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Browse files- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967.json +133 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +139 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/The Mishneh Torah by Maimonides. trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/Hebrew/Torat Emet 370.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/Hebrew/Wikisource Mishneh Torah.json +227 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/English/Jad Haghasakkah, trans. by L. Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851. Corrected and edited by Igor Itkin - German [de].json +73 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/English/Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967.json +51 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json +76 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +37 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/English/The Mishneh Torah by Maimonides. trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json +75 -0
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- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/English/Based on trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json +44 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json +0 -0
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- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/Mechon Mamre.json +44 -0
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- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/just the first two halachot.json +29 -0
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- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Jad Haghasakkah, trans. by L. Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851. Corrected and edited by Igor Itkin - German [de].json +93 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967.json +47 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json +0 -0
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- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/The Mishneh Torah by Maimonides. trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json +95 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Zachary Kleiman Mishneh Torah.json +29 -0
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- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967.json +91 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +103 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Sefaria Edition.json +51 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/The Mishneh Torah by Maimonides. trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json +196 -0
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- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json +60 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/English/merged.json +60 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/Hebrew/Torat Emet 370.json +0 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/Hebrew/Wikisource Mishneh Torah.json +105 -0
- json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/Hebrew/merged.json +0 -0
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967.json
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{
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"language": "en",
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Blessings",
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"versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH002108864",
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"versionTitle": "Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967",
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"status": "locked",
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"priority": 1.0,
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"digitizedBySefaria": true,
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื ืืืจืืืดื, ื ืขืจื ืืืื ืคืืืืค ืืืจื ืืืื, ื ืื ืืืจืง 1967",
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"shortVersionTitle": "Philip Birnbaum, 1967",
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"purchaseInformationImage": "https://storage.googleapis.com/sefaria-physical-editions/4b82435f5a510ebc30f3abd06880521b.png",
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"actualLanguage": "en",
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"languageFamilyName": "english",
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"isBaseText": false,
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"isSource": false,
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"direction": "ltr",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืืจืืืช",
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"categories": [
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"Halakhah",
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"Mishneh Torah",
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"Sefer Ahavah"
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],
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"text": [
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[
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"It is a biblical positive command to recite grace after meals, as it is written: \"When you have eaten your fill, bless the Lord your God\" (Deuteronomy 8:10). One is biblically obligated to recite the grace only when sated, since it is written <i>when you have eaten your fill, bless</i>. But on rabbinic grounds, one is to recite grace after eating anything the size of an olive.",
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"By rabbinical enactment, one should recite a blessing before enjoying any food. He should even recite a blessing before eating or drinking anything at all. So too, one should recite a blessing before enjoying a sweet fragrance. Whoever enjoys anything without a blessing commits sacrilege. Similarly, by rabbinical enactment, one should recite grace after eating or drinking anything; that is, if he drinks a quarter of a <i>log</i> [equal to the contents of an egg and a half] or eats an olive's bulk. Mere tasting requires no blessing either before or after, if it is less than a quarter of a <i>log</i>.",
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"Just as blessings are recited over food enjoyment, so must we recite a blessing before the performance of each religious duty. The sages instituted many blessings in the form of praise, thanksgiving, and petition, in order to have God in mind constantly, even when one does not partake of food and drink or perform a religious duty.",
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"",
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"",
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"All blessings may be recited in any language, provided that they are in the form instituted by the sages. If one has changed the formula, he has nevertheless fulfilled his duty, since the divine name and sovereignty as well as the subject matter of the blessing have been mentioned, even though in a secular language.",
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"One should recite all blessings audibly enough for himself to hear what he is saying; but if he did not recite them audibly, he has nevertheless fulfilled his duty, whether he uttered them with his lips or recited them in his mind.",
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"There must be no pause between any blessing and the object for which it is pronounced. If such a pause has occurred, the blessing must be repeated. If the interruption was due to anything pertaining to the blessing, the blessing should not be repeated. If, for example, one recited the blessing over bread, and before eating he said: \"Bring salt, bring the cooked food, give food to so-and-so, feed the animals,\" he should not repeat the blessing.",
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"",
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"",
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"Anyone who hears a blessing from beginning to end, thereby intending to fulfill his duty, has fulfilled his duty even if he has failed to answer <i>Amen</i>. Whoever answers <i>Amen</i> after a blessing recited by someone else is regarded as if he has recited it himself, provided that the person who recites the blessing is obliged to do so. โ โ",
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"When many people assembled to eat bread or drink wine, and one of them recited the blessing while all the rest answered <i>Amen</i>, they are permitted to eat and drink.โ โ",
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"Whoever hears a Jew recite a blessing has to answer <i>Amen</i>, even if he has not heard the entire blessing from beginning to end.โ โ",
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"",
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"Whoever recites a blessing in vain is like one who takes the name of God in vain or swears in vain. It is forbidden to answer <i>Amen</i> after such a blessing. Children are taught the blessings in their regular form. This is permitted, even though they recite the blessings in vain during the study period. We should not answer <i>Amen</i> after them; he who answers <i>Amen</i> after them does not fulfill his duty."
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],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[
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"",
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"If three eat bread together, they should say an introductory blessing before the grace. It is as follows: if the table companions number from three to ten, one of them leads by saying: \"Let us bless him whose food we have eaten.\" And they respond: \"Blessed be he whose food we have eaten and through whose goodness we live.\" The leader then repeats: \"Blessed be he whose food we have eaten and through whose goodness we live.\"",
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"",
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"If the table companions number ten or more, the introductory blessing includes the name of God. The leader says: \"Let us bless our God whose food we have eaten.\" And they respond: \"Blessed be our God whose food we have eaten and through whose goodness we live.\" The leader then repeats: \"Blessed be our God whose food we have eaten and through whose goodness we live.\" And he begins the grace.",
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"If two eat together, each of them says grace for himself. If one knows the grace and the other does not, the one who knows should recite it aloud while the other should answer <i>Amen</i> after each blessing, thus fulfilling his duty.โ โ",
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"",
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"If one joins a group of people who are about to recite grace, and hears the leader say: \"Let us bless,\" he should respond: \"Blessed be he.\" If he hears the table companions answer: \"Blessed be he whose food we have eaten,\" he should respond <i>Amen</i>."
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],
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[
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"Anyone who eats bread for which the blessing <i>Hammotzi</i> is required must wash his hands before and after the meal. Even if it is ordinary, unconsecrated bread and his hands are not soiled and he is unaware of any uncleanness, he must not eat until he has washed his hands.โ โ",
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"Anyone who washes his hands, whether before eating or reciting the <i>Shema</i> or the <i>Amidah</i> prayer, should first say: \"Blessed โฆ who hast sanctified us with thy commandments, and commanded us concerning the washing of the hands.\" This is an enactment by the sages, and we are commanded to obey them, as it is written: \"You shall be careful to do according to the instruction which they give you\" (Deuteronomy 17:11). No blessing is pronounced over the washing of hands after meals, since it is merely a precautionary measure against danger to health. One should therefore carefully wash his hands after meals.",
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"One should dry his hands before eating. Anyone who eats without first drying his hands is like one who eats unclean bread.โ โ"
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],
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[],
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[
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"Over fruits growing on trees the initial blessing is \"who createst the fruit of the tree,\" and at the end, after the eating, \"who createst many living beings and the things they need.\" The five species of fruit mentioned in the Torah form an exception. They are: grapes, pomegranates, figs, olives and dates. After eating any of these, one blessing is recited that sums up the first three blessings of the grace after meals. Over fruit that grows on the ground and over green vegetables the initial blessing is \"who createst the fruit of the earth,\" and at the end, \"who createst many living beings.\" Over food that does not grow from the soil, such as meat, cheese, fish, eggs, water, milk and honey, the initial blessing is \"by whose word all things come into being,\" and at the end, \"who createst many living beings.\" A person who drinks water not to quench his thirst is not required to say a blessing before or after.",
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"If one took a glass of strong drink [other than wine] and began the blessing, intending to say \"by whose word all things come into being,\" but made a mistake and said instead \"who createst the fruit of the vine,\" he should not be made to repeat the blessing correctly. So too, if he had in front of him fruits that grow from the soil, and he began reciting the blessing \"who createst the fruit of the earth\" but made a mistake and said instead \"who createst the fruit of the tree,\" he should not be made to repeat the blessing correctly; because when he utterd the divine name and declared the sovereignty of God, the essential part of the blessing, he intended to pronounce the blessing appropriate to that particular kind of food only. Since there was no error in the essential part of the blessing, even though he made a mistake at the end, he fulfilled his duty, and he should not be made to repeat the blessing correctly."
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],
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[],
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[
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"",
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"",
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"On hearing good news, one should say: \"Blessed art thou, Lord our God, King of the universe, who art good and beneficent.\" On hearing bad news, one should say: \"Blessed be the true Judge.\" One is required to bless goodheartedly for the evil, even as he blesses for the good joyously.โ โ",
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"When a person has attained good fortune or heard good news, even though the indications are that the good will cause him evil, he should say \"who art good and beneficent.\" So too, if disaster has overtaken him, or he has heard evil tidings, even though the indications are that the evil will result in good, he should say: \"Blessed be the true Judge.\" The blessings we recite refer to what has happened and not to future events.",
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"In sum: One should always pray for what is still to come, and offer praise for past events, lauding and praising as much as possible. The more anyone praises God at all times, the more praise he deserves himself."
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]
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],
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"sectionNames": [
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"Chapter",
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"Halakhah"
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]
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}
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
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1 |
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{
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2 |
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"language": "en",
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3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Blessings",
|
4 |
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"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
|
5 |
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"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
6 |
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"license": "CC0",
|
7 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืจืืื ืงืืืืช ืกืคืจืื",
|
8 |
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"actualLanguage": "en",
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"direction": "ltr",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืืจืืืช",
|
14 |
+
"categories": [
|
15 |
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"Halakhah",
|
16 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
17 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
18 |
+
],
|
19 |
+
"text": [
|
20 |
+
[
|
21 |
+
"Itโs a positive mitzvah from the Torah to bless after eating food, as it says, โAnd you shall eat, and you shall be satisfied, and you shall bless HaShem your God.โ And there is no obligation from the Torah unless there he is satiated, as it says, โAnd you shall eat, and you shall be satisfied, and you shall bless,โ but the words of the scribes [from the rabbis] [if] he ate even the size of an olive, he bless after. ",
|
22 |
+
"According to our sages [also], bless upon all food that we eat in at the beginning and after that the enjoyments from it. And even if one intends to eat or drink anything he wants, he blesses. And after that, enjoy itโฆ. And all the enjoyment in not blessing is misappropriated. It is also a rabbinic saying that one should bless after anything that one eats and whatever one drinks. This is the case when one that drinks 4 milliliters and one that eats an olive-sizes food item. And a taster doesnโt need a bโracha before or after for up to a 4 milliliter taste. ",
|
23 |
+
"And like the name that the blessing over the enjoyment thus the blessing over all the mitzvah and the mitzvah and after that do it. Our sages established many blessings, expressions of praise and thanks, and ways of requests in order to remember the creator always even if there is no enjoyment and no positive mitzvah. ",
|
24 |
+
"So it is that there are three forms of blessing: blessing for deriving benefit, blessing for fulfilling a mitzvah, and blessing of thanks. Expressions of praise and gratitude and requests in order to remember the Creator always and to see from them. ",
|
25 |
+
"And the rites of all blessings were established by Ezra and his Beit Din. And one should not change them and not add to them or subtract from any of it. And all the text formula that the sages formulated in the blessings only tinkers it. And each blessing that doesnโt contain the mentioning of HaShem and Sovereignty is not a blessing, unless it was attached to its fellow blessing. ",
|
26 |
+
"And all of all the blessings are said in every tongue. Namely, one that says like the eye of [the essence of] that which the sages established. And if one changes the formula, since he mentioned the mention [of the Name] and Sovereignty, and the essence of the blessing, even in the vernacular tongue, he has fulfilled his obligation. ",
|
27 |
+
"All of every blessing needs to be made audible to his ears what he says. And if he doesnโt cause his ear to hear it he has still fulfilled his obligation, whether it comes out his lips or that he blessed in his heart. ",
|
28 |
+
"",
|
29 |
+
"",
|
30 |
+
"",
|
31 |
+
"",
|
32 |
+
"",
|
33 |
+
"",
|
34 |
+
"",
|
35 |
+
"",
|
36 |
+
"Anyone who answers โAmenโ after his own brachot, such a person is a disgrace. However, if one answer โamenโ at the conclusion of a blessing that is the end of a series of concluding blessings, this is praiseworthy. This is the case after โbuilding of Jerusalemโ in the Birkat HaMazon and after the blessing concluding the Keriat Shema of the evening. And thus in the end of the end of the bracha that end the concluding blessing in it, he who says โamenโ after that. ",
|
37 |
+
"Why would one say โamenโ after โbuilding Jerusalemโ and this concluding the blessings of goodness and making good. Because that this blessing is established from the days of the sages of the Mishnah, and it is as if it was like the Tosefta. But the end of the essence of the blessing of the Birkat Hamazon has โboneh Yirushalyimโ. And why does one not say โamenโ after the โAhavat Olamโ, which is the last of the first blessings of the keriat shema, and so all are like as though they have fulfilled the obligation in it from the blessing that blessed its praise to speak like the case of the blessings that bless before the keriat Megillah and the lighting of the Hanukkah candles? In order that one not interrupt with an โamenโ between the blessing and the subject of the blessing. ",
|
38 |
+
"",
|
39 |
+
"Anyone who eats a thing that is forbidden whether it is intentional or mistaken, there is not blessing over it. Not at the beginning and not at the end. How is this implied? Behold, the tithe of the rabbis, or the first tithes, that the terumah is not separate or the second pledge that wasnโt divvied up as in its proper way. One does not bless and do not need to say if one ate treyf (an animal killed but not in correct kosher slaughter) or niveilah (carrion) or drank wine libations and the like in it. "
|
40 |
+
],
|
41 |
+
[],
|
42 |
+
[],
|
43 |
+
[],
|
44 |
+
[
|
45 |
+
"Women and Slaves are obligated in Birkat HaMazon, and there is a doubt in the matter, whether they are biblically obligated because there is no fixed time, or whether they are not biblically obligated. Therefore, they do not fulfill the requirement for adult [men]. But minors are obligated in Birkat HaMazon by the words of the Scribes to teach them the commandments.",
|
46 |
+
"Three that ate bread as one (together) is obligated to bless Birkat HaZimun. Preceding Birkat Hamazon and what is Birkat HaZimun? If they that ate from the three to the ten bless one, from them, and saying โLet us bless because we ate from Hisโ and all answer โBlessed be for we have eaten from that which is His, and by His goodness, we live.โ And he responds and blesses โBlessed be for we have eaten from that which is His, and by His goodness, we live.โ",
|
47 |
+
"",
|
48 |
+
"",
|
49 |
+
"",
|
50 |
+
"",
|
51 |
+
"",
|
52 |
+
"",
|
53 |
+
"",
|
54 |
+
"",
|
55 |
+
"",
|
56 |
+
"",
|
57 |
+
"",
|
58 |
+
"",
|
59 |
+
"",
|
60 |
+
"",
|
61 |
+
"If one enters a place of others and finds them blessing with Grace After Meals, if he found the one blessing saying \"let us bless\", he responds: \"Blessed is He and may He be blessed\"; if he found the eaters responding \"blessed is He from whom we have eaten\", he responds \"amen\" after them. "
|
62 |
+
],
|
63 |
+
[
|
64 |
+
"Anyone who eats bread, which we bless ha-motzi [who brings out]\" over, requires washing of the hands at the beginning and end [of the meal]. And [this is the case] even though the bread is ordinary [i.e. not consecrated] and even though his hands are not dirty, and he does not know of any ritual impurity regarding them, he does not eat until he washes his two hands. And so too any matter of dipping in liquids - it requires washing of the hands at the beginning.",
|
65 |
+
"Anyone who washes his hands, whether for eating or for reciting the Sh'ma or for prayer, blesses at the beginning, \"who made us holy with His commandments and commanded us regarding washing of hands\", since this is a commandment of the Sages, [and] we are commanded from the Torah to listen to them, as was said, \"according to Torah which they instruct you\" (Deut. 17:11). And latter water [i.e. washing] - we do not bless over it since it is for none other than because of the danger, and therefore a person is obligated to be exceedingly careful regarding it.",
|
66 |
+
"",
|
67 |
+
"",
|
68 |
+
"",
|
69 |
+
"",
|
70 |
+
"",
|
71 |
+
"",
|
72 |
+
"",
|
73 |
+
"",
|
74 |
+
"",
|
75 |
+
"",
|
76 |
+
"",
|
77 |
+
"",
|
78 |
+
"",
|
79 |
+
"",
|
80 |
+
"",
|
81 |
+
"",
|
82 |
+
"",
|
83 |
+
"A person needs to dry his hands and afterwards eat. And anyone who eats without drying hands, it is like eating ritually impure bread. And anyone who washes his hands in the latter [washing] dries and afterwards blesses, and proceeds immediately from washing of hands to Grace After Meals. One does not interrupt between them for any other matter, even to drink water. After he washes his hands in the latter [washing], it is forbidden until he blesses Grace After Meals."
|
84 |
+
],
|
85 |
+
[
|
86 |
+
"",
|
87 |
+
"",
|
88 |
+
"",
|
89 |
+
"",
|
90 |
+
"",
|
91 |
+
"Two wait for each other [to take from] the plate. Three don't wait. If two of the three finished, the third stops with them. If one of them finished, the [other] two don't stop, but instead, keep eating until they finish. We don't converse during a meal, so as not to come to danger. And therefore, if wine arrived in the middle of the meal, each one makes his own blessing, since if one blesses and another answers, someone who says \"Amen\" while swallowing will come to danger. And we don't look at the face of someone who is eating or at his serving, so as not to embarrass him."
|
92 |
+
],
|
93 |
+
[
|
94 |
+
"The blessings to be made upon all fruits of the tree are, before [eating] \"...who creates the fruit of the tree\", and after \"...who creates many souls...\", except the five species which are written in the <i>Torah</i>, namely: grapes, pomegranates, figs, olives, and dates, after which one makes the threefold blessing. And on fruits of the earth and vegetables, one makes the blessing, before: \"...who creates the fruit of the earth\", and after \"...who creates many souls...\". Things which do not grow from the ground, such as meat, cheese, fish, eggs, water, milk, honey, and so on, before [eating] one makes the blessing \"...that all...\", and after \"...who creates many souls...\". And one who drinks water for purposes other than to quench his thirst does not require a blessing, neither before nor after.",
|
95 |
+
"",
|
96 |
+
"",
|
97 |
+
"",
|
98 |
+
"",
|
99 |
+
"",
|
100 |
+
"",
|
101 |
+
"",
|
102 |
+
"",
|
103 |
+
"",
|
104 |
+
"The one who took a cup of strong drink in his hand and began the blessing intending to say \"...that all...\", but erred and said \"...who creates fruit of the vine\", we do not make him return [and say the correct blessing]. And similarly if there were fruits of the earth before him and he began the blessing intending to say \"...who creates fruit of the earth\", but errs and says \"...who creates fruit of the tree\", we do not make him go back. And similarly, if a cooked dish of grain was before him and he opened intending to say \"...who creates types of foods\", but erred and said \"...who brings out\", he has fulfilled his obligation because at the time that he mentioned the Name and the kingship, which are the essence of the blessing, he had no other intention but for the appropriate blessing for that type, and since the essence of the blessing was not in error, despite that he erred in its ending, he fulfilled [his obligation], and we do not make him go back."
|
105 |
+
],
|
106 |
+
[
|
107 |
+
"Just as it is forbidden for a person to enjoy a food or drink before blessing, so it is forbidden for him to enjoy a good smell before blessing. And how should he bless on a good smell? If it was this that it is possible to smell wood or a kind of wood, he blesses \"the Creator of woods of incense.\" And if it was grass or a kind of grass, he blesses \"the Creator of grasses of incense.\" And if it was not from wood and not from the ground, such as myrrh, which is from an animal, he blesses \"the Creator of types of incense.\" And if it was a fruit that is fit to eat, such as a citron or apple, he blesses \"Who put good smell into fruits.\" And on all of them, if he said \"the Creator of types of incense,\" he discharged his obligation."
|
108 |
+
],
|
109 |
+
[
|
110 |
+
"",
|
111 |
+
"",
|
112 |
+
"",
|
113 |
+
"",
|
114 |
+
"",
|
115 |
+
"",
|
116 |
+
"",
|
117 |
+
"",
|
118 |
+
"",
|
119 |
+
"",
|
120 |
+
"",
|
121 |
+
"On seeing a Cushite [Rabbinic euphemism for a person of color], or anyone unusual in facial appearance or conformation of his limbs, one says, \"Blessed art Thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, Who variest the forms of creatures.\" On seeing a blind person, a person with a physical disability, or one afflicted with boils or tetters, etc. the blessing said is \"Blessed art Thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, the true Judge.\" If the affliction is congenital, the blessing is \"Who variest the forms of creatures.\" On seeing an elephant, an ape or an owl one says, \"Blessed be He Who varieth the forms of creatures.\""
|
122 |
+
],
|
123 |
+
[
|
124 |
+
"",
|
125 |
+
"",
|
126 |
+
"",
|
127 |
+
"",
|
128 |
+
"",
|
129 |
+
"",
|
130 |
+
"",
|
131 |
+
"",
|
132 |
+
"Any [performance of positive] commandments that comes from time to time (i.e. during the calendar year), such as shofar, sukkah, lulav, reading of the megillah, lighting of Hannukah candles, as well as any [positive] commandment that involves personal acquisition, such as tzitzit, tefillin, mezuzah, installment of a railing, as well as a [positive] commandment that is not routine and is not available to perform at any time, as it is similar to a [positive] commandment that comes from time to time, such as the circumcision and redemption of one's son, a \"shehechiyanu\" blessing is said on the [positive] commandment at the time it is performed. And if one did not make the blessing on sukkah and lulav and the like at the time the commandment was performed, one may make the \"shehechiyanu\" blessing at the time that his obligation to perform the commandment is fulfilled and similarly for like cases."
|
133 |
+
]
|
134 |
+
],
|
135 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
136 |
+
"Chapter",
|
137 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
138 |
+
]
|
139 |
+
}
|
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/English/merged.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/Hebrew/Wikisource Mishneh Torah.json
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[
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"ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืจื ืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืช ืืืจืืช ืืช ืื' ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืข ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืช ืืืจืืช ืืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืจืื.",
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24 |
+
"ืืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืืืจื ืขื ืื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืคืืื ื ืชืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืื\"ื ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืจืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ื ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืื ืืจืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืืืจื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืขืืช ืืื ื ืฆืจืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืขื ืจืืืขืืช.",
|
25 |
+
"ืืืฉื ืฉืืืจืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืื ืืฆืื ืืืฆืื ืืื\"ื ืืขืฉื ืืืชื ืืืจืืืช ืจืืืช ืชืงื ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืงืฉื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ื ืื ื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืฆืื.",
|
26 |
+
"ื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืจืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืฆืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืงืฉื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ื.",
|
27 |
+
"ืื ืืกื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืขืืจื ืืืืช ืืื ื ืชืงื ืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืฉื ืืชื ืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืข ืืื ื ืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืืืืข ืฉืืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืืืขื ืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืืจืช ืืฉื ืืืืืืช ืืื ื ืืจืื ืื\"ื ืืืชื ืกืืืื ืืืืืจืชื.",
|
28 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืขืื ืฉืชืงื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืช ืืืืืข ืืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืืืืช ืืขื ืื ืืืจืื ืืคืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืฆื.",
|
29 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืฉืืืข ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืข ืืืื ื ืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืืฆืื ืืฉืคืชืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืื.",
|
30 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืคืกืืง ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืืขื ืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืืื ืืืฆื ืืืื ืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืคืช ืืงืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืชืืฉืื ืชื ื ืืคืืื ื ืืืืื ืชื ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื.",
|
31 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืจื ืืฉืืื ืขืจืื ืขื ืฉืืืกื ืขืจืืชื ืื\"ื ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืฉืืช ืืคื ืื ืืืืืช ืืงืจืงืข ืืืืจืืช.",
|
32 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืฃ ืข\"ืค ืฉืืืจื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืืฅ ืืืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ื ืขืืื ืืื ืืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืฆื ืืืืื ืืคืกืืื ืืงืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืจื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืืชืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืขืืื.",
|
33 |
+
"ืื ืืฉืืืข ืืจืื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืชืืืชื ืืขื ืกืืคื ืื ืชืืืื ืืฆืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืฆื ืืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ืขื ื ืืื ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืจื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืืืขืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืขื ื ืื ืขื ืฉืืฉืืข ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื.",
|
34 |
+
"ืจืืื ืฉื ืชืืขืื ืืืืื ืคืช ืื ืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืขื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืื ืื ื ืชืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืคืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืกืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืขื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืืชืื ืืืฃ ืข\"ืค ืฉืื ื ืชืืืื ื ืืืกื ืืืื.",
|
35 |
+
"ืื ืืฉืืืข ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ืฉืืข ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืชืืืชื ืืขื ืกืืคื ืืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจื (ืขืื\"ื ืื) ืืคืืงืืจืืก ืื ืืืชื ืื ืชืื ืืง ืืืชืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืข ืืืจืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืื.",
|
36 |
+
"ืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืื ืืขื ื ืื ืืื ืืืืคื ืืื ืืื ืงืืืคื ืืื ืืื ืงืฆืจื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืงืืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืฉืืข ืืช ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืขื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืื ืื.",
|
37 |
+
"ืื ืืืืจื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืฆืจืืื ืืจื ืื ื ืืฉื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืืืจื ืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืืฉืื ืืืกืืจ ืืขื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืงืืช ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืืช ืืชืืงืื ื ืืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืืื ืืจื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืขืื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืืขืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื.",
|
38 |
+
"ืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืจืืืชืื ืืจื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืขืื ื ืืืจ ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืกืืฃ ืืจืืืช ืืืจืื ืืช ืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉื ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืฉื ืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืกืืฃ ืืจืืืช ืืืจืื ืืช ืขืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืขืฆืื.",
|
39 |
+
"ืืืื ืืขื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืืจืื ืืจืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืชืงื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืชืืกืคืช ืืื ืกืืฃ ืขืืงืจ ืืืจืืืช ืฉื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืช ืขืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืกืืฃ ืืจืืืช ืจืืฉืื ืืช ืฉื ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืชืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืจืืืช ืฉืืืจืืื ืืคื ื ืงืจืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืงืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืืขื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจื ืขืืื.",
|
40 |
+
"ืืืื ืื ืืขื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืจืืช ืืคืืจืืช ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืืช ืืืื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืงืืื ืืืชื ืืจืื ืืืจืช ืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืืข ืฉืืืจ ืืฉืืื ืื ืืจืืืชืื ืืืคืืื ืขืื ื ืืื.",
|
41 |
+
"ืื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืืฆื ืืจื ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืขืฉืจ ืจืืฉืื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืชืจืืืืชืื ืื ืืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืฉืื ื ืคืื ืืืืืชื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืจืคืืช ืื ืฉืชื ืืื ื ืกื ืืืืืฆื ืื.",
|
42 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืขืฉืจ ืจืืฉืื ืฉื ืืื ืชืจืืืชื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืชืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืงืืืื ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืขืฉืจ ืฉื ื ืืืงืืฉ ืฉื ืคืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ื ืชื ืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืจื ืื ืืืจื ืชืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื."
|
43 |
+
],
|
44 |
+
[
|
45 |
+
"ืกืืจ ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืื:ืจืืฉืื ื ืืจืืช ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืชืงื ื ืฉื ืืื ืชืืงื ืืืืฉืข ืฉืืืฉืืช ืชืืงื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืื ื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืชืงื ืื.",
|
46 |
+
"ืืคืืขืืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืฆื ืืขื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืคืชื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืกืขืืืชื ืฉืชื ืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืขื ืืืืช ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืชืืงืื ื ืฉื ืืื ืคืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืกืขืืืชื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืขืืื ืืืจืืื ื' ืืจืืืช ืืชืืงืื ื ืืฉืืจ ืื ืืื.",
|
47 |
+
"ืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืชืืืชื ืืืกืืคื ืืืืชื ืื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืืงืืื ืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืืืช ืฉืืืืจืื ืืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืืจืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืืจืชื ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืขืฉืจื ืืจืืชืืช ืืืชืืจื ืืืื ื ืืจืชื ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืจืืชืืช ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืจืืช ืืื' ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืฉืจ ืืจืช ืืชื ืืืจื ืืชื ื ืฆืืื ืืื' ืืขืืจื ืืืจืืช ืืื'.",
|
48 |
+
"ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืคืืชื ืื ืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขืืื ื ืืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืขื ืฆืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืืืชื ืื ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืื ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืคืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืืจืื ืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืจืช ืืืืืช ืืืช ืืื.",
|
49 |
+
"ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืืกืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืงืืืฉืช ืืืื ืืืืฆืข ืืืฆื ืืชืืื ื ืืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืฆืืื ืขืืจื ืื ืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืืกืืื ืื ืื ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืจืฆื ืืืืืืฆื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืืืฆืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืืคื ืื ื ืฉืืืช ืื ืื ื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืืช ืจืฆืื ื ืืจืฆืื ื ืื ื ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืชืื ืขืืื ื ืฆืจื ืืจืขื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืชื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืขืื ืืืื ืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืืฆืข ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืขืื ืืืื.",
|
50 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืืฆืข ืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืขื ืื ืกืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืชืคืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉ ืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืช ืืืืืจ ืจืฆื ืืืืืืฆื ื ืชืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉ ืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืช ืืืืืจ ืขื ืื ืกืื ืืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืจืฆื ืืืืืืฆื ื ืืืขืื ืืืื ืื ืืื.",
|
51 |
+
"ืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืฆืจืื ืืืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืืืจื ืืืืจื ืืฆื ืืขื ืืืืช ืืืกืืฃ ืื ืืจืื ืืืขื ืืืืช ืืืฆื ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืฉืื ืืืืฉ ืืขื ืืืืช ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื' ืืืฉ ืื ืจืฉืืช ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจืืช ืืขื ืืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืื.",
|
52 |
+
"ืืืฉืืืจืืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืืช ืฉืืคื ืืฆืืง ืฉืืื ืืขืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืืจืฆืื ื ืฉืื ืื ื ืขืื ืืขืืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืฉืืจืฆื ืืืืืจ ืืจืืื ืื'.",
|
53 |
+
"ืืืืช ืืชื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืจืืช ืืชื ืื ืืืจ ืืจืืข ืืจืืืช ืืื ืืื ืกืขืืื ืืกืขืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืื ืงืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืฉื ืืืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืฉื ืืชืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืื ืฉืืขืช ืืื ืืืฉืชื.",
|
54 |
+
"ืืจืื ืื ืฉืืืกืืคืื ืืืืช ืืชื ืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืืฉืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉื ื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืฉืขืืื ืืืจืืช ื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืืขื ืืืจืืืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืื ืฉืืขื ืืจืืช ื ืืฉืืืื ืืฉืขืช ื ืืฉืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืจ ืืจืืช ืืืื ืฉืืข ืืจืืืช ืืืจื ืฉืืืจืืื ืืฉืขืช ื ืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืขืฉืจื ืืืชื ืื ืื ืืื ืื.",
|
55 |
+
"ืืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืืจืืืช:ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืืื ืืจื ืืืืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ ืืช ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืช ืชืื ืืชื ืืืชืงืื ืื ืืื ื ืื ืื ืขืื ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืฆืจ ืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืชืฉืืฉ ืืชืื ืขืงืจื ืืงืืืืฅ ืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืฉืืื ืืจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืื' ืืฉืื ืฆืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืชืฉืื ืจืขืื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืฆืืจื ืืื ืขืื ืืงืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืฉืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืืจื ืฉืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจื ื ืืืฆื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืืขืืช ืืืจื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืข ืืขืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืฆืืช ืืจืืฉืืื ืงืื ืฉืฉืื ืืงืื ืฉืืื ืงืื ืืชื ืืงืื ืืื ืงืื ืืฆืืืืช ืืชื ืื [ืืืืคืชื] ืื ืขืจืื ืื ืืื ืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืฉืื ืืชื ืขื ืืืื.",
|
56 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืช ืื ืืืื ืืื ืงืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืงืืื ืฉืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืฉืืช ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืื' ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืืช ืงืืฉ ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืฉืื ืืืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจืืช ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืคืืกืง ืืืืืจ ืืจืืฉ ืฉืืื ืืจืืช ืืื.",
|
57 |
+
"ืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืขืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืงืืื ืฉืืชืืื ืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืจ ืืืชื ืืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืขื ืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืจ.",
|
58 |
+
"ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืจื ืื ื ืืืจ ืงืืื ืฉืืชืขืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืชืขืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ื ืขืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืข ืื ืืืจื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืื ืฉืื ื ืชืขืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื."
|
59 |
+
],
|
60 |
+
[
|
61 |
+
"ืืืฉื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืขืืจืื ืืืืืกืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืฉืืขื ืืฉืืคืื ืืืืกืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืืืืช ืฉืืขื ืืฉืืคืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืืจืื ืืืืฉื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืืื ื ืงืจืืื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ืืืชื ื ืงืจืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืฉืื ืืช ืงืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืชื ื ืงืจืืื ืคืช ืืืคืช ืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืงืจืืช ืคืช ืื\"ื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
62 |
+
"ืืืืื ืคืช ืืืื ืืืจื ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืืจืื ืืจืืข ืืจืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืง ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืคื ืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช ืืื ืงืื ืืืจื ืืคื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช.",
|
63 |
+
"ืงืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืฉืฉืืงืืื ืืขืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืงืื ืื ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืจืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืขืกื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืจื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืจืืื ืืฉืชืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช.",
|
64 |
+
"ืงืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืงืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืขืืจืื ืขื ืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืงื ืื ืืชืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืงืืจื ืืืื ืืจืืคืืช ืืืจืฉ ืืืจืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืงืจื ืืขืฉื ืงืืจื ืืื ืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉืขืจื ืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืืื ืงืื ืืื ืคืช ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช.",
|
65 |
+
"ืื\"ื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืคืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืฉืขืืจื ืืคืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืขื ืืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืจ ืืช ืืืคืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืขืื ืืคืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืขืืงืจ ืืคืืืจ ืืช ืืืคืื ืืื ืฉืืืชื ืืืคืื ืืขืืจืืช ืขื ืืขืืงืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืชื ืืขืืจืืช.",
|
66 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืคืื ืืืขืืจืืช ืืืื ืืคืช ืื ืืจืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืขืืจื ืื ืงืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืงื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืฉืืืคืช ืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืงืืื ืืคืื ืฉืื ืืืจ ืฉืืขืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืืง ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืจืื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืืข ืืช ืืชืืฉืื ืืจื ืื ืืคืื ืืื ืื ืขืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืืขื ืืชืขืจืืืืช ืืจื ืืื ืขืืงืจ ืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืฉืืืฉืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืชื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืง ืืขื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืชืืงื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืคื ื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืื ืืขืืงืจ.",
|
67 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืื ืืืคืื ืฉืืื ื ืืขืืจืืช ืืจื ืฉืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืคืช ืขืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืง ืืืื ืืจืื ื ืืืฉืื ื ืืจื ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืืื ืืคืืืจ ืืช ืืคืช ืืคื ื ืฉืืคืช ืืคืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื.",
|
68 |
+
"ืืคืช ืฉืคืชืช ืืืชื ืคืชืื ืืืฉืื ืืงืืจื ืื ืืฉื ืืืจืง ืื ืืฉ ืืคืชืืชืื ืืืืช ืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืคืช ืืื ื ืฉืชื ื ืฆืืจืชื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืื ืฉืขืืจื ืฆืืจืช ืืคืช ืืืืฉืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช.",
|
69 |
+
"ืขืืกื ืฉื ืืคืช ืืงืจืงืข ืืื ืฉืืขืจืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืจืืช ืืืคืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืฆืืจืช ืคืช ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืงืืข ืืืื ื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืขืืกื ืฉืืฉื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืขืืจื ืื ืืื ื ืชืืืื ืืืคืื ืืืื ืื ืงืจืืช ืคืช ืืืื ืืืกื ืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืคืช ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืงืืข ืกืขืืืชื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืื.",
|
70 |
+
"ืืืจื ืฉืืืฉืื ืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืื ื ืคืช ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืขืืจื ืขื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืคืช ืืืื ืื ืคืช ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืงืื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช.",
|
71 |
+
"ืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืจืื ืืกืืฃ ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืกืืจื ืืจืืข ืืจืืืช ืืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืืจืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืฅ ืื ืืืืจื.",
|
72 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืขืื ืืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืืืืช ืืื ืื ืืคืช ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืชื ืคืืืช ืืจืืืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืงืื ืืืจื ืืชืืื ืืจืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืื.",
|
73 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ:ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืืืืื ืืขื ืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืื ืฉืจืฆืืช ืืฉืื ืืืช ืืช ืืืืชืื ื ืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขืืื ื ืืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืขื ืฆืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืขืื ื ืืชืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืขืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืืืืื ืืขืื ืงืืืฉืช ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืจืืช ืืืืื."
|
74 |
+
],
|
75 |
+
[
|
76 |
+
"ืื ืืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืืชื ืืืงืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืืงืื ืฉืคืกืง ืืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืื ืืืฉื ืืืงืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืงืืื ืฉืืชืขืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืจื ืืืงืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืงืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืฉืืื ืขืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืชืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืงืื ืฉืืื.",
|
77 |
+
"ืื ืฉื ืกืชืคืง ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืชืืจื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืืืฆืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืขื ืฉืื ืืืจ ืกืขืืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืืจ ืฉืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื.",
|
78 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืคืกืง ืกืขืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืงืจืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืขืื ืืืฆื ืื ืืคืชื ืืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืงืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืืคืจืข ืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืชืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืืจ ืกืขืืืชื.",
|
79 |
+
"ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืงืจืืช ืืชื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืงื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืงืืื ืืืืืจืื ืกืขืืืชื ืืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืจืื ืืืคืจืข ืืืฉืื ืืืืจืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืจืื ืืืชืืื.",
|
80 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืฉืชืื ืื ืืืืื ืคืืจืืช ืฉืื ืืืฉื ื ืืงืืื ืืจื ืคืกืง ืืืืืชื ืืืคืืื ืืืจื ืืืคืจืข ืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืจ ืืืืจื ืฉื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืฉื ื ืืงืืื ืืคืื ื ืืคืื ื ืืืืช ืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉื ืชืื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืขืจืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื.",
|
81 |
+
"ืืืจื ืขื ืืคืช ืคืืจ ืืช ืืคืจืคืจืช ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืืคืช ืืืื ื ืืชืืฉืื ืืคืืจืืช ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืคืจืคืจืช ืื ืคืืจ ืืช ืืคืช ืืืจื ืขื ืืขืฉื ืงืืืจื ืคืืจ ืืช ืืชืืฉืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืชืืฉืื ืื ืคืืจ ืืช ืืขืฉื ืงืืืจื.",
|
82 |
+
"ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืฉืชืืช ืืื\"ื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืช ืืฃ ืข\"ืค ืฉืื ืฉืื ื ืืงืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืขืชื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืฉืชืืช ืืคืืื ืคืกืง ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืืช.",
|
83 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืื ืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืงืืฉ ืงืืืืฉ ืืืื ื ืืกืจ ืขืืืื ืืฉืชืืช ืขื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืงืืฉื ืืื ืจืฆื ืืืืืจ ืืืฉืชืืช ืงืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืื ืืงืืฉื ืืฃ ืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ื ืจืฉืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืคื ืืืืจ ืื ืืฉืชื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื.",
|
84 |
+
"ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืชืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืื ืืฉื ืืืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืื ืคืขื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื.",
|
85 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืฉืงื ืื ืื ืืืฉืงืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืื\"ื ืืืืื ืืคื ืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืื ืคื ืืืื ืื ืฉืจืฃ ืื ืฉืืคื ื ืืจ ื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขืืื ืืข\"ืคืฉืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืืืชื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืขื ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฆืื ืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืฉืืชื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืืคื ืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืจืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืฉืฉืชื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืชืืืื ืชืืื.",
|
86 |
+
"ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืกืขืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืืจืื ืืคื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืฆืื ืฉืืชืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืกืืฃ ืคืืืจืช ืืื ืฉืืื ืืคืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืช ืืกืขืืื ืฉืืื ืืชืื ืืกืขืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืืคื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืช ืืกืขืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืืคื ืืื ืืืืืจืืื.",
|
87 |
+
"ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืกืขืืืช ืืงืืช ืืื ืืืฉืขื ืฉืืฆื ืื ืืืจืืฅ ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืื ืงืืืข ืกืขืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืื ืฉืืคื ื ืืืืื ืคืืจ ืืช ืืืื ืฉืฉืชื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืชืืื ืขื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืืืืขื ืคื ืื ืฉืืขื ื ืืื ืืืื ื ืคืืืจ ืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืื."
|
88 |
+
],
|
89 |
+
[
|
90 |
+
"ื ืฉืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืกืคืง ืืฉ ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืงืืืข ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืงืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืช.",
|
91 |
+
"ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืงืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืืฉื ืขื ืขืฉืจื ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ื ืืจื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืจืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ื.",
|
92 |
+
"ืืื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืจ ืืจืืข ืืจืืืช ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืื.",
|
93 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืฉืจื ืืืืขืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืฆื ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ื ืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืชืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืื.",
|
94 |
+
"ืืกืืขื ืืืืช ืืชื ืื ืืฉืืชืืืื ืืืชืขืกืง ืืฆืจืื ืกืขืืืช ื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืขื ืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืจื ื ืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืืขืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืืขืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืื' ืืื ืืื ืขืฉืจื ืืืจื ื ืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืืขืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืื' ืืื ืกืขืืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืจ ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืฉืืืื ืขื ืฉื ืื ืขืฉืจ ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืืขืื ื.",
|
95 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืงืืฉื ืืงืืฉืื ืืขืืจื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืจืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืชืจืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื.",
|
96 |
+
"ื ืฉืื ืืขืืืื ืืงืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืชืื ืืืืจื ืฉื ื ืฉืื ืืขืืืื ืืงืื ืื ืืคื ื ืืคืจืืฆืืช ืืื ื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืช ืืขืฆืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืืจืืืื ืืก ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืกืคืง ืืืืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืงืื ืืืืืข ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืข ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืฆืืจืฃ ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืื ืขืฉืจื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืืขืื\"ื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืขืืื.",
|
97 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืช ืคืช ืืืืขืื ืฉืืขื ืฉืืืื ืคืช ืืฉืืฉื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืจืง ืื ืฆืืจ ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืฆืืจืคืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืคืช ืืื ืฉืฉื ืฉืืืื ืคืช ืืืจืืขื ืืจืง ืืื ืืฆืืจืคืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืคืช ืจืื ืื ืืืจ ืื\"ื ืืขืฉืจื ืืื ืืฉืืฉื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืคืช ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืื.",
|
98 |
+
"ืฉื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืขืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืคืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืืฆืืจืฃ ืขืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืกืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ื.",
|
99 |
+
"ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืจืืขื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืฉืฉื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืืืง ืขื ืขืฉืจื ืืขืฉืจื ืืืืขืื ืืื ื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืง ืขื ืขืฉืจืื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืืืงื ืืชืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืืืง ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืืืืง.",
|
100 |
+
"ืฉืืฉื ืื ื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืืจืืช ืฉื ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืฉื ืืื ื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืฉืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืง ืืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืื ื ืขืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืฉืื ืืืืื ืคืช ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืง.",
|
101 |
+
"ืฉืชื ืืืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืงืฆืชื ืจืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืื ืืฆืืจืคืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืฉ ืืืืืจื ืื ืืืืืจื ืื ืืฆืืจืคืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืืงืฆืช ืืื ืจืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฉืืขื ืฉืชืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืจื ืืืืืืจ.",
|
102 |
+
"ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืง ืงืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืฉืืืข ืื ืฉืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืฉืืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืขืฉืจื ืฉืืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืง ืืื ืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืืฉื ืขืืื.",
|
103 |
+
"ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืงืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืฆืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืคืจืข.",
|
104 |
+
"ืฉื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืข ืื ืฉืืืืข ืืืจื ืืงืื ืจื ืืืฉื ื ืขืื ื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืขืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืืขืื ืืืืฆืืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืชืื ืืืจื ืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืืื ืื ืืืจืืื ืื.",
|
105 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืฆืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืืขื ืฉืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืืืคืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืืชื ืงืื ืื ืขืื ืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืข ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืงืื ืื ืขืื ืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืฆืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืจ ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืชื.",
|
106 |
+
"ืื ืื ืก ืืฆื ืืืจืื ืืืฆืื ืืืจืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ื ืืจื ืืื ืขืื ื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืืฆื ืืืืืืื ืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืื ืขืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืื."
|
107 |
+
],
|
108 |
+
[
|
109 |
+
"ืื ืืืืื ืืคืช ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืืืฆืื ืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ืคืช ืืืืื ืืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืืข ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืฉืชื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืื ืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืชืืืื.",
|
110 |
+
"ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืจื ืชืืื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืื ืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืฉื ืฆืืืื ื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืฉืืืข ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืขื ืคื ืืชืืจื ืืฉืจ ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืคื ื ืืกืื ื ืืืคืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืชืจ.",
|
111 |
+
"ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืชืืฉืื ืืชืืฉืื ืจืฉืืช ืจืฆื ื ืืื ืจืฆื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืคืืจืืช ืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืคืืจืืช ืืจื ืื ืืืกื ืืจืื ืื ืคืช ืฉืืืื ืื ืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืฉืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ืกืืืืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืืืขื ืืืื ืกืืืืืช ืืืขืืืจ ืืืื ืขื ืขืื ืื ืืืกืื ืืคื ื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืกืืฃ ืื ืกืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืืื ืืืืื ื ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืืคื ื ืืกืื ื.",
|
112 |
+
"ืขื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืขื ืืคืจืง ืืืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืื ืฉืชื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืฆืฆืื ืืืืืื ืืืฆืฅ ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืช ืืงืื ืขืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืจืืืขืืช.",
|
113 |
+
"ืื ืืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืงืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืงืจืงืข ืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื.",
|
114 |
+
"ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืืขื ืืืจืื:ืืืื ืขืฆืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืคืกืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืื ืฉืชื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืชื.",
|
115 |
+
"ืืจืืขื ืืืจืื ืคืืกืืื ืืช ืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืคืกื ืฉืืื ืข ืืช ืืืืื ืืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืชื ื ืืจืืืชื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืงืจืงืขืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืจ ืฉื ืคื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืงืืื ืืจื ืืื ืคืกืืืื ืืื ืื ื ืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืกืจ ืืืชื ืืฉืชืืื ื ืคืกืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื.",
|
116 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืขืฉื ืฉืืคืืื ืืคืกืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืฉืจื ืืื ืคืชื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืงืจืงืขืืช ืคืกืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืคืกืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืื ืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืขืืื ืคืกืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืคื ืื ืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืคื ืืื ืืจื ืื ืืืฉืจืืชื.",
|
117 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืคืกืื ืืฉืชืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืขืืืจืื ืื ืจืื ืจืข ืขื ืฉืื ืืฉืชื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืคืกืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืงืจืงืขืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืงืืื ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืคืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืงืื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืืืื ืืฉืชืืืช ืืืื.",
|
118 |
+
"ืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืืขื ืืขื ืขื ืฉืืชื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืื ื ืชื ืืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืฉืืืคื ืืืช ืืฉืจ ื ืืืืื ืืจืืขื ืื ืืืฉื ืื ืืฆื ืื ืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืคื ืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืจืคื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืฉืืืคื ืืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
119 |
+
"ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืคื ืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืฅ ืืื ืืืจืกืื ืืื ืืืืืคืช ืืืืืช ืืื ืชืืงื ืืืืืคื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืชืืงื ื ื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืง ืืงืืคื ืฉื ืชืงื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืืจื ืืืคื ืื ืฉืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจื ืฉืืืจื ืืืืืจืช ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืฉืืจื ืืืื.",
|
120 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืง ืจืืืขืืช ืื ืืื ืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืื ื ืืชื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื.",
|
121 |
+
"ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืคืืื ืืจืฉ ืฉืืื ืืงืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืฆืง ืขื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฆืง ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืฆืง ืืจืืฉืื ื ืขื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืงืืฃ ื ืืื ืืืืื.",
|
122 |
+
"ืืฉืืงืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืื ืืืจืงืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืืงืช ืืขืืจื ืืืื ืืฉืืคื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืขืืชื ืื ื ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืงืจืืืืช ืืฉืคืืืช ืืืื ืขื ืฉื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืฉืืคื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ื ืชืื ืช ืืืื ืขืืชื ืื ื ืืืื.",
|
123 |
+
"ืืื ืฉื ืกืชืคืง ืื ืื ื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืืืื ืกืคืง ื ืื ืืืื ืกืคืง ืื ื ืื ืืืื ืกืคืืงื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืกืคืง ืฉืืืืจืช ืืืื ืืืืจ.",
|
124 |
+
"ืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืฅ ืืคืจืง ืืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืฉืคืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืฆื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืงืจืงืข ืืืืจืื ืื ืืื ื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืืจืื ืื ืืื ื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืกืืืืช ืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืขืืืจืื ืืช ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืฉืคืฉืฃ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืคืืฉืจืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ื.",
|
125 |
+
"ื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืชื ื ืขืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืขืชื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืกืื ืืขืชื ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืขืช ืฉืฆืจืื ื ืืืื.",
|
126 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืคื ืืืืื ืืื ืคืช ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืืื ืืืฉืงื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืืจ ื ืืชื ืืชืื ืคืื ืืืื ื ื ืืืข ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืืคื ืฉืฆืจืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื.",
|
127 |
+
"ืืกืืจ ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ื ืืชื ืืชืื ืคืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืฆืืืืื ืืจืื ืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืจื ืขื ืืืืจ ืืคืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืชืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืฉืืชื ืืงืฆืชื.",
|
128 |
+
"ืฆืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืื ืื ืืื\"ื ืืืจื ืืชืืฃ ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืืคืืื ืืฉืชืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืืกืืจ ืขื ืฉืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื."
|
129 |
+
],
|
130 |
+
[
|
131 |
+
"ืื ืืืืช ืจืืืช ื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืืื ืืจื ืืจืฅ ืืืื ืื:ืืฉื ืื ืกืื ืืกืขืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืื ืืช ืืืื ืชืืื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืื ืกืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืกืืืื ืืืืื ืืืกื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืกื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ื.",
|
132 |
+
"ืืขื ืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืืฆืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืจืื ืืื\"ื ืืืฆืข ืืืืืจื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ืืืขื ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืช ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืฆืข ืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื.",
|
133 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืฆืข ืจืฉืื ืืืฆืืข ืขื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืคืชื ืืคื ื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืชืืืื ื ืืืืื ืคืช ืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืฆืข ืื ืคืจืืกื ืงืื ื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืจืื ืืฆืจ ืขืื ืืื ืคืจืืกื ืืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืืฆื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืจืื ืืจืขืืชื ืืืฉืืช ืืฉ ืื ืืืฆืืข ืคืจืืกื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืฆืข ืืื ืืืงืื ืฉื ืชืืฉื ืืคื ืืคื.",
|
134 |
+
"ืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืฆืืข ืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืื ืืืชื ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืฉืขืืจืื ืืคืจืืกื ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืชืื ืคืจืืกื ืืืืฆืข ืืฉืชืืื ืืื ืฉืืืฆืข ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืื ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืืข ืขื ืฉืชื ืืืจืืช ื ืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืฆืข ืืืช ืืื.",
|
135 |
+
"ืืืืฆืข ื ืืชื ืคืจืืกื ืืคื ื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืจ ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืฆืข ื ืืชื ืืื ืืืืื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆืข ืืื ืคืืฉื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืฆืข ืจืฉืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืคื ืจืื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ืจืฆื ืืืืฆืข ืืืืืง ืืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืคืฉืื ืืื ืงืืื ืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืื.",
|
136 |
+
"ืฉื ืื ืืืชืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืงืขืจื ืฉืืฉื ืืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืฉืืืฉื ืืคืกืืง ืขืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืกืขืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืื ื ืืืคื ื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืขืื ื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืฉืขืช ืืืืืขื ืืื ืืืื ืกืื ื ืืืื ืืกืชืืืื ืืคื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืชื ืฉืื ืืืืืฉื.",
|
137 |
+
"ืืฉืืฉ ืฉืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืืกืืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืจืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืชื ืืชืื ืคืื ืืื ืชืืฉืื ืืชืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืขืชื ืืื ื ืชื ื ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืื ืืืก ืืืืก ืฉื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืฉืชืืืชื ืชืืืื ืืจืฆืื ื ืืื ืืจืฆืื ื.",
|
138 |
+
"ืืฆื ืืื ืื ืืืกืืืื ืืืฉืชืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืช ืื ืื ืก ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืืจื ืืืคืืื ื ืืื ืฉืชื ืืืื ืื ืื ืก ืื ืืื ืืกืืืื ืืฉืชืืื ื ืื ืก ืืืืฉื ืืืงืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืงืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจื ืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืืืื.",
|
139 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืขื ืืคืช ืืืื ืืขืืืจืื ืืืก ืืื ืขื ืืคืช ืืืื ืกืืืืื ืืช ืืงืขืจื ืืคืช ืืืื ืืืจืงืื ืืช ืืคืช ืืื ืืช ืืืชืืืืช ืืื ืืช ืืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืงืืืคืื ืืืื ืชืืชืื ืืขื ืืื ืืชืื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืื ื ืืืกืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืฉืื ืืช ืืืื ืืฆืื ืืจืืช ืืืชื ืืชื ืื ืืืืจืงืื ืืคื ืืื ืงืืืืช ืืืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืคื ื ืฉื ืืืกืื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืคืกืืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืืขืืื.",
|
140 |
+
"ืืกืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืคื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ื ืื ืืชื ืฉื ืืขื ืืืืช ืฉืื ืืชืืืืฉ ืืขื ืืกืขืืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืืคื ืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืืงืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืืช ืืื ืืฉืื ืฆืฃ ืขื ืคืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืขื ืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืชืืืืฉ ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืืขื ืืกืขืืื ืืกืืจืื.",
|
141 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืกืืงืื ืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืืืงืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืืื\"ื ื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืืจื ืฉื ืคืืจืืจืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืืจืืืฅ ืขืืืื ืืื ืคืืจืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืื.",
|
142 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืืจ ืืฉืืจ ืืกืืขืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืื ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืืคืชื ืืจืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืขืช ืื ืืกื.",
|
143 |
+
"ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืขืื ืื ืืื.",
|
144 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืก ืืืืืง ืจืืืขืืช ืื ืืชืจ ืขื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืขืจื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืชืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืฉืื ืืฆื ืืืืฉื ืืฉืืง.",
|
145 |
+
"ืืฃ ืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืฆืจืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืืจื ื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืืก ืฉื ืืจืื ืืืคื ืื ืืืฉืืืฃ ืืืชื ืืืืืฅ ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืืข ืืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ื ืืชื ืืชืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืขืจื ืืฉืชืื ืืืื ืืฉืืืื ืขื ืืืก ืฉื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืงืื ืขื ืฉืชืืื ืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืื ืืืฉืชื."
|
146 |
+
],
|
147 |
+
[
|
148 |
+
"ืื ืคืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช ืืืฅ ืืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืืืชืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืจืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืืชืื ืืชืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืจืื ืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขื ืคืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืืืจืงืืช ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช ืืืฉืืชื ืืื ืฉืื ืืจืืืช ืฆืืื ืืื ื ืืขืื ืืจืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืจืื.",
|
149 |
+
"ืืกืืื ืคืืจืืช ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืฉืงืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืืืฅ ืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืืืชืื ืฉืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืคื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืจืื ืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขื ืืฉืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืื\"ื ืฉืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืืจืื ื ืืฉืชื ืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืฉืืงืืช ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืจื ื ืื ื ืืฉืชืืืชื ืืื ืื ืฉืชื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืฉืฉ ืืืจืื ื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืจื ืื ื ืื ื ืืืขื ืืฉืื.",
|
150 |
+
"ืคืืจืืช ืื ืืจืงืืช ืฉืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืื ืฉืืงื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืืืจืงืืช ืฉืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืืืงืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืคืช ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช ืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืฉืืงื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืจืืืช ืืืจืื ืฉืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืชืืื ืืจืื ืืจืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืคืืจืืช ืขืฅ ืืืจื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืจืงืืช ืืืจื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื.",
|
151 |
+
"ืืจืงืืช ืฉืืจืื ืืืฉืืง ืฉืืงื ืืืจื ืขื ืื ืฉืืง ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืฉืืงื ืืฉืชืืช ืืืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืงืืช ืืฉืืงืืช ืืืงืื ืฉืืจืื ืืฉืชืืชื ืืืฉ ืชืืจืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืชืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืชืืจืื ืฉืืขืื ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืืจืขืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืขืฉืื ืืื ืขืืกื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืชืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืืืืกืืฃ ืืจืื ืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ.",
|
152 |
+
"ืืงื ืื ืืืชืืงืื ืฉืกืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืงืคื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืฆืฅ ืืืชื ืงื ืื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืคืจื ืืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืงื ืื ืฉื ืฉืชื ื ืขื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืชืืจืื ืฉืื ื ืฉืชื ืืข\"ืืืืืจ ืืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืฉืืื.",
|
153 |
+
"ืืงืืจ ืืืื ืจืืฉ ืืืงื ืฉืืื ืืื ืขืฅ ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืฉืืื ืงืคืจืก ืฉื ืฆืืฃ ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืคืจื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืฉื ืฆืืฃ ืื ืืคืจื ืฉืื ืืฆืืจืืช ืชืืจืื ืืงืื ืงืื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ.",
|
154 |
+
"ืืคืืคืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืจืืืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืชืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืจืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืงืื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืืืื ืืฉืชืืื ืืื ื ืืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ืืคื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื.",
|
155 |
+
"ืืคืช ืฉืขืืคืฉื ืืืืื ืฉืืงืจืื ืืชืืฉืื ืฉืขืืจื ืฆืืจืชื ืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืื ืคืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืืืืฅ ืืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืคืืจืืืช ืขื ืืืื ืืืจื ืชืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืคื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืืืจื ืืืจื ื ืคืฉืืช ืืื ืืืขืื ืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืขืื ืืจืื ืืคื ืื.",
|
156 |
+
"ืฉืืจืื ืฉื ืชื ืขืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืจืืขื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืคื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืคืืืช ืืืจืืขื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืฉืืื ืชืืื.",
|
157 |
+
"ืืืจื ืขื ืคืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืฆื ืืขื ืคืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืื ืืฆื ืืขื ืืืื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืฆื ืืืคื' ืขื ืืคืช ืืขื ืืืื.",
|
158 |
+
"ืืงื ืืืก ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืขื ืื ืช ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืขื ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืคืืจืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืขื ืื ืช ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืืืื ืืืขื ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉื ืืื ืืคืชื ืขื ืื ืช ืืืืจ ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืช ืืืขื ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืืฆื ืืคื ื ืฉืืฉืขื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืช ืืฉื ืืืืืืืช ืฉืื ืขืืงืจ ืืืจืื ืื ื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืจืื ืืขืืช ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืขื ืืกืืคื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืชื.",
|
159 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืื ื ืกืชืคืง ืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืก ืืืืืื ืืชืื ืคืื ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืงืื ืืืืขื ืืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืื ืคืืจืืช ืฉืื ืืจืงื ืืืืกื ืืืื ืชืืชืื ืืขื ืืื ืืกืืงื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืื\"ื ืืืืขื ืืื ืืื ื ื ืืืกืื ืืืื ืคืืืื ืืืคืื ืื ืคืืืื ืืคืื ืขื ืฉืืืจื ืืคืื ืคื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื.",
|
160 |
+
"ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืจืืืชืืื ืฉืืืช ืืืจื ืขื ืืืช ืืื ืืคืืืจ ืืช ืืฉืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืจืืืชืืื ืฉืืืช ืืืจื ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืื ืืจืื ืืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืจืฆื ืืืงืืื ืืงืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืจืืฆื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขืช ืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืชืืื ืืื ืืงืืื ืืคืกืืง ืงืืื ืืืจืื ืืืฉืืขื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืคืกืืง ืื ืืจืฅ ืืื ืืฉืขืืจื ืืืคื ืืชืื ื ืืจืืื ืืจืฅ ืืืช ืฉืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืชืืจืื ืืืชืืจืื ืงืืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืฉืืชืืจืื ืฉื ื ืืืจืฅ ืืืขื ืืื ืฉืืืฉื ืืืจืฅ.",
|
161 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืฉื ืืืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืคืืจืืช ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืขื ืืคืืจืืช ืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืขืฅ ืืขื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืืขื ืชื ืืืช ืืฉืื ืืขื ืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืื' ืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืคื ืืขื ืคืจื ืืืคื ืืืืชื ืืฉืชืืื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืคืืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืคืืจืืชืื ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืืจืื ืฉืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืงืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืชื ืฉืืื ืืขืื ืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืืืจ ืฉืื ืชืืงื ื ืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืื.",
|
162 |
+
"ืฉืชื ืืื ืืืื ืชืืจืื ืืืื ืชืืฉืื ืฉื ืืืฉืช ืืื ื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจืื ื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืืืืื ืืขื ืืืคื ืืขื ืคืจื ืืืคื ืืขื ืืขืฅ ืืขื ืคืจื ืืขืฅ ืืขื ืชื ืืืช ืืฉืื ืืขื ืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืื' ืืืืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืคืืจืืช.",
|
163 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฉืชื ืืื ืืืจื ืืกืืฃ ืขื ืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืืขื ืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืชืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืกืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืจื ืืกืืฃ ืืจืื ืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืื ืคืืจืืช ืืขืฅ ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื."
|
164 |
+
],
|
165 |
+
[
|
166 |
+
"ืืฉื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืืฉืงื ืงืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืกืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืช ืืจืื ืืื ืงืืื ืืจืื ืืืืฆื ืืืจื ืขื ืจืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืื ืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืจืื ืขืฅ ืื ืืื ืขืฅ ืืืจื ืืืจื ืขืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืขืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืขืฅ ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืคืจื ืืจืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืชืจืื ืื ืชืคืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืชื ืจืื ืืื ืืคืืจืืช ืืขื ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืฆื.",
|
167 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืืืืืืจ ืขื ืฉืชืขืื ืชืืจืชื ืืืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืจืฃ ืฉื ืชื ืจืื ืืขืฅ ืืืจืืื ืืืจื ืขืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืขืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื.",
|
168 |
+
"ืฉืื ืฉื ืืคืจืกืืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืฉืื ืขืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืช ืฉืืืฉื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืขื ืฉืืืจ ืจืืื ื ืืืฃ ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืขืฆื ืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืขืื ืฉืื ืืืฉืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืก ืืืจื ืขื ืืืืก ืืคืืืจ ืืช ืืฉืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืจืื ืืืช ืืฉืชืืื ืืืื ืขืฆื ืืฉืืื.",
|
169 |
+
"ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืฉื ืฉืืื ืขืฅ ืืืืฉื ืฉืืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืช ืืื ืคืืืจืช ืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืขื ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืขื ืืืื ืืฉืืชืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืชืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืชื.",
|
170 |
+
"ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืกืคืง ืื ืื ืืขืฅ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืขืืจืื ืืจืืื ืืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ื ืื ืก ืืื ืืชื ืฉื ืืืฉื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืฉื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืช ื ืื ืก ืืืฆื ื ืื ืก ืืืฆื ืืืจื ืขื ืื ืคืขื ืืคืขื.",
|
171 |
+
"ืืฉืืฉื ื ืืืืคื ืืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืืืจื ืขืฆื ืืฉืืื ื ืจืืืก ืฉื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืขืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืฉื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืขืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืื ื ืืืืกืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืจื ืขืฆื ืืฉืืื.",
|
172 |
+
"ืฉืืฉื ืืื ื ืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืื ืืื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืืจืื ืืื ืฉืขืฉืื ืืืขืืืจ ืจืื ืจืข ืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืจืื ืืขืฆืื ืฉื ืจืื ืื.",
|
173 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืขืื\"ื ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืขืจืื ืื ืืขืจืืืช ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืืคื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืชืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืืช ืืืกื ืืฉืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืขืืืจ ืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืืคื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืืืขืืืจ ืจืื ืจืข ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืืจืื ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืืคื ืฉืื ื ืขืฉื ืืืจืื ืืขืฆืื ืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืจืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืขืืงืจ ืืืฉื ืืื ืจืื ืืื ืขืืงืจ.",
|
174 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืกืืื ืฉื ืขืื\"ื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืกืชื ืืกืืืช ืขืื\"ื ืืขืื\"ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฅ ืืืจื ืืืจืื ืจืื ืืื ืื ืจืื ืืขืืจ ืขืื\"ื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืจืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืจื ื ืชืขืจื ืจืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื."
|
175 |
+
],
|
176 |
+
[
|
177 |
+
"ืืจืืืช ืืืจืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืคืชืืื ืืื ืืชืืื ืชืืงื ื ืืืืื ืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืงื\"ื ืืื ืืจืืืช ืืชืคืื ืฉืืืจ ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืงืื ื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืงืืืื ื ืืืืืขื ื ืืืื ืืื.",
|
178 |
+
"ืืื ืืจืืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืื ืจืืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืื ืขืฉืจ ืืืฉ ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืืชืื ืืจืืื ืคืจื ืืืชืืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืฉื ื ืืชืืืช ืจืืืืชื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื.",
|
179 |
+
"ืฉืืข ืฉืืืขื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืข ืฉืืืขื ืจืขื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืจืขื ืืืื ื ืคืฉ ืืืจื ืฉืืืจื ืขื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืช ืื' ืืืืื ืืื' ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืจื ืฉื ืฆืืืื ื ืื ืฉืืคืืื ืืขืช ืฉืืืฆืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื.",
|
180 |
+
"ืืืืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืฉืืข ืฉืืืขื ืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืจืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืชืืจืื ืื ืจืขื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืขื ืืืื ืจืขื ืื ืฉืืข ืฉืืืขื ืจืขื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืืืจืื ืืจืืื ืฉืจืขื ืื ืืืจืืช ืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืืขืชืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืืืจืข ืขืชื.",
|
181 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืจืืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืชื ืฉืื ืืฉื ืืืจืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืคื ืืืคื ืฉืืืจืืช ืื ื ืืืืื ืคืื ื ืืื ืื' ืขื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืื ืจืื ืืืืืืืช ืืืชืฉืืืืช.",
|
182 |
+
"ืืืืืชื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืืืฉืืื ืืฉืืจืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืืขืื ืืืขืืืขืืช ืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืคื ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืขืืืขืืช ืื ืืงืจืืช ืื.",
|
183 |
+
"ืืืจื ืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืจืฉืื ืื ืืฉ ืขืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืื\"ื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื ืงืฆืจื ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื.",
|
184 |
+
"ืืจืืขื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืชืจืคื ืืืืืฉ ืฉืืฆื ืืืืช ืืืกืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืขืื ืืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืืืืขื ืืืฉืื ืืฆืจืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืคื ื ืขืฉืจื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืจืืืืืื ืืงืื ืขื ืืืืืฉื ืืงื ืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืฆื ืืืื ืืืืฆื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืขืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืกืื.",
|
185 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ื ืกืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืื ืกืืฃ ืืืขืืจืืช ืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืขืฉื ื ืกืื ืืืืืชืื ื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืื ื ืกืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืื ื ืก ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืื ื ืก ืืืงืื ืืื ืื ืฉืขืฉื ื ืก ืืืืืชื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืฉื ืืืฉ ืฉืืืฉืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืขืฉื ื ืก ืืฆืืืงืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืงืื ืฉืขืืืืื ืื ืขืื\"ื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืจื ืืคืื ืืขืืืจื ืจืฆืื ื ืืงืื ืฉื ืขืงืจื ืืื ื ืขืื\"ื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืขืงืจ ืขืื\"ื ืืืจืฆื ื ืืื ืืืืฅ ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืขืงืจ ืขืื\"ื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืชืืื ืืฉื ืฉืขืงืจืช ืืืงืื ืื ืื ืชืขืงืจ ืืื ืืงืืืืช ืืชืฉืื ืื ืขืืืืืื ืืขืืื.",
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186 |
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"ืืจืืื ืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืจืืื ืงืืจื ืืฉืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืืฆืจ ืืชืื ืืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืชืื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืชืื ืืืงืื ืืชืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืืชืื.",
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187 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืช\"ืจ ืืืฃ ืืื ืืืื ืื ืขืื\"ื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืคืจื ืืืืืชืื ืื ื ืืืจืืช ืืืื ืืืืจ ืฆืื ืืขืจืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืชื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืชื ืืืจืืื ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืจืชื ืืืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืฉื ืชื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืื.",
|
188 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืช ืืืืฉื ืืืช ืืืฉืื ืื ืืฆืืจืช ืคื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉื ื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืกืืื ืื ืงืืืข ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืงื ืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืขื ืืื ืืืจื ืืฉื ื ืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืจืืื ืืช ืืคืื ืืืช ืืงืืฃ ืืืช ืืงืืคืืฃ ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืฉื ื ืืช ืืืจืืืช.",
|
189 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืจืืืช ื ืืืช ืืืชืืงื ืืช ืืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืฆื ืืฉืืืช ืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืื ื ืืกื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืคืืจืืืช ืื ืืฆื ืื ืขืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืื ืืืกืจ ืืขืืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืจืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืื ืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืื.",
|
190 |
+
"ืขื ืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืฉืื ืืืขืฃ ืืขื ืืืจืงืื ืืขื ืืจืขืืื ืืขื ืงืื ืืืืจื ืฉืชืฉืืข ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืจืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืขื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืืืจ ืฉืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืจืฆืื ืืืงืื ืืืงืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืื ื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืจืชื ืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืจืฆื ืืืจื ืขืืฉื ืืจืืฉืืช.",
|
191 |
+
"ืขื ืืืจืื ืืขื ืืืืขืืช ืขื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืื ืืจืืช ืื ืจืื ืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืฉื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืช ืืื ืืืืื.",
|
192 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืงืฉืช ืืขื ื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืืจืืชื ืืงืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืืื ืืื ื ืืืืืฉื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืืจื ืืจื ืฉืืงืื ืืืจืื ืคืื ืื ืฆืืื ืืง ืืืื ื ืชื ืืื ืฉืื ืืฉื ื ืืช ืชืคืงืืื ืฉืฉืื ืืฉืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืฆืื ืงืื ืืื ืคืืขืื ืืืช ืืคืขืืืชื ืฆืืง ืืืืื ื ืืืจ ืฉืชืชืืืฉ ืขืืจื ืชืคืืจืช ืืขืืืกื ืืื ืฉืื ืขืชืืืื ืืืชืืืฉ ืืืืชื ืืืคืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืืืชื ืืขื ืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืฉ ืืืืฉืื.",
|
193 |
+
"ืืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืื ืืขืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจื ืขื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืงืืื ืคื ื ืืฉืืื ื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืขื ืฉืฉื ืขืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืฉ ืขื ืฉืชืืื ืคืืืืชื.",
|
194 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืชืงืืคืช ื ืืกื ืฉื ืชืืืช ืืืืืืจ ืฉื ืฉืืื ื ืืขืฉืจืื ืฉื ื ืฉืืชืงืืคื ืืชืืืช ืืื ืจืืืขื ืืฉืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืจืืืขื ืืืงืจ ืืืจื ืืจืื ืขืืฉื ืืจืืฉืืช ืืื ืืฉืชืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืชืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืืฉ ืืื ืชืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืฆืคืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืฉืช ืืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืจืื ืืชืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืฆืคืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืขืช ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืงืฆื ืืืืจื ืขื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืขืืฉื ืืจืืฉืืช.",
|
195 |
+
"ืืจืืื ืืชื ืขืื\"ื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืืช ืืืื ืืกื ืื' ืืืืจืื ื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืงืืืช ืื' ืื ื ืงืืืช ืืืคืืข ืจืื ืงืืจื ืขืื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืื'.",
|
196 |
+
"ืื ืื ืก ืืืจืืฅ ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืชืื ืืกื ื ืืฉืืื ืืชืืฆืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืชืฆืืื ื ืืื ืืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืขืชืื ืืื ืืืฉืืฆื ืื ืืืจืืฅ ืืืืจ ืืืื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืืฆืืชื ื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื'.",
|
197 |
+
"ืื ืื ืก ืืืงืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืืื ืขืกืง ืื ืื ืืจืคืืื ืื ืจืืคื ืื ื ืืชื ืืืฉืืฆื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืจืืคื ืืืืื.",
|
198 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ื ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืชืฉืื ืืจืื ืืืขืฉื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืืจื ืื ืชืคืืช ืฉืื ืืื ืืฆืืขืง ืืฉืขืืจ ืืจื ืื ืชืคืืช ืฉืื.",
|
199 |
+
"ืื ืื ืก ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืืชืจ ืืกืืจ ืืื ืขื ืืกืืจ ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืจื ืืืฉืื ืืื.",
|
200 |
+
"ืืืืฆืืืชื ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืืืจ ืืืื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืฉืืช ืืืงื ืืืืฉืื ืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืื ืฉืืช ืืืงื ืืืืฉืื ืงืจื ืืช ืฉืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืื ืืฉืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืขืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืื ื ืขืื ืืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืืงืื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืขืืืื ืืืื ืืงืืืื ืฉืืจ ืื ื ืจืฅ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืื ื ืจืฅ ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืช.",
|
201 |
+
"ืื ืื ืก ืืืจื ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืชืื ืืกื ื ืืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืื ืก ืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืืื ืกืชื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉืืืงืฉ ืืฆืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืชืืฆืืื ื ืืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืฉืืืฆืืชื ื ืืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืฉืืืฆืืชื ื ืืฉืืื ืื ืชืืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืชืฆืขืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืชืกืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืชืฆืืื ื ืืืฃ ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืจื.",
|
202 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืฆืขืง ืืื ืขื ืืขืชืื ืืื ืืืืงืฉ ืจืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืขื ืื ืฉืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืคื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืืช ืืช ืื' ืืืฉืืื ืชืืื ืืจื ืื ืืฉืืื."
|
203 |
+
],
|
204 |
+
[
|
205 |
+
"ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืื ืคืืชื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืฅ ืืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉื ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืืืจืื ืืกืืืื ืืืืืจืชื ืืืจืืช ืืคืืจืืช ืืืืืื ืื ืืืจืืช ืขืฉืืืช ืืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืืืจืืืช ืฉืืืจื ื ืฉืื ืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืคืืชื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืจืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืคืชืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืขื ืืืจืืช ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืจืืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืจืืื ืงืืจื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืจืืืช ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืคืืชื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืชื.",
|
206 |
+
"ืืฉ ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืชืื ืืืจืืืฃ ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืชื ืืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืคืจ ืืืื ืื ืื ืงืจืืื ืืืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืคื ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืฉ ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืขืงื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืกืคืื ื ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืช ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืขืงื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืงืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืงืืื ืืขืฉืืืชื.",
|
207 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืฉืื ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืงืช ื ืจ ืืฉืืช ืืืืืงืช ื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืืจืื ืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืื ืงืืื ืืขืฉืืืชื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืื ืฆืื ื ืืชืืจื ืฉืืชืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืจื ืื ืชืขืฉื ื ืืฆื ืขื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฆืขื ืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืฉืฆืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืข ืืืื ืฉืฆืื ื ืืืืืืง ื ืจ ืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืืงืจืืช ืืช ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืฆืืช ืฉืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื.",
|
208 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจืื ื ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืคื ื ืืกืื ื ืืืืจืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืกืื ื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืกืื ื ืืช ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืฉืชื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืกืื ืช ืขืืืงื ืฉืืื ื ืืืจื ืืฆืื ื ืืกื ื ืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื.",
|
209 |
+
"ืืขืืฉื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืจื ืื ืืฆืื ืฉืขืืืื ืขืฉืืืชื ืงืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืจ ืขืฉืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืฉืขืืจ ืืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืืฆื ืืจื ืฉื ืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืฉืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืื ืฉืืฉื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืชืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืจ ืฉื ืชืขืืฃ ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืืจ ืฉืืืฉ ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืฉื ืืืฉื ืืกืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืืื.",
|
210 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืกื ืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืคืจืืฉ ืชืจืืื ืืืขืฉืจืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืจ ืขืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื.",
|
211 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืืืจ ืขืฉืืืชื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืฉืขืืืื ืื ื ืชืงืืฉ ืืื ื ืฆืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืื ืืคืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืขืืงืจื ืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืืจื.",
|
212 |
+
"ืื ืืฆืื ืฉืขืฉืืืชื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืขืฉืืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืจ ืขืฉืืืชื ืฆืืื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืขืืฉื ืืฆืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฆื ืืขืืฉื ืกืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืคืจ ืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืชืคืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืขืฉืืื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืกืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืชืคืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืฉ ืืืจ ืขืฉืืืชื ืฆืืื ืืืจ ืืืืืชื ืืืจื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืฉื ืืกืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืข ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืืฉืืข ืงืื ืืฉืืคืจ ืื ืืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืฉืขืช ืืืืฉืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืฉืขืช ืงืืืขืช ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืขืงื ืืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืขืฉืืื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืขืงื ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื.",
|
213 |
+
"ืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืคืจ ืืกืืื ืืืืื ืืืงืจื ืืืืื ืื ืจ ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืงื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืขืงื ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ื ืชืืืจื ืืืื ื ืืฆืืืื ืืื ืขืช ืฉืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืื ื ืืคืืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืฉืขืช ืขืฉืืืชื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืกืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืฉืขืช ืขืฉืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื.",
|
214 |
+
"ืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืฆืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืืจื ืงืืื ืขืฉืืืชื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืฉืืืืื ื ืืื ืขื ืืฆืื ืฉืขืืฉื ืืืชื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืฆืืช ืืจืื ืืื ื ืืืจื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืขื ืืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื.",
|
215 |
+
"ืื ืืขืืฉื ืืฆืื ืืื ืฉืืืชื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืขืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืืชื ืืขืฆืื ืืืจื ืืขืฉืืช ืขืฉื ืืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืขืฉืืื.",
|
216 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืืืจื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ื ืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืจื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฉื ืืกืืื ืืืจื ืืืฉื ืืกืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืืง ื ืจ ืฉื ืฉืืช ืืืืืืจ ืืช ืืื ืืื ืื ืงืืข ืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืืจื ืืงืืืข ืืืืื ืขืฉื ืืขืงื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืขืฉืืช ืืขืงื ืืคืจืืฉ ืชืจืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืจื ืืืคืจืืฉ ืื ืืช ืื ื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืคืกืื ืืืืืืชื ืืืจื ืืฉืืื.",
|
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+
"ืืื ืื ืงืืข ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืจื ืขื ืงืืืขืช ืืืืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืขืงื ืืืจื ืขื ืขืฉืืืช ืืขืงื ืืคืจืืฉ ืืื ืชืจืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืคืจืฉืช ืชืจืืื ืื ืืช ืื ืืืืจื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืืื.",
|
218 |
+
"ืขืฉื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืขืฉืืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืขืืจืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืื ืชืืืื ืืืืฆืื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฆืื ืืืจืื ืืืจื ืืขืฉืืช ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืืืข ืงืื ืฉืืคืจ.",
|
219 |
+
"ื ืื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืจื ืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืฆื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืงืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืืื ืืืื ืืชื ืืื ืฉืืืืจื ืืืจ ืฉืขืฉื ืืืจื ืขื ืืขืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืจืฉืืช ืื ืืคืืื ืฉืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืื ืืขื ืืกืื ืืื ืืขื ื ืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืขืืจ ืืืฅ ืืื ืฉืืืง ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืฉืืืง ืืืืจืื ืฉืืฉืขื ืฉืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ื ืขืฉืืช ืืฆืืช ืืืืขืืจ ืงืืื ืฉืืืืืง ืืื ืฉืืชืืืจ ืืืงืืื.",
|
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"ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืข\"ืคืฉืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืช ืขืจืื ืืฉืืืขื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืงืจืืืช ืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื ืฉื ืคืกื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืขืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืกืชืคืง ืื ืื ืืขืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืฆืจืืื ืืืจืื ืืืจืืืช ืืฆืจืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื:ืกืืืง ืืืืืช ืืจืืืช."
|
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]
|
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],
|
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"sectionNames": [
|
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+
"Chapter",
|
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+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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+
}
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Blessings/Hebrew/merged.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/English/Jad Haghasakkah, trans. by L. Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851. Corrected and edited by Igor Itkin - German [de].json
ADDED
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+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Fringes",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.talmud.de/tlmd/mischne-tora/",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Jad Haghasakkah, trans. by L. Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851. Corrected and edited by Igor Itkin - German [de]",
|
6 |
+
"license": "Public Domain",
|
7 |
+
"versionNotes": "Mandelstammโs translation has been corrected according to an unrevised Hebrew edition, missing segments and explanatory brackets were added by Igor Itkin. This project was enabled thanks to the Freimann collection at Goethe University Frankfurt, and to Transkribus software.",
|
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+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "",
|
9 |
+
"versionNotesInHebrew": "ืืชืจืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืชืืงื ืขื ืคื ืืืืืืจื ืขืืจืืช, ืงืืขืื ืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืืื ืืกืืจ ื ืืกืคื ืขื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืงืื. ืคืจืืืงื ืื ืืชืืคืฉืจ ืชืืืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืคืจืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืกืืืช ืืชื ืคืจื ืงืคืืจื, ืืชืืื ืช Transkribus.",
|
10 |
+
"shortVersionTitle": "Leon Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851",
|
11 |
+
"actualLanguage": "de",
|
12 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "german",
|
13 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
14 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
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+
"direction": "ltr",
|
16 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช",
|
17 |
+
"categories": [
|
18 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
19 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
20 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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+
],
|
22 |
+
"text": [
|
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+
[
|
24 |
+
"Der, am Saum des Kleides aus gleichartigem Stoffe verfertigte Zipfel, wird Zizit (Fransen) genannt, da er den Haarfransen gleicht, von welchen es heiรt: ยปUnd er ergriff mich an der Zizit meines Hauptesยซ (Jechezkel 8,3); dieser Fransen wird das Weiรe genannt, weil wir nicht gehalten sind denselben zu fรคrben; auch ist in der Torah keine Anzahl festgesetzt fรผr die Fรคden dieses Zipfels.",
|
25 |
+
"Man nehme einen Wollfaden von himmelblauer Farbe, und umwickle damit den Zipfel; โ dieser Faden wird das Azur genannt. Auch fรผr die Umwicklungen dieses Fadens ist in der Torah keine Zahl bestimmt.",
|
26 |
+
"Folglich haben wir in diesem Gebote zwei Abteilungen:I) dass man am Saume des Kleides einen Zipfel verlรคngern, undII) dass man um diesen Zipfel einen himmelblauen Faden wickeln solle, denn es heiรt (4. B. M. 16,38): ยปUnd sie sollen sich Fransen machen, und sollen รผber den Fransen des Kleidsaums einen azurnen Faden tunยซ.",
|
27 |
+
"Das Azur nun, ist nicht hinderlich rรผckwirkend auf das Weiรe, wie auch umgekehrt, das Weiรe nicht hinderlich rรผckwirkend auf das Azur ist; wer nรคmlich das Azur nicht hat, mache bloร das Weiรe, oder, hat man Weiร und Azur angebracht, das Weiรe aber sich losgerissen bis an den Saum des Kleides, so dass das Azur allein รผbrig blieb, so ist auch dieses hinreichend.",
|
28 |
+
"Obgleich diese beiden Fรคlle nicht hinderlich rรผckwirkend auf einander sind, so bilden selbige doch nicht zwei Gebote, sondern bloร ein einziges; โ die ersten Weisen sagten: ยปUnd dieses sei Euch zum Fransenยซ,โ dieses will soviel sagen, als: Diese beiden bilden ein einziges Gebot. Wohl aber sind alle vier Fransen gegenseitig durch einander bedingt, indem sie alle vier unter demselben Gebote verstanden werden;โ legt nun Jemand ein Kleid um, in welchem Weiร oder Azur, oder auch beides zusammen sich befindet, so hat er ein Gebot erfรผllt.",
|
29 |
+
"Die Zizit werden auf folgende Weise verfertigt: Man beginnt bei einer Ecke des Kleides, welche das Ende des Gewebes bildet, und zwar in einer Entfernung von nicht mehr als drei Fingerbreiten nach oben, und nicht weniger als eine Daumennagelbreite vom Rande, bringe daselbst vier Fรคden hinein, und schlage sie in einen Fransen zusammen, so, dass von der Ecke des Kleides acht gedrillte Fรคden herabhรคngen,โ die Lรคnge dieser Fรคden darf nicht weniger als vier Fingerbreiten betragen, wohl aber mehr, ja sogar bis zu einer oder zwei Ellen; โ unter Fingerbreiten verstehen wir den Daumen;โ von diesen acht Fรคden nun, muss einer Azur und sieben weiร sein.",
|
30 |
+
"Man nehme nun einen Faden von dem Weiรen, umwickele mit demselben alle Fรคden ein Mal nahe beim Saum des Kleides, und lasse ihn dann hรคngen, โnehme den Azur- faden, schlage denselben zwei Mal unter die erste Umwickelung und mache darauf einen Knoten. Diese drei Umwicklungen werden ein Chulja (Wirbel) genannt; โ dann lasse man einen kleinen Zwischenraum, bilde einen zweiten Chulja (Wirbel) bloร mit dem Azurfaden, lasse wieder einen Zwischenraum, und bilde einen dritten Chulja (Wirbel); โ ebenso verfahre man mit dem vierten Chulja (Wirbel), nur dass man jetzt zwei Mal mit dem Azurfaden und das dritte und letzte Mal mit dem weiรen Faden umschlage; โ da man nรคmlich mit dem weiรen Faden angefangen, und bei Heiligtรผmern wohl eine Steigerung, nicht aber eine Verminderung gestattet wird. Mit dem weiรen Faden aber muss man deshalb beginnen, damit sich derselbe nahe am gleichartigen Stoffe des Kleidsaumes befinde; โ auf diese Weise verfahre man an allen vier Enden.",
|
31 |
+
"Wie viele der Chulja (Wirbel) muss man also an jedem Ende machen? โ Nicht weniger als sieben, und nicht mehr als dreizehn; dieses jedoch ist nur der Pรผnktlichkeit halber, hat man aber nur einen Chulja (Wirbel) gemacht, so ist es auch genรผgend; โ ist der grรถรte Teil des Zipfels mit dem Azurfaden umwickelt worden, so ist er zwar zulรคssig, jedoch gehรถrt es zur Schรถnheit desselben, dass alle Chulja (Wirbel) zusammen nur ein Drittel der gedrillten Fรคden einnehmen, und zwei Drittel frei herabhรคngen; diese herabhรคngenden Fรคden mรผssen auseinander geriffelt werden, so dass sie wie ein Fransen Haare am Kopf aussehen.",
|
32 |
+
"Macht man den ganzen Zipfel weiร, ohne Azur, so nehme man einen von den acht Fรคden, und schlage damit Ringe um die รผbrigen, bis auf ein Drittel ihrer Lรคnge, so dass zwei Drittel frei herabhรคngen; โ diese Umwickelung kann ebenfalls Chulja (Wirbel)weise, ganz wie mit dem Azurfaden veranstaltet werden, wie es auch bei uns Sitte ist; will man jedoch die Umwickelung ohne Chulja (Wirbel)zahl machen, so ist auch dieses gestattet. Hauptsรคchlich aber ist darauf zu achten, dass die Umwickelung selbst nur ein Drittel, die herabhรคngenden Fรคden aber deren zwei ausmachen. Manche beobachten selbst dieses nicht bei bloร weiรen Fรคden; was aber die Zulรคssigkeit der Zipfel betrifft, so kommt es nicht darauf an, ob die, mit dem Weiรen geschlagenen Ringe den grรถรten Teil der Faden einnehmen, oder ob nur ein Chulja (Wirbel) geschlagen worden.",
|
33 |
+
"Es kommt ganz auf den Verfertiger der Zizit selbst an, โ sei es mit Azur oder nicht, โ ob er die Fรคden drehen will. โ Selbst wenn der Faden achtfรคltig, jedoch so gedreht ist, dass er wie ein einzelner Faden aussieht, โ so wird er dennoch jedenfalls nur als ein Faden betrachtet.",
|
34 |
+
"Die Fรคden der Zipfel, โ ganz gleich, seien sie weiร oder azurfarben, โ mรผssen eigens dazu gesponnen sein, auch darf man dieselben nicht aus der Wolle machen, welche an Dornen hรคngen blieb, wรคhrend die Schafe dazwischen lagerten, noch von den Haaren, die einem Vieh ausgerissen werden, auch nicht von den Endfรคden eines Gewebes, sondern von reiner Wollschur, oder aus Flachs; โ eben so wenig dรผrfen selbige aus geraubter Wolle, noch aus solcher verfertigt werden, die einer, zum Gรถtzendienste verfรผhrten Stadt angehรถrt, ebenfalls nicht aus Wolle, die zu heiligem Gebrauche bestimmt war; โ sind die Zipfel aus solcher Wolle gemacht worden, so sind selbige unzulรคssig. Wenn Jemand ein Vieh abgรถttisch verehrt, so wird die Wolle dieses Viehs zu Zizit unzulรคssig, โ abgรถttisch verehrter wachsender Flachs dagegen, ist zulรคssig, weil er spรคter seine Gestalt verรคndert.",
|
35 |
+
"Schรคufรคden, die ein Heide verfertigt, sind unzulรคssig, denn es heiรt: (4. B. M. 15, 38) ยปRede zu den Kindern Israelโฆ, dass sie sich Zizit machenยซ.โ Waren selbige von einem Israeliten, wenn auch ohne Andacht, gemacht, so sind sie dennoch zulรคssig; โ solche Zizit dagegen, die von bereits im Gebrauch gewesenen verfertigt werden, sind unzulรคssig.",
|
36 |
+
"Wenn man z. B. die Ecke eines Kleides, woran bereits ein Zipfel angebracht ist, an ein anderes Kleid nรคht, selbst wenn diese Ecke eine Quadrat-Elle groร ist, so bleibt selbige immer unzulรคssig, denn es heiรt ยปUnd sie sollen sich Zizit machenยซ nicht also, aus bereits gemachten welche benutzen, denn dieses wรคre ja so viel wie von selbst entstanden;โ dagegen istโs erlaubt, die Schaufรคden aus einem Kleide zu lรถsen, und sie bei einem anderen anzubringen, seien es nun weiรe, oder azurfarbene.",
|
37 |
+
"Wenn man zwei Ecken eines Kleides durch Fรคden dergestalt verbunden, dass, nachdem jedes einzelne Ende des Kleides mit Zizit zubereitet worden, man die Fรคden in der Mitte auseinander geschnitten, um die, auf diese Weise auf ein Mal zubereiteten zwei Zizit zu trennen, so ist dieses unzulรคssig; denn so lange beide Enden durch die Fรคden vereinigt waren, sind sie ja als widersetzlich in der Form unzulรคssig, und, โ wurden sie gleich durch den Schnitt zu zwei Zipfeln, so sind dadurch gleichsam aus bereits Gemachten entstanden, und deshalb wiederum unzulรคssig.",
|
38 |
+
"Hat man Zizit auf Zizit angebracht, so kommt es darauf an, ob man dabei sogleich die Absicht gehabt hierdurch die ersten aufzuheben, โ in welchem Falle man nur die ersten zu lรถsen oder wegzuschneiden braucht, wodurch die neuen zulรคssig werden. โ War die Absicht aber dabei die, dadurch eine Zugabe zu bewerkstelligen, so bleiben beide unzulรคssig, selbst wenn man spรคter eine davon wegschnitt; denn durch die Zugabe wurden beide unzulรคssig,โ lรถst oder schneidet man nun eine ab, so ist das รbrige, als aus bereits Gemachten verfertigt zu betrachten, da die erste Anbringung bereits gleichsam ungesetzlich wurde.",
|
39 |
+
"Ebenso,โ wenn man Zipfel an einem dreieckigen Kleide angebracht hat, das Ganze spรคter zu einem Vierecke umgestaltet, und an das vierte Ende noch einen vierten Zipfel gemacht, so bleibt auch dies Ganze immerhin unzulรคssig: denn es heiรt: ยปDu sollst machenยซ, nicht aber von bereits Gemachten.",
|
40 |
+
"Man darf das Kleid nicht zu einem Vierecke Zusammenlegen, und dann in die vier Ecken des so doppelt Zusammengelegten, Zizit anbringen, auรer etwa wenn das Kleid vorher so zusammengenรคht worden, und wรคre es auch nur an einer Seite.",
|
41 |
+
"Riss die Ecke, an welchem der Zipfel angebracht war, hรถher als drei Fingerbreit vom Saum, ab, so ist es erlaubt dieselbe an derselben Stelle wieder zusammenzunรคhen; geschah der Riร aber tiefer, so ist dies nicht gestattet.โ Wurde die Kante des Kleides, welche sich zwischen dem Ende des Gewebes befindet, ausgeriffelt, so bleibt sie dennoch zulรคssig, wรคre auch noch so wenig davon รผbrig geblieben,โ gleichfalls, wenn die Fรคden der Zizit von selbst sich abgenutzt, und nur noch so viel von denselben รผbrig geblieben, um einen Knoten bilden zu kรถnnen, so sind sie dennoch zulรคssig; wurden die Fรคden aber dicht an der Wurzel abgerissen, und wรคre es selbst nur einer derselben, so wird die Zizit dadurch unzulรคssig."
|
42 |
+
],
|
43 |
+
[
|
44 |
+
"Die Azurfรคden, deren in der Torah รผberall Erwรคhnung geschieht, sind Wolle, gefรคrbt in einer Mischung von Augenschminken, die wie das Himmelblaue aussieht, welches sich bei Sonnenschein, an unbewรถlkten Stellen des Himmels zeigt, die Azurfรคden der Zizit mรผssen mit einer solchen รคchten Farbe gefรคrbt werden, die ihren vollen Glanz beibehรคlt, ohne auszubleichen; โ Alles, was nicht mit einer solchen Farbe gefรคrbt ist, โ mag es auch immer wie himmelblau aussehen, โ darf nicht als zulรคssig zur Verfertigung der Zizit angesehn, werden, wie z. B. Fรคden welche mit Isatis (Indigo), Schwรคrze, oder irgend unhaltbaren Farbstoffen gefรคrbt worden.โ Die Wolle eines, von einer Ziege geworfenen Schafes, ist ebenfalls zu Zizit unzulรคssig.",
|
45 |
+
"Die Azurfรคden zu den Zizit werden folgendermaรen gefรคrbt: Man weiche die Wolle zuerst in Kalk, dann wasche man sie so lange, bis sie ganz rein wird, siede sie in Alaun, oder dergleichen von Fรคrbern gebrauchten Materialien, damit die Wolle die Farbe besser einsauge, โ hierauf nehme man das Blut von Chaleson (Tintenfisch), eines Fisches dessen Farbe himmelblau, und dessen Blut schwarz wie Tinte ist, und welcher im toten Meer gefunden wird; โ dieses Blut nun wird, mit Beimischung verschiedener Farbstoffe, wie z. B. Potasche (Alkalisches Salz), oder dergleichen Materialien, wie solche die Fรคrber anwenden, in einen Kessel getan, gesiedet, und die Wolle darin so lange liegen gelassen, bis sie himmelblau wird, wo dann sie zur Verfertigung von Schaufรคden gebraucht werden kann.",
|
46 |
+
"Die Azurfรคden der Zizit mรผssen eigens zu diesem Gebrauche gefรคrbt worden sein, ist dies nicht der Fall, so sind selbige unzulรคssig. โ Hatte man in einem Kessel die oben erwรคhnte Farbe zubereitet, und etwas Wolle zur Probe hineingetaucht, um sich zu รผberzeugen, ob die Farbe gut sei oder nicht, so wird dadurch die ganze Farbe im Kessel unzulรคssig; โ um nun zu jener รberzeugung zu gelangen, nehme man also in ein kleines Geschirr etwas Farbe aus dem Kessel heraus, lege den Flocken Wolle hinein, um die Probe damit anzustellen, verbrenne darauf diesen Flocken, der ja ohnehin nur zur Probe gefรคrbt worden, gieรe die Probefarbe, die sich im Geschirre befand, weg, weil dieselbe durch den Versuch selbst unzulรคssig geworden, und fรคrbe dann erst die Fรคden in der, im Kessel zubereiteten Farbe.",
|
47 |
+
"Wolle, die bereits zu Azur gefรคrbt worden, darf nur von einem bewรคhrten Manne gekauft werden, indem sonst zu besorgen stรคnde, dass sie vielleicht nicht eigens zu Zizit gefรคrbt worden; โ hat man aber die Wolle auch wirklich von einem bewรคhrten Manne gekauft, bei Untersuchung derselben jedoch ergibt es sich, dass sie mit gewรถhnlichen, unhaltbaren Schwรคrzen gefรคrbt sei, so ist selbige dennoch unzulรคssig.",
|
48 |
+
"Auf welche Weise ist die Wolle zu untersuchen, ob sie vorschriftsmรครig gefรคrbt worden sei, oder nicht? โ Hierzu nehme man Stroh, Schneckenschleim und Urin, welcher vierzig Tage lang abgestanden, und lasse die Azurfรคden vierundzwanzig Stunden in dieser Mischung weichen; โ halten sie nach diesem Versuche dennoch Farbe, ohne auszubleichen, so sind sie echt gefรคrbt: blichen sie aber aus, so nehme man Gerstenteig, welcher zu Fischlake vorbereitet worden, lege die abgeblichenen Azurfรคden hinein, backe den Teig samt den Fรคden in einem Ofen, und nehme letztere dann heraus, um nachzusehen, ob sie noch mehr ausgeblichen, in welchem Falle sie unzulรคssig sind; โ haben sie im Gegenteil ihre Farbe wieder erhalten, oder ist selbige noch lebhafter geworden als vor dem Backen, so sind sie zulรคssig.",
|
49 |
+
"Aus einem Laden, in welchem Azurfรคden verkauft werden, die in dem Rufe der Gesetzmรครigkeit stehen, darf man solche kaufen, ohne weitere Versuche darรผber anzustellen, bis irgend ein Grund zum Argwohn sich darbieten sollte; โ Azurfรคden, die sich bei einem Nicht-Israeliten in Verwahrung befanden, werden unzulรคssig, weil es mรถglich ist, dass solche vertauscht worden sein kรถnnten; waren sie jedoch in einem doppelt versiegelten Gefรครe eingeschlossen, und zwar Siegel auf Siegel, so sind sie zulรคssig, ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ unter einfachem Siegel verwahrt, sind sie unzulรคssig.",
|
50 |
+
"Azurwolle, die auf der Straรe gefunden worden, wรคr es selbst in einzelnen in Stรผcke geschnittenen Fรคden, sind dennoch unzulรคssig; โ waren sie aber zusammengedrillt, so sind sie zulรคssig. Kauft Jemand auf der Straรe von einem Israeliten ein bereits mit Zizit versehenes Kleid, so bleibt solches in seiner wahrscheinlichen Gesetzlichkeit; kaufte man aber ein solches Kleid von einem Nicht-Israeliten, so ist es nur dann zulรคssig, wenn der Verkรคufer ein Kaufmann war.",
|
51 |
+
"An einem Kleid welches ganz rot, grรผn oder sonst einfarbig ist, mache man die Zizitweiรfรคden nach der Farbe des Kleides, je nachdem rot, grรผn oder dergleichen; war aber das Kleid ganz Azurblau, so mรผssen die Zizitweiรfรคden aus anderen Farben gemacht werden, nur nicht aus Schwarz, weil dieses dem Blau รคhnlich ist; diese Zizitweiรfรคden aber umbinde man mit einem Azurfaden, wie dieses bei anderen, nicht gefรคrbten Zipfeln der Fall ist.",
|
52 |
+
"Die Strafbarkeit desjenigen, der sich die Zizitweiรfรคden nicht anschafft, ist grรถรer als dessen, welcher die Azurfรคden weglรคsst: indem Weiรfรคden Jedem zu Gebote stehen, wรคhrend die Azurfรคden wegen der oben genannten Farbe, nicht an jedem Ort, oder nicht zu jeder Zeit zu finden sind."
|
53 |
+
],
|
54 |
+
[
|
55 |
+
"Ein Kleid, an dem ein Israelit, den Vorschriften der Torah gemรคร, Zizit anzubringen verpflichtet ist, muss wenigsten vier Ecken haben, und so groร sein, dass mit denselben der Kopf und der grรถรte Teil des Kรถrpers eines Knaben bedeckt werden kรถnne, der in dem Alter ist, dass man ihn ohne รผberwachende Begleitung auf die Straรe lassen darf; auch muss ein solches Kleid entweder aus Wolle, oder auch Flachs sein.",
|
56 |
+
"Kleider aber von anderen Stoffen, wie z. B. aus Seide, Baumwolle, Kamel- Ziegen- oder Hasenhaar und dergleichen, sind nur den Vorschriften der Weisen nach zizitpflichtig,โwelche Bestimmung nur deshalb getroffen worden, um die Beobachtung des Gebotes desto strenger anzuempfehlen; jedoch mรผssen jedenfalls die Kleider wenigstens vier Ecken und das oben angefรผhrte Maร haben; denn รผberall, wo in der Torah selbst von Kleidern die Rede ist, werden darunter nur Kleider von Wolle oder Flachs verstanden.",
|
57 |
+
"ยปAn den vier Ecken deines Kleidesยซ (5. B.M. 22,12) also ein Kleid, welches wenigstens vier Enden, und kein solches, welches deren nur drei hat. Sollte hieraus aber nicht der Schluss gezogen werden kรถnnen: ebenfalls auch kein fรผnf-, kein sechseckiges? Mit nichten, denn ebendaselbst heiรt es ยปmit welchem du dich bedeckstยซ, folglichโ auch ein fรผnf- und sechseckiges. Weshalb aber erkennen wir ein fรผnf- oder sechseckiges als zizithpfiichtig an, wรคhrend wir doch die dreieckigen ausschlieรen, da doch beide nicht der Bedingung von ยปvier Eckenยซ entsprechen? Weil die Zahl fรผnf, auch die Zahl vier mit bedingt. Bringt man aber bei einem fรผnf- oder sechseckigen Kleide Zizit an, so geschehe dieses nur an den vier รคuรersten Ecken, denn es heiรt: ยปAn den vier Enden deines Kleidesยซ.",
|
58 |
+
"Ein Kleid aus irgend einem Gewebe mit ledernen Ecken ist zizitpflichtig, ein ledernes Kleid dagegen mit Ecken aus gewebtem Stoffe, ist es nicht, indem man sich stets nur nach dem Hauptstoffe zu richten hat. Ein Kleid welches zwei Eigentรผmern gehรถrt, ist ebenfalls zizitpflichtig, denn es heiรt: ยปAn den Ecken ihrer Kleiderยซ; und, wenn es wiederum heiรt ยปdeines Kleidesยซ, โ so wollte die Schrift hiermit wiederum nur ein geborgtes Kleid ausschlieรen, weil ein solches dreiรig Tage der Zizitpflichtigkeit รผberhoben, und erst nach dieser Frist wieder zizitpflichtig wird.",
|
59 |
+
"An einem Kleide aus Wolle mache man die Zizitweiรfรคden ebenfalls aus Wolle, an einem Leinenen, aus Flachs, an jedem Kleide aber von anderen Stoffen, ans den Fรคden desselben Stoffes, wie das Kleid selbst; so mรผssen also an einem seidenen Kleide die Zizitweiรfรคden aus Seide, โ an einem Kleidungsstรผck aus Ziegenhaaren aberโdie Schaufรคden aus Ziegenhaar sein; wollte man aber zu Kleidern aus anderen Stoffen die Zizitfรคden aus Wolle oder Flachs machen, so ist dies gestattet, da Wolle und Flachs โ sowohl fรผr ihre eigenen, wie auch fรผr andere Gattungen von Stoff, zu Zizitfรคden zulรคssig sind. Fรคden anderer Stoffe hingegen genรผgen nur bei Kleidern derselben Stoffgattung, nicht aber bei denen anderer Gattung.",
|
60 |
+
"Darf man aber Wollfรคden zu den Zizit an Leinenkleidern, oder Flachs zu den Schaufรคden von Wollenkleidern nehmen, und zwar in dem Falle, wo die Zizit nur aus Weiรfรคden ohne Azur bestehen? โ Eigentlich wohl, da das Schaatnes (Stoffmischung) in Bezug auf Zizit erlaubt ist, da man ja Azurfรคden, die doch aus Wolle bestehen, bei leinenen Kleidern anbringt; โ dennoch vermeide man Obiges, und zwar aus dem Grunde, weil man die Weiรfรคden ja ohne Weiteres aus demselben Stoffe machen kann und es eine allgemeine Regel ist, dass รผberall, wo ein Gebot sich im Conflicte mit einem Verbote findet, man suchen mรผsse Beide zu beobachten, und bloร wenn dieses nicht mรถglich ist, so mรถge das Gebot das Verbot verdrรคngen: im vorliegenden Falle aber โ ist die Mรถglichkeit vorhanden, beide zu erfรผllen.",
|
61 |
+
"An einem leinenen Kleide bringe man gar keine Azur-, sondern nur Weiรfรคden an, und zwar aus Flachs; โ diese Verordnung grรผndet sich nicht etwa darauf, dass das Gebot der Zizit von dem Verbote der Stoffmischung (Schaatnes) verdrรคngt werde, โ sondern ist nur eine Vorsichtsmaรregel der Weisen: weil man sich Nachts mit einem solchen Kleide zudecken kรถnnte, zu welcher Zeit die Pflicht der Zizit aufhรถrt, und auf diese Weise das Verbot nicht beachtet wรผrde, ohne dass man durch ein Gebot dazu berechtigt wรคre; dass aber die Zizitpflicht sich nur auf den Tag, nicht aber auf die Nacht beziehe, erhellt aus den Worten: ยปUnd ihr sollt ihn sehen (den Schaufaden), โ folglich, ist hier die Zeit gemeint, wo man sehen kann; โ ein Blinder aber ist dessen ungeachtet zizithpflichtig, weil, wenngleich er die Zizit auch nicht sieht, Andere dieselben sehen kรถnnen.",
|
62 |
+
"Es ist aber einem Jeden gestattet ein Zizitkleid, bei Nacht, โsowohl in der Woche, wie auch am Sabbat ohne Weiteres umzulegen, wenn dieses nur ohne vorangehenden Segensspruch geschieht; zur vorschriftsmรครigen Zeit hingegen โ spreche man รผber die Zizit den Segensspruch, nรคmlich Morgens von der Zeit an, wo man die Azurfรคden von den Weiรfรคden zu unterscheiden im Stande ist; der Segen aber lautet: ยปGelobt seist Du, Ewiger, unser Gott, Kรถnig der Welt, der uns geheiligt durch seine Gesetze und uns geboten, uns in Zizit zu hรผllen. โ Den ganzen Tag รผber muss man, bei Umlegung des Zizitkleides jedesmal diesen Segensspruch wiederholen; โ beim Verfertigen der Zizit aber spreche man den Segen nicht, da der Schluss der Erfรผllung des Gebotes im Umlegen besteht.",
|
63 |
+
"Es ist erlaubt, mit Zizit am Kleid auch unreine Orte und Badstuben zu betreten; โ wurden aus den Zizit einzelne Weiร- oder Azurfรคden abgerissen, so kann man selbige sogar auf den Misthaufen werfen, indem die Zizit nur das Mittel zur Erfรผllung eines Gebotes sind, ohne an und fรผr sich selbst Heiligkeit zu besitzen. Verboten ist es dagegen, ein, mit Zizit versehenes Kleid โ einem Heiden zu verkaufen, ohne vorher die Zizit davon abgelรถst zu haben, und zwar nicht aus dem Grunde irgendeiner Heiligkeit am Kleide selbst, sondern aus Besorgnis dass der Heide sich in dieses Kleid hรผllen, und sich fรผr einen Israeliten ausgeben kรถnne. โ Frauen, Knechte und Kinder, sind laut der Torah, von der Zizitpflichtigkeit befreit, doch haben die Gelehrten verordnet. dass, sobald ein Knabe im Stande ist das Gewand selbst umzunehmen, er dadurch auch zizithpflichtig werde, damit er sich an die Erfรผllung der Gebote gewรถhne. Wenn Frauen oder Knechte sich in Zizit hรผllen wollen, so steht ihnen dieses frei, doch dรผrfen sie dabei nicht den Segen sprechen;โ auf dieselbe Weise verhรคlt es sich mit allen Geboten, von denen die Frauen freigestellt sind,โ sie kรถnnen sie erfรผllen, jedoch ohne den vorschriftsmรครigen Segensspruch dabei. Verwachsene und Hermaphroditen aber sind, der Unentschiedenheit wegen, gehalten die Pflicht zu erfรผllen: jedoch ebenfalls ohne den Segensspruch dabei zu sprechen.",
|
64 |
+
"Die Zizitpflichtigkeit aber beurkundet sich wie folgt: Jedermann der zizithpflichtig ist, und ein zur Anbringung der Schaufรคden geeignetes Kleid umlegen will, ist gehalten โ erst die Zizit anzubringen, und dann erst das Kleid umzulegen, that er letzteres aber, bevor die Zizit angebracht waren, so hat er ein Gebot vernachlรคssigt. Kleider aber, welche bereits zizithpflichtig sind, werden dennoch so lange als davon dispensirt angesehn, bis sie Jemand umlegen will, da die Zizit nicht als Pflicht des Kleides, sondern des Menschen anzusehen, der dasselbe trรคgt.",
|
65 |
+
"Obgleich nun niemand verpflichtet ist, sich ein Kleid zu kaufen, und solches anzulegen, โ um Zizit anbringen zu kรถnnen, so ziemt es sich doch fรผr keinen frommen Mann, sich der Erfรผllung dieses Gebotes zu entziehen, sondern bestrebe sich immer ein Jeder, ein solches Kleid zu haben, das zizithpflichtig wรคre, um dieses Gebot erfรผllen zu kรถnnen; wรคhrend des Gebetes aber โ ist dieses noch besonders zu beachten; โ fรผr Gelehrte wรคre es sogar eine Schmach, im Gebete Dazustehen, ohne sich dabei in Zizit gehรผllt zu haben.",
|
66 |
+
"Jedermann habe stets das Gebot der Zizit besonders im Auge, indem die Schrift es abgewรคgt, und gleichsam daran alle Gebote geknรผpft, denn es heiรt (4 B. M. 15) ยปDenn ihr werdet ihn sehen, und euch dabei erinnern aller Gebote des Ewigenยซ."
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[
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"The fringe that is attached to the corner of the garment and produced of the same type of material as the garment is called <i>tsitsith</i>, because it is like a lock of hair, as it is written: \"He took me by a lock of my head\" (Ezekiel 8:3). This fringe is called <i>the white</i>, because we are not commanded to dye it. No definite number of threads is prescribed in the Torah.",
|
26 |
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"A thread of wool dyed purple-blue, the color of the sky, is taken and entwined in the fringe. This thread is called <i>the blue</i>. The number of times this thread should be wound is not specified in the Torah.",
|
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|
28 |
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|
29 |
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"Although the blue in the fringes and the white do not impair each other [even if a fringe is all white or all blue it remains valid], they do not constitute two precepts but one affirmative precept. The ancient sages interpreted: <i>You shall have it as a fringe</i> (Numbers 15:39) to mean that both, the white and the blue, constitute one precept. The absence of any one of the four fringes makes the others invalid, since all the four constitute one precept. Anyone who wears the garment with white or blue fringes, or both together, fulfills the positive command."
|
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|
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|
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"The garment that one is biblically obligated to provide with fringes is a four-cornered garment or one that has more than four corners. Its size should be large enough to cover the head and greater part of the body of a child big enough to walk by himself in the street without requiring anyone to watch and accompany him. The garment should be of wool or linen.",
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"Although one is not obligated to buy a garment and enwrap himself in it so as to provide it with fringes, yet it is improper for a devout man to exempt himself from observing this precept. He should always strive to wear a garment that requires fringes, so as to perform this precept. He should take special care of this during prayer. It is very disrespectful for scholars to recite prayers without being enwrapped in a <i>tallith</i>.",
|
44 |
+
"One should always be heedful of the precept concerning fringes, since the Torah regards it to be of such importance that all the commandments have been made to depend on it, as it is written: \"When you look upon it you will remember to do all the commands of the Lord\" (Numbers 15:39)."
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"The tassel that is made on the fringes of a garment<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The word <i>anaf</i>, translated as \"tassel,\" literally means \"branch.\" Just as a branch is an extension of the tree, the tzitzit are extensions of the fringes.</i> from the same fabric as the garment<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See Chapter 3, Halachah 5.</i> is called tzitzit,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">in Numbers 15:38-39. Deuteronomy 22:12 refers to these tassels as <i>g'dilim</i> (braids).</i> because it resembles the locks of the head, as [Ezekiel 8:3] relates, \"And he took me by the locks of my head.\"<br>This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note Halachah 8, which derives a halachic ruling from this comparison of terms.</i> tassel is called the white [strands], because we are not commanded to dye it.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">According to the Torah alone (ืืืืืจืืืชื), we are obligated to place tzitzit only on fabrics of linen and wool (Chapter 3, Halachah 1). Both fabrics are white and need not be dyed.</i> The Torah did not establish a fixed number of strands for this tassel.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though the Rabbis established a fixed practice, as explained in Halachah 6, according to the Torah alone (ืืืืืจืืืชื) there is no fixed number of strands. Though there are some sources that appear to indicate that the Torah also fixed the number of strands required, <i>Sanhedrin</i> 88b concludes that the essence of the mitzvah of tzitzit is a Torah obligation; its explanation, however, is Rabbinic in origin.<br>Significantly, the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:12) rules that if one includes more than eight strands in tzitzit, they are unacceptable. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:1 goes further and states that by doing so, one violates the prohibition forbidding adding to a Torah commandment. Note the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 11:60, which quotes other opinions that differ.</i>",
|
28 |
+
"Then we take a strand of wool that is dyed a sky-like color<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., sky-blue. <i>Menachot</i> 43b relates that this color is also reminiscent of God's throne.</i> and wind it around this tassel. This strand is called <i>techelet</i>.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam discusses the nature of this dye and its preparation in Chapter 2.</i> The Torah did not establish a fixed requirement for the number of times that this strand should be wound [around the tassel].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 39a requires that the strand of <i>techelet</i> be wound at least seven times around the tassel, as explained in Halachah 8. This is a Rabbinic ordinance.</i>",
|
29 |
+
"Thus, this mitzvah contains two commandments: to make a tassel on the fringe [of a garment], and to wind a strand of <i>techelet</i> around the tassel. [Both these dimensions are indicated by Numbers 15:38, which] states: \"And you shall make tassels... and you shall place on the tassels of the corner a strand of <i>techelet</i>.\"",
|
30 |
+
"The [absence of] <i>techelet</i> does not prevent [the mitzvah from being fulfilled with] the white strands, nor does the [absence of] the white strands prevent [the mitzvah from being fulfilled with] <i>techelet</i>.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this aspect, they resemble the arm tefillin and the head tefillin. (See <i>Hilchot Tefillin</i> 4:4.) As explained in the following halachah, however, unlike tefillin, they are counted as one mitzvah and not two.</i><br>What is implied? A person who does not have <i>techelet</i> should make [tzitzit] from white strands alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is the practice in the present age, when we do not know how to obtain <i>techelet</i>. Even in Talmudic times, when <i>techelet</i> was available, it was very expensive, and many of the common people made their tzitzit without it.</i> Similarly, if [tzitzit] were made from both white strands and <i>techelet</i>, and afterwards, the white strands snapped and were reduced until [they did not extend beyond] the corner [of the garment],<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The explanation of the Rambam's statements has been debated by the commentaries. Our translation is based on the Rambam's Commentary on the Mishnah, <i>Menachot</i> 4:1.</i> and thus only the <i>techelet</i> remained, it is acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> emphasizes that the Rambam does not accept tzitzit that were made from <i>techelet</i> without any white strands. Since the verse states, \"and you shall place on the tassels of the corner a strand of <i>techelet</i>,\" there must be tassels of white strands around which to wind the <i>techelet</i>. Once this has been done, however, if the white strands are severed, one can still fulfill the mitzvah with the <i>techelet</i> alone.</i>",
|
31 |
+
"Although the [absence of] one does not prevent [the mitzvah from being fulfilled with] the other, they are not considered as two mitzvot.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In General Principle 11 of <i>Sefer HaMitzvot</i>, the Rambam writes:<br>One might think that since neither is dependent on the other, they would be counted as two mitzvot.... [Nevertheless,] they are a single mitzvah... because they have a single objective, \"that you remember all the mitzvot....\" All the elements that bring about this remembrance are counted as a single mitzvah.</i> Instead, they are a single mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Sefer HaMitzvot</i> (Positive Commandment 14) and <i>Sefer HaChinuch</i> (Mitzvah 386).</i> Whether [the tzitzit] a person wears on his garment are white, <i>techelet</i>, or a combination of the two colors, he fulfills a single mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Whether [the tzitzit] a person wears on his garment are white, techelet, or a combination of the two colors, he fulfills a single mitzvah.</i><br> The Sages of the early generations<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Sifre Zuta, Mechilta D'Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai</i></i> related: [Numbers 15:39 states:] \"And they shall be tzitzit for you.\" This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">the use of the singular form of the verb ืืืื</i> teaches that they are both one mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">teaches that they are both one mitzvah.</i><br> The [presence of each of the] four tzitzit is necessary [for the mitzvah to be fulfilled],<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., although a garment has several tzitzit, the mitzvah is not fulfilled unless it has all four.</i> because all four are [elements] of a single mitzvah.",
|
32 |
+
"How are the tzitzit made? One begins from the corner of a garment<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., the end of its woven portion. - The tzitzit must be placed at the \"corners\" or the \"fringes\" of the garment.</i> - i.e., the end of its woven portion. One ascends upward no more than three fingerbreadths from the edge,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Any further distance upward would be considered part of the garment itself and not its \"corner\" or \"fringe\" (<i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 11:9).</i> but no less than the distance from the knuckle of the thumb to its end.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is approximately two fingerbreadths. Any lower would be considered as \"below the fringe\" and not \"on the fringe\" (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:16).<br>Other opinions mention that these distances should also be applied in regard to the space between the hole and the side of the garment. It is customary to follow this view (<i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:10).</i><br>[A hole is made] and four strands inserted, [causing them] to be folded in half. Thus, there will be eight strands hanging down from the corner.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As mentioned in Halachah 1, the Torah does not explicitly mention the number of strands in the tzitzit. Although <i>Menachot</i> 39b derives this concept from the exegesis of Deuteronomy 22:12, the Rambam considers this process of derivation to be Rabbinic in origin (ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื).</i> These eight strands must be at least four fingerbreadths long.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This decision is based on the Rambam's interpretation of<i>Menachot</i> 39a and 41b. Based on the same sources, Rabbenu Tam requires that the strands be at least twelve fingerbreadths long. His opinion is accepted as halachah by the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:4) and the later authorities.</i> If they are longer<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">even if they are a cubit or two long - it is acceptable. - It is common to make the strands slightly longer than twelve fingerbreadths, so that, even if they tear, they will still retain the desired length (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:9; <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 11:21).</i> - even if they are a cubit or two long - it is acceptable. The term \"fingerbreadth\" refers to a thumbbreadth.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Hilchot Sefer Torah</i> 9:9. In contemporary measure, a thumbbreadth is approximately 2 centimeters according to <i>Shiurei Torah</i>, and 2.4 centimeters according to <i>Chazon Ish</i>.</i><br>One of the eight strands should be <i>techelet</i>;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though the eight strands come from folding four larger strands, only half of one of these strands should be dyed. The other half should retain its natural color, white.<br>The Ra'avad disagrees with this point and maintains that one of the larger strands should be dyed in its entirety, thus producing two smaller strands that are dyed <i>techelet</i>. The <i>Tur</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10) and other Ashkenazic authorities maintain that two of the four strands were <i>techelet</i> and two were white.<br>The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> supports the Rambam's position, noting that Numbers 15:39 states, \"And you shall place on the tassels of the corner a strand (singular) of <i>techelet</i>.\" Note also the commentary of the <i>Or Sameach</i>.<br>Significantly, archaeological excavations have uncovered tzitzit belonging to bar Kochba's soldiers. Only one of the eight strands was dyed <i>techelet</i>.</i> the other seven should be white.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The dyed strand should be slightly longer than the others, so that, even after it has been wound around them, it will be the same length as the others.</i>",
|
33 |
+
"Afterwards, one should take one of the white strands and wind it once around the other strands close to the edge of the garment and let it go. Then one takes the strand that was dyed <i>techelet</i> and winds it twice [around the other strands], next to the coil made by the white strand, and then ties the strands in a knot. These three coils are called a segment.<br>Afterwards, one should leave a slight space, and then make a second segment using only the strand that was dyed <i>techelet</i>. Again, one should leave a slight space, and then make a third segment [using only the strand that was dyed <i>techelet</i> for this segment as well]. One should continue in this manner until the final segment, which is made of two coils of <i>techelet</i> and a final coil using a white strand.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The pattern of winding the <i>techelet</i> mentioned by the Rambam is based on his interpretation of <i>Menachot</i> 39a. As the Rambam mentions in Halachah 9, it must be followed only when the tzitzit include a strand of <i>techelet</i>. If they do not, as in the case of our tzitzit, different principles apply.<br>The Ra'avad differs with the Rambam's approach and suggests a different manner of winding the coils of the tzitzit, which resembles the pattern we use today. The Rambam was aware of this approach and, in one of his responsa, explains that the method he mentioned has its source in the Talmud (<i>Menachot</i>, ibid.), while the other approach is of later origin.</i> Since one began with a white strand, one concludes with it, because one should always ascend to a higher level of holiness, but never descend.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rashi, <i>Menachot</i>, ibid., states that since the white strand was used first, not ending with it would appear to detract from its importance.<br>The principle, \"one should always ascend to a higher level of holiness, but never descend,\" is applied in many other contexts within Torah law - e.g., <i>Hilchot Tefillin</i> 3:17.</i><br>Why should one begin using a white strand? So that [the coil that is] next to the corner of the garment should be similar to [the garment itself].<br>The same pattern is followed regarding all four corners.",
|
34 |
+
"How many segments should be made at every corner? No fewer than seven and no more than thirteen.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 39a explains that the <i>techelet</i> reminds one of the heavens. There are seven heavens and six spaces between them, thus resulting in a total of thirteen.</i><br>[The above] represents the most preferable way of performing the mitzvah. If, however, one wound only one segment around the strands, it is acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This law also applies at present, as mentioned in the following halachah.</i> Should one wind the <i>techelet</i> around the majority of the [length of the] tzitzit, it is acceptable. For the <i>techelet</i> to be attractive, [however,] all the segments should be in the upper third of the strands, and the [remaining] two thirds should hang loose.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the <i>Zohar</i>, Vol. III, p. 228b, which explains the mystical significance of the division of the tzitzit into three portions.</i><br>One must separate the strands like the locks of one's hair.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 8:7) obligates one to separate the strands of the tzitzit before putting on one's garment. Note the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 8:18, which quotes the <i>Ari zal</i> as stating that the word ืฆืืฆืช is an acronym for the Hebrew words meaning, \"A righteous person constantly separates his tzitzit.\"</i>",
|
35 |
+
"A person who makes [tzitzit using only] white threads without using <i>techelet</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As mentioned in Halachot 4-5, the absence of <i>techelet</i> does not prevent one from fulfilling the mitzvah of tzitzit. Indeed, this is the manner in which most people fulfill the mitzvah at present.</i> should take one of the eight strands and wind it around the others, covering one third of [the length of] the strands and leaving two thirds hanging loose.<br>When winding [this strand around the others], one may create segments as one does when winding the <i>techelet</i>, if one desires. This is our custom. If, however, one desires to wind [the strand around the others] without creating segments, one may.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Significantly, besides the knot with which the tzitzit are attached to the garment (Halachah 7), the Rambam does not mention tying knots in the tzitzit at all. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:14) mentions the common practice in which five knots are tied on the strands, leaving four spaces, which are filled with coils in between them. There are certain authorities who combine the two opinions, tying the knots as mentioned in the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, but dividing the coils into segments as the Rambam mentions (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:27-28,31).</i><br>The general principle is that one should intend that one third of the tzitzit be bound, and two thirds hang loose.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">If the tzitzit lack entirely strands which hang loose, they are unacceptable (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).</i> There are those, however, who are not precise about this matter when [making tzitzit] with white threads [alone].<br>Should one wind a white thread around the majority [of the length] of the strands or should one make only a single segment,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This principle is also accepted by the opinions that do not require that the coils be divided into segments of three. Even so, for tzitzit to be acceptable, they must possess at least three coils (<i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 11:63,66).</i> [the tzitzit] are acceptable.",
|
36 |
+
"Both the white strands and those dyed <i>techelet</i> may be made out of entwined strands.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam leaves the use of entwined strands up to a person's choice. The Ra'avad objects, quoting a passage from the <i>Sifre</i> that requires that the strands of the tzitzit be made by entwining different threads together. Numbers 15:38 uses the expression, <i>p'til techelet</i>. The word <i>p'til</i> implies \"twisted threads.\" See the <i>Targum Yonaton</i> to this verse. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:2) follows the Ra'avad's view and obligates the use of entwined strands. From Chapter 2, Halachah 7, it appears that the Rambam also considered this as the common practice.</i> Even a strand that is made from eight threads entwined into a single strand is considered as only a single strand in this context.",
|
37 |
+
"Both the white strands of the tzitzit and those dyed<i>techelet</i> must be spun for the sake of being used for [the mitzvah of] tzitzit.<br>[Tzitzit] may not be made from wool which becomes attached to thorns when sheep graze among them, nor from hairs which are pulled off the animal, and not from the leftover strands of the woof which the weaver leaves over when he completes a garment. Rather, they must be made from shorn wool or from flax.<br>[Tzitzit] may not be made from wool which was stolen, which came from an <i>ir hanidachat</i>, or which came from a consecrated animal. If such wool was used, it is unacceptable. If a person bows down to an animal, its wool is not acceptable for use for tzitzit. If, however, one bows down to flax which is planted, it is acceptable, because it has been changed.",
|
38 |
+
"Tzitzit that were made<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., attached to the garment and tied</i> by a gentile are not acceptable, as [implied by Numbers 15:38, which] states: \"Speak to the children of Israel... and you shall make tzitzit for yourselves.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 42a relates that this verse serves as the source for the ruling that only a Jew may tie tzitzit.<br>The <i>Hagahot Maimoniot</i> state that since the phrase ืืฉืจืื ืื ื literally means \"sons of Israel,\" tzitzit should not be made by women. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 14:1) does not accept this opinion. The Ramah, however, states that it is preferable for women not to tie tzitzit.</i> If, however, a Jew made tzitzit without the intention [that they be used for the mitzvah], they are acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This principle can be derived from the above concept. Were it necessary for the tzitzit to be tied with the intent that they be used for the mitzvah, there would be no need for a special verse from the Torah to teach that those made by a gentile are unacceptable. The concept would be self-explanatory. Whenever a deed must be performed with a specific intention, a gentile's acts are not acceptable (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).<br>The Ashkenazic authorities do not accept this premise and maintain that, at the very least, the strands must be attached to the garment with the intent that they be used for the mitzvah. (See <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 14:2.)</i><br>Tzitzit that are made from those already existing are not acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This principle is explained and illustrated in detail in the following four halachot.</i>",
|
39 |
+
"What is implied? Should a person bring the corner of a garment which has tzitzit attached to it and sew it onto another garment, it is not acceptable. [This applies] even if that corner of the garment is a square cubit in size.<br>[This concept is derived from Numbers 15:38, which] states: \"And you shall make tzitzit for yourselves\" - i.e., [you should make them] and not [use those] which were made previously,since this would be as if [the mitzvah] came about on its own accord.<br>It is permissible to remove strands [of tzitzit] - whether white or <i>techelet</i> - from one garment and tie them on another.",
|
40 |
+
"Should one suspend the strands between two corners of the garment and tie [tzitzit on] each of the corners in the proper manner, and then separate them from each other,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam is speaking about the following instance: The person used long strands and placed one end of them through each of the two holes. Afterwards, using the strands from each corner that was not passed through the hole, he tied both tzitzit, and then separated them from each other.</i> it is unacceptable.<br>[The rationale is] that, at the time they were tied, they were unacceptable, since the two corners were connected with each other through the strands. When the strands were cut, two tzitzit were made. This is considered as making tzitzit from those which already exist.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This law is based on the Rambam's interpretation of <i>Sukkah</i> 11a-b. Others (see <i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 11:13) interpret that passage as speaking about the tzitzit of a single corner. If one inserts a single long strand in the hole several times, thus producing eight strands, ties the tzitzit, and then separates the strands from each other, the tzitzit are not acceptable. This is also considered as making tzitzit from those which are already existing.</i>",
|
41 |
+
"[The following rules apply when] a person ties tzitzit over existing tzitzit: Should [he tie the second set] with the intention of nullifying the first set, if he unties or cuts off the first set,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:24, which describes the manner in which tzitzit should be removed from a garment.</i> the tzitzit are acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since he intended to remove the initial tzitzit, there is nothing wrong with attaching the second one (<i>Menachot</i> 40b).</i><br>Should, however, [he have tied the second set] with the intention of adding [a second tzitzit, the tzitzit] are not acceptable even though he cuts one of them off.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">16</sup><i class=\"footnote\">According to the Rambam, it does not matter which tzitzit he removes. For the tzitzit to be acceptable, both sets have to be removed, and then a single set retied.</i> When he added the second tzitzit, he disqualified both sets<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">17</sup><i class=\"footnote\">By adding the second set, he transgresses the prohibition against adding to the mitzvot of the Torah. Therefore, both sets of tzitzit are disqualified. The Ra'avad and the Ashkenazic authorities do not accept the Rambam's decision. They maintain that while both sets of tzitzit are hanging from the garment, their existence is not considered at all significant. It is as if they do not exist at all. Therefore, by removing the extra set, one is not making tzitzit from ones which previously exist. On the contrary, one is bringing an acceptable set of tzitzit into existence.<br>The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10:6) accepts the Rambam's view. The Ramah, however, follows the other opinions.</i>, and when he unties or cuts off the additional one, the remaining one is [disqualified because it involves] making [tzitzit] from those which are already existing, since the manner in which it existed previously was not acceptable.",
|
42 |
+
"Similarly, all the tzitzit of a garment are unacceptable<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">18</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam's statements have raised questions. Though all commentaries agree that the three tzitzit made when the garment had only three corners are unacceptable, the question revolves around the fourth corner. Why is the tzitzit made upon it disqualified? When it was made, the garment already had four corners. On this basis, the <i>Magen Avraham</i> (10:6) rules that, indeed, the fourth tzitzit is not disqualified and may remain.</i><br>[in the following instance]: A person placed tzitzit on a garment that had three corners.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">19</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Tzitzit are required only on a garment with four corners, as stated in the proof-text quoted from Deuteronomy and mentioned in Chapter 3, Halachah 1.</i> afterwards, he made the garment a fourth corner and placed tzitzit on it. [This is also excluded by the commandment, Deuteronomy 22:12:]<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">20</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There is a slight difficulty with the Rambam's statements: In this halachah he cites the verse from Deuteronomy as a proof-text, while in Halachah 13 he cited a verse from Numbers.</i> \"Make braids,\" [which implies that one may not use those] which were made previously.",
|
43 |
+
"A garment should not be folded in half, and then tzitzit hung on the four corners of the folded garment,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">21</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Although in its present state, the garment has four corners, unless it is sewn it is possible that the folds will open and the position of the corners will change (<i>Menachot</i> 41a). Note the Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10:6), who quotes a difference of opinion where the tzitzit should be placed during the time the garment is folded. Because of this difference of opinion, <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 10:13 suggests not wearing such a garment unless it is sewn closed.</i> unless one sews it along [one] side entirely. [It is sufficient, however, to sew it] on one side alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">22</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Our translation follows the explanation of the <i>Beit Yosef</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10). Note, however, the explanation of the <i>Be'ur Halachah</i> 10.</i>",
|
44 |
+
"[The following rules apply] if the corner [of the garment] to which the tzitzit were attached is torn off the garment: If more than three fingerbreadths were torn, it may be sewed back in its place.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">23</sup><i class=\"footnote\">When the torn portion is three fingerbreadths long, it is considered as the \"corner\" of the garment. Therefore, the tzitzit are considered to be attached to a significant portion of the garment and need not be untied before the corner can be sewn back on the garment (<i>Nimukei Yosef, Menachot</i> 40b). The commentaries note the apparent contradiction between this law and Halachah 13, which forbids one to sew a piece of a garment to which tzitzit are attached to another garment. The commentaries differentiate between these two laws, explaining that there is a difference between a piece of fabric from another garment (Halachah 13) and a portion of the original garment which was detached (the present halachah). The <i>Turei Zahav</i> 15:3 does not accept this distinction, and maintains that even attaching a piece of the original garment is unacceptable. The later authorities suggest following this stringency.</i><br>If less than three fingerbreadths were torn off, it should not be sewn back.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">24</sup><i class=\"footnote\">A portion of a garment less than three fingerbreadths long is not considered significant. Therefore, the tzitzit are no longer considered to be attached to part of the garment. Accordingly, when this fragment is sewn back to the garment, the tzitzit attached to it will be disqualified, based on the principle that one must make tzitzit and not use those existing previously. If, however, one untied the tzitzit, one may sew the detached corner back onto the garment, and then attach new tzitzit to it (Rav David Arameah).<br>The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> quotes Rav Amram Gaon as stating that, if such a small portion was detached from the garment, tzitzit may never be attached to the garment again. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 15:4) suggests following this more stringent view if possible.</i><br>If the portion of the garment is between [the hole through which] the tzitzit [are attached] and the end of the garment, it is acceptable, even though only the smallest portion of the fabric remains.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">25</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Although initially the tzitzit had to be positioned a certain distance above the end of the garment, as mentioned in Halachah 6, after they were attached to the garment in the proper manner, there is greater leniency (<i>Menachot</i> 42a). The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:10) suggests sewing a border around the hole through which the strands are placed so that it will not tear.</i><br>Similarly, if the [length of the] strands of the tzitzit was reduced,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">26</sup><i class=\"footnote\">For example, they became torn. Based on <i>Menachot</i> 38b, the Rabbis have offered two interpretations of \"enough to tie a loop\":<br>a) enough to tie a loop around all the strands of the tzitzit;<br>b) enough to tie a loop around the strand itself.<br>The grammatical construction of the Rambam's statements indicates - albeit not definitely - that he favors the latter view.<br>(Note the <i>Be'ur Halachah</i> 12, which states that the measure \"to tie a loop\" surely does not exceed four centimeters.)<br>The Rambam maintains that even if the majority of all the strands of the tzitzit were cut off, as long as \"enough to tie a loop remains,\" the tzitzit are acceptable. If, however, both ends of one long strand are cut off entirely, the tzitzit are not acceptable. Rabbenu Tam does not accept this decision and requires that at least two entire strands remain their full length. (See <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 12:1.) The later authorities, particularly in the Ashkenazi community, suggest following Rabbenu Tam's view.</i> it is acceptable, as long as enough of the strand remains to tie a loop. Should, however, even a single strand be torn off [from the place to which it is attached to the garment], it is no longer acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">27</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Turei Zahav</i> 12:3.</i>"
|
45 |
+
],
|
46 |
+
[
|
47 |
+
"The term <i>techelet</i> mentioned throughout the Torah refers to wool dyed light blue - i.e., the color of the sky which appears opposite the sun when there is a clear sky.<br>The term <i>techelet</i> when used regarding tzitzit refers to a specific dye that remains beautiful without changing. [If the <i>techelet</i>] is not dyed with this dye, it is unfit to be used as tzitzit even though it is sky blue in color. For example, using isatis, black dye, or other dark dyes, is unacceptable for tzitzit.<br>The wool of a ewe that a goat gave birth to is unacceptable for use as tzitzit.",
|
48 |
+
"How is the <i>techelet</i> of tzitzit dyed? Wool is taken and soaked in lime. Afterwards, it is taken and washed until it is clean and then boiled with bleach and the like, as is the dyers' practice, to prepare it to accept the dye. A chilazon is a fish whose color is like the color of the sea and whose blood is black like ink.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The identity of the chilazon is a matter of question. <i>Menachot</i> 44a states that it would be visible only once in seventy years. From <i>Bechorot</i> 6:2, one can infer that it was a long snakelike fish. From other sources, it appears to be a snaillike animal. In his Commentary on the Mishnah (<i>Menachot</i> 4:1), the Rambam writes that <i>techelet</i> is no longer available. Similarly, Rabbenu Yitzchak Alfasi (who lived two generations before the Rambam) writes that \"we do not have <i>techelet</i>.\"<br>Approximately one hundred years ago, Rabbi Gershon Henoch Leiner attempted to reintroduce a dye which he determined to be<i>techelet</i>. Similarly, Rabbi Herzog, the first Chief Rabbi of Israel, attempted to locate the chilazon. Although, from a theoretical perspective, the Torah community appreciated the value of their research, in practice, their decisions were not accepted by the majority of Torah scholars.</i> It is found in the Mediterranean Sea.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though ืื ืืืื generally refers to the Dead Sea, there are times when the Rambam uses this term to refer to the Mediterranean. See the conclusion of his Commentary on the Mishnah.</i><br> The blood is placed in a pot together with herbs - e.g., chamomile - as is the dyers' practice. It is boiled and then the wool is inserted. [It is left there] until it becomes sky-blue. This is the manner in which the <i>techelet</i> of tzitzit [is made].",
|
49 |
+
"One must dye tzitzit <i>techelet</i> with the intention that it be used for the mitzvah. If one did not have such an intention, it is unacceptable.<br>When one places some wool in the pot in which the dye was placed, to check whether the dye is good or not, the entire pot may no longer be used [for tzitzit].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 42b interprets the phrase, \"totally <i>techelet</i>\" (Exodus 28:31 , to mean that the entire dye must be intended for a ritual purpose.</i> [If so,] how should one check [the dye]? He should take some dye from the pot in a small container and place the wool he uses to check in it. Afterwards, he should burn the wool used to check - for it was dyed for the purpose of checking<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Thus, it is unfit to be used for tzitzit. This wool should be burned lest it be discovered by someone else and unknowingly used for tzitzit.</i> - and pour out the dye used to check it, since using it for an experiment disqualified it. Afterwards, he should dye [the wool] <i>techelet</i> with the remainder of the dye which was not used.",
|
50 |
+
"<i>Techelet</i> should only be purchased from a recognized dealer because we are concerned that perhaps it was not dyed with the intention that it be used for the mitzvah. Even though it was purchased from a recognized dealer, if it was checked,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since it was purchased from a recognized dealer, there is no obligation to check it. Nevertheless, if it was checked, it can be disqualified. See Halachah 6.</i> and it was discovered that it was dyed with another dark dye which is not of a permanent nature, it is not acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam's statements appear to imply that the blood of the chilazon must be used for tzitzit, not because of a Torah decree, but because it was the only lasting dye they had (<i>Kinat Eliyahu</i>).</i>",
|
51 |
+
"How can <i>techelet</i> be checked to see whether it has been dyed properly or not? One takes straw, the secretion of a snail, and urine that had been left standing for forty days and leaves the<i>techelet</i> in this mixture for an entire day. If the color of the<i>techelet</i> remained unchanged, without becoming weaker, it is acceptable.<br>If it became weaker, we place the <i>techelet</i> which changed color inside a dough of barley meal that was left to sour for fish brine. The dough is baked in an oven, and then the <i>techelet</i> is removed. If it became even weaker than it was previously, it is unacceptable. If this strengthened the color and it became darker than it was before being baked, it is acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">These processes are mentioned in <i>Menachot</i> 42b-43a.</i>",
|
52 |
+
"One may purchase <i>techelet</i> from an outlet which has established a reputation for authenticity without question. It need not be checked. One may continue to rely [on its reputation] until a reason for suspicion arises.<br>Should one entrust <i>techelet</i> to a gentile for safekeeping, it is no longer fit for use, [because] we fear that he exchanged it. If it was in a container and closed with two seals, one seal inside the other,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The concept of two seals is explained in the laws of kashrut. See <i>Hilchot Ma'achalot Asurot</i> 13:8.</i> it is acceptable. If, however, it had only a single seal, it may not be used.",
|
53 |
+
"If a person found <i>techelet</i> in the marketplace - even strands which were cut - it is not fit for use.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Even if it proves to be <i>techelet</i>, we assume that it was not dyed for the purpose of being used for tzitzit.</i>If they were twisted together, however, they are acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">We assume that twisted strands of <i>techelet</i> were made to be used for tzitzit. It is unlikely that someone would go to the trouble of twisting strands of <i>techelet</i> for any other purpose. (See the Ra'avad.)<br>Our text follows the standard published versions of the <i>Mishneh Torah</i>, which is supported by a responsum purported to have been written by the Rambam. The original printings and many authoritative editions of the <i>Mishneh Torah</i> state that even twisted strands of <i>techelet</i> are not acceptable when found in the marketplace. This version appears to be supported by the Rambam's ruling, <i>Hilchot Shabbat</i> 19:24, which is based on the same Talmudic passage, <i>Eruvin</i> 96b.</i><br>[The following rules apply when] a person purchases a garment to which tzitzit are attached in the marketplace. When he purchases it from a Jew, he may presume [that it is acceptable]. If he purchases it from a gentile merchant, it is [presumed to be] acceptable;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">We assume that a merchant will not risk tarnishing his reputation by misrepresenting an article.</i><br> from a non-Jew who is a private person, it is not acceptable.",
|
54 |
+
"When a garment is entirely red, green, or any other color [besides white], its white strands should be made from the same color as the garment itself. If it is green, they should be green. If it is red, they should be red.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The rationale for this decision is that tzitzit must be \"of the same type of fabric as the fringe of the garment.\" This also implies that they should share the same color as the fringe (Rashi, <i>Menachot</i> 43b).<br>This decision is not shared by <i>Tosafot, Menachot</i> 41b, which rules that white strands are appropriate even when the garment itself is of another color. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:5) mentions that those who are precise in their performance of mitzvot follow the Rambam's view. The Ramah, however, maintains that one should use white tzitziot for all garments.</i><br>Should the garment itself be <i>techelet</i>, its white strands should be made from any color other than black,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> notes that the Rambam's statements are not an exact quote from his source, <i>Menachot</i>, ibid., which substitutes the word <i>kelah ilan</i> instead of black. <i>Kelah ilan</i> is a dye which looks almost exactly the same as <i>techelet</i> except that it is not made from the blood of the chilazon. The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> suggests that the Rambam meant that any dark color is unacceptable although lighter colors would be acceptable. It is necessary that there be a contrast between the color of the strands of tzitzit, just as there is a contrast between white and <i>techelet</i>.</i><br> for it resembles <i>techelet</i>. He should wind one strand of <i>techelet</i> around all the strands, as one does with other tzitzit that are not colored.",
|
55 |
+
"The punishment given someone who does not wear [tzitzit of white strands] is more severe than that given one who does not wear <i>techelet</i>, because the white strands are easily accessible while <i>techelet</i> is not available in every time and in every era, because of the [unique] dye mentioned above.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Even in Talmudic times, <i>techelet</i> was very expensive and difficult to obtain. As mentioned in the commentary on Halachah 1, according to most authorities, <i>techelet</i> is not available in the present era, nor has it been available for at least 1000 years.<br>144</i>"
|
56 |
+
],
|
57 |
+
[
|
58 |
+
"A garment to which the Torah obligates a person to attach tzitzit<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">With this expression, the Rambam could be alluding to the concept that a person is not obligated to wear tzitzit. Should a person desire to wear a garment of the type that requires tzitzit, then he has the opportunity to fulfill the mitzvah. See Halachot 10-11.</i> [must meet the following requirements]:<br>a) it must have four<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deuteronomy 22:12 states: \"Make braids on the four corners of your garments.\" As explained in Halachah 3, this excludes a garment with fewer than four corners.</i> - or more than four<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">corners; - See Halachah 3.</i> - corners;<br>b) it must be large enough to cover both the head and the majority of the body of a child<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 41a adds that the garment must be large enough for an adult to use it occasionally.<br>This requirement is particularly significant regarding a <i>tallit katan</i>. Note the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 16:4, which requires that a <i>tallit katan</i> be at least 0.75 of a cubit long and 0.75 of a cubit wide on each side, without including the area of the hole where one's head is inserted. Preferably, the <i>tallit katan</i> should be a cubit by a cubit on each side.</i> who is able to walk on his own in the marketplace without having someone else accompany him and watch<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Tur</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 16) defines this as referring to a child who is at least nine years old.</i> him;<br>c) it must be made of either wool or linen alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained in the following halachah.</i>",
|
59 |
+
"In contrast, a garment made of other fabrics<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">for example, clothes of silk, cotton, camels' wool, hares' wool, goats' wool, - The term \"wool\" when used without any modifier refers to wool from sheep or rams alone.</i> - for example, clothes of silk, cotton, camels' wool, hares' wool, goats' wool, and the like<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">are required to have tzitzit only because of Rabbinic decree - The Rambam's opinion is quoted as halachah by the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:1). The Ashkenazic authorities, however (see the Ramah), disagree and maintain that all four-cornered garments require tzitzit regardless of the fabric they are made of. This difference of opinion results from the interpretation of a debate between Amoraim (<i>Menachot</i> 39b).<br>Because of this difference of opinion, the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:6) suggests that everyone wear a <i>tallit</i> of wool, so that he will fulfill the mitzvah as required by the Torah according to all opinions. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 9:4 and the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 9:5 suggest that a God-fearing person should have both his <i>tallit gadol</i> and his <i>tallit katan</i> made of wool. See also the commentary on Halachah 5.</i> - are required to have tzitzit only because of Rabbinic decree, in order to show regard for the mitzvah of tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Were tzitzit not required to be attached to these garments, people might not attach them to the garments which do require them.</i><br>[These garments require tzitzit only] when they are four-cornered<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">or have more than four corners - and are of the measure mentioned above. - Even when extending the scope of the mitzvah, the Rabbis maintained these criteria, which are explained in the previous halachah.</i> - or have more than four corners - and are of the measure mentioned above.<br>[The motivating principle for this law]<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained in <i>Menachot</i>, ibid.</i> is that all the garments mentioned in the Torah without any further explanation<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This includes the garments to which tzitzit are attached, as Numbers 15:38 states: \"On the corners of their garments.\"</i> refer to those made of either wool or linen alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since, regarding the prohibition against mixing fabrics (<i>sha'atnez</i>, <i>Hilchot Kilayim</i> 10:1) and the laws of <i>tzara'at</i> (leprosy, <i>Hilchot Tumat Tzara'at</i> 13:1), the Torah mentions garments of wool and linen, we can assume that any place in the Torah which mentions the word \"garment\" is referring to one made from wool or linen unless another fabric is explicitly mentioned.</i>",
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"On the four corners of your garments (Deuteronomy<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this halachah, the Rambam departs from his usual pattern of stating a law tersely without explanation, and quotes the entire passage (<i>Menachot</i> 43b), from which these laws are derived.</i> 22:12 : This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Torah's command to attach tzitzit</i> applies to a garment which possesses four corners, but not to one which possesses only three.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">since the mention of a specific number of corners obviously is intended to exclude garments which do not meet this requirement.</i> Perhaps, [it<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">this phrase</i> comes to include] a four-cornered garment and [to exclude] a five-cornered garment?<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., why restrict the scope of the exclusion?</i> The Torah continues: \"with which you cover yourself.\" This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">extra phrase, which has no apparent purpose was added to</i> includes even a five- (or more) cornered garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">One also \"covers himself\" with such garments.<br>The Talmud continues, asking</i><br>Why do I obligate a garment of five corners and exempt a garment of three corners?<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Why is the inclusion applied to a five-cornered garment and the exclusion to a three-cornered garment? Perhaps they should be reversed, after all,</i> Neither<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">a three- or five-cornered garment</i> has four corners [as required by the above verse].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Talmud answers:</i> Because a five-cornered garment has four corners.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Therefore, it is logical to assume that the inclusion applies to it. This concludes the quotation from the Talmud.</i><br>Accordingly,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since the reason tzitzit are placed on a five-cornered garment is that it possesses four corners</i> when one attaches tzitzit to a garment with five or six corners, one should attach the tzitzit only to the four corners<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Indeed, if one attaches tzitzit to more than four corners of the garment, one transgresses the prohibition against adding to a Torah commandment (<i>Magen Avraham</i> 10:2).</i> which are farthest apart from each other<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">for, in this way, the tzitzit will be more noticeable (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 10:3).</i> from among these five or six corners, as [implied by the phrase,] \"On the four corners of your garments.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There are other opinions, which maintain that a garment with more than four corners does not require tzitzit. In consideration of these opinions, it is preferable not to wear such garments at all (<i>Magen Avraham</i> 10:1).</i>",
|
61 |
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"If a garment is made of cloth<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">any cloth, not only wool or linen</i> and its corners of leather, it requires tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The same law applies when not only the corners, but also a portion of the garment itself, is leather. As long as the majority of the garment is cloth, it requires tzitzit (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 10:8; <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 10:10).</i> If the garment is of leather and its corners are of cloth,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this case as well, as long as the majority of the garment is leather</i> it does not require tzitzit. The determining factor is the makeup of the garment itself.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is derived from the conclusion of the verse from Deuteronomy, \"with which you cover yourself.\" A person covers himself with the major portion of the garment (Rabbenu Manoach).</i><br>A garment belonging to two partners requires [tzitzit], as [implied by Numbers 15:38]: \"On the corners of their garments.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Here, the usage of a plural term implies an inclusion of garments which belong to many owners.<br>In contrast,</i> The term \"your garments\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this verse, the singular form of the word \"your\" is used.</i> [(Deuteronomy 22:12 , which is interpreted as an exclusion,] excludes only a borrowed garment, since a borrowed garment does not require tzitzit for thirty days.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Nevertheless, one is allowed to attach tzitzit to the garment if one chooses. Furthermore, one is allowed to borrow a colleague's tallit and recite a blessing over it - even without his knowledge (<i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 14:3-4).</i> Afterwards, it does require them.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the <i>Hagahot Maimoniot</i>, which explain that, even after thirty days, the Torah does not require a person to attach tzitzit to a garment which is not his own. The Sages, however, imposed this obligation because the garment appears to be his.</i>",
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62 |
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"For a garment of wool, the white strands should be made of wool.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">alone.</i> For a garment of linen, the white strands should be made of linen.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">alone. Note the explanation in the following halachah.</i> For garments of other [fabrics],<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As mentioned in the commentary on Halachah 2, there is a difference of opinion among the Rabbis whether garments made from fabrics other than wool or linen require tzitzit or not. According to the opinions which maintain that they do, the concepts that follow are derived from the exegesis of a Biblical verse. (See <i>Menachot</i> 39b.) According to the Rambam, who maintains that the requirement of tzitzit on these garments is Rabbinic in origin, we must assume that these concepts were part of the Rabbinic ordinance requiring tzitzit for these garments (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).</i> the white strands should be made from the same fabric as the garment itself.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The authorities who consider the obligation to attach tzitzit to such garments as stemming from the Torah explain that, in the commandment to attach tzitzit, the Torah mentions the word \"corner\" an extra time, to teach that the tzitzit should be made of the same fabric as the corners.</i> For example, silk strands should be used for a silk garment, strands of goats' wool should be used for garments of goats' wool.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">If one chooses to make tzitzit from these fabrics, one should use them for all four tzitzit. It is questionable whether it is acceptable to make some of the tzitzit of a specific garment from wool and others from the fabric of which the garment is made (<i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 9:4).</i><br>If one desired to make white strands of wool or linen<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:2) states that at present it is customary not to make linen tzitzit at all.</i> for [garments of] any type [of fabric], one may,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i>, ibid., derives this concept from the fact that Deuteronomy 22:12 mentions the mitzvah to attach tzitzit to our garments directly after the mention of the prohibition of making garments of wool and linen. Our Sages explain, that although mixtures of wool and linen are forbidden in general, such a mixture is required in tzitzit. (See the following two halachot.) Therefore, whenever tzitzit are made, either of these two fabrics may be used.</i> because [strands of] wool and linen can fulfill the obligation [of tzitzit] for garments made of their own fabric or for garments made of other fabrics.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rabbi Meir of Rothenberg maintains, however, that wool and linen strands alone are not sufficient, and only a combination of wool and linen including strands of <i>techelet</i> can be used to fulfill the obligation of tzitzit for garments made from other fabrics. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 9:4 suggests considering this opinion.</i> In contrast, [strands made] from other fabrics can fulfill the obligation [of tzitzit] only for garments made of their own fabric.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 9:5 and the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 9:10,13 which discuss a situation where the garment is woven from both wool and another fabric.</i>",
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63 |
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"What is the ruling regarding making woolen strands for a garment of linen or linen strands for a garment of wool<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">even though we are speaking only of the white strands without techelet? - It appears that the Rambam is asking about attaching tzitzit that have only white strands, without attaching <i>techelet</i>. Thus, one can conclude that when attaching tzitzit to a linen garment, it is forbidden to make the white strands of wool even though one includes a woolen strand of<i>techelet</i>. Though the prohibition against <i>sha'atnez</i> is lifted for this garment, it is lifted only when there is no alternative but to do so (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).</i> - even though we are speaking only of the white strands without <i>techelet</i>?<br>One might think that it should be permitted, because <i>sha'atnez</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">a mixture of wool and linen which is forbidden. (See Deuteronomy 22:11 and <i>Hilchot Kilayim</i>, Chapter 10.)</i> is permitted to be used for tzitzit, as evident from the fact that <i>techelet</i> is made using woolen strands,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Chapter 2, Halachot 1- 2.</i> and yet it should be placed on a linen garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">according to Torah law. See, however, the following halachah.</i> Nevertheless, this<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Using linen strands for a woolen garment or vice versa</i> is not done.<br>Why? Because it is possible to make the white strands from the same fabric as [the garment].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Woolen strands for a woolen garment, linen strands for a linen garment, and thus skirt the prohibition entirely.</i> Whenever [a conflict exists] between the observance of a positive commandment and the adherence to a negative commandment, [the following rules apply]:<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The following are general rules which apply, not only regarding tzitzit, but in other circumstances as well: for example, <i>Hilchot Milah</i> 1:9.</i> If it is possible to observe both of them,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">by fulfilling the positive commandment without breaking the prohibition</i> one should. If not, the observance of the positive commandment supersedes the negative commandment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Nissim Gaon explains that although the violation of a negative commandment receives a more severe punishment than the failure to observe a positive commandment, when God originally gave the negative commandments, He prescribed that they do not apply when adherence to them causes the performance of a positive commandment to be nullified.<br>The <i>Tanya</i> (<i>Iggeret HaTeshuvah</i>, Chapter 1) explains the rationale for this principle. Man's purpose in this world is to spread Godly light through the observance of mitzvot. Accordingly, the observance of these mitzvot is always given preference when there is such a conflict.<br>It must be emphasized that one must fulfill the mitzvah at the time one is violating the transgression. It is forbidden, however, in order to break a commandment to later perform a mitzvah.</i> In the present instance, however, it is possible to observe both of them.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained above.<br>144</i>",
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64 |
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"<i>Techelet</i> should not be attached to a linen garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This decree was imposed even when <i>techelet</i> was available.</i> Rather, one should [make the tzitzit] from white threads of linen alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">even though by doing so, one does not fulfill the mitzvah of tzitzit to the fullest degree.</i> This is not because [the prohibition against] <i>sha'atnez</i> supersedes [the mitzvah of] tzitzit, but rather it is a Rabbinical decree<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rabbis have the power to ordain that a person bypass the performance of a Torah commandment. Surely this applies in the present instance, when the mitzvah of tzitzit is not nullified entirely.</i> [imposed] lest one wear the garment at night,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Significantly, the Rambam does not quote his apparent source (<i>Menachot</i> 40b) exactly. The Talmud states \"lest one wear a garment of the night.\" The Rambam's change of phraseology teaches two concepts. First, that not only a garment which is generally worn at night, but even one which is worn primarily during the day, should not have <i>techelet</i> attached to it, lest one wear it during the night.<br>This also sheds light on a more involved issue. There is a difference of opinion among the Rabbis if the exclusion of wearing tzitzit at night applies to all tzitzit, or if it applies only to garments which are worn primarily at night. According to the latter opinion, garments worn primarily at night do not require tzitzit, even when worn during the day. In contrast, a garment which is worn primarily during the day requires tzitzit, even during the night and one does not transgress the prohibition against <i>sha'atnez</i> when wearing it at that time.<br>By altering the terminology used by the Talmud, the Rambam indicates his acceptance of the first perspective. Rabbenu Asher is the primary exponent of the second position. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 18:1) mentions both views without reaching a conclusion.</i> when one is not required to wear tzitzit, and thus violate a negative commandment when the performance of a positive commandment is not involved.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Hilchot Kilayim</i> 10:32, which mentions a similar concept regarding the priestly garments. The sash worn by the priests was made from <i>sha'atnez</i>. Therefore, the priests were allowed to wear it only when they were actually involved in the Temple service. Wearing it at other times constitutes a transgression, and not a mitzvah.<br>Significantly, Rabbenu Tam differs with the Rambam and allows the sash and tzitzit to be worn even during the times when doing so does not fulfill a mitzvah.</i><br>[This is because] the obligation to wear tzitzit applies during the day, but not at night [as can be inferred from Numbers 15:39]: \"And you shall see them.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the <i>Magen Avraham</i> 8:13, which states that this verse also implies that one should wear tzitzit in a manner in which the strands can be seen.</i> [The mitzvah applies only] during a time when one can see.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., the daytime hours. Note the <i>Chatam Sofer</i> and Rabbi Akiva Eiger (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 18), who mention opinions that maintain that the mitzvah is not limited by the times of day and night, but rather by situations when one can see the tzitzit. During a daytime eclipse, one would not be obligated.</i> [Nevertheless,] a blind man is obligated to wear tzitzit. Even though he does not see them, others see him [wearing them].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There is no question concerning a blind man's obligation. He is required to wear tzitzit and may recite a blessing beforehand (<i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 17:1).</i>",
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65 |
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"A person is permitted to wear tzitzit at night,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., doing so is not a transgression of the prohibition against adding to the performance of a mitzvah.<br>The <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 21:15 quotes the <i>Ari zal</i>, as advising one to sleep in a <i>tallit katan</i> at night.</i> both during the weekdays<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rabbi Yitzchak Abuhav maintains that this law applies even to tzitzit containing <i>techelet</i>. Based on the previous halachah, however, most authorities do not accept this opinion.</i> and on the Sabbath,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">On the Sabbath, it is forbidden to carry in the public domain. Therefore, one might think that it is forbidden to wear a garment with tzitzit at night, for it would be considered as if one is carrying them. The Rambam is teaching us that the tzitzit are not considered to be a burden, but rather an adornment of the garment to which they are attached (<i>Hilchot Shabbat</i> 19:20).</i> even though this is not the time when the mitzvah should be fulfilled, provided he does not recite a blessing.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Therefore, when a <i>tallit</i> is put on during the night - e.g., before the <i>Selichot</i> prayers - a blessing should not be recited (Ramah, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 18:3).</i><br>When should the blessing over tzitzit be recited in the morning?<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">According to the Rambam, this question applies whether one wears his <i>tallit</i> at night or not. Nevertheless, because of Rabbenu Asher's opinion mentioned in the previous halachah, if someone slept in his <i>tallit katan</i>, he should not recite a blessing upon it in the morning. Instead, it is preferable that he recite the blessing over his <i>tallit gadol</i> with the intention of including the <i>tallit katan</i> (<i>Mishneh Berurah</i> 8:24).</i> When [the sun has risen so] that one can differentiate between the strands of <i>techelet</i> and those which are white.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This time is slightly more than midway between dawn (ืขืืืช ืืฉืืจ) and sunrise (ืื ืฅ ืืืื).<br>Note the Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 18:3), who allows the blessing to be recited from dawn onwards.</i><br>Which blessing should be recited upon it? \"Blessed are you, God, our Lord, King of the universe, who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to wrap ourselves with tzitzit.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is the blessing recited over the <i>tallit gadol</i>. For a <i>tallit katan</i>, most authorities suggest concluding <i>al mitzvat tzitzit</i>, \"concerning the mitzvah of tzitzit.\"</i> Whenever a person wraps himself in tzitzit during the day, he should recite the blessing before doing so.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the difference of opinion between the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 8:14) and the Ramah, whether a person who removes his <i>tallit</i> with the intention of putting it on again in the near future is obligated to recite a blessing or not.</i><br>No blessing should be recited on the tzitzit when making them,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note <i>Hilchot Berachot</i> 11:9, which states that one should recite the blessing, <i>shehecheyanu</i>, when one acquires or makes tzitzit. (See <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 22:1.)</i> because<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">making the tzitzit or even attaching them to the garment is only a preparatory act</i> the ultimate purpose of the mitzvah is that one should wrap oneself in [a <i>tallit</i>].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Hilchot Mezuzah</i> 5:7; <i>Hilchot Berachot</i> 11:8.</i>",
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66 |
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"It is permissible to enter a lavatory or a bathhouse [wearing] tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">since the tzitzit themselves are not considered sacred articles. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 21:3 and the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 21:14 state that it is improper to enter a lavatory wearing a <i>tallit gadol</i>. Since this garment is worn exclusively at the times of prayer, it is not fitting to wear it in a lavatory.</i> If one of the strands of white or <i>techelet</i> becomes torn, it may be discarded in a garbage dump,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">in contrast to sacred articles that have become worn, which must be entombed. (See <i>Hilchot Sefer Torah</i> 10:3-4.)<br>The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 21:1) differs and maintains that even after tzitzit have been removed from a garment, they should not be treated with disrespect.</i> because tzitzit is a mitzvah which does not confer sanctity on the article itself.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though the tzitzit are used to perform a mitzvah, they, themselves, do not become sacred.</i><br>It is forbidden to sell a garment with tzitzit to a gentile until he removes the tzitzit, not because the garment possesses a measure of holiness,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">and we are afraid that he will deface it. (See <i>Hilchot Mezuzah</i> 5:11.)</i> but because we are concerned that he will dress in it, and [unknowingly,] a Jew will accompany him, thinking that he is a fellow Jew, and the gentile may kill him.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note <i>Hilchot Rotzeach UShemirat HaNefesh</i> 12:7, which forbids traveling together with a gentile.</i><br>Women,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Women are not required to fulfill any mitzvot whose observance is linked to a specific time. (See <i>Hilchot Avodat Kochavim</i> 12:3.) Since tzitzit are worn only during the day, women are not obligated to wear them.</i> servants,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., gentile servants, who are required to fulfill only the mitzvot for which women are obligated. (See <i>Hilchot Tefilah</i> 1:2 and <i>Hilchot Issurei Bi'ah</i> 12:11, 14:9.) A Jew sold as a slave is required to fulfill all the mitzvot.</i> and minors<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Torah does not place any obligations on minors.</i> are not required by the Torah to wear tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Likkutei Sichot</i> (Vol. 17) notes that the Rambam's choice of phraseology appears to indicate that the requirement to become trained in the performance of mitzvot obligates the child himself. Generally, it is understood that the obligation is on the child's parents, who are required to train him in Torah observance.<br>The contention that the obligation is on the child himself is supported by <i>Hilchot Berachot</i> 5:15-16, which states that an adult who has eaten only a small meal can fulfill his obligation to recite the grace by answering \"Amen\" to the blessings recited by a child who has reached the age of education. This ruling is based on the rationale that both the child and the adult share the same degree of obligation, a Rabbinical decree. This appears to indicate that the Sages placed the obligation to recite grace on the child himself.</i> It is, however, a Rabbinical obligation for every child who knows how to dress himself<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 17:3) interprets this to mean, \"knows how to wrap himself in tzitzit in the ritual manner.\"</i> to wear tzitzit in order to educate him to fulfill mitzvot.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In many communities, it is customary to begin training a child to wear a <i>tallit katan</i> from the time he is toilet trained. In other communities, a child begins to wear tzitzit from the age of 6.</i><br>Women and servants who wish to wrap themselves in tzitzit may do so<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 17:1), however, advises against women wearing tzitzit, explaining that doing so would be a sign of conceit.</i> without reciting a blessing. Similarly, regarding the other positive commandments which women are not required to fulfill, if they desire to fulfill them without reciting a blessing, they should not be prevented from doing so.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since they are not obligated to fulfill these commandments, it is improper for them to say the blessing which praises God \"who has commanded us\" to perform the mitzvot.<br>This perspective is not accepted by Ashkenazic authorities. The<i>Magen Avraham</i> 17:1 explains that the fact that, as our Sages relate, women are given some measure of reward for the fulfillment of these commandments indicates that the commandment applies - albeit not completely - to them as well.</i><br>A <i>tumtum</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The word <i>tumtum</i> has its roots in the word <i>atum</i>, which means \"a solid block.\" It refers to a person whose genitalia are covered by skin, so that it is impossible to determine whether he is male or female. (See also <i>Hilchot Avodat Kochavim</i> 12:4, <i>Hilchot Ishut</i> 2:25.)<br>Should a <i>tumtum</i> undergo an operation and it be revealed that he is either male or female, he is bound by the laws which apply to that gender.</i> and an <i>androgynous</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Androgynous</i> is a combination of the Greek words meaning \"man\" and \"woman.\" It refers to a person who possesses the sexual organs of both genders. (See also <i>Hilchot Ishut</i> 2:24.)</i> are obligated in all positive commandments because of the doubt [about their status].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">16</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., it is doubtful whether they are governed by the laws applying to a man or those applying to a woman. The doubts are, however, different in nature. With regard to a <i>tumtum</i>, we are uncertain what is his true gender. With regard to an <i>androgynous</i>, however, the question revolves around the Sages' failure to define his status.<br><b>Therefore, they fulfill [all these positive commandments] -</b> lest they be considered men.<br><b>without reciting a blessing. -</b> lest they be considered women. Needless to say, according to Ashkenazic practice, they would be required to recite blessings as well.</i> Therefore, they fulfill [all these positive commandments] without reciting a blessing.",
|
67 |
+
"What is the nature of the obligation of the commandment of tzitzit? Every person who is obligated to fulfill this mitzvah,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., adult males, as explained in the previous halachah</i> if he wears a garment requiring tzitzit,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See Halachot 1-4.</i> should attach tzitzit to it and then wear it.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">if he desires to do so.</i> If he wears it without attaching tzitzit to it, he has negated [this] positive commandment.<br>There is, however, no obligation to attach tzitzit to a garment which requires tzitzit, as long as it remains folded in its place, without a person wearing it.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">13The Rambam wants to emphasize that</i> It is not that a garment requires [tzitzit].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam's statements in this halachah revolve around a difference of opinion of our Sages, <i>Menachot</i> 42b. There are Sages who maintain that tzitzit is an obligation that depends on the garment - i.e., the mitzvah is completed by placing tzitzit on every garment which requires them. The other opinion states that tzitzit are an obligation incumbent on a person, that a person is required to attach tzitzit to his garments. The Rambam rephrases the latter opinion as follows:</i> Rather, the requirement is incumbent on the person [wearing] the garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">With this choice of phraseology, he desires to indicate that - in contrast to other mitzvot (e.g., tefillin) - there is no obligation from the Torah to wear tzitzit every day. Only when a person desires to wear a garment that requires tzitzit is he obligated to fulfill the mitzvah.<br>This conception represents a change of position for the Rambam. Rav Yitzchak Alfasi, whose decisions the Rambam frequently followed, maintains that each person is obligated to wear tzitzit, apparently indicating that tzitzit, like tefillin, are an obligation which a person is required to fulfill.<br>The Rambam apparently held this view himself at one time. Therefore, in <i>Sefer HaMitzvot</i>, at the conclusion of the listing of the positive commandments, he lists tzitzit (together with tefillin) as one of the positive commandments whose observance we must pursue. Here, his choice of phraseology indicates that, although the mitzvah is incumbent on the person, it does relate to the garment. Only when a person wears a garment which requires tzitzit is he obligated to fulfill the mitzvah.</i>",
|
68 |
+
"Even though a person is not obligated to purchase a tallit and wrap himself in it so that he must attach tzitzit to it,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained in the previous halachah.</i> it is not proper for a person to release himself from this commandment. Instead, he should always try to be wrapped in a garment which requires tzitzit so that he will fulfill this mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">because of the importance of this mitzvah, as mentioned in the following halachah.<br>The Rambam mentions being \"wrapped in a garment requiring tzitzit,\" an expression which appears to refer to a <i>tallit gadol</i>, a garment of the size and cut appropriate for \"wrapping oneself.\" Significantly, throughout these halachot, he has used that term and never makes any reference to a <i>tallit katan</i>, the smaller garment which is colloquially called \"tzitzit\" today.<br>In Talmudic times, draping oneself with a garment that resembled our <i>tallitot gedolot</i> was common, but in different lands and different eras, the style of dress changed and, except for sages who would spend their day involved in study, it was rare that a person would wear a <i>tallit gadol</i> throughout the day. Accordingly, the people took to wearing the smaller <i>tallit katan</i>, which could be accommodated to other styles of dress more easily.<br>There is no explicit mention of a <i>tallit katan</i> in the Talmud, although a story related in <i>Menachot</i> 44a appears to indicate that such garments were worn in that era as well. The writings of the early Ashkenazic and later Sephardic rabbis of the Middle Ages mention the wearing of a <i>tallit katan</i> as an accepted practice.</i><br>In particular, care should be taken regarding this matter during prayer.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam does not specify the morning service. Perhaps he refers to the afternoon service as well.</i> It is very shameful for a Torah scholar to pray without being wrapped [in a tallit].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Rosh HaShanah</i> 17b, which relates that when God revealed the thirteen qualities of mercy to Moses, \"He wrapped Himself [in a tallit] like a leader of prayer and taught him the order of prayer.\"</i>",
|
69 |
+
"A person should always be careful regarding the mitzvah of tzitzit, because the Torah considered it equal to all the mitzvot and considered them all as dependent on it, as [implied by Numbers 15:39]: \"And you shall see them and remember all the mitzvot of God.\""
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Fringes",
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|
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"And it is permissible to enter a toilet or a bathouuse with fringes. If the white or turquoise (<i>techelet</i>) strings get severed, they can be thrown to the trash heap, since it is a commandment that has no holiness it its substance. And it is forbidden to sell a fringed garment to a non-Jew until he removes the fringes - not because there is holiness in the substance, but rather lest he wrap himself with it and a Jew should accompany him, [since the non-Jew] will appear to him to be a Jew, and he will (be able to surprise him and) kill him. Women and slaves and children are exempt from fringes from the Torah. But it is from the words of the [rabbis] that every child who knows how to wrap himself is obligated [to wear] fringes, in order to educate him in the commandments. And women and slaves that want to wrap themselves with fringes, may wrap themselves without a blessing. And so [too] other positive commandments that women are exempted from; if they want to do them without a blessing, we do not protest against them. A <i>tumtum</i> (a person with recessed sexual organs) and an <i>androginos</i> (a person with both male and female sexual organs) are obligated in all [of these commandments] because of a doubt. Therefore, they should not recite a blessing, but rather do them without a blessing. "
|
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|
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Fringes",
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"text": [
|
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[
|
26 |
+
"The fringe that is attached to the corner of the garment, and made of the same species of material as the garment, is called <i>Tzitzith</i> Fringes, because it is like the fringes of hair of the head, as it is said, \"And he took me up by the lock (<i>Tzitzith</i>) of my head\" (Ezekiel 8:3). This fringe is called \"the White (part)\", because we are not commanded to dye it. No definite number of threads is prescribed in the Torah for the fringes.",
|
27 |
+
"A thread of wool, dyed the color of the sky, is taken and wound round the fringe. This thread is called <i>Techeleth,</i> the blue (thread). The number of times this thread should be wound is not specified in the Torah.",
|
28 |
+
"This precept thus consists of two ordinances;โto attach to the corner of the garment a fringe projecting from it, and to wind a blue thread round the fringe, as it is said, \"Speak unto the children of Israel, and bid them that they make them a fringe upon the corners of their garments โฆ and that they put upon the fringe of each corner a thread of blue\" (Numbers 16:38).",
|
29 |
+
"The absence of the blue thread does not bar the use of the white fringe. Nor does the absence of the white fringe prevent the use of the blue thread. How so? If a person has no blue thread, he puts in the white fringe alone. So too, if the white fringe and the blue thread have been attached and the white fringe has been severed and diminished up to the corner of the garment and only the blue thread was left, it is fit for use.",
|
30 |
+
"Though the non-fulfillment of either ordinance does not bar the observance of the other ordinance, they are not two precepts but one precept. The ancient sages said, \"The text 'and it shall be unto you for a fringe' \", teaches that both ordinances form one precept. The four fringes on the garment are, all of them, indispensable, for the attachment of all the four constitute one precept. Whoever puts on a garment with white fringes or a blue thread or with both together has fulfilled one affirmative precept.",
|
31 |
+
"How are the fringes attached? One begins at the corner of the garment, that is, at the edge of the woven cloth, and measures off a length not greater than three finger-breadths and not less than the length between the base of the thumbnail and the first joint. Four threads are inserted there and turned down in the middle, so that eight twined threads are pendent from the corner, The eight threads are not to be less than four finger-breadths long. If longer, even as much as one or two cubits, they are fit for use. The breadth of the thumb is the standard for all finger-breadths. One of the eight threads should be blue, and seven should be white.",
|
32 |
+
"One of the white threads is taken up and wound once about the other threads close to the garment. It is then dropped. The blue thread is then taken and wound twice about the other threads close to the winding with the white thread. The threads are then tied. These three windings are called a section. A small space is left; a second section is made, the windings being done with the blue thread only. A small space is left; a third section is made; and so till the last division where the blue thread is wound round the other threads twice and the third winding is done with a white thread, because, as the winding began with a white thread, it should also end with a white thread, on the principle that things sacred may be elevated to a higher degree but may not be degraded to a lower degree. The reason why the winding begins with a white thread is that the corner of the garment shall have adjacent to it threads of the same kind of material. This is the method followed with the four corners.",
|
33 |
+
"How many divisions are made in the fringes at each corner? Not less than seven and not more than thirteen. This is the choicest mode of carrying out the precept. But if one wound the threads, to form one division only, the fringe is regarded as correctly made. And if one wound the blue thread over the greater portion of the fringes, it is correctly made. The beauty of the blue thread is manifested if all the sections that are wound take up the first third of the pendent fringes, while the remaining two thirds are loose. The threads in this part need to be separated, so that they shall be like the fringes of hair on the head.",
|
34 |
+
"When a person uses white threads only without a blue thread, he takes one of the eight threads and winds it around the others to the extent of a third of the length, leaving two thirds for the loose fringe. With regard to this winding, if he desires to make divided sections as is done when a blue thread is used, he is at liberty to do so. And this is our custom. If, on the other hand, he desires to make the winding without divisions, he may do so. In short, what he should aim at is that the part wound shall be a third of the length and the fringe two thirds. Some pay no attention to this point, when only white threads are used. If one of the white threads has been wound round the greater portion of their length, or if only a single division has been made, the fringes are regarded as proper.",
|
35 |
+
"The white as well as the blue threads may be twined, if so desired. Even if the thread consisted of eight threads folded and twined so that it becomes a cord, it is still regarded as one thread only.",
|
36 |
+
"The threads used for the fringes, whether white or blue, must be spun with the express intention of being made into fringes. They are not made of wool caught by the thorns where the sheep lie down, nor from the wisps that are plucked from the animal, nor from the remainders of the warp left by the weaver on the selvage of the cloth, but only of the wool-shearing or of flax. Nor are the fringes to be made from wool that has been part of the proceeds of a robbery, or that comes from a city that has gone astray (Deuteronomy 13:13-18), nor from wool of beasts set apart for sacrifice. If such wool has been used for fringes, the latter are unfit for use. If a person prostrates himself in worship before a beast, its wool is unfit for use as fringes. But if he so prostrates himself before planted flax, it is fit for use, because its character has been changed.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">*The flax has been turned into linen.</i>",
|
37 |
+
"Fringes made by a non-Israelite are unfit for use, for it is said, \"Speak unto the <i>children of Israel</i> and bid them that <i>they</i> make them โฆ fringes\" (Numbers 15:38). But if an Israelite made them without thinking of their purpose, they are fit for use. Completed fringes attached to a garment are unfit for use.",
|
38 |
+
"For example, if one took the corner of a garment that had fringes and sewed it on to another garment, even if the corner was a cubit long and a cubit wide, the fringes are unfit for use, for it is said, \"They shall make unto themselves fringes\" (Numbers 15:38) but not attach those already madeโthis being analogous to a thing that came into existence of itself. It is however allowable to undo the fringes from one garment and insert them in another, whether the fringes are white or blue.",
|
39 |
+
"If threads were suspended from one corner of a garment to another and the threads in each corner were tied according to the prescribed rules, after which the threads were severed in the middle, so as to form separate fringes, they are unfit for use, because at the time when the threads were tied they were unfit for use, the two corners being connected by the threads between them, and they only became two fringes when they were severed, so that they were made out of fringes already completed.",
|
40 |
+
"When a person inserted additional fringes in a garment that already had them, if his intent was to nullify the first set of fringes, he is to undo these or cut them off, and the set subsequently added is fit for use. If however his intent was to add the second set, then, even if he cuts off either of the sets, the one remaining is unfit for use, because by the addition he made all the fringes unfit; and when he undid or cut off a superfluous set of fringes, the one remaining turns out to have been fashioned out of that which had already been complete, and the first time it had been made it was unfit.",
|
41 |
+
"So too if one inserts fringes in a garment with three corners and then makes a fourth corner and inserts a fringe in it, the fringes are all unfit for use, for it is said, \"Thou shalt make fringes\" (Deuteronomy 22:12) and not use those already made.",
|
42 |
+
"A garment is not to be folded and fringes inserted in the garment as folded, unless one of the edges at least is sewn up.",
|
43 |
+
"If the corner of the garment in which fringes have been inserted has become torn, and the tear is more than three fingers' breadth from the edge, it can be sewn up. If the tear is less than three fingers' breadth from the edge, it cannot be sewn up. If the space between the opening into which the fringes are inserted and the edge of the woven fabric has become less, (owing to the edge having worn away) the fringes are fit for use, provided that some portion of the fabric, however small, is still left. So also, if the threads of the fringes have become less in length, they are fit for use, provided that enough of them is left to make a loop. But if even a single thread has been severed at the point where the fringes are inserted, they are unfit."
|
44 |
+
],
|
45 |
+
[
|
46 |
+
"Blue thread, wherever it is mentioned in the Torah, is wool dyed azure, the color of the firmament seen in a blue sky when the sun is shining. The blue thread mentioned in connection with fringes must be dyed with a special dye which retains its lustre without change. Wool that has not been dyed in this dye is unfit for use as the blue thread, even though it is of the color of the sky; as, for instance, if it has been dyed with indigo, lamp-black or other darkening material, it cannot be used as the thread of blue with the fringe. The wool of a ewe whose dam was a she-goat is unfit for use as fringes.",
|
47 |
+
"How are the blue threads used with the fringes to be dyed? Wool is soaked in lime and afterwards washed till it is clean. It is then scalded in a solution of alum and similar substances such as are used by dyers, so that it may take the color. The blood of the <i>Chalazon</i> is then taken,โa fish the color of which is azure while its blood is black as ink. This fish is found in the Dead Sea. The blood is put into a cauldron together with other ingredients such as potash and similar substances used by dyers, and brought to a boiling point. The wool is immersed in the cauldron till it has assumed the hue of the sky. This is the blue thread used with the fringes.",
|
48 |
+
"The blue thread of the fringes must be dyed with that express intent. If it has been dyed without this intent, it is unfit for use. If a little wool was dyed in the cauldron containing the coloring material as a test, in order to ascertain whether the color is good or not, the entire contents of the cauldron become unfit. How then is one to proceed? A small portion of the cauldron's contents should be removed into a small vessel. In this, the wool used for testing should be placed, and subsequently burnt, because it was dyed for testing purposes. The dye in the vessel used for testing is also poured away because its being used for testing has rendered it unfit to be used for dyeing the blue thread. The wool which is to serve as the blue thread is dyed in the rest of the dye which has not been spoilt.",
|
49 |
+
"The blue thread is only to be purchased from a reliable expert. Otherwise there is reason to apprehend that it was not dyed with the express intent to be used with the fringes. Even though it had been bought of an expert, if it was afterwards ascertained that it had been dyed with one of the dark dyes that do not keep the color fast, it is unfit for use.",
|
50 |
+
"How is it tested, in order to determine whether it has been dyed in accordance with the legal requirements or not? Straw is taken, together with snail's slime and urine that has been permitted to stand for forty days. The wool is immersed in the mixture for a period of twenty-four hours. If the wool keeps its color and does not become paler, it is fit for use. If however it has become paler, dough of barley flour that had been put aside to become stale for fish sauce is taken. Into it, the blue thread, the color of which has faded is placed. The dough is baked in an oven. The blue thread is taken out of the loaf and examined. If it has become still paler, it is unfit for use. If the color is richer and darker than it had been before baking, it is fit for use.",
|
51 |
+
"In a market where blue thread is sold for fringes, and where the vendors have a reputation for trustworthiness, blue thread may be purchased without enquiry. No investigation is necessary, the benefit of the presumption continuing till suspicion of untrustworthiness arises. If blue thread was deposited with a non-Israelite, it is unfit for use, for fear that the depositary may have substituted other blue thread. If it was in a receptacle sealed with two seals, one within the other, it continues fit for use. If only one seal had been affixed, it becomes unfit for use.",
|
52 |
+
"Blue threads, found in the street, are unfit for use, even if they are found severed (in the usual lengths). If however they are twined they are fit for use. A garment with fringes is presumed to be fit for use, if bought from an Israelite. It likewise has the benefit of this presumption if purchased from a non-Israelite tradesman. But if the non-Israelite is a private person, the fringes are unfit for use.",
|
53 |
+
"If a garment is entirely red or green, or of any other color, the fringes which ordinarily are white should be of the same color as the garment; green, if it is green, red, if it is red. If the garment is entirely blue, the ordinary fringes should be of any color except black,โblack resembling blue. One blue thread is wound round the other fringes just as is done in the case of other fringes that are not colored.",
|
54 |
+
"Not to attach white fringes to one's garment is more culpable than to omit the blue thread. For the white fringes are procurable by all, while the blue thread cannot be obtained in all places and at all times on account of the need of the special dye, of which we have spoken."
|
55 |
+
],
|
56 |
+
[
|
57 |
+
"The garment in which one is bound by scriptural enactment to insert fringes, is a garment that has four corners or more than four corners; its dimensions must be sufficient to cover the head and greater portion of the body of a child that walks by itself in the street and does not need any one to watch it and accompany it; furthermore the garment has to be of wool or linen.",
|
58 |
+
"Garments of other materials such as silk, cotton, camel's hair, hares' down, goats' hair, etc., only require fringes by the ordinance of the sagesโto make us heedful of the precept concerning Fringes, and their ordinance also applies to garments with four or more corners and of the dimensions above stated; for wherever the Torah speaks of garments without special qualification, it refers exclusively to such as are of wool or linen.",
|
59 |
+
"\"On the four corners of thy vesture\" (Deuteronomy 22:12). This means that a garment requires fringes when it has four corners but not when it has three. But cannot the text also mean that the garment must have four fringes but not five? To guard against this inference, the text concludes, \"wherewith thou coverest thyself\", i.e., even if it has five corners or more. Why however should a garment with five corners be included in the obligation and one with three corners be exempted, seeing that neither has four corners? The answer is that the number five includes the number four. Accordingly, when fringes are inserted in a garment with five or six corners, they are to be inserted in those four of the five or six corners, that are furthest from each other, for it is said, \"On the four corners of thy vesture.\"",
|
60 |
+
"A garment made of cloth (as specified above) and the corners of which are of leather requires fringes. A garment of leather, the corners of which are of cloth is exempt, since the main part of the garment alone is taken into consideration. A garment owned by two partners requires fringes, for it is said, \"in the corners of their garments\" (Numbers 15:38). The word \"thy vesture\" (Deuteronomy 22:12) is only intended to exclude a borrowed garment from the obligation of fringes. Such a garment is exempt for thirty days, after which fringes must be inserted.",
|
61 |
+
"For a woolen garment, the white fringes are to be of wool. For a garment of flaxen material (linen) the white fringes are to be threads of linen, these being of the same species. For garments of other materials, the white fringes are to be threads of the same material as the garment, threads of silk for a garment of silk; goats' hair threads for a garment of goats' hair. If one desires to use woolen or flaxen (linen) threads as fringes for garments made of any other materials, he may do so. The reason is that fringes of wool or flax (linen) satisfy the requirements of the law whether the garments are of the same species of material or not; while fringes of other species are permissible when the garments are of the same species as the fringes but not when they are different.",
|
62 |
+
"May woolen threads be used as fringes in a garment of flaxen material, or flaxen threads in a woolen garment, even when only white fringes are inserted? According to the strict rule, this should be permissible, since the prohibition of a mixture of wool and flax is suspended in the case of fringes, the blue thread which is of wool being inserted in a garment of flax (linen). Why then is this not done? Because threads of the same material as the garment can be used as fringes. And wherever there are a positive precept and a negative precept, both of which can be observed, this should be done. Where they conflict, the affirmative overrides the negative commandment. In this case, however, both precepts can be observed.",
|
63 |
+
"In a garment of flax (linen), the blue thread is not inserted, but only white fringes of flaxen (linen) thread. This is not because the precept concerning fringes is superseded by the prohibition of a mixture of wool and flax. But it is a precautionary regulation of the sages who had in mind that such a garment might be worn at night when there is no obligation to have fringes on the garments, and so a prohibition would be violated at a time when there was no (over-riding) affirmative precept in force, since the duty of having fringes is incumbent by day and not at night, as it is said, \"that ye may look upon it\" (Numbers 15:39) which means at a time when it can be seen. A blind man is under the obligation of having fringes in his garments; for, although he does not see the fringes, others see them.",
|
64 |
+
"It is permitted to put on a garment with fringes at night, during the working week-days as well as on the Sabbath, notwithstanding that the precept is not obligatory at nightโprovided however that the blessing for the fringes is not recited. At what time in the morning is the blessing for the fringes recited? From the time when the white fringes can be distinguished from the blue thread. What is the form of the blessing? \"Blessed art Thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, Who hast sanctified us with Thy commandments and commanded us to enwrap ourselves in a garment with fringes\". And whenever, during the day such a garment is put on, the blessing is recited before putting it on. When fringes are inserted in a garment, no blessing is recited; the consummation of the precept is putting on the fringed garment.",
|
65 |
+
"It is permissible, while clad in a garment with fringes, to enter a lavatory (privy) or bath house. If threads either of the white fringes, or the blue cord, have been severed, the fringes may be thrown on the waste-heap, because the fringes though used in the fulfillment of a precept, have no intrinsic sanctity. It is forbidden to sell a garment with fringes to a non-Israelite, unless the fringes are unwound; not because any sanctity attaches to them, but for fear that the non-Israelite, wearing the garment with fringes, may be joined on the road by an Israelite who will deem him a co-religionist, and the Gentile may murder the Israelite. Women, bondsmen and minors are exempted by the Scriptural law from the obligation of having fringes in their garments. The Sages however have prescribed that a male child, as soon as he can put on a garment, is under the obligation of having a garment with fringes, so as to be trained in religious observances. If women or bondsmen desire to wear garments with fringes, no objection is raised, but they do not recite the blessing. The same is the rule with respect to other affirmative precepts from the obligation of which women are exempt. If they wish to fulfill them without reciting the blessing, no objection is raised. Persons of doubtful sex and a hermaphrodite, because of the doubt, are under the obligation to fulfill all the precepts. Hence, they do not recite the blessing, but fulfill the duty without pronouncing the benediction.",
|
66 |
+
"How is the obligation of the precept of fringes incurred? Anyone upon whom the fulfillment of this precept is incumbent, desirous of putting on a garment that requires fringes, must first insert them and then may put on the garment. If he puts it on before the fringes have been attached, he has neglected an affirmative precept. But garments to which fringes should be attached are exempt as long as no one has worn them and they are kept folded and put away, because the obligation does not attach to the garment, but is incumbent upon the owner of a garment (who wears it).",
|
67 |
+
"Although one is not bound to purchase a garment and wear it, so as to insert fringes therein, still it is not right for a pious man to release himself from the observance of this commandment. He should always endeavour to be robed in a garment that requires fringes, so as to fulfill this precept. He should be especially heedful of this, during prayer. For scholars it is particularly disgraceful to recite the prayers without being so robed.",
|
68 |
+
"At all times, a person should be heedful of the precept concerning fringes, since Holy Writ estimates it as so weighty that all the commandments are made dependent upon it, as it is said, \"And ye shall look upon it and remember all the commandments of the Lord\" (Numbers 15:39)."
|
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+
]
|
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+
],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
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+
"Chapter",
|
73 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/English/merged.json
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{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Fringes",
|
3 |
+
"language": "en",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Fringes",
|
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+
"text": [
|
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+
[
|
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+
"The tassel that is made on the fringes of a garment<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The word <i>anaf</i>, translated as \"tassel,\" literally means \"branch.\" Just as a branch is an extension of the tree, the tzitzit are extensions of the fringes.</i> from the same fabric as the garment<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See Chapter 3, Halachah 5.</i> is called tzitzit,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">in Numbers 15:38-39. Deuteronomy 22:12 refers to these tassels as <i>g'dilim</i> (braids).</i> because it resembles the locks of the head, as [Ezekiel 8:3] relates, \"And he took me by the locks of my head.\"<br>This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note Halachah 8, which derives a halachic ruling from this comparison of terms.</i> tassel is called the white [strands], because we are not commanded to dye it.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">According to the Torah alone (ืืืืืจืืืชื), we are obligated to place tzitzit only on fabrics of linen and wool (Chapter 3, Halachah 1). Both fabrics are white and need not be dyed.</i> The Torah did not establish a fixed number of strands for this tassel.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though the Rabbis established a fixed practice, as explained in Halachah 6, according to the Torah alone (ืืืืืจืืืชื) there is no fixed number of strands. Though there are some sources that appear to indicate that the Torah also fixed the number of strands required, <i>Sanhedrin</i> 88b concludes that the essence of the mitzvah of tzitzit is a Torah obligation; its explanation, however, is Rabbinic in origin.<br>Significantly, the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:12) rules that if one includes more than eight strands in tzitzit, they are unacceptable. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:1 goes further and states that by doing so, one violates the prohibition forbidding adding to a Torah commandment. Note the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 11:60, which quotes other opinions that differ.</i>",
|
9 |
+
"Then we take a strand of wool that is dyed a sky-like color<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., sky-blue. <i>Menachot</i> 43b relates that this color is also reminiscent of God's throne.</i> and wind it around this tassel. This strand is called <i>techelet</i>.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam discusses the nature of this dye and its preparation in Chapter 2.</i> The Torah did not establish a fixed requirement for the number of times that this strand should be wound [around the tassel].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 39a requires that the strand of <i>techelet</i> be wound at least seven times around the tassel, as explained in Halachah 8. This is a Rabbinic ordinance.</i>",
|
10 |
+
"Thus, this mitzvah contains two commandments: to make a tassel on the fringe [of a garment], and to wind a strand of <i>techelet</i> around the tassel. [Both these dimensions are indicated by Numbers 15:38, which] states: \"And you shall make tassels... and you shall place on the tassels of the corner a strand of <i>techelet</i>.\"",
|
11 |
+
"The [absence of] <i>techelet</i> does not prevent [the mitzvah from being fulfilled with] the white strands, nor does the [absence of] the white strands prevent [the mitzvah from being fulfilled with] <i>techelet</i>.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this aspect, they resemble the arm tefillin and the head tefillin. (See <i>Hilchot Tefillin</i> 4:4.) As explained in the following halachah, however, unlike tefillin, they are counted as one mitzvah and not two.</i><br>What is implied? A person who does not have <i>techelet</i> should make [tzitzit] from white strands alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is the practice in the present age, when we do not know how to obtain <i>techelet</i>. Even in Talmudic times, when <i>techelet</i> was available, it was very expensive, and many of the common people made their tzitzit without it.</i> Similarly, if [tzitzit] were made from both white strands and <i>techelet</i>, and afterwards, the white strands snapped and were reduced until [they did not extend beyond] the corner [of the garment],<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The explanation of the Rambam's statements has been debated by the commentaries. Our translation is based on the Rambam's Commentary on the Mishnah, <i>Menachot</i> 4:1.</i> and thus only the <i>techelet</i> remained, it is acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> emphasizes that the Rambam does not accept tzitzit that were made from <i>techelet</i> without any white strands. Since the verse states, \"and you shall place on the tassels of the corner a strand of <i>techelet</i>,\" there must be tassels of white strands around which to wind the <i>techelet</i>. Once this has been done, however, if the white strands are severed, one can still fulfill the mitzvah with the <i>techelet</i> alone.</i>",
|
12 |
+
"Although the [absence of] one does not prevent [the mitzvah from being fulfilled with] the other, they are not considered as two mitzvot.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In General Principle 11 of <i>Sefer HaMitzvot</i>, the Rambam writes:<br>One might think that since neither is dependent on the other, they would be counted as two mitzvot.... [Nevertheless,] they are a single mitzvah... because they have a single objective, \"that you remember all the mitzvot....\" All the elements that bring about this remembrance are counted as a single mitzvah.</i> Instead, they are a single mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Sefer HaMitzvot</i> (Positive Commandment 14) and <i>Sefer HaChinuch</i> (Mitzvah 386).</i> Whether [the tzitzit] a person wears on his garment are white, <i>techelet</i>, or a combination of the two colors, he fulfills a single mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Whether [the tzitzit] a person wears on his garment are white, techelet, or a combination of the two colors, he fulfills a single mitzvah.</i><br> The Sages of the early generations<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Sifre Zuta, Mechilta D'Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai</i></i> related: [Numbers 15:39 states:] \"And they shall be tzitzit for you.\" This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">the use of the singular form of the verb ืืืื</i> teaches that they are both one mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">teaches that they are both one mitzvah.</i><br> The [presence of each of the] four tzitzit is necessary [for the mitzvah to be fulfilled],<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., although a garment has several tzitzit, the mitzvah is not fulfilled unless it has all four.</i> because all four are [elements] of a single mitzvah.",
|
13 |
+
"How are the tzitzit made? One begins from the corner of a garment<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., the end of its woven portion. - The tzitzit must be placed at the \"corners\" or the \"fringes\" of the garment.</i> - i.e., the end of its woven portion. One ascends upward no more than three fingerbreadths from the edge,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Any further distance upward would be considered part of the garment itself and not its \"corner\" or \"fringe\" (<i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 11:9).</i> but no less than the distance from the knuckle of the thumb to its end.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is approximately two fingerbreadths. Any lower would be considered as \"below the fringe\" and not \"on the fringe\" (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:16).<br>Other opinions mention that these distances should also be applied in regard to the space between the hole and the side of the garment. It is customary to follow this view (<i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:10).</i><br>[A hole is made] and four strands inserted, [causing them] to be folded in half. Thus, there will be eight strands hanging down from the corner.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As mentioned in Halachah 1, the Torah does not explicitly mention the number of strands in the tzitzit. Although <i>Menachot</i> 39b derives this concept from the exegesis of Deuteronomy 22:12, the Rambam considers this process of derivation to be Rabbinic in origin (ืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื).</i> These eight strands must be at least four fingerbreadths long.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This decision is based on the Rambam's interpretation of<i>Menachot</i> 39a and 41b. Based on the same sources, Rabbenu Tam requires that the strands be at least twelve fingerbreadths long. His opinion is accepted as halachah by the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:4) and the later authorities.</i> If they are longer<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">even if they are a cubit or two long - it is acceptable. - It is common to make the strands slightly longer than twelve fingerbreadths, so that, even if they tear, they will still retain the desired length (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:9; <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 11:21).</i> - even if they are a cubit or two long - it is acceptable. The term \"fingerbreadth\" refers to a thumbbreadth.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Hilchot Sefer Torah</i> 9:9. In contemporary measure, a thumbbreadth is approximately 2 centimeters according to <i>Shiurei Torah</i>, and 2.4 centimeters according to <i>Chazon Ish</i>.</i><br>One of the eight strands should be <i>techelet</i>;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though the eight strands come from folding four larger strands, only half of one of these strands should be dyed. The other half should retain its natural color, white.<br>The Ra'avad disagrees with this point and maintains that one of the larger strands should be dyed in its entirety, thus producing two smaller strands that are dyed <i>techelet</i>. The <i>Tur</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10) and other Ashkenazic authorities maintain that two of the four strands were <i>techelet</i> and two were white.<br>The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> supports the Rambam's position, noting that Numbers 15:39 states, \"And you shall place on the tassels of the corner a strand (singular) of <i>techelet</i>.\" Note also the commentary of the <i>Or Sameach</i>.<br>Significantly, archaeological excavations have uncovered tzitzit belonging to bar Kochba's soldiers. Only one of the eight strands was dyed <i>techelet</i>.</i> the other seven should be white.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The dyed strand should be slightly longer than the others, so that, even after it has been wound around them, it will be the same length as the others.</i>",
|
14 |
+
"Afterwards, one should take one of the white strands and wind it once around the other strands close to the edge of the garment and let it go. Then one takes the strand that was dyed <i>techelet</i> and winds it twice [around the other strands], next to the coil made by the white strand, and then ties the strands in a knot. These three coils are called a segment.<br>Afterwards, one should leave a slight space, and then make a second segment using only the strand that was dyed <i>techelet</i>. Again, one should leave a slight space, and then make a third segment [using only the strand that was dyed <i>techelet</i> for this segment as well]. One should continue in this manner until the final segment, which is made of two coils of <i>techelet</i> and a final coil using a white strand.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The pattern of winding the <i>techelet</i> mentioned by the Rambam is based on his interpretation of <i>Menachot</i> 39a. As the Rambam mentions in Halachah 9, it must be followed only when the tzitzit include a strand of <i>techelet</i>. If they do not, as in the case of our tzitzit, different principles apply.<br>The Ra'avad differs with the Rambam's approach and suggests a different manner of winding the coils of the tzitzit, which resembles the pattern we use today. The Rambam was aware of this approach and, in one of his responsa, explains that the method he mentioned has its source in the Talmud (<i>Menachot</i>, ibid.), while the other approach is of later origin.</i> Since one began with a white strand, one concludes with it, because one should always ascend to a higher level of holiness, but never descend.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rashi, <i>Menachot</i>, ibid., states that since the white strand was used first, not ending with it would appear to detract from its importance.<br>The principle, \"one should always ascend to a higher level of holiness, but never descend,\" is applied in many other contexts within Torah law - e.g., <i>Hilchot Tefillin</i> 3:17.</i><br>Why should one begin using a white strand? So that [the coil that is] next to the corner of the garment should be similar to [the garment itself].<br>The same pattern is followed regarding all four corners.",
|
15 |
+
"How many segments should be made at every corner? No fewer than seven and no more than thirteen.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 39a explains that the <i>techelet</i> reminds one of the heavens. There are seven heavens and six spaces between them, thus resulting in a total of thirteen.</i><br>[The above] represents the most preferable way of performing the mitzvah. If, however, one wound only one segment around the strands, it is acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This law also applies at present, as mentioned in the following halachah.</i> Should one wind the <i>techelet</i> around the majority of the [length of the] tzitzit, it is acceptable. For the <i>techelet</i> to be attractive, [however,] all the segments should be in the upper third of the strands, and the [remaining] two thirds should hang loose.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the <i>Zohar</i>, Vol. III, p. 228b, which explains the mystical significance of the division of the tzitzit into three portions.</i><br>One must separate the strands like the locks of one's hair.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 8:7) obligates one to separate the strands of the tzitzit before putting on one's garment. Note the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 8:18, which quotes the <i>Ari zal</i> as stating that the word ืฆืืฆืช is an acronym for the Hebrew words meaning, \"A righteous person constantly separates his tzitzit.\"</i>",
|
16 |
+
"A person who makes [tzitzit using only] white threads without using <i>techelet</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As mentioned in Halachot 4-5, the absence of <i>techelet</i> does not prevent one from fulfilling the mitzvah of tzitzit. Indeed, this is the manner in which most people fulfill the mitzvah at present.</i> should take one of the eight strands and wind it around the others, covering one third of [the length of] the strands and leaving two thirds hanging loose.<br>When winding [this strand around the others], one may create segments as one does when winding the <i>techelet</i>, if one desires. This is our custom. If, however, one desires to wind [the strand around the others] without creating segments, one may.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Significantly, besides the knot with which the tzitzit are attached to the garment (Halachah 7), the Rambam does not mention tying knots in the tzitzit at all. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:14) mentions the common practice in which five knots are tied on the strands, leaving four spaces, which are filled with coils in between them. There are certain authorities who combine the two opinions, tying the knots as mentioned in the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, but dividing the coils into segments as the Rambam mentions (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:27-28,31).</i><br>The general principle is that one should intend that one third of the tzitzit be bound, and two thirds hang loose.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">If the tzitzit lack entirely strands which hang loose, they are unacceptable (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).</i> There are those, however, who are not precise about this matter when [making tzitzit] with white threads [alone].<br>Should one wind a white thread around the majority [of the length] of the strands or should one make only a single segment,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This principle is also accepted by the opinions that do not require that the coils be divided into segments of three. Even so, for tzitzit to be acceptable, they must possess at least three coils (<i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 11:63,66).</i> [the tzitzit] are acceptable.",
|
17 |
+
"Both the white strands and those dyed <i>techelet</i> may be made out of entwined strands.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam leaves the use of entwined strands up to a person's choice. The Ra'avad objects, quoting a passage from the <i>Sifre</i> that requires that the strands of the tzitzit be made by entwining different threads together. Numbers 15:38 uses the expression, <i>p'til techelet</i>. The word <i>p'til</i> implies \"twisted threads.\" See the <i>Targum Yonaton</i> to this verse. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:2) follows the Ra'avad's view and obligates the use of entwined strands. From Chapter 2, Halachah 7, it appears that the Rambam also considered this as the common practice.</i> Even a strand that is made from eight threads entwined into a single strand is considered as only a single strand in this context.",
|
18 |
+
"Both the white strands of the tzitzit and those dyed<i>techelet</i> must be spun for the sake of being used for [the mitzvah of] tzitzit.<br>[Tzitzit] may not be made from wool which becomes attached to thorns when sheep graze among them, nor from hairs which are pulled off the animal, and not from the leftover strands of the woof which the weaver leaves over when he completes a garment. Rather, they must be made from shorn wool or from flax.<br>[Tzitzit] may not be made from wool which was stolen, which came from an <i>ir hanidachat</i>, or which came from a consecrated animal. If such wool was used, it is unacceptable. If a person bows down to an animal, its wool is not acceptable for use for tzitzit. If, however, one bows down to flax which is planted, it is acceptable, because it has been changed.",
|
19 |
+
"Tzitzit that were made<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., attached to the garment and tied</i> by a gentile are not acceptable, as [implied by Numbers 15:38, which] states: \"Speak to the children of Israel... and you shall make tzitzit for yourselves.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 42a relates that this verse serves as the source for the ruling that only a Jew may tie tzitzit.<br>The <i>Hagahot Maimoniot</i> state that since the phrase ืืฉืจืื ืื ื literally means \"sons of Israel,\" tzitzit should not be made by women. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 14:1) does not accept this opinion. The Ramah, however, states that it is preferable for women not to tie tzitzit.</i> If, however, a Jew made tzitzit without the intention [that they be used for the mitzvah], they are acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This principle can be derived from the above concept. Were it necessary for the tzitzit to be tied with the intent that they be used for the mitzvah, there would be no need for a special verse from the Torah to teach that those made by a gentile are unacceptable. The concept would be self-explanatory. Whenever a deed must be performed with a specific intention, a gentile's acts are not acceptable (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).<br>The Ashkenazic authorities do not accept this premise and maintain that, at the very least, the strands must be attached to the garment with the intent that they be used for the mitzvah. (See <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 14:2.)</i><br>Tzitzit that are made from those already existing are not acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This principle is explained and illustrated in detail in the following four halachot.</i>",
|
20 |
+
"What is implied? Should a person bring the corner of a garment which has tzitzit attached to it and sew it onto another garment, it is not acceptable. [This applies] even if that corner of the garment is a square cubit in size.<br>[This concept is derived from Numbers 15:38, which] states: \"And you shall make tzitzit for yourselves\" - i.e., [you should make them] and not [use those] which were made previously,since this would be as if [the mitzvah] came about on its own accord.<br>It is permissible to remove strands [of tzitzit] - whether white or <i>techelet</i> - from one garment and tie them on another.",
|
21 |
+
"Should one suspend the strands between two corners of the garment and tie [tzitzit on] each of the corners in the proper manner, and then separate them from each other,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam is speaking about the following instance: The person used long strands and placed one end of them through each of the two holes. Afterwards, using the strands from each corner that was not passed through the hole, he tied both tzitzit, and then separated them from each other.</i> it is unacceptable.<br>[The rationale is] that, at the time they were tied, they were unacceptable, since the two corners were connected with each other through the strands. When the strands were cut, two tzitzit were made. This is considered as making tzitzit from those which already exist.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This law is based on the Rambam's interpretation of <i>Sukkah</i> 11a-b. Others (see <i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 11:13) interpret that passage as speaking about the tzitzit of a single corner. If one inserts a single long strand in the hole several times, thus producing eight strands, ties the tzitzit, and then separates the strands from each other, the tzitzit are not acceptable. This is also considered as making tzitzit from those which are already existing.</i>",
|
22 |
+
"[The following rules apply when] a person ties tzitzit over existing tzitzit: Should [he tie the second set] with the intention of nullifying the first set, if he unties or cuts off the first set,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 11:24, which describes the manner in which tzitzit should be removed from a garment.</i> the tzitzit are acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since he intended to remove the initial tzitzit, there is nothing wrong with attaching the second one (<i>Menachot</i> 40b).</i><br>Should, however, [he have tied the second set] with the intention of adding [a second tzitzit, the tzitzit] are not acceptable even though he cuts one of them off.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">16</sup><i class=\"footnote\">According to the Rambam, it does not matter which tzitzit he removes. For the tzitzit to be acceptable, both sets have to be removed, and then a single set retied.</i> When he added the second tzitzit, he disqualified both sets<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">17</sup><i class=\"footnote\">By adding the second set, he transgresses the prohibition against adding to the mitzvot of the Torah. Therefore, both sets of tzitzit are disqualified. The Ra'avad and the Ashkenazic authorities do not accept the Rambam's decision. They maintain that while both sets of tzitzit are hanging from the garment, their existence is not considered at all significant. It is as if they do not exist at all. Therefore, by removing the extra set, one is not making tzitzit from ones which previously exist. On the contrary, one is bringing an acceptable set of tzitzit into existence.<br>The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10:6) accepts the Rambam's view. The Ramah, however, follows the other opinions.</i>, and when he unties or cuts off the additional one, the remaining one is [disqualified because it involves] making [tzitzit] from those which are already existing, since the manner in which it existed previously was not acceptable.",
|
23 |
+
"Similarly, all the tzitzit of a garment are unacceptable<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">18</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam's statements have raised questions. Though all commentaries agree that the three tzitzit made when the garment had only three corners are unacceptable, the question revolves around the fourth corner. Why is the tzitzit made upon it disqualified? When it was made, the garment already had four corners. On this basis, the <i>Magen Avraham</i> (10:6) rules that, indeed, the fourth tzitzit is not disqualified and may remain.</i><br>[in the following instance]: A person placed tzitzit on a garment that had three corners.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">19</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Tzitzit are required only on a garment with four corners, as stated in the proof-text quoted from Deuteronomy and mentioned in Chapter 3, Halachah 1.</i> afterwards, he made the garment a fourth corner and placed tzitzit on it. [This is also excluded by the commandment, Deuteronomy 22:12:]<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">20</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There is a slight difficulty with the Rambam's statements: In this halachah he cites the verse from Deuteronomy as a proof-text, while in Halachah 13 he cited a verse from Numbers.</i> \"Make braids,\" [which implies that one may not use those] which were made previously.",
|
24 |
+
"A garment should not be folded in half, and then tzitzit hung on the four corners of the folded garment,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">21</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Although in its present state, the garment has four corners, unless it is sewn it is possible that the folds will open and the position of the corners will change (<i>Menachot</i> 41a). Note the Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10:6), who quotes a difference of opinion where the tzitzit should be placed during the time the garment is folded. Because of this difference of opinion, <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 10:13 suggests not wearing such a garment unless it is sewn closed.</i> unless one sews it along [one] side entirely. [It is sufficient, however, to sew it] on one side alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">22</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Our translation follows the explanation of the <i>Beit Yosef</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 10). Note, however, the explanation of the <i>Be'ur Halachah</i> 10.</i>",
|
25 |
+
"[The following rules apply] if the corner [of the garment] to which the tzitzit were attached is torn off the garment: If more than three fingerbreadths were torn, it may be sewed back in its place.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">23</sup><i class=\"footnote\">When the torn portion is three fingerbreadths long, it is considered as the \"corner\" of the garment. Therefore, the tzitzit are considered to be attached to a significant portion of the garment and need not be untied before the corner can be sewn back on the garment (<i>Nimukei Yosef, Menachot</i> 40b). The commentaries note the apparent contradiction between this law and Halachah 13, which forbids one to sew a piece of a garment to which tzitzit are attached to another garment. The commentaries differentiate between these two laws, explaining that there is a difference between a piece of fabric from another garment (Halachah 13) and a portion of the original garment which was detached (the present halachah). The <i>Turei Zahav</i> 15:3 does not accept this distinction, and maintains that even attaching a piece of the original garment is unacceptable. The later authorities suggest following this stringency.</i><br>If less than three fingerbreadths were torn off, it should not be sewn back.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">24</sup><i class=\"footnote\">A portion of a garment less than three fingerbreadths long is not considered significant. Therefore, the tzitzit are no longer considered to be attached to part of the garment. Accordingly, when this fragment is sewn back to the garment, the tzitzit attached to it will be disqualified, based on the principle that one must make tzitzit and not use those existing previously. If, however, one untied the tzitzit, one may sew the detached corner back onto the garment, and then attach new tzitzit to it (Rav David Arameah).<br>The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> quotes Rav Amram Gaon as stating that, if such a small portion was detached from the garment, tzitzit may never be attached to the garment again. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 15:4) suggests following this more stringent view if possible.</i><br>If the portion of the garment is between [the hole through which] the tzitzit [are attached] and the end of the garment, it is acceptable, even though only the smallest portion of the fabric remains.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">25</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Although initially the tzitzit had to be positioned a certain distance above the end of the garment, as mentioned in Halachah 6, after they were attached to the garment in the proper manner, there is greater leniency (<i>Menachot</i> 42a). The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 11:10) suggests sewing a border around the hole through which the strands are placed so that it will not tear.</i><br>Similarly, if the [length of the] strands of the tzitzit was reduced,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">26</sup><i class=\"footnote\">For example, they became torn. Based on <i>Menachot</i> 38b, the Rabbis have offered two interpretations of \"enough to tie a loop\":<br>a) enough to tie a loop around all the strands of the tzitzit;<br>b) enough to tie a loop around the strand itself.<br>The grammatical construction of the Rambam's statements indicates - albeit not definitely - that he favors the latter view.<br>(Note the <i>Be'ur Halachah</i> 12, which states that the measure \"to tie a loop\" surely does not exceed four centimeters.)<br>The Rambam maintains that even if the majority of all the strands of the tzitzit were cut off, as long as \"enough to tie a loop remains,\" the tzitzit are acceptable. If, however, both ends of one long strand are cut off entirely, the tzitzit are not acceptable. Rabbenu Tam does not accept this decision and requires that at least two entire strands remain their full length. (See <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 12:1.) The later authorities, particularly in the Ashkenazi community, suggest following Rabbenu Tam's view.</i> it is acceptable, as long as enough of the strand remains to tie a loop. Should, however, even a single strand be torn off [from the place to which it is attached to the garment], it is no longer acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">27</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Turei Zahav</i> 12:3.</i>"
|
26 |
+
],
|
27 |
+
[
|
28 |
+
"The term <i>techelet</i> mentioned throughout the Torah refers to wool dyed light blue - i.e., the color of the sky which appears opposite the sun when there is a clear sky.<br>The term <i>techelet</i> when used regarding tzitzit refers to a specific dye that remains beautiful without changing. [If the <i>techelet</i>] is not dyed with this dye, it is unfit to be used as tzitzit even though it is sky blue in color. For example, using isatis, black dye, or other dark dyes, is unacceptable for tzitzit.<br>The wool of a ewe that a goat gave birth to is unacceptable for use as tzitzit.",
|
29 |
+
"How is the <i>techelet</i> of tzitzit dyed? Wool is taken and soaked in lime. Afterwards, it is taken and washed until it is clean and then boiled with bleach and the like, as is the dyers' practice, to prepare it to accept the dye. A chilazon is a fish whose color is like the color of the sea and whose blood is black like ink.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The identity of the chilazon is a matter of question. <i>Menachot</i> 44a states that it would be visible only once in seventy years. From <i>Bechorot</i> 6:2, one can infer that it was a long snakelike fish. From other sources, it appears to be a snaillike animal. In his Commentary on the Mishnah (<i>Menachot</i> 4:1), the Rambam writes that <i>techelet</i> is no longer available. Similarly, Rabbenu Yitzchak Alfasi (who lived two generations before the Rambam) writes that \"we do not have <i>techelet</i>.\"<br>Approximately one hundred years ago, Rabbi Gershon Henoch Leiner attempted to reintroduce a dye which he determined to be<i>techelet</i>. Similarly, Rabbi Herzog, the first Chief Rabbi of Israel, attempted to locate the chilazon. Although, from a theoretical perspective, the Torah community appreciated the value of their research, in practice, their decisions were not accepted by the majority of Torah scholars.</i> It is found in the Mediterranean Sea.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though ืื ืืืื generally refers to the Dead Sea, there are times when the Rambam uses this term to refer to the Mediterranean. See the conclusion of his Commentary on the Mishnah.</i><br> The blood is placed in a pot together with herbs - e.g., chamomile - as is the dyers' practice. It is boiled and then the wool is inserted. [It is left there] until it becomes sky-blue. This is the manner in which the <i>techelet</i> of tzitzit [is made].",
|
30 |
+
"One must dye tzitzit <i>techelet</i> with the intention that it be used for the mitzvah. If one did not have such an intention, it is unacceptable.<br>When one places some wool in the pot in which the dye was placed, to check whether the dye is good or not, the entire pot may no longer be used [for tzitzit].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 42b interprets the phrase, \"totally <i>techelet</i>\" (Exodus 28:31 , to mean that the entire dye must be intended for a ritual purpose.</i> [If so,] how should one check [the dye]? He should take some dye from the pot in a small container and place the wool he uses to check in it. Afterwards, he should burn the wool used to check - for it was dyed for the purpose of checking<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Thus, it is unfit to be used for tzitzit. This wool should be burned lest it be discovered by someone else and unknowingly used for tzitzit.</i> - and pour out the dye used to check it, since using it for an experiment disqualified it. Afterwards, he should dye [the wool] <i>techelet</i> with the remainder of the dye which was not used.",
|
31 |
+
"<i>Techelet</i> should only be purchased from a recognized dealer because we are concerned that perhaps it was not dyed with the intention that it be used for the mitzvah. Even though it was purchased from a recognized dealer, if it was checked,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since it was purchased from a recognized dealer, there is no obligation to check it. Nevertheless, if it was checked, it can be disqualified. See Halachah 6.</i> and it was discovered that it was dyed with another dark dye which is not of a permanent nature, it is not acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam's statements appear to imply that the blood of the chilazon must be used for tzitzit, not because of a Torah decree, but because it was the only lasting dye they had (<i>Kinat Eliyahu</i>).</i>",
|
32 |
+
"How can <i>techelet</i> be checked to see whether it has been dyed properly or not? One takes straw, the secretion of a snail, and urine that had been left standing for forty days and leaves the<i>techelet</i> in this mixture for an entire day. If the color of the<i>techelet</i> remained unchanged, without becoming weaker, it is acceptable.<br>If it became weaker, we place the <i>techelet</i> which changed color inside a dough of barley meal that was left to sour for fish brine. The dough is baked in an oven, and then the <i>techelet</i> is removed. If it became even weaker than it was previously, it is unacceptable. If this strengthened the color and it became darker than it was before being baked, it is acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">These processes are mentioned in <i>Menachot</i> 42b-43a.</i>",
|
33 |
+
"One may purchase <i>techelet</i> from an outlet which has established a reputation for authenticity without question. It need not be checked. One may continue to rely [on its reputation] until a reason for suspicion arises.<br>Should one entrust <i>techelet</i> to a gentile for safekeeping, it is no longer fit for use, [because] we fear that he exchanged it. If it was in a container and closed with two seals, one seal inside the other,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The concept of two seals is explained in the laws of kashrut. See <i>Hilchot Ma'achalot Asurot</i> 13:8.</i> it is acceptable. If, however, it had only a single seal, it may not be used.",
|
34 |
+
"If a person found <i>techelet</i> in the marketplace - even strands which were cut - it is not fit for use.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Even if it proves to be <i>techelet</i>, we assume that it was not dyed for the purpose of being used for tzitzit.</i>If they were twisted together, however, they are acceptable.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">We assume that twisted strands of <i>techelet</i> were made to be used for tzitzit. It is unlikely that someone would go to the trouble of twisting strands of <i>techelet</i> for any other purpose. (See the Ra'avad.)<br>Our text follows the standard published versions of the <i>Mishneh Torah</i>, which is supported by a responsum purported to have been written by the Rambam. The original printings and many authoritative editions of the <i>Mishneh Torah</i> state that even twisted strands of <i>techelet</i> are not acceptable when found in the marketplace. This version appears to be supported by the Rambam's ruling, <i>Hilchot Shabbat</i> 19:24, which is based on the same Talmudic passage, <i>Eruvin</i> 96b.</i><br>[The following rules apply when] a person purchases a garment to which tzitzit are attached in the marketplace. When he purchases it from a Jew, he may presume [that it is acceptable]. If he purchases it from a gentile merchant, it is [presumed to be] acceptable;<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">We assume that a merchant will not risk tarnishing his reputation by misrepresenting an article.</i><br> from a non-Jew who is a private person, it is not acceptable.",
|
35 |
+
"When a garment is entirely red, green, or any other color [besides white], its white strands should be made from the same color as the garment itself. If it is green, they should be green. If it is red, they should be red.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The rationale for this decision is that tzitzit must be \"of the same type of fabric as the fringe of the garment.\" This also implies that they should share the same color as the fringe (Rashi, <i>Menachot</i> 43b).<br>This decision is not shared by <i>Tosafot, Menachot</i> 41b, which rules that white strands are appropriate even when the garment itself is of another color. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:5) mentions that those who are precise in their performance of mitzvot follow the Rambam's view. The Ramah, however, maintains that one should use white tzitziot for all garments.</i><br>Should the garment itself be <i>techelet</i>, its white strands should be made from any color other than black,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> notes that the Rambam's statements are not an exact quote from his source, <i>Menachot</i>, ibid., which substitutes the word <i>kelah ilan</i> instead of black. <i>Kelah ilan</i> is a dye which looks almost exactly the same as <i>techelet</i> except that it is not made from the blood of the chilazon. The <i>Kessef Mishneh</i> suggests that the Rambam meant that any dark color is unacceptable although lighter colors would be acceptable. It is necessary that there be a contrast between the color of the strands of tzitzit, just as there is a contrast between white and <i>techelet</i>.</i><br> for it resembles <i>techelet</i>. He should wind one strand of <i>techelet</i> around all the strands, as one does with other tzitzit that are not colored.",
|
36 |
+
"The punishment given someone who does not wear [tzitzit of white strands] is more severe than that given one who does not wear <i>techelet</i>, because the white strands are easily accessible while <i>techelet</i> is not available in every time and in every era, because of the [unique] dye mentioned above.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Even in Talmudic times, <i>techelet</i> was very expensive and difficult to obtain. As mentioned in the commentary on Halachah 1, according to most authorities, <i>techelet</i> is not available in the present era, nor has it been available for at least 1000 years.<br>144</i>"
|
37 |
+
],
|
38 |
+
[
|
39 |
+
"A garment to which the Torah obligates a person to attach tzitzit<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">With this expression, the Rambam could be alluding to the concept that a person is not obligated to wear tzitzit. Should a person desire to wear a garment of the type that requires tzitzit, then he has the opportunity to fulfill the mitzvah. See Halachot 10-11.</i> [must meet the following requirements]:<br>a) it must have four<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Deuteronomy 22:12 states: \"Make braids on the four corners of your garments.\" As explained in Halachah 3, this excludes a garment with fewer than four corners.</i> - or more than four<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">corners; - See Halachah 3.</i> - corners;<br>b) it must be large enough to cover both the head and the majority of the body of a child<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i> 41a adds that the garment must be large enough for an adult to use it occasionally.<br>This requirement is particularly significant regarding a <i>tallit katan</i>. Note the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 16:4, which requires that a <i>tallit katan</i> be at least 0.75 of a cubit long and 0.75 of a cubit wide on each side, without including the area of the hole where one's head is inserted. Preferably, the <i>tallit katan</i> should be a cubit by a cubit on each side.</i> who is able to walk on his own in the marketplace without having someone else accompany him and watch<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The <i>Tur</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 16) defines this as referring to a child who is at least nine years old.</i> him;<br>c) it must be made of either wool or linen alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained in the following halachah.</i>",
|
40 |
+
"In contrast, a garment made of other fabrics<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">for example, clothes of silk, cotton, camels' wool, hares' wool, goats' wool, - The term \"wool\" when used without any modifier refers to wool from sheep or rams alone.</i> - for example, clothes of silk, cotton, camels' wool, hares' wool, goats' wool, and the like<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">are required to have tzitzit only because of Rabbinic decree - The Rambam's opinion is quoted as halachah by the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:1). The Ashkenazic authorities, however (see the Ramah), disagree and maintain that all four-cornered garments require tzitzit regardless of the fabric they are made of. This difference of opinion results from the interpretation of a debate between Amoraim (<i>Menachot</i> 39b).<br>Because of this difference of opinion, the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:6) suggests that everyone wear a <i>tallit</i> of wool, so that he will fulfill the mitzvah as required by the Torah according to all opinions. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 9:4 and the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 9:5 suggest that a God-fearing person should have both his <i>tallit gadol</i> and his <i>tallit katan</i> made of wool. See also the commentary on Halachah 5.</i> - are required to have tzitzit only because of Rabbinic decree, in order to show regard for the mitzvah of tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Were tzitzit not required to be attached to these garments, people might not attach them to the garments which do require them.</i><br>[These garments require tzitzit only] when they are four-cornered<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">or have more than four corners - and are of the measure mentioned above. - Even when extending the scope of the mitzvah, the Rabbis maintained these criteria, which are explained in the previous halachah.</i> - or have more than four corners - and are of the measure mentioned above.<br>[The motivating principle for this law]<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained in <i>Menachot</i>, ibid.</i> is that all the garments mentioned in the Torah without any further explanation<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This includes the garments to which tzitzit are attached, as Numbers 15:38 states: \"On the corners of their garments.\"</i> refer to those made of either wool or linen alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since, regarding the prohibition against mixing fabrics (<i>sha'atnez</i>, <i>Hilchot Kilayim</i> 10:1) and the laws of <i>tzara'at</i> (leprosy, <i>Hilchot Tumat Tzara'at</i> 13:1), the Torah mentions garments of wool and linen, we can assume that any place in the Torah which mentions the word \"garment\" is referring to one made from wool or linen unless another fabric is explicitly mentioned.</i>",
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"On the four corners of your garments (Deuteronomy<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this halachah, the Rambam departs from his usual pattern of stating a law tersely without explanation, and quotes the entire passage (<i>Menachot</i> 43b), from which these laws are derived.</i> 22:12 : This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Torah's command to attach tzitzit</i> applies to a garment which possesses four corners, but not to one which possesses only three.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">since the mention of a specific number of corners obviously is intended to exclude garments which do not meet this requirement.</i> Perhaps, [it<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">this phrase</i> comes to include] a four-cornered garment and [to exclude] a five-cornered garment?<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., why restrict the scope of the exclusion?</i> The Torah continues: \"with which you cover yourself.\" This<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">extra phrase, which has no apparent purpose was added to</i> includes even a five- (or more) cornered garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">One also \"covers himself\" with such garments.<br>The Talmud continues, asking</i><br>Why do I obligate a garment of five corners and exempt a garment of three corners?<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Why is the inclusion applied to a five-cornered garment and the exclusion to a three-cornered garment? Perhaps they should be reversed, after all,</i> Neither<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">a three- or five-cornered garment</i> has four corners [as required by the above verse].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Talmud answers:</i> Because a five-cornered garment has four corners.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Therefore, it is logical to assume that the inclusion applies to it. This concludes the quotation from the Talmud.</i><br>Accordingly,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since the reason tzitzit are placed on a five-cornered garment is that it possesses four corners</i> when one attaches tzitzit to a garment with five or six corners, one should attach the tzitzit only to the four corners<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Indeed, if one attaches tzitzit to more than four corners of the garment, one transgresses the prohibition against adding to a Torah commandment (<i>Magen Avraham</i> 10:2).</i> which are farthest apart from each other<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">for, in this way, the tzitzit will be more noticeable (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 10:3).</i> from among these five or six corners, as [implied by the phrase,] \"On the four corners of your garments.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There are other opinions, which maintain that a garment with more than four corners does not require tzitzit. In consideration of these opinions, it is preferable not to wear such garments at all (<i>Magen Avraham</i> 10:1).</i>",
|
42 |
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"If a garment is made of cloth<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">any cloth, not only wool or linen</i> and its corners of leather, it requires tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The same law applies when not only the corners, but also a portion of the garment itself, is leather. As long as the majority of the garment is cloth, it requires tzitzit (<i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 10:8; <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 10:10).</i> If the garment is of leather and its corners are of cloth,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this case as well, as long as the majority of the garment is leather</i> it does not require tzitzit. The determining factor is the makeup of the garment itself.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is derived from the conclusion of the verse from Deuteronomy, \"with which you cover yourself.\" A person covers himself with the major portion of the garment (Rabbenu Manoach).</i><br>A garment belonging to two partners requires [tzitzit], as [implied by Numbers 15:38]: \"On the corners of their garments.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Here, the usage of a plural term implies an inclusion of garments which belong to many owners.<br>In contrast,</i> The term \"your garments\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In this verse, the singular form of the word \"your\" is used.</i> [(Deuteronomy 22:12 , which is interpreted as an exclusion,] excludes only a borrowed garment, since a borrowed garment does not require tzitzit for thirty days.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Nevertheless, one is allowed to attach tzitzit to the garment if one chooses. Furthermore, one is allowed to borrow a colleague's tallit and recite a blessing over it - even without his knowledge (<i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 14:3-4).</i> Afterwards, it does require them.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the <i>Hagahot Maimoniot</i>, which explain that, even after thirty days, the Torah does not require a person to attach tzitzit to a garment which is not his own. The Sages, however, imposed this obligation because the garment appears to be his.</i>",
|
43 |
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"For a garment of wool, the white strands should be made of wool.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">alone.</i> For a garment of linen, the white strands should be made of linen.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">alone. Note the explanation in the following halachah.</i> For garments of other [fabrics],<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">As mentioned in the commentary on Halachah 2, there is a difference of opinion among the Rabbis whether garments made from fabrics other than wool or linen require tzitzit or not. According to the opinions which maintain that they do, the concepts that follow are derived from the exegesis of a Biblical verse. (See <i>Menachot</i> 39b.) According to the Rambam, who maintains that the requirement of tzitzit on these garments is Rabbinic in origin, we must assume that these concepts were part of the Rabbinic ordinance requiring tzitzit for these garments (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).</i> the white strands should be made from the same fabric as the garment itself.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The authorities who consider the obligation to attach tzitzit to such garments as stemming from the Torah explain that, in the commandment to attach tzitzit, the Torah mentions the word \"corner\" an extra time, to teach that the tzitzit should be made of the same fabric as the corners.</i> For example, silk strands should be used for a silk garment, strands of goats' wool should be used for garments of goats' wool.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">If one chooses to make tzitzit from these fabrics, one should use them for all four tzitzit. It is questionable whether it is acceptable to make some of the tzitzit of a specific garment from wool and others from the fabric of which the garment is made (<i>Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chayim</i> 9:4).</i><br>If one desired to make white strands of wool or linen<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 9:2) states that at present it is customary not to make linen tzitzit at all.</i> for [garments of] any type [of fabric], one may,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Menachot</i>, ibid., derives this concept from the fact that Deuteronomy 22:12 mentions the mitzvah to attach tzitzit to our garments directly after the mention of the prohibition of making garments of wool and linen. Our Sages explain, that although mixtures of wool and linen are forbidden in general, such a mixture is required in tzitzit. (See the following two halachot.) Therefore, whenever tzitzit are made, either of these two fabrics may be used.</i> because [strands of] wool and linen can fulfill the obligation [of tzitzit] for garments made of their own fabric or for garments made of other fabrics.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rabbi Meir of Rothenberg maintains, however, that wool and linen strands alone are not sufficient, and only a combination of wool and linen including strands of <i>techelet</i> can be used to fulfill the obligation of tzitzit for garments made from other fabrics. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 9:4 suggests considering this opinion.</i> In contrast, [strands made] from other fabrics can fulfill the obligation [of tzitzit] only for garments made of their own fabric.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 9:5 and the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 9:10,13 which discuss a situation where the garment is woven from both wool and another fabric.</i>",
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44 |
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"What is the ruling regarding making woolen strands for a garment of linen or linen strands for a garment of wool<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">even though we are speaking only of the white strands without techelet? - It appears that the Rambam is asking about attaching tzitzit that have only white strands, without attaching <i>techelet</i>. Thus, one can conclude that when attaching tzitzit to a linen garment, it is forbidden to make the white strands of wool even though one includes a woolen strand of<i>techelet</i>. Though the prohibition against <i>sha'atnez</i> is lifted for this garment, it is lifted only when there is no alternative but to do so (<i>Kessef Mishneh</i>).</i> - even though we are speaking only of the white strands without <i>techelet</i>?<br>One might think that it should be permitted, because <i>sha'atnez</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">a mixture of wool and linen which is forbidden. (See Deuteronomy 22:11 and <i>Hilchot Kilayim</i>, Chapter 10.)</i> is permitted to be used for tzitzit, as evident from the fact that <i>techelet</i> is made using woolen strands,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Chapter 2, Halachot 1- 2.</i> and yet it should be placed on a linen garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">according to Torah law. See, however, the following halachah.</i> Nevertheless, this<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Using linen strands for a woolen garment or vice versa</i> is not done.<br>Why? Because it is possible to make the white strands from the same fabric as [the garment].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Woolen strands for a woolen garment, linen strands for a linen garment, and thus skirt the prohibition entirely.</i> Whenever [a conflict exists] between the observance of a positive commandment and the adherence to a negative commandment, [the following rules apply]:<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The following are general rules which apply, not only regarding tzitzit, but in other circumstances as well: for example, <i>Hilchot Milah</i> 1:9.</i> If it is possible to observe both of them,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">by fulfilling the positive commandment without breaking the prohibition</i> one should. If not, the observance of the positive commandment supersedes the negative commandment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rav Nissim Gaon explains that although the violation of a negative commandment receives a more severe punishment than the failure to observe a positive commandment, when God originally gave the negative commandments, He prescribed that they do not apply when adherence to them causes the performance of a positive commandment to be nullified.<br>The <i>Tanya</i> (<i>Iggeret HaTeshuvah</i>, Chapter 1) explains the rationale for this principle. Man's purpose in this world is to spread Godly light through the observance of mitzvot. Accordingly, the observance of these mitzvot is always given preference when there is such a conflict.<br>It must be emphasized that one must fulfill the mitzvah at the time one is violating the transgression. It is forbidden, however, in order to break a commandment to later perform a mitzvah.</i> In the present instance, however, it is possible to observe both of them.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained above.<br>144</i>",
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45 |
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"<i>Techelet</i> should not be attached to a linen garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This decree was imposed even when <i>techelet</i> was available.</i> Rather, one should [make the tzitzit] from white threads of linen alone.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">even though by doing so, one does not fulfill the mitzvah of tzitzit to the fullest degree.</i> This is not because [the prohibition against] <i>sha'atnez</i> supersedes [the mitzvah of] tzitzit, but rather it is a Rabbinical decree<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rabbis have the power to ordain that a person bypass the performance of a Torah commandment. Surely this applies in the present instance, when the mitzvah of tzitzit is not nullified entirely.</i> [imposed] lest one wear the garment at night,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Significantly, the Rambam does not quote his apparent source (<i>Menachot</i> 40b) exactly. The Talmud states \"lest one wear a garment of the night.\" The Rambam's change of phraseology teaches two concepts. First, that not only a garment which is generally worn at night, but even one which is worn primarily during the day, should not have <i>techelet</i> attached to it, lest one wear it during the night.<br>This also sheds light on a more involved issue. There is a difference of opinion among the Rabbis if the exclusion of wearing tzitzit at night applies to all tzitzit, or if it applies only to garments which are worn primarily at night. According to the latter opinion, garments worn primarily at night do not require tzitzit, even when worn during the day. In contrast, a garment which is worn primarily during the day requires tzitzit, even during the night and one does not transgress the prohibition against <i>sha'atnez</i> when wearing it at that time.<br>By altering the terminology used by the Talmud, the Rambam indicates his acceptance of the first perspective. Rabbenu Asher is the primary exponent of the second position. The <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 18:1) mentions both views without reaching a conclusion.</i> when one is not required to wear tzitzit, and thus violate a negative commandment when the performance of a positive commandment is not involved.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Hilchot Kilayim</i> 10:32, which mentions a similar concept regarding the priestly garments. The sash worn by the priests was made from <i>sha'atnez</i>. Therefore, the priests were allowed to wear it only when they were actually involved in the Temple service. Wearing it at other times constitutes a transgression, and not a mitzvah.<br>Significantly, Rabbenu Tam differs with the Rambam and allows the sash and tzitzit to be worn even during the times when doing so does not fulfill a mitzvah.</i><br>[This is because] the obligation to wear tzitzit applies during the day, but not at night [as can be inferred from Numbers 15:39]: \"And you shall see them.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the <i>Magen Avraham</i> 8:13, which states that this verse also implies that one should wear tzitzit in a manner in which the strands can be seen.</i> [The mitzvah applies only] during a time when one can see.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., the daytime hours. Note the <i>Chatam Sofer</i> and Rabbi Akiva Eiger (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 18), who mention opinions that maintain that the mitzvah is not limited by the times of day and night, but rather by situations when one can see the tzitzit. During a daytime eclipse, one would not be obligated.</i> [Nevertheless,] a blind man is obligated to wear tzitzit. Even though he does not see them, others see him [wearing them].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">There is no question concerning a blind man's obligation. He is required to wear tzitzit and may recite a blessing beforehand (<i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 17:1).</i>",
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"A person is permitted to wear tzitzit at night,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., doing so is not a transgression of the prohibition against adding to the performance of a mitzvah.<br>The <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 21:15 quotes the <i>Ari zal</i>, as advising one to sleep in a <i>tallit katan</i> at night.</i> both during the weekdays<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Rabbi Yitzchak Abuhav maintains that this law applies even to tzitzit containing <i>techelet</i>. Based on the previous halachah, however, most authorities do not accept this opinion.</i> and on the Sabbath,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">On the Sabbath, it is forbidden to carry in the public domain. Therefore, one might think that it is forbidden to wear a garment with tzitzit at night, for it would be considered as if one is carrying them. The Rambam is teaching us that the tzitzit are not considered to be a burden, but rather an adornment of the garment to which they are attached (<i>Hilchot Shabbat</i> 19:20).</i> even though this is not the time when the mitzvah should be fulfilled, provided he does not recite a blessing.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Therefore, when a <i>tallit</i> is put on during the night - e.g., before the <i>Selichot</i> prayers - a blessing should not be recited (Ramah, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 18:3).</i><br>When should the blessing over tzitzit be recited in the morning?<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">According to the Rambam, this question applies whether one wears his <i>tallit</i> at night or not. Nevertheless, because of Rabbenu Asher's opinion mentioned in the previous halachah, if someone slept in his <i>tallit katan</i>, he should not recite a blessing upon it in the morning. Instead, it is preferable that he recite the blessing over his <i>tallit gadol</i> with the intention of including the <i>tallit katan</i> (<i>Mishneh Berurah</i> 8:24).</i> When [the sun has risen so] that one can differentiate between the strands of <i>techelet</i> and those which are white.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This time is slightly more than midway between dawn (ืขืืืช ืืฉืืจ) and sunrise (ืื ืฅ ืืืื).<br>Note the Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 18:3), who allows the blessing to be recited from dawn onwards.</i><br>Which blessing should be recited upon it? \"Blessed are you, God, our Lord, King of the universe, who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to wrap ourselves with tzitzit.\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">This is the blessing recited over the <i>tallit gadol</i>. For a <i>tallit katan</i>, most authorities suggest concluding <i>al mitzvat tzitzit</i>, \"concerning the mitzvah of tzitzit.\"</i> Whenever a person wraps himself in tzitzit during the day, he should recite the blessing before doing so.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note the difference of opinion between the <i>Shulchan Aruch</i> (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 8:14) and the Ramah, whether a person who removes his <i>tallit</i> with the intention of putting it on again in the near future is obligated to recite a blessing or not.</i><br>No blessing should be recited on the tzitzit when making them,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note <i>Hilchot Berachot</i> 11:9, which states that one should recite the blessing, <i>shehecheyanu</i>, when one acquires or makes tzitzit. (See <i>Shulchan Aruch</i>, <i>Orach Chayim</i> 22:1.)</i> because<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">making the tzitzit or even attaching them to the garment is only a preparatory act</i> the ultimate purpose of the mitzvah is that one should wrap oneself in [a <i>tallit</i>].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Hilchot Mezuzah</i> 5:7; <i>Hilchot Berachot</i> 11:8.</i>",
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"It is permissible to enter a lavatory or a bathhouse [wearing] tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">since the tzitzit themselves are not considered sacred articles. <i>Shulchan Aruch HaRav</i> 21:3 and the <i>Mishnah Berurah</i> 21:14 state that it is improper to enter a lavatory wearing a <i>tallit gadol</i>. Since this garment is worn exclusively at the times of prayer, it is not fitting to wear it in a lavatory.</i> If one of the strands of white or <i>techelet</i> becomes torn, it may be discarded in a garbage dump,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">in contrast to sacred articles that have become worn, which must be entombed. (See <i>Hilchot Sefer Torah</i> 10:3-4.)<br>The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 21:1) differs and maintains that even after tzitzit have been removed from a garment, they should not be treated with disrespect.</i> because tzitzit is a mitzvah which does not confer sanctity on the article itself.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Though the tzitzit are used to perform a mitzvah, they, themselves, do not become sacred.</i><br>It is forbidden to sell a garment with tzitzit to a gentile until he removes the tzitzit, not because the garment possesses a measure of holiness,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">and we are afraid that he will deface it. (See <i>Hilchot Mezuzah</i> 5:11.)</i> but because we are concerned that he will dress in it, and [unknowingly,] a Jew will accompany him, thinking that he is a fellow Jew, and the gentile may kill him.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Note <i>Hilchot Rotzeach UShemirat HaNefesh</i> 12:7, which forbids traveling together with a gentile.</i><br>Women,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Women are not required to fulfill any mitzvot whose observance is linked to a specific time. (See <i>Hilchot Avodat Kochavim</i> 12:3.) Since tzitzit are worn only during the day, women are not obligated to wear them.</i> servants,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">7</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., gentile servants, who are required to fulfill only the mitzvot for which women are obligated. (See <i>Hilchot Tefilah</i> 1:2 and <i>Hilchot Issurei Bi'ah</i> 12:11, 14:9.) A Jew sold as a slave is required to fulfill all the mitzvot.</i> and minors<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">8</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Torah does not place any obligations on minors.</i> are not required by the Torah to wear tzitzit.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">9</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Likkutei Sichot</i> (Vol. 17) notes that the Rambam's choice of phraseology appears to indicate that the requirement to become trained in the performance of mitzvot obligates the child himself. Generally, it is understood that the obligation is on the child's parents, who are required to train him in Torah observance.<br>The contention that the obligation is on the child himself is supported by <i>Hilchot Berachot</i> 5:15-16, which states that an adult who has eaten only a small meal can fulfill his obligation to recite the grace by answering \"Amen\" to the blessings recited by a child who has reached the age of education. This ruling is based on the rationale that both the child and the adult share the same degree of obligation, a Rabbinical decree. This appears to indicate that the Sages placed the obligation to recite grace on the child himself.</i> It is, however, a Rabbinical obligation for every child who knows how to dress himself<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">10</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 17:3) interprets this to mean, \"knows how to wrap himself in tzitzit in the ritual manner.\"</i> to wear tzitzit in order to educate him to fulfill mitzvot.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">11</sup><i class=\"footnote\">In many communities, it is customary to begin training a child to wear a <i>tallit katan</i> from the time he is toilet trained. In other communities, a child begins to wear tzitzit from the age of 6.</i><br>Women and servants who wish to wrap themselves in tzitzit may do so<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">12</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Ramah (<i>Orach Chayim</i> 17:1), however, advises against women wearing tzitzit, explaining that doing so would be a sign of conceit.</i> without reciting a blessing. Similarly, regarding the other positive commandments which women are not required to fulfill, if they desire to fulfill them without reciting a blessing, they should not be prevented from doing so.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">13</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Since they are not obligated to fulfill these commandments, it is improper for them to say the blessing which praises God \"who has commanded us\" to perform the mitzvot.<br>This perspective is not accepted by Ashkenazic authorities. The<i>Magen Avraham</i> 17:1 explains that the fact that, as our Sages relate, women are given some measure of reward for the fulfillment of these commandments indicates that the commandment applies - albeit not completely - to them as well.</i><br>A <i>tumtum</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">14</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The word <i>tumtum</i> has its roots in the word <i>atum</i>, which means \"a solid block.\" It refers to a person whose genitalia are covered by skin, so that it is impossible to determine whether he is male or female. (See also <i>Hilchot Avodat Kochavim</i> 12:4, <i>Hilchot Ishut</i> 2:25.)<br>Should a <i>tumtum</i> undergo an operation and it be revealed that he is either male or female, he is bound by the laws which apply to that gender.</i> and an <i>androgynous</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">15</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Androgynous</i> is a combination of the Greek words meaning \"man\" and \"woman.\" It refers to a person who possesses the sexual organs of both genders. (See also <i>Hilchot Ishut</i> 2:24.)</i> are obligated in all positive commandments because of the doubt [about their status].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">16</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., it is doubtful whether they are governed by the laws applying to a man or those applying to a woman. The doubts are, however, different in nature. With regard to a <i>tumtum</i>, we are uncertain what is his true gender. With regard to an <i>androgynous</i>, however, the question revolves around the Sages' failure to define his status.<br><b>Therefore, they fulfill [all these positive commandments] -</b> lest they be considered men.<br><b>without reciting a blessing. -</b> lest they be considered women. Needless to say, according to Ashkenazic practice, they would be required to recite blessings as well.</i> Therefore, they fulfill [all these positive commandments] without reciting a blessing.",
|
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"What is the nature of the obligation of the commandment of tzitzit? Every person who is obligated to fulfill this mitzvah,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">i.e., adult males, as explained in the previous halachah</i> if he wears a garment requiring tzitzit,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See Halachot 1-4.</i> should attach tzitzit to it and then wear it.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">if he desires to do so.</i> If he wears it without attaching tzitzit to it, he has negated [this] positive commandment.<br>There is, however, no obligation to attach tzitzit to a garment which requires tzitzit, as long as it remains folded in its place, without a person wearing it.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">13The Rambam wants to emphasize that</i> It is not that a garment requires [tzitzit].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">5</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam's statements in this halachah revolve around a difference of opinion of our Sages, <i>Menachot</i> 42b. There are Sages who maintain that tzitzit is an obligation that depends on the garment - i.e., the mitzvah is completed by placing tzitzit on every garment which requires them. The other opinion states that tzitzit are an obligation incumbent on a person, that a person is required to attach tzitzit to his garments. The Rambam rephrases the latter opinion as follows:</i> Rather, the requirement is incumbent on the person [wearing] the garment.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">6</sup><i class=\"footnote\">With this choice of phraseology, he desires to indicate that - in contrast to other mitzvot (e.g., tefillin) - there is no obligation from the Torah to wear tzitzit every day. Only when a person desires to wear a garment that requires tzitzit is he obligated to fulfill the mitzvah.<br>This conception represents a change of position for the Rambam. Rav Yitzchak Alfasi, whose decisions the Rambam frequently followed, maintains that each person is obligated to wear tzitzit, apparently indicating that tzitzit, like tefillin, are an obligation which a person is required to fulfill.<br>The Rambam apparently held this view himself at one time. Therefore, in <i>Sefer HaMitzvot</i>, at the conclusion of the listing of the positive commandments, he lists tzitzit (together with tefillin) as one of the positive commandments whose observance we must pursue. Here, his choice of phraseology indicates that, although the mitzvah is incumbent on the person, it does relate to the garment. Only when a person wears a garment which requires tzitzit is he obligated to fulfill the mitzvah.</i>",
|
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"Even though a person is not obligated to purchase a tallit and wrap himself in it so that he must attach tzitzit to it,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">1</sup><i class=\"footnote\">as explained in the previous halachah.</i> it is not proper for a person to release himself from this commandment. Instead, he should always try to be wrapped in a garment which requires tzitzit so that he will fulfill this mitzvah.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">2</sup><i class=\"footnote\">because of the importance of this mitzvah, as mentioned in the following halachah.<br>The Rambam mentions being \"wrapped in a garment requiring tzitzit,\" an expression which appears to refer to a <i>tallit gadol</i>, a garment of the size and cut appropriate for \"wrapping oneself.\" Significantly, throughout these halachot, he has used that term and never makes any reference to a <i>tallit katan</i>, the smaller garment which is colloquially called \"tzitzit\" today.<br>In Talmudic times, draping oneself with a garment that resembled our <i>tallitot gedolot</i> was common, but in different lands and different eras, the style of dress changed and, except for sages who would spend their day involved in study, it was rare that a person would wear a <i>tallit gadol</i> throughout the day. Accordingly, the people took to wearing the smaller <i>tallit katan</i>, which could be accommodated to other styles of dress more easily.<br>There is no explicit mention of a <i>tallit katan</i> in the Talmud, although a story related in <i>Menachot</i> 44a appears to indicate that such garments were worn in that era as well. The writings of the early Ashkenazic and later Sephardic rabbis of the Middle Ages mention the wearing of a <i>tallit katan</i> as an accepted practice.</i><br>In particular, care should be taken regarding this matter during prayer.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">3</sup><i class=\"footnote\">The Rambam does not specify the morning service. Perhaps he refers to the afternoon service as well.</i> It is very shameful for a Torah scholar to pray without being wrapped [in a tallit].<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">4</sup><i class=\"footnote\">See <i>Rosh HaShanah</i> 17b, which relates that when God revealed the thirteen qualities of mercy to Moses, \"He wrapped Himself [in a tallit] like a leader of prayer and taught him the order of prayer.\"</i>",
|
50 |
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"A person should always be careful regarding the mitzvah of tzitzit, because the Torah considered it equal to all the mitzvot and considered them all as dependent on it, as [implied by Numbers 15:39]: \"And you shall see them and remember all the mitzvot of God.\""
|
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|
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|
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"https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH001020101/NLI"
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/Hebrew/Torat Emet 370.json
ADDED
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[
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"ืขึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึถืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืขึทื ืึผึฐื ึทืฃ ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืึดืึผึดืื ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืืึผื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผืึนืึถื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืจึนืืฉื. ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืงืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึทืึผึดืงึผึธืึตื ึดื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืช ืจึธืืฉืึดืืด. ืึฐืึถื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืืึผื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึธืึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธื ืึผ ืึฐืฆึปืึผึดืื ืึฐืฆึธืึฐืขืึน. ืึฐืึตืื ืึฐืืึผืึตื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืึดื ึฐืึธื ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื:",
|
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"ืึฐืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืืึผื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฆึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืึธืจึธืงึดืืขึท ืึฐืืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืึฐืืึผื ืึถื ืืึผื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึฐืึตืื ืึฐืึดื ึฐืึทื ืึทืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืฉืึถืึผืึนืจึตืึฐ ืืึผื ืึถื ืฉืึดืขืึผืจ ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื:",
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"ื ึดืึฐืฆึฐืืึผ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฆึทืึผึดืื. ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืขึธื ึธืฃ ืืึนืฆึตื ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื. ืึฐืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืจึนืึฐ ืขึทื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืืึผื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืขึธืฉืืึผ ืึธืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืชืด <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐื ึธืชึฐื ืึผ ืขึทื ืฆึดืืฆึดืช ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืคึผึฐืชึดืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืชืด:",
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"ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืขึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืขึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึผึตืืฆึทื. ืึฒืจึตื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืืึน ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึน. ืึฐืึตื ืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืึธืึธื ืึผืชึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐื ึดืคึฐืกึทืง ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึฐื ึดืชึฐืึทืขึตื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืจ ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ:",
|
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"ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึถืึธื ืึตืึถื ืึฐืขึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึฒืึตืจืึน ืึตืื ึธื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึทืึทืช. ืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึดืื <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึธืึถื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืชืด ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช. ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืช ืึฐืขึทืึผึฐืืึนืช ืืึน ืึถืช ืืึน ืฉืึถืึทืจึฐืึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช. ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืึตืฉื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึธืึธื ืืึน ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืืึน ืฉืึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืงึดืึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึทืึทืช:",
|
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"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึดืึผึธืึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถืึดืื ืกืึนืฃ ืึธืึธืจืึผื ืึผืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื ืึนื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช ืึฐืึทืขึฐืึธื ืึฐืึนื ืคึผึธืืึนืช ืึดืงึผึถืฉืึถืจ ืึผืึผืึธื ืึผืึทืึฐื ึดืืก ืฉืึธื ืึทืจึฐืึผึธืขึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืคึฐืึธื ืึผึธืึถืึฐืฆึทืข. ื ึดืึฐืฆึฐืืึผ ืฉืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืฉืึปืึผึธืฉืึดืื ืชึผึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึดื ืึทืงึผึถืจึถื. ืึฐืึนืจึถืึฐ ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึทืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึตืื ืคึผึธืืึนืช ืึตืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึผึตื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึทืึผึธื ืืึน ืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึดืื. ืึฐืึธื ืึธืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช ืึผึฐืืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึดืึฐืึถื ืึถืึธื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืืึผื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึดืึฐืขึธื ืึฐืึธื ึดืื:",
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"ืึฐืืึนืงึตืึท ืืึผื ืึถืึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผืึน ืึผึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืขึทื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืึผืึทื ึผึดืืืึน. ืึฐืืึนืงึตืึท ืืึผื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผืึน ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึผึฐืจึดืืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืงืึนืฉืึตืจ. ืึฐืึตืึผืึผ ืึทืฉึผืึธืึนืฉื ืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืึตื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธืึดืื ืึปืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึฐืขึทื ืึฐืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึผึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึทืึผืึน. ืึผืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึฐืขึทื ืึฐืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึดืืช ืึฐืึตื ืขึทื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืึฒืจืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผึธืึผ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืฉืึถื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึผืึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึทืึฒืจืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื ืึฐืกึทืึผึตื ืึผืึน ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืึดืื ืึผึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื ืึฐืึนื ืืึนืจึดืืึดืื. ืึฐืึธืึผึธื ืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืกึธืืึผืึฐ ืึดืึฐื ึทืฃ ืึดืื ึธืึผ. ืึฐืขึทื ืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืึถื ืืึผื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผึฐื ึธืคืึนืช:",
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"ืึผึทืึผึธื ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืืึผื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึผึธื ึธืฃ. ืึนื ืคึผึธืืึนืช ืึดืฉึผืึถืึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึนืฉื ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื. ืึฐืืึน ืึดืื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึปืึฐืึธืจ. ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืึถืึผึธื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืขึทื ืจึนื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐื ืึนื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืืึผ ืึผึธื ืึทืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึดืืฉื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึทืึฐืฉืึปืึฐืฉืึธืึดืื ืึผืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึตืืึถื ืขึธื ึธืฃ. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืคึธืจึฐืืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึฐืขึทืจ ืึธืจึนืืฉื:",
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"ืึธืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึผึฐืึนื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืืึนืงึตืึท ืึถืึธื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืขึทื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึธื ืึผืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึดืืชึธื ืขึธื ึธืฃ. ืึผืึฐืจึดืืึธื ืืึน ืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึดืึฐืจึนืึฐ ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึธืจึฐืฉืืึผืช ืึผึฐืึธืืึน ืึฐืึถื ืืึผื ืึดื ึฐืึธืึตื ืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึดืึฐืจึนืึฐ ืึผึฐืึนื ืึดื ึฐืึทื ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืขืึนืฉืึถื. ืึผึฐืึธืืึน ืฉืึถื ืึผึธืึธืจ ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืึทืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉื ืึฐืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึดืื. ืึฐืึตืฉื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึฐืึธืึธืจ ืึถื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืขึทื ืจึนื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืืึน ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืึถืึผึธื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื:",
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"ืึถืึธื ืืึผืึตื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึถืึธื ืืึผืึตื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืฉืึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึถื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืึทืืึผื ืึผึธืคืึผื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืฉืึธืืึผืจ ืขึทื ืฉืึถื ึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืคึผึฐืชึดืื ืึถืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ื ึถืึฐืฉืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืืึผื ืึถืึธื:",
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"ืืึผืึตื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึตืื ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฆึฐืจึดืืึดืื ืึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืฉืึตื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฐืึตืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืืึนืชึธื ืึนื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึทื ึผึถืึฑืึธื ืึผึทืงึผืึนืฆึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึนืื ืจืึนืึฐืฆึดืื ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื. ืึฐืึนื ืึดื ืึทื ึผึดืืึดืื ืึทื ึผึดืชึฐืึธืฉืึดืื ืึดื ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึธื. ืึฐืึนื ืึดืฉึผืึดืึผืึผืจึตื ืฉืึฐืชึดื ืฉืึถืึธืืึนืจึตื ืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึผึฐืกืึนืฃ ืึทืึผึถืึถื. ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืึดื ืึทืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื. ืึฐืึตืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืืึนืชึธื ืึดืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึทืึผึธืืึผื ืึฐืึนื ืึดืฉึผืึถื ืขึดืืจ ืึทื ึผึดืึผึทืึทืช ืึฐืึนื ืึดืฉึผืึถื ืงึธืึธืฉืึดืื. ืึฐืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผื. ืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึฒืึถื ืึดืึฐืึตืึธื ืฆึทืึฐืจึธืึผ ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฒืึธื ืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึฒืึถื ืึฐืคึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึทื ึผึธืืึผืขึท ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึธื:",
|
35 |
+
"ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถืขึธืฉืึธื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผืึผืชึดื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผึทืึผึตืจ ืึถื ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตืืด <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืขึธืฉืืึผ ืึธืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืชืด. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึทืึผึธื ึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถื ึผึทืขึฒืฉืึธื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื ืึดืงึผึนืึถื ืคึผึธืกืึผื:",
|
36 |
+
"ืึผึตืืฆึทื. ืึตืึดืื ืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผืชึฐืคึธืจึธืึผ ืขึทื ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึตืฉื ืึผึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืึทืึผึธื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืขึธ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืึผ ืึธืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืชืด, ืึนื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื, ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึผืึนืึถื ืึฐืึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึทืขึฒืฉืึตืืช ืึตืึตืึถืืึธ. ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึทืชึผึดืืจ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดืึผึถืึถื ืึถื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืึถืึถื ืึทืึตืจ ืึผึตืื ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช:",
|
37 |
+
"ืชึผึธืึธื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืึดืึผืึน ืึฐืืึน ืึฐืงึธืฉืึทืจ ืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืืึน ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึธื ึธืฃ ืืึน ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึฒืชึธืึธื ืึผึธืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึฐื ึดืคึฐืจึฐืืึผ ืึถื ืึดืึผึถื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึผึฐืขึตืช ืฉืึถืงึผึฐืฉืึธืจึธื ืึธืืึผ ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึดืื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฐืชึผึตื ืึทืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืึฐืขึนืจืึนืช ืืึน ืึผึธืืึน ืึผึทืืึผืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื ืึผืึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืคึผึฐืกึธืงึธื ื ึทืขึฒืฉืืึผ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืช ื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื:",
|
38 |
+
"ืึดืึผึดืื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืึนืช ืึทืชึผึดืืจ ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืืึน ืืึนืชึฐืึธืึผ ืึผืึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืึฐืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึธืชึทืึฐ ืึทืึทืช ืึดืฉึผืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึน ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืคึผึธืกึทื ืึถืช ืึทืึผื ืึผืึฐืฉืึถืึดืชึผึดืืจ ืืึน ืึธืชึทืึฐ ืึทืชึผืึนืกึถืคึถืช ื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ื ึทืขึฒืฉืึธื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื ืฉืึถืขึฒืฉืึดืึผึธืชืึน ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื ืึธืึฐืชึธื:",
|
39 |
+
"ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึทืึผึดืื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืฉืึฐืึดืืึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึดืึผึดืื ืึธืจึฐืึดืืขึดืืช ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถืืด ืึฐืึนื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื:",
|
40 |
+
"ืึตืื ืึผืึนืคึฐืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึทืึผึดืืช ืึดืฉืึฐื ึทืึดื ืึผืึทืึผึดืืึดืื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึธืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคึถืืึธ ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึดืื ืึผึฐืคืึผืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึผึตื ืชึผึฐืคึธืจึธืึผ ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึตืจืึผืึท ืึทืึทืช:",
|
41 |
+
"ื ึดืคึฐืกึทืง ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืืึผืฅ ืึฐืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช ืชึผืึนืคึฐืจึธืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืึธืึผ. ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึนื ืึดืชึฐืคึผึนืจ. ื ึดืชึฐืึทืขึฒืึธื ืึธืึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึตืื ืืึผืึตื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผืึตืื ืกืึนืฃ ืึธืึธืจืึผื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืจ ืึดื ืึธืึธืจืึผื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ. ืึฐืึตื ืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึทืขึฒืืึผ ืืึผืึตื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืจ ืึตืึถื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืขึฒื ึดืืึธื ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืคึฐืกึทืง ืึทืืึผื ืึตืขึดืงึผึธืจืึน ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืืึผื ืึถืึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:"
|
42 |
+
],
|
43 |
+
[
|
44 |
+
"ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึธืึฒืืึผืจึธื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืึดืื ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึทืฆึผึธืืึผืขึท ืึผึฐืคึธืชืึผืึฐ ืฉืึถืึผึทืึผึธืื. ืึฐืืึน ืึดืื ืึผึฐืืึผืช ืึธืจึธืงึดืืขึท ืึทื ึผึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึฐืขึตืื ืึทืฉึผืึถืึถืฉื ืึผึฐืึธืึณืจืึน ืฉืึถื ืจึธืงึดืืขึท. ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึธืึฒืืึผืจึธื ืึผึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธืชึธืึผ ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธื ืึฐืืึผืขึธื ืฉืึถืขืึนืึถืึถืช ืึผึฐืึธืคึฐืึธืึผ ืึฐืึนื ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึถื. ืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืึธืจึธืงึดืืขึท. ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืฆึผึฐืึธืขืึน ืึผึฐืึดืกึฐืึดืืก ืืึน ืึผึฐืฉืึธืืึนืจ ืืึน ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืึผึทืฉืึฐืึดืืจึดืื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืจึธืึตื ืึผึทืช ืขึตื ืฆึทืึฐืจึธืึผ ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช:",
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"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืฆืึนืึฐืขึดืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึฐืฉืืึนืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผึฐืกึดืื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืกึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ื ึธืงึดื ืึผืึทืจึฐืชึผึดืืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผึฐืึธืึฒืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผืึน ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืึฐ ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึทืึผึธืขึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืึนื ืึถืช ืึธืขึทืึดื. ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึผึทื ืึดืึผึธืืึนื ืึฐืืึผื ืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึถื ืขึตืื ืึน ืึฐืขึตืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึธืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนืจ ืึผึดืึฐืืึน. ืึผืึฐืึธื ืึทืึผึถืึทื ืืึผื ืึธืฆืึผื. ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืืึนืจึธื ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืขึดืึผืึน ืกึทืึฐืึธื ึดืื ืึผึฐืืึน ืึทืงึผึธืืึนื ึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืึฐ ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึทืึผึธืขึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผืึทืจึฐืชึผึดืืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืึผืึน ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึตืขึธืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืจึธืงึดืืขึท. ืึฐืืึน ืึดืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช:",
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46 |
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"ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฆึฐืจึดืืึธื ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืฆึฐืึธืขึธืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืฉืึฐืึธืึผ ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืจึธื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืึดื ืฆึธืึทืข ืึผึธืึผ ืึฐืขึทื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืงืึน ืึดื ืืึผื ืึธืคึถื ืึดื ืึธืื ื ึดืคึฐืกึฐืึธื ืึทืึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ. ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืึทืขึฒืฉืึถื. ืืึนืงึตืึท ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืึดื ืึทืึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึดื ืงึธืึธื ืึผืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืึผืึน ืฆึถืึถืจ ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึตืง ืึผืึน ืึฐืฉืืึนืจึตืฃ ืึถืช ืฉืึถืึผึธืึทืง ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึทืข ืึดืึฐืึดืืงึธื. ืึฐืฉืืึนืคึตืึฐ ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืฉืึถืึผึทืึผึฐืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึทืง ืึผืึน ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึทืขึฒืืึน ืึผืคึฐืกึธืืึน. ืึฐืฆืึนืึตืขึท ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืฉืึถืึผึนื ื ึดืคึฐืึผึธื:",
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47 |
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"ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืื ึธืึผ ื ึดืึฐืงึทืึทืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึปืึฐืึถื, ืืึนืฉืึฐืฉืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึฐืขึธื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืฉืึฐืึธืึผ. ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืึฐืงึฐืึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึปืึฐืึถื ืึดื ื ึดืึฐืึผึฐืงึธื ืึฐื ืึนืึฐืขึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฆึฐืึผึฐืขึธื ืึผึฐืึถืึธื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืึฐืขืึนื ึดืื ืึทืึผึทืฉืึฐืึดืืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:",
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"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืึผืึนืึฐืงึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึตืขึท ืึดื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึฐืขึธื ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึดื ืึธืื. ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืชึผึถืึถื ืึฐืจึดืืจ ืฉืึถื ืฉืึทืึผึฐืืึผื ืึผืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืชึฐืึทืึผึฐืฆืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึผึธืขึดืื ืืึนื ืึฐืฉืืึนืจึดืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึตืขึตืช ืึฐืขึตืช. ืึดื ืขึธืึฐืึธื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืึนื ืึผึธืึฒืชึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึผึธืึฒืชึธื ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืึผึธืฆึตืง ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืขืึนืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืขึทืคึผึฐืฉืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึฐืืึผืจึฐืึธืืก ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืึถืช ืืึน ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึตืืช ืึผึฐืชืึนืืึน ืึฐืืึนืคึถื ืึทืึผึธืฆึตืง ืึผึฐืชึทื ึผืึผืจ ืึผืืึนืฆึดืืึดืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึดื ืึทืคึผึทืช ืึฐืจืึนืึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึดื ืึผึธืึฒืชึธื ืึดืึผึทื ืฉึผืึถืึธืึฐืชึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืขึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืึปืฉืึฐืึฒืจึธื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึดืึผึทื ืฉึผืึถืึธืึฐืชึธื ืงึนืึถื ืึธืึฒืคึดืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื:",
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49 |
+
"ืึธืฆึตืจ ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืึผึธืึผ ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึธืืึผ ืึปืึฐืึธืงึดืื ืึผึฐืึทืฉืึฐืจืึผืช ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื ืกึฐืชึธื ืึฐืึตืื ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึผึฐืึดืืงึธื ืึทืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืงึธืชึธืึผ ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึตืึธืฉืึตื. ืึทืึผึทืคึฐืงึดืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืฆึถื ืึทืึผืึผืชึดื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึน ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึถืึฑืึดืืคึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึดื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึธืชืึผื ืึผึดืฉืึฐื ึตื ืืึนืชึธืืึนืช ืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึผึฐืืึนืชึธื ืึถืึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:",
|
50 |
+
"ืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึทืฉึผืืึผืง ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืฆึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืงึดืื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืฉืึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื). ืึทืึผืึนืงึตืึท ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึฐืฆึปืึผึถืฆึถืช ืึดื ืึทืฉึผืืึผืง, ืึดืึผึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืงึธืชึธืึผ, ืึดื ืึทืึผืึนื ืึทืชึผึทืึผึธืจ ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื, ืึดื ืึทืึถืึฐืืึนื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:",
|
51 |
+
"ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืึฒืึปืึผึธื ืืึน ืึฐืจึปืงึผึธื ืืึน ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืึฐืขืึนื ึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืืึผืึตื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืฆึดืึฐืขึธืึผ. ืึดื ืึฐืจึปืงึผึธื ืึฐืจึปืงึผึดืื ืึดื ืึฒืึปืึผึธื ืึฒืึปืึผึดืื. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืึฐืขืึนื ึดืื ืืึผืฅ ืึดื ืึทืฉึผืึธืืึนืจ ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืืึผื ื ึดืจึฐืึถื ืึผึดืชึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืึทืึผื ืืึผื ืึถืึธื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืึฐ ืฉืึถืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึฐืืึผืขึดืื:",
|
52 |
+
"ืงึธืฉืึถื ืขึนื ึถืฉื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืึธืึธื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึตืขึนื ึถืฉื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดื ึผึดืืึท ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึธืฆืึผื ืึทืึผื ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืฆืึผืึธื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืฉืึถืึธืึทืจึฐื ืึผ:"
|
53 |
+
],
|
54 |
+
[
|
55 |
+
"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถืึทืึผึธื ืึธืึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึธืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืืึน ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข. ืึฐืชึดืึฐืึถื ืึดืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผ ืจึนืืฉืืึน ืึฐืจึปืึผืึน ืฉืึถื ืงึธืึธื ืึทืึผึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึผึทืฉึผืืึผืง ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึทืึตืจ ืึฐืฉืึธืึฐืจืึน ืึฐืึตืืึตืึฐ ืขึดืึผืึน. ืึฐืชึดืึฐืึถื ืึทืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื:",
|
56 |
+
"ืึฒืึธื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืื ึดืื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึผึดืึฐืึตื ืึถืฉืึดื ืึผืึดืึฐืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผึถืคึถื ืึผืึดืึฐืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืึฐืฆึถืึถืจ ืึทืจึฐื ึธืึดืื ืึฐื ืึนืฆึธื ืฉืึถื ืขึดืึผึดืื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึตืื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึดืึผึธืึตืจ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึฐืจึปืึผึทืขึทืช ืืึน ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึดืึฐืึถื ืฉืึดืขืึผืจึธืึผ ืึผึทืฉึผืึดืขืึผืจ ืฉืึถืึธืึทืจึฐื ืึผ. ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืึธืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืกึฐืชึธื ืึตืื ึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผืคึดืฉืึฐืชึผึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื:",
|
57 |
+
"<small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึทื ึฐืคืึนืช ืึผึฐืกืึผืชึฐืึธืด ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื. ืึดื ืึผึตื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื. ืชึผึทืึฐืืึผื ืืึนืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึฐืึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผืด ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื ืืึน ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึถื. ืึฐืึธืึผึธื ืึฒื ึดื ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื ืึผืคืึนืึตืจ ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึผืฉืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื ืึตืื ึธื ืึผึทืขึฒืึตื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคืึนืช. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืึถืึธืึตืฉื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื ืืึน ืฉืึตืฉื ืึตืื ืึน ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืึทืึฐืจึปืึธืงืึนืช ืืึน ืึดืึผืึน ืึตืืึนืชึธื ืึถืึธืึตืฉื ืืึน ืึทืฉึผืึตืฉื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื. ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึทื ึฐืคืึนืช ืึผึฐืกืึผืชึฐืึธ: ",
|
58 |
+
"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืึผืึฐื ึธืคึถืืึธ ืฉืึถื ืขืึนืจ ืึทืึผึถืึถืช. ืึดืื ืฉืึถื ืขืึนืจ ืึผืึฐื ึธืคึถืืึธ ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึถืึผึธื ืึทืึทืจ ืขึดืงึผึทืจ ืึทืึผึฐืกืึผืช. ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึปืชึผึธืคึดืื ืึทืึผึถืึถืช ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืขึทื ืึผึทื ึฐืคึตื ืึดืึฐืึตืืึถืืด. ืึนื ื ึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผึฐืกืึผืชึฐืึธืด ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืขึตื ืฉืึฐืืึผืึธื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึทืึผึดืืช ืึทืฉึผืึฐืืึผืึธื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึธื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึฐืึนืฉืึดืื ืืึนื ืึดืึผึธืื ืึฐืึตืืึธืึฐ ืึทืึผึถืึถืช:",
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59 |
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"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืืึผืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ. ืึผืึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืืึผืึตื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื. ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึผึธื ืึดืื ืึธืึดืื ืึดืึผึดืื ืึน ืึผึฐืืึนื ืืึผืึตื ืึถืฉืึดื ืึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืึถืฉืึดื ืึฐืืึผืึตื ื ืึนืฆึธื ืึดืึฐืกืึผืช ื ืึนืฆึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึธื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืื ึดืื ืึดืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืึดืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึถื. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึฐืึทืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืคึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืื ึดืื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืคึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืึตืื ืคึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื:",
|
60 |
+
"ืึผืึทื ืืึผื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืืึผืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืึน ืืึผืึตื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึผึฐืึนื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึผึฐืึดืื ืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืฉืึถืึทืฉึผืึทืขึทืึฐื ึตื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืขึดื ึฐืึทื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฆึถืึถืจ ืืึผื ืึผืึทืึผึดืืึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึฐืคึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื. ืึผืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึธื ืึตืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึตื. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึดืึผึดืื ึธืึผ. ืึฐืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึทืชึผึธื ืืึนืฆึตื ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึฐืึนื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืึดื ืึธืืึนื ืึทืชึผึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืื ืึธืืึนื ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึฐืึดืึฐืึถื ืึถืช ืึนื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื. ืึฐืึธืื ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื:",
|
61 |
+
"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึตืื ืึทืึผึดืืึดืื ืึผึธืึผ ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึถืึผึธื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถื ืืึผืึตื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื. ืึนื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ื ึดืึฐืึตืืช ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืฉึผืึทืขึทืึฐื ึตื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตืจึธื ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตืืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืึทื ืึดืึผืึผื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืขืึนืึตืจ ืขึทื ืึนื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืขึตืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ืฉืึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื. ืฉืึถืืึนืึทืช ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผืจึฐืึดืืชึถื ืึนืชืึนืด, ืึผึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืจึฐืึดืึผึธื. ืึฐืกืึผืึธื ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช, ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืจืึนืึถื ืึฒืึตืจึดืื ืจืึนืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน:",
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62 |
+
"ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึธืึธืึธื ืึดืึฐืึผืฉื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืื ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึฐืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืึทื ึผึธืึผ ืึผืึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ. ืึผืึตืึตืืึธืชึทื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ. ืึดืฉึผืึถืึผึทืึผึดืืจ ืึผึตืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึตืืฆึทื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึธืึถืืึธ. ืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึตืื ืึผ ืึถืึถืึฐ ืึธืขืึนืึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืงึดืึผึฐืฉืึธื ืึผ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึนืชึธืื ืึฐืฆึดืึผึธื ืึผ ืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ. ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึดืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืกึผืึนืฃ ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ:",
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63 |
+
"ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึดืึผึธื ึตืก ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ. ื ึดืคึฐืกึฐืงืึผ ืืึน ืืึผืึตื ืึธืึธื ืืึน ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืืึนืจึฐืงืึน ืึผึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึฐืืึผืคึธืึผ ืงึฐืึปืฉึผืึธื. ืึฐืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืึฐืึผึนืจ ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึฐืฆึปืึผึถืฆึถืช ืึฐืืึนื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืชึผึดืืจ ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืชึถืืึธ. ืึนื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึฐืืึผืคึธืึผ ืงึฐืึปืฉึผืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึถื ืขึดืึผืึน ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึดืืึทืึผึถื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึทืึทืจึฐืึผึถื ึผืึผ. ื ึธืฉืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผืงึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืึผืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืกืึนืคึฐืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืงึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึตืขึท ืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืืึน ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึนืช. ืึฐื ึธืฉืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืฉืึถืจึธืฆืึผ ืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึฐืคึดืื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื. ืึฐืึตื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืึทื ึผึธืฉืึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจืึนืช ืึตืึถื ืึดื ืจึธืฆืึผ ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืึตืื ืึฐืึทืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื. ืึปืึฐืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ึฐืึผึฐืจืึนืึดืื ืึผืก ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึดืกึผึธืคึตืง ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึตืื ืึฐืึธืจึฐืึดืื ืึถืึผึธื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื:",
|
64 |
+
"ืึตืืึทืึฐ ืึดืึผืึผื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึผึธื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน ืึดื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืึธืจ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึทืึผึดืื ืึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึธื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึนื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฒืจึตื ืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื. ืึฒืึธื ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืึธืจึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึธื ืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืงึปืคึผึธืึดืื ืึผืึปื ึผึธืึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ืืึนืึทืช ืึทืึผึทืึผึดืืช ืึถืึผึธื ืืึนืึทืช ืึธืึดืืฉื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืืึน ืึทืึผึดืืช:",
|
65 |
+
"ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐื ืึนืช ืืึน ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึผืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึตืื ืจึธืืึผื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึธืกึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึดืคึฐืึนืจ ืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึดืึผึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน. ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืขึธืืึผืฃ ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืึทืึฐืึปืึผึถืึถืช ืึผึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน. ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืึทืชึผึฐืคึดืึผึธื ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึดืึผึธืึตืจ ืึผึฐืืึนืชึตืจ. ืึผึฐื ึทืื ืึผึธืืึนื ืืึผื ืึฐืชึทืึฐืึดืืึตื ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืคึผึทืึผึฐืืึผ ืึฐืึตื ืึตืื ึธื ืขึฒืืึผืคึดืื:",
|
66 |
+
"ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธืึดืืจ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึทืึผึธืชืึผื ืฉืึฐืงึธืึธืึผ ืึฐืชึธืึธื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึผึปืึผึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผืจึฐืึดืืชึถื ืึนืชืึน ืึผืึฐืึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืึถืช ืึผึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึฐืึธืณโืด:<br>ืกึธืึดืืง ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช"
|
67 |
+
]
|
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+
],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
70 |
+
"Chapter",
|
71 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/Hebrew/Wikisource Mishneh Torah.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,72 @@
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+
{
|
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+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Fringes",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A9%D7%A0%D7%94_%D7%AA%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%9C%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%91%22%D7%9D",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Wikisource Mishneh Torah",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"license": "CC-BY-SA",
|
8 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื (ืืืงืืืงืกื)",
|
9 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
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+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
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+
"isBaseText": true,
|
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+
"isSource": true,
|
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+
"isPrimary": true,
|
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+
"direction": "rtl",
|
15 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช",
|
16 |
+
"categories": [
|
17 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
18 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
19 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
20 |
+
],
|
21 |
+
"text": [
|
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+
[
|
23 |
+
"ืขื ืฃ ืฉืขืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืฃ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืงืจื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืงืื ื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืจืืฉื ืืื ืืขื ืฃ ืืื ืื ืงืจื ืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืื ื ืืฆืืืื ืืฆืืืขื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืฃ ืื ืื ืื ืืชืืจื.",
|
24 |
+
"ืืืืงืืื ืืื ืฆืืจ ืฉื ืฆืืข ืืขืื ืืจืงืืข ืืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืขื ืฃ ืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืงืจื ืชืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืืืืช ืฉืืืจื ืืื ืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืื ืืชืืจื.",
|
25 |
+
"ื ืืฆืื ืืืฆืื ืื ืฉื ื ืฆืืืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืขื ืืื ืฃ ืขื ืฃ ืืืฆื ืืื ื ืืฉืืืจืื ืขื ืืขื ืฃ ืืื ืชืืืช ืฉื ืืืจ ืืขืฉื ืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืชื ื ืขื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืฃ ืคืชืื ืชืืืช.",
|
26 |
+
"ืืืชืืืช ืืื ื ืืขืื ืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืขืื ืืช ืืชืืืช ืืืฆื ืืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืชืืืช ืขืืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืชืืืช ืื ืคืกืง ืืืื ืื ืชืืขื ืขื ืืื ืฃ ืื ืฉืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืืื ืืฉืจ.",
|
27 |
+
"ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืื ื ืฉืชื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืื ืฉืฉื ืืื ืืฆืื ืืืช ืืืจืืข ืฆืืฆืืืช ืืขืืืืช ืื ืืช ืื ืฉืืจืืขืชื ืืฆืื ืืืช ืืืืืืฉ ืืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืื ืื ืชืืืช ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืงืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืืช.",
|
28 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืขืืฉืื ืืช ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืกืืฃ ืืืจืื ืืืจืืืง ืืื ื ืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืฉืืฉ ืืฆืืขืืช ืืืขืื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืงืฉืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืก ืฉื ืืจืืขื ืืืืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืฆืข ื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืฉืื ืชืืืืื ืื ืืงืจื ืืืืจื ืืืืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืืจืืข ืืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืชืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืฆืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืื ืืื ืชืืืช ืืืฉืืขื ืืื ืื.",
|
29 |
+
"ืืืืงื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืื ืืจืืื ืืืช ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืืฆื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืงื ืืื ืืชืืืช ืืืืจื ืื ืฉืชื ืืจืืืืช ืืฆื ืืจืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืงืืฉืจ ืืืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืจืืืืช ืื ืื ืงืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืจืืืง ืืขื ืืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืจืืืง ืืขื ืืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืื ืฉืชื ืืจืืืืช ืฉื ืชืืืช ืืืจืืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉื ืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืชืืื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืื ืฉืืขืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืกืืื ืืื ืฃ ืืื ื ืืขื ืืจื ืื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืืืจืืข ืืื ืคืืช.",
|
30 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืื ืฃ ืื ืคืืืช ืืฉืืข ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืฉืืฉ ืขืฉืจื ืืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืจื ืขืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืื ืืจื ืืชืืืช ืขื ืจืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืฉืจื ืื ืื ืืชืืืช ืฉืืืื ืื ืืืืืืืช ืืฉืืืฉ ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืืฉืืื ืืฉื ื ืฉืืืฉืืื ืขื ืฃ ืืฆืจืื ืืคืจืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืขืจ ืืจืืฉ.",
|
31 |
+
"ืืขืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืชืืืช ืืืงื ืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืฉื ืืื ืื ืฉื ื ืฉืืืฉืืชื ืขื ืฃ ืืืจืืื ืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืขืื ืฉืืืจื ืืชืืืช ืืจืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืจืฆื ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืืืช ืขืืฉื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืชืืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืื ืฉืืืฉ ืืืขื ืฃ ืฉื ื ืฉืืืฉืื ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืงืืง ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืขื ืจืื ืืืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจื.",
|
32 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืชืืืช ืื ืจืฆื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉืืืจืื ืขืืฉื ืืคื' ืืื ืืืื ืืคืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืขื ืฉื ืขืฉื ืคืชืื ืืื ืืื ื ื ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืื.",
|
33 |
+
"ืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืืืช ืฆืจืืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืื ืื ืืฆืืจ ืื ืืื ืืงืืฆืื ืืฉืืฆืื ืจืืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืชืืฉืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืจื ืฉืชื ืฉืืืืจื ืืฉืืืจ ืืกืืฃ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืื ืื ืืคืฉืชื ืืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืฆืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืขืืจ ืื ืืืช ืืื ืืฉื ืงืืฉืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืคืกืื ืืืฉืชืืื ืืืืื ืฆืืจื ืคืกืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืฉืชืืื ืืคืฉืชื ืื ืืืข ืืจื ืื ืืฉืจ ืฉืืจื ื ืฉืชื ื.",
|
34 |
+
"ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืขืฉื ืืืชื ืืืชื ืคืกืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืขืฉื ืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืจื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉื ืขืฉื ืื ืืขืฉืื ืืงืืื ืคืกืื.",
|
35 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืืื ืื ืฃ ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืชืคืจื ืขื ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉ ืืืืชื ืืื ืฃ ืืื ืขื ืืื ืคืกืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืขืฉื ืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืื ืืขืฉืื ืฉืืจื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืขืฉืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืชืืจ ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืชืืืชื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืืืช.",
|
36 |
+
"ืชืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืชื ืื ืคืื ืืื ืืื ืืงืฉืจ ืื ืฃ ืื ืืืืืชื ืืื ืฃ ืื ืืืืืชื ืืื\"ื ืืชืื ืืืืฆืข ืื ืคืจืื ืื ืืื ืคืกืื ืฉืืจื ืืขืช ืฉืงืฉืจื ืืื ืคืกืืืื ืืคื ืฉืฉืชื ืืื ืคืื ืืขืืจืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืฉืขื ืฉืคืกืงื ื ืขืฉื ืฉืชื ืฆืืฆืืืช ื ืืฆื ืขืืฉื ืื ืืขืฉืื.",
|
37 |
+
"ืืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืขื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืื ื ืชืืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืจืืฉืื ืืช ืืชืืจ ืืจืืฉืื ื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืฉืจื ืืื ื ืชืืืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืชื ืืืช ืืฉืชืืื ืืจื ืื ืคืกืืื ืฉืืจื ืืฉืืืกืืฃ ืคืกื ืืช ืืื ืืืฉืืชืืจ ืื ืืชื ืืชืืกืคืช ื ืืฆื ืืฉืืจ ื ืขืฉื ืื ืืขืฉืื ืฉืขืฉืืืชื ืืจืืฉืื ื ืคืกืืื ืืืชื.",
|
38 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืื ืืืขืืช ืฉืืฉ ืืืืจ ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืจืืข ืืืืื ืืจืืืขืืช ืืืื ืคืกืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืชืขืฉื ืืื ืื ืืขืฉืื.",
|
39 |
+
"ืืื ืืืคืืื ืืช ืืืืืช ืืฉื ืื ืืืืืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืขื ื' ืื ืคืื ืืฉืืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืชืคืจื ืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืจืื ืืืช.",
|
40 |
+
"ื ืคืกืง ืืื ืฃ ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืฅ ืืฉืืฉ ืืฆืืขืืช ืชืืคืจื ืืืงืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืชืคืืจ ื ืชืืขืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืื ืกืืฃ ืืืจืื ืืคืืื ืื ื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืื ื ืชืืขืื ืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืคืืื ืื ื ืฉืชืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ื ืคืกืง ืืืื ืืขืืงืจื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืื ืคืกืืื."
|
41 |
+
],
|
42 |
+
[
|
43 |
+
"ืชืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืงืื ืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืฆืืืข ืืคืชืื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืจืงืืข ืื ืจืืืช ืืขืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืืจื ืฉื ืจืงืืข ืืืชืืืช ืืืืืจื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฆืจืื ืฉืชืืื ืฆืืืขืชื ืฆืืืขื ืืืืขื ืฉืขืืืืช ืืืืคืื ืืื ืชืฉืชื ื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืฆืืข ืืืืชื ืฆืืืขื ืคืกืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ืืขืื ืืจืงืืข ืืืื ืฉืฆืืขื ืืืกืืืก ืื ืืฉืืืจ ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืฉืืืจืื ืืจื ืื ืคืกืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืจืื ืืช ืขื ืฆืืจื ืคืกืื ืืฆืืฆืืช.",
|
44 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืฆืืืขืื ืชืืืช ืฉื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืงืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืฉืืจืื ืืืชื ืืกืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืกืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืงื ืืืจืชืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืฆืืขืื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืช ืืขืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืื ืขืื ื ืืขืื ืืชืืืช ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืื ืื ืืชื ืื ืืช ืืื ืืืืจื ืื ืืชื ืื ืขืื ืกืืื ืื ืืื ืืงืืื ืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืฆืืขืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืจืชืืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืฆืืจ ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืขืื ืจืงืืข ืืื ืืื ืืชืืืช ืฉื ืฆืืฆืืช.",
|
45 |
+
"ืืชืืืช ืฉื ืฆืืฆืืช ืฆืจืืื ืฆืืืขื ืืฉืื ืืื ืฆืืขื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืคืกืืื ืืืืืจื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืฆืืข ืื ืฆืืข ืื ืืขื ืฆืืจ ืืืืงื ืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ื ืคืกืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฆื ืืขืฉื ืืืงื ืืฆืืข ืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืงืื ืืื ืื ืื ืฆืืจ ืฉืืืืง ืื ืืฉืืจืฃ ืืช ืฉืืืง ืฉืืจื ื ืฆืืข ืืืืืงื ืืฉืืคื ืืฆืืข ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืง ืื ืฉืืจื ืืขืื ืืคืกืื ืืฆืืืข ืืชืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืืฆืืข ืฉืื ื ืคืื.",
|
46 |
+
"ืืชืืืช ืืื ื ื ืืงืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืฉืื ืฉืื ื ืฆืืขื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉื ืืงืื ืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืืืื ืื ื ืืืงื ืื ืืืขื ืฉื ืฆืืขื ืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืฆืืขืื ืื ืืืฉืืืจืื ืฉืืื ื ืขืืืืื ืคืกืืื.",
|
47 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืืืงืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืื ื ืฆืืขื ืืืืืชื ืื ืืื ืืืงืืื ืชืื ืืจืืจ ืฉื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืจืืืื ืฉื ืชืืืฆื ืืจืืขืื ืืื ืืฉืืจืื ืืชืืืช ืืืืื ืืขืช ืืขืช ืื ืขืืื ืืขืื ื ืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืื ืืฆืง ืฉื ืฉืขืืจืื ืฉืืขืคืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืืจืืืก ืื ืืชื ืื ืืช ืื ืืชืืืช ืฉื ืฉืชื ืืช ืืชืืื ืืืืคื ืืืฆืง ืืชื ืืจ ืืืืฆืืืื ืืชืืืช ืื ืืคืช ืืจืืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืชื ืืื ืฉืืืชื ืคืกืืื ืืื ืืืกืืฃ ืขืื ื ืืืืฉืืจื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืฉืืืชื ืงืืื ืืืคืืื ืืฉืจื.",
|
48 |
+
"ืืฆืจ ืฉืืืืจืื ืื ืชืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืฉืจืืช ืืืงืืื ืืื ื ืกืชื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืงื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืืงืชื ืขื ืฉืชืืฉื ืืืคืงืื ืชืืืช ืืฆื ืืืืชื ืืจื ืื ืคืกืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืคื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืื ืืชืื ืืฉื ื ืืืชืืืช ืืืชื ืืชืื ืืืชื ืืฉืจื ืืืืชื ืืื ืคืกืืื.",
|
49 |
+
"ืืืืฆื ืชืืืช ืืฉืืง ืืคืืื ืืฆื ืืืืื ืคืกืืงืื ืคืกืืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืฉืจื ืืืืงื ืืืืช ืืฆืืืืฆืช ืื ืืฉืืง ืืืฉืจืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืงืชื ืื ืืืืชื ืืชืืจ ืืฉืจื ืื ืืืืืื ืคืกืืื.",
|
50 |
+
"ืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืจืืงื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืฆืืขืื ืื ืขืืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืขืื ืฆืืขื ืื ืืจืืงื ืืจืืงืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืชืืืช ืขืืฉื ืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืจ ืฆืืขืื ืื ืืืฅ ืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืจืื ืืชืืืช ืืืืจื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืืืช ืืืจื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืฉืืจ ืฆืืฆืืืช ืฉืืื ื ืฆืืืขืื.",
|
51 |
+
"ืงืฉื ืขืื ืฉ ืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืขืื ืฉ ืฉืื ืื ืื ืชืืืช ืืคื ืฉืืืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืชืืืช ืืื ื ืืฆืืื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืคื ื ืืฆืืข ืฉืืืจื ื."
|
52 |
+
],
|
53 |
+
[
|
54 |
+
"ืืกืืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืกืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืจืืข ืื ืคืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืืจืืข ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืฉืืชืืกื ืื ืจืืฉื ืืจืืื ืฉื ืงืื ืืืชืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืง ืืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืจ ืืฉืืืจื ืืืืื ืขืื ืืชืืื ืืืกืืช ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืื ืฉื ืคืฉืชื ืืืื.",
|
55 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืฆืืจ ืืคื ืืืืื ืฆืืจ ืืืืื ืืฆืืจ ืืจื ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืฉื ืขืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืจืืืขืช ืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืืจืืข ืืืืื ืฉืืขืืจื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืฉืืืจื ื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืชืืจื ืกืชื ืืื ื ืืื ืฆืืจ ืืคืฉืชืื ืืืื.",
|
56 |
+
"ืขื ืืจืืข ืื ืคืืช ืืกืืชื ืืขืืช ืืจืืข ืืื ืืขืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืื ืืขืืช ืืจืืข ืืื ืืขืืช ืืืฉ ืชืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืชืืกื ืื ืืคืืื ืืขืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืขืืช ืืืฉ ืืคืืืจ ืืขืืช ืฉืืฉ ืืฉืชืืื ืืื ื ืืขืื ืืจืืข ืื ืคืืช ืืคื ื ืฉืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืจืืข ืืคืืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืฉื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืขืืช ืืืฉ ืื ืฉืฉ ืืื ื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืืืจืืข ืื ืคืื ืืืจืืืงืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉืฉ ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืขื ืืจืืข ืื ืคืืช ืืกืืชื.",
|
57 |
+
"ืืกืืช ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืคืื ืฉื ืขืืจ ืืืืืช ืืื ืฉื ืขืืจ ืืื ืคืื ืฉื ืืื ืคืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืขืืงืจ ืืืกืืช ืืกืืช ืฉื ืฉื ื ืฉืืชืคืื ืืืืืช ืฉื ืืืจ ืขื ืื ืคื ืืืืืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืกืืชื ืืื ืืืขื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืคืืืจื ืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช.",
|
58 |
+
"ืืกืืช ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฆืืจ ืืืกืืช ืฉื ืคืฉืชื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืคืฉืชื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืกืืช ืืฉื ืืืืื ื ืืฆื ืืืกืืช ื ืืฆื ืืื ืจืฆื ืืขืฉืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฆืืจ ืื ืืคืฉืชืื ืขืืฉื ืืคื ื ืฉืืฆืืจ ืืืคืฉืชื ืคืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืฉืืจ ืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืคืืืจืื ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืคืืืจืื.",
|
59 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืื ืฆืืจ ืืืกืืช ืฉื ืคืฉืชื ืื ืืืื ืคืฉืชื ืืืกืืช ืฉื ืฆืืจ ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืชืจ ืฉืืฉืขืื ื ืืืชืจ ืืขื ืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืจื ืืชืืืช ืฆืืจ ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืคืฉืชื ืืืคื ื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืคืฉืจ ืืขืฉืืช ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืงืื ืฉืืชื ืืืฆื ืขืฉื ืืื ืชืขืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืชื ืืงืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืชืขืฉื ืืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืงืืื ืืช ืฉืชืืื.",
|
60 |
+
"ืืกืืช ืฉื ืคืฉืชื ืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืืืช ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืคืฉืชื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืฆืืฆืืช ื ืืืืช ืืคื ื ืืฉืขืื ื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืกื ืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืืฆื ืขืืืจ ืขื ืื ืชืขืฉื ืืขืช ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืฉืืืืช ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืจืืืชื ืืืชื ืืฉืขืช ืจืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืืืจืื ืจืืืื ืืืชื.",
|
61 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืืืฉ ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืืืืืชื ืืืจื ืขื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืืืืจ ืืื ืชืืืช ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืืฆื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืขื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืฉืขืช ืขืฉืืืชื ืืคื ื ืฉืกืืฃ ืืืฆืื ืืื ืฉืืชืขืืฃ ืื.",
|
62 |
+
"ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืก ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืช ืืืกื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืฅ ื ืคืกืงื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืชืืืช ืืืจืงื ืืืฉืคื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืืื ืืืืคื ืงืืืฉื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืืช ืืฆืืืืฆืช ืืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืชืืจ ืฆืืฆืืืชืื ืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืฉ ืืืืคื ืงืืืฉื ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืขืืฃ ืื ืืืชืืื ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจืื ื ื ืฉืื ืืขืืืื ืืงืื ืื ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืืืจื ืกืืคืจืื ืฉืื ืงืื ืฉืืืืข ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืขืืื' ืฉืจืฆื ืืืชืขืืฃ ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืชืขืืคืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืฉืื ืฉืื ืคืืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืชื ืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืก ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืกืคืง ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืืจืื.",
|
63 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืช ืืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืฆืื ืื ืื ืืชืืกื ืืืกืืช ืืจืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืื ืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืื\"ื ืืชืืกื ืื ืืื ื ืชืืกื ืื ืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืจื ืืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืืืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืกื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืงืืคืืื ืืืื ืืื ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืืืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืืช.",
|
64 |
+
"ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืงื ืืช ืื ืืืืช ืืืืชืขืืฃ ืื ืืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืืกืื ืฉืืคืืืจ ืขืฆืื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืืืช ืขืืืฃ ืืืกืืช ืืืืืืืืช ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืืฆืื ืื ืืืฉืขืช ืืชืคืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืชืจ ืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืชืคืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืขืืืคืื.",
|
65 |
+
"ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืฆืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืฉืืจื ืืืชืื ืฉืงืื ืืชืื ืื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืจืืืชื ืืืชื ืืืืจืชื ืืช ืื ืืฆืืช ืื':ืกืืืง ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช."
|
66 |
+
]
|
67 |
+
],
|
68 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
69 |
+
"Chapter",
|
70 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
71 |
+
]
|
72 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Fringes/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
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+
{
|
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+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Fringes",
|
3 |
+
"language": "he",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Fringes",
|
6 |
+
"text": [
|
7 |
+
[
|
8 |
+
"ืขึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึถืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืขึทื ืึผึฐื ึทืฃ ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืึดืึผึดืื ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืืึผื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผืึนืึถื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืจึนืืฉื. ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืงืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึทืึผึดืงึผึธืึตื ึดื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืช ืจึธืืฉืึดืืด. ืึฐืึถื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืืึผื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึธืึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธื ืึผ ืึฐืฆึปืึผึดืื ืึฐืฆึธืึฐืขืึน. ืึฐืึตืื ืึฐืืึผืึตื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืึดื ึฐืึธื ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื:",
|
9 |
+
"ืึฐืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืืึผื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฆึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืึธืจึธืงึดืืขึท ืึฐืืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืึฐืืึผื ืึถื ืืึผื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึฐืึตืื ืึฐืึดื ึฐืึทื ืึทืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืฉืึถืึผืึนืจึตืึฐ ืืึผื ืึถื ืฉืึดืขืึผืจ ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื:",
|
10 |
+
"ื ึดืึฐืฆึฐืืึผ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฆึทืึผึดืื. ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืขึธื ึธืฃ ืืึนืฆึตื ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื. ืึฐืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืจึนืึฐ ืขึทื ืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืืึผื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืขึธืฉืืึผ ืึธืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืชืด <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐื ึธืชึฐื ืึผ ืขึทื ืฆึดืืฆึดืช ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืคึผึฐืชึดืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืชืด:",
|
11 |
+
"ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืขึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืขึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึผึตืืฆึทื. ืึฒืจึตื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืืึน ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึน. ืึฐืึตื ืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืึธืึธื ืึผืชึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐื ึดืคึฐืกึทืง ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึฐื ึดืชึฐืึทืขึตื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืจ ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ:",
|
12 |
+
"ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึถืึธื ืึตืึถื ืึฐืขึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึฒืึตืจืึน ืึตืื ึธื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึทืึทืช. ืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึดืื <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึธืึถื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืชืด ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช. ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืช ืึฐืขึทืึผึฐืืึนืช ืืึน ืึถืช ืืึน ืฉืึถืึทืจึฐืึผึทืขึฐืชึผึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช. ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืึตืฉื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึธืึธื ืืึน ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืืึน ืฉืึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืงึดืึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึทืึทืช:",
|
13 |
+
"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึดืึผึธืึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถืึดืื ืกืึนืฃ ืึธืึธืจืึผื ืึผืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื ืึนื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช ืึฐืึทืขึฐืึธื ืึฐืึนื ืคึผึธืืึนืช ืึดืงึผึถืฉืึถืจ ืึผืึผืึธื ืึผืึทืึฐื ึดืืก ืฉืึธื ืึทืจึฐืึผึธืขึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืคึฐืึธื ืึผึธืึถืึฐืฆึทืข. ื ึดืึฐืฆึฐืืึผ ืฉืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืฉืึปืึผึธืฉืึดืื ืชึผึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึดื ืึทืงึผึถืจึถื. ืึฐืึนืจึถืึฐ ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึทืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึตืื ืคึผึธืืึนืช ืึตืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึผึตื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึทืึผึธื ืืึน ืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึดืื. ืึฐืึธื ืึธืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช ืึผึฐืืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึดืึฐืึถื ืึถืึธื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืืึผื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึดืึฐืขึธื ืึฐืึธื ึดืื:",
|
14 |
+
"ืึฐืืึนืงึตืึท ืืึผื ืึถืึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผืึน ืึผึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืขึทื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืึผืึทื ึผึดืืืึน. ืึฐืืึนืงึตืึท ืืึผื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผืึน ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึผึฐืจึดืืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืงืึนืฉืึตืจ. ืึฐืึตืึผืึผ ืึทืฉึผืึธืึนืฉื ืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืึตื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึธืึดืื ืึปืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึฐืขึทื ืึฐืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึผึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึทืึผืึน. ืึผืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึฐืขึทื ืึฐืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึดืืช ืึฐืึตื ืขึทื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืึฒืจืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผึธืึผ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึผึฐืจึดืืืึนืช ืฉืึถื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึผืึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึทืึฒืจืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื ืึฐืกึทืึผึตื ืึผืึน ืฉืึถ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึผึทืขึฒืึดืื ืึผึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื ืึฐืึนื ืืึนืจึดืืึดืื. ืึฐืึธืึผึธื ืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืกึธืืึผืึฐ ืึดืึฐื ึทืฃ ืึดืื ึธืึผ. ืึฐืขึทื ืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืึถื ืืึผื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผึฐื ึธืคืึนืช:",
|
15 |
+
"ืึผึทืึผึธื ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืืึผื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึผึธื ึธืฃ. ืึนื ืคึผึธืืึนืช ืึดืฉึผืึถืึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึนืฉื ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื. ืึฐืืึน ืึดืื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึปืึฐืึธืจ. ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืึถืึผึธื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืขึทื ืจึนื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐื ืึนื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืืึผ ืึผึธื ืึทืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึดืืฉื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึทืึฐืฉืึปืึฐืฉืึธืึดืื ืึผืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึตืืึถื ืขึธื ึธืฃ. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืคึธืจึฐืืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึฐืขึทืจ ืึธืจึนืืฉื:",
|
16 |
+
"ืึธืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึผึฐืึนื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืืึนืงึตืึท ืึถืึธื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืขึทื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึธื ืึผืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึดืืชึธื ืขึธื ึธืฃ. ืึผืึฐืจึดืืึธื ืืึน ืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึดืึฐืจึนืึฐ ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืจึตืึฐ ืึผึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึธืจึฐืฉืืึผืช ืึผึฐืึธืืึน ืึฐืึถื ืืึผื ืึดื ึฐืึธืึตื ืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึดืึฐืจึนืึฐ ืึผึฐืึนื ืึดื ึฐืึทื ืึปืึฐืืึนืช ืขืึนืฉืึถื. ืึผึฐืึธืืึน ืฉืึถื ืึผึธืึธืจ ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืึทืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉื ืึฐืึถืขึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึฐืึดืืฉืึดืื. ืึฐืึตืฉื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึฐืึธืึธืจ ืึถื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืขึทื ืจึนื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืืึน ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึธืจึทืึฐ ืึถืึผึธื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื:",
|
17 |
+
"ืึถืึธื ืืึผืึตื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึถืึธื ืืึผืึตื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืฉืึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึถื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืึทืืึผื ืึผึธืคืึผื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืืึนื ึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืฉืึธืืึผืจ ืขึทื ืฉืึถื ึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืคึผึฐืชึดืื ืึถืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ื ึถืึฐืฉืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืืึผื ืึถืึธื:",
|
18 |
+
"ืืึผืึตื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึตืื ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฆึฐืจึดืืึดืื ืึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืฉืึตื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฐืึตืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืืึนืชึธื ืึนื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึทื ึผึถืึฑืึธื ืึผึทืงึผืึนืฆึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึนืื ืจืึนืึฐืฆึดืื ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื. ืึฐืึนื ืึดื ืึทื ึผึดืืึดืื ืึทื ึผึดืชึฐืึธืฉืึดืื ืึดื ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึธื. ืึฐืึนื ืึดืฉึผืึดืึผืึผืจึตื ืฉืึฐืชึดื ืฉืึถืึธืืึนืจึตื ืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึผึฐืกืึนืฃ ืึทืึผึถืึถื. ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืึดื ืึทืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื. ืึฐืึตืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืืึนืชึธื ืึดืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึทืึผึธืืึผื ืึฐืึนื ืึดืฉึผืึถื ืขึดืืจ ืึทื ึผึดืึผึทืึทืช ืึฐืึนื ืึดืฉึผืึถื ืงึธืึธืฉืึดืื. ืึฐืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผื. ืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึฒืึถื ืึดืึฐืึตืึธื ืฆึทืึฐืจึธืึผ ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฒืึธื ืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึฒืึถื ืึฐืคึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึทื ึผึธืืึผืขึท ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึธื:",
|
19 |
+
"ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถืขึธืฉืึธื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผืึผืชึดื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผึทืึผึตืจ ืึถื ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตืืด <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืขึธืฉืืึผ ืึธืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืชืด. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึทืึผึธื ึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถื ึผึทืขึฒืฉืึธื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื ืึดืงึผึนืึถื ืคึผึธืกืึผื:",
|
20 |
+
"ืึผึตืืฆึทื. ืึตืึดืื ืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผืชึฐืคึธืจึธืึผ ืขึทื ืึทืึผึถืึถื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึตืฉื ืึผึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืึทืึผึธื ืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืขึธืฉืืึผ ืึธืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืชืด, ืึนื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื, ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึผืึนืึถื ืึฐืึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึทืขึฒืฉืึตืืช ืึตืึตืึถืืึธ. ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึทืชึผึดืืจ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดืึผึถืึถื ืึถื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืึถืึถื ืึทืึตืจ ืึผึตืื ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช:",
|
21 |
+
"ืชึผึธืึธื ืึทืืึผืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืึดืึผืึน ืึฐืืึน ืึฐืงึธืฉืึทืจ ืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืืึน ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึธื ึธืฃ ืืึน ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึฒืชึธืึธื ืึผึธืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึฐื ึดืคึฐืจึฐืืึผ ืึถื ืึดืึผึถื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึผึฐืขึตืช ืฉืึถืงึผึฐืฉืึธืจึธื ืึธืืึผ ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึดืื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฐืชึผึตื ืึทืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืึฐืขึนืจืึนืช ืืึน ืึผึธืืึน ืึผึทืืึผืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื ืึผืึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืคึผึฐืกึธืงึธื ื ึทืขึฒืฉืืึผ ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืช ื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื:",
|
22 |
+
"ืึดืึผึดืื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืึนืช ืึทืชึผึดืืจ ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืืึน ืืึนืชึฐืึธืึผ ืึผืึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืึฐืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึธืชึทืึฐ ืึทืึทืช ืึดืฉึผืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึน ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืคึผึธืกึทื ืึถืช ืึทืึผื ืึผืึฐืฉืึถืึดืชึผึดืืจ ืืึน ืึธืชึทืึฐ ืึทืชึผืึนืกึถืคึถืช ื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ื ึทืขึฒืฉืึธื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื ืฉืึถืขึฒืฉืึดืึผึธืชืึน ืึธืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื ืึธืึฐืชึธื:",
|
23 |
+
"ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึทืึผึดืื ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืฉืึฐืึดืืึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึดืึผึดืื ืึธืจึฐืึดืืขึดืืช ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถืืด ืึฐืึนื ืึดื ืึถืขึธืฉืืึผื:",
|
24 |
+
"ืึตืื ืึผืึนืคึฐืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึทืึผึดืืช ืึดืฉืึฐื ึทืึดื ืึผืึทืึผึดืืึดืื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึธืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคึถืืึธ ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึดืื ืึผึฐืคืึผืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึผึตื ืชึผึฐืคึธืจึธืึผ ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึตืจืึผืึท ืึทืึทืช:",
|
25 |
+
"ื ึดืคึฐืกึทืง ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืืึผืฅ ืึฐืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึถืฆึฐืึผึธืขืึนืช ืชึผืึนืคึฐืจึธืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืึธืึผ. ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึนื ืึดืชึฐืคึผึนืจ. ื ึดืชึฐืึทืขึฒืึธื ืึธืึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึตืื ืืึผืึตื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผืึตืื ืกืึนืฃ ืึธืึธืจืึผื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึทืจ ืึดื ืึธืึธืจืึผื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ. ืึฐืึตื ืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึทืขึฒืืึผ ืืึผืึตื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืจ ืึตืึถื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืขึฒื ึดืืึธื ืึผึธืฉืึตืจ. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืคึฐืกึทืง ืึทืืึผื ืึตืขึดืงึผึธืจืึน ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืืึผื ืึถืึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:"
|
26 |
+
],
|
27 |
+
[
|
28 |
+
"ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึธืึฒืืึผืจึธื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืึดืื ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึทืฆึผึธืืึผืขึท ืึผึฐืคึธืชืึผืึฐ ืฉืึถืึผึทืึผึธืื. ืึฐืืึน ืึดืื ืึผึฐืืึผืช ืึธืจึธืงึดืืขึท ืึทื ึผึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึฐืขึตืื ืึทืฉึผืึถืึถืฉื ืึผึฐืึธืึณืจืึน ืฉืึถื ืจึธืงึดืืขึท. ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึธืึฒืืึผืจึธื ืึผึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธืชึธืึผ ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธื ืึฐืืึผืขึธื ืฉืึถืขืึนืึถืึถืช ืึผึฐืึธืคึฐืึธืึผ ืึฐืึนื ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึถื. ืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐืืึนืชึธืึผ ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืึธืจึธืงึดืืขึท. ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืฆึผึฐืึธืขืึน ืึผึฐืึดืกึฐืึดืืก ืืึน ืึผึฐืฉืึธืืึนืจ ืืึน ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืึผึทืฉืึฐืึดืืจึดืื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืจึธืึตื ืึผึทืช ืขึตื ืฆึทืึฐืจึธืึผ ืคึผึธืกืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช:",
|
29 |
+
"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืฆืึนืึฐืขึดืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึฐืฉืืึนืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผึฐืกึดืื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืกึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ื ึธืงึดื ืึผืึทืจึฐืชึผึดืืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผึฐืึธืึฒืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผืึน ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืึฐ ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึทืึผึธืขึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืึนื ืึถืช ืึธืขึทืึดื. ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึผึทื ืึดืึผึธืืึนื ืึฐืืึผื ืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึถื ืขึตืื ืึน ืึฐืขึตืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึธืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนืจ ืึผึดืึฐืืึน. ืึผืึฐืึธื ืึทืึผึถืึทื ืืึผื ืึธืฆืึผื. ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืืึนืจึธื ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืขึดืึผืึน ืกึทืึฐืึธื ึดืื ืึผึฐืืึน ืึทืงึผึธืืึนื ึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืึฐ ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึทืึผึธืขึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผืึทืจึฐืชึผึดืืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืึผืึน ืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึตืขึธืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืจึธืงึดืืข๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ. ืึฐืืึน ืึดืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช:",
|
30 |
+
"ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฆึฐืจึดืืึธื ืฆึฐืึดืืขึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืฆึฐืึธืขึธืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืฉืึฐืึธืึผ ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืจึธื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืึดื ืฆึธืึทืข ืึผึธืึผ ืึฐืขึทื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืงืึน ืึดื ืืึผื ืึธืคึถื ืึดื ืึธืื ื ึดืคึฐืกึฐืึธื ืึทืึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ. ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืึทืขึฒืฉืึถื. ืืึนืงึตืึท ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืึดื ืึทืึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึดื ืงึธืึธื ืึผืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืึผืึน ืฆึถืึถืจ ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึตืง ืึผืึน ืึฐืฉืืึนืจึตืฃ ืึถืช ืฉืึถืึผึธืึทืง ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึทืข ืึดืึฐืึดืืงึธื. ืึฐืฉืืึนืคึตืึฐ ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืฉืึถืึผึทืึผึฐืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึทืง ืึผืึน ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึทืขึฒืืึน ืึผืคึฐืกึธืืึน. ืึฐืฆืึนืึตืขึท ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืฉืึถืึผึนื ื ึดืคึฐืึผึธื:",
|
31 |
+
"ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืื ึธืึผ ื ึดืึฐืงึทืึทืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึปืึฐืึถื, ืืึนืฉืึฐืฉืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึฐืขึธื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืฉืึฐืึธืึผ. ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืึฐืงึฐืึธื ืึดื ืึทืึผึปืึฐืึถื ืึดื ื ึดืึฐืึผึฐืงึธื ืึฐื ืึนืึฐืขึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฆึฐืึผึฐืขึธื ืึผึฐืึถืึธื ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืึฐืขืึนื ึดืื ืึทืึผึทืฉืึฐืึดืืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:",
|
32 |
+
"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืึผืึนืึฐืงึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึตืขึท ืึดื ื ึดืฆึฐืึผึฐืขึธื ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึดื ืึธืื. ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืชึผึถืึถื ืึฐืจึดืืจ ืฉืึถื ืฉืึทืึผึฐืืึผื ืึผืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืชึฐืึทืึผึฐืฆืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึผึธืขึดืื ืืึนื ืึฐืฉืืึนืจึดืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึตืขึตืช ืึฐืขึตืช. ืึดื ืขึธืึฐืึธื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืึนื ืึผึธืึฒืชึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึผึธืึฒืชึธื ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืึผึธืฆึตืง ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืขืึนืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืขึทืคึผึฐืฉืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึฐืืึผืจึฐืึธืืก ืึฐื ืึนืชึฐื ึดืื ืึถืช ืืึน ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถื ึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทื ึผึตืืช ืึผึฐืชืึนืืึน ืึฐืืึนืคึถื ืึทืึผึธืฆึตืง ืึผึฐืชึทื ึผืึผืจ ืึผืืึนืฆึดืืึดืื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึดื ืึทืคึผึทืช ืึฐืจืึนืึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึดื ืึผึธืึฒืชึธื ืึดืึผึทื ืฉึผืึถืึธืึฐืชึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืขึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืึปืฉืึฐืึฒืจึธื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึดืึผึทื ืฉึผืึถืึธืึฐืชึธื ืงึนืึถื ืึธืึฒืคึดืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื:",
|
33 |
+
"ืึธืฆึตืจ ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืึผึธืึผ ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืึธืืึผ ืึปืึฐืึธืงึดืื ืึผึฐืึทืฉืึฐืจืึผืช ืืึนืงึฐืึดืื ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื ืกึฐืชึธื ืึฐืึตืื ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึผึฐืึดืืงึธื ืึทืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืงึธืชึธืึผ ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึตืึธืฉืึตื. ืึทืึผึทืคึฐืงึดืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืฆึถื ืึทืึผืึผืชึดื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึน ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึถืึฑืึดืืคึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึดื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึธืชืึผื ืึผึดืฉืึฐื ึตื ืืึนืชึธืืึนืช ืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื. ืึผึฐืืึนืชึธื ืึถืึธื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:",
|
34 |
+
"ืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึทืฉึผืืึผืง ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืฆึธื ืืึผืึดืื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืงึดืื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื. ืฉืึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื). ืึทืึผืึนืงึตืึท ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึฐืฆึปืึผึถืฆึถืช ืึดื ืึทืฉึผืืึผืง, ืึดืึผึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืงึธืชึธืึผ, ืึดื ืึทืึผืึนื ืึทืชึผึทืึผึธืจ ืึผึฐืฉืึตืจึธื, ืึดื ืึทืึถืึฐืืึนื ืคึผึฐืกืึผืึธื:",
|
35 |
+
"ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืึฒืึปืึผึธื ืืึน ืึฐืจึปืงึผึธื ืืึน ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืึฐืขืึนื ึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืืึผืึตื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืขึตืื ืฆึดืึฐืขึธืึผ. ืึดื ืึฐืจึปืงึผึธื ืึฐืจึปืงึผึดืื ืึดื ืึฒืึปืึผึธื ืึฒืึปืึผึดืื. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึดืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืึฐืขืึนื ึดืื ืืึผืฅ ืึดื ืึทืฉึผืึธืืึนืจ ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืืึผื ื ึดืจึฐืึถื ืึผึดืชึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึฐืืึนืจึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืึทืึผื ืืึผื ืึถืึธื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืึฐ ืฉืึถืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธื ืฆึฐืืึผืขึดืื:",
|
36 |
+
"ืงึธืฉืึถื ืขึนื ึถืฉื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืึธืึธื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึตืขึนื ึถืฉื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดื ึผึดืืึท ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึธืฆืึผื ืึทืึผื ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืฆืึผืึธื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืฆึผึถืึทืข ืฉืึถืึธืึทืจึฐื ืึผ:"
|
37 |
+
],
|
38 |
+
[
|
39 |
+
"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถืึทืึผึธื ืึธืึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึธืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืืึน ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข. ืึฐืชึดืึฐืึถื ืึดืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผ ืจึนืืฉืืึน ืึฐืจึปืึผืึน ืฉืึถื ืงึธืึธื ืึทืึผึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึผึทืฉึผืืึผืง ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึทืึตืจ ืึฐืฉืึธืึฐืจืึน ืึฐืึตืืึตืึฐ ืขึดืึผืึน. ืึฐืชึดืึฐืึถื ืึทืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื:",
|
40 |
+
"ืึฒืึธื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืื ึดืื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึผึดืึฐืึตื ืึถืฉืึดื ืึผืึดืึฐืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผึถืคึถื ืึผืึดืึฐืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืึฐืฆึถืึถืจ ืึทืจึฐื ึธืึดืื ืึฐื ืึนืฆึธื ืฉืึถื ืขึดืึผึดืื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึตืื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึดืึผึธืึตืจ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึฐืจึปืึผึทืขึทืช ืืึน ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึดืึฐืึถื ืฉืึดืขืึผืจึธืึผ ืึผึทืฉึผืึดืขืึผืจ ืฉืึถืึธืึทืจึฐื ืึผ. ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืึธืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืกึฐืชึธื ืึตืื ึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผืคึดืฉืึฐืชึผึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื:",
|
41 |
+
"<small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึทื ึฐืคืึนืช ืึผึฐืกืึผืชึฐืึธืด ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื. ืึดื ืึผึตื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื. ืชึผึทืึฐืืึผื ืืึนืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืชึผึฐืึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผืด ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื ืืึน ืืึนืชึตืจ ืขึทื ืึถื. ืึฐืึธืึผึธื ืึฒื ึดื ืึฐืึทืึผึตื ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื ืึผืคืึนืึตืจ ืึผึทืขึฒืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืึผืฉืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื ืึตืื ึธื ืึผึทืขึฒืึตื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคืึนืช. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืึถืึธืึตืฉื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐืึทืขึฒืึทืช ืึธืึตืฉื ืืึน ืฉืึตืฉื ืึตืื ืึน ืขืึนืฉืึถื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึฐื ึธืคึทืึดื ืึทืึฐืจึปืึธืงืึนืช ืืึน ืึดืึผืึน ืึตืืึนืชึธื ืึถืึธืึตืฉื ืืึน ืึทืฉึผืึตืฉื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื. ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ ืขึทื ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึผึทื ึฐืคืึนืช ืึผึฐืกืึผืชึฐืึธ: ",
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"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืึผืึฐื ึธืคึถืืึธ ืฉืึถื ืขืึนืจ ืึทืึผึถืึถืช. ืึดืื ืฉืึถื ืขืึนืจ ืึผืึฐื ึธืคึถืืึธ ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึถืึผึธื ืึทืึทืจ ืขึดืงึผึทืจ ืึทืึผึฐืกืึผืช. ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืฉืึปืชึผึธืคึดืื ืึทืึผึถืึถืช ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืขึทื ืึผึทื ึฐืคึตื ืึดืึฐืึตืืึถืืด. ืึนื ื ึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผึฐืกืึผืชึฐืึธืด ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืขึตื ืฉืึฐืืึผืึธื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึทืึผึดืืช ืึทืฉึผืึฐืืึผืึธื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึธื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึฐืึนืฉืึดืื ืืึนื ืึดืึผึธืื ืึฐืึตืืึธืึฐ ืึทืึผึถืึถืช:",
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"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืืึผืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ. ืึผืึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืืึผืึตื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึดืึผึถื ึผึธื. ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถื ืึผึธื ืึดืื ืึธืึดืื ืึดืึผึดืื ืึน ืึผึฐืืึนื ืืึผืึตื ืึถืฉืึดื ืึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืึถืฉืึดื ืึฐืืึผืึตื ื ืึนืฆึธื ืึดืึฐืกืึผืช ื ืึนืฆึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึธื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืื ึดืื ืึดืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืึดืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึดืื ืขืึนืฉืึถื. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึถืึถืจ ืึฐืึทืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืคึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืื ึดืื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืคึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึฐืึดืื ึธื ืึตืื ืคึผืึนืึฐืจึดืื:",
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"ืึผืึทื ืืึผื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืืึผืึตื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืืึน ืืึผืึตื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืฆึถืึถืจ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึผึฐืึนื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช. ืึผึฐืึดืื ืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืฉืึถืึทืฉึผืึทืขึทืึฐื ึตื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืขึดื ึฐืึทื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึทืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฆึถืึถืจ ืืึผื ืึผืึทืึผึดืืึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึฐืคึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื. ืึผืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืึตืื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึตื. ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึดืึผึดืื ึธืึผ. ืึฐืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึทืชึผึธื ืืึนืฆึตื ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึฐืึนื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืึดื ืึธืืึนื ืึทืชึผึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึผืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืื ืึธืืึนื ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืึฐืึดืึฐืึถื ืึถืช ืึนื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื. ืึฐืึธืื ืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืืึถื:",
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"ืึผึฐืกืึผืช ืฉืึถื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื ืึตืื ืึทืึผึดืืึดืื ืึผึธืึผ ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืึถืึผึธื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถื ืืึผืึตื ืคึผึดืฉืึฐืชึผึธื. ืึนื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ื ึดืึฐืึตืืช ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืฉึผืึทืขึทืึฐื ึตื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตืจึธื ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตืืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืึทื ืึดืึผืึผื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืขืึนืึตืจ ืขึทื ืึนื ืชึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืขึตืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ืฉืึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื. ืฉืึถืืึนืึทืช ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผืจึฐืึดืืชึถื ืึนืชืึนืด, ืึผึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืจึฐืึดืึผึธื. ืึฐืกืึผืึธื ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช, ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืจืึนืึถื ืึฒืึตืจึดืื ืจืึนืึดืื ืืึนืชืึน:",
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"ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึธืึธืึธื ืึดืึฐืึผืฉื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืื ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึฐืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืึทื ึผึธืึผ ืึผืึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ. ืึผืึตืึตืืึธืชึทื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ. ืึดืฉึผืึถืึผึทืึผึดืืจ ืึผึตืื ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึผึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึตืืฆึทื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึธืึถืืึธ. ืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึทืชึผึธื ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึตืื ืึผ ืึถืึถืึฐ ืึธืขืึนืึธื ืึฒืฉืึถืจ ืงึดืึผึฐืฉืึธื ืึผ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึนืชึธืื ืึฐืฆึดืึผึธื ืึผ ืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ. ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึดืึผึธืชึธืึผ ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืกึผืึนืฃ ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ:",
|
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+
"ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึดืึผึธื ึตืก ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ. ื ึดืคึฐืกึฐืงืึผ ืืึน ืืึผืึตื ืึธืึธื ืืึน ืชึผึฐืึตืึถืช ืืึนืจึฐืงืึน ืึผึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึฐืืึผืคึธืึผ ืงึฐืึปืฉึผืึธื. ืึฐืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืึฐืึผึนืจ ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึฐืฆึปืึผึถืฆึถืช ืึฐืืึนื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืชึผึดืืจ ืฆึดืืฆึดืึผืึนืชึถืืึธ. ืึนื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึฐืืึผืคึธืึผ ืงึฐืึปืฉึผืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึถื ืขึดืึผืึน ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึดืืึทืึผึถื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึทืึทืจึฐืึผึถื ึผืึผ. ื ึธืฉืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผืงึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดื ืึทืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืึผืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืกืึนืคึฐืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืงึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึผืึนืึตืขึท ืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืืึน ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึนืช. ืึฐื ึธืฉืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืฉืึถืจึธืฆืึผ ืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึฐืคึดืื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื. ืึฐืึตื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืึทื ึผึธืฉืึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจืึนืช ืึตืึถื ืึดื ืจึธืฆืึผ ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืืึนืชึธื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืึตืื ืึฐืึทืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึธื. ืึปืึฐืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ึฐืึผึฐืจืึนืึดืื ืึผืก ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึดืกึผึธืคึตืง ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึตืื ืึฐืึธืจึฐืึดืื ืึถืึผึธื ืขืึนืฉืึดืื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื:",
|
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+
"ืึตืืึทืึฐ ืึดืึผืึผื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช. ืึผึธื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึธื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน ืึดื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืึธืจึธืืึผื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึทืึผึดืื ืึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึธื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึนื ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึฒืจึตื ืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืขึฒืฉืึตื. ืึฒืึธื ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืึธืจึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึธื ืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึธืึถื ืึธืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืงึปืคึผึธืึดืื ืึผืึปื ึผึธื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดื ืึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ืืึนืึทืช ืึทืึผึทืึผึดืืช ืึถืึผึธื ืืึนืึทืช ืึธืึดืืฉื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืืึน ืึทืึผึดืืช:",
|
49 |
+
"ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึปืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐื ืึนืช ืืึน ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึผืึฐืึดืชึฐืขึทืึผึตืฃ ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืฉืึถื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืึตืื ืจึธืืึผื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึธืกึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึดืคึฐืึนืจ ืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึดืึผึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน. ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตื ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืขึธืืึผืฃ ืึผึดืึฐืกืึผืช ืึทืึฐืึปืึผึถืึถืช ืึผึทืฆึผึดืืฆึดืืช ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืืึน. ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืึทืชึผึฐืคึดืึผึธื ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึดืึผึธืึตืจ ืึผึฐืืึนืชึตืจ. ืึผึฐื ึทืื ืึผึธืืึนื ืืึผื ืึฐืชึทืึฐืึดืืึตื ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืฉืึถืึผึดืชึฐืคึผึทืึผึฐืืึผ ืึฐืึตื ืึตืื ึธื ืขึฒืืึผืคึดืื:",
|
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+
"ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธืึดืืจ ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ืึทืึผึธืชืึผื ืฉืึฐืงึธืึธืึผ ืึฐืชึธืึธื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึผึปืึผึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึผืจึฐืึดืืชึถื ืึนืชืึน ืึผืึฐืึทืจึฐืชึผึถื ืึถืช ืึผึธื ืึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึฐืึธืณโืด:<br>ืกึธืึดืืง ืึดืึฐืืึนืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช"
|
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+
]
|
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+
],
|
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+
"versions": [
|
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+
[
|
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+
"Torat Emet 370",
|
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+
"http://www.toratemetfreeware.com/index.html?downloads"
|
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+
]
|
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+
],
|
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+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช",
|
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+
"categories": [
|
61 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
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+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
63 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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+
],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
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+
"Chapter",
|
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+
"Halakhah"
|
68 |
+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/English/Based on trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json
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{
|
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+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://sefaria.org",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Based on trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949",
|
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+
"status": "locked",
|
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+
"priority": 3.0,
|
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+
"versionNotes": "",
|
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+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
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+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
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+
"isBaseText": false,
|
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+
"isSource": false,
|
13 |
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"direction": "ltr",
|
14 |
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืชืคืืื ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื",
|
15 |
+
"categories": [
|
16 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
17 |
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"Mishneh Torah",
|
18 |
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"Sefer Ahavah"
|
19 |
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],
|
20 |
+
"text": [
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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+
[],
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[],
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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[
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"There must be no light behaviour in synagogues and houses of study; no jesting, no mockery or idle talk. One may not eat or drink, indulge in physical recreation or promenade there. One may not enter, during the summer, to seek relief from the heat; or, in the winter, to obtain shelter from the rain. Scholars and their students are permitted to eat and drink in there out of necessity.\n"
|
38 |
+
]
|
39 |
+
],
|
40 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
41 |
+
"Chapter",
|
42 |
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"Halakhah"
|
43 |
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]
|
44 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
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1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
|
5 |
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"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
6 |
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"license": "CC0",
|
7 |
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืจืืื ืงืืืืช ืกืคืจืื",
|
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"actualLanguage": "en",
|
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"languageFamilyName": "english",
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"isBaseText": false,
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"direction": "ltr",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืชืคืืื ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื",
|
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"categories": [
|
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"Halakhah",
|
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"Mishneh Torah",
|
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"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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+
],
|
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+
"text": [
|
20 |
+
[
|
21 |
+
"It is a positive commandment to pray every day, as it is written: \"You shall serve the Lord your God\" (Ex. 23:25). By tradition, they learned that this service is prayer, as it says: \"and to worship God with all of your heart\" (Deut. 11:13)โthe sages said what is worship of the heart? This is prayer. The number of prayers is not biblical, the form of prayer is not biblical, and prayer has no biblically fixed time.",
|
22 |
+
"Therefore, women and slaves are obligated in prayer because it is a positive commandment lacking a fixed time, but the obligation of this commandment is as follows: a person should supplicate and pray every day and relate the praise of God, and afterwards ask for their needs as a request and a supplication, and afterwards give praise and thanks to God for the good that has been bestowed upon them, each person according to their ability.",
|
23 |
+
"If one is accustomed/fluent, he increases in supplications and petitions, and if one has uncircumcised lips, he speaks according to his ability and anytime he likes. And so, the number of prayers is as each to their own abilities. There are some who pray once a day, and there are those who pray many times. And everyone would pray facing the Temple. And this was the way of things from the time of Moses to Ezra. ",
|
24 |
+
"When Israel was dispersed in the days of Nebudchadnezzar the evil, they were in foreign lands and they had children in the foreign lands and their children spoke babble. And everyoneโs language was this one and this one and languages were very mixed. And since the speaker was not able to speak all, they needed one language, rather that they should be confused. As it is said: โAnd half their children spoke in the language of Ashdod, etcโ [Nehemiah 13:24]. And none knew how to speak โYehuditโ and spoke the language of the people. And because of this, when one prayed, his tongue was shortened to ask for his needs, or to give praise to the HKBH in the holy language until that their tongues were mixed up. And when Ezra and his Beit Din saw this was, they rose and instituted for themselves the 18 blessings in the order of three first praises to HaShem, and three last thanksgivings, and the middle there were in them requests on all the things that are like the foundations of every personโs desires/needs, man to man. And the needs of the community should be set in the mouths of all and they will learn them. And there will be a prayer, even the stutterers will pray wholly like the prayers of the smooth talkers, because this matter was set, all the blessings and prayers were ordered in the mouths of all Israel so that the whole matter was set in the mouths of the stutterer. ",
|
25 |
+
"And so, they decreed that the number of prayers should be like the number of offerings: two prayers each day, corresponding to the two continual offerings. And for every day that has an additional offering, they decreed a third prayer, corresponding to the additional offering. And the prayer that corresponds to the morning continual offering is called \"the dawn prayer,\" the prayer that corresponds to the afternoon continual offering is called \"the gift prayer,\" and the prayer that corresponds to the additional offerings is called \"the additional offerings prayer.\"",
|
26 |
+
"And so, they decreed that a person pray one prayer at night, as the limbs of the afternoon continual offering would continue to be consumed all night. As it says (Leviticus 6:2), \"it is that which goeth up ...,\" along the lines of what it says (Psalms 55:18): \"Evening, and morning, and at noon, will I complain, and moan; And He hath heard my voice.\" But the evening prayer is not obligatory like the dawn and gift prayers, but even so, all of Israel, in all of their places of residence, are accustomed to pray the evening prayer, and they accepted it upon themselves like an obligatory prayer.",
|
27 |
+
"They also established a prayer after the afternoon prayer, just before sunset, only on the day of the fast [of Yom Kippur], in order to increase in pleading and supplication on account of the fast. This prayer is known as <i>Ne'ila</i> (\"closing\"), that is, [it refers to] the closing gates of Heaven as the sun sets, since it is only ever recited just before sunset. ",
|
28 |
+
"In conclusion, we now have three daily prayers, <i>Aravit, Shacharit and Mincha</i>, and on Shabbat and festivals we have four - the three daily prayers and the additional <i>Mussaf</i> prayer. On Yom Kippur we have five - the four aforementioned prayers and the concluding <i>Ne'ila</i>. ",
|
29 |
+
"One may not subtract from this [number of] prayers, but if one wishes, one may add to them. One can even pray all day long, if one so desires. These additional prayers are comparable to voluntary sacrifices [offered at the Temple], and one must therefore make an innovation in each of the middle blessings [of the Amidah], paraphrasing the [original] blessing. Even if one makes an innovation in a single blessing, this is sufficient to show that it is a voluntary prayer, rather than an obligatory one. Yet the first three and last three [blessings] are never added to or subtracted from, and nothing in them is to be changed. ",
|
30 |
+
"A voluntary prayer may not be recited by a community, just as the voluntary sacrifice was never a public one. Similarly, an individual may not pray the Mussaf prayer twice, once to fulfil his obligation and the other voluntarily, since the Mussaf sacrifice was not offered voluntarily. In addition, some of the Geonim ruled that additional prayers were not to be recited on Shabbat and festivals, since voluntary sacrifices were not offered on those days, but rather only the obligated offerings of that day. "
|
31 |
+
],
|
32 |
+
[
|
33 |
+
"In the days of Rabban Gamliel, the number of heretics increased in Israel and they caused trouble to Israel and incited people away from [service of] God. And when he saw that this [problem] was larger than all other needs of the people, he and his court established a blessing in which there is a request before God to destroy the heretic, and they added it to the prayers so that everyone would be fluent in it. With this addition, the number of blessings in the prayer [amida] is 19.",
|
34 |
+
"At every prayer each day, one says nineteen blessings in the proper order. When does this apply? When one can concentrate properly and is able to read at a brisk pace. However if one was distracted or pressed, or if he had trouble speaking, he should say the first three blessings, and one in the middle with elements of all the middle blessings, and the three blessings at the end and he fulfills his obligation. ",
|
35 |
+
"And this is the blessing that they established with elements of all the middle blessings: Grant us understanding, Lord our God, to know Your ways, and sensitize our hearts so that we may revere You, and forgive us so that we may be redeemed, and keep us far from our suffering, and satisfy us with the pastures of Your land, and gather our scattered [people] from the four [corners of the earth], and those who go astray shall be judged according to Your will, and raise Your hand against the wicked, and may the righteous rejoice in the rebuilding of Your city, and the restoration of Your Sanctuary, and in the flourishing of Your servant David, and in establishing a light for Your Messiah, son of Yishai. Before we call, may You answer, as it says (Isiah 65:24) 'And it shall be that before they call I will answer, while they are still talking I will listen', for you answer at all times, redeem and save from every trouble. Blessed are You, Lord, Who listens to prayer.",
|
36 |
+
"When does this apply? During the summer. But during the winter, one may not say \"grant us understanding\" since we need to pray for rain during the blessing for sustenance. And also after the sabbath or festivals, one may not say \"grant us understanding\" since we need to say havdalah in the blessing of \"you grant us wisdom\".",
|
37 |
+
"And on Shabbat and holidays, there are seven blessings in each and every one of the four prayers of the day. Three at the beginning, and three at the end, and one in the middle which contains elements of the day. On Shabbat the middle blessing ends with \"who sanctifies the sabbath\". On the festivals it ends with \"who sanctifies Israel and the festivals.\" And if it is both shabbat and a festival, it ends with \"who sanctifies the sabbath, and Israel, and the festivals.\" On Rosh Hashanah it ends with \"King of the universe, who sanctifies Israel and the day of remembrance.\" And if it was also the sabbath, it ends with \"King of the universe, who sanctifies the sabbath and Israel and the day of remembrance.\"",
|
38 |
+
"When does this apply? At the evening, morning, and afternoon prayers. But at the Musaf prayer on Rosh Hashana, one says nine blessings: the first three and last three the same as every day, and three middle blessings. The first of the middle blessings describes kingship, the second remembrances, and the third shofar. And each of these ends with a blessing relating to its topic.",
|
39 |
+
"On Yom Kippur every one of the five prayers has seven blessings. The first three and last three and one in the middle relating to the day. And [the middle blessing] in every one of the prayers ends \"King of the universe, who sanctifies Israel and the day of atonement\". And if it falls on shabbat, it ends \"King of the universe, who sanctifies the sabbath and Israel and the day of atonement\"",
|
40 |
+
"When does this apply? On the fast day of a every year, except on the fast day of the jubilee year the musaf prayer as nine blessings, like the mufar prayer on Rosh Hashana, and they are they same blessings, not less and not more, and we only say these prayers during the times when we observe the jubilee. ",
|
41 |
+
"At every prayer we begin prior to the first blessing with \"God, open my lips and my mouth will declare your praises\" (psalms 51:17). And when one finishes after prayer say \"May the words of my mouth etc. find favor before you...\" (psalms 19:15). And afterward take steps backward.",
|
42 |
+
"On Rosh Chodesh and on the intermediate days of a festival [Chol HaMoed] one prays the evening, morning and afternoon prayers with nineteen blessings like the rest of the days, but adds in [the blessing of temple] service \"Our Lord and Lord of our fathers, may it rise up and come before you etc.\" And in Musaf of the intermediate festival days pray Musaf like on the festival. And [for Musaf] on Rosh Chodesh one says seven blessings: the first three and the last three, and one in the middle relating to the sacrifices of Rosh Chodesh, and ends the blessing with \"who sanctifies Israel and new months\".",
|
43 |
+
"When shabbat falls in Chol HaMoed, and also when Rosh Chodesh is on shabbat, one says the seven blessings of shabbat like normal at the evening, morning, and afternoon prayers, but adds \"Our Lord and Lord of our fathers, may it rise up and come before you etc.\" in [the blessing of temple] service. And in Musaf one begins the middle blessing on the topic of shabbat, and finishes with shabbat, and says the holiness of the day in the middle of the blessing, and ends with the new month, \"who sanctifies the sabbath and Israel and new months\". And on Chol HaMoed one ends the same way one ends on the festivals that fall on shabbat. ",
|
44 |
+
"When a festival falls on Sunday, then in the evening prayer one adds in the fourth blessing \"You have made known to us Your righteous judgements and You taught us to perform Your desired laws, and you have given us, God our Lord the holiness of the sabbath, and the honor of the seasons and the festival offerings; You separated between the holiness of the sabbath and the holiness of the holidays, and You sanctified the seventh day more than the six days of work (and you separated and sanctified Your nation Israel in your holiness); and you gave us God our Lord designated times for happiness, festivals and seasons for rejoicing, etc.\" And at the conclusion of shabbat and the conclusion of holidays all year one separates [havdala] in \"you graciously [grant knowledge]\", even though he says havdalah again using a cup [of wine]. ",
|
45 |
+
"On Chanukah and Purim, we add \"for the miracles\" into the blessing of thanks. On shabbat during Chanukah, one says \"for the miracles\" in Musaf the same way it is said in all other prayers. ",
|
46 |
+
"On fast days, even an individual who is fasting adds \"answer us etc.\" in the blessing of \"He who hears our prayers\". And the leader of the congregation says it as a blessing on its own, between \"redeem\" and \"heal\", and ends [the standalone blessing] \"He who responds in a time of trouble (and saves).\" Thus he prayers twenty blessings. On the ninth day of [the month of] Av, insert into \"He who builds Jerusalem\" the following: \"have mercy Lord our God on us and on your people Israel and on Jerusalem your city and on the city of mourning etc.\"",
|
47 |
+
"In the winter [lit. the days of rain] say in the second blessing \"He who causes rain to fall\", and in the summer \"He who causes dew to fall\". When does one say \"He who causes rain to fall\"? Beginning at the musaf prayer on the last day of the festival [Sukkot], and ending at the morning prayer on the first day of the festival of Pesach. And starting with the Musaf prayer on the first day of of Pesach one says \"He who causes dew to fall\".",
|
48 |
+
"Beginning with the seventh day of the month of Marcheshvan, we ask for rain in the blessing of sustenance for as long as we mention the rain [in the first blessing]. Where does this apply? In Israel. But in Shin'ar, Syria, Egypt, and places near or similar to them, we ask for rain beginning sixty days after the autumnal equinox. ",
|
49 |
+
"In places where they needed to ask for rain in the summer, such as distant islands in the sea, they can ask for rain in the blessing of Shomeah Tefillah. In the places where two days of Yom Tov are observed, the prayer for rain is said during the additional prayer (Mussaf) of the first yom tov. ",
|
50 |
+
"All year one ends the third blessing with \"the Holy Lord\" and the twelfth blessing with \"The King Who loves righteousness and justice\". But during the ten days between Rosh HaShanah until the end of Yom Kippur, one ends the third blessing \"The Holy King\" and the twelfth blessing \"The King of Justice\".",
|
51 |
+
"During these ten days, some places have the custom to add \"remember us for life etc.\" in the first blessing, and in the second blessing add \"who is like you compassionate Father etc.\". And in the blessing of thanks, \"remember your kindness etc.\", and in the last blessing \"in the book of life etc.\" And there are places where the custom is to add during these ten days in the third blessing \"And so, place Your fear, and so etc.\" But on Rosh HaShana and Yom Kippur the custom everywhere is to add in the third blessing \"And so, place your fear etc.\""
|
52 |
+
],
|
53 |
+
[
|
54 |
+
"The mitzvah of the morning prayer is to begin at sunrise, and its time extends until the end of the fourth hour which is one third of the day. And if one transgressed or erred and prayed after the fourth hour but before midday, one fulfilled the obligation of prayer. However, one did not fulfill the obligation of prayer in its proper time. Since just as prayer is a commandment from the Torah, so too it is a rabbinic commandment to pray at the proper time, as instituted by the sages and prophets.",
|
55 |
+
"We already stated that the time for the Mincha prayer corresponds to the daily (tamid) afternoon offering. And since the afternoon tamid offering was offered each day at nine-and-a-half hours [into the day], they established the time [for mincha] beginning at nine-and-a-half hours, and this time is called Mincha Ketana [lit. small mincha]. And since on the eve of Passover, if it falls on Friday, they would slaughter the Tamid at six-and-a-half hours, they said that one who prays after six-and-a-half hours fulfills one's obligation. And once this time arrives the obligation to pray begins. This time is called Mincha Gedolah [lit. big mincha].",
|
56 |
+
"May people have the custom to pray (minchah) gedolah and ketanah, and one of them is only optional. (Meaning pray twice, one fulfilling an obligation, the other optional). Some of the Geonim taught that it is best to make the optional prayer during minchah Gedolah, because that time slot was allowed due to a circumstance that doesn't occurs everyday. However, if one does pray during minchah Gedolah as his obligatory prayer, then he should only pray during minchah ketanah the optional prayer. ",
|
57 |
+
"...See and learn that the time for Minchah Gedolah is from six and a half hours until nine and half hours. The time for mincha ketanah is from nine and a half hours until an hour and a quarter left in the day. There is the right for one to pray mincha up until sunset. ",
|
58 |
+
"The time for the Musaf prayer is after the morning prayer and until the seventh hour of the day. And one who prays Musaf after seven hours, even though this is negligent, one fulfills one's obligation since the time [for Musaf] lasts all day.",
|
59 |
+
"The evening prayer, even though it is not obligatory, for one who prays the time is from the beginning of the night until dawn. And the time for the Neilah prayer is that one should try to complete it close to sunset.",
|
60 |
+
"",
|
61 |
+
"",
|
62 |
+
"",
|
63 |
+
"",
|
64 |
+
"If one had the choice between two tefillot, Mincha and Musaf, one should pray Mincha first and then Musaf. But there are those who advise not to do this in communal prayer so that people do not err."
|
65 |
+
],
|
66 |
+
[
|
67 |
+
"Prayer is suspended for five matters, even if the proper time for prayer has arrived: clean hands; covered loins; a clean environment for prayer; matters that would make one feel rushed; and inner mindfulness.",
|
68 |
+
"",
|
69 |
+
"",
|
70 |
+
"All who are ritually impure need merely to wash their hands as if they were ritually pure, and then pray [the Amidah]; even though they would have been able to immerse in a mikveh and leave their impure state, this doesnโt prevent [prayer]. We have already explained how Ezra decreed that a baโal keri [one who has had a seminal emission] is the only one prohibited from studying Torah until he immerses, and how later courts decreed this even for prayer, i.e. that a baโal keri should not pray before immersing - not because of issues relating to ritual purity, but so that scholars not be found around their wives like roosters, and this is why they decreed immersion only for the baโal keri, taking him out of the category of the rest of those who are impure.",
|
71 |
+
"",
|
72 |
+
"",
|
73 |
+
"",
|
74 |
+
"A clean environment for prayer: You should not pray in a filthy place, nor in a bathhouse, nor in an outhouse, nor in a dung heap, and not in a place of dubious cleanliness until youโve checked it out. The general rule is that all the places you must avoid when saying the Shโma, you should also avoid in prayer: just as you need to distance yourself from feces and urine and bad smells and a corpse and from seeing someoneโs nakedness during the Shโma, so too during the Amidah.",
|
75 |
+
"",
|
76 |
+
"Things that make one feel rushed: if you need to go to the bathroom, you shouldnโt pray, and anyone who prays while needing to go - such prayer is an abomination, and you should go back and repeat the prayer after having relieved yourself. But if you would have been able to hold it in for the amount of time needed to walk a parsah [about 2 miles], then your prayer counts. Even so, before the fact, you should not pray until you have checked very carefully to see if you need to go, and have coughed up any phlegm, and wiped spittle from your mouth, and attended to anything else bothering you - only then should you pray.",
|
77 |
+
"One who burps, yawns or sneezes during his prayer, if he does so willingly, this is degrading, and if he checked himself it is considered like nothing. If some spittle comes up during his ravening he should wipe it with his Tallis or his clothes, and if it bothers him he should throw it behind him so it does not bother him during the tefillah and become distracted. If a person passes gas unwillingly he should wait until the smell dissipates before continuing. ",
|
78 |
+
"",
|
79 |
+
"If you were standing in prayer and you dribbled a bit of urine on your legs, you should wait until the urine stops, and then resume where you left off in the prayer. But if you had to wait so long that you could have finished the whole prayer, you should start again from the beginning.",
|
80 |
+
"",
|
81 |
+
"Inner mindfulness: how does one attain it? Any prayer for which one is not fully mindful is not considered prayer. And if one prays without mindfulness, one must go back and pray [again, this time] with mindfulness. One who is confused or inwardly agitated is forbidden from praying until he settles himself; thus, one who has come in from traveling and is tired or unsettled is forbidden from praying until he settles himself. The sages used to say that he ought to wait for three days until he has rested and his emotions have cooled, and only afterward may he pray.",
|
82 |
+
"How is intent (achieved)? A person should turn his heart from all thoughts and envision himself as if he is standing before the presence of God. Therefore he must sit a while before prayer in order to direct his heart and then he can pray with ease and supplications. And he should not treat his prayer like one who is carrying a burden and throws it down and moves on. Therefore he must sit a while after prayer and then take leave. The early pious individuals would wait an hour before prayer and an hour after prayer and would draw out their prayer for an hour.",
|
83 |
+
"",
|
84 |
+
"Similarly, one should not stand to pray amidst jollity, or frivolity, or banter, and not amidst an argument or anger, but rather amidst words of Torah. And not amidst a judicial decision, even though that be words of Torah, so that your heart not be troubled by the ruling, but rather amidst words of Torah which do not require great concentration, for instance laws that are clear and decided. "
|
85 |
+
],
|
86 |
+
[
|
87 |
+
"",
|
88 |
+
"",
|
89 |
+
"",
|
90 |
+
"",
|
91 |
+
"How must one dress [for prayer]? One begins by making himself smart and honourable, as it says \"Bow to the Eternal in honourable holiness\". One may not stand in prayer in his underwear, and not with a bare head, and not with bare feet - in such a place where one would not stand barefoot before nobility, and would wear shoes. One may not stand holding anything, not tools or money or even Tefillin or a Torah scroll, because they distract one's mind, except on Sukkot when one must hold the Lulav. If one was carrying a load on his head, and the time to pray came, if the load weighs less than 4 kavin it can be draped on one's shoulder, and if it is heavier it should be left on the ground during prayer. The custom of all sages and their disciples is to pray wrapped up.",
|
92 |
+
"Fix the place. What does this mean? One should stand in a low place and turn his face to the wall. One needs to open windows or openings that face Jerusalem in order to prayer facing there, as it is written, \"And his windows were directed toward it in his upper chamber, etc. (Daniel 6:11).\" One should fix a place for his regular prayer. One should not pray in a ruin nor behind a synagogue, unless he turns his face toward the synagogue. And it is forbidden to sit down next to someone praying the Amidah or to pass before him at a distance of less than four cubits.",
|
93 |
+
"",
|
94 |
+
"",
|
95 |
+
"",
|
96 |
+
"Bowing, how is it done? The one who is praying bows five bows in each and every prayer. In the first blessing at the beginning and at the end. And in โgiving thanksโ at the beginning and the end. And when he finishes the prayer, he bows and then takes three steps behind him to take his leave and he says goodbye. He turns his body to the left, and afterward he turns his body to the right, and afterward he raises his head from the bow. And when he bows \"4 bows\" he bows during the Barukh. And he rises up during the recitation of the Name. And to whom does all this apply? A layman. But a High Priest, bows at the beginning and at the end of all the blessings. And a king? Once he bows at the begining, he does not raise his head until the end of his prayer.",
|
97 |
+
"And why do we start saying goodbye toward the left? Because his left side is the right side of Him whom stands before/in front of him. Namely, when he stands before The King, Giving Peace to the right of the King, and afterward to the left of The King. And it was determined that when he leaves from his praying, like leaving the presence of The King..",
|
98 |
+
"And all of the bows, these are done by bowing until your vertebrae separate until it is like a [rain]bow [or a bow as in โbow and arrowโ].",
|
99 |
+
"Prostrating, how is it done? After he raises his head from bowing the fifth bow, he sits on the ground and falls upon his face to the ground for Tachanun and the entire Tachanun that he wants [to say]. The Bowing referred to everywhere is upon the knees, The Qeda bow is upon the nose. Prostration is done with the hands and legs/feet stretched out until you find yourself placed upon the ground.",
|
100 |
+
"When you fall upon your face after prayer, some perform the Qeda bow. And some perform the prostration bow. It is forbidden to prostrate upon hewn stones outside of the Temple, as I have explained this in Laws of the Worship of the Stars. And an important man should not fall his face upon the ground unless he is sure that he is as holy as Yehoshu'a. But instead he should lower his face but not place it on the ground. It is permitted for a person to pray in one location and to fall upon his face in another location.",
|
101 |
+
"The custom is straightforward in all of Israel (i.e. the entire Jewish people). That they do not fall on their face [or possibly \"That they do not offer Taแธฅanun (prayers of supplication)\"] during Sabbaths, Festivals, Rosh Hashanna, New Moons, แธคanukkah or Purim. Nor during afternoon prayers leading up to Sabbath eves, nor afternoon prayers leading to the eves of Holy Days, nor for evening prayers on any day. However, there are those who do fall on their faces during evening prayers. [It is] only on the Day of Atonement that one falls on his face for all of the prayers since it is a day of supplications, requests, and fasts."
|
102 |
+
],
|
103 |
+
[
|
104 |
+
"",
|
105 |
+
"",
|
106 |
+
"",
|
107 |
+
"",
|
108 |
+
"......",
|
109 |
+
"",
|
110 |
+
"Women, slaves, and children are obligated to pray, but any man who is exempt from reading the Shema is exempt from prayer as well. Anyone in a funeral procession, whether strictly necessary or not, is exempt from prayer.",
|
111 |
+
"",
|
112 |
+
"A person may not interrupt his prayer (amidah) except where there is danger for life. Even if a king of Israel would greet one, one does not return his greeting; but one interrupts (one's prayer) for a non-Israelite king, because he might otherwise become murderous. Someone who was standing in prayer and notices a non-Israelite king or a tyrant approaching should shorten one's prayer. If one is unable to do so - one may stop. And likewise if one notices snakes and scorpions approaching, if they come in a place where it would be fatal, one stops and flees; and if it wouldn't be fatal, one doesn't stop.",
|
113 |
+
"Women, slaves and minors are obligated to pray. Ever person who is exempt from reciting the Shema is exempt from the Amida; and all those who escort the dead [for burial], even if they are not needed to carry the coffin, are exempt from the Amida. "
|
114 |
+
],
|
115 |
+
[
|
116 |
+
"When the sages established these words of prayer, they also established other blessings to recite every day and these are them: When a person gets into his bed to sleep at night he should recite the blessing: Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who brings down the cords of sleep upon my eyes, and who lowers the sleep of slumber and who awakens the pupil of the eye. May it be the will in front of You, Lord, my God, that You will save me from the evil impulse and from an evil encounter, and that evil dreams not bewilder me, and [also] not evil musings; and that my bed will be perfect in front of You; and that You will raise me up from it for life and peace; and that You will light up my eyes, lest [I sleep] the sleep of death. Blessed are You Lord, Who lights up the entire world with His glory.",
|
117 |
+
"And [then] he recites the first section of the Reading of the Shema and he sleeps, and even if his wife is with him (he reads the first verse or verses of mercy and afterwards sleeps). And if sleep overcomes him, he [can] even read [only] the first verse or verses of mercy and afterwards sleep.",
|
118 |
+
"At the time when he arises at the end of his sleep, he recites the blessing - and he is still in bed - like this: My God, the soul that You have given into me is pure. You created it, Your formed it and You blew it into me, and You preserve it inside me; and in the future, You will take it from me, and in the future, You will return it to me - in the future to come. All the time that the soul is hovering within me, I thank in front of You, Lord, my God, Master of all works. Blessed are You, Lord, Who returns souls to dead corpses.",
|
119 |
+
"When he hears the voice of the roosters, he recites the blessing: Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who has given understanding to the rooster to distinguish between day and night. When he puts on his clothes, he recites the blessing: Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who clothes the naked. When he puts his cloak on his head, he recites the blessing: Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who crowns Israel with splendor. When he passes his hands onto his eyes, he recites the blessing: Who opens [the eyes of] the blind. When he sits on his bed, he recites the blessing: Who unties the bound. When he puts his feet down from the bed and places them on the ground, he recites the blessing: Who floats the ground upon the waters. When he stands, he recites the blessing: Who straightens the bent. When he washes his hands, he recites the blessing: Who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us about the washing of the hands. When he washes his face, he recites the blessing: Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who removes the cords of sleep from my eyes and the slumber from my eyelids. May it be the will in front of You, Lord, my God, that You will accustom me to a commanded thing and not accustom me to a sinful thing and [to] iniquity. And may the good impulse rule in me and may the evil impulse not rule in me. And strengthen me in Your commandments and place my portion in Your Torah; and give me grace, kindness and mercy in Your eyes and in the eyes of all that see me. And grant me good kindnesses. Blessed are You, Lord, Who grants good kindnesses.",
|
120 |
+
"And every time that he enters the restroom; before he enters, he says, Be honored, honored ones, holy ones, servants of the Highest One. Help me, help me, watch me, watch me, wait for me until I go in and come out, as this is the way of people. And after he exits he recites the blessing: Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who has created man with wisdom, and has created in him many holes and many tubes. It is revealed and known in front of Your throne of glory, that if one of them is closed or if one of them is opened, it is impossible to exist even one hour. Blessed are You, Lord, Who heals all flesh and acts wondrously.",
|
121 |
+
"When he puts on his belt, he recites the blessing: Who girds Israel with strength. When he puts on his shoes, he recites the blessing: That You have made for me all of what I need.When he goes to leave onto the road, he recites the blessing: Who prepares the steps of a man. And a man should recite these blessings every day: Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who has not made me a gentile; Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who has not made me a woman; Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who has not made me a slave.",
|
122 |
+
"These eighteen blessing do not have an order, but rather he recites each one of them upon the thing that the blessing is for at its time. How is this? Behold, [if] he put on his belt and he is in his bed, he should recite the blessing, \"Who has girded Israel with strength.\" [If] he heard the voice of a rooster, he should recite the blessing, \"Who has given understanding to to the rooster.\" And he should not recite any of these blessings that he is not obligated in. ",
|
123 |
+
"How is this? [If] he slept in his cloak, when he rises, he does not recite the blessing, \"Who clothes the naked.\" [If] he walked barefoot, he does not recite the blessing, \"That You have made for me all of what I need.\" On Yom Kippur and the 9th of Av when there is no washing, he does not recite the blessing, \"about the washing of the hands,\" nor the blessing, \"Who removes the cords of sleep.\" If he does not enter the restroom, he does not recite the blessing, \"Who has created man.\" And so [too] with all the others of these blessings.",
|
124 |
+
"The people in most of our cities have become accustomed to recite these blessings, one after the other, in the synagogue - whether they are obligated in them or whether they are not obligated in them. And this is a mistake and it is not appropriate to do so - and one should not recite a blessing unless he is obligated in it.",
|
125 |
+
"One who rises early to read from the Torah before he recites the reading of the Shema - whether from the written Torah or from the oral Torah - washes his hands first and says three blessings and afterwards reads. And these are they: Who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us about the words of Torah. And may the Lord our God please make sweet the words of Your Torah in our mouths and in the mouths of Your nation the entire House of Israel. And may we and our offspring and the offspring of Your nation be those who know Your name and those involved in Torah. Blessed are You, Lord, who teaches Torah to His nation Israel. Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who chose us from all the nations and gave us His Torah. Blessed are you Lord, giver of the Torah. ",
|
126 |
+
"A man is obligated to recite these three blessings every day and afterwards he reads a few words of Torah. And [to fulfill this], the people have become accustomed to read the Priestly blessing (Numbers 6:22-27). And there are some places that read, \"'Command the Children of Israel[...]\" (Numbers 28:1-9) and there are places that they read both of them and read chapters or laws from the Mishnah and from the Bereitot.",
|
127 |
+
"And the sages praised one who reads canticles from the book of Psalms, from \"The Praise of David\" (Psalms 145) to the end of the book on every single day. And [people] have already become accustomed to reading verses before them and after them. And they decreed a blessing before the canticles and that is \"Blessed is the One Who spoke,\" and a blessing after them and that is \"Praised (<i>Yishtabach</i>).\" And afterwards, he recites the blessing over the reading of the Shema and recites the reading of the Shema.",
|
128 |
+
"There are places in which they have become accustomed on every day after they recite the blessing, <i>Yishtabach</i> to read the Song at the Sea (Exodus 14:30-15:26) and afterwards recite the blessing over the Shema. And there are places where they read the Haazinu Song (Deuteronomy 32:1-43) and there are some individuals that read both of them. Everything [here] is according to the custom.",
|
129 |
+
"A man is obligated to recite one hundred blessings over the course of the day and the night. And what are these one hundred blessings? Twenty-three blessings that we counted in this chapter; and seven blessing of the reading of the Shema in the morning and in the evening - before it and after it; and when he wraps himself with fringes (<i>tsitsit</i>), he recites the blessing, \"Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who has commanded us with His commandments and commanded us to wrap ourselves with <i>tsitsit</i>\"; and when he wears tefillin, he recites the blessing, \"Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the Universe, Who has commanded us with His commandments and commanded us to put down tefillin\"; and three prayers, in which each of the prayers there are eighteen blessings - behold, eighty-six blessings. And when he eats two meals - of the day and the night - he recites fourteen [additional] blessings, seven at each meal: one when he washes his hands at the beginning; and over the food - one at the beginning and three at the end; and over the wine - before it and after it; behold, seven blessings. With all [of them], behold there are one hundred blessings. ",
|
130 |
+
"At this time when [the sages already] ordained the blessing on the heretics in the prayer and added \"Who is good and does good\" in the Grace over the Meal, there are found to be five additional blessings. On Shabbat and on Holidays when the prayer is [only made up of] seven blessings, and so [too] if he is not obligated on other days in all of these blessings - for example, [if] he did not sleep the whole night and he did not remove his belt and he did not enter the restroom and similar to these - he is required to complete the hundred blessings from [blessings on] the fruits.",
|
131 |
+
"How is this? He eats a little vegetable and blesses before it and after it and goes back and eats a little from a particular fruit and he blesses before it and after it; and he counts up all the blessings until he completes the hundred blessings every day.",
|
132 |
+
"The order of prayers is like this: In the morning, a man rises early and recites these blessings and reads the canticles and he recites the blessing before them and after them; and he reads the Shema afterwards and he recites the blessings before it and after it - and he skips the Sanctification (<i>Kedushah</i>) in the first blessing before it, as an individual (someone praying alone) does not say <i>Kedushah</i>; and when he finishes \"Who saved Israel,\" he immediately stands up in order 'to make proximate the salvation and the prayer,' and he prays standing - as we said; and when he finishes, he sits and falls on his face and supplicates and [then] raises his head and supplicates a little - and he sits for the words of supplications; and afterwards he reads \"The Praise of David\" (sitting down) and supplicates according to his ability, and [then] leaves to his activities.",
|
133 |
+
"And in the afternoon (<i>mincha</i>) prayer, he begins by reading \"The Praise of David\" (sitting down); and afterward prays the afternoon prayer; and when he finishes, he sits and falls on his face and supplicates and [then] raises his head and supplicates a little according to his ability, and [then] leaves to his activities. And in the evening prayer, he recites the reading of the Shema and he recites the blessings before it and after it; and [then] he makes 'proximate the salvation and the prayer,' and he prays standing; and when he finishes, he sits a little and leaves. And one who supplicates after the evening prayer, behold, that is praiseworthy. And even though he recites the blessing, \"lay us down (<i>hashkiveinu</i>)\" after \"Who saved Israel,\" it is not an interruption between 'the salvation and the prayer'; as both [of these blessings] are [considered] like one long blessing. "
|
134 |
+
],
|
135 |
+
[
|
136 |
+
"Communal prayer is always heard, even if there are sinners in their midst, the Holy One does not reject the prayer of the many, therefore a person needs to join himself with the congregation and not pray as an individual whenever one is able to pray with the community. And a person should always be at the synagogue in the early morning and in the evening because his prayer will not be heard at all times except in the synagogue. And every person that has a synagogue in his city and does not pray there with the community is called a bad neighbor.",
|
137 |
+
"",
|
138 |
+
"",
|
139 |
+
"",
|
140 |
+
"And similarly, one does not make the blessing of the Sh'ma and everyone listens and answers \"amen\" after him other than with ten, and this is what is called \"dividing the Sh'ma\". And we do not say Kaddish other than with ten. And the priests do not lift their hands other than with ten. And the priests are part of the count. And [this is because] any ten out of Israel are called a \"congregation\", as was said, \"How long shall I bear this evil congregation...\" (Numbers 14:27). And there were ten in that behold Joshua and Caleb were excluded.",
|
141 |
+
"",
|
142 |
+
"",
|
143 |
+
"",
|
144 |
+
"The leader of the congregation fulfills the obligation of the public. How? At the time that he prays and they listen and answer \"amen\" after each and every blessing, behold it is as if they are praying. In what case is this? When one does not know how to pray; but the one who knows does not fulfill his obligation other than with his own prayer.",
|
145 |
+
"",
|
146 |
+
"We do not appoint a leader of the congregation other than one who is great in the congregation in his wisdom and in his deeds. And if he is old, behold this is extremely praiseworthy. And we make an effort to have as leader of the congregation one who has a pleasant voice and is used to reading. And one who does not have a full beard, despite that he is a great scholar may not be leader of the congregation because of the honor of the congregation, but he may divide the Sh'ma from the time he grows two hairs after thirteen years [of age]. ",
|
147 |
+
"And similarly, one who is inarticulate, for example one who reads an ayin for an aleph or and aleph for an ayin or any one the cannot pronounce the letters in their established manner we do not appoint him leader of the congregation. And a rabbi may appoint one of his students to pray before him in the congregation. A blind person may divide the Sh'ma and can be made leader of the congregation, but someone whose shoulders are uncovered, even though he may divide the Sh'ma, he may not be made leader of the congregation for the Prayer [i.e. Amidah] until he is covered."
|
148 |
+
],
|
149 |
+
[
|
150 |
+
"",
|
151 |
+
"",
|
152 |
+
"",
|
153 |
+
"",
|
154 |
+
"",
|
155 |
+
"",
|
156 |
+
"Someone who says in the appeals, \"He who had mercy on the nest of a bird, that one may not take the mother on the children, or that one may not slaughter [an animal] and its son on one day, He should have mercy on us,\" and the like, we silence him, for the commandments are decrees of the Scripture, and are not mercies. For if they were due to mercy, He would not have allowed us to slaughter at all. Similarly, he should not say many nicknames of the Name, and say, \"The Powerful, the Great, the Mighty, and the Awesome, and the Strong, and the Brave, and the Staunch,\" for there is no power in a human to reach the end in his life. Rather, he should say what our Teacher, Moses, may he rest in peace, said."
|
157 |
+
],
|
158 |
+
[
|
159 |
+
"",
|
160 |
+
"",
|
161 |
+
"",
|
162 |
+
"",
|
163 |
+
"",
|
164 |
+
"",
|
165 |
+
"",
|
166 |
+
"If one erred during the rainy season and said neither \"Who causes the rain to fall\" nor \"Who causes dew to fall\", one should return to the beginning [of amida]. If one mentioned dew one does not return [to the beginning]. If one erred in the summer and said \"Who causes rain to fall\" one starts over. If one did not mention the dew he does not start over, since dew does not stop and does not need supplication.",
|
167 |
+
"If one forgot to ask [for rain] in the blessing of sustenance: if one remembered prior to [the blessing of] \"Who hears our prayers\" one asks for rain in \"Who hears our prayers\"; if one remembered after \"Who hears our prayers\", return to the blessing of sustenance; if one did not remember until after finishing all of ones prayers, return to the beginning [of amida] and pray again."
|
168 |
+
],
|
169 |
+
[
|
170 |
+
"Any place in which there are ten from Israel needs to establish a house that they can enter into for prayer at every time of prayer, and this place is called a \"house of assembly\" [i.e. synagogue]. And the members of the city may compel each other to build a synagogue for themselves and to buy a Torah scroll, [books of the] Prophets and Writings for themselves.",
|
171 |
+
"",
|
172 |
+
"",
|
173 |
+
"",
|
174 |
+
"Synagogues and houses of study - one behaves with respect in them and sweeps them and sprinkles them. All Israel in Spain, the west, Shinar [i.e. Babylonia], and the land of the deer [i.e. Israel] light lamps in the synagogues and unfold mats on the ground in order to sit on them. And in the cities of Edom [i.e. Christian Europe] they sit in it on chairs.",
|
175 |
+
"Synagogues and houses of study - we do not behave frivolously in them, for example: joking around, making fun, or empty conversation. And we do not eat in them, we do not drink in them, we do not benefit from them, and we do not stroll in them. And we do not enter them in the sun because of the sun or in the rain because of the rain. But scholars and their students are permitted to eat and to drink in them out of need. ",
|
176 |
+
"And we do not calculate accounts in them other than if they are accounts for a commandment, for example proceeds for tzedakah or redeeming captives, and similar cases. And we do not eulogize in them other than a eulogy for the public, for example, there would be a eulogy there for the great ones of the scholars of that city since the entire people would gather and come because of them."
|
177 |
+
],
|
178 |
+
[
|
179 |
+
"Moses our teacher instituted for the Jewish people, that they should read from the Torah publicly on the Sabbath, on Monday and on Thursday mornings, so that three days will not pass without the Jewish people hearing Torah. Ezra instituted that the Torah should also be read during afternoon prayers on the Sabbath because of shopkeepers [who miss weekday readings-Rashi]. He also instituted that on Monday and Thursday, three people should [be called up to] read, and that they should not read fewer than ten verses in total.",
|
180 |
+
"And these are those days on which we read from the Torah publicly: on Sabbaths, on Festivals, on New Moons, on fast days, on Chanukkah, on Purim, and on Monday and Thursday of every week. And we do not conclude with [a reading from] the Prophets other than on Sabbaths, Festivals and the 9th of Av alone.",
|
181 |
+
"We do not read from the Torah with less than ten adult, free men. And they do not read less that ten verses. \"And G-d spoke [to Moses]\" counts as one of the ten. No fewer than three men shall read. One should not conclude less than three verses from the end of a passage. Each reader should not read less than three verses.",
|
182 |
+
"",
|
183 |
+
"",
|
184 |
+
"",
|
185 |
+
"",
|
186 |
+
"",
|
187 |
+
"When the reader begins to read in the Torah, it is forbidden to speak even of a matter of halakha [law]; rather, everyone listens and remains silent, and pays attention to what he reads, as was said, \"and the entire people listened to the book of the Torah\" (Nehemiah 8:3). And it is forbidden to go out from the synagogue at the time that the reader reads, but permitted to go out between person and person. And whoever continuously occupies himself in Torah and Torah is his occupation: it is permitted for him to occupy himself in study of Torah at the time that the reader is reading the Torah.",
|
188 |
+
"From the days of Ezra it has been the practice that there would be a translator there translating for the people what the reader reads from the Torah so that they will understand the subject of the words. And the reader reads one verse only and is quiet until the translator translated it, and [then] he returns and reads a second verse. And the reader does not have permission to read for the translator more than one verse [at a time].",
|
189 |
+
"",
|
190 |
+
"",
|
191 |
+
"",
|
192 |
+
"",
|
193 |
+
"",
|
194 |
+
"How many are these readers? On the Sabbath in the morning service, 7 read; and on the Day of Atonement, 6; and on holy days of Festivals, 5. We do not subtract from them, but we add to them. On New Moons, and on ordinary days of Festivals, 4 read. On the Sabbath and the Day of Atonement in the afternoon service, on Tuesday and Thursday of every week, Chanukkah and Purim in the morning service, and on fast days in the morning and afternoon services, 3 read. We do not subtract from this number and we do not add to them.",
|
195 |
+
"",
|
196 |
+
"In every single reading from these, a priest reads first and after him a Levite, and after him an Israelite. And the common practice today is that a priest who is ignorant takes precedence to read over a great scholar who is an Israelite. And any who is greater than his fellow takes precedence to read. And the last one, who rolls the Torah scroll, receives reward equal to all, therefore even the greatest that is in the congregation goes up and completes [the reading].",
|
197 |
+
"If there is no priest there, an Israelite goes up, and a Levite does not go up after him, generally. If there is no Levite, the priest who was called first returns and himself reads a second time in place of a Levite. But one does not call another priest after him, for perhaps they will say: the first was invalid and therefore the other priest went up. And similarly, one does not call a Levite after a Levite, for perhaps they will say: one of the two of them is invalid.",
|
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"It is not proper to read from chumashim in synagogues, in honor of the congregation. A Torah scroll should not be rolled [from one portion to another portion] in the presence of the congregation, because of the burden on the congregation, forcing them to remain standing while the Torah scroll is being rolled. Therefore, if it is necessary to read two separate portions, two Torah scrolls are taken out. [However,] one person should not read one portion from two Torah scrolls, lest people say that the first scroll was invalid and, therefore, they read from the second...."
|
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],
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[
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"The common practice among all Israel is that we complete the Torah in one year. We begin on the Sabbath after the Festival of Booths and read in the section of \"B'reishit\" [\"In the Beginning\"]. On the second [week], \"Eileh Toldot\" [\"These are the generations\"]. On the third week, \"Vayomer, Y'Y El Avram\" [\"And the Lord said to Avram\"]. And we go and read in this order until we complete the Torah on the Festival of Booths. And there are those who complete the Torah in three years, and this is not the common practice.",
|
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"Even though a person hears the entire Torah on every Sabbath with the congregation, one is obligated to read to oneself every single week the section of that Sabbath: twice in the Bible and once in [Aramaic] translation. And a verse which has not translation, one reads it three times so that one completes his portions along with the congregation."
|
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]
|
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],
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"sectionNames": [
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"Chapter",
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"Halakhah"
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]
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}
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/English/The Mishneh Torah by Maimonides. trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/Mechon Mamre.json
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{
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"language": "he",
|
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing",
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"versionSource": "http://www.mechon-mamre.org/i/2206.htm",
|
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"versionTitle": "Mechon Mamre",
|
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"status": "locked",
|
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"license": "Public Domain",
|
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+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืืื ืืืจื",
|
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"actualLanguage": "he",
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"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืชืคืืื ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื",
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"categories": [
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"Mishneh Torah",
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"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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],
|
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"text": [
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[
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"ืืกืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืขืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืืฉืขื ืฉืืฆืืืืจ ืืชืคืืืื, ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืฉืืื; ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืฉื ื ืคืชืืื ืืฉืชื ืจืืืืช, ืฉืืจืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื ืก ืืคืชื ืืืืจ. ืืื ืื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืฉื ื ืืชื ืื ืกืืืืช, ืืืืจ ืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืืจืืื ืื. ืืื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื--ืืืชืจ ืืขืืืจ, ืืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืื: ืฉืืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืื ืขืืื ืฉืืื ืจืืืฃ ืืืจ ืืืฆืืืช, ืืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืชืคืืื.",
|
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+
"ืืืชืคืื ืขื ืืฆืืืืจ, ืื ืืืจืื ืืชืคืืืชื ืืชืจ ืืืื. ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืขืฆืื, ืืจืฉืืช ืืืื: ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืืจ ืชืคืืืชื, ืืคืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืคืืจืื--ืืืืจ; ืืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืืฆืขืืืืช, ืืขืื ืืืจืื--ืืืกืืฃ.",
|
30 |
+
"ืืืฆื: ืืื ืื ืืืื--ืืืงืฉ ืขืืื ืจืืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืื, ืืคื ืฆืืืช ืืฉืื ื; ืืื ืฆืจืื ืืคืจื ืกื, ืืืกืืฃ ืชืืื ื ืืืงืฉื ืืืจืืช ืืฉื ืื. ืืขื ืืจื ืื, ืืื ืืืช ืืื. ืืื ืจืฆื ืืฉืืื ืื ืฆืจืืื ืืฉืืืข ืชืคืืื, ืฉืืื; ืืื ืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืฉืืืฉ ืจืืฉืื ืืช, ืืื ืืฉืืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืช.",
|
31 |
+
"ืืกืืจ ืื ืืืื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืืื, ืืืืจ ืฉืืขืื ืขืืื ืืฉืืจ, ืขื ืฉืืชืคืื ืชืคืืืช ืฉืืจืืช; ืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืคืชื ืืืจื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืื, ืงืืื ืฉืืชืคืื ืชืคืืืช ืฉืืจืืช. ืืื ืืืฆื ืืืจื, ืงืืื ืฉืืชืคืื. ืืื ืืืขื ืืื ืืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืงืืื ืืืกืฃ, ืืงืืื ืื ืื; ืืื ืืื ื ืกืืขื, ืกืืื ืืื ืื.",
|
32 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉืืืืข ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื--ืื ืืืื ืก ืืืจืืฅ, ืืคืืื ืืืืืข, ืขื ืฉืืชืคืื, ืฉืื ืืชืขืืฃ ืืืืืื ืื ืืชืคืืื; ืืื ืืืืื, ืืคืืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืื, ืฉืื ืืืืฉื ืืืืืื; ืืื ืืืื, ืืคืืื ืืืืจ ืืื, ืฉืื ืืืกืชืจ ืืืื ืืืืืฉื ืืืืืื ืื ืืชืคืืื. ืืื ืื ืืืฉื ืืคื ื ืืกืคืจ, ืืคืืื ืชืกืคืืจืช ืืืืื, ืขื ืฉืืชืคืื, ืฉืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืืื; ืืื ืืืื ืก ืืืืจืกืงื ืกืืื ืืื ืื, ืขื ืฉืืชืคืื, ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืคืกื ืืืืืืชื ืืืชืขืกืง ืื ืืืชืขืื ืื ืืชืคืืื. ืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืืื--ืื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืืืจ, ืืืืจ ืื ืืชืคืื ืื ืื.",
|
33 |
+
"ืืืืืชืื ืืชืืืช ืืชืกืคืืจืช, ืืฉืื ืื ืืขืคืืจืช ืืกืคืจืื ืขื ืืจืืื. ืืืืืืชืื ืืชืืืช ืืืจืืฅ, ืืฉืืคืฉืื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืืฉืจื. ืืืืืืชืื ืืชืืืช ืืืืจืกืงื, ืืฉืืงืฉืืจ ืืื ืืชืคืื ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืงืืฉืจืื. ืืืืืืชืื ืืชืืืช ืืืืื--ืืื ื ืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื, ืืฉืืืืื ืืืื; ืืืื ื ืืื, ืืฉืืชืืจ ืืืืจื. ืืืืืืชืื ืืชืืืช ืืืื, ืืฉืืชืขืืคื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืฉืื; ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื, ืืฉืืชืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืื.",
|
34 |
+
"ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืชืคืืืช ืืขืจื ืจืฉืืช, ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืชื ืืืืืจ, ืืืื ืืขื ืืืฉืชื ืืขื ืืืืฉื ืงืืขื, ืืืืจ ืื ืืชืคืื--ืฉืื ืชืื ืืก ืืืชื ืฉืื ื, ืื ืืฆื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืื; ืืื ืืชืคืื ืขืจืืืช, ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืฉืืชื ืื ืืืฉื. ืืืืชืจ ืืืกืชืคืจ ืืืืืื ืก ืืืจืืฅ, ืกืืื ืืฉืืจืืช, ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืืืจื ืืื ืกืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืืฆืื, ืฉืจืื ืืขื ื ืื ืกืื ืืืื; ืืื ืืฉืืจ, ืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืืฆืื, ืื ืืืจื ืื.",
|
35 |
+
"ืื ืฉืืื ืขืืกืง ืืชืืืื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืข ืืื ืชืคืืื--ืคืืกืง ืืืชืคืื; ืืื ืืืืชื ืชืืจืชื ืืืื ืืชื ืืืื ื ืขืืฉื ืืืืื ืืื, ืืืื ืขืืกืง ืืชืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืชืคืืื--ืืื ื ืคืืกืง, ืฉืืฆืืช ืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืืฆืืช ืชืคืืื. ืืื ืืขืืกืง ืืฆืืจืื ืจืืื, ืืขืืกืง ืืืืจื ืชืืจื.",
|
36 |
+
"ืืื ืืืชืคืื ืืคืก๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืง ืชืคืืืชื, ืืื ืืคื ื ืกืื ืช ื ืคืฉืืช ืืืื. ืืคืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืืื, ืื ืืฉืืื ื; ืืื ืคืืกืง ืืื ืืืื ืืื, ืฉืื ืืืจืื ื. ืืื ืขืืื ืืชืคืืื, ืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืก ืื ืื ืืื--ืืงืฆืจ; ืืื ืืื ื ืืืื, ืืคืกืืง. ืืื ืื ืจืื ื ืืฉืื ืืขืงืจืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื--ืื ืืืืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืืืชื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ืืืืชืื, ืคืืกืง ืืืืจื; ืืื ืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืืืช, ืืื ื ืคืืกืง.",
|
37 |
+
"ื ืฉืื ืืขืืืื ืืงืื ืื, ืืืืืื ืืชืคืืื. ืืื ืืืฉ ืฉืคืืืจ ืืงืจืืช ืฉืืข, ืคืืืจ ืื ืืชืคืืื; ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืช ืืืช, ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืฆืืจื ืืื, ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืชืคืืื."
|
38 |
+
]
|
39 |
+
],
|
40 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
41 |
+
"Chapter",
|
42 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
44 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/Torat Emet 370.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/Wikisource Mishneh Torah.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/Wikisource.json
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{
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"language": "he",
|
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing",
|
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"versionSource": "http://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%91%22%D7%9D_%D7%94%D7%9C%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%95%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%9B%D7%AA_%D7%9B%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%99%D7%93",
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"versionTitle": "Wikisource",
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"status": "locked",
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"license": "CC-BY-SA",
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืืงืืืงืกื",
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"actualLanguage": "he",
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"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
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"isBaseText": true,
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"isSource": true,
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"isPrimary": true,
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"direction": "rtl",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืชืคืืื ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื",
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"categories": [
|
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"Halakhah",
|
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"Mishneh Torah",
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"Sefer Ahavah"
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],
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"text": [
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[],
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[
|
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"[ื] ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืืื ืขืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืืคืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืจ ืกืขืื ืื ืืขื ืืฉืื ืฉืชื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืกืืจ ืื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืืคืืื ืืืื ืชืขื ืืช ืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืื ืืช ืชืขื ืืช ืืคื ื ืื ืืช ืื ืืื.",
|
37 |
+
"[ื] ืื\"ื ืืชืขื ืืืช ืฉืืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืื ืฆืื ืืคืืจ ืืชืขื ืืช ืฆืืืจ ืืื ืชืขื ืืช ืฉืืื ืื ื ืขืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืขื ืืื ืืฉืืขื ืขืฉืจ ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืืชืคืืช ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืกืืื ืืฉืงืืขืช ืืืื ืืจื ื ืจืืืช ืื ืขืืื ืืืื ื ืืชืืืคืช ืืื ืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืืคืืื ืืฉ ืื ื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืืื ืฉืขืืจ ืืขืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื\"ื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืข ืฉืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจืืช ืืจื ืื ื ืืฉื ืืคืื ืืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืชื ืืคื ื ืืืฉื ืฉืื ืืืืจื ืคืกืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืืจืืืืื.",
|
38 |
+
"[ื] ืืืฆื ืืื ื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืช ืฉืืืืข ืฉืืื ืฆืืืจ ืืขืืืื ืืฉืืืืจ ืจืฆื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืกืช ื ืขืงืจืื ืืืงืืื ืืืืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืขืืืืื ืฉื ืคื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจืืื ืืืคื ืืขื ืืืฆืืขืืชืืื ืืคืืคืืช ืืชืื ืืคืืื ืขื ืฉืืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืืืืจืื ืคื ืืื ืืืคื ืืขื ืืคืืฉืืื ืืฆืืขืืชืืื ืืืืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืชืคืืื ืืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืงืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืจ ืืฉืืฉืืืืื ืคืกืืง ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืงืจื ืืืชื ืคืกืืง ืฉื ื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืขื ืฉืืฉืืืืื ืคืกืืง ืฉื ื ืืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืคืกืืง ืฉืืืฉื.",
|
39 |
+
"[ื] ืืฉืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ื' ืคืกืืงืื ืืชืืื ืฉ\"ืฆ ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉื ืชืคืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืคื ืืื ืืืคื ืืงืืฉ ืืงืืคืฆืื ืืฆืืขืืชืืื ืืขืืืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืงืืื.",
|
40 |
+
"[ื] ืืื ืืืงืจื ืจืฉืื (ืืืงืจืืช ืืืื ืื) ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืคื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืืืืืจ ืืคื ืืืงืจื ืืืื ืืฆืืืืจ ืขืื ืื ืืื ืขื ืฉืชืืื ืืืจืื ืืคื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืจืช ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืคื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืจืฉืื ืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืขื ืฉืื ืชืืจืฃ ืืขืชื ืืื ืืืข ืืืื ืืจืื ืืงืจื ืืืชื ืื ืคืกืืง ืฉื ื ืื ืคืกืืง ืฉืืืฉื.",
|
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"[ื] ืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืืืจ ืคื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืจ ืขื ืฉืืชืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืขืงืจ ืืืงืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืจืฉืืื ืืืืฃ ืงืฉืจื ืืฆืืขืืชืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืืจื ืคื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืชืงื ืืช [ืขืืจื] ืฉืื ืืขืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืคืื.",
|
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"[ื] ืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืจืืื ืืช ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืกืืื ืืขืชื ืืื ืืืื ืขืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืขืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืื ืืื ืจืฉืื ืืืกืชืื ืืคื ื ืืืื ืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืืช ืืขื ืืื ืฉืื ืืกืืื ืืขืชื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืฉืืืข ืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืื ืคื ืืื ืื ืื ืคื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืื ืืคื ืืื.",
|
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"[ื] ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืงืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ื ืืื ืฉื ืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ื ืืชืืืืื ืืืจื ืขื ืฉืืงืจื ืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืกืืจ ืฉืืืจื ื.",
|
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"[ื] ืืืฆื ืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ืขืืืืช ืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืืื ืจืืฉืืื ืืืฆืืขืืชืืื ืคืฉืืืืช ืืืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืขืื ืื ืืฆืืฅ ืืืื ืืงืจื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืฉืืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืืจ ืื ืคืกืืง ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืงืืฉ ืืจืื ืืืช ืืืฉืืฉืืืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืืขืืื.",
|
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+
"[ื] ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืฉื ืืืชืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืืื\"ื ื\"ื ืื\"ื ื\"ื ืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืืคืืจืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ื ืืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื\"ืฃ ืื\"ืช ืฉืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืช ืืฉื ืืืชืื ืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืืฉืืช ืฉืืขืื ืืฆืืืง ืคืกืงื ืืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืฉื ืืืคืืจืฉ ืืคืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืชืืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืคืขื ืืืช ืืฉืืข ืฉื ืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืจื.",
|
46 |
+
"[ืื] ืืื ืืจืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืืจืช ืื\"ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืงืืฉ ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืชืืจืื ืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืคื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืข\"ื ืื ืชืืจืื ืืขืืืื ืื ืชืืจืื ืื ืฉืืืช ืืคืื ืื ืชืืจืื ืืืฉืื ืืงืืฉ ืื ืชืืจืื ืคื ืื ืื ืื ืคื ืื ืื ืชืืจืื ืืงืื ืจื ืื ืชืืจืื ืืฉื ืืืคืืจืฉ ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืืจื ื.",
|
47 |
+
"[ืื] ืืื ืืืื ืื ืจืฉืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืจืื ืขื ืฉืืฉืช ืืคืกืืงืื ืืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืืืชืืื ืืืกืฃ ืขืืืื ืืื ืืืฃ ืคืขืืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืื ืืงืื ืจื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืชืืกืืคื ืขื ืืืืจ ืืฉืขื ืฉืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืขืืงืจ ืจืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืืืจ ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืฉืชืืื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืฆืืืชื ื ืืืจื ืืช ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืืขืื ืืขืชื ืืขื ืขืืื ืืงืืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืืืจื ืืช ืืขื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืงืืืฉืชื ืฉื ืืืจื ืืฆืื ื ืืืจื ืืช ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืชืืื ืืืจืื ืืืฉืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ืื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืขืฉืื ื ืื ืฉืืืจืช ืขืืื ื ืขืฉื ืขืื ื ืื ืฉืืืืืชื ื ืืฉืงืืคื ืืืขืื ืงืืฉื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืช ืขืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื.",
|
48 |
+
"[ืื] ืืฉืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืช ืคื ืืื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืฉืืืืืจืื ืคื ืืื ืื ืืฆืืืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืืจืืื ืื ืืืืืจื ืืื ืขื ืืจื ืืืื ืื\"ื ืืื ืื ืคืื ืืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืคืื ื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืจื ืืืื.",
|
49 |
+
"[ืื] ืืืงืืฉ ืืืจืืื ืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืคืขื ืืืช ืืืื ืืืจ ืชืืื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืขืืืืื ืขื ืืขืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืจืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืืจื ื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืจ ืื ืชืคืื ืืืฅ ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ื ืืื ืืงืื ืืฉืชืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืงืจื ืืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืงืจื ืืื."
|
50 |
+
]
|
51 |
+
],
|
52 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
53 |
+
"Chapter",
|
54 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
55 |
+
]
|
56 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/just the first two halachot.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://www.mechonhadar.org/c/document_library/get_file?uuid=8e2def5c-17b6-4160-9fe3-874c9c9c3587&groupId=11401",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "just the first two halachot",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
8 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
9 |
+
"isBaseText": true,
|
10 |
+
"isSource": true,
|
11 |
+
"isPrimary": true,
|
12 |
+
"direction": "rtl",
|
13 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืชืคืืื ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื",
|
14 |
+
"categories": [
|
15 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
16 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
17 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
18 |
+
],
|
19 |
+
"text": [
|
20 |
+
[
|
21 |
+
"ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืืืชืคืื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืขืืืชื ืืช ื' ืืืืืื, ืืคื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืื ืฉืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืชืคืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืชืคืื, ืืืื ืื ืื ืืชืคืืืช ืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืชืคืื ืืืืช ืื ืืชืืจื, ืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืื ืงืืืข ืื ืืชืืจื.",
|
22 |
+
"ืืืคืืื ื ืฉืื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฆืื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืชืื ื ืืืชืคืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืืืงืฉื ืืืชืื ื ืืืืจ ืื ื ืืชื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืื' ืขื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉืคืืข ืื ืื ืืื ืืคื ืืื."
|
23 |
+
]
|
24 |
+
],
|
25 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
26 |
+
"Chapter",
|
27 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
28 |
+
]
|
29 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Prayer and the Priestly Blessing/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Jad Haghasakkah, trans. by L. Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851. Corrected and edited by Igor Itkin - German [de].json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.talmud.de/tlmd/mischne-tora/",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Jad Haghasakkah, trans. by L. Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851. Corrected and edited by Igor Itkin - German [de]",
|
6 |
+
"license": "Public Domain",
|
7 |
+
"versionNotes": "Mandelstammโs translation has been corrected according to an unrevised Hebrew edition, missing segments and explanatory brackets were added by Igor Itkin. This project was enabled thanks to the Freimann collection at Goethe University Frankfurt, and to Transkribus software.",
|
8 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "",
|
9 |
+
"versionNotesInHebrew": "ืืชืจืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืชืืงื ืขื ืคื ืืืืืืจื ืขืืจืืช, ืงืืขืื ืืกืจืื ืืกืืืจืืื ืืกืืจ ื ืืกืคื ืขื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืงืื. ืคืจืืืงื ืื ืืชืืคืฉืจ ืชืืืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืคืจืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืกืืืช ืืชื ืคืจื ืงืคืืจื, ืืชืืื ืช Transkribus.",
|
10 |
+
"shortVersionTitle": "Leon Mandelstamm. St. Petersburg, 1851",
|
11 |
+
"actualLanguage": "de",
|
12 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "german",
|
13 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
14 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
15 |
+
"direction": "ltr",
|
16 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข",
|
17 |
+
"categories": [
|
18 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
19 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
20 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
21 |
+
],
|
22 |
+
"text": [
|
23 |
+
[
|
24 |
+
"Das ยปHรถre Israelยซ soll zwei Mal tรคglich, nรคmlich morgens und abends rezitiert werden, denn es heiรt (Deut. 6:7): ยปBei deinem Niederlegen und bei deinem Aufstehen u. s. w.ยซ, also zur Stunde, wo der Mensch gewohnt ist sich zur Ruhe zu begeben, โ was auf die Nacht hindeutet, โ und zur Stunde wo er aufsteht, was auf den Tag hindeutet.",
|
25 |
+
"Gelesen werden folgende drei AbschnitteยซยปHรถre Israel u. s. w.ยซ (Deut. 6:4-9).ยปUnd es wird geschehen, wenn Du gehorchstยซ (Deut. 11:13-21).ยปUnd Gott sprach zu Mosesยซ (Num. 15:37-41).Begonnen wird mit dem Abschnitt ยปHรถre Israelยซ, weil darin รผber die Einheit Gottes, wie auch รผber die Liebe zu Ihm und dessen Tora geredet wird und dieses der Grundstein alles Wissens und Glaubens ist.Sodann wird rezitiert ยปUnd es wird geschehen, wenn Du gehorchstยซ, weil hierin ein Gebot รผber das Gedenken aller gรถttlichen Vorschriften enthalten ist, und zuletzt der Abschnitt รผber die Schaufรคden (Zizit), worin auch ein Gebot รผber das Gedenken aller Vorschriften im Allgemeinen inbegriffen ist.",
|
26 |
+
"Obgleich aber das Gebot der Beobachtung der Zizit, bei Nacht nicht ausgefรผhrt wird (siehe Zizit 3:7), muss der betreffende Abschnitt wรคhrend des Abendgebets dennoch gelesen werden; weil dort das Andenken an die Befreiung aus der รคgyptischen Knechtschaft erwรคhnt wird und es ein Gebot ist, dass wir uns deren bei Nacht wie bei Tage erinnern sollen, wie es auch heiรt (Deut. 16:3): ยปDamit du gedenkst des Tages deines Auszugs aus รgypten dein Leben langยซ. Das Rezitieren dieser drei Abschnitte in erwรคhnter Folge, wird im Allgemeinen das Lesen des ยปHรถre Israelยซ (ืงึฐืจึดืึทึผืช ืฉึฐืืึทืข) genannt.",
|
27 |
+
"Jeder, der das ยปHรถre Israelยซ rezitiert, muss unmittelbar nach dem ersten Vers im Stillen dabei zu flรผstern ยปGelobet sei der Name seiner kรถniglichen Glorie, in Ewigkeit, immerdar ืึธึผืจืึผืึฐ ืฉึตืื ืึฐึผืืึนื ืึทืึฐืืึผืชืึน ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึธืขึถืยซ โ worauf das Rezitieren mit dem Vers: ยปUnd Du sollst lieben den Ewigen, deinen Gott, u. s. w.ยซ fortgesetzt wird. รber die Einschaltung dieses Verses sagt die Tradition: Als unser Stammvater Jakob in รgypten seine Sรถhne vor seinem Sterben versammelt und dieselben รผber die Einheit Gottes und die Wege des Ewigen, welche auch Abraham und Isaak gewandelt, belehrte, habe er auch die Frage an sie gerichtet: ยปVielleicht hegt Einer unter Euch irgend einen, mit der Einheit Gottes, wie ich selbige auffasse, nicht รผbereinstimmenden Gedankenยซ โ wie auch spรคter unser Lehrer Moses zu uns sprach (Deut. 29:17), ยปVieleicht findet โsich unter Euch ein Mann oder eine Frau usw.ยซ โโ โda antworteten alle einstimmig und sprachen: ยปHรถre Israel,โ โder Ewige, unser Gott, ist ein einiger Gottยซ, โโ โnรคmlich: ยปHรถre, unser Vater Israel, der Ewige, unser Gottโ โusw.ยซ โ darauf sprach nun der Greis: ยปGelobet seiโ โder Name seiner Glorie ewig und immerdarยซ; โ daโher ist es auch Sitte in ganz Israel, das Lob Gottes, das โder Greis Israel ausgesprochen, nach jenem Verse zu rezitieren.โ",
|
28 |
+
"Vor und nach Rezitation des ยปHรถre Israelยป, mรผssen besondere Segenssprรผche gesagt werden und zwar bei Tage, zwei Segensprรผche vor dem Schma und einer danach, โ bei Nacht, zwei vorโ und zwei nach dem Lesen.โ",
|
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+
"Der erste Segensspruch vor dem Rezitieren am Tag ist: ยปBildner des Lichts und Schรถpfer der Finsternis, ืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจยซ; der zweite: ยปMit ewiger Liebe hast Du uns liebgewonnen โืึทืึฒืึทืช ืขืึนืึธื ืึฒืึทืึฐืชึธึผื ืึผยซ โ der, nach dem Rezitieren: ยปWahr und fest ืึฑืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฆึดึผืืยซ Der erste Segensspruchs Nachts, vor dem Rezitieren ist: ยปDer Du den Abend herabsendest ืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืืยซ; der zweites: ยปMit ewiger Liebe hast Du das Haus Israel, Deines Volkes, liebgewonnen ืึทืึฒืึทืช ืขืึนืึธื ืขึทืึฐึผืึธ ืึดืฉึฐืืจึธืึตื ืึธืึทืึฐืชึธึผยซ; โ der erste Nachts, nach dem Rezitieren ist: ยปWahr und bewรคhrt ist es ืึฑืึถืช ืึฑืืึผื ึธืยซ wieder zweite: ยปLasse uns ruhen in Frieden ืึทืฉึฐืืึดึผืืึตื ืึผ ยซ.",
|
30 |
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"Die erste Segensformel vor dem Rezitieren, sowohl beim Abend- wie beim Morgengebet, muss mit einem: ยปGesegnet seist Du ืึธืจืึผืึฐยซ begonnen und damit geschlossen werden. Die รผbrigen Segenssprรผche werden nur mit ืึธืจืึผืึฐ geschlossen, jedoch werden sie damit nicht geรถffnet ืึตืื ืึธืึถื ืคึฐึผืชึดืืึธื.Diese Formeln, wie auch alle รผbrigen, in ganz Israel รผblichen Segenssprรผche, sind von dem Schriftgelehrten Esra und seinem Gerichtshof angeordnet worden und niemand darf sich erlauben das Geringste daran zu verรคndern, zuzusetzen oder auszulassen. Ist demnach vorgeschrieben, irgendeinen Spruch mit dem ยปGesegnet seist Duยซ zu schlieรen, โ darf dieser Schluss nicht umgangen werden, wogegen derselbe nicht hinzugesetzt werden darf, sobald die Vorschrift solches nicht verlangt. Ebenso darf mit keinem ยปGesegnet seist Duยซ begonnen werden, sobald das nicht ausdrรผcklich vorgeschrieben und wiederum diese Formel nicht umgangen werden, sobald vorgeschrieben worden damit zu beginnen. Mit einem Worte, wer die Formulierung der Weisen in Betreff der Segenssprรผche missachtet, wird als fehlend angesehen und muss die Segenssprรผche wiederholen. Wer am Morgen das ยปWahr und festยซ und am Abend, das ยปWahr und bewรคhrtยซ nicht spricht, hat seiner Pflicht nicht Genรผge geleistet.",
|
31 |
+
"Hat jemand den zweiten Segensspruch vor dem ersten gesprochen, sei es morgens oder abends, oder hat die Verwechslung in den Vor- oder Nachsegenssprรผchen stattgefunden, so ist er nichtsdestoweniger seiner Pflicht dennoch nachgekommen, weil in Bezug auf die Segenssprรผche die Reihenfolge von keinem Belange ist.Begann dagegen jemand am Morgen mit: ยปBildner desโ Lichtes ืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจยซ und schloss mit, ยปDer Du den Abend herabsendest ืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ยซ, so ist er seiner Pflicht nicht nachgekommen; โ wenn er aber mit: ยปDer Du den Abend ืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ยซ begonnen und mit, ยปBildner des Lichtsยซ geschlossen, โ so gilt sein Spruch.Ebenso verhรคlt es sich mit dem Abendsegen, welcher als gรผltig anzusehen ist, sobald er mit: ยปBildner des Lichtsยซ begonnen und mit: ยปDer Du den Abendยซ geschlossen. Dagegen ungรผltig ist, falls er mit letzterem begonnen und mit ersterem geschlossen, โ weil alle Segenssprรผche nur durch ihren Schluss bedingt werden.",
|
32 |
+
"Das Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ darf abends, der Vorschrift nach, nur von dem ersten Erscheinen der Sterne ืึฐืฆึดืืึทืช ืึทืึผืึนืึธืึดืื bis zu Mitternacht ืึฒืฆึดื ืึทืึทึผืึฐืึธื vorgenommen werden. Jedoch kann diese Frist noch bis zum Anbruch der Morgendรคmmerung ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึทึผืืึทืจ ausgedehnt werden, โ da die Weisen nur aus dem Grunde die Mitternacht als Zeitgrenze vorgeschrieben haben, um absichtlicher Versรคumnis vorzubeugen.",
|
33 |
+
"Jedes Rezitieren des abendlichen ยปHรถre Israelยป, zwischen Morgendรคmmerung und Sonnenaufgang, wird als รbertretung der vorschriftmรครigen Frist angesehen, es sei denn bei namhaften Notfรคllen, wie z. B., Berauschten, Kranken u.dgl. Jedoch wird in letzterem Fall das ยปLaร uns in Frieden ruhnยซ, dann nicht mehr gesprochen.",
|
34 |
+
"Wann ist die Zeit am Tag? Die zum Lesen des ยปHรถre Israelยป, vorschriftsmรครig bestimmte Zeit ist, etwas vor Sonnenaufgang ืึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึธึผื damit zu beginnen, damit dasselbe beschlossen und der letzte Segensspruch mit dem Sonnenaufgang selbst rezitiert werden kรถnne. Diese Zeit belรคuft sich auf etwa 1/10 Stunde (etwa 6 Minuten). Sollte jedoch jemand diesen Zeitpunkt versรคumen und das Lesen erst nach Sonnenaufgang begonnen haben, so ist seiner Pflicht dennoch dadurch genรผgt, da die eigentliche Frist fรผr den Fall unwillkรผrlicher Versรคumnis sich bis zur dritten Tagesstunde erstreckt.",
|
35 |
+
"Sollte jemand das morgendliche ยปHรถre Israelยซ nach dem Erscheinen der Morgendรคmmerung beginnen und noch vor Aufgang der Sonne damit fertig sein, so ist seiner Pflicht genรผgt, โ da fรผr den Notfall, bei plรถtzlich bevorstehender Reise oder dergleichen, es sogar vorschriftsmรครig von vorn herein gestattet ist, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ noch vor Sonnenaufgang, mit dem Erscheinen der Morgenrรถte, zu beginnen.",
|
36 |
+
"Das durch Umstรคnde verzรถgerte Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ nach der dritten Tagesstunde, wird keineswegs als ยปder Pflicht genรผgendยซ betrachtet, sondern gleichsam nur als bloรes Lesen in der Tora angesehen. Jedoch kรถnnen die Segenssprรผche vor und nach dem Rezitieren, wรคhrend des ganzen Tages gesprochen werden, selbst wenn man das ยปHรถre Israelยซ erst nach der dritten Tagesstunde begonnen hat (da diese Segensprรผche nur Lobsprรผche sind)."
|
37 |
+
],
|
38 |
+
[
|
39 |
+
"Wer den ersten Verses des ยปHรถre Israelยซ liest, d. i. ืฉึฐืืึทืข ืึดืฉึฐืืจึธืึตื, ืื ืึฑืึนืึตืื ืึผ ืื ืึถืึธื, und die Andacht seines Herzens darauf nicht richtet, hat seine Pflicht nicht erfรผllt. Bei den anderen Versen erfรผllt er seine Pflicht, auch wenn er die Andacht seines Herzens darauf nicht richtet. Sollte sogar jemand sich nur mit dem Lesen der Tora, oder der Korrektur eines der Abschnitte, wรคhrend der vorschriftsmรครig bestimmten Zeit beschรคftigt haben und nur beim Lesen des ersten Verses andรคchtig gewesen sein, so ist der Pflicht des Rezitierens Genรผge geschehen.",
|
40 |
+
"Das ยปHรถre Israelยซ kann ohne Weiteres sowohl stehend oder liegend rezitiert werden, wie auch gehend oder auf einem Tier reitend, nur nicht mit dem Gesicht zur Erde oder gegen die Decke gewendeter Lage, welches vorschriftsmรครig nicht erlaubt ist. Man soll es auf der Seite liegend rezitieren. Dagegen ist es beleibten Leuten oder Kranken denen es beschwerlich wรคre sich ganz zur Seite zu wenden, โ gestattet, von obiger Verordnung eine Ausnahme zu machen, insofern sie sich beim Sprechen des ยปHรถre Israelยซ nur um ein Weniges zur Seite neigen.",
|
41 |
+
"Wer das ยปHรถre Israelยซ gehend rezitiert, ist verpflichtet, wรคhrend des ersten Verses stehen zu bleiben, dagegen kann er beim Hersagen der folgenden Verse seinen Gang fortsetzen.รberfรคllt jemanden die Mรผdigkeit beim Rezitieren, so versuche man ihn wenigstens wรคhrend des ersten Verses munter zu erhalten, beim Sprechen der รผbrigen aber nicht vom Schlaf abzuhalten, falls ihn derselbe รผbermannen sollte.",
|
42 |
+
"Wer das ยปHรถre Israelยซ rezitieren will, wรคhrend er mit Arbeit beschรคftigt ist, ist verpflichtet mit derselben so lange innezuhalten, bis er die ganze erste Abteilung gesprochen hat, damit ihre Andacht nicht zur Nebensache werde. Der Rest des Spruches dagegen kann bei fortgesetzter Arbeit rezitiert werden. Sollte sich sogar jemand auf dem Wipfel eines Baumes, oder der Zinne einer Mauer befinden, so ist es ihm gestattet, auch dort das ยปHรถre Israelยซ mit demselben, vorangehenden und ihm folgenden Segenssprรผchen zu rezitieren.",
|
43 |
+
"Wรคre jemand mit dem Studium der Tora befasst ist, wรคhrend die vorgeschriebene Zeit zum Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ herannaht, so ist er ebenfalls verpflichtet, sich so lange zu unterbrechen, bis er den Spruch samt den Segensformeln beendet. Ist dagegen jemand mit รถffentlichen Angelegenheiten beschรคftigt, so unterbreche er sich keineswegs, sondern verrichte seine Lesung dann, wenn die Beendigung des Geschรคftes es ihm gestattet.",
|
44 |
+
"Ist jemand beim Essen, im Bad, beim Scheren, in einer Gerberei mit Umdrehen von Fellen beschรคftigt oder einem Prozess vor Gericht folgt, so beende er zuerst seine Beschรคftigung und rezitiere nachher dasโ ยปHรถre Israelยซ. Sollte aber jemand aus Besorgnis die vorgeschriebene Zeit zu versรคumen, seine Beschรคftigung unterbrochen haben, so ist dies lobenswert.",
|
45 |
+
"Sollte jemand, Morgens sich im Bad befinden und noch so viel Zeit รผbrig haben, herauszusteigen und sich anzukleiden, bevor noch die Sonne aufgegangen, so tue er dies und rezitiere dann das ยปHรถre Israelยซ. Besorgt es ihn aber, dass ihm keine Zeit รผbrig bleibe alles Dieses noch vor Sonnenaufgang zu bewerkstelligen, so bedecke er sich gleichsam mit dem Wasser und spreche daselbst den Spruch; โ jedoch darf dieses weder in รผbel duftendem, noch in Spรผlwasser und wiederum nicht in ganz klarem Wasser geschehen, weil in Letzterem seine Blรถรe sichtbar wรคre; โ dieses zu verhรผten muss sich im trรผben Wasser bedecken, worauf er an Ort und Stelle das ยปHรถre Israelยซ sprechen darf.",
|
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+
"Wรคhrend des Lesens soll niemand mit den Augen blinken, mit den Lippen zucken, oder Zeichen mit den Fingern geben, weil dieses unanstรคndig ist und das Rezitieren dadurch zur Nebensache wรผrde. Auch soll man die Worte mรถglichst vernehmlich und die einzelnen Buchstaben richtig aussprechen, obgleich man selbst bei Nichtbeobachtung dieser Fรคlle, seine Pflicht nichtsdestoweniger erfรผllt hat.",
|
47 |
+
"Wie sollte man die Buchstaben richtig aussprechen? Indem man jeden Buchstaben grammatikalisch beobachte, die harten nicht weich und die weichen nicht hart ausspreche, keinen ruhenden (Schwa quiescens) zum beweglichen (Schwa mobile) und keinen beweglichen zum ruhenden mache. Weshalb auch stets zwischen zwei gleichen Buchstaben, von denen der eine ein Wort beschlieรt und der andere ein Wort beginnt, eine kleine Pause beobachtet werden muss, wie z. B. Bechal-lewawcha ืึฐึผืึธื ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธ, oder Weawadetem-mehera ืึทืึฒืึทืึฐืชึถึผื ืึฐืึตืจึธื, oder Hakanaf-petil ืึทืึธึผื ึธืฃ ืคึฐึผืชึดืื; โ auch muss das z (zajin) im Wort Tizkeru ืชึดืึฐืึฐึผืจืึผ weich ausgesprochen und im Worte Echad ืึถืึธื das D so lang gedehnt werden, dass man sich dabei die gรถttliche Macht รผber alle vier Himmelsgegenden ausgedehnt denken kรถnne. Das Chet dagegen darf man nicht zu schnell aussprechen, damit es nicht etwa klinge, als spreche man Ei-chad.",
|
48 |
+
"โDas ยปHรถre Israelยซ kann in jeder, dem Sprechenden verstรคndlichen, Sprache rezitiert werden. Doch muss dabei stets alles รผber die Reinheit und Grammatik der Sprache oben angefรผhrte, โ โebenso gewissenhaft beobachtet werden, wie bei Rezitation jenes Spruches in der heiligen Sprache. โ",
|
49 |
+
"Die Verwechselung der Reihenfolge in den Versen ist als ein Fehler und pflichtwidrig anzusehen. In Hinsicht aber auf die Reihenfolge der Abschnitte ืคึธึผืจึธืฉึธืื ืึฐืคึธืจึธืฉึธืื, ist meiner Meinung nach trotzdem โ der Pflicht dadurch kein Abbruch geschehen, sondern derselben ohne Weiteres genรผgt worden, da in der Heiligen Schrift diese Abschnitte nicht unmittelbar aufeinander folgen. Einen Vers zweimal wiederholen ist unanstรคndig, wird aber ein Wort zweimal wiederholt, z. B. Hรถre, Hรถre, โ so ist dem Redenden Stillschweigen zu gebieten (weil es Aussieht, als ob er mehrere Gรถtter anbete).",
|
50 |
+
"Das Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ, selbst mit Unterbrechungen ืกึตืจืึผืึดืื, genรผgt sogar in dem Falle, dass wรคhrend der Unterbrechung das ganze Gebet hรคtte hergesagt werden kรถnnen, jedoch muss jedenfalls die gehรถrige Reihenfolge berรผcksichtigt werden. Sollte das Rezitieren zwischen Wachen und Trรคumen geschehen, so genรผgt auch dieses, sobald nur der erste Vers bei wachem Geiste gesprochen wurde.",
|
51 |
+
"Ist Jemand in Zweifel, ob er das ยปHรถre Israelยซ rezitiert, oder nicht,โ so tue er es abermals, nebst den dazu gehรถrigen vorhergehenden und nachfolgenden Segenssprรผchen. Ist er aber รผberzeugt, das eigentliche ยปHรถre Israelยซ gesagt zu haben und zweifelt nur in Bezug auf die Segenssprรผche, so wiederhole er dieselben nicht. โ Macht jemand einen Fehler im Rezitativ, so fange er wieder da an, wo das Versehen geschehen. Verlor er dagegen den Faden im Abschnitt und weiร nicht, welchen der Abschnitte er beendet, oder bei welchem er wieder anfangen mรผsse, so beginne er von Neuem beim ersten, d. h. bei ยปUnd du sollst lieben den Ewigen, deinen Gott ืึฐืึธืึทืึฐืชึธึผ ืึตืช ืื ืึฑืึนืึถืืึธยซ.",
|
52 |
+
"Geschah das Versehen in der Mitte eines Abschnitts so, dass der Rezitierende nicht ermitteln kann, wo er stehen geblieben ist, so beginne er beim Anfang des Abschnittes. War er beim Worte ยปschreibt ืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึธึผืยซ und weiร nicht, ob dieses das ยปschreibtยซ vom ersten oder vom zweiten Abschnitte gewesen ist, so nehme er an, es habe zum ersten gehรถrt, โ steigt ihm aber der Zweifel erst auf, nachdem er den Vers: ยปDamit Eure Tage sich mehrenยซ gelesen, so braucht er den Abschnitt nicht wieder von vorne zu beginnen, indem er sich dann auf die unwillkรผrliche Gewohnheit des Rezitierens verlassen kann.",
|
53 |
+
"Begegnet jemand beim Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ โ zwischen den Abschnitten, โ einer ihm Ehrfurcht einflรถรenden Person, z. B., seinem Vater, Lehrer, oder dergleichen, so kann er sich unterbrechen, um den Friedensgruร zu bieten, oder, falls der ihm Begegnende ein Gleichgestellter ist, โ zu erwidern.",
|
54 |
+
"Findet die Begegnung aber statt, wรคhrend der Rezitierende sich noch mitten im Abschnitt befindet, so unterbreche er sich, um den Friedensgruร zu bieten, nur in dem Falle, wenn die ihm begegnende Person eine solche ist, deren Macht er zu fรผrchten hat, z. B. ein Kรถnig; โ ist es aber sein Vater, Lehrer oder sonst eine ehrwรผrdige Person, so unterbreche er sich nur, um den Gruร zu erwidern.",
|
55 |
+
"Unter ยปzwischen den Abschnittenยซ, wird verstanden: zwischen der ersten und zweiten Segensformel vor dem ยปHรถre Israelยซ, zwischen der zweiten und dem eigentlichen ยปHรถre Israelยซ, โ zwischen letzterem und dem ยปUnd es wird geschehen, wenn du gehorchstยซ, โ ferner, zwischen diesem und dem: ยปUnd es sprachยซ. Zwischen allen diesen Abschnitten muss man denen, welchen man Ehrfurcht schuldig, den Friedensgruร bieten und denselben jedem Grรผรenden erwidern. Zwischen ยปund es sprachยซ und dem ยปwahr und festยซ hingegen, ist als die Mitte des Abschnittes zu betrachten (Jer. 10:10), wo es nur gegen Diejenigen gestattet ist den Friedensgruร zu bieten, deren Macht man zu fรผrchten hat und denselben denen, die uns Ehrfurcht einflรถรen, nur zu erwidern verpflichtet ist."
|
56 |
+
],
|
57 |
+
[
|
58 |
+
"Wer das ยปHรถre Israelยซ liest, hat sich vorher die Hรคnde zu waschen (gemein ist das morgendliche ื ืืืืช ืืืืื) . Sollte aber um die vorgeschriebene Lesezeit (vor dem Sonnenaufgang) zufรคllig kein Wasser in der Nรคhe sein, so versรคumeโ man diese Zeit nicht, um erst Wasser zu holen, sondern wische sich mit dem ersten besten sรคubernden Gegenstande die Hรคnde rein und rezitiere darauf den Spruch.",
|
59 |
+
"Das ยปHรถre Israelยซ darf weder im Bad (wegen Nacktheit), noch auf einer Toilette rezitiert werden, auch wenn sich dort keine Exkremente befinden. Ebenfalls auf keinem Friedhof, oder รผberhaupt in der Nรคhe einer Leiche (wegen Unreinheit). Vier Ellen (2m) jedoch von denselben entfernt, ist das Lesen gestattet. Wer aber an einem vorschriftswidrigen Orte rezitiert, muss dasselbe an einem zulรคssigen wiederholen.",
|
60 |
+
"Wenn eine Toilette neu errichtet aber noch nicht benutzt wurde, kann das ยปHรถre Israelยซ vor dieser gelesen werden, aber nicht darin. In einem neuen Badehaus kann das ยปHรถre Israelยซ gelesen werden. Wenn eines von zwei Zimmern zur Toilette bestimmt wurde und der Besitzer sagte auf das zweite Zimmer zeigend: ยปUnd dies ืึฐืึถืยซ, so ist es zweifelhaft ob er auch dasselbe dafรผr bestimmte. Also sollte man das ยปHรถre Israelยซ dort nicht absichtlich lesen, aber wer dies getan, hat seine Pflicht erfรผllt.Wenn der Besitzer den Satz ยปDies auch ืึฐืึทื ืึถืยซ aussprach, gelten beide Gebรคude als Toiletten und das ยปHรถre Israelยซ kann auch nicht gesprochen werden. Es ist erlaubt, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ im Innenhof eines Badehauses zu lesen, das bedeutet, an dem Ort, an dem Menschen gekleidet sind.",
|
61 |
+
"Nicht nur die Abschnitte des ยปHรถre Israelยซ, sondern alles, was zu heiligen Dingen gehรถrt, darf nicht in einem Badehaus oder auf einer Toilette ausgesprochen werden, selbst nicht in einer sรคkularen Sprache. Nicht nur das Sprechen ist verboten, sogar das stille Nachdenken รผber die Worte der Tora in einer Latrine, in einem Badehaus oder an einem unreinen Ort, an dem Kot oder Urin sind, ist ebenfalls verboten.",
|
62 |
+
"Weltliche Angelegenheiten dรผrfen in einer Latrine gesprochen werden, sogar in der heiligen (Hebrรคischen) Sprache. So kรถnnen auch die Ausdrรผcke, die verwendet werden, um die gรถttlichen Eigenschaften auszudrรผcken, wie โBarmherzigโ, โGnรคdigโ, โTreuโ usw., in einer Latrine gesagt werden. Dagegen die Namen Gottes, die nicht gelรถscht werden dรผrfen, dรผrfen nicht in einer Latrine oder in einem Badehaus verwendet werden, das benutzt worden ist. Wenn es jedoch in einem Badehaus oder in einer Latrine Gelegenheit gibt seinen Nรคchsten von der รbertretung eines Verbotes abzuhalten, dann soll er ihn abhalten, selbst in heiliger Sprache und selbst in Angelegenheit heiliger Dinge.",
|
63 |
+
"Es ist verboten, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ zu lesen, wenn der Kot von Menschen, Hunden oder Schweinen sich in der Nรคhe befindet, auch wenn Tierhรคute (zum Gerben) in sie eingetaucht sind, oder ein anderer Schmutz, der einen ebenso รผblen Geruch verbreitet wie diese. Ebenso in der Nรคhe von menschlichem Urin. Wo jedoch der Urin eines Tieres in der Nรคhe ist, darf das ยปHรถre Israelยซ gelesen werden. Wenn ein Kleinkind, das eine Getreidemenge von der Grรถรer einer Olive nicht verzehren kann, in der Zeit, in der ein Erwachsener eine Getreidemenge die drei Eiern (150 cm3) verzehrt, dann besteht keine Notwendigkeit, sich von seinem Kot oder Urin wegzubewegen (weil es noch nicht als ekelhaft gilt).",
|
64 |
+
"Wenn Kot so trocken wie Tรถpferware ist, ist es verboten das ยปHรถre Israelยซ in seiner Nรคhe zu lesen. Wenn es trockener ist als Tรถpferware, so dass es beim Wegschleudern zerbrรถckelt, dann wird es als Staub angesehen und das ยปHรถre Israelยซ darf in seiner Nรคhe gelesen werden. In der Nรคhe von Urin, welches der Boden aufgesaugt, und immer noch eine Hand benetzt, wenn sie den Fleck berรผhrt, darf das ยปHรถre Israelยซ nicht gelesen werden. Wird die Hand nicht benetzt, darf ยปHรถre Israelยซ gelesen werden.",
|
65 |
+
"Wie weit muss man sich von Kot oder Urin entfernen, um das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen zu dรผrfen? Vier Ellen (2m). Dies gilt fรผr den Fall, dass sich diese hinter oder neben Jemandem befinden. Aber wenn sie vor ihm sind, muss er sich so weit entfernen, dass er sie nicht mehr sieht und dann darf er das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen.",
|
66 |
+
"Diese Regel ist dann gรผltig, wenn er sich in einem Raum und auf derselben Ebene mit diesen Dingen befindet. Wenn es dort einen Ort gibt, der zehn Handbreit (80 cm) hรถher oder niedriger ist, als das Niveau der Dinge, dann kann er neben ihnen (Kot, Urin) sitzen und das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen, weil sie als getrennt von ihm gelten. Dies gilt, vorausgesetzt, dass kein รผbler Geruch ihn erreicht. Wenn er den Kot oder das Urin mit einem Gefรคร bedeckt hat, werden sie, obwohl sie noch im Raum sind, als begraben angesehen und das ยปHรถre Israelยซ kann ungeachtet ihres Vorhandenseins gelesen werden.",
|
67 |
+
"Wenn man durch eine Glastrennung vom Kot getrennt ist, auch wenn der Kot durch das Glas noch sichtbar ist, darf das ยปHรถre Israelยซ gelesen werden. Hat man ein Viertel Log (75 cm3) Wasser auf den Urin gegossen, so kann das ยปHรถre Israelยซ im Abstand von vier Ellen davon rezitiert werden.",
|
68 |
+
"Befindet sich der Kot in einer Mulde im Boden, kann man mit der Sandale die Mulde bedecken und das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen, vorausgesetzt, die Sandale kommt nicht in Kontakt mit dem Kot. Ist der Kot winzig wie ein Tropfen, so spucke man dicken Speichel darauf, bis er bedeckt ist und lese darauf das ยปHรถre Israelยซ. Befand sich ein Kotspritzer auf seiner Haut beschmiert und gab keinen schlechten Geruch von sich, weil es zu klein oder zu trocken war, dann ist das Lesen von ยปHรถre Israelยซ gestattet. Befindet sich Kot am Anus, obwohl beim Stehen nicht sichtbar, dagegen sichtbar beim Sitzen, so ist das rezitieren von ยปHรถre Israelยซ verboten, bis man sich grรผndlich gereinigt hat, weil der Kot feucht ist und einen schlechten Geruch hat.Viele Gaonim haben entschieden, dass es verboten ist, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ zu lesen, wenn die Hรคnde unrein sind und es ist richtig dieser Entscheidung zu folgen.",
|
69 |
+
"Wo ein รผbelriechender Geruch von einer Substanz ausgeht, muss man sich bis zu vier Ellen weit wegbewegen und dann kann man das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen, sofern der Geruch aufgehรถrt hat. Wenn der Geruch noch wahrnehmbar ist, muss man sich weiter entfernen, wo er nicht mehr wahrnehmbar ist. Geht der Geruch nicht von einer Substanz aus, z.B. wer von unten Luft ablรคsst, dann entferne man sich von ihm, bis der Geruch aufhรถrt. Das ยปHรถre Israelยซ darf nicht vor einer Kloake oder vor einem Nachttopf rezitiert werden, auch wenn diese leer sind und keinen Geruch abgeben, trotzdem werden sie als Latrine angesehen.",
|
70 |
+
"Wenn Kot in Bewegung ist, zum Beispiel, wenn er auf der Wasseroberflรคche schwimmt, ist es verboten in seiner Nรคhe das ยปHรถre Israelยซ zu lesen. Der Mund eines Schweins gilt als sich bewegender Schmutz (weil es im Dreck suhlt), deshalb es ist verboten ihm gegenรผber das ยปHรถre Israelยซ zu lesen, bis man das Schwein vier Ellen weit von sich entfernt.",
|
71 |
+
"Wenn einer, wรคhrend des Gehens das ยปHรถre Israelยซ liest und an einen Ort gelangt, an dem sich Schmutz befindet, sollte er seine Hand nicht auf den Mund legen und weiterlesen, sondern er muss innehalten, bis er den Ort passiert hat. Stรถรt der Lesende Luft von unten aus, so unterbreche er bis der Gestank verhallt und setze dann sein Lesen fort. Das gleiche fรผr die Worte der Tora. Stรถรt sein Nรคchster Luft von unten aus, so unterbreche man zwar da Lesen des ยปHรถre Israelยซ, die Worte der Tora unterbreche man aber nicht.",
|
72 |
+
"Falls man beabsichtigt, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ in einem Raum zu lesen und Zweifel darรผber erwachen, ob Kot oder Urin darin ist oder nicht, dann darf man lesen. Wenn jemand auf einem Abfallhaufen steht und er Zweifel hat, ob dort Kot ist, darf er nicht lesen, bis er es nachgesehen hat. Die Annahme im Falle eines Abfallhaufens ist, dass es sich dabei um einen Ort handelt an dem Kot ist. Wenn es nur daran Zweifel gibt, ob dort Urin ist, kann er lesen.",
|
73 |
+
"So wie das ยปHรถre Israelยซ nicht an einem Ort gelesen werden kann, an dem Kot oder Urin ist, bis man sich entfernt hat entfernt hat, ist es verboten, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ in Gegenwart irgendeiner Person zu lesen, auch Nichtjude oder Kind, deren Nacktheit ืขึถืจึฐืึธื freigelegt ist, auch wenn eine Glastrennung sie voneinander trennt, bis er sein Gesicht abwendet. Da man in der Lage ist, es zu sehen, darf man das ยปHรถre Israelยซ nicht lesen, es sei denn, man wendet sein Gesicht ab. Jeder Kรถrperteil einer Frau gilt als Nacktheit. Daher darf man beim Lesen des ยปHรถre Israelยซ nicht auf den Kรถrper einer Frau blicken, selbst wenn es die eigene Frau ist. Und wenn eine Handbreite eines Teils ihres Kรถrpers freigelegt wird, darf man das ยปHรถre Israelยซ in ihrer Nรคhe nicht lesen, auch wenn man den Kรถrperteil nicht anschaut.",
|
74 |
+
"Und so wie es verboten ist, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ in Gegenwart der Nacktheit anderer Menschen zu lesen, so ist es jedem verboten in Gegenwart seiner eigenen Nacktheit zu lesen bis man sie bedeckt. Wenn man seine Lenden mit einem Gรผrtel aus Stoff, Haut oder Sackleinen bedeckt, kann man das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen, auch wenn der Rest des Kรถrpers unbedeckt ist, vorausgesetzt, dass die Ferse nicht seine privaten Teile berรผhrt. Liegt er unter einer Decke und ist nackt, sollte er die Decke dicht unter sein Herz ziehen und dann das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen (der oberen Teil des Kรถrpers muss vom unteren Teil getrennt sein). Aber man soll es nicht um den Hals ziehen und lesen, weil sein Herz die Nacktheit sieht und er gelten wรผrde wie Jemand, der das ยปHรถre Israelยซ rezitiert, ohne einen Gรผrtel zu tragen.",
|
75 |
+
"Wenn zwei Personen unter einer Decke liegen, kann keine von ihnen das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen, auch wenn man die Decke eng unter sein Herz zieht, es sei denn, die Decke ist so gemacht, dass sie die beiden voneinander trennt, so dass ihre Kรถrper sich, von den Lenden abwรคrts, nicht berรผhren. Wenn ein Mann mit seiner Frau, kleinen Kindern oder anderen jรผngeren Mitgliedern seines Haushalts schlรคft, sind ihre Kรถrper wie sein Kรถrper und er verspรผrt keine Erregung von ihnen. Selbst wenn sein Kรถrper sie berรผhrt, wendet er sich ab, zieht die Decke dicht unter sein Herz und liest dann das ยปHรถre Israelยซ.",
|
76 |
+
"Bis zu welchem Alter werden sie in dieser Hinsicht als Kleinkinder betrachtet? Ein Junge in dieser Hinsicht bis zum Alter von zwรถlf Jahren und einem Tag; ein Mรคdchen, bis sie elf Jahre und einen Tag alt ist. Und nur dann, wenn sie die Spuren der Pubertรคt haben: Brรผste und Haare am Kรถrper (Jechezkel 16:7). In diesem Fall kann man das ยปHรถre Israelยซ nicht lesen, es sei denn, sie sind durch eine Decke voneinander getrennt. Wenn sie noch nicht so kรถrperlich entwickelt sind, kann er das ยปHรถre Israelยซ lesen, auch wenn ihr Fleisch sein Fleisch berรผhrt und es ist keine Trennung erforderlich, bis das mรคnnliche Kind das Alter von dreizehn Jahren und einem Tag erreicht hat und das weibliche Kind zwรถlf Jahre alt ist Jahre und einen Tag alt."
|
77 |
+
],
|
78 |
+
[
|
79 |
+
"Frauen, Knechte und Minderjรคhrige, sind vom Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ befreit, jedoch gewรถhnt man die Kinder, es zur vorschriftsmรครigen Zeit zu rezitieren, wie auch die vorangehenden und nachfolgenden Segensformeln zu sprechen, um sie dadurch an die Erfรผllung der Gebote zu gewรถhnen. Diejenigen, die durch irgendetwas zerstreut und in anderweitiger dringender Pflichterfรผllung zu sehr in Anspruch genommen werden, sind wรคhrend dieser Zeit von allen Geboten und folglich auch vom Hersagen des ยปHรถre Israelยซ befreit.Daher ist ein Brรคutigam, der eine Jungfrau geheiratet hat, vom Lesen des ยปHรถre Israelยซ ausgenommen, bis er den Beischlaf vollzogen hat. Sein Geist ist solange befangen ist bis er herausgefunden ob sie eine Jungfrau sei oder nicht. Wenn jedoch der Beischlaf bis in die Nacht nach dem Schabbat nach der Hochzeit verschoben wurde, ist es seine Pflicht, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ von dieser Nacht an zu lesen, da sein Geist ruhig geworden ist und er seine Braut bereits kennt.",
|
80 |
+
"Heiratet man jedoch eine Frau, die zu dieser Zeit keine Jungfrau mehr ist, ist es Pflicht, das ยปHรถre Israelยซ zu lesen. Es gibt keinen besonderen Umstand, der einen ablenken kรถnnte. Das gleiche Prinzip gilt fรผr รคhnliche Fรคlle.",
|
81 |
+
"Wer einen Toten zu beklagen hat, ist ebenfalls bis zur Beerdigung desselben vorn Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ befreit, weil sein Geist befangen ist; โ hรคlt jemand Wache bei einem Toten, seiโs selbst bei einem Fremden, so befreit ihn dies ebenfalls vom Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ. โ Waren jedoch der Totenwรคchter zwei, โ so ist ihnen gestattet, sich abwechselnd zur Rezitation von der Leiche zu entfernen. โ Wer bei dem Graben einer Totengruft beschรคftigt ist, wird gleichfalls vom Rezitieren befreit.",
|
82 |
+
"Die Leiche darf nicht zur Beerdigung entfernt werden, um die zur Rezitation des ยปHรถre Israelยซ vorschriftsmรครig anberaumte Zeit, es sei denn, dass der Verstorbene von vornehmen Stand gewesen. Sollte aber irgendein Leichenzug sich bis zur gesetzlichen Zeit verzรถgert haben, so sind wรคhrend letzterer, sowohl alle beim Leichenzuge beschรคftigten Trรคger, wie auch die sie Ablรถsenden, sie mรถgen sich vor oder hinter der Bahre befinden, vom Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ befreit, โ die รbrigen dagegen, haben dieser Pflicht nachzukommen.",
|
83 |
+
"Die sich bei einer Leichenrede als Zuhรถrer befindenden Personen, falls die Lesezeit eingetroffen und die Leiche vor ihnen liegt, haben sich einzeln zum Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ zu entfernen und dann zu den รผbrigen Zuhรถrern zurรผckzukehren. War die Leiche dagegen nicht vor ihnen ausgestellt, so rezitiere die ganze Versammlung. Die Leidtragenden aber sitzen schweigend, weil sie vor der Beerdigung vom Rezitieren befreit sind.",
|
84 |
+
"Kehren die Leidtragenden von der Beerdigung heim, um die Beileidsbezeigungen zu empfangen, wobei alle Anwesenden sich in Reih und Glied aufstellen, und dieses fรคllt um die Lesezeit, โ so beginne man das Rezitieren nur in dem Falle, wenn man glaubt, noch vor der Bildung der sich aufstellenden Reihe, wenigstens einen Vers beenden zu kรถnnen. Wo nicht, so statte man erst die Beileidsbezeugungen ab und rezitiere das ยปHรถre Israelยซ erst nach Beendigung derselben. Sollte sich die Reihe schon gebildet haben, so sind diejenigen, die der Leidtragenden ansichtig werden kรถnnen, vom Lesen befreit, die รbrigen aber dazu verpflichtet, da sie die Leidtragenden doch nicht sehen kรถnnen.",
|
85 |
+
"Wer vom Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ befreit ist, darf, wenn er streng seiner Pflicht nachkommen will, solches dennoch tun, doch nur in dem Falle, dass sein Geistโ โvon aller Zerstreuung frei ist โ ist Letzteres nicht der Fall, so ist ihm nicht erlaubt frรผher zu lesen, als bis er sich wieder gesammelt.",
|
86 |
+
"Jeder Unreine ist zum Rezitieren des ยปHรถre Israelยซ, verpflichtet und hat dabei sowohl die vorangehenden, wie auch die nachfolgenden Segenssprรผche im Zustande seiner Unreinheit ืืึผืืึธื zu sprechen, obgleich er noch am selbigen Tage (durch die Mikwe) rein werden kรถnne, so z. B. derjenige, der ein kriechendes Tier berรผhrt, eine Frau in der Zeit der Menstruation oder Jemanden, der einen Ausfluss hatte, oder die Liege, auf der jemand von ihnen gelegen hat, usw. Esra und sein Gericht haben bestimmt, dass nur einer, der einen Ausfluss hatte โ als Ausnahme unter allen unreinen Kategorien โ die Worte der Tora nicht lesen kรถnne, bis er rituell gebadet hat. Diese Verordnung wurde nicht allgemein angenommen. Die Mehrheit der Menschen konnte es nicht beachten und es kam auรer Gebrauch. Dementsprechend hatten alle Israeliten den Brauch, die Tora zu lesen und das ยปHรถre Israelยซ zu rezitieren, obwohl sie Ausfluss hatten;โ denn die Worte der Tora sind nicht empfรคnglich fรผr die Unreinheit, sondern bleiben ewig rein."
|
87 |
+
]
|
88 |
+
],
|
89 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
90 |
+
"Chapter",
|
91 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
92 |
+
]
|
93 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967.json
ADDED
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{
|
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+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH002108864",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967",
|
6 |
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"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"priority": 1.0,
|
8 |
+
"digitizedBySefaria": true,
|
9 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื ืืืจืืืดื, ื ืขืจื ืืืื ืคืืืืค ืืืจื ืืืื, ื ืื ืืืจืง 1967",
|
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"shortVersionTitle": "Philip Birnbaum, 1967",
|
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"purchaseInformationImage": "https://storage.googleapis.com/sefaria-physical-editions/0ed78999cb3decaa951b6fcd3765f9c1.png",
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"actualLanguage": "en",
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"languageFamilyName": "english",
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"isBaseText": false,
|
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"isSource": false,
|
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"direction": "ltr",
|
17 |
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข",
|
18 |
+
"categories": [
|
19 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
20 |
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"Mishneh Torah",
|
21 |
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"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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],
|
23 |
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"text": [
|
24 |
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[
|
25 |
+
"",
|
26 |
+
"",
|
27 |
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"",
|
28 |
+
"Anyone reciting the <i>Shema</i> inserts a sentence between the first verse and the rest of the biblical passage, saying in a low tone: \"Blessed be the name of his glorious majesty forever and ever.\" Then he goes on to say: \"You shall love the Lord your Godโฆ\" to the end. Why is the <i>Shema</i> recited in this manner? We have it on tradition that when our father Jacob was about to die in Egypt, he gathered his sons about him and exhorted them concerning the Oneness of God and the uprightness of Abraham and Isaac who followed the way of God. Then he asked them, saying: \"My sons, is there one among you with a defect, who is not with me in believing in One God?\" They all replied: \"Hear, O Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is One.\" They meant to say: \"Israel our father, hear our confession of faith: the Lord is our God, the Lord is One.\" The aged patriarch uttered thereupon: \"Blessed be the name of his glorious majesty forever and ever.\" Hence it is a custom in Israel to insert the praise of patriarch Israel immediately after the first verse of the <i>Shema</i>."
|
29 |
+
],
|
30 |
+
[
|
31 |
+
"",
|
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+
"",
|
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"",
|
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"",
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"",
|
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+
"โ โ One should recite the <i>Shema</i> audibly enough for himself to hear; if he has not done so, he has not fulfilled his obligation. He should enunciate the letters distinctly; if he has not done so, he has done his duty nevertheless.",
|
39 |
+
"How should one enunciate the letters clearly?โ โ One should pause between words which are likely to be jumbled together, between two identical letters with which one word ends and the immediately following one begins, as in the phrase <i>b'khol l'vavkha</i>. A pause should be made after <i>b'khol</i> before reading the word <i>l'vavkha</i>. Similarly, <i>va'avadtem m'herah, ha-kanaf p'thil</i>. So too, the <i>zayin</i> in <i>tizkeru</i> should be pronounced distinctly. One should draw out the <i>da-leth</i> in <i>eแธฅad</i> long enough to acclaim God as King in heaven and on earth, and toward the four cardinal points of the compass. One must not slur over the <i>แธฅeth</i> in <i>eแธฅad</i>, lest the word might sound <i>ee แธฅad</i> (not one).",
|
40 |
+
"A person may recite the <i>Shema</i> in any language he knows. He must carefully avoid blunders in whatever language he happens to recite the <i>Shema</i>, and must try to be as accurate in that language as he would have to be in the sacred tongue."
|
41 |
+
]
|
42 |
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],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
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"Chapter",
|
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"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json
ADDED
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
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{
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"language": "en",
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema",
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"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
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"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
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"license": "CC0",
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืจืืื ืงืืืืช ืกืคืจืื",
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"actualLanguage": "en",
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"languageFamilyName": "english",
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"isBaseText": false,
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"isSource": false,
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"direction": "ltr",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข",
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"categories": [
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"Halakhah",
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"Mishneh Torah",
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"Sefer Ahavah"
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],
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"text": [
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[
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"Twice a day one recites the Shema, in the morning and in the evening as it says \"while you lie down and while you get up\" (Deuteronomy 6:7). [This means] that the time when people generally lie down is night, and the time when people generally arise is day.",
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"What does one recite? [There are] three sections, and they are: \"Shema\" (Deuteronomy 6:4-9), \"If ye shall hearken\" (Deuteronomy 11:13-21), and \"And the Lord spoke\" (Numbers 15:37-41). One begins with the section \"Shema\" because it has in it of the unity of God, loving Him, and learning [of Torah], which is the greatest essence on which everything depends. After [the Shema], \"If ye shall hearken\" [is next] as in is the commandment of the rest of the commandments, and after thus is the portion [referring to] the fringes, that also have in it the commandment of remembering all the commandments.",
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"Even though the commandment of wearing fringes does not apply at night, one reads the passage [concerning it] because it has a reminder of the Exodus from Egypt. It is a commandment to recite the Exodus from Egypt as it is stated, \"So that you will remember the Exodus from Egypt all the days of your life\" (Deuteronomy 16:3). These three sections ordered as such form the recitation of the Shema.",
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"While reading the Shema, when one finishes the first verse, one says quietly, 'Blessed is the name of the glory of His kingdom forever\". Then one reads as normal, \"And you will love the Lord, your God...\" (Deuteronomy 6:5-9). Why does one read as such? Our tradition says that Jacob the Patriarch, nearing death, gathered his sons in Egypt and commanded them urgently concerning God's unity, and the path of God that Abraham and Isaac, Jacob's father, has walked. He asked them, \"My sons, could it be that among you is a lowlife, who does not stand with me concerning God's Unity?\" This is similar to when Moses our Teacher said to us, \"Lest there is among you a man or woman...\"(Deuteronomy 29:17). The brothers all answered, \"Hear, O Israel, God is our Lord, God is one\". That is to say: Listen to us our Father, Israel, God is our Lord, God is one. The elder said, \"Blessed is the name of the glory of His kingdom forever\". Therefore, all Jews out of custom say the praise that Israel the Elder said after this verse. ",
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"When reading the Shema, one blesses before reading and after. During the day, one says two blessings before and one after. During the night, one says two blessing before and two after.",
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"The first blessing before the Shema during the day is, \"Who creates the light and fashions the darkness\". The second blessing is, \"Of unending love, you loved us\". The blessing said after the Shema during the day is, \"True and immutable\". The first blessing before the Shema at night is, \"Who brings on the evening\". The second blessing is, \"The unending love of Your people the House of Israel\". The first blessing after the Shema at night is, \"True and faithful\". The second blessing is, \"Lay us down\".",
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"The first blessing that is before the recitation, whether day or night, starts and ends with \"Blessed\". The rest of the blessings end with, \"Blessed\"; none of them begin with \"Blessed\". These blessings along with the rest of the arranged blessings known to the Jews were amended by Ezra the Scribe and his court. No one is permitted to shorten them or lengthen them. Anywhere that they amended to end with \"Blessed\", no one is permitted to not end [with it]. Anywhere that they amended to not end with \"Blessed\", no one is permitted to end [with it]. Anywhere that they amended to not begin with \"Blessed\", no one is permitted to begin [with it]. Anywhere that they amended to begin [with \"Blessed\"], no one is permitted to not begin [with it]. The basic rule of the matter is whoever changes the set order of blessings that the Sages established, indeed they have made a mistake and must return and say the blessing as proscribed. Anyone who does not say \"True and immutable\" in the morning prayers and \"True and faithful\" in the evening prayers has not fulfilled their duties. ",
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"One who says the second blessing first, whether during the day or the night, or whether concerning the blessings before [the Shema] or the blessings after, has fulfilled [the commandment], as there is no set order of blessings. If, during the morning prayers, one begins with \"Who creates the light\", and ends with \"Who brings on the evening\", one has not fulfilled [the commandment]. But if one begins with \"Who brings on the evening\" and ends with \"Who creates the light\", one has fulfilled [the commandment]. If, during the evening prayers, one begins with \"Who brings on the evening\" and ends with \"Who creates the light\", one has not fulfilled [the commandment]. If one begins with \"Who creates the light\" and ends with \"Who brings on the evening\", one has fulfilled [the commandment] as all blessings are lead by the ending [blessing]. ",
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"What is the time of the recitation of the Shema at night? The commandment is from the emergence of the stars until [halakhic] midnight. If one transgresses by delaying, one [may] say until dawn to fulfill the duty. The [Sages] stated until midnight so that one is kept from delinquent tardiness.",
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"One who says the recitation of the Shema for the evening service after dawn [but] before sunrise has not fulfilled their duty, unless they were compromised [to not do it until then], such as a drunk or ill person, and so on. A compromised person who says [the Shema] then does not say \"Lay us down\".",
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"When is the time during the day for the commandment [of the Shema]? One should start to recite before sunrise so that one can conclude reciting and bless the last blessing with the sunrise. This measure is as a tenth of an hour before the sun rises. If one delays and recites the Shema after the sun rises, one fulfills the duty. The period is until three hours into the day for one to transgresses by delaying.",
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"One who begins to recite the morning Shema after dawn although finishes before the sun rises has fulfilled the duty. In time of pressure such as an early riser for travel, one can recite from the onset of dawn. ",
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"One who says [the Shema] after three [halakhic] hours into the days has not fulfilled their duty of the recitation of the Shema at its appointed time, even when compromised. Indeed, it is as if one who reads Torah. One who delays and says [the Shema] after three hours should still say the blessings before and after. "
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],
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[
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"He who reads the Shema and does intend [to do so with] his heart in the first verse, i.e. \"Hear Israel\", does not fulfill his duty [to do so]. For the rest, if he does not intend with his heart, he fulfills [his duty]. Even if he was reading Torah in his [general] way or was proofreading these sections [in the Shema] at the appointed time of recitation, he has fulfilled [his duty, as long as] he intends with his heart in the first verse. ",
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"Every person recites as is his way, whether standing or going, or whether lying or riding on the back of an animal. It is forbidden to recite the Shema when lying down with the face flat on the ground or lying on the back with the face facing up. But he [can] lie on his side [and recite]. If he is a man of much weight that cannot turn on his side or is sick [and also cannot turn on his side], he should lean a little to his side and recite.",
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"Someone who was walking should stand for the first verse, and the rest can be recite while he walks. If someone is sleeping, [others] should disturb him until he recites the first verse. From here onward if sleeps forces him [from saying the rest], he should not be disturbed. ",
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"Someone who was busy in work [must] cease until he recites the entire first portion. Craftsmen too must cease their work in [the recitation of] the first portion so that their recitation is not [said] casually. The remainder [can] be recited while he is busy in his work, even [when] at the top of a tree or on the top of a wall. [They] may recite in such a place and bless before and after it.",
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"Someone who was busy in study of Torah and the time of the recitation of the Shema arrives, stops and reads and bless before and after it. Someone who was busy in the needs of the public does not stop, [but rather] finishes his work and recites if time remains to recite.",
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"Someone who was busy eating, washing, hair cutting, working with skins, or working in a court, finishes [such activities] and afterwards recites the recitation of the Shema. If he fears that it the time for recitation could pass, [he can] stop and recite. Truly, this is praiseworthy.",
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"[For] someone who goes to use [a mikvah], if he can leave and cover himself before sunrise, he [should] leave [the mikvah], cover himself, and recite [the Shema]. If he fears that the sun will rise before he recites, he [should] cover himself with the water that he is standing in and recite. He [should] not cover himself with filthy water that has a bad smell, or in water [which is used for] soaking [flax], or in water that is clear [enough] for his nakedness to be visible in it. But [if] he covers himself in cloudy water that does not have a bad smell, he [can] recite in such a place. ",
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"Someone who says the recitation of the Shema does not hint with his eyes and does not form with his lips [a message or hint] and does not show [i.e. point to something] with his fingers, such that the recitation is [said] casually. If he does so, although he has fulfilled his duties, indeed this is indecent. He must voice [loudly enough] for his ear when he recites; if he does not voice for his ears, he has fulfilled [his duties]. He must be diligent in his pronunciation, [but] if he is not diligent, he has fulfilled [his duty].",
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"How does one be diligent [in pronunciation]? One must be careful to not say [a letter] without a dagesh [when it has] a dagesh, and to not say [letter] with a dagesh [when it does not have] a dagesh. One must not say the silent sheva or silence the said sheva. Therefore, one must allow a space between [two words which are phonologically] connected, between two similar letters, that one of which ends a word and the other is the beginning of a word after it. For example, \"Bekhol Levavkha\", one should read \"Bekhol\", pause, and then say \"Levavkha\". Also, [one should do the same with] \"VaAvadtem Meherah\" and \"HaKanaf Ptil\". One must emphazise the Zayin in \"Tizkeru\" and lengthen the Dalet in \"Ehad\" in order to crown Him [recognize His crowning] in Heaven and Earth and the four winds. One must not shorten the Het [in \"Ehad\"] so that it will not be said as \"Ee Had\".",
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"A person can recite the Shema in any language that he understands. [When] reciting in another language, he [still] needs to be careful about errors [in pronunciation] and be grammatically correct in that language like he must in the holy tongue.",
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"One who is reciting incorrectly has not fulfilled [his duty]. In what context does this apply? In the order of the verses. But if one starts with sections that comes after another section, even though it is not allow, I say he has fulfilled [his duty], because they are not ordered [as such] in the Torah. One who says a verse and then says it again a second time, indeed this is improper. One who says a word and then says it again, such as saying, \"Shema Shema\", he should be silenced. ",
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"One who reads with pauses has fulfilled [his duty]. Even if he pauses section to section such that he [could] have finished all [of the Shema], he has fulfilled [his duty, as long as] he reads in order. [If] he reads nodding off [to sleep], neither awake nor falling asleep, he has fulfilled [this duty], as long as he was awake for the first verse.",
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"If there is a doubt if one recited the Shema, one [should] recite it again, blessing before and after it. But if one knew that he read it and doubts if he blessed before and after it, he [should] not recite and bless [it] again. [If] he reads and makes mistake, he should return to the place that he made a mistake. If one loses his place between portions and does not know which portion he finished and which he needs to say, returns to the first portion, which is \"And thou shalt love the LORD thy God\" (Deuteronomy 6:5).",
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"[When one] makes a mistake in the middle of a section and does not know where he stopped, [he should] return to the beginning of the section. [If one] was reading \"Ukhtavtam\", and does not know if it is the \"Ukhtavtam\" of the Shema or the \"Ukhtavtam\" in \"If ye shall hearken\" (Deuteronomy 11:13-21), [he should] return to the \"Ukhtavtam\" of the Shema. If he doubts after reciting \"That your days may be multiplied\" (Deuteronomy 11:21), does not return as on the habit of his speech he [can] continue.",
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"[One who] was reading [the Shema] and chances upon others or others chance upon him, if he was between sections, [he may] cease and greet someone that he must [do so] in his honor, such as his father or his rabbi chancing [upon him], or someone greater than him in wisdom. [He should] return a greeting to everyone that greets him.",
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"[One who] was reading [the Shema] in the middle of a section does not cease and greet someone. But [one should] greet someone whom he is afraid of, such as a king or oppressor and so on. But someone that he must [greet] in his honor such as his father or his rabbi, if [one of them] greets him, [he must] cease and return the greeting.",
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"And these are [the parts] between the sections: between the first blessing and the second, between the second and the Shema, between the Shema and \"If ye shall hearken\" (Deuteronomy 11:13-21), between \"If ye shall hearken\" and \"And..said\" (Numbers 15:35-41). Between these sections, [one may] greet out of honor and return greeting to everyone. But between \"And...said\" and \"LeEmet veyatziv\", indeed this is like the middle of a section, and [one may] not cease but to greet out of fear and return out of honor. "
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],
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[
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"If one, while walking, is reading the Shema and reaches a place where there is filth, he should not place his hand over his mouth and continue to read, but he must pause till he has passed the place. So too if one passes gas, one should pause until the smell dissipates and then he can continue reading; and the same applies to words of Torah. If one's friend passes gas, even though one must pause reading the Shema, he does not need to stop learning Torah."
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],
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[
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"Women, slaves, and young children are exempt from the recitation of the Shema. [We should] teach children to recite it at its time, and bless before and after it so as to educate them in the commandments. [If] someone had his heart occupied and hasten for [another] commandment, he is exempt from all [other] commandments and from the recitation of the Shema. Therefore, a groom who takes a virgin is exempt from the recitation of the Shema until he has relations with her, considering his mind is lacking [i.e. he has no concentration] in case he does not find her a virgin. If he tarries until Saturday night and does not have intercourse [with her], he is obligated to recite from [that] Saturday night and on, as indeed his mind is calmed and his heart knows her even though he did not have relationships.",
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"But [one who] takes the non-virgin woman, even though [he] is occupied with a commandment, [he] is obligated to recite, since he has nothing that confuses his mind, and thus it is so for similar cases.",
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"Someone who has someone die that he is obligated to mourn upon is exempt from the recitation of the Shema until he buries him because his mind is lacking [i.e. he has no concentration] to recite. If one was guarding a deceased body, even if it is not the body of his [relative], he is exempt from the recitation of the Shema. If there are two guards, one guards and the second [one] leaves to another place and recites and returns to guard, and the other leaves and recites. A digger of a grave is exempt from the recitation of the Shema.",
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"[We should] not bring out the deceased for burial near the time for the recitation of the Shema, unless he was a great man. If they started and brought [the deceased] and time for recitation arrives, and they are escorts to the deceased, any that are required for the coffin such as the bearers of the coffins and their replacements and [the replacements'] replacements, whether they were before the coffin or after the coffin, are exempt [from reciting]. The remaining [people] that escort [the body] that are not needed for the coffin are obligated.",
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"[If one] was occupied with a eulogy, and the time of recitation of Shema arrives while the deceased lays before them, one by one [they should] leave, recite, and return to [the] eulogy. [If] the deceased is absent before them, everyone recite the recitation of Shema, [but] the mourner sits and is silent as he is not obligate to recite until he buries the body.",
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"[Having] buried the deceased and the mourners returned to receive condolences, everyone goes after them from the place of the grave to the place where the mourners are to make a line to receive condolences. If the people [i.e. the non-mourners] can start and finish even one verse [of the recitation] before they arrive to the line, they [should] start. If not, they [should] not start until they consoled the mourners. After they leave them, they [should] begin to recite. One who stands in the inner line that [can] see the faces of the mourners are exempt from recitation of Shema. [Regarding] the outer [line], since they [can]not see the mourners, they are obligated in recitation of Shema in their place. ",
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"Anyone who is exempt from the recitation of the Shema, if he wants to be strict on himself to recite, [can] recite, [as long as] his mind is settled. But if [this person], exempt from reciting, was frighted and astounded, he is not permitted to recite until his mind settles. ",
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"All [those who are] impure are obligated in recitation of Shema, blessing before it and after it [while] in their impurity, even if it is possible to remove their impurities that day, such as [those who] came in contact with swarming things, [one who is] menstruating, [one who has] intermenstrual bleeding, and [wherever they] lie and so on. Ezra and his court established that man [that had] a seminal emission does not recite words of Torah and leaves from the rest of the impure [individuals] until he immerses [in a mikveh]. This establishment did not last in all of Israel, [as] there was no strength in most of the public to uphold it. Therefore it was annulled. All of Israel already practiced reading the Torah and reciting the Shema [while in the state of being] a man [that had] a seminal emission, as words of Torah do not receive impurity. Instead, they remain in their impurity forever, as it is stated, \"Is not My word like as fire? Saith the LORD\" (Jeremiah 23:29). As fire does not receive impurity, even the words of Torah do not receive impurity. [This ends] Jewish law of recitation of Shema."
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]
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],
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"sectionNames": [
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"Chapter",
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"Halakhah"
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]
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}
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/The Mishneh Torah by Maimonides. trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949.json
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{
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"language": "en",
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3 |
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema",
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+
"versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH002108865",
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"versionTitle": "The Mishneh Torah by Maimonides. trans. by Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949",
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"status": "locked",
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"priority": 2.0,
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"license": "Public Domain",
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"versionNotes": "",
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"digitizedBySefaria": true,
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื ืืืจืืืดื, ืชืืจืื ืขืดื ืืฉื ืืืืืกืื, 1937-1949",
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"shortVersionTitle": "Moses Hyamson, 1937-1949",
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"actualLanguage": "en",
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"languageFamilyName": "english",
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"isBaseText": false,
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"isSource": false,
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"direction": "ltr",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข",
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"categories": [
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+
"Halakhah",
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"Mishneh Torah",
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"Sefer Ahavah"
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],
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"text": [
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[
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"The <i>Shema</i> is read twice every day,โin the evening and in the morning, as it is said, \"and when thou liest down and when thou risest up\" (Deuteronomy 6:7), the phrases in this text meaning at the time when men are lying down, that is, at night, and at the time when they have risen, that is, by day.",
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27 |
+
"What does one read? Three sections as follows: the section beginning, \"Hear, O Israel\" (Deuteronomy 6:4-9); that commencing, \"And it shall come to pass\" (Deuteronomy 11:13-21); and that commencing, \"And the Lord spoke\" (Numbers 15:37-41). The section beginning, \"Hear, O Israel\" is recited first, because it sets forth the duties of acknowledging the Unity of God, loving Him, and studying His words. This is the great and essential matter on which all depends. Then, the passage beginning, \"And it shall come to pass\" is read, this containing a charge to fulfill all the other commandments. Finally the section concerning Fringes is read, as it also contains a charge to remember all the commandments.",
|
28 |
+
"Although the precept to wear fringes is not incumbent at night, still the section concerning this precept is recited at night, because it mentions the departure from Egypt, which it is a duty to recall by day and at night, as it is said, \"that thou mayest remember the day of thy going forth from the land of Egypt all the days of thy life\" (Deuteronomy 16:3). The reading of these three sections in this order is termed \"The reading of the <i>Shema</i>.\"",
|
29 |
+
"When reciting the <i>Shema,</i> after concluding the first verse, one repeats in a low tone the sentence, \"Blessed be the name of His glorious sovereignty for ever and ever\" and then resumes the reading of the first section in the regular order from the verse, \"And thou shalt love the Lord, thy God,โฆ\"to the end of the section. Why is the sentence above mentioned interpolated? We have a tradition that when the patriarch Jacob, residing in Egypt, gathered his sons about him, in his dying hour, he earnestly charged them concerning the Unity of God and the Way of the Lord in which Abraham and his father Isaac had walked. He questioned them, saying to them, \"Possibly, my sons, there is some one among you who is unworthy, and is not at one with me on the doctrine of the Unity of the Creator of the World,\" in the same way as our teacher Moses charged the people in the words, \"Lest there be among you a man or a woman โฆ whose heart turneth away this day\" (Deuteronomy 29:17). They all answered, \"Hear, O Israel, the Lord our God, the Lord is one.\" This means, \"Our father, Israel, hear this, our [confession of faith]: 'the Lord our God is one Lord'\". The aged patriarch then ejaculated, \"Blessed be the name of His glorious Sovereignty for ever and ever.\" Hence, all Israelites keep the custom of reciting, after the first verse of the <i>Shema,</i> the thanksgiving uttered by the Patriarch Israel.",
|
30 |
+
"Blessings are recited before the <i>Shema</i> and after it. When reading the <i>Shema</i> by day, two blessings are recited before it, and one after it. When reading it at night, two blessings are recited before, and two after it.",
|
31 |
+
"The former of the two blessings recited before the <i>Shema</i> by day, is that beginning, \"Who formest light and createst darkness.\" The latter is that beginning, \"With everlasting love hast Thou loved us.\" The blessing subsequent to the <i>Shema</i> is that beginning, \"True and Firm.\" The former of the two blessings recited <i>before</i> the <i>Shema</i> at night is that beginning, \"Who bringest on the evening twilight.\" The latter begins \"With everlasting love hast Thou loved Thy people Israel.\" The former of the blessings, recited <i>after</i> it, is that beginning, \"True and trustworthy.\" The latter, that beginning, \"Cause us to lie down [O Lord, our God, in peace.\"]",
|
32 |
+
"The first of the blessings recited before the Shema, whether by day or at night, is introduced with the formula, \"Blessed [art Thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe]\" and concludes with the formula, \"Blessed [art Thou, O Lord].\" Of the other blessings, each concludes with the formula, \"Blessed [art Thou, O Lord]\" but are not introduced with the formula, \"Blessed art Thou โฆ\" These blessings as well as all the other blessings with which all Israel are familiar were instituted by Ezra and his court and no one is permitted to take aught away from the wording or add to it. The blessings which they (Ezra and his colleagues) ordained to conclude with the formula, \"Blessed [art Thou etc.]\" may not be recited without this formula. Those which they ordained should conclude without this formula may not be recited with it. Those which they ordained not to begin with a benedictory formula, may not be begun with it. Those which they ordained should begin with it may not be begun without it. In short, whoever alters the form the Sages gave to the blessings commits an error and must recite the blessing again according to its prescribed form. Whoever does not recite the blessing beginning, \"True and firm\" in the morning, and that beginning, \"True and trustworthy\" in the evening has not fulfilled his duty.",
|
33 |
+
"If one has recited the second blessing before the first, either in the Morning or in the Evening Service, and whether the blessings thus transposed are those recited before or after the <i>Shema,</i> he has fulfilled his duty; for no order has been statutorily fixed for the blessings. If, in the morning service, one began the first blessing with the formula, \"Who createst light\" and concluded it with the formula, \"Who bringest on the evening twilight,\" he has not fulfilled his duty. But if one began with the formula, \"who bringest on the evening twilight\" and concluded with the formula, \"who createst light\" he has fulfilled his duty. Thus too, in the evening service, if one began with the formula, \"who bringest on the evening twilight\" and concluded with the formula, \"who createst light\" he has not fulfilled his duty; but if one began with the formula, \"who createst light\" and concluded with the formula, \"who bringest on the evening twilight\" he has fulfilled his duty; for the essential element in all Blessings is the Conclusion.",
|
34 |
+
"When is the time for reading the <i>Shema</i>? In the evening, the duty is correctly performed if it is read at any time from the first appearance of the stars till midnight. If one however transgressed and delayed, but read the Shema before daybreak, he has discharged the obligation. The Sages fixed midnight as the limit only in order to prevent complete violation.",
|
35 |
+
"One who reads the Evening Shema after dawn but before sunrise has not discharged his obligation, unless he had been unavoidably prevented from reading it earlier, as, for instance, if he had been inebriated or sick, etc. Anyone who unavoidably delays reading the <i>Shema</i> till this time does not recite the Blessing beginning, \"Cause us to lie down in peace.\"",
|
36 |
+
"When is the right time for reading the <i>Shema</i> by day? To observe the precept properly, one should begin reading it before sunrise, so as to conclude the recital of the Blessing after the Shema exactly at sunrise. This interval is about a tenth of an hour before the Sun rises. One who deferred reading the Shema till the Sun had risen, has discharged his obligationโthe period for reading the Shema being extended, for one who delayed, to the end of the first three hours of the day.",
|
37 |
+
"If one anticipated the hour and read the Shema of the Morning Service after dawn, he has fulfilled his duty, even if he concluded it before sunrise. In case of urgency, as for instance, when one has risen early in order to set out on a journey, he may deliberately read it before dawn.",
|
38 |
+
"If one reads the <i>Shema</i> after the first three hours of the day are gone, even though he had been unavoidably prevented from doing so earlier, he has not fulfilled the duty of reading the Shema at the right time. He is in the same category with one who reads the <i>Torah.</i> Still he recites the blessings that precede and follow it, at any part of the day, even if he delayed the reading till after the first three hours of the morning had elapsed."
|
39 |
+
],
|
40 |
+
[
|
41 |
+
"One who reads the <i>Shema</i> and does not concentrate his mind while reciting the first verseโ\"Hear, O Israel, the Lord, our God, the Lord is One,\" has not fulfilled his duty. As to the remaining verses, if he did not concentrate his mind (while reciting them), he has nevertheless fulfilled his duty. Even if he was reading the Torah in his usual course of study or examining these sections in a scroll (to ensure correctness), and read them at the prescribed time, he has fulfilled his duty, provided however that he concentrated his mind while reciting the First Verse.",
|
42 |
+
"Everyone may read the <i>Shema</i> in the ordinary posturesโstanding, walking, lying down or riding on an animal. It is forbidden to read the Shema, lying down prone with face to the ground, or lying on the back with face looking up. But one may read it while lying on one's side. An extremely corpulent person who is unable to turn on his side or one who is sick should slightly turn on his side and then recite the <i>Shema.</i>",
|
43 |
+
"A traveller, journeying on foot, must stand while reciting the first verse. The remaining verses he may read walking. A person who is asleep should be aroused when the time comes for reading the Shema, and kept awake till he has read the first verse. If after that, he is overcome by drowsiness and falls asleep, he is not to be disturbed.",
|
44 |
+
"A person, engaged in work at the time, pauses till he has read the whole of the first section. So also, artizans intermit their tasks while reciting the first section, so that their reading of the Shema shall not be perfunctory. The rest of the <i>Shema,</i> everyone reads, continuing his task in the meanwhile. Even if one is standing on the top of a tree or on a wall, he reads the <i>Shema</i> in that place, reciting there also the preceding and succeeding blessings.",
|
45 |
+
"If one was engaged in the study of the Torah and the time has come to read the <i>Shema,</i> he intermits his study, reads the <i>Shema</i> and recites the blessings before and after it. If one was engaged in public duties, he should not stop but complete them, and then read the <i>Shema</i> if there is still time to do so.",
|
46 |
+
"If one was eating, bathing, trimming his hair, turning hides in a tannery or hearing a trial in court, he finishes the matter in hand and then recites the <i>Shema.</i> If, fearing that the time for reading the <i>Shema</i> might pass, he interrupted the work on which he was engaged and read the <i>Shema,</i> he is accounted praiseworthy.",
|
47 |
+
"If one who had gone to take a ritual bath has time to come up from the bath and dress before the sun rises, he should do so and recite the <i>Shema.</i> If he feared that the sun would have risen before he was ready, he should immerse his body in the water in which he is standing and read the <i>Shema.</i> He must not do so in water so foul that it has a bad odor, nor in water that has been used for soaking flax nor in water that is so clear that the lower part of his body would be visible. But he may immerse his body in turbid water that has no offensive odor and read the <i>Shema</i> in the place where he stands.",
|
48 |
+
"While reading the <i>Shema,</i> one must not wink with the eyes, signal with the lips, or point with the fingers, so that his recital shall not be perfunctory. If he did any of these things, he has, though fulfilling his duty, been guilty of unbecoming conduct. A person should read the <i>Shema</i> so that the words are audible to himself. If he has not done so, he has nevertheless fulfilled his duty. He should enunciate the letters distinctly. If he has not done so, he has nevertheless fulfilled his duty.",
|
49 |
+
"How should care be exercised in enunciation? One should take heed not to sound a letter with a strong <i>Dagesh</i> as if it were without such a <i>Dagesh,</i> nor a letter without a strong Dagesh as though it had such a Dagesh; nor sound a letter with a <i>Sheva mobile</i> as if it were immobile, nor, vice versa, sound a letter with a <i>Sheva immobile</i> as if it were mobile. Hence also, a pause should be made between two words, where the first of the two words ends with the letter with which the one immediately following it begins. For example, in reading the words <i>Bechol levavcha,</i> a pause should be made after the word <i>Bechol,</i> before reading <i>levavcha.</i> The same practice should be observed in the case of <i>Va-avadtem meherah</i> and <i>Hacanaf pesil;</i> so too the <i>zain</i> in <i>tizkeru</i> should be pronounced distinctly. One should dwell on the <i>Daleth</i> in <i>Ehad</i> a sufficiently long interval to enable one to acclaim God as Sovereign in Heaven and on Earth and towards the four cardinal points of the compass. The <i>Heth</i> in <i>Ehad</i> should not be pronounced hurriedly, for then the word would sound <i>Ee had</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Not one.</i>.",
|
50 |
+
"A person may recite the <i>Shema</i> in any language that he understands. And if one reads the <i>Shema</i> in a secular language, he must take care to avoid errors in that language, and be as scrupulous in correctly enunciating the Shema in that language as he would be if he were reading it in the Sacred Tongue.",
|
51 |
+
"One who reads the <i>Shema,</i> but not in the correct sequence has not fulfilled his duty. This only refers to the recital of the verses out of their correct order. But if one reads a later section before the one that should have preceded it, though this is not permissible, still, in my opinion, he has fulfilled his duty, on the ground that these sections do not immediately follow each other in the Torah. To recite a verse and then reiterate it is unseemly. But if one reads a word and then repeats it, for instance, if one reads <i>Shema, Shema,</i> he is silenced.",
|
52 |
+
"One who reads the <i>Shema</i> but not continuously, has done his duty, even if he paused between the reading of one section and the next so long that he might have concluded the whole of it, provided that he reads the verses in the right order. If one reads the <i>Shema</i> when one is drowsy, not fully awake nor yet fast asleep, he has fulfilled his duty, provided that he is awake while reading the first verse.",
|
53 |
+
"If a person is in doubt whether he has read the <i>Shema</i> or not, he should read it again and recite the blessings that precede and follow it. But if one is certain that he read the <i>Shema</i> and is in doubt only whether he recited the blessings that precede and follow it, he should not read the blessings. If, while reading the <i>Shema,</i> he made a mistake, he should go back to the place where he had made the mistake. If between one section and another, he forgot and did not know which section he had completed and which he had to begin, he should go back to the first section, namely to the verse, \"Thou shalt love the Lord, thy God.\"",
|
54 |
+
"If one made a mistake in the middle of a section and does not know where he paused, he should return to the beginning of the section. If one recited the word <i>U-chesavtom</i> (\"And thou shalt write them\") and is uncertain as to whether it is the word in the first, or in the second section, he is to return to this word in the first section. But if the doubt arises after he had already read the phrase <i>Lemaan Yirbu Yemechem</i> (\"That your days may be multiplied\") he is not to go back, as it may be assumed that he has read regularly in the way his tongue is accustomed to do.",
|
55 |
+
"A person, while reading the <i>Shema,</i> met other people or was accosted by them. If at that moment, he had already concluded one section and not yet begun the next, he pauses and salutes anyone whom it is his duty to show honour to, e.g. a father, teacher, or superior in learning. And he returns the greeting of anyone who first saluted him.",
|
56 |
+
"If he was, at the time, in the middle of a section, he only pauses to salute one of whom he stands in awe, e.g. a king or a tyrannical individual, etc. And if one entitled to honour, e.g. a father or teacher, greets him first, he pauses to return the greeting.",
|
57 |
+
"The divisions between the sections are as follows: Between the first blessing and the second; between the second blessing and the <i>Shema;</i> between the first section and second section of the <i>Shema;</i> between the second and third section of the <i>Shema.</i> One reading the <i>Shema,</i> when reaching these places, greets one whom it is his duty to honour, and acknowledges the greeting of anyone who first salutes him. But the conclusion of the third section and the opening words of the subsequent blessing are regarded as the middle of a section. One may only pause there either to salute a person of whom one stands in awe or to return the greetings of a person whom it is one's duty to honour."
|
58 |
+
],
|
59 |
+
[
|
60 |
+
"Before reading the <i>Shema,</i> the reader washes his hands in water. If the time for reading has arrived, and he does not find water for the preliminary washing, he is not to delay the reading in order to search for water; but he is to wipe his hands with earth, or on anything solid, on a beam or similar object, and then he reads.",
|
61 |
+
"The <i>Shema</i> is not to be read in a bath house nor in a latrine, even if there is no ordure in it, nor in a graveyard, nor in proximity to a corpse. One is permitted to read it after moving away from the grave of a corpse to a distance of at least four cubits. If the <i>Shema</i> was read in a place where it was improper to do so, it must be read a second time.",
|
62 |
+
"Where a latrine has been newly erected but not yet used, the <i>Shema</i> may be read facing it, but not within it. In a new bath house, the <i>Shema</i> may be read. Where one of two buildings was set apart as a latrine, and the owner said of the second building, \"And this\", it is doubtful whether the latter has also been appropriated to the same use as the former, or not. Hence one may not deliberately read the <i>Shema</i> there, but whoever has done so has fulfilled his duty. If the owner uttered the phrase, \"This too\", both buildings are deemed to have been set apart as latrines, and the <i>Shema</i> may not be read in either. It is permitted to read the <i>Shema</i> in the courtyard of a bath house, i.e. in the place where people stand about, clothed.",
|
63 |
+
"Not only the sections of the <i>Shema,</i> but anything that appertains to things sacred may not be uttered in a bath house or latrine, even in a secular language. It is forbidden to speak there of such topics. Even to meditate silently on the words of the Torah in a latrine, in a bath house, or in any unclean place that contains ordure or urine, is also prohibited.",
|
64 |
+
"Secular matters may be discussed in a latrine, even in the Sacred (Hebrew) language. Thus also, the terms used to express the Divine Attributes, such as \"Merciful\", \"Gracious\", \"Faithful\", etc., may be uttered in a latrine. But the Proper Names of the Deityโwhich may not be erasedโmust not be uttered in a latrine or in a bath house that had been used. If, however, there is occasion in a bath house or latrine, to restrain one from what is forbidden, this should be done, even if the Sacred Tongue has to be used and the matter appertains to things sacred.",
|
65 |
+
"It is forbidden to read the <i>Shema</i> where one is facing ordures of human beings, dogs or swine, even if hides are immersed in them (for tanning), or any other filth that emits an odor as foul as these. This reading is also forbidden where one is facing human urine. But where there is urine of a beast, the <i>Shema</i> may be read in front of it. When an infant is so young that it could not consume a quantity of cereal equal in volume to an olive, in the time that it would take an adult to eat a quantity of cereal equal in volume to three eggs, there is no need to move away from its stools or urine (in order to read the <i>Shema</i>).",
|
66 |
+
"If the ordure is as dry as earthenware, the <i>Shema</i> may not be read before it. If it is drier than earthenware, so that it crumbles when flung away, it is regarded as dust, and the <i>Shema</i> may be read before it. When urine, which the ground soaked up, still wets the hand touching the spot, the <i>Shema</i> may not be read before it. Where this condition no longer obtains, the <i>Shema</i> may be read there.",
|
67 |
+
"How far must one remove from ordure or urine, to be permitted to read the <i>Shema?</i> Four cubits. This applies to the case where these are behind him or beside him. But if they are in front of him, he must move away so far that he no longer sees them, and then he reads the <i>Shema.</i>",
|
68 |
+
"This rule applies when he is in a room and on the same level with these. But if there was a place ten hand-breadths higher or lower than the level of their situation, he can stay there and read the <i>Shema,</i> there being an intervening space between him and the excretaโprovided however that no foul odor reaches him. So too, if he covered the ordure or urine with a vessel, they are regarded, though still in the room, as buried, and the <i>Shema</i> may be read notwithstanding their being there.",
|
69 |
+
"If one is separated from ordure by a glass partition even if the ordure is still visible through the glass, the <i>Shema</i> may be read near it. When a quarter of a log of water (= the volume of a hen's egg and a half) has been poured into a vessel containing urine of one micturition, the <i>Shema</i> may be recited within four cubits of it.",
|
70 |
+
"If ordure is in a hollow in the ground, one may stand with his sandal covering the hollow and read the <i>Shema,</i> provided that the sandal is not in contact with the ordure. If it is exceedingly minute, a mere drop, he expectorates thick saliva upon it till it is covered and reads the <i>Shema</i>โฆ. Many Geonim have decided that it is forbidden to read the <i>Shema</i> if the hands are unclean and it is right to follow this ruling.",
|
71 |
+
"Where a foul odor emanates from any substance, one must move away [from it] to a distance of four cubits, and then one may read the <i>Shema,</i> if the odor has ceased. If it is still perceptible, one must move to a further distance where it is no longer perceptibleโฆ. The <i>Shema</i> may not be read in front of a cesspool or before a chamberpot, even though these are empty and emit no odor, they being regarded as a latrine.",
|
72 |
+
"When filth is moving, e.g. if it is floating on the water's surface, it is forbidden to read the <i>Shema,</i> opposite it. A swine's mouth is regarded as moving filth; it is forbidden to read the <i>Shema</i> opposite it, till the swine has passed on beyond the reader's presence to a distance of four cubits.",
|
73 |
+
"If one, while walking, is reading the <i>Shema</i> and reaches a place where there is filth, he should not place his hand over his mouth and continue to read, but he must pause till he has passed the place.",
|
74 |
+
"If, when about to read the <i>Shema</i> in a room, a doubt arises in one's mind as to whether or not there is ordure or urine in it, he may read. If he is standing on a dust heap and he is in doubt as to whether there is ordure there, he is not to read till he has made an investigation, the presumption in the case of a dust heap being that it is a place where there is filth. If the doubt is as to whether there is urine there, he may read.",
|
75 |
+
"Just as the <i>Shema</i> may not be read in a place where there is ordure or urine till he has moved away [to a distance of at least four cubits], so it is forbidden to read the <i>Shema</i> in the presence of any person, even a gentile or child, whose privy parts are exposed, even though a glass partition separates him from them, unless he turns away his face. Since he is able to see, he may not read the <i>Shema,</i> unless he turns away his face. Any part of a woman's body falls under the same rule. Hence, while reading the <i>Shema,</i> one must not gaze at a woman's body, even if she is his wife. And if a hand-breadth of a part of her body [which is usually covered] is exposed, he must not read the <i>Shema</i> while facing it.",
|
76 |
+
"And just as one is forbidden to read the <i>Shema</i> in the presence of any one, the lower part of whose body is exposed, so it is forbidden for anyone to read it, who is himself in the same condition. One must accordingly not read it when nude, till he covers his nakedness. If his loins are covered with a girdle of cloth, skin or sacking, he may read the <i>Shema,</i> even though the rest of the body is uncovered, provided that (when sitting cross-legged) his heel does not touch his privy parts. If he is lying under a coverlid, and is otherwise without clothing, he should draw the coverlid closely below his heart, and then read the <i>Shema.</i> But he should not draw it about his neck and read it, for in that case there would be nothing separating his heart from the lower part of his body, and he would be in the same class with one who recites the <i>Shema</i> without wearing a girdle.",
|
77 |
+
"When two persons are lying under one coverlid, neither of them may read the <i>Shema,</i> even if he draws the coverlid closely beneath his heart, unless the coverlid is so arranged as to separate them, so that their bodies, from the loins downward, do not touch. When a man is sleeping with his wife, young children or other young members of his household, their bodies are like his, and he is not affected by contact with them. Hence, even if his body touches theirs, he turns away his face, draws the cover closely beneath his heart and then reads the <i>Shema.</i>",
|
78 |
+
"Up to what age are they, in this respect, regarded as young children? A boy, in this respect, till the age of twelve years and a day; a girl, till she is eleven years and a day old. And then only if they have the marks of pubertyโbreasts developed and hair on the body. In that case, he may not read the <i>Shema</i> unless they are separated by clothing. But if they are not physically so developed, he may read the <i>Shema,</i> even though their flesh touches his, and there is no need of separation till the male child has attained the age of thirteen years and a day, and the female child is twelve years and a day old."
|
79 |
+
],
|
80 |
+
[
|
81 |
+
"Women, slaves and children are exempt from the duty of reading the <i>Shema.</i> Children are taught to read it at the proper time; and they recite at the same time the blessings preceding and following it, so that they may be trained in the performance of religious duties. One whose mind is preoccupied and in an agitated state because of any religious duty which he has to perform is freed from the obligation of reading the <i>Shema.</i> Hence, a bridegroom who has wedded a virgin is exempted from reading the <i>Shema</i> till he has consummated the marriageโฆ. If however consummation has been deferred till the night after the Sabbath subsequent to the marriage, it is his duty to read the <i>Shema</i> from that night and onwards, as his mind has become calm and he is already familiar with his bride.",
|
82 |
+
"But if one marries a woman who was not at the time a virgin, it is his duty to read the <i>Shema,</i> there being no specific circumstance that would distract his mind. The same principle applies to similar cases.",
|
83 |
+
"He who has been bereaved of a relative for whom he has to keep the period of mourning is exempted from reading the <i>Shema</i> till he has buried the body, as his mind is not free for reading it. A watcher, even if the body is not that of a relative, is exempt from reading the <i>Shema.</i> When there are two watchers, one watches while the other withdraws to another room and reads it. Then he returns and watches while his companion withdraws and reads it. So too, one who is engaged in digging a grave for the interment of a human body is exempt, for the time being, from reading the <i>Shema.</i>",
|
84 |
+
"The body is not to be removed for burial, close to the time when the <i>Shema</i> has to be read, unless the deceased was a great man. If the funeral procession had started, and the time for reading the <i>Shema</i> arrived while the bier is being followed, those needed for [carrying] it, such as the bearers and those who relieve them as well as those by whom these in turn are relieved, are exempt from reading the <i>Shema,</i> whether they are in front of the bier or behind it. Others who follow the bier but are not needed to carry it are obliged to read the <i>Shema.</i>",
|
85 |
+
"When the people are engaged in listening to funeral addresses and the time arrives to read the <i>Shema,</i> they withdraw singly, to read the <i>Shema,</i> and return to listen to the funeral addresses that are delivered in the presence of the dead. But if the dead body is not in the place where they are gathered, all those present read the <i>Shema</i>โthe mourner however is silent as he is under no obligation to read the <i>Shema</i> till he has buried his dead.",
|
86 |
+
"After the interment, when the mourners have returned from the grave to receive condolences, and the people follow them from the grave to the spot where the mourners stand, to form a line to receive condolencesโif there is time for the people to commence and conclude the recital of at least one verse of the <i>Shema</i> before they reach the line, they should do so. Otherwise they are not to begin but should first offer their condolences to the mourners, and, after they have left them, read the <i>Shema.</i> Those who are in the interior lines and face the mourners are exempt from the duty of reading the <i>Shema;</i> but those who stand in the exterior lines, since they do not see the mourners, have the duty of reading the <i>Shema</i> where they are standing.",
|
87 |
+
"If one, exempt from reading the <i>Shema,</i> nevertheless desires to fulfill his duty strictly, and read it, he may do so, provided that his mind is free. But if such an exempted individual is in an excited state, he may not read it, till his mind is composed.",
|
88 |
+
"All who are ritually unclean are bound nevertheless to read the <i>Shema</i>; and, while still unclean, they recite the blessings that precede and succeed it, even if it is possible for them to get rid of their uncleanness, on the same day; as is the case with those who have touched a creeping thing, or touched a woman in the period of menstruation, or touched one who has a running issue, or the couch on which anyone of these has lain, etc. Ezra and his colleagues ordained that only one who had had an emissionโas an exception to all unclean classesโmay not read the words of the Torah till he has ritually bathed. This ordinance was not adopted universally. The majority of the community were unable to observe it, and it fell into desuetude. All Israelites have accordingly had the custom to read the Torah and recite the <i>Shema,</i> notwithstanding that they had had emissions. For the words of the Torah are insusceptible of defilement, but remain always pure, as it is said, \"Is it not thus, my words are like fire, saith the Lord\" (Jeremiah 23:29). Even as fire is incapable of being defiled, so the words of the Torah are insusceptible of defilement, but keep their purity forever."
|
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+
]
|
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+
],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
92 |
+
"Chapter",
|
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+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/Zachary Kleiman Mishneh Torah.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
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{
|
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+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "Original contribution",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Zachary Kleiman Mishneh Torah",
|
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+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
7 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
8 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
9 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
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+
"direction": "ltr",
|
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+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข",
|
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+
"categories": [
|
13 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
14 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
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+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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+
],
|
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+
"text": [
|
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+
[],
|
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+
[],
|
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+
[],
|
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+
[
|
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+
"Women, Slaves and minors are exempt from the obligation to read the Shema. [Nevertheless,] we teach to read it at the proper time and to bless before and after it to train them in the commandments. He whose heart is occupied and distracted over a commandments is exempt from all commandments including the recital of the Shema. Therefore, a groom who marries a virgin is exempted from reciting the Shema until he consumates the marriage because he's worried [about the possibility that] he may not find signs of virginity on her. If however it has been delayed until after the Sabbath he is obligated to read the Shema because his mind has calmed down and his heart sure of her even though they haven't yet consumated the marriage.\n"
|
23 |
+
]
|
24 |
+
],
|
25 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
26 |
+
"Chapter",
|
27 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
28 |
+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/English/merged.json
ADDED
The diff for this file is too large to render.
See raw diff
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/Hebrew/Torat Emet 370.json
ADDED
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+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://www.toratemetfreeware.com/index.html?downloads",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Torat Emet 370",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"priority": 2.0,
|
8 |
+
"license": "Public Domain",
|
9 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืืจืช ืืืช 370",
|
10 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
11 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
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+
"isBaseText": true,
|
13 |
+
"isSource": true,
|
14 |
+
"isPrimary": true,
|
15 |
+
"direction": "rtl",
|
16 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข",
|
17 |
+
"categories": [
|
18 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
19 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
20 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
21 |
+
],
|
22 |
+
"text": [
|
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+
[
|
24 |
+
"ืคึผึทืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึผึฐืึธื ืืึนื ืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข, ืึผึธืขึถืจึถื ืึผืึทืึผึนืงึถืจ. ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึผืึฐืฉืึธืึฐืึผึฐืึธ ืึผืึฐืงืึผืึถืึธืด ืึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืฉืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึถื ืืึผื ืึทืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึถื ืืึผื ืืึนื:",
|
25 |
+
"ืึผืึทื ืืึผื ืงืึนืจึตื, ืฉืึฐืึนืฉืึธื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึดืึผืึนืช. ืึตืึผืึผ ืึตื <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึฐืึทืขืด <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึทืด <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึทืึผึนืืึถืจืด. ืึผืึทืงึฐืึผึดืืึดืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึดืืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึฐืึทืึฒืึธืชืึน ืึฐืชึทืึฐืืึผืืึน ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธืขึดืงึผึธืจ ืึทืึผึธืืึนื ืฉืึถืึทืึผื ืชึผึธืืึผื ืึผืึน. ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึท ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืึผืึผื ืขึทื (ืึฐืึดืืจึทืช) ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช. ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึทืช <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืฆึดืืฆึดืืชืด ืฉืึถืึผึทื ืึดืื ืึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืึผืึผื ืึฐืึดืืจึทืช ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช: ",
|
26 |
+
"ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ื ืึนืึถืึถืช ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึดืึฐืจืึนื ืึฐืฆึดืืึทืช ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืืจ ืึฐืฆึดืืึทืช ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผืึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ื)</small> ืดืึฐืึทืขึทื ืชึผึดืึฐืึผึนืจ ืึถืช ืืึนื ืฆึตืืชึฐืึธ ืึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผื ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึถืืึธืด. ืึผืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึดืึผืึนืช ืึตืึผืึผ ืขึทื ืกึตืึถืจ ืึถื ืึดืื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึตืืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข:",
|
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"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผืึนืึตืจ ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืืึนืึตืจ ืึผึฐืึทืึทืฉื ืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึทืึฐืืึผืชืึน ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึธืขึถื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึน <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึทืึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึถืืึธืด ืขึทื ืกืึนืคึธืึผ. ืึฐืึธืึผึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผึตื. ืึธืกึนืจึถืช ืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึตืื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืงึผึดืึผึตืฅ ืึทืขึฒืงึนื ืึธืึดืื ืึผ ืึถืช ืึผึธื ึธืื ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืึดืืชึธืชืึน ืฆึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึตืจึฐืึธื ืขึทื ืึดืืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึฐืขึทื ืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืืณโ ืฉืึถืึธืึทืึฐ ืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึฐืึดืฆึฐืึธืง ืึธืึดืื ืึฐืฉืึธืึทื ืืึนืชึธื ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืึธืึถื ืึผึธื ึทื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืคึผึทืกึฐืืึผืช ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืขืึนืึตื ืขึดืึผึดื ืึผึฐืึดืืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึผึธืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึธืึทืจ ืึธื ืึผ ืืฉืึถื ืจึทืึผึตื ืึผ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืคึผึถื ืึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืึดืืฉื ืืึน ืึดืฉึผืึธืืด ืึฐืืึนืณโ. ืขึธื ืึผ ืึผึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึผ <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึตืื ืึผ ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึถืึธืืด. ืึผึฐืืึนืึทืจ ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึธืึดืื ืึผ ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึตืื ืึผ ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึถืึธื. ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึทืึผึธืงึตื ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึทืึฐืืึผืชืึน ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึธืขึถื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ื ึธืึฒืืึผ ืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืืึนืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึทื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึดืึผึตืึท ืึผืึน ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึทืึผึธืงึตื ืึทืึทืจ ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืึถื:",
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"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึฐืึทืึทืช ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึผืึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ:",
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"ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึผืืึนืจึตื ืืฉืึถืึฐ ืึฐืืึผืณโ ืึผืึฐืจึธืึธื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึทืึฒืึทืช ืขืึนืึธื ืึฒืึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผ. ืึฐืฉืึถื ืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฑืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืื. ืึผืึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืืึผืณโ ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึธืึผ ืึทืึฒืึทืช ืขืึนืึธื ืึผึตืืช ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืขึทืึผึฐืึธ ืึธืึทืึฐืชึผึธ ืืึผืณโ. ืึผืึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฑืึถืช ืึถืึฑืืึผื ึธื. ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึธืึผ ืึทืฉืึฐืึผึดืืึตื ืึผ:",
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"ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืคึผืึนืชึตืึท ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึฐืืึนืชึตื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ. ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึดืจึฐืืึนืชึถืืึธ ืืึนืชึตื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึตืึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึฐืึตืื ืึธืึถื ืคึผึฐืชึดืืึธื ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ. ืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืึตืึผืึผ ืขึดื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืึธืขึฒืจืึผืืึนืช ืึผึฐืคึดื ืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืขึถืึฐืจึธื ืึทืกึผืึนืคึตืจ ืึผืึตืืช ืึผึดืื ืึน ืชึผึดืงึผึฐื ืึผื ืึฐืึตืื ืึธืึธื ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึดืคึฐืึนืช ืึตืึถื ืึฐืึนื ืึฐืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืขึฒืึตืืึถื. ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื. ืึผืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื. ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท. ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท. ืึผึฐืึธืืึน ืฉืึถื ืึผึธืึธืจ ืึผึธื ืึทืึฐืฉืึทื ึผึถื ืึดืึผึทืึฐืึผึตืขึท ืฉืึถืึผึธืึฐืขืึผ ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืืึนืขึถื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึผึตืขึท. ืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฑืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึทืึฒืจึดืืช ืึถืึฑืึถืช ืึถืึฑืืึผื ึธื ืึผึฐืขึทืจึฐืึดืืช ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน:",
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"ืึดืงึฐืึผึดืื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึดืึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึตืื ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืกึตืึถืจ ืึผึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช. ืึผึฐืฉืึทืึฒืจึดืืช ืคึผึธืชึทื ืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื. ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึผึฐืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึธืฆึธื. ืึผืึธืขึถืจึถื ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึผึฐืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื. ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึผึฐืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึธืฆึธื. ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืืึนืึฐืืึนืช ืึทืึทืจ ืึฒืชึดืืึธืชึธื:",
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32 |
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"ืึตืืึถื ืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื. ืึดืฆึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึดืฉึผืึฐืขึทืช ืึฐืฆึดืืึทืช ืึทืึผืึนืึธืึดืื ืขึทื ืึฒืฆึดื ืึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืขึธืึทืจ ืึฐืึดืึตืจ ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืขึธืึธื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืขึทื ืึฒืฆืึนืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึธืึธื ืึดื ืึทืคึผึฐืฉืึดืืขึธื:",
|
33 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืฉืึถื ืขึทืจึฐืึดืืช ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ ืงึนืึถื ืึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึผึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธื ืึผืก ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึดืึผืึนืจ ืืึน ืืึนืึถื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฐืึธื ืึผืก ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึผึฐืขึตืช ืึถื ืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึทืฉืึฐืึผึดืืึตื ืึผ:",
|
34 |
+
"ืึฐืึตื ืึถื ืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ึผึธื ืึผึทืึผืึนื. ืึดืฆึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึนืึถื ืึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึนืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทืึฒืจืึนื ึธื ืขึดื ืึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื. ืึฐืฉืึดืขืึผืจ ืึถื ืึผึฐืืึน [ืขึดืฉึผืืึผืจ] ืฉืึธืขึธื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืชึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืึทืฉึผืึถืึถืฉื. ืึฐืึดื ืึดืึตืจ ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืชึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืึทืฉึผื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืึถืฉื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืฉืึถืขืึนื ึธืชึธืึผ ืขึทื ืกืึนืฃ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืฉืึธืขืึนืช ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึดื ืฉืึถืขึธืึทืจ ืึฐืึดืึตืจ:",
|
35 |
+
"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึดืงึฐืึผึดืื ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืฉืึถื ืฉืึทืึฒืจึดืืช ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึดืฉืึฐืึดืื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืชึผึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน. ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืึทืึผึฐืึธืง ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึทืฉืึฐืึผึดืื ืึธืฆึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึดืฉึผืึถืขึธืึธื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ:",
|
36 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืฉืึธืขืึนืช ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืึธื ืึผืก ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึทืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืขืึนื ึธืชืึน. ืึถืึผึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผืึนื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึดืึตืจ ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืฉืึธืขืึนืช:"
|
37 |
+
],
|
38 |
+
[
|
39 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืึผืึน ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืฉืึถืืึผื <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตืืด ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืึดื ืึนื ืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืึผืึน ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึน ืืึน ืึทืึผึดืืึผึท ืึถืช ืึทืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึดืึผืึนืช ืึธืึตืึผืึผ ืึผึฐืขืึนื ึทืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืึผืึน ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื:",
|
40 |
+
"ืึผึธื ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึธื ืึผึตืื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืฉืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืจืึนืึฐืึดืื ืขึทื ืึผึทืึผึตื ืึผึฐืึตืึธื. ืึฐืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืืึผื ืึปืึผึธื ืึผืคึธื ึธืื ืืึผืืึนืช ืึผึทืงึผึทืจึฐืงึทืข ืืึน ืึปืฉืึฐืึธืึฐ ืขึทื ืึผึทืึผืึน ืึผืคึธื ึธืื ืึฐืึทืขึฐืึธื. ืึฒืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืืึผื ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืืึนืึตื ืขึทื ืฆึดืึผืึน. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึผึทืขึทื ืึผึธืฉืึธืจ ืึทืจึฐืึผึตื ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืึธืืึนื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืคึผึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืฆึดืึผืึน ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืืึนืึถื ื ืึนืึถื ืึฐืขึทื ืึฐืฆึดืึผืึน ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
41 |
+
"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืจึทืึฐืึธืื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืืึผื ืึฐืึทืึผึตืึฐ. ืึธืึธื ืึธืฉืึตื ืึฐืฆึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผืึฐืขึดืืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืึผืึดืึผึธืื ืึฐืึตืืึธืึฐ ืึดื ืึฒื ึธืกึทืชึผืึผ ืฉืึตื ึธื ืึตืื ืึฐืฆึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน:",
|
42 |
+
"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึดืึฐืึธืืึธื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึตื ืึธืึปืึผึธื ึดืื ืึผึฐืึตืึดืื ืึดืึผึฐืึทืืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืชึผึฐืึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชึธื ืขึทืจึฐืึทื, ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืงืึนืจึตื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึน ืึฐืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึดืึฐืึทืืึฐืชึผืึน. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืจึนืืฉื ืึธืึดืืึธื ืืึน ืึผึฐืจึนืืฉื ืึทืึผึนืชึถื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืืึน ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ:",
|
43 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืชึทืึฐืืึผื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืฆึธืจึฐืึตื ืจึทืึผึดืื ืึนื ืึดืคึฐืกึนืง ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืึฐืึนืจ ืขึดืกึฐืงึตืืึถื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึดื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืขึตืช ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช:",
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44 |
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"ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึทืึฒืึดืืึธื ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึผึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืชึดืกึฐืคึผึนืจึถืช ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืคึผึตืึฐ ืึผึฐืขืึนืจืึนืช ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืขืึนืกึฐืงึดืื ืึผึทืึผึดืื ืึผืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืงืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึดืชึฐืึธืจึตื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึทืขึฒืึนืจ ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึผืคึธืกึทืง ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึฐืฉืึปืึผึธื:",
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"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืจึทื ืึดืึฐืึผื ืึดื ืึธืืึนื ืึทืขึฒืืึนืช ืึผืึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผืึนืช ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืชึผึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึทืขึฒืึถื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึดืชึฐืึธืจึตื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืชึผึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื. ืึฐืึนื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึนื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดื ืึธืจึธืขึดืื ืฉืึถืจึตืืึธื ืจึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืจึถื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึทืึดื ืฆึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน ื ึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฒืึธื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืึทืึดื ืขึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืจึตืืึธื ืจึทืข ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืืึน:",
|
46 |
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"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึนื ืึดืจึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ึธืื ืึฐืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึนืฅ ืึผึดืฉืึฐืคึธืชึธืื ืึฐืึนื ืึทืจึฐืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืฆึฐืึผึฐืขืึนืชึธืื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชืึน ืขึทืจึฐืึทื. ืึฐืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืึผึตื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึฐืึปื ึผึถื. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืฉืึฐืึดืืขึท ืึฐืึธืึฐื ืึน ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืึดืฉืึฐืึดืืขึท ืึฐืึธืึฐื ืึน ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึฐืืึนืชึดืึผืึนืชึธืื ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืึผึดืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึธืฆึธื:",
|
47 |
+
"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง. ืึดืฉืึฐืึนืจ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืจึฐืคึผึถื ืึถืึธืึธืง ืึฐืึนื ืึทืึฒืึดืืง ืึฒืจึธืคึถื ืึฐืึนื ืึธื ึดืืึท ืึทื ึผึธื ืึฐืึนื ืึธื ึดืื ืึทื ึผึธื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึดืชึผึตื ืจึถืึทื ืึผึตืื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืงึดืื ืึผึตืื ืึผึธื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืืึนืชึดืึผืึนืช ืึทืึผืึนืืึนืช ืฉืึถืึทืึทืช ืึตืึถื ืกืึนืฃ ืชึผึตืึธื ืึฐืึธืึทืึถืจึถืช ืชึผึฐืึดืึผึทืช ืชึผึตืึธื ืึทืกึผึฐืืึผืึธื ืึธืึผ. ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธ ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึฐืฉืืึนืึถื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธ. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึฒืึทืึฐืชึผึถื ืึฐืึตืจึธื. ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืคึผึฐืชึดืื. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึธืึตืจ ืึทืึดืดื ืฉืึถื ืชึผึดืึฐืึผึฐืจืึผ. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึดืืึฐ ืึผึฐืึธืึถืดืช ืฉืึถื ืึถืึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึฐืึดืืึตืืึผ ืึผึทืฉึผืึธืึทืึดื ืึผืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึผืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืจืึผืืึนืช. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึฐืึนืฃ ืึผึทืึตืืดืช ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึตื ืึธื:",
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48 |
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"ืงืึนืจึตื ืึธืึธื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืฉืืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึฐืึดืื ึธืึผ. ืึฐืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืฉืืึนื ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึดืึผึธืึตืจ ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึดืึผืึผืฉื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืืึนืชืึน ืึทืึผึธืฉืืึนื ืึผืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึฐืืึนืชืึน ืึทืึผึธืฉืืึนื ืึผึฐืืึน ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื:",
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49 |
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"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึทืคึฐืจึตืขึท ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึผึทืึผึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึฐืกึตืึถืจ ืึทืคึผึฐืกืึผืงึดืื ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึดืงึฐืึผึดืื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึฒื ึดื ืืึนืึตืจ ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึธื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ืกึฐืืึผืึธื ืึธืึผ ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืงึธืจึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืึผืงึฐืจึธืืึน ืคึผึทืขึทื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึฐืึปื ึผึถื. ืงึธืจึธื ืึดืึผึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึผืึฐืคึธืึธืึผ ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืฉืึทืชึผึฐืงึดืื ืืึนืชืึน:",
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"ืงึฐืจึธืึธืึผ ืกึตืจืึผืึดืื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืฉืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืกึตืจืึผื ืึฐืกึตืจืึผื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึดืึฐืึนืจ ืึถืช ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทื ืึทืกึผึตืึถืจ. ืงึฐืจึธืึธืึผ ืึดืชึฐื ึทืึฐื ึตื ืึฐืืึผื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืขึตืจ ืึฐืึนื ื ึดืจึฐืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตื ึธื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึผืึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืขึตืจ ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื:",
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51 |
+
"ืกึธืคึตืง ืงึธืจึธื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืกึธืคึตืง ืึนื ืงึธืจึธื ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึทืข ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึดื ืึผึตืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืืึน ืึนื ืึผึตืจึตืึฐ ืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ. ืงึธืจึธื ืึฐืึธืขึธื ืึทืึฒืึนืจ ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึธืขึธื. ื ึถืขึฑืึทื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึผึตืื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืขึท ืึตื ืืึน ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึตื ืืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึทืึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึถืืึธืด ืึฐืืึนืณโ: ",
|
52 |
+
"ืึธืขึธื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึทืคึผึถืจึถืง ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืขึท ืึฐืึตืืึธื ืคึผึธืกึทืง ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืจึนืืฉื ืึทืคึผึถืจึถืง. ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืขึท ืึดื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืืึน ืึผึฐืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืืึนืขึท ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึฐืึทืขึทื ืึดืจึฐืึผืึผ ืึฐืึตืืึถื ืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืฉืึถืขึทื ืึถืจึฐืึผึตื ืึฐืฉืืึนื ืึน ืืึผื ืืึนืึตืึฐ:",
|
53 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืคึธืึทืข ืึผึทืึฒืึตืจึดืื ืืึน ืคึผึธืึฐืขืึผ ืึผืึน ืึฒืึตืจึดืื. ืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืคึผึถืจึถืง ืึฐืคึถืจึถืง ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึผืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึฐืฉืืึนืึตื ืฉืึฐืืึนื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืืึนืืึน ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืคึผึธืึทืข ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืืึน ืจึทืึผืึน ืืึน ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผึธืืึนื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึผึฐืึธืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึตืฉืึดืื ืฉืึธืืึนื ืึฐืึธื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึธืชึทื ืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนื:",
|
54 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึทืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึผืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึดืฉืึฐืื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืืึนื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึดืชึฐืึธืจึตื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึถืึถืึฐ ืืึน ืึทื ึผึธืก ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืืึนืืึน ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึธืึดืื ืืึน ืจึทืึผืึน ืึดื ื ึธืชึทื ืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนื ืชึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึผืึตืฉืึดืื ืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนื:",
|
55 |
+
"ืึฐืึตืึผืึผ ืึตื ืึผึตืื ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธืงึดืื. ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึทืฉึผืึฐื ึดืึผึธื. ืึผึตืื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึผึตืื ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึท. ืึผึตืื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึท ืึฐืึทืึผึนืืึถืจ. ืึผึตืื ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธืงึดืื ืึธืึตืึผืึผ ืฉืืึนืึตื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึธืืึนื ืึผืึตืฉืึดืื ืฉืึธืืึนื ืึฐืึธื ืึธืึธื. ืึฒืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึทืึผึนืืึถืจ ืึถืึฑืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึทืคึผึถืจึถืง ืึฐืึนื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึดืจึฐืึธื ืึผืึฐืึธืฉืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึธืืึนื:"
|
56 |
+
],
|
57 |
+
[
|
58 |
+
"ืึทืงืึนืจึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืจืึนืึตืฅ ืึธืึธืื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื. ืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึทืึดื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึนื ืึฐืึทืึตืจ ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึตืึตืึฐ ืึฐืึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึทืึดื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืงึทื ึผึตืึท ืึธืึธืื ืึผึถืขึธืคึธืจ ืืึน ืึผึดืฆึฐืจืึนืจ ืืึน ืึผึฐืงืึนืจึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
59 |
+
"ืึตืื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึนื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผืึน ืฆืึนืึธื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืงึผึฐืึธืจืึนืช ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึทืึผึตืช ืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึฐืึดื ืึดืจึฐืึดืืง ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช ืึดื ืึทืงึผึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืึดื ืึทืึผึตืช ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึฐืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึผึฐืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
60 |
+
"ืึผึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึถืึธืึธืฉื ืฉืึถืืึผืึทื ืึทืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืฉื ืึผืึน ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐื ึถืึฐืึผืึน ืึฒืึธื ืึนื ืึผึฐืชืึนืืึน. ืึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึถืึธืึธืฉื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐืชืึนืืึน. ืึธืืึผ ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืึผึธืชึผึดืื ืึดืึผึตื ืึถืึธื ืึตืึถื ืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืขึทื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื ืึฐืึถื. ืึฒืจึตื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื ืกึธืคึตืง ืึดื ืึดืึฐืึดืื ืึน ืึฐืึธืึฐ ืึดื ืึนื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึตืื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผืึน ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึดื ืงึธืจึธื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึธืึทืจ ืึผึทื ืึถื ืึฒืจึตื ืฉืึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึฐืึปืึผึธื ึดืื ืึฐืึตืื ืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฒืฆึทืจ ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึฐืืึผื ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผืึน ืึฐืืึผืฉืึดืื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผืึน ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข:",
|
61 |
+
"ืึฐืึนื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึธื ืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึน ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึฒืึธืจืึน ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืึนื. ืึฐืึนื ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึน ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึตืจ ืึผึฐืึดืึผืึน ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึผืึดืึฐืงืึนื ืึทืึผึดื ึนืคึถืช ืึฐืืึผื ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผืึน ืฆืึนืึธื ืึผืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึธืกืึผืจ:",
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"ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึนื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืจึธื ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืงึนืึถืฉื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดื ึผืึผืึดืื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืจึทืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ึผืึผื ืึฐื ึถืึฑืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื. ืึฒืึธื ืึทืฉึผืึตืืึนืช ืึทืึฐืึปืึธืึดืื ืึฐืึตื ืึทืฉึผืึตืืึนืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธื ื ึดืึฐืึธืงึดืื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืืจึธื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึธืฉืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืืึน ืึฐืึทืคึฐืจึดืืฉื ืึดื ืึผึธืึธืจ ืึธืึธืกืึผืจ ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืืึน ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึทืคึฐืจึดืืฉื ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืงึนืึถืฉื ืึผืึฐืขึดื ึฐืึฐื ึตื ืงึนืึถืฉื:",
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"ืฆืึนืึทืช ืึธืึธืึธื ืึฐืฆืึนืึทืช ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืึทืึฒืึดืืจึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึธื ืขืึนืจืึนืช ืึฐืึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืฉืึถืจึตืืึธืึผ ืจึทืข ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึตืึผืึผ ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื. ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื. ืึฒืึธื ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืึตืึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื. ืงึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึธืืึนื ืึถืึฑืื ืึผึฐืึทืึดืช ืึผึธืึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนืืึทื ืึทืึผึธืืึนื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึนืฉืึธื ืึผึตืืฆึตื ืึผึธืึธื ืึตืื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืงึดืื ืึนื ืึดืฆึผืึนืึธืชืึน ืึฐืึนื ืึดืึผึตื ืจึทืึฐืึธืื:",
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64 |
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"ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืึฐืึตืฉืึธื ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืฉื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึฐืึตืฉืึธื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึตืึถืจึถืฉื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึดื ืึฐืจึธืงึธืึผ ืชึผึดืชึฐืคึผึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืขึธืคึธืจ ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ. ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืึฐืึฐืขืึผ ืึผึทืงึผึทืจึฐืงึทืข ืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึทืึผึธื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื ืึฐืึดื ืึธืื ืึปืชึผึธืจ:",
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"ืึผึทืึผึธื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึธืึธื ืึดืฆึผืึนืึธื ืึผืึดืึผึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืงึฐืจึธื, ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช. ืึผึทืึผึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึตื ืึดืึผึทืึฒืืึนืจึธืื ืืึน ืึดืฆึผึดืึผึธืื ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืคึผึธื ึธืื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึตืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืจึฐืึถื ืืึนืชึธื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืงึฐืจึธื:",
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"ืึผึทืึผึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืขึดืึผึธืึถื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดืช ืึผึฐืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึธืึถื ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืึผึธืืึนืึผึท ืึตืึถื ืขึฒืฉืึธืจึธื ืึฐืคึธืึดืื ืืึน ื ึธืืึผืึฐ ืึตืึถื ืขึฒืฉืึธืจึธื ืึฐืคึธืึดืื ืืึนืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืคึฐืกึธืง ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึผึดืืขึท ืืึน ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข. ืึฐืึตื ืึดื ืึผึธืคึธื ืึผึฐืึดื ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผืึนืึธื ืืึน ืขึทื ืึตืืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตื ืขึดืึผืึน ืึผึทืึผึทืึดืช ืึฒืจึตื ืึตืึผืึผ ืึผึดืงึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื:",
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"ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึน ืึผืึตืื ืึทืฆึผืึนืึธื ืึฐืึดืฆึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืึฐืืึผืึดืืช ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืจืึนืึถื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึตืึทืึฒืจึตื ืึทืึผึฐืืึผืึดืืช ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐืฆึดืึผึธืึผ. ื ึธืชึทื ืจึฐืึดืืขึดืืช ืึทืึดื ืึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ืคึผึทืขึทื ืึทืึทืช ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึดืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช:",
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"ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืึผึฐืืึผืึธื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืกึทื ึฐืึผึธืืึน ืขึทื ืึทืึผืึผืึธื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืกึทื ึฐืึผึธืืึน ื ืึนืึตืขึท ืึผึธืึผ. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผืึน ืฆืึนืึธื ืึฐืขืึผืึธื ืึผึฐืืึนืชึตืจ ืึผึฐืืึน ืึดืคึผึธื ืจืึนืงึตืง ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืจึนืง ืขึธืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ื ึฐืึดืืฉืึทืช ืฆืึนืึธื ืขึทื ืึผึฐืฉืึธืจืึน ืืึน ืึธืึธืื ืึฐืึปื ึผึธืคืึนืช ืึดืึผึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึฐืึนื ืึธืึธื ืึธืึถื ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข ืึผึฐืึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืงึธืึฐื ึธื ืืึน ืึทืึฐืฉืืึผืชึธื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธืึถื ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืึธืึผ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ื ึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืขืึนืึตื ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐื ึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืืึนืฉืึตื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืงึทื ึผึตืึท ืึธืคึถื ืึธืคึถื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผืึนืึธื ืึธืึธื ืึดืื ืึฐืึตืฉื ืึธืึผ ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข. ืึฐืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืืึนื ึดืื ืืึนืจืึผ ืฉืึถืึธืกืึผืจ ืืึน ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึธืึธืื ืึฐืึปื ึผึธืคืึนืช ืึฐืึธืึฐ ืจึธืืึผื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช:",
|
69 |
+
"ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืืึน ืขึดืงึผึธืจ ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืืณโ ืึทืึผืึนืช ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึดื ืคึผึธืกึทืง ืึธืจึตืืึท. ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืคึผึธืกึทืง ืึธืจึตืืึท ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืขึทื ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืคึผึธืกึทืง ืึธืจึตืืึท. ืึฐืฉืึถืึตืื ืืึน ืขึดืงึผึธืจ ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึธื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืจืึผืึท ืึดืึผึฐืึทืึผึธื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืขึทื ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึธืจึตืืึท ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึผึฐืจึธืฃ ืฉืึถื ืจึฐืขึดื ืึทืขึฒืึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึตืืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืืึผื ืึฐืึตืื ืึธืึถื ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึตื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื:",
|
70 |
+
"ืฆืึนืึธื ืขืึนืึถืจึถืช ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืึธืึฐืชึธื ืฉืึธืึธื ืขึทื ืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึทืึดื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ. ืึผืคึดื ืึฒืึดืืจ ืึผึฐืฆืึนืึธื ืขืึนืึถืจึถืช ืึผึธืึดื ืึฐืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึทืึฐืจืึผ ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช:",
|
71 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึดืึฐืงืึนื ืึทืึผึดื ึผึนืคึถืช ืึนื ืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืึธืืึน ืขึทื ืคึผึดืื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืึนืจ ืึตืืึนืชืึน ืึธืงืึนื. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึฐืชึธื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืจืึผืึท ืึดืึผึฐืึทืึผึธื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึผึทืึฒืฉืึธืึผ ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึดืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชืึน. ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืึธืฆึฐืชึธื ืจืึผืึท ืึตืึฒืึตืจืึน ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืึดืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึตืื ืึน ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื:",
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72 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืึทืึดืช ืึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึดื ืึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืืึน ืึตืืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืืึน ืึตืื ืฉืึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึดื ืึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืืึน ืึตืื ืฉืึธื ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึผึนืง ืฉืึถืึถืึฐืงึทืช ืึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึฐืงืึนื ืึทืึผึดื ึผึนืคึถืช. ืึฒืึธื ืกึฐืคึตืง ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช:",
|
73 |
+
"ืึผึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืฆืึนืึธื ืึผืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึผึธืึฐ ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืึธืขึถืจึฐืึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืคึผึธื ึธืื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผืึผืชึดื ืืึน ืงึธืึธื ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึธืชึธื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึฐืึดืฆึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืึฐืืึผืึดืืช ืึทืคึฐืกึถืงึถืช ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐืืึผื ืจืึนืึถื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืคึผึธื ึธืื. ืึฐืึธื ืึผืึผืฃ ืึธืึดืฉึผืึธื ืขึถืจึฐืึธื ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึนื ืึดืกึฐืชึผึทืึผึตื ืึผึฐืืึผืฃ ืึธืึดืฉึผืึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผืึน. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึปืึผึถื ืึถืคึทื ืึดืึผืึผืคึธืึผ ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ:",
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74 |
+
"ืึผืึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึทืช ืึฒืึตืจึดืื ืึผึธืึฐ ืืึผื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน ืึฐืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืขึธืจึนื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืกึผึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึฒืืึนืจึธื ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืืึน ืขืึนืจ ืืึน ืฉืึทืง ืขึทื ืึธืชึฐื ึธืื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืึผืึผืคืึน ืขึธืจึนื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืืึน ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืขึฒืงึตืืึน ื ืึนืึตืขึท ืึผึฐืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน. ืึธืึธื ืึธืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืืชืึน ืึฐืึธืึธื ืขึธืจึนื ืืึนืฆึตืฅ ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืืชืึน ืึดืชึผึทืึทืช ืึดืึผืึน ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฒืึธื ืึนื ืึธืึนืฅ ืฆึทืึผึธืืจืึน ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึผืึน ืจืึนืึถื ืึถืช ืึธืขึถืจึฐืึธื ืึฐื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืึผึฐืึดื ืฉืึถืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึฒืืึนืจึธื:",
|
75 |
+
"ืฉืึฐื ึทืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืึฐืฉืึตื ึดืื ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืืช ืึทืึทืช ืึผึธื ืึถืึธื ืึตืึถื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืกึผึถื ืึดืชึผึทืึทืช ืึดืึผืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึทืคึฐืกึถืงึถืช ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืึผึทืข ืึผึฐืฉืึทืจ ืึถื ืึผึดืึฐืฉืึทืจ ืึถื ืึดืึผึธืชึฐื ึธืื ืึผืึฐืึทืึผึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึธืฉืึตื ืขึดื ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผืึน ืืึน ืึผึธื ึธืื ืึผืึฐื ึตื ืึผึตืืชืึน ืึทืงึผึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืึฒืจึตื ืึผืึผืคึธื ืึผึฐืืึผืคืึน ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืึทืจึฐืึผึดืืฉื ืึตืึถื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืฉืึธืจืึน ื ืึนืึตืขึท ืึผึธืึถื ืึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืคึผึธื ึธืื ืึฐืืึนืฆึตืฅ ืึดืชึผึทืึทืช ืึดืึผืึน ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
76 |
+
"ืขึทื ืึตืืึธืชึทื ืึตื ืงึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืึฐืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึธืึธืจ ืึผึถื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืื ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืงึตืึธื ืึผึทืช ืึทืึทืช ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืชึผึทืึฐื ึดืืชึธื ืึผึฐืชึทืึฐื ึดืืช ืึผึฐืืึนืึดืื <small>(ืืืืงืื ืื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึธืึทืึดื ื ึธืืึนื ืึผ ืึผืฉืึฐืขึธืจึตืึฐ ืฆึดืึผึตืึทืด. ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึนื ืึธืืึผ ืฉืึธืึทืึดื ื ึธืืึนื ืึผ ืึผืฉืึฐืขึธืจึตืึฐ ืฆึดืึผึตืึท ืงืึนืจึตื ืขึดืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืงึตืจืึผื ืึผึธืฉืึธืจ ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึถืคึฐืกึตืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึทืึผึธืึธืจ ืึผึถื ืืดื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืงึตืึธื ืึผึทืช ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืื ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื: "
|
77 |
+
],
|
78 |
+
[
|
79 |
+
"ื ึผึธืฉืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผืงึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึผืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืงึผึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืชึธืึผ ืึผึฐืขืึนื ึธืชึธืึผ ืึผืึฐืึธืจึฐืึดืื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืึธื ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึนืช. ืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึดืึผืึน ืึธืจืึผื ืึฐื ึถืึฐืคึผึทื ืึดืึฐืึทืจ ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึผืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึธืชึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึธืฉืึธื ืึผึฐืชืึผืึธื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึธืืึนื ืขึธืึถืืึธ. ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืคึผึฐื ืึผืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึนื ืึดืึฐืฆึธื ืึธืึผ ืึผึฐืชืึผืึดืื. ืึฐืึดื ืฉืึธืึธื ืขึทื ืืึนืฆึธืึตื ืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึฐืึนื ืึผึธืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึดืึผืึนืฆึธืึตื ืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึฐืึตืืึธืึฐ ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืชึฐืงึธืจึฐืจึธื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืึฐืึดืึผืึน ืึผึทืก ืึผึธืึผ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึธืขึทื:",
|
80 |
+
"ืึฒืึธื ืึทื ึผืึนืฉืึตื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึฐืขืึผืึธื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึทืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐืึตืื ืืึน ืึผึธืึธืจ ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืึฐืึผึตื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน. ืึฐืึตื ืึผึธื ืึผึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื:",
|
81 |
+
"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึตืช ืืึน ืึตืช ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตื ืขึธืึธืื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืึผึฐืจึถื ึผืึผ ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืคึผึฐื ืึผืึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึตืชืึน ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึทืฉึผืืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืฉืึฐื ึทืึดื ืึธืึถืึธื ืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธื ืึฐืึธืงืึนื ืึทืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึผืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืึธื ืึธืึทืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืืึนืคึตืจ ืงึถืึถืจ ืึฐืึตืช ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข:",
|
82 |
+
"ืึตืื ืืึนืฆึดืืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช ืึฐืงึธืึฐืจืึน ืกึธืืึผืึฐ ืึดืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึผึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธืึธื ืึผึธืืึนื. ืึฐืึดื ืึดืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืืืึผ ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืึทืงึผึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช. ืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืฆึนืจึถืึฐ ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืืึนื ื ืึนืฉืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึดืึผืึผืคึตืืึถื ืึฐืึดืึผืึผืคึตื ืึดืึผืึผืคึตืืึถื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืึดืคึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื. ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืฆึนืจึถืึฐ ืึผึธืึถื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื:",
|
83 |
+
"ืึธืืึผ ืขึฒืกืึผืงึดืื ืึผึฐืึถืกึฐืคึผึตื ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึตืช ืึปื ึผึธื ืึดืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืึดืื ืึถืึธื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืึทืึถืกึฐืคึผึตื. ืึตืื ืึทืึผึตืช ืึปืึผึธื ืึดืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึผึธื ืึธืขึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึธืึธืึตื ืืึนืฉืึตื ืึฐืืึนืึตื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึทืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืึผึนืจ ืึถืช ืึตืชืึน:",
|
84 |
+
"ืงึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืชึผึทื ึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืึธื ืึธืขึธื ืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึทืึฒืจึตืืึถื ืึดืึผึฐืงืึนื ืึทืงึผึถืึถืจ ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผืึน ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืฉืืึผืจึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืชึผึทื ึฐืืึผืึดืื. ืึดื ืึฐืืึนืึดืื ืึธืขึธื ืึฐืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึดืึฐืึนืจ ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืึถืึธื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึผึดืืขืึผ ืึทืฉึผืืึผืจึธื ืึทืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึฐืึดื ืึธืื ืึนื ืึทืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐื ึทืึฒืืึผ ืึถืช ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึผึดืคึผึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึตืึถื ืึทืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึทืฉึผืืึผืจึธื, ืึทืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดืึผึดืื ืฉืึถืึตื ืจืึนืึดืื ืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึทืึดืืฆืึนื ึดืื ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐืึตืื ึธื ืจืึนืึดืื ืึถืช ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึดืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืึธื:",
|
85 |
+
"ืึผึธื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืึผึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืขึทื ืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืชึผึฐืึตื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืคึผึฐื ืึผืึธื ืขึธืึธืื. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึถื ืึทืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืึผึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึฐืึนืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืชึฐืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืขึธืึธืื:",
|
86 |
+
"ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึดืื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึดืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผืึฐืึธืจึฐืึดืื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐืึปืึฐืึธืชึธื. ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึธืึถื ืึทืขึฒืืึนืช ืึดืึผึปืึฐืึธืชึธื ืึผืึน ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึทื ึผืึนืึฐืขึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืจึถืฅ ืืึน ืึผึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืึผึธืึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฐืขึถืึฐืจึธื ืึผืึตืืช ืึผึดืื ืึน ืชึผึดืงึผึฐื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึทืขึทื ืงึถืจึดื ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืืืึผืืึผ ืึดืึผึฐืึทื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึดืื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึผื. ืึฐืึนื ืคึผึธืฉืึฐืึธื ืชึผึทืงึผึธื ึธื ืืึน ืึผึฐืึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึนื ืึธืึธื ืึผึนืึท ืึผึฐืจึนื ืึทืฆึผึดืึผืึผืจ ืึทืขึฒืึนื ืึผึธืึผ ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึผึธืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึฐืึธืจ ื ึธืึฒืืึผ ืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึตื ืึผึทืขึฒืึตื ืงึฐืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึณืจึธืชึธื ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืจืืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฒืืึนื ืึนื ืึฐืึธืจึดื ืึผึธืึตืฉื ื ึฐืึปื ืึฐืึธืณโืด ืึธื ืึตืฉื ืึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืงึทืึผึถืึถืช ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืฃ ืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึตืื ึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึปืึฐืึธื:"
|
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+
]
|
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+
],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
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+
"Chapter",
|
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+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema/Hebrew/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
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{
|
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+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Reading the Shema",
|
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+
"language": "he",
|
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+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
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+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_Reading_the_Shema",
|
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+
"text": [
|
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+
[
|
8 |
+
"ืคึผึทืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึผึฐืึธื ืืึนื ืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข, ืึผึธืขึถืจึถื ืึผืึทืึผึนืงึถืจ. ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึผืึฐืฉืึธืึฐืึผึฐืึธ ืึผืึฐืงืึผืึถืึธืด ืึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืฉืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึถื ืืึผื ืึทืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึถื ืืึผื ืืึนื:",
|
9 |
+
"ืึผืึทื ืืึผื ืงืึนืจึตื, ืฉืึฐืึนืฉืึธื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึดืึผืึนืช. ืึตืึผืึผ ืึตื <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึฐืึทืขืด <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึทืด <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึทืึผึนืืึถืจืด. ืึผืึทืงึฐืึผึดืืึดืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึดืืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึฐืึทืึฒืึธืชืึน ืึฐืชึทืึฐืืึผืืึน ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธืขึดืงึผึธืจ ืึทืึผึธืืึนื ืฉืึถืึทืึผื ืชึผึธืืึผื ืึผืึน. ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึท ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืึผืึผื ืขึทื (ืึฐืึดืืจึทืช) ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช. ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึทืช <small>(ืืืืืจ ืื ืื)</small> ืดืฆึดืืฆึดืืชืด ืฉืึถืึผึทื ืึดืื ืึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืฆึดืึผืึผื ืึฐืึดืืจึทืช ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช: ",
|
10 |
+
"ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึดืฆึฐืึทืช ืฆึดืืฆึดืืช ื ืึนืึถืึถืช ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึธืึผ ืึดืึฐืจืึนื ืึฐืฆึดืืึทืช ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืืจ ืึฐืฆึดืืึทืช ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผืึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ื)</small> ืดืึฐืึทืขึทื ืชึผึดืึฐืึผึนืจ ืึถืช ืืึนื ืฆึตืืชึฐืึธ ืึตืึถืจึถืฅ ืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผื ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึถืืึธืด. ืึผืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึดืึผืึนืช ืึตืึผืึผ ืขึทื ืกึตืึถืจ ืึถื ืึดืื ืึทื ึผึดืงึฐืจึตืืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข:",
|
11 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผืึนืึตืจ ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืืึนืึตืจ ืึผึฐืึทืึทืฉื ืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึทืึฐืืึผืชืึน ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึธืขึถื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึน <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึทืึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึถืืึธืด ืขึทื ืกืึนืคึธืึผ. ืึฐืึธืึผึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผึตื. ืึธืกึนืจึถืช ืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึตืื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึฐืฉืึธืขึธื ืฉืึถืงึผึดืึผึตืฅ ืึทืขึฒืงึนื ืึธืึดืื ืึผ ืึถืช ืึผึธื ึธืื ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืจึทืึดื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืึดืืชึธืชืึน ืฆึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึตืจึฐืึธื ืขึทื ืึดืืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึฐืขึทื ืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืืณโ ืฉืึถืึธืึทืึฐ ืึผึธืึผ ืึทืึฐืจึธืึธื ืึฐืึดืฆึฐืึธืง ืึธืึดืื ืึฐืฉืึธืึทื ืืึนืชึธื ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืึธืึถื ืึผึธื ึทื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืคึผึทืกึฐืืึผืช ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืขืึนืึตื ืขึดืึผึดื ืึผึฐืึดืืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึผึธืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึธืึทืจ ืึธื ืึผ ืืฉืึถื ืจึทืึผึตื ืึผ <small>(ืืืจืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืคึผึถื ืึตืฉื ืึผึธืึถื ืึดืืฉื ืืึน ืึดืฉึผืึธืืด ืึฐืืึนืณโ. ืขึธื ืึผ ืึผึปืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึผ <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึตืื ืึผ ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึถืึธืืด. ืึผึฐืืึนืึทืจ ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึธืึดืื ืึผ ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึตืื ืึผ ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึถืึธื. ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึทืึผึธืงึตื ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืึผึธืจืึผืึฐ ืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึทืึฐืืึผืชืึน ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืึธืขึถื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ื ึธืึฒืืึผ ืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืืึนืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึทื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึดืึผึตืึท ืึผืึน ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึทืึผึธืงึตื ืึทืึทืจ ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืึถื:",
|
12 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึฐืึทืึทืช ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึผืึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึดื ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ:",
|
13 |
+
"ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึผืืึนืจึตื ืืฉืึถืึฐ ืึฐืืึผืณโ ืึผืึฐืจึธืึธื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึทืึฒืึทืช ืขืึนืึธื ืึฒืึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผ. ืึฐืฉืึถื ืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฑืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืื. ืึผืึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืืึผืณโ ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึธืึผ ืึทืึฒืึทืช ืขืึนืึธื ืึผึตืืช ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืขึทืึผึฐืึธ ืึธืึทืึฐืชึผึธ ืืึผืณโ. ืึผืึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถื ืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฑืึถืช ืึถืึฑืืึผื ึธื. ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึธืึผ ืึทืฉืึฐืึผึดืืึตื ืึผ:",
|
14 |
+
"ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืคึผืึนืชึตืึท ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึฐืืึนืชึตื ืึผึธืึผ ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ. ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึดืจึฐืืึนืชึถืืึธ ืืึนืชึตื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึตืึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึฐืึตืื ืึธืึถื ืคึผึฐืชึดืืึธื ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ. ืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืึตืึผืึผ ืขึดื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืึธืขึฒืจืึผืืึนืช ืึผึฐืคึดื ืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืขึถืึฐืจึธื ืึทืกึผืึนืคึตืจ ืึผืึตืืช ืึผึดืื ืึน ืชึผึดืงึผึฐื ืึผื ืึฐืึตืื ืึธืึธื ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึดืคึฐืึนืช ืึตืึถื ืึฐืึนื ืึฐืืึนืกึดืืฃ ืขึฒืึตืืึถื. ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื. ืึผืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึทืึฐืชึผึนื. ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท ืึผึฐืึธืจืึผืึฐ ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท. ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึดืชึฐืงึดืื ืึผ ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืคึฐืชึผึนืึท. ืึผึฐืึธืืึน ืฉืึถื ืึผึธืึธืจ ืึผึธื ืึทืึฐืฉืึทื ึผึถื ืึดืึผึทืึฐืึผึตืขึท ืฉืึถืึผึธืึฐืขืึผ ืึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืืึนืขึถื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึผึตืขึท. ืึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฑืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึทืึฒืจึดืืช ืึถืึฑืึถืช ืึถืึฑืืึผื ึธื ืึผึฐืขึทืจึฐืึดืืช ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน:",
|
15 |
+
"ืึดืงึฐืึผึดืื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึดืึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผึตืื ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผึตืื ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืกึตืึถืจ ืึผึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช. ืึผึฐืฉืึทืึฒืจึดืืช ืคึผึธืชึทื ืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื. ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึผึฐืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึธืฆึธื. ืึผืึธืขึถืจึถื ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึผึฐืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื. ืคึผึธืชึทื ืึผึฐืืึนืฆึตืจ ืืึนืจ ืึฐืกึดืึผึตื ืึผึฐืึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืขึฒืจึธืึดืื ืึธืฆึธื. ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืจึธืืึนืช ืืึนืึฐืืึนืช ืึทืึทืจ ืึฒืชึดืืึธืชึธื:",
|
16 |
+
"ืึตืืึถื ืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื. ืึดืฆึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืึดืฉึผืึฐืขึทืช ืึฐืฆึดืืึทืช ืึทืึผืึนืึธืึดืื ืขึทื ืึฒืฆึดื ืึทืึผึทืึฐืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืขึธืึทืจ ืึฐืึดืึตืจ ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืขึธืึธื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืขึทื ืึฒืฆืึนืช ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึธืึธื ืึดื ืึทืคึผึฐืฉืึดืืขึธื:",
|
17 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืฉืึถื ืขึทืจึฐืึดืืช ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ ืงึนืึถื ืึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึผึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธื ืึผืก ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึดืึผืึนืจ ืืึน ืืึนืึถื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฐืึธื ืึผืก ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึผึฐืขึตืช ืึถื ืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึทืฉืึฐืึผึดืืึตื ืึผ:",
|
18 |
+
"ืึฐืึตื ืึถื ืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ึผึธื ืึผึทืึผืึนื. ืึดืฆึฐืึธืชึธืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึนืึถื ืึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึนืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืึทืึฒืจืึนื ึธื ืขึดื ืึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื. ืึฐืฉืึดืขืึผืจ ืึถื ืึผึฐืืึน [ืขึดืฉึผืืึผืจ] ืฉืึธืขึธื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืชึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืึทืฉึผืึถืึถืฉื. ืึฐืึดื ืึดืึตืจ ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืชึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืึทืฉึผืึถืึถืฉื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืฉืึถืขืึนื ึธืชึธืึผ ืขึทื ืกืึนืฃ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืฉืึธืขืึนืช ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฐืึดื ืฉืึถืขึธืึทืจ ืึฐืึดืึตืจ:",
|
19 |
+
"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึดืงึฐืึผึดืื ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืฉืึถื ืฉืึทืึฒืจึดืืช ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืึถื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึดืฉืึฐืึดืื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืชึผึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน. ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืขึทืช ืึทืึผึฐืึธืง ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึทืฉืึฐืึผึดืื ืึธืฆึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึถืึฐ ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึดืฉึผืึถืขึธืึธื ืขึทืึผืึผื ืึทืฉึผืึทืึทืจ:",
|
20 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืฉืึธืขืึนืช ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืึธื ืึผืก ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึทืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืขืึนื ึธืชืึน. ืึถืึผึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึผึธื ืึทืึผืึนื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึดืึตืจ ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึธืึนืฉื ืฉืึธืขืึนืช:"
|
21 |
+
],
|
22 |
+
[
|
23 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืึผืึน ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืฉืึถืืึผื <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตืืด ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืึดื ืึนื ืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืึผืึน ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึน ืืึน ืึทืึผึดืืึผึท ืึถืช ืึทืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึดืึผืึนืช ืึธืึตืึผืึผ ืึผึฐืขืึนื ึทืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึธืฆึธื ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึผึตื ืึดืึผืึน ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื:",
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24 |
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"ืึผึธื ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึธื ืึผึตืื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืฉืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึตืื ืจืึนืึฐืึดืื ืขึทื ืึผึทืึผึตื ืึผึฐืึตืึธื. ืึฐืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืืึผื ืึปืึผึธื ืึผืคึธื ึธืื ืืึผืืึนืช ืึผึทืงึผึทืจึฐืงึทืข ืืึน ืึปืฉืึฐืึธืึฐ ืขึทื ืึผึทืึผืึน ืึผืคึธื ึธืื ืึฐืึทืขึฐืึธื. ืึฒืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืืึผื ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืืึนืึตื ืขึทื ืฆึดืึผืึน. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึผึทืขึทื ืึผึธืฉืึธืจ ืึทืจึฐืึผึตื ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืึธืืึนื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืคึผึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืฆึดืึผืึน ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืืึนืึถื ื ืึนืึถื ืึฐืขึทื ืึฐืฆึดืึผืึน ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
25 |
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"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผึตืึฐ ืขึทื ืจึทืึฐืึธืื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืืึผื ืึฐืึทืึผึตืึฐ. ืึธืึธื ืึธืฉืึตื ืึฐืฆึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืึผืึฐืขึดืืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ืึผืึดืึผึธืื ืึฐืึตืืึธืึฐ ืึดื ืึฒื ึธืกึทืชึผืึผ ืฉืึตื ึธื ืึตืื ืึฐืฆึทืขึฒืจึดืื ืืึนืชืึน:",
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26 |
+
"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึดืึฐืึธืืึธื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึตื ืึธืึปืึผึธื ึดืื ืึผึฐืึตืึดืื ืึดืึผึฐืึทืืึฐืชึผึธื ืึผึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืชึผึฐืึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชึธื ืขึทืจึฐืึทื, ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืงืึนืจึตื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืึทืจึฐืึผืึน ืึฐืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึดืึฐืึทืืึฐืชึผืึน. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืจึนืืฉื ืึธืึดืืึธื ืืึน ืึผึฐืจึนืืฉื ืึทืึผึนืชึถื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืืึน ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ:",
|
27 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืชึทืึฐืืึผื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืฆึธืจึฐืึตื ืจึทืึผึดืื ืึนื ืึดืคึฐืกึนืง ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืึฐืึนืจ ืขึดืกึฐืงึตืืึถื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึดื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืขึตืช ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช:",
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28 |
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"ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึทืึฒืึดืืึธื ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึผึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืชึดืกึฐืคึผึนืจึถืช ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึฐืึทืคึผึตืึฐ ืึผึฐืขืึนืจืึนืช ืืึน ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืขืึนืกึฐืงึดืื ืึผึทืึผึดืื ืึผืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืงืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึดืชึฐืึธืจึตื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึทืขึฒืึนืจ ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึผืคึธืกึทืง ืึฐืงึธืจึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึฐืฉืึปืึผึธื:",
|
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"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืจึทื ืึดืึฐืึผื ืึดื ืึธืืึนื ืึทืขึฒืืึนืช ืึผืึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผืึนืช ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืชึผึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืึทืขึฒืึถื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึดืชึฐืึธืจึตื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืชึผึธื ึตืฅ ืึทืึทืึผึธื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื. ืึฐืึนื ืึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึนื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดื ืึธืจึธืขึดืื ืฉืึถืจึตืืึธื ืจึทืข ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืฉืึฐืจึถื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึทืึดื ืฆึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน ื ึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฒืึธื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืึทืึดื ืขึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืจึตืืึธื ืจึทืข ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืืึน:",
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"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึนื ืึดืจึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืขึตืื ึธืื ืึฐืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึนืฅ ืึผึดืฉืึฐืคึธืชึธืื ืึฐืึนื ืึทืจึฐืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืฆึฐืึผึฐืขืึนืชึธืื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชืึน ืขึทืจึฐืึทื. ืึฐืึดื ืขึธืฉืึธื ืึผึตื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึตื ืืึนืึธืชืึน ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึฐืึปื ึผึถื. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืฉืึฐืึดืืขึท ืึฐืึธืึฐื ืึน ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืึดืฉืึฐืึดืืขึท ืึฐืึธืึฐื ืึน ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึฐืืึนืชึดืึผืึนืชึธืื ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืึผึดืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึธืฆึธื:",
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"ืึผึตืืฆึทื ืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง. ืึดืฉืึฐืึนืจ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืจึฐืคึผึถื ืึถืึธืึธืง ืึฐืึนื ืึทืึฒืึดืืง ืึฒืจึธืคึถื ืึฐืึนื ืึธื ึดืืึท ืึทื ึผึธื ืึฐืึนื ืึธื ึดืื ืึทื ึผึธื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึดืชึผึตื ืจึถืึทื ืึผึตืื ืึทืึผึฐืึธืงึดืื ืึผึตืื ืึผึธื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตื ืืึนืชึดืึผืึนืช ืึทืึผืึนืืึนืช ืฉืึถืึทืึทืช ืึตืึถื ืกืึนืฃ ืชึผึตืึธื ืึฐืึธืึทืึถืจึถืช ืชึผึฐืึดืึผึทืช ืชึผึตืึธื ืึทืกึผึฐืืึผืึธื ืึธืึผ. ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธ ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึฐืฉืืึนืึถื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึธืึฐืึธ. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึฒืึทืึฐืชึผึถื ืึฐืึตืจึธื. ืึทืึผึธื ึธืฃ ืคึผึฐืชึดืื. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึธืึตืจ ืึทืึดืดื ืฉืึถื ืชึผึดืึฐืึผึฐืจืึผ. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืึฒืจึดืืึฐ ืึผึฐืึธืึถืดืช ืฉืึถื ืึถืึธื ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึฐืึดืืึตืืึผ ืึผึทืฉึผืึธืึทืึดื ืึผืึธืึธืจึถืฅ ืึผืึฐืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืจืึผืืึนืช. ืึฐืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึฐืึนืฃ ืึผึทืึตืืดืช ืึผึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึตื ืึธื:",
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"ืงืึนืจึตื ืึธืึธื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืฉืืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึฐืึดืื ึธืึผ. ืึฐืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึธื ืึธืฉืืึนื ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึดืึผึธืึตืจ ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึดืึผืึผืฉื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืืึนืชืึน ืึทืึผึธืฉืืึนื ืึผืึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึฐืืึนืชืึน ืึทืึผึธืฉืืึนื ืึผึฐืืึน ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืงึฐืึผึตืง ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื:",
|
33 |
+
"ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึทืคึฐืจึตืขึท ืึนื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึผึทืึผึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึฐืกึตืึถืจ ืึทืคึผึฐืกืึผืงึดืื ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึดืงึฐืึผึดืื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึฒื ึดื ืืึนืึตืจ ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึธื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ืกึฐืืึผืึธื ืึธืึผ ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืงึธืจึธื ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืึผืงึฐืจึธืืึน ืคึผึทืขึทื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึฐืึปื ึผึถื. ืงึธืจึธื ืึดืึผึธื ืึทืึทืช ืึผืึฐืคึธืึธืึผ ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืฉืึทืชึผึฐืงึดืื ืืึนืชืึน:",
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"ืงึฐืจึธืึธืึผ ืกึตืจืึผืึดืื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืฉืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืกึตืจืึผื ืึฐืกึตืจืึผื ืึผึฐืึตื ืึดืึฐืึนืจ ืึถืช ืึผึปืึผึธืึผ ืึธืฆึธื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทื ืึทืกึผึตืึถืจ. ืงึฐืจึธืึธืึผ ืึดืชึฐื ึทืึฐื ึตื ืึฐืืึผื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืขึตืจ ืึฐืึนื ื ึดืจึฐืึผึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึตื ึธื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึผืึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืขึตืจ ืึผึฐืคึธืกืึผืง ืจึดืืฉืืึนื:",
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"ืกึธืคึตืง ืงึธืจึธื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืกึธืคึตืง ืึนื ืงึธืจึธื ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึทืข ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึดื ืึผึตืจึตืึฐ ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืืึน ืึนื ืึผึตืจึตืึฐ ืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึผืึฐืึธืจึตืึฐ. ืงึธืจึธื ืึฐืึธืขึธื ืึทืึฒืึนืจ ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึธืขึธื. ื ึถืขึฑืึทื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึผึตืื ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืขึท ืึตื ืืึน ืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึตื ืืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึฐืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืคึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื <small>(ืืืจืื ื ื)</small> ืดืึฐืึธืึทืึฐืชึผึธ ืึตืช ืึฐืึธืณโ ืึฑืึนืึถืืึธืด ืึฐืืึนืณโ: ",
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"ืึธืขึธื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึทืคึผึถืจึถืง ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืขึท ืึฐืึตืืึธื ืคึผึธืกึทืง ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืจึนืืฉื ืึทืคึผึถืจึถืง. ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืขึท ืึดื ืืึผื ืึผึฐืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืืึน ืึผึฐืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืืึนืขึท ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืึผืึฐืชึทืึฐืชึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึฐืึทืขึทื ืึดืจึฐืึผืึผ ืึฐืึตืืึถื ืึตืื ืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืฉืึถืขึทื ืึถืจึฐืึผึตื ืึฐืฉืืึนื ืึน ืืึผื ืืึนืึตืึฐ:",
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"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผืคึธืึทืข ืึผึทืึฒืึตืจึดืื ืืึน ืคึผึธืึฐืขืึผ ืึผืึน ืึฒืึตืจึดืื. ืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืคึผึถืจึถืง ืึฐืคึถืจึถืง ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึผืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึฐืฉืืึนืึตื ืฉืึฐืืึนื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืืึนืืึน ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืคึผึธืึทืข ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืืึน ืจึทืึผืึน ืืึน ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึผึธืืึนื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึผึฐืึธืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึตืฉืึดืื ืฉืึธืืึนื ืึฐืึธื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึธืชึทื ืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนื:",
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"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึทืคึผึธืจึธืฉืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึผืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึดืฉืึฐืื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืืึนื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึดืชึฐืึธืจึตื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึถืึถืึฐ ืืึน ืึทื ึผึธืก ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืึผึธื ืึผึดืึฐืืึนืืึน ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึธืึดืื ืืึน ืจึทืึผืึน ืึดื ื ึธืชึทื ืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนื ืชึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึผืึตืฉืึดืื ืืึน ืฉืึธืืึนื:",
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39 |
+
"ืึฐืึตืึผืึผ ืึตื ืึผึตืื ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธืงึดืื. ืึผึตืื ืึผึฐืจึธืึธื ืจึดืืฉืืึนื ึธื ืึทืฉึผืึฐื ึดืึผึธื. ืึผึตืื ืฉืึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึผึตืื ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึท. ืึผึตืื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึธืึนืขึท ืึฐืึทืึผึนืืึถืจ. ืึผึตืื ืึทืคึผึฐืจึธืงึดืื ืึธืึตืึผืึผ ืฉืืึนืึตื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึธืืึนื ืึผืึตืฉืึดืื ืฉืึธืืึนื ืึฐืึธื ืึธืึธื. ืึฒืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึทืึผึนืืึถืจ ืึถืึฑืึถืช ืึฐืึทืฆึผึดืื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึผึฐืึถืึฐืฆึทืข ืึทืคึผึถืจึถืง ืึฐืึนื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืึถืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึดืจึฐืึธื ืึผืึฐืึธืฉืึดืื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึธืืึนื:"
|
40 |
+
],
|
41 |
+
[
|
42 |
+
"ืึทืงืึนืจึตื ืึถืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืจืึนืึตืฅ ืึธืึธืื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื. ืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึนื ืึธืฆึธื ืึทืึดื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึนื ืึฐืึทืึตืจ ืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชึธืึผ ืึฐืึตืึตืึฐ ืึฐืึทืงึผึตืฉื ืึทืึดื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐืงึทื ึผึตืึท ืึธืึธืื ืึผึถืขึธืคึธืจ ืืึน ืึผึดืฆึฐืจืึนืจ ืืึน ืึผึฐืงืึนืจึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
43 |
+
"ืึตืื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึนื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผืึน ืฆืึนืึธื ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืงึผึฐืึธืจืึนืช ืึฐืึนื ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึทืึผึตืช ืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึฐืึดื ืึดืจึฐืึดืืง ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช ืึดื ืึทืงึผึถืึถืจ ืืึน ืึดื ืึทืึผึตืช ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึฐืึธื ืึดื ืฉืึถืงึผึธืจึธื ืึผึฐืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผืึน ืืึนืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
44 |
+
"ืึผึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึถืึธืึธืฉื ืฉืึถืืึผืึทื ืึทืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึนื ื ึดืฉืึฐืชึผึทืึผึตืฉื ืึผืึน ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐื ึถืึฐืึผืึน ืึฒืึธื ืึนื ืึผึฐืชืึนืืึน. ืึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึถืึธืึธืฉื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐืชืึนืืึน. ืึธืืึผ ืฉืึฐื ึตื ืึผึธืชึผึดืื ืึดืึผึตื ืึถืึธื ืึตืึถื ืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึฐืึธืึทืจ ืขึทื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื ืึฐืึถื. ืึฒืจึตื ืึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื ืกึธืคึตืง ืึดื ืึดืึฐืึดืื ืึน ืึฐืึธืึฐ ืึดื ืึนื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึตืื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผืึน ืึฐืึทืชึผึฐืึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึดื ืงึธืจึธื ืึธืฆึธื. ืึธืึทืจ ืึผึทื ืึถื ืึฒืจึตื ืฉืึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึฐืึปืึผึธื ึดืื ืึฐืึตืื ืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฒืฆึทืจ ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึฐืืึผื ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผืึน ืึฐืืึผืฉืึดืื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผืึน ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข:",
|
45 |
+
"ืึฐืึนื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืึถืึผึธื ืึผึธื ืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึดืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืึทืงึผึนืึถืฉื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึน ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึฒืึธืจืึน ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืึนื. ืึฐืึนื ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึน ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืึถืึผึธื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึฐืึทืจึฐืึตืจ ืึผึฐืึดืึผืึน ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึผืึดืึฐืงืึนื ืึทืึผึดื ึนืคึถืช ืึฐืืึผื ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผืึน ืฆืึนืึธื ืึผืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึธืกืึผืจ:",
|
46 |
+
"ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึนื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืจึธื ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืงึนืึถืฉื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดื ึผืึผืึดืื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืจึทืืึผื ืึฐืึทื ึผืึผื ืึฐื ึถืึฑืึธื ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึฐืึธืึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื. ืึฒืึธื ืึทืฉึผืึตืืึนืช ืึทืึฐืึปืึธืึดืื ืึฐืึตื ืึทืฉึผืึตืืึนืช ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธื ื ึดืึฐืึธืงึดืื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึฐืึทืึฐืึผึดืืจึธื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึผืึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืึธืฉืึธื. ืึฐืึดื ื ึดืึฐืึผึทืึผึตื ืืึน ืึฐืึทืคึฐืจึดืืฉื ืึดื ืึผึธืึธืจ ืึธืึธืกืึผืจ ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึถืจึฐืึธืฅ ืืึน ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึทืคึฐืจึดืืฉื ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผึดืึฐืฉืืึนื ืงึนืึถืฉื ืึผืึฐืขึดื ึฐืึฐื ึตื ืงึนืึถืฉื:",
|
47 |
+
"ืฆืึนืึทืช ืึธืึธืึธื ืึฐืฆืึนืึทืช ืึผึฐืึธืึดืื ืึทืึฒืึดืืจึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึธื ืขืึนืจืึนืช ืึฐืึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืฉืึถืจึตืืึธืึผ ืจึทืข ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึตืึผืึผ ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื. ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ืึธืึธื. ืึฒืึธื ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ืึผึฐืึตืึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื. ืงึธืึธื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึธืืึนื ืึถืึฑืื ืึผึฐืึทืึดืช ืึผึธืึธื ืึผึดืึฐืึตื ืฉืึถืึผึนืืึทื ืึทืึผึธืืึนื ืึผึดืฉืึฐืึนืฉืึธื ืึผึตืืฆึตื ืึผึธืึธื ืึตืื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืงึดืื ืึนื ืึดืฆึผืึนืึธืชืึน ืึฐืึนื ืึดืึผึตื ืจึทืึฐืึธืื:",
|
48 |
+
"ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืึฐืึตืฉืึธื ืึผึฐืึถืจึถืฉื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึฐืึตืฉืึธื ืืึนืชึตืจ ืึตืึถืจึถืฉื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึดื ืึฐืจึธืงึธืึผ ืชึผึดืชึฐืคึผึธืจึตืึฐ ืึฒืจึตื ืึดืื ืึผึฐืขึธืคึธืจ ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ. ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ึผึดืึฐืึฐืขืึผ ืึผึทืงึผึทืจึฐืงึทืข ืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึดืืึดืื ืึทืึผึธื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื ืึฐืึดื ืึธืื ืึปืชึผึธืจ:",
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"ืึผึทืึผึธื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึธืึธื ืึดืฆึผืึนืึธื ืึผืึดืึผึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืงึฐืจึธื, ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช. ืึผึทืึผึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึตื ืึดืึผึทืึฒืืึนืจึธืื ืืึน ืึดืฆึผึดืึผึธืื ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืคึผึธื ึธืื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึตืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืจึฐืึถื ืืึนืชึธื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึดืงึฐืจึธื:",
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50 |
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"ืึผึทืึผึถื ืึผึฐืึธืจึดืื ืึฒืืึผืจึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืขึดืึผึธืึถื ืึผึทืึผึทืึดืช ืึผึฐืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึธืึถื ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึธื ืฉืึธื ืึธืงืึนื ืึผึธืืึนืึผึท ืึตืึถื ืขึฒืฉืึธืจึธื ืึฐืคึธืึดืื ืืึน ื ึธืืึผืึฐ ืึตืึถื ืขึฒืฉืึธืจึธื ืึฐืคึธืึดืื ืืึนืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืฆึทื ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืคึฐืกึธืง ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึทืึผึดืืขึท ืืึน ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข. ืึฐืึตื ืึดื ืึผึธืคึธื ืึผึฐืึดื ืขึทื ืึทืฆึผืึนืึธื ืืึน ืขึทื ืึตืืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตื ืขึดืึผืึน ืึผึทืึผึทืึดืช ืึฒืจึตื ืึตืึผืึผ ืึผึดืงึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึผืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื:",
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"ืึธืึธื ืึผึตืื ืึน ืึผืึตืื ืึทืฆึผืึนืึธื ืึฐืึดืฆึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืึฐืืึผืึดืืช ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืจืึนืึถื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึตืึทืึฒืจึตื ืึทืึผึฐืืึผืึดืืช ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐืฆึดืึผึธืึผ. ื ึธืชึทื ืจึฐืึดืืขึดืืช ืึทืึดื ืึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืฉืึถื ืคึผึทืขึทื ืึทืึทืช ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึดืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืชืึนืึฐ ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช:",
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52 |
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"ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืึผึฐืืึผืึธื ืขืึนืึตื ืึผึฐืกึทื ึฐืึผึธืืึน ืขึทื ืึทืึผืึผืึธื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืกึทื ึฐืึผึธืืึน ื ืึนืึตืขึท ืึผึธืึผ. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผืึน ืฆืึนืึธื ืึฐืขืึผืึธื ืึผึฐืืึนืชึตืจ ืึผึฐืืึน ืึดืคึผึธื ืจืึนืงึตืง ืขึธืึถืืึธ ืจึนืง ืขึธืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืชึฐืึผึทืกึผึถื ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ื ึฐืึดืืฉืึทืช ืฆืึนืึธื ืขึทื ืึผึฐืฉืึธืจืึน ืืึน ืึธืึธืื ืึฐืึปื ึผึธืคืึนืช ืึดืึผึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื ืึฐืึนื ืึธืึธื ืึธืึถื ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข ืึผึฐืึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืงึธืึฐื ึธื ืืึน ืึทืึฐืฉืืึผืชึธื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึธืึถื ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืึธืึผ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ึธืึผ ื ึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืขืึนืึตื ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐื ึดืจึฐืึตืืช ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืืึนืฉืึตื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืงึทื ึผึตืึท ืึธืคึถื ืึธ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึถื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึทืฆึผืึนืึธื ืึธืึธื ืึดืื ืึฐืึตืฉื ืึธืึผ ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข. ืึฐืึทืึผึธื ืึผึฐืืึนื ึดืื ืืึนืจืึผ ืฉืึถืึธืกืึผืจ ืืึน ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึธืึธืื ืึฐืึปื ึผึธืคืึนืช ืึฐืึธืึฐ ืจึธืืึผื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช:",
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53 |
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"ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืืึน ืขึดืงึผึธืจ ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืืณโ ืึทืึผืึนืช ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึดื ืคึผึธืกึทืง ืึธืจึตืืึท. ืึฐืึดื ืึนื ืคึผึธืกึทืง ืึธืจึตืืึท ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืขึทื ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืคึผึธืกึทืง ืึธืจึตืืึท. ืึฐืฉืึถืึตืื ืืึน ืขึดืงึผึธืจ ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึธื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืจืึผืึท ืึดืึผึฐืึทืึผึธื ืึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืขึทื ืึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึธืจึตืืึท ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึผึฐืจึธืฃ ืฉืึถื ืจึฐืขึดื ืึทืขึฒืึดืื ืฉืึถื ืึตืืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธื ืึฐืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืืึผื ืึฐืึตืื ืึธืึถื ืจึตืืึท ืจึทืข ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึตื ืึผึฐืึตืืช ืึทืึผึดืกึผึตื:",
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"ืฆืึนืึธื ืขืึนืึถืจึถืช ืึผึฐืืึนื ืฉืึถืึธืึฐืชึธื ืฉืึธืึธื ืขึทื ืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึทืึดื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ. ืึผืคึดื ืึฒืึดืืจ ืึผึฐืฆืึนืึธื ืขืึนืึถืจึถืช ืึผึธืึดื ืึฐืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึทืึฐืจืึผ ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืึทืจึฐืึผึทืข ืึทืึผืึนืช:",
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55 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึดืึฐืงืึนื ืึทืึผึดื ึผึนืคึถืช ืึนื ืึทื ึผึดืืึท ืึธืืึน ืขึทื ืคึผึดืื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืขึฒืึนืจ ืึตืืึนืชืึน ืึธืงืึนื. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืงึผืึนืจึตื ืฉืึถืึผึธืฆึฐืชึธื ืึดืึผึถื ึผืึผ ืจืึผืึท ืึดืึผึฐืึทืึผึธื ืึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึผึทืึฒืฉืึธืึผ ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึดืงึฐืจึดืืึธืชืึน. ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื. ืึธืฆึฐืชึธื ืจืึผืึท ืึตืึฒืึตืจืึน ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืึดืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึตืื ืึน ืคึผืึนืกึตืง ืึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื:",
|
56 |
+
"ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึฐืึทืึดืช ืึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึดื ืึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืืึน ืึตืืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืืึน ืึตืื ืฉืึธื ืึฒืจึตื ืึถื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึธืึธื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึผึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืึฐื ึดืกึฐืชึผึทืคึผึตืง ืืึน ืึดื ืึตืฉื ืฉืึธื ืฆืึนืึธื ืืึน ืึตืื ืฉืึธื ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึผึนืง ืฉืึถืึถืึฐืงึทืช ืึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืฉืึถืึดืื ืึฐืงืึนื ืึทืึผึดื ึผึนืคึถืช. ืึฒืึธื ืกึฐืคึตืง ืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผึธืึทืฉืึฐืคึผึธื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช:",
|
57 |
+
"ืึผึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืฆืึนืึธื ืึผืึตื ืจึทืึฐืึทืึดื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืจึฐืึดืืง ืึผึธืึฐ ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืึธืขึถืจึฐืึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืคึผึธื ึธืื. ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึผืึผืชึดื ืืึน ืงึธืึธื ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึธืชึธื ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึฐืึดืฆึผึธื ืฉืึถื ืึฐืืึผืึดืืช ืึทืคึฐืกึถืงึถืช ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐืืึผื ืจืึนืึถื ืืึนืชึธืึผ ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืคึผึธื ึธืื. ืึฐืึธื ืึผืึผืฃ ืึธืึดืฉึผืึธื ืขึถืจึฐืึธื ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึนื ืึดืกึฐืชึผึทืึผึตื ืึผึฐืืึผืฃ ืึธืึดืฉึผืึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืงืึนืจึตื ืึทืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผืึน. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืึปืึผึถื ืึถืคึทื ืึดืึผืึผืคึธืึผ ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐื ึถืึฐืึผึธืึผ:",
|
58 |
+
"ืึผืึฐืฉืึตื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึทืช ืึฒืึตืจึดืื ืึผึธืึฐ ืืึผื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึฐื ึถืึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน ืึฐืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืืึผื ืขึธืจึนื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืกึผึถื ืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน. ืึธืึฐืชึธื ืึฒืืึนืจึธื ืฉืึถื ืึผึถืึถื ืืึน ืขืึนืจ ืืึน ืฉืึทืง ืขึทื ืึธืชึฐื ึธืื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืฉึผืึฐืึธืจ ืึผืึผืคืึน ืขึธืจึนื ืึปืชึผึธืจ ืืึน ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืึฐืึถื ืขึฒืงึตืืึน ื ืึนืึตืขึท ืึผึฐืขึถืจึฐืึธืชืึน. ืึธืึธื ืึธืฉืึตื ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืืชืึน ืึฐืึธืึธื ืขึธืจึนื ืืึนืฆึตืฅ ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืืชืึน ืึดืชึผึทืึทืช ืึดืึผืึน ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฒืึธื ืึนื ืึธืึนืฅ ืฆึทืึผึธืืจืึน ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึผืึน ืจืึนืึถื ืึถืช ืึธืขึถืจึฐืึธื ืึฐื ึดืึฐืฆึธื ืึผึฐืึดื ืฉืึถืงึผืึนืจึตื ืึผึฐืึนื ืึฒืืึนืจึธื:",
|
59 |
+
"ืฉืึฐื ึทืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืึฐืฉืึตื ึดืื ืึผึฐืึทืึผึดืืช ืึทืึทืช ืึผึธื ืึถืึธื ืึตืึถื ืึธืกืึผืจ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืกึผึถื ืึดืชึผึทืึทืช ืึดืึผืึน ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึทืคึฐืกึถืงึถืช ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืึผึทืข ืึผึฐืฉืึทืจ ืึถื ืึผึดืึฐืฉืึทืจ ืึถื ืึดืึผึธืชึฐื ึธืื ืึผืึฐืึทืึผึธื. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึธืฉืึตื ืขึดื ืึดืฉืึฐืชึผืึน ืืึน ืึผึธื ึธืื ืึผืึฐื ึตื ืึผึตืืชืึน ืึทืงึผึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืึฒืจึตื ืึผืึผืคึธื ืึผึฐืืึผืคืึน ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืึทืจึฐืึผึดืืฉื ืึตืึถื. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืฉืึธืจืึน ื ืึนืึตืขึท ืึผึธืึถื ืึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืคึผึธื ึธืื ืึฐืืึนืฆึตืฅ ืึดืชึผึทืึทืช ืึดืึผืึน ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื:",
|
60 |
+
"ืขึทื ืึตืืึธืชึทื ืึตื ืงึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืึฐืขึดื ึฐืึธื ืึถื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึธืึธืจ ืึผึถื ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืื ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืงึตืึธื ืึผึทืช ืึทืึทืช ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึตื ืชึผึทืึฐื ึดืืชึธื ืึผึฐืชึทืึฐื ึดืืช ืึผึฐืืึนืึดืื <small>(ืืืืงืื ืื ื)</small> ืดืฉืึธืึทืึดื ื ึธืืึนื ืึผ ืึผืฉืึฐืขึธืจึตืึฐ ืฆึดืึผึตืึทืด. ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึผึธืึฐ ืึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึทืคึฐืกึดืืง ืึทืึผึดืืช ืึผึตืื ึตืืึถื. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืขึฒืึทืึดื ืึนื ืึธืืึผ ืฉืึธืึทืึดื ื ึธืืึนื ืึผ ืึผืฉืึฐืขึธืจึตืึฐ ืฆึดืึผึตืึท ืงืึนืจึตื ืขึดืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืงึตืจืึผื ืึผึธืฉืึธืจ ืึฐืึตืื ืึน ืฆึธืจึดืืึฐ ืึถืคึฐืกึตืง ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึถื ืึทืึผึธืึธืจ ืึผึถื ืืดื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืงึตืึธื ืึผึทืช ืฉืึฐืชึผึตืื ืขึถืฉืึฐืจึตื ืฉืึธื ึธื ืึฐืืึนื ืึถืึธื: "
|
61 |
+
],
|
62 |
+
[
|
63 |
+
"ื ึผึธืฉืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืึธืึดืื ืึผืงึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึผืึฐืึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืงึผึฐืึทื ึผึดืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืชึธืึผ ืึผึฐืขืึนื ึธืชึธืึผ ืึผืึฐืึธืจึฐืึดืื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึผึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทื ึผึฐืึธื ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึนืช. ืึดื ืฉืึถืึธืึธื ืึดืึผืึน ืึธืจืึผื ืึฐื ึถืึฐืคึผึทื ืึดืึฐืึทืจ ืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืึผึธื ืึทืึผึดืฆึฐืึนืช ืึผืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึธืชึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึธืฉืึธื ืึผึฐืชืึผืึธื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึธืืึนื ืขึธืึถืืึธ. ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืคึผึฐื ืึผืึธื ืฉืึถืึผึธื ืึนื ืึดืึฐืฆึธื ืึธืึผ ืึผึฐืชืึผืึดืื. ืึฐืึดื ืฉืึธืึธื ืขึทื ืืึนืฆึธืึตื ืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึฐืึนื ืึผึธืขึทื ืึทืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึดืึผืึนืฆึธืึตื ืฉืึทืึผึธืช ืึฐืึตืืึธืึฐ ืฉืึถืึฒืจึตื ื ึดืชึฐืงึธืจึฐืจึธื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืึฐืึดืึผืึน ืึผึทืก ืึผึธืึผ ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึผึธืขึทื:",
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"ืึฒืึธื ืึทื ึผืึนืฉืึตื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึฐืขืึผืึธื ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืขืึนืกึตืง ืึผึฐืึดืฆึฐืึธื ืึทืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐืึตืื ืืึน ืึผึธืึธืจ ืฉืึถืึผึฐืึทืึฐืึผึตื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน. ืึฐืึตื ืึผึธื ืึผึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื:",
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65 |
+
"ืึดื ืฉืึถืึผึตืช ืืึน ืึตืช ืฉืึถืืึผื ืึทืึผึธื ืึฐืึดืชึฐืึทืึผึตื ืขึธืึธืื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืึผึฐืจึถื ึผืึผ ืึดืคึผึฐื ึตื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืคึผึฐื ืึผืึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึตืชืึน ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข. ืึฐืึดื ืึธืืึผ ืึทืฉึผืืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืฉืึฐื ึทืึดื ืึธืึถืึธื ืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึฐืึทืฉึผืึตื ึดื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธื ืึฐืึธืงืึนื ืึทืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื ืึฐืืึนืึตืจ ืึผืึฐืฉืึทืึผึตืจ ืึฐื ึดืฉืึฐืึธื ืึธืึทืึตืจ ืึฐืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฐืึตื ืึทืืึนืคึตืจ ืงึถืึถืจ ืึฐืึตืช ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข:",
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66 |
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"ืึตืื ืืึนืฆึดืืึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช ืึฐืงึธืึฐืจืึน ืกึธืืึผืึฐ ืึดืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึถืึผึธื ืึดื ืึผึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธืึธื ืึผึธืืึนื. ืึฐืึดื ืึดืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืืืึผ ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืึทืงึผึฐืจึดืืึธื ืึฐืึตื ืึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช. ืึผึธื ืฉืึถืึผึตืฉื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืฆึนืจึถืึฐ ืึผึธืึถื ืึผึฐืืึนื ื ืึนืฉืึฐืึตื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึดืึผืึผืคึตืืึถื ืึฐืึดืึผืึผืคึตื ืึดืึผืึผืคึตืืึถื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืึดืคึฐื ึตื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืึผึตืื ืฉืึถืึธืืึผ ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื. ืึผืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืึฐืึทืึผึดืื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึทืึผึดืึผึธื ืฆึนืจึถืึฐ ืึผึธืึถื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื:",
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67 |
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"ืึธืืึผ ืขึฒืกืึผืงึดืื ืึผึฐืึถืกึฐืคึผึตื ืึฐืึดืึผึดืืขึท ืึฐืึทื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึดืึฐืึทื ืฉืึถืึทืึผึตืช ืึปื ึผึธื ืึดืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ื ึดืฉืึฐืึธืึดืื ืึถืึธื ืึถืึธื ืึฐืงืึนืจึฐืึดืื ืึฐืืึนืึฐืจึดืื ืึทืึถืกึฐืคึผึตื. ืึตืื ืึทืึผึตืช ืึปืึผึธื ืึดืคึฐื ึตืืึถื ืึผึธื ืึธืขึธื ืงืึนืจึดืื ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึธืึธืึตื ืืึนืฉืึตื ืึฐืืึนืึตื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึน ืึทืึผึธื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืงึฐืึผึนืจ ืึถืช ืึตืชืึน:",
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68 |
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"ืงึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึถืช ืึทืึผึตืช ืึฐืึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืชึผึทื ึฐืืึผืึดืื ืึฐืึธื ืึธืขึธื ืืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึทืึฒืจึตืืึถื ืึดืึผึฐืงืึนื ืึทืงึผึถืึถืจ ืึทืึผึธืงืึนื ืฉืึถืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผืึน ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึทืขึฒืฉืืึนืช ืฉืืึผืจึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึตื ืชึผึทื ึฐืืึผืึดืื. ืึดื ืึฐืืึนืึดืื ืึธืขึธื ืึฐืึทืชึฐืึดืื ืึฐืึดืึฐืึนืจ ืึฒืคึดืึผืึผ ืคึผึธืกืึผืง ืึถืึธื ืงึนืึถื ืฉืึถืึผึทืึผึดืืขืึผ ืึทืฉึผืืึผืจึธื ืึทืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึฐืึดื ืึธืื ืึนื ืึทืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึถืึผึธื ืึฐื ึทืึฒืืึผ ืึถืช ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึฐืึทืึทืจ ืฉืึถืึผึดืคึผึธืึฐืจืึผ ืึตืึถื ืึทืชึฐืึดืืืึผ ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช. ืึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึธื ืึธืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึทืฉึผืืึผืจึธื, ืึทืคึผึฐื ึดืืึดืึผึดืื ืฉืึถืึตื ืจืึนืึดืื ืคึผึฐื ึตื ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืคึผึฐืืึผืจึดืื ืึดืงึผึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึทืึดืืฆืึนื ึดืื ืืึนืึดืื ืึฐืึตืื ึธื ืจืึนืึดืื ืึถืช ืึธืึฒืึตืึดืื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึดืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผึดืึฐืงืึนืึธื:",
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"ืึผึธื ืึดื ืฉืึถืืึผื ืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืึผึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึดื ืจึธืฆึธื ืึฐืึทืึฒืึดืืจ ืขึทื ืขึทืฆึฐืืึน ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงืึนืจึตื. ืึฐืืึผื ืฉืึถืชึผึฐืึตื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืคึผึฐื ืึผืึธื ืขึธืึธืื. ืึฒืึธื ืึดื ืึธืึธื ืึถื ืึทืคึผึธืืึผืจ ืึดืึผึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึฐืึนืึธื ืึตืื ืึน ืจึทืฉึผืึทืื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืขึทื ืฉืึถืชึผึดืชึฐืึทืฉึผืึตื ืึผึทืขึฐืชึผืึน ืขึธืึธืื:",
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70 |
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"ืึผึธื ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึดืื ืึทืึผึธืึดืื ืึผึดืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึผืึฐืึธืจึฐืึดืื ืึฐืคึธื ึถืืึธ ืึผืึฐืึทืึฒืจึถืืึธ ืึฐืึตื ืึผึฐืึปืึฐืึธืชึธื. ืึทืฃ ืขึทื ืคึผึดื ืฉืึถืึถืคึฐืฉืึธืจ ืึธืึถื ืึทืขึฒืืึนืช ืึดืึผึปืึฐืึธืชึธื ืึผืึน ืึผึทืึผืึนื ืึผึฐืืึนื ืึทื ึผืึนืึฐืขึดืื ืึผึฐืฉืึถืจึถืฅ ืืึน ืึผึฐื ึดืึผึธื ืึฐืึธืึธื ืึผืึดืฉืึฐืึผึธืึธืึผ ืึฐืึทืึผืึนืฆึตื ืึผึธืึถื. ืึฐืขึถืึฐืจึธื ืึผืึตืืช ืึผึดืื ืึน ืชึผึดืงึผึฐื ืึผ ืฉืึถืึผึนื ืึดืงึฐืจึธื ืึผึฐืึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึผึทืขึทื ืงึถืจึดื ืึฐืึทืึผืึน ืึฐืืึนืฆึดืืืึผืืึผ ืึดืึผึฐืึทื ืฉืึฐืึธืจ ืึทืึผึฐืึตืึดืื ืขึทื ืฉืึถืึผึดืึฐืึผื. ืึฐืึนื ืคึผึธืฉืึฐืึธื ืชึผึทืงึผึธื ึธื ืืึน ืึผึฐืึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึฐืึนื ืึธืึธื ืึผึนืึท ืึผึฐืจึนื ืึทืฆึผึดืึผืึผืจ ืึทืขึฒืึนื ืึผึธืึผ ืึฐืคึดืืึธืึฐ ืึผึธืึฐืึธื. ืึผืึฐืึธืจ ื ึธืึฒืืึผ ืึผึธื ืึดืฉืึฐืจึธืึตื ืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืึผึทืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึฐืึดืงึฐืจืึนืช ืงึฐืจึดืืึทืช ืฉืึฐืึทืข ืึฐืึตื ืึผึทืขึฒืึตื ืงึฐืจึธืึดืื ืึฐืคึดื ืฉืึถืึตืื ืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึถืึผึธื ืขืึนืึฐืึดืื ืึผึฐืึธืึณืจึธืชึธื ืึฐืขืึนืึธื ืฉืึถื ึผึถืึฑืึทืจ <small>(ืืจืืื ืื ืื)</small> ืดืึฒืืึนื ืึนื ืึฐืึธืจึดื ืึผึธืึตืฉื ื ึฐืึปื ืึฐืึธืณโืด ืึธื ืึตืฉื ืึตืื ึธืึผ ืึฐืงึทืึผึถืึถืช ืึปืึฐืึธื ืึทืฃ ืึผึดืึฐืจึตื ืชึผืึนืจึธื ืึตืื ึธื ืึฐืงึทืึผึฐืึดืื ืึปืึฐืึธื:"
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"versions": [
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[
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"Torat Emet 370",
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"http://www.toratemetfreeware.com/index.html?downloads"
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข",
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"categories": [
|
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"Halakhah",
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"Mishneh Torah",
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"Sefer Ahavah"
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967.json
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{
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"language": "en",
|
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll",
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"versionSource": "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH002108864",
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"versionTitle": "Maimonides' Mishneh Torah, edited by Philip Birnbaum, New York, 1967",
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"status": "locked",
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"priority": 1.0,
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"digitizedBySefaria": true,
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื ืืืจืืืดื, ื ืขืจื ืืืื ืคืืืืค ืืืจื ืืืื, ื ืื ืืืจืง 1967",
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"shortVersionTitle": "Philip Birnbaum, 1967",
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"purchaseInformationImage": "https://storage.googleapis.com/sefaria-physical-editions/fa40bc058da09832fdf6dde2318c2610.png",
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"actualLanguage": "en",
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"languageFamilyName": "english",
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"direction": "ltr",
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื",
|
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"categories": [
|
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"Halakhah",
|
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"Mishneh Torah",
|
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"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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],
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"text": [
|
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[
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"The four biblical sections which begin with verses โConsecrate all the first-born to meโฆ And when the Lord will bring you into the landโ (Exodus 13:1-10; 11:16), โHear, O Israelโฆ And if you will carefully obey my commandsโ (Deuteronomy 6:4-9; 11:13-21) are written separately and covered within a small square box of leather. They are called <i>tefillin;</i> and are worn one on the head and one on the left arm.โ โ",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"There are three kinds of parchment: <i>gvil, klaf</i> and <i>duxustus</i>. They are made as follows: The skin of a sheep, goat, or other animal, is taken, and after removing its hair, is sprinkled with salt and treated with flour and gall-nut resin, or anything that contracts the pores of the hide and makes it durable. This parchment is called <i>gvil</i>.",
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"If the hide had been split, after removing its hair, so as to make it two skins, one thin which was next to the hair, and the other thick which was next to the flesh, and these were treated first with salt, then with flour and gall-nut resin or similar substance, the skin which had been next to the hair is called <i>klaf</i> (outer-skin parchment), and that which had been next to the flesh is called <i>duxustus</i> (inner-skin parchment).",
|
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+
"According to an ancient tradition, attributed to Moses at Sinai, a <i>Sefer Torah</i> should be written on <i>gvil</i> (unsplit parchment), on the side which was next to the hair; <i>tefillin</i> should be written on <i>klaf</i> (the exterior part of the split hide), on the side which was near the flesh); a <i>Mezuzah</i> should be written on <i>duxustus</i> (the inner part of the split hide), on the side that was next to the hair. If the scribe has written on a <i>klaf</i> next to the hair, or on a <i>gvil</i> or <i>duxustus</i> next to the flesh, the <i>Sefer Torah, tefillin</i> and <i>Mezuzah</i> so written are disqualified.",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"According to an ancient tradition, attributed to Moses at Sinai, a <i>Sefer Torah</i> and a <i>Mezuzah</i> must be written only on traced lines. <i>Tefillin</i> do not need traced lines, because they are covered (within a leather box). <i>Tefillin</i> and a <i>Mezuzah</i> may be written from memory, because these passages are generally known by heart. A <i>Sefer Torah</i>, however, must not be written from memory, not even a single letter."
|
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],
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[],
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[],
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[
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"Where are the <i>tefillin</i> placed? The head-phylactery is placed on the upper part of the head where the hair next to the forehead ends; it is the place where the childโs brain pulsates. The phylactery should be adjusted in the center of the forehead, between the eyes. The knot should be at the top of the neck in the back, which is the end of the skull. ",
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+
"The hand-phylactery is attached to the left arm over the biceps, which is the flesh rising above the elbow, between the shoulder-blade and the forearm, so that when the upper arm is held close to the ribs the phylactery will be opposite the heart, in keeping with the precept: โThese words โฆ shall be on your heartโ (Deuteronomy 6:6). ",
|
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"",
|
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"",
|
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"",
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"When a person has recited the blessing for wearing the phylacteries and tied the hand-phylactery onto his arm, he must not talk, not even return a greeting to his master, till he has put on the head-phylactery. If he did talk, he has committed a transgression, and must recite another blessing โconcerning the precept of <i>tefillin</i>,โ and then he puts on the head-phylactery. ",
|
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"",
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"The sanctity of the <i>tefillin</i> is profound. As long as a man wears the <i>tefillin</i> on his head and arm, he is humble and God-fearing, is not drawn into frivolity and idle talk, does not engage in evil thoughts but fills his mind with thoughts of truth and justice. One should therefore strive to wear phylacteries all day, which is the right way of performing this precept. It is said of Rav, the disciple of our saintly Master [Rabbi Judah the Prince] that throughout his life no one saw him walking four cubits without Torah, <i>tsitsith</i>, or <i>tefillin</i>. ",
|
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+
"Although the requirement is prescribed for wearing them the whole day, it is especially so during the recital of prayers. The sages said: โWhoever reads the <i>Shema</i> without wearing phylacteries is regarded as if he offered false evidence against himself [since the <i>tefillin</i> precept is contained in the <i>Shema</i>]. And whoever does not wear phylacteries at all breaks eight affirmative precepts, since in each of the four passages the command is given to wear a head-phylactery and a hand-phylactery. Whoever wears phylacteries regularly will enjoy a long life, as it is written: โThe Lord is upon them, they shall liveโ (Isaiah 38:16)."
|
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],
|
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[],
|
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[],
|
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[
|
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"Every Jew is affirmatively commanded to write a <i>Sefer Torah</i> for his own use, as it is written: \"Now therefore write down this song for yourselves\" (Deuteronomy 31:19). This means: Write down the Torah which contains this song, for the Torah is not written in separate sections. Even if a person has inherited a <i>Sefer Torah</i> from his forebears, it is a religious duty to write one at his own expense. If he wrote it with his own hand, it is as if he had received it at Mount Sinai. If he does not know how to write one, he should have others write it for him. Anyone who corrects a single letter in a <i>Sefer Torah</i> is credited with writing all of it.",
|
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+
"",
|
73 |
+
"",
|
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+
"If a <i>Sefer Torah</i> has been written without traced lines, or partly on <i>gvil</i> parchment and partly on <i>klaf</i>, it is disqualified. It must be written entirely either on <i>gvil</i> or on <i>klaf</i>. How should a <i>Sefer Torah</i> be written? The scribe must use a correct, fine script; he is to leave the space of a small letter between words, and a hair space between letters; he should leave the space of a line between lines. The length of each line is to be thirty letters, wide enough for a ten-letter word written three times.โ โ"
|
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+
],
|
76 |
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[
|
77 |
+
"An open section in the Torah has two forms. If the scribe has completed the preceding section in the middle of the line, he should leave the rest of the line blank and start the open section at the beginning of the next line. This applies only to a case where the last unfinished line still has space for nine letters; but if the space left is less, or if the preceding section has been completed at the end of the line, then the scribe must leave the next line blank and start the open section at the beginning of the third line.",
|
78 |
+
"A closed section has three forms. If the scribe has completed the preceding section in the middle of the line, he must leave a blank space sufficient for nine letters and start at the end of the line with one word of the closed section, so that the blank space is between it and the preceding section. If space for the required blank has not been left enough to write one word at the end of the line, the scribe should leave the rest of the line blank, then indent the next line somewhat and start the closed section within the line. If the scribe completed the preceding section at the end of the line, he should leave the required blank space at the beginning of the second line and start to write the closed section within the line. Hence you may say that the beginning of an open section is always at the beginning of the line, and the beginning of a closed section is always in the middle of the line.",
|
79 |
+
"A <i>Sefer Torah</i> that is incorrect in regard to the <i>plene</i> and defective spellings can be corrected as we have already explained. But if the scribe made a mistake in the spacing between the sections, and wrote an open section in the form of a closed section or a closed section in the form of an open one, or left a blank space where a section is not ended, or continued writing without leaving a blank space where a section ends, or deviated from the prescribed form of the poetic passages, then the <i>Sefer Torah</i> is disqualified for use and there is no remedy for it other than discarding the entire column in which the scribe committed the error.",
|
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+
"Inasmuch as I have detected much blundering in all the scrolls of the Torah that I have examined with regard to these things, while the Masorites who write books about open and closed sections differ on the basis of varied scrolls upon which they rely, I have seen fit to list here all the closed and open sections as well as the forms of the poetic verses, so that all the scrolls may be prepared and corrected accordingly. The copy on which I have relied as to these things is the well-known codex in Egypt, containing the twenty-four books of the Bible, which was used in Jerusalem for many years as the standard text for the proofreading of scrolls. All relied upon it, because it had been examined by Ben-Asher who had paid close attention to it for many years, correcting it as often as he was copying from it. It was this codex from which I copied the scroll and prepared it according to the traditional rules.<br>The song on crossing the Red Sea (Exodus 15:1-19) should be written in thirty lines, the first line as usual; the other lines, one with a blank space in the middle, the next with blank spaces in two places, so that the line is divided into three parts, with a blank space corresponding to writing above and below it, like thisโฆ (See the Hebrew text.)<br>Throughout the Torah, in the poetic verses as well as in the remaining text, the scribe should aim to write the letters of each word close together, seeing to it that they are not joined to each other, nor far from each other to make the word seem two words; there should be merely a hair space separating the letters. If the scribe wrote one letter so far apart from the other that a child who is not familiar with the text would regard one word as two words, the scroll is disqualified until the correction is made."
|
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+
],
|
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+
[],
|
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+
[
|
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+
"Hence you may infer that there are twenty things, each of which disqualifies a <i>Sefer Torah</i>. If any of these occurs, the <i>Sefer Torah</i> is like a regular <i>Hummash</i> out of which children are taught; it has not the sanctity of a <i>Sefer Torah</i>, and is not used for congregational reading. They follow:<br>1) If it was written on the skin of an unclean animal; 2) if it was written on the skin of a clean animal that had not been made into parchment; 3) if the skin had been made into parchment but not for the express purpose of writing a <i>Sefer Torah;</i> 4) if it was written on the wrong side: on <i>gvil</i> next to the flesh, or on <i>klaf</i> next to the hair; 5) if it was written partly on <i>gvil</i> and partly on <i>klaf;</i> 6) if it was written on <i>duxustus;</i> 7) if it was written without traced lines; 8) if it was not written with indelible black ink; 9) if it was written in any language other than Hebrew; 10) if the scribe who wrote it was a heretic or one of other disqualified individuals; 11) if the scribe wrote the names of God without intent; 12) if he omitted a single letter; 13) if he added one letter; 14) if one letter touched another; 15) if one letter was so distorted that it cannot be read at all, or resembles another letter; 16) if the scribe wrote letters so far apart or so closely together that one word looks like two words or two words look like one word; 17) if he altered the form of the sections; 18) if he altered the form of the poetic verses; 19) if he wrote any other section in the form of a poetic passage; 20) if he did not sew the parchment sheets with dried tendon of a clean animal.โ โ"
|
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],
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"sectionNames": [
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"Chapter",
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}
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Mishneh Torah, trans. by Eliyahu Touger. Jerusalem, Moznaim Pub. c1986-c2007.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
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1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
|
5 |
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"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
6 |
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"license": "CC0",
|
7 |
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืจืืื ืงืืืืช ืกืคืจืื",
|
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืืืืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื",
|
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"categories": [
|
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"Halakhah",
|
16 |
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"Mishneh Torah",
|
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"Sefer Ahavah"
|
18 |
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],
|
19 |
+
"text": [
|
20 |
+
[
|
21 |
+
"The four section from the Torah are: \"Sanctify to me...\"; \"When you bring...\", which are in the book of Shemot; and \"Listen...\" and \"When you listen...\" They are written separately, and we cover them with leather, and they are called tefillin. We place them on the head and tie it on the arm, even if one crown of one letter of the four section are not properly written, the Torah says that they are prevented from being fit, until they are written completely as they have been established...",
|
22 |
+
"And so too the sections that are in the mezuzah are: \"shma\" and \"v'hayah im shamoah\". Even if one letter is missing from the two sections, if there is even one calligraphical ornament removed from the Torah until they are written completely, and so too with a Torah scroll that is missing one letter is invalid.Tefillin have ten details that are all halachah according to Moses from Sinai, and all of them prevents tefillin from being it, therefore if one changes one of them those are unfit tefillin. Two of these are with regards to their writing, and eight of them are regarding the covering and the tying of the straps. These are the two regarding their writing: They must be written in ink, and they must be written on parchment",
|
23 |
+
"",
|
24 |
+
"",
|
25 |
+
"",
|
26 |
+
"",
|
27 |
+
"",
|
28 |
+
"",
|
29 |
+
"",
|
30 |
+
"",
|
31 |
+
"",
|
32 |
+
"",
|
33 |
+
"",
|
34 |
+
"",
|
35 |
+
"",
|
36 |
+
"",
|
37 |
+
"",
|
38 |
+
"",
|
39 |
+
"Tefillin and Mezuzot cannot be written except for in Assyrian script. And for Torah scrolls, they allowed it to be written also in Greek, but this Greek language has already disappeared from the world and been lost, so today all three may only be written in Assyrian script. And he must be careful in their writing that two letters not stick together, for any letter that is not surrounded by parchment on all four sides is disqualified. And any letter that a child who is not wise, nor a fool, cannot read is disqualified. Therefore, he must be careful with forming the letters that a yud not look like a vav, nor a vav a yud, nor a kaf a bet, nor a bet a kaf, nor a dalet a reish, nor a reish a dalet, and the like, until the reader will not have trouble."
|
40 |
+
],
|
41 |
+
[],
|
42 |
+
[],
|
43 |
+
[
|
44 |
+
"",
|
45 |
+
"",
|
46 |
+
"",
|
47 |
+
"",
|
48 |
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"",
|
49 |
+
"...One who said the blessing \"to lay on Tefillin\" and tied on the Tefillin of the hand, it is forbidden for him to talk, and even to return greetings to his teacher, until he places on that of the head. And if he spoke, this is a sin, and he must say a second blessing, \"concerning the precept of Tefillin,\" and the he places on that of the head.",
|
50 |
+
"",
|
51 |
+
"--"
|
52 |
+
],
|
53 |
+
[
|
54 |
+
"How is the Mezuzah written? One writes two paragraphs, Shema and Vehaya Im Shamoah on one page, on one sheet, and with space below it and above, equal to the width of half a fingernail. And if he wrote it on two or three pages it is Kosher, so long as he did not shape the text like a tail [wide at the top and narrow at the bottom -- triangular] or circular, or like a tent [triangle wide at the bottom and narrow at the top], and if he did it one of those ways it is invalid. If he wrote it in the wrong order, such as a section before a section [that should precede it] it is invalid. If he wrote it on two skins even if he stitched them together it is invalid. A Mezuzah may not be written on a worn out Torah Scroll or on worn out tefillin because one does not go down from a grave holiness to a mild holiness.",
|
55 |
+
"",
|
56 |
+
"",
|
57 |
+
"The simple practice is that we write on the *mezuza* on the outside, opposite the space between one paragraph and another, \"*Shaddai*.\" And there is no loss from this, since it is on the outside. However, those who write on the inside the names of the angels, holy names, a verse, or signatures, these are among those who have no portion in the world to come. For these simpletons, it is not enough for them that they invalidated the commandment, but they treated a great commadment - the unifications of the name of the Holy One, blessed be He, with His love, and His service - as if it is an amulet for their own benefit, as it arose on their hearts the foolish idea that this is something that will provide benefit with respect to the vanities of the world.",
|
58 |
+
"",
|
59 |
+
"When we fold it, we roll it from the end of the line to its beginning such that when the reader opens to read, he will read from the beginning of the line to its end. And after one rolls it, one places it in a tube of reed or of wood or anything and attaches it to the doorpost of the entrance with a nail or digs into the doorpost of the entrance and inserts the mezuzah [scroll] into it.",
|
60 |
+
"And before one affixes it onto the doorpost of the entrance, one first blesses, \"Praised are You Lord our God King of the Universe who makes us holy with His commandments and command us to affix a mezuzah\". And one does not bless at the time of writing it since its affixing, that is the commandment.",
|
61 |
+
"",
|
62 |
+
"",
|
63 |
+
"Everybody is obligated in the Mitzvah of Mezuzah, even women and slaves. We educate minors to perform the Mitzvah of Mezuzah for their houses. One who rents a house outside the Land, and one who dwells in an inn in the Land of Israel, is exempt from putting up a Mezuzah for 30 days. But one who rents a house in the Land of Israel is obligated to put up a Mezuzah immediately."
|
64 |
+
],
|
65 |
+
[
|
66 |
+
"There are ten conditions on a house, and after [meeting] such, the occupant of it is obligated to do a mezuzah for himself. And if it lacks one condition out of them, one is exempt from the commandment. And these are them: that it will be an area of four cubits by four cubits or more; that it will have two doorposts; and it will have a lintel; and it will have a roof; and it will have doors; and the entrance will have a height of ten handbreadths or more; and that house will be for ordinary [i.e. non-sacred] use; and it will be made for the occupancy of a human; and made for the occupancy of [something] respectful; and made for fixed occupancy. ",
|
67 |
+
"",
|
68 |
+
"",
|
69 |
+
"",
|
70 |
+
"",
|
71 |
+
"",
|
72 |
+
"",
|
73 |
+
"",
|
74 |
+
"A toilet, a bath house, a mikveh, and a tannery and those like them, are exempt from a mezuzah because they are not used as a dignified dwelling. A sukkah on Sukkot and a house on a boat are exempt from having a mezuzah because they are not used as fixed dwellings. Two booths of potters, one inside the other, the outer one is exempt from the mezuzah because it is not fixed. Stores in the market are exempt because they are not fixed as dwellings.",
|
75 |
+
"A house which has many entrances, despite that it is unusual to go out and come in other than through one of them, one is obligated to make a mezuzah on every single entrance. A small entrance between a house and an upper room - one is obligated in [affixing] a mezuzah. A room which is in the house, even a room within a room, one is obligated to make a mezuzah on the entrance of the inner room and the entrance of the outer and on the entrance of the house since all of them are made for occupancy and permanent.",
|
76 |
+
"",
|
77 |
+
"",
|
78 |
+
"People must be very careful about the mitzvah of mezuzah because it is an obligation on everyone at all times, so that any time they go out or come in, they will brush against the unity of the name of the Holy Blessed One and remember God's love and wake up from their sleep and errors in the futilities of daily life and know that there is nothing that lasts forever except the knowledge of the Rock of Ages. And they will then immediately return to their true knowledge and and walk on the right path. The sages said: anyone who has tefillin on their head and arm, and tzitzit on their clothing, and a mezuzah on their doorpost is safe from sin, for they have so many reminders, and they are the angels that save people from sin, as it is written, \"The angel of the LORD camps around those who fear God and rescues them.\" (Ps 34:7)"
|
79 |
+
],
|
80 |
+
[
|
81 |
+
"It is a positive commandment on every Jewish man to write a Torah scroll for himself as it says \"Write for yourself this song\", that is to say 'Write for yourself a Torah which has in it this song', because one does not write the Torah only in segments. Even if one's ancestors left him a Torah scroll, it is a mitzvah to write one for himself. If he wrote it by his own hand, it is as if he received it from Mount Sinai, and if he doesn't know how to write, others can write it for him. One who corrects a Torah scroll, even a single letter, it is as if he wrote all of it.",
|
82 |
+
"It is a positive commandment for the king to write an additional Torah scroll for himself as king, besides the one he had as a normal person, as it says, \"When he is sitting upon his throne, he shall write...\" He corrects it based on the scroll from the Temple Courtyard, according to the Sanhedrin. The one he wrote as a normal person he should place in storage, and the one he wrote or which was written for him as king should be with him always. If he goes off to war, the scroll should go with him. When he comes in, when he sits in judgement, the scroll is with him, as it says \"and it will be with him and he shall read it all the days of his life\". ",
|
83 |
+
"If he had no Torah scroll before he became king, he needs to write two after he begins to rule. One he places in his storehouse, and the second he keeps with him always, and it should never be away from him except at night, when he goes to the bath house, the bathroom, or to sleep in his bed. ",
|
84 |
+
"A Torah scroll written without engraved lines, or written partially on whole skins and partially on parchment is unfit. Either it should be entirely whole skins or entirely parchment. How does one write a Torah scroll? He writes an exceedingly correct and pleasant writing. Between each word he leaves a space like a small letter, and between each letter a space like a hair, and between each line a space like a line. Each line should be [at least] 30 letters long so one could write \"l'mishpchoteichem\" [which has 10 letters in Hebrew]3 times, and this is the width of each column. No line should be narrower than than this, lest it appear like a letter, and no line should be longer lest the reader lose his place. ..."
|
85 |
+
],
|
86 |
+
[],
|
87 |
+
[],
|
88 |
+
[
|
89 |
+
"",
|
90 |
+
"",
|
91 |
+
"",
|
92 |
+
"",
|
93 |
+
"",
|
94 |
+
"",
|
95 |
+
"",
|
96 |
+
"Toda persona que estรฉ impura, incluso mujeres en perรญodo de menstruaciรณn (nidรก), e incluso alguien no judรญo, tienen permitido tocar, agarrar, hasta leer de un Sefer Tora. Esto es asรญ porque Palabras de Tora No Reciben Impureza (\"Ein Divrei Tora Mekablim Tuma). Todo esto no aplica con las manos sucias y con barro, cuento para tocar la Tora se debe estar limpio"
|
97 |
+
]
|
98 |
+
],
|
99 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
100 |
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"Chapter",
|
101 |
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|
102 |
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]
|
103 |
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}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/English/Sefaria Edition.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
40 |
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"",
|
41 |
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"",
|
42 |
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"",
|
43 |
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"One who forgot and entered the bathroom while donning tefillin places his hand on them until he finishes discharging the first mass [of feces or urine], at which point he can step out and remove his tefillin. A mass of feces or stream of urine that is held back without having been discharged can place a person in potential danger.",
|
44 |
+
"If one forgot that he was donning tefillin and engaged in relations, he may grip neither the strap nor the box until he washes his hands. This is because the hands are active."
|
45 |
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]
|
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|
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ADDED
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26 |
+
"The four Pentateuchal sections, beginning respectively, \"Sanctify unto me\" (Ex. 13:1-10), \"And it shall be when the Lord shall bring thee\" (Exodus 13:11-16)โthese two being in the Book of Exodus, \"Hear, O Israel\" (Deuteronomy 6:4-9) \"And it shall come to pass if ye shall hearken diligently\" (Deuteronomy 11:13-21), are written and covered with a skin. These are called <i>Tephillin,</i> and are placed upon the head and bound on the arm. The omission of the point of a single letter in any one of these sections bars, according to Scriptural enactment, the use of all of them. They must all be written perfectly and in accordance with rule.",
|
27 |
+
"This is the case also with the two sections of the <i>Mezuzah,</i> beginning respectively, \"Hear, O Israel\" (Deuteronomy 6:4-9) and \"And it shall come to pass if ye shall hearken diligently (Deuteronomy 11:13-21). If the point of a letter is missing in these two sections, the <i>Mezuzah</i> may not, according to Scriptural enactment, be used. The two sections must be written perfectly. So too, a scroll of the Law, in which a single letter is missing, is unfit for use.",
|
28 |
+
"There are ten points in regard to <i>Tephillin</i> (phylacteries). The observance of each is enjoined by a rule that goes back to Moses who received it on Sinai. The neglect of any of them is an absolute bar to the use of the <i>Tephillin.</i> Hence, if there was a variation in any one of them, the <i>Tephillin</i> are unfit for use. Two of these have reference to the writing; eight, to the covering and the tying of the straps. The two points to be observed in the writing are that the sections must be written with ink, and must be written on parchment.",
|
29 |
+
"How is the ink prepared? Soot of oils or of pitch, wax or similar substance is collected; kneaded with gum of trees and a little honey; thoroughly wetted and pounded till it is like wafers. It is then stored away. When the scribe wishes to write, he soaks it in water in which gall-apples or similar substances have been steeped, and with this fluid he writes. Such writing when erased leaves no mark. This is the best way to write scrolls of the Law, <i>Tephillin</i> and <i>Mezuzahs.</i> If the scribe has written with fluid of the gall-oak or of caper,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Caper: flower-buds or seeds of a low shrub of Mediterranean countries, used as a condiment.</i> since the writing stays and is not rubbed out, scrolls of the Law, <i>Tephillin</i> or <i>Mezuzahs</i> so written are fit for use.",
|
30 |
+
"This being so, what is excluded by the Halacha, dating back to Moses, which ordains that these must be written with ink? It excludes pigments of other colors, such as red or green, etc.; so that if even a single letter in a scroll of the Law, <i>Tephillin</i> or <i>Mezuzah</i> was written with pigment of any other color [but black] or with gold, such a Scroll, <i>Tephillin</i> or <i>Mezuzah</i> is unfit for use.",
|
31 |
+
"There are three kinds of parchment, <i>Gewil, Kelaf</i> and <i>Duxustus.</i> How are these made? A hide of domestic cattle or wild beast is taken. First, its hair is removed. It is then pickled in salt, afterwards prepared with flour and subsequently tanned with gall-wood or similar materials which contract the pores of the hide and make it durable. And this it is that is called <i>Gewil</i> (parchment of whole-hide leather).",
|
32 |
+
"If, after removing the hair, the hide had been split through its thickness into two parts, so as to make of it two skins, one thin, namely that which had been next to the hair; the other thick, namely that which had been next to the flesh, and if these were prepared first with salt, then with flour and afterwards with gall-wood or similar substance the skin which had been next to the hair is called <i>Kelaf</i> (= outer-skin parchment), and that which had been next to the flesh is called <i>Duxustus</i> (inner-skin parchment).",
|
33 |
+
"It is a rule dating back to Moses who received it on Sinai that the scroll of the Law should be written on <i>Gewil</i> (whole hide parchment), and the writing should be on the side which had been next to the hair. The <i>Tephillin</i> should be written on <i>Kelaf</i> (the exterior part of the split hide) and the writing should be on the side which had been nearer the flesh; and the <i>Mezuzah</i> should be written on <i>Duxustus</i> (made of the inner part of the split hide), on the side which had been nearer the hair. If, on a <i>Kelaf,</i> one writes on the side that had been next to the hair, or, on a <i>Gewil or Duxustus,</i> one writes on the side that had been next to the flesh, the Scroll, <i>Tephillin</i> or <i>Mezuzah</i> so written is unfit for use.",
|
34 |
+
"Though this is the rule dating back to Moses who received it on Sinai, yet if one writes a scroll of the Law on parchment made from the exterior half of a split hide it is fit for use. The reason why a complete hide is mentioned is in order to exclude that made from the inner half of the split hide. If one wrote on it a scroll of the Law, it is unfit for use. So also, if one wrote a <i>Mezuzah</i> on the external half of a split hide or on an undivided hide, the <i>Mezuzah</i> is fit for use. The inner half of a split hide is recommended to be used, only as a <i>Mitzvah</i> (specially approved).",
|
35 |
+
"Scrolls, <i>Tephillin,</i> and <i>Mezuzahs</i> are not written on the hide of a domestic or wild beast that is unclean or on the skin of an unclean bird. They are written on the hides of domestic or wild beasts that are clean or on the skins of clean birds, even when the flesh of these animals may not be eaten owing to their not having been slaughtered according to the ritual or being found to have suffered from a lesion of a mortal character. Nor are Scrolls, <i>Tephillin</i> and <i>Mezuzahs</i> written on the skin of a fish, even if it be of a clean species, because of its foulness. For this is not removed by tanning.",
|
36 |
+
"The undivided skin for a scroll of the Law, and the external half of the hide to be used for <i>Tephillin</i> or for a scroll of the Law must be tanned for their specific purposes. If they were not expressly so tanned, they are not fit for use. Accordingly, if a non-Israelite or a Samaritan tanned them, they are unfit for use. Even if the Samaritan was instructed to tan a particular hide for the purpose of its being used for a scroll of the Law or <i>Tephillin,</i> it is unfit for use; since he works with his own purposes in mind, not with those of his employer. Hence, anything that has to be done with a purpose in mind, if done by a Samaritan, is unfit for use. The skin for a <i>Mezuzah</i> does not require to be tanned for that express purpose.",
|
37 |
+
"It is a rule dating back to Moses who received it on Sinai that a scroll of the Law or <i>Mezuzah</i> may only be written on parchment that is ruled. Phylacteries need not be ruled, because they are covered. So too, phylacteries and a <i>Mezuzah</i> may be written from memory, as these sections are recited by and are familiar to everyone. But not a single letter may be written in a scroll of the Law, except from a written copy of the text.",
|
38 |
+
"A scroll of the Law, <i>Tephillin,</i> or <i>Mezuzoth</i> written by a heretic must be burnt. If written by a Samaritan, by a Jew converted to another faith, by one who surrenders Israelites to tyrants, by a slave, woman or minor, they are unfit for use, and must be hidden; for it is said, \"And thou shalt bind them\", \"And thou shalt write them\". The implication is that only that person is qualified to write them, who is charged with the duty of putting on <i>Tephillin</i> and believes in the obligation. If they are found in the possession of a heretic, and it is not known who wrote them, they should be hidden. If found in the possession of a Samaritan or non-Israelite, they are fit to be used. Scrolls of the Law, <i>Tephillin</i> and <i>Mezuzoth</i> are not to be bought from non-Israelites for more than their value, so as not to accustom the latter to steal these holy articles or take them by force.",
|
39 |
+
"A scroll of the Law, phylacteries or <i>Mezuzoth,</i> written on the skin of a beast or birdโwhether domestic or wildโwhich belongs to an unclean species, or written on skins that have not been tanned, and likewise a scroll of the Law or phylacteries written on skins not expressly tanned for those purposes, are unfit for use.",
|
40 |
+
"If one who writes a scroll of the Law, phylacteries or a <i>Mezuzah,</i> had not concentrated his mind while writing, and wrote one of the Names of God without express intent, these articles are unfit for use. Accordingly, when one is writing the name of God, even if an Israelite king greets him, he must not return the greeting. If he is writing two or three names of God, he may pause between writing one and writing the others and may respond.",
|
41 |
+
"After dipping the pen in ink to write the Name of God, the scribe does not start with a letter of the name but with a letter of the previous word. If he altogether forgot to write the name of God, he writes it above the line. But to write part of the name on the line and part above the line makes the scroll unfit for use. Other words that the scribe forgot to write may be written partly on the line and partly above it. These rules apply to a scroll of the Law. But in a <i>Mezuzah</i> or in phylacteries not a letter may be written above the line. If the scribe forgot even one letter, he must hide what he wrote and write a fresh slip. In all of them (Scrolls of the Law, <i>Mezuzoth</i> and Phylacteries) it is permissible to write the name of God upon a surface from which writing has been erased or obliterated.",
|
42 |
+
"Scribes of scrolls, phylacteries and <i>Mezuzoth</i> are forbidden to turn over the parchment sheet with its written surface beneath touching the board on which it lies, but should cover it with a cloth or fold it.",
|
43 |
+
"If, after a scroll of the Law, phylacteries or a <i>Mezuzah</i> had passed out of the scribe's hands, he makes the statement, \"I did not write the name of God in them with that purpose distinctly in mind\", he is not believed to the extent of rendering them unfit for use, but his statement is accepted so far that he forfeits his entire remuneration. The reason why he is not believed so as to render them unfit for use is because his motive may possibly have been to cause a loss to the person who bought or hired them. It would seem however that his statement would only cause him to forfeit that quota of remuneration to which the writing of the names of God would entitle him. Hence, if he stated, \"the skins of this scroll of the Law or of these phylacteries were not expressly tanned for those purposes\", then since in such a case he is believed so fully that he forfeits the whole of his remuneration, his statement is also credited so as to disqualify the articles from being usedโit being a matter of general knowledge that if the skins had not been expressly tanned for the purpose of being made into phylacteries or a scroll of the Law, the scribe receives no remuneration whatsoever.",
|
44 |
+
"Phylacteries and <i>Mezuzoth</i> may only be written in square Hebrew script. Permission was also given to write scrolls of the Law in Greek characters but not in those of any other foreign tongue. The ancient Greek script has gone out of use, been corrupted and become obsolete. Hence, at the present day, all three religious articles,โScroll of the Law, Tephillin and Mezuzah,โare only written in the square Hebrew script. Care must be taken in writing that no letter shall adhere to any other letter; for any letter which is not completely surrounded on all four sides by a blank space of parchment has been improperly written. Any letter that cannot be read by a child of ordinary intelligenceโnot particularly bright or dullโis improperly written. Thus a <i>Yod</i> must not be like a <i>Vav</i> nor a <i>Vav</i> like a <i>Yod,</i> nor a <i>Koph</i> like a <i>Beth,</i> nor a <i>Beth</i> like a <i>Koph,</i> nor a <i>Daleth</i> like a <i>Resh,</i> nor a <i>Resh</i> like a <i>Daleth,</i> etc., so that the reader may be able to read fluently.",
|
45 |
+
"If the parchment was perforated, the scribe must not write on the perforation. A perforation over which the ink passes is not regarded as a perforation, and it is permitted to write across it. Hence, it is permitted to write on the skin of a bird that has been tanned. Should the parchment have become perforated, after it has been written on, if the perforation is in the interior of a letter, as, for example, in a <i>Hรฉ</i> or <i>Mem,</i> etc., it is regarded as properly written. Should one of the sides of a letter have been perforated, so that the letter is dividedโthen the rule is that if there is left of the part that is unperforated as much as would form a small letter, it is regarded as properly written, provided that it does not resemble a different letter. If the part that is left unperforated is not as much as would form a small letter, it is not regarded as properly written."
|
46 |
+
],
|
47 |
+
[
|
48 |
+
"How are the sections in the phylactery that is placed on the head to be written? The four sections are respectively written on four separate slips of parchment; each slip is rolled up separately and they are then placed in four compartments composed of one skin. As to the phylactery placed on the arm, these four sections are written in four columns on one slip of parchment. This slip is rolled up like a scroll of the Law from the last column to the first and is placed in one [leather] compartment.",
|
49 |
+
"The scribe must exercise care in writing these sections, for if he wrote a closed section as an open one,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">that is, began the section on a new line where only a space of nine letters should have been left blank.</i> or wrote an open section as if it were closed, the slip is unfit for use. The first three sections are, all of them, open. The last section, that beginning, \"And it shall come to pass, if ye will hearken diligently\" (Deuteronomy 11:13) is closed.",
|
50 |
+
"He must exercise care in regard to the words that are <i>plene</i> or <i>defective</i>,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">with or without a <i>Yod</i> or <i>Vav,</i> respectively.</i> that all the four sections should be written as they are in an examined scroll of the Law. For if he wrote a word <i>plene</i> that should have been written <i>defective,</i> the slip is unfit for use till the superfluous letter has been obliterated. If a word that is <i>plene</i> has been written <i>defective,</i> the slip is unfit for use and cannot be made good. The following is the list of the words in these four sections that are <i>plene</i> and <i>defective</i> respectively.",
|
51 |
+
"[<i>For paragraphs 4, 5, 6 and 7 (lists of</i> plene <i>and</i> defective <i>words), see the Hebrew text</i>.]",
|
52 |
+
"",
|
53 |
+
"The <i>Ayin</i> of Shema and <i>Daleth</i> of <i>Echad</i> (Deuteronomy 6:4) are to be written in larger type.",
|
54 |
+
"",
|
55 |
+
"He must pay attention to the \"crowns\" (tittles) above the letters. These are like an upright <i>Zayin</i> and are placed on each letter to which such a crown belongs as written in the scroll of the Law. The following are the letters in the four sections thus ornamented:",
|
56 |
+
"In the first section, there is only one such letter, namely the closed <i>Mem</i> in Meeyamim which has over it three <i>Zain</i>-shaped lines. In the second section, there are five letters, each of them a <i>Hรฉ;</i> and on each, there are four <i>zain</i>-shaped lines. These are the <i>Hรฉ</i> in Unesanah; the first and the last <i>Hรฉ</i> in Hikshah; the <i>Hรฉ</i> in Vayaharog; the <i>Hรฉ</i> in Yadchah. The third section has five such letters. The <i>Koof</i> in Uvekoomecha has over it three <i>zain</i>-shaped lines; the <i>Koof</i> in Ukeshartam has over it three <i>zain</i>-shaped lines; the two letters <i>Teth,</i> and the letter <i>Pรฉ</i> in Letotaphoth have on each of them four <i>zain</i>-shaped lines. The fourth section has five such letters. The <i>Pรฉ</i> of Veasaphta has above it three <i>zain</i>-shaped lines. The <i>Tav</i> of Veasaphta has one <i>zain</i>-shaped line. The two letters <i>Teth</i> and the letter <i>Pรฉ</i> in Letotaphoth have on each of them four <i>zain</i>-shaped lines. Altogether, the letters thus ornamented are sixteen. If the scribe wholly omitted these ornaments, added to them or omitted them over some of the letters, he has not rendered the phylacteries unfit for use.",
|
57 |
+
"If one buys phylacteries from one who is not a recognized expert, he has to examine them. If he bought from him one hundred parchment slips, he examines three slips, either two of the slips of the phylacteries worn on the head and one of the slips of the phylacteries worn on the arm or two slips of those in the phylacteries worn on the arm and one of the slips of the phylacteries worn on the head. If he found all these three correct, a presumption is established in the vendor's favour, and all his phylacteries are fit for use and the rest need not be examined. If he bought them however in several bundles, this examination (of three slips) must take place in each bundle, there being a presumption that the several bundles came from different individuals.",
|
58 |
+
"A man who wrote phylacteries with his own hand or purchased them from an expert or, having bought them of a non-expert, examined them and replaced them in their leather containers, need never re-examine them, even after the lapse of many years. As long as the leather container remains sound, the presumption that they are sound holds good. Nor is it apprehended that a letter has been obliterated or perforated. Hillel the Elder was wont to say, \"These phylacteries belonged to my mother's father.\""
|
59 |
+
],
|
60 |
+
[
|
61 |
+
"There are eight rules for the making of phylacteries; all of them are traditionally ascribed to Moses who received them on Sinai; hence the observance of all of them is indispensable. A variation from any of them renders the phylacteries unfit for use. The rules are as follows: The phylacteries (that is, the external leather containers) must be square; they are to be sewn in such a way as to retain the square shape; their diagonals must be those of a square so that all the angles shall be equal; the leather container of the phylactery for the head shall have the letter <i>Shin</i> embossed on the right and on the left side; each of the slips of parchment on which the sections from the Pentateuch are written is to be wrapt in a cover; this is to be tied with hair, and then the slips are placed in their respective compartments which are sewn up with sinews; a border with a fold open at both ends shall be made of the skin of the base for the strap to pass through freely; the straps shall be black, and have the special knot, that is known to all, in the shape of a <i>Daleth.</i>",
|
62 |
+
"How is the phylactery for the head made? A rectangular block of wood is taken, which is equal in length, breadth and height. It is of no consequence however if the height is more than the breadth or less. What is essential is that the length and breadth shall be equal. Three grooves are cut in the block so that it is divided into four parts as in this figure <img src=\"data:image/jpg;base64,/9j/4AAQSkZJRgABAQEBLAEsAAD/2wBDAAUDBAQEAwUEBAQFBQUGBwwIBwcHBw8LCwkMEQ8SEhEP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\nClKUClKUClKUClKUClKUClKUClKUH//Z\n\">. A piece of leather is taken and soaked in water. The wooden block is put in it and the leather is inserted into each groove. While it is still damp, it is crinkled on both sides, to make a shape of the letter <i>Shin</i> with three lines on the right side of the wearer and with four lines on the left side.",
|
63 |
+
"The leather is left on the wood till it dries; it is then slipped off from the wooden block, with the result that it has the shape of four compartments. The prescribed sections of Scripture written on slips of parchment are placed, one in each compartment. A portion of the leather is drawn round and beneath the cube (to form its base). This is sewn up at its four sides. A portion is left in this skin at the base for the strap to pass through as in a loop. This it is which is called the bridge.",
|
64 |
+
"How are the phylacteries for the arm made? A rectangular block of wood is taken, which is equal in length and breadth. It is to be a finger-breadth in height, or a little more or less. The block is covered with wet leather which is left on till it dries. It is then removed, and in the place where the wood had been, a single slip of parchment on which the four prescribed sections of Scripture are written, is inserted. A portion of the leather is drawn round below and is sewn up at its four sides. Of this base a part is left to form a loop for the strap to pass through.",
|
65 |
+
"What is the order in which the sections are placed in the phylactery for the head? The last section, that beginning, \"And it shall come to pass if ye will hearken diligently\" (Deuteronomy 11:13) is placed in the first compartment, to the right of the wearer; the section beginning, \"Hear O Israel\" (Deuteronomy 6:4) in the compartment adjacent to it; the section beginning, \"And it shall come to pass when the Lord thy God will bring thee\" (Exodus 13:11), next to the one containing the section, \"Hear O Israel\", and the section beginning, \"Sanctify unto me every first born\" (Exodus 13:1) in the fourth compartment which would be to the left of the wearer of the phylactery; so that anyone facing the wearer and reading what is before him would read the sections in the right Scriptural order as in the annexed figure. If there<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Sections beginning with verse:</i> was a deviation from this order, the phylacteries are not fit for use.",
|
66 |
+
"The sections for the phylactery for the arm are written in four columns on one long strip of parchment like a scroll of the Law, and in the order in which they are found in the Pentateuch as in the annexed figure.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Sections beginning with verse:</i> If the scribe wrote them on four separate slips and placed them in one compartment, he has done what is required, and need not attach them to each other.",
|
67 |
+
"When he rolls up the parchment slips containing the sections, for the phylacteries worn on the head or on the arm, he rolls them from the end to the beginning so that, if opened, each section can be read from the beginning to the end.",
|
68 |
+
"When the slips are about to be placed in their respective compartments, they are wrapped in a cloth, over which they are fastened with hair. They are then deposited in their compartments. This hair must be that of a domestic or wild beast of the clean species; and may even be taken from animals which are <i>Nevelah</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Nevelah</i>โdied of itself or, by extension of meaning, not properly killed;</i> or <i>Terefah</i>.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Terefah</i>โtorn by wild beast; by extension of meaning, found to have suffered from mortal disease or lesion.</i> The custom that has come into general use is to fasten the slips with hair taken from calves' tails.",
|
69 |
+
"The leather receptacles of the phylacteries are only sewn with sinews of a domestic or wild beast of the clean species, and may be taken from animals of such species even if they are <i>Nevelah</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Nevelah</i>โdied of itself or, by extension of meaning, not properly killed;</i> or <i>Terefah</i>.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Terefah</i>โtorn by wild beast; by extension of meaning, found to have suffered from mortal disease or lesion.</i> The sinews used are those found in the heel of the domestic or wild beast, which are white and tough. They are softened by pounding them with stones or similar substances, till they become like flax. They are spun and twined, and then used for sewing the phylacteries and the sheets of the scrolls of the Law.",
|
70 |
+
"The receptacles are to be sewn in such a way as to preserve the square contour of the base. It is a broadly established rule that on each side, there are to be three stitches, making altogether twelve stitches, whether the phylactery is for the arm or for the head. If the scribe desires to make ten or fourteen stitches, he may do so. The stitch must pass through the leather on both sides.",
|
71 |
+
"The grooves of the phylacteries for the head ought to extend to the base where the stitching is done. If the grooves are recognizable so that the four divisions clearly appear, the phylacteries are fit for use, even though the grooves do not extend to the base. If however the grooves are not recognizable, the phylacteries are unfit for use. Within each groove, above the leather, a thread or cord ought to be passed so as to separate the compartments from each other. The general custom is to draw through each of the three grooves a sinew of the same kind as those used for the stitches.",
|
72 |
+
"How are the thongs fixed? A strip of leather is taken as wide as the length of a barley corn. If wider, it is fit for use. The length of the strap of the phylactery for the head should be sufficient to encircle the head, form the knot and leave enough for the straps on either side to reach to the navel or a little higher. The strap for the phylactery of the arm should be sufficiently long to encircle the forearm, form the knot, extend down to the middle finger, about which it is to be wound three times and then fastened. If the straps exceed in length the foregoing dimensions, they are also fit for use.",
|
73 |
+
"The thong of the phylactery for the head is inserted in the loop open at both ends. It is measured to fit the wearer's head, and then tied in a rectangular knot like a <i>Daleth.</i> This knot, every scholar should learn how to make. It is impossible to teach its form by description; this can only be taught by ocular demonstration. In the case of the phylactery for the arm, the thong is tied in a knot in the shape of a <i>Yod.</i> The thong of the phylactery for the arm should move freely in the loop, so that the wearer can loosen or tighten it when he puts it on his arm.",
|
74 |
+
"The thongs of the phylacteries, whether for the head or for the arm, must have their exterior surface black. This is a rule that goes back to Moses who received it on Sinai. But the other side of the thongs, being close to the skin, are fit for use if they are green or white. They must not however be red, for if the thong were inadvertently turned, the color of its lower surface would subject the wearer to ignominy. The lower side of the thongs should not be otherwise in color than the base of the leather case containing the parchment slips. If the latter is green, the former should be green; if white, the former should be white. It is comely if the phylacteries are wholly black, namely, both the case containing the slips of parchment and the thongs.",
|
75 |
+
"The leather which forms the receptacles of the phylacteries and its thongs is to be made from the hide of a domestic or wild quadruped or skin of a fowl that belongs to the clean species, and may even be taken from those of these species that are <i>Nevelah</i> and <i>Terefah.</i> If they were made of the skin or hide of unclean species, or if the phylacteries were covered with gold, the phylacteries are unfit for use. The leather for the thongs must be expressly tanned for their intended purpose to be thongs of phylacteries. The leather which forms the receptacles for the phylacteries need not be tanned. Even if it consists of raw hide it is fit for use. Many places have the custom to make them of raw hide.",
|
76 |
+
"The receptacles of the phylacteries may not be prepared by any one but an Israelite; for the making of these is like the writing of the prescribed sections because of the letter <i>Shin</i> which is embossed on the phylactery for the head, as we have already stated. Hence, if a non-Israelite made or sewed the phylacteries, they are unfit for use. So too, whoever is disqualified from writing the prescribed sections for the phylacteries may not prepare them.",
|
77 |
+
"The phylactery for the head may not be transformed into a phylactery for the arm, but the latter may be changed into the former; on the principle that an object may not be degraded from a higher to a lower sacred use. So too, the thong of the phylactery for the head may not be transferred to a phylactery for the arm. This rule only applies to phylacteries that had been worn. But with regard to phylacteries for the head that no one had ever worn, if it is desired to transform them into phylacteries for the arm, this may be done. How is this effected? It is covered with leather so that it appears as one receptacle. The phylactery may then be bound on the arm.",
|
78 |
+
"In case the stitches of the phylacteries are broken, they become unfit for use if there are two broken stitches adjacent to each other, or three not adjacent. This rule applies to old phylacteries. New phylacteries are fit for use as long as they keep their surface unimpaired. The following would be called new. If, at the place where the stitches have given way, part of the leather is held in the hand so that the phylactery is suspended, and the leather is strong enough not to be further torn, such phylacteries would be regarded as new. If however the leather is not strong enough to bear the weight of the phylacteries so suspended, but would tear, such phylacteries are regarded as old.",
|
79 |
+
"A thong that has become broken is not to be tied together nor sewn up; but it is to be removed, put away, and replaced by a new thong. The parts of the broken thong are unfit for use unless the length and breadth of the part is of the prescribed dimension or larger. Care should always be taken that the external surface of the thongs should be above, when the phylacteries are bound on the hand or round the head. End of the chapter."
|
80 |
+
],
|
81 |
+
[
|
82 |
+
"Where is the phylactery of the head placed? It is placed on that part of the crown of the head, where the hair adjacent to the forehead ends, and this is the place where an infant's brain pulsates (the fontanelle). The phylactery needs to be adjusted so that it lies in the centre of the forehead, in a line with the point between the eyes. The knot should be at the top of the back of the neck, which is the end of the skull.",
|
83 |
+
"The phylactery of the hand is bound on the left arm over the biceps muscle which is the flesh that stands out on the upper arm that is intermediate between the shoulder-blade and forearm, so that when the upper arm is held close to the ribs, the phylactery will be opposite the heart and thus the precept will be fulfilled, \"And these words โฆ shall be upon thine heart\" (Deuteronomy 6:6).",
|
84 |
+
"To lay the phylactery of the hand on the palm or that of the head on the forehead is the practice of the Sadducees. He who makes the phylactery round like a nut is not fulfilling the precept in any way. A left-handed person lays the phylactery on his right arm, used by him as his left. If one is ambidextrous, he lays it on his left arm, which is the same as the left arm of any other person. The places where the phylacteries are respectively bound and laid are known by tradition.",
|
85 |
+
"The lack of a phylactery for the head does not preclude one from putting on that of the hand, nor does the lack of a phylactery of the hand preclude one from putting on that for the head. Each is a duty separate and independent. What blessings are recited? For the phylactery of the head, the formula is as follows: \"Who hath sanctified us with His commandments and given us a command concerning the precept of phylacteries\". For that of the hand, the form is as follows: \"Who hath sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to lay the phylacteries\".",
|
86 |
+
"This rule applies to the case where a person puts on one phylactery only. But when one lays both phylacteries, he recites one blessing, namely, the form, \"And hast commanded us to lay the phylacteries\", binds the phylactery on his arm, and then puts on that for the head. When they are removed, that on the head is removed first, and afterwards that on the arm.",
|
87 |
+
"When a person has recited the blessing, \"Who hast commanded us to lay phylacteries\", and bound the phylactery on his arm, he is forbidden to converse, even to the extent of acknowledging his master's greeting, till he has put on the phylactery of the head. If he conversed he has committed a transgression; and when putting on the phylactery for the head, he must recite another blessing, viz: the form, \"Who hast given us a command concerning the precept of the phylacteries\", and then he puts on the phylactery for the head.",
|
88 |
+
"On each occasion when one puts on phylacteries, the blessing is recited, even if they are removed and put on again several times in the day. It is a universal rule with regard to religious precepts that the appropriate blessings are recited prior to their performance. Hence too, the blessing for the phylactery of the hand has to be recited after it is placed on the biceps muscle before the thong is tightened, for the fastening constitutes the fulfillment of the precept.",
|
89 |
+
"When a person removes his phylacteries, and puts them in a bag, he should not place the phylactery of the hand beneath and that for the head above it, because when he will again have occasion to put them on, he will come into contact with the phylactery of the head first, will thus be under the necessity of putting it down and take out the phylactery of the hand, the former not being put on before the latter. It is forbidden to leave a precept and pass on to the fulfillment of another religious duty, the rule being that the duty that first presents itself should first engage our attention. Hence, the phylactery for the hand should be placed above so that one may come into contact with it first, and the phylacteries be put on in the right order.",
|
90 |
+
"A bag expressly intended to contain phylacteries and into which these have been placed, becomes consecrated and may not be put to secular use. If the bag was intended for this express purpose of containing phylacteries but had never contained them, or if phylacteries had been casually placed in a bag not set aside for that use, it does not become sacred, and continues to be a secular object as it had been hitherto. Phylacteries may not be suspended by their thong or by the part which contains the scriptural section. But the bag containing the phylacteries may be suspended.",
|
91 |
+
"The proper time for putting on phylacteries is when it is day and not when it is night, for it is said, \"Day by day\"<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">*Usually rendered, โfrom year to yearโ, referring to observance of the feast of Passover.</i> (Exodus 13:10). \"The ordinance\" mentioned in this verse refers to the precept of phylacteries. So it is said, \"And it shall be for a sign\", while Sabbaths and festivals are them-also, Sabbaths and festivals are not seasons for putting on phylacteries, for selves a sign. When is the proper time in the day to put on phylacteries? At the hour when a person can see his neighbour at a distance of four cubits and recognize him. The period extends till sunset.",
|
92 |
+
"A person who put on phylacteries before sunset, is permitted when it becomes dusk, to continue to wear them, even throughout the night. The multitude however is not to be so taught. Everyone should be instructed not to wear phylacteries at night, but to remove them at sunset. Whoever deliberately puts on phylacteries after sunset, violates a prohibition, for it is said, \"And thou shalt keep this ordinance in its season, day by day\" (Exodus 13:10).",
|
93 |
+
"If the sun sets while a man with the phylacteries on his head was on the road, he places his hand upon the phylactery till he reaches home when he removes the phylactery. If Sabbath or a festival arrived while he was sitting in the house of study, with the phylactery on his head, he places his hand upon it till he reaches home when he removes the phylactery. If there is a house near the City Wall,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">the house of study was outside the town.</i> where the phylacteries could be safely left, he should leave them there. If he did not remove them after sunset, because he had no place where they would be safe, and he kept them on for the sake of security, his conduct is lawful.",
|
94 |
+
"One who is exempt from reading the <i>Shema</i> is exempt from putting on phylacteries. If a child less than thirteen years of age knows how to take care of his phylacteries, his father purchases a set for him, so as to train him in the practice of religious precepts. Those who suffer intestinal troubles or have difficulty in controlling their sphincters are exempt from the obligation of putting on phylacteries. All who are ritually unclean are under the same obligation of putting on phylacteries as those who are ritually clean. One, who is in pain or whose mind is not calm and composed is exempt from the duty of putting on phylacteries; for the wearer must not allow his consciousness of them to wander. Priests while engaged in the temple service, Levites during the recital of hymns in their appointed places, Israelites while they are in the Sanctuary, are exempt from the duties of reciting the prayers and putting on phylacteries.",
|
95 |
+
"As long as one is wearing phylacteries, he should frequently touch them with his fingers, so as not to lose consciousness of them for a single moment. For their degree of sanctity is higher than that of the golden plate which the High Priest wore on his forehead. On the latter, the name of God was engraved once only, while the phylactery for the head contains the tetragrammaton twenty-one times, and the phylactery for the arm, an equal number of times.",
|
96 |
+
"A requisite in wearing phylacteries is physical cleanliness. One should take care that no flatus escapes him while he has them on. Hence, he may not, while wearing them, indulge in regular sleep or even doze. But if they are covered with a cloth, he may doze, even while wearing them. How so? He places his head between his knees and dozes in a sitting posture. If his phylacteries were folded and held in his hand, the holder may even sleep in the regular way.",
|
97 |
+
"No meal, unless it be of a casual character, may be eaten, while one wears phylacteries (without previous preparation). Before proceeding to a regular meal, he removes them, places them on the table, washes his hands, puts them on again, recites the blessing for food while he has them on.",
|
98 |
+
"If one feels a call of nature while wearing phylacteries, he is not to deposit them, before entering the lavatory, in the crevices that open towards the public thoroughfare, lest passers-by may take them. How should he act? Even if he needs to relieve the bladder while he is at a distance of four cubits from the lavatory, he should remove the phylacteries, roll them up in his garment, as a scroll is rolled up, grasp them in his right hand opposite his heart, taking care that not a thong projects outside his hand as much as a hand breadth; then he enters, relieves himself, and, after having left, goes away to a distance of four cubits from the lavatory, and puts on his phylacteries.",
|
99 |
+
"This rule only applies to the case of a permanent lavatory. But one may not enter an extemporized lavatory with phylacteries even rolled up. They should be removed and given to another person for safe keeping.",
|
100 |
+
"If one wearing phylacteries needed to go to the lavatory at eventide when there would be no more time to put them on again, he should not enter with the phylacteries rolled up in his garment, even to relieve his bladder, if the lavatory is a permanent one. How should he act? He should remove the phylacteries, place them in their bag which must be at least a hand breadth long, or even in a smaller bag provided it is not specially assigned as a receptable for phylacteries. This he keeps in his hand and enters. Thus, too, at night time, if he needs to visit the lavatory, he may put the phylacteries in a bag which he keeps in his hand when entering.",
|
101 |
+
"Translation omitted.",
|
102 |
+
"Translation omitted.",
|
103 |
+
"One is permitted to put on phylacteries in that portion of a bathhouse where all are attired. In that portion where some are in their attire while others are nude, the phylacteries which one wears need not be removed, but they may not be put on. Where all are nude, the phylacteries must be removed, and needless to add, they may not be put on.",
|
104 |
+
"A person should not walk in a cemetery with phylacteries on his head. When he is within a distance of four cubits from a corpse or a grave, the phylacteries are to be removed till he has passed on to a distance outside four cubits. Phylacteries must not be put on before one is decently covered and has put on his garments. If a person is carrying a burden on his head, he must remove the phylactery from his head, and may not put it on till he has removed the burden. Even a kerchief [alone] may not be put upon the head when one is wearing phylacteries. But he puts his cap over the phylactery.",
|
105 |
+
"In a room where there are phylacteries or a scroll of the Law, marital intercourse may not take place, till these have been taken out, or placed in a receptacle which itself is enclosed in another receptacle not assigned to the use of phylacteries or a scroll of the Law. If the latter receptacle has been so assigned, and even if there be ten such receptacles, they are all regarded as one receptacle. If he placed the sacred articles in two receptacles, one within the other, they may be put for security under his pillow between the bolster and the coverlidโnot however exactly beneath his head. This may be done even if his wife shares his couch.",
|
106 |
+
"The sanctity of phylacteries is a high degree of sanctity. As long as phylacteries are on a man's head and arm, he is humble and God-fearing, is not drawn into frivolity and idle talk, does not dwell on evil thoughts but occupies his mind with thoughts of truth and righteousness. A man should therefore endeavour to wear phylacteries the whole day, this being the right way of fulfilling the precept. It is said of <i>Rav,</i> the disciple of our Sainted Teacher (R. Judah, the Prince), that throughout his life no one saw him, without Torah, Tzitzis (fringes on his garments) or phylacteries.",
|
107 |
+
"Although the proper mode of fulfilling the precept is to wear phylacteries the whole day, it is especially a duty to do so during the recital of prayers. The sages say, \"Whoever reads the <i>Shema</i> without wearing phylacteries is regarded as testifying falsely in his own person.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">He recites the Commandment to wear <i>Tephillin</i> and does not fulfill it.</i> Whoever does not wear phylacteries at all violates eight affirmative precepts, since in each of the four sections, the command is set forth to lay phylacteries on the head and on the arm. Whoever wears phylacteries regularly will be blessed with longevity, as it is said, 'The Lord is upon them: they shall live'\" (Isaiah 38:16)."
|
108 |
+
],
|
109 |
+
[
|
110 |
+
"How is the <i>Mezuzah</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Sections of Scripture placed on doorposts.</i> written? Two sections of the Pentateuch, those beginning, \"Hear, O Israel\" (Deuteronomy 6:4) and, \"And it shall come to pass\" (Deuteronomy 11:13) are written in a single column on one slip of parchment. A space of half a nail's breadth is left as a margin above and below the column. If the Pentateuchal sections were written in two or three columns, the <i>Mezuzah</i> is fit for use. They must not however be written in the shape of a tail (broad at the top line and gradually narrowing to a point), or of a circle, or of a tent (narrow at the top and broadening to the base). A <i>Mezuzah</i> written in any of these forms is unfit for use. If the text was written out of order, for example, if the second section was in front of the first, it is unfit for use. If it was written on two slips of parchment, even though these were sewn together, the <i>Mezuzah</i> is unfit for use. A Scroll of the Law that has become worn out or phylacteries that are worn out may not be used for a <i>Mezuzah.</i> Nor may margins cut off from a scroll of the Law be so used; for anything dedicated to a sacred purpose may not be degraded from a higher to a lower degree of sacredness.",
|
111 |
+
"It is a <i>Mitzvah</i> (an act of piety) to separate the section beginning, \"Hear, O Israel\" from that beginning, \"And it shall come to pass\" by a \"closed\" space (blank of nine letters). If the division between the two sections was an \"open\" one (the second section beginning a new line), the <i>Mezuzah</i> is fit for use, as, in the Pentateuch, the second section does not immediately follow the first. Special heed should be paid to the tittles in the <i>Mezuzah.</i> The following are the tittles which are made in the <i>Mezuzah.</i>",
|
112 |
+
"In the first section, there are seven letters, each of which should have above it three upright lines in the shape of the letter <i>Zain.</i> They are the <i>Shin</i> and <i>Ayin</i> in <i>Shema; Nun</i> in <i>Nafshecha;</i> the two <i>Zain</i> in <i>Mezuzoth;</i> the two <i>Teth</i> in <i>Totafoth.</i> The second section has six letters, each of which should have above it three <i>Zain</i>-shaped lines. They are the <i>Gimel</i> in <i>Degancha;</i> the two <i>Zain</i> in <i>Mezuzoth;</i> the two <i>Teth</i> in <i>Totafoth;</i> the <i>Tzadi</i> in <i>Ha-aretz.</i> If the tittles were omitted or if they are more or less than those specified, the <i>Mezuzah</i> has not been rendered unfit for use. But if it was written without the lines having been ruled, or if the scribe paid no heed to <i>plene</i> or <i>defective</i> letters, or if he added in the text even a single letter, the <i>Mezuzah</i> is unfit for use.",
|
113 |
+
"It is a universal custom to write the word <i>Shaddai</i> (Almighty) on the other side of the <i>Mezuzah,</i> opposite the blank space between the two sections. As this word is written on the outside, the practice is unobjectionable. They, however, who write names of angels, holy names, a Biblical text or inscriptions usual on seals, within the <i>Mezuzah,</i> are among those who have no portion in the world to come. For these fools not only fail to fulfill the commandment but they treat an important precept that expresses the Unity of God, the love of Him, and His worship, as if it were an amulet to promote their own personal interests; for, according to their foolish minds, the <i>Mezuzah</i> is something that will secure for them advantage in the vanities of the world.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">A reproof to those who sell Mezuzoth to be worn as amulets !</i>",
|
114 |
+
"It is a <i>Mitzvah</i> (act of piety) to write <i>Al Ha-aretz</i> (the last two words) on the last line, either at the beginning or in the middle of the line. All the scribes follow the custom of writing the <i>Mezuzah</i> in twenty-two lines, and (the last two words) <i>Al Ha-aretz</i> at the commencement of the last line. The following are the words in order, which begin each of the lines: (See the Hebrew text on the corresponding right-hand side, page 127b.)",
|
115 |
+
"When the <i>Mezuzah</i> is folded, it is rolled up from the end of the line to the beginning, so that anyone opening it is able to read it from the beginning to the end of the line. After it has been rolled up, it is placed in a cylinder of reed, wood or other material, which is attached to the doorpost with a nail; or else a cavity is hollowed out in the doorpost, into which the <i>Mezuzah</i> is inserted.",
|
116 |
+
"Before one affixes it to the doorpost, he recites the blessing, \"Blessed art Thou, O Lord our God, King of the Universe, Who hast sanctified us with Thy commandments, and commanded us to affix the <i>Mezuzah\".</i> No blessing is recited at the time when it is written, because the affixing of it constitutes the fulfillment of the precept.",
|
117 |
+
"If one suspended it on a staff, it is unfit, for this is not affixing it (to the doorpost). If one placed it behind the door, he has not fulfilled the precept. If he perforated the door and forced the <i>Mezuzah</i> into it like a nail, as a bolt is inserted in the staple-ring, it is unfit. If it was placed in a hollow of the doorpost at a depth of a hand-breadth, it is unfit. If one cut a stick, put a <i>Mezuzah</i> on it, attached this stick to other sticks and made of them all a doorpost, it is unfit, because the affixing of the <i>Mezuzah</i> preceded the erection of the doorpost.",
|
118 |
+
"The <i>Mezuzah</i> of a private dwelling is examined once every seven years; that attached to a public building twice in the Jubilee (fifty years). The object is to ascertain whether a letter has been torn away or obliterated; because owing to the <i>Mezuzah</i> being affixed to walls, it is liable to decay.",
|
119 |
+
"The fulfillment of the precept of the <i>Mezuzah</i> is incumbent upon all Israelites, including women and slaves (of Israelites). Children under the age of thirteen years are trained to affix the <i>Mezuzah</i> to their rooms. One who rents a dwelling outside the Holy Land, or lodges at an inn in the Holy Land is exempt from the obligation of affixing a <i>Mezuzah</i> for a period of thirty days after beginning his occupancy. But if one rents a home in the Holy Land, the duty of affixing a <i>Mezuzah</i> devolves immediately.",
|
120 |
+
"If one lets a dwelling to another person, the duty devolves upon the lessee to bring a <i>Mezuzah</i> and attach it, even if he has to pay for doing so, for the precept of the <i>Mezuzah</i> is the personal obligation of the occupant and not an obligation attaching to the structure. When he surrenders possession, he must not, on quitting the premises, remove the Mezuzah. But if the owner is a non-Israelite, the Jewish tenant, when leaving, takes it away."
|
121 |
+
],
|
122 |
+
[
|
123 |
+
"There are ten conditions which must exist in a dwelling, to put the occupant under an obligation to affix a <i>Mezuzah.</i> If one of these is absent, he is exempt. These are as follows: The dwelling must have a superficial area of four cubits by four cubits or more; it must have two door-posts, a lintel, a roof and doors; the entrance should be ten hand-breadths high or more; it must be a secular (not a sacred) structure; it must have been erected for human occupancy, for honored use (not a lavatory), and built for permanent habitation.",
|
124 |
+
"A dwelling, the superficial area of which is less than four cubits by four cubits does not require a <i>Mezuzah.</i> If its area is equal to a square of four cubits by four cubits, even if it is circular in shape or has five angles, or, needless to add, if its length is greater than its breadth, it requires a <i>Mezuzah,</i> provided that it covers an area equal to a square of four cubits by four cubits.",
|
125 |
+
"A porch, that is a place with three walls and a roof, even though it has two uprights on the fourth side does not need a <i>Mezuzah,</i> the uprights serving to support the roof and not as doorposts. Thus too, a roof without walls that rests on pillars on either side, even if it presents the appearance of a dwelling is exempt from the obligation of having a <i>Mezuzah,</i> on account of its having no doorpostsโthe pillars having been erected to support the roof.",
|
126 |
+
"A dwelling with posts on either side (of the door), and in the place of the lintel an arch in the shape of a bow, requires a <i>Mezuzah,</i> provided that the posts are ten hand-breadths high or more. If they are not ten hand-breadths high, there is no such obligation, as the dwelling has no lintel.",
|
127 |
+
"A dwelling without a roof does not require a <i>Mezuzah.</i> Where part of it is covered with a roof and part uncovered, it seems to me that if the portion over the entrance is roofed, the structure requires a <i>Mezuzah.</i> After the doors are set up, the <i>Mezuzah</i> is affixed.",
|
128 |
+
"The Temple Mount, its chambers and courts, synagogues and houses of study which have no residences are exempt, because they are sacred. A village synagogue in which transients lodge requires a <i>Mezuzah.</i> So too, a city synagogue which has a dwelling house attached to it, requires a <i>Mezuzah.</i> None of the Temple entrances had a <i>Mezuzah</i> except the Gate of Nikanor, and the gate within that gate, and the entrance to the Chamber of Parhedrin, because this chamber was the High Priest's residence during his seven days of seclusion (prior to the Day of Atonement).",
|
129 |
+
"A hayloft, a cattle-shed, a wood store and a barn are exempted from the obligation of a <i>Mezuzah,</i> because of the phrase, \"thy house\" (in the text \"thou shalt write them upon the doorposts of thy house\"), which means a dwelling assigned to thy use and excludes the aforementioned and similar classes of buildings. Hence, a cattle-shed, where women stay adorning themselves, must have a <i>Mezuzah,</i> because it also serves as a human habitation. A lodge or porchโeither rectangular or circularโleading to a garden, a garden and a sheepfold are exempt from the obligation of a <i>Mezuzah,</i> because they are not constructed to serve as residences. If dwellings requiring a <i>Mezuzah</i> open to these places, the latter must also have a <i>Mezuzah.</i>",
|
130 |
+
"Hence, entrances, whether leading to courtyards or to passages, and gates of districts or cities, must each have a <i>Mezuzah,</i> because dwellings which require a <i>Mezuzah</i> open on to them. Even where ten rooms open one to the other, each requires a <i>Mezuzah,</i> just as the innermost room requires it. This is the reason for the rule that a gate opening from the garden to a courtyard requires a <i>Mezuzah.</i>",
|
131 |
+
"A privy, bath-house, ritual bath-house, tannery and similar places are exempt from the obligation of a <i>Mezuzah</i> because they are not erected to serve as dwellings for honored use. The tabernacle for the feast of Tabernacles, and a room in a ship are exempt from the obligation of a <i>Mezuzah</i> because they are not made for permanent occupancy. Of two potter's booths, one leading to the other, the exterior is exempt from the obligation of a <i>Mezuzah,</i> because it is not permanent. Shops in market places are exempt, because they are not intended to be used as residences.",
|
132 |
+
"A dwelling with several doors, although only one is regularly used for coming in and going out, must have a <i>Mezuzah</i> affixed to each door. A small door between a dwelling (below) and the attic needs a <i>Mezuzah.</i> Every room in a dwelling, even a room within a room, must have a <i>Mezuzah</i> at the entrance of the inner chamber, of the outer chamber and of the house, for they all serve the purpose of residence and are permanent.",
|
133 |
+
"A door between a house of study or synagogue and a private house, if used habitually for entering and leaving, requires a <i>Mezuzah.</i> If a door is between two dwellings, the position of the hinge determines the side on which the <i>Mezuzah</i> is to be fixed. The side on which the hinge is visible is regarded as the dwelling in reference to which the position of the <i>Mezuzah</i> is decided.",
|
134 |
+
"Where is the <i>Mezuzah</i> to be fixed? Within the width of the doorpost, a hand-breadth from the external edge at a height of a third of the elevation of the entrance, counting from the top. If placed higher it is fit in position, provided that it is a hand-breadth lower than the lintel. It should be fixed on the right side of one entering; if placed on the left side, it is unfit for use. A house owned by partners requires a <i>Mezuzah.</i>",
|
135 |
+
"A person should pay heed to the precept of the <i>Mezuzah;</i> for it is an obligation perpetually binding upon all. Whenever one enters or leaves a home with the <i>Mezuzah</i> on the doorpost, he will be confronted with the Declaration of God's Unity, blessed be His holy name; and will remember the love due to God, and will be aroused from his slumbers and his foolish absorption in temporal vanities. He will realize that nothing endures to all eternity save knowledge of the Ruler of the Universe. This thought will immediately restore him to his right senses and he will walk in the paths of righteousness. Our ancient teachers said: He who has phylacteries on his head and arm, fringes on his garment and a Mezuzah on his door may be presumed not to sin, for he has many monitorsโangels that save him from sinning, as it is said, (Psalms 34:8) \"The angel of the Lord encampeth round about them that fear Him and delivereth them\"."
|
136 |
+
],
|
137 |
+
[
|
138 |
+
"It is an affirmative precept binding upon every individual Israelite to write a scroll of the Law for his own use, as it is said, \"Now therefore write ye this Song for you\" (Deuteronomy 31:19). As the Torah is not written in separate sections, this text means, \"Write for yourselves the Torah in which this Song is contained.\" Even if one's ancestors have left a person a scroll, it is a religious duty to write a scroll at his own expense. If he wrote it with his own hand, it is accounted to him as if he had received it from Sinai. If one does not know how to write a scroll, he should get others to write it for him. He who corrects a scroll, even a single letter of it, is regarded as if he had written it completely.",
|
139 |
+
"A king has the duty of writing for himself another scroll of the Law, in his capacity as sovereign, in addition to the scroll which he owns in his private capacity, as it is said, \"And it shall be, when he sitteth upon the throne of his kingdom, that he shall write him a copy of this law, etc.\" (Deuteronomy 17:18). This copy is corrected by comparison with a scroll kept in the temple court, and under the authority of the Supreme Judicature. The scroll which the king had possessed when he was a private individual, he places in his archives. The one that he wrote or had written for him when he became king, should always be with him. If he goes to war, the scroll is to be with him. When he enters his home, it is to be with him. When he hears a cause (tries a case) it is to be with him. When he sits down to a meal, it is to be placed before him, as it is said, \"And it shall be with him, and he shall read therein all the days of his life\" (Deuteronomy 17:19).",
|
140 |
+
"If he possessed no scroll before he came to the throne, he has to write, after his accession, two scrolls of the law, one of which he places in his archives, while the other is to be always with him. It must never be away from him, except at night, or when he goes to the bath or the lavatory or lies down on his couch to sleep.",
|
141 |
+
"A scroll of the Law that has been written without having been ruled, or that has been written partly on parchment made of whole hide and partly on that made of the inner half of split hide is unfit for use. It must be entirely written either on the former or on the latter. How is a scroll of the law to be written? The scribe is to use the correct script and it should also be exceedingly fine. Between one word and another, he is to leave the space of a small letter; between one letter and another (in the same word) the space of a hair's breadth; between one line and the next the space of a line. The length of each line is to be thirty letters, wide enough to write the word Le-Mi-Sh-Pe-Ch-O-S-E-Che-M<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Ten consonant letters printed here in capital letters. See also below.</i> three times. This is to be the width of each column. No line shall be shorter, so that the column shall not look like an epistle. Nor should any line be wider so that the reader's eyes should not have to wander across the sheet.",
|
142 |
+
"He should not diminish the size of the characters in order to leave a space between one paragraph and another. When he comes (at the end of a line) to a word of five letters, he must not write two within the column and three outside the column; but he is to write three letters within the column and two outside the column. If there is not enough space left at the end of the line to write three letters, he is to leave it blank and begin at the commencement of the next line.",
|
143 |
+
"If at the end of a line, he has a word of two letters to write, he may not place it between the columns (that is, outside the column) but he writes it at the beginning of the next line. If, before the line is filled up, he has a word of ten letters, more or less, to write and there is not enough space left on the line to write it all within the column, if he is able to write half the word within the column and half outside the column, he may do so. If he cannot do this, he leaves the space blank and writes the word at the beginning of the next line.",
|
144 |
+
"Between each book and the next, he leaves a space of four lines, no more and no less, blank without any writing, and starts the next book at the beginning of the fifth line. When completing the Torah, he is to finish it in the middle of the line at the end of the column. If several lines of the column would be left, he shortens the lines, so as to begin at the beginning of the last line of the column and not complete it, and also so plans the lines that the final words <i>Le-รฉnรฉ Chol Yisrael</i> (\"in the sight of all Israel\") shall be in the middle of the line at the end of the column.",
|
145 |
+
"He should pay careful attention to the letters that are written large or small, to the letters that are punctuated with dots above them, to the letters that are written differently to the others, such as the letter Pรฉ and the letters that are curved, in the way the scribes have carried on the tradition. He is to pay attention to the tittles<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">lines over each of the letters <i>Shin, Ayin, Teth, Nuen, Zayin, Gimel, Tzadi</i>.</i> and the number of them in each caseโone letter having above it a single tittle, another having seven tittles. All the tittles have the shape of the letter <i>Zain</i> and are to be thin as a hair.",
|
146 |
+
"All these provisoes are only stated in order that the duty of writing a scroll shall be observed in the most perfect way. If, however the scribe made changes in the method here set forth, was not careful in regard to the tittles, writing however all the letters correctly, or if he wrote the lines close together or far apart, extended the lines or shortened themโsince he did not join any letter to another, omit aught or add aught, mar the form of any letter, nor make any variation in regard to which paragraphs should be open and which closed, the scroll is fit for use.",
|
147 |
+
"There are other rules mentioned in the Talmud which the scribes observe as a tradition handed down from one to another. They are as follows: The number of lines in each column shall not be less than forty-eight and not more than sixty; the blank spaces between one section and another shall be such that nine letters, e.g., A She R, A She R, A She R, can be written in it. The five lines preceding the Song at the Red Sea (Exodus 14:28, 29, 30, 30, 31) shall begin respectively with the words <i>Habaim, Bayabashah, Hashem, Mes, Bemitzraim.</i> The five lines after it shall begin respectively with the words <i>Vatikach, Achareha, Sus, Vayetzรซรผ, Vayavรถรผ</i> (Exodus 15:20, 20, 21, 22, 23). The six lines before the Song of Moses beginning <i>Haazinu</i> (Deuteronomy 32:1-43) shall respectively commence with the words <i>Veaeedah, Acharรฉ, Haderech, Beacharith, Lehacheeso, Kehal</i> (Deuteronomy 31:28, 29, 29, 29, 29, 30); and the five lines after the Song of Moses shall begin with the words <i>Vayabo, Ledabber, Asher, Hazoth, Asher</i> (Deuteronomy 32:44, 45, 46, 46, 47). All these points of observance are to enable us to fulfill the duty in the best way. Variations in these particulars do not render the scroll unfit for use.",
|
148 |
+
"But if the scribe wrote <i>defective</i> a word that should be <i>plene</i> or vice versa; or a word traditionally pronounced differently to the way it is written, according to the traditional pronunciation, for example, if he wrote <i>Yishkevenoh</i> instead of <i>Yishgelenoh,</i> or <i>Oovatechorim</i> instead of <i>Oova-apolim,</i> etc.; or if he wrote an \"open\" section as if it were a closed section or vice versa; or if he wrote one of the Songs like the ordinary prose text, or an ordinary section in the form of one of the Songs, the scroll is unfit for use as a scroll of the Law. It has not the sacredness of a scroll of the Law, but is like any one of the books of the Pentateuch out of which children are taught.",
|
149 |
+
"A scroll of the Law, which has not been examined for correctness may not be kept longer than thirty days. It must either be corrected or segregated.<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">put away and not be used.</i> A scroll of the Law which has three errors in each column should be corrected. If there are four, it must be put away. If the greater portion has been found to be correct, and the remainder has four errors in each column, but there is even one column in this erroneous portion with less than four errors, corrections could be made.",
|
150 |
+
"This rule only applies to cases where the scribe wrote <i>defective</i> words that should be written <i>plene</i> so that he would be under the necessity of inserting the letters that he forgot between the lines. But if he wrote <i>plene</i> words that are <i>defective,</i> even if every column contains several errors, he corrects them, as he only erases and does not have to insert letters between the lines.",
|
151 |
+
"It is permitted to write the Pentateuch, each book in a separate scroll. These scrolls have not the sanctity of a scroll of the Law that is complete. One may not however write a scroll containing some sections. Such a scroll may not be written for a child's instruction. This is permitted, however, where there is the intention to complete the remainder of the book. If one wrote such a scroll with three words on each line, this is permitted.",
|
152 |
+
"The Pentateuch, the Prophets and the Hagiography may be put together in one volume. In such a case, a space of four lines is left blank between each book of the Pentateuch and the next; a space of three lines between each of the major Prophets and the next; and a space of three lines between each of the twelve minor prophets and the next, so that he can, if he wishes, separate any book. The order of the prophetical books is as follows: Joshua, Judges, Samuel, Kings, Jeremiah, Ezekiel, Isaiah, the Twelve Minor Prophets. The order of the books of the Hagiography is: Ruth, Psalms, Job, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, Lamentations, Daniel, Esther, Ezra, Chronicles.",
|
153 |
+
"None of The Holy Scriptures may be written except on ruled lines, even if they are written on paper: Three words of Scripture may be written without ruling the line, but to write more is forbidden. A volume containing the Pentateuch, Prophets and Hagiography has not the sanctity of a scroll of the Law, but of a single book of the Pentateuch. The scroll which contains more than the entire Pentateuch is in the same class as that which contains less than the entire Pentateuch, on the principle that excess is similar to deficiency."
|
154 |
+
],
|
155 |
+
[
|
156 |
+
"The <i>open</i> section has two forms. If the previous section ended in the middle of a line, the scribe leaves the remainder of the line blank and commences the open section at the beginning of the next line. This only applies to the case where, after the conclusion of the previous section, there is left sufficient space on the line to write nine letters. But if the space left is less, or if the previous section was completed at the end of the line, the next line must be left blank, and the open section is begun at the commencement of the third line.",
|
157 |
+
"A <i>closed</i> section has three forms. If the previous section ended within the line, the scribe leaves a blank space for the required dimension (enough to write nine letters) and begins the closed section at the end of the line, provided that there is a blank space between it and the preceding section. If the completion of the previous section did not leave space for the blank of the required breadth and for writing (at least) one word at the end of the line, the scribe should leave the remainder of the line blank, leave a little space at the beginning of the next line blank, and begin the closed section within the line. If the previous section ended at the close of the line, he leaves a blank space of the required breadth (nine letters), at the beginning of the next line, and begins to write the closed section within the line. Hence, you may say that an open section always begins within the line.",
|
158 |
+
"A scroll which is inaccurate in regard to words that are written <i>plene</i> or <i>defective</i> can be made good by being corrected, as already explained. But if the scribe made a mistake in the spacing between the sections, and wrote an open section as if it were a closed section, or a closed section as if it were an open section or left a space where a section does not end, or continued writing without leaving a space where a section ends, or deviated from the form in which the Songs are written, in all these cases, the Scroll is unfit for use and there is no remedy except to remove the entire column in which the mistake occurs.",
|
159 |
+
"As in all the scrolls I have seen, I noticed serious incorrectness in these regards, while authorities on the Massorah, who write treatises and compilations with the aim of pointing out the sections that are closed and those that are open, differ according to the variations in the scrolls on which they rely, I deemed it fit to write here a list of the sections which are closed and those which are open, as also the forms in which the Songs of the Pentateuch are written so that all the scrolls may be corrected from, and compared with them. The copy on which I relied is the well-known Egyptian codex which contains the twenty-four books of the Scriptures and which had been in Jerusalem for several yearsโused as the standard text for the examination of scrolls. Everyone relied upon it because it had been examined by Ben Asher who closely studied it for many years and examined it again whenever it was being copied. This codex was the text on which I relied in the scroll of the Law that I wrote according to the rules. (Here follow lists of open and closed sections which are in the Hebrew text on the right-hand pages 131b to 136b.)<br>THE BOOK OF GENESIS<br>The number of open sections is 43; of closed sections 48; total 91.<br>THE BOOK OF EXODUS<br>The number of open sections is 69; of closed sections, 95; total 16<br>THE BOOK OF LEVITICUS<br>The number of open sections is 52; of closed sections, 46; total 98.<br>THE BOOK OF NUMBERS<br>The number of open sections is 92; of closed sections, 66; total 158.<br>THE BOOK OF DEUTERONOMY<br>The number of open sections of this book is 34; of closed sections, 124, total 158. The number of open sections in the entire Pentateuch is 290; of the closed sections, 379; total 669.<br>The form of the Song <i>Haazinu</i> (Deuteronomy 32:1-43). Every line has a blank space in the middle, like that preceding a closed section. Hence, every line is divided into two parts. The song is written in 70 lines. The words at the beginning of the lines are as follows:<br>(See the Hebrew text on the right hand side page 136a)<br>All these are the words at the beginning of the lines. And the following are the words at the beginning of the latter half of the line which are in the middle of the column.(See the Hebrew text on the right hand pages 136a and 136b)<br>The Song of the Red Sea (Exodus 15:1-19) is written in thirty lines, the first line in the ordinary way; the other lines, one with a blank space in the middle, the next with blank spaces in two places, so that the line is divided into three parts and so a blank space corresponds to writing (above and below it) and vice versa as follows.<br>See the Hebrew text on the right-hand side 136a, 136b and 137a as it should be written in the scroll. The English pages should be blank.<br>Throughout the Torah, in the Songs as well as in the rest of the text, the scribe should aim to write all the letters of each word close together, taking care that no letter should be joined to another, and that no letter should be so far away from the next as to make the word seem two words. The interval between the letters in one word should be a hairbreadth. If the scribe wrote one letter so far apart from the other that it would appear to a child who is not familiar with the text like two words, the scroll is unfit for use till he makes the correction."
|
160 |
+
],
|
161 |
+
[
|
162 |
+
"The length of a scroll of the Law should not exceed the circumference, nor should the circumference exceed the length. What is a suitable length? Where parchment of a whole hide is used, six hand-breadths, that is twenty-four finger-breadths taking the thumb as the standard. Where the parchment of the external half of the hide is used, the length may be more or less than this dimension, provided only that the length is equal to the circumference. So also in the case of parchment of a whole hide, if the scribe made the length less than six hand-breadths and wrote in a small hand or longer than six handbreadths and spread out the writing so that the length of the column is equal to the circumferenceโthis too is correct.",
|
163 |
+
"The extent of the lower margin is four finger-breadths; of the upper margin, three finger-breadths; between one column and another, two finger-breadths. Hence, on the right and left of every sheet of parchment, the scribe has to leave a margin a finger-breadth wide and enough beside for sewing; so that, when the sheets are sewn together, there will be throughout the scroll a blank space of two finger-breadths between the columns. The scribe must leave in addition enough margin at the beginning and end of the scroll to fold a blank column round the rollers. All these dimensions are to be observed in order to fulfill the precept properly. But if the scribe exceeded or fell short of them, he does not render the scroll unfit for use.",
|
164 |
+
"How shall one proceed so that the length of the scroll shall turn out equal to its circumference. The parchment sheets are made evenly rectangular; each sheet being six handbreadths wide, all of the same dimensions. They are rolled evenly into one bundle tightly rolled up. And skins are added and tightly rolled till the circumference is six handbreadths, which is the width of the sheets. This is measured with a thread of wool which is placed round the bundle.",
|
165 |
+
"The scribe then fashions a straight ruler, forty or fifty finger-breadths long; one of these finger-breadths, he marks in two, three and four equal parts so as to be able to measure off a half, a third and a quarter of a finger-breadth and similar fractions. With this, he measures each sheet, so as to ascertain the number of finger-breadths it contains and so determine how many finger-breadths there are in the entire bundle.",
|
166 |
+
"He then takes two or three other sheets of parchment, to test the size of the characters, and writes on them one column. The length of a column of writing is obviously seventeen finger-breadths as a margin must be left, of three finger-breadths above and four finger-breadths below. The width of the column will depend on the handwriting, whether it is large or small. So also, the number of lines will vary according to the handwriting, as between each line and the next, the space of a line must be left.",
|
167 |
+
"Having written the column which he uses as a test as he pleases, he measures its breadth by means of the finger-breadths of the ruler, and adds two finger-breadths for the margin between column and column. He then calculates how many columns of such writing would fill the sheets in the bundle he had made up. Having ascertained the total number of columns, he will then see how much of the entire Pentateuch is in the column which he wrote as a test. He will make the estimate with the aid of the scroll which serves him as a copy, and calculate accordingly. If the number of columns of the kind of writing which he wrote is sufficient for the whole Torahโwell and good. If the calculation showed that there are more columns than are required for the whole Torah, he will enlarge the writing, so as to diminish the number of columns, and he will make a test with another column. If the calculation shows that for the writing of the Torah more columns will be required than are contained in his sheets, he will use smaller characters and so secure a larger number of columns. He will make the test with column after column till the calculation comes out exact.",
|
168 |
+
"Once he knows the width of the column and the size of the characters, he can begin writing the scroll with that bundle of sheets. He then divides the parchment (sheets) into columns by ruling them off,โeach column of the same width as that which his tests and calculations showed to be the right size. If three or four finger-breadths are left over beyond the last column, he should leave one finger-breadth and enough besides for sewing the sheet to the next, and cut off the rest, and need feel no apprehension, for at the end, more sheets will be added to make up for the superfluous strips that he cut off from each sheet. Nor need he make any calculations in regard to this, for the writing will be according to the number of columns.",
|
169 |
+
"So too, if one wishes to make the width of the scroll more or less than six handbreadths, he makes his calculation in the same way; and the length will be exactly equal to the circumference neither more nor less, provided that no mistake has been made in the calculation.",
|
170 |
+
"The finger-breadth in all the dimensions here and in the rest of the Torah is that of the medium sized finger. On careful examination, we find it to be the breadth of seven medium sized barley corns placed close together, this being equal to the length of two barley corns measured liberally. The handbreadth, wherever mentioned, is equal to four such finger-breadths. A cubit is six handbreadths.",
|
171 |
+
"The scroll which I wrote had a width of four finger-breadths to each column. The columns containing the Song of the Red Sea (Exodus 15.1-18) <i>Haazinu</i> (Deuteronomy 32:1-43) were each six finger-breadths wide. The number of lines in each column were fifty-one. The number of columns in the whole scroll were 226 columns. The length of the entire scroll was 1366 finger-breadths approximately.",
|
172 |
+
"The six finger-breadths left over were for the margin at the beginning and end of the scroll. The parchment skins on which we wrote were ramskins. Whenever you desire to write a scroll and follow these measurements completely or approximately, you need not weary yourself to make a calculation if you have one, two or three columns less or more; you will find that the length will be equal to the circumference.",
|
173 |
+
"No sheet should have less than three, nor more than eight columns. If a sheet is wide enough to contain nine columns, it is cut into two parts, one to contain four columns, the other to contain five columns. This rule applies to the beginning and middle of the scroll. But at the close, even if there is only left one verse to write on a column, that column is prepared on a separate sheet and sewn on to the other sheets.",
|
174 |
+
"For sewing the sheets together, only the sinews of a clean beast domestic or wild, including those that are <i>Terefah</i><sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Terefah</i> (literally torn), flesh of a beast that had suffered from a mortal lesion.</i> or <i>Nevelah</i>,<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\"><i>Nevelah</i>โflesh of a beast that had died or had not been slaughtered, or had been slaughtered by an unqualified or disqualified person.</i> may be used. The law here is the same as in regard to phylacteries. This rule goes back to Moses who received it on Sinai. Hence if the sheets have been sewn together but not with sinews or with sinews of an unclean animal, the scroll is unfit for use till the stitches are taken out and the sewing is done according to rule.",
|
175 |
+
"When the sheets are sewn together, they are sewn entirely from top to bottom, but a small portion is left above and below without being stitched, so that the scroll, when it is rolled up, may not be torn in the middle. Two wooden rollers are prepared, one for either end. The unwritten margins of parchment at the beginning and at the end are brought round the rollers and sewn with sinews, so that the scroll can be rolled over them; a clear space being left between the margin and the writing in the columns.",
|
176 |
+
"In case a scroll of the law had one of its sheets torn, the rent is sewn up, if it extends to two lines; if it extends to three lines, it is not sewn up. This rule applies to a scroll the gall dressing of which is no longer perceptible. But if the parchment still shows that it has been dressed, then, even when the rent extends to three lines, it is sewn up. So too, a rent between columns or between words is sewn up. For the stitching of the rents, the same kind of sinews are used as for the sheets. And wherever there is a rent, the scribe should make sure that no letter is missing or altered in form."
|
177 |
+
],
|
178 |
+
[
|
179 |
+
"You thus find that there are twenty factors, any one of which disqualifies a scroll of the law. If any of these occurs, the scroll is like one of the books of the Pentateuch out of which children are taught. It does not possess the sanctity of a scroll of the Law, and is not used for reading in public worship. They are as follows:<br>1) If it was written on the skin of a beast of an unclean species;<br>2) or on the skin of a beast of a clean species, which had not been tanned;<br>3) If the skin had been tanned but not for the express purpose of being used as a scroll of the law;<br>4) If it was written on the wrong side; in the case of parchment of whole hide on the side next to the flesh; in the case of parchment of the outer half of a split hide, on the side adjacent to the hair;<br>5) If it was written partly on parchment of whole hide and partly on that made of the outer half of split hide;<br>6) If it was written on the inner half of a split hide;<br>7) If it was written without the lines having been previously ruled;<br>8) If it was written with a dark writing fluid that does not make a permanent impression;<br>9) If it was written in other languages;<br>10) If it was written by a heretic (Epikouros) or other disqualified persons;<br>11) If the scribe wrote the names of God without special concentration of mind;<br>12) If a single letter was omitted;<br>13) If a single letter was added;<br>14) If one letter touched another;<br>15) If a single letter was so marred that it cannot be read at all, or resembles another letter, whether the defect is in the writing, or is due to a perforation, rent or smudge;<br>16) If the scribe wrote letters so far apart or so closely together that one word looks like two words or two words look like one word;<br>17) If he altered the form of the sections<sup class=\"footnote-marker\">*</sup><i class=\"footnote\">Wrote an โopenโ section as if it were a โclosedโ section or vice versa.</i>;<br>18) If he varied the form of writing the Songs;<br>19) If he wrote any other portion in the form of a Song;<br>20) If he did not sew the sheets with sinews of a beast of a clean species.<br>The other conditions stated are recommended as the best way of performing the duty of writing a scroll. Their non-observance does not render it unfit for use.",
|
180 |
+
"A scroll of the law that is fit for use is to be regarded as an object of extreme holiness and treated with great reverence. A person is forbidden to sell a scroll of the law even if he has nothing to eat, and even if he owns other scrolls. He may not even sell an old scroll, to buy a new one. A scroll may only be sold for one of two purposes, to provide means to enable one to study Torah or to marryโand then only if the owner has nothing else that he can sell.",
|
181 |
+
"If a scroll of the law has become worn out or been otherwise rendered unfit for use; it is placed in an earthenware vessel and buried beside the remains of deceased scholars. This is the appropriate method of \"concealing\" it (putting it away). Folders of scrolls that have become worn out are used as shrouds for the dead (found on the road) whose interment is a duty binding on all. This is the appropriate method of \"concealing\" them.",
|
182 |
+
"A case specially made for a scroll of the law and in which it has been placed, bands around the scrolls, the chest or structure in which it is deposited even though the scroll is in its case, as also a bench specially made on which to place a scroll of the law, and on which a scroll was placed are all subsidiaries of that which is sacred, and may not be thrown away. When worn out or broken, they are \"put away\". The platforms, however, on which the Reader of the congregation stands and holds the scroll and tablets on which (scriptures) are written for a child's instruction have no sanctity. Golden and silver pomegranates and other such ornaments, made for the embellishment of a scroll of the law are subsidiaries of that which is sacred; and it is forbidden to part with them to be used for secular purposes, unless they were sold with the intention to purchase with their proceeds a scroll of the law or a book of the Pentateuch.",
|
183 |
+
"It is permitted to place one scroll of the law upon another scroll, or, needless to add, upon single books of the Pentateuch. Single books of the Pentateuch may be placed upon books of the Prophets or Hagiography. But the books of the prophets and of the Hagiography are not placed upon single books of the Pentateuch; nor the latter on a scroll of the law. No sacred writings, not even Halachas or Hagadas (Legalistic or Homiletic works) may be thrown away. Amulets which contain scriptural matter, must not be taken with one into a lavatory (privy) unless they are covered with a skin.",
|
184 |
+
"A person may not, while bearing a scroll of the law in his arms, enter a bath-house, lavatory, or cemetery, even if the scroll is swathed in folders and placed in its case. A person must not read in it till he has moved away four cubits from the dead body (bath house) or lavatory. One may not hold a scroll of the law when nude. It is forbidden to sit down on a couch on which there is a scroll of the law.",
|
185 |
+
"Cohabitation is forbidden in a chamber where there is a scroll of the law, till it has been removed or placed in a receptacle which is itself placed in a receptacle not specially assigned to the scroll. If it has however been so assigned, even ten receptacles within each other, are regarded as a single receptacle. If a partition, ten handbreadths high, has been constructed for the scroll, cohabitation may take place if there is no other room. It may not take place, if there is another room, till the scroll has been removed.",
|
186 |
+
"All who are ritually unclean, even women in their menstruating period, and even a non-Israelite, may hold a scroll of the law and read in it, for the words of the Torah do not contract uncleanliness, provided that the holder's hands are not dirty or soiled. They must therefore wash their hands and then they may touch it.",
|
187 |
+
"Every one who sees a person carrying a scroll of the law and proceeding with it must stand up before it; and all persons continue standing till the bearer of the scroll stops, having carried it to its appointed place, or passes out of sight. They are then permitted to resume their seats.",
|
188 |
+
"It is a duty to assign a fixed place for a scroll of the law, and to show it extreme honor and courtesy. The words in the tables of the covenant are in every scroll of the law. One may not expectorate before a scroll of the law, nor indecently expose oneself before it, nor stretch out one's feet before it; nor place it upon the head in the way in which a burden is carried; nor turn one's back to it unless it is at an elevation of ten handbreadths above the person.",
|
189 |
+
"If one is travelling from place to place and had a scroll of the law with him, he is not to put the scroll in a sack, place it on the donkey's back and ride upon it. If, however, he is afraid of thieves, he may do so. When there is no such apprehension, he places it in his bosom close to his heart, and continues his journey, riding. Any one, sitting before a scroll of the law, should be inspired with a sense of earnestness, awe and reverence, for it is a faithful witness concerning all who come into the world, as it is said, \"It shall be therefore a witness against thee\" (Deuteronomy 31:26). All possible honor should be shown it. The ancient sages said, \"Whoever treats the Torah with contumely will be treated with contumely by his fellow-creatures. Whoever honors the Torah, will receive honor from his fellow creatures\" (Ethics of the Fathers 4:8). End of the laws concerning the scroll of the Law by the Grace of God."
|
190 |
+
]
|
191 |
+
],
|
192 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
193 |
+
"Chapter",
|
194 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
195 |
+
]
|
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+
}
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/Hebrew/Wikisource Mishneh Torah.json
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{
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"language": "he",
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"title": "Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll",
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"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื (ืืืงืืืงืกื)",
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23 |
+
"ืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืงืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื' ืฉืืกืคืจ ืืืื ืฉืืืช ืืฉืืข ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืข ืื ืฉื ืืชืืืช ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืืืืคืื ืืืชื ืืขืืจ ืื ืงืจืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืจืืฉ ืืงืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืื ืืืคืืื ืงืืฆื ืฉื ืืืช ืืืช ืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืื ืืขืื ืืช ืืืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืขื ืฉืืืื ื ืืชืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืชืืงืื ื.",
|
24 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืชื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืฉืืืืืื ืฉืื ืฉืืข ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืข ืืคื' ืืืช ืืืช ืืฉืชื ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืื ืืกืจ ืงืืฆื ืืขืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืฉืชืืื ื ืืชืืืช ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืืกืจ ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืคืกืื.",
|
25 |
+
"ืขืฉืจื ืืืจืื ืืฉ ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืคืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืช ืืื ืืจื ืืชืคืืืื ืคืกืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืื ืืืชืืืชื ืืฉืื ื ืืืคืืืื ืืงืฉืืจืช ืจืฆืืขืืชืืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืฉืืืชืืืชื: ืฉืืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืืื ื ืืชืืื ืขื ืืงืืฃ.",
|
26 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืงืืฆืื ืืขืฉื ืฉื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืคืช ืืฉื ืฉืขืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืจืฃ ืืืืื ืืืืขื ืืืฉ ืืืืชืชืื ืืืชื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืจืงืืงืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืฆื ืืขืื ืืืชื ืืืฉืขืช ืืชืืื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืขืคืฆืื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืืชื ืื ืฉืื ืชืืืงื ื ืืืื ื ืืืง ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืืชืื ืื ืกืคืจืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืื ืืชื ืฉืืฉืชื ืืื ืขืคืฆื ืืงื ืงื ืชืื ืฉืืื ืขืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืืง ืืฉืจืื.",
|
27 |
+
"ืื ืื ืื ืืืขืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืชืืืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืฆืืขืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืืง ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืื ืืชื ืืกืคืจืื ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืื ืืืืืืืช ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืฆืืขืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืื ืคืกืืืื.",
|
28 |
+
"ืฉืืฉ ืขืืจืืช ืื: ืืืื ืืงืืฃ ืืืืืกืืกืืืก ืืืฆื ืืืงืืื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืขืืืจืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืื ื ืชืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืขืืืื ืืืชื ืืงืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืขืคืฆื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืืืืฆืื ืืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืืงืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืื ืงืจื ืืืื.",
|
29 |
+
"ืืื ืืงืื ืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืขืืืจื ืฉืขืจื ืืืืืงื ืืืชื ืืขืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ืฉืืขืืื ืื ืขืืฉืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ื ืขืืจืืช ืืื ืืง ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืขืจ ืืืื ืขืื ืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืขืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืงืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืขืคืฆื ืืืืืฆื ืื ืื ืืืืง ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืขืจ ื ืงืจื ืงืืฃ ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฉืจ ื ืงืจื ืืืืกืืกืืืก.",
|
30 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืฉืืืื ืืืชืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืืชืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืืขืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืืืืชืืื ืืืงืื ืืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืืืกืืกืืืก ืืืืชืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืืขืจ ืืื ืืืืชื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืืืงืื ืฉืืขืจ ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืืื ืืืืืืกืืกืืืก ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืคืกืื.",
|
31 |
+
"ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืื ืืชื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืืฉืจ ืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืืกืืกืืืก ืฉืื ืืชื ืขืืื ืืกืคืจ ืคืกืื ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืช ืืืืืื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืืืกืืกืืืก ืืื ืืืฆืื.",
|
32 |
+
"ืืื ืืืชืืื ืกืคืจืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืขื ืืื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืฃ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืขื ืืื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืฃ ืืืืจืื ืืืคืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืจืืคืืช ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืขื ืืื ืขืืจ ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืคืืกืงืช ืืขืืืืื.",
|
33 |
+
"ืืืื ืฉื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืงืืฃ ืฉื ืชืคืืืื ืื ืฉื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฆืจืื ืืขืื ืืืชื ืืฉืื ืืื ืขืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืคืกืืืื ืืคืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืืชื ืคืกืืืื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืืจื ื ืื ืืืืชื ืืขืื ืขืืจ ืื ืืฉื ืืกืคืจ ืื ืืฉื ืืชืคืืืื ืคืกืืืื ืฉืืืืชื ืขื ืืขืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืื ืขื ืืขืช ืืฉืืืจ ืืืชื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืฆืจืื ืืขืฉื ืืฉืื ืื ืขืฉืื ืืืืชื ืคืกืื ืืืืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืื.",
|
34 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืชืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืืื ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืืืื ืฉืจืืื ืืคื ืฉืื ืืืืคืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืชืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืชื ืฉืืื ืืืจืกืื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืื ืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืกืืจ ืืืชืื ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืฉืื ืื ืืืชื.",
|
35 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืชืื ืืคืืงืืจืืก ืืฉืจืคื ืืชืื ืืืชื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืื ืก ืื ืขืื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืงืื ืืจื ืืื ืคืกืืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืงืฉืจืชื ืืืชืืชื ืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืขื ืืงืฉืืจื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืชื ื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืคืืงืืจืืก ืืืื ื ืืืืข ืื ืืชืื ืืื ืื ื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืงืืื ืกืคืจืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืื ืืืืชืื ืืืืชืจ ืขื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืืื.",
|
36 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืชืื ืขื ืืื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืืขืืฃ ืืืืืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืขืืจืืช ืฉืืื ื ืืขืืืืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืชืคืืืื ืขื ืขืืจ ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืฉืื ืืจื ืืื ืคืกืืืื.",
|
37 |
+
"ืืืืชื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืขืช ืืชืืื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืชื ืืืืจื ืื ืืืืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืื ืคืกืืืื ืืคืืื ืืืืชื ืืช ืืฉื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืื ืืืชื ืฉื ืื ืื ืฉืืฉื ืฉืืืช ืืจื ืื ืืคืกืืง ืืื ืืื ืืืฉืื.",
|
38 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืช ืืงืืืืืก ืืืชืื ืืช ืืฉื ืื ืืชืืื ืืืืช ืืฉื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืคื ืื ืฉืื ืืืชืื ืืช ืืฉื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืฉืืืช ืืื ืืงืฆืช ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืชืืื ืคืกืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืชืืืืช ืื ืฉืื ืืืชื ืืงืฆืช ืืชืืื ืืฉืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืืืขืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืืื ื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืืชื ืืืจืช ืืืืชืจ ืืืชืื ืืช ืืฉื ืขื ืืงืื ืืืจื ืืขื ืืงืื ืืืืง ืืืืื.",
|
39 |
+
"ืืืชืื ืกืคืจืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืคื ืืืจืืขื ืขื ืคื ืื ืืื ืคืืจืฉ ืขืืื ืืื ืื ืืืคืื.",
|
40 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืกืืคืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืฆืื ืืชืืช ืืื ืื ืืชืืชื ืืืืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืคืกืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืคืกืื ืื ืฉืืจื ืืืื ืืื ื ื ืืื ืืคืกืื ืฉืื ืื ื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืืคืกืื ืขื ืืืืงื ืื ืขื ืื ืฉืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืคืกืื ืืืืืจื ืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืจืืช ืืคืืื ืื ืืืจ ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืขืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืขืืืืืช ืืฉืื ืืชืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืคืกืื ืฉืืจื ื ืืื ืืคืกืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืขืืจืืช ืืขืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืื.",
|
41 |
+
"ืืื ืืืชืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืืชืืจื ืืกืคืจืื ืืืชืื ืืฃ ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจ ื ืฉืงืข ืืื ื ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืฉืชืืฉ ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืชืืืชื ืืื ืฉืื ืชืืืง ืืืช ืืืืช ืฉืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืขืืจ ืืงืืฃ ืื ืืืจืืข ืจืืืืชืื ืคืกืื ืืื ืืืช ืฉืืื ืืชืื ืืง ืฉืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืกืื ืืืื ืืงืจืืชื ืคืกืื ืืคืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืฆืืจืช ืืืืชืืืช ืฉืื ืชืืื ืืื\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืื ืื\"ื ืืื\"ื ืืื ื\"ืฃ ืืื\"ืช ืืื ืื\"ืช ืื\"ืฃ ืืื ืื\"ืช ืืจื\"ืฉ ืืื ืจื\"ืฉ ืืื\"ืช ืืื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืขื ืฉืืจืืฅ ืื ืืงืืจื ืืื.",
|
42 |
+
"ืขืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืงืื ืื ืืืชืื ืขื ืืื ืื ืงื ืืื ื ืงื ืฉืืืื ืขืืืจืช ืขืืื ืืื ื ื ืงื ืืืืชืจ ืืืชืื ืขืืื ืืคืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืชืื ืขื ืืื ืขืืจ ืืขืืฃ ืฉื ืชืขืื ื ืืงื ืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืฉื ืืชื ืื ื ืืงื ืืชืื ืืืืช ืืืื ืชืื ื\"ื ืื ืชืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ\"ื ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืชืืืช ืืฉืจ ื ืืงื ืืืจื ืฉื ืืืช ืขื ืฉื ืคืกืงื ืื ื ืฉืชืืืจ ืืื ื ืืื ืืืช ืงืื ื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืื ืื ื ืฉืชืืืจ ืืื ื ืืื ืืืช ืงืื ื ืคืกืืื."
|
43 |
+
],
|
44 |
+
[
|
45 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืืชืืื ืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืชืืื ืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืขื ืืจืืข ืงืืคืื ืืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืข ืืชืื ืฉืื ืืืืืจืื ืืขืืจ ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืจืืข ืืคืื ืขื ืงืืฃ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืกืืคื ืืชืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืื.",
|
46 |
+
"ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืฉืื ืขืฉื ืืกืชืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืืคืชืืื ืกืชืืื ืคืกืื ืืฉืืฉืช ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืืจืืฉืื ืืช ืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืคืจืฉื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืข ืกืชืืื.",
|
47 |
+
"ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืกืจ ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืจืืขืชื ืืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืืืช ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืืืง ืฉืื ืืชื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืคืกืื ืขื ืฉืืืืง ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืกืจ ืคืกืื ืืืื ืื ืชืงื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืกืจืืช ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืื.",
|
48 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืจืืฉืื ื: ืงืืฉ ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืง ืืกืจ [ืืืฆืื ืืื ืืฆืืื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื [ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืกืจ ืืืืืืกื ืืื ืืืืชืื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืืขืืื ืืกืจ ืืฆืช ืืกืจ ืืฉืืืขื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืกืจ ืืืื ืืกืจ ืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืชืืจืช ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืืืงื ืืกืจ ืืืืขืื ืืื.",
|
49 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืฉื ืืื: ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืืืืืชืื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืืืจ ืืกืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืง ืืกืจ ืืืฆืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืกืจ ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืกืจ ืืขื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืชืื ืื\"ื ืืืืืืคืช ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืชื ืื ื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืืง ืืกืจ ืืืฆืืื ื ืืื.",
|
50 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืฉืืืฉืืช: ืฉืืข ืขื\"ื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืืืืื ืื\"ืช ืฉื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืกืจ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืื ืื\"ื ืฉื ืืื ืืืงืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืกืจ ืืืืคืช ืืกืจ ืฉื ื ืืืื\"ื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืืชื ืืื ืื\"ื ืฉื ืืื ืืืฉืขืจืื ืืื.",
|
51 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืจืืืขืืช: ืืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืืกืจ ืืฆืืชื ืืื\"ื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืื ืืืืงืืฉ ืืื ืืชืืจืฉื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืืืฉืชืืืืชื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืกืจ ื ืชื ืืกืจ ืืชื ืืกืจ ืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืคืช ืืกืจ ืื\"ื ืฉื ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืกืจ ืืืืชื ืืื ืื\"ื ืฉื ืืื ืืืงืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื\"ื ืฉื ืืื ืืืฉืขืจืื ืืื ืืืืชืืื ืืกืจ ืื\"ื.",
|
52 |
+
"ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืฉื ืืืชืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืงืืคืืช ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืชื ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืื ืื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืชืืืืืช ืฉืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืื.",
|
53 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืฉ ืื ืืืช ืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ื\"ื ืกืชืืื ืฉื ืืืืื ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืื ื\"ื ืคืจืฉื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืฉ ืืืชืืืช ืืื ืืืช ืืื ื\"ื ืืขื ืื ื\"ื ืืืืฉืชื ืืจืืข ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื ื\"ื ืฉื ืื ืชื ื ืื\"ื ืจืืฉืื ื ืื\"ื ืืืจืื ื ืฉื ืืงืฉื ืื\"ื ืฉื ืืืืจื ืื\"ื ืฉื ืืืื ืคืจืฉื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืฉ ืื ืืืฉ ืืืชืืืช ืืืื ืื ืงื\"ืฃ ืฉื ืืืงืืื ืืฉ ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืื ื\"ื ืืงื\"ืฃ ืฉื ืืงืฉืจืชื ืืฉ ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืื ื\"ื ืืื\"ืช ืื\"ืช ืค\"ื ืฉื ืืืืคืช ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืฉืืฉืชื ืืจืืข ืืืื ื\"ื ืคืจืฉื ืจืืืขืืช ืืฉ ืื ืืืฉ ืืืชืืืช ืค\"ื ืฉื ืืืกืคืช ืืฉ ืขืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืื ื\"ื ืืชื\"ื ืฉื ืืืกืคืช ืืฉ ืขืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืช ืืื\"ืช ืื\"ืช ืค\"ื ืฉื ืืืืืคืช ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืฉืืฉืชื ืืจืืข ืืืื ื\"ื ืื ืืืืชืืืช ืืืชืืืืืช ืฉืฉ ืขืฉืจื ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืชืืื ืื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืจืข ืืื ืื ืคืกื.",
|
54 |
+
"ืืืืงื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืงื ืืงื ืืื ื ืืื ืงืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืง ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืงืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืฉืชืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืื ืฉืชืื ืฉื ืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืื ืืฆืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืง ืื ืืืืฉ ืืืจื ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืฉืืจ ืฆืจืื ืืืืงื ืืื ืืงืื ืฆืืชืื ืฆืืชืื ืืืื ืฆืจืืืืช ืืืืงื ืฉืืืงืช ืืฆืืชืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืงืืืื.",
|
55 |
+
"ืืืืชื ืชืคืืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืฉืืงืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืื ืืืืงื ืืืืืืจื ืืขืืจื ืืขืืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืืงื ืคืขื ืืืจืช ืืืคื' ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืคืืืื ืฉืื ืืจื ืื ืืืืงืชื ืืืื ืืืฉืฉืื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืงื ืืืช ืืชืืื ืื ืฉื ืืงืื ืืื ืืืงื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืื."
|
56 |
+
],
|
57 |
+
[
|
58 |
+
"ืฉืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืฉ ืืืขืฉื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืืืคืืื ืืืื ืืขืืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืช ืืื ืคืกื ืืืื ืื:ืฉืืืื ืืจืืืขืืช ืืื ืชืคืืจืชื ืืจืืืข ืืืืืกืื ื ืืจืืืข ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืืช ืฉืืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืขืืจ ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืฆืืจืช ืฉื\"ื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืขืจ ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืืื\"ื ืืื ืืกื ืืืชืืื ืืฉืืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืืืชื ืืืืืื ืืฉืขืืฉืื ืืื ืืขืืืจืช ืืขืืจ ืืืคืื ืฉืชืื ืก ืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืขื ืฉืชืื ืขืืืจืช ืืืืืืช ืืชืื ืชืืืจ ืฉืื ืืฉืืืื ืืจืฆืืขืืช ืฉืืืจืืช ืืฉืืืื ืืงืฉืจ ืฉืืื ืงืฉืจ ืืืืข ืืฆืืจืช ืื\"ืช.",
|
59 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืขืืฉืื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืงืืื ืขืฅ ืืจืืืข ืืจืื ืืจืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืจืืื ืื ืคืืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืงืคืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืจืืื ืืืืคืจืื ืื ืฉืืฉื ืืจืืฆืื ืืื ืฉืืขืฉื ืื ืืจืืข ืจืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืงืืื ืขืืจ ืืืจืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืฉืืืื ืื ืืช ืืขืฅ ืืืื ืืกืื ืืช ืืขืืจ ืืื ืื ืืจืืฅ ืืืจืืฅ ืืืืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืื ืืืืช ืฉื\"ื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฉืืฉื ืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืช ืฉื\"ื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืจืืขื ืจืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืื.",
|
60 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืขืืจ ืขื ืืขืฅ ืขื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืืืจ ืื ืืืืฅ ืืขืืจ ืืขื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืขืฅ ืื ืืฆื ืืขืืจ ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืจืืขื ืืชืื ืคื ืืืื ืืืื ืืกืื ืคืจืฉื ืืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืืืืืจืื ืืงืฆืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืชืืคืจืื ืืืชื ืืืจืืข ืคื ืืชืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืจ ืฉืืืื ืืงืื ืฉืชืื ืก ืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืื ืชืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืงืจื ืืขืืืจืช.",
|
61 |
+
"ืืืืฆื ืขืืฉืื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืงืืื ืขืฅ ืืจืืืข ืืจืื ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืืข ืื ืืชืจ ืขื ืื ืืขื ืื ืคืืืช ืืขื ืืืืคืื ืืืชื ืืขืืจ ืจืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืืขืืจ ืขื ืืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืืืืฅ ืืช ืืขืืจ ืืื ืื ืืช ืืจืืข ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืงืื ืืขืฅ ืืืืืืจ ืืงืฆืช ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืชืืคืจื ืืืจืืข ืคื ืืชืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืจ ืชืืืจ ืืงืื ืืจืฆืืขืืช.",
|
62 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืกืืืจ ืืคืฉืจืืืช ืืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืืก ืคืจืฉื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืืืืช ืจืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืขื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืข ืกืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืืฉื ืกืืืื ืืฉืืข ืืงืืฉ ืื ืืืืช ืจืืืขื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืงืืจื ืฉืืคื ืื ืื ืื ืคื ื ืืื ืื ืงืืจื ืขื ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืฃ ืกืืืจ ืื ืคืกืืืืช.",
|
63 |
+
"ืชืคืื ืฉื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืจืืขื ืืคืื ืืขืืจ ืืื ืืจืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืขื ืกืืืจื ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืชืื ืขื ืืจืืข ืขืืจื' ืืืื ืืกื ืืืืช ืืื ืืฆื ืืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืืงื.",
|
64 |
+
"ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืกืืคื ืืชืืืชื ืขื ืฉืชืืฆื ืืฉืชืคืชื ืืคืจืฉื ืชืงืจื ืื ืคืจืฉื ืืคืจืฉื ืืชืืืชื ืขื ืกืืคื.",
|
65 |
+
"ืืืฉืืื ืืกืื ืืช ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืชืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืืช ืืขื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืขืจ ืืื\"ื ืืื ืืกืื ืืืชื ืืืชืืื ืืฉืืขืจ ืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืขืจ ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืคืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืื ืืฉืืขืจ ืื ื ืืขืืืื.",
|
66 |
+
"ืืฉืชืืคืจืื ืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืคืืช ืฉืืื ืืืงืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืงื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืงืฉืื ืืจืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืคืฉืชื ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืจืืขืืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื.",
|
67 |
+
"ืืฉืชืืคืจืื ืืชืคืืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืืืชื ืืจืืืข ืืืืื ืจืืืืช ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฆื ืฉืืฉ ืชืคืืจืืช ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืื ืขืฉืจื ืชืคืืจืืช ืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืขืฉื ืืชืคืืจืืช ืขืฉืจ ืื ืืจืืข ืขืฉืจื ืขืืฉื ืืื ืืชืคืืจืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืกืืื ืืฉืชื ืจืืืืช.",
|
68 |
+
"ืืฆืจืื ืฉืืืืข ืืืจืืฅ ืฉื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืขื ืืงืื ืืชืคืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืฅ ื ืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืจืืขื ืจืืฉืื ื ืจืืื ืืื ืืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืฅ ืืืืข ืืืงืื ืืชืคืจ ืืฉืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืืจืืฅ ื ืืืจ ืคืกืืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืขืืืจ ืืชืื ืื ืืจืืฅ ืืืจืืฅ ืขื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืืืขืืืจ ืืื ืืืืื ืืชืคืืจื ืืื ืืจืืฅ ืืืจืืฅ ืืฉืืฉืชื.",
|
69 |
+
"ืืืืฆื ืขืืฉืื ืืจืฆืืขืืช ืืืงืืื ืจืฆืืขื ืฉื ืขืืจ ืจืืื ืืืืจื ืืฉืขืืจื ืืื ืืืชื ืจืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืฉืจื ืืืืจื ืจืฆืืขื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉืชืงืืฃ ืืช ืืจืืฉ ืืืงืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืืงืฉืจ ืืชืืชื ืฉืชื ืืจืฆืืขืืช ืืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืขื ืืืืืจ ืื ืืืขืื ืืื ื ืืขื ืืืืจื ืจืฆืืขื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืฉืชืงืืฃ ืืช ืืืจืืข ืืืงืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืืงืฉืจ ืืชืืชื ืจืฆืืขื ืืืช ืขื ืืฆืืข ืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืจืื ืืื ื ืขื ืืฆืืขื ืฉืืฉ ืืจืืืืช ืืืงืฉืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืจืฆืืขืืช ืืจืืืืช ืืชืจ ืขื ืฉืืขืืจืื ืืืื ืืฉืจืืช.",
|
70 |
+
"ืืืื ืืก ืจืฆืืขื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืชืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืงืืฃ ืืืืช ืจืืฉื ืืงืืฉืจ ืงืฉืจ ืืจืืืข ืืืื ืื\"ืช ืืงืฉืจ ืื ืฆืจืื ืื ืชืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืคืฉืจ ืืืืืืข ืฆืืจืชื ืืืชื ืืื ืืจืืืืช ืืขืื ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืงืืฉืจ ืงืฉืจ ืืืื ืื\"ื ืืชืืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืฉื ืื ืขืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืชืื ืืงืฉืจ ืืื ืฉืืจืืื ืืืงืฆืจ ืืขืช ืฉืืจืฆื ืืงืฉืืจ ืขื ืืื.",
|
71 |
+
"ืืจืฆืืขืืช ืฉื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉื ืื ืคื ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืื ืฉืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืจืฆืืขืืช ืืืืื ืืืืคื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืจืืงืืช ืื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืจืืช ืืืืืืช ืื ืืขืฉื ืฉืื ืชืืคื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืงืฆืืฆื ืื ืืจืืงื ืืจืืงืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืจืืช ืืงืฆืืฆื ืืืจืฆืืขื ืืืื.",
|
72 |
+
"ืืขืืจ ืฉืืืคืื ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืฉืขืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืจืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืขืืจ ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืขืืฃ ืืืืืจืื ืืืคืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืจืคืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืคื ืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืคืกืืืืช ืืขืืจ ืืจืฆืืขื ืฆืจืื ืขืืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืขืืจ ืฉืืืคืื ืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืขืืืื ืืื ืืคื' ืขืฉืื ืืฆื ืืฉืจ ืืืงืืืืช ืืจืื ื ืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืชื ืืขืืจ ืืฆื.",
|
73 |
+
"ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืขืฉืืืชื ืืืชืืืชื ืืคื ื ืืฉื\"ื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืขืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืจื ื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืคื ืืืืชื ืื ืชืคืจื ืคืกืืืืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืคืกืื ืืืชืื ืฉืื ืืขืฉื ืืืชื.",
|
74 |
+
"ืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืฉื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืงืืืฉื ืงืื ืืื ืจืฆืืขื ืฉื ืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืชืคืื ืฉื ืื ืื\"ื ืืฉืืืฉื ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืฉืื ืืืฉื ืืื ืืขืืื ืื ืจืฆื ืืืืืืจื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืฆื ืขืืฉืื ืืืื ืขืืื ืขืืจ ืขื ืฉืชืขืฉื ืืืช ืืงืืฉืจื ืขื ืืื.",
|
75 |
+
"ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืคืกืงื ืืชืคืืจืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืชื ืืชืคืืจืืช ืื ืืฆื ืื ืื ืฉื ืคืกืงื ืฉืืฉ ืชืคืืจืืช ืืคืืื ืื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืื ืืจื ืืื ืคืกืืืืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืื ืืืืฉืืช ืื ืืื ืฉืคื ื ืืืื ืงืืืืืช ืืฉืจืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืืฉืืช ืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืงืฆืช ืืขืืจ ืฉื ืงืจืข ืชืคืจื ืืชืืืื ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืืง ืืืื ื ื ืืจืช ืืจื ืืื ืืืฉืืช ืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืืชืืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืคืกืง ืืจื ืืื ืืฉื ืืช.",
|
76 |
+
"ืจืฆืืขื ืฉื ืคืกืงื ืืื ืงืืฉืจืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืฆืืื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืฉืื ืืืจืช ืืฉืืืจื ืืจืฆืืขื ืคืกืืืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืื ืืชืจ ืขืืื ืืืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืช ืคื ื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืืขืื ืืขืช ืฉืงืืฉืจ ืืืชื ืขื ืืื ืืขื ืจืืฉื."
|
77 |
+
],
|
78 |
+
[
|
79 |
+
"ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืืงืืงื ืฉืืื ืกืืฃ ืืฉืืขืจ ืฉืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืฉืืืื ืฉื ืชืื ืืง ืจืืคืก ืื ืืฆืจืื ืืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืื ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืื ืืงืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืขืืจืฃ ืฉืืื ืกืืฃ ืืืืืืืืช.",
|
80 |
+
"ืืฉื ืื ืงืืฉืจ ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืขื ืืงืืืืจืช ืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืชืืคื ืฉืืืจืคืง ืฉืืื ืคืจืง ืืืชืฃ ืืืื ืคืจืง ืืืจืืข ืฉื ืืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืืืง ืืจืคืงื ืืฆืืขืื ืชืืื ืชืคืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืงืืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืื.",
|
81 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืชืคืื ืฉื ืื ืขื ืคืก ืืื ืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืขื ืืฆืื ืืจื ืื ืืจื ืฆืืืงืื ืืขืืฉื ืชืคืืชื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืชื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืืืงืื ืงืฉืืจืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืงืื ืื ืืชื ืืคื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืืื.",
|
82 |
+
"ืชืคืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ื ืืขืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืื ื ืืขืืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืฉืชื ืืฆืืช ืื ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืืืฆื ืืืจืืื ืขื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืจื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืขื ืฉื ืื ืืืจื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื.",
|
83 |
+
"ืื\"ื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืช ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืงืืฉืจ ืฉื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืื ืืืืฅ ืืืืฅ ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื\"ื ืืืืฅ ืฉื ืื.",
|
84 |
+
"ืื ืฉืืืจื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืงืฉืจ ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืกืืจ ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืคืืื ืืืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืขื ืฉืื ืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืื ืฉื ืืจื ืื ืขืืืจื ืืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืฉื ืืื ืขื ืืฆืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ.",
|
85 |
+
"ืชืคืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืืืฅ ืืืืืฉ ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืืจื ืขืืืื ืงืืื ืืขืฉืืืชื ืืคืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืจื ืขื ืืชืคืื ืฉื ืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืขื ืืงืืืืจืช ืงืืื ืงืฉืืจืชื ืฉืงืฉืืจืชื ืื ืืื ืขืฉืืืชื.",
|
86 |
+
"ืืฉืืืืฅ ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืฆื ืืขื ืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืืขืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืฉืขื ืฉืืื ืจืืฆื ืืืืืฉื ืืคืืข ืืฉื ืจืืฉ ืชืืื ืื ืืฆื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืืฆืื ืฉื ืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืืฉืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืงืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืืืขืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืฆืื ืืืจืช ืืื ืืฆืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืชืขืกืง ืืคืืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืื ืฉื ืื ืืืขืื ืืื ืฉืืคืืข ืื ืชืืื ืืืืืฉ ืขื ืืกืืจ.",
|
87 |
+
"ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ื ืชืงืืฉ ืืืกืืจ ืืืฉืชืืฉ ืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืขืจืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืื ื ืชืงืืฉ ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืื ืืชืคืื ืขืฆืื ืืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืช ืืืืก ืฉืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื.",
|
88 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืงื ืื ืืื ืืฆืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืฉืืชืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืขืฆืื ืืืช ืืืืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืฉืืจืื ืืช ืืืืจื ืืจืืืง ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืืืจืื ืขื ืฉืชืฉืงืข ืืืื.",
|
89 |
+
"ืื ืฉืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืงืืื ืฉืชืฉืงืข ืืืื ืืืฉืื ืขืืื ืืคืืื ืื ืขืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืจ ืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืขืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืฆื ืืืชื ืืฉืชืฉืงืข ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืจ ืฉืชืฉืงืข ืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืฉืืจืช ืืช ืืืงื ืืืืช ืืื' ืืืืื ืืืืื.",
|
90 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืืจื ืืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืฉืงืขื ืขืืื ืืืื ืืงืืฉ ืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืขื ืฉืืื ืืืืข ืืืืชื ืืืืืฅ ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืงืืฉ ืขืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืข ืืืืชื ืืืืืฅ ืืื ืืฉ ืืืช ืกืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉืชืืจืื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืืฅ ืชืคืืืื ืืฉืฉืงืขื ืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืงืื ืืฉืืจื ืื ืืฆืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจื ืืืชืจ.",
|
91 |
+
"ืื ืืคืืืจ ืืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืคืืืจ ืืชืคืืืื ืงืื ืฉืืืืข ืืฉืืืจ ืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืืงื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืช ื ืงืืื ืืื ืืฆืขืจ ืคืืืจ ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืฆืืขืจ ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืฉืืื ืืขืชื ืืืืฉืืช ืื ืืื ื ืขืืื ืคืืืจ ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืกืืจ ืื ืืืกืื ืืขืชื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืขืช ืืขืืืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืืืืจืื ืืฉืืจ ืฉื ืืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืฉืขื ืฉืขืืืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืชืคืื ืืื ืืชืคืืืื.",
|
92 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืืฉ ืืชืคืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืฉืื ืืกืื ืืขืชื ืืื ืืคืืื ืจืืข ืืื ืฉืงืืืฉืชื ืืืืื ืืงืืืฉืช ืืฆืืฅ ืฉืืฆืืฅ ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืขืฉืจืื ืฉื ืฉื ืื\"ื ื\"ื ืืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืืืืชื ืืฉื ืื.",
|
93 |
+
"ืชืคืืืื ืฆืจืืืื ืืืฃ ื ืงื ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืื ืชืฆื ืืื ื ืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืคืืื ืืกืืจ ืืืฉื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืช ืงืืข ืืื ืฉืื ืช ืขืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืขืืืื ืกืืืจ ืืื ืืืชื ืขืื ืืฉื ืืฉื ืืื ืฉืื ืช ืขืจืื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืื ืื ืจืืฉื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืืฉื.",
|
94 |
+
"ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืจืืืื ืืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืฉื ืืื ืืคืืื ืฉืื ืช ืงืืข ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืขืจืื ืืื ืื ื ืื ืก ืืกืขืืืช ืงืืข ืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืฉืืื ื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืื\"ื ืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืขื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืื.",
|
95 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืืืืฆืจื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืื ืื ืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืกืืืืื ืืจืฉืืช ืืจืืื ืืืื ืก ืฉืื ืืืืื ืขืืืจื ืืจืืื ืืืฆื ืืขืฉื ืืคืืื ืืืฆืจื ืืืฉืชืื ืืื ืืืืฅ ืชืคืืืื ืืจืืืง ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ืชืื ืจืฆืืขื ืืืฆืืช ืืชืืช ืืื ืืคื ืื ืื ืก ืืขืืฉื ืฆืจืืื ืืืฉืืฆื ืืจืืืง ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืืช ืืืกื ืืืืืฉื.",
|
96 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืืงืืืข ืฉืืื ื ืืฆืืฆืืช ื ืืชืืืช ืขืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืกื ืขืจืื ืื ืืื ืก ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืืฅ ืืืชื ืื ืืชื ื ืืืืืจื ืืฉืืจื ืืืื ืื ืจืืืื ืืืื ืืคืืื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืงืืืข ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืคืจ ืชืืื ืืคื' ืืขืืืื ืืื ืืืงืื ืงืฉื ืืขืืื ืืืงืื ืืืจืื ืืื ืฉืื ืื ืชืื ื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืขืืื.",
|
97 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืฆืจื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืืขืช ืขืจื ืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืจ ืฉืืฆื ืื ืืื ืก ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืืฉืชืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืงืืืข ืืื ืืืฆื ืืขืฉื ืืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืื ืืคื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืก ืืื ืื ืืืฆืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืก.",
|
98 |
+
"ืฉืื ืื ืื ืก ืืืืช ืืืกื ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืชืคืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืขืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืืืจ ืขืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืืืฆื ืืืืืฅ ืืืจ ืื ื ืื ืก ืืขืืฉื ืฆืจืืื ืฉืื ืืคืกืืง ืืขืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืกืื ื ืืืืื.",
|
99 |
+
"ืฉืื ืืฉืืฉ ืืืชื ืืชืคืืืื ืืจื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืจืฆืืขื ืืื ืืงืฆืืฆื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืืื ืขืกืงื ืืืช.",
|
100 |
+
"ืื ืื ืก ืืืืช ืืืจืืฅ ืืงืื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืขืืืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืขืืืืื ืฉื ืืงืฆืชื ืขืจืืืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืืืืฉืื ืืื ื ืืืืฅ ืชืคืืืื ืืืื ื ืื ืื ืฉื ืชืคืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืงืื ืฉืื ื ืืื ืขืืืืื ืขืจืืืื ืืืืฅ ืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืื ืื.",
|
101 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืงืืจืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืคืืื ืืชืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืฉื ืืช ืื ืืชืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืฉื ืงืืจ ืฆืจืื ืืืืืฅ ืชืคืืืื ืขื ืฉืืจืืืง ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืกื ืขืจืืชื ืืืืืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืืืฅ ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืขื ืฉืืกืืจ ืืืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืืืคืืื ืืืคืืช ืืกืืจ ืืื ืื ืขื ืืจืืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืื ืฆืื ืฃ ืืื ืืฆื ืคืชื ืขื ืชืคืืืื.",
|
102 |
+
"ืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืชืคืืืื ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืกืืจ ืืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืืฆืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืื ืืื ืืคื' ืขืฉืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืื ืชืืช ืืจืืฉืืชืื ืืื ืืจ ืืืกืช ืฉืื ืื ืื ืจืืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืจื ืืืคื' ืืฉืชื ืขืื ืืืื.",
|
103 |
+
"ืงืืืฉืช ืชืคืืืื ืงืืืฉืชื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืฉืืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืฉื ืืื ืืขื ืืจืืขื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืฉื ืืฉืืืง ืืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืจืืจ ืืืฉืืืช ืจืขืืช ืืื ืืคื ื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืช ืืืฆืืง ืืคืืื ืฆืจืื ืืื ืืืฉืชืื ืืืืืชื ืขืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืืฆืืชื ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขืืื ืขื ืจื ืชืืืืื ืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืงืืืฉ ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืจืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืื ืชืืจื ืื ืืื ืฆืืฆืืช ืื ืืื ืชืคืืืื.",
|
104 |
+
"ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืฆืืชื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืช ืชืคืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืงืืจื ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืืื ืชืคืืืื ืืืื ืืขืื ืขืืืช ืฉืงืจ ืืขืฆืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืื ืื ืชืคืืืื ืขืืืจ ืืฉืืื ื ืขืฉื ืฉืืจื ืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืฆืื ืขื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืขื ืชืคืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ื' ืขืืืื ืืืื."
|
105 |
+
],
|
106 |
+
[
|
107 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืืชืืื ืืช ืืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืฉืชื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืฉืืข ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืข ืขื ืืฃ ืืื ืืืจืืขื ืืืช ืืขืืฉื ืื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืืืขืื ืืื ืืฆื ืฆืคืืจื ืืื ืืชืื ืืฉื ืื ืื ืืฉืืฉื ืืคืื ืืฉืืจื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืขืฉื ื ืืื ื ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืื ืืงืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืืืช ืืืื ืคืกืืื ืืชืื ืฉืื ืขื ืืกืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืงืืื ืคืจืฉื ืืคืจืฉื ืคืกืืื ืืชืื ืืฉื ื ืขืืจืืช ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืชืคืจื ืคืกืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืื ืืชืคืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืฉื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืจื ืืงืืืฉื ืงืื.",
|
108 |
+
"ืืืฆืื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืืื ืฉืืื ืคืจืฉืช ืฉืืข ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืข ืคืจืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืื ืขืฉื ืืืชื ืคืชืืื ืืฉืืจื ืืคื ืฉืืื ื ืกืืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืืืืื.",
|
109 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืืข ืืืชืืืช ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืื ื\"ื ืืืื ืื:ืฉื\"ื ืขืื\"ื ืฉื ืฉืืข ืื ื\"ื ืื ืคืฉื ืืชืจื ืืืื ื\"ื ืฉื ืืืืืืช ืืชืจื ืืืชื\"ื ืฉื ืืืคืช ืืคืจืฉื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืฉ ืืืชืืืช ืขื ืื ืืืช ืืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืื ื\"ื ืืืื ืื:ืืื\"ื ืฉื ืืื ื ืืชืจื ืืืื ื\"ื ืฉื ืืืืืืช ืืชืจื ืืืชื\"ื ืฉื ืืืืคืช ืืฆืื\"ืง ืฉื ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืชืืื ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืื ืื ืืจืข ืืื ืื ืคืกื ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืจืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืงืืง ืืืื ืืืกืจ ืื ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืืคื ืื ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืืจื ืื ืคืกืืื.",
|
110 |
+
"ืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืฉืืืชืืื ืขื ืืืืืื ืืืืืฅ ืื ืื ืืจืืื ืฉืืื ืคืจืฉื ืืคืจืฉื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืคืกื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืืืฅ ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืชืืื ืืืคื ืื ืฉืืืช ืืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืืช ืงืืืฉืื ืื ืคืกืืง ืื ืืืชืืืช ืืจื ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืง ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืืคืฉืื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืฉืขืฉื ืืฆืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืฉื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืชื ืืขืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืื ืงืืืข ืฉื ืื ืืืช ืขืฆืื ืืื ืฉืขืื ืขื ืืื ืืกืื ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืขืืื.",
|
111 |
+
"ืืืฆืื ืืืชืื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืื (ืืืืฆืข) ืืฉืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืคืจืื ืืืชืื ืืืชื ืืฉืชืื ืืขืฉืจืื ืฉืืืืช ืืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืจืืฉ ืฉืืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืืชืืืช ืฉืืจืืฉ ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืขื ืืกืืจ:ืฉืืข ื' ืืืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืืืจื ืขืฉื ืคื ืืืฉืชืืืืชื ืืฉืืื ืืืืืชื ืืฉืืชื ืืชื ืืชื ืืืจื ืืืฉืขืจืื ืืฉืจ ืขื ืืืจืฅ.",
|
112 |
+
"ืืฉืืืคืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืืชืืืชื ืขื ืฉืชืืฆื ืืฉืืคืชื ืืงืืจื ืืงืจืืช ืืงืจื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืืกืืคื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉืคืืคืจืช ืฉื ืงื ื ืื ืฉื ืขืฅ ืื ืฉื ืื ืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืชื ืื ืืืืืช ืืคืชื ืืืกืืจ ืื ืืืคืจ ืืืืืืช ืืคืชื ืืืื ืืก ืื ืืืืืื.",
|
113 |
+
"ืืงืืื ืฉืืงืืขื ื ืืืืืืช ืืคืชื ืืืจื ืชืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืฆืื ื ืืงืืืข ืืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืฉืขืช ืืชืืืชื ืฉืงืืืขืชื ืื ืืื ืืืฆืื.",
|
114 |
+
"ืชืืื ืืืงื ืคืกืืื ืฉืืื ืื ืงืืืขื ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืช ืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืืคืจ ืืืืืืช ืืคืชื ืืืื ืืก ืืืืืื ืืื ื ืืจ ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืงืจืฉืื ืืืืขืืช ืคืกืืื ืืขืืืง ืื ืืคื ืคืกืืื ืืชื ืงื ื ืืืื ืืก ืื ืืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืงื ื ืื ืงื ืื ืืืจืื ืืืขืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืคืชื ืคืกืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืงืืื ืงืืืขืช ืืืืืื ืืขืฉืืืช ืืืืืช ืืคืชื.",
|
115 |
+
"ืืืืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืงืช ืคืขืืื ืืฉืืืข ืืืืืืช ืจืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ื ืงืจืขื ืืื ื ืืืช ืืืช ืื ื ืืืงื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืงืืืขื ืืืชืืื ืืจืงืืช.",
|
116 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืคืืื ื ืฉืื ืืขืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืช ืืงืื ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืืช ืืืืฆื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืจ ืืคืื ืืง ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืคืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ื' ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื.",
|
117 |
+
"ืืืฉืืืจ ืืืช ืืืืืจื ืขื ืืฉืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืงืืืข ืืืชื ืืคืืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืฉืืจ ืขื ืงืืืขืชื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืช ืืืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืืฆื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืืืชื ืืจื ืื ื ืืืื ืืฉืืฆื."
|
118 |
+
],
|
119 |
+
[
|
120 |
+
"ืขืฉืจื ืชื ืืื ืืฉ ืืืืช ืืืืจ ืื ืืชืืืื ืืืจ ืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืกืจ ืชื ืื ืืื ืืื ืคืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื:ืฉืืืื ืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืขื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืื ืืชืจ ืืฉืชืืืื ื ืื ืฉืชื ืืืืืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืงืืฃ ืืชืืื ืื ืชืงืจื ืืืืื ืื ืืืชืืช ืืืืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืืื ืขืฉืจื ืืคืืื ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืขืฉืื ืืืืจืช ืืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืจืช ืืืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืจืช ืงืืข.",
|
121 |
+
"ืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืขื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืคืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืจืืข ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืขื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืฉืื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ืขืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืฉ ืืืืืช ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืชืจ ืขื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉ ืื ืืจืืข ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืขื ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืืื.",
|
122 |
+
"ืืืกืืจื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฉืืฉื ืืชืืื ืืชืงืจื ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฉื ื ืคืฆืืืื ืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืคืืืจื ืื ืืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืคืฆืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืชืงืจื ืื ืขืฉืืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืช ื ืขืฉื ืืื ืืชืงืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืืชืืื ืืื ืขืืืืช ืขื ืขืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ืืชืื ืืช ืืืช ืคืืืจื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืืขืืื ืืชืงืจื ืื ืขืฉืืืื.",
|
123 |
+
"ืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืคื ืืืื ืงืฉืช ืขื ืฉืชื ืืืืืืืช ืืืงืื ืืืฉืงืืฃ ืื ืืฉ ืืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืขืฉืจื ืืคืืื ืื ืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืฉืจื ืืคืืื ืคืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืื ืืฉืงืืฃ.",
|
124 |
+
"ืืืช ืฉืืื ืื ืชืงืจื ืคืืืจ ืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืงืฆืชื ืืงืืจื ืืืงืฆืชื ืืื ื ืืงืืจื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืงืืจืื ืื ืื ืืคืชื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืขืืืืื ืืืืชืืช ืืื\"ื ืงืืืขืื ืืช ืืืืืื.",
|
125 |
+
"ืืจ ืืืืช ืืืฉืืืช ืืืขืืจืืช ืืืชื ืื ืกืืืช ืืืชื ืืืจืฉืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืคืืืจืื ืืคื ืฉืื ืงืืฉ ืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืฉื ืืคืจืื ืฉืืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืฉื ืืจืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืืื ืื ืืฉืขืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืงืืฉ ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืฅ ืืฉืขืจ ื ืงื ืืจ ืืฉืืคื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉื ืืฉืืช ืคืจืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืืฉืื ืืืืช ืืืชื ืืืช ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืขืช ืืื ืืืคืจืฉื.",
|
126 |
+
"ืืืช ืืชืื ืืืช ืืืงืจ ืืืช ืืขืฆืื ืืืช ืืืฆืจืืช ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืชื ืืืชื ืืืืืื ืื ืคืจื ืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืคืืื ืจืคืช ืืืงืจ ืฉืื ืฉืื ืืืฉืืืช ืื ืืืชืงืฉืืืช ืื ืืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืฉืืจื ืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืืืืจืช ืืื ืืืช ืฉืขืจ ืืืกืืจื ืืืจืคืกืช ืืืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืขืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืืงืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื.",
|
127 |
+
"ืืคืืื ืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืฆืจืืช ืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืฉืขืจื ืืืื ืืช ืืขืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืจื ืืืชืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืคืชืืืื ืืชืืื ืืคืืื ืขืฉืจื ืืชืื ืื ืคืชืื ืืื ืืื ืคืชืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืคื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืคื ื ืื ืืืจื ืฉืขืจ ืืคืชืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืฆืจ ืืืื ืืืืืื.",
|
128 |
+
"ืืืช ืืืกื ืืืืช ืืืจืืฅ ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืกืงื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ื ืขืฉืืืื ืืืืจืช ืืืื ืกืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืกืคืื ื ืคืืืจืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ื ืขืฉืืืื ืืืืจืช ืงืืข ืฉืชื ืกืืืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืจืื ืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืืืฆืื ื ืคืืืจื ืื ืืืืืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืืขื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืืฉืืงืื ืคืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ื ืงืืืขืื ืืืืจื.",
|
129 |
+
"ืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืคืชืืื ืืจืื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืืฆืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืคืชื ืืคืชื ืคืชื ืงืื ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืช ืืคืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืืื ืขื ืฉืขืจ ืืืืจ ืืคื ืืื ืืขื ืฉืขืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืฆืื ืืขื ืฉืขืจ ืืืืช ืฉืืืื ืขืฉืืืื ืืืืจื ืืงืืืขืื.",
|
130 |
+
"ืคืชื ืฉืืื ืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืื ืืื ืืืช ืืื ืกืช ืืืืชื ืื ืจืืื ืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืืืืชื ืืคืชื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืคืชื ืฉืืื ืฉื ื ืืชืื ืืืืืื ืืืจ ืืฆืืจ ืฉื ืืืช ืืงืื ืฉืืฆืืจ ื ืจืื ืขืื ืฉื ืงืืืขืื ืืช ืืืืืื.",
|
131 |
+
"ืืืืื ืงืืืขืื ืืช ืืืืืื ืืชืื ืืื ืฉื ืคืชื ืืืคื ืืกืืื ืืืืฅ ืืชืืืช ืฉืืืฉ ืืขืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืฉืขืจ ืืื ืงืืขื ืืืขืื ืืื ืืฉืจื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืืงื ื ืื ืืืฉืงืืฃ ืืคื ืืฆืจืื ืืงืืืขื ืขื ืืืื ืื ืื ืก ืืืืช ืืื ืงืืขื ืืฉืืื ืคืกืืื ืืืืช ืฉื ืฉืืชืคืื ืืืื ืืืืืื.",
|
132 |
+
"ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืก ืืืฆื ืืคืืข ืืืืื ืืฉื ืฉืื ืฉื ืืงืืืฉ ื\"ื ืืืืืืจ ืืืืชื ืืืขืืจ ืืฉื ืชื ืืฉืืืืชืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืืข ืฉืืื ืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืขืืื ืืืขืืืื ืขืืืืื ืืื ืืืืขืช ืฆืืจ ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืขืชื ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืชืคืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืืจืืขื ืืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืคืชืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืืจื ืืฉ ืื ืืืืืจืื ืจืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืืื ืฉืืฆืืืื ืืืชื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืืืื ืื' ืกืืื ืืืจืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืจืื ืจืืื ื ืืกืืืขื."
|
133 |
+
],
|
134 |
+
[
|
135 |
+
"ืืฆืืช ืขืฉื ืขื ืื ืืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืืฉืจืื ืืืชืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืขืฆืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืขืชื ืืชืื ืืื ืืช ืืฉืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืชืื ืืื ืชืืจื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฉืืจื ืื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืืืชืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืข\"ืค ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืืชืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืฆืื ืืืชืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืงืืื ืืืจ ืกืื ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืืืข ืืืชืื ืืืจืื ืืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช ืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืืื.",
|
136 |
+
"ืืืืื ืืฆืื ืขืืื ืืืชืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืขืฆืื ืืฉื ืืืื ืืชืจ ืขื ืกืคืจ ืฉืืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืฉืืชื ืขื ืืกื ืืืืืชื ืืืชื ืื ืืื' ืืืืืืื ืืืชื ืืกืคืจ ืืขืืจื ืข\"ืค ืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืชื ืื ืฉื ืืชื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืื ืขืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืืืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืขืื ื ืื ืก ืืืื ืขืื ืืืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืขืื ืืืกื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืชื ืขืื ืืงืจื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื.",
|
137 |
+
"ืื ืืื ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืงืืื ืฉืืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืชืื ืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ืฉื ื ืกืคืจื ืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืืื ืขืื ืชืืื ืื ืืกืืจ ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืก ืืืืช ืืืจืืฅ ืื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืื ืืืฉื ืขื ืืืชื.",
|
138 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืชืื ืืื ืฉืจืืื ืื ืฉืืชืื ืืงืฆืชื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืคืกืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืงืืฃ ืืืืฆื ืืืชืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืชื ืืชืืื ืืชืืงื ืช ื ืื ืืืืชืจ ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืชืืื ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืืช ืงืื ื ืืืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืขืจื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืืชืืืช ืืื ืืืชืื ืืืฉืคืืืชืืื ืืืฉืคืืืชืืื ืืืฉืคืืืชืืื ืชืืชื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืื ืชืื ืฉืืื ืงืฆืจื ืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืืฃ ืืืืืจืช ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืฉืืืืืช ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืชื.",
|
139 |
+
"ืื ืืืขื ืืืชื ืืคื ื ืืจืืื ืฉืืื ืคืจืฉื ืืคืจืฉื ื ืืืื ื ืื ืชืืื ืืช ืืืฉ ืืืชืืืช ืื ืืืชืื ืฉืชืื ืืชืื ืืืฃ ืืฉืืฉ ืืืฅ ืืืฃ ืืื ืืืชื ืฉืืฉ ืืชืื ืืืฃ ืืฉืชืื ืืืฅ ืืืฃ ืื ื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืชืืืช ืื ืื ืืืงืื ืคื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืชืืืืช ืืฉืืื.",
|
140 |
+
"ื ืืืื ื ืื ืชืืื ืืช ืฉืชื ืืืชืืืช ืื ืืืจืงื ื ืืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืฉืืื ื ืืืื ื ืื ืืชืื ืืฉืืื ืชืืื ืืช ืขืฉืจ ืืืชืืืช ืื ืคืืืช ืื ืืชืจ ืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืชืื ืืช ืืืื ืืชืื ืืืฃ ืื ืืืื ืืืชืื ืืฆืื ืืชืื ืืืฃ ืืืฆืื ืืืฅ ืืืฃ ืืืชื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืงืื ืคื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืชืืืช ืืฉืืื.",
|
141 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืืฉ ืืจืืข ืฉืืืื ืคื ืืืืช ืืื ืืชืืื ืื ืคืืืช ืืื ืืชืจ ืืืชืืื ืืืืืฉ ืืชืืืช ืฉืืื ืืืืฉืืช ืืืฉืืืืืจ ืืช ืืชืืจื ืฆืจืื ืฉืืืืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืฉืืื ืฉืืกืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืื ื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืืฃ ืฉืืืื ืืจืื ืืงืฆืจ ืืขืืื ืืืชืืื ืืชืืืช ืืฉืืื ืฉืืกืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืชืืืื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืขืื ื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืฆืข ืฉืืื ืฉืืกืืฃ ืืืฃ.",
|
142 |
+
"ืืืืืจ ืืืืชืืืช ืืืืืืืช ืืืืืชืืืช ืืงืื ืืช ืืืืืชืืืช ืื ืงืืืืช ืืืืชืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืช ืืืื ืืคืื\"ื ืืืคืืคืืช ืืืืืชืืืช ืืขืงืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืขืชืืงื ืืกืืคืจืื ืืืฉ ืืคื ืืืฉ ืืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืฉ ืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืขืืื ืชื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืขืืื ืฉืืขื ืืื ืืชืืื ืืฆืืจืช ืืืื ื\"ื ืื ืืงืื ืืืื ืืฉืขืจื.",
|
143 |
+
"ืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืชืืงืื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืืงืืง ืืชืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืืชืืืช ืืชืืงืื ื ืื ืฉืงืจื ืืช ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืจืืืงื ืื ืืืจืืื ืื ืงืฆืจื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืงื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืื ืืคืกืื ืฆืืจืช ืืืช ืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืคืชืืืืช ืืกืชืืืืช ืืจื ืื ืกืคืจ ืืฉืจ.",
|
144 |
+
"ืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืืจืื ืฉืื ื ืืืจื ืืืืจื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืืคืจืื ืืงืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืคื ืืืฉ ืืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืื ืคืืืช ืืฉืื ื ืืืจืืขืื ืืื ืืชืจ ืขื ืฉืฉืื ืืฉืืืื ืืจืืื ืฉืืื ืคืจืฉื ืืคืจืฉื ืืื ืชืฉืข ืืืชืืืช ืืฉืจ ืืฉืจ ืืฉืจ ืืฉืืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉืืืื ืืืขืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืฉื ืืช ืืืฆืจืื ืืืฉ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืืจื ืืืฉ ืฉืืืื ืชืืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืื ืืชืงื ืืืจืื ืกืืก ืืืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉื ืืฉืืืื ืืืขืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืืืื ื ืืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืืจื ืืืืจืืช ืืืืขืืกื ืงืื ืฉืฉ ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืืืช ืืฉืจ.",
|
145 |
+
"ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืื ื ืื ืคืกื ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืื ืืกืจ ืื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืื ืฉืืื ืงืจื ืืืชื ืืงืจืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืืชื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืงืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืืืจืื ืืืงืื ืืืขืคืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืคืจืฉื ืคืชืืื ืกืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืฉืืจื ืืฉืืจ ืืืชื ืื ืฉืืชื ืคืจืฉื ืืืช ืืฉืืจื ืืจื ืื ืคืกืื ืืืื ืื ืงืืืฉืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืฉืืืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืืงืืช.",
|
146 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืฉืืืชื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืฉืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืงื ืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืฉืืฉ ืืขืืืช ืืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืชืงื ืืื ืืื ืืจืืข ืืื ื ืืื ืืื ืจืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืืฉ ืื ืืจืืข ืืขืืืช ืืื ืืฃ ืื ืฉืืจ ืืคืืื ืืฃ ืืื ืืืืชื ืืฉืืจ ืืืฉืืืฉ ืืื ืืจืืข ืืขืืืช ืืจื ืื ืืชืงื.",
|
147 |
+
"ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืืชื ืืืื ืืกืจ ืฉื ืืฆื ืชืืื ืืืืชืืืช ืฉืฉืื ืืื ื ืืฉืืืืช ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืกืจ ืืื ืืคืืื ืืฉ ืืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืื ืืขืืืช ืืจื ืื ืืชืงื ืืคื ื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ื ืชืืื.",
|
148 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืชืื ืืชืืจื ืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืืฉ ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืืืื ืืื ืงืืืฉืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืฉืืืื ืื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืืื ืืชืื ืืง ืืืชืืื ืื ืืื ืืขืชื ืืืฉืืื ืขืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืชืจ ืืชื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉ ืฉืืฉ ืชืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืช ืืืชืจ.",
|
149 |
+
"ืืืชืจ ืืืืง ืชืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืืชื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืืืฉ ืืจืืข ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืขืฉืจ ืฉืืฉ ืฉืืืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืชื ืืกืืืืจื ืฉื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืื:ืืืืฉืข ืฉืืคืืื ืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืืืืงืื ืืฉืขืื ืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ืืกืืจ ืืืชืืืื:ืจืืช ืืชืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืงืืืช ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืืจืื ืืงืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื.",
|
150 |
+
"ืื ืืชืื ืืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืฉืืจืืื ืืคืืื ืืชืื ืขื ืื ืืืจ ืืืืชืจ ืืืชืื ืฉืืฉ ืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืจืืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืื ืืกืืจ ืืจื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืชืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืื ืงืืืฉืชื ืืงืืืฉืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืืกืจ."
|
151 |
+
],
|
152 |
+
[
|
153 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืคืชืืื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืชื ืฆืืจืืช ืื ืืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืจ ืืฉืืื ืคื ืื ืืืชืืื ืืคืจืฉื ืฉืืื ืคืชืืื ืืชืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืื\"ื ืฉื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืฉืืื ืจืืื ืืฉืขืืจ ืชืฉืข ืืืชืืืช ืืื ืื ืื ื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืืขื ืื ืื ืืืจ ืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืชืืื ืืคืจืฉื ืืคืชืืื ืืชืืืช ืฉืืื ืืฉืืืฉืืช.",
|
154 |
+
"ืคืจืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืฉ ืื ืฉืืฉ ืฆืืจืืช ืื ืืืจ ืืืืฆืข ืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืจืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืชืืื ืืืชืื ืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืืชืืืช ืืคืจืฉื ืฉืืื ืกืชืืื ืขื ืฉืืืฆื ืืจืืื ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืื ื ืฉืืจ ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืืชืื ืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืชืืื ืืืช ืื ืื ืืื ืคื ืื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืจืืื ืืจืืฉ ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืชืื ืืคืจืฉื ืืกืชืืื ืืืืฆืข ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืกืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืืช ืฉืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืจืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืชืื ืืกืชืืื ืืืืฆืข ืืฉืืื ื ืืฆืืช ืืืืจ ืฉืคืจืฉื ืคืชืืื ืชืืืชื ืืชืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืืคืจืฉื ืกืชืืื ืชืืืชื ืืืืฆืข ืืฉืืื ืืขืืื.",
|
155 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืกืจ ืืคืฉืจ ืืชืงื ื ืืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืืจื ื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืจืืื ืืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืชื ืคืชืืื ืกืชืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืฉืืคืกืืง ืืื ืื ืคื ืื ืืืงืื ืฉืืื ืื ืคืจืฉื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืืจืื ืืื ืืคืกืืง ืืจืืื ืืืงืื ืืคืจืฉื ืื ืฉืฉืื ื ืฆืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืจื ืื ืคืกืื ืืืื ืื ืชืงื ื ืืื ืืกืืง ืืช ืื ืืืฃ ืฉืืขื ืื.",
|
156 |
+
"ืืืคื ืฉืจืืืชื ืฉืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืกืคืจืื ืฉืจืืืชื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืืกืืจืช ืฉืืืชืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืืืืข ืืคืชืืืืช ืืืกืชืืืืช ื ืืืงืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืืืงืช ืืกืคืจืื ืฉืกืืืืื ืขืืืื ืจืืืชื ืืืชืื ืื ื ืื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืชืืจื ืืกืชืืืืช ืืืคืชืืืืช ืืฆืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืืชืงื ืขืืืื ืื ืืกืคืจืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืกืคืจ ืฉืกืืื ื ืขืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืืืข ืืืฆืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืจืืขื ืืขืฉืจืื ืกืคืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืกืคืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืกืืืืื ืืคื ืฉืืืืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืืงืืง ืื ืฉื ืื ืืจืื ืืืืืื ืคืขืืื ืจืืืช ืืื ืฉืืขืชืืงื ืืขืืื ืกืืืชื ืืกืคืจ ืืชืืจื ืฉืืชืืชื ืืืืืชื:ืกืคืจ ืืจืืฉืืช:ืืื ืจืงืืข ืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืฉืจืฆื ืืืื ืชืืฆื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืื ืืื ืชืืืืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช ืื ืืืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืืืืื ืคืชืืื ืืืืื ืืืข ืื ืกืคืจ ืืืื ืฉืช ืืืื ืื ืืฉ ืืืื ืงืื ื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืจื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืชืืฉืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืืช ืขืฉืจื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืจื ืื' ืืื ืชืืืืช ื ื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ื ื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืื ืื ื ื ื ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืื ื ื ื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืคื ืืืช ืืื ืชืืืืช ืฉื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืจืคืืฉื ืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืคืื ืืืื ืจืขื ืืืื ืฉืจืื ืืืื ื ืืืจ ืืืื ืชืจื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืฉืืื ื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืจืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจืคื ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจื ืืฉืช ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืจืืขืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืจื ืืืื ืคืชืืื ืืืกืข ืืฉื ืืื' ืคืงื ืืช ืฉืจื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืขืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืจื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืงื ืกืชืืื ืืืกืฃ ืืืจืื ืืืื ืชืืืช ืืฉืืขืื ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืฆืืง ืืืื ืจืขื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืื ืขืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืงื ืืฆืืง ืืืฆื ืืขืงื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืขืงื ืคืชืืื ืืืื ืืขืงื ืืชืฆื ืืื ื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืขืงื ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืขืฉื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืื ื ืฉืขืืจ ืกืชืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉื ืืขืงื ืืืื ืืขืช ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืืืจื ืืฆืจืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืงืฅ ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช:ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืช ืืืช ืืืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืืงืจื ืืขืงื ืฉืืขืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ ืื ืื ืืืฉืจ ื ืคืชืื ืื ืคืจืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืื ืืคืชืืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืืืจืืขืื ืืืกืชืืืืช ืฉืืื ื ืืืจืืขืื ืืื ืชืฉืขืื ืืืืช:ืกืคืจ ืืืื ืฉืืืช:ืืืงื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืฉื ืืื ืจืขื ืกืชืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืจืืฉื ืืืช ืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืจืื ื ืชืชืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืื ืคืจืขื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืื ืคืชืืื (ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ื ืื ืืช ืืื) ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ื ืื ืืช ืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืืืงืจ (ืฉืืฉืชื) ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืื ืื ืคืจืขื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืื ืื ืคืจืขื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ื ืื ืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืฉื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืฉื ืขืื ื ืืข ืืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืงืจื ืืฉื ืคืชืืื ืืืื ืืืฆื ืืืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืกืขื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืขืฆื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื' ืงืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืฉืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืืื' ืืืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืื ืชืฆืขืง ืืืืืจ ืื' ื ืื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉื ืืชืงื ืืจืื ืืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช:ืืืกืข ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืื ื ื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืกืขื ืื ืขืืช ืืืื ืขืืืง ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืชื ืืืฉืืข ืืชืจื ืืืืฉ ืืฉืืืฉื ืืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืจืื ืื ืื ืื ืชืฉื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืจ ืคืชืืื ืืื ืื ืชืจืฆื ืื ืชื ืืฃ ืื ืชืื ื ืื ืชืขื ื ืื ืชืืื [ืื ืชืืืื] ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื (ืฉืฉ) ืืื ืืขื ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืคืืื ืคืชืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืงืื ืืืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืื ืฆื ืื ืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉ ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืขืฉืจ ืืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืคืชืืื ืืื ืืคืชื ืืื ืืืฃ ืื ืืื ื ืืืฉ ืื ืืืขืจ ืืืฉ ืื ืชืฆื ืืฉ ืื ืืชื ืื ืืชื ืืืฉ ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืข ืืื ืืฉืื ืคืชืืื ืืื ืืคืชื ืืืฉืคื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืื ืืกืฃ ืคืชืืื ืืืืื ืื ืชืงืื ืื ืชืฉื ืื ืชืคืืข ืื ืชืจืื ืื ืชืื ืืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืื ื ืื ืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืชืืื ืืฉืืื ืกืชืืื ืืื ืืฉื ืืืจ ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืคืชืืื ืืขืฉื ืืจืื ืกืชืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืฉืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืื ืจืช ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืช ืืืฉืื ืกืชืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืงืจืฉืื ืคืชืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืคืจืืช ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืฆืจ ืืืฉืื ืืืชื ืชืฆืื ืืืชื ืืงืจื ืืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืขืฉื ืืช ืืืคื ืคืชืืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืฉืืฆืช ืืขืฉืืช ืืฉื ืืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืขืื ืืขืฉืืช ืฆืืฅ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืจ ืชืขืฉื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ:ืืขืฉืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืชืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืฉืืช ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืฉืืื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืงื ืื ืกืืื ืืืืืจ ืืจืื ืงืจืืชื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืคืชืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืจื ืืืคื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืขืื ืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืคืกื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืชื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืงืื ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืืืขืฉ ืืจืืขืช ืคืชืืื ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืงืจืฉืื ืกืชืืื ืืืขืฉ ืืฆืืื ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืื ืจื ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืืื ืืงืืจืช ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืืื ืืขืื ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืืฆืจ ืืื ืคืงืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืืคื ืคืชืืื ืืืขืฉื ืืช ืืื ื ืกืชืืื ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืืฉื ืืืขืฉ ืืช ืืขืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืขืฉื ืืช ืืืชื ืช ืฉืฉ ืืืขืฉื ืืช ืฆืืฅ ืืชืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืช ืืืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืจืืฉืื ืืืงื ืืืชื ืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืื ืจื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืกื ืืืฉื ืืช ืืืืจ ืืืงื ืืช ืืืฆืจ ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืก ืืขื ื ืคืชืืื ืื ืื ืืคืชืืืืช ืชืฉืข ืืฉืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืกืชืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืชืฉืขืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืฉืื ืืืจืืข ืคืจืฉืืืช:ืกืคืจ ืืืงืจื:ืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืกืชืืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืฃ ืคืชืืื ืื ืคืฉ ืื ืชืงืจืื ืืื ืชืงืจื ืืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืืืืช ืืื ืื ืืช ืืจืืฉืช ืืื ืชืงืจืื ืืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืฆืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืขืืช ืืฉืจ ื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืคืฉ ืืื ืืืฉ ืื ืคืฉ ืื ืชืืื ืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืชืฉืข ืืื ืื ืชืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ื ืคืฉ ืืืืืจ ืื ืคืฉ ืืืืืจ ืื' ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืช ืชืืจืช ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืืฉื ืืืืช ืชืืจืช ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืงื ืืช ืืืจื ืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืฉื ืื ืชืืจืืข ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืข ืฆืจืขืช ืืืฉืจ ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืื ืืฉืจ ืกืชืืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉื ืคืชืืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืขืืจ ืืฉืจื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืืจื ืจืืฉื ืืืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืช ืชืืื ืคืชืืื ืืื ืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืฉ ืื ืชืฆื ืกืชืืื ืืืฉื ืื ืชืืื ืคืชืืื ืืืฉื ืื ืืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืืฉ ืขืจืืช ืืืื ืขืจืืช ืืฉืช ืืืื ืขืจืืช ืืืืชื ืขืจืืช ืืช ืื ื ืขืจืืช ืืช ืืฉืช ืขืจืืช ืืืืช ืืืื ืขืจืืช ืืืืช ืืื ืขืจืืช ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืืช ืืืชื ืขืจืืช ืืฉืช ืืืื ืขืจืืช ืืฉื ืืืชื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืชืื ืขืฉืจื:ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืขืืช ืืื ืชืืื ืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืืจ ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืฉืจ ืืชื ืืืจืขื ืืืืืจ ื' ืื ืืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืื ืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืจ ืื ืืฉื ืื ืขื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืขืื ื' ืืืืืจ ืืื ืชืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืกืคืจืชื ืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืฉ ืืฉืืืขื ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืขืฉืืจ ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืฉื ืขืฉืจ ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฆื ืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืงืืช ืกืืช ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืฆื ืื ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฆื ืืช ืืืงืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืกืื ื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืกืคืจืช ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืชืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ ืื ืืืงืชื ืืื ืื ืชืฉืืขื ืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉ ืื ืืคืื ืคืชืืื ืืื ืืืื ืกืชืืื ืื ืื ืืคืชืืืืช ืฉืชืื ืืืืฉืื ืืืกืชืืืืช ืฉืฉ ืืืจืืขืื ืืื ืชืฉืขืื ืืฉืื ื:ืกืคืจ ืืืืืจ ืกืื ื:ืื ื ืจืืืื ืกืชืืื ืืื ื ืฉืืขืื ืืื ื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืกืฃ ืืื ื ืื ืฉื ืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืืื ื ืืฉืจ ืื ื ื ืคืชืื ืืื ืืคืงืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉ ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืข ืขืฉืจื ืืื ืืื ื ืจืืืื ืื ืกืข ืืื ืืื ืืื ื ืืคืจืื ืืื ืืื ื ืื ืืจืืขืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืคืงืืื ืืืื ืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืงืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืืคืงื ืืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืงืืช ืืืืืจ ืืคืงื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืงื ืืืืืจ ืื ืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืชืืจืืชื ืืืืืจ ืื ืฉื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืื ื ืืจืจื ืืคืงืืื ืื ื ืืจืฉืื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืฆื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืขืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉ ืื ืชืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืฉ ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืคืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืืจื ืืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืืจ ืืฉื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืงืจืื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืืื ืืฉืืืฉื ืืืื ืืจืืืขื ืืืื ืืืืืฉื ืืืื ืืฉืฉื ืืืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืืชืฉืืขื ืืืื ืืขืฉืืจื ืืืื ืขืฉืชื ืขืฉืจ ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืื ืขืฉืจ ืืื ืืืช ืื ืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืขืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืงื ืืช ืืืืื ืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืข ืขืฉืจื ืืืืืจ ืืืืช ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืขืฉื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืื ืืงืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืขืฉื ืื ืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืฉื ืืช ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืกืข ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืขื ืืืชืื ื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืกืคื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืื' ืชืงืฆืจ ืืชืืืจ ืืจืื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช:ืืืืืจ ืื' ืคืชืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืขื ืื ื ืื ืืฆื ื ืืืืืจ ืืขื ืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ ืืื ืชืฉืื ืืื ื ืคืฉ ืืืช ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืช ืืืืช ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืฉื ืืื ืืืงื ืงืจื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืืืขืืจ ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืื ื ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืงื ืืืชื ืืืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืืืืจื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืืจื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืืจื ืคืชืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืช ืืงืช ืืืืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืงื ืืช ืืืื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืขื ืื ืืืื ืชื ืืืฉืื ืืฉื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืกืขื ืืงืืฉ ืคืชืืื ืืืฉืืข ืืื ืขื ื ืกืชืืื ืืืกืขื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืคืชืืื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืกืชืืื ืืืฉืื ืืฉืจืื ืคืชืืื ืืืจื ืืืง ืกืชืืื ืืืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืคืื ืืก ืืืืืจ ืืฆืจืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื' ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืื ื ืฉืืขืื ืื ื ืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืฉืฉืืจ ืื ื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืื ื ืืคืจืื ืื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ื ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจ ืื ื ื ืคืชืื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืช ืขืฉืจื:ืืืืืจ ืื' ืคืชืืื ืืืื ืคืงืืื ืืืื ืืชืงืจืื ื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืช ืฆืืคืื ืืืืืจ ืืขืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฆื ืืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืจืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืฉ ืืฉืืืขื ืคืชืืื ืืืขืฉืืจ ืืืืืฉื ืขืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืฉื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืจืืืขื ืืืืื ืืืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืฉื ืืืืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืชืฉืข ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืฆืื ืืฉื ืืืืขืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืขืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืงื ื ืจื ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจื ืื ืืฆืื ื ืืืืฉื ืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืฉื ืืื ืืกืขื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืฉืืข ืืื ืขื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืฆื ืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืืช ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืขืจืืช ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืงืจืื ืจืืฉื ืืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืื ืื ืืคืชืืืืช ืฉืชืื ืืชืฉืขืื ืืืกืชืืืืช ืฉืฉืื ืืฉืฉ ืืื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ื:ืกืคืจ ืืื ืืืืจืื:ืืืืืจ ืื' ื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืื ืคื ืื ืขืืจ ืืืืืจ ืื' ืืืืืจ ืื' ืืื ืจืื ืืืชืื ื ืืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืขืชื ืืฉืจืื ืื ืชืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืงืจื ืืฉื ืืจืืขืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืื ืื ืื ืชืฉื ืฉืืืจ ืืื ืื ืชืจืฆื ืืื ืชื ืืฃ ืืื ืชืื ื ืืื ืชืขื ื ืืื ืชืืื ืืื ืชืชืืื ืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืช ืขืฉืจื ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืคืชืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืชื ืกื ืื ืืฉืืื ืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืืจืืขืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืื ืขืงื ืคืชืืื ืื ืชืืืจ ืกืชืืื ืื ืืืฆืื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ืชืฉืื ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืืขืช ืืืื ืืขืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืื ืื ืฉืืข ืื ืื ืฉืืจ ืชืฉืืจืื ืจืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืจืืื ืื ืืืจืืช ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืข ืื ืืงืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืืกืืชื ืื ืชืฉืืข ืื ืื ืืชื ืื ืชืืื ืืช ืื ืชืืืื ืื ืฆืคืืจ ืืืจื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ ืขืฉืจ ืชืขืฉืจ ืคืชืืื ืืงืฆื ืฉืืฉ ืฉื ืื ืืงืฅ ืฉืืข ืฉื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืจืืขืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืจ ืืช ืืืฉ ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืฉืืขื ืฉืืขืช ืกืชืืื ืื ืืกืืช ืคืชืืื ืฉืคืืื ืืฉืืจืื ืื ืชืืข ืื ืื ืชืืื ืื ืืืฆื ืืงืจืื ืืจืืขืชื ืกืชืืืืช:ืื ืืคืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืชื ืื ืื ืืืจืืช ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืคืชืืื ืื ืชืกืื ืื ืืงืื ืขื ืื ืชืฆื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืงืจื ืื ืขืืจ ืื ืชืฆืืจ ืื ืขืืจ ืืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืื ืืืฆื ืืื ืคืชืืื ืื ืชืฆื ืืืืืื ืื ืชืืืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืชืจืื ืืช ืฉืืจ ืื ืชืจืื ืืช ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืข ืื ืืงืจื ืคืชืืื ืื ืชืื ื ืื ืชืืจืฉ ืืืืื ืื ืืงื ืืืฉ ืืฉื ืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฆื ืืืฉ ืื ืืืื ื ืขืจื ืืชืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืืฆื ืื ืืืฆื ืื ืืงื ืืืฉ ืื ืืื ืคืฆืืข ืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืขืืื ื ืื ืชืชืขื ืืืื ืื ืชืฆื ืืื ื ืื ืชืกืืืจ ืื ืชืืื ืงืืฉื ืื ืชืฉืื ืื ืชืืจ ื ืืจ ืื ืชืื ืืืจื ืื ืชืื ืืงืืช ืื ืืงื ืืืฉ ืืฉื ืื ืืงื ืืืฉ ืืฉื ืืืฉื ืื ืืืฆื ืืฉืืจ ืื ืืข ืืฆืจืขืช ืื ืชืฉื ืืจืขื ืื ืชืขืฉืง ืฉืืืจ ืขื ื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืืช ืื ืชืื ืื ืชืงืฆืจ ืื ืชืืื ืื ืืืื ืจืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืฆื ืื ืฉืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืกื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืฉ ืืฉืืฉืื:ืืืืจ ืืช ืืฉืจ ืขืฉื ืืืื ืื ืชืืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืื ืชืืื ืืขืฉืจ ืืืื ืืื ืฉืชืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืฆื ืืฉื ืืืงื ื ืืฉืจืื ืคืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉื ืืืฆื ืืฉื ืืช ืืขื ืืจืืจ ืืืืฉ ืืจืืจ ืืงืื ืืจืืจ ืืกืื ืืจืืจ ืืฉืื ืืจืืจ ืืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืื ืขื ืื ืืืื ืืจืืจ ืฉืื ืขื ืืืชื ืืจืืจ ืฉืื ืขื ืืชื ืชื ืืจืืจ ืืื ืืจืืจ ืืงื ืฉืื ืืจืืจ ืืฉืจ ืื ืืงืื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืฉ ืขืฉืจื ืืืื ืื ืฉืืืข ืืืื ืื ืื ืชืฉืืข ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืจื ืืืจืืช ืกืชืืื ืืืงืจื ืืฉื ืืชื ื ืฆืืื ืฉืชืืื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืฆืื ืจืื ื ืชืชื ืฉืืฉืชื ืกืชืืืืช ืืืื ืืฉื ืคืชืืื ืืืงืจื ืืฉื ืกืชืืื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืฉื ืืืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉื ืืขืฆื ืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืืฉืชื ืคืชืืืืช ืืืืช ืืืืืื ืกืชืืื ืืืืื ืคืชืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืกืฃ ืืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉืจ ืืืขื ืืฉื ืืืื ืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืฉืืข:ืื ืื ืืคืชืืืืช ืฉื ืกืคืจ ืื ืฉืืฉืื ืืืจืืข ืืืกืชืืืืช ืืื ืืขืฉืจืื ืืืจืืข ืืื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ื ืื ืื ืืคืชืืืืช ืฉื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืชืื ืืชืฉืขืื ืืื ืื ืืกืชืืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืืืืช ืืฉืืขืื ืืชืฉืข ืืื ืฉืฉ ืืืืช ืืฉืฉืื ืืชืฉืข:ืฆืืจืช ืฉืืจืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืืฉ ืืืืฆืข ืจืืื ืืื ืืฆืืจืช ืืคืจืฉื ืืกืชืืื ืื ืืฆื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืืงื ืืฉืชืื ืืืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืขืื ืฉืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืืชืืืืช ืฉืืจืืฉ ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื:ืืืืื ื ืืขืจืฃ ืืฉืขืืจื ืื ืืฆืืจ ืื ืฉืืช ืืืื' ืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืฆืืื ืืกืืื ืื ืื ืฉืจ ืืคืจืฉ ืื' ืืจืืืื ืืื ืงืื ืืืืช ืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืช ืืื ืื ืืชืืขืืช ืืืืื ืื ืืชืฉืื ืืืขืก ืืจืื ืื ืื ืืขืกืื ื ืืืื ืืชืืงื ืืชืืื ืืฆื ืืงืื ืขื ืืืืืจืื ืืื ืง ืืฉืืืชื ืคื ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืฉื ืื ืืื' ืืืืืื ื ืืืฉืืืช ืืฉืืืช ืืจืืฉ ืืชื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืืขืช ืืืฉ ืืขื ืืืคืก ืฆืืจ ืืฉืชื ืืื ืืืื ืืืฆืชื ืื ืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืื ืืจื ืื ื ืื ืงื ืื ืืื ืืชืืืืช ืฉืืจืืฉ ืืืื ืื ืืชืืืืช ืฉืืจืืฉ ืื ืืฆื ืฉืืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืื ืืืืฆืข ืืืฃ:ืืชืฉืืข ืชืื ืืืจืืืืื ืืื ืื ืฆืืืง ืืืจ ืขื ืืื ืืื ื ืืงื ืื ืืืคืจืืื ืืืกืคืจ ืืขืงื ืืืชืื ืืฆืจื ืื ืขื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืื ืขื ืขื ืืืฉืื ืืืืฉ ืืงื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืฆืืจ ืืืจื ืืืืืจ ืื ืื ืืื ื ืื ืืชืืื ืืกืคื ืืื ืืฉื ืืืืฅ ืื ืืืจืชื ืืืื ืคื ืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืงืืื ืจืื ืื ื ืืืื ืืืืจืชื ืืชืืื ืืืืฉื ืื ืืืจืื ืืจืืฉ ืื ืืืคืจ:ืฉืืจืช ืืื ืืืชืืื ืืืชื ืืฉืืฉืื ืฉืืืืช ืฉืืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืืืืช ืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืืืฆืขื ืจืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืื ืืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉื ื ืืงืืืืช ืืืืฆืขื ืขื ืฉืชืืฆื ืืฉืืื ืืืืงื ืืฉืืฉ ืื ืืฆื ืจืืื ืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืชื ืื ืื ืืจืืื:ืืื ืืื ืฆืืจืชื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืชื ืืชืืืื ืฉืชืืื ืืืช ืกืืืื ืืืืจืชื ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืชืืืง ืื ืืื ืชืชืจืืง ืืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืชืชืจืื ืืชืืื ืืฉืชื ืชืืืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืืืื ืืฉืขืจื ืืื ืืจืืืง ืืืช ืืืืช ืืื ืฉืชืจืื ืืชืืื ืืฉืชื ืชืืืืช ืืชืื ืืง ืฉืืื ื ืจืืื ืืจื ืื ืคืกืื ืขื ืฉืืชืงื."
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157 |
+
],
|
158 |
+
[
|
159 |
+
"ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืื ืืจืื ืืืชืจ ืขื ืืืงืคื ืืื ืืืงืคื ืืชืจ ืขื ืืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืฉื ืืคืืื ืฉืื ืืจืืข ืืขืฉืจืื ืืฆืืขืืช ืืจืืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืืงืืฃ ืื ืคืืืช ืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืืืงืคื ืืื ืื ืขืฉื ืืืืื ืคืืืช ืืฉืฉื ืืคืืื ืืืืขื ืืช ืืืชื ืื ืืชืจ ืขื ืฉืฉื ืืืจืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืืื ืืจืื ืืืืงืคื ืืจื ืื ืืืฆืื.",
|
160 |
+
"ืฉืืขืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืฆืืขืืช ืืืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืฆืืขืืช ืืืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืฉืชื ืืฆืืขืืช ืืคืืื ืฆืจืื ืฉืื ืื ืืชืืืช ืื ืืจืืขื ืืืกืืคื ืจืืื ืืฆืืข ืืืช ืืืื ืชืคืืจื ืฉื ืืฆื ืืฉืืชืคืืจ ืืืจืืขื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืื ืฉืชื ืืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืจ ืืชืืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืืกืืคื ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืฉืืขืืจืื ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืืกืจ ืื ืืืชืืจ ืื ืคืกื.",
|
161 |
+
"ืืืฆื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืกืคืจ ืฉืืืื ืืจืื ืืืืงืคื ืืชืืื ืืืจืืข ืืขืืจืืช ืืฉืื ืืขืืฉื ืจืืื ืื ืขืืจ ืืื ืฉืฉื ืืคืืื ืงืฆื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืขืืจืืช ืืฉืื ืืขืืฉื ืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืืง ืืคื ืืคื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืขืืจืืช ืืืืืง ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืืืงืฃ ืืืจื ืฉืฉื ืืคืืื ืฉืืื ืจืืื ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืฉื ื ืฉืืงืืคื ืขื ืืืจื.",
|
162 |
+
"ืืื\"ื ืืขืฉื ืงื ื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืจืื ืืจืืขืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืืฆืืขืืช ืืืืืง ืืฆืืข ืืื ืืงื ื ืืฉื ืื ืืืฉืืฉื ืืืืจืืขื ืืืงืื ืืื ืฉืืืข ืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืฆื ืืฆืืข ืืจืืืข ืืฆืืข ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืืืืง ืืืืืื ืื ืขืืจ ืืงื ื ืื ืขื ืฉืืืข ืืื ืืฆืืขืืช ืืฉ ืืื ืขืืจ ืขื ืฉืืืข ืืื ืืฆืืขืืช ืืืจื ืื ืืืจื.",
|
163 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืื ืืืงื ืขืืจืืช ืืืจืืช ืฉื ืื ืื ืฉืืฉื ืืืืืง ืืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืืชื ืืืืชื ืืื ืืฃ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืข ืฉืืืจื ืืืฃ ืฉืืข ืขืฉืจื ืืฆืืขืืช ืืคื ืฉืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืืืื ืืจืืข ืืื ืจืืื ืืืฃ ืืื ืืคื ืืืชื ืื ืืงื ืื ืขืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืืืช ืฉืืืฃ ืืืื ืืคื ืืืชื ืืคื ืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื.",
|
164 |
+
"ืืืืจ ืฉืืชื ืืืฃ ืฉืืืืง ืื ืืคื ืื ืฉืืจืฆื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืฃ ืืืฆืืขืืช ืืงื ื ืืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืจืืื ืืืฃ ืฉืชื ืืฆืืขืืช ืฉืืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืคืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืืืืชื ืืืชื ืฉืืืง ืื ืืืืข ืืฉืืื ืืืคืื ืืืจืื ืืื ื ืืชื ืืืฃ ืื ืฉืืืง ืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืื ืืืฉืขืจ ืืคื ืืกืคืจ ืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืื ื ืืืืฉื ืื ืขืืชื ืื ืื ืืชืืจื ืืคื ืื ืื ืืืคืื ืืื ืืืชื ืฉืืืชื ืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืืืคืื ืืืชืจ ืื ืืชืืจื ืืจืืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืชืืขื ืื ืื ืืืคืื ืืืืืืง ืืืฃ ืืืจ ืืื ืืืฆืื ืืืฉืืื ืฉืืชืืจื ืืชืจ ืื ืืืคืื ืืืขื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืืคืื ืืืืืืง ืืืฃ ืืืจ ืืฃ ืขื ืฉ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืข ืจืืื ืืืฃ ืืฉืืขืืจ ืืืชื ืืชืืื ืืืืชื ืืืจื.",
|
165 |
+
"ืืืืืง ืื ืขืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืคืื ืืคืื ืืฉืืจืืื ืืคื ืจืืื ืืืฃ ืฉืืืง ืื ืืขืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืฉืืฉืืจ ืืขืืจ ืฉืืฉ ืืฆืืขืืช ืื ืืจืืข ืืืชืจ ืขื ืืืฃ ืืืืจืื ื ืฉืืืจืืขื ืื ืื ืืื ื ืจืืื ืืฆืืข ืืืื ืชืคืืจื ืืืงืืฅ ืืฉืืจ ืืื ืืืืฉ ืฉืืืืจืื ื ืืชืืกืฃ ืขืืจืืช ืืืจืืช ืขื ืืืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืื ืื ืืชืืกืคืืช ืฉืงืืฆืฅ ืืื ืขืืจ ืืขืืจ ืืืื ื ืฆืจืื ืืืฉื ืืืจ ืื ืฉืืืชื ืืืฉืื ืืคื ืื ืื ืืืคืื.",
|
166 |
+
"ืืื ืืจืืฆื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชืจ ืืฉืฉื ืื ืคืืืช ืืฉืฉื ืขื ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืฆื ืืจืื ืืืืงืคื ืืื ืคืืืช ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืขื ืืืฉืืื.",
|
167 |
+
"ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืฉืืขืืจืื ืืืื ืืืฉืืจ ืฉืืขืืจื ืชืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืฆืืข ืืืื ืื ื ืืืืจ ืืงืืงื ื ืืฉืืขืืจื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืจืื ืฉืืข ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืืช ืื ืืฆื ืื ืืืืืง ืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืชื ืฉืขืืจืืช ืืจืืื ืืื ืืคื ืืืืืจ ืื\"ื ืืื ืืจืืข ืืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืฉื ืืคืืื.",
|
168 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืชืืชื ืื ื ืจืืื ืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืืคืื ืืจืืข ืืฆืืขืืช ืืฉืืจืช ืืื ืืฉืืจืช ืืืืื ื ืจืืื ืื ืืฃ ืืฉืชืืื ืฉืฉ ืืฆืืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืื ืฉืืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืืช ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืื ืืืคืื ืฉื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืชืื ืืฉืฉื ืืขืฉืจืื ืืฃ ืืืืจื ืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืฃ ืืฉืืฉ ืืืืช ืืฉืฉืื ืืฉืฉ ืืฆืืขืืช ืืงืืจืื.",
|
169 |
+
"ืืื ืืฉืฉ ืืฆืืขืืช ืืืชืจืืช ืืืฉืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืชืืืช ืืกืคืจ ืืกืืคื ืืืขืืจืืช ืฉืืชืื ื ืืื ืขืืจืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืฉืชืจืฆื ืืืชืื ืขื ืคื ืืืืืช ืืืื ืื ืงืจืื ืืื ืืขื ืื ืืกืจ ืืฃ ืืื ืื ืฉื ืื ืื ืฉืืฉื ืื ืืชืจ ืืฃ ืื ืฉื ืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืชืืืข ืืื ืชืื ืฆืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืืงืคื.",
|
170 |
+
"ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืจืืขื ืคืืืช ืืฉืืฉื ืืคืื ืืื ืืชืจ ืขื ืฉืื ื ืืคืื ื ืืืื ื ืื ืืจืืขื ืืช ืชืฉืขื ืืคืื ืืืืง ืืืชื ืืจืืขื ืืืื ืืืืฉื ืืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืชืืืช ืืกืคืจ ืื ืืืืฆืข ืืื ืืกืืฃ ืืกืคืจ ืืคืืื ืคืกืืง ืืื ืืืฃ ืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืฃ ืืืื ืืชืืคืจืื ืืืชื ืขื ืฉืืจ ืืืจืืขืืช.",
|
171 |
+
"ืืืฉืชืืคืจืื ืืืจืืขืืช ืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืคืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืืืจืืคืืช ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืฉืชืืคืจืื ืืช ืืชืคืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืกืื ื ืืคืืื ืื ืชืคืจื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืคืกืื ืขื ืฉืืชืืจื ืืืืืืจ ืืืชืคืืจ ืืืืื.",
|
172 |
+
"ืืฉืชืืคืจืื ืื ืืืจืืขืืช ืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืื ืืืจืืขื ืืืื ืืชืืืชื ืืขื ืกืืคื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืขืื ืืืขื ืืืืื ืืื ืชืคืืจื ืืื ืฉืื ืชืงืจืข ืืืจืืขื ืืืืฆืขื ืืฉืืืืื ืืืชื ืืขืืฉื ืื ืฉื ื ืขืืืืื ืฉื ืขืฅ ืืื ืืชืืืชื ืืืื ืืกืืคื ืืชืืคืจ ืืขืืจ ืฉืฉืืืจ ืืชืืืชื ืืืกืืฃ ืขื ืืขืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ื ืืื ืขืืืื ืืืจืืืง ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืืืชื ืฉืืืฃ.",
|
173 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉื ืงืจืขื ืื ืืจืืขื ืืชืื ืฉืชื ืฉืืืืช ืืชืคืืจ ืืชืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืืชืคืืจ ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉื ืฉืืื ืขืคืฆื ื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืืื ืฉืืื ืขืคืืฅ ืชืืคืจ ืืืคืืื ืงืจืข ืืื ืืชืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืฃ ืืืฃ ืืืื ืชืืื ืืชืืื ืืชืคืืจ ืืื ืืงืจืขืื ืืื ืชืืคืจืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืชืืคืจืื ืืื ืืืจืืขืืช ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืงืจืขืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืชืืกืจ ืืืช ืืืช ืื ืชืฉืชื ื ืฆืืจืชื."
|
174 |
+
],
|
175 |
+
[
|
176 |
+
"ื ืืฆืืช ืืื ืฉืขืฉืจืื ืืืจืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืคืืกื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืจื ืืื ืืืืืฉ ืื ืืืืืฉืื ืฉืืืืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืงืืช ืืืื ืื ืงืืืฉืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืื ืงืืจืื ืื ืืจืืื ืืืื ืื:(ื) ืื ื ืืชื ืขื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืื(ื) ืฉื ืืชื ืขื ืขืืจ ืืืื ืืืืจื ืฉืืื ื ืืขืืื(ื) ืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืฉืื ืืฉื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื(ื) ืฉื ืืชื ืฉืื ืืืงืื ืืชืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืจ ืืขื ืืงืืฃ ืืืงืื ืฉืืขืจ(ื) ืฉื ืืชื ืืงืฆืชื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืขื ืืงืืฃ(ื) ืฉื ืืชื ืขื ืืืืกืืกืืืก(ื) ืฉื ืืชื ืืื ืฉืืจืืื(ื) ืฉื ืืชื ืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืขืืื(ื) ืฉื ืืชื ืืฉืืจ ืืฉืื ืืช(ื) ืฉืืชืื ืืคืืงืืจืืก ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืืืฆื ืื ืืฉืืจ ืคืกืืืื(ืื) ืฉืืชื ืืืืืจืืช ืืื ืืืื ื(ืื) ืฉืืกืจ ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช(ืื) ืฉืืืกืืฃ ืืคืืื ืืืช ืืืช(ืื) ืฉื ืืขื ืืืช ืืืืช(ืื) ืฉื ืคืกืื ืฆืืจืช ืืืช ืืืช ืขื ืฉืื ืชืงืจื ืื ืขืืงืจ ืื ืชืืื ืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืื ืืขืืงืจ ืืืชืืื ืืื ืื ืงื ืืื ืืงืจืข ืืื ืืืฉืืืฉ(ืื) ืฉืืจืืืง ืื ืฉืืงืจืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืืช ืขื ืฉืชืจืื ืืชืืื ืืฉืชื ืชืืืืช ืื ืฉืชื ืชืืืืช ืืชืืื ืืืช(ืื) ืฉืฉืื ื ืฆืืจืช ืืคืจืฉืืืช(ืื) ืฉืฉืื ื ืฆืืจืช ืืฉืืจืืช(ืื) ืฉืืชื ืืฉืืจ ืืืชื ืืฉืืจื(ื) ืฉืชืคืจ ืืืจืืขืืช ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืฉืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืืฆืื ืื ืืขืื.",
|
177 |
+
"ืก\"ืช ืืฉืจ ื ืืืืื ืื ืงืืืฉื ืืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืื ืืืืืจ ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืคืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืคืืื ืืื ืื ืกืคืจืื ืจืืื ืืืคืืื ืืฉ ืืืงื ืื ืืืฉ ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืฉื ื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืืื ืชืืจื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืฉื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืจ ืืืืืจ.",
|
178 |
+
"ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืฉืืื ืื ืฉื ืคืกื ื ืืชื ืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืจืฉ ืืงืืืจืื ืืืชื ืืฆื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืืืคืืืช ืกืคืจืื ืฉืืื ืขืืฉืื ืืืชื ืชืืจืืืื ืืืช ืืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืชื.",
|
179 |
+
"ืชืืง ืฉืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืืคืืืช ืืืืจืื ืืืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืฃ ืขื ืคื ืฉืืกืคืจ ืืชืื ืืชืืง ืืื ืืืกื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืื ืขืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืื ื ืขืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืชืฉืืืฉื ืงืืืฉื ืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืจืงื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืื ืืฉืืฉืืจื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืฉืขืืื ืขืืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืืืืืืืช ืฉืืืชืืื ืืื ืืชืื ืืง ืืืชืืื ืืื ืืื ืงืืืฉื ืืื ืจืืื ื ืืกืฃ ืืืื ืืืืืฆื ืืื ืฉืขืืฉืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืื ืื ืชืฉืืืฉื ืงืืืฉื ืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืืฆืืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืืจ ืืืชื ืืงื ืืช ืืืืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืื ืืืืฉ.",
|
180 |
+
"ืืืืชืจ ืืื ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืขื ืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืื ืฆืจืื ืืืืจ ืขื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืชืืืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืชืืืื ืขื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืฉืื ืขื ืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืชืื ืืงืืฉ ืืคืืื ืืืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืกืืจ ืืืจืงื ืืงืืืขืื ืฉืืฉ ืืื ืขื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืชืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืื ื ืื ืกืื ืืื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืืคืืช ืขืืจ.",
|
181 |
+
"ืื ืืืื ืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืจืืขื ืืืื ืก ืื ืืืืช ืืืจืืฅ ืื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืื ืืืืช ืืงืืจืืช ืืข\"ืค ืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืืืคืืืช ืื ืชืื ืืชืื ืืชืืง ืฉืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืขื ืฉืืจืืืง ืืจืืข ืืืืช ืื ืืืช (ืื ืืืืช ืืืจืืฅ) ืื ืืืืช ืืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืฉืืื ืขืจืื ืืืกืืจ ืืืฉื ืขื ืืื ืฉืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืขืืื.",
|
182 |
+
"ืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืกืืจ ืืฉืืฉ ืืืชื ืื ืขื ืฉืืืฆืืื ื ืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืคืืื ืขืฉืจื ืืืื ืื ืืชืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืขื ืฉืืขืฉื ืื ืืืืฆื ืืืืื ืขืฉืจื ืืคืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืืฉ ืื ืืืช ืืืจ ืืกืืจ ืืฉืืฉ ืขื ืฉืืืฆืืื ื.",
|
183 |
+
"ืื ืืืืืื ืืืคืืื ื ืืืช ืืืคืืื ืืืชื ืืืชืจ ืืืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืงืจืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืืืจื ืชืืจื ืืงืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืคืืช ืื ืืืืืืืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืจืืฆื ืืืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืขื ืื.",
|
184 |
+
"ืื ืืจืืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขืืืืื ืขื ืฉืืขืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉืืืืขื ื ืืืงืืื ืื ืขื ืฉืืชืืกื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืฉื.",
|
185 |
+
"ืืฆืื ืืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืจื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืืืืืช ืืืจืืช ืื ืื ืฉืืื ืกืคืจ ืืกืคืจ ืื ืืจืืง ืืื ืื ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืื ืขืจืืชื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืคืฉืื ืจืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขื ืจืืฉื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืื\"ื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ื ืขืฉืจื ืืคืืื.",
|
186 |
+
"ืืื ืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืงืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืขืื ืื ืื ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืชืื ืืฉืง ืืื ืืื ื ืขื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืช๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืคืื ืื ืืื ืืืืงื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืฉื ืืคื ื ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืฉื ืืืืื ืจืืฉ ืืืืื ืืคืื ืฉืืื ืืขื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉื ืื ืืขื ืืืืืืื ืืคื ืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืคื ืืืืื ืขื ืืืจืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืคื ืืืืื ืขื ืืืจืืืช.ื ืืืจื ืืืืืช ืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืจืืื ืฉืืื."
|
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+
]
|
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+
],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
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+
"Chapter",
|
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+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, Tefillin, Mezuzah and the Torah Scroll/Hebrew/merged.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/English/Sefaria Community Translation.json
ADDED
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1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"language": "en",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org",
|
5 |
+
"versionTitle": "Sefaria Community Translation",
|
6 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืชืจืืื ืงืืืืช ืกืคืจืื",
|
7 |
+
"actualLanguage": "en",
|
8 |
+
"languageFamilyName": "english",
|
9 |
+
"isBaseText": false,
|
10 |
+
"isSource": false,
|
11 |
+
"direction": "ltr",
|
12 |
+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืกืืจ ืืชืคืืื",
|
13 |
+
"categories": [
|
14 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
15 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
16 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
17 |
+
],
|
18 |
+
"text": [
|
19 |
+
[],
|
20 |
+
[
|
21 |
+
"The formula of blessings of the tefillah and their order.",
|
22 |
+
"Blessed are You, Lord our God and God of our ancestors, God of Abraham, God of Isaac and God of Jacob, the great, mighty, and awesome God, etc.",
|
23 |
+
"You are mighty forever, Lord, You give life to the dead, great is [Your power] to save (causing the dew to fall) (causing the wind to blow and rain to fall). You sustain the living with compassionate love, give life to the dead in great mercy, support the fallen, etc.",
|
24 |
+
"You are holy and Your name is Holy and the Holy ones praise you every day. Blessed are You, Lord, the holy God.",
|
25 |
+
"You graciously endow humans with knowledge and teach people. Grant us knowledge, wisdom, understanding and insight. Blessed are You, Lord, who graciously grants knowledge.",
|
26 |
+
"Return us, Our Father, to Your Torah, and cause us to cleave to Your commandments and bring us near to Your service. Cause us to return in complete repentance to You. Blessed are You, Lord, who desires repentance.",
|
27 |
+
"Forgive us, Our Father, for we have sinned, pardon us, Our King, for we have transgressed against You. For You are a good and forgiving God. Blessed are You, Lord, You are very gracious to forgive.",
|
28 |
+
"See our affliction, and fight our fight and judge our cause and quickly redeem us because you are the sovereign God, a mighty redeemer. Blessed are You, Lord, Redeemer of Israel.",
|
29 |
+
"Heal us, Lord, our God, and we will be healed. Save us and we will be saved because You are our praise. Bring complete healing to all of our sick because You are a merciful and healing God. Blessed are You, Lord, who heals the sick of his people Israel.",
|
30 |
+
"Bless us, Lord, our God, in all the works of our hands and bless our years. And give (dew and rain for) blessing upon the face of the entire earth and satisfy the world with your blessings and water the face of the earth. Blessed are You, Lord, who blesses the years.",
|
31 |
+
"Sound the great shofar for our freedom and raise a banner to gather all our exiles from the four corners of the earth to our land. Blessed are You, Lord, who gathers the distant ones of his people Israel. ",
|
32 |
+
"Restore our judges as at first and counsel us as in the beginning, and remove from us sorrow and sighing. May You alone rule over us with lovingkindness and compassion, with righteousness and justice. Blessed are You, Lord, who loves righteousness and justice. ",
|
33 |
+
"For the slanderers, let there be no hope, and all the heretics, may all of them in a moment be destroyed. And uproot and quickly shatter the kingdom of the evil in our days. Blessed are You. Lord who destroys enemies and humbles the arrogant.",
|
34 |
+
"Upon the pious and the righteous and the righteous converts and the remnant of Your people the house of Israel arouse Your mercy, Lord our God and grant a good reward to all who truly trust in Your name, etc.",
|
35 |
+
"Dwell in the midst of Jerusalem, Your city, as You stated and build it as an everlasting structure soon in our days. Blessed are You, Lord, who builds Jerusalem.",
|
36 |
+
"The shoot of David may it soon flower and his horn be raised high by Your salvation. Blessed are You, Lord, who causes the horn of salvation to flower.",
|
37 |
+
"Hear our voice, Lord, our God, pity and have mercy upon us and receive in mercy and favor our prayer. O King, do not turn us away empty-handed because you hear, etc.",
|
38 |
+
"Find favor, Lord, our God, in Your people Israel and their time of prayer. And restore the service to the sanctuary of Your house and the fire offerings of Israel and their prayer. Blessed are You, Lord, our God, who restores the Divine presence to Zion. ",
|
39 |
+
"We give thanks to You, that You are the Lord, our God and God of our ancestors. You are the rock of our life and the shield of our salvation from generation to generation. We will thank You and we recount Your praise for our lives, etc.",
|
40 |
+
"Grant peace, goodness and blessing, grace, mercy and compassion to us and to all Your people Israel. Bless all of us from the light of Your Presence and give us Lord, our God, Torah and life, love, etc. ",
|
41 |
+
"During the summer one should say in the second blessing, \"great is Your power to save, who causes the dew to fall, You sustain the living with compassionate love, etc.\" And in the ninth blessing, in this formula, \"Bless us Lord, our God with all of the work of our hands and bless our years with favorable dew, blessing and generosity as in the good years. Blessed are You, who blesses the years.\" ...",
|
42 |
+
"On the evening following the Sabbath or Yom Kippur or a festival, recite the fourth blessing following this formula. You favor humans with knowledge and teach people wisdom. You distinguish between holy and profane, between light and darkness, between Israel and the [other] nations, between the seventh day and the six days of work, just as you distinguished between holy and profane, this redeem us and save us from all types of destruction and all form of calamity that come into the work and guard us from everything. Graciously give us from you....etc.",
|
43 |
+
"On new months and on the intermediate days of festivals add to the 17th blessing in the evening, morning and afternoon and recite it according the this formula. \"Find favor, Lord, Our God, etc.\" until \"the service of Israel your people\" then \"Our God and the God of our ancestors, arise and come, etc.\" \"And cause our eyes to see, etc.\" ",
|
44 |
+
"and on the intermediate days of festivals say, \"On this holy festival, on this festival day of matzot, on this festival day of Shavuot or on this festival day of Sukkot.\" ...",
|
45 |
+
"On a fast day, an individual recites the sixteenth blessing according to this formula. Hear our voice, Lord our God, have pity and mercy on us and receive in mercy and in favor our prayers before you. Do not cause us to return empty-handed, our King. Answer us, our Father, answer us on our fast day because in this great distress we do not turn your face from us and do not block your ears from hearing our pleas and may our salvation be soon. Before we call, you answer, we speak and you listen as it is said, \"And it will be that before they call, I will answer (Isaiah 65:23).\" They also say, \"And I will hear because you hear the prayer of of every mouth.\" Blessed are You, Adonai, who hears prayer. And the representative of the community recites this blessing on behalf of himself. After the seventh blessing, he says \"Answer us, etc.\" until \"because you answer at a time of trouble, redeem and rescue us at every time of trouble and distress. Blessed are You, Lord who answers at times of trouble.\"",
|
46 |
+
"On the ninth of Av, recite the fourteenth blessing according to this formula. Have mercy Lord on us and on Israel Your people and on Jerusalem Your city, the city of mourning, destruction and desolation given over to the hand of strangers. She sits, her head uncovered like a barren woman that has not given birth. Legions have devoured her and idolators have inherited her and given the carcasses of Your servants as food to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the earth. Therefore Zion weeps bitterly and Jerusalem raises her voice. My heart, my heart grieves for their slain ones; I am in anguish, I am in anguish for those they killed. See her desolation and comfort her because with fire You consumed it and with fire You will rebuild it, as it is written, \"And I myself will be, says the Lord, a wall of fire around it and will be its glory within (Zechariah 2:9).\" Blessed are You, Lord, who rebuilds Jerusalem. ",
|
47 |
+
"On Purim, recite the eighteenth blessing according to this formula. We gratefully acknowledge that You are the Lord our God...for our lives which are handed over into your hands and for our souls which are entrusted to You for Your miracles that are with us every day and Your wonders that are with us at all times, etc. For the miracles and for the mighty deeds and for the salvations, etc. And for all of these, Lord, our God, we gratefully acknowledge You, the goodness which does not cease, etc.",
|
48 |
+
"On Chanukah recite this blessing according to this formula. We gratefully acknowledge You, etc. until and for Your wonders that are with us at all times, evening, morning and afternoon...for the miracles, etc. until and then Your children entered, etc.",
|
49 |
+
"The agent of the community always blesses the third blessing according to this formula. We sanctify you and we declare you King and three times daily we declare Your holiness as it says by the hand of Your prophet, \"And they turned one to the other and said, 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Hosts, the whole earth is filled with His Glory (Isaiah 6).\" His Glory and His Greatness fill the world and His servants ask, 'where is the place of His Glory?' To revere him, those facing praise and say, \"Blessed is the glory of God from His place (Ezekiel 3).\" From Your place, our King, appear and rule over us because we wait for You. When will You rule in Zion? In our lives and in our day may you dwell, be sanctified and be exalted in the midst of Jerusalem, Your city, from generation to generation forever. May our eyes see the kingdom of your strength, as it is said in Your holy writings by the hand of David your righteous anointed one, \"The Lord will reign forever, Your God O Zion, from generation to generation, Halleluyah(Psalm 146)!\" From generation to generation we will declare Your greatness and from eternity to eternity proclaim Your holiness; Your praise, our God, shall not cease from our lips because You, God, are a great and holy King. Blessed are You, Lord, the holy God. At the time when the communal agent says within this blessing, \"And one turned to the other,\" all the people respond, \" Holy, holy, holy, etc.\" And when he says, \"Where is the place of Your glory?\" All of the people respond, \"They praise and say, blessed, etc.\" And when he says, \"In our lives and in our days,\" all the people respond, \"Amen.\" And when he says, \" By the hand of David, Your righteous anointed one,\" all the people respond, \"The Lord will reign forever.\" And all of these, the words that the congregation responds, he recites with them and does not raise his voice at the time that they respond with him, one for the individual and one for the communal agent. During the ten days from Rosh Hashanah until Yom Kippur, one says at the end of this blessing, as it is said, the Lord of Hosts is exalted by justice and the holy God is sanctified through righteousness. Blessed are you, Lord, the Holy King. ",
|
50 |
+
"",
|
51 |
+
"The prayer leader always says Kaddish before and after each prayer. And after he says the order of the day each day, at any time that he should say the order of the day, he should supplicate a little and [then] say Kaddish. And when he finishes reading from the Torah, and at any time that he supplicates with words of supplication, he should say Kaddish when he finshes his supplications. ",
|
52 |
+
"<b>The text of Kaddish</b>",
|
53 |
+
"May His great name be exalted and sanctified in the world which He created according to His will; and may He rule His kingdom, spring forth His redemption, bring His Messiah near and redeem His people. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future, and say, Amen. May His great Name be blessed for ever and ever. Blessed. etc. At the time that the prayer leader says, \"May His great name be exalted and sanctified,\" all of the people say, \"Amen.\" And when he first says, \"And say, Amen,\" all of the people answer, \"Amen. May His great Name be blessed for ever and ever.\" And it is a commandment of the first Sages to answer, \"Amen. May His great Name be blessed for ever and ever,\" with all of a person's strength. And when he says, \"Blessed [etc.],\" all the people answer, \"Amen.\" And when he says, \"Blessed be He,\" all the people answer, \"Amen.\" And when he says at the end, \"And say, Amen,\" all the people answer, \"Amen.\" And they answer according to this order for every kaddish. [Concerning] the last kaddish after every kaddish that the prayer leader says after he finishes the prayer, such that he does not say anything after it, but all the people rather hear it and leave, people have the practice of adding this formula at its end: May You accept the prayers and render effective the requests and the prayers and requests of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. May there be abundant peace, assistance and salvation from the Heavens upon you and upon us and upon the congregation of Israel, and say, Amen. He Who makes peace in His high heavens, may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel. Amen. The Rabbis' Kaddish: Whenever ten or more Jews finish occupying themselves with study of the Oral Torah - even of Midrash or Aggadah (non-legal sections) - one of them says Kaddish according to this formula: May His great name be exalted and sanctified who in the future will refresh the world, to bring the dead to life, to redeem the living, to build the city of Jerusalem, to complete the holy sanctuary, to uproot the foreign service from the land (of Israel) and to place the service of the Heavens in its place, with its splendor and its uniqueness, etc. [It then concludes:] and the consolations that we say in this world, and say, Amen. Upon the rabbis, and upon their disciples, and upon the disciples of their disciples who occupy themselves with Torah in this place and in every place; may there be favor, kindness, compassion, assistance and ease for them and for you from before their Father who is in the heavens, and say Amen. May there be peace, etc. And this is what is called the Rabbis' Kaddish. "
|
54 |
+
]
|
55 |
+
],
|
56 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
57 |
+
"Chapter",
|
58 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
59 |
+
]
|
60 |
+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/English/merged.json
ADDED
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
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|
1 |
+
{
|
2 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer",
|
3 |
+
"language": "en",
|
4 |
+
"versionTitle": "merged",
|
5 |
+
"versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Mishneh_Torah,_The_Order_of_Prayer",
|
6 |
+
"text": [
|
7 |
+
[],
|
8 |
+
[
|
9 |
+
"The formula of blessings of the tefillah and their order.",
|
10 |
+
"Blessed are You, Lord our God and God of our ancestors, God of Abraham, God of Isaac and God of Jacob, the great, mighty, and awesome God, etc.",
|
11 |
+
"You are mighty forever, Lord, You give life to the dead, great is [Your power] to save (causing the dew to fall) (causing the wind to blow and rain to fall). You sustain the living with compassionate love, give life to the dead in great mercy, support the fallen, etc.",
|
12 |
+
"You are holy and Your name is Holy and the Holy ones praise you every day. Blessed are You, Lord, the holy God.",
|
13 |
+
"You graciously endow humans with knowledge and teach people. Grant us knowledge, wisdom, understanding and insight. Blessed are You, Lord, who graciously grants knowledge.",
|
14 |
+
"Return us, Our Father, to Your Torah, and cause us to cleave to Your commandments and bring us near to Your service. Cause us to return in complete repentance to You. Blessed are You, Lord, who desires repentance.",
|
15 |
+
"Forgive us, Our Father, for we have sinned, pardon us, Our King, for we have transgressed against You. For You are a good and forgiving God. Blessed are You, Lord, You are very gracious to forgive.",
|
16 |
+
"See our affliction, and fight our fight and judge our cause and quickly redeem us because you are the sovereign God, a mighty redeemer. Blessed are You, Lord, Redeemer of Israel.",
|
17 |
+
"Heal us, Lord, our God, and we will be healed. Save us and we will be saved because You are our praise. Bring complete healing to all of our sick because You are a merciful and healing God. Blessed are You, Lord, who heals the sick of his people Israel.",
|
18 |
+
"Bless us, Lord, our God, in all the works of our hands and bless our years. And give (dew and rain for) blessing upon the face of the entire earth and satisfy the world with your blessings and water the face of the earth. Blessed are You, Lord, who blesses the years.",
|
19 |
+
"Sound the great shofar for our freedom and raise a banner to gather all our exiles from the four corners of the earth to our land. Blessed are You, Lord, who gathers the distant ones of his people Israel. ",
|
20 |
+
"Restore our judges as at first and counsel us as in the beginning, and remove from us sorrow and sighing. May You alone rule over us with lovingkindness and compassion, with righteousness and justice. Blessed are You, Lord, who loves righteousness and justice. ",
|
21 |
+
"For the slanderers, let there be no hope, and all the heretics, may all of them in a moment be destroyed. And uproot and quickly shatter the kingdom of the evil in our days. Blessed are You. Lord who destroys enemies and humbles the arrogant.",
|
22 |
+
"Upon the pious and the righteous and the righteous converts and the remnant of Your people the house of Israel arouse Your mercy, Lord our God and grant a good reward to all who truly trust in Your name, etc.",
|
23 |
+
"Dwell in the midst of Jerusalem, Your city, as You stated and build it as an everlasting structure soon in our days. Blessed are You, Lord, who builds Jerusalem.",
|
24 |
+
"The shoot of David may it soon flower and his horn be raised high by Your salvation. Blessed are You, Lord, who causes the horn of salvation to flower.",
|
25 |
+
"Hear our voice, Lord, our God, pity and have mercy upon us and receive in mercy and favor our prayer. O King, do not turn us away empty-handed because you hear, etc.",
|
26 |
+
"Find favor, Lord, our God, in Your people Israel and their time of prayer. And restore the service to the sanctuary of Your house and the fire offerings of Israel and their prayer. Blessed are You, Lord, our God, who restores the Divine presence to Zion. ",
|
27 |
+
"We give thanks to You, that You are the Lord, our God and God of our ancestors. You are the rock of our life and the shield of our salvation from generation to generation. We will thank You and we recount Your praise for our lives, etc.",
|
28 |
+
"Grant peace, goodness and blessing, grace, mercy and compassion to us and to all Your people Israel. Bless all of us from the light of Your Presence and give us Lord, our God, Torah and life, love, etc. ",
|
29 |
+
"During the summer one should say in the second blessing, \"great is Your power to save, who causes the dew to fall, You sustain the living with compassionate love, etc.\" And in the ninth blessing, in this formula, \"Bless us Lord, our God with all of the work of our hands and bless our years with favorable dew, blessing and generosity as in the good years. Blessed are You, who blesses the years.\" ...",
|
30 |
+
"On the evening following the Sabbath or Yom Kippur or a festival, recite the fourth blessing following this formula. You favor humans with knowledge and teach people wisdom. You distinguish between holy and profane, between light and darkness, between Israel and the [other] nations, between the seventh day and the six days of work, just as you distinguished between holy and profane, this redeem us and save us from all types of destruction and all form of calamity that come into the work and guard us from everything. Graciously give us from you....etc.",
|
31 |
+
"On new months and on the intermediate days of festivals add to the 17th blessing in the evening, morning and afternoon and recite it according the this formula. \"Find favor, Lord, Our God, etc.\" until \"the service of Israel your people\" then \"Our God and the God of our ancestors, arise and come, etc.\" \"And cause our eyes to see, etc.\" ",
|
32 |
+
"and on the intermediate days of festivals say, \"On this holy festival, on this festival day of matzot, on this festival day of Shavuot or on this festival day of Sukkot.\" ...",
|
33 |
+
"On a fast day, an individual recites the sixteenth blessing according to this formula. Hear our voice, Lord our God, have pity and mercy on us and receive in mercy and in favor our prayers before you. Do not cause us to return empty-handed, our King. Answer us, our Father, answer us on our fast day because in this great distress we do not turn your face from us and do not block your ears from hearing our pleas and may our salvation be soon. Before we call, you answer, we speak and you listen as it is said, \"And it will be that before they call, I will answer (Isaiah 65:23).\" They also say, \"And I will hear because you hear the prayer of of every mouth.\" Blessed are You, Adonai, who hears prayer. And the representative of the community recites this blessing on behalf of himself. After the seventh blessing, he says \"Answer us, etc.\" until \"because you answer at a time of trouble, redeem and rescue us at every time of trouble and distress. Blessed are You, Lord who answers at times of trouble.\"",
|
34 |
+
"On the ninth of Av, recite the fourteenth blessing according to this formula. Have mercy Lord on us and on Israel Your people and on Jerusalem Your city, the city of mourning, destruction and desolation given over to the hand of strangers. She sits, her head uncovered like a barren woman that has not given birth. Legions have devoured her and idolators have inherited her and given the carcasses of Your servants as food to the birds of the heavens and the beasts of the earth. Therefore Zion weeps bitterly and Jerusalem raises her voice. My heart, my heart grieves for their slain ones; I am in anguish, I am in anguish for those they killed. See her desolation and comfort her because with fire You consumed it and with fire You will rebuild it, as it is written, \"And I myself will be, says the Lord, a wall of fire around it and will be its glory within (Zechariah 2:9).\" Blessed are You, Lord, who rebuilds Jerusalem. ",
|
35 |
+
"On Purim, recite the eighteenth blessing according to this formula. We gratefully acknowledge that You are the Lord our God...for our lives which are handed over into your hands and for our souls which are entrusted to You for Your miracles that are with us every day and Your wonders that are with us at all times, etc. For the miracles and for the mighty deeds and for the salvations, etc. And for all of these, Lord, our God, we gratefully acknowledge You, the goodness which does not cease, etc.",
|
36 |
+
"On Chanukah recite this blessing according to this formula. We gratefully acknowledge You, etc. until and for Your wonders that are with us at all times, evening, morning and afternoon...for the miracles, etc. until and then Your children entered, etc.",
|
37 |
+
"The agent of the community always blesses the third blessing according to this formula. We sanctify you and we declare you King and three times daily we declare Your holiness as it says by the hand of Your prophet, \"And they turned one to the other and said, 'Holy, holy, holy is the Lord of Hosts, the whole earth is filled with His Glory (Isaiah 6).\" His Glory and His Greatness fill the world and His servants ask, 'where is the place of His Glory?' To revere him, those facing praise and say, \"Blessed is the glory of God from His place (Ezekiel 3).\" From Your place, our King, appear and rule over us because we wait for You. When will You rule in Zion? In our lives and in our day may you dwell, be sanctified and be exalted in the midst of Jerusalem, Your city, from generation to generation forever. May our eyes see the kingdom of your strength, as it is said in Your holy writings by the hand of David your righteous anointed one, \"The Lord will reign forever, Your God O Zion, from generation to generation, Halleluyah(Psalm 146)!\" From generation to generation we will declare Your greatness and from eternity to eternity proclaim Your holiness; Your praise, our God, shall not cease from our lips because You, God, are a great and holy King. Blessed are You, Lord, the holy God. At the time when the communal agent says within this blessing, \"And one turned to the other,\" all the people respond, \" Holy, holy, holy, etc.\" And when he says, \"Where is the place of Your glory?\" All of the people respond, \"They praise and say, blessed, etc.\" And when he says, \"In our lives and in our days,\" all the people respond, \"Amen.\" And when he says, \" By the hand of David, Your righteous anointed one,\" all the people respond, \"The Lord will reign forever.\" And all of these, the words that the congregation responds, he recites with them and does not raise his voice at the time that they respond with him, one for the individual and one for the communal agent. During the ten days from Rosh Hashanah until Yom Kippur, one says at the end of this blessing, as it is said, the Lord of Hosts is exalted by justice and the holy God is sanctified through righteousness. Blessed are you, Lord, the Holy King. ",
|
38 |
+
"",
|
39 |
+
"The prayer leader always says Kaddish before and after each prayer. And after he says the order of the day each day, at any time that he should say the order of the day, he should supplicate a little and [then] say Kaddish. And when he finishes reading from the Torah, and at any time that he supplicates with words of supplication, he should say Kaddish when he finshes his supplications. ",
|
40 |
+
"<b>The text of Kaddish</b>",
|
41 |
+
"May His great name be exalted and sanctified in the world which He created according to His will; and may He rule His kingdom, spring forth His redemption, bring His Messiah near and redeem His people. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future, and say, Amen. May His great Name be blessed for ever and ever. Blessed. etc. At the time that the prayer leader says, \"May His great name be exalted and sanctified,\" all of the people say, \"Amen.\" And when he first says, \"And say, Amen,\" all of the people answer, \"Amen. May His great Name be blessed for ever and ever.\" And it is a commandment of the first Sages to answer, \"Amen. May His great Name be blessed for ever and ever,\" with all of a person's strength. And when he says, \"Blessed [etc.],\" all the people answer, \"Amen.\" And when he says, \"Blessed be He,\" all the people answer, \"Amen.\" And when he says at the end, \"And say, Amen,\" all the people answer, \"Amen.\" And they answer according to this order for every kaddish. [Concerning] the last kaddish after every kaddish that the prayer leader says after he finishes the prayer, such that he does not say anything after it, but all the people rather hear it and leave, people have the practice of adding this formula at its end: May You accept the prayers and render effective the requests and the prayers and requests of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. May there be abundant peace, assistance and salvation from the Heavens upon you and upon us and upon the congregation of Israel, and say, Amen. He Who makes peace in His high heavens, may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel. Amen. The Rabbis' Kaddish: Whenever ten or more Jews finish occupying themselves with study of the Oral Torah - even of Midrash or Aggadah (non-legal sections) - one of them says Kaddish according to this formula: May His great name be exalted and sanctified who in the future will refresh the world, to bring the dead to life, to redeem the living, to build the city of Jerusalem, to complete the holy sanctuary, to uproot the foreign service from the land (of Israel) and to place the service of the Heavens in its place, with its splendor and its uniqueness, etc. [It then concludes:] and the consolations that we say in this world, and say, Amen. Upon the rabbis, and upon their disciples, and upon the disciples of their disciples who occupy themselves with Torah in this place and in every place; may there be favor, kindness, compassion, assistance and ease for them and for you from before their Father who is in the heavens, and say Amen. May there be peace, etc. And this is what is called the Rabbis' Kaddish. "
|
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+
]
|
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],
|
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"versions": [
|
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+
[
|
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"Sefaria Community Translation",
|
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"https://www.sefaria.org"
|
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+
]
|
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+
],
|
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"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืกืืจ ืืชืคืืื",
|
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+
"categories": [
|
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+
"Halakhah",
|
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+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
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+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
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+
],
|
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+
"sectionNames": [
|
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+
"Chapter",
|
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+
"Halakhah"
|
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+
]
|
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+
}
|
json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/Hebrew/Torat Emet 370.json
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/Hebrew/Wikisource Mishneh Torah.json
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{
|
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+
"language": "he",
|
3 |
+
"title": "Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer",
|
4 |
+
"versionSource": "http://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%91%22%D7%9D_%D7%A1%D7%93%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%AA%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%94_(%D7%91)",
|
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+
"versionTitle": "Wikisource Mishneh Torah",
|
6 |
+
"status": "locked",
|
7 |
+
"license": "CC-BY-SA",
|
8 |
+
"versionTitleInHebrew": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื (ืืืงืืืงืกื)",
|
9 |
+
"actualLanguage": "he",
|
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+
"languageFamilyName": "hebrew",
|
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+
"isBaseText": true,
|
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+
"isSource": true,
|
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"isPrimary": true,
|
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"direction": "rtl",
|
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+
"heTitle": "ืืฉื ื ืชืืจื, ืกืืจ ืืชืคืืื",
|
16 |
+
"categories": [
|
17 |
+
"Halakhah",
|
18 |
+
"Mishneh Torah",
|
19 |
+
"Sefer Ahavah"
|
20 |
+
],
|
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+
"text": [
|
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+
[
|
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+
"ื. ืกืืจ ืชืคืืืช ืื ืืฉื ื:",
|
24 |
+
"ื ืืื ืืขื ืืงืจืืช ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืงืืจืื ืคืจืฉืช ืฆื ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืงืืจืื ืืฉื ื ืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืขืืจ ืืคืื ืืืืืืจืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืกืืื ืืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืืื ืืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืคืืจืืชืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืงืจื ืงืืืืช ืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืืืช ืืกืืื ืืขืืื ืชืคืื ืืืืงืืจ ืืืืื ืืืฉืืืช ืืืช ืืืืจืฉ ืืืื ืกืช ืืืจืืื ืืืืืช ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืจ ืจืื ืืืจื ืื ืืช ืืฉืจืื ืื ืืืืืจื ืขื ืขืฆืื ืฉืืคืืื ืจืืืืช ืืืคืช ืื ืืืจืื ืืืฉืืืช ืขืืื ืฉืืขื ื ืงืืื ืชื ื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืื ื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืืืืช ืขืืื ืื ืื ืชืงืจื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืืช ืืืจ ืจืื ืืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืจืื ืื ืื ื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืฉืืื ืืขืืื ืฉื ืืืจ ืืื ืื ืื ืืืืื ืื' ืืื' ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืื' ืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืืจ ืงืืฉื ืืืื ืชืืื ืืคืืขื ืฆืืง ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืจื ืฉืืื ืืกืชืจ ืืืืื ืขื ืืืืช ืืืืืจ ืืืช ืืืืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืจืืื ืืขืืืืื ืื ืขื ืฆืืงืืชืื ื ืื ืื ื ืืคืืืื ืชืื ืื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืืจืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืืืื ื ืื ืืกืื ื ืื ืฆืืงืชื ื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืืืืจืชื ื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืข ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืขืฉืื ื ืชืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืืืืจื ืงืืฉื ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืืื' ืืื ืื ืื ื ืขืื ืื ื ืืจืืชื ืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืฉื ืฉืืขืช ืื ืืืจ ืืืืจืื ืืจืข ืืฆืืง ืืืืื ืฉื ืขืงื ืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืขืืช ืืขืงื ืื ื ืืืืจื ืฉืืืืืชื ืฉืืืืช ืืืชื ืืืฉืืืชื ืฉืฉืืืช ืื ืงืจืืช ืืืชื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืืจืื:",
|
25 |
+
"ืืคืืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืคืืจื ืืืืชื ืฉืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืืืื ืื ื ืืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืืื ืืื ืขืจื ืืืืงืจ ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืื' ืืื ืืฉืจื ื ืื ืืื ืืืงื ื ืื ื ืขืื ืืืจืื ื ืื ืืคื ืืจืืฉืชื ื ืืฉืจื ื ืฉืื ื ืืฉืืืืื ืืืขืจืืืื ืืื ืืื ืชืืื ืขืจื ืืืืงืจ ืืืืืจืื ืฉืืข ืืฉืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืื' ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืงืืื ืฉื ืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชื ืืื ืืืจ ืฉื ืืจื ืืขืืื ืืชื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืจืื ืงืืฉ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืืขืืืื ืืืืฉืืขืชื ืชืจืื ืืชืืืื ืงืจื ื ื ืืจืื ืืืงืืฉ ืฉืื ืืจืืื ืืชื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืขื ืืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืชืืช ืืืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืขืืืื ืื ืืชื ืืื ืจืืฉืื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืงืืฅ ืงืืื ืืืจืืข ืื ืคืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืืืจื ืืืืขื ืื ืืื ืขืืื ืื ืืชื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืชื ืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืฉืืื ืืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืขืืืื ืื ืื ืืชืืชืื ืื ืื ืฉืืืืจ ืื ืื ืชืขืฉื ืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื ืขืฉื ืขืื ื ืืื ืฉืืืืืชื ื ืขื ืืื ืืืื ืืขืช ืืืื ืืืื ืืชืื ืืืขืช ืงืืฆื ืืชืื ืื ืืชื ืืชืื ืืฉื ืืืชืืื ืืื ืขืื ืืืจืฅ ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฉืืืชืืื ืืขืื ืืื ืืืจ ืื ืื ืืืจ ืืชื ืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืชื ืขืฉืืช ืืช ืืฉืืื ืฉืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืฆืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืืฉืจ ืขืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉืจ ืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืืช ืืืื ืืฆืื ืืฉืืื ืื ืืฉืชืืืื ืืชื ืืื ืื' ืืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืจืช ืืืืจื ืืืืฆืืชื ืืืืจ ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืช ืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืชื ืืื ืืฉื ืืชืื ืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืชืื ืื' ืืื ืื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขื ืื' ืืื ืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืื:",
|
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+
"ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืืจืืื ืืคื ื ืคืกืืงื ืืืืืจืืช ืืื ื ืืกืื: ืืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืจืื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืืจ ืืขืืฉื ืืจืื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืจืื ืืจืื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืจืื ืืจืื ืขื ืืืจืืืช ืืจืื ืืขืืืจ ืืคืื ืืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืื ืืคื ืื ืื ืขืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ืืจืื ืื ืืฉืื ืคื ืื ืืื ืืงื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืื ืื ืืขื ืืงืืื ืื ืฆื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืคื ืขืื ืืฉืืื ืืืคืืืจ ืืืฉืื ืื ืืกืืืื ืืขืืืื ืืืฉืืจื ืืื ืขืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืืืช ืืืืืืจืืช ื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืื ืคืืจื ืื ืืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืขืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืคืืืจ ืขืื ืขื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืืืช ืืงืืจืื ืคืกืืงืื ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืฉืื ืื' ืืืขืฉืื ืื' ืืฉืจื ืื' ืขื ืกืืฃ ืชืืืื ืืืืจ ืื ืงืืจื ืคืกืืงืื ืืื ืืจืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืช ืื ืืขืื ื ืื ืืงืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื':",
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"ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉื ืืืจ ืคืกืืงื ืืืืืจืืช ืืื ื ืืกืื: ืืฉืชืื ืฉืื ืืขื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืืืืจืฅ ืื ืื ื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืื' ืืงืืจื ืืฉืืจื ืขื ืกืืคื ืืื ืื ืืืงืื ืืฉืืช ื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืคื ื ืืจืื ืื ื ืืกื ืื ื ืฉืืช ืื ืื ืชืืจื ืืช ืฉืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืจืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืชืคืืจ ืืชืจืืื ืืืจื ืืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืขืืื ืืขื ืขืืื ืืชื ืื ืืืืืขืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืฉืืข ืคืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืขืช ืฆืจื ืืฆืืงื ืืื ืืชื ืืคืจื ืก ืืืจืื ืืืื ืื ืืจืืืช ืืืื ืืชืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืชืืฉืืืืช ืืื ืื ืขืืืื ืืืกื ืืืจืืืชืื ืืจืืืื ืจืืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืขืืจืจ ืืฉื ืื ืืืืงืืฅ ื ืจืืืื ืกืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืจืืคื ืืืืื ืืืชืืจ ืืกืืจืื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืคืื ื ืืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืื ื ืจื ื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืคืชืืชืื ื ืฉืื ืืืจืืื ืจืงืืข ืืขืื ืื ื ืืืืจืืช ืืฉืืฉ ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืคืจืืฉืืช ืื ืฉืจื ืฉืืื ืืจืืืื ื ืงืืืช ืืืืืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืกืคืืงืื ืืืืืืช ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืืช ืฉืื ืขื ืืืช ืืืืฃ ืืืคื ืืืคืื ืืจืื ืจืืื ืจืืืืช ืคืขืืื ืืืืืืช ื ืกืื ืืืืืจืืช ืฉืขืฉืืช ืขืื ื ืืขื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืคื ืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืืืชื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืช ืขืืืื ืคืืืชื ื ืืจืขื ืื ืชื ื ืืืฉืืืข ืืืืืชื ื ืืืจื ืืฆืืชื ื ืืืืืจ ืืืืชื ื ืืืืืืื ืจืขืื ืจืืื ืืืืชื ื ืืขื ืื ื ืขืืจืื ื ืจืืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืขืืืื ื ืืกืืื ืขื ืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืคืืืช ืื ื ืืจืื ืื ืฉืื ืฉื ืคืืช ืืืคืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืฉืจ ืฉืืช ืืคืื ื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืช ืฉืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื' ืืฉืชืื ืืื' ืืื ื ืืื ืืงืจืืช ืื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืจ ืืืื ืืฉืืช ืงืืื ืฉืืชืืืื ืคืกืืงื ืืืืืจืืช ืืืื ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ืืื ืืงืจืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืชืืช ืงืืื ืคืกืืงื ืืืืืจืืช ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ืืื ืืงืจืืช ืฉืืจ ืืืขืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืื:",
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"ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืคื ื ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืื ืืื ื ืืกืื: ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืฉื ืื' ืขื ืืืฆืจ ืืืืืจืืช ืืจืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืช ืขืืื ืืืืชื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืชืืจื ืืืืช ืขืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืื' ืขื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื:",
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29 |
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"ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืฉืืืืจ ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืื ืืื ื ืืกืื: ืืืช ืืืฆืื ืืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืขืจืืืช ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืจื ืืขืจืื ืขืจืืื ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืขืจืื ืขืจืืื ืืจืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืช ืขืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืืืช ืืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืฉืืืืจ ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข ืฉื ืขืจืืืช ืื ืืื ื ืืกืื:",
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"ืืืช ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืช ืงืืื ืขืืื ื ืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืื ืืื ื ืืกืื:",
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"ืืฉืืืื ื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืฉืืืจ ืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืขื ืืจืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื' ืขื ืคืืืชื ืืืชื ืื' ืื ืืืช ืืจืื ืขืื ืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืื ื ืื' ืขื ืื' ืืื ืื' ืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืขื:",
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32 |
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"ืื ืืื ืืงืฆืช ืืขื ืืืจื ืคืกืืงืื ืืืืฆืข ืืจืื ืืงืืจืืื ืื ืืกื ืื: ืืืจื ืื ืืขื ืืืคืื ืขื ืคื ืืื ืืืืืจื ืื' ืืื ืืืืืื ืื' ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืขื ื ืืืื ืืฉืขื ื ืืงืืฆื ื ืืืฆืืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืฉื ืงืืฉื ืืืฉืชืื ืืชืืืชื ืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืื' ืืช ืขืื ืืขืืืจ ืฉืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื' ืืขืฉืืช ืืชืื ืื ืืขื ืืขืื ืืืฉืืขืื ืืืจ ืฆืืื ืืฉืคืื ืืช ืืจ ืขืฉื ืืืืชื ืืื' ืืืืืื ืืืื ืื' ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื' ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืฉืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืงืจืื ืขืืื ื ืงืืื ืืช ืฉืื ืืืืืืชื ืขืืื ื ืชืืื ืืืื ื ืคืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืคืฉ ืื ืื ืืจืื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืืฉ ืืืื ืืคืงืื ืจืืื ืคืืืชื ืืืชื ืื' ืื ืืืช ืืื ืื ื ืขืื ืืฆืื ืืจืขืืชื ื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ื ืกืคืจ ืชืืืชื ืื' ืืฆืืื ื ืคืฉื ืืฉืคืช ืฉืงืจ ืืืฉืื ืจืืื ืืฉืจืื ื ืืฉืข ืืื' ืชืฉืืขืช ืขืืืืื ืื ืชืืืฉื ืืื ืชืืืื ืขื ืขืืืื ืขื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขืื ื ืืืฉืจ ืืื ืขื ืืืืชืื ื ืื ืืขืืื ื ืืื ืืืฉื ื ืืืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืฆืืชืื ืืืงืื ืืืฉืคืืื ืืฉืจ ืฆืื ืืช ืืืืชืื ื ืื ืื ืฉืื ืชืืื ืื ืืืืืื ืืจืื ืื' ืืืื ืืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ืืจืื ืื' ืืฉืืื ื ืืจืื ืื' ืืงืืื ื ืชืืื ื ืืืื ืกืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืืงืื ืืืืืื ืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืงืืื ืชืืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืื':"
|
33 |
+
],
|
34 |
+
[
|
35 |
+
"ื. ื ืืกื ืืจืืืช ืืชืคืื ืืกืืืืจื:",
|
36 |
+
"(ื) ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืฆืืง ืืืืื ืืขืงื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืื ืืจื ืืื':",
|
37 |
+
"(ื) ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืขืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืชืื ืืชื ืจื ืืืืฉืืข (ืืืจืื ืืื) (ืืฉืื ืืจืื ืืืืจืื ืืืฉื) ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืกื ืืืื ืืชืื ืืจืืืื ืจืืื ืกืืื ื ืืคืืื ืืื':",
|
38 |
+
"(ื) ืืชื ืงืืืฉ ืืฉืื ืงืืืฉ ืืงืืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืกืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืงืืืฉ:",
|
39 |
+
"(ื) ืืชื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืื ื ืืื ื ื ืืืชื ืืขื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ื ืืืขืช:",
|
40 |
+
"(ื) ืืฉืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืชืืจืชื ืืืืงื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืงืจืื ื ืืืื ื ืืขืืืืชื ืืืืืืจื ื ืืชืฉืืื ืฉืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืจืืฆื ืืชืฉืืื:",
|
41 |
+
"(ื) ืกืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืื ื ืื ืคืฉืขื ื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืกืื ืืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืกืืื:",
|
42 |
+
"(ื) ืจืื ื ื ืืขื ืื ื ืืจืืื ืจืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ื ื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ื ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืง ืืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืฉืจืื:",
|
43 |
+
"(ื) ืจืคืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืื ืจืคื ืืืฉืืขื ื ืื ืืฉืขื ืื ืชืืืชื ื ืืชื ืืืขืื ืจืคืืื ืฉืืืื ืืื ืชืืืืืื ื ืื ืื ืจืืคื ืืจืืื ืืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืจืืคื ืืืื ืขืื ืืฉืจืื:",
|
44 |
+
"(ื) ืืจืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืช ืฉื ืืชืื ื ืืชื (ืื ืืืืจ ื) ืืจืื ืขื ืื ืคื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืข ืืช ืืขืืื ืืืจืืืชืื ืืจืื ืคื ื ืชืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืจื ืืฉื ืื:",
|
45 |
+
"(ื) ืชืงืข ืืฉืืคืจ ืืืื ืืืืจืืชื ื ืืฉื ื ืก ืืงืืฅ ืืช ืื ืืืืืชืื ื ืืืจืืข ืื ืคืืช ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืจืฆื ื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฅ ื ืืื ืขืื ืืฉืจืื:",
|
46 |
+
"(ืื) ืืฉืืื ืฉืืคืืื ื ืืืจืืฉืื ื ืืืืขืฆืื ื ืืืชืืืื ืืืกืจ ืืื ื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืชื ืืืื ืืืกื ืืืจืืืื ืืฆืืง ืืืืฉืคื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืืื ืฆืืงื ืืืฉืคื:",
|
47 |
+
"(ืื) ืืืืฉืื ืื ืื ืชืื ืชืงืื ืืื ืืืคืืงืืจืืกืื ืืืื ืืจืืข ืืืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืื ืชืขืงืจ ืืชืฉืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืื ื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืฉืืืจ ืจืฉืขืื ืืืื ืืข ืืืื:",
|
48 |
+
"(ืื) ืขื ืืืกืืืื ืืขื ืืฆืืืงืื ืืขื ืืจื ืืฆืืง ืืขื ืฉืืจืืช ืขืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืจืืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืชื ืฉืืจ ืืื ืืื ืืืืืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืช ืืื':",
|
49 |
+
"(ืื) ืชืฉืืื ืืชืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืืฉืจ ืืืจืช ืืื ื ืืืชื ืื ืื ืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื:",
|
50 |
+
"(ืื) ืืช ืฆืื ืืื ืืืืจื ืชืฆืืื ืืงืจื ื ืชืจืื ืืืฉืืขืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืฆืืื ืงืจื ืืฉืืขื:",
|
51 |
+
"(ืื) ืฉืืข ืงืืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืก ืืจืื ืขืืื ื ืืงืื ืืจืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืืช ืชืคืืชืื ื ืืืื ื ืจืืงื ืื ืชืฉืืื ื ืื ืืชื ืฉืืืข ืืื':",
|
52 |
+
"(ืื) ืจืฆื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืชืคืืชื ืฉืขื ืืืฉื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืจ ืืืชื ืืืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืชืคืืชื ืืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืชื ืืฆืืื:",
|
53 |
+
"(ืื) ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืฆืืจ ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืฉืขื ื ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ื ืืื ืื ืื ืกืคืจ ืชืืืชื ืขื ืืืื ื ืืื':",
|
54 |
+
"(ืื) ืฉืื ืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืจืื ืื ืืืกื ืืจืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืืืจ ืคื ืื ื ืชืช ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืชืืจื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื' ",
|
55 |
+
"ืืืืืช ืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืฉื ืื ืจื ืืืืฉืืข ืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืืกื ืืื' ืืืืจื ืืจืื ืชืฉืืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืื ืืจืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืฉื ืืืื ื ืืืจื ืืช ืฉื ืชื ื ืืืืื ืจืฆืื ืืจืื ืื ืืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืืืช ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืจื ืืฉื ืื ",
|
56 |
+
"ืืืื ืืืฆืื ืฉืืช ืืืืืฆืื ืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืืืืืฆืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืจืืืขืืช ืื ืืกื ืื: ืืชื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืฉ ืืื ื ืืชื ืืืืืช ืืื ืงืืฉ ืืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืืืฉื ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืฉืฉืช ืืื ืืืขืฉื ืืฉื ืฉืืืืืช ืืื ืงืืฉ ืืืื ืื ืคืื ื ืืืฆืืื ื ืืื ืืื ื ืืฉืืืช ืืืื ืืื ื ืคืืจืขื ืืืช ืืืชืจืืฉืืช ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืืจื ื ืื ืืื ืืื ื ื ืืืชื ืืื':",
|
57 |
+
"ืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื ืืืกืืฃ ืืืจืืช ื\"ื ืืขืจืืืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืจื ืืืชื ืื ืืกื ืื: ืจืฆื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื' ืขื ืขืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืขืื ืืืื ืืื' ืืชืืืื ื ืขืื ืื ื ืืื' ",
|
58 |
+
"ืืืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืื ืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืขื ืื ืืกืืืืช ืืื ",
|
59 |
+
"ืืืื ืชืขื ืืช ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืจืืช ื\"ื ืื ืืกื ืื: ืฉืืข ืงืืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืก ืืจืื ืขืืื ื ืืงืื ืืจืืืื ืืืจืฆืื ืืช ืชืคืืชื ื ืืืคื ืื ืืืื ื ืจืืงื ืื ืชืฉืืื ื ืขื ื ื ืืืื ื ืขื ื ื ืืืื ืฆืื ืชืขื ืืชื ื ืื ืืฆืจื ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืชืกืชืจ ืคื ืื ืืื ื ืืื ืชืขืื ืืื ื ืืฉืืืข ืืงืฉืชื ื ืืืื ืงืจืื ืืฉืืขื ื ืืจื ื ืงืจื ืืืชื ืชืขื ื ื ืืืจ ืืืชื ืชืฉืืข ืืืืจ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืืื ืืจื ืืงืจืื ืืื ื ืืขื ื ืขืื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ื ืืฉืืข ืื ืืชื ืฉืืืข ืชืคืืช ืื ืคื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืฉืืืข ืชืคืื ืืฉืืื ืฆืืืจ ืืืืจ ื ืืกื ืื ืืจืื ืืคื ื ืขืฆืื ืืืจ ืืจืื ืฉืืืขืืช ืืืืจ ืขื ื ื ืืื' ืขื ืื ืื ืขืื ื ืืขืช ืฆืจื ืคืืื ืืืฆืื ืืื ืขืช ืฆืจื ืืฆืืงื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืขืื ื ืืขืช ืฆืจื:",
|
60 |
+
"ืืชืฉืขื ืืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืืจืืข ืขืฉืจื ืื ืืกื ืื: ืจืื ืื' ืขืืื ื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืขืืจ ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืืฉืืืื ืื ืชืื ื ืืื ืืจืื ืืืืฉืืช ืืจืืฉ ืื ืืคืื ืืืฉื ืขืงืจื ืฉืื ืืืื ืืืืืขืื ืืืืื ืืช ืืืืจืฉืื ืขืืืื ืคืกืืืื ืืืชื ื ื ืืืช ืขืืืื ืืืื ืืขืืฃ ืืฉืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืจืฅ ืขื ืื ืฆืืื ืืืจืจ ืชืืื ืืืจืืฉืืื ืชืชื ืงืืื ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืืื ืืขื ืืขื ืขื ืืจืืืืื ืจืื ืื' ืืืืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืืืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืื ืืืฉ ืืฆืชื ืืืืฉ ืืชื ืขืชืื ืืื ืืชื ืืืชืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืื ืื' ืืืืช ืืฉ ืกืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืชืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ",
|
61 |
+
"ืืคืืจืื ืืืจื ืืจืืช ืฉืื ื ืขืฉืจื ืื ืืกื ืื: ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืฉืืชื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืืื ื ืืืกืืจืื ืืืื ืขื ื ืฉืืืชืื ื ืืคืงืืืืช ืื ืขื ื ืกืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืขื ื ืคืืืืชืื ืฉืืื ืขืช ืื' ืขื ืื ืกืื ืืขื ืืืืืจืืช ืืขื ืืชืฉ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืขืืช ืืื' ืืขื ืืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืืื':",
|
62 |
+
"ืืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืื ืื ืืกื ืื: ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืื' ืขื ืืขื ื ืคืืืืชืื ืฉืืื ืขืช ืขืจื ืืืืงืจ ืืฆืืจืื ืขื ืื ืกืื ืื' ืขื ืืืืจ ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื':",
|
63 |
+
"ืฉืืื ืฆืืืจ ืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืื ืืกื ืื: ื ืงืืืฉื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืฉืืฉ ืื ืงืืืฉื ืืฉืืืฉืช ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืขื ืื ื ืืืื ืืงืจื ืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืงืืืฉ ืงืืืฉ ืงืืืฉ ืื' ืฆืืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืฉืจืชืื ืฉืืืืื ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืืืขืจืืฆื ืืขืืืชื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืืืื ืื' ืืืงืืื ืืืงืืื ืืืื ื ืชืืคืืข ืืชืืืื ืขืืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืื ืืชื ืชืืืื ืืฆืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืืื ื ืชืฉืืื ืชืชืืื ืืชืชืงืืฉ ืืชืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืื ืฆื ื ืฆืืื ืืขืื ืื ื ืชืจืืื ื ืืืืืืช ืขืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืงืืฉื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืฉืื ืฆืืงื ืืืืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืฆืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฆื ื ืฆืืื ืงืืืฉืชื ื ืงืืืฉ ืืฉืืื ืืืืื ื ืืคืื ื ืื ืืืืฉ ืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืขืช ืฉืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืื ืืงืจื ืื ืื ืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืงืืืฉ ืงืืืฉ ืืื' ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืงืื ืืืืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืืืจืื ืืจืื ืื' ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืข\"ื ืืื ืืฉืื ืฆืืงื ืื ืืขื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืฉืขืื ืื ืืฆืืืจ ืืื ืงืืจื ืขืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืงืืื ืืขืช ืฉืื ืขืื ืื ืขืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืฉ\"ืฅ ืืขืฉืจื ืืืื ืฉืืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืขื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืกืืฃ ืืจืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืื ื\"ื ืฆืืืืช ืืืฉืคื ืืืื ืืงืืืฉ ื ืงืืฉ ืืฆืืงื ืืจืื ืืชื ื\"ื ืืืื ืืงืืืฉ",
|
64 |
+
"ืงืืืฉ ืื ืคืืืช ืืคืื",
|
65 |
+
"ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืงืืืฉ ืืขืืื ืงืืื ืื ืชืคืื ืืืืจ ืื ืชืคืื ืืืืจ ืฉืืืืจ ืกืืจ ืืืื ืืื ืขืช ืฉืืืืจ ืกืืจ ืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืขื ืืืืืจ ืงืืืฉ ืืืฉืืฉืืื ืืงืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืืืื ืขืช ืฉืืชืื ื ืืืืจื ืชืื ืื ืื ืืฉืืืืืจ ืชืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืงืืืฉ:",
|
66 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืงืืืฉ:",
|
67 |
+
"ืืชืืื ืืืชืงืืฉ ืฉืืื ืจืื ืืขืืื ืืืจื ืืจืขืืชืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืชืื ืืืฆืื ืคืืจืงื ืื ืืืงืจื ืืฉืืืื ืืืคืจืืง ืขืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืืืืื ืืืืืืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืงืจืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืจืื ืืืจื ืืขืื ืืืขืืื ืขืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืื' ืืขืช ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืชืืื ืืืชืงืืฉ ืฉืืื ืจืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืขืช ืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืชืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืจืื ืืืจื ืืขืื ืืืขืืื ืขืืืื ืืืฆืืช ืืืืื ืืจืืฉืื ืื ืืขื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืจืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืจืื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืกืืฃ ืืืืจื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืืืกืืจ ืืื ืขืื ืื ืืื ืงืืืฉ ืืงืืืฉ ืงืืืฉ ืืชืจื ืื ืงืืืฉ ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืจ ืฉืืืืจ ืืชืคืื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืื ืื ืืขื ืฉืืืขืื ืืืชื ืื ืคืืจืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืกืืคื ื ืืกืื ืื: ืชืชืงืื ืฆืืืชืืื ืืชืชืขืื ืืขืืชืืื ืืฆืืืชืืื ืืืขืืชืืื ืืื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืงืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืจืื ืืกืืืขืชื ืืคืืจืงื ื ืืฉืืื ืขืืืืื ืืขืื ื ืืขื ืงืืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืขืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืขืฉื ืฉืืื ืขืืื ื ืืขื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื: ืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ื ืื ืขืฉืจื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืืชืจ ืฉืขืืกืงืื ืืชืืืื ืชืืจื ืฉืขื ืคื ืืืคืืื ืืืืจืฉืืช ืื ืืืืืืช ืืฉืื ืืกืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืื ืงืืืฉ ืื ืืกื ืื: ืืชืืื ืืืชืงืืฉ ืฉืืื ืจืื ืืขืชืื ืืืืชื ืขืืื ืืืืืืื ืืชืืื ืืืืืคืจืง ืืืื ืืืืืื ื ืงืจืชื ืืืจืืฉืื ืืืฉืืืื ืืืืื ืงืืืฉื ืืืืืขืงืจ ืคืืืื ื ื ืืืจืื ืื ืืจืขื ืืืืชืื ืคืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ืืืชืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืืชืื ืืื' ืขื ืื ืืืชื ืืืืืจื ืืขืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืขื ืจืื ื ืืขื ืชืืืืืืืื ืืขื ืชืืืื ืชืืืืืืืื ืืขืกืงืื ืืืืจืืืชื ืื ืืืชืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืชืจ ืืืชืจ ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ื ืืืกืื ืืจืืื ืืกืืืขืชื ืืจืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืืื' ืืืื ืื ืงืจื ืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ื:",
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"ืื ืืื ื ืืืชืื ื ืื ืคืืืช ืคื ืื ืืืืจืื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืื ืคืขืืื ืืืืื ืืคืขืืื ืืืงืฆืชื ืืคืืื ืื ื ืืืจืข ืืืฉืชืืื ืืืชืื ื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืื ืขื ืฆืืงืืชืื ื ืื ืื ื ืืคืืืื ืชืื ืื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ืื ืขื ืจืืืื ืืจืืื ืื' ืฉืืขื ืื' ืกืืื ืื' ืืงืฉืืื ืืขืฉื ืื ืชืืืจ ืื ื ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืืฉื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืื ื ืฆืืืง ืืืื ื ืขืืื ื ืืืจืฉืขื ื ืืืจืื ื ืืกืจื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืืืฉืคืืื ืื ืื' ืืฆืืงื ืืื ื ืืฉืช ืืคื ืื ืืืฉืืจื ืคื ืื ื ืืคื ื ืืืืชืื ื ืื ืืคืคื ืงืืืชื ื ืืคื ื ืืฉืืืชืื ื ืืื ืื ื ืคื ืืืฉืื ืืื ืืฆื ืืืจืื ืจืืฉ ืืืื ืืืฉืชื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืคื ื ืืืื ืื ืขืืื ืืชืื ื ืจืื ืขื ืืืขืื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉืืชื ื ืืืื ืขื ืืฉืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืขืฉืื ืขืฉื ืขืื ื ืฆืืงื ืืืขื ืฉืื ืืืืฉืืขื ื ืืื ืฉืืืืืชื ื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืืขื ืฉืื ืืืจืื ืืคื ืืชืืืชื ืืืื ืื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืชื ืื ืืืขื ืื ืื ื ืขืืฉื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืื ืื ืืฉื ืงืืฉื ืืฉืจ ืืืืชื ืืืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืชื ืฉื ืื ืื ื ืื' ืื ืื ื ืื ืืฉืื ืชื ืืืื ืขื ืืกืื ืขื ืืืชื ืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืื ื ื ืืืืืื ืื ื ืื' ืื ืชืคื ืื ืงืฉื ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืจืฉืขื ืืื ืืืืชื ืกืื ื ื ืืขืื ืืขื ืืื ืืืืื ืืกืื ืืืืฉืจ ื ืฉืืชื ืืขื ืืื ืืืฆืจืื ืืขื ืื ื ืืกืืืช ืืขืื ื ื ืื ืจื ืืื ืื' ืฉืืขื ืื' ืกืืื ืื' ืืงืฉืืื ืืขืฉื ืืื ืชืืืจ ืืืขื ื ืืืื ืื ืฉืื ื ืงืจื ืขื ืขืืจื ืืขื ืขืื:",
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"ื ืืื ืืขื ืืืชืื ื ืืืจ ื ืคืืืช ืคื ืื ืืฉืืืืื ืคื ืื ืื ืืงืจืงืข ืืคืกืืงืื ืืื: ืืื ืื ื ืื ื ืืข ืื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืขืืื ืขืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืจืืืื ืื' ืืืกืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืื ืชืืืืจ ืื ื ืขืื ืืช ืจืืฉืื ืื ืืืจ ืืงืืืื ื ืจืืืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืงืืื ืขืืจืชื ืื ื ืืคืื ื ืืืขื ืืกืื ืืื ืืกืื ืื' ืขืืื ื ืืืฉืจ ืืืื ื ืื ืื ืขืื ืืช ืชืฉืืจ ืื ืื' ืื ืืขืืื ืื ืขืื ืืกืืืื ืืืขื ืชืืจื ืื' ืืืฉืืขื ืืืื ืืขื ื ื ืืืื ืงืจืื ื ืื ืืื ืืืข ืืฆืจื ื ืืืืจ ืื ืขืคืจ ืื ืื ื ืขืืจื ื ืืืื ืืฉืขื ื ืขื ืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืื ืืืฆืืื ื ืืืคืจ ืขื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืขื ืฉืื: ืืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืืชืื ื ืืืจ ืกืืจ ืืืื ืืชืื ืื ืื ืืื: ืื' ืืืื ืืืจืื ืืฆืืง ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืชืื ื ืฉืืจื ืืืช ืืขืืื ืืืฆืจ ืืืฉืืืช ืืื ืขืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืจืืื ืืืคืจ ืขืื ืืื' ืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืกืื ืืจื ืืกื ืืื ืงืืจืืื ืฆืืงืชื ืฆืืง ืืขืืื ืืชืืจืชื ืืืช ืื ืื ืืืื ื ืืฉื ืขืื ืืขืืืจ ืขื ืคืฉืข ืืฉืื ืืจืืื ื ืืืืืฉ ืขืืื ืืชืื ื ืืื' ืืจืื ืื' ืืื ืืื ืืขืืก ืื ื ืืื ืืฉืืขืชื ื ืกืื ืื' ืฆืืืืช ืขืื ื ืืฉืื ืื ื ืืืื ืืขืงื ืกืื ืื' ืฆืืืืช ืืฉืจื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืื ื ื ืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืืจืื ืฉืืจืื ื ืืืืืื ืืืืืืื ื ืื ืืชืืขืื ืื ืชื ืื ื ืชืืจืช ืืืชืข\"ืืืฉื ืจืืื ื ืืืื ืขืืื ื ืืข ืืชืืื ื ืืจืืื ืืคืชื ืืื ื ืืชืืืื ืชืืจืชื ืืืชื ืืืื ื ืืืืชื ืืืจืืชื ืืชืืจืชื ืืขืฉืืช ืจืฆืื ื ืืืขืืืื ืืืื ืฉืื ืืื ืคืฉ ืืคืฆื ืืืขื ืื ื ืืืข ืืจืืง ืืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืจืืืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืฉื ืืื ืืฉืืืจ ืืงืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืจืฉ ืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืขื ืืืืจื ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืื' ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืฆืื ืืืจื ืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืฆืืจื ืืืืืื:",
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70 |
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"ื ืืื ืืงืฆืช ืืขื ืืงืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจ ืชืื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืจ ืืืืืจ ืฉืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืช ืืืงืืฉ ืืืืชื ืืืื ืืงืืจืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื' ื ืคืฉื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืืืจ ืืงืืจืื ืืืจ ืจืื ืืืขืืจ ืืืจ ืจืื ืื ืื ื ืชืืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืืื ืฉืืื ืืื' ืืื ืืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืื ื ื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืฉืืขื ื ืื ืืืืืื ื ืื ืืืืื ื ื ืื ืืืืื ื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืืืฉืืขื ื ื ืืื ืืืืืื ื ื ืืื ืืืืื ื ื ื ืืื ืืืืื ื ื ืืื ืืืืฉืืขื ื ืืชื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ื ืืชื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืชื ืืื ืืืฉืืขื ื ืืชื ืชืงืื ืชืจืื ืฆืืื ืื ืขืช ืืื ื ื ืื ืื ืืืขื ืื ืฆืืืงืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืื ืืฉืจืื ืืช ืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืืืขื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืขืืืช ืืืจืฉืื ืื' ืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืฉื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ื ื ืื ืืฉื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืขืืื ืืขื",
|
71 |
+
"ืืืจ ืืืจื ื ืืกืคืจ ืืื ืฉืืืื ืืฉืืชืืช ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืื ืืื ืชืคืื ืฉืืข ืืจืืืช ืฉืืฉ ืจืืฉืื ืืช ืืฉืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืืช ืืืฆืขืืช ืืขืื ืืืื ืืืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืฉื ืืืื ืืชืคืื ืืืืฆืข ืฉืืฉ ืืจืืืช ืืืชืคืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืืื ืื ืืฆื ืืชืคืื ืืืืกืฃ ืืฉื ื ืืืื ืืื ืชืฉืข ืืจืืืช ืืืืืกืฃ ืจืืฉ ืืืฉ ืืืืืกืฃ ืืืื ืฉื ืืืขื ืืชืคืื ืฉืืข ืฉืืฉ ืจืืฉืื ืืช ืืฉืืฉ ืืืจืื ืืช ืืืจืื ืืืช ืืืืฆืข:"
|
72 |
+
],
|
73 |
+
[
|
74 |
+
"ื. ืืืื ื ืืกื ืื ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฆืขืืืช:",
|
75 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืืืื ืฉืืช ืืชื ืงืืฉืช ืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืฉืื ืชืืืืช ืืขืฉื ืฉืืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืจืืชื ืืื ืืืืื ืืงืืฉืชื ืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืืืื ืืช ืืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืงืืฉ ืืืชื ืืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืจืฆื ื ื ืืื ืืืชื ื ืืื' ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืืืฆืจ ืืฉืื ืืฉื ืืืชื ืช ืืืงื ืื ืขืื ื ืืื ืงืจืืช ืื ืืืื ืชืคืืจืช ืืจืืฉื ื ืชืช ืืขืืื ืืคื ืื ืขื ืืจ ืกืื ื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืฉื ื ืืืืืช ืืื ืื ืืืชืื ืืื ืฉืืืจืช ืฉืืช ืืื ืืชืื ืืชืืจืชื ืืฉืืจื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืื' ืืฉืืื ืืืืืืชื ืฉืืืจื ืฉืืช ืงืืจืื ืขืื ื ืขื ืืงืืฉื ืฉืืืขื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืจืฆื ื ื ืืื ืืืชื ื ืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ",
|
76 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืฉืืช ืืืฉื ืฆืืืช ืขื ืืจ ืกืื ื ืืฆืืช ืฉืืช ืฉืืืจ ืืืืืจ ืืื ืฆืืืชื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืงืจืื ืื ืงืจืื ืืืกืฃ ืืจืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืฉืชืขืื ื ืืืจืฆื ื ืืื' ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืงืจืื ืื' ืขื ืขื ืืื ืืฉื ืขืืื ืืื ื ืชืชื ืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืจืฆืืช ืืื ืื ืืืชื ื ืืืื ื ืืขืืืื ืืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืฉืื ื ืขืจืืื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ื ืชืชื ืืจืข ืืฉืืจืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืืจืช ืืืืช ืืืื ืืืชื ืงืจืืช ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืจืฆื ื ื ืืื ืืืชื ื ืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืื ืืช ืฉืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฅ ืขืืจืช ืชืืื ืืขืืจืช ืืฉืืขื ืืขืื ื ืชืช ืืืจืื ืืื ืืฆืืง ืืจื ื ืืขืงื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืื ืฉืืืื ืฉืืชื ืจืืฆื ืื ืืืืจื ืื ืื ืืืืขื ืื ืืืชื ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืชื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืื ืชืื ืฆืจื ืืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืืชื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืื':",
|
77 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืจ\"ื ืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืขืื ื ืชืช ืืื ืืคืจื ืืื ืชืืืืืชื ืืืืืชื ืืงืจืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืจืฆืื ืืฉืขืืจื ืืืืช ืืืคืจ ืืขืื ืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืชืฉืืขืช ื ืคืฉื ืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืฆืืื ืชืืื ืืขืืืช ืจืืฉ ืืืฉ ื ืขืื ืขืืื ืฉืืจื ืืื ื ืฉืืข ืืขืืจื ืืืืืจืื ืืคื ื ืืืืื ืืืืช ืขืืื ืชืืื ืืื ืืืจืืช ืืืืช ืืื ืื ืชืืืืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืคื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืจืฆื ื ืื ืชืจืืงื ื ืืขื ืืืืชื ื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืฉืชืขืื ื ืืืจืฆื ื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืจืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืื ืื' ืขืืข\"ืืืฉื ืขืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืฉืชืืืฉ ืขืืื ื ืืช ืจืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืื ืืืืกื ืืืจืืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืื ืงืฅ ืืกืืฃ ืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืฆืจืืชืื ื ืชืืื ืืจืืฉ ืืคืืืช ื ืคืฉื ื ืื ืืขืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืืืืช ืืืจืช ืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืื ื ืชืช ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืจืืฉ ืืืฉ ืฉืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืช ืืชื ืืฆืจืช ืขืืืื ืืงืื ืืืืช ืืืืืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืืขื ืืืจืช ืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืจืฆืืช ืื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืช ืืงืืฉืชื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืงืจืืชื ื ืืืื ื ืืขืืืืชื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืขืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืืชืชื ืื ื ืื' ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืื ื ืฉืืชืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉ ืืืฉ ืืื ืืืคืจ ืืขืื ื ืฉืืืื ื ืืคื ืื ืืืคื ื ืืืืื ื ืืื' ืขื ืืืืกืคืื ืืืืืชื ืืืช ืืืกืคื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืจืืฉ ืืืืฉ ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืงืจืื ืืช ืงืจืื ืืช ืืืืืชืื ื ืชืืืืื ืืกืืจื ืืืฆืืช ืจืฆืื ื ืืื ืฉืืชืืช ืขืืื ื ืืชืืจืชื ืขื ืืื ืืฉื ืขืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืฉืชืืืฉ ืืื' ืขื ืืคืืืช ื ืคืฉื ื ืจืฆื ื ื ืืื ืืืชื ื ืืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืื' ืขื ืืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืจืืฉื ืืืฉืื:",
|
78 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืืื ืืื ืฉื ืคืกื ืขืจืืืช ืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืจืชื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืช ืืืชื ื ืืจืฆืืช ืื ื ืืื ืืืฉืื ืืช ืืงืืฉืชื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืงืจืืชื ื ืืืื ื ืืขืืืืชื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืขืืื ื ืงืจืืช ืืชืชื ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืขืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉืฉืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืจืืชื ื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืขืื ืืืื ืื' ืืืฉืืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืช ืืจืืช ืืืขืืื ืืืืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืจืช ืืจืฆืืช ืืืจืื ื ืื ืชืืจืื ื ืกืื ืืชื ืืืงื ื ืืชืืจืชื ืืฉืื ื ืคืฉื ื ืืืฉืืขืชื ืืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืื:",
|
79 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืืคืกื ืืชื ืืืจืชื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืื' ืขื ืืืจ ืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืคื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืจืฆื ื ืื ืชืจืืงื ื ืืขื ืืืืชื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืืขืืืช ืืืจืืืช ืืืืฉืชืืืืช ืืคื ืื ืืืืช ืืืืจืชื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืฉื ืงืจื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืคื ื ืืื ืฉื ืฉืชืืื ืืืงืืฉื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืฉืชืฉืื ืืชืจืื ืขืืื ืืขืืื ื ืืจืืืื ืืจืืื ืืชืงืืฅ ืคืืืจืื ื ืืืื ืืืืื ืื ืคืืฆืืชืื ื ืื ืก ืืืจืืชื ืืจืฅ ืืืืืื ื ืืฆืืื ืขืืจื ืืจื ื ืืืืจืืฉืืื ืืืช ืืงืืฉื ืืฉืืืช ืขืืื ืืฉื ื ืขืฉื ืืคื ืื ืืช ืงืจืื ืืช ืืืืืชืื ื ืชืืืืื ืืกืืจื ืืืืกืคืื ืืืืืชื ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืงืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืจืฆืื ื ืืื ืฉืืชืืช ืขืืื ื ืืชืืจืชืืข\"ืืืฉื ืขืืื ืืื ืจืืื ืจืื ืขืืื ื ืืื' ืืืฉืืื ื ืืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืกื ืืื ืืื ืืชืคืื ืืื ืฉืืืขืืช ืืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืื ืืกืจืื ืืืื ืืชืจ ืืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ืืืืจ ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืช ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ืืื ืืชื ืชืืจืชื ื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืืืจ ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืฉืืืขืืช ืืื ืืื ืืกืืืืช ืืื ืืืืจ ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืื ืืกืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืชื ื ืืืืื ืืื' ืืืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืืืืจ ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืช ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืขืฆืจืช ืืื ืืื ืฉืืืชื ื ืื' ืืื ืืืืกืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืืื ื ืื':",
|
80 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืช ืืืืจ ืืชื ืืืจืชื ื ืื' ืขื ืืชืชื ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืฉืืชืืช ืืื ืืื ืืืขืืื ืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืื ืืฉืฉืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืช ืืื ืคืืื ื ืื' ืืื ืืืืกืฃ ืืืืจ ืืืช ืืืกืคื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืื' ืืขื ืืจื ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืฉืืช ืืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืืืื\"ื ืื ืืื ืืืืืช ืืฉืืช ืืื ืืฉืืจ ืชืคืืืช ืืื ืืืืกืฃ ืืืืชื ืืื ืืชืคืืืช ืฉื ืฉืืฉ ืจืืืื ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืืชื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืื\"ื",
|
81 |
+
"ืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ื ืืื ืจืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืขื ืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืืืืกืืฃ ืืื ืชืคืื ืืขืฉืจืช ืืืืื ืืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืืกืืคืื ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืืจืื ืืืืกืืคืื ืืืจืื ืฉื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืื ืืจืืืื ืืืืจ ืืฆืืจืื ืืจืืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืกืืคืื ืืืจืืช ื\"ื ืืืืจ ืจืืืื ืืื' ืืืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืืืกืืคืื ืืืกืคืจ ืืืื ืืื' ืืืชืคืืช ื ืขืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืฆืื ืืืืจ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืืจืื ืืืจื ื ืืืืื ืืชืื ื ืืื ืืื ืืชืืกืคืืช ืื ืื ืืงืืืืช ืืืฉ ืืงืืืืช ืฉื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืกืืคื ืืืจ: ืื ืื ืคืฉืื ืฉืืืจืืื ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืื ืืกื ืื ืืฉื ื ืืืื ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืื ืชืคืื ืืชืคืื ืืืจืืข ืืชืคืืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืืงืฆืช ืืืจื ืืืชื ืืืืชื ืื ืืกื ืืื ืชืคืื ืืชืคืื ืืืืฉ ืชืคืืืช ืฉื ืืื\"ื ืืืื ื ืืกืื: ืืชื ืงืืืฉ ืืฉืื ืงืืืฉ ืืงืืืฉืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืกืื ืืืื ืชื ืคืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขื ืื ืืขืฉืื ืืืืืชื ืขื ืื ืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืืขืฉืื ืืืฉืชืืื ืืคื ืื ืื ืืืจืืืื ืืืขืฉื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืืช ืืขืฉืืช ืจืฆืื ื ืืืื ืฉืื ืื' ืืืื ืชื ืืืื ืืขืื ืชืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืชืงืื ืืืื ืืืืจืฉืื ืืคืชืืื ืคื ืืืืืืื ืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืฆื ืฉืฉืื ืืขืืจื ืืฆืืืืช ืงืจื ืืืื ืขืืื ืืขืจืืืช ื ืจ ืืื ืืฉื ืืฉืืื ืืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืื ืฆืืืงืื ืืจืื ืืืฉืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืืขืืืื ืืืกืืืื ืื' ืืืชืื ืืืืจื ืงืืฉื ืืืืื ืื' ืืขืืื ืืืืื ืฆืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืจ ืืืืืื ืืืชืื ืืืืื ืื' ืืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ืืงืืืฉ ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืขืจืืืช ืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืชื ืืืจืชื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืื' ืืชืชื ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืจืื ืชืจืืขื ืืืืื ืืืจ ืืืฆืืืช ืืฆืจืื ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืขืื ืืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืขื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืืงืจื ืืืืคืข ืืืืจ ืืืื ืขืืื ืขื ืื ืืืฉืื ืชืื ืืจืฆื ืืืืข ืื ืคืขืื ืื ืืชื ืคืขืืชื ืืืืื ืื ืืฆืืจ ืื ืืชื ืืฆืจืชื ืืืืืจ ืื ืืฉืจ ืจืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืคื ืื' ืืื' ืงืืฉื ื ืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื:",
|
82 |
+
"ืืจืื ืจืืฉืื ื ืืฉืืฉ ืืจืืืช ืืืฆืขืืืช ืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืชื ืืืจืชื ื ืืืคื ื ืืืืื ื ืื' ืืืช ืืืกืคื ืื' ืืื ืฉืืชืื ืขืืื ื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืชืช ืืืืื ืืืืฆืจ ืืจืืฉืืช ืฉืื ืขืฉื ื ืืืืื ืืืจืฆืืช ืืื' ืืืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืคื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืขื ื ืืฉืื ืืฉืจ ืืงืื ืขื ืืฉืืจื ืขืืื ืืืืขื ืจื ื ืืช ืืขื ืืคืขืืื ืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืื ื ืืืงืื ืขื ืื ื ืงืื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืจืืืช ืืืจื ืืชืคืืจืช ืขืืื ืืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืจืช ืขืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืฉืคื ืื ืืฆืืจื ืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืจืืื ื ืืจืื ืื ืขื ืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืื ืขืื ืื ื ืื ืชืืืืืช ืืื' ืืจืื ืฉื ืืื ืืชื ืืืืจ ืืขืฉื ืขืืื ืืคืืงื ืื ืืฆืืจื ืงืื ืื' ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืฉืืืืช ืืชื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืคื ื ืืกื ืืืืื ืืขืงืืช ืืฆืืง ืืืจืขื ืชืืืืจ ืืื' ืืืื ืืจืช ืขืืื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืฉืคื ืื ืืฆืืจื ืขืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืื ืืขืืืื ืื ืืื ืื ืจืืื ื ืืจืื ืื ืขื ืื ืื ืื' ืืจืื ืฉืืืฉืืช ืืชื ื ืืืืช ืืขื ื ืืืืื ืขื ืขื ืงืืฉื ืืืืจ ืขืื ืื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืขืชื ืงืืื ืื' ืื ืืชื ืฉืืืข ืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืฉืืืข ืชืจืืขื ืืืื ืืจืช ืขืืื ืื' ืืืชืื ืืืขืื:",
|
83 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืฆืื ืืื ืืืคืืจืื ืืขืจืืืช ืืฉืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืื ืขืืื ืืชื ืืืจืชื ื ืื' ืืชืชื ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืช ืืื\"ื ืืื ืืืช ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืืืืืื ืืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืขืื ืืืืื ืืืืข ืืจืื ืืืจืฆื ืืฉืืข ืืืคืงื ืืืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืืืจืื ื ื ืืืจืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืจืื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืืืจืื ืืฉืื ืื ืืื ืืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืืขืื ืืชืื ื ืืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืื' ืงืืฉื ื ืื' ืืืืจื ืืืช ืืงืืื ืื' ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืฅ ืืื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืืื' ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืฉื ืืืกืฃ ืืชื ืืืจืชื ื ืืืคื ื ืืืืื ื ืืืช ืืืกืคื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ื ืขืฉื ืื ืงืจืื ืืคื ืื ืืืฆืืช ืจืฆืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืืขืื ืืชืื ื ืืืื ืฆืื ืืืคืืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืขืืจ ืคืฉืขืื ื ืื' ืขื ืืืืืขืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืขื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืื ืฉื ืขื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื ืืืจืฅ ืืืงืจื ืืืืคืข ืืืืจ ืืืื ืขืืื ืืื' ืขื ืืืืืืชื ืืื ืืฉืื ืงืืฉื ื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืชื ืืืงื ื ืืชืืจืชื ืืฉืืขื ื ืืืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืฉืืขืชื ืืืืจ ืืื ื ืืขืืื ืืืืช ืืืืจื ืื' ืขื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืืื ืืืคืืจืื ื ืืื ืืขื ืืื ืชืคืืืช ืืืืกืคืื ืืฉืืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืชืืช ืขืืื ื ืืชืืจืชื ืขื ืืื ืืฉื ืขืืื ืืืืืจ ืงืจืื ืืช ืืืชื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืื ืืชืืืื ืืชืืจื ืืงืืจื ืืืชื ืืคืกืืงืื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจ ืืืื ืฉืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืชืืช ืขืืื ื ืืชืืจืชื ืฉืื ืืื ื ืฆืจืื:"
|
84 |
+
],
|
85 |
+
[
|
86 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืืืืื:",
|
87 |
+
"ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืชืื ืืคื ืื ืชืคืืชื ื ืืื ืชืชืขืื ืืชืื ืชื ื ืฉืืื ืื ื ืขืื ืคื ืื ืืงืฉื ืขืืจืฃ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืฆืืืงืื ืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื ื ืืืืืชืื ื ืืฉืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืจื ื ืืืคื ืืขืืื ื ืืืจืฉืขื ื ืืื ื ืืืกื ื ืื' ืขื ืื ืืืช ืขืฉืืช ืืื ืื ื ืืจืฉืขื ื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืฉื ืืจืื ืืื ื ืกืคืจ ืืคื ืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืงืื ืืื ืื ืกืชืจืืช ืืื ืืืืช ืืชื ืืืืข ืืชื ืืืืข ืจืื ืขืืื ืืชืขืืืืืช ืกืชืจื ืื ืื ืืชื ืืืคืฉ ืื ืืืจื ืืื ืืืืื ืืืืืช ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืจ ื ืขืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืกืชืจ ืื ืื ืขืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืฉืชืืืื ืื ื ืขื ืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืชืืคืจ ืื ื ืขื ืื ืขืื ืืชืื ื ืืชืกืื ืื ื ืขื ืื ืคืฉืขืื ื: ืขื ืืื ืฉืืืื ื ืืคื ืื ืืืื ืก ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืื ืืขืช ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืืื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืขืช ืืืืจืื ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืจืืืจ ืืื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืืืื ืคื ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืืื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืืืง ืื ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืืืืช ืฉืคืชืื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืฆืจ ืืจืข ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืืืขืื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืื ืืืืขืื ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืืฉ ืืืืื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืฉืื ืืจืข ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืืจืืืช ืืขืื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืื ืฉื ืืืืจืืืช ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืฉืื ืฉืคืชืืชืื ื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืขืื ืื ืจืืืช ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืคืชืืื ืคื ืืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืฆืขืื ืจืืืื ืข\"ื ืฉ\"ื ืืงืคืืฆืช ืื ืืข\"ื ืฉื\"ื ืืจืฆืื ืืืืขืช ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ื ืืฉืืื ืืข\"ื ืฉื\"ื ืืชืืืื ืืื ืขื ืืืืื ืฉืื ื ืืืืืื ืขืืืื ืืืืช ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืขืืื (ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืงืจืื) ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืืฉื ืืืื ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืืฉื ืชืืื ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืงืจืื ืขืืื ืืืืจื ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืขืฉื ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืื ืชืขืฉื ืฉื ืชืงื ืืขืฉื ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืืืชื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืืจืช ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืืืงืืช ืข\"ื ืฉื\"ืข ืืจืืข ืืืชืืช ืืืช ืืื ืกืงืืื ืฉืจืืคื ืืจื ืืื ืง ืขื ืืืืืื ืื ื ืืขื ืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืืืืื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืืจื ืื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืชื ืืืืข ืื ืื ืกืชืจืืช ืืืชืื ืื ืกืชืจืืช ืืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืืืช ืื ื ืืืื ืื ื ืขื ืขืืื ืืื' ืื ืืชื ืกืืืื ืืืฉืจืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืืืืื ืืฉืืื ืืฉืืจืื ืืืืืขืืื ืืื ืื ื ืืื ืืืื ืืกืืื ืืืื ืขื ืฉืื ื ืืฆืจืชื ืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืืฉืื ืฉื ืืฆืจืชื ืืืื ืื ื ืืฆืจืชื ืขืคืจ ืื ื ืืืื ืงื ืืืืืจ ืืืืชืชื ืืจื ืื ื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉื ืืืืืื ืืื ืจืฆืื ืืืคื ืื ืฉืื ืืืื ืขืื ืืื ืฉืืืืชื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืจืืื ืืื ืืืข\"ืืืกืืจืื ืืืื ืืจืฆืื ืืืจื ืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืฆืืจื ืืืืืื:",
|
88 |
+
"ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืชืืื ืืขืจืืืช ืฉืืจืืช ืืืืกืฃ ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืื ืืื ืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืื ืฉืืืืื ืืืืจ ืืืืื ืื ืืืจ ืชืคืืชื ืืืจ ืฉืืืืจ ืฉืื ืฉืืื ืงืืื ืฉืืคืกืืข ืฉืืฉ ืคืกืืขืืช ืืฉืืื ืฆืืืืจ ืืืืจื ืืชืื ืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืงืืื ืฉืืืืจ ืืืืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืื ืืขืื ืืชืื ื ืืชืืื ืืืืื ืืกืืจ ืืื ืืื\"ื ืืืืจ ืืืื ืืขืื ืืชืื ื ืืืื ืฆืื ืืืคืืจืื:",
|
89 |
+
"ืื ืขืืื ืืชืืื ืืกืืจ ืืื: ืื. ื ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืืืฉื ืืจืื ืื' ืื ืขืื ืืชืื ื ืจืื ืืืื ืืช ืื' ืื ืื ื ืื ืืืื ื ืื ืืกืื ื ืื ืฆืืงื ื ืื ืืขืฉืื ื ืื ื ืืืจ ืืคื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืื ืืืืืจืื ืืืื ืืคื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืืฉื ืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืืืข ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืื ืื ืืขืฉืื ื ืชืื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืืืชืื ืืืืชืจ ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืื ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืชื ืืืืืช ืื ืืฉ ืืจืืฉ ืืชืืืจืื ืืขืืื ืืคื ืื ืื ืื ืืืืจ ืื ืื ืชืขืฉื ืืื ืืฆืืง ืื ืืชื ืื ืืชืชื ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืช ืืื\"ื ืืื ืงืฅ ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืชืื ื ืืืขื ื ืืื ืืขืืฉืง ืืืื ื ืื ืฉืื ืืขืฉืืช ืืืงื ืจืฆืื ื ืืื ืฉืื ืืืืจ ืฉื ืืืจ ืืจืฉื ืื' ืืืืฆืื ืงืจืืืื ืืืืืชื ืงืจืื ืืขืืื ืจืฉืข ืืจืื ืืืืฉ ืืื ืืืฉืืืชืื ืืืฉืื ืื ืื' ืืืจืืืื ืืื ืืืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืกืืื ืืืชื ืืืื ืกืืืืืช ืืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืจืืื ืืจื ืืคืื ืืจื ืืกื ืืจืื ืืืืื ืจืืฆื ืืชืฉืืืชื ืฉื ืจืฉืขืื ืืืื ืืชื ืืคืฅ ืืืืชืชื ืืืชืื ืื ืื ื ื ืื ืื' ืื ืืืคืืฅ ืืืืช ืืจืฉืข ืื ืื ืืฉืื ืจืฉืข ืืืจืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืฉืืื ืืืจืืืื ืืจืขืื ืืืื ืชืืืชื ืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืงืืื ื ืืืืื ืื ื ืืกืื ืืืืื ืืกืื ืืืื ืืจืฆืื ืืืจื ืคื ืืืืืื ืืื ืืคื ืื ืื' ืื' ืขืืฉื ืฉืืื ืืื':"
|
90 |
+
],
|
91 |
+
[
|
92 |
+
"ื ืืกื ืืจืืช ืืืืื: ",
|
93 |
+
"ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืช ืืขืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืืืืกื ืืืจืืืื ืืืคืจื ืก ืืื ืืืืืจ ืคืืชื ืืช ืืื ืืืฉืืืข ืืื ืื ืจืฆืื ืืืืื ืืืื ืืื ืืจืืืชืื ืืฉืจ ืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืื ืืจืื ืืืื ื ืื ืื ืืืช ืืช ืืืืชืื ื ืืจืฅ ืืืื ืืืื ืืจืืื ืืจืืช ืืชืืจื ืขื ืฉืืืฆืืชื ื ืืืจืฅ ืืฆืจืื ืืคืืืชื ื ืืืืช ืขืืืื ืขื ืชืืจืชื ืฉืืืืชื ื ืขื ืืืงื ืจืฆืื ื ืฉืืืืขืชื ื ืขื ืืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืื ื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืจืืื ืืช ืฉืื ืืืืืจ ืืืืืช ืืฉืืขืช ืืืจืืช ืืช ืื' ืืืืื ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืืืื ืืฉืจ ื ืชื ืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืขื ืืืจืฅ ืืขื ืืืืื ืจืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืขื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขืืจื ืืขื ืฆืืื ืืฉืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืืืช ืืืืื ืืืงืืืฉ ืฉื ืงืจื ืฉืื ืขืืื ืืืืืืช ืืื ืืฉืืื ืชืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืืืื ื ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืงืจืื ืืืฉืจ ืืืจืช ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ื ืืจืืืื ืืช ืืจืืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ื ืืืืจื ื ืืืจืื ื ืืืืื ื ืงืืืฉื ื ืงืืืฉ ืืขืงื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืื ื ืื ืืืกื ืืจืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืจืืื ืืฉืชืื ืืืืจ ืืืจืื ืืจืืื ืืชืคืืจ ืื ืฆื ื ืฆืืื ืืจืืื ืืืื ื ืืืืืช ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืื ืืืช ืืืงืืฉ ืืืืื ืืขืืื ืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืขืืช ืืืื ืืื' ืืคืืจืื ืจืฉื ืืจืขืื ืืื' ืืืื ืืื' ืื ืืื ืื ืืขืืื ืืกืื:",
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94 |
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"ืืืคืืืจ ืื ืืื ืืืจื ืืคื ืื: ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืจืฆื ืืืืจืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืืืช ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืืจ ืืชืืจื ืืืืฉื ืขืืื ืืืืฉืจืื ืขืื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืช ืืืฆืืง ืืืืจื ืืืืจืื: ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืื ืืขืืื ืฆืืจ ืื ืืขืืืืื ืฆืืืง ืืื ืืืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืื ืืืืืจ ืืขืืฉื ืืืืจ ืืืงืืื ืืฉืจ ืื ืืืจืื ืืืช ืืฆืืง ื ืืื ืืชื ืืื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืืืจ ืื ืืฉืื ืจืืงื ืื ืื ื ืืื ืืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืื ืจืื ืขื ืฆืืื ืื ืืื ืืืช ืืืื ื ืืืขืืืืช ื ืคืฉ (ืชืืฉืืข) ืืืจื ืืืืื ื ืืชืื ื ืืืจื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืืช ืฆืื ืืื ืขืืื ืืืจื ืชืฆืืื ืืงืจื ื ืชืจืื ืืืฉืืขืชื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืชืืจื ืืขื ืืขืืืื ืืขื ืื ืืืืื ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืื ืฉื ืชืช ืื ื ืื' ืืืืื ื ืืงืืืฉื ืืืืื ืืืชืคืืจืช ืขื ืืื ืื ื ืืืจืืื ืฉืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืจ ืืขื ืืื ืืื ืืงืจื ืงืืฉ ืืื ืฉื ืชืช ืื ื ืืฉืฉืื ืืืฉืืื ืืจืื ืืชื ืื' ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืืื ืืื ืฉืืช ืืืื ืืื ืืืื ืฉื ืืื ืืืืชื ืืงืืฉ ืืฉืืช ืืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืื ืื ืืกื ืฉืืื ืืืชื ืืชืคืื ืืืจืื ืืืฆืขืืช ืืืืชื ืืืื ืื ืืื ืืืชื ืืืจืื ืืืจืื ื ืื:",
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95 |
+
"(ืืขื ืืื ืืช ืฉื ืืื ืจืื ืืขื ืืงืจืืช ืื ืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืืช ืืฉืืช ืืืคืืืจืื ืืื ืืืื ืื): ืืจืืฉืืช ืื ืขืืื ืืชืื ืื ืขื ืืื ืืืืจืื ืขืฉืืชืื ืืื ืขืืืชืื ืืืฉืขืื ืชืืืืืช ื ื ืจื ื ืขืงืจื ืื ืืืื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืืฉืขื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืชืืืืื ื ืืืฉืื ืขื ืื ืื ื ืื' ืืขื ื ืืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืขืื ืืืจื ืืืื ืืืฉื ืืืช ืื ืฉื ืื ื ืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืฉื ืืช ืื ื ืืชืฆื ืืืืืื ืืืืื ืืื ืฉืจื ืชืืืช ืืกืคืจ ืขื ืืื ืืืื ื ืืืื ืืขืืื ืืืืืื ืชืืืืืช ืืฆืืง ืืฉื ืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืขืจืื ืืื' ืื ืืช ืืื' ืืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ืืืฆื ืืขืงื ืืขืื ืชืืืืื ืืืฉืืืชื ืขื ืืื ืืื ืืขืื ืืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ืืืฉืื ืืขืงื ืืืื ืขืืืืื ืขื ืกืืฃ ืกืคืจื ืืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ืืืฉื ืืขืงื ืขื ืฉืืฉื ืคืฉืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืจืื ืฉืื ืื ืื ืืืจื ืืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ืืืื ืืงืฅ ืืืืงืฅ ืฉืืื ืืื ื ืืืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืื ืืืืืื ืืืืฉ ืืืื ืืืชื ืื ืืื ืงื ืื ืขืฅ ืืื ืขื ืืืืขื ืืืืื ืื ืื ื ืื' ืืืืืงืื ืืืื ืืขืงื ืืืงืจืื ืืื ืืื ืืืืช ืขื ืืฉืืื ืืฉื ืขื ืืกื ืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืื ืฉืืืช ืื ืืื ืืืืข ืืช ืืจืืฉืืื ืขื ืืืฆื ืื ืฉื ืืืืืงืื ืืืจื (ืืื ืืืื ืขืื ืืืืช) ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฆืืื ืงืจื ืืืืช ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืงืื ืื ืื ืคืจืขื ืืฉื ืืฆืจืื ืขื ืืฉืจ ืืจืื ื' ืฆืืืืช ืืืฉืขืื ืืืื ืืฉืื ืฉืืจืช ืืืืจื ืื ืืืื ืข ืืืืื ืขื ืืชืฉืงืื ืืืจืฅ ืืจืืขืื ืฉื ื ืืฉืืคืืื ืืืฉืืข ืืชืจื ืืฉื ืช ืืืช ืืืื ืขืืืืื ืขื ืืืจืื ืืืฉืจื ืืืฉืขืื ืืืื ืืืฉืคืืื ืืืืจ ืืฉืจ ืืื ืื ืืจืืืื ืขื ืื ืืืจืช ืืืฉ ืืืื ืื ืื ืจืื ืืืจืืื: ืืืงืื ืื ืืื' ื ืชื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ืขื ืืฉืื ืชื ืืชืื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืืื ืืืชื ืชืฆืื ืืื ืืช ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืช ืืืืช ืขื ืืจืฆืืชื ืืชืื ืืืืืงืื ืื ืชืฉื ืืืืจ ืื' ืืืชื ืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืื ืืืงืื ืืืฉืื ืืืื ืฉืืื ืืืงื ืืช ืืืจื ืืฆืจ ืขื ืืชืชื ืืืืืช ืืืืืื ืืืื ืคืงืืื ืืืขืฉ ืืืจื ืขื ืืืคืชืืช ืืืืชืืช ืืืืช ืืืงืจื ืขื ืื ืืฆืจืชื ืื ืขื ืื ืืืจ ืื' ืืื ืืฉืจืื ืืืฉืขืื ืฆื ืืช ืืืจื ืขืืืืชืืื ืกืคื ืขื ืืืืืื ืขื ืืืื ืืคืฆืชื ื ืื ืื' ืืืจืืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืฉืืื ื ืืืืกืฃ ืขืื ืืื ืืช ืื ืืืืจ ืืืฉืจืื ืขื ืื ืืฉืจ ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืืฉื ืื ืชืืจืืข ืืืืฉ ืื ืืืขื ืฉืืืฉื ืขื ืืืื ืืชื ืืืจืช ืืจืฅ ืืืืืื ืืืช ืชืืื ืืืจืืขื ืื ืฉืื (ืืืืื) ืขื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืืขื ืคื ืื ืืืืืื ืืืจื ืืืช ืืชืฉืคืื ืืชืฉืคืื ืขื ืื ืืืช ืื ืืขืื ื ืืืืื ืืืืืงืื ืงืืืฉืื ืชืืื ืืื ืื ืฉืื ืืืงื ื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืฆืื ืืื ืืื ืืืจืฆืืช ืืืืืงืื ืืืจ ืื ืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ืืืืื ืื ื ืฆืืืง ืขื ืื ื ืืื ืืืจืคื ืืืืืงืื ืืืจ ืกืื ื ืื' ืขืืื ืืืขืื ืขื ืจืคืื ื ืื' ืืืจืคื ืืืจืืื ืื ืืืืงืชื ืื ืื ืขื ืจืืขื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืืฆืืชืื ืืื ืืขืืืืื ืืื ืืืืืงืื: ืืืืืจ ืกืื ื ืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืืจืฉืชืื ืื ืืืืื ื ืืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ื ืฉื ืืืื ืืืฉ ืืื ืืฆืจืขื ืขื ืืืืื ืื ืขืจ ืืืืจืืื ืื' ืืฉืืคืืื ืืืขืืืชื ืจื ื ืืฉืืื ืืช ืฆืืื ืขื ืืื ืืจืืืื ืืกืื ืืืืช ืืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ืฉืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืืืืฉืข ืื ื ืื ืขื ืืื ื ืืืื ืื ืืืฉืื ืืื' ืืืืืฉืข ืืืงื ืงืจื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืื ืืขื ืขื ืื ืื ืืืืฉ ืื' ืืช ืขืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืช ืืงืช ืืชืืจื ืืืคืชื ืืืืขืื ืขื ืืืืื ืืืืื ืืฉืืคืืื ืืืจื ืืืง ืืืื ืฉืืจืืช ืืขืงื ืขื ืืืฆื ืข ืืืช ืขื ืืืืื ืืชืจื ืขืฉืจ ืคื ืืก ืืื ืื ืืืชื ืื ืืืืื ืขื ืืืงื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืืื ืืืืืื ืจืืฉื ืืืืืช ืืืชื ืืฉื ืืืื ืื ื ืจืืืื ืขื ืืืืง ืืช ืืืจืฅ ืืืืืฉืข ืืื ืืกืขื ืืื ืื ืืืืช ืขื ืืืชื ื ืื ื ืืฉืจืื ืืืืื ืืืืืฉืข: ืืื ืืืืจืื ืืฉืจ ืืืจ ืื' ืื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืืืืชื ืื ืืขื ืืืจืืื ืืืชืื ื ืืืชืคืื ืื ืื' ืืืจื ืชืช ืืช ืกืคืจ ืืืงื ื ืขื ืฉืืืช ืืืกืฃ ืืงื ื ืืืจืืื ืืืื ืขืงื ืืืื ืืงืจืืช ืืืื ื ืืจืืฉืืื ืขื ืืืชืืจืื ืื ืื ืืืื ืืื ืืชืืืื ืืืจืืื ืจืื ืื ืื ืื ื ืืืื ืืืื ื ืื ืื' ืืืงืืืืชื ืขื ืื ืืกืชืจ ืืืฉ ืืืกืชืจืื ืืืจืืื ืฉืืคืืื ืืืื ืืืฉืจ ืืงื ืฉืืืื ืขื ืืืืืจ ืฉืืืื ืื ืื ืฉื ืืฉืจืื ืืื ืืฉืืืื ืื ืชืฆื ืืืืกืคื ืคืืฉืชืื ืืช ืืื ืืื ืขื ืืื' ืืืื ืขืื ืืฉืืืื ืืืื ืื ืชืื ืื ืืื ื ืืืืฉืข ืืืื ืขื ืื๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝ ืืื ืืืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉืข ืืชื ื ืฆืืื ืืืืกืฃ ืืืืฉืข ืืช ืื ืฉืืื ืืฉืจืื ืขื ืืจืืื ืืืืชืื ืืฉืจ ืื ื ืืขืชื ืืืืืฉืข ืืืืื ื ืืืงืืชื ืื ื ืืฆืืจืช ืืืจื ืขื ืืืฉืืื ืืืื ืืืืืงืื ืืืืช ืืืจืื ืืืื ืืืจื ืืืช ืืฉื ืขืื ืื' ืืืืื ืขื ืืืื ืื' ืืช ืืืืฉืข ืืืืืฉืข ืื ืฉืืช ืฉืงืืจืื ืื ืฉืชื ืคืจืฉืืืช ืืคืืืจืื ืื ืืขื ืื ืคืจืฉื ืืืจืื ื ืืื ืืื ืื ืืจืื ืืืงืืืืช ืืื ื ืืื ืจืื ืืขื ืืืืืช ืืคืืืจืื ืื ืืืืช ืืฉืขืืื ืืืืจ ืชืฉืขื ืืื ืขื ืจืืฉ ืืฉื ื ืืฉืืช ืฉืืืจ ืชืฉืขื ืืื ื ืืื ื ืืื ืขืื ืืฉื ืื ืืชืืืจ ืฆืืื ืืฉืืืฉืืช ืขื ืื ืกืขืจื ืืจืืืขืืช ืื ืื ืื ืื ืืื ืื ืืืื ืืืืืฉืืช ืงืืื ืืืจื ืืฉืฉืืช ืจื ื ืขืงืจื ืืฉืืืขืืช ืฉืืฉ ืืฉืืฉ ืืื':",
|
96 |
+
"ื ืืืจ ืกืคืจ ืฉื ื ",
|
97 |
+
"ืืื ืื ืคืจืงืื ืฉืฉื ืืืจืืขืื ",
|
98 |
+
"ืืืืืช ืง\"ืฉ ืืืืืช ืชืคืื ืืืจืืช ืืื ืื ืืืืืช ืชืคืืืื ืืืืืื ืืกืคืจ ืชืืจื ืืืืืช ืฆืืฆืืช ืืืืืช ืืจืืืช ืืืืืช ืืืื:"
|
99 |
+
]
|
100 |
+
],
|
101 |
+
"sectionNames": [
|
102 |
+
"Chapter",
|
103 |
+
"Halakhah"
|
104 |
+
]
|
105 |
+
}
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json/Halakhah/Mishneh Torah/Sefer Ahavah/Mishneh Torah, The Order of Prayer/Hebrew/merged.json
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