{ "title": "Siddur Ashkenaz", "language": "en", "versionTitle": "merged", "versionSource": "https://www.sefaria.org/Siddur_Ashkenaz", "text": { "Weekday": { "Shacharit": { "Preparatory Prayers": { "Modeh Ani": [ "I give thanks to You living and everlasting King for You have restored my soul with mercy. Great is Your faithfulness.", "The beginning of wisdom is fear of Adonoy, good understanding to all who perform [His commandments], His praise endures forever. Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever." ], "Netilat Yadayim": [ "Blessed1The word “blessed” is similar in concept to the words: “merciful” or “gracious” when applied to God. Just as merciful means that He is merciful, the source of mercy; so too, blessed means that He is the source of blessing.—Avudraham are You, Adonoy2Generally speaking, the name Adonoy is understood as it is pronounced—Adonoy—my Master, and indicates His rule and providence of the universe. When reciting the Shema however, one should bear in mind the written character of the Name which indicates God’s everpresent existence. He was—is—and ever will be.—Vilna Gaon our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the washing of hands." ], "Asher Yatzar": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who formed man with wisdom3This may mean either that man was formed by God’s wisdom, or that God formed man and endowed him with wisdom. and created within him openings and hollows. It is obvious and known in the presence of Your glorious throne4In refutation of those who claim that God is not concerned with earthly matters, we declare that even in the presence of His glorious throne, where He is surrounded by myriads of angels, He is aware of the mundane needs of each individual.—Vilna Gaon that if one of them were ruptured, or if one of them were blocked, it would be impossible to exist and stand in Your Presence even for a short while. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who heals all flesh and performs wonders." ], "Elokai Neshama": [ "My God! the soul which You bestowed in me is pure; You created it, You formed it, You breathed it into me and You preserve it within me. You will eventually take it from me, and restore it in me in the time to come.5This statement refers to the time when the dead will be resurrected. So long as the soul is within me I give thanks to You, Adonoy my God,6Thus it is said, “I will praise Adonoy with my life, I will sing to my God with my being” (Psalms 146:2). and God of my fathers, Lord of all creatures, Master of all souls. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who restores souls to dead bodies.7This is a reference to God’s restoring of the soul each morning following its departure while the person sleeps." ], "Tzitzit": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us concerning the commandment of tsitsit.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, my God, and God of my fathers, to consider [my fulfillment of] the mitzva of tzitzis before You as though I had fulfilled it in every detail, accurately and with full intent, and the 6131The numerical value of the word צִיצִית is 600 which, with the 8 threads and 5 knots of the צִיצִית itself, makes 613, the exact number of the mitzvos of the Torah. This symbolizes the Talmudic statement (Maseches Nedarim 25a) that the wearing of tzitzis equals the observance of the whole Torah. commandments that depend on it. Amein, Selah." ], "Torah Blessings": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified1The observance and fulfillment of His commandments makes a person holy. us with His commandments and commanded us to be engrossed in the words of Torah.", "Adonoy our God, please make the words of Your Torah pleasant in our mouths and in the mouths of Your people Israel. And may we and our descendants [and the descendants of our descendants] and the descendants of Your people the House of Israel, all know Your Name and be students of Your Torah for its own sake. Blessed are You, Adonoy Who teaches Torah to His people, Israel. ", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who chose us from among all the peoples2An allusion to God’s declaration, “And you will be a treasure unto me from among all people” (Exodus 19:6) which preceded the giving of the Torah at Sinai.—Vilna Gaon and gave us His Torah.3An allusion to the actual giving of the Torah at Sinai.—Vilna Gaon Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah!" ], "Torah Study": [ "May Adonoy bless you and guard you. May Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you. May Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace.4Numbers 6:24.", "And they shall set My Name upon the Children of Israel, and I shall bless them.", "These are precepts5Mishnah, Peah 1:1: Talmud Maseches Shabbos 127a. for which no fixed measure is prescribed: [leaving] the corner [of a field unharvested],6The unharvested produce was left for the poor; Leviticus 19:9. [the offering of] the first fruits,7Exodus 23:9. the appearance-offering,8These offerings were brought when a Jew “appeared” before God in the Temple on the three Pilgrimage festivals—Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos—Exodus 23:14-17, Deuteronomy 16:16-17. [performing] deeds of kindness, and the study of Torah. These are precepts, the fruits of which man enjoys in this world, [while] the principal [reward] is preserved for him in the World-to-Come. They are: honoring father and mother, [performing] deeds of kindness, early attendance in the House of Study morning and evening, providing hospitality to guests, visiting the sick, participating in making a wedding, accompanying the dead [to the grave], concentrating on the meaning of prayers, making peace between fellow men and between husband and wife— and the study of Torah is equal to them all." ], "Tallit": [ "My soul, bless Adonoy, Adonoy, my God, You are greatly exalted. With beauty and splendor are You clothed, enwrapped in light, garment-like; You spread out the heavens like a curtain.1Psalms 104:1,2.", "For the sake of the unification of the Holy One, Blessed be He, and His Divine Presence, with fear and love and love and fear, to unify the Name of Yud Hei with Vav Hei with a complete unity, in the name of all Israel. Behold, I am wrapping my body with tsitsit (fringes). So too may You wrap my soul – my 248 limbs and my 365 tendons – in the light of the tsitsit, [the letters, strings and knots of] which add up to 613. And in the same way that I cover myself with a prayer shawl in this world, so too may I merit to be in the section of the rabbis and to have a fine prayer shawl in the next world, in the Garden of Eden. And through the commandment of tsitsit, save my essence, my spirit, my soul and my prayer from [negative forces]. And may the prayer shawl spread its wings upon them to save them, ‘like an eagle that rouses his nestlings, hovering over his young.’ And may [this] commandment of tsitsit be considered before the Holy One, blessed be He, as if I fulfilled it in all of its details, all of its minutiae and all of its intentions – [as well as] the 613 commandments that are dependent upon it. Amen, Selah.", "Cover your head with the tallis and say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to enwrap ourselves with tzitzis.", "How precious is Your kindness, God; the children of men take refuge in the shadow of Your wings. They will be filled from the abundance of Your House, and from the stream of Your delights You will give them to drink. For the source of life is with You, we shall see light in Your light. Extend Your kindness to those who know You, and Your righteousness to the upright in heart.2Psalms 36:8-11." ], "Tefillin": [ "For the sake of the unification of the Holy One, Blessed be He, and His Divine Presence, with fear and love and love and fear, to unify the Name of Yud Hei with Vav Hei with a complete unity, in the name of all Israel. Behold, in placing the tefillin [upon myself], I intend to fulfill the commandment of my Creator, Who commanded us to place tefillin; as it is written in His Torah (Deuteronomy 6:8), “Bind them as a sign on your hand and let them serve as a symbol on your forehead.” And they are four sections [from the Torah]: Shema (Deuteronomy 6:4-8); And it shall be if you will truly listen (Deuteronomy 11:13-21); Sanctify (Exodus 13:1-10); And it shall be when He brings you (Exodus 12:11-17) – since within them they contain His unity and oneness in the world, may His name be blessed; and [through them,] we can remember His miracles and wonders when He took us out of Egypt, and that He has the power and control over the higher beings and the lower beings to do what He wants with them. And He commanded us to place it upon the arm in memory of the ‘extended forearm’ (with which He took us out of Egypt); and that it be across from the heart in order to subjugate the desire and thoughts of our heart for His service, may His name be blessed. And upon the head across from the brain, such that the soul in my brain – along with all my other senses and powers – be subjugated to His service, may His name be blessed. And may the bounty from the commandment of tefillin flow upon me, such that I should have long life, holy bounty, holy thoughts – free from any conjectures of sin or transgression – such that the evil impulse not seduce us or disturb us, but leave us to serve the Lord, as it is in our hearts. And may it be Your will before You, Lord our God and God of our fathers that [this] commandment of tefillin be considered before the Holy One, blessed be He, as if I fulfilled it in all of its details, all of its minutiae and all of its intentions – [as well as] the 613 commandments that are dependent upon it. Amen, Selah.", "Place the “tefillin of the arm” on the muscle of your left arm, and before tightening it, say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to put on tefillin.", "Wrap the strap around your arm 7 times and then place the “tefillin of the head” on your head above the region between your eyes, and say:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments, and commanded us concerning the mitzvoh of tefillin.", "With the “tefillin of the head” in place, say:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "And may You impart from Your wisdom to me, God most high; and give me understanding from Your understanding. With Your lovingkindness, do great things with me. With Your merit, cut off my enemies and opponents. Pour bountiful oil upon the seven branches of the menorah, in order to cause goodness to flow to Your creatures. Open Your hand and fulfill the will of every living thing.", "When wrapping the strap around the middle finger of your left hand, say:", "And I will betrothe you to Me forever; and I will betrothe you to Me in righteousness, in justice, in kindliness and in mercy. And I will betrothe you to Me in faithfulness and you shall know Adonoy.1Hosea 2:21-22.", "The following chapters, found in Exodus 13:1-16, are recited while wearing the tefillin, since they make direct reference to the mitzvah of tefillin.", "Adonoy spoke to Moses, saying: “Sanctify unto Me all the firstborn, whatsoever opens the womb among the Children of Israel, both of man and beast is Mine.” And Moses said to the people: “Remember this day on which you came out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage, for with a strong hand Adonoy brought you out from here, and [therefore] you must not eat chametz. This day you are departing, in the month of springtime. And it will be when Adonoy will bring you to the land of the Canaanites and the Hittites, and the Emorites, and the Hivites, and the Jebusites, which He swore to your fathers to give you, a land flowing with milk and honey, you shall perform this service in this month. Seven days, you shall eat matzos, and on the seventh day there shall be a festival [dedicated] to Adonoy. Matzos shall be eaten during these seven days, and no chametz and no leaven shall be seen in your possession within all your boundaries. And you shall relate to your son on that day, saying: ‘Because of this Adonoy acted on my behalf when I came out of Egypt. And it shall be for a sign upon your arm2It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the arm with the tallis or hand. Some then kiss the tallis or hand as an act of chivuv mitzvah, affection for the mitzvah. and for a reminder between your eyes3It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the head. See previous note. so that Adonoy’s teaching will be [the words of] your mouth; for with a strong hand Adonoy brought you out of Egypt. And you shall keep this ordinance in its appointed time from year to year.", "And it will be, when Adonoy will bring you to the land of the Canaanites as He swore unto you and to your fathers, and will have given it to you. Then you shall bring to Adonoy every one that opens the womb, and every firstling that is dropped by cattle that belong to you, the males shall belong to Adonoy, The firstling of a donkey you shall redeem with a lamb; and if you do not redeem it, then you must kill it by breaking its neck. You must redeem every firstborn of man among your children. And it will be when your son asks you in future times, saying: ‘What is this?’ You shall say to him: ‘With a strong hand Adonoy brought us out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. And it was when Pharaoh unyieldingly refused to let us go, that Adonoy killed all the firstborn in the land of Egypt, from the firstborn of man, to the firstborn of beast; therefore I sacrifice to Adonoy all that opens the womb that are males, and every firstborn of my sons, I redeem.’ And it shall be a sign upon your arm,4It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the arm with the tallis or hand. Some then kiss the tallis or hand as an act of chivuv mitzvah, affection for the mitzvah. and for totafos between your eyes,5It is customary here, to touch the tefillin of the head. See previous note. for with a strong hand, Adonoy brought us out of Egypt." ], "Ma Tovu": [ "How good are your tents, Jacob: your dwelling places, Israel.1Numbers 24:5. The Talmud (Maseches Sanhedrin 105a) relates that this verse contains Billam’s prophetic allusion to Jewish houses of study and worship. As for me, through Your abundant kindness I will enter Your House; I will prostrate myself toward Your Holy Sanctuary in awe of You.2Psalms 5:8. Adonoy, I love the Dwelling, Your House, and the place where Your glory resides.3Psalms 26:8. I will prostrate myself, and bow, I will kneel4These are three distinct degrees of worship, representing various levels of subjugation before God. before Adonoy, my Maker. May my prayer to You Adonoy be at a favorable time; God, in the abundance of Your kindness answer me with the truth of Your deliverance.5Psalms 69:14." ], "Adon Olam": [ "Master of the Universe Who reigned before any creature was created.", "At the time when all was made by His will, then was His Name proclaimed King.", "And after all things shall cease to be the Awesome One will reign alone.", "He was, He is, and He shall be in glory.", "He is One, and there is no second to compare to Him, to associate [with Him].", "Without beginning, without end, power and dominion are His.", "He is my God and my ever-living Redeemer, the Rock of my destiny on the day of distress.", "He is my flag1It is to Him that I rally and through Him that I am identified.—Etz Yosef and my refuge; He is the portion of my cup on the day I call.2He answers me.", "Into His hand I entrust my spirit [both] when I sleep and when I awaken.", "And with my spirit my body [too], Adonoy is with me, I shall not fear." ], "Yigdal": [ "This hymn, written by Daniel ben Yehuda, who was a Dayan in Rome about 1300, is based on Maimonides’ 13 principles of Judaism. According to Maimonides, failure to believe in a single one of these principles places one outside the pale of Judaism.", "1) the existence of God", "Exalted is the living God, and praised He exists, and His existence transcends time.", "2) God is One", "He is One, and there is no unity like His, He is invisible, His unity is infinite.", "3) God is incorporeal", "He is unlike the corporeal or even the non-corporeal,1God can also not be compared to the angels. His holiness is beyond comparison.", "4) God is Eternal", "He preceded every being that was created, He was First, and there was no genesis to His beginning.", "5) God alone must be worshipped", "He is Master of the Universe to every creature, (all) proclaim His greatness and His majesty.", "6) Truth of Divine Prophecy", "The fullness of His prophecy, He bestowed on those He treasured, and in whom He gloried.", "7) Moses was the greatest of all prophets", "There never arose in Israel another like Moses, a prophet who beheld God’s image.", "8) Divine revelation of the Torah", "The Torah of truth the Almighty gave to His people through His prophet, the trusted one of His house.", "9) The Torah is immutable", "The Almighty will not exchange nor alter His Law. Never will He offer any alternative.", "10) God knows the acts and thoughts of man", "He scrutinizes and knows our secrets. He beholds the end of a thing at its beginning.", "11) Divine reward and punishment", "He rewards man with kindness according to his deeds. He sends evil to the wicked according to his wickedness.2The word “deed” is not applied to the wicked man. Since Divine reward and punishment are distributed with kindness, reward is granted to man not only for his deed, which may itself be insignificant, but also for the long range effect of that deed. He is punished, however, only for his act of wickedness, not for the consequences of his deed.—Etz Yosef", "12) Belief in the coming of the Messiah", "He will send our Messiah at the end of days, to redeem all who await His final deliverance.", "13) Divine resurrection of the dead", "The Almighty will revive the dead because of His abundant kindness: Blessed forever is His praised Name." ], "Morning Blessings": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gives the rooster understanding to distinguish between day and night.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who did not make me a gentile.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who did not make me a slave.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who did not make me a woman.1There is no degradation of women implied in this blessing. Men thank God for the privilege, which is theirs, of performing all the precepts of the Torah, many of which are not incumbent upon women.", "(A woman says: Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who made me according to His will.)", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gives sight to the blind.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who clothes the naked.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who releases the imprisoned.2He releases the prisoners of misfortune, passion, sin, hatred and jealousy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who straightens the bent.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who spreads the earth above the waters.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who provided me with all my needs.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who prepares the steps of man.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who girds Israel with might.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who crowns Israel with glory.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gives strength to the weary.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who removes sleep from my eyes and slumber from my eyelids.", "And may it be Your will Adonoy, our God And God of our fathers, to make us study Torah regularly, and hold fast to Your commandments. Do not bring us into the grasp of sin,3To sin unknowingly. nor into the grasp of transgression or iniquity.4To sin willfully. Do not cause us to be tested,5We pray that God will not put us to tests that are too difficult to withstand. or brought to disgrace.6Should we fail the tests, we will be disgraced. Let us not be ruled over by the Evil Inclination. Keep us far from an evil person, and from an evil companion. Make us hold fast to the Good Inclination, and to good deeds, and compel our Evil Inclination to be subservient to You. Grant us this day and every day favor,7“Favor” means receiving God’s blessings because of our merit.—Siach Yitzchok kindness,8“Kindness” is God’s benevolence bestowed purely by His will, regardless of merit.—Siach Yitzchok and compassion9“Compassion” describes God’s withholding of deserved punishment.—Siach Yitzchok in Your eyes and in the eyes of all who see us, and bestow bountiful kindness upon us, Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who bestows bountiful kindness upon His people Israel.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, to save me today and every day from arrogant men and from arrogance; from an evil man, from an evil companion, from an evil neighbor; from an evil mishap and from the destructive Satan; from a difficult judgment and a difficult opponent, whether he is a [fellow Jew] or not a [fellow Jew]." ], "Akedah": [ "Our God and God of our fathers, remember us favorably before You and be mindful of us for deliverance and compassion from the eternal high heavens. Remember in our behalf, Adonoy, our God: the love of our ancestors, Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, Your servants; the covenant, the kindness, and the oath which You swore to our father Abraham on Mount Moriah, and the binding of Isaac, his son on the altar, as it is written in Your Torah.1Genesis 22:1-19.", "After these events,2These events refer to the previous nine tests by which God tested Abraham. This was to be the tenth and the most difficult test of all.—Ha’amek Dovor God tested Abraham and said to him, “Abraham!” and he [Abraham] said, “Here I am.” He said, “Please, take your son, your only one,3Isaac was Abraham’s only son by Sarah. whom you love—Isaac— and go to the land of Moriah, and bring him up as a burnt-offering on one of the mountains which I will designate to you. Abraham awoke early in the morning, saddled his donkey, and took his two attendants4Ishmael and Eliezer.—Rashi with him, and also his son Isaac. He split the wood of the burnt-offering, and rose up, and went to the place that God had designated to him. On the third day, Abraham lifted his eyes and saw the place from afar. Abraham said to his attendants, You stay here with the donkey, and I and the boy will go to that place. We will prostrate ourselves [in worship] and return5Abraham unwittingly prophesied that both of them would return.—Rashi to you.” And Abraham took the wood of the burnt-offering and placed it on his son Isaac. In his hand he took the fire and the knife,6The Hebrew word is ma’acheles (root: אכל = to eat) which means that it renders meat fit for eating through slaughtering the animal. Another interpretation is: his knife is called ma’acheles because we still enjoy (eat) the reward of Abraham’s virtue when he agreed to use it to slaughter his son.—Rashi and they both went together. Isaac spoke to Abraham his father and said, “Father,” and he said, “Here I am my son.” He said, “Here are the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for the burnt-offering?” Abraham said, God Himself will show the lamb for a burnt offering, my son.” And the two of them went together.7Although Isaac understood that he was going to be slaughtered, “They went together”—with like hearts.—Rashi They came to the place that God had designated to him, and Abraham built the8The Torah says that he built “the” altar not just “an” altar, to indicate that Abraham rebuilt the same altar which was originally built by Adam and used by Cain, Abel and by Noah.—Targum Yonoson ben Uziel altar there, and arranged the wood, and bound his son Isaac, and placed him on the altar, on top of the wood. Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slaughter his son. An angel of Adonoy called to him from heaven and said, “Abraham! Abraham!” and he said, “Here I am.” He [God] said, Do not harm the boy, nor do anything to him; for now I know that you are one who fears God and have not withheld your son, your only one, from Me.” Abraham raised his eyes and beheld a ram9Tradition tells us that this ram was prepared for this purpose from the time of creation. Rashi (in Maseches Avos 5:6) after it had been caught in the thicket by its horns; and Abraham went and took the ram, and brought it up as a burnt-offering instead of his son. Abraham called the name of that place, Adonoy will see;10The Midrash interprets the following: “God will see the binding of Isaac and through its merit He will pardon Israel every year and rescue them from trouble. It will thus be said, “On this day,” by all generations that the ashes of Isaac are seen by God and serve as our atonement.—Rashi as it is said [to] this day On Adonoy’s mountain, He will be seen. An angel of Adonoy called to Abraham a second time from heaven, and said, ‘I have sworn by Myself,’ declares Adonoy, ‘that because you performed this deed, and did not withhold your only son, I will greatly bless you and make your descendants as numerous1111 If these blessings were intended to increase the population of Abraham’s descendants, it was superfluous, since God had previously blessed him for that purpose. God here blessed the descendants of Abraham with the nobility of spirit and courage to fulfill the command to sanctify God even when self-sacrifice is required. Only the nation of Israel, Abraham’s children, were commanded to fulfill this mitzvoh, because of the legacy we inherited from him.—Ha’amek Dovor. as the stars of the sky and like the sand on the seashore, and your descendants will inherit the gate of their enemies. All the nations of the world will be blessed Through your children, because you heeded My voice.’” Abraham returned to his attendants, and they rose and went together to Beer Sheva, and Abraham dwelt in Beer Sheva.", "Master of the Universe! May it be Your will Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to recall for our sake the covenant of our fathers. Just as our father, Avraham suppressed his compassion for his only son and would have slaughtered him to do Your will, so may Your compassion suppress Your anger against us; and may Your compassion prevail over Your [other] attributes,1This refers to Hashem’s attribute of stern justice. to deal with us more leniently than the letter of Your law. Deal with us, Adonoy, our God, kindly and with compassion. In Your great goodness, turn Your fierce anger away from Your people, and from Your city, from Your land, and from Your territorial heritage. Fulfill for us, Adonoy, our God, the promise You made, through Your servant Moshe, as was said,2Vayikra 26:42. “I will recall My covenant with Yaakov, also My covenant with Yitzchak, and also My covenant with Avraham will I recall; and I will recall the land.”" ], "Sovereignty of Heaven": [ "A person should always be in fear of God, privately as well as openly,1Some people conduct themselves in a God-fearing manner in the presence of others (in public), but in the privacy of their homes, do whatever they please. There are others who do just the opposite. In private they are governed by fear of God, but in the presence of others they are too embarrassed or intimidated to be God-fearing. A Jew must always fear God, in private as well as in public.—Siach Yitzchok [he should] admit the truth,2Acknowledging the truth is fundamental to serving God, and to all human behavior. One who is concerned merely with “winning the argument” will go to any extreme to come out on top. This attitude caused the downfall of the 250 leaders who joined Korach, rather than acknowledge the truth of Moses’ declaration (Numbers 16:2-35).—Siach Yitzchok and speak truth in his heart,3It is not sufficient to merely acknowledge the truth verbally but one must speak truth in his heart as well. Rashi on the Talmud (Maseches Makos 24a) cites the following incident as an example of how one should speak truth in his heart: A buyer once offered to purchase an article from Rav Safra while he was reciting the Shema. Because he could not indicate his acceptance, the anxious purchaser increased his offer. Rav Safra refused the increment because in his heart he had already accepted the original offer. and rise early and proclaim:", "Lord of all the worlds! Not on account of our righteousness do we offer our supplications before You, but on account of Your abundant mercy. What are we? What is our life? What are our acts of kindness? What is our righteousness? What is our deliverance?4Of ourselves or others. What is our strength? What is our might? What can we say before You, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers? Are not all the mighty men as nothing before You? Famous men as though they had never been? The wise as if they were without knowledge? And men of understanding, as if they were devoid of intelligence? For most of their actions are a waste,5In terms of achievement.—Dover Sholom and the days of their life are trivial6In terms of time.—Dover Sholom in Your presence. The superiority of man over the beast is nil, for all is futile. ", "However, we are Your people, children of Your covenant, children of Avraham, Your beloved,8Others translate, “Children of Avraham who loved You.” See commentaries on Yeshaya 41:8. to whom You swore on Mount Moriah; the seed of Yitzchak, his only son, who was bound on top of the altar; the community of Yaakov, Your firstborn, [whom]—because of Your love for him and Your joyous delight in him— You named him Yisrael9The name Yisrael symbolizes Yaakov’s wandering through history proclaiming the sovereignty of Hashem, while the name Yeshurun indicates his task to fulfill Hashem’s will as revealed to him, and to devote his life to the execution of that which is right in the eyes of Hashem.—S.R. Hirsch and Yeshurun.10Devarim 33:5.", "Therefore, we are obligated to thank You, to praise You, and to glorify You; to bless, to sanctify, and to offer praise and thanks to Your Name. We are fortunate! How good is our portion! How pleasant is our destiny! How beautiful is our heritage! We are fortunate that we rise early and stay late - morning and evening - and twice daily say:", "“Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.”", "The following line is to be said silently", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy your God11Deuteronomy 6:4-9. with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your possessions. And these words which I command you today, shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.", "You existed before the world was created. You exist [in the same way] now that the world has been created. You exist in this world, and You will exist in the World-to-Come. Sanctify Your Name upon those who hallow Your Name, and sanctify Your Name in Your world. And through Your deliverance You will be exalted12According to other versions, the text is translated, “You will be exalted,” since the Hebrew reads תָּרוּם. and You will uplift our power. Blessed are you Adonoy who sanctifies His Name among the multitudes.", "You are Adonoy, our God, in heaven and on earth, and in the highest heavens. In truth, You are First,13We refer to God as “First” to preclude the notion that anything existed before Him, but not to assert that He has a beginning.—Kuzari and You are Last.14Similarly, “Last” is used only to repudiate the idea that there is an end to His existence, not to fix a term for Him.—Kuzari And besides You there is no God. Gather the ones who hope in You from the four corners of the earth. Let all mankind recognize and know that You alone are the God15Elohim is a descriptive term which signifies God as ruler or judge.—Kuzari of all the kingdoms of the earth. You made the heavens, the earth, the sea, and all that is in them. Who is there among all Your handiwork, among the heavenly or earthly creatures, that can say to You, “What are You doing?” Our father in Heaven, deal graciously and kindly with us for the sake of Your great name which is called upon us16The Jewish people are called “God’s People” and their name Israel, ׳שר-אל—officers of God, includes God’s Name. and fulfill for us, Adonoy, our God that which is written: ‘At that time, I will bring you in and at that time, I will gather you: for I will make you renowned and praised among all the peoples of the earth, when I bring back your captivity before your eyes,’ said Adonoy.17Zephanyah 3:20." ], "Korbanot": { "Kiyor": [ "The Talmud (Maseches Menachos 110a) states: Rabbi Isaac asked, “Why does it say (Leviticus 6:18; 7:1) This is the law of the sin-offering, this is the law of the guilt-offering? To teach us that when one studies the law of the sin-offering, it is considered as though he had actually brought it on the Altar, and when one studies the law of the guilt-offering, it is as though he actually brought it on the Altar.” Rather than merely recite the following portions, study them and attempt to learn about the laws and significance of the various sacrifices.", "(Exodus 30:17-21)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Make a copper laver and a copper base, for washing; and place it between the Tent of Meeting and the Altar, and put water in it. Aaron and his sons will wash their hands and their feet from it.1His right hand was held above his right foot, the left hand above the left foot and all were washed simultaneously.—Maseches Zevachim 59 Upon entering the Tent of Meeting they will wash with water that they not die, or whenever they approach the Altar to serve, to burn a fire-offering to Adonoy. They will wash their hands and feet that they not die; and this is a perpetual statute for them, for him [Aaron], and his descendants for all their generations." ], "Terumat HaDeshen": [ "The following Scripture section describes the removal of the ashes which had accumulated on the Altar from the daily burnt-offering of the previous afternoon. This removal was performed prior to the daily morning burnt-offering. The passage below also describes the ritual of maintaining the wood pyres which were always burning on the Altar.", "(Leviticus 6:1)
And Adonoy spoke to Moses to say: Command Aaron and his sons to say, this is the law of the burnt-offering. This is the burnt-offering [which must remain] on its pyre, upon the Altar all night, until morning, and the fire of the Altar will be kept burning on it. The Kohein will don his linen garment, and linen breeches upon his flesh, and he will remove the ashes when the fire consumes the burnt-offering on the Altar; and he will place them beside the Altar. He will remove his garments and don other garments, and carry the ashes outside the camp to an undefiled place. The fire upon the altar will be kept burning, it may not be extinguished. And the Kohein will burn wood on it every morning, and arrange on it the burnt-offering, and burn on it the fats of the peace-offerings. A constant fire will be kept burning on the Altar, it may not be extinguished.", "The Tamid-offerings, two daily offerings of one lamb at a time, were offered once in the morning and once in the afternoon. The former was the first public-offering brought on the Altar each day. And the latter terminated the day’s offerings. These animals were purchased from the annual half-shekel gifts of the people and were offered on behalf of the entire Jewish People. Before reading this passage we offer a brief prayer." ], "Korban HaTamid": [ "Some do not say the following prayer on Sabbath and Yom Tov.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, to have compassion on us, to forgive us all our sins, [done unknowingly], to atone all our iniquities, [done knowingly], to pardon all our [malicious] transgressions, and may You build the Holy Temple quickly, in our days, that we may offer, before You, the daily burnt-offering to atone for us, as You wrote for us in Your Torah by the hand of Moses, Your servant, from the mouth of Your Reverence, as it is said:", "(Bamidbar 28:1-8)
And Adonoy spoke to Moshe to say: Command the Children of Yisrael, and say to them: My offering, My food, to be consumed by My fires, a pleasing aroma to Me, You shall be diligent to bring unto Me, at its fixed time. And you will say to them: “This is the fire-offering that you will bring unto Adonoy: [male] lambs, in their first year, without blemish, two [of them] each day, as a constant burnt-offering. Offer one lamb in the morning, and the second lamb, offer in the afternoon. And a tenth of an ephah of fine flour as a meal-offering, mixed with oil of crushed [olives] measuring one-fourth of a hin. [This is] a constant burnt-offering as offered at Mount Sinai for a pleasing aroma, a fire-offering to Adonoy. And its libation will be a fourth of a hin for the one lamb; in the Holy [Sanctuary] you will pour out a drink-offering of strong wine to Adonoy. And the second lamb you will offer in the afternoon; as the meal-offering of the morning [together] with its libation, you shall offer a fire-offering of pleasing aroma to Adonoy.", "(Leviticus 1:11)
And he will slaughter it on the north side of the Altar, before Adonoy; and Aaron’s sons, the Kohanim, will sprinkle its blood all around the Altar.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, that this recitation be important, acceptable and desirable before You, as if we sacrificed the daily burnt-offering at its proper time, in its proper place and according to its laws." ], "Ketoret": [ "You are Adonoy, our God, before Whom our fathers burned the incense of spices when the Holy Temple was standing, as You commanded them by the hand of Moses Your prophet, as it is written in Your Torah:", "(Exodus 30:34-36)
And Adonoy said to Moses, Take for yourself spices— stacte, onycha, and galbanum—1Galbanum has an offensive odor. The Torah includes it among the other spices to teach us to include even Jewish sinners among the rest of Jewry at our assemblies of fasting and prayers.—Rashi spices, and pure frankincense, [they] shall be in equal weights. You will make it into incense, a compound mixed by a compounder, salted,2The Hebrew word, memulach is rendered by Onkelos as mixed, to indicate that the spices should be well mixed together.—Rashi undefiled, and holy. You will pulverize some of it very fine, and place it before the [Ark of] Testimony3This incense was offered each day upon the Innermost Altar which is inside the Tent of Meeting.—Rashi in the Tent of Meeting, where I will meet with you; it will be to you holy of holies.” It is also written:", "(Exodus 30:7-8)
And Aaron shall burn incense of spices upon it [the Altar] every morning; when he cleans the lamps he will burn it. And when Aaron lights the lamps in the afternoon, he will burn it; a constant incense-offering before Adonoy throughout your generations.", "(Maseches Kreisos 6a; Jerusalem Talmud, Maseches Yoma 4:5)
The Rabbis taught: How was the incense compounded? Three hundred and sixty-eight manim4A maneh is a weight; plural, manim. were comprised therein, three hundred and sixty-five corresponding to the number of days in the solar year, one maneh for each day— half in the morning and half in the afternoon. From the three remaining manim the Kohein Gadol brought two handfuls [into the Holy of Holies] on Yom Kippur; [for which purpose] they were put back into the mortar on the eve of Yom Kippur, and ground [again] very thoroughly, in order to make them very fine. Eleven kinds of spices were used for it. They were: 1) balm, 2) onycha, 3) galbanum, 4) frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; 5) myrrh, 6) cassia, 7) spikenard and 8) saffron— in weight sixteen maneh of each; 9) twelve maneh of costus, 10) three of aromatic bark, and 11) nine of cinnamon. [Also used in the incense compound were:] Nine kabin5A kab is a sixth of a se’ah. of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s’in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could use strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan.6This herb causes the smoke of the burning incense to ascend in a straight line. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Jordan amber was added of a minute quantity, and if one added honey,7Included are various sweeteners such as dates and other fruits. it (the incense) became unfit; and if one omitted8The same is true if one were to add to the prescribed number of eleven spices.—Etz Yosef any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty.”9The death penalty was given only if the Kohein Gadol actually entered the Holy of Holies with incense which was unfit. This was considered as an unwarranted entry into the Holy of Holies which carried the death decree.—Rashi", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: “The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. Why was the Carshina lye used? To refine the onycha in order to make it pleasant. Why was Cyprus wine used? The onycha was soaked in it to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim1010 This water came from a well named Raglayim.—Kol Bo was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.11Since Mei Raglayim (lit., water from the feet) is a euphemism for urine, it would have been disrespectful to use this water in the Temple. Others hold that the term “waters of Raglayim” actually refers to urine, which could have been used as a soaking agent were it not indecent to bring it into a sacred place.—Kol Bo", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Rabbi Nosson says, While [the Kohein] ground [the incense] he would say, ‘Hodeik heiteiv, heiteiv hodeik,’ because the sound12Some suggest that the sound of these specific words affects the spices. is good for the spices. If half13184 manim instead of 368. the quantity of incense was prepared, it was acceptable; but we have not heard if only a third or a fourth [of it was prepared] 14I.e., we did not hear our teachers expound this question. [whether it was acceptable].”", "It was taught in a Boraysa: Bar Kappara says, Once in sixty or seventy years15The exact number of years varied with the size of the hands of the High Priests over the years, for the surplus was what remained of these three manim from which he took two handfuls each Yom Kippur. the accumulated surplus was sufficient to provide half [the yearly quantity of incense.”] Bar Kappara also taught, If he would have put into it a minute quantity of honey, no one could have withstood [resisted] the scent. Why was no honey mixed with it? Because the Torah says, (Leviticus 2:11) For any leaven or honey, do not burn from them, [as] a fire-offering to Adonoy.", "Recite each of these verses three times: Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah! Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]! The King will answer us on the day we call.", "You are my shelter; from distress You preserve me; with glad song of rescue, You envelop me, Selah! Let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem, as in the days of old and in earlier years." ], "Order of the Temple Service": [ "Abbaye listed the order of the [daily] Altar service based on tradition, and according to the opinion of Abba Shaul: the [arranging on the Altar of the] great Pyre16This is the Altar upon which the daily and other offerings were burned. This pyre was on the east side of the Altar.—Derech Chayim precedes the second pyre [from which live coals are taken] for the incense-offering; the second pyre of the incense-offering [is arranged] before the placement of two logs [on the large pyre17Each of these logs measured a square cubit. They were laid on to assure a sufficiently large fire.—Derech Chayim] the placement of the two logs precedes the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar; the removal of the ashes from the inner Altar precedes the cleaning of five lamps [of the Menorah];18These were the five westernmost lamps of the Menorah.—Derech Chayim the cleaning of the five lamps precedes [sprinkling] the blood of the daily-offering; the blood of the daily-offering precedes the cleaning of the [remaining] two lamps; the cleaning of the two lamps precedes the incense-offering; the incense-offering precedes [burning] the limbs [of the daily-offering]; burning the limbs [precedes] the meal-offering;19A meal-offering accompanied each daily burnt-offering. the meal-offering [precedes] the baking-pan-offering;20These were daily-offerings that were incumbent upon the Kohein Gadol. Half the offering was brought in the morning and the other half in the afternoon. the baking-pan-offerings [precede] the wine libations; the wine-libations [precede] the Mussaf-offering;21Musaf offerings were brought on Shabbos, Rosh Chodesh, and on Festivals when work is totally forbidden. the Mussaf-offering [precedes] the two bowls of frankincense;22Two bowls of frankincense were placed near the shewbreads every Shabbos. and the two bowls of frankincense precede the daily afternoon-offering, for it is said, (Leviticus 6:5) And [the Kohein] shall arrange on it the burnt-offering, and burn on it the fat of the peace-offerings. Therewith complete23The Hebrew word shelamim is here interpreted to indicate completion (from the root sholam).—Rashi, Maseches Yoma 33a all the offerings [of the day.]", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one. Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, Awesome One! Please! Mighty One, those who seek Your Unity, preserve them like the pupil [of Your eye]. Bless them, purify them, have compassion on them; Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them. Mighty, Holy One, in Your abundant goodness, lead Your community. Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness. Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts. Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "Master of the Worlds, You commanded us to bring the Daily offering at its appointed time; and have the Kohanim perform their service, and the Levites [sing and play music] on the platform, and the Israelites [attend] at their Ma’amad.24All of Israel was divided into twenty-four divisions. Representatives of each division—in rotation—spent one week at a time in Jerusalem in attendance upon the services of the daily offerings, which were offered on behalf of all Jewry. Each such group, or maamad, represented all the Israelites at the services. And now, because of our sins, the Holy Temple is destroyed, and the Daily offering discontinued; we have neither a Kohein at his service, nor a Levite on his platform, nor an Israelite at his Ma’amad. ", "On Rosh Chodesh add:", "And on your Rosh Chodesh days you shall bring a burnt-offering to Adonoy. Two young bullocks, one ram, seven male yearling lambs without blemish. And three-tenths [of an epha26Three-tenths of an ephah is a measure in volume equal to the displacement of:129-3/5 eggs.] of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for each bullock; and two-tenths27Two-tenths of an ephah is the equivalent of 86-⅖ eggs. of fine flour for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for the one ram. And one-tenth28One-tenth of an ephah is the equivalent of 43-⅕ eggs. of fine flour each for a meal-offering mixed with the [olive] oil, for each lamb; a burnt-offering of pleasing savor, a fire-offering to Adonoy. Their libations shall be: half a hin29The hin is a liquid measure containing 12 logs, of which each log is approximately 6 eggs. for [each] bullock, a third of a hin for the ram, and a fourth of a hin for each lamb—wine; this is the burnt-offering of Rosh Chodesh, each Rosh Chodesh, for [all] the Rosh Chodesh days of the year. And one he-goat for a sin-offeing30This offering atoned for unintentional defilement of the Sanctuary and its holy vessels. to Adonoy, in addition to the daily burnt-offering and its libation." ], "Laws of Sacrifices": [ "The following sequence of Mishnayos and the selection from Sifra “Rabbi Yishmael Says,” were inserted after the Scriptural selections dealing with daily-offerings in order to give every Jew the opportunity to study/recite daily, the minimum of selections from Scripture, Mishnah, and Talmud. Even though Sifra is not actually a Talmudic tractate, it is a Tanaitic expansion of Mishnah. (See Shulchan Aruch, Orach Chaim 50:1).", "MISHNAH I Where are the offerings slaughtered [in the Holy Temple?] The holiest of offerings31These include all burnt-offerings, sin-offerings and guilt-offerings. are slaughtered on the north side [of the Altar]. The bullock and he-goat of Yom Kippur are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood is received32The blood was received directly from the throat of the animal. in a sacred vessel, on the north side. Their blood must be thrown between the poles33The High Priest actually stood between the poles of the Ark and sprinkled the blood once above [on the Ark Cover] and seven times below [the Ark Cover]. [of the Ark], and in front of the curtain34Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy. and upon the Gold Altar;35The Gold Altar stood inside the Holy confines, whereas the Copper or Outer Altar stood in the Courtyard. [omission of] any one of these applications prevents [atonement].36Atonement was achieved only upon completion of the service of sprinkling the blood. The remainder of the blood [in the vessel] he [the Kohein] would pour on the western base of the Outer Altar; [but] if he did not do so, it did not prevent [atonement].", "MISHNAH II The bullocks that are burned entirely, and the he-goats that are burned entirely,37A bullock was brought as a burnt-offering in one of two cases:
It was brought as an atonement when the entire nation sinned unknowingly, as a result of an erroneous ruling by the Sanhedrin, Supreme Court; it was brought by the Kohein Gadol when he sinned unknowingly as a result of an erroneous interpretation of the law on his part.
A he-goat was brought as an atonement when the king sinned in similar circumstances, or when an entire tribe committed an idolatrous sin.
are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood is received in a sacred vessel, on the north side; their blood must be thrown in front of the curtain38Separating the Holy of Holies from the Holy. and upon the Gold Altar; [omission of] any one of these applications prevents [atonement]. The remainder of the blood [in the vessel] he [the Kohein] would pour on the western base of the Outer Altar; [but] if he did not do so, it did not prevent [atonement]. These [offerings] and those39This includes the Yom Kippur offerings mentioned in Mishnah I. are burned at the place where the ashes were put.40The ashes removed from the Outer Altar every morning were deposited outside Jerusalem. The sin-offerings burned there did not have to be burned by a Kohen, but could be burned by an Israelite.", "MISHNAH III The communal and individual sin-offerings— these are the communal sin-offerings: The he-goats offered on Rosh Chodesh and on the Festivals are slaughtered on the north side, and their blood must be received in a sacred vessel, on the north side; their blood requires four applications [one] on each of the four corners.41Of the Outer Altar. How [was this done]? He [the Kohein] went up the ramp [of the Altar]42The ramp led up to the Altar from its south side. It was 32 cubits long and 16 cubits wide, and provided the Kohanim with access to the ledge which ran around the Altar, and upon which they were able to stand while performing their service. and turned to the ledge [bordering the Altar]; he came to the southeast corner, the northeast corner, the northwest corner, the southwest corner.43At each of these corners, he would apply the blood. He poured the rest of the blood at the southern base [of the Altar]. These offerings were eaten within the Temple Courtyard by the male Kohanim, prepared in any fashion,44It could be cooked or roasted. on that day and [the following] night until midnight.", "MISHNAH IV The burnt-offering is one of the holiest offerings. It is slaughtered on the north side and its blood is received in a sacred vessel on the north side; its blood requires two applications which are [like] four.45The blood was applied against the southwestern and northeastern corners of the Altar and spread along both sides of each corner so that all four sides of the Altar received the blood. It must be skinned, severed into parts, and totally consumed by the fire.46The Kohanim received no part of the meat which was burned, but they shared in the hide.", "MISHNAH V Communal peace-offerings47The communal peace-offering were the two lambs offered on Shavuos (Leviticus 23:20). and guilt-offerings. These are the guilt-offerings: the guilt-offering for robbery,48This offering was brought when a person denied and swore falsely that he had been entrusted with something for safekeeping. the guilt-offering for unauthorized use of sacred objects, the guilt-offering for violating a betrothed handmaiden,49This offering was brought only when the handmaiden was half-slave, half-free and was betrothed to an Israelite servant. the guilt-offering of a Nazirite,50This offering was brought by a Nazirite who had become ritually defiled by a dead body. the guilt-offering of a metzora,51This offering was brought by the metsora when he was cured and declared undefiled by the Kohein. the guilt-offering for suspension.52This offering was brought by a person in doubt whether an act he had committed required a sin-offering. These are slaughtered on the north side and their blood received in a sacred vessel on the north side; their blood requires two applications which are [like] four.53See note 1 on Mishnah IV. These [offerings] were eaten within the Courtyard by the male Kohanim, prepared for eating in any fashion.54See note 4 on Mishnah III. On that day and [the following] night until midnight.", "MISHNAH VI The thanksgiving-offering55The thanksgiving-offering was brought when a person was released from captivity, when he recovered from a serious illness, or after traveling overseas or through wilderness. and the ram of the Nazirite56The ram was brought by a Nazirite at the termination of his vow. are of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Temple Courtyard,57These offerings did not have to be slaughtered or have their blood received on the north side of the Altar. and their blood requires two applications which are [like] four; they may be eaten anywhere in the city58The city of Jerusalem. by anyone,59Any Israelite who was circumcised and ritually clean could eat of these offerings. Females were also permitted to eat of those offerings. and prepared for eating in any fashion, [and may be eaten] on that day and the following night until midnight. The portion given to the Kohanim,60The Kohanim received the shoulder and right shank as their portion. They also received a portion of the meal-offerings which accompanied the meat-offerings. has the same rule, but may be eaten only by the Kohanim, their wives, children, and slaves.61Their non-Jewish slaves were permitted to eat of these offerings. The portions of the sin-offerings were however restricted to the male Kohanim. [These slaves were circumcised and were responsible for mitzvos, similar to those incumbent upon women.]", "MISHNAH VII The peace-offerings are [also] of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Courtyard, and their blood requires two applications which are [like] four. They may be eaten anywhere in the city by anyone, and prepared for eating in any fashion, for two days and one night.62That day, the following night and the following day. The portion given to the Kohanim has the same rule, but may be eaten only by the Kohanim, their wives, children, and slaves.", "MISHNAH VIII Firstborn animals, the tithe of cattle and the Passover-offering (Pascal lamb) are [also] of lesser sanctity. They are slaughtered anywhere in the Temple Courtyard, and their blood requires one application provided that it is applied above the base (of the Altar).63The blood was applied on the wall of the Altar which was above the base. [Not all its walls were above the base.] They differ in their consumption: The firstborn is eaten only by Kohanim, while the tithe may be eaten by any person. They may be eaten anywhere in the city, and prepared for eating in any fashion, and may be eaten for two days and one night. The Pascal lamb must be eaten only at night64The night of Passover. and only until midnight; and it may not be eaten except by those registered for it, and it may only be eaten when spit-roasted.65Never cooked, baked, rare, or raw." ], "Baraita of Rabbi Yishmael": [ "Rabbi Yishmael says: The Torah is expounded through thirteen methods:
1) A conclusion drawn from a minor or lenient law, to a major or more strict one.", "2) A clarification based on identical words or terms in the Biblical text.", "3) A principle derived from one Biblical text or from two Biblical texts.", "4) A rule followed by a detail.", "5) A detail followed by a rule.", "6) A rule followed by a detail, which is in turn followed by a rule, may infer only what is similar to the detail.", "7) When a general rule requires an explicit rule; when an explicit rule requires generalization.", "8) Something included in a general rule, which was singled out to teach— was not singled out to teach about itself, but to teach (something new) concerning the rule as a whole.", "9) Something that was included in a rule and was singled out in a case similar to its rule, —it was singled out to lessen not to increase the severity of the case.", "10) Something that was included in a rule and was singled out in a case which is not similar to its rule, —it was singled out either to lessen or to increase the severity of the case.", "11) Something that was included in a rule and was singled out for a new stipulation— does not revert to its rule unless Scripture restores it to its rule expressly.", "12) A matter deduced from its context, or from a subsequent expression.", "13) Also, two passages that contradict each other until a third passage reconciles them.", "May it be Your will Adonoy, our God and God of our fathers, that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days: and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years." ], "Kaddish DeRabbanan": [ "Kaddish is not the name generally given to this prayer in the Talmud. It is referred to there as “May His great Name...”, because the congregational response beginning with these words is the heart of this prayer. Only in one minor tractate, (Maseches Soferim 16, 19, and 21) is it referred to as Kaddish. Composed primarily in Aramaic, the language spoken and understood by most Jews in the Second Temple period (See Tosafos to Maseches Berachos 3a), nevertheless, several Hebrew phrases, which were familiar even to the unschooled, were also incorporated in the prayer. This particular form of Kaddish d’Rabanan, is so named because of the insertion of the paragraph which begins with the words “Upon Israel and upon our Sages, etc.” This Kaddish is recited following the study of Talmud or Midrash and invokes God’s blessings on the Sages of Jewry, the transmitters of the Oral Torah.", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "Upon Israel, and upon our Sages, and upon their disciples, and upon all the disciples of their disciples, and upon all those who engage in Torah study in this land and in every land. May there be unto them and unto you abundant peace, favor, kindness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance and redemption from their Father Who is in heaven and on earth, —and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ] } }, "Pesukei Dezimra": { "Introductory Psalm": [ "Psalm 30, once used to inaugurate the Holy Temple, is used today to inaugurate our daily prayers, for the synagogue is a “Holy Temple in miniature” and our prayers take the place of the sacrifices. It is both a prayer for success and a declaration of thanksgiving.", "A Psalm, a song for the inauguration of the Temple, by David.1Solomon built the Temple. Why, then, is its inauguration attributed to David? Rashi explains: David composed the song which would be sung at the inauguration later, in Solomon’s days. I will exalt You, Adonoy, for You have upheld me,2Radak writes that the Hebrew word דליתני is an expression used to describe either a down-trodden or an uplifted state. The downtrodden state of the Jewish people is actually part of their uplifting says the Sfas Emes, as it is said, “when I was brought low, He delivered me” (Psalms 116:6). “My downtrodden state was the cause of my salvation,” proclaims David, just as when one lowers a bucket (דלי) into a well in order to bring up the water. and not let my foes rejoice over me. Adonoy, my God, I cried out to You, and You healed me. Adonoy, You have raised my soul from the lower world. You have kept me alive, lest I descend to the Pit. Sing to Adonoy, [you,] His pious ones, and give thanks to His holy Name.3The literal translation of זכר קודשו is His ׳holy remembrance,’ but it refers to His Name; for the titles we bestow upon Him are our means of remembering Him.— Radak For His anger lasts only a moment,4A moment is a measure of time. God’s anger is limited to time (be it long or short) but God’s favor is unlimited.—Sfas Emes but there is [long] life, in His conciliation. In the evening, one retires weeping, but in the morning there is [a cry of] joy! I said, in my serenity, I would never be moved. [But,] Adonoy, it was Your will [alone] that established my mountain as a stronghold. When You concealed Your Presence, I was terrified. To You, Adonoy, I called, and my Master I beseeched. What gain is there in [the shedding of] my blood? In my going down to destruction? Will the dust acknowledge You? Will it proclaim Your truth? Hear [me] Adonoy, and be gracious to me, Adonoy, be a help to me. You have turned my mourning into dancing, You have loosened my sackcloth and supported me with joy. In order that my soul5The literal translation of כבוד is glory. Rabbi Yerucham Levovitz explained that the soul is called כבוד because its only function is to give glory to God. might sing to You and not be stilled, Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You." ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Barukh She'amar": [ "This blessing introduces the Pesukei Dezimrah . It was mentioned by Rabbi Isaac Alfasi (Rif) over 800 years ago in his commentary to Maseches Berachos 32. The Taz (Orach Chaim 51:1) states that this prayer was instituted by the “Men of the Great Assembly.” The blessing contains eighty-seven words suggesting the numerical value of פָּז poz, refined gold.", "Blessed is He Who spoke, and the world came into being, blessed is He; blessed is He Who maintains the creation; blessed is He Who says and does;1God’s saying and doing are synonymous and simultaneous as it is said, “By the word of God the heavens were made” (Psalms 33:6).—Etz Yosef blessed is He Who decrees and fulfills;2“Says and does” refers to those things that are not lasting and must be renewed whereas, “He decrees and fulfills,” refers to those things that have קיום, and last forever.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom blessed is He Who has compassion on the earth; blessed is He Who has compassion on the creatures;3Not only is God’s compassionate providence concerned with the earth and enduring things, but His compassion and providence extend even to those creatures which are destined to perish.—Avudraham blessed is He Who rewards well those who fear Him, blessed is He Who lives forever and exists eternally; blessed is He Who redeems and saves4God redeems those who are in captivity and saves others from being taken into captivity. blessed is His Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, the Almighty, the merciful Father, Who is verbally extolled by His people, praised and glorified by the tongue of His pious ones, and His servants, and through the songs of David Your servant. We will extoll You, Adonoy our God, with praises and psalms; we will exalt, praise, and glorify You; we will mention Your Name, and proclaim You—our King, our God. Unique One, Life of the worlds, King, praised and glorified forever is His great Name. Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Who is extolled with praises." ], "Hodu": [ "Give thanks to Adonoy, proclaim His Name; make His deeds1Make His Divine attributes (mercy, kindness, etc.) known to the world.—Siach Yitzchok known among the nations. Sing to Him, compose songs to Him, speak of all His wonders. Take pride2The Jew should be proud at being found worthy to utter God’s Name.—Siddur HaGra in [uttering] His holy Name, let the heart rejoice of those who seek3Seeking God is an end in itself and provides joy to those who earnestly seek Him.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy. Search for Adonoy and His might, seek His presence continually. Remember the wonders He has performed, His miracles,4His “miracles” were witnessed by Jew and Egyptian alike in Egypt. His “laws” are the Torah He gave us at Mt. Sinai.—Iyun Tefillah and the laws from His mouth. [You,] the seed of Israel5The entire section—the previous verses as well as the following verses—are addressed to the Jewish People, who are the seed of Israel, the chosen of God, who are asked to remember His wonders, miracles and laws.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom His servant, children of Jacob, His chosen ones. He is Adonoy our God; the entire earth is governed by His laws. Remember His covenant forever— the word He commanded to a thousand generations— which He made as a treaty with Abraham, and [which was] His oath to Isaac. He established it for Jacob as a statute, for Israel as an everlasting covenant.6This verse in following the preceding verse indicates that the original covenant which God made with Abraham was later confirmed to Isaac in an oath and then established for Jacob as a statute. After Jacob was given the name Israel, it became an everlasting covenant.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom Saying, To you I will give the Land of Canaan, the portion of your inheritance. When you were only few in number— very few, and strangers in it. They wandered from nation to nation, and from one kingdom to another people. He permitted no one to oppress them, and admonished kings7Both Pharaoh and Avimclcch were admonished for Abraham’s sake (Genesis 13:17; 20:3,7). for their sakes. Do not touch My anointed ones,8The Hebrew word משיחי can also be translated as “My great ones” and as such refers to the Patriarchs. “My prophets” refers to the Matriarchs, who were known to be prophets. Both were afforded extraordinary Divine protection.—Etz Yosef and do not harm My prophets.” Sing to Adonoy all the earth,9Siach Yitzchok maintains that this verse directs Jewry to sing to God in all the lands in which they are dispersed during their exile. Tzelosa d’Avrohom understands the verse to direct all the nations of the earth to sing to God. proclaim His deliverance from day to day.10a) We are to proclaim our deliverance by God even 7 day; b) We are to proclaim that our deliverance by God is a daily experience.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom Recount His glory among the nations, His wonders among all the peoples. For Adonoy is great and most extolled; Awesome is He above all gods. For all the gods of the peoples are idols, whereas Adonoy made the heavens.", "Beauty and splendor are before Him,11The word הוד (beauty) indicates that which is itself beautiful, while הדר (splendor) is the reflection of beauty. For example: the sun’s light is “beauty” itself while the moon’s light is splendor—a reflection of the sun.—Siddur HaGra strength and joy are in His presence. Give to Adonoy families of peoples— give to Adonoy glory and might. Give to Adonoy the glory due His Name, bring an offering and come before Him, prostrate yourselves before Adonoy in the splendor of holiness.12Etz Yosef understands this as the “holy splendor” of God’s Sanctuary. Tzelosa d’Avrohom sees it as the splendor and joy of worship before God, as contrasted with secular, frivolous manifestations of beauty and splendor. Tremble before Him all [peoples of] the earth, for He established the inhabited world so that it cannot be moved. The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult,13Simcha (rejoicing) describes one’s feelings at a new experience of happiness, whereas gila (exultation) describes the feeling one experiences over an ongoing situation of joy. Since there is nothing new on the earth ואין כל־חדש תחת השמש (Koheles 1:9), it is said the earth will exult (gila); but the heavens will rejoice (simcha) because there is חידוש in the heavens.—Vilna Gaon and they will proclaim among the nations: Adonoy has begun His reign. The sea and its fullness will roar; the field and all that is in it will jubilate. Then the trees of the forest will sing with joy, [receding] before Adonoy when He comes to judge the earth. Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good, for His kindness is everlasting. And say, “Deliver us, God of our deliverance; gather us and save us from the nations, to give thanks to Your holy Name, to be extolled in Your praise.”14The fact that we are privileged to sing Your praises and cling to You will make us praiseworthy.—Etz Yosef Blessed is Adonoy, the God of Israel for all eternity, and all the people said: “Amein” and [they] praised Adonoy.” Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool.15The Holy Temple. Holy is He!16Or Holy is it—i.e., the Temple. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain,17Mount Moriah, upon which the Holy Temple was built, is holy itself even when the Temple is destroyed. The previous verse refers to the time of the Temple, the second verse refers to the period of its destruction.—Etz Yosef for Adonoy our God is holy.", "And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage. You, Adonoy, withhold not Your mercy from me; may Your kindness and Your truth18חסד (kindness) is the good God bestows without a promise, whereas אמת (truth) is the fulfillment of His promise.—Siach Yitzchok always protect me. Remember Your mercies Adonoy and kindnesses, for they are from the beginning of the world.19God’s mercies to mankind started from the very day that Adam was created. God created the world in order to fill it with kindness as it is said: “A world of kindness was built” (Psalms 89:3).—Rashi Give might to God,20Attribute your victories to God’s might rather than to your own.—Siach Yitzchok. Rashbam and others hold that since God’s actions are a reflection of Israel’s deeds, the latter are, in a sense, the source of His might. Thus when Israel follows the wishes of God, they give might to Him. His pride (majesty) hovers over Israel, and His might is in the clouds. You are awesome, God, from Your Sanctuaries,21There is a spiritual Temple in the heavens which corresponds to the Temple on earth.—Radak. The Talmud (Maseches Zevachim 115b) notes that the word ממקדשיך may also be read ממקדשיך, from Your holy people, indicating that God is especially demanding of the most adherent to the Torah. When this occurs, the world is filled with awe and fear of God. Almighty of Israel—He grants might and power to the people; blessed is God. Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy, Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself.22These two verses (94:1-2) are an appeal to God during a time fraught with the sufferings of exile, when it seems as if God has forsaken His people. He is urged to reveal Himself as the Mighty champion of justice—S.R. Hirsch Arise, Judge of the earth! Repay the arrogant their just reward. Deliverance is Adonoy’s.23Only God knows what is true deliverance for a person. Prayer is not always answered, because God in His infinite wisdom knows that granting the request is not always for our benefit. We must therefore bless and offer thanks to God regardless of whether our petition has been granted.—Siach Yitzchok Upon Your people is Your blessing. Selah. Adonoy of Hosts is with us, a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob. Selah. Adonoy of Hosts! Fortunate is the man who trusts in You. Adonoy, deliver [us]. The King will answer us on the day we call.", "Deliver Your people and bless Your inheritance, tend them and uplift them forever.24Radak understands David to be asking God to raise the People of Israel above their enemies. Ibn Ezra says that God is being asked to act like a shepherd who brings his flock to high ground to save them from beasts of prey. Our soul yearned for Adonoy, our help and our shield is He. For in Him our hearts will rejoice, for in His holy Name we trusted. May Your kindness, Adonoy, be upon us, as we have waited for You. Show us Your kindness, Adonoy, and grant25We hope to earn redemption through our deeds, but if we are found wanting, then “show us Your kindness”—overlook our deficiencies and “grant” us salvation.—Radak us Your deliverance. Arise—come to our aid, and redeem us for the sake of Your kindness. I am Adonoy, Your God, Who brought you up from the land of Egypt; open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.26Request all that you desire and I will fulfill every request.—Ibn Ezra. The Jerusalem Talmud (Maseches Taanis 3:6) indicates that the more one requests God׳s providence—the “wider he opens his mouth”—the more he shows his belief in God’s ability to provide all of man’s needs. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus, fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. In Your loving kindness I trust, My heart will exult in Your deliverance; I will sing to Adonoy, for He dealt kindly with me.27The foremost level of man’s trust in God is manifested in three situations: a) when he is confronted with trouble, b) when he seeks help, and c) after he has been helped. The Psalmist says: In my time of trouble, I trust in Your kindliness; I seek only Your help, for my heart exults in Your salvation; and I will sing to You afterwards for You have dealt kindly with me.—Siddur HaGra" ], "Mizmor Letoda": [ "Psalm 100 was recited in the Temple only on those days when thank-offerings were offered on the Altar. It is therefore omitted on Shabbos, on Yom Tov, on the day before Yom Kippur, on the day before Pesach, and also on the intermediate days of Pesach, when only obligatory-offerings were offered. Our Sages declare (Midrash Rabbah Tzav, 9) “In the future, even though all things on earth will be in such an ideal state that there will be no more cause for prayers and offerings, prayers of gratitude, and offerings of thanksgiving will nevertheless not cease.” Ordinarily, when a person is saved from a fatal illness, is released from captivity, or returns from a risky journey, he pronounces the special blessing Hagomeil. Our Sages, instituted psalm 100 in our daily prayers as an expression of thanks for the many unrecognized miracles God performs in our behalf every day.", "A psalm of thanksgiving: Shout for joy to Adonoy, everyone on earth. Serve Adony with joy,1To serve God means to devote every moment of one’s life to the execution of God’s will. We are called upon to dedicate ourselves to this life of Divine service with rejoicing, for only such a life can give us the true joy that comes from constant spiritual and moral growth.—S.R. Hirsch come before Him with exultation. Know that Adonoy is God, He has made us, and we are His,2As is pointed out by the written form לא, which indicates “we are nothing,” we are not even the most insignificant part of our existence to ourselves. In fact, the more we realize that we are לא, insignificant, the more לו אנחנו, we are His.—Sfas Emes His people and the sheep of His pasturing. Enter His gates3The gates of the Temple Mount. with thanksgiving, His courtyards4The courts of the holy Temple. with praise. Give thanks to Him, bless His Name for Adonoy is good, His loving kindness is eternal, and to every generation His faithfulness [extends.]" ], "Yehi Chevod": [ "This prayer, mentioned in Maseches Sof’rim 17:11 is a collection of 18 verses from Psalms, Chronicles, and Proverbs, in which the Divine Name (הויה) is mentioned 18 times. Great care should be taken to pronounce the “Name” with the utmost concentration, keeping in mind that He is the Supreme Master of all that exists.", "The glory of Adonoy will endure forever; Adonoy will rejoice in His works.1Psalms 104:31. The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever. From the rising of the sun to its setting, praised is the Name of Adonoy. High above all nations is Adonoy, above the heavens is His glory.2Psalms 113:4. Adonoy, Your Name3God’s “Name” is the name spelled Yud-Hey-Vuv-Hey. is forever, Adonoy, Your Mention4God’s “mention” is the name spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud. In this world God’s name is only written as Y-H-V-H but is pronouced Adonoy. In the future world, however, God’s Name will be pronounced as it is written. Thus the Psalmist means: “Your Name is eternal, but Your mention is solely from generation to generation.—Siach Yitzchok is for generations.5Psalms 135:13. Adonoy has established His throne in heaven, [but] His dominion rules over all.6Psalms 103:19. The heavens will rejoice, the earth will exult, and they will proclaim among the nations: Adonoy has begun His reign.7I Chronicles 16:31. Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King; Adonoy will be King forever and ever.” Adonoy will reign for all eternity [when] nations have perished from His earth.8Psalms 10:16. Adonoy annuls the counsel of nations, He disrupts the intention of peoples.9Psalms 33:10. Many thoughts are in the heart of man, but [only] Adonoy’s counsel will endure.10Proverbs 19:21. The counsel of Adonoy will stand forever, the thoughts of His heart throughout all generations.11Psalms 33:11. For He spoke and it came to be; He commanded and it stood.12Psalms 33:9. For Adonoy has chosen Zion; He desired it for His dwelling place.13Psalms 132:13. For God chose Jacob to be His, Israel for His treasure.14Psalms 135:4. For Adonoy will not cast off His people, and His inheritance, He will not abandon.15Psalms 94:13. And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity; and does not destroy. He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.16Psalms 78:38. Adonoy, deliver [us!] The King will answer us on the day we call.17Psalms 20:10." ], "Ashrei": [ "Rav S.R. Hirsch writes that the six concluding chapters of the Book of Psalms are the most important gift of David’s Divinely-inspired hymns that Israel treasures so greatly. These six psalms, 145-150, are an essential component of our daily prayers. Our Sages attach much significance to Psalm 145 in particular, and stated: “Whoever recites ‘A praise by David’ three times a day is assuredly worthy of a share in the world to come” (Maseches Berachos 4b). When recited in prayer this psalm is always introduced with two verses from other Psalms (84:5 and 144:15). These verses contain the word fortunate three times, an allusion to this psalm being recited three times a day. These verses are so closely identified with Psalm 145 that it is commonly referred to as Ashrei (Fortunate).", "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house;1This verse referred to the Kohanim and the Levites who served (dwelt) in the Holy Temple (Your House); it is at all times applicable to scholars and devout men who study and pray in houses of worship and study. may they continue to praise You, Selah.2Psalms 84:5. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God.3Psalms 144:15. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You4According to Rav S.R. Hirsch, David here declares, “I will dedicate myself to serve You and to fulfill Your will in loyal obedience,” for in serving God, man causes His Name to be blessed. and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works, and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words5Not simply נפלאתיך—a report of Your wonders—but דברי נפלאתיך the “words”—the lessons that Your wonders teach.—S.R. Hirsch of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they6People in general will speak of God’s wondrous might in punishing the wicked (Sodom, Egypt, etc.) while David will proclaim that God’s greatness is measured more by His kindliness than by His awesomeness.—Siach Yitzchok will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and merciful,7He is gracious in bestowing reward and merciful in punishment.—Siach Yitzchok slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You.8Your works, which are the cause of your being thanked by sensitive people; similarly, cause your pious ones to bless You.—based on S.R. Hirsch. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak, and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways and benevolent in all His deeds.9The penalties for transgressions are just, but God is gracious in the actual punishment inflicted on the sinner.—Siddur HaGra Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth.10He is near to all who call upon Him, but His nearness can be perceived only by those who call upon Him in truth, who truly mean to have God enter into their lives.—S.R. Hirsch The will of those who fear Him, He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them.11While God hears all who cry unto Him in truth. He answers those who fear Him, who subject their desires to His will.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now forever. Praise God.12Psalms 115:18. You should pause between עולם and הללויה. Similarly, in all the Psalms, the word הללויה is not connected to the preceding verse." ], "Psalm 146": [ "Praise God! My soul, praise Adonoy. I will praise Adonoy with my life; I will sing to my God as long as I live. Do not place your trust [even] in noble men,13According to the Sages, it is implied that one should not rely even on the merit of his sainted ancestors, the Patriarchs, for deliverance. in man who has no [power of] deliverance. [When] his spirit departs, he returns to his earth;14Only the four cubits of ground which will receive him one day are his; of all the world they are the one possession which is guaranteed to him.—S.R. Hirsch on that day his plans come to naught. Fortunate [is he] when the Almighty of Jacob is his help,15Jacob, more than anyone, sensed God’s nearness and protection throughout his difficult life and through all the trials to which he was subjected.—S.R. Hirsch whose expectation is on Adonoy, his God. He makes heaven and earth, the sea and all that is in them; He keeps His promises faithfully forever.16He alone has always proven dependable and faithful, for there are no limits to His essence and to His power.—Ibn Ezra, Radak He performs justice for the oppressed; He gives bread to the hungry; Adonoy releases the imprisoned. Adonoy gives sight to the blind; Adonoy straightens the bent. Adonoy loves the righteous. Adonoy protects strangers; the orphan and widow He enables to stand firm; and the way of the wicked He thwarts. Adonoy will reign forever; your God, Zion, throughout all generations. Praise God." ], "Psalm 147": [ "Praise God! for it is good to sing to our God; for [His] praise is pleasant, befitting. The builder of Jerusalem is Adonoy; the banished ones of Israel He will gather. [He is] the Healer of the broken-hearted and [also] binds up their wounds.17Others render “their sorrows.” Both translations co-exist! God not only heals their physical pains but also abbreviates their sorrows as well. He fixes the number of stars; He calls all of them by names.18Not one of the myriad stars was created accidentally; each has a unique purpose and function.—Siach Yitzchok Great is our Master and abundant in power; His understanding is beyond reckoning. Adonoy causes the humble to stand firm; He casts down the wicked to the ground. Cry out to Adonoy in thanksgiving; sing to our God with the harp.19Each musical instrument has its unique function. In the times of King David, the harp was used to arouse those who slept. The psalmist may be indicating that the harp arouses the sleeping soul of man to recognition of the miraculous ways in which God shows His Divine Providence for us every day.—Siach Yitzchok [He] Who covers the heaven with clouds, Who prepares rain for the earth; Who causes grass to grow upon the hills. Who gives the animal its fodder; [also] to the young ravens which call. Not the power of the horse does He desire, nor the thighs of man does He want.20God does not delight in those who place their trust in the strength of horses or in their own strength.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom Adonoy wants those who fear Him, those who hope for His kindliness. Jerusalem, praise Adonoy; Zion, extol your God.21The Psalmist addresses the dwellers in Jerusalem and Zion, not the city itself.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom For He has fortified the bars of your gates; He has blessed your children in your midst. He established peace at your border; with prime wheat He satisfies you. He dispatches His command earthward; His word races swiftly. He provides snow like fleece, He scatters frost like ashes. He hurls His ice like crumbs; who can withstand His cold? He dispatches His word and melts them; He blows His wind, they flow as water. He declares His word to Jacob, His statutes and His laws to Israel.22Israel is the receiver and preserver of God’s divine Law, the Torah, which includes chukim, statutes which confine the physical, sensual aspects of man within the bounds of moral purity, and also mishpotim, laws which govern communal life. Among the nations, law is determined by the views they hold at a given time and place concerning the needs of a society, and so their laws are based on expediency.—S.R. Hirsch He did not do so to any [other] nation; and of His laws they were not informed. Praise God." ], "Psalm 148": [ "Praise God. Praise Adonoy from the sky; Praise Him in the heights! Praise Him, all His angels; Praise Him, all His hosts! Praise Him, sun and moon; Praise Him, all the stars of light. Praise Him, skies of skies, and the waters that are above the skies.23Genesis 1:6-7 indicates that there are waters above the heavens. They will praise the Name of Adonoy, for He commanded it and they were created. He established them for all time,24The heavenly bodies, unlike humans and earthly things, were created from materials that do not deteriorate.—Kuzari for as long as the world exists; He decreed it and it is unalterable.25None of the heavenly bodies transgresses the Divine decree about its functions in the role for which it was created. The sun never violates its mandate to serve by day or the moon by night. According to Ibn Ezra, the verse might also be translated “He issued a decree which will not pass away,” for God’s decree is permanent and immutable. Praise Adonoy from the earth, sea-monsters and all [that dwell in] the depths. Fire and hail, snow and vapor, stormwind, [all] fulfilling His word. The mountains and all the hills, fruit trees and all cedars. Wild beasts and all animals, creeping things and winged fowl. Earthly kings and all peoples, ministers and all earthly judges. Young men and also maidens, elders together with lads.26Elders and youngsters praise God together while the young men must be separated from the maidens. In the Temple separate facilities were erected for the women. So too must there be separate seating in our synagogues. They will praise the Name of Adonoy, for His Name alone is exalted; His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the Children of Israel, the people near27The fulfillment of the last two verses will take place in the Messianic era. to Him. Praise God." ], "Psalm 149": [ "Praise God. Sing a new song to Adonoy,28The old songs will not suffice to express the joy at the wonders in the Messianic future.—Radak His praise in the assembly of the pious. Israel will rejoice in its Maker; the children of Zion will exult in their King.29Israel is the nation as a whole, the children of Zion are the elite of the people.—Seporno They will praise His Name with dance; with drum and harp they will make music to Him. Because Adonoy desires His people; He will adorn the humble with deliverance.30Although God desires all His people, nevertheless, our ultimate salvation will come through the merit of His humble ones.—Rav Simcha Bunim of Preshischa The pious will rejoice in honor; they will sing joyously upon their beds. High praises of the Almighty in their throats, and a double-edged sword in their hand.31One’s praise of God emanating from deep within him, (not mere lip service) becomes a two-edged sword, for it protects him against attack from his fellow men and it guards him from adversity in the approaching Divine judgment.—S.R. Hirsch To perform vengeance upon the nations, chastisement upon the peoples. To bind their kings with chains, and their nobles with iron fetters. To execute upon them [the] written judgment; it32The Divine judgment itself is honor and recognition for those who commit their entire lives and efforts to God.—S.R. Hirsch is the splendor of all His pious ones. Praise God." ], "Psalm 150": [ "Praise God. Praise the Almighty in His Sanctuary33His “Sanctuary” refers to the world of angels who minister to Him as He appears on His throne.—Radak Praise God in the firmament of His might34The firmament of His might refers to the heavenly spheres through which God reveals His mastery over the physical world.—Radak Praise Him for His mighty deeds; Praise Him according to the abundance of His greatness. Praise Him with the blowing of the shofar;35The shofar is the solemn instrument which awakens and calls us to God.—S.R. Hirsch praise Him with lyre and harp.36Lyre and harp are instruments which express man’s meditation upon God.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with drum and dance.37Drum and dance are public manifestations of exultation in God.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with stringed instruments and flute.38Stringed instruments and the flute may serve to express the quieter rejoicing of an individual.׳—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with resounding cymbals.39The cymbal is an instrument of extremely loud sound which may serve to call whole groups to attentive participation.—S.R. Hirsch Praise Him with clanging cymbals. Let every soul praise God. Praise God. Let every soul praise God. Praise God.40This verse is repeated to mark the end of the psalms included in the Pesukei Dezimrah.—Avudraham" ], "Closing Verses": [ "The following selected verses from Psalms mark the close of the individual books of Psalms. Eitz Yoseif notes that these verses may constitute a sort of blessing marking the close of the Pesukei Dezimrah.", "Blessed is Adonoy forever, Amein and Amein!41Psalms 89:53. God is the eternal source of blessing. We merely declare His blessedness, we do not bless Him. Blessed is Adonoy from Zion, Who dwells in Jerusalem. Praise God.42Psalms 135:21. Blessed is Adonoy, God, God of Israel Who alone performs wonders.43“Alone” means without intermediaries (Malbim); also without the beneficiary’s awareness.—(Vilna Gaon) And blessed is the Name of His glory forever, and may His glory fill the whole earth. Amein and Amein!44Psalms 72:18-19. This verse will be fulfilled in Messianic times when all men will be invested with a true awareness of God’s majesty. The prophet (Isaiah 11:9) foretells, “For (then) the earth shall be filled with the knowledge of Adonoy as the waters cover the sea.”—Radak" ], "Vayevarech David": [ "The following selections are additions to the Pesukei Dezimrah. The custom of reciting them is mentioned as early as the Gaonic era, specifically by Rav Amram Gaon. The first four verses (1 Chronicles 29:10-13) relate David’s blessing to God, when he presented the gold, silver, and jewels he amassed for the construction of the Holy Temple. It was a day of great rejoicing as, following David’s example, the leaders and princes also presented generous gifts for the construction of the Temple. These verses were incorporated into our daily prayers because they speak so eloquently of God’s majesty, and of the Divine providence which is the source of the power, riches, might, and honor of all human beings.", "There is a custom that the following until אַתָּה הוּא יְהֹוָה הָאֱלֹהִים should be said standing.", "And David blessed Adonoy in the presence of all the assembly; and David said, Blessed are You, Adonoy, God of Israel, our father,45David singles out Jacob because he was the first Patriarch to mention building a house of God (Genesis 28:22), “Then shall this stone which I have set for a pillar be God’s house.”—Radak forever and ever. Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory the victory and the beauty,46David thus renders unto God the greatness God has given him. His might in war, his victories in battle, and the majesty of his kingdom, are all due to God’s providence.—Iyun T’filah for all that is in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom and You are uplifted, [supreme] over all rulers. The riches and the honor come from You, and You rule over all; in Your hand are power and might, and [it is] in Your hand to bestow greatness and strength upon all. And now, our God, we give thanks to You and praise Your glorious Name.47I Chronicles 29:10-13." ], "Ata Hu": [ "You alone are Adonoy;48This is an affirmation of God’s unity: “Adonoy is One.” The next six verses are taken from Nehemiah 9:6-11. They are the last words of praise found in Scripture. You have made the skies, the skies of skies49This denotes the highest of the seven heavens. and all their hosts,50This signifies the sun, moon, and stars. the earth and all that is upon it, the seas and all that is in them; and You give life to all of them, and the heavenly hosts51These are the angelic beings that worship Adonoy. bow before You. You are Adonoy, the God Who chose Avrom, and brought him out of Ur Kasdim and established his name (as) Avrohom.52This was not a mere changing of names. Abraham was elevated and attained new stature as a patriarch by virtue of his new name. And You found his heart faithful before You,53This was demonstrated when he was ready to sacrifice Isaac.", "and You made the covenant with him54In some congregations, וכרות is recited responsively on the day of a circumcision. Consequently, some siddurim indicate that a new paragraph begins here. But it is actually a continuation of the verse. to give the land of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Amorites, the Perizites, the Jebusites, and the Girgashites, to give to his seed; and You kept Your word, for You are righteous. And You saw the affliction of our fathers in Egypt, and their cry You heard at the Sea of Reeds. And You imposed signs and wonders against Pharaoh and all his servants and all the people of his land, for You knew that they acted malevolently against them;55Them, i.e., the Jews in Egypt. and (thus) You have made a name for Yourself, like this day.56The miracles and wonders of the Exodus have not and will not be forgotten. Each generation reaffirms its testimony to God’s might against the Egyptians and thus the event remains as vivid and real as though it occurred today. And the sea, You split before them, and they went through the midst of the sea on the dry land; and their pursuers You hurled into the depths, like a stone into mighty waters.57Nechemyah 9:6-11" ], "Az Yashir": [ "In Temple times Shiras Hayam, the Song of the Sea, was sung by the Levites when the daily afternoon sacrifice was offered.1Maseches Rosh Hashanah 31a, mentions that the Ode was sung at Minchah on Shabbos. After the destruction, the Jews of the Holy Land continued the tradition, reciting the Shira at the end of the Pesukei Dezimrah. The custom spread to Italy and from there to other Jewish communities. This daily recital is mentioned by Rav Saadya Gaon but not as an obligatory part of the service. Rambam calls it a “custom.”2Hilchos Tefillah 7:13. Subsequently adopted by all communities, reciting the Shira became an integral part of our daily prayers. Some hold that the Shira should be chanted aloud while standing. It should be sung with joy as at the time of the Exodus. “Sheloh” writes that reciting the Shira atones for sin, so that if one wishes to repent a serious sin, he should recite the Shira every day with great fervor. The Zohar says, “If one recites this song with elation and joy, he will be worthy to sing it in the next world. He will also be worthy to sing it when he greets the Messiah.”", "On that day,3Even though they had been freed a week earlier, they were insecure, fearing that the Egyptians would capture and re-enslave them. Only when God had drowned the Egyptians were the Israelites psychologically free.—Seporno Adonoy delivered Israel from the hand of Egypt, and Israel saw the Egyptians dead on the seashore. And Israel saw the great hand4The use of the word “hand” or any physical attribute with regard to God is merely metaphorical, since God is in no way physical. which Adonoy wielded against Egypt, and the people feared Adonoy, and they believed in Adonoy, and that Moses was His servant.", "Then Moses and the Children of Israel sang this song to Adonoy, and they said: I will sing to Adonoy for He is most high;5When people praise a mortal, they often declare undeserved praise. But God is so great that any praise we offer is insufficient.—Rashi the horse with its rider, He threw into the sea. The strength and retribution of God was the cause of my deliverance;6This translation follows Rashi’s commentary. this is my Almighty and I will glorify Him, God of my father and I will exalt Him. Adonoy is master of war Adonoy is His Name. Pharaoh’s chariots and army, He hurled into the sea; and his elite officers were drowned in the Sea of Reeds. The deep waters covered them; they descended into the depths like stone. Your right hand Adonoy is adorned with power, Your right hand Adonoy crushes the enemy. And in Your great majesty, You destroyed Your opponents; You sent forth Your fury, it consumed them like straw.7This verse is also translated, “You will send forth Your fury: it will consume them like straw.” According to the Zohar, it thus refers to the time of the Resurrection, when God will destroy all the wicked. And with the wind from Your nostrils the waters were heaped up, flowing water stood erect like a wall; the deep waters congealed in the heart of the sea.8The water became hard as stone and the Egyptians were hurled against it with great force.—Rash i The enemy (Pharaoh) said: I will pursue [them], I will overtake [them], I will divide the spoils; I will satisfy myself; I will unsheathe my sword, my hand will destroy them. You blew with Your wind, the sea covered them; they sank like lead in the mighty waters.9Seporno and others interpret the verse to read: “They, the mighty, sank like lead in the waters,” “mighty,” referring to the Egyptian officers rather than to the waters. Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! who is like You? [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders.10God is “awesome in praise” for we fear that all our praise will prove inadequate. In truth, it is impossible to praise God fully, and David therefore said (Psalms 65:2) “For You, silence is praise.”—Rashi You stretched out Your right hand, the earth swallowed them. You led in Your kindliness, the people whom You redeemed; You guided them with Your might to Your holy dwelling place. The peoples heard and trembled, pangs of fear gripped the inhabitants of Philistia.11The Philistines had killed the Ephraimites thirty years earlier when they left Egypt by force. The Philistines were thus gripped with terror when they heard that Israel had escaped from Egypt.—Rashi Then the chieftains of Edom panicked, the mighty men of Moab were seized with trembling, all the inhabitants of Canaan melted away.12Nations on all sides panicked: The Philistines to the west, the Edomites to the south, the Moabites to the east and the Canaanites to the north. The Philistines feared revenge. The Edomites panicked because they feared that Israel would now seek revenge for what Esau (Edom) had done to Jacob. The Moabites, the descendants of Lot, feared they would be punished because of the dispute between Lot and Abraham (Genesis 13:7). Canaan “melted away” because they realized that Israel was destined to take their land, and their astrologers told them that there was no way out.—Rabbeinu Bachya Terror and dread fall upon them; at the greatness of Your arm they were still as stone; until Your people cross over, Adonoy, until [they] cross over,13The two crossings are the respective crossings of the Arnon and the Jordan rivers before entering the Promised Land.—Onkelos —the people You have acquired. You will bring them and plant them14Moses here prophesied that he would not be entering the Promised Land, and he therefore prayed that God should bring the Jews into His inheritance.— Rashi on the mountain of Your inheritance, the place for Your habitation which You, Adonoy, have made; the Sanctuary, my Master, [which] Your hands established.15God’s “habitat” on earth, the Holy Temple, is a parallel of the Holy Temple on high.—Rashi Adonoy will reign forever and ever.16This verse is not repeated in Exodus. But it is repeated in prayer to signify the end of the Ode, just as the last verse of Psalms 150 is repeated in the prayer whereas it is not repeated in the Book of Psalms.—Avudraham Adonoy will reign forever and ever. Adonoy! His sovereignty is established forever and to all eternity.17This verse is a paraphrase of the previous verse as found in Targum Onkelos. When Pharaoh’s horses, with his chariots, and his horsemen, went into the sea, Adonoy turned back on them the waters of the sea; and the Children of Israel walked on dry land in the midst of the sea.18Exodus 14:30-15:19. For the kingship is Adonoy’s and He rules over nations.19Psalms 22:29. The word “king” signifies one whose leadership is accepted freely by all his subjects. Therefore, in reference to Israel who willingly accept the Kingship of God, it says, “For the kingship is Adonoy’s.” A “ruler,” however, is one who forcibly rules people, without their consent. Regarding the nations who do not willingly submit to Adonoy’s Kingship, the Psalmist says, “And He rules over nations.”—Vilna Gaon And deliverers will go up to Mount Zion to judge Mount Esau, and the kingdom will be Adonoy’s.20Ovadyah 1:21. And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.21Zecharyah 14:9. In the future, God will be recognized by all the nations of the world who will accept Him willingly as their King." ], "Yishtabach": [ "Praised be Your Name forever,1Your praise is unlimited in terms of time; You will be praised forever.—Ya’avetz our King, Almighty the great and holy King in heaven2Your praise is unlimited in terms of place; You will be praised in heaven as well as on earth.—Ya’avetz and on earth. For to You it is fitting [to offer] Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, song and praise, glorification and hymns, [to proclaim Your] strength and dominion, victory, grandeur, and might, praise and glory, holiness and sovereignty, blessings and thanksgivings,3Fifteen words of praise and adoration are enumerated. Hebrew is remarkably rich in the vocabulary of adoration and worship. As Latin is the language of war and Greek of oratory, so is Hebrew the language of prayer.—Midrash from now and forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Almighty, King [Who is] great in [our] praise Almighty, of [to Whom we offer our] thanksgiving, Master of [Whom we praise for His] wonders,4These lines were adapted from the explanation of the Tzelosa d’Avrohom. the Selector of song-hymns, You are the King, Almighty, Life of [all] the worlds. " ], "Psalm 130": [ "During the Ten Days of Penitence add:", "A Song of Ascents. Out of the depths I have called to You, Adonoy. My Master, hear my voice; let Your ears be attentive to the voice of my supplications. If You God should take account of iniquities, my Master, who could survive? For with You is forgiveness, in order that You be feared. I hope for Adonoy, my soul hopes; and for His word, I wait. My soul [waits] for my Master more than the watchman [waits] for the morning, [more than] the watchman [waits] for the morning. Wait, Israel, upon Adonoy, for with Adonoy there is loving-kindness, and with Him there is much redemption. And He will redeem Israel from all its iniquities." ], "Half Kaddish": [ "The Half-Kaddish is recited by the Chazzan. Here, as elsewhere in the Liturgy, the Half-Kaddish marks the end of a distinct section of the prayers, in this case, the Pesukei Dezimrah. It is called the Half-Kaddish, the final three verses of the complete Kaddish having been omitted.", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ] }, "Blessings of the Shema": { "Barchu": [ "It has become a universally-accepted custom to recite Barechu before proceeding to the blessings of Shema. Barechu, like Kaddish and Kedushah, cannot be recited unless a quorum—a minyan of ten adult males—is present. Barechu is also said by one who is called upon to read from the Torah. The practice of saying Barechu is mentioned numerous times in the Talmud. It is even cited in the Mishna (Maseches Berachos 49b) in the names of Rabbi Akiva and Rabbi Yishmael.", "The Chazzan says:", "Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever.", "The two blessings יוֹצֵר אוֹר “He Who forms light” and אַהֲבָה רַבָּה “Great love,” are referred to as the blessings preceding Shema (Maseches Berachos 11a). According to Rambam they were formulated by Ezra and his Court (Laws of Shema 1:7). You may not interrupt your prayers from this point on until after the Shemoneh Esrei. But you may answer “Amein” to the blessings of הָאֵל הַקָּדוֹשׁ “The holy Powerful One” and שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה “He Who heeds prayer;” say the thrice-repeated קָדוֹשׁ “Holy…” and בָּרוּךְ כְּבוֹד “Blessed is the glory…” of Kedushah; and answer Barechu. You may also answer אָמֵן יְהֵא שְׁמֵהּ רַבָּא “Amein, May His great Name,” when you hear Kaddish.” You may also answer Amein after the blessings of יוֹצֵר הַמְּאוֹרוֹת, “Who forms the luminaries,” and הַבּוֹחֵר בְּעַמּוֹ יִשְׂרָאֵל בְּאַהֲבָה, “Who chooses His people Israel with love.” For a more detailed exposition of these laws, see Metsudah Kitzur Shulchan Aruch, Vol. I, pp. 172-176." ], "First Blessing before Shema": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Former1Forming, יוצר, is the act of refining or modifying an original substance, whereas, creating, בורא, refers to creating the original substance from nothing. For example, when one shapes a wooden table, to make it round, he “forms” the wood, the original substance which was “created.” Similarly, God “forms the light” which is His act of modifying or limiting the darkness He created.—Siddur HaGra of light, Creator of darkness, Maker2Making, עושה, is the act of completion, such as when one completes a table by painting it. Similarly, God’s finishing touch of creation is “making peace,” the vessel that holds it all together, as stated in the Mishna, “God found no vessel to contain blessing other than peace.” לא מצא הקב״ה כלי מחזיק ברכה אלא השלום—Siddur HaGra of peace, Creator3The verse in Isaiah 45:7, on which this blessing is based concludes with the words, “and creates evil.” In His original creation, God created the potential for evil, which He constantly limits and controls as the Former and Maker.—Siddur HaGra of all things.", "He illuminates the earth [and provides light] for those who dwell on it, with compassion;4God causes light to appear in stages, gradually. This is an act of great compassion for if He made it appear all at once, we would be overwhelmed and blinded by its brightness.— Avudraham and in His goodness renews every day, continually,5God is not a far-off observer of a mechanism which He created and ignores, but a Living Ruler, Who guides the universe and continually maintains it. the work of creation. How many are Your works, Adonoy; You made them all with wisdom, the earth is full of Your possessions.6Lit., Your acquisitions: See Genesis 14:22. The King Who alone is exalted from then,7I.e., before Creation, See p. 9: God was King before all creatures were created. Who is praised and glorified and uplifted, from the beginning of time.8I.e., after Creation. Ever since Creation, God has been praised and glorified by His creatures. Eternal God, in Your abundant mercy, have compassion on us, Master, Who is our strength, Rock, Who is our stronghold Shield, of our deliverance, [Be] a stronghold for us. The blessed Almighty, great in knowledge, prepared and made the rays of the sun. [The] Good [One] created [everything] for the glory of His Name:9See Isaiah 43:7: “All that is called by My Name, I have created for My glory.”—Avudraham the luminaries He set around His strength (His throne). The chiefs of His hosts are holy beings,10“Holy beings” are angels. In Hebrew, the word for angels means messenger, and includes all the instruments of Divine purpose, whether in human form, or in the forces of nature.—Kuzari the exalters of Shadai11A name of God (Genesis 17:1; 35:11; 43:14, etc.) which refers to His setting boundaries and limits throughout creation. continually recount the glory of the Almighty and His holiness. Be Blessed, Adonoy, our God, for the excellent works of Your hands,12The Heavenly throne is thus conceived of as surrounded by angels and all the adoring heavenly bodies.—See Isaiah 6:12 and for the light-giving luminaries which You formed; they will glorify You forever.13Those of His creatures capable of praising Him do so. The rest are evidence of His astonishing wisdom and arouse the others to praise Him.", "Be blessed our Former,14Some render צורנו “our Rock.” The Gaon of Vilna, however, maintains that it refers to God as our Creator, thus describing Him in the tri-epochal aspect of His Unity: past, present, and future. He was our Creator, He is our King, and He will be our Redeemer. our King, and our Redeemer—Creator of holy beings.15These are the Jewish People, who are sanctified in body and soul. The word Creator implies a creation of real substance—the Jewish People rather than angels.—Vilna Gaon Praised be Your Name forever, our King, Who forms ministering angels; and Whose ministering angels all stand at the height of the Universe, and proclaim with reverence, in unison aloud the words of the living God, King of the Universe. All of them are beloved,16Beloved—there is no envy, jealousy or rivalry among them. Pure—they have no selfish or ulterior motives; they serve God with all their being.—Siddur HaGra all of them are pure, all of them are mighty and all of them perform with awe and reverence the will of their Possessor. And they all open their mouths in holiness and purity, with song and music, and they bless, and praise, and glorify, and revere, and sanctify, and proclaim the sovereignty of—", "the Name of the Almighty, the King, the Great, the Mighty, the awesome One; holy17Despite the attributes we use to describe Him, He remains holy—beyond our conception. is He. And they all take upon themselves the yoke18The yoke of Divine Sovereignty is borne willingly and joyfully by each creature as an emblem of his free service to God.—S.R. Hirsch of Divine sovereignty one from the other, and give leave to one another19They take care not to precede one another in their praise of God. On the contrary, each says to the other, “You begin, because you are greater and more worthy than I.”—Avos of R’ Nosson to sanctify their Former in a spirit of serenity with clear speech and pleasantness,20The clear speech of the angels is the holy tongue (pure Hebrew).—Ya’avetz all exclaim Kedushah in unison and reverently exclaim:", "Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.21Isaiah 6:3. Targum Yonoson paraphrases this verse: “Holy [is God] in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His almighty power; holy [is He] forever and for all eternity.” The Talmud, (Masechcs Chulin 91b) refers to this verse as the “Sanctification of the Angels.” According to Avudraham and Ya’avetz; this Kedushah has been inserted here to refute those who maintain that God relinquished His control over the heavenly bodies, and they are now able to function independently. We are therefore told that all the heavenly hosts proclaim God’s sanctification and dominion over all the universe.", "And the Ofanim22Ofanim, Chayos haKodesh, and Serafim are various classes of Angels. Ofanim denotes animated wheels as conceived in association with the Heavenly throne. (Avudraham); Chayos are those angels who exist eternally (Ya’avetz; some angels exist only for short times for specific functions.) Serafim indicate “beings of fire.” and the holy Chayos, with a mighty sound rise toward the Serafim. Facing them, they offer praise and say,", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.23Ezekiel 3:12. According to the Kuzari, God’s glory is a euphemism for God Himself. Thus the verse means, “Blessed is Adonoy from His place,” conveying this concept: God is more blessed (i.e., greater) than His place; He is not confined to any place. Another view set forth in the Kuzari is that “God’s glory” includes the angels. His throne, His chariot, the firmament, and the spheres. These are called God’s glory, similar to a king’s retinue, which is his royal splendor.", "To the Blessed Almighty, they24The angels. offer pleasant melodies; to the King, the Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring, they utter hymns and make praises heard. For He alone is the Performer of mighty deeds, Maker of new things; Master of battles, Sower of acts of righteousness,25Rabbi Pinchos ben Ya’ir was given two measures of barley for safekeeping. The owner forgot about it for a number of years. Rabbi Pinchos ben Ya’ir planted the barley seed, and each year replanted the previous year’s harvest until it grew to be a substantial crop. After seven years, the owner returned to claim his two measures of barley and Rabbi Pinchos told him, “Come I will show you the great fortune you have accumulated.” God does the same with the good and righteous deeds of man. He sows each righteous deed, and when the person is ready to receive his reward, God returns the original righteous investment plus all the accumulated dividends.—Midrash Rabba, Deuteronomy 3:6 Causer of deliverance to sprout forth; Creator of cures. Awesome in praise, Master of wonders, He renews in His goodness, each day, continuously,26Since the blessing began with the praise of God as the Former of light Who continually renews the creation, it concludes on the same note. the work of creation, as it is said: “[Give thanks to Him] Who makes the great luminaries,” for His kindness is everlasting.”27Psalms 136:7. Shine a new light upon Zion,28We pray that we will be worthy of enjoying the original light of creation, which God put aside for the righteous in the future world.—Ya’avetz and may we all soon be privileged to [enjoy] its brightness. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Former of the luminaries.29When reciting this blessing, bear in mind that even though the heavenly spheres appear immense to us and we attach much importance to them because of the vital functions they perform, in the eyes of their Creator they are no greater than worms. On the contrary, His wisdom and providence are more acutely recognized in an ant or bee because, in spite of their minuteness, they are endowed with a complex of faculties and organs.—Kuzari" ], "Second Blessing before Shema": [ "[With] unbounded love You have loved us48The Kuzari writes, “When reciting the blessing ‘Unbounded Love’ אַהֲבָה רַבָּה, one should bear in mind that Hashem’s Divine influence is especially directed at the Jewish People who receive it as naturally as a mirror receives rays of light. He should also bear in mind that the Torah is the expression of Hashem’s will and through it He establishes His dominion on earth as in heaven. Whenever an individual or a community attains a high degree of spiritual purity, they become worthy of receiving the Divine light to guide their destiny in a miraculous manner far removed from the ordinary course of events which affect the world. This special relationship with the Creator is called love.” Adonoy, our God; [With] great and abundant pity49Hashem bestowed His great and abundant pity on us after we sinned in making the golden calf. He not only pardoned us, but gave us the Second Tablets and ordained the construction of the Tabernacle (Mishkan) for His Divine Presence to dwell among us.—Siach Yitzchak have You pitied us. Our Father, our King! for the sake of our forefathers who trusted in You, and whom You taught statutes of life, so too, be gracious to us and teach us. Our Father, merciful Father, Who acts with compassion have compassion on us and put into our hearts to comprehend, and to be intellectually creative, to listen, to learn, and to teach, to preserve, to practice, and to fulfill50We preserve the Torah by not forgetting its teachings; we practice the commandments and we fulfill them by making them permanent parts of our lives.—Siach Yitzchak all the words of instruction in Your Torah with love. And enlighten our eyes in Your Torah, and cause our hearts to hold fast to Your commandments, and unify51Make us single-hearted and undivided in our love and reverence of Your Name. Keep us from distraction of personal thoughts and selfish motives.—Siach Yitzchak our hearts to love and fear Your Name; and may we never be put to shame,52When one has to receive a favor that is completely undeserved, he feels a sense of shame. We therefore pray to Hashem, that our redemption will not be a “hand out” without merit and cause us to be ashamed. We proclaim that since we “trusted in His Name” and accepted the bitterness of our exile, our deliverance is not totally undeserved.—Siach Yitzchak for in Your holy, great, and awesome Name— have we trusted; may we exult and rejoice in Your deliverance. And bring us to peace from the four corners of the earth and lead us upright53May we return from our exile with our heads held high, not in meekness.—Siach Yitzchak to our land. Because, You are the Almighty, Who performs acts of deliverance,54Even if we do not deserve to be saved in our own merit, save us anyhow because You perform acts of deliverance. and You have chosen us55At the moment Hashem gave the Torah to the Jews at Sinai, we became His chosen people and were brought close to Him for eternity.—Siach Yitzchak from among all peoples and tongues, and You have brought us close to Your great Name, forever in truth; that we may give thanks56These final words complete the prayer begun earlier: “Bring us in peace, and lead us upright to our land, so that we may give thanks to You, and proclaim Your Oneness, with love.—Siach Yitzchak to You, and proclaim Your Oneness, with love. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who chooses His people Yisrael with love." ], "Shema": [ "The following three words should be said when praying without a minyan:", "(Almighty, faithful King)", "Hear, Israel: Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.1Deuteronomy 6:4. It is customary to recite this verse aloud, the ear hearing what the lips utter. This helps one concentrate on the meaning of this important declaration. Interestingly, the last letter of the first word שמע and last letter of אחד arc written larger than the others. These two letters form the word עד “witness”—i.e., every Jew by saying Shema testifies to God’s oneness.—Avudraham
Customarily one closes his eyes when pronouncing this testimony in order to shut out all distractions, and to concentrate all of one’s thoughts on God’s oneness. The last word, אחד, “One,” is to be said with special emphasis, drawing it out for the length of time needed to reflect that God, the Giver and Sustainer of life Whose Providence guides the destinies of all men, is the unique God of Israel, that He is alone in His world, ruling all four corners of the universe.
", "The following two lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.2Jacob wished to reveal to his sons the ‘end of the days,׳ whereupon the Shechinah departed from him. Said he, “Perhaps, Heaven forbid! there is one unfit among my children.” His sons exclaimed to him, “Hear Israel” etc., just as there is only One in your heart so is there only One in our heart. Ben Lakish explained that Jacob said, “Blessed [is His] Name” in response to his sons’ exclamation. The Sages wondered, “Shall we recite it aloud when our teacher Moses did not say it? Shall we not say it at all, when Jacob ordained it?” Thus, the Rabbis enacted that it be said quietly.—Maseches Pesachim 56a.
When Moses went up to the heavens, he heard the angels praise God by saying, “Blessed [is His] Name, etc.” When he returned to earth, he taught it to the Jewish People. We say it in an undertone so as not to offend the angels. On Yom Kippur however, when we are considered like angels, we are permitted to say ברוך שם aloud.—Midrash Rabba to Deuteronomy
", "And you shall love Adonoy your God with all your heart3Our Sages (Sifrei to Deuteronomy 31) explain “With all your heart” to mean “With all your desires—including the evil inclination,” i.e., subject your earthly passions and ambitions to God’s Law and make them instruments for His service. and with all your soul4The Sages (ibid.) take these words to mean “With your whole life—even to the last drop of blood.” It was such an understanding that led Rabbi Akiva to say, when the executioner was tearing his flesh with iron hooks, “All my life, I have longed for this moment. I have loved God with all my heart and with all my might; and now at last, I can love Him with my whole life.” It was this concept that gave Jewish martyrs the courage to lay down their lives for their faith. and with all your possessions.5The Sages (ibid.) explain, “With whatever lot Providence has assigned to you,” i.e., despite whatever material sacrifice your loyalty to God and to Torah might entail. And these words which I command you today,6The teachings of the Torah should be ever fresh in your minds, as though you received it today.—Ibid. shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply7See to it that your children have a clear, and not a confused, stammering knowledge of the Torah.—Ibid. to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.8Deuteronomy 6:5-9. This paragraph contains 10 commandments: 1) accepting the “yoke” of heaven; 2) proclaiming the Unity of God; 3) loving God; 4) studying Torah (and you shall speak of them); 5) teaching your children; 6-7) reciting Shema in the evening and in the morning; 8-9) putting on the tefillin of the hand and head; 10) putting up mezuzos on the door-posts.", "And it will be— if you vigilantly obey My commandments which I command you this day, to love Adonoy your God, and serve Him with your entire hearts9The service of the heart is prayer, as David said (Psalms 141:2) “May my prayers be acceptable to You as an incense [service].” and with your entire souls— that I will give rain for your land in its proper time,10God will make it rain at night so as not to cause you discomfort.—Rashi the early (autumn) rain and the late (spring) rain;11Reward and punishment are here connected with the rainfalls vital to the Land of Israel. The heavy rains which open the growing season in the fall and the showers which fall while the grain is ripening are of utmost importance. and you will harvest your grain and your wine and your oil. And I will put grass in your fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied. Beware lest your hearts be swayed12One who is satisfied can easily be induced to forget the Source of his fullness.—Rashi and you turn astray, and you worship alien gods and bow to them. And Adonoy’s fury will blaze among you, and He will close off the heavens and there will be no rain and the earth will not yield its produce; and you will perish swiftly13No extension will be given. The “generation of the flood” was granted a reprieve of 120 years (Genesis 6:3) because they did not have from whom to learn; but you do have from whom to learn.—Sifrei, cited by Rashi from the good land which Adonoy gives you. Place these words of Mine14Even in exile you must fulfill God’s commandments—Sifrei cited by Rashi upon your hearts and upon your souls,— and bind them for a sign upon your hands, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes.15Between your eyes is not to be taken literally. The correct position of the phylactery of the head (shel rosh) is at the edge of the hair line directly above the place which is between the eyes. And you shall teach them to your sons, to speak them16From the moment your son knows how to talk, begin teaching him the Torah.—Rashi. when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways. In order that your days be prolonged, and the days of your children, upon the land which Adonoy swore to your fathers to give them [for as long] as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them17Rabbi Yehuda bar Chaviva said that this third section was added to Shema because of six important things contained therein: 1. the commandment of fringes, 2. mention of the Exodus, 3. the call to assume the yoke of God׳s commandments, 4. the warning against heretical concepts, 5. the warning against straying after sinful desires, and 6. the warning against idolatrous worship.—Maseches Berachos 12b to make for themselves fringes on the corners of their garments throughout their generations; and they will place with the fringes of each corner a thread of blue. And it will be to you for fringes, and you will look upon it and you will remember all the commandments of Adonoy,18Rabbi Meir says: “The blue thread of the fringes resembles the sea, the sea reflects the heavens, and heavens resemble the Throne of Glory” (Sifrei). The outward act of looking upon the tzitzis leads the Jew to inward spiritual conformity with the precepts of God. and you will perform them; and you will not turn aside after your hearts19The heart and the eyes of a person are the agents of sin—the eye sees, the heart desires, and thus the person sins —Tanchuma cited by Rashi. and after your eyes which cause you to go astray. In order that you will remember and perform all My commandments; and you will be holy unto your God. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am Adonoy, your God—20Numbers 15:37-41.", "You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה’ אֱלֺקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אמת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning “Adonoy your God is true” (Maseches Berachos 13a).", "—is true—", "The chazan repeats:", "Adonoy, your God, is true." ], "Blessing after Shema": [ "The following prayer, which culminates with גָאַל יִשְׂרָאַל, Who redeemed Israel, constitutes the “Blessing after Shema” mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Berachos 11a). It is also mentioned in Maseches Tamid (32b) as part of the morning service in the Temple.", "—and firm, certain and enduring, upright and faithful, beloved and cherished, desired and pleasant,21The Jew declares his commitment to God, and states that His precepts are not forced upon him. On the contrary, they are beloved, cherished, delightful and pleasant to him.—Siach Yitzchok awesome and mighty, correct22The teachings of Torah are correct in their totality. They lack nothing and are eternally valid for all situations.—Siach Yitzchok and acceptable,23Even those precepts that are not easily understood and appear to contradict human nature, are accepted by us.—Siach Yitzchok good and beautiful is this24All that was affirmed above in Shema. [affirmation] to us for all eternity. It is true, that the God of the Universe, is our King, the Stronghold of Jacob is the Shield of our deliverance. Throughout the generations He endures and His Name endures, and His throne is confirmed; and His sovereignty and His faithfulness endure forever.25After having affirmed that all that was said in Shema is true, firm, certain, enduring, etc., we take an oath and testify that we accept the “yoke of heaven” upon ourselves as did our fathers before us and as will our children after us, forever and ever. Thus we say in the following prayer: “For our fathers, for us, for our children and for our descendants—Your word is good and lasting—a Law that will never be abrogated.”—Kuzari His words are alive and enduring, faithful and desirable forever and to all eternity; for our fathers and for us, for our children and for our generations, and for all generations of the seed of Israel, Your servants.", "Upon the first and upon the last, [generations] [it is] a matter that is good and everlasting. It is true and faithful, a Law that will never be abrogated. Truly you Adonoy, are our God, and the God of our fathers, our King, the King of our fathers, our Redeemer, Redeemer of our fathers, our Former, Rock of our deliverance; our Liberator and our Saver which is Your Name from old, and there is no God besides You.", "You have always been the Help26The word help indicates that the recipient also participated in his rescue, whereas the words shield and deliverer indicate that the rescue was made without any help from the rescued party. Our fathers who were righteous, participated in their rescue, and God “helped” them. Since we are not that righteous, God shields and delivers us even though we have no merit.—Siach Yitzchok of our fathers; a Shield and a Deliverer to their children after them in every generation. The heights of the universe is Your habitation, and Your judgments and Your righteousness [reach] to the ends of the earth.27Alternatively: “Affect mankind to the end of earthly time.”—Avudraham Fortunate is man who heeds Your commandments; and takes Your Torah and Your word to his heart.28Your Torah” means the basic concepts of the Torah itself, and “Your word” refers to ethical concepts, derived from events described in the Torah and by the Prophets.—Siach Yitzchok Truly, You are the Master of Your people and a mighty King to defend their cause. Truly, You are First and You are Last,29We refer to God as First and Last only in order to preclude the notion that anything existed before Him, and to repudiate the idea that there is an end to His existence. We do not assert that He has a beginning or a fixed term.—Kuzari and we have no king, redeemer, or deliverer besides You. You redeemed us from Egypt. Adonoy, our God, You liberated us from the house of bondage. You slew all their firstborn, and You redeemed Your firstborn,.30See Exodus 4:22. You split the Sea of Reeds, and You drowned the wicked. You caused the beloved ones to pass through, while the waters covered their enemies; not one of them remained. Because of this, the beloved ones praised and exalted the Almighty; and the beloved ones offered hymns, songs, and praises, blessings and thanksgiving to the King, the Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring. (He is) exalted and uplifted, great and awesome; He humbles the haughty and raises the lowly.31God humbled the Egyptians who were haughty and raised high the Jews who had been lowly captives in Egypt. He frees the captives and redeems the humble, helps the impoverished,32God also helps those who are spiritually impoverished.—Rabbi Yehuda ben Yakar and He answers His people when they cry out to Him.", "Praises to the most high Almighty, blessed is He,33Intrinsically. and He is blessed.34By others. Moses and the Children of Israel sang a song to You with great joy, and they all proclaimed:", "Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! Who is like You— [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders!", "With a new song the redeemed people praised Your Name at the seashore! All of them gave thanks in unison and proclaimed Your sovereignty and said:", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.", "Rock of Israel, arise to the aid of Israel, and liberate Judah and Israel as You promised.35As it is said, “And a redeemer will come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent of their transgression, said Adonoy” (Isaiah 59:20). Our Redeemer— ‘Adonoy of hosts’ is His Name, the Holy One of Israel Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who redeemed36While God is always referred to as the Redeemer of Israel, this blessing utilizes the past tense, “Who redeemed Israel,” as it refers specifically to our redemption from Egypt.—Tzelosa d’Avrohom
Our faith in the Redeemer of Israel, Who redeemed us from Egypt, and our hope that He will redeem us from exile, give us the spiritual energy and courage to stand before Him, to pray and beseech Him for our needs, as we proceed to the Amidah.—Yesodos HaTefillah
Israel." ] }, "Amidah": { "Patriarchs": [ "Fundamentals of Kuzari, (Metsudah Publications, 1979) pages 269, 271, 273.
When reciting
Shemoneh Esrei, you must adhere to these rules:
1. Before beginning the prayer, take three steps backwards and then return to your former position. Upon completing the prayer, take three steps backwards and return.
2. Keep your feet together.
3. Concentrate on the meaning of the words you are uttering. Remove all distracting thoughts and worries from your mind.
4. You may not interrupt
Shemoneh Esrei by talking, not even by answering Amein. If you should hear Kedushah, Kaddish, or Barechu while saying the Shemoneh Esrei, you should remain silent and listen to the Chazzan’s words.
5. At the beginning and end of the first blessing, at the beginning and end of the blessing that begins: “We are thankful to You,” (page 133) and ends with “The Beneficent is Your Name,” (page 140) we half-kneel and bow in the following manner: At the word “Blessed,” bend your knees; at the word “You,” bend forward until the vertebrae of your spinal cord are loosened; at “Adonoy,” return to your upright position in keeping with the verse, “Adonoy straightens the bent” (Psalms 146:8).
6. Each individual recites
Shemoneh Esrei in silence. Only the prayer leader, the Chazzan, ever recites it aloud, and then only after the entire congregation, himself included, has recited it silently.", "My Master,1When God’s name is spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud it means “my Master”, i.e., it is a personal declaration of the person uttering it. When it is spelled Yud-Hey-Vov-Hey, it indicates God as the Creator of all.—Avudraham open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.2Psalms 51:17.", "Blessed3The first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei contains eighteen expressions of praise which parallel the Eighteen Benedictions. are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children’s children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)4We ask God for life so that we can fulfill His purpose in creating us, i.e., to observe and fulfill His commandments.", "If you forgot to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing, you should recite it. If you have already said “Blessed are You Adonoy,” you must continue the prayers without saying “Remember.”", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.5God is a helper in all the fortunes of life by giving us the necessary energy and talents to succeed. He delivers us from both moral and physical suffering, and He shields us by keeping tragedy and evil influences from us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.6These words complete the first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei called “Avos” (Patriarchs). And here too we bend our knees and bow when saying, “Blessed are You.” The major theme of this section is to praise God as “the Great”, as manifested in the Divine protection and providence He gave to the Patriarchs, of whom Abraham was the first.—Vilna Gaon" ], "Divine Might": [ "You are mighty forever,7God’s rule of the world is permanent and perpetual.—Kuzari my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead8This is the emphatic expression of our belief in the immortality of the soul.—Kuzari the Powerful One9This passage begins the section of Shemoneh Esrei called “Gevuros” (Might) and its major theme is to praise God as “the Mighty One.” Who alone restores man to life, health, freedom, and well-being.—Vilna Gaon to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres one should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.10God’s might is as much manifested in causing the rain as it is in reviving the dead. In fact the Talmud (Maseches Taanis 7a) declares in the name of Rabbi Avohu: “The day when rain falls is greater than the day of the resurrection of the dead.” Rabbi Yochanan said, (Ibid, 2a): “There are three 'keys' which God retains in His own hands and does not entrust to any emissary: the key to rain, the key to childbirth, and the key to the resurrection of the dead.”", "If you neglected to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים, “the Resurrector of the dead,” you must say it at that time. If you reminded yourself after saying וְנֶאֱמָן אַתָּה “You are faithful,” you must repeat it and then complete the blessing of מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. If you became aware of your omission after starting the blessing אַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ “You are holy,” even if you only said the word “You,” say the Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If during the first thirty days after Shemini Atzeres you are in doubt whether you said it, you must assume that you didnot say it. After thirty days, however, since you have become accustomed to saying it, you may assume that you recited the proper phrase and you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead11The most extraordinary manifestation of God’s might—to our perception—is when He restores the dead to life. Avudraham writes that the three following praises represent various examples of how God restores life to those who arc near death. When a person falls (either physically or morally) he is often near death; thus, when God supports the fallen he restores their lives. When a person is sick, he often faces death, so when God heals the sick He restores their lives. A person who is imprisoned—i.e., confined—is like dead; thus when God releases the imprisoned He restores their lives. with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust.12Just as God shows His faithfulness to the living, so too will He keep faith with the dead who lie in the dust. Others say that “Those who sleep in the dust” refers to the Patriarchs; God will remember the oath He made to them and keep His promises to them.—Avudraham Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.13Deliverance will “grow” in stages rather than all at once.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy)", "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning “Remember us for life.”", "And You are faithful14How remarkable is the Jew’s conviction of God’s faithfulness. When the Chazzan says the blessing of “Resurrector of the dead,” the Jew responds, “Amein” even though he has not seen God restore the dead to life; when the Chazzan says the blessing “Redeemer of Israel,” he responds “Amein”, even though he has not yet been delivered; and when the Chazzan says the blessing “Builder of Jerusalem,” he responds “Amein” even though Jerusalem has not yet been rebuilt.—Midrash Tanchuma to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei, the Kedushah is said here)" ], "Holiness of God": [ "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. For You are an Almighty King— great and holy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.19This blessing completes the section of Shemoneh Esrei called Kedushah (Holiness) which emphasizes that God is indeed awesome.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence: Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, “the Almighty” instead of “the King,” or if you are in doubt—if you realized your error after a lapse of time sufficient to utter a three word greeting (Shalom Aleichem Rebbe), or if you had already started the next blessing, you must say the Shmoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you became aware of your error before that, you should immediately say “the King the Holy One” and continue your prayers." ], "Kedushah": [ "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "We will hallow Your Name in the world, as they hallow it in the heavens above, as is written by the hand of Your prophet,16Isaiah 6:3. And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "‘Holy, holy, holy, is Adonoy of Hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.’”", "The Chazzan says:", "Those facing them say “Boruch...”", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from its place17Ezekiel 3:12.", "The Chazzan says:", "And in Your Holy Words it is written:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Adonoy will reign forever; Your God, Zion, throughout all generations! Praise God.18Psalms 146:10.", "The Chazzan says:", "From generation to generation we will declare Your greatness, and to all eternity, we will sanctify Your holiness, and Your praise, our God, will not depart from our mouth forever and ever; because You are the Almighty Who is King; Great, and Holy. Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.19This blessing completes the section of Shemoneh Esrei called Kedushah (Holiness) which emphasizes that God is indeed awesome." ], "Knowledge": [ "You favor man with perception20The blessing “You favor man with perception” begins the group of thirteen petitions which make up the “intermediate” section of Shemoneh Esrei. The first six petitions (blessings 4-9) are for our individual needs and well-being: understanding, repentance, forgiveness of sins, deliverance from trouble, from illness, and from want. Though these six petitions are of a personal nature, they voice the needs of all mankind. Note that the worshipper prays for his spiritual needs—knowledge, repentance, and forgiveness before he prays for his physical wants. and teach mankind understanding. Grant us knowledge, understanding and intellect from You. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Grantor of perception." ], "Repentance": [ "Cause us to return,22The goal of wisdom is the realization of man’s true relationship to his Maker. Wisdom should be used for Torah study and Divine service. our Father, to Your Torah and bring us near, our King, to Your service; and bring us back in whole-hearted repentance23Since the Sages say, “Repent the day before you die” (Maseches Avos 2:10), and every day may be our last, we petition God daily for Divine guidance in repenting. before You Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who desires penitence.24Repentance in Judaism implies regret for past misconduct and firm resolve for correct conduct in the future. God holds out His hand to the erring sinner and leads him back to righteousness, as the Talmud (Maseches Yoma 38b) declares, הבא ליטהר מסיעין אותו. God desires penitence as it is written, “I do not desire the death of the wicked: but (rather) that the wicked return from his way and live” (Ezekiel 33:11)." ], "Forgiveness": [ "Pardon25Sin can only be pardoned after repentance. Hence, the order of these two petitions. Even if a person was the worst of sinners, his supplication (after repentance) makes him fit to receive Divine mercy and helps him attain it—R’ Yosef Albo us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed;26Error, חטא, is the result of carelessness, ignorance, or weakness; sin, פשע, is a deliberate disregard of moral or religious duty. for You forgive and pardon. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.27“Let the wicked forsake his way, and the man of iniquity, his thoughts. Let him return to Adonoy and He will have mercy upon him; and to our God for He abundantly pardons” (Isaiah 55:7)." ], "Redemption": [ "Look upon our affliction, and defend our cause: and redeem us speedily28As an outgrowth of our penitence and our forgiveness we pray that we may be deemed worthy of Divine redemption.—Kuzari for the sake of Your Name; because You are a Mighty Redeemer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Redeemer of Israel.", "(On Fast Days, the Chazzan says “Answer us” and concludes, “Blessed are ... Who responds at times of trouble.”)" ], "Healing": [ "Heal us,29After the petitions for our spiritual needs, we pray for earthly blessings—for health of body and soul, and for food to maintain our strength.—Kuzari Adonoy, and we will be healed, deliver us and we will be delivered; for You are our praise. Grant a complete healing to all our affliction", "If you wish to pray for the recovery of a sick person, you may do so here.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our fathers, that You send, quickly, a complete recovery from the heavens, healing for the soul, and healing for the body, for the ailing (name) son/daughter of (mother’s name) among the ailing of Israel.", "because You are the Almighty, King, Who is a faithful and merciful Healer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Healer of the sick of His people Israel." ], "Prosperity": [ "Bless for us, Adonoy our God, this year and all the varieties of its produce for good; and bestow", "From the first say of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line.", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line.", "dew and rain for a blessing*", "upon the face of the earth; satisfy us from Your bounty30According to the Gaon of Vilna, the petition here reads מטובה, “Satisfy us from its bounty”, referring to the bounty of Eretz Yisroel. and bless our year, like the good years. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Blesser of the years.", "* If you forgot to say this and became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you may say it at that time and conclude the blessing. If you became aware of your omission after saying the blessing, continue the prayers, and before concluding the 16th blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, “Who heeds prayer,” say: וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר לִבְרָכָה כִּי אַתָּה וגו’ “bestow dew and rain for blessing, for you heed etc.”. If you reminded yourself after concluding the blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, but before you started רְצֵה, “be pleased,” you may say: “bestow dew and rain,”וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר and then continue with רְצֵה . If you remembered after that you must go back and say the 9th blessing, בָּרֵךְ עָלֵינוּ, and continue from there. But if you became aware of your omission after concluding the entire Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards] you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei." ], "Gathering the Exiles": [ "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,31The following six benedictions, beginning with this one, are prayers for the restoration of the spiritual-national life of the Jewish People. This tenth benediction is an impassioned prayer for the fulfillment of the prophecy, “And it will come to pass on that day, the great Shofar will be sounded; and those who were lost in the land of Assyria shall come and those who were dispersed in the land of Egypt; and they will worship Adonoy on the Holy Mountain at Jerusalem (Isaiah 27:13).—Avudraham and raise a banner to gather our exiles, and gather us together from the four corners of the earth. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gatherer of the dispersed of His people Israel." ], "Justice": [ "Restore our judges32We pray for the restoration of God’s reign of justice, as the prophet said, “And I will restore your judges as in former times, and your advisors as the beginning; afterward you (Jerusalem) will be called the city of righteousness, faithful city” (Isaiah 1:26). This will be manifested with the restoration of the Sanhedrin and their system of halachic justice. as before and our counselors as at first. Remove sorrow and sighing from us,33Few evils are the source of deeper grief and suffering than the absence of justice. With the restoration of justice, our sorrow and sighing will change to joy and gladness.—Avudraham and reign over us You, Adonoy, alone with kindness and compassion; and make us righteous with justice,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence: Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, “King, Lover of righteousness and justice,” instead of “the King of Justice” and became aware of your mistake within the time it takes to utter the three word greeting (Sholom Aleichem Rebbe), you should immediately say “the King of Justice.” If you remembered after that interval, you may continue the Shemoneh Esrei since the word “King” was mentioned in the regular blessing." ], "Against Enemies": [ "Let there be no hope for informers 34This petition was added to the original Eighteen Benedictions. It was ordained by Rabban Gamliel and his Bais Din in Yavneh, according to the text of Shmuel HaKattan, its author (Maseches Berachos 28:b). It is directed against the early Christians who informed against Jews to the Roman authorities after the destruction of the Second Temple, causing them to be put to an excruciatingly painful death. and may all wickedness35Not the “wicked,” but “wickedness.” This particular prayer is based on the Talmudic interpretation of the verse, “Let sins be terminated on earth and the wicked will be no more” (Psalms 104:36). instantly perish; may all the enemies of Your people36The internal enemies of the Jews, against whom this prayer was originally directed, disappeared within a short time. be swiftly cut off, and may You quickly uproot, crush, rout and subdue the insolent, speedily in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Crusher of enemies. and Subduer of the insolent." ], "The Righteous": [ "May Your mercy be aroused, Adonoy our God, upon the righteous,37The prayer for the righteous follows the prayer against the wicked, following the same sequence of the Psalmist’s verse, “And all the pride of the wicked, I shall cut down; exalted will be the pride of the righteous” (75:11).—Talmud, Maseches Megillah 17b upon the pious, upon the elders of Your people, Israel, upon the remnant of their scholars, upon the true proselytes and upon us. Grant bountiful reward to all who trust in Your Name in truth;38As King David said, “Those knowing Your Name will trust in You” (Psalms 9:11). These men who perceive God’s ways with undistorted clarity are of the highest caliber. They see God’s hand guiding the world and they know with certainty that He directs all.—Avudraham, Malbim and place our lot among them, and may we never be put to shame,39The worshiper begs to be saved from the inner catastrophe of feeling that his trust in God has been in vain.—Pesher Dovor for we have put our trust in You. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Support and Trust of the righteous." ], "Rebuilding Jerusalem": [ "And return in mercy to Jerusalem,40The “pride of the righteous will be exalted” in the restored city of Jerusalem. Hence in this blessing we plead for the reconstruction of Jerusalem, as it is stated, “Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; may they who love You have peace” (Psalms 122:6)—Maseches Megillah 17b Your city, and dwell therein as You have spoken; and rebuild it soon, in our days, as an everlasting structure, and may You speedily establish the throne of David therein. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem." ], "Kingdom of David": [ "Speedily cause the sprout of David,41The prayer for the Messiah, descendant of David, follows the prayer for Jerusalem, following the sequence of Hosea’s prophecy (3:5), “Afterward, the Children of Israel will return to Jerusalem and seek Adonoy their God, and David their King “—Masechcas Megillah 18a Your servant, to flourish and exalt his power with Your deliverance. We hope all day for Your deliverance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who causes the power of salvation to sprout." ], "Response to Prayer": [ "Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;42The last of the intermediate benedictions petitions God to answer all our preceding prayers. spare us and have compassion on us, and accept our prayers compassionately and willingly, for You are Almighty Who hears prayers and supplications; and do not turn us away empty-handed from Your Presence, our King,43At this point, the worshiper may add any private petition, and ask God’s help for himself, for his household, or for his community. for You hear the prayers of Your people, Israel, with compassion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who hears prayers." ], "Temple Service": [ "Be pleased,44The three concluding benedictions are known as the benedictions of thanksgiving. They consist of prayers for the re-establishment of God’s service at Jerusalem; thanksgiving for God’s daily wonders in our behalf; and a prayer for peace and prosperity. Adonoy, our God, with Your people, Israel, and their prayer;45In the previous blessings the first person was used: “Heal us,” “Have mercy on us,” whereas here the third person is used: “Their prayer,” “Accept their prayer.” In order to achieve a level in which we will be a source of pleasure to God, we must possess greater merit than what we as individuals can claim. We therefore ask God to take pleasure in the entire people of Israel among whom there are pious and righteous individuals who possess great merit, and we ask Him to accept “their prayer” with love and satisfaction.—Siach Yitzchok and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings46The prayer “Be pleased” in a different form was recited by the Kohanim (priests) every day following the morning fire-offering.—Maseches Berachos 11b of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, “And may our eyes”. On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added: ", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for life and peace on this day of the: Rosh Chodesh/Festival of Matzos/Festival of Sukkos. Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for our eyes are directed to You, because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say this at Shacharis, (the Morning Service) or at Mincha (the Afternoon Service), but realized your omission before saying מוֹדִים, “We are thankful,” you should say it at that time and continue with מוֹדִים. If you became aware of your omission after saying “מוֹדִים” “We are thankful,” but before concluding the Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards], start again from רְצֵה, “Be pleased.” If you had completed the Shemoneh Esrei and then remembered, you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you are in doubt, follow the same procedure as above. If you had already said the Musaf prayer and recalled your omission, it is the opinion of some authorities, that the Shemoneh Esrei of Shacharis be repeated as a נְדָבָה, a free-will-offering of prayer, rather than an obligatory prayer.", "And may our eyes behold47We pray for the privilege of witnessing the visible revelation of the Divine Presence as it appeared to the prophets, to the pious, and to all who were delivered from Egypt.—Kuzari Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion." ], "Thanksgiving": [ "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You48Here you should bow in gratitude, as if standing before the Divine Presence, and say, “We are thankful to You.” The Jews always bowed when they perceived the Divine Presence..—Kuzari that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock of our lives, You are the Shield of our deliverance in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand, and for our souls which are entrusted to You,49Here we thank God for returning our souls each morning, after having “entrusted” them to Him all night.—Eitz Yosef and for Your miracles of every day with us, and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon.50This phrase concludes the earlier declaration, “We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise ... evening, morning, and noon .”—Iyun Tefillalh (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.51This prayer was ordained by Rav and his colleagues. It is an abstract of several prayers recited by various Rabbis [=Rabanan], and for this reason it is called Modim D’Rabanan.)", "We are thankful to You, that You Adonoy are our God, and God of our fathers, God of all flesh, Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning. Blessings and thanksgivings to Your great and holy Name for keeping us alive, and sustaining us; so may You always keep us alive and sustain us, and gather our exiles to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary to observe Your statutes, and to do Your will, and to serve You wholeheartedly, for we are thankful to You. Blessed is the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.", "(On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, “וְעַל כֻּלָּם, and for all the foregoing.”)", "[We thank You] for the miracles, for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah: In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah52This refers to rationally conceived laws. S.R. Hirsch comments: The Greeks knew that the key to the Jewish religion is the Torah. If Torah were forgotten, the decline of ritual observance would be inevitable and rapid. Thus, they concentrated first on causing Torah to be forgotten, knowing that the deterioration of religious observance would swiftly follow. and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim: In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth53The usual procedure of those times was that all the wealth of executed people reverted to the monarch. In contrast to the norm, Haman decreed that Jewish possessions would be free for all to enjoy. He did this to provide added incentive to the populace who might have hesitated to kill Jews if they had nothing to gain.— And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows. And You made a miracle and a wonder for them, and we are thankful to Your great name forever. ", "And for all the foregoing may Your Name, our King, constantly be blessed and extolled, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add: Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forget to say this, you need not go back and repeat it. If you became aware of the omission before concluding the blessing, you can say it at that time.", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise Your Name with sincerity — the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy; Your Name is The Beneficent and You it is fitting to praise." ], "Birkat Kohanim": [ "In Leviticus 9:22, we find that after he completed the Divine offering, Aaron lifted up his hands and blessed the people. In a like manner, his descendants, the Kohanim, uttered the priestly blessing after performing the Temple Service. In our days, on the occasions when the kohanim recite the priestly blessings, they do so immediately after the “We are thankful” prayer which terminates the Avodah (Service) section of the Shemoneh Esrei. When Kohanim do not recite the blessings, the blessings are mentioned by the Chazzan in his repetition of the Shemoneh Esrei.—Avudraham", "To be said by the Chazzan", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us with the threefold blessing of the Torah, written by the hand of Moses, Your servant, pronounced from the mouth of Aaron and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people; as it is said:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you.", "Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you.", "Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace.55Rashi paraphrases this blessing with the words יכבש כעסו, “May He withhold His anger.”" ], "Peace": [ "Grant peace,56Since the Birkat Kohanim concludes with a blessing for peace, this concluding blessing is a restatement of the last benediction in the form of a congregational prayer.—Pesher Dovor goodness, and blessing, favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,57One of the most important mitzvos of the “Torah of Life” is the mitzvah of doing kindness. But it is incomplete unless there is a love of kindliness in the heart which precedes the act of kindliness.—Pesher Dovor righteousness, blessing, compassion, life and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless Your people, Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here: May we be remembered and inscribed before You in the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance; we and all Your people, the House of Israel, for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace." ], "Concluding Passage": [ "May the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be acceptable before You, Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil58This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men—Yaavetz and my lips from speaking deceitfully. May my soul be unresponsive to those who curse me; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments.59May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. Act for the sake of Your Name. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your holiness. Act for the sake of Your Torah. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me. May the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be acceptable before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years. And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "On Rosh Chodesh, Chol HaMoed, and Chanukah, Hallel is recited. On Fast Days (Monday—Thursday—Monday, Tenth of Teves, Fast of Esther, Seventeenth of Tamuz) Selichos are recited. On days when Tachanun is omitted (see below) the chazzan continues with Half Kaddish. (14 and 15 Adar Rishon in a leap year); the entire month of Nissan; Pesach Sheini (14 Iyar); Lag BaOmer; 1-8 Sivan; 9 and 15 Av; and 29 Elul. When Tachanun is omitted on these days, it is also omitted at the preceding Mincha (afternoon service). Tachanun is also omitted in the presence of a bridegroom, in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning, and on the occasion of a circumcision if the father, the sandak or the mohel is present." ] }, "Post Amidah": { "Vidui and 13 Middot": [ "The worshipper recites the Tachanun in a sitting position, while resting his brow on his arm. During the morning service, when the hand-tefillin is on the left arm, he leans his brow on his right arm, but at the Mincha service he leans his brow on his left arm. This “falling on one’s face” symbolizes complete submission to God and the committing of our destinies into His hands. It is mentioned in the Talmud (Maseches Megillah 22b), and originates with Moses, who “Fell down before God” (Deuteronomy 9:18) and was followed by Joshua, who “Fell on the earth upon his face before the Ark of God” (Joshua 7:6)", "Our God and God of our fathers, let our prayer come before you and do not ignore our supplication. For we are not so brazen-faced and stiff-necked to say to you, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, We are righteous and have not sined. But, indeed, we and our fathers have sinned.", "We have trespassed [against God and man, and we are devastated by our guilt]; We have betrayed [God and man, we have been ungrateful for the good done to us]; We have stolen; We have slandered. We have caused others to sin; We have caused others to commit sins for which they are called רְשָׁעִים, wicked; We have sinned with malicious intent; We have forcibly taken other’s possessions even though we paid for them; We have added falsehood upon falsehood; we have joined with evil individuals or groups. We have given harmful advice; We have deceived; We have mocked; We have rebelled against God and His Torah; We have caused God to be angry with us; We have turned away from God’s Torah; We have sinned deliberately; We have been negligent in our performance of the commandments; We have caused our friends grief; We have been stiff-necked, refusing to admit that the cause of our suffering is our own sins. We have committed sins for which we are called רָשָׁע [raising a hand to hit someone]. We have committed sins which are the result of moral corruption; We have committed sins which the Torah refers to as abominations; We have gone astray; We have led others astray.", "We have turned away from Your commandments and from Your good laws, and we have gained nothing from it. And You are the Righteous One in all [punishment] that has come upon us; for You have acted truthfully and we have acted wickedly.", "You are Almighty, Slow to anger; You are called the Lord of Mercy, and You have taught us the way of repentance. Remember the greatness of Your mercy and kindness, this day and every day, for the descendants of Your loved ones. Turn to us with compassion for You are the Lord of Mercy. We approach Your Presence with supplication and prayer, as You made known to [Moses,] the modest one of old. Turn from Your fierce anger, as it is written in Your Torah: May we be sheltered and lodged in the shadow of Your wings, as on the day [of which it is said:] When Adonoy descended in the cloud. Remove [our] transgression, and blot out [our] iniquity, as on the day [of which it is said:] And He stood with him there. Give ear to our cry and listen to our speech, as on the day [of which it is said:] And He proclaimed in the Name, Adonoy And there it is said:", "Congregation and Chazzan:", "And Adonoy passed before him [Moses] and proclaimed:", "Adonoy, Adonoy, Almighty, Merciful, Gracious, Slow to Anger, and Abundant in Kindness and Truth. Keeper of kindness for thousands of generations, Endurer of iniquity and transgression, and sin, and Acquitter of those who repent.1Exodus 34:5-7.", "And pardon our iniquity and our sin, and take us for Your inheritance.2Exodus 34:9. Pardon us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You.3Psalms 86:5." ], "Avinu Malkenu": [ "During the Ten Days of Penitence, Avinu Malkeinu is recited here during Shacharis—the morning service, and Mincha—the afternoon service. It is also said by some congregations on public Fast Days. The number of petitions in this prayer varies with custom, but in our rite, Avinu Malkeinu consists of 44 petitions. Since many of them are similar to the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei, Avinu Malkeinu is never recited on Shabbos, when the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei are also omitted. This unique and moving prayer is recorded as having been recited by Rabbi Akiva. The Talmud (Maseches Taanis 25b) relates that Rabbi Eliezer once stepped down before the Ark and recited the 24 benedictions for fast days and his prayers were not answered. Rabbi Akiva stepped down after him and exclaimed, “Our Father, our King, we have no king except You. Our Father, our King, for Your sake have mercy on us,” and rain fell.", "Our Father, our King!1The Jewish People are referred to in Scripture as God’s slaves (Leviticus 25:42), and as His children (Deuteronomy 14:1). Thus we say to Him, “If we are Your children, we beseech You as our Father; if we are Your slaves, we implore You as our Master and King Contrary to the view that God, the Father, is so full of love for His children, that He permits the wanton breaking of His commandments to go unpunished, Judaism knows that God the King, must be feared and His laws must be obeyed. There are times when a father is unable to do what he would like for his children because of physical or financial limitations. On the other hand, a king has the power to do anything for his subjects if he should so desire. We cry out to God—You are our Father and You desire to help us—You are our King and You have the power to help us! we have sinned before You.", "Our Father our King! we have no King except You.2Despite our physical banishment and spiritual estrangement—the result of our sins—we still have none other than God to guide our lives and to shape our destiny.", "Our Father, our King! deal with us [kindly] for the sake of Your Name.3See Ezekiel 36.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, say: Our Father, our King! renew for us a good year.", "On public fast-days, say: Our Father, our King! bless us with a good year.", "Our Father, our King! annul all harsh decrees concerning us.", "Our Father, our King! annul the designs of those who hate us.", "Our Father, our King! thwart the plans of our enemies.", "Our Father, Our King! rid us of every oppressor and adversary.", "Our Father, Our King! seal the mouths of our adversaries and accusers.", "Our Father, Our King! remove pestilence, sword, famine, captivity, destruction, [the burden of] iniquity and religious persecution from the members of Your covenant.", "Our Father, Our King! withhold the plague from Your inheritance.", "Our Father, Our King! forgive and pardon all our iniquities.", "Our Father, Our King! blot out and remove our transgressions and sins from before Your eyes.", "Our Father, Our King! erase in Your abundant mercy all records of our liabilities.4Having just asked that our sins be forgiven and that our transgressions be removed from before His eyes, what are we asking for now? Our earlier pleas were for forgiveness of those sins we committed ourselves. But there are sins for which we are held accountable even though we do not commit them ourselves. One possibility is, having watched while others sin, when we may have been able to prevent it. (Chazal say כל ישראל ערבין זה לזה. A guarantor is one who countersigns a debt note, undertaking to pay if the borrower defaults. Thus we ask God to erase all our notes of obligation whether as borrower or guarantor. In all instances, He is the Extender of credit.) Thus we beseech God to erase the records of our guilt in those instances.—Siach Yitzchok", "Our Father, Our King! bring us back in wholehearted5Many repent out of their fear of God. Others repent out of their love for Him. We beseech God to bring us back in “wholehearted” repentance motivated by love, the most perfect form of penitence.—Etz Yosef repentance before You.", "Our Father, Our King! send complete6We beseech God to heal both the spiritually ill as well as the physically ill. We ask, therefore, for a “complete” healing for the sick among us.—Etz Yosef healing to the sick among Your people.", "Our Father, Our King! tear up the evil [parts] of our sentence.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us favorably before You.", "The following five prayers are said during the Ten Days of Penitence.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of the Good Life.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Redemption and Deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Maintenance and Sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Merits.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Pardon and Forgiveness.", "The following five prayers are said on public fast-days.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for a good life.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for redemption and deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for maintenance and sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for merit.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for pardon and forgiveness.", "Our Father, Our King! cause deliverance to spring forth for us soon.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your people Israel.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your anointed.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our hands with Your blessings.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our storehouses with abundance.", "Our Father, Our King! hear our voice, spare us and have compassion upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! accept our prayer with compassion and favor.", "Our Father, Our King! open the gates of heaven to our prayer.", "Our Father, Our King! remember, that we are dust.", "Our Father, Our King! Please do not turn us away empty-handed from You.", "Our Father, Our King! let this hour be an hour of compassion and a time of favor before You.", "Our Father, Our King! have compassion upon us, and upon our children and infants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slain for Your holy Name.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slaughtered for [proclaiming] Your Unity.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who went through fire and water for the sanctification of Your Name.", "Our Father, Our King! avenge before our eyes the spilled blood of Your servants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake if not for ours.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake and deliver us.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great mercy.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great, mighty, and awesome Name which is proclaimed upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! favor us and answer us for we have no accomplishments; deal with us charitably and kindly with us and deliver us.", "The following prayers are added on Mondays and Thursday. On other days, continue “Guardian of Israel. . .”:" ], "Tachanun": { "For Monday and Thursday": [ "This group of somber plaints, known as the “long Vehu Rachum” is recited in the morning service on Mondays and Thursdays, except on days when Tachanun is omitted. The origin of these seven prayers is shrouded in legend. It has been suggested that they were composed during the terrible persecutions at the hands of the Goths in seventh-century Spain. It has been said, “Whoever can read this ‘long Vehu Rachum’ prayer without emotion has lost all feeling for what is great and noble.” Despite all the repetition in these cries for forgiveness, mercy, help, and protection, the effect is not tiring; because here it is not merely an individual soul, but the soul of an entire people that utters these laments and supplications, that gives voice to this woe of nearly two thousand years. Moses ascended Mount Sinai to receive the Second Tablets on the fifth day of the week, and he returned to the people on the second day of the week, bringing them the new tablets as a security for the Divine covenant and as confirmation of God’s atonement for their transgression. Ever since, the second and fifth day of each week, Monday and Thursday, have been days of summons to the Jewish people to assemble anew before God and to reaffirm their sincere “return” to the Law of God. Our regular service is therefore augmented on these days by these additional supplications.", "And He, the merciful One, will atone iniquity, and will not destroy, He frequently withdraws His anger, and does not arouse all His rage.1Psalms 78:38. You, Adonoy, do not withhold Your mercy from us; may Your kindness and truth always protect us.2Psalms 40:12 (basis). Deliver us, Adonoy, our God, and gather us from among the nations to give thanks to Your holy Name to be extolled in Your praise.3Psalms 106:47. If You, God, should preserve iniquities,4Were it not for the grace of God, any sin a person committed would deprive him of the right to continued existence. (Transgression is seen as a form of treason which is punishable by death). However, through the grace of Divine forgiveness, God makes it possible for us to atone for past sins through penitence and the decision to act in the future with God-fearing conduct.—S.R. Hirsch my Master, who could survive?5Psalms 130:3. But with You there is forgiveness, [in order] that You may be feared.6Psalms 130:4. Do not deal with us according to our sins nor repay us according to our iniquities.7Psalms 103:10 (basis). If our iniquities testify against us, Adonoy, act [mercifully] for Your Name’s sake.8Jeremiah 14:7. Remember Your mercies Adonoy, and Your kindnesses, for they are from the beginning of the world.9Psalms 25:6. Adonoy will answer us on the day of distress, the Name of the God of Jacob will fortify us.10Psalms 20:2 (basis). Because of the trials and tribulations that marked his life, Jacob has become the model personality for the people descended from him. We preserve our trust in God, despite all the bitter blows which befall us, even as Jacob was confident that God was mindful of him. We, too, are sustained by our trust that God will eventually lead us to salvation as He led Jacob to a pinnacle of joy and happiness.—S.R. Hirsch Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call.11Psalms 20:10. Our Father, our King, favor us and answer us, for we have no [good] deeds; deal charitably with us for the sake of Your Name. Our Master, our God, heed our supplications; and remember unto us the covenant of our fathers and deliver us for Your Name’s sake. And now, my Master, our God, who brought out Your people, from the land of Egypt with a mighty hand, and made for Yourself a name to this day;’12A name which has come to be recognized to an ever growing extent among men.—S.R. Hirsch we have sinned, we have acted wickedly. My Master, with all Your righteousness turn away Your anger and Your rage from Your city, Jerusalem, Your holy mountain; for because of our sins and the iniquities of our fathers,13Through sincere atonement and earnest resolve to better our conduct, we could have restored that which was lost through the iniquities of our ancestors. But instead, we, too, have left much to be desired in this respect.—Yaavetz Jerusalem and Your people are [held] in contempt by all who surround us. And now, listen our God, to the prayers of Your servant and to his supplications; and let Your radiant countenance shine upon Your desolate Sanctuary for Your sake, my Master.", "Incline Your ear, my God, and hear;14“Hear” that which others say and think about us; or “hear” our cry for help.—S.R. Hirsch open Your eyes and behold our desolate places and the city which is called by Your Name, for it is not on account of our righteousness that we let fall our supplications before You, but because of Your great mercy. My Master, hear! my Master, forgive! my Master, listen and take action, do not delay! For Your sake, my God, for Your Name is proclaimed over Your15If the city which You have founded should fall, and the people You have chosen should perish, the cause of the universal acknowledgement of Your Oneness, would suffer.—S.R. Hirsch city and Your people. Our Father, merciful Father, show us a sign for good and gather our dispersed [people] from the four corners of the earth, [so that] all nations will recognize and know that You, Adonoy, are our God.16Daniel 9:15-19. And now, Adonoy, You are our Father; we are the clay and You are our Former; and we are all the work of Your hand. Deliver us, for Your Name’s sake our Father, our Rock, our King and our Redeemer.17Isaiah 64:7. Adonoy, spare Your people, and let not Your heritage be [an object] of contempt for nations to rule over.18Joel 2:17. Why should they say among the peoples, Where is their God? Adonoy, we know that we have sinned, and there is none to stand up in our behalf. Let Your great Name stand up for us at the time of distress. We know that we have no [good] deeds, [therefore] deal charitably with us for Your Name’s sake. As a father has compassion on his children, so do You have compassion on us, Adonoy,19Others translate this as a prayer rather than a fact: “So, Adonoy, have compassion on us.” and [therefore] deliver us for Your Name’s sake. Have pity on Your people, have compassion on Your heritage, spare us with Your great mercy; favor us, our King, and answer us, for righteousness is Yours, Adonoy, Who performs wonders at all times.", "Look, we beseech You, speedily have compassion and deliver the sheep of Your pasture; let wrath not prevail over us, for our eyes are lifted to You. Deliver us for Your Name’s sake; have compasssion upon us for the sake of Your covenant. Look and answer us in time of distress, for Adonoy, deliverance is Yours. Our hope rests with You, God of forgiveness; please forgive [us], for You Almighty, are good and forgiving.", "We beseech You, gracious and compassionate King, remember and look to the Covenant between the divided pieces,20See Genesis 15:9-21 for a complete account of this covenant with Abraham. and let the binding [upon the Altar] of the only son appear before You, and for the sake of Israel.21Some interpret the name “Israel” as a reference to the patriarch Jacob, who was called Israel. This prayer calls to mind the merit of all three patriarchs: Abraham, who bound his only son; Isaac, who willfully let himself be bound on the altar; and Jacob, whose entire life was one of suffering for God.—Iyun Tefilloh Our Father our King, favor us and answer us, for Your great name is called upon us. The One Who performs wonders at all times, deal with us with Your kindness. Gracious and Merciful, look and answer us in a time of distress, for deliverance is Yours, Adonoy. Our father, our King, our Refuge, do not deal with us according to our evil doings. Adonoy, remember Your mercies and kindnesses, and deliver and have pity upon us in accordance with Your abundant goodness. For we have no other God besides you, our Rock. Do not abandon22To abandon means to leave a person to his own devices. “You know, our Father, that our own strength and intelligence are not adequate for us, so give us Your Fatherly care.”—S.R. Hirsch us, Adonoy our God. Do not be far from us, for our soul is shrunken from the sword and from captivity, from pestilence and from plague and from all distress and sorrow. Save us, for we have hoped in You, and do not put us to shame, Adonoy, our God. But cause Your countenance to shine upon us, and remember the covenant of our fathers and deliver us for Your name’s sake. Look at our troubles and hear the voice of our prayers, for You hear the prayer of every mouth. ", "Merciful and gracious Almighty, Have mercy upon us and upon all Your works, for there is none like You, Adonoy, our God. We beseech You, forgive our transgressions. Our Father, our King, our Rock and our Redeemer, the living and everlasting Almighty, mighty in strength, benevolent and good over all Your works – for You, Adonoy, are our God. Almighty, Who is slow to anger and full of mercy, deal with us according to Your great mercy and deliver us for Your Name’s sake. Hear our prayer, our King, and save us from the hand of our enemy. Hear our prayer, our King, and save us from all trouble and sorrow. You are our Father, our King, and Your Name is called upon us. Do not desert us; do not abandon us, our Father; do not cast us off, our Creator; do not forget us, our Former – for You are the gracious and merciful Almighty King.", "There is none like You, gracious and merciful Adonoy, our God; there is none like You, Almighty, slow to anger, abundant in kindliness and truth. Deliver us with Your great mercy, save us from storm and rage. Remember Your servants, Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob; do not consider our stubbornness, our wickedness and our sinfulness.23Deuteronomy 9:27 (basis). Turn from Your fierce anger and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil [intended] for Your people.24Exodus 32:12. Remove from us the scourge of death, for You are merciful; for such is Your way— to bestow undeserved kindness in every generation. Spare Your people, Adonoy, and save us from Your wrath; remove from us the scourge of plague, and harsh decree, for You are the Guardian of Israel. Righteousness is Yours, my Master, while shame is ours.25Daniel 9:7. How can we complain? What can we say? What can we speak? and how can we justify ourselves? Let us search into our ways and examine them, and return to You; for Your right hand is extended to receive those who repent. We beseech You Adonoy!—deliver us. We beseech You Adonoy!—grant us success26Psalms 118:25.; We beseech You Adonoy! — answer us on the day we call. For You, Adonoy, we have waited, For You, Adonoy, we have hoped, For You, Adonoy, we yearn. Do not be silent, and do not allow us to be tormented; for the nations have said, “Their hope is lost.” Let every knee and all who stand erect prostrate themselves only before You.", "You Who opens Your hand to [accept] repentance, to receive transgressors and sinners: our soul is terrified from our great sorrow— forget us not forever; arise and deliver us, for we trust in You. Our Father, our King, if we are without righteousness and good deeds, remember for us the covenant of our fathers and our testimony each day [that] Adonoy is One. Look at our afflictions, for our sufferings and the miseries of our hearts are many. Adonoy, spare us in the land of our captivity. Do not pour out Your wrath upon us, for we are Your people, the children of Your covenant. Almighty, look! Our glory has sunk low among the nations, and they abominate us like the impurity of the nidah.27Nidah is menstrual uncleanliness. See Leviticus 12:2. How long will Your strength be in captivity and Your glory in the hand of the foe?28This prayer is a paraphrase of Psalms 78:61. We read concerning the Ark of the Covenant, which had fallen into the hands of the Philistines, “And delivered His strength into captivity and His glory into the hand of the foe.” Arouse Your might and Your zeal upon Your enemies, that they be put to shame and be broken form their might. Let our sufferings not seem trivial to You. May Your mercy come swiftly toward us on the day of our distress. And if not for our sake, do it for Your sake; and do not obliterate the remembrance of our remnant; and be gracious to the people who proclaim the unity of Your Name twice very day in constant love: Hear Israel, Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One." ], "Nefilat Apayim": [ "David said to Gad, “I am in great distress. Let us fall into the hands of Adonoy, for His compassion is great; and let me not fall into the hands of men.”", "Merciful and Gracious One, I have sinned before You; Adonoy, full of mercy, have compassion upon me and accept my supplications: Adonoy, do not punish me in anger, do not chastise me in fury. Have mercy on me, Adonoy, for I languish; heal me, Adonoy, for my bones shake with terror. My whole being is stricken with terror, while You, Adonoy —O, how long! Adonoy, turn! Rescue me! Deliver me as befits Your faithfulness. For there is no praise of You among the dead; in Sheol, who can acclaim You? I am weary with groaning; every night I drench my bed, I melt my couch in tears. My eyes are wasted by vexation, worn out because of all my foes. Away from me, all you evildoers, for Adonoy heeds the sound of my weeping. Adonoy heeds my plea, Adonoy accepts my prayer. All my enemies will be frustrated and stricken with terror; they will turn back in an instant, frustrated." ], "God of Israel": [ "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.29Exodus 32:12.", "Look30The following prayers enable us to visualize the horrors of persecution that were so often the lot of the Jews in the dark ages and even more so in our days. from heaven and behold that we have become [an object] of scorn and derision among the nations; we are considered as the sheep led to the slaughter to be slain and destroyed, tortured and humiliated. And yet despite all this,31This refrain gives striking expression to the steadfastness of the Jew amid all his agony and martyrdom.
The one concept which, more than anything else, protected Israel from the base impulse of vengefulness, is proclaimed in these last few petitions. They teach us that we must commit to none other than God all vengeance and retribution for the suffering we sustain at the hands of others. Sacred literature is replete with assurances of God’s retribution for all that we have suffered at the hands of our foes.
we have not forgotten Your Name; please, do not forget us.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Strangers say: there is no hope or expectation [for us.] Be gracious to the people who place their hope in Your Name. Pure One, bring our deliverance near; we are weary and no relief is granted us. May Your mercy suppress Your anger from us. We beseech You, turn from Your anger, and have compassion on the treasured people whom You have chosen.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.29Exodus 32:12.", "Adonoy, in Your mercy, spare us, do not discard us in the hands of cruel foes. Why should the nations say: Where now is their God?32Psalms 115:2. For Your sake, deal kindly with us and do not delay. We beseech You, turn from Your anger, and have compassion on the treasured people whom You have chosen.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Hear our voice and be gracious, do not cast us off into the hands of our enemies to obliterate our name. Remember what You have sworn to our fathers: Like the stars of the heavens will I multiply your descendants,33Exodus 32:13. and now, we are left only a few out of many. And yet despite all this, we have not forgotten Your Name; please, do not forget us.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people.", "Help us, God of our deliverance for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins for the sake of Your Name.", "Adonoy, God of Israel, turn from Your fierce anger, and let Your mind be changed concerning the evil intended for Your people." ], "Shomer Yisrael": [ "Guardian of Israel, guard the remnant of Israel, and let not Israel perish, who say, “Hear Israel.”", "Guardian of the unique nation, guard the remnant of the unique people, and let not the unique nation perish, who proclaim the Oneness of Your Name, [saying:] Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "Guardian of the holy nation, guard the remnant of the holy people and let not the holy nation perish who repeat the threefold sanctification to the Holy One.", "You Who are appeased by pleas for mercy, and conciliated by supplications, be appeased and conciliated to an afflicted generation, for there is none else to help. Our Father, our King! be gracious to us and answer us for we have no [good] deeds, deal with us charitably and kindly and deliver us.", "As for us, we know not what to do; but our eyes are upon You.34II Chronicles 20:12. With this sentence. King Yehoshafat, concluded his prayer for Divine aid in his struggle against the hostile nations that were united against him. His prayer was answered. Each Jew in every generation must realize that he too has only one refuge for all time to come—God—to Whom we turn our eyes with trusting hope—S.R. Hirsch Remember Your mercies, Adonoy, and kindnesses for they are from the beginning of the world.35Psalms 25:26. Adonoy! may Your kindness be upon us, as we have waited for You.36Psalms 33:22. Remember not the sins of our ancestors;37Others translate, “Remember not our [own] former iniquities.” let Your mercy come swiftly toward us,38Psalms 79:8. for we have been brought very low. Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us for we are saturated with humiliation.39Psalms 123:3. [Even] in anger remember to have compassion.40Habakkuk 3:2. For He knows of what we are made; He is mindful that we are but dust.41Psalms 103:14. Help us, God of our deliverance, for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins,42May we repent so that our sins will be atoned. for the sake of Your Name.43Psalms 79:9." ], "Half Kaddish": [ "The Chazzan recites the Half Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "On days when the Torah is not read continue with Ashrei." ] } }, "Torah Reading": { "Removing the Torah from Ark": { "El Erech Appayim": [ "The following paragraph is said on Mondays and Thursdays except on Rosh Chodesh, the eve of Pesach, Tishah b’Av, Chanukah, the 14th and 15th Adar and Adar Sheni (Purim and Purim Katan), the eve of Yom Kippur, and it is also omitted in the house of a mourner. This prayer is recited while standing, as it includes a form of viduy (confession) which must be said while standing. On Mondays and Thursdays, as we are about to open the Ark to take out the Seifer Torah for public reading, we realize that we have transgressed much that is written in the Torah and are unworthy even to take it into our hands. Aware of our inadequacy and unworthiness, we utter the words, “Almighty who is slow to anger etc....”, appealing to Him for forgiveness.", "Almighty who is slow to anger and of great kindness and truth, do not rebuke us in Your anger. Adonoy, spare Your people1This verse from Joel (2:17) was inserted here by the sages of Italy as an abbreviated form of Tachanun to be recited by latecomers to the synagogue, instead of the entire “Vehu Rachum”, so that they could pay attention to the reading of the Torah. and deliver us from all evil. We have sinned against You, Master, forgive us, please, in keeping with Your abundant mercy, Almighty." ], "Vayehi Binsoa": [ "Moses and the Elders with him ordained that the Torah be read in public on Shabbos, Monday and Thursday mornings. The Talmud (Maseches Baba Kama 82), notes that Ezra later instituted that three men should be called up to read a total of at least ten verses from the Torah. He also enacted that the Torah be read at the Shabbos Mincha (afternoon) service. When the Torah is removed from the Ark, great care is taken to honor it. It is escorted by as many people as possible from the moment it is taken out of the Ark until it is placed on the reading table. We embrace and kiss the Torah during the procession and refrain from idle chatter. While the Torah is being read, you must be silent and listen to each word.", "When the Holy Ark is opened, the following is said:", "Whenever the Ark traveled, Moses would say: “Rise, Adonoy and let Your enemies be scattered, and those who hate You, flee before You.” For from Zion will go forth the Torah, and the word of Adonoy from Jerusalem. Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people Israel in His holiness." ], "Berich Shmei": [ "The following prayer is taken from the Zohar (Parshas Vayakhail), the basic text of Kabbalah which was written by the Mishnaic sage Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai. The Zohar states, “When the Torah is taken out to be read before the congregation, the heavenly gates of mercy are opened, and the Divine love is aroused; therefore one should say the following prayer.", "Blessed is the Name of the Master of the universe. Blessed is Your crown and Your place. May Your good will [be] with Your people Israel forever. Show Your people the redemption of Your right hand in Your Holy Temple. Bestow on us Your excellent light, and accept our prayer with compassion. May it be Your will to prolong our lives in well-being. Let me be counted among the righteous, so that You will have compassion on me and protect me and all that is mine, and all that belongs to Your people, Israel. You are He Who nourishes all and maintains all; You are He Who rules over all; You are He Who rules over kings, and the kingdom is Yours. I am a servant of the Holy One, blessed is He, I bow before Him and before the honor of His Torah at all times. Not in man do I put my trust, nor do I rely on any angel; but only in the God of heaven, Who is the true God, Whose Torah is truth, Whose prophets are true, and Who performs many deeds of goodness and truth. In Him I put my trust and to His honored, holy Name I utter praises. May it be Your will to open my heart to Torah, and to fulfill the desires of my heart, and of the heart of Your people Israel, for goodness, for life, and for peace." ], "Lekha Hashem": [ "The Chazzan says:", "Declare the greatness of Adonoy, with me. and let us exalt His Name together.", "The Congregation responds: Yours, Adonoy, is the greatness, the might, the glory, the victory, and the beauty, for everything in heaven and on earth [is Yours]; Yours, Adonoy, is the kingdom, and You are uplifted over all rulers. Exalt Adonoy, our God, and prostrate yourselves at His footstool, Holy is He. Exalt Adonoy, Our God, and prostrate yourselves at His holy mountain for Adonoy, our God, is holy." ], "Av Harachamim": [ "May the Father of mercy have compassion on the people borne2See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him, and may He remember the covenant with the patriarchs; may He rescue our souls from evil times; and may He rebuke the evil impulse from those who have been carried3See Exodus 19:4, “You have seen what I did to the Egyptians, and how I carried you on eagles’ wings.” See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which are borne by Me from the belly, which are carried by Me from the womb.” by Him; and may He graciously grant us eternal survival; and fulfill our requests in beneficent measure, [for] deliverance and compassion." ], "Vetigaleh Veteraeh": [ "When the Torah is unrolled, the Reader says:", "May His sovereignty be revealed and visible to us, soon; and may He be gracious to our remnant and the remnant of His people, the House of Israel [granting them] favor, kindness, compassion and goodwill. And let us say Amein. Let all ascribe greatness to our God, and give honor to the Torah. Let the Kohein come forward. Arise, ______ son of _____, the Kohein, Blessed is He Who gave the Torah to His people, Israel, in His holiness.", "The Congregation responds:", "And you who cling to Adonoy, Your God, are all alive today." ] }, "Reading from Sefer": { "Birkat Hatorah": [ "The Kohein*The following blessings are recited by every person called to the Torah. walks up to the Torah and says: ", "Blessed Adonoy, who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Kohein repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed, forever and ever.", "The Kohein says:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who chose us from among all the peoples and gave us His Torah. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah.", "After the Torah is read, the Kohein says: ", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe Who gave us the Torah of truth, and implanted eternal life within us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Giver of the Torah." ], "Birkat Hagomel": [ "Rav says, (Maseches Berachos 54) that four are obligated to offer thanks: persons who have safely completed a sea or land journey, or who have recovered from a serious illness, or have been released from captivity. One who is obligated to recite the blessing of thanksgiving should do so at the Torah-scroll after the blessing that follows the Torah reading. It is proper not to delay the recital of the blessing for more than three days.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who bestows goodness upon the guilty, Who has bestowed every goodness upon me.", "The congregation responds: He Who has bestowed goodness upon you, may He bestow every goodness upon you, forever.", "The following blessing is said by the father of a Bar Mitzvah, after the lad has been called to the Torah and has recited the blessing following the reading:", "Blessed (are You) who has released me from the punishment1The father is liable for the sins of his children only until they have been taught and trained to perform and observe the mitzvos. Once they have reached this level, even though they are not yet thirteen years of age, the father is no longer responsible for their sins.
Why then is this Beracha recited at the time of Bar Mitzvah? The Dover Meisharim, cites sources stating that on the contrary, children sometimes perish because of their fathers׳ sins. The fathers, in turn, are punished for causing the untimely deaths of their young children. Thus when they reach thirteen and are no longer liable for their fathers’ sins, the fathers too are released from the punishment they could have received for causing their children to perish. The Beracha is therefore recited at the Bar Mitzvah when the son becomes fully independent of his father.
of this [boy]." ], "Half Kaddish": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Raising the Torah": [ "When the reading of the Torah is concluded, the Half Kaddish is recited by the Reader. The Torah is then raised so that the congregation can see the script, and the congregation exclaims:", "This is the Torah which Moses placed before the children of Israel at Adonoy’s command by the hand of Moses.", "It is a tree of life to those who grasp to it, and those who support it are fortunate. Its ways are ways of pleasantness, and all its paths are peace. Long life is at its right, at its left, riches and honor. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.", "On those Mondays and Thursdays when Tachanun is said, before returning the Torah to the Ark, the Chazzan recites:", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven to establish the House of our lives2The Holy Temple. and restore His Divine Presence to our midst, speedily in our days, and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven to have compassion upon us and upon our remnant, and to keep destruction and plague from us, and from all His people, the House of Israel; and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven to preserve among us the sages of Israel, them, their wives, their sons and their daughters, their disciples, and the disciples of their disciples, wherever they live; and let us say Amein.", "May it be the will of our Father in heaven that we may hear and receive good tidings [of] deliverance and consolation; may He gather our dispersed from the four corners of the earth; and let us say Amein.", "[As for] our brethren, the entire House of Israel who [still] remain in distress and captivity, whether on sea or on land, may God have compassion on them, and bring them from distress to relief, from darkness to light, from servitude to redemption, at this moment, speedily, very soon; and let us say Amein." ], "Prayers for Welfare of the People": [] }, "Returning Sefer to Aron": { "Yehalelu": [ "On Mondays, Thursdays and other days when the Torah is read, as the Sefer Torah is returned to the Ark the Chazzan takes the Torah and says:", "They will praise the Name of Adonoy for His Name alone is exalted.", "Chazzan and congregation: His majesty is over the earth and the skies. He will raise the might of His people, [which is] praise for all His pious ones, for the children of Israel, the people near to Him. Praise God." ], "LeDavid Mizmor": [ "A psalm of David: the earth is Adonoy’s and the fullness thereof,1Rabbi Judah says in the name of Rabbi Akiva, “On the first day of the week, the Levites sang psalm 24, The earth is Adonoy’s and the fullness thereof, because on that day God took possession of His newly created world for Himself, in order to give possession to mankind. Yet He remained the sole Master of the world.”—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a the inhabited world and those who dwell in it. For He founded it upon the seas, and established it upon rivers. Who may ascend the mountain2Ibn Ezra says that “mountain” refers to Mount Moriah, the location of the Temple. David composed this psalm on the day he purchased the Temple site from Aravna the Jebusite. of Adonoy, and who may stand in the place of His holiness? The clean of hands and the pure of heart, who has not borne My soul in vain, and has not sworn deceitfully.3He whose piety is genuine and who will not use the Name of God to deceive others.—S.R. Hirsch He will bear Adonoy’s blessing4This person can expect that God will give him whatever will best serve his genuine welfare.—S.R. Hirsch and righteousness from the God of his deliverance. This is the generation of those who seek Him, the seekers of Your Presence, [God of] Jacob,5“Jacob” refers to all of Israel, the true descendants of the patriarch Jacob.—Radak Selah. Lift up your heads, gates, and be uplifted [you] entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is this King of Glory? Adonoy, strong and mighty; Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle. Lift up your heads, gates, and lift, entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is He, this King of Glory? Adonoy of hosts, He is the King of Glory, Selah." ], "Uvenucho Yomar": [ "And when it34The Ark. rested, he35Moses. would say: Return, Adonoy, to the myriads and thousands of Israel.36Numbers 10:36. Arise, Adonoy unto Your resting place, You and the Ark of Your strength. Let Your priests clothe themselves in righteousness, and let Your devoted ones sing in joy. For the sake of David, Your servant, do not reject Your anointed.37Psalms 132:8-10. For I have given you good instruction, do not forsake My Torah.38Proverbs 4:2. It is a tree of life to those who grasp it, and those who support it are fortunate.39Proverbs 3:18. Its ways are ways of pleasantness and all its paths are peace.40Proverbs 3:17. Cause us to return to you, Adonoy, and we shall return; renew our days as of old.41Lamentations 5:21." ] } }, "Concluding Prayers": { "Ashrei": [ "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house; may they continue to praise You, Selah. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; Fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and compassionate, slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways, and benevolent in all His deeds. Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth. The will of those who fear Him He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them. Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare, and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now on forever. Praise God." ], "Lamenatze'ach": [ "According to Rabbi S.R. Hirsch, this psalm is addressed to David by the people of Israel. It is a testimonial of trust that the people have in the Divinely-appointed king, who is accustomed to victory and triumph. At the same time, it proclaims the eternal truth that the victories which our king wins for our people are to be attributed not to his bravery, nor to his sword, nor to his soldiers, but solely to his relationship with God, His Sanctuary, and His Law.", "To Him Who grants victory, a Psalm of David May Adonoy answer you on the day of distress; May the Name of Jacob’s1Jacob’s entire life was filled with trials and distress, and he has thus become the symbol for his descendants throughout their periods of exile and distress.—Radak; S.R. Hirsch God fortify you. May He send your help from the Sanctuary,2May God help you because of your dedication to the Sanctuary. David’s entire being was consecrated to God’s Sanctuary.—S.R. Hirsch and support you from Zion. May He remember all your meal-offerings, and accept your burnt sacrifices3Rashi maintains that “offerings” and “sacrifices” refer to David’s prayers rather than to his real-offerings., Selah. May He grant you what your heart desires, and fulfill all your plans. We will sing at Your deliverance, and in the Name of our God, raise our banners; May Adonoy fulfill all your wishes. Now I know that Adonoy has delivered His anointed one, He will answer him from His holy heavens with the mighty deliverance of His right hand. Some [rely] upon chariots and some upon horses, but as for us, upon the Name of Adonoy, our God, we call. They have bowed down and fallen, but we have risen and stand firm. Adonoy, deliver [us], the King will answer us on the day we call." ], "Uva Letzion": [ "This portion, known as Kedushas d’Sidra, was introduced at the conclusion of the morning service to accomodate those who came to the synagogue too late to hear the Kedushah in Shemoneh Esrei. The Talmud (Maseches Sotah 49a) declares that the world is preserved solely by virtue of this Kedushah, and by the virtue of our answering, “May His great Name,” which is part of the Kaddish recited following the study of the Aggadah. Because of its importance, a vernacular translation in Aramaic was added, so that even those ignorant of Hebrew would understand the sacred words.", "The Redeemer shall come to Zion and to those of Jacob who repent from sin, says Adonoy. As for Me, this is My covenant with them, said Adonoy: My spirit which is upon you, and My words which I have put in your mouth shall not depart from your mouth, nor from the mouth of your children, nor from the mouth of your children’s children, said Adonoy— from now to eternity.", "And You, Holy One, are enthroned upon the praises of Israel.4God waits to hear the praises of Israel before He listens to the praises of the angels.—Etz Yosef God waits until the very last congregation of Jews has completed its prayers and then accepts the prayers of all Israel at one time.—Avudraham And [the angels] call one to another and say: Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts:5According to the Targum interpretation, the thrice “holy” in the Kedushah does not indicate three ascending degrees of sanctification. Instead, it implies a declaration that He Who is holy in the loftiest regions of His heavenly abode is holy not only there but also on earth, the creation of His Almighty power; and that He was not only holy in the past, but that He is holy even now and will be holy throughout all the ages.—S.R. Hirsch the fullness of all the earth is His glory.”6Isaiah 6:3", "And they receive [sanction] one from another, and say, Holy in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His mighty power; holy forever and to all eternity— is Adonoy of hosts; the whole earth is filled with the radiance of His glory.", "And a wind lifted me; and I heard behind me the sound of a great rushing; Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.7Ezekiel 3:12. 8See note 00 on Page 00.", "And a wind lifted me and I heard behind me a sound of a great rushing of those who uttered praises and said, ‘Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from the place, the abode of His Divine Presence.", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.9Exodus 15:18.", "Adonoy, His kingdom is established forever and to all eternity.", "Adonoy, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep this forever as the intention of the hearts of Your people, and direct their hearts to You.10I Chronicles 29:18. 11May our recitation of the Kedushah inspire our thoughts and direct our hearts to serve You.—Avudraham And He, the merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.12Psalms 78:38. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You.13Psalms 86:5. Your righteousness is everlasting and Your Torah is truth.14Psalms 119:142. You will grant truth to Jacob, kindliness to Abraham,15The patriarchs symbolize the three pillars of the universe—Torah, avodah,— the Temple service and gemilas chasadim—kindliness. Jacob epitomized Torah, which is the ultimate truth; Isaac personified Divine service in his readiness to be offered as a sacrifice to God; and Abraham exemplified the ideal and practice of kindliness throughout his life. We thus pray to be granted a share in the Divine truth of Torah in Jacob’s merit, and to receive God’s kindliness in Abraham’s merit. as You have sworn to our fathers from the days of old.16Micah 7:20. Blessed is my Master day by day; He loads us [with blessings],17Etz Yosef interprets the verse in this manner: “Blessed is Adonoy who loads us each day with His blessings and goodness.” the Almighty Who is our deliverance, forever.18Psalms 68:20. Adonoy of Hosts is with us a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah.19Psalms 46:8. Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You.20Psalms 84:13. Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call.21Psalms 20:10.", "Blessed is He, our God, Who created us for His glory,22This phrase is based on Isaiah 43:7, “Everything that is called by My Name, I have created it for My glory.” and set us apart from those who go astray;23This prayer is based on Joshua 24:2-3, “Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the river—and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the river.” See Genesis 20:13 as interpreted by Onkelos. and gave us the Torah of truth, and eternal life He implanted within us. May He open our heart to His Torah, and instill in our heart love and awe of Him, to do His will and serve Him with a perfect heart, so that we shall not labor in vain nor bring forth that which causes dismay.24Some women are barren; they cannot bear children at all. Others have children who are unable to live. Similarly, there arc those who study Torah only to criticize and ridicule what they learn, while others learn sincerely but later rebel against its teachings. Those who study to ridicule are comparable to the barren women who are unable to give birth. But those who later rebel are like those who bear children and bury them. We pray to God to instill His love and fear in our hearts so that our learning will bear fruit and have a lasting influence on our lives.—Siddur HaGra", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that we keep Your statutes in this world, and [thus] be privileged to live and behold, and to inherit the goodness and blessing of the Messianic days, and in the life of the World to Come. In order that my soul sing to You and not be stilled; Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.25Psalms 30:13. Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy,26God alone is the source of his trust; he relies on none other than God. One who puts his trust in God, while also relying upon a great many other factors, which he considers essential supports of his life and happiness, is not truly trusting in God.—S.R. Hirsch so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7. Trust in Adonoy until the end of days, for in God, Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds.28Isaiah 26:4. And they will trust in You— those who know29These are men of the highest caliber who perceive God’s ways with undistorted clarity. They discern God’s hand guiding the world in its constant, miraculous operation and they know with certainty that all is directed by God.—Malbim your Name, for You have never forsaken those who seek You, Adonoy.30Psalms 9:11. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.31Isaiah 42:21." ], "Kaddish Shalem": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen." ], "Alenu": [ "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.1Deuteronomy 4:39.", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai.2See page 00, note 00. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: Adonoy will reign forever and ever.3Exodus 15:18. And it is said: And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.4Zecharyah 14:9." ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Song of the Day": [ "The custom of reciting a different psalm each day of the week originated in the Temple. The Mishnah (Maseches Tamid 7:4) describes the psalms which were chanted by the Levites each day during the service.", "On Sunday:", "Today is the first day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "A psalm of David: the earth is Adonoy’s and the fullness thereof,1Rabbi Judah says in the name of Rabbi Akiva, “On the first day of the week, the Levites sang psalm 24, The earth is Adonoy’s and the fullness thereof, because on that day God took possession of His newly created world for Himself, in order to give possession to mankind. Yet He remained the sole Master of the world.”—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a the inhabited world and those who dwell in it. For He founded it upon the seas, and established it upon rivers. Who may ascend the mountain2Ibn Ezra says that “mountain” refers to Mount Moriah, the location of the Temple. David composed this psalm on the day he purchased the Temple site from Aravna the Jebusite. of Adonoy, and who may stand in the place of His holiness? The clean of hands and the pure of heart, who has not borne My soul in vain, and has not sworn deceitfully.3He whose piety is genuine and who will not use the Name of God to deceive others.—S.R. Hirsch He will bear Adonoy’s blessing4This person can expect that God will give him whatever will best serve his genuine welfare.—S.R. Hirsch and righteousness from the God of his deliverance. This is the generation of those who seek Him, the seekers of Your Presence, [God of] Jacob,5“Jacob” refers to all of Israel, the true descendants of the patriarch Jacob.—Radak Selah. Lift up your heads, gates, and be uplifted [you] entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is this King of Glory? Adonoy, strong and mighty; Adonoy, the Mighty One in battle. Lift up your heads, gates, and lift, entranceways to eternity, so that the King of Glory may enter. Who is He, this King of Glory? Adonoy of hosts, He is the King of Glory, Selah.", "On Monday:", "Today is the second day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "A song, a psalm by the sons of Korach.6On the second day, psalm 48, “Adonoy is great and highly extolled,” was sung by the Levites because on the second day of creation God separated the heavenly and earthly parts of the universe and ruled over both.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a Adonoy is great and highly extolled in the city of our God, the mountain of His Sanctuary. Beautiful in its panoramic vista, the joy of all the earth is Mount Zion, on the northern extremities (of Jerusalem);7Jerusalem is the source of all the joy in the world. Joy radiates from Jerusalem to the rest of the world because it is the center of the universe, both in terms of geography and history. The Temple era is the midpoint of the generations—of the generations which preceded the Temple, and of those which followed its destruction. The generations before the Temple were uplifted and imbued with the hopes of its realization; the later generations are drawn to its light by recalling its radiant glory and by anticipating its rebuilding. We mention Jerusalem at every joyous occasion to emphasize that it is the true source of joy.—Sfas Emes
Tziyun is the Hebrew word for a monument, a memorial for someone who has died. When it is spelled “Tziyon, it refers to the site of God’s Sanctuary, a timeless memorial for the preservation of truth in the midst of mankind. Even though the Temple has been destroyed, the mountain symbolically reminds man of the presence of the true God.—S.R. Hirsch
the city of the great King.8Some commentators say that the great king refers to David, rather than to God. God, in its palaces, has become known as a Stronghold. For behold, the kings assembled,9The kings had assembled to attack Jerusalem.—Rashi they passed by together. They saw and were astounded,10When the kings, who assembled to attack Jerusalem, witnessed the wondrous deeds which God performed in His victorious battle against their armies, they were astounded and terrified.—Radak they panicked and fled in haste. Trembling siezed them there, like the pangs of a woman in labor. With an east wind You smashed the ships of Tarshish. As we heard, so we saw in the city of Adonoy of hosts, in the city of our God; may God establish it for eternity, Selah. We hoped, God, for Your lovingkindness in the midst of Your Sanctuary. As Your Name, God, so is Your praise—11We testify that Your wondrous deeds match the praise and exalted names which the Prophets used to describe Your might.—Radak to the ends of the earth; Your right hand is full of righteousness. Let Mount Zion rejoice, let the daughters12Or cities of Judah. of Judah exult, because of Your judgments. Rally around Zion and encircle her, count her towers. Consider well her ramparts, raise high her citadels, that you may recount it to future generations. That this is God, our God forever and ever, He will lead us like children.13Hirsch and others translate, “He will lead us beyond death.” They divide almus into two words al mus. Our translation follows Rashi, who renders it as one word.", "On Tuesday:", "Today is the third day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "A psalm of Assaf14Assaf was one of the ten composers who contributed to the Book of Psalms; he wrote eleven psalms (73-83). The leading Levite musician of his times, he was also endowed with the spirit of prophecy. God stands in the congregation of the Almighty,15The Talmud designates psalm 82 for the third day of the week because on the third day of Creation, God in His wisdom revealed the earth and established the world for His chosen “congregation.” This psalm is an allusion to Genesis 1:9 where we read, “God said, ‘Let the waters beneath the heavens be gathered (congregate) into one place, so that the dry land may appear’.”.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a in the midst of the judges He gives judgement. How long will you judge lawlessly and show partiality to the wicked forever? Render justice to the lowly and the orphan, deal righteously with the poor and destitute. Rescue the lowly and the needy, save them from the hand of the wicked. They neither know nor understand,16“They” refers to the judges. they walk along in darkness, all the foundations of the earth are shaken.17Justice is one of the three pillars upon which the earth rests (Maseches Avos 1:18). Without justice there is no stability in the world. I had said “You are godlike beings, all of you, sons of the Most High.” Nevertheless, you shall die like men, and fall like one of the princes. Arise, God, judge the earth, for You will inherit all the nations.", "On Wednesday:", "Today is the fourth day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "Almighty of vengeance, Adonoy,18Psalm 94, “Almighty of vengeance” was sung on the fourth day because God created the sun and the moon on the fourth day, and He will punish those who worship them.—Maseches Rosh Hashana Almighty of vengeance, reveal Yourself. Arise Judge of the earth, repay the arrogant their just reward. How long shall the wicked— Adonoy— how long shall the wicked exult? They express, they speak with arrogance; all the evildoers are boastful. Adonoy, they crush Your people and Your heritage they oppress. The widow and stranger they kill, and orphans they murder. And they say, “God does not see, the God of Jacob is not concerned.” Consider, [you] stupid [ones] among the people,— and you fools when will you become wise? He Who implanted the ear, does He not hear? He Who formed the eye, does He not see? He Who chastises nations, does He not reprove— He that teaches man knowledge? Adonoy knows the thoughts of men, that they are vanity. Fortunate is the man whom You chastise, God, and whom You instruct from Your Torah. To grant him tranquility from days of evil, until the pit is dug for the wicked. for Adonoy will not abandon His people and His inheritance, He will not forsake. For justice shall return unto righteousness, and all the upright in heart will follow it. Who will rise up for me against the wicked, who will stand up for me against the evildoers? Had Adonoy not been my help, in an instant my soul would have dwelt in the silent grave. If [Whenever] I said, my foot has slipped, Your kindliness, Adonoy upheld me. When (worrisome) thoughts multiply within me, Your consolations soothe my soul. Can a tribunal of evil have accord with You— [a tribunal] that makes iniquity into law? They gang up against the life of the righteous, and blood of the innocent they condemn. Adonoy has been my stronghold, my God the Rock of my refuge. He turns their violence against them, and with their own wickedness destroys them; Adonoy, my God, destroys them. Come let us sing to Adonoy; let us shout for joy to the Rock of our Deliverance.19This verse and the following two are from Psalms 95:1-3. Let us greet Him with thanksgiving; with song let us shout for joy to Him. for a great Almighty is Adonoy; a great King over all godlike beings.", "On Thursday:", "Today is the fifth day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "To Him Who grants victory—20Psalm 81 was designated for the fifth day “Because God created the birds and fish on that day.” These creatures bring joy to the world and when people observe the vast variety of the bird and fish species, they are awed by God’s creativity. They are thus inspired to sing joyously to God.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a upon the Gittis,21Gittis was a musical instrument that was manufactured in the town of Gat. a psalm of Assaf: Sing joyously to God, our strength, shout for joy to the God of Jacob.22Meiri associates the word הריעו with תרועה, sounding the shofar. Thus the verse reads, “Sound the shofar to the God of Jacob.” Take up the hymn, sound the drum, the pleasant harp and the lute. Blow the shofar on the Rosh Chodesh, at the appointed time for our festive day.23The Talmud relates the word כסה with כסה, covering. All other festivals occur when the moon is clearly visible. Rosh Hashana occurs at the beginning of the month when the moon is barely visible.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 8a For it is a statute for Israel, a [day of] judgement of the God of Jacob.24S.R. Hirsch translates, “The God of Jacob sits in judgment.” As a testimony for Yehosef, He ordained it25Joseph feared God’s Name and refused to give in to the wiles of Potiphar’s wife. Because he sanctified God’s Name, he merited that the letter hei from God’s Name should be added to his name, making it Yehosef, יהוסף.—Maseches Sotah 10b. when he went out over the land of Egypt, [where] an unfamiliar language I heard. From the burden, I removed his shoulder, his hands were removed from the cauldron.26Rashi says that this refers to the cooking and menial kitchen tasks which the Jewish slaves were forced to do in Egypt. In distress you called out, and I released you, I answered you [though you called] in secret [I answered you] thunderously; I tested you at the waters of Merivah. Selah. Hear, My people, I will testify about you, Israel, if you would just listen to Me. Let no strange god be within you, nor bow before a foreign god. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you up from the land of Egypt, open your mouth wide, and I will fill it.27“Open your mouth wide” and state all your desires. But My people did not heed My voice, and Israel did not want Me. So I sent them to follow their heart’s desires, let them follow their own devices. If only My people would heed Me, if Israel would walk in My ways. I would immediately subdue their enemies, and turn My hand against their tormentors. Those who cause hate of Adonoy deceive [pretend obedience to] Him, but their time (of punishment) will be forever. But He would feed him (Israel) from the cream of the wheat, and from the rock, I would sate you with honey.", "On Friday:", "Today is the sixth day of the week, on which the Levites used to recite in the Holy Temple:", "Adonoy has begun His reign,28On the sixth day, the Levites sang Psalm 93, “Adonoy has begun his reign, with majesty He has clothed Himself,” because He completed the work of creation and reigned over all His creatures.—Maseches Rosh Hashana 31a with majesty He has clothed Himself; Adonoy clothed Himself, with strength He has girded Himself; He has firmly established the world, so that it cannot be moved. Your throne stands firm from of old, You are from eternity. The rivers have raised—Adonoy— the rivers have raised their voice, the rivers raise their raging waves. More than the roar of many waters, mightier than the breakers of the sea, mighty on high are You “Adonoy.” Your testimonies are extremely faithful; holiness is becoming to Your House, Adonoy,—for the length of days." ], "Barchi Nafshi": [ "The following psalm (104) is recited in many synagogues on Rosh Chodesh days, following the daily psalm.", "My soul, bless Adonoy; Adonoy, my God, You are greatly exalted; with beauty and splendor are You clothed. Enwrapped in light, garment-like, He spreads out the heavens like a curtain. He Who covers His upper chambers with water,1This refers to the “waters that are above the skies” (Genesis 1:6-7; Psalms 148:14).—Metsudas Dovid He Who makes clouds His chariot, He Who walks upon wings of wind. He Who makes winds His messengers, flaming fires His servants. He Who established the earth upon its foundations, [so] that it shall never be moved.", "The deep, He covered as with a garment;2God covers the depths of the seas in order to prevent them from overflowing and destroying the world.—Metsudas Dovid the waters remain on mountains.3Even though the nature of water is to flow downward, God nevertheless ordered that there be water on the highest mountains.—Metsudas Dovid At Your shout they retreated, at Your thunderous voice they hastened away.4This sentence describes God’s command, “Let the waters under the heavens be gathered together unto one place” (Genesis 1:9).—Metsudas Dovid They go up mountains, down into valleys, to the specific place You founded for them. You set a boundary5The sand is the boundary; the water may not cross it to flood the earth.—Rashi [which] they may not cross, lest they return to cover the earth.", "He Who sends springs into streams to flow between the mountains; to water all the beasts of the fields; the wild ones quench their thirst. Over them dwell the birds of the sky, from among the branches, they give voice. [You] Who waters the mountains from His upper chambers,6See footnote 00. from the fruit of Your works7“The fruit of Your works” refers to the rain which satisfies the needs of the earth.—Metsudas Dovid the earth is sated.", "[You] Who causes grass to sprout for cattle, and vegetation for the labor of man, to bring forth bread from the earth; wine to cheer the heart of man, to make [his] face shine from oil, and bread to sustain the heart of man. Adonoy’s trees are sated,8The trees are satisfied with the rain. the cedars of Lebanon that He planted; where birds make their nests, the stork—the firs are her home. The high mountains [are] for the wild goats, the rocks a refuge for the rabbits.", "He made the moon to fix seasons the sun knows its place to set. You make darkness and night comes, in which move about all the beasts of the forest. —The young lions roar for prey, and seek their food from the Almighty. [When] the sun rises, they gather and come into their dens to lie. Man goes out to his work, to his labor until evening.", "How many are Your works, Adonoy! You made them all with wisdom; the earth is full of Your possessions! This sea, great and wide— therein are innumerable creeping things, animals small and great. There ships travel; this Leviathan9According to tradition, God created the Leviathan with a mate but slew her in order that they not reproduce. Because of their tremendous size, they would have brought much destruction to the world (See Rashi in Genesis 1:21).—Rashi You formed to frolic with. They all look to You expectantly, to provide their food in its time. [When] You give it to them, they gather it in; [when] You open Your hand, they are sated with goodness. When You hide Your face,10When God withdraws His sustaining power from any creature or being, it perishes. they are panic-stricken; When You gather in their breath, they perish, and to their dust they return. When You send Your spirit,11This refers to the era when God will restore life to the dead.—Rashi they will be created [anew]; and You will renew the face of the earth.", "The glory of Adonoy will endure forever, Adonoy will rejoice in His works— Who gazes upon the earth and it trembles; Who touches the mountains and they erupt. I will sing to Adonoy with my life; I will offer hymns to my God as long as I am alive. May my words be pleasant to Him; I will rejoice in Adonoy.12When God accepts my prayer, I will rejoice in His deliverance.—Metsudas Dovici Sin will be excised from the earth, and the wicked will be no more; My soul bless Adonoy, Praise God." ], "LeDavid": [ "The following psalm (27) is recited at the conclusion of services, morning and evenings, from the first day of Elul, through Shemini Atzeres. Others say only until Hoasha’na Rabbah. The psalm voices our prayer that God will be our light on Rosh Hashana enabling us to repel the darkness of sin through true repentance, and that He will be our salvation on Yom Kippur, through His compassionate atonement of our sins.", "By David: Adonoy is my light and my salvation, whom shall I fear? Adonoy is the strength1Rav S.R. Hirsch translates, “Adonoy is the source of my life’s strength,” thus David declares that God is the fount from which his life derives its power to resist all foes. of my life, of whom shall I be afraid? When evildoers approach me to devour my flesh— my tormentors and my foes they stumble and fall. If an army should encamp against me, my heart would not fear; if war were to rise against me, in this2David says that he trusts in the declaration stated in the opening verse, “Adonoy is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear?—Rashi, Radak I trust. One thing I request of Adonoy, [only] that shall I seek, that I may dwell3The literal translation of שבתי is “my sitting.” The Talmud states that “no man may ‘sit’ in the courtyard of the Temple except for the kings of the House of David.”—Maseches Sotah 40b in the House of Adonoy all the days of my life, to behold the pleasantness of Adonoy, and to meditate in His Sanctuary. For He will hide me in His Tabernacle4The Vilna Gaon comments that all the commandments pertaining to Succos are implied in this verse and the next. on the day of distress, He will conceal me in the shelter of His Tent, upon a rock He will lift me. And now my head is raised high above my enemies around me;5David declares, “Because I look up to God in every aspect of my existence, I am so exalted that no enemy can harm me.—S.R. Hirsch and I will offer in His Tent, sacrifices accompanied by trumpets of joy; I will sing and chant to Adonoy. Adonoy, hear my voice6This verse alludes to Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. “Hear my voice,” refers to Rosh Hashana when we sound the shofar. The word “my voice (sound)” refers to the “voice” of the shofar. “When I call” refers to Yom Kippur, about which Isaiah (55:6) said, “call to Him when He is near.”—Siddur HaGra when I call; be gracious to me and answer me. Of You, my heart has said, Seek My Presence; Your Presence, Adonoy I will seek. Conceal not Your Presence from me, do not turn away Your servant in anger. You have been my help; neither cast me off nor abandon me, God of my deliverance. When my father and mother abandon7Even if I were so depraved that my own mother and father would abandon me to my own devices, God would still gather me up and believe in my ability to mend my ways.—S.R. Hirsch me, Adonoy will gather me up. Adonoy, teach me Your way, and lead me in the path of uprightness, because of my watchers.8I.e., his enemies. David asks for Divine help that he be saved even from the mere semblance of wrongdoing so that his foes should not be able to rejoice over his faults.—S.R. Hirsch Do not deliver me to the will of my tormentors, for false witnesses have risen against me, who breathe violence. Had I not believed9“These false witnesses would have destroyed me had I not believed that I would see the goodness of God in the land of the living.”—Rashi, Radak that I would see the goodness of Adonoy in the land of living.10There are various interpretations of the “Land of the living.” Some hold that it refers to the present world in which we live—Metsudas Tzion; Ramban holds that it refers to the World-to-Come; and Malbim says that it refers to Eretz Yisroel. Hope to Adonoy, be strong and He will give you courage; and hope to Adonoy.", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Korbanot (Israel)": { "Ein Kelohenu": [ "Hope to Adonoy; be strong and He will give you courage and hope to Adonoy. There is none holy like Adonoy for there is none beside You and thee is no stronghold like our God. For who is a god other than Adonoy and who is a stronghold beside our God.", "There is none like our God. There is none like our Master. There is none like our King. There is none like our Deliverer. Who is like our God? Who is like our Master? Who is like our King? Who is like our Deliverer? Let us thank our God. Let us thank our Master. Let us thank our King. Let us thank our deliverer. Blessed is our God. Blesed is our Master. Blessed is our King. Blessed is our Deliverer. You are our God. You are our Master. You are our King. You are our Deliverer.", "you are He, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers before whom our fathers burned the incenese offering. " ], "Pitum HaKetoret": [ "The composition of the incense consisted of balm, onycha, galbanum, and frankincense— by weight, seventy maneh of each; myrrh, cassia, spikenard and saffron by weight— sixteen maneh of each; twelve maneh of costus, three maneh of aromatic bark, and nine maneh of cinnamon. [Also used in compounding the incense were:] Nine kabin of Carshina lye, Cyprus wine [measuring] three s'in and three kabin— if he had no Cyprus wine, he could used strong white wine— a fourth of a kab of Sodom salt, and a minute quantity of maaleh ashan. Rabbi Nosson of Babylonia says, Add a minute quantity of Jordan amber. If one added honey, the incense became unfit; and if one omitted any of its spices he was liable to the death penalty.", "Rabbi Shimon ben Gamliel says: The balm is nothing but sap which drips from the balsam tree. Why was Carshina lye used? To refine the onycha in order to make it pleasant. Why was Cyprus wine used? The onycha was soaked in it to give it a pungent odor. Though the water of Raglayim was well suited for that purpose, they did not bring the water of Raglayim into the Temple because it would be disrespectful.", "It was taught in the school of Elijah; Whoever studies halachos every day, he is assured of life in the World-to-Come, for it is said, The ways (halichos) of the world are His.\" Do not read halichos, but halachos:", "Rabbi Eliezer said on behalf of Rabbi Chanina: the disciples of the wise increase peace in the world, for it is said: ‘and all your children will be disciples of Adonoy's [Torah]; and great will be the peace of your children.' Do not read banayich [your children] but read bonayich [your builders]. Great is the peace of those who love Your Torah, and they will have no stumbling block [misfortune]. Let there be peace within your moats, serenity within your palaces. For the sake of my brethren and companions, I will say: ‘peace be with you.' For the sake of the House of Adonoy, our God, I will seek [pray for] your good. Adonoy will give strength unto His people; Adonoy will bless his people with peace." ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "Upon Israel, and upon our Sages, and upon their disciples, and upon all the disciples of their disciples, and upon all those who engage in Torah study in this land and in every land. May there be unto them and unto you abundant peace, favor, kindness, compassion, long life, ample sustenance and redemption from their Father Who is in heaven and on earth, —and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Barchu": [ "The Chazzan says:", "Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The Congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever." ] } }, "Post Service": { "Six Remembrances": [ "The Exodus", "...in order that you remember the day you came out of the land of Egypt all the days of your life.1Deuteronomy 16:3.", "The Revelation at Mount Sinai", "Only beware, and guard you soul diligently, lest you forget the things which your eyes have seen; lest they be removed from your heart all the days of your life; and make them known to your children and to your children’s children. [That what you witnessed] the day you stood before Adonoy your God at Chorev.2Deuteronomy 4:9-10.", "The Attack of Amalek", "Remember what Amalek did to you on the way, as you came out of Egypt! How he encountered you on the way, and he cut off all the weak ones [who were straggling] behind you, when you were weary and exhausted; and he did not fear God.3Other commentators say that these words refer to the Jewish people, who did not fear God. When Adonoy, Your God, will relieve you from all your enemies around you, in the land which Adonoy, your God, gives you as a possession to inherit; you shall eradicate the memory of Amalek from beneath the heavens. Do not forget.4Deuteronomy 25:17-19.", "The Sin of the Golden Calf", "Remember, do not forget, how you provoked Adonoy, Your God, in the desert.5Deuteronomy 9:7.", "What Happened to Miriam", "Remember what Adonoy, your God, did to Miriam on the way, when you came out of Egypt.6Deuteronomy 24:9.", "The Sabbath", "Remember the Sabbath day to sanctify it.7Exodus 20:8." ], "Ten Commandments": [], "Thirteen Principles": [ "1. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is the Creator and Guide of all created things, and He alone has made, does make, and will make all things.", "2. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is unique, and there is no uniqueness like His in any manner; and that He alone is our God, Who was, is, and will ever be.", "3. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is not corporeal, and that He is beyond all corporeal concepts, and there is nothing at all comparable to Him.", "4. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is First and Last.", "5. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, is the only One to Whom it is proper to pray, and it is not proper to pray to any being beside Him ", "6. I believe with complete faith that all the words of the prophets are true.", "7. I believe with complete faith that the prophecy of our teacher, Moses, may he rest in peace, was true, and that he was the father of all prophets, —of those who preceded him, and of those who followed him.", "8. I believe with complete faith that the entire Torah which is now in our possession, is the very one that was given to our teacher Moses, may he rest in peace.", "9. I believe with complete faith that this Torah will not be exchanged, and that no additional Torah [will be given] by the Creator, blessed is His Name.", "10. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, knows all the deeds of men and all their thoughts, as it is said,2Psalms 33:15. He Who forms all their hearts as one, Who comprehends all their deeds.", "11. I believe with complete faith that the Creator, blessed is His Name, rewards those who keep His commandments, and punishes those who transgress His commandments.", "12. I believe with complete faith in the coming of the Messiah and even though he may tarry, nevertheless, I yearn every day for his coming.", "13. I believe with complete faith that there will be a resurrection of the dead at a time that pleases the Creator, blessed is His Name, and His Name will be exalted forever and to all eternity." ] } }, "Minchah": { "Ashrei": [ "Fortunate are those who dwell in Your house;1This verse referred to the Kohanim and the Levites who served (dwelt) in the Holy Temple (Your House); it is at all times applicable to scholars and devout men who study and pray in houses of worship and study. may they continue to praise You, Selah.2Psalms 84:5. Fortunate is the people whose lot is thus; fortunate is the people for whom Adonoy is their God.3Psalms 144:15. A praise by David! I will exalt You, my God, the King, and bless Your Name forever and ever. Every day I will bless You4According to Rav S.R. Hirsch, David here declares, “I will dedicate myself to serve You and to fulfill Your will in loyal obedience,” for in serving God, man causes His Name to be blessed. and extol Your Name forever and ever. Adonoy is great and highly extolled, and His greatness is unfathomable. One generation to another will praise Your works, and Your mighty acts they will declare. The splendor of Your glorious majesty, and the words5Not simply נפלאתיך—a report of Your wonders—but דברי נפלאתיך the “words”—the lessons that Your wonders teach.—S.R. Hirsch of Your wonders I will speak. Of Your awesome might, they6People in general will speak of God’s wondrous might in punishing the wicked (Sodom, Egypt, etc.) while David will proclaim that God’s greatness is measured more by His kindliness than by His awesomeness.—Siach Yitzchok will speak, and Your greatness I will recount. Mention of Your bountifulness they will express, and in Your righteousness joyfully exult. Adonoy is gracious and merciful,7He is gracious in bestowing reward and merciful in punishment.—Siach Yitzchok slow to anger and great in kindliness. Adonoy is good to all, His mercy encompasses all His works. All Your works will thank You, Adonoy, and Your pious ones will bless You.8Your works, which are the cause of your being thanked by sensitive people; similarly, cause your pious ones to bless You.—based on S.R. Hirsch. Of the honor of Your kingship, they will speak, and Your might they will declare. To reveal to men His mighty acts, and the glorious splendor of His kingship. Your kingship is the kingship for all times, and Your dominion is in every generation. Adonoy supports all the fallen, and straightens all the bent. The eyes of all look expectantly to You, and You give them their food at its proper time. You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being. Adonoy is just in all His ways and benevolent in all His deeds.9The penalties for transgressions are just, but God is gracious in the actual punishment inflicted on the sinner.—Siddur HaGra Adonoy is near to all who call upon Him, to all who call upon Him in truth.10He is near to all who call upon Him, but His nearness can be perceived only by those who call upon Him in truth, who truly mean to have God enter into their lives.—S.R. Hirsch The will of those who fear Him, He fulfills; He hears their cry and delivers them.11While God hears all who cry unto Him in truth. He answers those who fear Him, who subject their desires to His will.—Siach Yitzchok Adonoy watches over all those who love Him, and will destroy all the wicked. Praise of Adonoy, my mouth will declare and all flesh will bless His holy Name forever and ever. And we will bless God from now forever. Praise God.12Psalms 115:18. You should pause between עולם and הללויה. Similarly, in all the Psalms, the word הללויה is not connected to the preceding verse.", "The Half-Kaddish is recited by the Chazzan", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ], "Amida": { "Patriarchs": [ "Fundamentals of Kuzari, (Metsudah Publications, 1979) pages 269, 271, 273.
When reciting
Shemoneh Esrei, you must adhere to these rules:
1. Before beginning the prayer, take three steps backwards and then return to your former position. Upon completing the prayer, take three steps backwards and return.
2. Keep your feet together.
3. Concentrate on the meaning of the words you are uttering. Remove all distracting thoughts and worries from your mind.
4. You may not interrupt
Shemoneh Esrei by talking, not even by answering Amein. If you should hear Kedushah, Kaddish, or Barechu while saying the Shemoneh Esrei, you should remain silent and listen to the Chazzan’s words.
5. At the beginning and end of the first blessing, at the beginning and end of the blessing that begins: “We are thankful to You,” (page 133) and ends with “The Beneficent is Your Name,” (page 140) we half-kneel and bow in the following manner: At the word “Blessed,” bend your knees; at the word “You,” bend forward until the vertebrae of your spinal cord are loosened; at “Adonoy,” return to your upright position in keeping with the verse, “Adonoy straightens the bent” (Psalms 146:8).
6. Each individual recites
Shemoneh Esrei in silence. Only the prayer leader, the Chazzan, ever recites it aloud, and then only after the entire congregation, himself included, has recited it silently.", "When I proclaim Adonoy’s Name attribute greatness to our God.", "My Master,1When God’s name is spelled Alef-Daled-Nun-Yud it means “my Master”, i.e., it is a personal declaration of the person uttering it. When it is spelled Yud-Hey-Vov-Hey, it indicates God as the Creator of all.—Avudraham open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.2Psalms 51:17.", "Blessed3The first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei contains eighteen expressions of praise which parallel the Eighteen Benedictions. are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children’s children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)4We ask God for life so that we can fulfill His purpose in creating us, i.e., to observe and fulfill His commandments.", "If you forgot to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing, you should recite it. If you have already said “Blessed are You Adonoy,” you must continue the prayers without saying “Remember.”", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield.5God is a helper in all the fortunes of life by giving us the necessary energy and talents to succeed. He delivers us from both moral and physical suffering, and He shields us by keeping tragedy and evil influences from us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham.6These words complete the first blessing of Shemoneh Esrei called “Avos” (Patriarchs). And here too we bend our knees and bow when saying, “Blessed are You.” The major theme of this section is to praise God as “the Great”, as manifested in the Divine protection and providence He gave to the Patriarchs, of whom Abraham was the first.—Vilna Gaon" ], "Divine Might": [ "You are mighty forever,7God’s rule of the world is permanent and perpetual.—Kuzari my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead8This is the emphatic expression of our belief in the immortality of the soul.—Kuzari the Powerful One9This passage begins the section of Shemoneh Esrei called “Gevuros” (Might) and its major theme is to praise God as “the Mighty One.” Who alone restores man to life, health, freedom, and well-being.—Vilna Gaon to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres one should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.10God’s might is as much manifested in causing the rain as it is in reviving the dead. In fact the Talmud (Maseches Taanis 7a) declares in the name of Rabbi Avohu: “The day when rain falls is greater than the day of the resurrection of the dead.” Rabbi Yochanan said, (Ibid, 2a): “There are three ׳keys’ which God retains in His own hands and does not entrust to any emissary: the key to rain, the key to childbirth, and the key to the resurrection of the dead.”", "If you neglected to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים, “the Resurrector of the dead,” you must say it at that time. If you reminded yourself after saying וְנֶאֱמָן אַתָּה “You are faithful,” you must repeat it and then complete the blessing of מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. If you became aware of your omission after starting the blessing אַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ “You are holy,” even if you only said the word “You,” say the Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If during the first thirty days after Shemini Atzeres you are in doubt whether you said it, you must assume that you didnot say it. After thirty days, however, since you have become accustomed to saying it, you may assume that you recited the proper phrase and you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead11The most extraordinary manifestation of God’s might—to our perception—is when He restores the dead to life. Avudraham writes that the three following praises represent various examples of how God restores life to those who arc near death. When a person falls (either physically or morally) he is often near death; thus, when God supports the fallen he restores their lives. When a person is sick, he often faces death, so when God heals the sick He restores their lives. A person who is imprisoned—i.e., confined—is like dead; thus when God releases the imprisoned He restores their lives. with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust.12Just as God shows His faithfulness to the living, so too will He keep faith with the dead who lie in the dust. Others say that “Those who sleep in the dust” refers to the Patriarchs; God will remember the oath He made to them and keep His promises to them.—Avudraham Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.13Deliverance will “grow” in stages rather than all at once.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy)", "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning “Remember us for life.”", "And You are faithful14How remarkable is the Jew’s conviction of God’s faithfulness. When the Chazzan says the blessing of “Resurrector of the dead,” the Jew responds, “Amein” even though he has not seen God restore the dead to life; when the Chazzan says the blessing “Redeemer of Israel,” he responds “Amein”, even though he has not yet been delivered; and when the Chazzan says the blessing “Builder of Jerusalem,” he responds “Amein” even though Jerusalem has not yet been rebuilt.—Midrash Tanchuma to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei, the Kedushah is said here)" ], "Holiness of God": [ "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. For You are an Almighty King— great and holy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.19This blessing completes the section of Shemoneh Esrei called Kedushah (Holiness) which emphasizes that God is indeed awesome.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence: Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, “the Almighty” instead of “the King,” or if you are in doubt—if you realized your error after a lapse of time sufficient to utter a three word greeting (Shalom Aleichem Rebbe), or if you had already started the next blessing, you must say the Shmoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you became aware of your error before that, you should immediately say “the King the Holy One” and continue your prayers." ], "Keduasha": [ "The Congregation says and the Chazzan repeats:", "We will hallow Your Name in the world, as they hallow it in the heavens above, as is written by the hand of Your prophet,16Isaiah 6:3. And they called one to another, and said:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "‘Holy, holy, holy, is Adonoy of Hosts, the fullness of all the earth is His glory.’”", "The Chazzan says:", "Those facing them say “Boruch...”", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from its place17Ezekiel 3:12.", "The Chazzan says:", "And in Your Holy Words it is written:", "Congregation says and Chazzan repeats:", "Adonoy will reign forever; Your God, Zion, throughout all generations! Praise God.18Psalms 146:10.", "The Chazzan says:", "From generation to generation we will declare Your greatness, and to all eternity, we will sanctify Your holiness, and Your praise, our God, will not depart from our mouth forever and ever; because You are the Almighty Who is King; Great, and Holy. Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.19This blessing completes the section of Shemoneh Esrei called Kedushah (Holiness) which emphasizes that God is indeed awesome." ], "Knowledge": [ "You favor man with perception20The blessing “You favor man with perception” begins the group of thirteen petitions which make up the “intermediate” section of Shemoneh Esrei. The first six petitions (blessings 4-9) are for our individual needs and well-being: understanding, repentance, forgiveness of sins, deliverance from trouble, from illness, and from want. Though these six petitions are of a personal nature, they voice the needs of all mankind. Note that the worshipper prays for his spiritual needs—knowledge, repentance, and forgiveness before he prays for his physical wants. and teach mankind understanding. Grant us knowledge, understanding and intellect from You. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Grantor of perception." ], "Repentance": [ "Cause us to return,22The goal of wisdom is the realization of man’s true relationship to his Maker. Wisdom should be used for Torah study and Divine service. our Father, to Your Torah and bring us near, our King, to Your service; and bring us back in whole-hearted repentance23Since the Sages say, “Repent the day before you die” (Maseches Avos 2:10), and every day may be our last, we petition God daily for Divine guidance in repenting. before You Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who desires penitence.24Repentance in Judaism implies regret for past misconduct and firm resolve for correct conduct in the future. God holds out His hand to the erring sinner and leads him back to righteousness, as the Talmud (Maseches Yoma 38b) declares, הבא ליטהר מסיעין אותו. God desires penitence as it is written, “I do not desire the death of the wicked: but (rather) that the wicked return from his way and live” (Ezekiel 33:11)." ], "Forgiveness": [ "Pardon25Sin can only be pardoned after repentance. Hence, the order of these two petitions. Even if a person was the worst of sinners, his supplication (after repentance) makes him fit to receive Divine mercy and helps him attain it—R’ Yosef Albo us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed;26Error, חטא, is the result of carelessness, ignorance, or weakness; sin, פשע, is a deliberate disregard of moral or religious duty. for You forgive and pardon. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.27“Let the wicked forsake his way, and the man of iniquity, his thoughts. Let him return to Adonoy and He will have mercy upon him; and to our God for He abundantly pardons” (Isaiah 55:7)." ], "Redemption": [ "Look upon our affliction, and defend our cause: and redeem us speedily28As an outgrowth of our penitence and our forgiveness we pray that we may be deemed worthy of Divine redemption.—Kuzari for the sake of Your Name; because You are a Mighty Redeemer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Redeemer of Israel.", "(On Fast Days, the Chazzan says “Answer us” and concludes, “Blessed are ... Who responds at times of trouble.”)" ], "Healing": [ "Heal us,29After the petitions for our spiritual needs, we pray for earthly blessings—for health of body and soul, and for food to maintain our strength.—Kuzari Adonoy, and we will be healed, deliver us and we will be delivered; for You are our praise. Grant a complete healing to all our affliction", "If you wish to pray for the recovery of a sick person, you may do so here.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our fathers, that You send, quickly, a complete recovery from the heavens, healing for the soul, and healing for the body, for the ailing (name) son/daughter of (mother’s name) among the ailing of Israel.", "because You are the Almighty, King, Who is a faithful and merciful Healer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Healer of the sick of His people Israel." ], "Prosperity": [ "Bless for us, Adonoy our God, this year and all the varieties of its produce for good; and bestow", "From the first say of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line. ", "blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line. ", "dew and rain for a blessing*", "upon the face of the earth; satisfy us from Your bounty30According to the Gaon of Vilna, the petition here reads מטובה, “Satisfy us from its bounty”, referring to the bounty of Eretz Yisroel. and bless our year, like the good years. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Blesser of the years.", "* If you forgot to say this and became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you may say it at that time and conclude the blessing. If you became aware of your omission after saying the blessing, continue the prayers, and before concluding the 16th blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, “Who heeds prayer,” say: וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר לִבְרָכָה כִּי אַתָּה וגו’ “bestow dew and rain for blessing, for you heed etc.”. If you reminded yourself after concluding the blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, but before you started רְצֵה, “be pleased,” you may say: “bestow dew and rain,” וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר and then continue with רְצֵה . If you remembered after that you must go back and say the 9th blessing, בָּרֵךְ עָלֵינוּ, and continue from there. But if you became aware of your omission after concluding the entire Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards] you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei." ], "Gathering the Exiles": [ "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,31The following six benedictions, beginning with this one, are prayers for the restoration of the spiritual-national life of the Jewish People. This tenth benediction is an impassioned prayer for the fulfillment of the prophecy, “And it will come to pass on that day, the great Shofar will be sounded; and those who were lost in the land of Assyria shall come and those who were dispersed in the land of Egypt; and they will worship Adonoy on the Holy Mountain at Jerusalem (Isaiah 27:13).—Avudraham and raise a banner to gather our exiles, and gather us together from the four corners of the earth. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gatherer of the dispersed of His people Israel." ], "Justice": [ "Restore our judges32We pray for the restoration of God’s reign of justice, as the prophet said, “And I will restore your judges as in former times, and your advisors as the beginning; afterward you (Jerusalem) will be called the city of righteousness, faithful city” (Isaiah 1:26). This will be manifested with the restoration of the Sanhedrin and their system of halachic justice. as before and our counselors as at first. Remove sorrow and sighing from us,33Few evils are the source of deeper grief and suffering than the absence of justice. With the restoration of justice, our sorrow and sighing will change to joy and gladness.—Avudraham and reign over us You, Adonoy, alone with kindness and compassion; and make us righteous with justice,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence: Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, “King, Lover of righteousness and justice,” instead of “the King of Justice” and became aware of your mistake within the time it takes to utter the three word greeting (Sholom Aleichem Rebbe), you should immediately say “the King of Justice.” If you remembered after that interval, you may continue the Shemoneh Esrei since the word “King” was mentioned in the regular blessing." ], "Against Enemies": [ "Let there be no hope for informers 34This petition was added to the original Eighteen Benedictions. It was ordained by Rabban Gamliel and his Bais Din in Yavneh, according to the text of Shmuel HaKattan, its author (Maseches Berachos 28:b). It is directed against the early Christians who informed against Jews to the Roman authorities after the destruction of the Second Temple, causing them to be put to an excruciatingly painful death. and may all wickedness35Not the “wicked,” but “wickedness.” This particular prayer is based on the Talmudic interpretation of the verse, “Let sins be terminated on earth and the wicked will be no more” (Psalms 104:36). instantly perish; may all the enemies of Your people36The internal enemies of the Jews, against whom this prayer was originally directed, disappeared within a short time. be swiftly cut off, and may You quickly uproot, crush, rout and subdue the insolent, speedily in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Crusher of enemies. and Subduer of the insolent." ], "The Righteous": [ "May Your mercy be aroused, Adonoy our God, upon the righteous,37The prayer for the righteous follows the prayer against the wicked, following the same sequence of the Psalmist’s verse, “And all the pride of the wicked, I shall cut down; exalted will be the pride of the righteous” (75:11).—Talmud, Maseches Megillah 17b upon the pious, upon the elders of Your people, Israel, upon the remnant of their scholars, upon the true proselytes and upon us. Grant bountiful reward to all who trust in Your Name in truth;38As King David said, “Those knowing Your Name will trust in You” (Psalms 9:11). These men who perceive God’s ways with undistorted clarity are of the highest caliber. They see God’s hand guiding the world and they know with certainty that He directs all.—Avudraham, Malbim and place our lot among them, and may we never be put to shame,39The worshiper begs to be saved from the inner catastrophe of feeling that his trust in God has been in vain.—Pesher Dovor for we have put our trust in You. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Support and Trust of the righteous." ], "Rebuilding Jerusalem": [ "And return in mercy to Jerusalem,40The “pride of the righteous will be exalted” in the restored city of Jerusalem. Hence in this blessing we plead for the reconstruction of Jerusalem, as it is stated, “Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; may they who love You have peace” (Psalms 122:6)—Maseches Megillah 17b Your city, and dwell therein as You have spoken; and rebuild it soon, in our days, as an everlasting structure, and may You speedily establish the throne of David therein. ", "During Mincha services on the Ninth of Av, the following petition is added here:", "Adonoy, our God, console the mourners of Zion1“Zion” is the spiritual sanctuary, while “Jerusalem” is the Jewish commonwealth which was to flourish around Zion.—S.R. Hirsch and the mourners of Jerusalem and the city that is in mourning and in ruins, despised and desolate. Mourning because she is bereft of her children, ruined of her dwellings, despised in contrast to her former glory, desolate without inhabitants, she sits alone with her head covered like a barren woman who never gave birth. Legions2The Roman forces were called “legions.” have devoured her, idolaters have deprived her of her inheritance; they have put Your people Israel to the sword and have wantonly murdered the pious ones of the Most High. Therefore, Zion weeps bitterly, and Jerusalem raises her voice, “My heart, my heart [grieves] for their slain, my innards, my innards, [ache] for their slain. For you, Adonoy, set her afire, and with fire You will ultimately rebuild her, as it is said, “I will be to her, says Adonoy, a wall of fire around [her], and I shall be for glory in her midst.”3Zecharyah 2:9. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Consoler of Zion and Builder of Jerusalem.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem." ], "Kingdom of David": [ "Speedily cause the sprout of David,41The prayer for the Messiah, descendant of David, follows the prayer for Jerusalem, following the sequence of Hosea’s prophecy (3:5), “Afterward, the Children of Israel will return to Jerusalem and seek Adonoy their God, and David their King “—Masechcas Megillah 18a Your servant, to flourish and exalt his power with Your deliverance. We hope all day for Your deliverance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who causes the power of salvation to sprout." ], "Response to Prayer": [ "Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;42The last of the intermediate benedictions petitions God to answer all our preceding prayers. spare us and have compassion on us, and accept our prayers compassionately and willingly, for You are Almighty Who hears prayers and supplications; and do not turn us away empty-handed from Your Presence, our King,43At this point, the worshiper may add any private petition, and ask God’s help for himself, for his household, or for his community. for You hear the prayers of Your people, Israel, with compassion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who hears prayers.", "On Fast days during Mincha, the following petition is added here:", "Answer us, Adonoy, answer us on the day of our fasting, for we are in great trouble. Do not regard our wickedness, do not conceal Your countenance from us, and do not be unmindful of our supplication. Please be near to our cry, let Your loving kindness console us. Even before we call unto You, answer us, as it is said: “And it shall come to pass that before they call I will answer;8Isaiah 65:24. while they are yet speaking, I will hear. For You, Adonoy, are the One Who answers in time of trouble, Who redeems and rescues in all times of trouble and distress.", "for You hear the prayers of Your people, Israel, with compassion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who hears prayers." ], "Temple Service": [ "Be pleased,44The three concluding benedictions are known as the benedictions of thanksgiving. They consist of prayers for the re-establishment of God’s service at Jerusalem; thanksgiving for God’s daily wonders in our behalf; and a prayer for peace and prosperity. Adonoy, our God, with Your people, Israel, and their prayer;45In the previous blessings the first person was used: “Heal us,” “Have mercy on us,” whereas here the third person is used: “Their prayer,” “Accept their prayer.” In order to achieve a level in which we will be a source of pleasure to God, we must possess greater merit than what we as individuals can claim. We therefore ask God to take pleasure in the entire people of Israel among whom there are pious and righteous individuals who possess great merit, and we ask Him to accept “their prayer” with love and satisfaction.—Siach Yitzchok and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings46The prayer “Be pleased” in a different form was recited by the Kohanim (priests) every day following the morning fire-offering.—Maseches Berachos 11b of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, “And may our eyes”. On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added: ", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for life and peace on this day of the: Rosh Chodesh/Festival of Matzos/Festival of Sukkos. Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for our eyes are directed to You, because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say this at Shacharis, (the Morning Service) or at Mincha (the Afternoon Service), but realized your omission before saying מוֹדִים, “We are thankful,” you should say it at that time and continue with מוֹדִים. If you became aware of your omission after saying “מוֹדִים” “We are thankful,” but before concluding the Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards], start again from רְצֵה, “Be pleased.” If you had completed the Shemoneh Esrei and then remembered, you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you are in doubt, follow the same procedure as above. If you had already said the Musaf prayer and recalled your omission, it is the opinion of some authorities, that the Shemoneh Esrei of Shacharis be repeated as a נְדָבָה, a free-will-offering of prayer, rather than an obligatory prayer.", "And may our eyes behold47We pray for the privilege of witnessing the visible revelation of the Divine Presence as it appeared to the prophets, to the pious, and to all who were delivered from Egypt.—Kuzari Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion." ], "Thanksgiving": [ "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You48Here you should bow in gratitude, as if standing before the Divine Presence, and say, “We are thankful to You.” The Jews always bowed when they perceived the Divine Presence..—Kuzari that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock of our lives, You are the Shield of our deliverance in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand, and for our souls which are entrusted to You,49Here we thank God for returning our souls each morning, after having “entrusted” them to Him all night.—Eitz Yosef and for Your miracles of every day with us, and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon.50This phrase concludes the earlier declaration, “We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise ... evening, morning, and noon .”—Iyun Tefillalh (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; we have always placed our hope in You.", "(When the Chazzan repeats the Shemoneh Esrei and says, “Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion”, the congregation responds by saying “Amein” and then the following prayer.51This prayer was ordained by Rav and his colleagues. It is an abstract of several prayers recited by various Rabbis [=Rabanan], and for this reason it is called Modim D’Rabanan.)", "We are thankful to You, that You Adonoy are our God, and God of our fathers, God of all flesh, Our Creator, Creator of the Beginning. Blessings and thanksgivings to Your great and holy Name for keeping us alive, and sustaining us; so may You always keep us alive and sustain us, and gather our exiles to the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary to observe Your statutes, and to do Your will, and to serve You wholeheartedly, for we are thankful to You. Blessed is the Almighty to Whom all thanks are due.", "(On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, “וְעַל כֻּלָּם, and for all the foregoing.”)", "[We thank You] for the miracles, for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah: In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah52This refers to rationally conceived laws. S.R. Hirsch comments: The Greeks knew that the key to the Jewish religion is the Torah. If Torah were forgotten, the decline of ritual observance would be inevitable and rapid. Thus, they concentrated first on causing Torah to be forgotten, knowing that the deterioration of religious observance would swiftly follow. and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim: In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth53The usual procedure of those times was that all the wealth of executed people reverted to the monarch. In contrast to the norm, Haman decreed that Jewish possessions would be free for all to enjoy. He did this to provide added incentive to the populace who might have hesitated to kill Jews if they had nothing to gain.— And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows. And You made a miracle and a wonder for them, and we are thankful to Your great name forever. ", "And for all the foregoing may Your Name, our King, constantly be blessed and extolled, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add: Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forget to say this, you need not go back and repeat it. If you became aware of the omission before concluding the blessing, you can say it at that time.", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise Your Name with sincerity — the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy; Your Name is The Beneficent and You it is fitting to praise." ], "Birkat Kohanim": [ "Birkas Kohanim is said by the Chazzan on public fast-days:", "To be said by the Chazzan", "Our God, and God of our fathers, bless us with the threefold blessing of the Torah, written by the hand of Moses, Your servant, pronounced from the mouth of Aaron and his sons, the kohanim, Your holy people; as it is said: Adonoy bless you and guard you. Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto you. Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace.55Rashi paraphrases this blessing with the words יכבש כעסו, “May He withhold His anger.”" ], "Peace": [ "Bestow abundant peace upon Israel, Your people, forever. For You are King, the Master of all peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace.", "Grant peace,56Since the Birkat Kohanim concludes with a blessing for peace, this concluding blessing is a restatement of the last benediction in the form of a congregational prayer.—Pesher Dovor goodness, and blessing, favor, kindness and compassion upon us and upon all Israel, Your people. Bless us, our Father, all of us as one with the light of Your countenance. For by the light of Your countenance You gave us Adonoy our God, a Torah of life and the love of kindliness,57One of the most important mitzvos of the “Torah of Life” is the mitzvah of doing kindness. But it is incomplete unless there is a love of kindliness in the heart which precedes the act of kindliness.—Pesher Dovor righteousness, blessing, compassion, life and peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless Your people, Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here: May we be remembered and inscribed before You in the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance; we and all Your people, the House of Israel, for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace." ], "Concluding Passage": [ "May the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be acceptable before You, Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil58This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men—Yaavetz and my lips from speaking deceitfully. May my soul be unresponsive to those who curse me; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments.59May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your holiness. Act for the sake of Your Torah. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me. May the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be acceptable before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years. And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years.", "On days when Tachanun is omitted the chazzan continues with Half Kaddish. When Tachanun is omitted on these days, it is also omitted at the preceding Mincha (afternoon service). Tachanun is also omitted in the presence of a bridegroom, and in the house of a mourner during the week of mourning." ] }, "Post Amidah": { "Vidui and 13 Middot": [], "Avinu Malkenu": [ "During the Ten Days of Penitence, Avinu Malkeinu is recited here during Shacharis—the morning service, and Mincha—the afternoon service. It is also said by some congregations on public Fast Days. The number of petitions in this prayer varies with custom, but in our rite, Avinu Malkeinu consists of 44 petitions. Since many of them are similar to the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei, Avinu Malkeinu is never recited on Shabbos, when the petitions of Shemoneh Esrei are also omitted. This unique and moving prayer is recorded as having been recited by Rabbi Akiva. The Talmud (Maseches Taanis 25b) relates that Rabbi Eliezer once stepped down before the Ark and recited the 24 benedictions for fast days and his prayers were not answered. Rabbi Akiva stepped down after him and exclaimed, “Our Father, our King, we have no king except You. Our Father, our King, for Your sake have mercy on us,” and rain fell.", "Our Father, our King!1The Jewish People are referred to in Scripture as God’s slaves (Leviticus 25:42), and as His children (Deuteronomy 14:1). Thus we say to Him, “If we are Your children, we beseech You as our Father; if we are Your slaves, we implore You as our Master and King Contrary to the view that God, the Father, is so full of love for His children, that He permits the wanton breaking of His commandments to go unpunished, Judaism knows that God the King, must be feared and His laws must be obeyed. There are times when a father is unable to do what he would like for his children because of physical or financial limitations. On the other hand, a king has the power to do anything for his subjects if he should so desire. We cry out to God—You are our Father and You desire to help us—You are our King and You have the power to help us! we have sinned before You.", "Our Father our King! we have no King except You.2Despite our physical banishment and spiritual estrangement—the result of our sins—we still have none other than God to guide our lives and to shape our destiny.", "Our Father, our King! deal with us [kindly] for the sake of Your Name.3See Ezekiel 36.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, say: Our Father, our King! renew for us a good year.", "On public fast-days, say: Our Father, our King! bless us with a good year.", "Our Father, our King! annul all harsh decrees concerning us.", "Our Father, our King! annul the designs of those who hate us.", "Our Father, our King! thwart the plans of our enemies.", "Our Father, Our King! rid us of every oppressor and adversary.", "Our Father, Our King! seal the mouths of our adversaries and accusers.", "Our Father, Our King! remove pestilence, sword, famine, captivity, destruction, [the burden of] iniquity and religious persecution from the members of Your covenant.", "Our Father, Our King! withhold the plague from Your inheritance.", "Our Father, Our King! forgive and pardon all our iniquities.", "Our Father, Our King! blot out and remove our transgressions and sins from before Your eyes.", "Our Father, Our King! erase in Your abundant mercy all records of our liabilities.4Having just asked that our sins be forgiven and that our transgressions be removed from before His eyes, what are we asking for now? Our earlier pleas were for forgiveness of those sins we committed ourselves. But there are sins for which we are held accountable even though we do not commit them ourselves. One possibility is, having watched while others sin, when we may have been able to prevent it. (Chazal say כל ישראל ערבין זה לזה. A guarantor is one who countersigns a debt note, undertaking to pay if the borrower defaults. Thus we ask God to erase all our notes of obligation whether as borrower or guarantor. In all instances, He is the Extender of credit.) Thus we beseech God to erase the records of our guilt in those instances.—Siach Yitzchok", "Our Father, Our King! bring us back in wholehearted5Many repent out of their fear of God. Others repent out of their love for Him. We beseech God to bring us back in “wholehearted” repentance motivated by love, the most perfect form of penitence.—Etz Yosef repentance before You.", "Our Father, Our King! send complete6We beseech God to heal both the spiritually ill as well as the physically ill. We ask, therefore, for a “complete” healing for the sick among us.—Etz Yosef healing to the sick among Your people.", "Our Father, Our King! tear up the evil [parts] of our sentence.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us favorably before You.", "The following five prayers are said during the Ten Days of Penitence.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of the Good Life.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Redemption and Deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Maintenance and Sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Merits.", "Our Father, Our King! inscribe us in the Book of Pardon and Forgiveness.", "The following five prayers are said on public fast-days.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for a good life.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for redemption and deliverance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for maintenance and sustenance.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for merit.", "Our Father, Our King! remember us for pardon and forgiveness.", "Our Father, Our King! cause deliverance to spring forth for us soon.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your people Israel.", "Our Father, Our King! raise up the might of Your anointed.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our hands with Your blessings.", "Our Father, Our King! fill our storehouses with abundance.", "Our Father, Our King! hear our voice, spare us and have compassion upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! accept our prayer with compassion and favor.", "Our Father, Our King! open the gates of heaven to our prayer.", "Our Father, Our King! remember, that we are dust.", "Our Father, Our King! Please do not turn us away empty-handed from You.", "Our Father, Our King! let this hour be an hour of compassion and a time of favor before You.", "Our Father, Our King! have compassion upon us, and upon our children and infants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slain for Your holy Name.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who were slaughtered for [proclaiming] Your Unity.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of those who went through fire and water for the sanctification of Your Name.", "Our Father, Our King! avenge before our eyes the spilled blood of Your servants.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake if not for ours.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for Your sake and deliver us.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great mercy.", "Our Father, Our King! do it for the sake of Your great, mighty, and awesome Name which is proclaimed upon us.", "Our Father, Our King! favor us and answer us for we have no accomplishments; deal with us charitably and kindly with us and deliver us." ], "Tachanun": { "Nefilat Appayim": [ "David said to Gad, “I am in great distress. Let us fall into the hands of Adonoy, for His compassion is great; and let me not fall into the hands of men.”", "Merciful and Gracious One, I have sinned before You; Adonoy, full of mercy, have compassion upon me and accept my supplications: Adonoy, do not punish me in anger, do not chastise me in fury. Have mercy on me, Adonoy, for I languish; heal me, Adonoy, for my bones shake with terror. My whole being is stricken with terror, while You, Adonoy —O, how long! Adonoy, turn! Rescue me! Deliver me as befits Your faithfulness. For there is no praise of You among the dead; in Sheol, who can acclaim You? I am weary with groaning; every night I drench my bed, I melt my couch in tears. My eyes are wasted by vexation, worn out because of all my foes. Away from me, all you evildoers, for Adonoy heeds the sound of my weeping. Adonoy heeds my plea, Adonoy accepts my prayer. All my enemies will be frustrated and stricken with terror; they will turn back in an instant, frustrated." ], "Shomer Yisrael": [ "Guardian of Israel, guard the remnant of Israel, and let not Israel perish, who say, “Hear Israel.”", "Guardian of the unique nation, guard the remnant of the unique people, and let not the unique nation perish, who proclaim the Oneness of Your Name, [saying:] Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "Guardian of the holy nation, guard the remnant of the holy people and let not the holy nation perish who repeat the threefold sanctification to the Holy One.", "You Who are appeased by pleas for mercy, and conciliated by supplications, be appeased and conciliated to an afflicted generation, for there is none else to help. Our Father, our King! be gracious to us and answer us for we have no [good] deeds, deal with us charitably and kindly and deliver us.", "As for us, we know not what to do; but our eyes are upon You.34II Chronicles 20:12. With this sentence. King Yehoshafat, concluded his prayer for Divine aid in his struggle against the hostile nations that were united against him. His prayer was answered. Each Jew in every generation must realize that he too has only one refuge for all time to come—God—to Whom we turn our eyes with trusting hope—S.R. Hirsch Remember Your mercies, Adonoy, and kindnesses for they are from the beginning of the world.35Psalms 25:26. Adonoy! may Your kindness be upon us, as we have waited for You.36Psalms 33:22. Remember not the sins of our ancestors;37Others translate, “Remember not our [own] former iniquities.” let Your mercy come swiftly toward us,38Psalms 79:8. for we have been brought very low. Be gracious to us, Adonoy, be gracious to us for we are saturated with humiliation.39Psalms 123:3. [Even] in anger remember to have compassion.40Habakkuk 3:2. For He knows of what we are made; He is mindful that we are but dust.41Psalms 103:14. Help us, God of our deliverance, for the sake of the glory of Your Name; save us and atone our sins,42May we repent so that our sins will be atoned. for the sake of Your Name.43Psalms 79:9." ] }, "Kaddish Shalem": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen." ] }, "Concluding Prayers": { "Alenu": [ "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.1Deuteronomy 4:39.", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai.2See page 00, note 00. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: Adonoy will reign forever and ever.3Exodus 15:18. And it is said: And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.4Zecharyah 14:9." ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ] } }, "Maariv": { "Vehu Rachum": [ "Unlike the morning Shacharis and afternoon Mincha services which correspond to the two daily communal sacrifices (Tamid), offered in the Temple, one in the morning and one in the afternoon, the evening Maariv service has no counterpart in the Temple service, since sacrifices were never brought at night in the Temple. The Maariv service was instituted to correspond to the Temple ritual of keeping on the altar the unconsumed parts of sacrifices that had been offered earlier in the day. These parts were kept on the altar at night so that they could be completely consumed by its fire. This ritual was applicable only if there actually were uncon- sumed parts of offerings. Although the Maariv service was instituted to correspond to this ritual, and may therefore seem to be non-obligatory (see Maseches Berachos 27b), Rabbeinu Yitzchak Alfasi and all the other codifiers have ruled that Maariv has been accepted and hallowed by custom, and is therefore an obligatory service. The Shema is preceded by two blessings and followed by two other blessings.", "And He, the Merciful One, atones iniquity; and does not destroy. He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.1Psalms 78:38. This verse consists of thirteen Hebrew words. It recalls the “thirteen attributes of Divine mercy” (Exodus 34:67). In the evening when man pauses from the rush of his daily activities, he is conscious of having sinned during the day, and thus begins his prayer with this appeal for Divine mercy.—Machzor Vitry
Midrash Tanchuma (Pinchos 13) notes that the morning sacrifice (תמיד של שחר) atoned for sins committed during the night, while the afternoon sacrifice (תמיד של בין הערבים) atoned for sins committed during the day. Since the evening service does not represent Temple sacrifice, it became customary to recite this verse because it mentions that God “atones iniquity.”—Avudraham
Adonoy, deliver [us!] The King will answer us on the day we call.2Psalms 20:10." ], "Barchu": [ "The Chazzan says:", "Bless Adonoy Who is blessed.", "The congregation responds and the Chazzan repeats:", "Blessed is Adonoy, Who is blessed forever and ever." ], "Blessings of the Shema": { "First Blessing before Shema": [ "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, With His word He brings on evenings, with wisdom He opens the gates3These are the gates of sunrise and sunset through which God, in His infinite wisdom, has divided life on earth into two complementary halves.—Rabbi S.R. Hirsch (of heaven); and with understanding changes4He alternates the three daily periods—evening, morning, and afternoon.—Avudraham the times and alternates the seasons, and arranges the stars in their watches,5The stars appear as watchmen appointed by God to stand guard over the sleeping world below. He also appointed them their places in definite orbits, according to His will, and for purposes known to Him alone.—S.R. Hirsch in the sky, according to His will. He creates day and night, He rolls the light away from before darkness, and darkness from before light; He causes day to pass and brings night, and separates between day and night; Adonoy of Hosts6His Name, ה’ צבאות, means “He Who takes all the infinite variety of hosts and creatures and unites them to act and interact as parts of one unified Universe.”—S.R. Hirsch is His Name. The Almighty, [Who is] living and enduring will always reign over us forever and ever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who brings on evening." ], "Second Blessing before Shema": [ "[With] An everlasting love7This prayer is an abbreviated form of the אהבה רבה prayer in the morning service. It thanks God for the sacred gift of Divine Revelation that He granted Israel. It declares that Torah alone is the eternal heritage of the Jewish people and that all other goods and gifts of life are transitory.—S.R. Hirsch You loved the House of Israel, Your people. You taught us Torah and commandments, statutes and laws. Therefore, Adonoy, our God, when we lie down and when we rise, we will discuss Your statutes, and rejoice in the words of Your Torah and in Your commandments forever. For they are our life and they lengthen our days, and on them we will meditate day and night. [May] Your love never be removed from us. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who loves His people Israel." ], "Shema": [ "The following three words should be said when praying without a minyan:", "(Almighty, faithful King)", "Hear, Israel: Adonoy is our God, Adonoy is One.", "The following three lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious kingdom is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your possessions. And these words which I command you today, shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply to your children. And you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.", "And it will be— if you vigilantly obey My commandments which I command you this day, to love Adonoy your God, and serve Him with your entire hearts and with your entire souls— that I will give rain for your land in its proper time, the early (autumn) rain and the late (spring) rain; and you will harvest your grain and your wine and your oil. And I will put grass in your fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied. Beware lest your hearts be swayed and you turn astray, and you worship alien gods and bow to them. And Adonoy’s fury will blaze among you, and He will close off the heavens and there will be no rain and the earth will not yield its produce; and you will perish swiftly from the good land which Adonoy gives you. Place these words of Mine upon your hearts and upon your souls,— and bind them for a sign upon your hands, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall teach them to your sons, to speak them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways. In order that your days be prolonged, and the days of your children, upon the land which Adonoy swore to your fathers to give them [for as long] as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them to make for themselves fringes on the corners of their garments throughout their generations; and they will place with the fringes of each corner a thread of blue. And it will be to you for fringes, and you will look upon it and you will remember all the commandments of Adonoy, and you will perform them; and you will not turn aside after your hearts and after your eyes which cause you to go astray. In order that you will remember and perform all My commandments; and you will be holy unto your God. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am Adonoy, your God—", "You must be careful to connect the last words of Shema, ה’ אֱלֹקֵיכֶם (Adonoy, your God), with the word אֶמֶת (is true) without pause or interruption so that these three words form one sentence, meaning “Adonoy your God is true” (Maseches Berachos 13a).", "—is true—", "The chazan repeats:", "Adonoy, your God, is true." ], "First Blessing after Shema": [ "This is the first of the two berachos that follow the Shema.", "—and faithful is all this,1All that we have affirmed in the Shema. is true and trustworthy.—Etz Yosef and it is permanently established with us that he is Adonoy, our God, and there is nothing besides Him, and that we, Israel, are His people. [He] Who liberated us from the hand of kings,2He redeemed us from Pharaoh, and saved us from Sichon and Og in the days of Moses and from the thirty-one kings in the days of Joshua.—Etz Yosef [is] our King, Who redeemed us from the grasp of all the tyrants.3“Tyrants” include Amalek and others who wanted to destroy us.—Etz Yosef [He is] the Almighty Who exacts payment [punishment] from our oppressors,4The Malbim says that “oppressors” (צרינו) refers to those who actively persecute us whereas “enemies” (אויבינו) refers to those who would rejoice over our misfortune without necessarily contributing to our downfall in an outright manner. and brings retribution on all those who are enemies of our soul. He does great things5“Great things” refers to the way God rules according to the laws of nature and “wonders” refers to those things that are classified as miracles.—Siach Yitzchak beyond comprehension, miracles and wonders without number. He sustains our soul in life6Not only does God sustain our souls in exile, but He also sustains our physical well-being.—Siach Yitzchak and does not allow our feet to slip. He makes us tread upon the high places of our enemies, and exalts our strength over all who hate us. He performed miracles for us and vengeance upon Pharaoh, signs and wonders in the land of the Hamites. He slew in His wrath, all the firstborn of Egypt, and brought out His people, Israel, from their midst to everlasting7The redemption from Egypt is the source for all later redemptions; it is the source from which our final and total salvation will spring. We became free, never again to taste the bitterness of spiritual or physical bondage.—Sfas Emes freedom. He led His children through the divided parts of the Sea of Reeds, their pursuers and their enemies He drowned in its depths. And His children saw His mighty power— they praised and gave thanks to His Name, His sovereignty they willingly accepted; Moses and the children of Israel sang unto You with great joy, and they all said:", "“Who is like You among the mighty, Adonoy! Who is like You? [You are] adorned in holiness, awesome in praise, performing wonders”8Exodus 15:11. Your children beheld Your sovereignty when You divided the sea before Moses. “This is my God,”9Exodus 15:2. they exclaimed, and declared,", "“Adonoy will reign forever and ever.”10Exodus 15:18. And it is said, “For Adonoy has liberated Jacob and redeemed him from a hand, mightier than his.”11Jeremiah 31:10. Blessed are You, Adonoy Who has redeemed Israel." ], "Second Blessing after Shema": [ "This is the second of the benedictions that follow the Sh’ma.", "Adonoy our God; make us lie down in peace, our King, raise us again to life12Undisturbed peace, and strength for a new day of vigorous living, are the gifts that night brings and for which we pray to God.—S.R. Hirsch Spread over us the shelter of Your peace, and direct us to better ourselves through Your good counsel;13We particularly ask of Him at night to bless us with wise counsel. Daytime is the time for achievement, but the rest that comes with nightfall is made to allow man to compose his thoughts. By virtue of the complete relaxation It affords, sleep endows the mind and spirit with renewed vigor. We pray therefore for Divine aid so that our nightly rest will help us take wise counsel and affirm worthy resolution for future days.—Avudraham and Siach Yitzchak and deliver us for Your Name’s sake. Shield us, and remove from us14Shield us from trouble before it comes, and remove it from us if it has already come.—Siach Yitzchak enemies, pestilence, sword, famine and sorrow. Remove the adversary15The Hebrew word שטן (Satan) used in the Prayer Book refers to the Evil Impulse, the lower passions which are a hindrance to man’s pursuit of the nobler aims in life. It is against the dominance of this impulse that the Jew prays. The “adversary,” therefore, is any person, spirit, or Evil Impulse that seduces us to do wrong.—Dover Sholom and others from before us and from behind us, and shelter us in the shadow of Your wings. For, Almighty, You are our Protector and Rescuer, For, Almighty You are a gracious and merciful King. Guard our going out and our coming in for life and peace for now forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who guards His people Israel forever." ], "Third Blessing after Shema": [ "The following prayer was originally a compilation of eighteen verses instituted during the Gaonic era as a substitute for the Shemoneh Esrei. According to Avudraham, the Shemoneh Esrei was omitted because of decrees issued against the Jews that banned them from participating in the Evening Service. These eighteen verses, adopted in place of the Shemoneh Esrei, have remained a part of the Maariv service. Some Halachic commentaries maintain that these verses should not be included in Maariv, because they constitute an interruption between the final blessing after Shema and the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Blessed is Adonoy forever, Amein and Amein!16Psalms 89:53. Blessed is Adonoy from Zion Who dwells in Jerusalem, Praise God.17Psalms 135:21. Blessed is Adonoy, God, God of Israel Who alone performs wonders.18Psalms 72:18. Blessed is the Name of His glory forever and may His glory fill the whole earth; Amein and Amein!19Psalms 72:19. The Glory of Adonoy will endure forever; Adonoy will rejoice in His works.20Psalms 104:31. The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.21Psalms 113:2. For Adonoy will not cast off His people, for the sake of His great Name, because Adonoy has determined to make you His people.22I Samuel 12:22. And all the people saw it and they fell on their faces, and proclaimed, “Adonoy, He is God!23I Kings 18:39. This verse describes the reaction of the people when they saw the miracle performed by God on behalf of Elijah on Mount Carmel when he disproved and ridiculed the false prophets of Baal. Adonoy, He is God!” And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.24Zecharyah 14:9. Adonoy, may Your kindness be upon us as we have hoped for You.25Psalms 33:22. Deliver us, Adonoy, our God, gather us from the nations to give thanks to Your Holy Name, to be extolled in Your praise.26I Chronicles 16:35. All the nations which You have made will come and bow down before You, my Master, and they will give honor to Your Name.27Psalms 86:9. For You are great and do wondrous things, You alone are God.28Psalms 86:10. And we, Your people, the sheep of Your pasture, will give thanks to You forever, from generation to generation we will recount Your praise.29Psalms 79:13. Blessed is Adonoy by day, Blessed is Adonoy by night, Blessed is Adonoy when we lie down, Blessed is Adonoy when we rise. For in Your hand are the souls of the living and the dead: [as it is written]: for in His hand is the soul of every living thing, and the spirit of every human being.30Job 12:10. In Your hand, I commit my spirit; You have liberated me Adonoy, Almighty of truth.31Psalms 31:6. Our God in heaven, reveal the unity of Your Name, preserve Your kingdom always and reign over us forever and ever.", "May our eyes behold, our heart rejoice, and our soul exalt in Your true deliverance, when it will be said to Zion: “Your God has begun His reign.” “Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King Adonoy will reign for ever and ever” For the kingdom is Yours and to all eternity, You will reign in glory; for we have no king except You. Blessed are You, the King in His glory, will always reign over us forever and ever, and over all His creation." ], "Half Kaddish": [ "The Chazzan recites the following half-Kaddish", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein." ] }, "Amidah": { "Patriarchs": [ "Fundamentals of Kuzari, (Metsudah Publications, 1979) pages 269, 271, 273.
When reciting
Shemoneh Esrei, you must adhere to these rules:
1. Before beginning the prayer, take three steps backwards and then return to your former position. Upon completing the prayer, take three steps backwards and return.
2. Keep your feet together.
3. Concentrate on the meaning of the words you are uttering. Remove all distracting thoughts and worries from your mind.
4. You may not interrupt
Shemoneh Esrei by talking, not even by answering Amein. If you should hear Kedushah, Kaddish, or Barechu while saying the Shemoneh Esrei, you should remain silent and listen to the Chazzan’s words.
5. At the beginning and end of the first blessing, at the beginning and end of the blessing that begins: “We are thankful to You,” (page 133) and ends with “The Beneficent is Your Name,” (page 140) we half-kneel and bow in the following manner: At the word “Blessed,” bend your knees; at the word “You,” bend forward until the vertebrae of your spinal cord are loosened; at “Adonoy,” return to your upright position in keeping with the verse, “Adonoy straightens the bent” (Psalms 146:8).
6. Each individual recites
Shemoneh Esrei in silence. Only the prayer leader, the Chazzan, ever recites it aloud, and then only after the entire congregation, himself included, has recited it silently.", "My Master, open my lips, and my mouth will declare Your praise.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, God of Abraham, God of Isaac, and God of Jacob, the Almighty, the Great, the Powerful, the Awesome, most high Almighty, Who bestows beneficent kindness, Who possesses everything, Who remembers the piety of the Patriarchs, and Who brings a redeemer to their children’s children, for the sake of His Name, with love.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Remember us for life King, Who desires life; and inscribe us in the Book of Life, for Your sake, Living God.)", "If you forgot to say this, see page 000.", "King, Helper, and Deliverer and Shield. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Shield of Abraham." ], "Divine Might": [ "You are mighty forever, my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead the Powerful One to deliver us.", "From the Musaf of the first day of Pesach until the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres one should say:", "He causes the dew to descend.", "From the Musaf of Shemini Atzeres until the Musaf of the first day of Pesach you should say:", "Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall.10God’s might is as much manifested in causing the rain as it is in reviving the dead. In fact the Talmud (Maseches Taanis 7a) declares in the name of Rabbi Avohu: “The day when rain falls is greater than the day of the resurrection of the dead.” Rabbi Yochanan said, (Ibid, 2a): “There are three ׳keys’ which God retains in His own hands and does not entrust to any emissary: the key to rain, the key to childbirth, and the key to the resurrection of the dead.”", "If you neglected to say this, and became aware of your omission before saying the blessing מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים, “the Resurrector of the dead,” you must say it at that time. If you reminded yourself after saying וְנֶאֱמָן אַתָּה “You are faithful,” you must repeat it and then complete the blessing of מְחַיֵּה הַמֵּתִים. If you became aware of your omission after starting the blessing אַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ “You are holy,” even if you only said the word “You,” say the Shemoneh Esrei from the beginning. If during the first thirty days after Shemini Atzeres you are in doubt whether you said it, you must assume that you didnot say it. After thirty days, however, since you have become accustomed to saying it, you may assume that you recited the proper phrase and you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei.", "Sustainer of the living with kindliness, Resurrector of the dead with great mercy, Supporter of the fallen, and Healer of the sick, and Releaser of the imprisoned, and Fulfiller of His faithfulness to those who sleep in the dust. Who is like You, Master of mighty deeds, and who can be compared to You? King Who causes death and restores life, and causes deliverance to sprout forth.", "(During the Ten Days of Penitence add: Who is like You merciful Father, Who remembers His creatures for life, in His mercy.)", "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning “Remember us for life.”", "And You are faithful to restore the dead to life. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Resurrector of the dead." ], "Holiness of God": [ "If you forgot to say this, the same law applies as above concerning “Remember us for life.”", "You are holy and Your Name is holy and holy beings praise You every day, forever. For You are an Almighty King— great and holy.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, the Almighty, the Holy One.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence: Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King, the Holy One.", "If you mistakenly said, “the Almighty” instead of “the King,” or if you are in doubt—if you realized your error after a lapse of time sufficient to utter a three word greeting (Shalom Aleichem Rebbe), or if you had already started the next blessing, you must say the Shmoneh Esrei from the beginning. If you became aware of your error before that, you should immediately say “the King the Holy One” and continue your prayers." ], "Knowledge": [ "You favor man with perception20The blessing “You favor man with perception” begins the group of thirteen petitions which make up the “intermediate” section of Shemoneh Esrei. The first six petitions (blessings 4-9) are for our individual needs and well-being: understanding, repentance, forgiveness of sins, deliverance from trouble, from illness, and from want. Though these six petitions are of a personal nature, they voice the needs of all mankind. Note that the worshipper prays for his spiritual needs—knowledge, repentance, and forgiveness before he prays for his physical wants. and teach mankind understanding.", "(You have favored us [with the ability] to know Your Torah and taught us to fulfill the statutes of Your will. You made a distinction, Adonoy, our God, between sacred and unhallowed, between light and darkness, between Israel and the peoples, between the seventh day and the six work days. Our Father, our King, commence for us the days that approach us, in peace, devoid of all sin, and cleansed of all iniquity, and devoted to the fear of You.)", "Grant us knowledge, understanding and intellect from You. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Grantor of perception." ], "Repentance": [ "Cause us to return, our Father, to Your Torah and bring us near, our King, to Your service; and bring us back in whole-hearted repentance before You Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who desires penitence." ], "Forgiveness": [ "Pardon25Sin can only be pardoned after repentance. Hence, the order of these two petitions. Even if a person was the worst of sinners, his supplication (after repentance) makes him fit to receive Divine mercy and helps him attain it—R’ Yosef Albo us, our Father, for we have sinned, forgive us, our King, for we have transgressed;26Error, חטא, is the result of carelessness, ignorance, or weakness; sin, פשע, is a deliberate disregard of moral or religious duty. for You forgive and pardon. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gracious One, Who pardons abundantly.27“Let the wicked forsake his way, and the man of iniquity, his thoughts. Let him return to Adonoy and He will have mercy upon him; and to our God for He abundantly pardons” (Isaiah 55:7)." ], "Redemption": [ "Look upon our affliction, and defend our cause: and redeem us speedily28As an outgrowth of our penitence and our forgiveness we pray that we may be deemed worthy of Divine redemption.—Kuzari for the sake of Your Name; because You are a Mighty Redeemer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Redeemer of Israel." ], "Healing": [ "Heal us,29After the petitions for our spiritual needs, we pray for earthly blessings—for health of body and soul, and for food to maintain our strength.—Kuzari Adonoy, and we will be healed, deliver us and we will be delivered; for You are our praise. Grant a complete healing to all our affliction because You are the Almighty, King, Who is a faithful and merciful Healer. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Healer of the sick of His people Israel." ], "Prosperity": [ "Bless for us, Adonoy our God, this year and all the varieties of its produce for good; and bestow", "From the first day of Pesach until the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, we say the following line. blessing", "From the evening service [Maariv] on December 4, or, on a civil leap year, December 5, until the First day of Pesach, we say the following line. dew and rain for a blessing", "upon the face of the earth; satisfy us from Your bounty30According to the Gaon of Vilna, the petition here reads מטובה, “Satisfy us from its bounty”, referring to the bounty of Eretz Yisroel. and bless our year, like the good years. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Blesser of the years.", "* If you forgot to say this and became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you may say it at that time and conclude the blessing. If you became aware of your omission after saying the blessing, continue the prayers, and before concluding the 16th blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, “Who heeds prayer,” say: וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר לִבְרָכָה כִּי אַתָּה וגו’ “bestow dew and rain for blessing, for you heed etc.”. If you reminded yourself after concluding the blessing שׁוֹמֵעַ תְּפִילָּה, but before you started רְצֵה, “be pleased,” you may say: “bestow dew and rain,” וְתֵן טַל וּמָטָר and then continue with רְצֵה . If you remembered after that you must go back and say the 9th blessing, בָּרֵךְ עָלֵינוּ, and continue from there. But if you became aware of your omission after concluding the entire Shemoneh Esrei [and taking three steps backwards] you must repeat the entire Shemoneh Esrei." ], "Gathering the Exiles": [ "Sound the great shofar for our liberty,31The following six benedictions, beginning with this one, are prayers for the restoration of the spiritual-national life of the Jewish People. This tenth benediction is an impassioned prayer for the fulfillment of the prophecy, “And it will come to pass on that day, the great Shofar will be sounded; and those who were lost in the land of Assyria shall come and those who were dispersed in the land of Egypt; and they will worship Adonoy on the Holy Mountain at Jerusalem (Isaiah 27:13).—Avudraham and raise a banner to gather our exiles, and gather us together from the four corners of the earth. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Gatherer of the dispersed of His people Israel." ], "Justice": [ "Restore our judges32We pray for the restoration of God’s reign of justice, as the prophet said, “And I will restore your judges as in former times, and your advisors as the beginning; afterward you (Jerusalem) will be called the city of righteousness, faithful city” (Isaiah 1:26). This will be manifested with the restoration of the Sanhedrin and their system of halachic justice. as before and our counselors as at first. Remove sorrow and sighing from us,33Few evils are the source of deeper grief and suffering than the absence of justice. With the restoration of justice, our sorrow and sighing will change to joy and gladness.—Avudraham and reign over us You, Adonoy, alone with kindness and compassion; and make us righteous with justice,", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, King, Lover of righteousness and justice.", "*During the Ten Days of Penitence: Blessed are You, Adonoy, the King of Justice.", "If you mistakenly said, “King, Lover of righteousness and justice,” instead of “the King of Justice” and became aware of your mistake within the time it takes to utter the three word greeting (Sholom Aleichem Rebbe), you should immediately say “the King of Justice.” If you remembered after that interval, you may continue the Shemoneh Esrei since the word “King” was mentioned in the regular blessing." ], "Against Enemies": [ "Let there be no hope for informers 34This petition was added to the original Eighteen Benedictions. It was ordained by Rabban Gamliel and his Bais Din in Yavneh, according to the text of Shmuel HaKattan, its author (Maseches Berachos 28b). It is directed against the early Christians who informed against Jews to the Roman authorities after the destruction of the Second Temple, causing them to be put to an excruciatingly painful death. and may all wickedness35Not the “wicked,” but “wickedness.” This particular prayer is based on the Talmudic interpretation of the verse, “Let sins be terminated on earth and the wicked will be no more” (Psalms 104:36). instantly perish; may all the enemies of Your people36The internal enemies of the Jews, against whom this prayer was originally directed, disappeared within a short time. be swiftly cut off, and may You quickly uproot, crush, rout and subdue the insolent, speedily in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Crusher of enemies. and Subduer of the insolent." ], "The Righteous": [ "May Your mercy be aroused, Adonoy our God, upon the righteous,37The prayer for the righteous follows the prayer against the wicked, following the same sequence of the Psalmist’s verse, “And all the pride of the wicked, I shall cut down; exalted will be the pride of the righteous” (75:11).—Talmud, Maseches Megillah 17b upon the pious, upon the elders of Your people, Israel, upon the remnant of their scholars, upon the true proselytes and upon us. Grant bountiful reward to all who trust in Your Name in truth;38As King David said, “Those knowing Your Name will trust in You” (Psalms 9:11). These men who perceive God’s ways with undistorted clarity are of the highest caliber. They see God’s hand guiding the world and they know with certainty that He directs all.—Avudraham, Malbim and place our lot among them, and may we never be put to shame,39The worshiper begs to be saved from the inner catastrophe of feeling that his trust in God has been in vain.—Pesher Dovor for we have put our trust in You. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Support and Trust of the righteous." ], "Rebuilding Jerusalem": [ "And return in mercy to Jerusalem,40The “pride of the righteous will be exalted” in the restored city of Jerusalem. Hence in this blessing we plead for the reconstruction of Jerusalem, as it is stated, “Pray for the peace of Jerusalem; may they who love You have peace” (Psalms 122:6)—Maseches Megillah 17b Your city, and dwell therein as You have spoken; and rebuild it soon, in our days, as an everlasting structure, and may You speedily establish the throne of David therein. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem." ], "Kingdom of David": [ "Speedily cause the sprout of David,41The prayer for the Messiah, descendant of David, follows the prayer for Jerusalem, following the sequence of Hosea’s prophecy (3:5), “Afterward, the Children of Israel will return to Jerusalem and seek Adonoy their God, and David their King “—Masechcas Megillah 18a Your servant, to flourish and exalt his power with Your deliverance. We hope all day for Your deliverance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who causes the power of salvation to sprout." ], "Response to Prayer": [ "Hear our voice, Adonoy, our God;42The last of the intermediate benedictions petitions God to answer all our preceding prayers. spare us and have compassion on us, and accept our prayers compassionately and willingly, for You are Almighty Who hears prayers and supplications; and do not turn us away empty-handed from Your Presence, our King,43At this point, the worshiper may add any private petition, and ask God’s help for himself, for his household, or for his community. for You hear the prayers of Your people, Israel, with compassion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who hears prayers." ], "Temple Service": [ "Be pleased,44The three concluding benedictions are known as the benedictions of thanksgiving. They consist of prayers for the re-establishment of God’s service at Jerusalem; thanksgiving for God’s daily wonders in our behalf; and a prayer for peace and prosperity. Adonoy, our God, with Your people, Israel, and their prayer;45In the previous blessings the first person was used: “Heal us,” “Have mercy on us,” whereas here the third person is used: “Their prayer,” “Accept their prayer.” In order to achieve a level in which we will be a source of pleasure to God, we must possess greater merit than what we as individuals can claim. We therefore ask God to take pleasure in the entire people of Israel among whom there are pious and righteous individuals who possess great merit, and we ask Him to accept “their prayer” with love and satisfaction.—Siach Yitzchok and restore the service to the Holy of Holies in Your abode, and the fire-offerings46The prayer “Be pleased” in a different form was recited by the Kohanim (priests) every day following the morning fire-offering.—Maseches Berachos 11b of Israel; and accept their prayer, lovingly and willingly. And may You always find pleasure with the service of Your people, Israel.", "On regular weekdays continue, “And may our eyes”. On Rosh Chodesh and on Chol HaMoed, the following prayer is added: ", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for life and peace on this day of the: Rosh Chodesh/Festival of Matzos/Festival of Sukkos. Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for our eyes are directed to You, because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "And may our eyes behold Your merciful return to Zion. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who returns His Divine Presence to Zion." ], "Thanksgiving": [ "At the words, We are thankful, bend forward; at Adonoy return to an upright position.", "We are thankful to You48Here you should bow in gratitude, as if standing before the Divine Presence, and say, “We are thankful to You.” The Jews always bowed when they perceived the Divine Presence..—Kuzari that You Adonoy are our God and the God of our fathers forever; Rock of our lives, You are the Shield of our deliverance in every generation. We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise, for our lives which are committed into Your hand, and for our souls which are entrusted to You,49Here we thank God for returning our souls each morning, after having “entrusted” them to Him all night.—Eitz Yosef and for Your miracles of every day with us, and for Your wonders and benefactions at all times— evening, morning and noon.50This phrase concludes the earlier declaration, “We will give thanks to You and recount Your praise ... evening, morning, and noon .”—Iyun Tefillalh (You are) The Beneficent One— for Your compassion is never withheld; And (You are) the Merciful One— for Your kindliness never ceases; we have always placed our hope in You.", "(On Chanukah and Purim the following prayer is added. If you omitted it, you need not repeat the Shemoneh Esrei. If, however, you became aware of your omission before concluding the blessing, you should say it at that time, and conclude by saying, “וְעַל כֻּלָּם, and for all the foregoing.”)", "[We thank You] for the miracles, for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah: In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim: In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth53The usual procedure of those times was that all the wealth of executed people reverted to the monarch. In contrast to the norm, Haman decreed that Jewish possessions would be free for all to enjoy. He did this to provide added incentive to the populace who might have hesitated to kill Jews if they had nothing to gain.— And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows. And You made a miracle and a wonder for them, and we are thankful to Your great name forever. ", "And for all the foregoing may Your Name, our King, constantly be blessed and extolled, forever and ever.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence, add: Inscribe for a good life all the children of Your covenant.", "If you forget to say this, you need not go back and repeat it. If you became aware of the omission before concluding the blessing, you can say it at that time.", "And all the living shall thank You forever and praise Your Name with sincerity — the Almighty, Who is our deliverance and our help forever. Blessed are You, Adonoy; Your Name is The Beneficent and You it is fitting to praise." ], "Peace": [ "Bestow abundant peace upon Israel, Your people, forever. For You are King, the Master of all peace. And may it be good in Your sight to bless us and to bless Your people Israel, at all times and at every moment with Your peace.", "During the Ten Days of Penitence continue here: May we be remembered and inscribed before You in the book of life, blessing, peace and abundant maintenance; we and all Your people, the House of Israel, for a good life and peace.", "If you forget to say this you need not go back and repeat it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who blesses His people Israel with peace." ], "Concluding Passage": [ "May the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be acceptable before You, Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "My God, guard my tongue from evil58This prayer was the personal meditation of Mar the son of Ravina, which he recited after he completed his prayers (Maseches Berachos 17a), and it is therefore expressed in the singular. The Jew prays that his mouth, his tongue, and his lips, which have just served as the instruments for his communion with God, will not forfeit any of their moral purity in his dealings with his fellow men—Yaavetz and my lips from speaking deceitfully. May my soul be unresponsive to those who curse me; and let my soul be like dust to all. Open my heart to Your Torah and let my soul pursue Your commandments.59May I have an open, receptive and understanding mind and spirit in the study of Torah. When it comes to mitzvos, let my soul know no indifference, indolence, or passivity. Let me demonstrate zealous and vigorous endeavor in all things pertaining to Your mitzvos.—Etz Yosef; S.R. Hirsch And all who plan evil against me, quickly annul their counsel and frustrate their intention. Act for the sake of Your right hand. Act for the sake of Your holiness. Act for the sake of Your Torah. In order that Your loved ones be released, deliver [with] Your right hand and answer me. May the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be acceptable before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace upon us and upon all Israel and say Amein.", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and the God of our Fathers that the Holy Temple be rebuilt speedily in our days, and grant us our share in Your Torah. And there we will serve You reverently as in the days of old, and in earlier years. And let Adonoy be pleased with the offerings of Judah and Jerusalem as in the days of old and in earlier years." ] }, "Kaddish Shalem": [ "On weekday nights, the Chazzan continues with Whole-Kaddish. On Saturday night, the Chazzan says Half-Kaddish, and the Congregation continues with וִיהִי נֹֽעַם and וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ below. If a Festival occurs on a weekday of the new week, the Chazzan instead says Whole-Kaddish and וִיהִי נֹֽעַם/וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ are omitted. On PURIM, the Megillah is read here, followed by (וִיהִי נֹֽעַם and) וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ below. On TISHA B’AV, Eichah and Kinos are said, followed by וְאַתָּה קָדוֹשׁ.", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be acceptance of the prayers and supplications of the entire House of Israel before their Father in heaven. And say, Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amen." ], "Additions for Motza'ei Shabbat": { "Viyehi Noam": [ "May the pleasantness of my Master our God be upon us, and the work of our hands established for us, and the work of our hands—establish it.", "He who dwells in the shelter of the Supreme One, under the protection of Shadai he will abide. I say of Adonoy, [He is] my refuge and my stronghold, my God in Whom I trust. For He will save you from the snare-trap, from destructive pestilence. With His wings He will cover you and beneath His wings, you will find refuge; His truth is a shield, a full shield. You will not fear the terror of night, nor the arrow that flies by day. The pestilence that prowls in darkness, nor the deadly plague that ravages at noon. A thousand will fall at your [left] side, and ten thousand at your [right] side but it shall not come near you. Only with your eyes will you behold and see the punishment of the wicked. For you [have proclaimed]: “Adonoy is my refuge,” the Supreme One you have made your dwelling. No evil shall befall you, and no plague shall come near your tent. For His angels He will command on your behalf— to guard you in all your ways. They will carry you upon their hands, lest you hurt your foot on a rock. You will tread upon lion and snake, you will trample young lion and serpent. Because he clings to Me with desire, I will save him; I will strengthen him, for he knows My Name. When he calls upon Me, I will answer him; I am with him in distress, I will free him and honor him. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance.", "And You, Holy One, are enthroned upon the praises of Israel.4God waits to hear the praises of Israel before He listens to the praises of the angels.—Etz Yosef God waits until the very last congregation of Jews has completed its prayers and then accepts the prayers of all Israel at one time.—Avudraham And [the angels] call one to another and say: Holy, holy, holy is Adonoy of Hosts:5According to the Targum interpretation, the thrice “holy” in the Kedushah does not indicate three ascending degrees of sanctification. Instead, it implies a declaration that He Who is holy in the loftiest regions of His heavenly abode is holy not only there but also on earth, the creation of His Almighty power; and that He was not only holy in the past, but that He is holy even now and will be holy throughout all the ages.—S.R. Hirsch the fullness of all the earth is His glory.”6Isaiah 6:3", "And they receive [sanction] one from another, and say, Holy in the highest heights of heaven, the abode of His Divine Presence; holy upon earth, the work of His mighty power; holy forever and to all eternity— is Adonoy of hosts; the whole earth is filled with the radiance of His glory.", "And a wind lifted me; and I heard behind me the sound of a great rushing; Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from His place.7Ezekiel 3:12. 8See note 00 on Page 00.", "And a wind lifted me and I heard behind me a sound of a great rushing of those who uttered praises and said, ‘Blessed is the glory of Adonoy from the place, the abode of His Divine Presence.", "Adonoy will reign forever and ever.9Exodus 15:18.", "Adonoy, His kingdom is established forever and to all eternity.", "Adonoy, God of Abraham, Isaac, and Israel, our fathers, keep this forever as the intention of the hearts of Your people, and direct their hearts to You.10I Chronicles 29:18. 11May our recitation of the Kedushah inspire our thoughts and direct our hearts to serve You.—Avudraham And He, the merciful One, atones iniquity and does not destroy; He frequently withdraws His anger and does not arouse all His rage.12Psalms 78:38. For You, my Master, are good and forgiving, and abounding in kindness to all who call upon You.13Psalms 86:5. Your righteousness is everlasting and Your Torah is truth.14Psalms 119:142. You will grant truth to Jacob, kindliness to Abraham,15The patriarchs symbolize the three pillars of the universe—Torah, avodah,— the Temple service and gemilas chasadim—kindliness. Jacob epitomized Torah, which is the ultimate truth; Isaac personified Divine service in his readiness to be offered as a sacrifice to God; and Abraham exemplified the ideal and practice of kindliness throughout his life. We thus pray to be granted a share in the Divine truth of Torah in Jacob’s merit, and to receive God’s kindliness in Abraham’s merit. as You have sworn to our fathers from the days of old.16Micah 7:20. Blessed is my Master day by day; He loads us [with blessings],17Etz Yosef interprets the verse in this manner: “Blessed is Adonoy who loads us each day with His blessings and goodness.” the Almighty Who is our deliverance, forever.18Psalms 68:20. Adonoy of Hosts is with us a stronghold for us is the God of Jacob, Selah.19Psalms 46:8. Adonoy of Hosts, fortunate is the man who trusts in You.20Psalms 84:13. Adonoy, deliver [us]; the King will answer us on the day we call.21Psalms 20:10.", "Blessed is He, our God, Who created us for His glory,22This phrase is based on Isaiah 43:7, “Everything that is called by My Name, I have created it for My glory.” and set us apart from those who go astray;23This prayer is based on Joshua 24:2-3, “Your fathers dwelt on the other side of the river—and they served other gods. And I took your father Abraham from the other side of the river.” See Genesis 20:13 as interpreted by Onkelos. and gave us the Torah of truth, and eternal life He implanted within us. May He open our heart to His Torah, and instill in our heart love and awe of Him, to do His will and serve Him with a perfect heart, so that we shall not labor in vain nor bring forth that which causes dismay.24Some women are barren; they cannot bear children at all. Others have children who are unable to live. Similarly, there arc those who study Torah only to criticize and ridicule what they learn, while others learn sincerely but later rebel against its teachings. Those who study to ridicule are comparable to the barren women who are unable to give birth. But those who later rebel are like those who bear children and bury them. We pray to God to instill His love and fear in our hearts so that our learning will bear fruit and have a lasting influence on our lives.—Siddur HaGra", "May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that we keep Your statutes in this world, and [thus] be privileged to live and behold, and to inherit the goodness and blessing of the Messianic days, and in the life of the World to Come. In order that my soul sing to You and not be stilled; Adonoy, my God, forever will I thank You.25Psalms 30:13. Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy,26God alone is the source of his trust; he relies on none other than God. One who puts his trust in God, while also relying upon a great many other factors, which he considers essential supports of his life and happiness, is not truly trusting in God.—S.R. Hirsch so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7. Trust in Adonoy until the end of days, for in God, Adonoy, is the strength of the worlds.28Isaiah 26:4. And they will trust in You— those who know29These are men of the highest caliber who perceive God’s ways with undistorted clarity. They discern God’s hand guiding the world in its constant, miraculous operation and they know with certainty that all is directed by God.—Malbim your Name, for You have never forsaken those who seek You, Adonoy.30Psalms 9:11. Adonoy desired, for the sake of His righteousness, to make the Torah great and to glorify it.31Isaiah 42:21." ], "Veyiten Lekha": [] }, "Sefirat HaOmer": [ "The Omer is counted from the second night of Pesach until the night before Shavuos. The counting of forty-nine days (seven weeks) between the Festival of Pesach and Shavuos (the Feast of Weeks), connects the exodus from Egypt with the festival of the giving of the Torah. Just as one who awaits a most intimate friend on a certain day counts the days in eager anticipation of his arrival, so do we count the days from our liberation till the day we receive the Torah, which is the culmination and fulfillment of our freedom. It is proper to count the Omer at the beginning of the night, usually after the Maariv Service, and the Omer should be counted while standing.", "", "I am prepared and ready to perform the affirmative command to count the Omer, as is written in the Torah: “And you shall count for yourselves, from the day after the day of rest, from the day you bring the omer as the wave-offering, seven complete weeks shall there be; until the day following the seventh week shall you count fifty days; and you shall bring a new meal-offering unto Adonoy.” Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to count the Omer. ", "May the pleasantness of my Master our God be upon us, and the work of our hands established for us, and the work of our hands—establish it.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the universe, Who sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to count the Omer.", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "The Merciful One, may He return for us the service of the Beis Hamikdash in its place speedily in our days, Amein, Selah.", "To Him, Who grants victory:1Psalm 67 is recited because the seven verses which follow the introductory verse contain 49 words corresponding to the seven weeks (49 days) that link Pesach to the giving of the Torah on Shavuos. a psalm with instrumental music, a song. [May] God favor us and bless us, [may He] cause His countenance to shine among us forever; [so] that Your way become known on earth, [and] Your deliverance among all nations. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. Nations will rejoice and sing when You judge the peoples justly, and lead the nations upon the earth forever. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. The earth will have yielded its produce; God, our God, will have blessed us. God will bless us, and they will fear Him— all [men even from] the ends of the earth.", "Please, by the force of Your great right hand, release the bound one.", "Accept the prayer of Your people; strengthen us, purify us, awesome One!", "Please mighty One— those who seek Your unity— preserve them like the apple [of Your eye.]", "Bless them, purify them, have mercy on them; Your benevolent righteousness [may You] always bestow upon them.", "Mighty, Holy One in Your abundant goodness lead Your community.", "Unique One, Exalted, turn to Your people who are mindful of Your holiness.", "Accept our prayer and hear our cry, [You] Who knows hidden thoughts.", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious Kingdom is forever and ever.", "Master of the universe, You commanded us through the hands of Your servant, Moses, to count the Omer in order to purify us from our evil and defilement. As You have written in Your Torah: And you shall count for yourselves, from the day after the day of rest, from the day you bring the omer as the wave-offering, seven complete weeks, shall there be; until the day following the seventh week shall you count fifty days, in order to cleanse the souls of Your people Israel from their impurities. Therefore, may it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, that in the merit of the Omer which I counted today, may any defect I have caused be rectified. May I be purified and sanctified with sublime holiness, and thereby may abundant bounty be bestowed upon all the worlds. May it rectify our being, our spirit and our souls from every baseness and defect, and may it purify us and sanctify us with Your sublime holiness. Amen, Selah." ], "Alenu": [ "It is our obligation to praise the Master of all, to ascribe greatness to the Creator of the [world in the] beginning: that He has not made us like the nations of the lands, and has not positioned us like the families of the earth; that He has not assigned our portion like theirs, nor our lot like that of all their multitudes. For they prostrate themselves to vanity and nothingness, and pray to a god that cannot deliver. But we bow, prostrate ourselves, and offer thanks before the Supreme King of Kings, the Holy One blessed is He, Who spreads the heavens, and establishes the earth, and the seat of His glory is in heaven above, and the abode of His invincible might is in the loftiest heights. He is our God, there is nothing else. Our King is true, all else is insignificant, as it is written in His Torah: And You shall know this day and take into Your heart that Adonoy is God in the heavens above and upon the earth below; there is nothing else.1Deuteronomy 4:39.", "We therefore put our hope in You, Adonoy our God, to soon behold the glory of Your might in banishing idolatry from the earth, and the false gods will be utterly exterminated to perfect the world as the kingdom of Shadai.2See page 00, note 00. And all mankind will invoke Your Name, to turn back to You, all the wicked of the earth. They will realize and know, all the inhabitants of the world, that to You, every knee must bend, every tongue must swear [allegiance to You]. Before You, Adonoy, our God, they will bow and prostrate themselves, and to the glory of Your Name give honor. And they will all accept [upon themselves] the yoke of Your kingdom, and You will reign over them, soon, forever and ever. For the kingdom is Yours, and to all eternity You will reign in glory, as it is written in Your Torah: Adonoy will reign forever and ever.3Exodus 15:18. And it is said: And Adonoy will be King over the whole earth; on that day Adonoy will be One and His Name One.4Zecharyah 14:9." ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "LeDavid": [ "The following psalm (27) is recited at the conclusion of services, morning and evenings, from the first day of Elul, through Shemini Atzeres. Others say only until Hoasha’na Rabbah. The psalm voices our prayer that God will be our light on Rosh Hashana enabling us to repel the darkness of sin through true repentance, and that He will be our salvation on Yom Kippur, through His compassionate atonement of our sins.", "By David: Adonoy is my light and my salvation, whom shall I fear? Adonoy is the strength1Rav S.R. Hirsch translates, “Adonoy is the source of my life’s strength,” thus David declares that God is the fount from which his life derives its power to resist all foes. of my life, of whom shall I be afraid? When evildoers approach me to devour my flesh— my tormentors and my foes they stumble and fall. If an army should encamp against me, my heart would not fear; if war were to rise against me, in this2David says that he trusts in the declaration stated in the opening verse, “Adonoy is my light and my salvation; whom shall I fear?—Rashi, Radak I trust. One thing I request of Adonoy, [only] that shall I seek, that I may dwell3The literal translation of שבתי is “my sitting.” The Talmud states that “no man may ‘sit’ in the courtyard of the Temple except for the kings of the House of David.”—Maseches Sotah 40b in the House of Adonoy all the days of my life, to behold the pleasantness of Adonoy, and to meditate in His Sanctuary. For He will hide me in His Tabernacle4The Vilna Gaon comments that all the commandments pertaining to Succos are implied in this verse and the next. on the day of distress, He will conceal me in the shelter of His Tent, upon a rock He will lift me. And now my head is raised high above my enemies around me;5David declares, “Because I look up to God in every aspect of my existence, I am so exalted that no enemy can harm me.—S.R. Hirsch and I will offer in His Tent, sacrifices accompanied by trumpets of joy; I will sing and chant to Adonoy. Adonoy, hear my voice6This verse alludes to Rosh Hashana and Yom Kippur. “Hear my voice,” refers to Rosh Hashana when we sound the shofar. The word “my voice (sound)” refers to the “voice” of the shofar. “When I call” refers to Yom Kippur, about which Isaiah (55:6) said, “call to Him when He is near.”—Siddur HaGra when I call; be gracious to me and answer me. Of You, my heart has said, Seek My Presence; Your Presence, Adonoy I will seek. Conceal not Your Presence from me, do not turn away Your servant in anger. You have been my help; neither cast me off nor abandon me, God of my deliverance. When my father and mother abandon7Even if I were so depraved that my own mother and father would abandon me to my own devices, God would still gather me up and believe in my ability to mend my ways.—S.R. Hirsch me, Adonoy will gather me up. Adonoy, teach me Your way, and lead me in the path of uprightness, because of my watchers.8I.e., his enemies. David asks for Divine help that he be saved even from the mere semblance of wrongdoing so that his foes should not be able to rejoice over his faults.—S.R. Hirsch Do not deliver me to the will of my tormentors, for false witnesses have risen against me, who breathe violence. Had I not believed9“These false witnesses would have destroyed me had I not believed that I would see the goodness of God in the land of the living.”—Rashi, Radak that I would see the goodness of Adonoy in the land of living.10There are various interpretations of the “Land of the living.” Some hold that it refers to the present world in which we live—Metsudas Tzion; Ramban holds that it refers to the World-to-Come; and Malbim says that it refers to Eretz Yisroel. Hope to Adonoy, be strong and He will give you courage; and hope to Adonoy.", "Exalted and sanctified1These opening words refer to the fulfillment of God’s prophecy, through Ezekiel (38:23) “And I will thus exalt Myself and sanctify Myself; and I will be known in the eyes of the many nations, and they will know that I am Adonoy.”—Levush, Siddur HaGra. One should be very careful to emphasize the letter gimel (ג) when saying the word “Yisgadal (יִתְגַּדַּל),” in order that it not be heard as “Yiskadal (יִתְקַּדַל),” from the word קְדָל which means neck.—Mishnah Berurah 56:2 be His great Name", "in the world which He created according to His will and may He rule His kingdom.2May His sovereignty be revealed. In your lifetime and in your days, and in the lifetime of the entire House of Israel, speedily and in the near future3We pray that the redemption will come speedily and that the process of the redemption itself will not be prolonged.—Siddur HaGra— and say Amein.", "May His great Name be blessed forever and for all eternity.4This phrase, the heart of the Kaddish, is found almost verbatim in Daniel 2:20.", "Blessed and praised, glorified, and exalted and uplifted, honored and elevated and extolled5The ten expressions of praise in the Kaddish refer to the ten utterances by which God created the world. (See Maseches Avos 5:1.) be the Name of the Holy One, blessed is He;", "above (Ten Days of Penitence: far above) all the blessings and hymns,6May God be praised and exalted far beyond all the blessings, hymns and praises that are uttered.—Mishnah Berurah in the name of the Vilna Gaon 56:14. praises and consolations7Consolations are uttered because God is in mourning over the destruction of the Holy Temple and the exile of His people. which we utter in the world—and say Amein.", "May there be abundant peace from heaven and a good life for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein.", "He Who makes peace (Ten Days of Penitence: the peace) in His high heavens may He, in His mercy, make peace for us and for all Israel, —and say Amein." ], "Birkat HaLevana": [ "This prayer is customarily recited in the open air, in clear sight of the moon, seven days after the birth of the new moon.", "Praise God. Praise Adonoy from the sky, praise Him in the heavens! Praise Him all His angels, praise Him all His hosts! Praise Him sun and moon; praise Him all the stars of light. Praise Him skies of skies and the waters that are above the skies. They will praise the Name of Adonoy, for He commanded and they were created. He established them for all time, as long as the world exists. He decreed [it] unalterable.1Psalms 146:1-6.", "There are those who now set the following intention:
Behold I am ready and prepared to fulfill the commandment to sanctify the new moon. For the sake of the unification of the Holy One, blessed be he, and his Presence, through the One that is hidden and concealed, in the name of all Israel!
One should face east (or Jerusalem) with their feet together as during the Amidah prayer. They should look once at the face of the moon before beginning the blessing, and not look at it again.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, Who with His utterance created the heavens, and with the breath of His mouth, all their host. Law and season did He give them, that they not deviate from their set function. They are glad and rejoice to do the will of their Possessor —the Worker of truth Whose work is true. The moon He directed to renew itself— a crown of glory to those who are borne by him from the womb,2See Isaiah 46:3, “Israel which is borne by me from the belly, which is carried by Me from the womb.” who are also destined to be renewed, and to glorify their Creator for the Name of His glorious kingdom. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Renewer of the months.", "Recite three times: Blessed is your Former, blessed is your Maker, blessed is your Possessor, blessed is your Creator.", "Recite three times: Just as I leap toward you but cannot touch you, so may all my enemies be unable to touch me with evil intent.", "Recite three times: Let fall upon them terror and dread at the greatness of Your arm let them be still as stone.", "Recite three times: As a stone, let them be still by [virtue of] Your arm’s greatness; and may dread and terror upon them fall.", "Recite three times: David, King of Israel, lives and endures [forever.]3David’s dynasty is compared to the moon and will be renewed like the moon.—Etz Yosef in the name of Ramah and Levush", "The following greeting is exchanged with three different people: Peace unto you,", "The other responds: Unto you be peace.4This greeting is offered in order to indicate that the curse mentioned earlier [May dread and terror etc.] was not intended for those around us.—Etz Yosef", "Recite three times: A good sign and good fortune let there be for us and for all Israel. Amein.", "The voice of my beloved! Behold—He is coming, leaping over the mountains bounding over the hills. My Beloved is like a hart or a young deer. Behold!—He stands behind our wall, observing through the windows, looking through the lattice.5Song of Songs 2:8,9. These verses were inserted by Rabbi Yehuda HeChassid as an expression of Israel’s confident hope for the speedy coming of the Messiah.", "A song of ascents. I lift my eyes to the mountains— from where will my help come? My help [comes] from Adonoy, Maker of heaven and earth. He will not let your foot slip, He will not slumber—your Guardian. Behold—He does not slumber nor does He sleep—the Guardian of Israel. Adonoy is your guardian, Adonoy is your shelter at your right hand. By day the sun will not smite you, nor the moon at night. Adonoy will guard you from all evil, He will preserve your soul, Adonoy will guard your going and coming from now and forever.6Psalms 121.", "Praise God. Praise the Almighty in His Sanctuary. Praise God in the firmament of His might. Praise Him for His mighty deeds; praise Him according to the abundance of His greatness. Praise Him with the blowing of the shofar; Praise Him with lyre and harp. Praise Him with drum and dance. Praise Him with stringed instuments and flute. Praise Him with resounding cymbals. Praise Him with clanging cymbals. Let every soul praise God. Praise God. Let every soul praise God. Praise God.", "It was taught in the school of Rabbi Yishmael: Even if Israel was privileged only to greet their Father in heaven, once a month, it would be sufficient for them.7Whoever welcomes the new moon by reciting the blessing to God, welcomes the Shechinah, the Divine Presence of God. Abbaye said: “Therefore it must be recited standing.”8Maseches Sanhedrin 42a. Who is this coming up from the wilderness clinging to her beloved?9Song of Songs 8:5. May it be Your will, Adonoy, our God, and God of our fathers, to fill the deficiency of the moon, so that it will no longer be diminished; and may the light of the moon be like the light of the sun, —and like the light of the seven days of creation— as it was before it was diminished, as it is said: “The two great luminaries.”10Genesis 1:16. And may there be fulfilled for us the Scriptural verse which says: “They will seek Adonoy, their God, and David, their king.11Hosea 3:5. Amein.", "To the Chief Musician: a Psalm with instrumental music, a song. [May] God favor us and bless us, [may He] cause His countenance to shine among us selah; [so] that Your way become known on earth, [and] Your deliverance among all nations. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. Nations will rejoice and sing when You judge the peoples justly, and lead the nations upon the earth selah. Peoples will thank You, God, all the peoples will thank You. The earth will have yielded its produce; God, our God, will have blessed us. God will bless us, and they will fear Him— all [men even from] the ends of the earth.", "עלינו is said, see p. 000." ], "Keri'at Shema al Hamita": [ "I hereby forgive anyone who has angered me, or sinned against me, either physically or financially, against my honor or anything that is mine, whether accidentally or intentionally, inadvertently or deliberately, by speech or by deed, by thought or by speculation, in this incarnation or in any other: any Israelite [is forgiven], may no man be punished on my account. May it be Your will, Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers, that I shall sin no more nor repeat my sins, neither shall I again anger You nor do what is wrong in Your eyes. The sins I have committed, erase in your abounding mercies, but not through suffering or severe illnesses. May the words of my mouth and the thoughts of my heart be acceptable before You Adonoy, my Rock and my Redeemer.", "Blessed are You, Adonoy, our God, King of the Universe, Who causes the fetters of sleep to fall upon my eyes, and slumber upon my eyelids. May it be Your will, Adonoy, my God and God of my fathers to make me lie down in peace, and to raise me (again) to peace. Let my thoughts not terrify me— nor evil dreams or evil fancies (disturb me), and may my bed be perfect before You. 1The word “bed” is used here figuratively for one’s future generations. See Rashi to Genesis 47:31; It was said of our forefather Jacob that “his bed was perfect: indicating that all his offspring were pure and steadfast.—Iyun T’filoh And light up my eyes lest I sleep the sleep of death, for You illuminate the pupil of the eye. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Who illuminates the whole world with His glory.", "Almighty, faithful King", "Hear, Israel Adonoy is our God Adonoy is One", "The following three lines are to be said silently:", "Blessed [is His] Name, Whose glorious Kingdom is forever and ever.", "And you shall love Adonoy, your God with all your heart and with all your soul and with all your possessions. And these words which I command you today shall be upon your heart. And you shall teach them sharply to your children, and you shall discuss them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall bind them for a sign upon your hand, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways.", "And it will be— if you vigilantly obey My commandments which I command you this day, to love Adonoy your God, and serve Him with your entire hearts and with your entire souls— that I will give rain for your land in its proper time, the early (autumn) rain and the late (spring) rain; and you will harvest your grain and your wine and your oil. And I will put grass in your fields for your cattle, and you will eat and be satisfied. Beware lest your hearts be swayed and you turn astray, and you worship alien gods and bow to them. And Adonoy’s fury will blaze among you, and He will close off the heavens and there will be no rain and the earth will not yield its produce; and you will perish swiftly from the good land which Adonoy gives you. Place these words of Mine upon your hearts and upon your souls,— and bind them for a sign upon your hands, and they shall be for totafos between your eyes. And you shall teach them to your sons, to speak them when you sit in your house, and when you travel on the road, and when you lie down and when you rise. And you shall write them upon the doorposts of your house and upon your gateways. In order that your days be prolonged, and the days of your children, upon the land which Adonoy swore to your fathers to give them [for as long] as the heavens are above the earth.", "And Adonoy spoke to Moses saying: Speak to the children of Israel, and tell them to make for themselves fringes on the corners of their garments throughout their generations; and they will place with the fringes of each corner a thread of blue. And it will be to you for fringes, and you will look upon it and you will remember all the commandments of Adonoy, and you will perform them; and you will not turn aside after your hearts and after your eyes which cause you to go astray. In order that you will remember and perform all My commandments; and you will be holy unto your God. I am Adonoy, your God, Who brought you out of the land of Egypt to be your God: I am Adonoy, your God—is true—", "May the pleasantness of my Master, our God, be upon us,2In this closing sentence of Psalm 90, Moses prays that the Divine Presence rest on the Jewish nation exclusively. and the work3David prays first that the service Jewry performs in the Sanctuary, the sacrificial offerings, and the general performance of mitzvos be willingly accepted by God. Then he prays that even the work we do for our own needs be acceptable before Gold.—Iyun T’Filoh of our hands be established for us and may the work4The first mention of work refers to the actual endeavors of our hands, whereas the second mention of work refers to what was achieved by our hands.—Iyun Tefilloh of our hands—establish it.", "He who dwells in the shelter of the Supreme One, under the protection of Shadai He will abide. I say of Adonoy, [He is] my refuge and my stronghold, my God in Whom I trust. For He will save you from the snare-trap, from destructive pestilence. With His wings He will cover you and beneath His wings, you will find refuge; His truth is a shield, a full shield. You will not fear the terror of night, nor the arrow that flies by day, the pestilence that prowls in darkness, nor the deadly plague that ravages at noon. A thousand will fall at your [left] side, and ten thousand at your [right] side but it5“It” refers to “arrow,” “pestilence,” and “plague” of the previous verse. shall not come near you. Only with your eyes will you behold and see the punishment of the wicked.6You will only see the destruction but you will not be harmed by it. For you [have proclaimed]: Adonoy is my refuge, the Supreme One you have made your dwelling No evil shall befall you, and no plague shall come near your tent. For His angels He will command on your behalf— to guard you in all your ways. They will carry you upon their hands, lest you hurt your foot on a rock. You will tread upon lion and snake, you will trample young lion and serpent. Because he clings to Me with desire, I will save him; I will strengthen him, for he knows My Name. When he calls upon Me, I will answer him; I am with him in distress, I will free him and honor him. I will satiate him with longevity, and will let him see My deliverance. I will satiate him with longevity and will let him see My deliverance.", "Adonoy, how many are my tormentors;7Psalm 3 was sung by David when, at the age of 65, he had to flee his son Absalom. many rise up against me. Many say of my soul: There is no deliverance for him through God, forever. But You, Adonoy, are a shield for me; my glory and Raiser of my head. With my voice, I call out to Adonoy, and He answers me from His holy mountain, forever. I lay down and slept; I awake for Adonoy supports me. I fear not the tens of thousands of people deployed against me from every side. Rise Adonoy, deliver me, my God, for You have struck all my enemies8David is confident of God’s help, because God has always smitten his enemies.—Radak on the cheek; You have broken the teeth of the wicked. Deliverance is Adonoy’s; upon Your people is Your blessing, selah.", "Adonoy, our God, make us lie down in peace; our King, raise us [again] to life. Spread over us the shelter of Your peace, and direct us to better ourselves through Your good counsel; and deliver us for Your Name’s sake. Shield us, and remove from us enemies, pestilence, sword, famine and sorrow. Remove the adversary from before us and from behind us, and shelter us in the shadow of Your wings. For You are the Almighty Who is our protector and rescuer. For You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful. Guard our going out and our coming in for life and peace from now, forever.", "Blessed is Adonoy by day, Blessed is Adonoy by night. Blessed is Adonoy when we lie down Blessed is Adonoy when we rise. For in Your hand are the souls of the living and the dead, (as it is written): For in His hand is the soul of every living thing and the spirit of every human being. In Your hand, I commit my spirit; You have liberated me, Adonoy, Almighty of truth. Our God in heaven, reveal the unity of Your Name, preserve Your kingdom always, and reign over us forever and ever.", "May our eyes behold, may our heart rejoice and our soul exalt in Your true deliverance, when it will be said to Zion: Your God has begun His reign Adonoy is King, Adonoy was King, Adonoy will reign forever and ever For the Kingdom is Yours and to all eternity, You will reign in glory, for we have no king except You.", "The angel who redeemed me from all evil9These are the words used by Jacob when he blessed Joseph, and his sons Ephraim and Menashe.—Genesis 48:16 May he bless the lads; and may they be called by my name and the names of my fathers, Abraham and Isaac; and may they multiply like fish within the land.", "And He said, “If you will diligently heed the voice of Adonoy, your God, and do what is upright in His eyes, and listen carefully to His commandments, and guard all His statutes— [then] every sickness that I put in Egypt, I will not put upon you, for I am Adonoy, your Healer.10Exodus 15:26", "And Adonoy said to Satan: Adonoy rebukes you, Satan, Adonoy rebukes you, He Who chose Jerusalem; for is this one not a firebrand plucked out of the fire?11Zechariah 3:2", "Behold the bed of Solomon! Sixty mighty men [are set] around it, of the mighty men of Israel. All of them armed with swords, trained in warfare; each man has his sword at his side, because of the dread of the night.12Song of Songs 3:7-8", "Each unit is said three times:", "Adonoy bless you and guard you! Adonoy shine His countenance upon you and be gracious unto You! Adonoy turn His countenance toward you and grant you peace!13Numbers 6:24-26", "Behold, He neither slumbers nor sleeps! the Guardian of Israel.14Psalms 121:4", "For your deliverance, I hope, Adonoy;15Genesis 49:18 I hope, Adonoy, for Your deliverance; Adonoy, for Your deliverance I hope.", "In the Name of Adonoy, God of Israel: at my right [hand] Michael, at my left [hand] Gabriel, before me Uriel, behind me Raphael, and above my head, the Presence of Almighty.", "A song of ascents Fortunate are all who fear Adonoy, who walk in His ways. When you eat of the toil of your hands you are fortunate and it is good with you. Your wife will be like a fruitful vine in the innermost parts of your house; your children like olive plants around your table. Behold! thus shall be blessed the man who fears Adonoy. Adonoy bless you from Zion! and [may you] see the good of Jerusalem all the days of your life! May you [live to] see your children’s children! Peace upon Israel!16Psalms 128", "To be said three times:", "Tremble and do not sin; commune with your hearts upon your bed, and be silent, selah!17Psalms 4:5", "Master of the Universe Who reigned before any creature was created.", "At the time when all was made by His will, then was His Name proclaimed King.", "And after all things shall cease to be the Awesome One will reign alone.", "He was, He is, and He shall be in glory.", "He is One, and there is no second to compare to Him, to associate [with Him].", "Without beginning, without end, power and dominion are His.", "He is my God and my ever-living Redeemer, the Rock of my destiny on the day of distress.", "He is my flag and my refuge; He is the portion of my cup on the day I call.", "Into His hand I entrust my spirit [both] when I sleep and when I awaken.", "And with my spirit my body [too], Adonoy is with me, I shall not fear." ] } }, "Shabbat": { "Kabbalat Shabbat": { "Yedid Nefesh": [ "Beloved of my soul, compassionate Father, draw me, your servant, to your desire.  Would that I could run like a gazelle, and bow before Your beauty, for I find your love sweeter than honey or any delight.", "Beautiful, splendrous light of the world, my soul is sick with love.  God, please heal her by bathing her in your serene light -- then she shall surely be strengthened and healed and be Your servant forever.", "Ancient One, let Your compassion flow.  Have pity on the child whom You love -- for I have yearned so long to see your luminescent power.  My God, my beloved, hurry; please, do not hide!", "Please, my beloved, reveal Yourself.  Spread the sukkah of your love over me.  May the whole world be illuminated with Your glory; then shall we be glad and rejoice with You.  My lover -- come quickly, for the time has come -- have compassion for me as in days of old.\n" ], "Psalm 95": [ "", "Come, let us sing to YHVH, and shout for joy to the Rock of our deliverance. Let us come into YHVH’s presence with thanks; let us shout for joy to YHVH with song. For YHVH is a great god, and a great majesty above all gods. In God’s hands are the depths of the earth, and the peaks of the mountains are God’s. The sea is God’s, for God made it; and God’s hands shaped the dry land. Come, let us bow down and bend the knee; let us kneel before YHVH our maker, For YHVH is our god, and we are the people that God shepherds, the flock of God’s hand. Today, if you would but listen to God’s voice! Harden not your heart, as at Meribah, as on the day of Massah, in the wilderness; When your ancestors tested and tried Me, even though they saw My work. For forty years, I was weary with that generation and said: This is a people confused at heart, that do not know My ways. For that reason, I swore in My anger, that they would never enter My resting place. " ], "Psalm 96": [ " Sing to YHVH a new song; sing to YHVH, all the earth. Sing to YHVH, bless God’s name; proclaim God’s deliverance day after day. Tell of God’s glory among the nations, God’s wonderful acts among all peoples. For YHVH is great and highly praised; awesome is God, above all gods. For all the gods of the peoples are only idols, but YHVH made the heavens. Honor and majesty in God’s presence; strength and beauty in God’s sanctuary. Grant to YHVH, O families of peoples, grant to YHVH glory and strength. Grant to YHVH the glory due God’s name; bring an offering, and come into God’s courts. Bow down to YHVH in the beauty of holiness; tremble in God’s presence, all the earth. Say among the nations: “YHVH reigns.” The earth holds firm and cannot be shaken; God judges the peoples with fairness. Let the heavens be glad and the earth rejoice; let the sea roar, and all within it and all within it. Let the field exult, and all inside it. Then all the trees of the wood will shout for joy before YHVH, who is coming. For God is coming to judge the earth; God will judge the earth with righteousness and the peoples with God’s faithfulness. " ], "Psalm 97": [ "Amikor az Örökkévaló uralkodik majd, ujjong a föld, ünnepel a sok sziget! Felhő és sűrű sötétség veszi Őt körül, jog és igazság trónjának támasza. Tűz lobog előtte, s megemészti ellenségeit körös-körül. Villámai megvilágítják a világot, a föld látni fogja és megremeg. A hegyek elolvadnak, mint a viasz, az Örökkévaló, világ urának tekintete előtt. Az egek hirdetik majd igazságosságát, és a népek látják majd dicsőségét. Szégyenben maradnak majd a bálványok imádói, akik hiábavaló istenekkel dicsekszenek; a hatalmasságok mind térdre hullnak előtte. Cion hallja majd, és vigad; Júda leányai ujjonganak ítéleteid miatt, Örökkévaló. Mert Te vagy, Örökkévaló, a legfelsőbb az egész föld felett, messze fönségesebb minden hatalmasságnál. Akik szeretik az Örökkévalót: gyűlöljétek a rosszat! Őrzi a jámborok lelkét, megmenti őket a gonoszok kezétől. Fény ragyog fel az igaznak, és öröm a becsületes szívűeknek. Örüljetek igazak az Örökkévalóban, és adjatok hálát szent nevének említésekor!" ], "Psalm 98": [ "Zsoltár: Énekeljetek új dalt az Örökkévalónak, mert csodákat művelt, saját jobbja és szent karja segítette. Az Örökkévaló kinyilvánította megváltását, igazságosságát feltárta a népek szeme előtt. Megemlékezett jóságáról és hűségéről Izrael háza iránt; a föld minden határa látta Istenünk megváltását. Ujjongjon az Örökkévalónak a föld minden népe; nyissátok ajkaitokat öröménekre és vigadásra! Zenéljetek az Örökkévalónak hárfával; hárfával és dicsőítés dalával! Trombita és kürt hangjával ujjongjatok a Király, az Örökkévaló előtt! Harsog majd a tenger és ami betölti, a világ és lakói. Folyók tapsolnak majd kezeikkel, a hegyek együtt ujjonganak majd. Az Örökkévaló előtt, mert jön, hogy ítélkezzen a föld felett; igazságosan fog bíráskodni a világ felett, és méltányosan a népek felett." ], "Psalm 99": [ "Amikor az Örökkévaló uralkodik majd, a népek reszketni fognak; a föld megremeg előtte, ki a kerubokon trónol. Az Örökkévaló előtt, aki Cion nagyja, aki fönséges minden nép felett. Dicsőítik majd nagy és félelmetes neved, mert szent az! Hatalmas a Király, aki az igazságosságot szereti. Te tetted le a méltányosság alapját; Te alkottad Jákob jogosságát és igazságosságát. Magasztaljátok az Örökkévalót, Istenünket, hajtsatok térdet zsámolya előtt; szent Ő! Mózes és Áron a papjai közt, és Sámuel azok közt, akik az Ő nevét hívják: hívták az Örökkévalót, és Ő válaszolt nekik. A felhőoszlopból beszélt hozzájuk; engedelmeskedtek tanúságának és minden rendeletnek, amit nekik adott. Örökkévaló, Istenünk, Te feleltél nekik; kegyelmes Isten voltál hozzájuk, büntetője vétkeiknek. Magasztaljátok az Örökkévalót, Istenünket, boruljatok le szent hegyén, mert szent az Örökkévaló, a mi Istenünk." ], "Psalm 29": [ "Dávid zsoltára. Adjátok meg az Örökkévalónak, hatalmasságok gyermekei; adjátok meg az Örökkévalónak a tiszteletet és a hatalmat! Adjátok meg az Örökkévalónak nevéhez illő dicsőséget, boruljatok le az Örökkévaló előtt szentségének helyén! Az Örökkévaló hangja a vizek fölött van, a Dicsőséges Isten mennydörög; az Örökkévaló a hatalmas vizek fölött van. Az Örökkévaló hangja hatalmas, az Örökkévaló hangja fenséges. Az Örökkévaló hangja cédrusokat tör; az Örökkévaló összezúzza Libanon cédrusait. Táncoltatja, mint valami borjút; Libanont és Szirjont, mint fiatal bivalyokat. Az Örökkévaló hangja tűznek lángjával hasít; az Örökkévaló hangja megremegteti a pusztát, az Örökkévaló megremegteti Kádés pusztáját. Az Örökkévaló hangja megrémiszti a szarvasokat, megritkítja az erdőket; míg Szentélyében mindenki azt hirdeti: dicsőség! Az Örökkévaló trónolt az özönvíz felett, az Örökkévaló királyként trónol mindörökké. Az Örökkévaló erőt ad majd népének, az Örökkévaló békével áldja meg majd népét." ], "Ana Bekoach": [ "We beg you! With the strength and greatness of your right arm, untie our bundled sins. Accept your nation's song; elevate and purify us, O Awesome One. Please, O Heroic One, those who foster your Oneness, guard them like the pupil of an eye. Bless them, purify them, pity them. May Your righteousness always reward them. Powerful Holy One, in much goodness guide Your congregation. Unique and Exalted One, turn to Your nation which proclaims Your holiness. Accept our entreaty and hear our screams, O Knower of Mysteries. Blessed is the name of His glorious kingdom, forever and ever." ], "Lekha Dodi": [ "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "\"Observe\" and \"Remember\" in one utterance. The One and Only God allowed us to hear. God is one and His name is one. For renown and for glory and for praise. ", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "Let us go to welcome the Shabbat. For she is the source of blessing. From the very start, from the beginning she was designated. The end of creation and first in thought. ", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "Sanctuary of the King, city of royalty. Rise and go forth from the ruins. Too long have you sat in the valley sorrow. And He will shower you with compassion. ...", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat....", "Shake it all off, rise from the ashes. Wear the garments of the glory of My people. Through the son of Jesse of Bethlehem. Draw close to my soul and redeem it. ", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "Wake up, wake up. For your light has come, rise and illuminate. Arise, arise, speak a song. The honor of God is revealed upon you. ", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "Do not be ashamed nor confounded. Why should you be downtrodden and why should you be shocked? Within you the afflicted of My people will seek refuge. And the city will be rebuilt on its former site. ...", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "And your oppressors will be destroyed. And those who would devour you will be far away. Your God will rejoice over you. Like a bridegroom rejoices over his bride. ", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "Right and left you will proliferate. And you will worship God. Through the man who descends from Peretz. And we shall celebrate and rejoice. ", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat.", "Come in peace, crown of her husband. With both joy and fanfare. Among the faithful, the virtuous people. Come O bride. Come O bride. ", "Come, beloved to greet the bride! Let us receive the Shabbat." ], "Psalm 92": [ "Zsoltár a Sábbát napjára. Jó hálát adni az Örökkévalónak, dícséretet énekelni nevednek, Magasságos, hirdetni reggel jótetteidet, éjszaka meg hűségedet. Tízhúrúval és lanttal, énekkel és hárfával. Mert megörvendeztettél tetteiddel, Örökkévaló; öröméneket zengek kezed munkája láttán. Milyen hatalmasak a tetteid, Örökkévaló; milyen mélyek gondolataid! Az értelmetlen ember nem értheti, a balga nem foghatja fel soha: mikor a bűnösök növekednek, mint a fű, a gonosztevők meg virágzanak – hogy örökre elpusztuljanak. De Te fenséges maradsz mindörökké, Örökkévaló. Lásd, ellenségeid, Örökkévaló, elpusztulnak mind, a gonosztevők mind szertefoszlanak. De büszkeségemet felemeled, mint bivalyt, és átitatsz színtiszta olajjal. Szemeim látták szemfüles ellenségeimet; fülem meghallja a nekem ártókat, mikor felkelnek ellenem. Az igaz ember kivirágzik majd, mint a pálma; magasra nő, mint a libanoni cédrus. Az Örökkévaló házában vannak elültetve, Istenünk csarnokában kivirágzanak. Még öregkorukban is gyümölcsöt teremnek, életerősek és frissek lesznek – hogy hirdessék: az Örökkévaló igazságos, ő az én Sziklám, hamisság nincsen benne." ], "Psalm 93": [ "Amikor az Örökkévaló uralkodik, fenségbe öltözik majd; az Örökkévaló erőbe öltözik, és hatalommal övezi fel magát; még szilárd alapot is vet, nehogy meginogjon a világ. Trónod a régi idők óta áll; Te vagy öröktől fogva. Mint a folyók emelkednek, Örökkévaló, mint a folyók, úgy emelték fel hangjukat; mint a folyók, úgy emelkedett ártalmasságuk. Hatalmasabb a rengeteg víz zúgásánál; hatalmasabb, mint a tenger hullámai – Te mindennél hatalmasabb vagy a magasságokban, Örökkévaló. Bizonyítékaid valóban igazak Szent Házadat illetően; Örökkévaló, legyen úgy hosszú időre!" ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Magasztaltassék és szenteltessék meg az Ő nagy neve (Ámen!) a világban, melyet akarata szerint teremtett. Uralkodjon Ő királyságában életedben, napjaidban, és egész Izrael házának életében és napjaiban, mielőbb és mihamarabb. És mondjátok: Ámen! Legyen az Ő nagy neve áldott örökkön örökké! Áldott, magasztalt, dicsőített, dicsért és hatalmas legyen a neve a Szentnek – áldott Ő, felette minden áldásnak és éneknek, dicsőítésnek és vigasztalásnak, melyet a világban mondanak. És mondjátok: Ámen! Jöjjön nagy mennyei béke és élet ránk és Izrael népére. És mondjátok: Ámen! Aki békét teremt a magasságokban, teremtsen békét számunkra, és egész Izrael számára, és mondjátok: Ámen!" ], "Bameh Madlikin": [ "Mivel gyújthatunk szombati gyertyát és mivel nem? Nem használunk kanócnak cédrust, fésületlen lent, selymet, fűzt, sivatagi selymet vagy hínárt. Nem használunk égő anyagnak viaszt, gyapotolajat, [vallási okból] elégetendő olajat, farzsírt vagy faggyút. Médeai Náchum azt mondja: gyújthatunk főtt faggyúval. De a Bölcsek azt mondják: se főtt, se főzetlen faggyúval.", "Nem használunk [vallási okból] elégetendő olajat ünnepnapon. Rabbi Jismáél azt mondja: nem gyújtunk kátránnyal a Sábbát tisztelete miatt. De a Bölcsek megengednek minden típusú olajat: szezámmag-olajat, mogyoróolajat, retekolajat, halolajat, tökolajat, kátrányt, naftát. Rabbi Tárfon azt mondja: csakis olivaolajjal gyújthatunk.", "Nem gyújthatunk semmilyen fából származó kanóccal, kivéve a lent. Ezen felül semmilyen fából készült termék nem válik rituálisan tiszátalanná, ha egy fedél alá kerül egy tisztátalan tárggyal; kivéve a lent. Ruhából készült kanóccal, melyet már befontak, de még nem perzseltek meg – Rabbi Eliezer szerint rituálisan tisztátalan, és nem gyújthatunk vele; Rabbi Akiva szerint rituálisan tiszta, és gyújthatunk vele.", "Nem használhatunk tojásból készült tartót, melyet kilyukasztunk alul, és teletöltjük, hogy az olaj a lámpásba csöpögjön belőle, még akkor sem megengedett, ha ez agyagból van. Ha viszont a fazekas odaragasztva készítette, szabad, mert egy edénynek számít. Nem tölthetünk meg egy tálat olajjal, hogy a lámpás mellé tegyük, és belehelyezzük a kanóc végét, mert átszívja az olajat. De Rabbi Jehuda szerint szabad.", "Aki azért oltja el a fényt, mert fél a bálványimádóktól, rablóktól, melankóliától; vagy azért, hogy a beteg aludni tudjon, mentesül a büntetés alól. De ha csak azért, hogy spóroljon a fénnyel, a lámpával, az olajjal vagy a kanóccal, megbüntetik. Rabbi Joszi szerint csak akkor büntetjük meg, ha a kanóccal akar spórolni, mert akkor szenet készít.", "Három vétek miatt halnak bele a nők a szülésbe: mert nem eléggé elővigyázatosak a házasélet tisztaságának törvényeinek betartásánál, a chala elvételénél, és a sábbáti gyertyák meggyújtásánál.", "Három dolgot kell megemlíteni otthon a Sábbát bejövetele előtt: 1. Vettünk-e tizedet? 2. Csináltunk-e éruvot? 3. Gyújtsuk meg a sábbáti gyertyákat! Ha kérdéses, hogy a Sábbát bejött-e már, nem szabad tizedet venni a biztosan nem tizedet vett terményekből, az edényeket mikvébe meríteni, vagy gyertyát gyújtani. De szabad tizedet venni azokból a termékekből, ahol kérdéses, hogy vettünk-e tizedet, szabad éruvot csinálni, és betakarni a meleg ételt.", "Bölcseink tanították, hogy Chánánja azt mondja: kötelessége az embernek ellenőriznie ruháit a Sábbát bejövetele előtt, nehogy benne felejtsen valamit, és kivigye azt közterületre. Ráv Joszéf azt mondta: ez a Sábbát napjának egyik fontos törvénye.", "Rabbi Elázár mondta Rabbi Chanina nevében: a Tóratudósok gyarapítják a békét a világban, ahogy írva van: „Minden gyermeked az Örökkévaló tanítványa lesz, és gyermekeidnek nagy békében lesz része.” Ne úgy olvasd, hogy gyermekeid (bánájich), hanem úgy, hogy építőid (bonájich). Nagy béke van a Tórádat szeretőkkel, és nincs előttük gáncs. Legyen béke falaidon belül, és nyugalom palotáidon belül. Testvéreim és társaim kedvéért hadd beszéljek békéről benned. Az Örökkévaló, Istenünk háza kedvéért hadd kérjek neked jót. Az Örökkévaló adjon erőt népének; az Örökkévaló áldja meg népét békével." ], "Kaddish DeRabbanan": [ "Magasztaltassék és szenteltessék meg az Ő nagy neve (Ámen!)", "", "a világban, melyet akarata szerint teremtett. Uralkodjon Ő királyságában életedben, napjaidban, és egész Izrael házának életében és napjaiban, mielőbb és mihamarabb. És mondjátok: Ámen!", "Ámen! Legyen az Ő nagy neve áldott örökkön örökké!", "", "Áldott, magasztalt, dicsőített, dicsért és hatalmas legyen a neve a Szentnek – áldott Ő,", "", "felette minden áldásnak és éneknek, dicsőítésnek és vigasztalásnak, melyet a világban mondanak. És mondjátok: Ámen!", "", "Izraelre és tanítóira, tanítványaikra és tanítványaik tanítványaira, és mindenkire, aki a Tórával foglalatoskodik, itt és mindenütt másutt – jöjjön számukra és számotokra nagy béke, dicsőség, jóság, irgalom, hosszú élet, bőséges megélhetés és megváltás égi Atyjuktól. És mondjátok: Ámen!", "", "Jöjjön nagy mennyei béke és élet ránk és Izrael népére. És mondjátok: Ámen!", "", "Aki békét teremt a magasságokban, teremtsen békét számunkra, és egész Izrael számára, és mondjátok: Ámen!" ] }, "Maariv": { "Barchu": [ "Áldjátok az Örökkévalót, az Áldottat!", "Áldott az Örökkévaló, az Áldott, örökkön örökké!" ], "Blessings of the Shema": { "First Blessing before Shema": [ "Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, Istenünk, a világ királya, aki szavával hozza el az estét, bölcsen kapukat nyit, értelemmel változtatja az időket, fordítja az évszakokat, és rendezi a csillagokat és égi képeiket, akarata szerint. Nappalt és éjszakát teremt, eltávolítja a fényt a sötétség elől, és a sötétséget a fény elől. Ő múlatja el a napot, és hozza az éjt, Ő választja el a nappalt az éjszakától – Örökkévaló, a Seregek Ura az Ő neve. Uralkodjon felettünk az Élő Isten mindörökké! Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, aki elhozza az estét." ], "Second Blessing before Shema": [ "Végtelen szeretettel szeretted néped, Izrael házát, és tanítottál bennünket a Tórára és a micvákra, a rendeletekre és törvényekre. Ezért, Örökkévaló, Istenünk, rendeleteidről beszélünk, mikor lefekszünk és felkelünk, és örvendünk Tórád és micváid szavai felett mindörökké. Mert ezek a mi életünk és napjaink meghosszabbítói, és velük kell foglalatoskodnunk nappal és éjjel. Ne vedd el soha tőlünk szeretetedet! Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, aki szereti népét, Izraelt." ], "Shema": [ "Isten, igazságos király.", "Hear, O Israel: The Lord our God, the Lord is One.", "Halkan hozzátesszük: Áldott dicsőséges uralkodásának neve örökkön örökké!", "Szeresd az Örökkévalót, Istenedet teljes szívedből, teljes lelkedből és teljes erőddel. És legyenek ezek a szavak, melyeket megparancsolok ma neked, a szíveden. Tanítsd azokat fiaidnak, és beszélj róluk, mikor házadban ülsz, mikor utadon jársz, és mikor lefekszel és felkelsz. Kösd jelül őket kezedre, és legyenek homlokkötőként szemeid közt; és írd fel azokat házad ajtófélfáira és kapuidra.", "És lesz majd, ha folyamatosan hallgattok rendeleteimre, melyeket ma megparancsolok nektek, hogy szeressétek az Örökkévalót, Isteneteket, és szolgáljátok Őt teljes szívetekkel és lelketekkel. És akkor esőt adok földetekre a megfelelő évszakban, korai és kései esőt, hogy begyűjtsétek gabonátokat, szőlőtöket és olajatokat. És adok füvet állataitoknak mezőiteken; enni fogtok, és jóllaktok. Vigyázzatok, nehogy eltévelyedjen szívetek, és elforduljatok tőlem, és más istenségeket szolgáljatok, és előttük leboruljatok. Mert felkel veled szemben az Örökkévaló haragja, és elzárja az eget, hogy ne essen eső, és a föld ne adjon termést, és gyorsan elűzzön arról a jó földről, amit az Örökkévaló ad neked. Vegyétek ezeket a szavakat szívetekre és lelketekre, és kössétek jelül őket kezeitekre, és legyenek homlokkötőként szemeitek közt. Tanítsd meg fiaidnak, hogy beszéljen róluk; mikor házadban ülsz, mikor utadon jársz, és mikor lefekszel és felkelsz. És írd fel azokat házad ajtófélfáira és kapuidra, hogy megsokasodjanak napjaitok, és gyermekeitek napjai azon a földön, melyről megesküdött az Örökkévaló őseiteknek, hogy nekik adja azt; mint az ég napjai a földön.", "És szólt az Örökkévaló Mózeshez, mondván: beszélj Izrael fiaihoz, és mondd nekik, hogy készítsenek maguknak ciceszt ruháik sarkaira, nemzedékeiken át, és helyezzenek a sarok ciceszére techélet-kék fonalat. Legyen az számotokra cicesz, lássátok azt, és emlékezzetek az Örökkévaló összes törvényére; tartsátok be azokat, és ne kutassatok szívetek és szemeitek nyomán, melyek után eltévelyedtek; hogy emlékezzetek és tartsátok meg összes törvényemet, és legyetek szentek Isteneteknek. Én vagyok az Örökkévaló, a ti Istenetek, aki kivezetett benneteket Egyiptom földjéről, hogy a ti Istenetek legyen. Én vagyok az Örökkévaló, a ti Istenetek. Igaz –", "Az előimádkozó megismétli az utolsó három szót: Az Örökkévaló, Istenetek. Igaz –" ], "First Blessing after Shema": [ "– és hiteles mindez, és szilárd számunkra, hogy Ő az Örökkévaló, Istenünk, rajta kívül nincs más. Mi pedig az Ő népe, Izrael vagyunk. Ő mentett meg bennünket királyok kezeitől; Királyunk Ő, aki minden zsarnok kezéből megszabadít bennünket. Ő az Isten, aki szenvedéseinket megtorolja, és igazságosan bünteti meg az életünkre törőket. Hatalmas dolgokat tesz, mely felülmúlja az értelmet, és megszámlálhatatlan sok csodát művel.", "Ő helyezte lelkünket az életbe, és nem hagyta lábainkat botladozni. Átvezetett bennünket ellenségeink magaslatain, és felemelte büszkeségünket a minket gyűlölők fölé. Csodákat tett velünk, és elégtételt vett a Fáraón; jeleket és csodás dolgokat tett velünk Chám földjén.", "Haragjában leverte Egyiptom összes elsőszülöttjét, és kivezette közülük népét, Izraelt, az örök szabadságba. Átvezette népét a kettéválasztott Nádas-tengeren, az őket üldözőket és gyűlölőket pedig a mélységbe vetette. Mikor gyermekei látták hatalmát, magasztalták, és hálát adtak Neki, uralmát boldogan elfogadták. Mózes és Izrael gyermekei dallal kiáltottak Hozzád, hatalmas boldogságban, és együtt mondták:", "„Ki hasonló Hozzád a hatalmasok között? Ki olyan, mint Te, nagy a szentségben, félelmetes dicsőségben, csodákat tevő?”", "Fiaid látták királyságodat, mikor kettéválasztottad a tengert Mózes előtt. „Ez az én Istenem”, kiáltották, és azt mondták: „Az Örökkévaló uralkodik örökkön örökké!” És írva van: „Mert megváltotta az Örökkévaló Jákobot, és megszabadította az erősebb kezéből”. Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, aki megváltotta Izraelt." ], "Second Blessing after Shema": [ "Help us, Lord, to lie down in peace, and awaken us again, our Sovereign, to life. Spread over us Your shelter of peace; guide us with Your good counsel. Save us because of Your mercy. Shield us from enemies and plague, from starvation, sword, and sorrow. Remove the evil forces that surround us. Shelter us in the shadow of Your wings, O G-d, who watches over us and delivers us, our gracious and merciful Ruler. Guard our coming and our going; grant us life and peace, now and always. Spread over us the shelter of Your peace. Praised are you, Lord, who spreads the shelter of peace over us, over all G-d's people Israel, and over Jerusalem." ] }, "Veshamru": [ "Őrizzék meg Izrael fiai a Sábbátot, hogy megtartsák a Sábbátot nemzedékeiken át, örök szövetségként. Köztem és Izrael fiai között örök jel az, mert hat napon át alkotta az Örökkévaló az eget és a földet, és a hetedik napon megnyugodott és megpihent." ], "Half Kaddish": [ "Magasztaltassék és szenteltessék meg az Ő nagy neve (Ámen!) a világban, melyet akarata szerint teremtett. Uralkodjon Ő királyságában életedben, napjaidban, és egész Izrael házának életében és napjaiban, mielőbb és mihamarabb. És mondjátok: Ámen! Legyen az Ő nagy neve áldott örökkön örökké! Áldott, magasztalt, dicsőített, dicsért és hatalmas legyen a neve a Szentnek – áldott Ő, felette minden áldásnak és éneknek, dicsőítésnek és vigasztalásnak, melyet a világban mondanak. És mondjátok: Ámen!" ], "Amidah": { "Patriarchs": [ "Örökkévaló, nyisd meg ajkaimat, hogy szám a dicsőségedről beszéljen!", "Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, Istenünk, ősatyáink Istene, Ábrahám Istene, Izsák Istene és Jákob Istene, a nagy, hatalmas és félelmetes Isten, fentvaló Isten, aki jóságot cselekszik; mindent megteremt, megemlékezik az Ősatyák jócselekedeteiről, és elhozza a megváltót gyermekeik gyermekeinek, az Ő nagy nevéért, szeretetben.", "Emlékezz ránk, hogy éltess bennünket, Király, aki az élőkben leli kedvét; és írj be bennünket az Élet könyvébe, Teérted, élő Isten!", "Király, Segítő, Megmentő, és Pajzs! Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, Ábrahám pajzsa." ], "Divine Might": [ "Te vagy hatalmas mindörökké, Te támasztod fel a holtakat, bőségesen segítesz,", "[szelet fúvatsz és esőt hullatsz].", "Ellátod az élőket jóságosan, feléleszted a holtakat nagy kegyelemmel; támasza vagy az elesetteknek, gyógyítója a betegeknek, megszabadítója a foglyoknak, és megtartod hűségedet a porban nyugvóknak. Ki olyan, mint Te, hatalmas tettek Ura, és ki hasonlatos Hozzád, Király, aki életet adsz és elveszel, és megváltást hozol!", "Ki hasonlítható Hozzád, Kegyelem Atyja, aki teremtményeire kegyelemmel emlékezik, hogy éljenek!", "Hűséggel valljuk, hogy feltámasztod a holtakat. Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, aki feltámasztja a holtakat." ], "Holines of God's Name": [ "Szent vagy, szent a neved, és a szentek minden nap téged dicsőítenek, mindörökké. Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, a szent Isten [Király]." ], "Sanctity of the Day": [ "Te szentelted meg a hetedik napot a nevednek, az ég és föld teremtésének befejeztét; megáldottad azt az összes többi nap közül, és megszentelted azt minden idők közül, ahogy írva van a Tórádban:", "És elkészült az ég, a föld és minden seregük. Befejezte Isten a hetedik napon művét, melyet alkotott, és megpihent a hetedik napon minden művétől, melyet alkotott. Ekkor megáldotta Isten a hetedik napot, és megszentelte, mert azon a napon pihent meg minden művétől, amit teremtett Isten, és alkotott.", "Istenünk, ősatyáink Istene, legyen kedves Számodra [sábbáti] pihenésünk. Szentelj meg bennünket parancsolataiddal, és adj részt nekünk Tórádban. Adj nekünk megelégedést jóságodból, örvendeztess meg minket megváltásoddal, és tisztítsd meg szívünket, hogy őszintén szolgáljunk téged. Örökkévaló, Istenünk, add nekünk örökségként a szent Sábbátot, szeretettel és jóindulattal, és hadd pihenjen meg ezen a napon Izrael népe, neved megszentelője. Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, aki megszenteli a Sábbátot." ], "Temple Service": [ "Örökkévaló, Istenünk, legyen néped, Izrael, és annak imái kedvesek Számodra, és állítsd vissza a szolgálatot és Izrael égőáldozatait Szentélyedbe. Imáikat pedig fogadd szeretettel és keggyel, és mindig legyen Számodra kedves néped, Izrael szolgálata.", "Ros Chódeskor, valamint Szukot és Pészách félünnepén a következőt tesszük hozzá: Istenünk, ősatyáink Istene, emlékezz meg rólunk, elődeinkről, a Messiásról, Dávid szolgád fiáról, Jeruzsálemről, szent városodról, és Izrael egész háza népéről, szálljon és érkezzen Eléd mindezen emlékezet, érjen el Hozzád, fogadtassék el, és hallgattassék meg Előtted. És emlékezz meg róluk, hogy megszabadítsd őket, és jólétben legyenek, kegyben, jóságban és irgalomban részesüljenek, életben és békében, ezen a mai napon, [Újhold / a sátrak ünnepének / a kovásztalan kenyér ünnepének] alkalmából. Emlékezz meg rólunk a mai napon, Örökkévaló, Istenünk, a javunkra, megáldásunkra, és megtartásunkra az életben! A megmentés és irgalom tettével könyörülj rajtunk, légy hozzánk nagylelkű, irgalmazz nekünk és ments meg bennünket, mert szemeink Feléd fordulnak, és mert irgalmas és könyörületes uralkodó vagy. Lássák szemeink könyörületedben való visszatérésedet Cionba! Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, akinek jelenléte visszatér Cionba." ], "Thanksgiving": [ "Hálát adunk Neked, mert Te vagy az Örökkévaló, Istenünk, ősatyáink Istene, mindörökké. Te vagy életünk szirtje, megváltásunk pajzsa, nemzedékről nemzedékre. Köszönetet kell adnunk Neked és dicsőíteni téged, az életünkért és lelkünkért, mely a kezedben van; csodáidért, melyek nap mint nap velünk vannak; és állandó jóságodért, melyet velünk cselekszel este, reggel és nappal. Te vagy a Jó, mert könyörületed sohasem lankad; Te vagy a Könyörületes, mert jóságod végtelen; csak Benned van a reményünk.", "Hálásak vagyunk Neked a csodákért és megszabadításokért, a hatalmas cselekedetekért, a győzelmekért és a háborúkért, melyeket őseinkért folytattál annak idején, az évnek ebben a szakaszában.", "A hasmoneus Matitjáhu, Jochánán fia, a főpap és fiai napjaiban történt, hogy a gonosz görög birodalom népedet, Izraelt arra akarta kényszeríteni, hogy elfeledjék Tórádat, és eltávolodjanak akaratod törvényeitől. És akkor Te nagy irgalmadban kiálltál mellettük szenvedésük órájában, perbe szálltál értük, törvényt hoztál mellettük, bosszút álltál értük. A gyengék kezére adtad az erőseket, a kevesek kezére a sokakat, a tiszták kezére a tisztátalanokat, az igazak kezére a gonoszakat, a Tóráddal foglalatoskodók kezére a veled szembeszegülőket. Így tettél szert nagy és szent névre világodban; és népedért, Izraelért pedig nagy győzelmet arattál, és felszabadítottad ezen a napon. Ezután gyermekeid bementek házadba, kitakarították szent helyedet, megtisztították Szentélyedet, és gyertyákat gyújtottak szent udvarodban, és bevezették Chanuka ezen nyolc napját, hogy köszönetet mondjanak, és dicsőítsék nagy nevedet.", "", "És mindezekért legyen áldott és magasztaltassék neved, Királyunk, örökkön örökké.", "Írd be az Élet könyvébe mindazokat, akikkel szövetséget kötöttél! Minden élő Neked ad hálát örökké,", "és őszintén dicsőítik nevedet, Isten, örök Megváltásunk és Segítőnk! Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, akinek a neve Jó, és akinek helyénvaló köszönetet adni." ], "Peace": [ "Nagy békét hozz népedre, Izraelre örökre, mert Te vagy a Király, minden béke Ura. Mert helyesnek tartod, hogy népedet, Izraelt minden időben és minden pillanatban megáldjad békéddel.", "Ros Hásáná és Jom Kippur között: Emlékezz meg rólunk és írj be bennünket és egész népedet, Izrael házát, az Élet, az Áldás és a Jólét könyvébe, jó életre és békére. Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, aki megteremti a békét.", "Áldott vagy, Örökkévaló, aki megáldja népét, Izraelt békével.", "Találjanak kegyet Előtted ajkaim szólásai és szívem gondolatai, Örökkévaló, szirtem és megszabadítóm!" ], "Concluding Passage": [ "Istenem, óvd meg nyelvemet a rossztól, és ajkaimat a hamisságtól. Az engem átkozókkal szemben legyen lelkem néma; legyen lelkem mindenki előtt olyan, mint a por. Nyisd meg szívemet Tórád előtt, és parancsolataidra törekedjen lelkem! Mihamarabb tedd semissé tanácsait mindenkinek, aki ellenem gonoszul szövetkezik, és töröld el szándékaikat! Tedd meg mindezt nevedért, tedd meg jobbodért, tedd meg szentségedért, tedd meg Tórádért! Hogy a Számodra kedvesek megszabaduljanak; jobboddal ments meg, és felelj nekem! Találjanak kegyet Előtted ajkaim szólásai és szívem gondolatai, Örökkévaló, szirtem és megszabadítóm! Aki békét teremt a magasságokban, teremtsen békét számunkra, és egész Izrael számára, és mondjuk: Ámen.", "Legyen az az akaratod, Örökkévaló, Istenünk, ősatyáink Istene, hogy épüljön fel a Szentély minél hamarabb, napjainkban, és add, hogy részünk legyen a Tórádban. Ott fogunk szolgálni téged istenfélelemmel eltelve, akárcsak hajdanában, a régi időkben. És akkor Júda és Jeruzsálem áldozatait kegyesen fogadja az Örökkévaló, akárcsak hajdanában, a régi időkben." ] }, "Vay'chulu": [ "The community representative and the congregation say \"And he completed\"", "And he completed the heavens and the earth and all their hosts. And God completed on the seventh day his work which he had done; and he rested on the seventh day from the all his work which he had done. And God blessed the seventh day, and he sanctified it; for on it had God rested from all the work which he had created to do." ], "Me'ein Sheva": [ "Blessed are you, O LORD our god and the god of our fathers, god of Abraham, god of Isaac, and god of Jacob, the great, mighty, and wondrous god, the god Most High, creator of the heavens and the earth.", "Shield of the patriarchs with his Word, revivifier of the dead by his Speech, the holy god like whom there is none, who rests his people on his holy Sabbath day for on these did he please to rest them. We serve him in awe and fear, and give thanks to his name every day with appropriate blessings. God of thanks, master of peace, sanctifier of the Sabbath and blesser of the Seventh, who in holiness rests his people sated in enjoyment -- a memorial to Creation!", "Our god and the god of our fathers, be pleased by our rest. Sanctify us by your commandments, and give us our portion in your Law. Sate us from your goodness, and cheer us with your salvation, and purify our hearts to serve you in truth. And endow to us, O Lord, in love and benevolence, your holy Sabbath, and rest thereon all Israel who sanctify your name. Blessed are you, O LORD, Sanctifier of the Sabbath." ], "Kaddish Shalem": [], "Sefirat HaOmer": [], "Aleinu": [ "A mi kötelességünk magasztalni a Mindenség Urát, és nagyságát felismerni a Teremtés Megformálójának. Mert nem csak egy népnek teremtett bennünket a sok közül, és nem olyannak tett bennünket, mint a föld más nemzetségei. Mert nem ugyanazt adta osztályrészünkül, mint nekik, és jussunk nem olyan, mint az ő sokaságaiké. (Mert ők hiábavalóság és üresség előtt borulnak le, és olyan istenséghez imádkoznak, mely nem menti meg őket.) De mi a királyok királyainak Királya, a Szent – áldott Ő – előtt hajtunk térdet, borulunk le és mondunk köszönetet. Ő az, aki az égboltot kifeszíti és magalapozza a földet, hódolatának székhelye az egekben van fent, hatalmának jelenléte pedig a leghatalmasabb magasságokban. Igaz a mi Királyunk, nincs rajta kívül más! Ahogy Tórádban áll: „hogy megtudd ma, és szívedbe vésd, hogy az Örökkévaló az Isten, az egekben fent és a lent a földön, rajta kívül nincs más”.", "Ezért mi Benned bízunk, Örökkévaló, Istenünk, hogy mihamarabb meglátjuk hatalmad dicsőségét, a bálványok eltávolítását a föld színéről és a hamis istenek eltörlését, és a világ helyrehozását a Mindenható királysága által. És akkor minden élő a Te nevedet hívja, hogy magadhoz fordítsd a föld minden gonoszát. Vegye észre, és tudja a világ minden lakója, hogy Előtted kell meghajolni minden térdnek, és Neked kell esküt tennie minden nyelvnek. Előtted borulnak majd le és hajolnak meg, és hódolnak majd neved dicsőségéhez; elfogadják mind királyságod jármát, Te pedig uralkodsz felettük, mihamarabb, örökké. Mert Tied a királyág, és dicsőséggel fogsz uralkodni örökkön örökké, ahogy a Tórádban áll: „Az Örökkévaló uralkodik örökkön örökké”. És ahogy az mondva van: „Az Örökkévaló lesz az egész föld Királya, – és azon a napon az Örökkévaló egy lesz, és neve is egy lesz”." ], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "May God's great name be exalted and hallowed throughout the created world, as is God's wish.   May God's sovereignty soon be established, in your lifetime and in your days, and in the days of all the house of Israel.  And we say: Amen.", "May God's great name be acknowledged forever and ever!  ", "May the name of the Holy One be acknowledged and celebrated, lauded and worshipped, exalted and honored, extolled and acclaimed -- though God, who is blessed b'rich hu is truly beyond all acknowledgement and praise, or any expressions of gratitude or consolation ever spoken in the world.  And we say: Amen.", "May Heaven bestow on us, and on all Israel, life and abundant and lasting peace.  And we say: Amen. ", "May the One who creates peace on high bring peace to us and to all Israel.  And we say: Amen" ], "LeDavid": [], "Yigdal": [], "Adon Olam": [ "The king of the world, who ruled before any creature was created.", "At the time they were made, all was according to His will, and then His name was called \"King\".", "And after everything was finished, he alone ruled, awe-inspiring. ", "He was, He is, and He will be with splendor.", "And, he was first, with no second, to rule over him or to collaborate;", "with no beginning and no end, he has the strength and the right.", "And he is my G-d, my redeemer is alive; the rock who sustains me in a distressful day.", "And he is my banner and refuge, the portion of my cup on the day I call out.", "In his hand, I safeguard my spirit, [for] when I sleep, [I know that] I will wake.", "And with my spirit is my body; G-d is for me, and I will not be afraid. " ] }, "Shabbat Evening": { "Blessing the Children": [ "God make you like Ephraim and Manasseh. God make you like Sarah, Rebecca, Rachel, and Leah." ], "Shalom Aleichem": [], "Kiddush": [], "Ribon Kol HaOlamim": [], "Eshet Chayil": [], "Zemirot for Shabbat Evening": { "Kol Mekadesh": [ "All who sanctify the Seventh as it deserves", "All who protect the Sabbath according to its law from breakers", "His reward is very great, correspondent to his act", "Each according to his camp, each according to his flag.", "God-lovers, who hope for the building of Ariel", "On the Sabbath day they celebrate like those who received the gift of Nahaliel", "Also their hands lift up the holy, and they say to God", "\"Blessed is the LORD who gave rest to his people Israel.\"", "God-seekers, progeny of Abraham his beloved", "Who delay leaving the Sabbath, and hurry to enter it", "Who are happy to keep it, and to make its eruv,", "\"This is the day which the LORD made, let us celebrate on it!\"", "Recall the Law of Moses, which records the Sabbath commandment!", "Set for the seventh day, like a bride arranged between her maids,", "The pure ones inherit her, and sanctify her by retelling all which she did.", "\"And God completed on the seventh day the work which he did.\"", "A holy day is it, from its coming to its departure", "All progeny of Jacob will glorify it, per royal decree", "to rest on it and to celebrate its pleasures, to eat and drink", "\"All the gathering of Israel will do this.\"", "Disburse your kindness to those who know you, O jealous and vengeful god", "Guards of the seventh day, who establish \"Recall\" and \"Keep\"", "Celebrate in the building of Salem, make them shine with the radiance of your face,", "\"They will overflow with the abundance of your houses, and with your delicious spring you will water them.\"", "Help those who rest on the seventh, planting and harvest, forever,", "Taking a small step, eating so as to bless three times,", "Their righteousness shines like the light of the seven days", "\"LORD god of Israel, give a sign!\"", "Sanctify them with you commandments, and make them as pure as the very sky", "Let your spirit give them rest like a beast descending to the plain from a peak", "Settle their tribes in the territory of the moon,", "\"Like groves they will spread, like gardens by the river.\"" ], "Menucha VeSimcha": [], "Ma Yedidut": [], "Yom zeh L'yisrael": [], "Yah Ribon": [], "Tzamah Nafshi": [], "Tzur Mishelo": [] } }, "Shacharit": { "Preparatory Prayers": { "Modeh Ani": [ "Mo-deh ani l'fan-e-cha", "Melech chai v'ka-yam", "She-he-che-zar-ta bi ni-sh-mati", "b'chemla, ra-bah e-mu-na-tech-a", "", "I give thanks to You, living and everlasting God, for You have restored my soul with mercy. Great is Your faithfulness" ], "Netilat Yadayim": [], "Asher Yatzar": [], "Elokai Neshama": [], "Tzitzit": [], "Tallit": [], "Ma Tovu": [], "Adon Olam": [], "Yigdal": [], "Morning Blessings": [], "Akedah": [], "Sovereignty of Heaven": [], "Korbanot": { "Kiyor": [], "Terumat HaDeshen": [], "Korban HaTamid": [], "Ketoret": [], "Order of the Temple Service": [], "Laws of Sacrifices": [], "Baraita of Rabbi Yishmael": [], "Kaddish DeRabbanan": [] } }, "Pesukei Dezimra": { "Mizmor Shir": [], "Mourner's Kaddish": [], "Barukh She'amar": [], "Hodu": [], "Mizmor Letoda": [], "Psalm 19": [], "Psalm 34": [ "Of David when he disguised his sancitity before Avimelech, who drove him out, and he left. ", "I will bless Hashem in every season, His tefillah shall always be on my mouth ", "In Hashem my nefesh [spirit] praises, let the unfortunate hear and be gladdened Exalt Hashem with me, and let us glorify his name together. ", "I sought out god and He answered me, from all of my troubles He saved me ", "They look to him and are radiant, let not their faces become down ", "This poor man called out to Hashem and He listened, from all his oppressions he saved him. ", "The malach of Hashem encamps around his feared ones, and rescues them. ", "Realize and see how good is Hashem, praiseworthy is the man who takes refuge in him ", "Fear Hashem, his holy ones, because there is nothing depriving from his feared ones. ", "Young lions may want and hunger, but those who turn to Hashem will not lack any good ", "Come my sons listen to me, Yirat Hashem I will teach you ", "Who is the man who desires life? Who" ], "Psalm 90": [], "Psalm 91": [], "Psalm 135": [], "Psalm 136": [], "Psalm 33": [], "Psalm 92": [], "Psalm 93": [], "Yehi Chevod": [], "Ashrei": [], "Psalm 146": [], "Psalm 147": [], "Psalm 148": [], "Psalm 149": [], "Psalm 150": [], "Baruch Hashem": [], "Vayevarech David": [], "Shirat HaYam": [], "Nishmat Kol Chai": [], "Shochen Ad": [], "Yishtabach": [ "May your name be praised forever, O our king. Great and holy god-emperor over the heavens and the earth! For songs of praise are pleasant to you, O LORD our god and god of our forefathers, and hymns of exaltation, and power and sovereignty, great and powerful victory, awesome wonder, and holy kingship, and blessings and thanks, from now until forever. Blessed are you O LORD, great god-emperor of praises, god of thanks, master of wonders, who chose hymnal songs, king and living god of all the world." ], "Psalm 130": [], "Half Kaddish": [] }, "Blessings of the Shema": { "Barchu": [], "First Blessing before Shema": [ "", "", "O God, master of all creation/blessed by the mouth of every soul/whose grandeur and wonder existed before anything/knowledge and understanding surround his splendor. Who rides upon the holy chayos/and in glorious beauty upon the Chariot/merit and uprightness before his throne/charity and mercy filled with his glory. Good are the lamps which our god created/he made them with knowledge and understanding and skill/power and strength he gave to them/to rule in the vicinity of the Earth. Filled with shine and imbued with rays/lovely their shine throughout the world/happy in their rising and joyous in their setting/doing in awe the will of their creator. Wonder and glory they give to his name/joy and celebration to the stature of his kingship/He called out to the sun, and it shone with light/He saw, and fixed the shape of the moon. All the heavenly host gives him praise/ the seraphs and the ophans, wonder and grandeur." ], "Second Blessing before Shema": [ "(1) [With] great love You have loved us, Lord, our God; [with] great and abundant compassion have You had compassion upon us. Our Parent, our Sovereign — for the sake of our ancestors who trusted in You, and whom You taught laws of life, so [too] be gracious to us and teach us. Our Parent, merciful Parent, Who acts with compassion, have compassion on us and put into our hearts [comprehension] to understand and to discern, to listen, to learn and to teach, to keep, to practice, and to fulfill all the words of the teachings in Your Torah with love. And enlighten our eyes with Your Torah, and attach our hearts to Your mitzvot, and unify our hearts to love and revere Your Name; and may we never be embarrassed, for in Your holy Name— [which is] great and awe-inspiring— have we trusted; may we delight and rejoice in Your deliverance. Bring us in peace [wholeness] from the four corners of the earth; and lead us upright to our land. Because, You are the Almighty, Who performs acts of deliverance, and You have chosen us from among all peoples and languages, and You have brought us close to Your great Name in truth; to thank You and unify You with love. Blessed are You, Lord, Who chooses the people Israel with love." ], "Shema": [], "Blessing after Shema": [] }, "Amidah": { "Patriarchs": [], "Divine Might": [], "Kedushah": [], "Holiness of God": [], "Sanctity of the Day": [ "Moses rejoiced in the gift of his portion, for \"trusted servant\" You called him. A crown of glory You placed on his head, as he stood before You on Mount Sinai. And two tablets of stone he brought down in his hand, and on them You wrote the keeping of Shabbat. And so it is written in your Torah:" ], "Temple Service": [], "Thanksgiving": [], "Birkat Kohanim": [], "Peace": [], "Concluding Passage": [], "Kaddish Shalem": [] }, "Torah Reading": { "Removing the Torah from the Ark": { "Ein Kamocha": [ "There is none like You among the gods, Adonai, and nothing like Your works. Your kingship is a kingship of all worlds, and Your reign is with generation upon generation. The Eternal rules. The Eternal has ruled. The Eternal will rule forever and ever. The Eternal will give strength to the Eternal's people. The Eternal will bless the Eternal's people with peace.", "Father of compassion, do well with Your will upon Zion. Build the walls of Jerusalem, for in You alone we have trusted, King, uplifted and exalted Divinity, master of infinitudes." ], "Vayehi Binsoa": [ "It happened upon the journeying of the Ark, Moses said, “Rise, Eternal,” and Your enemies were dispersed, and Your foes were put to flight from before You. For the Torah will come forth from Zion, and the word of the Eternal from Jerusalem. Blessed is the one who gave Torah to [the] people of Israel in holiness." ], "Berich Shmei": [], "Shema Yisrael (Gadlu)": [], "Lecha Hashem": [], "Veyazor Veyagen": [] }, "Reading from Sefer": { "Birkat Haotrah": [], "Birkat Hagomel": [], "Mi Sheberach": { "For an Oleh": [], "For Sickness (includes man and woman)": [ "For a male: May the one who blessed our ancestors - Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, Moses, and Aaron, David, and Solomon - may God bless the sick on behalf of a vow of tzedakah on their behalf, with this reward may the Holy Blessed One be filled with compassion for him to have pity on him and to heal him and to strengthen him and to give him life, to send speedily complete healing from the heavens to the 248 organs and 365 ligaments among all the sick of Israel, a healing of spirit and a healing of body (on Shabbat: Shabbat prevents from crying out, may healing come near soon; on Yom Tov: Yom Tov prevents calls out, may healing come near soon), now and speedily, and in a time soon, and let us say, Amen.", "For a female: May the one who blessed our ancestors - Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, Moses, and Aaron, David, and Solomon - may God bless the sick on behalf of a vow of tzedakah on their behalf, with this reward may the Holy Blessed One be filled with compassion for her to have pity on her and to heal her and to strengthen her and to give her life, to send speedily complete healing from the heavens to the 248 organs and 365 ligaments among all the sick of Israel, a healing of spirit and a healing of body (on Shabbat: Shabbat prevents from crying out, may healing come near soon; on Yom Tov: Yom Tov prevents from calling out, may healing come near soon), now and speedily, and in a time soon, and let us say, Amen." ], "For Birth": { "Birth of a Son": [], "Birth of Daughter": [] }, "Bar Mitzvah": [], "Bat Mitzvah": [] }, "Half Kaddish": [], "Raising the Torah": [], "Haftarah": [ "(Before reading the haftarah, the reader recites this blessing:) Blessed are You, Eternal, our Divinity, King of the universe, who chose good prophets and favored their spoken words with truth. Blessed are You, Eternal, the Choosing of Torah, [the] servant Moses, [the] people Israel, and prophets of truth and justice.", "(After reading the haftarah, the reader says these blessings:) Blessed are You, Eternal, our Divinity, King of the universe, Rock of all infinitudes, righteous in all generations, Faithful Divinity who says and does, speaks and fulfills all words of truth and justice.", "You are faithful, Eternal, our Divinity, and Your words are faithful. And not one of your earliest words will return empty. For You are a faithful and compassionate Divinity, King. Blessed are You, Eternal, the faithful Divinity in all generations.", "Have compassion upon Zion, for it is the house of our lives. And save the poor of spirit swiftly in our days.", "Blessed are You, Eternal, who causes Zion to rejoice with her [children].", "Gladden us, Eternal, our Divinity, with Your servant Elijah the prophet, and with the reign of the house of David, Your anointed one. May he quickly come and gladden our hearts. Upon his throne there shall not sit a stranger, nor shall others again possess his glory. For in Your holy name, You promised him that his light would not be extinguished for eternity. Blessed are You, Eternal, shield of David. (Say the blessings until this point on communal fasts and Yom Kippur mincha.)", "(Say on Shabbat and Shabbat during Pesach:) For the Torah, service, prophets, and this day of Shabbat that You have given us, Eternal, our Divinity, for holiness and comfort, for honor and glory. For everything, Eternal, our Divinity, we thank You and bless You. May Your name be blessed in the mouth of all life always, forever and ever. Blessed are You, Eternal, the one who sanctifies Shabbat.", "(Say on the Three Pilgrimage Festivals -- Passover, Shavuot, and Sukkot -- and on the Shabbat during Sukkot:) " ] } }, "Communal Prayers": { "Yekum Purkan": [ "", "", " וְכָל מִי שֶׁעוסְקִים בְּצָרְכֵי צִבּוּר בֶּאֱמוּנָה. הַקָּדושׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא יְשַׁלֵּם שכָרָם וְיָסִיר מֵהֶם כָּל מַחֲלָה וְיִרְפָּא לְכָל גּוּפָם וְיִסְלַח לְכָל עֲונָם. וְיִשְׁלַח בְּרָכָה וְהַצְלָחָה בְּכָל מַעֲשה יְדֵיהֶם עִם כָּל יִשרָאֵל אֲחֵיהֶם." ], "Prayer of the State of Israel": [ "Avinu Shebashamim", "Rock and Redeemer of Israel", "Bless the State of Israel", "The start of flowering of Redemption", "Shield it with Your love", "Spread over it the shelter of Your peace", "Guide its leaders and advisors with Your light and Your truth. ", "Establish for them Your good counsel. ", "Strengthen the hands of the defenders of our Holy Land", "Cause them to inherit, our God, deliverance", "Place the crown of victory upon them", "Give the land peace", "And everlasting joy to its inhabitants", "And visit all our Brethren of the house of Israel,", "in all the lands where they are scattered,", "and bring them rapidly to Zion, Your city", "and to Jerusalem, where Your name lives,", "as it says in the Torah of Moses, Your servant:", "Even if your dwelling is at the end of the sky,", "G-d will congregate you from there,", "and bring you from there, and will bring you toward the land that Your forefathers inherited and you will inherit it", "and G-d shall benefit you and multiply your numbers greater than your forefathers. (Deut. 30)", "Then the LORD your God will open up your heart and the hearts of your offspring", "to love the LORD your God with all your heart and soul,", "in order that you may live.", "Unify our hearts to love and worship Your name", "and to keep all that is in Your Torah,", "and send us the son of David, the Messiah of Your justice,", "to redeem those who wait for Your salvation.", "Appear with the glory and the pride of Your strength,", "in front of all the inhabitants of the Universe,", "and all those who have breath will say:", "The G-d of Israel is the King,", "and He reigns over everything.", "Amen, forever. " ], "Prayer for Israeli Soldiers": [ "May He who blessed our fathers, Avraham, Yitschak and Yaakov", "bless the soldiers of the Israel Defense Forces,", "in their standing guard upon our land and the cities of our God", "from the border of the Lebanon to the Wilderness of Egypt", "and from the Great Sea to the approach of the Arava - on land, in the air, and in the sea.", "May the Lord give our enemies that rise against us plagues in front of them.", "May the Holy One, blessed be He, guard and rescue our soldiers from all trouble and distress and from all affliction and illness;", "and send blessing and success in all the work of their hands.", "May He crush those that hate us below them and crown them with the crown of salvation and with the wreath of victory.", "And through them let the verse be fulfilled (Deuteronomy 20:4),", "\"For it is the Lord, your God, that walks with you to fight for you against your enemies to save you.\"", "And let us say, Amen. " ], "Prayer for Those Being Held in Captivity": [ "May the One who blessed Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Joseph, Moses, Aaron, David and Solomon bless, watch and guard those missing from the Israel Defense Forces and the captives,", "", "Guy ben Rina Chaver,", "Ron ben Batya Arad,", "Yekutiel Yehudah Nachman ben Sarah Katz", "and Tzvi ben Peninah Feldman,", "", "among others of our brethren of the House of Israel that are situated in distress and in captivity. On account of the congregation's praying for them, may the Holy One, blessed be He, grant mercy upon them, take them out from darkness and gloom, break their chains, redeem them from their ordeals and return them quickly to the comfort of their families. \"Let them praise the Lord for His kindness, and His wondrous deeds for the children of man\" (Psalms 107:8). And through them, let the verse (Isaiah 35:10) be fulfilled, \"And the Lord’s ransomed shall return, and come with shouting to Zion, crowned with joy everlasting; they shall attain joy and gladness, while sorrow and sighing flee.\" And let us say, Amen!" ], "Birkat Hachodesh": [], "Av HaRachamim": [ "", "The merciful father who dwells upon high will mercifully judge the pious and the upright and pure, the holy congregations who gave up their lives in holy martyrship, who were loved and valued in their lives, and who in their deaths are not abandoned. [They were] lighter than eagles and mightier than lions in doing the will of their creator and the desire of their maker. Remember them for good, O our god, among all the world's righteous, and avenge the spilled blood of your servant, as it is said in the Torah of Moses, man-of-God, \"Acclaim O nations his people, for the blood of his servants he will avenge, and vengeance will be repaid upon his enemies, and his army will cleanse his land.\" And upon the hands of his servants the Prophets it is written, \"And I will avenge their blood which I have not avenged; and the LORD dwells in Zion.\" And in the holy Writings it is said, \"Why do the nations say, 'Where are their gods?' We will see the avengement of your servants' spilled blood made apparent to the nations.\" And it is said, \"For the pursuer of blood will remember them; he will not forget the cries of the oppressed.\" And it is said, \"He judges among the corpse-filled nations, head bowed over the great land. From a stream by the road he drinks -- only then does he lift his head!\"" ] }, "Ashrei": [], "Returning Sefer to Aron": [], "Half Kaddish": [] }, "Musaf LeShabbat": { "Amidah": { "Patriarchs": [], "Divine Might": [], "Kedushah": [], "Holiness of God": [], "Sanctity of the Day": { "For Shabbat": [], "For Shabbat Rosh Chodesh": [] }, "Temple Service": [], "Thanksgiving": [], "Birkat Kohanim": [], "Peace": [], "Concluding Passage": [], "Kaddish Shalem": [] }, "Kaddish Shalem": [], "Ein Keloheinu": [], "Pitum Haketoret": [], "Kaddish Derabbanan": [], "Alenu": [], "Mourner's Kaddish": "", "Mizmor Shir L'Yom HaShabbat": [], "LeDavid": [], "Shir HaKavod": [], "Adon Olam": [] }, "Daytime Meal": { "Kiddusha Rabba": [], "Zemirot for Second Meal": { "Baruch Kel Elyon": [], "Yom Zeh Mechubad": [ "This day is glorified above all days, for on it did rest the Rock of Ages.", "", "", "Six days do your work,", "", "And the Seventh Day is for your god.", "", "On the Sabbath do not do work,", "", "For all was made in the six days.", "", "", "This day is glorified above all days, for on it did rest the Rock of Ages.", "", "", "", "First is it to the holy readings,", "", "A day of Shabbaton, the holy Sabbath day!", "", "Therefore all people with their wine sanctify it", "", "over two loaves the pure ones cut.", "", "", "This day is glorified above all days, for on it did rest the Rock of Ages.", "", "", "Eat fats, drink sweets,", "", "For god will give to all who grasp him,", "", "clothing to wear, bread of the laws,", "", "meat and fish and all delicacies.", "", "", "This day is glorified above all days, for on it did rest the Rock of Ages.", "", "", "", "Do not deny yourself anything on it, and eat", "", "and be satisfied and bless", "", "the LORD your god which you love", "", "for he has blessed you above all other nations.", "", "", "This day is glorified above all days, for on it did rest the Rock of Ages.", "", "", "The heavens tell his glory,", "", "and also the land is filled with his charity", "", "See that all this his hand made,", "", "for he is the Rock, his act is perfect.", "", "", "This day is glorified above all days, for on it did rest the Rock of Ages.", "", "", "", "Author: R. Israel the 12th-century convert." ], "Yom Shabbaton": [], "Shimru Shabtotai": [], "Ki Eshmera": [], "Dror Yikrah": [] } }, "Minchah": { "Ashrei": [], "Uva Letzion": [], "Half Kaddish": [], "Torah Reading": { "Removing the Torah from Ark": { "Va'ani Tefillati": [], "Vayehi Binsoa": [], "Berich Shmei": [], "Gadlu": [], "Lekha Hashem": [], "Av Harachamim": [], "Vetigaleh Veteraeh": [] }, "Reading from Sefer": { "Birkat Hatorah": [], "Raising the Torah": [] }, "Returning Sefer to Aron": { "Yehalelu": [], "LeDavid": [], "Uvenucho Yomar": [] } }, "Amidah": { "Patriarchs": [], "Divine Might": [], "Kedushah": [], "Holiness of God": [], "Sanctity of the Day": [], "Temple Service": [], "Thanksgiving": { "Modim": [], "Al Hanisim for Chanukkah": [], "Al Hanisim for Purim": [] }, "Peace": [], "Concluding Passage": [] }, "Tzidkatkhah Tzedek": [], "Kaddish Shalem": [], "Alenu": [], "Mourner's Kaddish": [], "Barchi Nafshi": [] }, "Third Meal": { "Atkinu": [], "Mizmor LeDavid": [], "Yedid Nefesh": [] }, "Havdalah": [ "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "", "Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who creates the light of the fire. Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who distinguishes between the holy and the profane, between light and darkness, between Israel and the nations, between the seventh day and the six working days. Blessed are You, O Lord, who distinguishes between the holy and the profane." ] }, "Festivals": { "Rosh Chodesh": { "Hallel": { "Berakhah before the Hallel": [], "Psalm 113": [], "Psalm 114": [], "Psalm 115": [], "Psalm 116": [], "Psalm 117": [], "Psalm 118": [], "Berakhah after the Hallel": [] }, "Musaf Amidah for Rosh Chodesh": { "Avot": [], "Gevurot": [], "Kedushah": { "Kedushat HaShem": [] }, "Sanctity of the Day": [], "Avodah": [], "Hodayah": [], "Birkat Kohanim": [], "Peace": [], "Passages Ending Amidah": [] } }, "Shalosh Regalim": { "Amida for Maariv, Shacharit, Mincha": { "Avot": [], "Gevurot": [], "Kedusha": [], "Sanctity of the Day": [ "You have chosen us from all the Nations. You loved us and Desired us. You raised us from among all Languages and sanctified us with your mitzvot. You brought us closer to you our King. To serve your great and holy Name you called us." ], "Avodah": [], "Modim": [], "Birkat Kohanim": [], "Peace": [], "Concluding Prayer": [] }, "Mussaf": { "Avot": [], "Gevurot": [], "Kedusha": [], "Sanctity of the Name": [], "Sanctity of the Day": [], "Avodah": [], "Modim": [], "Birkat Kohanim": [], "Peace": [], "Concluding Prayer": [] } }, "Prayer for Dew": [], "Prayer for Rain": [ " We open the ark", "Blessed are You, etc. - up to, and Savior and Shield:", "", "Af-Bri1According to Mateh Levi, the angel of rain is called Af-Bri because rain is sometimes an expression of Divine anger (af) and at other times it is a blessing which contributes to the health of mankind (Bri). is the designated name of the rain angel,", "who2One task of the rain angel is to form the clouds which cause rainfall. overcasts [the sky], and makes clouds, to empty them and cause rain to fall.", "Water with currents with which to adorn the valley;3See Psalms 65:12. ", "let it not be withheld because of [our] unpaid debts.4Others translate נִשְׁיוֹן שְׁטַר as forgotten debts. The “debts” are our sins.", "Let [the merit of] the faithful5There is a version that replaces אֱמוּנִים , faithful, with אֲמוּצִים , strong. Both refer to our patriarchs who were strong in their belief of God and faithful in carrying out His commands. shield those who pray for rain.", "Blessed are You, Lord, Shield of Abraham.", "", "You are mighty forever, my Master; You are the Resurrector of the dead, the Powerful One, to deliver [us].", "He will impose [upon Af-Bri] to divert rain from streams of water;", "to soften the surface of the earth with sparkling, gem-like drops.", "Water [symbolizes] Your might, as You labeled it in Scripture.6See Psalms 93:4, “The mighty breakers of the sea proclaim ‘Adonoy is mighty on high.’”", "It reassures, with its drops, those in whom was blown the breath [of life],7See Genesis 2:7. The final touch of Adam’s creation is described with the words, “And [God] breathed into his nostrils the breath of life.”", "to keep alive those who mention8Others translate “Those who pray for rain” referring to the Mishna, Maseches Taanis (1:1). the powers of rain.", "", "Our God and God of our fathers!", "", "Remember the patriarch who was drawn to You like water.9Abraham went every place that God commanded him.", "You blessed him like a tree planted beside streams of water.", "You protected him,10See Genesis 15:1, “Fear not Abram, I am your shield.” You rescued him from fire11 and from water;12This refers to the water that threatened Abraham on his way to Mt. Moriah to sacrifice Isaac. See Midrash Tanchuma to Genesis 32.", "You sought him out13You sought him out to show him Your love. Others translate דְּרַשְׁתּוֹ , You tested him, referring to the ten tests to which God subjected him. when he sowed beside all waters.14See Isaiah 32:20. “Fortunate are you that sows beside all waters.” Rabbi Yochonon says this verse refers to those who do righteous deeds (Maseches Baba Kama 17a). Abraham was loved by God because of his righteousness.", "For his sake, do not withhold water.", "", "Remember the one whose birth was foretold [when Abraham said:] “Let a little water be brought.”15See Genesis 18:4. The birth of Isaac was foretold when Abraham offered the three angels “a little water.”", "You told his father to sacrifice him, to spill his blood like water.16Others interpret that Isaac told his father to go through with his sacrifice, and spill his blood like water.", "He too [Isaac] was dutiful to pour out his heart like water.", "He dug and found wells of water.17See Genesis 26:18, 19, 21, 22.", "In [the merit of] his righteousness grant us abundant water.", "", "Remember the one who, carrying his staff, crossed the Jordan's water.18See Genesis 32:11, Jacob said, “For with my staff, I passed over this Jordan.”", "He [Jacob] was single-hearted,19He was single-hearted and undivided in his love and trust in God. and rolled the stone off the mouth of the well of water.20See Genesis 29:10.", "When he was attacked by an angel21See Genesis 32:25. comprised of fire and water,22All angels are created from fire and water.", "You promised to be with him through fire and through water.23See Isaiah 43:2, “When you pass through waters, I will be with you, when you walk through fire, you will not be burned.”", "For his sake, do not withhold water.", "", "Remember the one [Moses] who was drawn out, in a reed basket, from the water.24See Exodus 20:5.", "[About whom] they said, “He drew water and watered the sheep.”25See Exodus 2:19, “And they [the daughters of Jethro] said, ‘An Egyptian delivered us from the hand of the shepherds and also drew water for us, and watered the sheep.’”", "When Your treasured ones, thirsted for water,", "he struck the rock and water gushed out.26See Numbers 20:11.", "In [the merit of] his righteousness grant us abundant water.", "", "Remember the Holy Temple appointee,27Some commentaries explain the phrase זְכוֹר פָּקִיד שָׁתוֹת as referring to Aaron, the Kohein Gadol, but it is difficult to relate the rest of the verse to Aaron. This prayer refers to the Kohein Gadol, the High Priest and the word שָׁתוֹת is a synonym for the Holy Temple. See Psalms 11:3. who immersed himself five times in water.28The Kohein Gadol immersed himself five times during the Day of Atonement. Each time he changed the priestly vestments to perform a service, he immersed himself in a mikveh.", "He cleansed and washed his hands29His right hand was held above his right foot, the left hand above the left foot and all were washed simultaneously. to sanctify them with water.", "He read,30The Mishna (Maseches Yoma 1:3) relates, “They provided him with Sages who read to him the service of the day.” According to Rashi and Bartenura, they read the portion of the Torah (Leviticus 16) dealing with the service of Yom Kippur and elaborated upon its particulars. and was sprinkled with purifying water.31According to the Mishna, (Maseches Parah 3:1), the Kohein Gadol was sprinkled with the purifying water of the Red Heifer during the days before Yom Kippur, in case he had inadvertently come in contact with the dead. The ashes of the Red Heifer, mixed with “living waters,” provided the only means of purification for one who came in contact with the dead.", "He was separated from the people32See Mishna Maseches Yoma 1:1, “Seven days before Yom Kippur they separated the Kohein Gadol from his house and he moved to the official chambers of the Kohein Gadol.” [who were described as] “turbulent as water”33See Genesis 49:4.", "For his sake, do not withhold water.", "", "Remember the twelve tribes, whom You brought through the divided waters;34See Psalms 136:13, 14, “He Who parted the Sea of Reeds into parts—.” “He Who brought Israel through it—.”", "for whom You sweetened the bitterness of water.35See Exodus 15:25, “And he (Moses) cast the tree into the waters and the waters became sweet.”", "Their descendants, their blood was spilled for Your sake like water.36See Psalms 79:3. The Jew has always been prepared to sacrifice his life to sanctify God’s Name.", "Turn [to us], for our soul is engulfed [with woes] like water.", "In [the merit of] their righteousness grant us abundant water.", "", "(Prayer leader:) For You Lord, our God, are Causer of the wind to blow and of the rain to fall", "For blessing and not for curse. Amen", "For life and not for death. Amen", "For plenty and not for scarcity. Amen", "Who sustains life, etc." ], "Sukkot": { "Prayers in the Sukkah": { "Entering the Sukkah": [ "Behold, I am ready and prepared to fulfill the commandment of the sukkah (hut), as the Creator, may his Name be blessed, commanded me - as is written (Leviticus 23:43-44), \"You shall live in huts seven days; all citizens in Israel shall live in huts.", "In order that future generations may know that I made the Israelite people live in huts when I brought them out of the land of Egypt.\"" ], "Ushpizin": [ "Sit, sit, [you] lofty guests; sit, sit [you] holy guests; sit, sit [you] guests of faith. Worthy is Israel's portion, as it is written (Deuteronomy 32:9), \"For the Lord’s portion is His people, Jacob His allotment.\"", "", "May it be Your will in front of You, Lord, my God and God of my fathers, that You have Your Divine Presence rest upon us, and that You spread out Your sukkah of peace upon us, in the merit of the commandment of sukkah that we are fulfilling in order to unify the name of the Holy One, blessed be He and His Divine Presence - with fear and love - to unify the name, Yod Hay, with Vav Hay on behalf of all of Israel; and to surround them with the radiance of Your holy and pure glory, spread over their heads above 'like an eagle protecting his nest.' And from there, may the flow of life flow to Your servant, [one's name], the child of [one's mother's name], Your maidservant. And in the merit of my going out of my house - 'I eagerly pursue Your commandments' - let this be considered as if 'I wandered far away' (thus suffering the atonement of exile), and 'wash me thoroughly of my iniquity and purify me of my sin.' And 'let Your ears pay heed' to many blessings of the lofty guests, the guests of faith; and give the hungry, even the thirsty, their bread and their dependable water. And give me the merit to sit and be sheltered 'in the hidden shade of Your wings,' at the time of my leaving the world, and to be 'sheltered from the torrential rain,' when 'You rain down blazing coals upon the wicked.' And let this commandment of sukkah that I am fulfilling be considered as if I had fulfilled it with all of its details, its exact specifications, its conditions and all the commandments that depend upon it. And make the sealing [of judgement] good for us, and give us the merit to dwell many days upon the ground, the holy ground, in Your service and in Your awe. 'Blessed is the Lord forever, Amen and Amen!'", "", "On the first night when one enters the sukkah before sitting to eat, and on every night before the meal, one should say:", "I am inviting the lofty guests, Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, Joseph and David.", "", "On the first day, one says:", "If you please, Abraham, my lofty guest, may all of the exalted guests - Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, Joseph and David - sit with me and you.", "On the second day, one says:", "If you please, Isaac, my lofty guest, let all of the exalted guests - Abraham, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, Joseph and David - sit with me and with you.", "On the third day, one says:", "If you please, Jacob, my lofty guest, may all of the exalted guests - Abraham, Isaac, Moses, Aaron, Joseph and David - sit with me and you.", "On the fourth day, one says:", "If you please, Moses, my lofty guest, may all of the exalted guests - Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Aaron, Joseph and David - sit with me and you.", "On the fifth day, one says:", "If you please, Aaron, my lofty guest, may all of the exalted guests - Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Joseph and David - sit with me and you.", "On the sixth day, one says:", "If you please, Joseph, my lofty guest, may all of the exalted guests - Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron, and David - sit with me and you.", "On the seventh day, one says:", "If you please, David, my lofty guest, may all of the exalted guests - Abraham, Isaac, Jacob, Moses, Aaron and Joseph - sit with me and you. " ], "Leaving the Sukkah": [ "May it be Your will in front of You, Lord, our God and God of our fathers - in the same way that I have fulfilled [the commandment] and dwelt in this sukkah, so may I merit next year to dwell in the sukkah (made from the skin) of the Leviathan." ] }, "Blessing on Lulav": [ "Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the Universe, who has sanctified us with His commandments and has commanded us about holding the lulav.", "The first time during Sukkot that one makes a blessing on the lulav, one should also bless the following blessing:", "Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe, who has granted us life and sustenance and permitted us to reach this season." ], "Hosha'anot": { "For Shabbat Chol Hamoed": [ "For Your sake, our God, please save; for Your sake, our Creator, please save!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, please save; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save!", "", "The nation, guarded like the pupil of the eye,", "contemplates the doctrine that restores the soul,", "studies the laws of Shabbat,", "interprets the carrying of Shabbat,", "which establishes two thousand (ells) as the perimeter of Shabbat.", "And [beyond this], it prevents its feet on account of the Shabbat.", "It fulfills, \"remember,\" and \"guard,\" on the Shabbat.", "It hurries to make haste [for] the coming of the Shabbat.", "It busies itself [with] all from the six [days] for the Shabbat,", "sits and waits until the end of Shabbat.", "It calls Shabbat glory and delight;", "it changes clothing and covering on the Shabbat;", "food and drink does it prepare for the Shabbat,", "enjoying pleasant foods for the Shabbat.", "Three meals does it fulfill on Shabbat,", "upon two loaves does it break [bread] on Shabbat.", "It designates four domains on Shabbat.", "It kindles [lights for] the commandment of lighting the candle on Shabbat.", "It sanctifies the holiness (kiddush) of the day on Shabbat,", "prays the song of seven (paragraphs) on Shabbat.", "It reads seven from the doctrine on Shabbat,", "let it inherit the day that is completely Shabbat.", "Please save!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation! Like You saved Adam, the work of Your hands, as a Protector, on the holy Shabbat you found him atonement and clemency; like You saved the distinguished nation hoping for freedom, they intuited to choose the seventh [day] for repose; like You saved the people that You drove like sheep to refreshment, and You placed a law at Marah upon the waters of rest; like You saved Your privileged ones in the Wilderness of Sin in the camp, they were wise and collected double the bread on the sixth [day]; like You saved Your followers [who] instructed preparation from their intelligence, their Shepherd blessed their strength and conceded to them; like You saved those sustained in delight from that which was stored, it did not change its appearance and its aroma did not cease; like You saved those who studied the laws of carrying on Shabbat, they rested and ceased, keeping [the laws of] the domains and the perimeters; like You saved those who heard the fourth commandment [at] Sinai, the matter of \"remember,\" and \"guard,\" to sanctify the seventh [day]; like You saved the ones ordered in Jericho to encircle seven [times], they besieged it until it came down on Shabbat to be victorious; like You saved Kohelet and his people in the House of Eternity, they pleased You with their feasting seven and seven days; like You saved those who returned to arise from the exile to redemption, as they read Your Torah on the festival every day; like You saved those who made You rejoice in the new second [Temple], raising the lulav all seven [days] in the Temple; like You saved those that pushed off the pounding of the willow [on] Shabbat, they placed the willow branches of Motza at the base of the altar; like You saved those that rejoiced with soft, long and tall [willow branches], in their departure, they would praise, \"Beauty is yours\"; like You saved those who thank and hope but never alter, we all repeat, \"We are His and our eyes are towards Him\"; like You saved those that encircled the winepress of Your hewing with freshness, they hymn, \"Ani Vaho, please bring salvation\"; like You saved the army of careful ones who serve composed, the double sacrifice of Shabbat, [by sacrificing] the burnt-offering and the gift-offering; like You saved Your Levites singing upon their stand, saying, \"A psalm, a song for the day of Shabbat\"; like You saved those comforted by Your commandments [which] always give them enjoyment, and You will placate and rescue them, and they shall be saved with ease and rest; like You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please save! Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - God of salvations - so too please bring salvation!", "", "Deliver and bless Your people; tend them and sustain them forever (Psalms 28:9). And may these words of mine, which I have offered in supplication before the Lord, be close to the Lord our God day and night, that He may provide for His servant and for His people Israel, according to each day’s needs. In order that all the peoples of the earth may know that the Lord alone is God, there is no other (I Kings 8:59-60).", "", "Full kaddish" ], "First Day of Sukkot": [ "For Your sake, our God, please save; for Your sake, our Creator, please save!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, please save; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save!", "", "For the sake of Your truth; for the sake of Your covenant; for the sake of Your greatness; for the sake of Your doctrine; for the sake of Your majesty; for the sake of Your assembly; for the sake of Your mention; for the sake of Your kindness; for the sake of Your goodness; for the sake of Your unity; for the sake of Your glory; for the sake of Your teaching; for the sake of Your kingdom; for the sake of Your eternity; for the sake of Your secret; for the sake of Your might; for the sake of Your splendor; for the sake of Your righteousness; for the sake of Your holiness; for the sake of Your great mercy; for the sake of Your Divine Presence, please save! For the sake of Your praise, please save! ", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "Like You saved the great ones from Lud (the son of Mitzrayim, Egypt's namesake) with You, when You went out to save Your people, so too please save!", "Like You saved 'a nation and its leaders' needing the salvation of God, so too please save!", "Like You saved many legions and, with them, hosts of angels, so too please save!", "Like You saved the pure ones from a house of bondage, [when] they subjugated the Compassionate One with their hands, so too please save!", "Like You saved the drowning ones in the depths of the shreds, [when] they were transporting Your glory with them, so too please save!", "Like You saved the base, singing (Exodus 13:40), \"and He saved,\" [when] the One bursting out was indicated as saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved [with] the statement (Exodus 6:6), \"and I will take you (etchem),\" [but] it is designated, 'and I will go out with you (itchem),' so too please save!", "Like You saved the ones that went around the altar, loaded with the willow to circle the altar, so too please save!", "Like You saved the wonders of the ark when it was sullied, He distraught Philistia with burning anger and it was saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved the congregations You sent to Babylonia, Merciful One, You [too] were sent for their sake, so too please save!", "You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please save! ", "Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - You are the God for the saved - so, so too please bring salvation!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "", "Deliver and bless Your people; tend them and sustain them forever (Psalms 28:9). And may these words of mine, which I have offered in supplication before the Lord, be close to the Lord our God day and night, that He may provide for His servant and for His people Israel, according to each day’s needs. In order that all the peoples of the earth may know that the Lord alone is God, there is no other (I Kings 8:59-60).", "", "Full kaddish" ], "Second Day of Sukkot": [ "For Your sake, our God, save us; for Your sake, our Creator, please save us!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, save us; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save us!", "", "When it comes out on Sunday:", "", "For the sake of Your truth; for the sake of Your covenant; for the sake of Your greatness; for the sake of Your doctrine; for the sake of Your majesty; for the sake of Your assembly; for the sake of Your mention; for the sake of Your kindness; for the sake of Your goodness; for the sake of Your unity; for the sake of Your glory; for the sake of Your teaching; for the sake of Your kingdom; for the sake of Your eternity; for the sake of Your secret; for the sake of Your might; for the sake of Your splendor; for the sake of Your righteousness; for the sake of Your holiness; for the sake of Your great mercy; for the sake of Your Divine Presence, please save us! For the sake of Your praise, please save!", "", "When it comes out on Tuesday, Wednesday or Friday:", "", "Foundation stone, chosen house, threshing floor of Ornan, hidden sanctuary, Mount Moriah, Mount of He is Seen, palace of Your splendor, residence of David, goodly ridge, beautifully placed, joy of all the earth, most beautiful bride, resting place of justice, place of Your dwelling, tranquil habitation, complete sukkah, pilgrimage of the tribes, precious corner, excellent Zion, holy of holies, inlaid with love, dwelling place of Your glory, please save! Hill of magnificence - please save! ", "", "After the saying of the Hoshanah designated for that day, we conclude with:", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "Like You saved the great ones in Lud (the son of Mitzrayim, Egypt's namesake) with You, when You went out to save Your people, so too please save!", "Like You saved 'a nation and its leaders' needing the salvation of God, so too please save!", "Like You saved many legions and, with them, hosts of angels, so too please save!", "Like You saved the pure ones from a house of bondage, [when] they subjugated the Compassionate One with their hands, so too please save!", "Like You saved the drowning ones in the depths of the shreds, [when] they were transporting Your glory with them, so too please save!", "Like You saved the base, singing (Exodus 13:40), \"and He saved,\" [when] the One bursting out was indicated as saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved [with] the statement (Exodus 6:6), \"and I will take you (etchem),\" [but] it is designated, 'and I will go out with you (itchem),' so too please save!", "Like You saved the ones that went around the altar, loaded with the willow to circle the altar, so too please save!", "Like You saved the wonders of the ark when it was sullied, He distraught Philistia with burning anger and it was saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved the congregations You sent to Babylonia, Merciful One, You [too] were sent for their sake, so too please save!", "You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please bring salvation! ", "Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - You are the God for the saved - so, so too please bring salvation!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "", "Deliver and bless Your people; tend them and sustain them forever (Psalms 28:9). And may these words of mine, which I have offered in supplication before the Lord, be close to the Lord our God day and night, that He may provide for His servant and for His people Israel, according to each day’s needs. In order that all the peoples of the earth may know that the Lord alone is God, there is no other (I Kings 8:59-60).", "", "Full kaddish" ], "Third Day of Sukkot": [ "For Your sake, our God, save us; for Your sake, our Creator, please save!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, save us; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save!", "", "I shall set up my prayer in the house of my prayer: I have revealed my rebellion on the fast (Yom Kippur); I sought You then to bring me salvation. Listen to the voice of my prayer, and arise and bring me salvation. My Savior, remember and have mercy. Living One, indeed make me rejoice; Goodly One, in groaning, answer me - may my Savior be quick. Destroy the one who does evil to me (Satan), so that he not continue to make me evil. Quickly, God of my salvation, eternally to save me. Please lift up the iniquity of my evil, pass over my rebellion; please turn to me to bring me salvation. Rock, my righteous Savior, please accept my prayer. Lift up the horn of my salvation; Omnipresent, my Savior, please save! Appear and bring me salvation, please save!", "", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "Like You saved the great ones from Lood (the son of Mitzrayim, Egypt's namesake) with You, when You went out to save Your people, so too please save!", "Like You saved 'a nation and its leaders' needing the salvation of God, so too please save!", "Like You saved many legions and, with them, hosts of angels, so too please save!", "Like You saved the pure ones from a house of bondage, [when] they subjugated the Compassionate One with their hands, so too please save!", "Like You saved the drowning ones in the depths of the shreds, [when] they were transporting Your glory with them, so too please save!", "Like You saved the base, singing (Exodus 13:40), \"and He saved,\" [when] the One bursting out was indicated as saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved [with] the statement (Exodus 6:6), \"and I will take you (etchem),\" [but] it is designated, 'and I will go out with you (itchem),' so too please save!", "Like You saved the ones that went around the altar, loaded with the willow to circle the altar, so too please save!", "Like You saved the wonders of the ark when it was sullied, He distraught Philistia with burning anger and it was saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved the congregations You sent to Babylonia, Merciful One, You [too] were sent for their sake, so too please save!", "You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please bring salvation! ", "Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - You are the God for the saved - so, so too please bring salvation!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "", "Deliver and bless Your people; tend them and sustain them forever (Psalms 28:9). And may these words of mine, which I have offered in supplication before the Lord, be close to the Lord our God day and night, that He may provide for His servant and for His people Israel, according to each day’s needs. In order that all the peoples of the earth may know that the Lord alone is God, there is no other (I Kings 8:59-60).", "", "Full kaddish" ], "Fourth Day of Sukkot": [ "For Your sake, our God, save us; for Your sake, our Creator, please save!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, save us; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save!", "", "When it falls out on Sunday:", "", "I shall set up my prayer in the house of my prayer: I have revealed my rebellion on the fast (Yom Kippur); I sought You then to save me. Listen to the voice of my prayer, and arise and bring me salvation. My Savior, remember and have mercy. Living One, indeed make me rejoice; Goodly One, in groaning, answer me - may my Savior be quick. Destroy the one who does evil to me (Satan), so that he not continue to make me evil. Quickly, God of my salvation, eternally to save me. Please lift up the iniquity of my evil, pass over my rebellion; please turn to me to bring me salvation. Rock, my righteous Savior, please accept my prayer. Lift up the horn of my salvation; Omnipresent, my Savior, please save! Appear and bring me salvation, please save!", "", "When it falls out on Tuesday:", "", "Foundation stone, chosen house, threshing floor of Ornan, hidden sanctuary, Mount Moriah, Mount of He is Seen, palace of Your splendor, residence of David, goodly ridge, beautifully placed, joy of all the earth, most beautiful bride, resting place of justice, place of Your dwelling, tranquil habitation, complete sukkah, pilgrimage of the tribes, precious corner, excellent Zion, holy of holies, inlaid with love, dwelling place of Your glory - please save! Hill of magnificence, please save!", "", "When it falls out on Thursday:", "", "The nation - 'I am a wall,' bright as the sun, exiled and turned away, compared to a date palm, the one killed for You and considered like sheep for slaughter; scattered among its angerers, hugging and clinging to You, seeking Your yoke, alone to unify You, trampled in the exile, studying Your awe, pulled of cheek, given to be paupers, bearing Your burden, ship in a storm, redeemed of Tuviah (Moses), holy sheep, congregations of Jacob, marked with Your name - roars, \"Please save!\" [They are] dependent upon You, please save!", "", "When it falls out on Friday:", "", "'God of salvations': ", "With four oaths, ", "they approach with prayers, ", "knock with the arrangement of prayers, ", "meditate upon the enjoyments (the Torah) ", "and enjoy their riddles; ", "they yell out for salvations, ", "those that await salvations", "with You in their prayers, ", "knowing the understanding of the hours,", "bending down in their prayers", "to understand the traditions", "that were heard from Your mouth", " - Giver of salvations - ", "recounters of heard things, ", "the ones that give over [the] testimony ", "- Doer of salvations, ", "Righteous One of salvation - ", "the town ( a different version: in the midst:) of salvation, ", "[with] emotional cheers", "[in] three hours, please save! ", "Be quick for salvations, please save!", "", "After saying the Hoshanah of that particular day, we conclude with:", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "Like You saved the great ones in Lud (the son of Mitzrayim, Egypt's namesake) with You, when You went out to save Your people, so too please save!", "Like You saved 'a nation and its leaders' needing the salvation of God, so too please save!", "Like You saved many legions and, with them, hosts of angels, so too please save!", "Like You saved the pure ones from a house of bondage, [when] they subjugated the Compassionate One with their hands, so too please save!", "Like You saved the drowning ones in the depths of the shreds, [when] they were transporting Your glory with them, so too please save!", "Like You saved the base, singing (Exodus 13:40), \"and He saved,\" [when] the One bursting out was indicated as saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved [with] the statement (Exodus 6:6), \"and I will take you (etchem),\" [but] it is designated, 'and I will go out with you (itchem),' so too please save!", "Like You saved the ones that went around the altar, loaded with the willow to circle the altar, so too please save!", "Like You saved the wonders of the ark when it was sullied, He distraught Philistia with burning anger and it was saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved the congregations You sent to Babylonia, Merciful One, You [too] were sent for their sake, so too please save!", "You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please bring salvation!", "Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - You are the God for the saved - so, so too please bring salvation!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "", "Deliver and bless Your people; tend them and sustain them forever (Psalms 28:9). And may these words of mine, which I have offered in supplication before the Lord, be close to the Lord our God day and night, that He may provide for His servant and for His people Israel, according to each day’s needs. In order that all the peoples of the earth may know that the Lord alone is God, there is no other (I Kings 8:59-60).", "", "Full Kaddish:" ], "Fifth Day of Sukkot": [ "For Your sake, our God, save us; for Your sake, our Creator, please save!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, save us; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save!", "", "'God of salvations': ", "With four oaths, ", "they approach with prayers, ", "knock with the arrangement of prayers, ", "meditate upon the enjoyments (the Torah) ", "and enjoy their riddles; ", "they yell out for salvations, ", "those that await salvations", "with You in their prayers, ", "knowing the understanding of the hours,", "bending down in their prayers", "to understand the traditions", "that were heard from Your mouth", " - Giver of salvations - ", "recounters of heard things, ", "the ones that give over [the] testimony ", "- Doer of salvations, ", "Righteous One of salvation - ", "the town ( a different version: in the midst:) of salvation, ", "[with] emotional cheers", "[in] three hours, please save! ", "Be quick for salvations, please save!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "Like You saved the great ones from Lood (the son of Mitzrayim, Egypt's namesake) with You, when You went out to save Your people, so too please save!", "Like You saved 'a nation and its leaders' needing the salvation of God, so too please save!", "Like You saved many legions and, with them, hosts of angels, so too please save!", "Like You saved the pure ones from a house of bondage, [when] they subjugated the Compassionate One with their hands, so too please save!", "Like You saved the drowning ones in the depths of the shreds, [when] they were transporting Your glory with them, so too please save!", "Like You saved the base, singing (Exodus 13:40), \"and He saved,\" [when] the One bursting out was indicated as saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved [with] the statement (Exodus 6:6), \"and I will take you (etchem),\" [but] it is designated, 'and I will go out with you (itchem),' so too please save!", "Like You saved the ones that went around the altar, loaded with the willow to circle the altar, so too please save!", "Like You saved the wonders of the ark when it was sullied, He distraught Philistia with burning anger and it was saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved the congregations You sent to Babylonia, Merciful One, You [too] were sent for their sake, so too please save!", "You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please bring salvation! ", "Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - You are the God for the saved - so, so too please bring salvation!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "", "Deliver and bless Your people; tend them and sustain them forever (Psalms 28:9). And may these words of mine, which I have offered in supplication before the Lord, be close to the Lord our God day and night, that He may provide for His servant and for His people Israel, according to each day’s needs. In order that all the peoples of the earth may know that the Lord alone is God, there is no other (I Kings 8:59-60).", "", "Full kaddish" ], "Sixth Day of Sukkot": [ "For Your sake, our God, save us; for Your sake, our Creator, please save!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, save us; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save!", "", "The Master who brings salvation:", "Without You there is no salvation, ", "mighty One and great in saving, ", "'I became indigent and He will bring me salvation,' ", "the saving God", "who rescues and brings salvation", " - bring salvation to those who cry to You; ", "bring salvation to those that wait for You, ", "to satiate your sheep,", "to give produce bountifully, ", "make every shrub grow, and bring salvation. ", "Do not do bad to the valley,", " sweeten the delicacies and bring salvation, ", "to carry the clouds, ", "to move the rains. ", "Restrain the clouds, ", "open the hand and satiate", " - satiate Your thirsty ones. ", "Bring salvation to those that call to You, ", "bring salvation to the ones You pity, ", "bring salvation to the ones who seek You, please save! ", "Bring salvation to Your blameless ones, please save!", "", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "Like You saved the great ones from Lood (the son of Mitzrayim, Egypt's namesake) with You, when You went out to save Your people, so too please save!", "Like You saved 'a nation and its leaders' needing the salvation of God, so too please save!", "Like You saved many legions and, with them, hosts of angels, so too please save!", "Like You saved the pure ones from a house of bondage, [when] they subjugated the Compassionate One with their hands, so too please save!", "Like You saved the drowning ones in the depths of the shreds, [when] they were transporting Your glory with them, so too please save!", "Like You saved the base, singing (Exodus 13:40), \"and He saved,\" [when] the One bursting out was indicated as saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved [with] the statement (Exodus 6:6), \"and I will take you (etchem),\" [but] it is designated, 'and I will go out with you (itchem),' so too please save!", "Like You saved the ones that went around the altar, loaded with the willow to circle the altar, so too please save!", "Like You saved the wonders of the ark when it was sullied, He distraught Philistia with burning anger and it was saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved the congregations You sent to Babylonia, Merciful One, You [too] were sent for their sake, so too please save!", "You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please bring salvation! ", "Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - You are the God for the saved - so, so too please bring salvation!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "", "Deliver and bless Your people; tend them and sustain them forever (Psalms 28:9). And may these words of mine, which I have offered in supplication before the Lord, be close to the Lord our God day and night, that He may provide for His servant and for His people Israel, according to each day’s needs. In order that all the peoples of the earth may know that the Lord alone is God, there is no other (I Kings 8:59-60).", "", "Full kaddish" ], "Hosha'ana Rabba": [ "For Your sake, our God, save us; for Your sake, our Creator, please save!", "For Your sake, our Redeemer, save us; for Your sake, our Seeker, please save!", "", "For the sake of Your truth; for the sake of Your covenant; for the sake of Your greatness and harmony; for the sake of Your doctrine; for the sake of Your majesty; for the sake of Your assembly; for the sake of Your mention; for the sake of Your kindness; for the sake of Your goodness; for the sake of Your unity; for the sake of Your glory; for the sake of Your teaching; for the sake of Your kingdom; for the sake of Your eternity; for the sake of Your secret; for the sake of Your might; for the sake of Your splendor; for the sake of Your righteousness; for the sake of Your holiness; for the sake of Your great mercy; for the sake of Your Divine Presence, please save! For the sake of Your praise, please save!", "", "On Hoshana Rabba, we add: For I have said, \"The world is built by love\" (Psalms 89:3).", "", "Foundation stone, chosen house, threshing floor of Ornan, hidden sanctuary, Mount Moriah, Mount of He is Seen, palace of Your splendor, residence of David, goodly ridge, beautifully placed, joy of all the earth, most beautiful bride, resting place of justice, place of Your dwelling, tranquil habitation, complete sukkah, pilgrimage of the tribes, precious corner, excellent Zion, holy of holies, inlaid with love, dwelling place of Your glory - please save! Hill of magnificence, please save!", "", "On Hoshana Rabba: Yours is an arm endowed with might; Your hand is strong; Your right arm, exalted (Psalms 89:14).", "", "The nation - 'I am a wall,' bright as the sun, exiled and turned away, compared to a date palm, the one killed for You and considered like sheep for slaughter; scattered among its angerers, hugging and clinging to You, seeking Your yoke, alone to unify You, trampled in the exile, studying Your awe, pulled of cheek, given to be paupers, bearing Your burden, ship in a storm, redeemed of Tuviah (Moses), holy sheep, congregations of Jacob, marked with Your name - roar, \"Please save!\" [They are] dependent upon You, please save!", "", "On Hoshana Rabba: You will give truth to Jacob, kindness to Abraham (Micah 7:20).", "", "The Master who brings salvation:", "Without You there is no salvation, ", "mighty One and great in saving, ", "'I became indigent and He will bring me salvation,' ", "the saving God", "who rescues and brings salvation", " - bring salvation to those who cry to You; ", "bring salvation to those that wait for You, ", "to satiate your sheep,", "to give produce bountifully, ", "make every shrub grow, and bring salvation. ", "Do not do bad to the valley,", " sweeten the delicacies and bring salvation, ", "to carry the clouds, ", "to move the rains. ", "Restrain the clouds, ", "open the hand and satiate", " - satiate Your thirsty ones. ", "Bring salvation to those that call to You, ", "bring salvation to the ones You pity, ", "bring salvation to the ones who seek You, please save! ", "Bring salvation to Your blameless ones, please save!", "", "On Hoshana Rabba: In your right are are pleasures for evermore. (Psalms 16:11)", "......", "Man and beast - flesh and spirit and soul; tendon, bone and membrane. Appearance and image and mesh; 'majesty compared to a breath' - 'and he is like the beasts that perish' - radiance, form and stature. [Effect] the renewal of the face of the ground, the planting of desolate trees, wine-presses and grain, vineyards and sycamores for marked ground, strong rains for healing - invigorating the despoiled - raising plants, strengthening delicacies, establishing flowers, raining [on] vegetation, flowing cold waters, dressing drops, raising drink - please save. [It is] suspended over emptiness, please save....", "......", "And we add: O Lord, our Lord, How majestic is Your name throughout the earth, You who have covered the heavens with Your splendor (Psalms 8:2).", "", "The ground from malediction, beasts from miscarriage, the threshing floor from locusts and food from confusion; olive trees from shedding, wheat from grasshoppers, fare from insects, wine vats from locusts, vineyards from worms, aftergrowth from grasshoppers, delights from locusts, life from confusion, satiation from insects, flocks from poverty, cows from blight, sheep from destruction, harvest from curse, plentitude from gauntness, stalks from parchedness - please save! The produce from locusts, please save!", "", "And we add: The Lord is beneficent in all His ways and faithful in all His works (Psalms 145:17).", "", "For the sake of the great one thrown into the heart of the fire, ", "for the sake of the son bound upon woods and fire, ", "for the sake of the strong one who fought with a prince of fire, ", "for the sake of the formations that You led with a pyre and a cloud of fire, ", "for the sake of the one who was brought up to the heights and went up like the angels of fire,", "for the sake of the one who was for You like an assistant among the angels of fire, ", "for the sake of the gift of the statements that were given in fire, ", "for the sake of that which was covered by curtains and a cloud of fire, ", "for the sake of the ceremony of the mountain upon which You came down in fire, ", "for the sake of the friendship of the House that You loved beyond the Heavens of fire, ", "for the sake of the one who yearned until the setting of the fire,", "for the sake of the one who took a pan of fire and removed the anger of fire, ", "for the sake of the one zealous with a great zealotry of fire, ", "for the sake of the one who waved his hand and came down stones of fire, ", "for the sake of the one who made the nursing lamb be consumed with fire, ", "for the sake of the one who stood in the threshing floor and was answered with fire, ", "for the sake of the one who prayed in the courtyard and down came the fire, ", "for the sake of the messenger that arose and was carried up by a chariot and horses of fire, ", "for the sake of the holy ones that were flung into the fire, ", "for the sake of the one who saw myriads and myriads and rivers of fire, ", "for the sake of the desolation of Your city that was burnt down with fire, ", "", "for the sake of of the offspring of the clans of Judah who You will make like a brazier of fire!", "", "Yours, Lord, are greatness, might, splendor, triumph, and majesty, for all that is in heaven and on earth [is Yours] ; to You, Lord, belong kingship and preeminence above all (I Chronicles 29:11). And the Lord shall be king over all the earth; on that day the Lord shall be One, and his name One (Zechariah 14:9). And it is written in Your Torah, saying (Deuteronomy 6:4), \"Hear Israel, the Lord is our God, the Lord is One\" - blessed be the Name of His glorious kingdom forever and ever.", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!", "", "Like You saved the great ones from Lood (the son of Mitzrayim, Egypt's namesake) with You, when You went out to save Your people, so too please save!", "Like You saved 'a nation and its leaders' needing the salvation of God, so too please save!", "Like You saved many legions and, with them, hosts of angels, so too please save!", "Like You saved the pure ones from a house of bondage, [when] they subjugated the Compassionate One with their hands, so too please save!", "Like You saved the drowning ones in the depths of the shreds, [when] they were transporting Your glory with them, so too please save!", "Like You saved the base, singing (Exodus 13:40), \"and He saved,\" [when] the One bursting out was indicated as saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved [with] the statement (Exodus 6:6), \"and I will take you (etchem),\" [but] it is designated, 'and I will go out with you (itchem),' so too please save!", "Like You saved the ones that went around the altar, loaded with the willow to circle the altar, so too please save!", "Like You saved the wonders of the ark when it was sullied, He distraught Philistia with burning anger and it was saved, so too please save!", "Like You saved the congregations You sent to Babylonia, Merciful One, You [too] were sent for their sake, so too please save!", "You saved the return of the tribes of Jacob - return and bring back the return of the tents of Jacob and, so too, please bring salvation! ", "Like You saved the keepers of the commandments and those awaiting salvations - You are the God for the saved - so, so too please bring salvation!", "", "Ani Vaho, please bring salvation!" ] } }, "Chanukah": { "Service for Lighting Chanukah Candles": { "Blessings on Chanukah Candles": [ "Before lighting, we bless:", "Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe", "who has sanctified us with His commandments and commanded us to light the Chanukah candles.", "Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe", "who made miracles for our ancestors in their days in this season.", "", "On the first night:", "Blessed are You, Lord our God, King of the universe", "who has kept us alive, sustained us, and brought us to this season. " ], "Hanerot Hallalu": [ "We kindle these lights on account of the miracles, the deliverances and the wonders which thou didst work for our fathers, by means of thy holy priests. During all the eight days of Chanukah these lights are sacred, neither is it permitted us to make any profane use of them; but we are only to look at them, in order that we may give thanks unto thy name for thy miracles, thy deliverances and thy wonders." ], "Maoz Tzur": [ "O Fortress, Rock of my salvation, unto thee it is becoming to give praise:", "let my house of prayer be restored, and I will there offer thee thanksgivings", "when thou shalt have prepared a slaughter of the blaspheming foe,", "I will complete with song and psalm the dedication of the altar.", "", "Full sated was my soul with ills, my strength was spent with sorrow;", "they embittered my life by hardship during my subjection to the dominion of Egypt,*The kingdom of the heifer,\" see Jeremiah 46:20.", "but God with his great power brought forth the chosen race,", "while the host of Pharaoh and all his seed sank like a stone into the deep.", "", "To his holy oracle he brought me, yet there also I found no peace,", "for the oppressor came and led me captive, because I had served strange gods:", "I had to quaff the wine of bewilderment; well nigh had I perished,", "when Babylon's end drew near; through Zerubbabel I was saved after seventy years.", "", "The Agagite (Haman), the son of Hammedatha, sought to cut down the lofty fir tree (Mordecai)*See Talmud Babli, Tr. Megillah, 10b.;", "but his design became a snare to himself, and his pride was brought to an end.", "The head of the Benjamite thou didst exalt, but the enemy's name thou Midst blot out:", "the many sons he had gotten thou didst hang upon the gallows.", "", "The Grecians were gathered against me in the days of the Hasmoneans;", "they broke down the walls of my towers, and defiled all the oils;", "but from one of the last remaining flasks a miracle was wrought for thy beloved*Likened to a lily in Song of Solomon 2:2.,", "and their men of understanding appointed these eight days for song and praises.", "", "Bare Your holy arm and hasten the End of salvation –", "Avenge the vengeance of Your servants’ blood from the wicked nation.", "For the time has delayed and there is no end to the days of evil,", "Push away the Red One in the lowest shadow and establish for us the seven shepherds." ] } }, "Selichot": { "Fast of Gedalia": [], "Ten of Tevet": [ "1. Forgive us, our Parent, because we made our mistakes through the multitude of our confusions. Forgive us, our Ruler, because our evil deeds are too many. ", "2. You are a patient God, and you are called Master of Mercy. You taught us the path of repentance. Remember how great your mercy and your kindness are, today and every day, for the offspring of your dear one. Turn to us mercifully, because you are Master of Mercy. We will approach your presence with pleas and prayer, as you instructed the Humble One (Moses) in ancient times. Turn back from your hot anger, as it is written in your Torah. We will shelter and rest in the shadow of your wings, as on the day of, \"and God descended in a cloud.\" Pass over iniquity, erase guilt, as on the day of, \"and he stood with Him there.\" Listen to our cries, and hear what we say, as on the day of, \"and he called out in the name of God,\" when it says: ", "3. \"And God passed before him and called out:", "4. \"God, God, Divine, Merciful, Generous, Patient, Abundantly kind and true, Preserver of kindness for thousands, Tolerator of evil deeds, wickedness, sin, and Cleanser.\" Forgive our evil deeds and our sins, and take us as your own. Forgive us, our Parent, because we have sinned. Forgive us our Ruler, because we have violated. Because you are Adonai- good, forgiving, and abundantly kind to all who call You. ", "5. Because kindness is with God, and rescue is plentiful with Him. God, rescue Israel from all its distress. He will rescue Israel from all its evil deeds. God saves the lives of His servants, and those who take shelter in Him will not be found guilty. ", "6. Like a parent has mercy on children- that is how You should have mercy on us, God. Salvation is God's, Your blessing is forever on Your nation. God of Multitudes is with us, the God of Jacob is our refuge forever. God of Multitudes, how lucky is a human who trusts in You. God, save! The Ruler will answer us on the day we call. ", "7. The leader says-", "8. Please forgive the evil deeds of this nation, matching the magnitude of Your kindness, and the way You have carried this nation from Egypt to here. There it is said, ", "9. The congregation says- ", "10. \"God said, \"I have forgiven, on your terms.\"", "11. Tilt your ear, my God, and hear; open your eyes and see our ruins, and the city called by Your name. We throw our pleas before You not because of our righteousness, but because of Your abundant mercy. God, hear. God, forgive. God, listen and act. Do not delay, for Your own sake, because Your name is called over Your city and Your nation.", "12. Selicha organized alphabetically, with the author's name \"Yosef\" at the end", "13. Our God, and God of our ancestors:", "14. I will describe the distress that calls me. He hit me with three blows this month. He cut me down, prevented me, hit me. Even now, He wears me out. He depressed me on the Eighth, right and left. Did I not establish fasts on all three of the days? And the Greek king forced me to write my religion in Greek. \"Those who plow use my back to plow, they make the furrow long.\" I fumed on the Ninth with deep-dug shame. He removed from me the cloak of glory and alacrity. The one who had said beautiful words was torn apart on that day. This was Ezra the Scribe. (Ezekiel) Ben Buzi the Visionary was commanded about the Tenth day. He wrote for You in his book of visions. For a remembrance for a nation who is melted and disgraced. \"This very day.\" The count of the monthly calendar was awakened against me. I stretch out my mouth with dirges and wailing. The order of the tragedies will burn in my heart. When \"the refugee came to me saying the city had been hit.\" About these, I throw dirt on my face. I have been wounded by these four things- if only I had shot an arrow into my heart! In distress over these, I dig myself a grave. \"God is justified, because I transgressed his word.\" I called Your name, the One comforted about my evil doings. See my suffering, hear the voice of my supplication. Listen to my pleas, quicken my salvation. \"Do not shut your ear to my cry for ease, to my appeal.\" In the month of Tevet I was very hard-hit. The order of its celestial paths were changed against me. I rebelled, I violated, but let Him reveal His goodness to me. The One who tells the sea, \"You may come up until here.\" ", "15. God, Ruler, who sits on a throne of mercy, who behaves piously, who forgives the sins of his nation, passing the first one first, who has abundant forgiveness to sinners, who acts justly with everything flesh and spirit, You will not repay them in accordance with their evil. God, you taught us to say the Thirteen, so remember for us today the covenant of the Thirteen, as you informed the Humble One (Moses) in ancient times as it is written, \"and God descended in a cloud and he stood with Him there, and he called out in the name of God,\" ", "16. \"And God passed before him and called out:", "17. \"God, God, Divine, Merciful, Generous, Patient, Abundantly kind and true, Preserver of kindness for thousands, Tolerator of evil deeds, wickedness, sin, and Cleanser.\" Forgive our evil deeds and our sins, and take us as your own. Forgive us, our Parent, because we have sinned. Forgive us our Ruler, because we have violated. Because you are Adonai- good, forgiving, and abundantly kind to all who call You. ", "18. God, nations have come into your possession, contaminated your holy Palace, and given over Jerusalem to those in poverty. God, wicked ones have risen up against us, and a congregation of strident ones seek to kill us, and nothing is available to oppose them. ", "19. Like a parent has mercy on children- that is how You should have mercy on us, God. Salvation is God's, Your blessing is forever on Your nation. God of Multitudes is with us, the God of Jacob is our refuge forever. God of Multitudes, how lucky is a human who trusts in You. God, save! The Ruler will answer us on the day we call. ", "20. Selicha organized alphabetically, with the name of the author Abraham Bar Menachem Chazak", "21. Our God, and God of our ancestors: ", "22. The upper stone has turned into heaps to be plowed, and those who possess the inheritance have turned into the chief wanderers among the nations. Inside me, my heart hurts, injured and depressed, as we are left with no parent, become like orphans. Soft and dainty, surrounded by roses, but now she moans, given over to the opponent. She was like a widow, the faithful city, with innumerable children, who have been sold for no money. Dainty and soft, rising to royalty, whose suffering has extended for many years and days. The House of Jacob is plundered, boldly mocked, the joyful city belongs to those planting vineyards. Her thirst was satisfied with poison, in the hand of the evil people, the one as desirable as an olah-offering and as the spiced incense. She rejected and abandoned the Torah of my abandoning parent, and could not find rest during night or day. Mighty, Ultimate God, issue a proclamation commanding a return for Zion's fight, a year of repayment. \"Restore our days like in antiquity,\" answer, ancient God, and whiten the red like fleece, stains like snow. Strengthen us with fear of You, and with observance of your Torah, and remember us with your salvation, God, full of mercy. ", "23. God, Ruler, who sits on a throne of mercy, who behaves piously, who forgives the sins of his nation, passing the first one first, who has abundant forgiveness to sinners, who acts justly with everything flesh and spirit, You will not repay them in accordance with their evil. God, you taught us to say the Thirteen, so remember for us today the covenant of the Thirteen, as you informed the Humble One (Moses) in ancient times as it is written, \"and God descended in a cloud and he stood with Him there, and he called out in the name of God,\" ", "16. \"And God passed before him and called out:", "17. \"God, God, Divine, Merciful, Generous, Patient, Abundantly kind and true, Preserver of kindness for thousands, Tolerator of evil deeds, wickedness, sin, and Cleanser.\" Forgive our evil deeds and our sins, and take us as your own. Forgive us, our Parent, because we have sinned. Forgive us our Ruler, because we have violated. Because you are Adonai- good, forgiving, and abundantly kind to all who call You. ", "26. Pizmon organized with the author's name at the beginning of each stanza, Abraham Isaac Ephraim Chazak", "27. When my ancestors trusted in the name of my Divine refuge, they grew and succeeded and produced fruit. But from the time that they were pushed out and acted nonchalant with Him, they were \"lessening continuously until the tenth month.\" On the Tenth of the month, the Babylonian king neared, and laid siege to the holy city, and the Captain came close, I was given to be crushed and was tortured in shackles, and every month my music turned to mourning. ", "28. The earliest firstborn was the first to be destroyed. She mentioned the name of others, and that sin caused this. She did not recognize My presence, and she was swept up in the stream. She labored like she was birthing her firstborn \"at the time she lifted off to great heights.\"", "29. God brought a day of evil and constriction. He commanded my enemies around me to pick off my infants. That day my heart softened and I had no strength to stop it, and He spoke to the prophet, \"Tell a parable to the House of Rebellion.\"", "30. He removed the mantle from those sitting at the gates. He burned his anger like fire and he lifted the crown, and threw the glory off of the Forest of Lebanon, and a stormy wind runs down the hairs of my flesh like nails. ", "31. You were called the most beautiful, and now you are burnt. You stumbled in sin and your heart went backward. They tailed you and made you stumble, the first and second times, and you were never bandaged with a \"little balm.\"", "32. The faultless Refuge is justified, bearing the sin of the worn-out one. He flew from the cherub to the threshold, to the corner of the roof, because of the stain of sin, and their screams arrived. Their evil was as abundant as a tree producing fruit. ", "33. The One who plans narratives strengthened all my opponents, because my days of doing evil were completed. I forgot about the repayment for my embarrassing youth, \"who gives me my bread, my water, my linen and my wool.\" ", "My opponents stretched open their mouths and swallowed my possession. They were much more powerful than me, and they drank and distorted my blood. Strangers oppressed me and did evil to my brothers, \"the ones who say Destroy, Destroy,\" the children of Seir the Horite. ", "They said, \"Let's go destroy them and end their memory.\" Jealous, vengeful God, repay them, make them carry their destruction. Pay them in accordance with their deeds, make them too ashamed to hope, like a man dreaming a dream about three baskets of bread. ", "My wound was not dressed, my murderous injury. My eye is darkened, scouting for my brightly colored Beloved. Has he not forgotten his anger forever? \"Why has He acted this way, what is this anger?\"", "37. The Merciful One, my God, do not abandon forever. My days of mourning have lasted a long time, and my heart is still sighing. God, return to my tent, do not give up your place. Pay back the days of my mourning when you come to reward me. ", "God, my given portion, sense my need for help. Open up my sackcloth, to dress me with joy instead. Bring my darkness to be lit up by your light, the breath of my desire, because you are my flame. ", "39. Save my life from suffering and sighs, give rest to your nation, my Ruler, my Holy One. Reverse the fast of the Fifth month to be a respite, the fasts of the Fourth and Tenth to be rejoicing and happiness. " ], "Fast of Esther": [], "Seventeen of Tamuz": [], "Yom Kippur Katan": [], "BaHaB": [] } }, "Berachot": { "Birkat HaMazon": [ "Psalm 137 is recited before Birkas Hamazon on weekdays in memory of the destruction of the Beis Hamikdash:", "By the rivers of Babylon, there we sat and we also wept, when we remembered Zion. Upon the willows in its midst, we hung our harps. For there our captors demanded of us words of song, and our tormentors asked of us [with] mirth; Sing to us from the song[s] of Zion. How shall we sing the song of Adonoy on alien soil? If I ever forget you, Jerusalem, may my right hand forget [its movement]. May my tongue cleave to my palate, if I remember you not; if I set not Jerusalem above my highest joy. Remember, Adonoy, to the sons of Edom the day of Jerusalem, [it was they] who said, Raze it, raze it to its very foundation. Daughter of Babylon, you are the annihilated one; fortunate is he who will repay you for all you have done to us. Fortunate is he who will take and dash your little ones against the rock.", "Psalm 126 is recited on Shabbos, Yom Tov and other festive occasions such as weddings, circumcisions or redemption of the first born.", "A Song of Ascents. When Adonoy brings about the return to Zion we will have been like dreamers.1Upon the redemption and return to Zion, the harshness of the exile will seem to the Jews like a terrible dream.—Radak
The splendor of the return to Zion will be like the realization of an impossible dream.—Seporno
Then will our mouths be filled with laughter,2In the Talmud (Maseches Berachos 31a) Rabbi Shimon bar Yochai rules that a Jew is forbidden to fill his mouth with laughter in this world until the time comes when all nations declare: “Adonoy has done great things for them”—as the verse states: אז ימלא שחוק פינו, then: only then, when God’s love for us is universally recognized, may we experience total exultation. and our tongue with joyous song. Then will they say among the nations: ‘Adonoy has done great things for them.’ Adonoy had done great things for us; we will [then] rejoice. Adonoy! bring back our exiles like springs in the desert.3Just as springs of water can transform an arid desert into a fertile oasis, so will we be transformed, and flourish when God delivers us from exile.—Rashi Those who sow in tears will reap with joyous song.4A person who plants in desert-like soil is always fearful that his crops will not grow. If a spring of water should suddenly appear on his land, his joy will know no bounds. So great will our joy be at the ultimate redemption that will follow the oppression of exile.—Radak [Though] he walks along weeping, carrying the bag of seed, he will return with joyous song carrying his sheaves.", "When three or more males, aged 13 or older eat together one of them leads the group in reciting the Birkas Hamazon.", "The leader begins by saying:", "“Gentlemen, let us say the blessing:", "The others respond:", "The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.", "The leader repeats:", "“The Name of Adonoy will be blessed from now forever.”", "The leader continues: (the words “our God” are substituted for “Him” and “He” if ten males are in the group):", "“With your permission our masters and teachers, Let us bless (our God,) Him, for we have eaten of His bounty.”", "The others respond accordingly:", "Blessed is (our God) He for we have eaten of His bounty and through His goodness we live.", "One who did not eat, responds:", "Blessed is (our God) He, and His Name constantly, forever and ever.", "The leader repeats:", "“Blessed is (our God) He for we have eaten of His bounty and through His goodness we live.”", "Some add: Blessed is He and blessed is His Name.", "FIRST BERACHA", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who nourishes the entire world with His goodness, with favor, with kindness, and with mercy.5The righteous find favor in the eyes of God and are nourished because of their merit. Those who are not so worthy and do not find favor, are provided for through God’s beneficent kindness; while even the least worthy are recipients of God’s mercy.Maharal in Nesivos Olom He provides food for all flesh,6This citation from Psalms 136:25 indicates that God’s kindness and compassion are universal, relating to all flesh, including animals.—Avudraham. for His kindness endures forever. And through His great goodness, we have never lacked and we will not lack food forever and ever, for the sake of His great Name. For He is Almighty Who nourishes7“Nourishes” refers to food, “maintains” refers to clothing and “does good” refers to shelter. These are the basic needs of man, all of which God provides.—Etz Yosef and maintains all, does good to all, and prepares nourishment for all His creatures which He has created. Blessed are You, Adonoy Who nourishes all.8The first blessing of the Birkas Hamazon was composed by Moses in appreciation for the manna which God provided for the Jews in the desert. The second blessing, beginning with “Let us thank You,” was composed by Joshua in gratitude for the privilege of entering the Promised Land. The third blessing, beginning with “Have mercy,” was composed by David who conquered Jerusalem, and by Solomon who built the Temple. The fourth blessing “Who is good and beneficent to all” was composed by Rabban Gamliel the Elder and his court in Yavneh in gratitude to God for preserving the bodies of the victims of the Roman massacre at Betar, and for being enabled to bring them to proper burial.—Maseches Berachos 48b", "SECOND BERACHA", "We thank You, Adonoy, our God, for Your parceling out as a heritage to our fathers, a land9The land is mentioned even before the Exodus from Egypt because God demonstrated His extraordinary concern for the Jewish people at the very beginning of their history; first by the promise He gave to the Patriarchs concerning the Land of Israel and then, with the fulfillment of that promise, once He redeemed them from Egypt to enter the Land.—S.R. Hirsch which is desirable, good, and spacious; for Your bringing us out, Adonoy, our God, from the land of Egypt, and redeeming us from the house of bondage; for Your covenant which You sealed in our flesh; for Your Torah10“Torah” refers to laws which are comprehensible to the human intellect; it is therefore taught. “Statutes” (חֻקִים) are beyond human understanding and are therefore merely made known to man, for man cannot comprehend them. Eyun Tefilloh which You taught us; for Your statutes which You made known to us; for the life, favor, and kindness which You granted us; and for the provision of food with which You nourish and maintain us constantly, every day, at all times and in every hour.", "On regular weekdays, continue, “For everything”. On Chanukah and Purim add עַל הַנִּסִּים. If you forgot to say עַל הַנִּסִּים, you may include it when you reach הָרַחֲמָן by saying: הָרַחֲמָן הוּא יַעֲשֶׂה־לָּנוּ נִסִים וְנִפְלָאוֹת כְּמוֹ שֶׁעָשָׂה לַאֲבוֹתֵינוּ בַּיָּמִים הָהֵם בַּזְּמַן הַזֶּה. and then continue on Chanukah with: בִּימֵי מַתִּתְיָהוּ, and on Purim with: בִּימֵי מָרְדְּכַי וְאֶסְתֵּר. If you reminded yourself before concluding the second blessing עַל הָאָרֶץ וְעַל הַמָּזוֹן, you may repeat it at that time and continue with the Birkas Hamazon.", "[We thank You] for the miracles for the redemption, for the mighty deeds, for the deliverances, for the wonders for the consolations and for the wars that You performed for our fathers in those days at this season.", "On Chanukah:", "In the days of Matisyahu, son of Yochanan the High Priest, the Hasmonean and his sons, when the evil Greek kingdom rose up against Your people Israel to make them forget Your Torah and to turn them away from the statutes of Your will— You, in Your abundant mercy, stood by them in their time of distress, You defended their cause, You judged their grievances, You avenged them. You delivered the mighty into the hands of the weak, many into the hands of the few, defiled people into the hands of the undefiled, the wicked into the hands of the righteous, and insolent [sinners] into the hands of diligent students of Your Torah. And You made Yourself a great and sanctified name in Your world. And for Your people, Israel, You performed a great deliverance and redemption unto this very day. Afterwards, Your sons entered the Holy of Holies of Your Abode, cleaned Your Temple, purified Your Sanctuary, and kindled lights in the Courtyards of Your Sanctuary, and designated these eight days of Chanukah to thank and praise Your great Name.", "On Purim:", "In the days of Mordechai and Esther in Shushan the Capital [of Persia], when the evil Haman rose up against them, he sought to destroy, to kill, and to annihilate all the Jews, young and old, infants and women, in one day, the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, which is the month of Adar, and to plunder their wealth And You, in Your abundant mercy, annulled his counsel, frustrated his intention, and brought his evil plan upon his own head, and they hanged him and his sons upon the gallows.", "For everything Adonoy, our God, We thank You and bless You. Blessed be Your Name through the mouth of all the living, constantly, forever, as it is written: When You have eaten and are satisfied, You will bless Adonoy, your God, for the good land which He has given to you.11Deuteronomy 8:10 Blessed are You, Adonoy, for the land and for the food.", "THIRD BERACHA", "Have compassion, Adonoy, our God, on Israel, Your people, on Jerusalem, Your city, on Zion, the dwelling place of Your glory, on the kingship of the house of David, Your anointed; and on the great and holy House upon which Your Name is called. Our God, our Father tend us, nourish us,12“Tend us” by providing the basic necessities of life such as bread and water; “nourish” us with an enriched diet including foods such as fruits and vegetables.—Etz Yosef maintain us, sustain us, relieve us13“Maintain us” with food and shelter; “sustain us” by providing our needs on a regular basis, not on a feast or famine cycle; and “relieve us” by giving us ample means to live comfortably.—Etz Yosef and grant us relief Adonoy, our God, speedily from all our troubles. Adonoy, our God—may we never be in need of the gifts of men nor of their loans, but only of Your hand which is full, open, holy and generous, so that we may not be shamed nor humiliated14May we not be “ashamed” in this world due to poverty and may we not be “humiliated” in the World-to-Come, because of our transgressions. Poverty often brings shame which in turn might cause a person to lose faith.—Etz Yosef forever and ever.", "On regular weekdays, continue, “Rebuild”. On Shabbos add:", "May it please You, to strengthen us Adonoy, our God, through Your commandments, and through the commandment of the seventh day, this great and holy Sabbath. For this day is great and holy before You, to refrain from work on it and to rest on it with love, as ordained by Your will. And by Your will, grant us repose Adonoy, our God, that there be no distress, sorrow, or sighing on the day of our rest.15Even though prayers for personal needs are not recited on Shabbos, this particular prayer does contain such a request, because it is so closely interwoven with the commandment to rest on Shabbos. Since we are commanded to make Shabbos a day of sacred rest, we ask that our repose not be desecrated by distress or misfortune.—Avudraham Show us Adonoy, our God, the consolation of Zion, Your city, and the rebuilding of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary, for You are the Master of deliverance and the Master of consolation.", "On Rosh Chodesh and Yom Tov add:", "Our God and God of our fathers, may there ascend, come, and reach, appear, be desired, and heard, counted and recalled our remembrance and reckoning; the remembrance of our fathers; the remembrance of the Messiah the son of David, Your servant; the remembrance of Jerusalem, city of Your Sanctuary; and the remembrance of Your entire people, the House of Israel, before You for survival, for well-being, for favor, kindliness, compassion, for life and peace on this day of:", "Rosh Chodesh", "the Festival of Matzos", "", "the Festival of Sukkos", "the Festival of Shmini Atseres", "Remembrance", "", "Remember us Adonoy, our God, on this day for well-being; be mindful of us on this day for blessing, and deliver us for life. In accord with the promise of deliverance and compassion, spare us and favor us, have compassion on us and deliver us; for to You our eyes are directed because You are the Almighty Who is King, Gracious, and Merciful.", "If you forgot to say רְצֵה or יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא and became aware of it before starting the fourth blessing (הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב), or even if you are in doubt, see below for the appropriate blessing. If you reminded yourself after you had already begun the fourth blessing and have said: בָּרוּךְ אַתָּה ה', then you must repeat the entire Birkas Hamazon. These laws apply only to Shabbos, and the Festival days of Pesach, Shavuos and Sukkos. On Chol Ha-Moed or on Rosh Chodesh days that do not fall on Shabbos, you need not repeat the Birkas Hamazon even though you began the blessing of הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.", "Rebuild Jerusalem, city of the Holy Sanctuary, speedily, in our days. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Builder of Jerusalem in His mercy. Amein.16It is unusual for one to answer Amein after his own blessing. This blessing ends with Amein because it marks the end of the three blessings, authority for which is derived from Deuteronomy (8:10) and separates them from the next blessing which is Rabbinic in origin.—Maseches Berachos 45b", "FOURTH BERACHA", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, the Almighty, our Father, our King, our Mighty One, our Creator, our Redeemer, our Maker, our Holy One, Holy One of Jacob, our Shepherd, Shepherd of Israel, the King, Who is good and beneficent to all. Every single day He has done good, does good, and will do good to us. He has rewarded us, He rewards us, He will reward us forever with favor, kindness, and compassion, relief, rescue, and success, blessing, deliverance, and consolation, maintenance, sustenance, compassion, life, peace, and everything good; and of all good things may He never deprive us.17Many people are granted the bounties of life but are unable to enjoy them. We first invoke God’s blessing for all the good things in life and then ask Him to grant us the privilege of enjoying them.—Iyun Tefilloh.", "The Merciful One will reign over us forever and ever.", "The Merciful One will be blessed in heaven and on earth.", "The Merciful One will be praised for all generations, He will be glorified through us forever and for all eternity; and He will be honored through us for time everlasting.", "May the Merciful One maintain us with honor.", "The Merciful One will break the yoke (of oppression) from our necks and lead us upright to our land.", "May the Merciful One send us abundant blessing to this house, and upon this table at which we have eaten.", "The Merciful One will send us Elijah the prophet, who is remembered for good, who will announce to us good tidings, deliverances, and consolations.", "When eating at your parents’ table, say:", "May the Merciful One bless my father, my teacher, the master of this house, and my mother, my teacher, the mistress of this house; them, their household, their children and all that is theirs.", "When eating at your own table, say:", "May the Merciful One bless me, my spouse, my children, and all that is mine;", "Ours and all that is ours— just as our forefathers were blessed— Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob— In all things,19Abraham was blessed “in all things.” Genesis 24:1 “From everything,”20Isaac said: “I have partaken from everything.” Genesis 27:33 and “With everything”;21Jacob said: “I have everything.” Genesis 33:11 so may He bless us, all of us together, with a perfect blessing and let us say Amein.", "A guest says:", "May18This blessing is quoted from the talmud (Maseches Berachos 46a). It has been omitted in most Siddurim. The Mishnah Berura (201:5) takes issue with its omission. We have incorporated it in this edition. it be God’s will that the host should not be shamed and not humiliated not in this world nor in the World to Come. And he will be successful with all his possessions. May his properties prosper and be located close to town. May no evil force have power over his endeavors. May no opportunity present itself before him any matter of sin, nor thought of iniquity from now forever.", "From on high, may there be invoked upon them and upon us, [the] merit to insure peace, And may we receive a blessing from Adonoy, and kindness from the God of our deliverance; and may we find favor and understanding in the eyes of God and man.", "On Shabbos say:", "May the Merciful One let us inherit the day which will be completely Shabbos and rest, for life everlasting.", "On Rosh Chodesh say:", "May the Merciful One renew for us this month for good and for blessing.", "On Yom Tov say:", "May the Merciful One let us inherit that day which is completely good.", "On Rosh Hashono say:", "May the Merciful One renew for us this year for good and for blessing.", "On Sukkos say:", "May the Merciful One raise up for us the fallen Tabernacle of David.", "May the Merciful One make us worthy of the days of the Messiah and life of the World to Come. He who gives great deliverance to His king, (On Shabbos and Yom Tov say: He who is a tower of deliverance to His king,22During weekdays when we feel the darkness of exile we say: “God gives deliverance to His king,” thus acknowledging His preparation for the time of redemption. On Shabbos and Yom Tov which are reminiscent of the time of the Messiah, when God will be a tower of deliverance, we state it as a fact.) and shows kindness to His anointed— to David and his descendants forever.23II Samuel 22:51 He Who makes peace in His high heavens may He make peace for us and for all Israel, and say, Amein.", "Fear Adonoy, [you] His holy ones, for those who fear Him suffer no deprivation. Young lions may feel want and hunger, but those who seek Adonoy, will not be deprived of any good thing.24Psalms 34:10-11 Give thanks to Adonoy, for He is good, for His kindness endures forever.25Psalms 136:1 You open Your hand and satisfy the desire of every living being.26Psalms 145:16 Blessed is the man who trusts in Adonoy, so that Adonoy is his security.27Jeremiah 17:7 I was young and I have grown old, yet I have never seen a righteous man forsaken, nor his children begging for bread.28Psalms 37:25 Adonoy will give strength to His people, Adonoy will bless His people with peace.29Psalms 29:11", "The following blessings are said in the event you forgot to say רְצֵה or יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא and reminded yourself before starting the fourth blessing, הַטּוֹב וְהַמֵּטִיב.", "If you forgot to say רְצֵה on Shabbos:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Shabbosos for rest to His people Israel with love for a sign and a covenant. Blessed are You Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Rosh Chodesh:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy King of the Universe, Who gave Rosh Chodesh days to His people Israel for remembrance.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Yom Tov:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Yomim Tovim to His people Israel for happiness and joy, this day of (name the Yom Tov). Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of Israel and the seasons.", "If a Yom Tov occurs on Shabbos and you forgot to say רְצֵה and יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Shabbosos for rest to His people Israel with love, for a sign and a covenant, and Yomim Tovim for happiness and joy, this day of (name the Yom Tov.) Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos, Israel, and the seasons.", "If you forgot to say יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא on Rosh Hashanah:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Festivals to His people Israel for remembrance.", "If Rosh Hashanah occurs on Shabbos and you forgot to say רְצֵה and יַעֲלֶה וְיָבֹא:", "Blessed are You, Adonoy our God, King of the Universe, Who gave Shabbosos for rest to His people Israel, with love for a sign and a covenant, and Yomim Tovim to Israel, for remembrance. Blessed are You, Adonoy, Sanctifier of Shabbos, Israel, and the Day of Remembrance." ], "Birkat Hanehenin": { "Eating": { "Barachot Rishonot": [ "Praised are You, Lord our God, Ruler of the universe, who made us holy with the Divine commandments and commanded us regarding the washing of hands.", "Praised are you, Lord our G-d, Ruler of the universe, who brings forth bread from the earth." ], "Brachot Achronot": { "Al Hamichyah": [], "Borei Nefashot": [] } }, "Blessings on Sights Sounds and Smells": [] }, "Birkhot Hamitzvot": [], "Asher Yatzar Etchem Badin": [], "Tefillat HaDerech": [ "May it be Your will, Eternal One, our God and the God of our ancestors, that You lead us toward peace, support our footsteps towards peace, guide us toward peace, and make us reach our desired destination, for life, joy, and peace. May You rescue us from the hand of every foe, ambush, bandits and wild animals along the way, and from all manner of punishments that assemble to come to Earth. May You send blessing in our every handiwork, and grant us peace, kindness, and mercy in your eyes and in the eyes of all who see us. May You hear the sound of our supplication, because You are the God who hears prayer and supplications. Blessed are You, Eternal One, who hears prayer. " ], "Havinenu": [ "(recite first three blessings of Amidah first, then say:) Grant us, Lord our God, understanding to know Thy ways,", "and open our hearts to Thy awe,", "and forgive us, so that we may be redeemed,", "and keep us far away from pain,", "and satisfy us with the pleasant produce of Thy earth,", "and gather our dispersed from the four (corners of the earth),", "judge those who stray from Thy opinion,", "and may Thy Hand be upon the wicked to humble them,", "and may the righteous rejoice over the rebuilding of Thy City", "and in the restoration of Thy Temple,", "and in the flowering pride of David Thy servant,", "and in the preparation of a lamp for the son of Jesse, Thy anointed Messiah,", "before we call, may You answer,", "Blessed art Thou, O Lord, Who hears prayer. (Continue with last three blessings of Amidah)" ] }, "Kaddish": { "Half Kaddish": [], "Mourner's Kaddish": [ "Mourner: Yitgadal v’yitkadash sh’mei raba: [cong. Amen.]", "Mourner: b’alma di-v’ra chirutei, v’yamlich malchutei b’chayeichon uvyomeichon uvchayei d’chol beit yisrael, ba’agala uvizman kariv, v’im’ru: “amen.” [cong. Amen.]", "Cong. and mourner: Y’hei sh’mei raba m’varach l’alam ul’almei almaya.", "Mourner: Yitbarach v’yishtabach, v’yitpa’ar v’yitromam v’yitnaseh, v’yithadar v’yit’aleh v’yit’halal sh’mei d’kud’sha, b’rich hu, [cong. b’rich hu.]", "Mourner: l’eila min-kol-birchata v’shirata, tushb’chata v’nechemata da’amiran b’alma, v’im’ru: “amen.” [cong. Amen.]", "Mourner: Y’hei shlama raba min-sh’maya v’chayim aleinu v’al-kol-yisrael, v’im’ru: “amen.” [cong. Amen.]", "Mourner: Oseh shalom bimromav, hu ya’aseh shalom aleinu v’al kol-yisrael, v’imru: “amen.” [cong. Amen.]" ], "Kaddish Shalem": [], "Kaddish d'Rabbanan": [], "Kaddish achar HaKevura": [], "Kaddish achar Hashlamat Meschet": [] } }, "versions": [ [ "The Standard Prayer Book, tr. by Simeon Singer, [1915]", "http://sacred-texts.com/jud/spb/spb41.htm" ], [ "Sefaria Community Translation", "https://www.sefaria.org" ], [ "Translation based on the Metsudah linear siddur, by Avrohom Davis, 1981", "https://www.nli.org.il/he/books/NNL_ALEPH002211687" ], [ "Sziddur Somér Jiszráél, translation by Rabbi Zsolt Balla [hu]", "https://juedische-liturgie.de/" ], [ "Mourner’s Kaddish in Aramaic Transliteration", "https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/text-of-the-mourners-kaddish/" ], [ "Siddur sha'ar zahav", "siddur" ], [ "Siddur on the Hill", "http://opensiddur.org/prayers-for/special-days/sabbath/kabbalat-shabbat/siddur-on-the-hill-adapted-by-aharon-varady/" ] ], "heTitle": "סידור אשכנז", "categories": [ "Liturgy", "Siddur" ], "schema": { "heTitle": "סידור אשכנז", "enTitle": "Siddur Ashkenaz", "key": "Siddur Ashkenaz", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ימי חול", "enTitle": "Weekday", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "תפילת שחרית", "enTitle": "Shacharit", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "הכנה לתפילה", "enTitle": "Preparatory Prayers", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "מודה אני", "enTitle": "Modeh Ani" }, { "heTitle": "נטילת ידים", "enTitle": "Netilat Yadayim" }, { "heTitle": "אשר יצר", "enTitle": "Asher Yatzar" }, { "heTitle": "אלהי נשמה", "enTitle": "Elokai Neshama" }, { "heTitle": "ציצית", "enTitle": "Tzitzit" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות התורה", "enTitle": "Torah Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "לימוד תורה", "enTitle": "Torah Study" }, { "heTitle": "טלית", "enTitle": "Tallit" }, { "heTitle": "תפילין", "enTitle": "Tefillin" }, { "heTitle": "מה טובו", "enTitle": "Ma Tovu" }, { "heTitle": "אדון עולם", "enTitle": "Adon Olam" }, { "heTitle": "יגדל", "enTitle": "Yigdal" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות השחר", "enTitle": "Morning Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "עקדה", "enTitle": "Akedah" }, { "heTitle": "עול מלכות שמים", "enTitle": "Sovereignty of Heaven" }, { "heTitle": "קרבנות", "enTitle": "Korbanot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "פרשת הכיור", "enTitle": "Kiyor" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת תרומת הדשן", "enTitle": "Terumat HaDeshen" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת קרבן תמיד", "enTitle": "Korban HaTamid" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת הקטורת", "enTitle": "Ketoret" }, { "heTitle": "סדר המערכה", "enTitle": "Order of the Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "דיני זבחים", "enTitle": "Laws of Sacrifices" }, { "heTitle": "ברייתא דרבי ישמעאל", "enTitle": "Baraita of Rabbi Yishmael" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש דרבנן", "enTitle": "Kaddish DeRabbanan" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "פסוקי דזמרה", "enTitle": "Pesukei Dezimra", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "מזמור שיר", "enTitle": "Introductory Psalm" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "ברוך שאמר", "enTitle": "Barukh She'amar" }, { "heTitle": "הודו", "enTitle": "Hodu" }, { "heTitle": "מזמור לתודה", "enTitle": "Mizmor Letoda" }, { "heTitle": "יהי כבוד", "enTitle": "Yehi Chevod" }, { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמו", "enTitle": "Psalm 146" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמז", "enTitle": "Psalm 147" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמח", "enTitle": "Psalm 148" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמט", "enTitle": "Psalm 149" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קנ", "enTitle": "Psalm 150" }, { "heTitle": "ברוך ה׳", "enTitle": "Closing Verses" }, { "heTitle": "ויברך דוד", "enTitle": "Vayevarech David" }, { "heTitle": "אתה הוא", "enTitle": "Ata Hu" }, { "heTitle": "אז ישיר", "enTitle": "Az Yashir" }, { "heTitle": "ישתבח", "enTitle": "Yishtabach" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קל", "enTitle": "Psalm 130" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכות קריאת שמע", "enTitle": "Blessings of the Shema", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכו", "enTitle": "Barchu" }, { "heTitle": "יוצר אור", "enTitle": "First Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "אהבת ישראל", "enTitle": "Second Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שמע", "enTitle": "Shema" }, { "heTitle": "גאל ישראל", "enTitle": "Blessing after Shema" } ] }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Patriarchs" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Divine Might" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Holiness of God" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Kedushah" }, { "heTitle": "דעת", "enTitle": "Knowledge" }, { "heTitle": "תשובה", "enTitle": "Repentance" }, { "heTitle": "סליחה", "enTitle": "Forgiveness" }, { "heTitle": "גאולה", "enTitle": "Redemption" }, { "heTitle": "רפואה", "enTitle": "Healing" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת השנים", "enTitle": "Prosperity" }, { "heTitle": "קבוץ גליות", "enTitle": "Gathering the Exiles" }, { "heTitle": "משפט", "enTitle": "Justice" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המינים", "enTitle": "Against Enemies" }, { "heTitle": "על הצדיקים", "enTitle": "The Righteous" }, { "heTitle": "בנין ירושלים", "enTitle": "Rebuilding Jerusalem" }, { "heTitle": "מלכות בית דוד", "enTitle": "Kingdom of David" }, { "heTitle": "שומע תפילה", "enTitle": "Response to Prayer" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת כוהנים", "enTitle": "Birkat Kohanim" }, { "heTitle": "שים שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלוהי נצור", "enTitle": "Concluding Passage" } ] }, { "heTitle": "אחר העמידה", "enTitle": "Post Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "וידוי וי\"ג מידות", "enTitle": "Vidui and 13 Middot" }, { "heTitle": "אבינו מלכנו", "enTitle": "Avinu Malkenu" }, { "heTitle": "תחנון", "enTitle": "Tachanun", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "והוא רחום", "enTitle": "For Monday and Thursday" }, { "heTitle": "נפילת אפיים", "enTitle": "Nefilat Apayim" }, { "heTitle": "ה אל׳ ישראל", "enTitle": "God of Israel" }, { "heTitle": "שומר ישראל", "enTitle": "Shomer Yisrael" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Torah Reading", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "הוצאת ספר תורה", "enTitle": "Removing the Torah from Ark", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אל ארך אפים", "enTitle": "El Erech Appayim" }, { "heTitle": "ויהי בנסוע", "enTitle": "Vayehi Binsoa" }, { "heTitle": "בריך שמה", "enTitle": "Berich Shmei" }, { "heTitle": "לך השם", "enTitle": "Lekha Hashem" }, { "heTitle": "אב הרחמים", "enTitle": "Av Harachamim" }, { "heTitle": "ותגלה ותראה", "enTitle": "Vetigaleh Veteraeh" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Reading from Sefer", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכת התורה", "enTitle": "Birkat Hatorah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת הגומל", "enTitle": "Birkat Hagomel" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "הגבהה", "enTitle": "Raising the Torah" }, { "heTitle": "יהי רצון", "enTitle": "Prayers for Welfare of the People" } ] }, { "heTitle": "הכנסת תפילה", "enTitle": "Returning Sefer to Aron", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "יהללו", "enTitle": "Yehalelu" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד מזמור", "enTitle": "LeDavid Mizmor" }, { "heTitle": "ובנוחה יאמר", "enTitle": "Uvenucho Yomar" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "סיום תפילה", "enTitle": "Concluding Prayers", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "למנצח", "enTitle": "Lamenatze'ach" }, { "heTitle": "ובא לציון", "enTitle": "Uva Letzion" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Alenu" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "שיר של יום", "enTitle": "Song of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "ברכי נפשי", "enTitle": "Barchi Nafshi" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד", "enTitle": "LeDavid" }, { "heTitle": "קרבנות", "enTitle": "Korbanot (Israel)", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אין כאלוהינו", "enTitle": "Ein Kelohenu" }, { "heTitle": "פטום קטורת", "enTitle": "Pitum HaKetoret" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום (**)", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "ברכו", "enTitle": "Barchu" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "תפילות נוספות", "enTitle": "Post Service", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "שש זכירות", "enTitle": "Six Remembrances" }, { "heTitle": "עשרת הדברות", "enTitle": "Ten Commandments" }, { "heTitle": "י\"ג עיקרי אמונה", "enTitle": "Thirteen Principles" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "תפילת מנחה", "enTitle": "Minchah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amida", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Patriarchs" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Divine Might" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Holiness of God" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Keduasha" }, { "heTitle": "דעת", "enTitle": "Knowledge" }, { "heTitle": "תשובה", "enTitle": "Repentance" }, { "heTitle": "סליחה", "enTitle": "Forgiveness" }, { "heTitle": "גאולה", "enTitle": "Redemption" }, { "heTitle": "רפואה", "enTitle": "Healing" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת השנים", "enTitle": "Prosperity" }, { "heTitle": "קבוץ גליות", "enTitle": "Gathering the Exiles" }, { "heTitle": "משפט", "enTitle": "Justice" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המינים", "enTitle": "Against Enemies" }, { "heTitle": "על הצדיקים", "enTitle": "The Righteous" }, { "heTitle": "בנין ירושלים", "enTitle": "Rebuilding Jerusalem" }, { "heTitle": "מלכות בית דוד", "enTitle": "Kingdom of David" }, { "heTitle": "שומע תפילה", "enTitle": "Response to Prayer" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת כוהנים", "enTitle": "Birkat Kohanim" }, { "heTitle": "שים שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלוהי נצור", "enTitle": "Concluding Passage" } ] }, { "heTitle": "אחר העמידה", "enTitle": "Post Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "וידוי וי\"ג המידות", "enTitle": "Vidui and 13 Middot" }, { "heTitle": "אבינו מלכנו", "enTitle": "Avinu Malkenu" }, { "heTitle": "תחנון", "enTitle": "Tachanun", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "נפילת אפים", "enTitle": "Nefilat Appayim" }, { "heTitle": "שומר ישראל", "enTitle": "Shomer Yisrael" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סיום תפילה", "enTitle": "Concluding Prayers", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Alenu" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "מעריב", "enTitle": "Maariv", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "והוא רחום", "enTitle": "Vehu Rachum" }, { "heTitle": "ברכו", "enTitle": "Barchu" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות קריאת שמע", "enTitle": "Blessings of the Shema", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "המעריב ערבים", "enTitle": "First Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "אהבת עולם", "enTitle": "Second Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שמע", "enTitle": "Shema" }, { "heTitle": "אמת ואמונה", "enTitle": "First Blessing after Shema" }, { "heTitle": "השכיבנו", "enTitle": "Second Blessing after Shema" }, { "heTitle": "ברוך ה׳ לעולם (outside of Israel)", "enTitle": "Third Blessing after Shema" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" } ] }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Patriarchs" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Divine Might" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Holiness of God" }, { "heTitle": "דעת", "enTitle": "Knowledge" }, { "heTitle": "תשובה", "enTitle": "Repentance" }, { "heTitle": "סליחה", "enTitle": "Forgiveness" }, { "heTitle": "גאולה", "enTitle": "Redemption" }, { "heTitle": "רפואה", "enTitle": "Healing" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת השנים", "enTitle": "Prosperity" }, { "heTitle": "קיבוץ גלויות", "enTitle": "Gathering the Exiles" }, { "heTitle": "משפט", "enTitle": "Justice" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המינים", "enTitle": "Against Enemies" }, { "heTitle": "על הצדיקים", "enTitle": "The Righteous" }, { "heTitle": "בניין ירושלים", "enTitle": "Rebuilding Jerusalem" }, { "heTitle": "מלכות בית דוד", "enTitle": "Kingdom of David" }, { "heTitle": "שומע תפילה", "enTitle": "Response to Prayer" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving" }, { "heTitle": "שים שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלוהי נצור", "enTitle": "Concluding Passage" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" }, { "heTitle": "תוספות למוצאי שבת", "enTitle": "Additions for Motza'ei Shabbat", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ויהי נעם", "enTitle": "Viyehi Noam" }, { "heTitle": "ויתן לך", "enTitle": "Veyiten Lekha" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ספירת העומר", "enTitle": "Sefirat HaOmer" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Alenu" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד", "enTitle": "LeDavid" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת הלבנה", "enTitle": "Birkat HaLevana" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת שמע על המיטה", "enTitle": "Keri'at Shema al Hamita" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קבלת שבת", "enTitle": "Kabbalat Shabbat", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ידיד נפש", "enTitle": "Yedid Nefesh" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צה", "enTitle": "Psalm 95" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צו", "enTitle": "Psalm 96" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צז", "enTitle": "Psalm 97" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צח", "enTitle": "Psalm 98" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צט", "enTitle": "Psalm 99" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים כט", "enTitle": "Psalm 29" }, { "heTitle": "אנא בכח", "enTitle": "Ana Bekoach" }, { "heTitle": "לכה דודי", "enTitle": "Lekha Dodi" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צב", "enTitle": "Psalm 92" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צג", "enTitle": "Psalm 93" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "במה מדליקין", "enTitle": "Bameh Madlikin" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש דרבנן", "enTitle": "Kaddish DeRabbanan" } ] }, { "heTitle": "מעריב", "enTitle": "Maariv", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכו", "enTitle": "Barchu" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת שמע וברכותיה", "enTitle": "Blessings of the Shema", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "המעריב ערבים", "enTitle": "First Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "אהבת עולם", "enTitle": "Second Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שמע", "enTitle": "Shema" }, { "heTitle": "אמת ואמונה", "enTitle": "First Blessing after Shema" }, { "heTitle": "השכיבינו", "enTitle": "Second Blessing after Shema" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ושמרו", "enTitle": "Veshamru" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Patriarchs" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Divine Might" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Holines of God's Name" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת היום", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving" }, { "heTitle": "שלום רב", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלהי נצור", "enTitle": "Concluding Passage" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ויכולו", "enTitle": "Vay'chulu" }, { "heTitle": "ברכה אחת מעין שבע", "enTitle": "Me'ein Sheva" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" }, { "heTitle": "ספירת העומר", "enTitle": "Sefirat HaOmer" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Aleinu" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד", "enTitle": "LeDavid" }, { "heTitle": "יגדל", "enTitle": "Yigdal" }, { "heTitle": "אדון עולם", "enTitle": "Adon Olam" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ליל שבת", "enTitle": "Shabbat Evening", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכת הבנים", "enTitle": "Blessing the Children" }, { "heTitle": "שלום עליכם", "enTitle": "Shalom Aleichem" }, { "heTitle": "קידוש", "enTitle": "Kiddush" }, { "heTitle": "ריבון כל העולמים", "enTitle": "Ribon Kol HaOlamim" }, { "heTitle": "אשת חיל", "enTitle": "Eshet Chayil" }, { "heTitle": "זמירות לליל שבת", "enTitle": "Zemirot for Shabbat Evening", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "כל מקדש", "enTitle": "Kol Mekadesh" }, { "heTitle": "מנוחה ושמחה", "enTitle": "Menucha VeSimcha" }, { "heTitle": "מה ידידות", "enTitle": "Ma Yedidut" }, { "heTitle": "יום זה לישראל", "enTitle": "Yom zeh L'yisrael" }, { "heTitle": "יה ריבון", "enTitle": "Yah Ribon" }, { "heTitle": "צמאה נפשי", "enTitle": "Tzamah Nafshi" }, { "heTitle": "צור משלו", "enTitle": "Tzur Mishelo" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "שחרית", "enTitle": "Shacharit", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "הכנה לתפילה", "enTitle": "Preparatory Prayers", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "מודה אני", "enTitle": "Modeh Ani" }, { "heTitle": "נטילת ידים", "enTitle": "Netilat Yadayim" }, { "heTitle": "אשר יצר", "enTitle": "Asher Yatzar" }, { "heTitle": "אלהי נשמה", "enTitle": "Elokai Neshama" }, { "heTitle": "ציצית", "enTitle": "Tzitzit" }, { "heTitle": "טלית", "enTitle": "Tallit" }, { "heTitle": "מה טובו", "enTitle": "Ma Tovu" }, { "heTitle": "אדון עולם", "enTitle": "Adon Olam" }, { "heTitle": "יגדל", "enTitle": "Yigdal" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות השחר", "enTitle": "Morning Blessings" }, { "heTitle": "עקדה", "enTitle": "Akedah" }, { "heTitle": "עול מלכות שמים", "enTitle": "Sovereignty of Heaven" }, { "heTitle": "קרבנות", "enTitle": "Korbanot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "פרשת הכיור", "enTitle": "Kiyor" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת תרומת הדשן", "enTitle": "Terumat HaDeshen" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת קרבן תמיד", "enTitle": "Korban HaTamid" }, { "heTitle": "פרשת הקטורת", "enTitle": "Ketoret" }, { "heTitle": "סדר המערכה", "enTitle": "Order of the Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "דיני זבחים", "enTitle": "Laws of Sacrifices" }, { "heTitle": "ברייתא דרבי ישמעאל", "enTitle": "Baraita of Rabbi Yishmael" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש דרבנן", "enTitle": "Kaddish DeRabbanan" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "פסוקי דזמרה", "enTitle": "Pesukei Dezimra", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "מזמור שיר חנוכת הבית", "enTitle": "Mizmor Shir" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "ברוך שאמר", "enTitle": "Barukh She'amar" }, { "heTitle": "הודו", "enTitle": "Hodu" }, { "heTitle": "מזמור לתודה", "enTitle": "Mizmor Letoda" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים יט", "enTitle": "Psalm 19" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים לד", "enTitle": "Psalm 34" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צ", "enTitle": "Psalm 90" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צא", "enTitle": "Psalm 91" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קלה", "enTitle": "Psalm 135" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קלו", "enTitle": "Psalm 136" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים לג", "enTitle": "Psalm 33" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צב", "enTitle": "Psalm 92" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים צג", "enTitle": "Psalm 93" }, { "heTitle": "יהי כבוד", "enTitle": "Yehi Chevod" }, { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמו", "enTitle": "Psalm 146" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמז", "enTitle": "Psalm 147" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמח", "enTitle": "Psalm 148" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קמט", "enTitle": "Psalm 149" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קנ", "enTitle": "Psalm 150" }, { "heTitle": "ברוך ה׳", "enTitle": "Baruch Hashem" }, { "heTitle": "ויברך דוד", "enTitle": "Vayevarech David" }, { "heTitle": "אז ישיר", "enTitle": "Shirat HaYam" }, { "heTitle": "נשמת כל חי", "enTitle": "Nishmat Kol Chai" }, { "heTitle": "שוכן עד", "enTitle": "Shochen Ad" }, { "heTitle": "ישתבח", "enTitle": "Yishtabach" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קל", "enTitle": "Psalm 130" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכות קריאת שמע", "enTitle": "Blessings of the Shema", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכו", "enTitle": "Barchu" }, { "heTitle": "יוצר אור", "enTitle": "First Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "אהבת ישראל", "enTitle": "Second Blessing before Shema" }, { "heTitle": "שמע", "enTitle": "Shema" }, { "heTitle": "גאל ישראל", "enTitle": "Blessing after Shema" } ] }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Patriarchs" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Divine Might" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Kedushah" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Holiness of God" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת היום", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת כהנים", "enTitle": "Birkat Kohanim" }, { "heTitle": "שים שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלוהי נצור", "enTitle": "Concluding Passage" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Torah Reading", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "הוצאת ספר תורה", "enTitle": "Removing the Torah from the Ark", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אין כמוך", "enTitle": "Ein Kamocha" }, { "heTitle": "ויהי בנסע", "enTitle": "Vayehi Binsoa" }, { "heTitle": "בריך שמה", "enTitle": "Berich Shmei" }, { "heTitle": "שמע ישראל", "enTitle": "Shema Yisrael (Gadlu)" }, { "heTitle": "לך השם", "enTitle": "Lecha Hashem" }, { "heTitle": "ויעזור ויגן", "enTitle": "Veyazor Veyagen" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Reading from Sefer", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכת התורה", "enTitle": "Birkat Haotrah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת הגומל", "enTitle": "Birkat Hagomel" }, { "heTitle": "מי שברך", "enTitle": "Mi Sheberach", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "לעולה התורה", "enTitle": "For an Oleh" }, { "heTitle": "לחולים", "enTitle": "For Sickness (includes man and woman)" }, { "heTitle": "ליולדות", "enTitle": "For Birth", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "יולדת בן", "enTitle": "Birth of a Son" }, { "heTitle": "יולדת בת", "enTitle": "Birth of Daughter" } ] }, { "heTitle": "בר מצוה", "enTitle": "Bar Mitzvah" }, { "heTitle": "בת מצוה", "enTitle": "Bat Mitzvah" } ] }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "הגבהה", "enTitle": "Raising the Torah" }, { "heTitle": "הפטרה", "enTitle": "Haftarah" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "תפילות לציבור", "enTitle": "Communal Prayers", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "יקום פרקן", "enTitle": "Yekum Purkan" }, { "heTitle": "תפילה לשלום מדינת ישראל", "enTitle": "Prayer of the State of Israel" }, { "heTitle": "מי שברך לחיילי צה\"ל", "enTitle": "Prayer for Israeli Soldiers" }, { "heTitle": "מי שברך לשבויים", "enTitle": "Prayer for Those Being Held in Captivity" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת החודש", "enTitle": "Birkat Hachodesh" }, { "heTitle": "אב הרחמים", "enTitle": "Av HaRachamim" } ] }, { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "הכנסת ספר תורה", "enTitle": "Returning Sefer to Aron" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" } ] }, { "heTitle": "מוסף לשבת", "enTitle": "Musaf LeShabbat", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Patriarchs" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Divine Might" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Kedushah" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Holiness of God" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת היום", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Day", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "לשבת", "enTitle": "For Shabbat" }, { "heTitle": "לשבת ראש חודש", "enTitle": "For Shabbat Rosh Chodesh" } ] }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת כהנים", "enTitle": "Birkat Kohanim" }, { "heTitle": "שים שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלוהי נצור", "enTitle": "Concluding Passage" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" }, { "heTitle": "אין כאלוהינו", "enTitle": "Ein Keloheinu" }, { "heTitle": "פיטום הקטורת", "enTitle": "Pitum Haketoret" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש דרבנן", "enTitle": "Kaddish Derabbanan" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Alenu" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "מזמור שיר ליום השבת", "enTitle": "Mizmor Shir L'Yom HaShabbat" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד", "enTitle": "LeDavid" }, { "heTitle": "שיר הכבוד", "enTitle": "Shir HaKavod" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "אדון עולם", "enTitle": "Adon Olam" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סעודת היום", "enTitle": "Daytime Meal", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קידושא רבה", "enTitle": "Kiddusha Rabba" }, { "heTitle": "זמירות לסעודת היום", "enTitle": "Zemirot for Second Meal", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברוך אל עליון", "enTitle": "Baruch Kel Elyon" }, { "heTitle": "יום זה מכובד", "enTitle": "Yom Zeh Mechubad" }, { "heTitle": "יום שבתון", "enTitle": "Yom Shabbaton" }, { "heTitle": "שמרו שבתותי", "enTitle": "Shimru Shabtotai" }, { "heTitle": "כי אשמרה", "enTitle": "Ki Eshmera" }, { "heTitle": "דרור יקרא", "enTitle": "Dror Yikrah" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "מנחה", "enTitle": "Minchah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אשרי", "enTitle": "Ashrei" }, { "heTitle": "ובא לציון", "enTitle": "Uva Letzion" }, { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Torah Reading", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "הוצאת ספר תורה", "enTitle": "Removing the Torah from Ark", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ואני תפילתי", "enTitle": "Va'ani Tefillati" }, { "heTitle": "ויהי בנסוע", "enTitle": "Vayehi Binsoa" }, { "heTitle": "בריך שמה", "enTitle": "Berich Shmei" }, { "heTitle": "גדלו", "enTitle": "Gadlu" }, { "heTitle": "לך ה׳", "enTitle": "Lekha Hashem" }, { "heTitle": "אב הרחמים", "enTitle": "Av Harachamim" }, { "heTitle": "ותגלה ותראה", "enTitle": "Vetigaleh Veteraeh" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קריאת התורה", "enTitle": "Reading from Sefer", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכת התורה", "enTitle": "Birkat Hatorah" }, { "heTitle": "הגבהה", "enTitle": "Raising the Torah" } ] }, { "heTitle": "הכנסת התורה", "enTitle": "Returning Sefer to Aron", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "יהללו", "enTitle": "Yehalelu" }, { "heTitle": "לדוד מזמור", "enTitle": "LeDavid" }, { "heTitle": "ובנוחה יאמר", "enTitle": "Uvenucho Yomar" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "עמידה", "enTitle": "Amidah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Patriarchs" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Divine Might" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Kedushah" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Holiness of God" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת היום", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Temple Service" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Thanksgiving", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "מודים ומודים דרבנן", "enTitle": "Modim" }, { "heTitle": "על הניסים לחנוכה", "enTitle": "Al Hanisim for Chanukkah" }, { "heTitle": "על הניסים לפורים", "enTitle": "Al Hanisim for Purim" } ] }, { "heTitle": "שים שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלוהי נצור", "enTitle": "Concluding Passage" } ] }, { "heTitle": "צדקתך צדק", "enTitle": "Tzidkatkhah Tzedek" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" }, { "heTitle": "עלינו", "enTitle": "Alenu" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "ברכי נפשי", "enTitle": "Barchi Nafshi" } ] }, { "heTitle": "סעודת שלישית", "enTitle": "Third Meal", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אתקינו", "enTitle": "Atkinu" }, { "heTitle": "מזמור לדוד", "enTitle": "Mizmor LeDavid" }, { "heTitle": "ידיד נפש", "enTitle": "Yedid Nefesh" } ] }, { "heTitle": "הבדלה", "enTitle": "Havdalah" } ] }, { "heTitle": "חגים", "enTitle": "Festivals", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ראש חודש", "enTitle": "Rosh Chodesh", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "הלל", "enTitle": "Hallel", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכת הלל", "enTitle": "Berakhah before the Hallel" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קיג", "enTitle": "Psalm 113" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קיד", "enTitle": "Psalm 114" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קטו", "enTitle": "Psalm 115" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קטז", "enTitle": "Psalm 116" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קיז", "enTitle": "Psalm 117" }, { "heTitle": "תהילים קיח", "enTitle": "Psalm 118" }, { "heTitle": "ברכה בסוף", "enTitle": "Berakhah after the Hallel" } ] }, { "heTitle": "מוסף עמידה לראש חודש", "enTitle": "Musaf Amidah for Rosh Chodesh", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Avot" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Gevurot" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Kedushah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Kedushat HaShem" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קדושת היום", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Avodah" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Hodayah" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת כהנים", "enTitle": "Birkat Kohanim" }, { "heTitle": "שים שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "אלוהי נצור", "enTitle": "Passages Ending Amidah" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "תפילות לשלוש רגלים", "enTitle": "Shalosh Regalim", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "עמידה לערבית, שחרית, מנחה", "enTitle": "Amida for Maariv, Shacharit, Mincha", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Avot" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Gevurot" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Kedusha" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת היום", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Avodah" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Modim" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת כהנים", "enTitle": "Birkat Kohanim" }, { "heTitle": "ברכה לשלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "סיום עמידה", "enTitle": "Concluding Prayer" } ] }, { "heTitle": "מוסף", "enTitle": "Mussaf", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אבות", "enTitle": "Avot" }, { "heTitle": "גבורות", "enTitle": "Gevurot" }, { "heTitle": "קדושה", "enTitle": "Kedusha" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת השם", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Name" }, { "heTitle": "קדושת היום", "enTitle": "Sanctity of the Day" }, { "heTitle": "עבודה", "enTitle": "Avodah" }, { "heTitle": "מודים", "enTitle": "Modim" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת כוהנים", "enTitle": "Birkat Kohanim" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת שלום", "enTitle": "Peace" }, { "heTitle": "סיום עמידה", "enTitle": "Concluding Prayer" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "תפילת טל", "enTitle": "Prayer for Dew" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת גשם", "enTitle": "Prayer for Rain" }, { "heTitle": "סוכות", "enTitle": "Sukkot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "תפילות בסוכה", "enTitle": "Prayers in the Sukkah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "כשנכנסים לסוכה", "enTitle": "Entering the Sukkah" }, { "heTitle": "אושפיזין", "enTitle": "Ushpizin" }, { "heTitle": "כשיוצאים מן הסוכה", "enTitle": "Leaving the Sukkah" } ] }, { "heTitle": "נטילת לולב", "enTitle": "Blessing on Lulav" }, { "heTitle": "הושענות", "enTitle": "Hosha'anot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "כל יום בסוכות שחל בשבת", "enTitle": "For Shabbat Chol Hamoed" }, { "heTitle": "יום טוב ראשון של סוכות", "enTitle": "First Day of Sukkot" }, { "heTitle": "יום שני של סוכות", "enTitle": "Second Day of Sukkot" }, { "heTitle": "יום שלישי של סוכות", "enTitle": "Third Day of Sukkot" }, { "heTitle": "יום רביעי של סוכות", "enTitle": "Fourth Day of Sukkot" }, { "heTitle": "יום חמישי של סוכות", "enTitle": "Fifth Day of Sukkot" }, { "heTitle": "יום שישי של סוכות", "enTitle": "Sixth Day of Sukkot" }, { "heTitle": "הושענא רבה", "enTitle": "Hosha'ana Rabba" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "חנוכה", "enTitle": "Chanukah", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "סדר הדלקת נרות חנוכה", "enTitle": "Service for Lighting Chanukah Candles", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכות הדלקת נרות חנוכה", "enTitle": "Blessings on Chanukah Candles" }, { "heTitle": "הנרות הללו", "enTitle": "Hanerot Hallalu" }, { "heTitle": "מעוז צור", "enTitle": "Maoz Tzur" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "סליחות", "enTitle": "Selichot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "צום גדליה", "enTitle": "Fast of Gedalia" }, { "heTitle": "עשרה בטבת", "enTitle": "Ten of Tevet" }, { "heTitle": "תענית אסתר", "enTitle": "Fast of Esther" }, { "heTitle": "שבעה עשר בתמוז", "enTitle": "Seventeen of Tamuz" }, { "heTitle": "יום כיפור קטן", "enTitle": "Yom Kippur Katan" }, { "heTitle": "בהב", "enTitle": "BaHaB" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכות", "enTitle": "Berachot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכת המזון", "enTitle": "Birkat HaMazon" }, { "heTitle": "ברכת הנהנין", "enTitle": "Birkat Hanehenin", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "אכילה", "enTitle": "Eating", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "ברכות ראשונות", "enTitle": "Barachot Rishonot" }, { "heTitle": "ברכות אחרונות", "enTitle": "Brachot Achronot", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "על המחיה", "enTitle": "Al Hamichyah" }, { "heTitle": "בורא נפשות", "enTitle": "Borei Nefashot" } ] } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכות הראייה השמיעה והריח", "enTitle": "Blessings on Sights Sounds and Smells" } ] }, { "heTitle": "ברכת המצוות", "enTitle": "Birkhot Hamitzvot" }, { "heTitle": "מחיה המתים", "enTitle": "Asher Yatzar Etchem Badin" }, { "heTitle": "תפילת הדרך", "enTitle": "Tefillat HaDerech" }, { "heTitle": "הביננו", "enTitle": "Havinenu" } ] }, { "heTitle": "קדיש", "enTitle": "Kaddish", "nodes": [ { "heTitle": "חצי קדיש", "enTitle": "Half Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש יתום", "enTitle": "Mourner's Kaddish" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש שלם", "enTitle": "Kaddish Shalem" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש דרבנן", "enTitle": "Kaddish d'Rabbanan" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש דאתחדתא", "enTitle": "Kaddish achar HaKevura" }, { "heTitle": "קדיש אחר השלמת מסכת", "enTitle": "Kaddish achar Hashlamat Meschet" } ] } ] } }