Input:
In April, 1888,
Hon.

Output:
Eugene G. Blackford, of New York, purchased them of Mr. Frederick
D. Nowell, of North Platte, Nebraska, for $100 for the pair, and
presented them to the National Museum, in the hope that they might form
the nucleus of a herd to be owned and exhibited by the United States
Government in or near the city of Washington.


Input:
Eugene G. Blackford, of New York, purchased them of Mr. Frederick
D. Nowell, of North Platte, Nebraska, for $100 for the pair, and
presented them to the National Museum, in the hope that they might form
the nucleus of a herd to be owned and exhibited by the United States
Government in or near the city of Washington.

Output:
The two animals were
received in Ogalalla by Mr. Joseph Palmer, of the National Museum, and
by him they were brought on to Washington in May, in fine condition.


Input:
The two animals were
received in Ogalalla by Mr. Joseph Palmer, of the National Museum, and
by him they were brought on to Washington in May, in fine condition.

Output:
Since their arrival they have been exhibited to the public in a
temporary inclosure on the Smithsonian Grounds, and have attracted much
attention.


Input:
Since their arrival they have been exhibited to the public in a
temporary inclosure on the Smithsonian Grounds, and have attracted much
attention.

Output:
_Mr. B. C. Winston, of Hamline, Minnesota_, owns a pair of buffaloes,
one of which, a young bull, was caught by him in western Dakota in the
spring of 1886, soon after its birth.


Input:
_Mr. B. C. Winston, of Hamline, Minnesota_, owns a pair of buffaloes,
one of which, a young bull, was caught by him in western Dakota in the
spring of 1886, soon after its birth.

Output:
The cow was purchased at Rosseau,
Dakota Territory, a year later, for $225.


Input:
The cow was purchased at Rosseau,
Dakota Territory, a year later, for $225.

Output:
_Mr. I. P. Butler, of Colorado, Texas_, is the owner of a young bull
buffalo and a half-breed calf.


Input:
_Mr. I. P. Butler, of Colorado, Texas_, is the owner of a young bull
buffalo and a half-breed calf.

Output:
_Mr. Jesse Huston, of Miles City, Montana_, owns a fine five-year-old
bull buffalo.


Input:
_Mr. Jesse Huston, of Miles City, Montana_, owns a fine five-year-old
bull buffalo.

Output:
_Mr. L. F. Gardner, of Bellwood, Oregon_, is the owner of a large adult
bull.


Input:
_Mr. L. F. Gardner, of Bellwood, Oregon_, is the owner of a large adult
bull.

Output: _


Output:
The Riverside Ranch Company, south of Mandan, Dakota_, owns a pair of
full-blood buffaloes.


Input:
The Riverside Ranch Company, south of Mandan, Dakota_, owns a pair of
full-blood buffaloes.

Output: _


Output:
In Dakota_, in the hands of parties unknown, there are four full-blood
buffaloes.


Input:
In Dakota_, in the hands of parties unknown, there are four full-blood
buffaloes.

Output: _


Output:
Mr. James R. Hitch, of Optima, Indian Territory_, has a pair of young
buffaloes, which he has offered for sale for $750.

_


Input:
Mr. James R. Hitch, of Optima, Indian Territory_, has a pair of young
buffaloes, which he has offered for sale for $750.

_

Output:
Mr. Joseph A. Hudson, of Estell, Nebraska_, owns a three-year-old bull
buffalo, which is for sale.


Input:
Mr. Joseph A. Hudson, of Estell, Nebraska_, owns a three-year-old bull
buffalo, which is for sale.

Output: In other countries there are live specimens of _


Input: In other countries there are live specimens of _

Output:
Bison americanus_
reported as follows: two at Belleview Gardens, Manchester, England; one
at the Zoological Gardens, London; one at Liverpool, England (purchased
of Hon.


Input:
Bison americanus_
reported as follows: two at Belleview Gardens, Manchester, England; one
at the Zoological Gardens, London; one at Liverpool, England (purchased
of Hon.

Output:
W. F. Cody in 1888); two at the Zoological Gardens, Dresden; one
at the Zoological Gardens, Calcutta.


Input:
W. F. Cody in 1888); two at the Zoological Gardens, Dresden; one
at the Zoological Gardens, Calcutta.

Output:
+--------------------------------------------------+
|   _


Input:
+--------------------------------------------------+
|   _

Output:
Statistics of full-blood buffaloes       |    |
|     in captivity January 1, 1889.


Input:
Statistics of full-blood buffaloes       |    |
|     in captivity January 1, 1889.

Output: _          |    |


Input: _          |    |

Output:
+---------------------------------------------+----+
|Number kept for breeding purposes            | 216|
|Number kept for exhibition                   |  40|
|


Input:
+---------------------------------------------+----+
|Number kept for breeding purposes            | 216|
|Number kept for exhibition                   |  40|
|

Output:
| ---|
|     Total pure-blood buffaloes in captivity | 256|
|Wild buffaloes under Government              |    |
|protection in the Yellowstone Park           | 200|
|Number of mixed-breed buffalo-domestics      |  40|
+--------------------------------------------------+

There are, without doubt, a few half-breeds in Manitoba of which I have
no account.


Input:
| ---|
|     Total pure-blood buffaloes in captivity | 256|
|Wild buffaloes under Government              |    |
|protection in the Yellowstone Park           | 200|
|Number of mixed-breed buffalo-domestics      |  40|
+--------------------------------------------------+

There are, without doubt, a few half-breeds in Manitoba of which I have
no account.

Output:
It is probable there are also a very few more captive
buffaloes scattered singly here and there which will be heard of later,
but the total will be a very small number, I am sure.


Input:
It is probable there are also a very few more captive
buffaloes scattered singly here and there which will be heard of later,
but the total will be a very small number, I am sure.

Output: PART II.--THE EXTERMINATION.


Input: PART II.--THE EXTERMINATION.

Output: I. CAUSES OF THE EXTERMINATION.


Input: I. CAUSES OF THE EXTERMINATION.

Output:
The causes which led to the practical extinction (in a wild state, at
least) of the most economically valuable wild animal that ever inhabited
the American continent, are by no means obscure.


Input:
The causes which led to the practical extinction (in a wild state, at
least) of the most economically valuable wild animal that ever inhabited
the American continent, are by no means obscure.

Output:
It is well that we
should know precisely what they were, and by the sad fate of the buffalo
be warned in time against allowing similar causes to produce the same
results with our elk, antelope, deer, moose, caribou, mountain sheep,
mountain goat, walrus, and other animals.


Input:
It is well that we
should know precisely what they were, and by the sad fate of the buffalo
be warned in time against allowing similar causes to produce the same
results with our elk, antelope, deer, moose, caribou, mountain sheep,
mountain goat, walrus, and other animals.

Output:
It will be doubly deplorable
if the remorseless slaughter we have witnessed during the last twenty
years carries with it no lessons for the future.


Input:
It will be doubly deplorable
if the remorseless slaughter we have witnessed during the last twenty
years carries with it no lessons for the future.

Output:
A continuation of the
record we have lately made as wholesale game butchers will justify
posterity in dating us back with the mound-builders and cave-dwellers,
when man's only known function was to slay and eat.


Input:
A continuation of the
record we have lately made as wholesale game butchers will justify
posterity in dating us back with the mound-builders and cave-dwellers,
when man's only known function was to slay and eat.

Output:
The primary cause of the buffalo's extermination, and the one which
embraced all others, was the descent of civilization, with all its
elements of destructiveness, upon the whole of the country inhabited by
that animal.


Input:
The primary cause of the buffalo's extermination, and the one which
embraced all others, was the descent of civilization, with all its
elements of destructiveness, upon the whole of the country inhabited by
that animal.

Output:
From the Great Slave Lake to the Rio Grande the home of the
buffalo was everywhere overrun by the man with a gun; and, as has ever
been the case, the wild creatures were gradually swept away, the largest
and most conspicuous forms being the first to go.


Input:
From the Great Slave Lake to the Rio Grande the home of the
buffalo was everywhere overrun by the man with a gun; and, as has ever
been the case, the wild creatures were gradually swept away, the largest
and most conspicuous forms being the first to go.

Output:
The secondary causes of the extermination of the buffalo may be
catalogued as follows:

(1) Man's reckless greed, his wanton destructiveness, and improvidence
in not husbanding such resources as come to him from the hand of nature
ready made.


Input:
The secondary causes of the extermination of the buffalo may be
catalogued as follows:

(1) Man's reckless greed, his wanton destructiveness, and improvidence
in not husbanding such resources as come to him from the hand of nature
ready made.

Output:
(2) The total and utterly inexcusable absence of protective measures and
agencies on the part of the National Government and of the West States
and Territories.


Input:
(2) The total and utterly inexcusable absence of protective measures and
agencies on the part of the National Government and of the West States
and Territories.

Output:
(3) The fatal preference on the part of hunters generally, both white
and red, for the robe and flesh of the cow over that furnished by the
bull.


Input:
(3) The fatal preference on the part of hunters generally, both white
and red, for the robe and flesh of the cow over that furnished by the
bull.

Output:
(4) The phenomenal stupidity of the animals themselves, and their
indifference to man.


Input:
(4) The phenomenal stupidity of the animals themselves, and their
indifference to man.

Output:
(5) The perfection of modern breech-loading rifles and other sporting
fire-arms in general.


Input:
(5) The perfection of modern breech-loading rifles and other sporting
fire-arms in general.

Output:
Each of these causes acted against the buffalo with its fall force, to
offset which there was _not even one_ restraining or preserving
influence, and it is not to be wondered at that the species went down
before them.


Input:
Each of these causes acted against the buffalo with its fall force, to
offset which there was _not even one_ restraining or preserving
influence, and it is not to be wondered at that the species went down
before them.

Output:
Had any one of these conditions been eliminated the result
would have been reached far less quickly.


Input:
Had any one of these conditions been eliminated the result
would have been reached far less quickly.

Output:
Had the buffalo, for example,
possessed one-half the fighting qualities of the grizzly bear he would
have fared very differently, but his inoffensiveness and lack of courage
almost leads one to doubt the wisdom of the economy of nature so far as
it relates to him.


Input:
Had the buffalo, for example,
possessed one-half the fighting qualities of the grizzly bear he would
have fared very differently, but his inoffensiveness and lack of courage
almost leads one to doubt the wisdom of the economy of nature so far as
it relates to him.

Output: II.


Input: II.

Output: METHODS OF SLAUGHTER.


Input: METHODS OF SLAUGHTER.

Output: 1. _


Input: 1. _

Output:
The still-hunt._--Of all the deadly methods of buffalo slaughter,
the still-hunt was the deadliest.


Input:
The still-hunt._--Of all the deadly methods of buffalo slaughter,
the still-hunt was the deadliest.

Output:
Of all the methods that were
unsportsmanlike, unfair, ignoble, and utterly reprehensible, this was in
every respect the lowest and the worst.


Input:
Of all the methods that were
unsportsmanlike, unfair, ignoble, and utterly reprehensible, this was in
every respect the lowest and the worst.

Output:
Destitute of nearly every
element of the buoyant excitement and spice of danger that accompanied
genuine buffalo hunting on horseback, the still-hunt was mere butchery
of the tamest and yet most cruel kind.


Input:
Destitute of nearly every
element of the buoyant excitement and spice of danger that accompanied
genuine buffalo hunting on horseback, the still-hunt was mere butchery
of the tamest and yet most cruel kind.

Output:
About it there was none of the
true excitement of the chase; but there was plenty of greedy eagerness
to "down" as many "head" as possible every day, just as there is in
every slaughter-house where the killers are paid so much per head.


Input:
About it there was none of the
true excitement of the chase; but there was plenty of greedy eagerness
to "down" as many "head" as possible every day, just as there is in
every slaughter-house where the killers are paid so much per head.

Output:
Judging from all accounts, it was about as exciting and dangerous work
as it would be to go out now and shoot cattle on the Texas or Montana
ranges.


Input:
Judging from all accounts, it was about as exciting and dangerous work
as it would be to go out now and shoot cattle on the Texas or Montana
ranges.

Output:
The probabilities are, however, that shooting Texas cattle would
be the most dangerous; for, instead of running from a man on foot, as
the buffalo used to do, range cattle usually charge down upon him, from
motives of curiosity, perhaps, and not infrequently place his life in
considerable jeopardy.


Input:
The probabilities are, however, that shooting Texas cattle would
be the most dangerous; for, instead of running from a man on foot, as
the buffalo used to do, range cattle usually charge down upon him, from
motives of curiosity, perhaps, and not infrequently place his life in
considerable jeopardy.

Output:
The buffalo owes his extermination very largely to his own unparalleled
stupidity; for nothing else could by any possibility have enabled the
still-hunters to accomplish what they did in such an incredibly short
time.


Input:
The buffalo owes his extermination very largely to his own unparalleled
stupidity; for nothing else could by any possibility have enabled the
still-hunters to accomplish what they did in such an incredibly short
time.

Output:
So long as the chase on horseback was the order of the day, it
ordinarily required the united efforts of from fifteen to twenty-five
hunters to kill a thousand buffalo in a single season; but a single
still-hunter, with a long-range breech-loader, who knew how to make a
"sneak" and get "a stand on a bunch," often succeeded in killing from
one to three thousand in one season by his own unaided efforts.


Input:
So long as the chase on horseback was the order of the day, it
ordinarily required the united efforts of from fifteen to twenty-five
hunters to kill a thousand buffalo in a single season; but a single
still-hunter, with a long-range breech-loader, who knew how to make a
"sneak" and get "a stand on a bunch," often succeeded in killing from
one to three thousand in one season by his own unaided efforts.

Output:
Capt.
Jack Brydges, of Kansas, who was one of the first to begin the final
slaughter of the southern herd, killed, by contract, one thousand one
hundred and forty-two buffaloes in six weeks.


Input:
Capt.
Jack Brydges, of Kansas, who was one of the first to begin the final
slaughter of the southern herd, killed, by contract, one thousand one
hundred and forty-two buffaloes in six weeks.

Output:
So long as the buffalo remained in large herds their numbers gave each
individual a feeling of dependence upon his fellows and of general
security from harm, even in the presence of strange phenomena which he
could not understand.


Input:
So long as the buffalo remained in large herds their numbers gave each
individual a feeling of dependence upon his fellows and of general
security from harm, even in the presence of strange phenomena which he
could not understand.

Output:
When he heard a loud report and saw a little cloud
of white smoke rising from a gully, a clump of sage-brash, or the top of
a ridge, 200 yards away, he wondered what it meant, and held himself in
readiness to follow his leader in case she should run away.


Input:
When he heard a loud report and saw a little cloud
of white smoke rising from a gully, a clump of sage-brash, or the top of
a ridge, 200 yards away, he wondered what it meant, and held himself in
readiness to follow his leader in case she should run away.

Output:
But when the
leader of the herd, usually the oldest cow, fell bleeding upon the
ground, and no other buffalo promptly assumed the leadership of the
herd, instead of acting independently and fleeing from the alarm, he
merely did as he saw the others do, and waited his turn to be shot.


Input:
But when the
leader of the herd, usually the oldest cow, fell bleeding upon the
ground, and no other buffalo promptly assumed the leadership of the
herd, instead of acting independently and fleeing from the alarm, he
merely did as he saw the others do, and waited his turn to be shot.

Output:
Latterly, however, when the herds were totally broken up, when the few
survivors were scattered in every direction, and it became a case of
every buffalo for himself, they became wild and wary, ever ready to
start off at the slightest alarm, and run indefinitely.


Input:
Latterly, however, when the herds were totally broken up, when the few
survivors were scattered in every direction, and it became a case of
every buffalo for himself, they became wild and wary, ever ready to
start off at the slightest alarm, and run indefinitely.

Output:
Had they shown
the same wariness seventeen years ago that the survivors have manifested
during the last three or four years, there would now be a hundred
thousand head alive instead of only about three hundred in a wild and
unprotected state.


Input:
Had they shown
the same wariness seventeen years ago that the survivors have manifested
during the last three or four years, there would now be a hundred
thousand head alive instead of only about three hundred in a wild and
unprotected state.

Output:
Notwithstanding the merciless war that had been waged against the
buffalo for over a century by both whites and Indians, and the steady
decrease of its numbers, as well as its range, there were several
million head on foot, not only up to the completion of the Union Pacific
Railway, but as late as the year 1870.


Input:
Notwithstanding the merciless war that had been waged against the
buffalo for over a century by both whites and Indians, and the steady
decrease of its numbers, as well as its range, there were several
million head on foot, not only up to the completion of the Union Pacific
Railway, but as late as the year 1870.

Output:
Up to that time the killing done
by white men had been chiefly for the sake of meat, the demand for robes
was moderate, and the Indians took annually less than one hundred
thousand for trading.


Input:
Up to that time the killing done
by white men had been chiefly for the sake of meat, the demand for robes
was moderate, and the Indians took annually less than one hundred
thousand for trading.

Output:
Although half a million buffaloes were killed by
Indians, half-breeds, and whites, the natural increase was so very
considerable as to make it seem that the evil day of extermination was
yet far distant.


Input:
Although half a million buffaloes were killed by
Indians, half-breeds, and whites, the natural increase was so very
considerable as to make it seem that the evil day of extermination was
yet far distant.

Output:
But by a coincidence which was fatal to the buffalo, with the building
of three lines of railway through the most populous buffalo country
there came a demand for robes and hides, backed up by an unlimited
supply of new and marvellously accurate breech-loading rifles and fixed
ammunition.


Input:
But by a coincidence which was fatal to the buffalo, with the building
of three lines of railway through the most populous buffalo country
there came a demand for robes and hides, backed up by an unlimited
supply of new and marvellously accurate breech-loading rifles and fixed
ammunition.

Output:
And then followed a wild rush of hunters to the buffalo
country, eager to destroy as many head as possible in the shortest time.


Input:
And then followed a wild rush of hunters to the buffalo
country, eager to destroy as many head as possible in the shortest time.

Output:
For those greedy ones the chase on horseback was "too slow" and too
unfruitful.


Input:
For those greedy ones the chase on horseback was "too slow" and too
unfruitful.

Output:
That was a retail method of killing, whereas they wanted to
kill by wholesale.


Input:
That was a retail method of killing, whereas they wanted to
kill by wholesale.

Output:
From their point of view, the still-hunt or "sneak"
hunt was the method _par excellence_.


Input:
From their point of view, the still-hunt or "sneak"
hunt was the method _par excellence_.

Output:
If they could have obtained
Gatling guns with which to mow down a whole herd at a time, beyond a
doubt they would have gladly used them.


Input:
If they could have obtained
Gatling guns with which to mow down a whole herd at a time, beyond a
doubt they would have gladly used them.

Output:
The still-hunt was seen at its very worst in the years 1871, 1872, and
1873, on the southern buffalo range, and ten years later at its best in
Montana, on the northern.


Input:
The still-hunt was seen at its very worst in the years 1871, 1872, and
1873, on the southern buffalo range, and ten years later at its best in
Montana, on the northern.

Output:
Let us first consider it at its best, which in
principle was bad enough.


Input:
Let us first consider it at its best, which in
principle was bad enough.

Output:
The great rise in the price of robes which followed the blotting out of
the great southern herd at once put buffalo-hunting on a much more
comfortable and respectable business basis in the North than it had ever
occupied in the South, where prices had all along been phenomenally low.


Input:
The great rise in the price of robes which followed the blotting out of
the great southern herd at once put buffalo-hunting on a much more
comfortable and respectable business basis in the North than it had ever
occupied in the South, where prices had all along been phenomenally low.

Output:
In Montana it was no uncommon thing for a hunter to invest from $1,000
to $2,000 in his "outfit" of horses, wagons, weapons, ammunition,
provisions, and sundries.


Input:
In Montana it was no uncommon thing for a hunter to invest from $1,000
to $2,000 in his "outfit" of horses, wagons, weapons, ammunition,
provisions, and sundries.

Output:
One of the men who accompanied the Smithsonian Expedition for Buffalo,
Mr. James McNaney, of Miles City, Montana, was an ex-buffalo banter, who
had spent three seasons on the northern range, killing buffalo for their
robes, and his standing as a hunter was of the best.


Input:
One of the men who accompanied the Smithsonian Expedition for Buffalo,
Mr. James McNaney, of Miles City, Montana, was an ex-buffalo banter, who
had spent three seasons on the northern range, killing buffalo for their
robes, and his standing as a hunter was of the best.

Output:
A brief description
of his outfit and its work during its last season on the range
(1882-'83) may fairly be taken as a typical illustration of the life and
work of the still-hunter at its best.


Input:
A brief description
of his outfit and its work during its last season on the range
(1882-'83) may fairly be taken as a typical illustration of the life and
work of the still-hunter at its best.

Output:
The only thing against it was the
extermination of the buffalo.


Input:
The only thing against it was the
extermination of the buffalo.

Output:
During the winters of 1880 and 1881 Mr. McNaney had served in Maxwell's
outfit as a hunter, working by the month, but his success in killing was
such that he decided to work the third year on his own account.


Input:
During the winters of 1880 and 1881 Mr. McNaney had served in Maxwell's
outfit as a hunter, working by the month, but his success in killing was
such that he decided to work the third year on his own account.

Output:
Although
at that time only seventeen years of age, he took an elder brother as a
partner, and purchased an outfit in Miles City, of which the following
were the principal items: Two wagons, 2 four-horse teams, 2
saddle-horses, 2 wall-tents, 1 cook-stove with pipe, 1 40-90 Sharp's
rifle (breech-loading), 1 45-70 Sharps rifle (breech-loading), 1 45-120
Sharps rifle (breech-loading), 50 pounds gunpowder, 550 pounds lead,
4,500 primers, 600 brass shells, 4 sheets patch-paper, 60 Wilson
skinning knives, 3 butcher's steels, 1 portable grindstone, flour,
bacon, baking-powder, coffee, sugar, molasses, dried apples, canned
vegetables, beans, etc., in quantity.


Input:
Although
at that time only seventeen years of age, he took an elder brother as a
partner, and purchased an outfit in Miles City, of which the following
were the principal items: Two wagons, 2 four-horse teams, 2
saddle-horses, 2 wall-tents, 1 cook-stove with pipe, 1 40-90 Sharp's
rifle (breech-loading), 1 45-70 Sharps rifle (breech-loading), 1 45-120
Sharps rifle (breech-loading), 50 pounds gunpowder, 550 pounds lead,
4,500 primers, 600 brass shells, 4 sheets patch-paper, 60 Wilson
skinning knives, 3 butcher's steels, 1 portable grindstone, flour,
bacon, baking-powder, coffee, sugar, molasses, dried apples, canned
vegetables, beans, etc., in quantity.

Output: The entire cost of the outfit was about $1,400.


Input: The entire cost of the outfit was about $1,400.

Output:
Two men were hired for
the season at $50 per month, and the party started from Miles City on
November 10, which was considered a very late start.


Input:
Two men were hired for
the season at $50 per month, and the party started from Miles City on
November 10, which was considered a very late start.

Output:
The usual time of
setting out for the range was about October 1.


Input:
The usual time of
setting out for the range was about October 1.

Output:
The outfit went by rail northeastward to Terry, and from thence across
country south and east about 100 miles, around the head of O'Fallon
Creek to the head of Beaver Creek, a tributary of the Little Missouri.


Input:
The outfit went by rail northeastward to Terry, and from thence across
country south and east about 100 miles, around the head of O'Fallon
Creek to the head of Beaver Creek, a tributary of the Little Missouri.

Output:
A
good range was selected, without encroachment upon the domains of the
hunters already in the field, and the camp was made near the bank of the
creek, close to a supply of wood and water, and screened from distant
observation by a circle of hills and ridges.


Input:
A
good range was selected, without encroachment upon the domains of the
hunters already in the field, and the camp was made near the bank of the
creek, close to a supply of wood and water, and screened from distant
observation by a circle of hills and ridges.

Output:
The two rectangular
wall-tents were set up end to end, with the cook-stove in the middle,
where the ends came together.


Input:
The two rectangular
wall-tents were set up end to end, with the cook-stove in the middle,
where the ends came together.

Output:
In one tent the cooking and eating was
done, and the other contained the beds.


Input:
In one tent the cooking and eating was
done, and the other contained the beds.

Output:
It was planned that the various members of the party should cook turn
about, a week at a time, but one of them soon developed such a rare and
conspicuous talent for bread-making and general cookery that he was
elected by acclamation to cook during the entire season.


Input:
It was planned that the various members of the party should cook turn
about, a week at a time, but one of them soon developed such a rare and
conspicuous talent for bread-making and general cookery that he was
elected by acclamation to cook during the entire season.

Output:
To the other
three members fell the hunting.


Input:
To the other
three members fell the hunting.

Output:
Each man hunted separately from the
others, and skinned all the animals that his rifle brought down.


Input:
Each man hunted separately from the
others, and skinned all the animals that his rifle brought down.

Output:
There were buffalo on the range when the hunters arrived, and the
killing began at once.


Input:
There were buffalo on the range when the hunters arrived, and the
killing began at once.

Output:
At daylight the still-hunter sallied forth on
foot, carrying in his hand his huge Sharps rifle, weighing from 16 to 19
pounds, with from seventy-five to one hundred loaded cartridges in his
two belts or his pockets.


Input:
At daylight the still-hunter sallied forth on
foot, carrying in his hand his huge Sharps rifle, weighing from 16 to 19
pounds, with from seventy-five to one hundred loaded cartridges in his
two belts or his pockets.

Output:
At his side, depending from his belt, hung his
"hunter's companion," a flat leather scabbard, containing a ripping
knife, a skinning knife, and a butcher's steel upon which to sharpen
them.


Input:
At his side, depending from his belt, hung his
"hunter's companion," a flat leather scabbard, containing a ripping
knife, a skinning knife, and a butcher's steel upon which to sharpen
them.

Output:
The total weight carried was very considerable, seldom less than
36 pounds, and often more.


Input:
The total weight carried was very considerable, seldom less than
36 pounds, and often more.

Output:
Inasmuch as it was highly important to move camp as seldom as possible
in the course of a season's work, the hunter exercised the greatest
precaution in killing his game, and had ever before his mind the
necessity of doing his killing without frightening away the survivors.


Input:
Inasmuch as it was highly important to move camp as seldom as possible
in the course of a season's work, the hunter exercised the greatest
precaution in killing his game, and had ever before his mind the
necessity of doing his killing without frightening away the survivors.

Output:
With ten thousand buffaloes on their range, it was considered the height
of good luck to find a "bunch" of fifty head in a secluded "draw" or
hollow, where it was possible to "make a kill" without disturbing the
big herd.


Input:
With ten thousand buffaloes on their range, it was considered the height
of good luck to find a "bunch" of fifty head in a secluded "draw" or
hollow, where it was possible to "make a kill" without disturbing the
big herd.

Output:
The still-hunter usually went on foot, for when buffaloes became so
scarce as to make it necessary for him to ride his occupation was
practically gone.


Input:
The still-hunter usually went on foot, for when buffaloes became so
scarce as to make it necessary for him to ride his occupation was
practically gone.

Output:
At the time I speak of, the hunter seldom had to walk
more than 3 miles from camp to find buffalo, in case there were any at
all on his range, and it was usually an advantage to be without a horse.


Input:
At the time I speak of, the hunter seldom had to walk
more than 3 miles from camp to find buffalo, in case there were any at
all on his range, and it was usually an advantage to be without a horse.

Output:
From the top of a ridge or high butte the country was carefully scanned,
and if several small herds were in sight the one easiest to approach was
selected as the one to attack.


Input:
From the top of a ridge or high butte the country was carefully scanned,
and if several small herds were in sight the one easiest to approach was
selected as the one to attack.

Output:
It was far better to find a herd lying
down or quietly grazing, or sheltering from a cold wind, than to find it
traveling, for while a hard run of a mile or two often enabled the
hunter to "head off" a moving herd and kill a certain number of animals
out of it, the net results were never half so satisfactory as with herds
absolutely at rest.


Input:
It was far better to find a herd lying
down or quietly grazing, or sheltering from a cold wind, than to find it
traveling, for while a hard run of a mile or two often enabled the
hunter to "head off" a moving herd and kill a certain number of animals
out of it, the net results were never half so satisfactory as with herds
absolutely at rest.

Output:
Having decided upon an attack, the hunter gets to leeward of his game,
and approaches it according to the nature of the ground.


Input:
Having decided upon an attack, the hunter gets to leeward of his game,
and approaches it according to the nature of the ground.

Output:
If it is in a
hollow, he secures a position at the top of the nearest ridge, as close
as he can get.


Input:
If it is in a
hollow, he secures a position at the top of the nearest ridge, as close
as he can get.

Output:
If it is in a level "flat," he looks for a gully up which
he can skulk until within good rifle-shot.


Input:
If it is in a level "flat," he looks for a gully up which
he can skulk until within good rifle-shot.

Output:
If there is no gully, he may
be obliged to crawl half a mile on his hands and knees, often through
snow or amongst beds of prickly pear, taking advantage of even such
scanty cover as sage-brush affords.


Input:
If there is no gully, he may
be obliged to crawl half a mile on his hands and knees, often through
snow or amongst beds of prickly pear, taking advantage of even such
scanty cover as sage-brush affords.

Output:
Some Montana still-hunters adopted
the method of drawing a gunny-sack over the entire upper half of the
body, with holes cut for the eyes and arms, which simple but
unpicturesque arrangement often enabled the hunter to approach his
game much more easily and more closely than would otherwise have been
possible.


Input:
Some Montana still-hunters adopted
the method of drawing a gunny-sack over the entire upper half of the
body, with holes cut for the eyes and arms, which simple but
unpicturesque arrangement often enabled the hunter to approach his
game much more easily and more closely than would otherwise have been
possible.

Output:
[Illustration: STILL-HUNTING BUFFALOES ON THE NORTHERN RANGE.
From a painting by J. H. Moser, in the National Museum.]


Input:
[Illustration: STILL-HUNTING BUFFALOES ON THE NORTHERN RANGE.
From a painting by J. H. Moser, in the National Museum.]

Output:
Having secured a position within from 100 to 250 yards of his game
(often the distance was much greater), the hunter secures a comfortable
rest for his huge rifle, all the time keeping his own person thoroughly
hidden from view, estimates the distance, carefully adjusts his sights,
and begins business.


Input:
Having secured a position within from 100 to 250 yards of his game
(often the distance was much greater), the hunter secures a comfortable
rest for his huge rifle, all the time keeping his own person thoroughly
hidden from view, estimates the distance, carefully adjusts his sights,
and begins business.

Output:
If the herd is moving, the animal in the lead is
the first one shot, close behind the fore leg and about a foot above the
brisket, which sends the ball through the lungs.


Input:
If the herd is moving, the animal in the lead is
the first one shot, close behind the fore leg and about a foot above the
brisket, which sends the ball through the lungs.

Output:
If the herd is at rest,
the oldest cow is always supposed to be the leader, and she is the one
to kill first.


Input:
If the herd is at rest,
the oldest cow is always supposed to be the leader, and she is the one
to kill first.

Output:
The noise startles the buffaloes, they stare at the
little cloud of white smoke and feel inclined to run, but seeing their
leader hesitate they wait for her.


Input:
The noise startles the buffaloes, they stare at the
little cloud of white smoke and feel inclined to run, but seeing their
leader hesitate they wait for her.

Output:
She, when struck, gives a violent
start forward, but soon stops, and the blood begins to run from her
nostrils in two bright crimson streams.


Input:
She, when struck, gives a violent
start forward, but soon stops, and the blood begins to run from her
nostrils in two bright crimson streams.

Output:
In a couple of minutes her body
sways unsteadily, she staggers, tries hard to keep her feet, but soon
gives a lurch sidewise and falls.


Input:
In a couple of minutes her body
sways unsteadily, she staggers, tries hard to keep her feet, but soon
gives a lurch sidewise and falls.

Output:
Some of the other members of the herd
come around her and stare and sniff in wide-eyed wonder, and one of the
more wary starts to lead the herd away.


Input:
Some of the other members of the herd
come around her and stare and sniff in wide-eyed wonder, and one of the
more wary starts to lead the herd away.

Output:
But before she takes half a
dozen steps "bang!" goes the hidden rifle again, and her leadership is
ended forever.


Input:
But before she takes half a
dozen steps "bang!" goes the hidden rifle again, and her leadership is
ended forever.

Output:
Her fall only increases the bewilderment of the survivors
over a proceeding which to them is strange and unaccountable, because
the danger is not visible.


Input:
Her fall only increases the bewilderment of the survivors
over a proceeding which to them is strange and unaccountable, because
the danger is not visible.

Output:
They cluster around the fallen ones, sniff at
the warm blood, bawl aloud in wonderment, and do everything but run
away.


Input:
They cluster around the fallen ones, sniff at
the warm blood, bawl aloud in wonderment, and do everything but run
away.

Output:
The policy of the hunter is to not fire too rapidly, but to attend
closely to business, and every time a buffalo attempts to make off,
shoot it down.


Input:
The policy of the hunter is to not fire too rapidly, but to attend
closely to business, and every time a buffalo attempts to make off,
shoot it down.

Output:
One shot per minute was a moderate rate of firing, but
under pressure of circumstances two per minute could be discharged with
deliberate precision.


Input:
One shot per minute was a moderate rate of firing, but
under pressure of circumstances two per minute could be discharged with
deliberate precision.

Output:
With the most accurate hunting rifle ever made, a
"dead rest," and a large mark practically motionless, it was no wonder
that nearly every shot meant a dead buffalo.


Input:
With the most accurate hunting rifle ever made, a
"dead rest," and a large mark practically motionless, it was no wonder
that nearly every shot meant a dead buffalo.

Output:
The vital spot on a buffalo
which stands with its side to the hunter is about a foot in diameter,
and on a full-grown bull is considerably more.


Input:
The vital spot on a buffalo
which stands with its side to the hunter is about a foot in diameter,
and on a full-grown bull is considerably more.

Output:
Under such conditions as
the above, which was called getting "a stand," the hunter nurses his
victims just as an angler plays a big fish with light tackle, and in the
most methodical manner murders them one by one, either until the last
one falls, his cartridges are all expended, or the stupid brutes come to
their senses and run away.


Input:
Under such conditions as
the above, which was called getting "a stand," the hunter nurses his
victims just as an angler plays a big fish with light tackle, and in the
most methodical manner murders them one by one, either until the last
one falls, his cartridges are all expended, or the stupid brutes come to
their senses and run away.

Output:
Occasionally the poor fellow was troubled by
having his rifle get too hot to use, but if a snow-bank was at hand he
would thrust the weapon into it without ceremony to cool it off.


Input:
Occasionally the poor fellow was troubled by
having his rifle get too hot to use, but if a snow-bank was at hand he
would thrust the weapon into it without ceremony to cool it off.

Output: A success in getting a stand meant the slaughter of a good-sized herd.


Input: A success in getting a stand meant the slaughter of a good-sized herd.

Output:
A
hunter whom I met in Montana, Mr. Harry Andrews, told me that he once
fired one hundred and fifteen shots from one spot and killed sixty-three
buffalo in less than an hour.


Input:
A
hunter whom I met in Montana, Mr. Harry Andrews, told me that he once
fired one hundred and fifteen shots from one spot and killed sixty-three
buffalo in less than an hour.

Output:
The highest number Mr. McNaney ever knew
of being killed in one stand was ninety-one head, but Colonel Dodge
once counted one hundred and twelve carcasses of buffalo "inside of a
semicircle of 200 yards radius, all of which were killed by one man from
the same spot, and in less than three-quarters of an hour.


Input:
The highest number Mr. McNaney ever knew
of being killed in one stand was ninety-one head, but Colonel Dodge
once counted one hundred and twelve carcasses of buffalo "inside of a
semicircle of 200 yards radius, all of which were killed by one man from
the same spot, and in less than three-quarters of an hour.

Output:
"

The "kill" being completed, the hunter then addressed himself to the
task of skinning his victims.


Input:
"

The "kill" being completed, the hunter then addressed himself to the
task of skinning his victims.

Output:
The northern hunters were seldom guilty of
the reckless carelessness and lack of enterprise in the treatment of
robes which at one time was so prominent a feature of work on the
southern range.


Input:
The northern hunters were seldom guilty of
the reckless carelessness and lack of enterprise in the treatment of
robes which at one time was so prominent a feature of work on the
southern range.

Output:
By the time white men began to hunt for robes on the
northern range, buffalo were becoming comparatively scarce, and robes
were worth from $2 to $4 each.


Input:
By the time white men began to hunt for robes on the
northern range, buffalo were becoming comparatively scarce, and robes
were worth from $2 to $4 each.

Output:
The fur-buyers had taught the hunters,
with the potent argument of hard cash, that a robe carefully and neatly
taken off, stretched, and kept reasonably free from blood and dirt, was
worth more money in the market than one taken off in a slovenly manner,
and contrary to the nicer demands of the trade.


Input:
The fur-buyers had taught the hunters,
with the potent argument of hard cash, that a robe carefully and neatly
taken off, stretched, and kept reasonably free from blood and dirt, was
worth more money in the market than one taken off in a slovenly manner,
and contrary to the nicer demands of the trade.

Output:
After 1880, buffalo on
the northern range were skinned with considerable care, and amongst the
robe-hunters not one was allowed to become a loss when it was possible
to prevent it.


Input:
After 1880, buffalo on
the northern range were skinned with considerable care, and amongst the
robe-hunters not one was allowed to become a loss when it was possible
to prevent it.

Output:
Every full-sized cow robe was considered equal to $3.50
in hard cash, and treated accordingly.


Input:
Every full-sized cow robe was considered equal to $3.50
in hard cash, and treated accordingly.

Output:
The hunter, or skinner, always
stretched every robe out on the ground to its fullest extent while it
was yet warm, and cut the initials of his employer in the thin
subcutaneous muscle which always adhered to the inside of the skin.


Input:
The hunter, or skinner, always
stretched every robe out on the ground to its fullest extent while it
was yet warm, and cut the initials of his employer in the thin
subcutaneous muscle which always adhered to the inside of the skin.

Output:
A
warm skin is very elastic, and when stretched upon the ground the hair
holds it in shape until it either dries or freezes, and so retains its
full size.


Input:
A
warm skin is very elastic, and when stretched upon the ground the hair
holds it in shape until it either dries or freezes, and so retains its
full size.

Output:
On the northern range skins were so valuable that many a
dispute arose between rival outfits over the ownership of a dead
buffalo, some of which produced serious results.


Input:
On the northern range skins were so valuable that many a
dispute arose between rival outfits over the ownership of a dead
buffalo, some of which produced serious results.

Output: 2. _


Input: 2. _

Output: The chase on horseback or "running buffalo.


Input: The chase on horseback or "running buffalo.

Output:
"_--Next to the
still-hunt the method called "running buffalo" was the most fatal to the
race, and the one most universally practiced.


Input:
"_--Next to the
still-hunt the method called "running buffalo" was the most fatal to the
race, and the one most universally practiced.

Output:
To all hunters, save
greedy white men, the chase on horseback yielded spoil sufficient for
every need, and it also furnished sport of a superior kind--manly,
exhilarating, and well spiced with danger.


Input:
To all hunters, save
greedy white men, the chase on horseback yielded spoil sufficient for
every need, and it also furnished sport of a superior kind--manly,
exhilarating, and well spiced with danger.

Output:
Even the horses shared the
excitement and eagerness of their riders.


Input:
Even the horses shared the
excitement and eagerness of their riders.

Output:
So long as the weapons of the Indian consisted only of the bow and arrow
and the spear, he was obliged to kill at close quarters or not at all.


Input:
So long as the weapons of the Indian consisted only of the bow and arrow
and the spear, he was obliged to kill at close quarters or not at all.

Output:
And even when fire-arms were first placed in his hands their caliber was
so small, the charge so light, and the Indian himself so poor a marksman
at long range, that his best course was still to gallop alongside the
herd on his favorite "buffalo horse" and kill at the shortest possible
range.


Input:
And even when fire-arms were first placed in his hands their caliber was
so small, the charge so light, and the Indian himself so poor a marksman
at long range, that his best course was still to gallop alongside the
herd on his favorite "buffalo horse" and kill at the shortest possible
range.

Output:
From all accounts, the Red River half-breeds, who hunted almost
exclusively with fire-arms, never dreamed of the deadly still hunt, but
always killed their game by "running" it.


Input:
From all accounts, the Red River half-breeds, who hunted almost
exclusively with fire-arms, never dreamed of the deadly still hunt, but
always killed their game by "running" it.

Output:
In former times even the white men of the plains did the most of their
buffalo hunting on horseback, using the largest-sized Colt's revolver,
sometimes one in each hand, until the repeating-rifle made its
appearance, which in a great measure displaced the revolver in running
buffalo.


Input:
In former times even the white men of the plains did the most of their
buffalo hunting on horseback, using the largest-sized Colt's revolver,
sometimes one in each hand, until the repeating-rifle made its
appearance, which in a great measure displaced the revolver in running
buffalo.

Output:
But about that time began the mad warfare for "robes" and
"hides," and the only fair and sportsmanlike method of hunting was
declared too slow for the greedy buffalo-skinners.


Input:
But about that time began the mad warfare for "robes" and
"hides," and the only fair and sportsmanlike method of hunting was
declared too slow for the greedy buffalo-skinners.

Output: Then came the cold-blooded butchery of the still-hunt.


Input: Then came the cold-blooded butchery of the still-hunt.

Output:
From that time on
the buffalo as a game animal steadily lost caste.


Input:
From that time on
the buffalo as a game animal steadily lost caste.

Output:
It soon came to be
universally considered that there was no sport in hunting buffalo.


Input:
It soon came to be
universally considered that there was no sport in hunting buffalo.

Output:
True
enough of still-hunting, where the hunter sneaks up and shoots them down
one by one at such long range the report of his big rifle does not even
frighten them away.


Input:
True
enough of still-hunting, where the hunter sneaks up and shoots them down
one by one at such long range the report of his big rifle does not even
frighten them away.

Output:
So far as sportsmanlike fairness is concerned, that
method was not one whit more elevated than killing game by poison.


Input:
So far as sportsmanlike fairness is concerned, that
method was not one whit more elevated than killing game by poison.

Output: Bat the chase on horseback was a different thing.


Input: Bat the chase on horseback was a different thing.

Output:
Its successful
prosecution demanded a good horse, a bold rider, a firm seat, and
perfect familiarity with weapons.


Input:
Its successful
prosecution demanded a good horse, a bold rider, a firm seat, and
perfect familiarity with weapons.

Output:
The excitement of it was intense, the
dangers not to be despised, and, above all, the buffalo had a fair show
for his life, or partially so, at least.


Input:
The excitement of it was intense, the
dangers not to be despised, and, above all, the buffalo had a fair show
for his life, or partially so, at least.

Output:
The mode of attack is easily
described.


Input:
The mode of attack is easily
described.

Output:
Whenever the hunters discovered a herd of buffalo, they usually got to
leeward of it and quietly rode forward in a body, or stretched out in a
regular skirmish line, behind the shelter of a knoll, perhaps, until
they had approached the herd as closely as could be done without
alarming it.


Input:
Whenever the hunters discovered a herd of buffalo, they usually got to
leeward of it and quietly rode forward in a body, or stretched out in a
regular skirmish line, behind the shelter of a knoll, perhaps, until
they had approached the herd as closely as could be done without
alarming it.

Output:
Usually the unsuspecting animals, with a confidence due
more to their great numbers than anything else, would allow a party of
horsemen to approach within from 200 to 400 yards of their flankers, and
then they would start off on a slow trot.


Input:
Usually the unsuspecting animals, with a confidence due
more to their great numbers than anything else, would allow a party of
horsemen to approach within from 200 to 400 yards of their flankers, and
then they would start off on a slow trot.

Output:
The hunters then put spurs to
their horses and dashed forward to overtake the herd as quickly as
possible.


Input:
The hunters then put spurs to
their horses and dashed forward to overtake the herd as quickly as
possible.

Output:
Once up with it, each hunter chooses the best animal within
his reach, chases him until his flying steed carries him close
alongside, and then the arrow or the bullet is sent into his vitals.


Input:
Once up with it, each hunter chooses the best animal within
his reach, chases him until his flying steed carries him close
alongside, and then the arrow or the bullet is sent into his vitals.

Output:
The
fatal spot is from 12 to 18 inches in circumference, and lies
immediately back of the fore leg, with its lowest point on a line with
the elbow.


Input:
The
fatal spot is from 12 to 18 inches in circumference, and lies
immediately back of the fore leg, with its lowest point on a line with
the elbow.

Output:
This, the true chase of the buffalo, was not only exciting, but
dangerous.


Input:
This, the true chase of the buffalo, was not only exciting, but
dangerous.

Output:
It often happened that the hunter found himself surrounded by
the flying herd, and in a cloud of dust, so that neither man nor horse
could see the ground before them.


Input:
It often happened that the hunter found himself surrounded by
the flying herd, and in a cloud of dust, so that neither man nor horse
could see the ground before them.

Output:
Under such circumstances fatal
accidents to both men and horses were numerous.


Input:
Under such circumstances fatal
accidents to both men and horses were numerous.

Output:
It was not an uncommon
thing for half-breeds to shoot each other in the excitement of the
chase; and, while now and then a wounded bull suddenly turned upon his
pursuer and overthrew him, the greatest number of casualties were from
falls.


Input:
It was not an uncommon
thing for half-breeds to shoot each other in the excitement of the
chase; and, while now and then a wounded bull suddenly turned upon his
pursuer and overthrew him, the greatest number of casualties were from
falls.

Output:
Of the dangers involved in running buffalo Colonel Dodge writes as
follows:[52]


Input:
Of the dangers involved in running buffalo Colonel Dodge writes as
follows:[52]

Output: [Note 52: Plains of the Great West, p. 127.]


Input: [Note 52: Plains of the Great West, p. 127.]

Output:
"The danger is not so much from the buffalo, which rarely makes an
effort to injure his pursuer, as from the fact that neither man nor
horse can see the ground, which may be rough and broken, or perforated
with prairie-dog or gopher holes.


Input:
"The danger is not so much from the buffalo, which rarely makes an
effort to injure his pursuer, as from the fact that neither man nor
horse can see the ground, which may be rough and broken, or perforated
with prairie-dog or gopher holes.

Output:
This danger is so imminent, that a man
who runs into a herd of buffalo may be said to take his life in his
hand.


Input:
This danger is so imminent, that a man
who runs into a herd of buffalo may be said to take his life in his
hand.

Output: I have never known a man hurt by a buffalo in such a chase.


Input: I have never known a man hurt by a buffalo in such a chase.

Output:
I have
known of at least six killed, and a very great many more or less
injured, some very severely, by their horses falling with them.


Input:
I have
known of at least six killed, and a very great many more or less
injured, some very severely, by their horses falling with them.

Output:
"

On this point Catlin declares that to engage in running buffalo is "at
the hazard of every bone in one's body, to feel the fine and thrilling
exhilaration of the chase for a moment, and then as often to upbraid and
blame himself for his folly and imprudence.


Input:
"

On this point Catlin declares that to engage in running buffalo is "at
the hazard of every bone in one's body, to feel the fine and thrilling
exhilaration of the chase for a moment, and then as often to upbraid and
blame himself for his folly and imprudence.

Output:
"

Previous to my first experience in "running buffalo" I had entertained a
mortal dread of ever being called upon to ride a chase across a
prairie-dog town.


Input:
"

Previous to my first experience in "running buffalo" I had entertained a
mortal dread of ever being called upon to ride a chase across a
prairie-dog town.

Output:
The mouth of a prairie-dog's burrow is amply large to
receive the hoof of a horse, and the angle at which the hole descends
into the earth makes it just right for the leg of a running horse to
plunge into up to the knee and bring down both horse and rider
instantly; the former with a broken leg, to say the least of it.


Input:
The mouth of a prairie-dog's burrow is amply large to
receive the hoof of a horse, and the angle at which the hole descends
into the earth makes it just right for the leg of a running horse to
plunge into up to the knee and bring down both horse and rider
instantly; the former with a broken leg, to say the least of it.

Output:
If the
rider sits loosely, and promptly resigns his seat, he will go flying
forward, as if thrown from a catapult, for 20 feet or so, perhaps to
escape with a few broken bones, and perhaps to have his neck broken, or
his skull fractured on the hard earth.


Input:
If the
rider sits loosely, and promptly resigns his seat, he will go flying
forward, as if thrown from a catapult, for 20 feet or so, perhaps to
escape with a few broken bones, and perhaps to have his neck broken, or
his skull fractured on the hard earth.

Output:
If he sticks tightly to his
saddle, his horse is almost certain to fall upon him, and perhaps kill
him.


Input:
If he sticks tightly to his
saddle, his horse is almost certain to fall upon him, and perhaps kill
him.

Output:
Judge, then, my feelings when the first bunch of buffalo we started
headed straight across the largest prairie-dog town I had ever seen up
to that time.


Input:
Judge, then, my feelings when the first bunch of buffalo we started
headed straight across the largest prairie-dog town I had ever seen up
to that time.

Output:
And not only was the ground honey-combed with gaping round
holes, but it was also crossed here and there by treacherous ditch-like
gullies, cut straight down into the earth to an uncertain depth, and so
narrow as to be invisible until it was almost time to leap across them.


Input:
And not only was the ground honey-combed with gaping round
holes, but it was also crossed here and there by treacherous ditch-like
gullies, cut straight down into the earth to an uncertain depth, and so
narrow as to be invisible until it was almost time to leap across them.

Output:
But at such a time, with the game thundering along a few rods in
advance, the hunter thinks of little else except getting up to it.


Input:
But at such a time, with the game thundering along a few rods in
advance, the hunter thinks of little else except getting up to it.

Output:
He
looks as far ahead as possible, and helps his horse to avoid dangers,
but to a great extent the horse must guide himself.


Input:
He
looks as far ahead as possible, and helps his horse to avoid dangers,
but to a great extent the horse must guide himself.

Output:
The rider plies his
spurs and looks eagerly forward, almost feverish with excitement and
eagerness, but at the same time if he is wise he _expects_ a fall, and
holds himself in readiness to take the ground with as little damage as
he can.


Input:
The rider plies his
spurs and looks eagerly forward, almost feverish with excitement and
eagerness, but at the same time if he is wise he _expects_ a fall, and
holds himself in readiness to take the ground with as little damage as
he can.

Output:
Mr. Catlin gives a most graphic description of a hunting accident, which
may fairly be quoted in full as a type of many such.


Input:
Mr. Catlin gives a most graphic description of a hunting accident, which
may fairly be quoted in full as a type of many such.

Output:
I must say that I
fully sympathize with M. Chardon in his estimate of the hardness of the
ground he fell upon, for I have a painful recollection of a fall I had
from which I arose with the settled conviction that the ground in
Montana is the hardest in the world!


Input:
I must say that I
fully sympathize with M. Chardon in his estimate of the hardness of the
ground he fell upon, for I have a painful recollection of a fall I had
from which I arose with the settled conviction that the ground in
Montana is the hardest in the world!

Output:
It seemed more like falling upon
cast-iron than prairie turf.


Input:
It seemed more like falling upon
cast-iron than prairie turf.

Output:
"I dashed along through the thundering mass as they swept away over the
plain, scarcely able to tell whether I was on a buffalo's back or my
horse, hit and hooked and jostled about, till at length I found myself
alongside my game, when I gave him a shot as I passed him.


Input:
"I dashed along through the thundering mass as they swept away over the
plain, scarcely able to tell whether I was on a buffalo's back or my
horse, hit and hooked and jostled about, till at length I found myself
alongside my game, when I gave him a shot as I passed him.

Output: [Illustration: THE CHASE ON HORSEBACK.


Input: [Illustration: THE CHASE ON HORSEBACK.

Output:
From a painting in the National
Museum by George Catlin.]


Input:
From a painting in the National
Museum by George Catlin.]

Output:
I saw guns flash about me in several directions, but I heard them
not.


Input:
I saw guns flash about me in several directions, but I heard them
not.

Output: Amidst the trampling throng Mons.


Input: Amidst the trampling throng Mons.

Output:
Chardon had wounded a stately
bull, and at this moment was passing him with his piece leveled for
another shot.


Input:
Chardon had wounded a stately
bull, and at this moment was passing him with his piece leveled for
another shot.

Output:
They were both at full speed and I also, within the
reach of the muzzle of my gun, when the bull instantly turned,
receiving the horse upon his horns, and the ground received poor
Chardon, who made a frog's leap of some 20 feet or more over the
bull's back and almost under my horse's heels.


Input:
They were both at full speed and I also, within the
reach of the muzzle of my gun, when the bull instantly turned,
receiving the horse upon his horns, and the ground received poor
Chardon, who made a frog's leap of some 20 feet or more over the
bull's back and almost under my horse's heels.

Output:
I wheeled my horse as
soon as possible and rode back where lay poor Chardon, gasping to
start his breath again, and within a few paces of him his huge
victim, with his heels high in the air, and the horse lying across
him.


Input:
I wheeled my horse as
soon as possible and rode back where lay poor Chardon, gasping to
start his breath again, and within a few paces of him his huge
victim, with his heels high in the air, and the horse lying across
him.

Output:
I dismounted instantly, but Chardon was raising himself on his
hands, with his eyes and mouth full of dirt, and feeling for his gun,
which lay about 30 feet in advance of him.


Input:
I dismounted instantly, but Chardon was raising himself on his
hands, with his eyes and mouth full of dirt, and feeling for his gun,
which lay about 30 feet in advance of him.

Output: 'Heaven spare you!


Input: 'Heaven spare you!

Output:
are you
hurt, Chardon?'


Input:
are you
hurt, Chardon?'

Output:
'Hi-hic--hic--hic--hic--no;--hic--no--no, I believe
not.


Input:
'Hi-hic--hic--hic--hic--no;--hic--no--no, I believe
not.

Output: Oh, this is not much, Mons.


Input: Oh, this is not much, Mons.

Output:
Cataline--this is nothing new--but
this is a d--d hard piece of ground here--hic--oh! hic!'


Input:
Cataline--this is nothing new--but
this is a d--d hard piece of ground here--hic--oh! hic!'

Output:
At this the
poor fellow fainted, but in a few moments arose, picked up his gun,
took his horse by the bit, which then opened _its_ eyes, and with a
_hic_ and a ugh--_ughk!_--sprang upon its feet, shook off the dirt,
and here we were, all upon our legs again, save the bull, whose fate
had been more sad than that of either.


Input:
At this the
poor fellow fainted, but in a few moments arose, picked up his gun,
took his horse by the bit, which then opened _its_ eyes, and with a
_hic_ and a ugh--_ughk!_--sprang upon its feet, shook off the dirt,
and here we were, all upon our legs again, save the bull, whose fate
had been more sad than that of either.

Output:
"[53]

[Note 53: North American Indians, I, pp. 25-26.]


Input:
"[53]

[Note 53: North American Indians, I, pp. 25-26.]

Output:
The following passage from Mr. Alexander Ross's graphic description of a
great hunt,[54] in which about four hundred hunters made an onslaught
upon a herd, affords a good illustration of the dangers in running
buffalo:

[Note 54: Red River Settlement, p. 256.]

"On this occasion the surface was rocky and full of badger-holes.


Input:
The following passage from Mr. Alexander Ross's graphic description of a
great hunt,[54] in which about four hundred hunters made an onslaught
upon a herd, affords a good illustration of the dangers in running
buffalo:

[Note 54: Red River Settlement, p. 256.]

"On this occasion the surface was rocky and full of badger-holes.

Output:
Twenty-three horses and riders were at one moment all sprawling on the
ground; one horse, gored by a bull, was killed on the spot; two more
were disabled by the fall; one rider broke his shoulder-blade; another
burst his gun and lost three of his fingers by the accident; and a third
was struck on the knee by an exhausted ball.


Input:
Twenty-three horses and riders were at one moment all sprawling on the
ground; one horse, gored by a bull, was killed on the spot; two more
were disabled by the fall; one rider broke his shoulder-blade; another
burst his gun and lost three of his fingers by the accident; and a third
was struck on the knee by an exhausted ball.

Output:
These accidents will not be
thought overnumerous, considering the result, for in the evening no less
than thirteen hundred and seventy-five tongues were brought into camp.


Input:
These accidents will not be
thought overnumerous, considering the result, for in the evening no less
than thirteen hundred and seventy-five tongues were brought into camp.

Output:
"

It really seems as if the horses of the plains entered willfully and
knowingly into the war on the doomed herds.


Input:
"

It really seems as if the horses of the plains entered willfully and
knowingly into the war on the doomed herds.

Output:
But for the willingness and
even genuine eagerness with which the "buffalo horses" of both white men
and Indians entered into the chase, hunting on horseback would have been
attended with almost insurmountable difficulties, and the results would
have been much less fatal to the species.


Input:
But for the willingness and
even genuine eagerness with which the "buffalo horses" of both white men
and Indians entered into the chase, hunting on horseback would have been
attended with almost insurmountable difficulties, and the results would
have been much less fatal to the species.

Output:
According to all accounts the
horses of the Indians and half-breeds were far better trained than those
of their white rivals, no doubt owing to the fact that the use of the
bow, which required the free use of both hands, was only possible when
the horse took the right coarse of his own free will or else could be
guided by the pressure of the knees.


Input:
According to all accounts the
horses of the Indians and half-breeds were far better trained than those
of their white rivals, no doubt owing to the fact that the use of the
bow, which required the free use of both hands, was only possible when
the horse took the right coarse of his own free will or else could be
guided by the pressure of the knees.

Output:
If we may believe the historians of
that period, and there is not the slightest reason to doubt them, the
"buffalo horses" of the Indians displayed almost as much intelligence
and eagerness in the chase as did their human riders.


Input:
If we may believe the historians of
that period, and there is not the slightest reason to doubt them, the
"buffalo horses" of the Indians displayed almost as much intelligence
and eagerness in the chase as did their human riders.

Output:
Indeed, in
"running buffalo" with only the bow and arrow, nothing but the willing
co-operation of the horse could have possibly made this mode of hunting
either satisfactory or successful.


Input:
Indeed, in
"running buffalo" with only the bow and arrow, nothing but the willing
co-operation of the horse could have possibly made this mode of hunting
either satisfactory or successful.

Output:
In Lewis and Clarke's Travels, volume II, page 387, appears the
following record:

"He [Sergeant Pryor] had found it almost impossible with two men to
drive on the remaining horses, for as soon as they discovered a herd of
buffaloes the loose horses immediately set off in pursuit of them, and
surrounded the buffalo herd with almost as much skill as their riders
could have done.


Input:
In Lewis and Clarke's Travels, volume II, page 387, appears the
following record:

"He [Sergeant Pryor] had found it almost impossible with two men to
drive on the remaining horses, for as soon as they discovered a herd of
buffaloes the loose horses immediately set off in pursuit of them, and
surrounded the buffalo herd with almost as much skill as their riders
could have done.

Output:
At last he was obliged to send one horseman forward and
drive all the buffaloes from the route.


Input:
At last he was obliged to send one horseman forward and
drive all the buffaloes from the route.

Output:
"

The Hon. H. H. Sibley, who once accompanied the Red River half-breeds on
their annual hunt, relates the following[55]:

"One of the hunters fell from his saddle, and was unable to overtake his
horse, which continued the chase as if he of himself could accomplish
great things, so much do these animals become imbued with a passion for
this sport!


Input:
"

The Hon. H. H. Sibley, who once accompanied the Red River half-breeds on
their annual hunt, relates the following[55]:

"One of the hunters fell from his saddle, and was unable to overtake his
horse, which continued the chase as if he of himself could accomplish
great things, so much do these animals become imbued with a passion for
this sport!

Output:
On another occasion a half-breed left his favorite steed at
the camp, to enable him to recruit his strength, enjoining upon his wife
the necessity of properly securing the animal, which was not done.


Input:
On another occasion a half-breed left his favorite steed at
the camp, to enable him to recruit his strength, enjoining upon his wife
the necessity of properly securing the animal, which was not done.

Output:
Not
relishing the idea of being left behind, he started after us and soon
was alongside, and thus he continued to keep pace with the hunters in
their pursuit of the buffalo, seeming to await with impatience the fall
of some of them to the earth.


Input:
Not
relishing the idea of being left behind, he started after us and soon
was alongside, and thus he continued to keep pace with the hunters in
their pursuit of the buffalo, seeming to await with impatience the fall
of some of them to the earth.

Output:
The chase ended, he came neighing to his
master, whom he soon singled out, although the men were dispersed here
and there for a distance of miles.


Input:
The chase ended, he came neighing to his
master, whom he soon singled out, although the men were dispersed here
and there for a distance of miles.

Output:
"

[Note 55: Schoolcraft's "North American Indians," 108.]

Col. R. I. Dodge, in his Plains of the Great West, page 129, describes a
meeting with two Mexican buffalo-hunters whose horses were so fleet and
so well trained that whenever a herd of buffalo came in sight, instead
of shooting their game wherever they came up with it, the one having the
best horse would dash into the herd, cut out a fat two-year old, and,
with the help of his partner, then actually drive it to their camp
before shooting it down.


Input:
"

[Note 55: Schoolcraft's "North American Indians," 108.]

Col. R. I. Dodge, in his Plains of the Great West, page 129, describes a
meeting with two Mexican buffalo-hunters whose horses were so fleet and
so well trained that whenever a herd of buffalo came in sight, instead
of shooting their game wherever they came up with it, the one having the
best horse would dash into the herd, cut out a fat two-year old, and,
with the help of his partner, then actually drive it to their camp
before shooting it down.

Output:
"They had a fine lot of meat and a goodly pile
of skins, and they said that every buffalo had been driven into camp and
killed as the one I saw.


Input:
"They had a fine lot of meat and a goodly pile
of skins, and they said that every buffalo had been driven into camp and
killed as the one I saw.

Output:
'It saves a heap of trouble packing the meat to
camp,' said one of them, naively.


Input:
'It saves a heap of trouble packing the meat to
camp,' said one of them, naively.

Output:
"

Probably never before in the history of the world, until civilized man
came in contact with the buffalo, did whole armies of men march out in
true military style, with officers, flags, chaplains, and rules of war,
and make war on wild animals.


Input:
"

Probably never before in the history of the world, until civilized man
came in contact with the buffalo, did whole armies of men march out in
true military style, with officers, flags, chaplains, and rules of war,
and make war on wild animals.

Output:
No wonder the buffalo has been
exterminated.


Input:
No wonder the buffalo has been
exterminated.

Output:
So long as they existed north of the Missouri in any
considerable number, the half-breeds and Indians of the Manitoba Red
River settlement used to gather each year in a great army, and go with
carts to the buffalo range.


Input:
So long as they existed north of the Missouri in any
considerable number, the half-breeds and Indians of the Manitoba Red
River settlement used to gather each year in a great army, and go with
carts to the buffalo range.

Output:
On these great hunts, which took place every
year from about the 15th of June to the 1st of September, vast numbers
of buffalo were killed, and the supply was finally exhausted.


Input:
On these great hunts, which took place every
year from about the 15th of June to the 1st of September, vast numbers
of buffalo were killed, and the supply was finally exhausted.

Output:
As if
Heaven had decreed the extirpation of the species, the half-breed
hunters, like their white robe-hunting rivals farther south, always
killed _cows_ in preference to bulls so long as a choice was possible,
the very course best calculated to exterminate any species in the
shortest possible time.


Input:
As if
Heaven had decreed the extirpation of the species, the half-breed
hunters, like their white robe-hunting rivals farther south, always
killed _cows_ in preference to bulls so long as a choice was possible,
the very course best calculated to exterminate any species in the
shortest possible time.

Output:
The army of half-breeds and Indians which annually went forth from the
Red River settlement to make war on the buffalo was often far larger
than the army with which Cortez subdued a great empire.


Input:
The army of half-breeds and Indians which annually went forth from the
Red River settlement to make war on the buffalo was often far larger
than the army with which Cortez subdued a great empire.

Output:
As early as 1846
it had become so great, that it was necessary to divide it into two
divisions, one of which, the White Horse Plain division, was accustomed
to go west by the Assinniboine River to the "rapids crossing-place," and
from there in a southwesterly direction.


Input:
As early as 1846
it had become so great, that it was necessary to divide it into two
divisions, one of which, the White Horse Plain division, was accustomed
to go west by the Assinniboine River to the "rapids crossing-place," and
from there in a southwesterly direction.

Output:
The Red River division went
south to Pembina, and did the most of their hunting in Dakota.


Input:
The Red River division went
south to Pembina, and did the most of their hunting in Dakota.

Output:
The two
divisions sometimes met (says Professor Hind), but not intentionally.


Input:
The two
divisions sometimes met (says Professor Hind), but not intentionally.

Output:
In
1849 a Mr. Flett took a census of the White Horse Plain division, in
Dakota Territory, and found that it contained 603 carts, 700
half-breeds, 200 Indians, 600 horses, 200 oxen, 400 dogs, and 1 cat.


Input:
In
1849 a Mr. Flett took a census of the White Horse Plain division, in
Dakota Territory, and found that it contained 603 carts, 700
half-breeds, 200 Indians, 600 horses, 200 oxen, 400 dogs, and 1 cat.

Output:
In his "Red River Settlement" Mr. Alexander Ross gives the following
census of the number of carts assembled in camp for the buffalo hunt at
five different-periods:

+--------------------------+
|_Number of carts assembled|
|   for the first trip.


Input:
In his "Red River Settlement" Mr. Alexander Ross gives the following
census of the number of carts assembled in camp for the buffalo hunt at
five different-periods:

+--------------------------+
|_Number of carts assembled|
|   for the first trip.

Output: _


Output:
+--------------------------+
|In 1820      |         540|
|In 1825      |         680|
|In 1830      |         820|
|In 1835      |         970|
|In 1840      |


Input:
+--------------------------+
|In 1820      |         540|
|In 1825      |         680|
|In 1830      |         820|
|In 1835      |         970|
|In 1840      |

Output:
1,210|
+--------------------------+


Input:
1,210|
+--------------------------+

Output:
The expedition which was accompanied by Rev. Mr. Belcourt, a Catholic
priest, whose account is set forth in the Hon.


Input:
The expedition which was accompanied by Rev. Mr. Belcourt, a Catholic
priest, whose account is set forth in the Hon.

Output:
Mr. Sibley's paper on the
buffalo,[56] was a comparatively small one, which started from Pembina,
and very generously took pains not to spoil the prospects of the great
Red River division, which was expected to take the field at the same
time.


Input:
Mr. Sibley's paper on the
buffalo,[56] was a comparatively small one, which started from Pembina,
and very generously took pains not to spoil the prospects of the great
Red River division, which was expected to take the field at the same
time.

Output:
This, therefore, was a small party, like others which had already
reached the range; but it contained 213 carts, 55 hunters and their
families, making 60 lodges in all.


Input:
This, therefore, was a small party, like others which had already
reached the range; but it contained 213 carts, 55 hunters and their
families, making 60 lodges in all.

Output:
This party killed 1,776 cows (bulls
not counted, many of which were killed, though "not even a tongue was
taken"), which yielded 228 bags of pemmican, 1,213 bales of dried meat,
166 sacks of tallow, and 556 bladders full of marrow.


Input:
This party killed 1,776 cows (bulls
not counted, many of which were killed, though "not even a tongue was
taken"), which yielded 228 bags of pemmican, 1,213 bales of dried meat,
166 sacks of tallow, and 556 bladders full of marrow.

Output:
But this was very
moderate slaughter, being about 33 buffalo to each family.


Input:
But this was very
moderate slaughter, being about 33 buffalo to each family.

Output:
Even as late
as 1872, when buffalo were getting scarce, Mr. Grant[57] met a
half-breed family on the Qu'Appelle, consisting of man, wife, and seven
children, whose six carts were laden with the meat and robes yielded by
_sixty_ buffaloes; that number representing this one hunter's share of
the spoils of the hunt.


Input:
Even as late
as 1872, when buffalo were getting scarce, Mr. Grant[57] met a
half-breed family on the Qu'Appelle, consisting of man, wife, and seven
children, whose six carts were laden with the meat and robes yielded by
_sixty_ buffaloes; that number representing this one hunter's share of
the spoils of the hunt.

Output: [Note 56: Schoolcraft, pp. 101-110.]


Input: [Note 56: Schoolcraft, pp. 101-110.]

Output:
[Note 57: Ocean to Ocean, p. 116.]

To afford an idea of the truly military character of those Red River
expeditions, I have only to quote a page from Prof. Henry Youle
Hind:[58]


Input:
[Note 57: Ocean to Ocean, p. 116.]

To afford an idea of the truly military character of those Red River
expeditions, I have only to quote a page from Prof. Henry Youle
Hind:[58]

Output: [Note 58: Assinniboine and Saskatch.


Input: [Note 58: Assinniboine and Saskatch.

Output: Exp.


Input: Exp.

Output:
Exped., II, p. 111.]

"After the start from the settlement has been well made, and all
stragglers or tardy hunters have arrived, a great council is held and a
president elected.


Input:
Exped., II, p. 111.]

"After the start from the settlement has been well made, and all
stragglers or tardy hunters have arrived, a great council is held and a
president elected.

Output:
A number of captains are nominated by the president
and people jointly.


Input:
A number of captains are nominated by the president
and people jointly.

Output:
The captains then proceed to appoint their own
policemen, the number assigned to each not exceeding ten.


Input:
The captains then proceed to appoint their own
policemen, the number assigned to each not exceeding ten.

Output:
Their duties
are to see that the laws of the hunt are strictly carried out.


Input:
Their duties
are to see that the laws of the hunt are strictly carried out.

Output:
In 1840,
if a man ran a buffalo without permission before the general hunt began,
his saddle and bridle were cut to pieces for the first offense; for the
second offense his clothes were cut off his back.


Input:
In 1840,
if a man ran a buffalo without permission before the general hunt began,
his saddle and bridle were cut to pieces for the first offense; for the
second offense his clothes were cut off his back.

Output:
At the present day
these punishments are changed to a fine of 20 shillings for the first
offense.


Input:
At the present day
these punishments are changed to a fine of 20 shillings for the first
offense.

Output:
No gun is permitted to be fired when in the buffalo country
before the 'race' begins.


Input:
No gun is permitted to be fired when in the buffalo country
before the 'race' begins.

Output:
A priest sometimes goes with the hunt, and
mass is then celebrated in the open prairies.


Input:
A priest sometimes goes with the hunt, and
mass is then celebrated in the open prairies.

Output:
"At night the carts are placed in the form of a circle, with the horses
and cattle inside the ring, and it is the duty of the captains and their
policemen to see that this is rightly done.


Input:
"At night the carts are placed in the form of a circle, with the horses
and cattle inside the ring, and it is the duty of the captains and their
policemen to see that this is rightly done.

Output:
All laws are proclaimed in
camp, and relate to the hunt alone.


Input:
All laws are proclaimed in
camp, and relate to the hunt alone.

Output:
All camping orders are given by
signal, a flag being carried by the guides, who are appointed by
election.


Input:
All camping orders are given by
signal, a flag being carried by the guides, who are appointed by
election.

Output:
Each guide has his tarn of one day, and no man can pass a
guide on duty without subjecting himself to a fine of 5 shillings.


Input:
Each guide has his tarn of one day, and no man can pass a
guide on duty without subjecting himself to a fine of 5 shillings.

Output:
No
hunter can leave the camp to return home without permission, and no one
is permitted to stir until any animal or property of value supposed to
be lost is recovered.


Input:
No
hunter can leave the camp to return home without permission, and no one
is permitted to stir until any animal or property of value supposed to
be lost is recovered.

Output:
The policemen, at the order of their captains, can
seize any cart at night-fall and place it where they choose for the
public safety, but on the following morning they are compelled to bring
it back to the spot from which they moved it the previous evening.


Input:
The policemen, at the order of their captains, can
seize any cart at night-fall and place it where they choose for the
public safety, but on the following morning they are compelled to bring
it back to the spot from which they moved it the previous evening.

Output:
This
power is very necessary, in order that the horses may not be stampeded
by night attacks of the Sioux or other Indian tribes at war with the
half-breeds.


Input:
This
power is very necessary, in order that the horses may not be stampeded
by night attacks of the Sioux or other Indian tribes at war with the
half-breeds.

Output:
A heavy fine is imposed in case of neglect in extinguishing
fires when the camp is broken up in the morning.


Input:
A heavy fine is imposed in case of neglect in extinguishing
fires when the camp is broken up in the morning.

Output:
"In sight of buffalo all the hunters are drawn up in line, the
president, captains, and police being a few yards in advance,
restraining the impatient hunters.


Input:
"In sight of buffalo all the hunters are drawn up in line, the
president, captains, and police being a few yards in advance,
restraining the impatient hunters.

Output: 'Not yet!


Input: 'Not yet!

Output:
Not yet!' is the subdued
whisper of the president.


Input:
Not yet!' is the subdued
whisper of the president.

Output: The approach to the herd is cautiously made.


Input: The approach to the herd is cautiously made.

Output: 'Now!'


Input: 'Now!'

Output:
the president exclaims; and as the word leaves his lips the
charge is made, and in a few minutes the excited half-breeds are amongst
the bewildered buffalo.


Input:
the president exclaims; and as the word leaves his lips the
charge is made, and in a few minutes the excited half-breeds are amongst
the bewildered buffalo.

Output:
"

"After witnessing one buffalo hunt," says Prof. John Macoun, "I can not
blame the half-breed and the Indian for leaving the farm and wildly
making for the plains when it is reported that buffalo have crossed the
border.


Input:
"

"After witnessing one buffalo hunt," says Prof. John Macoun, "I can not
blame the half-breed and the Indian for leaving the farm and wildly
making for the plains when it is reported that buffalo have crossed the
border.

Output:
"

The "great fall hunt" was a regular event with about all the Indian
tribes living within striking distance of the buffalo, in the course of
which great numbers of buffalo were killed, great quantities of meat
dried and made into pemmican, and all the skins taken were tanned in
various ways to suit the many purposes they were called upon to serve.


Input:
"

The "great fall hunt" was a regular event with about all the Indian
tribes living within striking distance of the buffalo, in the course of
which great numbers of buffalo were killed, great quantities of meat
dried and made into pemmican, and all the skins taken were tanned in
various ways to suit the many purposes they were called upon to serve.

Output:
Mr. Francis La Flesche informs me that during the presence of the
buffalo in western Nebraska and until they were driven south by the
Sioux, the fall hunt of the Omahas was sometimes participated in by
three hundred lodges, or about 3,000 people all told, six hundred of
whom were warriors, and each of whom generally killed about ten
buffaloes.


Input:
Mr. Francis La Flesche informs me that during the presence of the
buffalo in western Nebraska and until they were driven south by the
Sioux, the fall hunt of the Omahas was sometimes participated in by
three hundred lodges, or about 3,000 people all told, six hundred of
whom were warriors, and each of whom generally killed about ten
buffaloes.

Output: The laws of the hunt were very strict and inexorable.


Input: The laws of the hunt were very strict and inexorable.

Output:
In
order that all participants should have an equal chance, it was decreed
that any hunter caught "still-hunting" should be soundly flogged.


Input:
In
order that all participants should have an equal chance, it was decreed
that any hunter caught "still-hunting" should be soundly flogged.

Output:
On one
occasion an Indian was discovered in the act, but not caught.


Input:
On one
occasion an Indian was discovered in the act, but not caught.

Output:
During the
chase which was made to capture him many arrows were fired at him by the
police, but being better mounted than his pursuers he escaped, and kept
clear of the camp during the remainder of the hunt.


Input:
During the
chase which was made to capture him many arrows were fired at him by the
police, but being better mounted than his pursuers he escaped, and kept
clear of the camp during the remainder of the hunt.

Output:
On another occasion
an Omaha, guilty of the same offense, was chased, and in his effort to
escape his horse fell with him in a coulée and broke one of his legs.


Input:
On another occasion
an Omaha, guilty of the same offense, was chased, and in his effort to
escape his horse fell with him in a coulée and broke one of his legs.

Output:
In
spite of the sad plight of the Omaha, his pursuers came up and flogged
him, just as if nothing had happened.


Input:
In
spite of the sad plight of the Omaha, his pursuers came up and flogged
him, just as if nothing had happened.

Output:
After the invention of the Colt's revolver, and breech-loading rifles
generally, the chase on horseback speedily became more fatal to the
bison than it ever had been before.


Input:
After the invention of the Colt's revolver, and breech-loading rifles
generally, the chase on horseback speedily became more fatal to the
bison than it ever had been before.

Output:
With such weapons, it was possible
to gallop into the midst of a flying herd and, during the course of a
run of 2 or 3 miles, discharge from twelve to forty shots at a range of
only a few yards, or even a few feet.


Input:
With such weapons, it was possible
to gallop into the midst of a flying herd and, during the course of a
run of 2 or 3 miles, discharge from twelve to forty shots at a range of
only a few yards, or even a few feet.

Output:
In this kind of hunting the heavy
Navy revolver was the favorite weapon, because it could be held in one
hand and fired with far greater precision than could a rifle held in
both hands.


Input:
In this kind of hunting the heavy
Navy revolver was the favorite weapon, because it could be held in one
hand and fired with far greater precision than could a rifle held in
both hands.

Output:
Except in the hands of an expert, the use of the rifle was
limited, and often attended with risk to the hunter; but the revolver
was good for all directions; it could very often be used with deadly
effect where a rifle could not have been used at all, and, moreover, it
left the bridle-hand free.


Input:
Except in the hands of an expert, the use of the rifle was
limited, and often attended with risk to the hunter; but the revolver
was good for all directions; it could very often be used with deadly
effect where a rifle could not have been used at all, and, moreover, it
left the bridle-hand free.

Output:
Many cavalrymen and hunters were able to use
a revolver with either hand, or one in each hand.


Input:
Many cavalrymen and hunters were able to use
a revolver with either hand, or one in each hand.

Output: Gen. Lew.


Input: Gen. Lew.

Output:
Wallace
preferred the Smith and Wesson in 1867, which he declared to be "the
best of revolvers" then.


Input:
Wallace
preferred the Smith and Wesson in 1867, which he declared to be "the
best of revolvers" then.

Output:
It was his marvelous skill in shooting buffaloes with a rifle, from the
back of a galloping horse, that earned for the Hon.


Input:
It was his marvelous skill in shooting buffaloes with a rifle, from the
back of a galloping horse, that earned for the Hon.

Output:
W. F. Cody the
sobriquet by which he is now familiarly known to the world--"Buffalo
Bill."


Input:
W. F. Cody the
sobriquet by which he is now familiarly known to the world--"Buffalo
Bill."

Output:
To the average hunter on horseback the galloping of the horse
makes it easy for him to aim at the heart of a buffalo and shoot clear
over its back.


Input:
To the average hunter on horseback the galloping of the horse
makes it easy for him to aim at the heart of a buffalo and shoot clear
over its back.

Output:
No other shooting is so difficult, or requires such
consummate dexterity as shooting with any kind of a gun, especially a
rifle, from the back of a running horse.


Input:
No other shooting is so difficult, or requires such
consummate dexterity as shooting with any kind of a gun, especially a
rifle, from the back of a running horse.

Output:
Let him who doubts this
statement try it for himself and he will doubt no more.


Input:
Let him who doubts this
statement try it for himself and he will doubt no more.

Output:
It was in the
chase of the buffalo on horseback, armed with a rifle, that "Buffalo
Bill" acquired the marvelous dexterity with the rifle which he has since
exhibited in the presence of the people of two continents.


Input:
It was in the
chase of the buffalo on horseback, armed with a rifle, that "Buffalo
Bill" acquired the marvelous dexterity with the rifle which he has since
exhibited in the presence of the people of two continents.

Output:
I regret that
circumstances have prevented my obtaining the exact figures of the great
kill of buffaloes that Mr. Cody once made in a single run, in which he
broke all previous records in that line, and fairly earned his title.


Input:
I regret that
circumstances have prevented my obtaining the exact figures of the great
kill of buffaloes that Mr. Cody once made in a single run, in which he
broke all previous records in that line, and fairly earned his title.

Output:
In
1867 he entered into a contract with the Kansas Pacific Railway, then in
course of construction through western Kansas, at a monthly salary of
$500, to deliver all the buffalo meat that would be required by the army
of laborers engaged in building the road.


Input:
In
1867 he entered into a contract with the Kansas Pacific Railway, then in
course of construction through western Kansas, at a monthly salary of
$500, to deliver all the buffalo meat that would be required by the army
of laborers engaged in building the road.

Output:
In eighteen mouths he killed
4,280 buffaloes.


Input:
In eighteen mouths he killed
4,280 buffaloes.

Output:
3. _Impounding or Killing in Pens._--At first thought it seems hard to
believe that it was ever possible for Indians to build pens and drive
wild buffaloes into them, as cowboys now corral their cattle, yet such
wholesale catches were of common occurrence among the Plains Crees of
the south Saskatchewan country, and the same general plan was pursued,
with slight modifications, by the Indians of the Assinniboine,
Blackfeet, and Gros Ventres, and other tribes of the Northwest.


Input:
3. _Impounding or Killing in Pens._--At first thought it seems hard to
believe that it was ever possible for Indians to build pens and drive
wild buffaloes into them, as cowboys now corral their cattle, yet such
wholesale catches were of common occurrence among the Plains Crees of
the south Saskatchewan country, and the same general plan was pursued,
with slight modifications, by the Indians of the Assinniboine,
Blackfeet, and Gros Ventres, and other tribes of the Northwest.

Output:
Like the
keddah elephant-catching operations in India, this plan was feasible
only in a partially wooded country, and where buffalo were so numerous
that their presence could be counted upon to a certainty.


Input:
Like the
keddah elephant-catching operations in India, this plan was feasible
only in a partially wooded country, and where buffalo were so numerous
that their presence could be counted upon to a certainty.

Output:
The "pound"
was simply a circular pen, having a single entrance; but being unable to
construct a gate of heavy timbers, such as is made to drop and close the
entrance to an elephant pen, the Indians very shrewdly got over the
difficulty by making the opening at the edge of a perpendicular bank 10
or 12 feet high, easy enough for a buffalo to jump down, but impossible
for him to scale afterward.


Input:
The "pound"
was simply a circular pen, having a single entrance; but being unable to
construct a gate of heavy timbers, such as is made to drop and close the
entrance to an elephant pen, the Indians very shrewdly got over the
difficulty by making the opening at the edge of a perpendicular bank 10
or 12 feet high, easy enough for a buffalo to jump down, but impossible
for him to scale afterward.

Output:
It is hardly probable that Indians who were
expert enough to attack and kill buffalo on foot would have been tempted
to undertake the labor that building a pound always involved, had it not
been for the wild excitement attending captures made in this way, and
which were shared to the fullest possible extent by warriors, women, and
children alike.


Input:
It is hardly probable that Indians who were
expert enough to attack and kill buffalo on foot would have been tempted
to undertake the labor that building a pound always involved, had it not
been for the wild excitement attending captures made in this way, and
which were shared to the fullest possible extent by warriors, women, and
children alike.

Output:
The best description of this method which has come under our notice is
that of Professor Hind, who witnessed its practice by the Plains Crees,
on the headwaters of the Qu'Appelle River, in 1858.


Input:
The best description of this method which has come under our notice is
that of Professor Hind, who witnessed its practice by the Plains Crees,
on the headwaters of the Qu'Appelle River, in 1858.

Output:
He describes the
pound he saw as a fence, constructed of the trunks of trees laced
together with green withes, and braced on the outside by props,
inclosing a circular space about 120 feet in diameter.


Input:
He describes the
pound he saw as a fence, constructed of the trunks of trees laced
together with green withes, and braced on the outside by props,
inclosing a circular space about 120 feet in diameter.

Output:
It was placed in
a pretty dell between sand-hills, and leading from it in two diverging
rows (like the guiding wings of an elephant pen) were the two rows of
bushes which the Indians designate "dead men," which serve to guide the
buffalo into the pound.


Input:
It was placed in
a pretty dell between sand-hills, and leading from it in two diverging
rows (like the guiding wings of an elephant pen) were the two rows of
bushes which the Indians designate "dead men," which serve to guide the
buffalo into the pound.

Output:
The "dead men" extended a distance of 4 miles
into the prairie.


Input:
The "dead men" extended a distance of 4 miles
into the prairie.

Output:
They were placed about 50 feet apart, and the two
rows gradually diverged until at their extremities they were from 11/2
to 2 miles apart.


Input:
They were placed about 50 feet apart, and the two
rows gradually diverged until at their extremities they were from 11/2
to 2 miles apart.

Output: [Illustration: CREE INDIANS IMPOUNDING BUFFALOES.


Input: [Illustration: CREE INDIANS IMPOUNDING BUFFALOES.

Output:
Reproduced from Prof.
H. Y. Hind's--"Red River, Assinniboine and Saskatchewan Expedition.