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---
language:
- en
tags:
- llama2
- llama-2
- llama
- llama2 architecture
- litellama
datasets:
- Redpajama
metrics:
- MMLU
license: mit
---
# LiteLlama: Reduced-Scale Llama
In this series of repos, we present an open-source reproduction of Meta AI's [LLaMa 2](https://ai.meta.com/llama/). However, with significantly reduced model sizes, [LiteLlama-460M-1T](https://huggingface.co/ahxt/LiteLlama-460M-1T) has 460M parameters trained with 1T tokens.
## Dataset and Tokenization
We train our models on part of [RedPajama](https://www.together.xyz/blog/redpajama) dataset. We use the [GPT2Tokenizer](https://huggingface.co/docs/transformers/v4.31.0/en/model_doc/gpt2#transformers.GPT2Tokenizer) to tokenize the text.
## Training Details
The model was trained with ~1T tokens (0.98T). num of tokens = steps*length*batch_size=499679*1024*192=98240888832≈0.98T.
The training curve is at this [WandB project](https://wandb.ai/ahxt/llama2_xs_460M_training_loss/reports/reduced_train_loss-23-09-05-20-25-43---Vmlldzo1MzIwNDUx?accessToken=x2ch3n30jo77p1x8y7q9js4h4d8zpjtz1tzot4xxullyefixp4jwt7au2q37k2q6).
### Using with HuggingFace Transformers
The experimental checkpoints can be directly loaded by [Transformers](https://huggingface.co/transformers/) library. The following code snippet shows how to load the our experimental model and generate text with it.
```python
import torch
from transformers import AutoTokenizer, AutoModelForCausalLM
model_path = 'ahxt/LiteLlama-460M-1T'
model = AutoModelForCausalLM.from_pretrained(model_path)
tokenizer = AutoTokenizer.from_pretrained(model_path)
model.eval()
prompt = 'Q: What is the largest bird?\nA:'
input_ids = tokenizer(prompt, return_tensors="pt").input_ids
tokens = model.generate(input_ids, max_length=20)
print( tokenizer.decode(tokens[0].tolist(), skip_special_tokens=True) )
# Q: What is the largest bird?\nA: The largest bird is a black-headed gull.
```
## Evaluation
### We evaluate our models on the MMLU task.
| Models | #parameters |zero-shot | 5-shot |
| --- | --- | --- | --- |
| llama | 7B | 28.46 | 35.05 |
| openllama | 3B | 24.90 | 26.71 |
|TinyLlama-1.1B-step-50K-105b | 1.1B | 19.00 | 26.53 |
| LiteLlama-460M-1T | 0.46B | 21.13 | 26.39 |
### [Open LLM Leaderboard Evaluation Results](https://huggingface.co/spaces/HuggingFaceH4/open_llm_leaderboard)
Detailed results can be found [here](https://huggingface.co/datasets/open-llm-leaderboard/details_ahxt__llama2_xs_460M_experimental)
| Metric | Value |
|-----------------------|---------------------------|
| Avg. | 26.65 |
| ARC (25-shot) | 24.91 |
| HellaSwag (10-shot) | 38.47 |
| MMLU (5-shot) | 26.17 |
| TruthfulQA (0-shot) | 41.59 |
| Winogrande (5-shot) | 49.88 |
| GSM8K (5-shot) | 0.0 |
| DROP (3-shot) | 5.51 |
## Contact
This model is developed by [Xiaotian Han](https://ahxt.github.io/) from Texas A&M University and released under MIT License.
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