0	One issue is the debate over the automated lighting management strategy .
1	We illustrate the method in a system for material selection for automobile bumpers .
0	Examples : Jon knows the answer and Jon likes Mary .
1	The same result is shown to hold also for multivariate strictly positive normal distributions .
0	We can create constraints that are dependent on only one or couple of elements in the hierarchy .
1	We describe a system called Displacer for performing KB queries extended with the analogical capabilities of the word2vec distributional semantic vector space ( DSVS ) .
0	The F column in Table 2 reports the number of successful runs ( no timeout ) .
1	Nowadays ontologies present a growing interest in Data Fusion applications .
0	An analysis of the sentences used as the test set reveals the same fact .
1	Search through this abstraction hierarchy is guided by a quantitative measure ( expected fulfillment ) based on decision theory .
0	What or who is the recipient of the service and or product ?
1	Many effective algorithms can automatically detect communities from networks without a manually specified number of the communities .
0	The task of constraint satisfaction is to decide whether there exists a valuation of all variables that satisfies the constraints .
1	This study differs from all previous studies due to sample programs ( SUTs ) which are used .
0	Our Contextual LSTM ( CLSTM ) learns a convolutional attention over windows of the context given the objective of predicting all words in the query .
1	Say we have an observation about a system at time t_1 and then another observation at a later time t_2 .
0	The order in which the composable selections must be considered is defined by the priorities ( or is implicit in the case of Celse ) .
1	We investigate the intuitive meaning of such a construct and the benefits that arise from it .
0	This work proposes solutions to two main challenges that humanitarian organizations face while incorporating social media data into crisis response .
1	A robotic sailing boat is subjected to several experiments in which the uncertainty and difficulty of the sailing problem is increased in order to observe the effects on measured performance .
0	Therefore exactly those defaults are applied in extensions of 0 for which the prerequisite is derivable .
1	A formal physical definition of the pattern recognition concept is also proposed to solve many key conceptual gaps on the field .
0	3 Abstract Modular Solver : AMS Finding models of logic theories and programs is a key computational task in declarative programming .
1	We also elaborate on how merging of ontologies is carried out .
0	We see that natural decompositions of this type arise in practice ( see Section 4.4 ) .
1	We evaluate our baseline and proposed models on the TREC Twitter Timeline Generation task and show strong results .
0	A solution to the constraint network P is an assignment of all the variables satisfying all the constraints in C. A CSP ( Constraint Satisfaction Problem ) is the problem of deciding if a constraint network P admits a solution or not .
1	Previous works have shown that it is possible to automatically generate synthetic versions of these graphs that exhibit a given densification factor .
0	In this paper we use the following structure to capture the observation power in terms of indistinguishability among actions .
1	A statistical HMM ( Hidden Markov Models ) based model has been used to implement our system .
0	This contradicts the assumption that U is an unfounded set on M .
1	It is found that when detecting linear objects annotator agreement is very low .
0	The next ontrol poli y allows the robot to hoose its own waypoints given that the user inputs regions of interest .
1	Then we propose a new norm based on the Kronecker products of factors obtained by the proposed simple estimator .
0	New predicted nodes become input constituents and we go back to 1 ( see Figure 1 ) .
1	This enables the study of extremely deep and efficient architectures .
0	The time dependence due to the delay in signal ( current ) propagation in a memristor network has been discussed .
1	We show that tractable inference in probabilistic models with high treewidth and millions of variables can be understood using the notion of finite ( partial ) exchangeability .
0	Another technique is to use persistent chains without clamping the visible layer [ 21 ] .
1	The study would also be of interest to novice Semantic Web developers who might used it as a starting point for further investigations .
0	Greedy generation is performed by taking the most likely word at each time step .
1	Proofs are not included ; we only offer illustrative examples .
0	Su h intera tions will substantially in rease the omplexity of the reasoning an agent needs to perform .
1	We formally analyze the benefit of acting adaptively as new information becomes available .
0	Mapping annotation data to the matches is a simple method to reveal pattern across results .
1	It is studied how to carry out computations with both representations in an efficient way .
0	At least one instance in most training bags resides in this positive cluster ( the cluster composed of positive instances ) .
1	It serves as a measure of structural complexity of the text .
0	We first validate that the attention mechanism yields distributions that meet our expectations .
1	The spiking properties of simple memristor networks are demonstrated and discussed with reference to applications of music making .
0	The hidden layer matrix W and bias c are shared by each hidden layer hd ( which are all of the same size ) .
1	2010 ) used classical planning and hence ignores all the incomplete knowledge that characterizes hacking .
0	We conclude with an analysis of how the problem space can be understood in terms of distinct regions playing different roles within an imitation context .
1	This paper attempts to fill this apparent gap by studying asymmetries among probabilities of various states of uncertain models .
0	It also differs in that all named entities in both questions and articles are anonymised so that models can not apply knowledge that is not apparent from the article .
1	Knowledge expressed within the context of a problem resolution must be capitalized for future reuse .
0	An AUV needs to acquire a certain degree of autonomy for any particular underwater mission to fulfil the mission objectives successfully and ensure its safety in all stages of the mission in a large scale operating filed .
1	The literature provides various answers to the first question but only few facts about the second .
0	The goal of this language is not to be easily programmable but to be able to express some simple policies that may be useful in the environment .
1	These models are combined to enhance the performance of statistical machine translation ( SMT ) .
0	Rubin believes that causality should be limited to specific contexts and conditions .
1	The work has useful application in the development of a complete OCR system for handwritten Bangla text .
0	2009 ] in order to represent each object as a sparse subset of a potentially unbounded set of latent features [ Ghahramani and Griffiths 2005 ; Van Gael et al .
1	The proposed approach maintains distributions over the model parameters which are successively refined with more experience .
0	A module is used to define and regroup a set of rules and helpers .
1	We present a technique for speeding up the convergence of value iteration for partially observable Markov decisions processes ( POMDPs ) .
0	All instances were grounded by gringo 3.0.5 ( Gebser et al .
1	Many extensions have been invented based on RBM in order to produce deeper architectures with greater power .
0	( 2 ) Equations ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) mark the starting point of our work .
1	ICI allows one to factorize a conditional probability table into smaller pieces .
0	The list of Freebase types corresponding to each entity type in the gold standard is listed in Table 1 .
1	The first one handles the most efficient version of the tableau calculus but generates very complex derivations ( denoted by rather elaborate rewrite systems ) .
0	One may call the accumulated glomeration as the module of the defined concept .
1	The assumption that an infinite sequence of data points is exchangeable is at the core of Bayesian statistics .
0	Here we show the results of a few experiments that were particularly relevant to the performance obtained above .
1	We introduce a graph model that captures the spatial and temporal variability of ride requests and the potentials for ride pooling .
0	If the action is infeasible we check to see if the state is bridged .
1	It uses a novel similarity measure based on the concept of the probability of conflict between two orderings of items .
0	A sentence aligner was designed to find an English translation of each Polish line in a corpus and place it in the correct place in the English file .
1	This form of communication is typical of social insects and is called stigmergy .
0	Then these expectations are used to find the new set of variational parameters using the above equation .
1	Both kappa rankings and infinitesimal probabilities have been used extensively to study default reasoning and belief revision .
0	High diversity rate can even be detrimental if it pushes the decoding model away from the beam search algorithm too much .
1	Autonomous driving is one of the most recent topics of interest which is aimed at replicating human driving behavior keeping in mind the safety issues .
0	The details of datasets are illustrated at Table1 and Table2 .
1	We propose an online form of the cake cutting problem .
0	lasses of DAGs with ea h representing a di erent set of probability distributions .
1	In this paper we present a novel genetic algorithm ( GA ) solution to a simple yet challenging commercial puzzle game known as the Zen Puzzle Garden ( ZPG ) .
0	2015 ) aims at leveraging the geometric structure of embedding space to make entity representations semantically smooth .
1	Three important properties contribute to the uniqueness of the technique introduced .
0	Each feature is weighed by a salience value that is determined manually .
1	Our approach is compared to related work in the tracking and fusion literature .
0	These topic spaces are built with the MALLET toolkit [ 27 ] .
1	The relationship to other perturbational approaches such as TAP is also elucidated .
0	We used the Aulex9 dictionary because the dictionary extracted from Wikipedia contain mostly noums and name entitities .
1	The interested party assumes that agents are rational in the commonly agreed sense that they do not use dominated strategies .
0	One reason is that the unsupervised topic features are trained to explain as much of the entire statistical structure of images as possible and might not model well the particular discriminative structure we are after in our computer vision task .
1	Manifold learning methods are useful for high dimensional data analysis .
0	Dependency graph and solved predicates seems to be treated in a similar manner to that of ASPeRiX .
1	Our scheme translates the functional schematic into a Bayesian network and diagnostic inference takes place in the Bayesian network .
0	We conclude that C is indeed a conflicting clause on M .
1	We propose to use a model called growing neural gas to learn by imitation the topology of the environment .
0	Then we complete the complexity analysis by extending the results to arbitrary strict partial orders .
1	This paper presents the language ACP which is a probabilistic extension of terminological logics and aims at closing the gap between the two areas of research .
0	A common assumption in robotic applications is to identify tagged points with an abstract location .
1	We show the existence of depth scales that naturally limit the maximum depth of signal propagation through these random networks .
0	Finally we will show the effect of including information from the whole phoneme rather than just the frames from the centre .
1	Such a representation is often compact and arguably quite natural in many circumstances .
0	E. Implementation The configurations we took into consideration are listed in Table II .
1	To detect malware we propose to use a tree automaton to compactly store malicious behavior trees and check if any of the subtrees extracted from the file under analysis is malicious .
0	The very few women that are fortunate enough to join higher learning institutions can be characterized by lower academic performance and higher forced withdrawal .
1	Graph theoretical ideas are highly utilized by computer science fields especially data mining .
0	We brie y sket h the main ideas underlying reasoning in both ontexts .
1	Some of them leverage synonyms and semantic and structural analysis of text as additional information .
0	So the first two actions can be considered as a single action A12 with expected cost ( e.g .
1	Classical discounting is shown to be a special case of these schemes .
0	The proof reduces to finding a lower bound on P [ Dt ] .
1	Several interesting properties using subgraphs of a strong neutrosophic graph are obtained .
0	The precision and recall curves for each class are computed by varying the voting threshold T .
1	To do it some methods of structure learning from data and simulation of Bayesian networks are inserted inside Estimation of Distribution Algorithms ( EDA ) .
0	We first randomly divided our queries into two sets for training the models and testing respectively .
1	Recent training algorithms for LDA can be interpreted within a unified message passing framework .
0	Table 3 gives references to the theorems and corollaries where the results are stated .
1	We also develop an efficient stochastic gradient algorithm for learning parameters .
0	However we did not have a unified explanation for them .
1	Standard value function approaches to finding policies for Partially Observable Markov Decision Processes ( POMDPs ) are generally considered to be intractable for large models .
0	In this section we present experimental results that demonstrate the performance of our proposed method and compare it to other existing OOSE methods .
1	Events attached by a semantic meaning do not need to have an explanation in terms of cause and effect .
0	An aid that gives alerts every second will quickly be discarded by the user in stressful situations ( if not immediately ) .
1	The size and complexity of software and hardware systems have significantly increased in the past years .
0	This perceptual analysis can take about ten days to process a minute of video .
1	Twitter also provides developer friendly streaming API for data retrieval purpose allowing the analyst to search real time tweets from various users .
0	nFC1 applies ( one pass of ) AC to ea h onstraint or onstraint proje tion involving the urrent and exa tly one future variable .
1	The eLearning encyclopedia contains some 25.000 media objects and the eLearning platform provides services such as virtual and remote labs for experiments .
0	These parameters turned out to be conservative for the real system .
1	The proposed model is generic and even works when there are n views of interest and only one pivot view which acts as a bridge between them .
0	We also studied three variations of MetaNet as an ablation experiment in order to show how fast parameterization affects the network dynamics .
1	KB_Bio_101 is one of the largest KBs available in ASP and the reasoning with it is undecidable in general .
0	The natural language used in E1 consisted of a fixed set of sentence fragments ( see Table 1 ) .
1	We further describe how symbolic techniques can provide information which can significantly reduce the computation required for computing all cause posterior marginals .
0	Refer to [ 10 ] for a specification of PDDL 2.1. ar X iv :1 30 6 .
1	A natural and established way to restrict the constraint satisfaction problem is to fix the relations that can be used to pose constraints ; such a family of relations is called a constraint language .
0	This paradox is created by the opportunity for an action to change the past .
1	Our proof uses a new property of conditional independence that holds for these two classes of probability distributions .
0	It provides a foundation for the development and analysis of solvers for modular systems .
1	Nogood learning is a powerful approach to reducing search in Constraint Programming ( CP ) solvers .
0	And the network ( for basic understanding ) should be naturally scaled according to the power of awarenese .
1	We also study the existence of strong equilibria and relate it to a stronger variant of candidate control .
0	de nite clause programs containing probabilistic facts with a parameterized probability distribution .
1	We also show how our method can be applied to solve various constrained discrete optimization problems such as submodular minimization and shortest path computation .
0	The Classifier is presented a series of feature vectors from the previous data .
1	Extracting useful predictive modeling from these types of data sets is a challenging problem due to their high complexity .
0	Let us begin with the formalization of our intuitive ideas of the game rules .
1	We provide the details of the algorithm and then consider the question of under what conditions stochastic gradient descent will outperform exact gradient descent .
0	Mikolov ( 2013a ; 2013b ) also proposed some efficient techniques including hierarchical softmax and negative sampling to replace full softmax during the optimization process .
1	This process of active interaction is in the same spirit as a scientist performing experiments to discover hidden facts .
0	Cycles in argument graphs are expensive as the attackers and defenders of an argument may be infinite .
1	New architectures are handcrafted by careful experimentation or modified from a handful of existing networks .
0	The confronted problems are different enough to show the generality of the proposed learning system .
1	The problem of truth functionality is discussed in this context .
0	The choice of wavelet function and the number of decomposition levels is of importance for the multiresolution decomposition .
1	We propose a new method for learning word representations using hierarchical regularization in sparse coding inspired by the linguistic study of word meanings .
0	We now invoke the variational Bayesian methodology to approximate the integral .
1	We propose a new online learning algorithm that searches faster as training progresses .
0	Figure 2 ( left ) compares the detectability3 of different adversaries .
1	This paper presents ontology merging methodology for building a single global ontology from heterogeneous eXtensible Markup Language ( XML ) data sources to capture and maintain all the knowledge which XML data sources can contain
0	To prove correctness of the algorithm we need to show that the evaluations of the surrogate functions are independent .
1	A control algorithm for batch processing of mixed waste is proposed based on conditional Gaussian Bayesian networks .
0	Note that these lemmas also hold for all types of simulations and bisimulations .
1	For most deep learning algorithms training is notoriously time consuming .
0	We have also shown that the stimulus update rule can be adapted with some problem specific terms .
1	Solving symmetric Bayesian decision problems is a computationally intensive task to perform regardless of the algorithm used .
0	The role of the first part is to generate a message corresponding to an assignment to the variables of the CNF formula F .
1	Our approach is contrasted with a dynamic Bayesian network for a simple medical example .
0	This finding is mostly supported when we consider only items with many reviews ( at least 100 ) .
1	Interesting results were obtained and are discussed in the paper .
0	This section explains how continuous change can sometimes be modelled in pddl2.1 using durative actions with discrete effects .
1	Ondex is a data integration and visualization platform developed to support Systems Biology Research .
0	[ 2014 ] were the first to suggest that a similar correspondence can be established for sexual population dynamics .
1	This paper focuses on perturbations that can be expressed locally in Bayesian networks through convex sets of distributions .
0	( 1 ) Remove all clauses containing the literal li from F ; ( 2 ) Delete all occurrences of the negation of the literal li from the other clauses ; ( 3 ) Perform the process as far as possible .
1	Compact representations of objects is a common concept in computer science .
0	The authors wish to thank three anonymous referees for their comments and suggestions .
1	Early detection of individual suicide risk plays a key role in suicide prevention .
0	This experiment shows that agents more reliably produce the correct label by following their learned interaction policies than by observing the environment being driven by random actions .
1	In this paper we use PSO to propose a new minimum distance WMD for SAX to remedy this problem .
0	Applying Skolemization We can now perform WFOMC inference in MLNs with quantifiers .
1	First is based on linear principal component analysis ( PCA ) .
0	Table 2 summarizes some statistics of the three benchmark tests .
1	The idea of applying machine learning ( ML ) to solve problems in security domains is almost 3 decades old .
0	A comparison with the introduction rule for the implication in natural deduction is another way to make this clear .
1	Then purely numerical strategies are not able to sufficiently model the reality .
0	It is worth noting that the global dish menu changes each day in that residents in the city are fed up with having the same dishes every day .
1	The attractiveness of a post to a user depends on many complex contextual and temporal features of the post .
0	The branch width of a branch decomposition T for H is the maximum size of any labeling in T .
1	A primary framework concerned with the mind through pe algorithm has been constructed in prior works .
0	be a small change in the absolute value of the given query .
1	We propose a metric learning framework for the construction of invariant geometric functions of planar curves for the Euclidean and Similarity group of transformations .
0	If the features are independent no information is shared so mutual information is zero .
1	Since Lazy Clause Generation ( LCG ) solvers can also return unsatisfiable cores we can adapt the MAXSAT unsatisfiable core approach to CP .
0	Effector cells are responsible for killing the tumour cells inside the organism .
1	The proposed conceptual model is successfully designed and partially implementation in the form of a prototype .
0	We consider the assignment problem in Example 1 to illustrate some of the fairness notions .
1	We present an approach to planning and decision making that performs the utility elicitation incrementally and in a way that is informed by the domain model .
0	The puck also had a retarding force due to air resistance of0:005 speed2 .
1	The efficiency of algorithms using secondary structures for probabilistic inference in Bayesian networks can be improved by exploiting independence relations induced by evidence and the direction of the links in the original network .
0	A term of sort s is defined as follows : 1 .
1	A numerical implementation of our technique and experiments on a large face images dataset verify the speed and the accuracy of our theoretical results .
0	Feinberg ( 2000 ) analyzed the complexity of constrained discounted MDPs .
1	These neurons are of the same type characterized by the two features : ( 1 ) an inner product of an input vector and a matching weighting vector of trainable parameters and ( 2 ) a nonlinear excitation function .
0	Theorem 5 Assume ( 11 ) and ( 12 ) hold .
1	This paper presents a novel compositional modelling approach aimed at building model repositories .
0	The converse of the condition given in this definition always holds .
1	The other one is to examine the impact of evidence on the conclusion based on the measure of the information content in the evidence .
0	It is here assumed that none of the constraints is associated with more than one phase .
1	The computational complexity of the architectures are compared on the LImited Memory Influence Diagram ( LIMID ) : a diagram where only the requiste information for the computation of the optimal policies are depicted .
0	It is possible to generate this suffix tree in time proportional to the sum of all paths in the trie .
1	A comparison between our method and other methods shows that our method has several advantages when generalization or prediction is deeded .
0	This ground truth data contains the path and id of each bee over multiple consecutive frames .
1	The task involves taking a user query as input and returning a list of people sorted by their level of expertise regarding the user query .
0	In particular we will experiment with a prototype implementation of our proposed architecture .
1	The use of directed acyclic graphs ( DAGs ) to represent conditional independence relations among random variables has proved fruitful in a variety of ways .
0	[ 24 ] ) or neural network based ( cf .
1	The particularities of Kiwi stand in its generic trailing state restoration mechanism and its modulable use of variables .
0	A CSP defined like this often has more than one valid solution .
1	A novel approach based on simulated annealing namely SAPFOCS is adopted in this study to develop effective part families exploiting the PCA technique .
0	We now present the proof of Theorem 1 where we illustrate Step 3 : Proof .
1	Knowledge graph embedding refers to projecting entities and relations in knowledge graph into continuous vector spaces .
0	The third ( and optional ) argument is a data frame that tells LLAMA whether the run of a particular algorithm on a particular instance was successful or not .
1	It is only recently that this important topic is considered in the context of belief functions .
0	Synthetic Data : We generate two random subspaces in R1000 of dimensionality 20 and 30 ( notice that these subspaces will be independent with probability 1 ) .
1	A conceptual foundation for approximation of belief functions is proposed and investigated .
0	A minority class sample could possibly have a majority class sample as its nearest neighbor rather than a minority class sample .
1	We show how two features of our anytime algorithm provide reasonable estimates of the value of computation in this domain .
0	mips tackles concurrency in temporal planning by lifting partial orders from the totally ordered plans that are produced by its forward search .
1	We develop a theory of finite exchangeability and its relation to tractable probabilistic inference .
0	The R3NN has the following parameters for the grammar described by a DSL ( see Figure 3 ) : 1 .
1	The system will also need a mechanism for ordering competing explanations .
0	Here we compare the performance of the algorithms in the transductive setting where the algorithms use all the points in the data set .
1	The accuracy of the learned networks was consistently superior to that of corresponding networks learned without constraints .
0	This shows that best fitness values for all three measures initially progress well until generation 95 when a simultaneous improvement in CBO and dramatic decrease in NAC are evident .
1	We approach this problem from first principles and formulate it as a surprisingly simple optimization problem .
0	When making using of algebraic closure as inference mechanism it is essential to acknowledge that some axiom violations require special procedures in order to compute algebraic closure .
1	In the setting of Gaussian Graphical Models ( GGMs ) a popular estimator is a maximum likelihood objective with a penalization on the precision matrix .
0	The questions of G2 are used as the validation material for our conclusions .
1	We show such setting can preserve more contexts of local features and its evolutions which are beneficial for move prediction .
0	A matching in a graph is a subset of edges such that no two edges in the matching share a common node .
1	Predictions across the ensemble are finally combined via rank aggregation .
0	In Proceedings of the Workshop on Current Trends in Biomedical Natural Language Processing : Shared Task .
1	Our named entity recognition system outperforms the best previous systems for Vietnamese NER by a large margin .
0	Noti e that these equations make no assumptions about the parti ular fun tions .
1	In probability theory its value corresponds to the gain of information that would result from conducting an experiment and ascertaining an actual result .
0	Extension of the grounded program with these constraints leads to elimination of symmetric solutions .
1	We begin by noting that the problem is undecidable in general .
0	We will see later that LPS is incomplete because it can only generate models that make the consequents of reactive rules true when their antecedents become true .
1	Dynamic simulation of buildings was effectively used together with the optimization procedure in this approach to significantly improve the designs .
0	Point ( 1 ) simply states that R is indeed a reduction .
1	We believe this indicates the predictive utility of exploiting structure in the data and the data compression handed over by clustering .
0	Table 1 presents the information that each agent needs in order to update its belief about the global state of the 6 .
1	Constraints over finite sequences of variables are ubiquitous in sequencing and timetabling .
0	Each hidden and output node had the usual additional offset parameter .
1	Automatic analysis of biomedical time series such as electroencephalogram ( EEG ) and electrocardiographic ( ECG ) signals has attracted great interest in the community of biomedical engineering due to its important applications in medicine .
0	Pruhs and Woeginger [ 46 ] referred to weak SD proportionality simply as ordinal fairness .
1	The fusion of multiple sources information is discussed in this setting .
0	We are grateful to Marc Denecker and Vladimir Lifschitz for useful discussions .
1	We propose a scheme for recycling Gaussian random vectors into structured matrices to approximate various kernel functions in sublinear time via random embeddings .
0	Each group is represented by a DCOP agent managing variables that represent shelter allocations .
1	We show that the naive application of statistical tools can be improved upon if the agent can determine which of his observations are truly relevant to the estimation problem at hand .
0	Let us explain the rationality behind the cross referenced impacted addition method .
1	We also elaborate our near future plans to expand image content description with induced affect as in stimuli for research of human emotion and attention .
0	And we partition FB15K into five subsets with equal size of relations .
1	Our work presents solutions to several challenges that must be solved for achieving artificial general intelligence .
0	The network is optimised using gradient descent on a probabilistic cost function defined on pairs of documents .
1	We present a symbolic machinery that admits both probabilistic and causal information about a given domain and produces probabilistic statements about the effect of actions and the impact of observations .
0	An AUV should carry out complex mission in a confined time .
1	We describe here work which is under way towards providing a theoretical framework for symbolic decision procedures .
0	Here is the DIAMOND representation of Example 1 : s ( a ) .
1	A Bayesian network diagnostic inference algorithm is modified to take advantage of the hierarchy to give computational gains .
0	CTB5 is the most employed dataset for joint segmentation and POS tagging in previous research .
1	Our project aims for a deeper understanding of hardness of SAT problems that arise in practice .
0	A propositional atom a is a cautious consequence of a program P under FLP ( resp .
1	These efforts resulted in a new research area : constraint answer set programming ( CASP ) .
0	( 2016 ) which does not employ an attention mechanism .
1	Our goal is to incorporate the beneficial properties of a human teacher into Reinforcement Learning without making strong assumptions about the inner workings of the agent .
0	There are many possible ways to express the desire to learn independently controllable features as an objective .
1	Stock market prediction on the basis of public sentiments expressed on twitter has been an intriguing field of research .
0	It turns out that the ceteris paribus semantics is quite strong when we say that two variable values are equally preferred .
1	Atmospheric dispersions are then calculated based on identified predominant weather patterns and are matched against simulated incidents indicated by radiation readings on the ground .
0	The rules can be either handcoded or generated through a computer program ( e.g .
1	We show how to create a dynamic cut off strategy by learning a Bayesian model that predicts the ultimate length of a trial based on observing the early behavior of the search algorithm .
0	Each vertex in the graph corresponds to one news story .
1	They become an efficient tool for knowledge representation in a structured manner .
0	Since both these proofs build on Construction 16 and do not rely the exact position of actions it follows that also this Theorem and Corollary hold when restricted to unary Strips instances only .
1	Many known approximate inference algorithms can be viewed as instances of this approach .
0	Solid lines represent values of known not to be 0 .
1	One of the shared concepts consists of expressing quantitatively the uncertainty associated with a given distribution .
0	( 1 ) We now consider a learning algorithm A and its corresponding performance over n rounds .
1	The similar ideas are applied to develop a new IRLS algorithm for the expected logistic loss under corrupting distributions .
0	16 rules start from the same inital configuration and replace it by one of the four possible configurations indicated in the figures .
1	We discuss other aspects of the significance of the fundamental result .
0	The idea is that there is always an agent capable of overseeing the state of progress of the process of composition and of being able to localize the problem in case of failure .
1	We show how to find a small loop curser in a Bayesian network .
0	This is inherently less efficient than the new simulator as a great deal of image processing had to be completed before the controller could even consider its next move .
1	Users of influence diagrams often want to represent constraints by arrows into decision nodes .
0	The utterance fusing is necessary because participants often paused in their descriptions .
1	This is done by grouping variable values and treating the combined values as a single entity .
0	The initializer registers all needed atoms and stores them in local variables ( e.g .
1	Our experiments show that global normalization outperforms a locally normalized softmax layer on a benchmark dataset .
0	Perhaps our preprocessing of this corpus results in this phenomenon .
1	The experimental results demonstrate that our algorithm outperforms surveyed algorithms .
0	The output of the SVM classifier using only linguistic features used for sarcasm detection by Joshi et al .
1	One important factor determining the computational complexity of evaluating a probabilistic network is the cardinality of the state spaces of the nodes .
0	We use the LLAMA toolkit [ 19 ] to train and test the algorithm selection models .
1	This component is part of a larger system relying on video sensors to provide queue lengths and spatial occupancy that are used for real time traffic control and monitoring .
0	Having smaller feature sets sizes has a dramatic effect on the value of information calculations .
1	the independence facts true of the distribution are all and only those entailed by the network structure .
0	Each TAC agent has 8 clients with randomly assigned travel preferences .
1	Many researchers in artificial intelligence are beginning to explore the use of soft constraints to express a set of ( possibly conflicting ) problem requirements .
0	[ 8 ] use argumentation to analyse the output of a protein prediction tool .
1	We present an algorithm for automatic generation of synthetic ride request graphs that match quite well the densification factor of ride request graphs from actual ride request data .
0	The ontology is managed through different components of Description Logics .
1	We identify two important challenges that need to be overcome before such adaptation of planning technology can occur : ( i ) interpreting the inputs of the human workers ( and the requester ) and ( ii ) steering or critiquing the plans being produced by the human workers armed only with incomplete domain and preference models .
0	Model revision also tries to maintain as much as possible of the original solution ( dispatching schedule ) when processing the change .
1	My technique utilises a Cellular Automaton ( CA ) to build a representation of the environment at each time step of the game .
0	Consider applying variable elimination to the formulation of SAT given above .
1	We propose new gossip algorithms based on dual averaging which aims at solving such problems both in synchronous and asynchronous settings .
0	We set a threshold to remain the most confident k words and filter out the others .
1	This paper describes a novel approach to planning which takes advantage of decision theory to greatly improve robustness in an uncertain environment .
0	We apply the structured penalty to each column of A .
1	Belief propagation between a pair of subnets plays a central role in maintenance of global consistency in a MSBN .
0	The rule may be fired during the propagation step but one can only conclude that the rule head c must be true ( because b is not yet proved ) .
1	The information captured by these embeddings can be exploited for bilingual translation by learning a transformation matrix that allows to match relative positions across two monolingual vector spaces .
0	The differences between the numbers of evaluations to best solution are also not statistically significant .
1	Feature weighting algorithms try to solve a problem of great importance nowadays in machine learning : The search of a relevance measure for the features of a given domain .
0	A plan is irreducible if every one of its actions changes the state .
1	These symmetric solutions decrease performance of optimization algorithms because of two reasons : a ) they satisfy all requirements and can not be pruned out from the search space ; and b ) existence of symmetric optimal solutions does not allow to prove the optimum in a feasible time .
0	The role of the bandit algorithm on every node of MCTS is to estimate the value of the node and perform selection according to the estimated value .
1	We characterize the conditions under which a fair assignment is guaranteed to exist .
0	The proposition of theoretical fight simulation is possible because the team fight consists of a series of interactions that is contained in a timespan .
1	We use related concepts in logic programming to justify our approach .
0	Noisy data is generated by applying additive Gaussian noise at nine SNRs .
1	This approach is also incremental in that the algorithm refines the state spaces of random variables for tighter bounds until the qualitative relationships are resolved .
0	Every edge set E has at least one undominated edge .
1	This paper addresses the problem of merging uncertain information in the framework of possibilistic logic .
0	The attention vector aj represents how much the classifier pays attention to the children nodes of the target node .
1	Textual entailment checks if the truth of the hypothesis follows from a given text .
0	Eve quickly surpasses all other methods and achieves the lowest final training loss .
1	This paper deals with the representation and solution of asymmetric Bayesian decision problems .
0	Such expressions can be used in heads of rules to generate many answer sets .
1	We discuss the connection between PSTD and prior approaches in RL and SSID .
0	The most obvious benefit of using jamo letters is alleviating data sparsity by flattening the combinatorial space of Korean characters .
1	We then derive error bounds for compression schemes such as ( transductive ) support vector machines and for transduction algorithms based on clustering .
0	The reduce function takes in the vertex values to be reduced ( corresponding to outbound vertices ) and returns the vertex values for the next update ( corresponding to inbound vertices ) .
1	Two simple simulations have been done on spectrum estimation and speech coding .
0	The score is normalized to fit between 1 and 100 .
1	A prototype is built to demonstrate the functionalities of a collaborative Knowledge Management system based on this approach .
0	The number of clusters selected by each algorithm is shown within parentheses after the Jaccard index .
1	Even though vocabulary development and software development have much more similarities than differences there are still important differences .
0	Note also that the set of the direct attackers of an argument can be infinite ( this property will be used when we take into account an argumentation graph with cycles ) .
1	Hence the control strategy is applied to a layered set of distinct hierarchies .
0	These methods readily apply to audio documents with single or coherent events .
1	We conduct experiments to test the new distance and we obtain promising results .
0	Tempo change : the singer may speed up or slow down during a query .
1	We examined temporal patterns of the linguistic expression of individuals on Chinese social media ( Weibo ) .
0	The algorithm finally outputs the tree with single points as leaves and internal nodes corresponding to the merges performed .
1	The approach simulates potential component fixes through human computation tasks and measures the expected improvements in the holistic behavior of the system .
0	This te hnique was introdu ed by Stallman and Sussman ( 1977 ) in dependen y dire ted ba ktra king .
1	We present an enhanced formalism for qualitative networks with a finer level of detail .
0	With regard to swarm intelligence algorithms found a contribution in the area of clustering in ants and swarm particulate matter such as insects and birds .
1	Most algorithms for solving POMDPs iteratively improve a value function that implicitly represents a policy and are said to search in value function space .
0	Note that a related result has recently been presented by Blum and Langford ( 2003 ) .
1	We then find that a small modification of the threshold selection allows it to be proven as an effective strategy for dealing with the noise in the problem .
0	That system could be modelled both in a theoretical aspect as well as in a practical approach .
1	We show that the error in a belief state contracts exponentially as the process evolves .
0	Note that the group of objects is linguistically not mentioned .
1	The goal of diagnosis is to compute good repair strategies in response to anomalous system behavior .
0	One can argue that it is possible to cluster the variables to preserve acyclicity .
1	It combines conceptual simplicity with descriptive and explanatory power across several areas of computing and cognition .
0	For the LDR detection part ( based on 2SND ) the robustness is achieved by the two stage architecture that suspicious samples pass through .
1	Ground vehicles equipped with monocular vision systems are a valuable source of high resolution image data for precision agriculture applications in orchards .
0	Rocchio ( 1971 ) ) is used to extract strong negatives ( those that are far from the class boundary of the positive data ) from the unlabeled data .
1	This result indicates the need for numerical strengths of belief .
0	We characterize the space of agent strategies based on the amount of knowledge they use ( see Table 2 ) .
1	will select any feasible location available to be scheduled in the new harmony solution .
0	All environments are constrained by a fixed boundary having 1000x1000 dimension .
1	Firstly because creating a specific propagator for every constraint is clearly infeasible since the number of constraints is infinite .
0	Corollary 1 : Let S1 and S2 be two FTSs .
1	We will analyse how a set of machine learning algorithms can be used in smart devices to alert the clinician in case of a patient health condition worsening trend .
0	( 1992 ) are unary onstraints whi h restri t the value of a variable to some spe i ed nite subset of the natural numbers .
1	We present a supervised sequence to sequence transduction model with a hard attention mechanism which combines the more traditional statistical alignment methods with the power of recurrent neural networks .
0	These K prediction models are then employed to make a set of K distinct predictions on the test set using the two step procedure for mapping and making predictions of test points sketched in the previous section .
1	Topics are tracked to deal with the continuously updated news streams .
0	The data is partitioned into 32 pieces and each piece is hosted by 2 machines .
1	Conceptually it approximates the population with a randomly sampled batch ; then it evenly trains batches by conducting a gradient update on every batch in an epoch .
0	The generative model works like a neural net where the threshold at every node is 0 .
1	A generative framework is developed for isolated phoneme classification using linear features .
0	Claim 52 follows by combining Equations ( 75 ) and ( 76 ) .
1	Our results show that the proposed method is relatively robust to omission in test results in the meta datasets .
0	We typically use four observed examples and six assessment examples per test instance .
1	We use convolutional neural networks to parametrize our estimators due to the compositional structure of the problem .
0	The rule based RB gives fairly high precision but with low recall .
1	The difficulty in solving optimally such problems arises when the agents lack full observability of the global state of the system when they operate .
0	The examples used to generate the graph are those solved by zChaff within 100 se onds using an Intel Pentium 4M running at 1.6GHz .
1	Understanding and fixing errors that arise in such integrative systems is difficult as failures can occur at multiple points in the execution workflow .
0	We say that the algorithm is complete for those classes .
1	The point of focus today is knowledge and service production with more emphasis been laid on knowledge capital .
0	Message flow for host configurations msg f low host ( ?
1	The first approach takes the largest set of joint distributions that is compatible with the local sets of distributions ; we show how to reduce this type of robust inference to a linear programming problem .
0	A proper revision of these directions in SKYSET format is shown below .
1	The novel aspect of this work is the fine temporal scale at which semantic information is assigned to the video .
0	As before the proofs will also rely on the key properties of the ETD iterates .
1	However teaching computers to learn such behaviors is a challenge .
0	This quanti cation is captured by associating a conditionalprobability table ( CPT ) with each variable in the network .
1	We use online EM to train sound segment similarity weights for computing similarity between two words .
0	The event has happened in a geometric region or neighborhood called a stay region .
1	So this system is capable of recognizing coins from both sides .
0	In order to generate the set of regionsconsisting of states whose future value ( w.r.t .
1	Traditional learning strategies such as Contrastive Divergence are very inefficient .
0	the CFMU slot or the estimated time of entrance in the airspace .
1	This class is proven to precisely coincide with the class of logically closed languages that may be thought of as functions from expressions to sets of logically equivalent Ty_n terms .
0	LOD2 actually provides a set of tools developed as building blocks of a unified LOD framework .
1	The simplifying unification is achieved by ( i ) replacing axioms that are supposed to reflect two informational attitudes ( uncertainty aversion and uncertainty attraction ) by an axiom that imposes order on set of standard lotteries and ( ii ) using a binary utility scale in which each utility level is represented by a pair of numbers .
0	The problems SUBJECTIVE and OBJECTIVE ACCEPTANCE can be decided in linear time for valuebased systems whose extended graph structure has bounded treewidth .
1	It is shown that this assumption is plausible if their is a reasonable amount of confidence in the probabilities which are stored in the network .
0	Particular instances of exchangeability such as full finite exchangeability correspond to particular statistics .
1	Nogood learning solvers can be seen as resolution proof systems .
0	It is robust to unbalanced datasets and it provides a simple statistical summary of the performance in a single value .
1	Diagnosis of model failure is also necessary to control dynamic model construction and revision .
0	( 2007 ) successfully applied two missing data estimation techniques which were the Gaussian Mixture Models trained using the Expectation Maximization ( EM ) algorithm and autoassociative neural networks which used particle swarm optimization to estimate missing values .
1	A dataset is imbalanced if the classification categories are not approximately equally represented .
0	Studying which are the lower bounds of the required amount of data would be an interesting problem that we let for future research .
1	We also propose a number of approximation methods for manipulating these two rules .
0	Each horizontal in the image shows one update step on the CA .
1	This result justifies the use of search heuristics instead of exact algorithms for choosing network structures to be considered .
0	We define imposter domain DI as the transitional zone between DS and DT .
1	This allows the system to answer queries with information which was not contained in the original KB in any form .
0	In POS adjectives are tagged to display positive and negatives ones .
1	Also we enhance the proposed method by combining ontological similarity with lexical similarity and the results show an enhancement of the segmentation quality .
0	The generated code includes the corresponding IR expressions in the comments to improve readability .
1	A natural question is whether the consensus belief of a group of agents can be represented with equal parsimony .
0	These ontology learning tools can significantly reduce the time and efforts in ontology construction compared to human work .
1	There exist many problem domains where intelligibility of the network model is crucial for deployment .
0	However feeding in a single curve is insufficient and instead we run this convolutional architecture in a Siamese configuration ( Figure 2 ) that accepts a curve and a transformed version ( positive ) of the curve or an unrelated curve ( negative ) .
1	Attribute reduction is a basic issue in knowledge representation and data mining .
0	We begin by introducing the basic discriminative setting for retrieving similar questions .
1	Future research is outlined in the concluding part of the paper .
0	One task to solve during the procedure is the selection of the next question .
1	We propose the definition of a software developer context model that takes into account all the dimensions that characterize the work environment of the developer .
0	The discriminative methods aim to learn a mapping between the features and the class labels directly .
1	We test our algorithms empirically and find that most commonly studied academic games tend to have either very large or very small minimal CURB sets .
0	To define when two actions can be applied concurrently and how their concurrent application affects the application of those actions individually .
1	Feature selection is a process of choosing a subset of relevant features so that the quality of prediction models can be improved .
0	NICTA is funded by the Australian Government through the Dept .
1	We show how to build these networks based upon data on smart card use in buses via the application of algorithms that estimate an OD and reconstruct the complete itinerary of the passengers .
0	We also collected two statistics that should not have depended on whether user modeling was in effect .
1	Many known planning tasks have inherent constraints concerning the best order in which to achieve the goals .
0	Research questions regarding the DRM : [ e ] What are the most suitable classification categories to be used for the matrix we want to develop ?
1	In this work we introduce a binarized deep neural network ( BDNN ) model .
0	This is the polynomial part of the complexity of subset value iteration .
1	The agent explores a large but finite space of possible architectures and iteratively discovers designs with improved performance on the learning task .
0	The SG family is a rst step in this dire tion .
1	Here we develop a heuristic approach to the automatic discovery of invariants and report upon a series of experiments that we undertook in order to evaluate our approach .
0	The overall architecture of LLAMA is illustrated in Figure 1 .
1	Modern power systems have begun integrating synchrophasor technologies into part of daily operations .
0	The discriminator error can now be backpropagated through the 3D model which allows the generator to also learn the distributions of positions and orientations of the bee marker .
1	The results of this work have been implemented and applied to a complex military problem from which this work originated .
0	ESG ( Enterprise Storage Group ) forecasts medical image data in North America will grow to more than 35 percent per year and will reach nearly 2.6 million terabytes by 2014 [ 18 ] .
1	Matching natural language sentences is central for many applications such as information retrieval and question answering .
0	Every agent is capable of realizing certain number of actions : its competences .
1	The performance of random ferns is compared with random forests for the same data .
0	staff and PhD students ) when they are in the School of Computer Science for work .
1	We could simply conduct fewer tests and save thus computation time .
0	Inspection of the mean predicted firing rate traces for LNs and RNNs in Figure 3 reveals that the recurrent network seems to be capturing the timing of firing more precisely .
1	Learning for maximizing AUC performance is an important research problem in Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence .
0	The structures of DNNs need to be designed for easier training when there are a larger number of layers [ 9 ] .
1	We generalize these prior results and establish a tight characterization of the LP problems that can be formulated as an equivalent LP relaxation of MAP inference .
0	[ 25 ] that use the sum of internal weights of clusters as the normalization term .
1	Intrinsic evaluation shows that this method generally outperforms the personalised method found in previous work .
0	This node is ( further ) expanded by randomly picking one of the unvisited children ( see 2 ( b ) ) .
1	Depending on the actual data one of these hierarchies is chosen by the control strategy for the next step in the reasoning process .
0	Two protocols are shown in Figure 9 and specify the abstract informer protocol and a concrete informer protocol .
1	It will be more efficient if testing is taught simultaneously with programming foundations .
0	A CNF formula is Horn theory if all clauses are Horn clause .
1	The uncertainty on the values of the parameters is assumed to be given under the form of a probability distribution .
0	Particular emphasis is put on interactive control of test hypotheses ( derived from uniformity and regularity hypotheses ) for tractable testing .
1	A third significant feature of the approach is its ability to be used as method to find a consensus of the opinion of multiple experts on the issue of concern .
0	He proposed a problem to investigate the performances of the students when the large data base of Students information system ( SIS ) is given .
1	Prior work has demonstrated that exploiting the sparsity can dramatically improve the energy efficiency and shrink the memory footprint of Convolutional Neural Networks ( CNNs ) .
0	The performance of each algorithm selection model was compared to the virtual best solver ( VBS ) and the single best solver .
1	This paper describes a novel approach to medical diagnosis based on the SP theory of computing and cognition .
0	We then designed a method for associating one or more VCM icons to a SNOMED CT clinical finding concept .
1	This application is based on the principle of maximum entropy ; it has become a popular method of relating decisions to uncertainty .
0	A mixed strategy of a player is an independent distribution over her actions .
1	A natural solution is to use machine learning to adapt the recognizer to the user .
0	The current map is updated in the location where the position of the vehicle is shown by the yellow triangles ; these changes are obvious in Figure 4.9 ( b ) .
1	Some reseachers have tried to do argument detection and classification along with its implementation in some domains .
0	Then we can compute frequent words from the contexts ( cf .
1	We applied our model to automating the prediction of how learners of English would interpret sentences containing the passive voice .
0	We know that the composition of two uniform fuzzy relations need not be a uniform fuzzy relation ( cf .
1	Preliminary empirical evaluation demonstrate the effect of constraint propagation on probabilistic computation .
0	And whatever we shall learn can be learned only if we have a sufficient repository of basic categories from which we can build a desired concept.Our initial knowledge consists of a type system and a set of primitive typed relations and ( arithmetic ) operations .
1	Techniques to calculate point estimates for the posterior probabilities of entailed sentences are discussed .
0	This method is based on the estimates of confidence in the outcomes of the DT ensemble which can be quantitatively estimated on the training data within the Uncertainty Envelope technique .
1	Various approaches to carry out automated composition of web services are discussed in literature .
0	The SP system has potential to facilitate any or all of these processes .
1	ANFIS includes benefits of both ANN and the fuzzy logic systems .
0	The category is assigned manually by wikipedians and therefore not all pages have a category item .
1	The efficiency improvements obtained with the lazy evaluation based method is emphasized through examples .
0	The deadlines of all jobs are equal to their arrival times .
1	This learning method was applied using as input various mixtures of experimental and observational data that were generated from the ALARM causal Bayesian network .
0	Neither survived : the Aquarius compiler remained unusably slow and native code generation was dropped from SICStus because of its maintenance requirements .
1	This study explores literary works as signals in word embedding space and tries to compare writing styles of popular classic novels using dynamic time warping .
0	( 2015b ) weigh the effect of the rules against the data and hence allow for partially correct rules .
1	We thus use abstract scenes created from clipart to provide the visual grounding .
0	Minimizing sequential plan length was the only objective in the first and second planning competitions .
1	These interdependent sentence pair representations are more powerful than isolated sentence representations .
0	An AC algorithm has to remove the values that have no support on a constraint .
1	A logic is defined that allows to express information about statistical probabilities and about degrees of belief in specific propositions .
0	We will use this later to show that this algorithm and our constraint encoding are equivalent .
1	So the annotation of negative bags becomes unnecessary in our method .
0	The simulator has detailed models of each type of vehicle and sensor .
1	In This paper the inertia weight PSO variant is used to generate a possible solution according to the stability based fitness function and a set of joints motions constraints .
0	Clearly this depends on the complexity of the mapping from candidate solution ( as presented to the user for evaluation ) back to representation ( as used by the search engine ) .
1	The algorithm is deterministic and is guaranteed to have a complexity of single node addition that is at most of order proportional to the number of nodes ( or size ) of the network .
0	Since M is inconsistent we conclude that F has no models .
1	This paper is concerned with finding optimal policies for POMDPs .
0	( 2015 ) demonstrated improved performance by restricting their attention mechanism to small windows of the source sentence .
1	This is particularly true for integral items such as movies or songs .
0	L2 regularization is applied to the embedding matrix X with a coefficient equal to 0.0001 .
1	This paper explores this connection in more detail and lays out the factors leading to differences between these models .
0	Beyond declaring inputs in the same way as before ( cf .
1	We observed that this use of a predictor in conjunction with clustering improved the prediction accuracy in most datasets .
0	Integers expressed in words are first converted to their numeric forms using regular expressions and a lookup table .
1	Researchers have been investing significant efforts to develop heuristics or restrictions to make planning practically feasible .
0	( 2010 ) suggest that the performance of the method of Juszczak et al .
1	The algorithm selection problem is attracting increasing attention from researchers and practitioners in AI .
0	The attention of each input word and state pair is computed by being projected into a vector of 100 dimensions ( Equation 6 ) .
1	The first relaxation scheme works by dropping some constraints in order to obtain a problem that is solvable in polynomial time .
0	Florentin Smarandache 44 Neutrosophic Offset is a set which is both neutrosophic overset and neutrosophic underset .
1	We show bounds on : ( a ) expert incentive to misreport ; ( b ) the degree to which an expert will misreport ; and ( c ) decision maker loss in utility due to such uncertainty .
0	An instantiated relational path produces a set of traversals 2 .
1	We present a higher order MI based approximation technique called Higher Order Feature Selection ( HOFS ) .
0	Page Blocks data set is a collection of page layout of a document that has been detected by a segmentation process [ 42 ] .
1	We believe that the translation of the inference computation problem from the probabilistic framework to the possibilistic framework will allow performance improvement of LBP algorithm .
0	An example of this task is depicted in Figure 6g .
1	Plausibility measures have already proved useful in analyzing default reasoning .
0	Li et al [ 17 ] exploited topic model to capture the dynamic evolution of topics in timeline generation .
1	The research on conditional planning rejects the assumptions that there is no uncertainty or incompleteness of knowledge with respect to the state and changes of the system the plans operate on .
0	The comments made in Remark 1 pertain also to generation of models in the logic PC ( ID ) .
1	They are able to learn long term dependencies but they get unstable when the dimension is chosen greater than one .
0	However in the MMC model this is not the case .
1	Reactive answer set programming has paved the way for incorporating online information into operative solving processes .
0	Predictions generated by a PredNet model are shown in Figure 2 .
1	Methods that represent a textual document by a topic representation are widely used in Information Retrieval ( IR ) to process big data such as Wikipedia articles .
0	A dual viewpoint appears to o er the bran hing heuristi very signi ant advantages on this problem .
1	This method was successfully used for the testing of a medical DSS relating to chronic diseases : the ASTI critiquing module for type 2 diabetes .
0	Adjacent English words align with the same word in Chinese .
1	The accomplished goal of this research was to support the field of PDM with a new proposition of a conceptual model for the implementation of natural language based search .
0	A second measure was the hit rate : the percentage of conversations in which the first item presented was acceptable to the user .
1	In this paper we introduce the variational Gaussian process dynamical system .
0	Perturbation resilience implies that the optimal clustering does not change under small perturbations of the distance measure .
1	Influence diagrams serve as a powerful tool for modelling symmetric decision problems .
0	In the small problems talplanner produces shorter makespan plans than both tlplan and shop2 and shop2 produces shorter makespan plans than tlplan .
1	The number of documents available into Internet moves each day up .
0	Example 3 The Blocks World can be described in this language as follows .
1	This research used the highest occurrence of the course number to be scheduled in a new harmony .
0	Therefore in the rest of this section we will be concentrating on the first method : blocked Gibbs sampling .
1	The perception of a complete and stable view is aided by an attention mechanism that directs the eyes to the numerous points of interest within the scene .
0	Initnumeric is a set of propositions asserting the initial values of a subset of the primitive numeric expressions of the domain .
1	We consider a recent innovative theory by Chastain et al .
0	The combinations of any two of them have also gained much attention in recent years .
1	This measure is used to guide the inference process towards interpretations with a higher information content .
0	This hints that correlating the signs of the different estimates can circumvent the lower bound result in Theorem 3 .
1	dictionary words ) are free to use these representations to uniquely differing degrees .
0	This certainly will be true when training data are costly .
1	They are very different from the usual graphs and neutrosophic graphs .
0	The above ideas are embedded in a short proof system extending classical logic : 1 .
1	We also combine these methods in unsupervised and supervised way .
0	This would be a disadvantage since there would not be any more inferences to improve the ones made by this textual sensor .
1	The reconfiguration process aims at maintaining a jointree which corresponds to the underlying belief network after it has been pruned given the current query .
0	The construction ends when no more defaults can be applied .
1	Their semantics is defined by first translating the LPOD into a set of normal programs ( called split programs ) and then imposing a preference relation among the answer sets of these split programs .
0	The ASP programs for the other queries involve choice expressions .
1	The proposed model assumes that optimal transitions between tracks can be modelled and predicted by internal transitions within music tracks .
0	The result reported by the genetic algorithm refers to the fittest individual in the last population to have been filled during that time .
1	This paper investigates the problem that some Arabic names can be written in multiple ways .
0	We compare the success rate of four implemented algorithms with respect to different numbers of agents and different radii of agents .
1	We show how such variegated quantitative and functional data can be integrated and accessed in a universal manner using Semantic Web tools .
0	How exactly both ways of communication are translated in the algorithm is entirely at the discretion of the algorithm designer .
1	Predict exhibits a conservative behavior in that it is always sound but not always complete .
0	How would this behavior be realized in a game though ?
1	This constraint acts between two sets of integer variables where the domains of those variables represent preferences .
0	We report results on an English speaker held out development set which is an internal dataset containing 2048 utterances of primarily read speech .
1	We accordingly propose two simple regularizers to a standard discriminative DNN .
0	We make one such assumption for each possible model type for each object pair .
1	We present theoretical results in terms of lower and upper bounds on the query complexity of noisy search with comparative feedback .
0	Figure 1 ( b ) shows the structure of this neural network .
1	The authors evaluated 12 classification techniques by applying them to the Chronic Kidney Disease data .
0	The following definition gives the stronger variants of converse and composition existing in the literature .
1	We develop a joint Bayesian model that performs topic modeling and event segmentation in one unified framework .
0	This can be effected by a straightforward sweep through the network .
1	These results suggest that infinitesimal probability methods may be of substantial practical value for machine diagnosis with small prior fault probabilities .
0	The improvements made by using relevant law articles actually indicates the nature of the civil law system that judgements are made based on statutory laws .
1	Social media platforms such as Twitter have been considered as a vital source of useful information for disaster response and management .
0	The probability with which Z becomestrue is given by the tree representing the CPT for node Z .
1	Numerical experiments on MNIST datasets show that the knowledge transferred from the source tasks can be used to decrease the risks of the target tasks that lack training data or have unbalanced training labels .
0	Only the phrases satisfying all above requirements are recognized as quality phrases .
1	Most of these algorithms or models lack the ability to handle complications or diversions .
0	The number of possible applications of such a technique is also considerable .
1	The first one is polydioptric cameras while the second is catadioptric camera .
0	It is not less important to mention that ATL is considered as a standard solution for model transformation in Eclipse .
1	Part Coding Analysis ( PCA ) is merely considered in GT which is believed to be the proficient method to identify the part families .
0	Such response is obtained regardless of the relative position of the word in the sentence .
1	Similar improvement was obtained on the problems created from the Flyspeck corpus .
0	The agent at a state with type FC may transition to another state with type FC if and only if the number of consecutive FC states is less than the maximum allowed .
1	Existing methods can not be used for the systematic testing of all possible test cases .
0	DAs represent gradual changes in the weighted sets ; the output depends on the amount of time the diffusion was running .
1	We end the paper with a discussion of challenges and future directions .
0	for which the guess V ( b ) is stable .
1	We point out pitfalls arising from the use of improper empirical methods and discuss the benefits of the proposed methodology for evaluating and comparing LVAs .
0	The MST of the original graph G is given by the unification of the Em sets returned in each step .
1	There is a trend in machine learning towards expressing Bayesian models as probabilistic programs .
0	The flexibility of this task is defined as the length of this interval .
1	We study the problem of probabilistic deduction with conditional constraints over basic events .
0	The fully asynchronous protocol may however increase the network traffic and the delay in the parameter communication.We shall be more precise on this fully asynchronous protocol when we discuss the EASGD Tree algorithm in Chapter 6 ( Section 6.1 ) .
1	Estimating the internal state of a robotic system is complex : this is performed from multiple heterogeneous sensor inputs and knowledge sources .
0	Not to mention that people tend to lie about their age on online dating websites .
1	also enables users to solve planning problems that involve complex goals .
0	The term solution can also be interpreted in terms of strategies .
1	The generator ( G ) maps white noise ( z ) to data samples while the discriminator ( D ) maps data samples to a single scalar .
0	how many ion channels are activated by the neurotransmitter and how they affect the current going into the neuron ) .
1	Two datasets from different human subject experiments are taken for evaluation .
0	Hence using the proof of Theorem 3.1 the approximation guarantee follows .
1	The Human visual perception of the world is of a large fixed image that is highly detailed and sharp .
0	6 contains a generally intractable summation over an exponential number of values .
1	This is a challenging problem for centralized algorithms because the search space grows exponentially with the number of agents and is nontrivial for standard DCOP algorithms we have .
0	There are five major phases in this approach and each phase is dynamic with respect to evaluation and validation of KR by actors .
1	These complexity results illustrate a fundamental difference between centralized and decentralized control of Markov processes .
0	In addition to the previous explanation of the construction we note that the instance is designed to be deterministic .
1	In this paper we explore the use of unsupervised methods for detecting cognates in multilingual word lists .
0	Their algorithms thus have lower memory complexity and are more scalable to high dimensional data than the joint diagonalization and tensor methods .
1	Our target domain is a class of medical prediction problems that are neither so urgent as to preclude careful diagnosis nor progress so slowly as to allow arbitrary testing and treatment options .
0	( D 1 ) u u 8 ( A h ) .
1	The first analysis surveyed a group of participants for their perceived sentiment polarity of the most frequent emoticons .
0	Theorem 3 in [ 17 ] proved that the acceptance rate will be 1 by choosing the new label of V0 by Eq .
1	We present a neural network architecture based on bidirectional LSTMs to compute representations of words in the sentential contexts .
0	Table I describes the verb instance types and their mandatory parts .
1	We consider manipulation problems when the manipulator only has partial information about the votes of the nonmanipulators .
0	Under the strong possibilistic semantics of disjunction we consider all the disjuncts of a satisfied rule separately .
1	Most work on building knowledge bases has focused on collecting entities and facts from as large a collection of documents as possible .
0	Figure 2 ( right ) compares the detectability of different adversaries for detectors attached at different points to the classification network .
1	We synthesize a linked document cluster to form a reference summary which can cover most key points .
0	The underlying assumption is that the bulk of the data stems from the same ( unknown ) distribution and we call this part of the data normal .
1	We describe a simple experiment using a navigationtask which illustrates how concurrent options results in a faster planwhen compared to the case when only one option is taken at a time .
0	Note that the added term is linear and will easily satisfy all the required regularity assumptions .
1	This paper deals with the problem of estimating the probability that one event was a cause of another in a given scenario .
0	actions and sorting is basically sampling according to the weights .
1	The maximum number of classes generated by any undirected graph was found to increase approximately factorially .
0	We now turn to our new techniques and results that build on the work of others as summarized in the previous section .
1	We impose constraints on the form of the sentences that guarantee that the knowledge base contains all the probabilistic information necessary to generate a network .
0	( 2013 ) applied the time domain data from nuclear magnetic resonance and chemometrics to classify fresh plums according to sweetness .
1	Finally we exemplify the theoretical results of the paper through a mainstream procurement scenario from the artifact systems literature .
0	The block diagrams of the proposed CS schemes for overcomplete dictionaries and orthonormal bases are presented in Figs .
1	This correspondence has far reaching consequences in logic and in control theory .
0	[ 8 ] presents a good survey of the available transfer learning literature .
1	This is a logical framework for decision making uncertainty that extends both logic programming and stochastic models such as influence diagrams .
0	We remove stop words and punctuation characters from the mentions .
1	Recent work on ranked preferential models ( RPMs ) promises to overcome some of these difficulties .
0	The following definition describes this ( initial ) uncertainty using Kripke model like structures w.r.t .
1	We discuss the ability of our techniques to shorten proofs as well as to reorder the search space in an appropriate manner .
0	Below are some of related models grouped in logical groups .
1	Through empirical and theoretical analyses we observe that features of the problem space directly affect the choice of optimal parallel search strategy .
0	discrepancy could be due to the fact that the data are highly imbalanced in the sense that most annotated SU4 scores in the training data have low values .
1	We dwell on a class of decision problems characterized by the centrality of diagnosing and reacting in a timely manner to pathological processes .
0	Thus the speed ratio even widens compared to ATR corpus .
1	Thus it is necessary to elicit a utility model separately for each new user .
0	The numbers of neurons in the input and the output layers of an MLP are chosen depending on the problem to be solved .
1	This pattern of each named entity category is used as a seed pattern to identify the named entities in the test set .
0	The active classification problem can be seen as an instance of informative path planning [ 14 ] .
1	Inferences about the probability of these events can be made using statistics .
0	7We consider a unit saturated if its activation is below 0.05 or above 0.95 .
1	pass its state value onto ) adjacent cells at each update .
0	The focus in the Xapagy system holds instances and verb instances after their creation for a limited time interval during which they are changeable .
1	This entails the decidability of validity but the implied algorithm is unfeasible .
0	This implies that our attentionbased abstract generation model can produce summaries of better quality than existing summarization systems .
1	We further bound the gap between the expected bid and revenue in terms of the average loss of the predictor .
0	The derived pattern is then used to distinguish protocols form each other .
1	Such algorithms have been long used across many different fields ranging from computational biology to social sciences to computer vision in part because their output is easy to interpret .
0	( We assume that Suzy and Billy will not miss if they throw . )
1	This is done by first extending the postulate for merging classical bases to the case where priorites are avaialbe .
0	Pregel [ 8 ] is a new proposed cloud computing model for large scale graph processing .
1	We present numerical simulations on Area Under the ROC Curve ( AUC ) maximization and metric learning problems which illustrate the practical interest of our approach .
0	2.3 In summary Cloud computing is a type of virtual Internet service that has grown tremendously in popularity both in industry and academic over the past few years .
1	And to which extent do the qualitative calculi proposed meet these demands ?
0	In our approach it is convenient to keep all the points we have checked in the form of two lists of constraints : L1 and L2 .
1	We provide an axiomatization that characterizes preferences induced by MWER both in the static and dynamic case .
0	Our evaluation was done in a server with 16Gb of RAM .
1	Collaborative vocabulary development in the context of data integration is the process of finding consensus between the experts of the different systems and domains .
0	As a consequence Git recognizes lot of changes and asks for conflict resolution .
1	We also present an extension of knowing whether logic with public announcement operators and we give corresponding reduction axioms for that .
0	The random perturbation puts an implicit weight on each of the m !
1	We study the minmax optimization problem introduced in [ 22 ] for computing policies for batch mode reinforcement learning in a deterministic setting .
0	Direct communication is the only means of achieving full observability when the observations are independent and when there is no common uncontrollable features ( Assumption 1 ) .
1	It is well known that conditional independence can be used to factorize a joint probability into a multiplication of conditional probabilities .
0	These identifiers can then be matched against the identifiers that were determined in step 1 .
1	Web service composition is the process of synthesizing a new composite service using a set of available Web services in order to satisfy a client request that can not be treated by any available Web services .
0	One was the average number of interactions needed to find a restaurant accepted by the user .
1	The problem selected for the study is the diagnosis of the Chronic Kidney Disease.The dataset used for the study consists of 400 instances and 24 attributes .
0	Algorithm 2 is based on dynamic programming and works as follows .
1	We also show how to adapt our algorithm to the inductive setting where our given data is only a small random sample of the entire data set .
0	Training is done using stochastic gradient descent with an initial learning rate of 1 and was exponentially decreased .
1	In this paper we advocate that the realization of a powerful version control system is the heart of the problem .
0	The posts in MedSenti were taken directly from the forum .
1	Our experimental results show that the proposed stay extraction can detect valid stay regions with only one track point while the other methods lose those stays .
0	An example FOU size 10 is shown in Figure 1 ( b ) .
1	Our goal is to develop an architecture that automatically selects parallel search strategies for optimal performance on a variety of search problems .
0	The extraction of Behavioural Groups was based on the agreement of all the evaluation measures we used .
1	This integrated learning of testing techniques and programming allows the programmers to perform in a better way and this leads to the improvement of the performance of the industry progress .
0	The search algorithm uses all senses of all collocations ( i.e .
1	Our method uses a linear approximation to the value function and multiple linear regression to estimate the linear model from the samples .
0	Numerical validation is provided here for two aspects of our theoretical work : Theorem 1 and the analytic approximation for the covariance matrix .
1	Being able to reason about that knowledge in a precise and structured manner is central to effective system design .
0	We consider three different methods for local steering which are discussed in detail in Section 3.1 .
1	In this paper we study the basic issues underlying such representation formalisms and single out both their common characteristics and their distinguishing features .
0	Tables 1 and 2 summarize results obtained for different choices of dimensionality reduction algorithms and cluster descriptors for 10 and 30 readings respectively .
1	We conducted a series of experiments on a set of real belief networks for medical diagnosis in liver and bile disease .
0	2Tokens relevant to each theme are in bold and [ X ] indicates the position of an omitted element .
1	We demonstrate the model on a human motion capture data set and a series of high resolution video sequences .
0	This problem can be avoided by finding the specific set of relevant feature detectors for each action .
1	A key new component presented here is a SPARQL endpoint to our existing data warehouse .
0	A clause is a disjunction of literals and a CNF is a conjunction of clauses .
1	a semantic description ) of the meaning of a command in terms of a minimal set of background knowledge .
0	The omplexity of the resulting method for reasoning on ER s hemata is exponential .
1	The approach is illustrated by the results obtained for a medical problem of early detection of patient risk groups .
0	F. Verb instances A verb instance ( VI ) is composed of a random identifier and a number of mandatory relationships to its parts .
1	It is based on the observation that for some simple forms of problem partitioning one can use the Monte Carlo approach to estimate the time required to solve an original problem .
0	The sum over all instances is divided by the number of instances .
1	The system has a critical shortcoming in that it does not sanction inheritance across exceptional subclasses .
0	The essence of causality is the generation and determination of one phenomenon by another .
1	The model also supports inferences about the evolution of plan execution in situations where another agent intervenes in plan execution .
0	Modifier and Type Method and Description DataVector clone ( ) Returns a copy of the data vector .
1	Relaxing these assumptions requires an extension to the action representation that allows reasoning both about the changes an action makes and the information it provides .
0	The LSTM was developed to overcome shortcomings of the recurrent neural network that the gradient of the loss function vanishes or explodes over time [ 11 ] .
1	We found that both machine adaptation and human adaptation have significant impact on the input rate and must be considered together in order to improve the efficiency of the system as a whole .
0	This is demonstrated in the following example : Input : Output : T : turn and move .
1	Computational result with the proposed algorithm on a set of group technology problems available in the literature is also presented .
0	Preliminary experiments suggested that using those posterior weights only gives a slight improvement over ( 9 ) .
1	They prove that the population dynamics induced by sexual reproduction can be precisely modeled by genes that use MWUA as their learning strategy in a particular coordination game .
0	The parse structure of an utterance thus dictates which compositions are attempted .
1	A modification of the algorithm takes advantage of an iterative deepening scheme to trade off inference time and the quality of the computed strategy .
0	The other one is the unfolding time T in recurrent layers .
1	Several authors have explained that the likelihood ratio measures the strength of the evidence represented by observations in statistical problems .
0	The transitions between the outOfSchool state and the InCorridor state ( both directions ) is based on working timetable .
1	The experimental results demonstrate that PMI achieves the performances close to or a little worse than those of the traditional MIL algorithms on benchmark and real data sets .
0	This type of inconsistency is depicted in Figure 6 ( c ) .
1	We implement the eight representations and evaluate them against the subset bounds representation with cardinality and variety reasoning .
0	1996 ] and a linear Robust Risk Minimization classifier [ Zhang et al .
1	One contribution of our work is the extension of ideas from GRAPHPLAN to deal with the distributed nature of action representations typically embodied within Bayes nets and the problem of correlated action effects .
0	The model we described so far relies entirely on the availability of pairs of root form and inflected word form for learning to generate inflections .
1	Such entity summaries can serve as both ( 1 ) important memory cues in a retrospective event consideration and ( 2 ) pointers for personalized event exploration .
0	These queries play a central role in the educational application Inquire [ 17 ] which employs the knowledge encoded in KB Bio 101 .
1	It automatically learns distributed representations for sentences as well as the document cluster .
0	There are at most 8d2 log T many epochs before RESTART .
1	This paper introduces the Semantic Web and its vision ( stack layers ) with regard to some concept definitions that helps the understanding of semantic annotation .
0	Most learning algorithms will tends towards assigning all actions the same weight .
1	Based on these insights we propose Git4Voc which comprises guidelines how Git can be adopted to vocabulary development .
0	49 3.2 Intel CPU v.s NVIDIA GPU comparison ( from [ 7 ] ) .
1	Our results thus throw light on whether we can prevent strategic behavior by limiting information about the votes of other voters .
0	The results of the experiment can be seen in Table 5 .
1	The costs of annotating data manually can render the use of DCNNs infeasible .
0	all four states are thresholded from below by 0 and above by B ) .
1	In this book authors for the first time introduce the notion of strong neutrosophic graphs .
0	Each of these alignments can itself be treated as if it was a single pattern .
1	The class of such algorithms is large and in principle includes any lossless compression algorithm .
0	The purpose of these initial expressions was to establish a range of complexity of the expressions that would be shown further on .
1	The theorem can also be used to compute the effective dimensions of general tree models .
0	Consider only the moves that have a low enough probability of dying .
1	We investigate the relationship between the generalization of program completion defined in 1984 by Lloyd and Topor and the generalization of the stable model semantics introduced recently by Ferraris et al .
0	We also require that all true neighbors will be found .
1	We take another look at the general problem of selecting a preferred probability measure among those that comply with some given constraints .
0	Other works apply a parallel implementation of GA to solve the school TTP [ 15 ] .
1	This paper explores a representation for independence statements using multiple undirected graphs and some simple graphical transformations .
0	We use a character level language model in Mandarin as words are not usually segmented in text .
1	The linear time algorithm to compute the parallel plan bypasses known NP hardness results for partial ordering by scheduling plans with respect to the set of actions and the imposed precedence relations .
0	JULIA chatterbot is an example of a second generation chatterbot developed by Michael Mauldin in 1994 [ 11 ] .
1	The first one is a model of the dependencies between sensors and it is used to validate each sensor .
0	The best decision to make based on that data is chosen .
1	This paper shows how the representation of a decision problem within the independent choice logic can be exploited to cut down the combinatorics of dynamic programming .
0	DeepDSL compiler generates Java source code for each of the IR expressions .
1	This approach introduces the use of possibilistic disjunctive clauses which are able to capture incomplete information and incomplete states of a knowledge base at the same time .
0	The selected Gabor features are then adopted for face recognition .
1	Doing so automatically allows for regular and systematic testing without a prohibitive amount of human labor .
0	We have similar variables and constraints for each fj and each value z in Zj .
1	The natural way to use Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) to represent knowledge in Artificial Intelligence or to solve a combinatorial problem is to elaborate a first order logic program with default negation .
0	Through our simulations we would like to generalize this result to other cases .
1	There have been many proposals to compute similarities between words based on their distributions in contexts .
0	It includes the new problem and the assessment of the actor on the relevance of kr being exploited .
1	Interpretability of a predictive model is a powerful feature that gains the trust of users in the correctness of the predictions .
0	In the following sections we will use this constructive result .
1	We show that influence diagrams in canonical form are an accurate and efficient representation of causal relationships .
0	In this we may conclude that most of research in AI are made up of three or more participants .
1	The proliferation of network information and tools for data analytics can provide an important insight into resource provisioning and optimisation .
0	Because of this all classes are subclasses of Thing [ 2 ] .
1	Recent investigations have also shown that Ant Colony Optimization ( ACO ) can outperform evolutionary computing as a potential search engine for interactive software design .
0	In pddl2.1 we take the view that precise simultaneity is outside the control of any physical executive .
1	The shield monitors the actions from the learner and corrects them only if the chosen action causes a violation of the specification .
0	Together these results give us a detailed understanding of how the number of channels and size of pooling windows control the expressivity of the model .
1	Our system is being deployed in a commercial NTL detection software .
0	These binary variables are based on the projection of the events to the labeled graph .
1	Prominences and boundaries are the essential constituents of prosodic structure in speech .
0	The dataset was obtained from 17 campaigns launched between May 2008 and November 2010 .
1	The proposed methodology to detect topics was applied to segment selected Wikipedia articles .
0	We therefore observe that the validation problem for pddl2.1 is decidable even when actions contain duration inequalities .
1	This property allows us to use SMDPalgorithms for computing the value function over concurrentoptions .
0	Stochastic rounding is an unbiased rounding scheme with desirable property that the expected rounding error is zero .
1	This serves as an alternative to the annealing of the temperature parameter and enables numerical estimation of the likelihood that are more efficient and more accurate than the commonly used annealed importance sampling ( AIS ) .
0	Note that C2 ( T ) corresponds to the network dependence for the distributed dual averaging algorithm of Duchi et al .
1	The results of the evaluation show that our method provides a more realistic view of spatial relationships and gives more flexibility to the data analyst to extract meaningful and accurate results in comparison with the existing methods .
0	to guide the exploration directly toward an optimal state without visiting useless states .
1	Simple local interactions with complex global results are truly achieved .
0	Otherwise we judge that none of the classes are visible in the query image .
1	LPODs are used to represent preferences in logic programming under the answer set semantics .
0	extended the axioms schemata and the inference rules for considering partially ordered sets .
1	We take advantage of tools from the complex network field to analyze them and determine their properties .
0	Note that TRPO without intrinsic motivation failed on all tasks : the median score and upper quartile range for naive exploration were zero everywhere .
1	In this paper we present a new concept called generalized neutrosophic soft set .
0	The words in each cooccurring pair appear in one short time period .
1	Our distinction allows us to avoid this problem in many cases .
0	The probability of one of these having the configuration CXDi with a set of D descriptor nodes is pi .
1	We give a description of this KB and ASP programs for a suite of queries that have been of practical interest .
0	Reliability could be also a property which is used to move observed entities between different value intervals .
1	Text segmentation ( TS ) aims at dividing long text into coherent segments which reflect the subtopic structure of the text .
0	Agents may also benefit from sending functions of their observations if this incurs a smaller cost .
1	The results of this paper show that the proposed technique achieves the above idea in a very efficient way .
0	The trees hosted different apple varieties including Kanzi and Pink Lady .
1	It is not all that intrinsically difficult ; it just seems so when we do it .
0	We will assume the presence of a fixed ordering of variables .
1	These tasks encompass both the planning and recognition aspects of the active classification problem .
0	Henderso P. Hill H. Hufnagel A. Jacholkowska Johannsen S. Kasarian I.R .
1	Recommender systems often use latent features to explain the behaviors of users and capture the properties of items .
0	The first assumption to define a semantic outlier is that it should move between two regions of interest .
1	The dynamics of belief and knowledge is one of the major components of any autonomous system that should be able to incorporate new pieces of information .
0	Each table entry is the minimum value among the ones of the solutions providing a different color for z .
1	Although these methods can provide a sufficient approximation of simple fuzzy sets the approximation of more complex ones that are typical in many practical applications of fuzzy systems may be less satisfactory .
0	We define a utility function u over variable orders as following .
1	We present a method to design cells using the theory of linear shift invariant systems .
0	We use a manual evaluation approach based on human judges to validate whether a BabelNet sense ID assigned to an emoji sense is valid .
1	We then employ machine learning techniques to select the optimal parallel search strategy for a given problem space .
0	Next question is how contribution becomes greater than the total estimation itself as in case of 2.37 ( 5.45 ) .
1	We then propose an approach to compiling the problem of finding robust plans to the conformant probabilistic planning problem .
0	The proposed reasoning algorithm is similar to the TCA algorithm .
1	The ignorance of input distribution makes DNNs difficult to generalize to unseen data .
0	A modified test setup for clouds is illustrated in Figure 14 ( a ) .
1	From a history of such observations we build a coarse state space of observed interface states and actions between them .
0	Verfaillie and Schiex explore the solution reuse in dynamic constraint satisfaction problems [ 17 ] .
1	The same counterexample is used to disprove a result of Fine on comparative conditional probability .
0	We also present the training curves for MENT and UREX in Figure 2 .
1	Conventional database management systems can be easily adopted for implementing such an approximate reasoning system .
0	It will guarantee to reach to the destination if there is not time restriction .
1	Our main contribution is a large margin formulation that makes structured learning from only partially annotated data possible .
0	In World of Warcraft ( WoW ) mobs often shared state and comprised a very simple botnet .
1	In this work we show that feature hashing can be applied to obtain word embeddings in linear time with the size of the data .
0	The running rate for all controllers was fixed at 1Hz .
1	It is clear that the structural equations can have a major impact on the conclusions we draw about causality .
0	The dynamic range of these signals may vary dramatically from case to case .
1	Text mining is an expanding field of research that seeks to utilize the information contained in vast document collections .
0	The dual update ( 4.3 ) in SDIHT is much more efficient than DIHT as the former only needs to access a small subset of samples at a time .
1	We propose a graphical representation of preferences that reflects conditional dependence and independence of preference statements under a ceteris paribus ( all else being equal ) interpretation .
0	Adding the aspects of parallel and asynchronous execution makes it more difficult .
1	In this paper we identify a class of soft binary constraints for which the problem of finding the optimal solution is tractable .
0	The negation of a propositional atom x is denoted x .
1	This lays down the requirement of some soft computing approaches such that a near shortest path is available in an affordable computing time .
0	We also look at incorporating an auxiliary task which predicts the output of the synthetic gradient model T steps in the future as explained in Sect .
1	We are interested in bounds on the complexity of PI that do not depend on the value of the discount factor .
0	One of the most interesting outcomes of our experiments is that the performance 37 of all algorithms differs only by a few percentage points .
1	In addition there are other problems that vary from one institution to another .
0	The first 12 clauses encode the domains and the remaining ones the support clauses for the constraints .
1	We describe mathematical assumptions in a deterministic model under which the causal direction is identifiable with this approach .
0	We associate the initial state distribution in the hidden model with a single target event .
1	Machine translation is evolving quite rapidly in terms of quality .
0	( 2013 ) successfully applied bounded rationality in evolution game analysis of water saving and pollution prevention .
1	Cybercriminals make misuse of online communication for sending blackmail or a spam email and then attempt to hide their true identities to void detection.Authorship Identification of online messages is the contemporary research issue for identity tracing in cyber forensics .
0	This category assumes that our team members are operating in environments with adversaries that are trying to actively thwart team plans .
1	We follow this discussion by surveying how events and associated information are handled in computationally .
0	System architecture was designed to cover users to access the expert system consulting services in web forms over the internet and the users who access through mobile devices such as smartphones using the mobile internet ( mobile web ) and mobile phone may access using WAP applications .
1	Applying the framework typically requires elicitation of some form of probability and utility information .
0	In the case of RoboCup there are only players and coaches .
1	We also present a few experiments comparing the performance of the algorithm with that of other algorithms for various tunings .
0	These application modules as middleware of UGDSS can provide the necessary supports to various specific application domains .
1	We will explore how a group of agents is able to choose the appropriate problem and to specialize for a variety of tasks .
0	These previous works on generative uses of autoencoders and GSNs attempt to learn a chain whose equilibrium distribution will fit the training data .
1	In many applications of computer algebra large expressions must be simplified to make repeated numerical evaluations tractable .
0	Each query object ( test speech signal ) is compared with each of training object ( training speech signal ) .
1	In this paper we have developed an ANN ( Artificial Neural Network ) based Automated Coin Recognition System for the recognition of Indian Coins of denomination Rs .
0	The cluster sampling method SWC also plays an important role in getting the optimal solution .
1	Deep neural networks have been successfully applied in applications with a large amount of labeled data .
0	We matched the number of cells and the dimension of the embedding vector .
1	The purpose of this paper is to serve as a reference guide for the development of chatterbots implemented with the AIML language .
0	A value gradient will therefore form parallel to the infeasible mentor path and the imitator can follow along side the infeasible path towards the doorway where it makes the necessary feasibility test and then proceeds to the goal .
1	We conclude the optimal ISGD batch size is machine dependent .
0	The fact that it generates irreducible flipping sequences ensures its soundness ( since by generating only valid flipping sequences it can only provide correct positive answers to dominance queries ) .
1	Correction of Noisy Natural Language Text is an important and well studied problem in Natural Language Processing .
0	It simultaneously monitors files of scripted events when such monitoring is requested .
1	IB assignments assign fewer variables in abductive explanations than do schemes assigning values to all evidentially supported variables .
0	Its principal is to transfer the first process in an operator if this last one is an atomic process Otherwise it translates recursively the participant processes in the control structures of this composite process and then creates the corresponding method .
1	We also propose an algorithm for learning chordal approximations of dependency models isomorphic to general undirected graphs .
0	Performance of the combined classifier when PLP models trained under matched conditions are used .
1	Flexible computation helps an agent to flexibly allocate limited computation resources so that the overall system utility is maximized .
0	The quality of a timetable is determined according to four hard and four soft constraints ( see [ DGMS07 ] ) .
1	Special models of these constraints are then identified as possibilistic answer sets .
0	In the plot between wind energy and days winters show higher wind intensity .
1	We apply this approach to a comparison of metrics and search procedures .
0	The complexity of P l is comparable with the classical pooling operator as the task ofP l is equivalent to finding Jl highest statistics .
1	Audio event detection in the era of Big Data has the constraint of lacking annotations to train robust models that match the scale of class diversity .
0	Closely related to the Parzen window are histograms ( cf .
1	We exemplify our approach by applying it to Stochastic Local Search ( SLS ) algorithms for the satisfiability problem ( SAT ) in propositional logic .
0	the frequential knowledge about the localization of the fault has been converted to a measure of ( im ) possibility ) .
1	We collected and mined through the IEEE publish data base to analysis the geological and chronological variance of the activeness of research in AI .
0	The weight of ci is denoted by wi and represents the match score between t and ci as returned by the search engine .
1	The paper presents a structured way of exploiting the nested junction trees technique to achieve such reductions .
0	An early stopping patience of two was used such that if the cost stops decreasing for two epochs on the validation set then training is stopped .
1	Experiments show competitive results compared to the samples generated with a basic Generative Adversarial Net .
0	Completehistories can be represented by a ( possibly in nite ) sequence of tuples of the formhhS0 ; O0 ; A0i ; hS1 ; O1 ; A1i ; : : : hST ; OT ; AT iiWe can de ne two alternative notions of history that contain less complete information.For some arbitrary stage t we de ne the observable history as the sequencehhO0 ; A0i ; : : : ; hOt 1 ; At 1iiwhere O0 is the observation of the initial state .
1	In many cases one can recover part of the missing knowledge through reasoning .
0	Our EAs monitor the triggering of contingencies but do not suggest their generation .
1	A recent paper by Microsoft suggests that we have already achieved human performance .
0	However a O ( n 2 d 2 ) data structure is required for the constraint representation .
1	Experimental results show that the presented method is very efficient and powerful to recognize the object and detect it with high accuracy .
0	The bridge burning semantics produces terminal sets that are necessarily subsets of terminal sets which would otherwise be produced without bridge burning .
1	Two variables are independent when the joint convex set of probabilities can be decomposed on the product of marginal convex sets .
0	An important problem that this approach creates for most current planners is that the initial grounding of actions involves creating all possible ways in which the names could be assigned to objects and then used in various roles within the plan .
1	We show that inference in CLGs can be significantly harder than inference in Bayes Nets .
0	Nevertheless the worst RNN with LeakyLP cells in the lowest MD layer performs worth than the best RNN with LSTM cells .
1	The method is based on Gaussian Process Regression and independent of the manifold learning algorithm .
0	The statement of the theorem mimics the definition of truth for reactive rules and goal clauses .
1	In this paper we study the ability of convolutional networks to model correlations among regions of their input .
0	We divide price prediction into two phases : initial and interim .
1	This paper explores algorithms for processing probabilistic and deterministic information when the former is represented as a belief network and the latter as a set of boolean clauses .
0	The matching is valid if the variables having the same names in the clause have the same values in the ontology .
1	The factor analysis parameter and the predictor parameter are learned jointly by solving one single objective function .
0	the exact Pareto front of the problem at hand ( or its best available approximation when it is not available ) .
1	2012 ] performs uniformly better than many topic models in a discriminative setting .
0	Di dalam Weka ini terdapat banyak classifier yang bisa digunakan untuk pengolahan data .
1	Assignments to backdoor atoms reduce the given program to several programs that belong to a tractable target class .
0	The second model is fixed as we found that updating the parameters of both agents led to divergence from human language .
1	We develop a linear time algorithm for computing an optimal repair strategy for the hierarchical system which includes both repair and inspection .
0	The backpropagation formulas for batchnorm are easy to derive by chain rule and are given in [ 6 ] .
1	Markov Networks are widely used through out computer vision and machine learning .
0	All the actors considered in our model and theirs tasks are given in TABLE I .
1	We demonstrate the use of this latest version of the language in the representation of important kinds of knowledge .
0	We consider the matrix P defined in ( 3.1 ) .
1	The first is to base the determination of the users utility function solely ON elicitation OF qualitative preferences.The second makes assumptions about the form AND decomposability OF the utility function.Here we take a different approach : we attempt TO identify the new USERs utility function based on classification relative to a database of previously collected utility functions .
0	We can find such predicates using the following query in the Cyc KB : ( and ( and ( assertedPredicateArg France 1 ? X ) ( assertedPredicateArg CityOfParisFrance 2 ? X ) ) ( ? X France CityOfParisFrance ) ) There are a few complications with this .
1	Consider the situation where some evidence e has been entered to a Bayesian network .
0	The previously phrases contains words only from the chosen vocabulary .
1	The exploration reported in this paper and our subsequent work on generalizing the current model to the TPR formalism suggest the feasibility of developing further reasoning models in tensor space with learning capabilities .
0	One of them says that the behavior of a recurring user must be checked .
1	Several spoofing schemes have been developed to qualitatively and quantitatively demonstrate detection capabilities .
0	The parameterization of pl ( w ) can take many forms .
1	Experimental results show that the resulting algorithm solves significantly larger problems than the current state of the art .
0	The following solving schemes ( frameworks ) can be considered : Scheme 1 .
1	SPOOK implements a more expressive language that allows it to represent the battlespace domain naturally and compactly .
0	Vila ( 1994 ) provides an excellent survey of work in temporal reasoning in AI .
1	It is based on the requirements of consistency and closeness .
0	A second complicating issue is that the level of abstraction of a ROS action may not be at the appropriate level required by the ASP program .
1	is a challenging task because the output typically obeys various global constraints .
0	Table 1 gives the parameters of the uniform distribution of the input PDFs .
1	Students in online courses generate large amounts of data that can be used to personalize the learning process and improve quality of education .
0	There are indeed real life examples of problems on which such a phenomenon arises .
1	It shows counterintuitive results from applying this metric to simple networks .
0	The segmentation was afterwards refined using confidence measures in the ASR output as described in section 4 .
1	We propose a representation learning pipeline to use the relationship as supervision for improving the learned representation in object detection .
0	Using commands git log and git diff a user can explore the history of the commits and the differences between them .
1	There are many applications in which it is desirable to order rather than classify instances .
0	( 3 ) simply swap all the events in timeslot with all the events in other timeslot without changing the rooms .
1	The results show that the CNN and FNN are naturally robust to the mismatch problem .
0	A single dimension can only approximate the order of events in time because it can not represent events which overlap in time or which occur simultaneously .
1	Automated planning can be viewed as a case of this concept : a planning instance is a compact implicit representation of a graph and the problem is to find a path ( a plan ) in this graph .
0	Definition : A function of one argument ( the time ) that a scalr returns is called a signal .
1	There is always more than one ontology for the same domain .
0	This refinement is not computationally expensive as there is no need to compute the path from scratch and the obtained solutions of the original path is utilized as the initial solutions for the employed methods .
1	This fact has lead us to consider the problem of communicating modules ( task implementations ) in a large and structured knowledge based system when modules have different uncertainty calculi .
0	CELLULAR AUTOMATON BASED APPROACH they are very reactive to their environment and are very efficient to run .
1	The approach also allows for the appropriate dimensionality of the latent space to be automatically determined .
0	The inherent difficulty with functions in general ( and arithmetic in particular ) in the framework of ASP is that it makes the Herbrand universe infinite in whole generality .
1	A modelling language is described which is suitable for the correlation of information when the underlying functional model of the system is incomplete or uncertain and the temporal dependencies are imprecise .
0	A more sophisticated algorithm could be used to find a better bound and improve pruning .
1	A major benefit of graphical models is that most knowledge is captured in the model structure .
0	This collection includes all the details and shows a set of relationships between each two regions [ 22 ] .
1	The data and queries distinguish our VTT from recently proposed visual question answering in images and video captioning .
0	We would like to thank all the competitors in the 3rd International Planning Competition for contributing their time and enthusiasm to the event we report and for providing the data that has made this paper possible .
1	This paper discusses a system that accelerates reinforcement learning by using transfer from related tasks .
0	The set cl ( A ) is called the closure of A .
1	The performance of the proposed method is validated on the Berkeley Segmentation Dataset and the MNIST Database of handwritten digits .
0	This complexity is not justified ( but assumed ) in the proof of the theorem .
1	Recent research in decision theoretic planning has focussed on making the solution of Markov decision processes ( MDPs ) more feasible .
0	The dashed arrow with an open arrowhead outline the flow of messages between two tasks .
1	We provide evidence that this is due to some conditional distributions being poorly modeled .
0	These are existentially quantified with scope the consequent of the rule .
1	We investigate the problem of learning the structure of a Markov network from data .
0	This method allows to face the problem of criterion incompatibility but it lacks of clarity [ 4 ] .
1	These functionalities may be considered as important components of a large scale online deliberation system .
0	3 implements the antecedent part of the following fuzzy rule : IF x is A2 AND y is B2 THEN z is C2 .
1	Further we identify interesting aspects of the botnet that distinguish it from regular users .
0	The question remains : is there still hope of finding near optimal parallel plans ?
1	We propose three approaches to tackle the first issue : monitoring Twitter in order to find relevant tweets about a given entity .
0	Further more we assume that the addition of integers is linear in complexity ( i.e .
1	Each row of the histogram enables a new representation for the series and symbolize the existence of local patterns and their frequencies .
0	Reference strengths for the concept are determined by the average distance of objects within the group .
1	The results of topological relations computation are stored in the ontology allowing after what to infer on these topological relationships .
0	Let v ( q ) be defined by ( 7 ) .
1	This function captures in a single quantity both the certainty and specificity measures of any time algorithms .
0	Of more interest are the move ordering figures for the higher ply numbers .
1	Our results are finally discussed in relation to other relevant contexts .
0	We have found an unidirectional architecture that performs as well as our bidirectional models .
1	This paper demonstrates that an equally integrated theory can be built on the foundation of possibility theory .
0	The rates defined in the transitions are the same as those from the mathematical model ( Table 4 ) .
1	The current standard approach to modeling neurons is to start with simple models and to incrementally add interpretable features .
0	Action VI are memorized more 13 than attribute assignment VIs8 .
1	The features are very reliable and give us strong keypoints that can be used for matching between different images of an object .
0	This format and the resulting data repository allow a fair and convenient scientific evaluation of and comparison between algorithm selectors .
1	The main attractions of this approach are : a format for representing diseases that is simple and intuitive ; an ability to cope with errors and uncertainties in diagnostic information ; the simplicity of storing statistical information as frequencies of occurrence of diseases ; a method for evaluating alternative diagnostic hypotheses that yields true probabilities ; and a framework that should facilitate unsupervised learning of medical knowledge and the integration of medical diagnosis with other AI applications .
0	The reason behind this result is simply that the fitted model does not generalize over all the behaviors of the aircraft .
1	Applying ant colony optimization ( ACO ) to solve this problem is rarely reported .
0	Below we discuss the condition for two coverings to induce a same covering of neighborhoods .
1	We also demonstrate inconsistencies in a TimeML corpus ( TimeBank ) that have been detected with CAVaT .
0	The soundness of the algorithm ensures that both outcomes can indeed be consistently preferred in this case .
1	The algorithm takes advantage of both the structure and the quantification of the network and presents a polynomial asymptotic complexity .
0	We prove that abstractions are bisimilar to the corresponding concrete model .
1	The resulting system is able to rapidly compute a large number of specialized latent variable models while requiring minimal server resources .
0	This setting also has some relation to importance sampling ( IS ) [ 2 ] .
1	We also compare our learned experimentation policies to randomized baselines and show that the learned policies lead to better predictions .
0	( [ 8 ] ) but were not considered in Shrot et al .
1	STOC 2016 ] demonstrates how differential privacy [ Dwork et al .
0	( 2016b ) rely on ensemble techniques while our results are obtained using single models .
1	We can perform inference in Bayesian belief networks by enumerating instantiations with high probability thus approximating the marginals .
0	We use the following operators to construct a vector for a given pair of words : PairDiff : Pair Difference operator has been used by Mikolov et al .
1	This article tackles a number of technical issues related to the AI definition .
0	The goal of the semantic web is the Web of data .
1	These parameters must be well adjusted in order to reach good results .
0	( b ) Ratios of the who and what components .
1	The calculation of these rules is based on the definition of a Selective Nef Complexes Nef Polyhedra structure generated from standard Polyhedron .
0	But this quantity can be used to compute the ratio of the neighboring score to the current score which allows such comparisons .
1	Deep learning poses several difficulties when used in an active learning setting .
0	Note that this method is more demanding in terms of precision because it adds the extra difficulty of distinguishing between IDENTITY and SIMULTANEOUS relations .
1	However this algorithm presents an oscillatory behaviour when it is applied to QMR ( Quick Medical Reference ) network [ 15 ] .
0	Notice the linear rate of growth across orders of magnitude ( base 2 ) from 1K to 1M sized structures .
1	These results are important for knowledge engineers as they help them identify influential network parameters .
0	Programs to implement these two tasks are given as B0 and B1 respectively in [ 5 ] .
1	This idea works fine when the goal is to evaluate the strength of the available evidence for a simple hypothesis versus another simple hypothesis .
0	The typical audio visual speech recognition system accepts the audio and visual input as shown in figure 3.1 .
1	An experiment on a relatively complex control task shows that the proposed exploration strategy performs better than a typical exploration strategy .
0	A disadvantage of using the Kolomorov complexity to evaluate intelligence is that it can typically not be computed in finite time ( due to the Halting problem ) .
1	These two methods can be applied successively to continuously improve solution quality if more computation is available .
0	The results obtained are shown in the first two columns of table 2 .
1	We present a number of complexity results relating to the compilation of such polynomials and to the computation of their partial derivatives .
0	5 M is the number of batches in a window .
1	The new mechanism uses mixture distributions to decompose the problem into a set of independent problems with unimodal constraint uncertainty .
0	To our knowledge these ideas have not been formally applied to robotics applications .
1	This article introduces and analyzes the most important algorithmic novelties that were necessary to tackle the new layers of expressiveness in the benchmark problems and to achieve a high level of performance .
0	The Royal Road functions are firstly introduced by Mitchell et al .
1	This models situations where agents arrive and depart during the process of dividing a resource .
0	3 ) and directed edges connecting percepts ( s ) to actions ( a ) .
1	We design a novel combination of recurrent and convolutional models ( gated convolutions ) to effectively map questions to their semantic representations .
0	These tools aim to allow aggregate analysis of tweet content in the context of geographic and temporal location .
1	This penalty term corresponds to the Frobenius norm of the Jacobian matrix of the encoder activations with respect to the input .
0	We evaluate our system on the VSLP NER shared task 2016 corpus .
1	Visual features can help predict if a manipulation behavior will succeed at a given location .
0	One can verify that these constraints are indeed detected during the derivations process .
1	The particular problem domain we explore is the control of network routing by placing agents on all the routers in the network .
0	Observe that all safe nodes annot be su h. Let us now onsider the pruning of T in whi h the leaves are situated in pla e of the safe nodes ; the leaves re eive the same examples as the original safe nodes .
1	The lack of parallel data for many language pairs is an important challenge to statistical machine translation ( SMT ) .
0	We recover the results of Section 3.1 in the limit of exact sparsity .
1	These two types of conditioning induce two kinds of possibilistic graphs .
0	li i i i l i i l i l l .
1	The incremental process constructs policies which includes more of the information available to the decision maker at each step .
0	Missing bars denote that the method never achieved specified level of test error .
1	This paper focuses on efficient model management ( definition and transformation ) .
0	Fluency : Given by the perplexity of a set of sentences according to a language model 2 .
1	Previous work on restart strategies have employed fixed cut off values .
0	1 ) Bagging : is a simple ensemble method introduced in [ 5 ] .
1	The third analysis compared the sentiment polarity of microblog posts before and after emoticons were removed from the text .
0	The center variable of the master is stored and updated on the centralized parameter server [ 16 ] .
1	In this paper we would like to propose and explore an alternative grounded more securely on the dictionary classification and correlatedness of words and phrases .
0	M c1 i M c2 i represents the ratio of word numbers from two different components .
1	We need to take into account the importance of the context which is continuously evolving during the reasoning process .
0	The training samples could then be transferred to T and used to learn a classifier there .
1	Bayesian networks leverage conditional independence to compactly encode joint probability distributions .
0	Based upon the dynamical equilibrium theory Dan Simons [ 22 ] proposed BBO algorithm .
1	The problem of similarity search is one of the main problems in computer science .
0	Lower Euclidean distance between X and Y means that the similarity between them is higher .
1	We illustrate the approach with a problem of project selection .
0	The plots show nodes ( aggregation of points ) in an RRG for a single time interval for both the real RRG ( left ) and the synthesized RRG ( right ) .
1	The logical system is studied from a computational standpoint and is shown to have liner computational complexity .
0	This proof follows from the theorem 4 of [ 19 ] .
1	This allows us to compute the similarity of any two articles regardless of language .
0	This could be easily distributed between CPUs or GPUs to obtain a faster planner .
1	Default logic encounters some conceptual difficulties in representing common sense reasoning tasks .
0	The intuition is that students teleport to fulfill requirements early in their course sequence before moving on .
1	No framework exists that allows the kind of methodical manipulation found in other disciplines : Results on the few tasks in current use ( c.f .
0	Updates ( 9 ) to ( 12 ) are performed in constant time .
1	We also discuss an implementation and a relative computational efficiency issues related to the value of evidence and the value of perfect information .
0	A set function is submodular if it satisfies the notion of diminishing returns ( see Singh et al .
1	Modeling data as being sampled from a union of independent subspaces has been widely applied to a number of real world applications .
0	The logic program M described below encodes commonsense knowledge about moving objects from one location to another .
1	This methodology allows for an efficient prediction of different attributes of Go players from sets of their games .
0	Each of the latter involves variables that number in the order of 104 and clauses numbering in the order of 105 .
1	This article studies the problem of modifying the action ordering of a plan in order to optimise the plan according to various criteria .
0	A SEQ2SEQ architecture using a single layer adapted by Pichotta and Mooney ( 2016 ) is treated as the BASELINE model .
1	It adopts keywords list by Knott and Dale ( 1993 ) .
0	The training did not converge when using functions like tanh or sigmoid due to vanishing gradients .
1	This solution possesses several very attractive properties : ( i ) an innate geometric appeal through the Riemannian geometry of positive definite matrices ; ( ii ) ease of interpretability ; and ( iii ) computational speed several orders of magnitude faster than the widely used LMNN and ITML methods .
0	Each element of the set of terms can be represented by an edge labeled tree .
1	The determined probability distribution is then used in a maximum a posteriori ( MAP ) approach for the reconstruction .
0	Here is a description of each MA instruction : pl jump pl label : continue execution at the predicate whose symbol is pl label .
1	Deep Convolutional Neuronal Networks ( DCNNs ) are showing remarkable performance on many computer vision tasks .
0	Suppose an observer has previously constructed an estimated value function using augmented backups .
1	We propose a novel dialogue model based on the partially observable Markov decision process ( POMDP ) .
0	POMDP value iteration depends on the fact that the value function is convex over the belief space .
1	Based upon this distance ( cost ) between two adjacent nodes we evaluate minimal shortest path that updates routing tables .
0	The meaning of a logic program is a set of ground deducible from the program .
1	Unfortunately Gibbs sampling can take an excessive time to generate a representative sample .
0	2011 ) while noting that the first formula is a unit clause .
1	Only positive bags contain our focus ( positive instances ) while negative bags consist of noise or background ( negative instances ) .
0	Modern LSTM architectures may also contain peephole connections [ 25 ] .
1	A central proposal is an extended form of inference which we call argumentation ; reasoning for and against decision options from generalised domain theories .
0	This follows directly from Definition 11 and Lemmas 9 and 10 .
1	We show that this relationship is the result of a misspecified model that does not consider the temporal aspect of the data by presenting a similar but nonsensical relationship between the global annual mean sea level and lexical diversity .
0	This technique is also useful when the amount of data available is too small to be distributed to multiple devices .
1	We formulate the problem as a robust linear program which directly incorporates this type of uncertainty .
0	The solution can be find by solving the optimization problem using gradient descent to minimize the above loss .
1	The former are plagued by a large bias whereas the latter have a large variance .
0	A process with higher intensity at time t is more likely to bring about an event than a process with less intensity .
1	Empirical results show that modeling sentence representation with standard LSTM does not perform well .
0	The second possibility means that the cycle may have two representations which are acyclic but also infinite graphs ( one with the root A and the other one with the root B ) .
1	Current planners using probabilities need not deal with this problem because they do not generate their probabilities from observations .
0	possibilities for extending the problem formulations above to include multiple stakeholders .
1	We propose a new distributed stochastic optimization method called Elastic Averaging SGD ( EASGD ) .
0	The concatenated embeddings are subsequently encoded with another BiLSTM into annotation vectors hdi .
1	Our experimental results show that RNNs might benefit from larger recurrent depth and feedforward depth .
0	The verification of our assumption will be shown in Section 3.5 .
1	Integration of multiple microphone data is one of the key ways to achieve robust speech recognition in noisy environments or when the speaker is located at some distance from the input device .
0	Assumptions play an important role in performance of the model ( given by subsection 5.1.1 ) .
1	The answers are quite different from those in the simpler classical framework .
0	In defining such a structure we have used Delaunay triangulation and linear interpolation which is going to be described in next parts .
1	IB assignments can be used for efficiently approximating posterior node probabilities even in cases which do not obey the rather strict skewness assumptions used in previous research .
0	The scripts are based on the framework of the Kaldi toolkit [ 15 ] .
1	We introduce a temporal model for reasoning on disjunctive metric constraints on intervals and time points in temporal contexts .
0	Each is thus a candidate to be returned together with Q as the outcome of a revision .
1	IBMMS is the first system developed by combining the power of data mining with the capabilities of expert systems in this area .
0	All the information regarding data point correlations is captured in the KL term and the connection with the observations comes through the variational distribution .
1	We believe that this system will aid complex medical text processing tasks such as summarisation and question answering .
0	Then they generate a frequency map which contains peaks that give information about the region of significant places .
1	A definition of intelligence is given in terms of performance that can be quantitatively measured .
0	The results from the methodology provide guidance on next steps to improve the captioning system .
1	A fuzzy logical approach is employed to recognize the team strategy and further more to tell the player the best position to move .
0	Other conflict cases discussed in Scharf ( 2010 ) are not discussed here as those fall into one of the scenarios already discussed .
1	Each student provides a partial ranking of the courses taken throughout his or her undergraduate career .
0	We compare to the deterministic Pegasos that computes the gradient using all examples at each iteration .
1	The earlier translation software can not translate English negative sentences into accurate Korean equivalents .
0	Onedi culty is that such a search requires that any branch of the search tree lead to a particulargoal state .
1	Individuals have an intuitive perception of what makes a good coincidence .
0	We provide a brief overview of the alignment model and objective here .
1	The tagged permutations are then passed through a feature extractor and are given as examples to a classifier creation algorithm .
0	Infer.NET supports only a limited set of operations on specific combinations of probabilistic and deterministic arguments .
1	It is one of the issues for the combination of the Semantic Web Ontologies and Text Mining .
0	It represents that an action a will sense the value of a fluent f .
1	Recent progress in the field of Reinforcement Learning ( RL ) has enabled to tackle bigger and more challenging tasks .
0	These algorithms are therefore able to solve the defined problems for the number of agents up to approximately 5 in the studied scenarios .
1	One of the simplest metalearning methods is the average ranking method .
0	Network communication will affect negatively on training time of the algorithm .
1	Finding such a loop cutset is the first step in the method of conditioning for inference .
0	Each trial starts from a random initial belief state and is allowed to run up to 100 steps .
1	Argumentation is a promising model for reasoning with uncertain knowledge .
0	The following standard result bounds the error of the centralized ERM .
1	BliStr is a system that automatically develops strategies for E prover on a large set of problems .
0	The remainder of this section expands upon each of these processes and how they fit together .
1	These results rely on new and stronger sampling bounds for regularized approximate linear programs .
0	The horizontal axis on each graph divides the test set expression pairs into bins by the number of logical operators in the more complex of the two expressions in the pair .
1	Possibilistic conditional independence is investigated : we propose a definition of this notion similar to the one used in probability theory .
0	A robotic nurse named Nancy was developed as a research platform to explore the effects of robotic gestures and social touching on humans [ 82 ] .
1	We also show that we can reconstruct standard covariances within our framework .
0	[ 8 ] in the context of an RNN model .
1	An algorithm should not only be capable of reporting the probabilities of the alternatives of remaining nodes when other nodes are instantiated ; it should also be capable of reporting the uncertainty in these probabilities relative to the uncertainty in the probabilities which are stored in the network .
0	This structure is a balanced binary tree : ( 1 ) regular nodes ( and singletons ) either have two regular nodes ( e.g .
1	Existing approaches neglect such hierarchical topic structure involved in the news corpus in timeline generation .
0	[ 6 ] has proposed a DOLA to handle the decentralized data .
1	This is the first result that formally relates the revenue gained to the quality of a standard machine learned model .
0	In this paper we focus on cluster constraints first introduced by Jaakkola et al .
1	We demonstrate the effectiveness of our model on three datasets totaling 16 hours of driving .
0	The panel on the bottom left shows that the confidence depends on the orbit class and on the predicted value for the inferred orbit type .
1	Some definitions and operations have been introduced on generalized neutrosophic soft set .
0	3 are part of the same cluster at the given resolution and states in white form singleton clusters .
1	We connect a broad class of generative models through their shared reliance on sequential decision making .
0	A natural question we ask is whether multimodal vector spaces exhibit the same phenomenon .
1	A direct evaluation of the sum scales quadratically with the number of points .
0	It is the crucial fairness measure that is used in the famous AIMD algorithm by [ CJ89 ] used in TCP Congestion Avoidance .
1	It is well known that one can ignore parts of a belief network when computing answers to certain probabilistic queries .
0	The shortcomings still in the paper can only be attributed to the nominal authors .
1	Our algorithms are based on recent advances in sampling algorithms for ( 1 ) estimating the mean of bounded random variables and ( 2 ) adaptive importance sampling in Bayesian networks .
0	Equation ( 4 ) considers only positive evidence for an equality .
1	This approach breaks the problem into two offline and online stages .
0	The approximation error can be made much smaller than the inherent noise in the data generation process .
1	K2 was then used to induce the generating BNs from the simulated data .
0	One downside of this measure is that it does not take into account where in the ranked list an error occurs .
1	We present a new approach to dealing with default information based on the theory of belief functions .
0	This shows that our algorithm performs much better than the other algorithms in the presence of corruptions in the similarities .
1	Independent Component Analysis ( ICA ) is a popular model for blind signal separation .
0	This part of target is supposed to have the following form .
1	Genetic algorithm ( GA ) has been presented as an elegant method in solving timetable problem ( TTP ) in order to produce solutions with no conflict .
0	The first key property of h ( A ) is that it is both strictly convex and strictly geodesically convex .
1	We show that Horn knowledge base dynamics has interesting connection with kernel change and abduction .
0	Figure 1 shows an example for the selection of the query points .
1	This order of marginalization can be changed by table expansion and in effect the same junction tree with expanded tables may be used for calculating the expected utility for scenarios with different instantiation order .
0	Note that this feature was not used by Malakasiotis et al .
1	The sample complexity is quadratic or cubic depending upon the details of the model .
0	Two particularly interesting observations concern the way in which the desiderata of symmetry and positive definiteness of the MAP estimator are achieved in these algorithms .
1	Translating conditional planning to formulae in the propositional logic is not feasible because of inherent computational limitations .
0	The complexity of the objective function of GTagCDCF in Eq .
1	The results display the potential of algorithm selection to achieve significant performance improvements across a broad range of problems and algorithms .
0	Can we construct a deterministic feature map that has a better error bound ?
1	Our system summaries are also rated as more informative and grammatical in human evaluation .
0	We mentioned in previous sections that any parallel word sampling breaks the mathematical rule required by the collapsed Gibbs sampler .
1	We investigate the problem of how the process of generating the average ranking is affected by incomplete metadata including fewer test results .
0	An interpretation I is a stable model of an infinitary formula F if I is a minimal model of F I .
1	Most current planners assume complete domain models and focus on generating correct plans .
0	A latent class ( LC ) model is an HLC model where there is only one latent variable .
1	We describe the empirical results obtained with simulations of the Alarm and Insurance networks .
0	The algorithm of translation which we use is a recursive algorithm .
1	ROSS provides a complex model for the declarative representation of physical structure and for the representation of processes and causality .
0	An assignment A of a constraint network A form of Constraint Satisfaction Problem ( CSP ) consists in checking whether a constraint network P admits at least one solution .
1	In recent years there has been a spate of papers describing systems for probabilisitic reasoning which do not use numerical probabilities .
0	We often omit t when it is clear from the context .
1	Results are further improved by including information from the entire phoneme and transitions .
0	The algorithm then searches for a new stable model ( line 2 ) to improve the overestimate ( line 6 ) .
1	We present a nonmyopic approximation for value of information that bypasses the traditional myopic analyses by exploiting the statistical properties of large samples .
0	Interacciones entre agentes ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . 33 4.3 .
1	Therefore we propose an alternative proof method for possibilistic logic .
0	The words from development and test set are included as unlabeled nodes for the propagation stage.9 Table 2 shows statistics about the constructed graph for different languages.10 We perform feature selection and hyperparameter tuning by optimizing prediction on words in the development lexicon and then report results on the test lexicon .
1	Previous work has assumed that either the target is mentioned in the text or that training data for every target is given .
0	We say that a set of possibilistic atoms S is inconsistent ( resp .
1	But allowing a knowledge base to contain only objective information is sometimes limiting .
0	The system takes a set of data as system input and the individual components work together to produce a final system output .
1	We use a Bayesian network fragment to describe the probabilistic relations between the attributes of an object .
0	all appli ations of any rule of R on H are useless .
1	We present a simple example that illustrates the Bayesian network for continuous variables ; this example shows the effect of the network structure and approximation errors on the computation of densities for variables in the network .
0	This makes the image vector the last thing that the RNN will see before predicting each next word .
1	This paper introduces a machine learning based system for controlling a robotic manipulator with visual perception only .
0	A globally consistent TCN is one in which all its subTCNs are globally consistent .
1	We show how representations for words can be combined in order to understand how context is transferred across word boundaries .
0	Our most common configuration uses a minibatch of 512 on 8 GPUs .
1	It provides a standardized framework that enables sentences from written instructions to be translated into sets of category typed entities on a table or database .
0	The third row shows the results when Gaussian noise is added to the attributes .
1	The visual features were normalized and dimension of features set was reduced by Principal Component Analysis ( PCA ) in order to recognize the isolated word utterance on PCA space.The performance of recognition of isolated words based on visual only and audio only features results in 63.88 and 100 respectively .
0	The following are the predicates used in our model of attacks .
1	Evaluating their inconsistency has been a widely studied and discussed topic and several indices have been proposed in the literature to perform this task .
0	The worker is then linked with Coq and compiled by js_of_ocaml [ 29 ] to a monolithic JavaScript file .
1	Unsupervised anomaly detection often translates to identifying low density regions .
0	The basic idea is to create an hybrid system to generate a trajectory in the vertical plane using BADA .
1	Lifted inference algorithms exploit symmetries in probabilistic models to speed up inference .
0	The label propagation algorithm of an ATMS is known to have an exponential time complexity .
1	We develop a general model for this setting and introduce the concept of a compensation rule .
0	We also evaluated the models on how well they perform when used to search images : for each validation sentence the model was used to predict the visual vector .
1	Detecting all types of simile constructions in a particular text therefore seems crucial when analysing the style of an author .
0	5 This set of labels was taken from ( Fox and Modgil 2006 ) .
1	TMSs incorporating measure of uncertainty are called Belief Maintenance Systems ( BMSs ) .
0	There are apparently irreconcilable differences between the architectural approach of Polyscheme and Xapagy .
1	Rules in logic programming encode information about mutual interdependencies between literals that is not captured by any of the commonly used semantics .
0	Andersson and Sandholm ( 1998 ) find that decommitment protocols increase the quality of the resulting allocations in variants of TODs .
1	We construct an iterative anytime algorithm that gradually improves the quality of the discretization and the accuracy of the answer on a query .
0	Let GNS ( U ) denotes the set of all generalized neutrosophic sets of U .
1	Bayesian networks offer great potential for use in automating large scale diagnostic reasoning tasks .
0	achieved an ACE value of 73.4 out of 100 for the MaxEnt classifier and 69.7 for the RRM classifier .
1	The ASTI critiquing module is one such systems ; it provides the physician with automatic criticisms when a drug prescription does not follow the guidelines .
0	The idea in bagging is to train a particular base learner bl on differently sampled data and aggregate the results .
1	The common approach is by doing feature extraction to the text .
0	The variables in clauses are always assumed to be universally quantified .
1	It is usually used to improve the generalization performance when the number of input samples is relatively small or heavily contaminated with noise .
0	The Emoji Dictionary10 is a crowdsourced site providing emoji definitions with sense labels based on how they could be used in sentences .
1	An Autonomous Underwater Vehicle ( AUV ) should carry out complex tasks in a limited time interval .
0	An example of a parallel plan for the ZenoTravel problem is depicted in Figure 12 .
1	We describe a new decision theoretic regression operator that corrects this weakness .
0	Repeat the following steps until the termination criteria is met 3.1 .
1	Two distinct algorithms are presented to extract ( schemata of ) resolution proofs from closed tableaux for propositional schemata .
0	The procedure decide is given in Figure 7 and the p 2 oracle procedure exists is given in Figure 6 and its correctness is stated in Lemma 5.14 .
1	There are several ways of inserting semantics in Web Services .
0	they describe relationship between an individual and data values ) .
1	The notion of class is ubiquitous in computer science and is central in many formalisms for the representation of structured knowledge used both in knowledge representation and in databases .
0	Without loss of generality we will consider purely assertional fuzzy KBs only .
1	Rational decision making involves using information which is almost always imperfect and incomplete together with some intelligent machine which if it is a human being is inconsistent to make decisions .
0	and p is the probability of success ( we set it to 0.5 ) .
1	The analysis has brought a clearer view on the model selection problem .
0	( 5 ) F in F ( Q ) is the fuzzy set of final states .
1	Hierarchically structured knowledge is an important representation form and experts even use several hierarchies in parallel for constituting their knowledge .
0	It is also possible to have a high VOA and low VOI .
1	This method is similar to the concept of extending points with an internal reference direction to get oriented points which are the basic entities in the OPRAm calculus .
0	We also looked into the generalization of the models trained on the BinarySearch task .
1	Regular counting constraints are closely related to the CostRegular constraint but contribute both a natural abstraction and some computational advantages .
0	By using the support as the sole criterion to rank the rules in W is useful provided there are only rules belonging to one class .
1	One problem with this method is that such priors are almost never directly available .
0	Then by induction any possibilistic formula inferred by a finite number of successive applications of ( R ) to C is a logical consequence of C. Proposition 7 Let P be a set of possibilistic clauses and C be the set of possibilistic disjunctions obtained from P ; then the valuation of the optimal refutation by resolution from C is the inconsistent degree of P .
1	Hidden Markov models ( HMMs ) and partially observable Markov decision processes ( POMDPs ) form a useful tool for modeling dynamical systems .
0	These authors will be the candidates which will serve as inputs to our rank aggregation framework .
1	Associations are based on feedback given by the user as a reaction to the behavior of the system .
0	Corollary 2 implies that no epistemic system for this device can be adequate : there is guaranteed to be a bad state that the operator will be unable to detect as such .
1	We propose a general purpose variational inference algorithm that forms a natural counterpart of gradient descent for optimization .
0	In complexity theory this is modeled as a Turing machine with an oracle .
1	This paper is an empirical study of the distributed deep learning for a question answering subtask : answer selection .
0	Fourth Pass : ( see figure 8 ) The previous search lowered the bound from 36 to 35 .
1	Despite the fact that growing variants of SOM overcome the fixed structure limitation they increase computational cost and also do not allow the removal of a neuron after its introduction .
0	The network used in this section differs only in the subsampling rate between two layers from the network used in Graves and Schmidhuber ( 2008 ) .
1	It is a consensus that valuable information lies in social media data .
0	He can forecast the potential results by modifying these data ( Fig .
1	We identify patterns of problem instances where plans can be proved to be suboptimal if the ( unknown ) utility function satisfies certain conditions .
0	Naturally it would be useful to be able to combine such actions concurrently within a plan .
1	We show with experiments on real data that the method finds semantic outliers from trajectory data that are not discovered by similar approaches .
0	ATL is also used to generate the solver target file .
1	They provide for means to chunk the speech stream into linguistically relevant units by providing them with relative saliences and demarcating them within coherent utterance structures .
0	Nor does E ever need to know what decisions would have been taken had it reported differently .
1	In this paper we develop a method of query expansion based on Bayesian networks .
0	One additional problem then is how to know a priori whether or not a specific POMDP has the appropriate structure .
1	The ICA model assumes that a number of independent source signals are linearly mixed to form the observed signal .
0	Each of N players simultaneously chooses an integer between 2 and 100 .
1	The complexity of all of our algorithms depends on the factorization of system dynamics and of the approximate value function .
0	Authors of PermuRank [ 31 ] use SVM technique to minimise a hinge loss function on permutations of documents .
1	We achieve this result by showing that for each soft clustering there exists a hard clustering with comparable properties .
0	This isomorphism ensures that the same words are always composed of the same bigram and unigram tokens .
1	The results show that TOPSIS and Weighted Product FMADM methods can be used to select the most suitable candidates to receive the scholarships since the preference values applied in this method can show applicants with the highest eligibility
0	We now get to showing that modal equivalence for the language of degrees of belief implies bisimilarity .
1	Our approach aims to reduce the size of the CSP by exploiting the structure of the constraints graph and of its associated microstructure .
0	Undirected graphs are converted to directed graphs by doubling the edges .
1	We show that our algorithm can be used to cluster accurately in cases where the data satisfies a number of natural properties and where the traditional agglomerative algorithms fail .
0	This might sound like a risky engineering decision for a situation where agents may behave strategically .
1	Recently the dual variables Ridge Regression ( RR ) technique has been used for effort estimation yielding promising results .
0	Hence its optimal report r can not lie in Dj .
1	The search strategy is best first with the provision to update expected fulfillment and review previous decisions in the light of planning developments .
0	The winning region W is the set of states from which a winning strategy exists .
1	In this work we present a novel approach for unsupervised training of Convolutional networks that is based on contrasting between spatial regions within images .
0	Lexical analysis has a limitation : its performance ( in terms of time complexity and accuracy ) degrades drastically with the exponential growth of the size of dictionary ( number of words ) .
1	These algorithms try to find a small subset of Gaussians which are a good approximation to the full mixture distribution .
0	This section presents the experimental results on five benchmark and one face image data sets .
1	This paper provides the first rigorous analysis of adaptive mutation and its impact on the computation times of evolutionary algorithms in solving certain dynamic optimization problems .
0	We also used logistic regression in accordance with [ 4 ] .
1	The deontic logic DUS is a Deontic Update Semantics for prescriptive obligations based on the update semantics of Veltman .
0	An illustration of a cost function G ( p ) that gives rise to a proper compensation function is shown in Fig .
1	This provides a link between the two mechanisms as well as a way to integrate the two that can be beneficial to both .
0	All results we have established for the original shallow network remain valid when weight sharing is removed .
1	WNtags is built around WordNet lexical ontology but considers Suggested Upper Merged Ontology as the preferred labeling formalism .
0	Section A.3 is devoted to the derivation of the lower bounds .
1	This work lies in the fusion of experimental economics and data mining .
0	The number of sequences processed ( or collections thereof such as batches or epochs ) is therefore no longer an adequate measure of computational expense ; performance is therefore reported as a function of the number of points processed .
1	A correlation coefficient characterization and machine learning methodology are proposed to detect and identify injection of spoofed data signals .
0	We hence presented a general solution to solve positive and negative lossaugmented inference defined in Eq .
1	In this paper we show that by exploiting such nested junction trees in the computation of messages both space and time costs of the conventional propagation methods may be reduced .
0	Informasi ini yang nanti digunakan sebagai pembanding apakah algoritma PLSA berhasil untuk menghasilkan representasi dokumen dengan nilai akurasi yang baik .
1	Heckerman ( 1993 ) defined causal independence in terms of a set of temporal conditional independence statements .
0	Traditional serendipity metric was proposed to contrast the retrieval results with some obvious baseline [ 6 ] .
1	This setting raises the questions of how to represent the plans and how to perform plan search .
0	The resulting P F is a probability measure over the in nite product of independent binary outcomes .
1	We also develop a scheme to model persistence when handling multiple time tagged observations .
0	Example 3.3 Let U be the set of blouses under consideration and E is the set of parameters ( or qualities ) .
1	We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in an image denoising task .
0	Proposition 16 There exists a structure B having all constants such that CSP ( B ) is solvable by LAAC but not by AC .
1	We introduce three different energy difference measures and evaluate their impact on the overall algorithm performance .
0	We now illustrate the solution algorithm on our running example depicted in Figure 1 .
1	The interest in statistical machine translation systems increases currently due to political and social events in the world .
0	For each given instance we used the same labeling heuristics ( or no heuristics at all ) for testing the above models .
1	This paper reports experiments with the causal independence inference algorithm proposed by Zhang and Poole ( 1994b ) on the CPSC network created by Pradhan et al .
0	The next state functions are then ordered by a cost function .
1	We document a connection between constraint reasoning and probabilistic reasoning .
0	This is designed to show that the agents find a closed loop strategy for counting the number of rigid bodies .
1	This proliferation of imprecise information increases the risk of overwhelming the operator .
0	Fig 1 shows the refinement steps and the rules in the rule sets which are used for the refinement.LO ( sam ) is represented vertically .
1	This paper presents an axiomatic framework for qualitative decision under uncertainty in a finite setting .
0	Differently from our previous attempts we here incorporate an operator for common knowledge and provide constructive methods to define abstractions for all notions of bisimulation .
1	The algorithms are an incremental variant of batch learning algorithms from the literature so can work well in batch and incremental mode .
0	( 2001 ) did not use the notion of strategies .
1	We describe a real implementation of the algorithm to plan paths for a six degrees of freedom arm in a dynamic environment where another six degrees of freedom arm is used as a moving obstacle .
0	An ASHACL processor SHOULD provide an interface similar to the first interface above except that the return value of the interface is a boolean indicating whether the data graph conforms to the shapes graph .
1	Finally we give the basic transformations to model spiking and link an energy quantum to a tyke .
0	Geometrical knowledge formulates geometrical characteristics to the physical properties of scene elements .
1	This paper considers the idea that we can make a probabilistic model simpler by making fewer distinctions .
0	The information gain This measure reflects mathematically by : Where Pr ( x ) represents the proportion of documents having the characteristic x .
1	User requirements are introduced as evidence and the propagation of belief is used to determine what are the appropriate system requirements as indicated by user requirements .
0	A cut formula is a formula which is the main formula of two links .
1	The design of the system using use case diagrams and class diagrams to identify the needs of users and systems as well as systems implementation guidelines .
0	Agents may also form coalitions to execute a given task faster or if the requirements of a given task can not be met by a single agent .
1	We reveal an unexpected connection between this new loss and the Huber classification loss .
0	This SG always exists ( and is omputable in linear time with a naive algorithm ) .
1	The software interface helps users to select their names out of this list .
0	Function constants of arity 0 are also called object constants .
1	It has established a strong presence in fields like economics and social science to merit serious attention from the researchers .
0	In an SPM a learner interacts with a stochastic environment in a sequential manner .
1	One of the most important of these algorithms is particle swarm optimization ( PSO ) .
0	Theorem 3 A classical planning problem is solvable by the PE encoding if and only if it is solvable by the SASE encoding .
1	The principle of representation diversity of FIS construction is formulated .
0	Figure 1 demonstrates the effect of block size on the regret rate under DCG .
1	This is implemented as a Protege plugin so that one can perform a TDD test as a black box test .
0	The degree of dispersion ( measured by kurtosis or other indicators ) could be useful here .
1	We study the model of projective simulation ( PS ) which is a novel approach to artificial intelligence ( AI ) .
0	where each operator in the expression involves at least one variable .
1	We propose and study a formal model of implicit imitation that can accelerate reinforcement learning dramatically in certain cases .
0	This could happen in cases when it is necessary to block out certain agents to have a feasible allocation in quiescence .
1	We present the formal semantics underlying the language ALUP and introduce the probabilistic formalism that is based on classes of probabilities and is realized by means of probabilistic constraints .
0	We evaluate the models on the same Regular and Noisy development sets that we use in Section 3.5 .
1	The utilization of omnidirectional data is shown to improve the robustness and accuracy of the navigation algorithm .
0	There is a sense in which the causal model and the corresponding counterfactual structure ( s ) constructed this way satisfy the same formulas .
1	We discuss advantages and disadvantages of each strategy in the light of experimental results and provide some guidelines on choosing proper strategies for a given domain .
0	Since we do not use in our experiment it was not depicted in Fig .
1	One is to extract the topics covered by the event and the tweets ; the other is to segment the event .
0	Structural information is taken into account while learning representations for both sentences and documents and an attention mechanism is applied on both words within a sentence and sentences within a document .
1	We define what characteristics this measure of plausibility should have .
0	It would be risky for the second agent to agree to any protocol in which they accept this slice as they might assign less value to any cake which the first agent later offers in compensation .
1	It translates ADFs into answer set programs whose stable models correspond to models of the ADF with respect to several semantics ( i.e .
0	Both texts and visuals play key roles in the topic detection process .
1	Finding a good approximation to the optimal value function for only this subspace can be much easier than computing the full value function .
0	Such data more often than not do not adhere to the standard syntax .
1	In this paper we present a propositional logic programming language for reasoning under possibilistic uncertainty and representing vague knowledge .
0	The external source computes output tuples which are matched with the output list .
1	We have also shown that convolutional network gives the best results .
0	Each class will be given a name for easy reference .
1	Interaction between these two families takes the form of linear distributivity principles .
0	The more symmetric the probabilistic model the larger the reduction in mean squared error .
1	Inductive learning is based on inferring a general rule from a finite data set and using it to label new data .
0	Now we show that all the generated models are normal .
1	The aim of this study is to develop an Intelligent Bank Market Management System ( IBMMS ) for bank managers who want to manage efficient marketing campaigns .
0	The reduction scheme described above is optimal under SD property and can fail under the more relaxed WD property .
1	Even if the spatial objects are from a geometrical point of view infinitesimal small points locally available reference measures are attached .
0	A set of marriages is a set of singles ( i.e .
1	Starting to use jsCoq is as easy as clicking on a link .
0	Apriori algorithm has been around almost as long as the concept of frequent itemsets and is very popular .
1	The experience in using DLs in applications has shown that in many cases we would like to extend their capabilities .
0	The aDCSP derived from the above model space is depicted in Figure 12 .
1	We study the problem of automatically building hypernym taxonomies from textual and visual data .
0	2A large number of constructs is listed in the table at the end of this section .
1	We also describe several algorithms for constructing bounds on the error in decision quality ( expected utility ) associated with acting in accordance with a given belief state approximation .
0	Nelwamondo and Marwala ( 2005 ) proposed the use of rough set theory to estimate missing values .
1	We empirically evaluate the performance of the system using the EachMovie collaborative filtering database .
0	The representation theorem of ( Katsuno and Mendelzon 1991 ) states that operators characterised by faithful order assignments are exactly those that satisfy the KM postulates .
1	We propose a neural network approach to price EU call options that significantly outperforms some existing pricing models and comes with guarantees that its predictions are economically reasonable .
0	Our MMC model can be thought of as an extension of SIM to matrix completion problems .
1	The proposed method is implemented in PostGIS spatial database and evaluated in analyzing the relationship of diseases as an important application domain .
0	The full architecture of the network is shown in Figure 3 .
1	Our work sheds light on a number of trends on the Internet that go beyond simple Web pages .
0	We briefly review some basic definitions and notation of answer set programming ( ASP ) .
1	Emoji are a contemporary and extremely popular way to enhance electronic communication .
0	For ants and termites for instance this is done via pheromones .
1	Emotion cause extraction aims to identify the reasons behind a certain emotion expressed in text .
0	Its name may include a numeric suffix that is not typically expected in a name .
1	One of the adaptations required is to modify the previous algorithm to account for the structure of the existent network .
0	These are same global constraints that were used for citation field extraction in Chang et al .
1	The produced resources are available under an open source license .
0	Having a small amount of incorrect evidence in the approximation need not be a problem .
1	Using this information the problem is relaxed to allow certain soft constraint ( s ) to be violated and solving continues .
0	Experimenting on more complex datasets is left for further research .
1	We introduce stratified labelings as a novel semantical approach to abstract argumentation frameworks .
0	These graphs are then accessible in the Web via corresponding SPARQL endpoints .
1	Unsurprisingly no learner can achieve sublinear regret without further assumptions .
0	Thus transition variables appear more frequently in a SAT instance .
1	This paper proposes a CS scheme that exploits the representational power of restricted Boltzmann machines and deep learning architectures to model the prior distribution of the sparsity pattern of signals belonging to the same class .
0	The study revealed the fact that pages with more intense discussion activity often have better quality than less discussed ones .
1	In the latter case we mainly focus on the VCG games .
0	This can be crucial for improving analysis and model credibility in the eyes of domain experts .
1	In this paper we present a novel methodology for rapid source estimation during radiological releases based on deep feature extraction and weather clustering .
0	The whole procedure is described in Algorithm 1 and in Figure 2 .
1	The optimization version of the problem concerns the minimization of the number of used colors .
0	See Section 4 for the definition of the different characteristics .
1	Kiwi is a minimalist and extendable Constraint Programming ( CP ) solver specifically designed for education .
0	The exact formulas are beyond the scope of this paper .
1	We evaluate the accuracy of our methods over multiple years of weather reanalysis data in the European region .
0	This means the users in Yelp dataset has more diverse tastes than users in other two datasets .
1	Every training model variable pair permutation is then tagged based on its performance on the evaluated orders .
0	The effect of private variables on reconstructions We show sample reconstructions ( mean and standard deviation ) by VCCA for the view 2 images from the test set in Figure 5 ( columns 2 and 3 ) .
1	We collected data from paper tests performed with grammar school students .
0	Strong linear models baselines Chapters 4 and 5 propose generative models in a common framework for TM tasks .
1	It should be emphasized that the notion of CWI is a more general form of contextual independence than CSI .
0	Each of these propagation stage is performed by the procedure propagation ( Algorithm 2 ) .
1	We first show how to define measures of in formation and uncertainty for possibility assignments .
0	This is a convenient property given the common goal of minimizing error rate .
1	Instead we propose using Maximum Mutual Information ( MMI ) as objective function in neural models .
0	We follow the neural machine translation architecture by Bahdanau et al .
1	This algorithm uses Exponentiated Gradient to find the optimal exploration of the LINUCB .
0	It should be noted that our Linked Data Integration component creates new links which did not exist before .
1	It presents research efforts that were undertaken to inform on how well traditional machine learning algorithms can handle this task .
0	A ranking function partitions the set of possible worlds into ordered layers .
1	Bayesian networks provide a modeling language and associated inference algorithm for stochastic domains .
0	Examples : Jon finished the final in 45 minutes and The vase broke .
1	The techniques used in this approach are base on ideas developed from the theory of approximate reasoning .
0	From Lemma 11 ( i ) and the choice of C1 we conclude that at any point of computation clause C is conflicting on M .
1	The first part is a novel deep alternative neural network ( DANN ) used to generate candidates of next move .
0	The fourth and final source of complexity is driven by the fact that the constraint satisfaction algorithm must determine a consistent combination of assumptions in the model space .
1	A soft constraint is a function defined on a collection of variables which associates some measure of desirability with each possible combination of values for those variables .
0	We follow the Occams Razor principle and aim to find the simplest model which best explains the data .
1	Coins are integral part of our day to day life .
0	It is perhaps most natural to select a single algorithm for solving a given problem instance .
1	Joint inference is quite desirable as it has the ability to improve accuracy of the model .
0	The priority of a goal monitoring job is the same as the one of its mother job ( a backward chaining job ) .
1	This paper discusses a method for implementing a probabilistic inference system based on an extended relational data model .
0	2008 ] describe an approach to classify sentences in a document as specifying one or more events from a certain ACE 2006 class .
1	We are interested in the problem of planning for factored POMDPs .
0	Here a dynamic neural network ( DNN ) is used in combination with a set of FIR filters to detect tremor .
1	The proposed semantics is based on fuzzy sets of interpretations .
0	algorithm for SCSC using an approximation algorithm for SCSK using Linear search .
1	We will give an example to show how these approaches are applied in an evidential network .
0	The base case is a leaf circuit node ( indicator or parameter ) .
1	These provide powerful tools for engineering real time systems that adapt to changes in the environment but are limited when the controller itself needs to be adapted .
0	A grid search mechanism was selected for searching the hyperparameter values .
1	It has special complexities which can be generalized to most important problems in other similar Multi Agent Systems .
0	We use PROPACK 5 package for an efficient SVD implementation .
1	All these modules interact each other to allow the monitoring of two types of chronic diseases and to help clinician in taking decision for cure purpose .
0	wij determines the strength of the interaction between the hidden hj and visible vi units .
1	The purpose of the SAMDP modeling is to describe and allow a better understanding of complex behaviors by identifying temporal and spatial abstractions .
0	The former is known as Leibniz equality and the latter we call Andrews equality ( cf .
1	There are many optimization issues in data mining such as attribute reductions .
0	The section concludes by showing that under these restrictions the model checking problem is EXPSPACEcomplete .
1	Similarity between two data objects can be depicted using a similarity measure or a distance metric .
0	The structural knowledge is usually reorganized in available models and stored in model base .
1	In online convex optimization it is well known that objective functions with curvature are much easier than arbitrary convex functions .
0	( 2015 ) also detect distress on small datasets using simple classifiers .
1	We provide a detailed evaluation of the portfolio approach on distributions of hard combinatorial search problems .
0	The work presented in this paper touches on various topics that have been the subject of previous research .
1	We also provide a formal analysis of some network structures where the two methods will differ .
0	It can also be applied to finding approximate solutions under additional penalty terms suggested by [ 33 ] .
1	This facility provides support for using plan recognition to build systems that will intelligently assist a user .
0	In E and F the category responsible for talking about these people is called .
1	The formalism enables representation of scientific uncertainty and conflict in a manner suitable for qualitative reasoning about the domain .
0	In numerous papers dealing with simulations and bisimulations mostly forward simulations and forward bisimulations have been studied .
1	We do this by identifying clusters of utility functions that minimize an appropriate distance measure .
0	The composition of this VO determines the type of the verb instance .
1	The motivating tasks are 1. evaluating beliefs networks having a large number of deterministic relationships and2 .
0	The perspective of feedforward computation puts more emphasis on the specific paths connecting inputs to outputs .
1	Pairwise learning or dyadic prediction concerns the prediction of properties for pairs of objects .
0	Algorithm 1 in the supplemental material summarizes the complete learning process .
1	There is an obvious need for improving the performance and accuracy of a Bayesian network as new data is observed .
0	The subgroups are indu ed from di erent attribute subsets with orresponding g parameter values given in olumn g. The last olumn Sig ontains information about the signi an e of the rules omputed by the 2 test .
1	In this article we present the first algorithm for solving CSPs that fulfills these new requirements .
0	We evaluate predictive power and interpretability of NNMs at the example of the omnipresent MovieLens ( ML ) 100K and 1M datasets.1 Due to lack of space we moved the details about the configurations of all algorithms and results for the MovieLens 100K dataset to the appendix .
1	Recently Neural network based models have been proposed which do not require handcrafted features but still require annotated corpora .
0	Restrictions of priori knowledge about later conditions of the environment reduces AUVs autonomy and robustness .
1	The belief theory will enable us to quantify the belief in the association of each perceived object with each known object .
0	We describe these in more detail below and mention the most important design tradeoffs .
1	This hardness result holds even if the algorithm is allowed to access more features than the best sparse linear regressor up to a logarithmic factor in the dimension .
0	These are useful in both data exploration and in more targeted search .
1	We propose a Convolutional Neural Network ( CNN ) based detector for this task .
0	The experimental results were obtained using the proposed homotopy algorithm .
1	XML has become the lingua franca of the Internet that allows customized markups to be defined for specific domains .
0	Then each of the three nodes has an indegree of at least 1 .
1	One way of limiting the search space and avoiding local optima is to impose qualitative constraints that are based on background knowledge concerning the domain .
0	In the first sweep each vertex is assigned a value .
1	Negating facts can be achieved by asking the user for constants that do not appear elsewhere in the knowledge base .
0	Prune all tiles from the interior of each rectangle R and possibly some from the perimeter ( border ) .
1	Extensive experiments on a variety of datasets demonstrate ISGD converges faster than SGD .
0	Map the mean of each cluster to an English word using vec2word .
1	We derive a posterior characterization and a simple and effective Gibbs sampler for posterior simulation .
0	The following standard inequality plays a crucial role in the following developments : Lemma 1 .
1	A strategy for a decision variable is in principle a function over its past .
0	The third argument is a set C of atoms used to restrict branching atoms of level 1 .
1	We present the Civique system for emergency detection in urban areas by monitoring micro blogs like Tweets .
0	We found it to have a significant effect in practice .
1	We study the theoretical capacity to statistically learn local landscape information by Evolution Strategies ( ESs ) .
0	The Genetic Algorithm ( GA ) is firstly proposed by John Holland and his colleagues at the University of Michigan for an automatic cellular application .
1	A fundamental task for propositional logic is to compute models of propositional formulas .
0	[ 8 ] presented an Intelligent Coin Identification System ( ICIS ) in 2006 .
1	The embedding features learned from raw text further enhance the performance .
0	The solution has to be sought separately for GPU and CPU architectures .
1	Metrics and measurements are suggested for evaluating the performance of Automatic Vehicle Checking Agent ( VCA ) .
0	The work contained in the thesis is original and has been done by myself under the general supervision of my supervisor .
1	This paper introduces an elemental building block which combines Dictionary Learning and Dimension Reduction ( DRDL ) .
0	A total of 5000 playouts are given to both algorithms for each move .
1	Simulation results show that the proposed routing algorithms find the optimal shortest path taking into account three most important parameters of network dynamics .
0	This replaces the concept of shovel blade in the context of a hand shovel with the analogous term in the context of a backhoe .
1	Distributed knowledge based applications in open domain rely on common sense information which is bound to be uncertain and incomplete .
0	The remaining subset of axioms ( 39 ) of O is finite .
1	This paper presents a method to compute automatically topological relations using SWRL rules .
0	Figure 1 provides an illustration of this hybrid word and character level RNN .
1	Language segmentation consists in finding the boundaries where one language ends and another language begins in a text written in more than one language .
0	Controlling the gradient of the whole system and avoiding him not to explode is a hard problem .
1	Machine learning and deep learning in particular has advanced tremendously on perceptual tasks in recent years .
0	These approaches however still seem to contain redundancies compared with the graphical EM algorithm .
1	The transformations described in this paper are different from those described in the literature .
0	Each of these problems is in turn solved using the strategy proposed in [ 20 ] .
1	Managing allocation of these large scale text data is an important problem for many areas .
0	We see from this example that it is useful to retain lauses of arbitrary length provided that they are relevant to the urrent sear h ontext .
1	We consider the problem of creating fair course timetables in the setting of a university .
0	Definition 7 ( a modified selection procedure of the QCSS scheduler ) .
1	The past decade has seen a significant interest in learning tractable probabilistic representations .
0	The grammars implement common syntactic constructions and describe the inflectional morphology of a language .
1	The shared task was to predict Part of Speech ( POS ) tag at word level for a given text .
0	Each event is related to one TIMEX3 by means of the SIMULTANEOUS relation type .
1	We then go on to introduce a system hierarchy and the notion of inspecting ( testing ) components before repair .
0	The bounds provided by the algorithm are computed using the notion of utopia points .
1	Knowing whether a proposition is true means knowing that it is true or knowing that it is false .
0	The main notion of this section is as follows : Definition 4.3 .
1	We exploit qualitative probabilistic relationships among variables for computing bounds of conditional probability distributions of interest in Bayesian networks .
0	Both TAR and ORPP are recalled for several times in a mission .
1	We find that models of subsamples can equal the topic similarity of models over the whole corpus .
0	Sebuah class diagram adalah yang paling mendasar dan banyak digunakan diagram UML .
1	We describe the current capabilities and limitations of the toolkit and illustrate its usage on a set of example SAT problems .
0	The semantics of such a UTIL message is similar to a constraint whose scope is the set of all variables in the context of the message ( its dimensions ) .
1	Preliminary experiments show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms in a queuing application .
0	In each cycle every employed bee perturbs the current solution using a local search procedure .
1	Results define a framework for future works to develop this system .
0	Undirected terms attached to the root node enforce deterministic constraints .
1	Conditor is a software tool which works with textual documents containing historical information .
0	We will make use of this practical notation in some of subsequent sections .
1	The concurrent options model allows overlapping execution ofoptions in order to achieve higher performance or in order to performa complex task .
0	This result may help to reduce the resources ( heuristics or labelled data ) required for training future strategic agents .
1	Pairwise comparisons are an important tool of modern ( multiple criteria ) decision making .
0	The budget is defined as the total cost for label collection of one single task .
1	A key problem of robotic environmental sensing and monitoring is that of active sensing : How can a team of robots plan the most informative observation paths to minimize the uncertainty in modeling and predicting an environmental phenomenon ?
0	We therefore use a conditional random field ( CRF ) for the undirected probabilistic graphical model to determine the 3D articulated structure .
1	This paper aims to investigate what these latent tree learning models learn .
0	Require : Test T ( Func ( R ) ) .
1	This method provides a good model for object class segmentation problem in computer vision .
0	The motivation behind our approach is to mitigate a notable gap in prior concept space models which are limited to direct associations between words and concepts .
1	The work presented here is concerned with acquiring such models .
0	A separate linear regression model is then trained on each of these clusters ( any other model can be used in place of linear regression ) .
1	The adaptation to situations of sequential choice under uncertainty of decision criteria which deviate from ( subjective ) expected utility raises the problem of ensuring the selection of a nondominated strategy .
0	Explanations and analysis to be added in the next version .
1	We propose a method of nonparametrically combining local controllers to obtain globally good solutions .
0	We measure size as the number of nodes and edges in a given abstract ground graph .
1	Such information can then be integrated with the China Biographical Database of Harvard University .
0	The Union of Concerned Scientists maintains a database of 1000 Earth satellites .
1	The distance gives the amount of additional information needed to describe any one of the two sets given the other .
0	Table 2 shows a comparison of training cost with and without SortaGrad on the 9 layer model with 7 recurrent layers .
1	Several methods for calculating GTs from a number of annotations are applied and the resulting differences in the performance of the object detectors are quantified .
0	The algorithm devised by Dolgov and Durfee ( 2006 ) is presented below in Eq .
1	How should we dynamically rank information sources to maximize the value of the ranking ?
0	The prediction data frames contain all portfolio algorithms ranked by performance .
1	We present thus some ideas on how the intelligence of a group can be measured and simulate such tests .
0	whether such trees contain subtrees that correspond to malicious behaviors .
1	A possibilistic knowledge base is then viewed as a set of possibility distributions that satisfy it .
0	The parameters of genetic algorithm ( GA ) should be carefully defined to achieve a convergent result at a quick global optimum .
1	In this paper we study different concepts of independence for convex sets of probabilities .
0	Neither look nor beep changes the states of the environment .
1	Stochastic search algorithms are among the most sucessful approaches for solving hard combinatorial problems .
0	Cut is procedural and can not be understood in nonprocedural terms .
1	An argument is more acceptable if the proponent puts forward more number of defenders for it and the opponent puts forward less number of attackers against it .
0	Definition 5.2 ( Action ) An action is an instance of an operator .
1	We investigate the predictive power behind the language of food on social media .
0	Outcome optimization is not the only task that should be supported by a preference representation model .
1	We can give remedy to this problem by defining some kind of heuristic knowledge .
0	To perform a comparison between two planners we rank the problems in the data set in order of agreed difficulty and then rank the differences between the performances of the planners on these problems .
1	We show that our approach not only does not degrade but actually benefits from learning multiple tasks .
0	We have come up with a set of features over variable pairs .
1	This raises the question of whether these predefined pictographic characters will come to replace earlier orthographic methods of paralinguistic communication .
0	If a state is consistent and complete then it represents a truth assignment for F .
1	The SKYSET System defines the categories required to form a standard template for representing information that is portable across different domains .
0	The Probabilistic DCOP model for agents with partial knowledge is suitable to model those applications where agents have no prior knowledge of how the environment reacts to some of the actions .
1	We prove that this algorithm converges with probability one to a satisfying assignment whenever one exists .
0	We have the following lemma for all these normalized ranking measures .
1	In many domains it is desirable to assess the preferences of users in a qualitative rather than quantitative way .
0	Lemma 4 indicates how symmetry is used to reduce exploration .
1	Necessity ( and possibility ) measures agree with this view of acceptance while probability and belief functions generally do not .
0	We then compare the performance of EASGD and its momentum variant EAMSGD with the SGD and DOWNPOUR methods ( including their averaging and momentum variants ) .
1	TransF regards relation as translation between head entity vector and tail entity vector with flexible magnitude .
0	Each measurement is associated to nearest track in GNN algorithm .
1	Both informativeness and readability of the collected summaries are verified by manual judgment .
0	The model order selection step of the algorithm requires O ( n ) computations .
1	This paper presents an approach to the task of predicting an event description from a preceding sentence in a text .
0	In this section we consider an inductive model that formalizes this problem .
1	The proposed technique is shown to outperform most available classifier combination methods when tested on three different classification problems .
0	Uniform strategy requires a player to choose uniformly among all the states in her information set .
1	Efficient algorithms for detecting approximate entity mentions follow one of two general techniques .
0	Symmetry states that two identical players should have equal shares .
1	In this paper we present a hybrid algorithm based on the latter approach yet possessing the ability to retrieve the belief in all single variables .
0	We begin with the representation of the domain in H .
1	VCM ( Visualization of Concept in Medicine ) is an iconic language for representing key medical concepts by icons .
0	HIGSS is a classification problem to distinguish between a signal process which produces Higgs bosons and a background process which does not [ 46 ] .
1	We also extend the extrapolation ability of these complexes with a projection constraint term .
0	The initial learning rate is 0.1 and batch size is 100 .
1	Our experiments show that Eve outperforms all other algorithms on these benchmark tasks .
0	We use a planning problem that is of similar complexity as has been investigated in climbing [ 21 ] and walking [ 22 ] robots .
1	This work demonstrates that quantitative and qualitative approaches can be synergistically integrated to provide effective and flexible decision support .
0	We consider two classes of problems : multiclass classification with bandit feedback in public benchmark datasets and estimation of average user visits to an Internet portal .
1	Factored MDPs represent a complex state space using state variables and the transition model using a dynamic Bayesian network .
0	By trivially adapting the same reduction for Theorem 1 we can state the following theorem .
1	This class of learning problems is difficult because of the often large combined action and observation spaces .
0	Here we characterize the computational complexity of a CNN using the number of multiply accumulate operations required for a forward pass ( which depends on the size of the filters in each convolutional layer as well as the input image size and stride ) .
1	The structure representation of data distribution plays an important role in understanding the underlying mechanism of generating data .
0	I first studied some instance properties to find correlations to the output .
1	The main idea is to make a controller trainer network using images plus key press data to mimic human learning .
0	It is also interesting to note the improvement we obtain when switching from bu to td .
1	The evaluation of the acquired grammar and lexicon shows the feasibility of the approach .
0	The effect of the noise on classification then indirectly provides information on how well separated different phoneme classes are in the space of acoustic waveforms x .
1	People using consumer software applications typically do not use technical jargon when querying an online database of help topics .
0	Figure 7 decouples the results for the Satisfactory and Unsatisfactory partitions of the data set .
1	This study finally points out the differences between thematic representations of documents depending on the targeted languages such as English or latin languages .
0	The time reported is the total time taken by all the attempts until the length of a shortest synchronizing sequence is found .
1	We show some evidence that the proposed model can discover underlying hierarchical structure in the sequences without using explicit boundary information .
0	A planner that uses macros does not search an abstract space but instead already has a set of macros available that each correspond to a subplan .
1	This paper confirms the efficiency of the social media data in detecting individual suicide risk .
0	Observe that true atoms can not be assumed due to the first condition and only elements in the set U are assumed due to the second condition .
1	This result sheds light on the models of decision making under uncertainty .
0	The conventional beamforming known as the null steering beamforming to combat CCI is also briefly explained .
1	The algorithms have two components : a scoring metric and a search procedure .
0	( Similar definitions for Fuzzy Overlogic and respectively of Intuitionistic Fuzzy Overlogic . )
1	Throughout the discussion of Argudas a number of issues will be raised including the appropriateness of argumentation in biology and the challenges faced when integrating apparently similar online biological databases .
0	It is thus hypothetically possible that we could get around the problems with this approach .
1	In this paper we propose a simple and efficient method for improving stochastic gradient descent methods by using feedback from the objective function .
0	This attribute can indicate that vk should appear closer to vi .
1	Most of these approaches exploit predefined features extracted by an expert in order to classify network traffic .
0	The first row is the same RNN layout used in Graves and Schmidhuber ( 2008 ) .
1	Hybrid Probabilistic Programs ( HPPs ) are logic programs that allow the programmer to explicitly encode his knowledge of the dependencies between events being described in the program .
0	HTM can be mapped to HSR by considering time as another dimension of space .
1	It is tested with sample cases and the result showed that dynamic capitalization leads to knowledge validation hence increasing reliability of captured knowledge for reuse .
0	The resulting tree is slightly simpler than the one in [ 15 ] .
1	It has recently been shown that the proof system used in LCG is at least as strong as general resolution .
0	This information then is converted into facts in our CLIPS Decision support system .
1	This suggests that biases originating in how the brain understands language strongly constrain how human languages change over generations .
0	A game has some variables ( like positions or speeds of different objects ) that are slightly modified at each step .
1	The compatibility of quantitative and qualitative representations of beliefs was studied extensively in probability theory .
0	Constraint ( 2 ) requires that the cost of visiting entirely all the branches in C1 and at first partially and subsequently entirely all the branches in C2 is not larger than the penetration times of the outer targets .
1	This suggests a straightforward procedure for constructing a consensus Markov network .
0	It is capable of computing the representation of a longer expression ( e.g .
1	We show both theoretically and experimentally that the stratified scheme outperforms likelihood weighting in average runtime and error in estimates of beliefs .
0	They modified C4.5 to include a loss ratio for determining the class values at the leaves .
1	Our results are evaluated on a gait cycle imitation task for multiple planar articulated figures and multiple gaits .
0	A typical optimal mentor trajectory is illustrated by the solid line between the start and end states .
1	We present a probabilistic language model that uses word embeddings to associate lingual verbs with their corresponding kinematic structures .
0	Our main interest is in improving the speed of convergence to approximately optimal states .
1	Many natural language processing applications use language models to generate text .
0	The authors suggest that a combination of measures might be worth investigating .
1	Research on developing efficient and scalable ASP solvers can substantially benefit by the availability of data sets to experiment with .
0	The last pattern in this example ties everything together by listing the sequence of categories in the original alignment .
1	Experimental data shows that our approach can be used to learn signatures from a training set of malware files and use them to detect a test set of malware that is 5 times the size of the training set .
0	( 2007 ) present a review of several OCC algorithms along with Gaussian Mixture models for the Speaker Verification problem .
1	In DUS the definition of logical validity of obligations is not based on static truth values but on dynamic action transitions .
0	CAVaT includes a check that will identify TLINKs where both arguments reference the same event instance or event .
1	In this paper we argue that the concentration on theoretical techniques for the evaluation and selection of decision options has distracted attention from many of the wider issues in decision making .
0	This incremental representation is convenient for backtracks as they can be performed by undoing the last changes of the trail until restoring the sequence of the desired node .
1	We believe that this is very important because the psychological information regarding the Personalities of individuals is limited in real world applications and because it can become a useful tool in improving the traditional models of Knowledge Economy .
0	It is important to notice that the output of TRAOD is the total number of outliers and the outliers presented over the set of trajectories .
1	This information becomes essential as soon as a program needs to be modified or further manipulated .
0	Our evaluation shows that these methods alone do not provide an adequate strategy for ordering .
1	We argue that the evaluation of any aggregationtechnique depends on the semantic context of this task .
0	San Francisco downtown ( top left cluster of points ) is clearly denser in ride requests .
1	It is however important to validate the resulting algorithm by comparing it with the aggregation approach : this is the goal of this paper .
0	Each iteration takes at most O ( n ) time .
1	This paper describes a decision theoretic formulation of learning the graphical structure of a Bayesian Belief Network from data .
0	A unique start waypoint and unique destination waypoint was chosen randomly for each agent .
1	A major problem of causal inference is the arrangement of dependent nodes in a directed acyclic graph ( DAG ) with path coefficients and observed confounders .
0	It is well known that one can take any arbitrary formula and convert it to prenex clausal form .
1	There has been significant interest in crowdsourcing and human computation .
0	Every layer DNI We first look at training an FCN for MNIST digit classification [ 14 ] .
1	We consider finite horizon Markov decision processes under performance measures that involve both the mean and the variance of the cumulative reward .
0	It also makes sense to use the frequency count of symbols over the training sequence .
1	Further special lattice graph of subgraphs of these graphs are defined and described .
0	Our dataset requires no filtering and estimates the natural distribution of the platform .
1	In this paper we investigate the issues of reasoning with incomplete utility models .
0	Our model surpasses ZPar on all the genres in both segmentation and joint POS tagging .
1	The method of applying ACO to solve extremum problem is explored in this paper .
0	HTM with distribution on belief states can be mapped to our model with Template Matching instead of Sparse Approximation in the inference step .
1	Experimental results illustrate promising results in terms of classification accuracy .
0	This result can be converted into a sample complexity bound as follows .
1	We present a knowledge representation framework that permits the knowledge base designer to specify knowledge in larger semantically meaningful units which we call network fragments .
0	random variables whose expectation is f ( xt ) ( resp .
1	Our approach is based on deep contextual sequence learning and utilizes stacked bidirectional LSTM networks .
0	Fishburn [ 6 ] and Huber [ 7 ] provided very specific literature survey on Multiple Criteria Utility Theory .
1	We demonstrate the efficiency of the algorithm and its precision through extensive experiments .
0	It is very challenging to precisely segment words in poems without human final inspection .
1	Our approach can yield significant savings of memory and computational time when compared to traditional methods .
0	This instruction is used when translating WAM indexing instructions ( e.g .
1	Recent work in belief updating for Bayes networks attempts to approximate posterior probabilities by finding a small number of the highest probability complete ( or perhaps evidentially supported ) assignments .
0	Re all that we write X A ) X B i X A !
1	Video games can be used as an excellent test bed for Artificial Intelligence ( AI ) techniques .
0	report a user study in [ 24 ] that compares four visual quality measures that have been proposed in [ 22 ] and [ 23 ] .
1	We introduce simple closed form kernels that can be used with Gaussian processes to discover patterns and enable extrapolation .
0	The word vector layer and the LSTM layer are dropped out with a probability of 0.5 .
1	We compare the algorithm with some existing induction techniques for finite state automata and show that the algorithm is much superior in both run time and quality of inductions .
0	The traditional business process instructions document format is subsequently referred to as the document format .
1	Variational methods are deterministic procedures that provide approximations to marginal and conditional probabilities of interest .
0	Exhaustive experimental results on KMM can already be found in Gretton et al .
1	This weighted minimum distance enhances the performance of SAX as we show through experiments using different time series datasets .
0	There are several commonly used performance measures for both ranking and classification .
1	Possibilistic logic offers a qualitative framework for representing pieces of information associated with levels of uncertainty of priority .
0	We also compare it to propositional weighted model counting and discuss existing algorithms .
1	Note that the probabilities in the optimal offline distribution may be complex functions of all the entries in the matrix .
0	The results of this procedure are shown in Table 3 .
1	We introduce the notion of projective equation parsing and provide an efficient algorithm to parse text to projective equations .
0	Our first proposition demonstrates that there are three types of training set prediction errors .
1	The paper presents a suspicious email detection model which incorporates enhanced feature selection .
0	It is clear that performance can not deteriorate when randomization is allowed .
1	In this work we break this constraint by decoupling modules by introducing a model of the future computation of the network graph .
0	This suggests that only limited English distributed lexical semantic information can be integrated to help modelling Singlish syntactic knowledge due to the differences in distributed lexical semantics .
1	We conclude our paper by discussing some open research problems in the field of OCC and present our vision for future research .
0	The key insight into obtaining a weighted version of GMML comes from a crucial geometric observation .
1	We hope that an adaptation of this algorithm to a possibilistic causal network will show an improvement of the convergence of LBP .
0	The last step is for the location words identified in the English translation to be displayed both in English and in the original language .
1	We present some preliminary results of the representational properties of these embeddings on various word similarity benchmarks .
0	Cartographic generalisation is a process that aims at decreasing the level of details of geographic data in order to produce a map at a given scale .
1	We then investigate how the user perception on interpretability of mathematical expressions relate to various automated measures of complexity that can be used to characterize data projection functions .
0	Domain policies ( or specialized reasoners that implement them ) and reporting requirements should provide the knowledge necessary to determine the value of alerts about various types of constraint violations and reports .
1	We demonstrated several appealing properties of MetaNet relating to generalization and continual learning .
0	Queries are mapped on entities that have an rdfs : label that exactly matches the query .
1	The system achieves much of its power by transferring parts of previously learned solutions rather than a single complete solution .
0	Then the plan is of the second type and must cycle through all possible assignments .
1	under this generic term several different effects of persuasive communication are comprised .
0	Lemma 5.3 yields the first inequality below and Condition 2 of Definition 4.1 the second .
1	This paper introduces a computational framework for reasoning in Bayesian belief networks that derives significant advantages from focused inference and relevance reasoning .
0	We choose the validation set to be just before the current altitude .
1	We apply the principle of maximum entropy to select a unique joint probability distribution from the set of all joint probability distributions specified by a credal network .
0	The average number of mention annotations per sentence was 1.74 .
1	We analyze the theoretical bounds and evaluate their empirical performance on various types of data sets .
0	We consider problems regarding resources bounds and resource conflicts which were shown to be computationally hard in Wooldridge et al .
1	Each assumption controls at least one uncertainty that complicates considerably the procedures for selecting actions part of each such agent .
0	Unknown mean The results of our synthetic mean experiment are shown in Figure 1 .
1	Online learning has been in the spotlight from the machine learning society for a long time .
0	Care is taken to ensure that all restrictions listed in Section 1 are enforced .
1	Graphical models based on conditional independence support concise encodings of the subjective belief of a single agent .
0	Filling in missing entries with low ratings affects the size of those probabilities but leaves the structure of the towers approximately unchanged .
1	In that paper we have also studied reductions by means of those solutions which are fuzzy equivalences .
0	Multiple caches can be used to store different types of subsolutions .
1	We also defined a new metric for evaluating network user satisfaction degree : network worth .
0	Opening up the individual algorithmic frameworks allowed researchers to combine a metaheuristic with any auxiliary method available .
1	The size of the FOU is shown to be have a large effect on performance with potentially severe performance penalties for incorrectly sized footprints .
0	This category includes reports from NGOs and martyr ( obituary ) notices .
1	We explore the factors influencing the dependence of single sentences on their larger textual context in order to automatically identify candidate sentences for language learning exercises from corpora which are presentable in isolation .
0	This measure takes into account both positive and negative evidence .
1	There are also a number of different techniques for converting SAT problems into CSPs .
0	is forced to be unblocked ( left branch after choice point CP3 ) by adding a ( 2 ) into the OUT set .
1	We discover these ride request graphs exhibit a well known property called densification power law often found in real graphs modelling human behaviors .
0	It tries to optimize problems related to production planning and to scheduling in order to propose mathematical formulations for the existing solutions .
1	We establish a graphical criterion for recognizing when the effects of a given plan can be predicted from passive observations on measured variables only .
0	In the left plot we show the original time series while on the right plot the histogram rows containing the polynomial words versus their frequencies .
1	Unregularized deep neural networks ( DNNs ) can be easily overfit with a limited sample size .
0	Tie breaking also affects the criterion under which closed nodes are reopened .
1	We develop algorithms to successfully achieve policy transfer when we have the model of both the source and target tasks and discuss in detail their performance and shortcomings .
0	( 22 ) This bound has similarities to bound ( 13 ) : tightness of both bounds depends on the quality of feature vectors in representing the relevant quantities ( stationary distributions in ( 13 ) and value functions in ( 22 ) ) .
1	We reexamine the question of variable discretization in a hybrid network aiming at minimizing the information loss induced by the discretization .
0	This approach has the benefit that the required data can be collected with minimal overhead as algorithms are executed .
1	The recognition of human activities is one of the key problems in video understanding .
0	We conclude by observing that the condition under which equality is achieved in the bound stated in the lemma is exactly the same condition under which equality is achieved in the bound stated in the third claim .
1	We present a number of computational tools used for attempting to automatically discover temporal and causal relations in data .
0	For each of these frame elements there can be seen in one or more annotated sentences .
1	Semantic information processing can help users deal with semantic ambiguity and information overload efficiently through appropriate semantic models and semantic information processing technology .
0	Another independent work is an application of a cognitive architecture from psychology to games [ 23 ] .
1	Markov decision problems ( MDPs ) provide the foundations for a number of problems of interest to AI researchers studying automated planning and reinforcement learning .
0	The total distance of a variable is computed as the sum of its distances to all the variables .
1	We provide new approximation guarantees for greedy low rank matrix estimation under standard assumptions of restricted strong convexity and smoothness .
0	Other papers as [ 18 ] and [ 19 ] try to find the paths most frequently used by the moving objects .
1	In this work we more deeply investigate the direct utility of using clustering to improve prediction accuracy and provide explanations for why this may be so .
0	We then post permutation onstraints on the variables of ea h row and ea h olumn .
1	Our format has been designed to be able to express a wide variety of different scenarios .
0	Such sequence of data vectors assigned to the visible layer can be employed to give a rough approximation of the marginal distribution p ( v ) .
1	Reducing the number of constraints without sacrificing the quality of the solutions is thus desirable .
0	All of these are concatenated and used as input for successive layers .
1	Transfer learning has been developed to improve the performances of different but related tasks in machine learning .
0	The current research direction in the design of Asymmetric DCOP algorithms has focused on adapting existing classical DCOP algorithms to handle the asymmetric costs .
1	Each course scheduled out of memory consideration is examined as to whether it should be pitch adjusted with probability of eight procedures .
0	Let n be the total number of ratings observed ( the cardinality of R ) .
1	The Logic Programming paradigm was developed with the intention of separating the logic from the control .
0	We start by evaluating the performance of NADE models on a set of benchmark datasets where the observations correspond to binary vectors .
1	We then show how to exploit it with workflow tools to simulate ( YAWL language ) and analyse it ( PROM tool )
0	An equivalent definition can be done using sequence variables and graph unrolling .
1	Social botnets have become an important phenomenon on social media .
0	The detailed prototyping methodology is detailed in [ 19 ] .
1	They also help explain some of the previous experimental results and observations with regards to network robustness against parameter changes .
0	This information can be related to the performance of the algorithms to make predictions as to which algorithm to use in a particular case .
1	We present preliminary experimental results which demonstrate significant savings over using static jointrees when query changes are considerable .
0	Accurate recall under these conditions can only be achieved if ( a ) there were some differentiating factors for the specific episode and ( b ) these differentiating factors can be recreated during recall .
1	The work presented here describes a formal framework for incorporating readily available odometric information and geometrical constraints into both the models and the algorithm that learns them .
0	We then formulate a series of tasks from the training set .
1	We develop a family of algorithms for structured reachability analysis of MDPs that are suitable when an initial state ( or set of states ) is known .
0	The algorithm thus uses a policy iteration approach at the abstract level together with an embedded MILP solver within phases .
1	We discover that our inference rules are extremely complex and that it is at first glance not clear at all where the deduced tightest bounds come from .
0	3. the edges between each of the Ai and an argument which does not belong to C are kept .
1	One family of noninformative priors is suggested for assigning equal scores to equivalent networks .
0	Terms ( i ) Variables and constants comprise elementary terms .
1	This provides some insight into dataset characteristics that are conducive to each algorithm .
0	Approach for Improving Instructions The categories are shown color coded .
1	Bike sharing systems are a very popular means to provide bikes to citizens in a simple and cheap way .
0	Jobs are uninterruptible but might get delayed and even eventually discarded if they become irrelevant .
1	These programs are mapped to executable models to calculate the solutions .
0	Figure 3 shows a possible collection of scene elements in case of a building .
1	We study several updating ( conditioning ) schemes that emerge naturally from a common scenarion to provide some insights into their meaning .
0	Here we also use it to spread the training data more uniformly .
1	We identify a bound on the number of clauses in satisfiability problems for which the generalized algorithm can find a solution in a constant number of steps as the number of variables increases .
0	A set of 320 test instances has been proposed by Chaves et al .
1	In this paper we present an approach for avoiding such unnecessary computation in influence diagram evaluation .
0	The experiments with markups near 5 or 25 show trends similar to what is reported here .
1	This paper describes a class of probabilistic approximation algorithms based on bucket elimination which offer adjustable levels of accuracy and efficiency .
0	Initialization Previous work with DaEX on different domains of planning problems from the IPC benchmark series have demonstrated the need for a very careful choice of the atoms that are used to build the partial states [ 23 ] .
1	We also demonstrate the value of this representation in decision making .
0	Claim ( 49 ) follows by combining Equations ( 69 ) and ( 71 ) .
1	Extensive computational tests on a large set of instances show that these methods are effective and improve over existing ones .
0	A visual of a 2D dispersion as used by our application is shown in Fig .
1	Its primary purpose is for construction of binary discriminators for phonemes based on spectral content .
0	The individual experiments are described in more detail in Appendix B .
1	These algorithms could be a starting point for the field of transfer learning in partial observability .
0	That is d j and x i have the smallest domains possible .
1	Phase transitions in many complex combinational problems have been widely studied in the past decade .
0	This is certainly consistent with intuition and the way we present evidence .
1	We explore the issue of refining an existent Bayesian network structure using new data which might mention only a subset of the variables .
0	Let us assume that we are using a uniform distribution over the numbers [ 1..k ] .
1	Robust estimation is much more challenging in high dimensions than it is in one dimension : Most techniques either lead to intractable optimization problems or estimators that can tolerate only a tiny fraction of errors .
0	The Matrix Stochastic Gradient ( MSG ) algorithm entails : 1 .
1	Accompanying natural language descriptions of the motion constitute the lingual signal .
0	This suggests that it may indeed be a good idea to use such a quadratic penalty term .
1	In this paper we introduce a variant of Memory Networks that needs significantly less supervision to perform question and answering tasks .
0	The rather technical proof of this lemma is given in the appendix .
1	The inherent inflexibility and incompleteness of commonsense knowledge bases ( KB ) has limited their usefulness .
0	We found that the number of dependencies and size of the relational model ( regulated by the number of entities and many cardinalities ) dictate the equivalence .
1	In this paper we propose the Structured Deep Neural Network ( structured DNN ) as a structured and deep learning framework .
0	We rst show that ( 19 ) implies ( 20 ) .
1	This includes an exponential separation between ACs with and without determinism ; completeness and incompleteness results ; and tractability results ( or lack thereof ) when computing most probable explanations ( MPEs ) .
0	In Proceedings of the conference on Human Language Technology and Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing .
1	keywords : Extremum Problem ; Ant Colony Optimization ( ACO )
0	For the Mandarin system the network outputs simplified Chinese characters .
1	However for some pair of languages there is a considerable lack of them .
0	The limitation with the DP formulation is the amount of memory available to store the DP score and indicator matrices .
1	This optimal approach is costly but can be applied to precompute an optimal repair strategy for compact systems .
0	The segmentation scripts first partitioned the datasets into a development set for optimizing parameters and an evaluation set for computing the performance measures of the optimized models .
1	It amounts to exploring a state space of planning domains typically modeled as a directed graph .
0	Loss Models I in major course sequences as in Table 4 .
1	Both these structures do not require the generation of all the subsets of the reference domain .
0	The result follows because linear programming can be solved in polynomial time .
1	This implies that the data points with higher total similarity tend to get crowded around the display center .
0	The training documents and testing documents in the top 10 categories are shown in Table 3 .
1	This paper gives a simplified definition of chain graphs based on a hierarchical combination of Bayesian ( directed ) and Markov ( undirected ) networks .
0	First we focus on a simpler setting where we know exactly which objects are F and which objects are not F ( e.g .
1	We demonstrate how to determine the precise level in a hierarchy with the optimal tradeoff between profit and generalization using structural profit maximization .
0	We assume that if the user chooses one of the recommended resources ( e.g .
1	The main theoretical developments related to transduction were presented by Vapnik more than twenty years ago .
0	The word level edit distance between the ground truth and the aligned transcription is used to produce a good or bad label .
1	Instead all tested graphs of 100 to 1500 vertices are easily solved .
0	This can be explained from two different points of view .
1	The SKYSET entities contain conceptual units or phrases that represent information from the original source documentation .
0	( 37 ) The inequality ( 37 ) follows from Corollary 8 .
1	We present four novel approximation algorithms for finding triangulation of minimum treewidth .
0	The cepstral mean normalization ( CMN ) was employed to reduce the channel effect .
1	They generate a partitioning of the state space and thus the function .
0	An algorithm that makes use of this observation is given in Algorithm 1 .
1	It separates knowledge gathering from the conceptualisation and also separates the user from the standard ontology authoring environments .
0	2A directed cycle is a closed walk with no repetitions of edges .
1	A separation criterion for reading independency statements from a chain graph is formulated in a simpler way .
0	The design of the estimator in Equation ( 1 ) is not explicitly minimizing this risk functional .
1	Specifically ISGD leverages techniques in Statistical Process Control to identify a undertrained batch .
0	If the candidate action is a labeling action then it is passed to the environment unchanged ( and the episode terminates ) .
1	Morphological inflection generation is the task of generating the inflected form of a given lemma corresponding to a particular linguistic transformation .
0	The edges connect the neighboring vertices and are associated with weights corresponding to the story similarities ( the edge thickness shows the story similarities ) .
1	During offline stage the goal is to find desired trajectory using evolutionary computation and saving it as a trajectory plan .
0	The formal description and the implementation of the method would be our future challenge .
1	Our model can aptly detect different levels of topic information across corpus and such structure is further used for sentence selection .
0	We checked them with google map and believe such error is due to the minor mistakes of map at the border .
1	This paper constructs ontology using the tool named Protege version 4.0 and this also generates Resource Description Framework schema and XML scripts for using poultry ontology in web .
0	What is the size of distinguisher bounds that occur in practice ?
1	We present a novel user model that influences both item search and the questions asked during a conversation .
0	There are no ( conditional ) independencies between the Smokes ( x ) atoms .
1	We also point to a new framework for watching log files in a web browser that we release for use and further development by the RoboCup community .
0	Argument d satisfies this property ( it happens that this is the only choice ) .
1	This paper presents an image processing framework for fruit detection and counting using orchard image data .
0	See Section 4 for examples of such points and a theoretical analysis of the robustness .
1	We generalize our algorithm to work for the absolute distance instead of squared distance and to work for any Bregman Divergence as well .
0	The first module that we have extracted is the module from NCI ThesaurusM1 .
1	This necessitated the development of a modelling langua ge capable of expressing temporal and numeric properties of planning domains .
0	Its size is the same as the size of the transition probabilities matrix .
1	The ROSS method is a new approach in the area of knowledge representation that is useful for many artificial intelligence and natural language understanding representation and reasoning tasks .
0	The sigmoid function is used as the activation function for each node in the hidden layer .
1	This is done by using recent approaches to probabilistic default reasoning with conditional constraints .
0	The information set itself does not really capture the actual indistinguishability of the player .
1	The events are represented by enabling conditions and probabilities of occurrence .
0	More details of the interface can be found in the appendix .
1	We have tested our algorithm on a small database of utility functions in a prenatal diagnosis domain and the results are quite promising .
0	Let I and J be sets of atoms and P an LPOD .
1	In this paper we show how the obtained savings is considerably increased when the computations performed on the LIMID is according to the Lazy Evaluation scheme .
0	This extended technique is called Recursive Model Rotation : it is summarized in a CSP version in Algorithm 1 .
1	These applications exhibit strong diminishing returns : Redundancy decreases the marginal utility of each ad or information source .
0	We are not aware of any work in the literature tackling any of these aspects .
1	We represent constraints on decisions by allowing relevance arrows into decision nodes .
0	We also find a surprising connection between the momentum SGD and the EASGD method with a negative moving average rate .
1	Our experiments demonstrate that the proposed method performs better than existing feature selection approaches while keeping similar running times and computational complexity .
0	The models were trained for 50 epochs and the parameters from the epochs with the best dev set log prob were used for decoding .
1	Parameter tuning is recognized today as a crucial ingredient when tackling an optimization problem .
0	Proof : Let p be the probability that a random operator can solve a random conformant planning instance under the variable model .
1	They provide alternatives to approximate inference methods based on stochastic sampling or search .
0	Again we use Kolmogorov Complexity for our collective intelligence measure .
1	The symbolic polynomial words enable the detection of similar local patterns by assigning the same words to similar polynomials .
0	Formula ( 4 ) is helpful in understanding the concept of the cost function for structured DNN in Subsection 2.3.2 .
1	We then use this value determination algorithm as a subroutine in a policy iteration process .
0	Table 4 gives the final comparison between different models ( we only list the MAP score because it is the official score for the challenge ) .
1	The computational complexity of checking whether a fair assignment exists is studied systematically for the fairness notions .
0	The k returned in step 3 e. is the value for that fold to which the predictions are to be averaged to .
1	We argue that we should not try to formulate modular default rules that are presumed to work in all or most circumstances .
0	The frequent itsemset density specifies the probability of each line containing one of the intentional frequent itemsets .
1	We present a WSD system that bridges the gap between these two so far disconnected groups of methods .
0	A measurable space is a set of values equipped with a collection of measurable subsets ; these measurable sets generalize the events of discrete probability .
1	The algorithm has been tested in the validation of temperature sensors of a power plant .
0	The language models used are those described in Section 3.8 .
1	We present a new approach to the solution of decision problems formulated as influence diagrams .
0	The performance is evaluated according to the trial number needed to successfully balance the pole .
1	The results illustrate that our method outperforms all the other baselines that are most popular clustering methods .
0	The following propositions show that there is a close relationship between most consistent models of MDB and the preferred repairs of DB .
1	This work introduces a data mining approach to the problem without using vast psychological background .
0	Once a cloze question has been formed we select an appropriate article as a passage .
1	This is achieved through the extraction of scene description graphs ( SDGs ) from visual scenes using an automatically constructed knowledge base .
0	This is not accurate in modeling speech prosody that is highly related with both past and future contexts .
1	Experiments demonstrate that both rules are often difficult to manipulate in practice .
0	Text mining is sometimes used as a component for general data mining and statistical analysis .
1	Spoken dialogue systems promise efficient and natural access to a large variety of information sources and services from any phone .
0	We propose greedy maximization of normalized association via an agglomerative hierarchical clustering .
1	The performance of the proposed algorithm is comparable to spectral approaches in terms of minimizing normalized cut .
0	Correctness : A shield works correctly if for every trace s0a0s1a1 .
1	Information about user preferences plays a key role in automated decision making .
0	In the following sections we report results on the test set only .
1	We consider a partially observable Markov decision problem ( POMDP ) that models a class of sequencing problems .
0	We collected a list of anaphoric adverbs based on Teleman et al .
1	Recent attempts to bridge this gap leaded to development of the Representational MDL principle that originates from formal decomposition of the task of induction .
0	We first generated a manual mapping of SNOMED CT concepts to the medical concepts in the VCM ontology .
1	We also show that ordered representations are a promising way to learn adaptive compression for efficient online data reconstruction .
0	The first step is to remove constructs that we treat as syntactic sugar in the definition of a domain .
1	The regularization ability of the DPPN allows it to rediscover ( approximate ) convolutional network architectures embedded within a fully connected architecture .
0	The operational semantics of logic programs are considered a way of describing the meaning of the programs procedurally .
1	Some other feature weighting methods are reviewed in order to give some context and then the different existing extensions to the original algorithm are explained .
0	Majors have a high threshold and will only perform this task if the pheromones indicate a high urge to do so .
1	Our project attempts to develop such a measure in terms of short or intermediate length performance .
0	The assertion ( b ) follows immediately by ( a ) .
1	The Complete Tang Poems ( CTP ) is the most important source to study Tang poems .
0	It is important that a single unsatisfied clause is selected at each step and that a single variable within the clause is adjusted as it is this that leads to the algorithm behaving as a random walk [ 23 ] .
1	Finding the answers for questions in FB20 requires complex reasoning .
0	Lemma 3 The forward sweep procedure constructs the most preferred outcome in Comp ( z ) .
1	We detail how ontology merging can be used for composition which expedites the whole process .
0	Our approach of Activity Modeling consists of two phases 1 ) to extract the frequent patterns of activities using frequent pattern mining 2 ) modeling the frequent activity patterns identified .
1	One of the most difficult speech recognition tasks is accurate recognition of human to human communication .
0	This section defines the ASHACL constraint components along with their parameters and how they participate in validation .
1	The system is based on the belief calculus of subjective Bayesian probability which itself is based on a few simple assumptions about how belief should be manipulated .
0	These modified background models were proposed to satisfy marginal constraints of interpolating a single background model to 68 CHAPTER 4 .
1	We analyze the semantic properties of the new entailment relations .
0	The energy released in this DA is added to the energy of the environment .
1	Refinement is a powerful mechanism for mastering the complexities that arise when formally modelling systems .
0	This message also includes the height of the tree which will be used later on by each node to define the amount of information that it must store .
1	A new approach called SKYSET ( Synthetic Knowledge Yield Social Entities Translation ) is proposed to validate completeness and to reduce ambiguity from written instructional documentation .
0	The data set is available on UCI web site [ 48 ] .
1	The intuition can only act as a support for an ongoing logic based model that processes all the steps in a sequential manner .
0	The IDF scores are computed for each language based on its aligned documents with the English Wikipedia .
1	I devised the weakly supervised approach in order to deal with difficult text specifically .
0	We define the mean posterior of Qfinal conditioned on M and the average posterior distribution as follows .
1	These methods generally concentrate on the interpretability of the visualization and pay little attention to the interpretability of the projection axes .
0	The first case study considered is based on an ODE model involving interactions between tumour cells and generic effector cells .
1	The fundamental idea underlying ZAP is that many problems passed to such engines contain rich internal structure that is obscured by the Boolean representation used ; our goal is to define a representation in which this structure is apparent and can easily be exploited to improve computational performance .
0	Virtual evidence was first defined in [ 17 ] as a way to depict evidence in a Bayesian network using the mechanism of hidden variables .
1	The program counted equivalence classes for models up to and including 10 vertices .
0	The text corpus consisted of legal cases under 78 law categories .
1	An MEBN implicitly specifies a probability distribution in terms of a hierarchically structured collection of Bayesian network fragments that together encode a joint probability distribution over arbitrarily many interrelated hypotheses .
0	Different material types need different heating and the task is to select the parts that can be treated together and distribute them into the oven so that their required heating profiles are taking care of .
1	Qualitative probabilistic networks have been introduced as qualitative abstractions of Bayesian belief networks .
0	Initialize cur best as the phrase P and Score as the score of P according to language model .
1	Perhaps more desirable would be a uniform procedure for mapping plans to general structures supporting inference based on uncertain and incomplete observations .
0	These interactions were previously studied in Dota 2 [ 12 ] .
1	We introduce globally normalized convolutional neural networks for joint entity classification and relation extraction .
0	Suppose that two players play a game G ( not necessarily identical interest ) repeatedly .
1	We propose an algorithm for selecting direction numbers for Sobol sequence .
0	M is a possibilistic answer set of P if and only if M is a possibilistic stable model of P .
1	The data has been taken from a poorly trained Machine Translation system .
0	4 ) A negative quantifier is realized by binding the initial default location nowhere back to the given actor .
1	We propose a system that automates the process of generation of derivative nouns as per the rules in Astadhyayi .
0	The connections between Wikipedia content and local experts pass through a shared pivot ontology .
1	We will see that a reasonable number of them is expressible within such computationally efficient language .
0	The first condition assumes that the variables on any given data instance are marginally independent of the variables of any other data instance .
1	We gained much increase in speed on platforms using multithreaded processors with shared memory free access .
0	The model generates a mapping with certain probability that can predict a sequence of states .
1	One important feature of the proposed system is that its hardware can directly be trained using the Hebbian learning rule and without the need to any optimization .
0	Consider a corporate analyst who was hired to identify which employees are effective and productive for some organization .
1	We argue that the introduced task is difficult due to i ) the large number of variations in profile pictures and ii ) the noise in attractiveness labels .
0	This has been stated as Theorem 2 in [ 17 ] and Proposition 8.1 in [ 14 ] .
1	We give evidence for the truth of this hypothesis through experimental findings related to tools for artificial decision making .
0	We assume that the sender and receiver share the grammar for encoding the message .
1	Two motivating cases are discussed : modelling of source reliability and application to temporal discounting .
0	Assume that its parent p belongs to the same rectangle .
1	The study of phase transition phenomenon of NP complete problems plays an important role in understanding the nature of hard problems .
0	14The single best solvers determined according to the other evaluation measures described here are presented in the detailed experimental results on the ASlib web page ; the results were qualitatively similar .
1	Preliminary experimental results also show that the critical point coincides with the theoretical derivation .
0	The AUC for the best distribution is underlined and displayed below the corresponding data point .
1	In this class the modus ponens generating function fulfiling to the property of strict monotonicity of conclusions is introduced .
0	Find the training samples which were misclassified by the Bayesian DT ensemble and then remove them from the training data .
1	AThe paper gives a few arguments in favour of the use of chain graphs for description of probabilistic conditional independence structures .
0	The advantage of this approach is that clusters of arbitrary shapes can be identified .
1	These issues result in substantial user dissatisfaction which may eventually cause the users to abandon the service .
0	In order to compare human judgement on quality of 2D views of labeled data to automated measures we chose ten measures from various fields of machine learning and visual analytics .
1	Our model is trained with only few hundred labeled sentences and does not rely on further external knowledge .
0	The task allocation problem is another important issue in collective intelligence .
1	The main contributions are in finding a relationship between logical and probabilistic notions of evidential reasoning .
0	false ) : the True node with no implied literal ( resp .
1	We consider scenarios in which this effect arises in a model of rational decision making which includes the possibility of deceptive information .
0	Mixed : If both males and females appear in the picture .
1	We demonstrate that our ensemble model can outperform the individual models .
0	When presenting a novel data item to the network the network starts off in a location on this landscape .
1	We investigate the application of classification techniques to utility elicitation .
0	the mark given by each piece of knowledge and the effectiveness mark ) .
1	Artifact systems are a novel paradigm for specifying and implementing business processes described in terms of interacting modules called artifacts .
0	The concept of this chapter is work out and published through two conference papers ( Appendices A and B ) .
1	Chain graphs combine directed and undirected graphs and their underlying mathematics combines properties of the two .
0	In other words we can only expect from these systems their displaying of a best effort strategy .
1	Our experiments suggest that approximate MPE decoders can be good competitors to the approximate belief updating decoders .
0	These traversals show up in the total node count and interior node count ( not shown ) .
1	The technique enables practitioners to improve hBOA efficiency by collecting statistics from probabilistic models obtained in previous hBOA runs and using the obtained statistics to bias future hBOA runs on similar problems .
0	A new host CS1 is added to the network as user knowledge on which SY1 runs .
1	In this paper we extend the influence diagram ( ID ) representation for decisions under uncertainty .
0	However this level of inaccuracy will be intrinsic in all approaches .
1	A model may inadvertently and implicitly store some of its training data ; careful analysis of the model may therefore reveal sensitive information .
0	As before the bootstrap filter is unable to perform meaningful inference .
1	The performance of a Statistical Machine Translation System ( SMT ) system is proportionally directed to the quality and length of the parallel corpus it uses .
0	A recent overview of CF approaches can be found in [ Ekstrand et al .
1	One issue we face when reasoning with many available knowledge bases is that at times needed information is missing .
0	We first give an overview of the Poisson Dirichlet Process ( PDP ) as it is the foundation of PYTM .
1	Both the algorithms have low computational time and high convergence speed .
0	In this section a number of facets of the family variable polytope are identified and certain properties of facets are given .
1	We address this shortcoming and show how a recently developed reactive ASP system can be harnessed to provide appropriate reasoning capacities within a robotic system .
0	The association rule clearly concludes that the students who have Personal problem were more prone to dropouts in comparison to Family problem and Institutional problem .
1	This is contrasted to the conventional measure for probabilities as well as to the proposed measure of possibilities .
0	We next visualize the semantics captured by the initial clustering step which gives us the surrogate labels to train on .
1	We also used our fuzzy RCC implementation for fuzzification of the skyline operator in spatial databases .
0	We therefore conclude that the graphical EM algorithm is as e cient as a specialzed EM algorithm for singly connected Bayesian networks .
1	This paper introduces a formulation of CNNs on graphs in the context of spectral graph theory .
0	A Bayesian game is obtained from a game in informational form by adding a probability distribution over the pairs of signals as described in Figure 2 .
1	We found the infinitesimal scheme to be as good as the numerical scheme in identifying the true fault .
0	1 ) Selection : Selecting the parents for crossover operation is another important step of the GA algorithm that improves the average fitness of the population in the next generation .
1	In this paper we study the performance of the PS agent further in more complicated scenarios .
0	Axiom 1 states that consistent pairwise comparison matrices are identified by a unique real value of inconsistency .
1	The distinction between strong negation and default negation has been useful in answer set programming .
0	The key technical difficulty we have to confront can be explained by reconsidering Example 2.1 in the more formal context that we have now developed .
1	The difference in instantiation order in the influence diagrams is reflected in the corresponding junction trees by the order in which the chance nodes are marginalized .
0	We propose next our generalization of Lehmer codes to partial rankings .
1	We tested our online systems on geographically spread sixteen different language groups of the world and show that the Online PMI system ( Pointwise Mutual Information ) outperforms a HMM based system and two linguistically motivated systems : LexStat and ALINE .
0	The linguistic quality evaluation reveals that the high ROUGE scores of this summarization system are at the cost of readability loss .
1	We show that the additional constraints do not change the notion of the consistency of a database .
0	Ri and Hi could be helpful in tasks such as calculating emoji similarity and emoji sense disambiguation .
1	one knows how many ravens or how many black things there are ( in the relevant population ) .
0	We utilize the approach taken in [ 12 ] as our starting feature extraction procedure .
1	Approximate computation enables an agent to find the best satisfactory solution within a deadline .
0	We enumerate the 2D layers like shown in Figure 4 .
1	Previous comparative work has shown that Modern Arabic is one of the most difficult languages to parse due to rich morphology and free word order .
0	Given all conflicting sets ( or only part of them after filtering ) we need to determine which set of mappings should be removed .
1	This architecture faithfully approximates the exact structured sparse codes with a fraction of the complexity of the standard optimization methods .
0	CNNs are suitable for RE since a relation is usually expressed by the semantics of a whole phrase or sentence .
1	There exist two general forms of exact algorithms for updating probabilities in Bayesian Networks .
0	We are provided with a graph with nodes and the respective edges between the nodes .
1	BMNNs have been demonstrated to be effective on binary classification tasks with Expectation BackPropagation ( EBP ) algorithm on high dimensional text datasets .
0	Linear value function approximation is a potentially more expressive approximation method because it can assign unique values to every state in an MDP without requiring storage space that is exponential in the number of state variables .
1	These properties hold even if an adversary can not only query the student but also inspect its internal workings .
0	The learnt weights consist of a combination of edge and colour filters .
1	We propose 3 effort knobs that operate at different levels of granularity viz .
0	We positively count all defenders and negatively count all attackers .
1	The ratio of number of classes to ADGs appears to approach an asymptote of about 0.267 .
0	In this situation removing the outlier annotations and performing consensus voting appears to be more stable .
1	The aim of this paper is to challenge the current theories on opinion by putting forward a cognitively grounded model where opinions are described as specific mental representations whose main properties are put forward .
0	NuMVC0 selects the vertex pair with the greatest benefit to exchange .
1	In the cellular manufacturing the fundamental problem is the formation of part families and machine cells .
0	These two sets of rules form the initial seed lexicon for learning .
1	The proposed methods are used for selecting the most informative Gabor features of face images for recognition and the experimental results on benchmark face databases demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods .
0	We also added customizations to the solver to support unit sweeping during training .
1	As a consequence the expert will usually have an incentive to misreport her forecast to influence the choice of the decision maker if typical scoring rules are used .
0	( 8 ) This representation could be fed to a standard classifier to perform any supervised computer vision task .
1	The policy by solving is then used for generating more experience that helps in updating the posterior over the model parameters .
0	A Euclidean distance measure is used to find the closeness between each training set data and test data .
1	The resulting questions and answers can be used to assess reading comprehension in educational settings .
0	This can be necessary for cleaning data before downstream processing .
1	They compile a relational probability model into a target circuit on which many inference queries can be answered efficiently .
0	All of the methods provide an OOSE scheme which is independent of the manifold learning algorithm .
1	Operation management problems ( such as Production Planning and Scheduling ) are represented and formulated as optimization models .
0	It is unclear if Levy and Goldberg [ 2 ] used it .
1	This allows firstly to follow the objects temporal evolution and secondly to increase the reliability of environment perception .
0	Muggleton ( 2001 ) presents a theoretical study in the Bayesian framework where the distribution of functions and examples are assumed to be known .
1	It achieves this by modeling the underlying and unknown performance and constraint functions as Gaussian processes .
0	Each of the problem set elements shows a representation of such a question or problem .
1	Our results demonstrate that the robustness factor governs the degree of risk embodied in the conditional plans computed by our algorithm .
0	Theorem 15 uses a very strong criterion : it requires that one single algorithm can handle all instances .
1	Imitation can be viewed as a means of enhancing learning in multiagent environments .
0	The same representation is used for the question q and answer a .
1	Lifting attempts to speed up probabilistic inference by exploiting symmetries in the model .
0	The relation trcl ( RT ) is asymmetric ( which clearly implies that RT is asymmetric too ) .
1	We provide a general sequence of a TDD process for ontology engineering as a foundation for a TDD methodology .
0	Evan and Seth are each able to pass one assessment but not the other .
1	The experimental results showed promising performance and effectiveness of its generalization to different TV series .
0	In order to discover these two types of paths we introduce the concept of neighborhood .
1	Sensory inference under conditions of uncertainty is a major problem in both machine learning and computational neuroscience .
0	Finally I will describe the problem statement and objective of this paper .
1	Individuals on social media may reveal themselves to be in various states of crisis ( e.g .
0	pn ) is the name and actual parameters of the action to be executed at that point in time .
1	MaxEnt has frequently been criticized on the grounds that it leads to highly representation dependent results .
0	It is important that the new individual should be assigned as the member of only the concept whose definition has to be found .
1	We compare our architecture with binary classifiers based on string similarity measures on different language families .
0	The series of Figure 1 is a segment from the GAITPD dataset .
1	This paper analyzes independence concepts for sets of probability measures associated with directed acyclic graphs .
0	This strategy has shown effective in dealing with imbalanced data in ( Chen et al .
1	We consider the problem of learning good trajectories for manipulation tasks .
0	Such partially instantiated models constitute historical preconditions on the target model ( see Figure 7 ) .
1	This dictionary can be used for both standardizing the written form when inserting a new name into a database and for searching for the name and all its alternative written forms .
0	We say that a module S is equivalent to a theory T in some logic if the models of S coincide with the models of T .
1	This way does not depend on the choice of a particular Bayesian network from the class of equivalent networks and seems to be the most efficient way from the point of view of memory demands .
0	The assertion of the lemma is immediate from this discussion .
1	Then we use this model based on the weather forecast data to predict the green energy availability in the future .
0	One of them is with the Boolean scale of question nodes and the other is with the numeric scale .
1	Empirical results demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of the proposed method .
0	And we assume that the branching number of the leaves is 1 .
1	The intersection of the semantic web and WS allows the development of semantic WS .
0	It is therefore important that the message format for the out rosoclingo topic allows the interface components to easily parse the messages and discard those messages that are intended for a different component .
1	We explain why these queries pose significant practical challenges for the current ASP solvers .
0	1999 ] and one subset from LibraryThing dataset2 [ Clements et al .
1	PSO is based on the collective intelligence of a swam of particles .
0	We now have all the components at hand to understand and implement our first constraint .
1	The problem can be solved by training language models on language data .
0	The identity element 1 stands for the identity map on the set of all possible populations of rollouts .
1	No stochastic assumption is made on the generation process of relevances of items and contexts .
0	But does a DCNN trained with the RenderGAN data perform better than one trained on the limited amounts of real data ?
1	We conduct extensive experiments in both controlled and uncontrolled setups and show that our algorithm improves the state of the art both numerically and visually .
0	Figure 9 illustrates how a recharging and a digging action ( that consumes energy ) would interact under a conservative energy consumption model .
1	The experimental results are analyzed based on the existing theoretical work on the transient phase of forgetting factor RLS methods .
0	The set of tested problem instances contained instances that varied in the size of the grid and in the number of agents .
1	In this work we introduce a basic set of tasks that require agents to estimate properties such as mass and cohesion of objects in an interactive simulated environment where they can manipulate the objects and observe the consequences .
0	One experiment that attempted this kind of automation employed a robotic agent [ 13 ] .
1	Evaluation of design alternatives requires consideration of the impact of this uncertainty .
0	[ 8 ] show that the related Equivalence Class Determination Problem ( ECDP ) optimizes an adaptive submodular objective function and yields a similar logarithmic performance guarantee .
1	Planning as satisfiability is a principal approach to planning with many eminent advantages .
0	The number of hidden units per layer of the DBN is set the same as the number of visible units .
1	We study the connection between kappa calculus and probabilistic reasoning in diagnosis applications .
0	[ 34 ] to learn the discriminative loss function in conjunction with the GLN parameters .
1	Our algorithmic results also extend to the case of variable entitlements of agents .
0	We identified that the data level parallelism introduced in 8 Vina instances configuration yields the best results among all .
1	One of the main challenges for building the Semantic web is Ontology Authoring .
0	Shapes modifiers can be added to specify ( a ) a general pathological processes ( e.g .
1	The results are promising and confirm the idea to increase the dimension to the problem of the spatiality of the classes .
0	In case every such interpretation is a model for our attack formula we know that the formula is valid .
1	The algorithms use only a language model in the target language in order to correct the sentences .
0	The five committees differ only in how the data are preprocessed ( or not ) prior to training and on how the data are deformed during training .
1	Algorithm portfolio approaches have achieved remarkable improvements over single solvers .
0	Virtuoso performs rebalancing by moving responsibility and relevant data for certain virtual machines from one physical machine to another .
1	Our experimental results indicate that using the proposed decomposition improves the performance of the algorithm on most of the 21 ITC2007 test instances with respect to the quality of the best solution found and the average solution quality .
0	Such a model might be expressed by a semantic network formed out of nodes and connections .
1	The basic idea is to maintain decompositions of potentials and to postpone computations for as long as possible .
0	Momentum strikes in the direction of the accumulated gradient plus the current gradient .
1	The ability to capture time information is essential to many natural language processing and information retrieval applications .
0	This indicates that the primal and dual optimal values are equal to each other .
1	The same principle works also with local reference distances which are called elevations .
0	Each individual will contain a variable for each parameter and these are evolved using mutation and multipoint crossover .
1	Other issues pertaining to parameter tuning in the proposed context are also discussed .
0	In Section 5 we change the architecture of the MD LSTM cell and reduce it to the 1D LSTM cell so that the cell fulfills the two properties for any dimension .
1	BP can also be used to solve a special class of Linear Programming ( LP ) problems .
0	We also highlight certain equivalences for the special case of two agents .
1	This hardness result holds despite the fact that the problem is a restriction of the polynomially solvable problem of finding the optimal tree graphical model .
0	We also extend our model with additional features described in Table 2 .
1	The framework is illustrated using examples from the domain of military situation awareness .
0	17 follows from the moment generating function for the multinomial random variable Smt .
1	evaluating probabilities of complex boolean querie over a belief network .
0	The Taxi problem is a more complex version of grid world : each problem instances consists of a taxi and some number of passengers .
1	We formulate data imputation as an MDP and develop models capable of representing effective policies for it .
0	We allow the learner to ask a membership oracle MOracle [ I ] membership queries .
1	Empirical results strongly support our theory and justify the use of a broader family of structured matrices for scaling up kernel methods using random features .
0	The E means the set of entities and the R means the set of relations .
1	We also suggest a new procedure of selecting a single DT and describe an application scenario .
0	Then these literals whose predicate symbol is p are successively marked and placed at the beginning of the rule .
1	The information retrieval systems that are present nowadays are mainly based on full text matching of keywords or topic based classification .
0	The rating was on a continuous scale from 0 ( very easy ) to 1 ( very difficult ) with labels shown on table 12 .
1	It is a vital component of the way in which we as human beings operate on a day to day basis .
0	We define a PAR10 score of a solver on a set of instances to be the sum of its PAR10 scores on individual instances .
1	We provide sufficient conditions for completeness and present algorithms for testing these conditions and for computing a complete set of plausible values .
0	Our goal is to learn a stochastic controller for this system that implements an optimal ( or nearoptimal ) policy .
1	We argue that such analysis is necessary for placing new compilation approaches within the context of existing ones .
0	An element of the matrix is true if there is a queen on that square and false if it is empty .
1	Hybrid controller with efficient system modelling is essential to cope with the current challenges of process control in terms of control performance .
0	We say rewriting rule R1 and rewriting rule R2 are homomorphic to each other if and only if they have the same structure .
1	The proposed framework is flexible enough to deal with constrained and regularized variants of the optimization problem .
0	Odds ratio incorporates the target class information in its metric giving better results when compared to information gain for text categorization .
1	PMI is constructed based on the assumption that the unknown positive instances in positive bags be similar each other and constitute one compact cluster in feature space and the negative instances locate outside this cluster .
0	CANDIES comes along with a considerable amount of adjustable parameters .
1	A number of visual quality measures have been introduced in visual analytics literature in order to automatically select the best views of high dimensional data from a large number of candidate data projections .
0	Several measures have been developed for measuring similarity between two concepts in a taxonomy .
1	We present two approaches that use unlabeled data to improve sequence learning with recurrent networks .
0	From this ordering we extract a global ranking for courses .
1	The purpose of this paper is to study both theoretically and empirically the problem .
0	We arrive at Algorithm 1 to fit NNMs to measured data .
1	We describe an application of belief networks to the diagnosis of bottlenecks in computer systems .
0	Liberatore [ 39 ] shows sufficient conditions that should hold on A as well as on the reduction .
1	We have applied a fuzzy soft set similarity based classifier to enhance the accuracy to predict the stages among cancer genes and the informative genes are selected by using Entopy filtering .
0	( 2 ) Event selection : We use the output of the SRL module to extract the events that occur in a document .
1	Our formal understanding of the inductive bias that drives the success of convolutional networks on computer vision tasks is limited .
0	This may explain why TransA outperforms TransR although both TransA and TransR transform the entity space with matrices .
1	Our method uses the full power of the theorem prover and associated libraries to simplify conjectures ; this simplification can transform conjectures for which finding counterexamples is hard into conjectures where finding counterexamples is trivial .
0	as the maximizer of the likelihood Q 1 i T P ( x i j ) .
1	TimeML is a standard for annotating temporal information in natural language text .
0	1 State restoration is of course not limited to domains and may also be used to maintain incremental data structures or other components .
1	The mapping from input to output is learned with fixed semantics by training outcomes deliberately .
0	We now explain under what constraints actions can occur concurrently within a plan involving durative actions and numeric conditions and effects .
1	Several recent publications have proposed methods for mapping images into continuous semantic embedding spaces .
0	This type of information is also used in other parts of the communication between components .
1	We found that deep reinforcement learning methods can learn to perform the experiments necessary to discover such hidden properties .
0	Table 6 describes the relationship between the axioms characterizing the decision rules .
1	Many real life domains contain a mixture of discrete and continuous variables and can be modeled as hybrid Bayesian Networks .
0	The method presented by Zhang and Chiang [ 2014 ] sidesteps this issue by allowing weighting only at the level of sentences .
1	This article deals with Part family formation problem which is believed to be moderately complicated to be solved in polynomial time in the vicinity of Group Technology ( GT ) .
0	Defeaters in Defeasible Logic are a special kind of rules : they are used to prevent conclusions but not to support them .
1	Hence it can be applied to models for which the exactupdate step is intractable .
0	It consists of a tower of five blocks which can move freely in three dimensions .
1	The particular cases of finite sets and convex polytopes are considered .
0	A majority weighting system where each agent has the same weight .
1	The results obtained in terms of purity class ( i.e .
0	3.2 AdaBoost The AdaBoost [ 27 ] is a supervised learning algorithm designed to solve classification problems [ 28 ] .
1	We make use of belief functions to represent the influence of the knowledge at a given point to another point ; the quantitative strength of this influence decreases when the distance between both points increases .
0	combine the information from the examples provided by the two mentors with independent exploration of its own in order to solve the problem .
1	A complementary goal of this work is to understand and synthesize a disparate collection of research efforts all using the name ? probabilistic temporal reasoning . ?
0	In the former section we described how multiplications can be eliminated from the forward pass .
1	Developing accurate predictive models of sensory neurons is vital to understanding sensory processing and brain computations .
0	The training data containing the trajectory of each individual vehicle is used to train the single LSTM .
1	The first is an Occam bound which handles rules with finite precision parameters and which states that generalization loss is near training loss when the number of bits needed to write the rule is small compared to the sample size .
0	The sole difference between relational paths ( Definition 4.3 ) and simple relational paths is that no item class may appear more than once along the latter .
1	One subclass of human computation applications are those directed at tasks that involve planning ( e.g .
0	We will see how this can be done with a semantic check in the next section .
1	Only a few of these works considered the issue of automatic generation of control for improving the efficiency of logic programs .
0	LSTM based network learns when to let activation into the internal states of its cells and when to let the activation out .
1	Our results show that these must be chosen appropriately for this approach to be successful .
0	Such sets of rules become a single rule in B ? .
1	Qualitative probabilistic networks have been designed for probabilistic reasoning in a qualitative way .
0	This small dataset permits studying the behavior of our network in detail and to analyze the influence of each of the layers on the performance .
1	This work introduces the very first steps towards an integrated framework for designing and analyzing various computational tasks from learning to attention to action .
0	Our algorithmic focus will be on computing discrete assignments only even though concepts are defined using the framework of fractional assignments .
1	These will have an associated possibility distribution with behavior according to classical Possibility Theory .
0	The system does not know the constituting elements of the world .
1	Monte Carlo sampling has become a major vehicle for approximate inference in Bayesian networks .
0	These thresholds are a filtering mechanism that operates before priorities are computed ( the precise operation of these is beyond the scope of the present paper ) .
1	A novel marginal density estimator is introduced and shown both analytically and empirically to outperform standard estimators by several orders of magnitude .
0	2011b ) offer optimization statements to select an optimal stable model among the entire answer set .
1	Recently there has been a lot of interest in learning common representations for multiple views of data .
0	This is certainly true because X is one such U .
1	In some cases the simple set of values used by these systems make it impossible to predict how a probability will change or which hypothesis is most likely given certain evidence .
0	This view on the edge estimator now allows us to bring the selection of fw from the domain of human design to the domain of empirical risk minimization over F .
1	Research into statistical parsing for English has enjoyed over a decade of successful results .
0	Such systems su er from the expression accuracy and exibility .
1	Applying expert systems applications over the web and WAP requires a knowledge base representation that can be accessed simultaneously .
0	The salience of an ensemble is meaningful only in the context of the larger graph it is derived from .
1	This paper is devoted to an extension of the CSP framework enabling us to deal with some decisions problems under uncertainty .
0	This brought the computation time down from the order of days to the order of hours on very large ontologies .
1	Syntactic signature based detection can not cope with such growth and manual construction of malware signature databases needs to be replaced by computer learning based approaches .
0	To calculate the association between words in the latent topic space .
1	Ontology is an emerging technique in the current field of research in semantic environment .
0	Therefore we do not attempt to match the units to ones available in CDs .
1	For this it is necessary that coins can be recognized automatically .
0	The purpose of the SQuaRE series of standards is to assist developing and acquiring software products with the specification of quality requirements and evaluation .
1	In this paper we discuss application of the SPI local expression language to efficient inference in large BN2O networks .
0	The life cycles of models and composite states are more complex than those of facts .
1	This is in view of reducing the training size while retaining the majority of the symbolic learning potential .
0	An initial configuration is a word of the form b .
1	The class labels of test data and the interpolation function parameters are estimated jointly with a progressive procedure .
0	The progressive increase of the complexity of positions explored which appeared in simulation therefore also happens here .
1	EDA are a new tool for evolutionary computation in which populations of individuals are created by estimation and simulation of the joint probability distribution of the selected individuals .
0	The horn logic more commonly known the Horn clauses is a clause with at least one positive literal .
1	This leads to the limited performance of embedding related applications .
0	The term point refers to the conceptualization of an event as instantaneous and representable as a point on the time line .
1	Most of the previous work for MIL assume that the training bags are fully labeled .
0	How much does the utility of clustering depend on the predictor used ?
1	that ability to generate good solutions within the limited number of evaluations available in interactive work before humans lose focus .
0	The left scene in Figure 16 shows an example our grouping composer handles without a problem .
1	This operator can be used as an extension to commonly employed search strategies .
0	high ) child of v1 must be equivalent to the one represented by low ( resp .
1	Without these assumptions the sequences of operations that achieve the goals depend on the initial state and the outcomes of nondeterministic changes in the system .
0	P ( rn ) is the precision measured at rank rn and R is the total number of relevant candidates for a particular query q .
1	The program also includes a new variation of orderly algorithm for generating undirected graphs .
0	The phrase quality score of a particular phrase is computed as the proportion of all decision trees that predict that phrase is a quality phrase .
1	We empirically demonstrate the performance of our algorithms on simulated and real world datasets .
0	In prolonged state of lacking success there is the risk that the modeler can not successfully trace satisfactions to internal resources or capabilities .
1	We describe the various challenges faced along the game and also propose a discrete model that can be used to better understand and explore the game .
0	This principle is also aligned with how data is delivered at model repositiories .
1	TCC 2006 ] can be used as a mathematical tool for guaranteeing generalization in adaptive data analysis .
0	Definition of Single Valued Neutrosophic Underset ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 24 3 .
1	We obtain many formal results that generalize the case where possibility and necessity functions are based on classical logic .
0	We show that one of the conditions in Definition 5 holds .
1	We introduce a new approach that allows for the flexible manipulation of the tradeoff between the quality of the learned networks and the amount of information that is maintained about past observations .
0	The renderer does produce colour variations in objects due to different angles and distances from light sources and the camera .
1	In this work we propose a novel model based on Artificial Neural Networks to answer questions with multiple answers by exploiting multiple facts retrieved from a knowledge base .
0	add all facts from a particular fact class as active assumptions beforehand .
1	We find that the technique can make incremental pruning run several orders of magnitude faster .
0	The adoption of views avoids introducing auxiliary variables and propagators for every subexpression .
1	Functional models are of a fundamental importance for the general weight of evidence proposed in this paper .
0	Proposition 3 Let P be a normal program and V a valuation .
1	Many of the artificial intelligence techniques developed to date rely on heuristic search through large spaces .
0	The results shown are for the best individual found according to the fMO metric averaged over 50 runs .
1	These results extend and complete the ones already published by the authors .
0	Cluster is a collection of data objects that are similar to on one another .
1	Our basic idea is that an argument is all the more acceptable if it can be preferred to its attackers .
0	The parameter vector with the best median19 ( over the five estimates ) was selected for training the algorithm over the entire training sequence .
1	We used the architecture of a stable GAN to make predictions between driving scenes using key presses .
0	We use the idea of a distributed state representation in our HMM to express the difference between a query and a target .
1	( b ) The failures of the system components are independent .
0	More detail may be found in BK ( Section 3.5 ) .
1	We leverage on the representational power of convolutional neural networks to compute these geometric quantities .
0	With these constraints for the parameters we now can define a new cell type .
1	Each essential graph is then converted into a directed acyclic graph and scored using a Bayesian scoring metric .
0	We have discussed that ensemble learning might be beneficial in terms of performance .
1	It is based on fuzzy constraints represented as fuzzy geometric relations that can be hierarchically structured .
0	The utilized evolutionary path planners are able to generate a collision free path that can satisfy the conditions of the proposed problem .
1	We address this issue by proposing a novel sequence level training algorithm that directly optimizes the BLEU score : a popular metric to compare a sequence to a reference .
0	We can view a path in the graph AMS as a description of a process of search for a model of module S by applying transition rules .
1	( i ) ABCNN can be applied to a wide variety of tasks that require modeling of sentence pairs .
0	In Figure 4 ( b ) we perform the same analysis in the case where Bidder 2 is not present in the auction and Figure 4 ( c ) shows the same analysis when Bidder 1 is not present in the auction .
1	We describe an algorithm for computing the LogOP with time complexity comparable to that of exact Bayesian inference .
0	Transforming data is standard practice for correcting model assumptions in statistical modeling .
1	We start by comparing two methods of generating such visualizations .
0	A linear statistical model was applied to optimize the feature templates .
1	Computerized adaptive testing ( CAT ) is an interesting and promising approach to testing human abilities .
0	The classification error is shown as it is easier to analyse and visualise the training of the models .
1	The emphasis of the model is on the combination of individual word meanings to produce meanings for complex referring expressions .
0	The data for vertical movements 50m and 100m with a single turn are shown in tables III and IV .
1	Our discussion of competitive safety analysis for decentralized load balancing is further developed to deal with many communication links and arbitrary speeds .
0	; we refer to the collection of weights for all modules together as W .
1	For predicting the wind energy we first analyze the historical data to find a statistical model that gives relation between wind energy and weather attributes .
0	Over a decade ago it was sufficient to roughly group novelty detection approaches into two classes : either statistical ( cf .
1	This is an encouraging result compared to that of English and can be served as a strong baseline for future development of Vietnamese SMS spam prevention systems .
0	A major strength of using this metamodeling approach is that models are concisely represented by metamodels .
1	The second version allows the exact computation of Nash equilibria at the expense of weakened complexity bounds .
0	The split graph module checks for documents whose temporal graphs contain sets disconnected TLINKs .
1	Our framework thus opens the door for much faster experimentation on demanding problem domains .
0	Their claim is that most entity linking choices are easy in the correct context .
1	Emerging ontology authoring methods to add knowledge to an ontology focus on ameliorating the validation bottleneck .
0	Only a subset of these attributes need to be assigned to the newly created instance immediately after creation .
1	The BN inference problems induced by the mew method are much easier to solve than those induced by the two previous methods .
0	We do not list separate results for the utterances employing colour terms because colour terms are not a source of errors ( due to the synthetic nature of the vision system ) .
1	The paper describes some basic approaches to detection of bottlenecks in composite ( modular ) systems .
0	A problem with the previous GP system [ 17 ] was that calculating the fitness of an individual based only on the score achieved by the agent can be misleading .
1	The computational mechanisms by which nonlinear recurrent neural networks ( RNNs ) achieve their goals remains an open question .
0	To find an adequate heuristic estimate for parallel plans is not easy .
1	The advance of Internet and Sensor technology has brought about new challenges evoked by the emergence of continuous data streams .
0	We call this a position encoding ( PE ) representation .
1	The algorithm reduces the search space by many orders of magnitude over what was previously thought possible .
0	clustering using both textual and visual information from all news stories in the dataset .
1	No exact inference algorithm has been proposed for these enhanced CLG networks .
0	By using two identical copies of the same network sharing weights to process these two curves we are able to extract geometric invariance by using a loss function to require that the two arms of the Siamese configuration must produce values that are minimally different for curves which are related by Euclidean transformations representing positive examples and maximally different for carefully constructed negative examples .
1	We present PULCinella and its use in comparing uncertainty theories .
0	The effective RF of an AL unit in the feature maps of the previous layer expands when the iteration number increases .
1	Hence both types of networks can be combined allowing to integrate probabilistic rules as well as unspecified associations in a sound way .
0	It is based on a grammar editor with an interpreter for rapid prototyping and a language agnostic debugger for isolating grammar errors .
1	Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) is a powerful modelling formalism that is very efficient in solving combinatorial problems .
0	The only requirement ( due to our optimization method ) is that the loss function is smooth .
1	The paper considers the class of information systems capable of solving heuristic problems on basis of formal theory that was termed modal and vector theory of formal intelligent systems ( FIS ) .
0	We solve the power normalization problem by using some statistics from our training set to perform an adaptive normalization of speech inputs during online transcription .
1	These theories also allow the fusion of numerical as well as symbolic data .
0	Other formats for representing missing values were tested ( e.g .
1	This paper describes a new approach allowing the generation of a simplified Biped gait .
0	Testing Learnability : We experiment with different USS algorithms on the synthetic dataset .
1	Avoiding collisions is one of the vital tasks for systems of autonomous mobile agents .
0	DCG is a weighted version of Cumulative Gain ( CG ) .
1	We demonstrate how simple transformation of the time series can often solve problems of this type and argue that the evaluation of the plausibility of a relationship is important in this context .
0	Once again we discretized the number of possible speed and heading values .
1	The pruning method for decision trees suggests a slight variant of decision trees that we call scenario trees .
0	This creates a new class as a subclass of the selected class Thing .
1	The method provides guidance to designers about how they can best improve the system .
0	A slow weight layer in the base learner is extended with its corresponding fast weights for rapid generalization .
1	This paper studies further the application of repeat degree on coverings of neighborhoods .
0	Dependency labels : Table 3 presents LAS scores for the most frequent dependency labels .
1	It uncovers implicit relations between concepts by mining for their associations in target encyclopedic corpora .
0	Because the cost of actions ( different from NOP ) is uniform any value set to GR ( gi ) is suitable to solve the problems .
1	This task was previously solved by sharing parameters across cliques .
0	The trees can also be thought of as team members or agents .
1	We find that incremental pruning is presently the most efficient exact method for solving POMDPs .
0	In its statement we refer to the concept of a program entailing a formula .
1	This paper introduces new heuristic and exact methods to solve this problem .
0	A set of sample training pairs are given in Table.1 ( one from each action category in the training set ) .
1	We present an approach to the solution of decision problems formulated as influence diagrams .
0	27 v Correction of Noisy Natural Language Text is an important and well studied problem in Natural Language Processing .
1	The performance of the infinitesimal scheme worsens significantly for prior fault probabilities greater than 0.03 .
0	This is achieved by providing the agent with the ability to produce either an interaction action or a labeling action at every time step .
1	Our method can also be used to generate CTs for customised qualitative calculi defined on restricted domains .
0	The basic tenets in QSTR consist of constraint based reasoning algorithms over an infinite ( spatial ) domain to solve consistency problems in the context of spatial calculi .
1	A number of parallel and distributed approaches to search have considerably improved the performance of the search process .
0	An ontology network is a finite set N of import relations between ontologies .
1	We hope to make our code and datasets publicly available upon publication of the paper .
0	Assume for the sake of contradiction that Ha is a minimal tree projection of H1 w.r.t .
1	This paper presents a perfect method for object recognition with full boundary detection by combining affine scale invariant feature transform ( ASIFT ) and a region merging algorithm .
0	A firm can be viewed as a bundle of uncertain opportunities and liabilities .
1	Previous studies have concluded that the aggregate public mood collected from twitter may well be correlated with Dow Jones Industrial Average Index ( DJIA ) .
0	Formatting of the documents and production of associated data files was done in 1990 by David D. Lewis and Stephen Harding at the Information Retrieval Laboratory .
1	FPS is a sliding window based approach to discover the recent activity patterns over time from data streams .
0	Table 1 lists the various corpora used in the experiments and their sizes .
1	The human immune system has motivated scientists and engineers for finding powerful information processing algorithms that has solved complex engineering tasks .
0	Previous work on the semantics of disjunctive programs is discussed in Section 6.1 .
1	Persistent variables provide a canonical model of persistence according to which both the state of a variable and the causal mechanism dictating its value persist over time unless intervened upon by an action ( or its consequences ) .
0	The construction of the cost vectors above enables us to naturally handle multisets as cost values .
1	This matching of keywords often returns a large number of irrelevant information and this does not meet the users query requirement .
0	Each source of text violates the underlying assumptions of our probabilistic graphics program in different ways .
1	Many algorithms on natural graphs involve an Allreduce : a sum or average of partitioned data which is then shared back to the cluster nodes .
0	We conjecture that higher fluctuations lead to more exploration and simultaneously they also impose higher regularization .
1	We establish the competitiveness of our approach by empirically contrasting aspartame and sugar .
0	The set T is decided by the criterion used for training .
1	Our method consists of two parts : First we stochastically binarize weights to convert multiplications involved in computing hidden states to sign changes .
0	[ 13 ] the arguments were converted back into natural language and presented to the user as that is the presentation mechanism the expert deemed most suitable .
1	Bayesian averaging also allows experts to estimate the uncertainty accurately when a priori information on the favored structure of DTs is available .
0	Kakade and Tewari [ 10 ] proposed some properties of online learning algorithms if the loss function is Lipschitz and strongly convex .
1	This research deals with developing a novel reactive control architecture to provide a higher level of decision autonomy for the AUV operation that enables a single vehicle to accomplish multiple tasks in a single mission in the face of periodic disturbances in a turbulent and highly uncertain environment .
0	The second representation is an Extended Permutation ( XP ) inspired by the Travelling Salesman Problem ( TSP ) and Vehicle Routing Problem ( VRP ) ( Toth and Vigo 2001 ) .
1	Generating an article automatically with computer program is a challenging task in artificial intelligence and natural language processing .
0	Si realizamos los mismos experimentos sin recolocar a los agentes Good y Evil las recompensas obtenidas por el agente observador siempre resultan ligeramente superiores a cuando se realizaba el cambio de posiciones de Good y Evil .
1	We juxtapose these results with deep classification convolution networks and discuss advantages and disadvantages .
0	Let us say explicitly that this is the unique point where we use the functions fi .
1	The minimal structure of the rule ( with respect to the number of variables that must appear in the rule ) will be found by this algorithm .
0	A beneficial operation is a mission that covers maximum possible number of tasks in a manner that total obtained weight by a route and its travel time is maximized but not exceed the time threshold .
1	The concept of movable evidence masses that flow from supersets to subsets as specified by experts represents a suitable framework for reasoning under uncertainty .
0	This indicates that factors other than size appear to be important in determining whether planners can solve individual instances .
1	We present an algorithm which computes conditional plans of maximum expected utility .
0	One common way of dealing with this is to do feature selection .
1	In their nature configuration problems are combinatorial ( optimization ) problems .
0	The results for the human judgment experiments are presented in Table 1 .
1	We show how useful such an approach is by applying it to reasoning under uncertain and inconsistent information .
0	The proposed convnet architecture is similar in spirit to the attractiveness network presented in the previous section .
1	A pending theoretical question is then to analytically characterize parameter changes that do or do not matter .
0	Thus we are left with a recursive formula that yields a high degree polynomial .
1	Content based Document Classification is one of the biggest challenges in the context of free text mining .
0	Thus modifying the estimator to fit a different class of graphs ( e.g .
1	We introduce a neural machine translation model that views the input and output sentences as sequences of characters rather than words .
0	Main goal of the method is to predict the effort ( cost ) of the project under estimation ( target case ) using historical information from completed projects with known effort .
1	The idea of fully accepting statements when the evidence has rendered them probable enough faces a number of difficulties .
0	We extracted the articles using a modified version of Wikipedia Extractor 11 .
1	Our EAs alert the human controller when reported events threaten plan execution or physically threaten team members .
0	So there are some data that can be explained by the cooperative equilibrium under expected utility theory and without altruism .
1	In this way we transform Wikipedia into a search engine for experts .
0	They provide services which are called by the hooks mechanism .
1	To appear in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming ( TPLP ) .
0	Correspondence between the text and the lines is indicated by similar line types and boxes surrounding the text .
1	In our research we use Bayesian networks to create a model of tested humans .
0	The similarity scores are then used to rank the images in the database for the query .
1	The first is the ability to do all necessary operations and aggregations with information that is of a nonnumeric linguistic nature .
0	The nondeterminism of the algorithm occurs in the choice of variable on line 8 .
1	We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in the context of maximizing average precision for ranking problems .
0	The branch variables are set to FALSE on the left branch and TRUE on the right branch .
1	Extended resolution allows for literals expressing arbitrary logical concepts over existing variables to be introduced and can allow exponentially smaller proofs than general resolution .
0	For both initialization methods we also computed the true probability of the instantiations returned by pure hill climbing11 ( i.e .
1	There are few knowledge representation ( KR ) techniques available for efficiently representing knowledge .
0	This syntax is based on the standard syntax of extended disjunctive logic programs ( see Section 2.2 ) .
1	The use of the orientation variable has been included in the algorithm .
0	The improvement over CRF on German is almost a percent .
1	This paper presents the structure of our models and their efficient training algorithms .
0	The color histogram is calculated for region of each detected target as described in section 6.2 .
1	Recurrent neural networks are convenient and efficient models for language modeling .
0	Definition 3.18 A join tree of a tree projection of H1 w.r.t .
1	In this paper we propose the application of feature hashing to create word embeddings for natural language processing .
0	The other module within Pambush 2 contains the rules to control the agent and executes decisions based on these rules .
1	The first is a policy iteration algorithm that can outperform value iteration in solving infinitehorizon POMDPs .
0	We use convolutional neural networks to extract features from the game frames and then combine its output representation with game variables .
1	AND the relation BETWEEN their hand strengths AND betting behaviour .
0	A second way in which an observer can exploit its observations of the mentor is to focus attention on the states visited by the mentor .
1	This yields an extension of terminological logics towards the representation of uncertain knowledge which is satisfactory from a semantic as well as algorithmic point of view .
0	The corresponding lparse input file is shown in Figure 2 .
1	We introduce the Xapagy cognitive architecture : a software system designed to perform narrative reasoning .
0	Each range is sent to one of the neighbours ( or to self ) in the group .
1	We generalize our analysis to the case of clustering multiple related data sets through a similar asymptotic argument with the hierarchical Dirichlet process .
0	The validation subset is split into val1 and val2 in [ 7 ] .
1	Users not only use these websites but also give their feedback and suggestions that will be useful for other users .
0	We prove Theorem 5 in the rest of this subsection .
1	We describe a natural approach to updating in such a situation and a natural approach to determining the weights .
0	It is not common to compare the performance of a learning algorithm with a human expert or an expert system since in most cases it is clear that handcrafted algorithms would outperform automated learning processes .
1	A series of monte carlo studies were performed to compare the behavior of some alternative procedures for reasoning under uncertainty .
0	Detectors which respond to certain classification and identification features ( characteristics ) of structural elements of images and images in general .
1	One of the defining properties of deep learning is that models are chosen to have many more parameters than available training data .
0	o Proposition 3 GMSNP and MMSNP2 have the same expressive power .
1	Several variants and extensions to this problem have since been investigated to cover a wider set of applications .
0	[ 11 ] : it prevents the policy from changing too much due to noise in the policy gradient .
1	The paper is a second in a series of two papers evaluating the power of a new scheme that generates search heuristics mechanically .
0	The modified algorithm does not perform any cycle resolution on the merged table .
1	We present the results of a simple usability study that proves the value of the proposed tools .
0	Exploration from a random policy has too little chance of success .
1	Correct identification of the intended reference is an essential part of communication .
0	genetic knowledge that the choice of G is by chance and made from fa ; b ; og is expressed by specifying a joint distribution F b as follows .
1	Decentralized control of cooperative systems captures the operation of a group of decision makers that share a single global objective .
0	groups of objects referenced as if they were one object ) .
1	One of these criteria is to make a plan less constrained and the other is to minimize its parallel execution time .
0	the conductance is measured in terms of device properties such as the size and resistivity of the material .
1	This transformation allows for decoupling of the coordinates and for performing aggregation via simple scalar median or mode computations .
0	We define the exact notion of context in Section 2.1 .
1	The theoretical properties of qualitative spatial reasoning in the RCC8 framework have been analyzed extensively .
0	Now we will show that all the points in the dataset are close together by breaking up into cases for whether a CCC exists .
1	In order to find a configuration a solver has to instantiate a number of components of a some type and each of these components can be used in a relation defined for a type .
0	In the last few years feature selection has become a more and more common topic of research .
1	A famous biologically inspired hierarchical model firstly proposed by Riesenhuber and Poggio has been successfully applied to multiple visual recognition tasks .
0	Objetivos ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 3 2 .
1	The method is evaluated on data collected during a real world experiment .
0	All variables which precede a variable in the ordering are candidate parents of that variable .
1	To sidestep this limitation we show how to learn malware signatures using static reachability analysis .
0	Techniques for exploiting reward functions that decompose additively were studied by Meuleau et al .
1	Some stochastic models like Markov decision process ( MDP ) are used to model the dialogue manager .
0	The singleBest function determines it as the one that has the best cumulative performance over all problem instances in the data set .
1	In this demo we show the benefit of mapping the static eLearning contents of ChemgaPedia to a Linked Data representation for Semantic Chemistry which allows for generating dynamic eLearning paths tailored to the semantic profiles of the users .
0	A stream segment of access attempts is shown in Listing 1 .
1	This treatment opens up new application domains and new possibilities for learning effectively from data .
0	( 2003 ) examined this theory in light of English data and Mandarin Chinese data .
1	In the paper we proposed the use of feature selection strategies along with classification technique for terrorists email detection .
0	OntoNotes applies two strict criteria for identifying a sense of a noun as a nominalization [ Weischedel 2011 ] .
1	We present a simple approach for automatically extracting the number of subjects involved in randomised controlled trials ( RCT ) .
0	If there were a capacity constraint on the energy level of the rover then one would need to consider two separate resources : the energy itself and the space available for storage of energy .
1	In this paper we propose a model for Web service composition designed to address the scale effect and the redundancy issue .
0	Using two CNN layers instead of one gives our model more flexibility .
1	Neurons in the output space are connected with each other but this structure remains fixed throughout training and learning is achieved through the updating of neuron reference vectors in feature space .
0	There are a couple of interesting items about this data set .
1	It also unnecessarily hinders new researchers who want to work in this area .
0	In a standard RNN a similar analysis could be carried out by comparing the prediction given an artificially limited history .
1	The conditions include a sufficient condition for the Intersection property which can still apply even if there is a strong logical relations hip between the variables .
0	With regards to the DRM development a report has been found during the literature review that describes the development of such a matrix on an experimental basis ( Klock 2005 ) .
1	Traditionally CLU does not utilize the dialogue history beyond the previous system turn and contextual ambiguities are resolved by the downstream components .
0	Transitivity then logically implies that the object belongs to the location occupied by the owner .
1	An abstract interaction network layer represents the composition relationships between the sets of communities .
0	Approach to optimization by colonies of ants ( Ant Colony Optimization ) is a meta heuristics based on the population that can be used to find approximate solutions to difficult optimization problems .
1	We have thus provided mathematical evidence corresponding to the intuition that decentralized planning problems can not easily be reduced to centralized problems and solved exactly using established techniques .
0	We are concerned primarily with sequence based approaches to music retrieval .
1	We find that AVITM matches traditional methods in accuracy with much better inference time .
0	The semantic models that drive these semantic textual similarity ( STS ) systems are learned from different properties or statistics extracted from text corpora ( e.g .
1	The strategies include Monte Carlo Markov chain sampling techniques other than Gibbs sampling .
0	These tasks were aided by the centuries of analysis and modeling that have already been done in this domain .
1	The experimentation should be sufficient for selecting with statistical significance a locally optimal plan ( i.e .
0	The expected payoff of each player under these strategies is w ( P ) .
1	There are no theoretically well justified model selection criteria for HLC models in particular and Bayesian networks with latent nodes in general .
0	The proposed topic detection method is described in Section 4 .
1	Sophisticated Bayesian ( and other ) algorithms have been developed to revise and maintain beliefs about the system as observations are made .
0	In either case the function approximation capacity is not fully utilized .
1	Classical search algorithms are not applicable in practice when the state space contains even only a few tens of thousands of states .
0	The data set is available on UCI web site [ 45 ] .
1	The experimental results show the efficiency of the proposed algorithm and this FPM is further extended for applying for power efficiency using HUP to detect the high usage of power consumption of residents at smart home .
0	The experiment is repeated for each of CODA and BRCA subject groups 150 times .
1	The encouraging empirical results obtained clearly highlighted the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms .
0	TiMiNO and Granger causality correctly identified the ground truth in this case as well [ 19 ] .
1	Experiments on two benchmarks show that the new estimator achieves great learning efficiency and high accuracy on document retrieval and classification .
0	GF can cope with a variety of CNLs as well as boost the development of new ones .
1	Global Nearest Neighbor ( GNN ) algorithm is used as data association algorithm .
0	Definition 2 and corresponding algorithms hold true to any orders .
1	In our work we define a new algebra of operators as a substitute for fuzzy logic .
0	There are two algorithms that solve the undirected MST problem in time practically linear in the number of edges in the input graph .
1	The standard unsupervised recurrent neural network language model ( RNNLM ) generates sentences one word at a time and does not work from an explicit global distributed sentence representation .
0	These trajectories have been recorded via a radar systems during one month .
1	Previous works mainly suffer from the problem of polysemy phenomenon .
0	However it would be interesting to see how the value of number of prediction models that returns the best error value changes depending on the nature of the dataset and the predictor .
1	This unique situation constrains the learning of efficient classifiers by defining class boundary just with the knowledge of positive class .
0	We have separated annotating the entire document from annotating parts of a document to make searching more effective .
1	Currently available search mechanisms in almost all of the PDM systems are not very efficient and based on old ways of searching information by entering the relevant information to the respective fields of search forms to find out some specific information from attached repositories .
0	The recognition of various types of named entities in the open domain that could be useful in IE [ 8 ] .
1	Qualitative observations show that the proposed approach can effectively model transitions of music tracks in playlists .
0	Once the closest fitting case has been identified a number of adaptation mechanisms exist but most of these rely on human intervention to decide upon which adaptation is suitable and then introduce those changes .
1	The model is discriminatively trained given a small set of existing ontologies and is capable of building full taxonomies from scratch for a collection of unseen conceptual label items with associated images .
0	This equation is an instance of the optimization in Equation ( 4 ) .
1	A trajectory plan consists of nodes which approximate information of each trajectory plan .
0	The story of the Iliad will be encoded through a two level quoting .
1	We explore the approach for tuning regularization hyperparameters and find that in experiments on MNIST the resulting regularization levels are within the optimal regions .
0	This is very easy in the case of an acyclic graph .
1	We compare the results against GloVe showing that they are similar .
0	Graphs in the range [ 2 ; 130 ] were presented in Fig .
1	Both SNOMED CT and VCM are compositional in nature ; SNOMED CT is expressed in description logic and VCM semantics are formalized in an OWL ontology .
0	It poses many problems for researchers attempting to reliably model the behavior of algorithms on realistic minimax trees .
1	In this paper we describe an upgraded average ranking method that is capable of dealing with incomplete metadata .
0	The outline of the SP model in this section aims to provide sufficient detail for a good intuitive grasp of how it works .
1	It is shown in this paper how a template represented by this model can be matched against a crisp situation to recognize a particular instance of this template .
0	( 1 ) Remove all clauses containing literal l from F ; ( 2 ) delete all literals occurring with l from the other clauses ; ( 3 ) delete all occurrences of the negation of literal l from F ; ( 4 ) perform the process as far as possible .
1	We present a family of mixed integer linear programming ( MILP ) formulations of this problem that can optimally create phases ( when phases are not predefined ) accounting for costs and limitations in phase creation .
0	The best compromise is usually located by cross validation using the classification error on a development set .
1	This bound is known to be tight up to logarithmic factors .
0	Several new metrics of topic coherence evaluation have thus been proposed ; see Lau et al .
1	Natural Immune system plays a vital role in the survival of the all living being .
0	This leads to our training set of sequences of tree nodes .
1	This is used to index and compose functions stored in a case base to form a close approximation to the solution of the new task .
0	We cast the root extraction task as an iterative optimization problem .
1	We also use a sparse nonnegative matrix factorization technique to automatically induce interpretable semantic factors from the question dataset .
0	This extra dimension gives rise to what is known as the secondary membership function .
1	Automatic Speech Recognition ( ASR ) by machine is an attractive research topic in signal processing domain and has attracted many researchers to contribute in this area .
0	We can now outline the reasons why algebraic lattices play such an important role in our context .
1	We also show how we can control independently this coefficient by explicitly penalizing the Jacobian of the mapping function on corrupted inputs .
0	A complete preordering on A means that any two elements of A are comparable .
1	In this paper we explore the problem of inference in CLGs .
0	This first evaluation gives indications to the user concerning the pieces of knowledge that have to be revised in priority .
1	Results have shown that our approach can be applied to any planning and scheduling problem in hybrid domains .
0	At the end of each pass the OPEN list consists of solved nodes only .
1	We propose a general strategy to map these ( and similar ) ontologies by introducing MathML to accurately capture the semantic description of concepts specified therein .
0	There is no need for costly purges ; old entries get overwritten with new ones .
1	We compare the performance of the PS agent model with those of existing models and show that the PS agent exhibits competitive performance also in such scenarios .
0	Also shown are the computation times for conventional PCA decomposition .
1	In our recent paper we have established close relationships between state reduction of a fuzzy recognizer and resolution of a particular system of fuzzy relation equations .
0	These methods return the resulting solid of the operation and are restricted to objects including a closed space .
1	Existing machine translation decoding algorithms generate translations in a strictly monotonic fashion and never revisit previous decisions .
0	Figure 8 illustrates a similar e e t for the total holesterol values although it is known that total holesterol is an important risk fa tor for the CHD disease .
1	Each particle explores a part of the search space looking for the optimal position and adjusts its position according to two factors ; the first is its own experience and the second is the collective experience of the whole swarm .
0	Output Layer : This layer applies biaffine transformation on the feature vectors to calculate the score of the directed arcs between every pair of words .
1	2003 ] allow salient patterns in data to be extracted automatically .
0	Checking the existence of a synchronizing sequence of length c is converted into a SAT problem by considering the following boolean formulae .
1	An enhanced qualitative probabilistic network differs from a regular qualitative network in that it distinguishes between strong and weak influences .
0	The following result is the combination of Theorem 1 and Proposition 5 .
1	We leverage the strength and overcome the weaknesses of the two approaches by adapting doubly robust estimation techniques to the problems of policy evaluation and optimization .
0	Figure 5a illustrates two cQA examples whose questions are relatively short .
1	The adaptation procedures associate actions to perceived situations of the user .
0	What might surprise us here is that we observe again a difference between an even and odd number of ( bad ) agents in the group .
1	Such representations of qualitative preference orderings form an importnat component of automated decision tools .
0	12 ( b ) ( p and p1 represent the different geometries for the same park object ) .
1	This restriction stimulates users to be very concise about their opinion and twitter an ocean of sentiments to analyze .
0	This summarization system outperforms the CORTEX [ 24 ] one with the FRESA [ 25 ] measure .
1	ASGD can be used as a substitute in some cases .
0	A set of coherent solutions to these problems constitutes a CBR method .
1	I prove the existence of and give explicit formulas for conjunction and disjunction in the subcategory of separable belief functions .
0	Any decision ( but also lack thereof ) affects the future .
1	In this paper we dealt with the comparison and linking between lexical resources with domain knowledge provided by ontologies .
0	We believe the theoretical and empirical insights to be of great interest to the machine learning community and that the presented work might contribute to a deeper understanding of lifted inference algorithms .
1	We show that our method has a bound of 4 for the solution of general associative hierarchical network with arbitrary clique size noting that few results on bounds exist for the solution of labelling of Markov Networks with higher order cliques .
0	Arabic Verbs in SVO order agree in gender and number .
1	Mutation has traditionally been regarded as an important operator in evolutionary algorithms .
0	Mining tools like PROM2 can also discover models from event logs and check if they are compliant with previous defined ones : often the real process can deviate from the prescribed one .
1	Inferring likely structures from few examples is a complex task often requiring the formulation of priors and sophisticated inference procedures .
0	A Herbrand set H satisfies an ABox A if H satisfies all assertions in A .
1	This similarity has been recently used to describe bounded rational agents .
0	Part ( B ) of Theorem 1 follows from the following claim which follows from Claim 1 and Lemma 2 .
1	This paper presents the determination of diet composition in the form of food subtance for people with kidney and urinary tract diseases with a genetic fuzzy approach .
0	Other model refinements focused on those cases in which games exhibit specific structures that can be leveraged in the design of algorithms to compute the Stackelberg equilibrium .
1	The relationship between belief networks and relational databases is examined .
0	This task is especially interesting because the reward signal should incorporate both correctness and efficiency of the algorithm .
1	We report results of empirical tests that demonstrate practical significance of our approach .
0	Typical output returned by the solver is depicted in figure 3 .
1	Student dropout prediction is an indispensable for numerous intelligent systems to measure the education system and success rate of any university as well as throughout the university in the world .
0	The thesis is written to be accessible to readers of differing backgrounds .
1	Results are presented of a preliminary evaluation of an algorithm for constructing a belief network from a database of cases .
0	Tf factor is the raw term frequency ; rf factor measures the distribution of term ti between positive category and negative category ; icf factor measures the distribution of term ti among categories .
1	Previous research into the relation between ASP and classical logic has identified at least two different ways in which the former extends the latter .
0	The occurrence of deaths generally occur because of late handling of patients .
1	We show how to compute the globally most likely configuration of the tempo and rhythm variables given an observation of note onset times .
0	The SysAdmin can select at most one computer to reboot at every time step .
1	We show that these measures may be interpreted as truth values in a multi valued logic and propose mechanisms for the representation of complex constraints as combinations of simpler restrictions .
0	A visual thinking oriented reader might think about the focus in the following way : the focus is a dynamically evolving graph .
1	We can for instance distinguish between effects that are more or less certainly present ( or absent ) and effects that are more or less certainly present ( or absent ) when a given anomaly is present .
0	18 Chapter 3 Finding an optimal phrase segmentation is the most integral part of our task .
1	Each chromosome has 10 genes in which the value of each gene indicates the index number of foodstuffs in the database .
0	Suppose we assign the primal value j to the primal variable x i ( an analogous argument an be given if we bran h on a dual variable ) .
1	This temporal model is composed of a labeled temporal algebra and its reasoning algorithms .
0	4We did not perform further experimentation to explore the possibility of better cluster allocations .
1	Experiments in two different multiple modal document data sets show the advantage of the proposed algorithm over other CFA methods .
0	The proposed algorithm is linear in the number of training data objects and does not require parameter tuning .
1	In this case an opponent agent is not only an obstacle but also one who tries to harden dribbling procedure .
0	The Euclidian distance can be seen as special case of DTW where only the elements on the main diagonal of the matrix are taken into account .
1	Landmarks are facts that must be true at some point in every valid solution plan .
0	This threshold reflects the matter of size above which the stimulus Sj should be so that the agent i will allocate itself to the corresponding task j .
1	The developed theory and algorithms apply to a broad class of probabilistic models including statistical relational models considered not susceptible to lifted probabilistic inference .
0	It is important to bear in mind that we are not restricting the flexibility of Git regarding branches .
1	We also compare our method to the classic method of modeling different instantiation orders in the same influence diagram .
0	We apply the same protocol to the baseline methods as well .
1	We identify also relations that represent differential preferences between alternative solutions and relate them to the previously defined desirability measures .
0	A collection of world knowledge in these formalisms is commonly called an ontology [ 12 ] .
1	But due to various factors and inappropriate primary education in India dropout rates are high .
0	This synchronous process is frequently repeated and the interplay between the ORPP and TAR continues until the AUV reach the destination that means mission success .
1	We compare our approach to existing models showing the generality of our simple prescription .
0	RBF function is one of the most widely used kernel for its flexibility .
1	We discuss how framework provides customer specific ontology merging and repository .
0	This is surprising as the performance decrease on one problem should be compensated by an increase on another one .
1	We assume that users and their seen resources are vectors in the multidimensional space of the categories of the resources .
0	The environment also has a query number x unknown to the agent that is contained somewhere in the array .
1	Such axioms provide a mechanism for manipulating conditional independence assertions without resorting to their numerical definition .
0	SDSS leverages the spatial locality in neuron activations within each feature .
1	Some researchers came up with hybrid mechanisms by combining two or more methods .
0	This problem has not been considered before as it is impractical when the sparse codes are obtained by minimization of f .
1	Exchangeability is a central notion in statistics and probability theory .
0	We first extract the test features in their own domains .
1	Topic modeling is a technique that has been developed to produce document representation in form of keywords .
0	3 and 4 show several examples of the detected triplets accompanied with a set of key frames from the testing sequences .
1	Instance models are used in the area of natural language meaning representation to represent situations .
0	Let A and B be two instances in KDG ( Z ) .
1	The process of diagnosis involves learning about the state of a system from various observations of symptoms or findings about the system .
0	Particle swarm optimization was proposed for motion generation and optimization ; attempts to use original PSO formulation to generate the gaits of biped robotic system [ 15 ] [ 16 ] [ 17 ] .
1	We also analyze existing qualitative calculi and provide a classification involving different notions of a relation algebra .
0	In this section we define the proof procedure used to decide the validity of propositional schemata .
1	The feasibility of this algorithm is established through lab experimentation with two kinds of omnidirectional acquisition systems .
0	This distinguishes WFOMC from probabilistic databases ( see Section 6 ) .
1	Our paper describes this new benchmark challenge and presents results acquired by a baseline system based on a Baxter robot .
0	Our method outperforms the baseline methods since both textual and visual information are included in the tracking process .
1	The performances of binary neural networks with multiple hidden layers and different numbers of hidden units are examined on MNIST .
0	Analogous considerations can be done for the reduction of candidates on Figure 3 ( b ) .
1	Detecting crisis from social media text automatically and accurately can have profound consequences .
0	The experiments in Table 7 were carried out after the challenge and thus were not a part of the final submission .
1	We evaluate the approach on a set of algorithmic tasks that have long challenged RL methods .
0	( 2016 ) introduced a closely related model called the Neural Variational Document Model ( NVDM ) .
1	The NPM is used to scale the strength of information passed through nodes in units of percentage from interval from 0 to 1 .
0	In medical problems we typically have less than a hundred patients and for each patient we can have thousands of features evaluated .
1	The choice of the appropriate rule must always be given due consideration .
0	The first score indicates how strongly associated is the attribute with Selfish personality and the second one indicates how strongly is the attribute associated with Non Selfish Personality .
1	We hope our insights may contribute to the growing community of formal epistemology and on the relation between qualitative and quantitative modelling .
0	This reuse allows the design of systems without the need to build them from scratch .
1	Using the green energy prediction obtained from the statistical model we are able to precompute job schedules for maximizing the green energy utilization in the future .
0	Both results rely on the corresponding complexity results in ( Gottlob et al .
1	Here we use the conjunction of these two concepts as a powerful tool in the study of equivalence between fuzzy automata .
0	There is an epistemological ambiguity that arises in the context of logic programming [ Denecker 2004 ] .
1	The requisite subsample size differs by field and by number of topics .
0	Due to the absen e of inverse roles the distin tion between reasoning in nite and unrestri ted models is not ne essary 3 .
1	We also executed a deep analysis of Polish data as preparatory work before automatized data processing such as true casing or punctuation normalization phase .
0	This step will be repeated until the termination criterion is satisfied .
1	The methodology used is specifically tailored to the level of noise in the data .
0	Performance of the MANN surpassed that of a human on each instance .
1	In this paper we analyze two recent axiomatic approaches proposed by Dubois et al and by Giang and Shenoy to qualitative decision making where uncertainty is described by possibility theory .
0	Phasing based only on time has both advantages and limitations .
1	Searching for and making decisions about information is becoming increasingly difficult as the amount of information and number of choices increases .
0	Currently MultiGen uses an implementation of this algorithm for its ordering component .
1	Social media data in Arabic language is becoming more and more abundant .
0	This last idea has been generalised to ALC by Tresp and Molitor ( 1998 ) where a certain type of concept modifiers are allowed .
1	The optimality principles that describe such decision processes do not take into account the computational costs of finding the optimal action .
0	They also suffer to detail how the customization need to be carried out .
1	Question answering tasks have shown remarkable progress with distributed vector representations .
0	Each agent has two different types of behaviours : reactive and proactive behaviours .
1	The basic idea of this paper is that we can classify each pixel using a model of how that pixel looks when it is part of different classes .
0	Similarly an action atom is an event atom whose predicate symbol is an action .
1	We also added a confusion network rescoring step after system combination .
0	Text categorization with support vector machines : Learning with many relevant features .
1	Our analytic results pinpoint some interesting situations under which parameter changes do or do not matter .
0	This means that every time series is compared to the other time series in the dataset .
1	This makes it difficult to implement portable and customized DL applications .
0	The feature set used is described in the next section .
1	Twitter is now a gold marketing tool for entities concerned with online reputation .
0	Our first task was to detect and extract tweets written in English .
1	Our preliminary experiments show that this algorithmperforms well in practice .
0	An exponentially decaying learning rate was used in Section 3.1 .
1	The development of plot or story in novels is reflected in the content and the words used .
0	We will mention below further details about the connections of closure operators and free sets with association mining ; see e. g. [ Boulicaut et al .
1	A new method is developed to represent probabilistic relations on multiple random events .
0	The main idea is to avoid scheduling propagators that report idempotency for a given domain since no further pruning would be achieved .
1	This paper explores the role of independence of causal influence ( ICI ) in Bayesian network inference .
0	In order to achieve the above mentioned objectives the following steps were followed ( Fig .
1	This raises the question of whether provable guarantees are obtainable in presence of error and noise .
0	Thus the utilitarian competitive ratio is bounded iff n itself is bounded .
1	Social Media in the last decade has gained remarkable attention .
0	15 They also require that the input satisfy some safety conditions .
1	We propose a framework to provide precomposed web services to fulfil user requirements .
0	From these plots we can see how a single agent has learned to adapt its behavior based on the difficulty of a single problem instance .
1	The final goal is dependent on the performance of individual robot and its survival without having to lose its energy beyond a predetermined threshold value by deploying an evolutionary computational technique otherwise called the artificial immune system that imitates the biological immune system .
0	The reasons for these partial FI name extractions were described in detail in Section 3.3 .
1	The proposed method shall be applied for classification to an example .
0	This technique is similar to the initialization used by Bader et al .
1	We propose a cognitively and linguistically motivated set of sorts for lexical semantics in a compositional setting : the classifiers in languages that do have such pronouns .
0	The complexity results for unrestricted priorities are summarized in Table 6 .
1	The description logic considered in this paper is a subset of first order logic with nice computational characteristics .
0	If the above conditions for tractable inference are fulfilled we say that a distribution is tractably partially exchangeable for MPE or marginal inference .
1	This gain of information can equally well be viewed as a decrease in uncertainty about the outcome of an experiment .
0	Provable layerwise learning under weaker assumptions would be very interesting .
1	Our Net2Net technique accelerates the experimentation process by instantaneously transferring the knowledge from a previous network to each new deeper or wider network .
0	Mentions that do not contain any alphabetical characters or only stop words are removed .
1	We also compare classification algorithms based on these predictors with respect to a number of large protein classification tasks .
0	We can also see that Arizona precedes Nevada in the migration ordering at this resolution while the remaining pairs of the ordering are undefined .
1	We show that our approach naturally unifies two axiomatic systems that correspond respectively to pessimistic and optimistic decision criteria proposed by Dubois et al .
0	The goal condition is a proposition that can include both atoms formed from the relation symbols and objects of the planning instance and numeric propositions between primitive numeric expressions and numbers .
1	The exploitation of qualitative constraints therefore appears to be a promising way to increase both the interpretability and the accuracy of learned Bayesian networks with known structure .
0	Analysis of the results 6.3 Collective decision making One innovative advancement of our approach deals with how to test social aspects of collective intelligence .
1	In this paper we present a project outline and highlight the research challenges we have identified so far .
0	Lexical classes have been helpful in tasks such as subcategorization acquisition [ Dorr 1997 ; Prescher et al .
1	A time series consists of a series of values or events obtained over repeated measurements in time .
0	Let us rst onsider the AA subproblem of whether an agent should ever take ba k ontrol from another entity .
1	Our Process Makna Semantic Wiki system is a novel combination of an business process management system adapted for scientific workflows with a Corporate Semantic Web Wiki user interface supporting knowledge intensive human interaction tasks during scientific workflow execution .
0	Further work will aim at designing a smoother fitness for such situations .
1	Performance improves even further when the conditional model is augmented with bidirectional encoding .
0	OPPL 2 is also Manchester OWL Syntax based and allows for the manipulation of OWL ontologies at the axiom level .
1	We describe algorithms for learning Bayesian networks from a combination of user knowledge and statistical data .
0	We then pretrained the model for more epochs on the unlabeled data ( 2325 epochs ) .
1	The empirical evaluation of the approach shows that the proposed method performs well on simple MDPs and standard benchmark problems .
0	Enhancements to deltaMin ( i ) Up till now we have assumed that all values removed from the head of dom ( x [ i ] ) are as a result of mi being rejected by some wj .
1	We hypothesize that these factors contribute with varying degrees towards getting responses from others for a given question .
0	The second method is using Algorithm 2 ( Leaky ) with the same number of mixing steps as CD .
1	The composition of these foods has nutritional value in accordance with the number of calories needed by people with kidney and urinary tract diseases by type of food .
0	Hence here the projection dwarfs the other run time by an order of magnitude .
1	Analyzing large amount of streaming data that can be leveraged to derive business value is another complex problem to solve .
0	This disambiguation is for illustration purposes only : the environment gives a reward to the whole team for all of these events .
1	In recent years research in the planning community has moved increasingly toward s application of planners to realistic problems involving both time and many typ es of resources .
0	The word level RNN is similar to the one described in the previous section .
1	An MDP is represented using Bayesian networks and ADDs and dynamic programming is applied directly to these ADDs .
0	The Resist variable is the combination of binary variables of resistance to certain types of ( magical ) damages into one variable .
1	This suggests a need for a study identifying general development principles of hybrid systems .
0	[ 56 ] presented a method that learned a grasp point classifier using a data set of simulated grasps and was able to show success in grasping real objects in uncluttered environments .
1	DPPNs are therefore a new framework for integrating learning and evolution .
0	4.1 ) to collect three query tuples for each of the original 4260 CS TRAIN scenes .
1	We provide generalization guarantees which bound the difference between average profit on the sample and expected profit over the distribution .
0	Another possibility is to interpret combinator symbols in the reduced expression as data elements ( e.g .
1	Here we show that RPMs are not adequate to handle iterated belief change .
0	The periodic monitoring adjusts the parameters of the model following observations from the real world .
1	The proposed evolving system may provide online processing data streams .
0	B is the representation of Verbs and Helping verbs e.g .
1	It has been exploited in a range of natural language processing applications and has inspired the development of framenets for many languages .
0	A verb Y is a troponym of the verb X if the activity Y is doing X in some manner .
1	Factors affecting intuition are analyzed and interpreted through our model .
0	The datasets had a varying number of features ranging from five to 20 .
1	In a preliminary step this program with variables is translated in an equivalent propositional one by a first tool : the grounder .
0	We now show that in fact cooperative equilibrium predicts a rate of cooperation which depends on the particular gains .
1	We primarily focus on the clustering approach and devise heuristics for finding clusterings leading to good approximations .
0	Another common qualitative way to evaluate generative models is to look at the quality of the samples generated by the model .
1	Relief family of algorithms are proven to be very effective in this task .
0	Nodes which are not connected represent variables that are conditionally independent of each other .
1	This paper presents a new and novel approach for obtaining machine cells and part families .
0	The various agent types are characterized by their position in the task dependency network .
1	This paper shows how the Bayesian network paradigm can be used in order to solve combinatorial optimization problems .
0	The most challenging case for implicit imitation transfer occurs when the region augmented by mentor observations fails to connect to both the observer explored region and the regions with significant reward values .
1	The implemented prototype is exemplified by modelling the MMR vaccine controversy .
0	present another approach to detect events from a corpus of Twitter messages .
1	Internet traffic classification has become more important with rapid growth of current Internet network and online applications .
0	The only aspects that are not captured in this pair of simple actions are the duration of the durative action and the invariants that must hold over that duration .
1	Automatic object detectors are compared to annotator agreement and it is found that a clear relationship exists .
0	This suggests that imposing consistency on the heuristic can prevent improving the heuristic accuracy .
1	The efficiency of current cargo screening processes at sea and air ports is unknown as no benchmarks exists against which they could be measured .
0	We evaluate computer vision systems by asking a sequence of queries organized into multiple story lines .
1	The learning algorithm generates a partial network structure which can then be used to improve the existent network .
0	The joint entropy of a set of variables is greater than or equal to all of the individual entropies of the variables in the set .
1	Most languages use the relative order between words to encode meaning relations .
0	propose two measures based on the notion of class consistency in [ 22 ] .
1	One simple method for conducting diagnostic reasoning is to represent system faults and observations only .
0	A block diagram of a 1D LeakyLP cell is shown in Figure 5 and different frequency responses in Figure 6 .
1	In this way we try to get closer to the pristine goal of Artificial Intelligence .
0	( 30 ) The following auxiliary result is useful in showing Theorem 2 .
1	Previous work in music generation has mainly been focused on creating a single melody .
0	See Appendix A for more details on the exact choices of hyperparameters for each of the algorithms .
1	Classes are used to provide a reusable probabilistic model which can be applied to multiple similar objects .
0	The set of system components along with the component input and output data types .
1	We present several techniques for knowledge engineering of large belief networks ( BNs ) based on the our experiences with a network derived from a large medical knowledge base .
0	Aspect models can deal with both of these tasks too .
1	This model is then used within a trajectory prediction tool .
0	All DBN inference and incorporation of dynamic virtual evidence ( see below ) utilizes the graphical modeling toolkit ( GMTK ) system [ 4 ] .
1	Results of this study may be insightful for improving the performance of suicide prevention programs .
0	Three of these points were drawbacks that were solved in previous sections .
1	This makes it possible to update a dynamic environment map for a vehicle .
0	Other properties that transfer from a voting rule to its iterative version are neutrality and anonymity ( supposing the turn function satisfies an appropriate version of neutrality and anonymity ) .
1	This resolves one of the last open problems in the computational complexity of manipulating common voting rules .
0	It is known that this minimum is always rational [ 20 ] .
1	Also it discusses evaluation criteria and parameters for authorship attribution studies and list open questions that will attract future work in this area .
0	Just this kind of bisimulations is the main subject in most of this paper .
1	The intuition behind idf seems less reasonable for TC task than IR task .
0	The total size of the set will be O ( ( d log d ) ( log n ) ) .
1	We describe an inference task in which a set of timestamped event observations must be clustered into an unknown number of temporal sequences with independent and varying rates of observations .
0	We use the binding energy to pinpoint the best conformation among those identified by Autodock .
1	VOILA efficiently searches the space of possible feature subsets by discovering and exploiting conditional independence properties between the features and it reuses probabilistic inference computations to further speed up the process .
0	This Lemma directly follows from Theorem 3.1 and Theorem 4.4 .
1	The results obtained tend to confirm the fact that frozen similes are not used haphazardly in literary texts .
0	A simple unsupervised learning strategy proposed here to describe the overall cognitive learning capability is the criteria that instinctive patterns are the conditions for pattern learning .
1	So far these problems have been viewed separately and studied in isolation .
0	Then the forward kinematics model corresponding to that solution is used to establish the resultant motion of the links .
1	Another contribution is the illustration of how the compact representation of reachability constraints can be exploited by several existing ( exact and approximate ) abstraction algorithms for MDPs .
0	The reason for having multiple agents in the system is for simulating different population demographies .
1	We apply our concept to the areas of model elimination and superposition .
0	The current version of EmojiNet supports searching for emoji based on Unicode character and short code name .
1	But the partially observable system state and user intention hinder the natural representation of the dialogue state .
0	Cluster descriptors : The clusters derived are hypothesized to consist of weather snapshots representative of specific weather patterns observed in Europe and are described by cluster descriptors or summaries .
1	This paper addresses the challenge of matrix completion in the face of such nonlinearities .
0	The value of d is no longer determined by e but by n. It is no longer part of the max solution tree that determines the sharpest upper bound .
1	In the last section we discuss a principle of maximum uncertainty for possibility distributions .
0	Related Work The concept of fd set folding and the design of ( Alg .
1	In this paper we deal with a new approach to probabilistic reasoning in a logical framework .
0	The algorithms provided feedback with a delay of about two seconds .
1	video captioning ) is a more challenging task than image captioning as the videos are intrinsically more complicated than images in two aspects .
0	Let us say that Bob smokes at time 0 and he is friend with Anna .
1	It will assist essay scoring process objectively and precisely because essay grader is able to see how well the argument components are constructed .
0	One common approximation technique is to compute an MPE instantiation and then project the result on the MAP variables .
1	We conclude by discussing the possible implications of these gestures for the design of social robots that are aimed to have engaging interactions with humans .
0	Each node represents an instance ( of a class ) or a class in our KBs .
1	We embed an attention mechanism within a Recurrent Neural Network ( RNN ) based acoustic model to automatically tune its attention to a more reliable input source .
0	This is done after evaluating individuals by using a fitness function .
1	The emphasis is then put on purely symbolic uncertainties : it is shown that they can be dealt with within a purely symbolic framework resulting from a transposition of classical numerical estimation tools .
0	We concatenate several layers on different stages in order to improve the ability of locating people in different resolutions .
1	Extensive experimental results for a range of practical settings are reported .
0	This is achieved by training a domain classifier in parallel with the main classifier and by subtracting the gradient component from the domain classifier when estimating the parameters of the main classifier .
1	Much work in AI deals with the selection of proper actions in a given ( known or unknown ) environment .
0	Table 2 compares the the message memory usage during training .
1	We identify regions of completeness and provide preliminary empirical evaluation on randomly generated networks .
0	Definition 7 ( Semantic Spatial Outlier ) Let C be the set of candidates between two regions .
1	Action networks add two primitives to probabilistic causal networks : controllable variables and persistent variables .
0	This Linked Data representation is integrated with the Linked Data Cloud by the second component of our framework : Linked Data Integration .
1	We also evaluate deep CNNs on existing remote sensing datasets and compare the obtained results .
0	The dynamic chunk reader ( DCR ) model is presented in Figure 1 .
1	The grouping of rules results in an inheritance network of rules which is a directed acyclic graph .
0	So this time the provided search form based options were used to find some results by filling options with relevant information ( conditional information ) .
1	We note that time is an important ingredient in many relationships and phenomena .
0	Then we describe how we exploit the spatial position information of the visual words .
1	These semantic similarities constitute acausal connections according to the Synchronicity principle and provide new relationships to quantum like probabilistic graphical models .
0	We did not implement HBP in the planning domains as the heuristics we use are not consistent and in general the operators are not invertible .
1	We also theoretically prove and empirically illustrate that both relaxation schemes provide better results than those given in [ 22 ] .
0	The set of all distributions on X is denoted by Distr ( X ) .
1	The encoder allows one to rank images and sentences while the decoder can generate novel descriptions from scratch .
0	4 The job considers the next older input to build another model ( M1 ) whose RT is an instance of M0 ; the unbounded variables in M0 are passed from M1 to M0 as parameters of M0 .
1	In this paper we define a general weight of evidence that is applicable to both simple and composite hypotheses .
0	SUSY is a classification data set that distinguish between a signal process which produces supersymmetric particles and a background process which does not [ 46 ] .
1	We briefly describe a discrete dynamic programming model for constructing appropriate bidding policies for resources exhibiting both complementarities and substitutability .
0	The inconsistency in classification might be undetermined by placing the articles to the specified category .
1	We demonstrate that the question generator formulates good quality natural language questions from extracted key phrases .
0	As a result this system has become more dynamic but also more difficult to extract explicit information from .
1	We demonstrate the effectiveness of stacked generalization for combining three different types of learning algorithms for classification tasks .
0	In preliminary work we have also considered fully connected layers but this proved to be much less efficient in terms of storage and scalibility than using deep convolutional networks .
1	An experimental evaluation shows that these approaches have good scalability of query answering under rule repairs on realistic cases .
0	The object fix shows workers the input image with the list of nouns present in the visual detector output .
1	The inferred structure enables our robot to successfully close these boxes by manipulating the flaps .
0	Column 1 shows the explicit concepts retrieved by searching Wikipedia1 .
1	We also present another method for additive heuristics which we call dynamically partitioned pattern databases .
0	The procedure is also immediately envy free as they will assign less value to the slice that they select for the departing agent than the value of the slices that they mark .
1	This allows us to characterize the fundamental tradeoff between accuracy and complexity .
0	The complexity results are summarized in Table 1 in Section 5 .
1	The proposed work aims at identifying the frequent pattern of the user from the sensor data streams which are later modeled for activity recognition .
0	Insufficient grammar For some cases that contain many prepositional phrases ( e.g .
1	Explore builds a representation of the accessible space while Search looks for the target .
0	The also produce distinctive and complex behaviour which can not be easily replicated using traditional algorithms .
1	This is due to the fact that actors possess some level of tacit knowledge which is generally difficult to articulate .
0	A interesting feature of our method is that it ignores the word order .
1	The search procedure generates networks for evaluation by the scoring metric .
0	Both applications store data at local MySQL databases and are accessible via a Web interface .
1	As far as we know this is the first application of feature hashing to the word embeddings problem and the results indicate this is a scalable technique with practical results for NLP applications .
0	Clustering is activated by specific triggers such as the presence of a chunk headed by an auxiliary verb or a copular verb .
1	Stochastic algorithms are among the best for solving computationally hard search and reasoning problems .
0	These examples suggest that the construction of such a flipping sequence can be used to prove dominance .
1	The proposed FPM algorithm uses a data structure called Linked Sensor Data Stream ( LSDS ) for storing the sensor data stream information which increases the efficiency of frequent pattern mining algorithm through both space and time .
0	The size of our corpus is comparable with the collection used for the DUC evaluation ( 30 sets of articles ) .
1	Within a recently developed system Event Registry we examine two aspects of this problem : how to compare articles in different languages and how to link collections of articles in different languages which refer to the same event .
0	A cost index quantifies the benefit of a trajectory for an airline .
1	An asynchronous and momentum variant of the EASGD method is applied to train deep convolutional neural networks for image classification on the CIFAR and ImageNet datasets .
0	Feldman and Sanger [ 2006 ] considers domain knowledge sources as universally important for TM applications and presents extensive use of domain knowledge throughout TM architectures .
1	The paper deals with the main principles of constructing and functioning formal intelligent system ( FIS ) on basis of FIS modal and vector theory .
0	One answer to avoid this problem is to store computed results and reuse them whenever necessary .
1	The key challenge is that the past data typically does not faithfully represent proportions of actions taken by a new policy .
0	Allocating the agents in a way so that each agent is allocated to a problem at which he is good is not simple .
1	Many large MDPs can be represented compactly using a dynamic Bayesian network .
0	It can be seen that relying entirely on the listener gives the highest accuracy but substantially degraded fluency .
1	Experiments made over two datasets of academic publications from the Computer Science domain attest for the adequacy of the proposed approach over the traditional state of the art approaches .
0	Coordinating the actions of these individual devices aims at smoothing the traffic flow at the network level .
1	Image aesthetics assessment has been challenging due to its subjective nature .
0	The simulated data SIMU was generated by mixing clean utterances from WSJ0 into background recordings .
1	definite clause programs containing probabilistic facts with a parameterized distribution .
0	One from the same class H called the nearest hit and one from the different class M ( the original Relief algorithm only dealt with two class problems ) called the nearest miss .
1	This paper presents correct algorithms for answering the following two questions ; ( i ) Does there exist a causal explanation consistent with a set of background knowledge which explains all of the observed independence facts in a sample ?
0	She traces the topic to uncover the originator of the tweet .
1	We revisit the task of learning a Euclidean metric from data .
0	We trained and tested only the standard MetaNet model in this setup .
1	This underscores the importance of data mining techniques on SM .
0	This rule of deduction actually checks whether there exists F ( qi ) presentation that corresponds to representation expression Gi ( xi ) .
1	It allows easy estimation of EVI for perfect or partial information on individual variables or on combinations of variables .
0	For only inasmuch as we understand a proposal can we agree or disagree with it .
1	The abstract MDP approximates the original and can be solved more efficiently .
0	It drops only with the combination of high extremes of both parameters .
1	Machine learning based computational intelligence methods are widely used to analyze large scale data sets in this age of big data .
0	There are 4 cases when a node m and its parent p belong to the same rectangle .
1	This algorithm uses the belief theory and data modelling with fuzzy mathematics in order to be able to handle inaccurate as well as uncertain information due to imperfect sensors .
0	He described his idea to split novels into segments and use those to form plot trajectories ( Jockers 2015 ) .
1	These actors collaborate to ensure the overall success of the decision problem solving process .
0	Almost half of my PhD time is spent at the building of Courant Institute .
1	It is a much more difficult task compared to emotion classification .
0	Direct maximization even of the external value function is also unsafe .
1	Our approach proves superior to a variety of baselines in the context of action classification and object detection .
0	Figure 4 ( b ) shows the first iteration on using a parallel coordinates plot .
1	Finally we present an application of generalized neuutrosophic soft set in decision making problem .
0	Precipitation as expected is higher during the rainy seasons during August .
1	The ideas about decision making under ignorance in economics are combined with the ideas about uncertainty representation in computer science .
0	This normalisation factor comes from some assumptions that are made in Bayes rule .
1	The method combines icf and relevance frequency ( rf ) to weight terms in training dataset .
0	This is a good result as the working space is large enough to accommodate all these rules ( and many other less significant rules ) .
1	The goal is to predict the values of the missing entries .
0	This regularizer term can also be used to incorporate prior knowledge about the distance function .
1	The underlying idea is similar to that behind modified policy iteration for fully observable Markov decision processes ( MDPs ) .
0	Figure 18 ( a ) shows a second example of navigation in simulation .
1	Modification of a conceptual clustering algorithm Cobweb for the purpose of its application for numerical data is offered .
0	2 x1 x2 x3 x4 x5 x6 x7 in a given structure ( cf .
1	The effectiveness of the proposed approach is demonstrated on pharmacological and collaborative filtering data .
0	The task of clustering proposals should result in grouping together proposals that are similar or compatible in the view of those participants who have read ( and appraised ) them .
1	Straightforward application of this theory to automate decision making is difficult due to high elicitation cost .
0	The experimental results in the next section illustrate that our hypothesis is applicable for most of data sets .
1	Recent interests in dynamic decision modeling have led to the development of several representation and inference methods .
0	In Figure 4 we show various samples on each of the datasets we used .
1	These models predict what the result of the modelled subgraph will produce using only local information .
0	Theorem 5 ( Post and Ye ( 2013 ) ) .
1	We apply this formulation to two types of problems : motion planning ( stochastic shortest path ) and discounted MDPs .
0	Answer : It depends on each particular problem or application .
1	The relationship of our work to earlier work on KBMC is also discussed .
0	The simplest approach for solving a temporal planning problem is to generate a sequential plan .
1	Our approach substantially outperforms previous work in terms of the BLEU score on two datasets derived from WikiHow and DeScript respectively .
0	They find that limiting task assignment to certain combinations in roles can effect a tradeoff between computational and allocative efficiency .
1	We argue that smoothing can be efficiently implemented by incorporating it in the search heuristic .
0	w where 1 i N and w is a terminal .
1	We present a precise definition of cause and effect in terms of a fundamental notion called unresponsiveness .
0	16 In this section we consider extensions of the optimization under noise model .
1	This paper explores one of the various possibilities for solving problem in a Multiagent scenario wherein multiple robots are deployed to achieve a goal collectively .
0	Each of the propertyhas its own characteristics and are described in Table 2 .
1	Due to its abstraction capabilities computation is made independent of the number of observations and time points in a temporal setting .
0	For most uses it is beneficial to weight the features so that the words relevant for the modeling purpose are weighted higher .
1	We consider a scheduling problem where a cloud service provider has multiple units of a resource available over time .
0	All integers from each abstract are extracted and considered as candidates .
1	We demonstrate how the classification system can be used for detecting land use or land cover changes and how it can assist in improving geographical maps .
0	We apply Algorithm 1 to the PDS models to extract SCDTs for each of the malware instances .
1	We established a new algorithm for the negative sentence translation and evaluated it .
0	The following theorem characterizes the accuracy and sample complexity of HDS when using an arbitrary testing procedure block .
1	The resolution of such optimization models leads to solutions which have to be operated in an organization .
0	We also describe how to propagate this pruning from the order graph to the parent graphs .
1	We discuss the foundation of quantifier elimination and demonstrate its application to these problems .
0	This concept is itself based on an abstract notion of computation for ground programs proposed in ( Liu et al .
1	We empirically verify that weak dominance holds on real datasets and prove that it is a maximal condition for achieving sublinear regret .
0	The plugin enables the structured presentation of workflow individuals such as tasks and process instances in the Wiki .
1	The presence of latent variables can greatly complicate inferences about causal relations between measured variables from statistical data .
0	Fairness in this context means that the distribution of resources over the stakeholders is important and that certain resource distributions are preferred over others .
1	Our results highlight the extent to which the prediction performance of these methods varies widely across datasets .
0	oClingo receives the goal as a stream update and searches for an answer set representing a task plan for the robot to follow .
1	Recent research shows that there is considerable redundancy in the parameter space of deep neural networks .
0	Figure 1 explains the intuition model with a single problem set element at hand for ease of explanation .
1	An important new collection of CSPs has recently been emerging that differ from classical problems in that they impose constraints on the class of algorithms that can be used to solve them .
0	The software design solution representation used is inspired by models for the Travelling Salesman Problem ( TSP ) and Vehicle Routing Problem ( VRP ) [ 42 ] .
1	The experimental results show that our method can explicitly describe the textual and visual data in news videos and produce meaningful topic trajectories .
0	Emergent coordination and flexible organization patterns enable groups of agents to create and reconfigure application dynamically depending on conditions .
1	We reviewed these gestures for their meaning from literatures in human and animal behavior .
0	These two data points are then used to train SVM classifiers that guide the data gathering process with the active learning heuristic [ 58 ] .
1	Mining this data and making the process easier are gaining momentum in the industries .
0	This in turn allowed the authors to forecast the outcome in the NCAA tournament based on the rankings they obtained .
1	This method is especially useful when exact methods for solving IDs fail .
0	2009 ] was based on the GENIA corpus [ Kim et al .
1	Common wisdom has it that small distinctions in the probabilities ( parameters ) quantifying a belief network do not matter much for the results of probabilistic queries .
0	Borrowing a well known terminology from the literature on coalition formation ( cf .
1	Current methods for computing the coefficients in such a function rely on a large number of network evaluations .
0	We are able to derive strong sample complexity bounds with empirical Rademacher complexity .
1	We conclude with a call to the community to devote research resources to improving the state of the practice and especially to enhancing the available benchmark problems .
0	They adopt semantic model to describe the domain knowledge and carry out distributed reasoning .
1	This work studies the representational mapping across multimodal data such that given a piece of the raw data in one modality the corresponding semantic description in terms of the raw data in another modality is immediately obtained .
0	The inference times for the models depend on both sparsity of the parameters and their representation .
1	Results of machine learning of fitness measure weightings indicate that software design elegance does indeed play a significant role in designer evaluation of candidate software design .
0	One reason for this is the fact that the humans had much greater planning power than HBA .
1	We illustrate the technique via a synthetic experiment as well as an experiment to track a mixture of singing birds .
0	Below are the results of our partial meet revision operator for the five examples above .
1	It has been previously argued that the search of this classification power in the design of the algorithms has marginalized the need to obtain interpretable classifiers .
0	This property prevents the impoverishment of the parameter values in particles .
1	Then we carried out four analyses to examine the relationship between emoticons and sentiment polarity as well as the contexts in which emoticons are used .
0	After that we describe the performed experiments and the final results .
1	Our approach accelerates the training and furthermore achieves better test accuracy .
0	Let H and B be sets of literals and p be an atom .
1	This makes it difficult for researchers to explore different techniques for their specific problems .
0	We use the implementations of these algorithms available in the LibDAI library [ 19 ] .
1	Empirical results on several real datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of dropout training on significantly boosting the classification accuracy of linear SVMs .
0	The fist is a large spherical object that the agent can actuate by setting velocities in a 2D horizontal plane .
1	This characterization is obtained using concentration inequalities for the tail of sums of random variables obtained by sampling without replacement .
0	Events The concept of event is the cornerstone of the microkernel .
1	The extensions include critical path analysis of sequentially generated plans to generate corresponding optimal parallel plans .
0	We an observe that inverse roles are in fa t not ne essary for the formalization of frames .
1	An approach to the construction of classifiers from imbalanced datasets is described .
0	Figure 6 shows learning curves for each combination of actuator and observation type .
1	We consider a voting setting where candidates have preferences about the outcome of the election and are free to join or leave the election .
0	Now we define the score for the phrase R as the minimum normalized edit distance for a word in P with words of R summed over all the words in P .
1	Much of this is due to the cumbersome way that this metric is commonly defined .
0	The translation applied to DB h yields the program in Figure 5 .
1	The introduced formalism leads to semantics of manipulation action and has applications to both observing and understanding human manipulation actions as well as executing them with a robotic mechanism ( e.g .
0	The following lemma is proved in Appendix A. Lemma 4.1 .
1	We also explore the effectiveness of image spatial filters and the dropout technique in BMNNs .
0	We use batch normalization for all the models to accelerate learning .
1	It is shown that the structure of such networks can be described in terms of constraints which enables the use of existing solver technology with optimization capabilities to compute optimal networks starting from initial scores computed from the data .
0	By Nash ( 1950 ) every finite game possesses a mixed strategy equilibrium .
1	One of the most widely used techniques for data clustering is agglomerative clustering .
0	The names are usually specified by a series of alphabet letters and symbols .
1	The representation of the knowledge needed by a robot to perform complex tasks is restricted by the limitations of perception .
0	The minimization is performed using ADAM with a learning rate chosen by random search .
1	This approach can learn to find the best structured object ( such as a label sequence ) given a structured input ( such as a vector sequence ) by globally considering the mapping relationships between the structures rather than item by item .
0	In semisupervised learning some portion of the label variables are provided .
1	Here we partition the problem into disjoint subproblems for each state of the search dynamically .
0	The second figure of Figure 8 is averaged over 1000 instances .
1	A technique in which linguistic uncertainty terms are defined in terms of patterns of argument is then proposed .
0	One potential problem with this approach is with domains where good orders ( or bad orders ) are rare .
1	Many applications of intelligent systems require reasoning about the mental states of agents in the domain .
0	Each worker updates its local model with its portion of data .
1	Our goal is to be able to build a generative model from a deep neural network architecture to try to create music that has both harmony and melody and is passable as music composed by humans .
0	We find that the spread of the input data distribution has a big impact on their initial convergence rate and stability region .
1	Covering model provides a general framework for granular computing in that overlapping among granules are almost indispensable .
0	This instant will of course have an influence on the translation .
1	This connection suggests the possibility that methods of continuous mathematics can provide crucial insights into the most intriguing open questions in modern complexity theory .
0	We use the following heuristic function h from Yuan et al .
1	The challenging task of learning structures of probabilistic graphical models is an important problem within modern AI research .
0	The translation for conditionals ( TRANS IF ) is somewhat subtle .
1	We show how to exploit these features to decide the best time to switch the branching heuristic and then show how such a system can be trained efficiently .
0	Feature Posterior weight Rank x8 0.168 1 x1 0.137 2 x9 0.120 3 x6 0.110 4 x4 0.095 5 x5 0.090 6 x3 0.078 7 x2 0.061 8 x10 0.050 9 x7 0.042 10 x11 0.001 11 x12 0.008 12 Figure 3 .
1	Our results indicate that MTL is especially useful at higher level of noise .
0	The AOG model strikes a balance between the syntactic representation in NLP ( too complex to compute ) and the simplistic BoW representation ( too coarse ) .
1	This paper reports on a performance prediction experiment carried out during the European Football Championship in 1996 .
0	Tweets that mention the current situation in ( and only in ) Syria that is otherwise unspecified .
1	The first one consists on conditioning the character level representation on the previous word representation .
0	In either case the plan ends with an action that satisfies the goal only if the plan has verified the commitment made by the first action .
1	This survey on crowdsourcing taxonomies and cooperation in linguistic resources provides recommendations on using cooperation in existent genres of crowdsourcing and an evidence of the efficiency of cooperation using a popular Russian linguistic resource created through crowdsourcing as an example .
0	It is in EXPSPACE if numbers are encoded in binary .
1	The declarative approach we propose uses the OMG standard Semantics of Business Vocabulary and Rules ( SBVR ) as a modelling language .
0	We would like to incorporate more data in our future work .
1	The behavior of the Bayesian measure of Cooper and Herskovits and a minimum description length ( MDL ) measure are compared with respect to their properties for both limiting size and finite size databases .
0	We will evaluate the effects of different d values in the following section .
1	Most existing methodologies use text similarity metrics to identify whether two articles are related or not .
0	This is because a collective intelligence system has multiplied resources and hence not one single point of failure .
1	The classification system resulting from the proposed research opens a gate towards a number of Earth observation applications .
0	A pair of values ( ( i ; a ) ; ( j ; b ) ) is path consistent if for all k 2 X s.t .
1	Backward simulation is an approximate inference technique for Bayesian belief networks .
0	There is currently no standard mechanism for interoperable description and exchange of uncertain information over ontologies and even less a standard to reason on this type of information .
1	Rank aggregation systems collect ordinal preferences from individuals to produce a global ranking that represents the social preference .
0	Again we see the quality of the sequence generated by the scanner playing a dominant role .
1	The goal is to maximize the expected net gain ( profit ) by constructing a dose to optimum portfolio out of the available buy and sell contracts .
0	These problems are mainly related with string matching inconsistencies and can be corrected with minor improvements in the way expressions are searched in the text .
1	This paper presents a Bayesian method for constructing Bayesian belief networks from a database of cases .
0	The data file is called by means of an import statement ( at line 1 ) .
1	NER often aids from added background knowledge in the form of gazetteers .
0	2002 ; Sakama and Inoue 2003 ; Alferes et al .
1	This is faster than the previously best algorithm which runs in O ( 1.2190n ) .
0	These images were taken under constrained but varying illumination conditions .
1	Deep convolutional networks have demonstrated remarkable results for image and video classification tasks .
0	logical consequence and the first AGM postulate requires that the result of revision also be a closed set .
1	The method is evaluated using the area under the Receiver Operating Characteristic curve ( AUC ) and the ROC convex hull strategy .
0	To explore the existence of equilibria we turn in Section 5 to infinite mixtures of generator deep nets .
1	This paper addresses the problem of planning under uncertainty in large Markov Decision Processes ( MDPs ) .
0	If we fix these values we make the evaluation possible for some agents but this also exclude others .
1	However that method is still being applied to many modern scientific dilemmas .
0	The seven experts of PD domain have either a masters degree or a doctorate degree in the plant disease or agriculture related areas .
1	A notion of dynamic controllability for a CSTNU is defined that generalizes the dynamic consistency of a CTP and the dynamic controllability of an STNU .
0	This definition of free will is absolutely compatible with legal or moral theories and does not entail any need for metaphysical properties of the system .
1	In this paper I present a new approach for regression of time series using their own samples .
0	Both standard stochastic gradient and adaptive methods like Adagrad or AdamOptimizer have been used .
1	Our work is towards understanding the variability of learning informativeness when training on subsets of a given input dataset .
0	Let us brie y reiterate the details of the rep algorithm that is analyzed subsequently .
1	Researchers interested in better understanding these models have studied the changes in hidden state representations over time and noticed some interpretable patterns but also significant noise .
0	This is straightforward with the sampled times at the entrance and exit points of the sector .
1	General framework for designing such empathic agent with ethical bias is proposed also as an extension of the universal intelligence model .
0	The process is called the Interval Approach ( IA ) .
1	We then apply a causal filtering step to determine which input regions actually influence the output .
0	Provost and Fawcett ( 1997 ) introduced the ROC convex hull method to estimate the classifier performance for imbalanced datasets .
1	The representation model is used to specify imprecise or vague information consisting in relative locations and orientations of template objects .
0	Once classification has been successful the details of the novel virus can be incorporated in a new case and entered in the case base .
1	We prove that this approach yields unbiased ( and often lower variance ) value estimates when we have either a good model of rewards or a good model of past policy .
0	The scenarios shown next are annotated versions of plots made by our embedding software .
1	Our main practical result is to show that random networks may be trained precisely when information can travel through them .
0	Ideally this will result in a single combined classifier that only needs to be trained in quiet conditions and can be easily adapted to a range of noise conditions .
1	We use news articles collected from around the world ( Integrated Crisis Early Warning System [ ICEWS ] data and Open Event Data Alliance [ OEDA ] data ) to test our algorithm that consists of two stages .
0	[ 21 ] ) where a system can make an infinite number of jumps in a finite amount of time .
1	Modern statistical machine translation ( SMT ) systems usually use a linear combination of features to model the quality of each translation hypothesis .
0	Larger scales can help to diversify the tuples obtained from skyline and make skyline more comprehensible .
1	This paper first builds a relationship between belief merging and variable forgetting by using dilation .
0	The context of an entity can be obtained by considering the description of the other entities belonging to the same set of instructions .
1	Within a deliberately designed offline simulation framework we conduct evaluations with real online event log data .
0	4 : Pareto fronts approximations ( union of all final populations ) .
1	While word embedding has been demoed as a powerful representation for characterizing the statistical properties of natural language .
0	In our work we have combined Hough Transform and Pattern Averaging to extract features from image .
1	We examine the practicality for a user of using Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) for representing logical formalisms .
0	It is further worth noting that the plans for instances according to Construction 26 contains a subplan for every 3SAT instance of a particular size .
1	However this method is sometimes shown to be too restrictive and unable to adapt in the presence of uncertainty .
0	This is perhaps because the recurrent weights play an important role in our model and are not initialized properly in this experiment .
1	Bayesian methods for learning acausal networks are fairly well developed .
0	The satellites can be pointed at different targets by slewing them between different attitudes .
1	This paper presents an adaptation of the harmony search algorithm to solve the storage allocation problem for inbound and outbound containers .
0	Retention and university success are affected by many factors in which the institutional environment takes the lions share .
1	Compelled edge identification is of particular importance for learning Bayesian network structures from data because these edges indicate causal relationships when certain assumptions hold .
0	We now provide a brief introduction to the key relevant concepts from the theory of parameterized complexity .
1	Then we propose to analyse these classes in terms of postulates .
0	This supports the statement that differences in instance complexity cause a difference in the number of violations .
1	polytree ) and the Loopy belief propagation ( LBP ) algorithm ( inspired from the BP ) which is applied to networks containing undirected cycles .
0	2006 ) for extending dpll procedure with restart and forgetting techniques .
1	The results indicate that our method is more favorable in terms of visualization quality .
0	We can therefore restrictour attention to policies that choose the same action for a state regardless of the stage ofthe process .
1	The uncertainty arises while choosing an appropriate interpretation of a user ? s statements among many possible interpretations .
0	A greater number of possible patterns is equivalent to a greater number of possible physical values to be controlled .
1	This paper presents an any time probabilistic algorithm for validating the information provided by sensors .
0	We can now also show that ProbLog programs with up to two logical variables per clause are guaranteed to be liftable .
1	The experimental work done so far show that useful context information can be extracted from project management tools .
0	In this example the test results on datasets D2 and D5 are completely missing .
1	We propose Predict as an efficient method to estimate probabilistic values and illustrate its use in conjunction with two known algorithms for probabilistic inference .
0	A data validation restricts the set of values that are valid for a particular cell in the table .
1	Reasoning in BKBs requires finding the most probable inferences consistent with the evidence .
0	Let A be a permutation algebra and a an element of its carrier set .
1	We show that this penalty term results in a localized space contraction which in turn yields robust features on the activation layer .
0	And this effectively assigns man x [ k ] to be free .
1	There is increasing awareness in the planning community that depending on complete models impedes the applicability of planning technology in many real world domains where the burden of specifying complete domain models is too high .
0	Introducing a document node to MNB between the label and label conditional probabilities would in a general case increase the computational requirements considerably .
1	Most traditional models of uncertainty have focused on the associational relationship among variables as captured by conditional dependence .
0	JCS assumes that the entire query is contained in the database .
1	In the training chain we infuse information from the training target example that we would like the chains to reach with a high probability .
0	Particularly the test performance obtained on the tasks with the same level difficulty that the model was skilled on can be used as a performance lower or an upper bound depending on a scenario under which the model will be deployed in the future .
1	The methods are evaluated and compared to earlier work using the Boston University Radio News corpus .
0	( CBR ) 10 The CBR approach takes inspiration from the way in which human reasoning influences the decision making process .
1	This paper presents an optimized mathematical modelling and advance hybrid controller ( Fuzzy Logic and PID ) design along with practical implementation and validation of pH neutralization pilot plant .
0	Annotation steps consists of ( a ) identifying the predicate and their dependent arguments in the sentence .
1	The performance of the proposed approach is verified comparing to the results generated by genetic algorithm and LIFO algorithm .
0	11 shows that only the unshielded versions experience negative rewards .
1	The paper deals with optimality issues in connection with updating beliefs in networks .
0	The word vector layer and the LSTM layer are dropped out with a probability of 0.5 .
1	We propose and examine a value iteration algorithm for MDPs that uses algebraic decision diagrams ( ADDs ) to represent value functions and policies .
0	Other corpora for lossless compression were proposed and are available .
1	The classification problems in medical area often classify medical dataset based on the result of medical diagnosis or description of medical treatment by the medical practitioner .
0	We identify the need for expressing the ordering relationship between observable events and propose a way to express such orderings in an SBVR model .
1	This assumption lets us approximate the number of subtrees that are pruned because they do not receive any pruning examples .
0	RegStab may reason simultaneously on propositions containing various symbolic indices .
1	The development of intelligent machines is one of the biggest unsolved challenges in computer science .
0	The K2 algorithm can be seen as a greedy heuristic .
1	Timeline Generation aims at summarizing news from different epochs and telling readers how an event evolves .
0	Section 7 presents the results obtained in the experiments and a brief discussion .
1	We demonstrate its feasibility through a case study and empirical analysis .
0	It is called the Period of Overcoming the Consequences and Environmental Sanitation .
1	The topic space representation behavior is analyzed on different languages .
0	The naive algorithm is a theoretical concept and is not used in practice .
1	In this paper prescriptive defeasible obligations are formalized in update semantics and the diagnostic problem of defeasible deontic logic is discussed .
0	It is called the Rehearsal Mission and it corresponds to real exercises made to improve the coordination of the stakeholders and to learn how to use the equipments fluently .
1	We discuss the problem in which an autonomous vehicle must classify an object based on multiple views .
0	Our results show that our algorithms converge and that the bias term vanishes very quickly with the number of iterations .
1	The main idea of our approach is to force the network to make predictions on what the given instance of the class under consideration would look like and subsequently test those predictions .
0	This is very similar to the conclusions drawn by Shi et al .
1	We present a new deterministic relational model derived from convolutional neural networks .
0	It can be easily verified that the lemma holds for all these cases .
1	Many studies in heuristic search suggest that the accuracy of the heuristic used has a positive impact on improving the performance of the search .
0	In [ 2 ] axiomatic rules are listed to define coherent measures of risk .
1	The paper concludes with a discussion of some challenges for the future of the competition series .
0	This means that the exploration of a syntactic approach leads to important implications such as the implications of an approach based on interpretations and possibilistic distributions .
1	The results show an improvement in fruit segmentation performance with the inclusion of metadata on the previously benchmarked MLP network .
0	It uses a relaxed temporal planning graph for the yet unplanned events for different heuristic evaluation functions .
1	It takes an incremental approach to preference elicitation in which the user can provide feedback if not satisfied with the recommendation list .
0	Part ( b ) in the figure is the beginnings of a grammar to describe that kind of phrase .
1	This paper presents a microkernel architecture for constraint programming organized around a number of small number of core functionalities and minimal interfaces .
0	The class testing terminology relates to the class oop paradigm by the property isAppliedin .
1	Then a local search is applied to improve the solutions in the each cell .
0	The mean oracle error for the best model is 2.5 years .
1	We present a Bayesian network construction algorithm whose generated networks give sound and complete answers to queries .
0	6 ) by having several explicitly corrupted versions of a training point aim for an identical reconstruction .
1	It is shown that studies in psychology on discounting ( reasoning concerning how the presence of one cause of an effect makes another cause less probable ) support the hypothesis that humans reach the same judgments as algorithms for doing inference in Bayesian networks .
0	It is unclear to us whether ( and how ) this could have been accomplished by relying on the continuous semantics .
1	This Ontologies are widely used as a means for solving the information heterogeneity problems on the web because of their capability to provide explicit meaning to the information .
0	Validation of candidate rule elements as morphologically related pairs of words ( Validation of rule elements ) .
1	We model the network under two different game theoretical frameworks : normal form and satisfaction form .
0	We extend this idea to evaluate candidates in a similar manner .
1	We consider two Monte Carlo approaches and a novel approach that enumerates mixture components in order of prior probability .
0	To further explore this result we report the error matrix in Table 3 .
1	The rule groups are decided on the basis of selective grouping of rules by virtue of anuvrtti .
0	Baselines : We compare proposed detectors with following baseline approaches on precarious test dataset .
1	This strategy allows an efficient exploration of the Web services space .
0	The first is that they allow us to identify for a given cluster a limited set of candidate clusters that are potentially equivalent .
1	We describe and evaluate the algorithmic techniques that are used in the FF planning system .
0	B.3 Proof of Lemma 10.1 Lemma 10.1 has two versions .
1	Showing such a result has been an open problem ( for any training objective ) .
0	Illustrative Examples : We provide simple examples to concretely illustrate the abstract functions in Lemma 14 .
1	In this paper we propose the construction of linguistic descriptions of images .
0	Figure 2 ( a ) shows the training and validation misclassification rate during optimization .
1	One of the most significant contributions is given by the realisation that more universal tests are defined as maximisations of less universal tests for a variety of configurations .
0	Those rules are created taking in account the morphological and syntactic characteristic of each language .
1	The development of summarization research has been significantly hampered by the costly acquisition of reference summaries .
0	Data from both arrays are available for download through ArrayExpress 3 .
1	We propose two alternative structural modifications to the classical RNN model .
0	The main idea can be seen in Figure 1 ( B ) .
1	This paper presents a hybrid dialog state tracker that combines a rule based and a machine learning based approach to belief state tracking .
0	This is discussed further and formally proved in the Appendix .
1	This choice was motivated by their successful usage in many other machine learning fields .
0	And the number of nodes matches with number of input in each layer .
1	We run many experiments over real and artificial IP datagram networks with increasing number of nodes and under several paradigmatic spatial and temporal traffic distributions .
0	The probability distribution inside this interval depends on the distribution we assume for the value .
1	It is also observed that the sentences recognized to focus on the query indeed meet the query need .
0	The work in [ 8 ] also makes use of the Full Brevity [ 6 ] and Incremental [ 5 ] algorithms to generate TUNA descriptions .
1	We model the network as a parallel Gaussian interference channel and we introduce a fully decentralized algorithm ( based on trial and error ) able to statistically achieve a congiguration where the performance demands are met .
0	This is question is further pursued in [ 37 ] .
1	These applications also bring a large scale heterogeneous and distributed information which pose a great challenge in terms of the semantic ambiguity .
0	The first two trees scan the sequence and pass data via memory to the final one .
1	This paper explores the contributions of Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) to the study of an established theory from the field of Second Language Acquisition : Input Processing .
0	We refer to this third language as a hub language .
1	Our experiments show that convolutional networks achieve competitive results across concepts and across language families at the task of cognate identification .
0	But there is less value in the positive definiteness guarantee of DFP and BFGS than previously thought .
1	The existing planning as satisfiability techniques usually use encodings compiled from STRIPS .
0	All data sets are publicly available in svmlight format on the LIBSVM web site [ 38 ] .
1	Our analysis is based on a qualitative coding for approximately 3000 tweets in Arabic and English from the Syrian social bot that was active for 35 weeks on Twitter before it was shutdown .
0	The dataset is split into 50k training images and 10k testing images .
1	The paper intends to present a review on Object Oriented ( OO ) analysis using Natural Language Processing ( NLP ) techniques .
0	It now follows that we need at least log2 ( p ) layers to cover the receptive field .
1	Collective intelligence refers to the idea that several individuals can collaborate in order to achieve high levels of intelligence .
0	We discuss the results ( in Table 1 ) with respect to our three questions .
1	In this manuscript the authors applied various machine learning algorithms to a problem in the domain of medical diagnosis and analyzed their efficiency in predicting the results .
0	1 In [ Kowalski and Sadri 2012b ] we allowed consequents of rules to be disjunctions of such conjunctions .
1	The theory promises seamless integration of structures and functions within and between different areas of application .
0	These measures and results can provide guidance for the design of new recurrent architectures for a particular learning task .
1	In this paper we study the problem of learning from multiple modal data for purpose of document classification .
0	For every assignment x : d that is consistent with solution ( n ) ( i.e .
1	This is a feature which is an important contributor to the increase of intelligence in a group ( apart from the addition of more agents and the improvement due to common decision making ) .
0	In this subsection we describe ways to use these trees for ordering .
1	This paper develops a simple calculus for order of magnitude reasoning .
0	[ 18 ] propose the sequence to sequence structure which utilizes the LSTM as encoder to capture the temporal dynamics of videos .
1	Experiments on GoGoD and PGD datasets show the DANN can substantially improve performance of move prediction over pure DCNN .
0	We developed computer software that automatically administered the data visualization experiment without investigator intervention .
1	The networks achieve good predictive performance given surprisingly small amounts of experimental training data .
0	Agent 1 can compute the last term for the fixed policy for agent 2 .
1	The other domain ( teams of unmanned ground and air vehicles ) has a handful of cooperating robots .
0	It is a formal description of the criteria by which the adequacy of the output is evaluated .
1	We propose two new graphical views that aid navigation in very large conditional probability tables : the CPTree ( Conditional Probability Tree ) and the SCPT ( shrinkable Conditional Probability Table ) .
0	This scheme maintains the privacy of sensitive data and reduces the communication overhead at the same time since the data is kept at each node .
1	In this paper we give a formal definition about how such missing information can be recovered and then give an ASP implementation of it .
0	We use the same learning rate from the classification stage throughout the network generating the feature activations .
1	We are especially focused on what the software developer context encompasses at the project level and how it can be captured .
0	The following result is the analogous of Theorem 1 for the asynchronous setting .
1	The aim of the experiment was to predict the maximum accurate answers using intuition based models .
0	Each mission in the model contains a name and parameters that describe the mission .
1	Much of information sits in an unprecedented amount of text data .
0	Model counting is the classical problem of computing the number of solutions of a given propositional formula .
1	Probabilities can be specified in the direction that is most natural to the domain expert .
0	C is the penalty parameter and is the kernel parameter of RBF .
1	We present a method to learn from a search log which types of query modifications have and have not been effective in the past .
0	Figure 3 gives an illustration of the model and prediction problem .
1	Finding experts for a given problem is recognized as a difficult task .
0	A similar method was proposed by C. Bousquet et al .
1	Memory networks are neural networks with an explicit memory component that can be both read and written to by the network .
0	Figure 2 shows that deep networks converge faster with sequencewise normalization .
1	We introduce a novel playlist generation algorithm that focuses on the quality of transitions using a recurrent neural network ( RNN ) .
0	The coalition C is successful if and only if FCIP is satisfiable .
1	The local expression language in SPI is the language in which the dependence of a node on its antecedents is described .
0	The performance and output of the methods are strongly sensitive to the values chosen for these two parameters .
1	MIPS has shown distinguished performance in the last two international planning competitions .
0	Number of function is equal to 1 less than numner of levels defined in group variable .
1	The performance results for a population of policies leads to a distribution that is examined in terms of policy complexity and analysed through several diagrams and indicators .
0	Table 2.3 shows a sample of common TM applications and their mapping into ML tasks .
1	We show how we can exploit a hierarchical system specification to make this approach tractable for large systems .
0	In real application the algorithm can be used as an anytime algorithm where training sequences are generated as long as the user is willing to wait for the offline learner .
1	We present a method for solving implicit ( factored ) Markov decision processes ( MDPs ) with very large state spaces .
0	We expect that incorporating prior knowledge into our model can further boost its performance .
1	A subsequent decommitment phase recovers a significant fraction of the lost surplus .
0	The Atlas Transformation Language ( ATL ) allow us to define transformation rules according to one or several metamodels .
1	We demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach by applying it to the rich and complex domain of regular expression based string transformations .
0	The following policy iteration algorithm is adopted after the state space is partitioned .
1	SKYSET enables information concatenation where multiple documents from different domains can be translated and combined into a single common filterable and searchable table of entities .
0	The main motivation behind the algorithm proposed in Section 4 is to allow the transformed IBP to be applied to large data .
1	The theory is complementary to that of independence and conditional independence .
0	without using the : when and : depend constructs ) .
1	This paper examines methods of decision making that are able to accommodate limitations on both the form in which uncertainty pertaining to a decision problem can be realistically represented and the amount of computing time available before a decision must be made .
0	If that is the case the program P is deemed malware .
1	Our method brings a solution to some of the problems concerning the acceptance of the system by users when applying machine learning techniques to systems at the beginning of the interaction between the system and the user .
0	6 ] for the definition and properties of weak Feller Markov chains .
1	It is also showed that the research of Electronic Engineering and Industrial or Commercial applications are very active in California .
0	Figure 8 shows the result between the districts Partenon ( called Region A ) and Jardim Botanico ( called Region B ) .
1	An applcation is also developed for the Mathematical Modelling process illustrating our results .
0	In this process it uses models with temporal direction and uses them in components at various speeds .
1	We propose a new mechanism for integration of OWL ontologies using semantic import relations .
0	Articles contain words or entities that have an article about them .
1	We compute the answer sets of the resulting program using a hybrid solver called EZCSP which loosely integrates a constraint solver with an answer set solver .
0	An example of this scenario is depicted in Table 2 .
1	We get 1.5 BLEU points over a phrase pivot baseline and 0.8 BLEU points over a system combination baseline with a direct model built from parallel data .
0	Here we can answer the question of existence for Crars without any further qualifications about verifiability .
1	We applied this training model to the benchmark knowledge discovery and data mining data sets .
0	This parameter shows how a feature selection method could affect the classifiers not to predict wrongly or at least predict closer to the true labels .
1	Chain graphs are then extended using the notation of plates so that samples and data analysis problems can be represented in a graphical model as well .
0	Some information that does not trigger the above alerts might still be valuable to the user .
1	An algorithm obtaining the identification of the structure will be suggested ( Castro 1995 ) .
0	SKYSET enables a standardized representation of written instructions from a multitude of sources .
1	one knows of each of a group of individuals whether they are black and whether they are ravens .
0	A considerable amount of documentation and several examples are available at the Eclipse IDE site [ 7 ] .
1	The primary problem in using extended resolution is to figure out exactly which literals are useful to introduce .
0	We use MDDlog to denote the query language that consists of all queries defined by an MDDlog program .
1	Some instances of creative thinking require an agent to build and test hypothetical theories .
0	This improves propagation and also allows stronger nogoods to be derived .
1	The approach is efficient and practical for extremely large models .
0	The first step of AMSOM algorithm is to define the initial grid structure ( as the classic SOM ) .
1	The technique can be easily incorporated into any existing POMDP value iteration algorithms .
0	A reference model is trained on the whole subject area .
1	We also provide an algorithm that detects the dynamic irrelevance of state variables in forward simulation .
0	It is common that TM collections and domains only cover a particular subset of one language .
1	In situ hybridisation gene expression information helps biologists identify where a gene is expressed .
0	pl ret : continue execution at the address given by the continuation pointer CP .
1	Autonomous composition of web services to achieve new functionality is generating considerable attention in semantic web domain .
0	Our main results on regret bounds build on some of the theory for abstract partial monitoring games developed by Bartok et al .
1	We systematically explore regularizing neural networks by penalizing low entropy output distributions .
0	The x axis represents the set of possible inputs into the system as obtained from the application .
1	This paper describes how NARA is using Semantic Web technology to implement an application integration approach within the boundaries of its organization via opening and querying multiple governmental data sources from a single site .
0	Its robotic face has a total of 26 DOFs that can control the facial Action Units ( cf .
1	The combination of the MSBN framework and lazy propagation provides a better framework for modeling and inference in very large domains .
0	Theorem 3.14 If Ha is a minimal tree projection of H1 w.r.t .
1	This theory is developed with the following view of human belief in mind .
0	The different definitions are however very useful in that different algorithms are most easily analyzed using different definitions of width .
1	We generalize the target classes by taking the parity of the number of negative edges on bad cycles into account and consider backdoors for such classes .
0	This is essential as the existing labeled datasets for our problem are small .
1	We also document various patterns on response prediction we observe during our analysis in the data .
0	The problem with the latter solutions is that they use algorithms to find the optimal path between two points and not the most believable path .
1	Several Artificial Intelligence schemes for reasoning under uncertainty explore either explicitly or implicitly asymmetries among probabilities of various states of their uncertain domain models .
0	We now look at the complexity of the weak possibilistic semantics for disjunctive rules for a variety of decision problems and under a variety of restrictions .
1	We show that our adaptive exploration bonus encourages the additional exploration required for better PAC bounds on the algorithm .
0	The properties that are derived from the dataset must therefore be invariant under relabellings of the array index i .
1	An example where this is required is in modelling shortest paths between nodes in a graph .
0	We can see the model learns to do this by performing two consecutive write operations after the step operation of the relevant character to be replaced .
1	It is formalized in the ATMS framework ( each source corresponds to an assumption ) .
0	Let H be a random variable equal to the true class of the object .
1	We named our proposed method as Deformation Detection Particle Filter ( DDPF ) .
0	It is not difficult to show that any tree decomposition that fails to satisfy our two restrictions can be converted to a tree decomposition satisfying these restrictions without changing its width .
1	A number of examples are provided to illustrate the proposed approach .
0	One thing that makes decision problems difficult is the fact that outcomes of actions and preferences are usually not represented so directly .
1	We show how to enforce domain consistency in polynomial time for atmost and atleast regular counting constraints based on the frequent case of a cDFA with only accepting states and a single counter that can be incremented by transitions .
0	Note that the reference graph R is by definition acyclic ( in contrast to the value graph GvalF whose definition is similar but distinct ) .
1	Bayesian belief networks are bing increasingly used as a knowledge representation for diagnostic reasoning .
0	A Hopfield neural network consists of a large number of fully interconnected nodes which act as processing units .
1	We also note that similar results hold with the functional stable model semantics by Cabalar .
0	Assume next that we perform T iterations and the gradient of f at xt never vanishes in these iterations .
1	The problem of organizing information for multidocument summarization so that the generated summary is coherent has received relatively little attention .
0	We show that it is unlikely that their results can be improved in terms of polynomial kernels .
1	We study the problem of troubleshooting machine learning systems that rely on analytical pipelines of distinct components .
0	The advantage of this is that there is now exibility in either the hoi e of value for v 8 or the hoi e of bran h variable itself .
1	This is done by alternating between the space of directed acyclic graphs ( DAGs ) and the space of skeletons .
0	It is important to note that an action description of H can be either deterministic ( i.e .
1	Flexible and approximate computations are two approaches to decision making under limited computation resources .
0	Figure 3 summarizes the results of online training for the multiclass classification task .
1	We use the bound to construct a new tighter confidence sets for the least squares estimate .
0	These data are analyzed using Association Rule Mining to find out the causes or factors behind their decision to discontinue their education at the university .
1	We prove that the tableau algorithm is decidable which hold the same function of classical tableau algorithm for consistent knowledge bases .
0	This follows directly from the results in [ 17 ] .
1	Standard methods for computing EVI use discrete variables and are computationally intractable for models that contain more than a few variables .
0	The deep learning framework can be considered as a special kind of NNs with many ( hidden ) layers .
1	Its inference mechanism takes a scenario describing the constituent interacting components of a system and translates it into a useful mathematical model .
0	We can see that the size of UD Chinese is much smaller and it has a notably higher OOV rate than the two CTB datasets .
1	It is critical for application services in cloud computing environment to provide users intelligent service and precise information .
0	Approach for Improving Instructions Abstract theories or generic triple approaches such as RDF have limitations in regard to their practical application .
1	Expert System is developed as consulting service for users spread or public requires affordable access .
0	Step 7 : Create the Ride Request Graph using the synthetic ride requests returned by DENSPROPGEN .
1	The combination sheds new light on the question of how artificial agents can act in a dynamically consistent manner .
0	The rankings are then aggregated to obtain a single aggregated ranking .
1	We then experiment with vector representations and classifiers to find the best model for this problem .
0	The state will be transformed into the following : d a c f b The initial goal of agent ag2 has been achieved .
1	A concrete similarity network layer organizes the Web services operations into communities of functionally similar operations .
0	Statistics for these terms are specially marked by shadowed rows .
1	We hope that our paper will help both researchers and reviewers to understand why it is important to use special models for the analysis of data with a natural temporal ordering .
0	The agent maintains an internal state which summarizes information extracted from past observations .
1	We propose a cooperative coevolutionary genetic algorithm for learning Bayesian network structures from fully observable data sets .
0	( 2007 ) [ 34 ] take spelling correction one step further and use it for text cleaning .
1	Water current instabilities can deflect the vehicle to an undesired direction and perturb AUVs safety .
0	That means we replace the output sequence in the seq2seq framework with the input sequence .
1	The paper studies the proposed algorithm in both centralized and distributed optimization contexts .
0	Smaller values of ILDA indicate more compact and better separated class structures .
1	All text stimuli and judgment data have been made freely available .
0	The axiom Loop matches all the itineraries in which a loading vessel comes back to the port of origin of a container before reaching the shipment destination .
1	The original language represented the dependence as a single monolithic conditional probability distribution .
0	One such distribution could calculate a minimum flexibility fmin that acts as a lower bound for the flexibility per task .
1	The main theorem describes a way to obtain a generating sequence that defines the model corresponding to the marginal of the distribution defined by an arbitrary genearting sequence .
0	The format of this corpus follows that of the CoNLL 2003 shared task .
1	It is useful in some applications because it takes into account the lengths of the two strings compared .
0	models condensing around system drivers with highest degrees of reliability or other system related properties .
1	We also show that a jointly finetuned network generalizes better to unseen tasks when compared to a network finetuned over a single task .
0	This way a group of more agents is better in allocating itself in a more optimal way .
1	Additional experimental analysis of the influence of a number of features and of a size of the training set is also provided and confirms the desirability of properties of oblivious decision trees .
0	This also indicates the effectiveness of the data augmentation strategy .
1	We also made experiments against representative supervised state of the art algorithms .
0	Last column shows the rank of methods averaged over all datasets .
1	Also an improvement in MT system score with text processed with described tool is shown .
0	The results indicate that minimal separating sets grow much more slowly than abstract ground graphs .
1	We also show that MAP remains hard even when MPE and Pr become easy .
0	Both these bad patterns have much lower frequencies than the good pattern .
1	This concept has been demonstrated in the development of a system specification and the results are presented here .
0	They represent any valid ombination of ar s whi h results in a DAG belonging to the same equivalen e lass .
1	By utilising our memory we can anticipate the outcome of our chosen actions to avoid unexpected or unwanted events .
0	Suppose all intervals allowed to be accessed by ant ak is marked as allowedk .
1	Building and maintaining such models adds a substantial amount of time and labour to the application development cycle .
0	A realistic method would involve elaborating a realistic model of system development .
1	We apply our architecture to dependency parsing and achieve dramatic improvement over strong lexical baselines .
0	softmax ) distribution given the paragraph vector and word vectors .
1	Consider the belief that an event E will occur ( or has occurred or is occurring ) .
0	Lemma 3 allows us to ignore the contribution of subsets of data points in analyzing the information gain .
1	Such investigation leads us to propose a unifying framework in which we are able to capture the fundamental aspects of several representation languages used in different contexts .
0	The curve of the adjusted test is illustrated in Figure 21 ( c ) .
1	Our axiomatization of the qualitative utility is similar to the axiomatization developed by von Neumann and Morgenstern for probabilistic lotteries .
0	We refer to this approach as random noise ( RN ) .
1	This paper describes a Bayesian method for combining an arbitrary mixture of observational and experimental data in order to learn causal Bayesian networks .
0	This is a variant of the problem of learning from expert advice in which the algorithm faces a switching cost of C units every time it switches from one expert to another in consecutive time steps .
1	Performances of characters in the play as a whole and in each act of it are given by graphs .
0	Balancing a bike sharing system is typically done by employing a fleet of trucks that move bikes overnight between unbalanced stations .
1	We present experiments showing significant improvements over existing systems such as PowerGraph and Hadoop .
0	The lower bound of the man variable x [ i ] is then updated ( line 8 ) .
1	We present two algorithms for exact and approximate inference in causal networks .
0	The prox mapping to this domain can be efficiently computed by Lemma 13 .
1	Logic is the science of correct inferences and a logical system is a tool to prove assertions in a certain logic in a correct way .
0	This is because the absolute distance does not uniquely define the order between the variables .
1	Our theoretical analysis reveals that the proposed algorithms preserve the convergence rate of centralized dual averaging up to an additive bias term .
0	In line 19 an evaluation procedure is called to form the class distributions within the beam and then to induce and to evaluate the classifiers .
1	We compare the pruning method to the traditional rollback method for decision trees and game trees .
0	The set of expressions they chose came from a wide range of fields including logic and calculus .
1	Experimental evaluations on synthetic and real world data sets show that our algorithm consistently achieves better performance than other hierarchical algorithms in the presence of noise .
0	A goal of this architecture is the understanding and implementing the relationship between learning and PS into a reflective or introspective framework : the system is able to inspect its own past behavior in order to learn how to change its structure so as to improve its future performance .
1	We also explore some cases of using colored words in antithesis pairs that were central for fostering the imageries of the poems .
0	Our first experiment is again intended to show that we can train agents in this environment .
1	Possibilistic ASP ( PASP ) is an extension of ASP that combines possibilistic logic and ASP .
0	We believe that the embodiment of the computation of the B ?
1	The main purpose is to accelerate the training of a significantly larger neural net .
0	We use 100 samples for evaluating the Train and Test sets .
1	We consider the discrete assignment problem in which agents express ordinal preferences over objects and these objects are allocated to the agents in a fair manner .
0	A more sophisticated solution is proposed by Willems ( 1998 ) ; see also Section 7 .
1	We analyse the complexity of environments according to the policies that need to be used to achieve high performance .
0	because the expected data type is incompatible with a provided value ) .
1	The calculations are based on 100 floor plan designs generated by EPSAP .
0	Actions that affect an invariant condition ( such as the location of the truck ) can be executed simultaneously with the end point of a durative action only if the invariant is not constrained to hold true at the end point itself .
1	This paper investigates the problems arising in the construction of a program to play the game of contract bridge .
0	Interactive communication Tasks such as finding an apple might involve a long random search .
1	The results presented here are useful for comparing the behavior of general fuzzy systems .
0	The models we have shown so far are simple RNNs that have bidirectional recurrent layers with the recurrence for both the forward in time and backward in time directions modeled by Equation 3 .
1	These networks generalize well although their inherent capacity may extend significantly beyond the number of training examples .
0	We prove that G 0 equivalent to G leads to a ontradi tion .
1	The framework represents the encoder as a deep nonlinear function through which samples from a simple distribution are fed .
0	It is necessary of summarise opinion because not all opinion expressed in a document are expected to be of importance to issue under consideration .
1	We analyze the main characteristics of the algorithm and try to explain the reasons for its superiority .
0	ISAN uses affine operators to model state transitions assigned to each input symbol .
1	Knowledge compilation is an approach to tackle the computational intractability of general reasoning problems .
0	We propose a series of shared operations at each edge .
1	We do not assume that this relationship is static ; we also collect judgments as to whether it changes at any point in the course of the text .
0	The first agent to arrive cuts off a slice of cake and waits for the next agent to arrive .
1	We choose as an example a formalism aiming at capturing causal explanations from causal information .
0	We remove all the word with occurrences less than 5 ( Min count ) .
1	We present a simple characterization of equivalent Bayesian network structures based on local transformations .
0	The actions are the basic steps which form an attack .
1	Efficient experimentation is needed for resolving uncertainties when possible plans are compared ( i.e .
0	The expectation is approximated by collecting samples using the sampler described above and averaging them .
1	It is then argued that this model is closely related to how humans reason with and learn causal structure .
0	These are all properties that we might want from an online cake cutting procedure .
1	This is an expensive and static approach which depends heavily on the availability of a very particular kind of prior raining data to make inferences in a single step .
0	We use AdaGrad for step size and initialize the particles using the prior distribution unless otherwise specified .
1	The paper reports how these structure predictions and parameter estimates compare with the true causal structures and parameters as given by the ALARM network .
0	It is capable of recognizing virtually any foreign cell or molecule and eliminating it from the body .
1	Stochastic convex optimization is a basic and well studied primitive in machine learning .
0	Alternatively RIP matrices can be obtained using sparse random matrices [ 15 ] .
1	Many people are becoming interested in and relying on the SM for information and opinion of other users on diverse subject matters .
0	DP means that a sampled subset from existing general knowledge forms the positive pool .
1	The solver allows us reason about constraints over reals and compute solutions to complex planning and scheduling problems .
0	The solution is obtained by solving the following set of sparse linear equations .
1	Experimental evaluation suggests that the confidence interval approach can outperform the subjective approach in the relatively short run .
0	This section demonstrates how the naive algorithm would handle the example basket set given earlier in this paper .
1	There have been numerous studies on this topic which have led to many different approaches .
0	Using this combination it would be possible to ensure that plans did not consume either resource before it was available .
1	A successful strategyfor reducing the high ( and even infinite ) variance in running time typically exhibited by backtracking search algorithms is to cut off and restart the search if a solution is not found within a certainamount of time .
0	[ 15 ] illustrated uses of micro gas sensor array ( GSA ) combined with NN for recognizing combustible leakage gases .
1	Transliteration is a key component of machine translation systems and software internationalization .
0	In Proceedings of the 48th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics .
1	The competitive MNIST handwritten digit recognition benchmark has a long history of broken records since 1998 .
0	Agente Observador ( Subclase de Agente Evaluable ) ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 36 4.3.1.7 .
1	The combined classifier performs uniformly better than either of the individual classifiers across all noise levels .
0	The main idea in ( 17 ) is that we require the confidence intervals to hold for all data points and iterations .
1	We have instead devised a new strategy that an agent can use to determine its bid price based on a more tractable Markov chain model of the auction process .
0	Cluster analysis on both raw and encoded weather data was inconclusive as to the optimal number of clusters .
1	The analysis leads to a probabilistic algorithm for determining the best views to observe based on information theoretic costs .
0	A mathematical modelling of the neutralization process in a continuous stirred tank reactor which is based on a physicochemical approach is presented in [ 15 ] .
1	We describe algorithms that operate on BMDPs to find policies that are approximately optimal with respect to the original MDP .
0	Other Unsupervised learning currently in use includes : POS ( Part of Speech ) tagging .
1	Knowledge annotation method and temporal attributes are used for handling the complexity in the communication among actors and in contextualizing expressed knowledge .
0	If trained at a lower momentum value or at a lower learning rate PRODLDA shows component collapsing .
1	The primary experimental results show that our method is efficient with much less memory requirement .
0	A video in Supplementary material shows the evolution of MNIST reconstructions throughout a run .
1	A simple advertising strategy that can be used to help increase sales of a product is to mail out special offers to selected potential customers .
0	Our goals for user modeling include improvement of the subjective quality and effectiveness of both the results ( found items ) and the conversation that leads to these results .
1	The analysis of online least squares estimation is at the heart of many stochastic sequential decision making problems .
0	pn ) In this notation t is a positive rational number in floating point syntax and the expression ( action p1 .
1	The reported results have important implications on the use of kappa rankings to enhance the knowledge engineering of uncertainty models .
0	And dist reward is applied for every unit displacement the agent makes .
1	Experimental results suggest that for learning probabilities of belief networks smoothing is helpful .
0	This section is exclusively focused on GPU architecture and implmentation issues .
1	The objective of hypothesis management is to balance tractability against accuracy .
0	These features are then processed by a classifier to decide whether an entity should be linked or not .
1	The remaining expression is then further reduced by common subexpression elimination .
0	The second attempt for an instantiation begins with atom to propagate a ( 1 ) for the second time .
1	We compared our solution with other regularized LDA and downstream classifiers .
0	The feature duration refers to whether the event takes place over time .
1	The fusion algorithm is a hybrid of local computational methods for computation of marginals of joint probability distributions and the local computational methods for discrete optimization problems .
0	3The last assumption that all the states in a population are formally distinct ( although they may be similar with respect to various sets in C ) will be convenient later to extend the crossover operators from pairs to the entire populations .
1	This paper describes an automated method to estimate the temporal exposure of road users crossing the conflict zone to lateral collision with road users originating from a different approach .
0	It benefits from rich automatic features generated from word embeddings .
1	We report performance benchmarks of standard systems and propose the WDW dataset as a challenge task for the community .
0	Let P be a normal logic program and X be an atom set .
1	It is important to translate sentiment expressed by SM users to useful information using data mining techniques [ 39 ] .
0	This is followed by feature extraction and classification as before .
1	All the neighborhoods form a new covering called a covering of neighborhoods .
0	We discuss this assumption in Remark 2 at the end of the section .
1	We also developed a Java application that enables reasoning about these uncertain ontological instances .
0	Passengers can be boarded in 30 minutes and deplaned in 20 minutes .
1	These sorts are needed to include lexical considerations in a semantical analyser such as Boxer or Grail .
0	The advantage is that neither OWL nor ontologies defined in OWL need to be modified .
1	The new model is also applied to object recognition processes .
0	The enqueue function enqueues a propagator in the propagation queue but only if it is not already contained in it ( lines 5 to 10 ) .
1	This paper proposes a method to estimate the total time required to solve SAT in distributed environments via partitioning approach .
0	So far we have prepared the receptor and ligands in such a way to facilitate the docking process .
1	We show that our algorithm outperforms the deterministic algorithm K2 .
0	Here we have to calculate the AUC risk only from the positive and unlabeled data .
1	We define conditional belief nets ( CBNs ) to capture the probabilistic dependency of the effects of an action upon the state of the world .
0	To the best of our knowledge this is the first work that specifically identifies and explains the problems towards measuring QinU .
1	The results form the foundation for future more efficient and user friendly implementation of SPARC and shed some light on the relationship between two useful knowledge representation constructs : consistency restoring rules and weak constraints of DLV .
0	We have no firm data on the number of unwanted alerts that would lead to performance degradation for a typical user ( or that would cause a user to shut off his EA ) .
1	The amount of information available on the Web grows at an incredible high rate .
0	The normalized cut metric was introduced by Shi and Malik in [ 9 ] .
1	Previous supervised summarization systems often perform the two tasks in isolation .
0	The annotation process is used to capture the recurrent communication among actors .
1	Recursive structural equation models are one kind of DAG model .
0	Approaches that make a series of decisions are usually referred to as hierarchical models .
1	Gibbs sampling is the main technique used to perform diagnostic reasoning in large richly interconnected Bayesian networks .
0	In this section we outline the proof in the other direction :
1	EMO employs searcher agents that emulate a population of charged particles which interact to each other according to electromagnetisms laws of attraction and repulsion .
0	The mechanism of the proposed modular architecture is provided by Section 5.4 .
1	The expected cost is computed by considering the perceptual cost of degradations and a probability distribution over the attentional focus of viewers .
0	Some popular MapReduce based solutions to train machine learning algorithms in the literature include the following .
1	Our encoding can easily be extended and adapted to the needs of specific applications .
0	One example for such a type of objects is an airport .
1	We propose a new online algorithm based on stochastic gradient descent to train DNNs in an online fashion during disaster situations .
0	The execution of a recipe involves activation of tasks that must be blended with other active tasks to maximize the satisfaction of multiple goals .
1	The paper presents a method for reducing the computational complexity of Bayesian networks through identification and removal of weak dependencies ( removal of links from the ( moralized ) independence graph ) .
0	It enables our model to deal with synonyms more effectively .
1	In this paper we show how the rule based nature of the ICLdt can be exploited so that we only make distinctions in the values of the information available for a decision that will make a difference to utility .
0	Here we will adopt the search model for the Knapsack problem that has been employed in ( Dinh et al .
1	The algorithm initially decomposes the asymmetric decision problem into a structure of symmetric subproblems organized as a tree .
0	The second of these takes in addition also an IRI or RDF literal and validates or checks conformance with respect to the IRI or RDF literal using the data graph and the IRI as a shape in the shapes graph .
1	The AGM theory of belief revision has become an important paradigm for investigating rational belief changes .
0	Pseudocode of our optimization method is illustrated in Algorithm 1 .
1	These algorithms also provide a framework for the efficient transfer of knowledge across problems that share similar structure .
0	The corresponding results show the significant robustness of the model against uncertainties of the operating field and variations of mission conditions .
1	The SEPI algorithm will be presented in this paper along with several examples .
0	By the sampled mean method ( Lemma 3.1 ) we know that F ( A ? )
1	Developing of such a model is the destination of this article .
0	The WAM to MA translation done by wam2ma is performed in linear time w.r.t .
1	We consider two settings of online learning to rank where feedback is restricted to top ranked items .
0	Each row in x represents a token in the utterance .
1	We also evaluate the performance of the aspect and sentiment classification in the multilingual SemEval 2016 task 5 ( ABSA ) dataset .
0	We illustrate this point by continuing our discussions of the example in Section 3.3 .
1	We use the semantic link models to analyze the understanding obstacles that people will face in the process of reading and figure out what makes it difficult for human to understand a scientific literature .
0	The class diagram of the API is reported in Fig .
1	We then develop three deterministic algorithms for timeline extraction based on two main ideas .
0	A key application of predictive modeling is inferring point predictions for missing measurements .
1	We perform statistical classification using the enhanced feature set so obtained .
0	( un ertain farmers ) is predi ted only by the default ve tor .
1	We show an alternative way of representing a Bayesian belief network by sensitivities and probability distributions .
0	the updates sent by any node are received by the recipients before any future query arrives .
1	These statements formalized certain types of causal interaction where ( 1 ) the effect is independent of the order that causes are introduced and ( 2 ) the impact of a single cause on the effect does not depend on what other causes have previously been applied .
0	Proof : It is straightforward to convert a clause or term into an equivalent sentence in BDD .
1	We evaluate our model using two datasets : ( i ) publicly available multilingual TED corpus and ( ii ) a new multilingual multimodal dataset created and released as a part of this work .
0	The fact that the search space is often a graph has lead to the use of transposition tables .
1	This paper proposes a new method for solving Bayesian decision problems .
0	We are interested in the average number of arcs and nodes required in the description .
1	We compare our results with other recent results in qualitative decision making .
0	The calculation of the results and the statistical significance tests have been performed in the same way than for the domain aspect classification .
1	The present study is focused on the automatic identification and description of frozen similes in British and French novels written between the 19 th century and the beginning of the 20 th century .
0	However if the hash function can be created in such a way that viruses of a similar nature generate the same index reference then they will be stored in a linked list originating from the element in the data structure that the reference points to ( using chaining ) .
1	This baseline concatenates the word features from the question and CNN features from the image to predict the answer .
0	Each clause is a logical or of its literals and the formula is a logical and of each clause .
1	The fuzzy genetic approach produces 10 best food substance and their compositions .
0	A lot of previous work has exploited this intuition successfully .
1	Several logics for specifying properties of MAS have been presented in quite a variety of scenarios with bounded resources .
0	Attributes and relations of the main target t and nearby landmark lm are combined to form a description L according to Algorithm 1 .
1	Recent advances in the study of voting classification algorithms have brought empirical and theoretical results clearly showing the discrimination power of ensemble classifiers .
0	f can be viewed as a weighted adjacency matrix for a graph G whose nodes correspond to the words in a sentence .
1	This section is a systematic arrangement of rules that enumerates various affixes that are used in the derivation under specific semantic relations .
0	A course can only be taught in certain available periods .
1	This paper presents our experience regarding the creation of 3D semantic facility model out of unorganized 3D point clouds .
0	As a final note we stress that the collected profile pictures have much variation in viewpoints and personality types .
1	We complement this result with a lower bound showing this is in general the best possible .
0	Combinatorial auctions constitute a special class of games in informational form .
1	We also demonstrate how Description Logic ( DL ) reasoning can be used to infer previously unstated conclusions from existing knowledge bases .
0	Let Gk denote the graph obtained from G by adding k disjoint bad even cycles .
1	We experiment with various models including a neural generative model as well as a semantic graph matching one .
0	We provide a fusion stage where we combine results from each subband .
1	We conclude with an empirical study on 60 Atari 2600 games illustrating the strong potential of these new operators .
0	This vector space is then used as an input to the following phase .
1	Results demonstrate that they offer significantly better pruning and runtime .
0	The first question aims at analyzing the current state of the system .
1	These methods are compared to the earlier proposed approximations of belief functions .
0	This section presents the necessary concepts and notation for describing propagation in detail .
1	The new target platform has opened up new interaction and display possibilities .
0	A prototype NPC in GridWorld is implemented following the CogBot architecture described in the previous section .
1	The results show that the proposed method is comparable with the best published supervised annotation methods .
0	Whenever convenient the parameter I will be dropped from s ( I ) .
1	Conventional approaches to this task have the agents all use the Ideal Shortest Path routing Algorithm ( ISPA ) .
0	The jsCoq editor component was derived from its editor implementation .
1	This combination allows more flexible and intelligent detection and the annotation of objects contained in 3D point clouds .
0	The objectwhat pairs can relate the objects to textual descriptions .
1	Yet we argue that this is a rather pessimistic assessment of the complexity of the problem .
0	Figure 14 shows an example of how a leading statement can affect the recall .
1	The way experts manage uncertainty usually changes depending on the task they are performing .
0	Formulation Hereafter P ( A ) denotes the power set5 of A .
1	Our work builds on recent variational approximations for Gaussian process latent variable models to allow for nonlinear dimensionality reduction simultaneously with learning a dynamical prior in the latent space .
0	More detailed information about the implementation for real weights is described in Soudry et al .
1	We apply techniques from information retrieval that predict dates via language models over a discretized timeline .
0	Parallel execution of the planners speeds up the computation process .
1	In this paper we present a formal computational framework for modeling manipulation actions .
0	Note that the example assumes energy constraints but no capacity constraint .
1	We also present how deep NADE models can be trained to be agnostic to the ordering of input dimensions used by the autoregressive product rule decomposition .
0	The following table groups the object characteristics together regarding the properties of a bounding box ( Figure 5 ) .
1	Both approaches can be used to find optimal policies or approximately optimal policies with provable bounds .
0	Vocabulary items listed within a frame are called lexical units ( LUs ) .
1	Bayesian optimization is sample efficient by building a posterior distribution to capture the evidence and prior knowledge for the target function .
0	The answer candidate which gives the highest similarity value will be selected as the answer output .
1	We show that a nonuniform partition across all variables as opposed to uniform partition of each variable separately reduces the size of the data structures needed to represent a continuous function .
0	It allows one to cut earlier unpromising branches of the search space or adjust a threshold for finding only a limited number of best patterns .
1	The independence statements derivable in this system are equivalent to those obtainable by the graphoid axioms .
0	Keeping the branching factor within 1We say uniform but infact straight moves cost 1 and diagonal moves cost approx .
1	The first approach incrementally marginalizes nodes that contribute to the ambiguous qualitative relationships .
0	[ 10 ] M. C. Shewry and H. P. Wynn .
1	We show how this foundational element can be used to iteratively construct a Hierarchical Sparse Representation ( HSR ) of a sensory stream .
0	In some religions a causeless creator is considered the ultimate cause for everything .
1	We describe how these measures can be used to enhance computer displays used for monitoring complex systems .
0	The large gap in performance between the HM 3D and HM LI data highlights the importance of the learned lighting augmentation .
1	We explore a method for computing admissible heuristic evaluation functions for search problems .
0	Discussion of algorithms for learning the topology and internal dimensions is left for future work .
1	The results of the analysis are used to generate new priorities that determine the order in which the greedy algorithm constructs the next solution .
0	The exact order of the dice rolls in a sequence of J rolls wj is not needed for counting the sums of outcomes wn .
1	It also requires a much smaller amount of communication than other common baseline approaches such as the DOWNPOUR method .
0	This version of the channel assignment task can also be formulated as a CSP even though it is no longer a graph colouring problem .
1	Empirical studies have shown that the techniques can bring about significant speedups .
0	It is a message passing algorithm in which each node in the network sends a message to its neighbors .
1	I therefore investigate whether unsupervised methods perform better than supervised methods when it is difficult or impossible to train supervised approaches .
0	Your only means to stop her is by shooting her with your gun .
1	Our algorithms offer insights on the connection and difference between the hinge loss and logistic loss in dropout training .
0	However we show that this may not be true even for very simple distributions unless if the sample has exponential size .
1	Its practical applicability can be achieved by the choice of the reference machine or representation of algorithms agreed with the environment .
0	We have used a very simple encoding for an individual .
1	The Factored Frontier ( FF ) algorithm is a simple approximate inferencealgorithm for Dynamic Bayesian Networks ( DBNs ) .
0	C1 is the concentration of acid and C2 is the concentration of alkaline .
1	Ever growing number of image documents available on the Internet continuously motivates research in better annotation models and more efficient retrieval methods .
0	This is a necessary step in showing the consistency of this method .
1	We built several models including traditional benchmark models and new types of models which are based on word embeddings .
0	In this section we highlight three findings that demonstrate the general applicability of LSTMVIS paradigms for analysis of hidden states .
1	We use phrase based correction methods in both the algorithms .
0	These technologies are developed as intelligent agents located in the second layer in Fig .
1	In this paper we propose an extension of Defeasible Logic to represent and compute three concepts of defeasible permission .
0	Frustration describes the situation when the loops of stimulation and suppression led to instability in the network .
1	Experimental results show the major superiority of the proposed algorithm over the other methods .
0	One can show that this definition is actually independent ( to an extend ) of the Turing Machine which is used .
1	The system provides unified interfaces for different modules so that individual modules can be reconfigured to test a new method .
0	Si is the finite 15 set of signals that can be sent to i .
1	The work extends earlier work on the control of rendering by introducing methods and models for computing the expected cost associated with degradations of scene components .
0	The main reason behind our choice of using the topic vector as bias instead of passing it into the hidden states of the RNN is because it enables us to have a clear separation of the contributions of global semantics and those of local dynamics .
1	We also compare the performance of stacked generalization with majority vote and published results of arcing and bagging .
0	Most of the outputs stay constant over many layers forming a pattern of stripes .
1	Our approach is illustrated in the context of reasoning with stratified knowldge bases .
0	Consistency and entailment for sets of clauses are defined as in propositional logic .
1	Our method discovers reasonable components and achieve effective image reconstruction in natural images .
0	These rules are used through different rules languages to enhance the knowledge possess in an ontology .
1	This paper describes both recent results and work in progress .
0	Details of annotation guideline is out of scope of this paper .
1	The limitations of simulating composing memristor networks in von Neumann hardware is discussed and a hardware solution based on physical memristor properties is presented .
0	One way to validate this claim would be to enumerate all the possible orderings of a single text and evaluate each one of them .
1	Significant events are reported by different sources and in different languages .
0	The feasibility of the type of inference depends deeply on the logics chosen .
1	Our results show that a target out of n items can be found in O ( log n ) queries .
0	By means of the TBox we can name complex descriptions of concepts and roles .
1	Performance evaluation of various organizations especially educational institutions is a very important area of research and needs to be cultivated more .
0	By induction on the typing of M ( Appendix A.2 ) .
1	An understanding of such properties will be essential if plausibility measures are to be used in practice as a representation tool .
0	For more information on the details of gathered data please refer to [ 17 ] .
1	They also illustrate a general methodology for comparing different constraint models .
0	The following definition gives us a convenient shorthand when we want to refer to an object that is either a compact element or a member of the domain D of our interpretations .
1	The ability to automatically generalise ( interactive ) proofs and use such generalisations to discharge related conjectures is a very hard problem which remains unsolved .
0	In Lemma 3.2 we apply Lemma 3.1 as well as other arguments to show that w.h.p .
1	It is mathematically shown that the average number of answer sets for a random program converges to a constant when the number of atoms approaches infinity .
0	It is easy to he k that one part of the above equivalen e still holds : m ; m 0 ) G ( m 0 ) ( G ( m ) ; R ( ) [ E ( ) ) .
1	This paper explores the effects that two dataset characteristics can have on the performance of these three frequent itemset algorithms .
0	The important thing is that the joint use of the simplification and the compression processes can give a relatively acceptable ( and efficient ) approximation of Kolmogorov complexity for these short strings .
1	Learning transformation invariant representations of visual data is an important problem in computer vision .
0	The proof follows from the definitions of the operators and Lemma 7.9 .
1	This paper describes an enterprise system we developed for extracting sentiment from large volumes of social data in Arabic dialects .
0	This information will be helpful for the management to reduce the dropout rate in campus .
1	Mined Semantic Analysis ( MSA ) is a novel distributional semantics approach which employs data mining techniques .
0	A omprehensive history of the problem is given by Miller ( 2002 ) .
1	It is shown that uncertainty issues are linked both to the models and to the matching algorithm .
0	One can show that the EM algorithm converges to a local optimum of the log likelihood function .
1	Within this paper we briefly describe the associative hierarchical network and provide a computationally efficient method for approximate inference based on graph cuts .
0	We used the two output tensors of the LSTM encoder ( discussed above ) as inputs to this encoder .
1	Ontologies provide a formal description of concepts and their relationships in a knowledge domain .
0	Rectangular matrices can be obtained by appropriately selecting rows or columns .
1	Generative adversarial network ( GAN ) framework has a discriminator and a generator network .
0	The parameters can be represented efficiently using sparse matrix representations .
1	clusterings where each points belongs to each cluster to some degree .
0	The idea behind causal graphs is that each strongly connected component of the graph should correspond to an abstraction level .
1	Both humans and artificial systems frequently use trial and error methods to problem solving .
0	Agents can travel from one location to another in a given time .
1	We then discuss the implication of this with respect to answering why and how questions .
0	The following is a simple restatement of Theorem 5.1 in [ AHR12 ] .
1	We introduce a new metric called neural net distance for which generalization does occur .
0	79 Chapter 4 ( ORPP ) Robust path planning is an important characteristic of autonomy .
1	These bounds are directly proportional to the intrinsic complexity of the mechanism class the designer is optimizing over .
0	Our approach enables a mobile manipulator to autonomously learn a function that takes a 2D RGB image and a registered 3D point cloud as input and returns a 3D location at which a manipulation behavior is likely to succeed .
1	A key question then is how to generate the attacks .
0	We can estimate this performance by splitting the data into parts that are only used for training ( Tr ) and testing ( Ts ) .
1	We introduce a new dynamic model with the capability of recognizing both activities that an individual is performing as well as where that ndividual is located .
0	The difficulty when designing collective intelligence systems is to design the individual behavior ( s ) and objective ( s ) of the agents so that the world utility is maximized .
1	There are quite some speech databases that can be purchased at prices that are reasonable for most research institutes .
0	Its key challenges are of both conceptual and technical nature .
1	The list of all 19 potential dominant elements of the mentioned semigraphoid closure is given as a byproduct .
0	The free variables in F ( those that are not in X ) can be considered as place holders for objects of unspecified identity ( Skolem constants ) .
1	Emergency response applications for nuclear or radiological events can be significantly improved via deep feature learning due to the hidden complexity of the data and models involved .
0	The choice point forces or forbids a nonmonotonic applicable rule to be fired .
1	We propose two methods of learning vector representations of words and phrases that each combine sentence context with structural features extracted from dependency trees .
0	All of this will be rigorously presented and discussed in subsection 3.4 ; see also [ 3 ] .
1	We argue that this combination calls for an extension of the usual message passing scheme of ordinary junction trees .
0	2006 ) treat such rules as implications in possibilistic logic ( Dubois et al .
1	We also release a new annotated dataset for task evaluation .
0	In each test the n planners rank the k problem instances in order of time taken to solve .
1	Worker heterogeneity leads to a problem called the assembly line worker assignment and balancing problem ( ALWABP ) .
0	The list of hyperparamters used in this work is included in Table 1 .
1	In this paper we aim to reduce the time spent on computing heuristics .
0	couple and family are similar because they both appear as instances of social groups within the WordNet hierarchy ) .
1	In this paper a method for determining the variances in inferred probabilities is obtained under the assumption that a posterior distribution on the uncertainty variables can be approximated by the prior distribution .
0	Data mining techniques are used to operate on huge amount of data to discover hidden patterns and relationships helpful for decision making .
1	A graphical model is developed that represents the simultaneous evolution of tempo and rhythm and relates these hidden quantities to observations .
0	Having diverse base learners ( various models with different biases ) often proves to increase the prediction performance .
1	We extend the technique to perform prediction subject to soft constraints .
0	We train one CNN layer for convolving the entities and one for the contexts .
1	The machine learning in our tracker is realized by a Long Short Term Memory ( LSTM ) network .
0	They compared this to the approach of replicating the minority class samples to balance the data set used for training .
1	The efficiency of this algorithm also allows us to improve the exploration guidance : for each encountered planning state the corresponding approximate sequential plan is scheduled .
0	Modeling locally varying anisotropy of CO2 emissions in the United States .
1	Convolutional neural network ( CNN ) models have achieved tremendous success in many visual detection and recognition tasks .
0	These systems provide information that is tailored to the characteristics and preferences of the users .
1	Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) is a popular framework for modeling combinatorial problems .
0	Note that this definition may result in multiple edges between two vertices in VC ( denoted repetitive edges ) as well as in edges from a vertex in VC to itself ( denoted self edges ) .
1	These provide the basis for calculating the probabilities of inferences .
0	This is the past experience and shall store past values only .
1	In response to this research we have extended the evidence potential algorithm [ 3 ] with the same features .
0	However there are a number of issues with such a representation : Persistence and bias : This represents the biggest issue to the system as the memory pool is biased towards remembering only the most recent or frequent antigens presented to it .
1	We present a method of how to induce a theory ( i.e .
0	Authors developed software called Layer Domain Class ( LDC ) for parsing and deep semantic processing of English language based sentences .
1	In this paper we empirically show that late binding is superior to early binding in terms of different evaluation metrics .
0	The first is a hero capable of inflicting heavy damage on the opponents while the second is able of taking a lot of damage .
1	In this paper we identify a feature space that captures both the evolution of the problem in the branching tree and the similarity among subproblems of instances from the same MIP models .
0	The regularization in the optimization is to handle noise in data .
1	There is much interest in using partially observable Markov decision processes ( POMDPs ) as a formal model for planning in stochastic domains .
0	This is our first motivation to revise the term weighting scheme for TC task .
1	One of the main research areas in Artificial Intelligence is the coding of agents ( programs ) which are able to learn by themselves in any situation .
0	Su h a formula is typi ally hard to en ode using a small de ision tree .
1	The thesis is based on seven publications that make significant contributions to knowledge relating to annotating and parsing Classical Arabic .
0	Section 2.2 proposes such an objective for a simple scenario .
1	The present paper studies the frequency of adjective and verb simile markers in a corpus of British and French novels in order to determine which ones are really informative and worth including in a stylistic analysis .
0	However in our approach we use the POS feature and the context information of the word to represent the pattern .
1	Providing Reinforcement Learning agents with expert advice can dramatically improve various aspects of learning .
0	Both generators and discriminators will be neural networks with n parameters .
1	Here we introduce a new architecture designed to overcome this .
0	We need our planning solution to be able to handle these cases where many pivoting steps are needed .
1	We validated the solution against various essays written by students in the chemistry domain .
0	For each table we perform inconsistency elimination similar to that described in Section 3.7.1 .
1	Our experiments show high performance on rotated and translated images from the test set compared to classical architectures that are very sensitive to transformations in the data .
0	The 7 inputs represent the different textural features calculated from each image .
1	The performance measure for the three models is the mean standard error ( MSE ) .
0	We intend to further explore how our methods can be extended to learn and combine even smaller basis filters and filters with more diverse shapes .
1	This paper explores the use of Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) in solving Distributed Constraint Optimization Problems ( DCOPs ) .
0	Background : The background augmentation can change the background pixels arbitrarily .
1	We introduce a new approach to learn optimal policies while enforcing properties expressed in temporal logic .
0	This component provides guidance on how the campaign will be conducted by considering the situations of the customers .
1	Classification is one of the major issues in Data Mining Research fields .
0	It presents the process of labeling a set of data points or geometric primitives extracted from the data with a named object or object class .
1	Experiments with the provers SETHEO and SPASS performed in the problem library TPTP reveal the high potential of our cooperation approaches .
0	In what follows we will often speak of formula occurrences ( or simply formulas if there is no possibility of confusion ) instead of vertices labeled by formulas .
1	The main result of this paper is the incremental extension of the singly connected polytree network in such a way that the network retains its singly connected polytree structure after the changes .
0	A verb Y is a hypernym of the verb X if the activity X is a ( kind of ) Y .
1	We conclude with a discussion of how automated measures of visual and semantic interpretability of data projections can be used together for exploratory analysis in classification tasks .
0	It is surprising that the set of cost allocations that satisfies all four axioms is unique .
1	We next observe that one approach to flexibility used in the economics literature is already implicitly accounted for in the Maximum Expected Utility ( MEU ) principle from decision theory .
0	In this section we give the implementation details of the experimental setup used in the experiments from Sect .
1	Theoretical and empirical evidence indicates that the depth of neural networks is crucial for their success .
0	The term annotated planning is sometimes used to refer to a number of similar techniques of adding control information to a planner .
1	One common solution is to pivot through a third language for which there exist parallel corpora with the source and target languages .
0	while events can range from a simple service request to a road accident .
1	In this technical report we describe the procedure we used to generate BBSS problem instances from data of the CitiBike NYC bike sharing system .
0	Dangers from adversarial agents are covered in their own category .
1	This algorithm has been used in optimizing a large number of numerical problems .
0	The proposed approach starts with the small set of training examples .
1	This approach however does not provide us with any guarantee for the agent .
0	In 14th Annual Meeting of the Association for Natural Language Processing .
1	K2 is a particular instantiation of the method that implements a greedy search strategy .
0	The following guidelines are proposed for fair comparing and ranking of submissions .
1	It allows us to capture the notion of proximity in information content among the distributions .
0	if V is the answer set of the reduct P ( V 0 ) .
1	Decision theory has become widely accepted in the AI community as a useful framework for planning and decision making .
0	Greater elements in this ordering have more chances of being processed than lesser elements .
1	Hashtags are used to cluster documents into different topic sets .
0	GSEARCH then called GPOMDP to obtain an estimate T of the gradient direction .
1	It is also the case that the cost of misclassifying an abnormal ( interesting ) example as a normal example is often much higher than the cost of the reverse error .
0	It refers to situations where a probability distribution over possible outcomes can be ranked as superior to another .
1	Rating and recommendation systems have become a popular application area for applying a suite of machine learning techniques .
0	Note also that this is not a generally applicable methodology for representing defaults .
1	We train our model on one video game ( Road Rash ) and tested the accuracy and compared it by running the model on other maps in Road Rash to determine the extent of learning .
0	Table 3 summarises what composable relations can be joined to form compounded relations .
1	The experiments conducted on a public available large manipulation action dataset validate the theoretical framework and our implementation .
0	Let hy be a function realized by a convolutional arithmetic circuit ( fig .
1	Anomaly detection is being regarded as an unsupervised learning task as anomalies stem from adversarial or unlikely events with unknown distributions .
0	In such cases the system may request from participants to make additional appraisals .
1	We introduce techniques for rapidly transferring the information stored in one neural net into another neural net .
0	Our objective is to find the minimum power level necessary to send data from a source device to a destination device .
1	Two variants of the algorithm are developed and tested using data from randomly generated networks of sizes from 15 to 45 nodes with data sizes ranging from 250 to 2000 records .
0	Mixed integer linear programming is the discrete version of linear programming with an additional requirement that particular variables must be integers .
1	The proposed TopicRNN model integrates the merits of RNNs and latent topic models : it captures local ( syntactic ) dependencies using an RNN and global ( semantic ) dependencies using latent topics .
0	is an upper bound on FS ( B ) for any bundle B of size c which therefore completes the proof .
1	We examine the computational complexity of testing and finding small plans in probabilistic planning domains with succinct representations .
0	The manual transcripts include beginning and end times of utterances and per word language identification .
1	The routing strategies developed for WMNs must be efficient to make it an operationally self configurable network .
0	They take a total number of 30 courses for 100 levels and 200 levels .
1	Who would want an architect who can not certify the soundness of the foundations of his buildings ?
0	The third observation is that the flexibility multiplied by the number of successors has a negative correlation with the number of violations .
1	Plan reuse may offer an interesting alternative to plan generation in some settings .
0	Formulas which are not the premiss of any link are called the conclusions of the proof structure .
1	This paper presents a set of decision theoretically motivated heuristics for diagnosing situations in which a model is likely to provide an inadequate representation of the process being modeled .
0	Now the answer to SNR is YES iff the resulting IP is not satisfiable .
1	with different information content ) such that the neural net can better learn using less bits .
0	The way in which this is performed depends on the particular case and implementation choices .
1	So it becomes a basic need that coins can be sorted and counted automatically .
0	This provides a disciplined prescription for learning features at every level .
1	We evaluate the framework with a series of tasks in a chess rule learning domain .
0	This is similar to modularity [ 6 ] ( discussed later ) in the sense that it compares the clustering results to a reference model .
1	Unawareness of an event is characterized behaviorally as the event being null and its negation being null .
0	Theorem 3 simply applies this argument to each subspace and the sum of the remaining subspaces one at a time .
1	Constraint Programming ( CP ) solvers typically tackle optimization problems by repeatedly finding solutions to a problem while placing tighter and tighter bounds on the solution cost .
0	This slightly complicates the computation of the expectation of the two sums defining Q in ( 10 ) .
1	The first structure just partitions the focal elements in a body of evidence by their cardinality .
0	The Neutrosophic Offcomplement ( Offnegation ) ... ... ... ... ... ... . 118 Example of Neutrosophic Offset Operators ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 119 53 .
1	This paper relates comparative belief structures and a general view of belief management in the setting of deductively closed logical representations of accepted beliefs .
0	The boundedness axiom enforces the assumption that we made earlier that every menu has utilities that are bounded from above .
1	We show that the structure at which we arrive provides a natural home for statistical inference .
0	Insertions and deletions in music tend to influence surrounding events .
1	Experiments have shown that likelihood weighting is one of the most promising simulation schemes .
0	We demonstrate how our features capture the varied levels of complexity .
1	The decomposition of such constraints is a standard technique for obtaining an adequate propagation algorithm from a combination of propagators designed for simpler constraints .
0	lion bcookies3 randomly selected from all bcookies during March 2010 .
1	Our analysis also sheds new light on the manner in which PI progresses through the space of policies .
0	The regression setup and features are based on the work by Malakasiotis et al .
1	A further specialization and extension of the formalism with a context type enable effective account of intensional and dynamic semantics .
0	In the following subsection we deal with Bayesian games without probabilistic information .
1	The clique tree algorithm is the standard method for doing inference in Bayesian networks .
0	An ideal string is received with certainty after any action is performed .
1	We show that the selectron encodes reward estimates into spikes and that an error bound on spikes is controlled by a spiking margin and the sum of synaptic weights .
0	For any interpretation I and any ground formula F w.r.t .
1	Up to now the control strategy is restricted to multi hierarchical knowledge bases with disjunct hierarchies .
0	In this paper we focus on the following updater inspired by Baltag et al .
1	This paper reviews data mining techniques currently in use on analysing SM and looked at other data mining techniques that can be considered in the field .
0	( Right ) : visualization of some of the rows of W. This figure is better seen on a computer screen .
1	We study the problem of transferring a sample in one domain to an analog sample in another domain .
0	In this section we consider the aspects of this integration which were implemented for Process Makna .
1	This is common when the area to be secured is wide such as in border patrolling and fair site surveillance .
0	Some skills have optimal ranges to be used at and so P ( Di ) will be affected .
1	We describe generalizations of both the MDP and POMDP models that allow for decentralized control .
0	The simulation results carefully analyzed and discussed in Chapter 5 .
1	Clinical decision support systems have been developed to help physicians to take clinical guidelines into account during consultations .
0	Chapter 1 provides a background relating to the challenges of autonomous operation of AUV .
1	Development time and effort for new applications can be reduced with service composition .
0	Each bcookie is associated with a sparse binary feature vector of size around 5000 .
1	This is why nowadays most bike sharing system providers take measures to rebalance them .