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0 9 Structure evidence Structure of the Dual-Mode Wnt Regulator Kremen1 and Insight into Ternary Complex Formation with LRP6 and Dickkopf TITLE
27 30 Wnt protein_type Structure of the Dual-Mode Wnt Regulator Kremen1 and Insight into Ternary Complex Formation with LRP6 and Dickkopf TITLE
41 48 Kremen1 protein Structure of the Dual-Mode Wnt Regulator Kremen1 and Insight into Ternary Complex Formation with LRP6 and Dickkopf TITLE
97 101 LRP6 protein Structure of the Dual-Mode Wnt Regulator Kremen1 and Insight into Ternary Complex Formation with LRP6 and Dickkopf TITLE
106 114 Dickkopf protein_type Structure of the Dual-Mode Wnt Regulator Kremen1 and Insight into Ternary Complex Formation with LRP6 and Dickkopf TITLE
0 14 Kremen 1 and 2 protein_type Kremen 1 and 2 have been identified as co-receptors for Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins, hallmark secreted antagonists of canonical Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
39 51 co-receptors protein_type Kremen 1 and 2 have been identified as co-receptors for Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins, hallmark secreted antagonists of canonical Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
56 64 Dickkopf protein_type Kremen 1 and 2 have been identified as co-receptors for Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins, hallmark secreted antagonists of canonical Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
66 69 Dkk protein_type Kremen 1 and 2 have been identified as co-receptors for Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins, hallmark secreted antagonists of canonical Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
124 127 Wnt protein_type Kremen 1 and 2 have been identified as co-receptors for Dickkopf (Dkk) proteins, hallmark secreted antagonists of canonical Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
22 40 crystal structures evidence We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
48 58 ectodomain structure_element We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
62 67 human species We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
68 75 Kremen1 protein We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
77 81 KRM1 protein We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
81 84 ECD structure_element We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
124 128 KRM1 protein We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
128 131 ECD structure_element We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
198 220 triangular arrangement protein_state We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
228 235 Kringle structure_element We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
237 240 WSC structure_element We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
246 249 CUB structure_element We present here three crystal structures of the ectodomain of human Kremen1 (KRM1ECD) at resolutions between 1.9 and 3.2Β Γ…. KRM1ECD emerges as a rigid molecule with tight interactions stabilizing a triangular arrangement of its Kringle, WSC, and CUB structural domains. ABSTRACT
4 14 structures evidence The structures reveal an unpredicted homology of the WSC domain to hepatocyte growth factor. ABSTRACT
53 56 WSC structure_element The structures reveal an unpredicted homology of the WSC domain to hepatocyte growth factor. ABSTRACT
67 91 hepatocyte growth factor protein_type The structures reveal an unpredicted homology of the WSC domain to hepatocyte growth factor. ABSTRACT
80 83 Wnt protein_type We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
84 95 co-receptor protein_type We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
96 102 Lrp5/6 protein_type We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
104 107 Dkk protein_type We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
113 116 Krm protein_type We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
159 176 crystal structure evidence We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
185 221 Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 structure_element We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
229 232 Wnt protein_type We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
233 244 co-receptor protein_type We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
245 249 LRP6 protein We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
251 255 LRP6 protein We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
255 261 PE3PE4 structure_element We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
268 290 cysteine-rich domain 2 structure_element We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
292 296 CRD2 structure_element We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
301 305 DKK1 protein We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
311 315 KRM1 protein We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
315 318 ECD structure_element We further report the general architecture of the ternary complex formed by the Wnt co-receptor Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, determined from a low-resolution complex crystal structure between Ξ²-propeller/EGF repeats (PE) 3 and 4 of the Wnt co-receptor LRP6 (LRP6PE3PE4), the cysteine-rich domain 2 (CRD2) of DKK1, and KRM1ECD. ABSTRACT
0 4 DKK1 protein DKK1CRD2 is sandwiched between LRP6PE3 and KRM1Kringle-WSC. ABSTRACT
4 8 CRD2 structure_element DKK1CRD2 is sandwiched between LRP6PE3 and KRM1Kringle-WSC. ABSTRACT
31 35 LRP6 protein DKK1CRD2 is sandwiched between LRP6PE3 and KRM1Kringle-WSC. ABSTRACT
35 38 PE3 structure_element DKK1CRD2 is sandwiched between LRP6PE3 and KRM1Kringle-WSC. ABSTRACT
43 47 KRM1 protein DKK1CRD2 is sandwiched between LRP6PE3 and KRM1Kringle-WSC. ABSTRACT
47 58 Kringle-WSC structure_element DKK1CRD2 is sandwiched between LRP6PE3 and KRM1Kringle-WSC. ABSTRACT
0 8 Modeling experimental_method Modeling studies supported by surface plasmon resonance suggest a direct interaction site between Krm1CUB and Lrp6PE2. ABSTRACT
30 55 surface plasmon resonance experimental_method Modeling studies supported by surface plasmon resonance suggest a direct interaction site between Krm1CUB and Lrp6PE2. ABSTRACT
73 89 interaction site site Modeling studies supported by surface plasmon resonance suggest a direct interaction site between Krm1CUB and Lrp6PE2. ABSTRACT
98 102 Krm1 protein Modeling studies supported by surface plasmon resonance suggest a direct interaction site between Krm1CUB and Lrp6PE2. ABSTRACT
102 105 CUB structure_element Modeling studies supported by surface plasmon resonance suggest a direct interaction site between Krm1CUB and Lrp6PE2. ABSTRACT
110 114 Lrp6 protein Modeling studies supported by surface plasmon resonance suggest a direct interaction site between Krm1CUB and Lrp6PE2. ABSTRACT
114 117 PE2 structure_element Modeling studies supported by surface plasmon resonance suggest a direct interaction site between Krm1CUB and Lrp6PE2. ABSTRACT
4 13 structure evidence The structure of the KREMEN 1 ectodomain is solved from three crystal forms ABSTRACT
21 29 KREMEN 1 protein The structure of the KREMEN 1 ectodomain is solved from three crystal forms ABSTRACT
30 40 ectodomain structure_element The structure of the KREMEN 1 ectodomain is solved from three crystal forms ABSTRACT
44 50 solved experimental_method The structure of the KREMEN 1 ectodomain is solved from three crystal forms ABSTRACT
62 75 crystal forms evidence The structure of the KREMEN 1 ectodomain is solved from three crystal forms ABSTRACT
0 7 Kringle structure_element Kringle, WSC, and CUB subdomains interact tightly to form a single structural unit ABSTRACT
9 12 WSC structure_element Kringle, WSC, and CUB subdomains interact tightly to form a single structural unit ABSTRACT
18 21 CUB structure_element Kringle, WSC, and CUB subdomains interact tightly to form a single structural unit ABSTRACT
4 13 interface site The interface to DKKs is formed from the Kringle and WSC domains ABSTRACT
17 21 DKKs protein_type The interface to DKKs is formed from the Kringle and WSC domains ABSTRACT
41 48 Kringle structure_element The interface to DKKs is formed from the Kringle and WSC domains ABSTRACT
53 56 WSC structure_element The interface to DKKs is formed from the Kringle and WSC domains ABSTRACT
4 7 CUB structure_element The CUB domain is found to interact directly with LRP6PE1PE2 ABSTRACT
50 54 LRP6 protein The CUB domain is found to interact directly with LRP6PE1PE2 ABSTRACT
54 60 PE1PE2 structure_element The CUB domain is found to interact directly with LRP6PE1PE2 ABSTRACT
28 38 ectodomain structure_element Zebisch etΒ al. describe the ectodomain structure of KREMEN 1, a receptor for Wnt antagonists of the DKK family. ABSTRACT
39 48 structure evidence Zebisch etΒ al. describe the ectodomain structure of KREMEN 1, a receptor for Wnt antagonists of the DKK family. ABSTRACT
52 60 KREMEN 1 protein Zebisch etΒ al. describe the ectodomain structure of KREMEN 1, a receptor for Wnt antagonists of the DKK family. ABSTRACT
64 72 receptor protein_type Zebisch etΒ al. describe the ectodomain structure of KREMEN 1, a receptor for Wnt antagonists of the DKK family. ABSTRACT
77 80 Wnt protein_type Zebisch etΒ al. describe the ectodomain structure of KREMEN 1, a receptor for Wnt antagonists of the DKK family. ABSTRACT
100 103 DKK protein_type Zebisch etΒ al. describe the ectodomain structure of KREMEN 1, a receptor for Wnt antagonists of the DKK family. ABSTRACT
0 3 Apo protein_state Apo structures and a complex with functional fragments of DKK1 and LRP6 shed light on the function of this dual-mode regulator of Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
4 14 structures evidence Apo structures and a complex with functional fragments of DKK1 and LRP6 shed light on the function of this dual-mode regulator of Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
21 33 complex with protein_state Apo structures and a complex with functional fragments of DKK1 and LRP6 shed light on the function of this dual-mode regulator of Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
34 54 functional fragments protein_state Apo structures and a complex with functional fragments of DKK1 and LRP6 shed light on the function of this dual-mode regulator of Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
58 62 DKK1 protein Apo structures and a complex with functional fragments of DKK1 and LRP6 shed light on the function of this dual-mode regulator of Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
67 71 LRP6 protein Apo structures and a complex with functional fragments of DKK1 and LRP6 shed light on the function of this dual-mode regulator of Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
130 133 Wnt protein_type Apo structures and a complex with functional fragments of DKK1 and LRP6 shed light on the function of this dual-mode regulator of Wnt signaling. ABSTRACT
13 16 Wnt protein_type Signaling by Wnt morphogens is renowned for its fundamental roles in embryonic development, tissue homeostasis, and stem cell maintenance. INTRO
68 71 Wnt protein_type Due to these functions, generation, delivery, and interpretation of Wnt signals are all heavily regulated in the animal body. INTRO
0 10 Vertebrate taxonomy_domain Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
11 19 Dickkopf protein_type Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
30 34 Dkk1 protein_type Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
36 37 2 protein_type Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
43 44 4 protein_type Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
86 89 Wnt protein_type Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
129 132 Wnt protein_type Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
133 144 co-receptor protein_type Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
145 151 LRP5/6 protein Vertebrate Dickkopf proteins (Dkk1, 2, and 4) are one of many secreted antagonists of Wnt and function by blocking access to the Wnt co-receptor LRP5/6. INTRO
0 6 Kremen protein_type Kremen proteins (Krm1 and Krm2) have been identified as additional high-affinity transmembrane receptors for Dkk. INTRO
17 21 Krm1 protein_type Kremen proteins (Krm1 and Krm2) have been identified as additional high-affinity transmembrane receptors for Dkk. INTRO
26 30 Krm2 protein_type Kremen proteins (Krm1 and Krm2) have been identified as additional high-affinity transmembrane receptors for Dkk. INTRO
81 104 transmembrane receptors protein_type Kremen proteins (Krm1 and Krm2) have been identified as additional high-affinity transmembrane receptors for Dkk. INTRO
109 112 Dkk protein_type Kremen proteins (Krm1 and Krm2) have been identified as additional high-affinity transmembrane receptors for Dkk. INTRO
0 3 Krm protein_type Krm and Dkk synergize in Wnt inhibition during Xenopus embryogenesis to regulate anterior-posterior patterning. INTRO
8 11 Dkk protein_type Krm and Dkk synergize in Wnt inhibition during Xenopus embryogenesis to regulate anterior-posterior patterning. INTRO
25 28 Wnt protein_type Krm and Dkk synergize in Wnt inhibition during Xenopus embryogenesis to regulate anterior-posterior patterning. INTRO
47 54 Xenopus taxonomy_domain Krm and Dkk synergize in Wnt inhibition during Xenopus embryogenesis to regulate anterior-posterior patterning. INTRO
43 54 presence of protein_state Mechanistically it is thought that, in the presence of Dkk, Krm forms a ternary complex with Lrp6, which is then rapidly endocytosed. INTRO
55 58 Dkk protein_type Mechanistically it is thought that, in the presence of Dkk, Krm forms a ternary complex with Lrp6, which is then rapidly endocytosed. INTRO
60 63 Krm protein_type Mechanistically it is thought that, in the presence of Dkk, Krm forms a ternary complex with Lrp6, which is then rapidly endocytosed. INTRO
80 92 complex with protein_state Mechanistically it is thought that, in the presence of Dkk, Krm forms a ternary complex with Lrp6, which is then rapidly endocytosed. INTRO
93 97 Lrp6 protein_type Mechanistically it is thought that, in the presence of Dkk, Krm forms a ternary complex with Lrp6, which is then rapidly endocytosed. INTRO
29 32 Wnt protein_type This amplifies the intrinsic Wnt antagonistic activity of Dkk by efficiently depleting the cell surface of the Wnt co-receptor. INTRO
58 61 Dkk protein_type This amplifies the intrinsic Wnt antagonistic activity of Dkk by efficiently depleting the cell surface of the Wnt co-receptor. INTRO
111 114 Wnt protein_type This amplifies the intrinsic Wnt antagonistic activity of Dkk by efficiently depleting the cell surface of the Wnt co-receptor. INTRO
115 126 co-receptor protein_type This amplifies the intrinsic Wnt antagonistic activity of Dkk by efficiently depleting the cell surface of the Wnt co-receptor. INTRO
25 29 Krm1 protein_type In accordance with this, Krm1βˆ’/βˆ’ and Krm2βˆ’/βˆ’ double knockout mice show a high bone mass phenotype typical of increased Wnt signaling, as well as growth of ectopic forelimb digits. INTRO
37 41 Krm2 protein_type In accordance with this, Krm1βˆ’/βˆ’ and Krm2βˆ’/βˆ’ double knockout mice show a high bone mass phenotype typical of increased Wnt signaling, as well as growth of ectopic forelimb digits. INTRO
45 60 double knockout experimental_method In accordance with this, Krm1βˆ’/βˆ’ and Krm2βˆ’/βˆ’ double knockout mice show a high bone mass phenotype typical of increased Wnt signaling, as well as growth of ectopic forelimb digits. INTRO
61 65 mice taxonomy_domain In accordance with this, Krm1βˆ’/βˆ’ and Krm2βˆ’/βˆ’ double knockout mice show a high bone mass phenotype typical of increased Wnt signaling, as well as growth of ectopic forelimb digits. INTRO
119 122 Wnt protein_type In accordance with this, Krm1βˆ’/βˆ’ and Krm2βˆ’/βˆ’ double knockout mice show a high bone mass phenotype typical of increased Wnt signaling, as well as growth of ectopic forelimb digits. INTRO
69 72 dkk protein_type Growth of ectopic digits is further enhanced upon additional loss of dkk expression. INTRO
4 7 Wnt protein_type The Wnt antagonistic activity of Krm1 is also linked to its importance for correct thymus epithelium formation in mice. INTRO
33 37 Krm1 protein_type The Wnt antagonistic activity of Krm1 is also linked to its importance for correct thymus epithelium formation in mice. INTRO
114 118 mice taxonomy_domain The Wnt antagonistic activity of Krm1 is also linked to its importance for correct thymus epithelium formation in mice. INTRO
18 24 intact protein_state The importance of intact KRM1 for normal human development and health is highlighted by the recent finding that a homozygous mutation in the ectodomain of KRM1 leads to severe ectodermal dysplasia including oligodontia. INTRO
25 29 KRM1 protein The importance of intact KRM1 for normal human development and health is highlighted by the recent finding that a homozygous mutation in the ectodomain of KRM1 leads to severe ectodermal dysplasia including oligodontia. INTRO
41 46 human species The importance of intact KRM1 for normal human development and health is highlighted by the recent finding that a homozygous mutation in the ectodomain of KRM1 leads to severe ectodermal dysplasia including oligodontia. INTRO
141 151 ectodomain structure_element The importance of intact KRM1 for normal human development and health is highlighted by the recent finding that a homozygous mutation in the ectodomain of KRM1 leads to severe ectodermal dysplasia including oligodontia. INTRO
155 159 KRM1 protein The importance of intact KRM1 for normal human development and health is highlighted by the recent finding that a homozygous mutation in the ectodomain of KRM1 leads to severe ectodermal dysplasia including oligodontia. INTRO
19 22 Wnt protein_type Interestingly, the Wnt antagonistic activity of Krm is context dependent, and Krm proteins are actually dual-mode Wnt regulators. INTRO
48 51 Krm protein_type Interestingly, the Wnt antagonistic activity of Krm is context dependent, and Krm proteins are actually dual-mode Wnt regulators. INTRO
78 81 Krm protein_type Interestingly, the Wnt antagonistic activity of Krm is context dependent, and Krm proteins are actually dual-mode Wnt regulators. INTRO
114 117 Wnt protein_type Interestingly, the Wnt antagonistic activity of Krm is context dependent, and Krm proteins are actually dual-mode Wnt regulators. INTRO
7 17 absence of protein_state In the absence of Dkk, Krm1 and 2 change their function from inhibition to enhancement of Lrp6-mediated signaling. INTRO
18 21 Dkk protein_type In the absence of Dkk, Krm1 and 2 change their function from inhibition to enhancement of Lrp6-mediated signaling. INTRO
23 27 Krm1 protein_type In the absence of Dkk, Krm1 and 2 change their function from inhibition to enhancement of Lrp6-mediated signaling. INTRO
32 33 2 protein_type In the absence of Dkk, Krm1 and 2 change their function from inhibition to enhancement of Lrp6-mediated signaling. INTRO
90 94 Lrp6 protein_type In the absence of Dkk, Krm1 and 2 change their function from inhibition to enhancement of Lrp6-mediated signaling. INTRO
21 25 Lrp6 protein_type By direct binding to Lrp6 via the ectodomains, Krm proteins promote Lrp6 cell-surface localization and hence increase receptor availability. INTRO
34 45 ectodomains structure_element By direct binding to Lrp6 via the ectodomains, Krm proteins promote Lrp6 cell-surface localization and hence increase receptor availability. INTRO
47 50 Krm protein_type By direct binding to Lrp6 via the ectodomains, Krm proteins promote Lrp6 cell-surface localization and hence increase receptor availability. INTRO
68 72 Lrp6 protein_type By direct binding to Lrp6 via the ectodomains, Krm proteins promote Lrp6 cell-surface localization and hence increase receptor availability. INTRO
37 40 Krm protein_type Further increasing the complexity of Krm functionality, it was recently found that Krm1 (but not Krm2) can also act independently of LRP5/6 and Wnt as a dependence receptor, triggering apoptosis unless bound to Dkk. INTRO
83 87 Krm1 protein_type Further increasing the complexity of Krm functionality, it was recently found that Krm1 (but not Krm2) can also act independently of LRP5/6 and Wnt as a dependence receptor, triggering apoptosis unless bound to Dkk. INTRO
97 101 Krm2 protein_type Further increasing the complexity of Krm functionality, it was recently found that Krm1 (but not Krm2) can also act independently of LRP5/6 and Wnt as a dependence receptor, triggering apoptosis unless bound to Dkk. INTRO
133 139 LRP5/6 protein Further increasing the complexity of Krm functionality, it was recently found that Krm1 (but not Krm2) can also act independently of LRP5/6 and Wnt as a dependence receptor, triggering apoptosis unless bound to Dkk. INTRO
144 147 Wnt protein_type Further increasing the complexity of Krm functionality, it was recently found that Krm1 (but not Krm2) can also act independently of LRP5/6 and Wnt as a dependence receptor, triggering apoptosis unless bound to Dkk. INTRO
202 210 bound to protein_state Further increasing the complexity of Krm functionality, it was recently found that Krm1 (but not Krm2) can also act independently of LRP5/6 and Wnt as a dependence receptor, triggering apoptosis unless bound to Dkk. INTRO
211 214 Dkk protein_type Further increasing the complexity of Krm functionality, it was recently found that Krm1 (but not Krm2) can also act independently of LRP5/6 and Wnt as a dependence receptor, triggering apoptosis unless bound to Dkk. INTRO
14 18 Krm1 protein_type Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
23 24 2 protein_type Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
29 58 type I transmembrane proteins protein_type Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
73 83 ectodomain structure_element Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
90 98 flexible protein_state Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
99 115 cytoplasmic tail structure_element Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
130 132 60 residue_range Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
133 135 75 residue_range Structurally, Krm1 and 2 are type I transmembrane proteins with a 40Β kDa ectodomain and a flexible cytoplasmic tail consisting of 60–75 residues. INTRO
4 14 ectodomain structure_element The ectodomain consists of three similarly sized structural domains of around 10Β kDa each: the N-terminal Kringle domain (KR) is followed by a WSC domain of unknown fold. INTRO
106 113 Kringle structure_element The ectodomain consists of three similarly sized structural domains of around 10Β kDa each: the N-terminal Kringle domain (KR) is followed by a WSC domain of unknown fold. INTRO
122 124 KR structure_element The ectodomain consists of three similarly sized structural domains of around 10Β kDa each: the N-terminal Kringle domain (KR) is followed by a WSC domain of unknown fold. INTRO
143 146 WSC structure_element The ectodomain consists of three similarly sized structural domains of around 10Β kDa each: the N-terminal Kringle domain (KR) is followed by a WSC domain of unknown fold. INTRO
33 36 CUB structure_element The third structural domain is a CUB domain. INTRO
3 27 approximately 70-residue residue_range An approximately 70-residue linker connects the CUB domain to the transmembrane span. INTRO
28 34 linker structure_element An approximately 70-residue linker connects the CUB domain to the transmembrane span. INTRO
48 51 CUB structure_element An approximately 70-residue linker connects the CUB domain to the transmembrane span. INTRO
66 84 transmembrane span structure_element An approximately 70-residue linker connects the CUB domain to the transmembrane span. INTRO
3 9 intact protein_state An intact KR-WSC-CUB domain triplet and membrane attachment is required for Wnt antagonism. INTRO
10 20 KR-WSC-CUB structure_element An intact KR-WSC-CUB domain triplet and membrane attachment is required for Wnt antagonism. INTRO
76 79 Wnt protein_type An intact KR-WSC-CUB domain triplet and membrane attachment is required for Wnt antagonism. INTRO
4 22 transmembrane span structure_element The transmembrane span and cytoplasmic tail can be replaced with a GPI linker without impact on Wnt antagonism. INTRO
27 43 cytoplasmic tail structure_element The transmembrane span and cytoplasmic tail can be replaced with a GPI linker without impact on Wnt antagonism. INTRO
67 70 GPI structure_element The transmembrane span and cytoplasmic tail can be replaced with a GPI linker without impact on Wnt antagonism. INTRO
71 77 linker structure_element The transmembrane span and cytoplasmic tail can be replaced with a GPI linker without impact on Wnt antagonism. INTRO
96 99 Wnt protein_type The transmembrane span and cytoplasmic tail can be replaced with a GPI linker without impact on Wnt antagonism. INTRO
4 14 structures evidence The structures presented here reveal the unknown fold of the WSC domain and the tight interactions of all three domains. INTRO
61 64 WSC structure_element The structures presented here reveal the unknown fold of the WSC domain and the tight interactions of all three domains. INTRO
58 85 LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex_assembly We further succeeded in determination of a low-resolution LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex, defining the architecture of the Wnt inhibitory complex that leads to Lrp6 cell-surface depletion. INTRO
128 131 Wnt protein_type We further succeeded in determination of a low-resolution LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex, defining the architecture of the Wnt inhibitory complex that leads to Lrp6 cell-surface depletion. INTRO
132 150 inhibitory complex complex_assembly We further succeeded in determination of a low-resolution LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex, defining the architecture of the Wnt inhibitory complex that leads to Lrp6 cell-surface depletion. INTRO
165 169 Lrp6 protein We further succeeded in determination of a low-resolution LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex, defining the architecture of the Wnt inhibitory complex that leads to Lrp6 cell-surface depletion. INTRO
34 54 extracellular domain structure_element The recombinant production of the extracellular domain of Krm for structural studies proved challenging (see Experimental Procedures). RESULTS
58 61 Krm protein_type The recombinant production of the extracellular domain of Krm for structural studies proved challenging (see Experimental Procedures). RESULTS
66 84 structural studies experimental_method The recombinant production of the extracellular domain of Krm for structural studies proved challenging (see Experimental Procedures). RESULTS
26 30 KRM1 protein We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
30 33 ECD structure_element We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
34 48 complexes with protein_state We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
49 55 DKK1fl protein We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
57 61 DKK1 protein We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
61 72 Linker-CRD2 structure_element We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
78 82 DKK1 protein We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
82 86 CRD2 structure_element We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
124 138 gel filtration experimental_method We succeeded in purifying KRM1ECD complexes with DKK1fl, DKK1Linker-CRD2, and DKK1CRD2 that were monodisperse and stable in gel filtration, hence indicating at least micromolar affinity (data not shown). RESULTS
8 21 crystal forms evidence Several crystal forms were obtained from these complexes, however, crystals always contained only KRM1 protein. RESULTS
67 75 crystals evidence Several crystal forms were obtained from these complexes, however, crystals always contained only KRM1 protein. RESULTS
98 102 KRM1 protein Several crystal forms were obtained from these complexes, however, crystals always contained only KRM1 protein. RESULTS
3 9 solved experimental_method We solved the structure of KRM1ECD in three crystal forms at 1.9, 2.8, and 3.2Β Γ… resolution (Table 1). RESULTS
14 23 structure evidence We solved the structure of KRM1ECD in three crystal forms at 1.9, 2.8, and 3.2Β Γ… resolution (Table 1). RESULTS
27 31 KRM1 protein We solved the structure of KRM1ECD in three crystal forms at 1.9, 2.8, and 3.2Β Γ… resolution (Table 1). RESULTS
31 34 ECD structure_element We solved the structure of KRM1ECD in three crystal forms at 1.9, 2.8, and 3.2Β Γ… resolution (Table 1). RESULTS
20 29 structure evidence The high-resolution structure is a near full-length model (FigureΒ 1). RESULTS
40 51 full-length protein_state The high-resolution structure is a near full-length model (FigureΒ 1). RESULTS
4 9 small protein_state The small, flexible, and charged 98AEHED102 loop could only be modeled in a slightly lower resolution structure and in crystal form III. RESULTS
11 19 flexible protein_state The small, flexible, and charged 98AEHED102 loop could only be modeled in a slightly lower resolution structure and in crystal form III. RESULTS
25 32 charged protein_state The small, flexible, and charged 98AEHED102 loop could only be modeled in a slightly lower resolution structure and in crystal form III. RESULTS
33 48 98AEHED102 loop structure_element The small, flexible, and charged 98AEHED102 loop could only be modeled in a slightly lower resolution structure and in crystal form III. RESULTS
102 111 structure evidence The small, flexible, and charged 98AEHED102 loop could only be modeled in a slightly lower resolution structure and in crystal form III. RESULTS
4 6 KR structure_element The KR, WSC, and CUB are arranged in a roughly triangular fashion with tight interactions between all three domains. RESULTS
8 11 WSC structure_element The KR, WSC, and CUB are arranged in a roughly triangular fashion with tight interactions between all three domains. RESULTS
17 20 CUB structure_element The KR, WSC, and CUB are arranged in a roughly triangular fashion with tight interactions between all three domains. RESULTS
4 6 KR structure_element The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
43 62 glycosylation sites site The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
93 110 disulfide bridges ptm The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
112 115 C32 residue_name_number The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
116 120 C114 residue_name_number The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
122 125 C55 residue_name_number The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
126 129 C95 residue_name_number The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
131 134 C84 residue_name_number The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
135 139 C109 residue_name_number The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
157 164 Kringle structure_element The KR domain, which bears two of the four glycosylation sites, contains the canonical three disulfide bridges (C32-C114, C55-C95, C84-C109) and, like other Kringle domains, is low in secondary structure elements. RESULTS
30 37 Kringle structure_element The structurally most similar Kringle domain is that of human plasminogen (PDB: 1PKR) with an root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of 1.7Β Γ… for 73 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
56 61 human species The structurally most similar Kringle domain is that of human plasminogen (PDB: 1PKR) with an root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of 1.7Β Γ… for 73 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
62 73 plasminogen protein The structurally most similar Kringle domain is that of human plasminogen (PDB: 1PKR) with an root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of 1.7Β Γ… for 73 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
94 120 root-mean-square deviation evidence The structurally most similar Kringle domain is that of human plasminogen (PDB: 1PKR) with an root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of 1.7Β Γ… for 73 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
122 126 RMSD evidence The structurally most similar Kringle domain is that of human plasminogen (PDB: 1PKR) with an root-mean-square deviation (RMSD) of 1.7Β Γ… for 73 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
4 8 KRM1 protein The KRM1 structure reveals the fold of the WSC domain for the first time. RESULTS
9 18 structure evidence The KRM1 structure reveals the fold of the WSC domain for the first time. RESULTS
43 46 WSC structure_element The KRM1 structure reveals the fold of the WSC domain for the first time. RESULTS
4 13 structure evidence The structure is best described as a sandwich of a Ξ²1-Ξ²5-Ξ²3-Ξ²4-Ξ²2 antiparallel Ξ² sheet and a single Ξ± helix. RESULTS
37 45 sandwich structure_element The structure is best described as a sandwich of a Ξ²1-Ξ²5-Ξ²3-Ξ²4-Ξ²2 antiparallel Ξ² sheet and a single Ξ± helix. RESULTS
51 86 Ξ²1-Ξ²5-Ξ²3-Ξ²4-Ξ²2 antiparallel Ξ² sheet structure_element The structure is best described as a sandwich of a Ξ²1-Ξ²5-Ξ²3-Ξ²4-Ξ²2 antiparallel Ξ² sheet and a single Ξ± helix. RESULTS
100 107 Ξ± helix structure_element The structure is best described as a sandwich of a Ξ²1-Ξ²5-Ξ²3-Ξ²4-Ξ²2 antiparallel Ξ² sheet and a single Ξ± helix. RESULTS
4 13 structure evidence The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
30 35 loops structure_element The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
62 79 disulfide bridges ptm The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
81 85 C122 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
86 90 C186 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
92 96 C147 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
97 101 C167 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
103 107 C151 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
108 112 C169 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
114 118 C190 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
119 123 C198 residue_name_number The structure is also rich in loops and is stabilized by four disulfide bridges (C122-C186, C147-C167, C151-C169, C190-C198). RESULTS
10 25 PDBeFold server experimental_method Using the PDBeFold server, we detected a surprising yet significant homology to PAN module domains. RESULTS
80 98 PAN module domains structure_element Using the PDBeFold server, we detected a surprising yet significant homology to PAN module domains. RESULTS
35 59 hepatocyte growth factor protein_type The closest structural relative is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, PDB: 1GP9), which superposes with an RMSD of 2.3Β Γ… for 58 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
61 64 HGF protein_type The closest structural relative is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, PDB: 1GP9), which superposes with an RMSD of 2.3Β Γ… for 58 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
84 94 superposes experimental_method The closest structural relative is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, PDB: 1GP9), which superposes with an RMSD of 2.3Β Γ… for 58 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
103 107 RMSD evidence The closest structural relative is hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, PDB: 1GP9), which superposes with an RMSD of 2.3Β Γ… for 58 aligned CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
4 7 CUB structure_element The CUB domain bears two glycosylation sites. RESULTS
25 44 glycosylation sites site The CUB domain bears two glycosylation sites. RESULTS
37 53 electron density evidence Although present, the quality of the electron density around N217 did not allow modeling of the sugar moiety. RESULTS
61 65 N217 residue_name_number Although present, the quality of the electron density around N217 did not allow modeling of the sugar moiety. RESULTS
3 17 crystal form I evidence In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
21 28 calcium chemical In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
70 84 coordinated by bond_interaction In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
105 109 D263 residue_name_number In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
111 115 D266 residue_name_number In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
133 137 D306 residue_name_number In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
166 170 N309 residue_name_number In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
177 182 water chemical In crystal form I, a calcium ion is present at the canonical position coordinated by the carboxylates of D263, D266 (bidentate), and D306, as well as the carbonyl of N309 and a water molecule. RESULTS
4 23 coordination sphere site The coordination sphere deviates significantly from perfectly octahedral (not shown). RESULTS
72 79 calcium chemical This might result in the site having a low affinity and may explain why calcium is not present in the two low-resolution crystal forms. RESULTS
121 134 crystal forms evidence This might result in the site having a low affinity and may explain why calcium is not present in the two low-resolution crystal forms. RESULTS
0 7 Loss of protein_state Loss of calcium has led to loop rearrangements and partial disorder in these crystal forms. RESULTS
8 15 calcium chemical Loss of calcium has led to loop rearrangements and partial disorder in these crystal forms. RESULTS
27 31 loop structure_element Loss of calcium has led to loop rearrangements and partial disorder in these crystal forms. RESULTS
77 90 crystal forms evidence Loss of calcium has led to loop rearrangements and partial disorder in these crystal forms. RESULTS
39 44 CUB_C structure_element The closest structural relative is the CUB_C domain of Tsg-6 (PDB: 2WNO), which superposes with KRMCUB with an RMSD of 1.6Β Γ… for 104 CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
55 60 Tsg-6 protein The closest structural relative is the CUB_C domain of Tsg-6 (PDB: 2WNO), which superposes with KRMCUB with an RMSD of 1.6Β Γ… for 104 CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
80 90 superposes experimental_method The closest structural relative is the CUB_C domain of Tsg-6 (PDB: 2WNO), which superposes with KRMCUB with an RMSD of 1.6Β Γ… for 104 CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
96 99 KRM protein The closest structural relative is the CUB_C domain of Tsg-6 (PDB: 2WNO), which superposes with KRMCUB with an RMSD of 1.6Β Γ… for 104 CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
99 102 CUB structure_element The closest structural relative is the CUB_C domain of Tsg-6 (PDB: 2WNO), which superposes with KRMCUB with an RMSD of 1.6Β Γ… for 104 CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
111 115 RMSD evidence The closest structural relative is the CUB_C domain of Tsg-6 (PDB: 2WNO), which superposes with KRMCUB with an RMSD of 1.6Β Γ… for 104 CΞ± (FigureΒ 1B). RESULTS
2 15 superposition experimental_method A superposition of the three KRM1 structures reveals no major structural differences (FigureΒ 1C) as anticipated from the plethora of interactions between the three domains. RESULTS
29 33 KRM1 protein A superposition of the three KRM1 structures reveals no major structural differences (FigureΒ 1C) as anticipated from the plethora of interactions between the three domains. RESULTS
34 44 structures evidence A superposition of the three KRM1 structures reveals no major structural differences (FigureΒ 1C) as anticipated from the plethora of interactions between the three domains. RESULTS
52 69 Ca2+ binding site site Minor differences are caused by the collapse of the Ca2+ binding site in crystal forms II and III and loop flexibility in the KR domain. RESULTS
73 97 crystal forms II and III evidence Minor differences are caused by the collapse of the Ca2+ binding site in crystal forms II and III and loop flexibility in the KR domain. RESULTS
102 106 loop structure_element Minor differences are caused by the collapse of the Ca2+ binding site in crystal forms II and III and loop flexibility in the KR domain. RESULTS
126 128 KR structure_element Minor differences are caused by the collapse of the Ca2+ binding site in crystal forms II and III and loop flexibility in the KR domain. RESULTS
4 9 F207S mutant The F207S mutation recently found to cause ectodermal dysplasia in Palestinian families maps to the hydrophobic core of the protein at the interface of the three subdomains (FigureΒ 1A). RESULTS
100 116 hydrophobic core site The F207S mutation recently found to cause ectodermal dysplasia in Palestinian families maps to the hydrophobic core of the protein at the interface of the three subdomains (FigureΒ 1A). RESULTS
139 148 interface site The F207S mutation recently found to cause ectodermal dysplasia in Palestinian families maps to the hydrophobic core of the protein at the interface of the three subdomains (FigureΒ 1A). RESULTS
19 27 bound to protein_state Such a mutation is bound to severely destabilize the protein structure of KRM1, leading to disturbance of its Wnt antagonistic, Wnt stimulatory, and Wnt independent activity. RESULTS
74 78 KRM1 protein Such a mutation is bound to severely destabilize the protein structure of KRM1, leading to disturbance of its Wnt antagonistic, Wnt stimulatory, and Wnt independent activity. RESULTS
110 113 Wnt protein_type Such a mutation is bound to severely destabilize the protein structure of KRM1, leading to disturbance of its Wnt antagonistic, Wnt stimulatory, and Wnt independent activity. RESULTS
128 131 Wnt protein_type Such a mutation is bound to severely destabilize the protein structure of KRM1, leading to disturbance of its Wnt antagonistic, Wnt stimulatory, and Wnt independent activity. RESULTS
149 152 Wnt protein_type Such a mutation is bound to severely destabilize the protein structure of KRM1, leading to disturbance of its Wnt antagonistic, Wnt stimulatory, and Wnt independent activity. RESULTS
0 18 Co-crystallization experimental_method Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
22 26 LRP6 protein Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
26 32 PE3PE4 structure_element Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
38 42 DKK1 protein Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
42 46 CRD2 structure_element Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
52 56 LRP6 protein Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
56 59 PE1 structure_element Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
90 94 DKK1 protein Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
148 151 Wnt protein_type Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
166 169 Dkk protein_type Co-crystallization of LRP6PE3PE4 with DKK1CRD2, and LRP6PE1 with an N-terminal peptide of DKK1 has provided valuable structural insight into direct Wnt inhibition by Dkk ligands. RESULTS
23 27 flat protein_state One face of the rather flat DKK1CRD2 fragment binds to the third Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
28 32 DKK1 protein One face of the rather flat DKK1CRD2 fragment binds to the third Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
32 36 CRD2 structure_element One face of the rather flat DKK1CRD2 fragment binds to the third Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
46 54 binds to protein_state One face of the rather flat DKK1CRD2 fragment binds to the third Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
59 76 third Ξ² propeller structure_element One face of the rather flat DKK1CRD2 fragment binds to the third Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
80 84 LRP6 protein One face of the rather flat DKK1CRD2 fragment binds to the third Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
0 19 Mutational analyses experimental_method Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
45 49 LRP6 protein Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
49 52 PE3 structure_element Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
69 73 DKK1 protein Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
73 77 CRD2 structure_element Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
88 104 Krm binding site site Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
127 130 Dkk protein_type Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
148 157 receptors protein_type Mutational analyses further implied that the LRP6PE3-averted face of DKK1CRD2 bears the Krm binding site, hence suggesting how Dkk can recruit both receptors into a ternary complex. RESULTS
59 65 Lrp5/6 protein_type To obtain direct insight into ternary complex formation by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, we subjected an LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1fl-KRM1ECD complex to crystallization trials. RESULTS
67 70 Dkk protein_type To obtain direct insight into ternary complex formation by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, we subjected an LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1fl-KRM1ECD complex to crystallization trials. RESULTS
76 79 Krm protein_type To obtain direct insight into ternary complex formation by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, we subjected an LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1fl-KRM1ECD complex to crystallization trials. RESULTS
97 122 LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1fl-KRM1ECD complex_assembly To obtain direct insight into ternary complex formation by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, we subjected an LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1fl-KRM1ECD complex to crystallization trials. RESULTS
134 156 crystallization trials experimental_method To obtain direct insight into ternary complex formation by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm, we subjected an LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1fl-KRM1ECD complex to crystallization trials. RESULTS
0 16 Diffraction data evidence Diffraction data collected from the resulting crystals were highly anisotropic with diffraction extending in the best directions to 3.5Β Γ… and 3.7Β Γ… but only to 6.4Β Γ… in the third direction. RESULTS
46 54 crystals evidence Diffraction data collected from the resulting crystals were highly anisotropic with diffraction extending in the best directions to 3.5Β Γ… and 3.7Β Γ… but only to 6.4Β Γ… in the third direction. RESULTS
36 47 diffraction evidence Despite the lack of high-resolution diffraction, the general architecture of the ternary complex is revealed (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
0 4 DKK1 protein DKK1CRD2 binds to the top face of the LRP6 PE3 Ξ² propeller as described earlier for the binary complex. RESULTS
4 8 CRD2 structure_element DKK1CRD2 binds to the top face of the LRP6 PE3 Ξ² propeller as described earlier for the binary complex. RESULTS
9 17 binds to protein_state DKK1CRD2 binds to the top face of the LRP6 PE3 Ξ² propeller as described earlier for the binary complex. RESULTS
38 42 LRP6 protein DKK1CRD2 binds to the top face of the LRP6 PE3 Ξ² propeller as described earlier for the binary complex. RESULTS
43 46 PE3 structure_element DKK1CRD2 binds to the top face of the LRP6 PE3 Ξ² propeller as described earlier for the binary complex. RESULTS
47 58 Ξ² propeller structure_element DKK1CRD2 binds to the top face of the LRP6 PE3 Ξ² propeller as described earlier for the binary complex. RESULTS
0 4 KRM1 protein KRM1ECD does indeed bind on the opposite side of DKK1CRD2 with only its KR and WSC domains engaged in binding (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
4 7 ECD structure_element KRM1ECD does indeed bind on the opposite side of DKK1CRD2 with only its KR and WSC domains engaged in binding (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
20 27 bind on protein_state KRM1ECD does indeed bind on the opposite side of DKK1CRD2 with only its KR and WSC domains engaged in binding (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
49 53 DKK1 protein KRM1ECD does indeed bind on the opposite side of DKK1CRD2 with only its KR and WSC domains engaged in binding (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
53 57 CRD2 structure_element KRM1ECD does indeed bind on the opposite side of DKK1CRD2 with only its KR and WSC domains engaged in binding (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
72 74 KR structure_element KRM1ECD does indeed bind on the opposite side of DKK1CRD2 with only its KR and WSC domains engaged in binding (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
79 82 WSC structure_element KRM1ECD does indeed bind on the opposite side of DKK1CRD2 with only its KR and WSC domains engaged in binding (FigureΒ 2A). RESULTS
45 60 crystallization experimental_method Although present in the complex subjected to crystallization, we observe no density that could correspond to CRD1 or the domain linkerΒ (L). RESULTS
76 83 density evidence Although present in the complex subjected to crystallization, we observe no density that could correspond to CRD1 or the domain linkerΒ (L). RESULTS
109 113 CRD1 structure_element Although present in the complex subjected to crystallization, we observe no density that could correspond to CRD1 or the domain linkerΒ (L). RESULTS
121 134 domain linker structure_element Although present in the complex subjected to crystallization, we observe no density that could correspond to CRD1 or the domain linkerΒ (L). RESULTS
136 137 L structure_element Although present in the complex subjected to crystallization, we observe no density that could correspond to CRD1 or the domain linkerΒ (L). RESULTS
20 24 CRD2 structure_element We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
28 32 DKK1 protein We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
75 79 KRM1 protein We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
84 109 surface plasmon resonance experimental_method We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
111 114 SPR experimental_method We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
144 152 affinity evidence We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
161 172 full-length protein_state We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
173 177 DKK1 protein We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
194 198 KRM1 protein We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
198 201 ECD structure_element We confirm that the CRD2 of DKK1 is required and sufficient for binding to KRM1: In surface plasmon resonance (SPR), we measured low micromolar affinity between full-length DKK1 and immobilized KRM1ECD (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
2 13 SUMO fusion experimental_method A SUMO fusion of DKK1L-CRD2 displayed a similar (slightly higher) affinity. RESULTS
17 27 DKK1L-CRD2 structure_element A SUMO fusion of DKK1L-CRD2 displayed a similar (slightly higher) affinity. RESULTS
66 74 affinity evidence A SUMO fusion of DKK1L-CRD2 displayed a similar (slightly higher) affinity. RESULTS
15 26 SUMO fusion experimental_method In contrast, a SUMO fusion of DKK1CRD1-L did not display binding for concentrations tested up to 325Β ΞΌM (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
30 40 DKK1CRD1-L structure_element In contrast, a SUMO fusion of DKK1CRD1-L did not display binding for concentrations tested up to 325Β ΞΌM (FigureΒ 2B). RESULTS
13 32 DKK1-KRM1 interface site Overall, the DKK1-KRM1 interface is characterized by a large number of polar interactions but only few hydrophobic contacts (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
71 89 polar interactions bond_interaction Overall, the DKK1-KRM1 interface is characterized by a large number of polar interactions but only few hydrophobic contacts (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
103 123 hydrophobic contacts bond_interaction Overall, the DKK1-KRM1 interface is characterized by a large number of polar interactions but only few hydrophobic contacts (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
4 21 crystal structure evidence The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
47 51 DKK1 protein The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
101 105 R191 residue_name_number The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
109 113 DKK1 protein The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
129 140 salt bridge bond_interaction The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
144 148 D125 residue_name_number The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
153 157 E162 residue_name_number The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
161 165 KRM1 protein The crystal structure gives an explanation for DKK1 loss-of-binding mutations identified previously: R191 of DKK1 forms a double salt bridge to D125 and E162 of KRM1 (FigureΒ 2C). RESULTS
2 17 charge reversal experimental_method A charge reversal as in the mouse Dkk1 (mDkk1) R197E variant would severely disrupt the binding. RESULTS
28 33 mouse taxonomy_domain A charge reversal as in the mouse Dkk1 (mDkk1) R197E variant would severely disrupt the binding. RESULTS
34 38 Dkk1 protein A charge reversal as in the mouse Dkk1 (mDkk1) R197E variant would severely disrupt the binding. RESULTS
40 45 mDkk1 protein A charge reversal as in the mouse Dkk1 (mDkk1) R197E variant would severely disrupt the binding. RESULTS
47 52 R197E mutant A charge reversal as in the mouse Dkk1 (mDkk1) R197E variant would severely disrupt the binding. RESULTS
15 19 K226 residue_name_number Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
34 38 DKK1 protein Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
64 82 hydrophobic pocket site Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
101 105 KRM1 protein Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
116 120 Y108 residue_name_number Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
122 125 W94 residue_name_number Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
131 135 W106 residue_name_number Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
143 155 salt bridges bond_interaction Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
180 184 KRM1 protein Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
185 188 D88 residue_name_number Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
193 196 D90 residue_name_number Similarly, the K226 side chain of DKK1, which points to a small hydrophobic pocket on the surface of KRM1 formed by Y108, W94, and W106, forms salt bridges with the side chains of KRM1 D88 and D90. RESULTS
9 24 charge reversal experimental_method Again, a charge reversal as shown before for mDkk1 K232E would be incompatible with binding. RESULTS
45 50 mDkk1 protein Again, a charge reversal as shown before for mDkk1 K232E would be incompatible with binding. RESULTS
51 56 K232E mutant Again, a charge reversal as shown before for mDkk1 K232E would be incompatible with binding. RESULTS
18 22 DKK1 protein The side chain of DKK1 S192 was also predicted to be involved in Krm binding. RESULTS
23 27 S192 residue_name_number The side chain of DKK1 S192 was also predicted to be involved in Krm binding. RESULTS
65 68 Krm protein_type The side chain of DKK1 S192 was also predicted to be involved in Krm binding. RESULTS
52 56 D201 residue_name_number Indeed, we found (FigureΒ 2C) that the side chain of D201 of KRM1 forms two hydrogen bonds to the side-chain hydroxyl and the backbone amide of S192 (mouse, S198). RESULTS
60 64 KRM1 protein Indeed, we found (FigureΒ 2C) that the side chain of D201 of KRM1 forms two hydrogen bonds to the side-chain hydroxyl and the backbone amide of S192 (mouse, S198). RESULTS
75 89 hydrogen bonds bond_interaction Indeed, we found (FigureΒ 2C) that the side chain of D201 of KRM1 forms two hydrogen bonds to the side-chain hydroxyl and the backbone amide of S192 (mouse, S198). RESULTS
143 147 S192 residue_name_number Indeed, we found (FigureΒ 2C) that the side chain of D201 of KRM1 forms two hydrogen bonds to the side-chain hydroxyl and the backbone amide of S192 (mouse, S198). RESULTS
149 154 mouse taxonomy_domain Indeed, we found (FigureΒ 2C) that the side chain of D201 of KRM1 forms two hydrogen bonds to the side-chain hydroxyl and the backbone amide of S192 (mouse, S198). RESULTS
156 160 S198 residue_name_number Indeed, we found (FigureΒ 2C) that the side chain of D201 of KRM1 forms two hydrogen bonds to the side-chain hydroxyl and the backbone amide of S192 (mouse, S198). RESULTS
11 29 polar interactions bond_interaction Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
53 57 N140 residue_name_number Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
59 63 S163 residue_name_number Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
69 73 Y165 residue_name_number Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
89 93 KRM1 protein Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
98 102 DKK1 protein Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
125 129 W206 residue_name_number Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
131 135 L190 residue_name_number Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
141 145 C189 residue_name_number Additional polar interactions are formed between the N140, S163, and Y165 side chains of KRM1 and DKK1 backbone carbonyls of W206, L190, and C189, respectively. RESULTS
16 20 DKK1 protein The carbonyl of DKK1 R224 is hydrogen bonded to Y105 and W106 of KRM1. RESULTS
21 25 R224 residue_name_number The carbonyl of DKK1 R224 is hydrogen bonded to Y105 and W106 of KRM1. RESULTS
29 44 hydrogen bonded bond_interaction The carbonyl of DKK1 R224 is hydrogen bonded to Y105 and W106 of KRM1. RESULTS
48 52 Y105 residue_name_number The carbonyl of DKK1 R224 is hydrogen bonded to Y105 and W106 of KRM1. RESULTS
57 61 W106 residue_name_number The carbonyl of DKK1 R224 is hydrogen bonded to Y105 and W106 of KRM1. RESULTS
65 69 KRM1 protein The carbonyl of DKK1 R224 is hydrogen bonded to Y105 and W106 of KRM1. RESULTS
20 23 Dkk protein_type We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
24 49 charge reversal mutations experimental_method We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
67 73 murine taxonomy_domain We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
107 110 Krm protein_type We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
119 124 K211E mutant We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
129 134 R203E mutant We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
136 141 mouse taxonomy_domain We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
142 147 K217E mutant We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
152 157 R209E mutant We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
204 207 Dkk protein_type We suspect that the Dkk charge reversal mutations performed in the murine background and shown toΒ diminish Krm binding K211E and R203E (mouse K217E andΒ R209E) do so likely indirectly by disruptionΒ of the Dkk fold. RESULTS
25 42 DKK1 binding site site We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
46 50 KRM1 protein We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
54 65 introducing experimental_method We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
66 85 glycosylation sites site We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
93 95 KR structure_element We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
97 108 90DVS92β†’NVS mutant We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
114 117 WSC structure_element We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
119 132 189VCF191β†’NCS mutant We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
158 161 DKK protein We further validated the DKK1 binding siteΒ onΒ KRM1 by introducing glycosylation sites at the KR (90DVS92β†’NVS) and WSC (189VCF191β†’NCS) domains pointing toward DKK (Figures 2A and 2D). RESULTS
16 32 N-linked glycans ptm Introduction of N-linked glycans in protein-protein-binding sites is an established way of disrupting protein-binding interfaces. RESULTS
36 65 protein-protein-binding sites site Introduction of N-linked glycans in protein-protein-binding sites is an established way of disrupting protein-binding interfaces. RESULTS
102 128 protein-binding interfaces site Introduction of N-linked glycans in protein-protein-binding sites is an established way of disrupting protein-binding interfaces. RESULTS
5 15 ectodomain structure_element Both ectodomain mutants were secreted comparably with the wild-type, indicating correct folding, but failed to achieve any detectable binding in SPR using full-length DKK1 as analyte. RESULTS
16 23 mutants protein_state Both ectodomain mutants were secreted comparably with the wild-type, indicating correct folding, but failed to achieve any detectable binding in SPR using full-length DKK1 as analyte. RESULTS
58 67 wild-type protein_state Both ectodomain mutants were secreted comparably with the wild-type, indicating correct folding, but failed to achieve any detectable binding in SPR using full-length DKK1 as analyte. RESULTS
145 148 SPR experimental_method Both ectodomain mutants were secreted comparably with the wild-type, indicating correct folding, but failed to achieve any detectable binding in SPR using full-length DKK1 as analyte. RESULTS
155 166 full-length protein_state Both ectodomain mutants were secreted comparably with the wild-type, indicating correct folding, but failed to achieve any detectable binding in SPR using full-length DKK1 as analyte. RESULTS
167 171 DKK1 protein Both ectodomain mutants were secreted comparably with the wild-type, indicating correct folding, but failed to achieve any detectable binding in SPR using full-length DKK1 as analyte. RESULTS
15 21 mutant protein_state In contrast, a mutant carrying an additional N-glycan outside the interface at the CUB domain (309NQA311β†’NQS), was wild-type-like in DKK1 binding (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
45 53 N-glycan ptm In contrast, a mutant carrying an additional N-glycan outside the interface at the CUB domain (309NQA311β†’NQS), was wild-type-like in DKK1 binding (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
66 75 interface site In contrast, a mutant carrying an additional N-glycan outside the interface at the CUB domain (309NQA311β†’NQS), was wild-type-like in DKK1 binding (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
83 86 CUB structure_element In contrast, a mutant carrying an additional N-glycan outside the interface at the CUB domain (309NQA311β†’NQS), was wild-type-like in DKK1 binding (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
95 108 309NQA311β†’NQS mutant In contrast, a mutant carrying an additional N-glycan outside the interface at the CUB domain (309NQA311β†’NQS), was wild-type-like in DKK1 binding (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
115 124 wild-type protein_state In contrast, a mutant carrying an additional N-glycan outside the interface at the CUB domain (309NQA311β†’NQS), was wild-type-like in DKK1 binding (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
133 137 DKK1 protein In contrast, a mutant carrying an additional N-glycan outside the interface at the CUB domain (309NQA311β†’NQS), was wild-type-like in DKK1 binding (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
27 49 LRP6-KRM1 Binding Site site Identification of a Direct LRP6-KRM1 Binding Site RESULTS
4 31 LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex_assembly The LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex structure reveals no direct interactions between KRM1 and LRP6. RESULTS
40 49 structure evidence The LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex structure reveals no direct interactions between KRM1 and LRP6. RESULTS
89 93 KRM1 protein The LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex structure reveals no direct interactions between KRM1 and LRP6. RESULTS
98 102 LRP6 protein The LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex structure reveals no direct interactions between KRM1 and LRP6. RESULTS
35 47 complex with protein_state We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
59 70 full-length protein_state We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
71 75 LRP6 protein We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
76 86 ectodomain structure_element We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
88 100 PE1PE2PE3PE4 structure_element We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
101 111 horse shoe structure_element We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
155 174 electron microscopy experimental_method We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
176 178 EM experimental_method We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
183 211 small-angle X-ray scattering experimental_method We constructed inΒ silico a ternary complex with a close to full-length LRP6 ectodomain (PE1PE2PE3PE4 horse shoe) similar to but without refinement against electron microscopy (EM) or small-angle X-ray scattering data. RESULTS
13 19 PE3PE4 structure_element An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
33 45 superimposed experimental_method An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
50 53 PE4 structure_element An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
59 62 PE3 structure_element An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
70 87 crystal structure evidence An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
97 101 LRP6 protein An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
101 107 PE1PE2 structure_element An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
108 117 structure evidence An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
122 134 superimposed experimental_method An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
139 142 PE2 structure_element An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
148 151 PE3 structure_element An auxiliary PE3PE4 fragment was superimposed via PE4 onto PE3 of the crystal structure, and the LRP6PE1PE2 structure was superimposed via PE2 onto PE3 of this auxiliary fragment (FigureΒ 3A). RESULTS
98 117 Ca2+-binding region site For this crude approximation of a true ternary complex, we noted very close proximity between the Ca2+-binding region of KRM1 and the top face of the PE2 Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
121 125 KRM1 protein For this crude approximation of a true ternary complex, we noted very close proximity between the Ca2+-binding region of KRM1 and the top face of the PE2 Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
150 153 PE2 structure_element For this crude approximation of a true ternary complex, we noted very close proximity between the Ca2+-binding region of KRM1 and the top face of the PE2 Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
154 165 Ξ² propeller structure_element For this crude approximation of a true ternary complex, we noted very close proximity between the Ca2+-binding region of KRM1 and the top face of the PE2 Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
169 173 LRP6 protein For this crude approximation of a true ternary complex, we noted very close proximity between the Ca2+-binding region of KRM1 and the top face of the PE2 Ξ² propeller of LRP6. RESULTS
4 19 solvent-exposed protein_state The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
29 33 R307 residue_name_number The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
35 39 I308 residue_name_number The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
45 49 N309 residue_name_number The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
65 95 Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop structure_element The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
99 103 KRM1 protein The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
193 205 binding site site The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
209 221 Ξ² propellers structure_element The solvent-exposed residues R307, I308, and N309 of the central Ca2+-binding Ξ² connection loop of KRM1 would be almost ideally positioned for binding to this face, which is commonly used as a binding site on Ξ² propellers. RESULTS
20 28 arginine residue_name Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
29 35 lysine residue_name Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
37 47 isoleucine residue_name Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
53 63 asparagine residue_name Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
84 97 N-X-I-(G)-R/K structure_element Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
120 124 DKK1 protein Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
129 133 SOST protein Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
145 149 LRP6 protein Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
161 172 propeller 1 structure_element Peptides containing arginine/lysine, isoleucine, and asparagine (consensus sequence N-X-I-(G)-R/K) are also employed by DKK1 and SOST to bind to LRP6 (albeit to propeller 1; FigureΒ 3B). RESULTS
31 35 KRM1 protein To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
35 38 CUB structure_element To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
39 47 binds to protein_state To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
48 52 LRP6 protein To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
52 55 PE2 structure_element To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
65 68 SPR experimental_method To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
97 106 wild-type protein_state To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
115 130 GlycoCUB mutant protein_state To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
134 138 KRM1 protein To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
138 141 ECD structure_element To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
154 174 N-glycosylation site site To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
178 182 N309 residue_name_number To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
200 204 LRP6 protein To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
204 210 PE1PE2 structure_element To support the hypothesis that KRM1CUB binds to LRP6PE2, we used SPR and compared binding of the wild-type and the GlycoCUB mutant of KRM1ECD (bearing an N-glycosylation site at N309) with a purified LRP6PE1PE2 fragment. RESULTS
29 39 absence of protein_state Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
40 43 Dkk protein_type Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
45 49 KRM1 protein Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
49 52 ECD structure_element Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
53 58 bound protein_state Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
86 88 to protein_state Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
89 93 LRP6 protein Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
93 99 PE1PE2 structure_element Indeed, we found that in the absence of Dkk, KRM1ECD bound with considerable affinity to LRP6PE1PE2 (FigureΒ 3C). RESULTS
55 59 KRM1 protein In contrast, no saturable binding was observed between KRM1 and LRP6PE3PE4. RESULTS
64 68 LRP6 protein In contrast, no saturable binding was observed between KRM1 and LRP6PE3PE4. RESULTS
68 74 PE3PE4 structure_element In contrast, no saturable binding was observed between KRM1 and LRP6PE3PE4. RESULTS
0 15 Introduction of experimental_method Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
19 39 N-glycosylation site site Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
43 47 N309 residue_name_number Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
51 55 KRM1 protein Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
55 58 ECD structure_element Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
69 73 LRP6 protein Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
73 79 PE1PE2 structure_element Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
118 122 DKK1 protein Introduction of an N-glycosylation site at N309 in KRM1ECD abolished LRP6PE1PE2 binding (FigureΒ 3C), while binding to DKK1 was unaffected (FigureΒ 2D). RESULTS
31 43 binding site site We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
52 56 KRM1 protein We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
56 59 CUB structure_element We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
64 68 LRP6 protein We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
68 71 PE2 structure_element We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
119 127 Lrp6-Krm complex_assembly We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
170 173 Wnt protein_type We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
204 208 Lrp6 protein We conclude that the predicted binding site between KRM1CUB and LRP6PE2 is a strong candidate for mediating the direct Lrp6-Krm interaction, which is thought to increase Wnt responsiveness by stabilizing Lrp6 at the cell surface. RESULTS
55 67 binding site site Further experiments are required to pinpoint the exact binding site. RESULTS
9 13 LRP6 protein Although LRP6PE1 appears somewhat out of reach in the modeled ternary complex, it cannot be excluded as the Krm binding site in the ternary complex and LRP6-Krm binary complex. RESULTS
13 16 PE1 structure_element Although LRP6PE1 appears somewhat out of reach in the modeled ternary complex, it cannot be excluded as the Krm binding site in the ternary complex and LRP6-Krm binary complex. RESULTS
108 124 Krm binding site site Although LRP6PE1 appears somewhat out of reach in the modeled ternary complex, it cannot be excluded as the Krm binding site in the ternary complex and LRP6-Krm binary complex. RESULTS
152 160 LRP6-Krm complex_assembly Although LRP6PE1 appears somewhat out of reach in the modeled ternary complex, it cannot be excluded as the Krm binding site in the ternary complex and LRP6-Krm binary complex. RESULTS
4 15 presence of protein_state The presence of DKK may govern which propeller (PE1 versus PE2) of LRP6 is available for Krm binding. RESULTS
16 19 DKK protein The presence of DKK may govern which propeller (PE1 versus PE2) of LRP6 is available for Krm binding. RESULTS
37 46 propeller structure_element The presence of DKK may govern which propeller (PE1 versus PE2) of LRP6 is available for Krm binding. RESULTS
48 51 PE1 structure_element The presence of DKK may govern which propeller (PE1 versus PE2) of LRP6 is available for Krm binding. RESULTS
59 62 PE2 structure_element The presence of DKK may govern which propeller (PE1 versus PE2) of LRP6 is available for Krm binding. RESULTS
67 71 LRP6 protein The presence of DKK may govern which propeller (PE1 versus PE2) of LRP6 is available for Krm binding. RESULTS
89 92 Krm protein_type The presence of DKK may govern which propeller (PE1 versus PE2) of LRP6 is available for Krm binding. RESULTS
37 62 KRM1CUB-LRP6PE2 interface site Apparent binding across the proposed KRM1CUB-LRP6PE2 interface is expected to be higher once Krm is also cross-linked to LRP6PE3 via DKK1CRD2 (FigureΒ 3D). RESULTS
93 96 Krm protein_type Apparent binding across the proposed KRM1CUB-LRP6PE2 interface is expected to be higher once Krm is also cross-linked to LRP6PE3 via DKK1CRD2 (FigureΒ 3D). RESULTS
121 125 LRP6 protein Apparent binding across the proposed KRM1CUB-LRP6PE2 interface is expected to be higher once Krm is also cross-linked to LRP6PE3 via DKK1CRD2 (FigureΒ 3D). RESULTS
125 128 PE3 structure_element Apparent binding across the proposed KRM1CUB-LRP6PE2 interface is expected to be higher once Krm is also cross-linked to LRP6PE3 via DKK1CRD2 (FigureΒ 3D). RESULTS
133 137 DKK1 protein Apparent binding across the proposed KRM1CUB-LRP6PE2 interface is expected to be higher once Krm is also cross-linked to LRP6PE3 via DKK1CRD2 (FigureΒ 3D). RESULTS
137 141 CRD2 structure_element Apparent binding across the proposed KRM1CUB-LRP6PE2 interface is expected to be higher once Krm is also cross-linked to LRP6PE3 via DKK1CRD2 (FigureΒ 3D). RESULTS
15 32 negative-stain EM experimental_method Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
37 65 small-angle X-ray scattering experimental_method Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
77 81 LRP6 protein Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
81 93 PE1PE2PE3PE4 structure_element Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
95 107 in isolation protein_state Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
112 127 in complex with protein_state Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
128 132 Dkk1 protein_type Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
139 156 negative-stain EM experimental_method Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
160 171 full-length protein_state Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
172 176 LRP6 protein Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
177 187 ectodomain structure_element Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
204 210 curved protein_state Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
212 225 platform-like protein_state Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
279 282 PE2 structure_element Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
287 290 PE3 structure_element Low-resolution negative-stain EM and small-angle X-ray scattering studies of LRP6PE1PE2PE3PE4, in isolation and in complex with Dkk1, plus negative-stain EM of full-length LRP6 ectodomain, have indicated curved, platform-like conformations but also potential flexibility between PE2 and PE3. RESULTS
47 50 Krm protein_type It is therefore possible that the interplay of Krm and Dkk binding can promote changes in LRP6 ectodomain conformation with functional consequences; however, such ideas await investigation. RESULTS
55 58 Dkk protein_type It is therefore possible that the interplay of Krm and Dkk binding can promote changes in LRP6 ectodomain conformation with functional consequences; however, such ideas await investigation. RESULTS
90 94 LRP6 protein It is therefore possible that the interplay of Krm and Dkk binding can promote changes in LRP6 ectodomain conformation with functional consequences; however, such ideas await investigation. RESULTS
95 105 ectodomain structure_element It is therefore possible that the interplay of Krm and Dkk binding can promote changes in LRP6 ectodomain conformation with functional consequences; however, such ideas await investigation. RESULTS
20 54 structural and biophysical studies experimental_method Taken together, the structural and biophysical studies we report here extend our mechanistic understanding of Wnt signal regulation. RESULTS
110 113 Wnt protein_type Taken together, the structural and biophysical studies we report here extend our mechanistic understanding of Wnt signal regulation. RESULTS
16 26 ectodomain structure_element We describe the ectodomain structure of the dual Wnt regulator Krm1, providing an explanation for the detrimental effect on health and development of a homozygous KRM1 mutation. RESULTS
27 36 structure evidence We describe the ectodomain structure of the dual Wnt regulator Krm1, providing an explanation for the detrimental effect on health and development of a homozygous KRM1 mutation. RESULTS
49 52 Wnt protein_type We describe the ectodomain structure of the dual Wnt regulator Krm1, providing an explanation for the detrimental effect on health and development of a homozygous KRM1 mutation. RESULTS
63 67 Krm1 protein_type We describe the ectodomain structure of the dual Wnt regulator Krm1, providing an explanation for the detrimental effect on health and development of a homozygous KRM1 mutation. RESULTS
163 167 KRM1 protein We describe the ectodomain structure of the dual Wnt regulator Krm1, providing an explanation for the detrimental effect on health and development of a homozygous KRM1 mutation. RESULTS
39 46 Krm-Dkk complex_assembly We also reveal the interaction mode of Krm-Dkk and the architecture of the ternary complex formed by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm. RESULTS
101 107 Lrp5/6 protein_type We also reveal the interaction mode of Krm-Dkk and the architecture of the ternary complex formed by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm. RESULTS
109 112 Dkk protein_type We also reveal the interaction mode of Krm-Dkk and the architecture of the ternary complex formed by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm. RESULTS
118 121 Krm protein_type We also reveal the interaction mode of Krm-Dkk and the architecture of the ternary complex formed by Lrp5/6, Dkk, and Krm. RESULTS
25 42 crystal structure evidence Furthermore, the ternary crystal structure has guided inΒ silico and biophysical analyses to suggest a direct LRP6-KRM1 interaction site. RESULTS
54 88 inΒ silico and biophysical analyses experimental_method Furthermore, the ternary crystal structure has guided inΒ silico and biophysical analyses to suggest a direct LRP6-KRM1 interaction site. RESULTS
109 135 LRP6-KRM1 interaction site site Furthermore, the ternary crystal structure has guided inΒ silico and biophysical analyses to suggest a direct LRP6-KRM1 interaction site. RESULTS
136 139 Krm protein_type Our findings provide a solid foundation for additional studies to probe how ternary complex formation triggers internalization, whereas Krm binding in the absence of Dkk stabilizes the Wnt co-receptor at the cell surface. RESULTS
155 165 absence of protein_state Our findings provide a solid foundation for additional studies to probe how ternary complex formation triggers internalization, whereas Krm binding in the absence of Dkk stabilizes the Wnt co-receptor at the cell surface. RESULTS
166 169 Dkk protein_type Our findings provide a solid foundation for additional studies to probe how ternary complex formation triggers internalization, whereas Krm binding in the absence of Dkk stabilizes the Wnt co-receptor at the cell surface. RESULTS
185 188 Wnt protein_type Our findings provide a solid foundation for additional studies to probe how ternary complex formation triggers internalization, whereas Krm binding in the absence of Dkk stabilizes the Wnt co-receptor at the cell surface. RESULTS
189 200 co-receptor protein_type Our findings provide a solid foundation for additional studies to probe how ternary complex formation triggers internalization, whereas Krm binding in the absence of Dkk stabilizes the Wnt co-receptor at the cell surface. RESULTS
0 9 Structure evidence Structure of Unliganded KRM1ECD FIG
13 23 Unliganded protein_state Structure of Unliganded KRM1ECD FIG
24 28 KRM1 protein Structure of Unliganded KRM1ECD FIG
28 31 ECD structure_element Structure of Unliganded KRM1ECD FIG
8 12 KRM1 protein (A) The KRM1ECD fold (crystal form I) colored blue to red from the N to C terminus. FIG
12 15 ECD structure_element (A) The KRM1ECD fold (crystal form I) colored blue to red from the N to C terminus. FIG
22 36 crystal form I evidence (A) The KRM1ECD fold (crystal form I) colored blue to red from the N to C terminus. FIG
0 9 Cysteines residue_name Cysteines as ball and sticks, glycosylation sites as sticks. FIG
30 49 glycosylation sites site Cysteines as ball and sticks, glycosylation sites as sticks. FIG
10 17 calcium chemical The bound calcium is shown as a gray sphere. FIG
16 21 F207S mutant The site of theΒ F207S mutation associated with ectodermal dysplasia in humans is shown as mesh. FIG
71 77 humans species The site of theΒ F207S mutation associated with ectodermal dysplasia in humans is shown as mesh. FIG
4 17 Superposition experimental_method (B) Superposition of the three KRM1ECD subdomains (solid) with their next structurally characterized homologs (half transparent). FIG
31 35 KRM1 protein (B) Superposition of the three KRM1ECD subdomains (solid) with their next structurally characterized homologs (half transparent). FIG
35 38 ECD structure_element (B) Superposition of the three KRM1ECD subdomains (solid) with their next structurally characterized homologs (half transparent). FIG
4 17 Superposition experimental_method (C) Superposition of KRM1ECD from the three crystal forms. FIG
21 25 KRM1 protein (C) Superposition of KRM1ECD from the three crystal forms. FIG
25 28 ECD structure_element (C) Superposition of KRM1ECD from the three crystal forms. FIG
44 57 crystal forms evidence (C) Superposition of KRM1ECD from the three crystal forms. FIG
0 16 Alignment scores evidence Alignment scores for each pairing are indicated on the dashed triangle. FIG
8 17 structure evidence (A) The structure of the ternary LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex. FIG
33 60 LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex_assembly (A) The structure of the ternary LRP6PE3PE4-DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD complex. FIG
0 4 DKK1 protein DKK1 (orange) is sandwiched between the PE3 module of LRP6 (blue) and the KR-WSC domain pair of KRM1 (green). FIG
40 43 PE3 structure_element DKK1 (orange) is sandwiched between the PE3 module of LRP6 (blue) and the KR-WSC domain pair of KRM1 (green). FIG
54 58 LRP6 protein DKK1 (orange) is sandwiched between the PE3 module of LRP6 (blue) and the KR-WSC domain pair of KRM1 (green). FIG
74 80 KR-WSC structure_element DKK1 (orange) is sandwiched between the PE3 module of LRP6 (blue) and the KR-WSC domain pair of KRM1 (green). FIG
96 100 KRM1 protein DKK1 (orange) is sandwiched between the PE3 module of LRP6 (blue) and the KR-WSC domain pair of KRM1 (green). FIG
36 61 N-glycan attachment sites site Colored symbols indicate introduced N-glycan attachment sites (see D). FIG
4 7 SPR experimental_method (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
34 45 full-length protein_state (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
46 50 DKK1 protein (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
55 67 SUMO fusions experimental_method (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
71 75 DKK1 protein (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
115 124 wild-type protein_state (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
125 129 KRM1 protein (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
129 132 ECD structure_element (B) SPR data comparing binding of full-length DKK1 and SUMO fusions of DKK1 truncations for binding to immobilized wild-type KRM1ECD. FIG
25 51 DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD interface site (C) Close-up view of the DKK1CRD2-KRM1ECD interface. FIG
21 30 interface site Residues involved in interface formation are shown as sticks; those mentioned in the text are labeled. FIG
0 12 Salt bridges bond_interaction Salt bridges are in pink and hydrogen bonds in black. FIG
29 43 hydrogen bonds bond_interaction Salt bridges are in pink and hydrogen bonds in black. FIG
4 7 SPR experimental_method (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
8 20 binding data evidence (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
31 35 DKK1 protein (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
57 66 wild-type protein_state (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
67 71 KRM1 protein (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
71 74 ECD structure_element (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
102 112 engineered protein_state (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
113 132 glycosylation sites site (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
140 142 KR structure_element (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
147 150 WSC structure_element (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
187 191 DKK1 protein (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
204 207 CUB structure_element (D) SPR binding data comparing DKK1 analyte binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and three variants bearing engineered glycosylation sites on the KR and WSC domains (green and blue pointing to DKK1) and on the CUB domain (orange). FIG
0 9 LRP6-KRM1 complex_assembly LRP6-KRM1 Direct Interaction and Summary FIG
35 47 complex with protein_state (A) In a construction of a ternary complex with all four Ξ² propellers of LRP6 intact, the CUB domain points via its Ca2+-binding region toward the top face of the second Ξ² propeller. FIG
57 69 Ξ² propellers structure_element (A) In a construction of a ternary complex with all four Ξ² propellers of LRP6 intact, the CUB domain points via its Ca2+-binding region toward the top face of the second Ξ² propeller. FIG
73 77 LRP6 protein (A) In a construction of a ternary complex with all four Ξ² propellers of LRP6 intact, the CUB domain points via its Ca2+-binding region toward the top face of the second Ξ² propeller. FIG
78 84 intact protein_state (A) In a construction of a ternary complex with all four Ξ² propellers of LRP6 intact, the CUB domain points via its Ca2+-binding region toward the top face of the second Ξ² propeller. FIG
90 93 CUB structure_element (A) In a construction of a ternary complex with all four Ξ² propellers of LRP6 intact, the CUB domain points via its Ca2+-binding region toward the top face of the second Ξ² propeller. FIG
116 135 Ca2+-binding region site (A) In a construction of a ternary complex with all four Ξ² propellers of LRP6 intact, the CUB domain points via its Ca2+-binding region toward the top face of the second Ξ² propeller. FIG
163 181 second Ξ² propeller structure_element (A) In a construction of a ternary complex with all four Ξ² propellers of LRP6 intact, the CUB domain points via its Ca2+-binding region toward the top face of the second Ξ² propeller. FIG
35 51 interaction site site (B) Close-up view of the potential interaction site. FIG
13 17 LRP6 protein In addition, LRP6PE2 has been superimposed with DKK1 (yellow) and SOST (pink) peptide complexes of LRP6PE1. FIG
17 20 PE2 structure_element In addition, LRP6PE2 has been superimposed with DKK1 (yellow) and SOST (pink) peptide complexes of LRP6PE1. FIG
30 42 superimposed experimental_method In addition, LRP6PE2 has been superimposed with DKK1 (yellow) and SOST (pink) peptide complexes of LRP6PE1. FIG
48 52 DKK1 protein In addition, LRP6PE2 has been superimposed with DKK1 (yellow) and SOST (pink) peptide complexes of LRP6PE1. FIG
66 70 SOST protein In addition, LRP6PE2 has been superimposed with DKK1 (yellow) and SOST (pink) peptide complexes of LRP6PE1. FIG
99 103 LRP6 protein In addition, LRP6PE2 has been superimposed with DKK1 (yellow) and SOST (pink) peptide complexes of LRP6PE1. FIG
103 106 PE1 structure_element In addition, LRP6PE2 has been superimposed with DKK1 (yellow) and SOST (pink) peptide complexes of LRP6PE1. FIG
4 20 SPR measurements experimental_method (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
31 35 LRP6 protein (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
35 41 PE1PE2 structure_element (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
55 64 wild-type protein_state (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
65 69 KRM1 protein (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
69 72 ECD structure_element (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
81 96 GlycoCUB mutant protein_state (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
108 116 N-glycan ptm (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
120 124 N309 residue_name_number (C) SPR measurements comparing LRP6PE1PE2 binding with wild-type KRM1ECD and the GlycoCUB mutant bearing an N-glycan at N309. FIG
95 98 Wnt protein_type (D) Schematic representation of structural and biophysical findings and their implications for Wnt-dependent (left, middle) and independent (right) signaling. FIG
48 52 LRP6 protein Conformational differences in the depictions of LRP6 are included purely for ease of representation. FIG
0 37 Diffraction and Refinement Statistics evidence Diffraction and Refinement Statistics TABLE
1 5 KRM1 protein " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
5 8 ECD structure_element " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
9 13 KRM1 protein " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
13 16 ECD structure_element " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
17 21 KRM1 protein " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
21 24 ECD structure_element " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
25 29 KRM1 protein " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
29 32 ECD structure_element " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
33 59 LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD complex_assembly " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
1295 1300 Water chemical " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
1417 1422 Water chemical " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
1466 1470 RMSD evidence " KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD KRM1ECD LRP6PE3PE4-DKKCRD2-KRM1ECD Crystal form I I II III I X-ray source Diamond i04 Diamond i03 Diamond i03 Diamond i04 Diamond i04 Wavelength (Γ…) 0.9793 0.9700 0.9700 0.9795 0.9795 Space group P3121 P3121 P43 P41212 C2221 Unit cell a/Ξ± (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 86.9/90 b/Ξ² (Γ…/Β°) 50.9/90 50.5/90 65.8/90 67.8/90 100.1/90 c/Ξ³ (Γ…/Β°) 188.4/120 187.4/120 75.0/90 198.2/90 270.7/90 Wilson B factor (Γ…2) 31 41 76 77 NA Resolution range (Γ…) 47.10–1.90 (1.95–1.90) 62.47–2.10 (2.16–2.10) 75.00–2.80 (2.99–2.80) 67.80–3.20 (3.42–3.20) 67.68–3.50 (7.16–6.40, 3.92–3.50) Unique reflections 23,300 (1,524) 17,089 (1,428) 7,964 (1,448) 8,171 (1,343) 8,070 (723, 645) Average multiplicity 9.1 (9.2) 5.2 (5.3) 3.7 (3.7) 22.7 (12.6) 3.8 (3.5, 4.4) Completeness (%) 99.8 (98.5) 100 (100) 99.8 (100) 98.8 (93.4) 51.6 (98.5, 14.1) <I/ΟƒI> 11.4 (1.7) 12.0 (1.7) 14.9 (1.5) 13.1 (1.9) 4.6 (4.1, 2.2) Rmerge (%) 14.8 (158.3) 9.3 (98.0) 6.2 (98.9) 29.8 (142.2) 44.9 (40.5, 114.2) Rpim (%) 15.7 (55.3) 10.3 (109.0) 3.7 (53.8) 6.3 (40.0) 24.7 (23.9, 59.9) Refinement Rwork (%) 17.9 18.4 21.6 20.2 32.1 Rfree (%) 22.7 23.2 30.7 27.1 35.5 No. of Non-Hydrogen Atoms Protein 2,260 2,301 2,102 2,305 7,730 N-glycans 42 42 28 28 0 Water 79 54 0 2 0 Ligands 6 6 2 5 0 Average B factor (Γ…2) Protein 63 65 108 84 – N-glycans 35 46 102 18 – Water 68 85 – 75 – Ligands 36 47 91 75 66 RMSD from Ideality Bond lengths (Γ…) 0.020 0.016 0.019 0.016 0.004 Bond angles (Β°) 2.050 1.748 1.952 1.796 0.770 Ramachandran Plot Favored (%) 96.8 95.5 96.9 94.9 92.3 Allowed (%) 99.7 100.0 100.0 99.7 99.8 Number of outliers 1 0 0 1 2 PDB code 5FWS 5FWT 5FWU 5FWV 5FWW " TABLE
99 115 diffraction data evidence An additional shell given for the ternary complex corresponds to the last shell with near-complete diffraction data. TABLE