[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Charlie knows how to type.

0. inherited
1. acquired

[Assistant]
People are not born knowing how to type. Instead, many people learn how to type. So, typing is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Kimberly has naturally straight hair.

0. inherited
1. acquired

[Assistant]
Some humans are born with naturally straight hair. Others are born with naturally curly hair. Straight and curly are examples of hair texture.
Some people use tools to change how their hair looks. But this doesn't affect the natural texture of their hair. So, having naturally straight hair is an inherited trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Organisms that carry out photosynthesis are called photosynthetic organisms. During photosynthesis, these organisms use light energy to turn water and carbon dioxide into sugars and oxygen.
Photosynthetic organisms also often have the following characteristics:
They are producers, which are organisms that make their own food inside their cells. Producers don't usually eat other organisms.
Their cells contain chloroplasts. Chloroplasts are cell parts where photosynthesis occurs.
Their chloroplasts often contain chlorophyll, which is green. Chlorophyll captures energy from sunlight to power photosynthesis.
They use the sugars they make during photosynthesis as food. This food provides the organisms with the energy they need to live.

Question:
Use the evidence in the text to select the photosynthetic organism.

0. Turkeys are large birds that eat nuts, berries, and insects. Turkeys use these foods to get energy.
1. Avocado trees make sugars from carbon dioxide and water. These trees use the sugars as food.

[Assistant]
This organism is photosynthetic:
The text tells you that avocado trees make sugars from carbon dioxide and water, and then use these sugars for food. This is evidence that the avocado tree is a photosynthetic organism.
This organism is not photosynthetic:
The text does not provide evidence that the turkey is photosynthetic.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Hugo inherited this trait?

0. Hugo's biological parents have wavy hair.
1. Hugo's biological mother has long hair. Hugo also has long hair.
2. Hugo uses a headband to keep his wavy hair out of his face.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using customary units, length may be written with units of inches, feet, yards, or miles.
There are 12 inches in 1 foot, and 3 feet in 1 yard. There are 5,280 feet in 1 mile.
A football is about 1 foot long. A football field is 100 yards long.

Question:
How long is a soccer field?

0. 360 miles
1. 360 inches
2. 360 yards
3. 360 feet

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of a soccer field is 360 feet.
360 inches is too short. 360 yards and 360 miles are too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family.

Question:
Which word is not like the others?

0. piano
1. horn
2. noise
3. drum

[Assistant]
Horn, drum, and piano go together. They are instruments. Noise is not an instrument, so it is not like the other words.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Bill inherited this trait?

0. Bill's mother cuts his hair every month.
1. Bill's parents have blond hair. They passed down this trait to Bill.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Every substance around you is made of one or more chemical elements, or types of atoms. Substances that are made of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own symbol. For some elements, the symbol is one capital letter. For other elements, the symbol is one capital letter and one lowercase letter. For example, the symbol for the element fluorine is F, and the symbol for the element beryllium is Be.
The symbol for each element in a substance is shown in the substance's chemical formula.
An elementary substance is represented by a chemical formula that contains only one symbol.
The symbol may be followed by a subscript. A subscript is text that is smaller and placed lower than the normal line of text. A subscript is included when the atoms in the elementary substance are bonded to form molecules. The subscript tells you the number of atoms in each molecule.
For example, the chemical formula for the elementary substance oxygen is O2. The formula has a subscript of 2. This subscript tells you that there are two atoms in the molecule represented by this chemical formula.
The chemical element represented by the symbol O is also called oxygen. So, the formula O2 tells you that each molecule of O2 contains two oxygen atoms.
A compound is represented by a chemical formula that contains multiple symbols.
For example, in the compound beryllium fluoride, there is one beryllium atom for every two fluorine atoms. This combination is shown in the compound's chemical formula, BeF2. In the formula, the symbol Be represents one beryllium atom. The symbol F followed by the subscript 2 represents two fluorine atoms.

Question:
Select the elementary substance.

0. cobalt (Co)
1. glucose (C6H12O6)
2. sulfur dioxide (SO2)

[Assistant]
Look at the chemical formula for each substance, and count the number of symbols in the formula. Then, decide if the substance is an elementary substance. The chemical formula for cobalt contains one symbol: Co. So, cobalt is made of one chemical element. Substances that are made of one chemical element are elementary substances. So, cobalt is an elementary substance. The chemical formula for glucose contains three symbols: C for carbon, H for hydrogen, and O for oxygen. So, glucose is made of three chemical elements bonded together. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds. So, glucose is a compound, not an elementary substance. The chemical formula for sulfur dioxide contains two symbols: S for sulfur and O for oxygen. So, sulfur dioxide is made of two chemical elements bonded together. Substances that are made of two or more chemical elements bonded together are compounds. So, sulfur dioxide is a compound, not an elementary substance.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Formal writing is used for essays, business letters, and reports. The following types of informal language should be avoided in formal writing:
Type | Examples
slang | cool, awesome
idioms | knock your socks off
conversational language | gonna, kinda, yeah
abbreviated language | ASAP, FYI
overly simple or imprecise language | he got some stuff at the store
contractions | can't, won't
Contractions are not as informal as the other types, but they should be used sparingly in formal writing.
Compare the following sentences. The first is informal. The second is formal.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but they're awesome runners.
Formal: Though ostriches are flightless, they are remarkably adept runners.

Question:
Which sentence is more formal?

0. Trisha didn't enter student politics until her junior year.
1. Trisha did not enter student politics until her junior year.

[Assistant]
The first sentence is less formal. You can tell because it uses a contraction (didn't).
The second sentence does not use a contraction, so it is more formal.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Lauren inherited this trait?

0. Lauren's parents have red hair. They passed down this trait to Lauren.
1. Lauren and her mother both wear their hair in braids.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.

Question:
Which is smoother?

0. plastic water pitcher
1. sandpaper

[Assistant]
Smooth is a property. A smooth material is not rough or bumpy.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the plastic water pitcher is smoother. If you touch the side of a plastic water pitcher, it will not feel rough or bumpy.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells.

Question:
Which is stickier?

0. wood board
1. jam

[Assistant]
Sticky is a property. A sticky material can stick to other things.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine touching the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the jam is stickier. If you touch jam, it will stick to you.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Malia has a scar on her left knee.

0. inherited
1. acquired

[Assistant]
Children do not inherit their parent's scars. Instead, scars are caused by the environment. People can get scars after they get hurt. So, having a scar is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using customary units, volume may be written in units of fluid ounces, cups, or gallons.
As the diagram shows, there are 8 fluid ounces in 1 cup and 16 cups in 1 gallon. So, 1 fluid ounce is less than 1 cup and much less than 1 gallon.
A glass of milk has a volume of about 8 fluid ounces, or 1 cup. A jug of milk has a volume of 1 gallon.

Question:
What is the volume of a bottle of cough syrup?

0. 9 gallons
1. 9 cups
2. 9 fluid ounces

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the volume of a bottle of cough syrup is 9 fluid ounces.
9 cups and 9 gallons are both too much.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.

Question:
Based on this information, what is Sarah's genotype for the Marfan syndrome gene?

0. having Marfan syndrome
1. MM

[Assistant]
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. Sarah has two alleles for having Marfan syndrome (M). So, Sarah's genotype for the Marfan syndrome gene is MM.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement and always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An imperative sentence makes a request or a demand and usually ends with a period. If a demand shows strong feeling, it can end with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An interrogative sentence asks a question and always ends with a question mark.
Given the recent critiques of her new strategic plan, do you think the CEO will reconsider the company's direction?
An exclamatory sentence is a statement that shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamation always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
Kiera felt intimidated by the steep cliff that she faced on her first rock-climbing adventure.

0. declarative
1. exclamatory
2. interrogative

[Assistant]
The sentence is a statement and ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Kelly and Sarah win the game every time.

0. past tense
1. present tense
2. future tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in present tense. You can tell because it uses a present-tense verb, win. The verb tells you about something that is true or happening now.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
In the darkness, Samantha strained her eyes.

0. future tense
1. present tense
2. past tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in past tense. You can tell because it uses a past-tense verb, strained. The verb ends in -ed and tells you about something that has already happened.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
There are more than 100 different chemical elements, or types of atoms. Chemical elements make up all of the substances around you.
A substance may be composed of one chemical element or multiple chemical elements. Substances that are composed of only one chemical element are elementary substances. Substances that are composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together are compounds.
Every chemical element is represented by its own atomic symbol. An atomic symbol may consist of one capital letter, or it may consist of a capital letter followed by a lowercase letter. For example, the atomic symbol for the chemical element fluorine is F, and the atomic symbol for the chemical element beryllium is Be.
The atomic symbol for each chemical element in a substance is shown in the substance's chemical formula.
An elementary substance is represented by a chemical formula that contains only one atomic symbol.
The atomic symbol in a chemical formula may be followed by a small number written lower than the symbol. This number is called a subscript. A subscript is included when the atoms in the elementary substance are bonded to form molecules. The subscript shows how many atoms are in each molecule.
For example, the chemical formula for the elementary substance oxygen, O2, has a subscript of 2. This subscript shows that the atomic symbol O represents two atoms. The elementary substance O2 and the chemical element represented by the atomic symbol O are both named oxygen. So, the formula tells you that each molecule of O2 contains two oxygen atoms.
A compound is represented by a chemical formula that contains multiple atomic symbols.
The chemical elements in a compound are bonded together in a fixed ratio. This ratio is shown in a compound's chemical formula.
For example, in the compound beryllium fluoride, there is one beryllium atom for every two fluorine atoms. So, the ratio of beryllium atoms to fluorine atoms is 1 to 2. This ratio is shown in the chemical formula for beryllium fluoride, BeF2. There is no subscript following the atomic symbol Be because that symbol represents one atom. The subscript 2 follows the atomic symbol F to show that the symbol represents two atoms.

Question:
Complete the statement.
Ethane is ().

0. an elementary substance
1. a compound

[Assistant]
You can tell whether ethane is an elementary substance or a compound by counting the number of atomic symbols in its chemical formula. An atomic symbol consists of either one capital letter or a capital letter followed by one or two lowercase letters.
The chemical formula for ethane, C2 H6, contains two atomic symbols: C for carbon and H for hydrogen. So, the formula tells you that ethane is composed of two chemical elements bonded together.
Since ethane is composed of multiple chemical elements bonded together, ethane is a compound.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:
1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
2. Rewrite the sentence:
Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.

Question:
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

0. Annie had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. They promptly dispatched police to investigate the scene.
1. Annie had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. The operator promptly dispatched police to investigate the scene.

[Assistant]
The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun they is used without its antecedent.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. They has been replaced with the operator.
Annie had witnessed a crime, so she made a call to report it. The operator promptly dispatched police to investigate the scene.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Vertebrates and invertebrates are both groups of animals.
A vertebrate has a backbone. The backbone is made of many bones in an animal's back. A vertebrate's backbone helps connect the different parts of its body. In the drawings below, each vertebrate's backbone is colored orange.
An invertebrate does not have a backbone. In fact, invertebrates do not have any bones! Some invertebrates have an outer cover on their body called an exoskeleton. Other invertebrates have a soft body.

Question:
Select the invertebrate.

0. Tasmanian devil
1. green sea turtle
2. turkey vulture
3. praying mantis

[Assistant]
A Tasmanian devil is a mammal. Like other mammals, a Tasmanian devil is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A green sea turtle is a reptile. Like other reptiles, a green sea turtle is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
A praying mantis is an insect. Like other insects, a praying mantis is an invertebrate. It does not have a backbone. It has an exoskeleton.
A turkey vulture is a bird. Like other birds, a turkey vulture is a vertebrate. It has a backbone.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which greeting is correct for a letter?

0. Dear ms. stewart,
1. Dear Ms. Stewart,

[Assistant]
The first greeting is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma. Ms. Stewart is capitalized because it is a proper noun.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Chemical changes and physical changes are two ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. The paper changes into ash and smoke.
In a physical change, the type of matter stays the same.
Cutting a piece of paper is a physical change. The cut pieces are still made of paper.
Ice melting is also a physical change. When ice melts, it changes from a solid to a liquid. But both ice and liquid water are made of the same type of matter: water! This kind of change is called a change of state.

Question:
Complete the sentence.
Tying a shoelace is a ().

0. chemical change
1. physical change

[Assistant]
Tying a shoelace is a physical change. The shoelace gets a different shape. But it is still made of the same type of matter.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
From the look on her face, Josie is carrying an albatross around her neck.

0. the Bible
1. a poem

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion an albatross around her neck is a poem.
In Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," a sailor shoots and kills an albatross, an action that curses the ship and crew. As his crew members die, the Ancient Mariner feels his guilt hanging like the albatross around his neck.
The allusion an albatross around her neck means a burden a person must bear.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
A clause is a group of words that contains both a subject and a predicate.
An independent clause is a complete thought. It can stand alone as a sentence. A dependent clause is not a complete thought. It cannot stand alone as a sentence.
the oranges on our tree are ripe
The clause can stand alone. It is independent.
after we pick up Kevin from work
The clause cannot stand alone. It is dependent.
A simple sentence is made up of a single independent clause.
Ben and I spent all day relaxing by the pool.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but the introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Ben usually wears his heavy coat.
Ben usually wears his heavy coat in the winter.
A compound sentence is made up of two independent clauses joined by a coordinating conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
We saw a flash of lightning, and seconds later we heard the rumble of thunder.
A complex sentence is made up of an independent clause and a dependent clause. The dependent clause usually begins with a subordinating conjunction such as after, although, as, because, before, if, since, unless, until, when, or while.
If she ever gets the chance, Terri would love to visit the Egyptian pyramids.

Question:
Which is a simple sentence?

0. I slept deeply all night long, but this morning I still feel tired.
1. In 1900, the U.S. state with the largest population was New York.

[Assistant]
The first sentence is the simple sentence. It is a single independent clause.
In 1900, the U.S. state with the largest population was New York.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down from biological parents to their offspring through genes. Genes are pieces of hereditary material that contain the instructions that affect inherited traits. Offspring receive their genes, and therefore gain their inherited traits, from their biological parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Parents do not pass acquired traits down to their offspring.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Adam inherited this trait?

0. Adam and his siblings all have naturally straight hair.
1. Adam's biological mother often wears her naturally brown hair in a bun.
2. Adam and his biological father have short hair.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.

Question:
Which letter opening is more formal?

0. Dear Mr. Boyer,
1. Dear Andrew,

[Assistant]
The first letter opening is more formal. It uses the recipient's personal title and last name. The other opening uses the recipient's first name, suggesting a more familiar relationship.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There are 1,000 grams in 1 kilogram. So, 1 gram is much less than 1 kilogram.
A paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram, while a textbook has a mass of about 1 kilogram.

Question:
What is the mass of an elephant?

0. 5,765 kilograms
1. 5,765 grams

[Assistant]
The better estimate for the mass of an elephant is 5,765 kilograms.
5,765 grams is too light.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Informal writing is typically used in casual situations or when communicating with someone you know well. Informal language often expresses familiarity and tends to sound more like speech. It uses more conversational language, such as slang, idioms, abbreviations, imprecise language, and contractions.
Formal writing is typically used in academic and business writing or when writing directly to an authority figure. It tends to be more courteous and impersonal, avoiding overly familiar or conversational language.
Compare the following sentences.
Informal: Yeah, ostriches can't fly, but I think they're awesome.
More formal: Ostriches may be flightless, but they're remarkable runners.
Most formal: Though flightless, ostriches are remarkable runners.

Question:
Which holiday greeting is more formal?

0. Happy 4th from the crew at Regan's.
1. Best wishes for an enjoyable Independence Day from the entire staff at Regan's Cafe.

[Assistant]
The first holiday greeting is more formal. It uses more elevated language (Independence Day, the entire staff). The other holiday greeting uses casual language (happy 4 th, the crew) that is more familiar in tone.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind.

Question:
What does the personification in this text suggest?
Jim tried to ignore his unfinished essay, but it glared at him from across the room.

0. It bothered Jim that the essay wasn't finished.
1. The essay was printed in large type.

[Assistant]
The text uses personification, giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
Glared at him suggests that it bothered Jim that the essay wasn't finished. The essay is like a person who is bothering Jim.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Question:
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
The air was muggy and humid today where Bill lives.

0. weather
1. climate

[Assistant]
Read the text carefully.
The air was muggy and humid today where Bill lives.
Humidity is the amount of water in the air.
This passage tells you about the humidity today where Bill lives. It describes the atmosphere at a certain place and time. So, this passage describes the weather.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Volume is a measurement of how much space something takes up.
There are many different units of volume. When you are using metric units, volume may be written in units of milliliters or liters.
There are 1,000 milliliters in 1 liter. So, 1 milliliter is much less than 1 liter.
A raindrop has a volume of about 20 milliliters, while a large soda bottle has a volume of 2 liters. The flask shown here measures volumes up to 500 milliliters.

Question:
What is the volume of a bathroom sink?

0. 10 liters
1. 10 milliliters

[Assistant]
The better estimate for the volume of a bathroom sink is 10 liters.
10 milliliters is too little.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Chemical changes and physical changes are two common ways matter can change.
In a chemical change, the type of matter changes. The types of matter before and after a chemical change are always different.
Burning a piece of paper is a chemical change. When paper gets hot enough, it reacts with oxygen in the air and burns. The paper and oxygen change into ash and smoke.
In a physical change, the type of matter stays the same. The types of matter before and after a physical change are always the same.
Cutting a piece of paper is a physical change. The cut pieces are still made of paper.
A change of state is a type of physical change. For example, ice melting is a physical change. Ice and liquid water are made of the same type of matter: water.

Question:
Complete the sentence.
A piece of apple turning brown is a ().

0. physical change
1. chemical change

[Assistant]
A piece of apple turning brown is a chemical change. The apple reacts with oxygen in the air and turns into a different type of matter.
If you scrape off the brown layer of the apple, the inside is still white. The inside hasn't touched the air. So the chemical change didn't happen to that part of the apple.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Bella plays soccer.

0. inherited
1. acquired

[Assistant]
People are not born knowing how to play soccer. Instead, some people learn how to play soccer. Playing the sport takes practice. So, playing soccer is an acquired trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
The doctor will use a stethoscope for this part.

0. present tense
1. past tense
2. future tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, use. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
In a title, capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between.
The Wind in the Willows James and the Giant Peach
These words are not important in titles:
Articles, a, an, the
Short prepositions, such as at, by, for, in, of, on, to, up
Coordinating conjunctions, such as and, but, or

Question:
Which correctly shows the title of a book?

0. Black on White
1. black on white

[Assistant]
Capitalize the first word, the last word, and every important word in between. The word on is not important, so it should not be capitalized.
The correct title is Black on White.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
All living things are made up of cells. Plants, animals, and some fungi have many cells. Other living things are made up of just one cell.
All living things need food and water. Water helps living things break down food and remove waste. Food gives living things energy. They use energy from food to grow and change.
All living things sense changes in their environment. Living things might sense changes by seeing, smelling, hearing, or feeling. Living things can respond to the changes they sense.

Question:
Select the living thing.

0. cell phone
1. giant clam
2. paper airplane
3. clay

[Assistant]
Clay is not a living thing.
Clay does not have all of the traits of a living thing. It can be formed into different shapes, but it does not grow or respond to the world around it. It does not need food or water.
A giant clam is a living thing.
Giant clams grow and respond to their environment. They need food and water. Giant clams are made up of many cells.
Giant clams are animals. They live in large shells that are attached to the ocean floor.
A cell phone is not a living thing.
A cell phone does not have all the traits of a living thing. It does many useful things, and even responds to the world around it. But it does not grow. It does not need food or water.
A paper airplane is not a living thing.
Paper airplanes do not have all of the traits of living things. They do not grow or respond to their environment. They do not need food or water.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Austin's Falstaffian nature makes him stand out at a party.

0. Shakespeare
1. the Bible

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Falstaffian is Shakespeare.
Sir John Falstaff, a comical character in several of William Shakespeare's plays, is known for his cheerful sociability and sometimes off-color humor.
The allusion Falstaffian means characterized by joviality and enjoyment of food and drink.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both less thermal energy and a lower temperature.

Question:
Which object has less thermal energy?

0. a 200-gram baked potato at a temperature of 65C
1. a 200-gram baked potato at a temperature of 35C

[Assistant]
The two baked potatoes have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 35C potato is colder than the 65C potato, it has less thermal energy.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
Keenan has never tried chocolate ice cream before, which I find astounding!

0. exclamatory
1. interrogative
2. declarative

[Assistant]
The sentence tells about something, but it shows surprise and ends with an exclamation point. It is an exclamatory sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Every object is made of one or more materials. A material is a type of matter. Wood, glass, metal, and plastic are common materials.
A material has different properties. A material's properties tell you how it looks, feels, tastes, or smells. Some examples of properties are shiny, hard, fragile, and stretchy.
For example, a shiny material reflects a lot of light. A fragile material breaks when you drop it.

Question:
Which is the most flexible?

0. paper crane
1. bone
2. rock wall

[Assistant]
Flexible is a property. A flexible material can be bent without breaking easily.
Look at each picture, one at a time. Imagine bending the material shown in each picture.
Of the choices, the paper crane is the most flexible. If you bend paper, it will not break.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Minerals are the building blocks of rocks. A rock can be made of one or more minerals.
Minerals and rocks have the following properties:
Property | Mineral | Rock
It is a solid. | Yes | Yes
It is formed in nature. | Yes | Yes
It is not made by organisms. | Yes | Yes
It is a pure substance. | Yes | No
It has a fixed crystal structure. | Yes | No
You can use these properties to tell whether a substance is a mineral, a rock, or neither.
Look closely at the last three properties:
Minerals and rocks are not made by organisms.
Organisms make their own body parts. For example, snails and clams make their shells. Because they are made by organisms, body parts cannot be  minerals or rocks.
Humans are organisms too. So, substances that humans make by hand or in factories are not minerals or rocks.
A mineral is a pure substance, but a rock is not.
A pure substance is made of only one type of matter.  Minerals are pure substances, but rocks are not. Instead, all rocks are mixtures.
A mineral has a fixed crystal structure, but a rock does not.
The crystal structure of a substance tells you how the atoms or molecules in the substance are arranged. Different types of minerals have different crystal structures, but all minerals have a fixed crystal structure. This means that the atoms and molecules in different pieces of the same type of mineral are always arranged the same way.
However, rocks do not have a fixed crystal structure. So, the arrangement of atoms or molecules in different pieces of the same type of rock may be different!

Question:
Select the one substance that is not a mineral.

0. Turquoise is a solid. It is not made by living things.
1. Wood is not a pure substance. It is a solid.
2. Chrysotile is a pure substance. It is a solid.

[Assistant]
Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of minerals. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of minerals.
Chrysotile is a mineral.
Wood is not a pure substance. But all minerals are pure substances.
So, wood is not a mineral.
Turquoise is a mineral.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using customary units, mass may be written with units of ounces, pounds, or tons.
There are 16 ounces in 1 pound and 2,000 pounds in 1 ton.
So, 1 ounce is less than 1 pound and much less than 1 ton.
A slice of bread has a mass of about 1 ounce, while a can of beans has a mass of about 1 pound. A small car has a mass of about 1 ton.

Question:
What is the mass of a bicycle?

0. 23 pounds
1. 23 ounces
2. 23 tons

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the mass of a bicycle is 23 pounds.
23 ounces is too light and 23 tons is too heavy.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
When I learned the details of Pamela's Faustian bargain, I was in disbelief.

0. literature
1. history

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Faustian bargain is literature.
In a play by Christopher Marlowe based on the legend of Faust, a man strikes a deal with the devil. Disregarding the long-term consequences of his actions, he sells his soul in exchange for power.
The allusion Faustian bargain means a compromise of one's values for personal gain.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Ben and Maria will swim in the warm pool.

0. present tense
1. future tense
2. past tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, swim. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
From the look on her face, Celine is carrying an albatross around her neck.

0. a poem
1. Egyptian history

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion an albatross around her neck is a poem.
In Samuel Taylor Coleridge's poem "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner," a sailor shoots and kills an albatross, an action that curses the ship and crew. As his crew members die, the Ancient Mariner feels his guilt hanging like the albatross around his neck.
The allusion an albatross around her neck means a burden a person must bear.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:
1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
2. Rewrite the sentence:
Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.

Question:
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

0. Lisa asked Annie to volunteer at the event, so her absence today is a surprise.
1. Lisa asked Annie to volunteer at the event, so Annie's absence today is a surprise.

[Assistant]
The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun her could refer to Lisa's or Annie's.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. Her has been replaced with Annie's.
Lisa asked Annie to volunteer at the event, so Annie's absence today is a surprise.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.
Each breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.

Question:
What does the verbal irony in this text suggest?
According to Mr. Brock's kids, his snoring is as quiet as a jackhammer.

0. The snoring is subtle.
1. The snoring is loud.

[Assistant]
The text uses verbal irony, which involves saying one thing but implying something very different.
As quiet as a jackhammer suggests that the snoring is loud. A jackhammer is not quiet, and neither is Mr. Brock's snoring.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Anthony will read his book before bed.

0. past tense
1. present tense
2. future tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, read. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:
1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
2. Rewrite the sentence:
Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.

Question:
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

0. Lucy asked Rachel to volunteer at the event, so Rachel's absence today is a surprise.
1. Lucy asked Rachel to volunteer at the event, so her absence today is a surprise.

[Assistant]
The second answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun her could refer to Lucy's or Rachel's.
The first answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. Her has been replaced with Rachel's.
Lucy asked Rachel to volunteer at the event, so Rachel's absence today is a surprise.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Before you decide to do something, it is often helpful to list costs and benefits.
Costs are what you give up or spend when you decide to do something. Costs involve giving up things that you want or need.
Benefits are what you gain or save when you decide to do something. Benefits involve gaining something that you want or need.

Question:
Suppose Shelby decides to eat the sugar cookies. Which result would be a cost?

0. Shelby will get to eat the sugar cookies. Shelby thinks sugar cookies will taste better than grapes would have.
1. Shelby will give up the chance to eat the grapes. The grapes would have been healthier than the sugar cookies.

[Assistant]
This result is a cost. It involves giving up or spending something that Shelby wants or needs:
Shelby will give up the chance to eat the grapes. The grapes would have been healthier than the sugar cookies.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter slow down, the temperature goes down. The matter now has both less thermal energy and a lower temperature.
What happens if the amount of matter changes? A 1-kilogram brick at 70F has half as much thermal energy as a 2-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the smaller brick has half as many atoms. So, it has half as much thermal energy.

Question:
Which banana has less thermal energy?

0. the hotter banana
1. the colder banana

[Assistant]
The two bananas are made of the same material and have the same mass. So, the colder banana has less thermal energy.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
The atmosphere is the layer of air that surrounds Earth. Both weather and climate tell you about the atmosphere.
Weather is what the atmosphere is like at a certain place and time. Weather can change quickly. For example, the temperature outside your house might get higher throughout the day.
Climate is the pattern of weather in a certain place. For example, summer temperatures in New York are usually higher than winter temperatures.

Question:
Does this passage describe the weather or the climate?
Morning clouds usually clear up by noon where Estelle lives.

0. climate
1. weather

[Assistant]
Read the text carefully.
Morning clouds usually clear up by noon where Estelle lives.
This passage tells you about the usual pattern of clouds where Estelle lives. It does not describe what the weather is like on a particular day. So, this passage describes the climate.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment.

Question:
What information supports the conclusion that Joy acquired this trait?

0. Joy's scar was caused by an accident. She cut her leg when she was climbing a tree.
1. Some scars fade more quickly than others.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Rodrigo's Falstaffian nature makes him stand out at a party.

0. Greek mythology
1. Shakespeare

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Falstaffian is Shakespeare.
Sir John Falstaff, a comical character in several of William Shakespeare's plays, is known for his cheerful sociability and sometimes off-color humor.
The allusion Falstaffian means characterized by joviality and enjoyment of food and drink.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Question:
Which organ lets you think?

0. heart
1. muscles
2. brain

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Temperature can be written with units of degrees Fahrenheit (F) or Celsius (C). Use the list below to compare the two units.
212F | Water boils | 100C
98.6F | Body temperature | 37C
68F | Room temperature | 20C
32F | Water freezes | 0C

Question:
What is the temperature of a cup of hot coffee?

0. 140F
1. 140C

[Assistant]
The better estimate for the temperature of a cup of hot coffee is 140F.
140C is too hot.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A force is a push or a pull.
A force can make an object start moving or stop an object that is moving. A force can also make an object speed up, slow down, or change direction.
Forces can be different sizes.
Think about trying to move a heavy object and a light object. Imagine you want to move them at the same speed. You will need to use a larger force to move the heavy object.

Question:
Cole starts to pull the wagon across the yard. To move the wagon at the same speed each time, which friend does Cole need to pull with a larger force?

0. a friend who weighs 26 pounds
1. a friend who weighs 33 pounds

[Assistant]
Look for the friend who is heavier.
A friend who weighs 33 pounds is heavier than a friend who weighs 26 pounds. So, to move the wagon at the same speed each time, Cole needs to use a larger force to start moving the wagon with a friend who weighs 33 pounds.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
David dropped out of college to travel the world, but a year later, the prodigal son returned home and re-enrolled.

0. the Bible
1. British history

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion prodigal son is the Bible.
In a Biblical parable, the prodigal son irresponsibly spends the inheritance given to him by his father. When he returns home, he expects to be shamed, but his father forgives him.
The allusion prodigal son means a person who behaves recklessly but later makes a repentant return.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There are 1,000 grams in 1 kilogram. So, 1 gram is much less than 1 kilogram.
A paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram, while a textbook has a mass of about 1 kilogram.

Question:
What is the mass of a can of soup?

0. 500 kilograms
1. 500 grams

[Assistant]
The better estimate for the mass of a can of soup is 500 grams.
500 kilograms is too heavy.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
When I learned the details of Cara's Faustian bargain, I was in disbelief.

0. history
1. literature

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion Faustian bargain is literature.
In a play by Christopher Marlowe based on the legend of Faust, a man strikes a deal with the devil. Disregarding the long-term consequences of his actions, he sells his soul in exchange for power.
The allusion Faustian bargain means a compromise of one's values for personal gain.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Mom will pitch the ball to Javier.

0. past tense
1. future tense
2. present tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, pitch. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
There are four kinds of sentences.
A declarative sentence is a statement, and it always ends with a period.
The nurse told Mr. Abrams to roll up his sleeve so that she could check his blood pressure.
An interrogative sentence is a question, and it always ends with a question mark.
Do you have any plans for the upcoming weekend?
An imperative sentence is a command. It makes a request or tells someone to do something, and it usually ends with a period. If the command shows strong feeling, it ends with an exclamation point.
For this assignment, use references to support your claims.
Don't drive so quickly in the construction zone!
An exclamatory sentence is like a statement, but it shows surprise or strong feeling. An exclamatory sentence always ends with an exclamation point.
I can't wait to travel through Europe this summer!

Question:
What kind of sentence is this?
Mr. Hickman gave a lecture on water conservation, during which he stressed the importance of not watering lawns during a drought.

0. exclamatory
1. interrogative
2. declarative

[Assistant]
The sentence tells about something, and it ends with a period. It is a declarative sentence.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Bryce picked up his pace on the trail as his spidey sense began to tingle.

0. a comic book
1. a song

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion spidey sense is a comic book.
The comic book superhero Spider-Man possesses a spidey sense that warns him of impending trouble.
The allusion spidey sense means a sense of danger coming.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A simple sentence is a sentence with only one subject and predicate.
The pitcher threw the ball to first base.
A compound sentence is two simple sentences joined by a comma and a conjunction such as and, but, or, or so.
The pitcher threw the ball, and the batter hit it.
Some simple sentences have a compound subject or a compound predicate, but they are not compound sentences.
Anna and James will watch the fireworks tonight.
This simple sentence has a compound subject, Anna and James.
The singers bowed and walked off the stage.
This simple sentence has a compound predicate, bowed and walked off the stage.
Some simple sentences have introductory phrases, but they are not compound sentences. The introductory phrase is part of the predicate.
In the winter, Farmer Ben wears his heavy coat.
This is a simple sentence. There is one subject, Farmer Ben, and one predicate, wears his heavy coat in the winter.

Question:
Which is a simple sentence?

0. The baseball player swings wildly at the baseball.
1. The campers quietly watched the animals, but the shy deer ran away.

[Assistant]
The second sentence is the simple sentence. It has one subject and predicate.
The baseball player swings wildly at the baseball.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Present tense verbs tell you about something that is happening now.
Most present-tense verbs are regular. They have no ending, or they end in -s or -es.
Two verbs are irregular in the present tense, to be and to have. You must remember their forms.
Past tense verbs tell you about something that has already happened.
Most past-tense verbs are regular. They end in -ed.
Some verbs are irregular in the past tense. You must remember their past-tense forms.
Future tense verbs tell you about something that is going to happen.
All future-tense verbs use the word will.
Present | Past | Future
walk, walks | walked | will walk
go, goes | went | will go

Question:
Which tense does the sentence use?
Mr. Livingston will deliver the envelope to Rob.

0. future tense
1. past tense
2. present tense

[Assistant]
The sentence is in future tense. You can tell because it uses will before the main verb, deliver. The verb tells you about something that is going to happen.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Organisms, including people, have both inherited and acquired traits. Inherited and acquired traits are gained in different ways.
Inherited traits are passed down through families. Children gain these traits from their parents. Inherited traits do not need to be learned.
Acquired traits are gained during a person's life. Some acquired traits, such as riding a bicycle, are gained by learning. Other acquired traits, such as scars, are caused by the environment. Children do not inherit their parents' acquired traits.

Question:
Is the following trait inherited or acquired?
Cora has naturally pale skin.

0. acquired
1. inherited

[Assistant]
Humans do not choose their skin color. Babies get their skin color from their parents. So, Cora's skin color is an inherited trait.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the mile.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving the slowest will go the shortest distance in that time. It is moving at the lowest speed.

Question:
Compare the motion of three speedboats. Which speedboat was moving at the lowest speed?

0. a speedboat that moved 290miles east in 10hours
1. a speedboat that moved 460miles west in 10hours
2. a speedboat that moved 645miles north in 10hours

[Assistant]
Look at the distance each speedboat moved and the time it took to move that distance. The direction each speedboat moved does not affect its speed.
Notice that each speedboat moved for 10 hours. The speedboat that moved 290 miles moved the shortest distance in that time. So, that speedboat must have moved at the lowest speed.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
Here, Lila alludes to the fairy tale "Cinderella," in which Cinderella must leave the ball before the coach that brought her transforms into a pumpkin. The allusion shows that Lila must depart immediately.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Kimi had her fifteen minutes when her video of kayaking with dolphins went viral.

0. modern history
1. a song

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion fifteen minutes is modern history.
In a catalog that accompanied an exhibit of his work, pop artist Andy Warhol said, "In the future, everybody will be world-famous for fifteen minutes," meaning that fame would be briefly available even to those who did nothing spectacular.
The allusion fifteen minutes means a temporary moment of celebrity status.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
An object's speed tells you how fast the object is moving. Speed depends on both distance and time.
Distance tells you how far the object has moved. One unit used to measure distance is the kilometer.
Time tells you how long the object has spent moving. One unit used to measure time is the hour.
Think about two objects moving for the same amount of time. The object that is moving slower will go a shorter distance in that time. It is moving at a lower speed.

Question:
Compare the motion of two speed walkers. Which speed walker was moving at a lower speed?

0. a speed walker who moved 70kilometers in 10hours
1. a speed walker who moved 75kilometers in 10hours

[Assistant]
Look at the distance each speed walker moved and the time it took to move that distance.
One speed walker moved 70 kilometers in 10 hours.
The other speed walker moved 75 kilometers in 10 hours.
Notice that each speed walker spent the same amount of time moving. The speed walker who moved 70 kilometers moved a shorter distance in that time. So, that speed walker must have moved at a lower speed.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Words change in meaning when speakers begin using them in new ways. For example, the word peruse once only meant to examine in detail, but it's now also commonly used to mean to look through in a casual manner.
When a word changes in meaning, its correct usage is often debated. Although a newer sense of the word may be more commonly used, many people consider a word's traditional definition to be the correct usage. Being able to distinguish the different uses of a word can help you use it appropriately for different audiences.
Britney perused her notes, carefully preparing for her exam.
The traditional usage above is considered more standard.
David perused the magazine, absentmindedly flipping through the pages.
The nontraditional usage above is now commonly used, but traditional style guides generally advise against it.

Question:
Which text uses the word peruse in its traditional sense?

0. Greg perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift.
1. Greg perused a clothing catalog as he waited for his appointment, flipping through the pages distractedly.

[Assistant]
The first text uses peruse in its traditional sense: to examine in detail.
Greg perused a catalog from his wife's favorite clothing store, searching for the perfect birthday gift.
The second text uses peruse in its nontraditional sense: to look through in a casual manner.
Greg perused a clothing catalog as he waited for his appointment, flipping through the pages distractedly.
Most style guides recommend to use the traditional sense of the word peruse because it is considered more standard.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A fact is something that can be proved to be true. Facts can be proved by observing, measuring, or studying information.
The flag of the United States has 13 stripes.
This is a fact. It can be proved by looking at the flag and counting the number of stripes.
An opinion is something that a person believes, thinks, or feels. An opinion cannot be proved true.
The flag of the United States is easy to draw.
This is an opinion. People may have different opinions about what makes a flag "easy" to draw.

Question:
Which sentence states a fact?

0. Serena Williams was too young when she started playing tennis.
1. Serena Williams began playing tennis when she was four years old.

[Assistant]
The second sentence states a fact.
Serena Williams began playing tennis when she was four years old.
It can be proved by reading a book or an article about Serena Williams.
The first sentence states an opinion.
Serena Williams was too young when she started playing tennis.
Too young shows what a person believes, thinks, or feels. Another person might have a different opinion about how young is too young.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things. It is a figure of speech that can be used to make writing more interesting or to emphasize a point.
The trees danced in the wind.
The word danced describes the trees as if they were people. Unlike people, however, trees can't actually dance. Instead, the personification suggests that the trees are moving.

Question:
Complete the sentence so that it uses personification.
Even through my heavy parka, I could still feel the icy () of winter.

0. weather
1. fingers

[Assistant]
Complete the sentence with the word fingers. It describes winter as if it were a person with fingers.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
When you are using metric units, length can be written with units of millimeters, centimeters, meters, or kilometers. One meter contains 100 centimeters or 1,000 millimeters. So, 1 meter is larger than 1 centimeter, and 1 centimeter is larger than 1 millimeter.
The tip of the pencil shown here is only 1 millimeter wide, but the pencil is about 16 centimeters long.
A red fox is about 1 meter long. The Sydney Harbour Bridge in Australia is about 1,000 meters, or 1 kilometer, in length.

Question:
How long is a hammer?

0. 20 millimeters
1. 20 centimeters
2. 20 kilometers
3. 20 meters

[Assistant]
The best estimate for the length of a hammer is 20 centimeters.
20 millimeters is too short. 20 meters and 20 kilometers are too long.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Matter is made of tiny particles called atoms. Atoms are always moving.
The energy of moving atoms is called thermal energy. The total amount of thermal energy in matter depends on three things: the type of matter, the amount of matter, and how fast the atoms are moving.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the atoms in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.
What happens if the amount of matter changes? A 2-kilogram brick at 70F has twice as much thermal energy as a 1-kilogram brick at 70F. The two bricks have the same temperature, but the larger brick has twice as many atoms. So, it has twice as much thermal energy.

Question:
Two paper towels have the same temperature but different masses. Which towel has more thermal energy?

0. the paper towel with less mass
1. the paper towel with more mass

[Assistant]
The two paper towels have the same temperature and are made of the same type of matter. So, the paper towel with more mass has more thermal energy.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Anaphora is the repetition of the same word or words at the beginning of several phrases or clauses.
We are united. We are powerful. We are winners.
Antithesis involves contrasting opposing ideas within a parallel grammatical structure.
I want to help, not to hurt.
Apostrophe is a direct address to an absent person or a nonhuman entity.
Oh, little bird, what makes you sing so beautifully?
Assonance is the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.
Try to light the fire.
Chiasmus is an expression in which the second half parallels the first but reverses the order of words.
Never let a fool kiss you or a kiss fool you.
Understatement involves deliberately representing something as less serious or important than it really is.
As you know, it can get a little cold in the Antarctic.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The inmates of my cottage, all at rest,
Have left me to that solitude, which suits
Abstruser musings. . .
Samuel Taylor Coleridge, "Frost at Midnight"

0. apostrophe
1. assonance

[Assistant]
The text uses assonance, the repetition of a vowel sound in a series of nearby words.
The words solitude, suits, abstruser, and musings share a vowel sound.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
An allusion is a brief mention of something or someone well known, often from mythology, history, or literature. An allusion lets you reference ideas from an entire story in just a few words.
The protean nature of the disease makes it difficult to diagnose.
The word protean is an allusion to the sea god Proteus in Greek mythology. Because the sea is constantly changing, to describe something as protean suggests that it is variable or in flux.

Question:
What is the source of the allusion in the sentence below?
Jacob got off the mountain by the skin of his teeth.

0. U.S. history
1. the Bible

[Assistant]
The source of the allusion by the skin of his teeth is the Bible.
In the Bible, Job complains to God about his hardships, saying that both strangers and those he loves have turned against him. He says, "My bone cleaveth to my skin and to my flesh, and I am escaped with the skin of my teeth." Scholars have long debated the exact meaning of the phrase, but many claim that Job is saying that he narrowly escaped death.
The allusion by the skin of his teeth means just barely.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Plants and animals are living things. Living things are called organisms.
Plants come in many shapes and sizes. Most plants grow in the ground. They might grow leaves, flowers, and fruit. Plants cannot move around on their own like animals can.
Animals also come in many shapes and sizes. Most animals can move around. Animals might run, swim, jump, or fly. Animals eat plants or other organisms for food.

Question:
Select the plant.

0. Mango trees have many leaves.
1. Vultures eat mammals and birds.

[Assistant]
A vulture is an animal. It eats mammals and birds.
Vultures usually do not hunt live animals. They eat animals that are already dead! This behavior is called scavenging.
A mango tree is a plant. It has many green leaves.
Mango trees can grow to over 100 feet tall!
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
When writing, make sure to avoid vague pronoun references. A vague pronoun reference occurs when a pronoun could refer to more than one possible antecedent.
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, she breathed a sigh of relief.
The pronoun she could refer to either Lisa or Kim, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
Vague pronoun references can be corrected in one of two ways:
1. Replace the pronoun with its correct antecedent:
When Lisa and Kim finally landed, Lisa breathed a sigh of relief.
2. Rewrite the sentence:
Lisa breathed a sigh of relief when she and Kim finally landed.
A vague pronoun reference also occurs when they, them, their, theirs, it, or its is used without its antecedent.
They say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.
The pronoun they is used without its antecedent, so the meaning of the sentence is unclear.
This problem can be fixed by replacing the pronoun with its missing antecedent.
The advertisements say that this nail polish dries in less than five minutes.

Question:
Which of the following contains a vague pronoun reference?

0. Jim, did you ask them if the flu vaccination is available yet?
1. Jim, did you ask the nurses if the flu vaccination is available yet?

[Assistant]
The first answer choice contains a vague pronoun reference. The pronoun them is used without its antecedent.
The second answer choice shows a possible correction for the vague pronoun reference. Them has been replaced with the nurses.
Jim, did you ask the nurses if the flu vaccination is available yet?
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Everything you can buy is either a good or a service.
A good is something you can touch or hold in your hands. For example, a hammer is a good.
A service is a job you pay someone else to do. For example, cooking food in a restaurant is a service.

Question:
Is baking a cake a good or a service?

0. a service
1. a good

[Assistant]
To decide whether baking a cake is a good or a service, ask these questions:
Is baking a cake something you can touch? No.
Is baking a cake a job you might pay someone else to do? Yes.
So, baking a cake is a service.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family.

Question:
Which word is not like the others?

0. nice
1. big
2. tall
3. short

[Assistant]
Short, big, and tall go together. They are size words. Nice is not a size word, so it is not like the other words.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
A letter starts with a greeting and ends with a closing. For each one, capitalize the first word and end with a comma. You should also capitalize proper nouns, such as Aunt Sue.
Dear Aunt Sue,
I'm glad you could come to my party, and
thank you for the birthday gift. I could not have
asked for a better one! Every time I see it, I think
of you.
With love,
Rory

Question:
Which closing is correct for a letter?

0. Thank you,
Oliver
1. thank you,
Oliver

[Assistant]
The first closing is correct:
Its first word is capitalized, and it ends with a comma.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Some words are alike. They go together in a group.
Red, blue, and green go together. They are colors.
Mom, dad, grandma, and grandpa go together. They are people in a family.

Question:
Which word is not like the others?

0. snow
1. sun
2. rain
3. house

[Assistant]
Rain, sun, and snow go together. They are weather words. House is not a weather word, so it is not like the other words.
Therefore my final answer is: 3


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Imagine being told that the bus leaves in 7. You might be thinking, 7 what? Does the bus leave in 7 minutes? 7 seconds?
The number 7 on its own does not give you much information about when the bus is leaving. That is because the units are missing.
Time is usually measured in units of seconds, minutes, or hours. It takes about 1 second to sneeze and 1 minute to get dressed in the morning. It takes about 1 hour to bake a pie in the oven.
There are 60 seconds in 1 minute. So, 1 second is much less than 1 minute.
There are 60 minutes in 1 hour. So, 1 minute is much less than 1 hour.

Question:
How long does it take to blow your nose?

0. 3 seconds
1. 3 minutes

[Assistant]
The better estimate for how long it takes to blow your nose is 3 seconds.
3 minutes is too slow.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Question:
All organisms need food for energy. But how does an organism's body actually get energy out of food?
Select the true statement.

0. Cells usually take in large food molecules.
1. Molecules from food can provide energy to cells.

[Assistant] Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Rocks are made of minerals. Here are some properties of rocks:
They are solid.
They are formed in nature.
They are not made by living things.
They are not pure substances.

Question:
Select the one substance that is not a rock.

0. Basalt is not made by living things. It is not a pure substance.
1. Quartzite is not a pure substance. It is a solid.
2. Candle wax is made by humans. It is not a pure substance.

[Assistant]
Compare the properties of each substance to the properties of rocks. Select the substance whose properties do not match those of rocks.
Basalt is a rock.
Quartzite is a rock.
Candle wax is made by humans. But rocks are not made by living things.
So, candle wax is not a rock.
Therefore my final answer is: 2


[User]
Measurements are written with both a number and a unit. The unit comes after the number. The unit shows what the number means.
Mass is a measurement of how much matter something contains.
There are many different units of mass. When you are using metric units, mass may be written with units of grams or kilograms.
There are 1,000 grams in 1 kilogram. So, 1 gram is much less than 1 kilogram.
A paper clip has a mass of about 1 gram, while a textbook has a mass of about 1 kilogram.

Question:
What is the mass of a guitar?

0. 3 grams
1. 3 kilograms

[Assistant]
The better estimate for the mass of a guitar is 3 kilograms.
3 grams is too light.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
Figures of speech are words or phrases that use language in a nonliteral or unusual way. They can make writing more expressive.
Alliteration is the repetition of sounds at the beginning of nearby words.
What a lucky little lady you are!
An allusion is a brief reference to something or someone well known, often from history or literature.
"I'd better get home before I turn into a pumpkin!" Lila remarked.
An idiom is an expression that cannot be understood literally. Its meaning must be learned.
The assignment was a piece of cake.
A simile uses like or as to compare two things that are not actually alike.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
A metaphor compares two things that are not actually alike without using like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
Onomatopoeia involves using a word that expresses a sound.
The scrambled eggs hit the floor with a splat.
Personification is giving human characteristics to nonhuman things.
The trees danced in the wind.
A pun involves using a word or phrase in a humorous way that suggests more than one meaning.
A great new broom is sweeping the nation.
Verbal irony involves saying one thing but implying something very different. People often use verbal irony when they are being sarcastic.
Olivia seems thrilled that her car keeps breaking down.
Each breakdown is as enjoyable as a punch to the face.

Question:
Which figure of speech is used in this text?
The hum of the computer concerned Edmond. Was the problem with the power supply or the hard drive?

0. metaphor
1. onomatopoeia

[Assistant]
The text uses onomatopoeia, a word that expresses a sound.
Hum represents the sound the computer was making.
Therefore my final answer is: 1


[User]
All solids, liquids, and gases are made of matter. Matter is made up of tiny particles that are always moving. The energy from the motion of these particles is called thermal energy.
Temperature measures how hot or cold matter is. If the particles in matter move faster, the temperature goes up. The matter now has both more thermal energy and a higher temperature.

Question:
Which object has more thermal energy?

0. a pot of spaghetti sauce at a temperature of 115F
1. a pot of spaghetti sauce at a temperature of 105F

[Assistant]
The two pots of spaghetti sauce have the same mass but different temperatures. Since the 115F pot of spaghetti sauce is hotter than the 105F pot of spaghetti sauce, it has more thermal energy.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
All organisms have pieces of hereditary material called genes, which are passed from parents to offspring. Genes contain instructions for building the parts of an organism. An organism's genes affect its observable traits, including its appearance, its behavior, and which diseases it may have. Genes may have different alleles, or forms, that can cause different versions of a trait.
For example, flower color is a trait in pea plants. The gene for this trait has two possible alleles. Each allele is represented by an uppercase or lowercase letter. The allele F is for purple flowers, and the allele f is for white flowers. Each pea plant has two alleles for the flower color geneone allele inherited from each parent.
An organism's genotype for a gene is its combination of alleles for that gene. So, a pea plant may have a genotype of FF, Ff, or ff for the flower color gene.
An organism's phenotype for a trait is its observable version of that trait, which depends on the organism's combination of alleles. A pea plant may have a phenotype of purple flowers or white flowers for the flower color trait.
Some traits, like flower color in pea plants, are controlled by a single gene. Most plants and animals have a genotype made up of two alleles for these traits. These two alleles determine whether an organism is homozygous or heterozygous for the gene.
An organism with two identical alleles for a gene is homozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype FF or ff is homozygous for the flower color gene.
An organism with two different alleles for a gene is heterozygous for that gene. A pea plant with the genotype Ff is heterozygous for the flower color gene.
The types of alleles in an organism's genotype determine the organism's phenotype. Some alleles have types called dominant and recessive. These two types can cause different versions of a trait to appear as the organism's phenotype.
A dominant allele causes its version of the trait to appear even when the organism also has a recessive allele for the gene. In pea plants, the F allele, which causes purple flowers, is dominant over the f allele. A pea plant with at least one F allele will have the F allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype FF or Ff will have purple flowers.
A recessive allele causes its version of the trait to appear only when the organism does not have any dominant alleles for the gene. In pea plants, the f allele, which causes white flowers, is recessive to the F allele. A pea plant with only f alleles will have the f allele's version of the flower color trait. So, a plant with the genotype ff will have white flowers.

Question:
Based on this information, what is this trout's phenotype for the body color trait?

0. a greenish-brown body
1. a blue body

[Assistant]
You need to determine the rainbow trout's phenotype for the body color trait. First, consider the alleles in the trout's genotype for the body color gene. Then, decide whether these alleles are dominant or recessive.
The allele for a blue body (b) is recessive to the allele for a greenish-brown body (B). This means B is a dominant allele, and b is a recessive allele.
The rainbow trout's genotype of Bb has one dominant allele and one recessive allele. An organism with at least one dominant allele for a gene will have the dominant allele's version of the trait. So, the rainbow trout's phenotype for the body color trait must be a greenish-brown body.
Therefore my final answer is: 0


[User]
Similes and metaphors are figures of speech that compare two things that are not actually alike.
A simile compares two things by saying that one is like the other. Similes often use the words like and as.
My sister runs like a cheetah.
The sister's running and a cheetah's running are compared using the word like.
A cheetah is known for running fast, so the simile means that the sister also runs fast.
The cat's fur was as dark as the night.
The cat's fur and the night are compared using the word as.
The night is dark, so the simile means that the cat's fur is also dark.
A metaphor compares two things by saying that one of them is the other. Unlike similes, metaphors don't use the word like or as.
The snow formed a blanket over the town.
The snow and a blanket are compared without the word like or as.
A blanket is a large piece of cloth that completely covers a bed. The metaphor makes the reader imagine that the snow becomes a blanket, covering the town completely.
Using similes and metaphors in your writing can help you create an interesting picture for the reader.

Question:
Does the sentence use a simile or a metaphor?
Pete swam with ease across the swimming pool, like a dolphin.

0. simile
1. metaphor

[Assistant]
Pete swam with ease across the swimming pool, like a dolphin.
The words Pete and dolphin are compared using the word like. So, the sentence uses a simile.
Therefore my final answer is: 0