{
"language": "en",
"title": "Mishnah Eruvin",
"versionSource": "http://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Mishnah",
"versionTitle": "Open Mishnah",
"status": "locked",
"license": "CC-BY-SA",
"versionTitleInHebrew": "משנה פתוחה",
"actualLanguage": "en",
"languageFamilyName": "english",
"isBaseText": false,
"isSource": false,
"direction": "ltr",
"heTitle": "משנה עירובין",
"categories": [
"Mishnah",
"Seder Moed"
],
"text": [
[
"If a mavoy [an alleyway onto which courtyards open] - that [has an entrance with an opening that] is higher than twenty amot [a specific unit of length], one must lower [it in order to separate the mavoy from the public domain]. Rabbi Yehuda says it is not necessary. And if it is wider than ten amot, one must narrow [it in order to separate the mavoy from the public domain]. If there is a tsurat hapetach [two uprights and a crossbar, however slight, halachically effecting a doorway], even though [the entrance] is wider than ten amot, it is not necessary to narrow it.",
"The required preparation of a mavoy [to consider its fourth side as separated from the public domain]: Beit Shammai says, \"A lechi [A vertical strip at the side of an entrance to a mavoy which permits carrying on Shabbat in the mavoy] and a beam [on top of the entrance].\" Beit Hillel says, \"A lechi or a beam.\" Rabbi Eliezer says, \"Two lechi.\" In the name of Rabbi Yishmael, said one student in front of Rabbi Akiva, \"Beit Shammai and Beit Hillel did not disagree about [an entrance of] a mavoy that is narrower than four amot, that it is [adequately separated] with either a lechi or a beam. About what did they disagree? About [an entrance of a mavoy] that is from four to ten amot; Beit Shammai says, '[It needs] a lechi and a beam,' but Beit Hillel says, 'Either a lechi or a beam.'\" Rabbi Akiva says, \"They disagreed about this and that.\"",
"The beam that they spoke [about, must be] wide enough to hold an ariach, and an ariach is half a brick [with a whole brick having the width] of three tefachim [a specific unit of length]. It is enough for the beam to be a tefach wide so that it can hold an ariach sideways.",
"[The beam must be] wide enough to hold an ariach and strong enough to hold an ariach. Rabbi Yehuda says, \"[It must only be] wide [enough], even though it is not strong [enough to hold an ariach].\"",
"If [the beam] is [made of] stubble or reeds, we view it as if it were [made out of] metal. [If it is] bent, we view it as if it were straight. [If it is] rounded, we view it as if it were squared off. Anything [round] that has a circumference of three tefachim has a width of one tefach.",
"The lechayayin that they spoke [about], their height [must be] ten tefachim, and their width and thickness can be anything. Rabbi Yose says, \"Their width must be three tefachim.\"",
"We can make a lechi from anything - even out of a living thing but Rabbi Yose forbids [doing that]. And [a living thing that is used as a grave cover] imparts impurity according to [the laws of] a grave cover, but Rabbi Meir renders it pure. We [can] write a bill of divorce on [a living animal] but Rabbi Yose Haglili disqualifies [such a bill of divorce].",
"If a caravan is camped in a valley and they encircled [the camp] with animal tack; we can carry within [that perimeter], but only if the fence [made from the tack] is ten tefachim high and the gaps aren't more than the walls. Any gap that is [up to] ten amot is permitted because it is like an opening [doorway]; larger than that is forbidden.",
"We may surround [an area] with three ropes, one on top of the other, but only if there is not [a gap of] three tefachim between one rope and another. The required size of the ropes and their width must be more than a tefach, so that the whole thing be ten tefachim.",
"We surround an area with reeds, but only if there is not [a gap of] three tefachim between one reed and another. They spoke [about allowing these leniencies specifically] concerning a caravan - so says Rabbi Yehuda. The Sages say, \"They were only talking about a caravan in the present case [as an example].\" Any mechitza [legal partition] which is not [made of] vertical and horizontal [parts] is not a mechitza - so says Rabbi Yose ben Rabbi Yehuda. The Sages say, \"[Only] one of [those] two things [is required].\" [The Rabbis] gave dispensation for four things in an army camp: We can take wood from any place, we are exempt from hand-washing; from [the prohibition to eat] demai [produce from which it is uncertain whether tithes were already taken]; and from the requirement to make an eruv [halachic merging of separate domains by means of setting aside an amount of food in a designated place][in order to carry within the camp]."
]
],
"sectionNames": [
"Chapter",
"Mishnah"
]
}