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  Lidar and imagery data were acquired over several years in distinct programs, and up to 3 years might separate them. The years of acquisition are given as metadata.
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- VHR Aerial imagery (ORTHO HR) | ALS points clouds (Lidar HD)
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- :-------------------------:|:-------------------------:
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- ![](./imagery_18_classes.png) | ![](./lidar_18_classes.png)
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-
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  ## Dataset content
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  <hr style='margin-top:-1em; margin-bottom:0' />
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  The PureForest dataset consists of a total of 135,569 patches: 69111 in the train set, 13523 in the val set, and 52935 in the test set.
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  Band order is near-infrared, red, greeb, blue. For convenience, the Lidar point clouds are vertically colorized with the aerial images.
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  ### Annotations
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  <hr style='margin-top:-1em; margin-bottom:0' />
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  Annotations were made at the forest level, and considering only monospecific forests. A semi-automatic approach was adopted in which forest polygons
@@ -68,15 +68,12 @@ were also used to improve the condidence in the purity of the forests.
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  ### Dataset extent and train/val/test split
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  <hr style='margin-top:-1em; margin-bottom:0' />
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- The polygons were sampled in southern France due to the partial availability of the Lidar data at the time of dataset creation.
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- They are located in 40 distinct French administrative departments, covering a large diversity of territories and forests.
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- To define a common benchmark, we divided the data into train, val, and test sets, with a stratification on semantic labels.
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- Annotation polygons are scattered across southern France, leading to a good geographical diversity within each semantic class.
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- To account for the high spatial autocorrelation, the 70%-15%-15% split is performed at the annotation polygon level:
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- each forest exclusively belongs to either the train, val, or test set.
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- This makes PureForest suitable to evaluate the territorial generalization of classification models.
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- Approximate positions of forests in PureForest:
 
 
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  ![](./dataset_extent_map.excalidraw.png)
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@@ -85,14 +82,14 @@ Approximate positions of forests in PureForest:
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  Please include a citation to the following Data Paper if PureForest was useful to your research:
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  ```
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- @article{gaydon2024pureforest,
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  title={PureForest: A Large-scale Aerial Lidar and Aerial Imagery Dataset for Tree Species Classification in Monospecific Forests},
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- author={Gaydon, Charles and Roche, Floryne},
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  year={2024},
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- publisher = {ArXiv},
 
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  url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.12064}
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- doi={TBD},
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- language = {en},
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  }
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  ```
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  Lidar and imagery data were acquired over several years in distinct programs, and up to 3 years might separate them. The years of acquisition are given as metadata.
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  ## Dataset content
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  <hr style='margin-top:-1em; margin-bottom:0' />
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  The PureForest dataset consists of a total of 135,569 patches: 69111 in the train set, 13523 in the val set, and 52935 in the test set.
 
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  Band order is near-infrared, red, greeb, blue. For convenience, the Lidar point clouds are vertically colorized with the aerial images.
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+ VHR Aerial images (Near-Infrared, Red, Green) [ORTHO HR] | ALS points clouds [Lidar HD]
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+ :-------------------------:|:-------------------------:
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+ ![](./imagery_18_classes.png) | ![](./lidar_18_classes.png)
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+
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  ### Annotations
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  <hr style='margin-top:-1em; margin-bottom:0' />
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  Annotations were made at the forest level, and considering only monospecific forests. A semi-automatic approach was adopted in which forest polygons
 
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  ### Dataset extent and train/val/test split
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  <hr style='margin-top:-1em; margin-bottom:0' />
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+ The annotation polygons were mostly sampled in the southern half of metropolitan France due to the partial availability of the Lidar HD data at the time of dataset creation.
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+ They are scattered in 40 distinct French administrative departments and span a large diversity of territories and forests within each semantic class.
 
 
 
 
 
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+ To define a common benchmark, we split the data into train, val, and test sets (70%-15%-15%) with stratification on semantic labels.
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+ We address the high spatial autocorrelation inherent to geographic data by splitting at the annotation polygon level:
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+ each forest exclusively belongs to either the train, val, or test set.
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  ![](./dataset_extent_map.excalidraw.png)
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  Please include a citation to the following Data Paper if PureForest was useful to your research:
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  ```
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+ @misc{gaydon2024pureforest,
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  title={PureForest: A Large-scale Aerial Lidar and Aerial Imagery Dataset for Tree Species Classification in Monospecific Forests},
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+ author={Charles Gaydon and Floryne Roche},
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  year={2024},
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+ eprint={2404.12064},
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+ archivePrefix={arXiv},
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  url={https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.12064}
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+ primaryClass={cs.CV}
 
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  }
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  ```
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