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对每个医院的重复跟踪评估包括对其护士定量配给、医院管理部门记录的护士敏感指标、护士配备水平以及患者死亡率数据的重复调查。 | The repeated measurements on each of the units include repeated surveys on nurses' rationing of care, hospital administration reported nurse-sensitive indicators, nurse staffing levels, and patient mortality data. |
数据将会显示隐性定量护理对患者和护士护理结果的影响。 | Data will inform on the impact of implicit rationing of care on patient and nurse outcomes. |
为有效减少定量护理,提高护理质量,这些数据对促进未来规划和介入研究而言都是不可或缺的。 | These data are needed to advance future planning and interventional research to efficiently reduce rationing of nursing care and improve the quality of care. |
目的 | Objective |
探讨膝关节内外松解术结合 Ilizarov 外固定术治疗儿童膝关节重度病理性屈曲挛缩畸形的疗效。 | To investigate the effectiveness of internal and external lysis combined with Ilizarov external fixation technology for severe knee pathological flexion contracture deformity in children. |
方法 | Methods |
回顾分析 2012 年 8 月—2017 年 1 月采用膝关节内外松解术结合 Ilizarov 外固定术治疗的 12 例（12 膝）儿童膝关节重度病理性屈曲挛缩畸形。 | A retrospective analysis was made on 12 children (12 knees) with severe knee pathological flexion contracture deformity who were treated with internal and external lysis and Ilizarov external fixation between August 2012 and January 2017. |
男 9 例，女 3 例；年龄 3～12 岁，平均 8.4 岁。 | There were 9 boys and 3 girls with an age of 3-12 years (mean, 8.4 years). |
膝关节结核 8 例，甲型血友病 3 例，下肢广泛血管瘤药物注射治疗后残留畸形 1 例。 | There were 8 cases of tuberculosis, 3 cases of haemophilia A, and 1 case of residual deformity after extensive hemangioma drug injection. |
病程 5 个月～4 年，平均 20.3 个月。 | The disease duration ranged from 5 months to 4 years, with an average of 20.3 months. |
术前膝关节挛缩程度（67.42±23.30）°，膝关节活动度（38.33±14.98）°，美国西部 Ontario 与 McMaster 大学骨关节炎指数评分（WOMAC）为（78.42±15.57）分。 | The degree of knee contracture was (67.42±23.30)°, and the range of motion of knee was (38.33±14.98)°. The preoperative Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) score was 78.42±15.57. |
术后观察患儿并发症发生情况；记录术后 3 个月及 1 年时膝关节挛缩程度、活动度和 WOMAC 评分，并与术前比较。 | The complication was observed after operation, and the degree of knee contracture, range of motion, and WOMAC score at 3 months and 1 year after operation were recorded and compared with those before operation. |
结果 | Results |
手术均顺利完成。 | The operations completed successfully in all children. |
12 例患儿均获随访，随访时间 9～24 个月，平均 14.5 个月。 | All the 12 cases were followed up 9-24 months (mean, 14.5 months). |
术后切口均 Ⅰ 期愈合。 | All incisions healed by first intention after operation. |
所有患儿膝关节功能明显改善，恢复下肢负重行走功能。 | The knee function of all children improved significantly and the weight-bearing walking function of the lower limbs restored. |
术后 3 个月和 1 年时患儿膝关节挛缩程度、活动度及 WOMAC 评分均较术前显著改善（P<0.05）；术后 3 个月和 1 年间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。 | The degree of knee contracture, range of motion, and WOMAC score were significantly improved at 3 months and 1 year after operation (P<0.05), but there was no significant difference between 3 months and 1 year after operation (P>0.05). |
结论 | Conclusion |
膝关节内外松解术结合 Ilizarov 外固定术治疗儿童膝关节重度病理性屈曲挛缩畸形创伤小，术后早期即可开始膝关节功能锻炼、恢复快，治疗效果满意。 | For severe knee pathological flexion contracture deformity in children, application of internal and external lysis combined with Ilizarov external fixation has advantages, such as small trauma, rapid recovery, and early postoperative knee function training, and good effectiveness. |
木质纤维素广泛存在于自然界中，因结构复杂，其高效降解需要多种微生物的协同互作，由于参与木质纤维素降解的微生物种类繁多，其协同降解机理尚不完全明确。 | Lignocellulose is widely found in the nature. The highly efficient degradation of lignocellulose requires synergistic interactions of varieties of microorganisms. The mechanism of synergistic interaction relationship is not entirely clear because it needs multitudinous microorganisms to participate in the process of lignocellulose degradation. |
随着微生物分子生物学和组学技术的快速发展，将为微生物协同降解木质纤维素机制的研究提供新的方法和思路。 | With the development of microbial molecular biology and omics technology, some new methods will be provided for the research on the mechanism of microbial synergistic degradation of lignocellulose. |
笔者前期研究发现，细菌复合菌系在50 ℃下表现出强大的木质纤维素降解能力，菌系由可分离培养和暂时不可分离培养细菌组成，但是可分离培养细菌没有降解能力。 | Our previous research found that the bacterial composite microbial system shows strong degradation ability of lignocellulose at 50 °C. The consortium is composed of cultured and uncultured bacteria, but the former has no degradation ability. |
通过宏基因组和宏转录组研究表明，与木质纤维素降解相关的某些基因表达量发生显著变化，通过组学方法有可能更加深入解释微生物协同降解木质纤维素的微生物学和酶学机理。 | Metagenomics and metatranscriptomics show that the expression levels of some genes related to lignocellulosic degradation change significantly. It is possible to explain the microbiological and enzymatic mechanisms of lignocellulosic degradation by microorganisms through omics in the future. |
文中从酶、纯培养菌株和复合菌群三个方面综述了木质纤维素微生物降解研究进展，着重介绍了组学技术在解析复合菌群作用机理方面的现状和应用前景，以期为探索微生物群落协同降解木质纤维素的机理提供借鉴。 | The research progress of lignocellulose microbial degradation is reviewed from the aspects of enzyme, pure culture strain, and microbial consortium. The current situation and application prospect of omics technology in analyzing the function mechanism of microbial consortium are also introduced, to provide reference for exploring synergistic interactions of lignocellulose microbial degradation. |
利用安徽省各地市卫生健康委员会官方网站公布的新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情数据，绘制安徽省确诊病例数时空分布地图，运用种群增长曲线拟合安徽省不同阶段疫情变化曲线，对全省和各地市疫情进行统计描述与分析。 | We used the epidemic data of COVID-19 published on the official website of the municipal health commission in Anhui province. We mapped the spatiotemporal changes of confirmed cases, fitted the epidemic situation by the population growth curve at different stages and took statistical description and analysis of the epidemic situation in Anhui province. |
截至2020年2月18日，安徽省COVID-19累积发病率为1.56/10万，且安徽省报告COVID-19疫情在2月7日后呈现下降趋势，并由J型曲线变化到S型曲线，因病例报告时间比实际发病时间可能推迟3～5 d，安徽省新增病例实际于2020年2月2日—2月4日前后开始下降。 | It was found that the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was 156/100 000 by February 18, 2020 and the trend of COVID-19 epidemic declined after February 7, changing from J curve to S curve. The actual number of new cases began to decrease from February 2 to February 4 due to the time of case report and actual onset delayed by 3 to 5 days. |
目的 | Objective |
通过高通量测序获取创伤性脊髓损伤（traumatic spinal cord injury，TSCI）后环状非编码 RNA（circular RNA，circRNA）与微小 RNA（microRNA，miRNA）表达谱，预测潜在 circRNA-miRNA 调控网络。 | To systematically profile and characterize the circular RNA (circRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) expression pattern in the lesion epicenter of spinal tissues after traumatic spinal cord injury (TSCI) and predict the structure and potential functions of the regulatory network. |
方法 | Methods |
取 48 只雄性 C57BL/6 小鼠（体质量 18～22 g）随机均分为两组（ n=24），TSCI 组采用 Allen’s 打击器械制备 TSCI 模型，假手术组（Sham 组）仅切开椎板不损伤脊髓。 | Forty-eight adult male C57BL/6 mice (weighing, 18-22 g) were randomly divided into the TSCI ( n=24) and sham ( n=24) groups. Mice in the TSCI group underwent T 8-10 vertebral laminectomy and Allen's weight-drop spinal cord injury. Mice in the sham group underwent the same laminectomy without TSCI. |
术后 3 d，两组取材行 HE 染色，观察脊髓组织结构；提取组织总 RNA 建库，高通量测序鉴定 circRNA 和 miRNA 差异表达谱，基因本体分析（gene ontology，GO）注释差异表达的 circRNA 宿主基因功能，筛选显著差异表达的 miRNA，通过 TargetScan 和 miRanda 预测 circRNA-miRNA 靶向结合，筛选关键 circRNA，构建潜在调控网络。 | The spinal tissues were harvested after 3 days. Some tissues were stained with HE staining to observe the structure. The others were used for sequencing. The RNA-Seq, gene ontology (GO) analysis, and circRNA-miRNA network analyses (TargetScan and miRanda) were used to profile the expression and regulation patterns of network of mice models after TSCI. |
结果 | Results |
HE 染色示 Sham 组小鼠脊髓结构完整无破裂，TSCI 组脊髓结构有明显损伤破裂。 | HE staining showed the severe damage to the spinal cord in TSCI group compared with sham group. |
测序共鉴定出 17 440 个 circRNA、1 228 个 miRNA。 | A total of 17 440 circRNAs and 1 228 miRNAs were identified. |
方法 通过相关关键词对Pubmed、Wiley InterScience、Science Direct、中国知网、万方期刊数据库分别进行检索，其次对2000—2017年的相关目标文献进行筛选，统计文献中使用的口腔癌相关生存质量量表频次，并对相关量表作简单介绍。 | METHODS Through relevant key words, PubMed, Wiley InterScience, Science Direct, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were first searched. The related target literature from 2000 to 2017 were screened. Finally, the frequency of oral cancer related to QOL scale used in literature was calculated, and the related scales were briefly introduced. |
结果 从目标文献中共筛选出218篇英文目标文献，55篇中文目标文献，获得英文量表24种，中文量表12种，其中针对口腔癌患者生存质量评估使用最多的量表有华盛顿大学生存质量评估问卷（UW-QOL）、欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织生存质量量表的核心量表/头颈癌专用量表（EORTC QLQ-C30/H&N35）、口腔健康影响程度量表（OHIP）、癌症治疗功能评价系统—头颈问卷（FACT-H&N）、36条目简明健康状况调查问卷（SF-36）。 | RESULTS From the target literature, 218 English target literature, 55 Chinese target literature, 24 English scales, and 12 Chinese scales were selected. The most widely used scales for assessing the QOL of patients with oral cancer were as follows: University of Washington Quality of Life Questionnaire (UW-QOL), European Organization for the Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30/Head and Neck 35 (EORTC QLQ-C30/H&N35), 36-Item Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36), Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Head and Neck (FACT-H&N), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP). |
目的: 检查II型糖尿病患者工作日/周末睡眠是否存在显著差异,以及个体内部睡眠差异是否与血糖控制有关。 | AIMS To examine whether there were significant differences in sleep during weekdays/weekends and whether the intra-individual variability in sleep was related to glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. |
方法: 采集2017年2月至2018年1月的数据。 | METHODS Data were collected between February 2017-January 2018. |
共有56例II型糖尿病成人患者(60.7岁,55.4%为女性)参与此项研究。 | In all, 56 adults with type 2 diabetes were included (60.7 years, 55.4% female). |
使用认知睡眠日记来记录8天的睡眠情况。 | Sleep was measured using the Consensus Sleep Diary over 8 days. |
个体内部睡眠差异被计算为睡眠变量的标准差。 | Intra-individual variability of sleep was calculated as the standard deviation of sleep variables. |
计算睡眠时间、睡眠效率、睡眠质量和平均睡眠时间的标准差。 | Standard deviations of sleep duration, sleep efficiency, sleep quality, and mid-sleep time were obtained. |
通过血红蛋白A1C测定血糖控制。 | Glycaemic control was measured by haemoglobin A1C. |
采用配对t检验和多元回归分析。 | Paired t test and multiple regression analysis were used. |
结果: 总体而言,工作日和周末的睡眠参数没有差异。 | RESULTS Overall, there were no differences in sleep parameters between weekdays and weekends. |
受试者周末睡眠时间比工作日多20分钟。 | Participants slept 20 min more over the weekends than during weekdays. |
周末的平均睡眠时间比工作日晚约35分钟。 | The mid-sleep time during weekends was about 35 min later than during weekdays. |
个体内部睡眠差异和平均睡眠时间范围分别为27.6~167.4分钟和13~137分钟。 | Intra-individual variability of sleep duration and mid-sleep ranged from 27.6-167.4 min and 13-137 min, respectively. |
协变量(如抑郁、病症和自我护理)控制、较大的睡眠持续时间差异和平均睡眠时间与较高的血红蛋白A1C水平显著相关。 | Controlling for covariates (e.g., distress, symptoms, and self-care), larger variability in sleep duration, and mid-sleep were significantly related to higher A1C levels. |
在患者教育期间,应重点强调保持规律的睡眠习惯(如睡眠持续时间和睡眠时间)。 | Maintaining a regular sleep habit (e.g., sleep duration and sleep timing) should be highlighted during patient education. |
通过记录了8天睡眠情况的日记,该研究检查了II型糖尿病老年患者的个体内部睡眠变异是否与血糖控制有关。 | This study examined whether intra-individual variability in sleep was related to glycaemic control in an older sample of type 2 diabetes patients using a sleep diary across 8 days. |
该样本对象在工作日和周末的睡眠方式相似。 | This sample had a similar sleep pattern during weekdays and weekends. |
较大的个体内部睡眠差异和平均睡眠时间与血糖控制较差有着独立关联。 | Larger intra-individual variabilities in sleep duration and mid-sleep time were independently related to worse glycaemic control. |
建议糖尿病患者保持规律的睡眠。 | Diabetes patients are recommended to maintain a regular sleep routine. |
急性中毒患者早期进行血液灌流可以快速有效的清除毒物，对改善患者预后起到重要作用。 | Early hemoperfusion in poisoned patients can remove poisons rapidly and effectively, which plays an important role in improving the prognosis of patients. |
血液灌流治疗的关键是安全有效的抗凝，枸橼酸局部抗凝对患者全身凝血机制、内环境等影响小。 | The key of hemoperfusion therapy is the safe and effective anticoagulation. The local citrate anticoagulation effect acid is good, it also has little effect on the systemic coagulation mechanism and internal environment of patients, so it is worthy of promotion. |
我们于2018年10月,通过回顾性分析2013年12月至2017年12月山东第一医科大学第二附属医院急诊重症监护室收治的273例行枸橼酸抗凝血液灌流的中毒患者的临床资料和救治情况，分析枸橼酸抗凝血液灌流在急性中毒患者急救中的作用，旨在为中毒患者枸橼酸抗凝血液灌流提供一定的临床参考。 | We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data and treatment of 273 patients who were poisoned by citrate anticoagulant in the emergency intensive care unit of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, aiming at perfusion of citrate anticoagulant in patients with poisoning. |
综述期为1978年至2018年3月。 | The review period covered 1978-March 2018. |
综述方法: 两位研究人员使用了Cochrane Collaboration的工具来评估合格研究的偏倚风险。 | REVIEW METHODS The risk of bias of eligible studies was evaluated by two researchers using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. |
结果: 有593名研究对象参与的六项研究符合纳入标准。 | RESULTS Six studies with 593 participants met the inclusion criteria. |
被动倾听方法通常采用的是音乐干预措施,从30-60分钟到1-3会期不等。 | Music intervention was generally applied by the passive listening method, which ranged from 30-60 min and 1-3 sessions. |
在主要结果中没有发现明显的出版偏倚。 | No significant publication bias was found in the main outcomes. |
作为荟萃分析的结果,经证实音乐干预措施对癌性疼痛有缓和效用。 | As a result of the meta-analysis, it was found that music interventions have a moderate effect on cancer-related pain. |
在研究中,并未报告有不良事件。 | The studies reported no adverse events. |
护士可以使用音乐干预措施来管理癌性疼痛。 | Nurses can use music intervention to manage cancer-related pain. |
统计结果表明,音乐干预措施对癌性疼痛有缓和效用。 | The statistical result indicates that music intervention was moderately effective in cancer-related pain. |
本研究结果将有助于护士采取有效的音乐干预措施,并将为音乐干预措施对癌性疼痛的影响的相关研究进展提供指导。 | The findings of this study will contribute to the application of effective music intervention by nurses and will provide guidance for the development of studies related to the effect of music intervention on cancer-related pain. |
方法 采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术获得FAP片段，利用基因重组技术构建过表达FAP的慢病毒载体，包埋病毒并收集上清液感染SCC9细胞株，通过流式细胞荧光分选技术（FACS）进行筛选，获得稳定过表达FAP的SCC9细胞株。 | METHODS The cDNA of FAP gene from an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissue was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and subcloned into eukaryotic expression vector pCDH-CMV-MCS-EF1-copGFP. The recombinant plasmid was sequenced and then transfected into an SCC9 cell line. Subsequently, the SCC9 cell line that over-expressed FAP stably was established by fluorescence activated cell sorting (FACS). |
目前已有人在研究造血干细胞移植的受者与赠者,但仍没有人研究患有镰状细胞疾病的受者与赠者的经历。 | While studies have reported the transplant experiences of recipients and donors with haematological malignancies, no published reports have examined the experience of both adult recipients with sickle cell disease and their donors. |
方法: 从2017年8月到2018年2月,我们对来自中西部移植中心的13位受者与赠者进行单独采访(8位男性,5位女性),包括5对受赠者两者间移植和一对受赠者3者间移植。 | METHODS We conducted individual interviews with 13 recipients and donors (eight males, five females) representing five recipient-donor dyads and one recipient-donor triad from one Midwest transplant centre between August 2017-February 2018. |
采访时使用数码音频录制,并将数据完整地录制下来,然后使用传统的内容分析法分析数据。 | Interviews were digitally audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and analysed using conventional content analysis. |
家庭护理既能保障病人健康又能保障品质生活。 | Health provider awareness of recipient-donor experiences can contribute to family-centred care that supports the health and quality of life for both recipients and donors. |
了解病人移植经历、移植价值和病人偏好有助于提供高质量的临床治疗和高效沟通,促进决策。 | This understanding promotes high quality clinical care and improved communications by taking into account the knowledge, values and informed preferences of recipients and donors and contributes to improved decision-making and clinical care. |
未来研究将用于评估需移植人选的知情选择的家庭经历。 | Future research can assess family experiences that support informed choice for potential transplant candidates. |
国家卫生行业标准WS/T 610-2018《7岁~18岁儿童青少年血压偏高筛查界值》的应用对规范中国儿童青少年的血压评价、及早发现儿童青少年血压偏高、加强高血压早期干预、促进慢性非传染性疾病预防关口前移有着极其重要的作用。 | The national health industry standard (WS/T 610-2018), 'the reference of screening for elevated blood pressure among children and adolescents aged 7-to 18-years-old', plays a significant role in the standardization of the blood pressure evaluation, the early detection of high blood pressure, and the early intervention of hypertension and other chronic non-communicable diseases among Chinese children and adolescents. |
该标准给出了不同性别、年龄别和身高别儿童青少年血压评价的筛查界值。 | This standard gives screening thresholds for blood pressure assessment of children and adolescents in different genders, ages, and heights. |
由于应用过程复杂，逐条评价或自行编写程序容易出错且效率较低。 | Given the complexity of applying this standard, it is error-prone and less efficient to evaluate blood pressure one by one or program this procedure. |
为此，本研究依据该标准编写了SPSS语法程序供研究者下载应用，并结合具体案例详细解释使用该标准评价儿童青少年血压的方法和步骤，这对于准确、高效地对儿童青少年进行血压筛查具有一定意义。 | Therefore, this study provides a SPSS package based on the standard for researchers to download and use, combined with specific cases to guide the use of this package to evaluate the blood pressure of children and adolescents step by step, which could empower researchers to accurately and efficiently conduct blood pressure screening for children and adolescents in China. |
目的：探讨可溶性耐药相关钙结合蛋白质(soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein，Sorcin)与卵巢癌化学药物治疗(以下简称化疗)耐药的关系及对患者生存时间的影响。 | To investigate the correlation between soluble resistance-related calcium-binding protein (Sorcin) and chemoresistance or overall survival in patients with ovarian cancer. |
方法：采用免疫组织化学方法检测27例卵巢癌化疗耐药和37例卵巢癌化疗敏感患者组织中Sorcin的表达情况，分析Sorcin与卵巢癌患者化疗耐药及临床病理特征的相关性；采用Log-rank检验对患者生存时间与Sorcin进行单因素影响分析；采用Cox回归模型分析各临床病理因素与生存时间之间的关系；采用Kaplan-Meier方法分析化疗耐药组与敏感组的生存率。 | Methods: We detected the expression of Sorcin in 27 cases of chemoresistant ovarian cancer tissue and 37 cases of sensitive ovarian cancer tissue by immunohistochemistry, and analyzed the relationship between the protein and clinicopathological features or chemoresistance of ovarian cancer. Log-rank test was used to analyze the single factor impact on overall survival, Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to describe survival curve, and Cox proportional hazard model was used for multivariate analysis. |
结果：卵巢癌化疗耐药组的Sorcin免疫组织化学半定量评分显著高于敏感组(P<0.001)。 | Results: The immunoreactive scores for Sorcin in chemoresistant ovarian cancer tissues were higher than those in the sensitive ovarian cancer tissues (P<0.001). |
64例卵巢癌患者Sorcin的表达在不同年龄组、有无腹水组、有无大网膜转移组、不同临床分期、不同病理分级和组织类型组间的比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。 | The levels of Sorcin inovarian cancer tissue did not show statistical significance with different ages, tumor stages, classifications, tissue types, degrees of ascites, omentums, and tumor metastases (P>0.05). |
64例卵巢癌患者的Sorcin表达与生存时间呈负相关(r=–0.326，P<0.05)。 | The correlation between Sorcin and overall survival in resistant and sensitive ovarian cancer groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05), while there was a negative correlation between the expression of Sorcin and the overall survival of total cases (r=-0.326, P<0.05). |
Log-rank检验显示Sorcin的表达升高对卵巢癌患者的生存时间有影响(P<0.05)。 Cox回归模型分析显示化疗耐药对生存时间有显著性影响[相对危险度(RR)为8.635，P<0.001]。 | Log-rank test showed that the drug resistance factor had a distinct impact on overall survival (P<0.001), and the Sorcin expression had an impact on overall survival (P<0.05). |
患者年龄、有无腹水、有无大网膜转移、临床分期、病理分级、组织类型对生存时间均无影响(P>0.05)。 | However, correlation between overall survival and the ages, ascites, omentum carcinoma, pathological types, pathological grade or FIGO staging was not significant (P>0.05). |
结论：Sorcin可能与卵巢癌化疗耐药相关。 | Conclusion: Sorcin may be associated with drug resistance in ovarian cancer. |
Sorcin表达水平可能影响卵巢癌患者的生存时间。 | The lower the Sorcin expression, the longer the survival time. |
化疗耐药是卵巢癌患者预后不良的独立危险因素。 | Chemoresistance may act as an important independent prognostic factor for the poor prognosis for ovarian cancer. |
外层视网膜管状结构（ORT）是指在频域相干光层析成像术（SD-OCT）中观察到的位于视网膜外核层的圆形或类圆形、边缘高反射信号而内腔相对低反射信号的异常结构，伴有局部视网膜外界膜中断、卷曲及视网膜色素上皮萎缩。 | The outer retinal tubular structure (ORT) indicates a round or oval-shaped structure with a highly reflective border and a relatively low reflective lumen on spectrum-domain coherence tomography. ORTs are located in the outer nuclear layer accompanied by disruption and curling of the external limiting membrane and retinal pigment epithelial atrophy. |
组织病理学研究认为ORT是光感受器细胞和外层视网膜在病理条件下发生的重构，是外层视网膜严重损伤的表现。 | Histopathological researches have revealed that ORTs are some kind of remodeling of the outer retina especially photoreceptors under pathological conditions, representing an advanced damage to the outer retina and a common final pathway of various retinal degenerative diseases. |
因此充分认识ORT，对临床开展相关眼底病治疗、判断预后十分重要。 | Therefore, raising awareness of ORTs is very important for guiding clinical treatment and judging prognosis. |
结果: CL316,243干预组的糖尿病小鼠的血糖水平呈降低趋势(20.58±3.55 vs. 23.60±3.90 mmol/L), 且甘油三酯和低密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显降低, 而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇明显升高。 | RESULTS Compared with untreated STZ-diabetic mice, CL316,243 treatment reduced blood glucose, albeit not significantly (20.58 ± 3.55 vs 23.60 ± 3.90 mM), and significantly decreased triglycerides and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and increased high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. |
同时, BAT激活显著降低糖尿病小鼠的24 h尿白蛋白水平(34.21±6.28 vs. 70.46±15.81 μg/24 h；P<0.05)和8-OHdG水平, 明显改善肾脏纤维化、炎症和氧化应激, 并改善肾脏形态学异常。 | Simultaneously, BAT activation significantly decreased 24-hour urinary albumin (34.21 ± 6.28 vs 70.46 ± 15.81 μg/24 h; P < 0.05) and 8-OHdG, improved renal fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress, and ameliorated renal morphological abnormalities. |
CL316,243干预不仅增强了糖尿病小鼠的BAT活性, 还显著提高了血清脂联素水平和肾脏Fgf 21敏感性, 激活了肾脏AMPK/Sirt1/Pgc1α信号通路。 | In addition to enhancing BAT activity, CL316,243 significantly increased serum adiponectin concentrations and renal Fgf21 sensitivity, and reactivated the renal AMPK/Sirt1/Pgc1α signaling pathway. |
此外, CL316,243干预可显著增加某些循环miRNAs水平, 并下调相应的肾脏靶基因表达。 | Furthermore, CL316,243 treatment increased levels of some circulating miRNAs and downregulated expression of their target genes in the kidney. |
椎体压缩骨折是老年骨质疏松人群最常见的骨折类型。 | Vertebral compression fractures(VCFs) are severe and common complications of osteoporosis. |
椎体压缩骨折大部分由骨量减低或骨质疏松症引起，小部分为脊柱转移瘤导致的病理性骨折，两者容易混淆。 | Most VCFs were caused by osteopenia or osteoporosis. Nevertheless, spinal metastases probably result in pathological fractures that easily confused with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures(OVCFs). |
椎体强化术中活检是排除病理性椎体压缩骨折的金标准。 | Using biopsy during vertebral augmentation(VA) is considered as the golden standard protocol to rule out pathological VCFs. |
目前，越来越多学者推荐在椎体强化术中进行常规活检以明确椎体压缩骨折的病因及诊断，避免以病理性椎体骨折为首发表现的转移癌的漏诊和误诊，对于转移癌患者，便于进行下一步治疗。 | Up to data, conventionally using biopsy during VA is suggested by more and more researchers to confirm the etiology of VCFs and to avoid missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis of spinal metastases with pathological vertebral fractures as the first manifestation. For patients with spinal metastases, histological evaluation of vertebral biopsy specimens is convenient for further treatment. |