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+checkpoint-*/

.ipynb_checkpoints/run_speech_recognition_ctc_bnb-checkpoint.py

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+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# coding=utf-8
+# Copyright 2021 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+
+""" Fine-tuning a 🤗 Transformers CTC model for automatic speech recognition"""
+
+import functools
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import warnings
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+import datasets
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+from datasets import DatasetDict, load_dataset, load_metric
+
+import bitsandbytes as bnb
+import transformers
+from transformers import (
+    AutoConfig,
+    AutoFeatureExtractor,
+    AutoModelForCTC,
+    AutoProcessor,
+    AutoTokenizer,
+    HfArgumentParser,
+    Trainer,
+    TrainingArguments,
+    Wav2Vec2Processor,
+    set_seed,
+)
+from transformers.trainer_pt_utils import get_parameter_names
+from transformers.trainer_utils import get_last_checkpoint, is_main_process
+from transformers.utils import check_min_version
+from transformers.utils.versions import require_version
+
+
+
+# Will error if the minimal version of Transformers is not installed. Remove at your own risks.
+check_min_version("4.16.0.dev0")
+
+require_version("datasets>=1.13.3", "To fix: pip install -r examples/pytorch/text-classification/requirements.txt")
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def list_field(default=None, metadata=None):
+    return field(default_factory=lambda: default, metadata=metadata)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ModelArguments:
+    """
+    Arguments pertaining to which model/config/tokenizer we are going to fine-tune from.
+    """
+
+    model_name_or_path: str = field(
+        metadata={"help": "Path to pretrained model or model identifier from huggingface.co/models"}
+    )
+    tokenizer_name_or_path: Optional[str] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Path to pretrained tokenizer or tokenizer identifier from huggingface.co/models"},
+    )
+    cache_dir: Optional[str] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Where do you want to store the pretrained models downloaded from huggingface.co"},
+    )
+    freeze_feature_encoder: bool = field(
+        default=True, metadata={"help": "Whether to freeze the feature encoder layers of the model."}
+    )
+    attention_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities."}
+    )
+    activation_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The dropout ratio for activations inside the fully connected layer."}
+    )
+    feat_proj_dropout: float = field(default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The dropout ratio for the projected features."})
+    hidden_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler."
+        },
+    )
+    final_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0,
+        metadata={"help": "The dropout probability for the final projection layer."},
+    )
+    mask_time_prob: float = field(
+        default=0.05,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Probability of each feature vector along the time axis to be chosen as the start of the vector"
+            "span to be masked. Approximately ``mask_time_prob * sequence_length // mask_time_length`` feature"
+            "vectors will be masked along the time axis."
+        },
+    )
+    mask_time_length: int = field(
+        default=10,
+        metadata={"help": "Length of vector span to mask along the time axis."},
+    )
+    mask_feature_prob: float = field(
+        default=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Probability of each feature vector along the feature axis to be chosen as the start of the vector"
+            "span to be masked. Approximately ``mask_feature_prob * sequence_length // mask_feature_length`` feature bins will be masked along the time axis."
+        },
+    )
+    mask_feature_length: int = field(
+        default=10,
+        metadata={"help": "Length of vector span to mask along the feature axis."},
+    )
+    layerdrop: float = field(default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The LayerDrop probability."})
+    ctc_loss_reduction: Optional[str] = field(
+        default="mean", metadata={"help": "The way the ctc loss should be reduced. Should be one of 'mean' or 'sum'."}
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DataTrainingArguments:
+    """
+    Arguments pertaining to what data we are going to input our model for training and eval.
+
+    Using `HfArgumentParser` we can turn this class
+    into argparse arguments to be able to specify them on
+    the command line.
+    """
+
+    dataset_name: str = field(
+        metadata={"help": "The configuration name of the dataset to use (via the datasets library)."}
+    )
+    dataset_config_name: str = field(
+        default=None, metadata={"help": "The configuration name of the dataset to use (via the datasets library)."}
+    )
+    train_split_name: str = field(
+        default="train+validation",
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The name of the training data set split to use (via the datasets library). Defaults to 'train'"
+        },
+    )
+    eval_split_name: str = field(
+        default="test",
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The name of the training data set split to use (via the datasets library). Defaults to 'train'"
+        },
+    )
+    audio_column_name: str = field(
+        default="audio",
+        metadata={"help": "The name of the dataset column containing the audio data. Defaults to 'audio'"},
+    )
+    text_column_name: str = field(
+        default="text",
+        metadata={"help": "The name of the dataset column containing the text data. Defaults to 'text'"},
+    )
+    overwrite_cache: bool = field(
+        default=False, metadata={"help": "Overwrite the cached preprocessed datasets or not."}
+    )
+    preprocessing_num_workers: Optional[int] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "The number of processes to use for the preprocessing."},
+    )
+    max_train_samples: Optional[int] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of training examples to this "
+            "value if set."
+        },
+    )
+    max_eval_samples: Optional[int] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of validation examples to this "
+            "value if set."
+        },
+    )
+    chars_to_ignore: Optional[List[str]] = list_field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "A list of characters to remove from the transcripts."},
+    )
+    eval_metrics: List[str] = list_field(
+        default=["wer", "cer"],
+        metadata={"help": "A list of metrics the model should be evaluated on. E.g. `'wer cer'`"},
+    )
+    max_duration_in_seconds: float = field(
+        default=20.0,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Filter audio files that are longer than `max_duration_in_seconds` seconds to 'max_duration_in_seconds`"
+        },
+    )
+    min_duration_in_seconds: float = field(
+        default=0.0, metadata={"help": "Filter audio files that are shorter than `min_duration_in_seconds` seconds"}
+    )
+    preprocessing_only: bool = field(
+        default=False,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether to only do data preprocessing and skip training. "
+            "This is especially useful when data preprocessing errors out in distributed training due to timeout. "
+            "In this case, one should run the preprocessing in a non-distributed setup with `preprocessing_only=True` "
+            "so that the cached datasets can consequently be loaded in distributed training"
+        },
+    )
+    use_auth_token: bool = field(
+        default=False,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "If :obj:`True`, will use the token generated when running"
+            ":obj:`transformers-cli login` as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files."
+        },
+    )
+    unk_token: str = field(
+        default="[UNK]",
+        metadata={"help": "The unk token for the tokenizer"},
+    )
+    pad_token: str = field(
+        default="[PAD]",
+        metadata={"help": "The padding token for the tokenizer"},
+    )
+    word_delimiter_token: str = field(
+        default="|",
+        metadata={"help": "The word delimiter token for the tokenizer"},
+    )
+    phoneme_language: Optional[str] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The target language that should be used be"
+            " passed to the tokenizer for tokenization. Note that"
+            " this is only relevant if the model classifies the"
+            " input audio to a sequence of phoneme sequences."
+        },
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DataCollatorCTCWithPadding:
+    """
+    Data collator that will dynamically pad the inputs received.
+    Args:
+        processor (:class:`~transformers.AutoProcessor`)
+            The processor used for proccessing the data.
+        padding (:obj:`bool`, :obj:`str` or :class:`~transformers.tokenization_utils_base.PaddingStrategy`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`True`):
+            Select a strategy to pad the returned sequences (according to the model's padding side and padding index)
+            among:
+            * :obj:`True` or :obj:`'longest'`: Pad to the longest sequence in the batch (or no padding if only a single
+              sequence if provided).
+            * :obj:`'max_length'`: Pad to a maximum length specified with the argument :obj:`max_length` or to the
+              maximum acceptable input length for the model if that argument is not provided.
+            * :obj:`False` or :obj:`'do_not_pad'` (default): No padding (i.e., can output a batch with sequences of
+              different lengths).
+        max_length (:obj:`int`, `optional`):
+            Maximum length of the ``input_values`` of the returned list and optionally padding length (see above).
+        max_length_labels (:obj:`int`, `optional`):
+            Maximum length of the ``labels`` returned list and optionally padding length (see above).
+        pad_to_multiple_of (:obj:`int`, `optional`):
+            If set will pad the sequence to a multiple of the provided value.
+            This is especially useful to enable the use of Tensor Cores on NVIDIA hardware with compute capability >=
+            7.5 (Volta).
+    """
+
+    processor: AutoProcessor
+    padding: Union[bool, str] = "longest"
+    pad_to_multiple_of: Optional[int] = None
+    pad_to_multiple_of_labels: Optional[int] = None
+
+    def __call__(self, features: List[Dict[str, Union[List[int], torch.Tensor]]]) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
+        # split inputs and labels since they have to be of different lenghts and need
+        # different padding methods
+        input_features = [{"input_values": feature["input_values"]} for feature in features]
+        label_features = [{"input_ids": feature["labels"]} for feature in features]
+
+        batch = self.processor.pad(
+            input_features,
+            padding=self.padding,
+            pad_to_multiple_of=self.pad_to_multiple_of,
+            return_tensors="pt",
+        )
+
+        with self.processor.as_target_processor():
+            labels_batch = self.processor.pad(
+                label_features,
+                padding=self.padding,
+                pad_to_multiple_of=self.pad_to_multiple_of_labels,
+                return_tensors="pt",
+            )
+
+        # replace padding with -100 to ignore loss correctly
+        labels = labels_batch["input_ids"].masked_fill(labels_batch.attention_mask.ne(1), -100)
+
+        batch["labels"] = labels
+
+        return batch
+
+
+def create_vocabulary_from_data(
+    datasets: DatasetDict,
+    word_delimiter_token: Optional[str] = None,
+    unk_token: Optional[str] = None,
+    pad_token: Optional[str] = None,
+):
+    # Given training and test labels create vocabulary
+    def extract_all_chars(batch):
+        all_text = " ".join(batch["target_text"])
+        vocab = list(set(all_text))
+        return {"vocab": [vocab], "all_text": [all_text]}
+
+    vocabs = datasets.map(
+        extract_all_chars,
+        batched=True,
+        batch_size=-1,
+        keep_in_memory=True,
+        remove_columns=datasets["train"].column_names,
+    )
+
+    # take union of all unique characters in each dataset
+    vocab_set = functools.reduce(
+        lambda vocab_1, vocab_2: set(vocab_1["vocab"][0]) | set(vocab_2["vocab"][0]), vocabs.values()
+    )
+
+    vocab_dict = {v: k for k, v in enumerate(sorted(list(vocab_set)))}
+
+    # replace white space with delimiter token
+    if word_delimiter_token is not None:
+        vocab_dict[word_delimiter_token] = vocab_dict[" "]
+        del vocab_dict[" "]
+
+    # add unk and pad token
+    if unk_token is not None:
+        vocab_dict[unk_token] = len(vocab_dict)
+
+    if pad_token is not None:
+        vocab_dict[pad_token] = len(vocab_dict)
+
+    return vocab_dict
+
+
+def main():
+    # See all possible arguments in src/transformers/training_args.py
+    # or by passing the --help flag to this script.
+    # We now keep distinct sets of args, for a cleaner separation of concerns.
+
+    parser = HfArgumentParser((ModelArguments, DataTrainingArguments, TrainingArguments))
+    if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1].endswith(".json"):
+        # If we pass only one argument to the script and it's the path to a json file,
+        # let's parse it to get our arguments.
+        model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_json_file(json_file=os.path.abspath(sys.argv[1]))
+    else:
+        model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_args_into_dataclasses()
+
+        
+    num_workers = data_args.preprocessing_num_workers
+    # Detecting last checkpoint.
+    last_checkpoint = None
+    if os.path.isdir(training_args.output_dir) and training_args.do_train and not training_args.overwrite_output_dir:
+        last_checkpoint = get_last_checkpoint(training_args.output_dir)
+        if last_checkpoint is None and len(os.listdir(training_args.output_dir)) > 0:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Output directory ({training_args.output_dir}) already exists and is not empty. "
+                "Use --overwrite_output_dir to overcome."
+            )
+        elif last_checkpoint is not None:
+            logger.info(
+                f"Checkpoint detected, resuming training at {last_checkpoint}. To avoid this behavior, change "
+                "the `--output_dir` or add `--overwrite_output_dir` to train from scratch."
+            )
+
+    # Setup logging
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(name)s - %(message)s",
+        datefmt="%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S",
+        handlers=[logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)],
+    )
+    logger.setLevel(logging.INFO if is_main_process(training_args.local_rank) else logging.WARN)
+
+    # Log on each process the small summary:
+    logger.warning(
+        f"Process rank: {training_args.local_rank}, device: {training_args.device}, n_gpu: {training_args.n_gpu}"
+        f"distributed training: {bool(training_args.local_rank != -1)}, 16-bits training: {training_args.fp16}"
+    )
+    # Set the verbosity to info of the Transformers logger (on main process only):
+    if is_main_process(training_args.local_rank):
+        transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_info()
+    logger.info("Training/evaluation parameters %s", training_args)
+
+    # Set seed before initializing model.
+    set_seed(training_args.seed)
+
+    # 1. First, let's load the dataset
+    raw_datasets = DatasetDict()
+
+    if training_args.do_train:
+        raw_datasets["train"] = load_dataset(
+            data_args.dataset_name,
+            data_args.dataset_config_name,
+            split=data_args.train_split_name,
+            use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+        )
+
+        if data_args.audio_column_name not in raw_datasets["train"].column_names:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"--audio_column_name '{data_args.audio_column_name}' not found in dataset '{data_args.dataset_name}'. "
+                "Make sure to set `--audio_column_name` to the correct audio column - one of "
+                f"{', '.join(raw_datasets['train'].column_names)}."
+            )
+
+        if data_args.text_column_name not in raw_datasets["train"].column_names:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"--text_column_name {data_args.text_column_name} not found in dataset '{data_args.dataset_name}'. "
+                "Make sure to set `--text_column_name` to the correct text column - one of "
+                f"{', '.join(raw_datasets['train'].column_names)}."
+            )
+
+        if data_args.max_train_samples is not None:
+            raw_datasets["train"] = raw_datasets["train"].select(range(data_args.max_train_samples))
+
+    if training_args.do_eval:
+        raw_datasets["eval"] = load_dataset(
+            data_args.dataset_name,
+            data_args.dataset_config_name,
+            split=data_args.eval_split_name,
+            use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+        )
+
+        if data_args.max_eval_samples is not None:
+            raw_datasets["eval"] = raw_datasets["eval"].select(range(data_args.max_eval_samples))
+    
+    # ADDITIONS
+    # Remove alphanumeric characters
+
+    raw_datasets = raw_datasets.filter(lambda example: not re.search('[a-zA-ZＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ]',example['sentence']))
+    
+    # 2. We remove some special characters from the datasets
+    # that make training complicated and do not help in transcribing the speech
+    # E.g. characters, such as `,` and `.` do not really have an acoustic characteristic
+    # that could be easily picked up by the model
+    from pykakasi import kakasi
+
+    kakasi = kakasi()
+    kakasi.setMode('J', 'H') #Convert from kanji to hiragana
+    # kakasi.setMode("K", "H") #Convert from katakana to hiragana
+    conv = kakasi.getConverter()
+    
+    # Default to set of extra characters seen in CV 8.
+    chars_to_ignore_regex = (
+        f'[{"".join(data_args.chars_to_ignore)}]' if data_args.chars_to_ignore is not None else '[\,\?\!\-\;\:\"\“\%\‘\”\�\—\’\…\–\（\，\[\]\)\(\！\/\「\」\『\』]'
+    )
+    
+    # ADDITIONS END
+    
+    text_column_name = data_args.text_column_name
+
+
+    def remove_special_characters(batch):
+        if chars_to_ignore_regex is not None:
+            batch["target_text"] = conv.do(re.sub(chars_to_ignore_regex, "", batch[text_column_name])) + " "
+        else:
+            batch["target_text"] = batch[text_column_name].lower() + " "
+        return batch
+
+    with training_args.main_process_first(desc="dataset map special characters removal"):
+        raw_datasets = raw_datasets.map(
+            remove_special_characters,
+            remove_columns=[text_column_name],
+            desc="remove special characters from datasets",
+        )
+
+    # save special tokens for tokenizer
+    word_delimiter_token = data_args.word_delimiter_token
+    unk_token = data_args.unk_token
+    pad_token = data_args.pad_token
+
+    # 3. Next, let's load the config as we might need it to create
+    # the tokenizer
+    # load config
+    config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(
+        model_args.model_name_or_path, cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir, use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token
+    )
+
+    # 4. Next, if no tokenizer file is defined,
+    # we create the vocabulary of the model by extracting all unique characters from
+    # the training and evaluation datasets
+    # We need to make sure that only first rank saves vocabulary
+    # make sure all processes wait until vocab is created
+    tokenizer_name_or_path = model_args.tokenizer_name_or_path
+    tokenizer_kwargs = {}
+    if tokenizer_name_or_path is None:
+        # save vocab in training output dir
+        tokenizer_name_or_path = training_args.output_dir
+
+        vocab_file = os.path.join(tokenizer_name_or_path, "vocab.json")
+
+        with training_args.main_process_first():
+            if training_args.overwrite_output_dir and os.path.isfile(vocab_file):
+                os.remove(vocab_file)
+
+        with training_args.main_process_first(desc="dataset map vocabulary creation"):
+            if not os.path.isfile(vocab_file):
+                os.makedirs(tokenizer_name_or_path, exist_ok=True)
+                vocab_dict = create_vocabulary_from_data(
+                    raw_datasets,
+                    word_delimiter_token=word_delimiter_token,
+                    unk_token=unk_token,
+                    pad_token=pad_token,
+                )
+
+                # save vocab dict to be loaded into tokenizer
+                with open(vocab_file, "w") as file:
+                    json.dump(vocab_dict, file)
+
+        # if tokenizer has just been created
+        # it is defined by `tokenizer_class` if present in config else by `model_type`
+        tokenizer_kwargs = {
+            "config": config if config.tokenizer_class is not None else None,
+            "tokenizer_type": config.model_type if config.tokenizer_class is None else None,
+            "unk_token": unk_token,
+            "pad_token": pad_token,
+            "word_delimiter_token": word_delimiter_token,
+        }
+
+    # 5. Now we can instantiate the feature extractor, tokenizer and model
+    # Note for distributed training, the .from_pretrained methods guarantee that only
+    # one local process can concurrently download model & vocab.
+
+    # load feature_extractor and tokenizer
+    tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
+        tokenizer_name_or_path,
+        use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+        **tokenizer_kwargs,
+    )
+    feature_extractor = AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained(
+        model_args.model_name_or_path, cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir, use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token
+    )
+
+    # adapt config
+    config.update(
+        {
+            "feat_proj_dropout": model_args.feat_proj_dropout,
+            "attention_dropout": model_args.attention_dropout,
+            "hidden_dropout": model_args.hidden_dropout,
+            "final_dropout": model_args.final_dropout,
+            "mask_time_prob": model_args.mask_time_prob,
+            "mask_time_length": model_args.mask_time_length,
+            "mask_feature_prob": model_args.mask_feature_prob,
+            "mask_feature_length": model_args.mask_feature_length,
+            "gradient_checkpointing": training_args.gradient_checkpointing,
+            "layerdrop": model_args.layerdrop,
+            "ctc_loss_reduction": model_args.ctc_loss_reduction,
+            "pad_token_id": tokenizer.pad_token_id,
+            "vocab_size": len(tokenizer),
+            "activation_dropout": model_args.activation_dropout,
+        }
+    )
+
+    # create model
+    model = AutoModelForCTC.from_pretrained(
+        model_args.model_name_or_path,
+        cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir,
+        config=config,
+        use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+    )
+
+    # freeze encoder
+    if model_args.freeze_feature_encoder:
+        model.freeze_feature_encoder()
+
+    # 6. Now we preprocess the datasets including loading the audio, resampling and normalization
+    # Thankfully, `datasets` takes care of automatically loading and resampling the audio,
+    # so that we just need to set the correct target sampling rate and normalize the input
+    # via the `feature_extractor`
+
+    # make sure that dataset decodes audio with correct sampling rate
+    dataset_sampling_rate = next(iter(raw_datasets.values())).features[data_args.audio_column_name].sampling_rate
+    if dataset_sampling_rate != feature_extractor.sampling_rate:
+        raw_datasets = raw_datasets.cast_column(
+            data_args.audio_column_name, datasets.features.Audio(sampling_rate=feature_extractor.sampling_rate)
+        )
+
+    # derive max & min input length for sample rate & max duration
+    max_input_length = data_args.max_duration_in_seconds * feature_extractor.sampling_rate
+    min_input_length = data_args.min_duration_in_seconds * feature_extractor.sampling_rate
+    audio_column_name = data_args.audio_column_name
+    
+
+    # `phoneme_language` is only relevant if the model is fine-tuned on phoneme classification
+    phoneme_language = data_args.phoneme_language
+
+    # Preprocessing the datasets.
+    # We need to read the audio files as arrays and tokenize the targets.
+    def prepare_dataset(batch):
+        # load audio
+        sample = batch[audio_column_name]
+
+        inputs = feature_extractor(sample["array"], sampling_rate=sample["sampling_rate"])
+        batch["input_values"] = inputs.input_values[0]
+        batch["input_length"] = len(batch["input_values"])
+
+        # encode targets
+        additional_kwargs = {}
+        if phoneme_language is not None:
+            additional_kwargs["phonemizer_lang"] = phoneme_language
+
+        batch["labels"] = tokenizer(batch["target_text"], **additional_kwargs).input_ids
+        return batch
+
+    with training_args.main_process_first(desc="dataset map preprocessing"):
+        vectorized_datasets = raw_datasets.map(
+            prepare_dataset,
+            remove_columns=next(iter(raw_datasets.values())).column_names,
+            num_proc=num_workers,
+            desc="preprocess datasets",
+        )
+
+        def is_audio_in_length_range(length):
+            return length > min_input_length and length < max_input_length
+
+        # filter data that is shorter than min_input_length
+        vectorized_datasets = vectorized_datasets.filter(
+            is_audio_in_length_range,
+            num_proc=num_workers,
+            input_columns=["input_length"],
+        )
+
+    # 7. Next, we can prepare the training.
+    # Let's use word error rate (WER) as our evaluation metric,
+    # instantiate a data collator and the trainer
+
+    # Define evaluation metrics during training, *i.e.* word error rate, character error rate
+    eval_metrics = {metric: load_metric(metric) for metric in data_args.eval_metrics}
+
+    # for large datasets it is advised to run the preprocessing on a
+    # single machine first with ``args.preprocessing_only`` since there will mostly likely
+    # be a timeout when running the script in distributed mode.
+    # In a second step ``args.preprocessing_only`` can then be set to `False` to load the
+    # cached dataset
+    if data_args.preprocessing_only:
+        logger.info(f"Data preprocessing finished. Files cached at {vectorized_datasets.cache_files}")
+        return
+
+    def compute_metrics(pred):
+        pred_logits = pred.predictions
+        pred_ids = np.argmax(pred_logits, axis=-1)
+
+        pred.label_ids[pred.label_ids == -100] = tokenizer.pad_token_id
+
+        pred_str = tokenizer.batch_decode(pred_ids)
+        # we do not want to group tokens when computing the metrics
+        label_str = tokenizer.batch_decode(pred.label_ids, group_tokens=False)
+
+        metrics = {k: v.compute(predictions=pred_str, references=label_str) for k, v in eval_metrics.items()}
+
+        return metrics
+
+    # Now save everything to be able to create a single processor later
+    if is_main_process(training_args.local_rank):
+        # save feature extractor, tokenizer and config
+        feature_extractor.save_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+        tokenizer.save_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+        config.save_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+
+    try:
+        processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+    except (OSError, KeyError):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Loading a processor from a feature extractor config that does not"
+            " include a `processor_class` attribute is deprecated and will be removed in v5. Please add the following "
+            " attribute to your `preprocessor_config.json` file to suppress this warning: "
+            " `'processor_class': 'Wav2Vec2Processor'`",
+            FutureWarning,
+        )
+        processor = Wav2Vec2Processor.from_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+
+    # Instantiate custom data collator
+    data_collator = DataCollatorCTCWithPadding(processor=processor)
+
+    decay_parameters = get_parameter_names(model, [torch.nn.LayerNorm])
+    decay_parameters = [name for name in decay_parameters if "bias" not in name]
+    optimizer_grouped_parameters = [
+        {
+            "params": [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if n in decay_parameters],
+            "weight_decay": training_args.weight_decay,
+        },
+        {
+            "params": [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if n not in decay_parameters],
+            "weight_decay": 0.0,
+        },
+    ]
+    optimizer = bnb.optim.Adam8bit(
+        params=optimizer_grouped_parameters,
+        lr=training_args.learning_rate,
+        betas=(training_args.adam_beta1, training_args.adam_beta2),
+        eps=training_args.adam_epsilon,
+    )
+
+    optimizers = (optimizer, None)
+
+    # Initialize Trainer
+    trainer = Trainer(
+        model=model,
+        data_collator=data_collator,
+        args=training_args,
+        compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
+        train_dataset=vectorized_datasets["train"] if training_args.do_train else None,
+        eval_dataset=vectorized_datasets["eval"] if training_args.do_eval else None,
+        tokenizer=feature_extractor,
+        optimizers=optimizers,
+    )
+
+    # 8. Finally, we can start training
+
+    # Training
+    if training_args.do_train:
+
+        # use last checkpoint if exist
+        if last_checkpoint is not None:
+            checkpoint = last_checkpoint
+        elif os.path.isdir(model_args.model_name_or_path):
+            checkpoint = model_args.model_name_or_path
+        else:
+            checkpoint = None
+
+        train_result = trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
+        trainer.save_model()
+
+        metrics = train_result.metrics
+        max_train_samples = (
+            data_args.max_train_samples
+            if data_args.max_train_samples is not None
+            else len(vectorized_datasets["train"])
+        )
+        metrics["train_samples"] = min(max_train_samples, len(vectorized_datasets["train"]))
+
+        trainer.log_metrics("train", metrics)
+        trainer.save_metrics("train", metrics)
+        trainer.save_state()
+
+    # Evaluation
+    results = {}
+    if training_args.do_eval:
+        logger.info("*** Evaluate ***")
+        metrics = trainer.evaluate()
+        max_eval_samples = (
+            data_args.max_eval_samples if data_args.max_eval_samples is not None else len(vectorized_datasets["eval"])
+        )
+        metrics["eval_samples"] = min(max_eval_samples, len(vectorized_datasets["eval"]))
+
+        trainer.log_metrics("eval", metrics)
+        trainer.save_metrics("eval", metrics)
+
+    # Write model card and (optionally) push to hub
+    config_name = data_args.dataset_config_name if data_args.dataset_config_name is not None else "na"
+    kwargs = {
+        "finetuned_from": model_args.model_name_or_path,
+        "tasks": "speech-recognition",
+        "tags": ["automatic-speech-recognition", data_args.dataset_name],
+        "dataset_args": f"Config: {config_name}, Training split: {data_args.train_split_name}, Eval split: {data_args.eval_split_name}",
+        "dataset": f"{data_args.dataset_name.upper()} - {config_name.upper()}",
+    }
+    if "common_voice" in data_args.dataset_name:
+        kwargs["language"] = config_name
+
+    if training_args.push_to_hub:
+        trainer.push_to_hub(**kwargs)
+    else:
+        trainer.create_model_card(**kwargs)
+
+    return results
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

.ipynb_checkpoints/run_training-checkpoint.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+python run_speech_recognition_ctc_bnb.py \
+	--dataset_name="mozilla-foundation/common_voice_8_0" \
+	--model_name_or_path="facebook/wav2vec2-xls-r-1b" \
+	--dataset_config_name="ja" \
+	--output_dir="./" \
+    --overwrite_output_dir \
+	--num_train_epochs="50" \
+	--per_device_train_batch_size="32" \
+	--per_device_eval_batch_size="8" \
+	--learning_rate="1e-4" \
+	--warmup_steps="2000" \
+	--length_column_name="input_length" \
+	--evaluation_strategy="steps" \
+	--text_column_name="sentence" \
+	--save_steps="1000" \
+	--eval_steps="1000" \
+	--logging_steps="100" \
+	--layerdrop="0.0" \
+	--activation_dropout="0.1" \
+	--save_total_limit="4" \
+	--freeze_feature_encoder \
+	--feat_proj_dropout="0.0" \
+	--mask_time_prob="0.75" \
+	--mask_time_length="10" \
+	--mask_feature_prob="0.25" \
+	--mask_feature_length="64" \
+	--gradient_checkpointing \
+	--use_auth_token \
+	--fp16 \
+	--group_by_length \
+	--do_train --do_eval \
+	--push_to_hub

.ipynb_checkpoints/vocab-checkpoint.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"'": 1, ".": 2, "―": 3, "、": 4, "。": 5, "々": 6, "〇": 7, "〜": 8, "ぁ": 9, "あ": 10, "い": 11, "う": 12, "ぇ": 13, "え": 14, "お": 15, "か": 16, "が": 17, "き": 18, "ぎ": 19, "く": 20, "ぐ": 21, "け": 22, "げ": 23, "こ": 24, "ご": 25, "さ": 26, "ざ": 27, "し": 28, "じ": 29, "す": 30, "ず": 31, "せ": 32, "ぜ": 33, "そ": 34, "ぞ": 35, "た": 36, "だ": 37, "ち": 38, "ぢ": 39, "っ": 40, "つ": 41, "づ": 42, "て": 43, "で": 44, "と": 45, "ど": 46, "な": 47, "に": 48, "ぬ": 49, "ね": 50, "の": 51, "は": 52, "ば": 53, "ぱ": 54, "ひ": 55, "び": 56, "ぴ": 57, "ふ": 58, "ぶ": 59, "ぷ": 60, "へ": 61, "べ": 62, "ぺ": 63, "ほ": 64, "ぼ": 65, "ぽ": 66, "ま": 67, "み": 68, "む": 69, "め": 70, "も": 71, "ゃ": 72, "や": 73, "ゅ": 74, "ゆ": 75, "ょ": 76, "よ": 77, "ら": 78, "り": 79, "る": 80, "れ": 81, "ろ": 82, "わ": 83, "を": 84, "ん": 85, "ァ": 86, "ア": 87, "ィ": 88, "イ": 89, "ゥ": 90, "ウ": 91, "ェ": 92, "エ": 93, "ォ": 94, "オ": 95, "カ": 96, "ガ": 97, "キ": 98, "ギ": 99, "ク": 100, "グ": 101, "ケ": 102, "ゲ": 103, "コ": 104, "ゴ": 105, "サ": 106, "ザ": 107, "シ": 108, "ジ": 109, "ス": 110, "ズ": 111, "セ": 112, "ゼ": 113, "ソ": 114, "ゾ": 115, "タ": 116, "ダ": 117, "チ": 118, "ッ": 119, "ツ": 120, "ヅ": 121, "テ": 122, "デ": 123, "ト": 124, "ド": 125, "ナ": 126, "ニ": 127, "ヌ": 128, "ネ": 129, "ノ": 130, "ハ": 131, "バ": 132, "パ": 133, "ヒ": 134, "ビ": 135, "ピ": 136, "フ": 137, "ブ": 138, "プ": 139, "ヘ": 140, "ベ": 141, "ペ": 142, "ホ": 143, "ボ": 144, "ポ": 145, "マ": 146, "ミ": 147, "ム": 148, "メ": 149, "モ": 150, "ャ": 151, "ヤ": 152, "ュ": 153, "ユ": 154, "ョ": 155, "ヨ": 156, "ラ": 157, "リ": 158, "ル": 159, "レ": 160, "ロ": 161, "ワ": 162, "ン": 163, "ヴ": 164, "ヶ": 165, "・": 166, "ー": 167, "繫": 168, "＆": 169, "）": 170, "－": 171, "．": 172, "：": 173, "＝": 174, "？": 175, "･": 176, "|": 0, "[UNK]": 177, "[PAD]": 178}

added_tokens.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"<s>": 179, "</s>": 180}

config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+{
+  "_name_or_path": "facebook/wav2vec2-xls-r-1b",
+  "activation_dropout": 0.1,
+  "adapter_kernel_size": 3,
+  "adapter_stride": 2,
+  "add_adapter": false,
+  "apply_spec_augment": true,
+  "architectures": [
+    "Wav2Vec2ForCTC"
+  ],
+  "attention_dropout": 0.0,
+  "bos_token_id": 1,
+  "classifier_proj_size": 256,
+  "codevector_dim": 1024,
+  "contrastive_logits_temperature": 0.1,
+  "conv_bias": true,
+  "conv_dim": [
+    512,
+    512,
+    512,
+    512,
+    512,
+    512,
+    512
+  ],
+  "conv_kernel": [
+    10,
+    3,
+    3,
+    3,
+    3,
+    2,
+    2
+  ],
+  "conv_stride": [
+    5,
+    2,
+    2,
+    2,
+    2,
+    2,
+    2
+  ],
+  "ctc_loss_reduction": "mean",
+  "ctc_zero_infinity": false,
+  "diversity_loss_weight": 0.1,
+  "do_stable_layer_norm": true,
+  "eos_token_id": 2,
+  "feat_extract_activation": "gelu",
+  "feat_extract_dropout": 0.0,
+  "feat_extract_norm": "layer",
+  "feat_proj_dropout": 0.0,
+  "feat_quantizer_dropout": 0.0,
+  "final_dropout": 0.0,
+  "hidden_act": "gelu",
+  "hidden_dropout": 0.0,
+  "hidden_size": 1280,
+  "initializer_range": 0.02,
+  "intermediate_size": 5120,
+  "layer_norm_eps": 1e-05,
+  "layerdrop": 0.0,
+  "mask_feature_length": 64,
+  "mask_feature_min_masks": 0,
+  "mask_feature_prob": 0.25,
+  "mask_time_length": 10,
+  "mask_time_min_masks": 2,
+  "mask_time_prob": 0.75,
+  "model_type": "wav2vec2",
+  "num_adapter_layers": 3,
+  "num_attention_heads": 16,
+  "num_codevector_groups": 2,
+  "num_codevectors_per_group": 320,
+  "num_conv_pos_embedding_groups": 16,
+  "num_conv_pos_embeddings": 128,
+  "num_feat_extract_layers": 7,
+  "num_hidden_layers": 48,
+  "num_negatives": 100,
+  "output_hidden_size": 1280,
+  "pad_token_id": 178,
+  "proj_codevector_dim": 1024,
+  "tdnn_dilation": [
+    1,
+    2,
+    3,
+    1,
+    1
+  ],
+  "tdnn_dim": [
+    512,
+    512,
+    512,
+    512,
+    1500
+  ],
+  "tdnn_kernel": [
+    5,
+    3,
+    3,
+    1,
+    1
+  ],
+  "torch_dtype": "float32",
+  "transformers_version": "4.17.0.dev0",
+  "use_weighted_layer_sum": false,
+  "vocab_size": 181,
+  "xvector_output_dim": 512
+}

preprocessor_config.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "do_normalize": true,
+  "feature_extractor_type": "Wav2Vec2FeatureExtractor",
+  "feature_size": 1,
+  "padding_side": "right",
+  "padding_value": 0,
+  "return_attention_mask": true,
+  "sampling_rate": 16000
+}

pytorch_model.bin

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:22ea9ce2e0bb00069b3b356c7e5f18975ab3cc48a75c564d8f0565253c433e95
+size 3851240177

run_speech_recognition_ctc_bnb.py

@@ -0,0 +1,781 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python
+# coding=utf-8
+# Copyright 2021 The HuggingFace Inc. team. All rights reserved.
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+
+""" Fine-tuning a 🤗 Transformers CTC model for automatic speech recognition"""
+
+import functools
+import json
+import logging
+import os
+import re
+import sys
+import warnings
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from typing import Dict, List, Optional, Union
+
+import datasets
+import numpy as np
+import torch
+from datasets import DatasetDict, load_dataset, load_metric
+
+import bitsandbytes as bnb
+import transformers
+from transformers import (
+    AutoConfig,
+    AutoFeatureExtractor,
+    AutoModelForCTC,
+    AutoProcessor,
+    AutoTokenizer,
+    HfArgumentParser,
+    Trainer,
+    TrainingArguments,
+    Wav2Vec2Processor,
+    set_seed,
+)
+from transformers.trainer_pt_utils import get_parameter_names
+from transformers.trainer_utils import get_last_checkpoint, is_main_process
+from transformers.utils import check_min_version
+from transformers.utils.versions import require_version
+
+
+
+# Will error if the minimal version of Transformers is not installed. Remove at your own risks.
+check_min_version("4.16.0.dev0")
+
+require_version("datasets>=1.13.3", "To fix: pip install -r examples/pytorch/text-classification/requirements.txt")
+
+
+logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
+
+
+def list_field(default=None, metadata=None):
+    return field(default_factory=lambda: default, metadata=metadata)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ModelArguments:
+    """
+    Arguments pertaining to which model/config/tokenizer we are going to fine-tune from.
+    """
+
+    model_name_or_path: str = field(
+        metadata={"help": "Path to pretrained model or model identifier from huggingface.co/models"}
+    )
+    tokenizer_name_or_path: Optional[str] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Path to pretrained tokenizer or tokenizer identifier from huggingface.co/models"},
+    )
+    cache_dir: Optional[str] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "Where do you want to store the pretrained models downloaded from huggingface.co"},
+    )
+    freeze_feature_encoder: bool = field(
+        default=True, metadata={"help": "Whether to freeze the feature encoder layers of the model."}
+    )
+    attention_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The dropout ratio for the attention probabilities."}
+    )
+    activation_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The dropout ratio for activations inside the fully connected layer."}
+    )
+    feat_proj_dropout: float = field(default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The dropout ratio for the projected features."})
+    hidden_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The dropout probability for all fully connected layers in the embeddings, encoder, and pooler."
+        },
+    )
+    final_dropout: float = field(
+        default=0.0,
+        metadata={"help": "The dropout probability for the final projection layer."},
+    )
+    mask_time_prob: float = field(
+        default=0.05,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Probability of each feature vector along the time axis to be chosen as the start of the vector"
+            "span to be masked. Approximately ``mask_time_prob * sequence_length // mask_time_length`` feature"
+            "vectors will be masked along the time axis."
+        },
+    )
+    mask_time_length: int = field(
+        default=10,
+        metadata={"help": "Length of vector span to mask along the time axis."},
+    )
+    mask_feature_prob: float = field(
+        default=0.0,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Probability of each feature vector along the feature axis to be chosen as the start of the vector"
+            "span to be masked. Approximately ``mask_feature_prob * sequence_length // mask_feature_length`` feature bins will be masked along the time axis."
+        },
+    )
+    mask_feature_length: int = field(
+        default=10,
+        metadata={"help": "Length of vector span to mask along the feature axis."},
+    )
+    layerdrop: float = field(default=0.0, metadata={"help": "The LayerDrop probability."})
+    ctc_loss_reduction: Optional[str] = field(
+        default="mean", metadata={"help": "The way the ctc loss should be reduced. Should be one of 'mean' or 'sum'."}
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DataTrainingArguments:
+    """
+    Arguments pertaining to what data we are going to input our model for training and eval.
+
+    Using `HfArgumentParser` we can turn this class
+    into argparse arguments to be able to specify them on
+    the command line.
+    """
+
+    dataset_name: str = field(
+        metadata={"help": "The configuration name of the dataset to use (via the datasets library)."}
+    )
+    dataset_config_name: str = field(
+        default=None, metadata={"help": "The configuration name of the dataset to use (via the datasets library)."}
+    )
+    train_split_name: str = field(
+        default="train+validation",
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The name of the training data set split to use (via the datasets library). Defaults to 'train'"
+        },
+    )
+    eval_split_name: str = field(
+        default="test",
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The name of the training data set split to use (via the datasets library). Defaults to 'train'"
+        },
+    )
+    audio_column_name: str = field(
+        default="audio",
+        metadata={"help": "The name of the dataset column containing the audio data. Defaults to 'audio'"},
+    )
+    text_column_name: str = field(
+        default="text",
+        metadata={"help": "The name of the dataset column containing the text data. Defaults to 'text'"},
+    )
+    overwrite_cache: bool = field(
+        default=False, metadata={"help": "Overwrite the cached preprocessed datasets or not."}
+    )
+    preprocessing_num_workers: Optional[int] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "The number of processes to use for the preprocessing."},
+    )
+    max_train_samples: Optional[int] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of training examples to this "
+            "value if set."
+        },
+    )
+    max_eval_samples: Optional[int] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "For debugging purposes or quicker training, truncate the number of validation examples to this "
+            "value if set."
+        },
+    )
+    chars_to_ignore: Optional[List[str]] = list_field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={"help": "A list of characters to remove from the transcripts."},
+    )
+    eval_metrics: List[str] = list_field(
+        default=["wer", "cer"],
+        metadata={"help": "A list of metrics the model should be evaluated on. E.g. `'wer cer'`"},
+    )
+    max_duration_in_seconds: float = field(
+        default=20.0,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Filter audio files that are longer than `max_duration_in_seconds` seconds to 'max_duration_in_seconds`"
+        },
+    )
+    min_duration_in_seconds: float = field(
+        default=0.0, metadata={"help": "Filter audio files that are shorter than `min_duration_in_seconds` seconds"}
+    )
+    preprocessing_only: bool = field(
+        default=False,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "Whether to only do data preprocessing and skip training. "
+            "This is especially useful when data preprocessing errors out in distributed training due to timeout. "
+            "In this case, one should run the preprocessing in a non-distributed setup with `preprocessing_only=True` "
+            "so that the cached datasets can consequently be loaded in distributed training"
+        },
+    )
+    use_auth_token: bool = field(
+        default=False,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "If :obj:`True`, will use the token generated when running"
+            ":obj:`transformers-cli login` as HTTP bearer authorization for remote files."
+        },
+    )
+    unk_token: str = field(
+        default="[UNK]",
+        metadata={"help": "The unk token for the tokenizer"},
+    )
+    pad_token: str = field(
+        default="[PAD]",
+        metadata={"help": "The padding token for the tokenizer"},
+    )
+    word_delimiter_token: str = field(
+        default="|",
+        metadata={"help": "The word delimiter token for the tokenizer"},
+    )
+    phoneme_language: Optional[str] = field(
+        default=None,
+        metadata={
+            "help": "The target language that should be used be"
+            " passed to the tokenizer for tokenization. Note that"
+            " this is only relevant if the model classifies the"
+            " input audio to a sequence of phoneme sequences."
+        },
+    )
+
+
+@dataclass
+class DataCollatorCTCWithPadding:
+    """
+    Data collator that will dynamically pad the inputs received.
+    Args:
+        processor (:class:`~transformers.AutoProcessor`)
+            The processor used for proccessing the data.
+        padding (:obj:`bool`, :obj:`str` or :class:`~transformers.tokenization_utils_base.PaddingStrategy`, `optional`, defaults to :obj:`True`):
+            Select a strategy to pad the returned sequences (according to the model's padding side and padding index)
+            among:
+            * :obj:`True` or :obj:`'longest'`: Pad to the longest sequence in the batch (or no padding if only a single
+              sequence if provided).
+            * :obj:`'max_length'`: Pad to a maximum length specified with the argument :obj:`max_length` or to the
+              maximum acceptable input length for the model if that argument is not provided.
+            * :obj:`False` or :obj:`'do_not_pad'` (default): No padding (i.e., can output a batch with sequences of
+              different lengths).
+        max_length (:obj:`int`, `optional`):
+            Maximum length of the ``input_values`` of the returned list and optionally padding length (see above).
+        max_length_labels (:obj:`int`, `optional`):
+            Maximum length of the ``labels`` returned list and optionally padding length (see above).
+        pad_to_multiple_of (:obj:`int`, `optional`):
+            If set will pad the sequence to a multiple of the provided value.
+            This is especially useful to enable the use of Tensor Cores on NVIDIA hardware with compute capability >=
+            7.5 (Volta).
+    """
+
+    processor: AutoProcessor
+    padding: Union[bool, str] = "longest"
+    pad_to_multiple_of: Optional[int] = None
+    pad_to_multiple_of_labels: Optional[int] = None
+
+    def __call__(self, features: List[Dict[str, Union[List[int], torch.Tensor]]]) -> Dict[str, torch.Tensor]:
+        # split inputs and labels since they have to be of different lenghts and need
+        # different padding methods
+        input_features = [{"input_values": feature["input_values"]} for feature in features]
+        label_features = [{"input_ids": feature["labels"]} for feature in features]
+
+        batch = self.processor.pad(
+            input_features,
+            padding=self.padding,
+            pad_to_multiple_of=self.pad_to_multiple_of,
+            return_tensors="pt",
+        )
+
+        with self.processor.as_target_processor():
+            labels_batch = self.processor.pad(
+                label_features,
+                padding=self.padding,
+                pad_to_multiple_of=self.pad_to_multiple_of_labels,
+                return_tensors="pt",
+            )
+
+        # replace padding with -100 to ignore loss correctly
+        labels = labels_batch["input_ids"].masked_fill(labels_batch.attention_mask.ne(1), -100)
+
+        batch["labels"] = labels
+
+        return batch
+
+
+def create_vocabulary_from_data(
+    datasets: DatasetDict,
+    word_delimiter_token: Optional[str] = None,
+    unk_token: Optional[str] = None,
+    pad_token: Optional[str] = None,
+):
+    # Given training and test labels create vocabulary
+    def extract_all_chars(batch):
+        all_text = " ".join(batch["target_text"])
+        vocab = list(set(all_text))
+        return {"vocab": [vocab], "all_text": [all_text]}
+
+    vocabs = datasets.map(
+        extract_all_chars,
+        batched=True,
+        batch_size=-1,
+        keep_in_memory=True,
+        remove_columns=datasets["train"].column_names,
+    )
+
+    # take union of all unique characters in each dataset
+    vocab_set = functools.reduce(
+        lambda vocab_1, vocab_2: set(vocab_1["vocab"][0]) | set(vocab_2["vocab"][0]), vocabs.values()
+    )
+
+    vocab_dict = {v: k for k, v in enumerate(sorted(list(vocab_set)))}
+
+    # replace white space with delimiter token
+    if word_delimiter_token is not None:
+        vocab_dict[word_delimiter_token] = vocab_dict[" "]
+        del vocab_dict[" "]
+
+    # add unk and pad token
+    if unk_token is not None:
+        vocab_dict[unk_token] = len(vocab_dict)
+
+    if pad_token is not None:
+        vocab_dict[pad_token] = len(vocab_dict)
+
+    return vocab_dict
+
+
+def main():
+    # See all possible arguments in src/transformers/training_args.py
+    # or by passing the --help flag to this script.
+    # We now keep distinct sets of args, for a cleaner separation of concerns.
+
+    parser = HfArgumentParser((ModelArguments, DataTrainingArguments, TrainingArguments))
+    if len(sys.argv) == 2 and sys.argv[1].endswith(".json"):
+        # If we pass only one argument to the script and it's the path to a json file,
+        # let's parse it to get our arguments.
+        model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_json_file(json_file=os.path.abspath(sys.argv[1]))
+    else:
+        model_args, data_args, training_args = parser.parse_args_into_dataclasses()
+
+        
+    num_workers = data_args.preprocessing_num_workers
+    # Detecting last checkpoint.
+    last_checkpoint = None
+    if os.path.isdir(training_args.output_dir) and training_args.do_train and not training_args.overwrite_output_dir:
+        last_checkpoint = get_last_checkpoint(training_args.output_dir)
+        if last_checkpoint is None and len(os.listdir(training_args.output_dir)) > 0:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"Output directory ({training_args.output_dir}) already exists and is not empty. "
+                "Use --overwrite_output_dir to overcome."
+            )
+        elif last_checkpoint is not None:
+            logger.info(
+                f"Checkpoint detected, resuming training at {last_checkpoint}. To avoid this behavior, change "
+                "the `--output_dir` or add `--overwrite_output_dir` to train from scratch."
+            )
+
+    # Setup logging
+    logging.basicConfig(
+        format="%(asctime)s - %(levelname)s - %(name)s - %(message)s",
+        datefmt="%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S",
+        handlers=[logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)],
+    )
+    logger.setLevel(logging.INFO if is_main_process(training_args.local_rank) else logging.WARN)
+
+    # Log on each process the small summary:
+    logger.warning(
+        f"Process rank: {training_args.local_rank}, device: {training_args.device}, n_gpu: {training_args.n_gpu}"
+        f"distributed training: {bool(training_args.local_rank != -1)}, 16-bits training: {training_args.fp16}"
+    )
+    # Set the verbosity to info of the Transformers logger (on main process only):
+    if is_main_process(training_args.local_rank):
+        transformers.utils.logging.set_verbosity_info()
+    logger.info("Training/evaluation parameters %s", training_args)
+
+    # Set seed before initializing model.
+    set_seed(training_args.seed)
+
+    # 1. First, let's load the dataset
+    raw_datasets = DatasetDict()
+
+    if training_args.do_train:
+        raw_datasets["train"] = load_dataset(
+            data_args.dataset_name,
+            data_args.dataset_config_name,
+            split=data_args.train_split_name,
+            use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+        )
+
+        if data_args.audio_column_name not in raw_datasets["train"].column_names:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"--audio_column_name '{data_args.audio_column_name}' not found in dataset '{data_args.dataset_name}'. "
+                "Make sure to set `--audio_column_name` to the correct audio column - one of "
+                f"{', '.join(raw_datasets['train'].column_names)}."
+            )
+
+        if data_args.text_column_name not in raw_datasets["train"].column_names:
+            raise ValueError(
+                f"--text_column_name {data_args.text_column_name} not found in dataset '{data_args.dataset_name}'. "
+                "Make sure to set `--text_column_name` to the correct text column - one of "
+                f"{', '.join(raw_datasets['train'].column_names)}."
+            )
+
+        if data_args.max_train_samples is not None:
+            raw_datasets["train"] = raw_datasets["train"].select(range(data_args.max_train_samples))
+
+    if training_args.do_eval:
+        raw_datasets["eval"] = load_dataset(
+            data_args.dataset_name,
+            data_args.dataset_config_name,
+            split=data_args.eval_split_name,
+            use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+        )
+
+        if data_args.max_eval_samples is not None:
+            raw_datasets["eval"] = raw_datasets["eval"].select(range(data_args.max_eval_samples))
+    
+    # ADDITIONS
+    # Remove alphanumeric characters
+
+    raw_datasets = raw_datasets.filter(lambda example: not re.search('[a-zA-ZＡ-Ｚａ-ｚ]',example['sentence']))
+    
+    # 2. We remove some special characters from the datasets
+    # that make training complicated and do not help in transcribing the speech
+    # E.g. characters, such as `,` and `.` do not really have an acoustic characteristic
+    # that could be easily picked up by the model
+    from pykakasi import kakasi
+
+    kakasi = kakasi()
+    kakasi.setMode('J', 'H') #Convert from kanji to hiragana
+    # kakasi.setMode("K", "H") #Convert from katakana to hiragana
+    conv = kakasi.getConverter()
+    
+    # Default to set of extra characters seen in CV 8.
+    chars_to_ignore_regex = (
+        f'[{"".join(data_args.chars_to_ignore)}]' if data_args.chars_to_ignore is not None else '[\,\?\!\-\;\:\"\“\%\‘\”\�\—\’\…\–\（\，\[\]\)\(\！\/\「\」\『\』]'
+    )
+    
+    # ADDITIONS END
+    
+    text_column_name = data_args.text_column_name
+
+
+    def remove_special_characters(batch):
+        if chars_to_ignore_regex is not None:
+            batch["target_text"] = conv.do(re.sub(chars_to_ignore_regex, "", batch[text_column_name])) + " "
+        else:
+            batch["target_text"] = batch[text_column_name].lower() + " "
+        return batch
+
+    with training_args.main_process_first(desc="dataset map special characters removal"):
+        raw_datasets = raw_datasets.map(
+            remove_special_characters,
+            remove_columns=[text_column_name],
+            desc="remove special characters from datasets",
+        )
+
+    # save special tokens for tokenizer
+    word_delimiter_token = data_args.word_delimiter_token
+    unk_token = data_args.unk_token
+    pad_token = data_args.pad_token
+
+    # 3. Next, let's load the config as we might need it to create
+    # the tokenizer
+    # load config
+    config = AutoConfig.from_pretrained(
+        model_args.model_name_or_path, cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir, use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token
+    )
+
+    # 4. Next, if no tokenizer file is defined,
+    # we create the vocabulary of the model by extracting all unique characters from
+    # the training and evaluation datasets
+    # We need to make sure that only first rank saves vocabulary
+    # make sure all processes wait until vocab is created
+    tokenizer_name_or_path = model_args.tokenizer_name_or_path
+    tokenizer_kwargs = {}
+    if tokenizer_name_or_path is None:
+        # save vocab in training output dir
+        tokenizer_name_or_path = training_args.output_dir
+
+        vocab_file = os.path.join(tokenizer_name_or_path, "vocab.json")
+
+        with training_args.main_process_first():
+            if training_args.overwrite_output_dir and os.path.isfile(vocab_file):
+                os.remove(vocab_file)
+
+        with training_args.main_process_first(desc="dataset map vocabulary creation"):
+            if not os.path.isfile(vocab_file):
+                os.makedirs(tokenizer_name_or_path, exist_ok=True)
+                vocab_dict = create_vocabulary_from_data(
+                    raw_datasets,
+                    word_delimiter_token=word_delimiter_token,
+                    unk_token=unk_token,
+                    pad_token=pad_token,
+                )
+
+                # save vocab dict to be loaded into tokenizer
+                with open(vocab_file, "w") as file:
+                    json.dump(vocab_dict, file)
+
+        # if tokenizer has just been created
+        # it is defined by `tokenizer_class` if present in config else by `model_type`
+        tokenizer_kwargs = {
+            "config": config if config.tokenizer_class is not None else None,
+            "tokenizer_type": config.model_type if config.tokenizer_class is None else None,
+            "unk_token": unk_token,
+            "pad_token": pad_token,
+            "word_delimiter_token": word_delimiter_token,
+        }
+
+    # 5. Now we can instantiate the feature extractor, tokenizer and model
+    # Note for distributed training, the .from_pretrained methods guarantee that only
+    # one local process can concurrently download model & vocab.
+
+    # load feature_extractor and tokenizer
+    tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(
+        tokenizer_name_or_path,
+        use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+        **tokenizer_kwargs,
+    )
+    feature_extractor = AutoFeatureExtractor.from_pretrained(
+        model_args.model_name_or_path, cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir, use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token
+    )
+
+    # adapt config
+    config.update(
+        {
+            "feat_proj_dropout": model_args.feat_proj_dropout,
+            "attention_dropout": model_args.attention_dropout,
+            "hidden_dropout": model_args.hidden_dropout,
+            "final_dropout": model_args.final_dropout,
+            "mask_time_prob": model_args.mask_time_prob,
+            "mask_time_length": model_args.mask_time_length,
+            "mask_feature_prob": model_args.mask_feature_prob,
+            "mask_feature_length": model_args.mask_feature_length,
+            "gradient_checkpointing": training_args.gradient_checkpointing,
+            "layerdrop": model_args.layerdrop,
+            "ctc_loss_reduction": model_args.ctc_loss_reduction,
+            "pad_token_id": tokenizer.pad_token_id,
+            "vocab_size": len(tokenizer),
+            "activation_dropout": model_args.activation_dropout,
+        }
+    )
+
+    # create model
+    model = AutoModelForCTC.from_pretrained(
+        model_args.model_name_or_path,
+        cache_dir=model_args.cache_dir,
+        config=config,
+        use_auth_token=data_args.use_auth_token,
+    )
+
+    # freeze encoder
+    if model_args.freeze_feature_encoder:
+        model.freeze_feature_encoder()
+
+    # 6. Now we preprocess the datasets including loading the audio, resampling and normalization
+    # Thankfully, `datasets` takes care of automatically loading and resampling the audio,
+    # so that we just need to set the correct target sampling rate and normalize the input
+    # via the `feature_extractor`
+
+    # make sure that dataset decodes audio with correct sampling rate
+    dataset_sampling_rate = next(iter(raw_datasets.values())).features[data_args.audio_column_name].sampling_rate
+    if dataset_sampling_rate != feature_extractor.sampling_rate:
+        raw_datasets = raw_datasets.cast_column(
+            data_args.audio_column_name, datasets.features.Audio(sampling_rate=feature_extractor.sampling_rate)
+        )
+
+    # derive max & min input length for sample rate & max duration
+    max_input_length = data_args.max_duration_in_seconds * feature_extractor.sampling_rate
+    min_input_length = data_args.min_duration_in_seconds * feature_extractor.sampling_rate
+    audio_column_name = data_args.audio_column_name
+    
+
+    # `phoneme_language` is only relevant if the model is fine-tuned on phoneme classification
+    phoneme_language = data_args.phoneme_language
+
+    # Preprocessing the datasets.
+    # We need to read the audio files as arrays and tokenize the targets.
+    def prepare_dataset(batch):
+        # load audio
+        sample = batch[audio_column_name]
+
+        inputs = feature_extractor(sample["array"], sampling_rate=sample["sampling_rate"])
+        batch["input_values"] = inputs.input_values[0]
+        batch["input_length"] = len(batch["input_values"])
+
+        # encode targets
+        additional_kwargs = {}
+        if phoneme_language is not None:
+            additional_kwargs["phonemizer_lang"] = phoneme_language
+
+        batch["labels"] = tokenizer(batch["target_text"], **additional_kwargs).input_ids
+        return batch
+
+    with training_args.main_process_first(desc="dataset map preprocessing"):
+        vectorized_datasets = raw_datasets.map(
+            prepare_dataset,
+            remove_columns=next(iter(raw_datasets.values())).column_names,
+            num_proc=num_workers,
+            desc="preprocess datasets",
+        )
+
+        def is_audio_in_length_range(length):
+            return length > min_input_length and length < max_input_length
+
+        # filter data that is shorter than min_input_length
+        vectorized_datasets = vectorized_datasets.filter(
+            is_audio_in_length_range,
+            num_proc=num_workers,
+            input_columns=["input_length"],
+        )
+
+    # 7. Next, we can prepare the training.
+    # Let's use word error rate (WER) as our evaluation metric,
+    # instantiate a data collator and the trainer
+
+    # Define evaluation metrics during training, *i.e.* word error rate, character error rate
+    eval_metrics = {metric: load_metric(metric) for metric in data_args.eval_metrics}
+
+    # for large datasets it is advised to run the preprocessing on a
+    # single machine first with ``args.preprocessing_only`` since there will mostly likely
+    # be a timeout when running the script in distributed mode.
+    # In a second step ``args.preprocessing_only`` can then be set to `False` to load the
+    # cached dataset
+    if data_args.preprocessing_only:
+        logger.info(f"Data preprocessing finished. Files cached at {vectorized_datasets.cache_files}")
+        return
+
+    def compute_metrics(pred):
+        pred_logits = pred.predictions
+        pred_ids = np.argmax(pred_logits, axis=-1)
+
+        pred.label_ids[pred.label_ids == -100] = tokenizer.pad_token_id
+
+        pred_str = tokenizer.batch_decode(pred_ids)
+        # we do not want to group tokens when computing the metrics
+        label_str = tokenizer.batch_decode(pred.label_ids, group_tokens=False)
+
+        metrics = {k: v.compute(predictions=pred_str, references=label_str) for k, v in eval_metrics.items()}
+
+        return metrics
+
+    # Now save everything to be able to create a single processor later
+    if is_main_process(training_args.local_rank):
+        # save feature extractor, tokenizer and config
+        feature_extractor.save_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+        tokenizer.save_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+        config.save_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+
+    try:
+        processor = AutoProcessor.from_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+    except (OSError, KeyError):
+        warnings.warn(
+            "Loading a processor from a feature extractor config that does not"
+            " include a `processor_class` attribute is deprecated and will be removed in v5. Please add the following "
+            " attribute to your `preprocessor_config.json` file to suppress this warning: "
+            " `'processor_class': 'Wav2Vec2Processor'`",
+            FutureWarning,
+        )
+        processor = Wav2Vec2Processor.from_pretrained(training_args.output_dir)
+
+    # Instantiate custom data collator
+    data_collator = DataCollatorCTCWithPadding(processor=processor)
+
+    decay_parameters = get_parameter_names(model, [torch.nn.LayerNorm])
+    decay_parameters = [name for name in decay_parameters if "bias" not in name]
+    optimizer_grouped_parameters = [
+        {
+            "params": [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if n in decay_parameters],
+            "weight_decay": training_args.weight_decay,
+        },
+        {
+            "params": [p for n, p in model.named_parameters() if n not in decay_parameters],
+            "weight_decay": 0.0,
+        },
+    ]
+    optimizer = bnb.optim.Adam8bit(
+        params=optimizer_grouped_parameters,
+        lr=training_args.learning_rate,
+        betas=(training_args.adam_beta1, training_args.adam_beta2),
+        eps=training_args.adam_epsilon,
+    )
+
+    optimizers = (optimizer, None)
+
+    # Initialize Trainer
+    trainer = Trainer(
+        model=model,
+        data_collator=data_collator,
+        args=training_args,
+        compute_metrics=compute_metrics,
+        train_dataset=vectorized_datasets["train"] if training_args.do_train else None,
+        eval_dataset=vectorized_datasets["eval"] if training_args.do_eval else None,
+        tokenizer=feature_extractor,
+        optimizers=optimizers,
+    )
+
+    # 8. Finally, we can start training
+
+    # Training
+    if training_args.do_train:
+
+        # use last checkpoint if exist
+        if last_checkpoint is not None:
+            checkpoint = last_checkpoint
+        elif os.path.isdir(model_args.model_name_or_path):
+            checkpoint = model_args.model_name_or_path
+        else:
+            checkpoint = None
+
+        train_result = trainer.train(resume_from_checkpoint=checkpoint)
+        trainer.save_model()
+
+        metrics = train_result.metrics
+        max_train_samples = (
+            data_args.max_train_samples
+            if data_args.max_train_samples is not None
+            else len(vectorized_datasets["train"])
+        )
+        metrics["train_samples"] = min(max_train_samples, len(vectorized_datasets["train"]))
+
+        trainer.log_metrics("train", metrics)
+        trainer.save_metrics("train", metrics)
+        trainer.save_state()
+
+    # Evaluation
+    results = {}
+    if training_args.do_eval:
+        logger.info("*** Evaluate ***")
+        metrics = trainer.evaluate()
+        max_eval_samples = (
+            data_args.max_eval_samples if data_args.max_eval_samples is not None else len(vectorized_datasets["eval"])
+        )
+        metrics["eval_samples"] = min(max_eval_samples, len(vectorized_datasets["eval"]))
+
+        trainer.log_metrics("eval", metrics)
+        trainer.save_metrics("eval", metrics)
+
+    # Write model card and (optionally) push to hub
+    config_name = data_args.dataset_config_name if data_args.dataset_config_name is not None else "na"
+    kwargs = {
+        "finetuned_from": model_args.model_name_or_path,
+        "tasks": "speech-recognition",
+        "tags": ["automatic-speech-recognition", data_args.dataset_name],
+        "dataset_args": f"Config: {config_name}, Training split: {data_args.train_split_name}, Eval split: {data_args.eval_split_name}",
+        "dataset": f"{data_args.dataset_name.upper()} - {config_name.upper()}",
+    }
+    if "common_voice" in data_args.dataset_name:
+        kwargs["language"] = config_name
+
+    if training_args.push_to_hub:
+        trainer.push_to_hub(**kwargs)
+    else:
+        trainer.create_model_card(**kwargs)
+
+    return results
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

run_training.sh

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+python run_speech_recognition_ctc_bnb.py \
+	--dataset_name="mozilla-foundation/common_voice_8_0" \
+	--model_name_or_path="facebook/wav2vec2-xls-r-1b" \
+	--dataset_config_name="ja" \
+	--output_dir="./" \
+    --overwrite_output_dir \
+	--num_train_epochs="50" \
+	--per_device_train_batch_size="32" \
+	--per_device_eval_batch_size="8" \
+	--learning_rate="1e-4" \
+	--warmup_steps="2000" \
+	--length_column_name="input_length" \
+	--evaluation_strategy="steps" \
+	--text_column_name="sentence" \
+	--save_steps="1000" \
+	--eval_steps="1000" \
+	--logging_steps="100" \
+	--layerdrop="0.0" \
+	--activation_dropout="0.1" \
+	--save_total_limit="4" \
+	--freeze_feature_encoder \
+	--feat_proj_dropout="0.0" \
+	--mask_time_prob="0.75" \
+	--mask_time_length="10" \
+	--mask_feature_prob="0.25" \
+	--mask_feature_length="64" \
+	--gradient_checkpointing \
+	--use_auth_token \
+	--fp16 \
+	--group_by_length \
+	--do_train --do_eval \
+	--push_to_hub

special_tokens_map.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"bos_token": "<s>", "eos_token": "</s>", "unk_token": "[UNK]", "pad_token": "[PAD]", "additional_special_tokens": [{"content": "<s>", "single_word": false, "lstrip": false, "rstrip": false, "normalized": true}, {"content": "</s>", "single_word": false, "lstrip": false, "rstrip": false, "normalized": true}, {"content": "<s>", "single_word": false, "lstrip": false, "rstrip": false, "normalized": true}, {"content": "</s>", "single_word": false, "lstrip": false, "rstrip": false, "normalized": true}]}

tokenizer_config.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"unk_token": "[UNK]", "bos_token": "<s>", "eos_token": "</s>", "pad_token": "[PAD]", "do_lower_case": false, "word_delimiter_token": "|", "special_tokens_map_file": null, "tokenizer_file": null, "name_or_path": "./", "tokenizer_class": "Wav2Vec2CTCTokenizer"}

training_args.bin

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+version https://git-lfs.github.com/spec/v1
+oid sha256:c4677067a838996bf37783552c2516b25469b06a2d8d9c31d21a824ac3f516a7
+size 2991

vocab.json

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+{"'": 1, ".": 2, "―": 3, "、": 4, "。": 5, "々": 6, "〇": 7, "〜": 8, "ぁ": 9, "あ": 10, "い": 11, "う": 12, "ぇ": 13, "え": 14, "お": 15, "か": 16, "が": 17, "き": 18, "ぎ": 19, "く": 20, "ぐ": 21, "け": 22, "げ": 23, "こ": 24, "ご": 25, "さ": 26, "ざ": 27, "し": 28, "じ": 29, "す": 30, "ず": 31, "せ": 32, "ぜ": 33, "そ": 34, "ぞ": 35, "た": 36, "だ": 37, "ち": 38, "ぢ": 39, "っ": 40, "つ": 41, "づ": 42, "て": 43, "で": 44, "と": 45, "ど": 46, "な": 47, "に": 48, "ぬ": 49, "ね": 50, "の": 51, "は": 52, "ば": 53, "ぱ": 54, "ひ": 55, "び": 56, "ぴ": 57, "ふ": 58, "ぶ": 59, "ぷ": 60, "へ": 61, "べ": 62, "ぺ": 63, "ほ": 64, "ぼ": 65, "ぽ": 66, "ま": 67, "み": 68, "む": 69, "め": 70, "も": 71, "ゃ": 72, "や": 73, "ゅ": 74, "ゆ": 75, "ょ": 76, "よ": 77, "ら": 78, "り": 79, "る": 80, "れ": 81, "ろ": 82, "わ": 83, "を": 84, "ん": 85, "ァ": 86, "ア": 87, "ィ": 88, "イ": 89, "ゥ": 90, "ウ": 91, "ェ": 92, "エ": 93, "ォ": 94, "オ": 95, "カ": 96, "ガ": 97, "キ": 98, "ギ": 99, "ク": 100, "グ": 101, "ケ": 102, "ゲ": 103, "コ": 104, "ゴ": 105, "サ": 106, "ザ": 107, "シ": 108, "ジ": 109, "ス": 110, "ズ": 111, "セ": 112, "ゼ": 113, "ソ": 114, "ゾ": 115, "タ": 116, "ダ": 117, "チ": 118, "ッ": 119, "ツ": 120, "ヅ": 121, "テ": 122, "デ": 123, "ト": 124, "ド": 125, "ナ": 126, "ニ": 127, "ヌ": 128, "ネ": 129, "ノ": 130, "ハ": 131, "バ": 132, "パ": 133, "ヒ": 134, "ビ": 135, "ピ": 136, "フ": 137, "ブ": 138, "プ": 139, "ヘ": 140, "ベ": 141, "ペ": 142, "ホ": 143, "ボ": 144, "ポ": 145, "マ": 146, "ミ": 147, "ム": 148, "メ": 149, "モ": 150, "ャ": 151, "ヤ": 152, "ュ": 153, "ユ": 154, "ョ": 155, "ヨ": 156, "ラ": 157, "リ": 158, "ル": 159, "レ": 160, "ロ": 161, "ワ": 162, "ン": 163, "ヴ": 164, "ヶ": 165, "・": 166, "ー": 167, "繫": 168, "＆": 169, "）": 170, "－": 171, "．": 172, "：": 173, "＝": 174, "？": 175, "･": 176, "|": 0, "[UNK]": 177, "[PAD]": 178}