diff --git "a/data/BSO/arxiv/valid.txt" "b/data/BSO/arxiv/valid.txt" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/data/BSO/arxiv/valid.txt" @@ -0,0 +1,8000 @@ +0 In the advent of larger and larger simulations , a reliable and parallel halo finder , able to cope with the ever-increasing data files , is a must . The identification and analysis of bound objects , halos , is one of the most important steps in drawing useful physical information from simulations . +1 We work out the kinetic term for the complex modulus of a deformed conifold with flux , i.e.the Klebanov-Strassler solution embedded in a compact Calabi-Yau manifold . Earlier results of a power-like divergence are confirmed qualitatively ( the kinetic term does contain the main effect of warping ) but not quantitatively ( the correct results differ by an order one coefficient ) . +1 Both Nearest-Neighbor Analysis and angular two-point cross-correlation function show that there is no enough evidence supporting the correlation between the GRBs and foreground clusters . We suggest that the non-correlation is probably related to the GRB number-flux relation slope . +0 We resolve the structure of the RM in several knots along the jet for the first time . We investigate the distribution of Faraday rotation measure ( RM ) in the M87 jet at arc-second scales by using archival polarimetric VLA data at 8 , 15 , 22 and 43 GHz . +1 In some cases , people do not know what the right behaviors are to protect the environment . Game engine has been used in the AEC industry for visualization . +1 We prove the exponential sharp rate of strong convergence to equilibrium for conservative measure solutions having finite mass and energy . The proof is based on the regularizing property of the iterated collision operators , exponential moment production estimates , and some previous results on the exponential rate of strong convergence to equilibrium for square integrable initial data . +0 Prominent examples are ill-understood metallic states in $ d $ - and $ f $ -band compounds near Mott-like transitions . Unusual metallic states involving breakdown of the standard Fermi-liquid picture of long-lived quasiparticles in well-defined band states emerge at low temperatures near correlation-driven Mott transitions . +0 The expected statistical and systematic errors for a luminosity of 100 $ \ipb $ are also given . A cut and count method and two likelihood methods were employed to measure the cross section and important systematic effects were investigated . +1 These calculations have been made possible by the use of highly optimized polynomial time modular algorithms and a total of more than 150000 CPU hours on computer clusters . For $ \chi^ { ( 5 ) } $ 10000 terms of the series are calculated { \it modulo } a single prime , and have been used to find the linear ODE satisfied by $ \chi^ { ( 5 ) } $ { \it modulo } a prime . +0 The spatial profile of metastable atoms in the volume between the electrodes was deduced for various electrode gap distances . Space resolved concentrations of helium He metastable atoms in an atmospheric pressure radio-frequency micro-plasma jet were measured using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy . +0 This class is comprised of a special type of Fano manifolds which encode crucial information about ground states of the superstring . In this article I continue to investigate a particular type of K\ '' ahler manifolds with positive first Chern class which generalize Calabi -- Yau manifolds in a natural way and which provide a framework for mirrors of rigid string vacua . +0 The latter is attractive for graphene-based field effect transistors . This leads to the observation of half integer quantum hall effect and the absence of localization . +0 We use rough walls to impose a simple shear flow and study the athermal motion of jammed assemblies of soft particles , both for purely repulsive interactions and in the presence of an additional short-range attraction of varying strength . We perform molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the occurrence of inhomogeneous shear flows in soft jammed materials . +0 The general solutions of the discovered Maxwell 's equations lead us to fields produced by accelerating sources . In this way Maxwell 's equations may be discovered theoretically for this particular situation of uniformly moving sources . +1 Moreover , recent analysis techniques based on the matrix element likelihood method assign probabilities for every event to belong to any of a given set of possible processes . This method originally used for the top mass measurement , although computing intensive , has shown its power at LHC to extract the new boson signal from the background . +0 The yield of protons at backward rapidities is found to be proportional to the target mass . The data have been taken with the Plastic-Ball detector set-up for 4.9 GeV p + Au collisions at the Berkeley BEVALAC and for 200 $ A\cdot $ GeV/ $ c $ p- , O- , and S-induced reactions on different nuclei at the CERN-SPS . +0 These sets are shown to be transitive for most $ C^r $ flows in the Baire 's second category sence . We study connected , singular-hyperbolic , attracting sets with dense closed orbits { \em and only one singularity } . +1 Surrounded by a compact dusty , gaseous disk , this little-studied late-G ( or early-K ) type star emits about 75 % of its detected energy flux at infrared wavelengths . Evidence for accretion of gas in conjunction with narrow bi-polar jets and Herbig-Haro objects is apparently consistent with classification of BP Psc as a pre-main sequence star , as postulated in most previous studies . +1 I show that for a substantial fraction of planets detected in a space-based survey , it would be possible to measure the planet and host masses and distances , if the survey satellite were placed in geosynchronous orbit . Such an orbit would enable measurement of the microlens parallax , \pi_e , for events with moderately low impact parameters , \beta & lt ; ~ 0.05 , which encompass a disproportionate share of planetary detections . +0 To this aim , the interplay among conjunction , implication and negation connectives is studied . In the present paper , lattice ordered pseudo-effect algebras are considered as possible algebraic non-commutative analogs of non-commutative non-standard reasoning . +0 In particular , we explicitly compute the maximum coherence or polarization that can be transferred between coupled nuclear spins in the presence of very general decoherence mechanisms that include cross-correlated relaxation . In this letter , we establish physical limits on how closely can a quantum mechanical system be steered to a desired target state in the presence of relaxation . +1 Moreover , moments corresponding to these weight functions can be explicitly computed . Finally , a particular example containing all classical discrete symmetric orthogonal polynomials is studied in detail . +0 This naturally explains the conundrum of large Dirac point gaps recently observed in G/h-BN heterostructures and their tunability by the G/h-BN twist angle . The Dirac point gap enhancement can be much larger than that of the minigaps opened by Bragg scattering at principal superlattice harmonics . +1 To further increase the data transmission rate , more degrees of freedom are required to form a densely packed mode space . Here we move beyond OAM and demonstrate multiplexing and demultiplexing using both the radial and azimuthal degrees of freedom . +1 A theoretical introduction on spectral expansion is first given and a particular emphasis is put on the fast convergence of the spectral approximation . We present then different approaches to solve partial differential equations , first limiting ourselves to the one-dimensional case , with one or several domains . +1 This result holds more generally . This condition , uniformly separated in modulus , allows the set where the distortion is large to accumulate densely on the boundary but does not allow a component to run out to the boundary . +0 Our main results are uniform estimates for trace norms ( $ d\ge 1 $ ) and quasiclassical asymptotic formulas for traces of the resulting operators ( $ d=1 $ ) . We consider non-smooth functions of ( truncated ) Wiener -- Hopf type operators on the Hilbert space $ L^2 ( \mathbb R^d ) $ . +0 Background subtraction becomes part of the reconstruction . We develop a new method that performs video reconstruction by low rank and sparse decomposition adaptively . +0 We also construct an EOS for Aluminum and compare the resulting Hugoniot with data up to 5 Mbar , both to illustrate our method and to see whether the approximation of neglecting anharmonicity et al . Then we explicitly display the forms of the remaining terms in the EOS , commenting on the use of experiment and electronic structure theory to evaluate them . +1 This is primarily motivated by growing observational evidence that clusters have essentially experienced no-evolution since redshift $ z\approx1 $ , indicating that the contribution of a time-dependent potential to CBR anisotropy discussed in literature could be rather small for the dynamically-relaxed clusters . Using the softened isothermal sphere model and the universal density profile for the mass distribution of rich clusters , we calculate the CBR anisotropy by the time-delay effect and compare it with those generated by the thermal and kinematic S-Z effects as well as by the transverse motion of clusters . +1 We show that in the case of generic identifiability there is an open dense euclidean subset of points with certain admissible rank for any possible label . Moreover we show that if $ X $ is a rational normal curve than there always exists a label for the generic element . +1 We show that temporal constraints significantly improve the classification performance . We set up an evaluation protocol for beat-event localization as well as for shot classification , depending on whether movies from the same franchise are present or not in the training data . +1 This flaring event , which lasted a total of about three hours , was detected simultaneously by EPIC on XMM-Newton and the NICMOS near-infrared camera on the HST . Given the inherent difficulty in , and the lack of readily available methods for quantifying the probability of a periodic signal detected over only several cycles in a data set where red noise can be important , we developed a general method for quantifying the likelihood that such a modulation is indeed intrinsic to the source and does not arise from background fluctuations . +0 Our early data ( t & lt ; 4 days ) joined with published GCN data indicates a steepening decay , approaching F_nu ~t^ { -0.6 } at early times ( & lt ; & lt ; 1 day ) and F_nu ~t^ { -1.3 } at late times . We present deep optical photometry of the afterglow of gamma-ray burst ( GRB ) 041006 and its associated hypernova obtained over 65 days after detection ( 55 R-band epochs on 10 different nights ) . +1 So we will present that to use DfD rules during the conceptual design phase , we first have : ? to identify which kind of rules can be applied when designers only have a functional representation of their product . ? to create the necessary indicators to evaluate these rules depending on designers choices . +0 Alongside theoretical progress , various new computational techniques allow to sample very high dimensional posterior distributions : In [ Lucka2012 ] , a Markov chain Monte Carlo ( MCMC ) posterior sampler was developed for linear inverse problems with $ \ell_1 $ -type priors . In applications where the inverse solution is subject to further analysis procedures , this can be a significant advantage . +1 We relate the ABM and the hierarchy of models to a population-level compartmental ODE model that we proposed previously for the spread of political revolutions [ 1 ] , which is shown to be mathematically consistent with the proposed ABM and provides a way to analyze the global behaviour of the ABM . This consistency with the linear threshold ABM also provides further justification a posteriori for the compartmental model of [ 1 ] . +0 The authors have previously studied the ring case . The set of the first Hilbert coefficients of parameter ideals relative to a module -- its Chern coefficients -- over a local Noetherian ring codes for considerable information about its structure -- noteworthy properties such as that of Cohen-Macaulayness , Buchsbaumness , and of having finitely generated local cohomology . +0 Within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties , the Tevatron data can be reproduced equally well by the recent CTEQ6.6 , MSTW08 and NNPDF1.2 PDF sets . We compare the single inclusive spectra of isolated photons measured at high transverse energy in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt ( s ) =1.96 TeV with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions with various parametrizations of the parton distribution functions ( PDFs ) . +1 Spatial and temporal inhomogeneities in light and atom variables are incorporated by partitioning the system into small homogeneous segments . Furthermore , other experimental imperfections as for instance limited detector time-resolution and atomic motion are simulated . +0 Our method is analytically and experimentally verified for Ag/SiO2 planar metamaterials with varying number of layers and compared to the effective medium theory . We obtain global material parameters , directly measurable with spectroscopic ellipsometry and distinguishable from mere wave parameters , by using the generalized dispersion equation for uniaxial crystals along with existing homogenization methods . +0 The results indicate that the mode conversion pathways identified in the adiabatic study are maintained in the presence of damping . We model gravity waves in a VAL-C atmosphere , subject to a uniform , and arbitrarily orientated magnetic field , using the Newton cooling approximation for radiatively damped propagation . +1 These new properties are referred to as the Strong Spectral Property and the Strong Multiplicity Property . Finally , these ideas are applied to the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues associated with G , denoted by q ( G ) . +0 energies of 10.538 GeV allows for determinations of experimental moments and their correlations with small errors and that there is no need to rely on theoretical input above the charmonium resonances . Using a data clustering method to combine hadronic cross section data sets from different measurements we demonstrate that using all available experimental data up to c.m . +1 Further , for the same experiments , we show the location of the breathing person can be estimated , to within about 2 m average error in a 56 square meter apartment . Being able to locate a breathing person who is not otherwise moving , without calibration , is important for applications in search and rescue , health care , and security . +1 We present photometric and spectroscopic optical and near-infrared ( NIR ) observations ( Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory , Chile ( ESO ID 63.H-0493 and 64.H-0382 ) ) taken during the outburst of the microquasar V4641 Sgr = SAX J1819.3-2525 ( in'tzand et al. , 2000 ) in September 1999 . We observed an increase in the J-Ks colour between 5 and 8 days after the outburst , which we interpret as likely evidence for the presence of dust around the source . +1 We consider the linear stability problem for the static kink in 2D Klein-Gordon field taking into account spatially localized $ \mathcal { PT } $ -symmetric perturbation . The perturbation is in the form of viscous friction , which does not affect the static solutions to the unperturbed Klein-Gordon equation . +1 A secondary emission component is quite clearly needed , and while this could also be thermal at a temperature significantly lower than kT~15 keV , the best fit ( to the combined PCA and HEXTE datasets ) is obtained with a power law secondary spectral component . The deduced parameters of the non-thermal ( NT ) emission imply a significant fractional flux amounting to ~25 % of the integrated 3-50 keV emission . +1 The objective of this paper is to quantify the uncertainties that makes the decision more realistic , generic and extendable to application domain . In this paper various reliability parameters ( such as mean time between failures , expected number of failures , reliability , availability etc . ) +0 In the first , case , we find one infrared-stable and one unstable renormalization group fixed point . The system is driven out of equilibrium either by considering different values for the noise strengths in the Langevin equations describing the evolution of the dynamic variables ( effectively placing these at different temperatures ) , or more generally by allowing for anisotropic noise strengths , i.e. , by constraining the dynamics to be at different temperatures in d_par- and d_perp-dimensional subspaces , respectively . +0 We have discussed these magnetic and transport properties of the trilayer structures on STO and LAO by the interfacial effect due to the stabilized CO state and the vibration mode of Jahn-Teller distortion . The zero field electronic transport of all samples on LAO shows thermally activated behavior , while the thermally activated behavior is suppressed and a metal-like transport is appearing for the samples on STO as the LCMO layer thickness increases above 10 unit cell . +1 The statistics of peak counts in reconstructed shear maps contain information beyond the power spectrum , and can improve cosmological constraints from measurements of the power spectrum alone if systematic errors can be controlled . We study the effect of galaxy shape measurement errors on predicted cosmological constraints from the statistics of shear peak counts with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope ( LSST ) . +0 This project consists of calculation of weak rates for a total of 709 nuclei with masses ranging from A = 18 to 100 . Twelve different weak rates are calculated for each nucleus as a function of temperature and density . +0 Despite this dependence , some characteristics of epidemics are not contingent on the contact network and are probably predictable based only on the pathogen . Contact networks can significantly change the course of epidemics , affecting the rate of new infections and the mean size of an outbreak . +1 The observations span a period of about 12 years starting from mid-1996 ( the minimum of cycle 23 ) to early-2008 ( near minimum of cycle 24 ) , corresponding to a nearly complete solar activity cycle . We demonstrate that the frequencies do vary in phase with the solar activity indices , however the degree of correlation differs from phase to phase of the cycle . +1 To validate our theory we compare the analytical results with experimental data obtained in an analog circuit . We describe the implementation details and the setup used in the experimental study of the amplifier . +1 We describe models of the thermal structure of the envelopes of neutron stars with magnetic fields up to 10^ { 14 } G. Unlike earlier work , we infer the properties of envelope models in two dimensions and precisely account for the quantization of the electron phase space . Both dipole and uniformly magnetized envelopes are considered . +1 All of the galaxies have previously been imaged from the ground in UBVI . A catalogue of structural parameters , photometry and comments based on visual inspection of the clusters is compiled and used to investigate correlations between cluster structure , environment , age and mass . +1 Our aim is to establish simple effective Hamiltonians and Liouvillians allowing an accurate description of the dynamics of the external oscillators regardless the topology of the network . By simple we mean an effective description using just a few degrees of freedom . +0 This boundary theory is described by a $ ( 2+1 ) d $ quantum electrodynamics ( QED $ _3 $ ) with two flavors of Dirac fermions ( $ N_f = 2 $ ) coupled with a noncompact U ( 1 ) gauge field : $ \mathcal { L } = \sum_ { j = 1 } ^2 \bar { \psi } _j \gamma_\mu ( \partial_\mu - i a_\mu ) \psi_j - i A^ { s } _\mu \bar { \psi_i } \gamma_\mu \tau^z_ { ij } \psi_j + \frac { i } { 2\pi } \epsilon_ { \mu\nu\rho } a_\mu \partial_\nu A^ { e } _\rho $ , where $ a_\mu $ is the internal noncompact U ( 1 ) gauge field , $ A^s_\mu $ and $ A^e_\mu $ are two external gauge fields that couple to $ U ( 1 ) _s $ and $ U ( 1 ) _e $ global symmetries respectively . Inspired by the recent developments of constructing novel Dirac liquid boundary states of the $ 3d $ topological insulator , we propose one possible $ 2d $ boundary state of the $ 3d $ bosonic symmetry protected topological state with $ U ( 1 ) _e \rtimes Z_2^T \times U ( 1 ) _s $ symmetry . +0 This paper studies backward stochastic processes counting time backward from failure events , and proposes one-sample nonparametric estimation of the mean of backward processes when follow-up is subject to left truncation and right censoring . To study such terminal behavior of stochastic processes , a natural and direct way is to align the processes using failure events as time origins . +0 Our results show that it has its physical basis in the interplay of the molecular hydrogens and the Cu ( 110 ) atomic spacing , which is a direct consequence of an accidental commensurability between molecule and surface dimensions . In this work we report on a detailed fully atomistic molecular dynamics study of this phenomenon . +1 Further the observations of external galactic nuclei will allow unprecedented measurements of physical parameters ( i.e.structure and luminosity ) in these systems . With the exception of a few 'self-referencing ' sources these faint-target observations will benefit from the available off-axis wavefront-correction system . +1 Mutated XSS attack generation depends on the analysis of attack vectors and the structural learning mechanism . For the kernel of the learning mechanism , we use a Hidden Markov model ( HMM ) as the structure of the attack vector model to capture the implicit manner of the attack vector , and this manner is benefited from the syntax meanings that are labeled by the proposed tokenizing mechanism . +1 By using the above information theoretic observables it is possible to detect changes in the spatial structure of the ground states as the critical point is approached . It is further possible to quantify the scaling behavior of the information theoretic observables in the vicinity of the critical point . +1 Hard scattering is more easily observed via single particle and few particle correlation measurements . The main advantage of jets is higher rate at large $ p_T $ , plus the possibility of detailed studies of soft fragmentation if the soft fragments can be separated from the background . +1 We propose a technique for engineering momentum-dependent dissipation in Bose-Einstein condensates with non-local interactions . The scheme relies on the use of momentum-dependent dark-states in close analogy to velocity-selective coherent population trapping . +1 The forming and melting of complementary base pairs in RNA duplexes are conformational transitions required to accomplish a plethora of biological functions . Yet the dynamic steps of these transitions have not been quantitatively characterized at the molecular level . +0 The huge size of BAT is a challenge for the on-board triggering : a change as small as 1 % is equivalent to a 1 sigma statistical variation in 1 second . The Swift Burst Alert Telescope ( BAT ) is a huge ( 5200 cm2 ) coded aperture imager that will detect gamma-ray bursts in real time and provide a location that the Swift satellite will use to slew the optical and x-ray telescopes . +0 These observations were part of a study to constrain the O2/CO ratio in metal-deficient galaxies , which were motivated by theoretical work that suggests the possible enhancement of the O2/CO ratio in chemically young systems . We report on observations of CO ( 1-0 ) emission from the chemically young starburst galaxy Mrk 109 . +1 We study a model of spinless fermions with infinite nearest-neighbor repulsion on the square ladder which has microscopic supersymmetry . It has been conjectured that in the continuum the model is described by the superconformal minimal model with central charge c=3/2 . +1 In this paper , we first propose two correlated link-weight models , namely ( i ) the deterministic correlated model and ( ii ) the ( log-concave ) stochastic correlated model . Subsequently , we study the shortest path problem and the min-cut problem under these two correlated models . +0 Alternatively , an analysis could be based on a recently proposed expression for shifts in resonance energies which relates them to changes in both $ \alpha $ and the average $ m_q $ of the $ u $ and $ d $ current quark masses , and which makes explicit the dependence on mass number $ A $ and atomic number $ Z $ . It has been customary to use data from the Oklo natural nuclear reactor to place bounds on the change that has occurred in the electromagnetic fine structure constant $ \alpha $ over the last 2 billion years . +0 Meanwhile , the priority of resources allocation is given to the real-time applications . A fairness proportional utility functions policy approach is used to allocate the resources among the user equipment ( UE ) s in a utility percentage form and to ensure a minimum level of customer satisfaction for all the subscribers . +1 The optical theorem for free particles gives a relation between the effective Hamiltonian and the cross section , a relation that is valid also when bound states are present . We have found that the method with the Covariant-evolution-operator/Green 's operator that we have developed primarily for structure problems can here be applied in a rather straightforward manner . +1 We show that it is possible to extract valuable information about social phenomena , such as an epidemic or even rainfall rates , by automatic analysis of the content published in Social Media , and in particular Twitter , using Statistical Machine Learning methods . An important intermediate task regards the formation and identification of features which characterise a target event ; we select and use those textual features in several linear , non-linear and hybrid inference approaches achieving a significantly good performance in terms of the applied loss function . +1 Here , we combine experimental Raman scattering and theoretical studies to clarify and explain this trend . Special attention is given to understanding the surface effect on Raman frequencies by using a force constants model based on first-principles calculations . +0 This channel model , which is an instance of the Gaussian version of index coding , is motivated by applications to multi-terminal networks where the nodes may have access to coded versions of the messages from previous signal hops or through orthogonal channels . Following the approach introduced by Erez and Zamir , we show that lattice codes are optimal for the family of Gaussian broadcast channels where the source transmits a set of common messages to all receivers and each receiver has 'coded side information ' , i.e. , prior information in the form of linear combinations of the messages . +0 We analyse the characteristic physical scales relevant for the description of these radiative corrections . In other words , it is a confirmation that the so-called fine-tuning problem in the Standard Model is just an artefact of the regularization scheme and should not lead to any physical interpretation in terms of the energy scale at which new physics should show up , nor to the appearance of a new symmetry . +0 The largely unknown flux normalization drops out of our calculation and only affects the statistics . This ratio depends on the neutrino energy , density profile of the sources and on the oscillation parameters . +1 For the applications of the three-dimensional dynamical systems , we investigate several special cases and give the exactly dynamical solutions in detail . Furthermore , we proved that the dark energy density parameter $ \Omega_ { \phi } $ would obey the same differential equation not only for all the scalar models in this paper but also for all the non-coupled dark energy models under the GR frame . +1 We further observe a quasi-steady evolution thanks to an open boundary condition , and find that the Petschek-type structure is stable over the long time period . Simulation results and theoretical analyses exhibit that the Petschek outflow channel becomes narrower when the reconnection inflow contains more magnetic energy , as previously claimed . +0 At the highest resolution , two different current and vorticity sheet systems are found to collide , producing two successive accelerations in the development of small scales . One magnetic configuration is examined at an equivalent resolution of $ 6144^3 $ points , and three different configurations on grids of $ 4096^3 $ points . +1 We report the discovery of an eclipsing binary -- PTF1 J072456 $ + $ 125301 -- composed of a subdwarf B ( sdB ) star ( $ g'=17.2^m $ ) with a faint companion . Subdwarf B stars are core helium-burning stars , which can be found on the extreme horizontal branch . +1 Two different scenarios have been invoked to explain its X-ray properties : wind-wind interaction and magnetic wind confinement . Yet , HD 93250 shows absolutely constant radial velocities over time scales of years suggesting either a single star , a binary system seen pole-one or a very long period and/or highly eccentric system . +0 Here we provide a general description of the allowed final equilibrium rotation states of these planets , and apply this to already discovered cases in which the mass is lower than twelve Earth-masses . As many of these planets follow eccentric orbits and are believed to host dense atmospheres , we expect the equilibrium rotation to differ from the synchronous motion . +0 This triggering is due partly to the enhanced velocity dispersion provided by gravitational instabilities , such as density waves and bars , but mainly to the radial gas flows they drive , allowing large amounts of gas to condense towards nuclear regions in a small time scale . The most extreme starbursts occur in galaxy mergers , and it is now acknowledged that dynamical triggering has a primary importance in star formation . +1 We present a theoretical study on the behavior under pressure of the two hypothetical C $ _ { 46 } $ and Li $ _8 $ C $ _ { 46 } $ type-I carbon clathrates in order to bring new informations concerning their synthesis . Using \textit { ab initio } calculations , we have explored the energetic and structural properties under pressure of these two carbon based cage-like materials . +0 These polymeric bijels ( bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels ) were composed of polystyrene oligomer , polybutene and fluorescent hydrophobic silica nanoparticles . We investigated the formation of cocontinuous structures in polymer blends . +1 This equation can be linearized around the homogeneous state and a dispersion relation , that depends explicitly on the Fourier modes of the lattice , can be derived . This allows one to compute the stability thresholds of the homogeneous state , which turn out to depend on the mode number . +1 Piatetsky-Shapiro and I.R . Shafarevich ( 1971 ) , the automorphism group Aut ( X ) of a K3 surface X over C and its action on the Picard lattice S_X are prescribed by the Picard lattice S_X . +0 Our work thus contributes a population-level perspective to debates about the merits of repeated influenza vaccination and advocates for public health policy to incorporate individual vaccine histories . We show that revaccination reduces the influenza attack rate not only because it reduces the overall number of susceptible individuals , but also because it better protects highly-connected individuals , who would otherwise make a disproportionately large contribution to influenza transmission . +0 ) , 21 show extended MIR emission on single dish images . Out of 149 Seyferts in the MIR atlas of local AGN ( Asmus et al . +0 In this framework , we regard atomic diffusion as a microscopic process described by two independent kinematic variables : ( i ) the atomic flux , which reckons the local motion of atoms relative to the motion of the underlying lattice , and ( ii ) the time-rate of the atomic density , which encompasses nonlocal interactions between migrating atoms and characterizes the kinematics of phase separation . We develop a theoretical framework for the diffusion of a single unconstrained species of atoms on a crystal lattice that provides a generalization of the classical theories of atomic diffusion and diffusion-induced phase separation to account for constitutive nonlinearities , external forces , and the deformation of the lattice . +1 At least four of these stars have large rotational velocities ( $ v \sin i $ $ \gtrsim $ 170 $ \mathrm { km~s^ { -1 } } $ ) and are expected to be oblate . These interferometric measurements , the stars ' observed photometric energy distributions , and $ v \sin i $ values are used to computationally construct model oblate stars from which stellar properties ( inclination , rotational velocity , and the radius and effective temperature as a function of latitude , etc . ) +0 The optical analogs of these velocity effects are described . The Rabi oscillations of a two-level atom illuminated by a laser on resonance with the atomic transition may be suppressed by the atomic motion through averaging or filtering mechanisms . +1 Results are obtained with a load ratio of R = -1 for three different loadings : tension , torsion and combined tension-torsion . The critical defect size determined is 400 \pm 100 \mum in A356-T6 under multiaxial loading . +0 The holonomicity of the normal bases is considered . All such bases are explicitly described . +1 In this paper a new block-structure method is presented for the solution of the well-known from gravity theory matrix system of equations g { ij } g { jk } =delta { i } { k } ( with respect to the unknown covariant components g { ij } and by known contravariant ones g { jk } ) by transforming this matrix system into a linear algebraic system of equations in the general N-dimensional case . Although powerful computer methods exist for the solution of this problem for a given ( fixed ) dimension of the matrices g { ij } and especially for numerical elements of g { ij } , the structure of the obtained linear algebraic system in the general N-dimensional case and for arbitrary elements of g { ij } ( functions ) has not been known . +1 We developed a new technology for global detection of atmospheric disturbances , on the basis of phase measurements of the total electron content ( TEC ) using an international GPS networks . Temporal dependencies of TEC are obtained for a set of spaced receivers of the GPS network simultaneously for the entire set of visible satellites . +1 The data are compared with QCD predictions for various sets of parton distribution functions . The cross section for jets with $ E_T & gt ; 200 $ GeV is significantly higher than current predictions based on O ( $ \alpha_s^3 $ ) perturbative QCD calculations . +1 These data sets include expression microarrays for genes and microRNAs -- short , non-coding strands of RNA that downregulate gene expression through RNA interference -- as well as days_to_death and days_to_last_followup fields for each tumor sample . Our aim is to develop a software tool that screens TCGA data sets for genes/miRNAs with functional involvement in specific cancers . +1 Even though this sampling may not be significant for some statistics , such as packet rate , others can be severely distorted . However , it is important to consider the sampling techniques and their relative accuracy when applied to different traffic patterns . +0 We find the canonical su ( 2|2 ) ^2 invariant S-matrix satisfying the standard Yang-Baxter and crossing symmetry equations . We discuss the Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebra for the superstring sigma-model on AdS_5 x S^5 . +0 In this work , we systematically study the production cross sections of black holes , string balls , and p-branes at hadronic supercolliders . When the energy scale is above the string scale or Planck scale a number of interesting phenomena occur , namely , production of stringy states , p-branes , string balls , black hole , etc . +0 A turbulent or otherwise highly structured cloud is necessary to avoid cancelling too much angular momentum through shocks at closest approach . We show that a prolate cloud oriented perpendicular to its orbital plane naturally produces a spread in angular momenta in the gas which can translate into misaligned discs as is seen in the young stars orbiting Sagittarius A* . +1 For the intermediate values of the interaction expected to hold in the iron pnictides , we find a metallic low moment state characterized by antiparallel orbital magnetic moments . The anisotropy of the interorbital hopping amplitudes is the key to understanding this low moment state . +1 The performance is good both asymptotically , since the belief propagation thresholds approach capacity , as well as for finite lengths , since degree-2 variables that result in high error floors can be completely avoided . However , to realize the promised good performance , one needs large blocklengths . +0 We compare our results with parton shower programs and with the experimental data at the Tevatron and the LHC . We calculate this soft function at the next-to-leading order , and perform the resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy . +1 In this study we explore , both from theoretical and experimental side , the effect of Fe doping in ZrO2 ( ZrO2 : Fe ) . By means of first principles simulation we study the magnetization density and the magnetic interaction between Fe atoms . +0 This is then used to strengthen the known correlation between P and S using B-band images . In contrast to previous work , we show that observed spiral arm pitch angles are similar when measured in the optical ( at 0.4 um ) and the near-infrared ( at 2.1 um ) with a mean difference of 2.3+/-2.7 degrees . +1 We study the thermodynamic properties of spin systems on small-world hypergraphs , obtained by superimposing sparse Poisson random graphs with p-spin interactions onto a one-dimensional Ising chain with nearest-neighbor interactions . We use replica-symmetric transfer-matrix techniques to derive a set of fixed-point equations describing the relevant order parameters and free energy , and solve them employing population dynamics . +0 In this limit , the numbers of colours and flavours are taken to be large with their ratio fixed . We study the moduli space of 4d N=1 supersymmetric QCD in the Veneziano limit using Hilbert series . +1 We say~ $ n $ is weird if~ $ n $ is abundant but not pseudoperfect . We call a weird number~ $ n $ primitive if none of its aliquot parts are weird . +1 The scaling limit of the SAW has a natural parameterization and SLE has a standard parameterization using the half-plane capacity . These two parameterizations do not correspond with one another . +1 The Dirac point gap enhancement can be much larger than that of the minigaps opened by Bragg scattering at principal superlattice harmonics . This naturally explains the conundrum of large Dirac point gaps recently observed in G/h-BN heterostructures and their tunability by the G/h-BN twist angle . +0 The increase in temperature then stops , all heat being used to transform the liquid into vapor . Everybody knows that when a liquid is heated , its temperature increases until the moment when it starts to boil . +0 The GPI IFS features a 2.7 '' x 2.7 '' field of view and a 190 x 190 lenslet array ( 14.3 mas/lenslet ) operating in $ Y $ , $ J $ , $ H $ , and $ K $ bands with spectral resolving power ranging from $ R $ $ \sim $ 35 to 78 . We present the wavelength calibration for the lenslet-based Integral Field Spectrograph ( IFS ) that serves as the science instrument for the Gemini Planet Imager ( GPI ) . +1 This nonlocality is responsible for the deviation of the power law exponent from $ \alpha=1/\nu $ of the edge fluid . There are gapless edge excitations described by chiral boson fields and the number of branches of chiral boson fields can be related to the polarization states of electrons in the bulk . +1 Futhermore , the counterpropagating geometry results in images that are symmetric with respect to the relative velocity vector . This allows for the use of inverse Abel transformation methods that enhance the resolution further . +1 Cells acquired an asymmetric distribution of protrusions ( and traction forces ) that decreased when moving from the edge to the island center . Our in silico analysis also showed that tension on cell-cell junctions ( and monolayer stress ) is not homogeneous across the island . +0 This is equivalent to the Markov model , in which each syllable is associated with one state , and the transition probabilities between the states do not depend on the state transition history . A common approach for characterizing the syntax of these complex syllable sequences is to use transition probabilities between the syllables . +0 We perform simultaneous optical and mechanical measurements on polyether ether ketone , a semi-crystalline polymer widely used in the industry . We couple a laser-based , space-resolved dynamic light scattering apparatus to a universal testing machine for mechanical extensional tests . +0 Our method compares favorably with a similar recently-published method , featuring an improvement of one polynomial order of computational complexity ( to quadratic in the number of trees analyzed ) , with simulation studies suggesting only a small penalty to classification accuracy . Results : We propose and implement KDETREES , a nonparametric method of estimating distributions of phylogenetic trees , with the goal of identifying trees which are significantly different from the rest of the trees in the sample . +1 We compare the cosmological first-order post-Newtonian ( 1PN ) approximation with the relativistic cosmological linear perturbation theory in a zero-pressure medium with the cosmological constant . We compare equations and solutions in several different gauge conditions available in both methods . +1 Moreover , analytical and numerical descriptions are presented that do not only reproduce qualitative features but can also be used to accurately model and predict the characteristics of experimental systems . Particular emphasis lies on temporal dissipative Kerr solitons with regard to optical frequency comb generation where they are of particular importance . +0 In the case that the PDE plate component is rotational inertia-free , one will have that solutions of this fluid-structure PDE system exhibit an exponential rate of decay . In particular , a three-dimensional Stokes flow interacts across a boundary interface with a two-dimensional mechanical plate equation . +1 Double $ J/\psi $ production on the order of 20-30 pb has been observed by the NA3 collaboration . These $ \psi \psi $ pairs , measured in $ \pi^- N $ interactions at 150 and 280 GeV $ /c $ and in $ pN $ interactions at 400 GeV $ /c $ , carry a large fraction of the projectile momentum , $ x_ { \psi \psi } \geq 0.6 $ for the 150 GeV $ /c $ beam and $ \geq 0.4 $ at 280 GeV $ /c $ . +0 Using a two-arm regenerator set up it is possible to measure the imaginary parts of the $ K^0 ( \bar { K } ^0 ) $ -nucleon scattering amplitudes in the correlated decays of the $ \phi $ -resonance . Despite the fact that the regenerator has a fixed length one can obtain different values for the probability distribution of the $ K_L $ decay into a final state . +1 The repulsive Coulomb force poses severe challenges when describing $ ( d , p ) $ reactions for highly charged nuclei as a three-body problem . Casting Faddeev-AGS equations in a Coulomb basis avoids introducing screening of the Coulomb force . +0 As the simplest approach , the classical Ising model is often used to investigate the thermodynamic behavior of such systems . The study of frustrated spin systems often requires time-consuming numerical simulations . +1 The estimated total mass of G19.30+0.07 is ~1130 Msun . The cloud comprises four compact NH3 clumps of mass ~30 to 160 Msun . +1 We consider single-photon emission and scattering when the photon is initially inside the cavity and in the fields outside the cavity , respectively . Using our solutions , we calculate the single-photon emission and scattering spectra , and find relations between the spectral features and the system 's inherent parameters , such as : the optomechanical coupling strength , the mechanical frequency , and the cavity-field decay rate . +1 It consists in a description in terms of the densities of particles and energy and their fluxes of all orders , with the motion described by a set of coupled nonlinear integro-differential equations involving them . These Maxwell Times have a fundamental role in determining the type of hydrodynamic motion that the system would display in the given condition and constraints . +1 Transcription regulation is largely governed by the profile and the dynamics of transcription factors ' binding to DNA . Stochastic effects are intrinsic to this dynamics and the binding to functional sites must be controled with a certain specificity for living organisms to be able to elicit specific cellular responses . +1 The theoretical formalism used is the generalized gradient approximation to density functional theory ( GGA-DFT ) with the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof ( PBE ) exchange-correlation functional . Each compound has been studied at six levels of theory : non-magnetic ( NM ) , non-magnetic with spin-orbit coupling ( NM+SOC ) , ferromagnetic ( FM ) , ferromagnetic with spin-orbit coupling ( FM+SOC ) , anti-ferromagnetic ( AFM ) , and anti-ferromagnetic with spin-orbit coupling ( AFM+SOC ) . +0 Photoluminescence and optical reflectivity measurements confirm the existence of the prepared trion state . When isolating the trion state , we observed changes in the Raman A1g intensity and an enhanced feature on the low energy side of the E12g peak . +0 The spectroscopic properties and photometric variability of all the objects are discussed and a classification of the source is given where possible . To distinguish accreting binaries from chromospherically active objects we develop and explain criteria based on Halpha and HeI 5786,6678 emission line properties available in the literature . +0 Specifically , we present three separate 2D DNS : one that is doubly-periodic , one that is singly-periodic , and one that is non-periodic ( i.e.no-slip is imposed at the lateral boundaries ) . } $ ( 2014 ) , which contains a ( non-unity ) prefactor on the advection term , previously unaccounted for in all studies . +1 In all these cases the governing equations are intractable , consisting as they do of multidimensional Fokker-Planck equations or , equivalently , coupled nonlinear stochastic differential equations with multiplicative noise . We develop a methodology which exploits a separation in time scales between fast and slow variables to reduce these equations so that they resemble those for a single island , which are amenable to analysis . +1 A challenging aspect of VM deployment is the additional computing resources usage in the deployment and management of VM which obliges computing resources for VM creation and configuration . The management of VM comprises computing resources exploitation in the monitoring of VM in entire lifecycle and physical resources management for VM on SMDs . +0 In the elastic limit , we find several cases where a closed solution for the conductance is possible , including the case of a constant exchange interaction . We discuss both the elastic and rapid-thermalization limits , where the rate of inelastic scattering in the dot is either small or large compared with the elastic transition rate , respectively . +1 In this work , we investigate the evolution of a primordial belt of asteroids , represented by a large number of massless test particles , under the gravitational effect of migrating Jovian planets in the framework of the jumping-Jupiter model . We perform several simulations considering test particles distributed in the Main Belt , as well as in the Hilda and Trojan groups . +0 Moreover , it is assumed that the matrix elements of the residual interaction , obtained after the average interaction is removed , are random with the average value of zero . It is based on the proposition that the mean field can be obtained as an energy average . +1 The energy of a deformed crystal is calculated in the context of a lattice model with general binary interactions in two dimensions . A new bond counting approach is used , which reduces the problem to the lattice point problem of number theory . +0 It is also an ellipsoidal variable with a known binary period just over two hours . KPD 1930+2752 is a short-period pulsating subdwarf B ( sdB ) star . +1 For many examples of Fano manifolds this method can be used to compute the minimal length of chains needed to join two general points . One consequence of our computation is a bound on the multiplicities of divisors at a general point of the moduli of stable bundles of rank two on a curve . +1 Lett , \textbf { 101 } , 097205 ( 2008 ) ] . A careful electronic structure analysis suggests that coupling between Dy and Fe spin sublattices is mediated by Dy- $ d $ and O- $ 2p $ hybridization . +0 Recently , it was shown that use of non-Gaussianity identifies a causal ordering of variables in a linear acyclic model without using any prior knowledge on the network structure , which is not the case with conventional methods . In such frameworks , linear acyclic models are typically used to model the datagenerating process of variables . +1 These values are in accord with predictions of Parry { \it et al . } [ Phys.Rev.Lett . { \bf 100 } , 136105 ( 2008 ) ] . +0 We used wavelet analysis to explore the temporal development of periodic signals . The aim of this paper is to analyse the previously discovered discontinuity of the periodicity of the GeV $ \gamma $ -ray emission of the radio-loud X-ray binary LS I +61 { \deg } 303 and to determine its physical origin.Methods . +0 We find that the coupling together of a large number of low-lying excitations leads to strong many-body corrections , which could be observed in inelastic light scattering or optical absorption . We then turn to the many-body problem , where particle-hole symmetry and the existence of two valleys lead to a number of effects peculiar to graphene . +0 Such Ward identities are recovered in gauge/gravity dual setups through holographic renormalization . Some well-known statements , such as the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation , descend directly from the Ward identities and have thus a general relevance . +0 We apply a new prescription to treat the string state contribution and find agreements for the two-point functions . We treat the D-brane and open string contribution separately and find the corresponding D3-brane and string configurations in bulk which connect the composite operators at the AdS $ _5 $ boundary . +1 Observations on 2011 August 9 of an X6.9-class flare in active region ( AR ) 11263 by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly ( AIA ) on-board the Solar Dynamics Observatory ( SDO ) , were followed by a rare detection of vertical kink oscillations in a large-scale coronal active region plasma curtain in EUV coronal lines . The damped oscillations with periods in the range 8.8-14.9 min were detected and analyzed recently . +0 The abstract model that is developed is easily adapted to any particular field . A model is developed to study the effectiveness of innovation and its impact on structure creation and structure change on agent-based societies . +0 In this paper , we use observations with the Parkes radio telescope at a centre frequency of 1369 and 3100 MHz to produce high phase resolution polarisation profiles for the two modes and perform a detailed study of the correlation between observed pulse shape and spin-down rate . These changes have previously been shown to correlate with changes in the derivative of the pulse frequency . +0 Our main result is that hsiz ( A ) /66 & lt ; hcap ( A ) leq 7 hsiz ( A ) / ( 2 pi ) . In this note , we show that hcap ( A ) is comparable to a more geometric quantity hsiz ( A ) that we define to be the 2-dimensional Lebesgue measure of the union of all balls tangent to R whose centers belong to A . +0 An interesting effect uncovered in our analysis is a cosmological version of the Vainshtein screening mechanism : at early times , the galileon dynamics are dominated by self-interaction terms , resulting in its energy density being suppressed compared to matter or radiation ; once the matter density has redshifted sufficiently , the galileon becomes an important component of the energy density and contributes to dark energy . Perturbations are stable on one branch and ghost-like on the other . +0 We also show how to use our approach to realize the bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 and the Kitaev honeycomb models . Using the numerically exact density matrix renormalization group method , we find that these interacting phases -- previously studied only in the nearest-neighbor case -- survive in the presence of long-range dipolar interactions . +0 For $ d ' & gt ; d $ , we consider the fiber polytope ( in the sense of Billera and Sturmfels ) associated to the natural projection of cyclic polytopes $ \pi : C ( n , d ' ) \to C ( n , d ) $ which `` forgets '' the last $ d'-d $ coordinates . The cyclic polytope $ C ( n , d ) $ is the convex hull of any $ n $ points on the moment curve $ { ( t , t^2 , ... , t^d ) : t \in \reals } $ in $ \reals^d $ . +0 We report on the detection of warm absorbers in two Broad Line Radio Galaxies , 3C 382 and 3C 390.3 , and discuss the physical and energetic properties of the absorbing gas . The recent high-resolution detection of warm absorbers in some Broad Line Radio Galaxies allow us to investigate the interplay between the nuclear engine and the surrounding medium from a different perspective . +0 Gas inside the shock is strongly compressed and heated by shock so that X-ray luminosity rapidly rises in the early stage . The shock front separates the inner X-ray emitting , hot region , where gas is almost in hydrostatic equilibrium but with small radial infall ( $ \sim 100 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ ) being left , from the outer cool region . +0 We use the extragalactic source counts from ISOCAM in conjunction with K-band counts to predict the confusion due to galaxies in deep mid-IR observations . Recent ISO-data has allowed for the first time observationally based estimates for source confusion in mid-infrared surveys . +1 Unusual metallic states involving breakdown of the standard Fermi-liquid picture of long-lived quasiparticles in well-defined band states emerge at low temperatures near correlation-driven Mott transitions . Prominent examples are ill-understood metallic states in $ d $ - and $ f $ -band compounds near Mott-like transitions . +1 Proximity-induced superconductivity in a 3D topological insulator represents a new avenue for observing zero-energy Majorana fermions inside vortex cores . Relatively small gaps and low transition temperatures of conventional s-wave superconductors put the hard constraints on these experiments . +0 We augment the model to include loss effects , and show that loss enhances the excitation transfer effect by breaking the severe cancelation between different paths that occurs in the lossless case . In the lossless case , we demonstrate these effects numerically , and also use an approximate diagonalization to show that these effects are expected from the model Hamiltonian . +0 We solve the radiation transfer equation together with the hydrostatic equilibrium equation accounting exactly for the radiation pressure by electron scattering . We also compare the results with the previous calculations based on the Kompaneets operator . +1 Different from the traditional detection problem , the goal is to discover key salient points as a way to localize and count the number of objects simultaneously . We propose two alternatives , one that counts first and then point , and another that works the other way around . +1 Owing to the trace anomaly of the energy-momentum tensor , both a production of radion in $ \gamma \gamma $ collision and its decay to gluon pair are enhanced sizably . We find that the photon collider has a sensitivity for discovering the radion in low-mass region up to $ \Lambda_\phi\sim 3 { \rm TeV } $ , where $ \Lambda_\phi $ is a scale parameter which suppresses the interactions of radion to the Standard Model particles . +0 Single top quark events are selected in the lepton+jets final state by CDF and D0 and in the missing transverse energy plus jets final state by CDF . The production of single-top quarks occurs via the weak interaction at the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton collider . +1 A total of 302 third-order Goldstone diagrams are organized into 12 one-body and 23 two-body terms . Only third-order two-body terms and diagrams are presented here , owing to the fact that the one-body terms are identical to the previously studied third-order terms in monovalent ions . +0 We introduce a suggestive Supersymmetric 27-plet of particles , associated to the exceptional symmetric hermitian space $ E_ { 6 } /Spin^ { c } ( 10 ) $ . Partly to cure them , we present several arguments for `` $ F $ -Theory '' , enlarging spacetime to $ ( 2 , 10 ) $ signature , following the original suggestion of C. Vafa . +1 Algorithms combining soft thresholding with gradient descent are proposed for minimizing this new functional . Numerical tests validate our approach . +0 Application providers ( AP ) , who are customers of the CP , deploy applications on the cloud infrastructure and then these applications are used by the end-users . This technology allows for provisioning of various resources such as virtual machines ( VM ) , physical machines , processors , memory , network , storage and software as per the needs of customers . +0 The `` double-spin '' model has an on-site Hunds 's coupling and inter-site interactions extending to second neighbors ( inter- and intra-orbital ) on the square lattice . We study a two-orbital spin model to describe ( pi,0 ) stripe antiferromagnetism in the iron pnictides . +1 The fourth stream is much broader , roughly 45 kpc distant , at least 53 degrees in length , and is most likely the tidal debris from a dwarf galaxy . As the streams each span multiple constellations , we extend tradition and designate them the Acheron , Cocytos , Lethe , and Styx streams . +1 We are interested in the error introduced by a finite element discretisation of these problems . In contrast to several recent works on the analysis of standard nodal finite element discretisations , we consider here mass-conservative lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite elements . +1 We present deterministic distributed algorithms for computing approximate maximum cardinality matchings and approximate maximum weight matchings . Our algorithm for the unweighted case computes a matching whose size is at least $ ( 1-\eps ) $ times the optimal in $ \Delta^ { O ( 1/\eps ) } + O\left ( \frac { 1 } { \eps^2 } \right ) \cdot\log^* ( n ) $ rounds where $ n $ is the number of vertices in the graph and $ \Delta $ is the maximum degree . +1 It is known that a point sequence in R^d that is order-type homogeneous forms the vertex set of a convex polytope that is combinatorially equivalent to a cyclic polytope in R^d . Two famous theorems of Erdos and Szekeres from 1935 imply that OT_1 ( n ) = Theta ( n^2 ) and OT_2 ( n ) = 2^ ( Theta ( n ) ) . +1 \ ] We consider a class of infinite randomly weighted trees related to the Poisson-weighted infinite tree , and determine precisely which trees in this class have linear growth almost surely . We then apply this characterization to obtain new results concerning the event of explosion in infinite randomly weighted spherically-symmetric trees , answering a question of Pemantle and Peres . +1 Then we discuss contributions to rare charm meson decay observables in several models of new physics : a model with an additional spin-1 weak triplet , leptoquark models , Two Higgs doublets model of type III , and a $ Z ' $ model . Here we complement the discussion by $ D^0 - \bar D^0 $ oscillations data . +1 The study of frustrated spin systems often requires time-consuming numerical simulations . As the simplest approach , the classical Ising model is often used to investigate the thermodynamic behavior of such systems . +0 This paper describes the automated calibration and reduction scheme used to process the archive data with particular emphasis on `jiggle-map ' observations of compact sources . The data archive is now sufficiently large that it can be used to investigate instrumental properties and the variability of astronomical sources . +1 In this paper , the authors devise a scheme , A Novel Adaptive Channel Allocation Scheme ( ACAS ) where the number of guard channel ( s ) is adjusted automatically based on the average handoff blocking rate measured in the past certain period of time . The handoff blocking rate is controlled under the designated threshold and the new call blocking rate is minimized . +1 In this article , we take a model-independent approach , and discuss a number of possibilities for dark matter candidates which could potentially generate such a feature . While we identify several scenarios which could lead to such a gamma-ray line , these models are each fairly constrained . +1 Such findings can be interpreted as an evidence for an additional nonthermal pressure in the outskirts of these clusters . This nonthermal component may be due to turbulence stirred by residual bulk motions of extragalactic gas infalling into the cluster . +1 Such an analysis is more sensitive to structure on scales & gt ; 50 Mpc than a full 3 dimensional analysis given the geometry of the survey . We find a strong peak in the power spectrum at approximately 100 Mpc relative to the smooth continuum expected from the best fit Cold Dark Matter model ( Probability is 2.5x10^ { -4 } with Omega h = 0.3 assuming a Gaussian random field ) . +1 Our studies clearly show that earlier authors have incorrectly reported the tetragonal structure in the I4/m space group for SrLa ( FeTi ) O6 and the cubic structure in the Fm3m space group for BaLa ( FeTi ) O6 . The correct structure is found to be orthorhombic in the Pnma space group for SrLa ( FeTi ) O6 while cubic in the Pm3m space group for BaLa ( FeTi ) O6 . +0 Firstly , we apply state abstraction directly on the FOMDP avoiding propositionalization . Our approach combines first-order state abstraction that avoids evaluating states individually , and heuristic search that avoids evaluating all states . +0 We show that the Baecklund transformations can be represented as a finite-time evolution generated by a special linear combination of the Pohlmeyer charges . We explain the relation between the Baecklund transformations and the energy shift of the dual field theory state . +1 We show that , ( 1 ) due to its growth in time this network displays a scale-free feature in that the probability of the number of links at a node obeys a power-law distribution , and ( 2 ) as a result of performance optimization of the program the network has a small-world structure . We believe that these features are generic for large computer programs . +0 The extension is non-trivial as the two methods can not be combined naively . Our main contribution is a sound methodto combine our previous optimal method for tracking least fix-points in PDL with our previous optimal method for handling converse in the description logic ALCI . +1 Two streams of modeling exist on explaining the dynamics of social networks : 1 ) models predicting links through network properties , and 2 ) models considering the effects of social attributes . In this interdisciplinary study we work to overcome a number of computational limitations within these current models . +0 Treating these solutions in a unified way , we note that they allow for precisely two values of the radius of the relevant sphere , and that the solution with the smaller value of the radius has the lower energy . The `` basic '' such solutions describe either N fundamental strings or N D4-branes expanding into a D6-brane , with topology M^2 x S^5 or M^5 x S^2 respectively . +0 We discuss the limit of applicability of the techniques of statistical mechanics to the present problem . These results applied to the number partitioning problem as a special case are compared with those which were previously obtained by a different method . +0 Both supersymmetry and the gauge symmetry are spontaneously broken , with the spin-3/2 , spin-1 and spin-1/2 masses sliding along a classical flat direction , with a single real massless scalar in the spectrum . It contains a single chiral supermultiplet T and a single U ( 1 ) vector multiplet U , gauging an axionic shift symmetry . +0 Special emphasis is placed on the interplay of non-equilibrium effects and electron-electron interactions . We analyze the spectrum of the electric-current autocorrelation function ( noise power ) in the Anderson impurity model biased by a finite transport voltage . +0 We then introduce a modified DAMA model , and we discuss its properties . We discuss how such problems are alleviated in models that construct dual amplitudes with Mandelstam analyticity ( so-called DAMA models ) . +0 A vast majority of research in this area focus on design heuristic protocols , and analyze their performance by simulations on networks generated randomly or obtained in practical measurements of some ( usually small-size ) wireless networks. % some library . Development of many futuristic technologies , such as MANET , VANET , iThings , nano-devices , depend on efficient distributed communication protocols in multi-hop ad hoc networks . +0 Simulations are carried out on $ 8^3\times 24 $ , $ 10^3\times 24 $ , $ 12^3\times 24 $ and $ 16^3\times 24 $ lattices at $ \beta $ =5.7 at the quenched level with the standard plaquette gauge action and the Wilson quark action . We study spin $ \frac12 $ hadronic states in quenched lattice QCD to search for a possible $ S=+1 $ pentaquark resonance . +0 We have compared these push-pull systems with donor-acceptor substituted polymethine imine ( PMI ) , $ D- ( CHN ) _ { x } -A $ , systems in which besides electron affinities , the nature of $ p_ { z } $ orbitals in conjugation also alternate from site to site . Our studies reveal that the end groups do not affect spin and charge velocities in any significant way , but change the amount of charge transported . +1 Such semiflexible polymers have large bending rigidities that can compete with the entropic tendency of a chain to crumple up into a random coil . Many studies on semiflexible polymers and their assemblies have been motivated by their importance in biology . +0 For a spacecraft at a distance of 10 astronomical units from Earth ( e.g. , Earth-Saturn ) , this means an improvement by a factor of 8 compared to conventional methods . By comparing pulse arrival times measured on-board the spacecraft with predicted pulse arrivals at some reference location , the spacecraft position can be determined autonomously with accuracies on the order of 5 kilometres . +0 A byproduct is the explicit formula for the translation matrix that relates the fermionic spherical waves in different coordinate systems . Using operator approach , we derive the TGTG-formula for the Casimir interaction energy between the two spheres . +1 Hence , it is intermediate between deep pencil beam surveys and very wide but shallow surveys . The main scientific goal of the OACDF is the identification and characterization of early-type field galaxies at different look-back times in order to study different scenarios of galaxy formation . +0 In the limit m- & gt ; infinity , this transition takes place at L_c=1/T_c , where T_c is the critical temperature of the deconfinement transition in pure Yang-Mills theory . In the m-L plane , there is a line of center symmetry changing phase transitions . +0 This measure 's density is either ( post-collision ) Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution or Knudsen cosine law , and the random processes with infinitesimal generator L respectively correspond to what we call MB diffusion and ( generalized ) Legendre diffusion . It is shown that ( P_h -I ) /h converges for small h to a second order elliptic differential operator L on compactly supported functions and that the Markov chain process associated to P_h converges to a diffusion with infinitesimal generator L. Both P_h and L are selfadjoint ( densely ) defined on the space L2 ( H , { \eta } ) of square-integrable functions over the ( lower ) half-space H in R^m , where { \eta } is a stationary measure . +1 No gap appears at temperatures above 150K , which is four times smaller than the theoretically expected $ T_ { c } $ , from the accepted mean field model [ T. O. Wehling et al.Phys.Rev.Lett . 101 , 216803 ( 2008 ) ] . +0 Differences and similarities between the two cases are also discussed . We show that the phenomena is governed in both cases by a power-law regime but the critical exponents depend on the type of bifurcation and may also depend on the numerical experiment set-up . +1 We prove that the `coordinate functions ' $ \ { f_i , i=1 , \ldots , n \ } $ , ( where $ f_i ( g ) : =\lambda_i ( { \rm Ad } _g ( H_1 ) ) $ , $ \ { \lambda_1 , \ldots , \lambda_n\ } $ is basis of $ \clg^\prime $ ) are `quadratically independent ' in the sense that they do not satisfy any nontrivial homogeneous quadratic relations among them . Using this , it is proved that there is no genuine compact quantum group which can act faithtully on $ C ( M ) $ such that the action leaves invariant the linear span of the above cordinate functions . +1 For the rational , elliptic and trigonometric r-matrices , we exhibit the links between three `` levels '' of Poisson spaces : ( a ) Some finite-dimensional spaces of matrix-valued holomorphic functions on the complex line ; ( b ) Spaces of spectral curves and sheaves supported on them ; ( c ) Symmetric products of a surface . We have , at each level , a linear space of compatible Poisson structures , and the maps relating the levels are Poisson . +1 For instance , we prove that an inverse monoid $ S $ is of type $ FP_ { \infty } $ , if and only if it contains a minimal idempotent and its maximum group image is of the same type . Regarding cohomological dimensions , we show that the cohomological dimension of a free Clifford monoid and that of its maximum group image agree and are equal to one . +1 Starting from the phenomenological interaction DD-ME2 with density-dependent meson-nucleon couplings , we construct a family of point-coupling effective interactions for different values of the strength parameter of the isoscalar-scalar derivative term . In the meson-exchange picture this corresponds to different values of the $ \sigma $ -meson mass . +0 We demonstrate that this drawback can be eliminated almost completely by creating a laser-induced continuum structure ( LICS ) by embedding a third discrete state into the continuum with a third control laser . For strong spontaneous emission from that state , however , the ionization is never complete because the dark state required for STIRAP does not exist . +0 This paper presents the modified ER notation with an ER diagram drawn based on the new notation . Introducing some new concepts , we have adapted the original ER notation and developed a new transformation algorithm based on the existing one . +0 Only two new objects are detected outside the boundary of previous maps , despite the much wider area surveyed . Using an automated identification algorithm , we detect 100 candidate objects . +1 Simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations are systematically carried out during outburst and quiescence periods . By correlating extinction-free parameters , such as HI recombination lines and underlying continuum , it is possible to infer on the mechanism ( s ) responsible for their origin . +0 The synchronization time depends dramatically on the applied dc electric field and electron scattering rate , and is roughly inversely proportional to the radiative damping rate that is determined by the carrier concentration and the geometrical parameters of the device . We show that under appropriate conditions synchronization of the dynamics of single electrons takes place , leading to a rise of the oscillating component of the charge current . +1 Another effort has provided guarantees for dictionaries that have a near optimal projection procedure using greedy-like algorithms . However , no claims have been given for frames . +1 The reduced spectra were fitted with a multicomponent model in order to isolate the contributions of various continuum and emission-line components . We present light curves of broad emission lines and the AGN continuum , and measurements of the broad H-beta line widths in mean and root-mean square ( rms ) spectra . +1 Our formalism includes the exact treatment of the so-called Pauli operator in a partial wave expansion of the equation of state . Nuclear and neutron matter calculations are done using a coupled particle-particle and hole-hole ladder approximation . +1 We analytically calculate the pressure and entropy to three-loop order and the screening mass to two-loop order , expanding in powers of m/T . The truncated m/T-expansion results are compared with numerical SPT results for the pressure , entropy and screening mass which are accurate to all orders in m/T . +0 We use the Highly Improved Staggered Quark formalism for the light quarks and show that staggered chiral perturbation theory for the $ m_ { \pi } $ dependence is almost identical to continuum chiral perturbation theory for $ f_0 $ , $ f_B $ and $ f_ { \pi } $ . We are able to resolve a long-standing controversy by showing that the soft-pion theorem result $ f_0 ( q^2_ { max } ) = f_B/f_ { \pi } $ does hold as $ m_ { \pi } \rightarrow 0 $ . +0 We explore the involved fundamental processes of quantum interference of the corresponding spectroscopy by examining the Laplace transform of the corresponding state-vector subjected to steady coherent illumination in the rotating wave approximation and Weisskopf-Wigner treatment of spontaneous emission as a simplest probability loss . We extend the concepts of the Autler-Townes doublet and triplet spectroscopy to quartuplet , quintuplet and suggest linkages in sodium atom in which to display these spectra . +0 Using Shareshian and Wachs ' exponential generating function of these Eulerian polynomials , Chung and Graham proved two symmetrical $ q $ -Eulerian identities and asked for bijective proofs . The $ ( q , r ) $ -Eulerian polynomials are the $ ( \maj- $ $ \exc , \fix , \exc ) $ enumerative polynomials of permutations . +0 Using the graphicality criterion , we show that the upper cutoff must be lower than $ k_c N^ { 1/\gamma } $ for $ \gamma & lt ; 2 $ , whereas any upper cutoff is allowed for $ \gamma & gt ; 2 $ . { \bf 107 } , 178701 ( 2011 ) ] , while making it more rigorous and applicable to general values of kc . +1 Under an infinite sequence of generalized local linear growth and Lipschitz conditions , the well-posedness of an adapted 4-tuple strong solution is proved over a suitably constructed topological space . Second , we consider a unified system of FB-SDEs , a special form of the FB-SPDEs , however , with skew boundary reflections . +1 Through its sizable couplings to the Z ' , the dark matter is predicted to possess an elastic scattering cross section with neutrons which can generate the signals reported by the CoGeNT and DAMA/LIBRA collaborations . To avoid being overproduced in the early universe , the dark matter must annihilate to leptons through the exchange of charged or neutral fermions which appear in the 27 of E_6 , providing an excellent fit to the gamma ray spectrum observed from the Galactic Center by the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope . +1 A specular surface morphology was attained by limiting the hydrogen etch rate until the system was equilibrated at the desired growth temperature . The RMS roughness of the grown films ranged from 0.5-2.0 nm with very few morphological defects ( carrots , triangular defects , etc . ) +0 With views towards applications , development of thin films of multiferroic materials have also progressed enormously and nowadays thin film manganites are available with properties mimicking those of bulk compounds . Multiferroic RMnO3 perovskites are central to this progress providing a suitable platform to tailor spin-spin and spin-lattice interactions . +1 We discuss perturbative evolution of the polarized structure function g_1 in the ( x , Q^2 ) plane , with special regard to the small-x region . We determine g_1 in terms of polarized quark and gluon distributions using coefficient functions to order alpha_s . +0 It is proved that there exists a left proper combinatorial model structure such that two objects are weakly equivalent if and only if they have the same cubes after simplification of the labelling . In this paper , we turn our attention to the full subcategory of weak higher dimensional transition systems which are unions of cubes . +0 From our results , obtained by linking the simulation boxes back to source redshifts of 4 , we are able to observe the formation of structure in terms of the computed shear , and also note that the major contributions to the shear come from a very broad range of redshifts . We also establish clearly defined values for the smoothness parameter in the relation , finding its value to be at least 0.88 at all redshifts in our simulations . +1 Utilizing the damped random walk model of Kelly et al . ( 2009 ) , we parameterize the ensemble quasar structure function in Sloan Stripe 82 as a function of observed brightness . +1 For the finite-dimensional case we study the vanishing-viscosity limit of doubly nonlinear equations given in terms of a differentiable energy functional and a dissipation potential which is a viscous regularization of a given rate-independent dissipation potential . The resulting definition of 'BV solutions ' involves , in a nontrivial way , both the rate-independent and the viscous dissipation potential , which play a crucial role in the description of the associated jump trajectories . +1 The the duality between $ { \cal N } =4 $ SYM and the AdS $ _5\times\ ; $ S $ ^5 $ superstring appears to enjoy quantum integrability in the planar limit , which allowed to devise powerful methods ostensibly solving the spectral problem . However , quantization of the AdS $ _5\times\ ; $ S $ ^5 $ superstring from first principles is still an open question and especially the spectrum of short string states has previously been derived only at leading order in large 't Hooft coupling . +0 Therefore , we conclude that X-ray emission from the Galactic plane has truly diffuse origin . Even hypothesizing a new population of much dimmer and numerous Galactic point sources , the total observed X-ray flux can not be explained . +0 The tack energy for the perpendicular alignment can be 50 % less than the isotropic case . We find that the tack energy is larger in the parallel alignment than the isotropic case by over a factor of two . +0 This approach may also give a new perspective towards simultaneously solving the cosmological constant problem . This approach towards solving the gauge hierarchy problem is therefore complementary to recent proposals involving both large and small extra spacetime dimensions . +0 Proximal-gradient algorithm has a linear rate of convergence given that the objective function is strongly convex and the gradient of the smooth component of the objective function is Lipschitz continuous . Homotopy algorithm reduces the regularization parameter in a series of steps , and uses proximal-gradient algorithm to solve the problem at each step . +0 We present a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of magnetic and semiconducting Ce $ _ { 2 } $ O $ _ { 2 } $ FeSe $ _ { 2 } $ composed of chains of edge-linked iron selenide tetrahedra . The discovery of superconductivity in the 122 iron selenide materials above 30 K necessitates an understanding of the underlying magnetic interactions . +1 The unintegrated parton densities in a proton and in a photon are determined using the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin ( KMR ) prescription . Additionally , we use the CCFM-evolved unintegrated gluon as well as valence and sea quark distributions in a proton . +0 The diversity of formats , genres , and producers makes it difficult to formulate a universal definition of science web videos since not every producer considers him- or herself to be a science communicator in an institutional sense , and professionalism and success on video platforms no longer depend exclusively on technical excellence or production costs . The creation of popular science web videos on the Internet has increased in recent years . +1 Global Climate Models [ GCMs ] and Mesoscale Models [ MMs ] lack the resolution to predict PBL mixing which is therefore parameterized . Here we propose to adapt the `` thermal plume '' model , recently developed for Earth climate modeling , to Martian GCMs , MMs , and single-column models . +0 This effect is known as the chiral magnetic effect and is a hallmark of the underlying chiral anomaly of the Weyl fermions . When the right and the left handed Weyl points are separated in energy , they give rise to a non-dissipative charge current along the direction of a uniform applied magnetic field , even in the absence of an external electric field . +1 These cells exhibit strain softening behavior under compression , which can be tuned by modifying their geometrical configurations or initial folded conditions . We assemble these TMP cells into a cluster of origami-based metamaterials , and we theoretically model and numerically analyze their wave transmission mechanism under external impact . +1 We study the quantization of many-body systems in three dimensions in rotating coordinate frames using a gauge invariant formulation of the dynamics . We consider reference frames defined by linear gauge conditions , and discuss their Gribov ambiguities and commutator algebra . +1 The proposed algorithm has data-selective updates , a variable forgetting factor and performs one iteration per update to reduce the computational complexity . The updated parameters construct a space of feasible solutions that enforce the constraints . +1 Experimental data are reproduced with a set of `` competing '' exchange energies closed to J1 = -12K , J2= -4K and Jd=15.6K , where Jd is the third neighbor exchange energy across the hexagon . Strong constrains between these exchange energies are established . +0 The Riks method available in Abaqus/Standard , coupled with the Concrete Damaged Plasticity ( CDP ) model is used to simulate the degradation of concrete surrounding both DTR the traditional cylindrical dowels . LE analyses are complemented by nonlinear FE analysis . +0 In addition we show that the infrared leads the X-rays by 0.75+/-0.25 days . However the expected mm variations are too small to be detected above the noise , probably explaining the lack of success of previous searches for a correlation between X-ray and mm variations . +1 These codes mainly use the super matrices . These codes can be realized as a special type of concatenated codes . +0 Structural transformation from pseudo-cubic to tetragonal phase is observed via phase coexistence region demarcating the morphotropic phase boundary region . We have determined precisely the stability region of various crystallographic phases at room temperature for ( 1-x ) Bi ( Ni1/2Ti1/2 ) O3-xPbTiO3 . +0 Based on the proposed resilient heterogeneous small cell network architecture , self-configuring ( power , physical cell ID and neighbor cell list self-configuration ) and self-optimizing ( coverage and capacity optimization and mobility robustness optimization ) techniques are investigated in the DRHSCN . In this article , we first describe the network architecture of disaster resilient heterogeneous small cell networks ( DRHSCNs ) , where several self-organization inspired approaches are applied . +1 The cluster Abell 2199 is one of the prototypical `` cooling flow '' clusters . Its central cD galaxy is host to a steep-spectrum radio source , of the type associated with cooling cores . +0 We discuss here some of the implications of these results for our understanding of the initial state of the collision ( Color Glass Condensate ) and for the evolution in the final state ( Glasma and thermalized Quark Gluon Plasma ) . These coefficients are large , and have both even and odd moments . +1 For large $ \omega $ , the spectral density oscillates around the zero-temperature result with an exponentially decreasing amplitude . Contrast this with QCD where the spectral density of the current-current correlator approaches the zero temperature result like $ ( T/\omega ) ^4 $ . +0 For example , concrete counterexample generation in model checking , invariant inference in abstract interpretation and completeness via annotation for deductive verification . Most software verification tools can be classified into one of a number of established families , each of which has their own focus and strengths . +1 We develop a heavy traffic diffusion limit theorem under nonstandard spatial scaling for the queue length process in a single server queue employing shortest remaining processing time ( SRPT ) . For processing time distributions with unbounded support , it has been shown that standard diffusion scaling yields an identically zero limit . +0 From this , one can recover a representation of the fundamental group of the manifold into the isometries of 3-dimensional hyperbolic space . Given an ideal triangulation of a connected 3-manifold with non-empty boundary consisting of a disjoint union of tori , a point of the deformation variety is an assignment of complex numbers to the dihedral angles of the tetrahedra subject to Thurston 's gluing equations . +0 We show that , in any extension of MSSM which accommodates the 125 GeV Higgs at the tree level , one can derive an upper bound on the SUSY Higgs masses from naturalness considerations . We explore naturalness constraints on the masses of the heavy Higgs bosons H^0 , H^+/- , and A^0 in supersymmetric theories . +0 This diagnostic from EUV imaging data has also been supported by the matching morphology of the emission in the hot Ca XVII line , as observed with Hinode/EIS . In previous studies a very hot plasma component has been diagnosed in solar active regions through the images in three different narrow-band channels of SDO/AIA . +0 A careful electronic structure analysis suggests that coupling between Dy and Fe spin sublattices is mediated by Dy- $ d $ and O- $ 2p $ hybridization . Lett , \textbf { 101 } , 097205 ( 2008 ) ] . +0 The final result is independent of the initial choices of renormalization scheme and scale , in accordance with the principles of the renormalization group , and thus eliminates an unnecessary source of systematic error in physical predictions . The resummation follows from the principal of maximum conformality ( PMC ) and assigns a unique scale for the running coupling at each perturbative order . +0 To this end we identify an appropriate quantity , which we term $ D $ , that represents the correlation correction of the condensate order parameter , as it does the self-energy for the Green 's function . In this paper we show how to overcome this shortcoming . +1 We have compiled a new sample of galaxies with published catalogs of HII region coordinates . This sample , together with the former catalog of Garcia-Gomez and Athanassoula ( 1991 ) will form the basis for subsequent studies of the spiral structure in disc galaxies . +0 Most of them are only concerned with formal questions rather than questions regarding the PDE point of view . There are many different formulations of relativistic elasticity . +1 % For illustration , we use the intelligent-driver model ( IDM ) as underlying model , characterize the level of service solely by the velocity and couple the internal variable to the IDM parameter `` netto time gap '' , modelling an increase of the time gap in congested traffic ( `` frustration effect '' ) , that is supported by single-vehicle data . % We simulate open systems with a bottleneck and obtain flow-density data by implementing `` virtual detectors '' . +0 In this paper we present two results on this direction . Intuitively , a reduction in the quantumness requires an increase in the amount of classical computation , hence giving a `` quantum and classical tradeoff '' . +0 In this paper , we investigate the feasibility of using existing automated software synthesis tools to support such synthesis . One enticing alternative to these approaches is to automatically synthesize domain independent planners given the knowledge about the domain and the theory of planning . +1 Carbon sequestration is the process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) with the aim to avoid dangerous climate change . In this paper , we propose a simple mathematical model ( a coupled system of nonlinear ODEs ) to capture some of the dynamical effects produced by adding charcoal to fertile soils . +1 Network data appear in a number of applications , such as online social networks and biological networks , and there is growing interest in both developing models for networks as well as studying the properties of such data . Since individual network datasets continue to grow in size , it is necessary to develop models that accurately represent the real-life scaling properties of networks . +1 The European Space Agency 's Planck satellite was launched on 14 May 2009 , and has been surveying the sky stably and continuously since 13 August 2009 . Its performance is well in line with expectations , and it will continue to gather scientific data until the end of its cryogenic lifetime . +0 The definitions give rise to a number of questions about computable paths inside Cayley graphs of finitely generated groups , and several of these questions are answered . Rather , it gives an alternative definition of the recursively enumerable Turing degrees that does not rely on oracles . +1 The correspondence extends to important structural properties ( families , colors , flavor pairs , electromagnetic charge ) . We find a lattice version of chiral symmetry similar to the Ginsparg-Wilson approach . +0 We also introduce new techniques for deriving superpotentials , based on quivers with ghosts and a notion of generalised Seiberg duality . We discuss non-commutative generalisations of well-known singularities such as the Del Pezzo singularities and the conifold . +1 The new features studied , often required in practical applications , can be summarized in three main points . First , we consider a highly expressive terminological language , called ALCNR , including general complements of concepts , number restrictions and role conjunction . +0 Although powerful computer methods exist for the solution of this problem for a given ( fixed ) dimension of the matrices g { ij } and especially for numerical elements of g { ij } , the structure of the obtained linear algebraic system in the general N-dimensional case and for arbitrary elements of g { ij } ( functions ) has not been known . In this paper a new block-structure method is presented for the solution of the well-known from gravity theory matrix system of equations g { ij } g { jk } =delta { i } { k } ( with respect to the unknown covariant components g { ij } and by known contravariant ones g { jk } ) by transforming this matrix system into a linear algebraic system of equations in the general N-dimensional case . +1 The problem of SIC-POVM existence is formulated in terms of symbols of operators associated with a star-product quantization scheme . We show that SIC-POVMs ( if they do exist ) must obey general rules of the star product , and , starting from this fact , we derive new relations on SIC-projectors . +1 We give a detailed derivation of the way to make this supersymmetric string in the laboratory . In particular , we discuss the presence of a fermionic bound state in the vortex core and the tuning of the laser beams needed to achieve supersymmetry . +0 The wire cross-section S can be measured along with the Fermi surface cross-section , S_F . The amplitude of oscillations is strongly enhanced in some `` magic '' magnetic fields . +0 In fact , our studies mimic the current investigations concerning the integrability properties of this gauge theory . This model arises as a consistent truncation of maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a three-sphere to the lowest modes of the scalar fields . +1 We apply a technique of the partial wave decompositions and carry out some angular integrations in closed form . Different representations appropriate for numerical calculations are derived for the matrix elements of interest . +0 We compute ensemble structure functions to analyse variability of multi-epoch data . We correct for the host galaxy contribution by a spectral fit of the optical/UV data . +0 We show that this relation induces a finite number of classes , that we identify . Probabilistic interconvertability is used to define an equivalence relation between gates . +1 It is therefore not surprising that data sharing is advocated by funding agencies , journals , and researchers alike . We surveyed 2661 individual academic researchers across all disciplines on their dealings with data , their publication practices , and motives for sharing or withholding research data . +1 We solve a version of the optimal trade execution problem when the mid asset price follows a displaced diffusion . Optimal strategies in the adapted class under various risk criteria , namely value-at-risk , expected shortfall and a new criterion called `` squared asset expectation '' ( SAE ) , related to a version of the cost variance measure , are derived and compared . +1 Since superfluids and superconductors in neutron stars profoundly affect neutrino emissivities and specific heats , their presence can be observed in the thermal evolution of neutron stars . An ever-growing number of cooling neutron stars , now amounting to 13 thermal sources , and several additional objects from which upper limits to temperatures can be ascertained , can now be used to discriminate among theoretical scenarios and even to dramatically restrict properties of nucleon pairing at high densities . +0 We negatively answer this open question by introducing two non-isomorphic , solvable and hence amenable groups which are configuration equivalent . From the beginning of the theory , the question whether the concept of configuration equivalence coincides with the concept of group isomorphism was posed . +0 In this work we show that shear-free cosmologies correspond to an attractor solution in the space of models with anisotropic spatial curva- ture . This leads to the so-called shear-free metrics , which have the interesting property of violating the cosmological principle while still preserving the isotropy of the cosmic mi- crowave background ( CMB ) radiation . +1 We present an analysis of the highly variable accreting X-ray pulsar 3A 1954+319 using 2005-2009 monitoring data obtained with INTEGRAL and Swift . This considerably extends the pulse period history and covers flaring episodes in 2005 and 2008 . +1 Much of the interstellar medium in disk galaxies is in the form of neutral atomic hydrogen , H I . This gas can be in thermal equilibrium at relatively low temperatures , T & lt ; 300 K ( the cold neutral medium , or CNM ) or at temperatures somewhat less than 10^4 K ( the warm neutral medium , or WNM ) . +1 Analyzing two standard preparators , the Stern-Gerlach and the hole-in-the-screen ones , it is demonstrated that four entities are the basic ingredients of the theory : the composite-system preparator-plus-object state ( coming about as a result of a suitable interaction between the subsystems ) , a suitable preparator observable , one of its characteristic projectors called the triggering event , and , finally , the conditional object state corresponding to the occurrence of the triggering event . The concepts of a conditional state and of retrospective apparent ideal occurrence are discussed in the conventional interpretation of quantum mechanics . +1 We show how it is used in an abstract algebraic approach to the definition of integrals over paths which involves a cochain complex of finite increments . In the context of such abstract integration theories we outline a connection with the combinatorics of rooted trees . +1 bag model , the bag approximation and the soliton bag model to study the hadronic properties . We prove , in this paper , the existence of excited state solutions in the symmetric case and of a ground state solution in the non-symmetric case for the soliton bag and the bag approximation models thanks to the concentration compactness method . +0 Representation of the wave function in a basis of Slater determinants for fixed electron number suffices . However , because the number of electrons is a good quantum number for the electronic structure problem it is unnecessary to store the full Fock space of the orbitals . +1 A very related , but discrete problem ( studied separately in the past ) is the online Multimedia Content Delivery ( MCD ) problem on line networks , presented originally by Papadimitriu , Ramanathan , and Rangan . An efficient content delivery was modeled as a low cost Steiner arborescence in a grid of network*time they defined . +0 For lower detuning ( $ & lt ; $ 30 GHz ) a larger fraction was guided but radiation pressure starts to push the atoms upward , effectively lowering the acceleration due to gravity . Although the guide is red-detuned , the optical scattering rate at this detuning ( $ \approx $ 70 GHz ) is acceptably low . +0 An application of this formalism to the Rindler metric recovers the well-known Unruh effect . Within the provided approach radial ingoing or outgoing Minkowski particles do not exist . +1 In fact , these two profiles provide two different insights of the shower : the electromagnetic component gives a measurement of the energy and the strength of the neutral pion channel ; while the muonic profile , being intimately related with the charged mesons decays , can be used as a direct probe for the high energy hadronic interactions . In this work we explore the interplay between the electromagnetic and muonic profiles , by analysing their phenomenologic behaviour for different primary masses and energies , zenith angles , and also different high energy hadronic interaction models . +0 As a technical tool we apply the nonlocal light-cone expansion . The Compton amplitude is calculated in terms of expectation values of light-ray quark operators . +0 For non-discrete groups we investigate the subalgebra of regular convolution dominated operators $ CD_ { reg } ( G ) $ . In the case of discrete groups those operators can be dealt with quite sufficiently if the group in question is rigidly symmetric . +0 We present light curves of broad emission lines and the AGN continuum , and measurements of the broad H-beta line widths in mean and root-mean square ( rms ) spectra . The reduced spectra were fitted with a multicomponent model in order to isolate the contributions of various continuum and emission-line components . +1 Two of these turned out to be hot emission-line stars , of which one is a definite B [ e ] star . The mass-loss rates were measured through modelling of the spectral energy distributions . +0 In particular , the effective action in such theories perturbatively is not renormalized beyond one loop in the planar limit . In certain cases with N=0,1 supersymmetry correlation functions in the planar limit are the same as in the parent N=2 supersymmetric theories . +0 ( 1994 , 1996 ) , and the locally normalized discrete correlation function of Leh\'ar et al . ( 1992 ) . We estimate the time delay from the light curves using three different techniques : the chi-squared analysis of Press , Rybicki , & amp ; Hewitt ( 1992a , b ) , the dispersion analysis of Pelt et al . +1 The results are obtained using a method , based on Monte Carlo techniques , that has been described in the preceding paper of this series ( Paper I ) . We present a low rate , median rate and high rate which correspond to the 0.16 , 0.50 and 0.84 quantiles , respectively , of the cumulative reaction rate distribution . +1 The nature of monetary arrangements is often discussed without any reference to its detailed construction . We present a graph representation which allows for a clear understanding of modern monetary systems . +1 Our experiments in two-dimensional hole gas microdevices confirm this remarkable spin Hall effect phenomenology . Achieving comparable levels of spin polarization by external magnetic fields would require laboratory equipment whose physical dimensions and operating electrical currents are million times larger than those of our spin Hall effect devices . +1 Based on observational constraints on large scale structure and halo structure , dark matter is generally taken to be cold and essentially collisionless . On the other hand , given the large number of particles and forces in the visible world , a more complex dark sector could be a reasonable or even likely possibility . +0 We determine g_1 in terms of polarized quark and gluon distributions using coefficient functions to order alpha_s . We discuss perturbative evolution of the polarized structure function g_1 in the ( x , Q^2 ) plane , with special regard to the small-x region . +1 If such a basis ( e.g.wavelets ) is used to represent the signals , then the variation in many coordinates is likely to be small . Consequently , we study a simple `` sparse PCA '' algorithm : select a subset of coordinates of largest variance , estimate eigenvectors from PCA on the selected subset , threshold and reexpress in the original basis . +0 For the method of transposition ( sometimes called very weak formulation ) three spaces for the test functions are considered , and a regularity result is proved . Several approaches are discussed how to understand the solution of the Dirichlet problem for the Poisson equation when the Dirichlet data are non-smooth such as if they are in $ L^2 $ only . +0 To obtain a reliable metallicity distribution in the Galactic bulge based on microlensed dwarf stars it will be necessary to resolve this issue through the course of additional observations . We suggest several possible explanations , but are forced to reject them all , and are left puzzled . +1 aHUGIN is an extension of the HUGIN shell , and is based on the methods reported by Spiegelhalter and Lauritzen ( 1990a ) . The adaptive systems resulting from aHUGIN are able to adjust the C011ditional probabilities in the model . +1 To study such terminal behavior of stochastic processes , a natural and direct way is to align the processes using failure events as time origins . This paper studies backward stochastic processes counting time backward from failure events , and proposes one-sample nonparametric estimation of the mean of backward processes when follow-up is subject to left truncation and right censoring . +0 These inhomogeneities , responsible for the conspicuous photometric and spectroscopic variation of Ap stars , are believed to be produced by atomic diffusion operating in the stellar atmospheres stabilized by multi-kG magnetic fields . The upper main sequence magnetic chemically peculiar ( Ap ) stars exhibit a non-uniform distribution of chemical elements across their surfaces and with height in their atmospheres . +0 These reveal a complex , dynamic medium of cold , molecular gas . The angular distribution of 12CO and 13CO emission over 1 km/s velocity intervals and the full velocity extent of the cloud are presented . +0 This striking characteristic temperature dependence of intrinsic Dirac plasmons along with the logarithmic renormalization is a unique manifestation of the three-dimensional relativistic Dirac nature of quasiparticle excitations and serves as an experimentally observable signature of three-dimensional Dirac materials . The plasmon dispersion of the extrinsic ( doped ) system displays a minimum at finite temperature before it crosses over to the superlinear intrinsic behavior at higher temperature , implying that the high-temperature plasmon is a universal feature of Dirac liquids irrespective of doping . +1 In this paper , we mainly focus on the efficient signal-time coding design . We first derive an explicit iterative algorithm to estimate the maximum number of available codes given the code length of signal-time coding , and then present an iterative construction method of codebooks . +0 In the scaling limit of large quadrangulations , this discrete three-point function converges to a simple universal scaling function , which is the continuous three-point function of pure 2D quantum gravity . We compute the generating function of random planar quadrangulations with three marked vertices at prescribed pairwise distances . +1 Of more direct physical interest is the commutator of finite mass fields , obtained by smearing the string fields with appropriate wave functions . This is shown to vanish at spacelike separations , reproducing the usual point particle field theory result . +1 Thus , the merger rate depends critically upon whether or not the BH is retained by the cluster after the merger . Results from numerical relativity suggest that kick imparted to a ~7 M_sun BH after it merges with a NS will greatly exceed the cluster 's escape velocity . +0 We find that the process of self-organisation develops from the boundaries of the system and it is controlled by a dynamical critical exponent z~1.3 that appears to be universal over a range of dissipation levels of the local dynamics . Starting from initially random configurations , we monitor the average earthquake size in different portions of the system as a function of time ( the time is defined as the input energy per site in the system ) . +1 It is demonstrated that the delocalized charge carriers favor the formation of nanoscale inhomogeneities with the orbital structure different from that in the undoped material . The directional character of orbitals leads to inhomogeneities of different shapes and sizes . +1 Unified description for the mixing and electromagnetic transitions allows one to evaluate the mean intensity without the use of free parameters . The valence-mechanism contribution to the mentioned intensity is also evaluated . +0 A shape of the bottom of the pit is not important , because the magnetic field attenuates at the bottom . In order to build a model of pit , parameters that characterize a geometry of edges of pit , such as a curvature radius and a slope angle of edge , should be included , because the magnetic field is enhanced at an edge of a pit . +0 Inference is performed via Markov chain Monte Carlo - a Gibbs sampler with Metropolis-Hastings steps for a class of parameters . This allows a simultaneous analysis based on the posterior probability of each model . +0 At turbulent velocities below ~35 km/s , corresponding to temperatures below 300,000 K , the medium is stable , as the time for gas to cool is roughly constant as a function of temperature . Here we carry out a set of numerical simulations of a stratified , turbulently stirred , radiatively cooled medium , which uncover a fundamental transition at a critical one-dimensional turbulent velocity of ~ 35 km/s . +1 We consider an open quantum system which contains unstable states . The time evolution of the system can be described by an effective non-hermitian Hamiltonian H_ { eff } , in accord with the Wigner -- Weisskopf approximation , and an additional term of the Lindblad form , the socalled dissipator . +0 We also obtain $ F/D=.72 $ for the quark-current-baryon coupling $ SU ( 3 ) _ { f } $ ratio . The inclusion of nonvalence degrees of freedom in the analysis of baryon magnetic moments explains extremely strong violation of the standard SU ( 6 ) symmetry-based quark-model prediction for the magnetic moment ratio $ R_ { \Sigma /\Lambda } = ( \Sigma^ { + } + 2\Sigma^ { - } ) / ( -\Lambda ) \simeq .23 $ , while the value $ R_ { \Sigma /\Lambda } ( SU ( 6 ) ) = 1 $ corresponds to the nonrelativistic quark model . +0 Our technique , when applied to only 10 observed spectra characterized by a signal-to noise ratio S/N & gt ; = 100 provides an exquisite ( relative error epsilon_Delta & lt ; ~ 12 % in & gt ; ~ 50 % of the pixels ) reconstruction of the density field in & gt ; ~ 90 % of the line of sight . We test our inversion method at z=3 through the following steps : [ i ] simulation of a sample of synthetic spectra for which P_Delta is known ; [ ii ] computation of P_F ; [ iii ] inversion of the Ly-alpha forest through the F-Delta relation . +1 We show that many universal and ultrahomogeneous structures allow a concise description ( called here a finite presentation ) . Extending classical work of Rado ( for the random graph ) , we find a finite presentation for each of the following classes : homogeneous undirected graphs , homogeneous tournaments and homogeneous partially ordered sets . +1 We learned the extent of this often-cited observation in the construction of the probabilistic part of a complex influence diagram in the field of cancer treatment . Based upon our negative experiences with existing methods , we designed a new method for probability elicitation from domain experts . +1 The common definition of these order parameters is the mean value of percolation cluster size . Percolation cluster includes spins with given energy . +0 Factorization is observed to be broken as a function of both particle pt and eta . The data were taken with the CMS detector for PbPb collisions at sqrt ( s [ NN ] ) = 2.76 TeV and pPb collisions at sqrt ( s [ NN ] ) = 5.02 TeV , covering a very wide range of multiplicity . +0 In this paper various reliability parameters ( such as mean time between failures , expected number of failures , reliability , availability etc . ) The objective of this paper is to quantify the uncertainties that makes the decision more realistic , generic and extendable to application domain . +0 In addition , the wide , flat-bottomed line profile toward the ecliptic pole indicates a broad distribution of orbital inclinations extending up to about 30\dg - 40\dg with respect to the ecliptic plane . In particular , the broadened widths of the profiles , together with large amplitude variations in the centroid velocity with elongation angle , indicate that a significant population of dust is on eccentric orbits . +1 In this paper we study the unfolding transition observed in polymer stretching experiments . We use a known model and extend it with a mean-field-like interaction . +1 We propose a monotonic logic of internalised non-monotonic or instant interactive proofs ( LiiP ) and reconstruct an existing monotonic logic of internalised monotonic or persistent interactive proofs ( LiP ) as a minimal conservative extension of LiiP . Instant interactive proofs effect a fragile epistemic impact in their intended communities of peer reviewers that consists in the impermanent induction of the knowledge of their proof goal by means of the knowledge of the proof with the interpreting reviewer : If my peer reviewer knew my proof then she would at least then ( in that instant ) know that its proof goal is true . +1 In this work , we propose to assess classifiers in terms of normalized mutual information ( NI ) , which is novel and well defined in a compact range for classifier evaluation . We derive close-form relations of normalized mutual information with respect to accuracy , precision , and recall in binary classifications . +0 Difference in chemical potentials due to concentration gradients and use of semi-permeable membranes ensure the continuing cyclic process . Utilizing the kinetic energy spectrum of the molecules in solution , the demon can send `` hotter '' molecules to a higher gravitational potential at the expense of their own energies . +1 Contents : 1 . Editor 's note ; 2 . +0 Our results are in very good agreement with the experimental data in the full q^2 range for both D - & gt ; \pi \ell \nu_\ell and D - & gt ; K \ell \nu_\ell . The chiral/continuum extrapolation is performed through a simultaneous fit in the three variables ( m_\pi , q^2 , a ) using HMChPT formulae with additional O ( a^2 ) terms that parametrically account for the lattice spacing dependence . +0 If the local standard of rest ( LSR ) has a zero velocity in the radial direction ( $ u_ { \rm LSR } $ ) , then the quantity that is measured is $ \Delta V \equiv \Omega_p R_0 - V_ { \rm LSR } $ , where $ \Omega_p $ is the pattern speed of the non-axisymmetric feature , $ R_0 $ is the distance of the Sun from the Galactic centre and $ V_ { \rm LSR } $ is the tangential motion of the LSR , including the circular velocity . This method , first discussed by Tremaine & amp ; Weinberg in the context of external galaxies , requires projected positions , $ ( l , b ) $ , and line-of-sight velocities for a spatially complete sample of relaxed tracers . +1 In this paper , we make explicit the key aspects of the dynamics that makes such a compensation possible . We highlight the role of Lie algebras and non-commutativity in the design of a compensating pulse sequence . +1 Depending on the chaotic or integrable nature of the underlying classical dynamics , on the thermodynamic function considered , and on temperature , we find that the probability distributions are dominated either ( i ) by the local fluctuations of the single-particle spectrum on the scale of the mean level spacing , or ( ii ) by the long-range modulations of that spectrum produced by the short periodic orbits . In case ( i ) the probability distributions are computed using the appropriate local universality class , uncorrelated levels for integrable systems and random matrix theory for chaotic ones . +1 We start with a brief reminder of the passage from the AdS5xS5 string theory to certain flavored confining holographic models . We then describe the string configurations in holographic backgrounds that correspond to a Wilson line , a meson , a baryon and a glueball . +1 In rare cases , the white dwarf is embedded in the wind nebula of a red-giant companion ; the explosion products plow through the nebula and produce X-ray emission . Early this year , an eruption of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi [ 2,3 ] provided the first opportunity to perform comprehensive X-ray observations of such an event and diagnose conditions within the ejecta . +1 This letter studies distributed opportunistic channel access in a wireless network with decode-and-forward relays . All the sources use channel contention to get transmission opportunity . +1 This paper considers the scenario of an intended multi-input single-output channel overheard by multiple multi-antenna eavesdroppers . Specifically , we address the transmit covariance optimization for secrecy-rate maximization ( SRM ) of that scenario . +1 The linear dispersion of graphene gives lifetime energy dependences that are qualitatively different from those of parabolic-band semiconductors . We also get good agreement with data from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments . +1 We introduce quantum information engines that extract work from quantum states and a single thermal reservoir . They may operate under three general conditions : i/ Unitarily Steered evolution ( US ) ; ii/ Irreversible Thermalization ( IT ) and iii/ Isothermal Relaxation ( IR ) , and hence are called USITIR machines . +0 During days 10-30 the broad component shrank to FWZI = 1800 km/s . The model corresponds to a very fast acceleration of the wind particles , and the line luminosity of about 2900 ( d/1.6 kpc ) ^2 solar luminosities to the mass-loss rate of around ( 1-2 ) x 10E-4 solar masses per year . +0 Being able to locate a breathing person who is not otherwise moving , without calibration , is important for applications in search and rescue , health care , and security . Further , for the same experiments , we show the location of the breathing person can be estimated , to within about 2 m average error in a 56 square meter apartment . +0 In this canonical and double-linear seesaw scenario , we can expect one sterile neutrino at the eV scale and the other two above the MeV scale to fit the cosmological and short baseline neutrino oscillation data . The mirror sterile neutrino masses will have a form of canonical seesaw while the ordinary active neutrino masses will have a form of double and linear seesaw . +1 We extend the concepts of the Autler-Townes doublet and triplet spectroscopy to quartuplet , quintuplet and suggest linkages in sodium atom in which to display these spectra . We explore the involved fundamental processes of quantum interference of the corresponding spectroscopy by examining the Laplace transform of the corresponding state-vector subjected to steady coherent illumination in the rotating wave approximation and Weisskopf-Wigner treatment of spontaneous emission as a simplest probability loss . +1 The crucial role is played in this by the Bohr 's insistence on the wavefunction providing the most complete description possible for an even individual system . The alternative of introducing extra dynamical variables , called hidden variables , in addition to the wavefunction of the system so as to be able to retain at least some of the desirable features of classical physics , is then explored . +1 We present deep optical photometry of the afterglow of gamma-ray burst ( GRB ) 041006 and its associated hypernova obtained over 65 days after detection ( 55 R-band epochs on 10 different nights ) . Our early data ( t & lt ; 4 days ) joined with published GCN data indicates a steepening decay , approaching F_nu ~t^ { -0.6 } at early times ( & lt ; & lt ; 1 day ) and F_nu ~t^ { -1.3 } at late times . +0 Negative $ v_1 ( y ) $ slope is observed for pions , antiprotons , protons and kaons . STAR 's measurements of directed flow ( $ v_1 $ ) for pions , kaons ( charged and $ K_s^0 $ ) , protons and antiprotons for Au + Au collisions at $ \sqrtsNN = 200 $ GeV are presented . +0 To determine $ { \cal P } _* $ , we consider inflationary models in which the role of the vacuum energy is played by a slowly-varying potential of some scalar field . In such models , the probability distribution for $ \rho_\L $ is a product of an { \it a priori } distribution $ { \cal P } _* ( \rho_\L ) $ and of the number density of galaxies at a given $ \rho_\L $ ( which is proportional to the number of observers who will detect that value of $ \rho_\L $ ) . +1 Our method relies on the master Lagrangian approach to deal with dual theories . The master Lagrangians turn out to be the NC versions of the so-called affine Toda model coupled to matter fields ( NCATM $ _ { 1,2 } $ ) , in which the Toda field $ g $ belongs to certain subgroups of $ GL ( 3 ) $ , and the matter fields lie in the higher grading directions of an affine Lie algebra . +1 Magnetic clouds ( MCs ) are `` magnetized plasma clouds '' moving in the solar wind . MCs transport magnetic flux and helicity away from the Sun . +1 In the present work we carry out related calculations in Minkowski space , so that we can study the effects of the significant vector and axial-vector interactions that appear in extended NJL models and which play an important role in the study of the $ \rho $ , $ \omega $ and $ a_1 $ mesons . We study the modification of the quark self-energy in the presence of matter and find that our model reproduces the behavior of the quark condensate predicted by the model-independent relation $ & lt ; \bar qq & gt ; _ { \rho } = & lt ; \bar qq & gt ; _0 ( 1-\sigma_N\rho_N/f_ { \pi } ^2m_ { \pi } ^2 + ... ) $ , where $ \sigma_N $ is the pion-nucleon sigma term and $ \rho_N $ is the density of nuclear matter . +0 Then , the response of the firms to a given exogenous shock , defined as a sudden change of gross domestic product , is discussed . The simulation quantitatively reproduced the cumulative probability distribution of revenue , material cost , capital , and labor . +1 The quenched spectrum shows a Mott-transition from a ( delocalized ) Goldstone phase softly broken by the current mass , to a ( localized ) heavy quark phase , with quarks localized over their Compton wavelength . Both phases are distinguishable by the quark density of states at zero virtuality , with a critical quark mass of the order of 100-200 MeV . +1 Two dust layers are formed in the dynamical models : almost pure glassy Al2O3 close to the star ( r & gt ; 1.5 R* ) and the more opaque Fe-poor Mg-Fe-silicates further out . Solid Fe or Fe-rich silicates are found to be the only condensates that can efficiently absorb the stellar light in the near IR . +0 We present the ratio of central-region-to-disk-temperatures of the cool dust component of 13 nearby galaxies as a function of morphological type . We fit single-temperature modified blackbodies to far-infrared and submillimeter measurements of the central and disk regions of galaxies to determine the temperature of the component ( s ) emitting at those wavelengths . +0 This allows one to make less measurements than what was considered necessary to record a signal , enabling faster or more precise measurement protocols in a wide range of applications . Compressed sensing is a signal processing method that acquires data directly in a compressed form . +0 The cluster core region ( r & lt ; 200 kpc ) shows a clearly enhanced passive fraction with respect to field levels . The cluster stands out as a clear overdensity both in redshift space , and in the spatial distribution of galaxies close to the center of the extended X-ray emission . +0 introduced a stochastic cellular automaton model to simulate underlying nonequilibrium processes which are necessary to formulate unique granular Ag film in this deposition process . on an electrode of a novel photovoltaic device as Ag deposition under light illumination , in which the wavelength of incident light is longer than the long-wavelength cutoff of the materials composing the device.Naruse et al . +1 In this paper we consider the steepest descent $ H^ { -1 } $ -gradient flow of the length functional for immersed plane curves , known as the curve diffusion flow . It is known that under this flow there exist both initially immersed curves which develop at least one singularity in finite time and initially embedded curves which self-intersect in finite time . +0 In this work we define as EROs objects with colors consistent with passively evolving elliptical galaxies at z $ \geq $ 1 . The publicly available EIS-DEEP optical-NIR data for the AXAF ( Chandra ) Deep Field have been used to construct samples of Extremely Red Objects ( EROs ) using various single-band and multi-band color criteria . +1 Diffuse nucleosynthesis is studied through 26Al , 60Fe , and positron annihilation gamma-ray measurements . The gamma-ray line from decay of radioactive 26Al could be measured at unpredecented spectroscopic precision . +0 We use a known model and extend it with a mean-field-like interaction . In this paper we study the unfolding transition observed in polymer stretching experiments . +0 As an application we prove that , to first order in $ \alpha ' $ and to all orders in fields , the deformed gauge transformations are Green-Schwarz-deformed diffeomorphisms . This is achieved by integrating out auxiliary field components of the double metric in an iterative procedure that induces an infinite number of higher-derivative corrections . +1 This presentation includes regimes not identified in earlier work [ I. Bena and C. Van den Broeck , Europhys.Lett . { \bf 48 } , 498 ( 1999 ) ] . +0 We find a ferromagnetic phase with staggered orbital order around quarter-filling , i.e. , electron number n=1 per site , and an antiferromagnetic phase without orbital order around half-filling n=2 . As a variational wave function , we consider a Gutzwiller projected wave function for a staggered spin and/or orbital ordered state . +1 We give a formula expressing it by a single term of multiple integrals . In particular , we explicitly derive the emptiness formation probability ( EFP ) . +0 In particular , we prove an analog of Kiehl 's patching theorem for coherent ideals , and we define the uniformly rigid generic fiber of a formal scheme of formally finite type . We relate uniformly rigid spaces to their associated classical rigid spaces , and we transfer various constructions and results from rigid geometry to the uniformly rigid setting . +0 The channel coupling effect of K* K*bar and omega phi is found to be considerably large , which makes the binding of K* K*bar 5-45 MeV deeper . The results show that the interactions of K* K*bar states are attractive , which consequently result in K* K*bar bound states with the binding energies of about 10-70 MeV , and contrarily , no omega phi bound state is obtained . +0 One of characteristic parameters of theory is the amplitude of spiral density wave potential corresponding to separatrix , which separates super sonic flows from flows containing the jump from super sonic flows to subsonic . In this paper we wish to carry out the analytical expression which allows us to describe the super sonic nonlinear interstellar gas flow in rapidly rotating galaxy disk which is made by the spiral density wave . +1 The comments of Guseinov on our recent paper ( Czech.J . Phys. , 52 ( 2002 ) 1297 ) have been analyzed critically . +1 Several junctions are made on a single-domain crystal of CVD graphene and feature the same contact width of ~9 $ \mu $ m but vary in length from 400 to 1000 nm . As the carrier density is tuned with the gate voltage , the critical current in the these junctions spans a range from a few nA up to more than $ 5\mu $ A , while the Thouless energy , ETh , covers almost two orders of magnitude . +1 In this paper , we introduce an alternative classification loss function , the Z-loss , which is designed to address these two issues . Unlike the log-softmax , it has the desirable property of belonging to the spherical loss family ( Vincent et al. , 2015 ) , a class of loss functions for which training can be performed very efficiently with a complexity independent of the number of output classes . +1 Here we report on the first detection of the Fe XVII absorption line at 15.02 A from the hot ISM in the spectrum of the low mass X-ray binary 4U~1820-303 observed with Chandra X-Ray Observatory . By jointly analyzing this absorption line with those from OVII , OVIII , and NeIX ions in the same spectrum , we obtain an abundance ratio as Fe/Ne=0.8 ( 0.4 , 2.1 ) in units of the Anders & amp ; Grevesse solar value ( 90 % confidence intervals ) . +1 In particular , we conjecture that the measured value of the mixing angles for a given process depends on the number of unobservable flavor states at the energy of the process . We provide a covariant implementation of such conjecture , draw its consequences in a two neutrino family approximation and compare these findings with current experimental data . +0 Our analysis is adapted to the flat slice Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates . This 1+1 dimensional field theory may be viewed as the `` standard model '' for studying black hole physics . +0 The orders of decay of the amplitude are determined for operators to be bounded on $ L^p ( \Rn ) $ , $ 1 & lt ; p & lt ; \infty $ , as well as to be bounded from Hardy space $ H^1 ( \Rn ) $ to $ L^1 ( \Rn ) $ . In this paper we establish global Lp regularity properties of Fourier integral operators . +0 The model is extended to account for the strong Hund-rule onsite coupling and the weaker intersite antiferromagnetic exchange . Possible structure of this phase-separated state ( metallic droplets in a charge-ordered matrix ) is discussed . +1 We demonstrate that the so claimed `` rigorous data selection criteria '' used by Schuermann et al . relies on the s-factors extracted by Assuncao et al . +0 Let us recall two results . Let $ \phi $ the morphism $ X\to G_m^n $ induced by the $ f_i $ 's , and let $ t $ be the map $ X\to ( R^*_+ ) ^n $ induced by the norms of the $ f_i $ 's . +0 We consider open and spatially-flat-Lambda cold dark matter cosmogonies , with nonrelativistic-mass density parameter Omega_0 in the range 0.1 -- 1 , baryonic-mass density parameter Omega_B in the range ( 0.005 -- 0.029 ) h^ { -2 } , and age of the universe t_0 in the range ( 10 -- 20 ) Gyr . We account for the OVRO beamwidth and calibration uncertainties , as well as the uncertainty induced by the removal of non-CMB foreground contamination . +1 One more power series related to the Riemann Xi function and the Riemann hypothesis is considered . Some roots of the polynomial connected with the power series are studied . +1 Holography is an optical technique enabling to record phase objects . Holographic interferometry uses this faculty to make a phase object interfere with a memory of itself at a preceding time , recorded on a hologram . +1 The expressions are based on the concept of the ( complex ) magnetic transition dipole moment vector . Using the new theory , we determine the parities of ground and excited spin states of high-spin ( S = 5/2 ) Fe ( III ) in hemin from the polarization dependence of experimental ground state EPR line intensities . +0 The principle is layering the specification , for the sake of clarity , in ( at least ) two different levels , the first one for the normal behavior and the others ( if more than one ) for the abnormal . We also propose the idea of Layered Fault Tolerant Specification ( LFTS ) to make the method extensible to dependable systems . +0 Furthermore , we have determined abundances of light metals , which had been poorly known before . Therefore , we have concentrated on ionization balances of metals , which have a rich line spectrum in the UV , to establish a new temperature scale for our sample . +0 The in-beam tests using secondary particles produced in heavy ion collisions on a Pb target at SIS18 - GSI Darmstadt and SPS - CERN were focused on the performance of the prototype in conditions similar to the ones expected at SIS100/FAIR . The strip width/pitch size was chosen such to fulfill the impedance matching with the front-end electronics and the granularity requirements of the innermost zone of the CBM-TOF wall . +1 In this paper we extend the geometric binary search tree ( BST ) model of Demaine , Harmon , Iacono , Kane , and Patrascu ( DHIKP ) to accommodate for insertions and deletions . Within this extended model , we study the online Greedy BST algorithm introduced by DHIKP . +0 To motivate the search for trillium spin ice , we calculate the magnetic susceptibility and structure factor . Our Monte Carlo simulations find a ground state entropy intermediate to that of spin ice on the kagome and pyrochlore lattices , suggesting that trillium spin ice is highly frustrated . +0 We compare three limiting cases depending on the tunnel coupling strength and the characteristic Coulomb interaction energy . Here we investigate the competition between the Coulomb blockade effect , Andreev reflection , and quantum interference , in InAs and InP nanowires connected to aluminum-based superconducting electrodes . +0 I will address these topics in this same order . This work forms the foundation of our understanding of black hole demography , and provides constraints on scenarios for black hole formation and growth , and on their connection to the formation and properties of the host galaxy . +1 By adjusting the Monte Carlo attempt frequency , good agreement between simulated and experimental peak separations is achieved . It is also found that the uniqueness of such a determination is dependent on the relative values of the adsorption/desorption and diffusion free-energy barriers . +0 The Fe layer magnetic susceptibility far from Mn atoms is probed by the75As NMR line shift and is found similar to that of BaFe2As2 , implying that Mn does not induce charge doping . 75As nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) experiments were performed on Ba ( Fe1-xMnx ) 2As2 ( xMn = 2.5 % , 5 % and 12 % ) single crystals . +1 To make 3D non-LTE radiative transfer computationally feasible it is crucial to have a model atom with as few levels as possible while retaining the main physical processes . We here develop such a model atom and we study the general formation properties of the C II lines . +1 Unfortunately , many applications in nonlinear optics are severely hindered by the small response of conventional materials . Metallic nanostructures partially alleviate this situation , as the large light enhancement associated with their localized plasmons amplifies their nonlinear response to record high levels . +0 Most of the atomic hydrogen is located within the optical disc , but the HI extends to some 1.5R_opt . In the total atomic hydrogen map , the spiral arms are well distinguished from the interarm regions , while the sensitivity allows detection of HI in all but a few isolated regions of the areas between the spiral arms . +1 Some rigorous results are obtained to reveal the intrinsic relationship between the fidelity of QST and the mirror mode concurrence ( MMC ) , which is defined to measure the mode entanglement with a certain spatial symmetry and is just the overlap of a proper wave function with its mirror image . A complementarity is discovered as the maximum fidelity is accompanied by a minimum of MMC . +0 Cluster ages derived with the lithium depletion boundary technique are erroneously young by $ \sim 15 $ % and $ 10 $ % at $ 30 $ and $ 100 $ Myr respectively , if 50 % spotted stars are interpreted with un-spotted models . Consequently , pre-MS clusters and their active stars are systematically older and more massive than often reported . +0 The process is described by a set of time-dependent continuity equations for the electrons , positive and negative ions ; gas and vibrational temperature ; and equations which account for the convective heat and plasma losses by the transverse flux . A two dimensional numerical model of the plasma contraction was developed in a cylindrical frame . +1 Galactic magnetic arms have been observed between the gaseous arms of some spiral galaxies ; their origin remains unclear . We suggest that magnetic spiral arms can be naturally generated in the interarm regions because the galactic fountain flow or wind is likely to be weaker there than in the arms . +1 It is remarkable that the dynamical state can therefore be predicted from the mean spatial configuration of the active colloids , or from an analysis of the fluctuations near equilibrium . This has the surprising consequence that while 2 particles , or polygonal arrays of 4 or more colloids , synchronize with the nearest neighbors in anti-phase , a system of 3 equally spaced colloids synchronizes in-phase . +0 We generalize both of these frameworks . Recently , Sherstov \cite { She09b } and independently Shi-Zhu \cite { SZ09b } developed conditions on the inner function $ g $ which imply that the quantum communication complexity of $ f \comp g^n $ is at least the approximate polynomial degree of $ f $ . +0 The future prospects for this field are briefly discussed here . Observations of high redshift type Ia supernovae ( SNe ) will enable us to probe the structure of galaxy halos and the composition of dark matter . +1 Similarly , we let $ S_ { n } ( \tau ) $ be the set of $ \tau $ -avoiding permutations in the symmetric group $ S_ { n } $ . Duncan and Steingr\ ' { \i } msson have shown that the ascent statistic has the same distribution over $ \cA_n ( 021 ) $ as over $ S_n ( 132 ) $ . +1 The correlation times of the fluctuations and their energy barriers are derived . The motion is favored at large Rh content , while it is hindered by the application of a magnetic field perpendicular to the FeAs layers . +1 The energy- momentum tensor is modified to accommodate the viscous pressure and creation pressure which is associated with creation of matter out of gravitational field . Exact solutions of the field equations are obtained by applying a special law of variation of Hubble parameter . +0 The second part reviews the major full-scale propagation experiments which have been carried out , in atmospheric and outer-space plasmas , to assess the validity of theoretical models . The first part is a systematic overview of the theory pertaining to propagation , plasma self-generation , energy/current-losses , and stability of such pulses . +0 Simulations in \cite { J } and \cite { B } suggest that this limit distribution is uniform on $ ( f,1 ) $ , for some $ f\sim2/3 $ . One of the key problems related to the Bak-Sneppen evolution model on the circle is to compute the limit distribution of the fitness at a fixed observation vertex in the stationary regime , as the size of the system tends to infinity . +1 Experiments were performed on a YBCO specimen suitably treated in order to weaken the weak links without affecting the oxygen content of grains . The weakening of the intergrain region allowed the use of very small magnetic fields and currents to induce the resistive transition of the specimen and to observe current noise . +0 The model consists of a system of partial differential equations for ionic concentration and fluid flow with interface conditions at deforming membrane boundaries . We introduce a model for ionic electrodiffusion and osmotic water flow through cells and tissues . +1 In this paper , based on weakly dependent sample , we investigate the single-index prediction ( SIP ) model which is robust against deviation from the single-index model . The single-index is identified by the best approximation to the multivariate prediction function of the response variable , regardless of whether the prediction function is a genuine single-index function . +0 In this paper we propose a conjecture involving signed graphs which contains all of these results . Later , Zhang ( 1994 ) generalized this to graphs with no $ K_5 $ -minor . +1 We compute the bispectrum for the galaxy distribution in the IRAS QDOT , 2Jy , and 1.2Jy redshift catalogs for wavenumbers 0.05 & lt ; k & lt ; 0.2 h/Mpc and compare the results with predictions from gravitational instability in perturbation theory . Taking into account redshift space distortions , nonlinear evolution , the survey selection function , and discreteness and finite volume effects , all three catalogs show evidence for the dependence of the bispectrum on configuration shape predicted by gravitational instability . +0 : $ in four-dimensional space-time . The complex structure of solutions of the classical nonlinear ( real-valued ) wave equation and quantization are closely connected among themselves and allow to construct non-perturbatively the quantum field theory with interaction $ : \ ! \phi^4_4\ ! +0 We further show that the presence of many gauge KK states below the UV cutoff scale imposes strong bounds on the highest KK level ( N_KK ) . We demonstrate that this is a generic consequence of the `` geometric Higgs mechanism '' ( GHM ) , manifested via Kaluza-Klein equivalence theorem ( KK-ET ) . +1 The experimental results are compared with predictions of tilted axis cranking calculations . The transition from irregular dipole band in 144Gd to more regular ones in lighter Gd nuclei is observed . +1 The model is applied to study the laser induced desorption of O $ _2 $ from the Ag ( 110 ) surface , making use of a six-dimensional potential energy surface calculated within density functional theory . Our results reveal the importance of the phonon mediated process and show that , depending on the value of the electronic density in the surroundings of the molecule adsorption site , its inclusion can significantly enhance or reduce the desorption probabilities . +0 The colors of the main sequence require a relatively large extinction of A_V = 0.47 mag . A young ( & lt ; 0.5 Gyr ) main sequence stellar component is present and clustered in two centrally-located clumps , while older stars form a more extended disk or halo . +1 In the general case , the super-horizon Newtonian potential can potentially grow to very large values after inflation exit . If that happens , inflationary predictability is lost during the oscillating period . +1 ) , but this limit is dependent on priors . We find that the WMAP and 2dF data alone can not rule out the evidence from neutrinoless double beta decay reported by the Heidelberg-Moscow experiment . +0 The central charge of this module is restricted by the requirement of the closure of the nonlinear realization of the Poincare algebra . The longitudinal degrees of freedom are described by an abstract Verma module . +0 This is an independent confirmation of the result derived for the diffuse calibration of IRAC by the Spitzer Science Center ( SSC ) . From robust spectral energy distributions of these regions we conclude that the present 8.0-micron diffuse calibration of the SST is 36 % too high compared with the MSX validated calibration , perhaps due to scattered light inside the camera . +0 Accurate and precise masses of galaxy clusters are of major importance for cosmology , for example , in establishing well calibrated observational halo mass functions for comparison with cosmological predictions . Upcoming and ongoing large area weak lensing surveys will also discover large samples of galaxy clusters . +0 Using a kinetic theory description we investigate the two basic ingredients that a model of elastic hard spheres ( EHS ) must have in order to mimic the most relevant transport properties of the underlying IHS gas . The prototype model of a fluidized granular system is a gas of inelastic hard spheres ( IHS ) with a constant coefficient of normal restitution $ \alpha $ . +1 The bulk of the sources are at least marginally resolved , with mean radii ~60 pc , electron density n_e ~ 9 cm^ { -3 } , and filling factor \phi_ { HII } =0.005 ( over the Galactic gas disk ) . The total dust-corrected ionizing photon luminosity is Q=3.2x10^ { 53 } photons/s , in good agreement with previous estimates . +1 The constantly increasing demand for interactive broadband satellite communications is driving current research to explore novel system architectures that reuse frequency in a more aggressive manner . To this end , the topic of dual satellite systems , in which satellites share spatial ( i.e.same coverage area ) and spectral ( i.e.full frequency reuse ) degrees of freedom is introduced . +1 SKIRT employs the Monte Carlo technique to emulate the relevant physical processes including scattering , absorption and emission by the dust . The code features a wealth of built-in geometries , radiation source spectra , dust characterizations , dust grids , and detectors , in addition to various mechanisms for importing snapshots generated by hydrodynamical simulations . +0 The width of the confidence intervals are typically reduced by 70 % due to the size of the data sets . The highest discrepancies between ERA-I and ENS240 are found in the hurricane-prone areas , suggesting that the ensemble comes closer than ERA-I in capturing the intensity of tropical cyclones . +0 The mass function ( f_2 ) of 0.684 +/- 0.047 solar masses , along with our constraints on the companion 's spectral type ( K5V-K9V ) and previous constraints on the inclination , gives a likely range of neutron star masses from 1.2 to 1.8 solar masses . The high value for K_2 is , in part , due to the high binary inclination of the system but may also indicate a high neutron star mass . +0 Utilizing the constrained parameters in these well measured decay channels , we study most of the possible charmless $ B_s \to PP $ , $ PV $ and $ VV $ decay channels in the perturbative QCD approach . We review the perturbative QCD approach study of hadronic B decays . +1 Rather , it gives an alternative definition of the recursively enumerable Turing degrees that does not rely on oracles . The definitions give rise to a number of questions about computable paths inside Cayley graphs of finitely generated groups , and several of these questions are answered . +1 Eighteen stars have been discovered in the Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg H-Alpha ( MASH ) PN survey sample , and we have also uncovered 14 confirmed and candidate [ WR ] s and WELS among the CSPNe of previously known PNe . Spectral classifications have been undertaken using both the Acker & amp ; Neiner and Crowther , De Marco & amp ; Barlow schemes . +1 Are there compelling scientific reasons to obtain more precise and more accurate measurements of H_0 than currently available ? If there are , how can we achieve this goal ? +1 Using these results the approach then provides a safe , convenient and unbiased way of comparing experiment to theoretical models which avoids any built-in model dependent assumptions . We apply the method to three classes of perturbative $ Z ' $ boson benchmark models : $ E_6 $ models , left-right symmetric models and sequential standard models . +0 Hidden sector of weakly interacting CHS fields suggests a resolution of the hierarchy problem in the model of initial conditions for inflationary cosmology driven by a conformal field theory . Conformal higher spin ( CHS ) field theory , which is a solid part of recent advanced checks of AdS/CFT correspondence , finds applications in cosmology . +1 In addition to spherically-symmetric mass-ejection events , we consider planetary dynamics under the influence of an expanding disk . In order to have survived , we suggest that the present planets in NN Ser must have had semi-major axes $ \ , { } ^ & gt ; _ { \sim } \ , 10 $ AU and high eccentricity values which is in conflict with current observations . +0 This provides a classification of a family of unitary representations of a basic quantized quiver variety , one of the first such classifications for any quantized quiver variety . We completely classify definite multiplicity spaces for generic tensor products of $ \mathfrak { sl } _2 $ Verma modules . +1 In particular it can handle amplitude constraints on the input . Numerical examples show that the new algorithm is computationally attractive and that is consistent with previously reported results . +1 In the parameter region where the model has a mean-field behavior - corresponding to $ d \geq 4 $ for a $ d $ -dimensional Ising model - we find a stable FP that corresponds to a spin-glass transition in a field . In the non-mean-field parameter region the FP above is unstable , and we determined exactly all other FPs : to our knowledge , this is the first time that all perturbative FPs for the full set of RG equations of a spin glass in a field have been characterized in the non-mean-field region . +0 There is no smoke without fire , and the existence of many facts and theories on alternative origins of redshifts may point to some new pathways in physics that deserve further attention . But the question is still open , the debate is still alive , as was shown by the participants in the present Workshop . +0 In theories with additional matter fields , R-parity can be broken collectively , such that R-parity is not broken by any single coupling , but only by an ensemble of couplings . Such R-parity violation is very constrained , however , by resulting B and L violating signals , requiring couplings so small that LSPs will decay outside the detector in all but a few scenarios . +1 The physical model is based on conservation laws of mass and momentum at the working surface as explained by Mendoza et al . ( 2009 ) . The hydrodynamical description of the working surface is parametrised by the initial velocity and mass injection rate at the base of the jet . +0 The frozen mode regime is more robust and powerful , compared to any known slow-wave resonance . Formally , the frozen mode regime is not a resonance , in a sense that it is not particularly sensitive to the size and shape of the photonic crystal . +0 Many studies on semiflexible polymers and their assemblies have been motivated by their importance in biology . Such semiflexible polymers have large bending rigidities that can compete with the entropic tendency of a chain to crumple up into a random coil . +0 We assemble these TMP cells into a cluster of origami-based metamaterials , and we theoretically model and numerically analyze their wave transmission mechanism under external impact . These cells exhibit strain softening behavior under compression , which can be tuned by modifying their geometrical configurations or initial folded conditions . +0 During the time span of the Chandra observations , which covers days 4 through 23 and days 2 through 16 after the 2008 and 2009 events , respectively , the source spectral shape remained stable , while the pulsar 's spin-down rate in the same span in 2008 increased by a factor of 2.2 as measured by RXTE . We present results from observations of the magnetar 1E 1547.0-5408 ( SGR J1550-5418 ) taken with the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE ) following the source 's outbursts in 2008 October and 2009 January . +0 We estimate distances to the stars using observed colors , metallicities , and stellar evolution tracks . The sample is a mix of 74 % evolved horizontal branch stars and 26 % blue stragglers . +0 The hypothesis of path integral duality provides a prescription to evaluate the modified propagator of a free , quantum scalar field in a given spacetime , taking into account the existence of the fundamental length in a locally Lorentz invariant manner . The presence of the fundamental length is expected to lead to an improved ultra-violet behavior of the semi-classical propagators . +1 The data are compared with calculations based on the distorted wave impulse approximation ( DWIA ) using shell-model wave functions . Significant differences between the experimental and theoretical results are observed for all three spin-dependent $ ID_i $ at momentum transfers of $ q \gtrsim 0.5 { \rm fm } ^ { -1 } $ , suggesting the existence of nuclear correlations beyond the shell model . +0 The solution is found by first deriving explicit expressions for reflection and transmission amplitude coefficients for waves propagating from an arbitrarily oriented uniaxial anisotropic material into an isotropic material . In the laboratory frame , reflection and transmission coefficients corresponding to the principal polarization directions in each crystal are given explicitly in terms of the c-axis and propagation directions . +0 Oxygen abundances and iron abundances are roughly solar for the host galaxies . The X-ray model n_H values are in good agreement with the HI n_H values , implying that the hydrogen absorption towards the ULX is not local to the source , with the exception of M81 X-1 . +0 We compute such a volume approximation based on a new method for medial axis simplification guided by Hausdorff errors . Specifically , we use the union of a novel type of simple volume primitives , which are spheres and the convex hulls of two or three spheres , to approximate a given 3D shape . +0 An off-axis jet model with a large observing angle ( 0.21 rad , which is twice the jet opening half-angle , $ \theta_ { jet } $ ) can naturally describe the achromatic brightening and the prompt X-ray spectral properties . A complete optical multi-color afterglow light curve of XRF020903 obtained from archived data and photometric results in literature showed an achromatic brightening around 0.7 days . +1 We present observations of XRF 050406 , the first burst detected by Swift showing a flare in its X-ray light curve . During this flare , which peaks at t_peak ~210s after the BAT trigger , a flux variation of ( delta F ) /F~6 in a very short time ( delta t ) /t_peak & lt ; & lt ; 1 was observed . +0 The presence of giant planets seems to depend on stellar metallicity and mass . The discovery of about 700 extrasolar planets , so far , has lead to the first statistics concerning extrasolar planets . +0 This includes in particular the interesting case of mixed Gaussian states . We calculate the quantum Cram\'er -- Rao bound for the sensitivity with which one or several parameters , encoded in a general single-mode Gaussian state , can be estimated . +1 It then led to analysis and simulation of firm dynamics on economic network . Currently it covers a wide rage of dynamics of firms and financial institutions on complex network , using Japanese large-scale network data , some of which are not available in other countries . +0 We prove , in this paper , the existence of excited state solutions in the symmetric case and of a ground state solution in the non-symmetric case for the soliton bag and the bag approximation models thanks to the concentration compactness method . bag model , the bag approximation and the soliton bag model to study the hadronic properties . +1 2M 1237+6526 has a { \teff } $ \approx $ 800-850 K. If [ M/H ] is solar , $ \log { g } $ is as high as $ \sim $ 5.5 ( cgs ) and this source is older than 10 Gyr . We find a more plausible scenario to be a modestly subsolar metallicity ( [ M/H ] = -0.2 ) and moderate $ \log { g } $ $ \sim $ 5.0 , implying an age older than 2 Gyr and a mass greater than 0.035 M $ _ { \sun } $ . +1 An example of such a system is a massive black hole immersed in a cluster of stars . We compute the dispersion in the position and velocity of such a black hole , and examine whether it achieves a state of equipartition of kinetic energy with the stars . +1 The quasi-stellar object ( QSO ) /merger Mrk 231 is arguably the nearest and best laboratory for studying QSO feedback . It hosts several outflows , including broad-line winds , radio jets , and a poorly-understood kpc scale outflow . +1 The fraction of kinematically-disturbed galaxies increases with cluster velocity dispersion and decreases with distance from the cluster centre , but remains constant with projected galaxy density . We also studied morphological disturbances in the stellar light from HST/F814W images , finding that the fraction of morphologically disturbed galaxies is similar in all environments . +0 Using such a description , we compute the static and dynamical properties . We show that an elastic description of the pinned Wigner crystal provides an excellent framework to obtain most of the physically relevant observables . +1 However , the best constraints on this mass currently come from cosmology , via measurements of the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure . In this paper , we explore the prospects for using low-frequency radio observations of the redshifted 21 cm signal from the epoch of reionization to further constrain neutrino masses . +0 An orientable surface $ \mathbb { S } _h $ of genus $ h $ , $ h \geq 0 $ , is obtained from the sphere $ \mathbb { S } _0 $ by adding $ h $ handles . The bondage number $ b ( G ) $ of a graph $ G $ is the smallest number of edges whose removal from $ G $ results in a graph with larger domination number . +0 The work presented here shows that the computed $ R $ satisfies $ \normal { R } =\normal { A } +E $ where $ E $ is an appropriately small backward error , but only if the diagonals of $ R $ are computed in a manner similar to Cholesky factorization of the normal equations matrix . An error analysis result is given for classical Gram -- Schmidt factorization of a full rank matrix $ A $ into $ A=QR $ where $ Q $ is left orthogonal ( has orthonormal columns ) and $ R $ is upper triangular . +1 For filling factors $ \nu & lt ; 1 $ , there is a gap in the current-voltage characteristics centered about $ V=0 $ , followed by a tunneling peak at $ \sim 6 $ ~mV . Both features have been observed before and have been attributed to electron-electron interactions within a layer . +0 At low temperatures $ \tilde { T } =0.04-0.33 $ , the heat capacity clearly deviates from normal Fermi gas behavior . At $ \tilde { T } =0.33 $ , we observe a transition between two patterns of behavior : For $ \tilde { T } =0.33-2.15 $ , we find that the heat capacity closely corresponds to that of a trapped normal Fermi gas of atoms with increased mass . +1 The system is driven out of equilibrium either by considering different values for the noise strengths in the Langevin equations describing the evolution of the dynamic variables ( effectively placing these at different temperatures ) , or more generally by allowing for anisotropic noise strengths , i.e. , by constraining the dynamics to be at different temperatures in d_par- and d_perp-dimensional subspaces , respectively . In the first , case , we find one infrared-stable and one unstable renormalization group fixed point . +0 In the meson-exchange picture this corresponds to different values of the $ \sigma $ -meson mass . Starting from the phenomenological interaction DD-ME2 with density-dependent meson-nucleon couplings , we construct a family of point-coupling effective interactions for different values of the strength parameter of the isoscalar-scalar derivative term . +0 There is no evidence for a gap or hole in the disk that might be the signature of an additional inner companion body capable of scattering GQ Lup B out to $ \sim100 $ AU separation from GQ Lup A . These data , together with models of the spectral energy distribution , suggest a compact disk around GQ Lup A with mass $ \sim 3 $ M $ _ { Jup } $ , perhaps truncated by tidal forces . +1 The smoothed bootstrap method is used to calculate confidence regions of the derived luminosity functions . We find a strong environmental dependency for the LF of elliptical galaxies . +0 Emission of two hard photons and total expressions for radiative correction are given in leading logarithmical approximation . The differential cross section with radiative corrections due to emission of virtual and soft real photons calculated to a power accuracy is presented . +1 We analyze extensive simulation data of an alpha-helix in explicit water solvent as it stochastically folds and unfolds . The free energy profiles for different RCs exhibit significant variation , some having an activation barrier , others not . +0 BM Gem was observed with VLTI/MIDI at 44 -- 62 m baselines using the UT2-UT3 and UT3-UT4 baseline configurations . Our aim is to probe the spatial distribution of oxygen-rich dust with high spatial resolution . +0 Examples are mineral solid solutions , synthetic non-stoichiometric compounds and metal alloys . Site-occupancy disorder , defined as the non-periodic occupation of lattice sites in a crystal structure , is a ubiquitous phenomenon in solid-state physics and chemistry . +1 It is widely believed that existing electroweak data requires a Standard Model Higgs to be light while electroweak and flavour physics constraints require other scalars charged under the Standard Model gauge couplings to be heavy . We analyze the robustness of these beliefs within a general scalar sector and find both to be incorrect , provided that the scalar sector approximately preserves custodial symmetry and minimal flavour violation ( MFV ) . +1 In this paper we have considered the Universe to be filled with Modified Gas and the Cosmological Constant $ \Lambda $ to be time-dependent with or without the Gravitational Constant $ G $ to be time-dependent . We have considered various phenomenological models for $ \Lambda $ , viz. , $ \Lambda\propto\rho , \Lambda\propto\frac { \dot { a } ^ { 2 } } { a^ { 2 } } $ and $ \Lambda\propto\frac { \ddot { a } } { a } $ . +0 A reference frame in event space is a smooth field of orthonormal bases . Using this concept I learn few physical applications : dynamics and Lorentz transformation in gravitational fields , Doppler shift . +0 To overcome these challenges and identify neurons , ANRA applies a combination of image segmentation and machine learning . Identification of neurons within such Nissl-stained sections is inherently difficult due to the variability in neuron staining , the overlap of neurons , the presence of partial or damaged neurons at tissue surfaces , and the presence of non-neuron objects , such as glial cells , blood vessels , and random artifacts . +1 We show that , within the observation accuracy of the NFW parameters , the calculated value of $ R_ { eff } $ can be rather close to the observable cutoff of the galaxy distribution . Moreover , the comparison of our toy model with the observable data and simulations leads to the following preferable NFW parameters for the Coma cluster : $ R_ { 200 } \approx 1.77\ , h^ { -1 } \ , \mathrm { Mpc } = 2.61\ , \mathrm { Mpc } $ , $ c=3\div 4 $ and $ M_ { 200 } = 1.29 h^ { -1 } \times10^ { 15 } M_ { \odot } $ . +0 These include ( i ) MacMahon 's partition analysis , counting solutions of systems of linear Diophantine equations or inequalities , counting the number of lattice points in convex polytopes , ( ii ) evaluating combinatorial sums and their generating functions , and proving combinatorial identities , and ( iii ) lattice path enumeration such as walks on the slit plane and walks on the quarter plane . We develop a theory of the field of double Laurent series , iterated Laurent series , and Malcev-Neumann series that applies to most constant term evaluation problems . +1 As a novel branch of visual saliency , co-saliency detection refers to discovery of the common and salient foregrounds existed in two or more relevant images , and can be more widely used in many computer vision tasks . The existing co-saliency detection algorithms mainly consist of three components : extracting effective features to represent the image regions , exploring the informative cues or factors to characterize co-saliency , and designing effective computational framework to formulate co-saliency . +0 Previous work on this topic has focused on the integration of inertial and visual information . Gaze stabilization is an important requisite for humanoid robots . +1 From a purely observational point of view , we show that is not possible to discard values of the coupling constant in the unphysical region $ \epsilon & lt ; 0 $ . We show that the uncoupled case , $ \epsilon=0 $ , is in better agreement with the data than any of coupled models in the physical region . +1 To understand the role of the excluded volume of the microions , we first consider an uncharged system . For a fixed bulk concentration we find that upon increasing the fluid particle size one strongly increases the local concentration nearby the colloidal surface and that the particles become laterally ordered . +0 This sparticle is possibly detectable by the present cold dark matter direct search experiments . Fixing the mass of the latter to its central value from the LHC and taking 40 & lt ; =tanbeta & lt ; =50 , we find a relatively wide allowed parameter space with -11 & lt ; =A_0/M_ { 1/2 } & lt ; =15 and mass of the lightest sparticle in the range ( 0.09-1.1 ) TeV . +0 101 , 216803 ( 2008 ) ] . No gap appears at temperatures above 150K , which is four times smaller than the theoretically expected $ T_ { c } $ , from the accepted mean field model [ T. O. Wehling et al.Phys.Rev.Lett . +1 In particular , the approach of Sachs can serve as a unified theory of general relativity and electroweak interactions . The method is extended to conformal space with the intention to introduce the strong interaction . +0 The uncommon map helps to determine interest-points in a context-free manner . However , beyond the concept of the system itself , the uncommon map ( despite its simplicity ) is the main innovative part of the system . +1 Using this semigroup , they introduced a free divisibility indicator , from which one can know whether a probability measure is freely infinitely divisible or not . In this paper we further investigate this indicator , introduce a multiplicative version of it and are able to show many properties . +1 It is then shown that all known examples of fractional supersymmetry can be understood in this formulation . However , the incorporation of three dimensional fractional supersymmetry in this framework needs some care . +1 We study the associated field of multidimensional Laurent power series . In the second part we use the resolution of singularities techniques to study the geometry near a complete flag of subvarieties and the Parshin 's residues . +0 In this work we explore the interplay between the electromagnetic and muonic profiles , by analysing their phenomenologic behaviour for different primary masses and energies , zenith angles , and also different high energy hadronic interaction models . In fact , these two profiles provide two different insights of the shower : the electromagnetic component gives a measurement of the energy and the strength of the neutral pion channel ; while the muonic profile , being intimately related with the charged mesons decays , can be used as a direct probe for the high energy hadronic interactions . +0 The averaging procedure is such that incoming wave packets are plane wave packets . Spatial maps of wave traveltimes and amplitudes are measured from the cross-covariance function of the random wave field . +1 But in high-temperature superconductors ( HTSC ) , it is still controversial whether or not EPC is in favor of paring . Despite the controversies , many experiments have provided clear evidence for EPC in HTSC . +0 We present explicit equilibria solutions for a two-user example , namely the subgame perfect and Nash equilibria and show that multiple equilibria may exist . We model this scenario as a non-cooperative game in which each user selects his actual arrival time . +1 We model actin filaments as two chains of one-dimensional binary-state semi-totalistic automaton arrays to describe hypothetical signalling events therein . Each node of the actin automaton takes state `0 ' ( resting ) or `1 ' ( excited ) and updates its state in discrete time depending on its neighbour 's states . +1 In analogy with the ordinary case ( for symplectic forms on the plane ) we show that the moduli in the classification problem are analytic functions of 1-variable and that their number is exactly equal to the Milnor number of the corresponding boundary singularity . Moreover we derive a normal form for the pair $ ( \omega , f ) $ involving exactly these functional invariants . +0 The obtained relation is confirmed by the direct numerical simulation of random trajectory of a magnetotactic bacterium under the action of the Poisson type internal noise due to the random switching of rotary motors . The relation for a diffusion coefficient due to the random switching of the direction of rotation of their rotary motors is derived on the basis of the master equation . +1 ( Here $ a \ge 1 $ is the ratio of the area of the large axis to that of the smaller axis . ) The structure of the graph of $ c ( a ) $ is surprisingly rich . +1 The subsequent hadronization process for heavy quarks is calculated with a fragmentation plus recombination model . We find significant contribution from gluon radiation to heavy quark energy loss at high $ p_T $ ; the recombination mechanism can greatly enhance D meson production at medium $ p_T $ . +1 We have investigated the interaction of mitochondrial biophotons with microtubules from a quantum mechanical point of view . Our theoretical analysis indicates that the interaction of biophotons and microtubules causes transitions/fluctuations of microtubules between coherent and incoherent states . +1 We report the discovery of weak topological insulators by ab initio calculations in a honeycomb lattice . We propose a structure with an odd number of layers in the primitive unit-cell as a prerequisite for forming weak topological insulators . +0 The main result of this paper is that $ C_r=\frac { 1 } { r ( r-1 ) } $ for $ r\geq 3 $ . Define $ C_r $ as the largest constant such that $ \gamma ( G ) \ge C_r \sum_ { 1 \le i & lt ; j \le r } d ( x_i , x_j ) $ for any $ r $ vertices of an arbitrary connected graph $ G $ ; then $ C_2=\frac { 1 } { 3 } $ in this view . +0 For IR-NTC systems based on { \em finite-length } codes ( with blocklength $ N $ ) and decoding attempts only at { \em certain specified decoding times } , this paper presents the asymptotic expansion achieved by random coding , provides rate-compatible sphere-packing ( RCSP ) performance approximations , and presents simulation results of tail-biting convolutional codes . This paper explores feedback systems using incremental redundancy ( IR ) with noiseless transmitter confirmation ( NTC ) . +1 The second argument is a naive estimate of dangerous fluctuations , and also suggests that $ d_ { max } =4 $ . The third argument is related to a known critical point of the GOY shell model when the amplitude of back energy transfer becomes small . +0 We show that our method results in an improvement in the accuracy of reconstructed networks for synthetic data . For tractable classes such as Gaussian graphical models , this leads to a convex optimization problem that can be efficiently solved . +1 The data from fixed-target lepton-nucleon experiments are in context with the recent data from the RHIC polarised pp collider . The main tools to study Delta g/g in lepton-nucleon scattering are scaling violations of the g_1 structure functions and longitudinal spin asymmetries in hadron production . +0 Marginalizing over the values of the parameters in this fit with conservative priors gives sigma_8 = 0.851 +/- 0.115 and w = -1.14 +/- 0.35 for a spatially-flat wCDM cosmological model with WMAP 7-year priors on cosmological parameters . We describe the scaling relation between cluster mass and SZ signal with a 4-parameter fit . +0 Such solutions shadow chains of collision orbits of 2 uncoupled Kepler problems . Periodic solutions with near collisions of small bodies were named by Poincar\'e second species periodic solutions . +1 Using this as a case study , we underline the students perspective , highlight the inherent issues and suggest ways to improve the delivery of these subjects . Since , the issues are mainly generic , the aim is to provide discussion and recommendations to benefit a wider computing community in academia . +0 After restating the problem within the Bayesian framework , a priori information about the unknown can be utilized for determining the null space contribution to the solution . The solution of linear inverse problems when the unknown parameters outnumber data requires addressing the problem of a nontrivial null space . +0 Chiral $ W_3 $ gravity is used to exemplify the nonlocally regularized FA formalism . The quantum master equation , considered in the FA framework as the quantity parametrizing BRST anomalies , is argued to be incomplete at two and higher order loops and conjectured to reproduce only the one-loop corrections to the $ \hbar^p $ anomaly generated by the addition of $ O ( \hbar^ { k } ) $ , $ k & lt ; p $ , counterterms . +1 These invariants provide the classification of topological insulators with different symmetries in which K-theory plays an important role . Moreover , we establish that both invariants are realizations of index theorems which can also be understood in terms of condensed matter physics . +0 The standard hadronization models based upon the colour neutralization mechanism appear to underestimate the rate of slow proton production on hydrogen . The semi-inclusive cross section for producing slow protons in charged current deep inelastic ( anti- ) neutrino scattering on protons and neutrons is calculated as a function of the Bjorken $ x $ and the proton momentum . +0 We further propose OpenFunction , an SDM reference architecture and a network function abstraction layer . In this paper , we advocate the vision of Software-Defined Middleboxes ( SDM ) to realize abstraction and centralization for middleboxes . +0 Agreement between the fluxes obtained by the two instruments is generally very good ; the largest discrepancies are probably due to source variability . The very broad wavelength coverage ( 2.4-197 micron ) obtained by combining observations made with the two spectrometers includes practically all of the flux emitted by the sources , and allows us to determine the emission and absorption features of the dense circumstellar dust shells . +1 Several approaches are discussed how to understand the solution of the Dirichlet problem for the Poisson equation when the Dirichlet data are non-smooth such as if they are in $ L^2 $ only . For the method of transposition ( sometimes called very weak formulation ) three spaces for the test functions are considered , and a regularity result is proved . +1 To overcome this restriction , we propose an implicit-explicit asymptotic-preserving finite volume method . We prove that the new scheme provides a consistent discretization of the NSK system in the relaxation limit and demonstrate that it is capable of accurately and efficiently computing numerical solutions of problems with realistic density ratios and small interfacial widths . +0 A number of models have been proposed to explain the long lifetime of UC HII regions , including the photoevaporated disk model proposed by Hollenbach et al . ( 1994 ) . The broad line widths of the H52 $ \alpha $ line are probably related to motions in the ionized gas rather than pressure broadening . +0 The equilibrium volumes of both the phases are nearly same . Application of tetragonal distortion lowers the energy with respect to the cubic phase for all the materials . +1 We report results from a search for gravitational waves produced by perturbed intermediate mass black holes ( IMBH ) in data collected by LIGO and Virgo between 2005 and 2010 . The search was sensitive to astrophysical sources that produced damped sinusoid gravitational wave signals , also known as ringdowns , with frequency $ 50\le f_ { 0 } /\mathrm { Hz } \le 2000 $ and decay timescale $ 0.0001\lesssim \tau/\mathrm { s } \lesssim 0.1 $ characteristic of those produced in mergers of IMBH pairs . +1 For all four fragments , we give characterizations in terms of rankers . In particular , we generalize the notion of a ranker to infinite words in two possible ways . +0 The spectral variability patterns can be used as diagnostics for coronal physics and should allow to determine whether the optical depth of the corona is dominated by e+e- pairs . Despite the strong coupling between optical depth and temperature which determines a spectral shape insensitive to their precise values , moderate spectral changes are possible . +1 The query complexity of our algorithm is linear in the separation number of the skeleton graph of the manifold and the size of its boundary . As a corollary we get an $ O ( \sqrt { n } ) $ deterministic query algorithm for the black-box version of the problem { \bf 2D-SPERNER } , a well studied member of Papadimitriou 's complexity class PPAD . +0 Three main observations have been made : i ) the deposition method has a direct impact on the morphological evolution of the film during annealing . All Pt films were subjected to heat treatments up to 973 K for 2 h. The morphological evolution of Pt thin films has been investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) , atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) and standard image analysis techniques . +0 With one exception , we prove that a $ k $ level DCell built with $ n $ port switches is Hamiltonian-connected for $ k \geq 0 $ and $ n \geq 2 $ . DCell can support millions of servers with high network capacity by only using commodity switches . +0 Within the star-forming disks of galaxies , Sigma_SFR shows almost no correlation with Sigma_HI . Sigma_H2 , traced by CO intensity , shows a strong correlation with Sigma_SFR and the ratio between these two quantities , the molecular gas depletion time , appears to be constant at about 2Gyr in large spiral galaxies . +1 With absolute visual magnitudes up to M_V = -9.5 they are the ideal to obtain accurate quantitative information about galaxies through the powerful modern methods of quantitative stellar spectroscopy . The spectral analyis of individual blue supergiant targets provides invaluable information about chemical abundances and abundance gradients , which is more comprehensive than the one obtained from HII regions , as it includes additional atomic species , and which is also more accurate , since it avoids the systematic uncertainties inherent in the strong line studies usually applied to the HII regions of spiral galaxies beyond the Local Group . +1 Finite fields of the form GF ( 2^m ) play an important role in coding theory and cryptography . We show that the choice of how to represent the elements of these fields can have a significant impact on the resource requirements for quantum arithmetic . +1 We extend the renormalized perturbation theory for the single impurity Anderson model to the n-channel model with a Hund 's rule coupling , and show that the exact results for the spin , orbital and charge susceptibilities , as well as the leading low temperature dependence for the resistivity , are obtained by working to second order in the renormalized couplings . A universal relation is obtained between the renormalized parameters , independent of n , in the Kondo regime . +0 We show , constructively , that graphs of bounded threshold-rank satisfy a weak Szemeredi regularity lemma analogous to the one proved by Frieze and Kannan [ FK99 ] for dense graphs . In this paper we develop a third approach to the design of such algorithms . +1 We construct the equation of state ( EOS ) of dense matter covering a wide range of temperature , proton fraction , and density for the use of core-collapse supernova simulations . The study is based on the relativistic mean-field ( RMF ) theory , which can provide an excellent description of nuclear matter and finite nuclei . +1 To this end we apply the Ritus formalism to the coupled set of ( truncated ) Dyson-Schwinger equations for the quark and gluon propagator under the presence of an external constant Abelian magnetic field . We work with an approximation that is trustworthy for large fields eH & gt ; \Lambda_ { QCD } ^2 but is not restricted to the lowest Landau level . +1 We investigate the magnetization process for a quasi-one-dimensional S=1 antiferromagnet with bond alternation . By combining the density matrix renormalization group method with the interchain mean-field theory , we discuss how the interchain coupling affects the magnetization curve . +0 Alleviating crowding is a prerequisite for observing gravitational microlensing in main sequence stars towards the galactic bulge . This improvement in resolution can potentially improve the photometry of faint stars in extremely crowded fields significantly by alleviating crowding . +1 Using an initial-final mass relation , we apply this result to the progenitor stars of our sample and conclude that 1-7Msol stars have at least a 4.3 % chance of hosting planets ; an indirect probe of the intermediate-mass regime eluding conventional exoplanetary detection methods . Alternatively , we interpret this result as a limit on accretion timescales as a fraction of white dwarf cooling ages ; white dwarfs accrete debris from several generations of disks for ~10Myr . +0 1991 ; Ostensen et al . 1989 ; Corrigan et al . +0 The tree level amplitudes are dominated by helicity non-flip terms and the one-loop amplitudes are dominated by helicity flip terms . The amplitudes for this process receive tree level contributions and one-loop contributions , which are of comparable magnitude . +0 Also , semi-stationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type processes with semi-selfdecomposable distributions are constructed . The second one is to introduce and study a Langevin type equation and the corresponding Ornstein-Uhlenbecktype process whose limiting distribution is semi-selfdecomposable . +0 Generation of the transverse current in the scattering-free ballistic transport regime provides unambiguous evidence for the intrinsic inverse spin Hall effect . We find that the charge current is generated well before the first electron-hole scattering event . +1 We have measured the flux dependence of both real and imaginary conductance of $ GaAs/GaAlAs $ isolated mesoscopic rings at 310 MHz . The rings are coupled to a highly sensitive electromagnetic superconducting micro-resonator and lead to a perturbation of the resonance frequency and quality factor . +1 These results allow us to apply properadic methods for computing formulae for a homotopy transfer of a unimodular Lie 1-bialgebra structure on an arbitrary complex to the associated quantum master function on its cohomology . It is proven that in the category of quantum BV manifolds associated with the homotopy theory of unimodular Lie 1-bialgebras quasi-isomorphisms are equivalence relations . +1 Upcoming and ongoing large area weak lensing surveys will also discover large samples of galaxy clusters . Accurate and precise masses of galaxy clusters are of major importance for cosmology , for example , in establishing well calibrated observational halo mass functions for comparison with cosmological predictions . +1 Polydispersity always gives rise to non-Gaussian velocity distributions . Depending on the driving mechanism the tails can be either overpopulated or underpopulated as compared to the molecular gas . +0 By the VEV , the U ( 1 ) _R symmetry is broken to the discrete Z_2 symmetry , which is identified with the matter parity in the minimal supersymmetric standard model ( MSSM ) . The superpartner of $ N $ develops the vacuum expectation value ( VEV ) of order TeV so that the DM $ N $ achieves the desired mass of 2 TeV . +1 We develop parallel and distributed Frank-Wolfe algorithms ; the former on shared memory machines with mini-batching , and the latter in a delayed update framework . Whenever possible , we perform computations asynchronously , which helps attain speedups on multicore machines as well as in distributed environments . +0 In this paper , we revisit the issue by re-simulating a Milky Way class dark matter ( DM ) halo with unprecedented resolution . UV photoionisation , supernova feedback and interactions with the larger host halo are all thought to play a role in shaping the population of satellites that we observe today , but there is still no consensus as to which of these effects , if any , dominates . +0 Our calculation shows that the available data on B ( b- & gt ; s \gamma ) severely restricts the allowed values of B ( h- & gt ; b\bar { s } ) . A full-fledged combined numerical analysis is performed of these high-energy and low-energy FCNC decay modes in the MSSM parameter space . +1 They all have high X-ray luminosity ( 10^31 erg/s for HD 283572 and 31 Com and 10^30 erg/s for EK Dra ) . We compare the Emission Measure Distributions ( EMDs ) of these active coronal sources , derived from high-resolution XMM-Newton grating spectra , as well as the pattern of elemental abundances vs. First Ionization Potential ( FIP ) . +1 We prove that $ f $ is fixed-point free if and only if its continuous extension $ \tilde f : \beta \mathbb R^n\to 2^ { \beta \mathbb R^n } $ is fixed-point free . If one wishes to stay within metric terms , the result can be formulated as follows : $ f $ is fixed-point free if and only if there exists a continuous fixed-point free extension $ \bar f : b\mathbb R^n\to 2^ { b\mathbb R^n } $ for some metric compactificaton $ b\mathbb R^n $ of $ \mathbb R^n $ . +0 In prior work , Shearer ( 1992 ) gives a randomised algorithm that finds a cut of expected size $ ( 1/2 + 0.177/\sqrt { d } ) m $ , where $ m $ is the number of edges . We study the problem of finding large cuts in $ d $ -regular triangle-free graphs . +1 First , the eigenfunctions are close to plane waves $ e^ { i\langle \vec \varkappa , \vec x\rangle } $ at the high energy region . Second , the isoenergetic curves in the space of momenta $ \vec \varkappa $ corresponding to these eigenfunctions have a form of slightly distorted circles with holes ( Cantor type structure ) . +0 We use synthetic spectral templates with a variety of simple parametric star formation histories to fit broadband spectral energy distributions . We explore methods to improve the estimates of star formation rates and mean stellar population ages from broadband photometry of high redshift star-forming galaxies . +1 We calculate the top polarization and the effects of these anomalous couplings on it at two centre-of-mass ( cm ) energies , 8 TeV and 14 TeV . As a measure of top polarization , we look at decay-lepton angular distributions in the laboratory frame , without requiring reconstruction of the rest frame of the top , and study the effect of the anomalous couplings on these distributions . +0 These should incorporate the spatiotemporal-dependent phase-space dynam- ics of Elliot-Yafet and Dyakonov-Perel scatterings . These do not have analogue within the classical relaxation-dephasing picture , but are inherently quantum many-body effects . +1 Software architecture is defined as the process of a well-structured solution that meets all of the technical and operational requirements , as well as improving the quality attributes of the system such as readability , Reliability , maintainability , and performance . It involves a series of design decisions that can have a considerable impact on the systems quality attributes , and on the overall success of the application . +1 The two-component potential of the many-electron system of interest is constructed of a scalar external potential and a collinear magnetic field ( coupled only with the spin operator ) . Various equilibrium characteristics of two systems are defined and investigated . +1 Recently the BaBar experiment reported the first observation of the exclusive semileptonic decay B - & gt ; D tau nu , finding an approximately 2-sigma disagreement with the Standard-Model prediction for the ratio R ( D ) =BR ( B- & gt ; D tau nu ) /BR ( B- & gt ; D l nu ) , where l=e , mu . We compute this ratio of branching fractions using hadronic form factors computed in unquenched lattice QCD and obtain R ( D ) = 0.316 ( 12 ) ( 7 ) , where the errors are statistical and total systematic , respectively . +1 This decay mode is phenomenologically important if the mass difference between the lightest squark $ \tilde u_1 $ ( which is assumed to be mainly stop-like ) and the neutralino LSP $ \tilde \chi^0_1 $ is smaller than the top mass . In such a scenario $ \tilde u_1\to t \tilde\chi^0_1 $ is kinematically not allowed and searches for $ \tilde u_1\to W b \tilde\chi^0_1 $ and $ \tilde u_1\to c \tilde\chi^0_1 $ are performed . +0 This is a direct proof at the level of path integrals that there is no BRST anomaly . An explicit computation demonstrates that the regularized Jacobian $ Tr\ \Delta J\exp -\cR /M^2 $ for $ M^2\rightarrow \infty $ is the variation of a local counterterm , which we give . +1 Here we investigate the competition between the Coulomb blockade effect , Andreev reflection , and quantum interference , in InAs and InP nanowires connected to aluminum-based superconducting electrodes . We compare three limiting cases depending on the tunnel coupling strength and the characteristic Coulomb interaction energy . +1 We propose that students ' video production offers a very effective formative assessment to teachers : as a formative assessment , it produces information that allows the understanding of where and when the learning process succeeded or failed , of identifying , as a subject or as a group , the defficiencies or misunderstandings related to the theme under analysis and their interpretation by students , and it provides also a different kind of assessment , related to some other life skills , like the ability to carry a project to its conclusion and to work cooperatively . In this paper , we describe the use of videos produced by high school students as an assessment resource . +0 We find a lattice version of chiral symmetry similar to the Ginsparg-Wilson approach . The correspondence extends to important structural properties ( families , colors , flavor pairs , electromagnetic charge ) . +0 In this letter , we focus on the clock synchronization problem in delay tomography and propose a synchronization-free delay tomography scheme . Delay tomography has so far burdened source and receiver measurement nodes in a network with two requirements such as path establishment and clock synchronization between them . +1 KPD 1930+2752 is a short-period pulsating subdwarf B ( sdB ) star . It is also an ellipsoidal variable with a known binary period just over two hours . +0 However , for biologically realized network sizes , significant finite-size effects are observed including a broad in-degree distribution and an average in-degree connection between two and three . The network appears to be driven to a random Boolean network with uniform in-degree of two in the large network limit . +0 It incorporates diffusion and drift of adatoms on the terrace , and strong step and kink edge barriers . We consider a simple model for the growth of isolated steps on a vicinal crystal surface . +1 Their archetype , { \delta } Cephei , is an important calibrator for this relation . In this paper , we show that { \delta } Cephei is a spectroscopic binary based on newly-obtained high-precision radial velocities . +0 We concentrate on LEP II energies , $ \sqrt { s } =200 $ GeV , and energies appropria- te to the proposed Next Linear Collider ( NLC ) high energy $ e^+e^- $ collider with c.m . We perform a detailed study of the process $ e^+e^-\to\gamma\nu_l\bar\nu_l $ and its sensitivity to anomalous gauge boson couplings of the $ \gamma WW $ vertex . +0 If there are six strongly lensed sources in this sample , our 95 % confidence upper limit on Lambda in a flat universe is 0.79 . A comparison between the predicted and the observed number of lensed radio sources allows a determination of the current value of Omega-Lambda . +0 In particular , we focus on the minimum sample size P_c ( sample complexity ) necessary for perfectly identifying D of the optimal learning scheme when D and X are independently generated from certain distributions . We consider a learning problem of identifying a dictionary matrix D ( M times N dimension ) from a sample set of M dimensional vectors Y = N^ { -1/2 } DX , where X is a sparse matrix ( N times P dimension ) in which the density of non-zero entries is 0 & lt ; rho & lt ; 1 . +1 We show that each migration mechanism is characterized by a specific law of orbital angular momentum exchange . Calculating stationary solutions of the conservative secular problem and taking into account the orbital angular momentum leakage , we trace the evolutionary routes followed by the planet pairs during the migration process . +1 Elementary fields are only one kind of spin-1/2 and spin-0 preon . Both are in the global supersymmetric pair with the common electric charge of e/6 and belong to the fundamental representations of ( 3,2,2 ) under the spontaneously unbroken SU ( 3 ) _C*SU ( 2 ) _L*SU ( 2 ) _R gauge symmetry induced necessarily by the concept of `` Cartan connection '' equipped with `` Soldering Mechanism '' . +1 In R-parity violating supersymmetric models both leptogenesis and the correct neutrino masses are hard to achieve together . The presence of certain soft nonholomorphic R-parity violating terms helps to resolve this problem . +1 It is shown that these processes are exactly Cox ( doubly stochastic Poisson ) processes with strictly stable random intensity measures . We give spectral and LePage representations for general strictly stable random measures without assuming their independent scattering . +1 Large energy gaps on the oblate side of the Nilsson diagrams are found to be related to the magic numbers for the oblate deformation of the harmonic-oscillator potential where the frequency ratios ( $ \omega_ { \perp } : \omega_ { z } $ ) are simple rational numbers . In contrast , for the prolate deformation the magic numbers obtained from simple rational ratios of ( $ \omega_ { \perp } : \omega_ { z } $ ) of the harmonic-oscillator potential are hardly related to the particle numbers , at which large energy gaps appear in the Nilsson diagrams based on realistic Woods-Saxon potentials . +0 In order to establish these results we construct a discrete Gauss-Manin connection , in particular , a suitable discrete local system , discrete homology and cohomology groups with coefficients in this local system , and identify an associated difference equation with the qKZ equation . This description of the transition functions gives a connection between representation theories of the quantum loop algebra $ U_q ( \widetilde { gl } _2 $ and the elliptic quantum group $ E_ { \rho , \gamma } ( sl_2 ) $ and is analogous to the Kohno-Drinfeld theorem on the monodromy group of the differential Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation . +1 Over the entire area we have extremely deep UBRI photometry . Our K- counts are consistent with the predictions of non-evolving models with 0 & lt ; q0 & lt ; 0.5 . +1 We argue that the Goldstone $ \phi $ and Higgs $ h $ modes mix in antiferromagnetic systems , and this leads to an effective $ hh\phi $ three-point interaction . We then analyze the instability of the antiferromagnetic system in two spatial dimensions by studying the non-perturbative behaviour of the Higgs boson self-energy using the Dyson -- Schwinger equations . +0 Towards this , researchers have proposed use of non-volatile memory , such as phase change memory ( PCM ) , which has low read latency and power ; and nearly zero leakage power . In recent years , the energy consumption of computing systems has increased and a large fraction of this energy is consumed in main memory . +0 Being of a dynamic origin the currents can be destroyed by inelastic scattering , but we argue that the corresponding decay time can at low enough temperatures be large compared to all other time scales of the system . showing that this is a macroscopic effect . +0 At extremely low $ T $ , the nonlocal effects will also generically modify the linear $ H $ dependence of the penetration depth ( `` nonlinear Meissner effect '' ) in most experimental geometries , but for supercurrents oriented along the nodal directions , the effect may be recovered . It is shown that either nonlocal or nonlinear effects may cut off the linear- $ T $ dependence of both the free energy and the penetration depth in all the experimental geometries . +0 The links between members of the community can be presented visually and often this can make patterns in the structure of sub-communities immediately obvious . The fact that many communities are online means that it is possible to extract information about these communities and the connections between their members much more easily using software tools , despite their potentially very large size . +1 This method , first discussed by Tremaine & amp ; Weinberg in the context of external galaxies , requires projected positions , $ ( l , b ) $ , and line-of-sight velocities for a spatially complete sample of relaxed tracers . If the local standard of rest ( LSR ) has a zero velocity in the radial direction ( $ u_ { \rm LSR } $ ) , then the quantity that is measured is $ \Delta V \equiv \Omega_p R_0 - V_ { \rm LSR } $ , where $ \Omega_p $ is the pattern speed of the non-axisymmetric feature , $ R_0 $ is the distance of the Sun from the Galactic centre and $ V_ { \rm LSR } $ is the tangential motion of the LSR , including the circular velocity . +0 The bulk FeSe superconductor has a superconducting transition temperature ( Tc ) of ~8 K ; it can be dramatically enhanced to 37 K at high pressure . The FeSe superconductor and its related systems have attracted much attention in the iron-based superconductors owing to their simple crystal structure and peculiar electronic and physical properties . +0 Proxies have many uses like implementing access control , enforcing contracts , virtualizing resources . They introduce a level of indirection to intercept select operations on a target object and divert them as method calls to a handler . +1 This article concerns properties of mixed $ \ell $ -adic complexes on varieties over finite fields , related to the action of the Frobenius automorphism . We establish a fiberwise criterion for the semisimplicity and Frobenius semisimplicity of the direct image complex under a proper morphism of varieties over a finite field . +0 Theoretically , advances in lattice field theory techniques place us at the cusp of understanding complex coupled-channel phenomena , modelling grows more sophisticated , and effective field theories are being applied to an ever greater range of situations . Experimentally , many new signals have been discovered that could be pointing towards the existence of tetraquarks , pentaquarks , and other exotic configurations of quarks and gluons . +0 In the second part we use the resolution of singularities techniques to study the geometry near a complete flag of subvarieties and the Parshin 's residues . We study the associated field of multidimensional Laurent power series . +1 Part of our technical developments is a minimal chiral subtraction scheme within dimensional regularization , which leads to a manifest realization of the covariant chiral counting rules . All SU ( 3 ) symmetry-breaking effects are well controlled by the combined chiral and large N_c expansion , but still found to play a crucial role in understanding the empirical data . +0 Convergence properties of the sum rules are deduced from a general analysis of the form of the counterterms in the presence of electromagnetic spurions . We focus on the sum rules associated with QCD 4-point correlators which were not analyzed in detail before . +1 It is found that the local continuum in this spectral region is underestimated by an average of 12 % in the atlases of Arcturus . The average deficit in UV absorption amounts to 43 % for Arcturus whereas it is 9 % for the Sun . +1 For both crystals we observed a clear twofold variation in the field-angle dependence of $ \kappa_ { xy } ( \theta ) = - \kappa^0_ { xy } ( T , B ) \sin ( 2\theta ) $ . We have found that the oscillation amplitude $ \kappa^0_ { xy } $ depends on temperature and magnetic field . +0 The cross section for jets with $ E_T & gt ; 200 $ GeV is significantly higher than current predictions based on O ( $ \alpha_s^3 $ ) perturbative QCD calculations . The data are compared with QCD predictions for various sets of parton distribution functions . +1 We perform the optimal analysis of the WMAP 5-year data for both of these parameters . We find no evidence of non-Gaussianity , and we have the following constraints : -125 & lt ; f_NL^equil & lt ; 435 , -369 & lt ; f_NL^orthog & lt ; 71 at 95 % CL . +0 Contemporary self-calibration schemes try to find a self-consistent solution for signal and calibration by exploiting redundancies in the measurements . The common practice is to augment an external calibration solution using a known reference signal with an internal calibration on the unknown measurement signal itself . +1 Here , we analyze an alternative decomposition , which conserves SU ( 2 ) spin invariance , but requires the use of complex numbers . We show that this algorithm gets rid of the very large fluctuations observed in imaginary time displaced correlation functions of quantities which do not commute with the z-component of the total spin . +0 We see a clear increase in the bar fraction with redder ( g-r ) colours , decreased luminosity and in galaxies with more prominent bulges , to the extent that over half of the red , bulge-dominated , disk galaxies in our sample possess a bar . Overall , 29.4+/-0.5 % of galaxies in our sample have a bar , in excellent agreement with previous visually classified samples of galaxies ( although this overall fraction is lower than measured by automated bar-finding methods ) . +0 Detailed modelling of the gravitational potential of NGC 2276 shows that the resulting ram-pressure could significantly affect the morphology of the outer gas disc but is probably insufficient to strip large amounts of cold gas from the disc . Spatially resolved spectroscopy shows that the data are consistent with intragroup gas being pressurized at the leading western edge of NGC 2276 due to the galaxy moving supersonically through the intragroup medium at a velocity ~850 km/s . +1 Bayesian networks ( BN ) are used in a big range of applications but they have one issue concerning parameter learning . In real application , training data are always incomplete or some nodes are hidden . +1 For the first time , the low-energy level structure of the N=19 , 30Na ( Tz = 4 ) , is obtained from beta-delayed gamma spectroscopy using fragment-beta-gamma-gamma coincidences . The level structure clearly displays `` inversion '' , i.e. , intruder states with mainly 2p2h configurations displacing the normal states to higher excitation energies . +1 On the one hand , we introduce a new comprehensive framework that encompasses the various schemes we want to look at . On the other hand , we exhibit actual attacks on recent schemes such as those introduced at ACISP 2007 , ACISP 2008 , and SPIE 2010 , and some others . +0 We show that the charged-current { \it electron } neutrino `` shower '' channel should be particularly effective for isolating the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux , and that it is more generally an important complement to the usually-considered charged-current { \it muon } neutrino `` track '' channel . Separating these new physics components from the conventional atmospheric neutrino flux , as well as from each other , will be very challenging . +0 The smallest BPs we observed with TiO 705.68 nm were 0.13 '' , and we were able to resolve individual components in some of the BPs clusters and ribbons observed in the QS , showing that they are composed of the individual BPs . This resolution allowed us to detect a richer spectrum of BPs in the QS . +1 In this paper , we show that efficient separated sum-of-exponentials approximations can be constructed for the heat kernel in any dimension . In one space dimension , the heat kernel admits an approximation involving a number of terms that is of the order $ O ( \log ( \frac { T } { \delta } ) ( \log ( \frac { 1 } { \epsilon } ) +\log\log ( \frac { T } { \delta } ) ) ) $ for any $ x\in\bbR $ and $ \delta \leq t \leq T $ , where $ \epsilon $ is the desired precision . +0 We also examine existing quasar absorption spectra data that are sensitive to variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio , mu , and x = ( alpha^2 mu g_p ) for spatial variation . Using existing measurements of primordial deuterium abundance we find very weak indications that such a signature might exist , but the paucity of measurements precludes any firm conclusion . +1 We discuss whether or not bigravity theory can be embedded into the braneworld setup . As a candidate , we consider Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati two-brane model with the Goldberger-Wise radion stabilization . +0 We provide a sharp characterization of all $ u $ that optimally enhance dissipation in the sense that for any initial datum $ \phi_0\in L^p ( \bbR^2 ) $ , $ p & lt ; \infty $ , and any $ \tau & gt ; 0 $ , \ [ \|\phi ( \cdot , \tau ) \|_ { L^\infty ( \bbR^2 ) } \to 0 \qquad \text { as $ A\to\infty $ . } We consider the advection-diffusion equation \ [ \phi_t + Au \cdot \nabla \phi = \Delta \phi , \qquad \phi ( 0 , x ) =\phi_0 ( x ) \ ] on $ \bbR^2 $ , with $ u $ a periodic incompressible flow and $ A\gg 1 $ its amplitude . +0 The remnant of the U ( 1 ) ^k CS term in the discrete H gauge theory describing the effective long distance physics of such a model is shown to be a 3-cocycle for H summarizing the nontrivial topological interactions cast upon the magnetic vortices by the U ( 1 ) ^k CS term . Due to the Aharonov-Bohm effect these particles exhibit toplogical interactions . +1 While the laser can be pointed anywhere in the sky , one still needs to have a natural star , albeit fainter , reasonably close to correct the image motion ( tip-tilt ) to which laser guide stars are insensitive . There are in fact many astronomical targets without suitable tip-tilt stars , but for which the enhanced resolution obtained with the Laser Guide Star Facility ( LGSF ) would still be very beneficial . +0 Important representatives of these symmetry classes are random hopping models on bipartite lattices at the band center . Field-theoretical approach to Anderson localization in 2D disordered fermionic systems of chiral symmetry classes ( BDI , AIII , CII ) is developed . +1 The critical boundary separating these phases is calculated on the parameter space of the system , given by the intensity of the mass media influence and the number of options per cultural attribute . Counterintuitively , mass media can induce cultural diversity when its intensity is above some threshold value . +1 We prove these by applying a recent version of converse theorems of Cogdell and Piatetski-Shapiro to analytic properties of certain $ L $ -functions obtained from the method of Eisenstein series ( Langlands-Shahidi method ) . As a consequence , we prove the bound 5/34 for Hecke eigenvalues of Maass forms over any number field and at every place , finite or infinite , breaking the crucial bound 1/6 ( see below and Section 7 and 8 ) towards Ramanujan-Petersson and Selberg conjectures for $ GL_2 $ . +0 Many authors extended his model to a continuous-time setting with a Markov diffusion process X with state space R. Unfortunately , the continuous-time model fails to recover an objective measure from a risk-neutral measure . His model assumes that there is a finite-state Markov process X that drives the economy in discrete time . +1 We study the phase behavior of a symmetric binary polymer blend which is confined into a thin film . The film surfaces interact with the monomers via short range potentials . +1 This provides a statistical model of the zeta function that involves the primes in a natural way . We then employ the model in a heuristic calculation of the moments of the modulus of the zeta function on the critical line . +1 75As nuclear magnetic resonance ( NMR ) experiments were performed on Ba ( Fe1-xMnx ) 2As2 ( xMn = 2.5 % , 5 % and 12 % ) single crystals . The Fe layer magnetic susceptibility far from Mn atoms is probed by the75As NMR line shift and is found similar to that of BaFe2As2 , implying that Mn does not induce charge doping . +1 One enticing alternative to these approaches is to automatically synthesize domain independent planners given the knowledge about the domain and the theory of planning . In this paper , we investigate the feasibility of using existing automated software synthesis tools to support such synthesis . +1 A linear increase of the current with voltage is obtained up to a threshold value at which current saturation takes place . We show that the activated behavior , the voltage threshold and the saturation current can all be quantitatively explained by considering a single optical phonon mode with energy $ \hbar \Omega \approx 8 $ meV . +0 During the past decade , a number of experimental methods for measuring the thermal and thermoelectric properties of individual nanowires and nanotubes have been devised to address these challenges , some of which are reviewed and analyzed in this chapter . In particular , thermal and thermoelectric transport measurements can be considerably more complicated than electron transport measurements , especially for individual nanostructures . +1 In this paper , we consider a novel solution for this challenge that combines generative planning on incomplete domain models with a library of plan cases that are known to be correct . While this was arguably the original motivation for case-based planning , most existing case-based planners assume ( and depend on ) from-scratch planners that work on complete domain models . +1 Then we show that the complex L-series of $ E^ { ( R ) } $ does not vanish at $ s=1 $ , and the full Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture is true for $ E^ { ( R ) } $ . Let $ l_0 $ be a prime number which is congruent to $ 3 $ modulo $ 4 $ , and is such that $ 7 $ splits in the field $ K = \mathbb Q ( \sqrt { -l_0 } ) $ . +1 In the long time limit the spatial density profile becomes scale invariant . The mean-field approximation of this scenario bears some surprises . +0 We find lower bounds on the transport speed under mild assumptions on the asymmetricity and steepness of the site potential . We consider a generalized one-dimensional chain in a periodic potential ( the Frenkel-Kontorova model ) , with dissipative , pulsating ( or ratchet ) dynamics as a model of transport when the average force on the system is zero . +1 We study six groups and clusters of galaxies suggested in the literature to be `fossil ' systems ( i.e.to have luminous diffuse X-ray emission and a magnitude gap of at least 2 mag-R between the first and the second ranked member within half of the virial radius ) , each having good quality X-ray data and SDSS spectroscopic or photometric coverage out to the virial radius . The poor cluster AWM4 is clearly established as a fossil system , and we confirm the fossil nature of four other systems ( RXJ1331.5+1108 , RXJ1340.6+4018 , RXJ1256.0+2556 and RXJ1416.4+2315 ) , while the cluster RXJ1552.2+2013 is disqualified as fossil system . +0 The first stage allows specialization of a function to a particular model and/or nodes , such as creating a Metropolis-Hastings sampler for a particular block of nodes . For algorithm programming , NIMBLE provides functions that operate with model objects using two stages of evaluation . +0 General arguments are given for the calculability of such moments in perturbation theory using both a finite-order analysis and infinite resummation on the contour . Of phenomenological relevance is an analysis of the spectra of tau lepton decay on the energy interval [ 0 , M_tau ] and the low-energy hadron production in e+ e- annihilation . +1 We find that both the ghost propagator and the Coulomb potential are insensitive to the Gribov problem or the details of the residual gauge fixing , even if the Coulomb potential is evaluated from the A0 -- propagator instead of the Coulomb kernel . In particular , no signs of scaling violations could be found in either quantity , at least to well below the numerical accuracy where these violations were visible for the gluon propagator . +1 In this work we present a new family of options ( mirror options ) specially crafted to satisfy the necessities of aggressive speculators . The main ideas behind mirror options are : 1 ) A product that can be adjusted by the holder to agree with his/her market view at any time during its life . +0 We verify the theoretical predictions with the available timing and spectral observations . We also find a correlation between the presence of massive outflows launched from the accretion disk and the stabilization of its oscillations . +0 Temperature maps were made from both \textit { Chandra } and \textit { XMM-Newton } obervations . Temperature features can provide evidence of merging events which shock heat the intracluster gas . +1 Existing strong coupling theories rely heavily on the so-called many-body T-matrix approximation that sums ladder-type Feynman diagrams . Here , by acknowledging the fact that the effective interparticle interaction ( i.e. , the vertex function ) becomes smaller above three dimensions , we propose an alternative way to reorganize Feynman diagrams and develop a theoretical framework for interacting Fermi gases beyond the ladder approximation . +0 The highly elongated bar is expected to fragment into small pieces during the subsequent adiabatic phase . We find that , despite the presence of a strong magnetic field , the bar can grow fast enough that for a modest initial perturbation ( at 5 % level ) a large aspect ratio is obtained during the isothermal phase of cloud collapse . +1 We analytically demonstrate on a realistic model system that this mechanism can be realized by applying an external random force to the system . In other words , we find a new fluctuation theorem for the entropy production of a partial system , in the limit of weak coupling . +1 We calculate the so-called hard spectator corrections in $ { \cal O } ( \alpha_s ) $ in the leading-twist approximation to the decay widths for $ B \to K^ { * } \gamma $ and $ B \to \rho \gamma $ decays and their charge conjugates , using the Large Energy Effective Theory ( LEET ) techniques . Combined with the hard vertex and annihilation contributions , they are used to compute the branching ratios for these decays in the next-to-leading order ( NLO ) in the strong coupling $ \alpha_s $ and in leading power in $ \Lambda_ { \rm QCD } /M_B $ . +1 In this paper we develop a third approach to the design of such algorithms . We show , constructively , that graphs of bounded threshold-rank satisfy a weak Szemeredi regularity lemma analogous to the one proved by Frieze and Kannan [ FK99 ] for dense graphs . +1 We find that in this more general case the wave equation inside the rotating medium has to be amended by a term which is connected to the orbital angular momentum of the light . We show that optical spin and orbital angular momentum account respectively for the rotation of the polarisation and the rotation of the transmitted image . +1 It suffers from a low reddening ( E ( B-V ) =0.15 ) , lies at a distance of 5 kpc from the Sun and 1 kpc from the galactic plane , and its heliocentric systemic velocity is close to +22 km/sec . The difference between the radial velocity of the optical absorption spectrum and that of the Ha emission is unusually small for a carbon Mira . +0 A complementarity is discovered as the maximum fidelity is accompanied by a minimum of MMC . Some rigorous results are obtained to reveal the intrinsic relationship between the fidelity of QST and the mirror mode concurrence ( MMC ) , which is defined to measure the mode entanglement with a certain spatial symmetry and is just the overlap of a proper wave function with its mirror image . +1 By using two-dimensional distributions of energy and polar angle , a detector without head-tail information with 6.3 times the statistics is found to achieve the same performance level as a full three-dimensional tracking dark matter detector . Optimum operation orientations are obtained for various experimental configurations , with detectors that are space- or Earth-fixed , have head-tail capability or not , and use energy information or not . +1 We compare these models with the corresponding C^2/Z_3 orbifold models , and find that all of these gauge backgrounds can be related to configurations of vacuum expectation values ( VEV 's ) of twisted and sometimes untwisted states . Gauge groups and spectra are identical from both the orbifold and the smooth bundle perspectives . +0 Using this property , if we know a priori probability about the location of the solution before search , we can modify the adiabatic evolution to make the algorithm faster . Firstly , we show that in the initial state of the algorithm only the amplitude of the basis state corresponding to the solution affects the running time of the algorithm , while other amplitudes do not . +1 Attention is focused on the properties of the charge distributions observed in the breakup of the source . Since the microcanonical version of the model used in this study provides the primary fragment excitation energy distribution , one may correlate the reduction of the odd-even staggering in the charge distribution with the increasing occupation of high energy states . +0 No CP asymmetry is predicted for $ D^+ \to \pi^+ \pi^0 $ or $ D^0 \to \ko \ok $ in this framework . Non-zero CP asymmetries are expected for $ D^+ \to K^+ \ok $ ( the most promising channel for which a non-zero CP asymmetry has not yet been reported ) , as well as $ D^0 \to \pi^0 \pi^0 $ , $ D_s^+ \to \pi^+ \ko $ , and $ D_s \to \pi^0 K^+ $ . +1 This is a necessary condition for the neutrino vacuum to be able to support the wormhole geometry . In this respect , neutrino vacuum behaves like electromagnetic one and differs from the conformal scalar vacuum which does not seem to violate energy conditions for slowly varied metric automatically , but requires self-consistent wormhole solution for this . +0 Specifically , we discuss the roles of chemical peculiarity and strong magnetic field on the oscillation modes and what separates these pulsators from delta Scuti and Am-type stars . We particularly stress the conditions that must be fulfilled for successful driving . +0 These projections are the de facto standard and are widely used by international organizations , governments and researchers . The United Nations regularly publishes projections of the populations of all the world 's countries broken down by age and sex . +1 For example , building predictive models with high dimensional data and heterogeneous population is a non-trivial task . Co-clusters extracted from such data , which shows similar pattern in both the dimension , can be used for a more accurate predictive model building . +0 We investigate the suggestion that this signal could be due to an active region on the star , emitting enhanced ultraviolet or X-ray radiation leading to an increased mass loss rate of the planet ; we confirm that such a scenario could cause both modulation of the transit depths of KIC 12557548b , and small enough transit-timing variations that they might not be detected in the Kepler data . This signal is more prominent in the first-half of the Kepler data , and is not due to leakage of the rotating spot signal into our measurement of the transit depths , or due to unocculted starspots . +0 In this study , we provide an analytic framework to interpret observed phase curves , geometric albedos , and polarization of giant planet atmospheres . New observational facilities are becoming increasingly capable of observing reflected light from transiting and directly imaged extrasolar planets . +0 However , quantization of the AdS $ _5\times\ ; $ S $ ^5 $ superstring from first principles is still an open question and especially the spectrum of short string states has previously been derived only at leading order in large 't Hooft coupling . The the duality between $ { \cal N } =4 $ SYM and the AdS $ _5\times\ ; $ S $ ^5 $ superstring appears to enjoy quantum integrability in the planar limit , which allowed to devise powerful methods ostensibly solving the spectral problem . +1 We consider the free boundary problem for the plasma-vacuum interface in ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics ( MHD ) . In the plasma region , the flow is governed by the usual compressible MHD equations , while in the vacuum region we consider the Maxwell system for the electric and the magnetic fields , in order to investigate the well-posedness of the problem , in particular in relation with the electric field in vacuum . +1 We study the properties of random graphs where for each vertex a { \it neighbourhood } has been previously defined . The probability of an edge joining two vertices depends on whether the vertices are neighbours or not , as happens in Small World Graphs ( SWGs ) . +0 The effect of correlations in one dimension manifests in the increased tendency to particle chaining in the substrate . The phenomenon is manifested through the analysis of several magnitudes , as the jamming limit and the particle-particle correlation function . +1 We consider qualitative and quantitative verification problems for infinite-state Markov chains . We call a Markov chain decisive w.r.t . +1 Our typical result shows that under some extra conditions , if the closed unit disc is complete $ K ' $ -spectral for $ \phi ( T ) $ for every $ \phi\in \Phi $ , then $ \overline\Omega $ is complete $ K $ -spectral for $ T $ for some constant $ K $ . In particular , we prove that under a geometric transversality condition , the intersection of finitely many $ K ' $ -spectral sets for $ T $ is again $ K $ -spectral for some $ K\ge K ' $ . +0 Instant interactive proofs effect a fragile epistemic impact in their intended communities of peer reviewers that consists in the impermanent induction of the knowledge of their proof goal by means of the knowledge of the proof with the interpreting reviewer : If my peer reviewer knew my proof then she would at least then ( in that instant ) know that its proof goal is true . We propose a monotonic logic of internalised non-monotonic or instant interactive proofs ( LiiP ) and reconstruct an existing monotonic logic of internalised monotonic or persistent interactive proofs ( LiP ) as a minimal conservative extension of LiiP . +1 Using an efficient cluster MC algorithm we are able to determine the universal finite-size scaling ( FSS ) functions and the critical exponents with high statistical accuracy . We observe small corrections to scaling for the measured observables . +0 In each case we construct the relative approximate c-function and find it to be consistent with Zamolodchikov 's c-theorem . We then apply our construction to several examples : exact results , local potential approximation and loop expansion . +1 \v { C } ern\'ak Phys.Rev . E \textbf { 65 } , 046141 ( 2002 ) ] . +0 We have chosen two CSFR histories , with and without dust extinction , both normalized in order to reproduce the observed comoving luminosity densities at different wavelengths . We use a spectrophotometric model of galaxy evolution which provides a self-consistent description of global properties of local galaxies . +0 They found that the blueshift of 2D band of misoriented graphene relative to that of single layer graphene shows a strong dependence on the excitation laser energy . studied the Raman spectra of misoriented bilayer graphene . +0 The former case , which is new and has features rather different from the latter , is expected to have important applications . They include in particular ( i ) the manifestly conformally covariant construction , from the basic principle , of the singlet-projection operator for performing the Wick contraction and ( ii ) the derivation of the monodromy relation for the case of the so-called `` harmonic R-matrix '' , as well as for the usual fundamental R-matrtix . +0 There are two type of EDs : fan-shaped and halo-shaped . All the IARs present EDs in lower temperature lines ( e.g. , 171 { \AA } ) at their early emerging stages , meanwhile in higher temperature lines ( e.g. , 211 { \AA } ) , the ED regions brighten continuously . +1 We consider a generalized one-dimensional chain in a periodic potential ( the Frenkel-Kontorova model ) , with dissipative , pulsating ( or ratchet ) dynamics as a model of transport when the average force on the system is zero . We find lower bounds on the transport speed under mild assumptions on the asymmetricity and steepness of the site potential . +0 This property is exploited for constructing from B a conformally covariant holographic image in 1+1 dimensions which proves useful as a geometric picture for the joint inclusion A\vee C_max \subset B . Making the same assumption , the adjoint action of the unique inner-implementing representation U^A associated with A\subset B on the local observables in B is found to define net-endomorphisms of B . +1 The Hartree-Fock Hamiltonian is diagonalized with particular emphasis on superfluid phases . For the special case of spin-independent hopping we analytically determine the number of solutions of the resulting self-consistency equations and the nature of the possible ground states at weak coupling . +1 The magnetic susceptibility measurement confirmed that the BiPd compound is superconducting below 4K . Further , BiPd exhibits weak ferromagnetism near the superconducting transition temperature in isothermal magnetization ( MH ) measurements . +0 The strength of this alignment has been found to depend strongly on the colours of the satellite and central galaxies , and only weakly on the mass of the halo in which the galaxies reside . Recent studies have shown that the distribution of satellite galaxies is preferentially aligned with the major axis of their central galaxy . +1 Star-forming galaxies are predicted to contribute considerably to the cosmic gamma-ray background ( CGB ) as they are confirmed gamma-ray emitters and are the most numerous population of gamma-ray sources , although individually faint . Even though the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope will be able to resolve few star-forming galaxies individually , their fractional contribution to the CGB should become far more significant than it was for past measurements of the CGB as many of the brighter , formerly unresolved sources will be resolved out . +0 The third model , MM2 , is a minimal one constructed ad hoc and in this article it plays a central role . The second one , LW2 , is obtained from the model of Liu and Weeks ( 1998 ) using the repulsions term to construct the attractions one with retained possibility to change the parameters in the two independently . +0 The first step is the construction of a modified cobar complex adapted to a non-coassociative comultiplication . The task is accomplished in three steps . +1 We address the problem of adaptive minimax density estimation on $ \bR^d $ with $ \bL_p $ -- loss on the anisotropic Nikol'skii classes . We fully characterize behavior of the minimax risk for different relationships between regularity parameters and norm indexes in definitions of the functional class and of the risk . +1 Existing methods which claim to measure the reduced shears are not necessarily accurate to the second order when a point spread function ( PSF ) is present . We show that the method of Zhang ( 2008 ) exactly measures the reduced shears at the second order level in the presence of PSF . +1 We review some of the basic features of the Kazakov-Migdal model of induced QCD . We emphasize the role of $ Z_N $ symmetry in determining the observable properties of the model and also argue that it can be broken explicitly without ruining the solvability of induced QCD in the infinite $ N $ limit . +0 A special case are bending modes : for symmetry reasons , their coupling is only quadratic in the vibron coordinate . Specifically , we find that the longitudinal stretching mode and the radial breathing mode are coupled via the strong deformation potential , while twist modes couple more weakly via a mechanism involving modulation of the electronic hopping amplitudes between carbon sites . +1 In the work two ways of evolutionary interpretation of entropy model for correspondence matrix calculation are proposed . Both approaches based on the stochastic chemical kinetic evolution under the detailed balance condition . +0 This agreement confirms that the time evolution of the anisotropy field , which is driven by the interaction between electrons and phonons , determines the magnetization precession completely . In an in-plane magnetized Pt/Co/Pt thin film with perpendicular interface anisotropy , we found excellent agreement between theoretical prediction with plausible parameters and experimental data measured using time resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect . +1 In the case of discrete groups those operators can be dealt with quite sufficiently if the group in question is rigidly symmetric . For non-discrete groups we investigate the subalgebra of regular convolution dominated operators $ CD_ { reg } ( G ) $ . +0 Neutron powder diffraction reveals , that this compound exhibits the largest distortion within the 114 series , characterized by a strong buckling of the kagome layers . CaBaCo4O7 represents a new class of ferrimagnets whose structure is built up of CoO4 tetrahedra only , similarly to other members LnBaCo4O7 of the 114 series , forming an alternate stacking of kagome and triangular layers . +1 However , a role for selection in cultural evolutionary dynamics is less clear . Often neutral evolution ( also known as 'drift ' ) models , are used to explain the evolution of human communication systems , and cultural evolution more generally . +0 At energies above 39 GeV , the values of { \KV } are close to unity and for energies below 39 GeV , it shows significant deviation below unity around 19.6 and 27 GeV , then a large increase above unity is observed at 7.7 GeV . The most pronounced structure is found in the energy dependence of { \KV } of net-proton distributions from the $ 0\sim5 % $ most central collisions within $ 0.4 & lt ; p_ { T } & lt ; 2 $ GeV/c and at mid-rapidity $ |y| & lt ; 0.5 $ . +0 We show that the indications of the kaonic bound states can be observed in the outgoing proton energy spectra . We evaluate the formation cross sections of the kaonic atoms and kaonic nuclei using an effective number approach . +0 The direction of propagation can be either parallel or anti-parallel to the magnetic field lines . An EMHD wave ( also known as whistler wave ) propagates along magnetic field lines . +1 We introduce a line strength parameter ( LSP ) that allows us to quantify the strength of the absorption features as compared to the sample by a single number . Using the distributions of EWs of single-species features , we derive the distribution of column densities by a curve of growth ( CoG ) fit . +1 We derive consistency relations for the late universe ( CDM and \Lambda CDM ) : relations between an n-point function of the density contrast \delta and an ( n+1 ) -point function in the limit in which one of the ( n+1 ) momenta becomes much smaller than the others . These are based on the observation that a long mode , in single-field models of inflation , reduces to a diffeomorphism since its freezing during inflation all the way until the late universe , even when the long mode is inside the horizon ( but out of the sound horizon ) . +0 We demonstrate that for a general smooth bounded convex domain $ \Omega \subset \mathbb { R } ^d $ the corresponding { Dirichlet-to-Neumann } semigroup $ \left\ { U ( t ) : = e^ { -t \Lambda_ { \gamma , \partial\Omega } } \right\ } _ { t\geq0 } $ in the Hilbert space $ L^2 ( \partial \Omega ) $ belongs to the \textit { trace-norm } von Neumann-Schatten ideal for any $ t & gt ; 0 $ . For illustration of these notions and the properties we use the explicitly constructed \textit { Lax semigroups } . +0 Testing and reliability are aided by built-in logic state analysis and test-data sourcing at each board 's input and output , a common inter-board data link , and a universal `` Merger '' board for data fan-in/fan-out . Speed is achieved with custom VLSI pattern recognition , linearized track fitting , pipelining , and parallel processing . +1 With $ N $ , $ W $ , and $ L $ denoting , respectively , system size , disorder strength , and the average number of levels in units of the mean level spacing , we find that both $ \chi ( N , W ) $ and the integrated $ \Sigma_ { 2 } $ obey finite-size scaling . The high precision data was obtained for an anisotropic three-dimensional Anderson model with disorder given by a box distribution of width $ W/2 $ . +0 We present a graph representation which allows for a clear understanding of modern monetary systems . The nature of monetary arrangements is often discussed without any reference to its detailed construction . +1 We examine aspects of primordial star formation in the presence of a molecular hydrogen-dissociating ultraviolet background . We compare a set of AMR hydrodynamic cosmological simulations using a single cosmological realization but with a range of ultraviolet background strengths in the Lyman-Werner band . +0 We show that a family of subword complexes can be realized geometrically via regular triangulations of root polytopes . They proved that any subword complex is homeomorphic to a ball or a sphere and asked about their geometric realizations . +0 The phase diagram ( obtained numerically , and analytically in a limiting case ) shows anomalous properties that are similar to those observed in water . We study the phase diagram of a system of spherical particles interacting in three dimensions through a potential consisting of a strict hard core plus a linear repulsive shoulder at larger distances . +1 Justifications provide a graph-based explanation of the truth value of an atom w.r.t . a given answer set . +1 Unfortunately , a complete time evolution of the measured physical quantities is not available . The time series contains many gaps which increase in frequency and duration at larger distances . +0 The ratios of C IV to O VI to O VII to O VIII , intensities were compared with those predicted by theoretical models . Our estimate of the thermal pressure in the O VI-rich thick disk/halo gas , p_ { th } /k = 6500^ { +2500 } _ { -2600 } K cm^ { -3 } , suggests that the thick disk/halo is more highly pressurized than would be expected from theoretical analyses . +1 As their name suggests , OR circuits have OR gates as their computation gates , as well as the usual input , output and constant ( 0/1 ) gates . As is the norm for Boolean circuits , our circuits have multiple sink gates , which implies that an OR circuit computes an OR function on some subset of its input variables . +1 We consider practical phonon-polaritonic metamaterials for thermal engineering in the mid-infrared range and show that the effect exists in spite of the losses , absorption and finite unit cell size . For thermophotovoltaic energy conversion applications requiring energy transfer in the near-infrared range we introduce high temperature hyperbolic metamaterials based on plasmonic materials with a high melting point . +0 to two-sided PGICs ( TPGICs ) . We generalize the separability results in one-sided PGICs ( OPGICs ) by Sung \emph { et al . } +1 +/- 0.005 ( syst . ) . Improvements in sensitivity from inclusion of additional data , spectral analysis , and improved calibration are expected in the future . +0 Here we report the first observation of this new valley Hall effect ( VHE ) . Each valley is predicted to exhibit a Hall effect in the absence of a magnetic field whose sign depends on the valley index , but to date this effect has not been observed . +1 Energy dissipation is introduced through cloud-cloud ineslatic collisions . Several schemes are tested for the energy input . +0 By application of Bayes ' theorem , we reverse this logic to show that the eccentricity distribution of transiting planets is positively biased . Planets on eccentric orbits have a higher geometric probability of transiting their host star . +0 This results in under-utilization of idle system resources thereby decreasing overall system throughput . Traditional parallel schedulers running on cluster supercomputers support only static scheduling , where the number of processors allocated to an application remains fixed throughout the execution of the job . +0 The derived parameters are in qualitative agreement with the picture in which the spectral changes are governed by the mass flow rate in the accretion disc . We show that the Cyg X-1 spectrum accumulated by OSSE , BATSE , and COMPTEL in 1991 -- 95 , as well as the HEAO-3 gamma1 and gamma2 spectra can be well fitted by our model . +0 They include the Ernst metric of the Einstein-Maxwell theory as a special case . Classical solutions describing charged dilaton black holes accelerating in a background magnetic field have recently been found . +0 In this construction , the scheme is symmetric for the probe and signal pulses . Based on the unique feature , we demonstrate that highly entangled photons can be produced and photonic controlled phase gate can be constructed . +1 These fields result in a determinant free of all cutoffs . Consider the one-loop effective action , the logarithm of the determinant , and subtract off the renormalization dependent second-order term . +0 It turns out that the scale-factor is a measure of complexity of the species . We show that the link-weight distributions of all the species collapse remarkably onto each other when scaled suitably . +0 Consequently , we study a simple `` sparse PCA '' algorithm : select a subset of coordinates of largest variance , estimate eigenvectors from PCA on the selected subset , threshold and reexpress in the original basis . If such a basis ( e.g.wavelets ) is used to represent the signals , then the variation in many coordinates is likely to be small . +0 The RMS roughness of the grown films ranged from 0.5-2.0 nm with very few morphological defects ( carrots , triangular defects , etc . ) A specular surface morphology was attained by limiting the hydrogen etch rate until the system was equilibrated at the desired growth temperature . +1 These changes have previously been shown to correlate with changes in the derivative of the pulse frequency . In this paper , we use observations with the Parkes radio telescope at a centre frequency of 1369 and 3100 MHz to produce high phase resolution polarisation profiles for the two modes and perform a detailed study of the correlation between observed pulse shape and spin-down rate . +1 Rather , irradiance measurements are typically available from a few , relatively small sensors and thus aggregate solar irradiance must be estimated from these data . As a step towards finding more accurate methods for estimating aggregate irradiance from avaialble measurements , we evaluate semiparametric spatio-temporal models for global horizontal irradiance . +0 Recently some first quantum cryptographic solutions became available on the market . Quantum cryptography is going to find practically useful applications . +1 The other two have a topological origin , as they define an improper coordinate transformation that provides the stationary solution from the static one . The Petrov scheme is considered to explore the effects of the scalar field on the algebraic classification of the solutions . +0 Our data reveal several new clumps in the S255IR and S255N areas by their millimeter wave continuum emission . About half of the lines and half of the species ( in particular N2H+ , SiO , C34S , DCN , DNC , DCO+ , HC3N , H2CO , H2CS , SO2 ) have not been previously reported in S255IR and partly in S255N at high angular resolution . +1 The measurements used to validate the model and characterize its uncertainty are derived primarily from a dedicated photon radiation pressure actuator , with cross-checks provided by optical and radio frequency references . We describe how the gravitational-wave readout signal is calibrated into equivalent gravitational-wave-induced strain and how the statistical uncertainties and systematic errors are assessed . +0 The new controller has an integral action that produces a control input based on an error signal locally projected onto the column space of the graph Laplacian . Specifically , we propose a novel method that combines an existing consensus ( or formation ) algorithm with a new controller . +0 Research in this field has gained much by the many novel experimental methods and techniques exhibiting atomic resolution . Small variations of the cluster parameters may change the properties dramatically . +0 } =4.47 10^4 R_ { \odot } =208.0 au , R_ { 23 } ^ { abs . } =1.2 10^ { -58 } and the two absorption ranges R_ { 12 } ^ { abs . +0 The data stream is composed of Gaussian instrumental noise plus an unknown BBH waveform . Our results cover Challenge 1.2.1 , where the coalescence of the binary is seen , and Challenge 1.2.2 , where the coalescence occurs after the simulated observational period . +1 If there is accretion after neutron star formation , the atmosphere could be composed of light elements ( H or He ) ; if no accretion takes place or if thermonuclear reactions occur after accretion , heavy elements ( for example , Fe ) are expected . Despite detailed searches , observations have been unable to confirm the atmospheric composition of isolated neutron stars . +0 Additional computational tools were developed to help visualize the vapor bubble formed in the system . The van der Waals equation of state is used to define a conservative force that describes the model fluid used in this study . +1 The field equation is scale-invariant not only for the sum of them , but also for $ F=R\ln R $ . We prove this to be the only exception and show in which sense it is the limit of $ \frac { 1 } { k } R\sp { k+1 } $ as $ k\to 0 $ . +1 The other group ( 17 stars ) shows a clearly deviating trend ranging from [ alpha/Fe ] = 0.20 at [ Fe/H ] = -1.3 to [ alpha/Fe ] = 0.08 at [ Fe/H ] = -0.8 . The kinematics of the stars are discussed and the abundance ratios Na/Fe , Ni/Fe , Cu/Fe and Ba/Y are applied to see if the low-alpha stars are connected to the thin disk or to Milky Way satellite galaxies . +1 At the relatively bright X-ray fluxes ( F_ { 2-10 keV } & gt ; 4x10^ { -15 } cgs ) and near-infrared magnitude probed by the present observations , the fraction of AGN ( i.e. , X-ray detected ) among the ERO population is small ( ~3.5 % ) ; conversely , the fraction of EROs among hard X-ray selected sources is much higher ( ~20 % ) . The X-ray properties of EROs detected in our XMM-Newton observation indicate absorption in excess of 10^ { 22 } cm^ { -2 } in a large fraction of them . +1 The slips can be characterised by their location in phase space and their duration . We show that when properly normalised , their location converges , in the vanishing noise limit , to the sum of an asymptotically geometric random variable and a Gumbel random variable . +0 [ +0.41/-0.32 ] ( syst . ) The measured cross section sigma ( pp to ZZ ) = 6.24 [ +0.86/-0.80 ] ( stat . ) +1 On the other hand , propositional satisfiability problem ( SAT ) solvers can handle huge SAT instances . We thus present a technique to declaratively model set constraint problems and to encode them automatically into SAT instances . +0 We establish provably correct guarantees for the distributed strategies that result from the proposed approach and examine their robustness against delays , packet drops , and communication noise . The information provided by these promises allows individual agents to autonomously schedule information requests in the future and sets the basis for maintaining desired levels of performance at lower implementation cost . +0 While the Standard Model rates are yet to be reached , current experimental limits are already putting constraints on New Physics models . In this article we review the current experimental status of searches for rare decays in charmed hadrons . +0 The main advantage of jets is higher rate at large $ p_T $ , plus the possibility of detailed studies of soft fragmentation if the soft fragments can be separated from the background . Hard scattering is more easily observed via single particle and few particle correlation measurements . +0 WASP-31 ( Teff = 6300\pm100K ) is found to be well-aligned , with a projected spin-orbit angle of lambda = 2.8degrees \pm3.1 . For WASP-25 ( Teff = 5750\pm100K ) we detect a projected spin-orbit angle of lambda = 14.6 degrees \pm6.7 . +1 The crossed susceptibility in two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulators shows a quantized signature of the $ \mathbb { Z } _2 $ topological phase in response to Zeeman coupling via an averaged g-factor , and the quantization persists even when $ \sigma^z $ -conservation of electrons is broken by a tilted magnetic field . The bulk orbital magnetization is interpreted by the persistent edge current attributed to the chiral anomaly at the ( 1+1 ) -dimensional boundary . +0 The energy levels depend on amplitudes of the magnetic and electric fields , on the g-factor { g-h } , and on the parameter of nonparabolicity C. The dependences of two energy levels in any pair on the Zeeman parameter { Z_h } = { g_h } { m_h } /4 { m_0 } , where { m_h } is the hole effective mass , are nonmonotonous and without intersections . The solutions have the form of the pairs of the Landau quantization levels due to the spinor-type wave functions . +1 Our method can be extended to deal with arbitrary forms of non-Gaussianity , appearing at any order in the n-point hierarchy . We compute the probability density for the total smoothed perturbation within a Hubble volume , \epsilon , and for the spectrum of \epsilon . +1 We use the helicity amplitude method to calculate the cross section formula . We find that for the light quark jet production the diffractive process is related to the differential off-diagonal gluon distribution function in the proton . +0 We find that the growth , behavior and content of this particular botnet did not specifically align with common conceptions of botnets . Our analysis is based on a qualitative coding for approximately 3000 tweets in Arabic and English from the Syrian social bot that was active for 35 weeks on Twitter before it was shutdown . +0 For AdS ( 4 ) black-hole backgrounds there is no direct analogue of gravitational duality on the bulk , but there is still a boundary duality for quasi-normal modes satisfying a selected set of boundary conditions . When the theories are defined on AdS ( 4 ) space-time there are boundary manifestations of the duality , which for the case of gravity account for the energy-momentum/Cotton tensor duality ( also known as dual graviton correspondence ) . +1 We present UBVRI photometry obtained from Mosaic images of M31 and M33 using the KPNO 4-m telescope . The survey covers 2.2 sq degrees of M31 , and 0.8 sq degrees of M33 , chosen so as to include all of the regions currently active in forming massive stars . +1 The GH/CGM in the direction of MBM 16 is negligible or inexistent in our observation , with upper limits on the emission measure of 9.5x10^ { -4 } pc cm^ { -6 } ( 90 % C.L . ) , at the lowest end of current estimates . +0 A thorough search of the GMRT datacube reveals eight low-mass objects with gas masses ranging from 4x10^7 to 3x10^8 M_sol and total dynamical masses up to 1.4x10^9 M_sol . The ALFALFA maps reveal an extended HI envelope around the NGC 3166/9 group core , which we mosaic at higher resolution using six GMRT pointings spanning ~1 square degree . +1 We consider the measures induced from relative entropy of entanglement and entanglement of formation . We furthermore introduce a class of measures with an operational interpretation in terms of interferometry . +0 We apply the model to SRRs and discuss how to extract individual components of the polarizability matrix and extinction cross sections . Our theory sheds new light on the magnitude of cross sections for scattering and extinction , and for instance on the emergence of structural chirality in the optical response of geometrically non-chiral scatterers like SRRs . +0 We present the construction , the convergence analysis , and the numerical implementation of the method . Consequently , this method possesses very high computational efficiency . +1 Developments in algorithms over the past decade suggest that there is a new computational approach to a class of quantum field theories . This approach is based on rewriting the partition function in a representation similar to the world-line representation and hence we shall call it the `` WL-approach '' . +1 D { \bf 70 } , 104007 ( 2004 ) ] proposed a new formulation for 3+1 numerical relativity . Einstein equations result , according to that formalism , in a coupled elliptic-hyperbolic system . +0 All diagrams are calculated by expanding the photon wavefunctions into partial waves and using realistic deuteron wavefunctions . Previous theoretical and experimental estimates for the polarizabilities are given . +0 We examine the potentials which result when the $ S $ -matrix is generated from a $ T_ { \rm P } $ interaction . It is tested and evaluated and we investigate the degree of uniqueness of the potential , particularly for cases where there is insufficient information to define the potential uniquely . +1 Yet , most common techniques either adopt classical power control , in which mobile stations are received with the same Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio , or use centralized schemes , in which base stations coordinate their allocations . In this work , we suggest a novel scheduling approach in which each base station , besides allocating the time and frequency according to given constraints , also manages its uplink power budget such that the aggregate interference , `` Noise Rise '' , caused by its subscribers at the neighboring cells is bounded . +1 This feature of the transmission line can be used to perform phase matching in a degenerate four-wave mixing process which can be utilized for parametric amplification of a weak signal in the presence of a strong pump . Numerical simulations of the TWPA design have shown that with tuning , phase matching can be achieved and an exponential gain as a function of the transmission line length can be realized . +1 For this purpose , we derive linearized perturbed equation of motion following the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches . We formulate perturbed pressure in terms of adiabatic index by employing the conservation of baryon numbers . +1 A parabolic-parabolic ( Patlak- ) Keller-Segel model in up to three space dimensions with nonlinear cell diffusion and an additional nonlinear cross-diffusion term is analyzed . The main feature of this model is that there exists a new entropy functional , yielding gradient estimates for the cell density and chemical concentration . +1 We use numerical transfer-matrix methods combined with finite-size scaling to calculate Lyapunov exponents , and eigenvalue-counting theorems , coupled with Gaussian elimination algorithms , to evaluate densities of states . In $ d=2 $ we find that all states are localized , with the localization length diverging as $ \omega^ { -1 } $ , as energy $ \omega \to 0 $ . +1 We consider the homogenization of parabolic equations with large spatially-dependent potentials modeled as Gaussian random fields . We derive the homogenized equations in the limit of vanishing correlation length of the random potential . +1 In this case , the moduli space of the noncommutative deformations is of dimension 19 , the same as the moduli dimension of the complex deformations of commutative algebraic K3 surfaces . Then , we extend this method to the N-point case . +0 Casting Faddeev-AGS equations in a Coulomb basis avoids introducing screening of the Coulomb force . The repulsive Coulomb force poses severe challenges when describing $ ( d , p ) $ reactions for highly charged nuclei as a three-body problem . +0 Various solutions have been proposed , including porous winds , optically thick clumps or an overall reduction of the mass-loss rates . High-resolution X-ray spectra of O-type stars revealed less wind absorption than expected from smooth winds with conventional mass-loss rates . +1 The matrix is normalized so that the average spacing between consecutive eigenvalues is of order $ 1/N $ . We study the connection between eigenvalue statistics on microscopic energy scales $ \eta\ll1 $ and ( de ) localization properties of the eigenvectors . +0 These codes can be realized as a special type of concatenated codes . These codes mainly use the super matrices . +1 The Spin Foam Model for the SO ( 4 , C ) BF theory is discussed . The Barrett-Crane intertwiner for the SO ( 4 , C ) general relativity is systematically derived . +1 We propose a new detection strategy for gravitational waves ( GWs ) below few Hertz based on a correlated array of atom interferometers ( AIs ) . Our proposal allows to reduce the Newtonian Noise ( NN ) which limits all ground based GW detectors below few Hertz , including previous atom interferometry-based concepts . +0 An important intermediate task regards the formation and identification of features which characterise a target event ; we select and use those textual features in several linear , non-linear and hybrid inference approaches achieving a significantly good performance in terms of the applied loss function . We show that it is possible to extract valuable information about social phenomena , such as an epidemic or even rainfall rates , by automatic analysis of the content published in Social Media , and in particular Twitter , using Statistical Machine Learning methods . +0 But CNFSAT have correlations of each clauses , the partially ordered set is not in polynomial size . Therefore , if we reduce CNFSAT to HornSAT , we must make such partially ordered set in HornSAT . +0 We analyze the inferred morphologies of the plane-of-sky magnetic field ( B_bot ) in the SMA1 to SMA4 cores and in the envelope using the SMA-Ext and SMA-SubC data . The associated dust polarization exhibits more complex structures than seen at lower angular resolution . +1 While this conjecture implies that smooth functions are easy to compute in the simplest computational model , to date no non-trivial upper bounds were known for such functions in any computational model , including unrestricted Boolean circuits . Even a bound on the description length of such functions better than the trivial $ 2^n $ does not seem to have been known . +0 We determine the phase diagram of the PQM model in the FRG approach and discuss its modification in comparison with the one obtained under the mean-field approximation . We formulate and solve the renormalization group flow equation for the scale-dependent thermodynamic potential in the presence of the gluonic background field at finite temperature and density . +1 This paper examines the onset of the viscous overstability in dense particulate rings . First , we formulate a dense gas kinetic theory that is applicable to the Saturnian system . +0 This paper proposes a novel traffic signal controller with two fuzzy layers for signalizing the roundabout . Due to that the existing traffic facilities can hardly be extended , developing traffic signal control methods is the most important way to improve the traffic efficiency of modern roundabouts . +1 However , it is also known that this transition can be observed for sub-critical Reynolds numbers . In that case , the basin of attraction of the laminar state coexists with the sustained turbulence . +1 On the one hand , there exists no limit to the mass for a given maximal mass-density inside the body . On the other hand , each model permits a quasistationary transition to the extreme Kerr black hole . +0 In this limit , the M-branes are well described , via the AdS/CFT correspondence , in terms of classical solutions to the eleven dimensional supergravity equations of motion . We consider the low energy limit of a stack of N M-branes at finite temperature . +1 A significant genuine three-pion BEC enhancement near threshold was observed having an emitter source radius of r_3 = 0.580 +/- 0.004 ( stat . ) +/- 0.029 ( syst . ) +1 For illustration of these notions and the properties we use the explicitly constructed \textit { Lax semigroups } . We demonstrate that for a general smooth bounded convex domain $ \Omega \subset \mathbb { R } ^d $ the corresponding { Dirichlet-to-Neumann } semigroup $ \left\ { U ( t ) : = e^ { -t \Lambda_ { \gamma , \partial\Omega } } \right\ } _ { t\geq0 } $ in the Hilbert space $ L^2 ( \partial \Omega ) $ belongs to the \textit { trace-norm } von Neumann-Schatten ideal for any $ t & gt ; 0 $ . +0 Their behaviors are determined by the returns from their production . Considering a system consists of N homogeneous agents . +0 Uncertainties in calculation of the K+/pi+ excitation function are discussed . The method is first generalized to the case of quantum strangeness canonical ensemble . +0 { \bf 120 } , 5293 ( 2004 ) ] . We formulate a simple theory of these shape transitions , which is adapted from a calculation originally developed by Binder and coworkers [ { \em J . Chem.Phys . } +1 We show that Out ( G ) either contains non-abelian free groups or is virtually nilpotent of class at most 2 . It has torsion only at finitely many primes . +0 Interestingly , for biaxial strain , a band crossing effect occurs at the valence band maximum close to a 8\ % strain , leading to a dramatic increase of the hole effective mass . It remains a direct gap semiconductor under strain and the bandgap size can be tuned in a wide range as large as 1 eV . +1 This method can be applied to a four dimensional manifold of orbits in spacetime associated with a relativistic system . We show that a relativistic Hamiltonian which generates Einstein geodesics , with the addition of a world scalar field , can be put into correspondence with another Hamiltonian with conformally modified metric . +0 We show that when properly normalised , their location converges , in the vanishing noise limit , to the sum of an asymptotically geometric random variable and a Gumbel random variable . The slips can be characterised by their location in phase space and their duration . +1 To distinguish accreting binaries from chromospherically active objects we develop and explain criteria based on Halpha and HeI 5786,6678 emission line properties available in the literature . The spectroscopic properties and photometric variability of all the objects are discussed and a classification of the source is given where possible . +0 The oscillator is independently tunable in central wavelength and spectral width from 2040 nm to 2070 nm and from 5 nm to 10 nm , respectively . We present a passively mode-locked , tunable soliton Ho : fiber ring oscillator , optimized for seeding of Ho : YLF amplifiers . +1 We consider the Dunne-Jackiw-Pi-Trugenberger model of a U ( N ) Chern-Simons gauge theory coupled to a nonrelativistic complex adjoint matter on noncommutative space . Soliton configurations of this model are related the solutions of the chiral model on noncommutative plane . +0 Yet the dynamic steps of these transitions have not been quantitatively characterized at the molecular level . The forming and melting of complementary base pairs in RNA duplexes are conformational transitions required to accomplish a plethora of biological functions . +0 In the first one , the diagonal $ S^z $ operator has four states , where two eigenvalues vanish ( 4S model ) , which are suppressed by a restriction in the two states 2S model . The results of two fermionic models are compared . +1 The Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) has obtained repeated imaging in five UV-to-IR photometric bands for 33,881 spectroscopically confirmed quasars . About 10,000 quasars have an average of 60 observations in each band obtained over a decade along Stripe 82 ( S82 ) , whereas the remaining ~25,000 have 2-3 observations due to scan overlaps . +0 The spectral analyis of individual blue supergiant targets provides invaluable information about chemical abundances and abundance gradients , which is more comprehensive than the one obtained from HII regions , as it includes additional atomic species , and which is also more accurate , since it avoids the systematic uncertainties inherent in the strong line studies usually applied to the HII regions of spiral galaxies beyond the Local Group . With absolute visual magnitudes up to M_V = -9.5 they are the ideal to obtain accurate quantitative information about galaxies through the powerful modern methods of quantitative stellar spectroscopy . +0 Many galaxies with SEDs indicating considerable dust are not detected , but the limits are only sufficient to rule out hyperluminous infrared galaxies . SCUBA observations of three fields detect at least one candidate quasar-associated galaxy . +1 The idea of left ( right ) palindromic permutations ( LPPs , RPPs ) and left ( right ) generalized Smarandache palindromic permutations ( LGSPPs , RGSPPs ) are introduced in symmetric groups S_n of degree n. It is shown that in S_n , there exist a LPP and a RPP and they are unique ( this fact is demonstrated using S_2 and S_3 ) . The dihedral group D_n is shown to be generated by a RGSPP and a LGSPP ( this is observed to be true in S_3 ) but the geometric interpretations of a RGSPP and a LGSPP are found not to be rotation and reflection respectively . +1 Extending the current state of the art in multigroup multicasting , the practical constraint of a maximum permitted power level radiated by each antenna is tackled herein . The considered per antenna power constrained system is optimized in a maximum fairness sense . +0 Charge and lattice excitations are detected after a particle scatters in a Ge or Si crystal kept at ~30 mK , allowing to separate nuclear recoils from the dominating electromagnetic background . The CDMS experiment aims to directly detect massive , cold dark matter particles originating from the Milky Way halo . +1 From a Bayesian viewpoint , this involves computation of the Bayesian evidence . In this paper , we generalise the Fisher matrix approach from the context of parameter fitting to that of model testing , and show how the expected evidence can be computed under the same simplifying assumption of a gaussian likelihood as the Fisher matrix approach for parameter estimation . +1 Complementing the known corresponding expressions for entanglement and more general quantum correlations , we thus complete the quantitative hierarchy of Bures correlations for Bell-diagonal states . We then explicitly calculate Bures correlations for two relevant families of states : Werner states and rank-2 Bell-diagonal states , highlighting the subadditivity which holds for total correlations with respect to the sum of classical and quantum ones when using Bures distance . +1 At classical level , dynamical derivation of the properties and conservation laws for topologically non-trivial systems from Noether theorem versus the derivation of the system 's properties on topological grounds are considered as distinct . We do celebrate any agreements in results derived from these two distinct approaches : i.e.the dynamical versus the topological approach . +0 We surveyed 2661 individual academic researchers across all disciplines on their dealings with data , their publication practices , and motives for sharing or withholding research data . It is therefore not surprising that data sharing is advocated by funding agencies , journals , and researchers alike . +0 The Miller-Abrahams expression for the transition rates between nearest neighbor sites was used for simulating random walks of the electron in the Coulomb field of the hole . We consider a simple model for the geminate electron-hole separation process in organic photovoltaic cells , in order to illustrate the influence of dimensionality of conducting channels on the efficiency of the process . +1 We study the entanglement of families of Unruh modes in the Bell states $ |\Phi^\pm\rangle =1/\sqrt { 2 } ( |00\rangle\pm|11\rangle ) $ and $ |\Psi^\pm\rangle=1/\sqrt { 2 } ( |01\rangle\pm|10\rangle ) $ shared by two accelerated observers and find fundamental differences in the robustness of entanglement against acceleration for these states . States $ \Psi^\pm $ are entangled for all finite accelerations , whereas , due to the Unruh effect , states $ \Phi^\pm $ lose their entanglement for finite accelerations . +0 We show that in a certain sense $ P $ controls the representation theory of $ G $ . In this paper we study the restriction of irreducible representations of $ G $ on $ E $ -vector spaces to $ P $ , where $ E $ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic $ p $ . +1 We introduce the notion of zero energy observers ( ZEOs ) as counterparts to known zero angular observers ( ZAMOs ) . It is shown that the trajectory of a ZEO has precisely one turning point that lies on the boundary for photons and inside the ergoregion for massive particles . +1 Valid metric distances between high order networks have been defined but they are difficult to compute when the number of nodes is large . The goal here is to find tractable approximations of these network distances . +1 Building on earlier work by Mundell et al . ( 2007 ) and Melandri et al . +1 Here it is developped such a reinvestigation starting with a revaluation of the main elements of TIHR . So one finds that all the respective elements are troubled by insurmountable defects . +0 There is a rule that 0 is the result of 0 divided by anything that does n't simplify to either 0 or 0/0 . The default simplification does n't succeed in simplifying the denominator to 0.2 . +1 Mesoscopic quantum electrodynamics is therefore subject to `` doing quantum electrodynamics while thinking classically , '' allowing one to substitute essentally classical considerations for quantum ones without any loss in generality . Implications of these results for the quantum measurement theory are discussed . +1 The consequence is often severe performance degradation and is one of the major barriers for the application of classifiers in real-world systems . In this paper , we show how to learn transform-based domain adaptation classifiers in a scalable manner . +1 The location of M dwarfs in the V-K_s -- M_Ks color-magnitude diagram ( CMD ) has been shown to correlate with metallicity . We demonstrate that previous empirical photometric calibrations of M dwarf metallicity exploiting this correlation systematically underestimate or overestimate metallicity at the extremes of their range . +0 In particular we define an entropy per tooth in analogy with the entropy per carrier or Seebeck coefficient , and we derive the analogue to Kelvin 's second relation for Feynman 's ratchet . Our approach yields original insight into the derivation and analysis of the system 's properties . +0 The complexity analysis of adaptive algorithms ( and this algorithm in particular ) is a new challenge for computer science . The complexity of this algorithm is adaptive because the algorithm makes decisions based on local data . +0 We do this by investigating the 2D substructure within three high-resolution cosmological simulations of galaxy clusters . In this paper , we undertake a study to determine what insight can be reliably gleaned from the comparison of the X-ray and the weak lensing mass maps of galaxy clusters . +1 It is found that the temperature and velocity of the outflow jets as a result of magnetic reconnection are strongly dependent on the physical environments , e.g.the magnitude of the magnetic field strength and the plasma density . If the magnetic field strength is weak and the density is high , the temperature of the jets is very low ( ~10,000 K ) as well as its velocity ( ~40 km/s ) . +0 We discuss the case of the Perseus cluster containing the radio-galaxy NGC 1275 that has been detected as a bright gamma-ray source by the Fermi-LAT experiment . The gamma-ray emission from galaxy clusters hosting active galaxies is a complex combination of diffuse and point-like emission with different spectral and spatial properties . +0 We detected 303 distinct X-ray sources by analysing six EPIC/pn observations ; 194 of them are members of the cluster . The X-ray variations on short ( hours ) , medium ( months ) , and long ( years ) time scales have been explored . +0 MCs transport magnetic flux and helicity away from the Sun . Magnetic clouds ( MCs ) are `` magnetized plasma clouds '' moving in the solar wind . +1 `` 1 ) spectra of SN 1987A obtained on days 3715 and 3743 with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope show that the high-velocity SN debris is colliding with circumstellar gas . Very broad Ly-alpha emission with velocities extending to ~ +/- 20,000 km/s originates inside the inner circumstellar ring and appears to fill most of the surface area within 0 . `` 67 +/- 0 . +1 This object is at least as hot as an early B type star based on its intrinsic luminosity and is surrounded by a circumstellar disc/envelope which produces near infrared excess emission . A number of other relatively bright cluster members also display excess emission in the $ K $ -- band , indicative of disks/envelopes around young massive stars . +1 The EMBLA Survey successfully searched for these old , metal-poor stars by making use of the distinctive SkyMapper photometric filters to discover candidate metal-poor stars in the bulge . Their metal-poor nature was then confirmed using the AAOmega spectrograph on the AAT . +0 Cosmological constraints on the properties of HNLs now indicate that the majority of the interesting parameter space for such particles was beyond the reach of the previous searches at the PS191 , BEBC , CHARM , CCFR and NuTeV experiments . The existence of such particles is strongly motivated by theory , as they can simultaneously explain the baryon asymmetry of the Universe , account for the pattern of neutrino masses and oscillations and provide a Dark Matter candidate . +1 A notch in the stripe efficiently traps an injected wall stopping the domain propagation . The authors show that the magnetic field at which the wall is depinned displays a stochastic nature . +1 The detailed results of these measurements , performed with a specific bow and arrow , provide insight into many aspects of archery and illustrate the importance of quantitative information in the scientific process . Most of the proposed experiments use only modest tools and can be carried out by archers with their own equipment . +0 Apart from their coordinates , and in some cases additional basic data ( mainly from the 2MASS archive ) , their properties are poorly known . Our nine fields are , according to several catalogs , centred on Galactic star clusters , namely Trumpler 13 , Trumpler 20 , Lynga 4 , Hogg 19 , Lynga 12 , Trumpler 25 , Trumpler 26 , Ruprecht 128 , and Trumpler 34 . +0 The expression for the Euler characteristic , through the Gauss- Bonnet integral , and the one for the entropy of gravitational instantons are proposed in a form which makes the relation between them self-evident . In this work a deep relation between topology and thermodynamical features of manifolds with boundaries is shown . +0 Here we revisit the kinematics and dynamics of null hypersurfaces by making use of some 3+1 slicing of spacetime . On the other side , the 3+1 formulation of general relativity provides a powerful setting for studying the spacetime dynamics , in particular gravitational radiation from black hole systems . +1 Here , sparse Big Data is a set of $ n $ vectors in $ \mathbb { R } ^d $ , where each vector has $ O ( 1 ) $ non-zeroes entries , and $ d\geq n $ . E.g. , adjacency matrix of a graph , web-links , social network , document-terms , or image-features matrices . +0 The code features a wealth of built-in geometries , radiation source spectra , dust characterizations , dust grids , and detectors , in addition to various mechanisms for importing snapshots generated by hydrodynamical simulations . SKIRT employs the Monte Carlo technique to emulate the relevant physical processes including scattering , absorption and emission by the dust . +0 For large input dimension the parameter trajectory of both algorithms passes through a sequence of unstable fixed points , each described by a diffusion process in a polynomial potential . The de-mixing matrix parameters are confined to a Stiefel manifold of tall , orthogonal matrices and we introduce a natural gradient variant of the algorithm which is appropriate to learning on this manifold . +1 The photospheric absorption lines are narrow , and we use the Fourier transform technique to infer $ v\sin i=15\pm3 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ . This $ v\sin i $ implies a maximum rotational period of 31.5 d , a value qualitatively consistent with the observed variability of the optical absorption and emission lines , as well as the Stokes $ V $ profiles and longitudinal field . +1 These simulations include explicit treatment of metal-line cooling in addition to dust and self-shielding , $ \mathrm { H_ { 2 } } $ based star formation . The 4 simulated halos have masses ranging from a few times $ 10^ { 10 } $ to nearly $ 10^ { 12 } $ solar masses . +1 Gauge symmetry is preserved for all terms inside the Lagrangian , except for the viscous term . The transition mechanism from point particle field to fluid field , and vice versa , is discussed . +0 The theory starts by recognizing the essential role played by spin-orbit interactions in determining the energies of ferromagnetic resonances in the collective excitation spectrum and the strength of their coupling to low-energy particle-hole excitations . We present a theory of the elementary spin excitations in transition metal ferromagnet nanoparticles which achieves a unified and consistent quantum description of both collective and quasiparticle physics . +0 The promise of decentralization is complete freedom for end-users from any service providers both in terms of keeping privacy about content and communication , and also from any form of censorship . The primary motivations for DOSNs are privacy and autonomy from big brotherly service providers . +0 Direct tracking of the lung tumor during radiation therapy is very difficult without implanted fiducial markers . Lung tumor motion due to respiration poses a challenge in the application of modern three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy . +1 We find that the jet density has limited influence on the structure for a given jet Mach number . The speed of advance varies by a small factor for jet densities between 0.1 and 0.0001 of the ambient density while the cocoon and cavity evolution change from narrow pressure balanced to wide over-pressure as the ratio falls . +0 Several linear-quadratic optimal control problems for mean-field forward-backward stochastic differential equations are studied . Using a backward separation method with a decomposition technique , two optimality conditions and two coupled forward-backward optimal filters are derived . +0 Further , introducing a perturbational approach we bring the smoothness condition imposed on the curves down to $ C^1 $ ( lowest possible ) . With this goal in mind , here for the first time we obtain fully explicit bounds for the number of rational points near planar curves . +1 In the early stages of the outburst , the optically thick disc dominates the optical and the line components show clear orbital radial velocity excursions . In the course of several weeks , optically thin regions become more prominent as strong emission lines replace the broad disc absorption . +0 We use this result to highlight the fact that while the Einstein equations for first order variations about a locally maximally symmetric vacuum state of geometry and quantum fields seem to follow from Jacobson 's principle of maximal vacuum entanglement entropy , their possible derivation from this principle for the physically relevant case of finite but small variations remains an open issue . The entanglement entropy of a free quantum field in a coherent state is independent of its stress energy content . +0 The main challenges and the calibration process are detailed . This technique enables the SQUID magnetometery in high magnetic fields , up to 7 Tesla . +1 We interpret it as HI Lyman break at z = 2.067+/-0.025 indicating the presence of a cloud with a HI column density log ( HI ) & gt ; 18 on the line-of-sight to the OT . This value is conservatively a lower limit to the GRB redshift . +1 We reappraise some of the hybrid classical-quantum models proposed in the literature with the goal of retrieving some of their common characteristics . In particular , first , we analyze in detail the Peres-Terno argument regarding the inconsistency of hybrid quantizations of the Sudarshan type . +1 His model assumes that there is a finite-state Markov process X that drives the economy in discrete time . Many authors extended his model to a continuous-time setting with a Markov diffusion process X with state space R. Unfortunately , the continuous-time model fails to recover an objective measure from a risk-neutral measure . +1 We measure the extent of SNP clustering as the ratio between the variance of SNPs found in bins of length $ l $ , and the mean number of SNPs in such bins , $ \sigma^2_l/\mu_l $ . For a uniform SNP distribution $ \sigma^2_l/\mu_l=1 $ , for clustered SNPs $ \sigma^2_l/\mu_l & gt ; 1 $ . +0 If we divide this line of research into two kinds of approaches : dynamic versus static analysis , this paper belongs to the latter . On the other hand , non-termination analysis seems to remain a much less attractive subject . +0 It has been studied in detail from radio frequencies to high-energy ( HE , 0.1-100 GeV ) gamma-rays . Puppis A is an interesting ~4 kyr-old supernova remnant ( SNR ) that shows strong evidence of interaction between the forward shock and a molecular cloud . +0 Two of the absorbers show supersolar [ S/Zn ] and [ Si/Zn ] . All three absorbers show similar metallicities ( -1.3 to -1.5 dex ) , and dust depletion of Fe , Ni , and Mn . +0 This explosive transition was conjectured to be discontinuous . Spontaneous explosive is an abrupt transition to collective behavior taking place in heterogeneous networks when the frequencies of the nodes are positively correlated to the node degree . +1 The high lying resonances are found to be not genuine as pointed out by Kato and Abe , and as such are discarded . This discomfiture is due to the ( i ) shallow behavior of the Morse potential at the outer edge and ( ii ) inappropriate insertion of Coulomb tail used in that work . +1 We discuss the problem of the separation of total correlations in a given quantum state into entanglement , dissonance , and classical correlations using the concept of relative entropy as a distance measure of correlations . This allows us to put all correlations on an equal footing . +1 The dominant absorption feature in OH+ arises from a main component seen in CH+ ( that with the highest CH+/CH column density ratio ) , while OH follows CN absorption . This distinction provides new constraints on OH chemistry in these clouds . +1 Here we present a class of systems which fail to follow this rule . We show that for convex billiards of constant width with time reversal symmetry and `` almost '' chaotic dynamics the energy level distribution is of GUE-type . +1 This description of the transition functions gives a connection between representation theories of the quantum loop algebra $ U_q ( \widetilde { gl } _2 $ and the elliptic quantum group $ E_ { \rho , \gamma } ( sl_2 ) $ and is analogous to the Kohno-Drinfeld theorem on the monodromy group of the differential Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equation . In order to establish these results we construct a discrete Gauss-Manin connection , in particular , a suitable discrete local system , discrete homology and cohomology groups with coefficients in this local system , and identify an associated difference equation with the qKZ equation . +0 Since the microcanonical version of the model used in this study provides the primary fragment excitation energy distribution , one may correlate the reduction of the odd-even staggering in the charge distribution with the increasing occupation of high energy states . Attention is focused on the properties of the charge distributions observed in the breakup of the source . +1 We include an imposed pitch-angle scattering rate , which is meant to approximate the effects of high frequency plasma waves and/or velocity space instabilities . We focus on plasma parameters similar to those found in the near-Earth solar wind , though most of our results are more broadly applicable . +1 We present detailed predictions for various observables that can be measured at LHC in ongoing experiments like ATLAS or CMS at sqrt { s } =7 TeV : the cross-section , the azimuthal correlations and the angular distribution of these jets . For this purpose , we apply realistic kinematical cuts and binning , and study the dependence of our results with respect to several parameters . +1 We generalize the separability results in one-sided PGICs ( OPGICs ) by Sung \emph { et al . } to two-sided PGICs ( TPGICs ) . +0 In this paper , we propose a simple mathematical model ( a coupled system of nonlinear ODEs ) to capture some of the dynamical effects produced by adding charcoal to fertile soils . Carbon sequestration is the process of capture and long-term storage of atmospheric carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) with the aim to avoid dangerous climate change . +0 X-ray spectroscopy of cluster members is presented for the first time as well as new X-ray distribution functions of late-type stars . We present an X-ray study of the high metallicity young open cluster Blanco 1 based on XMM -- Newton data . +0 The management of VM comprises computing resources exploitation in the monitoring of VM in entire lifecycle and physical resources management for VM on SMDs . A challenging aspect of VM deployment is the additional computing resources usage in the deployment and management of VM which obliges computing resources for VM creation and configuration . +1 Numerical simulations of the SO ( 3 ) lattice gauge theory show that the adjoint Wilson line has a very small value at low temperatures ; at high temperatures , metastable states are observed in which the adjoint Wilson line takes positive or negative values . The effective action is able to explain the origin of these metastable states . +1 The bondage number $ b ( G ) $ of a graph $ G $ is the smallest number of edges whose removal from $ G $ results in a graph with larger domination number . An orientable surface $ \mathbb { S } _h $ of genus $ h $ , $ h \geq 0 $ , is obtained from the sphere $ \mathbb { S } _0 $ by adding $ h $ handles . +0 The data are well fitted as annihilating dark matter in combination with an astrophysical background . We have studied the gamma-ray flux observed by the High Energy Stereoscopic System ( HESS ) from the J1745-290 Galactic Center source . +1 Analysis of the relative intensities of these transitions can be used to reliably measure the densities of molecular cores . Adopting kinetic temperatures from the literature , we have employed a Large Velocity Gradient ( LVG ) model to derive the average hydrogen number density [ n ( H2 ) ] within a 16 arcsecond beam toward each source . +1 A stable gap and two bands emerges for all momentum when the coupling strength beyonds a critical value . Generally , The upper band on the positive frequency axis is much sharper than the lower band on the negative side . +0 As a result the entropy of the dark energy decreases and that of horizon increases . Thus there occurs a flow of dark energy towards the apparent horizon . +1 Separating these new physics components from the conventional atmospheric neutrino flux , as well as from each other , will be very challenging . We show that the charged-current { \it electron } neutrino `` shower '' channel should be particularly effective for isolating the prompt atmospheric neutrino flux , and that it is more generally an important complement to the usually-considered charged-current { \it muon } neutrino `` track '' channel . +0 It is known that the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor can be achieved by a redefinition involving another star-product . In general , the non-commutativity affects the usual conservation law of the tensor as well as its transformation properties ( gauge covariance instead of gauge invariance ) . +0 For a critical value of the field intensity there are two wave numbers that become unstable simultaneously , corresponding to two Turing-like instabilities . In the self-focusing case , for negative detunings the pattern arises naturally from a codimension two bifurcation . +0 This analysis allows selecting those accelerometers that can be suppressed minimising the information loss . Then , pairwise conditional Granger causality analysis is carried out with data measured from substructural DOFs to evaluate the information loss when measurements from all DOFs are not available . +0 Here , we address the Tavis-Cummings lattice model , which describes light-matter systems containing multiple atomiclike structures in each cavity . Due to the interaction between the two particle species optical nonlinearities appear , leading to a quantum phase transition from Mott to superfluid phase . +0 Such corrections are important in heavy atoms with nuclear charge Z & gt ; 50 . Then we calculate the Z alpha corrections to the Schiff moment which appear due to the finite nuclear size . +0 The description of the ring structure of the quotients suggests further optimization in order to improve the overall distribution of determinants . In this case , a lower bound for the minimum determinant is given by the minimum Hamming distance . +1 Our analysis entails an extended version of the $ STU $ oblique parametrization of Peskin and Takeuchi . In principle , this extended formalism ( $ STUVWX $ ) must be used when there are light new particles in loops . +0 Two multiple-distance-measurement analysis techniques were developed to improve distance precision and to extract the amplitude and frequency of vibrations . A high-finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer ( F-P ) was used to determine frequency changes during scanning . +0 This discomfiture is due to the ( i ) shallow behavior of the Morse potential at the outer edge and ( ii ) inappropriate insertion of Coulomb tail used in that work . The high lying resonances are found to be not genuine as pointed out by Kato and Abe , and as such are discarded . +1 The mirror sterile neutrino masses will have a form of canonical seesaw while the ordinary active neutrino masses will have a form of double and linear seesaw . In this canonical and double-linear seesaw scenario , we can expect one sterile neutrino at the eV scale and the other two above the MeV scale to fit the cosmological and short baseline neutrino oscillation data . +1 Aims : This paper describes an extensive survey of polarized Galactic emission at 1.4 GHz that provides data with arcminute resolution and complete coverage of all structures from the broadest angular scales to the resolution limit , giving information on the magneto-ionic medium over a wide range of interstellar environments . Methods : Data from the DRAO Synthesis Telescope , the Effelsberg 100-m Telescope , and the DRAO 26-m Telescope have been combined . +0 Here it is demonstrated that two of these sets/configurations , namely the $ 18_ { 2 } - 12_ { 3 } $ and $ 2_ { 4 } 14_ { 2 } - 4_ { 3 } 6_ { 4 } $ ones , can uniquely be extended into geometric hyperplanes of the split Cayley hexagon of order two , namely into those of types $ { \cal V } _ { 22 } ( 37 ; 0 , 12 , 15 , 10 ) $ and $ { \cal V } _ { 4 } ( 49 ; 0 , 0 , 21 , 28 ) $ in the classification of Frohardt and Johnson [ Comm . 45 ( 2012 ) , 405301 , 13 pages ] have given a number of distinct sets of three-qubit observables , each furnishing a proof of the Kochen-Specker theorem . +0 We prescribe a method to disentangle the divergences in the framework of the soft-collinear effective theory . The factorization proof is not trivial because various kinds of divergences are intertwined in the collinear and soft parts at high orders . +0 In the presence of a transverse harmonic confinement , dimensional reduction toward two-dimensional ( 2D ) or one-dimensional ( 1D ) physics is derived within this formalism . The formalism is applied in various situations and emphasis is put on the momentum representation . +0 We here present a theoretical formalism for the calculation of the first order in opacity radiative energy loss of a quark jet traveling through a finite size dynamical QCD medium . The computation of radiative energy loss in a finite size QCD medium with dynamical constituents is a key ingredient for obtaining reliable predictions for jet quenching in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions . +0 Due to the intrinsic competition with the atom-field coupling strength , we first demonstrate that this atom-atom interaction can exhibit a novel topological quantum interference effect arising from the instanton and anti-instanton tunneling paths . We illustrate our idea in an experimentally feasible circuit quantum electrodynamics scenario . +1 This is achieved by integrating out auxiliary field components of the double metric in an iterative procedure that induces an infinite number of higher-derivative corrections . As an application we prove that , to first order in $ \alpha ' $ and to all orders in fields , the deformed gauge transformations are Green-Schwarz-deformed diffeomorphisms . +1 Based on the unique feature , we demonstrate that highly entangled photons can be produced and photonic controlled phase gate can be constructed . In this construction , the scheme is symmetric for the probe and signal pulses . +1 The galaxy is known to have properties of a cD galaxy progenitor and be surrounded by a 3 Mpc-sized structure , identified with a protocluster . The morphology shown on the new deep HST/ACS image is reminiscent of a spider 's web . +0 We analyze the non-Markovian behavior of a qubit interacting at the same time with two coupled single-mode cavities which in turn dissipate into memoryless or memory-keeping reservoirs . Albeit in many realistic scenarios the quantum system can simultaneously interact with composite environments , this condition remains little understood , particularly regarding the effect of the coupling between environmental parts . +0 All SU ( 3 ) symmetry-breaking effects are well controlled by the combined chiral and large N_c expansion , but still found to play a crucial role in understanding the empirical data . Part of our technical developments is a minimal chiral subtraction scheme within dimensional regularization , which leads to a manifest realization of the covariant chiral counting rules . +1 In this article , we first develop an asymptotic theory of Bayes factors when two SDEs are compared , assuming the time domain expands . Using this we then develop an asymptotic theory of Bayes factors when systems of SDEs are compared , assuming that the number of equations in each system , as well as the time domain , increase indefinitely . +0 These new planets , WASP-52b , WASP-58b , WASP-59b , and WASP-60b , have orbital periods ranging from 1.7 to 7.9 days , masses between 0.46 and 0.94 M_Jup , and radii between 0.73 and 1.49 R_Jup . We present the discovery of four new transiting hot jupiters , detected mainly from SuperWASP-North and SOPHIE observations . +0 In this paper , we are emphasizing on English-Hindi language pair , so in order to preserve the correct MT output we present a ranking system , which employs some machine learning techniques and morphological features . The correct translated sentence for Hindi language is rarely found . +1 A long-standing puzzle is the low carrier mobility ( { \mu } ) in them as compared with corresponding bulk structures , which constitutes the main hurdle for realizing high-performance devices . To address this issue , we perform combined experimental and theoretical study on atomically thin MoS2 field effect transistors with varying the number of MoS2 layers ( NLs ) . +0 In particular the Caroli-deGennes-Matricon state at $ E\sim 0 $ in the core center is not seen . Results of such experiments have revealed typical spectra that are quite different from what is seen in conventional low-Tc superconductors . +0 The maximum velocity of motion of interstellar medium is $ 1.8\cdot10^4 $ km/s . Gas dynamical motion of interstellar medium driven by gamma ray burst is investigated in 2D approximation for different initial density distributions of host galaxy matter and different total energy of gamma ray burst . +0 ( 2009 ) , we parameterize the ensemble quasar structure function in Sloan Stripe 82 as a function of observed brightness . Utilizing the damped random walk model of Kelly et al . +1 We show that this quantity is $ \Theta ( \sqrt { n } ) $ , closing a line of incrementally larger lower bounds . The same lower bound was recently obtained independently by Sherstov using related techniques . +1 These represent slight deviations from spherical symmetry in terms of the relativistic multipole moments ( RMM ) we wish the solution to contain . A Newtonian object referred to as a dumbbell can be used to describe these solutions in a simple form by means of the density of this object , since the physical properties of the relativistic solution are characterized by its behaviour . +0 Special attention is given to understanding the surface effect on Raman frequencies by using a force constants model based on first-principles calculations . Here , we combine experimental Raman scattering and theoretical studies to clarify and explain this trend . +1 Methods : We show that , for $ k & gt ; k_F $ MeV/c , nuclear momentum distributions are proportional to that of the deuteron . We then examine the deuteron momentum distributions derived from a wide variety of modern nucleon-nucleon potentials that are consistent with $ NN $ -scattering data . +1 We focus on the sum rules associated with QCD 4-point correlators which were not analyzed in detail before . Convergence properties of the sum rules are deduced from a general analysis of the form of the counterterms in the presence of electromagnetic spurions . +0 The equation of state ( EOS ) of mixed phase is different from the one obtained by a bulk application of the Gibbs conditions or by the Maxwell construction due to the effects of the non-uniform structure . As a general feature of the first-order phase transitions of matter consisting of many species of charged particles , there appears a mixed phases with geometrical structures called `` pasta '' due to the balance of the Coulomb repulsion and the surface tension between two phases . +0 Lamoreaux , Phys.Rev.Lett . Dalvit and S.K . +0 It is necessary to include partial waves up to $ j=17/2 $ ( 75 channels , or , when including the $ T=1 $ state , 150 channels ) in the Faddeev equations before the energy eigenvalue converges . We have calculated the polarization of the constituents of \Li6 as a three-body bound state of $ \alpha + n + p $ interacting with local potentials fitted to the scattering data . +1 Bose-Einstein condensation can happen either from the chiral symmetry broken phase or from the restored phase . We show that the onset of the chiral phase transition is restricted in the area where there is no Bose-Einstein condensation . +1 The angular distribution of 12CO and 13CO emission over 1 km/s velocity intervals and the full velocity extent of the cloud are presented . These reveal a complex , dynamic medium of cold , molecular gas . +0 We discuss the effect of the electron-electron Coulomb interaction on spin relaxation under various conditions . Our study concentrates on clean intrinsic graphene , where the spin-orbit coupling from the adatoms can be neglected . +1 We test this scheme in pressure-driven 2D Poiseuille flow of the nonlinear generalized Maxwell fluid . In the steady state , comparison with an analytical solution shows good agreement . +1 Our Monte Carlo simulations find a ground state entropy intermediate to that of spin ice on the kagome and pyrochlore lattices , suggesting that trillium spin ice is highly frustrated . To motivate the search for trillium spin ice , we calculate the magnetic susceptibility and structure factor . +1 Comparisons are made with Mackey 's theory of induced representations . For simplicity , we focus on square integrable ( discrete series ) unitary representations although many of the techniques apply more generally , with minor adjustment . +0 In the broadband double power-law fits , for a typical Fermi spectrum of a bright \gamma-ray pulsar , most of the errors accumulate due to the arbitrary parametrization of the spectral roll-off . Vela 's broadband gamma-ray spectrum is equally well fit with both the exponential cut-off and the double power law shapes . +0 Micro-level ( household and small commercial ) demand-side grid flexibility could be a cost-effective strategy to integrate high penetrations of wind and solar energy , but literature and field deployments exploring the necessary information and communication technologies ( ICTs ) are scant . The increased penetration of uncertain and variable renewable energy presents various resource and operational electric grid challenges . +0 Next , we infer listing quality from the pixel-level information of listed images as quality features . We first define listing popularity through search clicks , favoriting and purchase activity . +1 We derive the exact analytical result for the tunneling density of states in the case of arbitrary single-particle energy spectrum . We find that , similar to the case of the isotropic exchange , the tunneling density of states as a function of energy has the maximum due to a finite value of the total spin of the ground state near the Stoner instability . +0 If the correlation length diverges , so do the estimators . If the correlation length is finite , the estimators stay finite for large system sizes . +1 Strong magnetic activity is expected for the late-type component ( a G dwarf star and post-T Tauri Star candidate ) . The system is unresolved in the ROSAT image . +1 To gain a better understanding of the systematic errors we have conducted the analysis with two different sets of stellar evolutionary tracks which we designate as Padova ( Girardi et al . 2000 ) and Teramo ( Pietrinferni et al.2004 ) . +1 The pi-A isotherms and molefraction versus area per molecule studies indicate complete immiscibility of sample ( BQ ) and matrix ( PMMA or SA ) molecules . This immiscibility may lead to the formation of microcrystalline aggregates of BQ molecules in the mixed LB films . +0 Such a transition may occur in spite of the high concentration of valence electrons . Analysis of experimental data shows that the metal -- insulator transition is possible in materials composed of atoms of only metallic elements . +0 Chang proved that any totally ordered $ MV $ -algebra $ A $ was isomorphic to the segment $ A \cong \Gamma ( A^* , u ) $ of a totally ordered $ l $ -group with strong unit $ A^* $ . In `` A new proof of the completeness of the Lukasiewicz axioms '' } ( Transactions of the American Mathematical Society , 88 ) C.C . +0 Here we report direct evidence for such a receding sublimation region through the near-IR interferometry of the brightest Type 1 AGN in NGC4151 . Such changes in radius have been indirectly probed by the measurements of the changes in the time lag between the near-IR and UV/optical light variation . +0 Applications were made at beam energies between 40 and 500 MeV for proton scattering from 40Ca and 208Pb . The study is based on applications of the full-folding optical model potential for an explicit treatment of the off-shell behavior of the nucleon-nucleon effective interaction . +1 This is achieved by limiting ourselves to straight pieces of string , surrounded by locally flat sections of space-time . Globally , however , the model is not finite , because solutions tend to generate infinite fractals . +1 We find a lower bound $ L $ on the number of colours such that Glauber dynamics is rapidly mixing if at least $ L $ colours are used . We give a closely-matching upper bound $ U $ on the number of colours such that with probability that tends to 1 , the Glauber dynamics mixes slowly on random $ \Delta $ -regular graphs when at most $ U $ colours are used . +0 To explore the resulting interplay between active and polymeric dynamics , we first generalise a linear stability analysis ( from earlier studies without polymer ) to derive criteria for the onset of spontaneous heterogeneous flows ( strain rate ) and/or deformations ( strain ) . We consider a continuum model of active viscoelastic matter , whereby an active nematic liquid-crystal is coupled to a minimal model of polymer dynamics with a viscoelastic relaxation time $ \tau_C $ . +1 We first review the work of the Syracuse group , which uses an effective chiral Lagrangian approach , on meson-meson scattering . An illustration providing evidence for the existence of a strange scalar resonance of mass around 900 MeV is given . +1 The distribution function results are compared with the des Cloizeaux form . Finally the S ( x ) data are compared with theoretical functions also derived from the des Cloizeaux expression for the distribution function . +0 By means of first principles simulation we study the magnetization density and the magnetic interaction between Fe atoms . In this study we explore , both from theoretical and experimental side , the effect of Fe doping in ZrO2 ( ZrO2 : Fe ) . +0 The popularity of the field as well as a substantial academic interest in linear systems with sparse solutions are in a significant part due to seminal results \cite { CRT , DonohoPol } . As is well known , these systems are among core mathematical problems of a very popular compressed sensing field . +1 The unique association of passive EROs with elliptical galaxies therefore appears to be too simplistic . We speculate on the evolution of EROJ003707 : if gas continues to cool onto this galaxy in the manner predicted by hierarchical galaxy formation models , then by the present day , EROJ003707 could evolve into a very luminous spiral galaxy . +0 We give an upper bound for the size of isospectral families in terms of the total edge length of the quantum graphs . We show that the minimum edge length is a spectral invariant . +0 In the steady state , comparison with an analytical solution shows good agreement . We test this scheme in pressure-driven 2D Poiseuille flow of the nonlinear generalized Maxwell fluid . +0 Generalizing a construction of Looijenga and Lunts one obtains possibly infinite dimensional Lie algebras attached to K\ '' ahler-Riemann foliations . Serre 's K\ '' ahlerian analogue of the Weil conjectures carries over as well . +0 ( 2009 ) ] to investigate the three dimensional flow of a colloidal glass , subject to a combination of simple shear and uniaxial compression . Motivated by these findings , we employ a recently developed schematic mode-coupling theory [ Brader \textit { et al . } +1 Given nontrivial finite transitive permutation groups $ L_1 $ and $ L_2 $ with $ L_1 $ not semiprimitive , we construct an infinite family of rank two amalgams of permutation type $ [ L_1 , L_2 ] $ and Borel subgroups of strictly increasing order . As an application , we show that there is no bound on the order of edge-stabilisers in locally $ [ L_1 , L_2 ] $ graphs . +0 With this model we can construct , for example , a system which evolves through an arbitrarily long succession of metastable phases . We introduce a simple nearest-neighbor spin model with multiple metastable phases , the number and decay pathways of which are explicitly controlled by the parameters of the system . +1 We study the problem of finding large cuts in $ d $ -regular triangle-free graphs . In prior work , Shearer ( 1992 ) gives a randomised algorithm that finds a cut of expected size $ ( 1/2 + 0.177/\sqrt { d } ) m $ , where $ m $ is the number of edges . +1 This process , known as polarization self-rotation ( PSR ) , has been suggested as a mechanism for producing squeezed light at atomic transition wavelengths . In this paper , we show results of the characterization of PSR in isotopically enhanced Rubidium-87 cells , performed in two independent laboratories . +1 We study the spherical collapse model in dark energy cosmologies , in which dark energy is modelled as a minimally coupled scalar field . We first follow the standard assumption that dark energy does not cluster on the scales of interest . +0 Many DM candidates naturally arise in theories beyond the standard model ( SM ) of particle physics , like weak-scale supersymmetry ( SUSY ) . Weakly interacting massive particles ( WIMPs ) are amongst the most interesting dark matter ( DM ) candidates . +0 I found that most stars have at least one planet at or within Earth 's orbit and that 26 % of Sun-like stars have an Earth-size planet with an orbital period of 100 days or less . This project involved writing new algorithms to analyze Kepler data , finding planets , and conducting follow-up work using ground-based telescopes . +1 Standard tests , in 1D plane parallel geometry and in the frame of the two-level atom model , with monochromatic scattering , are discussed . Rates of convergence between the previously mentioned iterative schemes are compared , as well as their respective timing properties . +1 These relations become exact at asymptotic energies and , provided the SUSY scale is not too heavy , they may be approximately correct at LHC energies also . In addition to these , we study the 1loop EW corrections to the inclusive $ \tilde d\tchi_i^+ $ production at LHC , presenting as examples , the $ p_T $ and angular distributions . +1 Operators are defined for transmitting information ( forces and velocities ) between these two representations . Most IB simulations represent their structures with piecewise-linear approximations and utilize Hookean spring models to approximate structural forces . +1 A common approach for characterizing the syntax of these complex syllable sequences is to use transition probabilities between the syllables . This is equivalent to the Markov model , in which each syllable is associated with one state , and the transition probabilities between the states do not depend on the state transition history . +0 Watermarking has variety of applications like : Copyright Protection , Owner Identification , Copy Protection and Data Hiding etc. , depending upon the type of watermark insertion algorithm . Insertion of a text message , audio data or/and an image into another image or 3D model is called as a watermarking process . +1 In these applications , an area $ a ( r ) $ is assigned to each rectangle $ r $ , and the actual area of $ r $ in $ \mathcal { L } $ is required to be $ a ( r ) $ . Moreover , some applications require that we use combinatorially equivalent rectangular layouts to represent multiple area assignment functions . +1 lattice percolation ) . Email contact : pesch @ amoco.saclay.cea.fr +0 This leads to the possibility of an agent not participating in the market for some time steps . Central to the emergence of minority dynamics is the introduction of the notion of price expectations for the agents . +1 Planetary nebulae had a double anniversary in 2014 , 250 year since their discovery and 150 year since the correct spectroscopic identification . This paper gives an overview of planetary nebula research published in 2014 . +0 It is argued that the quantum Kerr vacua undergo tunneling and lead to a five dimensional Kerr black hole in Einstein vacuum . The quantum vacua are described by a vanishing torsion in a gauge choice , underlying a geometric realization , on a non-BPS brane . +0 In this paper , the author extends the most-used rounding approach to a one-parametric optimization model for the quadratic assignment problems . It has many applications in Operations research and Computer Science . +0 A widespread use of plasmonic devices is notably hindered ( in addition to high losses ) by the absence of stable and inexpensive metal films suitable for plasmonic applications . Plasmonics has established itself as a branch of physics which promises to revolutionize data processing , improve photovoltaics , increase sensitivity of bio-detection . +1 Remarkably , $ 2^ { \lfloor \log_2 { k } \rfloor + 2 } $ symmetric Boolean functions on $ 2k $ variables with maximum algebraic immunity are constructed , which is much more than the previous constructions . Based on our construction , a lower bound of symmetric Boolean functions with algebraic immunity not less than $ d $ is derived , which is $ 2^ { \lfloor \log_2 { d } \rfloor + 2 ( k-d+1 ) } $ . +0 Finally , we compare our approach to existing methods using variablelength Markov models and cross-validated hidden Markov models , and show theoretically and experimentally that our method delivers results superior to the former and at least comparable to the latter . We discuss the reliability of CSSR , its data requirements , and its performance in simulations . +1 We model gravity waves in a VAL-C atmosphere , subject to a uniform , and arbitrarily orientated magnetic field , using the Newton cooling approximation for radiatively damped propagation . The results indicate that the mode conversion pathways identified in the adiabatic study are maintained in the presence of damping . +1 As an ingredient for the proof of our main result , we construct a new diagrammatic realization $ \overrightarrow { D } _ { k } $ of the Sergeev superalgebra $ Ser_ { k } $ . Finally , we give a presentation of $ \overrightarrow { B } _ { r , s } $ in terms of generators and relations . +0 Our result relies on the fact that the Lee-Yang zeros of the generating function for $ \ { E ( k ; J ) \ } $ -- - the probabilities of there being exactly $ k $ points in $ J $ -- - all lie on the negative real $ z $ -axis . This extends a previous result giving a weaker central limit theorem ( CLT ) for these systems . +0 In contrast to the previous study [ P. Sengupta { \it et.al . } , Phys.Rev.Lett . We investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the soft-core Bose-Hubbard model with the nearest-neighbor repulsion on a square lattice by using an unbiased quantum Monte Carlo method . +1 In recent years advanced technologies such as SOA and Cloud computing have been evolved to address integration problems . The Clouds enormous capacity with comparable low cost makes it an ideal platform for SOA deployment . +0 The existence of a 70-MeV quantum was postulated by Mac Gregor and was shown to fit the Nambu empirical mass formula mn = ( n/2 ) 137me , n a positive integer . It was previously shown that magnetic sources were responsible for the quantization of several mass-splittings in Mac Gregor 's model . +0 pseudo-Anosovs with orientable invariant foliations ) defined on an orientable closed surface of genus $ g $ . $ \delta_g^+ $ ) be the minimal dilatation of pseudo-Anosovs ( resp . +1 We consider the min-cost multicast problem ( under network coding ) with multiple correlated sources where each terminal wants to losslessly reconstruct all the sources . We study the inefficiency brought forth by the selfish behavior of the terminals in this scenario by modeling it as a noncooperative game among the terminals . +0 In this paper we develop a new approach , which is `` native '' to quasi-2D materials , making use of basis function that are periodic in the plane , but atomic-like in the perpendicular direction . The introduction of a periodicity in the third direction ( perpendicular to the layer ) is completely artificial and may lead in some cases to spurious results and to difficulties in treating the action of external fields . +0 Under this bijection , the Richardson orbit ( i.e.the dense orbit ) corresponds to the Delta-filtered module without self-extensions . The motivation for this is the bijection between parabolic orbits in the nilradical of a parabolic subgroup of SL_n and certain Delta-filtered modules for the Auslander algebra of k [ T ] /T^n as found by Hille and Roehrle and Bruestle et al . +1 The composition of ultra-high energy ( UHE ) cosmic rays E & gt ; 10^17 eV is still unknown . The observation of UHE photons would extend the observed electromagnetic spectrum to highest energy and open a new channel for multimessenger observations in the universe . +1 Protein folding is a case in point . We show that the action principle can be applied directly to study the stability of biological processes . +1 We study the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff ( DMT ) for the slow fading interference channel with a relay ( ICR ) . We derive four inner bounds on the DMT region : the first is based on the compress-and-forward ( CF ) relaying scheme , the second is based on the decode-and-forward ( DF ) relaying scheme , and the last two bounds are based on the half-duplex ( HD ) and full-duplex ( FD ) amplify-and-forward ( AF ) schemes . +1 We intend to predict the overall statistical properties of galaxies , with special emphasis on the panchromatic spectral energy distribution emitted by galaxies in the UV/optical and IR/submm wavelength ranges . In this paper , we outline the physically motivated assumptions and key free parameters that go into the model , comparing and contrasting with other parallel efforts . +1 Central to the emergence of minority dynamics is the introduction of the notion of price expectations for the agents . This leads to the possibility of an agent not participating in the market for some time steps . +0 In $ \textrm { CaFe } _2\textrm { As } _2 $ we identify the optical spin-density -- wave gap $ 2\Delta_ { \mathrm { SDW } } \approx1250\ \textrm { cm } ^ { -1 } $ . We report the complex dielectric function of high-quality $ A\textrm { Fe } _2\textrm { As } _2 $ , ( $ A $ =Ca , Sr , Ba ) single crystals with $ T_ { \mathrm { N } } \approx150\ \textrm { K } $ , $ 200\ \textrm { K } $ , and $ 138\ \textrm { K } $ , respectively , determined by broadband spectroscopic ellipsometry at temperatures $ 10\leq T\leq300\ \textrm { K } $ and wavenumbers from $ 100\ \textrm { cm } ^ { -1 } $ to $ 52000\ \textrm { cm } ^ { -1 } $ . +1 We continue our attempts to systematize baryons , which are composed of light quarks ( $ q=u , d $ ) , as quark -- diquark systems . The notion of two diquarks is used : ( i ) $ D^ { 1 } _ { 1 } $ , with the spin $ S_D=1 $ and isospin $ I_D=1 $ and ( ii ) $ D^ { 0 } _ { 0 } $ , with $ S_D=0 $ and $ I_D=0 $ . +0 The perturbation is in the form of viscous friction , which does not affect the static solutions to the unperturbed Klein-Gordon equation . We consider the linear stability problem for the static kink in 2D Klein-Gordon field taking into account spatially localized $ \mathcal { PT } $ -symmetric perturbation . +1 We exploit the knot insertion algorithm offered by NURBS ( Non Uniform Rational B-splines ) to generate cohesive elements along delamination planes in an automatic fashion . A complete computational framework is presented including pre-processing , processing and post-processing . +0 For energies less than about 3 GeV/n , the antideuteron spallation component becomes negligible and may be supplanted by a potential supersymmetric signal . Above a few GeV/n , a dozen spallation antideuterons should be collected by the future AMS experiment on board ISSA . +1 Resonances can occur between the axion mass term and the plasma frequency term as well as between the plasma frequency term and the vacuum Cotton-Mouton shift . Both resonances and non-resonant transitions could induce detectable features or even strong suppressions in finite energy intervals of gamma-ray spectra from active galactic nuclei . +0 Furthermore , we show that conformal algebra holds even in the system perturbed by the cosmological constant vertex operator as in the case of the Liouville theory shown by Curtright and Thorn . Short distance singularities of these operator products are computed and it is shown that their coefficients have physically correct sign . +0 Our calculations use a stochastic version of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert ( LLG ) equation , valid for finite temperatures well below the Curie critical temperature . We investigate the effect of temperature on the dynamic properties of magnetic vortices in small disks . +1 We call modules satisfying this condition Krull-Schmidt artinian . We prove that all direct sum decompositions of Krull-Schmidt artinian modules refine into finite indecomposable direct sum decompositions and we prove that this condition is strictly stronger than the condition of a module admitting finite indecomposable direct sum decompositions . +0 Using this approach , we engineer helical 1d edge conductors where the counterpropagating modes are localized in separate electron and hole layers by a tunable electric field . Here , we demonstrate a versatile platform to realize new 1d systems made by combining quantum Hall edge states of opposite chiralities in a graphene electron-hole bilayer . +1 We also establish clearly defined values for the smoothness parameter in the relation , finding its value to be at least 0.88 at all redshifts in our simulations . From our results , obtained by linking the simulation boxes back to source redshifts of 4 , we are able to observe the formation of structure in terms of the computed shear , and also note that the major contributions to the shear come from a very broad range of redshifts . +0 We point out the necessity of disentangling two form factors that contribute to the matrix element ; previous calculations did not make the separation , which led to an underestimate of the physical matrix elements . Our results cover all the matrix elements required to estimate the partial lifetimes of ( proton , neutron ) $ \to $ ( $ \pi , K , \eta $ ) + ( $ { \bar \nu } , e^+ , \mu^+ $ ) decay modes . +0 These are the ones needed to obtain the pole masses of the neutral and charged Higgs scalar bosons in supersymmetry , neglecting only the purely electroweak parts at two-loop order . This paper contains the contributions corresponding to the Feynman diagrams with zero or one vector propagator lines . +0 Our method can leverage input sparsity , yet produce approximations in { \em spectral } ( as opposed to the weaker Frobenius ) norm ; this combines the best aspects of otherwise disparate current results , but with a dependence on the condition number $ \kappa = \sigma_1/\sigma_r $ . Taking an approach different from existing literature , our method first involves a specific biased sampling , with an element being chosen based on the leverage scores of its row and column , and then involves weighted alternating minimization over the factored form of the intended low-rank matrix , to minimize error only on these samples . +0 In the present work Monte-Carlo simulations for quasi-elastic MIEZE experiments taking into account beam divergence as well as the sample dimensions are presented . Its limitations in terms of flight path differences have already been investigated analytically for neutron beams with vanishing divergence . +0 As the streams each span multiple constellations , we extend tradition and designate them the Acheron , Cocytos , Lethe , and Styx streams . The fourth stream is much broader , roughly 45 kpc distant , at least 53 degrees in length , and is most likely the tidal debris from a dwarf galaxy . +1 As a consequence , we show that all primes are completely prime in the generic case where the deformation parameter q is not a root of unity . There is a torus H that acts naturally on the quantum grassmannian and the cell decomposition of the set of H-primes leads to a parameterisation of the H-spectrum via certain diagrams on partitions associated to the Schubert cells . +1 The same ratios obtained from optically thin plasma atomic databases such as MEKAL , Chianti , and APEC are found to be discrepant , however , we find no convincing proof for resonance line scattering . Optical depths are basically identical for all kinds of stellar coronae and we conclude that identical optical depths are more probable when effects from resonant scattering are generally negligible . +1 Taken with the DEIMOS multi-object spectrograph on the Keck2 telescope , these data display a narrow velocity dispersion of 11+/-3 km/s , with a steady radial velocity gradient of 245 km/s over the 125 kpc radial extent of the stream studied so far . This implies that the Andromeda galaxy possesses a substantial dark matter halo . +1 Monte Carlo simulations using semiempirical interatomic potential , first-principles total energy calculations , and experimental spectroscopy are used . In order to obtain a general picture of the relation of the atomic interactions and properties of Fe-Cr alloys in bulk , surface , and interface regions several complementary methods has to be used . +0 We employ the sample of Giommi et al . We investigate quantitatively how the peak emission frequency of the overall energy spectrum is at work in distinguishing RBL-like and XBL-like objects . +1 In this paper , we study the polyhedral structure of an integrated minimum-up/-down time and ramping polytope , which has broad applications in variant industries . The polytope we studied includes minimum-up/-down time , generation ramp-up/-down rate , logical , and generation upper/lower bound constraints . +1 For detection , the molecules are converted back into atoms , again using the Feshbach resonance . The measured position of the molecules yields their magnetic moment . +0 By correlating extinction-free parameters , such as HI recombination lines and underlying continuum , it is possible to infer on the mechanism ( s ) responsible for their origin . Simultaneous photometric and spectroscopic observations are systematically carried out during outburst and quiescence periods . +1 Novel techniques are presented , which identify the chiral power-counting regime ( PCR ) , and realize the existence of an intrinsic energy scale embedded in lattice QCD results that extend outside the PCR . The nucleon mass is considered as a benchmark for illustrating this new approach . +1 We study the optical oscillations of supermodes in planar optical waveguide arrays with parabolically graded propagation constant in individual waveguide interacting through nearest neighbor couplings . In these arrays , we have identified a transition between a symmetric dipole oscillation ( DO ) and a symmetry-breaking Bloch oscillation ( BO ) under appropriate conditions . +1 Some traces of amoebas were appearing from time to time , even before the formal introduction , as auxiliary tools in several problems . After 1994 amoebas have been seen and studied in several areas of mathematics , from algebraic geometry and topology to complex analysis and combinatorics . +1 Gamma-ray astronomy has produced for several years now sky maps for low photon statistics , non-negligible background and comparatively poor angular resolution . Quantifying the significance of spatial features remains difficult . +0 In continuum limit , the suggested lattice diffusion equations with non-integer order differences give the diffusion equations with the Grunwald-Letnikov fractional derivatives for continuum . These lattice fractional diffusion equations contain difference operators that describe long-range jumps from one lattice site to other . +1 In this paper we discuss our new radio-selected gravitational lens sample , JVAS/CLASS , in order to test and constrain this proposition . We have obtained ground-based and HST images of all multiple-image lens systems in our sample and in 12 cases out of 12 we find the lensing galaxies in the optical and/or near infrared . +1 Hashtags provide users with a tagging mechanism to help organize , group , and create visibility for their posts . This is a simple idea but can be challenging for the user in practice which leads to infrequent usage . +0 We focus on plasma parameters similar to those found in the near-Earth solar wind , though most of our results are more broadly applicable . We include an imposed pitch-angle scattering rate , which is meant to approximate the effects of high frequency plasma waves and/or velocity space instabilities . +0 The tools involved in the study of associative algebras are presented and an algebraic method to characterize the usual Chern-Weil morphism is proposed . A 'noncommutative Maxwell ' model is built starting from non trivial fiber bundles thus requiring the development of the notion of Riemannian structure . +0 The effect of the block length on both the minimum bit energy and the snr value at which the minimum is achieved is investigated . It is shown that bit energy requirement grows without bound as the snr goes to zero , and the minimum bit energy is achieved at a nonzero snr value below which one should not operate . +0 We approach the classification of such spaces in the case $ \Gamma=Z_2^2 $ using recent results on the classification of complex $ Z_2^2 $ -graded simple Lie algebras . The general notion of a $ \Gamma $ -symmetric space was introduced by R.Lutz . +1 We characterize Cohen-Macaulay , l-Cohen-Macaulay , Buchsbaum , and Gorenstein* complexes X , and also orientable manifolds in terms of the enriched modules . We introduce the notion of girth for simplicial complexes and make a conjecture relating the girth to invariants of the simplicial complex . +1 We study thermal rectifying effect in two dimensional ( 2D ) systems consisting of the Frenkel Kontorva ( FK ) lattice and the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam ( FPU ) lattice . It is found that the rectifying effect is related to the asymmetrical interface thermal resistance . +0 It is shown that both diamagnetic and paramagnetic susceptibilities grow with inclination , while paramagnetic susceptibility is systematically much smaller than the diamagnetic one . Numerical values of the magnetic susceptibility for both the diamagnetic and paramagnetic contributions are reported for arbitrary orientations of the molecule in the magnetic field . +0 We present a complete solution of the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics from a 1/N-expansion of the two-particle-irreducible effective action at next-to-leading order , which includes scattering and memory effects . We study the real-time evolution of a self-interacting O ( N ) scalar field initially prepared in a pure quantum state . +0 \end { equation } These results are then used to estimate the crossover exponent $ \phi $ associated with the adsorption transition , giving \begin { equation } \phi = \cases { 0.496 \pm 0.009 , & amp ; \hbox { in two dimensions } ; \\ 0.505 \pm 0.006 , & amp ; \hbox { in three dimensions } . } The critical point is found to be located at \begin { equation } a_c^+ = \cases { 1.779 \pm 0.003 , & amp ; \hbox { in the square lattice } ; \\ 1.306 \pm 0.007 , & amp ; \hbox { in the cubic lattice } . } +1 We provide a non-perturbative and manifestly unitary framework that describes the cascade decay and yields the space-time evolution of the probabilities for sterile neutrinos , final states and the total number of events at a far detector . The results are general , valid for Dirac or Majorana neutrinos and only input the total decay rates and branching ratios for the production and decay channels . +0 The underlying branching mechanism is then either a binary branching model or one presenting infinite variance . Aiming at providing a comparative study of the spread of an epidemics whose dynamics is given by the modulus of a branching Brownian motion ( BBM ) we then consider spatial branching processes in dimension d , not necessarily integer . +1 In the paper , base on some ideas of this method , we introduce a new technique to solve the Cauchy problem for some LPDEs with the initial conditions consisting of some trigonometric series , power series and exponential series . Then many LPDEs which are not separable are solved , such as some second order elliptic equations , Stokes equations and so on . +0 Different quantitative experiments are proposed for studying Leonardo 's laws for friction . A qualitative introduction to friction is presented by proposing exploration of different kind of materials in order to suggest which aspects can be relevant and which interaction is involved . +1 We particularly stress the conditions that must be fulfilled for successful driving . Specifically , we discuss the roles of chemical peculiarity and strong magnetic field on the oscillation modes and what separates these pulsators from delta Scuti and Am-type stars . +0 It is our understanding of the under-lying physical processes and the measurements of critical physical parameters that allows us to address fundamental questions in astronomy and astrophysics . The impact of laboratory astrophysics ranges from the scientific conception stage for ground-based , airborne , and space-based observatories , all the way through to the scientific return of these projects and missions . +0 Moreover , we establish that both invariants are realizations of index theorems which can also be understood in terms of condensed matter physics . These invariants provide the classification of topological insulators with different symmetries in which K-theory plays an important role . +0 Diffusion cooperation schemes have been proposed to solve the distributed linear regression problem . This approach may be useful in several contexts including sensor networks . +0 A repair ( or possible world ) of an uncertain database is obtained by selecting a maximal number of tuples without ever selecting two distinct tuples with the same primary key value . A relational database is said to be uncertain if primary key constraints can possibly be violated . +1 We discuss both the elastic and rapid-thermalization limits , where the rate of inelastic scattering in the dot is either small or large compared with the elastic transition rate , respectively . In the elastic limit , we find several cases where a closed solution for the conductance is possible , including the case of a constant exchange interaction . +1 80 , 5782 ( 1998 ) ] , Bruder and Imry address the reentrance effect in proximity coupled normal-metal coated superconducting cylinders discovered by Mota et al . and challenging theoretical understanding to date . +1 The spatial process is assumed to satisfy some very general mixing conditions , generalizing classical time-series strong mixing concepts . The size of the rectangular domain I_n is allowed to tend to infinity at different rates depending on the direction in Z^N . +1 Then the principle may be called `` principle of geometricity . '' In relation to coordinate transformations , there had been confusions around such concepts as symmetry , covariance , invariance , and gauge transformations . +0 Moreover , we prove a parallel result of Mart\ ' { \i } nez \cite { Mar } that the ( p-RS ) for $ p & gt ; 2 $ , analogous to the trust region subproblem , can have at most one local non-global minimizer . In this paper , we resolve both the global and the local non-global minimizers of ( p-RS ) for $ p & gt ; 2 $ with necessary and sufficient optimality conditions . +1 The estimations of the sound velocity in the gas and the approximate pattern of cooling caused by the longitudinal expansion are also presented . It is shown that under such circumstances and with $ J/\Psi $ disintegration in nuclear matter added , $ J/\Psi $ suppression evaluated agrees well with NA38 and NA50 data . +1 For the first time all the light travel time effects ( LCTE ) are fully considered , along with a proper treatment of Compton cooling , which depends on them . We study a set of simple scenarios where the variability is produced by injection of relativistic electrons as a `shock front ' crosses the emission region . +0 No F160W dropouts are found ( z~12 ) . We find 15 candidate z~3 objects ( F300W dropouts ) , 1 candidate z~4 object ( F450W dropout ) and 16 candidate z $ \sim $ 5 objects ( F606W dropouts ) in the ~ 4.7 arcmin^2 WFPC-2 field , 4 candidate z~6 ( optical dropouts ) and 1 candidate z~8 ( F110W dropout ) in the 0.84 arcmin^2 NICMOS-3 field . +1 In particular , we plan to study the properties of the onset of deconfinement and to search for the signatures of the critical point . A two-dimensional scan of the phase diagram will be performed by varying the energy ( 13A-158A GeV ) and system size ( p+p , Be+Be , Ar+Ca , Xe+La ) of collisions . +0 Second , the isoenergetic curves in the space of momenta $ \vec \varkappa $ corresponding to these eigenfunctions have a form of slightly distorted circles with holes ( Cantor type structure ) . First , the eigenfunctions are close to plane waves $ e^ { i\langle \vec \varkappa , \vec x\rangle } $ at the high energy region . +1 The measured cross section sigma ( pp to ZZ ) = 6.24 [ +0.86/-0.80 ] ( stat . ) [ +0.41/-0.32 ] ( syst . ) +1 Contact networks can significantly change the course of epidemics , affecting the rate of new infections and the mean size of an outbreak . Despite this dependence , some characteristics of epidemics are not contingent on the contact network and are probably predictable based only on the pathogen . +0 QCPU and its realizations are scalable , that is , they can be connected together , and so they can construct the whole quantum network to implement the general quantum algorithm and quantum simulating procedure . QCPU is standard and easy-assemble because it only has two kinds of basic elements and two auxiliary elements . +1 The limit metric gives rise to a tree structure decomposition , where each node in the tree represents a limit metric of a subsequence at that stage while the edge of the tree structure represents the neck on the process of blowing up . We also show that the number of the nodes which have more than three edges attached is finite . +0 However , stability for modes of higher order ( $ n\geq 2 $ ) is found to be non-trivially dependent on the values of the characteristic propagation velocity , $ c $ say , of longitudinal perturbations and of the corresponding extrinsic perturbation velocity , $ v $ say . In the case of a circular equilibrium ( i.e.vorton ) state of a closed string loop it is shown that the fundamental axisymmetric ( $ n=0 $ ) and lowest order ( $ n=1 $ ) nonaxisymmetric perturbation modes can never be unstable . +1 There are some standing paradoxes in the literature regarding relations among ( p , q ) -webs , toric diagrams and various phases of the gauge theories , we resolve them by proposing and carefully distinguishing between two kinds of ( p , q ) -webs : toric and quiver ( p , q ) -webs . The former has a one to one correspondence with the toric diagram while the latter can correspond to multiple gauge theories . +0 The flux decreases slowly with distance in a universal manner that is determined by the absolute value of the neutrino mass and energy . This term is positive definite and leads excess to the neutrino flux over the in-coherent value at macroscopic distance of near detector region . +1 Application of tetragonal distortion lowers the energy with respect to the cubic phase for all the materials . The equilibrium volumes of both the phases are nearly same . +1 Therefore , if we reduce CNFSAT to HornSAT , we must make such partially ordered set in HornSAT . But CNFSAT have correlations of each clauses , the partially ordered set is not in polynomial size . +0 What is the composition of our universe ? Cosmology indeed enjoys such an exciting epoch . +1 In this paper , we propose an improved DFT-based channel estimation scheme that tries to clean the reference signals in the time domain before being used for interpolation using the estimated noise variance from reference signals on multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ( OFDM ) symbols via the property of DFT . The proposed channel estimation scheme does not need any priori channel information . +1 As a follow up , here we used the Hubble Space Telescope to investigate the existence of one of these candidate planets , UCF-1.01 , by searching for two transit signals as it passed in front of its host star . Interpretation of the data hinges critically on correctly modeling and removing the WFC3 instrument systematics from the light curves . +1 In January 22 , 2002 , KamLAND started the data-taking . The KamLAND detector is a complicated system which consists of liquid scintillator , buffer oil , spherical balloon and so on . +1 This graph functional originated from the problem of source coding in information theory and was introduced by J. K\ '' { o } rner in 1973 . Although the notion of graph entropy has its roots in information theory , it was proved to be closely related to some classical and frequently studied graph theoretic concepts . +0 We use renormalization group to study their effects on low-energy properties of the system , and show that the two quadratic Fermi points spontaneously split into four Dirac points , at zero temperature . We show that as a result of this qualitative difference from single-layer graphene , short-range ( or screened Coulomb ) interactions are marginally relevant . +1 Samples of simulated clusters include star formation with supernovae feedback , radiative cooling , and simulation in the adiabatic limit at three different redshifts , z = 0.0 , 0.10 , and 0.25 . The optical sample contains 208 ACO clusters within redshift , $ z \leq 0.25 $ . +0 This difference is substantial because it leads to new gauge and diff anomalies , which are necessary to combine background independence with locality . QJT differs from QFT since it involves a new datum : the expansion point . +0 PQCA are QCA of a particular form , where incoming information is scattered by a fixed unitary U before being redistributed and rescattered . This intrinsically universal QCA belongs to the simplest subclass of QCA : Partitioned QCA ( PQCA ) . +0 The Higgs mass parameter is generated at one loop level by two different , moderately fine-tuned sources of the global symmetry breaking . We propose a novel mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking in supersymmetric models , as the one recently discussed by Birkedal , Chacko and Gaillard , in which the Standard Model Higgs doublet is a pseudo-Goldstone boson of some global symmetry . +0 All fields including the gravitational field are initially simplified by expanding each in terms of the respective homogeneity or inhomogeneity . Due to this the frequency of parametric resonance becomes time dependent , making the reheating process especially effective . +1 Such flows are often experimentally unstable even in the absence of a linear instability . The transition to turbulence in these systems , as well as the large linear transient amplification of initial disturbances , may depend upon the non-self-adjoint nature of the differential operator that describes the dynamics of perturbations to the background state . +0 In particular , we show that a complex $ T $ is Wakamatsu-silting if and only if its dual $ DT $ is Wakamatsu-silting . Characterizations of Wakamatsu-silting complexes are given . +0 All dangerous supersymmetric flavour-changing contributions are naturally suppressed in a general case , independently of the concrete texture for fermion mass matrices . We show that under very simple and natural assumption it links the sfermion mass pattern to those of fermions in a remarkable way . +1 In this communication , we show that the resonances can be derived by shifted Gaussian functions , whereas the unspecific nuclear interaction compounds can be represented by an error function , which also provides the asymptotic behavior . The energy shifts can be interpreted in terms of necessary domains of energy to excite typical nuclear processes . +0 We model the scintillations using the NE2001 Galactic electron model assuming the sources are brightness-limited . We characterize the ISS variation by an rms amplitude and a timescale and examine the statistics of these parameters for the 121 sources with significant ISS at 2 GHz . +1 It turns out that good performance in the `` classic '' case provides no performance guarantees when memory capacity fluctuates : roughly speaking , moving from static to dynamic capacity can mean the difference between optimality within a factor 2 in space and time , and suboptimality by an arbitrarily large factor . More precisely , adopting the competitive analysis framework , we show that some online paging algorithms , despite having an optimal ( h , k ) -competitive ratio when capacity remains constant , are not ( 3 , k ) -competitive for any arbitrarily large k in the presence of minimal capacity fluctuations . +1 However , the original algorithm presents some limitations such as noise sensitivity and its lack of rotational invariance which have led to many proposals or extensions in order to overcome such limitations . In this paper we performed a quantitative study of the Ojala 's original LBP proposal together with other recently proposed LBP extensions in the presence of rotational , illumination and noisy changes . +1 This paper addresses the distributed attitude synchronization problem of multiple spacecraft with unknown inertia matrices . Two distributed adaptive controllers are proposed for the cases with and without a virtual leader to which a time-varying reference attitude is assigned . +1 The cut-off line between the two behaviours occurs at $ L_\mathrm { bol } \sim 10^ { 38 } $ erg s $ ^ { -1 } $ as previously proposed by \citet { BSC97 } . The distinction between single and binary stars is not clear cut , except for the colliding wind system HD 152248 . +0 Despite the near ubiquity of structural variants , major questions about their interaction with natural selection remain . Recent work has shown that structural variants ( insertions , deletions , inversions and transpositions ) are a major source of genetic variation , often out-numbering single nucleotide variants in terms of total bases affected . +0 Building upon this observation and previous work by Horowitz , Maldacena and Strominger , we formulate a microscopic brane-antibrane model for the non-extremal black three-brane in ten dimensions ( as well as for the black two- and five-branes in eleven dimensions ) . We also show that , at a sufficiently large temperature , the open string vacuum becomes stable . +1 Here we present studies of fluctuations in facial electromyography ( fEMG ) and electrodermal activity ( EDA ) massive time series and changes of such signals in the course of emotional stimulation . Zygomaticus major ( ZYG , `` smiling '' muscle ) activity , corrugator supercilii ( COR , `` frowning '' bmuscle ) activity , and phasic skin conductance ( PHSC , sweating ) levels of 65 participants were recorded during experiments that involved exposure to emotional stimuli ( i.e. , IAPS images , reading and writing messages on an artificial online discussion board ) . +1 The current models approximate the nanostructure as a thermal bath . We prove that the multireflections of heat carriers in the nanostructure significantly increase resistance in contradiction with former predictions . +0 Both resonances and non-resonant transitions could induce detectable features or even strong suppressions in finite energy intervals of gamma-ray spectra from active galactic nuclei . Resonances can occur between the axion mass term and the plasma frequency term as well as between the plasma frequency term and the vacuum Cotton-Mouton shift . +1 We combine the large-scale structure data with measurements of the cosmic microwave background from the Planck surveyor . After parameterising the modification of the action using the Compton wavelength parameter $ B_0 $ , we constrain this parameter using ISiTGR , assuming an initial non-informative log prior probability distribution of this cross-over scale . +1 Topological insulators ( TIs ) are a recently discovered class of materials having insulating bulk electronic states but conducting boundary states distinguished by nontrivial topology . So far , several generations of TIs have been theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed , all based on inorganic materials . +0 This allows one to compute the stability thresholds of the homogeneous state , which turn out to depend on the mode number . This equation can be linearized around the homogeneous state and a dispersion relation , that depends explicitly on the Fourier modes of the lattice , can be derived . +1 Namely , $ \mathbb { G } ( i , j ) = \pi_j \left ( \sum_ { k \in V } \pi_k H ( k , j ) - H ( i , j ) \right ) $ where $ \pi_i $ is the stationary distribution at vertex $ i $ and $ H ( i , j ) $ is the expected hitting time for a random walk starting from vertex $ i $ to first reach vertex $ j $ . This formula also holds for the digraph Laplace operator . +0 With spatial resolutions that can be of order of 0.1-1.0 arcsec or better , the extragalactic point-sources will appear isolated . This paper deals with the detection problem of extragalactic point-sources in multi-frequency , microwave sky maps that will be obtainable in future cosmic microwave background radiation ( CMB ) experiments with instruments capable of very high spatial resolution . +1 As a result , Zeeman observations tend to sample the outer layers of the core and consistently underestimate the core magnetic field . The degree of ionization follows a complicated dependence on the number density at central densities up to 10^5 cm^ { -3 } for magnetic models and 10^6 cm^ { -3 } in non-magnetic models . +0 The existence of these metrics are well established by the above theories . It turnes out that any Berwald metric is a perturbed-Cartesian product of Riemannian , Minkowski , and such non-Riemannian metrics which can be constructed on irreducible symmetric manifolds of $ rank & gt ; 1 $ . +0 In this second paper utilizing the U.S . We present 474 new proper motion stellar systems in the southern sky having no previously known components , with 0.40 '' yr^-1 & gt ; mu & gt ; = 0.18 '' yr^-1 between declinations -47 deg and 00 deg . +1 We measure both a characteristic size of the emission region and the emission sizes for individual pulses . Our results imply that the radio emission altitude for the Vela pulsar at this frequency is less than 340 km . +0 Specailly we predict the possibility of large direct CP violation effects in $ B^0 \to \pi^ { + } \pi^ { - } $ $ ( 23\pm7 % ) $ and $ B^0\to K^ { + } \pi^ { - } $ $ ( -17\pm5 % ) $ . We show numerical results which are compatible with present experimantal data for the charmless B-meson decays . +1 For the first time , we account for the non-ideal effects in a consistent way directly inside the line profile calculations . The Hummer & amp ; Mihalas theory is used to describe the non-ideal effects due to perturbations on the absorber from protons and electrons . +0 It relies on a careful choice of the discretized macroscopic velocity $ v $ in order to give a sense to the product $ v \rho $ . A numerical discretization is proposed for which the convergence towards duality solutions of the aggregation equation is proved . +0 Higher-metallicity progenitors are more neutron-rich , producing more stable burning products relative to radioactive 56Ni . Timmes , Brown & amp ; Truran found that metallicity variations could theoretically account for a 25 % variation in the mass of 56Ni synthesized in Type Ia supernovae ( SNe Ia ) , and thus account for a large fraction of the scatter in observed SN Ia luminosities . +0 The spiral pattern persists for very weak non-axisymmetries of the potential . We find that embedded bars in resonant coupling are unlikely to increase the inflow , but for certain gas parameters in a single bar , inflow to the center develops in a spiral shock , similar to the patterns observed in nuclear discs of real galaxies . +1 We distinguish three semantics for counter reachability games , according to what happens when a counter value would become negative : the edge is either disabled , or enabled but the counter value becomes zero , or enabled . We consider the problem of deciding the winner in counter reachability games and show that , in most cases , it has the same complexity under all semantics . +1 Pulsations were found from analysis of high time resolution spectra obtained with the ESO Very Large Telescope using a cross correlation method for wide spectral bands , from lines belonging to rare earth elements and from the H alpha core . Pulsation amplitudes reach more than 200 m/s for some lines in HD69013 with a period of 11.4 min and about 100m/s in HD96237 with periods near 13.6 min . +1 Several bright OB stars in W40 - visible at optical , infrared , or cm wavelengths - are providing the ionizing flux that heats the HII region . The known stellar component of W40 is dominated by a small number of partly or fully embedded OB stars which have been studied at various wavelengths , but the lower mass stellar population remains largely unexamined . +1 Our ability to induce a collapse by switching the interactions from repulsive to attractive by tuning an externally-applied magnetic field yields a wealth of detailed information on the violent collapse process . We observe anisotropic atom bursts that explode from the condensate , atoms leaving the condensate in undetected forms , spikes appearing in the condensate wave function , and oscillating remnant condensates that survive the collapse . +0 Finally , we exhibit how standard brane moves that result to 3d Seiberg duality , translate in our setup to a generalized level-rank duality in gauged-WZW models . Extending the analysis of previous works on the subject of boundary conditions in ( supersymmetric ) Chern-Simons theory , we discuss in detail the field theory construction of a large class of Chern-Simons domain wall theories and its embedding in open string dynamics . +1 A model is developed to study the effectiveness of innovation and its impact on structure creation and structure change on agent-based societies . The abstract model that is developed is easily adapted to any particular field . +1 We perform a cross-section analysis and show that present limits on some products of R-parity violating couplings in the sneutrino sector can be significantly improved in future upgraded Fermilab Tevatron runs . Furthermore , we introduce CP-violating and CP-conserving \tau-spin asymmetries which are generated already at the TREE-LEVEL in the reaction p \bar p - & gt ; sneutrino - & gt ; \tau^+ \tau^- +X if there is muon-sneutrino - \bar muon-sneutrino mixing and that vanish in the SM . +1 We study the phase diagram of a system of spherical particles interacting in three dimensions through a potential consisting of a strict hard core plus a linear repulsive shoulder at larger distances . The phase diagram ( obtained numerically , and analytically in a limiting case ) shows anomalous properties that are similar to those observed in water . +1 It is therefore straightforward to partition the full N-particle Hilbert space into active and inactive parts to implement the frozen-orbital method . In the frozen-core approximation , for example , the core electrons can be eliminated in the correlated part of the calculations , greatly increasing the computational efficiency , especially for heavy atoms . +0 It is found that these solutions are well approximated by a truncated series of hyperbolic secants . First , using a fixed point iteration scheme , we numerically integrate the equation to find solitary waves . +0 The one-zone SSC model can describe reasonably well the SED of each day for the 13 consecutive days . Flux variability was remarkable in the X-ray and VHE bands while it was minor or not significant in the other bands . +1 We report the pressure dependence of all the Raman-active first-order phonons of the tetragonal scheelite phase ( BaWO4-I , space group I41/a ) , which is stable at normal conditions . As pressure increases the Raman spectrum undergoes significant changes around 6.9 GPa due to the onset of the structural phase transition to the monoclinic BaWO4-II phase ( space group P21/n ) . +1 In order to put constraints on their bispectra , a logical first step is to put these into factorized form which can be achieved via the recently proposed method of polynomial basis expansion on the tetrahedral domain . We investigate the viability of such an expansion for the oscillatory bispectra and find that one needs an increasing number of or- thonormal mode functions to achieve significant correlation between the expansion and the original spectrum as a function of their frequency . +0 Around the phase transition points , we find a correspondence between the value of the scalar field at the tip and the scalar operator at infinity . With analytical methods , we obtain the exact expression for the critical chemical potential as $ \mu_ { c } = 1 + \sqrt { 1+m^2 } $ , which has also been generalized to higher dimensions as $ \mu_c \thickapprox a + \sqrt { m^2-m_ { BF } ^2 } $ in this work . +1 Partly to cure them , we present several arguments for `` $ F $ -Theory '' , enlarging spacetime to $ ( 2 , 10 ) $ signature , following the original suggestion of C. Vafa . We introduce a suggestive Supersymmetric 27-plet of particles , associated to the exceptional symmetric hermitian space $ E_ { 6 } /Spin^ { c } ( 10 ) $ . +1 We calculate the quantum Cram\'er -- Rao bound for the sensitivity with which one or several parameters , encoded in a general single-mode Gaussian state , can be estimated . This includes in particular the interesting case of mixed Gaussian states . +1 As images from the EINSTEIN and ROSAT satellites have shown , the outer ejecta is also visible in soft X-rays , while the central source is present in the harder X-ray bands . With our CHANDRA observations we show that the morphology and properties of the X-ray nebula are the result of shocks from fast clumps in the outer ejecta moving into a pre-existing denser circumstellar medium . +0 We also show that applying both the above relaxations simultaneously to $ IC_\infty $ gives a complexity measure that is lower-bounded by the ( log of ) relaxed partition complexity , a complexity measure introduced by Kerenidis et al . ( FOCS 2012 ) . Further understanding $ IC_\infty $ might have consequences for important direct-sum problems in communication complexity , as it lies between communication complexity and information complexity . +0 We perform simulations in the chirally symmetric phase at zero quark mass for various system sizes L , and measure the torelon mass and the Dirac spectrum . This chirally symmetric phase appears to be analytically connected with the expected conformal window of many-flavor continuum QCD . +0 On the other hand , the detailed analysis of the electronic excitations detected in the optical conductivity , provides direct evidence for a charge disproportionated electronic ground-state , at least on a locale scale : A consistent interpretation of both structural and optical conductivity data requires an asymmetrical charge distribution on each rung , without any long range order . In the high temperature undistorted phase , we find good agreement with the recently proposed centrosymmetric space group Pmmn . +1 These weighted multiplicities appear naturally in the Selberg trace formula , and in particular their mean square plays an important role in the study of statistics of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian on the surface . In the case of the modular domain , E. Bogomolny , F. Leyvraz and C. Schmit gave a formula for the mean square , which was rigorously proved by M. Peter . +1 We use the spin angular momentum representation to describe formally the nonlinear operators that produce the spin squeezing . The quantitative and qualitatively characterization of the spin squeezing phenomena is performed through a squeezing parameter and squeezing angle developed for the two-mode BEC system , and , as well , by the Wigner quasi-probability distribution function . +1 Here we show that it is possible to describe all of these effects in a unified way , mapping each system onto a simple resonator model . Such description provides a thorough understanding of the phenomena , explains all the main features of their complex behaviour , and enables to control the system via the resonator parameters : eigenfrequencies , Q-factors , and coupling coefficients . +1 Stochastic modeling of reaction networks is a framework used to describe the time evolution of many natural and artificial systems , including , biochemical reactive systems at the molecular level , viral kinetics , the spread of epidemic diseases , and wireless communication networks , among many other examples . In this work , we present a novel multilevel Monte Carlo method for kinetic simulation of stochastic reaction networks that is specifically designed for systems in which the set of reaction channels can be adaptively partitioned into two subsets characterized by either `` high '' or `` low '' activity . +1 The time correlation between successive channel gains is exploited to improve the estimation and tracking capabilities of adaptive algorithms and provide robustness against time-varying channels . Bidirectional normalized least mean-square and conjugate gradient algorithms are devised along with adaptive mixing parameters that adjust to the time-varying channel correlation properties . +1 The Walsh transform $ \widehat { Q } $ of a quadratic function $ Q : F_ { p^n } \rightarrow F_p $ satisfies $ |\widehat { Q } ( b ) | \in \ { 0 , p^ { \frac { n+s } { 2 } } \ } $ for all $ b\in F_ { p^n } $ , where $ 0\le s\le n-1 $ is an integer depending on $ Q $ . In this article , we study the following three classes of quadratic functions of wide interest . +1 The Hamiltonian is determined by a choice of graph that specifies the geometry in which the particles move and interact . We prove that approximating the ground energy of the Bose-Hubbard model on a graph at fixed particle number is QMA-complete . +1 The most extreme starbursts occur in galaxy mergers , and it is now acknowledged that dynamical triggering has a primary importance in star formation . This triggering is due partly to the enhanced velocity dispersion provided by gravitational instabilities , such as density waves and bars , but mainly to the radial gas flows they drive , allowing large amounts of gas to condense towards nuclear regions in a small time scale . +1 However , context-aware applications do not always behave as user 's desire , and can cause users to feel dissatisfied with unexpected actions . To solve these problems , context-aware systems must provide mechanisms to adapt automatically when the context changes significantly . +0 Regarding cohomological dimensions , we show that the cohomological dimension of a free Clifford monoid and that of its maximum group image agree and are equal to one . For instance , we prove that an inverse monoid $ S $ is of type $ FP_ { \infty } $ , if and only if it contains a minimal idempotent and its maximum group image is of the same type . +1 We show that the Cyg X-1 spectrum accumulated by OSSE , BATSE , and COMPTEL in 1991 -- 95 , as well as the HEAO-3 gamma1 and gamma2 spectra can be well fitted by our model . The derived parameters are in qualitative agreement with the picture in which the spectral changes are governed by the mass flow rate in the accretion disc . +0 The fully discrete , fully second-order finite difference scheme in question was derived in a recent work [ 2 ] . In this paper we provide a detailed convergence analysis for an unconditionally energy stable , second-order accurate convex splitting scheme for the Modified Phase Field Crystal equation , a generalized damped wave equation for which the usual Phase Field Crystal equation is a special degenerate case . +0 In these arrays , we have identified a transition between a symmetric dipole oscillation ( DO ) and a symmetry-breaking Bloch oscillation ( BO ) under appropriate conditions . We study the optical oscillations of supermodes in planar optical waveguide arrays with parabolically graded propagation constant in individual waveguide interacting through nearest neighbor couplings . +1 These systems arise in ergodic mean-field game theory , and describe Nash equilibria of games with a large number of agents aiming at aggregation . We show how the dimension of the state space , the behavior of the coupling and the Hamiltonian at infinity affect the existence and non-existence of regular solutions . +0 This allows us to put all correlations on an equal footing . We discuss the problem of the separation of total correlations in a given quantum state into entanglement , dissonance , and classical correlations using the concept of relative entropy as a distance measure of correlations . +1 In particular , the real locus of the Schubert curve is naturally a covering space of $ \mathbb { RP } ^1 $ , with $ \omega $ as the monodromy operator . We provide a local algorithm for computing $ \omega $ without rectifying the skew tableau , and show that certain steps in our algorithm are in bijective correspondence with Pechenik and Yong 's genomic tableaux , which enumerate the $ K $ -theoretic Littlewood-Richardson coefficient associated to the Schubert curve . +0 It has been shown that due to polariton-polariton scattering a significant condensate depletion takes place in a comparatively short time interval . Time evolution of a nonequilibrium polariton condensate has been studied in the framework of a microscopic approach . +1 We give an algorithm to list all the chambers and other strata ( this is independent of $ d $ ) . With the help of a computer , we obtain the list of all the chambers for $ m\leq 9 $ and all the strata when $ m\leq 8 $ . +1 The resulting measure \mu_j is defined on configurations \sigma= ( \sigma ( x ) ) _ { x\in V } \in A^V , where A is some finite set . Let \mu_j^n denote the restriction of \mu to the sigma-algebra generated by the variables \sigma ( x ) , where x is at distance exactly n from \rho . +0 The key ingredients are gas , stars , black holes ( BHs ) , self-gravity , star formation , and stellar feedback . We use multi-scale SPH simulations to follow the inflow of gas from galactic scales to & lt ; 0.1pc , where the gas begins to resemble a traditional Keplerian accretion disk . +1 A pure quantum VQ encoding algorithm with probability of success near 100 % has been proposed , that performs operations 45sqrt ( N ) times approximately . In this paper , a hybrid quantum VQ encoding algorithm between classical method and quantum algorithm is presented . +1 We study the set -- theoretic combinatorics underlying the following two algebraic phenomena . ( 1 ) A subgroup G leq Z^omega exhibits the Specker phenomenon iff every homomorphism G to Z maps almost all unit vectors to 0 . +1 In the model , both ions interact with several resonant modes . When one of these modes dominates , the acceleration rate is reduced considerably . +0 The lambda mean field potential is investigated which is consistent with other predictions . The extra nucleon-meson coupling ( $ g_\delta $ ) affects the every piece of physical observables , like binding energy , radii and single particle energy of hypernuclei . +1 By using help of algebraic operad theory , Leibniz algebra theory and symplectic-Poisson geometry are connected . We introduce the notion of cohomological vector field defined on nongraded symplectic plane . +1 In addition , one should also show that any such element satisfies some sort of regularity , that it be a sufficiently smooth manifold away from a well-behaved singular set . The choices apparent in making this question precise lead to a great many different versions of the problem . +1 2003 ) which allowed us to obtain the space speed , width and source location . We apply this technique to obtain the parameters of all full HCMEs observed by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory ( SOHO ) mission 's Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph ( LASCO ) experiment until the end of 2002 . +1 We present 474 new proper motion stellar systems in the southern sky having no previously known components , with 0.40 '' yr^-1 & gt ; mu & gt ; = 0.18 '' yr^-1 between declinations -47 deg and 00 deg . In this second paper utilizing the U.S . +0 Thoroughly examining current flavor constraints we find that non-minimal flavor structures can have a sizeable impact , but tend to predict moderate production rates . We evaluate the LHC discovery potential in the light of flavor physics , in the single-Higgs production channel and in association with a hard jet for small and moderate values of tan beta . +0 We proved that an orthoalgebra admits cloning operation if and only if it is a Boolean algebra . In this approach , an orthoalgebra is considered as a general structure for propositions in a physical theory . +0 Here , we report on detailed studies of pulsar B0943+10 , whose nearly coherent sequences of `` drifting '' subpulses have permitted us to identify their origin as a system of subbeams that appear to circulate around the star 's magnetic axis . The `` drifting '' subpulses exhibited by some radio pulsars have fascinated both observers and theorists for 30 years , and have been widely regarded as one of the most critical and potentially insightful aspects of their emission . +1 We measure the three components of velocity dispersion , $ \sigma_ { R } , \sigma_ { \theta } , \sigma_ { \phi } $ , for stars within 6 & lt ; R & lt ; 30 kpc of the Milky Way using a new radial velocity sample from the MMT telescope . We combine our measurements with previously published data so that we can more finely sample the stellar halo . +1 Before we combine actions and probabilities two very obvious questions should be asked . Firstly , what does `` the probability of an action '' mean ? +1 Employing artificial-star tests , we develop a simple method that can efficiently measure the probabilities of stellar blends and superpositions from the observed stellar catalog . We create synthetic color-magnitude diagrams matching the fundamental parameters of NGC 1818 , with different binary fractions and mass-ratio distributions . +1 In this paper we propose a general framework in which to model belief change . We begin by defining belief in terms of knowledge and plausibility : an agent believes p if he knows that p is more plausible than its negation . +1 The use of free fields in the pure spinor formalism is justified from the first principle . The basic idea works also for the superparticle in 11 dimensions . +1 We examine pulsar template generation with Bayesian methods . We will contrast the classical generation mechanism of averaging intensity profiles with a new approach based on Bayesian inference . +1 Middlebox functionalities are usually deployed on expensive and proprietary hardware that require trained personnel for deployment and maintenance . Middleboxes contribute significantly to a network 's capital and operational costs . +1 60 GHz millimeter wave transmission will scale the speed of WLANs and WPANs to 6.75 Gbit/s over distances less than 10 meters . This technology is the first of its kind and will eliminate the need for cable around personal computers , docking stations , and other consumer electronic devices . +1 We demonstrate that this is a generic consequence of the `` geometric Higgs mechanism '' ( GHM ) , manifested via Kaluza-Klein equivalence theorem ( KK-ET ) . We further show that the presence of many gauge KK states below the UV cutoff scale imposes strong bounds on the highest KK level ( N_KK ) . +1 It is found that the density profile is weakly affected by the edge density , it broadens when the current or the temperature are decreased while the connection length has the opposite effect . The statistics of the turbulence is relatively insensitive to variations of all the edge parameters and show a certain degree of universality . +0 We show that for short time $ t $ , the probability distribution $ P ( H , t ) $ of the height $ H $ at a given point $ x $ takes the scaling form $ P ( H , t ) \sim \exp { \left ( -\Phi_ { \rm drop } ( H ) /\sqrt { t } \right ) } $ where the rate function $ \Phi_ { \rm drop } ( H ) $ is computed exactly . We consider the early time regime of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang ( KPZ ) equation in $ 1+1 $ dimensions in curved ( or droplet ) geometry . +0 We establish a fiberwise criterion for the semisimplicity and Frobenius semisimplicity of the direct image complex under a proper morphism of varieties over a finite field . This article concerns properties of mixed $ \ell $ -adic complexes on varieties over finite fields , related to the action of the Frobenius automorphism . +1 The `` basic '' such solutions describe either N fundamental strings or N D4-branes expanding into a D6-brane , with topology M^2 x S^5 or M^5 x S^2 respectively . Treating these solutions in a unified way , we note that they allow for precisely two values of the radius of the relevant sphere , and that the solution with the smaller value of the radius has the lower energy . +1 The study reveals that the damping of the medium has strong effect in the propagation of torsional wave . Since every medium has damping so it is more realistic to use the damped wave equation instead of the undamped wave equation . +0 Methods : In order to calculate hadronic signatures from cosmic ray-induced ionization for an examination of the origin of the observed gamma rays , the transport equation for cosmic ray protons propagating in a molecular cloud , including the relevant momentum loss processes , is solved analytically and the proton flux at any position in the cloud is determined . The detection of hadronic ionization signatures in spatial coincidence with gamma ray signatures can help to unambiguously identify supernova remnants as sources of cosmic ray protons . +1 Controlling electrons at the level of elementary charge $ e $ has been demonstrated experimentally already in the 1980 's . Ever since , producing an electrical current $ ef $ , or its integer multiple , at a drive frequency $ f $ has been in a focus of research for metrological purposes . +0 In this way , we show that there are some sequences , which have an absolute native state . Using these results we exactly enumerate the native states of all proteins for a wide range of energy parameters . +0 For observations made with a moderate beamsize ( ~18 '' ) , this technique identifies ~85 per cent of SMG counterparts . We demonstrate that the technique is free of radio bias and thus applicable regardless of radio detections . +0 We find that the network robustness is only improved above a critical cooperation range . We swap a series of links within a certain distance , a cooperation range , while following typical constraints of spatially embedded networks . +1 We consider non-Abelian 1/2 BPS flux tubes ( strings ) in a deformed N=2 supersymmetric gauge theory , with mass terms mu_ { 1,2 } of the adjoint fields breaking N=2 down to N=1 . The main feature of the non-Abelian strings is the occurrence of orientational moduli associated with the possibility of rotations of their color fluxes inside a global SU ( N ) group . +0 We then apply this characterization to obtain new results concerning the event of explosion in infinite randomly weighted spherically-symmetric trees , answering a question of Pemantle and Peres . \ ] We consider a class of infinite randomly weighted trees related to the Poisson-weighted infinite tree , and determine precisely which trees in this class have linear growth almost surely . +1 In this paper we will show how ML techniques can be used to support knowledge acquisition for information extraction systems . It is often very difficult to specify an explicit domain model for many information extraction applications , and it is always labor intensive to implement hand-coded heuristics for each new domain . +0 Email contact : pesch @ amoco.saclay.cea.fr lattice percolation ) . +1 We consider the effect of self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation on the joint spectral amplitude of photon pairs generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing . In particular , the purity of a heralded photon from a pair is considered , in the context of schemes that aim to maximise the purity and minimise correlation in the joint spectral amplitude using birefringent phase-matching and short pump pulses . +0 We find that the enclosed total mass within 2.5 R_e is well constrained to within 10 % . Combined with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo ( MCMC ) simulation , we recover the projected root-mean-square velocity ( V_rms ) field of the stellar component , and investigate constraints on the stellar mass-to-light ratio , M^*/L , and the fraction of dark matter f_ { DM } within 2.5 effective radii ( R_e ) . +1 An explicit expression for the hyper-Raman scattering efficiency is derived , which is valid for incident two-photon energy close to the exciton resonances . The dipole selection rules for optical transitions and Fr\ '' ohlich-like exciton-lattice interaction are derived : It is shown that only exciton states with total angular momentum $ L=0,1 $ and vibrational modes with angular momentum $ l_p=1 $ contribute to the hyper-Raman scattering process . +1 In this paper , the design of a wireless communication device relying exclusively on energy harvesting is considered . Due to the inability of rechargeable energy sources to charge and discharge at the same time , a constraint we term the energy half-duplex constraint , two rechargeable energy storage devices ( ESDs ) are assumed so that at any given time , there is always one ESD being recharged . +0 It is commonly believed , for example , that there is a large-scale trend in evolution towards increasing complexity , but empirical and theoretical arguments undermine this belief . The idea that there are any large-scale trends in the evolution of biological organisms is highly controversial . +1 Secure two-party cryptography is possible if the adversary 's quantum storage device suffers imperfections . For example , security can be achieved if the adversary can store strictly less then half of the qubits transmitted during the protocol . +1 Next generation accelerators will require a high current , low emittance beam with a low energy spread . Such accelerators will employ advanced beam conditioning systems such as emittance exchangers to manipulate high brightness beams . +0 The sufficient CP insertion along with our newly proposed SAR imaging algorithm particularly for the OFDM signals also differentiates this paper from all the existing studies in the literature on OFDM radar signal processing . The sufficient CP insertion converts an inter-symbol interference ( ISI ) channel from multipaths into multiple ISI-free subchannels as the key in a wireless communications system , and analogously , it provides an inter-range-cell interference ( IRCI ) free ( high range resolution ) SAR image in a SAR system . +0 We explain the string-theoretical constructions in detail , aiming at non-specialists . Our main focus is on the `top-down approach ' of considering models constructed within string theory . +0 We show that SIC-POVMs ( if they do exist ) must obey general rules of the star product , and , starting from this fact , we derive new relations on SIC-projectors . The problem of SIC-POVM existence is formulated in terms of symbols of operators associated with a star-product quantization scheme . +0 Finally , by means of the modified mapping we show that a large class of three-dimensional Ising models are precisely equivalent , in the time continuum limit , to particular quantum dimer models . In contrast to Fisher 's original mapping , this enables us to reformulate frustrated Ising models as dimer models with positive weights and we illustrate this by providing a new solution of the fully frustrated Ising model on the square lattice . +0 The corresponding minimizing path of the minimizer can be extended to a non-homographic periodic solution if $ \theta $ is commensurable with $ \pi $ or a quasi-periodic solution if $ \theta $ is not commensurable with $ \pi $ . We show that there is a region $ \Omega\subseteq ( 0,2\pi ) \times R^+ $ such that there exists at least one local minimizer of the Lagrangian action functional on the path space satisfying SPBC $ \ { q ( t ) \in H^1 ( [ 0 , T ] , $ $ ( \mathbf { R } ^2 ) ^4 ) | $ $ q ( 0 ) \in $ $ \mathbf { A } , q ( T ) \in $ $ \mathbf { B } \ } $ for any $ ( \theta , \mu ) \in \Omega $ . +1 Its 250 mK focal plane detector array consists of 1,274 polarization-sensitive antenna-coupled bolometers , each with an associated lithographed band-defining filter . Each detector 's planar antenna structure is coupled to the telescope 's optical system through a contacting dielectric lenslet , an architecture unique in current CMB experiments . +1 Our approach combines first-order state abstraction that avoids evaluating states individually , and heuristic search that avoids evaluating all states . Firstly , we apply state abstraction directly on the FOMDP avoiding propositionalization . +0 Alternatively , the breaking of a U ( 1 ) symmetry induced by the FI term can dynamically generate the quadratic potential of chaotic inflation . In D-term hybrid inflation it is the FI term itself which sets the energy scale of inflation . +1 Using these results we exactly enumerate the native states of all proteins for a wide range of energy parameters . In this way , we show that there are some sequences , which have an absolute native state . +1 This thesis is concerned with the application of operadic methods , particularly modular operads , to questions arising in the study of moduli spaces of surfaces as well as applications to the study of homotopy algebras and new constructions of 'quantum invariants ' of manifolds inspired by ideas originating from physics . We consider the extension of classical 2-dimensional topological quantum field theories to Klein topological quantum field theories which allow unorientable surfaces . +1 In this paper , we study the modified non-linear Schroedinger equation , which arises as continuous equation in a system describing an excitation on a hexagonal lattice . This latter system can e.g.describe electron-phonon interaction on fullerene related structures such as the buckminster fullerene and nanotubes . +1 Historically , modelers have restricted themselves to water-rich planets with CO2 and H2O as the only important greenhouse gases . More recently , some researchers have suggested broadening the definition to include arid , 'Dune ' planets on the inner edge and planets with captured H2 atmospheres on the outer edge , thereby greatly increasing the HZ width . +0 This is usually followed by a short-time refractority , after which the generation is fired again in the opposite ( starting ) portion of the frequency axis . During the self-detuning cycle new and new narrow phonon modes are sequentially `` fired '' on one side of the spectrum and approximately the same number of modes are `` extinguished '' on the other side , up to a complete generation breakdown in a certain final portion of the frequency axis . +1 We interpret these weights as delays , and take them as i.i.d exponential random variables . We analyze the weighted flooding time defined as the minimum time needed to reach all nodes from one uniformly chosen node , and the weighted diameter corresponding to the largest distance between any pair of vertices . +0 as well as with abstract mathematical objects like quantum group , braided or quadratic algebra The unifying thread stretches also beyond the QIS to establish its deep connections with statistical models , conformal field theory etc . +0 A norm is $ \lVert f\rVert'_p=\lVert F\rVert_p $ . If $ f\in L^'^ { \ , p } $ such that $ f $ is the distributional derivative of $ F\in L^p $ then the integral is defined as $ \int^\infty_ { -\infty } fG=-\int^\infty_ { -\infty } F ( x ) g ( x ) \ , dx $ , where $ g\in L^q $ , $ G ( x ) = \int_0^x g ( t ) \ , dt $ and $ 1/p+1/q=1 $ . +1 Vector autoregression ( VAR ) is a fundamental tool for modeling the joint dynamics of multivariate time series . However , as the number of component series is increased , the VAR model quickly becomes overparameterized , making reliable estimation difficult and impeding its adoption as a forecasting tool in high dimensional settings . +0 Next , we build a model for predicting a successful introduction of clinical pharmacy to the clinical departments . With OrdEval algorithm we first evaluate the importance of competences for the users of clinical pharmacy and extract their nature according to the users expectations . +0 Here , we perform atomistic simulations on freestanding graphene nanoribbons ( GNRs ) to first identify the minimal shapes , and then employ a core-edge framework based on classical plate theory to quantify the width dependence in more general systems . Efforts to modulate the electronic properties of atomically thin crystalline nanoribbons requires precise control over their morphology . +1 We show that as a result of this qualitative difference from single-layer graphene , short-range ( or screened Coulomb ) interactions are marginally relevant . We use renormalization group to study their effects on low-energy properties of the system , and show that the two quadratic Fermi points spontaneously split into four Dirac points , at zero temperature . +1 This region will be a site of vortex pinning and creep . Entrainment of the neutron superfluid with the crustal lattice leads to a requirement of superfluid moment of inertia associated with vortex creep in excess of the available crustal moment of inertia . +1 A fluctuating feature of the SDW ordering is also seen below the $ T_ { SDW } $ . We further performed high-pressure NMR studies on NaFeAs , and found that the $ T_ { SDW } $ increases by $ \sim $ 7 K and the magnetic moment increases by 30 % under 2.5 GPa pressure . +1 We consider three examples of anisotropic geometry : slabs , squared beams and `` cigars '' to demonstrate that the `` quasi-condensate '' which exists in domain $ \rho_c & lt ; \rho & lt ; \rho_m $ is in fact the van den Berg-Lewis-Pul\'e generalised condensation ( vdBLP-GC ) of the type III with no macroscopic occupation of any mode . We show that for the slab geometry the second critical density $ \rho_m $ is a threshold between quasi- two-dimensional ( quasi-2D ) condensate and the three dimensional ( 3D ) regime when there is a coexistence of the `` quasi-condensate '' with the standard one-mode BEC . +0 In addition to these , we study the 1loop EW corrections to the inclusive $ \tilde d\tchi_i^+ $ production at LHC , presenting as examples , the $ p_T $ and angular distributions . These relations become exact at asymptotic energies and , provided the SUSY scale is not too heavy , they may be approximately correct at LHC energies also . +1 An added complication is the tendency of protoplanetary disks in binaries to become eccentric , giving rise to additional excitation of planetesimal eccentricity . Here , for the first time , we analytically explore secular dynamics of planetesimals in binaries such as $ \alpha $ Cen and $ \gamma $ Cep under the combined action of ( 1 ) gravity of the eccentric protoplanetary disk , ( 2 ) perturbations due to the ( coplanar ) eccentric companion , and ( 3 ) gas drag . +1 This leads to a natural suppression of these masses relative to the $ Q=2/3 $ quarks , as well as the generation of quark mixing angles , both long-standing challenges for ETC theories . Standard-model-singlet neutrinos are assigned to ETC representations that provide a similar suppression of neutrino Dirac masses , as well as the possibility of a realistic seesaw mechanism with no mass scale above the highest ETC scale of roughly $ 10^3 $ TeV . +1 A crucial role in the construction is played by the $ c $ -singleton cones , the cones in the $ c $ -Cambrian fan which consist of a single maximal cone from the Coxeter fan . Moreover , if $ W $ is a Weyl group and the vertices of the permutahedron are chosen in a lattice associated to $ W $ , then we show that our realizations have integer coordinates in this lattice . +0 This is related to the top/bottom symmetry breaking , resulting in the lowering of point symmetry of ( Ga , Mn ) As to the C_ { 2v } symmetry group . At the same time the existence of in-plane uniaxial anisotropy with [ 110 ] the easy axis is evidenced . +1 We find that the charge current is generated well before the first electron-hole scattering event . Generation of the transverse current in the scattering-free ballistic transport regime provides unambiguous evidence for the intrinsic inverse spin Hall effect . +1 However , such a pure low-resolution ADC architecture also complicates parameter estimation problems such as time/frequency synchronization and channel estimation . A mixed-ADC architecture , where most of the antennas are equipped with low-precision ADCs while a few antennas have full-precision ADCs , can solve these issues and actualize the potential of the pure low-resolution ADC architecture . +1 We present a characterization of the completeness of the field of real numbers in the form of a \emph { collection of ten equivalent statements } borrowed from algebra , real analysis , general topology and non-standard analysis . We also discuss the completeness of non-Archimedean fields and present several examples of such fields . +0 The nuclear source remains undetected at ~4x10^ { -15 } erg/s/cm^-2 flux level . Our recent Chandra observation of NGC 7590 enables to remove the X-ray contamination from the ULX and the extended component effectively . +1 A previous CMSSM global fit is then re-weighted by our likelihood map . The CMS results nibble away at the high fit probability density region , transforming probability distributions for the scalar and gluino masses . +0 Scar functions , that have a fundamental role in the semiclassical description of chaotic systems , emerge as very robust against environmental perturbations . We analyze the behavior of the purity , fidelity and Husimi distributions corresponding to initial states localized on short periodic orbits ( scar functions ) and map eigenstates . +0 We show that a valley-antisymmetric potential broadens Raman $ D $ band but does not affect $ 2D $ band , which is already observed by recent experiments . The potential is antisymmetric with respect to valleys , and some straightforward applications are found for Raman spectroscopy . +1 Consider the category C ( A ) whose objects are functors from C to A , and whose morphisms are natural transformations . Given a functor F : A -- & gt ; B one obtains an induced functor F_C : C ( A ) -- & gt ; C ( B ) . +0 The scheme is largely independent of the shock microphysics . Here we investigate in a unified manner both the forward and the reverse external shock emission components , and introduce a straightforward recipe for directly constraining the initial Lorentz factor of the fireball using early optical afterglow data . +0 Moreover we derive a normal form for the pair $ ( \omega , f ) $ involving exactly these functional invariants . In analogy with the ordinary case ( for symplectic forms on the plane ) we show that the moduli in the classification problem are analytic functions of 1-variable and that their number is exactly equal to the Milnor number of the corresponding boundary singularity . +1 It is augmented by an implementation of the protocol SOME/IP ( -SD ) and an connector to the middleware Gamma V. The middleware is used to configure the network by initialization . Additionally data , which is sent over the network , can be changed on the fly . +1 The selectivity which can be achieved in the presence of electromagnetically induced transparency ( EIT ) is limited by the decoherence rate of the dark state . We present exact analytical expressions for this effect , and also physical models and approximate expressions which give useful insights into the phenomena . +1 Locally these modes are coordinate transformations of the homogeneous background solutions ( although non-locally they are not ) . These solutions are then used to discuss a couple of recent papers in which such perturbations play a role . +1 Networks describe various complex natural systems including social systems . We investigate the social network of co-occurrence in Reuters-21578 corpus , which consists of news articles that appeared in the Reuters newswire in 1987 . +0 We show with an explicit example that - due to its four-dimensionality - FDR does not require an order-by-order renormalization and that , unlike the one-loop case , FDR and dimensional regularization ( DR ) generate intermediate two-loop results which are no longer linked by a simple subtraction of the ultraviolet ( UV ) poles in epsilon . In this paper we illustrate the simplifications produced by FDR in NNLO computations . +1 The correct translated sentence for Hindi language is rarely found . In this paper , we are emphasizing on English-Hindi language pair , so in order to preserve the correct MT output we present a ranking system , which employs some machine learning techniques and morphological features . +1 We present a spectroscopic catalog of 67082 M dwarfs from the LAMOST pilot survey . For each spectrum of the catalog , spectral subtype , radial velocity , equivalent width of H $ { \alpha } $ , a number of prominent molecular band indices and the metal sensitive parameter $ \zeta $ are provided . +0 We find a strong environmental dependency for the LF of elliptical galaxies . The smoothed bootstrap method is used to calculate confidence regions of the derived luminosity functions . +1 Activity results for natural radioactive chains and other common radionuclides are summarized , being the values obtained for some materials like copper and stainless steel very competitive . The implications of these results for the NEXT experiment are also discussed . +0 These curves facilitate understanding of how adiabatic changes in the lattice depth affect the temperature , and we demonstrate regimes where the atomic sample can be significantly heated or cooled . The entropy-temperature curves are calculated for non-interacting fermions in a 3D optical lattice . +0 Acceleration and propagation effects lead to an observed composition that is different from the one at the source . We find a robust upper bound on the observed proton fraction of the UHECRs flux and we rule out a composition dominated by protons and He . +0 The hydrodynamical description of the working surface is parametrised by the initial velocity and mass injection rate at the base of the jet . The physical model is based on conservation laws of mass and momentum at the working surface as explained by Mendoza et al . ( 2009 ) . +1 Present study investigates the atomic structure and the effect of point defects in a ZnO GB using the GGA+U approximation . The relaxed GB possesses large periodicity and channels with 8 and 10 numbered atoms having 4 and 3 fold coordination . +0 Our in silico analysis also showed that tension on cell-cell junctions ( and monolayer stress ) is not homogeneous across the island . Cells acquired an asymmetric distribution of protrusions ( and traction forces ) that decreased when moving from the edge to the island center . +0 In addition , the growth rate approaches a constant when the scale increases . For d=2 conformal field theories , it is known that the entropy has a linear growth regime if the scale of the entangling region is large . +1 The information provided by these promises allows individual agents to autonomously schedule information requests in the future and sets the basis for maintaining desired levels of performance at lower implementation cost . We establish provably correct guarantees for the distributed strategies that result from the proposed approach and examine their robustness against delays , packet drops , and communication noise . +1 We consider the following interacting particle system : There is a `` gas '' of particles , each of which performs a continuous-time simple random walk on $ \mathbb { Z } ^d $ , with jump rate $ D_A $ . These particles are called $ A $ -particles and move independently of each other . +0 In order to be effective , a heuristic must be efficient to compute , as well as provide useful information to the search algorithm . Heuristics are crucial tools in decreasing search effort in varied fields of AI . +1 First we consider four dimensional N=2 Supersymmetric Yang Mills Theory with hypermultiplets transforming in the fundamental representation of the gauge group , and find supersymmetric OWL 's only in the superconformal versions of these theories . We then consider four dimensional N=4 SYM coupled to a three dimensional defect hypermultiplet . +1 In the topological phase , we predict the existence of peculiar Majorana solitons , which host two Majorana fermions and feature a phase jump of $ \pi $ across the soliton , irrespective of the velocity of travel . These unusual properties of Majorana solitons may open an alternative way to manipulate Majorana fermions for fault-tolerant topological quantum computations . +0 For the latter the proper axis of quantization is given by the Hamiltonian of the two-level atoms and for the former the proper axis of quantization is defined by the interaction . This completes the analysis , known in the current literature , with respect to the same model in the limit of N and volume going to infinity , keeping the density constant . +0 The onset of inertial mode convection is described which prevails at very low Prandtl numbers . The basic equations for the spherical problem are then introduced and the onset of columnar convection in spherical shells is discussed . +1 We propose a multivariate extension . First it is shown that an arbitrary copula is in the domain of attraction of a multivariate extreme value distribution if and only if its upper tail can be approximated by the upper tail of a multivariate GPD with uniform margins . +1 A class of models is introduced describing the evolution of population species whose carrying capacities are functionals of these populations . The functional dependence of the carrying capacities reflects the fact that the correlations between populations can be realized not merely through direct interactions , as in the usual predator-prey Lotka-Volterra model , but also through the influence of species on the carrying capacities of each other . +0 We find sharp uniform bounds for the convergence rate as a function of the degree of smoothness which we conjecture . We consider both semidiscrete triangulations with continuous time and explicit Euler schemes with time step small enough for the method to be stable . +0 Spectral classifications have been undertaken using both the Acker & amp ; Neiner and Crowther , De Marco & amp ; Barlow schemes . Eighteen stars have been discovered in the Macquarie/AAO/Strasbourg H-Alpha ( MASH ) PN survey sample , and we have also uncovered 14 confirmed and candidate [ WR ] s and WELS among the CSPNe of previously known PNe . +0 The variations in the intensity and the associated power density spectrum indicate that the HBO and NBO are strongly coupled , originating from the same location in the inner accretion disk . In this { \it Letter } , we present the results of an analysis of a RXTE observation of a Z source GX~5-1 , where the 6 Hz NBO is simultaneously detected along with a HBO at 51 Hz . +1 The magnitude and frequency dependence of the observed photo-thermal effect are consistent with predicted corrections due to transverse thermal diffusion and coating structure . While the observed photo-thermal feed-back tends to destabilize the optical spring , we also propose a small coating modification that would change the sign of the effect , making a single-carrier stable optical spring possible . +0 We apply our results to the relativistic $ \sigma $ - $ \omega $ Lagrangian in the Hartree valence approximation . As a byproduct we obtain the $ \hbar^4 $ corrections stemming from the polarization of the Dirac sea . +1 We consider the solution $ u ( x , t ) $ to a stochastic heat equation . For fixed $ x $ , the process $ F ( t ) =u ( x , t ) $ has a nontrivial quartic variation . +0 The study is based on the relativistic mean-field ( RMF ) theory , which can provide an excellent description of nuclear matter and finite nuclei . We construct the equation of state ( EOS ) of dense matter covering a wide range of temperature , proton fraction , and density for the use of core-collapse supernova simulations . +0 It is shown that in some cases , especially in local minima of reflectivity vs. neutron wave number , this consideration can result in high enough differences such that it should be included in the interpretation of measured neutron specular reflectivity . Here we have investigated the effect of this consideration on the average reflectivity in a completely general case . +1 The metering platform features a current transformer which allows a non-intrusive installation of the current measurement unit . The suggested design can switch loads , offers a variable sampling frequency , and provides measurement data such as active power , reactive and apparent power . +1 We find that by including a term Omega_L & gt ; 0 , the same best-fit anisotropy pattern is reproduced by several combinations of cosmological parameters . This sub-set of models can then be further constrained by current observations that limit the values of various cosmological parameters . +0 They are more complex for nonlinear mixtures , due to dependencies between the considered quantities . In the literature , these calculations were mainly reported for linear mixtures up to now . +0 In this paper , DC characterization of a circular , epoxy-impregnated HTS coil made from YBCO coated conductor for use as a prototype axial flux HTS electric machine is presented . Direct current ( DC ) characterization of high temperature superconducting ( HTS ) coils is important for HTS applications , such as electric machines , superconducting magnetic energy storage ( SMES ) and transformers . +0 Our proposal allows to reduce the Newtonian Noise ( NN ) which limits all ground based GW detectors below few Hertz , including previous atom interferometry-based concepts . We propose a new detection strategy for gravitational waves ( GWs ) below few Hertz based on a correlated array of atom interferometers ( AIs ) . +0 It provides a route to simulate the physics of the Hamiltonian and to address open questions and novel challenges of the underlying many-body system . In this atomic approach to the Fermi-Hubbard model the Hamiltonian is a direct result of the optical lattice potential created by interfering laser fields and short-ranged ultracold collisions . +1 I hesitated for a long time before giving shape to these notes , originally intended for preliminary reading by the attendees to the Summer School `` New paths towards quantum gravity '' ( Holbaek Bay , Denmark , May 2008 ) . At the end , I decide against just selling my mathematical wares , and for a survey , necessarily very selective , but taking a global phenomenological approach to its subject matter . +1 The vertex in one special chamber gives the same answer as that computed by the ordinary topological vertex . We prove an identify expressing the non-commutative topological vertex of a toric Calabi-Yau manifold X as a specialization of the closed BPS partition function of an orbifold of X , thus giving a closed expression for our vertex . +1 Three ongoing microlensing experiments have found more candidate events than expected from the known stars . These experiments measure only one parameter of the massive compact halo objects ( machos ) , the magnification time scale of the events . +1 We place upper limits on the column densities and infer upper limits on the gas masses assuming that the gas is in hydrostatic equilibrium , is well-mixed , and has a temperature , Tgas ~ 65 K. Our measurements suggest that this system possesses very little molecular gas . Therefore , we infer an upper limit for the gas : dust ratio ( & lt ; 4.0 ) assuming that the gas is atomic . +0 We develop this model by using exponential potential , the characteristics of this model is calculated in great details . We also obtain the general expressions of the tensor-to-scalar ratio , scalar spectral index . +0 The nucleon mass is considered as a benchmark for illustrating this new approach . Novel techniques are presented , which identify the chiral power-counting regime ( PCR ) , and realize the existence of an intrinsic energy scale embedded in lattice QCD results that extend outside the PCR . +1 We give new invariant Einstein metrics on the Stiefel manifold $ V_5\mathbb { R } ^n $ ( $ n\ge 7 $ ) and through this example we show how to prove existence of invariant Einstein metrics by manipulating parametric systems of polynomial equations . This is done by using Gr\ '' obner bases techniques . +1 Here $ \Delta $ denotes the Laplace operator ( discrete or continuous ) , $ V_\omega $ is a multiplication operator given by the function $ $ V_\omega ( x ) = \sum_ { k \in \ZZ^d } \omega_k u ( x-k ) on $ \ZZ^d $ , or \quad V_\omega ( x ) = \sum_ { k \in \ZZ^d } \omega_k U ( x-k ) on $ \RR^d $ , $ $ and $ \lambda & gt ; 0 $ is a real parameter modeling the strength of the disorder present in the model . The functions $ u : \ZZ^d \to \RR $ and $ U : \RR^d \to \RR $ are called single-site potential . +0 From this , we find that the total number of repeating events expected to be detected from $ \sim 4 $ -year space-based surveys will be $ \sim 200 $ -- 400 , that is $ \sim 40 $ -- 50 times higher than the rate of current surveys . For this , we estimate the rate of repeating microlensing eventstoward the Galactic bulge field based on standard models of dynamical and physical distributions of Galactic matter combined with models of binary separation and mass function . +1 I analyze the fraction of differentially rotating stars as a function of color , rotation , and activity in a large sample of F-type stars . Color and rotation exhibit a correlation with differential rotation in the sense that more stars are rotating differentially in the cooler , less rapidly rotating stars . +0 Moreover , we prove that the smearing can be realized by means of a strong Feller Markov kernel if and only if $ F $ is uniformly continuous . We assume $ X $ to be Hausdorff , locally compact and second countable and prove that a POVM $ F $ is commutative if and only if it is the smearing of a spectral measure $ E $ by means of a Feller Markov kernel . +1 The Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in 2D dipolar systems has been studied recently by path integral Monte Carlo ( PIMC ) simulations [ A. Filinov et al. , PRL 105 , 070401 ( 2010 ) ] . Here , we complement this analysis and study temperature-coupling strength dependence of the density ( particle-hole ) and single-particle ( SP ) excitation spectra both in superfluid and normal phases . +0 Using the results from this large and homogeneous set of models , we present an approximate fit for the core mass at the first thermal pulse , as well as for the third dredge-up efficiency parameter , and the core mass at the first third dredge-up episode as a function of metallicity and total mass . Typically 20 or more pulses have been followed for each model , allowing us to calculate the third dredge-up parameter for each case . +0 Using HST/ACS imaging , we study several quantitative morphological parameters including CAS , B/T from GIM2D , and Gini/M_20 . While the green valley is defined using optical U-B colors , we find that using a green valley sample defined using NUV-R colors does not change the results . +0 Temporal dependencies of TEC are obtained for a set of spaced receivers of the GPS network simultaneously for the entire set of visible satellites . We developed a new technology for global detection of atmospheric disturbances , on the basis of phase measurements of the total electron content ( TEC ) using an international GPS networks . +1 We first consider a model independent SUSY breaking hidden sector on one boundary and generic chiral matter on another . Using the definition of GGM , the effects of the hidden sector are contained in a set of global symmetry current correlator functions and is mediated through the bulk . +1 Thus , the inducibility of the 4-path was addressed in a construction of Exoo ( 1986 ) , but remains unknown . Refuting a conjecture of Erdos , Thomason ( 1997 ) constructed graphs with a small density of both 4-cliques and 4-anticliques . +0 These new data offer one the possibility to determine the nonperturbative initial conditions of fragmentation functions much more accurately . Recently , the { \it Belle } and { \it BABAR } Collaborations published the single-inclusive electron-positron annihilation data at the center of mass energies ( $ \sqrt { s } $ ) of $ 10.52 $ GeV and $ 10.54 $ GeV , respectively . +0 The free energy density cost of enforcing color and electric charge neutrality in the CFL phase is lower than that in the 2SC phase , which favors the formation of the CFL phase . In contrast , electric charge neutrality in the less symmetric 2-flavor superconducting ( 2SC ) phase with ud pairing requires more electrons than the normal quark phase . +0 We derive a partial differential equation for the Laplace transform of the $ n $ -time tail distribution function $ P [ E ( t_1 ) & gt ; s_1 , ... , E ( t_n ) & gt ; s_n ] $ , and show that this PDE has a unique solution given natural boundary conditions . The process $ E $ is , in general , non-Markovian with non-stationary and non-independent increments . +0 Through simulations , we also compare it with the well-known conditional distribution of the mle , which may be interpreted as a Bayesian solution to the change-point problem . We perform simulations to examine the accuracy of the derived distribution when nuisance parameters have to be estimated as well as robustness of the derived distribution to deviations from Gaussianity . +0 For each dimension $ p\in\b N $ , let $ ( X_n^p ) _ { n\ge1 } $ be i.i.d . Let $ \nu\in M^1 ( [ 0 , \infty [ ) $ be a fixed probability measure . +0 Polarization-dependent measurements give further insight into the crystal structure and reveal an energetic shift of the shear mode which stems from the in-plane anisotropy of the shear modulus in this material . We observe layer breathing and shear modes which allow for easy assignment of the number of layers . +1 We present three ways of viewing these pseudo-dualities : as a series of transformations in the STU model , as a combination of Melvin twists and T-dualities and , finally , as a sequence of two generalized spectral flows and a coordinate transformation . We then use these to find an infinite family of asymptotically flat embeddings of NHEK spacetimes in string theory , parameterized by the arbitrary values of the moduli at infinity . +0 While there are several partial results on the subject , so far no one presented an efficient scheme for recognizing NEXP ( or NP with logarithmic communication ) , except for [ KM03 ] , in the case there is no entanglement ( and of course no communication between the provers ) . For example , one can study the question when the provers share entanglement or not , and the communication between the verifier and the provers is quantum or classical . +0 The HII region luminosity functions have standard slopes at the luminous end . Estimates of their star formation rates ( SFRs ) based on SED-fitting agree within uncertainties with the Halpha luminosity inferred SFRs . +1 Our approach yields original insight into the derivation and analysis of the system 's properties . In particular we define an entropy per tooth in analogy with the entropy per carrier or Seebeck coefficient , and we derive the analogue to Kelvin 's second relation for Feynman 's ratchet . +0 The projected distribution and kinematics of the galaxies of other types are used to search for equilibrium solutions in the gravitational potential derived from the early-type galaxies , using the method described by Binney and Mamon as implemented by Solanes and Salvador-Sole ' . We use the mass profile we determined from the distribution and kinematics of the early-type galaxies ( i.e.ellipticals , excluding the brightest ones , and S0s ) outside substructures ; the latter were assumed to be on isotropic orbits , which is supported by the shape of their velocity distribution . +0 As in particle and condensed-matter physics , a successful viewpoint is one of effective theories , adapted to specific issues one encounters in quantum cosmology . For quantum cosmology to be part of empirical science , it must allow for a systematic framework in which corrections to well-tested classical equations can be derived , with any ambiguities and ignorance sufficiently parameterized . +1 Furthermore , we generalize the exact ( non-perturbative ) form of the steady state for just two Lindblad channels ( spin-up flipping on the left , and spin-down flipping on the right ) to an arbitrary ( asymmetric ) ratio of the spin flipping rates [ Phys.Rev.Lett . 107 , 137201 ( 2011 ) ] . +0 This is accomplished by defining a new super integration theory on $ \hat\Sigma $ which includes a new formulation of the super Stokes theorem and residue calculus in the superfield formalism . An effective action is obtained for the $ N=1 $ , $ 2D- $ induced supergravity on a compact super Riemann surface ( without boundary ) $ \hat\Sigma $ of genus $ g & gt ; 1 $ , as the general solution of the corresponding superconformal Ward identity . +0 We have , at each level , a linear space of compatible Poisson structures , and the maps relating the levels are Poisson . For the rational , elliptic and trigonometric r-matrices , we exhibit the links between three `` levels '' of Poisson spaces : ( a ) Some finite-dimensional spaces of matrix-valued holomorphic functions on the complex line ; ( b ) Spaces of spectral curves and sheaves supported on them ; ( c ) Symmetric products of a surface . +1 As a default choice , we recommend the Cauchy distribution with center 0 and scale 2.5 , which in the simplest setting is a longer-tailed version of the distribution attained by assuming one-half additional success and one-half additional failure in a logistic regression . Cross-validation on a corpus of datasets shows the Cauchy class of prior distributions to outperform existing implementations of Gaussian and Laplace priors . +1 Our recent Chandra observation of NGC 7590 enables to remove the X-ray contamination from the ULX and the extended component effectively . The nuclear source remains undetected at ~4x10^ { -15 } erg/s/cm^-2 flux level . +0 In addition , we obtain an upper bound of $ 3n $ for the maximum sum of exponents $ \sigma ( n ) $ of runs in a string of length $ n $ , improving on the best known bound of $ 4.1n $ by Crochemore et al . The proof is remarkably simple , considering the numerous endeavors to tackle this problem in the last 15 years , and significantly improves our understanding of how runs can occur in strings . +1 We also find a correlation between the presence of massive outflows launched from the accretion disk and the stabilization of its oscillations . We verify the theoretical predictions with the available timing and spectral observations . +0 Spiral arms induced by GI , located at disk radii of hundreds of AUs , are local overdensities and have their photospheres displaced to higher altitudes above the disk midplane , arms therefore scatter more NIR light from their central stars than inter-arm regions , and are detectable at distances up to 1 kpc by Gemini/GPI , VLT/SPHERE , and Subaru/HiCIAO/SCExAO . Motivated by advances in near-infrared ( NIR ) adaptive optics imaging and mm-wave interferometry , we explore the observational signatures of GI in disks , using hydrodynamical and Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations to synthesize NIR scattered light images and mm dust continuum maps . +1 We measure the electron escape-rate from surface-acoustic-wave dynamic quantum dots ( QDs ) through a tunnel barrier . Rate-equations are used to extract the tunnelling rates , which change by an order of magnitude with tunnel-barrier gate voltage . +0 We also discuss the higher helicity contribution to the cross section . We compare our non-factorized analysis with the usual factorized analysis based on the peaking approximation in the calculation of the cross section for the heavy meson pair production . +1 Moreover , a charge transfer of 0.6 electrons off the contact aluminium site is found . Both the suppressed hybridization and the violated charge neutrality are characteristic features of metallic nanocontacts . +1 We argue herein that this lack of agreement can largely be traced to electrode effects that have not been properly taken into account . A series of drainage and imbibition experiments are considered , in which we find that previously proposed approaches to remove electrode effects are unlikely to provide adequate corrections . +1 The primary figure of merit for QKD systems is ability to generate secret bits . However , to date , methods that have been developed to simulate the secret bit rate generation for EQKD systems have been limited by techniques that do not provide a complete description of the quantum state produced by the source . +1 In this paper , we show how different MKL algorithms can be understood as applications of either regularization on the kernel weights or block-norm-based regularization , which is more common in structured sparsity and multi-task learning . We show that these two regularization strategies can be systematically mapped to each other through a concave conjugate operation . +1 This solution can be found in two different ways : ( i ) by first explicitly constructing the Ricci-flat Kahler metric on resolved conifold and then solving the supergravity equations for the D3-brane ansatz with constant dilaton and ( self-dual ) 3-form fluxes ; ( ii ) by generalizing the `` conifold '' ansatz of hep-th/0002159 in a natural `` asymmetric '' way so that the 1-d action describing radial evolution still admits a superpotential and then solving the resulting 1-st order system . The superpotentials for the `` resolved '' and `` deformed '' conifold cases turn out to have essentially the same simple structure . +1 We introduce the Global Spin Model to study the static and dynamic properties of the ultracold fermionic gas near the broad Feshbach resonance . We show that the problem of molecular production , in a single-mode approximation , is reduced to the linear Landau-Zener problem for operators . +1 We discuss the conditions under which an anomaly occurs in conductance and localization length of Anderson model on a lattice . Using the ladder hamiltonian and analytical calculation of average conductance we find the set of resonance conditions which complements the $ \pi $ -coupling rule for anomalies . +0 We show that PNe can also be found in the presence of emission from diffuse gas and further illustrate the excellent sensitivity of IFS in detecting extragalactic PNe through a comparison with narrowband images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope . Following a first study of the central regions of M32 that illustrated the power of integral-field spectroscopy ( IFS ) in detecting and measuring the [ O III ] { \lambda } 5007 emission of PNe against a strong stellar background , we turn to the very nuclear PN population of M31 , within 80 pc of its centre . +0 This sightline passes through a clear biconical structure seen in hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission near the base of the northern Fermi Bubble . We use ultraviolet absorption-line spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope to constrain the velocity of the outflowing gas within these regions , targeting the quasar PDS 456 ( Galactic coordinates l , b=10.4 , +11.2 degrees ) . +0 ( 4 ) The Higgs and other bosonic superpartners have an unconventional equation of motion . ( 3 ) The most likely candidate for cold dark matter is therefore a sneutrino . +1 An explicit computation demonstrates that the regularized Jacobian $ Tr\ \Delta J\exp -\cR /M^2 $ for $ M^2\rightarrow \infty $ is the variation of a local counterterm , which we give . This is a direct proof at the level of path integrals that there is no BRST anomaly . +1 Here we present an approach based on Floquet theory and show that it offers significant corrections to existing models when two RF frequencies are near degenerate . Furthermore it has no restrictions on the dimension , the number of frequencies or the orientation of the RF fields . +1 Thus there occurs a flow of dark energy towards the apparent horizon . As a result the entropy of the dark energy decreases and that of horizon increases . +1 The study is based on applications of the full-folding optical model potential for an explicit treatment of the off-shell behavior of the nucleon-nucleon effective interaction . Applications were made at beam energies between 40 and 500 MeV for proton scattering from 40Ca and 208Pb . +0 We compute the probability density for the total smoothed perturbation within a Hubble volume , \epsilon , and for the spectrum of \epsilon . Our method can be extended to deal with arbitrary forms of non-Gaussianity , appearing at any order in the n-point hierarchy . +1 We then learn a reverse diffusion process that restores structure in data , yielding a highly flexible and tractable generative model of the data . This approach allows us to rapidly learn , sample from , and evaluate probabilities in deep generative models with thousands of layers or time steps , as well as to compute conditional and posterior probabilities under the learned model . +0 We explore how nuclear weak charge measurements in atomic parity violation ( APV ) experiments can be used to constrain $ Z ' $ bosons . The discovery of a new neutral gauge boson , $ Z ' $ , could provide the first concrete evidence of physics beyond the standard model . +0 In addition to that , secondary anisotropy sources in the low-redshift universe also produce non-Gaussianity , so do foreground emissions from extragalactic or interstellar microwave sources . We predict the primary angular bispectrum from inflation , and forecast how well we can measure the primordial non-Gaussian signal . +0 The EOS parameters are decorrelated by diagonalizing the covariance matrix . We separate the redshifts into 4 bins and assume a constant EOS parameter for dark energy in each bin . +1 We present the generalized Scherk-Schwarz reduction ansatz for the full supersymmetric exceptional field theory in terms of group valued twist matrices subject to consistency equations . With this ansatz the field equations precisely reduce to those of lower-dimensional gauged supergravity parametrized by an embedding tensor . +1 We provide a control algorithm that combines the two hybrid controllers to accomplish the stabilization task . The algorithm consists of a hybrid supervisor that , based on the values of plant 's outputs and ( norm ) state estimates , selects the hybrid controller that should be applied to the plant . +0 Assuming a cuspy dark matter density profile for the Milky Way , 500 hours of observations in this region provide sensitivities to and below the thermal cross-section of dark matter annihilations , for masses between a few hundred GeV and a few tens of TeV ; therefore CTA will have a significant chance of discovery in some models . The best strategy is to perform CTA observations within a few degrees of the Galactic Centre , with the Galactic Centre itself and the most intense diffuse emission regions removed from the analysis . +1 A data collector subsequently attempts to recover the original data object by accessing each of the nodes independently with some constant probability . By using an appropriate code , successful recovery occurs when the total amount of data in the accessed nodes is at least the size of the original data object . +0 Qualitative and numerical results were obtained by applying the method to various mixtures of pigments without and with atmospheric components . The article describes the potential application of thermodynamic simulation to forecast chemical aging and relevant color changes in painting . +1 We use the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method to study the real-time evolution of charge and spin correlation functions of a Peierls insulator after a quench to a noninteracting Hamiltonian . This approach gives exact results , and fully takes into account quantum phonon effects without relying on a Hilbert space truncation . +0 The difference between the radial velocity of the optical absorption spectrum and that of the Ha emission is unusually small for a carbon Mira . It suffers from a low reddening ( E ( B-V ) =0.15 ) , lies at a distance of 5 kpc from the Sun and 1 kpc from the galactic plane , and its heliocentric systemic velocity is close to +22 km/sec . +1 Decays of superheavy relic particles may produce extremely energetic neutrinos . Their annihilations on the relic neutrinos can be the origin of the cosmic rays with energies beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff . +0 We discuss eight possible criteria for determining whether these GRBs are `` short population bursts '' ( SPBs ) or `` long population bursts '' ( LPBs ) . Here we report the localizations and properties of four short-duration GRBs localized by the High Energy Transient Explorer 2 satellite ( HETE-2 ) : GRBs 010326B , 040802 , 051211 and 060121 , all of which were detected by the French Gamma Telescope ( Fregate ) and localized with the Wide-field X-ray Monitor ( WXM ) and/or Soft X-ray Camera ( SXC ) instruments . +0 It is found that the rectifying effect is related to the asymmetrical interface thermal resistance . We study thermal rectifying effect in two dimensional ( 2D ) systems consisting of the Frenkel Kontorva ( FK ) lattice and the Fermi-Pasta-Ulam ( FPU ) lattice . +0 For sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratios ( SNRs ) one of the proposed algorithm is SNR-invariant , i.e.the IS estimator does not depend on the cross-over probability of the channel . Based on the analytical derivation of the optimal IS Bernoulli distribution , with explicit calculation of the variance of the corresponding IS estimator , two novel algorithms for fast-simulation of linear block codes are proposed . +1 This galaxy has a mean stellar population age & gt ; 12 Gyr and is known for its kinematically decoupled core and skew rotation at larger radii . We fit the two-dimensional mean velocity field obtained by the SAURON integral-field spectrograph , and the isophotal ellipticity and position-angle profiles , using the velocity field fitting approach . +1 Weakly interacting massive particles ( WIMPs ) are amongst the most interesting dark matter ( DM ) candidates . Many DM candidates naturally arise in theories beyond the standard model ( SM ) of particle physics , like weak-scale supersymmetry ( SUSY ) . +0 Riemannian optimization techniques can be used to solve this optimization problem . It is known that this problem can be formulated as an optimization problem on the Stiefel manifold . +1 In particular for fundamental representation case , we also derive a TBA equation from the osp ( 1|2s ) version of the T-system and the quantum transfer matrix method . This TBA equation is identical to the one from the string hypothesis . +1 Accurate and precise values of radii and masses of stars are needed to correctly estimate properties of extrasolar planets . We examine the effect of uncertainties in stellar model parameters on estimates of the masses , radii and average densities of solar-type stars . +1 The MINIBALL germanium array was used to detect gamma rays from the excited states in 12Be . The gamma-ray detection enabled a clear identification of the four known bound states in 12Be , and each of the states has been studied individually . +1 The galaxy pairs are selected to have velocity differences & lt ; 300 km/s , projected separations ( rp ) & lt ; 80 kpc/h , mass ratios between 0.1 and 10 , and robust measurements of star formation rates and gas-phase metallicities . We match the galaxies in total stellar mass , redshift , and local density to a set of 10 control galaxies per pair galaxy . +0 Then the general expression is found which is valid for arbitrary size of the system . The result is obtained first for a small-sized system and its validity is checked against the numerical calculation . +1 We study bulk and edge correlations in the compressible half-filled state , using a modified version of the plasma analogy . The corresponding plasma has anomalously weak screening properties , and as a consequence we find that the correlations along the edge do not decay algebraically as in the Laughlin ( incompressible ) case , while the bulk correlations decay in the same way . +1 The observations were taken with the Very Large Telescope/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph with a signal-to-noise ratio of 32 per 2.5 km/s pixel , covering the wavelengths from 356.6 to 409.5 nm . A comprehensive fitting method was used to fit all the absorption features at once . +1 A topological qubit subspace is defined using Majorana fermions which emerge in a network of atomic Kitaev one-dimensional wires . We show how braiding can be efficiently implemented in this setup and propose a direct way to demonstrate the non-Abelian nature of Majorana fermions via a single parity measurement . +0 This is the first radio galaxy with convincing evidence that central gas , overpressured with respect to the lobe plasma and not simply a static atmosphere , is having a major dynamical effect on the radio structure . We use Chandra data to infer that an X-ray bright component of gas is in the process of separating the radio lobes of 3C 442A . +1 The sensitive parameter dependence of the corresponding currents includes frequent sign reversals . Zeros of either quantity entail the exclusive occurrence of the other and thus give rise in particular to angular-momentum separation without mass transport as a classical analogue of spin-polarized currents . +0 The VVDS data , covering ~70 % of the life of the Universe , allow for the first time to study from the same sample and with good statistical accuracy the evolution of the LFs by galaxy type in several rest frame bands from a purely magnitude selected sample . From the first epoch observations of the VVDS up to z=1.5 we have derived luminosity functions ( LF ) of different spectral type galaxies . +0 However , most of the web documents are unstructured and lack of semantics . The Web has been chosen as a basic infrastructure to gain the social structure information , through the social network extraction , from all over the world . +0 A preliminary analysis of this data suggests a much higher microlensing optical depth than predicted by standard galactic models suggesting that these models will have to be revised . The MACHO collaboration has now discovered in excess of 40 microlensing events toward the Galactic Bulge during the 1993 observing season . +0 Moreover , the present method represents a robust strategy to understand the proper nature of the images treated , and their discriminant features . Some practical examples prove that is possible to Recognise Portuguese Granites in 100 % , with only 3 morphological features ( from an original set of 117 features ) , which is well suited for real time applications . +0 Exact solutions of the field equations are obtained by applying a special law of variation of Hubble parameter . The energy- momentum tensor is modified to accommodate the viscous pressure and creation pressure which is associated with creation of matter out of gravitational field . +0 Despite the controversies , many experiments have provided clear evidence for EPC in HTSC . But in high-temperature superconductors ( HTSC ) , it is still controversial whether or not EPC is in favor of paring . +0 To show this , we calculated the effective potential of the ( $ g\phi^ { 4 } +h\phi^ { 6 } $ ) $ _ { 1+1 } $ model up to first order in $ g $ and $ h $ couplings which is sufficient as the region of interest has finite correlation length for which mean field calculation may suffice . We introduce hermiticity as a new symmetry and show that when starting with a model which is Hermitian in the classical level , quantum corrections can break hermiticity while the theory stay physically acceptable . +0 The longitudinal coupling would induce some new phenomena in the SFQs . Moreover , there are not only transverse but also longitudinal couplings between the external magnetic fields and the SFQs when the inversion symmetry of potential energy is broken . +1 When the hole encompasses a point of a short periodic orbit , the entropy difference is significantly smaller than $ \mu_P ( \alpha ) $ . This discrepancy is described by the formula which relates the length of the short periodic orbit , the Parry measure $ \mu_P ( \alpha ) $ , and the topological entropies of the two chaotic sets . +1 The dedicated measurements of the hadronic final state in deep inelastic scattering at small $ x $ probing the QCD pomeron are described . The deep inelastic diffraction is also discussed . +1 We present asymptotically optimal procedures for one-parameter exponential families . Next , we develop a general theory for change-point problems when both the pre-change distribution $ f_ { \theta } $ and the post-change distribution $ g_ { \lambda } $ involve unknown parameters . +1 This chirally symmetric phase appears to be analytically connected with the expected conformal window of many-flavor continuum QCD . We perform simulations in the chirally symmetric phase at zero quark mass for various system sizes L , and measure the torelon mass and the Dirac spectrum . +0 Taking into account a diversity of time deficit parameters in a population of individuals , the power law tail is changed into $ 1/t^\alpha $ with $ \alpha\in ( 0.5 , \infty ) $ , including the well-known case $ 1/t $ . The distribution of waiting time $ { \cal T } $ till the completion of the target task has the power law tail $ \sim 1/t^ { 1/2 } $ , resulting from a first-passage solution of an equivalent Wiener process . +0 This R & amp ; D is carried out in the framework of the GERDA experiment which searches for 0 $ \nu\beta\beta $ decays with HPGe detectors enriched in $ ^ { 76 } $ Ge . The liquid argon -- germanium system ( LArGe ) is operated as a 4 $ \pi $ anti-Compton spectrometer to suppress backgrounds in the HPGe . +1 Also , the existence of a family of global attractors is shown to exist . After proving a general result concerning the upper-semicontinuity of a one-parameter family of sets , the result is applied to the family of global attractors . +0 In contrast to the former these objects do not contain a well-defined surface , while in contrast to the latter the space-time of boson stars is globally regular , can -- however -- only be given numerically . These objects are made of a self-interacting scalar field and -- depending on the scalar field 's mass -- can be as dense as neutron stars or even black holes . +0 The long-range component is computed by second order LPT ( 2LPT ) . Our method is based on splitting the displacement field into a long and a short-range component . +1 When the energy scale is above the string scale or Planck scale a number of interesting phenomena occur , namely , production of stringy states , p-branes , string balls , black hole , etc . In this work , we systematically study the production cross sections of black holes , string balls , and p-branes at hadronic supercolliders . +1 In this paper we study Lipschitz contact equivalence of continuous function germs in the plane definable in a polynomially bounded o-minimal structure , such as semialgebraic and subanalytic functions . We partition the germ of the plane at the origin into zones where the function has explicit asymptotic behavior . +0 For the description of a many-particle evolution we construct solutions of the Cauchy problems of the BBGKY hierarchy and the dual BBGKY hierarchy in suitable Banach spaces . In the paper we discuss possible approaches to the problem of the rigorous derivation of quantum kinetic equations from underlying many-particle dynamics . +0 These `` clumpy '' flows are relevant to a wide variety of astrophysical environments including the evolution of molecular clouds , outflows from young stars , Planetary Nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei . We present a design for high energy density laboratory experiments studying the interaction of hypersonic shocks with a large number of inhomogeneities . +1 We obtain global material parameters , directly measurable with spectroscopic ellipsometry and distinguishable from mere wave parameters , by using the generalized dispersion equation for uniaxial crystals along with existing homogenization methods . Our method is analytically and experimentally verified for Ag/SiO2 planar metamaterials with varying number of layers and compared to the effective medium theory . +0 Although strongly dependent on details of planetary interior models , partial or total dissolution of giant planets can result in significant enhancements in the metallicity of host stars with masses between about 1.0 and 1.3 solar masses . In contrast , Jupiter-like and less massive Saturn-like giant planets are able to survive through the base of the convection zone of a 1.22 solar-mass star . +0 We discuss the implications of the result for the analysis of inviscid flows with free surfaces . We suggest that these solutions which attempt to incorporate a phenomenological , but incompatible , condition are in some , imprecise sense `weak-type solutions ' ; they satisfy or are likely to satisfy , at least in the limit , the governing equations and boundary conditions everywhere except in the neighbourhood of the contact line . +0 If detected by GLAST , it can provide unique direct information about the number of small bodies in each system that is difficult to assess by any other method . Based on an analysis of the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope ( EGRET ) data we infer that the diffuse emission from the MBAs , Trojans , and KBOs has an integrated flux of less than ~6x10^ { -6 } cm^ { -2 } s^ { -1 } ( 100-500 MeV ) , which corresponds to ~12 times the Lunar albedo , and may be detectable by the forthcoming Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope ( GLAST ) . +0 Concepts denoted by words , phrases , and proper names in the document are represented positionally as nodes in the graph along with edges corresponding to semantic relations between items . We describe a new method for summarizing similarities and differences in a pair of related documents using a graph representation for text . +0 Although prediction of the SWRC and SHC from available parameters , such as textural data , organic matter , and bulk density have been under investigation for decades , up to now no research has focused on the effect of measurement scale on the soil hydraulic properties pedotransfer functions development . This means as soil column volume increases , variability of the SWRC and SHC decreases . +1 We formulate and solve the renormalization group flow equation for the scale-dependent thermodynamic potential in the presence of the gluonic background field at finite temperature and density . We determine the phase diagram of the PQM model in the FRG approach and discuss its modification in comparison with the one obtained under the mean-field approximation . +1 By means of Fra\ '' { i } ss\ ' { e } theory for metric structures developed by Ben Yaacov , we show that there exists a separable $ 1 $ -exact operator system $ \mathbb { GS } $ -- -which we call the Gurarij operator system -- -of almost universal disposition . This means that whenever $ E\subset F $ are finite-dimensional $ 1 $ -exact operator systems , $ \phi : E\rightarrow \mathbb { GS } $ is a unital complete isometry , and $ \varepsilon & gt ; 0 $ , there is a linear extension $ \widehat { \phi } : F\rightarrow \mathbb { GS } $ of $ \phi $ such that $ ||\widehat { \phi } ||_ { cb } { } ||\widehat { \phi } ^ { -1 } ||_ { cb } \leq 1+\varepsilon $ . +0 We confront mean-field thermodynamics with the functional renormalization group approach , where fluctuations are properly taken into account . The calculations are performed within an effective chiral model with quark-meson interactions , belonging to the same universality class as QCD . +0 Our construction is heavily based on parabolic PDE 's and filtering techniques . We compute explicitly its semimartingale decomposition under both its own filtration $ \cF^X $ and the filtration $ \cF^ { X , Z } $ jointly generated by $ X $ and $ Z $ . +1 Deep-inelastic ep scattering data taken with the H1 detector at HERA and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 106 pb^ { -1 } are used to study the differential distributions of event shape variables . These include thrust , jet broadening , jet mass and the C-parameter . +0 We calculate the power spectrum for three different mass functions , compute it within the framework of isothermal and polytropic gas distributions , and explore the effect of gas evolution on the magnitude and shape of the power spectrum . The angular power spectrum of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich ( SZ ) effect is calculated in the $ \Lambda $ CDM cosmological model with the aim of investigating its detailed dependence on the cluster population , gas morphology , and gas evolution . +1 As a differential equation , the p-minimal surface equation is degenerate ( hyperbolic and elliptic ) . To analyze the singular set , we formulate some { \em extension } theorems , which describe how the characteristic curves meet the singular set . +1 For nonvolatile memory applications , these simulations help to control size and location of NCs . For low concentrations of implanted Si , NCs form via nucleation , growth and Ostwald ripening , whereas for high concentrations Si separates by spinodal decomposition . +1 One of the most promising ways of improving the performance of deep convolutional neural networks is by increasing the number of convolutional layers . However , adding layers makes training more difficult and computationally expensive . +0 Due to its great mass and its rapid formation , Jupiter has played a crucial role in shaping the Solar System . Context . +0 We are interested in zeros of the partition function in the cases of complex temperature or complex external field ( Fisher and Lee-Yang zeros respectively ) . We analyze the partition function of the Ising model on graphs of two different types : complete graphs , wherein all nodes are mutually linked and annealed scale-free networks for which the degree distribution decays as $ P ( k ) \sim k^ { -\lambda } $ . +1 It appears that SFE is well-defined for arbitrary electromagnetic fields . It should be possible to calculate the dissipative pulsar magnetosphere and resolve the magnetic separatrix using SFE . +0 Plasmas , 16 , 122504 , 2009 ] , where quadratic integral quantities such as helicity and total energy were expressed as algebraic functions of the arbitrary constants of the general solution of Bessel 's equation , allowing their determination by a minimization procedure . Some of these identities have been useful in the study of Turner relaxation of annular magnetized plasma [ S.K.H.Auluck , Phys . +1 The particular problem we consider entails one process sending a `` signal '' to a subset of other processes . We show that a variant of this problem can be solved very efficiently with respect to RMRs in the CC model , but not so in the DSM model , even when we consider amortized RMR complexity . +0 In addition , we use our framework to study strongly-coupled scenarios of supersymmetry breaking mediated by gauge forces . This framework can be used to construct an N = 1 MSSM on the IR brane , reminiscent of the original Randall-Sundrum model . +1 Then we were able to make an efficient even footing comparison of the [ X/Fe ] scatter between the elements that have different number of observable spectral lines in the studied spectra . We found that the most efficient way of calculating the average abundance of elements when several spectral lines are available is to use a weighted mean ( WM ) where as a weight we considered the distance from the median abundance . +1 These data allowed us to derive accurate mean K-band magnitudes for 52 fundamental ( RR_ { ab } ) and 24 first overtone ( RR_ { c } ) RR Lyrae stars . Using this sample of RR Lyrae stars , we find that the slope of the K-band Period Luminosity ( PLK ) relation ( -2.33 \pm 0.08 ) agrees quite well with similar estimates available in the literature . +0 For low neutron star to black hole mass ratios the neutron star transfers mass to the black hole during a few cycles of orbital decay and subsequent widening before finally being disrupted , whereas for ratios near unity the neutron star is already distroyed during its first approach . The use of a physical nuclear equation of state allows us to include the effects of neutrino emission . +1 However , in general relativity it is not easy to construct indicators of chaos which are gauge-invariant . Therefore it is reasonable to start by investigating - at first - the possibility of a gauge-invariant description of local instability . +1 Here , by integrating a force-sensing micromechanical beam and an electrostatic actuator on a single chip , we demonstrate the Casimir effect between two micromachined silicon components on the same substrate . A high degree of parallelism between the two near-planar interacting surfaces can be achieved because they are defined in a single lithographic step . +0 The single-species model belongs to the directed percolation ( DP ) universality class . We study the effects of hard core ( HC ) interactions between different species of particles on two-species branching annihilating random walks with one offspring ( BAW $ _2 $ ( 1 ) ) . +1 It is found that when heavily squashed , the DWNT will become an insulator-coated metallic wire , and the conductance near the Fermi level has been significantly changed by the radial squash . Specially , several resonance conductance peaks appear at some energies in the conduction band of the squashed DWNT IMJ . +0 Detailed numerical studies reveal a relationship between the success rate of the agent and the inefficiency . The information , characterized by a quantity called the inefficiency , embedded in the agent 's strategies performance turns out to be very different from that of the other agents . +0 We show that this is insufficient to put a bound on $ \tilde { \kappa } _ { e- } ^ { ZZ } $ and the bound on $ \beta-\delta-1/2 $ represents a five-fold improvement not a ten-fold improvement as claimed . The experiment had significant systematic effects caused by the rotation of the apparatus which were only partly analysed and taken into account . +1 We consider histories characterized by position samplings at $ n $ moments of time . We use this to construct a probability distribution on the value of ( discrete approximations to ) the field equations , $ F = m \ddot x + V ' ( x ) $ , at $ n-2 $ times . +0 [ arXiv : cond-mat/0204134 , 2002 ] ) which was subsequently shown to be optimal . 52 , 1980 ] and Jim\ ' { e } nez-Monta\~ { n } o et al . +0 We extend previous studies , which were limited to one fixed neutron star mass and radius . Non-magnetic light element atmospheres can not be simultaneously reconciled with the optical and X-ray data . +0 Counterfactual computation is a process by which the result of the computation may be learnt without actually running the computer . Suppose that we are given a quantum computer programmed ready to perform a computation if it is switched on . +0 Here we analytically prove that , unlike the entropy itself , the entropy variation rate ( $ B=dS_ { a } /dt $ ) defies the monotonicity for multiple reservoirs ( $ n\geq2 $ ) . This phenomenon is known as the second law of thermodynamics ( $ S_ { a } \geq0 $ ) . +1 A uniqueness theorem is proved , namely it is shown that the minimal 2-D surface $ \Sigma $ describing a captured stationary string coincides with a { \it principal Killing surface } , i.e.a surface formed by Killing trajectories passing through a principal null ray of the Kerr-Newman geometry . Geometrical properties of principal Killing surfaces are investigated and it is shown that the internal geometry of $ \Sigma $ coincides with the geometry of a 2-D black or white hole ( { \it string hole } ) . +1 When $ \Delta\tau & lt ; 0 $ , these evanescent photons would be instantly tunneling from one light cone into another on the distance $ c| \Delta\tau| $ . ( This assertion , previously proved via dispersion relations , is described here by the temporal parameters of process . ) +1 Some pulsars have their maximum observable energy output in the gamma-ray band , offering the possibility of using these high-energy photons as probes of the particle acceleration and interaction processes in pulsar magnetospheres . After an extended hiatus between satellite missions , the recently-launched AGILE mission and the upcoming Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope ( GLAST ) Large Area Telescope ( LAT ) will allow gamma-ray tests of the theoretical models developed based on past discoveries . +1 We investigate holographic superconductors in asympototically geometries with hyperscaling violation . The mass of the scalar field decouples from the UV dimension of the dual scalar operator and can be chosen as negative as we want , without disturbing the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound . +0 $ d+r ( p-1 ) ( g-1 ) $ ) on $ X $ ( resp. $ X^ { ( 1 ) } $ ) . $ r\cdot p $ ) and degree $ d $ ( resp . +0 Both parts have been encoded within HPSG using the same resource that is the subcategorization and its principle which we have just extended . On the other hand , we have considered the conjunction { \em et ( and ) } as the head of the coordinate structure , so that coordinate structures stem simply from the subcategorization specifications of { \em et } and the general schemata of a head saturation . +0 Results of numerical simulations for shocks with considered Lorentz factors and perpendicular magnetic field inclinations are presented . We show that fluctuations of the magnetic field downstream of the shock do not play an important role in the acceleration process . +1 A common approach for introducing security at the physical layer is to rely on the channel variations of the wireless environment . This type of approach is not always suitable for wireless networks where the channel remains static for most of the network lifetime . +0 We compare fits made to the non-thermal component using two models , a simple power law and SRCUT . To illustrate this work , we examine the X-ray spectrum of the northwestern rim of an SNR suspected to have a non-thermal component to its X-ray emission , G156.2+5.7 ( RX J04591+5147 ) , over the energy range of approximately 0.7-12.0 keV using observations made by the ASCA GIS and the RXTE PCA . +0 We study the locus of curves with an etale double cover of p-rank 0 in some detail . Then we consider the Prym map and analyze it using tautological classes . +1 Recent work has shown that special field lines , called separators , are common sites of reconnection in 3D numerical experiments . To date , 3D separator reconnection sites have received little attention as particle accelerators . +0 We include the full top quark mass dependence and compare this with the result obtained in the large top-mass limit . Accordingly , we compute the coefficient function for the production of a Higgs boson from two off-shell gluons , and the impact factors for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a gluon or a quark jet . +0 Wider implications affect the tectonic conguration of the Tethyan-Pacic realm , the distribution of plate boundaries as well as the shape and size of continental blocks which have been rifted off the northeastern Gondwana margin during the Late Jurassic and are now accreted to the SE Asia margin . Either scenario has important implications for plate kinematic models aiming to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of the region and the late Jurassic seaoor spreading geometry of this now subducted Argo-Tanimbar-Seram ( ATS ) ocean basin . +1 We have studied the gamma-ray flux observed by the High Energy Stereoscopic System ( HESS ) from the J1745-290 Galactic Center source . The data are well fitted as annihilating dark matter in combination with an astrophysical background . +1 Here we solve this long-standing problem for the case of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain by explicitly constructing a GGE which uniquely fixes the macrostate describing the stationary behaviour after a general quantum quench . A crucial ingredient in our method , which readily generalizes to other integrable models , are recently discovered quasi-local charges . +0 Such reaction plane azimuthal angle dependent correlations can shed light on path-length effect of energy loss of high transverse momentum particles propagating through the hot dense medium . Dihadron azimuthal angle correlations relative to the reaction plane have been investigated in Au + Au collisions at $ \sqrt { s_ { NN } } $ = 200 GeV using a multi-phase transport model ( AMPT ) . +0 We observe a luminosity-temperature ( L-T ) relation , where the average dust temperature of log [ L_IR/L_sun ] =12.5 galaxies is about 10K higher than that of their log [ L_IR/L_sun ] =10.5 counterparts . Hot ( T & gt ; 45K ) SEDs and cold ( T & lt ; 25K ) , cirrus-dominated SEDs are rare , with most sources being within the range occupied by warm starbursts such as M82 and cool spirals such as M51 . +1 Such band matrices appear as monodromy operators in the study of certain quantum dynamical systems . These doubly infinite matrices essentially depend on an infinite sequence of phases which govern their spectral properties . +0 The goals of the survey are to calibrate the luminosity function of OH megamasers to the low-redshift galaxy merger rate ( 0.1 & lt ; z & lt ; 0.2 ) , and to use the enhanced sample of OH megamasers provided by the survey to study OH megamaser environments , engines , lifetimes , and structure . We present the preliminary results of a survey for OH megamasers underway at the Arecibo Observatory . +1 We place an upper limit on the current star formation rate of ~2.5 x 10^-3 M_sun/yr . The extended HI disk shows regular rotation ( v_rot = 51 +/- 8 km/s ) , and at a column density of ~5.0 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2 can be traced out to over six times the Holmberg radius of the stellar component ( radius at mu_B = 26.6 mag/arcsec^2 ) . +0 The cell allows one to study the behavior of the resonance absorption over the $ D_1 $ line of potassium atoms by varying the laser intensity and the cell thickness from $ L = \lambda / 2 $ to $ L = 2 \lambda $ with the step $ \lambda/2 $ ( $ \lambda =\unit [ 770 ] { nm } $ is the resonant wavelength of the laser ) . A nanometer-thin-cell ( in the direction of laser beam propagation ) has been elaborated with the thickness of the atomic vapor column varying smoothly in the range of $ L = \unit [ 50-1500 ] { nm } $ . +1 First , we study the achievable rate region of two-user GBC when the messages to be transmitted to both the users take values from finite signal sets and the received signal is quantized at both the users . We refer to this channel as { \em quantized broadcast channel ( QBC ) } . +1 A large class of non-minimal gauge mediation models , such as ( semi- ) direct gauge mediation , predict a hierarchy between the masses of the supersymmetric standard model gauginos and those of scalar particles . We perform a comprehensive study of these non-minimal gauge mediation models , including mass calculations in semi-direct gauge mediation , to illustrate these features , and discuss the phenomenology of the models . +1 Our algorithms have respective running times $ O ( n^2\log n ) $ when $ P $ is monotonic and $ O ( n^2\log^2 n ) $ when $ P $ is an arbitrary simple polyline . Finally , we examine the application of our algorithms iteratively in a bootstrapping technique to define a smooth robust non-parametric approximation of the original sequence . +1 All three absorbers show similar metallicities ( -1.3 to -1.5 dex ) , and dust depletion of Fe , Ni , and Mn . Two of the absorbers show supersolar [ S/Zn ] and [ Si/Zn ] . +1 Some of these identities have been useful in the study of Turner relaxation of annular magnetized plasma [ S.K.H.Auluck , Phys . Plasmas , 16 , 122504 , 2009 ] , where quadratic integral quantities such as helicity and total energy were expressed as algebraic functions of the arbitrary constants of the general solution of Bessel 's equation , allowing their determination by a minimization procedure . +1 Although the approach yielded optimal speed-up in the PRAM model , we require additional techniques to optimize cache-misses in an oblivious setting . Under a mild assumption on input and number of processors our algorithm will have optimal time and cache misses with high probability . +1 The asymptotic results can be applied to assess patterns of marginal densities or regression functions via the construction of simultaneous confidence bands for which one can perform goodness-of-fit tests . As an application , we construct simultaneous confidence bands for drift and volatility functions in a dynamic short-term rate model for the U.S. Treasury yield curve rates data . +0 We propose a structure with an odd number of layers in the primitive unit-cell as a prerequisite for forming weak topological insulators . We report the discovery of weak topological insulators by ab initio calculations in a honeycomb lattice . +0 We give a new characterization of right $ SAP $ rings , right $ V $ rings , and von Neumann regular rings . The rings whose simple right modules are absolutely pure are called right $ SAP $ -rings . +1 The basic equations for the spherical problem are then introduced and the onset of columnar convection in spherical shells is discussed . The onset of inertial mode convection is described which prevails at very low Prandtl numbers . +1 We investigate the transition radiation on a periodically deformed interface between two dielectric media . Under the assumption that the dielectric permittivities of the media are close , a formula is derived for the spectral-angular distribution of the radiated energy in the general case of non-static profile function for the separating boundary . +0 Using \textit { ab initio } calculations , we have explored the energetic and structural properties under pressure of these two carbon based cage-like materials . We present a theoretical study on the behavior under pressure of the two hypothetical C $ _ { 46 } $ and Li $ _8 $ C $ _ { 46 } $ type-I carbon clathrates in order to bring new informations concerning their synthesis . +0 A well-tested combination of codes is used to study the system . Here we present a fully three-dimensional simulation of a violent merger of two carbon-oxygen white dwarfs with masses of $ 0.9 \mathrm { M_\odot } $ and $ 1.1 \mathrm { M_\odot } $ combining very high resolution and exact initial conditions . +0 In this paper we consider the effect that abnormal granulation observed in active regions should have on the propagation of acoustic waves . One possible such mechanism is suggested by the observation that granular motions in plage areas tend to be slightly `` abnormal '' , dampened compared to quiet sun . +0 We detect a fluorescent Fe line at approx 6.4 keV . The X-ray emitting plasma reaches temperatures up to 50\ , MK , and is embedded within the un-shocked , `` cool '' stellar wind as revealed by characteristic spectral signatures . +1 We test our formulation with a simple advection problem , with sound waves encountering a density discontinuity , and with shock tubes containing a contact discontinuity between air and Diesel oil . For all examined problems where particles have different masses , the new formulation yields better results than standard SPH . +1 As a function of this polarization angle we present the scattering results in both the threshold and semi-classical regimes . We find a series of resonances as a function of the angle which allows the scattering to be tuned . +0 In this paper we will describe the brief details about the coastal sea state forecasting system of NIMH- BAS and a case study of the storm of 07-08 February 2012 , which is the severest storm in our coastal area for the last decade ( and probably longer period ) . For the purposes of the coastal forecasts and early warnings in case of severe storms we decided to implement SWAN ( Simulating the Waves Near Shore ) - development of TU- DELFT . +0 For massive ( $ M_ { 200 } \gtrsim 10^ { 12 } { \rm M_ { \odot } } $ ) halos the covering fraction profiles are nearly scale-invariant and we provide fitting functions that reproduce the simulation results . We predict the covering fractions of strong HI absorbers ( $ N_ { \rm { HI } } \gtrsim 10^ { 17 } \rm { cm } ^ { -2 } $ ) inside haloes to increase rapidly with redshift but to depend only weakly on halo mass . +1 The effects of measurement non-ideality are also investigated . Our findings have important implications for precision local electrical measurements . +0 Moreover , we show that for any $ \a & gt ; 0 $ and for all inverse temperatures $ \b $ , the free energy converges to that of the REM at inverse temperature $ \b/\sqrt\a $ . We prove that as $ p\uparrow\infty $ , $ \b_p\to\sqrt { \a 2\ln 2 } $ . +0 In particular , it is sensitive to the difference in the fragmentation functions of B^0_d and B^0_s mesons . We show that in the realistic case when phase-space cuts are applied , the asymmetry depends also on the details of the production mechanism for the B mesons . +0 The paper is primarily aimed at the outburst of J004457+4123 ( Sharov 21 ) , with the first part focussed on the optical spectroscopy and the improvement in the photometric database . We announce the discovery of a quasar behind the disk of M31 , which was previously classified as a remarkable nova in our neighbour galaxy . +0 Their surface-brightness distribution was fitted to a Sersic profile using the GASP2D algorithm . We analyzed the near-infrared photometric and structural properties of a sample of 20 BGGs present in FGs in order to better understand their formation mechanisms . +0 The risk-sharing Nash equilibrium admits a finite-dimensional characterisation and it is proved to exist for general number of agents and be unique in the two-agent game . First , it is shown that agents ' best response problems have unique solutions , even when the underlying probability space is infinite . +1 This is a special case of the equivariant sectional category of an equivariant map , also defined in this paper . The relationship of these invariants with the equivariant Lusternik-Schnirelmann category is given . +0 For low concentrations of implanted Si , NCs form via nucleation , growth and Ostwald ripening , whereas for high concentrations Si separates by spinodal decomposition . For nonvolatile memory applications , these simulations help to control size and location of NCs . +0 We demonstrate that previous empirical photometric calibrations of M dwarf metallicity exploiting this correlation systematically underestimate or overestimate metallicity at the extremes of their range . The location of M dwarfs in the V-K_s -- M_Ks color-magnitude diagram ( CMD ) has been shown to correlate with metallicity . +0 In particular , we consider the three-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model in the presence of a trapping harmonic potential coupled with the particle density , which is a realistic model of cold bosonic atoms in optical lattices . We investigate the critical behavior of trapped particle systems at the low-temperature superfluid transition . +1 A complex structure in pseudorapidity and azimuth is observed at both collision energies . Results are compared to Pythia 8 and Herwig++ as well as to the AMBT2B , DW and Perugia 2011 tunes of Pythia 6 . +0 The total dust-corrected ionizing photon luminosity is Q=3.2x10^ { 53 } photons/s , in good agreement with previous estimates . The bulk of the sources are at least marginally resolved , with mean radii ~60 pc , electron density n_e ~ 9 cm^ { -3 } , and filling factor \phi_ { HII } =0.005 ( over the Galactic gas disk ) . +1 In order to obtain the different parameters and filters of the proposed model we use a statistical method based on Bayesian inference . The final comparison of results is coherent but a complementary experimental procedure is necessary to calibrate and refine the model +1 Results are presented on the stability of the inversion procedure , including the optimal combination scheme , under the influence of data noise . The method is applied to the simulated inversion of a double well system . +0 Even though this approach is necessarily probabilistic , successful generation of entanglement is heralded by the photon detection event . Remarkably , it is possible to generate entanglement even in the absence of direct interactions : provided that which path information is erased , weak spin-state dependent light scattering can be used to project two distant spins onto a maximally entangled state upon detection of a single photon . +0 We study the connection between eigenvalue statistics on microscopic energy scales $ \eta\ll1 $ and ( de ) localization properties of the eigenvectors . The matrix is normalized so that the average spacing between consecutive eigenvalues is of order $ 1/N $ . +0 It is shown that the first one is equivalent to the covariant 3-momentum cut-off ( dispersion cut-off ) scheme in the equal-time formulation . Two regularization schemes in terms of light-cone variables are discussed : An extension of the 'invariant mass cut-off scheme ' , and a transverse momentum cut-off scheme . +1 Unlike the democracy indices we have today the ADS are replicable and have standard errors small enough to actually distinguish between cases . The ADS are produced with supervised learning . +1 When $ \tau/2\pi $ , where $ \tau $ is the kick period , is very close to a rational number , the localization length is larger than the typical localization length . We analytically prove anomalous localization and confirm it by numerical calculations . +1 Many species show avoidance reactions in response to looming object approaches . In locusts , the corresponding escape behavior correlates with the activity of the lobula giant movement detector ( LGMD ) neuron . +0 It should be possible to calculate the dissipative pulsar magnetosphere and resolve the magnetic separatrix using SFE . It appears that SFE is well-defined for arbitrary electromagnetic fields . +1 Such the cover gives rise to Grothendieck 's topology on category of correct syntax diagrams extended by neighbourhoods ' diagrams . An each object of the category may be mapped to the set of meanings ( abstract senses ) of this syntax construction . +0 Our approach yields integrands that are independent of the choice of CSW reference spinor even before integration . We extract the finite part of spurious external-bubble contributions systematically ; this is crucial for the application of integrand-level CSW rules in theories without supersymmetry . +1 We analyse the kinematics of disc stars observed by the RAVE survey in and beyond the Solar neighbourhood.We detect significant overdensities in the velocity distributions using a technique based on the wavelet transform.We find that the main local kinematic groups are large scale features , surviving at least up to ~1 kpc from the Sun in the direction of anti-rotation , and also at ~700 pc below the Galactic plane.We also find that for regions located at different radii than the Sun , the known groups appear shifted in the velocity plane . For example , the Hercules group has a larger azimuthal velocity for regions inside the Solar circle and a lower value outside . +1 p\ ! -\ ! 1 ) $ to $ M $ that take values in Grassmannians of $ M $ . These maps are studied for two classes of finite algebraic groups , infinitesimal group schemes and elementary abelian group schemes . +0 In particular , our result includes ( relativistic ) symmetric stable processes and finite-range stable processes in $ C^ { 1 , \eta } $ open sets when $ \eta \in ( \alpha/2 , 1 ] $ . We establish two-sided estimates for the transition densities of such processes in $ C^ { 1 , \eta } $ open sets when $ \eta \in ( \alpha/2 , 1 ] $ . +1 Puppis A is an interesting ~4 kyr-old supernova remnant ( SNR ) that shows strong evidence of interaction between the forward shock and a molecular cloud . It has been studied in detail from radio frequencies to high-energy ( HE , 0.1-100 GeV ) gamma-rays . +0 The first class of solutions yields an $ ( n+1 ) $ -dimensional spacetime with a longitudinal magnetic field generated by a static source . We obtain two new classes of magnetic brane solutions in third order Lovelock gravity . +0 In addition , some of the objects may be embedded in , and interacting with , the extended neutral and ionised gas filaments of the Magellanic Stream . This finding is consistent with the general HI deficiency of satellite galaxies located within the Milky Way 's virial radius and supports the hypothesis that gas is being removed from satellites by tidal and ram-pressure forces during perigalactic passages . +1 Particles representing the solution are moved according to their characteristic velocities . Particle interaction is resolved locally , satisfying exact conservation of area . +0 The coarse-scale calibration sample includes observations of stars with flux densities from 22 mJy to 17 Jy , on backgrounds from 4 to 26 MJy sr^-1 , and with spectral types from B to M. The coarse-scale calibration is 702 +/- 35 MJy sr^-1 MIPS70^-1 ( 5 % uncertainty ) and is based on measurements of 66 stars . Based on the PSF fitting photometry , the calibration factor shows no strong trend with flux density , background , spectral type , exposure time , or time since anneals . +1 The resummation follows from the principal of maximum conformality ( PMC ) and assigns a unique scale for the running coupling at each perturbative order . The final result is independent of the initial choices of renormalization scheme and scale , in accordance with the principles of the renormalization group , and thus eliminates an unnecessary source of systematic error in physical predictions . +0 We classify all representations of $ \mathbb { C } ^* $ for which $ p^*_ { \infty } $ is surjective or an isomorphism . Using Luna 's slice theorem , we give criteria for $ p_m^* $ to be an isomorphism for all $ m $ , and we prove this when $ G=SL_n $ , $ GL_n $ , $ SO_n $ , or $ Sp_ { 2n } $ and $ V $ is a sum of copies of the standard representation and its dual , such that $ V//G $ is smooth or a complete intersection . +1 The compound for x = 0.5 is identified as the one with the highest conductivity ( { \sigma } ~ 678 S/cm ) and lowest activation energy for polaron conductivity ( Ep = 39 meV ) . The evolution of the electronic structure was monitored by soft x-ray Fe and oxygen K-edge spectroscopy . +0 The spectra are flux-calibrated and telluric-corrected . The sample contains O -- M , long-period variable ( LPV ) , C and S stars . +1 It provides an extensive overview of various aspects of pedestrian dynamics , focussing on evacuation processes . First the current status of empirical results is critically reviewed as it forms the basis for the calibration of models needed for quantitative predictions . +1 The light entering the front end is refocused with a compact arrangement of mirrors , which is fully contained within the cartridge . The arrangement contains a grid to separate the polarizations and two beam splitters to combine each resulting beam with a local oscillator signal . +1 We introduce a theoretical model for the compaction of granular materials by discrete vibrations which is expected to hold when the intensity of vibration is low . The dynamical unit is taken to be clusters of granules that belong to the same collective structure . +0 Here we work further on the application of variational methods to clustering problems . In most cases the solution is explored via Monte Carlo sampling or variational methods . +0 A Lindemann criterion shows that the reduction of dimensionality causes a finite periodic chain of these defects to readily melt as the temperature is raised . We obtain the effective interaction between these defects . +1 This product can be used for decision support for projects ranging from diplomatic , information , military , and economic ( DIME ) factors of propagation/evolution of ideas , to commercial sales , trading indicators across sectors of financial markets , advertising and political campaigns , etc . A statistical mechanical model of neocortical interactions , developed by the author and tested successfully in describing short-term memory and EEG indicators , is the proposed model . +0 As theorists we use and play with this free choice of factorization , which is naturally fixed for an experimentalist . We discuss our general statements in detail for the familiar case of qubits , the GHZ states , Werner states and Gisin states , emphasizing their geometric features . +0 In particular , we study the distribution of effective temperatures , the shape of the color-magnitude diagram , and the corresponding magnitude and color distributions . Here we present a population synthesis study of the cooling sequence of the globular cluster 47 Tucanae . +1 Using deprojected 16 clusters and 12 groups from the literature , we find that $ K\propto r^ { 0.96\pm0.01 } $ , consistent with the mean power-law index $ ( 0.9\mbox { -- } 1.1 ) $ of previous studies . A similarly good fit is given by a $ \tau\propto r^ { 0.72\pm0.01 } $ ratio between cooling and free-fall times . +1 For this scenario , we derive sample complexity bound for the Minimum Disagreement Algorithm ( MDA ) on the number of labeled examples to be obtained from each annotator . Next , we consider the incomplete information scenario , where each annotator is strategic and holds the respective noise rate as a private information . +0 These show different paths with respect to temperature : In the ZFC/ZFH process , weak SHG was observed at low temperature , while in the FH/ZFC process , relatively high SHG appears in a limited temperature range below TF depending on the field strength , and in the FC and FH/FC processes , the SHG exhibits ferroelectric-like temperature dependence : it appears at the freezing temperature of 50K , increases with decreasing temperature and has a tendency of saturation . Using optical second-harmonic generation ( SHG ) microscope , we observed a marked history dependence of SHG intensity through zero-field cooling ( ZFC ) , zero-field heating ( ZFH ) , field heating after ZFC ( FH/ZFC ) and FH after field cooling ( FH/FC ) . +1 The achievement of sustained nuclear fusion in magnetically confined plasma relies on efficient confinement of high-energy ions produced by the fusion reaction . Such particles can excite Alfven Eigenmodes ( AEs ) , which significantly degrade their confinement and threatens the vacuum vessel of future reactors . +0 Local graph partitioning algorithms [ ST08 , ACL06 , AP09 ] run in time that is nearly linear in the size of the output set , and their approximation guarantee is worse than the guarantee provided by the Cheeger inequalities by a polylogarithmic $ \log^ { \Omega ( 1 ) } n $ factor . Spectral partitioning is a simple , nearly-linear time , algorithm to find sparse cuts , and the Cheeger inequalities provide a worst-case guarantee for the quality of the approximation found by the algorithm . +0 The survey is being performed using three ESO telescopes in parallel . We discuss the rationale and the present status of a large redshift survey aiming at measuring distances for all the clusters of galaxies detected by the ROSAT X -- ray All -- Sky Survey in the southern hemisphere , with flux larger than $ \sim 2\times 10^ { -12 } $ erg s $ ^ { -1 } $ cm $ ^ { -2 } $ . +0 However , the difficulty of solving a nonlinear operator partial differential equation such as the quantum Hamilton-Jacobi equation ( QHJE ) has hindered progress along this otherwise promising avenue . Based on their classical analogues , one would expect them to provide a powerful quantum tool . +0 Between the superoutbursts MN Dra displayed negative superhumps . During the course of first superoutburst period of positive superhumps decreased with extremely large $ \dot P = -1.5 \times 1.0^ { -4 } $ for SU UMa-like dwarf novae , confirming known behavior of MN Dra [ 1 ] . +1 The network appears to be driven to a random Boolean network with uniform in-degree of two in the large network limit . However , for biologically realized network sizes , significant finite-size effects are observed including a broad in-degree distribution and an average in-degree connection between two and three . +1 Optical frequency combs have revolutionized the field of frequency metrology within the last decade and have become enabling tools for atomic clocks , gas sensing and astrophysical spectrometer calibration . The rapidly increasing number of applications has heightened interest in more compact comb generators . +1 Through the analysis of the system 's time evolution and its time and space correlations , we have obtained numerical evidence for two stochastic resonance-like behavior . Such behavior is seen when both , the usual and a generalized signal-to-noise ratio function are depicted as a function of the external noise intensity or the system size . +0 The sequence S as an aggregation of N data elements , there are N ! Shuffling is the process of arranging data elements into a random permutation . +1 showing that this is a macroscopic effect . Being of a dynamic origin the currents can be destroyed by inelastic scattering , but we argue that the corresponding decay time can at low enough temperatures be large compared to all other time scales of the system . +0 We derive a simple relationship between the `` porosity '' of the ISM and the star formation rate ( SFR ) , and deduce a critical SFR_crit , at which the ISM porosity is unity . We show that in this case , the volume of HI cleared per SN is considerably greater than in either of the two cases considered hitherto . +1 The renormalization group is used to construct the effective interaction V_ { low k } in the low momentum space , starting from various high precision potential models commonly used in nuclear many-body calculations . With a cutoff in the range of $ \Lambda ~ 2.1 fm^ { -1 } $ , the new potential V_ { low k } is independent of the input model , and reproduces the experimental phase shift data for corresponding laboratory energies below $ E_ { lab } ~ 350 MeV $ , as well as the deuteron binding energy with similar accuracy as the realistic input potentials . +0 The spreading of charge on thin resistive layers is also discussed in detail , and the conditions for allowing the effect to be described by the diffusion equation is discussed . The effect of 'bulk ' resistivity on electric fields and signals is investigated . +1 The infrared behaviour of the medium modified gluon propagator in non-equilibrium situations is studied in the covariant gauge using the Schwinger-Keldysh closed-time path formalism . It is shown that the magnetic screening mass is non-zero at the one loop level whenever the initial gluon distribution function is non isotropic with the assumption that the distribution function of the gluon is not divergent at zero transverse momentum . +0 In the case of three generation oscillations , superpartner production at the LHC and NLC may lead to an observable $ CP $ -violating signal $ N ( e^+\mu^- ) - N ( \mu^+e^- ) $ . In supersymmetric theories the charged sleptons of different generations may oscillate amongst themselves while they decay . +1 45 ( 2012 ) , 405301 , 13 pages ] have given a number of distinct sets of three-qubit observables , each furnishing a proof of the Kochen-Specker theorem . Here it is demonstrated that two of these sets/configurations , namely the $ 18_ { 2 } - 12_ { 3 } $ and $ 2_ { 4 } 14_ { 2 } - 4_ { 3 } 6_ { 4 } $ ones , can uniquely be extended into geometric hyperplanes of the split Cayley hexagon of order two , namely into those of types $ { \cal V } _ { 22 } ( 37 ; 0 , 12 , 15 , 10 ) $ and $ { \cal V } _ { 4 } ( 49 ; 0 , 0 , 21 , 28 ) $ in the classification of Frohardt and Johnson [ Comm . +1 Finally , all-to-all transmission probability calculations are performed in order to get an order-of-magnitude estimate of the current-voltage characteristics of this junction model . The computed currents are within the range of the few available experimental observations on scanning tunneling microscope ( STM ) currents in water , indicating that our calculation may have taken into account all the important physical attributes of such systems . +1 On the other hand , it is shown that no finite set of moves exists , even in type A , for arbitrary crystal graph intervals . In fact , it is shown that there are relations of arbitrarily high degree amongst crystal operators that are not implied by lower degree relations . +0 Based on their aerodynamical properties ( i.e. , their strong dynamical coupling with the surrounding gas ) it is often assumed that these small grains are well-mixed with the gas . For example , they dominate the optical depth at short wavelengths and their surfaces are the sites of many important chemical reactions such as the formation of water . +1 We show how in the new minimal formalism matter coupling presents certain features absent in other formalisms . In particular , for the large class of matter couplings considered in this paper , matter must possess an R-symmetry , which is gauged by the vector field which becomes dynamical in the `` new minimal '' completion of the $ R+\alpha R^2 $ theory . +1 Quantum properties are soon subject to decoherence once the quantum system interacts with the classical environment . In this paper we experimentally test how propagation losses , in a Gaussian channel , affect the bi-partite Gaussian entangled state generated by a sub-threshold type-II optical parametric oscillator ( OPO ) . +1 The quantum vacua are described by a vanishing torsion in a gauge choice , underlying a geometric realization , on a non-BPS brane . It is argued that the quantum Kerr vacua undergo tunneling and lead to a five dimensional Kerr black hole in Einstein vacuum . +0 Specifically , A has real rank zero if and only if the natural map from K_0 ( A ) to the continuous affine functions on the tracial state space has dense range , A has the Property ( SP ) if and only if the range of this map contains strictly positive functions with arbitrarily small norm . We give criteria which specify exactly when A has real rank zero , and exactly when A has the Property ( SP ) : every nonzero hereditary subalgebra of A contains a nonzero projection . +0 Special attention is paid to the transition energy region where the onset of the effect of a finite nuclear size is observed . This paper describes an implementation of several corrections to dE/dx in order to take into account the deviations from the Bethe theory at low and high energies as well as the effect of a finite nuclear size at ultra-relativistic energies . +0 It is further possible to quantify the scaling behavior of the information theoretic observables in the vicinity of the critical point . By using the above information theoretic observables it is possible to detect changes in the spatial structure of the ground states as the critical point is approached . +1 Spatial maps of wave traveltimes and amplitudes are measured from the cross-covariance function of the random wave field . The averaging procedure is such that incoming wave packets are plane wave packets . +0 We wish to optimize the search for both detection and computational efficiencies . Aims : The search for transiting planets in these long time series is computationally intensive . +0 We focus on cases where the clusters are inequivalent in the sense of not being related by a temporal symmetry , and demonstrate that there are coupling functions that give robust heteroclinic networks between periodic states involving three or more nontrivial clusters . In this work we clarify the relationship between the coupling function and the dynamics . +0 However , we have found an exact reformulation of fluctuating-charge models in terms of atomic charges again , which is made possible by the symmetries of classical electrostatics . The correct asymptotics originally came at the price of representing the solution in terms of charge-transfer variables instead of atomic charges . +0 One consequence of our computation is a bound on the multiplicities of divisors at a general point of the moduli of stable bundles of rank two on a curve . For many examples of Fano manifolds this method can be used to compute the minimal length of chains needed to join two general points . +0 The general theory is illustrated on the example of IGL_qr ( 2 ) . Our procedure unifies in a single structure the quantum plane coordinates and the q-group matrix elements T^a_b , and allows to deduce without effort the differential calculus on the q-plane IGL_qr ( N ) / GL_qr ( N ) . +1 Our results reveal that although this property of TD does not shows up for pure states and for some particular classes of mixed states , it is present in a non-negligible fraction of the regarded density operators . Hence , even though the percentage of quartets of states leading to the NMuTP drawback of TD and its strength decrease as the system 's dimension grows , this property of TD must be taken into account before using it as a figure of merit for distinguishing mixed quantum states . +0 The main contribution of our work is a lower bound for the accumulate distribution of the minimum s-t cut capacity . The graph ensemble treated in this paper consists of weighted graphs with arbitrary specified degree distribution . +1 We find that even for halos not undergoing major mergers the mass accretion rates are plausibly sufficient to account for the high star formation rates observed in z~2 disks . On the other hand , the fraction of major mergers in the Millennium Simulation is sufficient to account for the number counts of submillimeter galaxies ( SMGs ) , in support of observational evidence that these are major mergers . +0 relies on the s-factors extracted by Assuncao et al . We demonstrate that the so claimed `` rigorous data selection criteria '' used by Schuermann et al . +1 Due to its proximity to the Hubble scale , the new physics is not necessarily decoupled from inflationary observables and can potentially affect the predictions of the model . To understand the types of corrections that may arise , we construct weakly-coupled completions of the theory and study their observational signatures . +0 We also get good agreement with data from angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy experiments . The linear dispersion of graphene gives lifetime energy dependences that are qualitatively different from those of parabolic-band semiconductors . +0 This computational advantage of AdaBoostDB can make a difference in problems managing huge pools of weak classifiers in which boosting techniques are commonly used . Experiments , both over synthetic and real datasets , reveal that AdaBoostDB is able to save over 99 % training time with regard to Cost-Sensitive AdaBoost , providing the same cost-sensitive results . +1 use it to mark the plural in symbols or abbreviations , visual-ised thanks to the isolation of the morpheme `` s '' . This punctuation mark was imported from the Continent in the 16th century . +0 This is in large part because of a lack of understanding of the state of matter out of which the superconductivity arises . Although nineteen years have passed since the discovery of high temperature superconductivity , there is still no consensus on its physical origin . +0 We also make comments regarding the d $ 2d N=4 conformal Liouville description of the Higgs branch throat by following the analysis of [ 18 ] . For $ \gamma=1 $ , we obtain new models which flow in the infrared to 2d N= ( 4,4 ) conformal models and we show that the classical moduli spaces are given by intersecting cotangent weighted complex projective spaces containing the small instanton singularity , discussed in [ 17 ] , as a leading special case . +1 This calculation generalizes the analysis of the shutter problem and sets the basis for the calculation of the transmission of general wave packets , aiming to work out the explicit contribution of the resonant ( Gamow ) states . The method relies mainly on the analytical properties of the Green function . +0 The solutions depend on the coupling constant alpha of the ( partial_i ln N ) ^2 term . This completes previous works of other authors that have studied the same configurations . +0 However after several decades of research , the nature and origin of the in-gap states remain unclear . SmB6 is a typical KI , but its resistivity does not diverge at low temperatures , which was attributed to some in-gap states 3-10 . +0 Although the phase boundary can form a classical diffusive `` shrinking core '' when the dynamics is bulk-transport-limited , the theory also predicts a new regime of surface-reaction-limited ( SRL ) dynamics , where the phase boundary extends from surface to surface along planes of fast ionic diffusion , consistent with recent experiments on LiFePO4 . It is based on an existing phase-field formulation of the bulk free energy and incorporates two crucial effects : ( i ) anisotropic ionic mobility in the crystal and ( ii ) surface reactions governing the flux of ions across the electrode/electrolyte interface , depending on the local free energy difference . +1 The investigation helps us to find that the optical theorem has severe contradictions and problem , thus is n't right . Besides , the calculation of a physical amplitude show that the ameliorated cutting rules keeps the physical result gauge-parameter independent . +0 The balancing principle as an adaptive choice of the step size is also studied . The regularizing properties of an a priori choice of the step size are analyzed , with the smoothness of the involved functions carefully taken into consideration . +0 This considerably extends the pulse period history and covers flaring episodes in 2005 and 2008 . We present an analysis of the highly variable accreting X-ray pulsar 3A 1954+319 using 2005-2009 monitoring data obtained with INTEGRAL and Swift . +1 Much of what we know about neutrinos , and hope to learn in the future , is derived from a unique feature of neutrinos -- `` oscillation '' among neutrino `` flavor '' types . An initial neutrino flavor will in general oscillate into another flavor as the neutrino propagates in space and time . +0 C 76 , 014312 ( 2007 ) ] which were constructed through a complete readjustment of the rest of the functional ( ii ) parameterizations whose tensor terms have been added perturbatively to existing Skyrme interactions , with or without readjusting the spin-orbit coupling constant . We compare results obtained with three different families of Skyrme parameterizations whose tensor terms have been adjusted on properties of spherical nuclei : ( i ) TIJ interactions proposed in the first paper of this series [ T. Lesinski et al. , Phys.Rev . +1 Traditionally , RNA-seq experiments are mathematically averaged -- they sequence the mRNA of individuals from different treatment groups , hoping to correlate phenotype with differences in arithmetic read count averages at shared loci of interest . Alternatively , the tissue from the same individuals may be pooled prior to sequencing in what we refer to as a biologically averaged design . +1 As the angular rotation frequency $ \Omega $ is increased , the oscillation frequency $ \omega $ of the $ r $ -modes in the thin envelopes deviates appreciably from the asymptotic frequency $ \omega=2m\Omega/l^\prime ( l^\prime+1 ) $ defined in the limit of $ \Omega\to 0 $ , where $ \omega $ is the frequency observed in the corotating frame of the star , and $ m $ and $ l^\prime $ are the indices of the spherical harmonic function $ Y_ { l^\prime } ^m $ representing the angular dependence of the modes . We find that the fundamental $ r $ -modes in the convective models are destabilized by strong nuclear burning in the convective region . +0 Recently the LHCb collaboration announced a $ 2.6 \sigma $ deviation in the measurement of $ R_K= { \cal { B } } ( \bar B \to \bar K \mu \mu ) / { \cal { B } } ( \bar B \to \bar K ee ) $ from the standard model 's prediction of lepton universality . Flavor changing neutral current $ |\Delta B|=|\Delta S|=1 $ processes are sensitive to possible new physics at the electroweak scale and beyond , providing detailed information about flavor , chirality and Lorentz structure . +0 When f ' ( alpha ) =0 and A is non derogatory , we solve completely the equation XA-AX=f ( X ) . We assume that there exists a unique alpha satisfying f ( alpha ) =0 . +0 In the course of several weeks , optically thin regions become more prominent as strong emission lines replace the broad disc absorption . In the early stages of the outburst , the optically thick disc dominates the optical and the line components show clear orbital radial velocity excursions . +1 93 , 150601 ( 2004 ) ] in the general idea that the phase transition is signaled by a topological discontinuity . We show that in both models the phase transition energy v_c is actually non-coincident with , and always higher than , the energy v_theta at which a topological change appears . +0 We find a series of resonances as a function of the angle which allows the scattering to be tuned . As a function of this polarization angle we present the scattering results in both the threshold and semi-classical regimes . +1 An important element that distinguishes our study from other works is a consistent allowance for the evolution of the angle between the magnetic and spin axes . We find the distribution of extinct radio pulsars in spin period for two models : the model with hindered particle escape from the neutron star surface and the model with free particle escape . +0 First it proposes a new method to identify and estimate multiple diffusion directions within a voxel through a new and identifiable parametrization of the widely used multi-tensor model . The contribution of this paper is threefold . +0 86 , 304 ( 2001 ) , ibid . We show the relevance of this effect by identifying clear signatures of Gphi in the data of T. Kontos et al [ Phys.Rev.Lett . +0 We calculate the properties of the wells and bound levels , and show that their lifetimes are limited by that of the constituent Rydberg atoms . These wells are shown to support many bound states . +1 Delay tomography has so far burdened source and receiver measurement nodes in a network with two requirements such as path establishment and clock synchronization between them . In this letter , we focus on the clock synchronization problem in delay tomography and propose a synchronization-free delay tomography scheme . +0 In standard models , the Bayesian predictive update corresponds to familiar choices of copula but , in nonparametric problems , the appropriate copula may not have a closed-form expression . This paper shows that online Bayesian prediction is possible by a characterizing the Bayesian predictive update in terms of a bivariate copula , making it unnecessary to pass through the posterior to update the predictive . +0 It is shown that the distribution of random paths are markedly different for diverse complex network models ( i.e.Erdos-Renyi , Barabasi-Albert , Watts-Strogatz , a geographical model , as well as two recently introduced path-based network types ) , with the BA structures yielding the shortest random walks , while the longest paths are produced by WS networks . Random paths are obtained by selecting one of the network nodes at random and performing a random self-avoiding walk ( here called path-walk ) until its termination . +1 Special attention is given to the motion of test observers in 5 dimensions , and the circumstances under which they are confined to Sigma_0 . For each 5-dimensional scenario considered , the requirement that observers be confined to the embedded spacetime places restrictions on the 4-geometry . +1 The data have been taken with the Plastic-Ball detector set-up for 4.9 GeV p + Au collisions at the Berkeley BEVALAC and for 200 $ A\cdot $ GeV/ $ c $ p- , O- , and S-induced reactions on different nuclei at the CERN-SPS . The yield of protons at backward rapidities is found to be proportional to the target mass . +1 The wave-guide in question is equipped with a mirror below and a rough absorber above . We show that such a system acts as a quantum filter , i.e.it effectively absorbs quantum states with sufficiently high transversal energy but transmits low-energy states . +1 Here we carry out a set of numerical simulations of a stratified , turbulently stirred , radiatively cooled medium , which uncover a fundamental transition at a critical one-dimensional turbulent velocity of ~ 35 km/s . At turbulent velocities below ~35 km/s , corresponding to temperatures below 300,000 K , the medium is stable , as the time for gas to cool is roughly constant as a function of temperature . +0 We discuss the importance of using Chandra for obtaining sub-arcsecond X-ray localizations of short GRB afterglows to study GRB environments . Furthermore , we see an offset of 1.0 +- 0.2 arcseconds , which corresponds to 8.4 +- 1.7 kpc , between the host and the afterglow position . +0 The effect of different hyperonic potentials , namely $ \Sigma $ and $ \Xi $ potentials , on the EoS and hence the maximum mass of neutron stars has been studied . The IUFSU model is extended by including hyperons to study the neutron star in $ \beta $ equilibrium . +0 Finally , the resulting algebra of observables is shown to satisfy the wave equation with the usual canonical commutation relations . The latter is employed to quantize the field in the framework of Dimock . +0 107 , 137201 ( 2011 ) ] . Furthermore , we generalize the exact ( non-perturbative ) form of the steady state for just two Lindblad channels ( spin-up flipping on the left , and spin-down flipping on the right ) to an arbitrary ( asymmetric ) ratio of the spin flipping rates [ Phys.Rev.Lett . +1 The second one is defined on the Hochschild homology associated with a cyclic , multiplicative operad of graded modules . The latter can be applied to Bousfield-Salvatore spectral sequence converging to the homology of the space of framed long knots . +0 When such unseen words are encountered at test time , they are typically represented by either their initial vectors or a single unknown vector , which often leads to errors . But what about words not contained in the supervised training data ? +1 It is often possible to obtain or infer multiple types of relations from the same set of nodes , such as observed friend connections , inferred links via semantic comparison , or relations based off of geographic proximity . These edge sets can be represented by one multi-layer network . +0 Nitrogen hydrides are key molecules of nitrogen chemistry . Nitrogen is the fifth most abundant element in the Universe , yet the gas-phase chemistry of N-bearing species remains poorly understood . +1 As a consequence , every object in such a model category has a naturally associated endomorphism ring inside this spectra category . We establish the basic properties of this enrichment . +1 Such a layer could have an observable signature in both long-term and short-term variations of the magnetic field of the Earth , which are used to probe the flow at the top of the core . Indeed , with the recent SWARM mission , it seems reasonable to be able to identify waves propagating in the core with period of several months , which may play an important role in the large-scale dynamics . +0 In the ergodic regime , the disorder extends applicability of the equilibrium linear -- response theory to stronger drivings , whereas the response of the MBL systems is very distinctive , revealing currents with damped oscillations . We study systems which are close to or within the many-body localized ( MBL ) regime and are driven by strong electric field . +0 Here a third model for a quantum walk is proposed , which is based on an analogy to optical interferometers . The continuous walk operates with continuous time . +0 The Rayleigh model of dynamic soaring , also called the two layer model , makes a 2-dimensional approximation of the wind field and glider trajectory . It is believed that albatrosses power their flight through dynamic soaring , a technique where energy is extracted from horizontally blowing shear winds . +0 The first such bound , independently discovered by many groups of researchers since 1983 , was 5.19 . The previous best such bound , due to Dubois in 1999 , was 4.506 . +1 We construct the multiscale representation for hierarchy of partition functions by means of the variational approach and multiresolution decomposition . Numerical modeling shows the creation of various internal structures from fundamental localized ( eigen ) modes . +1 A construction of integrable hamiltonian systems associated with different graded realizations of untwisted loop algebras is proposed . Such systems have the form of Euler - Arnold equations on orbits of loop algebras . +1 Although nineteen years have passed since the discovery of high temperature superconductivity , there is still no consensus on its physical origin . This is in large part because of a lack of understanding of the state of matter out of which the superconductivity arises . +0 In particular we study the normal modes of the linearized dynamics that have an arbitrarily large imaginary eigenvalue . We give a method to derive the equations of tangent dynamics about circular orbits up to nonlinear terms and we derive the linearized equations explicitly . +0 In this model the interactions come from the excluded volume and particles have five arms with an asymmetrical shape , which results in geometric frustration that inhibits full packing . We introduce a three-dimensional lattice gas model to study the glass transition . +0 The measured position of the molecules yields their magnetic moment . For detection , the molecules are converted back into atoms , again using the Feshbach resonance . +1 Essentially the only algorithm known previously was for the special case of binary answers , as follows from the work of Tsirelson in 1980 . Among other things , our result implies that the variant of the unique games conjecture where we allow the provers to share entanglement is false . +0 The latter is proportional to both the Born dynamical electric charge $ Z^ { \rm e } $ and its analogue , the dynamical magnetic charge $ Z^ { \rm m } $ . First-principles methods have only recently been developed to calculate the full ME response tensor $ \alpha $ including both electronic and ionic ( i.e. , lattice-mediated ) contributions . +1 52 , 1980 ] and Jim\ ' { e } nez-Monta\~ { n } o et al . [ arXiv : cond-mat/0204134 , 2002 ] ) which was subsequently shown to be optimal . +1 For the Dirac operator , B\ '' ar and Schopka conjectured a limit of unity for the determinant ( [ BS ] ) , i.e.\lim_ { n\to\infty } \det ( D , S^n_ { \mathrm { can } } ) =1 . We prove their conjecture rigorously , giving asymptotics , as well as a pattern of inequalities satisfied by the determinants . +0 By adjusting the current in each wire , a matrix can create versatile magnetic field patterns on microscopic length scale . A microelectromagnet matrix consists of two arrays of lithographically patterned wires , one array perpendicular to the other , that are separated and covered by insulating layers . +1 We report results from Spitzer observations of SNR 0509-68.7 , also known as N103B , a young Type Ia supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud that shows interaction with a dense medium in its western hemisphere . Our images show that N103B has strong IR emission from warm dust in the post-shock environment . +1 Bismuth chalcogenides Bi $ _2 $ Se $ _3 $ and Bi $ _2 $ Te $ _3 $ are semiconductors , which can be both thermoelectric materials ( TE ) and topological insulators ( TI ) . Lattice defects arising from vacancies , impurities , or dopants in these materials are important in that they provide the charge carriers in TE applications and compromise the performance of these materials as TIs . +1 The method leverages a newly observed phenomenon called critical state caused by interference among passive tags . We contribute to both theory and practice of such phenomenon by presenting a new interference model that perfectly explains this phenomenon and using extensive experiments to validate it . +0 Based on a Malfliet-Tjon type interaction , observables for elastic and break-up scattering are calculated up to projectile energies of 1 GeV . Relativistic invariance is incorporated within the framework of Poincare invariant quantum mechanics , and presented in some detail . +1 We find a robust upper bound on the observed proton fraction of the UHECRs flux and we rule out a composition dominated by protons and He . Acceleration and propagation effects lead to an observed composition that is different from the one at the source . +0 The ALG model combines a two dimensional lattice gas where particles interact through a soft core potential and orientational degrees of freedom . Using Monte Carlo simulations we investigate some new aspects of the phase diagram and the behavior of the diffusion coefficient in an associating lattice gas ( ALG ) model on different regions of the phase diagram . +0 As a measure of top polarization , we look at decay-lepton angular distributions in the laboratory frame , without requiring reconstruction of the rest frame of the top , and study the effect of the anomalous couplings on these distributions . We calculate the top polarization and the effects of these anomalous couplings on it at two centre-of-mass ( cm ) energies , 8 TeV and 14 TeV . +0 It is shown that the s quark is much less sensitive to the magnetic field than the light quarks . The impact of the 't Hooft mixing term on the restoration of the chiral symmetry on the light and strange sectors is studied and the critical temperature dependence on the magnetic field strength of the chiral strange transition is analyzed . +1 In this paper , we formulate the problem of data association in smart camera networks as an Integer Programming problem by introducing a set of linking variables , and propose two distributed algorithms , namely L-DD and Q-DD , to solve the Integer Programming problem using dual decomposition technique . In our algorithms , the original IP problem is decomposed into several sub-problems , which can be solved locally and efficiently on each smart camera , and then different sub-problems reach consensus on their solutions in a rigorous way by adjusting their parameters based on projected sub-gradient optimization . +0 The main focus of the code is to obtain insights on ( 1 ) the global energetics of dust grains in the shell ( 2 ) the 2-D projected morphologies that are strongly dependent on the mixed effects of the axisymmetric dust distribution and inclination angle of the shell . The dust opacities are calculated through Mie theory from the given size distribution and optical properties of the dust grains . +0 Each theory is incomplete and possesses problematic elements , but both have served as stepping stones to a more fundamental and inclusive geoscience theory that I call Whole-Earth Decompression Dynamics ( WEDD ) . Neither plate tectonics nor Earth expansion theory is sufficient to provide a basis for understanding geoscience . +0 A common approach to do this is to first identify and describe desired services ( i.e. , create a model ) , and then to locate portions of code within the existing system that implement the described services . A number of companies are trying to migrate large monolithic software systems to Service Oriented Architectures . +0 We analyse sets of functions $ \ { { \cal A } _n ( x ) \ } $ and discuss properties of non-power expansion arising with their relations to feeble loop and scheme dependence of observables . In other words , the pertubation series for $ F ( x ) $ , due to analyticity imperative , may change its form turning into an { \it asymptotic expansion \`a la Erd\'elyi over a nonpower set } $ \ { { \cal A } _n ( x ) \ } $ . +0 Second , we discuss conditions for the existence of instabilities in a more general context than previously treated in the QCD literature . First , we argue that such instabilities must drastically modify the `` bottom-up '' thermalization scenario for heavy-ion collisions . +1 In our previous work , we focused basically on the discrepancy of fast Doppler motion without detectable motion in the image plane . We now suggest an alternative scenario for the explosive events , based on our observations of spectral line tilts and bifurcated structure in some events . +0 { \bf 100 } , 136105 ( 2008 ) ] . These values are in accord with predictions of Parry { \it et al . } [ Phys.Rev.Lett . +0 All the radio-interferometric , wide-field imaging methods currently belong to the mosaicking family . After several generations of interferometers in radioastronomy , wide-field imaging at high angular resolution is today a major goal for trying to match optical wide-field performances . +0 Here , we discuss the pumping of doubly-occupied sites in a fermionic Mott insulator by a periodic modulation of the hopping amplitude . Furthermore , novel phases in cold atom systems are conveniently investigated by dynamical probes pushing the system out of equilibrium . +1 We here extend the SUBFIND algorithm for substructure identification such that it can be reliably applied to dissipative hydrodynamical simulations that include star formation . This allows , in particular , the identification of galaxies as substructures in simulations of clusters of galaxies , and a determination of their content of gravitationally bound stars , dark matter , and hot and cold gas . +1 These solutions give a rather non-trivial examples of real tunnelling geometries . Possible interpretation of obtained results and their connection with inflationary cosmology is discussed . +0 In particular , it has long been planned for New Horizons to use its Alice ultraviolet spectrograph during solar occultation observations of Charon on July 14 , 2015 , for this purpose . However , with the upcoming encounter of New Horizons at the Pluto-Charon system , sensitivity to detection of a possible Charon atmosphere will increase by orders of magnitude . +0 This provides a framework for obtaining $ L^p $ results on perturbed Hodge Laplacians , generalising known Riesz transform bounds for an elliptic operator $ L $ with bounded measurable coefficients , one Sobolev exponent below the Hodge exponent , and $ L^p $ bounds on the square-root of $ L $ by the gradient , two Sobolev exponents below the Hodge exponent . We also obtain functional calculi results for restrictions to certain subspaces , for a larger range of $ p $ . +0 We study the inefficiency brought forth by the selfish behavior of the terminals in this scenario by modeling it as a noncooperative game among the terminals . We consider the min-cost multicast problem ( under network coding ) with multiple correlated sources where each terminal wants to losslessly reconstruct all the sources . +0 This value corresponds to an unusually large lattice vibrational entropy of 3 kB per carrier . Two contributions to the Seebeck coefficient are clearly identified : the expected contribution that is dependent on the position of the transport level and reflects the activated character of carrier generation , and an unexpected intrinsic contribution of 265 plus minus 40 micro V/K that is independent of the temperature and the treatment of the oxide surface . +0 For the time dependent amplitudes of the expansion of the fields in the basis functions of the vector Helmholtz equations a set of Langevin equations is obtained that allowed us , with the help of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem , to find the spectral densities of the correlation functions of the amplitudes . For the hydrodynamic fields of such a liquid , linearized equations with random thermal sources are used . +0 The Barrett-Crane intertwiner for the SO ( 4 , C ) general relativity is systematically derived . The Spin Foam Model for the SO ( 4 , C ) BF theory is discussed . +0 The derivation starts from the long-known , but not well-known , fact that the wave function of the complete system of elctrons and nuclei can be written , without approximation , as a Born-Oppenheimer-type product of a nuclear wavefunction , X ( R ) , and an electronic one , Phi_R ( r ) , which depends parametrically on the nuclear configuration R. From the variational principle we deduce formally exact equations for Phi_R ( r ) and X ( R ) . A novel treatment of non-adiabatic couplings is proposed . +0 We show that quenching leads to the formation of defects whose density has a power-law dependence on the quenching rate ; the power depends on the dimensionalities of the system and of the critical surface and on some of the exponents associated with the critical point which is being crossed . We study both sudden and slow quenches in a variety of systems including one-dimensional ultracold atoms in an optical lattice , an infinite range ferromagnetic Ising model , and some exactly solvable spin models in one and two dimensions ( such as the Kitaev model ) . +0 The GUI has been built around the Python open-source programming language . We create a Python GUI scripting interface working under Windows in addition to ( UNIX/Linux ) . +0 In this work we test the validity of those assumptions by considering a particular ballistic dot , the Robnik-Berry billiard , numerically . However , this work depends on some assumptions concerning the renormalization group and various properties of the dot obeying Random Matrix Theory predictions at scales of the order of the Thouless energy . +0 Here $ S $ is the Sylvester graph on ten vertices . The second author has recently introduced the Sylvester coloring conjecture , which states that for any cubic graph $ G $ one has : $ S\prec G $ . +1 On the other hand , non-termination analysis seems to remain a much less attractive subject . If we divide this line of research into two kinds of approaches : dynamic versus static analysis , this paper belongs to the latter . +1 However , the secrecy capacity is non-zero even when the receiver is allowed to feed back only one bit at the end of each block . Our novel achievable strategy improves the rates proposed in the literature for the non-hybrid adversarial model . +1 The impact of laboratory astrophysics ranges from the scientific conception stage for ground-based , airborne , and space-based observatories , all the way through to the scientific return of these projects and missions . It is our understanding of the under-lying physical processes and the measurements of critical physical parameters that allows us to address fundamental questions in astronomy and astrophysics . +0 In $ d=2 $ we find that all states are localized , with the localization length diverging as $ \omega^ { -1 } $ , as energy $ \omega \to 0 $ . We use numerical transfer-matrix methods combined with finite-size scaling to calculate Lyapunov exponents , and eigenvalue-counting theorems , coupled with Gaussian elimination algorithms , to evaluate densities of states . +0 It is revealed that for particle of a certain size , an appropriate dielectric layer thickness is desirable to achieve the best absorption performance . These different behaviors are determined by whether the dielectric layer is beyond the domain where the near field of nanoparticles takes effect , and geometrical optics effects must be taken into account . +1 Each time an agent takes an action , the corresponding reward is instantaneously observed by the agent , as well as its neighbours in the social network . We perform a regret analysis of various policies in this collaborative learning setting . +1 This work forms the foundation of our understanding of black hole demography , and provides constraints on scenarios for black hole formation and growth , and on their connection to the formation and properties of the host galaxy . I will address these topics in this same order . +1 Solid state synthesis and physical mechanisms of electrical conductivity variation in polycrystalline , strontium doped indium oxide In2O3 : ( SrO ) x were investigated for materials with different doping levels at different temperatures ( T=20-300 C ) and ambient atmosphere content including humidity and low pressure . Gas sensing ability of these compounds as well as the sample resistance appeared to increase by 4 and 8 orders of the magnitude , respectively , with the doping level increase from zero up to x=10 % . +0 Recently , neural headline generation models have been proposed to take advantage of well-trained neural networks in learning sentence representations and mapping sequence to sequence . Automatic headline generation is an important research area within text summarization and sentence compression . +1 In the case of mesoscopic renormalization one may treat the dynamical defect as coupled with Friedel oscillations originated by the other defects , both static and mobile . Such coupling lifts the energy degeneracy of the states of the dynamical defects giving different mesoscopic contribution to resistance , and provides a new model for the fluctuator as for the object originated by the electronic mesoscopic disorder rather than by the structural one . +1 We study stars and molecular gas in the direction of IRAS06145+1455 ( WB89-789 ) through NIR ( JHK ) , molecular line- , and dust continuum observations . The kinematic distance of the associated molecular cloud is 11.9 kpc . +0 Suppression of this reaction is thought responsible for environment-dependent fluorescence yield enhancement in these dyes . We propose and analyze a two-state valence-bond model of non-equilibrium solvation effects on the excited-state twisting reaction of monomethine cyanines . +1 Cluster stars have been selected from a membership probability analysis based on a non-parametric method that uses both positions and proper motions and does not make any a priori assumption on the underlying distributions . The internal structure is then characterized by means of the minimum spanning tree method ( Q parameter ) , King profile fitting , and the correlation dimension ( Dc ) for those clusters with fractal patterns . +0 As a particular case , we found numerically 24 mutually unbiased bases in dimension N=23 in less than 30 seconds in a standard PC . We show that every Pauli partner is an attractive fixed point of this operator , which means that we can find complete sets of Pauli partners very efficiently . +0 At the end , I decide against just selling my mathematical wares , and for a survey , necessarily very selective , but taking a global phenomenological approach to its subject matter . I hesitated for a long time before giving shape to these notes , originally intended for preliminary reading by the attendees to the Summer School `` New paths towards quantum gravity '' ( Holbaek Bay , Denmark , May 2008 ) . +1 For this , we estimate the rate of repeating microlensing eventstoward the Galactic bulge field based on standard models of dynamical and physical distributions of Galactic matter combined with models of binary separation and mass function . From this , we find that the total number of repeating events expected to be detected from $ \sim 4 $ -year space-based surveys will be $ \sim 200 $ -- 400 , that is $ \sim 40 $ -- 50 times higher than the rate of current surveys . +0 Given a functor F : A -- & gt ; B one obtains an induced functor F_C : C ( A ) -- & gt ; C ( B ) . Consider the category C ( A ) whose objects are functors from C to A , and whose morphisms are natural transformations . +1 Using optical second-harmonic generation ( SHG ) microscope , we observed a marked history dependence of SHG intensity through zero-field cooling ( ZFC ) , zero-field heating ( ZFH ) , field heating after ZFC ( FH/ZFC ) and FH after field cooling ( FH/FC ) . These show different paths with respect to temperature : In the ZFC/ZFH process , weak SHG was observed at low temperature , while in the FH/ZFC process , relatively high SHG appears in a limited temperature range below TF depending on the field strength , and in the FC and FH/FC processes , the SHG exhibits ferroelectric-like temperature dependence : it appears at the freezing temperature of 50K , increases with decreasing temperature and has a tendency of saturation . +1 This demonstrates the efficient relaxation towards a confined state of the system . For slightly positive detuning , we observe the transition from strong to weak coupling regime and then to single-mode lasing . +1 Indeed , tens of warm debris disks around young solar-type stars have been observed . Here , we quantitatively estimate the total mass of ejected materials during the giant impact stages . +1 The Geometrothermodynamics analysis does not provide a result in agreement with the usual method or by the specific heat . We establish local and global thermodynamic stabilities of anti-RN-AdS solution through the specific heat and the canonical and grand-canonical ensembles . +0 In particular , we exhibit one simple exact solution and examine the process of intercommuting of two straight strings , in which they exchange partners but become joined by a third string . We study the dynamics of Nambu -- Goto strings with junctions at which three strings meet . +0 The particles and their dimers levitated in a plasma sheath at slightly different heights and formed two distinct sublayers . A new type of quasi-two-dimensional complex plasma system was observed which consisted of monodisperse microspheres and their binary agglomerations ( dimers ) . +0 I show that its emission is consistent with that of the remnant of a relativistically expanding impulsive fireball in which a forward shock dominates the emission of the GRB event : the piston model . I fit standard fireball remnant models to the first month of x-ray , optical , and infrared measurements , which may be done without assuming a GRB distance scale . +1 We present a new technique to fit color-magnitude diagrams of open clusters based on the Cross-Entropy global optimization algorithm . The method uses theoretical isochrones available in the literature and maximizes a weighted likelihood function based on distances measured in the color-magnitude space . +1 The two-body ( $ \Lambda^ { \ast } N $ ) and three-body ( $ \Lambda^ { \ast } NN $ ) systems are solved by a variational method . It is shown that the spin and isospin of the ground states are assigned as $ \Lambda^ { \ast } N ( S=1 , I=1/2 ) $ and $ \Lambda^ { \ast } NN ( S=3/2 , I=0 ) $ , respectively . +1 We build a penalty for choosing the number of change-points in the kernel-based method of Harchaoui and Capp { \'e } ( 2007 ) . This penalty generalizes the one proposed by Lebarbier ( 2005 ) for one-dimensional signals . +0 Comparison of this intrinsic spectrum with the observed broadband photometric SED then permits derivation of the wavelength dependence of the dust attenuation . The presence of the CIV absorption feature , indicating that the rest-frame UV-optical SED is dominated by OB stars , is used to select objects for which the intrinsic , unattenuated spectrum has a well-established shape . +0 The bare fluid viscosity is recovered by letting ghost fields evolve on a much longer time scale . It is analytically found that when ghost fields relax on the same time scale as the hydrodynamic ones , their major effect is a net enhancement of the fluid viscosity . +1 We shall discuss both a method based on the standard formulation as well as a method based on a penalty approach , which combine techniques developed in our previous work on parametrized saddle point problems with current reduced basis techniques for parabolic problems . The analysis then shows how time integration affects the development of reduced basis a posteriori error bounds as well as the construction of computationally efficient reduced basis approximation spaces . +1 Using the combined inversion I invert for horizontal flows in the upper 10 Mm of the solar convection zone . The flows connected with supergranulation seem to be coherent only in the upper ~5 Mm depth , deeper down there is a hint on change of convection scales towards structures larger than supergranules . +0 The free energy of formation of the critical embryo is assumed to be known in the macroscopic approach as well as the energy of solvatation . An analytical theory for the process of condensation in such a system is constructed in dynamic conditions . +1 The theoretical curve obtained for Q^2 dependence of pion form factor is in a good agreement with existing experimental data . To calculate NLO corrections for double spectral densities we developed an effective computational technic . +1 Using existing measurements of primordial deuterium abundance we find very weak indications that such a signature might exist , but the paucity of measurements precludes any firm conclusion . We also examine existing quasar absorption spectra data that are sensitive to variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio , mu , and x = ( alpha^2 mu g_p ) for spatial variation . +0 A relatively small electron-phonon contribution into the pair-transfer interaction can cause effects of observed magnitude . Isotope effects in a multiband superconductor with a leading interband pairing channel are investigated . +1 This means as soil column volume increases , variability of the SWRC and SHC decreases . Although prediction of the SWRC and SHC from available parameters , such as textural data , organic matter , and bulk density have been under investigation for decades , up to now no research has focused on the effect of measurement scale on the soil hydraulic properties pedotransfer functions development . +1 Emission lines of HCO+ ( 1-0 ) , HCN ( 1-0 ) , and C2H ( 1-0 ) were simultaneously detected in most galaxies of our sample . We also tentatively detected the rare isotopic species , H13CN , HC15N and H13CO+ in up to four galaxies ( IC 694 , NGC 3690 , NGC 4258 and NGC 6240 ) . +0 General model-independent predictions are presented as well as those from two models : a loosely bound $ D_ { s } ^-N $ molecule and a strongly-bound five-quark system . Possibilities for enhancing the signal over background in Pentaquark searches are investigated by examining predictions for detailed momentum and angular distributions in multiparticle final states . +0 We prove an identify expressing the non-commutative topological vertex of a toric Calabi-Yau manifold X as a specialization of the closed BPS partition function of an orbifold of X , thus giving a closed expression for our vertex . The vertex in one special chamber gives the same answer as that computed by the ordinary topological vertex . +0 For the isovector channel we find a significant enhancement of the in-medium spectral density below the $ \rho $ resonance while the $ \rho $ meson mass itself changes only slightly . We use this as an input to calculate the low energy part of the current-current correlation function in nuclear matter . +0 We synthesized very high quality Bi $ _2 $ Te $ _2 $ Se single crystals by modified Bridgman method , that possess high bulk resistivity of $ & gt ; $ 20~ $ \Omega $ cm below 20~K , whereas the bulk is mostly inactive and surface transport dominates . But these surface transports are buried in presence of metallic bulk conduction . +1 In this paper , this representation is made explicit , obtaining the raising operators associated with the Lie algebra of $ SU ( 5 ) $ , one of the earliest grand unified theories . Because the braids form a group , the action of these operators are braids themselves , leading to their identification as gauge bosons . +0 Hence , electro magnetic ( EM ) wave emitted from galaxies transformed by the five transformations would not be detected by EM detectors in our galaxy , and the source would be regarded as dark matter . $ G_ { 23 } $ does not mix vectors and spinors , but mismatch of the spinor and vector fields occurs . +1 In this work we report on a detailed fully atomistic molecular dynamics study of this phenomenon . Our results show that it has its physical basis in the interplay of the molecular hydrogens and the Cu ( 110 ) atomic spacing , which is a direct consequence of an accidental commensurability between molecule and surface dimensions . +0 A main result of the new geometric theory is the assessment of frame-invariance of space-time electromagnetic differential forms and induction laws and of their spatial counterparts under any change of frame . Frame-invariance is investigated in complete generality , referring to any automorphic transformation in space-time , in accord with the spirit of general relativity . +1 Many Active Galactic Nuclei ( AGN ) are surrounded by gas which absorbs the radiation produced by accretion onto the central black hole and obscures the nucleus from direct view . The dust component of the gas greatly enhances the effect of radiation pressure above that for Thomson scattering so that an AGN which is sub-Eddington for ionized gas in the usual sense can appear super-Eddington for cold dusty gas . +0 The capacities can be permanently or temporarily owned by the decision maker . In networks , there are often more than one source of capacity . +1 The method is based on the Cameron-Martin version of the Wiener Chaos expansion and provides a unified framework for the study of ordinary and partial differential equations driven by finite- or infinite-dimensional noise with either adapted or anticipating input . Existence , uniqueness , regularity , and probabilistic representation of this Wiener Chaos solution is established for a large class of equations . +1 In contrast , the choice of micron-sized colloidal building blocks of particles with flat facets , i.e. , particles with polygonal shapes , is significantly more limited . This can be attributed to the fact that , contrary to nanoparticles , the larger colloids are significantly harder to synthesize as single crystals . +1 We describe various approaches and their pros and cons on various examples . As a side-result we give an elementary non-heuristic purely combinatoric derivation of Turing 's famous estimator . +1 Our method is based on splitting the displacement field into a long and a short-range component . The long-range component is computed by second order LPT ( 2LPT ) . +0 These points form the so-called zero field curve in the $ ( \eta , T , \phi ) $ space . Equilibrium states of a system at zero external field and fixed $ P $ and $ T $ are described by points in three-dimensional space with coordinates $ \eta $ , the order parameter , $ T $ , the temperature and $ \phi $ , the thermodynamic potential . +0 E \textbf { 65 } , 046141 ( 2002 ) ] . \v { C } ern\'ak Phys.Rev . +0 With a cutoff in the range of $ \Lambda ~ 2.1 fm^ { -1 } $ , the new potential V_ { low k } is independent of the input model , and reproduces the experimental phase shift data for corresponding laboratory energies below $ E_ { lab } ~ 350 MeV $ , as well as the deuteron binding energy with similar accuracy as the realistic input potentials . The renormalization group is used to construct the effective interaction V_ { low k } in the low momentum space , starting from various high precision potential models commonly used in nuclear many-body calculations . +1 We produce a wide class of unoriented quiver gauge theories , including new instances of N=1 superconformal theories . We then consider unoriented D-brane instanton corrections of both `gauge ' and `exotic ' kinds . +1 Dalvit and S.K . Lamoreaux , Phys.Rev.Lett . +0 Although non-trivial examples of wirings of no-signaling boxes are known , there is no systematic way to study wirings . Then , one approach to identify the non-locality of nature is to characterize closed sets of non-local correlations . +1 We discuss here how the presence of an SMB will affect the BLRs of AGNs and what the observational consequences might be . We review previous claims of SMBs based on broad line profiles and find that they may have non-SMB explanations as a consequence of a complex BLR structure . +0 Motivated by an analogy with convex sets , intersection patterns of good covers were studied intensively . A good cover in R^d is a collection of open contractible sets in R^d such that the intersection of any subcollection is either contractible or empty . +1 We find a residual correlation of ongoing star formation with environment , indicating that even galaxies with similar morphologies , stellar masses , and mean stellar ages have lower star formation rates in denser environments . Thus , the current star formation gradient in clusters is not just another aspect of the morphology-density , stellar mass-density , or mean stellar age-density relations . +0 Both actions are the Goldstone actions associated with partial ( 1/2 ) spontaneous breaking of extended supersymmetry having 16 supercharges down to 8 supercharges . It is related via dimensional reduction to another remarkable 4d action describing the N=2 supersymmetric extension of the Born-Infeld-Nambu-Goto action with two real scalars . +1 $ \Gamma\cap P^ { n-p+1 } _\nu $ est le bord d'une surface de Riemann dans $ P^ { n-p+1 } _\nu $ .4 . Aucun ouvert non vide de $ \Gamma\cap P^ { n-p+1 } _\nu $ n'est reel analytique . +0 We found that the projection of a point particle is a de Broglie-type wave . We claim that the fuzzieness in quantum mechanics , in statistical physics and thermodynamics is due to the fact that we do not see the real image of the object , but a holographic projection of it . +1 Instead , there is a smooth crossover to a weakly naturated state . Our second conclusion is that even when the inter-strand attraction alone is too weak for creating a naturated state at the given temperature , and also the surface-strand attraction alone is too weak for creating an adsorbed state , the combined effect of the two attractions can lead to a naturated and adsorbed state . +0 Using this new technique , we show that , for sufficiently large $ n $ , the image domains $ U_n=f^n ( U ) $ contain large annuli , $ C_n $ , and that the union of these annuli acts as an absorbing set for the iterates of $ f $ in $ U $ . By introducing a certain positive harmonic function $ h $ in $ U $ , related to harmonic measure , we are able to give the first detailed description of this dynamical behaviour . +0 We show that in both models the phase transition energy v_c is actually non-coincident with , and always higher than , the energy v_theta at which a topological change appears . 93 , 150601 ( 2004 ) ] in the general idea that the phase transition is signaled by a topological discontinuity . +0 The knowledge of these form factors allow for predictions of p pbar - & gt ; gamma M for various mesons which may be probed at FAIR . We determine these form factors from the present BELLE data on gamma gamma - & gt ; B Bbar with the help of simplifying assumptions . +1 We have performed a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation to study the emergence of a twisted magnetic flux tube from -20,000 km of the solar convection zone to the corona through the photosphere and the chromosphere . The middle part of the initial tube is endowed with a density deficit to instigate a buoyant emergence . +1 We consider the response of etalons created by a combination of a conventional mirror and a metasurface , composed of a periodic lattice of metal scatterers with a resonant response . This geometry has been used previously for perfect absorption , in so-called Salisbury screens , and for hybridization of localized plasmons with Fabry-Perot resonances . +1 We investigate the confining phase vacua of supersymmetric $ Sp ( 2\NC ) $ gauge theories that contain matter in both fundamental and antisymmetric representations . The moduli spaces of such models with $ \NF=3 $ quark flavors and $ \NA=1 $ antisymmetric field are analogous to that of SUSY QCD with $ \NF=\NC+1 $ flavors . +0 This allows us to derive insights into the principles behind the profitability of our trading strategies . We contribute to this by providing a consistent approach that integrates various datasources in the design of algorithmic traders . +1 Haynes et al proved the conjecture for the graphs whose complements have diameter three but only with even vertices . In this paper , we prove the Murty-Simon Conjecture for the graphs whose complements have diameter three , not only with even vertices but also odd ones . +1 The leading order of $ \T $ is proportional to the identity operator . Knowing the operator $ \T $ one can renormalize spin-foam 's edge self-energy by computing the amplitude of sum of a series of edges with increasing number of vertices and bubbles . +1 The average entanglement entropy is analyzed for a generic conformal field theory in four dimensions . Two important particular cases are considered . +1 We prove that the Cotton tensor is the obstruction to local conformal flatness in dimension $ 3 $ . Finally we discuss the link between Chern-Simons invariants , the eta invariant , and the central value of the Selberg zeta function . +1 GPS measurements have been evaluated by comparison with 940nm-radiometer observations . Statistical analysis of GPS measurements points to ORM as an observing site with suitable conditions for infrared ( IR ) observations , with a median column of precipitable water vapor ( PWV ) of 3.8 mm . +0 Counterintuitively , mass media can induce cultural diversity when its intensity is above some threshold value . The critical boundary separating these phases is calculated on the parameter space of the system , given by the intensity of the mass media influence and the number of options per cultural attribute . +0 Our results serve as input for statistical studies of the vacuum structure in flux compactifications , and of the distribution of axion decay constants in string theory . To facilitate our analysis , we have developed a novel triangulation algorithm that allows efficient study of hypersurfaces with $ h^ { 1,1 } $ as large as 25 , which is difficult using algorithms internal to packages such as Sage . +0 Our expressions are given for a linearly perturbed flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric including scalar , vector , and tensor metric perturbations . We provide covariant and gauge-invariant expressions of these observables . +1 Spatially resolved spectroscopy shows that the data are consistent with intragroup gas being pressurized at the leading western edge of NGC 2276 due to the galaxy moving supersonically through the intragroup medium at a velocity ~850 km/s . Detailed modelling of the gravitational potential of NGC 2276 shows that the resulting ram-pressure could significantly affect the morphology of the outer gas disc but is probably insufficient to strip large amounts of cold gas from the disc . +1 That theory , which we call KM CFT , consists of d \leq 1 matter plus a scalar and a dressing prescription : \Delta = 0 for every primary field . By adding a spin-1 bc system the KM CFT provides a realization of the N=2 twisted topological algebra . +0 The extended Schrodinger type conformal group is identified and its action on the equations of motion given . This allows us to realize the Newton-Hooke groups and their Bargmann type central extensions as subgroups of the isometry groups of the pp-wave spacetimes . +1 In this article I continue to investigate a particular type of K\ '' ahler manifolds with positive first Chern class which generalize Calabi -- Yau manifolds in a natural way and which provide a framework for mirrors of rigid string vacua . This class is comprised of a special type of Fano manifolds which encode crucial information about ground states of the superstring . +1 The linear confinement of quarks in a class of these theories using gravity duals that capture the logarithmic runnings of the coupling constants in the IR and strongly coupled asymptotic conformal behavior in the UV was studied in our previous work . We also extended the theories to high temperatures and argued the possibilities of meltings and suppressions of heavy quarkonium states . +1 We show that a single counting quantifier strictly between exists^1 : =exists and exists^n : =forall ( the domain being of size n ) already affords the maximal possible complexity of QCSPs ( which have both exists and forall ) , being Pspace-complete for a suitably chosen template . Next , we focus on the complexity of subsets of counting quantifiers on clique and cycle templates . +1 Accurate solutions can be systematically derived by decomposing the exponential in a product form . For time-reversible equations , such as the Hamilton or the Schr\ '' odinger equation , it is immaterial whether or not the decomposition coefficients are positive . +0 The effect of the cD orientation with respect to the mass distribution of the host galaxy cluster is also investigated . The cD galaxy is modelled using both axially symmetric and elliptical models and assuming several masses for its dark matter halo . +0 The analysis is based on medium resolution ( $ R\_ { \mathrm { s } } =500-600 $ ) , optical spectra obtained at VLT and Keck . We present the spectrophotometric properties of a sample of 141 emission-line galaxies at redshifts in the range $ 0.2 & lt ; z & lt ; 1.0 $ with a peak around $ z\in [ 0.2,0.4 ] $ . +0 This can be considered as long run behavior of the process . We also derive the limiting behavior of unconditional first moment of the process and an appropriate upper bound for the limiting value of the variance . +1 The first errors are statistical , the second systematic . These results are obtained with a sample of 913 $ \Sigma_c^0 \to \Lambda_c^+ \pi^- $ decays and 1110 $ \Sigma_c^++ \to \Lambda_c^+ \pi^+ $ decays . +1 Frame-invariance is investigated in complete generality , referring to any automorphic transformation in space-time , in accord with the spirit of general relativity . A main result of the new geometric theory is the assessment of frame-invariance of space-time electromagnetic differential forms and induction laws and of their spatial counterparts under any change of frame . +1 We report the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the resistivity of the heavy fermion Kondo lattice compound Yb $ _2 $ Fe $ _3 $ Si $ _5 $ in the temperature range 2-300 K and in pressures upto 10 Kbar . At ambient pressure the resistivity shows a prominent Kondo effect . +1 The analytic and numerical treatment of our model results in a very good fit to the experimental data and practically has no free parameters . Changing the values of the parameters in the restricted range allowed by the related experimental estimates has almost no effect on the shape of the curves and results mainly in a variation of the zero load velocity which can be directly fitted to the measured data . +1 When the polarimetric sensitivity and the angular resolution exceed a threshold , magnetic fields show up almost everywhere on the solar surface . Here I revise the observational properties of the weakest polarization signals , which appear in the InterNetwork ( IN ) regions . +0 The top-bottom weak current is found to generate strong left-right asymmetry of neutrino-nucleon interactions . We discuss heavy quark contributions to the neutrino-nucleon total cross section at very high energies , well above the real top production threshold . +0 These ingredients proved to be important , leading in many cases to significant differences as compared to the present available PSF values , which are discussed as well . In addition to the previous calculations we use a Coulomb potential derived from a realistic proton density distribution in nucleus , improve the precision of the numerical routines used to solve the Dirac equations and to integrate the PSF expressions , and use recently reported Q-values . +0 Of these we find a range in metallicities from sub-solar to a few hundred times the solar value . Eight bursts of seventeen entering the sample , have significant extragalactic X-ray absorptions . +0 To achieve adequate reserve commitment and to promote market participation , it is necessary to provide models that can capture daily patterns in wind power production . Wind energy is becoming a top contributor to the renewable energy mix , which raises potential reliability issues for the grid due to the fluctuating nature of its source . +0 The enhancement of beam purity and the feasibility for in-source laser spectroscopy were investigated in off-line and on-line conditions . The laser path was oriented in longitudinal as well as transverse geometries with respect to the atoms flow . +0 Our main theorem is that the Ganter-Kapranov 2-character is a particular mark homomorphism of the Burnside ring . To this end we employ the technique of extended Burnside rings . +1 However , a systematic study of the ice phases in nanoconfinement is hampered by the computational cost of simulations at very low temperatures . Here we develop a coarse-grained model for a water monolayer in hydrophobic nanoconfinement and study the formation of ice by Mote Carlo simulations . +0 We compare the results from the two largest hydrodynamical simulations of star formation to resolve the fragmentation process down to the opacity limit , the first of which was reported by Bate , Bonnell & amp ; Bromm . We investigate the dependence of stellar properties on the mean thermal Jeans mass in molecular clouds . +1 Using Monte Carlo simulations we investigate some new aspects of the phase diagram and the behavior of the diffusion coefficient in an associating lattice gas ( ALG ) model on different regions of the phase diagram . The ALG model combines a two dimensional lattice gas where particles interact through a soft core potential and orientational degrees of freedom . +0 Our data covers the mass range 0.75 & lt ; m & lt ; 5.1 solar masses . Construction of a color-magnitude diagram and isochrone fitting yields an age of tau = 100 000 000 yrs , a reddening E ( B-V ) = 0.1 and a distance modulus of 18.4 mag . +0 This is usually perceived to be pathological and has been labelled `` the soccer ball problem '' . In quantum gravity theories Planckian behavior is triggered by the energy of { \it elementary } particles approaching the Planck energy , $ E_P $ , but it 's also possible that anomalous behavior strikes systems of particles with total energy near $ E_P $ . +0 Isobaric cooling rates are generally lower than isochoric ones , because the associated increase of gas density leads to both more efficient hydrogen recombination and equilibration of the fine-structure level populations . We find that the contribution from H $ _2 $ into cooling rate around $ T\sim ( 4-5 ) \times 10^3 $ K stimulates thermal instability in the metallicity range $ Z\simlt 10^ { -2 } Z_\odot $ . +0 The inferred escape fractions of Ly $ \alpha $ , $ 16 $ -- $ 37 % $ , and UV continuum , $ \ge 44 % $ , are higher than the cosmic averages at the same epoch . Here we assume that the local calibration between the 8 $ \mu $ m emission and the dust SED shape and metallicity applies at high redshifts and that our LAEs have low metallicities as suggested by previous studies . +0 It is shown that the quantum information initially distributed in three spatially separated qudits can be remotely and deterministically concentrated to a single qudit via an entangled channel without performing any global operations . Remote information concentration ( RIC ) in $ d $ -level systems ( qudits ) is studied . +0 We analytically prove anomalous localization and confirm it by numerical calculations . When $ \tau/2\pi $ , where $ \tau $ is the kick period , is very close to a rational number , the localization length is larger than the typical localization length . +1 For the previously least well known parameter we find $ \tilde \kappa_ { e- } ^ { ZZ } = ( -1.9 \pm 5.2 ) \times 10^ { -15 } $ . Within the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl test theory , our measurement restricts the isotropy violation parameter $ \beta -\delta -\frac 12 $ to $ ( -2.1\pm 1.9 ) \times 10^ { -10 } $ , corresponding to an eightfold improvement with respect to previous non-rotating measurements . +0 The implications of these results for the NEXT experiment are also discussed . Activity results for natural radioactive chains and other common radionuclides are summarized , being the values obtained for some materials like copper and stainless steel very competitive . +1 Recent studies have shown that the distribution of satellite galaxies is preferentially aligned with the major axis of their central galaxy . The strength of this alignment has been found to depend strongly on the colours of the satellite and central galaxies , and only weakly on the mass of the halo in which the galaxies reside . +0 We compare the Emission Measure Distributions ( EMDs ) of these active coronal sources , derived from high-resolution XMM-Newton grating spectra , as well as the pattern of elemental abundances vs. First Ionization Potential ( FIP ) . They all have high X-ray luminosity ( 10^31 erg/s for HD 283572 and 31 Com and 10^30 erg/s for EK Dra ) . +0 The evolution semantics results in some B events depending on the chosen policies : basic nets or high level Petri nets . This abstract system is then included in another abstract system which captures the evolution semantics of Petri-nets . +0 The first set of results reveals that ( 1 ) the relationship between the local areal density and local thickness in a woven carbon-epoxy composite is modelled by a bivariate normal distribution , ( 2 ) while fibre volume fraction follows a normal distribution , permeability follows a gamma distribution , ( 3 ) this work also shows that there is significant agreement between the analytical approach and the simulation results . Finally variability of local permeability at the microscale level is determined . +1 We compute the trace of the Polyakov loop and its two-point correlator near the transition . We find a behavior similar to the one observed near the thermal deconfinement transition in the corresponding pure Yang-Mills ( YM ) theory in lattice studies ( whenever available ) . +1 Cellular decompositions play the role of discretizations . The group of scale transformations is replaced by the groupoid of changes of cellular decompositions . +1 This talk is based on a recent paper $ ^ { 1 } $ of ours . In an attempt to understand three-dimensional conformal field theories , we study in detail one such example -- the large $ N $ limit of the $ O ( N ) $ non-linear sigma model at its non-trivial fixed point -- in the zeta function regularization . +1 Discrete properties of the lattice allow the prediction of scales at which microscopic to cosmic structures should occur . Deformations of primary cells by exchange of empty set cells allow a cell to be mapped into an image cell in the next section as far as mapped cells remain homeomorphic . +1 A 2D reconstruction of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the coronal fluctuation power has been performed over the whole plane of the sky , from 1.4 to 4.0 solar radii . The adopted diagnostic tool is based on wavelet transforms . +0 At this age the cluster light is dominated by luminous evolved stars , such as red supergiants , with initial masses of ~13-22 Msun for which ( primordial ) binarity is high . Most of these clusters are confined to a narrow age range centred around 10 Myr because of observational constraints . +0 The \eta-nucleus scattering length and the resonance and bound -- state poles of the amplitude describing elastic scattering of \eta-meson by these nuclei are obtained . The nuclear hamiltonian is approximated by the finite rank approximation which amounts to the coherent approximation . +0 However , no solutions to that sector have been given . Recently it has been shown that there exists a sector within the Faddeev-Niemi model for which the equations of motion may be reduced to first order equations . +1 Despite the fact that the problem of interference mechanism of magnetoresistance in semiconductors with hopping conductivity was widely discussed , most of existing studies were focused on the model of spinless electrons . This model can be justified only when all electron spins are frozen . +0 Thus , the current star formation gradient in clusters is not just another aspect of the morphology-density , stellar mass-density , or mean stellar age-density relations . We find a residual correlation of ongoing star formation with environment , indicating that even galaxies with similar morphologies , stellar masses , and mean stellar ages have lower star formation rates in denser environments . +1 Considering a system consists of N homogeneous agents . Their behaviors are determined by the returns from their production . +1 It was found that to account for cosmological observations , the masses of the first Kaluza-Klein modes ( and thus the approximate size of the extra dimension ) should be in the range 600-1200 GeV when the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle ( LKP ) corresponds to the hypercharge boson and in the range 1 - 1.8 TeV when it corresponds to a neutrino . In this article , we compute the elastic scattering cross sections between Kaluza-Klein dark matter and nuclei both when the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle is a KK mode of a weak gauge boson , and when it is a neutrino . +1 We assume $ X $ to be Hausdorff , locally compact and second countable and prove that a POVM $ F $ is commutative if and only if it is the smearing of a spectral measure $ E $ by means of a Feller Markov kernel . Moreover , we prove that the smearing can be realized by means of a strong Feller Markov kernel if and only if $ F $ is uniformly continuous . +1 This is one of two papers in which we report the detection of structure in the cosmic infrared background ( CIB ) between 1.25 - 2.2 micron through the use of data from the Two Micron Sky Survey ( 2MASS ) . This paper concentrates on data assembly , analysis and the estimate of the various foreground contributions ; the companion paper ( Kashlinsky , Odenwald , Mather , Skrutskie , Cutri 2002 , hereafter KOMSC ) presents the cosmological results for the CIB fluctuations and their implications . +0 We also compare the stellar distributions , surface brightness profiles , and star formation rate profiles to HI-line emission maps , gas surface density profiles , and gas kinematics . We convert the FUV and V-band photometry , along with Halpha photometry , into radial star formation rate profiles that are sensitive to timescales from 10 Myrs to the lifetime of the galaxy . +1 One of the most interesting is its relation to the coordinate on the quantum moduli space $ u= & lt ; \tr \phi^2 & gt ; $ that results into recursion equations for the coefficients of the prepotential due to instantons . In this work we show , with an explicit multi-instanton computation , that this relation holds true at arbitrary winding numbers . +1 While the green valley is defined using optical U-B colors , we find that using a green valley sample defined using NUV-R colors does not change the results . Using HST/ACS imaging , we study several quantitative morphological parameters including CAS , B/T from GIM2D , and Gini/M_20 . +1 However some models are opaque to probabilistic interpretation , and MF-based methods , typically solved using Singular Value Decomposition ( SVD ) , may incur loss of corpus information . In addition , it is desirable to incorporate global latent factors , such as topics , sentiments or writing styles , into the word embedding model . +1 Classical wireless communications can be invoked to unlock the quantum encryption process thereby allowing for any deployment scenario regardless of the channel conditions . Quantum geo-encryption can also be used to realize quantum-computing instructions that can only be implemented at a specific location , and allow for a specified geographical data-route through a distributed network . +0 As a side-result we give an elementary non-heuristic purely combinatoric derivation of Turing 's famous estimator . We describe various approaches and their pros and cons on various examples . +1 A novel treatment of non-adiabatic couplings is proposed . The derivation starts from the long-known , but not well-known , fact that the wave function of the complete system of elctrons and nuclei can be written , without approximation , as a Born-Oppenheimer-type product of a nuclear wavefunction , X ( R ) , and an electronic one , Phi_R ( r ) , which depends parametrically on the nuclear configuration R. From the variational principle we deduce formally exact equations for Phi_R ( r ) and X ( R ) . +0 For increasing initial $ N_0 $ values we observe a crossover to classical relaxation dynamics . We show that the non-equilibrium evolution of the system is isoenergetic and for small initial $ N_0 $ observe a clear separation between $ T $ and $ N_0 $ dynamics , thus explicitly demonstrating the theoretically expected `` two-step '' picture of condensate growth . +1 We observe this source through a dusty torus with a neutral absorbing column density of NH ~ 2x10^23 cm^-2 . The torus is hundreds of pc across and collimates the starburst-driven nuclear outflow . +0 We have found numerically that the radial mass transport by the tidal waves plays a crucial role in the orbital evolution of particles . These are the first calculations with particles ranging in size from 1m to 10km , which account for the presence of a tidally perturbed gaseous disk . +0 The DLA has been earlier identified as a low surface brightness galaxy SBS 1543+593 at an impact parameter of ~ 400 pc to the QSO line of sight . We present Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope ( GMRT ) HI 21cm emission images of the z=0.009 damped Lyman-alpha ( DLA ) absorber towards the QSO HS 1543+5921 . +1 Cosmology indeed enjoys such an exciting epoch . What is the composition of our universe ? +0 The most robust remotely-detectable potential biosignature is considered to be the detection of oxygen ( O_2 ) or ozone ( O_3 ) simultaneous to methane ( CH_4 ) at levels indicating fluxes from the planetary surface in excess of those that could be produced abiotically . The search for life on planets outside our solar system will use spectroscopic identification of atmospheric biosignatures . +1 QCPU is standard and easy-assemble because it only has two kinds of basic elements and two auxiliary elements . QCPU and its realizations are scalable , that is , they can be connected together , and so they can construct the whole quantum network to implement the general quantum algorithm and quantum simulating procedure . +0 In an attempt to understand three-dimensional conformal field theories , we study in detail one such example -- the large $ N $ limit of the $ O ( N ) $ non-linear sigma model at its non-trivial fixed point -- in the zeta function regularization . This talk is based on a recent paper $ ^ { 1 } $ of ours . +0 Co-clusters extracted from such data , which shows similar pattern in both the dimension , can be used for a more accurate predictive model building . For example , building predictive models with high dimensional data and heterogeneous population is a non-trivial task . +0 The CMS results nibble away at the high fit probability density region , transforming probability distributions for the scalar and gluino masses . A previous CMSSM global fit is then re-weighted by our likelihood map . +1 So far the applicability of the proposed reconfiguration and analog-digital co-modeling methods have been proved by modeling the function of the digital parts of three , 802.11a , ADSL and DRM , transmitters in an RF system simulator . The model is intended to be used as signal source template in RF system simulations . +0 using a high energy approximation of the distorted waves and phase shifts due to Lenz and Rosenfelder . In particular , we examine approximate methods and analyses of ( e , e ' ) reactions developed by Traini et al . +0 A distributed least square reconstruction ( DLSR ) algorithm is proposed to recover the unknown signal iteratively , by allowing neighboring nodes to communicate with one another and make fast updates . This paper focuses on the distributed reconstruction of a time-varying bandlimited graph signal based on observations sampled at a subset of selected nodes . +0 We have further found that the tensor polarizabilities of the two ground state hyperfine manifolds have opposite signs , in disagreement with an earlier derivation . A numerical evaluation of the perturbation sum using bound states up to n=200 yields ground state tensor polarizabilities which are in good agreement with experimental values , thereby bridging the 40-year-old gap between experiments and theory . +0 In earlier work , the emission from the extended jet has been modeled successfully using nonthermal synchrotron self-Compton processes , with a self-absorbed inner core . This temperature is much greater than its virial value and the hot cloud expands at roughly the sound speed ( ~0.1c ) , after which it begins to accelerate on a parsec scale to relativistic velocities . +1 Secure identifications for most spectral lines are given , based on synthetic atmosphere models calculated by our group . We also propose that two unidentified absorption features have interstellar and/or circumstellar origin . +0 The image displacement to curvature and drift rate variation increases with the angular field of view and can lead to significant loss of resolution with modern large-format CCD arrays . Images obtained by drift-scanning with a stationary telescope are affected by the declination-dependent curvature of star trails . +1 In the X-ray band , they offer the potential of probing accretion physics down to the event horizon . Recent work has used frequency and energy-dependent time lags as a tool for studying relativistic reverberation around the black holes in several Seyfert galaxies . +0 The CMB anisotropy power spectrum will for the most part simply project to smaller scales , as the comoving distance to last scattering increases , and we derive a scaling relation that describes this behaviour . However , the higher CMB multipoles have a richer phenomenology . +0 This $ v\sin i $ implies a maximum rotational period of 31.5 d , a value qualitatively consistent with the observed variability of the optical absorption and emission lines , as well as the Stokes $ V $ profiles and longitudinal field . The photospheric absorption lines are narrow , and we use the Fourier transform technique to infer $ v\sin i=15\pm3 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ . +1 Similar hydrodynamical phenomena are well known , e.g.the so called sonic booms from supersonic planes . We solve the linearized relativistic hydrodynamic equations to detail the flow picture . +0 For the special case of spin-independent hopping we analytically determine the number of solutions of the resulting self-consistency equations and the nature of the possible ground states at weak coupling . The Hartree-Fock Hamiltonian is diagonalized with particular emphasis on superfluid phases . +0 That is , for Poisson distribution $ F_q = 1 $ for all $ q $ . The normalized factorial moments $ F_q $ are continued to noninteger values of the order $ q $ , satisfying the condition that the statistical fluctuations remain filtered out . +1 The quasiparticle peak shows a significantly larger peak width and weight than in the theory . For both the PI and AFI phases , the vanadium 3d parts of the valence spectra are not simple one peak structures . +0 VO activities at the European level coordinate the work in support of the three `` pillars '' of the Virtual Observatory : support to the scientific community , take-up by the data providers , and technological activities . The bulk of VO work in Europe is ensured by the national VO initiatives and those of intergovernmental agencies . +1 Our numerical scheme includes thermal fluctuations in filament positions , excluded volume interactions , and filament elasticity in the form of bending and stretching modes . Motors are represented individually as bipolar springs governed by rate-based rules for attachment , detachment and unidirectional motion of motor heads along the filament contour . +0 For the latter , we leverage Donoho , Maleki , and Montanari 's recently proposed approximate message passing ( AMP ) algorithm . For LBP , we adopt a recently proposed `` turbo '' message passing schedule that alternates between exploitation of HMT structure and exploitation of compressive-measurement structure . +0 Currently it covers a wide rage of dynamics of firms and financial institutions on complex network , using Japanese large-scale network data , some of which are not available in other countries . It then led to analysis and simulation of firm dynamics on economic network . +0 The local algebras turn out to be $ III_1 $ -factors associated with free groups . We extend to the non-local case the general analysis of the modular structure . +0 One unresolved problem in this area is how to adapt current methods to handle changing user preferences over time . Matrix factorization from a small number of observed entries has recently garnered much attention as the key ingredient of successful recommendation systems . +0 In the first phase , the whole training dataset is partitioned into small non-overlapping subsets , and a dictionary is trained independently on each small database . The fundamental idea behind the algorithm is to learn a sparse representation in two phases . +0 Each agent does not have memory of previous behaviors and plays the PD with eight nearest neighbors and then copies the behavior of who had the greatest payoff for next generation . The agents are initially randomly distributed according to a certain proportion $ \rho_c ( 0 ) $ of cooperators . +0 For short strands of equal or unequal lengths , the binding displays a strong sensitivity to mutations . The use of a Fixman-Freire scheme scales down the computational complexity of our algorithm from $ O ( N_ { 1 } ^ { 2 } N_ { 2 } ^ { 2 } ) $ to $ O ( N_ { 1 } N_ { 2 } ) $ .The simulation of complementary strands of a few kbps yields results almost identical to the PS model . +1 The influence of random surface inhomogeneities on spectral properties of open microresonators is studied both theoretically and experimentally . To solve the equations governing the dynamics of electromagnetic fields the method of eigen-mode separation is applied previously developed with reference to inhomogeneous systems subject to arbitrary external static potential . +1 We employ MIPS 24 $ \mu $ m data to identify infrared galaxies in the Extended Groth Strip ( EGS ) . We use a local density indicator to probe the environment on few Mpc scales and a group member catalog , both of which make use of the DEEP2 spectroscopic redshift catalog , to quantify the environment of these galaxies . +0 All three properties , selfsimilarity , order-covariance , and positivity , are satisfied in a natural context when $ G $ is semisimple and hermitean ; but when $ G $ is the $ ( ax+b ) $ -group , or the Heisenberg group , positivity is incompatible with the other two axioms for the infinite-dimensional irreducible representations . From ( i ) -- ( ii ) , we get an induced dual representation of an associated dual group $ G^c $ . +1 Even more fascinating is its outstanding physical properties ; it is the hardest material known in the world with the highest thermal conductivity . Meanwhile , when we turn to its electrical properties , diamond is a rather featureless electrical insulator . +1 Decoupling of four component currents of dimension 1/2 in them yields , respectively , u ( 2|1 ) and u ( 3 ) Knizhnik-Bershadsky superconformal algebras . We also discuss how the N=2 superfield formulations of N=2 W_ { 3 } and N=2 W_ { 3 } ^ { ( 2 ) } superconformal algebras come out in this framework , as well as some unusual extended N=2 superconformal algebras containing constrained N=2 stress tensor and/or spin 0 supercurrents . +0 ( 2007 ) and Melandri et al . Building on earlier work by Mundell et al . +0 Under a Poisson model with mean inter arrival time of 30 years the probability that no pandemic occurs during at least 60 years is 14 % . Under a random walk model the probability that all pandemics between times 0 and 300 occur by time 150 is 1/2 . +1 Modeling dynamical systems , both for control purposes and to make predictions about their behavior , is ubiquitous in science and engineering . Predictive state representations ( PSRs ) are a recently introduced class of models for discrete-time dynamical systems . +0 The lack of the cosmological singularity and a gravitational nature of the regularizations of loop divergencies in quantum field theory are also discussed . and other heavy particle stars is predicted instead of the black holes . +0 Further , the x=0.60 sample shows onset of a broad superconducting transition temperature ( Tconset ) at around 20 K without achieving the TcR=0 state down to 2 K. The TcR=0 state is observed in x = 0.80 and 1.00 samples at around 5 and 14 K , respectively . This ratio decreases to only ~23 and 5 for x=0.20 and x=0.4 samples , respectively . +0 The qualitative features of the physical parameters ' renormalization are clearly illustrated in vector field plots . We also establish a ( complex ) renormalization invariant relating these parameters . +1 Rev A \textbf { 59 } , 1829 ( 1999 ) ] . We focus on a generalization of the HBB protocol to $ n $ communication parties thus including $ n $ -partite GHZ states . +0 The scheme relies on the use of momentum-dependent dark-states in close analogy to velocity-selective coherent population trapping . We propose a technique for engineering momentum-dependent dissipation in Bose-Einstein condensates with non-local interactions . +0 We want to determine if these X-ray active stars are young or intermediate-age stars , or active binaries . The identification process of NEP X-ray sources resulted in 144 X-ray sources having a normal stellar counterpart , with an excess of yellow stars with respect to model predictions . +0 Furthermore , we introduce CP-violating and CP-conserving \tau-spin asymmetries which are generated already at the TREE-LEVEL in the reaction p \bar p - & gt ; sneutrino - & gt ; \tau^+ \tau^- +X if there is muon-sneutrino - \bar muon-sneutrino mixing and that vanish in the SM . We perform a cross-section analysis and show that present limits on some products of R-parity violating couplings in the sneutrino sector can be significantly improved in future upgraded Fermilab Tevatron runs . +1 Kramers-Kronig analysis is commonly used to estimate the optical properties of new materials . The analysis typically uses data from far infrared through near ultraviolet ( say , 40 -- 40,000 cm $ ^ { -1 } $ or 5 mev -- 5 eV ) and uses extrapolations outside the measured range . +1 Next generation surveys will observe the large-scale structure of the Universe with unprecedented accuracy . This will enable us to test the relationships between matter over-densities , the curvature perturbation and the Newtonian potential . +1 Despite the fact that two of our IGC candidates have integrated colors redder than the mean of the M87 globular cluster system , we propose that all of the objects are metal-poor with [ M/H ] & lt ; -1 . We show that the tidal radii of our intracluster globulars are all larger than the mean for Milky Way clusters , and suggest that the clusters have undergone less tidal stress than their Galactic counterparts . +1 Based on the observed CO distributions and kinematics , we suggest that a small scale ( a few 100 pc - a few kpc ) distortion of the underlying potential seems to be necessary for Seyfert activity , although it is not a sufficient condition . We also find that the Toomre 's Q values in the centers of Seyfert galaxies tend to be larger than unity , indicating the circumnuclear molecular gas disks around Seyfert nuclei would be gravitationally stable . +1 One-particle se lf-energies and the density of states in the vicinity of the pairing transition point are presented . Within the Green function approach model calculations are p erformed using the thermodynamic $ T $ matrix in ladder approximation . +0 An initial neutrino flavor will in general oscillate into another flavor as the neutrino propagates in space and time . Much of what we know about neutrinos , and hope to learn in the future , is derived from a unique feature of neutrinos -- `` oscillation '' among neutrino `` flavor '' types . +0 The datasets of the Herschel Galactic Cold Cores Key Programme allow for a statistical study of filaments with a wide range of intrinsic and environmental characteristics . The association of filaments with protostellar objects has made these structures a priority target in star formation studies . +0 Since it is difficult to process CCD of two CQMs in a direct manner because they are composed of semi-algebraic varieties , we break down the problem into subproblems of solving CCD of pairs of boundary elements of the CQMs . We derive algebraic formulations and compute numerically the first contact time instants and the contact points of two moving CQMs in $ \mathbb R^3 $ . +0 We present a low rate , median rate and high rate which correspond to the 0.16 , 0.50 and 0.84 quantiles , respectively , of the cumulative reaction rate distribution . The results are obtained using a method , based on Monte Carlo techniques , that has been described in the preceding paper of this series ( Paper I ) . +1 Specifically , we propose a novel method that combines an existing consensus ( or formation ) algorithm with a new controller . The new controller has an integral action that produces a control input based on an error signal locally projected onto the column space of the graph Laplacian . +0 Our classification ( b ) extends a recent result of Benkart-Yoshii . Our results describe the centreless cores of a class of affine reflection Lie algebras , hence apply in particular to the centreless cores of extended affine Lie algebras , the so-called Lie tori , for which we recover results of Allison-Gao and Faulkner . +0 A spectral resolving power of ~ 9,000 with the G430M grating gave velocity measurements accurate to ~ 34 km/s . Five orbits of HST time were used to obtain spectra at five parallel slit configurations , at a position angle of 58 degrees , with spatial resolution 0.2 arcseconds across and 0.1 arcseconds along each slit . +0 The results presented herein allow us to formulate useful approximations to a range of experimental systems including the equilibrium properties of a finite temperature Bose gas and the steady-state properties of a 2D nonequilibrium condensate . This provides an accurate approximation of the condensate density that includes healing effects at leading order that are missing in the widely adopted Thomas-Fermi approximation . +1 Q-Learning is a model free reinforcement learning method that used to learn the agents . It is observed that under normal circumstances algorithm take more episodes to reach optimal Q-value due to its normal reward or sometime negative reward . +1 This question has a positive answer for a large family of curves and H.Yoshihara conjectured that it is true in general . We exhibit counterexamples to this conjecture , over any ground field . +0 For any $ \sigma \in S_n $ , we let $ \mathrm { des } ( \sigma ) $ denote the number of descents of $ \sigma $ , $ \mathrm { inv } ( \sigma ) $ denote the number of inversions of $ \sigma $ , and $ \mathrm { LRmin } ( \sigma ) $ denote the number of left-to-right minima of $ \sigma $ . Let $ S_n $ denote the symmetric group . +1 The quality of the approximation may be controlled to arbitrary precision through a parameter \epsilon & gt ; 0 . We provide theoretical results which quantify , in terms of \epsilon , the ABC error in approximation of expectations of additive functionals with respect to the smoothing distributions . +0 Only third-order two-body terms and diagrams are presented here , owing to the fact that the one-body terms are identical to the previously studied third-order terms in monovalent ions . A total of 302 third-order Goldstone diagrams are organized into 12 one-body and 23 two-body terms . +1 We determined the spatial orientation of the Algol AB close pair orbital plane using optical interferometry with the CHARA Array , and radio interferometry with the European VLBI Network ( EVN ) . We found the longitude of the line of nodes for the close pair being $ \Omega_1=48\deg\pm2\deg $ and the mutual inclination of the orbital planes of the close and the wide pairs being $ 95\deg\pm3\deg $ . +0 It involves the `` scalar charges '' of the black hole which still need to be solved in terms of the dyonic charges and the mass . The expression is entirely in terms of asymptotic charges . +1 In heap-based languages , knowing that a variable x points to an acyclic data structure is useful for analyzing termination : this information guarantees that the depth of the data structure to which x points is greater than the depth of the structure pointed to by x.fld , and allows bounding the number of iterations of a loop which traverses the data structure on fld . In general , proving termination needs acyclicity , unless program-specific or non-automated reasoning is performed . +0 A finite-size scaling analysis of several order parameters shows universal behavior , with scaling exponents that depend on $ V_ { \text { max } } $ . At the transition to jamming , we observe finite-size effects in a variety of quantities describing the flow and the density correlations , but only if the maximum speed $ V_ { \text { max } } $ is larger than a certain value . +0 By comparing with the theoretical framework that we have for the inclusive deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering and the one-dimensional imaging of the nucleon , we summarize what we need to do in order to construct such a comprehensive theoretical framework for semi-inclusive processes in terms of three dimensional gauge invariant parton distributions . The aim of such studies is to provide a three dimensional imagining of the nucleon and a comprehensive description of semi-inclusive high energy reactions . +1 We find that there can exist thermodynamically stable composite vortex in a type-1+type-2 or type-2+type-2 material . We also predict that unusual vortex patterns like those observed in $ MgB_2 $ ( V. Moshchalkov et al , Phys.Rev . +0 The modulation of reversed protons decreases with decrease of $ \alpha $ . When the energy densities of the beam and the magnetic field are comparable , $ \alpha = 8\pi n_0m_pc^2 ( \Gamma_0-1 ) /B^2_0\sim 1 $ , the process of the beam -- barrier interaction is strongly nonstationary , and the density of reversed protons is modulated in space by a factor of 10 or so . +0 The system 's energy levels are grouped into doublets which consist of scattering states and Schrodinger Cats with even ( e ) and odd ( o ) parities in the $ U ( 1 ) $ and quantum tunneling ( QT ) regime respectively . We identify 3 regimes of the system 's energy levels : the normal , $ U ( 1 ) $ and quantum tunneling ( QT ) regime . +1 Orbifolds were defined by Satake , as V-manifolds , then studied by W. Thurston , who introduced the term `` orbifold '' . Due to their importance in physics , and in particular in the string theory , orbifolds have been drawing more and more attention . +1 Sterile neutrinos with sub-electron volt ( eV ) masses have recently received serious attention due to the tantalizing hints from reactor neutrino experiments as well as cosmology . While the nine year old Wilkinson Mass Anisotropy Probe experiment suggests the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom to be $ N_ { \text { eff } } = 3.84 \pm 0.40 $ , recently reported Planck collaboration results show more preference towards the standard three light neutrino scenario $ N_ { \text { eff } } = 3.30^ { +0.54 } _ { -0.51 } $ . +0 This family is naturally constructed as an extension of the Gaussian-Mexican Hat Wavelet pair and for that reason we call it the Mexican Hat Wavelet Family ( MHWF ) . We propose a new detection technique in the plane based on an isotropic wavelet family . +1 Many results are known about test ideals and $ F $ -singularities for $ { \bf Q } $ -Gorenstein rings . In this paper we generalize many of these results to the case when the symbolic Rees algebra $ O_X \oplus O_X ( -K_X ) \oplus O_X ( -2K_X ) \oplus ... $ is finitely generated ( or more generally , in the log setting for $ -K_X - \Delta $ ) . +0 The X-ray properties of EROs detected in our XMM-Newton observation indicate absorption in excess of 10^ { 22 } cm^ { -2 } in a large fraction of them . At the relatively bright X-ray fluxes ( F_ { 2-10 keV } & gt ; 4x10^ { -15 } cgs ) and near-infrared magnitude probed by the present observations , the fraction of AGN ( i.e. , X-ray detected ) among the ERO population is small ( ~3.5 % ) ; conversely , the fraction of EROs among hard X-ray selected sources is much higher ( ~20 % ) . +0 This extensive interest in moving objects is a natural consequence of the recent ubiquitous location-aware devices , such as PDAs , mobile phones , etc. , as well as the variety of information that can be extracted from such new databases . Managing , querying , storing , and mining moving objects were the key research directions . +1 Conformal invariant new forms of $ p $ -brane and D $ p $ -brane actions are proposed . The field content of these actions are : an induced metric , gauge fields , an auxiliary metric and an auxiliary scalar field that implements the Weyl invariance . +0 We exhibit counterexamples to this conjecture , over any ground field . This question has a positive answer for a large family of curves and H.Yoshihara conjectured that it is true in general . +1 We present the discovery of four new transiting hot jupiters , detected mainly from SuperWASP-North and SOPHIE observations . These new planets , WASP-52b , WASP-58b , WASP-59b , and WASP-60b , have orbital periods ranging from 1.7 to 7.9 days , masses between 0.46 and 0.94 M_Jup , and radii between 0.73 and 1.49 R_Jup . +0 It is shown that the magnetic Lorentz force on equilibrium supercurrents induces finite charge distribution and the resulting electric field to balance the Lorentz force . We study augmented quasiclassical equations of superconductivity with the Lorentz force , which is missing from the standard Ginzburg-Landau and Eilenberger equations . +1 The meaning of transverse density is explained using coordinate space variables , allowing us to identify a true mean-square transverse size directly related to the form factor . We show that the rest-frame charge distribution is generally not observable because of the failure to uphold current conservation . +1 This paper presents a general existence and uniqueness result for mean field games equations on graphs ( $ \mathcal { G } $ -MFG ) . In particular , our setting allows to take into account congestion effects of almost any form . +0 For slightly positive detuning , we observe the transition from strong to weak coupling regime and then to single-mode lasing . This demonstrates the efficient relaxation towards a confined state of the system . +1 In this paper we have shown that it is possible to induce particle production even if the mass term of a particle species is not varying in time . Such particles are produced through the interactions with other fields , whose mass terms are varying due to a time-dependent background . +0 Certain permutiple problems , particularly transposable , cyclic , and , more recently , palintiple numbers , have been well-studied . A permutiple is the product of a digit preserving multiplication , that is , a number which is an integer multiple of some permutation of its digits . +1 We present Canary , a scheduling architecture that allows high performance analytics workloads to scale out to run on thousands of cores . Canary is motivated by the observation that a central scheduler is a bottleneck for high performance codes : a handful of multicore workers can execute tasks faster than a controller can schedule them . +0 Moreover this space is unique up to a complete isometry . We show that there exists a subspace of $ B ( H ) $ which is isometric to $ \ell_2 $ and completely isometric to its antidual in the sense of the theory of operator spaces recently developed by Blecher-Paulsen and Effros-Ruan . +0 This sub-set of models can then be further constrained by current observations that limit the values of various cosmological parameters . We find that by including a term Omega_L & gt ; 0 , the same best-fit anisotropy pattern is reproduced by several combinations of cosmological parameters . +0 An each object of the category may be mapped to the set of meanings ( abstract senses ) of this syntax construction . Such the cover gives rise to Grothendieck 's topology on category of correct syntax diagrams extended by neighbourhoods ' diagrams . +1 Some practical examples prove that is possible to Recognise Portuguese Granites in 100 % , with only 3 morphological features ( from an original set of 117 features ) , which is well suited for real time applications . Moreover , the present method represents a robust strategy to understand the proper nature of the images treated , and their discriminant features . +0 This explanation is in contradiction with the thermodynamics second law . The present earth warming up is often explained by the atmosphere gas greenhouse effect . +0 Systematics affecting K2 light curves due to the decreased spacecraft pointing precision inhibit the easy extraction of periodic signals from the data . From pulsating stars to transiting exoplanets , the search for periodic signals in K2 data , Kepler 's 2-wheeled extension , is relevant to a long list of scientific goals . +0 We describe how the gravitational-wave readout signal is calibrated into equivalent gravitational-wave-induced strain and how the statistical uncertainties and systematic errors are assessed . The measurements used to validate the model and characterize its uncertainty are derived primarily from a dedicated photon radiation pressure actuator , with cross-checks provided by optical and radio frequency references . +1 Very much like the ubiquitous quantum interference of a single particle with itself , quantum interference of two independent , but indistinguishable , particles is also possible . This interference is a direct result of quantum exchange statistics , however , it is observed only in the joint probability to find the particles in two separated detectors . +0 Percolation cluster includes spins with given energy . The common definition of these order parameters is the mean value of percolation cluster size . +0 Galaxies in the highest redshift bin ( z=0.6-0.82 ) are brighter by ~1 mag compared to the lowest redshift bin ( z=0.26-0.40 ) and brighter by ~1-2 mag compared to local ( z & lt ; 0.1 ) field galaxies . Subsets of DGSS galaxies binned by redshift also exhibit L-Z correlations but with different zero points . +1 The parameter regime is appropriate for organic semiconductors used in single crystal based field effect transistors . Different approaches have been used to solve the model : self-consistent Born approximation valid for weak electron-phonon coupling , coherent potential approximation exact for infinite dimensions , and numerical diagonalization for finite lattices . +0 We have found that hadron- ( strange ) quark hybrid stars become more stable in high density compared to pure hadronic and strange quark stars . The nonlinear $ \sigma $ - $ \omega $ - $ \rho $ hadronic mean-field approximation with or without vacuum fluctuation corrections and strange quark matter defined by MIT-bag model are employed to examine properties of hadron- ( strange ) quark hybrid stars . +1 We propose a `` centrifugal barrier mechanism '' as an alternative to the previously suggested `` fountain mechanism '' for explaining the flat metallicity profiles of dIrrs and flat , rotating dEs . While only flattening the dark-matter halo has little influence , the addition of angular momentum slows down the infall of gas , so that star formation ( SF ) and the ensuing feedback are less centrally concentrated , occurring galaxy-wide . +1 The latter situation makes a state of propagation with two exactly reciprocal realizations . In the quantum case , such a situation does not exist as an eigenstate because of the quantum tunneling between the two fibers . +1 Everybody knows that when a liquid is heated , its temperature increases until the moment when it starts to boil . The increase in temperature then stops , all heat being used to transform the liquid into vapor . +0 Here we probe the limits of current numerical setups , by studying collisions of unequal mass , non-rotating black holes of mass-ratios up to 1:100 and making contact with a classical calculation in General Relativity : the infall of a point-like particle into a massive black hole . Numerical relativity has seen incredible progress in the last years , and is being applied with success to a variety of physical phenomena , from gravitational-wave research and relativistic astrophysics to cosmology and high-energy physics . +0 The first extension increases the number of subtrees that define the feature space , and the second one removes noisy features from the graph representations . We also propose two modular extensions to this formulation . +1 From the color-magnitude diagram K versus ( J-K ) we selected the standard candles corresponding to red clump giants and used the information of their proper motions to build a map of the vertical motions of our Galaxy . We derived the kinematics of the warp both analytically and through a particle simulation to fit these data . +1 Two aspects relevant to low-frequency studies are particularly emphasized . First , the method is generalized beyond the Cowling approximation in order to fully account for the effects of self-gravitation . +0 The theory patching problem is to revise only the indicated components of the theory , such that the resulting theory correctly classifies all the training examples . In this paper we consider the problem of `theory patching ' , in which we are given a domain theory , some of whose components are indicated to be possibly flawed , and a set of labeled training examples for the domain concept . +0 We do celebrate any agreements in results derived from these two distinct approaches : i.e.the dynamical versus the topological approach . At classical level , dynamical derivation of the properties and conservation laws for topologically non-trivial systems from Noether theorem versus the derivation of the system 's properties on topological grounds are considered as distinct . +0 With the absence of quark-level Pauli Exclusion Principle repulsive effects , the appearance of a bound state is unsurprising . The larger-than-nucleon masses of the two heavy quarks allow for a more reliable application of the Born-Oppenheimer-like approximation of the LAMP . +1 I consider the Hubbard model of graphene in an external magnetic field and in the Hartree-Fock approximation . In the continuum limit , the ground state energy at half filling becomes nearly symmetric under rotations of the three-component vector ( N1 , N2 , m ) , with the first two components representing the Neel order parameter orthogonal to and the third component the magnetization parallel with the external magnetic field . +1 Another idea is to take into consideration all possible singularities of equation studied . Application of our approach to search exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations is discussed in detail . +0 Using the multiple-scale method we separate the physical processes occurring on different time scales and , ultimately , provide a strict derivation of the Boussinesq approximation for the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations . An important peculiarity of the full Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations is the use of the full continuity equation required even for a binary mixture of incompressible liquids , firstly , due to dependence of mixture density on concentration and , secondly , due to strong concentration gradients at liquids ' interfaces . +1 These results do not support the suggestion by MacAlpine et al . ( 1994 ) that these knots might be moving rapidly away from the Crab pulsar due to a collimated wind . +1 Here , one is allowed to replace some of the pattern letters with some special symbols `` ? `` , termed wildcards or do n't cares , which can be mapped to an arbitrary substring of the text . +1 In particular we show how to interpret insertion of supercharges on the boundary state as sources of non-universal spin effects in D-brane potentials . In this way we find for a generic ( D ) p-brane , potentials going like $ v^ { 4-n } /r^ { 7-p+n } $ corresponding to interactions between the different components of the D-brane supermultiplet . +1 In this paper we test the validity of the CGP using a large galaxy group catalogue constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey . For each group we compute two statistics , $ { \cal R } $ and $ { \cal S } $ , which quantify the offsets of the line-of-sight velocities and projected positions of brightest group galaxies relative to the other group members . +1 For any space X with the homotopy type of simply-connected , finite-type CW-complex , we construct an associative cochain algebra fls ( X ) whose cohomology algebra is isomorphic to that of LX , the free loop space on X . For certain X , we define a cochain map from fls ( X ) to itself that is a good model of the pth-power operation on LX . +0 The CERN Neutrino Factory could deliver muon beams with intensities 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than available now , with large freedom in the choice of the time structure . Such a source is a necessary stage towards building the neutrino factories and muon colliders which are being considered at present . +1 We develop a theoretical framework for the diffusion of a single unconstrained species of atoms on a crystal lattice that provides a generalization of the classical theories of atomic diffusion and diffusion-induced phase separation to account for constitutive nonlinearities , external forces , and the deformation of the lattice . In this framework , we regard atomic diffusion as a microscopic process described by two independent kinematic variables : ( i ) the atomic flux , which reckons the local motion of atoms relative to the motion of the underlying lattice , and ( ii ) the time-rate of the atomic density , which encompasses nonlocal interactions between migrating atoms and characterizes the kinematics of phase separation . +0 Prompt hadron ratios are important for hadronisation models , while the $ \bar p/p $ ratio is a good observable to test models of baryon number transport . They give input for modelling the underlying event in pp collisions . +1 However , there is not a clear agreement about where the boundaries between regions are , and where exactly the utilization knee is located . An open debate about knees in performance curves was undertaken at least 20 years ago . +1 ( In this generalized setting , modularity is understood as 2-modularity in the sense of Lyubashenko . ) Our proof is based on an explicit description of the Hopf algebra structure of the coend of the center of C. Moreover we show that the dimension of C is invertible in K if and only if any object of the center of C is a retract of a `free ' half-braiding . +0 The Higgs branches of the SO and USp theories can be matched with the moduli spaces of SO and USp instantons on the compact four-dimensional part of the D7 branes worldvolume . The local models are type IIB orientifolds with D7 branes on a curved orientifold 7-plane , and matter realized by adding D3 branes on the orientifold plane . +1 Motivated by dark-photon $ \bar { \gamma } $ scenarios extensively considered in the literature , we explore experimentally allowed models where the Higgs boson coupling to photon and dark photon $ H\gamma\bar { \gamma } $ can be enhanced . Correspondingly , large rates for the $ H\to \gamma\bar \gamma $ decay become plausible , giving rise to one monochromatic photon with $ E^ { \gamma } \simeq m_H/2 $ ( i.e. , more than twice the photon energy in the rare standard-model decay $ H\to \gamma Z\to\gamma\bar\nu\nu $ ) , and a similar amount of missing energy . +1 We show that the class of languages recognized by quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems , QMIP , is equal to MIP* , the class of languages recognized by classical multi-prover interactive proof systems where the provers share entanglement . After the recent result by Jain , Ji , Upadhyay and Watrous showing that QIP=IP , our work completes the picture from the verifier 's perspective by showing that also in the setting of multiple provers with shared entanglement , a quantum verifier is no more powerful than a classical one : QMIP=MIP* . +1 However , the computing technologies that contribute to these properties have not been made explicit in digital ecosystems research . Here , we discuss how different computing technologies can contribute to providing the necessary self-organising features , including Multi-Agent Systems , Service-Oriented Architectures , and distributed evolutionary computing . +0 Simultaneously depositing photopolymers and a non-curing liquid allows complex , pre-filled fluidic channels to be fabricated . This work introduces a novel technique for fabricating functional robots using 3D printers . +1 Practical issues about the implementation of the rule are also covered in this paper by : ( a ) writing down ready-to-implement algorithms ; ( b ) analysing the numerical stability of the computations and ( c ) estimating the overall computational cost . We finish by showing some numerical experiments which illustrate the theoretical results presented in this paper . +1 Dynamic trading systems , which make use of market mechanisms , show promise for more efficient resource allocation and pricing in the cloud . However , most of the existing mechanisms ignore the seller 's costs of providing the resources . +0 We find that the sugar front travels with constant speed , and that this speed is proportional to the concentration of the sugar solution and inversely proportional to the depth of the channel . We perform experimental investigations of osmotically driven flows in artificial microchannels by studying the dynamics and structure of the front of a sugar solution traveling in 200 um wide and 50-200 um deep microchannels . +0 There is however at this moment no generally accepted method to adequately select and evaluate interdisciplinary research . This has led to specific policies aimed at interdisciplinary research in many countries . +0 Bialostocki and Gy\'arf\'as proved that matchings are good and asked whether every acyclic $ H $ is good . We call a graph $ H $ $ k $ -good if the $ k $ -tuple $ ( H , H , \dots , H ) $ is good , and $ H $ is good if it is $ k $ -good for every $ k $ . +1 In structure-based models of proteins , one often assumes that folding is accomplished when all contacts are established . This assumption may frequently lead to a conceptual problem that folding takes place in a temperature region of very low thermodynamic stability , especially when the contact map used is too sparse . +0 About 10,000 quasars have an average of 60 observations in each band obtained over a decade along Stripe 82 ( S82 ) , whereas the remaining ~25,000 have 2-3 observations due to scan overlaps . The Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) has obtained repeated imaging in five UV-to-IR photometric bands for 33,881 spectroscopically confirmed quasars . +1 Motivated by these experiments , considerable theoretical efforts have recently been devoted to reexamine the interplay between Kondo screening and magnetic interactions in Kondo lattice systems . A local quantum critical picture has emerged , in which magnetic interactions suppress Kondo screening precisely at the magnetic quantum critical point ( QCP ) . +0 Calculating these properties is straightforward when the device is made from a pure material , but problems arise when alloys are used . Thermal properties are of great interest in modern electronic devices and nanostructures . +1 The ALFALFA maps reveal an extended HI envelope around the NGC 3166/9 group core , which we mosaic at higher resolution using six GMRT pointings spanning ~1 square degree . A thorough search of the GMRT datacube reveals eight low-mass objects with gas masses ranging from 4x10^7 to 3x10^8 M_sol and total dynamical masses up to 1.4x10^9 M_sol . +0 Assuming that the channel is known to the receivers only , we show that BIA can achieve $ \frac { 2K } { K+2 } $ DoF , which surpasses the sum DoF achieved by previously known interference alignment schemes with delayed channel state information at transmitters ( CSIT ) . In such scheme , each transmitter is equipped with one conventional antenna and each receiver is equipped with one reconfigurable ( multi-mode ) antenna . +0 Using a gauge-fixed ( reduced ) Lagrangian , we show that , it may lead to a Schr\ '' { o } dinger equation for the quantum-mechanical description of the model under consideration , the eigenfunctions of which can be used to construct the time dependent wave function of the universe . We then employ the familiar canonical quantization procedure in the given cosmological setting to find the cosmological wave functions in the corresponding minisuperspace . +0 We find that n ( z ) of z_abs \~z_em DLAs in our radio-selected QSO sample is ~4 times larger than the number density of intervening DLAs , implying an excess of galaxies near the QSO . On the assumption that z_abs ~ z_em DLAs are neither ejecta from the QSO , nor part of the host galaxy itself , we use the number density statistics of these DLAs to investigate galaxy clustering near the QSO redshift . +0 With 1.0-2.4 fb-1 of data collected at CDF , and 1.1-2.3 fb-1 at D0 , the 95 % C.L . We combine results from CDF and D0 searches for a standard model Higgs boson in ppbar collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron at sqrt { s } =1.96 TeV . +1 Approximation algorithms for this problem were developed by Guha and Munagala by rounding a linear program that couples the various alternatives together . In this paper we present an index for this problem , which we call the ratio index , which also guarantees a constant factor approximation . +0 So one finds that all the respective elements are troubled by insurmountable defects . Here it is developped such a reinvestigation starting with a revaluation of the main elements of TIHR . +1 Recently , Sherstov \cite { She09b } and independently Shi-Zhu \cite { SZ09b } developed conditions on the inner function $ g $ which imply that the quantum communication complexity of $ f \comp g^n $ is at least the approximate polynomial degree of $ f $ . We generalize both of these frameworks . +1 It is known that under the property of quasimonotonicity time-delayed systems become monotone , and some remarkable properties have been reported for such systems . These include , for example , the fact that for linear systems global asymptotic stability of the undelayed system implies global asymptotic stability for the delayed system under arbitrary bounded delays . +1 We show that the velocity dispersion of the cool component ( ~4 km/s ) when used with a Toomre-Q criterion gives an optimal description of ongoing star formation in NGC 6822 , superior to that using the more conventional dispersion value of 6 km/s . However , a simple constant surface density criterion for star formation gives an equally superior description . +1 Serre 's K\ '' ahlerian analogue of the Weil conjectures carries over as well . Generalizing a construction of Looijenga and Lunts one obtains possibly infinite dimensional Lie algebras attached to K\ '' ahler-Riemann foliations . +1 We show that the present knowledge of gluon distributions does not allow to make a precise predictions for $ c \bar c $ production at LHC , in particular at forward rapidities . In this paper we study production of $ c \bar c $ pairs including several subleading mechanisms . +1 CaBaCo4O7 represents a new class of ferrimagnets whose structure is built up of CoO4 tetrahedra only , similarly to other members LnBaCo4O7 of the 114 series , forming an alternate stacking of kagome and triangular layers . Neutron powder diffraction reveals , that this compound exhibits the largest distortion within the 114 series , characterized by a strong buckling of the kagome layers . +1 We analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of our system with a full simulation of the field propagation in a regime that leads to strong absorption of the control fields . We find that an additional coherent field is generated within the medium via four-wave mixing . +0 Furthermore , we study the Haldane-Shastry model where the current operator is also orthogonal to the set of conserved quantities associated with integrability but becomes itself conserved in the thermodynamic limit . For the XXZ model we discuss in detail the relation between our results , the phenomenological theory of spin diffusion , and measurements of the spin-lattice relaxation rate in spin chain compounds . +0 The payload is designed to flight onboard long duration stratospheric balloons both in the Northern and Southern hemispheres where low foreground emission sky patches are accessible . This project shares most of the know-how and sophisticated technology developed for the SPOrt experiment onboard the International Space Station . +1 We investigate the stability of spherically symmetric , purely magnetic , soliton and black hole solutions of four-dimensional $ { \mathfrak { su } } ( N ) $ Einstein-Yang-Mills theory with a negative cosmological constant $ \Lambda $ . These solutions are described by $ N-1 $ magnetic gauge field functions $ \omega _ { j } $ . +0 ( ICS 2011 ) who suggested that this was a natural model for human communication , and efficient schemes for compression here could give insights into the behavior of natural languages.Kalai et al . This setting was considered previously by Kalai et al . +0 The dust component of the gas greatly enhances the effect of radiation pressure above that for Thomson scattering so that an AGN which is sub-Eddington for ionized gas in the usual sense can appear super-Eddington for cold dusty gas . Many Active Galactic Nuclei ( AGN ) are surrounded by gas which absorbs the radiation produced by accretion onto the central black hole and obscures the nucleus from direct view . +1 We show that the Zh15 model fails to reproduce the well-established features of the solar activity evolution during the last millennium . This means that the predictive part for the future is not reliable either . +0 Two important particular cases are considered . The average entanglement entropy is analyzed for a generic conformal field theory in four dimensions . +0 We also consider enumeration problems and the relation to the theory of codes . Also different from classical primitive words , we find that a word may have more than one Abelian root . +1 We observe layer breathing and shear modes which allow for easy assignment of the number of layers . Polarization-dependent measurements give further insight into the crystal structure and reveal an energetic shift of the shear mode which stems from the in-plane anisotropy of the shear modulus in this material . +1 At fixed lattice spacing we test model independence of the low-energy effective theory by computing next-to-leading-order corrections for two different leading-order lattice actions . The first leading-order action includes instantaneous one-pion exchange and same-site contact interactions . +0 Further the increased MR of up to 60 % is seen above 300 K for higher silver added samples in an applied field of 7 Tesla . Magneto-transport measurements revealed that magneto-resistance MR is found to be maximum near TFM . +0 The goal is to find a minimum cost set of vertices which cover at least $ k_i $ edges from the partition $ P_i $ . Here an instance consists of a graph G = ( V , E ) , a positive cost function c : V- & gt ; Z^ { + } , a partition $ P_1 , ... , P_r $ of the edge set $ E $ , and a parameter $ k_i $ for each partition $ P_i $ . +1 To study the coil perfomance , the theoretical signal-to-noise ratio predictions of this coil design were computed using a different number of slots . Results were also compared with theoretical results obtained for a circular coil with similar dimensions . +0 It hosts several outflows , including broad-line winds , radio jets , and a poorly-understood kpc scale outflow . The quasi-stellar object ( QSO ) /merger Mrk 231 is arguably the nearest and best laboratory for studying QSO feedback . +0 Critical challenges in the development of NT-based sensor arrays for chemical detection include the demonstration of reproducible fabrication methods and functionalization schemes that provide high chemical diversity to the resulting sensors . Vapor sensors based on functionalized carbon nanotubes ( NTs ) have shown great promise , with high sensitivity conferred by the reduced dimensionality and exceptional electronic properties of the NT . +0 This cell model could clearly describe the global dynamics of quantized digital system . In this paper , we give a new model for quantization based 'cell mapping ' concept . +0 We have recently shown that the gas present in the as-drawn Bi-2212 wire agglomerates into large bubbles and that they are presently the most deleterious current limiting mechanism . An unavoidable property of powder-in-tube conductors is that there is about 30 % void space in the as-drawn wire . +0 These particles are called $ A $ -particles and move independently of each other . We consider the following interacting particle system : There is a `` gas '' of particles , each of which performs a continuous-time simple random walk on $ \mathbb { Z } ^d $ , with jump rate $ D_A $ . +1 Three variations of a basic control strategy are proposed for different versions of the encirclement problem , and their effectiveness is formally established . An extension ensuring maintenance of a safe inter-robot distance is also discussed . +0 Following a Monte Carlo sampling approach , we show for nine different modeling assumptions the corresponding correlation coefficients and sensitivity profiles for each pair of the effective neutron multiplication factor keff . By investigating a set of three low enriched and water moderated UO2 fuel rod arrays we found that modeling the same set of data with different , yet reasonable assumptions concerning the fuel rod composition and its geometric properties leads to significantly different covariance matrices or correlation coefficients . +1 The resulting orthonormal and complete loop basis , explicitly constructed in terms of the $ d ( 2d-1 ) $ prepotential intertwining operators , is used to transcribe the gauge dynamics directly in $ { \cal H } ^ { L } $ without any redundant gauge and loop degrees of freedom . Using generalized Wigner-Eckart theorem and Biedenharn -Elliot identity in $ { \cal H } ^L $ , we show that the loop dynamics for pure SU ( 2 ) lattice gauge theory in arbitrary dimension , is given by the real symmetric $ 3nj $ symbols of first kind ( e.g. , n=6 , 10 for d=2 , 3 respectively ) . +1 We obtain the effective interaction between these defects . A Lindemann criterion shows that the reduction of dimensionality causes a finite periodic chain of these defects to readily melt as the temperature is raised . +1 Work of Simpson , Arapura and others show that if $ \Gamma $ is the fundamental group of a compact K\ '' ahler manifold , then the strata are finite unions of translated affine subtori . If follows that for K\ '' ahler groups the jumping loci must be defined by binomial ideals . +0 Our work is based on , and extend to this new context , the results on mixed multiplicities of ideals obtained by Vi\^et in \cite { Viet8 } and Manh and Vi\^et in \cite { Manh-Viet } . In particular , we recover the fundamental Rees 's mixed multiplicity theorem for modules , which was proved first by Kirby and Rees in \cite { Kirby-Rees1 } and recently also proved by the authors in \cite { Bedregal-Perez } . +0 To extract more information from LCDM data , censoring of the distances is introduced . Volumes and descriptive measures ( such as means and variances ) for each subject and the pooled distances provide the morphometric differences between diagnostic groups , but they do not reveal all the morphometric information contained in LCDM distances . +0 The handoff blocking rate is controlled under the designated threshold and the new call blocking rate is minimized . In this paper , the authors devise a scheme , A Novel Adaptive Channel Allocation Scheme ( ACAS ) where the number of guard channel ( s ) is adjusted automatically based on the average handoff blocking rate measured in the past certain period of time . +1 Upper bounds on the error that follows from an approximation of this entropy by the entropy of a Poisson random variable with the same mean are derived . The derivation of these bounds combines elements of information theory with the Chen-Stein method for Poisson approximation . +1 Compared to the inhomogeneous phase with the alternating layer structure , our ferromagnetic phase turns out to be unfavored . However , once an axial vector meson condensation is taken into account in our simplest model , the ferromagnetic energy density is lowered significantly , which still leaves some room for a possible realization of a QCD ferromagnetic phase and ferromagnetic magnetars . +1 Also the chiral nature of U ( 1 ) ' flavor symmetry calls for new U ( 1 ) '-charged Higgs doublets in order for the SM fermions to have realistic renormalizable Yukawa couplings . The stringent constraints from the top FB asymmetry at the Tevatron and the same sign top pair production at the LHC can be evaded due to contributions of the extra Higgs doublets . +0 The contribution from the two-nucleon breakup channel to the semi-exclusive $ ^ { 12 } $ C ( e , e $ ' $ p ) cross section is calculated in the kinematics of a recent NIKHEF-K experiment . The ( e , e $ ' $ pp ) cross sections are predicted to exhibit a sizeable sensitivity to the SRC . +0 When optimizing first , the asymptotic problem is usually referred to as a mean-field game . These two methods differ in the order in which optimization and passage to the limit are performed . +1 New methods are used to deal with semi-convection . Different entropy gradient is used when adopting the Schwarzschild method and the Ledoux method which are used to confine the convective boundary and to calculate the turbulent quantities : $ \frac { \partial \overline { s } } { \partial r } =-\frac { c_ { p } } { H_P } ( \nabla-\nabla_ { \rm ad } ) $ when the Schwarzschild method is adopted and $ \frac { \partial \overline { s } } { \partial r } =-\frac { c_ { p } } { H_P } ( \nabla-\nabla_ { \rm ad } -\nabla_ { \mu } ) $ when the Ledoux method is adopted . +1 In the present letter we extend these results to a system which is out of equilibrium and evolves to a stationary state according to a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation . By means of time-scale conversion , it is shown that there exists a `` correspondence '' among the self-similar solutions of the nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations associated with the different Tsallis formalisms . +1 For this purpose , a microcanonical version of the heatbath algorithm is implemented . The finite size behaviour of the loop in the curve describing the inverse temperature versus energy density is discussed , emphasizing that the extrema do not have the meaning of van der Waals-like `` spinodal points '' separating metastable from unstable states , but rather describe the onset of heterophase states : droplet/bubble evaporation/condensation transitions . +0 This confirms results from cluster studies where it was suggested that the different splitting , dependent on the functional , between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital , could be the reason for this change of the adsorption site . The B3LYP functional gives the top site as the preferred site . +0 We also perform lattice QCD simulation in a canonical approach using the fugacity expansion of the fermion determinant , and carefully examine its reliability . We present analytic derivation of the canonical partition functions and Lee-Yang zeros for this type of free energy using the saddle point approximation . +0 We detect an over-all amplitude for the SZ signal at the ~ 8-sigma level , yielding a combined constraint of f_ { gas } h = 0.08 +/- 0.01 ( ran ) +/- 0.01 ( sys ) on the gas mass fraction of the Intra-Cluster Medium . We devise a Monte-Carlo based , optimized filter match method to extract the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich ( SZ ) signature of a catalog of 116 low-redshift X-ray clusters from the first year data release of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) . +0 Our findings have important implications for precision local electrical measurements . The effects of measurement non-ideality are also investigated . +0 We show that the action principle can be applied directly to study the stability of biological processes . Protein folding is a case in point . +0 The video shows the temporal development of Mach-number and magnitude of density-gradient in the mid-span plane , and isosurface of helium mass-fraction and $ \lam_2 $ ( vortical structures ) . We performed large-eddy simulation with the sub-grid scale ( LES-SGS ) stretched-vortex model of momentum and scalar transport to study the gas-dynamics interactions of a helium inclined round jet into a supersonic ( $ M=3.6 $ ) turbulent ( \Reth $ =13\times10^3 $ ) air flow over a flat surface . +1 We continue the study of the entanglement entropy of two disjoint intervals in conformal field theories that we started in J . Stat.Mech . ( 2009 ) P11001 . We compute Tr\rho_A^n for any integer n for the Ising universality class and the final result is expressed as a sum of Riemann-Siegel theta functions . +1 Based on theoretical stellar evolution models , the host star has a mass and radius of 1.47 +- 0.12 M_sun , and 1.500 +- 0.050 R_sun , respectively . Spectroscopic observations made with Keck-I/HIRES during a partial transit event show the Doppler shadow of HAT-P-57b moving across the average spectral line profile of HAT-P- 57 , confirming the object as a planetary system . +1 The task is accomplished in three steps . The first step is the construction of a modified cobar complex adapted to a non-coassociative comultiplication . +0 Furthermore it has no restrictions on the dimension , the number of frequencies or the orientation of the RF fields . Here we present an approach based on Floquet theory and show that it offers significant corrections to existing models when two RF frequencies are near degenerate . +1 Both schemes double the number of instances in case a generation ends without finding an improvement . In a successful generation , the first scheme resets the system to one instance , while the second scheme halves the number of instances . +1 Neither plate tectonics nor Earth expansion theory is sufficient to provide a basis for understanding geoscience . Each theory is incomplete and possesses problematic elements , but both have served as stepping stones to a more fundamental and inclusive geoscience theory that I call Whole-Earth Decompression Dynamics ( WEDD ) . +0 The proposed approach uses Gaussian Process ( GP ) modeling to improve upon SELC , and hence named $ \mathcal { G } $ -SELC . Although powerful , it fails to extract substantial information from the data to guide the search efficiently , as this methodology is not based on any statistical modeling . +0 For cells receiving heterogeneous inputs , we further show that correlation increases with the geometric mean spiking rate in the same stereotyped manner , greatly extending the generality of this relationship . Using linear response and asymptotic methods for pairs of unconnected integrate-and-fire ( IF ) neurons receiving white noise inputs , we show that this correlation transfer depends on the output spike firing rate in a strong , stereotyped manner , and is , surprisingly , almost independent of the interspike variance . +1 At the second vertex , a strong color field is assumed to play the role of particle production , which depend on the momentum transferred from the first vertex . The wave function of the nucleon quarks are determined using the variation method and relevant boundary conditions are applied to calculate the deep inelastic cross sections of the virtual diagram . +1 They fully use the field theoretical Schwinger-Keldysh out of equilibrium method in a non-perturbative way . These approaches take into account the non-linear interaction between the quantum modes and exactly conserve energy ( covariantly ) . +1 We construct an action of a polynomial ring on the colored sl ( 2 ) link homology of Cooper-Krushkal , over which this homology is finitely generated . We define a new , related link homology which is finite dimensional , extends to tangles , and categorifies a scalar-multiple of the sl ( 2 ) Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant . +1 The integrable close and open chain models can be formulated in terms of generators of the Hecke algebras . In this review paper , we describe in detail the Bethe ansatz for the XXX and the XXZ integrable close chain models . +1 Lattice simulations have demonstrated that a background ( electro ) magnetic field reduces the chiral/deconfinement transition temperature of quantum chromodynamics for eB & lt ; 1 GeV^2 . On the level of observables , this reduction manifests itself in an enhancement of the Polyakov loop and in a suppression of the light quark condensates ( inverse magnetic catalysis ) in the transition region . +0 Based on the underground experimental data taken from November 2010 to December 2011 in CJPL , which has effective live time of 171 days , the cosmic ray muon flux in CJPL is measured to be ( 2.0+-0.4 ) *10^ ( -10 ) / ( cm^2 ) / ( s ) . The performance of the telescope system has been studied using the cosmic ray on the ground laboratory near CJPL . +1 Despite their near dominance , heuristic state search planners still lag behind disjunctive planners in the generation of parallel plans in classical planning . The reason is that directly searching for parallel solutions in state space planners would require the planners to branch on all possible subsets of parallel actions , thus increasing the branching factor exponentially . +0 Let $ l_0 $ be a prime number which is congruent to $ 3 $ modulo $ 4 $ , and is such that $ 7 $ splits in the field $ K = \mathbb Q ( \sqrt { -l_0 } ) $ . Then we show that the complex L-series of $ E^ { ( R ) } $ does not vanish at $ s=1 $ , and the full Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture is true for $ E^ { ( R ) } $ . +0 The dressing field is spatially modulated by inductive effects over a micro-engineered conducting loop , freeing the trapping region from leading wires in its proximity . We propose a flexible and robust scheme to create closed quasi-one dimensional guides for ultra-cold atoms through the dressing of hyperfine sub-levels of the atomic ground state . +0 The foreseen effects are used to establish upper bounds on the Lorentz-violating coefficients . It is also seen that such backgrounds are able to yield state oscillations even in the absence of the electromagnetic field . +1 We present spectroscopic observations of galaxies in 4 clusters at z = 0.7-0.8 and in one cluster at z~0.5 obtained with the FORS2 spectrograph on the VLT as part of the ESO Distant Cluster Survey ( EDisCS ) , a photometric and spectroscopic survey of 20 intermediate to high redshift clusters . We describe our target selection , mask design , observation and data reduction procedures , using these first 5 clusters to demonstrate how our strategies maximise the number of cluster members for which we obtain spectroscopy . +1 In particular , this allows equations and rewrite rules to be specified between graphs . Particular computational models can then be encoded as an axiomatic set of such rules . +1 The binary system modelled consists of a 3 solar masses AGB star on the main sequence , in a 3AU circular orbit . Three-dimensional simulations are performed for gases with polytropic indices gamma=1 , 1.1 and 1.5 , to bracket more realistic situations that would include radiative cooling . +0 Accordingly , the evolution of percolation model is considered as a hierarchical inverse cascade of cluster aggregation . The key elements of the approach are the tree representation of clusters and their coalescence , and the Horton-Strahler scheme for cluster ranking . +1 The CO Stokes $ I $ maps at an angular resolution of $ \sim $ 1 $ \arcsec $ reveal two bipolar outflows from the binary sources of the NGC 1333 IRAS 4A . The kinematic features of the CO emission can be modeled by wind-driven outflows at $ \sim $ 20 $ \arcdeg $ inclined from the plane of the sky . +0 On the other hand , we exhibit actual attacks on recent schemes such as those introduced at ACISP 2007 , ACISP 2008 , and SPIE 2010 , and some others . On the one hand , we introduce a new comprehensive framework that encompasses the various schemes we want to look at . +1 Using a time series model to mimic an observed time series has a long history . However , with regard to this objective , conventional estimation methods for discrete-time dynamical models are frequently found to be wanting . +1 We model this scenario as a non-cooperative game in which each user selects his actual arrival time . We present explicit equilibria solutions for a two-user example , namely the subgame perfect and Nash equilibria and show that multiple equilibria may exist . +0 The time series contains many gaps which increase in frequency and duration at larger distances . Unfortunately , a complete time evolution of the measured physical quantities is not available . +1 Nevertheless , even a small fraction of ultra-strongly self-interacting dark matter ( uSIDM ) can have observable consequences on astrophysical scales . In particular , the uSIDM subcomponent can undergo gravothermal collapse and form seed black holes in the center of a halo . +1 The 17 Very Red Objects ( VROs ; 3.5 & lt ; I-K ' & lt ; 4 ) are also significantly detected ( 1.32 +/- 0.19 mJy ) , bringing the combined VRO and ERO contribution to 2.59 +/- 0.19 x 10^4 mJy per square degree . There is a substantial systematic uncertainty ( about a factor of two ) in this value due to field-to-field variation , but even with this uncertainty it is clear that a large fraction of the 850-micron background arises from red objects . +1 A sample-and-hold technique gives an extended tuning range of several THz in the UV . This scheme is universally applicable to the stabilization of laser systems at wavelengths not directly accessible to atomic or molecular resonances . +1 For unpolarized electrons there exist no persistent charge currents , but persistent spin currents . We show that , in general , the magnitude of the persistent spin current in a ring depends on the direction of the direct current flow from one reservoir to another . +0 We summarise the derivation of the Dyson-Schwinger equations ( DSEs ) of QED and QCD . Evidence for the violation of positivity by quarks and transverse gluons in the covariant gauge is collected , and it is argued that this is one manifestation of confinement . +0 Since the AIC is not a computable function we use , as approximation of the AIC , a notion of information content given by the length of the string after it has been compressed by a compression algorithm , and in particular we introduce a new compression algorithm called CASToRe . We give results for the behaviour of the AIC for the logistic map . +0 The inclusion of zero point energy leads to two different possible dissociations of H $ _2 $ S , namely 3H $ _2 $ S $ \to $ 2H $ _3 $ S + S and 5H $ _2 $ S $ \to $ 3H $ _3 $ S + HS $ _2 $ , where both H $ _3 $ S and HS $ _2 $ are metallic . We use first principles calculations to study structural , vibrational and superconducting properties of H $ _2 $ S at pressures $ P\ge 200 $ GPa . +0 Based on our construction , a lower bound of symmetric Boolean functions with algebraic immunity not less than $ d $ is derived , which is $ 2^ { \lfloor \log_2 { d } \rfloor + 2 ( k-d+1 ) } $ . Remarkably , $ 2^ { \lfloor \log_2 { k } \rfloor + 2 } $ symmetric Boolean functions on $ 2k $ variables with maximum algebraic immunity are constructed , which is much more than the previous constructions . +0 In particular , average observed radio-loud pulsar is younger than radio-quiet one and is located at smaller galactic latitude . It was recently noted that there are apparent differences in properties of radio-quiet and radio-loud subsets . +1 We present analytic derivation of the canonical partition functions and Lee-Yang zeros for this type of free energy using the saddle point approximation . We also perform lattice QCD simulation in a canonical approach using the fugacity expansion of the fermion determinant , and carefully examine its reliability . +1 First , it is shown that agents ' best response problems have unique solutions , even when the underlying probability space is infinite . The risk-sharing Nash equilibrium admits a finite-dimensional characterisation and it is proved to exist for general number of agents and be unique in the two-agent game . +0 An analytical transfer matrix ( ATM ) based exact quantization formula is derived for magnetic fields that vary ( arbitrarily ) along one spatial direction . We study the bound states of a two dimensional free electron gas ( 2DEG ) subjected to a perpendicular inhomogeneous magnetic field . +1 In previous studies a very hot plasma component has been diagnosed in solar active regions through the images in three different narrow-band channels of SDO/AIA . This diagnostic from EUV imaging data has also been supported by the matching morphology of the emission in the hot Ca XVII line , as observed with Hinode/EIS . +1 The temperature and abundance were obtained to be 4-6 keV and 0.2-0.5 solar value with average values of 5.62+0.05-0.07 keV and 0.36+0.02-0.01 solar value within a radius of 5 ' , respectively . The redshift was derived to be 8.01+0.02-0.02x10^-2 against an optical value of 8.45x10^-2 . +1 Typically they are generated by compactly supported functions with a certain regularity . In this paper we consider partition of unities obtained as integer-translates of entire functions restricted to finite intervals . +1 For similar algebraic structures $ B_i $ , $ i\in I $ let $ \Pi ( B_i|i\in I ) $ and $ \Pi _ { \mathcal { D } } ( B_i|i\in I ) $ denote the direct product and the ultraproduct of $ B_i $ , respectively . Let $ \mathcal { D } ^* $ denote the ultraproduct congruence on $ \Pi ( B_i|i\in I ) $ . +1 When there is non-collinear magnetization in the sample however , there will be significant scattering from one spin state into the other and the reference potentials will differ between the incoming and outgoing wavefunctions , changing the angle and intensities of the scattering . The theory of the scattering and recommended experimental practices for this type of measurement are presented , as well as an example measurement . +0 It provides a model-independent formalism for connecting lattice simulation results at finite volume and a variety of quark masses to the physical world . Chiral effective field theory complements numerical simulations of quantum chromodynamics ( QCD ) on a space-time lattice . +1 Since this species can cause environmental damage of various kinds , it is necessary to evaluate its expected in not yet infested areas . A structured discrete model is built , taking into account all biological information we were able to find , including the environmental variability implemented by means of stochastic parameters ( coefficients of fertility , death , etc . ) . +1 We present a computer simulation model that is a one-to-one copy of a quantum eraser experiment with photons ( P. D. D. Schwindt { \sl et al . } , Phys.Rev . A 60 , 4285 ( 1999 ) ) . +1 The simulations , based on a relativistic quantum lattice Boltzmann method , permit to compute the transmission coefficient across the sample , thereby providing an estimate for the conductivity as a function of impurity concentration and strength of the potentials . It is found that the conductivity loss due to impurities is significantly higher for wave-packets of massive particles , as compared to massless ones . +1 In this theoretical work we propose a non-contact motion control technique based on the introduction of a tunable magnetic interaction . The latter is realized by coating two non-touching sliding bodies with ferromagnetic films . +0 This system will operate using a pulsed laser with light delivered via an optical fibre and subsequently focused through a thin slice of the H- beam . To measure the transverse emittance of the H- beam , a method based on photo-detachment is proposed . +1 These suggest multiple merger events in this cluster . In this paper , we analyze the substantial archival X-ray observations of Abell 3667 from ChandraX-ray Observatory and compare these with existing radio observations as well as state-of-the-art AMR ( Adaptive Mesh Refinement ) MHD cosmological simulations using Enzo . +1 These results applied to the number partitioning problem as a special case are compared with those which were previously obtained by a different method . We discuss the limit of applicability of the techniques of statistical mechanics to the present problem . +1 These eruptions are thought to represent key mass loss episodes in the lives of massive stars . I discuss the possibility of dormant LBVs and implications for the duration of the greater LBV phase and its role in stellar evolution . +0 Using this technique , damped free fall oscillations are generated via an external DC bias to the lower electrode . In this paper , an experimental method is presented for investigating the ion wakefield which employs a new oscillation technique designed to perturb a two-particle vertical chain . +1 Constraints on the axion-electron coupling constant were obtained for axions with masses in the $ ( 0.1-1.0 ) $ MeV range : $ g_ { Ae } \leq ( 1.8-9.0 ) \times 10^ { -7 } $ . The solar positron flux from $ A\rightarrow e^-+e^+ $ decay was determined for axions with masses $ m_A & gt ; 2m_e $ . +0 Under a mild assumption on input and number of processors our algorithm will have optimal time and cache misses with high probability . Although the approach yielded optimal speed-up in the PRAM model , we require additional techniques to optimize cache-misses in an oblivious setting . +0 We investigate the viability of such an expansion for the oscillatory bispectra and find that one needs an increasing number of or- thonormal mode functions to achieve significant correlation between the expansion and the original spectrum as a function of their frequency . In order to put constraints on their bispectra , a logical first step is to put these into factorized form which can be achieved via the recently proposed method of polynomial basis expansion on the tetrahedral domain . +0 After an overview of the basic concepts of bulk and boundary conformal field theory , we present an explicit calculation of some two-point correlation functions in Virasoro minimal models with boundary . In the presence of a boundary , with the so-called method of images it is possible to study the surface critical behaviour of these systems , and the conformal boundary conditions can be related to the bulk operator content of the theory . +1 For wireless networks ( and other networks ) , graphs are actually not the correct model of the communication ; instead hyper-graphs better capture the communication over a wireless shared channel . Motivated by this example , we study in this paper random walks on hyper-graphs . +1 We study the warm-tachyon inflationary universe model with viscous pressure in high-dissipation regime . General conditions which are required for this model to be realizable are derived in the slow-roll approximation . +1 The considerations will then be extended to the asymptotic limit , and we will prove some asymptotic continuity properties . We proceed by investigating the entanglement of formation and the relative entropy of entanglement in the infinite-dimensional setting . +0 However , increasing the strength of the graphene-substrate interaction enhances the TC of supported graphene , contrary to expectations . Coupling to the substrate reduces the thermal conductivity ( TC ) of supported graphene by an order of magnitude , due to damping of the flexural acoustic ( ZA ) phonons . +0 We also estimate the lifetimes of the local minima on the Coulomb branch . We find that supersymmetry on the Coulomb branch is dynamically broken as a consequence of the strong dynamics of SU ( 2 ) gauge symmetry while the supersymmetric vacuum on the Higgs branch remains . +1 Specifically , we use the union of a novel type of simple volume primitives , which are spheres and the convex hulls of two or three spheres , to approximate a given 3D shape . We compute such a volume approximation based on a new method for medial axis simplification guided by Hausdorff errors . +1 I discuss the methods of analysis , their relative advantages and disadvantages , and their reliabilities . I summarize the most recent and important results on the mass distributions of galaxy systems , from nearby to medium-distant systems , and from groups to clusters . +0 Active studies have been done recently experimentally , theoretically , and on the lattice . Bulk fluctuations of conserved charges measured by event-by-event analysis in relativistic heavy ion collisions are observables which are believed to carry significant amount of information on the hot medium created by the collisions . +1 The effect of kick velocity to newly born pulsars on the distribution of $ \gamma $ -ray bursters is examined in the context of a disk origin model and a halo model of $ \gamma $ -ray bursters . The conversion formula from a 2-dimensional velocity distribution function to a 3-dimensional distribution function is derived and applied to reproduce the distribution function of the kick velocity of radio pulsars . +0 We find no evidence of non-Gaussianity , and we have the following constraints : -125 & lt ; f_NL^equil & lt ; 435 , -369 & lt ; f_NL^orthog & lt ; 71 at 95 % CL . We perform the optimal analysis of the WMAP 5-year data for both of these parameters . +0 The properties of the obtained inequality are discussed . The Minkowski type trace inequality for the density matrices of the qudit states is rewritten in terms of the purities . +1 We present for the first time the calorimetric measurement of the atomic de-excitation of the $ ^ { 163 } $ Dy daughter atom upon the capture of an electron from the 5s shell in $ ^ { 163 } $ Ho , OI-line . The measured peak energy is 48 eV . +0 We show that planets may survive and become misaligned from their host binary , or may develop erratic behavior in eccentricity , resulting in their consumption by the stars or ejection from the system as the binary decays . Here we explore the orbital evolution of planets around binaries undergoing orbital decay by this mechanism . +1 The gauge invariant equations for the displacement field have been derived . It has been shown that the energy-momentum tensor of this field conserves and hence the displacement field can be treated as one that transports energy and gravitates . +1 The X-ray morphology is varied , but in general closely matches the radio structure until the first sharp radio bend . In the sources with optical data as well as X-ray detections we rule out simple synchrotron models for X-ray emission , suggesting these systems may instead be dominated by inverse Compton ( IC ) scattering . +1 These do not have analogue within the classical relaxation-dephasing picture , but are inherently quantum many-body effects . These should incorporate the spatiotemporal-dependent phase-space dynam- ics of Elliot-Yafet and Dyakonov-Perel scatterings . +1 We present here a global reanalysis of the cross section data aimed at understanding the disagreement between the Rosenbluth extraction and the polarization transfer data . We find that the individual cross section measurements are self-consistent , and that the new global analysis yields results that are still inconsistent with polarization measurements . +0 All the sources use channel contention to get transmission opportunity . This letter studies distributed opportunistic channel access in a wireless network with decode-and-forward relays . +0 Recall that in the prior work with Sormani the same conclusion is reached but the singular set is assumed to be a submanifold of codimension two . We prove that if a family of metrics , $ g_i $ , on a compact Riemannian manifold , $ M^n $ , have a uniform lower Ricci curvature bound and converge to $ g_\infty $ smoothly away from a singular set , $ S $ , with Hausdorff measure , $ H^ { n-1 } ( S ) = 0 $ , and if there exists connected precompact exhaustion , $ W_j $ , of $ M^n \setminus S $ satisfying $ \diam_ { g_i } ( M^n ) \le D_0 $ , $ \vol_ { g_i } ( \partial W_j ) \le A_0 $ and $ \vol_ { g_i } ( M^n \setminus W_j ) \le V_j where \lim_ { j\to\infty } V_j=0 $ then the Gromov-Hausdorff limit exists and agrees with the metric completion of $ ( M^n \setminus S , g_\infty ) $ . +0 Next we consider realistic Class 0 , I , and II source models and find that the other dominant effect of varying stellar temperature on YSO SEDs is that of the inner disk wall : In high-Tstar models , the dust destruction radius is much further out with a consequently larger inner disk wall that contributes relatively more to the 2-10 um flux . Stellar light contributes relatively more to the MIR emission of YSOs with lower temperature stars ( Tstar ~4000 K ) because the emission peak wavelength of the star is closer to that of the thermal radiation . +0 We obtain a generalization for commuting tuples of operators in the class $ B_1 ( \Omega ) $ , for a bounded domain $ \Omega $ in $ \mathbb C^m $ . Along the way , we find conditions on the metric of the holomorphic Hermitian vector bundle $ E_T $ corresponding to the operator $ T $ in the Cowen-Douglas class $ B_1 ( \mathbb D ) $ which ensures negative definiteness of the curvature function . +0 The exact critical exponents of the chiral polymer model on the honeycomb lattice are found , verifying that this model is in the same universality class as a previously solved model of polymers on the Manhattan lattice . This mapping is exact in the classical percolation limit of the plateau transition , and diffusive behavior at the critical energy is shown to be related to the critical exponents of a class of chiral polymers at the $ \theta $ -point . +0 The main feature of the non-Abelian strings is the occurrence of orientational moduli associated with the possibility of rotations of their color fluxes inside a global SU ( N ) group . We consider non-Abelian 1/2 BPS flux tubes ( strings ) in a deformed N=2 supersymmetric gauge theory , with mass terms mu_ { 1,2 } of the adjoint fields breaking N=2 down to N=1 . +0 In particular the first excitation of the photon could be accessible to future accelerators and give a clear signal of the proposed mechanism . A generic prediction of this mechanism is the existence of Kaluza-Klein excitations for gauge bosons and higgses . +1 Four experimental groups have already tested their small-scale prototypes with up to four photons . The boson sampler with few dozens of single photons is believed to be hard to simulate on a classical computer . +1 The proposed method is motivated by the intuitive and practical nature of the driven Liouville von-Neumann equation approach of S\'anchez et al. [ J . Chem . Phys. , 124 , 214708 ( 2006 ) ] . +0 1 ; SF rate ~ 2 Msuns/yr ) . The molecular gas and the instantaneous SF tracers indicate that the current sites of star formation are located in a hypercompact disk within 200 pc of the nucleus ( Fig . +0 Further experimental implications are given . Comparisons with previous microscopic numerical calculations are made . +0 The weak long-range attractions damp the dynamics and the diffusion of the particles in gas- , super critical fluid- and in liquid states . The changes in the distribution caused by neglecting the attractive forces , lead to a too high pressure . +0 For fixed $ x $ , the process $ F ( t ) =u ( x , t ) $ has a nontrivial quartic variation . We consider the solution $ u ( x , t ) $ to a stochastic heat equation . +0 As a result of the coupling , additional sidebands appear in the energy spectrum of the coupled device that would be absent without phase coherence . For magnetic insulators with different critical fields , a spontaneous alternating quasiparticle current develops with a leading oscillation frequency { \omega } a.c. that is determined by the difference between the critical fields . +1 The absorption in the extremal D3-brane background is studied for a class of massless fields whose linear perturbations leave the ten-dimensional background metric unperturbed , as well as the minimally-coupled massive scalar . We find that various fields have the same absorption probability as that of the dilaton-axion system , which is given exactly via the Mathieu equation . +0 However , for some special cases the proof method gives positive results while using different assumptions to Gleason . Unfortunately , it turns out that after the necessary corrections we have done no more than give an easier proof of Gleason 's theorem under stronger assumptions . +0 The flows connected with supergranulation seem to be coherent only in the upper ~5 Mm depth , deeper down there is a hint on change of convection scales towards structures larger than supergranules . Using the combined inversion I invert for horizontal flows in the upper 10 Mm of the solar convection zone . +1 We find a well-evolved , intermediate luminosity cluster with Lx= ( 6.4+-1.3 ) x10^43 erg/s ( 0.5-2.0 keV ) and strong central 1.4 GHz radio emission . The cluster galaxy population exhibits a pronounced transition toward bluer colors at cluster-centric distances of 1-2 core radii , consistent with an age difference of 1-2 Gyr for a single burst solar metallicity model . +0 Based on the CGRO/EGRET surface brightness of the Galaxy above 100 MeV as a tracer of the cosmic-ray ( CR ) induced gamma-ray background , the expected GRXE flux in GA exceeds the measured 2 sigma upper limit by a factor of 4 . This upper limit exceeds the expected GRXE intensity in the GA direction by an order of magnitude , given the near-infrared ( NIR ) surface brightness of the Milky Way in this region and the standard hard X-ray-to-NIR intensity ratio for the GRXE , assuming stellar origin . +0 The optical sample contains 208 ACO clusters within redshift , $ z \leq 0.25 $ . Samples of simulated clusters include star formation with supernovae feedback , radiative cooling , and simulation in the adiabatic limit at three different redshifts , z = 0.0 , 0.10 , and 0.25 . +0 The model predictions for the galaxy two-point correlation functions are compared with the recent results from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey . We explore two models for the secondary property , namely subhalo assembly time and local dark matter density around each subhalo . +0 The properties of neutron star matter are described by the equation of state of Lattimer & amp ; Swesty . The three-dimensional Newtonian equations of hydrodynamics are integrated by the `Piecewise Parabolic Method ' However , we do include the effects of the emission of gravitational waves on the hydrodynamics . +0 Color and rotation exhibit a correlation with differential rotation in the sense that more stars are rotating differentially in the cooler , less rapidly rotating stars . I analyze the fraction of differentially rotating stars as a function of color , rotation , and activity in a large sample of F-type stars . +1 This paper introduces a new , simple upper bound on the probability of a MAP solution , which admits a tradeoff between the bound quality and the time needed to compute it . The bound is shown to be generally much tighter than those of other methods of comparable complexity . +1 Simulations assuming a Gaussian peak shape and a Gaussian autocorrelation function show that desired error levels are achieved for relatively low SNR and are robust to partial peak overlap . Simulations also show that detection power is maximized when the smoothing bandwidth is close to the bandwidth of the signal peaks , akin to the well-known matched filter theorem in signal processing . +0 Spontaneous decay of the intermediate state populates a number of low-lying metastable states , thus limiting the excited state population and fluorescence signal obtainable with continuous laser excitation . As the first excitation step , the strongest resonance line at 402 nm from the 6d^2 7s J=3/2 ground state to the 6d7s7p J=5/2 state at 24874 cm^ { -1 } is driven by radiation from an extended cavity diode laser . +0 We show that such a system acts as a quantum filter , i.e.it effectively absorbs quantum states with sufficiently high transversal energy but transmits low-energy states . The wave-guide in question is equipped with a mirror below and a rough absorber above . +0 The analysis then shows how time integration affects the development of reduced basis a posteriori error bounds as well as the construction of computationally efficient reduced basis approximation spaces . We shall discuss both a method based on the standard formulation as well as a method based on a penalty approach , which combine techniques developed in our previous work on parametrized saddle point problems with current reduced basis techniques for parabolic problems . +0 We define the FES quasiparticle energies , we calculate the FES parameters of the system and we deduce the equations for the equilibrium particle populations . We describe a mean field interacting particle system in any number of dimensions and in a generic external potential as an ideal gas with fractional exclusion statistics ( FES ) . +1 The rings relax stress much faster than linear polymers and the zero-shear viscosity was found to vary as approximately N to the 1.4 power which is much weaker than the N to the 3.4 power of linear chains , not matching any commonly known model for polymer dynamics when compared to the observed mean-square displacements . These findings are discussed in view of the conformational properties of the rings presented in the preceding paper ( DOI : 10.1063/1.3587137 ) . +0 We then use these to find an infinite family of asymptotically flat embeddings of NHEK spacetimes in string theory , parameterized by the arbitrary values of the moduli at infinity . We present three ways of viewing these pseudo-dualities : as a series of transformations in the STU model , as a combination of Melvin twists and T-dualities and , finally , as a sequence of two generalized spectral flows and a coordinate transformation . +0 By comparing with the exact analytic results by Scoccimarro & amp ; Frieman ( 1996 ) , it is shown that , at least for the unsmoothed case , the loop corrections to the cumulants of $ \theta $ are dominated by tidal effects . Here , we derive predictions for the ( smoothed ) cumulants of the velocity divergence field $ \theta \equiv \nabla\cdot\vv $ for an irrotational fluid in the SC model . +0 Both approaches based on the stochastic chemical kinetic evolution under the detailed balance condition . In the work two ways of evolutionary interpretation of entropy model for correspondence matrix calculation are proposed . +1 We show that the recent computation of the soft-virtual corrections to Higgs boson production at N $ ^3 $ LO [ 1 ] together with the universality structure of soft-gluon emission can be exploited to extract the general expression of the hard-virtual coefficient that contributes to threshold resummation at N $ ^3 $ LL accuracy . The hard-virtual coefficient is directly related to the process-dependent virtual amplitude through a universal ( process-independent ) factorization formula that we explicitly evaluate up to three-loop order . +0 Finally , for an arbitrary frequency range , the proper distance between two test masses is calculated and its usefulness in the high-frequency limit for space-based interferometers is briefly considered . The angular dependence of the electric and magnetic contributions to the response function is discussed . +0 This allows for the use of inverse Abel transformation methods that enhance the resolution further . Futhermore , the counterpropagating geometry results in images that are symmetric with respect to the relative velocity vector . +1 For particle numbers significantly larger than unity , the required angular momentum is very large and it can be obtained only for spinning frequencies extremely near to the deconfinement limit ; consequently , the required control on experimental parameters turns out to be far too stringent . Here we propose to follow instead a dynamic path starting from the gas confined in a rotating ring . +1 LE analyses are complemented by nonlinear FE analysis . The Riks method available in Abaqus/Standard , coupled with the Concrete Damaged Plasticity ( CDP ) model is used to simulate the degradation of concrete surrounding both DTR the traditional cylindrical dowels . +1 A 70 , 062101 ( 2004 ) ] Gibbons et al . defined a class of discrete Wigner functions W to represent quantum states in a finite Hilbert space dimension d. I characterize a set C_d of states having non-negative W simultaneously in all definitions of W in this class . +1 The results on the existence of a suitable Hilbert product are partial . They were derived in collaboration with Abhay Ashtekar . +1 The particle Randers transformations are achieved through the Finslerian Killing equation which also shows the equivalence between observer and particle Randers transformation . For a constant background vector , the Randers transformations can be regarded as a deformed directional-dependent Poincar\'e transformation . +1 We will present discontinuous Galerkin ( dG ) methods that allow for discontinuities across the subdomain ( patch ) boundaries . The required interface conditions are weakly imposed by the dG terms associated with the boundary of the sub-domains . +1 We consider the statistical inference for precision matrices with ultra high-dimensional time dependent observations . More specifically , let $ \boldsymbol { \Omega } $ be the precision matrix and $ \mathcal { S } $ be a given index set of interest . +1 Such a procedure -besides not modifying the spin 1 sector- leads to the well-known conformal coupling between the scalar curvature and the massless Klein-Gordon-Fock field . Going beyond the riemannian spacetimes , we briefly discuss the effects of a nonvanishing torsion in the scalar case . +1 During the self-detuning cycle new and new narrow phonon modes are sequentially `` fired '' on one side of the spectrum and approximately the same number of modes are `` extinguished '' on the other side , up to a complete generation breakdown in a certain final portion of the frequency axis . This is usually followed by a short-time refractority , after which the generation is fired again in the opposite ( starting ) portion of the frequency axis . +1 Exponential growth of the volume of Bluetooth-enabled devices indicates that it has become a popular way of wireless interconnections for exchanging information . The main goal of this paper is to analyze the most critical Bluetooth attacks in real scenarios . +0 These interferometric measurements , the stars ' observed photometric energy distributions , and $ v \sin i $ values are used to computationally construct model oblate stars from which stellar properties ( inclination , rotational velocity , and the radius and effective temperature as a function of latitude , etc . ) At least four of these stars have large rotational velocities ( $ v \sin i $ $ \gtrsim $ 170 $ \mathrm { km~s^ { -1 } } $ ) and are expected to be oblate . +1 Other approaches for stating security policies fall short of what is desirable with respect to either policy clarity , executability , or the precision with which a policy may be expressed . However , LaSCO is designed to have those three desirable properties of a security policy language as well as : relevance for many different systems , statement of policies at an appropriate level of detail , user friendliness for both casual and expert users , and amenability to formal reasoning . +1 Many authors have argued that the appearance of various subsets of class I masers may be indicative of specific evolutionary stages of star formation or excitation conditions . Until recently , however , no major interferometer was capable of imaging the important 36 GHz transition . +1 The data archive is now sufficiently large that it can be used to investigate instrumental properties and the variability of astronomical sources . This paper describes the automated calibration and reduction scheme used to process the archive data with particular emphasis on `jiggle-map ' observations of compact sources . +0 Within this dissertation , the 38 MeV O ( 8+ ) + C experiment , conducted at Western Michigan University using the tandem Van de Graaff accelerator , is discussed and the first experimental evidence of the RDEC process is presented . Thus , RDEC can be considered as the simplest , clean tool for investigation of the electron-electron interaction in the presence of electromagnetic fields generated during ion-atom collisions . +0 Two distributed adaptive controllers are proposed for the cases with and without a virtual leader to which a time-varying reference attitude is assigned . This paper addresses the distributed attitude synchronization problem of multiple spacecraft with unknown inertia matrices . +0 Using Bregman distances , we present new , proper convex Bayes cost functions for which the MAP estimator is the Bayes estimator . In this article we present recent theoretical and computational observations that challenge this point of view , in particular for high-dimensional sparsity-promoting Bayesian inversion . +1 This paper provides detailed comparisons of chemical reaction mechanisms of H2 applicable at high preheat temperatures and pressures relevant to gas turbine and particularly Alstom 's reheat gas turbine conditions . It is shown that the available reaction mechanisms exhibit large differences in several important elementary reaction coefficients . +1 We present new limits on the annihilation cross section of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ( WIMPs ) based on the joint analysis of seven Milky Way dwarfs using a frequentist Neyman construction and Pass 7 data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope . We exclude generic WIMP candidates annihilating into b-bbar with mass less than 40 GeV that reproduce the observed relic abundance . +0 However , as the number of component series is increased , the VAR model quickly becomes overparameterized , making reliable estimation difficult and impeding its adoption as a forecasting tool in high dimensional settings . Vector autoregression ( VAR ) is a fundamental tool for modeling the joint dynamics of multivariate time series . +0 The kinematics of the tau from the signal B decay are inferred from the K+ , mu , and other B in the event , which is fully reconstructed in one of a variety of hadronic decay modes , allowing the signal B candidate to be fully reconstructed . The branching fraction for this decay can be substantially enhanced in new physics models . +0 Ongoing analysis has led to the identification of three candidates . We have sampled 120,000 stars via differential photometry , of which ~26,000 have sufficient photometric accuracy ( & lt ; =2.5 % ) with which to perform a search for transiting planets . +0 The majority of clumpy disks in our sample have a high probability of containing AGN . We use emission line diagnostics to compare a sample of 14 clumpy ( unstable ) disks and a sample of 13 smoother ( stable ) disks at redshift z~0.7 . +0 Canary is motivated by the observation that a central scheduler is a bottleneck for high performance codes : a handful of multicore workers can execute tasks faster than a controller can schedule them . We present Canary , a scheduling architecture that allows high performance analytics workloads to scale out to run on thousands of cores . +0 In comparison to monolayer tracks , the SV track enables more sensitive and versatile measurements , as well as an electronic output of DW-based devices , of crucial interest to applications . This thesis focuses on DW manipulation and DW-based devices in spin-valve ( SV ) tracks . +1 In more details , we provide a new algorithm for the problem of universal gathering mobile oblivious robots ( that is , starting from any initial configuration that is not bivalent , using any number of robots , the robots reach in a finite number of steps the same position , not known beforehand ) without relying on a common orientation nor chirality . We give very strong guaranties on the correctness of our algorithm by proving formally that it is correct , using the COQ proof assistant . +0 However , to realize the promised good performance , one needs large blocklengths . The performance is good both asymptotically , since the belief propagation thresholds approach capacity , as well as for finite lengths , since degree-2 variables that result in high error floors can be completely avoided . +0 The time evolution is universal in the RG sense and the non-extensive entropy $ S_ { Q } $ associated to the fixed-point map is maximum with respect to that of the other maps in its basin of attraction . The exact renormalization group ( RG ) fixed-point map and perturbation static expressions match the corresponding expressions for the dynamics of iterates . +0 A positive magnetoresistance is found as a function of the perpendicular component , in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations . The scattering of electrons is assumed to be due to remote ionized impurities . +0 For example , two-photon subtraction from a squeezed vacuum state of 6.1dB can generate a SSCS of $ \alpha=1.26 $ , while in the case of the four-photon subtraction a SSCS of a larger amplitude $ \alpha=1.65 $ is obtained under the same condition . In this case , the amplitude of the SSCS increases as the number of the subtracted photons gets larger . +0 The general physical behavior is that of a Kondo lattice showing an antiferromagnetic ground state below T_N = 5.1 K. This is among the highest ordering temperatures for a Yb-based intermetallic , indicating strong exchange interaction between the Yb ions , which are close to +3 valency based on the effective moment of 4.45 mu_B/f.u . This compound crystallizes in the SmNiGe3 layered structure type of the Cmmm space group . +0 However we show that the whole theory of pseudoanalytic functions without modifications can be applied to these equations under a certain not restrictive condition . In general these Vekua equations are bicomplex . +1 This sampling method is a universal solution for all negative probability problem and shows extraordinarily power in negative cross section problem . A Monte Carlo simulation including negative cross section contribution is developed and successfully preformed to simulate reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy ( REELS ) spectra for Ag and Au as examples . +1 Consequently , differences in coverage by standard bibliometric databases installed a dichotomy between on the one hand the well covered 'exact ' sciences , and on the other hand most of the social sciences and humanities with a more limited coverage ( Nederhof , 2006 ) . Also the latter domains need to be able to soundly demonstrate their level of performance and claim or legitimate funding accordingly . +0 We also present applications of the above results to the theory of Calabi quasimorphisms and improve a result of Entov , Polterovich and Py . Using the mentioned estimate we show that , unlike the Hofer norm , the spectral norm is C^0-continuous on surfaces . +0 We show that in the worst case , the Delaunay triangulation of n points in R^3 with spread D has complexity Omega ( min { D^3 , nD , n^2 } ) and O ( min { D^4 , n^2 } ) . The spread of a set of points is the ratio between the longest and shortest pairwise distances . +0 A dynamic structural instability is identified for certain higher defect concentrations . The calculated defect free energy of formation is remarkably low , consistent with the high defect concentrations reported experimentally . +1 The growth rate of spatial Fourier modes is described qualitatively by the results of a linear stability analysis [ D.P . Barkey , R.H. Muller , and C.W . +0 A notion of \emph { total quantum nondeterminism } is introduced for decision problems . Unlike classical string complexity , both deterministic and nondeterministic quantum state complexities are interesting . +1 They introduce a level of indirection to intercept select operations on a target object and divert them as method calls to a handler . Proxies have many uses like implementing access control , enforcing contracts , virtualizing resources . +1 We consider various forms of the SCET result , which correspond to different choices of the soft scale mu_s that characterizes this approach . We derive a master formula that relates the SCET resummation to the QCD result for any choice of mu_s . +1 Instruments such OMEGA ( Mars Express ) , CRISM ( Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter ) , M^ { 3 } ( Chandrayaan-1 ) , VIRTIS ( Rosetta ) and many more , have been producing very large datasets since one decade . We propose here a fast supervised detection algorithm called LinMin , in the framework of linear unmixing , with innovative arrangement in order to treat non-linear cases due to radiative transfer in both atmosphere and surface . +1 The metal-rich and metal-poor clusters have systematically different locations and kinematics in their host galaxies . However , the red and blue clusters have similar internal properties , such as the masses , sizes , and ages . +0 Two theories are named Spin ( 7 ) dual if they have the same moduli space : a real Spin ( 7 ) cone with base a weak G_2 manifold , and they are hence holographic dual to the same AdS_4 x G_2 M theory solution . We call this duality Spin ( 7 ) duality . +0 Here we report observations of the proximity effect induced giant supercurrent states in an InAs/GaSb bilayer system that is sandwiched between two superconducting tantalum electrodes to form a superconductor-InAs/GaSb-superconductor junction . Topological superconductivity could be realized in a type II , band-inverted , InAs/GaSb quantum well if it is in proximity to a conventional superconductor . +1 Certain singularities of the G_2 manifolds are related to fixed points of these isometries ; there are two combinations of Killing vectors that possess co-dimension four fixed points which yield upon compactification only intersecting D6-branes if one also identifies two parameters . Two of the remaining parameters are quantized and we argue that they are related to the number of D6-branes , which appear in three stacks . +0 The detection of the event confirmed the main prediction of the population synthesis performed with the `` Scenario Machine '' formulated in Lipunov1997b . Our result is consistent with the assumption that gravitational waves were produced by a binary black hole merger . +1 We find that the tack energy is larger in the parallel alignment than the isotropic case by over a factor of two . The tack energy for the perpendicular alignment can be 50 % less than the isotropic case . +0 Cluster analysis was applied to the similarity score space to develop various taxonomies . Given a large set of images and the proximities between all pairs , a similarity score space is defined . +1 Close to maximum power , the maximum gain in efficiency scales as a square root of relative loss in power and this scaling is universal for broad class of systems . For the low-dissipation engines , we calculate the maximum gain in efficiency for an arbitrary fixed power . +1 Ionization of polar liquids and glasses often yields metastable electron centers collectively known as weakly bound ( wb ) electrons that absorb to the red of the ground state of the solvated/trapped electron . Formation of these species is thought to be the initial stage of electron localization in such media . +0 The energy partition and frequency broadening are evaluated for these modes . We identify four dispersion relations : ion-Bernstein waves , oblique whistler waves , oblique Alfv\'en/ion-cyclotron waves , and a zero-frequency mode . +0 defined a class of discrete Wigner functions W to represent quantum states in a finite Hilbert space dimension d. I characterize a set C_d of states having non-negative W simultaneously in all definitions of W in this class . A 70 , 062101 ( 2004 ) ] Gibbons et al . +0 We compute a lower limit on the expelled mass of $ 3.5 \times 10^ { -3 } M_ { \odot } $ , large enough to be relevant for heavy element nucleosynthesis . ( 2009 ) , we find that a strong baryonic wind is blown out along the original binary rotation axis within $ 100 $ ms after the merger . +1 We investigate polarization properties of neutral exciton emission in single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots . The in-plane shape and strain anisotropy strongly couple the heavy and light hole states and lead to large optical anisotropy with non-orthogonal linearly polarized states misaligned with respect to the crystallographic axes . +1 In this paper we examine the evolution via disk accretion . We consider a limiting case of `` cold '' disk accretion , whereby most of the stellar photosphere can radiate freely with negligible backwarming from the accretion flow , and the accreting material settles onto the star with the same specific entropy as the photosphere . +1 The Higgs sector of the Standard Model offers a unique opportunity to probe the hidden sector . The Higgs squared operator is the only dimension two operator which is Lorentz and gauge invariant . +1 Our findings corroborate experimental data on spatial chromosomal arrangement in human nuclei , from fibroblast and lymphocyte cell lines , thereby establishing that human genome constrains chromosomal arrangement . We propose that this unified theory , which requires no additional experimental input , may be extended to other eukaryotic species with annotated genomes to infer their constrained self-organized spatial arrangement of chromosomes . +0 Chebyshev polynomials are the special cases of P_ { n , m , p } ( x ) . The combinatorial meaning of its coefficients is given . +0 Moreover , the correlation exponent does not diverge in the transition from localized to delocalized states . Specifically , The eigenvectors are extended even in two dimensions . +0 We minimized the projection effects by making the measurements from a view that is roughly orthogonal to the direction of the ejection . We used the wave diameter and leading edge methods and measured the CME heights for a set of 32 metric type II bursts from solar cycle 24 . +1 We consider a wide range of possible values for the coupling parameter between different polarizations , *B* , as may happen in composite materials . Positive and also negative refraction index materials are considered . +1 We present XMM-Newton observations of the high redshift z=3.104 , radio-loud quasar PKS 0537-286 . The EPIC CCD cameras provide the highest signal-to-noise spectrum of a high-z quasar to date . +1 We investigate ( 2+1 ) -dimensional QED coupled with Dirac fermions both at zero and finite temperature . We discuss in details two-components ( P-odd ) and four-components ( P-even ) fermion fields . +0 LVD has detected 48 neutrino events , associated to the beam , with a high absolute time accuracy . The CERN-SPS accelerator has been operated from May 10th to May 24th 2012 , with a tightly bunched-beam structure to allow the velocity of neutrinos to be accurately measured on an event-by-event basis . +1 We find a distance modulus difference of 2.41 mags at $ l $ = 5 $ ^ { \circ } $ and $ b $ = -8 $ ^ { \circ } $ and that the extension of the Sgr galaxy towards the galactic plane is inclined toward us . Assuming $ \rm R_ { GC } $ = 8 kpc , this implies the distance to these stars is $ ( m-M ) _0 $ = 16.97 $ \pm $ 0.07 mags , which corresponds to D = 24.8 $ \pm $ 0.8 kpc . +0 Although the model neglects intermittent corrections , we show that pair and tetrad dispersion results nicely compare with Direct Numerical Simulations of statistically isotropic and homogeneous $ 3D $ turbulence . It is capable to describe the Lagrangian diffusion and dispersion of temporally and spatially correlated clouds of particles . +1 and by Ta-Shma , suggest that quantum computers may have an exponential advantage in solving a wealth of linear algebraic problems , over classical algorithms . Building on the quantum intuition of these results , we step back into the classical domain , and explore its usefulness in designing classical algorithms . +0 The gamma-ray detection enabled a clear identification of the four known bound states in 12Be , and each of the states has been studied individually . The MINIBALL germanium array was used to detect gamma rays from the excited states in 12Be . +1 We compare their observed and absolute K magnitudes as well as their R-K colours with those of other distant sources detected in various optical , near-infrared , mid-infrared and submillimeter deep surveys . We find that the GRB host galaxies , most of them lying at 0.5 & lt ; z & lt ; 1.5 , exhibit very blue colours , comparable to those of the faint blue star-forming sources at high redshift . +1 We also find that , when expressed in units of the dynamical length scale of the theory , the dimensionful coupling g^2 is proportional to 1/N at large N. We confirm that these theories are indeed confining in the limit N \to \infty . We describe preliminary calculations in 3+1 dimensions which indicate that the same will be true there . +1 Recently , two-dimensional ( 2D ) periodically L and C loaded transmission-line ( TL ) networks have been applied to represent metamaterials . The commercial Agilent 's Advanced Design System ( ADS ) is a commonly-used tool to simulate the TL metamaterials . +0 There is almost no reported observation about MFR formation during the eruption . Several coronal signatures , \textit { e.g . } , filaments , coronal cavities , sigmoid structures and hot channels ( or hot blobs ) , are proposed as MFRs and observed before the eruption , which support the pre-existing MFR scenario . +0 So far this was only possible on a galaxy-by-galaxy basis using by-eye analysis of candidate photodissociation regions . This automated method will allow us to take full advantage of a host of available data on galaxies in order to calculate total hydrogen volume densities of giant molecular clouds surrounding sites of recent star formation . +0 To avoid being overproduced in the early universe , the dark matter must annihilate to leptons through the exchange of charged or neutral fermions which appear in the 27 of E_6 , providing an excellent fit to the gamma ray spectrum observed from the Galactic Center by the Fermi Gamma Ray Space Telescope . Through its sizable couplings to the Z ' , the dark matter is predicted to possess an elastic scattering cross section with neutrons which can generate the signals reported by the CoGeNT and DAMA/LIBRA collaborations . +0 We show how to decompose $ \mathscr { S } _k^+ ( \cn , \Phi ) $ into direct sums of twists of other spaces of newforms . Let $ \mathscr { S } _k^+ ( \cn , \Phi ) $ denote the space generated by Hilbert modular newforms ( over a fixed totally real field $ K $ ) of weight $ k $ , level $ \cn $ and Hecke character $ \Phi $ . +1 This mapping is exact in the classical percolation limit of the plateau transition , and diffusive behavior at the critical energy is shown to be related to the critical exponents of a class of chiral polymers at the $ \theta $ -point . The exact critical exponents of the chiral polymer model on the honeycomb lattice are found , verifying that this model is in the same universality class as a previously solved model of polymers on the Manhattan lattice . +1 We combine far-infrared photometry from Herschel ( PEP/HERMES ) with deep mid-infrared spectroscopy from Spitzer to investigate the nature and the mass assembly history of a sample of 31 Luminous and Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies at z~1 and 2 selected in GOODS-S with 24 $ \mu $ m fluxes between 0.2 and 0.5 mJy . We model the data with a self-consistent physical model ( GRASIL ) which includes a state-of-the-art treatment of dust extinction and reprocessing . +0 We show that , in a large variety of processes , the yield of weak vector bosons is much higher than at the \epm mode but unfortunately , the cross sections are dominated by the transverse modes . The need for { \em measuring } the differential luminosities is stressed . +0 Their metal-poor nature was then confirmed using the AAOmega spectrograph on the AAT . The EMBLA Survey successfully searched for these old , metal-poor stars by making use of the distinctive SkyMapper photometric filters to discover candidate metal-poor stars in the bulge . +1 We study the role of spin-orbit interactions in the coupled magnetoelectric dynamics of a ferromagnetic film coated with an electrical conductor . While the main thrust of this work is phenomenological , several popular simple models are considered microscopically in some detail , including Rashba and Dirac two-dimensional electron gases coupled to a magnetic insulator , as well as a diffusive spin Hall system . +0 Thus thermal phenomena can not distinguish whether ( i ) one is accelerating with $ a = 2\pi T $ through a bath of temperature $ T^\prime $ or ( ii ) accelerating with $ a=2\pi T^\prime $ through a bath of temperature T. This shows that thermal and quantum fluctuations in an accelerated frame affect the observer in a symmetric manner . We show by an exact calculation , that the reduced density matrix for a uniformly accelerated observer when the quantum field is in a thermal state of temperature $ T^\prime $ is symmetric between acceleration temperature $ T = a/ ( 2\pi ) $ and the thermal bath temperature $ T^\prime $ . +0 This approach relies on the connectivity of natural roads rather than that of road segments for computing routes or map directions . Natural roads are joined road segments that perceptually constitute good continuity . +0 Such particles can excite Alfven Eigenmodes ( AEs ) , which significantly degrade their confinement and threatens the vacuum vessel of future reactors . The achievement of sustained nuclear fusion in magnetically confined plasma relies on efficient confinement of high-energy ions produced by the fusion reaction . +0 It is well known that if each member in a linear chain of coupled harmonic oscillators is prepared in a `` classical state '' , such as a pure coherent state or a mixed thermal state , no entanglement is created in the rotating wave approximation . We investigate a simple arrangement of coupled harmonic oscillators which brings out some interesting effects concerning creation of entanglement . +0 We use an iterative procedure to reconstruct the intrinsic Star Formation Rate ( SFR ) density of galaxies with redshift , by applying dust obscuration corrections to the observed UV emission . ( Abridged ) We investigate the evolution of the opacity of galaxies as a function of redshift , using simple assumptions about the metal and dust enrichment of the gas and the distribution of dust in galaxies . +1 Here we find that bearings can be perceived as physical realizations of complex networks of oscillators with asymmetrically weighted couplings . Accordingly , these networks can exhibit optimal synchronization properties through fine tuning of the local interaction strength as a function of node degree [ Motter , Zhou , and Kurths , Phys.Rev . +1 The proposed strategy will allow to explore a region of the parameter space for spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering corresponding to WIMP masses below 10GeV/c $ ^\text { 2 } $ , that has not been covered by other experiments . These results can be achieved only with outstanding detector performances in terms of threshold and background . +1 An interesting feature concerns the mixing of the four isosinglet scalar mesons which yield poles in the scattering amplitude . Some realism is introduced by enforcing exact unitarity via the K-matrix method . +1 We apply a tree-based methodology to solve new , very broadly defined families of nested recursions of the general form R ( n ) =sum_ { i=1 } ^k R ( n-a_i-sum_ { j=1 } ^p R ( n-b_ { ij } ) ) , where a_i are integers , b_ { ij } are natural numbers , and k , p are natural numbers that we use to denote `` arity '' and `` order , '' respectively , and with some specified initial conditions . The key idea of the tree-based solution method is to associate such recursions with infinite labelled trees in a natural way so that the solution to the recursions solves a counting question relating to the corresponding trees . +1 Driving the optical cavity by means of the coin-field interaction time and the initial quantum coin state , we determine two types of modification of the asymptotic behavior of the QRW . In the first one the limit distribution is robustly reproduced up to a scaling , while in the second one the quantum features of the walk , exemplified by enhanced diffusion rate , are washed out and Gaussian asymptotics prevail . +0 We show that the onset of the chiral phase transition is restricted in the area where there is no Bose-Einstein condensation . Bose-Einstein condensation can happen either from the chiral symmetry broken phase or from the restored phase . +0 An interesting feature of the theory is that , although the field is obtained by canonical quantization , it is independent of Bogoliubov transformations . Here , it is formulated in a more general context . +0 Our prior leverages on the class of piecewise constant functions built upon binary partitions of the domain . In order to avoid the pitfalls of plug-in methods that estimate each sample density independently with respect to the Lebesgue measure , we make direct inference on the two distributions simultaneously from a joint prior , i.e. , the coupled binary partition prior . +0 They can be characterized ( but not uniquely ) by an horizon and an angular velocity on this horizon . Generically , these solutions are spinning black holes with scalar hairs . +1 To investigate , we use a combination of optical and near-infrared photometry to select a sample of 74 quasars from the VISTA Deep Extragalactic Observations ( VIDEO ) Survey , over 1 deg $ ^2 $ . The depth of VIDEO allows us to study very low accretion rates and/or lower-mass black holes , and 26 per cent of the candidate quasar sample has been spectroscopically confirmed . +0 We find good agreement with the experimentally observed magnetic phase diagrams of electron-doped manganites ( $ x & gt ; 0.5 $ ) such as Nd $ _ { 1-x } $ Sr $ _ { x } $ MnO $ _ { 3 } $ , Pr $ _ { 1-x } $ Sr $ _ { x } $ MnO $ _ { 3 } $ , and Sm $ _ { 1-x } $ Ca $ _ { x } $ MnO $ _ { 3 } $ . In particular we find that the G-phase is stable for low electron doping as seen in experiments . +1 The diagonal composite order breaks the SU ( 2 ) channel symmetry , and the symmetry-restoring collective mode couples with magnetic field . On the other hand , the off-diagonal or superconducting composite order breaks the gauge symmetry of conduction electrons , and the collective mode couples with charge excitations near the zone boundary . +0 Continuous dependence of the n-th eigenvalue function on the equations and on the boundary conditions is studied separately . They play an important role in the study of continuous dependence of the n-th eigenvalue function on the problems . +0 It is shown that the best fit axial mass value becomes smaller as the momentum transfer cut is more restrictive . In order to obtain a reliable value of the axial mass , bins with large contribution from small momentum transfer are eliminated from the analysis . +1 We show that quantum fluctuations trigger the dynamical instability of the Bloch states of the condensate and can lead to the generation of arrays of matter-wave gap solitons . Our approach also allows us to study the instability-induced anomalous heating of the condensate at the edge of the Brillouin zone and growth of the uncondensed atomic fraction . +1 Low-temperature specific-heat measurements on YbRh2Si2 at the second order antiferromagnetic ( AF ) phase transition reveal a sharp peak at TN=72 mK . The corresponding critical exponent alpha turns out to be alpha=0.38 , which differs significantly from that obtained within the framework of the fluctuation theory of second order phase transitions based on the scale invariance , where alpha=0.1 . +1 We examine the prospects for detecting supernova $ \nu_e $ in JUNO , RENO-50 , LENA , or other approved or proposed large liquid scintillator detectors . The main detection channels for supernova $ \nu_e $ in a liquid scintillator are its elastic scattering with electrons and its charged-current interaction with the $ ^ { 12 } $ C nucleus . +1 A new experiment at Fermilab will measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with a precision of 140 parts per billion ( ppb ) . This measurement is motivated by the results of the Brookhaven E821 experiment that were first released more than a decade ago , which reached a precision of 540 ppb . +1 The theory is formulated using a formalism of multi-vectors of magnetization dynamics , which allows one to study edge excitations in arrays having arbitrary complex primitive cells and lattice geometry . The developed formalism can describe edge excitations localized both at the physical edges of the array and at the internal `` domain walls '' separating array regions existing in different static magnetization states . +0 For the 3-SAT problem , we find two transitions as the ratio $ \alpha $ of logical clauses per Boolean variables increases . Our variational scheme accurately reproduces the known replica symmetric results and also allows for the inclusion of replica symmetry breaking effects . +1 We explore the physically motivated conditions that give rise to the observed steep disc-reflection emissivity profiles . We perform a set of simulations based on the configuration of a possible future high-resolution X-ray mission . +0 { \bf 48 } , 498 ( 1999 ) ] . This presentation includes regimes not identified in earlier work [ I. Bena and C. Van den Broeck , Europhys.Lett . +1 25 ( 2013 ) 395-407 ] , the proposed estimator is also asymptotically indistinguishable from the empirical distribution function based on the unobserved errors . A smooth simultaneous confidence band ( SCB ) is then constructed based on the proposed smooth distribution estimator and Kolmogorov distribution . +1 Replacing metals with semiconductors can alleviate these problems if only semiconductors could exhibit negative real permittivity . Aluminum doped zinc oxide ( AZO ) is a low loss semiconductor that can show negative real permittivity in the NIR . +1 However , because the number of electrons is a good quantum number for the electronic structure problem it is unnecessary to store the full Fock space of the orbitals . Representation of the wave function in a basis of Slater determinants for fixed electron number suffices . +0 5 -- 6 , 477 -- 494 ] . Furthermore , the constant in the exponent in the case of bipartite $ F $ and two colors is lowered so that $ r_2 ( F ) \le 2^ { ( 1+o ( 1 ) ) 2\sqrt { 2m } } $ improving the result of Alon , Krivelevich and Sudakov [ Combin.Probab.Comput.12 ( 2003 ) , no . +0 The large SEP events are separated into two groups , one associated with CMEs running into other CMEs , and the other with CMEs running into the ambient solar wind . The intensity variation due to CME interaction reported in [ 1 ] is confirmed by expanding the investigation to all the large SEP events of solar cycle 23 . +1 This inverse can remove heavy tails from data , and also provide analytical expressions for the cumulative distribution ( cdf ) and probability density function ( pdf ) . As a special case , these yield explicit formulas for Tukey 's h pdf and cdf - to the author 's knowledge for the first time in the literature . +1 Here we investigate the feasibility of using such a survey to detect planets in M31 . We estimate the efficiency of detecting signals for events induced by planetary systems as a function of planet/star mass ratio and separation , source type and background M31 surface brightness . +1 This reliance on directionality has important implications for control layer procedures . Initial access in particular can be significantly delayed due to the need for the base station and the user to find the proper alignment for directional transmission and reception . +1 The broad line widths of the H52 $ \alpha $ line are probably related to motions in the ionized gas rather than pressure broadening . A number of models have been proposed to explain the long lifetime of UC HII regions , including the photoevaporated disk model proposed by Hollenbach et al . ( 1994 ) . +1 Twelve different weak rates are calculated for each nucleus as a function of temperature and density . This project consists of calculation of weak rates for a total of 709 nuclei with masses ranging from A = 18 to 100 . +0 Our result includes the case in \cite { Xia } as a special case . The weight distribution of the relevant cyclic code $ \mathcal { C } $ over $ \mathbb { F } _p $ with the length $ N $ and the dimension $ { \rm dim } _ { \mathbb { F } _p } \mathcal { C } =2n $ is also derived . +0 We then go on to describe a number of additional algebraic types for the various alignment configurations . For higher dimensions , we prove that , in general , a Weyl tensor does not possess aligned directions . +1 Sources with the largest near-IR magnification factors also tend to be the most compact , consistent with the size bias predicted from simulations and pre- vious lensing models for sub-millimeter galaxies . For four new sources that also have high-resolution sub-mm maps , we test for differential lensing between the stellar and dust components and find that the 880 um magnification factor ( u_880 ) is ~1.5 times higher than the near-IR magnification factor ( u_NIR ) , on average . +1 The hadronic and partonic spatial diffusion coefficients join smoothly and show a pronounced minimum around $ T_c $ , at $ \mu_q=0 $ as well as at finite $ \mu_q $ . Close and above $ T_c $ its absolute value matches the lQCD calculations for $ \mu_q=0 $ . +0 We measured the cross-correlation amplitude between the two Lyman alpha forests for a mean transverse separation of 120 pc , and computed the RMS column density and velocity differences between individual absorption systems seen in both lines of sight . Spectra from the Keck HIRES instrument of the Lyman alpha forests in the lines of sight to the A and C components of the gravitationally lensed QSO Q1422+231 were used to investigate the structure of the intergalactic medium at mean redshift z = 3.3 on sub-kpc scales . +0 In this article we introduce Gromov 's $ \varepsilon $ -approximation topology on the above moduli space for a closed smooth manifold . This very question has been addressed by B.DeWitt and others . +1 Morphologically , 10 of these remnants have coherent , extended arc or shell structures , while the remaining objects are more irregular in form but clearly filamentary in nature , typical of optically detected SNRs . In 11 cases there was a clear if not complete match between the optical and radio structures with H filamentary structures registered inside and along the presumed radio borders . +0 A mixed-ADC architecture , where most of the antennas are equipped with low-precision ADCs while a few antennas have full-precision ADCs , can solve these issues and actualize the potential of the pure low-resolution ADC architecture . However , such a pure low-resolution ADC architecture also complicates parameter estimation problems such as time/frequency synchronization and channel estimation . +1 Explicit error bounds are given at every order of approximation . For the reader 's convenience we present explicit expressions for low-order approximations and numerical examples to illustrate their accuracy . +0 The results revolve around the use of geodesic Witten diagrams , recently introduced in arXiv:1508.00501 , evaluated in locally AdS $ _3 $ geometries generated by backreaction of heavy operators . In particular , we provide bulk constructions that correctly reproduce all semiclassical Virasoro blocks that are known explicitly from conformal field theory computations . +0 We also discuss the completeness of non-Archimedean fields and present several examples of such fields . We present a characterization of the completeness of the field of real numbers in the form of a \emph { collection of ten equivalent statements } borrowed from algebra , real analysis , general topology and non-standard analysis . +0 The conductance law is i.i.d . We consider the nearest-neighbor simple random walk on $ \Z^d $ , $ d\ge2 $ , driven by a field of bounded random conductances $ \omega_ { xy } \in [ 0,1 ] $ . +1 In the present study we show evidence of QW resonance states in Fe QW up to12 nmthick and at room temperature in fully epitaxial doubleMgAlOxbarrier magnetic tunnel junctions . The electron phase coherence displayed in this QWis of unprecedented quality because ofa homogenous interface phase shift due to the small lattice mismatch at the Fe/MgAlOx interface . +1 The normal crossings condition considered by Goward is weakened to the condition that components of the generating divisors meet as complete intersections . This leads to a substantial generalization of the notion of monomial scheme ; we call the resulting schemes `c.i.monomial ' . +0 This solves the problem of the missing ICM in clusters , which is otherwise expected to build up to easily observable quantities . UV radiation from white dwarfs can efficiently clear Galactic globular clusters ( GCs ) of their intra-cluster medium ( ICM ) . +0 Given the inevitable pilot contamination and an arbitrary path-loss for each link , we address the impact of time variation of the channel due to the relative movement between users and BS antennas , which limits system 's performance even if the number antennas is increased , as shown . We consider the uplink of non-cooperative multi-cellular systems deploying multiple antenna elements at the base stations ( BS ) , covering both the cases of conventional and very large number of antennas . +0 Batch least-squares differential correction is applied to the publicly available two-line element ( TLE ) catalog of space objects . This paper addresses collision avoidance , by describing a method that contributes to achieving a requisite increase in orbit prediction accuracy . +1 A soft excess is detected in all three Type 1 sources . We speculate that this may arise in an extended region of ionised gas , perhaps linked with the polarised ( scattered ) optical light present in these sources . +0 For these parton shower algorithms it is therefore possible to calculate the probability for a given event to be generated , providing the potential to reweight the event after the simulation . The aim is to have a parton shower algorithm for which the full analytic form of the probability distribution for all branchings is known . +0 States $ \Psi^\pm $ are entangled for all finite accelerations , whereas , due to the Unruh effect , states $ \Phi^\pm $ lose their entanglement for finite accelerations . We study the entanglement of families of Unruh modes in the Bell states $ |\Phi^\pm\rangle =1/\sqrt { 2 } ( |00\rangle\pm|11\rangle ) $ and $ |\Psi^\pm\rangle=1/\sqrt { 2 } ( |01\rangle\pm|10\rangle ) $ shared by two accelerated observers and find fundamental differences in the robustness of entanglement against acceleration for these states . +0 \emph { In vitro } experiments in collagen gels identified a cell line that formed clusters in a region of low cell density , whereas a very similar cell line ( which lacks an important mutation ) did not cluster significantly . We investigate clustering of malignant glioma cells . +1 Then we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the laws $ \mathbb { P } _x $ to converge weakly to the law of $ X^ { ( 0 ) } $ as $ x $ goes to 0 . In particular , this answers a question raised by Lamperti [ Z. Wahrsch.Verw . +0 The 4 simulated halos have masses ranging from a few times $ 10^ { 10 } $ to nearly $ 10^ { 12 } $ solar masses . These simulations include explicit treatment of metal-line cooling in addition to dust and self-shielding , $ \mathrm { H_ { 2 } } $ based star formation . +1 It operates in the energy range 2.4-27 keV by using a silicon double reflection Bragg monochromator . The fluorescence measurement is performed in place of the absorption spectroscopy when the sample transparency is too low for transmission measurements or the element to study is too diluted in the sample . +1 It is shown that all non-negative real numbers are l^2-Betti numbers , and that `` many '' ( for example all non-negative algebraic ) real numbers are l^2-Betti numbers of simply connected manifolds with respect to a free cocompact action . Also an explicit example is constructed which leads to a simply connected manifold with a transcendental l^2-Betti number with respect to an action of the threefold direct product of the lamplighter group Z/2 wr Z . +1 The search for life on planets outside our solar system will use spectroscopic identification of atmospheric biosignatures . The most robust remotely-detectable potential biosignature is considered to be the detection of oxygen ( O_2 ) or ozone ( O_3 ) simultaneous to methane ( CH_4 ) at levels indicating fluxes from the planetary surface in excess of those that could be produced abiotically . +1 It provides the right number of physical degrees of freedom and yields generalization of the Frenkel and BMT equations to the case of an arbitrary electromagnetic field . For a particle with anomalous magnetic moment , singularity in the relativistic equations generally occurs at the speed different from the speed of light . +0 Nuclear and neutron matter calculations are done using a coupled particle-particle and hole-hole ladder approximation . Our formalism includes the exact treatment of the so-called Pauli operator in a partial wave expansion of the equation of state . +1 Managing , querying , storing , and mining moving objects were the key research directions . This extensive interest in moving objects is a natural consequence of the recent ubiquitous location-aware devices , such as PDAs , mobile phones , etc. , as well as the variety of information that can be extracted from such new databases . +1 We have mapped the dispersion spectrum of the 1D wires down to the depletion of the last 1D subband by measuring the conductance \emph { G } as a function of the in-plane magnetic field \emph { B } , the interlayer bias $ V_ { \rm dc } $ and the wire gate voltage . There is a strong suppression of tunnelling at zero bias , with temperature and dc-bias dependences consistent with power laws , as expected for a Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid caused by electron-electron interactions in the wires . +1 Development of many futuristic technologies , such as MANET , VANET , iThings , nano-devices , depend on efficient distributed communication protocols in multi-hop ad hoc networks . A vast majority of research in this area focus on design heuristic protocols , and analyze their performance by simulations on networks generated randomly or obtained in practical measurements of some ( usually small-size ) wireless networks. % some library . +0 The FV fields are transformed as 1-forms on $ S^1 $ , that allows to formulate the problem in geometric terms . An open bosonic string is considered with the aim to construct a general gauge invariant , being a polynomial of Fubini-Veneziano ( FV ) fields . +0 Collapse of a fragment proceeds until the neutrons become degenerate ; a neutron star of mass ~0.1-1Msun may result . This physics sets clear physical scales for the fragmentation conditions and the properties of gravitationally bound clumps . +0 Most of the gas in this region therefore remains molecular . The gas temperature in this region is approximately 540K , and the HI abundance in the interclump gas in the PDR is 5-10 % of the available hydrogen nuclei . +0 In the past decade there have been several previous investigations of SCBs . SCBs are often observed in the intimidate vicinity of erupting flares and are associated with coronal mass ejections . +1 At the same time the existence of in-plane uniaxial anisotropy with [ 110 ] the easy axis is evidenced . This is related to the top/bottom symmetry breaking , resulting in the lowering of point symmetry of ( Ga , Mn ) As to the C_ { 2v } symmetry group . +1 The SIDM nuclear recoil spectrum is more peaked towards low energies compared to the usual case of contact interactions , because the mediator mass is comparable to the momentum transfer of nuclear recoils . We show that the SIDM signal could be distinguished from that of DM particles with contact interactions by considering the time-average energy spectrum in experiments employing different target materials , or the average and modulated spectra in a single experiment . +0 Its location allows for surveying a large part of the Galactic Plane , including the Galactic Centre . Its main scientific target is the detection of high-energy ( TeV and beyond ) neutrinos from cosmic accelerators , as predicted by hadronic interaction models , and the measurement of the diffuse neutrino flux . +1 We search for their identifications in the SIMBAD database and find 3.2 million identified sources . Based on these known sources , we establish three criteria for selecting candidate AGB stars in the Galaxy , which are three defined occupation zones in a color-color diagram , Galactic latitude |gb| & lt ; 20 deg , and `` corrected '' WISE third-band W3c & lt ; 11 . +1 Here we introduce an approach to model spherical systems , using revised periodic boundary conditions adapted to spherical symmetry . Method reduces computational costs by orders of magnitude , and is applicable for both solid and liquid membranes , provided the curvature is sufficiently small . +1 At high temperatures or densities matter formed by strongly interacting elementary particles ( hadronic matter ) is expected to undergo a transition to a new form of matter - the quark gluon plasma - in which elementary particles ( quarks and gluons ) are no longer confined inside hadrons but are free to propagate in a thermal medium much larger in extent than the typical size of a hadron . The transition to this new form of matter as well as properties of the plasma phase are studied in large scale numerical calculations based on the theory of strong interactions - Quantum Chromo Dynamics ( QCD ) . +1 The estimator is based on the idea of a conforming reconstruction of the discrete diffusive flux , that can be computed using local information only . It is offline/online decomposable and can thus be efficiently used in the context of model reduction . +1 Flavor changing neutral current $ |\Delta B|=|\Delta S|=1 $ processes are sensitive to possible new physics at the electroweak scale and beyond , providing detailed information about flavor , chirality and Lorentz structure . Recently the LHCb collaboration announced a $ 2.6 \sigma $ deviation in the measurement of $ R_K= { \cal { B } } ( \bar B \to \bar K \mu \mu ) / { \cal { B } } ( \bar B \to \bar K ee ) $ from the standard model 's prediction of lepton universality . +1 This means that tetrad components of $ R , \nabla R , \nabla^ { ( 2 ) } R $ are constant , and that essential coordinates first appear as components of $ \nabla^ { ( 3 ) } R $ . Covariant derivatives of orders 4,5,6 yield one additional invariant each , and $ \nabla^ { ( 7 ) } R $ is needed for invariant classification . +0 In this regard , the central moments , i.e.moments shifted by the local fluid velocity , of the discrete source terms of the lattice Boltzmann equation are obtained by matching those of the continuous full Boltzmann equation of various orders . We present a systematic derivation of a model based on the central moment lattice Boltzmann equation that rigorously maintains Galilean invariance of forces to simulate inertial frame independent flow fields . +1 Dynamics of the dayside magnetosphere and proton radiation belt was analyzed during unusual magnetic storm on 21 January 2005 . We have found that during the storm from 1712 to 2400 UT , the subsolar magnetopause was continuously located inside geosynchronous orbit due to strong compression . +0 First it is shown that an arbitrary copula is in the domain of attraction of a multivariate extreme value distribution if and only if its upper tail can be approximated by the upper tail of a multivariate GPD with uniform margins . We propose a multivariate extension . +1 The coarsening of catalytically-active metal clusters is often accelerated by the presence of gases through the formation of mobile intermediates , though the exact mechanism through which this happens is often subject to debate . We use scanning tunneling microscopy ( STM ) to follow the CO induced coalescence of Pd adatoms supported on the Fe3O4 ( 001 ) surface at room temperature . +0 The LAP method is applied on the surveys simultaneously , resulting in an overconstrained dynamical system that describes the cosmic overdensities and velocity flows . The datasets are PSCz , ORS , Mark III and SFI . +1 In the case of AB And , OO Aql , and U Peg a high-amplitude , nearly one-century long quasi-sinusoidal pattern was also found . It might be explained as light-time effect , or by some magnetic phenomena , although the mathematical , and consequently the physical , parameters of these fits are very problematic , as the obtained periods are very close to the length of the total data range . +1 The scattering transformation developed by Mallat is put into the perspective of field theory . It is shown to be a simultaneous transformation of the field and the `` time '' parameter explicitly used in the definition of path integrals central to the Lagrangian approach and in the definition of the `` time '' ordered products used in the Hamiltonian ( or canonical ) approach . +0 We have studied the effect of concentration and temperature on the hydrogen bonded network formed by water molecules . However , a lot remains to be learned about the effect of varying glycerol concentration and temperature on the dynamics of water . +0 Due to an asymmetric charge ordering we obtain only two different vanadium valences despite the three inequivalent sites . Based on our structural data we perform a bond-valence calculation for the vanadium sites in the low temperature state . +0 In this work , we study these wall effects on a spherical particle entrapped in a closed cylinder . The diffusive motion of a colloidal particle trapped inside a small cavity filled with fluid is reduced by hydrodynamic interactions with the confining walls . +1 From robust spectral energy distributions of these regions we conclude that the present 8.0-micron diffuse calibration of the SST is 36 % too high compared with the MSX validated calibration , perhaps due to scattered light inside the camera . This is an independent confirmation of the result derived for the diffuse calibration of IRAC by the Spitzer Science Center ( SSC ) . +0 The signal is local one , in the sense that its form differs from the signals of ionospheric/magnetospheric origin confirmed ( indirectly ) by additional magnetic field data in Italy and Central Europe . The second type of coseismic event , the transient magnetic signal starts simultaneously with the offset event and reaches amplitude of 0.8 nT in the total magnetic field . +0 Although one-to-one transformations of data sets are possible , the advantage of the wavelet transform is as an approximation scheme for the efficient calculation of thermodynamic and ensemble properties . The wavelet transform is a hierarchical technique designed to separate data sets into sets representing local averages and local differences . +1 We compare the single inclusive spectra of isolated photons measured at high transverse energy in proton-antiproton collisions at sqrt ( s ) =1.96 TeV with next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions with various parametrizations of the parton distribution functions ( PDFs ) . Within the experimental and theoretical uncertainties , the Tevatron data can be reproduced equally well by the recent CTEQ6.6 , MSTW08 and NNPDF1.2 PDF sets . +0 On the example of the Ising model in three dimensions , we show that the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity can be unambiguously implemented at order $ \partial^2 $ of the derivative expansion . We study the optimization of nonperturbative renormalization group equations truncated both in fields and derivatives . +0 The new version avoids the use of empirical mixing parameters , and is expected to be more robust than the original version . We describe a reformulation of Pulay 's RMM which guarantees reduction of the residual at each step . +1 In addition , vacancies are reactive and permit the incorporation of dopants . This paper discusses the electronic properties of defective graphene for O and B decoration . +1 Timmes , Brown & amp ; Truran found that metallicity variations could theoretically account for a 25 % variation in the mass of 56Ni synthesized in Type Ia supernovae ( SNe Ia ) , and thus account for a large fraction of the scatter in observed SN Ia luminosities . Higher-metallicity progenitors are more neutron-rich , producing more stable burning products relative to radioactive 56Ni . +1 The conductance quantized as 2 ( n+1 ) G_ for the zigzag edges and nG_0 for the armchair edges with G_ { 0 } =2e^2/h being the conductance unit and $ n $ an integer . Special attention is paid to the effects of edge disorder . +1 This paper describes an implementation of several corrections to dE/dx in order to take into account the deviations from the Bethe theory at low and high energies as well as the effect of a finite nuclear size at ultra-relativistic energies . Special attention is paid to the transition energy region where the onset of the effect of a finite nuclear size is observed . +0 However , we found that the anomaly observed at zero bias and the magnetoresistance behavior at very small voltages , point to the contribution of inelastic magnon-assisted tunneling . A substantial fraction of the resistance drop with voltage can be ascribed to variations of the density of states and the barrier transmission with the bias . +1 First , we argue that such instabilities must drastically modify the `` bottom-up '' thermalization scenario for heavy-ion collisions . Second , we discuss conditions for the existence of instabilities in a more general context than previously treated in the QCD literature . +1 They proved that all isometries of V over a field F of characteristic not 2 have determinant 1 if and only if V has no orthogonal summands of odd dimension ( the case of characteristic 2 was also considered ) . Their proof is based on Riehm 's classification of bilinear forms . +0 We present numerical estimates of the quark and antiquark distributions and find reasonable agreement with parametrizations of the data at a low normalization point . The consistency of our approach is demonstrated by checking the baryon number , isospin and total momentum sum rules , as well as the Bjorken sum rule . +0 These kHz QPO , now reported from eleven different systems , are among the fastest phenomena in the sky and can provide us with new information about the fundamental properties of neutron stars and help testing general relativity in the strong-field regime . It turned out that accreting low magnetic-field neutron stars show quasi-periodic oscillations in their X-ray flux at rates of up to more than a kilohertz . +1 We discuss the feasibility of detecting the cross-correlation between HI and CO molecular gas since such a cross-correlation has the advantage that it will be independent of systematics and most foregrounds in each of the 21-cm and CO $ ( 1-0 ) $ line experiments . Additional instruments tuned to higher-order transitions of the CO molecule or an instrument operating with high spectral resolution at mm-wavelengths targeting 158 $ \mu $ m CII could further improve the reionization studies with molecular gas . +1 A prior to posterior analysis of beta-gamma processes is given that not only leads to an easy derivation of the Markov-Krein identity , but additionally yields new distributional identities for gamma and beta-gamma processes . These results give new explanations and intepretations of exisiting results in the literature . +1 The molecular gas and the instantaneous SF tracers indicate that the current sites of star formation are located in a hypercompact disk within 200 pc of the nucleus ( Fig . 1 ; SF rate ~ 2 Msuns/yr ) . +1 Specifically , we find that the longitudinal stretching mode and the radial breathing mode are coupled via the strong deformation potential , while twist modes couple more weakly via a mechanism involving modulation of the electronic hopping amplitudes between carbon sites . A special case are bending modes : for symmetry reasons , their coupling is only quadratic in the vibron coordinate . +1 The latter are willing to reward cooperative actions at a personal cost , thus effectively downgrading pure cooperators to second-order free-riders due to their unwillingness to bear these additional costs . Consequently , we find that defection remains viable , especially if the rewarding is costly . +1 D Souza , arxiv:0907.0894 ) . The case of network of n networks with both interdependent and interconnected links is more complicated , and also more closely to real-life coupled network systems . +1 Although scale-invariant non-Gaussianity ( often described by the $ f_ { NL } $ formalism ) is currently best constrained by the CMB , single-field models with changing sound speed can have strongly scale-dependent non-Gaussianity . Such models could evade the CMB constraints but still have important effects at scales responsible for the formation of cosmological objects such as clusters and galaxies . +1 The corresponding upper limits to the time-average rates of the constant variations are |d\alpha/ ( \alpha dt ) | & lt ; 1.6\times 10^ { -14 } yr^ { -1 } and |d\mu/ ( \mu dt ) | & lt ; 2.2\times10^ { -14 } yr^ { -1 } . These limits serve as criteria for selection of those theoretical models which predict \alpha and \mu variation with the cosmological time . +1 Topological superconductivity could be realized in a type II , band-inverted , InAs/GaSb quantum well if it is in proximity to a conventional superconductor . Here we report observations of the proximity effect induced giant supercurrent states in an InAs/GaSb bilayer system that is sandwiched between two superconducting tantalum electrodes to form a superconductor-InAs/GaSb-superconductor junction . +1 We present the results of high-resolution optical spectroscopy , low-resolution near-IR spectroscopy and near-infrared speckle interferometry of the massive young stellar object candidate V645 Cyg , acquired to refine its fundamental parameters and the properties of its circumstellar envelope . Speckle interferometry in the $ H $ - and $ K $ -bands and an optical spectrum in the range 5200 -- 6680 \AA with a spectral resolving power of $ R $ = 60 000 were obtained at the 6-m telescope of the Russian Academy of Sciences . +1 The inclusion of nonvalence degrees of freedom in the analysis of baryon magnetic moments explains extremely strong violation of the standard SU ( 6 ) symmetry-based quark-model prediction for the magnetic moment ratio $ R_ { \Sigma /\Lambda } = ( \Sigma^ { + } + 2\Sigma^ { - } ) / ( -\Lambda ) \simeq .23 $ , while the value $ R_ { \Sigma /\Lambda } ( SU ( 6 ) ) = 1 $ corresponds to the nonrelativistic quark model . We also obtain $ F/D=.72 $ for the quark-current-baryon coupling $ SU ( 3 ) _ { f } $ ratio . +0 Recently there has been a proposal for how to construct an entropy current from the equilibrium partition function of the fluid system . In hydrodynamics the existence of an entropy current with non-negative divergence is related to the existence of a time-independent solution in a static background . +0 Analytic solutions of the Lorentz equation in the classical case and of the Schr\ '' odinger or Dirac equations in the quantum case are exhibited that give precise criteria for the localization of the orbits . This effect manifests itself in classical theory as a trapping of trajectories and in quantum theory as a Gaussian shape of the localized wave functions . +0 This phase preserves the translational symmetry of the lattice while breaking time-reversal invariance and the four-fold rotational symmetry . The model has a continuous transition as a function of hole-density x and temperature T to a phase in which a current circulates in each unit cell . +1 In combination with previously demonstrated single-qubit gates , CPHASE allows for arbitrary quantum computations . The coupling of the NV spin to the cavity mode is based upon Raman transitions via the NV excited states and can be controlled with the laser intensities and relative phase . +0 We find that an additional coherent field is generated within the medium via four-wave mixing . We analyze the spatiotemporal dynamics of our system with a full simulation of the field propagation in a regime that leads to strong absorption of the control fields . +1 These two methods differ in the order in which optimization and passage to the limit are performed . When optimizing first , the asymptotic problem is usually referred to as a mean-field game . +0 In two star forming regions ( SQ A and B ) , situated in very different environments , we detected unusually large amounts of molecular gas ( $ 3.1 \times 10^9 $ \msun and $ 7 \times 10^8 $ \msun , respectively ) , covering an extended area ( between 15 and 25 kpc ) . In order to study the extent , origin and fate of the intergalactic molecular gas and its relation to the formation of stars outside galaxies and Tidal Dwarf Galaxies ( TDGs ) , we mapped with the IRAM 30m antenna carbon monoxide ( CO ) towards several regions of the IGM in SQ . +1 We find that KLT factorization relations do not hold in these two cases . The relations between closed and open string amplitudes have new forms . +0 We show that the problem of molecular production , in a single-mode approximation , is reduced to the linear Landau-Zener problem for operators . We introduce the Global Spin Model to study the static and dynamic properties of the ultracold fermionic gas near the broad Feshbach resonance . +0 An ever-growing number of cooling neutron stars , now amounting to 13 thermal sources , and several additional objects from which upper limits to temperatures can be ascertained , can now be used to discriminate among theoretical scenarios and even to dramatically restrict properties of nucleon pairing at high densities . Since superfluids and superconductors in neutron stars profoundly affect neutrino emissivities and specific heats , their presence can be observed in the thermal evolution of neutron stars . +0 We introduce auxiliary , approximating and Scott-continuous distributors , the way-below distributor , and continuity of V- and ( U , V ) -categories . Our work is a fundamental study of the notion of approximation in V-categories and in ( U , V ) -categories , for a quantale V and the ultrafilter monad U . +0 Juno carries an ultraviolet Spectrograph ( UVS ) and an infrared spectral mapper ( JIRAM ) that will obtain high-resolution spectral images providing the auroral counterpart to Juno 's in situ particles and fields measurements with the plasma JADE and JEDI particle detectors . The HST UV instruments ( STIS and ACS ) can greatly contribute to the success of the Juno mission by providing key complementary views of Jupiter 's UV aurora from Earth orbit . +0 Furthermore , the techniques also can be used to establish linear convergence for related methods such as the iterative thresholding algorithm for joint sparsity and the accelerated gradient projection method . Moreover it is shown that the constants can be calculated explicitly in special cases ( i.e.for compact operators ) . +0 We report the discovery of 47 new candidate companions of Sco OB2 members . In this article we present the first results of our adaptive optics survey of 200 ( mainly ) A-type stars in the nearby OB association Sco OB2 . +0 We have implemented orbital integrators based on drift-kick , bend-kick , and matrix-kick splits . In this paper , we present a detailed discussion of the integrators in the spin tracking code gpuSpinTrack . +1 Monte Carlo techniques provide superior accuracy , however , they often require large computation resources , which render them impractical for routine clinical use . Track-repeating algorithms , for example the Fast Dose Calculator , have shown promise for achieving the accuracy of Monte Carlo simulations for proton radiotherapy dose calculations in a fraction of the computation time . +0 We also discuss the effect of over- and under-sampling . Using coherent-state techniques , we prove a sampling theorem for Majorana 's ( holomorphic ) functions on the Riemann sphere and we provide an exact reconstruction formula as a convolution product of $ N $ samples and a given reconstruction kernel ( a sinc-type function ) . +1 We investigate the shielding performance of the experiment by means of a geometric diffraction model in order to predict the level of the spillover and diffraction sidelobes in the direction of the ground . Using 408 MHz and 1465 MHz feed measurements , the model shows how a weakly-diffracting and unshielded antenna configuration becomes strongly-diffracting and double-shielded as far-field diffraction effects give way to near-field ones . +0 We show that at a deeper level it can be algebraically formalized defining the different statistics as ( multi-mode ) coherent states of the appropriate ( but different from the usual ones ) Lie-Hopf groups . Usual quantum statistics is written in Fock space but it is not an algebraic theory . +1 However it is not reasonable to think that individual sentiment categorization can encompass the new affective phenomena in digital social networks . The present papers addresses the problem of isolating sentiment concepts which emerge in social networks . +0 Based on theoretical arguments and simulation results it has previously been suggested that a large core radius -- or particularly a large ratio of the core radius to half-mass radius -- is a promising indicator for finding such a black hole in a star cluster . There is currently much interest in the possible presence of intermediate-mass black holes in the cores of globular clusters . +1 To this end , we study the clumps and cores appearing in the region of central collapse in a numerical simulation of the formation , evolution , and subsequent collapse of a dense cloud out of a transonic compression in the diffuse atomic ISM . The clumps have sizes $ \sim 1 $ pc , masses of several hundred $ M_\odot $ , and three-dimensional velocity dispersions $ \sim 3 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ , in agreement with typical observed values for such structures . +0 The tail can be modeled as a soft power law component , with the photon index of ~2.4 , on top of thermal Comptonization emission from a plasma with the electron temperature of kT_e~6 keV and optical depth of \tau~4 . This places the source in the category of X-ray bursters showing high-energy emission . +0 This consistency with the linear threshold ABM also provides further justification a posteriori for the compartmental model of [ 1 ] . We relate the ABM and the hierarchy of models to a population-level compartmental ODE model that we proposed previously for the spread of political revolutions [ 1 ] , which is shown to be mathematically consistent with the proposed ABM and provides a way to analyze the global behaviour of the ABM . +1 The agents are initially randomly distributed according to a certain proportion $ \rho_c ( 0 ) $ of cooperators . Each agent does not have memory of previous behaviors and plays the PD with eight nearest neighbors and then copies the behavior of who had the greatest payoff for next generation . +1 We compare results obtained with three different families of Skyrme parameterizations whose tensor terms have been adjusted on properties of spherical nuclei : ( i ) TIJ interactions proposed in the first paper of this series [ T. Lesinski et al. , Phys.Rev . C 76 , 014312 ( 2007 ) ] which were constructed through a complete readjustment of the rest of the functional ( ii ) parameterizations whose tensor terms have been added perturbatively to existing Skyrme interactions , with or without readjusting the spin-orbit coupling constant . +0 We show that a key property which sets the fate of bubbles in the ISM is the gas surface density , through the work done by the expansion of bubbles and its role in setting the gas scaleheight . The bubbles are followed until the point of break-out into the halo , starting from an initial adiabatic phase to a radiative phase . +1 This technique transiently perturbs the profiles , driving the density profile hollow and flattening the edge temperature profile . After the pellet perturbation , the density and temperature profiles relax towards their quasi-steady-state shape . +1 A global analysis of a large set of hadronic scattering data provides empirical constraints on the allowed range of the gluino mass as a function of the value of the strong coupling strength alpha_s ( M_Z ) . We find that the gluino mass m_ { \widetilde { g } } & gt ; 12 GeV for the standard model world-average value alpha_ { s } ( M_ { Z } ) =0.118 . +0 We perform a set of simulations based on the configuration of a possible future high-resolution X-ray mission . We explore the physically motivated conditions that give rise to the observed steep disc-reflection emissivity profiles . +1 Spectroscopy in the X-ray band , with both ROSAT and ASCA , reveal absorption by the warm absorber but little or no neutral absorption expected to accompany the dust responsible for the optical reddening . The dusty warm absorber solution to this discrepancy is discussed and photoionization models of such warm absorbers are constructed . +0 We find the efficiency of gravitational heating in cold streams in a ~10^11 solar mass halo is around 10-20 % throughout most of the halo but reaching much higher values close to the center . For the first time , we self-consistently model self-shielding in the cold streams from the cosmological UV background , which enables us to predict their temperatures , ionization states and Lya luminosities with improved accuracy . +1 In the sense of random walks with a single trap , mean trapping time ( MTT ) and mean diffusing time ( MDT ) are good measures of trapping efficiency and diffusion efficiency respectively . They both vary with the location of the node . +1 Although the gradient descent method is a natural choice for this task , it requires exact gradient computations and hence can be inefficient when the problem size is large or the gradient is difficult to evaluate . Therefore , there has been much interest in inexact gradient methods ( IGMs ) , in which an efficiently computable approximate gradient is used to perform the update in each iteration . +0 We employ weak turbulence theory to provide a complete thermodynamic description of the classical condensation process . Using the coupled defocusing nonlinear Schr\ '' odinger ( NLS ) equations as a representative model , we focus on condensation in the phase mixing regime . +1 The linear mixed model for the analysis of longitudinal data is particularly well-suited for the estimation of , inference about , and interpretation of both population and subject-specific trajectories for ABPM data . Subject-specific trajectories are of great importance in ABPM studies , especially in clinical research , but little emphasis has been placed on this dimension of the problem in the statistical analyses of the data . +0 These include , for example , the fact that for linear systems global asymptotic stability of the undelayed system implies global asymptotic stability for the delayed system under arbitrary bounded delays . It is known that under the property of quasimonotonicity time-delayed systems become monotone , and some remarkable properties have been reported for such systems . +1 We then analyze the class of locally analytic representations with the property that their associated modules are annihilated by an ideal of finite codimension in the universal enveloping algebra of G , showing under some hypotheses on G that they are sums of representations of the form $ X\otimes Y $ , with X finite dimensional and Y smooth . The irreducible representations of this type are obtained when X and Y are irreducible . +0 A catalogue of structural parameters , photometry and comments based on visual inspection of the clusters is compiled and used to investigate correlations between cluster structure , environment , age and mass . All of the galaxies have previously been imaged from the ground in UBVI . +0 The kinematic features of the CO emission can be modeled by wind-driven outflows at $ \sim $ 20 $ \arcdeg $ inclined from the plane of the sky . The CO Stokes $ I $ maps at an angular resolution of $ \sim $ 1 $ \arcsec $ reveal two bipolar outflows from the binary sources of the NGC 1333 IRAS 4A . +1 Consequently , experimental evidence for anomalous long-ranged like-charged attractions induced by geometric confinement inspired a burst of activity . This has largely subsided because of nagging doubts regarding the experiments ' reliability and interpretation . +0 Using the same selection criteria as for the SDF , and after excluding AGNs , we obtain 317 Halpha emitting star-forming galaxies . We also analyze a sample of Halpha emitters taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) to constrain the luminous end of Halpha luminosity function . +1 A permutiple is the product of a digit preserving multiplication , that is , a number which is an integer multiple of some permutation of its digits . Certain permutiple problems , particularly transposable , cyclic , and , more recently , palintiple numbers , have been well-studied . +0 The simulated samples are compared with 18 observed LGRB hosts in the aim at discriminating whether the metallicity is a primary parameter . We select host galaxies housing pockets of gas-particles , young and with different thresholds in metallicities , that can be sites of LRGB events , according to the collapsar model . +1 Specifically , The eigenvectors are extended even in two dimensions . Moreover , the correlation exponent does not diverge in the transition from localized to delocalized states . +1 In hydrodynamics the existence of an entropy current with non-negative divergence is related to the existence of a time-independent solution in a static background . Recently there has been a proposal for how to construct an entropy current from the equilibrium partition function of the fluid system . +0 We develop the formalism to consider the effects of fluctuations with a realistic screened Coulomb potential . However , to date all analyses of fluctuation corrections neglect the finite ranged nature of the Coulomb interaction . +0 The morphology -- density relation is well established at $ z\sim1 $ , with star-forming spirals and irregulars residing mostly in the outer parts of the clusters and E/S0s concentrated in dense clumps . Analysis of the CMDs suggest that the cluster ellipticals formed their stars several Gyr earlier , near redshift 3 . +0 Entrainment of the neutron superfluid with the crustal lattice leads to a requirement of superfluid moment of inertia associated with vortex creep in excess of the available crustal moment of inertia . This region will be a site of vortex pinning and creep . +1 They directly generalize the GL ( 2 ) -structures that arise in the case of Hessian hyperbolic equations in three variables as well as several related geometries that appear in the literature on hydrodynamic integrability . Part I primarily discusses the motivation , the definition , and the solution to the equivalence problem , and Part II will discuss integrability in detail . +0 It is shown that these formulas are equivalent to those in terms of Euler operators obtained from the variational complex . Using standard calculus , explicit formulas for the one-dimensional continuous and discrete homotopy operators are derived . +1 Therefore , we have concentrated on ionization balances of metals , which have a rich line spectrum in the UV , to establish a new temperature scale for our sample . Furthermore , we have determined abundances of light metals , which had been poorly known before . +0 A universal relation is obtained between the renormalized parameters , independent of n , in the Kondo regime . We extend the renormalized perturbation theory for the single impurity Anderson model to the n-channel model with a Hund 's rule coupling , and show that the exact results for the spin , orbital and charge susceptibilities , as well as the leading low temperature dependence for the resistivity , are obtained by working to second order in the renormalized couplings . +0 113 , 155006 ( 2014 ) ] , for the calculation of ionic and electronic transport properties of dense plasmas . We validate the application of our recent orbital-free density functional theory ( DFT ) approach , [ Phys.Rev.Lett . +1 We present high quality long slit spectra along the major and minor axes out to 1.5 effective radius ( $ R_e $ ) of the massive galaxy NGC4636 taken by Hobby-Eberly Telescope ( HET ) . Using Fourier Correlation Quotient ( FCQ ) method , we measured the stellar line-of-sight velocity distribution along the axes . +0 It is shown that the magnetic screening mass is non-zero at the one loop level whenever the initial gluon distribution function is non isotropic with the assumption that the distribution function of the gluon is not divergent at zero transverse momentum . The infrared behaviour of the medium modified gluon propagator in non-equilibrium situations is studied in the covariant gauge using the Schwinger-Keldysh closed-time path formalism . +1 ( Abridged ) We investigate the evolution of the opacity of galaxies as a function of redshift , using simple assumptions about the metal and dust enrichment of the gas and the distribution of dust in galaxies . We use an iterative procedure to reconstruct the intrinsic Star Formation Rate ( SFR ) density of galaxies with redshift , by applying dust obscuration corrections to the observed UV emission . +0 As an application of general results a special model is considered in which the geometry inside the brane is a slice of the Minkowski spacetime orbifolded along the direction perpendicular to the brane . In the limit of strong gravitational fields the brane induced parts are exponentially suppressed for points not too close to the brane boundary . +0 b ) That the parallel representation to the representation described in ( a ) above holds true , this time with respect to the left composition operators $ L_ { G_j } $ . We would like to prove something like the following : a ) That there exists an infinite index set $ I $ , and a family of mappings indexed by $ I $ , $ \ { F_i\ , |\ , i\in I\ } \subset { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) $ such that $ $ { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) = { \rm Aut } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) \cup\bigcup_ { i\in I } R_ { F_i } ( { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) ) , $ $ where if $ i\ne j $ then $ R_ { F_i } ( { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) ) \cap R_ { F_j } ( { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) ) =\emptyset $ . +0 We explain how this result provides further evidence for the ER=EPR conjecture as an equivalence between two descriptions of the same physical phenomenon . As a by-product of this investigation , we study the causal structure of the string dual to the nucleated pair as seen by different static observers and we show that it can be interpreted as a dynamical creation of a `gluonic ' wormhole . +1 The spectroscopic time series for SN 2012ca is essentially unchanged over 1.5 years , and appear to be dominated at all epochs by signatures of interaction with a dense circumstellar medium rather than the underlying supernova ( SN ) . At late phases , we see a near infrared excess in flux which is possibly associated with dust formation , although without any signs of accompanying line shifts . +0 The model may be applied to spins traveling in a varying magnetic field , or to photons passing through a fiber whose birefringence fluctuates over the time separation between photons . The variation of rotations acting on consecutive qubits is modeled as diffusion on the SU ( 2 ) group . +1 The Phase I data set is based on a 0.65 kt-year exposure of heavy water to the solar $ ^8 $ B neutrino flux . Included here are details of the SNO physics and detector model , evaluations of systematic uncertainties , and estimates of backgrounds . +1 In this paper we consider stochastic optimization problems for an ambiguity averse decision maker who is uncertain about the parameters of the underlying process . In a first part we consider problems of optimal stopping under drift ambiguity for one-dimensional diffusion processes . +1 The dust opacities are calculated through Mie theory from the given size distribution and optical properties of the dust grains . The main focus of the code is to obtain insights on ( 1 ) the global energetics of dust grains in the shell ( 2 ) the 2-D projected morphologies that are strongly dependent on the mixed effects of the axisymmetric dust distribution and inclination angle of the shell . +1 The velocity field is the superposition of a systematic component and a `` noise '' component accounting for the effects of small scale substructure and observational errors . This procedure results in models which resemble the observations ( redshifts and angular separations of galaxies surrounding clusters ) quite well . +0 With the majority of the X-ray sources attributed to AGNs of low-to-moderate levels ( L/L_Edd & gt ; ~10^-4 ) , we discuss the detection rate in the context of the occupation of AGNs to halos of this mass scale and redshift , and compare the structural/morphological properties between AGN-active and non-active galaxies of different rank and location within the group halos . X-ray point-source detections are reported for 22 of 177 observed galaxies , down to a limit of f_ ( 0.5-8 keV ) ~ 5x10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1 , corresponding to a limiting luminosity of L_ ( 0.5-8 keV ) ~3x10^40 erg s^-1 . +0 The chiral-nonchiral transition disappears when the magnetic field orientation is tilted within 1 degree from the ab plane . Even for exactly parallel fields to the ab plane , transverse fields exist in the chiral state . +1 The main aim of this paper is , however , to generalise this corrected result to derive formulae of Hopf type for the n-fold Cech derived functors of the lower central series functors Z_k . The paper ends with an application to algebraic K-theory . +1 Therefore , alternative soft decisions are needed at the pre-processing level . This paper proposes a hybrid text recognizer using a deep recurrent neural network with multiple layers of abstraction and long range context along with a language model to verify the performance of the deep neural network . +1 Here we demonstrate that exchange interactions alone can achieve high-order decoupling against general noise in the 3-qubit DFS . We present decoupling sequences for a 3-qubit DFS coupled to classical and quantum baths and evaluate the performance of the sequences through numerical simulations . +1 The analysis is classically performed in a Hilbert space $ H $ . We generalize this method to functionals $ j $ which are differentiable in a Banach space . +0 It is found that the temperature dependences of the characteristic times of occupying the octahedral and tetrahedral interstices are nonmonotonic . The characteristic times of sorption and desorption coincide . +1 Several construction methods for rational approximations to functions of one real variable are described in the present paper ; the computational results that characterize the comparative accuracy of these methods are presented ; an effect of error autocorrection is considered . This effect occurs in efficient methods of rational approximation ( e.g. , Pade approximations , linear and nonlinear Pade-Chebyshev approximations ) where very significant errors in the coefficients do not affect the accuracy of the approximation . +1 The variation of the expansion rate of the Universe with time produces an evolution in the cosmological redshift of distant sources ( for example quasar Lyman- $ \alpha $ absorption lines ) , that might be directly observed by future ultra stable , high-resolution spectrographs ( such as CODEX ) coupled to extremely large telescopes ( such as European Southern Observatory 's Extremely Large Telescope , ELT ) . This would open a new window to explore the physical mechanism responsible for the current acceleration of the Universe . +1 The star has an ionised wind and using the Br gamma hydrogen recombination emission we assess the mass-loss on spatial scales of order 1 au . We present new VLT Interferometer AMBER data which are combined with all other AMBER data in the literature . +1 In this letter , we establish physical limits on how closely can a quantum mechanical system be steered to a desired target state in the presence of relaxation . In particular , we explicitly compute the maximum coherence or polarization that can be transferred between coupled nuclear spins in the presence of very general decoherence mechanisms that include cross-correlated relaxation . +0 There were two dominant absorption peaks at approximately 586 nm ( green ) and 634 nm ( red ) . Absorption spectra were taken under different rotational angles after 24 h after irradiation and we fitted the spectra using Lorentzian functions . +1 These singularities appear as a result of iterating deformations of the strict transforms of the branch at certain infinitely near points of the toric embedded resolution of singularities of $ ( C,0 ) $ . We characterize the $ M $ -smoothings obtained by this method by the local data . +1 For fixed $ \nu\in M^1 ( [ 0 , \infty [ ) $ and each dimension p , we consider i.i.d . $ R^p $ -valued random variables $ X_1^p , X_2^p , ... $ with radial laws corresponding to $ \nu $ as above . +1 This alters the behaviour of the model considerably . We determine the phase diagram of this model by means of transfer matrix calculations and Monte Carlo simulations . +0 Since the seismic hazard is significant in this area , the depth of the basin and the strong impedance ratio raise the need for an accurate estimation of seismic motion amplification . This sedimentary basin is 3000m wide and 350m deep . +1 All such bases are explicitly described . The holonomicity of the normal bases is considered . +0 We apply a symmetry-based method in two steps . The optical spectra of CdSe nanocrystals up to 55 A in diameter are analyzed in a wide range of energies from the fine structure of the low-energy excitations to the so-called high-energy transitions . +1 The first phase of the heuristic solves a simplified constraint programming model of the problem , the second performs a local search , and the third handles overproduction in a greedy fashion . This work was initiated in the context of the ROADEF/EURO Challenge 2010 , a competition organized jointly by the French Operational Research and Decision Support Society , the European Operational Research Society , and the European utility company Electricite de France . +1 We consider the low energy limit of a stack of N M-branes at finite temperature . In this limit , the M-branes are well described , via the AdS/CFT correspondence , in terms of classical solutions to the eleven dimensional supergravity equations of motion . +1 We find 15 candidate z~3 objects ( F300W dropouts ) , 1 candidate z~4 object ( F450W dropout ) and 16 candidate z $ \sim $ 5 objects ( F606W dropouts ) in the ~ 4.7 arcmin^2 WFPC-2 field , 4 candidate z~6 ( optical dropouts ) and 1 candidate z~8 ( F110W dropout ) in the 0.84 arcmin^2 NICMOS-3 field . No F160W dropouts are found ( z~12 ) . +1 A complete optical multi-color afterglow light curve of XRF020903 obtained from archived data and photometric results in literature showed an achromatic brightening around 0.7 days . An off-axis jet model with a large observing angle ( 0.21 rad , which is twice the jet opening half-angle , $ \theta_ { jet } $ ) can naturally describe the achromatic brightening and the prompt X-ray spectral properties . +1 The significant number of red giant branch ( RGB ) stars present in the outer part of our images ( r & gt ; 16.5 ' ) indicates that the galaxy is actually more extended than previously estimated . A comparison of the color-magnitude diagrams ( CMDs ) as a function of galactocentric distance shows a clear gradient in the age of its population , the scale length increasing with age , while we find no evidence of a metallicity gradient from the width of the RGB . +0 To describe kinetics in this situatrion one can use a method proposed here . It is important because already existed objects of a new phase comsume vapor in non-linear manner and form an effective non-linear behavior of external conditions . +0 Our proofs use old techniques developed in [ 16 ] , while appealing to new results in [ 7 ] . This work is distinct to previous work in the literature since , for state constrained problems , we add the Weierstrass conditions to adjoint inclusions using the joint subdifferentials with respect to the state and the control . +0 We therefore propose a two-step Molecular Dynamics-Hydrodynamic scheme . To have a better understanding of ion and electron data from experiments derived from laser-irradiated clusters , one needs to simulate cluster dynamics on such long timescales for which the molecular dynamics approach becomes inefficient . +1 We treat the D-brane and open string contribution separately and find the corresponding D3-brane and string configurations in bulk which connect the composite operators at the AdS $ _5 $ boundary . We apply a new prescription to treat the string state contribution and find agreements for the two-point functions . +1 For these low concentrations , the impurity thus directly influences transport , either as homogeneously distributed defects or by concentration at the otherwise-unchanged grain boundaries . For larger impurity concentrations , the continuing strong decrease in mobility is correlated with decreasing grain size , indicating an impurity-induced increase in the nucleation of grains during early stages of film growth . +0 A traditional alternative is to use one-point cumulants of various orders , which collapse the information present in a multispectrum to one number . However , the recovery of higher-order multispectra is difficult from realistic data due to their complex response to inhomogeneous noise and partial sky coverage , which are often difficult to model analytically . +0 While this was arguably the original motivation for case-based planning , most existing case-based planners assume ( and depend on ) from-scratch planners that work on complete domain models . In this paper , we consider a novel solution for this challenge that combines generative planning on incomplete domain models with a library of plan cases that are known to be correct . +1 The second is the class of universal covering maps from the plane to the sphere with two removed points modeled on transcendental meromorphic maps with two asymptotic values . The problem we address is to give a combinatorial characterization of the holomorphic maps contained in these classes whose post-singular sets are finite . +0 We discuss the data in the context of the chromospheric evaporation scenario . They give direct X-ray evidence for density variations , implying densities between 2x10^ { 10 } - 4x10^ { 11 } cm^ { -3 } and providing estimates of the mass and the volume of the line-emitting plasma . +0 The best fit Bianchi model corresponds to x=0.55 , Omega_0=0.5 , a rotation axis in the direction ( l , b ) = ( 222degr , -62degr ) , shear ( sigma/H ) _0=2.4e-10 and a right -- handed vorticity ( omega/H ) _0=6.1e-10 . Remarkably , we find evidence of a correlation which is ruled out as a chance alignment at the 3sigma level . +1 These formation energies show the pyrochlore structure to be favored over the fluorite structure , apparently contradicting the conclusions based on experimental neutron and X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) . By calculating and comparing XRD spectra for a set of differently ordered and random structures , we show that the pyrochlore structure is consistent with diffraction experiments . +1 HFI observes the sky over a broad range of frequencies , from 100 to 857 GHz . To get the best accuracy on the calibration on such a large range , two different photometric calibration schemes have to be used . +1 The main message of these papers is that , given a family of predictors , we are able to build a new predictor that predicts the series as well as the best predictor in the family , up to a remainder of order $ 1/\sqrt { n } $ . It is known that this rate can not be improved in general . +1 In this paper , we present an early transitional semantics of the $ \pi_N $ -calculus , which is not a directly translated version of the late semantics of $ \pi_N $ , and then extend six kinds of behavioral equivalences consisting of reduction bisimilarity , barbed bisimilarity , barbed equivalence , barbed congruence , bisimilarity , and full bisimilarity into the $ \pi_N $ -calculus . Such behavioral equivalences are cast in a hierarchy , which is helpful to verify behavioral equivalence of two agents . +1 The Fokker-Planck equation has a Gaussian solution with a mean and variance governed by two initial-value differential equations involving the rates of the attachment of ions and electrons to the dust grain . Grain charging in a plasma containing electrons , protons and alpha particles with Maxwellian distributions is considered as an example problem . +1 We present results from an infrared study of 87 nearby Seyfert galaxies using the Spitzer Space Telescope and ground-based telescopes . Combining detailed modelling of the 3 - 100 micron spectral energy distributions with mid-IR spectral diagnostics and near-infrared observations , we find broad support for the unified model of AGNs . +0 In particular , no signs of scaling violations could be found in either quantity , at least to well below the numerical accuracy where these violations were visible for the gluon propagator . We find that both the ghost propagator and the Coulomb potential are insensitive to the Gribov problem or the details of the residual gauge fixing , even if the Coulomb potential is evaluated from the A0 -- propagator instead of the Coulomb kernel . +1 At a radius of 50 kpc , we find that at least 55 per cent of the clusters in our sample exhibit signs of mild cooling [ t ( cool ) & lt ; 10 Gyr ] , while in the central bin at least 34 per cent demonstrate signs of strong cooling [ t ( cool ) & lt ; 2 Gyr ] . These percentages are nearly identical to those found for luminous , low-redshift clusters of galaxies , suggesting little evolution in cluster cores since z~0.4 and that heating and cooling mechanisms may already have stabilised by this epoch . +0 The required interface conditions are weakly imposed by the dG terms associated with the boundary of the sub-domains . We will present discontinuous Galerkin ( dG ) methods that allow for discontinuities across the subdomain ( patch ) boundaries . +1 We present a procedure for calculating an upper limit on the number of signal events which incorporates the Poisson uncertainty in the background , estimated from control regions of one or two dimensions . For small number of signal events , the upper limit obtained is more stringent than that extracted without including the Poisson uncertainty . +0 Using proper normalization as an alternative to the usual renormalization scheme one obtains amplitudes with the same momentum dependence as the conventional Feynman-propagators multiplied with the form factors of the Bonn-B OBEP . A propability amplitude for the propagation of these solutions is calculated which can be applied in a One-Boson-Exchange Potential ( OBEP ) . +1 We present theory and experiments on the dynamics of reaction fronts in two-dimensional , vortex-dominated flows , for both time-independent and periodically driven cases . We find that the front propagation process is controlled by one-sided barriers that are either fixed in the laboratory frame ( time-independent flows ) or oscillate periodically ( periodically driven flows ) . +0 The strongly correlated f-electrons of Ce are described by a Hubbard-type on-site Coulomb repulsion parameter . Structural and electronic properties of the alpha- and gamma-phases of cerium sesquisulfide , Ce2S3 , are examined by first-principles calculations using the GGA+U extension of density functional theory . +1 We follow the evolution of chemistry and molecular line profiles through the entire star formation process , including a self-consistent treatment of dynamics , dust continuum radiative transfer , gas energetics , chemistry , molecular excitation , and line radiative transfer . In particular , the chemical code follows a gas parcel as it falls toward the center , passing through regimes of density , dust temperature , and gas temperature that are changing both because of the motion of the parcel and the evolving luminosity of the central source . +1 In an appendix we indicate how one might extend this to qurves over non-algebraically closed fields . Further , we classify all finitely generated groups G such that the group algebra lG is an l-qurve . +0 If that happens , inflationary predictability is lost during the oscillating period . In the general case , the super-horizon Newtonian potential can potentially grow to very large values after inflation exit . +0 To this end , we introduce here a new framework to analyze the phenomenon of flocking for a rather general class of dynamical systems , which covers systems with non-symmetric influence matrices . The use of relative distances destroys the symmetry property of the original C-S model , which was the key for the various recent studies of C-S flocking behavior . +0 For arbitrary selection intensity , the problem is in a computational complexity class which suggests there is no efficient algorithm . But the general problem of determining natural selection , when the number of neighbors varies , has remained open . +0 At the critical point , we find exponentially localized Majorana bound states with a short localization length unrelated to a topological gap . An effective tight-binding description of such helical Shiba chains involves long-range ( power-law ) hopping and pairing amplitudes which induce an unconventional topological critical point . +0 Exact and approximate analytical methods are developed to compute uplink user capacity . In the soft handoff scenario studied here , both macrocell and microcell base stations serve each system user and the two received copies of a desired user 's signal are summed using maximal ratio combining . +1 Escort mean values ( or $ q $ -moments ) constitute useful theoretical tools for describing basic features of some probability densities such as those which asymptotically decay like { \it power laws } . They naturally appear in the study of many complex dynamical systems , particularly those obeying nonextensive statistical mechanics , a current generalization of the Boltzmann-Gibbs theory . +0 This study allows us to understand the origin of the disparity between the vortex lattice anisotropy ( $ \sim $ 60 ) and the $ H_ { \rm c2 } $ anisotropy ( $ \sim $ 20 ) . We apply this theory to Sr $ _2 $ RuO $ _4 $ to analyze those physical quantities obtained experimentally , focusing on the interplay between the strong two-dimensional anisotropy and the Pauli paramagnetic effects . +1 We swap a series of links within a certain distance , a cooperation range , while following typical constraints of spatially embedded networks . We find that the network robustness is only improved above a critical cooperation range . +0 Here we report the discovery of the second and third longest orbital period post-common envelope binaries ( PCEBs ) containing white dwarf ( WD ) primaries , i.e.SDSSJ121130.94-024954.4 ( Porb = 7.818 +- 0.002 days ) and SDSSJ222108.45+002927.7 ( Porb = 9.588 +- 0.002 days ) , reconstruct their evolutionary history , and discuss the implications for the energy budget of CE evolution . However , it is unclear whether additional sources of energy , such as the recombination energy of the envelope , play an important role . +0 However , the red and blue clusters have similar internal properties , such as the masses , sizes , and ages . The metal-rich and metal-poor clusters have systematically different locations and kinematics in their host galaxies . +1 UV photoionisation , supernova feedback and interactions with the larger host halo are all thought to play a role in shaping the population of satellites that we observe today , but there is still no consensus as to which of these effects , if any , dominates . In this paper , we revisit the issue by re-simulating a Milky Way class dark matter ( DM ) halo with unprecedented resolution . +1 The detector consists of a Time Projection Chamber with optical readout filled with CF $ _4 $ gas at low pressure . A collision between a WIMP and a gas molecule results in a nuclear recoil of 1-2 mm . +0 The emphasis is on aspects that are of interest from a purely mathematical point of view , and practical issues are largely disregarded . In this paper we discuss the basic problems of algorithmic algebraic number theory . +1 Let \kappa \neq \omega_1 , and let us consider the following three statements : ( a ) there exists an algorithm A ( whose execution always terminates ) which takes as input a Diophantine equation D and returns the answer YES or NO which indicates whether or not the equation D has a solution in non-negative integers , if the solution set Sol ( D ) satisfies card ( Sol ( D ) ) & lt ; \kappa , ( b ) the function f_ { \kappa } is majorized by a computable function , ( c ) if a set M \subseteq N^n has a ( \kappa-1 ) -fold ( finite-fold , if kappa=\omega ) Diophantine representation , then M is computable . We prove that ( a ) is equivalent to ( b ) and ( a ) implies ( c ) . +0 These magnetite nanoparticles with superparamagnetic behaviour are arranged to larger aggregates . In this droplets , magnetite crystals with a size of around 10-20 nm were observed . +1 From a fit to ARGUS and CLEO data on B- & gt ; D*lv semileptonic decay we find for the Cabbibo Kobayashi Maskawa matrix element Vcb=0.036+-0.003 . We compare our form factors to the pole dominance hypothesis and the heavy quark limit . +0 However , no claims have been given for frames . Another effort has provided guarantees for dictionaries that have a near optimal projection procedure using greedy-like algorithms . +1 The idea that there are any large-scale trends in the evolution of biological organisms is highly controversial . It is commonly believed , for example , that there is a large-scale trend in evolution towards increasing complexity , but empirical and theoretical arguments undermine this belief . +1 The library implements both Lee and Richards ' and Shrake and Rupley 's approximations , and is highly configurable to allow the user to control molecular parameters , accuracy and output granularity . It only depends on standard C libraries and should therefore be easy to compile and install on any platform . +1 We study the contribution to the entanglement entropy of ( 2+1 ) -dimensional conformal field theories coming from a sharp corner in the entangling surface . This contribution is encoded in a function $ a ( \theta ) $ of the corner opening angle , and was recently proposed as a measure of the degrees of freedom in the underlying CFT . +0 Covariant derivatives of orders 4,5,6 yield one additional invariant each , and $ \nabla^ { ( 7 ) } R $ is needed for invariant classification . This means that tetrad components of $ R , \nabla R , \nabla^ { ( 2 ) } R $ are constant , and that essential coordinates first appear as components of $ \nabla^ { ( 3 ) } R $ . +1 In this way Maxwell 's equations may be discovered theoretically for this particular situation of uniformly moving sources . The general solutions of the discovered Maxwell 's equations lead us to fields produced by accelerating sources . +0 We also observe that ghost string field propagators develop double poles . The computation is sufficiently accurate to provide robust evidence for the absence of the photon from the open string spectrum . +1 The length of the throat is related to the amount of entanglement between modes on either side of the horizon . So it is natural to try to relate the black hole Meissner effect to entanglement . +0 We consider a model which generalize the ( flat ) FRW one by introducing a first order inhomogeneous term , whose dynamics is induced by an effective cosmological constant . In this paper we find a solution for a quasi-isotropic inflationary Universe which allows to introduce in the problem a certain degree of inhomogeneity . +0 We find that the term $ R_ { \mu\nu } \ , \Box^ { -2 } R^ { \mu\nu } $ does not give a viable background evolution . We explore a more general class of models based on the addition to the action of terms proportional to $ R_ { \mu\nu } \ , \Box^ { -2 } R^ { \mu\nu } $ and $ C_ { \mu\nu\rho\sigma } \ , \Box^ { -2 } C^ { \mu\nu\rho\sigma } $ , where $ C_ { \mu\nu\rho\sigma } $ is the Weyl tensor . +1 The spectrum of cosmic rays ( CRs ) is affected by their escape from an acceleration site . This may have been observed not only in the gamma-ray spectrum of young supernova remnants ( SNRs ) such as RX J1713.7-3946 , but also in the spectrum of CRs showering on the Earth . +1 The phase field model obeys a Cahn -- Hilliard equation and is two-way coupled to the standard Navier -- Stokes equations . Starting from this system of equations we have first performed a linear analysis from which we have analytically rederived the known gravity-capillary dispersion relation in the limit of vanishing mixing energy density and capillary width . +0 Despite many technical advances in manipulating electron spins in solids , entanglement control has only been realized for two coupled qubits in quantum dots ( QDs ) , mainly by local SWAP operations . Non-local entanglement is also key to quantum computation outperforming classical computers and has now begun to be applied to various atom and photon-based quantum information technologies . +1 The fundamental idea behind the algorithm is to learn a sparse representation in two phases . In the first phase , the whole training dataset is partitioned into small non-overlapping subsets , and a dictionary is trained independently on each small database . +1 Based on a representation of the best pair of linear unbiased estimators in continuous time models as a stochastic integral , an efficient pair of linear unbiased estimators with corresponding optimal designs for finite sample size is constructed . This pair minimises the width of the confidence band for the difference between the estimated curves . +0 We then compare Langevin dynamics integrators in terms of their invariant distributions and demonstrate a superconvergence property ( 4th order accuracy where only 2nd order would be expected ) of one method in the high friction limit ; this method , moreover , can be reduced to a simple modification of the Euler-Maruyama method for Brownian dynamics involving a non-Markovian ( coloured noise ) random process . We show how a formal series expansion of the invariant measure of a Langevin dynamics numerical method can be obtained in a straightforward way using the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff lemma . +0 The final comparison of results is coherent but a complementary experimental procedure is necessary to calibrate and refine the model In order to obtain the different parameters and filters of the proposed model we use a statistical method based on Bayesian inference . +1 It is revealed that Mach number dependence of the effective electron temperature in the MTSI dominant case is essentially different from that in the BI dominant case . The effective electron temperature through the MTSI does not depend much on the Mach number , although that through the BI increases with the Mach number as in the past studies . +1 We also establish the monotonicity of the front and , in the bistable case , its behavior at infinity . In contrast with the classical bistable interior reaction model , its behavior at the side of the invading state is of power type , while at the side of the invaded state its decay is exponential . +1 A high-finesse Fabry-Perot interferometer ( F-P ) was used to determine frequency changes during scanning . Two multiple-distance-measurement analysis techniques were developed to improve distance precision and to extract the amplitude and frequency of vibrations . +1 We analyzed the near-infrared photometric and structural properties of a sample of 20 BGGs present in FGs in order to better understand their formation mechanisms . Their surface-brightness distribution was fitted to a Sersic profile using the GASP2D algorithm . +1 The aim of this work is to discover and highlight security issues related to CUDA , the most widespread platform for GPGPU computing . In particular , we provide details and proofs-of-concept about a novel set of vulnerabilities CUDA architectures are subject to , that could be exploited to cause severe information leak . +1 The paper presents results for zinc oxide films grown at low temperature regime by Atomic Layer Deposition ( ALD ) . We discuss electrical properties of such films and show that low temperature deposition results in oxygen-rich ZnO layers in which free carrier concentration is very low . +0 However , this last mechanism suffers from an issue of naturalness concerning the scale responsible for such small masses , namely , the parameter $ \mu $ that is related to lepton number violation and is supposed to be at the keV scale , much lower than the electroweak one . The inverse see-saw mechanism is an interesting alternative to the canonical one once it leads to tiny neutrino masses with the advantage of being testable at TeV scale . +1 The results are UD functions $ \Phi^ { ( L ) } , $ where $ L $ is the number of loops . They play an important role in N=4 supersymmetic Yang-Mills theory . +0 We combine all these X-ray data and fit the spectra with different models . The X-ray data are obtained from the archival data of CHANDRA , RXTE } , and SUZAKU . +0 The conversion formula from a 2-dimensional velocity distribution function to a 3-dimensional distribution function is derived and applied to reproduce the distribution function of the kick velocity of radio pulsars . The effect of kick velocity to newly born pulsars on the distribution of $ \gamma $ -ray bursters is examined in the context of a disk origin model and a halo model of $ \gamma $ -ray bursters . +1 We find that supersymmetry on the Coulomb branch is dynamically broken as a consequence of the strong dynamics of SU ( 2 ) gauge symmetry while the supersymmetric vacuum on the Higgs branch remains . We also estimate the lifetimes of the local minima on the Coulomb branch . +1 The scalability of statistical estimators is of increasing importance in modern applications . One approach to implementing scalable algorithms is to compress data into a low dimensional latent space using dimension reduction methods . +0 Empirical and counterfactual conditions are given for sufficient cause interactions and singular interactions between an arbitrary number of causes . A singular interaction is said to be present if for some subset of individuals there is a unique minimal sufficient cause . +0 Using the high resolution spectra we have measured the K3 star 's rotational broadening to be vsini = 43 +/- 3 km/s and determined a lower limit to the binary mass ratio of q ( =M2/M1 ) & gt ; 2.0 . The unseen binary component is most likely a late-type ( K7-M ) dwarf or a white dwarf . +0 Such a resonant effect enables excitation of optical vortices by vortex-free inputs and allows the output topological charge of the beam to be controlled . Specifically , we show that spiraling shallow refractive index landscapes induce coupling and periodic energy exchange between states with different topological charges . +0 ( 2012 ) where the instability developed in a weakly magnetized atmosphere , consisting of a uniform field oriented in a different direction from the unstable layer below . The calculations shown here are a follow-up of the work of Favier et al . +1 Using the COSMOS multiwavelength data set , we derive the radio properties of CWAT-01 and use the optical and X-ray data to investigate its host environment . The cluster hosting CWAT-01 is part of a larger assembly consisting of a minimum of four X-ray luminous clusters within ~2 Mpc distance . +1 We discuss a method to create two-dimensional traps as well as atomic shell , or bubble , states for a Bose-Einstein condensate initially prepared in a conventional magnetic trap . The scheme relies on the use of time-dependent , radio frequency-induced adiabatic potentials . +0 We show that the tidal radii of our intracluster globulars are all larger than the mean for Milky Way clusters , and suggest that the clusters have undergone less tidal stress than their Galactic counterparts . Despite the fact that two of our IGC candidates have integrated colors redder than the mean of the M87 globular cluster system , we propose that all of the objects are metal-poor with [ M/H ] & lt ; -1 . +0 However , the drift and the boundary condition are coupled in their work . In 2010 , Alessio Figalli and Nicola Gigli introduced a transportation cost that can be used to obtain parabolic equations with drift subject to Dirichlet boundary condition . +0 Medical images are produced and transferred between hospitals for review by physicians who are geographically apart . A fast and efficient coding algorithms are needed for effective storage and transmission , due to the popularity of telemedicine and the use of digital medical images . +1 We find that the oscillations are as large as 15 % during the declines of the bursts , and they appear and disappear due to intrinsic variations in their fractional amplitudes . However , the maxima in the amplitudes are not related to the underlying flux in the burst . +1 We point out that such screening masses are sensitive to the same infrared physics as light-cone real-time rates . In particular , on the perturbative side , the inhomogeneous Schrodinger equation determining screening correlators is shown to have the same general form as the equation implementing LPM resummation for the soft-dilepton and photon production rates from a hot QCD plasma . +0 Provided that one or both of these detections are real , the frequency of warm excesses in systems with transiting planets of 2-4 % is comparable to that around solar-type stars probed at similar wavelengths with Spitzer 's MIPS and IRS instruments . Two systems with one transiting `` hot Jupiter '' each , TrES-2 and XO-5 , exhibit small excesses both at 12 and 22 microns at a & gt ; 3 sigma level . +1 In this study , their combinatorial interpretation is given and their application on sorting is examined . Given an array of n integer keys each in [ 1 , n ] , if it is allowed to modify the keys in the range [ -n , n ] , idempotent permutations make it possible to obtain linearly ordered arrangement of the keys in O ( n ) time using only 4log ( n ) bits , setting the theoretical lower bound of time and space complexity of sorting . +1 One way that an anthropic selection mechanism may be manifest in a physical theory involves multiple domains in the universe with different values of the physical parameters . If this mechanism is to be relevant for understanding the small observed value of the cosmological constant , it may involve a mechanism by which some contributions to the cosmological constant can be fixed at a continuous range of values in the different domains . +1 For the first time , we combine host galaxy observations with geometric measurements of quasar illumination using blue-band HST observations and [ OIII ] integral field unit observations probing the quasar winds . The HST images reveal bright merger signatures in about half the galaxies ; a significantly higher fraction than in comparison inactive ellipticals . +1 It is demonstrated that out-of plane motion does not affect the properties of the adsorbed films as long as the total density is not close to the monolayer completion . On the other hand , close to the monolayer completion , the promotion of particles to the second layer considerably affects the properties of mixed films . +1 Experimentally relevant effects are predicted . Modes which are degenerate according to the paraxial approximation are split according to their total angular momentum . +1 We discuss the sensitivity of the results to the choice of parameters for the binding and final state interactions . We find these uncertainties to be more pronounced at the larger missing momenta explored by the ( gamma , p ) reaction . +0 It represents the ratio between the rotation period of the star and the local convective turnover time . The Rossby number , which is related to the dynamo process , shows an observational correlation with activity . +1 To have a better understanding of ion and electron data from experiments derived from laser-irradiated clusters , one needs to simulate cluster dynamics on such long timescales for which the molecular dynamics approach becomes inefficient . We therefore propose a two-step Molecular Dynamics-Hydrodynamic scheme . +1 The identification and analysis of bound objects , halos , is one of the most important steps in drawing useful physical information from simulations . In the advent of larger and larger simulations , a reliable and parallel halo finder , able to cope with the ever-increasing data files , is a must . +0 The asymptotic critical region is characterized by run-away flow to large disorder . However , this long-range interaction is not strong enough to suppress disorder fluctuations . +1 It was pointed out in the first part of this study that EPR-type entanglement is defined by the possibility of performing any of two mutually incompatible distant , i. e. , direct-interaction-free , measurements . They go together under the term 'EPR-type disentanglement ' . +0 In the vicinity of the Ising case , the largest Lyapunov exponents exhibit a power-law growth , while further away they become rather weakly sensitive to the Hamiltonian anisotropy . Our results strongly suggest the absence of integrable nearest-neighbor Hamiltonians for the infinite lattices except for the trivial Ising case . +1 The expression is entirely in terms of asymptotic charges . It involves the `` scalar charges '' of the black hole which still need to be solved in terms of the dyonic charges and the mass . +1 We present results from observations of the magnetar 1E 1547.0-5408 ( SGR J1550-5418 ) taken with the Chandra X-ray Observatory and the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer ( RXTE ) following the source 's outbursts in 2008 October and 2009 January . During the time span of the Chandra observations , which covers days 4 through 23 and days 2 through 16 after the 2008 and 2009 events , respectively , the source spectral shape remained stable , while the pulsar 's spin-down rate in the same span in 2008 increased by a factor of 2.2 as measured by RXTE . +1 They proved that any subword complex is homeomorphic to a ball or a sphere and asked about their geometric realizations . We show that a family of subword complexes can be realized geometrically via regular triangulations of root polytopes . +0 The preparation of a single pseudo-pure state is demonstrated by carbon and proton NMR on 13C-labeled alanine . This permits a general procedure to be given for the preparation of pseudo-pure states on any number of spins , subject to the limitations imposed by the loss of signal from the selected subensemble . +0 We have considered various phenomenological models for $ \Lambda $ , viz. , $ \Lambda\propto\rho , \Lambda\propto\frac { \dot { a } ^ { 2 } } { a^ { 2 } } $ and $ \Lambda\propto\frac { \ddot { a } } { a } $ . In this paper we have considered the Universe to be filled with Modified Gas and the Cosmological Constant $ \Lambda $ to be time-dependent with or without the Gravitational Constant $ G $ to be time-dependent . +0 Finally , these ideas are applied to the minimum number of distinct eigenvalues associated with G , denoted by q ( G ) . These new properties are referred to as the Strong Spectral Property and the Strong Multiplicity Property . +0 Further , BiPd exhibits weak ferromagnetism near the superconducting transition temperature in isothermal magnetization ( MH ) measurements . The magnetic susceptibility measurement confirmed that the BiPd compound is superconducting below 4K . +0 In 11 cases there was a clear if not complete match between the optical and radio structures with H filamentary structures registered inside and along the presumed radio borders . Morphologically , 10 of these remnants have coherent , extended arc or shell structures , while the remaining objects are more irregular in form but clearly filamentary in nature , typical of optically detected SNRs . +0 In order to emphasize the essential point , the full spinor interaction is replaced by a model which includes only the Coulomb and the hyperfine interaction . Taking the effective interaction between a quark and an anti-quark from previous work , the dependendence on a regularization scale is removed in line with the renormalization group . +1 The calculation is done in a range of pion masses from 300 to 500 MeV . A stochastic source method is used to reduce inversions in calculating propagators . +0 We investigate the nonoverlapping block bootstrap sequences which are near epoch dependent on strong mixing or absolutely regular processes . But in many applications , there appear nonlinear statistics of processes that are not strongly mixing . +0 It is shown that several models with a large variety of parameters are in accordance with the photometric data . Here I discuss the strong binary lens events OGLE # 7 and DUO # 2 . +0 However , for the case where one of the top squarks is light , a deviation of more than 5 % in the next-to-next-to-leading order prediction of the cross section can be observed where at the same time the predicted Higgs boson mass has a value of about 125 GeV . In a large part of the still allowed parameter space the $ K $ factor of the supersymmetric theory is close to the one of the Standard Model . +0 In this study a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb $ ^ { -1 } $ of $ pp $ collisions collected by the LHCb detector is used . The resonant substructures of $ B^0 \to \overline { D } ^0 \pi^+\pi^- $ decays are studied with the Dalitz plot technique . +0 Phys. , 52 ( 2002 ) 1297 ) have been analyzed critically . The comments of Guseinov on our recent paper ( Czech.J . +1 Also the long-standing problems concerning the property of Higgs and its interactions are still there , and we still do not have any conclusive argument of the origin of the Higgs itself . In this article we focus on higher-dimensional theories as new physics . +1 We then show that various important analytic and elliptic estimates , formulated in terms of weighted Sobolev spaces , can be obtained independently of the parameters used in the construction . Specifically , we prove uniform estimates related to ( i ) Sobolev Embedding Theorems , ( ii ) the invertibility of the Laplace operator and ( iii ) Poincare ' and Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Sobolev type inequalities . +0 In this paper , we show results of the characterization of PSR in isotopically enhanced Rubidium-87 cells , performed in two independent laboratories . This process , known as polarization self-rotation ( PSR ) , has been suggested as a mechanism for producing squeezed light at atomic transition wavelengths . +1 The [ CII ] emission peaks in the central $ \lesssim $ 1 kpc of our galaxies as do the SFR radial profiles , with most [ CII ] ( $ \gtrsim $ 70 % ) originating in the molecular gas phase , whereas further out ( $ \gtrsim $ 2 kpc ) , the atomic/PDR gas dominates ( $ \gtrsim $ 90 % ) the [ CII ] emission , no longer tracing on-going star formation . Throughout , the ionized gas contribution is negligible ( $ \lesssim $ 3 % ) . +0 The derivation of these bounds combines elements of information theory with the Chen-Stein method for Poisson approximation . Upper bounds on the error that follows from an approximation of this entropy by the entropy of a Poisson random variable with the same mean are derived . +1 Relations between these manifolds and Grassmann manifolds have been established . A generalisation of a result on the dimension of the manifold of rank $ k $ idempotents in the semigroup of linear endomorphisms over $ \fldc $ has been proved . +0 About 3000 round , slightly-resolved cluster candidates are identified in 10 ACS pointings covering an area of 106 arcmin^2 . Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys ( ACS ) images are used to identify and study star cluster candidates in the nearby spiral galaxy M101 . +0 The additional seven observed variables considered here are their surface nitrogen abundance , rotational frequency , magnetic field strength , and the amplitude and frequency of their dominant acoustic and gravity mode of oscillation . We have composed a sample of 68 massive stars in our galaxy whose projected rotational velocity , effective temperature and gravity are available from high-precision spectroscopic measurements . +1 Multipermutations are permutations of a multiset that generally consist of duplicate entries . We first introduce a class of binary matrices called multipermutation matrices , each of which corresponds to a unique and distinct multipermutation . +0 We suggest that such a stellar cooling can be observed in the radio frequency regime since synchrotron luminosity of the ADAFs depends strongly on the electron temperature and occurs much more frequently than a tidal disruption event . It is shown that the Comptonization of the stellar emission will take place in a hot accretion disk such as the ADAFs around the supermassive black hole and become a relatively important source of the accretion disk cooling when the mass accretion rate is low , and stars are passing outer parts of the hot accretion disk . +1 However , the recovery of higher-order multispectra is difficult from realistic data due to their complex response to inhomogeneous noise and partial sky coverage , which are often difficult to model analytically . A traditional alternative is to use one-point cumulants of various orders , which collapse the information present in a multispectrum to one number . +1 We provide covariant and gauge-invariant expressions of these observables . Our expressions are given for a linearly perturbed flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric including scalar , vector , and tensor metric perturbations . +0 We calculate the critical point , the renormalization of the phonon frequency and the average lattice distortion . One of these modes undergoes an Ising transition by spontaneously breaking the sublattice symmetry . +0 In this regard , for a $ d $ -regular graph $ G $ , we present two upper bounds for $ \chi_2 ( G ) -\chi ( G ) $ , one of them , $ \lceil 5.437\log d+2.721\rceil $ , is an improvement of the bound $ 14.06\log d +1 $ , proved by Alishahi ( 2011 ) \cite { MR2746973 } . In 2001 , Montgomery \cite { MR2702379 } conjectured that , for a $ d $ -regular graph $ G $ , $ \chi_2 ( G ) -\chi ( G ) \leq 2 $ . +0 This may be used to explain the magnetic fields observed today in clusters of galaxies and in the intergalactic medium ( IGM ) . In this work we investigate how efficiently galactic winds can provide an intense and widespread `` seed '' magnetisation . +0 I discuss the possibility of dormant LBVs and implications for the duration of the greater LBV phase and its role in stellar evolution . These eruptions are thought to represent key mass loss episodes in the lives of massive stars . +0 For our analysis , we implement a new method of completeness correction using a combination of star-planting simulations and Bayesian inference . This work increases the radial extent of reported OSIRIS/Keck measurements by more than a factor of 3 from 4 '' to 14 '' ( 0.16 pc to 0.56 pc ) , along the projected disk of young stars . +1 We perform experimental investigations of osmotically driven flows in artificial microchannels by studying the dynamics and structure of the front of a sugar solution traveling in 200 um wide and 50-200 um deep microchannels . We find that the sugar front travels with constant speed , and that this speed is proportional to the concentration of the sugar solution and inversely proportional to the depth of the channel . +0 However , it is also desirable to have bounds that do not rely on these kinds of detailed models . The strongest bounds on some forms of Lorentz and CPT violation come from astrophysical data , and placing such bounds may require understanding and modeling distant sources of radiation . +1 We demonstrate that the technique is free of radio bias and thus applicable regardless of radio detections . For observations made with a moderate beamsize ( ~18 '' ) , this technique identifies ~85 per cent of SMG counterparts . +0 In this paper , we will revisit the same question for the discrete time Fourier transform uncertainty principle . Feynman 's answer was negative . +0 For the large majority of stars with masses 0.7 & lt ; M/M_sun & lt ; 0.9 and heavy-element mass fractions 0.001 & lt ; Z & lt ; 0.006 , the Li abundance is well fitted by a relation A ( Li ) = a0 + a1 M + a2 Z + a3 M Z , where a0 , a1 , a2 , and a3 are constants . There is no significant systematic difference in the lithium abundances of high- and low-alpha halo stars . +1 We have studied the composition-induced metal-to-insulator transitions of cation substituted Lithium Titanate , in the forms Li1+xTi2-xO4 and LiAlyTi2-yO4 , utilising a quantum site percolation model , and we argue that such a model provides a very reliable representation of the noninteracting electrons in this material if strong correlations are ignored . We then determine whether or not such a model of 3d electrons moving on the Ti ( corner-sharing tetrahedral ) sublattice describes the observed metal-to-insulator transitions , with the critical concentration defined by the matching of the mobility edge and the chemical potential . +0 In the high temperature region , the Casimir interaction is dominated by the term with zero Matsubara frequency , and it is known as the classical term since this term is independent of the Planck constant $ \hbar $ . The Casimir interaction free energy is derived from the zero temperature Casimir interaction energy via the Matsubara formalism . +1 The observed azimuthal correlations at large relative pseudorapidity are used to extract the second-order ( v [ 2 ] ) and third-order ( v [ 3 ] ) anisotropy harmonics of K0S and Lambda/anti-Lambda particles . These quantities are studied as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity in the event and the transverse momentum of the particles . +0 We describe and compare different schemes , effectively corresponding to different choices of the energy-dependent absorbing potential , and test them numerically by calculating resonances of the HCO molecule . The computation of 2T steps of the autocorrelation function requires only T sparse real matrix-vector multiplications . +1 I derive the MRD using a Richardson-Lucy inversion method , assuming a fixed mass of the Am primary and randomly distributed orbital inclinations . Using the large sub-sample of double-lined spectroscopic binaries , I show that this methodology is indeed perfectly adequate . +0 The method implies reconstruction of the magnetic field change inside the hole . The films contain macroscopic , non-conducting holes and we suggest a new method to introduce the holes in the simulation formalism . +1 Additionally , a hypothetical molecular crystal in a zincblende structure , involving the pair tetra-bora-adamantane and tetra-aza-adamantane , was investigated . This molecular crystal presented a direct and large electronic bandgap and a bulk modulus of 20 GPa . +0 First , we obtain the algebraic conditions under which the manifold $ ( T^*M , G , J ) $ is almost Hermitian . We study the conditions under which an almost Hermitian structure $ ( G , J ) $ of general natural lift type on the cotangent bundle $ T^*M $ of a Riemannian manifold $ ( M , g ) $ is K\ '' ahlerian . +0 Such an asymmetric dynamics is irreversible , i.e. , breaks detailed balance , because the principle of action and reaction is violated . We consider the ferromagnetic spherical model with asymmetric linear Langevin dynamics . +1 In the lossless case , we demonstrate these effects numerically , and also use an approximate diagonalization to show that these effects are expected from the model Hamiltonian . We augment the model to include loss effects , and show that loss enhances the excitation transfer effect by breaking the severe cancelation between different paths that occurs in the lossless case . +1 In this paper , we resolve both the global and the local non-global minimizers of ( p-RS ) for $ p & gt ; 2 $ with necessary and sufficient optimality conditions . Moreover , we prove a parallel result of Mart\ ' { \i } nez \cite { Mar } that the ( p-RS ) for $ p & gt ; 2 $ , analogous to the trust region subproblem , can have at most one local non-global minimizer . +0 Each node of the actin automaton takes state `0 ' ( resting ) or `1 ' ( excited ) and updates its state in discrete time depending on its neighbour 's states . We model actin filaments as two chains of one-dimensional binary-state semi-totalistic automaton arrays to describe hypothetical signalling events therein . +1 This might create the effect of extra-particle creation process at scales where the extra-degrees of freedom become relevant . For stationary solutions , depending on the values taken by the free parameters of the theory , the periodicity structure of the propagator reveal two effects . +1 Transparent media exhibiting anomalous dispersion have been of considerable interest since Wang , Kuzmich , and Dogariu [ Nature { \bf 406 } , 277 ( 2000 ) ] first observed light propagate with superluminal and negative group velocities without absorption . Here , we propose an atomic model exhibiting these properties , based on a generalization of amplification without inversion in a five-level DIGS system . +0 We explicitly compute the correlation matrix for the temperature anisotropies in the simpler case in which there is a residual isotropy between two spatial directions . As a pivot model , we assume that the spectrum of the primordial perturbations depends also on their directionality ( rather than just on the magnitude of their momentum , as in the standard case ) . +0 We show that the rest-frame charge distribution is generally not observable because of the failure to uphold current conservation . The meaning of transverse density is explained using coordinate space variables , allowing us to identify a true mean-square transverse size directly related to the form factor . +1 We discuss also the role of the $ \rho^ { 0 } $ and the Drell-S\ '' oding photoproduction mechanism . We compare our predictions with recent experimental results obtained by the STAR and CDF Collaborations . +0 To quantify this behaviour we calculate the Darwin drift , the total volume swept out by a material sheet of tracers , initially perpendicular to the swimmer path , during the swimmer motion . For much smaller tracer-swimmer separations , however , the tracer displacement becomes positive and diverges as $ \rho \to 0 $ . +1 We prove that finite volume approximations of order $ O ( h^ { k+1 } ) $ , with $ k $ integer , can be obtained after $ k $ corrections , starting with finite volume solution of order $ O ( h ) $ , by using the same matrix and changing only the second member of the original system . This is done for general smooth second order elliptic problems in one dimension and for second order elliptic problems of the form $ -\Delta u+pu=f $ , with Dirichlet conditions . +0 In the present communication we present results of a first investigation of the effects of finite baryon density on different weak mesonic decay channels of the $ \Lambda^+_c $ baryon . The nuclear medium nevertheless affects the mesonic decays of charm hypernucleus because the nuclear mean fields modify the masses of the charm hyperon . +0 We introduce a model and an analytical framework for studying interdependent networks . Such a cascade of failures , triggered by a failure of a small faction of nodes in only one network , may lead to the complete fragmentation of all networks . +0 Thus , in addition to providing a bird 's eye view of the present status of the subject , the article should also serve as a vehicle to enter the field and explore it in detail . Our presentation is pedagogical . +0 We discuss electrical properties of such films and show that low temperature deposition results in oxygen-rich ZnO layers in which free carrier concentration is very low . The paper presents results for zinc oxide films grown at low temperature regime by Atomic Layer Deposition ( ALD ) . +0 It is explicitly demonstrated that the series reordering scheme proposed in Bernardeau , Crocce and Scoccimarro ( 2008 ) is preserved for non-Gaussian initial conditions . We show here how Renormalized Perturbation Theory ( RPT ) calculations applied to the quasi-linear growth of the large-scale structure can be carried on in presence of primordial non-Gaussian ( PNG ) initial conditions . +0 An axion with mass of order $ 10^ { -5 } $ eV ( with large uncertainties ) is one of the leading candidates for the dark matter of the universe . It has turned out to be an unusually fruitful idea , crossing boundaries between particle physics , astrophysics and cosmology . +1 The difference in phase shift between the orthogonally polarized components of this scattered emission can cause a transformation of linear to circular polarization . Methods : We compared linear polarization maps from dust continuum , obtained with PolKa at APEX , and $ ^ { 12 } $ CO ( $ J=2\rightarrow1 $ ) and ( $ J=1\rightarrow0 $ ) from the IRAM 30-m telescope and found no consistency between the two sets of polarization maps . +1 The reflective substrate is actually an optically thick metallic film . Such a planar device is easier to fabricate compared with the absorbers with complicated shapes . +1 The sufficient CP insertion converts an inter-symbol interference ( ISI ) channel from multipaths into multiple ISI-free subchannels as the key in a wireless communications system , and analogously , it provides an inter-range-cell interference ( IRCI ) free ( high range resolution ) SAR image in a SAR system . The sufficient CP insertion along with our newly proposed SAR imaging algorithm particularly for the OFDM signals also differentiates this paper from all the existing studies in the literature on OFDM radar signal processing . +0 Initial access in particular can be significantly delayed due to the need for the base station and the user to find the proper alignment for directional transmission and reception . This reliance on directionality has important implications for control layer procedures . +1 A fairness proportional utility functions policy approach is used to allocate the resources among the user equipment ( UE ) s in a utility percentage form and to ensure a minimum level of customer satisfaction for all the subscribers . Meanwhile , the priority of resources allocation is given to the real-time applications . +1 However , to date all analyses of fluctuation corrections neglect the finite ranged nature of the Coulomb interaction . We develop the formalism to consider the effects of fluctuations with a realistic screened Coulomb potential . +1 However , these generalizations also give radiative masses that can dominate the seesaw masses in regions of parameter space -- - i.e.they are not purely seesaw models , nor are they purely radiative models , but instead they are something in between . A recent work detailed the remaining minimal models of this type . +1 The CXB spectrum differs from the integration of the spectra of individual sources , calling for a large population , undetected so far , of strongly obscured Compton thick AGN . Such objects are predicted by unified models , which attribute most of the AGN diversity to their inclination on the line of sight , and play an important role for the understanding of the growth of black holes in the early Universe . +1 We also examine the relation between morphology and abundance of the products of stellar evolution . We found that asymmetric PNe have higher nitrogen and lower carbon abundances than symmetric PNe . +0 These edge sets can be represented by one multi-layer network . It is often possible to obtain or infer multiple types of relations from the same set of nodes , such as observed friend connections , inferred links via semantic comparison , or relations based off of geographic proximity . +1 We find in all cases that the alpha-particles are located at the surface of the core-nucleus as dictated by Coulomb and centrifugal barriers . The two lowest three-body bound states resemble a slightly contracted $ ^ { 8 } \text { Be } $ nucleus outside the core . +1 Let $ \nu\in M^1 ( [ 0 , \infty [ ) $ be a fixed probability measure . For each dimension $ p\in\b N $ , let $ ( X_n^p ) _ { n\ge1 } $ be i.i.d . +0 We consider two scenarios for the collisions that must be resupplying the dust population : ( 1 ) continuous `` steady state '' grinding of planetesimals , and ( 2 ) an isolated cataclysmic collision . Simple models suggest that the 18 micron flux is well approximated by two contiguous annuli of mid-infrared-emitting dust from 2-4 and 4-8 AU with a 3:1 flux ratio for the annuli , respectively . +1 The ionization parameter of the material ( i.e. , the flux to density ratio ) is around 10^3 , resulting in a Fe K line from He-like iron . A supersolar abundance of iron is not required by the data . +0 The proposed channel estimation scheme does not need any priori channel information . In this paper , we propose an improved DFT-based channel estimation scheme that tries to clean the reference signals in the time domain before being used for interpolation using the estimated noise variance from reference signals on multiple orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ( OFDM ) symbols via the property of DFT . +1 To provide a solution to this problem , we question standard definitions on communities and provide alternatives . We also propose a function called compactness , designed to assess the quality of a solution to this problem . +1 The Compton amplitude is calculated in terms of expectation values of light-ray quark operators . As a technical tool we apply the nonlocal light-cone expansion . +1 In quantum gravity theories Planckian behavior is triggered by the energy of { \it elementary } particles approaching the Planck energy , $ E_P $ , but it 's also possible that anomalous behavior strikes systems of particles with total energy near $ E_P $ . This is usually perceived to be pathological and has been labelled `` the soccer ball problem '' . +1 In the last few decades many efforts have been made to understand the effect of spiral arms on the gas and stellar dynamics in the Milky Way disc . One of the fundamental parameters of the spiral structure is its angular velocity , or pattern speed $ \Omega_p $ , which determines the location of resonances in the disc and the spirals ' radial extent . +1 For the hydrodynamic fields of such a liquid , linearized equations with random thermal sources are used . For the time dependent amplitudes of the expansion of the fields in the basis functions of the vector Helmholtz equations a set of Langevin equations is obtained that allowed us , with the help of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem , to find the spectral densities of the correlation functions of the amplitudes . +0 We also find that the Toomre 's Q values in the centers of Seyfert galaxies tend to be larger than unity , indicating the circumnuclear molecular gas disks around Seyfert nuclei would be gravitationally stable . Based on the observed CO distributions and kinematics , we suggest that a small scale ( a few 100 pc - a few kpc ) distortion of the underlying potential seems to be necessary for Seyfert activity , although it is not a sufficient condition . +0 The achievability of the linear sum DoF is based on a three-phase strategy , in which during the first two phases only the transmitter with fewer antennas exploits delayed CSIT in order to minimize the dimension of its signal at the unintended receiver . The converse for each result is based on developing a novel rank-ratio inequality that characterizes the maximum ratio between the dimensions of received linear subspaces at the two multiple-antenna receivers . +0 These processes can be background to the Higgs boson production and a number of beyond the standard model scenarios . Such processes have already produced large number of events at the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC ) by now . +0 However , to date , methods that have been developed to simulate the secret bit rate generation for EQKD systems have been limited by techniques that do not provide a complete description of the quantum state produced by the source . The primary figure of merit for QKD systems is ability to generate secret bits . +1 We explore methods to improve the estimates of star formation rates and mean stellar population ages from broadband photometry of high redshift star-forming galaxies . We use synthetic spectral templates with a variety of simple parametric star formation histories to fit broadband spectral energy distributions . +1 Even hypothesizing a new population of much dimmer and numerous Galactic point sources , the total observed X-ray flux can not be explained . Therefore , we conclude that X-ray emission from the Galactic plane has truly diffuse origin . +0 A high degree of parallelism between the two near-planar interacting surfaces can be achieved because they are defined in a single lithographic step . Here , by integrating a force-sensing micromechanical beam and an electrostatic actuator on a single chip , we demonstrate the Casimir effect between two micromachined silicon components on the same substrate . +1 In the 80 years since the seminal Einstein , Podolsky , and Rosen ( EPR ) paper , physicists and philosophers have mused about the `spooky action at a distance ' aspect of quantum mechanics that so bothered Einstein . In his formal analysis of EPR-type entangled quantum states , Bell ( 1964 ) concluded that any hidden variable theory designed to reproduce the predictions of quantum mechanics must necessarily be nonlocal and allow superluminal interactions . +1 This source is X-ray absorbed , shows only narrow emission lines in the optical spectrum and is detected in the sub-mm : it is the ideal candidate in an evolution scheme for AGN ( e.g.Fabian ( 1999 ) ; Page et al . ( 2004 ) ) of an early phase corresponding to the main growth of the host galaxy and formation of the central black hole . +0 Extending Kim and Tarokh 's approach for colocated MIMO systems , a novel training based approach to distributed non-coherent space-time coding for wireless relay networks is proposed . For this approach , necessary and sufficient conditions for multi-group decodability are derived in a simple way assuming a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test receiver and a unitary codebook . +0 The considered per antenna power constrained system is optimized in a maximum fairness sense . Extending the current state of the art in multigroup multicasting , the practical constraint of a maximum permitted power level radiated by each antenna is tackled herein . +1 We analyze the asymptotic properties of these allocations as the number of objects grows to infinity . Using the symmetries of the problem , we derive a law of large numbers , a central limit theorem and a large deviation principle for both loads with explicit expressions . +0 Renormalization is carried out using the heat kernel expansion and zeta functional regularization . We use the method of representing the vacuum energy in terms of the Jost function on the imaginary momentum axis . +1 We predicted the most probable sites occupied by Eu3+ and Li+ ions and the related charge-compensation mechanisms involved into these substitutions . The results show that the Eu3+ and Li+ ions are incorporated mainly at the Gd3+ site . +0 Here we propose to adapt the `` thermal plume '' model , recently developed for Earth climate modeling , to Martian GCMs , MMs , and single-column models . Global Climate Models [ GCMs ] and Mesoscale Models [ MMs ] lack the resolution to predict PBL mixing which is therefore parameterized . +0 It is characterized in terms of dynamical heterogeneity , facilitation and excitation lines . This structure emerges from spatial correlations of dynamics that appear in disordered systems as they approach non-ergodic or jammed states . +1 We consider both semidiscrete triangulations with continuous time and explicit Euler schemes with time step small enough for the method to be stable . We find sharp uniform bounds for the convergence rate as a function of the degree of smoothness which we conjecture . +0 The presence of a black hole depresses the entropy of the cosmological horizon by an amount proportional to the geometric mean of the entropies of the black hole and cosmological horizons . We describe some overlooked features of how the cosmological horizon responds to the black hole evaporation . +0 Moreover , if the central field approaches 10^ { 19 } G , then the matter becomes unstable which limits the maximum magnetic field at the center of magnetars . We find that the effect of magnetic field on the matter of neutron stars and hence on the mass-radius relation is important , when the central magnetic field is atleast of the order of 10^ { 17 } G. Very importantly , the effect of strong magnetic field reveals anisotropy to the system . +0 '' , this paper attempts to answer the question of `` how to achieve those gains in a practical decentralized wireless network and in the presence of a cost for information exchange ? '' . While existing PHY security literature answered the question `` what are the link-level secrecy rate gains from cooperation ? +0 We call this measure the mutual dependence . One such ideal measure , proposed by Granger himself , calculates the Bhattacharyya distance between the joint probability density function ( pdf ) and the product of marginal pdfs . +0 Hamiltonians which exhibit , upon perturbation , subharmonic bifurcations of resonant tori around an elliptic fixed point . Here , we review in detail our recent results , following a similar approach to show the existence of infinitely-sheeted solutions for 2 d.o.f . +0 In the transparent spectral region ( the first and second laser harmonics ) of the heavy metal azide matrix the effect of covering the sample surface with a plate on initiation energy threshold was insignificant , whereas , in the region of bandgap absorption ( the fourth harmonic ) strong dependence of the initiation threshold on whether the surface under irradiation is uncovered or covered . Samples both uncovered and covered with a transparent dielectric ( a quartz plate ) with the compressive force of up to 0.5GPa were initiated . +0 The beam profile is measured as a function of the magnetic field gradient in one of the HEBT quadrupoles . The beam emittance is inferred from wire scanner measurements of the beam profile at a single location in the HEBT . +1 The cyclic polytope $ C ( n , d ) $ is the convex hull of any $ n $ points on the moment curve $ { ( t , t^2 , ... , t^d ) : t \in \reals } $ in $ \reals^d $ . For $ d ' & gt ; d $ , we consider the fiber polytope ( in the sense of Billera and Sturmfels ) associated to the natural projection of cyclic polytopes $ \pi : C ( n , d ' ) \to C ( n , d ) $ which `` forgets '' the last $ d'-d $ coordinates . +0 Based upon our negative experiences with existing methods , we designed a new method for probability elicitation from domain experts . We learned the extent of this often-cited observation in the construction of the probabilistic part of a complex influence diagram in the field of cancer treatment . +1 The model is two-dimensional and has two different `` amino acids '' . Using numerical simulations of all chains containing eight or ten monomers , we examine the sequence dependence at a fixed temperature . +0 The current heavy Higgs search results are shown to put more significant bounds . By reinvestigating this small $ \tan\beta $ region , we find that the indirect constraints like $ \Delta\rho $ , $ b\to s \gamma $ , $ \Delta M_ { B_d } $ , $ R_b $ , $ \epsilon_K $ , and the perturbativity of running top Yukawa coupling are rather weak to be $ \tan\beta & gt ; 0.5 $ . +1 The highest discrepancies between ERA-I and ENS240 are found in the hurricane-prone areas , suggesting that the ensemble comes closer than ERA-I in capturing the intensity of tropical cyclones . The width of the confidence intervals are typically reduced by 70 % due to the size of the data sets . +1 Our first proposition provides us with a pathwise definition of the gain process for a large class of continuous-time , path-dependent , self-finacing trading strategies , including the important class of 'delta-hedging ' strategies , and is based on the recently developed 'non-anticipative functional calculus ' . Two versions of the statement involve respectively continuous and c\`adl\`ag price paths . +0 The radiative heat flux calculated from fluctuational electrodynamics significantly varies with graphene chemical potentials , which can tune the coupling between graphene plasmon across the vacuum gap . Thick SiC plates serve as the thermal `` source '' and `` drain '' , while graphene sheets function as the `` gate '' to modulate the near-field photon tunneling by tuning chemical potential with applied voltage biases symmetrically or asymmetrically . +1 We study the level-rank duality between minimal models , which is a special example of the automorphism . It is shown that the nonvanishing states in both systems are described by $ N $ or $ M $ Young diagrams with the rows of boxes appropriately shuffled . +1 Heuristics are crucial tools in decreasing search effort in varied fields of AI . In order to be effective , a heuristic must be efficient to compute , as well as provide useful information to the search algorithm . +1 We have observed an isotropic superconducting gap along the hole-like Fermi surface with the gap size Delta of ~4 meV ( 2Delta/kBTc~7 ) , demonstrating the strong-coupling nature of the superconductivity . The observed similarity of low-energy electronic excitations between iron-chalcogenide and iron-arsenide superconductors strongly suggests that common interactions which involve Q~ ( pi , pi ) scattering are responsible for the superconducting pairing . +1 For dimensions less than $ d_c=2 $ we find a strong -- coupling fixed point , which diverges at $ d=2 $ , indicating that there is non -- perturbative strong -- coupling behavior for all $ d \geq 2 $ . At $ d=1 $ our method yields the identical fixed point as in the one -- loop approximation , and the two -- loop contributions to the scaling functions are non -- singular . +1 The second author has recently introduced the Sylvester coloring conjecture , which states that for any cubic graph $ G $ one has : $ S\prec G $ . Here $ S $ is the Sylvester graph on ten vertices . +0 This effective theory is correct to all orders in derivatives of the radion in the limit of small brane separation , and , in particular , contains no higher than second derivatives . Extending the analysis of hep-th/0504128 , we obtain a formal expression for the coupling between brane matter and the radion in a Randall-Sundrum braneworld . +0 We create synthetic color-magnitude diagrams matching the fundamental parameters of NGC 1818 , with different binary fractions and mass-ratio distributions . Employing artificial-star tests , we develop a simple method that can efficiently measure the probabilities of stellar blends and superpositions from the observed stellar catalog . +0 Second , the diffusion tensor of impurities immersed in a sheared inelastic Maxwell gas is explicitly determined from a perturbation solution through first order in the concentration gradient . First , the rheological properties ( shear and normal stresses ) are obtained by solving exactly the velocity moment equations . +0 We have found that the oscillation amplitude $ \kappa^0_ { xy } $ depends on temperature and magnetic field . For both crystals we observed a clear twofold variation in the field-angle dependence of $ \kappa_ { xy } ( \theta ) = - \kappa^0_ { xy } ( T , B ) \sin ( 2\theta ) $ . +0 Besides , the calculation of a physical amplitude show that the ameliorated cutting rules keeps the physical result gauge-parameter independent . The investigation helps us to find that the optical theorem has severe contradictions and problem , thus is n't right . +1 Bulk fluctuations of conserved charges measured by event-by-event analysis in relativistic heavy ion collisions are observables which are believed to carry significant amount of information on the hot medium created by the collisions . Active studies have been done recently experimentally , theoretically , and on the lattice . +0 Grain charging in a plasma containing electrons , protons and alpha particles with Maxwellian distributions is considered as an example problem . The Fokker-Planck equation has a Gaussian solution with a mean and variance governed by two initial-value differential equations involving the rates of the attachment of ions and electrons to the dust grain . +1 Purpose : This paper presents the preliminary results of a semi-automatic method for prostate segmentation of Magnetic Resonance Images ( MRI ) which aims to be incorporated in a navigation system for prostate brachytherapy . Methods : The method is based on the registration of an anatomical atlas computed from a population of 18 MRI exams onto a patient image . +1 It is postulated that the `` building blocks '' of the universe are not `` particles '' but are holistic wave-entitities which act and interact with other wave-entities as one would expect from waves . A new approach to model the free electron is presented . +0 The nanoparticle accelerates collective spontaneous emission similar how it accelerates spontaneous emission of single emitter . We consider an example of two emitters and show that radiation is occurred through symmetric states of emitters as it is in Dicke model of superradiance . +0 The fluorescence measurement is performed in place of the absorption spectroscopy when the sample transparency is too low for transmission measurements or the element to study is too diluted in the sample . It operates in the energy range 2.4-27 keV by using a silicon double reflection Bragg monochromator . +1 They can be absorbed ( in a right-sided formulation ) by replacing the axiom P , ( not P ) by Gamma , P , ( not P ) for any context Gamma , and replacing the original disjunction rule with Gamma , A , B implies Gamma , ( A or B ) . This paper presents a classical sequent calculus which is also free of contraction and weakening , but more symmetrically : both contraction and weakening are absorbed into conjunction , leaving the axiom rule intact . +1 Of phenomenological relevance is an analysis of the spectra of tau lepton decay on the energy interval [ 0 , M_tau ] and the low-energy hadron production in e+ e- annihilation . General arguments are given for the calculability of such moments in perturbation theory using both a finite-order analysis and infinite resummation on the contour . +0 Since the random valleys are numerically dominant and uniform in their macroscopic potential properties , only a few quenches are necessary to establish these properties . For a monatomic system , analysis of the potential surface is facilitated by the random and symmetric classification of potential energy valleys . +0 As a result of this , data rejection is made ; Bell 's inequality is violated , although the model is genuinely local . The `isolato ' hypothesis states that one of a pair of spin- $ { 1 } / { 2 } $ particles can be in `isolato ' mode in which the spin- $ { 1 } / { 2 } $ particle shuts itself from any external interactions , and hence it can never be detected . +1 The very high quality of the photometry and the good phase coverage enable us to obtain accurate Fourier decomposition of the ligh curves . As a consequence we confirm that the so-called s-Cepheids are overtone pulsators and represent about 30 $ \ % $ of our sample , whereas the Classical Cepheids are fundamental pulsators . +1 The analogy is complete if the medium is assumed to behave as fluid in shear motions , while it may still behave as elastic solid under compressional motions . Then the governing equations of the elastic fluid are re-derived in the Eulerian frame by replacing the partial time derivatives by the properly invariant ( frame indifferent ) time rates . +1 We apply empirical population synthesis techniques to samples of Starburst and HII galaxies in order to measure their evolutionary state and correlate the results with their emission line properties . A couple of useful tools are introduced which greatly facilitate the interpretation of the synthesis : ( 1 ) an evolutionary diagram , whose axis are the strengths of the young , intermediate age and old components of the stellar population mix , and ( 2 ) the mean age of stars associated with the starburst , $ \ov { t } _ { SB } $ . +0 One of these is a new Regge-Wheeler ( RW ) equation generalized for LRS space-times , whereas the remaining two are new generalizations of the Bardeen-Press ( BP ) equations . Ultimately , we derive 3 decoupled complex equations governing 3 complex scalars . +1 The present earth warming up is often explained by the atmosphere gas greenhouse effect . This explanation is in contradiction with the thermodynamics second law . +1 To explore its properties further we examine its behaviour in time-dependent situations . As a simple model we focus on null dust collapse in an asymptotically AdS spacetime , modeled by the Vaidya-AdS geometry . +1 The theory is quantized a la spin-foam by implementing the analogue of the simplicial constraints for the broken phase of the Spin ( 4 ) SO ( 4 ) symmetry . A natural 4D extension of the theory is shown . +0 In this work , we suggest a novel scheduling approach in which each base station , besides allocating the time and frequency according to given constraints , also manages its uplink power budget such that the aggregate interference , `` Noise Rise '' , caused by its subscribers at the neighboring cells is bounded . Yet , most common techniques either adopt classical power control , in which mobile stations are received with the same Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio , or use centralized schemes , in which base stations coordinate their allocations . +0 Finally , some numerical experiments are conducted which confirm the theoretical order of convergence . Based on a second order explicit method in time , a completely discrete scheme is examined and optimal error estimates are established with a mild condition on the space and time discretizing parameters . +1 The low energy excitation of the rotating D3-branes is thermodynamically stable up to a critical angular momentum density . This indicates that there is a corresponding phase transition of the $ { \cal N } $ =4 large $ N $ super Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature . +0 Conferences provide an opportunity for a fast dissemination of latest results , discussion and exchange of ideas , and broadening of scientists ' collaboration network . Participation in conferences is an important part of every scientific career . +1 To comprehend the role of such ices in the chemistry and evolution of dense molecular clouds and comets , it is necessary to understand the freeze-out , potential surface reactivity , and desorption mechanisms of such molecular systems . Consequently , there is a real need from within the astronomical modelling community for accurate empirical molecular data pertaining to these processes . +1 This physics sets clear physical scales for the fragmentation conditions and the properties of gravitationally bound clumps . Collapse of a fragment proceeds until the neutrons become degenerate ; a neutron star of mass ~0.1-1Msun may result . +0 The results provide a precise description of the quantum phases and universal thermodynamics which are applicable to experiments with cold fermionic atoms confined to one-dimensional tubes . For the three-component model , numerical solution of the dressed energy equations confirm that the analytical expressions for the critical fields and the resulting phase diagrams at zero temperature are highly accurate in the strong coupling regime . +0 Many certificateless authenticated key agreement protocols using bilinear pairings have been proposed . Certificateless public key cryptography simplifies the complex certificate management in the traditional public key cryptography and resolves the key escrow problem in identity-based cryptography . +0 TeV scale heavy neutrinos can also be accommodated to have a sizable mixing with the Standard Model light neutrinos , through which they can be produced and detected at the high energy colliders . Majorana and pseudo-Dirac heavy neutrinos are introduced into the type-I and inverse seesaw models , respectively , in explaining the naturally small neutrino mass . +1 If $ f\in L^'^ { \ , p } $ such that $ f $ is the distributional derivative of $ F\in L^p $ then the integral is defined as $ \int^\infty_ { -\infty } fG=-\int^\infty_ { -\infty } F ( x ) g ( x ) \ , dx $ , where $ g\in L^q $ , $ G ( x ) = \int_0^x g ( t ) \ , dt $ and $ 1/p+1/q=1 $ . A norm is $ \lVert f\rVert'_p=\lVert F\rVert_p $ . +0 More precisely , adopting the competitive analysis framework , we show that some online paging algorithms , despite having an optimal ( h , k ) -competitive ratio when capacity remains constant , are not ( 3 , k ) -competitive for any arbitrarily large k in the presence of minimal capacity fluctuations . It turns out that good performance in the `` classic '' case provides no performance guarantees when memory capacity fluctuates : roughly speaking , moving from static to dynamic capacity can mean the difference between optimality within a factor 2 in space and time , and suboptimality by an arbitrarily large factor . +1 We present the preliminary results of a survey for OH megamasers underway at the Arecibo Observatory . The goals of the survey are to calibrate the luminosity function of OH megamasers to the low-redshift galaxy merger rate ( 0.1 & lt ; z & lt ; 0.2 ) , and to use the enhanced sample of OH megamasers provided by the survey to study OH megamaser environments , engines , lifetimes , and structure . +0 ( This assertion , previously proved via dispersion relations , is described here by the temporal parameters of process . ) When $ \Delta\tau & lt ; 0 $ , these evanescent photons would be instantly tunneling from one light cone into another on the distance $ c| \Delta\tau| $ . +1 The aim of this work is to establish the fraction of AGN with relativistic Fe Kalpha lines , and study possible correlations with source physical properties . An XMM-Newton collection of 149 radio-quiet Type 1 AGN has been systematically and uniformly analyzed in order to search for significant evidence of a relativistically broadened Fe Kalpha line . +1 This establishes a direct connection between the well-known Torrey 's slow diffusion result and the fast diffusion result . We also perform free induction decay measurements on spin-exchange optically polarized $ ^3 $ He gas with different diffusion constants . +0 Most significantly , there seems to be an order of magnitude shortfall in the comoving density of metals which have been measured up to now compared with those produced by the star formation activity seen in Lyman break galaxies . Overall , our knowledge of metal abundances at high z is still very sketchy . +1 We will prove a decomposition for Wasserstein geodesics in the following sense : let $ ( X , d , m ) $ be a non-branching metric measure space verifying $ \mathsf { CD } _ { loc } ( K , N ) $ or equivalently $ \mathsf { CD } ^ { * } ( K , N ) $ . We prove that every geodesic $ \mu_ { t } $ in the $ L^ { 2 } $ -Wasserstein space , with $ \mu_ { t } \ll m $ , is decomposable as the product of two densities , one corresponding to a geodesic with support of codimension one verifying $ \mathsf { CD } ^ { * } ( K , N-1 ) $ , and the other associated with a precise one dimensional measure , provided the length map enjoys local Lipschitz regularity . +0 We work out an example of inflation based on a non-compact coset which makes predictions which are consistent with the current observational data . This result has applications in different contexts , such as in Composite Higgs scenarios and theories for the Early Universe . +0 Due to non-nuclear attractors , Bader 's quantum chemical topology could not assign NACs for some of these materials . Across a broad range of material types , the DDEC6 NACs reproduced electron transfer trends , core electron binding energy shift trends , and electrostatic potentials across multiple system conformations with excellent accuracy compared to other charge assignment methods . +1 Using a data clustering method to combine hadronic cross section data sets from different measurements we demonstrate that using all available experimental data up to c.m . energies of 10.538 GeV allows for determinations of experimental moments and their correlations with small errors and that there is no need to rely on theoretical input above the charmonium resonances . +1 The correct asymptotics originally came at the price of representing the solution in terms of charge-transfer variables instead of atomic charges . However , we have found an exact reformulation of fluctuating-charge models in terms of atomic charges again , which is made possible by the symmetries of classical electrostatics . +0 The channel includes liquid-hydrogen absorbers providing transverse and longitudinal momentum loss and high-gradient radiofrequency ( RF ) cavities for longitudinal reacceleration , all packed into a solenoidal magnetic channel . The muons will be produced by the decay of pions from a target dipping into the ISIS proton beam at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ( RAL ) . +1 Results show that is adequate to perform feature reduction and simultaneous improve the recognition rate . Moreover , the present methodology represents a robust strategy to understand the proper nature of the images treated , and their discriminant features . +1 We show that a prolate cloud oriented perpendicular to its orbital plane naturally produces a spread in angular momenta in the gas which can translate into misaligned discs as is seen in the young stars orbiting Sagittarius A* . A turbulent or otherwise highly structured cloud is necessary to avoid cancelling too much angular momentum through shocks at closest approach . +1 We develop a theory of the field of double Laurent series , iterated Laurent series , and Malcev-Neumann series that applies to most constant term evaluation problems . These include ( i ) MacMahon 's partition analysis , counting solutions of systems of linear Diophantine equations or inequalities , counting the number of lattice points in convex polytopes , ( ii ) evaluating combinatorial sums and their generating functions , and proving combinatorial identities , and ( iii ) lattice path enumeration such as walks on the slit plane and walks on the quarter plane . +1 We study the meson mass inequality quantitatively and define a susceptibility which allows us to systematically analyze the inequality . In the generalized Gross-Neveu model limit , we derive an analytic expression for this susceptibility . +0 It is shown that for an $ U_0 $ high barrier and low-energy electrons and holes , the mode transmission of charge carriers in this type of ribbons is described by the textbook formula , where the constant barrier is replaced by an effective , energy-dependent barrier , $ U_0\to U ( E ) $ . These expressions are obtained by matching wave functions at the interfaces between the regions , where quasiparticles have constant but different potential energies . +1 Perturbative expansions of QCD observables in powers of $ \alpha_s $ are believed to be asymptotic and non-Borel summable due to the existence of singularities in the Borel plane ( renormalons ) . This fact is connected with the factorization of scales ( which is inherent to QCD and asymptotic freedom ) and jeopardizes the convergence of the perturbative expansion and the accurate determination of power-suppressed corrections . +0 The basic idea works also for the superparticle in 11 dimensions . The use of free fields in the pure spinor formalism is justified from the first principle . +0 & lt ; l & lt ; = 30 deg. , for |b| & lt ; = 15 deg . & lt ; = l & lt ; = 360 deg.and 0 deg . +1 We suggest that this is partly because collisionless dynamics is also important and contribute to shaping the cluster properties . We show using time-scale and length-scale arguments that except for the very centers of clusters , collisionless dynamics should be more important than collisional . +0 It is well known , however , that the most extensively studied disk model -- an optically thick disk which is heated locally by the dissipation of gravitational binding energy -- is apparently contradicted by observations in a few major respects . Central to this picture is a putative accretion disk which is believed to be the source of the majority of the radiative output . +0 The algorithm belongs to the family of swept hull algorithms . The reduces the search time for adding new points . +0 Our analysis suggests that the CMB spectrum shape is mostly determined by $ \alpha^2m_e/m_p $ and the proton-CDM-particle mass ratio , $ m_p/\mchi $ . As expected , the spectrum depends only on \emph { dimensionless } combinations of the constants , and we emphasize the points that make this generally true for cosmological observables . +1 This relation induces an elliptic Lefschetz pencil structure on the four-manifold \cp $ # ( 9-k ) $ \cpb $ $ with $ k $ base points and twelve singular fibers . By blowing up the base points we get an elliptic Lefschetz fibration on the complex elliptic surface $ E ( 1 ) = $ \cp $ # 9 $ \cpb $ \to S^2 $ with twelve singular fibers and $ k $ disjoint sections . +1 If the parameter in question is the cardinality of $ X $ , Nathanson and Nash already obtained some of such upper bounds , which can be seen as polynomials in $ h $ with degree $ ( |X| + 1 ) $ . Here , by taking instead of the cardinality of $ X $ the parameter defined by $ d : = \frac { \diam ( X ) } { \gcd\ { x - y | x , y \in X\ } } $ , we show that the order of $ A \setminus X $ is bounded above by $ ( \frac { h ( h + 3 ) } { 2 } + d \frac { h ( h - 1 ) ( h + 4 ) } { 6 } ) $ . +1 High efficiency encapsulation of gold nanoparticles is achieved by a simple strategy : the nanoparticles synthesis occurs simultaneously with the ethosomes formation , in the absence of any undesirable reducing agents . A three-dimensional reconstruction of a gold-embedded ethosome generated by cryoelectron tomography reveals that the gold particle is localized inside the lipid bilayer , leaving the ethosome surface and core free for further functionalization . +1 There is great interest in hybrid organic-inorganic materials such as metal-organic frameworks ( MOFs ) . The compounds [ C ( NH $ _ { 2 } $ ) $ _ { 3 } $ ] M ( HCOO ) $ _ { 3 } $ , where M=Cu $ ^ { 2+ } $ or Cr $ ^ { 2+ } $ are Jahn-Teller ( JT ) active ions , are MOF with perovskite topology which crystallizes in polar space group Pna2 $ _ { 1 } $ . +1 These data , together with models of the spectral energy distribution , suggest a compact disk around GQ Lup A with mass $ \sim 3 $ M $ _ { Jup } $ , perhaps truncated by tidal forces . There is no evidence for a gap or hole in the disk that might be the signature of an additional inner companion body capable of scattering GQ Lup B out to $ \sim100 $ AU separation from GQ Lup A . +1 Time evolution of a nonequilibrium polariton condensate has been studied in the framework of a microscopic approach . It has been shown that due to polariton-polariton scattering a significant condensate depletion takes place in a comparatively short time interval . +1 Using methods of conformal partial wave analysis , we present a general procedure to study conformal four-point functions in terms of exchanges of scalar and tensor fields . The logarithmic terms in the four-point functions are connected to the anomalous dimensions of the exchanged fields . +1 Network inference approaches are widely used to shed light on regulatory interplay between molecular players such as genes and proteins . Biochemical processes underlying networks of interest ( e.g.gene regulatory or protein signalling networks ) are generally nonlinear . +0 Both results are supported by analysis of the Tohoku earthquake ( 11.03.2011 , M = 9 ) , as well as by the statistical analysis of the USGS earthquake catalog . The second property is the modulation of the aftershock sequence by the fundamental oscillation of the Earth 0S2 excited by the main shock . +0 Basing on these accurate data , we determine exact expansions of the critical free energy , internal energy and specific heat . The accuracy of the free energy reaches $ 10^ { -26 } $ . +0 Practical applications of cupolets already include data compression , secure communication , and image processing . Cupolets exhibit the interesting property that a given set of controls will uniquely identify a cupolet , independent of its initial condition . +0 Among solar neutrino experiments we identify SNO as the most promising candidate for constraining $ \theta_ { 12 } $ and make a projected sensitivity test for the mixing angle by reducing the error in the neutral current measurement at SNO . We find that the presence of matter effects in the survival probabilities for $ ^8B $ neutrinos give the solar neutrino experiments SK and SNO an edge over KamLAND , as far as $ \theta_ { 12 } $ sensitivity is concerned , particularly near maximal mixing . +1 In particular , the broadened widths of the profiles , together with large amplitude variations in the centroid velocity with elongation angle , indicate that a significant population of dust is on eccentric orbits . In addition , the wide , flat-bottomed line profile toward the ecliptic pole indicates a broad distribution of orbital inclinations extending up to about 30\dg - 40\dg with respect to the ecliptic plane . +0 We find that the WMAP and 2dF data alone can not rule out the evidence from neutrinoless double beta decay reported by the Heidelberg-Moscow experiment . ) , but this limit is dependent on priors . +1 Very recently , after Belgun and Moroianu conjectured that the number of factors was at most one , Matveev and Nikolayevsky found an example with two factors . When the non-flat factor has dimension 2 , we give a complete classification of the examples with two factors . +1 For d=2 conformal field theories , it is known that the entropy has a linear growth regime if the scale of the entangling region is large . In addition , the growth rate approaches a constant when the scale increases . +1 Our results show that the abundances of N2H+ , CS and H13 CO+ remain quite constant across the galaxy confirming that these species are excellent tracers of the dense molecular gas . On the contrary , the abundance of CN increases by a factor of 3 in the inner x2 bar orbits . +1 We study the bound states of a two dimensional free electron gas ( 2DEG ) subjected to a perpendicular inhomogeneous magnetic field . An analytical transfer matrix ( ATM ) based exact quantization formula is derived for magnetic fields that vary ( arbitrarily ) along one spatial direction . +0 The stars and dark halo are matched to NGC 4472 . After a few gigayears , when enough gas accumulates within the accretion shock , the de Vaucouleurs stellar system is constructed and the energy from Type II supernovae is released . +0 This result is new even for smooth coefficients , when it implies a criterion for the $ L^ { p } $ -contractivity of the corresponding semigroup . We prove that the algebraic condition $ |p-2| | & lt ; { \mathscr Im } { \mathscr A } \xi , \xi & gt ; | \leq 2 \sqrt { p-1 } & lt ; { \mathscr Re } { \mathscr A } \xi , \xi & gt ; $ ( for any $ \xi\in\mathbb { R } ^ { n } $ ) is necessary and sufficient for the $ L^ { p } $ -dissipativity of the Dirichlet problem for the differential operator $ \nabla^ { t } ( { \mathscr A } \nabla ) $ , where $ { \mathscr A } $ is a matrix whose entries are complex measures and whose imaginary part is symmetric . +1 Observations consisting of measurements on relationships for pairs of objects arise in many settings , such as protein interaction and gene regulatory networks , collections of author-recipient email , and social networks . Analyzing such data with probabilisic models can be delicate because the simple exchangeability assumptions underlying many boilerplate models no longer hold . +0 The zero metallicity supernova progenitors were compact blue stars and the amount of Rayleigh-Taylor induced mixing in them was greatly reduced compared with what was seen in the red supergiants with solar metallicity . Stars of 15 and 25 solar masses with both primordial and solar composition were modeled . +0 Generically , their partition function receives non-perturbative corrections which are not captured by the 't Hooft expansion . Some matrix models admit , on top of the usual 't Hooft expansion , an M-theory-like expansion , i.e.an expansion at large N but where the rest of the parameters are fixed , instead of scaling with N. These models , which we call M-theoretic matrix models , appear in the localization of Chern-Simons-matter theories , and also in two-dimensional statistical physics . +0 It is possible to associate an average bipartite entanglement ( $ \bar { \mathcal { S } } $ ) with each of these decompositions . By the consequence of Hughston-Jozsa-Wootters theorem , each basis set of local measurement on the third part will correspond to a particular decomposition of the bipartite mixed state into a weighted sum of pure states . +0 This is clearly manifested in the case of the SO ( 10 ) GUT , that is here investigated in detail . This new phenomenon could be very relevant in the case of exotic multiple horizon Nariai black holes and in the context of common grand unified theories . +1 We find that the anisotropic cosmic birefringence signal from any parity-violating processes is consistent with zero . The Faraday rotation from anisotropic cosmic birefringence can be compared with the equivalent quantity generated by primordial magnetic fields if they existed . +0 We show that optical spin and orbital angular momentum account respectively for the rotation of the polarisation and the rotation of the transmitted image . We find that in this more general case the wave equation inside the rotating medium has to be amended by a term which is connected to the orbital angular momentum of the light . +1 In 2007 , F { \ '' u } rer proved that there exists $ K\textgreater { } 1 $ and an algorithm performing thisoperation in $ O ( n \cdot \log n \cdot K^ { \log^* n } ) $ . Recent work by Harvey , van der Hoeven , and Lecerf showed that this complexity estimate can be improved in order to get $ K=8 $ , andconjecturally $ K=4 $ . +1 Our technique groups pixels lying between contours in an adaptively-smoothed image of a cluster . We select the contour levels to minimize the uncertainties in the colour ratios , whilst preserving the structure of the object . +1 We find that , despite the presence of a strong magnetic field , the bar can grow fast enough that for a modest initial perturbation ( at 5 % level ) a large aspect ratio is obtained during the isothermal phase of cloud collapse . The highly elongated bar is expected to fragment into small pieces during the subsequent adiabatic phase . +0 It is shown that cyclic structures of complex and real supergroups are defined by Brauer-Wall groups related with the modulo 2 and modulo 8 periodicities of the complex and real Clifford algebras . Supergroups are defined in the framework of $ \dZ_2 $ -graded Clifford algebras over the fields of real and complex numbers , respectively . +0 We identify a preferred choice that gives globally the best description . We constrain those two LECs by a fit to the A=3 system binding energy and investigate sensitivity of 4He , 6Li , 10,11B and 12,13C properties to the variation of the constrained LECs . +1 Here , we present a detailed study on low bias current-voltage ( I-V ) characteristic of graphene superlattice ( GSL ) resonant tunneling diode ( RTD ) with heterostructured substrate and series of grounded metallic planes placed over graphene sheet which induce periodically modulated Dirac gap and Fermi velocity barrier . We investigate the effect of GSL parameters on I-V characteristics within the Landauer-Buttiker formalism . +0 Our analysis is separated in 3 different cases : $ N=1 $ , $ N=2 $ , and $ N $ very large . In this paper , we explore the stability of an inverted pendulum under a generalized parametric excitation described by a superposition of $ N $ cosines with different amplitudes and frequencies , based on a simple stability condition that does not require any use of Lyapunov exponent , for example . +1 Our fringe visibility is as high as 38 % in this optically guided atom interferometer . We observe a time-of-flight in the waveguide of over half a second , demonstrating the utility of our optical guide for future sensors . +1 The aim of such studies is to provide a three dimensional imagining of the nucleon and a comprehensive description of semi-inclusive high energy reactions . By comparing with the theoretical framework that we have for the inclusive deep inelastic lepton-nucleon scattering and the one-dimensional imaging of the nucleon , we summarize what we need to do in order to construct such a comprehensive theoretical framework for semi-inclusive processes in terms of three dimensional gauge invariant parton distributions . +0 The average deficit in UV absorption amounts to 43 % for Arcturus whereas it is 9 % for the Sun . It is found that the local continuum in this spectral region is underestimated by an average of 12 % in the atlases of Arcturus . +1 However , beyond the concept of the system itself , the uncommon map ( despite its simplicity ) is the main innovative part of the system . The uncommon map helps to determine interest-points in a context-free manner . +0 Finally , we present some of the tools used to generate graph for representing practical networks . Then we describe how networks are modeled to investigate problems related to network protocols . +0 This is consistent with the well known Gnevyshev and Ohl rule or G-O rule of solar cycles , generally described by using the Zurich sunspot number ( Rz ) . We found that the amplitude of an even-numbered cycle of the number of large groups is smaller than that of its immediately following odd-numbered cycle . +1 Considering longitudinal waves , the exact dispersion relation in each homogeneous layer is first obtained and subsequently used within the transfer matrix method to derive an approximate dispersion relation for the overall periodic medium . The result is an amplitude-dependent elastic band structure that may be used to elucidate the interplay between the waveform steepening and spreading effects that emerge due to the nonlinearity and periodicity , respectively . +1 It also includes artificial stars for the tip-tilt and pupil guiding systems , as well as four metrology pick-up diodes , for tests and calibration of the corresponding sub-systems . The calibration unit also hosts the reference targets to align GRAVITY to the VLTI , and the safety shutters to avoid the metrology light to propagate in the VLTI-lab . +0 By retrieving the coherence length critical exponent \nu , we show that the QPT can be `` clean '' or `` dirty '' according to the Harris criteria , depending on whether the phase coherence length is smaller or larger than the island size . Depending on the 2DEG conductance tuned by the gate voltage , the QPT is single ( corresponding to the long range phase coherence in the whole array ) or double ( one related to local phase coherence , the other one to the array ) . +0 These authors confuse between statements of propositional logic . In particular , we observed that the indirect proof was not applied correctly . +0 The ultimate success of such a system , however , depends significantly upon the efficiency of selective event retrieval . These systems and their performance have been reported on elsewhere . +0 Moreover we show that if $ X $ is a rational normal curve than there always exists a label for the generic element . We show that in the case of generic identifiability there is an open dense euclidean subset of points with certain admissible rank for any possible label . +1 This work investigates phase separation of a monodisperse gas of inelastically colliding hard disks confined in a two-dimensional annulus , the inner circle of which represents a `` thermal wall '' . When described by granular hydrodynamic equations , the basic steady state of this system is an azimuthally symmetric state of increased particle density at the exterior circle of the annulus . +0 The agents are assumed to act independently of one another in optimizing their choice of possible actions via trial-and-error search . A continuous time model for multiagent systems governed by reinforcement learning with scale-free memory is developed . +1 Nitrogen is the fifth most abundant element in the Universe , yet the gas-phase chemistry of N-bearing species remains poorly understood . Nitrogen hydrides are key molecules of nitrogen chemistry . +0 The scaling behaviours are studied in different regimes depending upon whether the finite temperature or the finite sizes of the system is leading . Its alteration by the finite temperature and/or finite sizes in the space is studied . +0 A comparative analysis is presented under various conditions . The tracking error is measured using the recently proposed OSPA metric for tracks , adopted as the only known mathematically rigorous metric for measuring the distance between two sets of tracks . +1 No such extremely fast athermal concerted process has been reported before at ultra low temperatures . The outlined novel transient atomic exchange mechanism could be of general validity . +0 The transition to this new form of matter as well as properties of the plasma phase are studied in large scale numerical calculations based on the theory of strong interactions - Quantum Chromo Dynamics ( QCD ) . At high temperatures or densities matter formed by strongly interacting elementary particles ( hadronic matter ) is expected to undergo a transition to a new form of matter - the quark gluon plasma - in which elementary particles ( quarks and gluons ) are no longer confined inside hadrons but are free to propagate in a thermal medium much larger in extent than the typical size of a hadron . +0 In such a scenario $ \tilde u_1\to t \tilde\chi^0_1 $ is kinematically not allowed and searches for $ \tilde u_1\to W b \tilde\chi^0_1 $ and $ \tilde u_1\to c \tilde\chi^0_1 $ are performed . This decay mode is phenomenologically important if the mass difference between the lightest squark $ \tilde u_1 $ ( which is assumed to be mainly stop-like ) and the neutralino LSP $ \tilde \chi^0_1 $ is smaller than the top mass . +0 Quantum geo-encryption can also be used to realize quantum-computing instructions that can only be implemented at a specific location , and allow for a specified geographical data-route through a distributed network . Classical wireless communications can be invoked to unlock the quantum encryption process thereby allowing for any deployment scenario regardless of the channel conditions . +0 In this review paper , we describe in detail the Bethe ansatz for the XXX and the XXZ integrable close chain models . The integrable close and open chain models can be formulated in terms of generators of the Hecke algebras . +0 In this paper , we outline the physically motivated assumptions and key free parameters that go into the model , comparing and contrasting with other parallel efforts . We intend to predict the overall statistical properties of galaxies , with special emphasis on the panchromatic spectral energy distribution emitted by galaxies in the UV/optical and IR/submm wavelength ranges . +1 However , the quality of these motion paths , with respect to different quality measures such as path length , clearance , smoothness or energy , is often notoriously low . This problem is accentuated in the case of non-holonomic sampling-based motion planning , in which the space of feasible motion trajectories is restricted . +1 Write $ n $ in its binary representation $ n= ( b_i b_ { i-1 } ... b_1 b_0 ) _2 $ and set $ S_M ( n ) = \sum_ { t=0 } ^i t^ { \bar { M } } b_t 2^t $ . We analyze the average $ TS_M ( n ) = \frac { 1 } { n } \sum_ { j & lt ; n } S_M ( j ) $ . +0 An adjoint Higgs field which spontaneously breaks the SU ( 5 ) gauge symmetry is assumed to be involved with the localization process , splitting the wave functions of the color-triplet Higgs from its doublet counterpart . A novel mechanism to realize the triplet-doublet splitting in supersymmetric SU ( 5 ) grand unified theories is proposed in the framework of higher dimensional theories where chiral multiplets are localized due to kink configuration of a SU ( 5 ) singlet . +1 While geometry can explain the observed correlation , many radio sources comprise two radio lobes and so we model the projected area of a two component emitter intercepted by a foreground absorber . From this , the observed optical depth/linear size relationship is best reproduced through models which approximate either of the two Fanaroff & amp ; Riley classifications , although the observed scatter in the sample can not be duplicated using a single deprojected radio source size . +1 It also provides a natural formalism in which to relate the hole argument to the problem of time in classical and quantum gravity . In this paper , we examine the connection between these two much discussed problems in the foundations of spacetime theory along two interrelated lines . +1 We show that all these datasets exhibit diversity of perspective , a property seen in other collective systems and a criterion in wise crowds . Our experiments also confirm that the network of different perspective co-occurrences exhibits the small-world property with high clustering of different perspectives . +1 Here , we consider the growth of a network by preferential attachment from which nodes are simultaneously removed due to an SIR epidemic . We show that increased infectiousness increases the prevalence of the disease and simultaneously causes a transition from scale-free to exponential topology . +1 While these results do not challenge the suggested parameters , a 2^ ( n^epsilon ) approximation algorithm with epsilon & lt ; 2/3 for lattice basis reduction in n dimensions could be used to break these parameters . We have implemented our algorithm , and it performs better in practice than the theoretical analysis suggests . +1 The transverse ac drive can also be used to control switching in the longitudinal velocity response . We discuss how these effects could be used to create new types of devices such as current effect transistors . +1 An attempt to classify Bell inequalities for qubits is made , a weaker result ( classification with respect to Jevons group ) is obtained . The fractal structure of the classification is shown . +1 I will argue that recent cosmic-ray data , most notably from the Pamela and Fermi satellites , indicate that previously unaccounted-for powerful sources in the Galaxy inject high-energy electrons and positrons . Interestingly , this new source class might be related to new fundamental particle physics , and specifically to pair-annihilation or decay of galactic dark matter . +1 In this paper we propose a reliability analysis mechanism . The proposed reliability analysis scheme overcomes the shortcomings of existing cooperative black hole attack using AODV routing protocol . +1 The first improvement is the usage of a period function which is not one-to-one on its period . We show that even in this case Shor 's algorithm computes the period with constant probability . +1 In Chapter 2 of the Ph . D. dissertation by Behtash Babadi [ 2 ] , this error was fixed and a more detailed proof in the non-asymptotic regime was presented . +1 We use the method of representing the vacuum energy in terms of the Jost function on the imaginary momentum axis . Renormalization is carried out using the heat kernel expansion and zeta functional regularization . +0 Theories dating back to Weismann have suggested that the key must lie in the creation of increased variability in offspring , causing enhanced response to selection . The question as to why most higher organisms reproduce sexually has remained open despite extensive research , and has been called `` the queen of problems in evolutionary biology '' . +0 Under certain conditions , the same conclusion is valid for gaugino masses , which like A-terms , are then determined by anomalies . In contrast , A-terms receive highly suppressed gravity mediated contributions . +0 's is examined analytically and numerical solutions presented . The behaviour of the resulting system of o.d.e . +0 Measurement of relative sector probabilities and the distribution of distance between defect pairs are done to characterize the types of order ( topological or quasi-LRO ) exhibited by these models . These models have topological sectors labeled by group products along topologically non-trivial loops . +0 It is a classical analogue to the large difference between the one- and two-photon coherence lengths of entangled photon pairs . Its coherence length is about 22 times longer than that of the input laser pulses . +1 We show numerical results which are compatible with present experimantal data for the charmless B-meson decays . Specailly we predict the possibility of large direct CP violation effects in $ B^0 \to \pi^ { + } \pi^ { - } $ $ ( 23\pm7 % ) $ and $ B^0\to K^ { + } \pi^ { - } $ $ ( -17\pm5 % ) $ . +0 Indeed , such an inference would need detailed information about customer behavior , and might be clouded by modes of behavior such as herding ( following popularity ) or elitism , where customers avoid popular products . Yet inferring one from the other appears difficult . +0 We describe our target selection , mask design , observation and data reduction procedures , using these first 5 clusters to demonstrate how our strategies maximise the number of cluster members for which we obtain spectroscopy . We present spectroscopic observations of galaxies in 4 clusters at z = 0.7-0.8 and in one cluster at z~0.5 obtained with the FORS2 spectrograph on the VLT as part of the ESO Distant Cluster Survey ( EDisCS ) , a photometric and spectroscopic survey of 20 intermediate to high redshift clusters . +1 We describe a mean field interacting particle system in any number of dimensions and in a generic external potential as an ideal gas with fractional exclusion statistics ( FES ) . We define the FES quasiparticle energies , we calculate the FES parameters of the system and we deduce the equations for the equilibrium particle populations . +0 For each spectrum of the catalog , spectral subtype , radial velocity , equivalent width of H $ { \alpha } $ , a number of prominent molecular band indices and the metal sensitive parameter $ \zeta $ are provided . We present a spectroscopic catalog of 67082 M dwarfs from the LAMOST pilot survey . +0 The statistics of the turbulence is relatively insensitive to variations of all the edge parameters and show a certain degree of universality . It is found that the density profile is weakly affected by the edge density , it broadens when the current or the temperature are decreased while the connection length has the opposite effect . +1 Gravitational stability of a disc consisting of the gaseous and the stellar components are studied in the linear regime when the gaseous component is turbulent . A phenomenological approach is adopted to describe the turbulence , in which not only the effective surface density but the velocity dispersion of the gaseous component are both scale-dependent as power-law functions of the wavenumber of the perturbations . +1 Equilibrium states of a system at zero external field and fixed $ P $ and $ T $ are described by points in three-dimensional space with coordinates $ \eta $ , the order parameter , $ T $ , the temperature and $ \phi $ , the thermodynamic potential . These points form the so-called zero field curve in the $ ( \eta , T , \phi ) $ space . +0 At z & lt ; 0.4 we have obtained new observations of AGN candidates in six additional clusters and found no new luminous AGN in cluster members . The present sample now includes 32 clusters of galaxies , including 15 clusters above z=0.4 , which corresponds to a three-fold increase compared to our previous work at high redshift . +0 We show that for convex billiards of constant width with time reversal symmetry and `` almost '' chaotic dynamics the energy level distribution is of GUE-type . Here we present a class of systems which fail to follow this rule . +1 The diagonalization of the Hamiltonian on a finite Hilbert subspace gives a number of meaningful eigenvalues . Thus together with the ground state some excited states are also reliably approximated . +1 In `` A new proof of the completeness of the Lukasiewicz axioms '' } ( Transactions of the American Mathematical Society , 88 ) C.C . Chang proved that any totally ordered $ MV $ -algebra $ A $ was isomorphic to the segment $ A \cong \Gamma ( A^* , u ) $ of a totally ordered $ l $ -group with strong unit $ A^* $ . +0 Both include as a common backbone the experimental reactions rates of Caughlan & amp ; Fowler ( 1988 ) . 1987 ) are employed in pairs of calculations that are otherwise identical . +0 In this work , we outline a general protocol to construct objective-oriented persistent homology methods . However , such a success is essentially limited to qualitative data characterization , identification and analysis ( CIA ) . +0 We show that this identity may be transformed into geometric terms , relating each integer factorization $ an^2+bn+c=pq $ to a lattice point of the conic section $ aX^2+bXY+cY^2+X-nY=0 $ , and vice versa . For quadratics , the we prove that this recursive structure is equivalent to a Diophantine identity involving the product of two binary quadratic forms . +1 Ontology is designed for storing information about rapidly spreading and changing diseases with incorporating existing disease taxonomies to genetic information of both humans and infectious organisms . It further maps disease symptoms to diseases and drug effects to disease symptoms . +1 Via To\ '' en 's derived Morita theory , we identify Hochschild cohomology with derived endomorphisms of the diagonal curved module ; we compute the latter and get the expected result . Finally , we show that our categories are smooth , proper when the singular locus of W is proper , and Calabi-Yau when the total space X is Calabi-Yau . +1 In this { \it Letter } , we present the results of an analysis of a RXTE observation of a Z source GX~5-1 , where the 6 Hz NBO is simultaneously detected along with a HBO at 51 Hz . The variations in the intensity and the associated power density spectrum indicate that the HBO and NBO are strongly coupled , originating from the same location in the inner accretion disk . +1 The results show that the number of microstates decreases due to existence of an upper bound for the momentum of the test particles in the polymer framework . We obtain a corresponding canonical partition function by means of the deformed density of states . +1 We give an alternative proof of their result by constructing a certain Shintani datum . We also propose a refinement of Gross 's leading term conjecture by using the theory of Shintani data . +1 The phase diagram and other equilibrium observables , obtained from the real part of the effective potential , are calculated in the mean-field approximation . The obtained results are compared to those found with the so-called saddle-point approach . +0 We use this relationship to prove exponential lower bounds on the SDD size for representing a large class of problems that occur naturally as queries over probabilistic databases . We give strong lower bounds on the complexity of SDD representations by relating SDD size to best-partition communication complexity . +0 These approaches lead to propagation errors that may be very severe , particularly when dealing with videos that show the same region at disjoint time intervals . The majority of the approaches to the automatic recovery of a panoramic image from a set of partial views are suboptimal in the sense that the input images are aligned , or registered , pair by pair , e.g. , consecutive frames of a video clip . +1 The finiteness results give low -- dimensional parametrizations of Jacobians ( in $ \Pp^ { 3g-3 } $ for generic curves ) , described by $ 2\Theta $ functions or second logarithmic derivatives of theta . We interpret the Klein and Wirtinger maps in terms of opers on $ X $ . +1 We here discuss codifference as a convenient measure to study statistical interdependence , and we aim to give a short introductory review of its properties . By taking different known stochastic processes as generic examples , we present explicit formulas for their codifferences . +0 Importing the idea used in tight-binding ( TB ) models of a microscopic hopping that couples different regions , we are able to set up and solve an algebraic Dyson 's equation describing a graphene-superconductor junction . We microscopically analyze the boundary problem for the continuous Bogoliubov-de Gennes-Dirac ( BdGD ) equations and derive the Green functions for normal and superconducting graphene layers . +1 Using coherent-state techniques , we prove a sampling theorem for Majorana 's ( holomorphic ) functions on the Riemann sphere and we provide an exact reconstruction formula as a convolution product of $ N $ samples and a given reconstruction kernel ( a sinc-type function ) . We also discuss the effect of over- and under-sampling . +0 This paper discusses $ \widehat { \mathcal { D } } _k $ and related topics . By the Robertson-Seymour graph minor theorem , $ \mathcal { D } _k $ is characterised by a finite family of minor-minimal forbidden graphs , which we denote by $ \widehat { \mathcal { D } } _k $ . +0 Remarkably , an indistinguishable Fisher exponent and the same euclidean structure is obtained at the critical point of the random percolation model after absorbing all enclaves into their surrounding clusters . Intriguingly , it possesses both euclidean and scale-free structure with Fisher exponent smaller than $ 2 $ . +0 Introduction of Kr-83m allows for quick , periodic calibration of low background noble liquid detectors at low energy . The characteristics of the Kr-83m source are analyzed and shown to be appropriate for a low background liquid xenon detector . +1 Using magnetic force microscopy , the reversible preparation of a Landau state with four magnetic domains separated by N\'eel domain walls is confirmed . A local spin-wave excitation using a microstructured antenna is realized in one of the domains . +1 This letter addresses basic questions concerning ferroelectric order in positionally disordered dipolar materials . Three models distinguished by dipole vectors which have one , two or three components are studied by computer simulation . +1 We give criteria which specify exactly when A has real rank zero , and exactly when A has the Property ( SP ) : every nonzero hereditary subalgebra of A contains a nonzero projection . Specifically , A has real rank zero if and only if the natural map from K_0 ( A ) to the continuous affine functions on the tracial state space has dense range , A has the Property ( SP ) if and only if the range of this map contains strictly positive functions with arbitrarily small norm . +0 The simulation self-consistently produces 35 resolved black hole ( BH ) pairs at redshift z=2 , with a comoving distance smaller than 10kpc . To study the origin of such AGN pairs , we employ a cosmological , hydrodynamic simulation with a large volume of ( 182Mpc ) ^3 from the set of Magneticum Pathfinder Simulations . +0 EROS photometric data for this event are presented . A very long binary-lensing caustic crossing event , EROS-BLG-2000-5 , was found in the 2000 season and monitored by EROS . +0 In particular , luminescence and absorption spectra are computed for various levels of disorder and sample temperature to determine thermodynamic relations , the Stokes shift , and the radiative lifetime distribution . The band structure of the underlying ordered system is assumed to correspond to either a direct or an indirect semiconductor . +1 Background : The triple-alpha reaction is the key to our understanding about the nucleosynthesis and the observed abundance of $ ^ { 12 } $ C in stars . The theory of this process is well established at high temperatures but rather ambiguous in the low temperature regime where measurements are impossible . +0 A similarly good fit is given by a $ \tau\propto r^ { 0.72\pm0.01 } $ ratio between cooling and free-fall times . Using deprojected 16 clusters and 12 groups from the literature , we find that $ K\propto r^ { 0.96\pm0.01 } $ , consistent with the mean power-law index $ ( 0.9\mbox { -- } 1.1 ) $ of previous studies . +0 We also determine Gamma ( psi ( 3770 ) - & gt ; gamma chi_c1 ) /Gamma ( psi ( 3770 ) - & gt ; pi+pi-J/psi ) =1.5+-0.3+-0.3 ( & gt ; 1.0 at 90 % C.L . upper limits for the transition to chi_c2 ( chi_c0 ) : sigma x BR & lt ; 5.7 pb ( & lt ; 282 pb ) and BR & lt ; 0.9 x 10^-3 ( & lt ; 44 x 10^-3 ) . +1 Moreover , we remind that this classical Cosmology did not solve the enigma of the nature of dark matter , nor the enigma of its invisibility , nor the enigma of the constancy of the curve of velocities of stars in a galaxy . Consequently it appears that a new Cosmology , alternative to the classical Cosmology , is necessary , at least in the field of dark matter . +1 This temperature is much greater than its virial value and the hot cloud expands at roughly the sound speed ( ~0.1c ) , after which it begins to accelerate on a parsec scale to relativistic velocities . In earlier work , the emission from the extended jet has been modeled successfully using nonthermal synchrotron self-Compton processes , with a self-absorbed inner core . +1 We fit single-temperature modified blackbodies to far-infrared and submillimeter measurements of the central and disk regions of galaxies to determine the temperature of the component ( s ) emitting at those wavelengths . We present the ratio of central-region-to-disk-temperatures of the cool dust component of 13 nearby galaxies as a function of morphological type . +1 First , the rheological properties ( shear and normal stresses ) are obtained by solving exactly the velocity moment equations . Second , the diffusion tensor of impurities immersed in a sheared inelastic Maxwell gas is explicitly determined from a perturbation solution through first order in the concentration gradient . +0 In this case , the dependence of the soft terms on the Yukawas and Wilson lines drops out . Soft SUSY breaking terms for these models are calculated in the u - moduli dominant SUSY breaking approach ( in type IIA ) . +1 We consider , in a string theory framework , physical processes of phenomenological interest in models with a low string scale . The amplitudes we study involve tree-level virtual gravitational exchange , divergent in a field-theoretical treatment , and massive gravitons emission , which are the main signatures of this class of models . +0 We consider two types of distortion for reconstruction : support errors and mean-squared errors . We consider two settings : output noise models where the noise enters after the projection and input noise models where the noise enters before the projection . +0 Due to their importance in physics , and in particular in the string theory , orbifolds have been drawing more and more attention . Orbifolds were defined by Satake , as V-manifolds , then studied by W. Thurston , who introduced the term `` orbifold '' . +1 We use data from a particularly well-resolved simulation of accretion onto a non-spinning black hole to compute both the radiative efficiency of such a flow and its spectrum if all emitted light is radiated with a thermal spectrum whose temperature matches the local effective temperature . This disk is geometrically thin enough ( H/r ~= 0.06 ) that little heat is retained in the flow . +0 We discuss in details two-components ( P-odd ) and four-components ( P-even ) fermion fields . We investigate ( 2+1 ) -dimensional QED coupled with Dirac fermions both at zero and finite temperature . +0 We observe a time-of-flight in the waveguide of over half a second , demonstrating the utility of our optical guide for future sensors . Our fringe visibility is as high as 38 % in this optically guided atom interferometer . +1 We have determined precisely the stability region of various crystallographic phases at room temperature for ( 1-x ) Bi ( Ni1/2Ti1/2 ) O3-xPbTiO3 . Structural transformation from pseudo-cubic to tetragonal phase is observed via phase coexistence region demarcating the morphotropic phase boundary region . +0 We begin by defining belief in terms of knowledge and plausibility : an agent believes p if he knows that p is more plausible than its negation . In this paper we propose a general framework in which to model belief change . +1 We describe the University of Sheffield system used in the TempEval-2 challenge , USFD2 . The challenge requires the automatic identification of temporal entities and relations in text . +1 Here , a new multiparameter conformal mapping method is presented that can map any arbitrary section onto a unit circle with good accuracy . The procedure for finding the corresponding mapping coefficients is iterative . +1 We investigate the ground-state phase diagram of the soft-core Bose-Hubbard model with the nearest-neighbor repulsion on a square lattice by using an unbiased quantum Monte Carlo method . In contrast to the previous study [ P. Sengupta { \it et.al . } , Phys.Rev.Lett . +1 The comoving source has a projected separation of 130 '' , corresponding to 2500 AU at the distance of the primary ( 19.2 pc ) . If it is physically associated , then its absolute magnitude at 4.5um is ~1 mag fainter than the faintest known T dwarfs , making it a strong candidate for the coolest known brown dwarf . +0 The most strongly HI deficient ( HI Def & gt ; 0.4 ) galaxies are located inside a radius of 30 arcmin ( aprox 0.6 Mpc ) from the center of Coma , roughly the extent of the central X-ray emission . The HI detected , yet deficient galaxies show a strong correlation in their HI properties with projected distance from the cluster center . +0 We provide an $ O ( n^3 ) $ -time algorithm that solves this variant , where $ n $ is the number of clients . We study the variant of the problem in which clients can enter and exit the highway at any point . +1 By viewing the world input-output system as an interdependent network where the nodes are the individual industries in different economies and the edges are the monetary goods flows between industries , we study the network properties of the so-called world input-output network ( WION ) and document its evolution over time . We are able to quantify not only some global network properties such as assortativity , clustering coefficient , and degree and strength distributions , but also its subgraph structure and dynamics by using community detection techniques . +0 These limits serve as criteria for selection of those theoretical models which predict \alpha and \mu variation with the cosmological time . The corresponding upper limits to the time-average rates of the constant variations are |d\alpha/ ( \alpha dt ) | & lt ; 1.6\times 10^ { -14 } yr^ { -1 } and |d\mu/ ( \mu dt ) | & lt ; 2.2\times10^ { -14 } yr^ { -1 } . +1 The nuclear medium nevertheless affects the mesonic decays of charm hypernucleus because the nuclear mean fields modify the masses of the charm hyperon . In the present communication we present results of a first investigation of the effects of finite baryon density on different weak mesonic decay channels of the $ \Lambda^+_c $ baryon . +1 The Ba3Cu3In4O12 stands for unique topology of the magnetic subsystem . It consists of rotated by 90\Box $ ^b $ relative to each other `` paper-chain '' columns made of vertex-sharing CuIO4 and CuIIO4 planar units . +0 Our theoretical analysis indicates that the interaction of biophotons and microtubules causes transitions/fluctuations of microtubules between coherent and incoherent states . We have investigated the interaction of mitochondrial biophotons with microtubules from a quantum mechanical point of view . +1 We provide a topological characterization of attractors and repellers and prove Morse inequalities . The generalization aims at algorithmic analysis of dynamical systems through combinatorialization of flows given by differential equations and through sampling dynamics in physical and numerical experiments . +1 The second type of coseismic event , the transient magnetic signal starts simultaneously with the offset event and reaches amplitude of 0.8 nT in the total magnetic field . The signal is local one , in the sense that its form differs from the signals of ionospheric/magnetospheric origin confirmed ( indirectly ) by additional magnetic field data in Italy and Central Europe . +0 We compare fully nonlinear and conformally flat spacetime evolution methods and find that the conformally flat treatment is sufficiently accurate for the core-collapse supernova problem . We present results from the first 2D and 3D simulations of the collapse of rotating stellar iron cores in general relativity employing a finite-temperature equation of state and an approximate treatment of deleptonization during collapse . +1 The total survey area is 2.1 square degrees , corresponding to a comoving volume of 1.6 x 10^6 Mpc^3 . Using a uniform detection threshold of 1.4 x 10^ { -18 } erg s^ { -1 } cm^ { -2 } arcsec^ { -2 } for the Ly-alpha images , we construct a sample of 14 LAB candidates with major-axis diameters larger than 100 kpc , including five previously known blobs and two known quasars . +0 We investigate in detail the minimal model with a new real singlet scalar which condenses and mixes with the Higgs . A plausible option , which does not rely on supersymmetry , is that the Higgs in fact has a much larger tree level quartic coupling than in the Standard Model , which is possible with an extended scalar sector . +0 Temperature-programmed desorption ( TPD ) experiments prove that EUV radiation results in water dissociation on the graphene surface . Raman spectroscopy shows that D peak intensities grow after EUV irradiation with increasing water partial pressure in the exposure chamber . +0 This leads to a substantial generalization of the notion of monomial scheme ; we call the resulting schemes `c.i.monomial ' . The normal crossings condition considered by Goward is weakened to the condition that components of the generating divisors meet as complete intersections . +1 We also introduce corrections to the scattering lengths that improve the accuracy of our quantum-defect model for higher order partial waves , a particularly important result for an accurate description of shape and Feshbach resonances at finite temperature . The theory is applied to the system composed of a 40Ca+ ion and a Na atom , and compared to numerical coupled-channel calculations carried out using ab initio potentials . +0 Then on the one hand , we have the finitely generated abelian group E ( Q ) , on the other hand , there is the Shafarevich-Tate group Sha ( Q , E ) . Let E be an elliptic curve over Q ( or , more generally , a number field ) . +1 However , in a larger magnetic field this relaxation becomes oscillating . The phenomenon is related to the statistical dependence of the components of transformed random force caused by the simultaneous influence of magnetic field and anisotropic dissipation . +0 We discuss the application of TMine to the next iteration of the event analysis ( Pass 8 ) , the LAT charged particle analyses , and the classification of unassociated LAT gamma-ray sources . TMine provides a visual development environment for the LAT event analysis and utilizes advanced multivariate classification algorithms implemented in ROOT . +1 Herein , we perform in vitro and in vivo radiosensitization studies of 4.8 , 12.1 , 27.3 , and 46.6 nm PEG-coated gold nanoparticles . In vitro results show that all sizes of the PEG-coated gold nanoparticles can cause a significant decrease in cancer cell survival after gamma radiation . +1 The Helfrich functional , denoted by H^ { c_0 } , is a mathematical expression proposed by Helfrich ( 1973 ) for the natural free energy carried by an elastic phospholipid bilayer . Helfrich theorises that idealised elastic phospholipid bilayers minimise H^ { c_0 } among all possible configurations . +0 We study quantum transport through such nanostructures with an almost degenerate spectrum . In a single-molecule junction , these degeneracies are lifted by various symmetry-breaking effects . +1 In our analysis , we pursue the simplest physical description of the dominant features in the radiation , providing an interpretation of the waveforms in terms of an { \em implicit rotating source } . This interpretation applies uniformly to the full wave train , from inspiral through ringdown . +0 In case ( i ) the probability distributions are computed using the appropriate local universality class , uncorrelated levels for integrable systems and random matrix theory for chaotic ones . Depending on the chaotic or integrable nature of the underlying classical dynamics , on the thermodynamic function considered , and on temperature , we find that the probability distributions are dominated either ( i ) by the local fluctuations of the single-particle spectrum on the scale of the mean level spacing , or ( ii ) by the long-range modulations of that spectrum produced by the short periodic orbits . +1 A uniquely $ k $ -colorable graph $ G $ is edge-critical if $ G-e $ is not a uniquely $ k $ -colorable graph for any edge $ e\in E ( G ) $ . Mel'nikov and Steinberg [ L. S. Mel'nikov , R. Steinberg , One counterexample for two conjectures on three coloring , Discrete Math . +0 As an example , we found that the fourth-order Runge-Kutta/Predictor-Corrector method was slow but accurate , and that it passed all the benchmarks it was tested against , often to the sub-part per billion level . Initial discrepancies in the comparisons indicated the need for improvement of several of the analytical estimates . +1 The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in an ionized plasma is considered with a focus on the generation of magnetic field via the Biermann battery mechanisms . The problem is studied through direct numerical simulations of two counter-directed flows in 2D geometry . +1 The solution of linear inverse problems when the unknown parameters outnumber data requires addressing the problem of a nontrivial null space . After restating the problem within the Bayesian framework , a priori information about the unknown can be utilized for determining the null space contribution to the solution . +1 Due to this the frequency of parametric resonance becomes time dependent , making the reheating process especially effective . All fields including the gravitational field are initially simplified by expanding each in terms of the respective homogeneity or inhomogeneity . +1 We emphasize that SN Ia evolution differs in an important respect from the kind of evolution that has foiled some past projects in observational cosmology , and we outline empirical strategies that will take it into account . The supporting role of physical models of SNe Ia also is discussed . +0 The main aim of this paper is to show a relation between this invariant and the Molien series of $ G $ , which can be thought of as an incarnation of the McKay correspondence . We study properties of the Hirzebruch class of quotient singularities $ C^n/G $ , where $ G $ is a finite matrix group . +1 In the constant rate mode including a temporary stop at a temperature $ T_a $ , the memory of the aging at $ T_a $ was found to be kept and then to be recalled during the subsequent heating process . In the negative temperature cycling process , a strong rejuvenation effect has been observed after the temperature shift from the initial temperature $ T_1 $ to the second temperature $ T_2 $ ( $ =T_1+\Delta T $ ) when $ \Delta T\approx -20 $ K . +1 We found that under some conditions the molecules reverse their spin direction at a resonance field in the form of an avalanche . The avalanche front velocity is of the order of $ 1 $ m/sec and is sensitive to field gradients and sweep rates . +1 The manifolds studied in our earlier papers had zero Euler characteristics . We construct new examples of non-Kahler complex manifolds with torsion in lower dimensions , that have non-zero Euler characteristics . +0 We make use of the analysis using the known relations for the Painlev\ ' { e } equations to construct explicit formulae in terms of the Umemura polynomials which are $ \tau $ -functions for rational solutions of the third Painlev\ ' { e } equation . We perform the Painlev\'e test and analyse the possibility of deriving the B\ '' acklund transformation from the singularity analysis of the complex Sine-Gordon equation . +0 For N=3 and 4 we confirm its \omega^3 rise at low frequency . In the ordered side , the scalar spectral function exhibits a universal peak at the Higgs mass . +0 At ambient pressure the resistivity shows a prominent Kondo effect . We report the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the resistivity of the heavy fermion Kondo lattice compound Yb $ _2 $ Fe $ _3 $ Si $ _5 $ in the temperature range 2-300 K and in pressures upto 10 Kbar . +0 Discovering the covert nodes is defined as identifying the suspicious logs where the covert nodes would appear if the covert nodes became overt . They affect social interactions , but do not appear in the surveillance logs which record the participants of the social interactions . +0 Unfortunately , the set of equations is ill-behaved in most practical applications , depending on the number of propagated Gaussian wave packets , and methods for regularization are needed . Applying a time dependent variational principle , the time evolution of the parameters of the coupled Gaussian wave packets can be calculated from a set of ordinary differential equations . +1 Compressed sensing is a signal processing method that acquires data directly in a compressed form . This allows one to make less measurements than what was considered necessary to record a signal , enabling faster or more precise measurement protocols in a wide range of applications . +0 The most investigated technologies are reviewed : topographic , phase-change , magnetic , ferroelectric and atomic and molecular storage . This topical review gives a comprehensive overview of the main contributions that led to the major accomplishments in probe-based data storage . +0 In each decay mode the invariant mass spectra of the charmed mesons and the baryons are compared with a pure phase-space hypothesis in order to gain insight into the $ B $ meson decay dynamics . The following branching fractions are also determined : $ { \cal B } ( B^0 \to D^ { *- } p { \bar p } \pi^+ ) = ( 5.61\pm 0.59\pm 0.73 ) \times 10^ { -4 } $ , $ { \cal B } ( B^0 \to { \bar D } ^ { *0 } p { \bar p } ) = ( 0.67\pm 0.21\pm 0.09 ) \times 10^ { -4 } $ , and $ { \cal B } ( B^0 \to { \bar D } ^ { 0 } p { \bar p } ) = ( 1.24\pm 0.14\pm 0.12 ) \times 10^ { -4 } $ . +0 Our results are in good agreement with the previous theoretical predictions . The bending rigidity and spontaneous curvature are investigated for anchored ideal and excluded-volume polymer chains . +1 We point out the somewhat surprising fact that decoherence can be useful , indeed necessary , for practical quantum computation , in particular , for the effective erasure of quantum memory in order to initialize the state of the quantum computer . The essential point behind the deleter is that the environment , by means of a dissipative interaction , furnishes a contractive map towards a pure state . +1 Kholmetskii and O.V.Missevitch . Going from classical to quantum description of bound charged particles . +1 The de-mixing matrix parameters are confined to a Stiefel manifold of tall , orthogonal matrices and we introduce a natural gradient variant of the algorithm which is appropriate to learning on this manifold . For large input dimension the parameter trajectory of both algorithms passes through a sequence of unstable fixed points , each described by a diffusion process in a polynomial potential . +0 From these we extract the $ \eta_c $ decay constant in the factorization approximation , $ f_ { \eta_c } = 335 +- 75 $ MeV . We measure branching fractions $ BR ( B^+\to\eta_c K^+ ) = ( 0.69 + 0.26 - 0.21 +- 0.08 +- 0.20 ) \times 10^ { -3 } $ and $ BR ( B^0\to\eta_c K^0 ) = ( 1.09 + 0.55 - 0.42 +- 0.12 +- 0.31 ) \times 10^ { -3 } $ , where the first error is statistical , the second is systematic and the third is from the $ \eta_c $ branching fraction uncertainty . +1 The result is obtained first for a small-sized system and its validity is checked against the numerical calculation . Then the general expression is found which is valid for arbitrary size of the system . +1 We implement a new algorithm for listing all maximal cliques in sparse graphs due to Eppstein , L\ '' offler , and Strash ( ISAAC 2010 ) and analyze its performance on a large corpus of real-world graphs . Our analysis shows that this algorithm is the first to offer a practical solution to listing all maximal cliques in large sparse graphs . +0 As pressure increases the Raman spectrum undergoes significant changes around 6.9 GPa due to the onset of the structural phase transition to the monoclinic BaWO4-II phase ( space group P21/n ) . We report the pressure dependence of all the Raman-active first-order phonons of the tetragonal scheelite phase ( BaWO4-I , space group I41/a ) , which is stable at normal conditions . +1 We use a high resolution $ \Lambda $ CDM numerical simulation to calculate the mass function of dark matter haloes down to the scale of dwarf galaxies , back to a redshift of fifteen , in a 50 $ h^ { -1 } $ Mpc volume containing 80 million particles . Our low redshift results allow us to probe low $ \sigma $ density fluctuations significantly beyond the range of previous cosmological simulations . +1 In particular , the proof of this theorem does not use any deep results in Teichmueller theory , Kleinian group theory , or the coarse geometry of A ( F , p ) . A similar result holds for quasi-Fuchsian manifolds N = ( F x R ) . +1 We explore a more general class of models based on the addition to the action of terms proportional to $ R_ { \mu\nu } \ , \Box^ { -2 } R^ { \mu\nu } $ and $ C_ { \mu\nu\rho\sigma } \ , \Box^ { -2 } C^ { \mu\nu\rho\sigma } $ , where $ C_ { \mu\nu\rho\sigma } $ is the Weyl tensor . We find that the term $ R_ { \mu\nu } \ , \Box^ { -2 } R^ { \mu\nu } $ does not give a viable background evolution . +0 The relations between the loss factors ( wakefields ) and the structure geometrical dimensions are well established . From these analytical formulae on can get the delta function wakefields . +1 The conservative version , instead , behaves like a random graph . Besides indicating the robustness of the model to describe earthquake dynamics , those findings reinforce that conservative and non conservative versions of the OFC model are qualitatively different . +1 Dead objects that are reachable from program variables are not reclaimed . In this paper we describe our experiments to measure the effectiveness of garbage collection in MIT/GNU Scheme . +1 Extending the analysis of previous works on the subject of boundary conditions in ( supersymmetric ) Chern-Simons theory , we discuss in detail the field theory construction of a large class of Chern-Simons domain wall theories and its embedding in open string dynamics . Finally , we exhibit how standard brane moves that result to 3d Seiberg duality , translate in our setup to a generalized level-rank duality in gauged-WZW models . +0 Combining detailed modelling of the 3 - 100 micron spectral energy distributions with mid-IR spectral diagnostics and near-infrared observations , we find broad support for the unified model of AGNs . We present results from an infrared study of 87 nearby Seyfert galaxies using the Spitzer Space Telescope and ground-based telescopes . +0 Due to strong hybridization the O 2p states are polarized , giving rise to extended localized magnetic moments centered at the high-spin sites . The observed alternation of low- and high-spin states along the Co-Rh and Fe-Rh chains is related to differences in the oxygen coordination of the transition metal sites . +0 Analysis using the maximally-localized-Wannier-function technique indicates that the xy orbital becomes more localized as the As-Fe-As angle decreases . We find that one of the hole-like Fermi surfaces is missing around the Gamma point compared to the case of LaFeAsO . +0 This is comparable with the time scale of the photometric flickering observed in this object . We report our search for variability in the H-alpha emission line of the recurrent novae T CrB with time resolution 10-15 minutes . +1 We give results for the behaviour of the AIC for the logistic map . Since the AIC is not a computable function we use , as approximation of the AIC , a notion of information content given by the length of the string after it has been compressed by a compression algorithm , and in particular we introduce a new compression algorithm called CASToRe . +1 Analysis of the rotation measure ( RM ) data shows cluster-generated Faraday RM excess out to ~0.5 Mpc from cluster centers . The results , combined with RM imaging of cluster-embedded sources and ROSAT X-ray profiles indicates that the hot intergalactic gas within these `` normal '' clusters is permeated with a high filling factor by magnetic fields at levels of & lt ; |B| & gt ; = 5-10 ( l/10 kpc ) ^ { -1/2 } microGauss , where l is the field correlation length . +0 Zygomaticus major ( ZYG , `` smiling '' muscle ) activity , corrugator supercilii ( COR , `` frowning '' bmuscle ) activity , and phasic skin conductance ( PHSC , sweating ) levels of 65 participants were recorded during experiments that involved exposure to emotional stimuli ( i.e. , IAPS images , reading and writing messages on an artificial online discussion board ) . Here we present studies of fluctuations in facial electromyography ( fEMG ) and electrodermal activity ( EDA ) massive time series and changes of such signals in the course of emotional stimulation . +1 We use numerical simulations in a Lambda CDM cosmology to model density profiles in a set of 16 dark matter haloes with resolutions of up to 7 million particles within the virial radius . These simulations allow us to follow robustly the formation and evolution of the central cusp over a large mass range of 10^11 to 10^14 M_sun , down to approximately 0.5 % of the virial radius , and from redshift 5 to the present . +1 Despite the large luminosity difference , the two components of the system are of very simmilar mass . The primary , a K0-giant , fills a large fraction of its Roche-lobe . +0 More specifically , let $ \boldsymbol { \Omega } $ be the precision matrix and $ \mathcal { S } $ be a given index set of interest . We consider the statistical inference for precision matrices with ultra high-dimensional time dependent observations . +0 At the upper threshold , on the other hand , a single unbounded cluster forms which overwhelms all the others and occupies a finite fraction of the volume as well as of the boundary connections . This transition is of the same type and has the same finite-size scaling properties as the corresponding transition for the Cayley tree . +1 Finally variability of local permeability at the microscale level is determined . The first set of results reveals that ( 1 ) the relationship between the local areal density and local thickness in a woven carbon-epoxy composite is modelled by a bivariate normal distribution , ( 2 ) while fibre volume fraction follows a normal distribution , permeability follows a gamma distribution , ( 3 ) this work also shows that there is significant agreement between the analytical approach and the simulation results . +0 In the context of such abstract integration theories we outline a connection with the combinatorics of rooted trees . We show how it is used in an abstract algebraic approach to the definition of integrals over paths which involves a cochain complex of finite increments . +1 For small values of alpha , the function is close to exponential for all times , irrespective of beta . The function is also close to an exponential when beta is near unity , irrespective of alpha . +0 The main result of this paper is a proof of a strengthened form of Galvin 's conjecture , covering the case $ n\leq 2d $ as well . In this paper , we give a lower bound on the number of independent sets in a $ d $ -regular graph mirroring the upper bound in the Kahn-Zhao theorem . +0 Strong constrains between these exchange energies are established . Experimental data are reproduced with a set of `` competing '' exchange energies closed to J1 = -12K , J2= -4K and Jd=15.6K , where Jd is the third neighbor exchange energy across the hexagon . +0 The construction starts with a triangulation of the punctured Riemann surface and a further tessellation of all the triangles . Combinatorial methods are developed to find the cluster coordinates for moduli space of flat connections which is describing the Coulomb branch of higher rank N=2 theories derived by compactifying six dimensional ( 2,0 ) theory on a punctured Riemann surface . +1 We demonstrate that the Dirac theory requires short-distance regularization for potentials which are more singular than 1/r . The formalism is then applied to scattering off a smooth short-ranged potential . +0 We summarize results obtained on the macro-evolutionary dynamics of speciations and extinctions , and on the statistical properties of the food webs that are generated by the model . The set of species present undergoes long-term evolution due to speciation and extinction events . +0 In this paper we show that the obvious approach for eliminating reflections , making the channel mildly conductive outside the domain of interest , is inaccurate . Generating absorbers for these channels is a new problem for SIE methods , as the methods were initially developed for problems with finite surfaces . +0 One of the aim of this let ter is to interpret the quantum fidelity as an algebraic law . In quantum information theory , for $ a , b $ two positive operators living in $ B ( \mathcal { H } ) $ , where $ \mathcal { H } $ is a separable Hilbert space , the quantum fidelity is denoted by $ a*b = ( b^ { 1/2 } ab^ { 1/2 } ) ^ { 1/2 } $ . +0 We perform on it moderate-quality X-ray spectral and hardness ratio analysis , and X-ray/optical photometry . We investigate the X-ray emission of a large BALQSO sample at medium to high redshift ( 0.8 & lt ; z & lt ; 3.7 ) , drawn from the cross-correlation of SDSS DR5 and 2XMM catalogs . +0 The results show that the Eu3+ and Li+ ions are incorporated mainly at the Gd3+ site . We predicted the most probable sites occupied by Eu3+ and Li+ ions and the related charge-compensation mechanisms involved into these substitutions . +1 The converse for each result is based on developing a novel rank-ratio inequality that characterizes the maximum ratio between the dimensions of received linear subspaces at the two multiple-antenna receivers . The achievability of the linear sum DoF is based on a three-phase strategy , in which during the first two phases only the transmitter with fewer antennas exploits delayed CSIT in order to minimize the dimension of its signal at the unintended receiver . +0 Using this , it is proved that there is no genuine compact quantum group which can act faithtully on $ C ( M ) $ such that the action leaves invariant the linear span of the above cordinate functions . We prove that the `coordinate functions ' $ \ { f_i , i=1 , \ldots , n \ } $ , ( where $ f_i ( g ) : =\lambda_i ( { \rm Ad } _g ( H_1 ) ) $ , $ \ { \lambda_1 , \ldots , \lambda_n\ } $ is basis of $ \clg^\prime $ ) are `quadratically independent ' in the sense that they do not satisfy any nontrivial homogeneous quadratic relations among them . +0 We achieve this by significantly improving the Kepler-solver and ensuring numerical stability of coordinate transformations to and from Jacobi coordinates . WHFast is significantly faster and conserves energy better than all other Wisdom-Holman integrators tested . +0 We investigate in detail a quiescent filament on 2003 September 10 and 11 . We present a selected few cases in which the sense of chirality of filament barbs changed within as short as hours . +1 However , current countermeasures seem to be no longer effective . Thus , it is our belief that it is now time for researchers and security experts to turn to nature in the search for novel inspirations for defense systems . +0 With the exception of gaps between detector elements , the entire galaxy is surveyed in r ' and i ' , while the J and Ks data extend out to 6 kpc ( 7 disk scale lengths ) . The spatial distribution of stars in the nearby S0 galaxy NGC 5102 is investigated using images obtained with WIRCam and MegaCam on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope . +0 However , the degeneracy between close and wide binary solutions can not be resolved with a $ 3\sigma $ confidence level for 3 events , implying that the degeneracy would be an important obstacle in studying binary distributions . The perturbations , which are confined near the peak of the light curves , can be easily distinguished from the central perturbations caused by planets . +1 We show that the minimum edge length is a spectral invariant . We give an upper bound for the size of isospectral families in terms of the total edge length of the quantum graphs . +0 The globular cluster system has about 2000 members , so it is not as rich as those of giant ellipticals in galaxy clusters with a comparable stellar mass , but richer than many cluster systems of other isolated ellipticals . We present isotropic and anisotropic Jeans-models and give a morphological description of the companion dwarf galaxy . +1 These wells are shown to support many bound states . We calculate the properties of the wells and bound levels , and show that their lifetimes are limited by that of the constituent Rydberg atoms . +0 It is found to require large temperature gradients in the order of Kelvins across an ultra thin MgO barrier . The effect has been calculated theoretically by Jia et al.in 2011 . +1 Sigma_H2 , traced by CO intensity , shows a strong correlation with Sigma_SFR and the ratio between these two quantities , the molecular gas depletion time , appears to be constant at about 2Gyr in large spiral galaxies . Within the star-forming disks of galaxies , Sigma_SFR shows almost no correlation with Sigma_HI . +0 We also propose a statistical model for spike trains that exhibits the variance-to-mean power relationship , and based on this a maximum likelihood method is developed for inferring the parameters from rate-modulated spike trains . It is shown that this single assumption allows the variability of spike trains to have an arbitrary scale and various dependencies on the firing rate in the spike count statistics , as well as in the interval statistics , depending on the two parameters of the power function . +1 $ 2J_2 + \delta = 1 $ is a disorder line . To the left of this line , the structure factor $ S ( q ) $ peaks at $ q_ { max } = \pi $ ( Neel `phase ' ) , while to the right , $ q_ { max } $ decreases from $ \pi $ to $ \pi/2 $ ( spiral `phase ' ) as $ J_2 $ increases . +1 Inverse scattering of the Sturm-Liouville operator and evolution of its potential are the basic ingredients , similar to the existing methods developed by Gardner-Greene-Kruskal-Miura ( 1967 ) , Zacharov-Shabbath ( 1974 ) and Peter Lax ( 1977 ) . Evolutionary KdV vessel may be considered as a generalization of these previous works . +1 However , no rigorous approach has been developed to address two fundamental issues : the selection of an appropriate perturbation and the development of influence measures for objective functions at a point with a nonzero first derivative . The aim of this paper is to develop a differential -- geometrical framework of a perturbation model ( called the perturbation manifold ) and utilize associated metric tensor and affine curvatures to resolve these issues . +1 The mass spectra of nucleon and delta-isobar hybrid baryons are calculated . The calculations of hybrid baryon amplitudes estimate the contributions of four subamplitudes . +0 In order to solve this equation for N & gt ; 3 particles the Q-Baxter operator method is used . N-Reggeized gluon states in Quantum Chromodynamics are described by BKP equation . +1 Introducing some new concepts , we have adapted the original ER notation and developed a new transformation algorithm based on the existing one . This paper presents the modified ER notation with an ER diagram drawn based on the new notation . +1 Using the Parkes radio telescope , we study the 21cm neutral hydrogen ( HI ) properties of a sample of galaxies with redshifts z & lt ; 0.13 extracted from the optical 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey ( 2dFGRS ) . Galaxies at 0.04 & lt ; z & lt ; 0.13 are studied using new Parkes observations of a 42deg^2 field near the South Galactic Pole ( SGP ) . +1 We describe telescopes and instruments that were developed and used for astronomical research in the ultraviolet ( UV ) and extreme ultraviolet ( EUV ) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum . The wavelength ranges covered by these bands are not uniquely defined . +1 However , since fragments must be periodically replaced as nodes fail , a key question is how to generate encoded fragments in a distributed way while transferring as little data as possible across the network . For an erasure coded system , a common practice to repair from a node failure is for a new node to download subsets of data stored at a number of surviving nodes , reconstruct a lost coded block using the downloaded data , and store it at the new node . +0 This is because any realistic measurement necessarily has some nonvanishing amount of noise and therefore never achieves the ideal of sharpness . In order to claim that one has experimentally tested whether a noncontextual ontological model could underlie certain measurement statistics in quantum theory , it is necessary to have a notion of noncontextuality that applies to unsharp measurements , i.e. , those that can only be represented by positive operator-valued measures rather than projection-valued measures . +1 In this paper we present this software infrastructure with its advantage and disadvantage . The exercises are part of a software system named LOGOMON . +1 As a variational wave function , we consider a Gutzwiller projected wave function for a staggered spin and/or orbital ordered state . We find a ferromagnetic phase with staggered orbital order around quarter-filling , i.e. , electron number n=1 per site , and an antiferromagnetic phase without orbital order around half-filling n=2 . +0 The commercial Agilent 's Advanced Design System ( ADS ) is a commonly-used tool to simulate the TL metamaterials . Recently , two-dimensional ( 2D ) periodically L and C loaded transmission-line ( TL ) networks have been applied to represent metamaterials . +1 Our analysis is based on a qualitative coding for approximately 3000 tweets in Arabic and English from the Syrian social bot that was active for 35 weeks on Twitter before it was shutdown . We find that the growth , behavior and content of this particular botnet did not specifically align with common conceptions of botnets . +0 With new observations from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer ( EIS ) and X-ray Telescope ( XRT ) on \textit { Hinode } we have the ability to investigate the properties of high temperature coronal plasma in extraordinary detail . Previous observations have not been able to exclude the possibility that high temperature active region loops are actually composed of many small scale threads that are in various stages of heating and cooling and only appear to be in equilibrium . +0 For the specific choice of a spatially fixed three -- phase contact line , the asymptotic behavior of the fluctuation -- induced force is determined analytically for both the close -- distance and the long -- distance regime and compared to numerical solutions . Besides static capillary forces , fluctuation -- induced forces caused by thermally excited capillary waves arise at fluid interfaces . +0 However , sequencing data-sets are characteristically large , and previously modelling frameworks are typically inefficient and unable to leverage multi-core or distributed processing architectures . With the wealth of high-throughput sequencing data generated by recent large-scale consortia , predictive gene expression modelling has become an important tool for integrative analysis of transcriptomic and epigenetic data . +0 In these situations the restricted Schur polynomials and the generalized restricted Schur polynomials both provide good bases for the quiver gauge theory . We identify several situations in which the restricted Schur polynomials do in fact account for the complete set of finite N constraints . +1 The set of the first Hilbert coefficients of parameter ideals relative to a module -- its Chern coefficients -- over a local Noetherian ring codes for considerable information about its structure -- noteworthy properties such as that of Cohen-Macaulayness , Buchsbaumness , and of having finitely generated local cohomology . The authors have previously studied the ring case . +1 Then , pairwise conditional Granger causality analysis is carried out with data measured from substructural DOFs to evaluate the information loss when measurements from all DOFs are not available . This analysis allows selecting those accelerometers that can be suppressed minimising the information loss . +1 In this light I show that , contrary to what claimed in that article , there was no `` probabilistic pitfall '' in the Columbo 's episode pointed as example of `` bad mathematics '' yielding `` rough justice '' . Instead , such a criticism could have a `negative reaction ' to the article itself and to the use of Bayesian reasoning in courts , as well as in all other places in which probabilities need to be assessed and decisions need to be made . +1 This shear-induced transition is involved in virtually any application of colloidal gels . It is also crucial for controlling material properties . +1 The compactified dimension guarantees that the geodesic curve closes in $ u $ . The effective 2D ( $ t $ and $ u $ ) nature of the metric ensures that spacetime is flat , therein satisfying all the classical stability conditions as expressed by the energy conditions . +1 Very high quality light curves are now available for thousands of detached eclipsing binary stars and transiting exoplanet systems as a result of surveys for transiting exoplanets and other large-scale photometric surveys . I have developed a binary star model ( ELLC ) that can be used to analyse the light curves of detached eclipsing binary stars and transiting exoplanet systems that is fast and accurate , and that can include the effects of star spots , Doppler boosting and light-travel time within binaries with eccentric orbits . +0 In addition to atomic-like states , we find novel `` molecular-like '' phases . By applying a magnetic field , we induce ground state transitions and identify the corresponding quantum numbers by comparison with few-body calculations . +1 We introduce an eigenstrain-based finite element lattice model for simulations of shear band formation and strain avalanches . Our model allows us to study the influence of surfaces and finite size effects on the statistics of avalanches . +1 The resulting Casimir forces for these physical arrangements have been found to be attractive . The repulsive Casimir force found by Boyer for a spherical shell is a special case requiring stringent material property of the sphere , as well as the specific boundary conditions for the wave modes inside and outside of the sphere . +1 Physics education research ( PER ) aims to improve how students solve problems . But whose problems are we teaching students to solve ? +0 The purpose of these notes is to give a condition that describes when the linear map taking a basis of the n by n matrices to its dual basis is a complete order isomorphism and complete co-order isomorphism . The dual of a matrix ordered space has a natural matrix ordering that makes the dual space matrix ordered as well . +1 My thesis deals with a fundamental question of high energy gamma-ray astronomy . Namely , I studied the cut-off shape of the Crab pulsar spectrum to distinguish between the leading scenarios for the pulsar models . +0 Additionally data , which is sent over the network , can be changed on the fly . It is augmented by an implementation of the protocol SOME/IP ( -SD ) and an connector to the middleware Gamma V. The middleware is used to configure the network by initialization . +1 We show that the Schmidt number is an almost equivalent measures to the von Neumann entanglement entropy when the delocalization of clusters occurs in the entire system but it shows different behaviors in a partially delocalized state containing localized clusters and delocalized ones . It means that the R\'enyi-2 entanglement entropy , which relates to the Schmidt number , is found to be almost equivalent to the von Neumann entanglement entropy for the full delocalized cluster system but it is less sensitive to the partially delocalized cluster system than the von Neumann entanglement entropy . +0 Alignments transition from being radial at low redshifts and high luminosities , dominated by the contribution of ellipticals , to being tangential at high redshift and low luminosities , where discs dominate the signal . We probe the redshift and luminosity evolution of intrinsic alignments in Horizon-AGN between $ z=0 $ and $ z=3 $ for galaxies with an $ r $ -band absolute magnitude of $ M_r\leq-20 $ . +1 We justify our method by intuitive examples and the matrix perturbation theory . We then show how this approach can be extended to handle missing data , thus yielding an efficient and general subspace clustering algorithm . +0 A correlator of two currents within the model complies with all requirements of standard QCD sum rules approach for fitting low-lying resonances such as fast convergence and good stability while the exact spectrum contains no resonance . Dispersion sum rules are considered within the ladder approximation of a field-theoretic model with OPE given by ordinary loop diagrams which are computable for any number of loops . +0 The latter formula is based on the notion of a universal local formula introduced by the author and on the usage of bistellar moves . We discuss two formulae , the classical Gabrielov-Gelfand-Losik formula based on investigation of configuration spaces and the local combinatorial formula obtained by the author in 2004 . +1 The associated tiling can be viewed as a substitution tiling . We use the substitution rule for this tiling and apply the algorithm of \cite { AL } to check overlap coincidence . +0 In contrast , in a P2P network , many peers may locally keep a copy of a specific data object . Traditional end-to-end congestion control mechanisms assume data transferring happens between each pair user . +1 The potential utilization of two-stage sintering for the production of highly dense and pure nickel diniobate ( Ni4Nb2O9 ) ceramics with low firing temperature was demonstrated . Effects of designed sintering conditions on phase formation , densification and microstructure of the ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) , Archimedes method and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) , respectively . +1 Usual quantum statistics is written in Fock space but it is not an algebraic theory . We show that at a deeper level it can be algebraically formalized defining the different statistics as ( multi-mode ) coherent states of the appropriate ( but different from the usual ones ) Lie-Hopf groups . +0 if it diagonalizes against the universal partial computable function.D.n.c . A function is diagonally non-computable ( d.n.c . ) +0 The search uses a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse picobarns , collected with the CMS detector . A search for supersymmetry is presented using a sample of events with b jets and missing transverse momentum . +0 It is shown that the trajectory of a ZEO has precisely one turning point that lies on the boundary for photons and inside the ergoregion for massive particles . We introduce the notion of zero energy observers ( ZEOs ) as counterparts to known zero angular observers ( ZAMOs ) . +1 More sophisticated choices of power allocation coefficients are also proposed to meet various quality of service requirements . Finally computer simulation results are provided to facilitate the performance evaluation of MIMO-NOMA and also demonstrate the accuracy of the developed analytical results . +1 It is found that the PME can overestimate the mass by approx 40 % if a cluster is sampled only about its effective radius , Re . The exact value of this error depends on the mass profile of the cluster . +0 Unlike the log-softmax , it has the desirable property of belonging to the spherical loss family ( Vincent et al. , 2015 ) , a class of loss functions for which training can be performed very efficiently with a complexity independent of the number of output classes . In this paper , we introduce an alternative classification loss function , the Z-loss , which is designed to address these two issues . +1 The optical spectra of CdSe nanocrystals up to 55 A in diameter are analyzed in a wide range of energies from the fine structure of the low-energy excitations to the so-called high-energy transitions . We apply a symmetry-based method in two steps . +1 In a previous work Lazarian and Pogosyan suggested a technique to extract velocity and density statistics , of interstellar turbulence , by means of analysing statistics of spectral line data cubes . In this paper we test that technique , by studying the effect of correlation between velocity and density fields , providing a systematic analysis of the uncertainties arising from the numerics , and exploring the effect of a linear shear . +0 We found that asymmetric PNe have higher nitrogen and lower carbon abundances than symmetric PNe . We also examine the relation between morphology and abundance of the products of stellar evolution . +1 For extremal case , the near region is expected to be the near horizon region in which the correspondence via the asymptotic symmetry is studied . We investigate the hidden conformal symmetry in the near horizon limit and consider the relation between the hidden conformal symmetry and the asymptotic symmetry in the near horizon limit . +0 Using the Weinberg sum rules , opportunely modified to take into account the walking behavior of the underlying gauge theory , we find interesting relations for the spin-one spectrum . We construct their self-interactions and interactions with standard model fields . +0 We interpret the Klein and Wirtinger maps in terms of opers on $ X $ . The finiteness results give low -- dimensional parametrizations of Jacobians ( in $ \Pp^ { 3g-3 } $ for generic curves ) , described by $ 2\Theta $ functions or second logarithmic derivatives of theta . +0 Furthermore , we argue that the lower entropy and higher predictability in human mobility for both online and offline cases may origin from this non-Markovian character . The non-Markovian character observed from both online and offline cases is suggested by the scaling law in the distribution of dwelling time at individual and collective levels , respectively . +1 The variation of rotations acting on consecutive qubits is modeled as diffusion on the SU ( 2 ) group . The model may be applied to spins traveling in a varying magnetic field , or to photons passing through a fiber whose birefringence fluctuates over the time separation between photons . +1 In this paper we discuss the basic problems of algorithmic algebraic number theory . The emphasis is on aspects that are of interest from a purely mathematical point of view , and practical issues are largely disregarded . +1 Analysis of the CMDs suggest that the cluster ellipticals formed their stars several Gyr earlier , near redshift 3 . The morphology -- density relation is well established at $ z\sim1 $ , with star-forming spirals and irregulars residing mostly in the outer parts of the clusters and E/S0s concentrated in dense clumps . +1 The conjecture that several recently observed mesons have a structure , which is not dominated by an ordinary quark-antiquark pair , but by a four-quark structure , is being actively investigated both theoretical and experimentally . Such a state may be characterized as a mesonic molecule or as a diquark-antidiquark pair . +1 The work within the Geometrothermodynamics programme rests upon the metric structure for the thermodynamic phase-space . Such structure exhibits discrete Legendre symmetry . +1 Student 's t-distribution . This class of prior parametrized by its degree of freedom is relevant to modelize either dense or sparse ( accounting for outliers ) noise . +1 It is related via dimensional reduction to another remarkable 4d action describing the N=2 supersymmetric extension of the Born-Infeld-Nambu-Goto action with two real scalars . Both actions are the Goldstone actions associated with partial ( 1/2 ) spontaneous breaking of extended supersymmetry having 16 supercharges down to 8 supercharges . +1 Hubble Space Telescope Advanced Camera for Surveys ( ACS ) images are used to identify and study star cluster candidates in the nearby spiral galaxy M101 . About 3000 round , slightly-resolved cluster candidates are identified in 10 ACS pointings covering an area of 106 arcmin^2 . +1 The search is performed by looking for an excess of high energy muon neutrinos from WIMP annihilations in the Sun , the core of the Earth , and the Galactic Center , as compared to the number expected from the atmospheric neutrino background . No statistically significant excess was seen . +0 Based on the derived orbital parameters , we find that Sh 2-216 , DeHt 5 , NGC 7293 , A21 , and Ton 320 belong to the thin-disk population , and PG 1034+001 and A31 belong to the thick-disk population . The errors of the derived orbital parameters are determined with a Monte Carlo method . +0 t $ via a scaling argument and we derive from this a simplified effective theory . Starting from the ( 3+1 ) -dimensional Yang-Mills action , we implement the high energy limit $ s\ ! & gt ; \ ! & gt ; \ ! +0 Indeed , with the recent SWARM mission , it seems reasonable to be able to identify waves propagating in the core with period of several months , which may play an important role in the large-scale dynamics . Such a layer could have an observable signature in both long-term and short-term variations of the magnetic field of the Earth , which are used to probe the flow at the top of the core . +1 This discrete model can be viewed as a \emph { minimal } ratchet model . We extend our previous work on this model , by further investigating the constraints imposed by the Fluctuation Theorem on the operation of a molecular motor far from equilibrium . +1 In these vacua both conformal invariance and baryonic symmetries are spontaneously broken . We present a detailed discussion of the supergravity moduli space , which involves flat form fields on asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau manifolds , and match this to the gauge theory vacuum moduli space . +1 QJT differs from QFT since it involves a new datum : the expansion point . This difference is substantial because it leads to new gauge and diff anomalies , which are necessary to combine background independence with locality . +0 They are therefore significantly less dense than many other samples obtained in other ways . The typical column densities of the cores are $ N ( H_2 ) \sim 3.8 \times 10^ { 21 } $ cm $ ^ { -2 } $ and the typical volume densities are $ n ( H_2 ) \sim 2 \times 10^3 $ cm $ ^ { -3 } $ . +0 We prove their conjecture rigorously , giving asymptotics , as well as a pattern of inequalities satisfied by the determinants . For the Dirac operator , B\ '' ar and Schopka conjectured a limit of unity for the determinant ( [ BS ] ) , i.e.\lim_ { n\to\infty } \det ( D , S^n_ { \mathrm { can } } ) =1 . +1 We study coherent structures in solar photospheric flows in a plage in the vicinity of the active region AR 10930 using the horizontal velocity data derived from Hinode/SOT magnetograms . Eulerian and Lagrangian coherent structures are detected by computing the Q-criterion and the finite-time Lyapunov exponents of the velocity field , respectively . +0 The cluster hosting CWAT-01 is part of a larger assembly consisting of a minimum of four X-ray luminous clusters within ~2 Mpc distance . Using the COSMOS multiwavelength data set , we derive the radio properties of CWAT-01 and use the optical and X-ray data to investigate its host environment . +1 One can study such maps without the bijectivity assumption or one can try to get the same conclusion under the weaker assumption that adjacency is preserved in one direction only . And the last possibility is to study maps acting between matrix spaces of different sizes . +0 In particular , we prove that under a geometric transversality condition , the intersection of finitely many $ K ' $ -spectral sets for $ T $ is again $ K $ -spectral for some $ K\ge K ' $ . Our typical result shows that under some extra conditions , if the closed unit disc is complete $ K ' $ -spectral for $ \phi ( T ) $ for every $ \phi\in \Phi $ , then $ \overline\Omega $ is complete $ K $ -spectral for $ T $ for some constant $ K $ . +0 These quantities are studied as a function of the charged-particle multiplicity in the event and the transverse momentum of the particles . The observed azimuthal correlations at large relative pseudorapidity are used to extract the second-order ( v [ 2 ] ) and third-order ( v [ 3 ] ) anisotropy harmonics of K0S and Lambda/anti-Lambda particles . +1 Qualitative features of the mean-field theory of superconductivity in a strongly disordered systems of fermions with short-range attraction are discussed . In this limit the effective theory is entirely bosonic , and I consider both the artificial infinite-range limit , and the more realistic case of `` nearest neighbor '' hopping of bosons between localized states . +1 A representation using the principle of know-how maps in two or three dimensions is privileged . The most interesting aspect is that these maps include tacit and explicit knowledge . +0 Temperature pulses induced by particle interacting in the crystals are recorded and measured by means of Neutron Transmutation Doped thermistors . The array is framed inside of a dilution refrigerator , heavily shielded against environmental radioactivity and high-energy neutrons , and operated at a temperature of ~8 mK in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory . +0 Hot dark matter models were studied in the late 1970s and early 1980s , and there was considerable interest in cold plus hot dark matter models for a few years in the mid-1990s . Over the past two decades , the liklihood of this has risen and fallen as more and more data has become available from laboratory experiments and the latest telescopes . +1 We investigate numerically optical properties of novel two-dimensional photonic materials where parallel dielectric rods are randomly placed with the restriction that the distance between rods is larger than a certain value . A large complete photonic gap ( PG ) is found when rods have sufficient density and dielectric contrast . +1 Field-theoretical approach to Anderson localization in 2D disordered fermionic systems of chiral symmetry classes ( BDI , AIII , CII ) is developed . Important representatives of these symmetry classes are random hopping models on bipartite lattices at the band center . +0 For each permutation $ \sigma $ on $ [ n ] $ , there is a natural action on any given vector $ \boldsymbol { u } = ( u_1 , \ldots , u_n ) ^t\in \mathbb { C } ^n $ such that $ \sigma\boldsymbol { u } = ( u_ { \sigma^ { -1 } 1 } , u_ { \sigma^ { -1 } 2 } , \ldots , u_ { \sigma^ { -1 } n } ) ^t $ , so $ \sigma $ can be viewed as a linear operator on $ \mathbb { C } ^n $ . Apparently , an automorphism of $ G $ can be regarded as a permutation on $ [ n ] =\ { 1 , \ldots , n\ } $ , provided that $ G $ has $ n $ vertices . +0 The inner surface of the central sphere is coated with CsI to form an internal photocathode with minimum of 2\pi coverage for any event in the active volume . Xenon between the two spheres forms a self-shield and veto device . +0 This training is often given according a training-by-project type of learning with case studies . Project management education programmes are often proposed in higher education to give students competences in project planning ( Gantt 's chart ) , project organizing , human and technical resource management , quality control and also social competences ( collaboration , communication ) , emotional ones ( empathy , consideration of the other , humour , ethics ) , and organizational ones ( leadership , political vision , and so on ) . +0 The general solution of the equations and constraints in terms of chiral moduli fields is explicitly constructed and some extensions of the basic integrable model are briefly discussed . The equations of motion of these models reduce to systems of the Liouville equations endowed with energy and momentum constraints . +0 Although groups of the form G^n have a simple product structure , they share important representation-theoretic properties with the symmetric groups S_n , where a solution to the HSP would yield a quantum algorithm for Graph Isomorphism . In the current parlance , this is the hidden subgroup problem ( HSP ) over groups of the form G^n , where G is a nonabelian group of constant size , and where the hidden subgroup is either trivial or has order two . +0 Therefore , in this paper , we introduce the notion of local orthogonality , under which the training sequence of a user is orthogonal to those of the other users in its neighborhood . In this model , assigning orthogonal training sequences to all users will incur a substantial overhead to the overall network , and is even impossible when the number of users is large . +0 Some realism is introduced by enforcing exact unitarity via the K-matrix method . An interesting feature concerns the mixing of the four isosinglet scalar mesons which yield poles in the scattering amplitude . +1 By adjusting the dust attenuation effect using one parameter and matching the observed size-luminosity relation of LABs using another parameter , we show that our simulations can reproduce the observed \civ/\lya\ and \heii/\lya\ ratios adequately . This analysis provides the first successful physical model to account for simultaneously the LAB luminosity function , luminosity-size relation , and the \civ/Ly $ \alpha $ and \heii/Ly $ \alpha $ ratios , with only two parameters . +0 The primary , a K0-giant , fills a large fraction of its Roche-lobe . Despite the large luminosity difference , the two components of the system are of very simmilar mass . +1 Overall , our knowledge of metal abundances at high z is still very sketchy . Most significantly , there seems to be an order of magnitude shortfall in the comoving density of metals which have been measured up to now compared with those produced by the star formation activity seen in Lyman break galaxies . +0 We also discuss a number of related issues about the images and the geometry of the set of stochastic maps , and show that any stochastic map on 2x2 matrices can be written as a convex combination of two `` generalized '' extreme points . This allows a detailed examination of an important class of non-unital extreme points which can be characterized as having exactly two images on the Bloch sphere . +0 We then consider four dimensional N=4 SYM coupled to a three dimensional defect hypermultiplet . First we consider four dimensional N=2 Supersymmetric Yang Mills Theory with hypermultiplets transforming in the fundamental representation of the gauge group , and find supersymmetric OWL 's only in the superconformal versions of these theories . +0 This polar cap component contributes to the total energy content with only a few percent , but dominates the spectrum at higher energy . One prediction of particle acceleration in the supernova remnants in the magnetic wind of exploding Wolf Rayet and Red Super Giant stars is that the final spectrum is a composition of a spectrum $ E^ { -7/3 } $ and a polar cap component of $ E^ { -2 } $ at the source . +1 The combinatorial meaning of its coefficients is given . Chebyshev polynomials are the special cases of P_ { n , m , p } ( x ) . +0 They thus unify all known ad-hoc proofs in one single theorem . introduce a general framework to prove duality theorems between special decompositions and their dual combinatorial object . +1 Above a few GeV/n , a dozen spallation antideuterons should be collected by the future AMS experiment on board ISSA . For energies less than about 3 GeV/n , the antideuteron spallation component becomes negligible and may be supplanted by a potential supersymmetric signal . +0 We derive tractable expressions and suggest default prior settings aimed at detecting multi-modal densities . We formalize NLPs in the context of mixtures and show how they lead to extra parsimony and well-separated components that have non-negligible weight , hence interpretable as distinct subpopulations . +0 Second , we consider a unified system of FB-SDEs , a special form of the FB-SPDEs , however , with skew boundary reflections . Under an infinite sequence of generalized local linear growth and Lipschitz conditions , the well-posedness of an adapted 4-tuple strong solution is proved over a suitably constructed topological space . +0 Also one-way transparent sheets with controllable co-polarized reflection and transmission from the opposite side are feasible . In particular , we have found that it is possible to realize one-way transparent sheets which have the properties of a twist-polarizer in reflection or transmission when illuminated from the other side . +1 In particular , thermal and thermoelectric transport measurements can be considerably more complicated than electron transport measurements , especially for individual nanostructures . During the past decade , a number of experimental methods for measuring the thermal and thermoelectric properties of individual nanowires and nanotubes have been devised to address these challenges , some of which are reviewed and analyzed in this chapter . +0 We fully characterize behavior of the minimax risk for different relationships between regularity parameters and norm indexes in definitions of the functional class and of the risk . We address the problem of adaptive minimax density estimation on $ \bR^d $ with $ \bL_p $ -- loss on the anisotropic Nikol'skii classes . +1 A numerical evaluation of the perturbation sum using bound states up to n=200 yields ground state tensor polarizabilities which are in good agreement with experimental values , thereby bridging the 40-year-old gap between experiments and theory . We have further found that the tensor polarizabilities of the two ground state hyperfine manifolds have opposite signs , in disagreement with an earlier derivation . +1 A continuous time model for multiagent systems governed by reinforcement learning with scale-free memory is developed . The agents are assumed to act independently of one another in optimizing their choice of possible actions via trial-and-error search . +1 We define the mean extrinsic curvature for spaces with Minkowski signature and introduce the concept of mean torsion . Its orthogonal projection defines the dual mean extrinsic curvature . +0 At later times the dynamo saturates , but the vertical magnetic field continues to develop and rises to form dynamic bipolar structures at the top , which later disappear and reappear . At early times , a large-scale helical dynamo develops in the bottom layer . +0 In that case , we show that the theory is renormalized by normal ordering the interaction . We find that this expansion is only consistent for tachyon fields which are polynomials . +1 As a key step , we prove a central limit theorem for triangular arrays of stationary $ m $ -dependent random fields with unbounded $ m $ . We also apply a moment inequality recently established for stationary random fields . +1 We focus on the antisymmetric gravitomagnetic contribution due to the angular momentum of one of the stars of the pair . Considering a pulsar as the source of the signals , the effect would be manifest both in the arrival times of the pulses and in the frequency shift of their Fourier spectra . +0 We give a closely-matching upper bound $ U $ on the number of colours such that with probability that tends to 1 , the Glauber dynamics mixes slowly on random $ \Delta $ -regular graphs when at most $ U $ colours are used . We find a lower bound $ L $ on the number of colours such that Glauber dynamics is rapidly mixing if at least $ L $ colours are used . +0 It is pointed out that the shape-dependence of the entropy density in a nonadditive system results in the violation of the Gibbs-Duhem equation . In nonadditive systems , some of the above properties can be violated . +1 Several phenomenological interacting forms are proposed and are fitted with observations in the literature . In this paper we investigate the possible interaction in a way independent of specific interacting forms by use of observational data ( SNe , BAO , CMB and Hubble parameter ) . +0 We also propose a refinement of Gross 's leading term conjecture by using the theory of Shintani data . We give an alternative proof of their result by constructing a certain Shintani datum . +1 They give input for modelling the underlying event in pp collisions . Prompt hadron ratios are important for hadronisation models , while the $ \bar p/p $ ratio is a good observable to test models of baryon number transport . +1 Generating absorbers for these channels is a new problem for SIE methods , as the methods were initially developed for problems with finite surfaces . In this paper we show that the obvious approach for eliminating reflections , making the channel mildly conductive outside the domain of interest , is inaccurate . +0 The field content of these actions are : an induced metric , gauge fields , an auxiliary metric and an auxiliary scalar field that implements the Weyl invariance . Conformal invariant new forms of $ p $ -brane and D $ p $ -brane actions are proposed . +1 We analyze the spectrum of the electric-current autocorrelation function ( noise power ) in the Anderson impurity model biased by a finite transport voltage . Special emphasis is placed on the interplay of non-equilibrium effects and electron-electron interactions . +0 A comprehensive fitting method was used to fit all the absorption features at once . The observations were taken with the Very Large Telescope/Ultraviolet and Visual Echelle Spectrograph with a signal-to-noise ratio of 32 per 2.5 km/s pixel , covering the wavelengths from 356.6 to 409.5 nm . +0 Therefore , a generalization of the recent strong-coupling techniques would be highly desirable . However , many interesting physical systems contain mixtures of particles with different masses . +1 In general , the non-commutativity affects the usual conservation law of the tensor as well as its transformation properties ( gauge covariance instead of gauge invariance ) . It is known that the conservation of the energy-momentum tensor can be achieved by a redefinition involving another star-product . +0 In the former case , depending on a star 's position and orbit in the cluster over 10^7 years , UV photoevaporation removes at least 0.01 Msol from its disk , and can remove up to 1 Msol . The simulations model a cluster of 4000 stars , and we consider separately cases in which the disks have fixed radii of 100 AU and 10 AU . +0 The hydrodynamic simulations are based on the recently proposed tsunami model , in which cluster cores are affected by bulk motions of the ICM and turbulence is produced . This is the first attempt to construct detailed X-ray spectra of clusters of galaxies from the results of high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations and simulate X-ray observations in order to study velocity fields of the intracluster medium ( ICM ) . +1 An individual detected as HIV positive in Cuba is asked to provide a list of his/her sexual contacts for the previous 2 years . This allows one to gather detailed information on the spread of the HIV epidemic . +1 The first part is a systematic overview of the theory pertaining to propagation , plasma self-generation , energy/current-losses , and stability of such pulses . The second part reviews the major full-scale propagation experiments which have been carried out , in atmospheric and outer-space plasmas , to assess the validity of theoretical models . +0 We perform calculations both including the disc gas and without it , so the disc contribution to the column density is quantified . We calculate the all sky O VII column density distributions for the haloes of three Milky Way like disc galaxies , resulting from cosmological high-resolution , N-body/gasdynamical simulations . +1 Previous works show strong winds exist in hot accretion flows around black holes . Those works focus only on the region close to the black hole thus it is unknown whether or where the wind production stops at large radii . +1 For attractive statistical interactions , thermodynamic curvature is positive and for repulsive statistical interactions , it is negative , which indicates a more stable anyon gas . There is a special case between the two where the thermodynamic curvature is zero . +0 The adaptive systems resulting from aHUGIN are able to adjust the C011ditional probabilities in the model . aHUGIN is an extension of the HUGIN shell , and is based on the methods reported by Spiegelhalter and Lauritzen ( 1990a ) . +0 Even a bound on the description length of such functions better than the trivial $ 2^n $ does not seem to have been known . While this conjecture implies that smooth functions are easy to compute in the simplest computational model , to date no non-trivial upper bounds were known for such functions in any computational model , including unrestricted Boolean circuits . +0 Effects of designed sintering conditions on phase formation , densification and microstructure of the ceramics were characterized by X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) , Archimedes method and scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) , respectively . The potential utilization of two-stage sintering for the production of highly dense and pure nickel diniobate ( Ni4Nb2O9 ) ceramics with low firing temperature was demonstrated . +0 Furthermore , we proved that the dark energy density parameter $ \Omega_ { \phi } $ would obey the same differential equation not only for all the scalar models in this paper but also for all the non-coupled dark energy models under the GR frame . For the applications of the three-dimensional dynamical systems , we investigate several special cases and give the exactly dynamical solutions in detail . +1 The liquid argon -- germanium system ( LArGe ) is operated as a 4 $ \pi $ anti-Compton spectrometer to suppress backgrounds in the HPGe . This R & amp ; D is carried out in the framework of the GERDA experiment which searches for 0 $ \nu\beta\beta $ decays with HPGe detectors enriched in $ ^ { 76 } $ Ge . +0 The 2dF facility began routine observations in 1997 . Two spectrographs provide spectra with resolutions of between 500 and 2000 , over wavelength ranges of 440nm and 110nm respectively . +0 The repulsive Casimir force found by Boyer for a spherical shell is a special case requiring stringent material property of the sphere , as well as the specific boundary conditions for the wave modes inside and outside of the sphere . The resulting Casimir forces for these physical arrangements have been found to be attractive . +1 It will be shown that perturbative treatments must be discarded , and replaced by a more sophisticated formalism where the dynamics of the nanomagnet and the nuclei that couple to it are treated together from the beginning . After a critical review of the theoretical predictions and their experimental verification , we continue with a set of experimental results that challenge our present understanding , and outline the importance of filling also this last gap in the theory . +1 Researchers have been investing significant efforts to develop heuristics or restrictions to make planning practically feasible . Case-based planning is a heuristic approach where one tries to reuse previous experience when solving similar problems in order to avoid some of the planning effort . +0 So it is natural to try to relate the black hole Meissner effect to entanglement . The length of the throat is related to the amount of entanglement between modes on either side of the horizon . +0 The directional character of orbitals leads to inhomogeneities of different shapes and sizes . It is demonstrated that the delocalized charge carriers favor the formation of nanoscale inhomogeneities with the orbital structure different from that in the undoped material . +1 The spatial position of the US slices is measured by optically localizing a calibrated probe . Assuming the reproducibility of kidney motion during breathing , and no deformation of the organ , the method consists in optimizing a rigid 6 Degree Of Freedom ( DOF ) transform by evaluating at each step the similarity between the set of US images and the CT volume . +0 Photocurrent from a semiconductor sample is generated using a sequence of four excitation pulses in a collinear geometry . Multidimensional Coherent Optical Photocurrent Spectroscopy ( MD-COPS ) is implemented using unstabilized interferometers . +1 Our method is based on a simple formulation for implicit interfaces , which rewrites boundary integrals as volume integrals over the entire space . The resulting algorithm thus inherits the benefits of both level set methods and boundary integral methods to simulate the nonlocal front propagation problem with possible topological changes . +0 The results agree with theoretical model utilizing the universal ac conductivity in graphene . A method based on Mach-Zehnder interferometry is employed to achieve high measurement precision and consistency , yielding a maximal value of absorption coefficient of 0.2 dB/ { \mu } m when graphene is located directly on top of the waveguide . +0 In the two-dimensional euclidean ( or 2+1 dimensional lorentzian ) U ( 1 ) theory we find localized solutions carrying nonzero magnetic flux . We find a class of exact solutions of noncommutative gauge theories corresponding to unstable non-BPS solitons . +1 M3 has no such feature . M3 and M13 are thus an extreme case of the `` second parameter problem '' in HB morphology . +1 In the case of a circular equilibrium ( i.e.vorton ) state of a closed string loop it is shown that the fundamental axisymmetric ( $ n=0 $ ) and lowest order ( $ n=1 $ ) nonaxisymmetric perturbation modes can never be unstable . However , stability for modes of higher order ( $ n\geq 2 $ ) is found to be non-trivially dependent on the values of the characteristic propagation velocity , $ c $ say , of longitudinal perturbations and of the corresponding extrinsic perturbation velocity , $ v $ say . +1 Let $ \phi $ the morphism $ X\to G_m^n $ induced by the $ f_i $ 's , and let $ t $ be the map $ X\to ( R^*_+ ) ^n $ induced by the norms of the $ f_i $ 's . Let us recall two results . +1 HESS J0632+057 is an unidentified gamma-ray source located in the Monoceros region , probably associated with the massive Be star MWC 148.H.E.S.S . and VERITAS observations in the very high energy ( VHE ) range combined with Swift X-ray data indicate that this object is a new member of the elusive gamma-ray binary class . +1 In particular if the initial data are sufficiently small we show that the analytic solution is global . Before showing how to extend the existence region we describe the same result in the case of the Burger equation , which , even if much simpler , nevertheless requires analogous logical steps required for the general proof . +0 From fits to time-resolved spectra , we find that this is not a radius-expansion burst , and that the same triple-peaked pattern seen in the X-ray light curve is also present in the bolometric light curve of the burst . ( The previous one was also from 4U 1636-53 , and was observed with EXOSAT . ) +1 The dependence of the quasi-Coulombic potential strength on the interaction distance are consistent with the QCD-motivated behaviour . The $ q\bar q $ -separations are evaluated and the $ e^+e^- $ decay widths are estimated with the help of relativistic modification of the Van Royen-Weisskopf formula . +1 Wind energy is becoming a top contributor to the renewable energy mix , which raises potential reliability issues for the grid due to the fluctuating nature of its source . To achieve adequate reserve commitment and to promote market participation , it is necessary to provide models that can capture daily patterns in wind power production . +0 The metric for the Fermi coordinates is calculated directly from the tensor transformation rule . Coordinate transformations are derived from global Minkowski coordinates to the Fermi coordinates of an observer moving in a circle in Minkowski space-time . +0 It is known that solutions to the above problem may exhibit singularities - that is points at which the second derivatives of the solution are unbounded - as well as degenerate points . $ $ The problem arises in applications such as solid combustion , composite membranes , climatology and fluid dynamics . +1 We derive constraints on cosmological parameters using the power spectrum of galaxy clustering measured from the final two-degree field galaxy redshift survey ( 2dFGRS ) and a compilation of measurements of the temperature power spectrum and temperature-polarization cross-correlation of the cosmic microwave background radiation . We analyse a range of parameter sets and priors , allowing for massive neutrinos , curvature , tensors and general dark energy models . +1 Photofragmentation gratings can act on objects as different as van der Waals clusters and biomolecules which are thermally unstable and often resilient to single-photon ionization . We present data that demonstrate this coherent beam splitting mechanism with clusters of hexafluorobenzene and we show single-photon depletion gratings based both on fragmentation and ionization for clusters of vanillin . +0 We then consider unoriented D-brane instanton corrections of both `gauge ' and `exotic ' kinds . We produce a wide class of unoriented quiver gauge theories , including new instances of N=1 superconformal theories . +0 We find a more plausible scenario to be a modestly subsolar metallicity ( [ M/H ] = -0.2 ) and moderate $ \log { g } $ $ \sim $ 5.0 , implying an age older than 2 Gyr and a mass greater than 0.035 M $ _ { \sun } $ . 2M 1237+6526 has a { \teff } $ \approx $ 800-850 K. If [ M/H ] is solar , $ \log { g } $ is as high as $ \sim $ 5.5 ( cgs ) and this source is older than 10 Gyr . +0 The main results are that $ \mathbf { PCP } _n $ is decidable in a finitely generated nilpotent group in polynomial time , while $ \mathbf { GPCP } _n $ is undecidable in any group containing free non-abelian subgroup ( though the argument is very different from the classical case of free semigroups ) . Furthermore , it is shown that one of the strongest forms of the word problem in a group $ G $ ( we call it the { \em hereditary word problem } ) can be reduced to $ \mathbf { GPCP } _n $ in $ G $ in polynomial time . +0 We fit the two-dimensional mean velocity field obtained by the SAURON integral-field spectrograph , and the isophotal ellipticity and position-angle profiles , using the velocity field fitting approach . This galaxy has a mean stellar population age & gt ; 12 Gyr and is known for its kinematically decoupled core and skew rotation at larger radii . +1 At each time , the server can observe instantaneous service rates for only a subset of flows ( from within a fixed collection of observable subsets ) before scheduling a flow in the subset for service . We are interested in queue-length aware scheduling to keep the queues short , and develop scheduling algorithms that use only partial service rate information from subsets of channels to minimize the likelihood of queue overflow in the system . +0 With the LEP era over and the Tevatron Run II search via $ p\bar p \to WH+X $ arduous , we revisit a case where $ WH $ or $ ZH + $ jets could arise via strong $ b^\prime\bar b^\prime $ pair production . Direct and indirect searches of the Higgs boson suggest that 113 GeV $ \lesssim m_H \lesssim $ 170 GeV is likely . +1 We show that fluctuations of the magnetic field downstream of the shock do not play an important role in the acceleration process . Results of numerical simulations for shocks with considered Lorentz factors and perpendicular magnetic field inclinations are presented . +0 Except for the special case when there are no obstacles in a concave scenario -- i.e.each position is visible from any other -- the calculation of these distances is a non-trivial task . The distance from a given position toward one or more destinations , exits , and way points is a more or less important input variable in most models of pedestrian dynamics . +1 Presently , the metric of arbitrarily shaped , rotating , oscillating and arbitrarily moving N bodies of finite extension is only known for the case of slowly moving bodies in the post-Newtonian approximation , while the post-Minkowskian metric for arbitrarily moving celestial objects is known only for pointlike bodies with mass-monopoles and spin-dipoles . As one more step towards the aim of a global metric for a system of N arbitrarily shaped and arbitrarily moving massive bodies in post-Minkowskian approximation , two central issues are on the scope of our investigation : ( i ) We first consider one extended body with full multipole structure in uniform motion in some suitably chosen global reference system . +0 The search features novel background suppression and prediction methods , including a dedicated top quark pair reconstruction algorithm . The data sample used in this search was collected by the CMS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 18.9 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV produced by the LHC . +1 This has been deduced from experimental low temperature data in the tunneling regime as well as from the vanishing isotope effect in diffusion in glasses and undercooled liquids . In molecular dynamics simulations of glasses one observes that both low frequency resonant vibrations and atomic jumps are centered on more than 10 atoms which , in densely packed materials , form chainlike structures . +0 In contrast , a simple Bose-Einstein spectrum is fully consistent with the data , as are recently published model atmosphere spectra . We compared RXTE data from a superburst with these spectra and found that the spectra predicted by previously published model atmospheres are strongly inconsistent with these high-precision measurements . +1 A comprehensive equation of state ( EOS ) table with 391 density-temperature points is constructed and the results are presented in form of two-dimensional free energy fit for interpolation . Deviations between our ab initio EOS and the semi-analytical EOS model by Saumon and Chabrier are analyzed in detail , and we use the results for initial revision of the inferred thermal state of giant planets with known values for mass and radius . +1 We observed LBVs varA , varB , varC , var2 and var83 . In three of them , var2 , var83 , varB , large-scale nebulae were found with sizes from 15 pc and larger . +1 Gas dynamical motion of interstellar medium driven by gamma ray burst is investigated in 2D approximation for different initial density distributions of host galaxy matter and different total energy of gamma ray burst . The maximum velocity of motion of interstellar medium is $ 1.8\cdot10^4 $ km/s . +1 We performed the analysis based on phase-resolved , four Stokes parameter spectropolarimetric observations obtained with the HARPSpol instrument . These data were interpreted with the magnetic Doppler imaging technique . +0 Here we show that every continuous map from a finitely connected planar domain , possibly with punctures , into $ \C\times\C^* $ is homotopic to a proper immersion that identifies at most countably many pairs of distinct points , and in most cases , only finitely many pairs . Previously we have shown that , given a continuous map $ X \to \C\times\C^* $ from a finitely connected planar domain $ X $ without isolated boundary points , a stronger Oka property holds , namely that the map is homotopic to a proper holomorphic embedding . +1 Selfies are an effective medium to grab attention ; they generate on average 1.1 -- 3.2 times more likes and comments than other types of content on Instagram . Compared to other content , interactions involving selfies exhibit variations in homophily scores ( in terms of age and gender ) that suggest they are becoming more widespread . +1 We prove that the linear-time prune-and-search algorithm -- -presented in most textbooks on algorithms -- -can be modified to use $ \Theta ( N ) $ bits instead of $ \Theta ( N ) $ words of extra space . Prior to our work , the best known algorithm by Frederickson could perform the task with $ \Theta ( N ) $ bits of extra space in $ O ( N \lg^ { * } N ) $ time . +0 To further this potential , we introduce the key metric constraint which governs shape changing actuation in these sheets . Thus , these have emerged as powerful candidates for soft actuators . +0 The data consist of events with an energetic electron or muon , missing transverse energy , and three or more hadronic jets , at least one of which is identified as a b-quark jet by reconstructing a secondary vertex . We report a measurement of the ttbar production cross section using the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron . +1 Inconsistencies in the experimental $ B $ values are observed in both the isotopes from different experiments performed using the same techniques . The present calculations are carried out using an all order relativistic many-body theory considering only single and double excitations in the coupled-cluster ansatz . +1 No direct cosmological observables are normally traceable to this period of reheating . Indirect bounds can however be derived . +1 On one hand , the density structure factor is equal to that of elastic hard spheres , except in the limit of large length-scales , as it occurs in the presence of an effective interaction . On the other hand , the velocity field shows a more complex structure which is a genuine expression of a non-equilibrium steady state and which can be compared to a recent fluctuating hydrodynamic theory with non-equilibrium noise . +1 By using local bottomgates , a p-n interface tilted with respect to the current direction can be formed . We show that the p-n interface acts as a semi-transparent mirror in the bipolar regime and that the reflectance and transmittance of the p-n interface can be tuned by the gate voltages . +0 From this formula new one-term evaluations of 2F1 ( -1 ) and 3F2 ( 1 ) are derived , by applying transformations in the Thomae group . It has as corollary a summation formula of Slater . +1 Inspired by the recent developments of constructing novel Dirac liquid boundary states of the $ 3d $ topological insulator , we propose one possible $ 2d $ boundary state of the $ 3d $ bosonic symmetry protected topological state with $ U ( 1 ) _e \rtimes Z_2^T \times U ( 1 ) _s $ symmetry . This boundary theory is described by a $ ( 2+1 ) d $ quantum electrodynamics ( QED $ _3 $ ) with two flavors of Dirac fermions ( $ N_f = 2 $ ) coupled with a noncompact U ( 1 ) gauge field : $ \mathcal { L } = \sum_ { j = 1 } ^2 \bar { \psi } _j \gamma_\mu ( \partial_\mu - i a_\mu ) \psi_j - i A^ { s } _\mu \bar { \psi_i } \gamma_\mu \tau^z_ { ij } \psi_j + \frac { i } { 2\pi } \epsilon_ { \mu\nu\rho } a_\mu \partial_\nu A^ { e } _\rho $ , where $ a_\mu $ is the internal noncompact U ( 1 ) gauge field , $ A^s_\mu $ and $ A^e_\mu $ are two external gauge fields that couple to $ U ( 1 ) _s $ and $ U ( 1 ) _e $ global symmetries respectively . +1 The $ ( q , r ) $ -Eulerian polynomials are the $ ( \maj- $ $ \exc , \fix , \exc ) $ enumerative polynomials of permutations . Using Shareshian and Wachs ' exponential generating function of these Eulerian polynomials , Chung and Graham proved two symmetrical $ q $ -Eulerian identities and asked for bijective proofs . +1 Using Hartree-Fock mean-field theory , we show that interaction-driven insulating phases with non-trivial topological invariants ( Chern number or $ Z_2 $ invariant ) exist for an experimentally reasonable range of parameters . These phases occur at filling fractions which involve either Dirac points or quadratic band crossing points in the non-interacting limit . +1 The prototype consists of four parts : antennas with broadband front-ends , analog back-ends , digital receivers and a correlator . The prototype antennas are mounted on the outermost stations of the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope ( SSRT ) array . +1 Main objective is the study of the antimatter component : antiprotons ( 80 MeV-190 GeV ) , positrons ( 50 MeV-270 GeV ) and search for antimatter with a precision of the order of $ 10^ { -8 } $ ) . The experiment , housed on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite , was launched on June , 15 2006 in a $ 350\times 600 km $ orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees . +1 The system determining the gauge-invariant fluctuations of the metric induced by the scalar fluctuations of the brane is reduced to a set of Schr\ '' odinger-like equations for the Bardeen potentials and for the canonical normal modes of the scalar-tensor action . Scalar , vector and tensor modes of the geometry are classified according to four-dimensional Lorentz transformations . +0 This equation exists in two versions , both of which can be derived by a Bogoliubov transformation , but whose equivalence is not obvious . Schwinger pair creation in a purely time-dependent electric field can be described through a quantum Vlasov equation describing the time evolution of the single-particle momentum distribution function . +0 In this paper random matrix theory ( RMT ) is applied to a cross-correlation matrix C , constructed using hedge fund returns data . The construction of a Fund of Hedge Funds portfolio requires a correlation matrix which often has to be estimated using a relatively small sample of monthly returns data which induces noise . +1 In particular , we recover the fundamental Rees 's mixed multiplicity theorem for modules , which was proved first by Kirby and Rees in \cite { Kirby-Rees1 } and recently also proved by the authors in \cite { Bedregal-Perez } . Our work is based on , and extend to this new context , the results on mixed multiplicities of ideals obtained by Vi\^et in \cite { Viet8 } and Manh and Vi\^et in \cite { Manh-Viet } . +0 Irradiation during an outburst of the outer parts of the accretion disc in a transient LMXB leads to drastic changes in the outburst properties . It is argued that irradiation in low-mass X-ray binaries ( LMXBs ) caused by accretion-generated X-rays can not only change the optical appearance of LMXBs but also their outburst properties and possibly also their long-term evolution . +1 We first consider ground state properties close to half-filling in the presence of a small bulk magnetic field . We calculate the impurity contributions to the ( zero temperature ) susceptibilities and the low temperature specific heat and determine the high-temperature characteristics of the impurity . +1 The Infrared Camera ( IRC ) is one of two focal-plane instruments on the AKARI satellite . It is designed for wide-field deep imaging and low-resolution spectroscopy in the near- to mid-infrared ( 1.8 -- 26.5um ) in the pointed observation mode of AKARI . +0 In particular , our setting allows to take into account congestion effects of almost any form . This paper presents a general existence and uniqueness result for mean field games equations on graphs ( $ \mathcal { G } $ -MFG ) . +0 This was done for a specific ( chiral ) representation of gamma-matrices and for a specific component . Phys. , v. 52 , p. 082303 ( 2011 ) ) , the Dirac equation in an arbitrary electromagnetic field was shown to be generally equivalent to a fourth-order equation for just one component of the four-component Dirac spinor function . +1 These different behaviors are determined by whether the dielectric layer is beyond the domain where the near field of nanoparticles takes effect , and geometrical optics effects must be taken into account . It is revealed that for particle of a certain size , an appropriate dielectric layer thickness is desirable to achieve the best absorption performance . +1 We also analyze a sample of Halpha emitters taken from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) to constrain the luminous end of Halpha luminosity function . Using the same selection criteria as for the SDF , and after excluding AGNs , we obtain 317 Halpha emitting star-forming galaxies . +0 The grain size ranges from 0.001 mm to 10 m for the low resolution ( ~25 000 SPH particles ) simulations and from 0.1 mm to 10 cm for the high resolution ( ~160 000 SPH particles ) simulations . We ran simulations of a 1 Msun star surrounded by a 0.01 Msun disk comprising 99 % gas and 1 % dust in mass and extending from 0.5 to ~300 AU . +1 We extend this model to describe relative statistics of early-type , or red , and late-type , or blue , galaxies , with the fraction of early type galaxies at halo centers , relative to the total sample , determined only by the halo mass and the same fraction in the case of satellites is taken to be dependent on both the halo mass and the satellite galaxy luminosity . This simple model describes the conditional luminosity functions , LF of galaxies as a function of the halo mass , measured with the 2dF galaxy group catalog from cluster to group mass scales . +1 When the hierarchy is truncated , one obtains the ordinary closed-system of correlation functions up to a certain order , and from the nPI effective action , a set of time-reversal invariant equations of motion . But when the effect of the higher order correlation functions is included ( through e.g. , causal factorization -- molecular chaos -- conditions , which we call 'slaving ' ) , in the form of a correlation noise , the dynamics of the lower order correlations shows dissipative features , as familiar in the field-theory version of Boltzmann equation . +0 The simplicity and stability of the design make it quick to assemble and inexpensive . The magnetic field profile is generated by a 3D array of permanent spherical magnets , which are self-assembled into a stable structure . +1 This project shares most of the know-how and sophisticated technology developed for the SPOrt experiment onboard the International Space Station . The payload is designed to flight onboard long duration stratospheric balloons both in the Northern and Southern hemispheres where low foreground emission sky patches are accessible . +1 Methods - Using multi-frequency VLA observations we have derived sub-arcsecond resolution images of the total intensity , polarisation , and rotation measure ( RM ) distributions . Results heading - We present multi-frequency VLA polarisation observations of CSS sources . +1 We prove that if $ D ( \A ) \B+ \A D ( \B ) +D ( \B ) \A+ \B D ( \A ) =0 $ whenever $ \A , \B\in \Mn $ are such that $ \A\B=\B\A=0 $ , then $ D ( \A ) =\delta ( \A ) +\A D ( \textbf { 1 } ) $ , where $ \delta : \Mn\rightarrow \mathcal { M } $ is a derivation and $ D ( \textbf { 1 } ) $ lies in the centre of $ \mathcal { M } $ . It is also shown that $ D $ is a generalized derivation if and only if $ D ( \A ) \B+ \A D ( \B ) +D ( \B ) \A+ \B D ( \A ) -\A D ( \textbf { 1 } ) \B-\B D ( \textbf { 1 } ) \A=0 $ whenever $ \A\B=\B\A=0 $ . +0 This symmetry is identified as the largest possible global symmetry of the free theory and extended to the case of massive neutrinos . The matter content of the Standard Model admits a global symmetry due to the generational structure of the spectrum respected by all interactions except for fermion couplings to the Higgs doublet . +1 Some infinite dimensional analogues are discussed . A simple proof is given of Arveson 's result on the weak-operator density of transitive spaces that are masa bimodules . +0 The deduced parameters of the non-thermal ( NT ) emission imply a significant fractional flux amounting to ~25 % of the integrated 3-50 keV emission . A secondary emission component is quite clearly needed , and while this could also be thermal at a temperature significantly lower than kT~15 keV , the best fit ( to the combined PCA and HEXTE datasets ) is obtained with a power law secondary spectral component . +0 Our result indicates that if there is a bound on joint localizability , it is possible to obtain a similar bound on joint measurability . In this paper , we show a simple relationship between these quantities for finite-dimensional systems . +0 Measured spectra from threshold to high energy in different conditions are well described by the models based on quantified activities . In this paper , the background models developed for three 12.5-kg NaI ( Tl ) detectors produced by Alpha Spectra Inc. and operated at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory are presented together with an evaluation of the background prospects for the full experiment . +1 We find a class of exact solutions of noncommutative gauge theories corresponding to unstable non-BPS solitons . In the two-dimensional euclidean ( or 2+1 dimensional lorentzian ) U ( 1 ) theory we find localized solutions carrying nonzero magnetic flux . +0 We focused on the zero field case to derive thermodynamic curvature and its components near the criticality . The curvature was found to have a singularity at the critical point . +1 The technique is based on preparation of an atomic ensemble in a state with a desired number of atomic spin excitations , which is later converted into a photon pulse . Spatio-temporal control over the pulses is obtained by exploiting long-lived coherent memory for photon states and electromagnetically induced transparency ( EIT ) in an optically dense atomic medium . +1 In this review , we focus on gamma rays which we argue to play a pronounced role among the various possible messengers . We discuss the most promising spectral and spatial signatures to look for , give an update on the current state of gamma-ray searches for DM and an outlook concerning future prospects . +1 Then we investigate the observables that could easily differentiate QVF from the classical magnetic dipole radiation for pulsars with braking indices ( n ) measured accurately . We show this is specially the case for the time evolution of a pulsar 's magnetic dipole direction ( $ \dot { \phi } $ ) and surface magnetic field ( $ \dot { B } _0 $ ) . +1 A search for supersymmetry is presented using a sample of events with b jets and missing transverse momentum . The search uses a data sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV , corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 35 inverse picobarns , collected with the CMS detector . +0 The third argument is related to a known critical point of the GOY shell model when the amplitude of back energy transfer becomes small . The second argument is a naive estimate of dangerous fluctuations , and also suggests that $ d_ { max } =4 $ . +1 For this analysis we have studied 49.3 million minimum bias Au-Au reactions . We present the J/Psi invariant yield dN/dy for peripheral and mid-central reactions . +0 Hence , this paper describes StructMatrix , a methodology aimed at high-scalable visual inspection of graph structures with the goal of revealing macro patterns of interest . Although there are many algorithmic and visual techniques to analyze graphs , none of the existing approaches is able to present the structural information of graphs at large-scale . +1 We consider a simple model for the growth of isolated steps on a vicinal crystal surface . It incorporates diffusion and drift of adatoms on the terrace , and strong step and kink edge barriers . +0 In particular , first , we analyze in detail the Peres-Terno argument regarding the inconsistency of hybrid quantizations of the Sudarshan type . We reappraise some of the hybrid classical-quantum models proposed in the literature with the goal of retrieving some of their common characteristics . +0 First , we construct a 1-dimensional `` quasi-hydrostatic '' model , which solves for the vertical structure introduced by X-ray heating . In particular we address the question of whether or not X-rays can drive a disc wind . +1 The equations of motion of these models reduce to systems of the Liouville equations endowed with energy and momentum constraints . The general solution of the equations and constraints in terms of chiral moduli fields is explicitly constructed and some extensions of the basic integrable model are briefly discussed . +1 This paper is devoted to the multigrid convergence analysis for the linear systems arising from the conforming linear finite element discretization of the second order elliptic equations with anisotropic diffusion . The multigrid convergence behavior is known to strongly depend on whether the discretization grid is aligned or non-aligned with the anisotropic direction and analyses in the paper will be mainly focused on two-level algorithms . +1 By examining the possible activity of the magnetic fields of accretion disks we conclude that indeed main sequence stars might accrete mass at very high rates , up to ~0.01 Mo/yr for solar type stars , and up to ~1 Mo/yr for very massive stars . We speculate that magnetic fields amplified in such extreme conditions might lead to the formation of massive bipolar outflows that can remove most of the disk 's energy and angular momentum . +1 These flows are unstable under ultra low real frequency perturbations because of the unbounded mode amplification near the sonic horizon . This results in a condensation of low frequency phonons which produces a spatially structured flow in the supersonic domain . +1 The detector setup is a pixelated detector from the Medipix/Timepix family with high-voltage post-acceleration capabilities . The mass spectral and imaging performance of the system is tested with various benchmark samples and thin tissue sections . +1 The high value for K_2 is , in part , due to the high binary inclination of the system but may also indicate a high neutron star mass . The mass function ( f_2 ) of 0.684 +/- 0.047 solar masses , along with our constraints on the companion 's spectral type ( K5V-K9V ) and previous constraints on the inclination , gives a likely range of neutron star masses from 1.2 to 1.8 solar masses . +1 The construction of a Fund of Hedge Funds portfolio requires a correlation matrix which often has to be estimated using a relatively small sample of monthly returns data which induces noise . In this paper random matrix theory ( RMT ) is applied to a cross-correlation matrix C , constructed using hedge fund returns data . +0 In the study we ignore the effects of BH mergers and assume that the velocity dispersion does not change significantly during and after the nuclear activity phase . In this paper we investigate how the BH mass versus velocity dispersion relation and the nuclear luminosity versus velocity dispersion relation in QSOs/active galactic nuclei ( AGNs ) are connected with the BH mass versus velocity dispersion relation in local galaxies , through the nuclear luminosity evolution of individual QSOs/AGNs and the mass growth of individual BHs . +1 We describe the tropicalizations of theta functions and use them to generalize the dual pairing between the character and cocharacter lattices . We use this to describe generalizations of dual cones , Newton and polar polytopes , Minkowski sums , and finite Fourier series expansions . +1 It is important because already existed objects of a new phase comsume vapor in non-linear manner and form an effective non-linear behavior of external conditions . To describe kinetics in this situatrion one can use a method proposed here . +1 A total of twelve of those sources are detected . For eleven of them an accurate position and in part detection of X-ray pulsations support the proposed identification as Be/X-ray binaries . +0 The present papers addresses the problem of isolating sentiment concepts which emerge in social networks . However it is not reasonable to think that individual sentiment categorization can encompass the new affective phenomena in digital social networks . +1 Here we extend previous studies , which considered both the quintessence and the cubic terms , by focussing on the role of the last two terms . The background evolution we consider is driven by a tracker solution . +1 The associated clustering problem is as follows : Given n points in Re^d , find k points that minimize their average pairwise L1 distance . We present a natural approximation algorithm and show that it is a 7/4-approximation for 2D grids . +1 In order to claim that one has experimentally tested whether a noncontextual ontological model could underlie certain measurement statistics in quantum theory , it is necessary to have a notion of noncontextuality that applies to unsharp measurements , i.e. , those that can only be represented by positive operator-valued measures rather than projection-valued measures . This is because any realistic measurement necessarily has some nonvanishing amount of noise and therefore never achieves the ideal of sharpness . +1 Despite the strong coupling between optical depth and temperature which determines a spectral shape insensitive to their precise values , moderate spectral changes are possible . The spectral variability patterns can be used as diagnostics for coronal physics and should allow to determine whether the optical depth of the corona is dominated by e+e- pairs . +0 Reductions in word error rate were obtained by using tied PLDA , compared with the PLDA mixture model , subspace Gaussian mixture models , and deep neural networks . We carried out experiments using the Switchboard corpus , with both mel frequency cepstral coefficient features and bottleneck feature derived from a deep neural network . +0 Can a Parliament with changing majorities in Senate to be as efficient as a Parliament with a large majority in both the Houses ? But is it really this result , as it would seem to suggest our common sense , the prelude to an inevitable phase of ungovernability ? +1 Three 2-DOF parallel mechanism architectures dedicated to machining applications are studied in this paper . The three mechanisms have two constant length struts gliding along fixed linear actuated joints with different relative orientation . +0 In particular , we explicitly derive the emptiness formation probability ( EFP ) . We give a formula expressing it by a single term of multiple integrals . +0 An application of the theory of building sets and nested set complexes by Feichtner and Kozlov shows that in fact T_G is subdivided by the order complex of Q_G . Hultman shows that T_G and Q_G are homotopy equivalent and Cohen-Macaulay , and determines the rank of their top homology . +1 By means of two alternative superanalytic approaches , the coset method and the graded eigenvalue method , we derive the two-level correlation function $ X_2 ( r ) $ and the number variance $ \Sigma^2 ( r ) $ . The graded eigenvalue approach leads to an expression for $ X_2 ( r ) $ which is valid for all values of the parameter $ \lambda $ governing the strength of the GUE admixture on the unfolded scale . +1 We claim that the fuzzieness in quantum mechanics , in statistical physics and thermodynamics is due to the fact that we do not see the real image of the object , but a holographic projection of it . We found that the projection of a point particle is a de Broglie-type wave . +1 StarScan comprises of a CCD camera , telecentric lens , air-bearing granite table , stepper motor screws , and Heidenhain scales to operate in a step-stare mode . The repeatability of StarScan measures is about 0.2 micrometer . +0 The distinction between single and binary stars is not clear cut , except for the colliding wind system HD 152248 . The cut-off line between the two behaviours occurs at $ L_\mathrm { bol } \sim 10^ { 38 } $ erg s $ ^ { -1 } $ as previously proposed by \citet { BSC97 } . +1 A complete characterization of closed subgroups of powers of the symmetric group is obtained . It is also shown that every AE ( 0 ) -group is Baire isomorphic to the product of Polish groups . +1 Generically , these solutions are spinning black holes with scalar hairs . They can be characterized ( but not uniquely ) by an horizon and an angular velocity on this horizon . +1 Non-magnetic light element atmospheres can not be simultaneously reconciled with the optical and X-ray data . We extend previous studies , which were limited to one fixed neutron star mass and radius . +0 While only flattening the dark-matter halo has little influence , the addition of angular momentum slows down the infall of gas , so that star formation ( SF ) and the ensuing feedback are less centrally concentrated , occurring galaxy-wide . We propose a `` centrifugal barrier mechanism '' as an alternative to the previously suggested `` fountain mechanism '' for explaining the flat metallicity profiles of dIrrs and flat , rotating dEs . +1 Thus , these have emerged as powerful candidates for soft actuators . To further this potential , we introduce the key metric constraint which governs shape changing actuation in these sheets . +1 We estimate the radii and the masses and derive a mass ratio M_2/M_1 = 2.1 . We confirm that V524 Mon is a W-type contact system , likely enclosed in a common convective envelope , as found by Samec & amp ; Loflin ( 2003 ) . +1 The calculations are as easy as the other treatments based on other known prescriptions . Unlike the `` uniform-prescription '' /L-M prescription , we note , here , the absence of any non-local divergences in the 2-point proper vertex . +1 In addition to the previous calculations we use a Coulomb potential derived from a realistic proton density distribution in nucleus , improve the precision of the numerical routines used to solve the Dirac equations and to integrate the PSF expressions , and use recently reported Q-values . These ingredients proved to be important , leading in many cases to significant differences as compared to the present available PSF values , which are discussed as well . +0 Rate-equations are used to extract the tunnelling rates , which change by an order of magnitude with tunnel-barrier gate voltage . We measure the electron escape-rate from surface-acoustic-wave dynamic quantum dots ( QDs ) through a tunnel barrier . +1 The di-muon resonances from J/psi and Y decays are presented and their total and differential cross-sections measured . The inclusive B production have also being investigated and two independent measurements are reported . +0 Our data for C ( T , H ) and resistivity rho ( T , H ) can be interpreted in favor of the dominant orbital contribution to the pair-breaking mechanism at low fields , while Pauli limiting effect dominates at high fields , giving rise to a gapless superconducting state with only the leading non-zero gap . We find that all three components have values which are comparable with the previously reported ones for the stochiometric compound KFe $ _2 $ As $ _2 $ . +0 Here , we study a binary alloy disorder ( or equivalently , a spinless Falicov-Kimball ( FK ) ) model and construct a dominantly analytic cluster extension that treats intra-cluster ( $ 1/d $ , $ d $ =spatial dimension ) correlations exactly . It is long known that the best single-site coherent potential approximation ( CPA ) falls short of describing Anderson localization ( AL ) . +0 This should help isolate the CMB polarization fluctuations that are due to reionization , allowing both cleaning of the patchy reionization polarization signal as a contaminating source of confusion to other signals and a measurement of the primordial quadrupole that would be measured at various locations in the universe at the epoch of reionization . We find that the electron-scattering optical depth and 21-cm differential brightness temperature are strongly anti-correlated , allowing optical depth estimates based entirely on redshifted 21-cm measurements . +1 The impact of new stellar evolution models with rotation on the predictions of population synthesis models is discussed . Massive rotating stars have larger convective cores than their non-rotating counterparts , and their outer layers are chemically enriched due to increased mixing . +0 Nowadays , in order to solve problems with false positive alters , correlation algorithms are used to add additional structure to sequences of IDS alerts . While a wide range of approaches have met varying levels of success , most IDS 's rely on having access to a database of known attack signatures which are written by security experts . +0 We also explored the stability of the XO-2 system given various orbital configurations of a hypothetical planet near the 2:1 mean motion resonance . Our study of the transit times show no evidence for transit timing variations and we are able to rule out co-planar companions with masses \ge 0.20 \mearth\ in low order mean motion resonance with XO-2b . +0 We find that an appropriate connection for establishing equivalence is one that arose in a recent paper by Kugo and Zwiebach . This paper establishes the equivalence of a deformed theory with that in a nearby state space in the bundle via a connection that defines maps between nearby state spaces . +1 The constraints from the cosmic background explorer can be met with natural values of the relevant parameters . Also , there is no disastrous production of magnetic monopoles after inflation since the Pati-Salam gauge group is already broken on the `` shifted '' path . +0 When the binary alloy under preparation is subjected to a rapid reduction in temperature below a critical temperature , it has been experimentally observed that the concentration changes from a mixed state to a visibly distinct spatially separated two phase for binary alloy . This equation was originally introduced to model phase separation in binary alloys , where phase stands for concentration of different components in alloy . +1 In order to preserve the nonlinear nature of the obstruction , asymptotic expansions in the low-Froude or low-Bond number limits can be derived , but here , the solutions invariably predict a waveless surface at every order . This is because the waves are in fact , exponentially small , and thus beyond-all-orders of regular asymptotics ; their formation is a consequence of the divergence of the asymptotic series and the associated Stokes Phenomenon . +1 The effect of 'bulk ' resistivity on electric fields and signals is investigated . The spreading of charge on thin resistive layers is also discussed in detail , and the conditions for allowing the effect to be described by the diffusion equation is discussed . +1 At least two outflowing components are identified , one with OH radiatively excited , and the other with low excitation , presumably spatially extended . Particularly prominent , the blue wing of the absorption detected in the in-ladder 2Pi_ { 3/2 } J=9/2-7/2 OH doublet at 65 um , with E_lower=290 K , indicates that the excited outflowing gas is generated in a compact and warm ( circum ) nuclear region . +0 On the level of observables , this reduction manifests itself in an enhancement of the Polyakov loop and in a suppression of the light quark condensates ( inverse magnetic catalysis ) in the transition region . Lattice simulations have demonstrated that a background ( electro ) magnetic field reduces the chiral/deconfinement transition temperature of quantum chromodynamics for eB & lt ; 1 GeV^2 . +0 Simulation for an aerial manipulator is performed to compare estimation performance between the proposed control algorithm and conventional adaptive sliding mode controller . With the estimated mass information and the augmented passivity-based controller , the aerial manipulator can fly with the unknown object . +1 We study properties of the Hirzebruch class of quotient singularities $ C^n/G $ , where $ G $ is a finite matrix group . The main aim of this paper is to show a relation between this invariant and the Molien series of $ G $ , which can be thought of as an incarnation of the McKay correspondence . +1 Using daily price changes instead , we find evidence of a significant GARCH component . These results suggest that microstructure elements have a considerable influence on the return generating process . +1 The simulation quantitatively reproduced the cumulative probability distribution of revenue , material cost , capital , and labor . Then , the response of the firms to a given exogenous shock , defined as a sudden change of gross domestic product , is discussed . +1 We propose a way of implementing the Broad Histogram Monte Carlo method to systems with continuous degrees of freedom , and we apply these ideas to investigate the three-dimensional XY-model with periodic boundary conditions . We have found an excellent agreement between our method and traditional Metropolis results for the energy , the magnetization , the specific heat and the magnetic susceptibility on a very large temperature range . +0 We introduce content transfer , an information-theoretic measure with a predictive interpretation that directly quantifies the strength of the effect of one user 's content on another 's in a model-free way . Most content on social networks is difficult to model because the modes and motivation of human expression are diverse and incompletely understood . +0 Gas sensing ability of these compounds as well as the sample resistance appeared to increase by 4 and 8 orders of the magnitude , respectively , with the doping level increase from zero up to x=10 % . Solid state synthesis and physical mechanisms of electrical conductivity variation in polycrystalline , strontium doped indium oxide In2O3 : ( SrO ) x were investigated for materials with different doping levels at different temperatures ( T=20-300 C ) and ambient atmosphere content including humidity and low pressure . +0 The trilayer with metallic ferromagnets is controlled by the formation of non local pair correlations among the two ferromagnets which do not exist with insulating ferromagnets . We consider a microscopic theory of F/S/F trilayers with metallic or insulating ferromagnets . +0 The images show UV emission from both the active nucleus and the host galaxy . Here we present ultraviolet images , taken with the OM UVW2 filter ( 140-270 nm ) , of various Seyfert galaxies , some of which have never been observed in this waveband before . +1 We find that the presence of matter effects in the survival probabilities for $ ^8B $ neutrinos give the solar neutrino experiments SK and SNO an edge over KamLAND , as far as $ \theta_ { 12 } $ sensitivity is concerned , particularly near maximal mixing . Among solar neutrino experiments we identify SNO as the most promising candidate for constraining $ \theta_ { 12 } $ and make a projected sensitivity test for the mixing angle by reducing the error in the neutral current measurement at SNO . +1 We formulate a simple theory of these shape transitions , which is adapted from a calculation originally developed by Binder and coworkers [ { \em J . Chem.Phys . } { \bf 120 } , 5293 ( 2004 ) ] . +1 The method yields physical insight into the maximum-likelihood determinations of the luminosity and velocity distribution and enables us to conduct a vigorous Monte Carlo investigation into various systematic effects . We apply our analytic formalism to the RR Lyrae sample of Layden et al . +1 In this short review article , we outline , using flavor-dependent sleptons as an example , how flavor can affect both searches for supersymmetry , and future measurements aimed at understanding the nature of any new discoveries . If the production cross-sections for supersymmetry are relatively low , as indicated by the fact that it has not revealed itself yet in standard searches , the usual assumptions about the superpartner spectra need re-thinking . +1 We synthesized hexagonal-disc-shaped MgB2 single crystals under high-pressure conditions and analyzed the microstructure and pinning properties . The lattice constants and the Laue pattern of the crystals from X-ray micro-diffraction showed the crystal symmetry of MgB2 . +0 We separate the contributions of vacuum fluctuations and radiation reaction to the resonance energy shift of the system , and show that only radiation reaction contributes , while Unruh thermal fluctuations do not affect the resonance interaction . In this case ( resonance interaction ) , the interatomic interaction is a second-order effect in the atom-field coupling . +1 Reduction in Meissner fraction ( the ratio of field cooled to zero field cooled magnetization ) is observed with increasing Sr content , suggesting occurrence of flux pining in the doped samples . The ac susceptibility and resistivity measurements reveal improved grain couplings in Sr substituted samples . +1 We have composed a sample of 68 massive stars in our galaxy whose projected rotational velocity , effective temperature and gravity are available from high-precision spectroscopic measurements . The additional seven observed variables considered here are their surface nitrogen abundance , rotational frequency , magnetic field strength , and the amplitude and frequency of their dominant acoustic and gravity mode of oscillation . +0 We apply our analytic formalism to the RR Lyrae sample of Layden et al . The method yields physical insight into the maximum-likelihood determinations of the luminosity and velocity distribution and enables us to conduct a vigorous Monte Carlo investigation into various systematic effects . +0 The mass of the scalar field decouples from the UV dimension of the dual scalar operator and can be chosen as negative as we want , without disturbing the Breitenlohner-Freedman bound . We investigate holographic superconductors in asympototically geometries with hyperscaling violation . +0 In this article we summarise the main steps and contributions that led to one of the most exciting discoveries ever made , of which Lema\^itre was the principal architect . Was it Hubble , or Lema\^itre , or was it just the end result of a long series of investigations ? +1 Numerical relativity has seen incredible progress in the last years , and is being applied with success to a variety of physical phenomena , from gravitational-wave research and relativistic astrophysics to cosmology and high-energy physics . Here we probe the limits of current numerical setups , by studying collisions of unequal mass , non-rotating black holes of mass-ratios up to 1:100 and making contact with a classical calculation in General Relativity : the infall of a point-like particle into a massive black hole . +1 Aluminum abundances were derived from the strong doublet Al I 8772-8773 A measured on intermediate resolution FLAMES spectra of 50 cluster stars acquired under the Gaia-ESO public survey . We coupled these abundances with previously derived abundance of O , Na , Mg to fully characterize the interplay of the NeNa and MgAl cycles of H-burning at high temperature in the early stellar generation in NGC 1851 . +1 This approach towards solving the gauge hierarchy problem is therefore complementary to recent proposals involving both large and small extra spacetime dimensions . This approach may also give a new perspective towards simultaneously solving the cosmological constant problem . +0 In particular , the entropy profiles , scaled to the virial radius , are broadly similar in form across the sample , apart from a normalization factor which differs from the simple self-similar scaling with temperature . Some of the properties we derive appear to be inconsistent with any of the models put forward to explain the breaking of self-similarity in the baryon content of clusters . +1 It has a sharp cutoff on the high latitude side . Distance , velocity , and proper motion measurements are consistent with previous orbit fits . +0 In relation to coordinate transformations , there had been confusions around such concepts as symmetry , covariance , invariance , and gauge transformations . Then the principle may be called `` principle of geometricity . '' +1 We consider the Kane-Mele model with spin-orbit coupling supplemented by a Hubbard U term . On the basis of projective auxiliary field quantum Monte Carlo simulations on lattice sizes up to 15 x 15 , we map out the phase diagram . +1 In this paper , we study the supercurrent in a mesoscopic Josephson junction ( MJJ ) and its quantum statistical properties in the presence of nonclassical light fields . We investigate in detail the influence of external nonclassical light fields on current-voltage step structures of the MJJ . +0 Earlier results of a power-like divergence are confirmed qualitatively ( the kinetic term does contain the main effect of warping ) but not quantitatively ( the correct results differ by an order one coefficient ) . We work out the kinetic term for the complex modulus of a deformed conifold with flux , i.e.the Klebanov-Strassler solution embedded in a compact Calabi-Yau manifold . +0 Finally , we give a presentation of $ \overrightarrow { B } _ { r , s } $ in terms of generators and relations . As an ingredient for the proof of our main result , we construct a new diagrammatic realization $ \overrightarrow { D } _ { k } $ of the Sergeev superalgebra $ Ser_ { k } $ . +0 According to our study , the overall best performing density functional approximation for determining the structure and elastic properties is the PBEsol , closely followed by the two hybrid functionals PBE0 and HSE , and the AM05 functional . Depending on the functional and which error estimate that is being used , the difference in the error between the elastic constants and the bulk modulus can be rather large , about a factor of two . +0 The second is discrete in time : the model one infers is a parametric representation of a time series that can be directly used for computation . The first is continuous in time , where one uses data to infer a model in the form of stochastic differential equations , which are then discretized for numerical solution . +0 The quantitative and qualitatively characterization of the spin squeezing phenomena is performed through a squeezing parameter and squeezing angle developed for the two-mode BEC system , and , as well , by the Wigner quasi-probability distribution function . We use the spin angular momentum representation to describe formally the nonlinear operators that produce the spin squeezing . +1 Conventional design requires exactly the same number of base functions as given data , and the result is not robust against outliers . To solve these problems , we propose to use L1 optimality , that is , we use the L1 norm for the regularization term and/or the empirical risk term . +0 M3 and M13 are thus an extreme case of the `` second parameter problem '' in HB morphology . M3 has no such feature . +1 In this paper we present the first-ever computer formalization of the theory of Gr\ '' obner bases in reduction rings , which is an important theory in computational commutative algebra , in Theorema . Not only the formalization , but also the formal verification of all results has already been fully completed by now ; this , in particular , includes the generic implementation and correctness proof of Buchberger 's algorithm in reduction rings . +0 As a special case , these yield explicit formulas for Tukey 's h pdf and cdf - to the author 's knowledge for the first time in the literature . This inverse can remove heavy tails from data , and also provide analytical expressions for the cumulative distribution ( cdf ) and probability density function ( pdf ) . +0 The particles are assumed to be spinless fermions or hard-core bosons . We consider a one-dimensional lattice model with the nearest-neighbor interaction $ V_1 $ and the next-nearest neighbor interaction $ V_2 $ with filling factor 1/2 at zero temperature . +1 Spiral galaxies are considered as static , spherically symmetric Dark Matter Configurations ( DMC ) in which non-zero rest-mass particles ( NZRPs ) move along appropriate trajectories . Using general relativity ( GR ) , we show that a mass of dark matter about 127 - 212 $ \times 10^ { 11 } M_ { \odot } $ is required inside the sphere of size $ a \sim 10 $ kpc for agreement with the observed typical orbital velocity ranging from 150 to 250 km sec $ ^ { -1 } $ . +0 The zero order approximation gives the classical Gross-Pitaevskii equations . We develop a consistent perturbation theory in quantum fluctuations around the classical evolution of a system of interacting bosons . +0 The spontaneous self-organization of MWCNTs was observed and investigated both theoretically and experimentally . The nonocomposites on the base of long ( 5-10 $ \mu $ m , $ { o } $ -MWCNTs ) and short ( 2 $ \mu $ m , $ { m } $ -MWCNTs ) multi-walled carbon nanotubes ( MWCNTs ) hosted by nematic 5CB were investigated in details by means of polarizing microscopy , studies of electrical conductivity and electro-optical behaviour . +0 These percentages are nearly identical to those found for luminous , low-redshift clusters of galaxies , suggesting little evolution in cluster cores since z~0.4 and that heating and cooling mechanisms may already have stabilised by this epoch . At a radius of 50 kpc , we find that at least 55 per cent of the clusters in our sample exhibit signs of mild cooling [ t ( cool ) & lt ; 10 Gyr ] , while in the central bin at least 34 per cent demonstrate signs of strong cooling [ t ( cool ) & lt ; 2 Gyr ] . +0 In the last section we exhibit a version of the Law of Sines for Radon planes . Sine preserving self-mappings are studied , and a complete description of the linear ones is given . +1 The continuous walk operates with continuous time . Here a third model for a quantum walk is proposed , which is based on an analogy to optical interferometers . +0 We establish the basic properties of this enrichment . As a consequence , every object in such a model category has a naturally associated endomorphism ring inside this spectra category . +0 Through particular differential operators which reduce the loop order by one , we present explicit equations for the two-loop eight-point finite diagrams which relate them to massive hexagons . In this paper we consider multi-loop integrals appearing in MHV scattering amplitudes of planar N=4 SYM . +0 For the low-dissipation engines , we calculate the maximum gain in efficiency for an arbitrary fixed power . Close to maximum power , the maximum gain in efficiency scales as a square root of relative loss in power and this scaling is universal for broad class of systems . +1 In the SO ( 10 ) GUT framework , we impose the D-parity realization below GUT scale . These two conditions makes our model more restrictive and predictive . +0 Throughout , the ionized gas contribution is negligible ( $ \lesssim $ 3 % ) . The [ CII ] emission peaks in the central $ \lesssim $ 1 kpc of our galaxies as do the SFR radial profiles , with most [ CII ] ( $ \gtrsim $ 70 % ) originating in the molecular gas phase , whereas further out ( $ \gtrsim $ 2 kpc ) , the atomic/PDR gas dominates ( $ \gtrsim $ 90 % ) the [ CII ] emission , no longer tracing on-going star formation . +0 The time evolution of the system can be described by an effective non-hermitian Hamiltonian H_ { eff } , in accord with the Wigner -- Weisskopf approximation , and an additional term of the Lindblad form , the socalled dissipator . We consider an open quantum system which contains unstable states . +1 Random paths are obtained by selecting one of the network nodes at random and performing a random self-avoiding walk ( here called path-walk ) until its termination . It is shown that the distribution of random paths are markedly different for diverse complex network models ( i.e.Erdos-Renyi , Barabasi-Albert , Watts-Strogatz , a geographical model , as well as two recently introduced path-based network types ) , with the BA structures yielding the shortest random walks , while the longest paths are produced by WS networks . +1 The solution to the problem minimizes a suitable divergence index with respect to an a priori spectral density . We derive a new divergence family between multivariate spectral densities which takes root in the prediction theory . +0 This has the surprising consequence that while 2 particles , or polygonal arrays of 4 or more colloids , synchronize with the nearest neighbors in anti-phase , a system of 3 equally spaced colloids synchronizes in-phase . It is remarkable that the dynamical state can therefore be predicted from the mean spatial configuration of the active colloids , or from an analysis of the fluctuations near equilibrium . +0 Second , we considered that both scattering cross sections are of the same order , with the aim of studying the dependencies of the capture rate on stellar elements other than hydrogen . Two scenarios were considered : first , we assumed the maximal values for the spin-dependent and spin-independent DM particle-nucleon scattering cross sections allowed by the limits from direct detection experiments . +1 In 2001 , Montgomery \cite { MR2702379 } conjectured that , for a $ d $ -regular graph $ G $ , $ \chi_2 ( G ) -\chi ( G ) \leq 2 $ . In this regard , for a $ d $ -regular graph $ G $ , we present two upper bounds for $ \chi_2 ( G ) -\chi ( G ) $ , one of them , $ \lceil 5.437\log d+2.721\rceil $ , is an improvement of the bound $ 14.06\log d +1 $ , proved by Alishahi ( 2011 ) \cite { MR2746973 } . +0 It was pointed out by many authors that the non-regular eigenvectors should correspond to the Bethe ansatz wavefunctions which have multiple infinite rapidities . For the one-dimensional XXX model under the periodic boundary conditions , we discuss two types of eigenvectors , regular eigenvectors which have finite-valued rapidities satisfying the Bethe ansatz equations , and non-regular eigenvectors which are descendants of some regular eigenvectors under the action of the SU ( 2 ) spin-lowering operator . +0 This `` standard '' ruler has now been detected to be flexible , as expected under general relativity . The BAO peak standard ruler should also follow this inhomogeneous evolution if the comoving rigidity assumption is false . +1 We report on observations of CO ( 1-0 ) emission from the chemically young starburst galaxy Mrk 109 . These observations were part of a study to constrain the O2/CO ratio in metal-deficient galaxies , which were motivated by theoretical work that suggests the possible enhancement of the O2/CO ratio in chemically young systems . +0 The change in gravitational potential induced by a dark matter halo passing near the line of sight to a pulsar would produce a varying delay in the light travel time of photons from the pulsar . Small-scale dark matter structure within the Milky Way is expected to affect pulsar timing . +1 It turned out that accreting low magnetic-field neutron stars show quasi-periodic oscillations in their X-ray flux at rates of up to more than a kilohertz . These kHz QPO , now reported from eleven different systems , are among the fastest phenomena in the sky and can provide us with new information about the fundamental properties of neutron stars and help testing general relativity in the strong-field regime . +0 In this respect , neutrino vacuum behaves like electromagnetic one and differs from the conformal scalar vacuum which does not seem to violate energy conditions for slowly varied metric automatically , but requires self-consistent wormhole solution for this . This is a necessary condition for the neutrino vacuum to be able to support the wormhole geometry . +1 We revisit in more detail a model for element abundance fractionation in the solar chromosphere , that gives rise to the `` FIP Effect '' in the solar corona and wind . Elements with first ionization potential below about 10 eV , i.e.those that are predominantly ionized in the chromosphere , are enriched in the corona by a factor 3-4 . +1 We additionally show how our new procedure can be used to identify the components where non-stationarities occur and indicate possible extensions of this innovative approach . We conclude with an extensive simulation study , which shows finite sample properties of the new method and contains a comparison with existing approaches . +1 The Australia Telescope Compact Array ( ATCA ) was used to observe these sources with 2 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth from 1.1 to 3.1 GHz . This allowed us to spectrally resolve the polarization structure of spatially unresolved radio sources , and by fitting various Faraday rotation models to the data , we conclusively demonstrate that two of the sources can not be described by a simple rotation measure ( RM ) component modified by depolarization from a foreground Faraday screen . +0 The supporting role of physical models of SNe Ia also is discussed . We emphasize that SN Ia evolution differs in an important respect from the kind of evolution that has foiled some past projects in observational cosmology , and we outline empirical strategies that will take it into account . +0 Contrary to previous calculations , no expansion in the mass ratio mc/mb is performed , and all the possible Dirac and flavor structures are included . We evaluate two-loop b - & gt ; s gamma matrix elements of all the four-quark operators containing no derivatives . +1 Homotopy algorithm reduces the regularization parameter in a series of steps , and uses proximal-gradient algorithm to solve the problem at each step . Proximal-gradient algorithm has a linear rate of convergence given that the objective function is strongly convex and the gradient of the smooth component of the objective function is Lipschitz continuous . +0 For each group we compute two statistics , $ { \cal R } $ and $ { \cal S } $ , which quantify the offsets of the line-of-sight velocities and projected positions of brightest group galaxies relative to the other group members . In this paper we test the validity of the CGP using a large galaxy group catalogue constructed from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey . +1 In this droplets , magnetite crystals with a size of around 10-20 nm were observed . These magnetite nanoparticles with superparamagnetic behaviour are arranged to larger aggregates . +0 We show their connection through the $ ( V-A ) $ spin correlation between the charged lepton and the top quark with different polarization states . We examine the relationship of the two asymmetries $ A_ { FB } ^t $ and $ A_ { FB } ^\ell $ . +1 Our procedure unifies in a single structure the quantum plane coordinates and the q-group matrix elements T^a_b , and allows to deduce without effort the differential calculus on the q-plane IGL_qr ( N ) / GL_qr ( N ) . The general theory is illustrated on the example of IGL_qr ( 2 ) . +1 We study the effects of hard core ( HC ) interactions between different species of particles on two-species branching annihilating random walks with one offspring ( BAW $ _2 $ ( 1 ) ) . The single-species model belongs to the directed percolation ( DP ) universality class . +0 In the present work , we find boundary conditions that ensure that the metric arising from this gauge fixing is well defined and that the resulting reduced system has a consistent Hamiltonian dynamics . This family was recently obtained by performing a complete gauge fixing adapted to cylindrical symmetry . +0 We generalize this method to functionals $ j $ which are differentiable in a Banach space . The analysis is classically performed in a Hilbert space $ H $ . +0 Furthermore , the hole mechanism and electron-phonon mechanism differ qualitatively in their predictions of the effect on $ T_c $ of change in the $ B-B $ distances . It is proposed that a critical test of which theory is correct is the dependence of $ T_c $ on hole doping : the hole mechanism predicts that $ T_c $ will drop rapidly to zero as holes are added , while the electron-phonon mechanism appears to predict increasing $ T_c $ for a substantial range of hole doping . +0 Here we discuss the impact of these phenomena imprint on gravitational and quantum field theory 's standard history . Mainly , on the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) fifth year , the data indicates that more than 90 % of the total energy density of the universe is dark . +0 The corresponding plasma has anomalously weak screening properties , and as a consequence we find that the correlations along the edge do not decay algebraically as in the Laughlin ( incompressible ) case , while the bulk correlations decay in the same way . We study bulk and edge correlations in the compressible half-filled state , using a modified version of the plasma analogy . +0 A three-dimensional reconstruction of a gold-embedded ethosome generated by cryoelectron tomography reveals that the gold particle is localized inside the lipid bilayer , leaving the ethosome surface and core free for further functionalization . High efficiency encapsulation of gold nanoparticles is achieved by a simple strategy : the nanoparticles synthesis occurs simultaneously with the ethosomes formation , in the absence of any undesirable reducing agents . +0 Following an approach of [ GT ] we consider the next case $ n=5 $ and obtain the same result under the assumption that the set of zeros of $ X $ is not empty . The case $ n=4 $ was considered in [ GT ] where the authors prove that $ X $ is a Killing vector field while the manifold $ V^4 $ is isometric to the quotient of $ M^2\times ( R^2 , g_F ) \times R $ by the flow along the corresponding Killing field . +0 As is the norm for Boolean circuits , our circuits have multiple sink gates , which implies that an OR circuit computes an OR function on some subset of its input variables . As their name suggests , OR circuits have OR gates as their computation gates , as well as the usual input , output and constant ( 0/1 ) gates . +0 We investigate quantitatively the impact of such modelling inaccuracies on the significance of star formation history reconstructions obtained from optical integrated spectra . Model color magnitude diagrams of low-metallicity globular clusters usually show a deficit of hot evolved stars with respect to observations . +1 Either scenario has important implications for plate kinematic models aiming to reconstruct the tectonic evolution of the region and the late Jurassic seaoor spreading geometry of this now subducted Argo-Tanimbar-Seram ( ATS ) ocean basin . Wider implications affect the tectonic conguration of the Tethyan-Pacic realm , the distribution of plate boundaries as well as the shape and size of continental blocks which have been rifted off the northeastern Gondwana margin during the Late Jurassic and are now accreted to the SE Asia margin . +0 The dense core of Mol160/IRAS23385+6053 , which up to now had only been detected at submm and mm wavelenghts has been revealed for the first time at 24 and 70 micron by Spitzer . We further investigate this issue by means of Spitzer imaging and spectroscopy in the 5-70 micron range . +0 We estimate the rainbow index $ \lambda $ and energy scale $ M $ in the gravity 's rainbow scenario by analyzing the Planck temperature and WMAP polarization datasets . The scalar power spectrum is expected to be nearly scale-invariant . +0 For example , what are the conditions for it to stably recover compressible signals under noise ? Recently the performance of the L1-analysis method has been a focus , while some fundamental problems for the L1-synthesis method are still unsolved . +0 Additional instruments tuned to higher-order transitions of the CO molecule or an instrument operating with high spectral resolution at mm-wavelengths targeting 158 $ \mu $ m CII could further improve the reionization studies with molecular gas . We discuss the feasibility of detecting the cross-correlation between HI and CO molecular gas since such a cross-correlation has the advantage that it will be independent of systematics and most foregrounds in each of the 21-cm and CO $ ( 1-0 ) $ line experiments . +1 The mathematical representation of an idealized waywiser consists of a choice of symmetric space called a { \em model space } and represents the `wheel ' of the idealized waywiser . The geometry of a manifold is then completely characterized by a pair of variables $ \ { V^A ( x ) , A^ { AB } ( x ) \ } $ , each of which admit simple interpretations : $ V^A $ is the point of contact between the waywiser 's idealized wheel and the manifold whose geometry one wishes to characterize , and $ A^ { AB } =A_\mu^ { \phantom { \mu } AB } dx^\mu $ is a connection one-form dictating how much the idealized wheel of the waywiser has rotated when rolled along the manifold . +0 We found slightly smaller asymmetry at $ \sqrt { S } =500 $ GeV for $ \pi^ { \pm,0 } $ and $ K^+ $ compared with those at the lower energies . After discussing the flavor decomposition and the $ P_T $ -dependence of the asymmetry obtained in the previous analysis at the center-of-mass energy $ \sqrt { S } =62.4 $ and 200 GeV , we will give a prediction for the asymmetry at $ \sqrt { S } =500 $ GeV and also for the $ \eta $ -meson production . +0 The analysis of the Bailey diagram shows that the luminosity amplitude of the first overtone component in double-mode variables is located along the long-period tail of regular first overtone variables , while the fundamental component is located along the short-period tale of regular fundamental variables . The current sample includes 92 RR Lyrae-six of them are new identifications-and 20 Anomalous Cepheids , one of which is new identification . +0 Convection is computed using large eddy simulations . We have developed a multidimensional radiation hydrodynamics code to simulate the interaction of radial stellar pulsation and convection for full amplitude pulsating models . +1 In this work we investigate how efficiently galactic winds can provide an intense and widespread `` seed '' magnetisation . This may be used to explain the magnetic fields observed today in clusters of galaxies and in the intergalactic medium ( IGM ) . +1 The equivariant gauge fixing introduces constant ghost fields as moduli of the model . We study the parameter- and moduli- space perturbatively . +0 Here we discuss two such relations : the lag-luminosity relation and the newly discovered duration-luminosity relation of GRB pulses . Relations linking the temporal or/and spectral properties of the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts ( hereafter GRBs ) to the absolute luminosity are of great importance as they both constrain the radiation mechanisms and represent potential distance indicators . +0 Instead , such a criticism could have a `negative reaction ' to the article itself and to the use of Bayesian reasoning in courts , as well as in all other places in which probabilities need to be assessed and decisions need to be made . In this light I show that , contrary to what claimed in that article , there was no `` probabilistic pitfall '' in the Columbo 's episode pointed as example of `` bad mathematics '' yielding `` rough justice '' . +0 An additional , trigonometric deformation of the measure arises in five-dimensional theories . We find matrix models encoding the instanton part of Nekrasov partition functions , whose measure , to the leading order in $ \epsilon_2 $ expansion , is given by the Vandermonde determinant to the power $ \beta=-\epsilon_1/\epsilon_2 $ . +0 In particular , this shows that in this case the distribution of any non-constant self-adjoint non-commutative polynomial in the generators does not have atoms . Moreover , under the assumption of maximal non-microstates free entropy dimension , we prove that there are no zero divisors in the sense that the product of any non-commutative polynomial in the generators with any element from the von Neumann algebra is zero if and only if at least one of those factors is zero . +1 We determine these form factors from the present BELLE data on gamma gamma - & gt ; B Bbar with the help of simplifying assumptions . The knowledge of these form factors allow for predictions of p pbar - & gt ; gamma M for various mesons which may be probed at FAIR . +1 GaN is a wide-bandgap semiconductor used in high-efficiency LEDs and solar cells . The solid is produced industrially at high chemical purities by deposition from a vapour phase , and oxygen may be included at this stage . +0 At fixed momentum scale we find that , in contrast to $ \lambda\phi^4 $ or QED , high-temperature QCD is strongly coupled , even after renormalization group improvement . Using both momentum and temperature renormalization group equations we investigate the running coupling in the magnetic sector as a function of temperature and momentum scale . +1 The use of a physical nuclear equation of state allows us to include the effects of neutrino emission . For low neutron star to black hole mass ratios the neutron star transfers mass to the black hole during a few cycles of orbital decay and subsequent widening before finally being disrupted , whereas for ratios near unity the neutron star is already distroyed during its first approach . +0 We apply approximation theory for pseudo-Boolean functions to binary Markov random fields and construct approximations and upper and lower bounds for the associated computationally intractable normalising constant . This makes parameter estimation and a fully Bayesian treatment of discrete Markov random fields difficult . +1 Context : Hadronic models , involving matter ( proton or nuclei ) acceleration in blazar jets , imply high energy photon and neutrino emissions due to interactions of high-energy protons with matter and/or radiation in the source environment . Aims : This paper shows that the sensitivity of the IceCube neutrino telescope in its 40-string configuration ( IC-40 ) is already at the level of constraining the parameter space of purely hadronic scenarios of activity of blazars . +0 We discuss the results of numerical experiments used to determine the best methods , in practice , for each parameter and variable regime considered . The methods that we investigate include Taylor and asymptotic series computations , Gauss-Jacobi quadrature , numerical solution of differential equations , recurrence relations , and others . +0 Helfrich theorises that idealised elastic phospholipid bilayers minimise H^ { c_0 } among all possible configurations . The Helfrich functional , denoted by H^ { c_0 } , is a mathematical expression proposed by Helfrich ( 1973 ) for the natural free energy carried by an elastic phospholipid bilayer . +0 Among the most fundamental properties of such exotic nuclides , usually established first , is the half-life , possible radioactive decay modes , and their relative probabilities . The last decades brought an impressive progress in synthesizing and studying properties of nuclides located very far from the beta stability line . +1 The critical point is found to be located at \begin { equation } a_c^+ = \cases { 1.779 \pm 0.003 , & amp ; \hbox { in the square lattice } ; \\ 1.306 \pm 0.007 , & amp ; \hbox { in the cubic lattice } . } \end { equation } These results are then used to estimate the crossover exponent $ \phi $ associated with the adsorption transition , giving \begin { equation } \phi = \cases { 0.496 \pm 0.009 , & amp ; \hbox { in two dimensions } ; \\ 0.505 \pm 0.006 , & amp ; \hbox { in three dimensions } . } +0 We find that the photon collider has a sensitivity for discovering the radion in low-mass region up to $ \Lambda_\phi\sim 3 { \rm TeV } $ , where $ \Lambda_\phi $ is a scale parameter which suppresses the interactions of radion to the Standard Model particles . Owing to the trace anomaly of the energy-momentum tensor , both a production of radion in $ \gamma \gamma $ collision and its decay to gluon pair are enhanced sizably . +0 We use the substitution rule for this tiling and apply the algorithm of \cite { AL } to check overlap coincidence . The associated tiling can be viewed as a substitution tiling . +0 Also , a companion candidate with a 1 arcsecond offset being 2 mag fainter than HD 199143 is detected . Then , we obtained a spectrum in the H-band ( with SofI at the NTT ) of this companion showing that it has spectral type M1-3 , consistent with being a companion of HD 358623 A ( K7-M0 ) . +1 We have calculated the polarization of the constituents of \Li6 as a three-body bound state of $ \alpha + n + p $ interacting with local potentials fitted to the scattering data . It is necessary to include partial waves up to $ j=17/2 $ ( 75 channels , or , when including the $ T=1 $ state , 150 channels ) in the Faddeev equations before the energy eigenvalue converges . +1 We develop a worldline approach to quantum gravity in D=4 . Using the background field method we consider the covariantly gauge fixed Einstein-Hilbert action with cosmological constant , and find a worldline representation of the differential operators identified by its quadratic approximation . +1 Here we report the localizations and properties of four short-duration GRBs localized by the High Energy Transient Explorer 2 satellite ( HETE-2 ) : GRBs 010326B , 040802 , 051211 and 060121 , all of which were detected by the French Gamma Telescope ( Fregate ) and localized with the Wide-field X-ray Monitor ( WXM ) and/or Soft X-ray Camera ( SXC ) instruments . We discuss eight possible criteria for determining whether these GRBs are `` short population bursts '' ( SPBs ) or `` long population bursts '' ( LPBs ) . +0 We show in the two sides that for the most symmetric case , the wall motion does not lead to particle production of the CFT fields . The gravitational field produced by relativistic domain walls can be exactly solved in both sides of the correspondence , and thus provides one further check of it . +1 We propose a method for improving approximate inference methods that corrects for the influence of loops in the graphical model . The method is applicable to arbitrary factor graphs , provided that the size of the Markov blankets is not too large . +0 We define an abelian group called the `` Euler class group of A '' , denoted by E ( A ) . Let P be a projective A-module of rank n=dim A - 1 with trivial determinant . +1 Structural and electronic properties of the alpha- and gamma-phases of cerium sesquisulfide , Ce2S3 , are examined by first-principles calculations using the GGA+U extension of density functional theory . The strongly correlated f-electrons of Ce are described by a Hubbard-type on-site Coulomb repulsion parameter . +1 From the absorption dichroism spectra measured in the azo-dye films that are prepared from the azo-dye derivative with polymerizable terminal groups ( SDA-2 ) we obtain dependence of the dichroic ratio on the irradiation dose . We also measure the polar and azimuthal anchoring strengths in nematic liquid crystal ( NLC ) cells aligned by the azo-dye films and derive the anchoring strengths as functions of the dichroic ratio . +1 The recent measurement on the muon anomalous magnetic moment $ a_\mu $ shows a $ 2.6\sigma $ deviation from the standard model value . We show that it puts an interesting bound on the mass of the second generation leptoquarks . +1 We keep the ratio of the left- and right-handed gauge coupling free in order to take into account different patterns of left-right symmetry breaking . By combining the dielectron and dimuon data we can exclude $ Z^ { \prime } $ masses below $ 3 $ ~TeV for $ g_R=g_L $ , and for $ g_R \sim 1 $ we rule out masses up to $ \sim 4 $ ~TeV . +1 Future superconducting radio frequency ( SRF ) cavities , as part of Project X at Fermilab , will be cooled to superfluid helium temperatures by a cryogenic distribution system supplying cold supercritical helium . To reduce vapor fraction during the final Joule-Thomson ( J-T ) expansion into the superfluid helium cooling bath , counter-flow , plate-fin heat exchangers will be utilized . +1 From the measured $ P_ { \infty } $ and $ S $ we obtain the critical exponents $ \beta_k $ and $ \gamma_k $ for $ k=2 $ and 3 . Here $ \beta_k $ and $ \gamma_k $ are the critical exponents for $ P_\infty $ and $ S $ when the growth of clusters spontaneously breaks the $ Z_k $ symmetry of the $ k $ -partite graph ( Lau , Paczuski , and Grassberger , 2012 ) . +1 The inverse see-saw mechanism is an interesting alternative to the canonical one once it leads to tiny neutrino masses with the advantage of being testable at TeV scale . However , this last mechanism suffers from an issue of naturalness concerning the scale responsible for such small masses , namely , the parameter $ \mu $ that is related to lepton number violation and is supposed to be at the keV scale , much lower than the electroweak one . +1 In Appendix A are lists of some 260 distinct and useful bcc lattices of 9 to 32 vertices . The energy and magnetization of the S = 1/2 XY ferromagnet have been computed on these bcc lattices in the lowest states for $ S_z $ = 0 , 1/2 , 1 and 3/2 . +1 They move with all possible proper accelerations in the positive direction of the OX axis . Equipped with light sources the accelerating observers get involved in experiments like Doppler Effect , radar detection and radar echo . +1 Five orbits of HST time were used to obtain spectra at five parallel slit configurations , at a position angle of 58 degrees , with spatial resolution 0.2 arcseconds across and 0.1 arcseconds along each slit . A spectral resolving power of ~ 9,000 with the G430M grating gave velocity measurements accurate to ~ 34 km/s . +0 It is shown that , although this process dominates over conventional pion and kaon decay above a few TeV in photon-initiated showers and provides a distinctive signature of photon-induced event ( muon pair ) , it is practically impossible to discriminate such events statistically from the background of muon pairs produced in the hadronic EAS . Applications of muon pair production process in electromagnetic showers to the very high energy gamma-ray astronomy is discussed . +1 In this paper we find a solution for a quasi-isotropic inflationary Universe which allows to introduce in the problem a certain degree of inhomogeneity . We consider a model which generalize the ( flat ) FRW one by introducing a first order inhomogeneous term , whose dynamics is induced by an effective cosmological constant . +0 Biochemical processes underlying networks of interest ( e.g.gene regulatory or protein signalling networks ) are generally nonlinear . Network inference approaches are widely used to shed light on regulatory interplay between molecular players such as genes and proteins . +0 An alternative , more stable , formation process is proposed as the interaction of more than two segments of domain wall . This is confirmed , however it is also demonstrated that the process can require quite precise conditions . +1 This phenomenon is known as the second law of thermodynamics ( $ S_ { a } \geq0 $ ) . Here we analytically prove that , unlike the entropy itself , the entropy variation rate ( $ B=dS_ { a } /dt $ ) defies the monotonicity for multiple reservoirs ( $ n\geq2 $ ) . +1 Three-qubit quantum gates are crucial for quantum error correction and quantum information processing . We generate policies for quantum control procedures to design three types of three-qubit gates , namely Toffoli , Controlled-Not-Not and Fredkin gates . +1 We also study the smooth and singular loci of the degenerate flag varieties . We show that the Euler characteristic of the smooth locus is equal to the large Schr\ '' oder number and the Poincar\'e polynomial is given by a natural statistics counting the number of diagonal steps in a Schr\ '' oder path . +1 But the general problem of determining natural selection , when the number of neighbors varies , has remained open . For arbitrary selection intensity , the problem is in a computational complexity class which suggests there is no efficient algorithm . +1 We have developed the Point Process Algorithm ( PPA ) , a Bayesian technique for extracting planetary signals using the sine-chopped outputs of a dual nulling interferometer . It is so-called because it represents the system being observed as a set of points in a suitably-defined state space , thus providing a natural way of incorporating our prior knowledge of the compact nature of the targets of interest . +1 With analytical methods , we obtain the exact expression for the critical chemical potential as $ \mu_ { c } = 1 + \sqrt { 1+m^2 } $ , which has also been generalized to higher dimensions as $ \mu_c \thickapprox a + \sqrt { m^2-m_ { BF } ^2 } $ in this work . Around the phase transition points , we find a correspondence between the value of the scalar field at the tip and the scalar operator at infinity . +0 We found the longitude of the line of nodes for the close pair being $ \Omega_1=48\deg\pm2\deg $ and the mutual inclination of the orbital planes of the close and the wide pairs being $ 95\deg\pm3\deg $ . We determined the spatial orientation of the Algol AB close pair orbital plane using optical interferometry with the CHARA Array , and radio interferometry with the European VLBI Network ( EVN ) . +1 The differential bremsstrahlung spectrum , where Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal destructive interference effects are fully accounted for , is calculated for three different cases : ( 1 ) a generalization of the incoherent Bertsch-Gunion solution for asymptotic on-shell jets , ( 2 ) initial-state energy loss of incoming jets that undergo hard scattering and ( 3 ) final-state energy loss of jets that emerge out of a hard scatter . Our analytic solutions are given as an infinite opacity series , which represents a cluster expansion of the sequential multiple scattering . +0 The irreducible representations of this type are obtained when X and Y are irreducible . We then analyze the class of locally analytic representations with the property that their associated modules are annihilated by an ideal of finite codimension in the universal enveloping algebra of G , showing under some hypotheses on G that they are sums of representations of the form $ X\otimes Y $ , with X finite dimensional and Y smooth . +1 Certificateless public key cryptography simplifies the complex certificate management in the traditional public key cryptography and resolves the key escrow problem in identity-based cryptography . Many certificateless authenticated key agreement protocols using bilinear pairings have been proposed . +1 The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems . We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies for car and pedestrian motion in similar setups . +1 Subsets of DGSS galaxies binned by redshift also exhibit L-Z correlations but with different zero points . Galaxies in the highest redshift bin ( z=0.6-0.82 ) are brighter by ~1 mag compared to the lowest redshift bin ( z=0.26-0.40 ) and brighter by ~1-2 mag compared to local ( z & lt ; 0.1 ) field galaxies . +1 For the purposes of the coastal forecasts and early warnings in case of severe storms we decided to implement SWAN ( Simulating the Waves Near Shore ) - development of TU- DELFT . In this paper we will describe the brief details about the coastal sea state forecasting system of NIMH- BAS and a case study of the storm of 07-08 February 2012 , which is the severest storm in our coastal area for the last decade ( and probably longer period ) . +1 Relaxation is essential to attain the steady state and also to the spin accumulation , but has been considered to be harmful for the intrinsic SHE ( ISHE ) . These issues are examined quantitatively on two types of 2D models , i.e. , ( a ) Rashba model for $ n $ -type GaAs , and ( b ) Luttinger model for $ p $ -type GaAs . +1 We present the electroweak and flavour structure of a model with a warped extra dimension and the bulk gauge group SU ( 3 ) x SU ( 2 ) _L x SU ( 2 ) _R x P_LR x U ( 1 ) _X . The presence of SU ( 2 ) _R implies an unbroken custodial symmetry in the Higgs system allowing to eliminate large contributions to the T parameter , whereas the P_LR symmetry and the enlarged fermion representations provide a custodial symmetry for flavour diagonal and flavour changing couplings of the SM Z boson to left-handed down-type quarks . +1 We also estimate the expected bounds from like-sign top pair production at LHC in the near future . Then , we address the implications of these limits for the forward-backward asymmetry in t tbar production measured at Tevatron . +0 This is plausibly due to dust formation in mass flowing from these stars . About 100 stars show an excess of mid-infrared light above that expected from their photospheric emission . +1 We do not find any phase transitions between the magnetic and non-magnetic phases . The calculated structural , magnetic properties of cubic phase are in excellent agreement with experiments . +1 Following Hopkins and Singer , we give a definition for the differential equivariant K-theory of a smooth manifold acted upon by a finite group . The ring structure for differential equivariant K-theory is developed explicitly . +1 We also show infinitesimal rigidity of the action spectrum of $ \phi $ with respect to variations of $ \Omega $ . Both results are obtained by showing that if $ G : M\to\mathbb R $ is any smooth function and $ \omega $ is any smooth 1-form on $ M $ such that $ G ( x ) +\omega_ { x } ( v ) $ integrates to zero along any closed orbit of $ \phi $ , then $ G $ must be identically zero and $ \omega $ must be exact . +1 We determine the exact massive prepotentials and the monodromy matrices around the weak coupling limit . We also study that the double scaling limit of these massive theories and find that the massive N_f -1 theory can be obtained from the massive N_f theory . +1 This new phenomenon could be very relevant in the case of exotic multiple horizon Nariai black holes and in the context of common grand unified theories . This is clearly manifested in the case of the SO ( 10 ) GUT , that is here investigated in detail . +0 Compared to other content , interactions involving selfies exhibit variations in homophily scores ( in terms of age and gender ) that suggest they are becoming more widespread . Selfies are an effective medium to grab attention ; they generate on average 1.1 -- 3.2 times more likes and comments than other types of content on Instagram . +1 We discuss the production of top -- anti-top quark pairs in association with a hard jet at the Tevatron and at the LHC and we report on the calculation of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to this process . Numerical results for the top -- anti-top+jet cross section and the forward -- backward charge asymmetry are presented . +0 We analyze in detail the band structure and the Fermi surface ( FS ) . We used the Local Density Approximation ( LDA ) as in the Wien2k code . +1 Context . The study of the snow line is an important topic in several domains of astrophysics , and particularly for the evolution of proto-stellar environments and the formation of planets.Aims . +1 Analytical results are obtained by perturbation theory in the limit $ \sigma_ { xx } \gg 1 $ . For mesoscopic systems the conduction process is dominated by diffusion but we show that , due to the lack of time-reversal symmetry , the boundary condition for diffusion is altered at the reflecting edges . +1 After subtracting the stellar contribution , we find that the pure-ISM integrated spectra generally show blueshifted NaD profiles , indicating neutral gas outflow velocities V in the range 65-260 km/s . Excluding galaxies with AGNs , V shows a dependency with the SFR of the type V \propto SFR^0.15 ( in rather good agreement with previous results ) . +0 In the study of $ m $ -transformations we are interested in the properties of the trees . In this case the orbit of any point looks like a tree . +0 The model is relevant in the cross-disciplinary area of econophysics . We explore a simple lattice field model intended to describe statistical properties of high frequency financial markets . +0 At present , the physical properties and origins of NEOs are poorly understood . Near Earth Objects ( NEOs ) are fragments of remnant primitive bodies that date from the era of Solar System formation . +0 We find that the gluino mass m_ { \widetilde { g } } & gt ; 12 GeV for the standard model world-average value alpha_ { s } ( M_ { Z } ) =0.118 . A global analysis of a large set of hadronic scattering data provides empirical constraints on the allowed range of the gluino mass as a function of the value of the strong coupling strength alpha_s ( M_Z ) . +1 We show on examples that our bound is sharp . We also apply it to Gaussian independent sequences and to the generic class of ultrametric Gaussian processes . +0 The Berman 's law yields two explicit forms of the scale factor governing the FRW space-time and constant values of deceleration parameter . A special law of variation for the Hubble parameter proposed by Berman ( 1983 ) has been utilized to solve the field equations . +0 We formulate the optimal coding and scheduling decisions problem in our novel framework with the help of Markov Decision Processes ( MDP ) , which are effective tools for modeling adapting streaming systems . The layered data is encoded by means of Prioritized Random Linear Coding ( PRLC ) in order to be resilient to channel loss while respecting the unequal levels of importance in the data , and data blocks are transmitted simultaneously in order to reduce decoding delays and improve the delivery performance . +1 { \bf 107 } , 178701 ( 2011 ) ] , while making it more rigorous and applicable to general values of kc . Using the graphicality criterion , we show that the upper cutoff must be lower than $ k_c N^ { 1/\gamma } $ for $ \gamma & lt ; 2 $ , whereas any upper cutoff is allowed for $ \gamma & gt ; 2 $ . +1 PINGSoft 2 is a relatively major upgrade with respect to the first version : the overall functionality and layout have been improved , while the command syntax has been simplified . This version includes new routines that offer powerful spatial and spectral visualisation of the data , improved extraction routines , and new analysis tools . +1 The multi-term Boltzmann equation framework accounting for coherent scattering enables the inclusion of the full anisotropy in the differential cross-section arising from the interaction and the structure factor , without an a priori assumption of quasi-isotropy in the velocity distribution function . The model , which contains no free parameters and accounts for both coherent scattering and liquid phase screening effects , was found to reproduce well the experimental drift velocities and characteristic energies . +1 The IUFSU model is extended by including hyperons to study the neutron star in $ \beta $ equilibrium . The effect of different hyperonic potentials , namely $ \Sigma $ and $ \Xi $ potentials , on the EoS and hence the maximum mass of neutron stars has been studied . +1 We found that the amplitude of an even-numbered cycle of the number of large groups is smaller than that of its immediately following odd-numbered cycle . This is consistent with the well known Gnevyshev and Ohl rule or G-O rule of solar cycles , generally described by using the Zurich sunspot number ( Rz ) . +0 As the carrier density is tuned with the gate voltage , the critical current in the these junctions spans a range from a few nA up to more than $ 5\mu $ A , while the Thouless energy , ETh , covers almost two orders of magnitude . Several junctions are made on a single-domain crystal of CVD graphene and feature the same contact width of ~9 $ \mu $ m but vary in length from 400 to 1000 nm . +1 As it appears , the structure may be interpreted as either a core-jet or a double source . However , the supernova structure could be somewhat confused with a possible close by noise peak . +1 Given a connected graph $ G= ( V , E ) $ , a set $ S\subseteq V $ is said to be a $ k $ -metric generator for $ G $ if the elements of any pair of different vertices of $ G $ are distinguished by at least $ k $ elements of $ S $ , i.e. , for any two different vertices $ u , v\in V $ , there exist at least $ k $ vertices $ w_1 , w_2 , ... , w_k\in S $ such that $ d_G ( u , w_i ) \ne d_G ( v , w_i ) $ for every $ i\in \ { 1 , ... , k\ } $ . A metric generator of minimum cardinality is called a $ k $ -metric basis and its cardinality the $ k $ -metric dimension of $ G $ . +1 Recent work has shown that structural variants ( insertions , deletions , inversions and transpositions ) are a major source of genetic variation , often out-numbering single nucleotide variants in terms of total bases affected . Despite the near ubiquity of structural variants , major questions about their interaction with natural selection remain . +0 Indium atomic wire , however , displays only marginal preference towards the formation of symmetric dimers staying close to the metallic limit . It is found that Al and Ga atomic wire structures with metallic property are strongly unstable towards the formation of buckled metal dimers leading to semiconducting behavior . +0 We study the effect of galaxy shape measurement errors on predicted cosmological constraints from the statistics of shear peak counts with the Large Synoptic Survey Telescope ( LSST ) . The statistics of peak counts in reconstructed shear maps contain information beyond the power spectrum , and can improve cosmological constraints from measurements of the power spectrum alone if systematic errors can be controlled . +0 We select events where one of the B mesons is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode and the other B decays semileptonically into an electron or a muon . This analysis is based on a sample of 467 million $ \FourS $ decays into $ \BB $ pairs , collected with the \babar\ detector at the PEP-II $ e^ { + } e^ { - } $ storage rings . +0 For this , we focused on the development of a framework capable of testing different indirect biofeedback models within a specified game , in order to assess the effect of each of these variations on the user experience . The goal of this dissertation is to study different approaches on the use of indirect biofeedback within videogames , with the purpose of creating a better human-computer interaction , and provide a more appealing and immersive user experience . +1 It is shown that this single assumption allows the variability of spike trains to have an arbitrary scale and various dependencies on the firing rate in the spike count statistics , as well as in the interval statistics , depending on the two parameters of the power function . We also propose a statistical model for spike trains that exhibits the variance-to-mean power relationship , and based on this a maximum likelihood method is developed for inferring the parameters from rate-modulated spike trains . +0 However , a modern theory should qualitatively reproduce -- or at the very least not fundamentally disagree with - all of Cygnus X-1 's most basic average properties : energy spectrum ( viewed within a broader framework of black hole candidate spectral behavior ) , power spectrum ( PSD ) , and time delays and coherence between variability in different energy bands . No current model mimics all facets of a system as complex as an x-ray binary . +1 When distances between solitons are large they are particles subject to the mutual interaction . The dual formulation of the model is derived to explain the sign of the statistical interaction . +1 The pre-shock magnetic field increases from 5 . 10^ { -6 } gauss in the surrounding ISM to ~8 . +0 By means of a kinetic equation we analyze the spin-spin correlations and block correlations . The peculiar nature of the dynamics is encoded in the correlations developing out of equilibrium . +0 Elaborating a metrization procedure for arbitrary distinguished connections , we define the class of distinguished linear connections which are compatible with the nonlinear connection and general nonsymmetric metric structures . Such geometries can be modelled by moving nonholonomic frames on ( pseudo ) Riemannian manifolds and describe various types of nonholonomic Einstein , Eisenhart-Moffat and Finsler-Lagrange spaces with connections compatible to a general nonsymmetric metric structure . +0 IDE is a read-only interface used to generate custom outputs based on the information contained in a Together model . The programmatic API , which provides the capability to use and augment Together 's internal functionality , is comprised of three major components - IDE , RWI and SCI . +0 This penalty generalizes the one proposed by Lebarbier ( 2005 ) for one-dimensional signals . We build a penalty for choosing the number of change-points in the kernel-based method of Harchaoui and Capp { \'e } ( 2007 ) . +1 We confirm the presence of a curvature of the spectrum $ \sim \exp { \sqrt { k\rho_e } } $ over the broad frequency range $ \sim [ 10,100 ] $ Hz , indicating the presence of a dissipation . Analysis of seven spectra under different plasma conditions show clearly the presence of a quasi-universal power-law spectrum at MHD and ion scales . +0 In the temperature range $ 2T_\mathrm { c } -10T_\mathrm { c } $ we find $ \kappa=0.36 ( 15 ) T^2 $ . We calculate $ \kappa $ in leading order lattice perturbation theory and simulations on $ 120^3\times 6,8 $ lattices with $ a & lt ; 0.1 $ fm . +1 We consider generalizations of Szpiro 's classical discriminant conjecture to hyperelliptic curves over a number field $ K $ , and to smooth , projective and geometrically connected curves $ X $ over $ K $ of genus at least one . The main results give effective exponential versions of the generalized conjectures for some curves , including all curves $ X $ of genus one or two . +1 The second property is the modulation of the aftershock sequence by the fundamental oscillation of the Earth 0S2 excited by the main shock . Both results are supported by analysis of the Tohoku earthquake ( 11.03.2011 , M = 9 ) , as well as by the statistical analysis of the USGS earthquake catalog . +1 Our results lead to the conclusion that both measures can drop by an arbitrary amount when only a single qubit of a local system is lost . This property is known as `` locking '' and has previously been observed for other correlation measures , such as the accessible information , entanglement cost and the logarithmic negativity . +1 This is a reversal of Patrascu 's reduction from 3SUM to listing triangles ( STOC '10 ) . Our result builds on and extends works by the Paghs ( PODS '06 ) and by Vassilevska and Williams ( FOCS '10 ) . +1 A full-fledged combined numerical analysis is performed of these high-energy and low-energy FCNC decay modes in the MSSM parameter space . Our calculation shows that the available data on B ( b- & gt ; s \gamma ) severely restricts the allowed values of B ( h- & gt ; b\bar { s } ) . +1 Thermal properties are of great interest in modern electronic devices and nanostructures . Calculating these properties is straightforward when the device is made from a pure material , but problems arise when alloys are used . +1 In the current parlance , this is the hidden subgroup problem ( HSP ) over groups of the form G^n , where G is a nonabelian group of constant size , and where the hidden subgroup is either trivial or has order two . Although groups of the form G^n have a simple product structure , they share important representation-theoretic properties with the symmetric groups S_n , where a solution to the HSP would yield a quantum algorithm for Graph Isomorphism . +0 In such environments , concrete may be exposed to radiation ( e.g. , neutrons ) emanating from the reactor core . Concrete , a mixture formed by mixing cement , water , and fine and coarse mineral aggregates is used in the construction of nuclear power plants ( NPPs ) , e.g. , to construct the reactor cavity concrete that encases the reactor pressure vessel , etc . +1 We then prove that there exists a local test that allows one to verify entanglement generation , falsifying our hypothesis . Crucially , we show that noise measurements can directly verify entanglement generation . +0 In computer simulations , such long ranged potentials have to be taken into account with convenient algorithms to avoid systematic bias in the sampling of the phase space . Yukawa potentials may be long ranged when the Debye screening length is large . +0 The main results give effective exponential versions of the generalized conjectures for some curves , including all curves $ X $ of genus one or two . We consider generalizations of Szpiro 's classical discriminant conjecture to hyperelliptic curves over a number field $ K $ , and to smooth , projective and geometrically connected curves $ X $ over $ K $ of genus at least one . +1 The continuous G-deformations preserving the product of principal curvatures of surface with boundary are considered in this article . The equations of deformations which are obtained in this paper reduce to the nonlinear boundary-value problem . +0 In particular , we describe the simple and elegant interface shared by all learning and processing units in the library and then discuss its advantages in terms of composition and reusability . In this paper , we present and discuss our design choices for the application programming interface ( API ) of the project . +1 Under natural geometric assumptions on the cone points , we prove the existence of a logarithmic resonance-free region for the cut-off resolvent . The estimate also applies to the exterior domains of non-trapping polygons via a doubling process . +0 In particular , these results correct errors in the paper `` Permutation statistics on involutions '' , W.M.B . In this article we derive expressions for the length polynomial where $ X $ is any conjugacy class of involutions , or the set of all involutions , in any finite Coxeter group $ W $ . +1 In particular , a three-dimensional Stokes flow interacts across a boundary interface with a two-dimensional mechanical plate equation . In the case that the PDE plate component is rotational inertia-free , one will have that solutions of this fluid-structure PDE system exhibit an exponential rate of decay . +1 Here I show , based on a first-principles lattice-dynamical analysis , that their relationship is much more intimate than previously thought , and their consistent simultaneous treatment is crucial for obtaining correct physical answers . In particular , I identify a gauge invariance in the theory , whereby the energies associated to strain-gradient elasticity and flexoelectrically induced electric fields are individually reference-dependent , and only when summed up they yield a well-defined result . +0 We compare a set of AMR hydrodynamic cosmological simulations using a single cosmological realization but with a range of ultraviolet background strengths in the Lyman-Werner band . We examine aspects of primordial star formation in the presence of a molecular hydrogen-dissociating ultraviolet background . +1 According to the E.L. Feinberg viewpoint on the possibility of a semi-bare electron state we may expect a state of electron with non-equilibrium Coulomb field during the time range of { \gamma^2 \lambda/c } , where { \gamma } is the Lorents-factor of electron , c is light velocity and { \lambda } is the wavelength corresponding to a frequency in Fourier expansion of the Coulomb field of relativistic electron . If this non-equilibrium Coulomb field has a spatial asymmetry , a relativistic electron may be deflected by its own Coulomb field . +1 The use of a Fixman-Freire scheme scales down the computational complexity of our algorithm from $ O ( N_ { 1 } ^ { 2 } N_ { 2 } ^ { 2 } ) $ to $ O ( N_ { 1 } N_ { 2 } ) $ .The simulation of complementary strands of a few kbps yields results almost identical to the PS model . For short strands of equal or unequal lengths , the binding displays a strong sensitivity to mutations . +1 The presence of the CIV absorption feature , indicating that the rest-frame UV-optical SED is dominated by OB stars , is used to select objects for which the intrinsic , unattenuated spectrum has a well-established shape . Comparison of this intrinsic spectrum with the observed broadband photometric SED then permits derivation of the wavelength dependence of the dust attenuation . +0 Such accelerators will employ advanced beam conditioning systems such as emittance exchangers to manipulate high brightness beams . Next generation accelerators will require a high current , low emittance beam with a low energy spread . +0 Several states have tensor and scalar polarizabilities that exceed the values that might be expected from the known energy levels of barium by more than two orders of magnitude . The polarizabilities are measured via direct spectroscopy on the second-stage transition . +0 Our low redshift results allow us to probe low $ \sigma $ density fluctuations significantly beyond the range of previous cosmological simulations . We use a high resolution $ \Lambda $ CDM numerical simulation to calculate the mass function of dark matter haloes down to the scale of dwarf galaxies , back to a redshift of fifteen , in a 50 $ h^ { -1 } $ Mpc volume containing 80 million particles . +0 Our simulations explicitly capture the thermodynamic , dynamic and steric challenges typically faced by self-assembly processes , including competition between multiple partially-completed structures . Simulations are performed using a hybrid dynamical Monte Carlo protocol that allows self-assembling clusters to rearrange internally while still providing Stokes-Einstein-like diffusion of aggregates of different sizes . +1 We have found that the bulge of the large , nearby Sb galaxy NGC 7331 rotates retrograde to its disk . Analysis of spectra in the region of the near-IR Ca II triplet along the major axis shows that , in the radial range between 5 '' and ~20 '' , the line of sight velocity distribution of the absorption lines has two distinct peaks , and can be decomposed into a fast-rotating component with v/sigma & gt ; 3 , and a slower rotating , retrograde component with v/sigma between 1 -- 1.5 . +1 It is long known that the best single-site coherent potential approximation ( CPA ) falls short of describing Anderson localization ( AL ) . Here , we study a binary alloy disorder ( or equivalently , a spinless Falicov-Kimball ( FK ) ) model and construct a dominantly analytic cluster extension that treats intra-cluster ( $ 1/d $ , $ d $ =spatial dimension ) correlations exactly . +0 Encouragingly , with the advancement of the smartphones , these are becoming more achievable . However , state-of-the-art methods to estimate occupancy and classify activity require infrastructure and/or wearable sensors which suffers from lower acceptability due to higher cost . +1 We show that after the flips the dynamics is characterized by the creation of two types of exciton-biexciton composites . We analyze the conditions for the existence of these bound states , and discuss their intriguing properties . +1 We concentrate on the case where an exponential warp factor ( depending on the distance along the orbifold ) accompanies the Minkowski $ M $ and the internal space $ \Sigma $ line elements . We evaluate the moduli effective potential induced by bulk scalar fields in these models , and we show that generically this can stabilize the size of the extra dimensions . +0 It is shown to be a simultaneous transformation of the field and the `` time '' parameter explicitly used in the definition of path integrals central to the Lagrangian approach and in the definition of the `` time '' ordered products used in the Hamiltonian ( or canonical ) approach . The scattering transformation developed by Mallat is put into the perspective of field theory . +1 The presence of the fundamental length is expected to lead to an improved ultra-violet behavior of the semi-classical propagators . The hypothesis of path integral duality provides a prescription to evaluate the modified propagator of a free , quantum scalar field in a given spacetime , taking into account the existence of the fundamental length in a locally Lorentz invariant manner . +0 In both the aforesaid prescriptions , the energy thus obtained depends on the radial coordinate , the mass of the black hole and a parameter $ \lambda_ { 0 } $ , while all the momenta are found to be zero . We investigate the energy-momentum distribution for a metric exterior to a spherically symmetric black hole in the brane world by applying the Landau-Lifshitz and Weinberg prescriptions . +1 In this paper we provide a detailed convergence analysis for an unconditionally energy stable , second-order accurate convex splitting scheme for the Modified Phase Field Crystal equation , a generalized damped wave equation for which the usual Phase Field Crystal equation is a special degenerate case . The fully discrete , fully second-order finite difference scheme in question was derived in a recent work [ 2 ] . +1 Proton decay and especially its gauge mediated decay is sensitive also to those mixing angles which are non-relevant in the SM . A model with realistic mass matrices and large rotations is presented.. +0 General conditions which are required for this model to be realizable are derived in the slow-roll approximation . We study the warm-tachyon inflationary universe model with viscous pressure in high-dissipation regime . +1 In D-term hybrid inflation it is the FI term itself which sets the energy scale of inflation . Alternatively , the breaking of a U ( 1 ) symmetry induced by the FI term can dynamically generate the quadratic potential of chaotic inflation . +0 The notion of orientations with out-degrees prescribed by a function $ \aa : V\to \NN $ unifies many different combinatorial structures , including the afore mentioned . Prominent instances of such problems are the enumeration of spanning trees , bipartite perfect matchings , and ice models . +0 If follows that for K\ '' ahler groups the jumping loci must be defined by binomial ideals . Work of Simpson , Arapura and others show that if $ \Gamma $ is the fundamental group of a compact K\ '' ahler manifold , then the strata are finite unions of translated affine subtori . +1 These `` spin Hurwitz numbers '' , recently studied by Eskin , Okounkov and Pandharipande , are interesting in their own right . By the authors ' previous work , they are also related to the Gromov-Witten invariants of Kahler surfaces . +0 Such an assumption is generally used to alleviate the computational burden involved in the parameter estimation step , but it is hard to justify in empirical applications . Furthermore , we relax the independence assumption between the circular and linear components observed at the same time . +1 This completes previous works of other authors that have studied the same configurations . The solutions depend on the coupling constant alpha of the ( partial_i ln N ) ^2 term . +1 It turnes out that any Berwald metric is a perturbed-Cartesian product of Riemannian , Minkowski , and such non-Riemannian metrics which can be constructed on irreducible symmetric manifolds of $ rank & gt ; 1 $ . The existence of these metrics are well established by the above theories . +1 We introduce hermiticity as a new symmetry and show that when starting with a model which is Hermitian in the classical level , quantum corrections can break hermiticity while the theory stay physically acceptable . To show this , we calculated the effective potential of the ( $ g\phi^ { 4 } +h\phi^ { 6 } $ ) $ _ { 1+1 } $ model up to first order in $ g $ and $ h $ couplings which is sufficient as the region of interest has finite correlation length for which mean field calculation may suffice . +0 This results in a condensation of low frequency phonons which produces a spatially structured flow in the supersonic domain . These flows are unstable under ultra low real frequency perturbations because of the unbounded mode amplification near the sonic horizon . +1 This strategy allows us to establish the lower semicontinuity result without an Alberti-type theorem in $ \BD ( \Omega ) $ , which is not available at present . We also include existence and relaxation results for variational problems in $ \BD ( \Omega ) $ , as well as a complete discussion of some differential inclusions for the symmetrized gradient in two dimensions . +1 Let M be the zero fiber of the corresponding moment map . It is well known that the quotient M/K is a complex space in a natural way . +1 An important peculiarity of the full Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations is the use of the full continuity equation required even for a binary mixture of incompressible liquids , firstly , due to dependence of mixture density on concentration and , secondly , due to strong concentration gradients at liquids ' interfaces . Using the multiple-scale method we separate the physical processes occurring on different time scales and , ultimately , provide a strict derivation of the Boussinesq approximation for the Cahn-Hilliard-Navier-Stokes equations . +1 Such a device allows to explore the low energy frontier in LAr with a charge imaging detector . The ionization charge is extracted from the liquid into the gas phase and there amplified by the use of a Large Electron Multiplier in order to reduce the detection threshold . +1 We then turn to the many-body problem , where particle-hole symmetry and the existence of two valleys lead to a number of effects peculiar to graphene . We find that the coupling together of a large number of low-lying excitations leads to strong many-body corrections , which could be observed in inelastic light scattering or optical absorption . +1 The optical spectra are dominated by the narrow ( full width at half-maximum ~1000 km s^-1 ) Balmer lines distinctive of a Type IIn SN with P Cygni profiles . Contrarily , the photometric evolution resembles more that of a Type IIP SN with a large drop in luminosity at the end of the plateau phase . +1 We find that in the Milky Way , early-type WN stars evolve from stars with masses as low as 20Mo . Some early-type WN stars are found in clusters with very high turn-off masses , supporting our earlier results that the `` WNE '' class of W-Rs is a common stage in the evolution of stars with a wide range of mases . +1 We study both sudden and slow quenches in a variety of systems including one-dimensional ultracold atoms in an optical lattice , an infinite range ferromagnetic Ising model , and some exactly solvable spin models in one and two dimensions ( such as the Kitaev model ) . We show that quenching leads to the formation of defects whose density has a power-law dependence on the quenching rate ; the power depends on the dimensionalities of the system and of the critical surface and on some of the exponents associated with the critical point which is being crossed . +0 Three characteristic properties of this domain are ( a ) very high dimensionality , ( b ) both the learned concepts and the instances reside very sparsely in the feature space , and ( c ) a high variation in the number of active features in an instance . Learning problems in the text processing domain often map the text to a space whose dimensions are the measured features of the text , e.g. , its words . +1 The consistency of our approach is demonstrated by checking the baryon number , isospin and total momentum sum rules , as well as the Bjorken sum rule . We present numerical estimates of the quark and antiquark distributions and find reasonable agreement with parametrizations of the data at a low normalization point . +1 Both are represented by second rank field tensors with , in general , six independent components . Measurements of these quantities are usually achieved by measuring a property that depends on the translational symmetry and periodicity of the crystal lattice , such as optical phonon energies using Raman spectroscopy , the electronic band gap using cathodoluminescence , photoelasticity via the optical birefringence , or Electron Back Scattering Diffraction ( EBSD ) . +1 Two contributions to the Seebeck coefficient are clearly identified : the expected contribution that is dependent on the position of the transport level and reflects the activated character of carrier generation , and an unexpected intrinsic contribution of 265 plus minus 40 micro V/K that is independent of the temperature and the treatment of the oxide surface . This value corresponds to an unusually large lattice vibrational entropy of 3 kB per carrier . +0 The three fields observed as part of the Herschel science demonstration phase ( SDP ) provided the first glimpse into the nature of these sources . Within the project Galactic Cold Cores we are carrying out Herschel photometric observations of cold interstellar clouds detected with the Planck satellite . +0 So , the function obtained from the Schr\ '' odinger equation can not be the evolution operator kernel . This does not permit one to fulfil the initial condition . +0 By controlling the momentum injection per massive star and the specific star formation rate in dense gas , we find that the negative effects of high turbulence outweigh the positive ones , and in net feedback reduces the fraction of dense gas and thus the overall star formation rate . Propagating star formation can however occur as expanding shells collide , enhancing the density and triggering new cloud and star formation . +0 It is shown that the available reaction mechanisms exhibit large differences in several important elementary reaction coefficients . This paper provides detailed comparisons of chemical reaction mechanisms of H2 applicable at high preheat temperatures and pressures relevant to gas turbine and particularly Alstom 's reheat gas turbine conditions . +0 In particular , we discuss the presence of a fermionic bound state in the vortex core and the tuning of the laser beams needed to achieve supersymmetry . We give a detailed derivation of the way to make this supersymmetric string in the laboratory . +1 About half of the lines and half of the species ( in particular N2H+ , SiO , C34S , DCN , DNC , DCO+ , HC3N , H2CO , H2CS , SO2 ) have not been previously reported in S255IR and partly in S255N at high angular resolution . Our data reveal several new clumps in the S255IR and S255N areas by their millimeter wave continuum emission . +1 Automatic synonym extractor is highly preferred for large scale applications . Previous studies in synonym extraction are most limited to small scale datasets . +0 This observation is a crucial step towards the completion of the spectroscopy of pp-chain neutrinos , as well as further validation of the LMA-MSW model of neutrino oscillations . Several experiments have now confirmed the observation of neutrino oscillations by detecting neutrinos from secondary nuclear processes in the Sun ; this is the first direct spectral measurement of the neutrinos from the keystone proton-proton fusion . +0 The 2-tone chromatic number of a graph $ G $ , denoted $ \tau_2 ( G ) $ is the smallest $ k $ such that $ G $ admits a proper 2-tone $ k $ coloring . A proper 2-tone $ k $ -coloring of a graph is a labeling of the vertices with elements from $ \binom { [ k ] } { 2 } $ such that adjacent vertices receive disjoint labels and vertices distance 2 apart receive distinct labels . +1 It is shown that either nonlocal or nonlinear effects may cut off the linear- $ T $ dependence of both the free energy and the penetration depth in all the experimental geometries . At extremely low $ T $ , the nonlocal effects will also generically modify the linear $ H $ dependence of the penetration depth ( `` nonlinear Meissner effect '' ) in most experimental geometries , but for supercurrents oriented along the nodal directions , the effect may be recovered . +1 Two spectrographs provide spectra with resolutions of between 500 and 2000 , over wavelength ranges of 440nm and 110nm respectively . The 2dF facility began routine observations in 1997 . +1 The key result is that 54.55 % +/- 0.89 % of games can be completed ( by a patient player ! ) but that the remaining 45.45 % result in non-terminating cycles . +1 } =1.2 10^ { -58 } and the two absorption ranges R_ { 12 } ^ { abs . } =4.47 10^4 R_ { \odot } =208.0 au , R_ { 23 } ^ { abs . +1 We show that under appropriate conditions synchronization of the dynamics of single electrons takes place , leading to a rise of the oscillating component of the charge current . The synchronization time depends dramatically on the applied dc electric field and electron scattering rate , and is roughly inversely proportional to the radiative damping rate that is determined by the carrier concentration and the geometrical parameters of the device . +0 On the contrary , the abundance of CN increases by a factor of 3 in the inner x2 bar orbits . Our results show that the abundances of N2H+ , CS and H13 CO+ remain quite constant across the galaxy confirming that these species are excellent tracers of the dense molecular gas . +1 The article focuses on study of clan model parameters and their target dependence in light of void probability scaling for heavy ( Ag and Br ) and light ( C , N and O ) groups of targets present in nuclear emulsion detector using 84 Kr 36 at around 1 A GeV . The variation of scaled rapidity gap ( rap gap ) probability with single moment combination has been studied . +0 To address this issue , we perform combined experimental and theoretical study on atomically thin MoS2 field effect transistors with varying the number of MoS2 layers ( NLs ) . A long-standing puzzle is the low carrier mobility ( { \mu } ) in them as compared with corresponding bulk structures , which constitutes the main hurdle for realizing high-performance devices . +1 Our studies reveal that the end groups do not affect spin and charge velocities in any significant way , but change the amount of charge transported . We have compared these push-pull systems with donor-acceptor substituted polymethine imine ( PMI ) , $ D- ( CHN ) _ { x } -A $ , systems in which besides electron affinities , the nature of $ p_ { z } $ orbitals in conjugation also alternate from site to site . +0 We also perform free induction decay measurements on spin-exchange optically polarized $ ^3 $ He gas with different diffusion constants . This establishes a direct connection between the well-known Torrey 's slow diffusion result and the fast diffusion result . +1 The spectroscopic properties of an open large Bunimovich cavity are studied numerically in the framework of the effective Hamiltonian formalism . The cavity is opened by attaching leads to it in four different ways . +1 Of particular interest is the test of hydrodynamic models which predict a universal , apparent decrease of the extent of the system with increasing transverse mass mT as a consequence of the strong radial flow in heavy-ion collisions at LHC energies . This contribution presents a study of correlations for protons and { \Lambda } particles in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt ( sNN ) = 2.76 TeV measured with ALICE . +1 We convert the FUV and V-band photometry , along with Halpha photometry , into radial star formation rate profiles that are sensitive to timescales from 10 Myrs to the lifetime of the galaxy . We also compare the stellar distributions , surface brightness profiles , and star formation rate profiles to HI-line emission maps , gas surface density profiles , and gas kinematics . +0 On the one hand , the new CS 2-1 observations reveal significant substructure on a scale of about 7 '' , i.e. , the beam size , corresponding to about 1050 AU at an adopted distance of 150pc . Together with CS 5-4 , C34S 3-2 , and bolometer data obtained with the IRAM 30m telescope , we analyse the excitation conditions and the structural properties of the cloud . +1 The fact that many communities are online means that it is possible to extract information about these communities and the connections between their members much more easily using software tools , despite their potentially very large size . The links between members of the community can be presented visually and often this can make patterns in the structure of sub-communities immediately obvious . +1 Hard X-ray emissions from a Herbig Be star MWC297 were discovered in three separate observations spanning 5 days in April 1994 with the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics ( ASCA ) . An X-ray flare was found at the beginning of the second observation with a maximum luminosity of 4.9E32 ergs/s , which is five times larger than that of the quiescent phase ( the first observation ) . +1 Near Earth Objects ( NEOs ) are fragments of remnant primitive bodies that date from the era of Solar System formation . At present , the physical properties and origins of NEOs are poorly understood . +0 Very broad Ly-alpha emission with velocities extending to ~ +/- 20,000 km/s originates inside the inner circumstellar ring and appears to fill most of the surface area within 0 . `` 67 +/- 0 . `` 1 ) spectra of SN 1987A obtained on days 3715 and 3743 with the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope show that the high-velocity SN debris is colliding with circumstellar gas . +1 The population dynamics of such sequential acquisition of ( epi ) genetic alterations has been the topic of much investigation . The phenomenon of stochastic tunneling , where an intermediate mutant in a sequence does not reach fixation in a population before generating a double mutant , has been studied using a variety of computational and mathematical methods . +0 Since new processes are constantly being discovered , biophysical neuron models increasingly become `` too complex to be useful '' yet `` too simple to be realistic '' . Cortical neurons include many sub-cellular processes , operating at multiple timescales , which may affect their response to stimulation through non-linear and stochastic interaction with ion channels and ionic concentrations . +1 The equivalent widths range from about 0 to 30 \AA in absorption for early-O to mid-B stars . The purpose of this library is the prediction of the underlying stellar Lyman-alpha absorption in stellar populations of star-forming galaxies with nebular Lyman-alpha emission . +0 This work reviews the magnetization change with a time dependent field and tem perature and discusses the time it takes to alter the magnetization as a function of the control parameter chosen , temperature and material parameters . The optimal ( usually shortest ) time altering the magn etisation along with the smallest applied magnetic field are sought in technological applications s uch as high-density reading or writing of information , spintronics , quantum inform ation and quantum communication systems . +0 We speculate that this may arise in an extended region of ionised gas , perhaps linked with the polarised ( scattered ) optical light present in these sources . A soft excess is detected in all three Type 1 sources . +1 We propose another way to topologize $ H^n ( k , G ) $ : in the key case $ n = 1 $ , identify $ H^1 ( k , G ) $ with the set of isomorphism classes of objects of the groupoid of $ k $ -points of the classifying stack $ \mathbf { B } G $ and invoke Moret-Bailly 's general method of topologizing $ k $ -points of locally of finite type $ k $ -algebraic stacks . Geometric arguments prove that these `` classifying stack topologies '' enjoy the properties expected from the \v { C } ech topologies . +0 The explicit expression of the mutual information is intimately related to estimation-theoretic quantities , and -- in particular -- reveals a phase transition at the critical point for community detection . In the case of the symmetric two-group model , we establish an explicit `single-letter ' characterization of the per-vertex mutual information between the vertex labels and the graph . +0 The method relies mainly on the analytical properties of the Green function . This calculation generalizes the analysis of the shutter problem and sets the basis for the calculation of the transmission of general wave packets , aiming to work out the explicit contribution of the resonant ( Gamow ) states . +1 The main ones are the ocurrence of aliases and the additional bodies - the planets f and g - announced in Vogt et al.2010 . Any dynamical study of exoplanets requires the good knowledge of the orbital elements and the investigations involving the planet g are particularly interesting , since this body would lie in the Habitable Zone ( HZ ) of the star GJ581 . +0 We also introduce the notion of the compound curling number of a simple connected graph $ G $ and then initiate a study on the curling number of certain standard graphs like Jaco graphs and set-graphs . The number of identity curling subsequences in a simple connected graph $ G $ is denoted $ ic ( G ) . $ We show that the curling number conjecture holds for the degree sequence of a simple connected graph $ G $ on $ n \geq 1 $ vertices . +0 To get the best accuracy on the calibration on such a large range , two different photometric calibration schemes have to be used . HFI observes the sky over a broad range of frequencies , from 100 to 857 GHz . +1 To study the origin of such AGN pairs , we employ a cosmological , hydrodynamic simulation with a large volume of ( 182Mpc ) ^3 from the set of Magneticum Pathfinder Simulations . The simulation self-consistently produces 35 resolved black hole ( BH ) pairs at redshift z=2 , with a comoving distance smaller than 10kpc . +1 TMine provides a visual development environment for the LAT event analysis and utilizes advanced multivariate classification algorithms implemented in ROOT . We discuss the application of TMine to the next iteration of the event analysis ( Pass 8 ) , the LAT charged particle analyses , and the classification of unassociated LAT gamma-ray sources . +1 An emergent algebra A over a uniform idempotent right quasigroup X is a collection of operations such that each operation emerges from X , meaning that it can be realized as a combination of the operations of the uniform irq X , possibly by taking limits which are uniform with respect to a set of parameters . Two applications are considered : we prove a bijection between contractible groups and distributive uniform irqs ( uniform quandles ) and that some symmetric spaces in the sense of Loos may be seen as uniform quasigroups with a distributivity property . +1 When isolating the trion state , we observed changes in the Raman A1g intensity and an enhanced feature on the low energy side of the E12g peak . Photoluminescence and optical reflectivity measurements confirm the existence of the prepared trion state . +1 The comparisons are restricted to basic assumptions and approximations made in each case and the calculation methodology used . Emergent underlying similarities between apparently disparate methods brought about by the approximation schemes are exposed . +1 We pay attention that besides $ \sqrt { -g } $ , the 4-D space-time differentiable manifold possesses also a `` manifold volume measure '' ( MVM ) described by a 4-form which is sign indefinite and generically independent of the metric . The FOF proceeds with originally independent connection and metric structures of the space-time manifold . +1 We test the validity of Hanle measurements in three-terminal devices by using aluminum ( Al ) and gold ( Au ) . The obtained Hanle and inverted Hanle-like curves show an anomalous behavior . +0 A scattering approach is used to derive explicit expressions for the first and second order conductance changes due to the perturbation by the tip potential in terms of the scattering states of the unperturbed structure . A systematic theory of the conductance measurements of non-invasive ( weak probe ) scanning gate microscopy is presented that provides an interpretation of what precisely is being measured . +0 We also discuss the equilibrium physics of the model and demonstrate that the low-energy Hamiltonian is given by an effective interacting resonant level model . We use the recently proposed scattering states numerical renormalization group ( SNRG ) approach to calculate $ I ( V ) $ and the differential conductance through a single molecular level coupled to a local molecular phonon . +0 The Petrov scheme is considered to explore the effects of the scalar field on the algebraic classification of the solutions . The other two have a topological origin , as they define an improper coordinate transformation that provides the stationary solution from the static one . +1 We show that the link-weight distributions of all the species collapse remarkably onto each other when scaled suitably . It turns out that the scale-factor is a measure of complexity of the species . +1 In this paper , we discuss lepton jets as a promising signature of an extended dark sector . As a simple toy model , we consider an $ \mathcal { O } ( \text { GeV } ) $ DM fermion coupled to a new $ U ( 1 ) ' $ gauge boson ( dark photon ) with a mass of order GeV and kinetically mixed with the Standard Model photon . +1 Concrete , a mixture formed by mixing cement , water , and fine and coarse mineral aggregates is used in the construction of nuclear power plants ( NPPs ) , e.g. , to construct the reactor cavity concrete that encases the reactor pressure vessel , etc . In such environments , concrete may be exposed to radiation ( e.g. , neutrons ) emanating from the reactor core . +0 In order to investigate the magnetic structures related to the M6.6 event , particularly the formation process of a flare-triggering magnetic region , we analyzed multiple spacecraft observations and numerical results of a flare simulation . AR 11158 , which consisted of two major emerging bipoles , showed prominent activities including one X- and several M-class flares . +0 Game engine has been used in the AEC industry for visualization . In some cases , people do not know what the right behaviors are to protect the environment . +0 We have found that during the storm from 1712 to 2400 UT , the subsolar magnetopause was continuously located inside geosynchronous orbit due to strong compression . Dynamics of the dayside magnetosphere and proton radiation belt was analyzed during unusual magnetic storm on 21 January 2005 . +0 In particular , on the perturbative side , the inhomogeneous Schrodinger equation determining screening correlators is shown to have the same general form as the equation implementing LPM resummation for the soft-dilepton and photon production rates from a hot QCD plasma . We point out that such screening masses are sensitive to the same infrared physics as light-cone real-time rates . +1 Such semantics seems impossible because classical logic allows the Law of Excluded Middle ( LEM ) , not accepted in constructive logic since it does not have computational meaning . However , the apparently oracular powers expressed in the LEM , that for any proposition P either it or its negation , not P , is true can also be explained in terms of constructive evidence that does not refer to `` oracles for truth . '' +0 We also find no evidence for an environmental dependence on the disc scalelength or break strength ( outer-to-inner scalelength ratio ) , implying that the galaxy environment does not affect the stellar distribution in S0 stellar discs . However , we find hardly any ( & lt ; 5 per cent ) down-bending disc breaks ( truncations , Type II ) in our S0s and many cases ( ~20 per cent ) where no exponential component was observed . +0 In the limit Delta t & lt ; 0.02/T , the thermalization time t_T is found to be quantitatively the same as that of a non-equilibrium state created by a marginal perturbation discussed in Ref . [ 5 ] . The non-equilibrium initial state is created by switching on a relevant perturbation in the CFT vacuum during Delta t & gt ; = t & gt ; = -Delta t. Via AdS/CFT , the thermalization process corresponds to the gravitational collapse of a tachyonic scalar field ( m^2 = -3 ) in the Poincare patch of AdS_5 . +1 Our results are twofold . First , we identify a large class of quantum Hamiltonians describing systems of qubits for which the adiabatic evolution can be efficiently simulated on a classical probabilistic computer . +0 Based on simulation , the median expected upper limit is 4.3 ( 1.9 ) . upper limits on Higgs production are a factor of 6.2 ( 1.4 ) higher than the SM cross section for a Higgs mass of m_Higgs = 115 ( 160 ) GeV/c^2 . +0 Evidence for variability with RMS amplitudes ( in the I band ) of 0.01 to 0.055 magnitudes on timescales of 0.4 to 100 hours is discovered in half of these objects . We present photometric light curves for a sample of 21 ultra cool M and L dwarfs in the field and in the young open clusters sigma Orionis and the Pleiades . +1 Likewise , the high-energy behaviour will be demanded for the whole correlator , not for individual absorptive channels . The amplitude is progressively improved by considering more and more complicated operators in the hadronic lagrangian . +0 Physically realistic model of a dilute ball is discussed . A novel method is used to derive Casimir energy of a dilute dielectric ball without divergences in calculations . +1 The amplitudes for boson-boson and fermion-boson interactions are calculated in the second order of perturbation theory in the Lobachevsky space . An essential ingredient of the used model is the Weinberg 's $ 2 ( 2j+1 ) $ component formalism for describing a particle of spin $ j $ , recently developed substantially . +0 Subdwarf B stars are core helium-burning stars , which can be found on the extreme horizontal branch . We report the discovery of an eclipsing binary -- PTF1 J072456 $ + $ 125301 -- composed of a subdwarf B ( sdB ) star ( $ g'=17.2^m $ ) with a faint companion . +0 We derive the parameters of a novel class of spherical nonlinear cloaks and examine its invisibility performance by the proposed method at various nonlinear situations . The general cloaking condition is proposed from the wave relations for the first time . +0 Finally it is shown how some tools coming from the domain of \linebreak topological chaos can be used to measure quantitatively and qualitatively some desirable properties for hash functions . Then , the process of generating hash function based on the \linebreak topological chaos is detailed . +0 In this concept each input signal is continuously sampled by 16 flip-flops using equidistant phase-shifted clocks . Based on this platform , we present a 128-channel TDC which is implemented in a single Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA using a shifted clock sampling method . +1 One of the key problems related to the Bak-Sneppen evolution model on the circle is to compute the limit distribution of the fitness at a fixed observation vertex in the stationary regime , as the size of the system tends to infinity . Simulations in \cite { J } and \cite { B } suggest that this limit distribution is uniform on $ ( f,1 ) $ , for some $ f\sim2/3 $ . +1 The performance of cloud radio access network ( C-RAN ) is constrained by the limited fronthaul link capacity under future heavy data traffic . To tackle this problem , extensive efforts have been devoted to design efficient signal quantization/compression techniques in the fronthaul to maximize the network throughput . +0 These unusual properties of Majorana solitons may open an alternative way to manipulate Majorana fermions for fault-tolerant topological quantum computations . In the topological phase , we predict the existence of peculiar Majorana solitons , which host two Majorana fermions and feature a phase jump of $ \pi $ across the soliton , irrespective of the velocity of travel . +1 Based on this platform , we present a 128-channel TDC which is implemented in a single Xilinx Virtex-5 FPGA using a shifted clock sampling method . In this concept each input signal is continuously sampled by 16 flip-flops using equidistant phase-shifted clocks . +0 Those estimates are uniform , up to the possible blowing-up time . This family is used to get uniform estimates on higher derivatives to solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations . +1 We supply a characterisation of the automatic Boolean algebras , and it is proven that the free Abelian group of infinite rank , as well as certain Fraisse limits , do not have automatic presentations . In particular , the countably infinite random graph and the random partial order do not have automatic presentations . +0 We identify two Asymptotic Giant Branch variables , both carbon Miras , with periods of 189 and 554 days , respectively , and discuss their ages , metallicities and mass loss as well as their positions in the Mira period-luminosity diagram . With the aid of published kinematic data definite galaxy members are identified and the width in J-K of the colour-magnitude diagram is shown to be consistent with an old population of stars with a large range in metal abundance . +0 The { \it ab initio } DMC is used without refinement to generate Einstein A coefficients . The calculated energies are then substituted by experimental energies , where available , to improve the accuracy of the line lists . +1 The polarizabilities are measured via direct spectroscopy on the second-stage transition . Several states have tensor and scalar polarizabilities that exceed the values that might be expected from the known energy levels of barium by more than two orders of magnitude . +0 We conclude with an extensive simulation study , which shows finite sample properties of the new method and contains a comparison with existing approaches . We additionally show how our new procedure can be used to identify the components where non-stationarities occur and indicate possible extensions of this innovative approach . +1 Multidimensional Coherent Optical Photocurrent Spectroscopy ( MD-COPS ) is implemented using unstabilized interferometers . Photocurrent from a semiconductor sample is generated using a sequence of four excitation pulses in a collinear geometry . +1 The graph ensemble treated in this paper consists of weighted graphs with arbitrary specified degree distribution . The main contribution of our work is a lower bound for the accumulate distribution of the minimum s-t cut capacity . +1 In the strong field limit we demonstrate the existence of ( almost ) non-spreading states which remain localized on the lattice region populated initially and show coherent Bloch oscillations with fractional revivals in the momentum space ( so called quantum carpets ) . With decreasing field , the dynamics becomes irregular , however , still confined in configuration space . +0 The experimental signatures in collider and other experiments are briefly discussed . The stable right-handed neutrino communicates with the Standard Model via s-channel exchange of the Higgs field and the U ( 1 ) ' gauge boson , so that the observed relic density for dark matter is obtained in a wide range of the parameter space . +1 By using the ALFA adaptive optics system at the 3.6m telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory we detected a faint red star in the apparent vicinity of FU Ori , the prototype of the FUor outburst stars . Independent confirmation of the detection is obtained from archival PUEO/CFHT images . +0 The generalization aims at algorithmic analysis of dynamical systems through combinatorialization of flows given by differential equations and through sampling dynamics in physical and numerical experiments . We provide a topological characterization of attractors and repellers and prove Morse inequalities . +0 This property is known as `` locking '' and has previously been observed for other correlation measures , such as the accessible information , entanglement cost and the logarithmic negativity . Our results lead to the conclusion that both measures can drop by an arbitrary amount when only a single qubit of a local system is lost . +1 In this paper , we take the following steps to identify phishing URLs . First , we carefully select lexical features of the URLs that are resistant to obfuscation techniques used by attackers . +1 We update the theoretical predictions for direct Y ( nS ) hadroproduction in the framework of NRQCD . We show that the next-to-leading order corrections in alpha_s to the color-singlet transition significantly raise the differential cross section at high pT and substantially affect the polarization of the Upsilon . +1 We identify 3 regimes of the system 's energy levels : the normal , $ U ( 1 ) $ and quantum tunneling ( QT ) regime . The system 's energy levels are grouped into doublets which consist of scattering states and Schrodinger Cats with even ( e ) and odd ( o ) parities in the $ U ( 1 ) $ and quantum tunneling ( QT ) regime respectively . +0 If we introduce an external field to break the degeneracy of the ground states and let it approach zero after letting the temperature approach zero , then two possibilities will arise : the steady state is a definite one of the degenerate states independent of the initial state , or the steady state is dependent on the initial state in a complicated way . It is shown that the three-level system with degenerate ground states might have different behaviors depending on the details of the interaction with the heat bath when the temperature approaches zero . +0 We first prove that at least an optimal solution to the pricing subproblem is associated with an extreme collection pattern , and then design a tailored and novel label-setting algorithm to solve it . To solve this problem , we propose a exact branch-and-price-and-cut algorithm , where the pricing subproblem is a resource-constrained elementary least-cost path problem . +1 This is a desirable property for modeling problems in computational auditory scene analysis , since distinct sound sources in the environment are often well-modeled as combining additively in the corresponding magnitude spectrogram . We propose inference and learning algorithms that leverage existing NMF algorithms and that are straightforward to implement . +1 However , state-of-the-art methods to estimate occupancy and classify activity require infrastructure and/or wearable sensors which suffers from lower acceptability due to higher cost . Encouragingly , with the advancement of the smartphones , these are becoming more achievable . +0 It is suggested that the lack of self-consistency in the thermodynamics of the RJM is a result of neglected electrostatic correlations between the counterions and coions . On the other hand , Monte Carlo ( MC ) simulations show that both the effective pair potentials and the correlation functions are accurately predicted by the RJM . +0 Both Z bosons decay leptonically with all off-shell effects , virtual photon contributions and spin-correlation effects fully taken into account . We present the first calculation of next-to-leading order QCD corrections to QCD-induced ZZ production in association with two jets at hadron colliders . +1 The obtained expressions are equivalent to the formally derived helicity $ \alpha_d $ and diffusivity $ \eta_d $ in the first paper of this series . The model we propose predicts that the $ \alpha $ -effect in galactic discs has opposite sign with respect to that resulting directly from the sign of the Coriolis force . +0 This yields a probability measure $ \mathbb { P } $ on $ S ' $ and an isometric embedding of $ { \mathcal H } _ { \mathcal E } $ into $ L^2 ( S ' , \mathbb { P } ) $ , and hence gives a concrete representation of the boundary as a certain class of `` distributions '' in $ S ' $ . For the Hilbert space \HE of Dirichlet-finite functions on $ G $ , we construct a Gel'fand triple $ S \ci { \mathcal H } _ { \mathcal E } \ci S ' $ . +1 3 ) We present the general structure of superamplitudes on the Coulomb branch . For example , the n-point `` MHV-band '' superamplitude is proportional to a Grassmann polynomial of mixed degree 4 to 12 , which is uniquely determined by supersymmetry . +0 To fit lithium lines observed in spectra of the coolest dwarfs we used two additional suggestions : a ) there are some EXTRA depletions of molecular species absorbed in the optical spectra of L-dwarfs ; b ) there may be ( a few ? ) Overall shape of the L-dwarf spectra is governed by the K I + Na I resonance line wings of the huge strength . +0 We show that the generalized heat kernel coefficients can be related to the standard ones in a simple way . In this generalization , the standard heat kernel expansion , which counts inverse powers of a c-number mass parameter , is extended by allowing the mass to be a matrix in flavor space . +0 We present then different approaches to solve partial differential equations , first limiting ourselves to the one-dimensional case , with one or several domains . A theoretical introduction on spectral expansion is first given and a particular emphasis is put on the fast convergence of the spectral approximation . +1 A state-of-the-art ultra-low threshold nanolaser has been successfully developed though embedding quantum dots into photonic crystal cavity ( PhCC ) . However , several core challenges impede the practical applications of this architecture , including the random positions and compositional fluctuations of the dots , extreme difficulty in current injection , and lack of compatibility with electronic circuits . +1 This is a fundamental issue in many queueing systems , including crowdsourcing systems and wireless networks . We consider a system with multiple queues and servers , where the servers have queue-dependent , but unknown , service rates . +0 For most systems these regions have zero functional measure and thus give a null contribution to the path integral , but this is not the case for the massless oscillator . We show that the divergence is not due to the continuum limit and formulate the conjecture that the divergent contributions come from regions where the action $ S $ is constant and therefore the interference factor $ e^ { -iS/\hbar } $ does not oscillate . +1 The classical estimators such as the least squares estimator may not provide a reliable estimate under the so-called ( p , m ) -sparse attack . In this work , we are not restricting our efforts in studying whether any specific estimator is resilient to the attack or not , but instead we aim to present the generic sufficient and necessary conditions for resilience by considering a general class of convex optimization based estimators . +0 The total energies obtained for confined two-dimensional systems are in a good agreement with the standard local-density approximation within density-functional theory , and considerably more accurate than the Thomas-Fermi approximation . The freedom from orbitals and from the Hartree integral makes the proposed approximation numerically highly efficient . +1 Let $ Gr_G $ be the affine Grassmannian of $ { \mathfrak g } $ , and let $ D_\kappa ( Gr_G ) -mod $ be the category of $ \kappa $ -twisted right D-modules on $ Gr_G $ . By taking global sections of a D-module , we obtain a functor $ \Gamma : D_\kappa ( Gr_G ) -mod\to { \mathfrak g } _\kappa-mod $ . +0 In the case of operators on a space over an algebraically closed field this boils down to elementary algebraic geometry arising from the polynomial formula for the orginal operator . When the factors are polynomial in other commuting operators then we show that , in a suitable sense , generically factorisations algebraically yield decompositions . +1 Such systems may be achieved experimentally with trapped atoms , and provide a starting point for an effective field theory description of nuclear physics . We discuss the construction of our lattice theory , which allows us to study systems of up to ( but by no means limited to ) 38 fermions with high accuracy and modest computational resources , and offer an overview of several applications of the technique . +1 The data set covers 42 contiguous cycles of the system orbital motion . Analyzing this X-ray monitoring dataset , the largest to date for this source , we report on the variability of the orbital profile and the spectral distribution , and provide strong evidence for an anti-correlation between flux and spectral index ( the higher the flux , the harder the spectral index ) . +1 We discuss various channels in the context of the standard model . Many of these do not support a condensate , but some mixed-flavor channels do . +0 We obtain an average nuclear polarization of $ P = 0.9913\pm0.0008 $ , which is significantly more precise than previous measurements with this technique . We monitor the nuclear polarization of the same atoms that are decaying in situ by photoionizing a small fraction of the partially polarized atoms and then use the standard optical Bloch equations to model their population distribution . +1 A qualitative introduction to friction is presented by proposing exploration of different kind of materials in order to suggest which aspects can be relevant and which interaction is involved . Different quantitative experiments are proposed for studying Leonardo 's laws for friction . +1 These results can not be explained in terms of conditional probabilistic outcomes of projective measurements . However , a classical model has been recently put forward that can reproduce peculiar expectation values , reminiscent of weak values . +0 We find that , while the excitation spectrum of the vortex crystal phase is gapless with a linear dispersion in the vicinity of the minimum point , the spectra of the commensurate spiral spin phase and the skyrmion crystal phase are gapped . In this paper , we study the spin-wave excitation spectra of two-component Bose gases with spin-orbit coupling on a deep square optical lattice using spin-wave theory . +1 Using this analogy , we investigate the applicability of a real space renormalisation group approach , originally developped for quantum spin systems , to interacting particle systems . We apply the technique to an exactly solvable reaction-diffusion system and to the contact process ( both in $ d=1 $ ) . +1 Such behaviour could arise if there were a deterministic relationship between the polarity of the poloidal magnetic field that threads the outflow and the sense of rotation of the outflow 's source . Based on this interpretation , Countopoulos et al . +1 A young ( & lt ; 0.5 Gyr ) main sequence stellar component is present and clustered in two centrally-located clumps , while older stars form a more extended disk or halo . The colors of the main sequence require a relatively large extinction of A_V = 0.47 mag . +0 The chirality and relative stability of the Neel wall and Bloch wall depend on the position of the Fermi energy as well as the form of the coupling between the magnetic moments and orbital of the host TI . Here we demonstrate theoretically that the domain wall of this ferromagnet , which carries edge current , is charged and can be controlled by the external electric field . +0 We came to conclusion that stellar disks in a significant part of galaxies ( including LSB and some S0 galaxies ) are close to the marginal stability condition ( or are slightly overheated ) -- at least at radial distances $ r\sim $ 2-3 radial scalelenghts . As a measure of dynamical ( over ) heating , we use the ratio of the observed velocity dispersion to the minimal dispersion which provides the local stability of the stellar disks with respect to gravitational perturbations . +1 The weighted $ L^2 $ setting allows us to cover some singular cases , such as optimal stopping for stochastic equations with degenerate diffusion coefficient . As an application of the theory , we consider the pricing of American-style contingent claims . +0 For the reader 's convenience we present explicit expressions for low-order approximations and numerical examples to illustrate their accuracy . Explicit error bounds are given at every order of approximation . +0 The effect of superconducting correlation on the localization of quasiparticles is generally stronger in an off-site pairing state than in an on-site pairing state . Localization lengths of superconducting quasiparticles $ \lambda_s $ are evaluated and compared with the corresponding normal state values $ \lambda_n $ in one and two dimensional lattices . +0 We show , that the formation of certain types of order do not only depend on the thermodynamic phase diagrams as in bulk samples , but that the kinetic control may contribute to the phase formation in thin films . A detailed analysis of the measured NMR spectra presented in this paper enables us to find a very high degree of $ L2_1 $ type ordering up to 81 % concomitantly with excess Fe of 8 to 13 % at the expense of Al and Si . +1 Double peaked broad emission lines in active galactic nuclei are generally considered to be formed in an accretion disc . In this paper , we compute the profiles of reprocessing emission lines from a relativistic , warped accretion disc around a black hole in order to explore the possibility that certain asymmetries in the double-peaked emission line profile which can not be explained by a circular Keplerian disc may be induced by disc warping . +1 We also reviewed some data from the GBI monitoring program at two frequencies and hard X-ray BATSE ( 20-100 keV ) and soft X-ray RTXE ( 2-12 keV ) ASM data . We confirmed that flaring radio emission of Cyg X-3 correlated with hard and anti-correlated with soft X-ray emission during the strong flare ( & gt ; $ Jy ) in May 1997 . +0 With experimentally feasible parameters , we theoretically demonstrate such intriguing possibility in electric field-induced magnetization switching of a magnetostrictive nanomagnet . Considering the full three-dimensional motion , we point out that the built-in dynamics can facilitate switching without requiring any asymmetry in potential landscape even in the presence of thermal noise . +1 By applying a magnetic field , we induce ground state transitions and identify the corresponding quantum numbers by comparison with few-body calculations . In addition to atomic-like states , we find novel `` molecular-like '' phases . +0 It is applied to analyze the super-NLS equation . A manifestly $ N=2 $ supersymmetric coset formalism is introduced to describe integrable hierarchies . +1 We develop a new method that performs video reconstruction by low rank and sparse decomposition adaptively . Background subtraction becomes part of the reconstruction . +1 In diffusive shock acceleration , the maximum particle energy depends on the energy-dependence of the diffusion coefficient kappa . Most work on shock acceleration has made the plausible assumption that kappa is proportional to the particle gyroradius , implying a wavelength-independent spectrum of MHD turbulence , where Kolmogorov or Kraichnan spectra might be more physically plausible . +1 The degrees of freedom ( DoF ) of the multiple-input multiple-output ( MIMO ) Interference Broadcast Channel ( IBC ) with 2 cells and 2 users per cell are investigated when only delayed channel state information is available at the transmitter side ( delayed CSIT ) . Retrospective Interference Alignment has shown the benefits in terms of DoF of exploiting delayed CSIT for interference , broadcast and also for the IBC . +1 The model of a bicycle is a unit segment AB that can move in the plane so that it remains tangent to the trajectory of point A ( the rear wheel is fixed on the bicycle frame ) ; the same model describes the hatchet planimeter . The trajectory of the front wheel and the initial position of the bicycle uniquely determine its motion and its terminal position ; the monodromy map sending the initial position to the terminal one arises . +0 In this paper we generalize many of these results to the case when the symbolic Rees algebra $ O_X \oplus O_X ( -K_X ) \oplus O_X ( -2K_X ) \oplus ... $ is finitely generated ( or more generally , in the log setting for $ -K_X - \Delta $ ) . Many results are known about test ideals and $ F $ -singularities for $ { \bf Q } $ -Gorenstein rings . +0 In all cases the Hardy constant is related to that of a certain infinite sectorial region which has been studied by E.B.Davies . In this work we continue our investigation and we compute the Hardy constant for other non-convex planar domains . +1 Several tools exploit this fact to fingerprint and monitor users . Often , though , these tools assume to access the entire traffic , including IP addresses and payloads . +1 Moreover , the theoretical properties of those existing methods are not well understood . A faster and better characterized algorithm is desirable for the ultra high throughput data . +1 However , the higher CMB multipoles have a richer phenomenology . The CMB anisotropy power spectrum will for the most part simply project to smaller scales , as the comoving distance to last scattering increases , and we derive a scaling relation that describes this behaviour . +1 Stellar population models have been used to derive ages , metallicities and alpha/Fe abundances along the radius . We find that line-strength gradients are due , mainly , to variations of the total metallicity with the radius . +0 Second , total global megaproject spending is assessed , at USD 6-9 trillion annually , or 8 percent of total global GDP , which denotes the biggest investment boom in human history . First , it answers the question of how large megaprojects are by measuring them in the units mega , giga , and tera , concluding we are presently entering a new `` tera era '' of trillion-dollar projects . +0 Their cell structure is weaker , as it does not come with a multiplication , and they are far from being p-Fermat , even weakly . The class of automata that we study in this article has none of these properties . +0 The semifluxon spontaneously appears at the $ \pi $ discontinuity of the Josephson phase artificially created by means of two tiny current injectors . We demonstrate a high-frequency generator operating at ~200GHz based on flipping a semifluxon in a Josephson junction of moderate normalized length . +1 I present forecasts for the ability of a suite of possible SKA HI surveys to detect deviations from GR by reconstructing the cosmic expansion and growth history . SKA Phase 1 intensity mapping surveys can achieve sub-1\ % measurements of $ f\sigma_8 $ out to $ z\approx 1 $ , with an SKA1-MID Band 2 survey out to $ z \lesssim 0.6 $ able to surpass contemporary spectroscopic galaxy surveys such as DESI and Euclid in terms of constraints on modified gravity parameters if challenges such as foreground contamination can be tackled effectively . +0 We consider reference frames defined by linear gauge conditions , and discuss their Gribov ambiguities and commutator algebra . We study the quantization of many-body systems in three dimensions in rotating coordinate frames using a gauge invariant formulation of the dynamics . +1 All highest weight representations are proved to be irreducible : There are thus no singular vectors in the extended theory . This has interesting structural consequences . +1 First , we explain that its cohomology is trivial also in the Ramond sector . Then , we show that the boundary state corresponding to it is identically zero . +0 We determine the phase diagram of this model by means of transfer matrix calculations and Monte Carlo simulations . This alters the behaviour of the model considerably . +0 We have also used it to detect atoms trapped near the surface in a standing-wave optical dipole potential . A quantitative understanding of the measured curve was obtained using a detailed calculation of the evanescent intensity distribution . +0 These manifolds were introduced by Milnor to give generators for the unoriented cobordism algebra , and they admit free actions by elementary abelian 2-groups . A real Milnor manifold is the non-singular hypersurface of degree $ ( 1,1 ) $ in the product of two real projective spaces . +1 The approach considers the total free energy of a system as a functional of a local electronic Green function which is probed in the region of interest . Since we have a variety of notions of locality in our formulation , our method is manifestly basis -- set dependent . +1 For a given sensor , the higher the portion of channels with unconditionally secure key exchange the higher the trust value . We give a brief introduction to unconditionally secured key exchange concepts and mention current trust measures in sensor networks . +1 In order to validate the code , two different tests have been performed : one against a special Taylor shock-like analytic solution , the other against published results on a High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ( HIFU ) system , both with satisfactory results . The code , available under an open source license , is written for parallel execution on a Graphics Processing Unit ( GPU ) , thus improving performance by a factor of over 60 when compared to the standard serial execution finite volume code CLAWPACK 4.6.1 , which has been used as reference for the implementation logic as well . +0 We compile the broadband SEDs observed with Fermi/LAT and other instruments from literature for 24 TeV BL Lac objects . BL Lac objects are the best candidates to study the jet properties since their spectral energy distributions ( SEDs ) are less contaminated by the emission from the accretion disk and external Compton processes . +0 Two possible candidates , convection and the so-called standing accretion shock instability ( SASI ) , have been proposed for this role . The neutrino-driven explosion mechanism for core-collapse supernovae in its modern flavor relies on the additional support of hydrodynamical instabilities in achieving shock revival . +1 In order to build a model of pit , parameters that characterize a geometry of edges of pit , such as a curvature radius and a slope angle of edge , should be included , because the magnetic field is enhanced at an edge of a pit . A shape of the bottom of the pit is not important , because the magnetic field attenuates at the bottom . +1 This limit falls into a general class of two-dimensional systems of driven linear SDEs which have stationary measures on gradients . Taking the number of particles to infinity we demonstrate Gaussian free field type fluctuations for the stationary measure . +0 Both results are obtained by showing that if $ G : M\to\mathbb R $ is any smooth function and $ \omega $ is any smooth 1-form on $ M $ such that $ G ( x ) +\omega_ { x } ( v ) $ integrates to zero along any closed orbit of $ \phi $ , then $ G $ must be identically zero and $ \omega $ must be exact . We also show infinitesimal rigidity of the action spectrum of $ \phi $ with respect to variations of $ \Omega $ . +1 The CDMS experiment aims to directly detect massive , cold dark matter particles originating from the Milky Way halo . Charge and lattice excitations are detected after a particle scatters in a Ge or Si crystal kept at ~30 mK , allowing to separate nuclear recoils from the dominating electromagnetic background . +0 If the production cross-sections for supersymmetry are relatively low , as indicated by the fact that it has not revealed itself yet in standard searches , the usual assumptions about the superpartner spectra need re-thinking . In this short review article , we outline , using flavor-dependent sleptons as an example , how flavor can affect both searches for supersymmetry , and future measurements aimed at understanding the nature of any new discoveries . +0 The paper ends with an application to algebraic K-theory . The main aim of this paper is , however , to generalise this corrected result to derive formulae of Hopf type for the n-fold Cech derived functors of the lower central series functors Z_k . +0 This leads to the Planck spectrum . It is then suggested that the actual thermodynamic behavior for a harmonic oscillator is given by the function satisfying the Wien displacement result which provides the smoothest possible interpolation between scale-decoupled energy equipartition at low frequency and scale-invariant zero-point energy at high frequency . +0 Optical depths are basically identical for all kinds of stellar coronae and we conclude that identical optical depths are more probable when effects from resonant scattering are generally negligible . The same ratios obtained from optically thin plasma atomic databases such as MEKAL , Chianti , and APEC are found to be discrepant , however , we find no convincing proof for resonance line scattering . +0 The lattice constants and the Laue pattern of the crystals from X-ray micro-diffraction showed the crystal symmetry of MgB2 . We synthesized hexagonal-disc-shaped MgB2 single crystals under high-pressure conditions and analyzed the microstructure and pinning properties . +1 As is well known , the evidence of varying fine structure constant $ \alpha $ was found in 1998 . If $ \Lambda\propto\alpha^ { -6 } $ is right , it means that the cosmological constant $ \Lambda $ should be also varying . +0 The obtained Hanle and inverted Hanle-like curves show an anomalous behavior . We test the validity of Hanle measurements in three-terminal devices by using aluminum ( Al ) and gold ( Au ) . +0 Gauge groups and spectra are identical from both the orbifold and the smooth bundle perspectives . We compare these models with the corresponding C^2/Z_3 orbifold models , and find that all of these gauge backgrounds can be related to configurations of vacuum expectation values ( VEV 's ) of twisted and sometimes untwisted states . +0 Electric field fluctuations on the scale of the electron gyro-diameter were found to be of finite amplitude in the shock ramp , which requires that the electron trajectories be more random and chaotic than orderly and adiabatic . These results can not be explained by energy transfer from waves to electrons or by the motion of magnetized electrons through the shock . +1 However , model-independently , i.e.using only experimental constraint imposed by the limit on $ Br ( \eta\to\pi^+\pi^- ) $ it can be up to $ O ( 10 % ) $ . We also explore various possible operators and we find that the tensor type operator , possibly arising from a nonzero CP violating electric dipole moment of the strange quark , can induce a sizable linear photon polarization . +1 Finally , we provide a quantitative insight into the balance between information gain and state disturbance . We define the quality of an information transfer . +0 $ R^p $ -valued random variables $ X_1^p , X_2^p , ... $ with radial laws corresponding to $ \nu $ as above . For fixed $ \nu\in M^1 ( [ 0 , \infty [ ) $ and each dimension p , we consider i.i.d . +0 When the head-on collision of two identical BPS D-vortices of zero radius is considered , it predicts either 90 $ { } ^ { \circ } $ scattering or 0 $ { } ^ { \circ } $ scattering equivalent to 180 $ { } ^ { \circ } $ scattering . For the BPS D-vortices , we show through exact calculations that the classical motion of randomly-distributed $ n $ D-vortices is governed by a relativistic Lagrangian of free massive point-particles . +1 We examine the relationship of the two asymmetries $ A_ { FB } ^t $ and $ A_ { FB } ^\ell $ . We show their connection through the $ ( V-A ) $ spin correlation between the charged lepton and the top quark with different polarization states . +1 Thick SiC plates serve as the thermal `` source '' and `` drain '' , while graphene sheets function as the `` gate '' to modulate the near-field photon tunneling by tuning chemical potential with applied voltage biases symmetrically or asymmetrically . The radiative heat flux calculated from fluctuational electrodynamics significantly varies with graphene chemical potentials , which can tune the coupling between graphene plasmon across the vacuum gap . +0 In the 1975 Hawley and Peebles presented the method for investigations of the galaxies orientation in the large structures . The analysis of Tully 's groups of galaxies belonging to the Local Supercluster ( LSC ) was performed . +1 ( 2009 ) , we find that a strong baryonic wind is blown out along the original binary rotation axis within $ 100 $ ms after the merger . We compute a lower limit on the expelled mass of $ 3.5 \times 10^ { -3 } M_ { \odot } $ , large enough to be relevant for heavy element nucleosynthesis . +1 We discuss how such problems are alleviated in models that construct dual amplitudes with Mandelstam analyticity ( so-called DAMA models ) . We then introduce a modified DAMA model , and we discuss its properties . +1 A cut and count method and two likelihood methods were employed to measure the cross section and important systematic effects were investigated . The expected statistical and systematic errors for a luminosity of 100 $ \ipb $ are also given . +1 We show the relation of these models and the biparametric spin chain $ \widehat { sl_ { p , q } \left ( n \right ) } $ models . The cases $ n=2 $ are $ n=3 $ are discussed and for $ n=2 $ we obtain the model of Dasgupta and Chowdhury . +1 We discuss the modifications for a realistic model of N_f , up up-type flavours and N_f , down down-type flavours . We have implemented these corrections into a numerical program and we quantify the size of these effects in a toy model . +1 We consider the advection-diffusion equation \ [ \phi_t + Au \cdot \nabla \phi = \Delta \phi , \qquad \phi ( 0 , x ) =\phi_0 ( x ) \ ] on $ \bbR^2 $ , with $ u $ a periodic incompressible flow and $ A\gg 1 $ its amplitude . We provide a sharp characterization of all $ u $ that optimally enhance dissipation in the sense that for any initial datum $ \phi_0\in L^p ( \bbR^2 ) $ , $ p & lt ; \infty $ , and any $ \tau & gt ; 0 $ , \ [ \|\phi ( \cdot , \tau ) \|_ { L^\infty ( \bbR^2 ) } \to 0 \qquad \text { as $ A\to\infty $ . } +1 We suggest that these solutions which attempt to incorporate a phenomenological , but incompatible , condition are in some , imprecise sense `weak-type solutions ' ; they satisfy or are likely to satisfy , at least in the limit , the governing equations and boundary conditions everywhere except in the neighbourhood of the contact line . We discuss the implications of the result for the analysis of inviscid flows with free surfaces . +1 The weights are obtained composing a suitable support map with the rank function of a graded lattice that satisfies certain regularity properties . We express the Krawtchouk coefficients of the corresponding MacWilliams transformation in terms of the combinatorial invariants of the underlying lattice , and show that the most relevant weight functions studied in coding theory belong , up to equivalence , to the class that we introduce . +1 We investigate the effect of temperature on the dynamic properties of magnetic vortices in small disks . Our calculations use a stochastic version of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert ( LLG ) equation , valid for finite temperatures well below the Curie critical temperature . +1 The task involves taking a user query as input and returning a list of people who are sorted by their level of expertise with respect to the user query . Despite recent interest in the area , the current state-of-the-art techniques lack in principled approaches for optimally combining different sources of evidence . +0 We find analytical solutions for the temporal evolution and the steady-state of this system by means of phase-space techniques , providing an unusual solvable model of an open quantum system , including pumping and decoherence . We derive a master equation for this strongly-driven micromaser , involving the contributions of the unitary atom-field interactions and the dissipative effects of a thermal bath . +1 However , if it is very close to the cosmological apparent horizon size , the accretion is suppressed due to general relativistic effects . In any case , it soon gets smaller than the cosmological horizon and thereafter it can be approximated as an isolated vacuum solution with decaying mass accretion . +1 We study implications of N=4 superconformal symmetry in three dimensions , thus extending our earlier results in arXiv:1503.04961 devoted to the N=1,2,3 cases . We show that the three-point function of the supercurrent in N=4 superconformal field theories contains two linearly independent forms . +0 This indicates that there is a corresponding phase transition of the $ { \cal N } $ =4 large $ N $ super Yang-Mills theory at finite temperature . The low energy excitation of the rotating D3-branes is thermodynamically stable up to a critical angular momentum density . +0 It is extremely unlikely that the momentum density of local mass concentrations is responsible for any of the large angular scale anomalies in WMAP data . While the local anisotropy contribution peaks at low multipoles , for reasonable models of the mass and velocity distributions associated with local super structures we find that the amplitude of temperature anisotropies is at most at a level of 10 $ ^ { -2 } $ $ \mu $ K and is substantially smaller than primordial fluctuations . +1 Interpret those sentences whose G\ '' odel numbers are in $ U $ as true , and their negations as false . These sentences together form an MA language . +1 It is modest for B - & gt ; DK but can be O ( 1 ) for B - & gt ; D\pi . We illustrate the size of the shift on an example of Gronau-London-Wyler method . +0 They go together under the term 'EPR-type disentanglement ' . It was pointed out in the first part of this study that EPR-type entanglement is defined by the possibility of performing any of two mutually incompatible distant , i. e. , direct-interaction-free , measurements . +1 Isotope effects in a multiband superconductor with a leading interband pairing channel are investigated . A relatively small electron-phonon contribution into the pair-transfer interaction can cause effects of observed magnitude . +0 Middleboxes contribute significantly to a network 's capital and operational costs . Middlebox functionalities are usually deployed on expensive and proprietary hardware that require trained personnel for deployment and maintenance . +0 It is found that the stationary heat flux $ J ( N ) \sim N^ { \alpha } $ , and $ \alpha $ depends on the strength of the external potential . Moreover , the heat conduction of Rubin-Greer-like model for FK chain at low temperature is calculated . +0 In contrast to several recent works on the analysis of standard nodal finite element discretisations , we consider here mass-conservative lowest order Raviart-Thomas mixed finite elements . We are interested in the error introduced by a finite element discretisation of these problems . +0 We propose a unified space of parameters for a systematic study of inflationary/bouncing cosmologies . By explicit computation of its primordial spectral index we show the power spectrum of curvature perturbations , generated during the tachyon matter dominated contraction phase , to be nearly scale invariant . +1 The UV emission lines of Hercules X-1 , resolved with the HST GHRS and STIS , can be divided into broad ( FWHM 750 km/s ) and narrow ( FWHM 150 km/s ) components . The broad lines can be unambiguously identified with emission from an accretion disk which rotates prograde with the orbit . +0 An XMM-Newton collection of 149 radio-quiet Type 1 AGN has been systematically and uniformly analyzed in order to search for significant evidence of a relativistically broadened Fe Kalpha line . The aim of this work is to establish the fraction of AGN with relativistic Fe Kalpha lines , and study possible correlations with source physical properties . +1 An award value depends on the number of times the game is played . The random sample mean is discussed as a universal award . +1 They omitted an important energy term from the long-range polarization of the ionized donor , which vanishes for the neutral donor . They also omitted the donor-phonon interaction . +1 The logistic loss function is often advocated in machine learning and statistics as a smooth and strictly convex surrogate for the 0-1 loss . In this paper we investigate the question of whether these smoothness and convexity properties make the logistic loss preferable to other widely considered options such as the hinge loss . +1 In this paper we extend those results to the case when one naively blows up X at any suitably generic zero-dimensional subscheme Z . The resulting algebra A has a number of curious properties ; for example it is noetherian but never strongly noetherian and the point modules are never parametrized by a projective scheme . +0 This allows one to gather detailed information on the spread of the HIV epidemic . An individual detected as HIV positive in Cuba is asked to provide a list of his/her sexual contacts for the previous 2 years . +1 We set out to recover a complete image of the Fe I and Ca II gas emission around { \beta } Pic by spatially resolved , high-resolution spectroscopic observations to better understand the morphology and origin of the gaseous disk component . The multiple fiber facility FLAMES/GIRAFFE at the VLT , with the large IFU ARGUS , was used to obtain spatially resolved optical spectra in four regions covering the northeast and southwest side of the disk . +1 In contrast , electric charge neutrality in the less symmetric 2-flavor superconducting ( 2SC ) phase with ud pairing requires more electrons than the normal quark phase . The free energy density cost of enforcing color and electric charge neutrality in the CFL phase is lower than that in the 2SC phase , which favors the formation of the CFL phase . +1 At early times , a large-scale helical dynamo develops in the bottom layer . At later times the dynamo saturates , but the vertical magnetic field continues to develop and rises to form dynamic bipolar structures at the top , which later disappear and reappear . +1 This extends a previous result giving a weaker central limit theorem ( CLT ) for these systems . Our result relies on the fact that the Lee-Yang zeros of the generating function for $ \ { E ( k ; J ) \ } $ -- - the probabilities of there being exactly $ k $ points in $ J $ -- - all lie on the negative real $ z $ -axis . +0 Evolutionary KdV vessel may be considered as a generalization of these previous works . Inverse scattering of the Sturm-Liouville operator and evolution of its potential are the basic ingredients , similar to the existing methods developed by Gardner-Greene-Kruskal-Miura ( 1967 ) , Zacharov-Shabbath ( 1974 ) and Peter Lax ( 1977 ) . +0 In contrast with the classical bistable interior reaction model , its behavior at the side of the invading state is of power type , while at the side of the invaded state its decay is exponential . We also establish the monotonicity of the front and , in the bistable case , its behavior at infinity . +1 X-ray diffraction analysis identifies the main phase to be the superconducting tetragonal \b { eta } -FeSe . The superconducting transition temperature ( TC ) is determined to be 9.4 K by AC magnetic susceptibility and electronic transport measurements . +0 The focal plane of the large-sized telescopes ( LSTs ) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array ( CTA ) will also be covered by hexagonal light concentrators with an entrance diameter of 50 mm ( side to side ) to maximize the active area and the photon collection efficiency , enabling realization of a very low energy threshold of 20 GeV . Reflective light concentrators with hexagonal entrance and exit apertures are frequently used at the focal plane of gamma-ray telescopes in order to reduce the size of the dead area caused by the geometries of the photodetectors , as well as to reduce the amount of stray light entering at large field angles . +0 In both cases they involve definite integration with kernels which are appropriately rescaled one-sided L\ ' { e } vy stable probability distribution functions $ g_ { \alpha } ( x ) $ , $ 0 & lt ; \alpha & lt ; 1 $ , $ x & gt ; 0 $ . For $ 0 & lt ; \alpha & lt ; 1 $ we furnish the closed form expressions for the inverse Laplace transforms $ \mathcal { L } ^ { -1 } [ F ( p^ { \alpha } ) ; x ] $ and $ \mathcal { L } ^ { -1 } [ p^ { \alpha-1 } F ( p^ { \alpha } ) ; x ] $ . +1 I fit standard fireball remnant models to the first month of x-ray , optical , and infrared measurements , which may be done without assuming a GRB distance scale . I show that its emission is consistent with that of the remnant of a relativistically expanding impulsive fireball in which a forward shock dominates the emission of the GRB event : the piston model . +1 It is tested and evaluated and we investigate the degree of uniqueness of the potential , particularly for cases where there is insufficient information to define the potential uniquely . We examine the potentials which result when the $ S $ -matrix is generated from a $ T_ { \rm P } $ interaction . +1 FRET radii were experimentally estimated in background electrolyte solution ( 0.01 M NaNO3 ) and proved to be 3.9 +- 0.3 nm and the data are in satisfactory agreement with the theoretically calculated value Ro = 3.5 +- 0.3 nm . Concentration of DNA sites , exposed to Cu ( II ) , Cu ( I ) , Ag ( I ) ions , AgNPs impact as well as laser irradiation ( { \lambda } = 457 nm ) and temperature , which are applicable for intercalation , were estimated in relative units . +1 We consider the emission of gravitational waves in the two proposed models for the collapse of a massive star to a black hole : the prompt collapse , in which nearly all the star collapses to a black hole in a dynamical time scale , and the delayed collapse , in which a light black hole , or a neutron star , which subsequently accretes matter , forms due to the fall-back achieving , in the neutron star case , the critical mass for black hole formation . Recent simulations strongly support this last scenario . +1 As is well known , these systems are among core mathematical problems of a very popular compressed sensing field . The popularity of the field as well as a substantial academic interest in linear systems with sparse solutions are in a significant part due to seminal results \cite { CRT , DonohoPol } . +0 In this article , we study the following three classes of quadratic functions of wide interest . The Walsh transform $ \widehat { Q } $ of a quadratic function $ Q : F_ { p^n } \rightarrow F_p $ satisfies $ |\widehat { Q } ( b ) | \in \ { 0 , p^ { \frac { n+s } { 2 } } \ } $ for all $ b\in F_ { p^n } $ , where $ 0\le s\le n-1 $ is an integer depending on $ Q $ . +0 In addition they are widely used in numerous application domains . These methods offer the currently best approach to several central problems such as learning half spaces and learning DNF 's . +1 Entropy production retains its usual form as a sum of products of fluxes and forces and Onsager 's symmetry principle is proven to hold for the average nanosystem if it is valid for the macroscopic ensemble , by two methods . The first one provides expressions that relate the coefficients of the two systems . +1 A relational database is said to be uncertain if primary key constraints can possibly be violated . A repair ( or possible world ) of an uncertain database is obtained by selecting a maximal number of tuples without ever selecting two distinct tuples with the same primary key value . +0 An earlier theoretical prediction on the basis of this model was that of a pseudogap in the electron DOS , setting in at some temperature T* and evolving into the superconducting gap upon approaching Tc . This important experimental result has been theoretically predicted by us almost 6 years ago on a basis of the phenomenological boson fermion model . +1 IR-calc has the right strength : it is sound and complete . IRM-calc is too strong : it is not sound any more , and the same applies to long-distance Resolution . +1 This long sequence of data provides an ideal assessment of the system prior to , during , and after the recent 2009-2011 eclipse . We have reconstructed model-independent images from the 10 in-eclipse epochs which show that a disk-like object is indeed responsible for the eclipse . +0 The model , which contains no free parameters and accounts for both coherent scattering and liquid phase screening effects , was found to reproduce well the experimental drift velocities and characteristic energies . The multi-term Boltzmann equation framework accounting for coherent scattering enables the inclusion of the full anisotropy in the differential cross-section arising from the interaction and the structure factor , without an a priori assumption of quasi-isotropy in the velocity distribution function . +0 At the end of the game , the obtained graph is a tournament . We study biased { \em orientation games } , in which the board is the complete graph $ K_n $ , and Maker and Breaker take turns in directing previously undirected edges of $ K_n $ . +1 Here an instance consists of a graph G = ( V , E ) , a positive cost function c : V- & gt ; Z^ { + } , a partition $ P_1 , ... , P_r $ of the edge set $ E $ , and a parameter $ k_i $ for each partition $ P_i $ . The goal is to find a minimum cost set of vertices which cover at least $ k_i $ edges from the partition $ P_i $ . +0 At virtually all epochs , we detect at least one large spot group on the surface causing a 1-10 % flux modulation in the Kepler passband . Using an established light-curve inversion algorithm , we study the evolution of the surface features based on Kepler space telescope light curves over a period of two years ( with a gap of .25 years ) . +0 Up to now this solution has been considered as a two -- parameter self -- consistent field . Several interpretations have been formulated for this magnetic spacetime . +1 Also different from classical primitive words , we find that a word may have more than one Abelian root . We also consider enumeration problems and the relation to the theory of codes . +0 We examine the spatial variations of the MIR emission components in slices through two of the ultra compact-HII ( UC-HII ) regions . We employ Spitzer/IRS spectral mapping observations of the northern part of W49A to investigate the mid-infrared ( MIR ) spatial appearance of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( PAH ) bands , PAH plateau features , atomic lines and continuum emission . +0 The Hummer & amp ; Mihalas theory is used to describe the non-ideal effects due to perturbations on the absorber from protons and electrons . For the first time , we account for the non-ideal effects in a consistent way directly inside the line profile calculations . +1 The measured change in absorbance is consistent with standard spectrometer measurements . The refractive index of a pristine sample measured with the WLIM is also found to be consistent with the spectrum found by independent means ( F. Yakuphanoglu and B. Senkal , Electrical conductivity , photoconductivity , and optical properties of poly ( 1,4 diaminoanthraquinone ) organic semiconductor for optoelectronic applications , Polym.Adv.Technol . +0 To achieve this the barrier is dependent not only on the crystal symmetry and interatomic bonding but also on the applied stress tensor . For this purpose , we introduce the concept of a hypothetical Peierls barrier , which reproduces all the aspects of the dislocation glide at 0 K resulting from the complex response to non-glide stresses and is expressed in a compact form by the yield criteria advanced in Part II . +0 Recent work by Harvey , van der Hoeven , and Lecerf showed that this complexity estimate can be improved in order to get $ K=8 $ , andconjecturally $ K=4 $ . In 2007 , F { \ '' u } rer proved that there exists $ K\textgreater { } 1 $ and an algorithm performing thisoperation in $ O ( n \cdot \log n \cdot K^ { \log^* n } ) $ . +1 Here , we derive a more general proximity model starting from an appropriate microscopic model for the Dirac electron system in planar contact with a superconductor . The resulting model describes the proximity effect in terms of the energy-dependent pair potential and renormalization term . +0 The slanting between the branes is assumed to be small . As a follow-up to our previous paper arxiv : 1309.4244 [ hep-th ] , we determine radion induced spherically symmetric solution using the gradient approximation scheme , when two warped $ 3 $ -branes are slant with respect to each other such that the radion field in this case is a radial co-ordinate varying function . +1 The noncommutativity has introduced interesting new objects in JP 's Planck scale framework . The anomaly issue was discussed . +1 We compare the numerical distribution with the analytic prediction , and find that the two results agree with each other very well . We conclude that our analytic model provides a quantitative physical explanation for the intrinsic alignment of dark halo substructures . +1 In such an operational formalism a quantum mechanical time operator is constructed and analyzed . A phase space time and energy uncertainty relation is derived . +1 Here , we demonstrate similar Bloch oscillations in a slightly richer Josephson circuit , the quantronium . The quantronium is a Bloch transistor with two small junctions in series , defining an island , in parallel with a larger junction . +1 We believe that one can have serious reservations as to whether heavy ion collisions ( e.g.100 GeV/n Au + 100 GeV/n Au ) can lead to Thermal and Chemical equilibrium over large regions ( particularly if it is assumed this happens whenever QGP is produced at RHIC-that is if it is produced ) . It is at present not clear that the collision dynamics and times available will lead to this . +1 Optical spectroscopy of objects matched to X-ray point sources confirms a total of 27 AGN within the five structures , and we find that their host galaxies tend to be located away from dense cluster cores . More than 36 % of host galaxies are located in the `green valley ' , which suggests they are a transitional population . +1 We present a number of examples of such composition satisfying properties ( a ) and ( b ) . We obtain new Dobinski-type formulas and solve the associated moment problem for several hierarchically defined combinatorial families of sequences . +0 Special emphasis is placed in the most relevant mathematical aspects of the theoretical derivation of the final equations , as well as in the results regarding the existence and uniqueness of their solutions . From the molecular Hamiltonian , using and discussing the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , we arrive to the Hartree and Hartree-Fock equations for the electronic problem . +1 For a homomorphism of commutative rings A\to R , we also construct a tensor structure on the R/A-semicoderived category of R-modules . A vision of semi-infinite algebraic geometry is discussed in the introduction . +1 We show that any bipartite quantum state of rank four is distillable , when the partial transpose of the state has at least one negative eigenvalue , i.e. , the state is NPT . For this purpose we prove that if the partial transpose of a two-qutrit NPT state has two non-positive eigenvalues , then the state is distillable . +1 1989 ; Corrigan et al . 1991 ; Ostensen et al . +1 We analyze the partition function of the Ising model on graphs of two different types : complete graphs , wherein all nodes are mutually linked and annealed scale-free networks for which the degree distribution decays as $ P ( k ) \sim k^ { -\lambda } $ . We are interested in zeros of the partition function in the cases of complex temperature or complex external field ( Fisher and Lee-Yang zeros respectively ) . +1 Axions are possible candidates of dark matter in the present Universe . They have been argued to form axionic boson stars with small masses $ \sim 10^ { -12 } M_ { \odot } $ . +1 BL Lac objects are the best candidates to study the jet properties since their spectral energy distributions ( SEDs ) are less contaminated by the emission from the accretion disk and external Compton processes . We compile the broadband SEDs observed with Fermi/LAT and other instruments from literature for 24 TeV BL Lac objects . +0 First , we formulate a dense gas kinetic theory that is applicable to the Saturnian system . This paper examines the onset of the viscous overstability in dense particulate rings . +1 From a more conceptual point of view , differential forms are functions on the superspace of maps from the odd line to M and the action of Diff ( the odd line ) on forms is equivalent to deRham differential and to degrees of forms . Gorms are functions on the superspace of maps from the odd plane to M and we study the action of Diff ( the odd plane ) on gorms ; it contains more than just degrees and differentials . +1 The system provides low-cost minute-by-minute alignment monitoring with submicron precision . To reduce ambiguities , we modified the original three-element rasnik design to a two-element one . +0 We performed the linear stability analysis and computed the nonlinear dynamics . Written in terms of the step slope , the PDE can be represented in the form similar to a convective Cahn-Hilliard equation . +1 To perform accurate numerical investigations by the finite differences or finite element method , one must consider a specific problem known as the numerical dispersion of waves . Numerical dispersion may increase the numerical error during the propagation process as the wave velocity ( phase and group ) depends on the features of the numerical model . +1 Learning problems in the text processing domain often map the text to a space whose dimensions are the measured features of the text , e.g. , its words . Three characteristic properties of this domain are ( a ) very high dimensionality , ( b ) both the learned concepts and the instances reside very sparsely in the feature space , and ( c ) a high variation in the number of active features in an instance . +0 Any dynamical study of exoplanets requires the good knowledge of the orbital elements and the investigations involving the planet g are particularly interesting , since this body would lie in the Habitable Zone ( HZ ) of the star GJ581 . The main ones are the ocurrence of aliases and the additional bodies - the planets f and g - announced in Vogt et al.2010 . +0 It is shown that the product of standard deviations of two position wavefunctions in the plane of a holographic light sheet is equal to the product of their normal separation and the Planck length . Wavefunctions describing spacetime positions are modeled as complex disturbances of quasi-monochromatic radiation . +1 We investigate the behavior of arrays in three voltage regimes : below , at and above the critical voltage . For voltages less than $ V_T $ , we find that the features of the invasion of charge onto the array depend on whether the dots have uniform or varying capacitances . +0 The middle part of the initial tube is endowed with a density deficit to instigate a buoyant emergence . We have performed a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamic simulation to study the emergence of a twisted magnetic flux tube from -20,000 km of the solar convection zone to the corona through the photosphere and the chromosphere . +1 For the case of brane-localized massive Dirac fermion we introduce the particle 's spin in the traditional Dirac form without invoking the Newman-Penrose method . Our direct introduction of spin enables us to compute contributions to the $ j $ th-level partial absorption cross section from orbital angular momenta $ \ell = j \pm 1/2 $ . +1 They are closely related to Ramanujan 's mock theta functions , their theta lifts give rise to Arakelov Green functions , and their coefficients are often related to central values and derivatives of Hecke L-functions . We present an algorithm to compute harmonic weak Maass forms numerically , based on the automorphy method due to Hejhal and Stark . +1 This has led to specific policies aimed at interdisciplinary research in many countries . There is however at this moment no generally accepted method to adequately select and evaluate interdisciplinary research . +1 Using the coupled defocusing nonlinear Schr\ '' odinger ( NLS ) equations as a representative model , we focus on condensation in the phase mixing regime . We employ weak turbulence theory to provide a complete thermodynamic description of the classical condensation process . +1 A tilt grain boundary of a top graphene sheet in graphene multilayers leads to a twist between consecutive layers and generates superstructures ( Moir\'e patterns ) on one side of the boundary . Our results demonstrate that the twisting changes the electronic spectra of Bernal graphene bilayer and graphene trilayers dramatically . +0 Although the second version predicted D3 and M5 branes in addition to those of the first , it came unstuck because the 1/2 BPS solitonic branes failed to exhibit the required symmetry enhancement in the near-horizon limit , except in the non-dilatonic cases ( p=2 , D=11 ) , ( p=3 , D=10 ) and ( p=5 , D=11 ) . The first pinpointed those ( p , D ) slots consistent with kappa-symmetric Green-Schwarz type actions ; the second generalized the `` membrane at the end of the universe '' idea to all those superconformal groups describing p-branes on the boundary of AdS_ { p+2 } x S^ { D-p-2 } . +0 We show that a positive-energy massive Dirac electron of given helicity can be thought of as a superposition of positive and negative energy Weyl particles of the same helicity and that a single massive Dirac electron can in principle move luminally at all times . In our endeavour to build a pilot-wave theory of massless fermions , which would be relevant for the study of quantum non-equilibrium in the early universe , we are naturally led to Weyl spinors and to particle trajectories which give meaning to the `zig-zag ' picture of the electron discussed recently by Penrose . +0 Because the braids form a group , the action of these operators are braids themselves , leading to their identification as gauge bosons . In this paper , this representation is made explicit , obtaining the raising operators associated with the Lie algebra of $ SU ( 5 ) $ , one of the earliest grand unified theories . +1 The Casimir interaction free energy is derived from the zero temperature Casimir interaction energy via the Matsubara formalism . In the high temperature region , the Casimir interaction is dominated by the term with zero Matsubara frequency , and it is known as the classical term since this term is independent of the Planck constant $ \hbar $ . +1 A microelectromagnet matrix consists of two arrays of lithographically patterned wires , one array perpendicular to the other , that are separated and covered by insulating layers . By adjusting the current in each wire , a matrix can create versatile magnetic field patterns on microscopic length scale . +0 Because the pulsation amplitudes are suppressed as the neutron stars become more massive , the probability of detection of pulsations decreases in systems that have been accreting for a long time . We investigate the dependence of pulse amplitudes of accreting millisecond pulsars on the masses of the neutron stars . +0 A phase space time and energy uncertainty relation is derived . In such an operational formalism a quantum mechanical time operator is constructed and analyzed . +0 We find that line-strength gradients are due , mainly , to variations of the total metallicity with the radius . Stellar population models have been used to derive ages , metallicities and alpha/Fe abundances along the radius . +1 In both cases , we find no indication for vacuum instability nor meta-stability induced by top-fluctuations if the cutoff is kept finite but arbitrary . A lower bound for the Higgs mass arises for the class of standard bare potentials of \phi^4 type from the requirement of a well-defined functional integral ( i.e. , stability of the bare potential ) . +1 We study this transition in detail and find universal qualitative features for the above class of theories which has holographic dual descriptions . We also obtain analytical results for mutual information in the specific regime of the parameter space . +0 Analytic results in a number of asymptotic regimes , including those of large and small mass , are complemented by numerical results in the interpolating regimes . A selection of stationary and freely-falling detector trajectories are examined , including the co-rotating trajectories , for which the response is shown to be thermal . +1 We present Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope ( GMRT ) HI 21cm emission images of the z=0.009 damped Lyman-alpha ( DLA ) absorber towards the QSO HS 1543+5921 . The DLA has been earlier identified as a low surface brightness galaxy SBS 1543+593 at an impact parameter of ~ 400 pc to the QSO line of sight . +1 It is extracted from a Nambu- Jona Lasinio model with two or three flavors . The parameter $ B $ is used in an effective quark-meson coupling model to study the nuclear phenomenology . +1 We present results from the first 2D and 3D simulations of the collapse of rotating stellar iron cores in general relativity employing a finite-temperature equation of state and an approximate treatment of deleptonization during collapse . We compare fully nonlinear and conformally flat spacetime evolution methods and find that the conformally flat treatment is sufficiently accurate for the core-collapse supernova problem . +0 It involves a series of design decisions that can have a considerable impact on the systems quality attributes , and on the overall success of the application . Software architecture is defined as the process of a well-structured solution that meets all of the technical and operational requirements , as well as improving the quality attributes of the system such as readability , Reliability , maintainability , and performance . +1 We use a spectrophotometric model of galaxy evolution which provides a self-consistent description of global properties of local galaxies . We have chosen two CSFR histories , with and without dust extinction , both normalized in order to reproduce the observed comoving luminosity densities at different wavelengths . +1 We test our inversion method at z=3 through the following steps : [ i ] simulation of a sample of synthetic spectra for which P_Delta is known ; [ ii ] computation of P_F ; [ iii ] inversion of the Ly-alpha forest through the F-Delta relation . Our technique , when applied to only 10 observed spectra characterized by a signal-to noise ratio S/N & gt ; = 100 provides an exquisite ( relative error epsilon_Delta & lt ; ~ 12 % in & gt ; ~ 50 % of the pixels ) reconstruction of the density field in & gt ; ~ 90 % of the line of sight . +0 The parameter $ B $ is used in an effective quark-meson coupling model to study the nuclear phenomenology . It is extracted from a Nambu- Jona Lasinio model with two or three flavors . +1 A significant lensing signal is detected around most of the clusters . The lensing mass correlates tightly with the cluster richness . +1 We find a class of analytic solutions in open bosonic string field theory , parametrized by the chiral copy of higher spin algebra in $ AdS_3 $ . The solutions are expressed in terms of the generating function for the products of Bell polynomials in derivatives of bosonic space-time coordinates $ X^m ( z ) $ of the open string , which form is determined in this work . +0 At $ d=1 $ our method yields the identical fixed point as in the one -- loop approximation , and the two -- loop contributions to the scaling functions are non -- singular . For dimensions less than $ d_c=2 $ we find a strong -- coupling fixed point , which diverges at $ d=2 $ , indicating that there is non -- perturbative strong -- coupling behavior for all $ d \geq 2 $ . +1 The findings as well as the normal state properties strongly suggest conventional BCS superconductivity , underlined by the BCS ratio 3.44 . Detailed analysis of the charge carrier dynamics of the silicon substrate is also discussed . +0 Both stellar components contribute to the ionization : the `` cool '' one provides the bulk of hydrogen ionization , and the `` hot '' one is responsible for the presence of the most highly charged ions , which explains why previous attempts to model the nebula experienced difficulties . The spectral energy distribution of the ionizing radiation is taken from appropriate model atmospheres . +0 We show that the result for inertial mass can be extended to passive gravitational mass . In previous work it has been shown that the electromagnetic quantum vacuum , or electromagnetic zero-point field , makes a contribution to the inertial reaction force on an accelerated object . +1 Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have revolutionized genomic research . 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using paired-end sequencing on the MiSeq platform from Illumina , Inc. , is being used to characterize the composition and dynamics of extremely complex/diverse microbial communities . +0 In both filters , only the galaxy 's central regions were detected . We have observed the Blue Compact Dwarf ( BCD ) galaxy He 2-10 in the 10 microns mid-infrared ( MIR ) atmospheric window using broad-band filters centered at lambda=10.1 microns and lambda=11.65 microns . +1 We compute the generating function of random planar quadrangulations with three marked vertices at prescribed pairwise distances . In the scaling limit of large quadrangulations , this discrete three-point function converges to a simple universal scaling function , which is the continuous three-point function of pure 2D quantum gravity . +1 We find that the tunneling current is multistable when the fluctuating potential with a finite correlation time is applied before the non-equilibrium steady state is built up . The non-equilibrium stationary current is heavily dependent on the history of the fluctuating potential during the transient period if the potential has a finite correlation time . +0 On the set curves of fixed length , they are the relative maxima of thickness ( normal injectivity radius ) functional , including the ideal knots . Relatively extremal knots are the relative minima of the ropelength functional in C^1 topology . +0 The transition from irregular dipole band in 144Gd to more regular ones in lighter Gd nuclei is observed . The experimental results are compared with predictions of tilted axis cranking calculations . +1 This paper explores the potential of Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter ( LETKF ) by comparing the performance of LETKF with an operational 3D-Var assimilation system , Physical-Space Statistical Analysis System ( PSAS ) , under a perfect model scenario . The comparison is carried out on the finite volume Global Circulation Model ( fvGCM ) with 72 grid points zonally , 46 grid points meridionally and 55 vertical levels . +0 If the Tits system has type $ \widetilde A_2 $ , exact computations are given , both for the crossed product algebra and for the reduced group $ C^* $ -algebra . A similar statement applies to the $ K_0 $ group of the boundary crossed product $ C^* $ -algebra $ C ( \Omega ) \rtimes\Gamma $ . +1 Dispersion sum rules are considered within the ladder approximation of a field-theoretic model with OPE given by ordinary loop diagrams which are computable for any number of loops . A correlator of two currents within the model complies with all requirements of standard QCD sum rules approach for fitting low-lying resonances such as fast convergence and good stability while the exact spectrum contains no resonance . +0 With our CHANDRA observations we show that the morphology and properties of the X-ray nebula are the result of shocks from fast clumps in the outer ejecta moving into a pre-existing denser circumstellar medium . As images from the EINSTEIN and ROSAT satellites have shown , the outer ejecta is also visible in soft X-rays , while the central source is present in the harder X-ray bands . +1 The most pronounced structure is found in the energy dependence of { \KV } of net-proton distributions from the $ 0\sim5 % $ most central collisions within $ 0.4 & lt ; p_ { T } & lt ; 2 $ GeV/c and at mid-rapidity $ |y| & lt ; 0.5 $ . At energies above 39 GeV , the values of { \KV } are close to unity and for energies below 39 GeV , it shows significant deviation below unity around 19.6 and 27 GeV , then a large increase above unity is observed at 7.7 GeV . +1 Context . Due to its great mass and its rapid formation , Jupiter has played a crucial role in shaping the Solar System . +1 This is reflected in the analysis of experimental results on tracer particles and the discussions which follow , as reported in recent experimental and numerical publications . To quantitatively validate this prediction , we have conducted a microfluidic experiment generating elastic turbulence , a flow characterised in the literature as smooth in space and random in time . +1 Using VLT/ISAAC , we detected 2 candidate counterparts to the bursting pulsar GRO J1744-28 , one bright and one faint , within the X-ray error circles of XMM-Newton and Chandra . In determining the spectral types of the counterparts we applied 3 different extinction corrections ; one for an all-sky value , one for a Galactic Bulge value and one for a local value . +1 In this paper , we present a detailed discussion of the integrators in the spin tracking code gpuSpinTrack . We have implemented orbital integrators based on drift-kick , bend-kick , and matrix-kick splits . +0 There are in fact many astronomical targets without suitable tip-tilt stars , but for which the enhanced resolution obtained with the Laser Guide Star Facility ( LGSF ) would still be very beneficial . While the laser can be pointed anywhere in the sky , one still needs to have a natural star , albeit fainter , reasonably close to correct the image motion ( tip-tilt ) to which laser guide stars are insensitive . +0 The flows observed are directly connected with the emerging magnetic flux ; they form at the beginning of the emergence of active regions and are present for a few hours . It has been found that extended regions of Doppler velocities with different signs are formed in the first hours of the magnetic flux emergence in the horizontal velocity field . +0 a given answer set . Justifications provide a graph-based explanation of the truth value of an atom w.r.t . +1 Second , it can account for the limited buffer memory of transmitters which store arriving packets as a queue and transmit them with a success rate that is determined by the transmit power and channel conditions . Remarkably , this metric is shown to have attractive properties such as quasi-concavity with respect to the transmit power and a unique maximum , allowing to derive an optimal power control scheme . +1 In LEBS , enhanced backscattering is observed under illumination with spatial coherence length L_sc less than the scattering mean free path l_s . In order to understand the mechanisms of photon propagation in LEBS in the subdiffusion regime , it is imperative to develop analytical and numerical models that describe the statistical properties of photon trajectories . +0 The proofs of these lower bounds follow a certain proof-by-contradiction strategy that we call alternation-trading . Among these problems are Satisfiability , Vertex Cover , Hamilton Path , Mod6-SAT , Majority-of-Majority-SAT , and Tautologies , to name a few . +0 More precisely , there exists a curve $ G_t : A\to A $ , $ t\in I $ of unital , *-preserving linear isomorphisms which intertwine the expectations , $ $ G_t\circ E_0=E_t\circ G_t . This condition implies the existence of the derivative operator $ $ dE_t ( a ) : H\to H , \ dE_t ( a ) v=\frac { d } { dt } E_t ( a ) v. $ $ If this operator verifies the additional boundedness condition , $ $ \int_J \|dE_t ( a ) \|_2^2 d t\le C_J\|a\|_2^2 , $ $ for any closed bounded sub-interval $ J\subset I $ , and $ C_J & gt ; 0 $ a constant depending only on $ J $ , then the algebras $ B_t $ are *-isomorphic . +1 It is capable to describe the Lagrangian diffusion and dispersion of temporally and spatially correlated clouds of particles . Although the model neglects intermittent corrections , we show that pair and tetrad dispersion results nicely compare with Direct Numerical Simulations of statistically isotropic and homogeneous $ 3D $ turbulence . +0 We first investigate the data by applying a phenomenological model that consists of the sum of an exponentially cutoff power law and relativistically smeared reflection . The 4-500keV energy range is used to constrain the underlying continuum and the reflection at higher energies . +1 Universal algebra and clone theory have proven to be a useful tool in the study of constraint satisfaction problems since the complexity , up to logspace reductions , is determined by the set of polymorphisms of the constraint language . For classifications where primitive positive definitions are unsuitable , such as size-preserving reductions , weaker closure operations may be necessary . +1 These photons and nucleons produced within our Supergalactic halo may easily propagate to earth and initiate super-GZK air showers . Here we show that the probability for each neutrino flavor at its resonant energy to annihilate within the halo of our Supergalactic cluster is likely within an order of magnitude of 1 % , with the exact value depending on unknown aspects of neutrino mixing and relic neutrino clustering . +1 For several companies , share prices are defined only by CPI readings in the past . Therefore , our empirical pricing model is a deterministic one . +1 Two regularization schemes in terms of light-cone variables are discussed : An extension of the 'invariant mass cut-off scheme ' , and a transverse momentum cut-off scheme . It is shown that the first one is equivalent to the covariant 3-momentum cut-off ( dispersion cut-off ) scheme in the equal-time formulation . +0 When N and K are odd , the qYM theory exhibits N & lt ; -- & gt ; K duality , provided q = e^ { 2 pi i/ ( N+K ) } and theta = 0 mod 2 pi / ( N+K ) . When q = e^ { 2 pi i/ ( N+K ) } , the observables of the 2d U ( N ) qYM theory can be expressed as a sum over a finite subset of U ( N ) representations . +0 The proposed packetization policy provides an optimal packetization interval that minimizes the end-to-end delay for a given channel with certain bit error probability . The derivations are provided for an uncoded system as well as a coded system with a given bit error rate . +0 We have derived BVI integrated photometry of these star clusters from the CCD images taken with CFH12k mosaic camera at CFHT . Combining these with previous data in the literature , we increase the number of M33 star clusters found in the HST images to 242 . +1 In the self-focusing case , for negative detunings the pattern arises naturally from a codimension two bifurcation . For a critical value of the field intensity there are two wave numbers that become unstable simultaneously , corresponding to two Turing-like instabilities . +0 We refer to this channel as { \em quantized broadcast channel ( QBC ) } . First , we study the achievable rate region of two-user GBC when the messages to be transmitted to both the users take values from finite signal sets and the received signal is quantized at both the users . +0 Recent work has used frequency and energy-dependent time lags as a tool for studying relativistic reverberation around the black holes in several Seyfert galaxies . In the X-ray band , they offer the potential of probing accretion physics down to the event horizon . +1 Over the past two decades , the liklihood of this has risen and fallen as more and more data has become available from laboratory experiments and the latest telescopes . Hot dark matter models were studied in the late 1970s and early 1980s , and there was considerable interest in cold plus hot dark matter models for a few years in the mid-1990s . +0 For mesoscopic systems the conduction process is dominated by diffusion but we show that , due to the lack of time-reversal symmetry , the boundary condition for diffusion is altered at the reflecting edges . Analytical results are obtained by perturbation theory in the limit $ \sigma_ { xx } \gg 1 $ . +0 The quantronium is a Bloch transistor with two small junctions in series , defining an island , in parallel with a larger junction . Here , we demonstrate similar Bloch oscillations in a slightly richer Josephson circuit , the quantronium . +0 The relationship of these invariants with the equivariant Lusternik-Schnirelmann category is given . This is a special case of the equivariant sectional category of an equivariant map , also defined in this paper . +0 Our direct introduction of spin enables us to compute contributions to the $ j $ th-level partial absorption cross section from orbital angular momenta $ \ell = j \pm 1/2 $ . For the case of brane-localized massive Dirac fermion we introduce the particle 's spin in the traditional Dirac form without invoking the Newman-Penrose method . +0 Between 7 and 37 GPa , the Pnma structure remains remarkably stable but shows a reduction of the Jahn-Teller distortion in a way that differs from the behavior observed in the archetypal orthorhombic Jahn-Teller distorted perovskite LaMnO3 . We show that BiMnO3 displays under pressure a rich sequence of five phases with a great variety of structures and properties , including a metallic phase above 53 GPa and , between 37 and 53 GPa , a strongly elongated monoclinic phase that allows ferroelectricity , which contradicts the traditional expectation that ferroelectricity vanishes under pressure . +0 In fact , it is shown that there are relations of arbitrarily high degree amongst crystal operators that are not implied by lower degree relations . On the other hand , it is shown that no finite set of moves exists , even in type A , for arbitrary crystal graph intervals . +1 The key feature of a SOM is that it retains the topology of the input set , revealing correlations between the attributes that are not easily identified . We test three different 2D topological mapping : rectangular , hexagonal , and spherical , by using data from the DEEP2 survey . +0 Included here are details of the SNO physics and detector model , evaluations of systematic uncertainties , and estimates of backgrounds . The Phase I data set is based on a 0.65 kt-year exposure of heavy water to the solar $ ^8 $ B neutrino flux . +0 The suggested design can switch loads , offers a variable sampling frequency , and provides measurement data such as active power , reactive and apparent power . The metering platform features a current transformer which allows a non-intrusive installation of the current measurement unit . +1 Time resolved I-band photometry has been obtained with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope , while a 3 ks Chandra observation provided contemporaneous X-ray coverage . We found an unabsorbed 0.5-10 keV X-ray flux of 1x10^-13 erg cm-2 s-1 which implies that the source was in quiescence at the time of the optical observations . +1 We study the lattice effects on the simple holographic toy model ; massive U ( 1 ) gauge theory for the bulk action . The mass term is for the U ( 1 ) gauge symmetry breaking in the bulk . +0 In the bulk of the paper , we describe in detail the technical approaches that we have adopted to attain the desired performance . Since the first of LCOGT 's 1m telescopes are now being deployed , we lay out here LCOGT 's scientific goals and the requirements that these goals place on network architecture and performance , we summarize the network 's present and projected level of development , and we describe our expected schedule for completing it . +1 On the other side , the 3+1 formulation of general relativity provides a powerful setting for studying the spacetime dynamics , in particular gravitational radiation from black hole systems . Here we revisit the kinematics and dynamics of null hypersurfaces by making use of some 3+1 slicing of spacetime . +1 A novel mechanism to realize the triplet-doublet splitting in supersymmetric SU ( 5 ) grand unified theories is proposed in the framework of higher dimensional theories where chiral multiplets are localized due to kink configuration of a SU ( 5 ) singlet . An adjoint Higgs field which spontaneously breaks the SU ( 5 ) gauge symmetry is assumed to be involved with the localization process , splitting the wave functions of the color-triplet Higgs from its doublet counterpart . +0 The SEDs are corrected for the Galactic extinction , for broad emission line contributions , constrained variability , and for host galaxy contribution . Here we present a SED catalog of 413 X-ray ( \xmm ) selected type 1 ( emission line FWHM $ & gt ; 2000 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ ) AGN with Magellan , SDSS or VLT spectrum . +0 The presented results are used to study the Peierls instability in a quantum spin chain . The exact consideration of thermodynamics is extended including a random Lorentzian transverse field . +1 In this paper we consider the problem of `theory patching ' , in which we are given a domain theory , some of whose components are indicated to be possibly flawed , and a set of labeled training examples for the domain concept . The theory patching problem is to revise only the indicated components of the theory , such that the resulting theory correctly classifies all the training examples . +0 However , although intuitive and anticipated by different phenomena , identified communities do not exactly correspond to software packages . We adopt class dependency networks , where nodes represent software classes and edges represent dependencies among them , and show that these networks reveal a significant community structure , characterized by similar properties as observed in other complex networks . +0 In non-integrable regimes we have found eigenvalue repulsion as for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble in random matrix theory . The eigenvalue spacing distribution and the spectral rigidity are analyzed . +0 We find that in the normal state spin-1/2 particle and hole excitations are gapped . A simple interlayer pair tunneling is solved exactly . +1 We investigate the size distributions of the longest neutral segments in random charge sequences , using analytical and Monte Carlo methods . We show that the length of the n-th longest neutral segment in a sequence of N monomers is proportional to N/ ( n^2 ) , while the mean number of neutral segments increases as sqrt ( N ) . +1 We study a two-orbital spin model to describe ( pi,0 ) stripe antiferromagnetism in the iron pnictides . The `` double-spin '' model has an on-site Hunds 's coupling and inter-site interactions extending to second neighbors ( inter- and intra-orbital ) on the square lattice . +1 We show a generic phase transition in the system : when hipsters are too slow in detecting the trends , they will keep making the same choices and therefore remain correlated as time goes by , while their trend evolves in time as a periodic function . This is true as long as the majority of the population is made of hipsters . +0 For flow dominated by capillary effects with capillary numbers in order of $ 10^ { -5 } $ , we find that around a critical saturation of non-wetting fluid the non-wetting clusters of size $ s $ have a power-law distribution $ n_s \sim s^ { -\tau } $ with the exponent $ \tau = 1.92 \pm 0.04 $ for large clusters . Initial transients of wetting and non-wetting phases that evolve before steady-state has occurred , undergo a cross-over where every initial patterns are broken up . +1 After subtraction of the central cD star light of the HST image we found that only one object lying underneath has the expected properties of the fifth image associated to the tangential arc . We improve the previous lens modelings of the central dark matter distribution of the cluster , using an isothermal model with a core ( IS ) and the NFW-like model with a cusp . +1 The magnetic field profile is generated by a 3D array of permanent spherical magnets , which are self-assembled into a stable structure . The simplicity and stability of the design make it quick to assemble and inexpensive . +0 Superconformal covariant expressions for two and three point functions of quasi-primary superfields of arbitrary spin are found and connected with the operator product expansion . The implications of N=1 superconformal symmetry for four dimensional quantum field theories are studied . +1 The CERN-SPS accelerator has been operated from May 10th to May 24th 2012 , with a tightly bunched-beam structure to allow the velocity of neutrinos to be accurately measured on an event-by-event basis . LVD has detected 48 neutrino events , associated to the beam , with a high absolute time accuracy . +1 The exact computation of the number of distinct elements ( frequency moment $ F_0 $ ) is a fundamental problem in the study of data streaming algorithms . We denote the length of the stream by $ n $ where each symbol is drawn from a universe of size $ m $ . +1 Matrix factorization from a small number of observed entries has recently garnered much attention as the key ingredient of successful recommendation systems . One unresolved problem in this area is how to adapt current methods to handle changing user preferences over time . +0 By creating deep stacked Halpha ( Ha ) images , we reach surface brightness limits of 1x10^-18\erg\s\cm^2\arcsec^2 , allowing us to map the distribution of ionized gas out to & gt ; 10kpc for typical L* galaxies at this epoch . Employing this capability over all five 3D-HST/CANDELS fields provides a sample of 2676 galaxies . +0 The pyramidal defects are absent when the erbium disilicide forms on amorphous substrates , which suggests that epitaxial strains play an important role in their formation . Since these defects form even upon annealing in vacuum of TiN-capped films their formation is not due to oxidation . +1 We give a method to derive the equations of tangent dynamics about circular orbits up to nonlinear terms and we derive the linearized equations explicitly . In particular we study the normal modes of the linearized dynamics that have an arbitrarily large imaginary eigenvalue . +1 From pulsating stars to transiting exoplanets , the search for periodic signals in K2 data , Kepler 's 2-wheeled extension , is relevant to a long list of scientific goals . Systematics affecting K2 light curves due to the decreased spacecraft pointing precision inhibit the easy extraction of periodic signals from the data . +1 These equations exhibit stochastic behavior when E_0 exceeds a threshold . The diffusion coefficient above the threshold is determined . +0 This is a simple idea but can be challenging for the user in practice which leads to infrequent usage . Hashtags provide users with a tagging mechanism to help organize , group , and create visibility for their posts . +1 Our results are : ( a ) We see three periods , where 14-C varied over 200 yr in a special way showing a certain pattern of strong secular variation : after a Grand Minimum with strongly increasing 14-C , there is a series of strong short-term drop ( s ) , rise ( s ) , and again drop ( s ) within 60 yr , ending up to 200 yr after the start of the Grand Minimum . These three periods include the strong rises around BC 671 , AD 775 , and AD 1795 . +0 Due to the lack of a common framework it often remains difficult to compare the various hybrid systems conceptually and to evaluate their performance comparatively . Most of these hybridization approaches , however , follow an ad hoc design methodology , justified by success in certain application domains . +0 In contrast , for the prolate deformation the magic numbers obtained from simple rational ratios of ( $ \omega_ { \perp } : \omega_ { z } $ ) of the harmonic-oscillator potential are hardly related to the particle numbers , at which large energy gaps appear in the Nilsson diagrams based on realistic Woods-Saxon potentials . Large energy gaps on the oblate side of the Nilsson diagrams are found to be related to the magic numbers for the oblate deformation of the harmonic-oscillator potential where the frequency ratios ( $ \omega_ { \perp } : \omega_ { z } $ ) are simple rational numbers . +0 Our results imply that the radio emission altitude for the Vela pulsar at this frequency is less than 340 km . We measure both a characteristic size of the emission region and the emission sizes for individual pulses . +1 We estimate the sensitivity of this search at the proposed International Linear Collider ( ILC ) , under a variety of run scenarios . We employ the effective operator formalism to provide a quasi-model-independent theoretical description of the signal , and present the reach of the ILC in terms of the scale \Lambda suppressing the dark matter-electron coupling operator . +0 The present results show that the compressibility of LiN $ _3 $ crystal is anisotropic and the crystallographic b-axis is more compressible when compared to a- and c-axis which is also consistent with the experiment . Our calculations reproduce well the trends in high pressure behavior of the structural parameters . +1 We propose a new model which explains the recent acceleration and the past deceleration . Furthermore , the new model also gives a decelerated universe in the future . +1 This paper has two themes that are intertwined : The first is the dynamics of certain piecewise affine maps on the Euclidean space that arise from a class of analog-to-digital conversion methods called Sigma-Delta quantization . The second is the analysis of reconstruction error associated to each such method . +0 We are able to quantify not only some global network properties such as assortativity , clustering coefficient , and degree and strength distributions , but also its subgraph structure and dynamics by using community detection techniques . By viewing the world input-output system as an interdependent network where the nodes are the individual industries in different economies and the edges are the monetary goods flows between industries , we study the network properties of the so-called world input-output network ( WION ) and document its evolution over time . +0 By analyzing the distribution of earthquake sizes using a multiscaling method , we find evidence that the model is critical , with no characteristic length scale other than the system size , in agreement with previous results . We make an extensive numerical study of a two dimensional nonconservative model proposed by Olami-Feder-Christensen to describe earthquake behavior . +0 Furthermore , a generalization of persistence diagrams is introduced by using Auslander-Reiten quivers . In particular , we prove that the commutative ladders of length less than 5 are representation-finite and explicitly show their Auslander-Reiten quivers . +1 With the estimated mass information and the augmented passivity-based controller , the aerial manipulator can fly with the unknown object . Simulation for an aerial manipulator is performed to compare estimation performance between the proposed control algorithm and conventional adaptive sliding mode controller . +0 In order to investigate the fixation properties of the subdivided population for stronger selection , we introduce an effective coarser description of the dynamics in terms of a voter model with intermediate states , which highlights the basic mechanisms driving the evolutionary process . In particular , it predicts a phase transition between species coexistence and biodiversity loss in the infinite-size limit and , in finite populations , a nonmonotonic dependence of the mean fixation time on the migration rate . +0 The main detection channels for supernova $ \nu_e $ in a liquid scintillator are its elastic scattering with electrons and its charged-current interaction with the $ ^ { 12 } $ C nucleus . We examine the prospects for detecting supernova $ \nu_e $ in JUNO , RENO-50 , LENA , or other approved or proposed large liquid scintillator detectors . +1 We perform molecular dynamics simulations to characterize the occurrence of inhomogeneous shear flows in soft jammed materials . We use rough walls to impose a simple shear flow and study the athermal motion of jammed assemblies of soft particles , both for purely repulsive interactions and in the presence of an additional short-range attraction of varying strength . +0 We show this is specially the case for the time evolution of a pulsar 's magnetic dipole direction ( $ \dot { \phi } $ ) and surface magnetic field ( $ \dot { B } _0 $ ) . Then we investigate the observables that could easily differentiate QVF from the classical magnetic dipole radiation for pulsars with braking indices ( n ) measured accurately . +0 Moreover , the EM algorithm can be implemented as a distributed algorithm , permitting the model to be applied to very large datasets . Efficient inference is feasible under this model with an EM algorithm . +1 We prove that if a family of metrics , $ g_i $ , on a compact Riemannian manifold , $ M^n $ , have a uniform lower Ricci curvature bound and converge to $ g_\infty $ smoothly away from a singular set , $ S $ , with Hausdorff measure , $ H^ { n-1 } ( S ) = 0 $ , and if there exists connected precompact exhaustion , $ W_j $ , of $ M^n \setminus S $ satisfying $ \diam_ { g_i } ( M^n ) \le D_0 $ , $ \vol_ { g_i } ( \partial W_j ) \le A_0 $ and $ \vol_ { g_i } ( M^n \setminus W_j ) \le V_j where \lim_ { j\to\infty } V_j=0 $ then the Gromov-Hausdorff limit exists and agrees with the metric completion of $ ( M^n \setminus S , g_\infty ) $ . Recall that in the prior work with Sormani the same conclusion is reached but the singular set is assumed to be a submanifold of codimension two . +1 We use the ITU-T E-Model as the quality model and simplify its delay impairment function . The proposed playout buffer algorithm finds the optimum playout delay using a closed-form solution that minimizes the sum of the simplified delay impairment factor and the loss-dependent equipment impairment factor of the E-model . +1 We show that in the realistic case when phase-space cuts are applied , the asymmetry depends also on the details of the production mechanism for the B mesons . In particular , it is sensitive to the difference in the fragmentation functions of B^0_d and B^0_s mesons . +0 Apart from the Yang-Mills solutions that constitute $ SU ( m ) $ -equivariant instanton configurations , we construct periodic sphaleron solutions on $ S^1\times G/H $ and dyon solutions on $ i\mathbb R\times G/H $ . We analyze the critical points of this potential and present an analytic as well as several numerical finite-action solutions . +1 We characterize the latter type completions as the ones for which the ideal of the 'hypersurface at infinity ' is radical . Moreover , we establish a one-to-one correspondence between the collection of minimal associated primes of the latter ideal and the unique minimal collection of semidegrees needed to define the corresponding degree like function . +0 Due to the inability of rechargeable energy sources to charge and discharge at the same time , a constraint we term the energy half-duplex constraint , two rechargeable energy storage devices ( ESDs ) are assumed so that at any given time , there is always one ESD being recharged . In this paper , the design of a wireless communication device relying exclusively on energy harvesting is considered . +1 No current model mimics all facets of a system as complex as an x-ray binary . However , a modern theory should qualitatively reproduce -- or at the very least not fundamentally disagree with - all of Cygnus X-1 's most basic average properties : energy spectrum ( viewed within a broader framework of black hole candidate spectral behavior ) , power spectrum ( PSD ) , and time delays and coherence between variability in different energy bands . +0 This term is proportional to $ \omega R^ { ( 3 ) } $ , where $ \omega $ is a constant parameter and $ R^ { ( 3 ) } $ is the spatial Ricci scalar . Afterwards a term in the action that softly violates the detailed balance condition has been considered with the attempt of obtaining a more realistic theory in its IR-limit . +0 In other words , we find a new fluctuation theorem for the entropy production of a partial system , in the limit of weak coupling . We analytically demonstrate on a realistic model system that this mechanism can be realized by applying an external random force to the system . +0 Using the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method in the three-dimensional grid-space representation , we determine the nuclear density distribution for a wide range of nuclei self-consistently without assuming any spatial symmetry . The high-energy nucleus-nucleus collision is described based on the Glauber model . +1 We describe the scaling relation between cluster mass and SZ signal with a 4-parameter fit . Marginalizing over the values of the parameters in this fit with conservative priors gives sigma_8 = 0.851 +/- 0.115 and w = -1.14 +/- 0.35 for a spatially-flat wCDM cosmological model with WMAP 7-year priors on cosmological parameters . +0 The model is illustrated by fitting it to empirical rainfall data on both daily and hourly time scales . We derive properties of this process and propose an extended model which generalises the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to the class of continuous-time ARMA ( CARMA ) processes . +0 We then determine whether or not such a model of 3d electrons moving on the Ti ( corner-sharing tetrahedral ) sublattice describes the observed metal-to-insulator transitions , with the critical concentration defined by the matching of the mobility edge and the chemical potential . We have studied the composition-induced metal-to-insulator transitions of cation substituted Lithium Titanate , in the forms Li1+xTi2-xO4 and LiAlyTi2-yO4 , utilising a quantum site percolation model , and we argue that such a model provides a very reliable representation of the noninteracting electrons in this material if strong correlations are ignored . +1 The definition is free from parameters and robust against the change in time scale on which we focus . In addition , we can efficiently compute these centrality values for all temporal vertices . +1 We analyze the correlation structure of bipartite arbitrary-dimensional Bell inequalities via novel conditions of correlations in terms of differences of joint probabilities called correlators . The conditions of correlations are shown to be necessary for the multi-level Bell state . +1 We obtain Br [ B- & gt ; chi_c1 ( direct ) X ] = ( 3.83+-0.31+-0.40 ) *10^-3 . No statistically significant signal for chi_c2 production is observed in either case . +0 This is a purely diffusive process which admits fractal non-equilibrium stationary states under flux boundary conditions . Assuming a cylindrical geometry with axis along the direction of the external field , the two-dimensional board becomes a model for one-dimensional mass transport along the direction of the external field . +0 Different representations appropriate for numerical calculations are derived for the matrix elements of interest . We apply a technique of the partial wave decompositions and carry out some angular integrations in closed form . +1 This paper shows that online Bayesian prediction is possible by a characterizing the Bayesian predictive update in terms of a bivariate copula , making it unnecessary to pass through the posterior to update the predictive . In standard models , the Bayesian predictive update corresponds to familiar choices of copula but , in nonparametric problems , the appropriate copula may not have a closed-form expression . +0 The case of network of n networks with both interdependent and interconnected links is more complicated , and also more closely to real-life coupled network systems . D Souza , arxiv:0907.0894 ) . +1 For this , techniques based on tensor methods are known , but these have only been studied in the exact case . In this paper , we generalize an existing method to the noisy case , by introducing a weight factor in the tensor decomposition . +1 The HST UV instruments ( STIS and ACS ) can greatly contribute to the success of the Juno mission by providing key complementary views of Jupiter 's UV aurora from Earth orbit . Juno carries an ultraviolet Spectrograph ( UVS ) and an infrared spectral mapper ( JIRAM ) that will obtain high-resolution spectral images providing the auroral counterpart to Juno 's in situ particles and fields measurements with the plasma JADE and JEDI particle detectors . +0 This is not accounted for in existing deterministic models . In small volumes , the kinetics of filamentous protein self-assembly is expected to show significant variability , arising from intrinsic molecular noise . +1 We attempt to accommodate the result by employing an effective theory for the electromagnetic field alone . No new particles with a mass of order the laser frequency or below are assumed . +0 The ionization charge is extracted from the liquid into the gas phase and there amplified by the use of a Large Electron Multiplier in order to reduce the detection threshold . Such a device allows to explore the low energy frontier in LAr with a charge imaging detector . +0 This paper adds to the mounting evidence that this is indeed the case . Recent results indicate that the generic descriptors extracted from the convolutional neural networks are very powerful . +1 $ G_ { 23 } $ does not mix vectors and spinors , but mismatch of the spinor and vector fields occurs . Hence , electro magnetic ( EM ) wave emitted from galaxies transformed by the five transformations would not be detected by EM detectors in our galaxy , and the source would be regarded as dark matter . +0 Results show that for $ ^ { 48 } $ Ca projectiles the quasi-fission is substantially reduced in comparison to the $ ^ { 40 } $ Ca case . Employing the time-dependent density functional theory approach we study quasi-fission in the systems $ ^ { 40,48 } $ Ca+ $ ^ { 238 } $ U . +1 The class of automata that we study in this article has none of these properties . Their cell structure is weaker , as it does not come with a multiplication , and they are far from being p-Fermat , even weakly . +0 The mass-loss rates were measured through modelling of the spectral energy distributions . Two of these turned out to be hot emission-line stars , of which one is a definite B [ e ] star . +1 We analyze the radial and vertical metallicity and [ alpha/Fe ] gradients of the disk stars of a disk galaxy simulated in a fully cosmological setting with the chemodynamical galaxy evolution code , GCD+ . We study how the radial abundance gradients vary as a function of height above the plane and find that the metallicity ( [ alpha/Fe ] ) gradient becomes more positive ( negative ) with increasing height , changing sign around 1.5 kpc above the plane . +1 To study the nature of the forces driving DNA ejection , we performed in vitro measurements of DNA ejection in bulk and at the single-phage level . We present measurements on the dynamics of ejection and on the self-repulsion force driving ejection . +1 The gas temperature in this region is approximately 540K , and the HI abundance in the interclump gas in the PDR is 5-10 % of the available hydrogen nuclei . Most of the gas in this region therefore remains molecular . +1 We derive a refined version of $ \Gamma $ that incorporates the finite lifetime of X-ray sources and the dynamical evolution of clusters . With it we find we are able to explain the few clusters that lie off the $ N_X $ -- $ \Gamma $ correlation , and resolve the discrepancy between observed GC core radii and the values predicted by theory . +0 RG flow affects the boundary interactions . A Lagrangian description is moreover the natural setting to study decoupling of high-energy physics . +0 This property has potential applications in communications to increase acceptance angle and energy delivery without using optical lenses and mechanical gimbals . This phenomenon is counterintuitive to the behavior described by conventional Snell 's law and resulted from the interplay between \epsilon-near-zero and material loss . +0 This paper presents a classical sequent calculus which is also free of contraction and weakening , but more symmetrically : both contraction and weakening are absorbed into conjunction , leaving the axiom rule intact . They can be absorbed ( in a right-sided formulation ) by replacing the axiom P , ( not P ) by Gamma , P , ( not P ) for any context Gamma , and replacing the original disjunction rule with Gamma , A , B implies Gamma , ( A or B ) . +1 In contrast to previous work , we show that observed spiral arm pitch angles are similar when measured in the optical ( at 0.4 um ) and the near-infrared ( at 2.1 um ) with a mean difference of 2.3+/-2.7 degrees . This is then used to strengthen the known correlation between P and S using B-band images . +1 We observe that the phase diagram of a dyonic black hole in constant electric potential and magnetic charge ensemble is similar to that of a Van der Waals fluid with chemical potential . Phase transitions and other critical phenomena have been studied in presence of magnetic charge and chemical potential . +0 We find that the two-quark condensate $ & lt ; \bar { q } q & gt ; $ is very large and makes the standard OPE convergence ( i.e.the perturbative at least larger than each condensate contribution ) happen at very large values of Borel parameters . To ensure the quality of QCD sum rule analysis , contributions of up to dimension nine are calculated to test the convergence of operator product expansion ( OPE ) . +0 Such a model is chosen , where the particle motion is described in the most adequate way . A class of homogeneous isotropic space-time models including pseudo-Euclidean space as a special case is considered . +1 As a general feature of the first-order phase transitions of matter consisting of many species of charged particles , there appears a mixed phases with geometrical structures called `` pasta '' due to the balance of the Coulomb repulsion and the surface tension between two phases . The equation of state ( EOS ) of mixed phase is different from the one obtained by a bulk application of the Gibbs conditions or by the Maxwell construction due to the effects of the non-uniform structure . +1 We present additional optical spectroscopic identifications of sources identified in three deep ASCA GIS fields which also form part of a deep ROSAT survey . In total , 26 ASCA sources have been detected down to a 2-10keV flux limit of S = 5e-14 erg/cm/s . +1 Furthermore , for any generating probability measure on G , B ( X ) admits a unique stationary measure , and when the measure has finite logarithmic moment , it constitutes a compact metric model of the Poisson boundary . We identify a dense G-delta subset of B ( X ) on which the action of G is Borel-amenable , and describe the relation of these two spaces to the Roller boundary . +1 Phase diagrams of disease spreading for empirical complex networks are introduced . A theoretical model of disease spreading on m-ary tree is investigated both analytically and in simulations . +0 Our simulations show a range of microstructures depending on the depth of quench . We study the nucleation dynamics of a model solid state transformation and the criterion for microstructure selection using a molecular dynamics ( MD ) simulation . +0 The model has an explicit field theory realization as strongly coupled N=2 Super Yang-Mills theory with fundamental matter at finite temperature and finite isospin chemical potential . We give a detailed account and extensions of a holographic flavor superconductivity model which we have proposed recently . +0 Several properties of modules generated by extremal vectors are proved . The proof of the conjecture on the cyclicity of tensor products by Akasaka and the present author is given . +0 As for other proposals of modifications of Quantum Mechanics in a non-unitary sense , aimed to account for both unitary evolution and irreversible collapse , like in the famous Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber and Pearle 's models , it turns out that , for the experimental parameters proposed , no effect is detectable at all . Aim of this work is to calculate explicitly the result of the experiment of superposition of a mirror in the Michelson photon cavities interferometric device proposed by Marshall , Simon , Penrose and Bownmeester , as expected within a recently proposed model of non-unitary self-gravity inducing localization . +1 In case the software can not calculate minimal surface integrals analytically , it offers the possibility to proceed with a numerical evaluation of the corresponding terms . We 'll understand how the area formula incorporates the structure of the domain wall approximation . +1 Quenched chiral perturbation theory leads to quantitative insight on the difference between quenched and unquenched QCD , and reveals clearly some of the diseases which are expected to plague quenched QCD . Uses jnl.tex and epsf.tex for figure 3 . +0 In particular , the purity of a heralded photon from a pair is considered , in the context of schemes that aim to maximise the purity and minimise correlation in the joint spectral amplitude using birefringent phase-matching and short pump pulses . We consider the effect of self-phase modulation and cross-phase modulation on the joint spectral amplitude of photon pairs generated by spontaneous four-wave mixing . +0 The critical defect size determined is 400 \pm 100 \mum in A356-T6 under multiaxial loading . Results are obtained with a load ratio of R = -1 for three different loadings : tension , torsion and combined tension-torsion . +1 The transition is accurately described by a simple kinetic model that takes into account the velocity fluctuations of the piston . Interestingly , the final state is not characterized by the equality of the temperatures of the subsystems but by the cooling rates being the same . +0 Here I revise the observational properties of the weakest polarization signals , which appear in the InterNetwork ( IN ) regions . When the polarimetric sensitivity and the angular resolution exceed a threshold , magnetic fields show up almost everywhere on the solar surface . +0 If this non-equilibrium Coulomb field has a spatial asymmetry , a relativistic electron may be deflected by its own Coulomb field . According to the E.L. Feinberg viewpoint on the possibility of a semi-bare electron state we may expect a state of electron with non-equilibrium Coulomb field during the time range of { \gamma^2 \lambda/c } , where { \gamma } is the Lorents-factor of electron , c is light velocity and { \lambda } is the wavelength corresponding to a frequency in Fourier expansion of the Coulomb field of relativistic electron . +1 Within the framework on non-extensive thermostatistics we revisit the recently advanced q-duality concept . We focus our attention here on a modified q-entropic measure of the spatial inhomogeneity for binary patterns . +0 We find that the stationary distribution is non-Poissonian and related to the Bessel function of the first kind . Here we include beneficial mutations and obtain exact expressions for the frequency distribution at all times using an eigenfunction expansion method . +0 We also explore the cost of this process : partitions are no longer exchangeable with respect to the ordering of variables . We explore an alternative prior for nonparametric Bayesian clustering -- the uniform process -- for applications where the `` rich-get-richer '' property is undesirable . +0 The symplectic groups Sp ( N ) also have the center Z ( 2 ) and provide another extension of SU ( 2 ) = Sp ( 1 ) to general N. Using lattice simulations , we find that the deconfinement phase transition of Sp ( 2 ) Yang-Mills theory is first order in 3+1 dimensions , while in 2+1 dimensions stronger fluctuations induce a second order transition . Some time ago , Svetitsky and Yaffe have argued that -- if the deconfinement phase transition of a ( d+1 ) -dimensional Yang-Mills theory with gauge group G is second order -- it should be in the universality class of a d-dimensional spin model symmetric under the center of G. For d=3 these arguments have been confirmed numerically only in the SU ( 2 ) case with center Z ( 2 ) , simply because all SU ( N ) Yang-Mills theories with N & gt ; =3 seem to have non-universal first order phase transitions . +0 Numerical examples show that the new algorithm is computationally attractive and that is consistent with previously reported results . In particular it can handle amplitude constraints on the input . +0 The latter are created by constructive interference of Landau-Zener-St\ '' { u } ckelberg-Majorana ( LZSM ) transitions during the driving period of the qubit . The experimental data are explained by the interaction of the probe signal with Rabi-like oscillations . +0 It means that the R\'enyi-2 entanglement entropy , which relates to the Schmidt number , is found to be almost equivalent to the von Neumann entanglement entropy for the full delocalized cluster system but it is less sensitive to the partially delocalized cluster system than the von Neumann entanglement entropy . We show that the Schmidt number is an almost equivalent measures to the von Neumann entanglement entropy when the delocalization of clusters occurs in the entire system but it shows different behaviors in a partially delocalized state containing localized clusters and delocalized ones . +0 Furthermore , our results indicate a much higher mobility for $ p $ -doped WS $ _2 $ in comparison to MoS $ _2 $ . We find that $ M $ and/or S defects create mid-gap states that localize charge carriers around the defects and which modify the optical and transport properties of the material , in agreement with recent experiments . +0 We also prove that the Macdonald scalar product coincides with the abstract Kashiwara form . We show that the Macdonald polynomials are invariant with respect to the bar involution defined abstractly on the representations of quantum groups . +0 The theory calibrates $ \tilde { T } $ , yields excellent agreement with the data , and predicts the onset of superfluidity at the observed transition point . The energy and the spatial profile of the gas are computed using a theory of the crossover from Fermi to Bose superfluids at finite temperature . +1 We establish two-sided estimates for the transition densities of such processes in $ C^ { 1 , \eta } $ open sets when $ \eta \in ( \alpha/2 , 1 ] $ . In particular , our result includes ( relativistic ) symmetric stable processes and finite-range stable processes in $ C^ { 1 , \eta } $ open sets when $ \eta \in ( \alpha/2 , 1 ] $ . +0 Our algorithm for the unweighted case computes a matching whose size is at least $ ( 1-\eps ) $ times the optimal in $ \Delta^ { O ( 1/\eps ) } + O\left ( \frac { 1 } { \eps^2 } \right ) \cdot\log^* ( n ) $ rounds where $ n $ is the number of vertices in the graph and $ \Delta $ is the maximum degree . We present deterministic distributed algorithms for computing approximate maximum cardinality matchings and approximate maximum weight matchings . +0 This immiscibility may lead to the formation of microcrystalline aggregates of BQ molecules in the mixed LB films . The pi-A isotherms and molefraction versus area per molecule studies indicate complete immiscibility of sample ( BQ ) and matrix ( PMMA or SA ) molecules . +0 For each 5-dimensional scenario considered , the requirement that observers be confined to the embedded spacetime places restrictions on the 4-geometry . Special attention is given to the motion of test observers in 5 dimensions , and the circumstances under which they are confined to Sigma_0 . +1 This is the first attempt to construct detailed X-ray spectra of clusters of galaxies from the results of high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations and simulate X-ray observations in order to study velocity fields of the intracluster medium ( ICM ) . The hydrodynamic simulations are based on the recently proposed tsunami model , in which cluster cores are affected by bulk motions of the ICM and turbulence is produced . +0 The dihedral group D_n is shown to be generated by a RGSPP and a LGSPP ( this is observed to be true in S_3 ) but the geometric interpretations of a RGSPP and a LGSPP are found not to be rotation and reflection respectively . The idea of left ( right ) palindromic permutations ( LPPs , RPPs ) and left ( right ) generalized Smarandache palindromic permutations ( LGSPPs , RGSPPs ) are introduced in symmetric groups S_n of degree n. It is shown that in S_n , there exist a LPP and a RPP and they are unique ( this fact is demonstrated using S_2 and S_3 ) . +0 Finally we discuss the link between Chern-Simons invariants , the eta invariant , and the central value of the Selberg zeta function . We prove that the Cotton tensor is the obstruction to local conformal flatness in dimension $ 3 $ . +1 In other words , it is a confirmation that the so-called fine-tuning problem in the Standard Model is just an artefact of the regularization scheme and should not lead to any physical interpretation in terms of the energy scale at which new physics should show up , nor to the appearance of a new symmetry . We analyse the characteristic physical scales relevant for the description of these radiative corrections . +1 It is found that in the context of the symmetries of the system , the electrostatic repulsion between the two is considerably increased as compared to the electrostatic repulsion between two bare charges in a dielectric . This increase in repulsion , directly resulting from interactions between the symmetrical parts of the system , was found to be dependent on the magnitude of the charges and the separation between them . +1 Based on their classical analogues , one would expect them to provide a powerful quantum tool . However , the difficulty of solving a nonlinear operator partial differential equation such as the quantum Hamilton-Jacobi equation ( QHJE ) has hindered progress along this otherwise promising avenue . +1 We discuss heavy quark contributions to the neutrino-nucleon total cross section at very high energies , well above the real top production threshold . The top-bottom weak current is found to generate strong left-right asymmetry of neutrino-nucleon interactions . +0 We improve the previous lens modelings of the central dark matter distribution of the cluster , using an isothermal model with a core ( IS ) and the NFW-like model with a cusp . After subtraction of the central cD star light of the HST image we found that only one object lying underneath has the expected properties of the fifth image associated to the tangential arc . +1 In this paper , we turn our attention to the full subcategory of weak higher dimensional transition systems which are unions of cubes . It is proved that there exists a left proper combinatorial model structure such that two objects are weakly equivalent if and only if they have the same cubes after simplification of the labelling . +0 In this paper , we consider the problem of multilinear modeling of sparse count data . Tensors have found application in a variety of fields , ranging from chemometrics to signal processing and beyond . +0 We propose two alternatives , one that counts first and then point , and another that works the other way around . Different from the traditional detection problem , the goal is to discover key salient points as a way to localize and count the number of objects simultaneously . +0 We use a sample of 58 star forming galaxies ( SFGs ) in the Spitzer-SDSS-GALEX Spectroscopic Survey ( SSGSS ) at z & lt ; 0.2 , for which there is a rich suite of multi-wavelength photometry and spectroscopy from the ultraviolet through to the infrared . We present continuous , monochromatic star formation rate ( SFR ) indicators over the mid-infrared wavelength range of 6-70 micron . +1 The time evolution of various multi-layer shell systems -- -comprised by large number of shells thereby mimicking the behavior of a thick shell making it possible to study the formation of acoustic singularities -- -is analyzed numerically and compared in certain cases to the corresponding Newtonian time evolution . The analytic setup is chosen such that the developed code is capable of following the evolution even inside the black hole region . +0 Our second conclusion is that even when the inter-strand attraction alone is too weak for creating a naturated state at the given temperature , and also the surface-strand attraction alone is too weak for creating an adsorbed state , the combined effect of the two attractions can lead to a naturated and adsorbed state . Instead , there is a smooth crossover to a weakly naturated state . +0 We show that such models represent viable alternatives to describe the large-scale structure of the inflationary universe , leading to a kinematically equivalent Sachs-Wolfe effect . One interesting possibility is presented by shear-free models in which the anisotropy emerges at the level of the curvature of the homogeneous spatial sections , whereas the expansion is dictated by a single scale factor . +1 The present paper deals with the quantum coordinates of an event in space-time , individuated by a quantum object . It is known that these observables can not be described by self-adjoint operators or by the corresponding spectral projection-valued measure . +1 An example of such a resonance is the Kaluza -- Klein graviton , G [ KK ] , predicted in Randall -- Sundrum models . The analysis is based on a 4.9 inverse femtobarn sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV , collected with the CMS detector at the LHC . +0 Based on the first-principles calculations , we predict a novel family of QSH insulators in monolayer tantalum carbide halide TaCX ( X = Cl , Br , and I ) with unique rectangular lattice and large direct energy gaps larger than 0.2 eV , accurately , 0.23 $ - $ 0.36 eV . However , known QSH materials ( e.g.HgTe/CdTe and InAs/GaSb quantum wells ) exhibit very small energy gap and only work at low temperature , hindering their applications for room temperature devices . +0 The computed currents are within the range of the few available experimental observations on scanning tunneling microscope ( STM ) currents in water , indicating that our calculation may have taken into account all the important physical attributes of such systems . Finally , all-to-all transmission probability calculations are performed in order to get an order-of-magnitude estimate of the current-voltage characteristics of this junction model . +0 Since , electron vortex beams interact with particles mostly through interference effects due to azimuthal symmetries , i.e.in the plane perpendicular to the electron beam , anisotropy information ( longitudinal and transversal ) of the sample can be derived in EELS studies by comparing non-vortex and vortex beam measurements . In favorable cases , specific plasmon modes can even attain enhancement factor of several orders of magnitude . +1 Since the critical temperature in the long-range Ising model is proportional to the number of spins , a ferromagnetic order can be formed at a temperature of tens of millikelvin for a sample with $ \sim10^4 $ nitrogen-vacancy centers . This method may provide a new platform for studying many-body physics using qubit systems . +0 The analysis is based on a 4.9 inverse femtobarn sample of proton-proton collisions at a center-of-mass energy of 7 TeV , collected with the CMS detector at the LHC . An example of such a resonance is the Kaluza -- Klein graviton , G [ KK ] , predicted in Randall -- Sundrum models . +1 Finally , unate cascade functions have been studied in the design of logic circuits and binary decision diagrams . This paper shows that the class of nested canalyzing functions is equal to that of unate cascade functions . +0 Relative to Be in the Li-normal stars at [ Fe/H ] = $ - $ 2.7 , G 182-26 is down in Be by more than 0.8 dex . This star is also ultra-Be deficient . +0 For time-reversible equations , such as the Hamilton or the Schr\ '' odinger equation , it is immaterial whether or not the decomposition coefficients are positive . Accurate solutions can be systematically derived by decomposing the exponential in a product form . +1 We first define listing popularity through search clicks , favoriting and purchase activity . Next , we infer listing quality from the pixel-level information of listed images as quality features . +1 In order to fully exploit the computational power of the GPU , we choose a method of solution which combines a finite difference discretization of the free-streaming term with a Monte Carlo evaluation of the collision integral . The efficiency of the code is demonstrated by solving the two-dimensional driven cavity flow . +0 For a given pair of source and lens , there is a thin on-axis tubelike volume behind the lens in which the radiation flux from the source is greatly increased due to gravitational lensing . Every astrophysical object ( dark or not ) is a gravitational lens , as well as a receiver/observer of the light from sources lensed by other objects in its neighborhood . +1 Aiming at providing a comparative study of the spread of an epidemics whose dynamics is given by the modulus of a branching Brownian motion ( BBM ) we then consider spatial branching processes in dimension d , not necessarily integer . The underlying branching mechanism is then either a binary branching model or one presenting infinite variance . +0 We also compare with a conventional first price auction , which gives higher performance . Comparing two quantum protocols in the context of first-price sealed bid auctions , we find the one predicted to be superior by game theory also performs better experimentally . +0 We have performed experiments with single-file motion of bicycles and compare the results with previous studies for car and pedestrian motion in similar setups . The relation between flow and density is an essential quantitative characteristic to describe the efficiency of traffic systems . +0 It turns out that this product is multiplicity free for the symplectic and general unitary groups , but not for the general linear groups . We compute the irreducible constitutents of the product of the Weil character and the Steinberg character in those finite classical groups for which a Weil character is defined , namely the symplectic , unitary and general linear groups . +0 Furthermore , the new model also gives a decelerated universe in the future . We propose a new model which explains the recent acceleration and the past deceleration . +0 Results suggest that establishing determinism from unambiguous UPO detection is often possible in short data sets with significant noise , but derived dynamical properties are rarely accurate and adequate for controlling the dynamics around these UPOs . Geometry of the return map , frequency of UPOs visiting the same trajectory , length of the data set , strength of the noise and degree of nonstationarity affect the efficacy of the proposed method . +0 Such material might be expected to be present theoretically , but is usually claimed to make a negligible contribution at optical and infrared wavelengths . We consider current observational constraints on the presence of cool , optically thick disk material in quiescent black hole binaries , specifically focusing on a case study of the prototypical system A0620-00 . +1 Spectral partitioning is a simple , nearly-linear time , algorithm to find sparse cuts , and the Cheeger inequalities provide a worst-case guarantee for the quality of the approximation found by the algorithm . Local graph partitioning algorithms [ ST08 , ACL06 , AP09 ] run in time that is nearly linear in the size of the output set , and their approximation guarantee is worse than the guarantee provided by the Cheeger inequalities by a polylogarithmic $ \log^ { \Omega ( 1 ) } n $ factor . +0 New techniques of preprocessing the flux time series are applied to eliminate false positive triples and to enhance the ETV curves . Via detailed analysis of the ETV curves using high-level analytic approximations , we are able to extract system masses and information about the three-dimensional characteristics of the triple for 62 systems which exhibit both LTTE and dynamical delays ; for the remaining 160 systems we give improved LTTE solutions . +0 Nevertheless they raise still unsolved problems , as the objectification problem in the quantum theory of measurement . Moreover these features are usually considered as basic in quantum information processing . +0 Results are compared to Pythia 8 and Herwig++ as well as to the AMBT2B , DW and Perugia 2011 tunes of Pythia 6 . A complex structure in pseudorapidity and azimuth is observed at both collision energies . +0 As a consequence we confirm that the so-called s-Cepheids are overtone pulsators and represent about 30 $ \ % $ of our sample , whereas the Classical Cepheids are fundamental pulsators . The very high quality of the photometry and the good phase coverage enable us to obtain accurate Fourier decomposition of the ligh curves . +0 Various equilibrium characteristics of two systems are defined and investigated . The two-component potential of the many-electron system of interest is constructed of a scalar external potential and a collinear magnetic field ( coupled only with the spin operator ) . +1 The aim of this paper is to analyse the previously discovered discontinuity of the periodicity of the GeV $ \gamma $ -ray emission of the radio-loud X-ray binary LS I +61 { \deg } 303 and to determine its physical origin.Methods . We used wavelet analysis to explore the temporal development of periodic signals . +0 Improvements in sensitivity from inclusion of additional data , spectral analysis , and improved calibration are expected in the future . +/- 0.005 ( syst . ) . +1 In the first one , response variables depend on multiple linear combinations of covariates . In the second one , only response variables are observed while the linear covariates are missing . +0 The global symmetries of the model include SL ( 4 ) transformations and translations . A model of random triangulations of a domain in $ R^ { ( 4 ) } $ is presented . +1 We have performed a search for variable stars in the dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822 using wide-field multi-epoch VI photometry down to a limiting magnitude $ V $ $ \sim $ 22 . Apart from the Cepheid variables in this galaxy already reported in an earlier paper by Pietrzynski et al . +0 As a result we show that the quantum representations are reducible in the SU ( N ) case , N & gt ; 2 , for all levels k\in \mathbb { N } . We also extend the number of examples where we can show reducibility significantly by establishing the existence of algebras with the required properties using methods developed by Fuchs , Runkel and Schweigert . +0 Methods : Data from the DRAO Synthesis Telescope , the Effelsberg 100-m Telescope , and the DRAO 26-m Telescope have been combined . Aims : This paper describes an extensive survey of polarized Galactic emission at 1.4 GHz that provides data with arcminute resolution and complete coverage of all structures from the broadest angular scales to the resolution limit , giving information on the magneto-ionic medium over a wide range of interstellar environments . +0 It is invariant under the global symmetry group G_ ( 3 ) of the sigma-model . We write the general form of the two functions S_m defining the first-order equations for the fields . +1 Quasiparticle energies are calculated within the $ GW $ approximation for the self-energy . Optical properties are evaluated either by solving the Bethe -- Salpeter equation or by using the adiabatic local density approximation . +0 An illustration providing evidence for the existence of a strange scalar resonance of mass around 900 MeV is given . We first review the work of the Syracuse group , which uses an effective chiral Lagrangian approach , on meson-meson scattering . +1 We consider the nearest-neighbor simple random walk on $ \Z^d $ , $ d\ge2 $ , driven by a field of bounded random conductances $ \omega_ { xy } \in [ 0,1 ] $ . The conductance law is i.i.d . +0 The branching fraction of $ B^-\to p\bar p\ell^-\bar\nu_\ell $ is measured to be $ ( 5.8^ { +2.4 } _ { -2.1 } \textrm { ( stat . A neural-network based hadronic $ B $ -meson tagging method is used in this study . +1 Motivated by these findings , we employ a recently developed schematic mode-coupling theory [ Brader \textit { et al . } ( 2009 ) ] to investigate the three dimensional flow of a colloidal glass , subject to a combination of simple shear and uniaxial compression . +1 The pulsar is only ~1.5 '' behind the leading edge of the shock . Optical spectroscopy shows that the nebula is non-radiative , dominated by Balmer emission . +1 The calculated energies are then substituted by experimental energies , where available , to improve the accuracy of the line lists . The { \it ab initio } DMC is used without refinement to generate Einstein A coefficients . +1 However , this bound needs to be reinterpreted at microscopic scales , where molecular bio-motors and some artificial micro-engines operate . As described by stochastic thermodynamics , energy transfers in microscopic systems are random and thermal fluctuations induce transient decreases of entropy , allowing for possible violations of the Carnot limit . +1 Nevertheless , a disordered solid is evidently different in that pinning barriers of particles are due to neighbors that are also subject to motion . Microscopic yielding leads to destruction of the local microstructure and local heating . +0 The model , which is the same as that in Baugh et al . We use the combined GALFORM semi-analytical galaxy formation model and GRASIL spectrophotometric code to compute galaxy SEDs including the reprocessing of radiation by dust . +1 $ r\cdot p $ ) and degree $ d $ ( resp . $ d+r ( p-1 ) ( g-1 ) $ ) on $ X $ ( resp. $ X^ { ( 1 ) } $ ) . +1 Spontaneous explosive is an abrupt transition to collective behavior taking place in heterogeneous networks when the frequencies of the nodes are positively correlated to the node degree . This explosive transition was conjectured to be discontinuous . +0 Evidence for accretion of gas in conjunction with narrow bi-polar jets and Herbig-Haro objects is apparently consistent with classification of BP Psc as a pre-main sequence star , as postulated in most previous studies . Surrounded by a compact dusty , gaseous disk , this little-studied late-G ( or early-K ) type star emits about 75 % of its detected energy flux at infrared wavelengths . +0 We study the modification of the quark self-energy in the presence of matter and find that our model reproduces the behavior of the quark condensate predicted by the model-independent relation $ & lt ; \bar qq & gt ; _ { \rho } = & lt ; \bar qq & gt ; _0 ( 1-\sigma_N\rho_N/f_ { \pi } ^2m_ { \pi } ^2 + ... ) $ , where $ \sigma_N $ is the pion-nucleon sigma term and $ \rho_N $ is the density of nuclear matter . In the present work we carry out related calculations in Minkowski space , so that we can study the effects of the significant vector and axial-vector interactions that appear in extended NJL models and which play an important role in the study of the $ \rho $ , $ \omega $ and $ a_1 $ mesons . +1 Complete descriptions of the Lie symmetries of a class of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations with gradient-dependent diffusivity in one and two space dimensions are obtained . A surprisingly rich set of Lie symmetry algebras depending on the form of diffusivity and source ( sink ) in the equations is derived . +1 The formation of plasmon/heavy-hole exciton/light-hole exciton mixed states is demonstrated with reflectometry experiments . The interaction energies amount to 21 meV for the plasmon/light-hole exciton and 22 meV for the plasmon/heavy-hole exciton . +0 It is analyzed for generic k and small gauge coupling in the high temperature phase of { \cal N } =1 , 2 and 4 SUSY theory up and including cubic order . It is a closed loop of Dirac Z ( N ) flux and has strength k=1 , 2 , .. , N-1 . +0 The Faraday rotation from anisotropic cosmic birefringence can be compared with the equivalent quantity generated by primordial magnetic fields if they existed . We find that the anisotropic cosmic birefringence signal from any parity-violating processes is consistent with zero . +1 The datasets are PSCz , ORS , Mark III and SFI . The LAP method is applied on the surveys simultaneously , resulting in an overconstrained dynamical system that describes the cosmic overdensities and velocity flows . +1 Some of them , like the carbonaceous CM meteorites experienced aqueous alteration thus their olivine content transformed more or less into hydrated silicates such as phyllosilicates . These hydrated CM2 meteorites have been investigated in KBr pellets by means of Fourier transform infrared ( FT-IR ) spectroscopy . +1 For each channel , we take into account of the interaction between the external particle and every possible charmed baryon in the triplet , sextet , and excited sextet . We use dimensional regularization and modified minimal subtraction to get rid of the divergences in the loop-diagram corrections . +1 Project management education programmes are often proposed in higher education to give students competences in project planning ( Gantt 's chart ) , project organizing , human and technical resource management , quality control and also social competences ( collaboration , communication ) , emotional ones ( empathy , consideration of the other , humour , ethics ) , and organizational ones ( leadership , political vision , and so on ) . This training is often given according a training-by-project type of learning with case studies . +0 Our proof is based on an explicit description of the Hopf algebra structure of the coend of the center of C. Moreover we show that the dimension of C is invertible in K if and only if any object of the center of C is a retract of a `free ' half-braiding . ( In this generalized setting , modularity is understood as 2-modularity in the sense of Lyubashenko . ) +1 secure multi-party computation is widely studied area in computer science . It is touching all most every aspect of human life . +1 The results of two fermionic models are compared . In the first one , the diagonal $ S^z $ operator has four states , where two eigenvalues vanish ( 4S model ) , which are suppressed by a restriction in the two states 2S model . +1 Earthquake dynamics is the study of the interactions of plates ( solid disjoint parts of the lithosphere ) which produce seismic activity . Over the last about fifty years many models have come up which try to simulate seismic activity by mimicking plate plate interactions . +0 In three of them , var2 , var83 , varB , large-scale nebulae were found with sizes from 15 pc and larger . We observed LBVs varA , varB , varC , var2 and var83 . +1 After several generations of interferometers in radioastronomy , wide-field imaging at high angular resolution is today a major goal for trying to match optical wide-field performances . All the radio-interferometric , wide-field imaging methods currently belong to the mosaicking family . +1 Whether the origin of the non-Fermi-liquid behavior is related to physics specific to the cuprates is a fundamental question still under debate . We uncover a new transformation from the non-Fermi- to a standard Fermi-liquid state driven not by doping but by magnetic field in the overdoped high-T_c superconductor Tl_2Ba_2CuO_ { 6+x } . +0 Relying on the analytical forms , we discuss in detail the economic effects . The discounting bias takes into account the fact that investment is paid upfront for future use ; the precautionary bias multiplies a type of risk aversion index by the local volatility . +1 This paper deals with the detection problem of extragalactic point-sources in multi-frequency , microwave sky maps that will be obtainable in future cosmic microwave background radiation ( CMB ) experiments with instruments capable of very high spatial resolution . With spatial resolutions that can be of order of 0.1-1.0 arcsec or better , the extragalactic point-sources will appear isolated . +1 It consists in a stochastic flow that acts over a solution of a differential equation and produces another solution of the same equation . In the ordinary case , we give necessary conditions in order to obtain such symmetries . +0 This is in strong contrast with the superconductivity appearing when holes are introduced by alkali metal substitution on the insulating blocking layers . In Fe pnictide ( Pn ) superconducting materials , neither Mn- nor Cr- doping to the Fe site induces superconductivity , even though hole carriers are generated . +1 Decision makers prefer those alternatives closer to them . This model , also known as multidimensional unfolding , has applications in economics , psychometrics , marketing , and many other fields . +1 The present work presents solutions for plan generation when robustness of probability assessments must be included : plans contain information about the robustness of certain actions . The surprising result is that some problems can be solved faster in the Quasi-Bayesian framework than within usual Bayesian theory . +1 Normalized projectiles lightest fragments ( proton ) are strongly correlated with compound particles , shower particles and heavy ionizing charge particles . The multiplicity distribution of the projectiles lightest fragments ( proton ) emitted in the 84Kr36 + emulsion interaction at around 1 A GeV with different target has well explained by KNO scaling . +1 We use the combined GALFORM semi-analytical galaxy formation model and GRASIL spectrophotometric code to compute galaxy SEDs including the reprocessing of radiation by dust . The model , which is the same as that in Baugh et al . +1 We find that for large particle number and increasing well separation , the condensation temperature evolves from the thermodynamic limit value T_c^ { ( 0 ) } ( N ) to T_c^ { ( 0 ) } ( N/2 ) . The effects of adding a repulsive interaction between atoms has been examined resorting to the Gross-Pitaevskii-Popov procedure and it is found that the shift of the condensation temperature exhibits different signs according to the separation between wells . +1 For a rotating dust with a 3-dimensional symmetry group all possible metric forms can be classified and , within each class , explicitly written out . This is made possible by the formalism of Pleba\'nski based on the Darboux theorem . +1 To measure the transverse emittance of the H- beam , a method based on photo-detachment is proposed . This system will operate using a pulsed laser with light delivered via an optical fibre and subsequently focused through a thin slice of the H- beam . +0 Furthermore , the main destabilizing mechanism at long distances is due to generation of radiative sidebands , where the sidebands for a given channel form at the frequencies of solitons in the neighboring channels . Numerical simulations with the coupled-NLS model with $ 2 \le N \le 4 $ show stable oscillatory dynamics of soliton amplitudes at short-to-intermediate distances , in agreement with predictions of the predator-prey model . +0 In this paper we give a vanishing conjecture of such homology of a different nature with respect to the known results : namely , we conjecture that if the graph of double points of the arrangement is connected then there is no nontrivial monodromy . Let $ \A $ be an affine line arrangement in $ \C^2 , $ with complement $ \M ( \A ) . $ The twisted ( co ) homology of $ \M ( \A ) $ is an interesting object which has been considered by many authors , strictly related to the ( co ) homology of the Milnor fibre associated to the conified arrangement . +1 With these moment conditions , we obtain the exact self-normalized tail probabilities for $ x $ up to $ x=o ( n^ { 1/4 } ) $ . Consequently under some conditions for the third moment , the self-normalized moderate deviation probabilities in ( 2 ) hold uniformly in a $ x $ range which is related to the moments with order between 3 and 4 . +0 Combined with the hard vertex and annihilation contributions , they are used to compute the branching ratios for these decays in the next-to-leading order ( NLO ) in the strong coupling $ \alpha_s $ and in leading power in $ \Lambda_ { \rm QCD } /M_B $ . We calculate the so-called hard spectator corrections in $ { \cal O } ( \alpha_s ) $ in the leading-twist approximation to the decay widths for $ B \to K^ { * } \gamma $ and $ B \to \rho \gamma $ decays and their charge conjugates , using the Large Energy Effective Theory ( LEET ) techniques . +1 Based on this fundamental property for example the holonomy-flux *-algebra has been formulated . A generalisation of the one-to-one correspondence between infinitesimal objects : connections and curvature and path based objects : holonomy maps and parallel transports is used to replace the configuration space of the theory . +1 The second one is to introduce and study a Langevin type equation and the corresponding Ornstein-Uhlenbecktype process whose limiting distribution is semi-selfdecomposable . Also , semi-stationary Ornstein-Uhlenbeck type processes with semi-selfdecomposable distributions are constructed . +0 Additional features of the proposed algorithm include low computational cost and parallel implementability . More specifically , for any frame $ E $ of $ m $ vectors in $ \mathbb { R } ^k $ except possibly from a subset of Gaussian measure exponentially small in $ m $ and for any number $ L \geq 2 $ of quantization levels per measurement to be used to encode the unit ball in $ \mathbb { R } ^k $ , there is an algorithmic quantization scheme and a dual frame together which guarantee a reconstruction error of at most $ \sqrt { k } L^ { - ( 1-\eta ) m/k } $ , where $ \eta $ can be arbitrarily small for sufficiently large problems . +1 The `isolato ' hypothesis states that one of a pair of spin- $ { 1 } / { 2 } $ particles can be in `isolato ' mode in which the spin- $ { 1 } / { 2 } $ particle shuts itself from any external interactions , and hence it can never be detected . As a result of this , data rejection is made ; Bell 's inequality is violated , although the model is genuinely local . +0 Our energy levels are assessed to be accurate to better than 1\ % for a majority of levels , and A-values to better than 20\ % for most transitions . Einstein A-coefficients are provided for all E1 , E2 , M1 and M2 transitions , while lifetimes are compared with available measurements as well as theoretical results , and no large discrepancies noted . +1 We define a family of Schr\ '' { o } dinger diffusion distances analogous to the ones associated to the heat kernels , and show that they are continuous under perturbations of the data . As an application , we introduce a method for retrieval of textured shapes through comparison of Schr\ '' { o } dinger diffusion distance histograms with the earth 's mover distance , and present some numerical experiments showing superior performance compared to an analogous method that ignores the texture . +0 These effects resemble those due to $ k $ -body forces between quarks in Hartree-Fock models of baryons at large $ N $ . We compute their spectra using Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization and use the AdS/CFT correspondence to relate them to anomalous dimensions in the dual field theory at strong coupling , expressed as a series expansion in powers of 1/N . +0 Scalar , vector and tensor modes of the geometry are classified according to four-dimensional Lorentz transformations . The system determining the gauge-invariant fluctuations of the metric induced by the scalar fluctuations of the brane is reduced to a set of Schr\ '' odinger-like equations for the Bardeen potentials and for the canonical normal modes of the scalar-tensor action . +0 We propose a new , compact and Lorentz covariant formula for the tree-level NMHV amplitudes for arbitrary numbers and types of external particles . Rewritten in this form , all tree-level MHV and next-to-MHV amplitudes exhibit manifest dual superconformal symmetry . +1 The characteristics of the Kr-83m source are analyzed and shown to be appropriate for a low background liquid xenon detector . Introduction of Kr-83m allows for quick , periodic calibration of low background noble liquid detectors at low energy . +0 The depth of VIDEO allows us to study very low accretion rates and/or lower-mass black holes , and 26 per cent of the candidate quasar sample has been spectroscopically confirmed . To investigate , we use a combination of optical and near-infrared photometry to select a sample of 74 quasars from the VISTA Deep Extragalactic Observations ( VIDEO ) Survey , over 1 deg $ ^2 $ . +1 Non-compact solution to the supergravity-type I equations of motion with non-zero flux and non-constant dilaton is found in dimensions 6 . Non-conformally flat non-compact solutions to the supergravity-type I equations of motion with non-zero flux and non-constant dilaton are found in dimensions 7 and 8 . +1 In this article we present recent theoretical and computational observations that challenge this point of view , in particular for high-dimensional sparsity-promoting Bayesian inversion . Using Bregman distances , we present new , proper convex Bayes cost functions for which the MAP estimator is the Bayes estimator . +1 We assume that the anomalous X-ray emission is caused by the decay of a toroidal or tangled up field that does not partake in the spin down of the star . We find that we can explain the observed properties , such as the period and field distributions and the Period - Period derivative diagram , if we suitably parametrise the time evolution of the anomalous X-ray luminosity as an exponentially decaying function of time . +0 It has started with categoricity and number of non-isomorphic models . It tries to find dividing lines , prove their consequences , prove `` structure theorems , positive theorems '' on those in the `` low side '' ( in particular stable and superstable theories ) , and prove `` non-structure , complexity theorems '' on the `` high side '' . +0 By assuming that the embedded OB stars drive out most of the gas after a given time delay , the change of the surface brightness of expanding star clusters is studied . Direct N-body calculations are presented of the early evolution of exposed clusters to quantify the influence of gas expulsion on the time-varying surface brightness . +1 Remote information concentration ( RIC ) in $ d $ -level systems ( qudits ) is studied . It is shown that the quantum information initially distributed in three spatially separated qudits can be remotely and deterministically concentrated to a single qudit via an entangled channel without performing any global operations . +1 By analyzing B - & gt ; X_u l nu_l spectra with a model based on soft-gluon resummation and an analytic time-like QCD coupling , we obtain |V_ub| = ( 3.76 +-0.13 +- 0.22 ) *10^ ( -3 ) , where the first and the second error refers to experimental and theoretical errors , respectively . The V_ub value is obtained from the available measured semileptonic branching fractions in limited regions of the phase-space . +0 The Born series of the harmonic forced oscillation case are derived by directly applying the approximation to the LTI system or by transforming the LTI system to Helmholtz equation prior to doing the approximation . Conditions corresponding to the approximation are given for the case of harmonic driving force . +0 The film surfaces interact with the monomers via short range potentials . We study the phase behavior of a symmetric binary polymer blend which is confined into a thin film . +1 Microstructura lly clean , isov alently P-doped BaFe2As2 ( Ba-122 ) single crystalline thin films have been prepared on MgO ( 001 ) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy . These films show a superconducting transition temperature ( Tc ) of over 30 K although P content is around 0.22 , which is lower than the optimal one for single crystals ( i.e. , 0.33 ) . +0 It is well-known that the algebra $ \mathbb R [ V ] ^G $ of $ G $ -invariant polynomials on $ V $ is finitely generated , say by $ \sigma_1 , ... , \sigma_p $ . Let $ V $ be a real finite dimensional representation of a compact Lie group $ G $ . +0 While there are some programming model to express parallelism , thread programming model has become a standard to support these system such as OpenMP , and POSIX threads . The current trend of multicore architectures on shared memory systems underscores the need of parallelism . +0 This soliton can be interpreted as a certain intersection of three M-5-branes . In addition , we present a 1/4 supersymmetric worldvolume 3-brane soliton on the M-5-brane in the M-5-brane background as an extended solution of the 3-brane solitons of the M-5-brane by Howe , Lambert and West . +1 An analysis of these quantities has so far been confined to the PhD thesis of Stefan Glasauer ( 1995 ) . We rederive the results from this thesis with novel streamlined proofs and expand them in several ways . +0 We also include existence and relaxation results for variational problems in $ \BD ( \Omega ) $ , as well as a complete discussion of some differential inclusions for the symmetrized gradient in two dimensions . This strategy allows us to establish the lower semicontinuity result without an Alberti-type theorem in $ \BD ( \Omega ) $ , which is not available at present . +0 It has been conjectured that in the continuum the model is described by the superconformal minimal model with central charge c=3/2 . We study a model of spinless fermions with infinite nearest-neighbor repulsion on the square ladder which has microscopic supersymmetry . +0 Stellar surface structures are likely to produce fluctuations in the integrated flux and radial velocity of the star , as well as a variation of the observed photocentre , i.e.astrometric jitter , and closure phase . We investigate the astrometric effects of stellar surface structures as a practical limitation to ultra-high-precision astrometry , e.g.in the context of exoplanet searches , and to quantify the expected effects in different regions of the HR-diagram . +1 A numerical discretization is proposed for which the convergence towards duality solutions of the aggregation equation is proved . It relies on a careful choice of the discretized macroscopic velocity $ v $ in order to give a sense to the product $ v \rho $ . +1 The Schwarzschild metric and Kerr Metric of Einstein field equation shows that the spatial differential of time gauge is the gravity field . For pure time displacement field , when its spatial differentials are commutative , conservative fields can be established . +0 The cluster galaxy population exhibits a pronounced transition toward bluer colors at cluster-centric distances of 1-2 core radii , consistent with an age difference of 1-2 Gyr for a single burst solar metallicity model . We find a well-evolved , intermediate luminosity cluster with Lx= ( 6.4+-1.3 ) x10^43 erg/s ( 0.5-2.0 keV ) and strong central 1.4 GHz radio emission . +1 Such geometries can be modelled by moving nonholonomic frames on ( pseudo ) Riemannian manifolds and describe various types of nonholonomic Einstein , Eisenhart-Moffat and Finsler-Lagrange spaces with connections compatible to a general nonsymmetric metric structure . Elaborating a metrization procedure for arbitrary distinguished connections , we define the class of distinguished linear connections which are compatible with the nonlinear connection and general nonsymmetric metric structures . +0 We show that the three-point function of the supercurrent in N=4 superconformal field theories contains two linearly independent forms . We study implications of N=4 superconformal symmetry in three dimensions , thus extending our earlier results in arXiv:1503.04961 devoted to the N=1,2,3 cases . +1 In particular , we prove that the right tail of this distribution is Gaussian : for $ t & gt ; 0 $ , \ [ P [ \lambda_ { max } & lt ; t ] =1-\frac { 1 } { 4 } \mbox { erfc } ( t ) +O\left ( e^ { -2t^2 } \right ) . \ ] This is a rigorous confirmation of the corresponding result of Forrester and Nagao . +1 The Higgs VEVs break conformal symmetry in the strong sector at the TeV scale , and the strong sector in turn gives important contributions to the Higgs potential , giving rise to a kind of Higgs bootstrap . A Higgs with mass $ 125\GeV $ can be accommodated without any fine tuning . +0 We measure the subclusters ' gas temperatures ( ~ 2-3 keV ) , total ( ~ 1-2 x 10^14 solar masses ) and gas ( ~ 1-2 x 10^13 solar masses ) masses , gas mass fraction within r500 , entropy profiles , and X-ray luminosities ( ~ 10^43 erg/s ) . We show that G345 is , in fact , two subclusters separated on the sky by 400 kpc . +0 We use two independent methods ( recursive Green 's function and self-consistent Born approximation ) to extract the scattering mean free path , the scattering mean free time , the density of states and the localization length as a function of the disorder strength . We consider a tight-binding model on the regular honeycomb lattice with uncorrelated on-site disorder . +0 Numerical simulations of the TWPA design have shown that with tuning , phase matching can be achieved and an exponential gain as a function of the transmission line length can be realized . This feature of the transmission line can be used to perform phase matching in a degenerate four-wave mixing process which can be utilized for parametric amplification of a weak signal in the presence of a strong pump . +0 Excluding galaxies with AGNs , V shows a dependency with the SFR of the type V \propto SFR^0.15 ( in rather good agreement with previous results ) . After subtracting the stellar contribution , we find that the pure-ISM integrated spectra generally show blueshifted NaD profiles , indicating neutral gas outflow velocities V in the range 65-260 km/s . +1 First , we demonstrate how it is possible to identify part of the optimal solution|i.e. , a provably optimal solution for a subset of nodes| without knowing a complete solution . Second , we show that for submodular functions , a WTA fixed point always yields a globally optimal solution . +1 We describe a new method for summarizing similarities and differences in a pair of related documents using a graph representation for text . Concepts denoted by words , phrases , and proper names in the document are represented positionally as nodes in the graph along with edges corresponding to semantic relations between items . +0 It consists of rotated by 90\Box $ ^b $ relative to each other `` paper-chain '' columns made of vertex-sharing CuIO4 and CuIIO4 planar units . The Ba3Cu3In4O12 stands for unique topology of the magnetic subsystem . +1 High-resolution X-ray spectra of O-type stars revealed less wind absorption than expected from smooth winds with conventional mass-loss rates . Various solutions have been proposed , including porous winds , optically thick clumps or an overall reduction of the mass-loss rates . +1 Supergroups are defined in the framework of $ \dZ_2 $ -graded Clifford algebras over the fields of real and complex numbers , respectively . It is shown that cyclic structures of complex and real supergroups are defined by Brauer-Wall groups related with the modulo 2 and modulo 8 periodicities of the complex and real Clifford algebras . +1 We propose a fast method for the problem that combines two ideas : a novel algorithm of proved small time complexity for computing spliced alignments of a transcript against a genome , and an efficient algorithm that exploits the inherent redundancy of information in a cluster of transcripts to select , among all possible factorizations of EST sequences , those allowing to infer splice site junctions that are highly confirmed by the input data . The EST alignment procedure is based on the construction of maximal embeddings that are sequences obtained from paths of a graph structure , called Embedding Graph , whose vertices are the maximal pairings of a genomic sequence T and an EST P. The procedure runs in time linear in the size of P , T and of the output . +0 To tackle this problem , extensive efforts have been devoted to design efficient signal quantization/compression techniques in the fronthaul to maximize the network throughput . The performance of cloud radio access network ( C-RAN ) is constrained by the limited fronthaul link capacity under future heavy data traffic . +1 The errors of the derived orbital parameters are determined with a Monte Carlo method . Based on the derived orbital parameters , we find that Sh 2-216 , DeHt 5 , NGC 7293 , A21 , and Ton 320 belong to the thin-disk population , and PG 1034+001 and A31 belong to the thick-disk population . +0 The star was formerly misidentified as a RR Lyrae variable . We detect the second known lambda Bootis star ( HD 54272 ) which exhibits gamma Doradus-type pulsations . +1 The combinatorics is based on the finite pigeon hole principle and results in a descent lemma . From the descent lemma one can prove Dickson 's lemma , then guess what the bound might be , and verify it by an appropriate proof . +1 We used the wave diameter and leading edge methods and measured the CME heights for a set of 32 metric type II bursts from solar cycle 24 . We minimized the projection effects by making the measurements from a view that is roughly orthogonal to the direction of the ejection . +1 For example , they dominate the optical depth at short wavelengths and their surfaces are the sites of many important chemical reactions such as the formation of water . Based on their aerodynamical properties ( i.e. , their strong dynamical coupling with the surrounding gas ) it is often assumed that these small grains are well-mixed with the gas . +1 Applying a time dependent variational principle , the time evolution of the parameters of the coupled Gaussian wave packets can be calculated from a set of ordinary differential equations . Unfortunately , the set of equations is ill-behaved in most practical applications , depending on the number of propagated Gaussian wave packets , and methods for regularization are needed . +1 The data sample used in this search was collected by the CMS detector and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 18.9 inverse femtobarns of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 8 TeV produced by the LHC . The search features novel background suppression and prediction methods , including a dedicated top quark pair reconstruction algorithm . +1 It was recently noted that there are apparent differences in properties of radio-quiet and radio-loud subsets . In particular , average observed radio-loud pulsar is younger than radio-quiet one and is located at smaller galactic latitude . +0 We perform amplitude analyses to determine the resonant structure of the K+ pi+ pi- final state in B+ - & gt ; J/psi K+ pi+ pi- and B+ - & gt ; psi-prime K+ pi+ pi- and find that the K_1 ( 1270 ) is a prominent component of both decay modes . Using 535 x 10^6 B-meson pairs collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e+ e- collider , we measure branching fractions of ( 7.16 +/- 0.10 ( stat ) +/- 0.60 ( syst ) ) x 10^-4 for B+ - & gt ; J/psi K+ pi+ pi- and ( 4.31 +/- 0.20 ( stat ) +/- 0.50 ( syst ) ) x 10^-4 for B+ - & gt ; psi-prime K+ pi+ pi- . +0 An intriguing tertiary signal has been discovered in the short period eclipsing binary KIC002856960 . We present an early result from an automated search of Kepler eclipsing binary systems for circumbinary companions . +0 A suitable model for analysis is the high-dimensional model in which both $ n $ and $ m $ increase to infinity , and $ n=o ( m ) $ . The goal of this work is to find an appropriate criterion to analyze statistical tests in this setting . +0 We also demonstrate that classical optical fluctuations can be attenuated by 26 dB or amplified by 20 dB with a weak input pump power of & lt ; 40 pW , and characterize the optomechanical amplifier 's frequency-dependent gain and phase response in both the amplitude and phase-modulation quadratures . We show that the optomechanical response both amplifies and ponderomotively squeezes the quantum light field . +0 Lattice defects arising from vacancies , impurities , or dopants in these materials are important in that they provide the charge carriers in TE applications and compromise the performance of these materials as TIs . Bismuth chalcogenides Bi $ _2 $ Se $ _3 $ and Bi $ _2 $ Te $ _3 $ are semiconductors , which can be both thermoelectric materials ( TE ) and topological insulators ( TI ) . +0 One such requirement is deadline , where the transmission task needs to be completed before the application-specific time . Many data applications in the next generation cellular networks , such as content precaching and video progressive downloading , require flow-level quality of service ( QoS ) guarantees . +0 These non-linear equations lead to the existence of quantized particles , of light , and of gravity . To familiarize ourselves with the implications of the new paradigm equations are developed for a world of time and only one spatial dimension . +1 This permits the usage of simple agglomerative clustering on the surviving hypotheses for accurate model selection . The outcome is a highly efficient multi-structure robust estimation technique . +1 Guided by these results we develop a framework of backward algorithms for constructing such a martingale . In turn this martingale may then be utilized for computing an upper bound of the Bermudan product . +0 Our images show that N103B has strong IR emission from warm dust in the post-shock environment . We report results from Spitzer observations of SNR 0509-68.7 , also known as N103B , a young Type Ia supernova remnant in the Large Magellanic Cloud that shows interaction with a dense medium in its western hemisphere . +1 The proof is based on a representation of surfaces in 4-space by marked graphs , links with double intersections in 3-space . We construct a finitely presented semigroup whose central elements uniquely encode all isotopy classes of 2-dimensional links . +1 Written in terms of the step slope , the PDE can be represented in the form similar to a convective Cahn-Hilliard equation . We performed the linear stability analysis and computed the nonlinear dynamics . +1 A new type of quasi-two-dimensional complex plasma system was observed which consisted of monodisperse microspheres and their binary agglomerations ( dimers ) . The particles and their dimers levitated in a plasma sheath at slightly different heights and formed two distinct sublayers . +1 We present results from a low resolution ( R~300 ) near-infrared spectroscopic variability survey of actively accreting T Tauri stars ( TTS ) in the Taurus-Auriga star forming region . Paschen and Brackett series H I recombination lines were detected in 73 spectra of 15 classical T Tauri systems . +0 Under realistic experimental conditions we show that our algorithm significantly reduces systematic errors compared to standard tracking methods . Here we propose a template based particle finding algorithm that circumvents these problems by tracking only a fraction of the particle image that is insignificantly affected by nearby colloids . +0 Among other things , our result implies that the variant of the unique games conjecture where we allow the provers to share entanglement is false . Essentially the only algorithm known previously was for the special case of binary answers , as follows from the work of Tsirelson in 1980 . +1 A generic prediction of this mechanism is the existence of Kaluza-Klein excitations for gauge bosons and higgses . In particular the first excitation of the photon could be accessible to future accelerators and give a clear signal of the proposed mechanism . +1 The radiation from the former is the Hawking 's original one . Though the the latter has been often regarded as the same phenomena as the former , the result here suggests it is not ; its radiation has a temperature twice as high as the Hawking temperature . +1 We present photometric light curves for a sample of 21 ultra cool M and L dwarfs in the field and in the young open clusters sigma Orionis and the Pleiades . Evidence for variability with RMS amplitudes ( in the I band ) of 0.01 to 0.055 magnitudes on timescales of 0.4 to 100 hours is discovered in half of these objects . +1 The methods that we investigate include Taylor and asymptotic series computations , Gauss-Jacobi quadrature , numerical solution of differential equations , recurrence relations , and others . We discuss the results of numerical experiments used to determine the best methods , in practice , for each parameter and variable regime considered . +0 Previous observations have shown that the near infrared emission has a fan-like morphology that is consistent with emission from the northern lobe of a bipolar radio jet known to be associated with this source . The young massive stellar object G35.20-0.74 was observed in the mid-infrared using T-ReCS on Gemini South . +1 This paper presents preliminary work examining how programming with a local orientation can be employed to provide simpler access to accelerator architectures . A locally-oriented programming model is especially useful for the solution of algorithms requiring the application of a stencil or convolution kernel . +0 However , in the subset of Cardassian models we consider , we discover that the age of the universe varies from 13.4 - 13.8 Gyr over the range of parameter space we explore , a result close to that of the standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter model . Since this model changes the evolution of the universe , we should not a priori expect the Cardassian age to be the same as the WMAP Friedmann derived result of 13.7 +/- 0.2 Gyrs . +1 By targeting redshifts which bring the lines of interest into gaps between the strong OH sky emission , we have been successful in detecting Balmer and [ O III ] emission lines in all five galaxies observed so far with CGS4 on UKIRT . For a Salpeter IMF and a H_0 = 70 km/s/Mpc , q_0 = 0.1 cosmology , the Hbeta luminosities uncorrected for dust extinction imply star formation rates of 20 - 270 solar masses per year . +0 In molecular dynamics simulations of glasses one observes that both low frequency resonant vibrations and atomic jumps are centered on more than 10 atoms which , in densely packed materials , form chainlike structures . This has been deduced from experimental low temperature data in the tunneling regime as well as from the vanishing isotope effect in diffusion in glasses and undercooled liquids . +1 The cubic selenide phase is insulating and its resistivity crosses over from $ \ln { \rho } \sim T^ { -1 } $ to $ \sim T^ { -1/2 } $ on cooling below 150 K , indicating variable range hopping ( VRH ) conduction at low temperatures . This is similar to that previously reported for V $ _4 $ and Mo $ _4 $ cluster compounds . +0 Here , we complement this analysis and study temperature-coupling strength dependence of the density ( particle-hole ) and single-particle ( SP ) excitation spectra both in superfluid and normal phases . The Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in 2D dipolar systems has been studied recently by path integral Monte Carlo ( PIMC ) simulations [ A. Filinov et al. , PRL 105 , 070401 ( 2010 ) ] . +1 We show that there exists a subspace of $ B ( H ) $ which is isometric to $ \ell_2 $ and completely isometric to its antidual in the sense of the theory of operator spaces recently developed by Blecher-Paulsen and Effros-Ruan . Moreover this space is unique up to a complete isometry . +1 Hot ( T & gt ; 45K ) SEDs and cold ( T & lt ; 25K ) , cirrus-dominated SEDs are rare , with most sources being within the range occupied by warm starbursts such as M82 and cool spirals such as M51 . We observe a luminosity-temperature ( L-T ) relation , where the average dust temperature of log [ L_IR/L_sun ] =12.5 galaxies is about 10K higher than that of their log [ L_IR/L_sun ] =10.5 counterparts . +1 The angular power spectrum of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich ( SZ ) effect is calculated in the $ \Lambda $ CDM cosmological model with the aim of investigating its detailed dependence on the cluster population , gas morphology , and gas evolution . We calculate the power spectrum for three different mass functions , compute it within the framework of isothermal and polytropic gas distributions , and explore the effect of gas evolution on the magnitude and shape of the power spectrum . +1 We also obtain functional calculi results for restrictions to certain subspaces , for a larger range of $ p $ . This provides a framework for obtaining $ L^p $ results on perturbed Hodge Laplacians , generalising known Riesz transform bounds for an elliptic operator $ L $ with bounded measurable coefficients , one Sobolev exponent below the Hodge exponent , and $ L^p $ bounds on the square-root of $ L $ by the gradient , two Sobolev exponents below the Hodge exponent . +1 In this approach , an orthoalgebra is considered as a general structure for propositions in a physical theory . We proved that an orthoalgebra admits cloning operation if and only if it is a Boolean algebra . +1 A single-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of neutral pions relative to the lepton scattering plane has been measured for the first time in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons off longitudinally polarized protons . The analysing power in the sin ( phi ) moment of the cross section is 0.019 +/- 0.007 ( stat . ) +1 Afterwards a term in the action that softly violates the detailed balance condition has been considered with the attempt of obtaining a more realistic theory in its IR-limit . This term is proportional to $ \omega R^ { ( 3 ) } $ , where $ \omega $ is a constant parameter and $ R^ { ( 3 ) } $ is the spatial Ricci scalar . +1 We introduce the notion of numerical ( strong ) peak function and investigate the denseness of the norm and numerical peak functions on complex Banach spaces . Let $ A_b ( B_X : X ) $ be the Banach space of all bounded continuous functions $ f $ on the unit ball $ B_X $ of a Banach space $ X $ and their restrictions $ f|_ { B_X^\circ } $ to the open unit ball are holomorphic . +0 Finally computer simulation results are provided to facilitate the performance evaluation of MIMO-NOMA and also demonstrate the accuracy of the developed analytical results . More sophisticated choices of power allocation coefficients are also proposed to meet various quality of service requirements . +1 The effect has been calculated theoretically by Jia et al.in 2011 . It is found to require large temperature gradients in the order of Kelvins across an ultra thin MgO barrier . +1 The muons will be produced by the decay of pions from a target dipping into the ISIS proton beam at Rutherford Appleton Laboratory ( RAL ) . The channel includes liquid-hydrogen absorbers providing transverse and longitudinal momentum loss and high-gradient radiofrequency ( RF ) cavities for longitudinal reacceleration , all packed into a solenoidal magnetic channel . +1 Following the coupling between meteorological and wave models , we derive that on the whole this should imply stronger wind and higher waves in the most energetic part of the spectrum . This is supported by numerical experiments . +1 The FCC-ee aims at definitive electro-weak precision measurements of the Z , W , H and top particles , and search for rare phenomena . Although FCC-ee is based on known technology , the goal performance in luminosity and energy calibration make it quite challenging . +1 Together with CS 5-4 , C34S 3-2 , and bolometer data obtained with the IRAM 30m telescope , we analyse the excitation conditions and the structural properties of the cloud . On the one hand , the new CS 2-1 observations reveal significant substructure on a scale of about 7 '' , i.e. , the beam size , corresponding to about 1050 AU at an adopted distance of 150pc . +0 For all examined problems where particles have different masses , the new formulation yields better results than standard SPH . We test our formulation with a simple advection problem , with sound waves encountering a density discontinuity , and with shock tubes containing a contact discontinuity between air and Diesel oil . +0 Global conformal invariance leads to very strong constraints on both the general form and the singularity structure of the correlation functions of conserved currents . We report some recent progress in the computation of the n-point correlation functions of conserved currents in a class of four dimensional conformal field theories with higher spin symmetry . +1 These models have topological sectors labeled by group products along topologically non-trivial loops . Measurement of relative sector probabilities and the distribution of distance between defect pairs are done to characterize the types of order ( topological or quasi-LRO ) exhibited by these models . +0 Even though the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope will be able to resolve few star-forming galaxies individually , their fractional contribution to the CGB should become far more significant than it was for past measurements of the CGB as many of the brighter , formerly unresolved sources will be resolved out . Star-forming galaxies are predicted to contribute considerably to the cosmic gamma-ray background ( CGB ) as they are confirmed gamma-ray emitters and are the most numerous population of gamma-ray sources , although individually faint . +0 We discuss the most promising spectral and spatial signatures to look for , give an update on the current state of gamma-ray searches for DM and an outlook concerning future prospects . In this review , we focus on gamma rays which we argue to play a pronounced role among the various possible messengers . +0 For this purpose we generalize the concept of helicity supertraces to nine spacetime dimensions . We study BPS dominated loop amplitudes in M-theory on T^2 . +0 Bidirectional normalized least mean-square and conjugate gradient algorithms are devised along with adaptive mixing parameters that adjust to the time-varying channel correlation properties . The time correlation between successive channel gains is exploited to improve the estimation and tracking capabilities of adaptive algorithms and provide robustness against time-varying channels . +1 Our results cover Challenge 1.2.1 , where the coalescence of the binary is seen , and Challenge 1.2.2 , where the coalescence occurs after the simulated observational period . The data stream is composed of Gaussian instrumental noise plus an unknown BBH waveform . +0 The alternative of introducing extra dynamical variables , called hidden variables , in addition to the wavefunction of the system so as to be able to retain at least some of the desirable features of classical physics , is then explored . The crucial role is played in this by the Bohr 's insistence on the wavefunction providing the most complete description possible for an even individual system . +0 Due to screening , the resulting dynamics is determined by coupled non-linear Landau-Zener models . By tuning the field through zero at a finite rate in neutral BLG , excited states are produced . +0 We find that for the light quark jet production the diffractive process is related to the differential off-diagonal gluon distribution function in the proton . We use the helicity amplitude method to calculate the cross section formula . +0 His motivation was the desire for an accurate one-parameter profile form with a simple Fourier transform ( in contrast to the Fourier transform of the Sersic profile which ca n't be written in closed form ) , but we have found that the Spergel profile almost universally makes integrals easier when it replaces the Sersic profile in the integrand . In 2010 Spergel introduced an alternative to the traditional Sersic form for galactic luminosity profiles based on modified Bessel functions of the second kind . +1 We probe the redshift and luminosity evolution of intrinsic alignments in Horizon-AGN between $ z=0 $ and $ z=3 $ for galaxies with an $ r $ -band absolute magnitude of $ M_r\leq-20 $ . Alignments transition from being radial at low redshifts and high luminosities , dominated by the contribution of ellipticals , to being tangential at high redshift and low luminosities , where discs dominate the signal . +0 We show that the length of the n-th longest neutral segment in a sequence of N monomers is proportional to N/ ( n^2 ) , while the mean number of neutral segments increases as sqrt ( N ) . We investigate the size distributions of the longest neutral segments in random charge sequences , using analytical and Monte Carlo methods . +1 With this procedure we are able to generate maps of proper motion velocities along and across the outflow axis , as well as ( angularly integrated ) proper motion velocity distributions . From the four available epochs , we find the time evolution of the velocities , intensities and spatial distribution of the line emission . +1 The method is the complex Langevin equation , which has been used previously to study complex Hamiltonians in statistical physics and in Minkowski space . We compute the equal-time one-point and two-point Green 's functions in zero and one dimension , where comparisons to known results can be made . +0 Surprisingly , very similar dependence has been discovered for the first-order transition below the SkL phase , i.e.where the system enters the helical and conical state ( s ) , indicating similar processes across the order-disorder transition . At the SkL-to-paramagnet transition a narrow first-order peak is found that exhibits a strong frequency and magnetic field dependence . +0 After an introduction to the model , the Higgs sector and the neutralino sector are discussed in detail . The next-to-minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model ( NMSSM ) is one of the most favored supersymmetric models . +1 The blood glucose concentration ranged from 41.4 to 435.6 mg/dL . Breath samples were collected in Tedlar bags and immediately evacuated through thermal desorption tubes packed with Carbopack B and C. The VOCs were later recovered by thermal desorption and analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry . +1 Due to the Aharonov-Bohm effect these particles exhibit toplogical interactions . The remnant of the U ( 1 ) ^k CS term in the discrete H gauge theory describing the effective long distance physics of such a model is shown to be a 3-cocycle for H summarizing the nontrivial topological interactions cast upon the magnetic vortices by the U ( 1 ) ^k CS term . +1 An interesting model of this phenomena consists of $ N $ scalars with a random potential of fourth order . Here we show that the scaling of the typical minimal bounce action with $ N $ is readily understood , and differs from statements in the literature . +0 We call a weird number~ $ n $ primitive if none of its aliquot parts are weird . We say~ $ n $ is weird if~ $ n $ is abundant but not pseudoperfect . +0 We also explore various possible operators and we find that the tensor type operator , possibly arising from a nonzero CP violating electric dipole moment of the strange quark , can induce a sizable linear photon polarization . However , model-independently , i.e.using only experimental constraint imposed by the limit on $ Br ( \eta\to\pi^+\pi^- ) $ it can be up to $ O ( 10 % ) $ . +1 Recently , the { \it Belle } and { \it BABAR } Collaborations published the single-inclusive electron-positron annihilation data at the center of mass energies ( $ \sqrt { s } $ ) of $ 10.52 $ GeV and $ 10.54 $ GeV , respectively . These new data offer one the possibility to determine the nonperturbative initial conditions of fragmentation functions much more accurately . +1 Stars of 15 and 25 solar masses with both primordial and solar composition were modeled . The zero metallicity supernova progenitors were compact blue stars and the amount of Rayleigh-Taylor induced mixing in them was greatly reduced compared with what was seen in the red supergiants with solar metallicity . +0 When described by granular hydrodynamic equations , the basic steady state of this system is an azimuthally symmetric state of increased particle density at the exterior circle of the annulus . This work investigates phase separation of a monodisperse gas of inelastically colliding hard disks confined in a two-dimensional annulus , the inner circle of which represents a `` thermal wall '' . +1 We introduce a simple nearest-neighbor spin model with multiple metastable phases , the number and decay pathways of which are explicitly controlled by the parameters of the system . With this model we can construct , for example , a system which evolves through an arbitrarily long succession of metastable phases . +1 In a large part of the still allowed parameter space the $ K $ factor of the supersymmetric theory is close to the one of the Standard Model . However , for the case where one of the top squarks is light , a deviation of more than 5 % in the next-to-next-to-leading order prediction of the cross section can be observed where at the same time the predicted Higgs boson mass has a value of about 125 GeV . +1 We obtain two new classes of magnetic brane solutions in third order Lovelock gravity . The first class of solutions yields an $ ( n+1 ) $ -dimensional spacetime with a longitudinal magnetic field generated by a static source . +0 The correct structure is found to be orthorhombic in the Pnma space group for SrLa ( FeTi ) O6 while cubic in the Pm3m space group for BaLa ( FeTi ) O6 . Our studies clearly show that earlier authors have incorrectly reported the tetragonal structure in the I4/m space group for SrLa ( FeTi ) O6 and the cubic structure in the Fm3m space group for BaLa ( FeTi ) O6 . +1 Huge datasets in cyber security , such as network traffic logs , can be analyzed using machine learning and data mining methods . However , the amount of collected data is increasing , which makes analysis more difficult . +0 We show that , if there is more than one energy bin , this produces exclusion limits that are actually at a lower degree of confidence than 90 % , and are hence erroneously tight . The standard analysis technique involves calculating the 90 % upper confidence limit on the number of events in each bin , and excluding any set of parameters ( WIMP mass and cross-section ) which produces a theoretical event rate for any bin which exceeds the 90 % upper confidence limit on the event rate for that bin . +1 The intensity variation due to CME interaction reported in [ 1 ] is confirmed by expanding the investigation to all the large SEP events of solar cycle 23 . The large SEP events are separated into two groups , one associated with CMEs running into other CMEs , and the other with CMEs running into the ambient solar wind . +0 For this purpose we prove that if the partial transpose of a two-qutrit NPT state has two non-positive eigenvalues , then the state is distillable . We show that any bipartite quantum state of rank four is distillable , when the partial transpose of the state has at least one negative eigenvalue , i.e. , the state is NPT . +0 A parity violation was observed for the laser gyroscope measurements such that the effect was greatly pronounced in the clockwise-direction only . After passing a critical temperature , which does not coincide with the material 's superconducting temperature , the angular acceleration and angular velocity applied to the rotating ring could be seen on the sensors although they are mechanically de-coupled . +0 A collision between a WIMP and a gas molecule results in a nuclear recoil of 1-2 mm . The detector consists of a Time Projection Chamber with optical readout filled with CF $ _4 $ gas at low pressure . +1 Here we present a survey of 25 such evolved massive stars ( 16 B [ e ] SGs , 6 LBVs , 2 YHGs , and 1 Peculiar Oe star ) , observed in the K-band with the Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observation in the Near-Infrared ( SINFONI ; R = 4500 ) on the ESO VLT UT4 8 m telescope . The sample can be split into two categories based on spectral morphology : one group includes all of the B [ e ] SGs , the Peculiar Oe star , and two of the LBVs , while the other includes the YHGs and the rest of the LBVs . +0 So far , several generations of TIs have been theoretically predicted and experimentally confirmed , all based on inorganic materials . Topological insulators ( TIs ) are a recently discovered class of materials having insulating bulk electronic states but conducting boundary states distinguished by nontrivial topology . +1 In this \textit { Letter } , we report a strong detection of the [ CII ] line in the host galaxy of the brightest quasar known at $ z & gt ; 6.5 $ , the Pan-STARRS1 selected quasar PSO J036.5078+03.0498 ( hereafter P036+03 ) , using the IRAM NOEMA millimeter interferometer . Its [ CII ] and total far-infrared luminosities are $ ( 5.8 \pm 0.7 ) \times 10^9 \ , L_\odot $ and $ ( 7.6\pm1.5 ) \times 10^ { 12 } \ , L_\odot $ , respectively . +1 Such a superconductor is expected to be topological , thereby supporting topologically protected gapless Majorana-Weyl edge modes . Such modes manifest themselves in chiral dissipationless edge currents , which we exhibit and investigate in the context of our construction . +1 This contrasts with the original proof of Bardos-Lebeau-Rauch , which contains two non-constructive arguments . Our method is based on the Dehman-Lebeau Egorov approach to treat the high-frequencies , and the optimal unique continuation stability result of the authors for the low-frequencies . +1 With the wealth of high-throughput sequencing data generated by recent large-scale consortia , predictive gene expression modelling has become an important tool for integrative analysis of transcriptomic and epigenetic data . However , sequencing data-sets are characteristically large , and previously modelling frameworks are typically inefficient and unable to leverage multi-core or distributed processing architectures . +1 \textbf { 104 } , 062604 ( 2014 ) ] . Either a clockwise or counter clockwise directed loop of half magnetic flux quantum encodes a qubit , which naturally interacts with any single charged particle with arbitrary kinetic energy . +0 We define the theory by Chern-Simons formulation with the gauge algebra $ ( \mathfrak { gl } _ { 2 } \oplus \mathfrak { gl } _ { 2 } ) \otimes \mathfrak { u } ( N ) $ , obtaining a color-decorated version of interacting spin-one and spin-two fields . We propose a theory of three-dimensional ( anti ) de Sitter gravity carrying Chan-Paton color charges . +0 The solutions are expressed in terms of the generating function for the products of Bell polynomials in derivatives of bosonic space-time coordinates $ X^m ( z ) $ of the open string , which form is determined in this work . We find a class of analytic solutions in open bosonic string field theory , parametrized by the chiral copy of higher spin algebra in $ AdS_3 $ . +0 Both features have been observed before and have been attributed to electron-electron interactions within a layer . For filling factors $ \nu & lt ; 1 $ , there is a gap in the current-voltage characteristics centered about $ V=0 $ , followed by a tunneling peak at $ \sim 6 $ ~mV . +1 To investigate this proposal , we compare the metallicity of the hosts of LGRBs , broad-lined Type Ic ( Ic-bl ) supernovae ( SNe ) , and Type II SNe to each other and to the metallicity distribution of star-forming galaxies using the SDSS to represent galaxies in the local universe and the TKRS for galaxies at intermediate redshifts . The differing metallicity distributions of the LGRB hosts and the star formation in local galaxies forces us to conclude that the low-metallicity preference of LGRBs is not primarily driven by the anti-correlation between star-formation and metallicity , but rather must be overwhelmingly due to the astrophysics of the LGRBs themselves . +0 Optical Kerr effect i.e.interaction of optical waves with nonlinear medium with polarizability $ \chi^ { ( 3 ) } $ is the basic phenomenon needed to explain for example the process of light transmission in fibers and optical couplers . Kerr oscillators are model systems which have practical applications in nonlinear optics . +0 We have taken as pixel-by-pixel background the latest TRACE , Yohkoh and CDS images where the loop has faded out . The loop is initially best visible in the TRACE 195 A filter band , and later in the 171 A filter band , with correspondence with the CDS raster images at log T \~ 6.0-6.1 . +1 These results were extended by McQuillan in his proof of the Green-Griffiths conjecture for entire curves on such surfaces . In this work , we study hyperbolic properties of minimal surfaces of general type with minimal $ c_1^2 $ , known as Horikawa surfaces . +1 It is known that bounding the spectral radius of a random matrix consisting of PC samples , yields a bound on the number of samples necessary to identify coefficients in the PC expansion via solution to a least-squares regression problem . We present a related analysis which guarantees a mean square convergence using a coherence parameter of the sampled PC basis that may be both analytically bounded and computationally estimated . +1 First , we need to understand what synthesis models actually compute : we show that a synthetic stellar population with fixed physical parameters ( age , metallicity , star formation history , initial mass function and size of the system ) can only be described in terms of probability distributions ( i.e.there is an intrinsic dispersion in any model ) . Second , we need to identify and characterize the coverage in the parameter space of the models ( i.e.the combinations of input parameters that yield meaningful models ) and the different sources of systematic errors . +1 Clusters older than 1 Gyr show a spread in cluster core radii that increases with age , while the youngest clusters have relatively compact cores . No evidence for post core collapse clusters was found . +0 In the lines of sight with large $ R_V $ , there is in fact a wide range in molecular fractions , despite the expectation that the larger grains should lead to less H $ _2 $ formation . In particular , we are now able to confirm that many , but not all , lines of sight with shallow far-UV extinction curves and large values of the total-to-selective extinction ratio , $ R_V $ = $ A_V $ / $ E ( B-V ) $ -- characteristic of larger than average dust grains -- are associated with particularly low hydrogen molecular fractions ( $ f_ { \rm H2 } $ ) . +0 We use a quenched charm quark with a 949 MeV mass to implement Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani cancellation . The calculation is performed on a 2+1 flavor , domain wall fermion ensemble with a 330MeV pion mass and a 575 MeV kaon mass . +1 Remarkably , it is possible to generate entanglement even in the absence of direct interactions : provided that which path information is erased , weak spin-state dependent light scattering can be used to project two distant spins onto a maximally entangled state upon detection of a single photon . Even though this approach is necessarily probabilistic , successful generation of entanglement is heralded by the photon detection event . +0 We then show how this approach can be extended to handle missing data , thus yielding an efficient and general subspace clustering algorithm . We justify our method by intuitive examples and the matrix perturbation theory . +1 The domain of attraction is described , and convergence results are presented for quantile approximation and for a simple quantile estimator based on the log-GW tail . Simulations are presented , and advantages and limitations of log-GW-based estimation of high quantiles are indicated . +1 It is known that the $ k $ -faces of the permutohedron $ \Pi_n $ are labeled by ( all possible ) linearly ordered partitions of the set $ [ n ] =\ { 1 , ... , n\ } $ into $ ( n-k ) $ non-empty parts . The incidence relation corresponds to the refinement : a face $ F $ contains a face $ F ' $ whenever the label of $ F ' $ refines the label of $ F $ . +1 These TQFT 's are likely to describe the constant order contributions of the cyclotomic integer expansions of the Reshetikhin Turaev Ohtsuki theories . Their modular structure is intimately related to the p-modular representation theory of the symmetric groups S_n . +0 Results were also compared with theoretical results obtained for a circular coil with similar dimensions . To study the coil perfomance , the theoretical signal-to-noise ratio predictions of this coil design were computed using a different number of slots . +0 However , the critical values of the coupling of the continuum field theory , in the large $ N $ limit , is finite in the infinite lattice case and zero in the case of finite lattice . We show that the critical value of the matrix model coupling is identical for the finite and infinite lattice cases . +0 Snapshots of the spatial distribution of resonant KBOs reveal that Twotinos cluster +/- 75 degrees away from Neptune 's longitude , while Plutinos cluster +/- 90 degrees away . We analyze a series of numerical integrations , each involving the 4 migratory giant planets and 400 test particles distributed throughout trans-Neptunian space , to measure efficiencies of capture as functions of migration speed . +0 A major component of current cosmological models is the Hubble constant $ H_\mathrm { o } $ . The CUM must be successfully applied to cosmological scale observations to be considered a cosmological model . +1 Spatial ecological networks are widely used to model interactions between georeferenced biological entities ( e.g. , populations or communities ) . The analysis of such data often leads to a two-step approach where groups containing similar biological entities are firstly identified and the spatial information is used afterwards to improve the ecological interpretation . +1 The article describes the potential application of thermodynamic simulation to forecast chemical aging and relevant color changes in painting . Qualitative and numerical results were obtained by applying the method to various mixtures of pigments without and with atmospheric components . +1 Later , Zhang ( 1994 ) generalized this to graphs with no $ K_5 $ -minor . In this paper we propose a conjecture involving signed graphs which contains all of these results . +1 Jets are defined using the inclusive k_T algorithm . Single- and multi-differential cross sections are measured as functions of jet transverse energy E_T^jet and pseudorapidity \eta^jet in the domain 5 & lt ; E_T^jet & lt ; 75 GeV and -1 & lt ; \eta^jet & lt ; 2.5 . +1 The chiral/continuum extrapolation is performed through a simultaneous fit in the three variables ( m_\pi , q^2 , a ) using HMChPT formulae with additional O ( a^2 ) terms that parametrically account for the lattice spacing dependence . Our results are in very good agreement with the experimental data in the full q^2 range for both D - & gt ; \pi \ell \nu_\ell and D - & gt ; K \ell \nu_\ell . +0 We perform several simulations considering test particles distributed in the Main Belt , as well as in the Hilda and Trojan groups . In this work , we investigate the evolution of a primordial belt of asteroids , represented by a large number of massless test particles , under the gravitational effect of migrating Jovian planets in the framework of the jumping-Jupiter model . +1 Numerical values of the magnetic susceptibility for both the diamagnetic and paramagnetic contributions are reported for arbitrary orientations of the molecule in the magnetic field . It is shown that both diamagnetic and paramagnetic susceptibilities grow with inclination , while paramagnetic susceptibility is systematically much smaller than the diamagnetic one . +0 The ADS are produced with supervised learning . Unlike the democracy indices we have today the ADS are replicable and have standard errors small enough to actually distinguish between cases . +1 Recent studies have indicated that the emission of gravitational waves at the merger of two black holes gives a kick to the final black hole . If the supermassive black hole at the center of a disk galaxy is kicked but the velocity is not large enough to escape from the host galaxy , it will fall back onto the the disk and accrete the interstellar medium in the disk . +0 We derived the kinematics of the warp both analytically and through a particle simulation to fit these data . From the color-magnitude diagram K versus ( J-K ) we selected the standard candles corresponding to red clump giants and used the information of their proper motions to build a map of the vertical motions of our Galaxy . +0 Aims : This paper shows that the sensitivity of the IceCube neutrino telescope in its 40-string configuration ( IC-40 ) is already at the level of constraining the parameter space of purely hadronic scenarios of activity of blazars . Context : Hadronic models , involving matter ( proton or nuclei ) acceleration in blazar jets , imply high energy photon and neutrino emissions due to interactions of high-energy protons with matter and/or radiation in the source environment . +0 We also propose that two unidentified absorption features have interstellar and/or circumstellar origin . Secure identifications for most spectral lines are given , based on synthetic atmosphere models calculated by our group . +0 Calculations which implement a path length dependence steeper than what is implied by current pQCD energy-loss models , show reasonable agreement with the data . An estimate of the increase in anisotropy expected from initial-geometry modification due to gluon saturation effects and initial-geometry fluctuations is insufficient to account for this discrepancy . +1 The shock front separates the inner X-ray emitting , hot region , where gas is almost in hydrostatic equilibrium but with small radial infall ( $ \sim 100 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ ) being left , from the outer cool region . Gas inside the shock is strongly compressed and heated by shock so that X-ray luminosity rapidly rises in the early stage . +1 The latter seems to depend on the hour angle of the observation . In this document , a more detailed analysis of these two effects is carried out and summarised . +1 Using the NIRSPEC spectrograph at Keck II , we have obtained infrared echelle spectra covering the range $ 1.5-1.8 \mu \rm m $ for the highly reddened bulge globular clusters Terzan 4 and Terzan 5 . The clusters are of interest because a blue horizontal branch in Terzan 4 is consistent with very low metallicity , while Terzan 5 has been proposed as possibly the most metal rich known Galactic globular cluster . +0 This may have been observed not only in the gamma-ray spectrum of young supernova remnants ( SNRs ) such as RX J1713.7-3946 , but also in the spectrum of CRs showering on the Earth . The spectrum of cosmic rays ( CRs ) is affected by their escape from an acceleration site . +1 The matrix elements are modified by Sudakov form factors and the parton showers are subjected to a veto procedure to cancel dependence on $ y_ { ini } $ to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy . The method provides a leading-order description of hard multi-jet configurations together with jet fragmentation , while avoiding the most serious problems of double counting . +0 For the first situation , the thermal spectrum has a gap and the correlations along the ribbon decay exponentially . Using a continuum , membrane-like model we study the height-height correlation functions and the destabilization modes corresponding to two different boundaries conditions : ribbons which are fixed or free on the edges . +1 Some interesting constraints are obtained by studying the universality of kaon and pion leptonic decays , CP violating polarization of $ K^+_ { \mu 3 } $ , charged lepton anomalous magnetic moments , and $ ( \mu\ra e \gamma ) $ like rare decays . In particular , we can use the limit of electron dipole moment to constrain the size of the CP violating triplet correlation in the $ e^+ e^- \ra t \bar { t } $ process . +0 Moreover , measurements of back-to-back correlations of charged hadrons suggest that jet shapes are strongly modified modified by the medium . Strong parton energy loss has been observed in central nucleus-nucleus collisions as evidenced by the a large suppression of the yield of high pT hadrons as compared to the expected yield based on measurements in p+p collisions . +1 We present a systematic derivation of a model based on the central moment lattice Boltzmann equation that rigorously maintains Galilean invariance of forces to simulate inertial frame independent flow fields . In this regard , the central moments , i.e.moments shifted by the local fluid velocity , of the discrete source terms of the lattice Boltzmann equation are obtained by matching those of the continuous full Boltzmann equation of various orders . +1 N-Reggeized gluon states in Quantum Chromodynamics are described by BKP equation . In order to solve this equation for N & gt ; 3 particles the Q-Baxter operator method is used . +1 This ratio decreases to only ~23 and 5 for x=0.20 and x=0.4 samples , respectively . Further , the x=0.60 sample shows onset of a broad superconducting transition temperature ( Tconset ) at around 20 K without achieving the TcR=0 state down to 2 K. The TcR=0 state is observed in x = 0.80 and 1.00 samples at around 5 and 14 K , respectively . +0 The course of the transfer rate dominates the shape of the outbursts because the mass accreted during an outburst cycle roughly equals the mass transferred from the secondary over the outburst interval . Depending on the mass loss rate , the disc produces either long outbursts , a cycle of one long outburst followed by two short outbursts , or only short outbursts . +1 The prototype model of a fluidized granular system is a gas of inelastic hard spheres ( IHS ) with a constant coefficient of normal restitution $ \alpha $ . Using a kinetic theory description we investigate the two basic ingredients that a model of elastic hard spheres ( EHS ) must have in order to mimic the most relevant transport properties of the underlying IHS gas . +0 Optimum operation orientations are obtained for various experimental configurations , with detectors that are space- or Earth-fixed , have head-tail capability or not , and use energy information or not . By using two-dimensional distributions of energy and polar angle , a detector without head-tail information with 6.3 times the statistics is found to achieve the same performance level as a full three-dimensional tracking dark matter detector . +0 Certain polarization properties of reflected waves and polarization invariants , in particular at incident angle of forty five degrees , allow finding amplitude and phase characteristics of reflected waves . We consider relationship between the reflection coefficients of plane and rough surfaces for linearly polarized waves . +0 The prototype antennas are mounted on the outermost stations of the Siberian Solar Radio Telescope ( SSRT ) array . The prototype consists of four parts : antennas with broadband front-ends , analog back-ends , digital receivers and a correlator . +0 Case-based planning is a heuristic approach where one tries to reuse previous experience when solving similar problems in order to avoid some of the planning effort . Researchers have been investing significant efforts to develop heuristics or restrictions to make planning practically feasible . +0 We derive analytically the high energy tail of the velocity distribution and compare the theoretical predictions with high precision numerical simulations . 124 , 549 ( 2006 ) ] and extend our results to a different heating mechanism , namely a deterministic non-linear friction force . +1 The combined calculations provide a more reliable estimate of the odd-even splitting of the potentials than previously found , suggesting a rather moderate role for this splitting in deuteron-nucleus scattering generally . The approximate parity-independence of the deuteron optical potentials is shown to arise from the nontrivial interference between antisymmetrization and channel coupling to the deuteron breakup channels . +0 We describe and discuss the satellite observations as well as the complementary ground-based observations - photometric and spectroscopic - carried out to assess the planetary nature of the object and determine its specific physical parameters . The CoRoT satellite exoplanetary team announces its sixth transiting planet in this paper . +0 Secondly , an exact closed-form expression is derived for the $ Ie_ { m , n } ( a , z ) $ integrals for the case that $ n $ is an odd multiple of $ 1/2 $ and subsequently an infinite series and a tight polynomial approximation which are valid for all values of $ m $ and $ n $ . Firstly , an exact infinite series and an accurate polynomial approximation are derived for the $ Ie ( k , x ) $ function which are valid for all values of $ k $ . +0 We present exact analytical expressions for this effect , and also physical models and approximate expressions which give useful insights into the phenomena . The selectivity which can be achieved in the presence of electromagnetically induced transparency ( EIT ) is limited by the decoherence rate of the dark state . +1 Unfortunately , it turns out that after the necessary corrections we have done no more than give an easier proof of Gleason 's theorem under stronger assumptions . However , for some special cases the proof method gives positive results while using different assumptions to Gleason . +1 Wavefunctions describing spacetime positions are modeled as complex disturbances of quasi-monochromatic radiation . It is shown that the product of standard deviations of two position wavefunctions in the plane of a holographic light sheet is equal to the product of their normal separation and the Planck length . +1 We show that the functional vdW-DF2 gives a potential-energy curve , potential-well energy levels , and difference in lateral corrugation promisingly close to the results obtained by resonant elastic backscattering-diffraction experiments . The backscattering barrier is found selective for choice of exchange-functional approximation . +0 We show that for the slab geometry the second critical density $ \rho_m $ is a threshold between quasi- two-dimensional ( quasi-2D ) condensate and the three dimensional ( 3D ) regime when there is a coexistence of the `` quasi-condensate '' with the standard one-mode BEC . We consider three examples of anisotropic geometry : slabs , squared beams and `` cigars '' to demonstrate that the `` quasi-condensate '' which exists in domain $ \rho_c & lt ; \rho & lt ; \rho_m $ is in fact the van den Berg-Lewis-Pul\'e generalised condensation ( vdBLP-GC ) of the type III with no macroscopic occupation of any mode . +1 This is a particularly important issue considering the current and future space missions ( like Planck from ESA and WMAP from NASA ) operating from an orbit far from Earth with short periods of visibility from ground stations . We consider , as a working case , the Low Frequency Instrument ( LFI ) on-board the Planck satellite albeit the approach developed here can be easily applied to any kind of experiment that makes use of an observing ( scanning ) strategy which assumes repeated pointings of the same region of the sky on different time scales . +1 This condition implies the existence of the derivative operator $ $ dE_t ( a ) : H\to H , \ dE_t ( a ) v=\frac { d } { dt } E_t ( a ) v. $ $ If this operator verifies the additional boundedness condition , $ $ \int_J \|dE_t ( a ) \|_2^2 d t\le C_J\|a\|_2^2 , $ $ for any closed bounded sub-interval $ J\subset I $ , and $ C_J & gt ; 0 $ a constant depending only on $ J $ , then the algebras $ B_t $ are *-isomorphic . More precisely , there exists a curve $ G_t : A\to A $ , $ t\in I $ of unital , *-preserving linear isomorphisms which intertwine the expectations , $ $ G_t\circ E_0=E_t\circ G_t . +1 Consequently , HDF850.1 has become a test case of the possibility that the most violently star-forming objects in the universe are too red and/or distant to be seen in the deepest optical images . Here we report the discovery of the host galaxy of HDF850.1 . +1 We apply $ 2FACE $ to a variety of geometric routing algorithms . Our simulation results indicate that bi-directional face traversal decreases the latency of message delivery two to three times compared to single direction face traversal . +0 It is shown how instantons in D4-branes , SU ( 2 ) monopoles and dyons in D3-branes , and vortices in D2-branes are all BPS states of the action recently proposed by Tseytlin . We argue that the trace structure of the non-abelian Born-Infeld action can be fixed by demanding that the action be linearised by certain energy-minimising BPS-like configurations . +1 We consider the uplink of non-cooperative multi-cellular systems deploying multiple antenna elements at the base stations ( BS ) , covering both the cases of conventional and very large number of antennas . Given the inevitable pilot contamination and an arbitrary path-loss for each link , we address the impact of time variation of the channel due to the relative movement between users and BS antennas , which limits system 's performance even if the number antennas is increased , as shown . +0 The observables are obtained to high jet resolution scales with the JADE , Durham , Cambridge and cone jet finders , and compared with the predictions of various QCD and Monte Carlo models . The study is based on jet-multiplicity related observables . +0 General relativistically such systems form a stable hydrostatic configuration both in the non-rotating and rotating cases . Electrically charged systems bound by a strong gravitational force can sustain a huge amount of electric charge ( up to 10^20C ) against Coulomb repulsion . +0 Their galactocentric offset distribution is strongly skewed to very large offsets ( around one third are offset greater than 20 kpc ) , meaning they do not trace the stellar light of their hosts . Strikingly , their explosion sites also mark them out as distinct from other SN types . +1 When dealing with a spacetime , one usually searches for singularities , black holes , white holes and wormholes due to their importance to the motion of particles . There is a family of solution of the Brans-Dicke vacuum equations that has not been fully studied from this perspective . +0 The known stellar component of W40 is dominated by a small number of partly or fully embedded OB stars which have been studied at various wavelengths , but the lower mass stellar population remains largely unexamined . Several bright OB stars in W40 - visible at optical , infrared , or cm wavelengths - are providing the ionizing flux that heats the HII region . +0 Not only the formalization , but also the formal verification of all results has already been fully completed by now ; this , in particular , includes the generic implementation and correctness proof of Buchberger 's algorithm in reduction rings . In this paper we present the first-ever computer formalization of the theory of Gr\ '' obner bases in reduction rings , which is an important theory in computational commutative algebra , in Theorema . +1 Proving that certain hom-functors are monoidal , and so take monoids to monoids , unifies classical convolution in algebra and Day convolution for categories . Hopf bimonoids are defined leading to a lifting of closed structures . +1 In this article we present the first results of our adaptive optics survey of 200 ( mainly ) A-type stars in the nearby OB association Sco OB2 . We report the discovery of 47 new candidate companions of Sco OB2 members . +0 There are two distinct subranges exhibiting different scalings within what is normally considered the inertial range . The sub-dominant mode is anisotropic throughout , but in a scale-independent way ( at higher frequencies ) . +0 The method used is the uniform approximation together with a second order expansion in the Hubble and sound flow functions . In this work , we calculate for the first time the next-to-next-to-leading order scalar and tensor primordial power spectra in k-inflation needed in order to obtain robust constraints on the inflationary theory . +0 The refractive index of a pristine sample measured with the WLIM is also found to be consistent with the spectrum found by independent means ( F. Yakuphanoglu and B. Senkal , Electrical conductivity , photoconductivity , and optical properties of poly ( 1,4 diaminoanthraquinone ) organic semiconductor for optoelectronic applications , Polym.Adv.Technol . The measured change in absorbance is consistent with standard spectrometer measurements . +0 Finally the S ( x ) data are compared with theoretical functions also derived from the des Cloizeaux expression for the distribution function . The distribution function results are compared with the des Cloizeaux form . +1 In the present work , we study the $ ( \beta ^ { - } \beta ^ { - } ) _ { 0\nu } $ decay for the $ 0^ { + } \to 0^ { + } $ transition in the mass mechanism and extract limits on effective mass of light as well as heavy neutrinos from the observed half-lives $ T_ { 1/2 } ^ { 0\nu } ( 0^ { + } \to 0^ { + } ) $ using nuclear transition matrix elements calculated with the same set of wave functions . Further , the effect of deformation on the nuclear transition matrix elements required to study the $ ( \beta ^ { - } \beta ^ { - } ) _ { 0\nu } $ decay in the mass mechanism is investigated . +1 On the assumption that z_abs ~ z_em DLAs are neither ejecta from the QSO , nor part of the host galaxy itself , we use the number density statistics of these DLAs to investigate galaxy clustering near the QSO redshift . We find that n ( z ) of z_abs \~z_em DLAs in our radio-selected QSO sample is ~4 times larger than the number density of intervening DLAs , implying an excess of galaxies near the QSO . +0 This increase in repulsion , directly resulting from interactions between the symmetrical parts of the system , was found to be dependent on the magnitude of the charges and the separation between them . It is found that in the context of the symmetries of the system , the electrostatic repulsion between the two is considerably increased as compared to the electrostatic repulsion between two bare charges in a dielectric . +0 The HST images reveal bright merger signatures in about half the galaxies ; a significantly higher fraction than in comparison inactive ellipticals . For the first time , we combine host galaxy observations with geometric measurements of quasar illumination using blue-band HST observations and [ OIII ] integral field unit observations probing the quasar winds . +1 The sample contains O -- M , long-period variable ( LPV ) , C and S stars . The spectra are flux-calibrated and telluric-corrected . +0 In the quantum case , such a situation does not exist as an eigenstate because of the quantum tunneling between the two fibers . The latter situation makes a state of propagation with two exactly reciprocal realizations . +0 The second is the analysis of reconstruction error associated to each such method . This paper has two themes that are intertwined : The first is the dynamics of certain piecewise affine maps on the Euclidean space that arise from a class of analog-to-digital conversion methods called Sigma-Delta quantization . +0 The rapidly increasing number of applications has heightened interest in more compact comb generators . Optical frequency combs have revolutionized the field of frequency metrology within the last decade and have become enabling tools for atomic clocks , gas sensing and astrophysical spectrometer calibration . +1 The nonlinear $ \sigma $ - $ \omega $ - $ \rho $ hadronic mean-field approximation with or without vacuum fluctuation corrections and strange quark matter defined by MIT-bag model are employed to examine properties of hadron- ( strange ) quark hybrid stars . We have found that hadron- ( strange ) quark hybrid stars become more stable in high density compared to pure hadronic and strange quark stars . +0 We use scanning tunneling microscopy ( STM ) to follow the CO induced coalescence of Pd adatoms supported on the Fe3O4 ( 001 ) surface at room temperature . The coarsening of catalytically-active metal clusters is often accelerated by the presence of gases through the formation of mobile intermediates , though the exact mechanism through which this happens is often subject to debate . +0 To illustrate the performance of the presented approach , it is compared to the null steering beamformer which requires a prior knowledge of directions of arrival ( DOAs ) . In this paper , we developed an adaptive beamforming based on least mean squared error algorithm and null deepening to combat co-channel interference ( CCI ) for the space-time coded OFDM ( STC-OFDM ) system . +1 In this case ( resonance interaction ) , the interatomic interaction is a second-order effect in the atom-field coupling . We separate the contributions of vacuum fluctuations and radiation reaction to the resonance energy shift of the system , and show that only radiation reaction contributes , while Unruh thermal fluctuations do not affect the resonance interaction . +0 Two recent developments , the Unique Games Conjecture ( UGC ) and the Sum-of-Squares ( SOS ) method , surprisingly suggest that this tailoring is not necessary and that a single efficient algorithm could achieve best possible guarantees for a wide range of different problems . In order to obtain the best-known guarantees , algorithms are traditionally tailored to the particular problem we want to solve . +0 This fact is connected with the factorization of scales ( which is inherent to QCD and asymptotic freedom ) and jeopardizes the convergence of the perturbative expansion and the accurate determination of power-suppressed corrections . Perturbative expansions of QCD observables in powers of $ \alpha_s $ are believed to be asymptotic and non-Borel summable due to the existence of singularities in the Borel plane ( renormalons ) . +1 In small volumes , the kinetics of filamentous protein self-assembly is expected to show significant variability , arising from intrinsic molecular noise . This is not accounted for in existing deterministic models . +0 Our treatment is covariant and generalizes the classic Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon result for spinning ( extended ) test bodies . These equations form the basis for future systematic tests of alternative gravity theories . +0 This analysis is based on a data sample of $ 657\times 10^6 $ $ B\overline { B } $ pairs accumulated at the $ \Upsilon ( 4S ) $ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $ e^+e^- $ collider . We report a measurement of $ CP $ violating asymmetries in $ B^0 ( \overline { B } ^0 ) \to K^+ K^- K^0_S $ decays with a time-dependent Dalitz approach . +1 We write the general form of the two functions S_m defining the first-order equations for the fields . It is invariant under the global symmetry group G_ ( 3 ) of the sigma-model . +1 Given a large set of images and the proximities between all pairs , a similarity score space is defined . Cluster analysis was applied to the similarity score space to develop various taxonomies . +1 The band structure of the underlying ordered system is assumed to correspond to either a direct or an indirect semiconductor . In particular , luminescence and absorption spectra are computed for various levels of disorder and sample temperature to determine thermodynamic relations , the Stokes shift , and the radiative lifetime distribution . +1 Adopting this result , we explicitly calculate the renormalized vacuum expectation values of the energy-momentum tensors , $ & lt ; T^A_B & gt ; _ { Ren . } $ , associated with massless fields . +1 However , such a success is essentially limited to qualitative data characterization , identification and analysis ( CIA ) . In this work , we outline a general protocol to construct objective-oriented persistent homology methods . +1 24 ( 1996 ) 992-1024 ] does not hold when the stochastic regression model includes an unknown intercept or when the characteristic polynomial of the unstable autoregressive model has a unit root . To this end , two new statistics are proposed to test for the distribution of the long-memory noises of stochastic regression models and unstable autoregressive models . +0 By exploiting the duality argument , the dependence of convergence of the HDG method on the wave number k , the mesh size h and the polynomial order p is obtained . The method is shown to be an absolutely stable HDG method for the indefinite time-harmonic Maxwell equations with high wave number . +0 The method developed here uses Kantorovich 's theorem to prove that an actual solution exists , thereby assuring that the manifold has a complete hyperbolic structure . This produces an approximate , not actual solution . +1 When the population is composed of two different group of \ $ -traders , they show an anti-imitative behavior . However , when they interact with minority or majority players the \ $ -population imitates the usual behavior of these players . +1 In this work a deep relation between topology and thermodynamical features of manifolds with boundaries is shown . The expression for the Euler characteristic , through the Gauss- Bonnet integral , and the one for the entropy of gravitational instantons are proposed in a form which makes the relation between them self-evident . +0 We study both the classical limit and its quantization , finding an integrable system in both cases . Because all particles occupy a single spatial mode , this quantum many body system has a well defined classical limit consisting of three degrees of freedom , corresponding to the three macroscopically occupied spin states . +1 Extending the analysis of hep-th/0504128 , we obtain a formal expression for the coupling between brane matter and the radion in a Randall-Sundrum braneworld . This effective theory is correct to all orders in derivatives of the radion in the limit of small brane separation , and , in particular , contains no higher than second derivatives . +1 We create a Python GUI scripting interface working under Windows in addition to ( UNIX/Linux ) . The GUI has been built around the Python open-source programming language . +0 Implications for the application of perturbative QCD to the quark-gluon plasma are also discussed . It is applied to the evaluation of the free energy of QCD at order g^5 and the calculation of the g^6 term is outlined . +0 For any $ ( n , k , d ) $ such that $ d \geq 2k-2 $ and $ d \leq n-1 $ , we can directly construct an $ ( n , k , d ) $ MSR code without constructing a larger MSR code and shortening of the larger MSR code . In this paper , we propose a generalized version of the Rashmi-Shah-Kumar Minimum-Storage-Regenerating ( RSK-MSR ) codes based on the product-matrix framework . +0 Next , we focus on the complexity of subsets of counting quantifiers on clique and cycle templates . We show that a single counting quantifier strictly between exists^1 : =exists and exists^n : =forall ( the domain being of size n ) already affords the maximal possible complexity of QCSPs ( which have both exists and forall ) , being Pspace-complete for a suitably chosen template . +0 Three models distinguished by dipole vectors which have one , two or three components are studied by computer simulation . This letter addresses basic questions concerning ferroelectric order in positionally disordered dipolar materials . +0 They may operate under three general conditions : i/ Unitarily Steered evolution ( US ) ; ii/ Irreversible Thermalization ( IT ) and iii/ Isothermal Relaxation ( IR ) , and hence are called USITIR machines . We introduce quantum information engines that extract work from quantum states and a single thermal reservoir . +1 In this paper , we present a new solution of the vacuum Einstein equations in five dimensions which is a static black hole with hyperscaling violation and with a three-dimensional horizon modeled by one the eight Thurston geometries , namely the Nil geometry . This homogeneous geometry is non-trivial in the sense that it is neither of constant curvature nor a product of constant curvature manifolds . +0 We illustrate our method on a model system , and discuss the general applicability of our approach . When the flow field effectively escorts the system along a near-equilibrium path , the free energy estimate converges efficiently and accurately . +1 We analyze a series of numerical integrations , each involving the 4 migratory giant planets and 400 test particles distributed throughout trans-Neptunian space , to measure efficiencies of capture as functions of migration speed . Snapshots of the spatial distribution of resonant KBOs reveal that Twotinos cluster +/- 75 degrees away from Neptune 's longitude , while Plutinos cluster +/- 90 degrees away . +1 A sample of 12 galaxies with Dec & lt ; -30 degree and S ( 100 micron ) & gt ; 50 Jy was observed with the 70-m telescope of the Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex ( CDSCC ) at Tidbinbilla ( Australia ) in a search for water maser emission . The average 3 sigma noise level of the survey is 15 mJy for a 0.42 km/s channel , corresponding to a detection threshold of ~0.1 solar luminosities for the isotropic maser luminosity at a distance of 25 Mpc . +0 These hydrated CM2 meteorites have been investigated in KBr pellets by means of Fourier transform infrared ( FT-IR ) spectroscopy . Some of them , like the carbonaceous CM meteorites experienced aqueous alteration thus their olivine content transformed more or less into hydrated silicates such as phyllosilicates . +0 The effective electron temperature through the MTSI does not depend much on the Mach number , although that through the BI increases with the Mach number as in the past studies . It is revealed that Mach number dependence of the effective electron temperature in the MTSI dominant case is essentially different from that in the BI dominant case . +1 In this paper , we assume that the matched gallery images should not only be similar to the probe , but also be similar to each other , under suitable metric . We express this assumption with a fully connected CRF model in which each node corresponds to a gallery and every pair of nodes are connected by an edge . +0 We have developed a new series of models to simulate the physical conditions and chemical abundances of the gas in cavities to address the question whether the gas is primarily atomic or molecular inside the dust free cavities exposed to intense UV radiation . The gas content of such cavities can be spatially resolved for the first time using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array ( ALMA ) . +0 The globular cluster systems exhibit a wide range of kinematic morphology . We find that the kinematics in these outer regions are all different despite the fact that these four galaxies have similar photometric properties , and are uniformly classified as `` fast rotators '' from their stellar kinematics within $ 1R_e $ . +0 Independent confirmation of the detection is obtained from archival PUEO/CFHT images . By using the ALFA adaptive optics system at the 3.6m telescope of the Calar Alto Observatory we detected a faint red star in the apparent vicinity of FU Ori , the prototype of the FUor outburst stars . +0 We show that the uncoupled case , $ \epsilon=0 $ , is in better agreement with the data than any of coupled models in the physical region . From a purely observational point of view , we show that is not possible to discard values of the coupling constant in the unphysical region $ \epsilon & lt ; 0 $ . +1 Based on an analysis of the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope ( EGRET ) data we infer that the diffuse emission from the MBAs , Trojans , and KBOs has an integrated flux of less than ~6x10^ { -6 } cm^ { -2 } s^ { -1 } ( 100-500 MeV ) , which corresponds to ~12 times the Lunar albedo , and may be detectable by the forthcoming Gamma Ray Large Area Space Telescope ( GLAST ) . If detected by GLAST , it can provide unique direct information about the number of small bodies in each system that is difficult to assess by any other method . +1 The derivations are provided for an uncoded system as well as a coded system with a given bit error rate . The proposed packetization policy provides an optimal packetization interval that minimizes the end-to-end delay for a given channel with certain bit error probability . +1 The association of filaments with protostellar objects has made these structures a priority target in star formation studies . The datasets of the Herschel Galactic Cold Cores Key Programme allow for a statistical study of filaments with a wide range of intrinsic and environmental characteristics . +0 In the negative temperature cycling process , a strong rejuvenation effect has been observed after the temperature shift from the initial temperature $ T_1 $ to the second temperature $ T_2 $ ( $ =T_1+\Delta T $ ) when $ \Delta T\approx -20 $ K . In the constant rate mode including a temporary stop at a temperature $ T_a $ , the memory of the aging at $ T_a $ was found to be kept and then to be recalled during the subsequent heating process . +0 Therefore , we extend the study of action-dependent channels , which until now focused on point-to-point models , to multiple-access channels ( MAC ) . Problems dealing with the ability to take an action that affects the states of state-dependent communication channels are of timely interest and importance . +1 We show that when the infimum is reached , a relaxation hierarchy constructed from the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker ideal is always exact and that the vanishing ideal of the KKT minimizer points is generated by the kernel of the associated moment matrix in that degree , even if this ideal is not zero-dimensional . We also show that this relaxation allows to detect when there is no KKT minimizer . +0 The azimuthal ram pressure of the magnetized wind acting on the planet tends to increase the planet 's angular momentum and cause outward migration if the star 's rotation period $ P_* $ is less than the planet 's orbital period $ P_p $ . This paper investigates the influence of magneto-centrifugally driven or simply magnetic winds of rapidly-rotating , strongly-magnetized T Tauri stars in causing the inward or outward migration of close-in giant planets . +1 Some RSGs are surrounded by circumstellar envelopes detectable by their dust and molecular and , in particular , maser emission . This study consists of a search for maser emission from silicon monoxide ( SiO ) toward a significant number of RSGs that are members of massive stellar clusters , many of which have only recently been discovered . +0 In particular , for the large class of matter couplings considered in this paper , matter must possess an R-symmetry , which is gauged by the vector field which becomes dynamical in the `` new minimal '' completion of the $ R+\alpha R^2 $ theory . We show how in the new minimal formalism matter coupling presents certain features absent in other formalisms . +1 At infinite N the theory is solved exactly . The phases and phase transitions are worked out for finite and infinite short-distance cutoffs . +0 A simple proof is given of Arveson 's result on the weak-operator density of transitive spaces that are masa bimodules . Some infinite dimensional analogues are discussed . +0 We also obtain analytical results for mutual information in the specific regime of the parameter space . We study this transition in detail and find universal qualitative features for the above class of theories which has holographic dual descriptions . +1 All the IARs present EDs in lower temperature lines ( e.g. , 171 { \AA } ) at their early emerging stages , meanwhile in higher temperature lines ( e.g. , 211 { \AA } ) , the ED regions brighten continuously . There are two type of EDs : fan-shaped and halo-shaped . +0 We studied the stochastic escape time from the infinite potential peaks in the Wright-Fisher model , where the typical two-scale diffusion dynamics was observed via computer simulations . It is then important to ask what such singular peaks imply , with or without the effects of other biological factors . +0 Analysis of spectra in the region of the near-IR Ca II triplet along the major axis shows that , in the radial range between 5 '' and ~20 '' , the line of sight velocity distribution of the absorption lines has two distinct peaks , and can be decomposed into a fast-rotating component with v/sigma & gt ; 3 , and a slower rotating , retrograde component with v/sigma between 1 -- 1.5 . We have found that the bulge of the large , nearby Sb galaxy NGC 7331 rotates retrograde to its disk . +0 Previous studies in synonym extraction are most limited to small scale datasets . Automatic synonym extractor is highly preferred for large scale applications . +0 This type of approach is not always suitable for wireless networks where the channel remains static for most of the network lifetime . A common approach for introducing security at the physical layer is to rely on the channel variations of the wireless environment . +1 The discounting bias takes into account the fact that investment is paid upfront for future use ; the precautionary bias multiplies a type of risk aversion index by the local volatility . Relying on the analytical forms , we discuss in detail the economic effects . +1 We find that $ M $ and/or S defects create mid-gap states that localize charge carriers around the defects and which modify the optical and transport properties of the material , in agreement with recent experiments . Furthermore , our results indicate a much higher mobility for $ p $ -doped WS $ _2 $ in comparison to MoS $ _2 $ . +1 The abundance analysis presented here is based on the direct calculation of the electron temperature Te and yields an oxygen abundance of 12+log ( O/H ) = 8.28+/-0.02 . The analysis of the O , Ne , Ar and S abundances shows that the original ISM oxygen abundance was 0.27+/-0.10 dex lower and that third-dredge-up self-pollution in oxygen took place . +0 Such boundaries are characterized by excess grain boundary energy , presence of long range elastic stresses and enhanced free volumes . Grain boundaries in ultrafine grained ( UFG ) materials processed by severe plastic deformation ( SPD ) are often called `` non-equilibrium '' grain boundaries . +0 The survey covers 2.2 sq degrees of M31 , and 0.8 sq degrees of M33 , chosen so as to include all of the regions currently active in forming massive stars . We present UBVRI photometry obtained from Mosaic images of M31 and M33 using the KPNO 4-m telescope . +1 A detailed map of how and where to target stable Kerr frequency combs in the parameter space defined by the frequency detuning and the pump power is provided . Moreover , the work presented also includes the organization of various dynamical regimes in terms of bifurcation points of higher co-dimension in regions of parameter space that were previously unexplored in the Lugiato-Lefever equation . +0 The finite size behaviour of the loop in the curve describing the inverse temperature versus energy density is discussed , emphasizing that the extrema do not have the meaning of van der Waals-like `` spinodal points '' separating metastable from unstable states , but rather describe the onset of heterophase states : droplet/bubble evaporation/condensation transitions . For this purpose , a microcanonical version of the heatbath algorithm is implemented . +0 For a constant background vector , the Randers transformations can be regarded as a deformed directional-dependent Poincar\'e transformation . The particle Randers transformations are achieved through the Finslerian Killing equation which also shows the equivalence between observer and particle Randers transformation . +0 In this limit the effective theory is entirely bosonic , and I consider both the artificial infinite-range limit , and the more realistic case of `` nearest neighbor '' hopping of bosons between localized states . Qualitative features of the mean-field theory of superconductivity in a strongly disordered systems of fermions with short-range attraction are discussed . +1 With this information , we are able to estimate the redshift evolution of the total ( FUV + FIR ) star formation rate density ( SFRD_TOT ) . Our main conclusions are that : 1 ) the dust attenuation A_FUV is found to increase from z = 0 to $ z \sim 1.2 and then starts to decrease until our last data point at z = 3.6 ; 2 ) the estimated SFRD confirms published results to z \sim 2 . +0 On the other hand , each model permits a quasistationary transition to the extreme Kerr black hole . On the one hand , there exists no limit to the mass for a given maximal mass-density inside the body . +0 Most work on shock acceleration has made the plausible assumption that kappa is proportional to the particle gyroradius , implying a wavelength-independent spectrum of MHD turbulence , where Kolmogorov or Kraichnan spectra might be more physically plausible . In diffusive shock acceleration , the maximum particle energy depends on the energy-dependence of the diffusion coefficient kappa . +0 The clumps have sizes $ \sim 1 $ pc , masses of several hundred $ M_\odot $ , and three-dimensional velocity dispersions $ \sim 3 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ , in agreement with typical observed values for such structures . To this end , we study the clumps and cores appearing in the region of central collapse in a numerical simulation of the formation , evolution , and subsequent collapse of a dense cloud out of a transonic compression in the diffuse atomic ISM . +1 Two equations of state are dynamically generated for the { \it same } set of model parameters used to describe the nucleon : one corresponds to a chiral restored phase with almost massless quarks and the other to a chiral broken phase . The chiral symmetric phase saturates at around five times the nuclear matter density . +1 When a specific genotype is only able to influence a few other genotypes , the ecology consists of separate non-interacting clusters in genotype space . When different types may influence a large number of other sites , the network becomes one large interconnected cluster . +0 There is a special case between the two where the thermodynamic curvature is zero . For attractive statistical interactions , thermodynamic curvature is positive and for repulsive statistical interactions , it is negative , which indicates a more stable anyon gas . +0 There is a fast-growing interest in ? nding optimal treatment regimes to maximize expected long-term clinical outcomes of patients for complex diseases , such as cancer and AIDS . A treatment regime is a deterministic function that dictates personalized treatment based on patients ' individual prognostic information . +1 We show that in this case , the volume of HI cleared per SN is considerably greater than in either of the two cases considered hitherto . We derive a simple relationship between the `` porosity '' of the ISM and the star formation rate ( SFR ) , and deduce a critical SFR_crit , at which the ISM porosity is unity . +0 It is shown that an initially expanding closed FRW universe , starting close to the Minkowski spacetime , can not avoid recollapse . We analyze the structure of the resulted four-dimensional dynamical system with the methods of the center manifold theory and the normal form theory . +0 The torus is hundreds of pc across and collimates the starburst-driven nuclear outflow . We observe this source through a dusty torus with a neutral absorbing column density of NH ~ 2x10^23 cm^-2 . +0 The analysis typically uses data from far infrared through near ultraviolet ( say , 40 -- 40,000 cm $ ^ { -1 } $ or 5 mev -- 5 eV ) and uses extrapolations outside the measured range . Kramers-Kronig analysis is commonly used to estimate the optical properties of new materials . +1 All Pt films were subjected to heat treatments up to 973 K for 2 h. The morphological evolution of Pt thin films has been investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy ( SEM ) , atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) and standard image analysis techniques . Three main observations have been made : i ) the deposition method has a direct impact on the morphological evolution of the film during annealing . +0 We give a brief introduction to unconditionally secured key exchange concepts and mention current trust measures in sensor networks . For a given sensor , the higher the portion of channels with unconditionally secure key exchange the higher the trust value . +0 Rates of convergence between the previously mentioned iterative schemes are compared , as well as their respective timing properties . Standard tests , in 1D plane parallel geometry and in the frame of the two-level atom model , with monochromatic scattering , are discussed . +1 The QoS information parameter includes New Connection Blocking Probability ( NCBP ) , Hand off Connection Dropping Probability ( HCDP ) and Connection Outage Probability ( COP ) . In addition , a Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio ( SINR ) based Call Admission Control ( CAC ) algorithm and Queue based Scheduling algorithm are integrated for the cross layer design . +1 Making the same assumption , the adjoint action of the unique inner-implementing representation U^A associated with A\subset B on the local observables in B is found to define net-endomorphisms of B . This property is exploited for constructing from B a conformally covariant holographic image in 1+1 dimensions which proves useful as a geometric picture for the joint inclusion A\vee C_max \subset B . +0 These results are obtained with a sample of 913 $ \Sigma_c^0 \to \Lambda_c^+ \pi^- $ decays and 1110 $ \Sigma_c^++ \to \Lambda_c^+ \pi^+ $ decays . The first errors are statistical , the second systematic . +1 Such a cascade of failures , triggered by a failure of a small faction of nodes in only one network , may lead to the complete fragmentation of all networks . We introduce a model and an analytical framework for studying interdependent networks . +0 Significant differences between the experimental and theoretical results are observed for all three spin-dependent $ ID_i $ at momentum transfers of $ q \gtrsim 0.5 { \rm fm } ^ { -1 } $ , suggesting the existence of nuclear correlations beyond the shell model . The data are compared with calculations based on the distorted wave impulse approximation ( DWIA ) using shell-model wave functions . +1 Magnetic field plays a crucial role in the evolution of these $ r $ -modes and hence the evolution of the neutron star itself . An attempt is made here to investigate the role of magnetic field in the evolution of $ r $ -mode instability and detectibility of gravitational waves emitted by a newly born , hot and rapidly and differentially rotating neutron star . +1 Whereas one nonrelativistic model favors $ \eta_b ( 1S ) $ production from $ \Upsilon ( 2S ) $ , this advantage is lost when relativistic corrections are taken into account , and is not common to all sets of wave functions even in the purely nonrelativistic limit . Thus , the prospects for discovering $ \eta_b ( 1S ) $ in $ \Upsilon ( 3S ) $ radiative decays could be comparable to those in $ \Upsilon ( 2S ) $ decays . +0 The dusty warm absorber solution to this discrepancy is discussed and photoionization models of such warm absorbers are constructed . Spectroscopy in the X-ray band , with both ROSAT and ASCA , reveal absorption by the warm absorber but little or no neutral absorption expected to accompany the dust responsible for the optical reddening . +1 The field-of-view ( FOV ) of 50 '' x 38 '' is well suited for quiet Sun and sunspot observations . However , in the vector spectropolarimetric mode the FOV reduces to 25 '' x 38 '' . +0 We derive a new divergence family between multivariate spectral densities which takes root in the prediction theory . The solution to the problem minimizes a suitable divergence index with respect to an a priori spectral density . +0 The HTDA treatment of the ground-state correlations is converged within a n-particle-n-hole expansion using up to n=4 particle-hole excitations of the pair type ( in the sense of Cooper pairs ) . Then , within the Higher Tamm-Dancoff Approximation ( HTDA ) , which explicitly conserves the particle number , we calculate the same properties starting from the HFBCS solutions . +0 On the basis of projective auxiliary field quantum Monte Carlo simulations on lattice sizes up to 15 x 15 , we map out the phase diagram . We consider the Kane-Mele model with spin-orbit coupling supplemented by a Hubbard U term . +0 Such behavior is seen when both , the usual and a generalized signal-to-noise ratio function are depicted as a function of the external noise intensity or the system size . Through the analysis of the system 's time evolution and its time and space correlations , we have obtained numerical evidence for two stochastic resonance-like behavior . +1 In this second paper we discuss and clarify how the relation of the electrons to the above objects can be used in a program for evaluation of finite-energy few-electron spectral functions . As a first step , here we characterize the dominant holon and spinon microscopic physical processes that originate more than 99 % of the few-electron spectral weight . +1 We investigate the astrometric effects of stellar surface structures as a practical limitation to ultra-high-precision astrometry , e.g.in the context of exoplanet searches , and to quantify the expected effects in different regions of the HR-diagram . Stellar surface structures are likely to produce fluctuations in the integrated flux and radial velocity of the star , as well as a variation of the observed photocentre , i.e.astrometric jitter , and closure phase . +1 We show that given a radially symmetric nuclear charge , the ground state of Dirac-Fock solves this max-min problem for certain numbers of electrons . But we also exhibit a situation in which the max-min level does not correspond to a solution of the Dirac-Fock equations together with its associated self-consistent projector . +0 The results are general , valid for Dirac or Majorana neutrinos and only input the total decay rates and branching ratios for the production and decay channels . We provide a non-perturbative and manifestly unitary framework that describes the cascade decay and yields the space-time evolution of the probabilities for sterile neutrinos , final states and the total number of events at a far detector . +0 Some limitations of the approach would also be pointed out in the end . It is found that the combination of the models put into use here capture modestly well the trends of the data on some important observables . +0 We have found an excellent agreement between our method and traditional Metropolis results for the energy , the magnetization , the specific heat and the magnetic susceptibility on a very large temperature range . We propose a way of implementing the Broad Histogram Monte Carlo method to systems with continuous degrees of freedom , and we apply these ideas to investigate the three-dimensional XY-model with periodic boundary conditions . +1 The nuclear hamiltonian is approximated by the finite rank approximation which amounts to the coherent approximation . The \eta-nucleus scattering length and the resonance and bound -- state poles of the amplitude describing elastic scattering of \eta-meson by these nuclei are obtained . +0 We explicitly implement our method at the 2.5PN post-Newtonian accuracy . By using an improved `method of variation of constants ' , we show how to combine these three time scales , without making the usual approximation of treating the radiative time scale as an adiabatic process . +0 Method reduces computational costs by orders of magnitude , and is applicable for both solid and liquid membranes , provided the curvature is sufficiently small . Here we introduce an approach to model spherical systems , using revised periodic boundary conditions adapted to spherical symmetry . +0 In a nucleus , the $ \rho N $ resonance-hole polarization generates the optical potential or self-energy for the rho meson . The strong coupling of rho meson to the nucleon produces $ s $ and $ p $ wave rho meson nucleon $ ( \rho N ) $ resonances . +1 The $ \Omega $ -phase of the liquid sodium $ \alpha $ - $ \Omega $ dynamo experiment at NMIMT in cooperation with LANL has successfully demonstrated the production of a high toroidal field , $ B_ { \phi } \simeq 8\times B_r $ from the radial component of an applied poloidal magnetic field , $ B_r $ . This enhanced toroidal field is produced by rotational shear in stable Couette flow within liquid sodium at $ Rm \simeq 120 $ . +0 This structure is composed of two layers : the outer layer is made of isotropic and homogeneous material , while the inner layer is fan-shape layer . Here , for the first time , we propose and experimentally demonstrated bilayer structure to achieve simultaneously independent manipulation of multi-physics field ( dc electric fields and thermal ) by directly solving the dc electric/ thermal field equations . +1 The response of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuronal model subjected to stochastic uncorrelated spike trains originating from a large number of inhibitory and excitatory post-synaptic potentials is analyzed in detail . The model is examined in its three fundamental dynamical regimes : silence , bistability and repetitive firing . +1 A diagnostic package is derived from the concept of specific available enthalpy , leading to the definition of a local and complete energy cycle . It is useful to understand the transformations of energy occurring at any particular pressure level or pressure layer of a limited area domain . +1 Here we elucidate the general fundamentals of optical resonances in nonspherical subwavelength dielectric structures of different shapes ( rectangular or triangular ) and dimensionalities ( 1D nanowires and 0D nanoparticles ) . We demonstrate that the optical properties ( i.e.light absorption ) of nonspherical structures are dictated by the eigenvalue of the structure 's leaky modes . +1 Depending on the 2DEG conductance tuned by the gate voltage , the QPT is single ( corresponding to the long range phase coherence in the whole array ) or double ( one related to local phase coherence , the other one to the array ) . By retrieving the coherence length critical exponent \nu , we show that the QPT can be `` clean '' or `` dirty '' according to the Harris criteria , depending on whether the phase coherence length is smaller or larger than the island size . +1 However , their efficacy on highly articulated objects such as humans is yet to be explored . Inspired by hierarchical object representation and recent application of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ( DCNNs ) on human pose estimation , we propose a novel formulation that incorporates both hierarchical exemplar-based models and DCNNs in the spatial terms . +1 In order to avoid the pitfalls of plug-in methods that estimate each sample density independently with respect to the Lebesgue measure , we make direct inference on the two distributions simultaneously from a joint prior , i.e. , the coupled binary partition prior . Our prior leverages on the class of piecewise constant functions built upon binary partitions of the domain . +0 The analysis of such data often leads to a two-step approach where groups containing similar biological entities are firstly identified and the spatial information is used afterwards to improve the ecological interpretation . Spatial ecological networks are widely used to model interactions between georeferenced biological entities ( e.g. , populations or communities ) . +0 As the angular momentum approaches its extremal value , the frequency spectrum bifurcates into these two distinct branches when both types of modes are present . The other set ( the `` damped modes '' ) retains a finite decay rate even for extremal Kerr black holes , and exists only for a subset of corotating modes . +1 We call this duality Spin ( 7 ) duality . Two theories are named Spin ( 7 ) dual if they have the same moduli space : a real Spin ( 7 ) cone with base a weak G_2 manifold , and they are hence holographic dual to the same AdS_4 x G_2 M theory solution . +0 We find a behavior similar to the one observed near the thermal deconfinement transition in the corresponding pure Yang-Mills ( YM ) theory in lattice studies ( whenever available ) . We compute the trace of the Polyakov loop and its two-point correlator near the transition . +0 The superpotentials for the `` resolved '' and `` deformed '' conifold cases turn out to have essentially the same simple structure . This solution can be found in two different ways : ( i ) by first explicitly constructing the Ricci-flat Kahler metric on resolved conifold and then solving the supergravity equations for the D3-brane ansatz with constant dilaton and ( self-dual ) 3-form fluxes ; ( ii ) by generalizing the `` conifold '' ansatz of hep-th/0002159 in a natural `` asymmetric '' way so that the 1-d action describing radial evolution still admits a superpotential and then solving the resulting 1-st order system . +1 The approach is based on recent results of random matrix theory . We extend our previous results to a more difficult situation where some spikes are equal , and compare our algorithm to an existing benchmark method . +1 Furthermore , in less complex texts the distance between concepts , represented as nodes , tended to decrease . The complex networks metrics were treated with multivariate pattern recognition techniques , which allowed us to distinguish between original texts and their simplified versions . +1 The noise spectra associated with correlations of the current through a single level quantum dot , and with the charge fluctuations on the dot , are calculated for a finite bias voltage . The results turn out to be sensitive to the asymmetry of the dot 's coupling to the two leads . +1 Mean field slider block models have provided an important entry point for understanding the behavior of discrete driven threshold systems . We present a method of constructing these models with an arbitrary frictional weakening function . +0 But we also exhibit a situation in which the max-min level does not correspond to a solution of the Dirac-Fock equations together with its associated self-consistent projector . We show that given a radially symmetric nuclear charge , the ground state of Dirac-Fock solves this max-min problem for certain numbers of electrons . +0 The relaxed GB possesses large periodicity and channels with 8 and 10 numbered atoms having 4 and 3 fold coordination . Present study investigates the atomic structure and the effect of point defects in a ZnO GB using the GGA+U approximation . +0 The observations cover about two-thirds of the remnant surface . We present results obtained from a series of observations of the supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 by the Suzaku satellite . +0 By combining the density matrix renormalization group method with the interchain mean-field theory , we discuss how the interchain coupling affects the magnetization curve . We investigate the magnetization process for a quasi-one-dimensional S=1 antiferromagnet with bond alternation . +0 A vision of semi-infinite algebraic geometry is discussed in the introduction . For a homomorphism of commutative rings A\to R , we also construct a tensor structure on the R/A-semicoderived category of R-modules . +1 Such a system can be viewed as a model for a many-body localized system brought into contact with a small bath of a comparable number of degrees of freedom . We numerically and analytically study the effect of interactions on this system and find that generically , the entire system delocalizes . +0 Because of these small values , the actual layer chemical composition , thickness , and interface roughness parameters were determined from the nuclear scattering length density profile ( { \rho } _n ) and its derivative obtained from both x-ray reflectivity and PNR , and uncertainties were determined using Monte Carlo analysis . PNR was measured in an external magnetic field H applied in the plane of the sample with the magnetization M confined in the plane for { \mu } _o H= 6.0 T and partially out of plane at 0.65 T. Nominal thicknesses of the Co and Pd layers were 2.5 { \AA } and 21 { \AA } , respectively . +1 This technique allowed to identify contributions of the Fe and Ti originating electronic states to the valence band . Two valence states of iron Fe2+ and Fe3+ , detected on the base of XAS spectra , appeared to form quite different contributions to the valence band of SrTiO3 . +1 In this paper , we explore the stability of an inverted pendulum under a generalized parametric excitation described by a superposition of $ N $ cosines with different amplitudes and frequencies , based on a simple stability condition that does not require any use of Lyapunov exponent , for example . Our analysis is separated in 3 different cases : $ N=1 $ , $ N=2 $ , and $ N $ very large . +1 These are the first calculations with particles ranging in size from 1m to 10km , which account for the presence of a tidally perturbed gaseous disk . We have found numerically that the radial mass transport by the tidal waves plays a crucial role in the orbital evolution of particles . +0 Despite recent interest in the area , the current state-of-the-art techniques lack in principled approaches for optimally combining different sources of evidence . The task involves taking a user query as input and returning a list of people who are sorted by their level of expertise with respect to the user query . +1 But in many applications , there appear nonlinear statistics of processes that are not strongly mixing . We investigate the nonoverlapping block bootstrap sequences which are near epoch dependent on strong mixing or absolutely regular processes . +1 A method to calculate the crystal field parameters { \it ab initio } is proposed and applied to trivalent rare earth impurities in yttrium aluminate and to Tb $ ^ { 3+ } $ ion in TbAlO $ _3 $ . To determine crystal field parameters local Hamiltonian expressed in basis of Wannier functions is expanded in a series of spherical tensor operators . +1 This fact leads to introduce the notion of universal $ \alpha $ -central extension . Classical results as the existence of a universal central extension of a perfect Hom-Lie algebra remains true , but others as the central extensions of the middle term of a universal central extension is split only holds for $ \alpha $ -central extensions . +0 Massive rotating stars have larger convective cores than their non-rotating counterparts , and their outer layers are chemically enriched due to increased mixing . The impact of new stellar evolution models with rotation on the predictions of population synthesis models is discussed . +1 Using operator approach , we derive the TGTG-formula for the Casimir interaction energy between the two spheres . A byproduct is the explicit formula for the translation matrix that relates the fermionic spherical waves in different coordinate systems . +1 Our results describe the centreless cores of a class of affine reflection Lie algebras , hence apply in particular to the centreless cores of extended affine Lie algebras , the so-called Lie tori , for which we recover results of Allison-Gao and Faulkner . Our classification ( b ) extends a recent result of Benkart-Yoshii . +0 This version includes new routines that offer powerful spatial and spectral visualisation of the data , improved extraction routines , and new analysis tools . PINGSoft 2 is a relatively major upgrade with respect to the first version : the overall functionality and layout have been improved , while the command syntax has been simplified . +0 We derive four inner bounds on the DMT region : the first is based on the compress-and-forward ( CF ) relaying scheme , the second is based on the decode-and-forward ( DF ) relaying scheme , and the last two bounds are based on the half-duplex ( HD ) and full-duplex ( FD ) amplify-and-forward ( AF ) schemes . We study the diversity-multiplexing tradeoff ( DMT ) for the slow fading interference channel with a relay ( ICR ) . +1 From the molecular Hamiltonian , using and discussing the Born-Oppenheimer approximation , we arrive to the Hartree and Hartree-Fock equations for the electronic problem . Special emphasis is placed in the most relevant mathematical aspects of the theoretical derivation of the final equations , as well as in the results regarding the existence and uniqueness of their solutions . +1 The use of relative distances destroys the symmetry property of the original C-S model , which was the key for the various recent studies of C-S flocking behavior . To this end , we introduce here a new framework to analyze the phenomenon of flocking for a rather general class of dynamical systems , which covers systems with non-symmetric influence matrices . +1 On the other hand , we have considered the conjunction { \em et ( and ) } as the head of the coordinate structure , so that coordinate structures stem simply from the subcategorization specifications of { \em et } and the general schemata of a head saturation . Both parts have been encoded within HPSG using the same resource that is the subcategorization and its principle which we have just extended . +0 Then , we show that the supercommutation of $ d $ and $ \delta $ ( which is a natural , essentially necessary condition to get a $ d\delta $ -lemma ) is equivalent to vanishing of the Nijenhujis torsion of $ R $ . We first show that such derivation $ \delta $ generates a ( 1,1 ) -tensor field ( we denote it by $ R $ ) . +0 For a Salpeter IMF and a H_0 = 70 km/s/Mpc , q_0 = 0.1 cosmology , the Hbeta luminosities uncorrected for dust extinction imply star formation rates of 20 - 270 solar masses per year . By targeting redshifts which bring the lines of interest into gaps between the strong OH sky emission , we have been successful in detecting Balmer and [ O III ] emission lines in all five galaxies observed so far with CGS4 on UKIRT . +1 We study the photon self-energy for the in-medium photon in a three-flavor color superconductor in the presence of a magnetic field . At strong magnetic field , the quark dynamics becomes $ ( 1+1 ) $ -dimensional and the self-energy tensor only has longitudinal components . +1 Analysis of experimental data shows that the metal -- insulator transition is possible in materials composed of atoms of only metallic elements . Such a transition may occur in spite of the high concentration of valence electrons . +1 Around the homoclinic tube , Bernoulli shift dynamics of submanifolds is established through shadowing lemma . This work removes an uncheckable condition of Silnikov [ Equation ( 11 ) , page 625 of L. P. Silnikov , Soviet Math . +1 The carriers near E_F have mainly the Te ( 1 ) 5p character , with the negligible contribution from Ce 4f states to the CDW formation . The supercell ( shadow ) bands and the corresponding very weak FS 's are found to arise from band-folding due to the interaction with Ce-Te ( 2 ) layers . +1 The spatial distribution of stars in the nearby S0 galaxy NGC 5102 is investigated using images obtained with WIRCam and MegaCam on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope . With the exception of gaps between detector elements , the entire galaxy is surveyed in r ' and i ' , while the J and Ks data extend out to 6 kpc ( 7 disk scale lengths ) . +1 It is shown that ( P_h -I ) /h converges for small h to a second order elliptic differential operator L on compactly supported functions and that the Markov chain process associated to P_h converges to a diffusion with infinitesimal generator L. Both P_h and L are selfadjoint ( densely ) defined on the space L2 ( H , { \eta } ) of square-integrable functions over the ( lower ) half-space H in R^m , where { \eta } is a stationary measure . This measure 's density is either ( post-collision ) Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution or Knudsen cosine law , and the random processes with infinitesimal generator L respectively correspond to what we call MB diffusion and ( generalized ) Legendre diffusion . +0 By combining the dielectron and dimuon data we can exclude $ Z^ { \prime } $ masses below $ 3 $ ~TeV for $ g_R=g_L $ , and for $ g_R \sim 1 $ we rule out masses up to $ \sim 4 $ ~TeV . We keep the ratio of the left- and right-handed gauge coupling free in order to take into account different patterns of left-right symmetry breaking . +0 We then suggest a refitting by maximum likelihood based on the selected variables only . This Lasso-type approach for GLMMs should be mainly used as variable screening method to reduce the number of variables below the sample size . +1 Monte Carlo simulations are powerful tools for understanding the effects of radiation interactions within detector devices allowing not only to evaluate typical estimates for experimental measurements and to serve as means for designing experiments but to provide additional information that are usually not easily accessible experimentally . A simple numerical approach to describe the functioning of pixelated detectors is presented in this paper . +0 We conjecture that the algebras $ F_ { d , n } $ support a Markov trace which allow to define polynomial invariants for unoriented knots in an analogous way that the Kauffman polynomial is derived from the BMW algebra . They also satisfy a quintic relation , as the smallest closed relation . +1 In this article we derive expressions for the length polynomial where $ X $ is any conjugacy class of involutions , or the set of all involutions , in any finite Coxeter group $ W $ . In particular , these results correct errors in the paper `` Permutation statistics on involutions '' , W.M.B . +1 To facilitate our analysis , we have developed a novel triangulation algorithm that allows efficient study of hypersurfaces with $ h^ { 1,1 } $ as large as 25 , which is difficult using algorithms internal to packages such as Sage . Our results serve as input for statistical studies of the vacuum structure in flux compactifications , and of the distribution of axion decay constants in string theory . +1 We show that for these systems the choice of boundary conditions ( open boundaries as opposed to periodic boundary conditions ) is not a mere technicality ; the influence of anyons produced at the boundaries becomes in fact dominant for large enough $ L $ . This influence can be both beneficial or detrimental . +1 The near-field part is typically approximated by special quadrature rules like the Sauter-Schwab technique that can handle the singular integrals appearing in the diagonal and near-diagonal matrix elements . Since computing one element of the matrix requires only a small amount of data but a fairly large number of operations , we propose to use GPUs to handle vectorizable portions of the computation : near-field computations are ideally suited for vectorization and can therefore be handled very well by GPUs . +0 The arrangement contains a grid to separate the polarizations and two beam splitters to combine each resulting beam with a local oscillator signal . The light entering the front end is refocused with a compact arrangement of mirrors , which is fully contained within the cartridge . +1 For this purpose , we introduce the concept of a hypothetical Peierls barrier , which reproduces all the aspects of the dislocation glide at 0 K resulting from the complex response to non-glide stresses and is expressed in a compact form by the yield criteria advanced in Part II . To achieve this the barrier is dependent not only on the crystal symmetry and interatomic bonding but also on the applied stress tensor . +0 Whenever possible , we perform computations asynchronously , which helps attain speedups on multicore machines as well as in distributed environments . We develop parallel and distributed Frank-Wolfe algorithms ; the former on shared memory machines with mini-batching , and the latter in a delayed update framework . +1 We also estimate the anharmonic expansion from Fe ( 56- & gt ; 54 ) isotope substitution to \Delta a=5.1 10^ { -4 } \AA and \Delta d_ { Fe-As } = 2.510^ { -4 } \AA and the shift of harmonic zero point fluctuations of bond lengths & lt ; \Delta x^2 & gt ; & lt ; =3 10^ { -5 } \AA^2 , giving a total relative average decrease of electronic hopping integrals of |\delta t|/t & lt ; = 2.0 10^ { -4 } . The results poses a serious challenge for any theory of superconductivity in the pnictides that does not include electron-phonon interactions to produce a sizable Fe-isotope effect . +0 We believe that these features are generic for large computer programs . We show that , ( 1 ) due to its growth in time this network displays a scale-free feature in that the probability of the number of links at a node obeys a power-law distribution , and ( 2 ) as a result of performance optimization of the program the network has a small-world structure . +1 We carried out experiments using the Switchboard corpus , with both mel frequency cepstral coefficient features and bottleneck feature derived from a deep neural network . Reductions in word error rate were obtained by using tied PLDA , compared with the PLDA mixture model , subspace Gaussian mixture models , and deep neural networks . +1 The main attention is payed to $ d=2 $ $ \delta $ -potential though $ d=1 $ and $ d=3 $ cases are considered in some detail . We calculate exactly the heat kernel , Green 's functions and the effective action for the operator $ \Delta_ { a } $ in diverse dimensions and for various spaces $ \Sigma $ . +1 We adopt class dependency networks , where nodes represent software classes and edges represent dependencies among them , and show that these networks reveal a significant community structure , characterized by similar properties as observed in other complex networks . However , although intuitive and anticipated by different phenomena , identified communities do not exactly correspond to software packages . +1 SCBs are often observed in the intimidate vicinity of erupting flares and are associated with coronal mass ejections . In the past decade there have been several previous investigations of SCBs . +1 Previous studies on efficient empirical loss minimization assume either a smooth loss function or a strongly convex regularizer , making them unsuitable for non-smooth optimization . We develop a simple yet efficient method for a family of non-smooth optimization problems where the dual form of the loss function is bilinear in primal and dual variables . +1 The model exhibits a 1-st order phase transition of the liquid-gas type . An extension of the model including the Fisher 's term is also studied . +1 The necessary step towards the interpretation of such spectra is to study the line formation in sufficiently realistic 3D MHD models and comparison of the synthetic spectra with observations . This paper gives an overview of recent progress in the field of 3D NLTE synthesis of polarized spectral lines resulting from investigations with the radiative transfer code PORTA . +1 In such scheme , each transmitter is equipped with one conventional antenna and each receiver is equipped with one reconfigurable ( multi-mode ) antenna . Assuming that the channel is known to the receivers only , we show that BIA can achieve $ \frac { 2K } { K+2 } $ DoF , which surpasses the sum DoF achieved by previously known interference alignment schemes with delayed channel state information at transmitters ( CSIT ) . +0 That is , our protocols either succeed with 100 % fidelity or fail in a heralded way , which is advantageous for implementing realistic long-distance quantum communication . The scheme features a filtering mechanism that the faulty events can be discarded by detecting the polarization of the photons . +1 We performed large-eddy simulation with the sub-grid scale ( LES-SGS ) stretched-vortex model of momentum and scalar transport to study the gas-dynamics interactions of a helium inclined round jet into a supersonic ( $ M=3.6 $ ) turbulent ( \Reth $ =13\times10^3 $ ) air flow over a flat surface . The video shows the temporal development of Mach-number and magnitude of density-gradient in the mid-span plane , and isosurface of helium mass-fraction and $ \lam_2 $ ( vortical structures ) . +0 In this thesis we study the dependence of the zero sets of eigenspinors of the Dirac operator on the Riemannian metric . One is interested in obtaining metrics , for which it is not zero . +1 studied the Raman spectra of misoriented bilayer graphene . They found that the blueshift of 2D band of misoriented graphene relative to that of single layer graphene shows a strong dependence on the excitation laser energy . +0 We suggest that the non-correlation is probably related to the GRB number-flux relation slope . Both Nearest-Neighbor Analysis and angular two-point cross-correlation function show that there is no enough evidence supporting the correlation between the GRBs and foreground clusters . +0 Based on this interpretation , Countopoulos et al . Such behaviour could arise if there were a deterministic relationship between the polarity of the poloidal magnetic field that threads the outflow and the sense of rotation of the outflow 's source . +0 Thus they exhibit q-scaling . Here we show that it is possible to choose a suitable variable such that all the data can be fitted by the same Tsallis distribution ( with the same , energy independent value of the q-parameter ) . +1 We present the spectrophotometric properties of a sample of 141 emission-line galaxies at redshifts in the range $ 0.2 & lt ; z & lt ; 1.0 $ with a peak around $ z\in [ 0.2,0.4 ] $ . The analysis is based on medium resolution ( $ R\_ { \mathrm { s } } =500-600 $ ) , optical spectra obtained at VLT and Keck . +0 The lensing mass correlates tightly with the cluster richness . A significant lensing signal is detected around most of the clusters . +0 To calculate NLO corrections for double spectral densities we developed an effective computational technic . The theoretical curve obtained for Q^2 dependence of pion form factor is in a good agreement with existing experimental data . +1 Our population synthesis model includes variation in 16 elements from C to Ba , the shift in effective temperature , Delta ( Teff ) , of the stars with respect to a solar metallicity isochrone , amongst other parameters . In our approach we fit the full optical spectra rather than a select number of spectral indices and are able to , for the first time , measure the abundances of the elements V , Cr , Mn , Co , and Ni from the integrated light of distant galaxies . +1 Shuffling is the process of arranging data elements into a random permutation . The sequence S as an aggregation of N data elements , there are N ! +0 We also discuss the distortion of the lattice structure caused by the charge ordering . The charge ordered state is stabilized so as to relax the geometrical frustration in the spin degrees of freedom . +1 We study parametrized field theories , which are a class of diffeomorphism-invariant theories without gravity . We find that the Hamiltonian for parametrized field theories vanishes on shell even in the presence of a boundary and under a variety of boundary conditions . +1 Employing the time-dependent density functional theory approach we study quasi-fission in the systems $ ^ { 40,48 } $ Ca+ $ ^ { 238 } $ U . Results show that for $ ^ { 48 } $ Ca projectiles the quasi-fission is substantially reduced in comparison to the $ ^ { 40 } $ Ca case . +1 102 , 096406 ( 2009 ) ] that FeSc2S4 is in a local `` spin-orbital singlet '' state driven by spin orbit coupling , close to a quantum critical point , which separates the `` spin-orbital singlet '' phase from a magnetically and orbitally ordered phase . In this paper , we refine further and develop this theory of FeSc2S4 . +0 Changing the values of the parameters in the restricted range allowed by the related experimental estimates has almost no effect on the shape of the curves and results mainly in a variation of the zero load velocity which can be directly fitted to the measured data . The analytic and numerical treatment of our model results in a very good fit to the experimental data and practically has no free parameters . +1 Its coherence length is about 22 times longer than that of the input laser pulses . It is a classical analogue to the large difference between the one- and two-photon coherence lengths of entangled photon pairs . +0 For simplicity , we focus on square integrable ( discrete series ) unitary representations although many of the techniques apply more generally , with minor adjustment . Comparisons are made with Mackey 's theory of induced representations . +1 We compute boundary three-point functions involving two scalars and a gauge field of arbitrary spin in the AdS vacuum of Vasiliev 's higher spin gravity , for any deformation parameter \lambda . In the process , we develop tools for extracting scalar field equations in arbitrary higher spin backgrounds . +0 We span unit-cell volumes ranging from 10 % greater than the equilibrium volume of the $ \delta $ phase to 90 % of the equivalent for the $ \alpha $ phase of Pu . We consider a paramagnetic solution without spin-orbit interaction as a function of volume for the face-centered cubic ( fcc ) unit cell . +0 We propose here a fast supervised detection algorithm called LinMin , in the framework of linear unmixing , with innovative arrangement in order to treat non-linear cases due to radiative transfer in both atmosphere and surface . Instruments such OMEGA ( Mars Express ) , CRISM ( Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter ) , M^ { 3 } ( Chandrayaan-1 ) , VIRTIS ( Rosetta ) and many more , have been producing very large datasets since one decade . +1 Small variations of the cluster parameters may change the properties dramatically . Research in this field has gained much by the many novel experimental methods and techniques exhibiting atomic resolution . +1 Problems dealing with the ability to take an action that affects the states of state-dependent communication channels are of timely interest and importance . Therefore , we extend the study of action-dependent channels , which until now focused on point-to-point models , to multiple-access channels ( MAC ) . +1 Two scenarios were considered : first , we assumed the maximal values for the spin-dependent and spin-independent DM particle-nucleon scattering cross sections allowed by the limits from direct detection experiments . Second , we considered that both scattering cross sections are of the same order , with the aim of studying the dependencies of the capture rate on stellar elements other than hydrogen . +0 The ground state entropy is found to be extensive in the charges . Evidence is given that some particles with large charges in gauge theories , including 4d N=4 SU ( 3 ) and 5d theories with N=1 supersymmetry , have macroscopic entropy . +1 The two outflows are nearly perpendicular to each other , showing a quadrupolar morphology . The northern bipolar outflow extends along the southeast ( redshifted , with a velocity up to ~23 km/s ) and northwest ( blueshifted , velocity up to ~30 km/s ) directions , while the southern pair has an orientation from southwest ( blueshifted , velocity up to 13 km/s ) to northeast ( redshifted , velocity up to ~41 km/s ) . +1 Also , we investigate the vertical structure of inhomogeneous solar photosphere and consider penetration of granules from convective region into upper layers of stable atmosphere . The microturbulent velocity appears to be minimal at the bottom of overshooting convection region and increases sharply through superadiabatic layer and upper photosphere . +0 We show using time-scale and length-scale arguments that except for the very centers of clusters , collisionless dynamics should be more important than collisional . We suggest that this is partly because collisionless dynamics is also important and contribute to shaping the cluster properties . +0 Time dependence of the perturbation is then described by a linear differential equation with time-dependent periodic coefficient . In the limit of large N , time dependence of O ( N ) -singlet expectation values can be described by classical equations of motion in a one-dimensional potential well . +1 Keplerian conic sections are obtained for special choices for p and p ' and the systems are shown to be equivalent to nonrelativistic systems . Their quantum behaviour is also equivalent to the corresponding non-relativistic limit . +1 We show that even tiny variations in the atomic arrangement at the interface cause significant changes in the tunnel barrier parameters and , consequently , in electron transport properties . Especially , we obtain that variations in the crucial barrier heights and widths can be as large as 2 eV and 5 \AA , respectively . +1 The CoRoT satellite exoplanetary team announces its sixth transiting planet in this paper . We describe and discuss the satellite observations as well as the complementary ground-based observations - photometric and spectroscopic - carried out to assess the planetary nature of the object and determine its specific physical parameters . +1 We investigate the energy-momentum distribution for a metric exterior to a spherically symmetric black hole in the brane world by applying the Landau-Lifshitz and Weinberg prescriptions . In both the aforesaid prescriptions , the energy thus obtained depends on the radial coordinate , the mass of the black hole and a parameter $ \lambda_ { 0 } $ , while all the momenta are found to be zero . +0 Assuming $ \rm R_ { GC } $ = 8 kpc , this implies the distance to these stars is $ ( m-M ) _0 $ = 16.97 $ \pm $ 0.07 mags , which corresponds to D = 24.8 $ \pm $ 0.8 kpc . We find a distance modulus difference of 2.41 mags at $ l $ = 5 $ ^ { \circ } $ and $ b $ = -8 $ ^ { \circ } $ and that the extension of the Sgr galaxy towards the galactic plane is inclined toward us . +1 Plasmonics has established itself as a branch of physics which promises to revolutionize data processing , improve photovoltaics , increase sensitivity of bio-detection . A widespread use of plasmonic devices is notably hindered ( in addition to high losses ) by the absence of stable and inexpensive metal films suitable for plasmonic applications . +1 We construct an NXB database by collecting XIS events when the dark Earth covers the XIS FOV . The total exposure time of the NXB data is about 785 ks for each XIS . +1 We discuss the role of a class of higher dimensional operators in 4D N=1 supersymmetric effective theories . The Lagrangian in such theories is an expansion in momenta below the scale of `` new physics '' ( $ \Lambda $ ) and contains the effective operators generated by integrating out the `` heavy states '' above $ \Lambda $ present in the UV complete theory . +0 Two applications are considered : we prove a bijection between contractible groups and distributive uniform irqs ( uniform quandles ) and that some symmetric spaces in the sense of Loos may be seen as uniform quasigroups with a distributivity property . An emergent algebra A over a uniform idempotent right quasigroup X is a collection of operations such that each operation emerges from X , meaning that it can be realized as a combination of the operations of the uniform irq X , possibly by taking limits which are uniform with respect to a set of parameters . +1 The Pierre Auger Observatory has been collecting data in a stable manner since January 2004 . We present here a study of the cosmic ray composition using events recorded in hybrid mode during the first years of data taking . +1 Efficient inference is feasible under this model with an EM algorithm . Moreover , the EM algorithm can be implemented as a distributed algorithm , permitting the model to be applied to very large datasets . +1 Furthermore , we study the precision that can be achieved for the solar parameters , $ \sin^2 2\theta_ { 12 } $ and $ \Delta m_ { 21 } ^2 $ , with a mobile reactor and with a conventional power station . With the mobile reactor , a precision slightly better than from current global fit data is possible , while with a power reactor , the accuracy can be reduced to less than 1 % . +1 In particular , we show that the problem is an instance of the classical problem of Bolza in the calculus of variations . A minimizing solution is known to exist . +1 It has been customary to use data from the Oklo natural nuclear reactor to place bounds on the change that has occurred in the electromagnetic fine structure constant $ \alpha $ over the last 2 billion years . Alternatively , an analysis could be based on a recently proposed expression for shifts in resonance energies which relates them to changes in both $ \alpha $ and the average $ m_q $ of the $ u $ and $ d $ current quark masses , and which makes explicit the dependence on mass number $ A $ and atomic number $ Z $ . +0 We first introduce a class of binary matrices called multipermutation matrices , each of which corresponds to a unique and distinct multipermutation . Multipermutations are permutations of a multiset that generally consist of duplicate entries . +0 Using this we then develop an asymptotic theory of Bayes factors when systems of SDEs are compared , assuming that the number of equations in each system , as well as the time domain , increase indefinitely . In this article , we first develop an asymptotic theory of Bayes factors when two SDEs are compared , assuming the time domain expands . +0 An essential ingredient of the used model is the Weinberg 's $ 2 ( 2j+1 ) $ component formalism for describing a particle of spin $ j $ , recently developed substantially . The amplitudes for boson-boson and fermion-boson interactions are calculated in the second order of perturbation theory in the Lobachevsky space . +1 For the first time , we self-consistently model self-shielding in the cold streams from the cosmological UV background , which enables us to predict their temperatures , ionization states and Lya luminosities with improved accuracy . We find the efficiency of gravitational heating in cold streams in a ~10^11 solar mass halo is around 10-20 % throughout most of the halo but reaching much higher values close to the center . +1 A method to compute several scalar quantities of Cosmic Microwave Background maps on the sphere is presented . We consider here four type of scalars : the Hessian matrix scalars , the distortion scalars , the gradient related scalars and the curvature scalars . +0 We find a strong peak in the power spectrum at approximately 100 Mpc relative to the smooth continuum expected from the best fit Cold Dark Matter model ( Probability is 2.5x10^ { -4 } with Omega h = 0.3 assuming a Gaussian random field ) . Such an analysis is more sensitive to structure on scales & gt ; 50 Mpc than a full 3 dimensional analysis given the geometry of the survey . +0 A morphological comparison suggests a scenario where the three-dimensional EELR gas distribution follows rough biconical shapes with wide opening angles . We used an integral field unit to observe EELRs around two samples of of radio loud AGNs with similar radio properties but different orientations : a sample of quasars and a sample of radio galaxies . +1 Its limitations in terms of flight path differences have already been investigated analytically for neutron beams with vanishing divergence . In the present work Monte-Carlo simulations for quasi-elastic MIEZE experiments taking into account beam divergence as well as the sample dimensions are presented . +0 In this contribution , we compare Kerner 's three-phase traffic theory with the phase diagram approach for traffic models with a fundamental diagram . Despite the availability of large empirical data sets and the long history of traffic modeling , the theory of traffic congestion on freeways is still highly controversial . +1 As a byproduct we obtain the $ \hbar^4 $ corrections stemming from the polarization of the Dirac sea . We apply our results to the relativistic $ \sigma $ - $ \omega $ Lagrangian in the Hartree valence approximation . +0 2000 ) and Teramo ( Pietrinferni et al.2004 ) . To gain a better understanding of the systematic errors we have conducted the analysis with two different sets of stellar evolutionary tracks which we designate as Padova ( Girardi et al . +1 The visual extinction increases by Delta A_V ~ 10 mag over a distance of 15 arcsec from the cluster core . Extinction maps reveal a low-extinction cavity in the densest parts of Arches ( R & lt ; 5 arcsec ) , indicating the depletion of dust due to stellar winds or photo-evaporation . +0 In contrast , the tilt angle formed by Si-O-Si in SiO $ _2 $ markedly changes . Moreover , in the case of quartz GeO $ _2 $ and cristobalite GeO $ _2 $ , all O-Ge-O bond angles vary when the volume of the GeO $ _2 $ bulk changes from the equilibrium point , which causes further deformation of tetrahedra . +1 We present the two-loop renormalization group ( RG ) calculations of all the susceptibilities associated with the two-dimensional flat Fermi surface with rounded corners ( FS ) . Our approach follows our fermionic field theory RG method presented in detail earlier on . +0 These functions include fast and synchronized response to environmental change , or long-term memory about the transcriptional status . Focusing on the collective behaviors on a population level , we explore potential regulatory functions this model can offer . +0 In this article we describe the Casson invariant of A'Campo 's knots as a J^ { +/- } -type invariant of the immersed curves . There are some curves which do not occur in the singularity theory . +1 Volumes and descriptive measures ( such as means and variances ) for each subject and the pooled distances provide the morphometric differences between diagnostic groups , but they do not reveal all the morphometric information contained in LCDM distances . To extract more information from LCDM data , censoring of the distances is introduced . +0 We compute the evolution of the curvature perturbation and show that the primordial power spectrum follows a broken power law with an oscillation feature . We study the ultra slow-roll inflationary dynamics in the presence of non-canonical kinetic terms of the scalar field , namely ultra slow-roll G-inflation . +0 First area is related to the T-categories of A. Burroni . We present the 'standard ' such structures , the exponential fibrations of basic fibrations and three areas of applications . +0 We place only loose constraints on a model . The Sr II spectrum is very strong , and the resonance lines show similar core-nib structure to the stronger Ca K line . +0 The perturbative one-loop mass renormalization is comparable to that for Wilson quarks and considerably smaller than that for Kogut-Susskind quarks . Combining this calculation with simulations at several gauge couplings , we estimate the strange quark mass in the continuum limit . +1 In the scenario investigated here , each user is willing to coordinate its actions only when an incentive exists and benefits of cooperation are fairly allocated . The users are first allowed to negotiate for the use of a simple Han-Kobayashi type scheme with fixed power split . +0 We calculate the impurity contributions to the ( zero temperature ) susceptibilities and the low temperature specific heat and determine the high-temperature characteristics of the impurity . We first consider ground state properties close to half-filling in the presence of a small bulk magnetic field . +1 Not only are such galaxies extremely rare , but this `` coelacanth '' galaxy exhibits characteristics -- in particular its active , inside-out stellar disk-building -- that appear more typical of past ( z ~ 1 ) star formation , when large gas fractions were more common . Unlike most local giant HI galaxies , it is actively star forming . +1 Osborne and A.~Provenzale , { \sl Physica D } { \bf 35 } , 357 ( 1989 ) . ] I will discuss the relevance of this observation to the practical estimation of dimension from a time series , and in particular I will argue that a good dimension algorithm need not be trapped by this anomalous fractal scaling . +0 As for single rotating stars , gravity darkening reduces the flux along the stellar equator of the primary , but , unlike for rotating stars , we find that gravity brightening enhances the flux in a region around the stellar poles . We adopt a simple Roche model to determine the envelope structure of the primary , assumed massive and centrally condensed , and use the results to calculate the flux . +0 In this definition , the phase of a Slater determinant of electronic states is determined by a Chern parity analogous to Chern number in the IQHE case . The nonperturbative definition of a topological insulator given here is distinct from previous efforts in that it involves boundary phase twists that couple only to charge , does not refer to edge states , and can be measured by pumping cycles of ordinary charge . +0 The goal of performing high precision gamma-ray energy measurements while maximizing the use of observation time demands detailed and fast information about atmospheric conditions . The Cherenkov Telescope Array ( CTA ) is the next generation of ground-based very high energy gamma-ray instruments and is planned to be built on two sites ( one in each hemisphere ) in the coming years , with full array operation foreseen to begin 2020 . +1 The derived Ne abundances span approximately an order of magnitude , up to values of ~3 times solar . The excitation ratios measured from the Ne and Ar lines correlate well with each other ( positively ) and with abundances ( negatively ) . +1 upper limits for the transition to chi_c2 ( chi_c0 ) : sigma x BR & lt ; 5.7 pb ( & lt ; 282 pb ) and BR & lt ; 0.9 x 10^-3 ( & lt ; 44 x 10^-3 ) . We also determine Gamma ( psi ( 3770 ) - & gt ; gamma chi_c1 ) /Gamma ( psi ( 3770 ) - & gt ; pi+pi-J/psi ) =1.5+-0.3+-0.3 ( & gt ; 1.0 at 90 % C.L . +1 The optimal ( usually shortest ) time altering the magn etisation along with the smallest applied magnetic field are sought in technological applications s uch as high-density reading or writing of information , spintronics , quantum inform ation and quantum communication systems . This work reviews the magnetization change with a time dependent field and tem perature and discusses the time it takes to alter the magnetization as a function of the control parameter chosen , temperature and material parameters . +0 The wavelength ranges covered by these bands are not uniquely defined . We describe telescopes and instruments that were developed and used for astronomical research in the ultraviolet ( UV ) and extreme ultraviolet ( EUV ) regions of the electromagnetic spectrum . +0 We test three different 2D topological mapping : rectangular , hexagonal , and spherical , by using data from the DEEP2 survey . The key feature of a SOM is that it retains the topology of the input set , revealing correlations between the attributes that are not easily identified . +1 The mixed spin 3- spin 3/2 Ising model has been simulated using cooling algorithm on cellular automaton ( CA ) . The simulations have been made in the interval -6 & lt ; =D & lt ; =6 for J=1 for the square lattices with periodic boundary conditions . +1 The standard analysis technique involves calculating the 90 % upper confidence limit on the number of events in each bin , and excluding any set of parameters ( WIMP mass and cross-section ) which produces a theoretical event rate for any bin which exceeds the 90 % upper confidence limit on the event rate for that bin . We show that , if there is more than one energy bin , this produces exclusion limits that are actually at a lower degree of confidence than 90 % , and are hence erroneously tight . +0 It is found that the analytic properties of the approximant can be controlled by appropriate modifications , making it a robust and reliable tool for electronic structure calculations . We discuss the difference between the \textbf { k } -integrated and \textbf { k } -resolved analytical continuations , as well as describing the use of random numbers and pole residues to analyze the approximant . +1 Characterizations of Wakamatsu-silting complexes are given . In particular , we show that a complex $ T $ is Wakamatsu-silting if and only if its dual $ DT $ is Wakamatsu-silting . +0 We consider the problem of deciding the winner in counter reachability games and show that , in most cases , it has the same complexity under all semantics . We distinguish three semantics for counter reachability games , according to what happens when a counter value would become negative : the edge is either disabled , or enabled but the counter value becomes zero , or enabled . +1 We use synthetic star formation and metal enrichment histories predicted by the { \sc galform } galaxy formation model to investigate the precision with which various colours $ ( m_ { a } -m_ { b } ) $ can alone be used as diagnostics of the stellar mass-to-light ratio . As an example , we find that , at $ z=0 $ , the { \em intrinsic } ( B $ _ { f435w } - $ V $ _ { f606w } $ ) colour can be used to determine the intrinsic rest-frame $ V $ -band stellar mass-to-light ratio ( $ \log_ { 10 } \Gamma_ { V } =\log_ { 10 } [ ( M/M_ { \odot } ) / ( L_ { V } /L_ { V\odot } ) ] $ ) with a precision of $ \sigma_ { lg\Gamma } \simeq 0.06 $ when the initial mass function and redshift are known beforehand . +0 Whenever a particle species becomes non-relativistic , however , the trace of the stress-energy tensor is temporarily nonzero , and the chameleon begins to roll . In the early Universe , when the trace of the matter stress-energy tensor is nearly zero , the chameleon is very light , and Hubble friction prevents it from reaching the minimum of its effective potential . +1 The measurement of large scale patterns or anisotropies in the arrival direction of high energy cosmic rays is an important step towards the understanding of their origin . Such measurements rely on an accurate estimation of the detector relative exposure in each direction on the sky : the coverage map . +1 In the limit of large N , time dependence of O ( N ) -singlet expectation values can be described by classical equations of motion in a one-dimensional potential well . Time dependence of the perturbation is then described by a linear differential equation with time-dependent periodic coefficient . +0 The flip time of a magnetic moment is much longer than that of an atomic spin and hence much shorter time scales are probed within the experimental time window for a superspin glass than for an atomic spin glass . In contrary to atomic spin glasses , strong cooling rate effects are observed , and no evidence for temperature-chaos is found . +0 It is possible to generalize the model to networks whose partnerships change in time . Results : The resulting models remain simple and accurately capture the effect of the initial conditions . +0 Moreover , we emphasize throughout the paper the major difficulties and differences due to the 2BSDE framework . More precisely , we prove existence and uniqueness for 2BSDEs with a generator which is Lipschitz in $ z $ and uniformly continuous with linear growth in $ y $ . +1 One of the major types of glycans , N-linked glycans , is formed by sequential attachments of monosaccharides to proteins by a limited number of enzymes . Many of these enzymes can accept multiple N-linked glycans as substrates , thereby generating a large number of glycan intermediates and their intermingled pathways . +1 A 3D two-magnon density of states now gradually extends to higher temperatures T\leq 60K compared with pure CuGeO_3 . This effect is more pronounced in the case of off-chain substitutions ( Si ) for which a N\'eel state occurs over a larger substitution range , starting at very low concentrations . +0 The V_ub value is obtained from the available measured semileptonic branching fractions in limited regions of the phase-space . By analyzing B - & gt ; X_u l nu_l spectra with a model based on soft-gluon resummation and an analytic time-like QCD coupling , we obtain |V_ub| = ( 3.76 +-0.13 +- 0.22 ) *10^ ( -3 ) , where the first and the second error refers to experimental and theoretical errors , respectively . +0 At the beginning of each timestep , the solenoidal velocities ( also satisfying the desired immersed boundary conditions ) , are obtained and fed into a conventional pseudo-spectral solver , together with a modified vorticity . The desired immersed boundary conditions are approximated on some regular grid points , using different orders ( up to second-order ) polynomial extrapolations . +1 We consider associative ( resp . Poisson ) R-deformations of the structure sheaf O_X . +1 We extend the Deligne-Bezrukavnikov theory of perverse coherent sheaves by showing that a coherent middle extension ( or intersection cohomology ) functor from perverse sheaves on U to perverse sheaves on X may be defined for a much broader class of perversities than has previously been known . We also introduce a derived category version of the coherent middle extension functor . +0 E 85 , 031132 ( 2012 ) ) . Subdiffusive fractional equations are not structurally stable with respect to spatial perturbations to the anomalous exponent ( Phys.Rev . +0 The truncated m/T-expansion results are compared with numerical SPT results for the pressure , entropy and screening mass which are accurate to all orders in m/T . We analytically calculate the pressure and entropy to three-loop order and the screening mass to two-loop order , expanding in powers of m/T . +1 The Twelf system exploits the correspondence between formulas and types to give specifications in LF a logic programming interpretation . By interpreting particular arguments as input and others as output , specifications can be seen as describing non-deterministic functions . +0 They have been argued to form axionic boson stars with small masses $ \sim 10^ { -12 } M_ { \odot } $ . Axions are possible candidates of dark matter in the present Universe . +1 The Quantum Monte Carlo method for spin 1/2 fermions at finite temperature is formulated for dilute systems with an s-wave interaction . The motivation and the formalism are discussed along with descriptions of the algorithm and various numerical issues . +1 In this paper , we explore this phenomenological possibility within string theory . In particular , we discuss how the proton decay bound can be satisfied in Type I string theory . +0 ( 1 ) A subgroup G leq Z^omega exhibits the Specker phenomenon iff every homomorphism G to Z maps almost all unit vectors to 0 . We study the set -- theoretic combinatorics underlying the following two algebraic phenomena . +0 The theory is applied to the system composed of a 40Ca+ ion and a Na atom , and compared to numerical coupled-channel calculations carried out using ab initio potentials . We also introduce corrections to the scattering lengths that improve the accuracy of our quantum-defect model for higher order partial waves , a particularly important result for an accurate description of shape and Feshbach resonances at finite temperature . +0 The outcome is a powerful framework satisfying the requirements of modularity and openness for further thesaurus extension and updating , interlinking among thesauri , and exploitability from other systems . It has been designed according to semantic web and W3C recommendations employing SKOS standard models and Linked Data to publish the thesauri as a whole in machine-understandable format . +0 The low temperatures and high extinctions of such clouds make direct observations of H3+ impossible , but lead to large abundances of H2D+ and D2H+ which are very useful probes of the early stages of star and planet formation . The H3+ ion plays a key role in the chemistry of dense interstellar gas clouds where stars and planets are forming . +0 We illustrate the size of the shift on an example of Gronau-London-Wyler method . It is modest for B - & gt ; DK but can be O ( 1 ) for B - & gt ; D\pi . +1 The production of single-top quarks occurs via the weak interaction at the Fermilab Tevatron proton-antiproton collider . Single top quark events are selected in the lepton+jets final state by CDF and D0 and in the missing transverse energy plus jets final state by CDF . +0 We investigate the effect of GSL parameters on I-V characteristics within the Landauer-Buttiker formalism . Here , we present a detailed study on low bias current-voltage ( I-V ) characteristic of graphene superlattice ( GSL ) resonant tunneling diode ( RTD ) with heterostructured substrate and series of grounded metallic planes placed over graphene sheet which induce periodically modulated Dirac gap and Fermi velocity barrier . +1 Thus obtained low-energy Hamiltonian is solved by the path-integral renormalization-group method , where spatial and dynamical fluctuations are fully considered . An application to Sr $ _2 $ VO $ _4 $ shows that the scheme is powerful in agreement with experimental results . +1 The developed system uses spread spectrum image steganography algorithm with Advanced Encryption Standard ( AES ) key implementation to provide a secure means of delivering medical prescription to the parties involved . The architecture for encoding and decoding was implemented with an electronic health record . +1 We are interested in two different micromagnet shapes : cylindrical ( micro-disk ) and rectangular geometry . We show that in the case of a micro-disk , the spin object is localized in all three directions and therefore zero-dimensional states are created , and in the case of an elongated rectangular micromagnet , the quasi-particles can move freely in one direction , hence one-dimensional states are formed . +0 The conditions for the giant-vortex formation as well as the internal structure of the vortex cores are discussed . The giant-vortex states leave measurable signatures in the ground-state energetics . +1 We develop a theory to describe the transient optomechanical behavior underlying the Ramsey fringes . We also perform the experimental demonstration using a silica microresonator . +1 In this model , assigning orthogonal training sequences to all users will incur a substantial overhead to the overall network , and is even impossible when the number of users is large . Therefore , in this paper , we introduce the notion of local orthogonality , under which the training sequence of a user is orthogonal to those of the other users in its neighborhood . +0 A natural 4D extension of the theory is shown . The theory is quantized a la spin-foam by implementing the analogue of the simplicial constraints for the broken phase of the Spin ( 4 ) SO ( 4 ) symmetry . +0 The proposed playout buffer algorithm finds the optimum playout delay using a closed-form solution that minimizes the sum of the simplified delay impairment factor and the loss-dependent equipment impairment factor of the E-model . We use the ITU-T E-Model as the quality model and simplify its delay impairment function . +1 We find that the consequences of inconsistent choice of the mass-temperature relation and sigma_8 could be quite substantial , including a considerable mis-estimation of the magnitude of the power spectrum and cluster number counts . Our results can partly explain the large scatter between published estimates of the power spectrum and number counts . +1 Several factors are responsible of the deviations from the reconstructed value . The main one is the multinucleon component of the neutrino interaction which in the case of Cherenkov detectors enters as a quasielastic cross section , increasing the mean neutrino energy which can differ appreciably from the reconstructed value . +0 We use dimensional regularization and modified minimal subtraction to get rid of the divergences in the loop-diagram corrections . For each channel , we take into account of the interaction between the external particle and every possible charmed baryon in the triplet , sextet , and excited sextet . +1 This feature is induced by the general relativistic gravitomagnetic component of the Earth gravitational field . The GP-B mission has been launched in April 2004 and is aimed mainly to the measurement of the gravitomagnetic precession of four gyroscopes carried onboard at a claimed accuracy of 1 % or better . +0 Galaxies at 0.04 & lt ; z & lt ; 0.13 are studied using new Parkes observations of a 42deg^2 field near the South Galactic Pole ( SGP ) . Using the Parkes radio telescope , we study the 21cm neutral hydrogen ( HI ) properties of a sample of galaxies with redshifts z & lt ; 0.13 extracted from the optical 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey ( 2dFGRS ) . +1 on an electrode of a novel photovoltaic device as Ag deposition under light illumination , in which the wavelength of incident light is longer than the long-wavelength cutoff of the materials composing the device.Naruse et al . introduced a stochastic cellular automaton model to simulate underlying nonequilibrium processes which are necessary to formulate unique granular Ag film in this deposition process . +1 When an electron hits the barrier from an oblique direction , its spin-up and spin-down states have different energies due to the spin-orbit interaction and the fact that the system has a structural inversion asymmetry . When the electron is reflected in an elastic spin-conserving process , incoming and outgoing angles are the same . +0 This interpretation applies uniformly to the full wave train , from inspiral through ringdown . In our analysis , we pursue the simplest physical description of the dominant features in the radiation , providing an interpretation of the waveforms in terms of an { \em implicit rotating source } . +0 We show how the dimension of the state space , the behavior of the coupling and the Hamiltonian at infinity affect the existence and non-existence of regular solutions . These systems arise in ergodic mean-field game theory , and describe Nash equilibria of games with a large number of agents aiming at aggregation . +0 For small number of signal events , the upper limit obtained is more stringent than that extracted without including the Poisson uncertainty . We present a procedure for calculating an upper limit on the number of signal events which incorporates the Poisson uncertainty in the background , estimated from control regions of one or two dimensions . +1 A plausible option , which does not rely on supersymmetry , is that the Higgs in fact has a much larger tree level quartic coupling than in the Standard Model , which is possible with an extended scalar sector . We investigate in detail the minimal model with a new real singlet scalar which condenses and mixes with the Higgs . +1 We consider a microscopic theory of F/S/F trilayers with metallic or insulating ferromagnets . The trilayer with metallic ferromagnets is controlled by the formation of non local pair correlations among the two ferromagnets which do not exist with insulating ferromagnets . +1 We perform a detailed study of the process $ e^+e^-\to\gamma\nu_l\bar\nu_l $ and its sensitivity to anomalous gauge boson couplings of the $ \gamma WW $ vertex . We concentrate on LEP II energies , $ \sqrt { s } =200 $ GeV , and energies appropria- te to the proposed Next Linear Collider ( NLC ) high energy $ e^+e^- $ collider with c.m . +1 We investigate the X-ray emission of a large BALQSO sample at medium to high redshift ( 0.8 & lt ; z & lt ; 3.7 ) , drawn from the cross-correlation of SDSS DR5 and 2XMM catalogs . We perform on it moderate-quality X-ray spectral and hardness ratio analysis , and X-ray/optical photometry . +1 In such models , the probability distribution for $ \rho_\L $ is a product of an { \it a priori } distribution $ { \cal P } _* ( \rho_\L ) $ and of the number density of galaxies at a given $ \rho_\L $ ( which is proportional to the number of observers who will detect that value of $ \rho_\L $ ) . To determine $ { \cal P } _* $ , we consider inflationary models in which the role of the vacuum energy is played by a slowly-varying potential of some scalar field . +1 Such multi-scale algorithms are often shown to correctly capture the homogenization limit when the highly oscillatory random medium is stationary and ergodic . This paper is concerned with the random fluctuations of the solution about the deterministic homogenization limit . +1 This has significantly heightened the need for automated annotation of the images on one side , and fast and memory-efficient content-based image retrieval systems on the other side . Binary descriptors have recently gained more attention as a potential vehicle to achieve these goals . +0 If interpreted in terms of dark matter ( DM ) annihilating into \gamma\gamma ( \gamma Z , \gamma h ) , this would correspond to a DM particle mass of roughly 130 GeV ( 145 GeV , 155 GeV ) . An analysis of the Fermi gamma ray space telescope data has recently revealed a resolved gamma-ray feature close to the galactic center which is consistent with monochromatic photons at an energy of about 130 GeV . +0 Special attention is paid to the effects of edge disorder . The conductance quantized as 2 ( n+1 ) G_ for the zigzag edges and nG_0 for the armchair edges with G_ { 0 } =2e^2/h being the conductance unit and $ n $ an integer . +0 We develop a simple yet efficient method for a family of non-smooth optimization problems where the dual form of the loss function is bilinear in primal and dual variables . Previous studies on efficient empirical loss minimization assume either a smooth loss function or a strongly convex regularizer , making them unsuitable for non-smooth optimization . +1 Here we propose a novel approach for the reconstruction of serial real-time MRI data which integrates the deformations between nearby frames into the data consistency term . The method is not required to be affine or rigid and does not need additional measurements . +0 We find that the Hamiltonian for parametrized field theories vanishes on shell even in the presence of a boundary and under a variety of boundary conditions . We study parametrized field theories , which are a class of diffeomorphism-invariant theories without gravity . +1 We derive a master equation for this strongly-driven micromaser , involving the contributions of the unitary atom-field interactions and the dissipative effects of a thermal bath . We find analytical solutions for the temporal evolution and the steady-state of this system by means of phase-space techniques , providing an unusual solvable model of an open quantum system , including pumping and decoherence . +0 We perform a systematic study of the free particle , defined by the symmetries of the space time , which include the no-commutativity . The approach we use is based on the Galilei group , where the non-commutativity is seen as a central extension upon identification of the boost generators with the position operator . +1 For algorithm programming , NIMBLE provides functions that operate with model objects using two stages of evaluation . The first stage allows specialization of a function to a particular model and/or nodes , such as creating a Metropolis-Hastings sampler for a particular block of nodes . +0 We propose that this unified theory , which requires no additional experimental input , may be extended to other eukaryotic species with annotated genomes to infer their constrained self-organized spatial arrangement of chromosomes . Our findings corroborate experimental data on spatial chromosomal arrangement in human nuclei , from fibroblast and lymphocyte cell lines , thereby establishing that human genome constrains chromosomal arrangement . +0 An application to Sr $ _2 $ VO $ _4 $ shows that the scheme is powerful in agreement with experimental results . Thus obtained low-energy Hamiltonian is solved by the path-integral renormalization-group method , where spatial and dynamical fluctuations are fully considered . +1 The genetic algorithm was run using the designed experiment on a set of 206 polychlorinated biphenyls searching on structure-activity relationships having known the measured octanol-water partition coefficients and a family of molecular descriptors . The experiment shows that different selection and survival strategies create different partitions on the entire population of all possible genotypes . +1 Events are required to lie in a region of H-space defined by L_i & lt ; H_i & lt ; R_i for i=1 , ... , ,6 , where the left , L_i , and right , R_i , cuts are determined by a genetic algorithm ( GA ) procedure to maximize the signal over the square root of the background . We are able to reduce the background over the signal to less than a factor of 100 using purely topological methods without using jet multiplicity cuts and without the aid of b-quark tagging . +0 $ \hat { B } _ { B_d } $ has been obtained by using `` boosted '' perturbation theory to calculate the renormalization constants which relate the matrix elements of the lattice operators to the corresponding amplitudes in the continuum . Our best estimate of the renormalization scale independent B-parameter is $ \hat { B } _ { B_d } = 1.03 \pm 0.06 \pm 0.18 $ . +0 On the other hand , close to the monolayer completion , the promotion of particles to the second layer considerably affects the properties of mixed films . It is demonstrated that out-of plane motion does not affect the properties of the adsorbed films as long as the total density is not close to the monolayer completion . +0 An open debate about knees in performance curves was undertaken at least 20 years ago . However , there is not a clear agreement about where the boundaries between regions are , and where exactly the utilization knee is located . +1 Recent studies on stellar evolution have shown that the properties of compact objects strongly depend on the metallicity of the environment in which they were formed . Using some very simple assumptions on the metallicity of the stellar populations , we explore how this property affects the unresolved gravitational-wave background from extragalactic compact binaries . +1 The research on human cognition has recently benefited from the use of the mathematical formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space . However , cognitive situations exist which indicate that the Hilbert space structure , and the associated Born rule , would be insufficient to provide a satisfactory modeling of the collected data , so that one needs to go beyond Hilbert space . +1 Combined with a Markov Chain Monte Carlo ( MCMC ) simulation , we recover the projected root-mean-square velocity ( V_rms ) field of the stellar component , and investigate constraints on the stellar mass-to-light ratio , M^*/L , and the fraction of dark matter f_ { DM } within 2.5 effective radii ( R_e ) . We find that the enclosed total mass within 2.5 R_e is well constrained to within 10 % . +1 The following branching fractions are also determined : $ { \cal B } ( B^0 \to D^ { *- } p { \bar p } \pi^+ ) = ( 5.61\pm 0.59\pm 0.73 ) \times 10^ { -4 } $ , $ { \cal B } ( B^0 \to { \bar D } ^ { *0 } p { \bar p } ) = ( 0.67\pm 0.21\pm 0.09 ) \times 10^ { -4 } $ , and $ { \cal B } ( B^0 \to { \bar D } ^ { 0 } p { \bar p } ) = ( 1.24\pm 0.14\pm 0.12 ) \times 10^ { -4 } $ . In each decay mode the invariant mass spectra of the charmed mesons and the baryons are compared with a pure phase-space hypothesis in order to gain insight into the $ B $ meson decay dynamics . +1 In previous work it has been shown that the electromagnetic quantum vacuum , or electromagnetic zero-point field , makes a contribution to the inertial reaction force on an accelerated object . We show that the result for inertial mass can be extended to passive gravitational mass . +1 In this paper we study the problem of the existence of a least-action principle for invertible , second-order dynamical systems , discrete in time and space . We show that , when the configuration space is finite , a least-action principle does not exist for such systems . +0 When the spin fluctuation-induced superconductivity is well stabilized at low temperatures in the optimal regime , the imaginary part of the antiferromagnetic spin susceptibility shows a very sharp resonance peak reminiscent of the 41 meV peak observed in the neutron scattering experiment on YBCO . Its saturation value at the maximum is about 10 T_c . +1 Such R-parity violation is very constrained , however , by resulting B and L violating signals , requiring couplings so small that LSPs will decay outside the detector in all but a few scenarios . In theories with additional matter fields , R-parity can be broken collectively , such that R-parity is not broken by any single coupling , but only by an ensemble of couplings . +1 Maxwell 's equations are cast in the form of the Schr\ '' { o } dinger equation . The Lanczos propagation method is used in combination with the fast Fourier pseudospectral method to solve the initial value problem . +1 In this paper , we show a simple relationship between these quantities for finite-dimensional systems . Our result indicates that if there is a bound on joint localizability , it is possible to obtain a similar bound on joint measurability . +1 Although there are many algorithmic and visual techniques to analyze graphs , none of the existing approaches is able to present the structural information of graphs at large-scale . Hence , this paper describes StructMatrix , a methodology aimed at high-scalable visual inspection of graph structures with the goal of revealing macro patterns of interest . +1 In particular , we provide bulk constructions that correctly reproduce all semiclassical Virasoro blocks that are known explicitly from conformal field theory computations . The results revolve around the use of geodesic Witten diagrams , recently introduced in arXiv:1508.00501 , evaluated in locally AdS $ _3 $ geometries generated by backreaction of heavy operators . +0 The method is demonstrated in an application to ( 111 ) interfaces in elemental Si , modeled with the classical Stillinger-Weber potential . In this work a method is proposed for computing step free energies for faceted solid-liquid interfaces based on atomistic simulations . +0 We identify two high-column density filamentary clouds , quoted as the W43-MM1 and W43-MM2 ridges , which both account for 1.5x10^4 Msun gas mass above 10^23 cm-2 and within areas of 5 and 14pc^2 , respectively . The cloud structure is studied with a column density image derived from Herschel continuum maps obtained at 70 , 160 , 250 , 350 , and 500 micron . +1 We announce the discovery of a quasar behind the disk of M31 , which was previously classified as a remarkable nova in our neighbour galaxy . The paper is primarily aimed at the outburst of J004457+4123 ( Sharov 21 ) , with the first part focussed on the optical spectroscopy and the improvement in the photometric database . +0 The effects of electron correlation in Ni- $ d $ bands were reasonably well described without any { \it ad hoc } parameter and without the ambiguity related to the double-counting and downfolding issues . Using quasiparticle self-consistent $ GW $ calculations we examined the electronic structure of LaNiO $ _3 $ and the LaNiO $ _3 $ /LaAlO $ _3 $ superlattice . +0 Recently , Feshbach resonances have been employed to reduce the strength of the s-wave interaction in many atomic speicies . The s-wave interaction is usually the dominant form of interactions in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates ( BECs ) . +0 The probability of an edge joining two vertices depends on whether the vertices are neighbours or not , as happens in Small World Graphs ( SWGs ) . We study the properties of random graphs where for each vertex a { \it neighbourhood } has been previously defined . +0 Calculating stationary solutions of the conservative secular problem and taking into account the orbital angular momentum leakage , we trace the evolutionary routes followed by the planet pairs during the migration process . We show that each migration mechanism is characterized by a specific law of orbital angular momentum exchange . +0 The background evolution we consider is driven by a tracker solution . Here we extend previous studies , which considered both the quintessence and the cubic terms , by focussing on the role of the last two terms . +1 We study the problem of describing such sequences $ ( b_n ) $ in terms of the asymptotic decay of the subsequence $ ( b_ { p_j } ) $ , where $ p_j $ denotes the $ j $ th prime number . Given a multiplicative sequence $ b= ( b_n ) $ we prove ( among other results ) : $ b $ is an $ \ell_1 $ -multiplier for $ \mathcal { H } _\infty $ provided $ |b_ { p_j } | & lt ; 1 $ for all $ j $ and $ \overline { \lim } _n \frac { 1 } { \log n } \sum_ { j=1 } ^n b_ { p_j } ^ { *2 } & lt ; 1 $ , and conversely , if $ b $ is an $ \ell_1 $ -multiplier for $ \mathcal { H } _\infty $ , then $ |b_ { p_j } | & lt ; 1 $ for all $ j $ and $ \overline { \lim } _n \frac { 1 } { \log n } \sum_ { j=1 } ^n b_ { p_j } ^ { *2 } \leq 1 $ ( here $ b^* $ stands for the decreasing rearrangement of $ b $ ) . +1 Results : The resulting models remain simple and accurately capture the effect of the initial conditions . It is possible to generalize the model to networks whose partnerships change in time . +1 The scalar power spectrum is expected to be nearly scale-invariant . We estimate the rainbow index $ \lambda $ and energy scale $ M $ in the gravity 's rainbow scenario by analyzing the Planck temperature and WMAP polarization datasets . +1 More specifically , we consider Radon numbers for $ P_3 $ -convexity in trees . Tverberg 's theorem states that every set of $ ( k-1 ) ( d+1 ) -1 $ points in $ \mathbb { R } ^d $ can be partitioned into $ k $ sets with intersecting convex hulls . +0 This is because the waves are in fact , exponentially small , and thus beyond-all-orders of regular asymptotics ; their formation is a consequence of the divergence of the asymptotic series and the associated Stokes Phenomenon . In order to preserve the nonlinear nature of the obstruction , asymptotic expansions in the low-Froude or low-Bond number limits can be derived , but here , the solutions invariably predict a waveless surface at every order . +0 The degree of ionization follows a complicated dependence on the number density at central densities up to 10^5 cm^ { -3 } for magnetic models and 10^6 cm^ { -3 } in non-magnetic models . As a result , Zeeman observations tend to sample the outer layers of the core and consistently underestimate the core magnetic field . +0 The concept of self-similarity arises from this nature . The gravitational interaction is scale-free in both Newtonian gravity and general theory of relativity . +1 Spectroscopic imaging at these energies reveals an exponential decay of these 'core states ' with a decay length of 2.2 ( 3 ) nm . The four-fold symmetry sometimes predicted for d-wave vortices is not seen in spectroscopic vortex images . +1 Relativistic invariance is incorporated within the framework of Poincare invariant quantum mechanics , and presented in some detail . Based on a Malfliet-Tjon type interaction , observables for elastic and break-up scattering are calculated up to projectile energies of 1 GeV . +0 In our algorithms , the original IP problem is decomposed into several sub-problems , which can be solved locally and efficiently on each smart camera , and then different sub-problems reach consensus on their solutions in a rigorous way by adjusting their parameters based on projected sub-gradient optimization . In this paper , we formulate the problem of data association in smart camera networks as an Integer Programming problem by introducing a set of linking variables , and propose two distributed algorithms , namely L-DD and Q-DD , to solve the Integer Programming problem using dual decomposition technique . +0 Despite great efforts , a conclusive and convincing demonstration of this goal has proven challenging . Metallic-Cavity lasers or plasmonic nanolasers of sub-wavelength sizes have attracted great attentions in recent years , with the ultimate goal of achieving continuous wave ( CW ) , room temperature ( RT ) operation under electrical injection . +0 We show that if \ell & gt ; d+1 , and G is a subgroup of Sp_ { 2d } ( Q_ { \ell } ) of inertia type , then G is conjugate in GL_ { 2d } ( Q_ { \ell } ) to a subgroup of \Sp_ { 2d } ( Z_ { \ell } ) . We say that G is a group of inertia type if G is a finite group which has a normal Sylow-p-subgroup with cyclic quotient . +0 This can be attributed to the fact that , contrary to nanoparticles , the larger colloids are significantly harder to synthesize as single crystals . In contrast , the choice of micron-sized colloidal building blocks of particles with flat facets , i.e. , particles with polygonal shapes , is significantly more limited . +0 Our results can partly explain the large scatter between published estimates of the power spectrum and number counts . We find that the consequences of inconsistent choice of the mass-temperature relation and sigma_8 could be quite substantial , including a considerable mis-estimation of the magnitude of the power spectrum and cluster number counts . +1 We also consider the parity-restricted version of the harmonic oscillator and find completely new classes of mathematical relations , unrleated to those of the ordinary oscillator problem . These two soluble quantum-mechanical systems defined by power-law potentials provide examples of how the form of the potential ( both parity and continuity properties ) affects the convergence of quantum-mechanical sum rules . +0 They also omitted the donor-phonon interaction . They omitted an important energy term from the long-range polarization of the ionized donor , which vanishes for the neutral donor . +0 The equations of motion are numerically integrated for three exemplary irregular grain geometries , exposed to anisotropic radiation with the spectrum of interstellar starlight . Stationary solutions ( constant alignment angle and spin rate ) are found ; these solutions may be stable ( `` attractors '' ) or unstable ( `` repellors '' ) . +1 Model color magnitude diagrams of low-metallicity globular clusters usually show a deficit of hot evolved stars with respect to observations . We investigate quantitatively the impact of such modelling inaccuracies on the significance of star formation history reconstructions obtained from optical integrated spectra . +1 Second , we apply a hierarchical clustering method . The NCD is universal in that it is not restricted to a specific application area , and works across application area boundaries . +0 We argue that for extremely short thermalisation time scale , the higher loop contribution should not be neglected . It was shown , that for small thermalisation time , two loop rate contribute substantially to high $ p_T $ photons . +1 In the linac , beam instability caused by the fluctuated amplitude and phase of SHBs has been observed . The reason of the fluctuation is considered to be the multi-pacting in the SHB cavity . +1 The changes in the distribution caused by neglecting the attractive forces , lead to a too high pressure . The weak long-range attractions damp the dynamics and the diffusion of the particles in gas- , super critical fluid- and in liquid states . +0 Based on these known sources , we establish three criteria for selecting candidate AGB stars in the Galaxy , which are three defined occupation zones in a color-color diagram , Galactic latitude |gb| & lt ; 20 deg , and `` corrected '' WISE third-band W3c & lt ; 11 . We search for their identifications in the SIMBAD database and find 3.2 million identified sources . +1 An error analysis result is given for classical Gram -- Schmidt factorization of a full rank matrix $ A $ into $ A=QR $ where $ Q $ is left orthogonal ( has orthonormal columns ) and $ R $ is upper triangular . The work presented here shows that the computed $ R $ satisfies $ \normal { R } =\normal { A } +E $ where $ E $ is an appropriately small backward error , but only if the diagonals of $ R $ are computed in a manner similar to Cholesky factorization of the normal equations matrix . +0 Immersed surfaces with prescribed motions are generated using the interpolation and regularization operators obtained from the discrete delta function approach of the original ( Peskin 's ) immersed boundary method . A new parallel , computationally efficient immersed boundary method for solving three-dimensional , viscous , incompressible flows on unbounded domains is presented . +0 Technically , FN avoids the queue overflows by controlling the instantaneous queue size below the optimal queue size , and control congestion by keeping the average arrival rate close to the outgoing link capacity . Fast Congestion Notification ( FN ) is one of the proactive queue management mechanisms that practices congestion avoidance to help avoid the beginning of congestion by marking or dropping packets before the routers queue gets full ; and exercises congestion control , when congestion avoidance fails , by increasing the rate of packet marking or dropping . +1 We investigate the critical behavior of trapped particle systems at the low-temperature superfluid transition . In particular , we consider the three-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model in the presence of a trapping harmonic potential coupled with the particle density , which is a realistic model of cold bosonic atoms in optical lattices . +0 The dynamical exponent $ z $ can be calculated by an $ \epsilon = d_c-d $ expansion . Based on scaling arguments it will be demonstrated that both systems belong below the critical dimension $ d_c $ to the same universality class leading to anomalous diffusion in the long time limit . +0 A supersolar abundance of iron is not required by the data . The ionization parameter of the material ( i.e. , the flux to density ratio ) is around 10^3 , resulting in a Fe K line from He-like iron . +0 We also discuss the phase-space occupancy and entropy per particle . We discuss the concept of an equivalent instantaneous source on which both techniques rely . +0 Possible lattice artifacts when non-chiral lattice Dirac operator is employed are briefly discussed . In addition we show that the axial U ( 1 ) anomaly becomes invisible in susceptibilities of scalar and pseudo scalar mesons , suggesting that the 2nd order chiral phase transition with the O ( 4 ) scaling is not realized in 2 flavor QCD . +1 We demonstrate a high-frequency generator operating at ~200GHz based on flipping a semifluxon in a Josephson junction of moderate normalized length . The semifluxon spontaneously appears at the $ \pi $ discontinuity of the Josephson phase artificially created by means of two tiny current injectors . +0 We investigate the hidden conformal symmetry in the near horizon limit and consider the relation between the hidden conformal symmetry and the asymptotic symmetry in the near horizon limit . For extremal case , the near region is expected to be the near horizon region in which the correspondence via the asymptotic symmetry is studied . +1 Utilizing in-medium vector spectral functions which describe dilepton data in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions , we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of QCD and Weinberg sum rules at finite temperature . The starting point is our recent study in vacuum , where the sum rules have been quantitatively satisfied using phenomenological axial-/vector spectral functions which describe hadronic tau-decay data . +0 This is shown to vanish at spacelike separations , reproducing the usual point particle field theory result . Of more direct physical interest is the commutator of finite mass fields , obtained by smearing the string fields with appropriate wave functions . +1 Based on scaling arguments it will be demonstrated that both systems belong below the critical dimension $ d_c $ to the same universality class leading to anomalous diffusion in the long time limit . The dynamical exponent $ z $ can be calculated by an $ \epsilon = d_c-d $ expansion . +0 In addition , an upper limit on the combined flux of the disk and the donor in the infrared region wherein the contribution of the primary is negligible is also determined . The model fit of the two independent observations provides an upper limit on the distance of the system for different effective temperatures of the primary . +0 However , the supernova structure could be somewhat confused with a possible close by noise peak . As it appears , the structure may be interpreted as either a core-jet or a double source . +0 Also an explicit example is constructed which leads to a simply connected manifold with a transcendental l^2-Betti number with respect to an action of the threefold direct product of the lamplighter group Z/2 wr Z . It is shown that all non-negative real numbers are l^2-Betti numbers , and that `` many '' ( for example all non-negative algebraic ) real numbers are l^2-Betti numbers of simply connected manifolds with respect to a free cocompact action . +1 For strong spontaneous emission from that state , however , the ionization is never complete because the dark state required for STIRAP does not exist . We demonstrate that this drawback can be eliminated almost completely by creating a laser-induced continuum structure ( LICS ) by embedding a third discrete state into the continuum with a third control laser . +0 Next , we develop a general theory for change-point problems when both the pre-change distribution $ f_ { \theta } $ and the post-change distribution $ g_ { \lambda } $ involve unknown parameters . We present asymptotically optimal procedures for one-parameter exponential families . +0 We also analyze the probability distributions of the elements of $ [ T ] $ in this particular model for a better understanding of the characteristics of `` isotropic '' and `` anisotropic '' orientations distributions of the ensemble of TLSs . The structure of $ [ [ R ] ] $ reflects the symmetry of the quasicrystal . +1 In contrary to atomic spin glasses , strong cooling rate effects are observed , and no evidence for temperature-chaos is found . The flip time of a magnetic moment is much longer than that of an atomic spin and hence much shorter time scales are probed within the experimental time window for a superspin glass than for an atomic spin glass . +0 However , fermionic atoms are neutral and thus are difficult to manipulate . The ability to control such individual information carriers in trapped ultracold atomic Fermi gases is a novel theme in quantum information science . +1 Traditional end-to-end congestion control mechanisms assume data transferring happens between each pair user . In contrast , in a P2P network , many peers may locally keep a copy of a specific data object . +1 Grain boundaries in ultrafine grained ( UFG ) materials processed by severe plastic deformation ( SPD ) are often called `` non-equilibrium '' grain boundaries . Such boundaries are characterized by excess grain boundary energy , presence of long range elastic stresses and enhanced free volumes . +0 We show that the structure of the superconductor depends on the number of flavors . We provide a systematic treatment of color superconductivity in the instanton model . +1 This model arises as a consistent truncation of maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory on a three-sphere to the lowest modes of the scalar fields . In fact , our studies mimic the current investigations concerning the integrability properties of this gauge theory . +1 Episodic mass loss produces dust and therefore causes evolved massive stars to be very luminous in the mid-infrared and dim at optical wavelengths . We aim to increase the number of investigated luminous mid-IR sources to shed light on the late stages of these objects . +0 Our K- counts are consistent with the predictions of non-evolving models with 0 & lt ; q0 & lt ; 0.5 . Over the entire area we have extremely deep UBRI photometry . +1 The experiment had significant systematic effects caused by the rotation of the apparatus which were only partly analysed and taken into account . We show that this is insufficient to put a bound on $ \tilde { \kappa } _ { e- } ^ { ZZ } $ and the bound on $ \beta-\delta-1/2 $ represents a five-fold improvement not a ten-fold improvement as claimed . +1 The new constraint leads to a Schr\ '' odinger equation for the system.i.e.to non-vanishing eigenvalues for the super-Hamiltonian operator ; the physical interpretation of this feature relies on the appearance of a `` dust fluid '' ( non-positive definite ) energy density , i.e.a kind of `` materialization '' of the reference frame . As an example of minisuperspace model , we consider a Bianchi type IX Universe , for which some dynamical implications of the revised canonical quantum gravity are discussed . +1 We review the results of the 1988 multi-wavelength campaign on the late-type eclipsing binary YY Geminorum . Observations include : broad-band optical and near infra-red photometry , simultaneous optical and ultraviolet ( IUE ) spectroscopy , X-ray ( Ginga ) and radio ( VLA ) data . +0 Our main technical contribution is in designing an online algorithm using only the existence of good junction-trees to reduce an MC-BB instance to multiple SS-BB sub-instances . We use the concept of junction-tree solutions ( Chekuri et al. , FOCS 2006 ) that play an important role in solving the offline versions of the problem via a greedy subroutine -- an inherently offline procedure . +1 Here we study the quantum strong-coupling regime by calculating its photoluminescence ( PL ) properties under a pulsed excitation . We discuss the changes in the PL as the QSC regime is reached , which transitions between a peak around the cavity resonance to a doublet . +0 We formulate perturbed pressure in terms of adiabatic index by employing the conservation of baryon numbers . For this purpose , we derive linearized perturbed equation of motion following the Eulerian and Lagrangian approaches . +1 It has been found that extended regions of Doppler velocities with different signs are formed in the first hours of the magnetic flux emergence in the horizontal velocity field . The flows observed are directly connected with the emerging magnetic flux ; they form at the beginning of the emergence of active regions and are present for a few hours . +0 In order to have survived , we suggest that the present planets in NN Ser must have had semi-major axes $ \ , { } ^ & gt ; _ { \sim } \ , 10 $ AU and high eccentricity values which is in conflict with current observations . In addition to spherically-symmetric mass-ejection events , we consider planetary dynamics under the influence of an expanding disk . +1 The system has some scaling symmetries which are used in our analysis of the solutions . We find exact solutions , i.e. , regular AdS solution for $ k=1 $ and a massless black hole solution for $ k=-1 $ . +0 Until recently , however , no major interferometer was capable of imaging the important 36 GHz transition . Many authors have argued that the appearance of various subsets of class I masers may be indicative of specific evolutionary stages of star formation or excitation conditions . +1 When particle-hole symmetry is broken electron ( hole ) pockets are formed around the Fermi surface . The superconducting ground state emerges from the pairing of nodal quasi-particles mediated by acoustic phonons via a piezoelectric coupling . +1 In the paper we discuss possible approaches to the problem of the rigorous derivation of quantum kinetic equations from underlying many-particle dynamics . For the description of a many-particle evolution we construct solutions of the Cauchy problems of the BBGKY hierarchy and the dual BBGKY hierarchy in suitable Banach spaces . +1 techniques , to facilitate the rigorous analysis of electromagnetic ( EM ) fields radiated by sources embedded in tilted , cylindrically-layered geophysical media . Our method addresses the major challenge in such problems of appropriately approximating the domain boundaries in the computational model while , in a full-wave manner , predicting the effects of tilting in the layers . +0 Methods : The method is based on the registration of an anatomical atlas computed from a population of 18 MRI exams onto a patient image . Purpose : This paper presents the preliminary results of a semi-automatic method for prostate segmentation of Magnetic Resonance Images ( MRI ) which aims to be incorporated in a navigation system for prostate brachytherapy . +0 Models with different SFHs are introduced . The data are fitted with the code CIGALE , which is also used to build and analyse a catalogue of mock galaxies . +0 The hinge-like structure of BP brings unusual mechanical responses such as anisotropic Young 's modulus and negative Poisson 's ratio . We systematically investigated the geometric , electronic and thermoelectric ( TE ) properties of bulk black phosphorus ( BP ) under strain . +0 In particular , we derive a closed-form formula for the Laplace transform of the probability density of the drawdown of a units when it precedes the drawup of b units . The drawdown and the drawup are the first hitting times of the drawdown and the drawup processes respectively . +0 We give a full complexity classification of all 11 2-Pi problems , observing that in the switch from one to two linear orders the complexity landscape changes quite abruptly and that hardness proofs become rather intricate . Here we consider the variant of the problem , denoted 2-Pi , where we are allowed to construct two linear orders alpha and beta and each constraint needs to be satisfied by at least one of the two . +0 The exact value of this error depends on the mass profile of the cluster . It is found that the PME can overestimate the mass by approx 40 % if a cluster is sampled only about its effective radius , Re . +0 The main feature of this model is that there exists a new entropy functional , yielding gradient estimates for the cell density and chemical concentration . A parabolic-parabolic ( Patlak- ) Keller-Segel model in up to three space dimensions with nonlinear cell diffusion and an additional nonlinear cross-diffusion term is analyzed . +1 We furthermore show that quantum anomalies do not block the invariance requirement . This invariance constraint applies to the entire spectrum of states , from the vacuum to the excited states ( should they exist ) , and is in that sense much stronger than the usual Poincare invariance requirement of the Minkowski vacuum alone . +1 Further , it is shown that the dynamics of the extents of flow exhibit cooperative behavior . Further , we provide the conditions under which the dynamics of the extents of reaction exhibit cooperative behavior . +1 We show that every Pauli partner is an attractive fixed point of this operator , which means that we can find complete sets of Pauli partners very efficiently . As a particular case , we found numerically 24 mutually unbiased bases in dimension N=23 in less than 30 seconds in a standard PC . +0 This is the origin for the emergence of the the spin Hall effect . Thus , when we prepare a BEC in a magnetic sublevel $ m=0 $ , thermally and quantum-mechanically excited atoms in the $ m=1 $ and $ -1 $ states feel the Lorentz-like foces in the opposite directions . +1 With a goal to produce giant magnetic moment in Mn $ _ { 13 } $ cluster which will be useful for practical applications , we have considered the structure and magnetic properties of pure Mn $ _ { 13 } $ cluster and substitutionally doped it with X = Ti , V , Cr , Fe , Co , Ni atom to produce Mn $ _ { 12 } $ X clusters . We find that Ti and V substitutions in Mn $ _ { 13 } $ cluster are the most promising in terms of gaining substantial binding energy as well as achieving higher magnetic moment through ferromagnetic alignment of atom-centered magnetic moments . +0 In any case , it soon gets smaller than the cosmological horizon and thereafter it can be approximated as an isolated vacuum solution with decaying mass accretion . However , if it is very close to the cosmological apparent horizon size , the accretion is suppressed due to general relativistic effects . +1 The method uses ( approximate ) partial second-order ( curvature ) information , so that the algorithm performance is more robust when applied to highly nonseparable or ill conditioned problems . We call the method Robust Coordinate Descent ( RCD ) . +1 We derive a formula for the first variation that turns out to be a non-degenerate elliptic operator for the special case $ q=2 $ -- - a fact that seems not to be the case for the original tangent-point energies . This observation allows us to prove that stationary points of $ TP^ { ( p,2 ) } $ + \lambda length , $ p\in ( 4,5 ) $ , \lambda & gt ; 0 , are smooth -- - so especially all local minimizers are smooth . +1 The said criterion identifies a state as classical if a suitably defined JQP of the eigenvalues of spin components in suitably chosen three or two orthogonal directions is non-negative . In agreement with other approaches , the JQP based criterion leads to the result that all non-factorizable pure states of two spin-1/2s are non-classical . +1 Moreover , the heat conduction of Rubin-Greer-like model for FK chain at low temperature is calculated . It is found that the stationary heat flux $ J ( N ) \sim N^ { \alpha } $ , and $ \alpha $ depends on the strength of the external potential . +0 ) , occur in various physical situations . Composite bosons , here called { \it quasibosons } ( e.g.mesons , excitons , etc . +1 Here , in addition to the classical rules a player may also move the Queen as the Knight of Chess moves . We prove that the second player 's winning positions of Maharaja Nim are close to the ones of Wythoff Nim , namely they are within a bounded distance to the lines with slope $ \frac { \sqrt { 5 } +1 } { 2 } $ and $ \frac { \sqrt { 5 } -1 } { 2 } $ respectively . +0 We provide a local algorithm for computing $ \omega $ without rectifying the skew tableau , and show that certain steps in our algorithm are in bijective correspondence with Pechenik and Yong 's genomic tableaux , which enumerate the $ K $ -theoretic Littlewood-Richardson coefficient associated to the Schubert curve . In particular , the real locus of the Schubert curve is naturally a covering space of $ \mathbb { RP } ^1 $ , with $ \omega $ as the monodromy operator . +0 The light neutrino mixing angles observable via oscillation effects are related to the heavy conjugate ( right-handed ) neutrino mass matrix , which also plays a key role in cosmological baryogenesis . We demonstrate that the different quark flavour branching ratios in proton decay are related to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angles , whereas the lepton flavour branching ratios are undetermined . +0 Microscopic yielding leads to destruction of the local microstructure and local heating . Nevertheless , a disordered solid is evidently different in that pinning barriers of particles are due to neighbors that are also subject to motion . +0 We observe anisotropic atom bursts that explode from the condensate , atoms leaving the condensate in undetected forms , spikes appearing in the condensate wave function , and oscillating remnant condensates that survive the collapse . Our ability to induce a collapse by switching the interactions from repulsive to attractive by tuning an externally-applied magnetic field yields a wealth of detailed information on the violent collapse process . +1 The computational complexity of MCMC methods for the exploration of complex probability measures is a challenging and important problem . A challenge of particular importance arises in Bayesian inverse problems where the target distribution may be supported on an infinite dimensional space . +0 In particular , we can use the limit of electron dipole moment to constrain the size of the CP violating triplet correlation in the $ e^+ e^- \ra t \bar { t } $ process . Some interesting constraints are obtained by studying the universality of kaon and pion leptonic decays , CP violating polarization of $ K^+_ { \mu 3 } $ , charged lepton anomalous magnetic moments , and $ ( \mu\ra e \gamma ) $ like rare decays . +1 Our main focus is on the `top-down approach ' of considering models constructed within string theory . We explain the string-theoretical constructions in detail , aiming at non-specialists . +0 Metastable de Sitter vacua behave differently depending on the uplifting mechanism . This opens the possibility of having a CFT dual . +0 We show that the Euler characteristic of the smooth locus is equal to the large Schr\ '' oder number and the Poincar\'e polynomial is given by a natural statistics counting the number of diagonal steps in a Schr\ '' oder path . We also study the smooth and singular loci of the degenerate flag varieties . +0 The study of the snow line is an important topic in several domains of astrophysics , and particularly for the evolution of proto-stellar environments and the formation of planets.Aims . Context . +1 Remarkably , we find evidence of a correlation which is ruled out as a chance alignment at the 3sigma level . The best fit Bianchi model corresponds to x=0.55 , Omega_0=0.5 , a rotation axis in the direction ( l , b ) = ( 222degr , -62degr ) , shear ( sigma/H ) _0=2.4e-10 and a right -- handed vorticity ( omega/H ) _0=6.1e-10 . +1 We introduce a three-dimensional lattice gas model to study the glass transition . In this model the interactions come from the excluded volume and particles have five arms with an asymmetrical shape , which results in geometric frustration that inhibits full packing . +0 In his formal analysis of EPR-type entangled quantum states , Bell ( 1964 ) concluded that any hidden variable theory designed to reproduce the predictions of quantum mechanics must necessarily be nonlocal and allow superluminal interactions . In the 80 years since the seminal Einstein , Podolsky , and Rosen ( EPR ) paper , physicists and philosophers have mused about the `spooky action at a distance ' aspect of quantum mechanics that so bothered Einstein . +0 A trapped gas of fermionic 40K atoms is evaporatively cooled to quantum degeneracy and then a magnetic-field Feshbach resonance is used to control the atom-atom interactions . We have observed condensation of fermionic atom pairs in the BCS-BEC crossover regime . +1 This has brought dramatic increase in the capability of particle simulations in many application areas , such as electrostatics , particle formulations of fluid mechanics , and others . Although the literature on the subject provides theoretical error bounds for the FMM approximation , there are not many reports of the measured errors in a suite of computational experiments . +0 The spectra above 2 keV are modeled by a power-law with a photon-index of 2.56+/-0.06 . We present results from a 50 ks observation of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Ark 564 with the Chandra HETGS . +0 Interpretation of the data hinges critically on correctly modeling and removing the WFC3 instrument systematics from the light curves . As a follow up , here we used the Hubble Space Telescope to investigate the existence of one of these candidate planets , UCF-1.01 , by searching for two transit signals as it passed in front of its host star . +0 Using a one-loop renormalization group scheme for weak to moderate coupling strengths , we find that for purely local interactions U & gt ; 0 and small Fermi surfaces the renormalization group flow remains bounded down to very low scales and no superconducting or other instabilities can be detected . Motivated by the recent finding of superconductivity in layered CoO_2 compounds , we investigate superconducting and magnetic instabilities of interacting electrons on the two-dimensional triangular lattice . +1 We use this as an input to calculate the low energy part of the current-current correlation function in nuclear matter . For the isovector channel we find a significant enhancement of the in-medium spectral density below the $ \rho $ resonance while the $ \rho $ meson mass itself changes only slightly . +1 Electronic structure calculations from first-principles are employed to design some new half-metallic fully-compensated ferrimagnets ( or as they are widely known half-metallic antiferromagnets ) susceptible of finding applications in spintronics . Cr $ _2 $ MnZ ( Z= P , As , Sb , Bi ) compounds have 24 valence electrons per unit cell and calculations show that their total spin moment is approximately zero for a wide range of lattice constants in agreement with the Slater-Pauling behavior for ideal half-metals . +1 In other words , the pertubation series for $ F ( x ) $ , due to analyticity imperative , may change its form turning into an { \it asymptotic expansion \`a la Erd\'elyi over a nonpower set } $ \ { { \cal A } _n ( x ) \ } $ . We analyse sets of functions $ \ { { \cal A } _n ( x ) \ } $ and discuss properties of non-power expansion arising with their relations to feeble loop and scheme dependence of observables . +0 Three common choices- for this highly non-unique choice - are briefly discussed , the logics being Classical Logic , Fuzzy Logic , and Probability Logic . In order to evaluate combination of evidence for this system , using observed data , auxiliary at tribute and diagnosis variables , and inference rules connecting them , one must first choose an appropriate algebraic logic description pair ( ALDP ) : a formal language or syntax followed by a compatible logic or semantic evaluation ( or model ) . +1 The spectrum of the fermion zero modes in the vicinity of the vortex with fractional winding number is discussed . This is inspired by the observation of the 1/2 vortex in high-temperature superconductors ( Kirtley , et al , Phys.Rev.Lett . +0 This value is conservatively a lower limit to the GRB redshift . We interpret it as HI Lyman break at z = 2.067+/-0.025 indicating the presence of a cloud with a HI column density log ( HI ) & gt ; 18 on the line-of-sight to the OT . +0 We employ interactions from a resolution-scale dependent similarity renormalization group transformations and assess the validity of power counting estimates in medium-mass nuclei . For the nucleon-nucleon interaction from chiral effective field theory at order next-to-next-to-next-to leading order , we find that the coupled-cluster approximation including triples corrections binds nuclei within 0.4 MeV per nucleon compared to data . +1 Unlike previously monitored Seyfert 1 galaxies , in which the X-ray continuum generally varies with a larger amplitude than the UV , in 3C 390.3 the UV continuum light-curve is similar in both amplitude and shape to the X-ray light-curve observed by ROSAT . The UV broad emission-line variability lags that of the UV continuum by 35-70 days for Ly-alpha and CIV 1549 ; values larger than those found for Seyfert 1 galaxies of comparable UV luminosity . +0 The same lower bound was recently obtained independently by Sherstov using related techniques . We show that this quantity is $ \Theta ( \sqrt { n } ) $ , closing a line of incrementally larger lower bounds . +1 The data are fitted with the code CIGALE , which is also used to build and analyse a catalogue of mock galaxies . Models with different SFHs are introduced . +0 The first one is based on Harris theorem , and the second on Doeblin 's coupling argument . Two approaches are used . +1 Consequently , this method possesses very high computational efficiency . We present the construction , the convergence analysis , and the numerical implementation of the method . +1 Space resolved concentrations of helium He metastable atoms in an atmospheric pressure radio-frequency micro-plasma jet were measured using tunable diode laser absorption spectroscopy . The spatial profile of metastable atoms in the volume between the electrodes was deduced for various electrode gap distances . +1 Stationary solutions ( constant alignment angle and spin rate ) are found ; these solutions may be stable ( `` attractors '' ) or unstable ( `` repellors '' ) . The equations of motion are numerically integrated for three exemplary irregular grain geometries , exposed to anisotropic radiation with the spectrum of interstellar starlight . +0 We solve the linearized relativistic hydrodynamic equations to detail the flow picture . Similar hydrodynamical phenomena are well known , e.g.the so called sonic booms from supersonic planes . +1 We combine results from CDF and D0 searches for a standard model Higgs boson in ppbar collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron at sqrt { s } =1.96 TeV . With 1.0-2.4 fb-1 of data collected at CDF , and 1.1-2.3 fb-1 at D0 , the 95 % C.L . +0 The excitation ratios measured from the Ne and Ar lines correlate well with each other ( positively ) and with abundances ( negatively ) . The derived Ne abundances span approximately an order of magnitude , up to values of ~3 times solar . +0 and challenging theoretical understanding to date . 80 , 5782 ( 1998 ) ] , Bruder and Imry address the reentrance effect in proximity coupled normal-metal coated superconducting cylinders discovered by Mota et al . +1 Electric transport in semiconductor superlattices is dominated by pronounced negative differential conductivity . In this report the standard transport theories for superlattices , i.e.miniband conduction , Wannier-Stark-hopping , and sequential tunneling , are reviewed in detail . +1 For this class of processes , we propose a compressive estimator of the discrete Rihaczek spectrum ( RS ) . This estimator combines a minimum variance unbiased estimator of the RS ( which is a smoothed Rihaczek distribution using an appropriately designed smoothing kernel ) with a compressed sensing technique that exploits the approximate time-frequency sparsity . +0 The stringent constraints from the top FB asymmetry at the Tevatron and the same sign top pair production at the LHC can be evaded due to contributions of the extra Higgs doublets . Also the chiral nature of U ( 1 ) ' flavor symmetry calls for new U ( 1 ) '-charged Higgs doublets in order for the SM fermions to have realistic renormalizable Yukawa couplings . +1 The distribution of waiting time $ { \cal T } $ till the completion of the target task has the power law tail $ \sim 1/t^ { 1/2 } $ , resulting from a first-passage solution of an equivalent Wiener process . Taking into account a diversity of time deficit parameters in a population of individuals , the power law tail is changed into $ 1/t^\alpha $ with $ \alpha\in ( 0.5 , \infty ) $ , including the well-known case $ 1/t $ . +0 ( 2 ) Slow massive wide ( SMW ) jets , or rapidly precessing jets , can inflate bubbles similar to those observed in CF clusters . Instead , the accretion to the central super-massive black hole ( SMBH ) is in the form of cold dense blobs that fall-in from an extended region . +1 Consider the extremal case where phi ( h ( X ) ) = t ( X ) . In the situation where T_ { X } is unimodular , Kondo has determined the list of t ( X ) , as well as the actual realizations , and showed that t ( X ) alone uniquely determines the isomorphism class of X ( with phi ( h ( X ) ) = t ( X ) ) . +1 In this paper we investigate how the BH mass versus velocity dispersion relation and the nuclear luminosity versus velocity dispersion relation in QSOs/active galactic nuclei ( AGNs ) are connected with the BH mass versus velocity dispersion relation in local galaxies , through the nuclear luminosity evolution of individual QSOs/AGNs and the mass growth of individual BHs . In the study we ignore the effects of BH mergers and assume that the velocity dispersion does not change significantly during and after the nuclear activity phase . +1 In this generalization , the standard heat kernel expansion , which counts inverse powers of a c-number mass parameter , is extended by allowing the mass to be a matrix in flavor space . We show that the generalized heat kernel coefficients can be related to the standard ones in a simple way . +1 The CUM must be successfully applied to cosmological scale observations to be considered a cosmological model . A major component of current cosmological models is the Hubble constant $ H_\mathrm { o } $ . +1 We determine dimensionless versions of the maximum surface density , accretion rate , and effective viscosity that can be sustained by density-wave turbulence without fragmentation . Where fragments do form , we study the final masses that result . +1 Early considerations indicated that conditions on RD planets would be inimical to life , as their Habitable Zones ( where liquid water could exist ) would be so close as to make planets tidally locked to their star . This was thought to cause an erratic climate and expose life forms to flares of ionizing radiation . +0 We generalize , to the presence of a transport current , the two-variable variational formulation proposed recently for thin film magnetization problems . Accounting for the current leads presents an additional difficulty encountered in thin film transport current problems . +1 The near infrared ( IR ) absorption spectra of starburst galaxies show several atomic and molecular lines from red supergiants which can be used to infer reliable stellar abundances . The metals locked in stars give a picture of the galaxy metallicity prior to the last burst of star formation . +1 The role of the 4-form field in the theory of BPS branes in 5d is clarified . We describe arguments suggesting that the effective 4d description of the universe in the ekpyrotic scenario ( hep-th/0103239 ) should lead to contraction rather than expansion of the universe . +1 Assuming a photoionisation-recombination balance , we find that for miniquasar sources the transition from neutral to ionised intergalactic medium is extended and has two features . The first is a sudden steep increase in the neutral fraction with a typical width of 5-10 comoving megaparsecs , depending on the miniquasar power . +1 We present the first calculation of next-to-leading order QCD corrections to QCD-induced ZZ production in association with two jets at hadron colliders . Both Z bosons decay leptonically with all off-shell effects , virtual photon contributions and spin-correlation effects fully taken into account . +1 Our sample only includes strongly irradiated planets , whose expanded atmospheres may be detectable via transit spectroscopy . The simulations were performed with the PLUTO-CLOUDY interface , which couples a detailed photoionization and plasma simulation code with a general MHD code . +0 Here $ \beta_k $ and $ \gamma_k $ are the critical exponents for $ P_\infty $ and $ S $ when the growth of clusters spontaneously breaks the $ Z_k $ symmetry of the $ k $ -partite graph ( Lau , Paczuski , and Grassberger , 2012 ) . From the measured $ P_ { \infty } $ and $ S $ we obtain the critical exponents $ \beta_k $ and $ \gamma_k $ for $ k=2 $ and 3 . +1 NGC 4945 hosts one of the brightest AGN in the sky above 10 keV , but it is only visible through its reflected/scattered emission below 10 keV , due to absorption by a column density of ~4\times10^24 cm-2 . A new Suzaku campaign of 5 observations spanning ~6 months , together with past XMM-Newton and Chandra observations , show a remarkable constancy ( within & lt ; 10 % ) of the reflected component . +1 Aims : The search for transiting planets in these long time series is computationally intensive . We wish to optimize the search for both detection and computational efficiencies . +0 These experiments measure only one parameter of the massive compact halo objects ( machos ) , the magnification time scale of the events . Three ongoing microlensing experiments have found more candidate events than expected from the known stars . +1 In regime I ( weak rotation ) the large scale circulation ( LSC ) is the dominant feature of the flow . In regime II ( moderate rotation ) the LSC is replaced by vertically aligned vortices . +0 The main ideas behind mirror options are : 1 ) A product that can be adjusted by the holder to agree with his/her market view at any time during its life . In this work we present a new family of options ( mirror options ) specially crafted to satisfy the necessities of aggressive speculators . +1 Possible structure of this phase-separated state ( metallic droplets in a charge-ordered matrix ) is discussed . The model is extended to account for the strong Hund-rule onsite coupling and the weaker intersite antiferromagnetic exchange . +1 We have observed condensation of fermionic atom pairs in the BCS-BEC crossover regime . A trapped gas of fermionic 40K atoms is evaporatively cooled to quantum degeneracy and then a magnetic-field Feshbach resonance is used to control the atom-atom interactions . +0 The proof is based on the regularizing property of the iterated collision operators , exponential moment production estimates , and some previous results on the exponential rate of strong convergence to equilibrium for square integrable initial data . We prove the exponential sharp rate of strong convergence to equilibrium for conservative measure solutions having finite mass and energy . +1 The MACHO collaboration has now discovered in excess of 40 microlensing events toward the Galactic Bulge during the 1993 observing season . A preliminary analysis of this data suggests a much higher microlensing optical depth than predicted by standard galactic models suggesting that these models will have to be revised . +0 The EPIC CCD cameras provide the highest signal-to-noise spectrum of a high-z quasar to date . We present XMM-Newton observations of the high redshift z=3.104 , radio-loud quasar PKS 0537-286 . +0 We construct new examples of non-Kahler complex manifolds with torsion in lower dimensions , that have non-zero Euler characteristics . The manifolds studied in our earlier papers had zero Euler characteristics . +0 The model treats the morphology acquisition problem as one of learning to map forms onto meanings and vice versa . This paper describes a connectionist model of the acquisition of morphology which is shown to exhibit transfer of this type . +1 We predict the covering fractions of strong HI absorbers ( $ N_ { \rm { HI } } \gtrsim 10^ { 17 } \rm { cm } ^ { -2 } $ ) inside haloes to increase rapidly with redshift but to depend only weakly on halo mass . For massive ( $ M_ { 200 } \gtrsim 10^ { 12 } { \rm M_ { \odot } } $ ) halos the covering fraction profiles are nearly scale-invariant and we provide fitting functions that reproduce the simulation results . +1 Distributed over five months , the RXTE observations were designed to search for long X-ray modulations over a few months . These observations indeed suggest the presence of a long cycle with P = 226 days and an amplitude of a factor of two . +0 Our first contribution is a general construction that reduces checking bisimilarity of probabilistic transition systems to checking bisimilarity of non-deterministic transition systems . Our definition of pPDA allows both probabilistic and non-deterministic branching , generalising the classical notion of pushdown automata ( without epsilon-transitions ) . +1 DCell can support millions of servers with high network capacity by only using commodity switches . With one exception , we prove that a $ k $ level DCell built with $ n $ port switches is Hamiltonian-connected for $ k \geq 0 $ and $ n \geq 2 $ . +1 We used an integral field unit to observe EELRs around two samples of of radio loud AGNs with similar radio properties but different orientations : a sample of quasars and a sample of radio galaxies . A morphological comparison suggests a scenario where the three-dimensional EELR gas distribution follows rough biconical shapes with wide opening angles . +0 By means of time-scale conversion , it is shown that there exists a `` correspondence '' among the self-similar solutions of the nonlinear Fokker-Planck equations associated with the different Tsallis formalisms . In the present letter we extend these results to a system which is out of equilibrium and evolves to a stationary state according to a nonlinear Fokker-Planck equation . +1 We investigate both experimentally and theoretically , the magneto-gyrotropic photogalvanic effect in zinc-blende based quantum wells with $ C_ { 2v } $ point-group symmetry using optical excitation in the terahertz frequency range . The investigated frequencies cause intra-subband but no inter-band and inter-subband transitions . +1 It is a closed loop of Dirac Z ( N ) flux and has strength k=1 , 2 , .. , N-1 . It is analyzed for generic k and small gauge coupling in the high temperature phase of { \cal N } =1 , 2 and 4 SUSY theory up and including cubic order . +0 The observed correlation rules out a magnetic field of constant strength throughout the cluster . We present a correlation between X-ray surface brightness and Faraday rotation measure in galaxy clusters , both , from radio and X-ray observations as well as from modeling of the intra-cluster medium . +0 Banks must meet certain standards in order to ensure a safe and secure banking environment for their customers . These measures are of paramount importance when considering vulnerabilities and causation in civil litigation . +1 We show that the Macdonald polynomials are invariant with respect to the bar involution defined abstractly on the representations of quantum groups . We also prove that the Macdonald scalar product coincides with the abstract Kashiwara form . +0 Multivariate pattern analysis methods are designed to examine complex relationships between high-dimensional signals , such as brain images , and outcomes of interest , such as the category of a stimulus , a type of a mental state of a subject , or a specific mental disorder . Modern multivariate statistical methods developed in the rapidly growing field of machine learning are being increasingly applied to various problems in neuroimaging , from cognitive state detection to clinical diagnosis and prognosis . +1 The goal of this dissertation is to study different approaches on the use of indirect biofeedback within videogames , with the purpose of creating a better human-computer interaction , and provide a more appealing and immersive user experience . For this , we focused on the development of a framework capable of testing different indirect biofeedback models within a specified game , in order to assess the effect of each of these variations on the user experience . +0 Globally , however , the model is not finite , because solutions tend to generate infinite fractals . This is achieved by limiting ourselves to straight pieces of string , surrounded by locally flat sections of space-time . +0 We study how the radial abundance gradients vary as a function of height above the plane and find that the metallicity ( [ alpha/Fe ] ) gradient becomes more positive ( negative ) with increasing height , changing sign around 1.5 kpc above the plane . We analyze the radial and vertical metallicity and [ alpha/Fe ] gradients of the disk stars of a disk galaxy simulated in a fully cosmological setting with the chemodynamical galaxy evolution code , GCD+ . +0 In this paper we further investigate this indicator , introduce a multiplicative version of it and are able to show many properties . Using this semigroup , they introduced a free divisibility indicator , from which one can know whether a probability measure is freely infinitely divisible or not . +0 Taking into account redshift space distortions , nonlinear evolution , the survey selection function , and discreteness and finite volume effects , all three catalogs show evidence for the dependence of the bispectrum on configuration shape predicted by gravitational instability . We compute the bispectrum for the galaxy distribution in the IRAS QDOT , 2Jy , and 1.2Jy redshift catalogs for wavenumbers 0.05 & lt ; k & lt ; 0.2 h/Mpc and compare the results with predictions from gravitational instability in perturbation theory . +1 It has been argued that this theory is stable up to a critical value of the `t Hooft coupling but is unstable beyond that point . We suggest that from the gauge theory point of view the development of instability is associated with singularity in the dimension of the operator corresponding to the tachyon field via the AdS/CFT map . +1 We review the application of the method of adiabatic regularization to the Klein-Gordon and Dirac fields in order to renormalize the expectation value of the current and derive a finite coupled set of ordinary differential equations for the time evolution of the system . Three time scales are involved in the problem and therefore caution is needed to achieve numerical stability for this system . +0 Traditional procedures such as the White and the Breusch-Pagan tests typically suffer from low sizes and powers . Testing heteroscedasticity of the errors is a major challenge in high-dimensional regressions where the number of covariates is large compared to the sample size . +0 We evaluate the moduli effective potential induced by bulk scalar fields in these models , and we show that generically this can stabilize the size of the extra dimensions . We concentrate on the case where an exponential warp factor ( depending on the distance along the orbifold ) accompanies the Minkowski $ M $ and the internal space $ \Sigma $ line elements . +1 There are some curves which do not occur in the singularity theory . In this article we describe the Casson invariant of A'Campo 's knots as a J^ { +/- } -type invariant of the immersed curves . +1 This ratio depends on the neutrino energy , density profile of the sources and on the oscillation parameters . The largely unknown flux normalization drops out of our calculation and only affects the statistics . +1 This effect can be attributed to the fact that the fluctuation spectrum for closed geometries is gapped , inhibiting the thermal excitation of modes at low temperatures . By contrast , open geometries support a thermal excitation of the low-lying modes in the gapless spectrum already at low temperatures . +1 All the topologies of the Feynman diagrams such as the non-factorizable spectator ones and the annihilation ones are calculated in the pQCD approach . It is of great interest to find that , contrary to the known $ B \to \pi \pi $ decays , the $ B \to a_0 a_0 $ decays are governed by the large non-factorizable contributions , which give rise to the large $ B \to a_0 a_0 $ decay rates in the order of $ 10^ { -6 } \sim 10^ { -5 } $ , although the $ a_0 $ meson has an extremely small vector decay constant $ f_ { a_0 } $ . +1 The specific shear viscosity $ \bar\eta $ of a classically rotating system of nucleons that interact via a monopole pairing interaction is calculated including the effects of thermal fluctuations and coupling to pair vibrations within the selfconsistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation . It is found that $ \bar\eta $ increases with angular momentum $ M $ at a given temperature $ T $ . +1 Testing heteroscedasticity of the errors is a major challenge in high-dimensional regressions where the number of covariates is large compared to the sample size . Traditional procedures such as the White and the Breusch-Pagan tests typically suffer from low sizes and powers . +0 However , those features fit very well together with the properties of the relevant field theories , and subsequently yielded the known dualities . Certain features of orientifolded NS-branes -such as their existence- were assumed in the original construction , which have not been verified directly . +0 The full equation additionally includes terms generated by a deviation from the paraxial approximation and by a longitudinal electric-field component in the beam . As this equation is very cumbersome , we also study , in parallel to it , its simplified version which keeps the most essential term : the term which accounts for the { \it nonlinear diffraction } . +0 To quantitatively validate this prediction , we have conducted a microfluidic experiment generating elastic turbulence , a flow characterised in the literature as smooth in space and random in time . This is reflected in the analysis of experimental results on tracer particles and the discussions which follow , as reported in recent experimental and numerical publications . +1 We examine whether the magnetorotational instability ( MRI ) can serve as a mechanism of angular momentum transport in circumplanetary disks . For the MRI to operate the ionization degree must be sufficiently high and the magnetic pressure must be sufficiently lower than the gas pressure . +0 The main result in the first case is a partial classification in dimension $ n\geq 4 $ . A main assumption that is employed is functional dependence of the soliton potential , with the conformal factor in the first case , and with the warping function in the second . +0 The outlined novel transient atomic exchange mechanism could be of general validity . No such extremely fast athermal concerted process has been reported before at ultra low temperatures . +1 There is no significant systematic difference in the lithium abundances of high- and low-alpha halo stars . For the large majority of stars with masses 0.7 & lt ; M/M_sun & lt ; 0.9 and heavy-element mass fractions 0.001 & lt ; Z & lt ; 0.006 , the Li abundance is well fitted by a relation A ( Li ) = a0 + a1 M + a2 Z + a3 M Z , where a0 , a1 , a2 , and a3 are constants . +0 Leveraging the extensive past research on airport departure management , this paper explores the environmental and safety benefits that improved surveillance technologies can bring in the context of gate- or spot-release strategies . It is also a source of increased emissions and delays , and does not yield improved runway throughput . +0 We will contrast the classical generation mechanism of averaging intensity profiles with a new approach based on Bayesian inference . We examine pulsar template generation with Bayesian methods . +1 A contribution of the ultrapower characterization was that it involved sorting out the global theory , and introducing nonforking , seminal for the development of stability theory . Prior to the present paper , there had been no such characterization of an unstable class . +1 The young massive stellar object G35.20-0.74 was observed in the mid-infrared using T-ReCS on Gemini South . Previous observations have shown that the near infrared emission has a fan-like morphology that is consistent with emission from the northern lobe of a bipolar radio jet known to be associated with this source . +0 The procedure for finding the corresponding mapping coefficients is iterative . Here , a new multiparameter conformal mapping method is presented that can map any arbitrary section onto a unit circle with good accuracy . +0 We initially detect 7 candidate sources with signal-to-noise ratios ( SNRs ) between 3.0 and 3.5 and 4 candidate sources with SNR & gt ; 3.5 . We present an 850-micron map and list of candidate sources in a 70 arcmin^2 sub-area of the Groth Strip observed using SCUBA . +0 We complete here the calculation of the chiral effective operators by analyzing the four point functions . In a previous work , we analyzed the non-decoupling effects in the two and three point Green 's functions of gauge fields . +0 The observation strategy has been carefully designed to provide even sampling on these three basic timescales and to provide a uniform sampling among the quasars We have found clear evidence that the X-ray steep , narrow H_beta , quasars systematically show larger amplitude variations than the X-ray flat broad H_beta quasars on timescales from 2 days to 20 days . The quasars were chosen to lie at the two extreme ends of the ROSAT PSPC spectral index distribution and hence of the H $ \beta $ FWHM distribution . +0 The graded eigenvalue approach leads to an expression for $ X_2 ( r ) $ which is valid for all values of the parameter $ \lambda $ governing the strength of the GUE admixture on the unfolded scale . By means of two alternative superanalytic approaches , the coset method and the graded eigenvalue method , we derive the two-level correlation function $ X_2 ( r ) $ and the number variance $ \Sigma^2 ( r ) $ . +0 Bragg scattering and coupling between angular and radial motion are believed to make this stability possible . This is very different from the behavior in continuum . +0 This punctuation mark was imported from the Continent in the 16th century . use it to mark the plural in symbols or abbreviations , visual-ised thanks to the isolation of the morpheme `` s '' . +1 New observational facilities are becoming increasingly capable of observing reflected light from transiting and directly imaged extrasolar planets . In this study , we provide an analytic framework to interpret observed phase curves , geometric albedos , and polarization of giant planet atmospheres . +0 Thus , it is our belief that it is now time for researchers and security experts to turn to nature in the search for novel inspirations for defense systems . However , current countermeasures seem to be no longer effective . +0 The users are first allowed to negotiate for the use of a simple Han-Kobayashi type scheme with fixed power split . In the scenario investigated here , each user is willing to coordinate its actions only when an incentive exists and benefits of cooperation are fairly allocated . +0 Prior to our work , the best known algorithm by Frederickson could perform the task with $ \Theta ( N ) $ bits of extra space in $ O ( N \lg^ { * } N ) $ time . We prove that the linear-time prune-and-search algorithm -- -presented in most textbooks on algorithms -- -can be modified to use $ \Theta ( N ) $ bits instead of $ \Theta ( N ) $ words of extra space . +0 We find that various fields have the same absorption probability as that of the dilaton-axion system , which is given exactly via the Mathieu equation . The absorption in the extremal D3-brane background is studied for a class of massless fields whose linear perturbations leave the ten-dimensional background metric unperturbed , as well as the minimally-coupled massive scalar . +1 Paired electrons , however , can not form a superconducting condensate spontaneously . These paired electrons perform disorderly zero-point oscillations and there are no force of attraction in their ensemble . +1 Optimized geometries are found by using a mix of classical-quantum semiempirical computations . According with the simulations results , the local curvature of the nanoribbons increases at the defect sites , specially for a higher number of half-twists . +1 We introduce growth and culling probabilities appropriate for condensation and evaporation on a two-dimensional surface , and compare results with existing models for this problem . Our results show very interesting behaviour , under certain conditions quite different from earlier models . +0 The weakening of the intergrain region allowed the use of very small magnetic fields and currents to induce the resistive transition of the specimen and to observe current noise . Experiments were performed on a YBCO specimen suitably treated in order to weaken the weak links without affecting the oxygen content of grains . +1 This model is an example of a spatial game in which players located on the~ $ d $ -dimensional integer lattice are characterized by one of two possible strategies and update their strategy at rate one by mimicking one of their neighbors chosen at random with a probability proportional to the neighbor 's payoff . To understand the role of space in the form of local interactions , the process is compared with its non-spatial deterministic counterpart for well-mixing populations , which is described by the replicator equation . +0 However , this assumption neglects the fact that polarized Galactic foregrounds in a given portion of the sky may have non-zero $ EB $ and $ TB $ cross-spectra . The self-calibration method exploits the theoretical fact that the $ EB $ and $ TB $ cross-spectra of the CMB vanish in the standard cosmological model , so any detected $ EB $ and $ TB $ signals must be due to systematic errors . +0 The scheme relies on the use of time-dependent , radio frequency-induced adiabatic potentials . We discuss a method to create two-dimensional traps as well as atomic shell , or bubble , states for a Bose-Einstein condensate initially prepared in a conventional magnetic trap . +0 This increase of eccentricity reduces the merging timescale of the binary through the gravitational radiation to the value well below the Hubble Time . In recent numerical simulations \citep { matsubayashi07 , lockmann08 } , it has been found that the eccentricity of supermassive black hole ( SMBH ) - intermediate black hole ( IMBH ) binaries grows toward unity through interactions with stellar background . +0 In this talk , we first give a brief historical account of planet hunting and dark matter evidence . Motivated to measure the QED vacuum birefringence and to detect pseudoscalar-photon interaction , we started to build up the Q & amp ; A experiment ( QED [ Quantum Electrodynamics ] and Axion experiment ) in 1994 . +0 We consider the extension of classical 2-dimensional topological quantum field theories to Klein topological quantum field theories which allow unorientable surfaces . This thesis is concerned with the application of operadic methods , particularly modular operads , to questions arising in the study of moduli spaces of surfaces as well as applications to the study of homotopy algebras and new constructions of 'quantum invariants ' of manifolds inspired by ideas originating from physics . +0 In this architecture , the model generates spatial highlights of each category presented in an image using an attention model , and subsequently generates foreground segmentation for each highlighted region using decoder . To make the segmentation knowledge transferrable across categories , we design a decoupled encoder-decoder architecture with attention model . +0 A local spin-wave excitation using a microstructured antenna is realized in one of the domains . Using magnetic force microscopy , the reversible preparation of a Landau state with four magnetic domains separated by N\'eel domain walls is confirmed . +1 At $ \tilde { T } =0.33 $ , we observe a transition between two patterns of behavior : For $ \tilde { T } =0.33-2.15 $ , we find that the heat capacity closely corresponds to that of a trapped normal Fermi gas of atoms with increased mass . At low temperatures $ \tilde { T } =0.04-0.33 $ , the heat capacity clearly deviates from normal Fermi gas behavior . +1 The ternary and quaternary films were grown at 620 C. Different alloy compositions were obtained by varying the Al and Ga fluxes . The alloy composition was measured by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy ( EDX ) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ( RBS ) . +0 Starting from a Fermi liquid theory , similar to that for a weak ferromagnet , we show that this excitation emerges from an exotic magnetic Fermi liquid state that is protected by a generalized Pomeranchuck condition . We find an exotic spin excitation in a magnetically ordered system with spin orbit magnetism in 2D , where the order parameter has a net spin current and no net magnetization . +0 The two lowest three-body bound states resemble a slightly contracted $ ^ { 8 } \text { Be } $ nucleus outside the core . We find in all cases that the alpha-particles are located at the surface of the core-nucleus as dictated by Coulomb and centrifugal barriers . +1 The property has been studied in limited dimensions and the generalization in arbitrary dimensions is not straight-forward . In this Letter , we prove a useful formula , which makes it possible to investigate this conjectured universality in arbitrary dimensions for the maximally symmetric black holes in general Lovelock gravity and $ f ( R ) $ gravity . +0 The DNL procedure gives rise to the path delay operator , which associates a vector of path flows ( path departure rates ) with the corresponding path travel costs . As a key component of continuous-time DUE models , DNL aims at describing and predicting the spatial-temporal evolution of traffic flows on a network that is consistent with established route and departure time choices of travelers , by introducing appropriate dynamics to flow propagation , flow conservation , and travel delays . +1 In most cases this HI is distributed in large ( up to 190 kpc ) and massive ( up to M ( HI ) ~ 10^10 M ( sun ) ) disk- or ring-like structures , that show fairly regular rotation around the host galaxy . This suggests that in these systems a major merger did occur , but at least several Gyr ago . +0 With the exception of a few 'self-referencing ' sources these faint-target observations will benefit from the available off-axis wavefront-correction system . Further the observations of external galactic nuclei will allow unprecedented measurements of physical parameters ( i.e.structure and luminosity ) in these systems . +1 This makes parameter estimation and a fully Bayesian treatment of discrete Markov random fields difficult . We apply approximation theory for pseudo-Boolean functions to binary Markov random fields and construct approximations and upper and lower bounds for the associated computationally intractable normalising constant . +0 We combine our measurements with previously published data so that we can more finely sample the stellar halo . We measure the three components of velocity dispersion , $ \sigma_ { R } , \sigma_ { \theta } , \sigma_ { \phi } $ , for stars within 6 & lt ; R & lt ; 30 kpc of the Milky Way using a new radial velocity sample from the MMT telescope . +1 Here we present a SED catalog of 413 X-ray ( \xmm ) selected type 1 ( emission line FWHM $ & gt ; 2000 $ km s $ ^ { -1 } $ ) AGN with Magellan , SDSS or VLT spectrum . The SEDs are corrected for the Galactic extinction , for broad emission line contributions , constrained variability , and for host galaxy contribution . +1 The gravitational field produced by relativistic domain walls can be exactly solved in both sides of the correspondence , and thus provides one further check of it . We show in the two sides that for the most symmetric case , the wall motion does not lead to particle production of the CFT fields . +1 In this article we investigate the counting statistics of rare quantum trajectories of an undriven system undergoing a pure relaxation process , namely , Markovian exciton transport . We find that dynamical crossovers occur in systems with a minimum of three interacting molecules , and are strongly activated by exciton delocalization and interference . +0 Our aim is to develop a software tool that screens TCGA data sets for genes/miRNAs with functional involvement in specific cancers . These data sets include expression microarrays for genes and microRNAs -- short , non-coding strands of RNA that downregulate gene expression through RNA interference -- as well as days_to_death and days_to_last_followup fields for each tumor sample . +0 We confirm that V524 Mon is a W-type contact system , likely enclosed in a common convective envelope , as found by Samec & amp ; Loflin ( 2003 ) . We estimate the radii and the masses and derive a mass ratio M_2/M_1 = 2.1 . +1 Note that $ r $ depends on both halo mass and age . In this new approach , some of the objects which were initially considered low-mass peaks belong to regions with higher overdensities . +0 We present results confirming the intermediate metallic phase , and show that the Luttinger liquid correlation exponent K_rho & gt ; 1 in this region , indicating dominant superconducting pair correlations . However , there has been speculation that a third metallic phase exists between the Peierls and Mott phases . +0 We express the Krawtchouk coefficients of the corresponding MacWilliams transformation in terms of the combinatorial invariants of the underlying lattice , and show that the most relevant weight functions studied in coding theory belong , up to equivalence , to the class that we introduce . The weights are obtained composing a suitable support map with the rank function of a graded lattice that satisfies certain regularity properties . +1 Based on the rather old ages ( $ \sim 100 $ Myr ) , masses , sizes of the two clusters and their projected separation , we conclude that the cluster pair must have been born with an initial separation of 15 -- 20 pc . Clusters with a smaller initial separation tend to merge in $ \aplt 60 $ Myr due to loss of angular momentum from escaping stars . +0 The main goal of this paper is to analyze the most critical Bluetooth attacks in real scenarios . Exponential growth of the volume of Bluetooth-enabled devices indicates that it has become a popular way of wireless interconnections for exchanging information . +1 This provides a well-defined method to compute the generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants . This method can be generalized to other affine ADE quiver theories . +1 We propose a theory of three-dimensional ( anti ) de Sitter gravity carrying Chan-Paton color charges . We define the theory by Chern-Simons formulation with the gauge algebra $ ( \mathfrak { gl } _ { 2 } \oplus \mathfrak { gl } _ { 2 } ) \otimes \mathfrak { u } ( N ) $ , obtaining a color-decorated version of interacting spin-one and spin-two fields . +1 Then , we obtained a spectrum in the H-band ( with SofI at the NTT ) of this companion showing that it has spectral type M1-3 , consistent with being a companion of HD 358623 A ( K7-M0 ) . Also , a companion candidate with a 1 arcsecond offset being 2 mag fainter than HD 199143 is detected . +0 We coupled these abundances with previously derived abundance of O , Na , Mg to fully characterize the interplay of the NeNa and MgAl cycles of H-burning at high temperature in the early stellar generation in NGC 1851 . Aluminum abundances were derived from the strong doublet Al I 8772-8773 A measured on intermediate resolution FLAMES spectra of 50 cluster stars acquired under the Gaia-ESO public survey . +0 There exists a parameter range in which one solution has all vertex coefficients real , as required for a physical solution , and a narrower range in which the transverse-gluon and massless-quark propagators both exhibit complex-conjugate pole pairs . The observed near decoupling of the four-gluon conditions permits a solution to the 2-and-3-point conditions within an effective one-parameter freedom . +1 Previous theoretical and experimental estimates for the polarizabilities are given . All diagrams are calculated by expanding the photon wavefunctions into partial waves and using realistic deuteron wavefunctions . +1 This paper focuses on the distributed reconstruction of a time-varying bandlimited graph signal based on observations sampled at a subset of selected nodes . A distributed least square reconstruction ( DLSR ) algorithm is proposed to recover the unknown signal iteratively , by allowing neighboring nodes to communicate with one another and make fast updates . +1 Using quasiparticle self-consistent $ GW $ calculations we examined the electronic structure of LaNiO $ _3 $ and the LaNiO $ _3 $ /LaAlO $ _3 $ superlattice . The effects of electron correlation in Ni- $ d $ bands were reasonably well described without any { \it ad hoc } parameter and without the ambiguity related to the double-counting and downfolding issues . +0 We find that the front propagation process is controlled by one-sided barriers that are either fixed in the laboratory frame ( time-independent flows ) or oscillate periodically ( periodically driven flows ) . We present theory and experiments on the dynamics of reaction fronts in two-dimensional , vortex-dominated flows , for both time-independent and periodically driven cases . +0 It is shown that there is a intimate relation between the similarity problems and the existence of positive invertible elements in these noncommutative cones and the corresponding Berezin kernels . An important role in this paper is played by a class of noncommutative cones associated with positive linear maps , the Fourier type representation of their elements , and the constrained noncommutative Berezin transforms associated with these elements . +0 On the other hand , the average mass of the MHOs will be determined to better than about 30 % accuracy from N\approx 100 events for any slope . Outside this range the errors grow rapidly making the inference difficult even at very large numbers of events ( N\approx 10000 ) . +1 Using linear response and asymptotic methods for pairs of unconnected integrate-and-fire ( IF ) neurons receiving white noise inputs , we show that this correlation transfer depends on the output spike firing rate in a strong , stereotyped manner , and is , surprisingly , almost independent of the interspike variance . For cells receiving heterogeneous inputs , we further show that correlation increases with the geometric mean spiking rate in the same stereotyped manner , greatly extending the generality of this relationship . +1 The observations were taken approximately once per day between 2009 May and 2011 April . Each image covers 11.8 square degrees and has 100 arcsecond FWHM resolution . +1 We present and interpret new X-ray data for M33SNR21 , the brightest X-ray supernova remnant ( SNR ) in M33 . The SNR is in seen projection against ( and appears to be interacting with ) the bright HII region NGC592 . +1 We find that this expansion is only consistent for tachyon fields which are polynomials . In that case , we show that the theory is renormalized by normal ordering the interaction . +1 After a few gigayears , when enough gas accumulates within the accretion shock , the de Vaucouleurs stellar system is constructed and the energy from Type II supernovae is released . The stars and dark halo are matched to NGC 4472 . +1 X-ray point-source detections are reported for 22 of 177 observed galaxies , down to a limit of f_ ( 0.5-8 keV ) ~ 5x10^-15 erg cm^-2 s^-1 , corresponding to a limiting luminosity of L_ ( 0.5-8 keV ) ~3x10^40 erg s^-1 . With the majority of the X-ray sources attributed to AGNs of low-to-moderate levels ( L/L_Edd & gt ; ~10^-4 ) , we discuss the detection rate in the context of the occupation of AGNs to halos of this mass scale and redshift , and compare the structural/morphological properties between AGN-active and non-active galaxies of different rank and location within the group halos . +0 The test has the virtue that it does not rely on the assumption that the LRG sample has a finite mean density ; its results show , however , that there \emph { is } such a mean density . First , the mean number $ N ( R ) $ of LRGs within completely surveyed LRG-centered spheres of comoving radius $ R $ is shown to be proportional to $ R^3 $ at radii greater than $ R\sim 70 h^ { -1 } \mathrm { Mpc } $ . +1 These expressions are obtained by matching wave functions at the interfaces between the regions , where quasiparticles have constant but different potential energies . It is shown that for an $ U_0 $ high barrier and low-energy electrons and holes , the mode transmission of charge carriers in this type of ribbons is described by the textbook formula , where the constant barrier is replaced by an effective , energy-dependent barrier , $ U_0\to U ( E ) $ . +0 dumb holes ) , we study Hawking radiation in the presence of a modified dispersion relation which becomes super-luminal at large wave-numbers . Inspired by the condensed matter analogues of black holes ( a.k.a . +1 Radio relics are Mpc-scale diffuse synchrotron sources found in galaxy cluster outskirts . They are believed to be associated with large-scale shocks propagating through the intra-cluster medium , although the connection between radio relics and the cluster merger shocks is not yet proven conclusively . +1 The radiation observed by blazars is believed to originate from the transformation of bulk kinetic energy of relativistic jets into random energy . A simple way to achieve this is to have an intermittent central power source , producing shells of plasma with different bulk Lorentz factors . +1 Despite the fact that the regenerator has a fixed length one can obtain different values for the probability distribution of the $ K_L $ decay into a final state . Using a two-arm regenerator set up it is possible to measure the imaginary parts of the $ K^0 ( \bar { K } ^0 ) $ -nucleon scattering amplitudes in the correlated decays of the $ \phi $ -resonance . +0 When a metamaterial is built and illuminated with a coherent extraordinary laser beam , the stationary pattern of light propagation inside the metamaterial may be treated as a collection of particle world lines , which represents a complete history of this 2+1 dimensional spacetime . Hyperbolic metamaterials may be used to model a 2+1 dimensional Minkowski spacetime in which the role of time is played by one of the spatial coordinates . +0 These two conditions makes our model more restrictive and predictive . In the SO ( 10 ) GUT framework , we impose the D-parity realization below GUT scale . +0 We considered one head-on collision and one off-axis collision between two 0.6 M_sun main sequence stars . We performed high-resolution simulations of two stellar collisions relevant for stars in globular clusters . +0 Accordingly , these networks can exhibit optimal synchronization properties through fine tuning of the local interaction strength as a function of node degree [ Motter , Zhou , and Kurths , Phys.Rev . Here we find that bearings can be perceived as physical realizations of complex networks of oscillators with asymmetrically weighted couplings . +0 The energy shifts can be interpreted in terms of necessary domains of energy to excite typical nuclear processes . In this communication , we show that the resonances can be derived by shifted Gaussian functions , whereas the unspecific nuclear interaction compounds can be represented by an error function , which also provides the asymptotic behavior . +1 Here , we present an optimized procedure to fabricate single-crystal , all-diamond scanning probes starting from commercially available diamond and show a highly efficient and robust approach for integrating these devices in a generic atomic force microscope . Our scanning probes consisting of a scanning nanopillar ( 200 nm diameter , $ 1-2\ , \mu $ m length ) on a thin ( $ & lt ; 1\mu $ m ) cantilever structure , enable efficient light extraction from diamond in combination with a high magnetic field sensitivity ( $ \mathrm { \eta_ { AC } } \approx50\pm20\ , \mathrm { nT } /\sqrt { \mathrm { Hz } } $ ) . +0 Using the symmetries of the problem , we derive a law of large numbers , a central limit theorem and a large deviation principle for both loads with explicit expressions . We analyze the asymptotic properties of these allocations as the number of objects grows to infinity . +0 Therefore , there has been much interest in inexact gradient methods ( IGMs ) , in which an efficiently computable approximate gradient is used to perform the update in each iteration . Although the gradient descent method is a natural choice for this task , it requires exact gradient computations and hence can be inefficient when the problem size is large or the gradient is difficult to evaluate . +0 Jc and hence Fp decreased monotonically but not linearly with grain size . Grain size increased with HT time at both 600C and 700C . +0 The phenomenon is related to the statistical dependence of the components of transformed random force caused by the simultaneous influence of magnetic field and anisotropic dissipation . However , in a larger magnetic field this relaxation becomes oscillating . +0 The architecture for encoding and decoding was implemented with an electronic health record . The developed system uses spread spectrum image steganography algorithm with Advanced Encryption Standard ( AES ) key implementation to provide a secure means of delivering medical prescription to the parties involved . +1 Dihadron azimuthal angle correlations relative to the reaction plane have been investigated in Au + Au collisions at $ \sqrt { s_ { NN } } $ = 200 GeV using a multi-phase transport model ( AMPT ) . Such reaction plane azimuthal angle dependent correlations can shed light on path-length effect of energy loss of high transverse momentum particles propagating through the hot dense medium . +1 First , the mean number $ N ( R ) $ of LRGs within completely surveyed LRG-centered spheres of comoving radius $ R $ is shown to be proportional to $ R^3 $ at radii greater than $ R\sim 70 h^ { -1 } \mathrm { Mpc } $ . The test has the virtue that it does not rely on the assumption that the LRG sample has a finite mean density ; its results show , however , that there \emph { is } such a mean density . +1 If the correlation length is finite , the estimators stay finite for large system sizes . If the correlation length diverges , so do the estimators . +0 As an application , we show that there is no bound on the order of edge-stabilisers in locally $ [ L_1 , L_2 ] $ graphs . Given nontrivial finite transitive permutation groups $ L_1 $ and $ L_2 $ with $ L_1 $ not semiprimitive , we construct an infinite family of rank two amalgams of permutation type $ [ L_1 , L_2 ] $ and Borel subgroups of strictly increasing order . +0 An action for a fluid of relativistic particles ( with and without spin ) is given in terms of the Lorentz and Poincare ( or de Sitter ) groups . We explore this formulation further in this paper . +0 As PO2 decreased , the growth behavior was changed from a 2-dimensional layer-by-layer-like growth to a 3-dimensional island-like one , which resulted in an increase in the saturation magnetization . The oxygen partial pressure , PO2 , during the growth was systematically varied . +0 No statistically significant signal for chi_c2 production is observed in either case . We obtain Br [ B- & gt ; chi_c1 ( direct ) X ] = ( 3.83+-0.31+-0.40 ) *10^-3 . +1 First , we present an overview of the RF-EHNs including system architecture , RF energy harvesting techniques and existing applications . Then , we present the background in circuit design as well as the state-of-the-art circuitry implementations , and review the communication protocols specially designed for RF-EHNs . +1 We show that if the GRB outflow is proton loaded , spectral energy distribution of this emission is expected to sharply peak in 0.1-1~MeV energy band . If the small pitch angle synchrotron emission efficiently cools relativistic particles of the outflow , its spectrum below the peak energy is a powerlaw with spectral index alpha ~ -1 , close to the typical spectral index of the time-resolved GRB spectra . +1 An increasingly popular type of wireless access is the so-called Wireless Mesh Networks ( WMNs ) that provide wireless connectivity through much cheaper and more flexible backhaul infrastructure compared with wired solutions . Wireless Mesh Network ( WMN ) is an emerging new technology which is being adopted as the wireless internetworking solution for the near future . +1 The process $ E $ is , in general , non-Markovian with non-stationary and non-independent increments . We derive a partial differential equation for the Laplace transform of the $ n $ -time tail distribution function $ P [ E ( t_1 ) & gt ; s_1 , ... , E ( t_n ) & gt ; s_n ] $ , and show that this PDE has a unique solution given natural boundary conditions . +0 We see a Cronin-like enhancement in d+Au collisions at midrapidity , going to a strong suppression at eta & gt ; = 2 . In this contribution I will show how these factors evolve with pseudorapidity and collision centrality . +1 The wavelet transform is a hierarchical technique designed to separate data sets into sets representing local averages and local differences . Although one-to-one transformations of data sets are possible , the advantage of the wavelet transform is as an approximation scheme for the efficient calculation of thermodynamic and ensemble properties . +0 The random sample mean is discussed as a universal award . An award value depends on the number of times the game is played . +0 In this sense , the multi-surface cyclic plasticity approach , developed by Iwan in 1967 but linked to Prandtl or Preisach theoretical work , is an interesting choice : the only data needed is the modulus reduction curve . However , one of the main difficulties of complex rheologies is the large number of parameters needed to describe the model . +1 In this paper , we take the Toeplitz and Virasoro approach for a fairly large class of symbols , leading to a systematic and simple way of generating such recursion relations . The latter are very naturally expressed in terms of the $ L $ -matrices appearing in the Lax pair for the Toeplitz lattice equations . +0 Here we introduce an automated workflow for processing large multiview , multi-channel , multi-illumination time-lapse LSFM data on a single workstation or in parallel on a HPC . The consecutive processing steps can be easily automated and the individual time points can be processed independently , which lends itself to trivial parallelization on a high performance cluster ( HPC ) . +1 We compute their spectra using Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization and use the AdS/CFT correspondence to relate them to anomalous dimensions in the dual field theory at strong coupling , expressed as a series expansion in powers of 1/N . These effects resemble those due to $ k $ -body forces between quarks in Hartree-Fock models of baryons at large $ N $ . +1 We present isotropic and anisotropic Jeans-models and give a morphological description of the companion dwarf galaxy . The globular cluster system has about 2000 members , so it is not as rich as those of giant ellipticals in galaxy clusters with a comparable stellar mass , but richer than many cluster systems of other isolated ellipticals . +1 LLAGN accretion disks should thus co-exist with thousands to millions of stars or proto-stars left from the previous stronger accretion activity . In principle , these stars may produce several important effects : ( i ) contribute to the optical/UV spectra of some LLAGN ; ( ii ) reprocessing of the stellar radiation in the dusty disks could dominate the LLAGN infra-red spectra ; ( iii ) deplete the ( accretion ) gas disk much faster than it can accrete onto the supper-massive black hole ( SMBH ) ; ( iv ) stars , individually or in groups , may slow down and modulate the accretion flow significantly due to their inertia . +0 This approach gives exact results , and fully takes into account quantum phonon effects without relying on a Hilbert space truncation . We use the continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo method to study the real-time evolution of charge and spin correlation functions of a Peierls insulator after a quench to a noninteracting Hamiltonian . +1 We present results on dielectron production in Ar+KCl collisions at 1.76A GeV . For the first time $ \omega $ mesons could be reconstructed in a heavy-ion reaction at a bombarding energy which is well below the production threshold in free nucleon-nucleon collisions . +1 We investigate the dependence of pulse amplitudes of accreting millisecond pulsars on the masses of the neutron stars . Because the pulsation amplitudes are suppressed as the neutron stars become more massive , the probability of detection of pulsations decreases in systems that have been accreting for a long time . +1 IRAS 16293-2422 was observed with the extended Submillimeter Array ( eSMA ) resulting in subarcsecond resolution ( 0.46 '' x 0.29 '' , i.e. $ \sim $ 55 $ \times $ 35~AU ) images of compact emission from the C $ ^ { 17 } $ O ( 3-2 ) and C $ ^ { 34 } $ S ( 7-6 ) transitions at 337~GHz ( 0.89~mm ) . To recover the more extended emission we have combined the eSMA data with SMA observations of the same molecules . +1 The rings whose simple right modules are absolutely pure are called right $ SAP $ -rings . We give a new characterization of right $ SAP $ rings , right $ V $ rings , and von Neumann regular rings . +0 We introduce the tropical variety of a polynomial ideal , and we identify it with a polyhedral subcomplex of the Grobner fan . In tropical algebraic geometry , the solution sets of polynomial equations are piecewise-linear . +0 Starting from this system of equations we have first performed a linear analysis from which we have analytically rederived the known gravity-capillary dispersion relation in the limit of vanishing mixing energy density and capillary width . The phase field model obeys a Cahn -- Hilliard equation and is two-way coupled to the standard Navier -- Stokes equations . +1 We find a large temperature range with linearly increasing resistivity and broad dynamical conductivity , signaling a breakdown of Boltzmann-Drude quasiparticle transport theory . At zero temperature , a high frequency peak in the dynamical conductivity appears above a `` Higgs mass '' gap , and corresponds to order parameter magnitude fluctuations . +0 The result is an amplitude-dependent elastic band structure that may be used to elucidate the interplay between the waveform steepening and spreading effects that emerge due to the nonlinearity and periodicity , respectively . Considering longitudinal waves , the exact dispersion relation in each homogeneous layer is first obtained and subsequently used within the transfer matrix method to derive an approximate dispersion relation for the overall periodic medium . +0 However , these Higgs couplings are allowed to have sizable deviations from SM for ( $ m_h= $ 125.5 GeV , 125.5 $ \leq m_H\leq $ 128 GeV ) and ( 125 GeV $ \leq m_h\leq $ 125.5 GeV , $ m_H= $ 125.5 GeV ) . The model can provide the marginally better fit to available Higgs signals data than SM , which requires the Higgs couplings with gauge bosons , $ u\bar { u } $ and $ d\bar { d } $ to be properly suppressed , and favors ( 1 & lt ; \theta_d & lt ; 2 , 0.5 & lt ; \theta_l & lt ; 2.2 ) for $ m_h= $ 125.5 GeV and ( 0.5 & lt ; \theta_d & lt ; 2 , 0.5 & lt ; \theta_l & lt ; 2.2 ) for $ m_H= $ 125.5 GeV . +0 In contrast to the smooth transition in dissipative Josephson junctions , our analysis shows that treating these interactions in a self consistent manner leads to a very sharp transition with a critical resistance of $ R_Q= h/ ( 4e^2 ) $ . We study theoretically the effect of interactions between quantum phase slips in a short superconducting wire beyond the dilute phase slip approximation . +1 A reference presentation , prepared by a coordinated pool of leading scientists in the field , was available to speakers . In response to feedbacks and suggestions , we upgraded it to a `` Presentation Review '' of which we provide here the Explanatory Notes , the link to the .pptx file , and some image of the slides . +1 In Sec.2 we formulate the following problem : `` does every cyclic Hilbert space embed into $ L^2 ( M , \tau ) $ , for some $ M $ ? `` . An affirmative answer would imply the existence of an algorithm to check Connes ' embedding Conjecture . +1 We suggest several possible explanations , but are forced to reject them all , and are left puzzled . To obtain a reliable metallicity distribution in the Galactic bulge based on microlensed dwarf stars it will be necessary to resolve this issue through the course of additional observations . +1 Automatic headline generation is an important research area within text summarization and sentence compression . Recently , neural headline generation models have been proposed to take advantage of well-trained neural networks in learning sentence representations and mapping sequence to sequence . +1 Because all particles occupy a single spatial mode , this quantum many body system has a well defined classical limit consisting of three degrees of freedom , corresponding to the three macroscopically occupied spin states . We study both the classical limit and its quantization , finding an integrable system in both cases . +0 The obtained results are compared to those found with the so-called saddle-point approach . The phase diagram and other equilibrium observables , obtained from the real part of the effective potential , are calculated in the mean-field approximation . +1 The exact renormalization group ( RG ) fixed-point map and perturbation static expressions match the corresponding expressions for the dynamics of iterates . The time evolution is universal in the RG sense and the non-extensive entropy $ S_ { Q } $ associated to the fixed-point map is maximum with respect to that of the other maps in its basin of attraction . +1 The most important class of braided vector spaces arising from groups is the class of braided vector spaces ( CX , c^q ) , where C is the field of complex numbers , X is a rack and q is a 2-cocycle on X with values in C^* . Racks and cohomology of racks appeared also in the work of topologists . +1 Chiral effective field theory complements numerical simulations of quantum chromodynamics ( QCD ) on a space-time lattice . It provides a model-independent formalism for connecting lattice simulation results at finite volume and a variety of quark masses to the physical world . +1 Tensors have found application in a variety of fields , ranging from chemometrics to signal processing and beyond . In this paper , we consider the problem of multilinear modeling of sparse count data . +1 Our results cover all the matrix elements required to estimate the partial lifetimes of ( proton , neutron ) $ \to $ ( $ \pi , K , \eta $ ) + ( $ { \bar \nu } , e^+ , \mu^+ $ ) decay modes . We point out the necessity of disentangling two form factors that contribute to the matrix element ; previous calculations did not make the separation , which led to an underestimate of the physical matrix elements . +1 This leads to the observation of half integer quantum hall effect and the absence of localization . The latter is attractive for graphene-based field effect transistors . +0 We show how braiding can be efficiently implemented in this setup and propose a direct way to demonstrate the non-Abelian nature of Majorana fermions via a single parity measurement . A topological qubit subspace is defined using Majorana fermions which emerge in a network of atomic Kitaev one-dimensional wires . +1 Moreover , there are not only transverse but also longitudinal couplings between the external magnetic fields and the SFQs when the inversion symmetry of potential energy is broken . The longitudinal coupling would induce some new phenomena in the SFQs . +1 The domains being close to the walls are lamellar-ordered , where the hydrodynamic effects dominate . The patterns in the bulk of the system are nearly isotropic , where the domain growth results mainly from the diffusion mechanism . +0 Although many particle physics models have been shown to be able to account for this signal , the fact that this particle has not yet been observed in direct detection experiments somewhat restricts the nature of its interactions . The gamma-ray excess observed from the Galactic Center can be interpreted as dark matter particles annihilating into Standard Model fermions with a cross section near that expected for a thermal relic . +0 The reason of the fluctuation is considered to be the multi-pacting in the SHB cavity . In the linac , beam instability caused by the fluctuated amplitude and phase of SHBs has been observed . +1 We consider the problem of approximate sampling from the finite volume Gibbs measure with a general pair interaction . We exhibit a parallel dynamics ( Probabilistic Cellular Automaton ) which efficiently implements the sampling . +0 After a critical review of the theoretical predictions and their experimental verification , we continue with a set of experimental results that challenge our present understanding , and outline the importance of filling also this last gap in the theory . It will be shown that perturbative treatments must be discarded , and replaced by a more sophisticated formalism where the dynamics of the nanomagnet and the nuclei that couple to it are treated together from the beginning . +1 We have observed the growth of the Papaloizou-Pringle instability for a range of torus configurations and the resultant formation of m=1 planets . We have also observed the quenching of this instability in the presence of early accretion flows ; however , in one simulation both early accretion and planet formation occurred . +1 We show that there are two types of such Julia sets $ J_P $ . The \emph { red dwarf } $ J_P $ are nowhere connected im kleinen and such that the intersection of all impressions of external angles is a continuum containing $ p $ and the orbits of all critical images . +1 The 4-500keV energy range is used to constrain the underlying continuum and the reflection at higher energies . We first investigate the data by applying a phenomenological model that consists of the sum of an exponentially cutoff power law and relativistically smeared reflection . +0 However , a simple constant surface density criterion for star formation gives an equally superior description . We show that the velocity dispersion of the cool component ( ~4 km/s ) when used with a Toomre-Q criterion gives an optimal description of ongoing star formation in NGC 6822 , superior to that using the more conventional dispersion value of 6 km/s . +0 We also studied morphological disturbances in the stellar light from HST/F814W images , finding that the fraction of morphologically disturbed galaxies is similar in all environments . The fraction of kinematically-disturbed galaxies increases with cluster velocity dispersion and decreases with distance from the cluster centre , but remains constant with projected galaxy density . +1 When the theories are defined on AdS ( 4 ) space-time there are boundary manifestations of the duality , which for the case of gravity account for the energy-momentum/Cotton tensor duality ( also known as dual graviton correspondence ) . For AdS ( 4 ) black-hole backgrounds there is no direct analogue of gravitational duality on the bulk , but there is still a boundary duality for quasi-normal modes satisfying a selected set of boundary conditions . +0 To analyze the singular set , we formulate some { \em extension } theorems , which describe how the characteristic curves meet the singular set . As a differential equation , the p-minimal surface equation is degenerate ( hyperbolic and elliptic ) . +0 Such an orbit would enable measurement of the microlens parallax , \pi_e , for events with moderately low impact parameters , \beta & lt ; ~ 0.05 , which encompass a disproportionate share of planetary detections . I show that for a substantial fraction of planets detected in a space-based survey , it would be possible to measure the planet and host masses and distances , if the survey satellite were placed in geosynchronous orbit . +0 Most ecologies evolve to essentially full cooperative behavior , but when agents are intolerant of defections , or when the costs of refusal and social isolation are small , we also see the emergence of wallflower ecologies in which all agents are socially isolated . In comparison to random or round-robin partner matching , we find that the average payoffs attained with preferential partner selection tend to be more narrowly confined to a few isolated payoff regions . +1 We identify several situations in which the restricted Schur polynomials do in fact account for the complete set of finite N constraints . In these situations the restricted Schur polynomials and the generalized restricted Schur polynomials both provide good bases for the quiver gauge theory . +1 In this paper , we show that the coefficient c_2 ' can be computed perturbatively . We also show that the remaining second-order coefficient c_2 '' depends on non-perturbative physics but can be related , by a perturbative calculation , to quantities that have previously been measured using lattice simulations of three-dimensional O ( 2 ) scalar field theory . +0 This paper gives an overview of planetary nebula research published in 2014 . Planetary nebulae had a double anniversary in 2014 , 250 year since their discovery and 150 year since the correct spectroscopic identification . +1 In the simplest six-dimensional model , we derive the solutions . Our solutions can be classified into two branches , which reduce to the self-accelerating and normal solutions in the limit of the original five-dimensional DGP model . +1 Consequently , pre-MS clusters and their active stars are systematically older and more massive than often reported . Cluster ages derived with the lithium depletion boundary technique are erroneously young by $ \sim 15 $ % and $ 10 $ % at $ 30 $ and $ 100 $ Myr respectively , if 50 % spotted stars are interpreted with un-spotted models . +1 In 2010 , Alessio Figalli and Nicola Gigli introduced a transportation cost that can be used to obtain parabolic equations with drift subject to Dirichlet boundary condition . However , the drift and the boundary condition are coupled in their work . +0 This approach is based on rewriting the partition function in a representation similar to the world-line representation and hence we shall call it the `` WL-approach '' . Developments in algorithms over the past decade suggest that there is a new computational approach to a class of quantum field theories . +0 The same formulae are argued to hold in $ d=2 $ . In $ d=1 $ exact results demonstrate that $ T_ { dyn } =T_c $ , the static glass transition temperature , and that the dynamical exponent changes from $ z ( T ) =2 + 2 ( T_c/T ) ^2 $ at high temperature to $ z ( T ) = 4 T_c/T $ in the glass phase . +0 Our scanning probes consisting of a scanning nanopillar ( 200 nm diameter , $ 1-2\ , \mu $ m length ) on a thin ( $ & lt ; 1\mu $ m ) cantilever structure , enable efficient light extraction from diamond in combination with a high magnetic field sensitivity ( $ \mathrm { \eta_ { AC } } \approx50\pm20\ , \mathrm { nT } /\sqrt { \mathrm { Hz } } $ ) . Here , we present an optimized procedure to fabricate single-crystal , all-diamond scanning probes starting from commercially available diamond and show a highly efficient and robust approach for integrating these devices in a generic atomic force microscope . +0 In the continuum limit , the ground state energy at half filling becomes nearly symmetric under rotations of the three-component vector ( N1 , N2 , m ) , with the first two components representing the Neel order parameter orthogonal to and the third component the magnetization parallel with the external magnetic field . I consider the Hubbard model of graphene in an external magnetic field and in the Hartree-Fock approximation . +0 In order to obtain a general picture of the relation of the atomic interactions and properties of Fe-Cr alloys in bulk , surface , and interface regions several complementary methods has to be used . Monte Carlo simulations using semiempirical interatomic potential , first-principles total energy calculations , and experimental spectroscopy are used . +1 Square grids are commonly used in robotics and game development as spatial models and well known in AI community heuristic search algorithms ( such as A* , JPS , Theta* etc . ) are widely used for path planning on grids . +1 This is done by exploiting the same aspects of problem structure as used by classical backtrack methods to avoid unproductive search choices . This quantum algorithm is much more likely to find solutions than the simple direct use of quantum parallelism . +0 Detecting and describing dynamic couplings between structural regions is difficult in view of the many-body nature of protein-protein interactions . Cooperativity is a hallmark of proteins , many of which show a modular architecture comprising discrete structural domains . +1 We present deep Chandra X-ray observations of the core of IC 2497 , the galaxy associated with Hanny 's Voorwerp and hosting a fading AGN . We find extended soft X-ray emission from hot gas around the low intrinsic luminosity ( unobscured ) AGN ( $ L_ { \rm bol } \sim 10^ { 42 } -10^ { 44 } $ erg s $ ^ { -1 } $ ) . +1 Direct and indirect searches of the Higgs boson suggest that 113 GeV $ \lesssim m_H \lesssim $ 170 GeV is likely . With the LEP era over and the Tevatron Run II search via $ p\bar p \to WH+X $ arduous , we revisit a case where $ WH $ or $ ZH + $ jets could arise via strong $ b^\prime\bar b^\prime $ pair production . +1 We find that to a large extent FSI masks the sensitivity of the tensor analyzing power to models of the deuteron wave function . For the transversely polarized deuterons the FSI induced forward-backward asymmetry of the missing momentum distribution is shown to have a node at precisely the same value of $ p_m $ as the PWIA missing momentum distribution . +0 By interpreting particular arguments as input and others as output , specifications can be seen as describing non-deterministic functions . The Twelf system exploits the correspondence between formulas and types to give specifications in LF a logic programming interpretation . +0 Think of defining a set in the plane through an algebraic equation , or dynamically as the closure of the orbit of some point under iterations of a given mapping . One often sees a sharp distinction in mathematics between descriptions from the outside and from the inside . +1 The response system is described by a linear differential equation coupled nonlinearly to the drive system . In the linear approximation the equations of our coupled system coincide with those of the Bateman dual system ( a pair of damped and anti-damped harmonic oscillators ) . +0 We provide theoretical results which quantify , in terms of \epsilon , the ABC error in approximation of expectations of additive functionals with respect to the smoothing distributions . The quality of the approximation may be controlled to arbitrary precision through a parameter \epsilon & gt ; 0 . +1 Lung tumor motion due to respiration poses a challenge in the application of modern three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy . Direct tracking of the lung tumor during radiation therapy is very difficult without implanted fiducial markers . +1 The angular dependence of the electric and magnetic contributions to the response function is discussed . Finally , for an arbitrary frequency range , the proper distance between two test masses is calculated and its usefulness in the high-frequency limit for space-based interferometers is briefly considered . +0 The Lanczos propagation method is used in combination with the fast Fourier pseudospectral method to solve the initial value problem . Maxwell 's equations are cast in the form of the Schr\ '' { o } dinger equation . +0 The method is applied to the simulated inversion of a double well system . Results are presented on the stability of the inversion procedure , including the optimal combination scheme , under the influence of data noise . +1 We show that the critical value of the matrix model coupling is identical for the finite and infinite lattice cases . However , the critical values of the coupling of the continuum field theory , in the large $ N $ limit , is finite in the infinite lattice case and zero in the case of finite lattice . +0 Using our solutions , we calculate the single-photon emission and scattering spectra , and find relations between the spectral features and the system 's inherent parameters , such as : the optomechanical coupling strength , the mechanical frequency , and the cavity-field decay rate . We consider single-photon emission and scattering when the photon is initially inside the cavity and in the fields outside the cavity , respectively . +0 However , LaSCO is designed to have those three desirable properties of a security policy language as well as : relevance for many different systems , statement of policies at an appropriate level of detail , user friendliness for both casual and expert users , and amenability to formal reasoning . Other approaches for stating security policies fall short of what is desirable with respect to either policy clarity , executability , or the precision with which a policy may be expressed . +0 The algebraic structure of classical Runge-Kutta methods is described by the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra . Connections to renormalization theory in perturbative quantum field theory have been established in recent years . +1 Here we consider the variant of the problem , denoted 2-Pi , where we are allowed to construct two linear orders alpha and beta and each constraint needs to be satisfied by at least one of the two . We give a full complexity classification of all 11 2-Pi problems , observing that in the switch from one to two linear orders the complexity landscape changes quite abruptly and that hardness proofs become rather intricate . +0 The results obtained are shown to be in good agreement with the available experimental data . Using this technique , we calculate the neutron and proton radiative capture cross sections on $ ^ { 12 } $ C . +0 We describe the effect of each of these moves on the lattice polytopes which encode the toric Calabi-Yau varieties and illustrate the construction in several examples . Some structure theory is used to show how any eulerian digraph can be generated by iterating combinations of just a few canonical graph-theoretic moves . +1 In the present paper , we consider list decoding for both random rank metric codes and random linear rank metric codes . Firstly , we show that , for arbitrary $ 0 & lt ; R & lt ; 1 $ and $ \epsilon & gt ; 0 $ ( $ \epsilon $ and $ R $ are independent ) , if $ 0 & lt ; \frac { n } { m } \leq \epsilon $ , then with high probability a random rank metric code in $ F_ { q } ^ { m\times n } $ of rate $ R $ can be list-decoded up to a fraction $ ( 1-R-\epsilon ) $ of rank errors with constant list size $ L $ satisfying $ L\leq O ( 1/\epsilon ) $ . +0 These values are still consistent with models of low density , highly ionized clouds . The typical Doppler parameters found for the Ly-alpha lines lie in the interval b=20\div30 km/s , corresponding to temperatures T & gt ; 24000K , with a fraction of the order 15 % in the range 10 & lt ; b & lt ; 20km/s . +0 We propose a general framework that is based on annotation projection , phrased as a graph optimization problem . This article considers the task of automatically inducing role-semantic annotations in the FrameNet paradigm for new languages . +1 Kinematic signatures of the outflow are visible in both the CO and HI emission : both tracers show a minor axis velocity gradient and together they show double peaked profiles , consistent with a hot outflow bounded by a cone made of a mix of atomic and molecular gas . Combining our CO and HI data with observations of the dust continuum , we study the changing properties of the cold outflow as it leaves the disk . +1 In multi-cloud environment , task scheduling has attracted a lot of attention due to NP-Complete nature of the problem . Moreover , it is very challenging due to heterogeneity of the cloud resources with varying capacities and functionalities . +0 Consequently , there is a real need from within the astronomical modelling community for accurate empirical molecular data pertaining to these processes . To comprehend the role of such ices in the chemistry and evolution of dense molecular clouds and comets , it is necessary to understand the freeze-out , potential surface reactivity , and desorption mechanisms of such molecular systems . +1 A number of interesting relations between common information measures include the duality relations based on M\ '' obius inversion on lattices , which are the direct consequence of the symmetries of the lattices ( subsets ordered by inclusion ) of the sets of variables . In this paper we define operators on functions on these lattices that map the functions into one another , called M\ '' obius operators . +0 Our spectroscopic analysis yields a spectral type of G1-1.5V and an age of about 100 Myrs . We carried out spectroscopic observations of this star with FEROS at the 2.2 m MPG/ESO telescope at La Silla . +1 The computation is sufficiently accurate to provide robust evidence for the absence of the photon from the open string spectrum . We also observe that ghost string field propagators develop double poles . +1 When the energy densities of the beam and the magnetic field are comparable , $ \alpha = 8\pi n_0m_pc^2 ( \Gamma_0-1 ) /B^2_0\sim 1 $ , the process of the beam -- barrier interaction is strongly nonstationary , and the density of reversed protons is modulated in space by a factor of 10 or so . The modulation of reversed protons decreases with decrease of $ \alpha $ . +1 By comparing pulse arrival times measured on-board the spacecraft with predicted pulse arrivals at some reference location , the spacecraft position can be determined autonomously with accuracies on the order of 5 kilometres . For a spacecraft at a distance of 10 astronomical units from Earth ( e.g. , Earth-Saturn ) , this means an improvement by a factor of 8 compared to conventional methods . +0 We analyze the average $ TS_M ( n ) = \frac { 1 } { n } \sum_ { j & lt ; n } S_M ( j ) $ . Write $ n $ in its binary representation $ n= ( b_i b_ { i-1 } ... b_1 b_0 ) _2 $ and set $ S_M ( n ) = \sum_ { t=0 } ^i t^ { \bar { M } } b_t 2^t $ . +0 We show that this algorithm gets rid of the very large fluctuations observed in imaginary time displaced correlation functions of quantities which do not commute with the z-component of the total spin . Here , we analyze an alternative decomposition , which conserves SU ( 2 ) spin invariance , but requires the use of complex numbers . +1 Various properties of $ i $ -symmetrizations are introduced and the relations between them investigated . New expressions are provided for the Steiner and Minkowski symmetrals of a compact convex set which exhibit a dual relationship between them . +0 A structured discrete model is built , taking into account all biological information we were able to find , including the environmental variability implemented by means of stochastic parameters ( coefficients of fertility , death , etc . ) . Since this species can cause environmental damage of various kinds , it is necessary to evaluate its expected in not yet infested areas . +0 This is inspired by the observation of the 1/2 vortex in high-temperature superconductors ( Kirtley , et al , Phys.Rev.Lett . The spectrum of the fermion zero modes in the vicinity of the vortex with fractional winding number is discussed . +1 By investigating a set of three low enriched and water moderated UO2 fuel rod arrays we found that modeling the same set of data with different , yet reasonable assumptions concerning the fuel rod composition and its geometric properties leads to significantly different covariance matrices or correlation coefficients . Following a Monte Carlo sampling approach , we show for nine different modeling assumptions the corresponding correlation coefficients and sensitivity profiles for each pair of the effective neutron multiplication factor keff . +0 Despite the system is made of non-interacting fermions , its dynamics can be quite complex , showing strongly aperiodic spatio-temporal patterns during the tunneling . We study the exact dynamics of a one-dimensional spin-polarized gas of fermions in a double-well potential at zero and finite temperature . +0 During this flare , which peaks at t_peak ~210s after the BAT trigger , a flux variation of ( delta F ) /F~6 in a very short time ( delta t ) /t_peak & lt ; & lt ; 1 was observed . We present observations of XRF 050406 , the first burst detected by Swift showing a flare in its X-ray light curve . +0 Yet BHNS star pairs are notoriously dark and so inaccessible to telescopes . Electromagnetic counterparts may be crucial for a confident gravitational-wave detection as well as for extraction of astronomical information . +0 We demonstrate that comparisons of the short-timescale variability in galaxy SFRs with observational data provide an additional useful constraint on the physics of galaxy formation feedback . Galaxy formation models exhibit remarkable success in reproducing observed relations such as the relation between galaxies ' star formation rates ( SFRs ) and stellar masses and the stellar mass -- halo mass relation . +0 The resulting algebra A has a number of curious properties ; for example it is noetherian but never strongly noetherian and the point modules are never parametrized by a projective scheme . In this paper we extend those results to the case when one naively blows up X at any suitably generic zero-dimensional subscheme Z . +1 Yet inferring one from the other appears difficult . Indeed , such an inference would need detailed information about customer behavior , and might be clouded by modes of behavior such as herding ( following popularity ) or elitism , where customers avoid popular products . +0 From this , the observed optical depth/linear size relationship is best reproduced through models which approximate either of the two Fanaroff & amp ; Riley classifications , although the observed scatter in the sample can not be duplicated using a single deprojected radio source size . While geometry can explain the observed correlation , many radio sources comprise two radio lobes and so we model the projected area of a two component emitter intercepted by a foreground absorber . +1 We also compare the results with the previous calculations based on the Kompaneets operator . We solve the radiation transfer equation together with the hydrostatic equilibrium equation accounting exactly for the radiation pressure by electron scattering . +1 Direct current ( DC ) characterization of high temperature superconducting ( HTS ) coils is important for HTS applications , such as electric machines , superconducting magnetic energy storage ( SMES ) and transformers . In this paper , DC characterization of a circular , epoxy-impregnated HTS coil made from YBCO coated conductor for use as a prototype axial flux HTS electric machine is presented . +1 The other set ( the `` damped modes '' ) retains a finite decay rate even for extremal Kerr black holes , and exists only for a subset of corotating modes . As the angular momentum approaches its extremal value , the frequency spectrum bifurcates into these two distinct branches when both types of modes are present . +0 We introduce K-theoretic stable envelope maps $ \Stab_ { \sigma } : \oplus_ { |\lambda|=n } K_T ( ( T^*F_\lambda ) ^T ) \to\oplus_ { |\lambda|=n } K_T ( T^*F_\lambda ) $ , where $ \sigma\in S_n $ . We consider the cotangent bundle $ T^*F_\lambda $ of a $ GL_n $ partial flag variety , $ \lambda= ( \lambda_1 , ... , \lambda_N ) $ , $ |\lambda|=\sum_i\lambda_i=n $ , and the torus $ T= ( \C^\times ) ^ { n+1 } $ equivariant K-theory algebra $ K_T ( T^*F_\lambda ) $ . +1 Possibilities for enhancing the signal over background in Pentaquark searches are investigated by examining predictions for detailed momentum and angular distributions in multiparticle final states . General model-independent predictions are presented as well as those from two models : a loosely bound $ D_ { s } ^-N $ molecule and a strongly-bound five-quark system . +0 Extending classical work of Rado ( for the random graph ) , we find a finite presentation for each of the following classes : homogeneous undirected graphs , homogeneous tournaments and homogeneous partially ordered sets . We show that many universal and ultrahomogeneous structures allow a concise description ( called here a finite presentation ) . +1 The loop is initially best visible in the TRACE 195 A filter band , and later in the 171 A filter band , with correspondence with the CDS raster images at log T \~ 6.0-6.1 . We have taken as pixel-by-pixel background the latest TRACE , Yohkoh and CDS images where the loop has faded out . +1 We search for galaxies which have large ( Y-J ) colours ( the `` Y-drops '' ) on account of the Lyman-alpha forest absorption , and with ( J-H ) colours inconsistent with being low-redshift contaminants . We identify 24 candidates at redshift z~8-9 ( 15 are robust and a further 9 more marginal but consistent with being high redshift ) over an area of ~50 square arcminutes . +1 One of the most fruitful results of this approach is the { \sl morphology -- cosmology connection } for X-ray clusters . Simulations have provided the means to make concrete predictions for the X-ray morphologies of clusters in cosmologies with different $ \Omega_o $ , with the result that low $ \Omega_o $ cosmologies fair rather poorly when compared to observations . +1 Our work is a fundamental study of the notion of approximation in V-categories and in ( U , V ) -categories , for a quantale V and the ultrafilter monad U . We introduce auxiliary , approximating and Scott-continuous distributors , the way-below distributor , and continuity of V- and ( U , V ) -categories . +1 Formally , the frozen mode regime is not a resonance , in a sense that it is not particularly sensitive to the size and shape of the photonic crystal . The frozen mode regime is more robust and powerful , compared to any known slow-wave resonance . +0 In addition , we can efficiently compute these centrality values for all temporal vertices . The definition is free from parameters and robust against the change in time scale on which we focus . +0 The quantized orbits of electrons shrink with increasing magnetic field . Because of the long Fermi wavelength of itinerant electrons , the quantum limit of elemental bismuth ( unlike most metals ) can be attained with a moderate magnetic field . +0 This method can be generalized to other affine ADE quiver theories . This provides a well-defined method to compute the generalized Donaldson-Thomas invariants . +0 The term free refers to the central role played by algebras of noncommutative polynomials R & lt ; x & gt ; in free ( freely noncommuting ) variables x= ( x_1 , ... , x_g ) . This chapter is a tutorial on techniques and results in free convex algebraic geometry and free real algebraic geometry ( RAG ) . +1 We present here a detailed study of the behaviour of a three dimensional Brownian motor based on cold atoms in a double optical lattice [ P. Sjolund et al. , Phys.Rev.Lett . 96 , 190602 ( 2006 ) ] . +0 These results indicate that the orbital shape and charge disproportionation are sensitive to the dimension of Mn-O network . Furthermore , clear charge disproportionation is observed for the pseudo cubic and double-layer systems , while not in the single-layer system . +0 The supercell ( shadow ) bands and the corresponding very weak FS 's are found to arise from band-folding due to the interaction with Ce-Te ( 2 ) layers . The carriers near E_F have mainly the Te ( 1 ) 5p character , with the negligible contribution from Ce 4f states to the CDW formation . +1 We use a deterministic collisional code , following the dynamical evolution of a population of indestructible test grains suffering mutual inelastic impacts . Grain differential sizes as well as the effect of radiation pressure are taken into account . +1 It is based on an existing phase-field formulation of the bulk free energy and incorporates two crucial effects : ( i ) anisotropic ionic mobility in the crystal and ( ii ) surface reactions governing the flux of ions across the electrode/electrolyte interface , depending on the local free energy difference . Although the phase boundary can form a classical diffusive `` shrinking core '' when the dynamics is bulk-transport-limited , the theory also predicts a new regime of surface-reaction-limited ( SRL ) dynamics , where the phase boundary extends from surface to surface along planes of fast ionic diffusion , consistent with recent experiments on LiFePO4 . +0 The observed phenomenon can be understood as an interplay between the thermal fluctuations and the presence of the first cluster determined by initial conditions . The crossover temperature $ T_c $ corresponding to the maximal magnetization decays with system size , approximately as the inverse of the W Lambert function . +1 We consider a tight-binding model on the regular honeycomb lattice with uncorrelated on-site disorder . We use two independent methods ( recursive Green 's function and self-consistent Born approximation ) to extract the scattering mean free path , the scattering mean free time , the density of states and the localization length as a function of the disorder strength . +0 The bound is shown to be generally much tighter than those of other methods of comparable complexity . This paper introduces a new , simple upper bound on the probability of a MAP solution , which admits a tradeoff between the bound quality and the time needed to compute it . +0 Their modular structure is intimately related to the p-modular representation theory of the symmetric groups S_n . These TQFT 's are likely to describe the constant order contributions of the cyclotomic integer expansions of the Reshetikhin Turaev Ohtsuki theories . +0 Equipped with light sources the accelerating observers get involved in experiments like Doppler Effect , radar detection and radar echo . They move with all possible proper accelerations in the positive direction of the OX axis . +0 Our main conclusions are that : 1 ) the dust attenuation A_FUV is found to increase from z = 0 to $ z \sim 1.2 and then starts to decrease until our last data point at z = 3.6 ; 2 ) the estimated SFRD confirms published results to z \sim 2 . With this information , we are able to estimate the redshift evolution of the total ( FUV + FIR ) star formation rate density ( SFRD_TOT ) . +1 Using this technique , we calculate the neutron and proton radiative capture cross sections on $ ^ { 12 } $ C . The results obtained are shown to be in good agreement with the available experimental data . +1 The curvature was found to have a singularity at the critical point . We focused on the zero field case to derive thermodynamic curvature and its components near the criticality . +1 Unfortunately all previous attempts suffered from instabilities . In the present work , we evolve the vector potential in the Coulomb gauge and smooth the derived magnetic field for usage in the momentum equation . +0 Then comes a review of the currently available data on high-energy hadronic production of J/psi , psi ' and Upsilon 's . The first one consists in a detailed historical review of quarkonium physics , centered on the different production models successively introduced . +1 No statistical information about the primary traffic is assumed to be available a-priori to the secondary user . We investigate two distinct sensing scenarios . +1 Our goal is to model the relationship between the energy intake derived from Food Frequency Questionnaires ( FFQs ) and the energy expenditure estimated from the doubly labeled water method . We consider models with different distributions for the FFQ energy intake . +1 Electrically charged systems bound by a strong gravitational force can sustain a huge amount of electric charge ( up to 10^20C ) against Coulomb repulsion . General relativistically such systems form a stable hydrostatic configuration both in the non-rotating and rotating cases . +0 For example , the n-point `` MHV-band '' superamplitude is proportional to a Grassmann polynomial of mixed degree 4 to 12 , which is uniquely determined by supersymmetry . 3 ) We present the general structure of superamplitudes on the Coulomb branch . +0 Detailed analysis of the charge carrier dynamics of the silicon substrate is also discussed . The findings as well as the normal state properties strongly suggest conventional BCS superconductivity , underlined by the BCS ratio 3.44 . +1 For the three-component model , numerical solution of the dressed energy equations confirm that the analytical expressions for the critical fields and the resulting phase diagrams at zero temperature are highly accurate in the strong coupling regime . The results provide a precise description of the quantum phases and universal thermodynamics which are applicable to experiments with cold fermionic atoms confined to one-dimensional tubes . +1 A treatment regime is a deterministic function that dictates personalized treatment based on patients ' individual prognostic information . There is a fast-growing interest in ? nding optimal treatment regimes to maximize expected long-term clinical outcomes of patients for complex diseases , such as cancer and AIDS . +1 The width of $ P $ is defined as $ w ( P ) =min\ { x\in \mathbb { Z } ^n\setminus\ { 0\ } : \ : max_ { x \in P } x^\top u - min_ { x \in P } x^\top v \ } $ . Let $ \Delta ( A ) $ and $ \delta ( A ) $ denote the greatest and the smallest absolute values of a determinant among all $ r ( A ) \times r ( A ) $ sub-matrices of $ A $ , where $ r ( A ) $ is the rank of a matrix $ A $ . +0 While the observed photo-thermal feed-back tends to destabilize the optical spring , we also propose a small coating modification that would change the sign of the effect , making a single-carrier stable optical spring possible . The magnitude and frequency dependence of the observed photo-thermal effect are consistent with predicted corrections due to transverse thermal diffusion and coating structure . +0 With this ansatz the field equations precisely reduce to those of lower-dimensional gauged supergravity parametrized by an embedding tensor . We present the generalized Scherk-Schwarz reduction ansatz for the full supersymmetric exceptional field theory in terms of group valued twist matrices subject to consistency equations . +1 STAR 's measurements of directed flow ( $ v_1 $ ) for pions , kaons ( charged and $ K_s^0 $ ) , protons and antiprotons for Au + Au collisions at $ \sqrtsNN = 200 $ GeV are presented . Negative $ v_1 ( y ) $ slope is observed for pions , antiprotons , protons and kaons . +0 Here we develop a coarse-grained model for a water monolayer in hydrophobic nanoconfinement and study the formation of ice by Mote Carlo simulations . However , a systematic study of the ice phases in nanoconfinement is hampered by the computational cost of simulations at very low temperatures . +0 The general expression for such a contribution which depends on the temperature and the chemical potential of plasma as well as on the photon 's momentum is derived . We calculate this contribution to the polarization tensor connected with the Chern-Simons term in effective Lagrangian of the electromagnetic field . +1 Specifically , Mallat considered so-called scattering networks based on semi-discrete shift-invariant wavelet frames and modulus non-linearities in each network layer , and proved translation invariance ( asymptotically in the wavelet scale parameter ) and deformation stability of the corresponding feature extractor . The purpose of this paper is to develop Mallat 's theory further by allowing for general convolution kernels , or in more technical parlance , general semi-discrete shift-invariant frames ( including Weyl-Heisenberg , curvelet , shearlet , ridgelet , and wavelet frames ) and general Lipschitz-continuous non-linearities ( e.g. , rectified linear units , shifted logistic sigmoids , hyperbolic tangents , and modulus functions ) , as well as pooling through sub-sampling , all of which can be different in different network layers . +0 This paper concentrates on data assembly , analysis and the estimate of the various foreground contributions ; the companion paper ( Kashlinsky , Odenwald , Mather , Skrutskie , Cutri 2002 , hereafter KOMSC ) presents the cosmological results for the CIB fluctuations and their implications . This is one of two papers in which we report the detection of structure in the cosmic infrared background ( CIB ) between 1.25 - 2.2 micron through the use of data from the Two Micron Sky Survey ( 2MASS ) . +0 We consider a composite model where the total monodromy matrix of the model is presented as a product of two partial monodromy matrices . We study integrable models solvable by the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz and possessing the GL ( 3 ) -invariant R-matrix . +1 The discovery of superconductivity in the 122 iron selenide materials above 30 K necessitates an understanding of the underlying magnetic interactions . We present a combined experimental and theoretical investigation of magnetic and semiconducting Ce $ _ { 2 } $ O $ _ { 2 } $ FeSe $ _ { 2 } $ composed of chains of edge-linked iron selenide tetrahedra . +1 We also establish a ( complex ) renormalization invariant relating these parameters . The qualitative features of the physical parameters ' renormalization are clearly illustrated in vector field plots . +0 The XRT observed flux during the prompt emission was 1.1 x 10^ { -8 } ergs cm^ { -2 } s^ { -1 } in the 0.5-10 keV energy band . While the burst was still in progress , the X-ray Telescope obtained a position and an image for an un-catalogued X-ray source ; simultaneous with the gamma-ray observation . +0 The transience class of a sandpile is defined as the maximum number of particles that can be added without making the system recurrent ( \cite { BT05 } ) . \cite { DD95 } ) which serves as the standard model of self-organized criticality . +0 This influence can be both beneficial or detrimental . We show that for these systems the choice of boundary conditions ( open boundaries as opposed to periodic boundary conditions ) is not a mere technicality ; the influence of anyons produced at the boundaries becomes in fact dominant for large enough $ L $ . +0 Some assumptions made in earlier work were verified , the dependence of various quantities on the localization length of the linear problem were computed . In the present work the properties of this effective noise are studied numerically . +1 Furthermore , we establish the absence of infinite sequences in a D-limit corresponding to the large complex structure limit of a two-parameter Calabi-Yau . In particular , our results demonstrate analytically that the series of vacua recently discovered by Ahlqvist et al. , seemingly accumulating to the large complex structure point , are finite . +0 Phase transitions and other critical phenomena have been studied in presence of magnetic charge and chemical potential . We observe that the phase diagram of a dyonic black hole in constant electric potential and magnetic charge ensemble is similar to that of a Van der Waals fluid with chemical potential . +0 We now suggest an alternative scenario for the explosive events , based on our observations of spectral line tilts and bifurcated structure in some events . In our previous work , we focused basically on the discrepancy of fast Doppler motion without detectable motion in the image plane . +0 This TBA equation is identical to the one from the string hypothesis . In particular for fundamental representation case , we also derive a TBA equation from the osp ( 1|2s ) version of the T-system and the quantum transfer matrix method . +0 There is a family of solution of the Brans-Dicke vacuum equations that has not been fully studied from this perspective . When dealing with a spacetime , one usually searches for singularities , black holes , white holes and wormholes due to their importance to the motion of particles . +0 It thus appears that metal- and dust-poor halo clouds like Complex C are not able to form and maintain widely distributed H_2 , whereas metal and dust-rich halo clouds like the IV Arch can maintain H_2 even at low HI column densities . Weak H_2 absorption is detected in the Intermediate-Velocity Arch ( IV Arch ; abundance \~1.0 solar ) toward PG 1259+593 ( log N ( H_2 ) =14.10 ( +0.21 ) ( -0.44 ) at v ( LSR ) =-55 km/s and log N ( HI ) =19.5 ) . +0 The phenomenon of stochastic tunneling , where an intermediate mutant in a sequence does not reach fixation in a population before generating a double mutant , has been studied using a variety of computational and mathematical methods . The population dynamics of such sequential acquisition of ( epi ) genetic alterations has been the topic of much investigation . +0 It is shown that under such circumstances and with $ J/\Psi $ disintegration in nuclear matter added , $ J/\Psi $ suppression evaluated agrees well with NA38 and NA50 data . The estimations of the sound velocity in the gas and the approximate pattern of cooling caused by the longitudinal expansion are also presented . +1 In this paper , we developed an adaptive beamforming based on least mean squared error algorithm and null deepening to combat co-channel interference ( CCI ) for the space-time coded OFDM ( STC-OFDM ) system . To illustrate the performance of the presented approach , it is compared to the null steering beamformer which requires a prior knowledge of directions of arrival ( DOAs ) . +0 For example , if $ \lambda $ is negative , momenta are bounded . We discuss the classical and the quantum mechanics of a free particle in this framework , and show that they strongly depend on the sign of a coupling constant $ \lambda $ , appearing in the fundamental commutators and proportional to $ \beta^2 $ . +1 The spectra of SN 2003dh , identified in the afterglow of GRB030329 , are modeled using radiation transport codes . It is shown that SN 2003dh had a high explosion kinetic energy ( $ \sim 4 \times 10^ { 52 } $ erg in spherical symmetry ) , making it one of the most powerful hypernovae observed so far , and supporting the case for association between hypernovae and Gamma Ray Bursts . +0 Then , the distribution of planetesimals obtained after $ 10^7 { \rm yr } $ is used to study the migration rate of a giant planet through the migration model introduced in \cite { DP1 } . In order to describe this evolution we use a method developed in Stepinski and Valageas which , using a series of simplifying assumptions , is able to simultaneously follow the evolution of gas and solid particles for up to $ 10^7 { \rm yr } $ . +0 It is predicted that the view angle $ \zeta $ should be larger than the inclination angle ( $ \zeta & gt ; \alpha $ ) , otherwise the $ \gamma $ -ray radiation will have little possibility to be observed . Some observational characteristics in both $ \gamma $ -ray and radio bands , such as the $ \gamma $ -ray emission beams of Crab-like , Vela-like and Geminga-like , can be reproduced by numerical method . +0 The kinematics of the stars are discussed and the abundance ratios Na/Fe , Ni/Fe , Cu/Fe and Ba/Y are applied to see if the low-alpha stars are connected to the thin disk or to Milky Way satellite galaxies . The other group ( 17 stars ) shows a clearly deviating trend ranging from [ alpha/Fe ] = 0.20 at [ Fe/H ] = -1.3 to [ alpha/Fe ] = 0.08 at [ Fe/H ] = -0.8 . +1 This is done by an amplification of both the real and imaginary parts of the weak-value of a polarization operator that has been coupled to the pointer , which is a spatial mode , via a spin-orbit coupling . Our experiment demonstrates the first realization of weak-value amplification in the azimuthal degree of freedom . +0 The general relativity analysis of spin-2 amplitudes is shown to be modified by a multiplicative factor F depending on a constant non-commutativity parameter and on the upper limit R of the radial coordinate . The present paper , relying on the recently obtained noncommutativity effect on a static , spherically symmetric metric , considers from a new perspective the quantum amplitudes in black hole evaporation . +0 We use these results it in a stochastic gradient framework , from which we derive an LMS-like algorithm and investigate the problems of multi-modality in the mean-square error surface and the choice of adequate initial conditions . Through the use of the Kronecker product and some basic facts of tensor algebra , we propose a simple model of nonlinearity , one that can be interpreted as a product of the outputs of K FIR linear filters , and compute its cost function together with its gradient , which allows for some analysis of the optimization problem . +1 This approach may be useful in several contexts including sensor networks . Diffusion cooperation schemes have been proposed to solve the distributed linear regression problem . +0 As an application , we introduce a method for retrieval of textured shapes through comparison of Schr\ '' { o } dinger diffusion distance histograms with the earth 's mover distance , and present some numerical experiments showing superior performance compared to an analogous method that ignores the texture . We define a family of Schr\ '' { o } dinger diffusion distances analogous to the ones associated to the heat kernels , and show that they are continuous under perturbations of the data . +1 The scattering of electrons is assumed to be due to remote ionized impurities . A positive magnetoresistance is found as a function of the perpendicular component , in good qualitative agreement with experimental observations . +0 These puzzles are currently thought to be esoteric properties of electro weak interactions that have origins in physics beyond the standard model at some ultra high energy scales . Certain other puzzles of the standard model such as the absence of flavor changing neutral currents ( FCNC ) , are also explained naturally by the binary particle model . +0 We have shown that the stellar orbits change with the stellar mean density . We have studied how the stellar entropy , pressure , radius , mean density , and orbital angular momentum vary when the star is evolved adiabatically , for a representative set of stars . +1 Xenon between the two spheres forms a self-shield and veto device . The inner surface of the central sphere is coated with CsI to form an internal photocathode with minimum of 2\pi coverage for any event in the active volume . +0 A theoretical model of disease spreading on m-ary tree is investigated both analytically and in simulations . Phase diagrams of disease spreading for empirical complex networks are introduced . +1 Motivated to measure the QED vacuum birefringence and to detect pseudoscalar-photon interaction , we started to build up the Q & amp ; A experiment ( QED [ Quantum Electrodynamics ] and Axion experiment ) in 1994 . In this talk , we first give a brief historical account of planet hunting and dark matter evidence . +0 We measure a mean of 7.82 +- 0.05 +0.21/-0.19 charged particles per $ B\bar { B } $ decay when both mesons decay semileptonically . Using the same data sample , we have also extracted the mean multiplicities in semileptonic and nonleptonic decays . +0 In particular , a subset of early universe models admit a nonsingular bouncing solution that attempts to address the issue of the big bang singularity . Second , we can search for new cosmological signatures as a way to explore physics beyond the standard cosmic paradigm . +1 In this short article we characterize the critical behavior of Stavskaya 's PCA by means of Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analysis . The critical exponents of the model are calculated and indicate that its phase transition belongs to the directed percolation universality class of critical behavior , as it would be expected on the basis of the directed percolation conjecture . +1 Flux variability was remarkable in the X-ray and VHE bands while it was minor or not significant in the other bands . The one-zone SSC model can describe reasonably well the SED of each day for the 13 consecutive days . +1 The bubbles are followed until the point of break-out into the halo , starting from an initial adiabatic phase to a radiative phase . We show that a key property which sets the fate of bubbles in the ISM is the gas surface density , through the work done by the expansion of bubbles and its role in setting the gas scaleheight . +0 Solid Fe or Fe-rich silicates are found to be the only condensates that can efficiently absorb the stellar light in the near IR . Two dust layers are formed in the dynamical models : almost pure glassy Al2O3 close to the star ( r & gt ; 1.5 R* ) and the more opaque Fe-poor Mg-Fe-silicates further out . +1 Absorption spectra were taken under different rotational angles after 24 h after irradiation and we fitted the spectra using Lorentzian functions . There were two dominant absorption peaks at approximately 586 nm ( green ) and 634 nm ( red ) . +0 Breath samples were collected in Tedlar bags and immediately evacuated through thermal desorption tubes packed with Carbopack B and C. The VOCs were later recovered by thermal desorption and analysed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry . The blood glucose concentration ranged from 41.4 to 435.6 mg/dL . +0 A challenge of particular importance arises in Bayesian inverse problems where the target distribution may be supported on an infinite dimensional space . The computational complexity of MCMC methods for the exploration of complex probability measures is a challenging and important problem . +0 Work checks how friendship network can be correlated to the clan ( a self-organized group of players who often form a league and play on the same side in a match ) network . The work conducts a standard analysis of the network and then divides players according to different groups based on their activity . +1 Our estimate of the thermal pressure in the O VI-rich thick disk/halo gas , p_ { th } /k = 6500^ { +2500 } _ { -2600 } K cm^ { -3 } , suggests that the thick disk/halo is more highly pressurized than would be expected from theoretical analyses . The ratios of C IV to O VI to O VII to O VIII , intensities were compared with those predicted by theoretical models . +0 While for neutrino flavour oscillation we have derived general results for oscillation phase , which subsequently have been applied to different gravity theories . This finally lends itself to non-zero probability of neutrino helicity flip . +1 On the other hand , Monte Carlo ( MC ) simulations show that both the effective pair potentials and the correlation functions are accurately predicted by the RJM . It is suggested that the lack of self-consistency in the thermodynamics of the RJM is a result of neglected electrostatic correlations between the counterions and coions . +1 Inspired by the condensed matter analogues of black holes ( a.k.a . dumb holes ) , we study Hawking radiation in the presence of a modified dispersion relation which becomes super-luminal at large wave-numbers . +0 A Monte Carlo simulation including negative cross section contribution is developed and successfully preformed to simulate reflection electron energy loss spectroscopy ( REELS ) spectra for Ag and Au as examples . This sampling method is a universal solution for all negative probability problem and shows extraordinarily power in negative cross section problem . +0 We select the contour levels to minimize the uncertainties in the colour ratios , whilst preserving the structure of the object . Our technique groups pixels lying between contours in an adaptively-smoothed image of a cluster . +0 We computed profiles of a spectral line , emitted in the inner region of the disk . We have constructed general relativistic models of a stationary , axially symmnetric , Keplerian thin disk around a rotating black hole . +1 They further introduce a convolution diagram which conjecturally gives the tensor product multiplicity [ Braverman A. , Finkelberg M. , Private communication , 2008 ] . In this paper , we develop the theory for the branching in quiver varieties and check this conjecture for $ G=\SL ( l ) $ . +1 Such processes have already produced large number of events at the Large Hadron Collider ( LHC ) by now . These processes can be background to the Higgs boson production and a number of beyond the standard model scenarios . +0 The main tools to study Delta g/g in lepton-nucleon scattering are scaling violations of the g_1 structure functions and longitudinal spin asymmetries in hadron production . The data from fixed-target lepton-nucleon experiments are in context with the recent data from the RHIC polarised pp collider . +1 Applications relevant for energy production , medicine , or national security also rely on theoretical predictions of basic properties of atomic nuclei . Heavy elements are best described within the nuclear density functional theory ( DFT ) and its various extensions . +1 We present results from a 50 ks observation of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Ark 564 with the Chandra HETGS . The spectra above 2 keV are modeled by a power-law with a photon-index of 2.56+/-0.06 . +0 However , when they interact with minority or majority players the \ $ -population imitates the usual behavior of these players . When the population is composed of two different group of \ $ -traders , they show an anti-imitative behavior . +1 However , in our empirical work we study the relative merits of all three paradigms to determine how best to combine them . The paper concludes with two case studies . +1 The local models are type IIB orientifolds with D7 branes on a curved orientifold 7-plane , and matter realized by adding D3 branes on the orientifold plane . The Higgs branches of the SO and USp theories can be matched with the moduli spaces of SO and USp instantons on the compact four-dimensional part of the D7 branes worldvolume . +1 The topic of this paper concerns a different approach leading to plasma confinement . More exactly we are interested in mathematical models with fast oscillating magnetic fields . +0 The effective action is able to explain the origin of these metastable states . Numerical simulations of the SO ( 3 ) lattice gauge theory show that the adjoint Wilson line has a very small value at low temperatures ; at high temperatures , metastable states are observed in which the adjoint Wilson line takes positive or negative values . +0 The functions $ u : \ZZ^d \to \RR $ and $ U : \RR^d \to \RR $ are called single-site potential . Here $ \Delta $ denotes the Laplace operator ( discrete or continuous ) , $ V_\omega $ is a multiplication operator given by the function $ $ V_\omega ( x ) = \sum_ { k \in \ZZ^d } \omega_k u ( x-k ) on $ \ZZ^d $ , or \quad V_\omega ( x ) = \sum_ { k \in \ZZ^d } \omega_k U ( x-k ) on $ \RR^d $ , $ $ and $ \lambda & gt ; 0 $ is a real parameter modeling the strength of the disorder present in the model . +0 The reason is that directly searching for parallel solutions in state space planners would require the planners to branch on all possible subsets of parallel actions , thus increasing the branching factor exponentially . Despite their near dominance , heuristic state search planners still lag behind disjunctive planners in the generation of parallel plans in classical planning . +1 The observed near decoupling of the four-gluon conditions permits a solution to the 2-and-3-point conditions within an effective one-parameter freedom . There exists a parameter range in which one solution has all vertex coefficients real , as required for a physical solution , and a narrower range in which the transverse-gluon and massless-quark propagators both exhibit complex-conjugate pole pairs . +0 Recent observations ( Adelberger et al . Hydrodynamic cosmological simulations predict that the average opacity of the Ly-alpha forest should increase in the neighborhood of galaxies because galaxies form in dense environments . +1 We analyze the critical points of this potential and present an analytic as well as several numerical finite-action solutions . Apart from the Yang-Mills solutions that constitute $ SU ( m ) $ -equivariant instanton configurations , we construct periodic sphaleron solutions on $ S^1\times G/H $ and dyon solutions on $ i\mathbb R\times G/H $ . +0 Our first upper bound contains a classical one in the case when $ k\_1=\cdots =k\_r $ and $ t\_i=1 $ for all $ i $ . In this note we give two explicit upper bounds for $ R ( K\_ { [ k\_1 , t\_1 ] } , \dots , K\_ { [ k\_r , t\_r ] } ) $ ( the smallest integer $ n $ such that for any $ r $ -edge coloring of $ K\_n $ there always occurs a monochromatic $ K\_ { [ k\_i , t\_i ] } $ for some $ i $ ) . +1 We provide a systematic treatment of color superconductivity in the instanton model . We show that the structure of the superconductor depends on the number of flavors . +0 We proceed by investigating the entanglement of formation and the relative entropy of entanglement in the infinite-dimensional setting . The considerations will then be extended to the asymptotic limit , and we will prove some asymptotic continuity properties . +0 In particular , we focus on the light neutralino case and find that the light-Higgsino scenario such as the focus point is interesting , taking account of the recent CDMS result . In this paper , we investigate phenomenological aspects of this model and discuss the possibility of the direct detection of the dark matter . +0 However , previous studies focused on the robustness of networks composed of dependency links without network topology . The robustness of complex networks with dependencies has been studied in recent years . +1 The fluctuating signal is enhanced in a magnetic field H [ 2-4 ] . Recently , a feature was detected in the thermal conductivity at a field 22 T ( called HK here ) and interpreted as the low-T limit of a mean-field Hc2 ( T ) curve [ 5 ] . +1 However the expected mm variations are too small to be detected above the noise , probably explaining the lack of success of previous searches for a correlation between X-ray and mm variations . In addition we show that the infrared leads the X-rays by 0.75+/-0.25 days . +0 Interdomain walls are found to be rather narrow . There exist 6 kinds of orientational domains , which are related with a permutation or a mirror symmetry . +0 It is also shown that every AE ( 0 ) -group is Baire isomorphic to the product of Polish groups . A complete characterization of closed subgroups of powers of the symmetric group is obtained . +1 For much smaller tracer-swimmer separations , however , the tracer displacement becomes positive and diverges as $ \rho \to 0 $ . To quantify this behaviour we calculate the Darwin drift , the total volume swept out by a material sheet of tracers , initially perpendicular to the swimmer path , during the swimmer motion . +0 We show that the activated behavior , the voltage threshold and the saturation current can all be quantitatively explained by considering a single optical phonon mode with energy $ \hbar \Omega \approx 8 $ meV . A linear increase of the current with voltage is obtained up to a threshold value at which current saturation takes place . +1 Classical solutions describing charged dilaton black holes accelerating in a background magnetic field have recently been found . They include the Ernst metric of the Einstein-Maxwell theory as a special case . +0 A faster and better characterized algorithm is desirable for the ultra high throughput data . Moreover , the theoretical properties of those existing methods are not well understood . +0 These solutions are then used to discuss a couple of recent papers in which such perturbations play a role . Locally these modes are coordinate transformations of the homogeneous background solutions ( although non-locally they are not ) . +1 Light scattering techniques are widely used in many fields of condensed and sof t matter physics . Usually these methods are based on the study of the scattered light in the far field . +0 The patterns in the bulk of the system are nearly isotropic , where the domain growth results mainly from the diffusion mechanism . The domains being close to the walls are lamellar-ordered , where the hydrodynamic effects dominate . +1 The increased penetration of uncertain and variable renewable energy presents various resource and operational electric grid challenges . Micro-level ( household and small commercial ) demand-side grid flexibility could be a cost-effective strategy to integrate high penetrations of wind and solar energy , but literature and field deployments exploring the necessary information and communication technologies ( ICTs ) are scant . +0 In addition , we find that for a given collision the observers in the bubble with smaller cosmological constant are safest from collisions with domain walls , possibly providing another anthropic selection principle for small positive vacuum energy . Unlike more conventional perturbations to the inflationary initial state , these signatures can survive even relatively long periods of inflation . +1 In this work , a facile preparation process of red-emission quantum dot films and simulation algorithm for fitting this film with two commercial LED flat lamps to the optimized performance are developed . Based on the algorithm , one lamp improves from cold-white light ( 8669 K ) with poor color rendition ( $ R_ { a } =72 $ ) and luminous efficacy ( 85 lm/W ) to warm-white light ( 2867 K ) with $ R_ { a } =90.8 $ and $ R_ { 9 } =74.9 $ , and the other reaches $ R_ { a } =93\sim95 $ . +0 Specifically , we address the transmit covariance optimization for secrecy-rate maximization ( SRM ) of that scenario . This paper considers the scenario of an intended multi-input single-output channel overheard by multiple multi-antenna eavesdroppers . +0 This difference does not depend on the amplitude of the exchange inhomogeneities and provides a separate gateway for a deeper analysis of the sample 's magnetic structure . We find that in the case of perpendicular scattering ( the incident neutron beam is perpendicular to the applied magnetic field ) if twice the cross section along the direction orthogonal to both the field and the neutron beam is subtracted from the cross section along the field direction , the result has only a third-order contribution ( the lower-order terms are canceled ) . +0 We suggest that magnetic spiral arms can be naturally generated in the interarm regions because the galactic fountain flow or wind is likely to be weaker there than in the arms . Galactic magnetic arms have been observed between the gaseous arms of some spiral galaxies ; their origin remains unclear . +0 The observation of UHE photons would extend the observed electromagnetic spectrum to highest energy and open a new channel for multimessenger observations in the universe . The composition of ultra-high energy ( UHE ) cosmic rays E & gt ; 10^17 eV is still unknown . +1 In this paper , the background models developed for three 12.5-kg NaI ( Tl ) detectors produced by Alpha Spectra Inc. and operated at the Canfranc Underground Laboratory are presented together with an evaluation of the background prospects for the full experiment . Measured spectra from threshold to high energy in different conditions are well described by the models based on quantified activities . +1 For YbIr2Si2 and YbRh2Si2 , renormalized band calculations yield two bands of opposite character . In YbRh2Si2 these two bands almost compensate each other . +0 The model we propose predicts that the $ \alpha $ -effect in galactic discs has opposite sign with respect to that resulting directly from the sign of the Coriolis force . The obtained expressions are equivalent to the formally derived helicity $ \alpha_d $ and diffusivity $ \eta_d $ in the first paper of this series . +1 The experimental data are explained by the interaction of the probe signal with Rabi-like oscillations . The latter are created by constructive interference of Landau-Zener-St\ '' { u } ckelberg-Majorana ( LZSM ) transitions during the driving period of the qubit . +1 We have developed a multidimensional radiation hydrodynamics code to simulate the interaction of radial stellar pulsation and convection for full amplitude pulsating models . Convection is computed using large eddy simulations . +1 We intrinsically characterize such common lines in terms of the unembedded geometric data detected in experiments . We show these common lines form a semi-algebraic set , i.e. , they are defined by polynomial equalities and inequalities . +0 In this paper , a hybrid quantum VQ encoding algorithm between classical method and quantum algorithm is presented . A pure quantum VQ encoding algorithm with probability of success near 100 % has been proposed , that performs operations 45sqrt ( N ) times approximately . +0 We propose inference and learning algorithms that leverage existing NMF algorithms and that are straightforward to implement . This is a desirable property for modeling problems in computational auditory scene analysis , since distinct sound sources in the environment are often well-modeled as combining additively in the corresponding magnitude spectrogram . +1 Super-maximal representations are shown to be \emph { totally non hyperbolic } , in the sense that every simple closed curve is mapped to a non hyperbolic element . They are also shown to be \emph { geometrizable } ( appart from the reducible super-maximal ones ) in the following very strong sense : for any element of the Teichm\ '' uller space $ \mathcal T_ { 0 , n } $ , there is a unique holomorphic equivariant map with values in the lower half-plane $ \mathbb H^- $ . +1 Then , within the Higher Tamm-Dancoff Approximation ( HTDA ) , which explicitly conserves the particle number , we calculate the same properties starting from the HFBCS solutions . The HTDA treatment of the ground-state correlations is converged within a n-particle-n-hole expansion using up to n=4 particle-hole excitations of the pair type ( in the sense of Cooper pairs ) . +0 We prove the new lower $ \Omega ( \sqrt { n } ) $ bound for a special family of radius 2 networks . Our argument can be extended to prove a lower bound of Omega ( \sqrt { nD } ) rounds for broadcasting in radio networks of radius D. This resolves one of the open problems posed in [ 29 ] , where in the authors proved a lower bound of $ \Omega ( n^ { 1/4 } ) rounds for broadcasting in constant diameter networks . +1 Such postulates enable us to reason about selecting alternative change options , and consequently to develop a machinery that automatically performs this task . We further argue that a possible implementation of such a change propagation process can be considered as a classical state space search in which each state represents a snapshot of the model in the process . +0 Motors are represented individually as bipolar springs governed by rate-based rules for attachment , detachment and unidirectional motion of motor heads along the filament contour . Our numerical scheme includes thermal fluctuations in filament positions , excluded volume interactions , and filament elasticity in the form of bending and stretching modes . +0 We express this assumption with a fully connected CRF model in which each node corresponds to a gallery and every pair of nodes are connected by an edge . In this paper , we assume that the matched gallery images should not only be similar to the probe , but also be similar to each other , under suitable metric . +1 This produces an approximate , not actual solution . The method developed here uses Kantorovich 's theorem to prove that an actual solution exists , thereby assuring that the manifold has a complete hyperbolic structure . +1 We use first principles calculations to study structural , vibrational and superconducting properties of H $ _2 $ S at pressures $ P\ge 200 $ GPa . The inclusion of zero point energy leads to two different possible dissociations of H $ _2 $ S , namely 3H $ _2 $ S $ \to $ 2H $ _3 $ S + S and 5H $ _2 $ S $ \to $ 3H $ _3 $ S + HS $ _2 $ , where both H $ _3 $ S and HS $ _2 $ are metallic . +1 It generalises previous work of Perrin-Riou , Howard , and the author , to the context of the work of Yuan-Zhang-Zhang on the archimedean Gross-Zagier formula and of Waldspurger on toric periods . We further construct analytic functions interpolating Heegner points in the anticyclotomic variables , and obtain a version of our formula for them . +0 In particular , we predict M_ { B_ { s1 } } -M_ { B_ { s0 } ^* } =46\pm 1 MeV . The masses for the analogous states with a bottom quark are predicted to be M_ { B^*_ { s0 } } = ( 5696\pm 40 ) MeV and M_ { B_ { s1 } } = ( 5742\pm 40 ) MeV in reasonable agreement with previous analyses . +0 Given an array of n integer keys each in [ 1 , n ] , if it is allowed to modify the keys in the range [ -n , n ] , idempotent permutations make it possible to obtain linearly ordered arrangement of the keys in O ( n ) time using only 4log ( n ) bits , setting the theoretical lower bound of time and space complexity of sorting . In this study , their combinatorial interpretation is given and their application on sorting is examined . +0 EBEX was the first experiment to operate a kilo-pixel array of transition-edge sensor bolometers and a continuously rotating achromatic half-wave plate aboard a balloon platform . EBEX was launched December 29 , 2012 and circumnavigated Antarctica observing $ \sim $ 6,000 square degrees of sky during 11 days at three frequency bands centered around 150 , 250 and 410 GHz . +0 However , mathematically , to find out a general Hamilton function is very difficult even for very simple problems . Generally , for a Hamilton dynamic system established by a set of general velocity functions , several abstract theories have been well established , such as Lie algebra , Symplectic manifold , Poisson brackets , and others . +1 The potential is antisymmetric with respect to valleys , and some straightforward applications are found for Raman spectroscopy . We show that a valley-antisymmetric potential broadens Raman $ D $ band but does not affect $ 2D $ band , which is already observed by recent experiments . +1 Comparing two quantum protocols in the context of first-price sealed bid auctions , we find the one predicted to be superior by game theory also performs better experimentally . We also compare with a conventional first price auction , which gives higher performance . +1 We investigate a simple arrangement of coupled harmonic oscillators which brings out some interesting effects concerning creation of entanglement . It is well known that if each member in a linear chain of coupled harmonic oscillators is prepared in a `` classical state '' , such as a pure coherent state or a mixed thermal state , no entanglement is created in the rotating wave approximation . +1 In the case of the symmetric two-group model , we establish an explicit `single-letter ' characterization of the per-vertex mutual information between the vertex labels and the graph . The explicit expression of the mutual information is intimately related to estimation-theoretic quantities , and -- in particular -- reveals a phase transition at the critical point for community detection . +0 The method provides a leading-order description of hard multi-jet configurations together with jet fragmentation , while avoiding the most serious problems of double counting . The matrix elements are modified by Sudakov form factors and the parton showers are subjected to a veto procedure to cancel dependence on $ y_ { ini } $ to next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy . +1 It is proposed that a critical test of which theory is correct is the dependence of $ T_c $ on hole doping : the hole mechanism predicts that $ T_c $ will drop rapidly to zero as holes are added , while the electron-phonon mechanism appears to predict increasing $ T_c $ for a substantial range of hole doping . Furthermore , the hole mechanism and electron-phonon mechanism differ qualitatively in their predictions of the effect on $ T_c $ of change in the $ B-B $ distances . +0 To solve the equations governing the dynamics of electromagnetic fields the method of eigen-mode separation is applied previously developed with reference to inhomogeneous systems subject to arbitrary external static potential . The influence of random surface inhomogeneities on spectral properties of open microresonators is studied both theoretically and experimentally . +0 A key issue in the design of such systems , is the revelation of users ' trusted social contacts to an adversary-information that is considered sensitive in today 's society . Social network based trust relationships present a critical foundation for designing trustworthy systems , such as Sybil defenses , secure routing , and anonymous/censorshipresilient communications . +1 Using the ( dynamical ) density-matrix renormalization group method , we study the low-energy physics of three-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model where the periodic boundary conditions are applied in the rung direction . We confirm that the spin excitations are always gapped as long as the intra-ring couplings form a regular triangle . +0 The structure of the graph of $ c ( a ) $ is surprisingly rich . ( Here $ a \ge 1 $ is the ratio of the area of the large axis to that of the smaller axis . ) +0 A minimizing solution is known to exist . In particular , we show that the problem is an instance of the classical problem of Bolza in the calculus of variations . +0 The spectral function of quarkonium is calculated for this case and found to be in remarkable agreement with the corresponding results for an isotropic medium . To test for the maximal effect , we also investigate a gluonic medium in the limit of an asymptotically strong anisotropy . +1 Here it is shown that the entire range from 5.7 to 7.5 is well described by a power series of the lattice spacing $ a $ times the lambda lattice mass scale $ \Lambda_L $ , using asymptotic scaling in the 2-loop and 3-loop approximations for $ a\Lambda_L $ . In both cases identical ratios for gradient flows versus deconfinement observables are obtained . +1 Grain size increased with HT time at both 600C and 700C . Jc and hence Fp decreased monotonically but not linearly with grain size . +1 The accuracy of the free energy reaches $ 10^ { -26 } $ . Basing on these accurate data , we determine exact expansions of the critical free energy , internal energy and specific heat . +1 This automated method will allow us to take full advantage of a host of available data on galaxies in order to calculate total hydrogen volume densities of giant molecular clouds surrounding sites of recent star formation . So far this was only possible on a galaxy-by-galaxy basis using by-eye analysis of candidate photodissociation regions . +1 SmB6 is a typical KI , but its resistivity does not diverge at low temperatures , which was attributed to some in-gap states 3-10 . However after several decades of research , the nature and origin of the in-gap states remain unclear . +0 The gamma-ray line from decay of radioactive 26Al could be measured at unpredecented spectroscopic precision . Diffuse nucleosynthesis is studied through 26Al , 60Fe , and positron annihilation gamma-ray measurements . +1 We investigate the distribution of Faraday rotation measure ( RM ) in the M87 jet at arc-second scales by using archival polarimetric VLA data at 8 , 15 , 22 and 43 GHz . We resolve the structure of the RM in several knots along the jet for the first time . +0 The critical exponents of the model are calculated and indicate that its phase transition belongs to the directed percolation universality class of critical behavior , as it would be expected on the basis of the directed percolation conjecture . In this short article we characterize the critical behavior of Stavskaya 's PCA by means of Monte Carlo simulations and finite-size scaling analysis . +1 Furthermore , it is shown that one of the strongest forms of the word problem in a group $ G $ ( we call it the { \em hereditary word problem } ) can be reduced to $ \mathbf { GPCP } _n $ in $ G $ in polynomial time . The main results are that $ \mathbf { PCP } _n $ is decidable in a finitely generated nilpotent group in polynomial time , while $ \mathbf { GPCP } _n $ is undecidable in any group containing free non-abelian subgroup ( though the argument is very different from the classical case of free semigroups ) . +1 The same data put tight limits on other sources of anisotropy . Cosmic strings are a particularly interesting alternate source to constrain . +0 It only depends on standard C libraries and should therefore be easy to compile and install on any platform . The library implements both Lee and Richards ' and Shrake and Rupley 's approximations , and is highly configurable to allow the user to control molecular parameters , accuracy and output granularity . +0 Explicit calculations are carried out within the gauge theory prototypical example of the quartic matrix model . Large N resurgent transseries compute gauge-theoretic finite N results nonperturbatively ( no matter how small N is ) . +0 The purpose of this paper is to develop Mallat 's theory further by allowing for general convolution kernels , or in more technical parlance , general semi-discrete shift-invariant frames ( including Weyl-Heisenberg , curvelet , shearlet , ridgelet , and wavelet frames ) and general Lipschitz-continuous non-linearities ( e.g. , rectified linear units , shifted logistic sigmoids , hyperbolic tangents , and modulus functions ) , as well as pooling through sub-sampling , all of which can be different in different network layers . Specifically , Mallat considered so-called scattering networks based on semi-discrete shift-invariant wavelet frames and modulus non-linearities in each network layer , and proved translation invariance ( asymptotically in the wavelet scale parameter ) and deformation stability of the corresponding feature extractor . +1 A good cover in R^d is a collection of open contractible sets in R^d such that the intersection of any subcollection is either contractible or empty . Motivated by an analogy with convex sets , intersection patterns of good covers were studied intensively . +1 We adopt a simple Roche model to determine the envelope structure of the primary , assumed massive and centrally condensed , and use the results to calculate the flux . As for single rotating stars , gravity darkening reduces the flux along the stellar equator of the primary , but , unlike for rotating stars , we find that gravity brightening enhances the flux in a region around the stellar poles . +0 As the dead-end of petroleum based industry has started to appear , today 's modern society has to implement alternative energy and valuable chemical resources immediately . The demand for petroleum dependent chemicals and materials has been increasing despite the dwindling of their fossil resources . +0 Detailed Monte Carlo simulations were performed to fully test the source detection method and to derive the sky coverage to be used in the computation of the logN-logS relations . A maximum likelihood source detection was performed in the 0.5-2 keV , 2-4.5 keV and 4.5-10 keV energy bands and 1390 point-like sources were detected in at least one band . +1 These high-intensity GeV-range proton drivers are particularly challenging , encountering duty cycle and space-charge limits in the synchrotron and machine size concerns in the weaker-focusing cyclotrons ; a 10-20 MW proton driver is not presently considered technically achievable with conventional re-circulating accelerators . One , as-yet , unexplored re-circulating accelerator , the Fixed-field Alternating Gradient , or FFAG , is an attractive alternative to the cyclotron . +0 Using the background field method we consider the covariantly gauge fixed Einstein-Hilbert action with cosmological constant , and find a worldline representation of the differential operators identified by its quadratic approximation . We develop a worldline approach to quantum gravity in D=4 . +0 The multiple fiber facility FLAMES/GIRAFFE at the VLT , with the large IFU ARGUS , was used to obtain spatially resolved optical spectra in four regions covering the northeast and southwest side of the disk . We set out to recover a complete image of the Fe I and Ca II gas emission around { \beta } Pic by spatially resolved , high-resolution spectroscopic observations to better understand the morphology and origin of the gaseous disk component . +0 It follows that a curvaton-like mechanism for generating $ \zeta $ requires an alternative to slow roll such as k-inflation . First , the inflaton perturbation must account for much more than $ 10\ % $ of the curvature perturbation $ \zeta $ , which barring fine-tuning means that it accounts for practically all of it . +0 The model is examined in its three fundamental dynamical regimes : silence , bistability and repetitive firing . The response of the Hodgkin-Huxley neuronal model subjected to stochastic uncorrelated spike trains originating from a large number of inhibitory and excitatory post-synaptic potentials is analyzed in detail . +1 One prediction of particle acceleration in the supernova remnants in the magnetic wind of exploding Wolf Rayet and Red Super Giant stars is that the final spectrum is a composition of a spectrum $ E^ { -7/3 } $ and a polar cap component of $ E^ { -2 } $ at the source . This polar cap component contributes to the total energy content with only a few percent , but dominates the spectrum at higher energy . +0 The mass transfer rates are usually estimated in terms of the Kelvin-Helmholtz timescale of the donor star . Thermal timescale mass transfer generally occurs in close binaries where the donor star is more massive than the accreting star . +1 In this paper , we characterize the trees with $ n $ vertices whose complements have the maximal , second-maximal and minimal matching energy . Further , we determine the trees with a perfect matching whose complements have the second-maximal matching energy . +1 Via detailed analysis of the ETV curves using high-level analytic approximations , we are able to extract system masses and information about the three-dimensional characteristics of the triple for 62 systems which exhibit both LTTE and dynamical delays ; for the remaining 160 systems we give improved LTTE solutions . New techniques of preprocessing the flux time series are applied to eliminate false positive triples and to enhance the ETV curves . +1 We illustrate our idea in an experimentally feasible circuit quantum electrodynamics scenario . Due to the intrinsic competition with the atom-field coupling strength , we first demonstrate that this atom-atom interaction can exhibit a novel topological quantum interference effect arising from the instanton and anti-instanton tunneling paths . +0 We compute the dispersion in the position and velocity of such a black hole , and examine whether it achieves a state of equipartition of kinetic energy with the stars . An example of such a system is a massive black hole immersed in a cluster of stars . +1 Overall shape of the L-dwarf spectra is governed by the K I + Na I resonance line wings of the huge strength . To fit lithium lines observed in spectra of the coolest dwarfs we used two additional suggestions : a ) there are some EXTRA depletions of molecular species absorbed in the optical spectra of L-dwarfs ; b ) there may be ( a few ? ) +0 We find that the individual cross section measurements are self-consistent , and that the new global analysis yields results that are still inconsistent with polarization measurements . We present here a global reanalysis of the cross section data aimed at understanding the disagreement between the Rosenbluth extraction and the polarization transfer data . +1 Furthermore , clear charge disproportionation is observed for the pseudo cubic and double-layer systems , while not in the single-layer system . These results indicate that the orbital shape and charge disproportionation are sensitive to the dimension of Mn-O network . +0 Editor 's note ; 2 . Contents : 1 . +0 Formation of these species is thought to be the initial stage of electron localization in such media . Ionization of polar liquids and glasses often yields metastable electron centers collectively known as weakly bound ( wb ) electrons that absorb to the red of the ground state of the solvated/trapped electron . +0 The functional dependence of the carrying capacities reflects the fact that the correlations between populations can be realized not merely through direct interactions , as in the usual predator-prey Lotka-Volterra model , but also through the influence of species on the carrying capacities of each other . A class of models is introduced describing the evolution of population species whose carrying capacities are functionals of these populations . +1 We show that there is a region $ \Omega\subseteq ( 0,2\pi ) \times R^+ $ such that there exists at least one local minimizer of the Lagrangian action functional on the path space satisfying SPBC $ \ { q ( t ) \in H^1 ( [ 0 , T ] , $ $ ( \mathbf { R } ^2 ) ^4 ) | $ $ q ( 0 ) \in $ $ \mathbf { A } , q ( T ) \in $ $ \mathbf { B } \ } $ for any $ ( \theta , \mu ) \in \Omega $ . The corresponding minimizing path of the minimizer can be extended to a non-homographic periodic solution if $ \theta $ is commensurable with $ \pi $ or a quasi-periodic solution if $ \theta $ is not commensurable with $ \pi $ . +0 The master Lagrangians turn out to be the NC versions of the so-called affine Toda model coupled to matter fields ( NCATM $ _ { 1,2 } $ ) , in which the Toda field $ g $ belongs to certain subgroups of $ GL ( 3 ) $ , and the matter fields lie in the higher grading directions of an affine Lie algebra . Our method relies on the master Lagrangian approach to deal with dual theories . +0 We found that the most efficient way of calculating the average abundance of elements when several spectral lines are available is to use a weighted mean ( WM ) where as a weight we considered the distance from the median abundance . Then we were able to make an efficient even footing comparison of the [ X/Fe ] scatter between the elements that have different number of observable spectral lines in the studied spectra . +1 The perturbations , which are confined near the peak of the light curves , can be easily distinguished from the central perturbations caused by planets . However , the degeneracy between close and wide binary solutions can not be resolved with a $ 3\sigma $ confidence level for 3 events , implying that the degeneracy would be an important obstacle in studying binary distributions . +0 Within this extended model , we study the online Greedy BST algorithm introduced by DHIKP . In this paper we extend the geometric binary search tree ( BST ) model of Demaine , Harmon , Iacono , Kane , and Patrascu ( DHIKP ) to accommodate for insertions and deletions . +0 In principle , this extended formalism ( $ STUVWX $ ) must be used when there are light new particles in loops . Our analysis entails an extended version of the $ STU $ oblique parametrization of Peskin and Takeuchi . +0 Apart from the Cepheid variables in this galaxy already reported in an earlier paper by Pietrzynski et al . We have performed a search for variable stars in the dwarf irregular galaxy NGC 6822 using wide-field multi-epoch VI photometry down to a limiting magnitude $ V $ $ \sim $ 22 . +0 We investigate two distinct sensing scenarios . No statistical information about the primary traffic is assumed to be available a-priori to the secondary user . +0 Here , we propose an atomic model exhibiting these properties , based on a generalization of amplification without inversion in a five-level DIGS system . Transparent media exhibiting anomalous dispersion have been of considerable interest since Wang , Kuzmich , and Dogariu [ Nature { \bf 406 } , 277 ( 2000 ) ] first observed light propagate with superluminal and negative group velocities without absorption . +1 The detection of hadronic ionization signatures in spatial coincidence with gamma ray signatures can help to unambiguously identify supernova remnants as sources of cosmic ray protons . Methods : In order to calculate hadronic signatures from cosmic ray-induced ionization for an examination of the origin of the observed gamma rays , the transport equation for cosmic ray protons propagating in a molecular cloud , including the relevant momentum loss processes , is solved analytically and the proton flux at any position in the cloud is determined . +1 Intuitively , a reduction in the quantumness requires an increase in the amount of classical computation , hence giving a `` quantum and classical tradeoff '' . In this paper we present two results on this direction . +0 It also explains some properties of the moduli of MSP fields such as the cosection localisation , the properness of the degeneracy locus , and a torus action on the moduli.. It discusses key ideas that lead to the definition of MSP fields and how moduli of stable maps to the quintic and that of 5-spin curves appear in the moduli of MSP fields . +1 We use emission line diagnostics to compare a sample of 14 clumpy ( unstable ) disks and a sample of 13 smoother ( stable ) disks at redshift z~0.7 . The majority of clumpy disks in our sample have a high probability of containing AGN . +1 A 'noncommutative Maxwell ' model is built starting from non trivial fiber bundles thus requiring the development of the notion of Riemannian structure . The tools involved in the study of associative algebras are presented and an algebraic method to characterize the usual Chern-Weil morphism is proposed . +0 The speed of advance varies by a small factor for jet densities between 0.1 and 0.0001 of the ambient density while the cocoon and cavity evolution change from narrow pressure balanced to wide over-pressure as the ratio falls . We find that the jet density has limited influence on the structure for a given jet Mach number . +0 We analytically show that the EMT tensor of the inflaton fluctuations grows initially in time , but saturates to the value H^2 H ( 0 ) ^2 , where H is the Hubble parameter and H ( 0 ) is its value when inflation has started . The resulting renormalized EMT is covariantly conserved and agrees with the Allen-Folacci result in the de Sitter limit , when the expansion is exactly linearly exponential in time . +1 At the transition to jamming , we observe finite-size effects in a variety of quantities describing the flow and the density correlations , but only if the maximum speed $ V_ { \text { max } } $ is larger than a certain value . A finite-size scaling analysis of several order parameters shows universal behavior , with scaling exponents that depend on $ V_ { \text { max } } $ . +0 We find these uncertainties to be more pronounced at the larger missing momenta explored by the ( gamma , p ) reaction . We discuss the sensitivity of the results to the choice of parameters for the binding and final state interactions . +1 A special law of variation for the Hubble parameter proposed by Berman ( 1983 ) has been utilized to solve the field equations . The Berman 's law yields two explicit forms of the scale factor governing the FRW space-time and constant values of deceleration parameter . +1 PNR was measured in an external magnetic field H applied in the plane of the sample with the magnetization M confined in the plane for { \mu } _o H= 6.0 T and partially out of plane at 0.65 T. Nominal thicknesses of the Co and Pd layers were 2.5 { \AA } and 21 { \AA } , respectively . Because of these small values , the actual layer chemical composition , thickness , and interface roughness parameters were determined from the nuclear scattering length density profile ( { \rho } _n ) and its derivative obtained from both x-ray reflectivity and PNR , and uncertainties were determined using Monte Carlo analysis . +1 We present an X-ray study of the high metallicity young open cluster Blanco 1 based on XMM -- Newton data . X-ray spectroscopy of cluster members is presented for the first time as well as new X-ray distribution functions of late-type stars . +0 Here , by taking instead of the cardinality of $ X $ the parameter defined by $ d : = \frac { \diam ( X ) } { \gcd\ { x - y | x , y \in X\ } } $ , we show that the order of $ A \setminus X $ is bounded above by $ ( \frac { h ( h + 3 ) } { 2 } + d \frac { h ( h - 1 ) ( h + 4 ) } { 6 } ) $ . If the parameter in question is the cardinality of $ X $ , Nathanson and Nash already obtained some of such upper bounds , which can be seen as polynomials in $ h $ with degree $ ( |X| + 1 ) $ . +0 This is accomplished here by estimating coefficients for an approximate inertial form . The practical issue , with the NARMAX representation as with any other , is to identify an efficient structure , i.e. , one with a small number of terms and coefficients . +0 are widely used for path planning on grids . Square grids are commonly used in robotics and game development as spatial models and well known in AI community heuristic search algorithms ( such as A* , JPS , Theta* etc . ) +1 This star is also ultra-Be deficient . Relative to Be in the Li-normal stars at [ Fe/H ] = $ - $ 2.7 , G 182-26 is down in Be by more than 0.8 dex . +1 The optical contrast $ C $ of a single graphene layer on any of those substrates is determined by calculating the optical properties of a two-dimensional metallic sheet on the surface of a dielectric , which yields values between $ C= $ ~- 1.5 % ( G/TiO $ _2 $ ) and $ C= $ ~- 8.8 % ( G/CaF $ _2 $ ) . This contrast is in reasonable agreement with experimental data and is sufficient to make identification by an optical microscope possible . +0 First , we consider a highly expressive terminological language , called ALCNR , including general complements of concepts , number restrictions and role conjunction . The new features studied , often required in practical applications , can be summarized in three main points . +0 Observations of the photocenter variability in two AGNs , SDSS J121855+020002 and SDSS J162011+1724327 have been reported and discussed . We discuss possible detection of these effects by Gaia . +1 The exciton-exciton interaction energy of Tellurium doped CdSe colloidal quantum dots is experimentally investigated . The dots exhibit a strong Coulomb repulsion between the two excitons , which results in a huge measured biexciton blue shift of up to 300 meV . +1 We study the optimization of nonperturbative renormalization group equations truncated both in fields and derivatives . On the example of the Ising model in three dimensions , we show that the Principle of Minimal Sensitivity can be unambiguously implemented at order $ \partial^2 $ of the derivative expansion . +0 Key results are that both the solar and stellar data are consistent with a common scaling law of EM_p ~ T_p^4.7 , but the stellar flares exhibit ~250 times higher emission measures ( at the same flare peak temperature ) . In this study we compile for the first time comprehensive data sets of solar and stellar flare parameters , including flare peak temperatures T_p , flare peak volume emission measures EM_p , and flare durations t_f from both solar and stellar data , as well as flare length scales L from solar data . +1 This setting was considered previously by Kalai et al . ( ICS 2011 ) who suggested that this was a natural model for human communication , and efficient schemes for compression here could give insights into the behavior of natural languages.Kalai et al . +0 Such particles are produced through the interactions with other fields , whose mass terms are varying due to a time-dependent background . In this paper we have shown that it is possible to induce particle production even if the mass term of a particle species is not varying in time . +0 To incorporate the explanatory power of these observed characteristics , we propose a new two-step estimation procedure : ( i ) regress the data onto the observables , and ( ii ) take the principal components of the fitted data to estimate the loadings and factors . In diffusion index forecasts , identified factors are strongly related to several directly measurable economic variables such as consumption-wealth variable , financial ratios , and term spread . +1 Using 535 x 10^6 B-meson pairs collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB e+ e- collider , we measure branching fractions of ( 7.16 +/- 0.10 ( stat ) +/- 0.60 ( syst ) ) x 10^-4 for B+ - & gt ; J/psi K+ pi+ pi- and ( 4.31 +/- 0.20 ( stat ) +/- 0.50 ( syst ) ) x 10^-4 for B+ - & gt ; psi-prime K+ pi+ pi- . We perform amplitude analyses to determine the resonant structure of the K+ pi+ pi- final state in B+ - & gt ; J/psi K+ pi+ pi- and B+ - & gt ; psi-prime K+ pi+ pi- and find that the K_1 ( 1270 ) is a prominent component of both decay modes . +1 The problem is nonlinear and ill-posed . By a specific form of Fourier transforms , we shall show that the heat source is determined uniquely by the minimum boundary condition and the temperature distribution in $ \Omega $ at the initial time $ t=0 $ and at the final time $ t=1 $ . +0 We also measure the polar and azimuthal anchoring strengths in nematic liquid crystal ( NLC ) cells aligned by the azo-dye films and derive the anchoring strengths as functions of the dichroic ratio . From the absorption dichroism spectra measured in the azo-dye films that are prepared from the azo-dye derivative with polymerizable terminal groups ( SDA-2 ) we obtain dependence of the dichroic ratio on the irradiation dose . +1 Direct N-body calculations are presented of the early evolution of exposed clusters to quantify the influence of gas expulsion on the time-varying surface brightness . By assuming that the embedded OB stars drive out most of the gas after a given time delay , the change of the surface brightness of expanding star clusters is studied . +0 In order to understand the mechanisms of photon propagation in LEBS in the subdiffusion regime , it is imperative to develop analytical and numerical models that describe the statistical properties of photon trajectories . In LEBS , enhanced backscattering is observed under illumination with spatial coherence length L_sc less than the scattering mean free path l_s . +0 The points of emphasis are : ( i ) The magnetic ordering temperature of Cr appears to be suppressed compared to that in isostructural Nd counterpart , NdCrTiO5 , for which the Neel temperature is about 21 K. This finding on the Gd compound suggests that Nd 4f orbital plays a role on the magnetism of Cr in contrast to a proposal long ago . We have carried out dc magnetization ( M ) , heat-capacity ( C ) and dielectric studies down to 2K for the compound GdCrTiO5 , crystallizing in orthorhombic Pbam structure , in which well-known multiferroics RMn2O5 ( R= Rare-earths ) form . +1 We consider non-smooth functions of ( truncated ) Wiener -- Hopf type operators on the Hilbert space $ L^2 ( \mathbb R^d ) $ . Our main results are uniform estimates for trace norms ( $ d\ge 1 $ ) and quasiclassical asymptotic formulas for traces of the resulting operators ( $ d=1 $ ) . +1 In tropical algebraic geometry , the solution sets of polynomial equations are piecewise-linear . We introduce the tropical variety of a polynomial ideal , and we identify it with a polyhedral subcomplex of the Grobner fan . +0 Next , we consider the incomplete information scenario , where each annotator is strategic and holds the respective noise rate as a private information . For this scenario , we derive sample complexity bound for the Minimum Disagreement Algorithm ( MDA ) on the number of labeled examples to be obtained from each annotator . +1 All parameters of such model are derived rigorously on the basis of first-principles electronic structure calculations . In order to solve this model we employ the optimized effective potential method and treat the correlation interactions in the random phase approximation . +0 The density dependence parameters of the interaction are extracted from the nuclear matter calculations . The daughter nuclei density distributions are folded with a realistic density dependent M3Y effective interaction supplemented by a zero-range pseudo-potential . +0 In this paper , we explore the prospects for using low-frequency radio observations of the redshifted 21 cm signal from the epoch of reionization to further constrain neutrino masses . However , the best constraints on this mass currently come from cosmology , via measurements of the cosmic microwave background and large scale structure . +1 This paper contains the contributions corresponding to the Feynman diagrams with zero or one vector propagator lines . These are the ones needed to obtain the pole masses of the neutral and charged Higgs scalar bosons in supersymmetry , neglecting only the purely electroweak parts at two-loop order . +1 The X-ray emitting plasma reaches temperatures up to 50\ , MK , and is embedded within the un-shocked , `` cool '' stellar wind as revealed by characteristic spectral signatures . We detect a fluorescent Fe line at approx 6.4 keV . +0 We compare our form factors to the pole dominance hypothesis and the heavy quark limit . From a fit to ARGUS and CLEO data on B- & gt ; D*lv semileptonic decay we find for the Cabbibo Kobayashi Maskawa matrix element Vcb=0.036+-0.003 . +0 An extension of the model including the Fisher 's term is also studied . The model exhibits a 1-st order phase transition of the liquid-gas type . +0 D. dissertation by Behtash Babadi [ 2 ] , this error was fixed and a more detailed proof in the non-asymptotic regime was presented . In Chapter 2 of the Ph . +1 As a test case we show that a halo dwarf of 0.85 Msun with an extended overshooting envelope starting with an initial abundance of A ( Li ) = 2.74 would burn Li completely , but an accretion rate of the type 1e-8xe^ { -t/3e6 } Msun yr $ ^ { -1 } $ would restore Li to end with an A ( Li ) = 2.31 . A self-regulating process is required to produce similar final values in a range of different stellar masses to explain the PopII Spite plateau . +1 Formally , the magnitude of a graph is both a rational function over Q and a power series over Z . It shares features with one of the most important of all graph invariants , the Tutte polynomial ; for instance , magnitude is invariant under Whitney twists when the points of identification are adjacent . +0 Aban , Meerschaert and Panorska ( 2006 ) derived the maximum likelihood estimator for the Pareto tail index of a truncated Pareto distribution with a right truncation point $ T $ . Recently attention has been drawn to practical problems with the use of unbounded Pareto distributions , for instance when there are natural upper bounds that truncate the probability tail . +0 Its complexity is polynomial . The observation probability of target state is not improved by designing unitary transform , but oracle function . +0 ( Szeged ) 24 ( 1963 ) , 34-59 ) is adapted to provide an alternative proof to a well-known fact that every finite distributive lattice is representable , seen as a special case of the Finite Lattice Representation Problem . A partial algebra construction of Gr\ '' atzer and Schmidt from `` Characterizations of congruence lattices of abstract algebras '' ( Acta Sci.Math . +1 Clustering analysis is one of the data mining applications and K-means clustering algorithm is the fundamental algorithm for modern clustering techniques . K-means clustering algorithm is traditional approach and iterative algorithm . +0 Wireless Mesh Network ( WMN ) is an emerging new technology which is being adopted as the wireless internetworking solution for the near future . An increasingly popular type of wireless access is the so-called Wireless Mesh Networks ( WMNs ) that provide wireless connectivity through much cheaper and more flexible backhaul infrastructure compared with wired solutions . +1 The Swift Burst Alert Telescope ( BAT ) is a huge ( 5200 cm2 ) coded aperture imager that will detect gamma-ray bursts in real time and provide a location that the Swift satellite will use to slew the optical and x-ray telescopes . The huge size of BAT is a challenge for the on-board triggering : a change as small as 1 % is equivalent to a 1 sigma statistical variation in 1 second . +0 We show that the next-to-leading order corrections in alpha_s to the color-singlet transition significantly raise the differential cross section at high pT and substantially affect the polarization of the Upsilon . We update the theoretical predictions for direct Y ( nS ) hadroproduction in the framework of NRQCD . +0 Though the the latter has been often regarded as the same phenomena as the former , the result here suggests it is not ; its radiation has a temperature twice as high as the Hawking temperature . The radiation from the former is the Hawking 's original one . +0 The proposed dark energy mechanism could be experimentally verified through cosmological observations by the Euclid experiment , as well as by studying properties of dark photons and sterile neutrinos . As an example , we argue that such screening mass can result from strong localization of the vector mediators . +0 At the field where a first vortex enters the detector , the effect of the magnetic field is reduced , up until the point where the critical current of the detector starts to be determined by flux flow . At low fields , the effect of a magnetic field is through the direct modification of the quasiparticle density of states of the superconductor , and magnetic field and bias current are interchangable , as is expected for homogeneous dirty-limit superconductors . +1 It is shown that , for these metals , H_fv is underestimated considerably by DFT . The aim of the present work is to bridge the gap between the estimates made by DFT calculations and experiments . +1 Employing this capability over all five 3D-HST/CANDELS fields provides a sample of 2676 galaxies . By creating deep stacked Halpha ( Ha ) images , we reach surface brightness limits of 1x10^-18\erg\s\cm^2\arcsec^2 , allowing us to map the distribution of ionized gas out to & gt ; 10kpc for typical L* galaxies at this epoch . +0 We work with an approximation that is trustworthy for large fields eH & gt ; \Lambda_ { QCD } ^2 but is not restricted to the lowest Landau level . To this end we apply the Ritus formalism to the coupled set of ( truncated ) Dyson-Schwinger equations for the quark and gluon propagator under the presence of an external constant Abelian magnetic field . +1 In this work we clarify the relationship between the coupling function and the dynamics . We focus on cases where the clusters are inequivalent in the sense of not being related by a temporal symmetry , and demonstrate that there are coupling functions that give robust heteroclinic networks between periodic states involving three or more nontrivial clusters . +0 Recent discoveries of variable L/T transition dwarfs argued for patchy clouds in at least some ultracool atmospheres . Condensate clouds strongly impact the spectra of brown dwarfs and exoplanets . +0 Particular computational models can then be encoded as an axiomatic set of such rules . In particular , this allows equations and rewrite rules to be specified between graphs . +1 Models for the evolution of the integrated energy spectrum of primary cosmic ray electrons in clusters of galaxies have been calculated , including the effects of losses due to inverse Compton ( IC ) , synchrotron , and bremsstrahlung emission , and Coulomb losses to the intracluster medium ( ICM ) . The combined time scale for these losses reaches a maximum of ~3e9 yr for electrons with a Lorentz factor ~300 . +0 Moreover , some applications require that we use combinatorially equivalent rectangular layouts to represent multiple area assignment functions . In these applications , an area $ a ( r ) $ is assigned to each rectangle $ r $ , and the actual area of $ r $ in $ \mathcal { L } $ is required to be $ a ( r ) $ . +0 We also show that the remaining second-order coefficient c_2 '' depends on non-perturbative physics but can be related , by a perturbative calculation , to quantities that have previously been measured using lattice simulations of three-dimensional O ( 2 ) scalar field theory . In this paper , we show that the coefficient c_2 ' can be computed perturbatively . +0 However , a classical model has been recently put forward that can reproduce peculiar expectation values , reminiscent of weak values . These results can not be explained in terms of conditional probabilistic outcomes of projective measurements . +0 The determination of an optimal coordinate for the description of stochastic dynamics . The method aims to solve three related problems . +1 This compound undergoes a superconducting transition at $ T_ { c } $ = 3.75 K at $ H $ = 0 . The $ H $ - $ T $ diagram of Sn-MG is similar to that of a quasi two-dimensional superconductors . +0 In the entire range of density and mobility we have investigated , we observe microwave induced oscillations of large amplitude that are B-periodic . We have measured the magneto-resistance of a two-dimensional electron gas ( 2DEG ) under continuous microwave irradiation as a function of electron density and mobility tuned with a metallic top-gate . +1 Such polar QP-40 burst activities were found to correlate well with arrivals of high-speed solar winds at Jupiter . We advance the physical scenario that the inner radiation belt ( IRB ) within ~2-3 Jupiter 's radius , where ralativistic electrons are known to be trapped via synchrotron emissions , can execute global QP-40 magnetoinertial oscillations excited by arrivals of high-speed solar winds . +1 We have measured the magneto-resistance of a two-dimensional electron gas ( 2DEG ) under continuous microwave irradiation as a function of electron density and mobility tuned with a metallic top-gate . In the entire range of density and mobility we have investigated , we observe microwave induced oscillations of large amplitude that are B-periodic . +0 We give very strong guaranties on the correctness of our algorithm by proving formally that it is correct , using the COQ proof assistant . In more details , we provide a new algorithm for the problem of universal gathering mobile oblivious robots ( that is , starting from any initial configuration that is not bivalent , using any number of robots , the robots reach in a finite number of steps the same position , not known beforehand ) without relying on a common orientation nor chirality . +0 The combined time scale for these losses reaches a maximum of ~3e9 yr for electrons with a Lorentz factor ~300 . Models for the evolution of the integrated energy spectrum of primary cosmic ray electrons in clusters of galaxies have been calculated , including the effects of losses due to inverse Compton ( IC ) , synchrotron , and bremsstrahlung emission , and Coulomb losses to the intracluster medium ( ICM ) . +0 Most IB simulations represent their structures with piecewise-linear approximations and utilize Hookean spring models to approximate structural forces . Operators are defined for transmitting information ( forces and velocities ) between these two representations . +1 Since these defects form even upon annealing in vacuum of TiN-capped films their formation is not due to oxidation . The pyramidal defects are absent when the erbium disilicide forms on amorphous substrates , which suggests that epitaxial strains play an important role in their formation . +1 This equation was originally introduced to model phase separation in binary alloys , where phase stands for concentration of different components in alloy . When the binary alloy under preparation is subjected to a rapid reduction in temperature below a critical temperature , it has been experimentally observed that the concentration changes from a mixed state to a visibly distinct spatially separated two phase for binary alloy . +0 As a rule , such modified gravities are expressed implicitly ( in terms of special functions ) with late-time asymptotics of known type ( for instance , the model with negative and positive powers of curvature ) . $ \Lambda $ CDM cosmology without cosmological constant . +0 At a macroscopic level the model seems to display a continuous transition from a fluid phase to a jammed phase when varying the density of the spheres ( the amount of cars in a city-like scenario ) and a discontinuous jump when varying the connectivity of the underlying network . At a mesoscopic level it respects an , again suitable adapted , version of the Lighthill-Whitham model , which belongs to the fluid-dynamical approach to the problem . +1 Our results show that the coupling of particle-hole states to higher-order configurations produces sizable effects compared with first-order RPA . A much improved description of the isovector dipole and isoscalar quadrupole resonances is obtained , thanks in part to the more fundamental treatment of the nucleon effective mass offered by SRPA . +1 We investigated the formation of cocontinuous structures in polymer blends . These polymeric bijels ( bicontinuous interfacially jammed emulsion gels ) were composed of polystyrene oligomer , polybutene and fluorescent hydrophobic silica nanoparticles . +0 We present a natural approximation algorithm and show that it is a 7/4-approximation for 2D grids . The associated clustering problem is as follows : Given n points in Re^d , find k points that minimize their average pairwise L1 distance . +1 The ( e , e $ ' $ pp ) cross sections are predicted to exhibit a sizeable sensitivity to the SRC . The contribution from the two-nucleon breakup channel to the semi-exclusive $ ^ { 12 } $ C ( e , e $ ' $ p ) cross section is calculated in the kinematics of a recent NIKHEF-K experiment . +0 These changes are consistent with state changes of LMC X-3 from the soft state to the canonical hard state of galactic black hole candidates . During episodes of especially low luminosity ( ASM count rates & lt ; 0.6 counts/sec ) , kT strongly decreases and the power law significantly hardens to a photon index of ~1.8 . +0 At the elliptic level it yields a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation as an integral operator with an elliptic hypergeometric kernel . In particular , the Bailey chain technique , used for proving Rogers-Ramanujan type identities , has been generalized to integrals . +0 The morphology shown on the new deep HST/ACS image is reminiscent of a spider 's web . The galaxy is known to have properties of a cD galaxy progenitor and be surrounded by a 3 Mpc-sized structure , identified with a protocluster . +0 Using the discrete-dipole-approximation , we compute the scattering phase function and linear polarization for random aggregates with various sizes and porosities , and with two different compositions : 100 % silicate and 50 % silicate-50 % graphite . We study the light scattering properties of random ballistic aggregates constructed in Shen et al . ( Paper I ) . +0 Alternatively , the tissue from the same individuals may be pooled prior to sequencing in what we refer to as a biologically averaged design . Traditionally , RNA-seq experiments are mathematically averaged -- they sequence the mRNA of individuals from different treatment groups , hoping to correlate phenotype with differences in arithmetic read count averages at shared loci of interest . +0 In this paper , we analyze a large dataset from Foursquare , the most popular online location-based social network . Until now , this has been difficult to investigate on a large scale , but the huge volume of data available from online location-based social services now makes it possible to examine the friendships and mobility of many thousands of people , and to investigate the relationship between meetings at places and the structure of the social network . +1 We apply this theory to Sr $ _2 $ RuO $ _4 $ to analyze those physical quantities obtained experimentally , focusing on the interplay between the strong two-dimensional anisotropy and the Pauli paramagnetic effects . This study allows us to understand the origin of the disparity between the vortex lattice anisotropy ( $ \sim $ 60 ) and the $ H_ { \rm c2 } $ anisotropy ( $ \sim $ 20 ) . +1 The regularizing properties of an a priori choice of the step size are analyzed , with the smoothness of the involved functions carefully taken into consideration . The balancing principle as an adaptive choice of the step size is also studied . +1 We use the recently proposed scattering states numerical renormalization group ( SNRG ) approach to calculate $ I ( V ) $ and the differential conductance through a single molecular level coupled to a local molecular phonon . We also discuss the equilibrium physics of the model and demonstrate that the low-energy Hamiltonian is given by an effective interacting resonant level model . +0 Analyzing such data with probabilisic models can be delicate because the simple exchangeability assumptions underlying many boilerplate models no longer hold . Observations consisting of measurements on relationships for pairs of objects arise in many settings , such as protein interaction and gene regulatory networks , collections of author-recipient email , and social networks . +1 The model fit of the two independent observations provides an upper limit on the distance of the system for different effective temperatures of the primary . In addition , an upper limit on the combined flux of the disk and the donor in the infrared region wherein the contribution of the primary is negligible is also determined . +1 We study the concept of bribery in the situation where voters are willing to change their votes as we ask them , but where their prices depend on the nature of the change we request . Our model is an extension of the one of Faliszewski et al . +1 We calculate the all sky O VII column density distributions for the haloes of three Milky Way like disc galaxies , resulting from cosmological high-resolution , N-body/gasdynamical simulations . We perform calculations both including the disc gas and without it , so the disc contribution to the column density is quantified . +1 Overall , 29.4+/-0.5 % of galaxies in our sample have a bar , in excellent agreement with previous visually classified samples of galaxies ( although this overall fraction is lower than measured by automated bar-finding methods ) . We see a clear increase in the bar fraction with redder ( g-r ) colours , decreased luminosity and in galaxies with more prominent bulges , to the extent that over half of the red , bulge-dominated , disk galaxies in our sample possess a bar . +1 Most of these clusters are confined to a narrow age range centred around 10 Myr because of observational constraints . At this age the cluster light is dominated by luminous evolved stars , such as red supergiants , with initial masses of ~13-22 Msun for which ( primordial ) binarity is high . +0 Thus , we seek Schwarzschild-type solutions because of its observational success and obtain some sets of solutions . Finally , we study a model given by a Lagrangian 4-form quadratic in non-metricity . +1 In this note we give two explicit upper bounds for $ R ( K\_ { [ k\_1 , t\_1 ] } , \dots , K\_ { [ k\_r , t\_r ] } ) $ ( the smallest integer $ n $ such that for any $ r $ -edge coloring of $ K\_n $ there always occurs a monochromatic $ K\_ { [ k\_i , t\_i ] } $ for some $ i $ ) . Our first upper bound contains a classical one in the case when $ k\_1=\cdots =k\_r $ and $ t\_i=1 $ for all $ i $ . +1 We also propose two modular extensions to this formulation . The first extension increases the number of subtrees that define the feature space , and the second one removes noisy features from the graph representations . +0 An X-ray flare was found at the beginning of the second observation with a maximum luminosity of 4.9E32 ergs/s , which is five times larger than that of the quiescent phase ( the first observation ) . Hard X-ray emissions from a Herbig Be star MWC297 were discovered in three separate observations spanning 5 days in April 1994 with the Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics ( ASCA ) . +0 We show that the progenitor halo masses of UFDs can be as low as Mvir = 10^7 Msun . The extrapolated virial masses today are uncertain with estimates ranging from 10^8 Msun to 10^9 Msun . +0 The mass spectral and imaging performance of the system is tested with various benchmark samples and thin tissue sections . The detector setup is a pixelated detector from the Medipix/Timepix family with high-voltage post-acceleration capabilities . +1 We present a design for high energy density laboratory experiments studying the interaction of hypersonic shocks with a large number of inhomogeneities . These `` clumpy '' flows are relevant to a wide variety of astrophysical environments including the evolution of molecular clouds , outflows from young stars , Planetary Nebulae and Active Galactic Nuclei . +0 A second Higgs doublet ( two Higgs doublet model - 2HDM ) is included in our model . We analyse two cases of the minimal extension of the Standard Model when one or two right-handed fields are added to the three left-handed fields . +0 Three-dimensional simulations are performed for gases with polytropic indices gamma=1 , 1.1 and 1.5 , to bracket more realistic situations that would include radiative cooling . The binary system modelled consists of a 3 solar masses AGB star on the main sequence , in a 3AU circular orbit . +1 We find that in the case of perpendicular scattering ( the incident neutron beam is perpendicular to the applied magnetic field ) if twice the cross section along the direction orthogonal to both the field and the neutron beam is subtracted from the cross section along the field direction , the result has only a third-order contribution ( the lower-order terms are canceled ) . This difference does not depend on the amplitude of the exchange inhomogeneities and provides a separate gateway for a deeper analysis of the sample 's magnetic structure . +1 One of the most central and controversial element of quantum mechanics is the use of non zero vectors of a Hilbert space ( or , more generally , of one dimension subspaces ) for representing the state of a quantum system . In particular , the question whether such a representation is complete has been debated since almost the early days of quantum mechanics . +1 The Rossby number , which is related to the dynamo process , shows an observational correlation with activity . It represents the ratio between the rotation period of the star and the local convective turnover time . +1 According to these findings , we assert that Egyptians wanted to engrave basic concepts in measures and positions of Great Pyramids. -- Les grandes pyramides d'\'Egypte dissimulent des informations math\'ematiques ignor\'ees jusqu'\`a aujourd'hui . Les mesures des trois grandes pyramides d'\'Egypte \`a Gizeh r\'ev\`elent que les \'egyptiens de la IVe dynastie savaient calculer la circonf\'erence , le volume et l'aire de la sph\`ere 2000 ans avant les Grecs . +0 We speculate on the evolution of EROJ003707 : if gas continues to cool onto this galaxy in the manner predicted by hierarchical galaxy formation models , then by the present day , EROJ003707 could evolve into a very luminous spiral galaxy . The unique association of passive EROs with elliptical galaxies therefore appears to be too simplistic . +0 By taking global sections of a D-module , we obtain a functor $ \Gamma : D_\kappa ( Gr_G ) -mod\to { \mathfrak g } _\kappa-mod $ . Let $ Gr_G $ be the affine Grassmannian of $ { \mathfrak g } $ , and let $ D_\kappa ( Gr_G ) -mod $ be the category of $ \kappa $ -twisted right D-modules on $ Gr_G $ . +1 We present a selected few cases in which the sense of chirality of filament barbs changed within as short as hours . We investigate in detail a quiescent filament on 2003 September 10 and 11 . +0 Cross-validation on a corpus of datasets shows the Cauchy class of prior distributions to outperform existing implementations of Gaussian and Laplace priors . As a default choice , we recommend the Cauchy distribution with center 0 and scale 2.5 , which in the simplest setting is a longer-tailed version of the distribution attained by assuming one-half additional success and one-half additional failure in a logistic regression . +1 This improvement in resolution can potentially improve the photometry of faint stars in extremely crowded fields significantly by alleviating crowding . Alleviating crowding is a prerequisite for observing gravitational microlensing in main sequence stars towards the galactic bulge . +0 By minimizing the energy of this many-body state with respect to the parameters of the single-particle states and projecting afterwards on angular momentum ground state energies are obtained that are systematically lower than corresponding Hartree-Fock results . Single-particle states with mixed isospin and broken parity build up an intrinsic Slater determinant which is then charge and parity projected . +0 Also , there is no disastrous production of magnetic monopoles after inflation since the Pati-Salam gauge group is already broken on the `` shifted '' path . The constraints from the cosmic background explorer can be met with natural values of the relevant parameters . +0 I have developed a binary star model ( ELLC ) that can be used to analyse the light curves of detached eclipsing binary stars and transiting exoplanet systems that is fast and accurate , and that can include the effects of star spots , Doppler boosting and light-travel time within binaries with eccentric orbits . Very high quality light curves are now available for thousands of detached eclipsing binary stars and transiting exoplanet systems as a result of surveys for transiting exoplanets and other large-scale photometric surveys . +1 In particular , the effect of an external magnetic field is examined . It is found that a nonzero magnetic field introduces instability in a $ ^ { 23 } $ Na condensate . +1 We identify four dispersion relations : ion-Bernstein waves , oblique whistler waves , oblique Alfv\'en/ion-cyclotron waves , and a zero-frequency mode . The energy partition and frequency broadening are evaluated for these modes . +0 We find that the bandstructure is dramatically deformed and the degeneracy of the bands is broken by strain . By means of atomistic tight-binding calculations , we investigate the effects of uniaxial strain on the electronic bandstructure of twisted graphene bilayer . +0 Using the large sub-sample of double-lined spectroscopic binaries , I show that this methodology is indeed perfectly adequate . I derive the MRD using a Richardson-Lucy inversion method , assuming a fixed mass of the Am primary and randomly distributed orbital inclinations . +0 Alternatively , the lack of dwarf galaxies in rich environments has been interpreted in terms of a `` density-morphology relation '' : dwarf galaxies prefer low density environments ( Phillipps et al.1998 ) . However , we present evidence that suggests dwarf galaxies may be subject to strong dynamical processes in high density environments , the combined effects of multiple encounters and the tidal effects due to the potential well of rich clusters could result in the effective disruption of dwarf galaxies in the clusters ' central regions . +0 We prove that all direct sum decompositions of Krull-Schmidt artinian modules refine into finite indecomposable direct sum decompositions and we prove that this condition is strictly stronger than the condition of a module admitting finite indecomposable direct sum decompositions . We call modules satisfying this condition Krull-Schmidt artinian . +0 We discuss connections to work in missile guidance . We propose a biologically plausible feedback law , and use a high-gain limit to prove accessibility of a motion camouflage state in finite time . +0 We use the excursion set formalism for computing the formation rate of dark matter halos . Analytical estimates of the number density of dark matter halos are useful in modeling several cosmological phenomena . +0 The search was sensitive to astrophysical sources that produced damped sinusoid gravitational wave signals , also known as ringdowns , with frequency $ 50\le f_ { 0 } /\mathrm { Hz } \le 2000 $ and decay timescale $ 0.0001\lesssim \tau/\mathrm { s } \lesssim 0.1 $ characteristic of those produced in mergers of IMBH pairs . We report results from a search for gravitational waves produced by perturbed intermediate mass black holes ( IMBH ) in data collected by LIGO and Virgo between 2005 and 2010 . +1 From the Montague 's point of view , the meaning of an idea can be considered as particular extensions in different possible worlds . In this paper we analyze the minimal intensional semantic enrichment of the syntax of the FOL language , by unification of different views : Tarskian extensional semantics of the FOL , modal interpretation of quantifiers , and a derivation of the Tarskian theory of truth from unified semantic theory based on a single meaning relation . +1 The analysis of Tully 's groups of galaxies belonging to the Local Supercluster ( LSC ) was performed . In the 1975 Hawley and Peebles presented the method for investigations of the galaxies orientation in the large structures . +1 Condensate clouds strongly impact the spectra of brown dwarfs and exoplanets . Recent discoveries of variable L/T transition dwarfs argued for patchy clouds in at least some ultracool atmospheres . +0 These approaches take into account the non-linear interaction between the quantum modes and exactly conserve energy ( covariantly ) . They fully use the field theoretical Schwinger-Keldysh out of equilibrium method in a non-perturbative way . +1 Typically 20 or more pulses have been followed for each model , allowing us to calculate the third dredge-up parameter for each case . Using the results from this large and homogeneous set of models , we present an approximate fit for the core mass at the first thermal pulse , as well as for the third dredge-up efficiency parameter , and the core mass at the first third dredge-up episode as a function of metallicity and total mass . +0 Two famous theorems of Erdos and Szekeres from 1935 imply that OT_1 ( n ) = Theta ( n^2 ) and OT_2 ( n ) = 2^ ( Theta ( n ) ) . It is known that a point sequence in R^d that is order-type homogeneous forms the vertex set of a convex polytope that is combinatorially equivalent to a cyclic polytope in R^d . +1 In supersymmetric theories the charged sleptons of different generations may oscillate amongst themselves while they decay . In the case of three generation oscillations , superpartner production at the LHC and NLC may lead to an observable $ CP $ -violating signal $ N ( e^+\mu^- ) - N ( \mu^+e^- ) $ . +0 In this paper , we show how to learn transform-based domain adaptation classifiers in a scalable manner . The consequence is often severe performance degradation and is one of the major barriers for the application of classifiers in real-world systems . +1 The entropy-temperature curves are calculated for non-interacting fermions in a 3D optical lattice . These curves facilitate understanding of how adiabatic changes in the lattice depth affect the temperature , and we demonstrate regimes where the atomic sample can be significantly heated or cooled . +1 We ran simulations of a 1 Msun star surrounded by a 0.01 Msun disk comprising 99 % gas and 1 % dust in mass and extending from 0.5 to ~300 AU . The grain size ranges from 0.001 mm to 10 m for the low resolution ( ~25 000 SPH particles ) simulations and from 0.1 mm to 10 cm for the high resolution ( ~160 000 SPH particles ) simulations . +1 Each valley is predicted to exhibit a Hall effect in the absence of a magnetic field whose sign depends on the valley index , but to date this effect has not been observed . Here we report the first observation of this new valley Hall effect ( VHE ) . +0 We found that the contact probability scaling exponent is $ \gamma\approx 1.11 $ for large RNA ( $ N & gt ; 110 $ ) , $ \gamma\approx 1.41 $ for small sized RNA ( $ N & lt ; 110 $ ) , and $ \gamma\approx 1.65 $ for proteins . Motivated by the recent discoveries in chromatin folding that interphase chromosomes have territorial organization with signatures pointing to metastability , we analyzed the biomolecular structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank and found that the intrachain contact probabilities , $ P ( s ) $ as a function of the arc length $ s $ , decay in power-law $ \sim s^ { -\gamma } $ over the intermediate range of $ s $ , $ 10\lesssim s\lesssim 110 $ . +0 This homogeneous geometry is non-trivial in the sense that it is neither of constant curvature nor a product of constant curvature manifolds . In this paper , we present a new solution of the vacuum Einstein equations in five dimensions which is a static black hole with hyperscaling violation and with a three-dimensional horizon modeled by one the eight Thurston geometries , namely the Nil geometry . +1 Hyperbolic metamaterials may be used to model a 2+1 dimensional Minkowski spacetime in which the role of time is played by one of the spatial coordinates . When a metamaterial is built and illuminated with a coherent extraordinary laser beam , the stationary pattern of light propagation inside the metamaterial may be treated as a collection of particle world lines , which represents a complete history of this 2+1 dimensional spacetime . +0 If one wishes to stay within metric terms , the result can be formulated as follows : $ f $ is fixed-point free if and only if there exists a continuous fixed-point free extension $ \bar f : b\mathbb R^n\to 2^ { b\mathbb R^n } $ for some metric compactificaton $ b\mathbb R^n $ of $ \mathbb R^n $ . We prove that $ f $ is fixed-point free if and only if its continuous extension $ \tilde f : \beta \mathbb R^n\to 2^ { \beta \mathbb R^n } $ is fixed-point free . +1 We consider the inverse problem of estimating the shape profile of an unknown deposit from a set of eddy current impedance measurements . The measurements are acquired with an axial probe , which is modeled by a set of coils that generate a magnetic field inside the tube . +1 A detailed analysis of the measured NMR spectra presented in this paper enables us to find a very high degree of $ L2_1 $ type ordering up to 81 % concomitantly with excess Fe of 8 to 13 % at the expense of Al and Si . We show , that the formation of certain types of order do not only depend on the thermodynamic phase diagrams as in bulk samples , but that the kinetic control may contribute to the phase formation in thin films . +0 This provides a complete solution to a question raised in a paper by Z. M. Balogh , R. Hoefer-Isenegger and J. T. Tyson . As a consequence , Sobolev mappings from an open set of the plane , taking values in the first Heisenberg group and that have almost everywhere maximal rank must have images with positive 3-dimensional Hausdorff measure with respect to the sub-Riemannian distance of the Heisenberg group . +1 We calculate the spectrum at large $ p_T $ with the BFKL $ \ln ( 1/x ) $ resummation included and then repeat the calculation with it omitted . We find that data favour the former . +1 This 1+1 dimensional field theory may be viewed as the `` standard model '' for studying black hole physics . Our analysis is adapted to the flat slice Painleve-Gullstrand coordinates . +1 Conditions corresponding to the approximation are given for the case of harmonic driving force . The Born series of the harmonic forced oscillation case are derived by directly applying the approximation to the LTI system or by transforming the LTI system to Helmholtz equation prior to doing the approximation . +1 We study the dynamics of Nambu -- Goto strings with junctions at which three strings meet . In particular , we exhibit one simple exact solution and examine the process of intercommuting of two straight strings , in which they exchange partners but become joined by a third string . +1 We present an early result from an automated search of Kepler eclipsing binary systems for circumbinary companions . An intriguing tertiary signal has been discovered in the short period eclipsing binary KIC002856960 . +0 Clusters with a smaller initial separation tend to merge in $ \aplt 60 $ Myr due to loss of angular momentum from escaping stars . Based on the rather old ages ( $ \sim 100 $ Myr ) , masses , sizes of the two clusters and their projected separation , we conclude that the cluster pair must have been born with an initial separation of 15 -- 20 pc . +0 Finally , we show that our categories are smooth , proper when the singular locus of W is proper , and Calabi-Yau when the total space X is Calabi-Yau . Via To\ '' en 's derived Morita theory , we identify Hochschild cohomology with derived endomorphisms of the diagonal curved module ; we compute the latter and get the expected result . +0 Optical spectroscopy shows that the nebula is non-radiative , dominated by Balmer emission . The pulsar is only ~1.5 '' behind the leading edge of the shock . +0 Extension to SU ( 1,1|1 ) requires a complex structure I and a holomorphic U ( 1 ) isometry $ D^a I_a { ^b } \partial_b $ . Further , the SL ( 2 , R ) can always be extended to Osp ( 1|2 ) superconformal symmetry , with a suitable choice of torsion , by the addition of N real fermions . +1 The problem of derivation of the equations of motion from the field equations is considered . Einstein 's field equations have a specific analytical form : They are linear in the second order derivatives and quadratic in the first order derivatives of the field variables . +0 Zeros of either quantity entail the exclusive occurrence of the other and thus give rise in particular to angular-momentum separation without mass transport as a classical analogue of spin-polarized currents . The sensitive parameter dependence of the corresponding currents includes frequent sign reversals . +0 In this paper we consider partition of unities obtained as integer-translates of entire functions restricted to finite intervals . Typically they are generated by compactly supported functions with a certain regularity . +1 But what about words not contained in the supervised training data ? When such unseen words are encountered at test time , they are typically represented by either their initial vectors or a single unknown vector , which often leads to errors . +1 Assuming a cylindrical geometry with axis along the direction of the external field , the two-dimensional board becomes a model for one-dimensional mass transport along the direction of the external field . This is a purely diffusive process which admits fractal non-equilibrium stationary states under flux boundary conditions . +1 We study the nucleation dynamics of a model solid state transformation and the criterion for microstructure selection using a molecular dynamics ( MD ) simulation . Our simulations show a range of microstructures depending on the depth of quench . +0 These paired electrons perform disorderly zero-point oscillations and there are no force of attraction in their ensemble . Paired electrons , however , can not form a superconducting condensate spontaneously . +1 The superlattice show both ferromagnetic and ferroelectric transitions which is an evidence for the coexistence of both the properties . The high magnetoresistance ( 40 % at 80K ) shown by the superlattice can be attributed to the coupling between ferromagnetic and ferroelectric layers , i.e , to the magnetoelectric effect . +0 First , we carefully select lexical features of the URLs that are resistant to obfuscation techniques used by attackers . In this paper , we take the following steps to identify phishing URLs . +1 The first grating creates the conditions for Smith Purcell emission mechanism . The second grating provides the distributed feedback for emitted wave . +1 Combinatorial methods are developed to find the cluster coordinates for moduli space of flat connections which is describing the Coulomb branch of higher rank N=2 theories derived by compactifying six dimensional ( 2,0 ) theory on a punctured Riemann surface . The construction starts with a triangulation of the punctured Riemann surface and a further tessellation of all the triangles . +1 The simulations model a cluster of 4000 stars , and we consider separately cases in which the disks have fixed radii of 100 AU and 10 AU . In the former case , depending on a star 's position and orbit in the cluster over 10^7 years , UV photoevaporation removes at least 0.01 Msol from its disk , and can remove up to 1 Msol . +1 Experimentally , many new signals have been discovered that could be pointing towards the existence of tetraquarks , pentaquarks , and other exotic configurations of quarks and gluons . Theoretically , advances in lattice field theory techniques place us at the cusp of understanding complex coupled-channel phenomena , modelling grows more sophisticated , and effective field theories are being applied to an ever greater range of situations . +1 Furthermore , the constant in the exponent in the case of bipartite $ F $ and two colors is lowered so that $ r_2 ( F ) \le 2^ { ( 1+o ( 1 ) ) 2\sqrt { 2m } } $ improving the result of Alon , Krivelevich and Sudakov [ Combin.Probab.Comput.12 ( 2003 ) , no . 5 -- 6 , 477 -- 494 ] . +1 We study the class of nearest neighbor Z^d shifts of finite type which have topological entropy very close to this maximum , and show that they have many useful properties . Specifically , we prove that for any d , there exists beta_d such that for any nearest neighbor Z^d shift of finite type X with alphabet A for which log |A| - h ( X ) & lt ; beta_d , X has a unique measure of maximal entropy . +0 Most of the equivalent width of the iron fluorescent line in this model can be explained as a combination of reprocessing in a dense absorber plus reflection off a white dwarf surface , but it is likely that the continuum is partially seen in reflection as well . The X-ray spectrum can be fit with a thermal model including an absorption component that partially covers the source . +0 We further argue that a possible implementation of such a change propagation process can be considered as a classical state space search in which each state represents a snapshot of the model in the process . Such postulates enable us to reason about selecting alternative change options , and consequently to develop a machinery that automatically performs this task . +1 Since the radiation interacts with matter moving with relativistic velocities near the event horizon , the interplay between the radiation and the matter should be described fully relativistically . In the formalism used in this study , while the interactions between matter and radiation are introduced in the comoving frame , the equations and the equations and the derivatives for the description of the global evolution of both matter and the radiation are given in the Kerr-Schild frame ( KSF ) which is a frame fixed to the coordinate describing the central black hole . +0 The one-loop effective action for dilatonic gravity in two and four dimensions is evaluated . We review ( mainly ) quantum effects in the theories where gravity sector is described by metric and dilaton . +1 By explicit computation of its primordial spectral index we show the power spectrum of curvature perturbations , generated during the tachyon matter dominated contraction phase , to be nearly scale invariant . We propose a unified space of parameters for a systematic study of inflationary/bouncing cosmologies . +0 Using the exact generating functional approach a la De Dominicis we compute the phase diagram and the behaviour of batch and on-line games with correlated strategies , complementing exisiting replica studies of their statics . We study the role of strategy correlations and timing of adaptation for the dynamics of Minority Games , both simulationally and analytically . +0 It is shown that the spin and isospin of the ground states are assigned as $ \Lambda^ { \ast } N ( S=1 , I=1/2 ) $ and $ \Lambda^ { \ast } NN ( S=3/2 , I=0 ) $ , respectively . The two-body ( $ \Lambda^ { \ast } N $ ) and three-body ( $ \Lambda^ { \ast } NN $ ) systems are solved by a variational method . +1 Starting from initially random configurations , we monitor the average earthquake size in different portions of the system as a function of time ( the time is defined as the input energy per site in the system ) . We find that the process of self-organisation develops from the boundaries of the system and it is controlled by a dynamical critical exponent z~1.3 that appears to be universal over a range of dissipation levels of the local dynamics . +1 The quasars were chosen to lie at the two extreme ends of the ROSAT PSPC spectral index distribution and hence of the H $ \beta $ FWHM distribution . The observation strategy has been carefully designed to provide even sampling on these three basic timescales and to provide a uniform sampling among the quasars We have found clear evidence that the X-ray steep , narrow H_beta , quasars systematically show larger amplitude variations than the X-ray flat broad H_beta quasars on timescales from 2 days to 20 days . +0 We advance the physical scenario that the inner radiation belt ( IRB ) within ~2-3 Jupiter 's radius , where ralativistic electrons are known to be trapped via synchrotron emissions , can execute global QP-40 magnetoinertial oscillations excited by arrivals of high-speed solar winds . Such polar QP-40 burst activities were found to correlate well with arrivals of high-speed solar winds at Jupiter . +0 The method is extended to conformal space with the intention to introduce the strong interaction . In particular , the approach of Sachs can serve as a unified theory of general relativity and electroweak interactions . +0 According to current models Gamma-Ray Bursts ( GRBs ) are accompanied by bursts of high energy ( $ \gsim 100 $ TeV ) neutrinos . Time of flight measurement from different astronomical sources set current limits on the energy scale of possible LIV to $ & gt ; 0.01 M_ { pl } $ ( for n=1 models ) and $ & gt ; 10^ { -9 } M_ { pl } $ ( for n=2 ) . +1 Our theory sheds new light on the magnitude of cross sections for scattering and extinction , and for instance on the emergence of structural chirality in the optical response of geometrically non-chiral scatterers like SRRs . We apply the model to SRRs and discuss how to extract individual components of the polarizability matrix and extinction cross sections . +1 Initial transients of wetting and non-wetting phases that evolve before steady-state has occurred , undergo a cross-over where every initial patterns are broken up . For flow dominated by capillary effects with capillary numbers in order of $ 10^ { -5 } $ , we find that around a critical saturation of non-wetting fluid the non-wetting clusters of size $ s $ have a power-law distribution $ n_s \sim s^ { -\tau } $ with the exponent $ \tau = 1.92 \pm 0.04 $ for large clusters . +0 The idea is that 2-D inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes system with large data is globally well-posedness and we construct the 3-D approximate solutions by the 2-D solutions with a parameter . This class of data is based on functions which vary slowly in one direction . +1 Mainly , on the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) fifth year , the data indicates that more than 90 % of the total energy density of the universe is dark . Here we discuss the impact of these phenomena imprint on gravitational and quantum field theory 's standard history . +1 We investigate clustering of malignant glioma cells . \emph { In vitro } experiments in collagen gels identified a cell line that formed clusters in a region of low cell density , whereas a very similar cell line ( which lacks an important mutation ) did not cluster significantly . +0 In the semiclassical limit , it is equivalent to a one-dimensional Heisenberg spin chain with two-spin , three-spin , etc . Using a path integral formulation , we derive a reduced effective action with long-range impurity spin-spin interactions at different imaginary times . +1 The films contain macroscopic , non-conducting holes and we suggest a new method to introduce the holes in the simulation formalism . The method implies reconstruction of the magnetic field change inside the hole . +1 The s-wave interaction is usually the dominant form of interactions in atomic Bose-Einstein condensates ( BECs ) . Recently , Feshbach resonances have been employed to reduce the strength of the s-wave interaction in many atomic speicies . +0 We here develop such a model atom and we study the general formation properties of the C II lines . To make 3D non-LTE radiative transfer computationally feasible it is crucial to have a model atom with as few levels as possible while retaining the main physical processes . +0 Track-repeating algorithms , for example the Fast Dose Calculator , have shown promise for achieving the accuracy of Monte Carlo simulations for proton radiotherapy dose calculations in a fraction of the computation time . Monte Carlo techniques provide superior accuracy , however , they often require large computation resources , which render them impractical for routine clinical use . +0 These maps are studied for two classes of finite algebraic groups , infinitesimal group schemes and elementary abelian group schemes . p\ ! -\ ! 1 ) $ to $ M $ that take values in Grassmannians of $ M $ . +1 We also obtain the general expressions of the tensor-to-scalar ratio , scalar spectral index . We develop this model by using exponential potential , the characteristics of this model is calculated in great details . +1 A substantial fraction of the resistance drop with voltage can be ascribed to variations of the density of states and the barrier transmission with the bias . However , we found that the anomaly observed at zero bias and the magnetoresistance behavior at very small voltages , point to the contribution of inelastic magnon-assisted tunneling . +1 We demonstrate very high resolution photon spectroscopy with a microwave-multiplexed two-pixel transition-edge sensor ( TES ) array . We measured a $ ^ { 153 } $ Gd photon source and achieved an energy resolution of 63 eV full-width-at-half-maximum at 97 keV and an equivalent readout system noise of 86 pA/ $ \sqrt { \text { Hz } } $ at the TES . +1 We find a transition somewhat stronger than in 2-loop perturbation theory , leading to the conclusion that from the point of view of the non-equilibrium constraint , MSSM electroweak baryogenesis can be allowed even for a Higgs mass mH \approx 115 GeV . We also find that small values of the mass parameter mA ( \lsim 120 GeV ) , which would relax the experimental constraint on mH , do not weaken the transition noticeably for a light enough stop . +1 We provide a clear numerical evidence that the relation between the exponent $ \tau $ of avalanche size distribution obtained by maximum likelihood estimation and the $ q $ value of appropriate q-Gaussian obeys the analytical result recently introduced by Caruso et al . [ Phys.Rev . E \textbf { 75 } , 055101 ( R ) ( 2007 ) ] . +1 The discretised theoretical distributions matching the empirical data from the Federal Reserve System ( FRS ) are deduced from a discretised seed which enjoys remarkable scaling laws . In particular the tails of the distributions are very well reproduced . +0 We are able to reduce the background over the signal to less than a factor of 100 using purely topological methods without using jet multiplicity cuts and without the aid of b-quark tagging . Events are required to lie in a region of H-space defined by L_i & lt ; H_i & lt ; R_i for i=1 , ... , ,6 , where the left , L_i , and right , R_i , cuts are determined by a genetic algorithm ( GA ) procedure to maximize the signal over the square root of the background . +1 Higher-index saddles have smaller complexities . The two leading complexities are equal , consistent with the Morse theorem on the total number of turning points , and have the value given in [ A. J. Bray and M. A. Moore , J. Phys . +1 This paper presents some alternative generalizations ( also completely integrable ) of the McMillan map to $ N $ -body systems . In all cases , the phase space is foliated by a biquadratic curve in the dynamical variables ( and a set of suitably chosen angular momentum variables ) . +0 This is done for general smooth second order elliptic problems in one dimension and for second order elliptic problems of the form $ -\Delta u+pu=f $ , with Dirichlet conditions . We prove that finite volume approximations of order $ O ( h^ { k+1 } ) $ , with $ k $ integer , can be obtained after $ k $ corrections , starting with finite volume solution of order $ O ( h ) $ , by using the same matrix and changing only the second member of the original system . +1 The partial cribbing scheme is especially motivated by the additive noise Gaussian MAC since perfect cribbing results in the degenerated case of full cooperation between the encoders and requires an infinite entropy link . We derive a single letter characterization of the capacity of the MAC with partial cribbing for the cases of causal and strictly causal partial cribbing . +1 Previously we have shown that , given a continuous map $ X \to \C\times\C^* $ from a finitely connected planar domain $ X $ without isolated boundary points , a stronger Oka property holds , namely that the map is homotopic to a proper holomorphic embedding . Here we show that every continuous map from a finitely connected planar domain , possibly with punctures , into $ \C\times\C^* $ is homotopic to a proper immersion that identifies at most countably many pairs of distinct points , and in most cases , only finitely many pairs . +0 Some early-type WN stars are found in clusters with very high turn-off masses , supporting our earlier results that the `` WNE '' class of W-Rs is a common stage in the evolution of stars with a wide range of mases . We find that in the Milky Way , early-type WN stars evolve from stars with masses as low as 20Mo . +1 Vela 's broadband gamma-ray spectrum is equally well fit with both the exponential cut-off and the double power law shapes . In the broadband double power-law fits , for a typical Fermi spectrum of a bright \gamma-ray pulsar , most of the errors accumulate due to the arbitrary parametrization of the spectral roll-off . +1 We consider two settings : output noise models where the noise enters after the projection and input noise models where the noise enters before the projection . We consider two types of distortion for reconstruction : support errors and mean-squared errors . +0 The first model we introduce describes Josephson tunneling between two coupled Bose-Einstein condensates . As examples we apply the theory to several models of current interest in the study of Bose-Einstein condensates , which have been successfully created using ultracold dilute atomic gases . +1 We have constructed general relativistic models of a stationary , axially symmnetric , Keplerian thin disk around a rotating black hole . We computed profiles of a spectral line , emitted in the inner region of the disk . +1 Recently attention has been drawn to practical problems with the use of unbounded Pareto distributions , for instance when there are natural upper bounds that truncate the probability tail . Aban , Meerschaert and Panorska ( 2006 ) derived the maximum likelihood estimator for the Pareto tail index of a truncated Pareto distribution with a right truncation point $ T $ . +1 We explore a simple lattice field model intended to describe statistical properties of high frequency financial markets . The model is relevant in the cross-disciplinary area of econophysics . +0 We report the first detection of OCS v2 = 1 and v3 = 1 vibrationally excited states in space and the first detection of C3S in warm clouds . In addition , we map the OCS J=18-17 line and complete complementary observations of several OCS lines at selected positions around Orion IRc2 ( the position selected for the survey ) . +0 We show that up to a birational modification given by a sequence of flips , X has a conic bundle structure , or an equidimensional fibration in Del Pezzo surfaces . In this paper we study the case c_X=2 . +0 Deviations between our ab initio EOS and the semi-analytical EOS model by Saumon and Chabrier are analyzed in detail , and we use the results for initial revision of the inferred thermal state of giant planets with known values for mass and radius . A comprehensive equation of state ( EOS ) table with 391 density-temperature points is constructed and the results are presented in form of two-dimensional free energy fit for interpolation . +1 In order to obtain a reliable value of the axial mass , bins with large contribution from small momentum transfer are eliminated from the analysis . It is shown that the best fit axial mass value becomes smaller as the momentum transfer cut is more restrictive . +1 A key , elusive , step in exploring these and other novel electronic phases is the experimental observation of charge backscattering due to spin-flip processes at the surface of a magnetically-doped TI . Here we utilize Fourier transform scanning tunneling spectroscopy ( FT-STS ) to probe the surface of a magnetically doped TI , Bi2-xFexTe3+d . +1 This finally lends itself to non-zero probability of neutrino helicity flip . While for neutrino flavour oscillation we have derived general results for oscillation phase , which subsequently have been applied to different gravity theories . +0 At the lower end , these star formation rates , gas masses , and diameters are similar to those of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies , and represent starbursts in centrally concentrated disks , sometimes , but not always , associated with active galactic nuclei . The star formation rates derived from the FIR luminosity range from about 300 to 5000 M ( sun ) per year and the molecular mass from 4 x 10^9 to 1 x 10^ { 11 } M ( sun ) . +1 Participation in conferences is an important part of every scientific career . Conferences provide an opportunity for a fast dissemination of latest results , discussion and exchange of ideas , and broadening of scientists ' collaboration network . +0 Optical properties are evaluated either by solving the Bethe -- Salpeter equation or by using the adiabatic local density approximation . Quasiparticle energies are calculated within the $ GW $ approximation for the self-energy . +1 The observed alternation of low- and high-spin states along the Co-Rh and Fe-Rh chains is related to differences in the oxygen coordination of the transition metal sites . Due to strong hybridization the O 2p states are polarized , giving rise to extended localized magnetic moments centered at the high-spin sites . +0 We observed an increase in the J-Ks colour between 5 and 8 days after the outburst , which we interpret as likely evidence for the presence of dust around the source . We present photometric and spectroscopic optical and near-infrared ( NIR ) observations ( Based on observations collected at the European Southern Observatory , Chile ( ESO ID 63.H-0493 and 64.H-0382 ) ) taken during the outburst of the microquasar V4641 Sgr = SAX J1819.3-2525 ( in'tzand et al. , 2000 ) in September 1999 . +0 The topological field theory is SU ( 2 ) invariant , but the full SO ( 4 ) invariance is recovered after untwist . The action of this theory is that of d=4 , N=2 supergravity , up to a twist . +0 Working in the equal characteristic case , we find a family of affinoids in the Lubin-Tate tower with good reduction equal to a rather curious nonsingular hypersurface , whose equation we present explicitly . This conjecture is now a theorem , but currently there is no purely local proof . +1 We discuss the difference between the \textbf { k } -integrated and \textbf { k } -resolved analytical continuations , as well as describing the use of random numbers and pole residues to analyze the approximant . It is found that the analytic properties of the approximant can be controlled by appropriate modifications , making it a robust and reliable tool for electronic structure calculations . +1 We discuss our general statements in detail for the familiar case of qubits , the GHZ states , Werner states and Gisin states , emphasizing their geometric features . As theorists we use and play with this free choice of factorization , which is naturally fixed for an experimentalist . +1 Was it Hubble , or Lema\^itre , or was it just the end result of a long series of investigations ? In this article we summarise the main steps and contributions that led to one of the most exciting discoveries ever made , of which Lema\^itre was the principal architect . +0 Heavy elements are best described within the nuclear density functional theory ( DFT ) and its various extensions . Applications relevant for energy production , medicine , or national security also rely on theoretical predictions of basic properties of atomic nuclei . +0 This means that the predictive part for the future is not reliable either . We show that the Zh15 model fails to reproduce the well-established features of the solar activity evolution during the last millennium . +1 The bulk of VO work in Europe is ensured by the national VO initiatives and those of intergovernmental agencies . VO activities at the European level coordinate the work in support of the three `` pillars '' of the Virtual Observatory : support to the scientific community , take-up by the data providers , and technological activities . +0 This pair minimises the width of the confidence band for the difference between the estimated curves . Based on a representation of the best pair of linear unbiased estimators in continuous time models as a stochastic integral , an efficient pair of linear unbiased estimators with corresponding optimal designs for finite sample size is constructed . +0 We then apply our method to the 2MASS survey and present a publicly available full-sky map of the projected tidal forces in the local Universe . We first apply the method to a simulated galaxy survey and study the accuracy with which the cosmic web can be recovered in the presence of different observational effects , showing that the projected tidal field can be estimated with reasonable precision over large regions of the sky . +1 The aim is to identify the conditions for the locally and temporally controlled spin switching . Analytical and full numerical calculations show the possibility of stochastic control if the underlying semi-classical dynamics is chaotic . +1 For small wavelength modes , the Green 's function for $ f_+ $ exhibits a remarkable transition from Lorentz to Galilean invariance , whereas for $ f_- $ such modes effectively do not propagate . For both cases Lorentz invariance is recovered at long wavelengths . +1 We consider the problem of finding $ \lambda\in \mathbb { R } $ and a function $ u : \mathbb { R } ^n\rightarrow\mathbb { R } $ that satisfy the PDE $ $ \max\left\ { \lambda + F ( D^2u ) -f ( x ) , H ( Du ) \right\ } =0 , \quad x\in \mathbb { R } ^n . $ $ Here $ F $ is elliptic , positively homogeneous and superadditive , $ f $ is convex and superlinear , and $ H $ is typically assumed to be convex . +0 The calculations were extended also to include the HeH++ molecular ion . Our calculations are based on using the variational Monte Carlo method with an accurate trial wave function depending on many variational parameters . +1 The results show that the interactions of K* K*bar states are attractive , which consequently result in K* K*bar bound states with the binding energies of about 10-70 MeV , and contrarily , no omega phi bound state is obtained . The channel coupling effect of K* K*bar and omega phi is found to be considerably large , which makes the binding of K* K*bar 5-45 MeV deeper . +1 In the limit of strong gravitational fields the brane induced parts are exponentially suppressed for points not too close to the brane boundary . As an application of general results a special model is considered in which the geometry inside the brane is a slice of the Minkowski spacetime orbifolded along the direction perpendicular to the brane . +0 After discussing various scenarios including X-winds , AGB stars and Wolf-Rayet stars , we come to the conclusion that triggering the collapse of a cold cloud core by a nearby supernova is the most promising scenario . Freshly synthesized radioactive 26Al has to be included and well mixed within 20kyr . +0 We find that both RG and SF networks can evolve to a stationary state . We introduce a new quantity , invulnerability I ( s ) , to describe the stability of the system . +0 In locusts , the corresponding escape behavior correlates with the activity of the lobula giant movement detector ( LGMD ) neuron . Many species show avoidance reactions in response to looming object approaches . +1 The oxygen partial pressure , PO2 , during the growth was systematically varied . As PO2 decreased , the growth behavior was changed from a 2-dimensional layer-by-layer-like growth to a 3-dimensional island-like one , which resulted in an increase in the saturation magnetization . +0 The valence-mechanism contribution to the mentioned intensity is also evaluated . Unified description for the mixing and electromagnetic transitions allows one to evaluate the mean intensity without the use of free parameters . +0 These data were interpreted with the magnetic Doppler imaging technique . We performed the analysis based on phase-resolved , four Stokes parameter spectropolarimetric observations obtained with the HARPSpol instrument . +1 Through the use of the Kronecker product and some basic facts of tensor algebra , we propose a simple model of nonlinearity , one that can be interpreted as a product of the outputs of K FIR linear filters , and compute its cost function together with its gradient , which allows for some analysis of the optimization problem . We use these results it in a stochastic gradient framework , from which we derive an LMS-like algorithm and investigate the problems of multi-modality in the mean-square error surface and the choice of adequate initial conditions . +0 We prove that the new scheme provides a consistent discretization of the NSK system in the relaxation limit and demonstrate that it is capable of accurately and efficiently computing numerical solutions of problems with realistic density ratios and small interfacial widths . To overcome this restriction , we propose an implicit-explicit asymptotic-preserving finite volume method . +0 The measurements are acquired with an axial probe , which is modeled by a set of coils that generate a magnetic field inside the tube . We consider the inverse problem of estimating the shape profile of an unknown deposit from a set of eddy current impedance measurements . +0 The theory of the scattering and recommended experimental practices for this type of measurement are presented , as well as an example measurement . When there is non-collinear magnetization in the sample however , there will be significant scattering from one spin state into the other and the reference potentials will differ between the incoming and outgoing wavefunctions , changing the angle and intensities of the scattering . +1 Moreover these features are usually considered as basic in quantum information processing . Nevertheless they raise still unsolved problems , as the objectification problem in the quantum theory of measurement . +1 In the main theorem of this paper we show that if T is a tilting S-module , then under certain homological conditions on M as an S-module , one can extend T to a tilting complex over A inducing a derived equivalence between A and another triangular matrix ring specified by ( S ' , R , M ' ) , where the ring S ' and the R-S'-bimodule M ' depend only on T and M , and S ' is derived equivalent to S. Note that no conditions on the ring R are needed . These conditions are satisfied when S is an Artin algebra of finite global dimension and M is finitely generated as an S-module . +0 Each detector 's planar antenna structure is coupled to the telescope 's optical system through a contacting dielectric lenslet , an architecture unique in current CMB experiments . Its 250 mK focal plane detector array consists of 1,274 polarization-sensitive antenna-coupled bolometers , each with an associated lithographed band-defining filter . +0 We provide a covariant implementation of such conjecture , draw its consequences in a two neutrino family approximation and compare these findings with current experimental data . In particular , we conjecture that the measured value of the mixing angles for a given process depends on the number of unobservable flavor states at the energy of the process . +0 Shafarevich ( 1971 ) , the automorphism group Aut ( X ) of a K3 surface X over C and its action on the Picard lattice S_X are prescribed by the Picard lattice S_X . Piatetsky-Shapiro and I.R . +0 If $ \Lambda\propto\alpha^ { -6 } $ is right , it means that the cosmological constant $ \Lambda $ should be also varying . As is well known , the evidence of varying fine structure constant $ \alpha $ was found in 1998 . +0 This allows , in particular , the identification of galaxies as substructures in simulations of clusters of galaxies , and a determination of their content of gravitationally bound stars , dark matter , and hot and cold gas . We here extend the SUBFIND algorithm for substructure identification such that it can be reliably applied to dissipative hydrodynamical simulations that include star formation . +1 It is then suggested that the actual thermodynamic behavior for a harmonic oscillator is given by the function satisfying the Wien displacement result which provides the smoothest possible interpolation between scale-decoupled energy equipartition at low frequency and scale-invariant zero-point energy at high frequency . This leads to the Planck spectrum . +1 Important topical applications , in particular in high energy particle physics and cosmology , involve dynamics of quantum fields far away from the ground state or thermal equilibrium . In these cases , standard approaches based on small deviations from equilibrium , or on a sufficient homogeneity in time underlying kinetic descriptions , are not applicable . +1 For magnetic insulators with different critical fields , a spontaneous alternating quasiparticle current develops with a leading oscillation frequency { \omega } a.c. that is determined by the difference between the critical fields . As a result of the coupling , additional sidebands appear in the energy spectrum of the coupled device that would be absent without phase coherence . +0 The application of the suggested technique to realistic experimental conditions is analyzed and it is shown that the considered effect can be realized for experimentally available condensates . It is shown that there occurs a phase-transition-like behavior in the time-averaged population imbalance between the ground and excited states . +1 The long-range interaction is calculated using the tree algorithm and integrated with the constant-timestep leapfrog integrator . The short-range term is calculated directly and integrated with the high-order Hermite scheme . +0 For each individual pixel the algorithm increases the smoothing scale until the signal-to-noise ratio ( s.n.r . ) to allow different weighting of the event counts registered within the smoothing region . +1 It has turned out to be an unusually fruitful idea , crossing boundaries between particle physics , astrophysics and cosmology . An axion with mass of order $ 10^ { -5 } $ eV ( with large uncertainties ) is one of the leading candidates for the dark matter of the universe . +0 The experiment shows that different selection and survival strategies create different partitions on the entire population of all possible genotypes . The genetic algorithm was run using the designed experiment on a set of 206 polychlorinated biphenyls searching on structure-activity relationships having known the measured octanol-water partition coefficients and a family of molecular descriptors . +0 It is often very difficult to specify an explicit domain model for many information extraction applications , and it is always labor intensive to implement hand-coded heuristics for each new domain . In this paper we will show how ML techniques can be used to support knowledge acquisition for information extraction systems . +1 The desired immersed boundary conditions are approximated on some regular grid points , using different orders ( up to second-order ) polynomial extrapolations . At the beginning of each timestep , the solenoidal velocities ( also satisfying the desired immersed boundary conditions ) , are obtained and fed into a conventional pseudo-spectral solver , together with a modified vorticity . +1 Observations in the Swift era have revealed chromatic afterglow behaviors at least in some GRBs , casting doubts on the EFS origin of GRB afterglows . In this paper , we perform a systematic study to address the question : how bad/good are the external forward shock models ? +0 Moreover , if $ W $ is a Weyl group and the vertices of the permutahedron are chosen in a lattice associated to $ W $ , then we show that our realizations have integer coordinates in this lattice . A crucial role in the construction is played by the $ c $ -singleton cones , the cones in the $ c $ -Cambrian fan which consist of a single maximal cone from the Coxeter fan . +0 This extension provides a starting point for an abundance of constructions in ( higher ) geometry and applications in physics . Similar , but much simpler , constructions hold for other noncompact Lie groups such as the unitary group U ( p , q ) and the symplectic group Sp ( p , q ) . +0 This allows us to readily instantiate the abstract definitions to a wide range of existing systems ( weighted LTS , Segala systems , calculi with names , etc . We show that the Kleisli categories of many common monads are categories of this kind . +1 The classic simple pendulum is a device which works as a simple harmonic oscillator ( S.H.M . ) only approximately . +0 The essential point behind the deleter is that the environment , by means of a dissipative interaction , furnishes a contractive map towards a pure state . We point out the somewhat surprising fact that decoherence can be useful , indeed necessary , for practical quantum computation , in particular , for the effective erasure of quantum memory in order to initialize the state of the quantum computer . +1 The diffusive motion of a colloidal particle trapped inside a small cavity filled with fluid is reduced by hydrodynamic interactions with the confining walls . In this work , we study these wall effects on a spherical particle entrapped in a closed cylinder . +1 We show that the optomechanical response both amplifies and ponderomotively squeezes the quantum light field . We also demonstrate that classical optical fluctuations can be attenuated by 26 dB or amplified by 20 dB with a weak input pump power of & lt ; 40 pW , and characterize the optomechanical amplifier 's frequency-dependent gain and phase response in both the amplitude and phase-modulation quadratures . +1 The behaviour of the resulting system of o.d.e . 's is examined analytically and numerical solutions presented . +0 This technology is the first of its kind and will eliminate the need for cable around personal computers , docking stations , and other consumer electronic devices . 60 GHz millimeter wave transmission will scale the speed of WLANs and WPANs to 6.75 Gbit/s over distances less than 10 meters . +1 The associated dust polarization exhibits more complex structures than seen at lower angular resolution . We analyze the inferred morphologies of the plane-of-sky magnetic field ( B_bot ) in the SMA1 to SMA4 cores and in the envelope using the SMA-Ext and SMA-SubC data . +0 Further , we determine the trees with a perfect matching whose complements have the second-maximal matching energy . In this paper , we characterize the trees with $ n $ vertices whose complements have the maximal , second-maximal and minimal matching energy . +1 However , such calculations depend sensitively on a relatively large number of model input parameters . Given considerable uncertainty in those model parameters , the predicted inspiral rates for double compact objects relevant to gravitational-wave interferometric detectors have been shown to be are uncertain by several orders of magnitude . +0 The first leading-order action includes instantaneous one-pion exchange and same-site contact interactions . At fixed lattice spacing we test model independence of the low-energy effective theory by computing next-to-leading-order corrections for two different leading-order lattice actions . +1 Instead , the accretion to the central super-massive black hole ( SMBH ) is in the form of cold dense blobs that fall-in from an extended region . ( 2 ) Slow massive wide ( SMW ) jets , or rapidly precessing jets , can inflate bubbles similar to those observed in CF clusters . +0 We also introduce a derived category version of the coherent middle extension functor . We extend the Deligne-Bezrukavnikov theory of perverse coherent sheaves by showing that a coherent middle extension ( or intersection cohomology ) functor from perverse sheaves on U to perverse sheaves on X may be defined for a much broader class of perversities than has previously been known . +0 We discuss the existence of energy minimizers without relying on higher-order deformation gradient terms . While the former is classically related to the reference configuration , magnetization is defined in the deformed configuration instead . +0 It is touching all most every aspect of human life . secure multi-party computation is widely studied area in computer science . +0 Moreover , our main result is that we can find a good lambda-frame s categorical in lambda such that K_s subseteq K_lambda . We show that for not few cardinals lambda & lt ; mu there is a superlimit model in K_lambda . +0 Contrarily , the photometric evolution resembles more that of a Type IIP SN with a large drop in luminosity at the end of the plateau phase . The optical spectra are dominated by the narrow ( full width at half-maximum ~1000 km s^-1 ) Balmer lines distinctive of a Type IIn SN with P Cygni profiles . +1 The results show that the saturation density is improved and the equation of state becomes softer as compared to corresponding Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculations . Using the Bonn A potential , nuclear matter is predicted to saturate at an energy per nucleon of -- 15.30 MeV and a density equivalent to a Fermi momentum of 1.38 fm $ ^ { -1 } $ , in excellent agreement with empirical information . +1 The structure of $ [ [ R ] ] $ reflects the symmetry of the quasicrystal . We also analyze the probability distributions of the elements of $ [ T ] $ in this particular model for a better understanding of the characteristics of `` isotropic '' and `` anisotropic '' orientations distributions of the ensemble of TLSs . +1 This allows us to realize the Newton-Hooke groups and their Bargmann type central extensions as subgroups of the isometry groups of the pp-wave spacetimes . The extended Schrodinger type conformal group is identified and its action on the equations of motion given . +0 The presence of SU ( 2 ) _R implies an unbroken custodial symmetry in the Higgs system allowing to eliminate large contributions to the T parameter , whereas the P_LR symmetry and the enlarged fermion representations provide a custodial symmetry for flavour diagonal and flavour changing couplings of the SM Z boson to left-handed down-type quarks . We present the electroweak and flavour structure of a model with a warped extra dimension and the bulk gauge group SU ( 3 ) x SU ( 2 ) _L x SU ( 2 ) _R x P_LR x U ( 1 ) _X . +1 In particular , we have found that it is possible to realize one-way transparent sheets which have the properties of a twist-polarizer in reflection or transmission when illuminated from the other side . Also one-way transparent sheets with controllable co-polarized reflection and transmission from the opposite side are feasible . +0 We show that , when the configuration space is finite , a least-action principle does not exist for such systems . In this paper we study the problem of the existence of a least-action principle for invertible , second-order dynamical systems , discrete in time and space . +0 Besides indicating the robustness of the model to describe earthquake dynamics , those findings reinforce that conservative and non conservative versions of the OFC model are qualitatively different . The conservative version , instead , behaves like a random graph . +0 In a plot of i against Omega the bright Kreutz sungrazers ( such as C/1843 D1 , C/1882 R1 , C/1963 R1 , etc . ) We investigate the relationships among the angular orbital elements -- - the longitude of the ascending node , Omega , the inclination , i , and the argument of perihelion , omega -- - of the Kreutz system 's faint , dwarf sungrazers observed only with the SOHO/STEREO coronagraphs ; their published orbits were derived using a parabolic , purely gravitational approximation . +0 After an extended hiatus between satellite missions , the recently-launched AGILE mission and the upcoming Gamma-ray Large Area Space Telescope ( GLAST ) Large Area Telescope ( LAT ) will allow gamma-ray tests of the theoretical models developed based on past discoveries . Some pulsars have their maximum observable energy output in the gamma-ray band , offering the possibility of using these high-energy photons as probes of the particle acceleration and interaction processes in pulsar magnetospheres . +0 It is shown that SN 2003dh had a high explosion kinetic energy ( $ \sim 4 \times 10^ { 52 } $ erg in spherical symmetry ) , making it one of the most powerful hypernovae observed so far , and supporting the case for association between hypernovae and Gamma Ray Bursts . The spectra of SN 2003dh , identified in the afterglow of GRB030329 , are modeled using radiation transport codes . +1 We present our catalog of U , B , V , and I stellar photometry of the central 18 sq . degree area of the Small Magellanic Cloud . +1 We say that G is a group of inertia type if G is a finite group which has a normal Sylow-p-subgroup with cyclic quotient . We show that if \ell & gt ; d+1 , and G is a subgroup of Sp_ { 2d } ( Q_ { \ell } ) of inertia type , then G is conjugate in GL_ { 2d } ( Q_ { \ell } ) to a subgroup of \Sp_ { 2d } ( Z_ { \ell } ) . +0 Here we complement the discussion by $ D^0 - \bar D^0 $ oscillations data . Then we discuss contributions to rare charm meson decay observables in several models of new physics : a model with an additional spin-1 weak triplet , leptoquark models , Two Higgs doublets model of type III , and a $ Z ' $ model . +1 We study the conditions under which an almost Hermitian structure $ ( G , J ) $ of general natural lift type on the cotangent bundle $ T^*M $ of a Riemannian manifold $ ( M , g ) $ is K\ '' ahlerian . First , we obtain the algebraic conditions under which the manifold $ ( T^*M , G , J ) $ is almost Hermitian . +1 Fast Congestion Notification ( FN ) is one of the proactive queue management mechanisms that practices congestion avoidance to help avoid the beginning of congestion by marking or dropping packets before the routers queue gets full ; and exercises congestion control , when congestion avoidance fails , by increasing the rate of packet marking or dropping . Technically , FN avoids the queue overflows by controlling the instantaneous queue size below the optimal queue size , and control congestion by keeping the average arrival rate close to the outgoing link capacity . +1 This work increases the radial extent of reported OSIRIS/Keck measurements by more than a factor of 3 from 4 '' to 14 '' ( 0.16 pc to 0.56 pc ) , along the projected disk of young stars . For our analysis , we implement a new method of completeness correction using a combination of star-planting simulations and Bayesian inference . +1 Fixing the mass of the latter to its central value from the LHC and taking 40 & lt ; =tanbeta & lt ; =50 , we find a relatively wide allowed parameter space with -11 & lt ; =A_0/M_ { 1/2 } & lt ; =15 and mass of the lightest sparticle in the range ( 0.09-1.1 ) TeV . This sparticle is possibly detectable by the present cold dark matter direct search experiments . +0 This quantum algorithm is much more likely to find solutions than the simple direct use of quantum parallelism . This is done by exploiting the same aspects of problem structure as used by classical backtrack methods to avoid unproductive search choices . +0 These issues are examined quantitatively on two types of 2D models , i.e. , ( a ) Rashba model for $ n $ -type GaAs , and ( b ) Luttinger model for $ p $ -type GaAs . Relaxation is essential to attain the steady state and also to the spin accumulation , but has been considered to be harmful for the intrinsic SHE ( ISHE ) . +0 The z~3 selection is reliable , with spectroscopic follow-up of 10 candidates confirming they are all QSOs at 2.83 & lt ; z & lt ; 3.44 . The search yields 100 z~3 ( U-dropout ) QSO candidates with 19 & lt ; r ' & lt ; 22 over 11.7 deg^2 in the ELAIS-N1 ( EN1 ) and ELAIS-N2 ( EN2 ) fields of the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic ( SWIRE ) Legacy Survey . +0 Adopting kinetic temperatures from the literature , we have employed a Large Velocity Gradient ( LVG ) model to derive the average hydrogen number density [ n ( H2 ) ] within a 16 arcsecond beam toward each source . Analysis of the relative intensities of these transitions can be used to reliably measure the densities of molecular cores . +0 Our analytic solutions are given as an infinite opacity series , which represents a cluster expansion of the sequential multiple scattering . The differential bremsstrahlung spectrum , where Landau-Pomeranchuk-Migdal destructive interference effects are fully accounted for , is calculated for three different cases : ( 1 ) a generalization of the incoherent Bertsch-Gunion solution for asymptotic on-shell jets , ( 2 ) initial-state energy loss of incoming jets that undergo hard scattering and ( 3 ) final-state energy loss of jets that emerge out of a hard scatter . +0 But whose problems are we teaching students to solve ? Physics education research ( PER ) aims to improve how students solve problems . +1 The unseen binary component is most likely a late-type ( K7-M ) dwarf or a white dwarf . Using the high resolution spectra we have measured the K3 star 's rotational broadening to be vsini = 43 +/- 3 km/s and determined a lower limit to the binary mass ratio of q ( =M2/M1 ) & gt ; 2.0 . +1 This volume formula holds for Grassmann manifolds with arbitrary dimension n and p , while previous results pertained only to p=1 , or a fixed p with asymptotically large n. Based on this result , several quantization bounds are derived for sphere packing and rate distortion tradeoff . We establish asymptotically equivalent lower and upper bounds for the rate distortion tradeoff . +0 The detector is based on the direct detection of the two electrons by a tracking device and on the measurement of their energies by a calorimeter . Much attention has been focused on ^ { 100 } Mo and ^ { 82 } Se with their large Q_ { \beta\beta } -values . +0 A recent work detailed the remaining minimal models of this type . However , these generalizations also give radiative masses that can dominate the seesaw masses in regions of parameter space -- - i.e.they are not purely seesaw models , nor are they purely radiative models , but instead they are something in between . +1 It tries to find dividing lines , prove their consequences , prove `` structure theorems , positive theorems '' on those in the `` low side '' ( in particular stable and superstable theories ) , and prove `` non-structure , complexity theorems '' on the `` high side '' . It has started with categoricity and number of non-isomorphic models . +1 But if we introduce the quantum effects of gravity into the stress-energy tensor , these peculiar objects can be constructed self-consistently . Fortunately , loop quantum cosmology ( LQC ) has the potential to serve as a bridge connecting the classical theory and quantum gravity . +0 Since the dielectric anisotropy of a nematic is small , it takes relatively large fields to elicit a significant liquid crystal response . Molecules of a nematic liquid crystal respond to an applied magnetic field by reorienting themselves in the direction of the field . +0 This additional information is used to compute the probabilistic results for a probabilistic query . When doing inference in ProbLog , a probabilistic extension of Prolog , we extend SLD resolution with some additional bookkeeping . +1 The set of species present undergoes long-term evolution due to speciation and extinction events . We summarize results obtained on the macro-evolutionary dynamics of speciations and extinctions , and on the statistical properties of the food webs that are generated by the model . +1 1987 ) are employed in pairs of calculations that are otherwise identical . Both include as a common backbone the experimental reactions rates of Caughlan & amp ; Fowler ( 1988 ) . +1 For instabilities from a high temperature state with a large Fermi surface , we extend a study by Bulut et al . ( arXiv:1305.3301 ) to include a direct antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the Cu sites . +1 Utilizing the kinetic energy spectrum of the molecules in solution , the demon can send `` hotter '' molecules to a higher gravitational potential at the expense of their own energies . Difference in chemical potentials due to concentration gradients and use of semi-permeable membranes ensure the continuing cyclic process . +1 Moreover , we show that the h-vector of the simplicial complex \Delta_ { \chi } is precisely the f-vector , denoted f ( \Delta ) , of the original complex \Delta . We deduce this result by relating f ( \Delta ) with the graded Betti numbers of the Alexander dual of \Delta_ { \chi } . +0 The inevitable solution for otheratomic energy states is only equivalent to the Bohr solution . It derives the modified radial Diracequation which has the consistency solution involving the quantum neutronradius and the neutron binding energy . +1 The best strategy is to perform CTA observations within a few degrees of the Galactic Centre , with the Galactic Centre itself and the most intense diffuse emission regions removed from the analysis . Assuming a cuspy dark matter density profile for the Milky Way , 500 hours of observations in this region provide sensitivities to and below the thermal cross-section of dark matter annihilations , for masses between a few hundred GeV and a few tens of TeV ; therefore CTA will have a significant chance of discovery in some models . +1 There is disagreement in the literature concerning La2Hf2O7 : Ce as it has been reported to show both bright as well as no Ce activated luminescence by different experimental groups . We have performed first-principles electronic structure calculations of these compounds doped with Ce using the pseudopotential method based on the generalized gradient approximation in density functional theory . +0 The non-equilibrium stationary current is heavily dependent on the history of the fluctuating potential during the transient period if the potential has a finite correlation time . We find that the tunneling current is multistable when the fluctuating potential with a finite correlation time is applied before the non-equilibrium steady state is built up . +1 We present the main wireless technologies , software architectures and protocols that need to be exploited , such as multihop , multipath communication and mobility support through multihoming . We present Always Best Packet Switching ( ABPS ) , an operation mode to perform network handover in a seamless way without the need to change the current network infrastructure and configuration . +1 Sensory input , however , is only one factor that influences neural activity . For example , intrinsic dynamics , such as oscillations of networks of neurons , also modulate firing pattern . +1 In this paper a new multiscale modeling technique is proposed . It relies on a recently introduced measure-theoretic approach , which allows to manage the microscopic and the macroscopic scale under a unique framework . +1 In this framework , we model long-slit data and planetary nebulae data out to 7 Re of three galaxies with either decreasing or flat dispersion profiles . We use the corrected Newtonian potential in a dispersion-kurtosis Jeans analysis to account for the mass-anisotropy degeneracy . +0 In this method , a boundary between non-radiative and radiative processes necessarily appears at the factorization scale ( mu_F ) . We are developing a consistent method to combine tree-level event generators for hadron collision interactions with those including one additional QCD radiation from the initial-state partons , based on the limited leading-log ( LLL ) subtraction method , aiming at an application to NLO event generators . +0 To solve these problems , context-aware systems must provide mechanisms to adapt automatically when the context changes significantly . However , context-aware applications do not always behave as user 's desire , and can cause users to feel dissatisfied with unexpected actions . +1 There is currently much interest in the possible presence of intermediate-mass black holes in the cores of globular clusters . Based on theoretical arguments and simulation results it has previously been suggested that a large core radius -- or particularly a large ratio of the core radius to half-mass radius -- is a promising indicator for finding such a black hole in a star cluster . +1 Stokes profiles of Zeeman-sensitive lines of neutral iron in the visible and infrared spectral ranges emerging from the simulated atmosphere have been calculated in order to study their relation to the relevant physical quantities and compare with observational results . We have analyzed the dependence of the Stokes-I line strength and width as well as of the Stokes-V signal and asymmetries on the magnetic field strength . +1 It has as corollary a summation formula of Slater . From this formula new one-term evaluations of 2F1 ( -1 ) and 3F2 ( 1 ) are derived , by applying transformations in the Thomae group . +0 Optimal strategies in the adapted class under various risk criteria , namely value-at-risk , expected shortfall and a new criterion called `` squared asset expectation '' ( SAE ) , related to a version of the cost variance measure , are derived and compared . We solve a version of the optimal trade execution problem when the mid asset price follows a displaced diffusion . +0 10^ { -6 } gauss in the surrounding ISM to ~8 . The pre-shock magnetic field increases from 5 . +0 The repeatability of StarScan measures is about 0.2 micrometer . StarScan comprises of a CCD camera , telecentric lens , air-bearing granite table , stepper motor screws , and Heidenhain scales to operate in a step-stare mode . +1 The data were taken with the CMS detector for PbPb collisions at sqrt ( s [ NN ] ) = 2.76 TeV and pPb collisions at sqrt ( s [ NN ] ) = 5.02 TeV , covering a very wide range of multiplicity . Factorization is observed to be broken as a function of both particle pt and eta . +1 ALICE at the LHC is the experiment dedicated to study the physics of nucleus-nucleus collisions . The apparatus is well suited for the measurement of heavy-quark hadron production , making use of the high spatial resolution provided by the tracking detectors and the excellent particle identification , which are distinctive of the ALICE apparatus . +1 A function is diagonally non-computable ( d.n.c . ) if it diagonalizes against the universal partial computable function.D.n.c . +1 We microscopically analyze the boundary problem for the continuous Bogoliubov-de Gennes-Dirac ( BdGD ) equations and derive the Green functions for normal and superconducting graphene layers . Importing the idea used in tight-binding ( TB ) models of a microscopic hopping that couples different regions , we are able to set up and solve an algebraic Dyson 's equation describing a graphene-superconductor junction . +1 This transition is of the same type and has the same finite-size scaling properties as the corresponding transition for the Cayley tree . At the upper threshold , on the other hand , a single unbounded cluster forms which overwhelms all the others and occupies a finite fraction of the volume as well as of the boundary connections . +0 This also allows a comparison with various published energy distributions differing in height assumptions and to relate the observations to the input parameters of the heating model . As the assumed flare height influences the derived flare energy , the mathematical foundations of nanoflare distributions and their conversion to different height assumptions are studied first . +0 The polytope we studied includes minimum-up/-down time , generation ramp-up/-down rate , logical , and generation upper/lower bound constraints . In this paper , we study the polyhedral structure of an integrated minimum-up/-down time and ramping polytope , which has broad applications in variant industries . +0 Yet , HD 93250 shows absolutely constant radial velocities over time scales of years suggesting either a single star , a binary system seen pole-one or a very long period and/or highly eccentric system . Two different scenarios have been invoked to explain its X-ray properties : wind-wind interaction and magnetic wind confinement . +0 We also give a classification of non-degenerate quadrics in CP^3 under the action of the conformal group . We prove two Liouville-type uniqueness theorems for solutions of this system , and use these to give an alternative proof of the classification of compact locally conformally flat Hermitian surfaces first proved by Pontecorvo . +0 We highlight the role of Lie algebras and non-commutativity in the design of a compensating pulse sequence . In this paper , we make explicit the key aspects of the dynamics that makes such a compensation possible . +1 We used the Local Density Approximation ( LDA ) as in the Wien2k code . We analyze in detail the band structure and the Fermi surface ( FS ) . +0 With the exception of nitrogen , very small star-to-star abundance variations are found for all elements in this analysis . These new results are also compared to published results from F-K supergiant analyses , and found to be in good agreement when both sets of data are carefully examined as differential ( SMC minus Galactic standard ) abundances . +1 This progress is a result of combined experimental and theoretical efforts . In this talk , the theoretical framework ( BLNP ) that enabled such progress is reviewed , as well as other approaches to an inclusive determination of $ |V_ { ub } | $ ( DGE , $ M_X-q^2 $ etc . ) . +0 Both the suppressed hybridization and the violated charge neutrality are characteristic features of metallic nanocontacts . Moreover , a charge transfer of 0.6 electrons off the contact aluminium site is found . +1 The space of m-ary differential operators acting on weighted densities is a ( m+1 ) -parameter family of modules over the Lie algebra of vector fields . For almost all the parameters , we construct a canonical isomorphism between this space and the corresponding space of symbols as sl ( 2 ) -modules . +1 This is very different from the behavior in continuum . Bragg scattering and coupling between angular and radial motion are believed to make this stability possible . +1 This topical review gives a comprehensive overview of the main contributions that led to the major accomplishments in probe-based data storage . The most investigated technologies are reviewed : topographic , phase-change , magnetic , ferroelectric and atomic and molecular storage . +0 By simple we mean an effective description using just a few degrees of freedom . Our aim is to establish simple effective Hamiltonians and Liouvillians allowing an accurate description of the dynamics of the external oscillators regardless the topology of the network . +0 For galaxies with higher mass-replenishment rates and a denser interstellar medium ( ISM ) , the dominant feature is a dense ram-pressure stripped tail . There are several dynamical features that can be identified in these simulations ; for supersonic galaxy motion , a leading bow-shock is present , and also a weak gravitationally focussed wake or tail behind the galaxy ( analogous to Bondi-Hoyle accretion ) . +1 The action of this theory is that of d=4 , N=2 supergravity , up to a twist . The topological field theory is SU ( 2 ) invariant , but the full SO ( 4 ) invariance is recovered after untwist . +1 These new results are also compared to published results from F-K supergiant analyses , and found to be in good agreement when both sets of data are carefully examined as differential ( SMC minus Galactic standard ) abundances . With the exception of nitrogen , very small star-to-star abundance variations are found for all elements in this analysis . +0 The observed similarity of low-energy electronic excitations between iron-chalcogenide and iron-arsenide superconductors strongly suggests that common interactions which involve Q~ ( pi , pi ) scattering are responsible for the superconducting pairing . We have observed an isotropic superconducting gap along the hole-like Fermi surface with the gap size Delta of ~4 meV ( 2Delta/kBTc~7 ) , demonstrating the strong-coupling nature of the superconductivity . +0 Therefore , we infer an upper limit for the gas : dust ratio ( & lt ; 4.0 ) assuming that the gas is atomic . We place upper limits on the column densities and infer upper limits on the gas masses assuming that the gas is in hydrostatic equilibrium , is well-mixed , and has a temperature , Tgas ~ 65 K. Our measurements suggest that this system possesses very little molecular gas . +0 In a search problem , we are given an input x , and asked to find a member of a nonempty set A_x with high probability . In a sampling problem , we are given an input x , and asked to sample approximately from a probability distribution D_x . +1 An efficient scheme is introduced for a fast and smooth convergence to the thermodynamic limit with finite size cluster calculations . This is obtained by modifying the energy levels of the non interacting Hamiltonian in a way consistent with the corresponding one particle density of states in the thermodynamic limit . +1 Classical and quantum dynamics of a harmonic oscillator in a monochromatic wave is studied in the exact resonance and near resonance cases . This model describes , in particular , a dynamics of a cold ion trapped in a linear ion trap and interacting with two lasers fields with close frequencies . +1 We show that the divergence is not due to the continuum limit and formulate the conjecture that the divergent contributions come from regions where the action $ S $ is constant and therefore the interference factor $ e^ { -iS/\hbar } $ does not oscillate . For most systems these regions have zero functional measure and thus give a null contribution to the path integral , but this is not the case for the massless oscillator . +1 For instance , it has been observed that high-z SNe Ia have bluer colours than the local ones : although this goes against extinction to explain why SN are dimmer with redshift until z ~ 1 , supporting a decelerating universe , it also demonstrates intrinsic evolution effects . -- SNe Ia could evolve because the age and metallicity of their progenitors evolve . +1 As a by-product of this investigation , we study the causal structure of the string dual to the nucleated pair as seen by different static observers and we show that it can be interpreted as a dynamical creation of a `gluonic ' wormhole . We explain how this result provides further evidence for the ER=EPR conjecture as an equivalence between two descriptions of the same physical phenomenon . +0 We compute this ratio of branching fractions using hadronic form factors computed in unquenched lattice QCD and obtain R ( D ) = 0.316 ( 12 ) ( 7 ) , where the errors are statistical and total systematic , respectively . Recently the BaBar experiment reported the first observation of the exclusive semileptonic decay B - & gt ; D tau nu , finding an approximately 2-sigma disagreement with the Standard-Model prediction for the ratio R ( D ) =BR ( B- & gt ; D tau nu ) /BR ( B- & gt ; D l nu ) , where l=e , mu . +0 By a specific form of Fourier transforms , we shall show that the heat source is determined uniquely by the minimum boundary condition and the temperature distribution in $ \Omega $ at the initial time $ t=0 $ and at the final time $ t=1 $ . The problem is nonlinear and ill-posed . +0 The collimation effect has been studied versus the order of the Laguerre-Gaussian mode ( up to 10 ) and the laser atom frequency detuning ( 2 to 120 GHz ) . The resulting atomic beam has a 1 mm diameter , its divergence is reduced from 40 down to 3 mrad and the atomic density is increased by a factor of 200 . +0 The compounds [ C ( NH $ _ { 2 } $ ) $ _ { 3 } $ ] M ( HCOO ) $ _ { 3 } $ , where M=Cu $ ^ { 2+ } $ or Cr $ ^ { 2+ } $ are Jahn-Teller ( JT ) active ions , are MOF with perovskite topology which crystallizes in polar space group Pna2 $ _ { 1 } $ . There is great interest in hybrid organic-inorganic materials such as metal-organic frameworks ( MOFs ) . +1 The scale in which present measuments are made is called present scale which gives present knowledge . Quantities at the limits to present measurement may be observables in other scales . +0 The dipole selection rules for optical transitions and Fr\ '' ohlich-like exciton-lattice interaction are derived : It is shown that only exciton states with total angular momentum $ L=0,1 $ and vibrational modes with angular momentum $ l_p=1 $ contribute to the hyper-Raman scattering process . An explicit expression for the hyper-Raman scattering efficiency is derived , which is valid for incident two-photon energy close to the exciton resonances . +0 The goal here is to find tractable approximations of these network distances . Valid metric distances between high order networks have been defined but they are difficult to compute when the number of nodes is large . +0 As a first step , here we characterize the dominant holon and spinon microscopic physical processes that originate more than 99 % of the few-electron spectral weight . In this second paper we discuss and clarify how the relation of the electrons to the above objects can be used in a program for evaluation of finite-energy few-electron spectral functions . +0 It can be generated when an intense laser beam ( the pump ) and a weak laser beam ( the seed ) overlap in a $ \chi^ { ( 3 ) } $ medium ( here cesium vapor ) , with frequencies close to resonance with atomic transitions . Four-wave mixing ( 4WM ) is a known source of intense non-classical twin beams . +1 It is analytically found that when ghost fields relax on the same time scale as the hydrodynamic ones , their major effect is a net enhancement of the fluid viscosity . The bare fluid viscosity is recovered by letting ghost fields evolve on a much longer time scale . +1 The latter is employed to quantize the field in the framework of Dimock . Finally , the resulting algebra of observables is shown to satisfy the wave equation with the usual canonical commutation relations . +0 The mass term is for the U ( 1 ) gauge symmetry breaking in the bulk . We study the lattice effects on the simple holographic toy model ; massive U ( 1 ) gauge theory for the bulk action . +1 To tackle these two challenges , we propose a novel thresholded multivariate principal component analysis ( PCA ) method for multi-channel profile monitoring . Our proposed method consists of two steps of dimension reduction : It first applies the functional PCA to extract a reasonable large number of features under the normal operational ( in-control ) state , and then use the soft-thresholding techniques to further select significant features capturing profile information in the out-of-control state . +0 We introduce here a post-processing procedure to convert , for fixed parameters , all answers into standard real numbers . So far , the answers produced by these implementations included infinitesimal and infinite numbers , which are hard to interpret in practice . +0 The random forest regression models were built using selected variables . Additionally we have tested application of the bagging procedure to the feature selection . +1 Thus , when we prepare a BEC in a magnetic sublevel $ m=0 $ , thermally and quantum-mechanically excited atoms in the $ m=1 $ and $ -1 $ states feel the Lorentz-like foces in the opposite directions . This is the origin for the emergence of the the spin Hall effect . +1 This important experimental result has been theoretically predicted by us almost 6 years ago on a basis of the phenomenological boson fermion model . An earlier theoretical prediction on the basis of this model was that of a pseudogap in the electron DOS , setting in at some temperature T* and evolving into the superconducting gap upon approaching Tc . +1 Anomalies can be viewed as arising from the cohomology of the Lie algebra of the group of gauge transformations and also from the topological cohomology of the group of connections modulo gauge transformations . We show how these two approaches are unified by the transgression map . +0 The method is applicable to arbitrary factor graphs , provided that the size of the Markov blankets is not too large . We propose a method for improving approximate inference methods that corrects for the influence of loops in the graphical model . +1 As the first excitation step , the strongest resonance line at 402 nm from the 6d^2 7s J=3/2 ground state to the 6d7s7p J=5/2 state at 24874 cm^ { -1 } is driven by radiation from an extended cavity diode laser . Spontaneous decay of the intermediate state populates a number of low-lying metastable states , thus limiting the excited state population and fluorescence signal obtainable with continuous laser excitation . +1 By the Robertson-Seymour graph minor theorem , $ \mathcal { D } _k $ is characterised by a finite family of minor-minimal forbidden graphs , which we denote by $ \widehat { \mathcal { D } } _k $ . This paper discusses $ \widehat { \mathcal { D } } _k $ and related topics . +0 There is a need for fake website detection techniques capable of identifying fake online pharmacy websites with a high degree of accuracy . Fake online pharmacies have become increasingly pervasive , constituting over 90 % of online pharmacy websites . +1 We propose a novel mechanism of electroweak symmetry breaking in supersymmetric models , as the one recently discussed by Birkedal , Chacko and Gaillard , in which the Standard Model Higgs doublet is a pseudo-Goldstone boson of some global symmetry . The Higgs mass parameter is generated at one loop level by two different , moderately fine-tuned sources of the global symmetry breaking . +0 Such periodic orbits bifurcate from resonant finite dimensional invariant tori of the fourth order normal form of the system . Accordingly we prove existence of infinitely many periodic orbits with large period accumulating at the origin . +0 It is a representative sample which should not contain biases other than selection by radio morphology . This sample contains a substantial portion of the WAT clusters in the VLA 20 cm survey of Abell clusters , including 75 % of WAT clusters in the complete survey ( z & lt ; =0.09 ) , and 20 % of WAT clusters with z & gt ; 0.09 . +0 It is found that the conductivity loss due to impurities is significantly higher for wave-packets of massive particles , as compared to massless ones . The simulations , based on a relativistic quantum lattice Boltzmann method , permit to compute the transmission coefficient across the sample , thereby providing an estimate for the conductivity as a function of impurity concentration and strength of the potentials . +1 We review the perturbative QCD approach study of hadronic B decays . Utilizing the constrained parameters in these well measured decay channels , we study most of the possible charmless $ B_s \to PP $ , $ PV $ and $ VV $ decay channels in the perturbative QCD approach . +0 However , the figures obtained for Li and the 12C/13C ratios might imply the existence of a non-standard mixing process during the AGB phase operating preferentially in low mass stars . The derived abundances of s-elements nicely agree with theoretical s-process nucleosynthesis predictions during the AGB phase . +1 Previous progress in process physics included the demonstration that space and quantum physics are emergent and unified , with time a distinct non-geometric process , that quantum phenomena are caused by fractal topological defects embedded in and forming a growing three-dimensional fractal process-space , which is essentially a quantum foam . Other features of the emergent physics were : quantum field theory with emergent flavour and confined colour , limited causality and the Born quantum measurement metarule , inertia , time-dilation effects , gravity and the equivalence principle , a growing universe with a cosmological constant , black holes and event horizons , and the emergence of classicality . +0 We focus our attention here on a modified q-entropic measure of the spatial inhomogeneity for binary patterns . Within the framework on non-extensive thermostatistics we revisit the recently advanced q-duality concept . +0 To determine crystal field parameters local Hamiltonian expressed in basis of Wannier functions is expanded in a series of spherical tensor operators . A method to calculate the crystal field parameters { \it ab initio } is proposed and applied to trivalent rare earth impurities in yttrium aluminate and to Tb $ ^ { 3+ } $ ion in TbAlO $ _3 $ . +0 In the linear approximation the equations of our coupled system coincide with those of the Bateman dual system ( a pair of damped and anti-damped harmonic oscillators ) . The response system is described by a linear differential equation coupled nonlinearly to the drive system . +1 We study the edge states for a quantum anomalous Hall system ( QAHS ) coupled with a spin-singlet s-wave superconductor through the proximity effect , and clarify the topological nature of them . When we consider a superconducting pair potential induced in the QAHS , there appear topological phases with nonzero Chern numbers , $ i.e. $ , $ { \cal N } =1 $ and $ { \cal N } =2 $ , where Andreev bound states appear as chiral Majorana edge modes . +1 The necessity of supporting more and more social interaction ( and not only the mere information sharing ) in online environments is the disruptive force upon which phenomena ascribed to the Web2.0 paradigm continuously bud . People interacting in online socio-technical environments mould technology on their needs , seamlessly integrating it into their everyday life . +0 The fractal structure of the classification is shown . An attempt to classify Bell inequalities for qubits is made , a weaker result ( classification with respect to Jevons group ) is obtained . +0 In particular , the question whether such a representation is complete has been debated since almost the early days of quantum mechanics . One of the most central and controversial element of quantum mechanics is the use of non zero vectors of a Hilbert space ( or , more generally , of one dimension subspaces ) for representing the state of a quantum system . +1 First , a meshless simulation method is presented for multiphase fluid-particle flows with a two-way coupled Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ( SPH ) for the fluid and the Discrete Element Method ( DEM ) for the solid phase . The unresolved fluid model , based on the locally averaged Navier Stokes equations , is expected to be considerably faster than fully resolved models . +0 This study consists of a search for maser emission from silicon monoxide ( SiO ) toward a significant number of RSGs that are members of massive stellar clusters , many of which have only recently been discovered . Some RSGs are surrounded by circumstellar envelopes detectable by their dust and molecular and , in particular , maser emission . +0 Building on the quantum intuition of these results , we step back into the classical domain , and explore its usefulness in designing classical algorithms . and by Ta-Shma , suggest that quantum computers may have an exponential advantage in solving a wealth of linear algebraic problems , over classical algorithms . +0 On the other hand , the population may only be metastable on the level of phenotype or fitness while , at the same time , diffusing over { \em neutral networks } of selectively neutral genotypes . One the one hand , populations may become pinned at a local fitness optimum , being separated from higher-fitness genotypes by a { \em fitness barrier } of low-fitness genotypes . +0 Subsequently , we study the shortest path problem and the min-cut problem under these two correlated models . In this paper , we first propose two correlated link-weight models , namely ( i ) the deterministic correlated model and ( ii ) the ( log-concave ) stochastic correlated model . +1 The approach is based on the recently developed by the authors spectrally accurate method for causality characterization that employs SVD-based causal Fourier continuations . The time delay extraction is constructed by incorporating a linearly varying phase factor to the system of equations that determines Fourier coefficients . +0 Our approach follows our fermionic field theory RG method presented in detail earlier on . We present the two-loop renormalization group ( RG ) calculations of all the susceptibilities associated with the two-dimensional flat Fermi surface with rounded corners ( FS ) . +1 The nonocomposites on the base of long ( 5-10 $ \mu $ m , $ { o } $ -MWCNTs ) and short ( 2 $ \mu $ m , $ { m } $ -MWCNTs ) multi-walled carbon nanotubes ( MWCNTs ) hosted by nematic 5CB were investigated in details by means of polarizing microscopy , studies of electrical conductivity and electro-optical behaviour . The spontaneous self-organization of MWCNTs was observed and investigated both theoretically and experimentally . +0 The amplitude is progressively improved by considering more and more complicated operators in the hadronic lagrangian . Likewise , the high-energy behaviour will be demanded for the whole correlator , not for individual absorptive channels . +0 The large quantity of simulations allowed shear measurement methods to be assessed at a level of accuracy suitable for currently planned future cosmic shear observations for the first time . Participants analyzed 30 million simulated galaxies with a range in signal to noise ratio , point-spread function ellipticity , galaxy size , and galaxy type . +0 Pulsation amplitudes reach more than 200 m/s for some lines in HD69013 with a period of 11.4 min and about 100m/s in HD96237 with periods near 13.6 min . Pulsations were found from analysis of high time resolution spectra obtained with the ESO Very Large Telescope using a cross correlation method for wide spectral bands , from lines belonging to rare earth elements and from the H alpha core . +1 The freedom from orbitals and from the Hartree integral makes the proposed approximation numerically highly efficient . The total energies obtained for confined two-dimensional systems are in a good agreement with the standard local-density approximation within density-functional theory , and considerably more accurate than the Thomas-Fermi approximation . +0 We extend our previous work on this model , by further investigating the constraints imposed by the Fluctuation Theorem on the operation of a molecular motor far from equilibrium . This discrete model can be viewed as a \emph { minimal } ratchet model . +1 An effective action is obtained for the $ N=1 $ , $ 2D- $ induced supergravity on a compact super Riemann surface ( without boundary ) $ \hat\Sigma $ of genus $ g & gt ; 1 $ , as the general solution of the corresponding superconformal Ward identity . This is accomplished by defining a new super integration theory on $ \hat\Sigma $ which includes a new formulation of the super Stokes theorem and residue calculus in the superfield formalism . +0 In fact , a much more general theorem for log canonical pairs is established . It is shown that any p-form defined on the smooth locus of a variety with canonical or klt singularities extends regularly to any resolution of singularities . +1 We compare particle spectra , thermal photon spectra and histories of evolution of the quark-gluon plasma produced in the central collision of gold ( lead ) nuclei at RHIC ( LHC ) energies , considering ideal hydrodynamical expansion of the system . The particle and thermal photon spectra are seen to differ only marginally , for the two equations of state . +0 After parameterising the modification of the action using the Compton wavelength parameter $ B_0 $ , we constrain this parameter using ISiTGR , assuming an initial non-informative log prior probability distribution of this cross-over scale . We combine the large-scale structure data with measurements of the cosmic microwave background from the Planck surveyor . +1 Large N resurgent transseries compute gauge-theoretic finite N results nonperturbatively ( no matter how small N is ) . Explicit calculations are carried out within the gauge theory prototypical example of the quartic matrix model . +1 In this article we investigate the possibility of encoding classical information onto multipartite quantum states in the distant laboratory framework . We show that for all states generated by Clifford operation there always exist such an encoding , this includes all stabilizer states such as cluster states and all graph states . +0 The rich array of molecular , atomic and ionic lines , as well as solid state features available in the 8 to 29 micron spectral range brings additional science dimensions to H2EX . H2EX can provide an inventory of warm ( & gt ; 100 K ) molecular gas in a broad variety of objects , including nearby young star clusters , galactic molecular clouds , active galactic nuclei , local and distant galaxies . +1 Motivated by the recent discoveries in chromatin folding that interphase chromosomes have territorial organization with signatures pointing to metastability , we analyzed the biomolecular structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank and found that the intrachain contact probabilities , $ P ( s ) $ as a function of the arc length $ s $ , decay in power-law $ \sim s^ { -\gamma } $ over the intermediate range of $ s $ , $ 10\lesssim s\lesssim 110 $ . We found that the contact probability scaling exponent is $ \gamma\approx 1.11 $ for large RNA ( $ N & gt ; 110 $ ) , $ \gamma\approx 1.41 $ for small sized RNA ( $ N & lt ; 110 $ ) , and $ \gamma\approx 1.65 $ for proteins . +1 However , the construction of continuous-time quantum search algorithms in two-dimensional lattices has proved difficult , requiring additional degrees of freedom . Here , we demonstrate that continuous-time quantum walk search is possible in two-dimensions by changing the search topology to a graphene lattice , utilising the Dirac point in the energy spectrum . +1 However , not all on-demand transport services are equal . In particular , not-for-profit dial-a-ride services with coordinated drivers significantly differ from profit-motivated taxi services with uncoordinated drivers . +1 Single-particle states with mixed isospin and broken parity build up an intrinsic Slater determinant which is then charge and parity projected . By minimizing the energy of this many-body state with respect to the parameters of the single-particle states and projecting afterwards on angular momentum ground state energies are obtained that are systematically lower than corresponding Hartree-Fock results . +0 After the recent result by Jain , Ji , Upadhyay and Watrous showing that QIP=IP , our work completes the picture from the verifier 's perspective by showing that also in the setting of multiple provers with shared entanglement , a quantum verifier is no more powerful than a classical one : QMIP=MIP* . We show that the class of languages recognized by quantum multi-prover interactive proof systems , QMIP , is equal to MIP* , the class of languages recognized by classical multi-prover interactive proof systems where the provers share entanglement . +1 upper limits on Higgs production are a factor of 6.2 ( 1.4 ) higher than the SM cross section for a Higgs mass of m_Higgs = 115 ( 160 ) GeV/c^2 . Based on simulation , the median expected upper limit is 4.3 ( 1.9 ) . +1 We couple a laser-based , space-resolved dynamic light scattering apparatus to a universal testing machine for mechanical extensional tests . We perform simultaneous optical and mechanical measurements on polyether ether ketone , a semi-crystalline polymer widely used in the industry . +1 Short distance singularities of these operator products are computed and it is shown that their coefficients have physically correct sign . Furthermore , we show that conformal algebra holds even in the system perturbed by the cosmological constant vertex operator as in the case of the Liouville theory shown by Curtright and Thorn . +1 We completely classify definite multiplicity spaces for generic tensor products of $ \mathfrak { sl } _2 $ Verma modules . This provides a classification of a family of unitary representations of a basic quantized quiver variety , one of the first such classifications for any quantized quiver variety . +1 This can be tricky , as both dust and old stars redden galactic spectra at the wavelengths used to infer dust . Measuring dust emission directly from these galaxies is thus a more accurate way to estimate the total dust mass , giving us real physical information on the stellar populations and interstellar medium ( ISM ) enrichment . +1 Focusing on the collective behaviors on a population level , we explore potential regulatory functions this model can offer . These functions include fast and synchronized response to environmental change , or long-term memory about the transcriptional status . +0 The purpose of this library is the prediction of the underlying stellar Lyman-alpha absorption in stellar populations of star-forming galaxies with nebular Lyman-alpha emission . The equivalent widths range from about 0 to 30 \AA in absorption for early-O to mid-B stars . +0 We suggest a new method of estimating distances to X-ray pulsars and their magnetic fields . Cyclotron lines at energies $ \ge 100 $ keV in several Be-transient are predicted for future observations . +0 With the help of a computer , we obtain the list of all the chambers for $ m\leq 9 $ and all the strata when $ m\leq 8 $ . We give an algorithm to list all the chambers and other strata ( this is independent of $ d $ ) . +0 The three mechanisms have two constant length struts gliding along fixed linear actuated joints with different relative orientation . Three 2-DOF parallel mechanism architectures dedicated to machining applications are studied in this paper . +0 In real setups , the measurements always suffer from various degenerations such as Gaussian noise , Poisson noise , speckle noise and pupil location error , which would largely degrade the reconstruction . Mathematically , Fourier ptychographic ( FP ) reconstruction can be implemented as a phase retrieval optimization process , in which we only obtain low resolution intensity images corresponding to the sub-bands of the sample 's high resolution ( HR ) spatial spectrum , and aim to retrieve the complex HR spectrum . +1 In terms of the imaginary-time formalism at finite temperature , the root of Planck 's law of radiation can be traced back to finite modification of the infinite vacuum energy induced by the periodic boundary condition in the temporal direction . We give the explicit conversion from the Casimir force to Planck 's law of radiation , which shows the apparent correspondence between the system bounded by parallel conducting plates and the thermodynamic system . +1 Using an established light-curve inversion algorithm , we study the evolution of the surface features based on Kepler space telescope light curves over a period of two years ( with a gap of .25 years ) . At virtually all epochs , we detect at least one large spot group on the surface causing a 1-10 % flux modulation in the Kepler passband . +1 It mainly depends on the observations and it is free of uncertainties in neutrino flux , interaction cross section etc . In this paper we demonstrate that the method is sensitive to a region of oscillation parameter space that explains all the features of atmospheric neutrino data in the Super-Kamiokande detector ; the limiting factor being the statistical strength of the KGF observations . +0 Since every medium has damping so it is more realistic to use the damped wave equation instead of the undamped wave equation . The study reveals that the damping of the medium has strong effect in the propagation of torsional wave . +0 ( arXiv:1305.3301 ) to include a direct antiferromagnetic exchange coupling between the Cu sites . For instabilities from a high temperature state with a large Fermi surface , we extend a study by Bulut et al . +0 The derivation of the abundances is performed by using a modified version of the WIDTH9 code ( originally developed by R. L. Kurucz ) in its Linux version ( Sbordone et al.2004 ) . 2013 ) is a code written in standard Fortran 77 and aimed at finding the best atmospheric parameters and the abundance of individual elements by using the equivalent widths ( EWs ) of metallic lines , providing graphical and statistical tools to evaluate the goodness of the solution . +0 The broad lines can be unambiguously identified with emission from an accretion disk which rotates prograde with the orbit . The UV emission lines of Hercules X-1 , resolved with the HST GHRS and STIS , can be divided into broad ( FWHM 750 km/s ) and narrow ( FWHM 150 km/s ) components . +1 Numerical simulations with the coupled-NLS model with $ 2 \le N \le 4 $ show stable oscillatory dynamics of soliton amplitudes at short-to-intermediate distances , in agreement with predictions of the predator-prey model . Furthermore , the main destabilizing mechanism at long distances is due to generation of radiative sidebands , where the sidebands for a given channel form at the frequencies of solitons in the neighboring channels . +0 When one of these modes dominates , the acceleration rate is reduced considerably . In the model , both ions interact with several resonant modes . +1 In this article , we first describe the network architecture of disaster resilient heterogeneous small cell networks ( DRHSCNs ) , where several self-organization inspired approaches are applied . Based on the proposed resilient heterogeneous small cell network architecture , self-configuring ( power , physical cell ID and neighbor cell list self-configuration ) and self-optimizing ( coverage and capacity optimization and mobility robustness optimization ) techniques are investigated in the DRHSCN . +0 Generally , The upper band on the positive frequency axis is much sharper than the lower band on the negative side . A stable gap and two bands emerges for all momentum when the coupling strength beyonds a critical value . +1 Explicit expressions for the effective neutrino diagonal and transition magnetic moments for the flavor basis in terms of these values for the mass states are obtained . The effective evolution Hamiltonian for the flavor neutrino and the corresponding oscillation probability are derived . +0 Using the ladder hamiltonian and analytical calculation of average conductance we find the set of resonance conditions which complements the $ \pi $ -coupling rule for anomalies . We discuss the conditions under which an anomaly occurs in conductance and localization length of Anderson model on a lattice . +1 The plasmon dispersion of the extrinsic ( doped ) system displays a minimum at finite temperature before it crosses over to the superlinear intrinsic behavior at higher temperature , implying that the high-temperature plasmon is a universal feature of Dirac liquids irrespective of doping . This striking characteristic temperature dependence of intrinsic Dirac plasmons along with the logarithmic renormalization is a unique manifestation of the three-dimensional relativistic Dirac nature of quasiparticle excitations and serves as an experimentally observable signature of three-dimensional Dirac materials . +0 Let \mu_j^n denote the restriction of \mu to the sigma-algebra generated by the variables \sigma ( x ) , where x is at distance exactly n from \rho . The resulting measure \mu_j is defined on configurations \sigma= ( \sigma ( x ) ) _ { x\in V } \in A^V , where A is some finite set . +0 Let $ X $ be a normal complex projective variety . We prove an analogue of the Lefschetz ( 1,1 ) Theorem characterizing cohomology classes of Cartier divisors ( or equivalently first Chern classes of line bundles ) in the second integral cohomology . +0 Going from classical to quantum description of bound charged particles . Kholmetskii and O.V.Missevitch . +0 The anisotropy of the interorbital hopping amplitudes is the key to understanding this low moment state . For the intermediate values of the interaction expected to hold in the iron pnictides , we find a metallic low moment state characterized by antiparallel orbital magnetic moments . +1 So far , the answers produced by these implementations included infinitesimal and infinite numbers , which are hard to interpret in practice . We introduce here a post-processing procedure to convert , for fixed parameters , all answers into standard real numbers . +0 Despite detailed searches , observations have been unable to confirm the atmospheric composition of isolated neutron stars . If there is accretion after neutron star formation , the atmosphere could be composed of light elements ( H or He ) ; if no accretion takes place or if thermonuclear reactions occur after accretion , heavy elements ( for example , Fe ) are expected . +0 Then , we extend this method to the N-point case . In this case , the moduli space of the noncommutative deformations is of dimension 19 , the same as the moduli dimension of the complex deformations of commutative algebraic K3 surfaces . +1 We analyze the behavior of the purity , fidelity and Husimi distributions corresponding to initial states localized on short periodic orbits ( scar functions ) and map eigenstates . Scar functions , that have a fundamental role in the semiclassical description of chaotic systems , emerge as very robust against environmental perturbations . +1 We further investigate this issue by means of Spitzer imaging and spectroscopy in the 5-70 micron range . The dense core of Mol160/IRAS23385+6053 , which up to now had only been detected at submm and mm wavelenghts has been revealed for the first time at 24 and 70 micron by Spitzer . +1 The Boltzmann equations are formulated in the inertial frame with collision terms being evaluated to the zeroth order of v/c . A basic set of neutrino reactions for three neutrino species is implemented together with a realistic equation of state of dense matter . +1 We are able to resolve a long-standing controversy by showing that the soft-pion theorem result $ f_0 ( q^2_ { max } ) = f_B/f_ { \pi } $ does hold as $ m_ { \pi } \rightarrow 0 $ . We use the Highly Improved Staggered Quark formalism for the light quarks and show that staggered chiral perturbation theory for the $ m_ { \pi } $ dependence is almost identical to continuum chiral perturbation theory for $ f_0 $ , $ f_B $ and $ f_ { \pi } $ . +0 In particular , the functional form of N ( E ) is that of a 4D gas near the very lowest energies and a 2D gas at somewhat higher energies . Recent study of the analogous He-4 system has shown that the effect of heterogeneity is to yield a density of states N ( E ) that is qualitatively different from the one-dimensional ( 1D ) form of N ( E ) that would occur for an ideal set of identical channels . +0 Moreover , it is very challenging due to heterogeneity of the cloud resources with varying capacities and functionalities . In multi-cloud environment , task scheduling has attracted a lot of attention due to NP-Complete nature of the problem . +1 New mass sum rules of remarkable accuracy are presented . As shown in decuplet case , the approach accounts for effects highly nonlinear in SU ( 3 ) -breaking . +1 We would like to prove something like the following : a ) That there exists an infinite index set $ I $ , and a family of mappings indexed by $ I $ , $ \ { F_i\ , |\ , i\in I\ } \subset { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) $ such that $ $ { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) = { \rm Aut } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) \cup\bigcup_ { i\in I } R_ { F_i } ( { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) ) , $ $ where if $ i\ne j $ then $ R_ { F_i } ( { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) ) \cap R_ { F_j } ( { \rm et } ( \mathbb { C } ^2 ) ) =\emptyset $ . b ) That the parallel representation to the representation described in ( a ) above holds true , this time with respect to the left composition operators $ L_ { G_j } $ . +1 This includes frequency mixing , optical rectification or nonlinear current generation , which are of particular interest for generating radiation in spectral regions that are difficult to access , such as the terahertz gap . Owing to its specific linear dispersion and high electron mobility at room temperature , graphene is particularly attractive for realizing strong nonlinear effects . +1 The van der Waals equation of state is used to define a conservative force that describes the model fluid used in this study . Additional computational tools were developed to help visualize the vapor bubble formed in the system . +0 Incorporation of the brane inflation scenario and the noncommutative inflation scenario can nicely explain the large negative running of the spectral index as indicated by WMAP three-year data and can significantly release the fine-tuning for the parameter $ \beta $ . In this paper , we investigate the noncommutative KKLMMT D3/anti-D3 brane inflation scenario in detail . +1 These generalizations have a common property , that their values are not continuous . They are sensitive with edge weight changes , especially at zero weight . +1 As a consequence , Sobolev mappings from an open set of the plane , taking values in the first Heisenberg group and that have almost everywhere maximal rank must have images with positive 3-dimensional Hausdorff measure with respect to the sub-Riemannian distance of the Heisenberg group . This provides a complete solution to a question raised in a paper by Z. M. Balogh , R. Hoefer-Isenegger and J. T. Tyson . +1 Initial discrepancies in the comparisons indicated the need for improvement of several of the analytical estimates . As an example , we found that the fourth-order Runge-Kutta/Predictor-Corrector method was slow but accurate , and that it passed all the benchmarks it was tested against , often to the sub-part per billion level . +0 The kinematic distance of the associated molecular cloud is 11.9 kpc . We study stars and molecular gas in the direction of IRAS06145+1455 ( WB89-789 ) through NIR ( JHK ) , molecular line- , and dust continuum observations . +0 Our simulation results indicate that bi-directional face traversal decreases the latency of message delivery two to three times compared to single direction face traversal . We apply $ 2FACE $ to a variety of geometric routing algorithms . +1 Periodic solutions with near collisions of small bodies were named by Poincar\'e second species periodic solutions . Such solutions shadow chains of collision orbits of 2 uncoupled Kepler problems . +0 The confidence level that this is due to a real effect and not a background fluctuation is 99.8\ % . A $ 4.3\sigma $ excess over background was observed between 10 and 20 minutes following the onset of a GRB on 11 May 1991 . +0 Its ideal K_A of compact operators has nontrivial K-theory , and we prove that the DHR endomorphisms of C* ( A ) with finite statistical dimension act on K_A , giving rise to an action of the fusion semiring of DHR sectors on K_0 ( K_A ) $ . In particular , if A is completely rational with n sectors , then C*_ln ( A ) is a direct sum of n type I_\infty factors . +0 For the kernel of the learning mechanism , we use a Hidden Markov model ( HMM ) as the structure of the attack vector model to capture the implicit manner of the attack vector , and this manner is benefited from the syntax meanings that are labeled by the proposed tokenizing mechanism . Mutated XSS attack generation depends on the analysis of attack vectors and the structural learning mechanism . +0 A ( dis- ) continuous behavior of quantum fidelity at phase transition points characterizes a ( dis- ) continuous phase transition . Accordingly , a multiple-bifurcation of the quantum groundstate fidelity is shown to occur as the transverse magnetic field varies from the symmetry phase to the broken-symmetry phase , which means that a multiple-bifurcation point corresponds to a critical point . +0 Based on this analysis we define the switch distribution , a modification of the Bayesian marginal distribution . We identify the `` catch-up phenomenon '' as a novel explanation for the slow convergence of Bayesian methods . +0 We exhibit a parallel dynamics ( Probabilistic Cellular Automaton ) which efficiently implements the sampling . We consider the problem of approximate sampling from the finite volume Gibbs measure with a general pair interaction . +0 The changes in the flux statistics are not due to differences in the temperature-density relation of the photo-ionised gas . At redshift z=2.25 , the effects on the flux statistics are of a similar magnitude as the statistical uncertainties of published data sets . +1 We developed a new type of AC microcalorimeter based on a modulated-bath technique for measuring the specific heat of small microgram samples in the temperature range from 30-300 K , and tested it in magnetic fields up to 14 T. The device is built from a modified commercial Peltier element . The temperature of its top plate can be modulated periodically by Peltier effect , so that the oscillation is symmetrical about the temperature of the main bath . +0 Geometric arguments prove that these `` classifying stack topologies '' enjoy the properties expected from the \v { C } ech topologies . We propose another way to topologize $ H^n ( k , G ) $ : in the key case $ n = 1 $ , identify $ H^1 ( k , G ) $ with the set of isomorphism classes of objects of the groupoid of $ k $ -points of the classifying stack $ \mathbf { B } G $ and invoke Moret-Bailly 's general method of topologizing $ k $ -points of locally of finite type $ k $ -algebraic stacks . +1 In the present paper , lattice ordered pseudo-effect algebras are considered as possible algebraic non-commutative analogs of non-commutative non-standard reasoning . To this aim , the interplay among conjunction , implication and negation connectives is studied . +1 Using Luna 's slice theorem , we give criteria for $ p_m^* $ to be an isomorphism for all $ m $ , and we prove this when $ G=SL_n $ , $ GL_n $ , $ SO_n $ , or $ Sp_ { 2n } $ and $ V $ is a sum of copies of the standard representation and its dual , such that $ V//G $ is smooth or a complete intersection . We classify all representations of $ \mathbb { C } ^* $ for which $ p^*_ { \infty } $ is surjective or an isomorphism . +1 For $ \Delta m^2 & gt ; 0 $ ( the light side ) , the electron neutrinos from the neutronization burst would be lost , while the first event at Kamiokande is quite likely to be due to an electron neutrino . For $ \Delta m^2 & lt ; 0 $ ( the dark side ) , the average energy of the dominantly $ \bar { \nu } _e $ events is already lower than the theoretical expectations , which would get aggravated by a complete conversion from $ \bar { \nu } _\mu $ to $ \bar { \nu } _e $ . +1 Substituting for the vacuum expectation value of the components of the energy-momentum tensor on the RHS of the Einstein equation , we deduce a relationship between the radius of the universe and its temperature . This relationship exhibit a maximum temperature , below the Planck scale , at which the system changes its behaviour drastically . +1 This resolution allowed us to detect a richer spectrum of BPs in the QS . The smallest BPs we observed with TiO 705.68 nm were 0.13 '' , and we were able to resolve individual components in some of the BPs clusters and ribbons observed in the QS , showing that they are composed of the individual BPs . +1 In this work , we focus on the sensitivity of the evolution to the initial flow state , which has not received much attention in 3-D modeling studies . We find that different initial states lead to markedly different distributions-even under the application of strong forcing ( large day-night temperature difference with a short `` thermal drag time '' ) that may be representative of close-in planets . +1 Here we present a fully three-dimensional simulation of a violent merger of two carbon-oxygen white dwarfs with masses of $ 0.9 \mathrm { M_\odot } $ and $ 1.1 \mathrm { M_\odot } $ combining very high resolution and exact initial conditions . A well-tested combination of codes is used to study the system . +1 This family is used to get uniform estimates on higher derivatives to solutions to the 3D Navier-Stokes equations . Those estimates are uniform , up to the possible blowing-up time . +0 Predictive state representations ( PSRs ) are a recently introduced class of models for discrete-time dynamical systems . Modeling dynamical systems , both for control purposes and to make predictions about their behavior , is ubiquitous in science and engineering . +0 A complete description beyond mean field also contains dynamical gauge fields , while a simplified procedure considers Gutzwiller-projected trial states . Slave particle approaches are widely used in studies of exotic quantum phases . +1 Sine preserving self-mappings are studied , and a complete description of the linear ones is given . In the last section we exhibit a version of the Law of Sines for Radon planes . +1 We study the impact of including the self-energy feedback and frequency-dependent interactions on functional renormalization group grows for the two-dimensional Hubbard model on the square lattice at weak to moderate coupling strength . Previous studies using the functional renormalization group had ignored these two ingredients to large extent , and the question is how much the flows to strong coupling analyzed by this method depend on these approximations . +0 Although the literature on the subject provides theoretical error bounds for the FMM approximation , there are not many reports of the measured errors in a suite of computational experiments . This has brought dramatic increase in the capability of particle simulations in many application areas , such as electrostatics , particle formulations of fluid mechanics , and others . +1 An open bosonic string is considered with the aim to construct a general gauge invariant , being a polynomial of Fubini-Veneziano ( FV ) fields . The FV fields are transformed as 1-forms on $ S^1 $ , that allows to formulate the problem in geometric terms . +0 The metals locked in stars give a picture of the galaxy metallicity prior to the last burst of star formation . The near infrared ( IR ) absorption spectra of starburst galaxies show several atomic and molecular lines from red supergiants which can be used to infer reliable stellar abundances . +0 This radiation is thought to originate from particles accelerated in the shock region between the pulsar wind ( PW ) and stellar outflows . The system exhibits variable , non-thermal radiation visible from radio to very high energies ( VHE ) around periastron passage . +1 We show that the Kleisli categories of many common monads are categories of this kind . This allows us to readily instantiate the abstract definitions to a wide range of existing systems ( weighted LTS , Segala systems , calculi with names , etc . +1 In the presence of a boundary , with the so-called method of images it is possible to study the surface critical behaviour of these systems , and the conformal boundary conditions can be related to the bulk operator content of the theory . After an overview of the basic concepts of bulk and boundary conformal field theory , we present an explicit calculation of some two-point correlation functions in Virasoro minimal models with boundary . +1 In cosmology , gravitational-wave distortions are produced by most of the inflationary scenarios and their anticipated detection should open a new window to the early universe . Motivated by the relative lack of studies on the potential implications of gravitational radiation for the large-scale structure of the universe , we consider its coupling to density perturbations during the post-recombination era . +0 First , a steady transonic shock solution with supersonic backgroumd charge is shown to be structurally stable with respect to small perturbations of the background charge , provided that the electric field is positive at the shock location . In this paper , both structural and dynamical stabilities of steady transonic shock solutions for one-dimensional Euler-Poission system are investigated . +0 The moduli spaces of such models with $ \NF=3 $ quark flavors and $ \NA=1 $ antisymmetric field are analogous to that of SUSY QCD with $ \NF=\NC+1 $ flavors . We investigate the confining phase vacua of supersymmetric $ Sp ( 2\NC ) $ gauge theories that contain matter in both fundamental and antisymmetric representations . +0 Although FCC-ee is based on known technology , the goal performance in luminosity and energy calibration make it quite challenging . The FCC-ee aims at definitive electro-weak precision measurements of the Z , W , H and top particles , and search for rare phenomena . +1 In certain cases with N=0,1 supersymmetry correlation functions in the planar limit are the same as in the parent N=2 supersymmetric theories . In particular , the effective action in such theories perturbatively is not renormalized beyond one loop in the planar limit . +0 For pure time displacement field , when its spatial differentials are commutative , conservative fields can be established . The Schwarzschild metric and Kerr Metric of Einstein field equation shows that the spatial differential of time gauge is the gravity field . +0 In this paper , we generalise the Fisher matrix approach from the context of parameter fitting to that of model testing , and show how the expected evidence can be computed under the same simplifying assumption of a gaussian likelihood as the Fisher matrix approach for parameter estimation . From a Bayesian viewpoint , this involves computation of the Bayesian evidence . +0 We construct a finitely presented semigroup whose central elements uniquely encode all isotopy classes of 2-dimensional links . The proof is based on a representation of surfaces in 4-space by marked graphs , links with double intersections in 3-space . +0 In this paper , we describe the use of videos produced by high school students as an assessment resource . We propose that students ' video production offers a very effective formative assessment to teachers : as a formative assessment , it produces information that allows the understanding of where and when the learning process succeeded or failed , of identifying , as a subject or as a group , the defficiencies or misunderstandings related to the theme under analysis and their interpretation by students , and it provides also a different kind of assessment , related to some other life skills , like the ability to carry a project to its conclusion and to work cooperatively . +0 Define the s-dimensional parameter vector tau = C^T beta - t , where C and t are specified . Suppose the parameter of interest is theta = a^T beta , where a is specified . +0 ) , at the lowest end of current estimates . The GH/CGM in the direction of MBM 16 is negligible or inexistent in our observation , with upper limits on the emission measure of 9.5x10^ { -4 } pc cm^ { -6 } ( 90 % C.L . +0 By blowing up the base points we get an elliptic Lefschetz fibration on the complex elliptic surface $ E ( 1 ) = $ \cp $ # 9 $ \cpb $ \to S^2 $ with twelve singular fibers and $ k $ disjoint sections . This relation induces an elliptic Lefschetz pencil structure on the four-manifold \cp $ # ( 9-k ) $ \cpb $ $ with $ k $ base points and twelve singular fibers . +0 We have reconstructed model-independent images from the 10 in-eclipse epochs which show that a disk-like object is indeed responsible for the eclipse . This long sequence of data provides an ideal assessment of the system prior to , during , and after the recent 2009-2011 eclipse . +1 However , most stochastic processes hide their memory in higher-order temporal correlations . Information measures -- -specifically , divergences in the mutual information between a process ' past and future ( excess entropy ) and minimal predictive memory stored in a process ' causal states ( statistical complexity ) -- -provide a different way to identify long memory in processes with higher-order temporal correlations . +1 The creation of popular science web videos on the Internet has increased in recent years . The diversity of formats , genres , and producers makes it difficult to formulate a universal definition of science web videos since not every producer considers him- or herself to be a science communicator in an institutional sense , and professionalism and success on video platforms no longer depend exclusively on technical excellence or production costs . +1 This technique enables the SQUID magnetometery in high magnetic fields , up to 7 Tesla . The main challenges and the calibration process are detailed . +1 Consider the category of g^-modules at the critical level , on which the action of the Iwahori subalgebra integrates to algebraic action of the Iwahori subgroup I . We study the action on this category of the convolution functors with the `` central '' sheaves on the affine flag scheme G ( ( t ) ) /I . +0 Such a state may be characterized as a mesonic molecule or as a diquark-antidiquark pair . The conjecture that several recently observed mesons have a structure , which is not dominated by an ordinary quark-antiquark pair , but by a four-quark structure , is being actively investigated both theoretical and experimentally . +1 It is argued that irradiation in low-mass X-ray binaries ( LMXBs ) caused by accretion-generated X-rays can not only change the optical appearance of LMXBs but also their outburst properties and possibly also their long-term evolution . Irradiation during an outburst of the outer parts of the accretion disc in a transient LMXB leads to drastic changes in the outburst properties . +0 The latter are refined by the use of these topics as they allow a precise classification of the mathematics area this document addresses . These topics are used when submitting a document to a digital mathematics library and to perform searches in a library . +0 It has been shown that the energy-momentum tensor of this field conserves and hence the displacement field can be treated as one that transports energy and gravitates . The gauge invariant equations for the displacement field have been derived . +0 The developed formalism can describe edge excitations localized both at the physical edges of the array and at the internal `` domain walls '' separating array regions existing in different static magnetization states . The theory is formulated using a formalism of multi-vectors of magnetization dynamics , which allows one to study edge excitations in arrays having arbitrary complex primitive cells and lattice geometry . +1 Furthermore , we see an offset of 1.0 +- 0.2 arcseconds , which corresponds to 8.4 +- 1.7 kpc , between the host and the afterglow position . We discuss the importance of using Chandra for obtaining sub-arcsecond X-ray localizations of short GRB afterglows to study GRB environments . +1 Here we present ultraviolet images , taken with the OM UVW2 filter ( 140-270 nm ) , of various Seyfert galaxies , some of which have never been observed in this waveband before . The images show UV emission from both the active nucleus and the host galaxy . +1 The publicly available EIS-DEEP optical-NIR data for the AXAF ( Chandra ) Deep Field have been used to construct samples of Extremely Red Objects ( EROs ) using various single-band and multi-band color criteria . In this work we define as EROs objects with colors consistent with passively evolving elliptical galaxies at z $ \geq $ 1 . +0 Uses jnl.tex and epsf.tex for figure 3 . Quenched chiral perturbation theory leads to quantitative insight on the difference between quenched and unquenched QCD , and reveals clearly some of the diseases which are expected to plague quenched QCD . +0 We provide basic data on the properties of these objects , and show that despite their absolute magnitude being significantly brighter than L $ ^* $ ( typically M $ _B $ = -22 ) , they are generally smaller than nearby galaxies . We find 8 such objects in the region , giving a comoving number density comparable to that of nearby bright galaxies ( for a flat q $ _0 $ =0.5 , H $ _0 $ =100 kms $ ^ { -1 } $ Mpc $ ^ { -1 } $ universe ) . +1 The Rabi oscillations of a two-level atom illuminated by a laser on resonance with the atomic transition may be suppressed by the atomic motion through averaging or filtering mechanisms . The optical analogs of these velocity effects are described . +1 Users are associated with base-stations ( BSs ) based on the biased downlink received power . Spectrum is either shared or orthogonally partitioned among the tiers . +1 Central to this picture is a putative accretion disk which is believed to be the source of the majority of the radiative output . It is well known , however , that the most extensively studied disk model -- an optically thick disk which is heated locally by the dissipation of gravitational binding energy -- is apparently contradicted by observations in a few major respects . +0 Numerical tests validate our approach . Algorithms combining soft thresholding with gradient descent are proposed for minimizing this new functional . +1 We measure branching fractions $ BR ( B^+\to\eta_c K^+ ) = ( 0.69 + 0.26 - 0.21 +- 0.08 +- 0.20 ) \times 10^ { -3 } $ and $ BR ( B^0\to\eta_c K^0 ) = ( 1.09 + 0.55 - 0.42 +- 0.12 +- 0.31 ) \times 10^ { -3 } $ , where the first error is statistical , the second is systematic and the third is from the $ \eta_c $ branching fraction uncertainty . From these we extract the $ \eta_c $ decay constant in the factorization approximation , $ f_ { \eta_c } = 335 +- 75 $ MeV . +1 The first pinpointed those ( p , D ) slots consistent with kappa-symmetric Green-Schwarz type actions ; the second generalized the `` membrane at the end of the universe '' idea to all those superconformal groups describing p-branes on the boundary of AdS_ { p+2 } x S^ { D-p-2 } . Although the second version predicted D3 and M5 branes in addition to those of the first , it came unstuck because the 1/2 BPS solitonic branes failed to exhibit the required symmetry enhancement in the near-horizon limit , except in the non-dilatonic cases ( p=2 , D=11 ) , ( p=3 , D=10 ) and ( p=5 , D=11 ) . +1 The spread of a set of points is the ratio between the longest and shortest pairwise distances . We show that in the worst case , the Delaunay triangulation of n points in R^3 with spread D has complexity Omega ( min { D^3 , nD , n^2 } ) and O ( min { D^4 , n^2 } ) . +0 In particular , the results show that the polytopic and ellipsoidal uncertainty sets , that allow second-order cone re-formulations of robust quadratically constrained programs , continue to permit exact SDP-relaxations for a broad class of robust SOS-convex programs . It establishes sums of squares polynomial representations characterizing robust solutions and exact SDP-relaxations of robust SOS-convex programs under various commonly used uncertainty sets . +0 In this Letter , we prove a useful formula , which makes it possible to investigate this conjectured universality in arbitrary dimensions for the maximally symmetric black holes in general Lovelock gravity and $ f ( R ) $ gravity . The property has been studied in limited dimensions and the generalization in arbitrary dimensions is not straight-forward . +1 In this paper , an experimental method is presented for investigating the ion wakefield which employs a new oscillation technique designed to perturb a two-particle vertical chain . Using this technique , damped free fall oscillations are generated via an external DC bias to the lower electrode . +1 In the literature , these calculations were mainly reported for linear mixtures up to now . They are more complex for nonlinear mixtures , due to dependencies between the considered quantities . +1 Traditional parallel schedulers running on cluster supercomputers support only static scheduling , where the number of processors allocated to an application remains fixed throughout the execution of the job . This results in under-utilization of idle system resources thereby decreasing overall system throughput . +1 We show how a formal series expansion of the invariant measure of a Langevin dynamics numerical method can be obtained in a straightforward way using the Baker-Campbell-Hausdorff lemma . We then compare Langevin dynamics integrators in terms of their invariant distributions and demonstrate a superconvergence property ( 4th order accuracy where only 2nd order would be expected ) of one method in the high friction limit ; this method , moreover , can be reduced to a simple modification of the Euler-Maruyama method for Brownian dynamics involving a non-Markovian ( coloured noise ) random process . +0 The electrostatic solutions represent the exterior metrics and fields of configurations where the gravitational and electric equipotential surfaces have the same symmetry . The corresponding solutions for each specific theory can be obtained by transforming back to the original canonical representation , and the conversions are given for the theories of Jordan-Brans-Dicke , Barker , Schwinger , and conformally invariant coupling . +0 Over the last about fifty years many models have come up which try to simulate seismic activity by mimicking plate plate interactions . Earthquake dynamics is the study of the interactions of plates ( solid disjoint parts of the lithosphere ) which produce seismic activity . +1 This is because the AGB stellar evolution is strongly affected by the mass-loss process from the stars . It is important to describe mass loss more accurately so as to incorporate it into stellar evolutionary models . +1 In this contribution I will show how these factors evolve with pseudorapidity and collision centrality . We see a Cronin-like enhancement in d+Au collisions at midrapidity , going to a strong suppression at eta & gt ; = 2 . +1 In the laboratory frame , reflection and transmission coefficients corresponding to the principal polarization directions in each crystal are given explicitly in terms of the c-axis and propagation directions . The solution is found by first deriving explicit expressions for reflection and transmission amplitude coefficients for waves propagating from an arbitrarily oriented uniaxial anisotropic material into an isotropic material . +0 In the second one , only response variables are observed while the linear covariates are missing . In the first one , response variables depend on multiple linear combinations of covariates . +0 The transition mechanism from point particle field to fluid field , and vice versa , is discussed . Gauge symmetry is preserved for all terms inside the Lagrangian , except for the viscous term . +0 Using 408 MHz and 1465 MHz feed measurements , the model shows how a weakly-diffracting and unshielded antenna configuration becomes strongly-diffracting and double-shielded as far-field diffraction effects give way to near-field ones . We investigate the shielding performance of the experiment by means of a geometric diffraction model in order to predict the level of the spillover and diffraction sidelobes in the direction of the ground . +0 For classifications where primitive positive definitions are unsuitable , such as size-preserving reductions , weaker closure operations may be necessary . Universal algebra and clone theory have proven to be a useful tool in the study of constraint satisfaction problems since the complexity , up to logspace reductions , is determined by the set of polymorphisms of the constraint language . +0 The former has a one to one correspondence with the toric diagram while the latter can correspond to multiple gauge theories . There are some standing paradoxes in the literature regarding relations among ( p , q ) -webs , toric diagrams and various phases of the gauge theories , we resolve them by proposing and carefully distinguishing between two kinds of ( p , q ) -webs : toric and quiver ( p , q ) -webs . +0 Depending on how the age of the current last record is defined , we propose three distinct sequences of ages ( indexed by $ \alpha $ = I , II , III ) associated to a given sequence of records . We consider the age of the records , i.e.the time up to which a record survives . +1 In this model , the role of inner forces is to create a specific stable distribution of the charge over a body . We assume that the charge distribution over a body can be described by the density of the charge . +0 Spectrum is either shared or orthogonally partitioned among the tiers . Users are associated with base-stations ( BSs ) based on the biased downlink received power . +1 The physical mechanism is elucidated with the aid of electromagnetic field distribution at the resonance wavelengths . A hybrid magnetic resonance mode due to plasmon-phonon coupling is also discussed . +0 Its performance is well in line with expectations , and it will continue to gather scientific data until the end of its cryogenic lifetime . The European Space Agency 's Planck satellite was launched on 14 May 2009 , and has been surveying the sky stably and continuously since 13 August 2009 . +0 This latter system can e.g.describe electron-phonon interaction on fullerene related structures such as the buckminster fullerene and nanotubes . In this paper , we study the modified non-linear Schroedinger equation , which arises as continuous equation in a system describing an excitation on a hexagonal lattice . +1 While a wide range of approaches have met varying levels of success , most IDS 's rely on having access to a database of known attack signatures which are written by security experts . Nowadays , in order to solve problems with false positive alters , correlation algorithms are used to add additional structure to sequences of IDS alerts . +1 We present a theory of the elementary spin excitations in transition metal ferromagnet nanoparticles which achieves a unified and consistent quantum description of both collective and quasiparticle physics . The theory starts by recognizing the essential role played by spin-orbit interactions in determining the energies of ferromagnetic resonances in the collective excitation spectrum and the strength of their coupling to low-energy particle-hole excitations . +0 Recently , a feature was detected in the thermal conductivity at a field 22 T ( called HK here ) and interpreted as the low-T limit of a mean-field Hc2 ( T ) curve [ 5 ] . The fluctuating signal is enhanced in a magnetic field H [ 2-4 ] . +1 We use the coupled cluster method to high orders of approximation in order to calculate the ground-state phase diagram of the XXZ spin- $ s $ kagome antiferromagnet with easy-plane anisotropy , i.e.the anisotropy parameter $ \Delta $ varies between $ \Delta=1 $ ( isotropic Heisenberg model ) and $ \Delta=0 $ ( $ XY $ model ) . We find that for the extreme quantum case $ s=1/2 $ the ground state is magnetically disordered in the entire region $ 0 \le \Delta \le 1 $ . +0 This contribution is encoded in a function $ a ( \theta ) $ of the corner opening angle , and was recently proposed as a measure of the degrees of freedom in the underlying CFT . We study the contribution to the entanglement entropy of ( 2+1 ) -dimensional conformal field theories coming from a sharp corner in the entangling surface . +1 We study the ultra slow-roll inflationary dynamics in the presence of non-canonical kinetic terms of the scalar field , namely ultra slow-roll G-inflation . We compute the evolution of the curvature perturbation and show that the primordial power spectrum follows a broken power law with an oscillation feature . +1 From the beginning of the theory , the question whether the concept of configuration equivalence coincides with the concept of group isomorphism was posed . We negatively answer this open question by introducing two non-isomorphic , solvable and hence amenable groups which are configuration equivalent . +0 In this paper , we show that { \delta } Cephei is a spectroscopic binary based on newly-obtained high-precision radial velocities . Their archetype , { \delta } Cephei , is an important calibrator for this relation . +1 In this paper we show how to overcome this shortcoming . To this end we identify an appropriate quantity , which we term $ D $ , that represents the correlation correction of the condensate order parameter , as it does the self-energy for the Green 's function . +0 Let $ H \leq \mathcal { MCG } ( S ) $ be a finite subgroup and consider the subset of $ \mathcal { T } ( S ) $ fixed by $ H $ , $ \mathrm { Fix } ( H ) \subset \mathcal { T } ( S ) $ . Let $ S $ be an oriented surface of finite type , $ \mathcal { MCG } ( S ) $ its mapping class group , and $ \mathcal { T } ( S ) $ its Teichm\ '' uller space with the Teichm\ '' uller metric . +0 These steady wind-like outflows are generally proton rich , characterized by only modest entropies , and consequently synthesize essentially nothing heavier than the Fe-group elements . The mass of 56Ni synthesized and the asymptotic velocities attained in our calculations are in accord with those inferred from observations of SN1998bw and SN2003dh . +0 We derive the homogenized equations in the limit of vanishing correlation length of the random potential . We consider the homogenization of parabolic equations with large spatially-dependent potentials modeled as Gaussian random fields . +0 One is at small force characterized by radially inhomogeneous redistribution of particles and suppression of local fluctuations of the boundary . We find that there are two typical stages in the variation of the morphology with the increase of active force . +0 It is also shown that $ D $ is a generalized derivation if and only if $ D ( \A ) \B+ \A D ( \B ) +D ( \B ) \A+ \B D ( \A ) -\A D ( \textbf { 1 } ) \B-\B D ( \textbf { 1 } ) \A=0 $ whenever $ \A\B=\B\A=0 $ . We prove that if $ D ( \A ) \B+ \A D ( \B ) +D ( \B ) \A+ \B D ( \A ) =0 $ whenever $ \A , \B\in \Mn $ are such that $ \A\B=\B\A=0 $ , then $ D ( \A ) =\delta ( \A ) +\A D ( \textbf { 1 } ) $ , where $ \delta : \Mn\rightarrow \mathcal { M } $ is a derivation and $ D ( \textbf { 1 } ) $ lies in the centre of $ \mathcal { M } $ . +1 The masses for the analogous states with a bottom quark are predicted to be M_ { B^*_ { s0 } } = ( 5696\pm 40 ) MeV and M_ { B_ { s1 } } = ( 5742\pm 40 ) MeV in reasonable agreement with previous analyses . In particular , we predict M_ { B_ { s1 } } -M_ { B_ { s0 } ^* } =46\pm 1 MeV . +0 In particular , we give an asymptotic formula for the volume of B ( n ) . Using a recent asymptotic enumeration of non-negative integer matrices ( Canfield and McKay , 2007 ) , we determine the asymptotic volume of T ( m , n ) as n goes to infinity , with m=m ( n ) such that m/n neither decreases nor increases too quickly . +0 However , with regard to this objective , conventional estimation methods for discrete-time dynamical models are frequently found to be wanting . Using a time series model to mimic an observed time series has a long history . +1 Due to that the existing traffic facilities can hardly be extended , developing traffic signal control methods is the most important way to improve the traffic efficiency of modern roundabouts . This paper proposes a novel traffic signal controller with two fuzzy layers for signalizing the roundabout . +1 Feynman 's answer was negative . In this paper , we will revisit the same question for the discrete time Fourier transform uncertainty principle . +0 The chiral symmetric phase saturates at around five times the nuclear matter density . Two equations of state are dynamically generated for the { \it same } set of model parameters used to describe the nucleon : one corresponds to a chiral restored phase with almost massless quarks and the other to a chiral broken phase . +1 Deuterium chemistry and spin states of H $ _2 $ and H $ _3^+ $ isotopologues are included in this primarily gas-phase chemical model . We investigate dependence of deuterium chemistry on model parameters : density ( $ n_ { \rm H } $ ) , temperature , cosmic ray ionization rate , and gas-phase depletion factor of heavy elements ( $ f_ { \rm D } $ ) . +1 An EMHD wave ( also known as whistler wave ) propagates along magnetic field lines . The direction of propagation can be either parallel or anti-parallel to the magnetic field lines . +0 Of these three Galactic analogs around blue supergiants , two ( Sher25 and SBW1 ) have chemical abundances indicating that they have not been through a red supergiant phase , and the remaining ringed bipolar nebula surrounds a luminous blue variable ( HD168625 ) . In addition to the previously known example of Sher25 , there are two newly-discovered Galactic analogs of SN1987A 's ringed nebula . +1 A bifurcation analysis of cellular contractility as a function of substrate stiffness reveals a bistable response , thus defining a lower threshold of stiffness , below which cells are not able to build up contractile forces , and an upper threshold of stiffness , above which cells are always in a strongly contracted state . Using the full dynamical model , we predict that rate-dependent hysteresis will occur in the cellular traction forces when cells are exposed to substrates of time-dependent stiffness . +0 The kinetics of filament growth is limited by the disassembly rate , at which inter-protein bonds break due to the thermal motion . Protein molecules often self-assemble by means of non-covalent physical bonds to form extended filaments , such as amyloids , F-actin , intermediate filaments , and many others . +0 This enhanced toroidal field is produced by rotational shear in stable Couette flow within liquid sodium at $ Rm \simeq 120 $ . The $ \Omega $ -phase of the liquid sodium $ \alpha $ - $ \Omega $ dynamo experiment at NMIMT in cooperation with LANL has successfully demonstrated the production of a high toroidal field , $ B_ { \phi } \simeq 8\times B_r $ from the radial component of an applied poloidal magnetic field , $ B_r $ . +1 We consider the non-forward solution of the BFKL equation at high energy and large momentum transfer and estimate the total and differential cross section for the process $ \gamma \gamma \to V_1 V_2 $ , where $ V_1 $ and $ V_2 $ can be any two vector mesons ( $ V_i = \rho , \omega , \phi , J/\Psi , \Upsilon $ ) . A comparison between our predictions and previous theoretical results obtained at Born level or assuming the Pomeron-exchange factorization relations is presented . +1 Single three dimensional polymers confined to a slab , i.e.to the region between two parallel plane walls , are studied by Monte Carlo simulations . They are described by $ N $ -step walks on a simple cubic lattice confined to the region $ 1 \le z \le D $ . +0 As in the classical case , our proofs use the theory of $ G $ -functions of Andr\'e , together with some new results concerning holonomic and $ q $ -holonomic sequences of Wilf-Zeilberger . In the present paper , we extend the results to the case of an evaluation of quantum spin networks of arbitrary valency at a fixed root of unity . +1 A partial algebra construction of Gr\ '' atzer and Schmidt from `` Characterizations of congruence lattices of abstract algebras '' ( Acta Sci.Math . ( Szeged ) 24 ( 1963 ) , 34-59 ) is adapted to provide an alternative proof to a well-known fact that every finite distributive lattice is representable , seen as a special case of the Finite Lattice Representation Problem . +0 We work in a Bianchi I spacetime characterized by a Kasner metric , this metric allow us to take into account the anisotropy that introduces the magnetic field . The dynamics of a self-gravitating neutron gas in presence of a magnetic field is being studied taking the equation of state of a magnetized neutron gas obtained in a previous study [ 2 ] . +1 We show that the theory always develops instabilities unless the linearized nonsymmetric lagrangian reduces to a particular simple form . This form contains a gauge invariant kinetic term , a mass term for the antisymmetric metric-field and a coupling with the Ricci curvature scalar . +0 We observe small corrections to scaling for the measured observables . Using an efficient cluster MC algorithm we are able to determine the universal finite-size scaling ( FSS ) functions and the critical exponents with high statistical accuracy . +0 In this work , we present a novel multilevel Monte Carlo method for kinetic simulation of stochastic reaction networks that is specifically designed for systems in which the set of reaction channels can be adaptively partitioned into two subsets characterized by either `` high '' or `` low '' activity . Stochastic modeling of reaction networks is a framework used to describe the time evolution of many natural and artificial systems , including , biochemical reactive systems at the molecular level , viral kinetics , the spread of epidemic diseases , and wireless communication networks , among many other examples . +0 The terms of the formulas are geometric characteristics of any generic smooth map g of any oriented 4k-dimensional manifold , where g restricted to the boundary is an immersion regularly homotopic to f in ( 6k-1 ) -space . We give three formulas expressing the Smale invariant of an immersion f of a ( 4k-1 ) -sphere into ( 4k+1 ) -space . +1 In particular we find that the G-phase is stable for low electron doping as seen in experiments . We find good agreement with the experimentally observed magnetic phase diagrams of electron-doped manganites ( $ x & gt ; 0.5 $ ) such as Nd $ _ { 1-x } $ Sr $ _ { x } $ MnO $ _ { 3 } $ , Pr $ _ { 1-x } $ Sr $ _ { x } $ MnO $ _ { 3 } $ , and Sm $ _ { 1-x } $ Ca $ _ { x } $ MnO $ _ { 3 } $ . +1 Soft SUSY breaking terms for these models are calculated in the u - moduli dominant SUSY breaking approach ( in type IIA ) . In this case , the dependence of the soft terms on the Yukawas and Wilson lines drops out . +0 The parametric estimator shows some evidence of a hemispherical asymmetry in the north/south Galactic plane . We use the shape of the luminosity function to test the statistical isotropy of the underlying galaxy distribution . +0 Using this sample of RR Lyrae stars , we find that the slope of the K-band Period Luminosity ( PLK ) relation ( -2.33 \pm 0.08 ) agrees quite well with similar estimates available in the literature . These data allowed us to derive accurate mean K-band magnitudes for 52 fundamental ( RR_ { ab } ) and 24 first overtone ( RR_ { c } ) RR Lyrae stars . +1 We also assert that these formulas are the `` best possible '' , in that they do not hold in general for other highest weight modules in a very precise sense . The proofs of the results in this note are included in an updated copy ( Version 3 ) of the paper arxiv:1301.1140 . +1 The weight distribution of the relevant cyclic code $ \mathcal { C } $ over $ \mathbb { F } _p $ with the length $ N $ and the dimension $ { \rm dim } _ { \mathbb { F } _p } \mathcal { C } =2n $ is also derived . Our result includes the case in \cite { Xia } as a special case . +1 Presented in this paper is a derivation of a 2D catalytic reaction-based model to solve combinatorial optimization problems ( COPs ) . The simulated catalytic reactions , a computational metaphor , occurs in an artificial chemical reactor that finds near-optimal solutions to COPs . +0 The adopted diagnostic tool is based on wavelet transforms . A 2D reconstruction of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of the coronal fluctuation power has been performed over the whole plane of the sky , from 1.4 to 4.0 solar radii . +1 We find considerably higher binding energy in bulk matter compared to several recent calculations which constrain the composition of matter . For small strangeness fractions , matter is dominated by a composition of nucleons , Lambdas , and Xis , and the calculated binding energy closely follows that calculated by using the hyperon potentials of our previous calculations . +0 Conventional wisdom has it that human long-term memory locates within brain tissue , and so might be expected to scale with brain size which , in turn , depends on cranial capacity . Large quantities of information usually require large material bases . +1 We present an 850-micron map and list of candidate sources in a 70 arcmin^2 sub-area of the Groth Strip observed using SCUBA . We initially detect 7 candidate sources with signal-to-noise ratios ( SNRs ) between 3.0 and 3.5 and 4 candidate sources with SNR & gt ; 3.5 . +0 The redshift was derived to be 8.01+0.02-0.02x10^-2 against an optical value of 8.45x10^-2 . The temperature and abundance were obtained to be 4-6 keV and 0.2-0.5 solar value with average values of 5.62+0.05-0.07 keV and 0.36+0.02-0.01 solar value within a radius of 5 ' , respectively . +0 First , it is based on a new measure which can effectively evaluate how well local neighborhood geometry is preserved under normalization , hence it can be applied to both isometric and normalized embeddings . Compared with current assessment methods which are limited to isometric embeddings , the NIEQA method has a much larger application range due to two features . +1 Here we develop a simplified , idealized model of impact conditions that can be adapted to fit the details of specific deflection-test scenarios , such as what is being proposed for the AIDA project . Ongoing studies based upon the methodology described here can be used to inform observational strategies and safety conditions for an observing spacecraft . +1 We compute the equilibrium density profiles in two cases : the semi-infinite tube ( in which case the density is constant ) and a long finite tube ( in which case the density is linear ) . In the latter case , we also show that convergence to equilibrium is well described by the heat equation . +0 The main scientific goal of the OACDF is the identification and characterization of early-type field galaxies at different look-back times in order to study different scenarios of galaxy formation . Hence , it is intermediate between deep pencil beam surveys and very wide but shallow surveys . +0 We re-solve the electromagnetic boundary problem by taking into account the non-zero induced surface current and charge densities that have been neglected so far by others . The widely-accepted theoretical treatment of the electromagnetic boundary problem of evanescent wave transfer at an interface between a normal medium of n=1 and an ideal negative index medium of n=-1 neglects the non-zero induced surface current and charge densities at the interface and is self-inconsistent . +0 This paper extends the geometrical foundation for Pandres ' theory by developing an appropriate covariant derivative which is covariant under all local Lorentz ( frame ) transformations , including complex Lorentz transformations , as well as conservative transformations . Pandres has developed a theory in which the geometrical structure of a real four-dimensional space-time is expressed by a real orthonormal tetrad , and the group of diffeomorphisms is replaced by a larger group called the conservation group . +0 The complex networks metrics were treated with multivariate pattern recognition techniques , which allowed us to distinguish between original texts and their simplified versions . Furthermore , in less complex texts the distance between concepts , represented as nodes , tended to decrease . +1 To ensure the quality of QCD sum rule analysis , contributions of up to dimension nine are calculated to test the convergence of operator product expansion ( OPE ) . We find that the two-quark condensate $ & lt ; \bar { q } q & gt ; $ is very large and makes the standard OPE convergence ( i.e.the perturbative at least larger than each condensate contribution ) happen at very large values of Borel parameters . +1 We report our search for variability in the H-alpha emission line of the recurrent novae T CrB with time resolution 10-15 minutes . This is comparable with the time scale of the photometric flickering observed in this object . +1 A method based on Mach-Zehnder interferometry is employed to achieve high measurement precision and consistency , yielding a maximal value of absorption coefficient of 0.2 dB/ { \mu } m when graphene is located directly on top of the waveguide . The results agree with theoretical model utilizing the universal ac conductivity in graphene . +0 At low temperatures ( T & lt ; 0.4 K ) cooling by adiabatic demagnetization was followed by an irreversible rise in temperature that persisted after the removal of the applied field . In the high temperature regime the temperature change on adiabatic demagnetization was found to be consistent with previously published entropy versus temperature curves . +1 However , even the highest resolution models do not quite achieve strict numerical convergence , due to the challenge of properly resolving small-scale burning and energy transport . The lack of strict numerical convergence from these idealized configurations suggest that quantitative predictions of the ejected elemental abundances that are generated by binary white dwarf collision and merger simulations should be viewed with caution . +0 In the formalism used in this study , while the interactions between matter and radiation are introduced in the comoving frame , the equations and the equations and the derivatives for the description of the global evolution of both matter and the radiation are given in the Kerr-Schild frame ( KSF ) which is a frame fixed to the coordinate describing the central black hole . Since the radiation interacts with matter moving with relativistic velocities near the event horizon , the interplay between the radiation and the matter should be described fully relativistically . +1 The robustness of complex networks with dependencies has been studied in recent years . However , previous studies focused on the robustness of networks composed of dependency links without network topology . +0 The temperature of its top plate can be modulated periodically by Peltier effect , so that the oscillation is symmetrical about the temperature of the main bath . We developed a new type of AC microcalorimeter based on a modulated-bath technique for measuring the specific heat of small microgram samples in the temperature range from 30-300 K , and tested it in magnetic fields up to 14 T. The device is built from a modified commercial Peltier element . +1 But these surface transports are buried in presence of metallic bulk conduction . We synthesized very high quality Bi $ _2 $ Te $ _2 $ Se single crystals by modified Bridgman method , that possess high bulk resistivity of $ & gt ; $ 20~ $ \Omega $ cm below 20~K , whereas the bulk is mostly inactive and surface transport dominates . +0 The statistics of the number of MCs in the LCDM model are in good agreement with observations of a large sample of SDSS galaxies . We calculate the probability that a Milky-Way-like halo in the standard cosmological model has the observed number of Magellanic Clouds ( MCs ) . +1 We prove that the algebraic condition $ |p-2| | & lt ; { \mathscr Im } { \mathscr A } \xi , \xi & gt ; | \leq 2 \sqrt { p-1 } & lt ; { \mathscr Re } { \mathscr A } \xi , \xi & gt ; $ ( for any $ \xi\in\mathbb { R } ^ { n } $ ) is necessary and sufficient for the $ L^ { p } $ -dissipativity of the Dirichlet problem for the differential operator $ \nabla^ { t } ( { \mathscr A } \nabla ) $ , where $ { \mathscr A } $ is a matrix whose entries are complex measures and whose imaginary part is symmetric . This result is new even for smooth coefficients , when it implies a criterion for the $ L^ { p } $ -contractivity of the corresponding semigroup . +0 Critical temperature $ T_ { \rm c } $ is precisely determined by finite-size scaling analysis . Ferromagnetic transition in three-dimensional double-exchange models is studied by the Monte Carlo method . +1 We show that G345 is , in fact , two subclusters separated on the sky by 400 kpc . We measure the subclusters ' gas temperatures ( ~ 2-3 keV ) , total ( ~ 1-2 x 10^14 solar masses ) and gas ( ~ 1-2 x 10^13 solar masses ) masses , gas mass fraction within r500 , entropy profiles , and X-ray luminosities ( ~ 10^43 erg/s ) . +0 The missing image should be faint and appear near the galaxy 's center . Theory predicts there should be an odd number of images but , paradoxically , almost all observed lenses have 2 or 4 images . +1 We report the complex dielectric function of high-quality $ A\textrm { Fe } _2\textrm { As } _2 $ , ( $ A $ =Ca , Sr , Ba ) single crystals with $ T_ { \mathrm { N } } \approx150\ \textrm { K } $ , $ 200\ \textrm { K } $ , and $ 138\ \textrm { K } $ , respectively , determined by broadband spectroscopic ellipsometry at temperatures $ 10\leq T\leq300\ \textrm { K } $ and wavenumbers from $ 100\ \textrm { cm } ^ { -1 } $ to $ 52000\ \textrm { cm } ^ { -1 } $ . In $ \textrm { CaFe } _2\textrm { As } _2 $ we identify the optical spin-density -- wave gap $ 2\Delta_ { \mathrm { SDW } } \approx1250\ \textrm { cm } ^ { -1 } $ . +0 Simulations are presented , and advantages and limitations of log-GW-based estimation of high quantiles are indicated . The domain of attraction is described , and convergence results are presented for quantile approximation and for a simple quantile estimator based on the log-GW tail . +1 From ( i ) -- ( ii ) , we get an induced dual representation of an associated dual group $ G^c $ . All three properties , selfsimilarity , order-covariance , and positivity , are satisfied in a natural context when $ G $ is semisimple and hermitean ; but when $ G $ is the $ ( ax+b ) $ -group , or the Heisenberg group , positivity is incompatible with the other two axioms for the infinite-dimensional irreducible representations . +1 The asymptotic behaviour of the solutions is investigated . The asymptotic form of the metric near the initial singularity has a spatially varying Kasner form . +0 In this paper we experimentally test how propagation losses , in a Gaussian channel , affect the bi-partite Gaussian entangled state generated by a sub-threshold type-II optical parametric oscillator ( OPO ) . Quantum properties are soon subject to decoherence once the quantum system interacts with the classical environment . +0 They were derived in collaboration with Abhay Ashtekar . The results on the existence of a suitable Hilbert product are partial . +0 The motion is favored at large Rh content , while it is hindered by the application of a magnetic field perpendicular to the FeAs layers . The correlation times of the fluctuations and their energy barriers are derived . +0 A large complete photonic gap ( PG ) is found when rods have sufficient density and dielectric contrast . We investigate numerically optical properties of novel two-dimensional photonic materials where parallel dielectric rods are randomly placed with the restriction that the distance between rods is larger than a certain value . +1 It has many applications in Operations research and Computer Science . In this paper , the author extends the most-used rounding approach to a one-parametric optimization model for the quadratic assignment problems . +1 We argue that the trace structure of the non-abelian Born-Infeld action can be fixed by demanding that the action be linearised by certain energy-minimising BPS-like configurations . It is shown how instantons in D4-branes , SU ( 2 ) monopoles and dyons in D3-branes , and vortices in D2-branes are all BPS states of the action recently proposed by Tseytlin . +0 We obtain a corresponding canonical partition function by means of the deformed density of states . The results show that the number of microstates decreases due to existence of an upper bound for the momentum of the test particles in the polymer framework . +1 We formalize NLPs in the context of mixtures and show how they lead to extra parsimony and well-separated components that have non-negligible weight , hence interpretable as distinct subpopulations . We derive tractable expressions and suggest default prior settings aimed at detecting multi-modal densities . +0 We show that $ $ |\kappa '' ' ( p ) | \leq |p-p_c|^ { -1/3+o ( 1 ) } \mbox { if } p \neq p_c. $ $ Furthermore , we show that there is a sequence $ \epsilon_n \downarrow 0 $ such that $ $ \kappa '' ' ( p_c+\epsilon_n ) \leq -\epsilon_n^ { -1/3+o ( 1 ) } \mbox { and } \kappa '' ' ( p_c-\epsilon_n ) \geq \epsilon_n^ { -1/3+o ( 1 ) } . Let $ \kappa ( p ) $ be the free energy at the zero field . +1 We study integrable models solvable by the nested algebraic Bethe ansatz and possessing the GL ( 3 ) -invariant R-matrix . We consider a composite model where the total monodromy matrix of the model is presented as a product of two partial monodromy matrices . +1 The United Nations regularly publishes projections of the populations of all the world 's countries broken down by age and sex . These projections are the de facto standard and are widely used by international organizations , governments and researchers . +1 The majority of the approaches to the automatic recovery of a panoramic image from a set of partial views are suboptimal in the sense that the input images are aligned , or registered , pair by pair , e.g. , consecutive frames of a video clip . These approaches lead to propagation errors that may be very severe , particularly when dealing with videos that show the same region at disjoint time intervals . +1 Stellar light contributes relatively more to the MIR emission of YSOs with lower temperature stars ( Tstar ~4000 K ) because the emission peak wavelength of the star is closer to that of the thermal radiation . Next we consider realistic Class 0 , I , and II source models and find that the other dominant effect of varying stellar temperature on YSO SEDs is that of the inner disk wall : In high-Tstar models , the dust destruction radius is much further out with a consequently larger inner disk wall that contributes relatively more to the 2-10 um flux . +0 We then employ the model in a heuristic calculation of the moments of the modulus of the zeta function on the critical line . This provides a statistical model of the zeta function that involves the primes in a natural way . +0 We study the asymptotic stability of such particle algorithms as time goes to infinity . An important example is the mixture Kalman filter , but other models and algorithms of practical interest fall in this category . +1 Then we describe how networks are modeled to investigate problems related to network protocols . Finally , we present some of the tools used to generate graph for representing practical networks . +1 We study the moduli space of 4d N=1 supersymmetric QCD in the Veneziano limit using Hilbert series . In this limit , the numbers of colours and flavours are taken to be large with their ratio fixed . +1 This very question has been addressed by B.DeWitt and others . In this article we introduce Gromov 's $ \varepsilon $ -approximation topology on the above moduli space for a closed smooth manifold . +1 Recent results indicate that the generic descriptors extracted from the convolutional neural networks are very powerful . This paper adds to the mounting evidence that this is indeed the case . +0 We first follow the standard assumption that dark energy does not cluster on the scales of interest . We study the spherical collapse model in dark energy cosmologies , in which dark energy is modelled as a minimally coupled scalar field . +0 Taking into account these two aspects we are able to identify the characteristic length scale selected during the quench and to relate it to the density of defects . Our study reveals the relevance of two factors : the effect of local variations of the striped patterns within defect-free domains and the presence of both point-like and extended defects . +1 We have studied how the stellar entropy , pressure , radius , mean density , and orbital angular momentum vary when the star is evolved adiabatically , for a representative set of stars . We have shown that the stellar orbits change with the stellar mean density . +0 More recently , some researchers have suggested broadening the definition to include arid , 'Dune ' planets on the inner edge and planets with captured H2 atmospheres on the outer edge , thereby greatly increasing the HZ width . Historically , modelers have restricted themselves to water-rich planets with CO2 and H2O as the only important greenhouse gases . +0 40 , 5950 ( 1989 ) ) . We have also shown that the ring closing time for a chain with hydrodynamic interaction in theta solvent scales with the chain length ( N ) as N^ ( 1.527 ) , in good agreement with previous renormalization group calculation based prediction by Freidman et al . ( Phys.Rev.A . +0 For example , last two years the attempts to develop the fractionalized two-fluid hydrodynamics for nanoporous media with fractal dimensions have been made . So one has to apply new physics to describe such systems with taking into account their complex nature . +0 Depending on the driving mechanism the tails can be either overpopulated or underpopulated as compared to the molecular gas . Polydispersity always gives rise to non-Gaussian velocity distributions . +0 In regime II ( moderate rotation ) the LSC is replaced by vertically aligned vortices . In regime I ( weak rotation ) the large scale circulation ( LSC ) is the dominant feature of the flow . +0 In order to solve this model we employ the optimized effective potential method and treat the correlation interactions in the random phase approximation . All parameters of such model are derived rigorously on the basis of first-principles electronic structure calculations . +0 The analysing power in the sin ( phi ) moment of the cross section is 0.019 +/- 0.007 ( stat . ) A single-spin asymmetry in the azimuthal distribution of neutral pions relative to the lepton scattering plane has been measured for the first time in deep-inelastic scattering of positrons off longitudinally polarized protons . +1 The Iron Calorimeter ( ICAL ) detector at the India-based Neutrino Observatory can distinguish between the charged current interactions of $ \nu_\mu $ and $ \bar { \nu } _\mu $ by determining the charge of the produced muon . Hence it is particularly well suited to determine the hierarchy . +1 Non-modal amplification of disturbances in streamwise-constant channel flows of Oldroyd-B fluids is studied from an input-output point of view by analyzing the responses of the velocity components to spatio-temporal body forces . These inputs into the governing equations are assumed to be harmonic in the spanwise direction and stochastic in the wall-normal direction and in time . +0 We calculate exactly the heat kernel , Green 's functions and the effective action for the operator $ \Delta_ { a } $ in diverse dimensions and for various spaces $ \Sigma $ . The main attention is payed to $ d=2 $ $ \delta $ -potential though $ d=1 $ and $ d=3 $ cases are considered in some detail . +0 The internal structure is then characterized by means of the minimum spanning tree method ( Q parameter ) , King profile fitting , and the correlation dimension ( Dc ) for those clusters with fractal patterns . Cluster stars have been selected from a membership probability analysis based on a non-parametric method that uses both positions and proper motions and does not make any a priori assumption on the underlying distributions . +1 The signatures on the power spectrum and bispectrum were previously computed using a slow-roll Fourier transform ( SRFT ) approximation , and here we compare it with generalized slow-roll ( GSR ) and in-in methods , for which we derive new formulas that account for moderately sharp features . The agreement between them is excellent , and also with the power spectrum obtained from the numerical solution to the equation of motion . +1 While existing PHY security literature answered the question `` what are the link-level secrecy rate gains from cooperation ? '' , this paper attempts to answer the question of `` how to achieve those gains in a practical decentralized wireless network and in the presence of a cost for information exchange ? '' . +1 Moreover , strictly local minimum points of $ \frac { q^2 } { b } $ on the boundary can also give vortex solutions for the shallow water equation . As a further study we construct vortex pair solutions as well . +1 We carried out spectroscopic observations of this star with FEROS at the 2.2 m MPG/ESO telescope at La Silla . Our spectroscopic analysis yields a spectral type of G1-1.5V and an age of about 100 Myrs . +1 We find that the electron-scattering optical depth and 21-cm differential brightness temperature are strongly anti-correlated , allowing optical depth estimates based entirely on redshifted 21-cm measurements . This should help isolate the CMB polarization fluctuations that are due to reionization , allowing both cleaning of the patchy reionization polarization signal as a contaminating source of confusion to other signals and a measurement of the primordial quadrupole that would be measured at various locations in the universe at the epoch of reionization . +0 In the present work , we evolve the vector potential in the Coulomb gauge and smooth the derived magnetic field for usage in the momentum equation . Unfortunately all previous attempts suffered from instabilities . +1 Using a path integral formulation , we derive a reduced effective action with long-range impurity spin-spin interactions at different imaginary times . In the semiclassical limit , it is equivalent to a one-dimensional Heisenberg spin chain with two-spin , three-spin , etc . +0 We present decoupling sequences for a 3-qubit DFS coupled to classical and quantum baths and evaluate the performance of the sequences through numerical simulations . Here we demonstrate that exchange interactions alone can achieve high-order decoupling against general noise in the 3-qubit DFS . +0 Furthermore , other experimental imperfections as for instance limited detector time-resolution and atomic motion are simulated . Spatial and temporal inhomogeneities in light and atom variables are incorporated by partitioning the system into small homogeneous segments . +1 Taking the effective interaction between a quark and an anti-quark from previous work , the dependendence on a regularization scale is removed in line with the renormalization group . In order to emphasize the essential point , the full spinor interaction is replaced by a model which includes only the Coulomb and the hyperfine interaction . +0 The key idea of the tree-based solution method is to associate such recursions with infinite labelled trees in a natural way so that the solution to the recursions solves a counting question relating to the corresponding trees . We apply a tree-based methodology to solve new , very broadly defined families of nested recursions of the general form R ( n ) =sum_ { i=1 } ^k R ( n-a_i-sum_ { j=1 } ^p R ( n-b_ { ij } ) ) , where a_i are integers , b_ { ij } are natural numbers , and k , p are natural numbers that we use to denote `` arity '' and `` order , '' respectively , and with some specified initial conditions . +1 It is found that Al and Ga atomic wire structures with metallic property are strongly unstable towards the formation of buckled metal dimers leading to semiconducting behavior . Indium atomic wire , however , displays only marginal preference towards the formation of symmetric dimers staying close to the metallic limit . +1 Large quantities of information usually require large material bases . Conventional wisdom has it that human long-term memory locates within brain tissue , and so might be expected to scale with brain size which , in turn , depends on cranial capacity . +0 We then examine the deuteron momentum distributions derived from a wide variety of modern nucleon-nucleon potentials that are consistent with $ NN $ -scattering data . Methods : We show that , for $ k & gt ; k_F $ MeV/c , nuclear momentum distributions are proportional to that of the deuteron . +0 Moreover , the work presented also includes the organization of various dynamical regimes in terms of bifurcation points of higher co-dimension in regions of parameter space that were previously unexplored in the Lugiato-Lefever equation . A detailed map of how and where to target stable Kerr frequency combs in the parameter space defined by the frequency detuning and the pump power is provided . +0 Phys. , 124 , 214708 ( 2006 ) ] . The proposed method is motivated by the intuitive and practical nature of the driven Liouville von-Neumann equation approach of S\'anchez et al. [ J . Chem . +0 It is found that a nonzero magnetic field introduces instability in a $ ^ { 23 } $ Na condensate . In particular , the effect of an external magnetic field is examined . +0 The cavities are formed by perfectly conducting sheets that describe rectangular profiles . The diffraction problem of a plane wave impinging on a grating formed by nested cavities is solved by means of the modal method , for $ s $ and $ p $ polarization modes . +1 Using the same data sample , we have also extracted the mean multiplicities in semileptonic and nonleptonic decays . We measure a mean of 7.82 +- 0.05 +0.21/-0.19 charged particles per $ B\bar { B } $ decay when both mesons decay semileptonically . +0 The hard-virtual coefficient is directly related to the process-dependent virtual amplitude through a universal ( process-independent ) factorization formula that we explicitly evaluate up to three-loop order . We show that the recent computation of the soft-virtual corrections to Higgs boson production at N $ ^3 $ LO [ 1 ] together with the universality structure of soft-gluon emission can be exploited to extract the general expression of the hard-virtual coefficient that contributes to threshold resummation at N $ ^3 $ LL accuracy . +1 We find that the light modulus is generically produced by the inflaton decay and therefore a prime candidate for the dark radiation . Interestingly , an almost scale-invariant power spectrum predicted in the modulated reheating mechanism gives a better fit to the observation in the presence of the extra radiation . +1 However , it is unclear whether additional sources of energy , such as the recombination energy of the envelope , play an important role . Here we report the discovery of the second and third longest orbital period post-common envelope binaries ( PCEBs ) containing white dwarf ( WD ) primaries , i.e.SDSSJ121130.94-024954.4 ( Porb = 7.818 +- 0.002 days ) and SDSSJ222108.45+002927.7 ( Porb = 9.588 +- 0.002 days ) , reconstruct their evolutionary history , and discuss the implications for the energy budget of CE evolution . +1 We make an extensive numerical study of a two dimensional nonconservative model proposed by Olami-Feder-Christensen to describe earthquake behavior . By analyzing the distribution of earthquake sizes using a multiscaling method , we find evidence that the model is critical , with no characteristic length scale other than the system size , in agreement with previous results . +0 To date , 3D separator reconnection sites have received little attention as particle accelerators . Recent work has shown that special field lines , called separators , are common sites of reconnection in 3D numerical experiments . +1 We apply a model in which the two-level system , characterized by a direction in space , is coupled to the strain field of the phonon via a tensor of coupling constants . The structure of the tensor of coupling constants is similar to the structure of the tensor of elastic stiffness constants , in the sense that they are determined by the same symmetry transformations . +0 Racks and cohomology of racks appeared also in the work of topologists . The most important class of braided vector spaces arising from groups is the class of braided vector spaces ( CX , c^q ) , where C is the field of complex numbers , X is a rack and q is a 2-cocycle on X with values in C^* . +0 The aim of this paper is to develop a differential -- geometrical framework of a perturbation model ( called the perturbation manifold ) and utilize associated metric tensor and affine curvatures to resolve these issues . However , no rigorous approach has been developed to address two fundamental issues : the selection of an appropriate perturbation and the development of influence measures for objective functions at a point with a nonzero first derivative . +0 Individual POPC GUVs were transferred with a micropipette into a suspension of oleic acid/oleate LUVs , and the shape changes of the GUVs were monitored using optical microscopy . The interaction of two types of vesicle systems was investigated : micrometer-sized , giant unilamellar vesicles ( GUVs ) formed from 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine ( POPC ) and submicrometer-sized , large unilamellar vesicles ( LUVs ) formed from oleic acid and oleate , both in a buffered aqueous solution ( pH=8.8 ) . +1 The model can provide the marginally better fit to available Higgs signals data than SM , which requires the Higgs couplings with gauge bosons , $ u\bar { u } $ and $ d\bar { d } $ to be properly suppressed , and favors ( 1 & lt ; \theta_d & lt ; 2 , 0.5 & lt ; \theta_l & lt ; 2.2 ) for $ m_h= $ 125.5 GeV and ( 0.5 & lt ; \theta_d & lt ; 2 , 0.5 & lt ; \theta_l & lt ; 2.2 ) for $ m_H= $ 125.5 GeV . However , these Higgs couplings are allowed to have sizable deviations from SM for ( $ m_h= $ 125.5 GeV , 125.5 $ \leq m_H\leq $ 128 GeV ) and ( 125 GeV $ \leq m_h\leq $ 125.5 GeV , $ m_H= $ 125.5 GeV ) . +1 This conjecture is now a theorem , but currently there is no purely local proof . Working in the equal characteristic case , we find a family of affinoids in the Lubin-Tate tower with good reduction equal to a rather curious nonsingular hypersurface , whose equation we present explicitly . +0 A crucial ingredient in our method , which readily generalizes to other integrable models , are recently discovered quasi-local charges . Here we solve this long-standing problem for the case of the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain by explicitly constructing a GGE which uniquely fixes the macrostate describing the stationary behaviour after a general quantum quench . +1 The existence of such particles is strongly motivated by theory , as they can simultaneously explain the baryon asymmetry of the Universe , account for the pattern of neutrino masses and oscillations and provide a Dark Matter candidate . Cosmological constraints on the properties of HNLs now indicate that the majority of the interesting parameter space for such particles was beyond the reach of the previous searches at the PS191 , BEBC , CHARM , CCFR and NuTeV experiments . +0 Within the Robertson-Mansouri-Sexl test theory , our measurement restricts the isotropy violation parameter $ \beta -\delta -\frac 12 $ to $ ( -2.1\pm 1.9 ) \times 10^ { -10 } $ , corresponding to an eightfold improvement with respect to previous non-rotating measurements . For the previously least well known parameter we find $ \tilde \kappa_ { e- } ^ { ZZ } = ( -1.9 \pm 5.2 ) \times 10^ { -15 } $ . +0 The results turn out to be sensitive to the asymmetry of the dot 's coupling to the two leads . The noise spectra associated with correlations of the current through a single level quantum dot , and with the charge fluctuations on the dot , are calculated for a finite bias voltage . +0 Particle interaction is resolved locally , satisfying exact conservation of area . Particles representing the solution are moved according to their characteristic velocities . +0 Different approaches have been used to solve the model : self-consistent Born approximation valid for weak electron-phonon coupling , coherent potential approximation exact for infinite dimensions , and numerical diagonalization for finite lattices . The parameter regime is appropriate for organic semiconductors used in single crystal based field effect transistors . +0 On the other hand , the velocity field shows a more complex structure which is a genuine expression of a non-equilibrium steady state and which can be compared to a recent fluctuating hydrodynamic theory with non-equilibrium noise . On one hand , the density structure factor is equal to that of elastic hard spheres , except in the limit of large length-scales , as it occurs in the presence of an effective interaction . +0 It is shown that the $ k $ -sum of a network and a binet matrix is a binet matrix , but binet matrices are not closed under this operation for $ k=2,3 $ . Given that $ B_ { 1 } , B_ { 2 } $ are binet matrices we examine the $ k $ -sums of network and binet matrices . +1 They affect social interactions , but do not appear in the surveillance logs which record the participants of the social interactions . Discovering the covert nodes is defined as identifying the suspicious logs where the covert nodes would appear if the covert nodes became overt . +0 Emergent underlying similarities between apparently disparate methods brought about by the approximation schemes are exposed . The comparisons are restricted to basic assumptions and approximations made in each case and the calculation methodology used . +1 However , we find hardly any ( & lt ; 5 per cent ) down-bending disc breaks ( truncations , Type II ) in our S0s and many cases ( ~20 per cent ) where no exponential component was observed . We also find no evidence for an environmental dependence on the disc scalelength or break strength ( outer-to-inner scalelength ratio ) , implying that the galaxy environment does not affect the stellar distribution in S0 stellar discs . +1 The HI detected , yet deficient galaxies show a strong correlation in their HI properties with projected distance from the cluster center . The most strongly HI deficient ( HI Def & gt ; 0.4 ) galaxies are located inside a radius of 30 arcmin ( aprox 0.6 Mpc ) from the center of Coma , roughly the extent of the central X-ray emission . +0 Les mesures des trois grandes pyramides d'\'Egypte \`a Gizeh r\'ev\`elent que les \'egyptiens de la IVe dynastie savaient calculer la circonf\'erence , le volume et l'aire de la sph\`ere 2000 ans avant les Grecs . According to these findings , we assert that Egyptians wanted to engrave basic concepts in measures and positions of Great Pyramids. -- Les grandes pyramides d'\'Egypte dissimulent des informations math\'ematiques ignor\'ees jusqu'\`a aujourd'hui . +0 We emphasize the role of $ Z_N $ symmetry in determining the observable properties of the model and also argue that it can be broken explicitly without ruining the solvability of induced QCD in the infinite $ N $ limit . We review some of the basic features of the Kazakov-Migdal model of induced QCD . +1 For 1 and 2 dimensions , it is found that the decay of R ( t ) depends on one of two classes of initial configuration . For a subcritical initial state , R ( t ) \sim t^ { -\theta } , where the persistence exponent \theta can be expressed in terms of a known universal exponent . +1 We find that the kinematics in these outer regions are all different despite the fact that these four galaxies have similar photometric properties , and are uniformly classified as `` fast rotators '' from their stellar kinematics within $ 1R_e $ . The globular cluster systems exhibit a wide range of kinematic morphology . +0 The Higgs squared operator is the only dimension two operator which is Lorentz and gauge invariant . The Higgs sector of the Standard Model offers a unique opportunity to probe the hidden sector . +0 Recent simulations strongly support this last scenario . We consider the emission of gravitational waves in the two proposed models for the collapse of a massive star to a black hole : the prompt collapse , in which nearly all the star collapses to a black hole in a dynamical time scale , and the delayed collapse , in which a light black hole , or a neutron star , which subsequently accretes matter , forms due to the fall-back achieving , in the neutron star case , the critical mass for black hole formation . +0 The convex spectra of the double-sided jets and the nucleus imply that synchrotron emission is obscured through free -- free absorption ( FFA ) by the foreground cold dense plasma . We report on very-long-baseline interferometry ( VLBI ) observations at 2.3 , 8.4 , and 15.4 GHz towards the active galaxy NGC 1052 . +0 In those examples we find advantages of the strongly hyperbolic formulations over the ADM system presented in [ arXiv:0807.0734 ] . These schemes are tested in a perturbed Minkowski and the Schwarzschild space-time . +1 However , we present evidence that suggests dwarf galaxies may be subject to strong dynamical processes in high density environments , the combined effects of multiple encounters and the tidal effects due to the potential well of rich clusters could result in the effective disruption of dwarf galaxies in the clusters ' central regions . Alternatively , the lack of dwarf galaxies in rich environments has been interpreted in terms of a `` density-morphology relation '' : dwarf galaxies prefer low density environments ( Phillipps et al.1998 ) . +0 These phases occur at filling fractions which involve either Dirac points or quadratic band crossing points in the non-interacting limit . Using Hartree-Fock mean-field theory , we show that interaction-driven insulating phases with non-trivial topological invariants ( Chern number or $ Z_2 $ invariant ) exist for an experimentally reasonable range of parameters . +1 The first one consists in a detailed historical review of quarkonium physics , centered on the different production models successively introduced . Then comes a review of the currently available data on high-energy hadronic production of J/psi , psi ' and Upsilon 's . +0 We perform an explicit calculation of the D5 fluctuations in the D3 geometry and determine the spectrum of defect operators . We analyze the theory holographically , and propose a dictionary between the Kondo problem and antisymmetric Wilson loops in N=4 SYM . +1 While the former is classically related to the reference configuration , magnetization is defined in the deformed configuration instead . We discuss the existence of energy minimizers without relying on higher-order deformation gradient terms . +0 Using general relativity ( GR ) , we show that a mass of dark matter about 127 - 212 $ \times 10^ { 11 } M_ { \odot } $ is required inside the sphere of size $ a \sim 10 $ kpc for agreement with the observed typical orbital velocity ranging from 150 to 250 km sec $ ^ { -1 } $ . Spiral galaxies are considered as static , spherically symmetric Dark Matter Configurations ( DMC ) in which non-zero rest-mass particles ( NZRPs ) move along appropriate trajectories . +0 A basic set of neutrino reactions for three neutrino species is implemented together with a realistic equation of state of dense matter . The Boltzmann equations are formulated in the inertial frame with collision terms being evaluated to the zeroth order of v/c . +0 In this paper we analyze the minimal intensional semantic enrichment of the syntax of the FOL language , by unification of different views : Tarskian extensional semantics of the FOL , modal interpretation of quantifiers , and a derivation of the Tarskian theory of truth from unified semantic theory based on a single meaning relation . From the Montague 's point of view , the meaning of an idea can be considered as particular extensions in different possible worlds . +1 The resulting atomic beam has a 1 mm diameter , its divergence is reduced from 40 down to 3 mrad and the atomic density is increased by a factor of 200 . The collimation effect has been studied versus the order of the Laguerre-Gaussian mode ( up to 10 ) and the laser atom frequency detuning ( 2 to 120 GHz ) . +1 During episodes of especially low luminosity ( ASM count rates & lt ; 0.6 counts/sec ) , kT strongly decreases and the power law significantly hardens to a photon index of ~1.8 . These changes are consistent with state changes of LMC X-3 from the soft state to the canonical hard state of galactic black hole candidates . +0 The free energy profiles for different RCs exhibit significant variation , some having an activation barrier , others not . We analyze extensive simulation data of an alpha-helix in explicit water solvent as it stochastically folds and unfolds . +1 A second order phase transition occurs between these two phases , with associated spontaneous symmetry-breaking in the dipole phase . This model allows us to go beyond the general theory of marginal ensemble equivalence through the notion of Goldstone modes . +0 The size of the rectangular domain I_n is allowed to tend to infinity at different rates depending on the direction in Z^N . The spatial process is assumed to satisfy some very general mixing conditions , generalizing classical time-series strong mixing concepts . +0 The extended HI disk shows regular rotation ( v_rot = 51 +/- 8 km/s ) , and at a column density of ~5.0 x 10^19 atoms/cm^2 can be traced out to over six times the Holmberg radius of the stellar component ( radius at mu_B = 26.6 mag/arcsec^2 ) . We place an upper limit on the current star formation rate of ~2.5 x 10^-3 M_sun/yr . +0 We focus on a generalization of the HBB protocol to $ n $ communication parties thus including $ n $ -partite GHZ states . Rev A \textbf { 59 } , 1829 ( 1999 ) ] . +0 Many of these do not support a condensate , but some mixed-flavor channels do . We discuss various channels in the context of the standard model . +0 The nonlinear and oscillating behaviors arise from the weakened and enhanced interband coupling . The RSS exhibits nonlinear behavior for narrow InAs/GaSb QWs and the oscillating feature for wide InAs/GaSb QWs . +1 EBEX was launched December 29 , 2012 and circumnavigated Antarctica observing $ \sim $ 6,000 square degrees of sky during 11 days at three frequency bands centered around 150 , 250 and 410 GHz . EBEX was the first experiment to operate a kilo-pixel array of transition-edge sensor bolometers and a continuously rotating achromatic half-wave plate aboard a balloon platform . +0 For this purpose , we apply realistic kinematical cuts and binning , and study the dependence of our results with respect to several parameters . We present detailed predictions for various observables that can be measured at LHC in ongoing experiments like ATLAS or CMS at sqrt { s } =7 TeV : the cross-section , the azimuthal correlations and the angular distribution of these jets . +1 The strong coupling of rho meson to the nucleon produces $ s $ and $ p $ wave rho meson nucleon $ ( \rho N ) $ resonances . In a nucleus , the $ \rho N $ resonance-hole polarization generates the optical potential or self-energy for the rho meson . +1 Among these problems are Satisfiability , Vertex Cover , Hamilton Path , Mod6-SAT , Majority-of-Majority-SAT , and Tautologies , to name a few . The proofs of these lower bounds follow a certain proof-by-contradiction strategy that we call alternation-trading . +1 & lt ; = l & lt ; = 360 deg.and 0 deg . & lt ; l & lt ; = 30 deg. , for |b| & lt ; = 15 deg . +0 The obtained estimates are compared with those from fixed-order ( FOPT ) and contour-improved perturbation theory ( CIPT ) , working out the differences . The first observable can be used to determine the decay width $ \Gamma_ { H\to b\bar { b } } $ of a scalar Higgs boson to a bottom-antibottom pair , while the second one is relevant for the $ e^+e^- $ annihilation cross section . +0 In this article we focus on higher-dimensional theories as new physics . Also the long-standing problems concerning the property of Higgs and its interactions are still there , and we still do not have any conclusive argument of the origin of the Higgs itself . +1 The results , especially for the constraints on the components of the universe , clearly show that constraints from standard candles at different redshifts have different degeneracy orientations , thus standard candles with a wide redshift distribution can self break the degeneracy and improve the constraints significantly . As a result of this , even with the current level of tightness of known luminosity relations , gamma-ray bursts ( GRBs ) can give comparable tightness of constraint with type Ia supernovae ( SNe Ia ) on the components of the universe as long as the redshifts of the GRBs are diversifying enough . +1 Here , the Bayesian control rule is applied to derive BCR-MDP , a controller to solve undiscounted Markov decision processes with finite state and action spaces and unknown dynamics . In particular , we derive a non-parametric conjugate prior distribution over the policy space that encapsulates the agent 's whole relevant history and we present a Gibbs sampler to draw random policies from this distribution . +0 Retrospective Interference Alignment has shown the benefits in terms of DoF of exploiting delayed CSIT for interference , broadcast and also for the IBC . The degrees of freedom ( DoF ) of the multiple-input multiple-output ( MIMO ) Interference Broadcast Channel ( IBC ) with 2 cells and 2 users per cell are investigated when only delayed channel state information is available at the transmitter side ( delayed CSIT ) . +1 Recently the performance of the L1-analysis method has been a focus , while some fundamental problems for the L1-synthesis method are still unsolved . For example , what are the conditions for it to stably recover compressible signals under noise ? +1 We find that embedded bars in resonant coupling are unlikely to increase the inflow , but for certain gas parameters in a single bar , inflow to the center develops in a spiral shock , similar to the patterns observed in nuclear discs of real galaxies . The spiral pattern persists for very weak non-axisymmetries of the potential . +0 In this paper , we develop the theory for the branching in quiver varieties and check this conjecture for $ G=\SL ( l ) $ . They further introduce a convolution diagram which conjecturally gives the tensor product multiplicity [ Braverman A. , Finkelberg M. , Private communication , 2008 ] . +1 Out of 149 Seyferts in the MIR atlas of local AGN ( Asmus et al . ) , 21 show extended MIR emission on single dish images . +0 Possible interpretation of obtained results and their connection with inflationary cosmology is discussed . These solutions give a rather non-trivial examples of real tunnelling geometries . +1 A Lagrangian description is moreover the natural setting to study decoupling of high-energy physics . RG flow affects the boundary interactions . +1 Strong parton energy loss has been observed in central nucleus-nucleus collisions as evidenced by the a large suppression of the yield of high pT hadrons as compared to the expected yield based on measurements in p+p collisions . Moreover , measurements of back-to-back correlations of charged hadrons suggest that jet shapes are strongly modified modified by the medium . +1 This paper presents a Bayesian model for unsupervised learning of verb selectional preferences . For each verb the model creates a Bayesian network whose architecture is determined by the lexical hierarchy of Wordnet and whose parameters are estimated from a list of verb-object pairs found from a corpus . +1 This acyclicity rests on a comparison between the homology of certain homology-manifolds-with-boundary and the homology of the simplicial complexes obtained by deleting collections of boundary faces from them . Our resolution implies the multiplier ideal sum formula J ( ( a_1+ ... +a_r ) ^c ) = \sum_ { |v|=c } J ( a_1^ { v_1 } ... a_r^ { v_r } ) , which implicitly follows from Takagi 's proof of the two-summand formula ( math.AG/0410612 ) . +1 This abstract system is then included in another abstract system which captures the evolution semantics of Petri-nets . The evolution semantics results in some B events depending on the chosen policies : basic nets or high level Petri nets . +1 The practical issue , with the NARMAX representation as with any other , is to identify an efficient structure , i.e. , one with a small number of terms and coefficients . This is accomplished here by estimating coefficients for an approximate inertial form . +1 We introduce a solvable quantum antiferromagnetic model . The model , with Ising spins in a transverse field , has infinite range antiferromagnetic interactions with random fields on each site , following an arbitrary distribution . +1 Deep subwavelength integration of high-definition plasmonic nanostructures is of key importance for the development of future optical nanocircuitry for high-speed communication , quantum computation and lab-on-a-chip applications . So far the experimental realization of proposed extended plasmonic networks consisting of multiple functional elements remains challenging , mainly due to the multi-crystallinity of commonly used thermally evaporated gold layers . +0 Numerical dispersion may increase the numerical error during the propagation process as the wave velocity ( phase and group ) depends on the features of the numerical model . To perform accurate numerical investigations by the finite differences or finite element method , one must consider a specific problem known as the numerical dispersion of waves . +1 This is a novel application in the field of astronomy , because we are using such resources for data mining , and not just performing simulations . Via a modified implementation of the NCSA cyberenvironment Data-to-Knowledge , we are able to provide improved classifications for over 100 million stars and galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey , improved distance measures , and a full exploitation of the simple but powerful k-nearest neighbor algorithm . +1 In order to describe this evolution we use a method developed in Stepinski and Valageas which , using a series of simplifying assumptions , is able to simultaneously follow the evolution of gas and solid particles for up to $ 10^7 { \rm yr } $ . Then , the distribution of planetesimals obtained after $ 10^7 { \rm yr } $ is used to study the migration rate of a giant planet through the migration model introduced in \cite { DP1 } . +1 One the one hand , populations may become pinned at a local fitness optimum , being separated from higher-fitness genotypes by a { \em fitness barrier } of low-fitness genotypes . On the other hand , the population may only be metastable on the level of phenotype or fitness while , at the same time , diffusing over { \em neutral networks } of selectively neutral genotypes . +1 The growth morphology and the effects of surface reconstruction/relaxation of the habit faces on the crystal morphology of urea crystal are investigated from first principle using the Hartman-Perdok approach . A procedure has been developed to find out surface termination when a slab of d ( hkl ) thickness is created having { hkl } orientation . +1 Temperature features can provide evidence of merging events which shock heat the intracluster gas . Temperature maps were made from both \textit { Chandra } and \textit { XMM-Newton } obervations . +1 A propability amplitude for the propagation of these solutions is calculated which can be applied in a One-Boson-Exchange Potential ( OBEP ) . Using proper normalization as an alternative to the usual renormalization scheme one obtains amplitudes with the same momentum dependence as the conventional Feynman-propagators multiplied with the form factors of the Bonn-B OBEP . +0 To the left of this line , the structure factor $ S ( q ) $ peaks at $ q_ { max } = \pi $ ( Neel `phase ' ) , while to the right , $ q_ { max } $ decreases from $ \pi $ to $ \pi/2 $ ( spiral `phase ' ) as $ J_2 $ increases . $ 2J_2 + \delta = 1 $ is a disorder line . +1 Apparently , an automorphism of $ G $ can be regarded as a permutation on $ [ n ] =\ { 1 , \ldots , n\ } $ , provided that $ G $ has $ n $ vertices . For each permutation $ \sigma $ on $ [ n ] $ , there is a natural action on any given vector $ \boldsymbol { u } = ( u_1 , \ldots , u_n ) ^t\in \mathbb { C } ^n $ such that $ \sigma\boldsymbol { u } = ( u_ { \sigma^ { -1 } 1 } , u_ { \sigma^ { -1 } 2 } , \ldots , u_ { \sigma^ { -1 } n } ) ^t $ , so $ \sigma $ can be viewed as a linear operator on $ \mathbb { C } ^n $ . +1 The impact of the 't Hooft mixing term on the restoration of the chiral symmetry on the light and strange sectors is studied and the critical temperature dependence on the magnetic field strength of the chiral strange transition is analyzed . It is shown that the s quark is much less sensitive to the magnetic field than the light quarks . +0 We exploited emission-line diagnostic diagrams to separate AGN from star-forming galaxies . We divided the sample in several mass-redshift bins to obtain stacked galaxy spectra with an improved S/N . +0 In turn this martingale may then be utilized for computing an upper bound of the Bermudan product . Guided by these results we develop a framework of backward algorithms for constructing such a martingale . +0 By taking different known stochastic processes as generic examples , we present explicit formulas for their codifferences . We here discuss codifference as a convenient measure to study statistical interdependence , and we aim to give a short introductory review of its properties . +0 We show some general topological properties that the desired max-min solutions shall satisfy . Such metric quantifies the amount of common randomness extractable through public discussion between two legitimate nodes under an eavesdropper attack . +0 Grain differential sizes as well as the effect of radiation pressure are taken into account . We use a deterministic collisional code , following the dynamical evolution of a population of indestructible test grains suffering mutual inelastic impacts . +1 Across a broad range of material types , the DDEC6 NACs reproduced electron transfer trends , core electron binding energy shift trends , and electrostatic potentials across multiple system conformations with excellent accuracy compared to other charge assignment methods . Due to non-nuclear attractors , Bader 's quantum chemical topology could not assign NACs for some of these materials . +1 We report some recent progress in the computation of the n-point correlation functions of conserved currents in a class of four dimensional conformal field theories with higher spin symmetry . Global conformal invariance leads to very strong constraints on both the general form and the singularity structure of the correlation functions of conserved currents . +1 To familiarize ourselves with the implications of the new paradigm equations are developed for a world of time and only one spatial dimension . These non-linear equations lead to the existence of quantized particles , of light , and of gravity . +0 The code , available under an open source license , is written for parallel execution on a Graphics Processing Unit ( GPU ) , thus improving performance by a factor of over 60 when compared to the standard serial execution finite volume code CLAWPACK 4.6.1 , which has been used as reference for the implementation logic as well . In order to validate the code , two different tests have been performed : one against a special Taylor shock-like analytic solution , the other against published results on a High Intensity Focused Ultrasound ( HIFU ) system , both with satisfactory results . +0 In this paper , we analyze the substantial archival X-ray observations of Abell 3667 from ChandraX-ray Observatory and compare these with existing radio observations as well as state-of-the-art AMR ( Adaptive Mesh Refinement ) MHD cosmological simulations using Enzo . These suggest multiple merger events in this cluster . +1 In particular , if A is completely rational with n sectors , then C*_ln ( A ) is a direct sum of n type I_\infty factors . Its ideal K_A of compact operators has nontrivial K-theory , and we prove that the DHR endomorphisms of C* ( A ) with finite statistical dimension act on K_A , giving rise to an action of the fusion semiring of DHR sectors on K_0 ( K_A ) $ . +1 We report on very-long-baseline interferometry ( VLBI ) observations at 2.3 , 8.4 , and 15.4 GHz towards the active galaxy NGC 1052 . The convex spectra of the double-sided jets and the nucleus imply that synchrotron emission is obscured through free -- free absorption ( FFA ) by the foreground cold dense plasma . +0 Based on molecular dynamics simulations and analytic calculations we show that the total concentration of the particles , the relative concentration and the relative dipole moment of the components determine the structure of the colloid . In our model solely the dipole-dipole interaction of the particles is considered , electrohidrodynamic effects are excluded . +0 In particular , our results demonstrate analytically that the series of vacua recently discovered by Ahlqvist et al. , seemingly accumulating to the large complex structure point , are finite . Furthermore , we establish the absence of infinite sequences in a D-limit corresponding to the large complex structure limit of a two-parameter Calabi-Yau . +1 Similar , but much simpler , constructions hold for other noncompact Lie groups such as the unitary group U ( p , q ) and the symplectic group Sp ( p , q ) . This extension provides a starting point for an abundance of constructions in ( higher ) geometry and applications in physics . +0 Both phases are distinguishable by the quark density of states at zero virtuality , with a critical quark mass of the order of 100-200 MeV . The quenched spectrum shows a Mott-transition from a ( delocalized ) Goldstone phase softly broken by the current mass , to a ( localized ) heavy quark phase , with quarks localized over their Compton wavelength . +1 It contains a single chiral supermultiplet T and a single U ( 1 ) vector multiplet U , gauging an axionic shift symmetry . Both supersymmetry and the gauge symmetry are spontaneously broken , with the spin-3/2 , spin-1 and spin-1/2 masses sliding along a classical flat direction , with a single real massless scalar in the spectrum . +1 In favorable cases , specific plasmon modes can even attain enhancement factor of several orders of magnitude . Since , electron vortex beams interact with particles mostly through interference effects due to azimuthal symmetries , i.e.in the plane perpendicular to the electron beam , anisotropy information ( longitudinal and transversal ) of the sample can be derived in EELS studies by comparing non-vortex and vortex beam measurements . +0 Namely , I studied the cut-off shape of the Crab pulsar spectrum to distinguish between the leading scenarios for the pulsar models . My thesis deals with a fundamental question of high energy gamma-ray astronomy . +0 Knowing the operator $ \T $ one can renormalize spin-foam 's edge self-energy by computing the amplitude of sum of a series of edges with increasing number of vertices and bubbles . The leading order of $ \T $ is proportional to the identity operator . +0 Moreover , the present methodology represents a robust strategy to understand the proper nature of the images treated , and their discriminant features . Results show that is adequate to perform feature reduction and simultaneous improve the recognition rate . +1 We investigated two-dimensional brittle fragmentation with a flat impact experimentally , focusing on the low impact energy region near the fragmentation-critical point . We found that the universality class of fragmentation transition disagreed with that of percolation . +1 We consider a one-dimensional lattice model with the nearest-neighbor interaction $ V_1 $ and the next-nearest neighbor interaction $ V_2 $ with filling factor 1/2 at zero temperature . The particles are assumed to be spinless fermions or hard-core bosons . +1 For tractable classes such as Gaussian graphical models , this leads to a convex optimization problem that can be efficiently solved . We show that our method results in an improvement in the accuracy of reconstructed networks for synthetic data . +0 for the development of whole mathematics . Here foundations are considered as a theory that provides means ( concepts , structures , methods etc . ) +1 They play an important role in the study of continuous dependence of the n-th eigenvalue function on the problems . Continuous dependence of the n-th eigenvalue function on the equations and on the boundary conditions is studied separately . +0 For a particle with anomalous magnetic moment , singularity in the relativistic equations generally occurs at the speed different from the speed of light . It provides the right number of physical degrees of freedom and yields generalization of the Frenkel and BMT equations to the case of an arbitrary electromagnetic field . +0 The phases and phase transitions are worked out for finite and infinite short-distance cutoffs . At infinite N the theory is solved exactly . +0 In this scenario , small cells with limited-capacity backhaul are able to cache content under a given set of randomized caching policies and storage constraints . We consider a hierarchical network that consists of mobile users , a two-tiered cellular network ( namely small cells and macro cells ) and central routers , each of which follows a Poisson point process ( PPP ) . +0 We show that for all states generated by Clifford operation there always exist such an encoding , this includes all stabilizer states such as cluster states and all graph states . In this article we investigate the possibility of encoding classical information onto multipartite quantum states in the distant laboratory framework . +0 The coupling of the NV spin to the cavity mode is based upon Raman transitions via the NV excited states and can be controlled with the laser intensities and relative phase . In combination with previously demonstrated single-qubit gates , CPHASE allows for arbitrary quantum computations . +0 The starting point is our recent study in vacuum , where the sum rules have been quantitatively satisfied using phenomenological axial-/vector spectral functions which describe hadronic tau-decay data . Utilizing in-medium vector spectral functions which describe dilepton data in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions , we conduct a comprehensive evaluation of QCD and Weinberg sum rules at finite temperature . +0 Our model allows us to study the influence of surfaces and finite size effects on the statistics of avalanches . We introduce an eigenstrain-based finite element lattice model for simulations of shear band formation and strain avalanches . +1 Three of these observers were Richard C. Carrington , Christian H. F. Peters , and Warren de la Rue ( and their respective collaborators ) . They published , in various articles the data corresponding to 26 641 sunspot positions ( Carrington , Peters , and de la Rue registered 4 900 , 14 040 , and 7 701 sunspot positions , respectively ) . +1 The differential cross section with radiative corrections due to emission of virtual and soft real photons calculated to a power accuracy is presented . Emission of two hard photons and total expressions for radiative correction are given in leading logarithmical approximation . +1 We believe it to be a quite general , albeit subtle phenomenon . Indeed , the practical problem in uncovering an underlying discrete scale invariance is that standard ensemble averaging procedures destroy it as if it was pure noise . +0 Finally , I discuss how classical spacetime can be recovered as an approximate notion . Two important issues in quantum cosmology -- the problem of time and the role of boundary conditions -- are discussed at some length . +1 In this paper we consider multi-loop integrals appearing in MHV scattering amplitudes of planar N=4 SYM . Through particular differential operators which reduce the loop order by one , we present explicit equations for the two-loop eight-point finite diagrams which relate them to massive hexagons . +0 Geometrical properties of principal Killing surfaces are investigated and it is shown that the internal geometry of $ \Sigma $ coincides with the geometry of a 2-D black or white hole ( { \it string hole } ) . A uniqueness theorem is proved , namely it is shown that the minimal 2-D surface $ \Sigma $ describing a captured stationary string coincides with a { \it principal Killing surface } , i.e.a surface formed by Killing trajectories passing through a principal null ray of the Kerr-Newman geometry . +1 We have theoretically demonstrated the on demand electric generation of vortices in an exciton-polariton superfluid . Electric pulses applied to a horseshoe-shaped metallic mesa , deposited on top of the microcavity , generate a non-cylindrically symmetric solitonic wave in the system . +0 When different types may influence a large number of other sites , the network becomes one large interconnected cluster . When a specific genotype is only able to influence a few other genotypes , the ecology consists of separate non-interacting clusters in genotype space . +1 In this paper we focus on cylindrical Levy processes . These have ( weak ) Levy-Ito decompositions and an associated Levy-Khintchine formula . +1 It has been designed according to semantic web and W3C recommendations employing SKOS standard models and Linked Data to publish the thesauri as a whole in machine-understandable format . The outcome is a powerful framework satisfying the requirements of modularity and openness for further thesaurus extension and updating , interlinking among thesauri , and exploitability from other systems . +0 The conditions of correlations are shown to be necessary for the multi-level Bell state . We analyze the correlation structure of bipartite arbitrary-dimensional Bell inequalities via novel conditions of correlations in terms of differences of joint probabilities called correlators . +0 The proposed algorithm consists of two stages . The algorithmimprovesthe estimation of centroids of the generative distribution during the process of clustering and outlier discovery . +1 The last decades brought an impressive progress in synthesizing and studying properties of nuclides located very far from the beta stability line . Among the most fundamental properties of such exotic nuclides , usually established first , is the half-life , possible radioactive decay modes , and their relative probabilities . +1 The continuum numbers are m_b^ { RGI } = 6.73 ( 16 ) GeV for the b-quark and m_c^ { RGI } = 1.681 ( 36 ) GeV for the c-quark , corresponding respectively to m_b^ { MSbar } ( m_b^ { MSbar } ) = 4.33 ( 10 ) GeV and m_c^ { MSbar } ( m_c^ { MSbar } ) = 1.319 ( 28 ) GeV . The latter result , in agreement with current estimates , is for us a check of the method . +0 We have found that the method with the Covariant-evolution-operator/Green 's operator that we have developed primarily for structure problems can here be applied in a rather straightforward manner . The optical theorem for free particles gives a relation between the effective Hamiltonian and the cross section , a relation that is valid also when bound states are present . +1 We propose a two-phase transmission scheme , that reserves a certain portion of each coherence block for channel estimation , and the remainder of the coherence block for correlated source generation . The resulting secret-key involves contributions of both channel sequences and source sequences , with the contribution of the latter becoming dominant as the coherence period increases . +0 The most interesting aspect is that these maps include tacit and explicit knowledge . A representation using the principle of know-how maps in two or three dimensions is privileged . +0 A complete computational framework is presented including pre-processing , processing and post-processing . We exploit the knot insertion algorithm offered by NURBS ( Non Uniform Rational B-splines ) to generate cohesive elements along delamination planes in an automatic fashion . +0 Carcinogenesis is a complex process that involves dynamically inter-connected biomolecules in the intercellular , membrane , cytosolic , nuclear and nucleolar compartments that form numerous inter-related pathways . A new approach to the modular , complex systems analysis of nonlinear dynamics in cell cycling network transformations involved in carcinogenesis is proposed . +0 At the transition , the low-temperature conductance approaches the unitary limit . The Kondo effect is ascribed to a singlet-triplet transition in the ground state of the dot . +0 In particular , we generalize the notion of a ranker to infinite words in two possible ways . For all four fragments , we give characterizations in terms of rankers . +0 This discrepancy is described by the formula which relates the length of the short periodic orbit , the Parry measure $ \mu_P ( \alpha ) $ , and the topological entropies of the two chaotic sets . When the hole encompasses a point of a short periodic orbit , the entropy difference is significantly smaller than $ \mu_P ( \alpha ) $ . +0 It has been argued that these experiments show the Bohm interpretation of quantum theory is untenable . We look at certain thought experiments based upon the 'delayed choice ' and 'quantum eraser ' interference experiments , which present a complementarity between information gathered from a quantum measurement and interference effects . +0 The main one is the multinucleon component of the neutrino interaction which in the case of Cherenkov detectors enters as a quasielastic cross section , increasing the mean neutrino energy which can differ appreciably from the reconstructed value . Several factors are responsible of the deviations from the reconstructed value . +1 The spatial profiles of four primary volatiles display strong enhancements in the jet direction , which favors release from a localized vent on the nucleus . The measured IR continuum is much more sharply peaked and is consistent with a dominant contribution from the nucleus itself . +1 In this work , we show a methodology aimed to improve the quality of the assessment process for subjects related to basic programming . The method takes into account the relevance of the items and the students answers to follow different paths to improve the accuracy of the assessment process . +0 With the number of steps growing only as the cube of the number of variables , the adiabatic method gives solution probabilities close to 1 for problem sizes feasible to evaluate via simulation on current computers . The discrete formulation of adiabatic quantum computing is compared with other search methods , classical and quantum , for random satisfiability ( SAT ) problems . +1 Explicit expressions in the comoving , Newtonian and synchronous gauges facilitate the adaptation of Einstein-Boltzmann codes for solving CMB and matter perturbations in the linear regime . Using a comoving gauge code , we study the effect of metric evolution on the CMB through the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect . +1 Moreover , under the assumption of maximal non-microstates free entropy dimension , we prove that there are no zero divisors in the sense that the product of any non-commutative polynomial in the generators with any element from the von Neumann algebra is zero if and only if at least one of those factors is zero . In particular , this shows that in this case the distribution of any non-constant self-adjoint non-commutative polynomial in the generators does not have atoms . +1 We observe sharp changes in the low frequency mass and scattering rate below the upper ferromagnetic transition $ T_C = 53 K $ . The characteristic changes are exhibited most strongly at an energy scale of around 12 meV ( 100 cm $ ^ { -1 } $ ) . +0 It is proven that in the category of quantum BV manifolds associated with the homotopy theory of unimodular Lie 1-bialgebras quasi-isomorphisms are equivalence relations . These results allow us to apply properadic methods for computing formulae for a homotopy transfer of a unimodular Lie 1-bialgebra structure on an arbitrary complex to the associated quantum master function on its cohomology . +1 We present electronic transport characteristics of ternary alloy Cd1-xZnxS nanowire networks in the dark and under white light illumination . Compared to the negligible dark current , we observed a photocurrent enhancement up to 4 orders of magnitude at intensity of 460 mW/cm2 . +0 This gas can be in thermal equilibrium at relatively low temperatures , T & lt ; 300 K ( the cold neutral medium , or CNM ) or at temperatures somewhat less than 10^4 K ( the warm neutral medium , or WNM ) . Much of the interstellar medium in disk galaxies is in the form of neutral atomic hydrogen , H I . +0 This method originally used for the top mass measurement , although computing intensive , has shown its power at LHC to extract the new boson signal from the background . Moreover , recent analysis techniques based on the matrix element likelihood method assign probabilities for every event to belong to any of a given set of possible processes . +1 Several interpretations have been formulated for this magnetic spacetime . Up to now this solution has been considered as a two -- parameter self -- consistent field . +0 The key idea , first described but not implemented in ( Chernyshenko et al. , Phil.Trans.R . Soc . It is applicable to dynamical systems whose right-hand side is a polynomial function in the state variables and the controls . +0 Our resolution implies the multiplier ideal sum formula J ( ( a_1+ ... +a_r ) ^c ) = \sum_ { |v|=c } J ( a_1^ { v_1 } ... a_r^ { v_r } ) , which implicitly follows from Takagi 's proof of the two-summand formula ( math.AG/0410612 ) . This acyclicity rests on a comparison between the homology of certain homology-manifolds-with-boundary and the homology of the simplicial complexes obtained by deleting collections of boundary faces from them . +1 We provide a polygamy inequality for it in tripartite pure quantum system of arbitrary dimension . Several tradeoff relations between the one-way unlocalizable quantum discord and other correlations are given . +0 The logarithmic terms in the four-point functions are connected to the anomalous dimensions of the exchanged fields . Using methods of conformal partial wave analysis , we present a general procedure to study conformal four-point functions in terms of exchanges of scalar and tensor fields . +0 We have implemented these corrections into a numerical program and we quantify the size of these effects in a toy model . We discuss the modifications for a realistic model of N_f , up up-type flavours and N_f , down down-type flavours . +1 Our study of the transit times show no evidence for transit timing variations and we are able to rule out co-planar companions with masses \ge 0.20 \mearth\ in low order mean motion resonance with XO-2b . We also explored the stability of the XO-2 system given various orbital configurations of a hypothetical planet near the 2:1 mean motion resonance . +0 It is important to describe mass loss more accurately so as to incorporate it into stellar evolutionary models . This is because the AGB stellar evolution is strongly affected by the mass-loss process from the stars . +0 Such measurements rely on an accurate estimation of the detector relative exposure in each direction on the sky : the coverage map . The measurement of large scale patterns or anisotropies in the arrival direction of high energy cosmic rays is an important step towards the understanding of their origin . +0 In this chapter we explain our approach and present preliminary results from these two programs . To bring observational constraints on the occurrence and properties of planets in binaries and multiple stars , we have been conducting two dedicated observing programs using both adaptive optics imaging and radial-velocity monitoring . +1 The very broad wavelength coverage ( 2.4-197 micron ) obtained by combining observations made with the two spectrometers includes practically all of the flux emitted by the sources , and allows us to determine the emission and absorption features of the dense circumstellar dust shells . Agreement between the fluxes obtained by the two instruments is generally very good ; the largest discrepancies are probably due to source variability . +1 This paper addresses collision avoidance , by describing a method that contributes to achieving a requisite increase in orbit prediction accuracy . Batch least-squares differential correction is applied to the publicly available two-line element ( TLE ) catalog of space objects . +0 However , the amount of collected data is increasing , which makes analysis more difficult . Huge datasets in cyber security , such as network traffic logs , can be analyzed using machine learning and data mining methods . +0 In real application , training data are always incomplete or some nodes are hidden . Bayesian networks ( BN ) are used in a big range of applications but they have one issue concerning parameter learning . +0 The FOF proceeds with originally independent connection and metric structures of the space-time manifold . We pay attention that besides $ \sqrt { -g } $ , the 4-D space-time differentiable manifold possesses also a `` manifold volume measure '' ( MVM ) described by a 4-form which is sign indefinite and generically independent of the metric . +0 With decreasing field , the dynamics becomes irregular , however , still confined in configuration space . In the strong field limit we demonstrate the existence of ( almost ) non-spreading states which remain localized on the lattice region populated initially and show coherent Bloch oscillations with fractional revivals in the momentum space ( so called quantum carpets ) . +0 We show that in this case the droplet boundary is always diffusive , as opposed to sharp , and find the corresponding density profiles ( droplet shapes ) . In this paper the shape of such droplets is investigated within the spherical model of a lattice gas . +0 It is found that $ \bar\eta $ increases with angular momentum $ M $ at a given temperature $ T $ . The specific shear viscosity $ \bar\eta $ of a classically rotating system of nucleons that interact via a monopole pairing interaction is calculated including the effects of thermal fluctuations and coupling to pair vibrations within the selfconsistent quasiparticle random-phase approximation . +0 For voltages less than $ V_T $ , we find that the features of the invasion of charge onto the array depend on whether the dots have uniform or varying capacitances . We investigate the behavior of arrays in three voltage regimes : below , at and above the critical voltage . +0 The first one provides expressions that relate the coefficients of the two systems . Entropy production retains its usual form as a sum of products of fluxes and forces and Onsager 's symmetry principle is proven to hold for the average nanosystem if it is valid for the macroscopic ensemble , by two methods . +1 The quantum master equation , considered in the FA framework as the quantity parametrizing BRST anomalies , is argued to be incomplete at two and higher order loops and conjectured to reproduce only the one-loop corrections to the $ \hbar^p $ anomaly generated by the addition of $ O ( \hbar^ { k } ) $ , $ k & lt ; p $ , counterterms . Chiral $ W_3 $ gravity is used to exemplify the nonlocally regularized FA formalism . +1 A number of companies are trying to migrate large monolithic software systems to Service Oriented Architectures . A common approach to do this is to first identify and describe desired services ( i.e. , create a model ) , and then to locate portions of code within the existing system that implement the described services . +0 However , the apparently oracular powers expressed in the LEM , that for any proposition P either it or its negation , not P , is true can also be explained in terms of constructive evidence that does not refer to `` oracles for truth . '' Such semantics seems impossible because classical logic allows the Law of Excluded Middle ( LEM ) , not accepted in constructive logic since it does not have computational meaning . +1 We explore an alternative prior for nonparametric Bayesian clustering -- the uniform process -- for applications where the `` rich-get-richer '' property is undesirable . We also explore the cost of this process : partitions are no longer exchangeable with respect to the ordering of variables . +0 As a candidate , we consider Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati two-brane model with the Goldberger-Wise radion stabilization . We discuss whether or not bigravity theory can be embedded into the braneworld setup . +0 Here we report the discovery of the host galaxy of HDF850.1 . Consequently , HDF850.1 has become a test case of the possibility that the most violently star-forming objects in the universe are too red and/or distant to be seen in the deepest optical images . +0 In determining the spectral types of the counterparts we applied 3 different extinction corrections ; one for an all-sky value , one for a Galactic Bulge value and one for a local value . Using VLT/ISAAC , we detected 2 candidate counterparts to the bursting pulsar GRO J1744-28 , one bright and one faint , within the X-ray error circles of XMM-Newton and Chandra . +1 Certain features of orientifolded NS-branes -such as their existence- were assumed in the original construction , which have not been verified directly . However , those features fit very well together with the properties of the relevant field theories , and subsequently yielded the known dualities . +1 The main elements of the system are blocks ( modeling cars ) , springs with unidirectional interactions ( modeling distance keeping interactions between neighbors ) , static and kinetic friction ( modeling inertia of drivers and cars ) and spatiotemporal disorder in the values of these friction forces ( modeling differences in the driving attitudes ) . The traveling chain of cars correspond to the dragged spring-block system . +1 Motivated by the recent finding of superconductivity in layered CoO_2 compounds , we investigate superconducting and magnetic instabilities of interacting electrons on the two-dimensional triangular lattice . Using a one-loop renormalization group scheme for weak to moderate coupling strengths , we find that for purely local interactions U & gt ; 0 and small Fermi surfaces the renormalization group flow remains bounded down to very low scales and no superconducting or other instabilities can be detected . +1 Weak H_2 absorption is detected in the Intermediate-Velocity Arch ( IV Arch ; abundance \~1.0 solar ) toward PG 1259+593 ( log N ( H_2 ) =14.10 ( +0.21 ) ( -0.44 ) at v ( LSR ) =-55 km/s and log N ( HI ) =19.5 ) . It thus appears that metal- and dust-poor halo clouds like Complex C are not able to form and maintain widely distributed H_2 , whereas metal and dust-rich halo clouds like the IV Arch can maintain H_2 even at low HI column densities . +0 We also apply it to Gaussian independent sequences and to the generic class of ultrametric Gaussian processes . We show on examples that our bound is sharp . +1 \pm 0.35 ( syst . ) ) x 10^ { -2 } . A search for orbital excitations of charm mesons contributing to the B0 - & gt ; D*- pi+ pi- pi+ final state is also performed , and the first observation of the B0 - & gt ; Dbar_ { 1 } ( 2420 ) ^0 pi+ pi- decay is reported with the ratio of branching fractions B ( B0 - & gt ; ( Dbar_ { 1 } ( 2420 ) ^0 - & gt ; D*- pi+ ) pi- pi+ ) / B ( B0 - & gt ; D*- pi+ pi- pi+ ) = ( 2.04 \pm 0.42 ( stat . ) +0 These two parameterizations do not correspond with one another . The scaling limit of the SAW has a natural parameterization and SLE has a standard parameterization using the half-plane capacity . +0 In this paper we detail an assessment of the potential sensitivity below 10 keV in the 1 m^3 DRIFT-II directionally sensitive , low pressure , negative ion time projection chamber ( NITPC ) , based on event-by-event track reconstruction and calorimetry in the multiwire proportional chamber ( MWPC ) readout . Understanding the ability to measure and discriminate particle events at the lowest possible energy is an essential requirement in developing new experiments to search for weakly interacting massive particle ( WIMP ) dark matter . +1 The exact consideration of thermodynamics is extended including a random Lorentzian transverse field . The presented results are used to study the Peierls instability in a quantum spin chain . +0 The model , with Ising spins in a transverse field , has infinite range antiferromagnetic interactions with random fields on each site , following an arbitrary distribution . We introduce a solvable quantum antiferromagnetic model . +1 In general these Vekua equations are bicomplex . However we show that the whole theory of pseudoanalytic functions without modifications can be applied to these equations under a certain not restrictive condition . +0 Simultaneously , the variations in time kinetics for the POE in nanosecond time regime were explored . This indicates the appearance of enhanced IR induced static dipole moments caused predominately by Ca impurities . +1 This work is distinct to previous work in the literature since , for state constrained problems , we add the Weierstrass conditions to adjoint inclusions using the joint subdifferentials with respect to the state and the control . Our proofs use old techniques developed in [ 16 ] , while appealing to new results in [ 7 ] . +1 Non-local entanglement is also key to quantum computation outperforming classical computers and has now begun to be applied to various atom and photon-based quantum information technologies . Despite many technical advances in manipulating electron spins in solids , entanglement control has only been realized for two coupled qubits in quantum dots ( QDs ) , mainly by local SWAP operations . +1 The need for { \em measuring } the differential luminosities is stressed . We show that , in a large variety of processes , the yield of weak vector bosons is much higher than at the \epm mode but unfortunately , the cross sections are dominated by the transverse modes . +0 The two leading complexities are equal , consistent with the Morse theorem on the total number of turning points , and have the value given in [ A. J. Bray and M. A. Moore , J. Phys . Higher-index saddles have smaller complexities . +1 The layered data is encoded by means of Prioritized Random Linear Coding ( PRLC ) in order to be resilient to channel loss while respecting the unequal levels of importance in the data , and data blocks are transmitted simultaneously in order to reduce decoding delays and improve the delivery performance . We formulate the optimal coding and scheduling decisions problem in our novel framework with the help of Markov Decision Processes ( MDP ) , which are effective tools for modeling adapting streaming systems . +1 Some matrix models admit , on top of the usual 't Hooft expansion , an M-theory-like expansion , i.e.an expansion at large N but where the rest of the parameters are fixed , instead of scaling with N. These models , which we call M-theoretic matrix models , appear in the localization of Chern-Simons-matter theories , and also in two-dimensional statistical physics . Generically , their partition function receives non-perturbative corrections which are not captured by the 't Hooft expansion . +1 Vapor sensors based on functionalized carbon nanotubes ( NTs ) have shown great promise , with high sensitivity conferred by the reduced dimensionality and exceptional electronic properties of the NT . Critical challenges in the development of NT-based sensor arrays for chemical detection include the demonstration of reproducible fabrication methods and functionalization schemes that provide high chemical diversity to the resulting sensors . +1 We find the exact solutions to the lowest order Hamilton-Jacobi equation for special scalar potentials and introduce an approximation method for general potentials . The conserved quantity invariant under a change of timelike hypersurfaces proves useful in dealing with gravitational perturbations . +0 We report important steps toward implementing spin qubits in a predominantly nuclear-spin-free system by demonstrating state preparation , pulsed gate control , and charge-sensing spin readout of confined hole spins in a one-dimensional Ge/Si nanowire . In this case , the challenge is primarily control of materials and interfaces , and device nanofabrication . +1 As expected , the spectrum depends only on \emph { dimensionless } combinations of the constants , and we emphasize the points that make this generally true for cosmological observables . Our analysis suggests that the CMB spectrum shape is mostly determined by $ \alpha^2m_e/m_p $ and the proton-CDM-particle mass ratio , $ m_p/\mchi $ . +0 Both dipole and uniformly magnetized envelopes are considered . We describe models of the thermal structure of the envelopes of neutron stars with magnetic fields up to 10^ { 14 } G. Unlike earlier work , we infer the properties of envelope models in two dimensions and precisely account for the quantization of the electron phase space . +1 The derived abundances of s-elements nicely agree with theoretical s-process nucleosynthesis predictions during the AGB phase . However , the figures obtained for Li and the 12C/13C ratios might imply the existence of a non-standard mixing process during the AGB phase operating preferentially in low mass stars . +1 Protein molecules often self-assemble by means of non-covalent physical bonds to form extended filaments , such as amyloids , F-actin , intermediate filaments , and many others . The kinetics of filament growth is limited by the disassembly rate , at which inter-protein bonds break due to the thermal motion . +1 This term is positive definite and leads excess to the neutrino flux over the in-coherent value at macroscopic distance of near detector region . The flux decreases slowly with distance in a universal manner that is determined by the absolute value of the neutrino mass and energy . +1 We study the real-time evolution of a self-interacting O ( N ) scalar field initially prepared in a pure quantum state . We present a complete solution of the nonequilibrium quantum dynamics from a 1/N-expansion of the two-particle-irreducible effective action at next-to-leading order , which includes scattering and memory effects . +0 For eleven of them an accurate position and in part detection of X-ray pulsations support the proposed identification as Be/X-ray binaries . A total of twelve of those sources are detected . +1 In this report , the eighth-order contribution to the improved perturbative series is obtained , which involves evaluation of 20410 planar two-particle irreducible vacuum diagrams . We consider SO ( d ) -preserving configurations as ansatz ( d=4,7 ) . +1 This rectification occurs for gate voltages for which the normal-metal lead is resonant with a level of the quantum dot . At the gate voltages at which the current is at the maximum current , a significant decrease in the current shot noise is observed . +0 This is true as long as the majority of the population is made of hipsters . We show a generic phase transition in the system : when hipsters are too slow in detecting the trends , they will keep making the same choices and therefore remain correlated as time goes by , while their trend evolves in time as a periodic function . +0 The solar positron flux from $ A\rightarrow e^-+e^+ $ decay was determined for axions with masses $ m_A & gt ; 2m_e $ . Constraints on the axion-electron coupling constant were obtained for axions with masses in the $ ( 0.1-1.0 ) $ MeV range : $ g_ { Ae } \leq ( 1.8-9.0 ) \times 10^ { -7 } $ . +1 To the end , a spatial-dependent azimuthal multiplicity-correlation pattern is suggested . It shows clearly in the pattern that there are two kinds of interactions at the early stage of Au + Au collisions at $ \sqnn=200 $ GeV generated by RQMD with hadron re-scattering and AMPT with string melting . +0 We have studied the frequency-dependent conductivity of phosphorus-doped silicon in the THz frequency range ( 30 GHz to 3 THz ) at low temperatures $ T\geq 1.8 $ K. The crossover in the optical conductivity from a linear to a quadratic frequency dependence as predicted by Efros and Shklovskii is observed qualitatively ; however , the simple model does not lead to a quantitative agreement . Electronic transport in highly doped but still insulating silicon at low temperatures is dominated by hopping between localized states ; it serves as a model system of a disordered solid for which the electronic interaction can be investigated . +0 Many examples for such irreducible Virasoro modules with different features are provided at the end of the paper . We determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for two such irreducible Virasoro modules to be isomorphic . +1 The present analysis is based on a total sample of 1995 events of CNGS neutrino interactions , which corresponds to an almost doubled sample with respect to the previously published result . Four clear { \nu } e events have been visually identified over the full sample , compared with an expectation of 6.4 +- 0.9 events from conventional sources . +0 No new particles with a mass of order the laser frequency or below are assumed . We attempt to accommodate the result by employing an effective theory for the electromagnetic field alone . +0 Crucially , we show that noise measurements can directly verify entanglement generation . We then prove that there exists a local test that allows one to verify entanglement generation , falsifying our hypothesis . +0 For a uniform SNP distribution $ \sigma^2_l/\mu_l=1 $ , for clustered SNPs $ \sigma^2_l/\mu_l & gt ; 1 $ . We measure the extent of SNP clustering as the ratio between the variance of SNPs found in bins of length $ l $ , and the mean number of SNPs in such bins , $ \sigma^2_l/\mu_l $ . +1 Previous observations have not been able to exclude the possibility that high temperature active region loops are actually composed of many small scale threads that are in various stages of heating and cooling and only appear to be in equilibrium . With new observations from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer ( EIS ) and X-ray Telescope ( XRT ) on \textit { Hinode } we have the ability to investigate the properties of high temperature coronal plasma in extraordinary detail . +0 The grand canonical ensemble may be used to derive the criterion for the occurrence of a condensation transition but does not shed light on the nature of the condensate . We study the phenomenon of real space condensation in the steady state of a class of mass transport models where the steady state factorises . +1 We discuss possible detection of these effects by Gaia . Observations of the photocenter variability in two AGNs , SDSS J121855+020002 and SDSS J162011+1724327 have been reported and discussed . +1 A simple multifractal coarsening model is suggested that can explain the observed dynamical behavior of the fractal dimension in a wide range of coarsening fractal systems . It is assumed that the minority phase ( an ensemble of droplets ) at $ t=0 $ represents a non-uniform recursive fractal set , and that this set is a geometrical multifractal characterized by a $ f ( \alpha ) $ -curve . +1 These schemes are tested in a perturbed Minkowski and the Schwarzschild space-time . In those examples we find advantages of the strongly hyperbolic formulations over the ADM system presented in [ arXiv:0807.0734 ] . +0 The multiplicities at mid-rapidity as well as the total yields are studied as a function of collision energy including AGS measurements . The shape of the rapidity distribution becomes flatter with increasing beam energy . +0 In the same parameter regimes , we find that realistic tissues are capable of generating a multitude of stationary patterns , with a variable number of auxin peaks , that can be selected by different initial conditions or by quasi-static changes in the active transport parameter . We test our theory and perform numerical bifurcation analysis on two models which are known to generate auxin patterns for biologically plausible parameter values . +1 These violations are analogous to the oblique corrections in the electroweak sector of the standard model , and can be parametrized in terms of super-oblique parameters . The $ e^- e^- $ collision mode of a future linear collider is shown to be an excellent environment for such high precision measurements of these SUSY parameters , which will provide an important probe of superparticles beyond reachable energies . +1 The charged particle multiplicity distribution of the gluon jets is presented , and is analyzed for its mean , dispersion , skew , and curtosis values , and for its factorial and cumulant moments . The results are compared to the analogous results found for a sample of light quark ( uds ) jets , also defined inclusively . +0 Those works focus only on the region close to the black hole thus it is unknown whether or where the wind production stops at large radii . Previous works show strong winds exist in hot accretion flows around black holes . +0 Recent simulations considering radiative transport have shown that the evolution of migration and eccentricity can strongly depend on the thermodynamic state of the disc . One process to alter the inclination of a planet is through planet-disc interactions . +1 First , using a fixed point iteration scheme , we numerically integrate the equation to find solitary waves . It is found that these solutions are well approximated by a truncated series of hyperbolic secants . +0 Their annihilations on the relic neutrinos can be the origin of the cosmic rays with energies beyond the Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin cutoff . Decays of superheavy relic particles may produce extremely energetic neutrinos . +1 We show here how Renormalized Perturbation Theory ( RPT ) calculations applied to the quasi-linear growth of the large-scale structure can be carried on in presence of primordial non-Gaussian ( PNG ) initial conditions . It is explicitly demonstrated that the series reordering scheme proposed in Bernardeau , Crocce and Scoccimarro ( 2008 ) is preserved for non-Gaussian initial conditions . +1 The number of identity curling subsequences in a simple connected graph $ G $ is denoted $ ic ( G ) . $ We show that the curling number conjecture holds for the degree sequence of a simple connected graph $ G $ on $ n \geq 1 $ vertices . We also introduce the notion of the compound curling number of a simple connected graph $ G $ and then initiate a study on the curling number of certain standard graphs like Jaco graphs and set-graphs . +0 The algorithm consists of a hybrid supervisor that , based on the values of plant 's outputs and ( norm ) state estimates , selects the hybrid controller that should be applied to the plant . We provide a control algorithm that combines the two hybrid controllers to accomplish the stabilization task . +1 An important example is the mixture Kalman filter , but other models and algorithms of practical interest fall in this category . We study the asymptotic stability of such particle algorithms as time goes to infinity . +1 Subdiffusive fractional equations are not structurally stable with respect to spatial perturbations to the anomalous exponent ( Phys.Rev . E 85 , 031132 ( 2012 ) ) . +0 By the authors ' previous work , they are also related to the Gromov-Witten invariants of Kahler surfaces . These `` spin Hurwitz numbers '' , recently studied by Eskin , Okounkov and Pandharipande , are interesting in their own right . +1 It showed that Weyl equations were equations of generating lines in the quadric surface . In other word , the geometric correspondence of spinor is generating lines of quadric surface in momentum space . +0 As a simple toy model , we consider an $ \mathcal { O } ( \text { GeV } ) $ DM fermion coupled to a new $ U ( 1 ) ' $ gauge boson ( dark photon ) with a mass of order GeV and kinetically mixed with the Standard Model photon . In this paper , we discuss lepton jets as a promising signature of an extended dark sector . +1 A graph is called ( claw , diamond ) -free if it contains neither a claw ( a $ K_ { 1,3 } $ ) nor a diamond ( a $ K_4 $ with an edge removed ) as an induced subgraph . Equivalently , ( claw , diamond ) -free graphs can be characterized as line graphs of triangle-free graphs , or as linear dominoes , i.e. , graphs in which every vertex is in at most two maximal cliques and every edge is in exactly one maximal clique . +0 We show that the method of Zhang ( 2008 ) exactly measures the reduced shears at the second order level in the presence of PSF . Existing methods which claim to measure the reduced shears are not necessarily accurate to the second order when a point spread function ( PSF ) is present . +1 For the XXZ model we discuss in detail the relation between our results , the phenomenological theory of spin diffusion , and measurements of the spin-lattice relaxation rate in spin chain compounds . Furthermore , we study the Haldane-Shastry model where the current operator is also orthogonal to the set of conserved quantities associated with integrability but becomes itself conserved in the thermodynamic limit . +0 We examined student engagement with 78 online videos that we created and were incorporated into a one-semester blended introductory mechanics course at the Georgia Institute of Technology . The advent of MOOCs has stimulated interest in using online videos to deliver content in university courses . +1 An analysis of the Fermi gamma ray space telescope data has recently revealed a resolved gamma-ray feature close to the galactic center which is consistent with monochromatic photons at an energy of about 130 GeV . If interpreted in terms of dark matter ( DM ) annihilating into \gamma\gamma ( \gamma Z , \gamma h ) , this would correspond to a DM particle mass of roughly 130 GeV ( 145 GeV , 155 GeV ) . +1 We employ a constructivist model of growth of both neurons and synaptic connections , which permits a Genetic Algorithm ( GA ) to automatically evolve sufficiently-complex neural structures . The spiking classifiers are coupled with a temporally-sensitive reinforcement learning algorithm , which allows the system to perform temporal state decomposition by appropriately rewarding `` macro-actions , '' created by chaining together multiple atomic actions . +1 Results of such experiments have revealed typical spectra that are quite different from what is seen in conventional low-Tc superconductors . In particular the Caroli-deGennes-Matricon state at $ E\sim 0 $ in the core center is not seen . +0 E.g. , adjacency matrix of a graph , web-links , social network , document-terms , or image-features matrices . Here , sparse Big Data is a set of $ n $ vectors in $ \mathbb { R } ^d $ , where each vector has $ O ( 1 ) $ non-zeroes entries , and $ d\geq n $ . +0 They are sensitive with edge weight changes , especially at zero weight . These generalizations have a common property , that their values are not continuous . +1 We analyze the partition function and main thermodynamic properties arising from perturbative thermal loops . We focus on the p-adic models associated with the tachyon phenomenology in string theories . +1 In our model solely the dipole-dipole interaction of the particles is considered , electrohidrodynamic effects are excluded . Based on molecular dynamics simulations and analytic calculations we show that the total concentration of the particles , the relative concentration and the relative dipole moment of the components determine the structure of the colloid . +1 The gas content of such cavities can be spatially resolved for the first time using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array ( ALMA ) . We have developed a new series of models to simulate the physical conditions and chemical abundances of the gas in cavities to address the question whether the gas is primarily atomic or molecular inside the dust free cavities exposed to intense UV radiation . +1 In this paper , we present a regularization to 1D Grad 's moment system to achieve global hyperbolicity . The regularization is based on the observation that the characteristic polynomial of the Jacobian of the flux in Grad 's moment system is independent of the intermediate moments . +0 For both the PI and AFI phases , the vanadium 3d parts of the valence spectra are not simple one peak structures . The quasiparticle peak shows a significantly larger peak width and weight than in the theory . +0 degree area of the Small Magellanic Cloud . We present our catalog of U , B , V , and I stellar photometry of the central 18 sq . +1 Our study reveals the relevance of two factors : the effect of local variations of the striped patterns within defect-free domains and the presence of both point-like and extended defects . Taking into account these two aspects we are able to identify the characteristic length scale selected during the quench and to relate it to the density of defects . +0 The resulting algorithm thus inherits the benefits of both level set methods and boundary integral methods to simulate the nonlocal front propagation problem with possible topological changes . Our method is based on a simple formulation for implicit interfaces , which rewrites boundary integrals as volume integrals over the entire space . +0 We develop a methodology which exploits a separation in time scales between fast and slow variables to reduce these equations so that they resemble those for a single island , which are amenable to analysis . In all these cases the governing equations are intractable , consisting as they do of multidimensional Fokker-Planck equations or , equivalently , coupled nonlinear stochastic differential equations with multiplicative noise . +0 The GP-B mission has been launched in April 2004 and is aimed mainly to the measurement of the gravitomagnetic precession of four gyroscopes carried onboard at a claimed accuracy of 1 % or better . This feature is induced by the general relativistic gravitomagnetic component of the Earth gravitational field . +1 We explore two models for the secondary property , namely subhalo assembly time and local dark matter density around each subhalo . The model predictions for the galaxy two-point correlation functions are compared with the recent results from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey . +0 We study the Andrews-Curtis and Nielsen equivalence in the class of finitely generated groups for which every maximal subgroup is normal , including nilpotent groups and Grigorchuk groups . The conjecture for arbitrary finitely generated group has its own importance to analyse potential counter-examples to the original conjecture . +0 A number of other relatively bright cluster members also display excess emission in the $ K $ -- band , indicative of disks/envelopes around young massive stars . This object is at least as hot as an early B type star based on its intrinsic luminosity and is surrounded by a circumstellar disc/envelope which produces near infrared excess emission . +0 The tissue causes distortions of the wavefront of the incoming light which broadens the focus , thereby reducing the intensity and resolution especially in techniques requiring focal illumination . Such research requires advances in optical techniques for the delivery of light through brain tissue with high spatial resolution . +0 A search for orbital excitations of charm mesons contributing to the B0 - & gt ; D*- pi+ pi- pi+ final state is also performed , and the first observation of the B0 - & gt ; Dbar_ { 1 } ( 2420 ) ^0 pi+ pi- decay is reported with the ratio of branching fractions B ( B0 - & gt ; ( Dbar_ { 1 } ( 2420 ) ^0 - & gt ; D*- pi+ ) pi- pi+ ) / B ( B0 - & gt ; D*- pi+ pi- pi+ ) = ( 2.04 \pm 0.42 ( stat . ) \pm 0.35 ( syst . ) ) x 10^ { -2 } . +0 This strengthens the conclusions of previous work in which the spectrum of cosmological perturbations in expanding inflationary cosmologies was studied , and it was found that , for dispersion relations for which the evolution is not adiabatic , the spectrum changes from the standard prediction of scale-invariance . Changes in the amplitude and in the spectral index are possible , in addition to modulations of the spectrum . +0 The dots exhibit a strong Coulomb repulsion between the two excitons , which results in a huge measured biexciton blue shift of up to 300 meV . The exciton-exciton interaction energy of Tellurium doped CdSe colloidal quantum dots is experimentally investigated . +0 We also discuss how the N=2 superfield formulations of N=2 W_ { 3 } and N=2 W_ { 3 } ^ { ( 2 ) } superconformal algebras come out in this framework , as well as some unusual extended N=2 superconformal algebras containing constrained N=2 stress tensor and/or spin 0 supercurrents . Decoupling of four component currents of dimension 1/2 in them yields , respectively , u ( 2|1 ) and u ( 3 ) Knizhnik-Bershadsky superconformal algebras . +0 To solve these problems , we propose to use L1 optimality , that is , we use the L1 norm for the regularization term and/or the empirical risk term . Conventional design requires exactly the same number of base functions as given data , and the result is not robust against outliers . +1 We systematically investigated the geometric , electronic and thermoelectric ( TE ) properties of bulk black phosphorus ( BP ) under strain . The hinge-like structure of BP brings unusual mechanical responses such as anisotropic Young 's modulus and negative Poisson 's ratio . +1 This allows a detailed examination of an important class of non-unital extreme points which can be characterized as having exactly two images on the Bloch sphere . We also discuss a number of related issues about the images and the geometry of the set of stochastic maps , and show that any stochastic map on 2x2 matrices can be written as a convex combination of two `` generalized '' extreme points . +1 Participants analyzed 30 million simulated galaxies with a range in signal to noise ratio , point-spread function ellipticity , galaxy size , and galaxy type . The large quantity of simulations allowed shear measurement methods to be assessed at a level of accuracy suitable for currently planned future cosmic shear observations for the first time . +0 The bulk orbital magnetization is interpreted by the persistent edge current attributed to the chiral anomaly at the ( 1+1 ) -dimensional boundary . The crossed susceptibility in two-dimensional quantum spin Hall insulators shows a quantized signature of the $ \mathbb { Z } _2 $ topological phase in response to Zeeman coupling via an averaged g-factor , and the quantization persists even when $ \sigma^z $ -conservation of electrons is broken by a tilted magnetic field . +1 We present continuous , monochromatic star formation rate ( SFR ) indicators over the mid-infrared wavelength range of 6-70 micron . We use a sample of 58 star forming galaxies ( SFGs ) in the Spitzer-SDSS-GALEX Spectroscopic Survey ( SSGSS ) at z & lt ; 0.2 , for which there is a rich suite of multi-wavelength photometry and spectroscopy from the ultraviolet through to the infrared . +1 By means of atomistic tight-binding calculations , we investigate the effects of uniaxial strain on the electronic bandstructure of twisted graphene bilayer . We find that the bandstructure is dramatically deformed and the degeneracy of the bands is broken by strain . +1 The method is first generalized to the case of quantum strangeness canonical ensemble . Uncertainties in calculation of the K+/pi+ excitation function are discussed . +1 Here we include beneficial mutations and obtain exact expressions for the frequency distribution at all times using an eigenfunction expansion method . We find that the stationary distribution is non-Poissonian and related to the Bessel function of the first kind . +1 In this paper we constructed a semi-realistic cosmological model in a dynamic domain wall framework . Our universe is considered to be a ( 3+1 ) dimensional dynamic domain wall in a higher dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Born-Infeld background . +0 We prove that the second player 's winning positions of Maharaja Nim are close to the ones of Wythoff Nim , namely they are within a bounded distance to the lines with slope $ \frac { \sqrt { 5 } +1 } { 2 } $ and $ \frac { \sqrt { 5 } -1 } { 2 } $ respectively . Here , in addition to the classical rules a player may also move the Queen as the Knight of Chess moves . +1 Several coronal signatures , \textit { e.g . } , filaments , coronal cavities , sigmoid structures and hot channels ( or hot blobs ) , are proposed as MFRs and observed before the eruption , which support the pre-existing MFR scenario . There is almost no reported observation about MFR formation during the eruption . +1 We consider a continuum model of active viscoelastic matter , whereby an active nematic liquid-crystal is coupled to a minimal model of polymer dynamics with a viscoelastic relaxation time $ \tau_C $ . To explore the resulting interplay between active and polymeric dynamics , we first generalise a linear stability analysis ( from earlier studies without polymer ) to derive criteria for the onset of spontaneous heterogeneous flows ( strain rate ) and/or deformations ( strain ) . +1 Its main scientific target is the detection of high-energy ( TeV and beyond ) neutrinos from cosmic accelerators , as predicted by hadronic interaction models , and the measurement of the diffuse neutrino flux . Its location allows for surveying a large part of the Galactic Plane , including the Galactic Centre . +1 The neutrino-driven explosion mechanism for core-collapse supernovae in its modern flavor relies on the additional support of hydrodynamical instabilities in achieving shock revival . Two possible candidates , convection and the so-called standing accretion shock instability ( SASI ) , have been proposed for this role . +0 The problem we address is to give a combinatorial characterization of the holomorphic maps contained in these classes whose post-singular sets are finite . The second is the class of universal covering maps from the plane to the sphere with two removed points modeled on transcendental meromorphic maps with two asymptotic values . +1 In the broadcasting part , as our resource initial state , we start with general two qubit state and consider specific examples like , non maximally entangled state ( NME ) , Werner like state ( WS ) , and Bell diagonal state ( BDS ) . We apply both state dependent/ state independent cloners , both locally and non-locally , in each of these cases . +0 We analyze the assertion of the existence of a `` strong maximum '' made in the original paper of Darwin and Fowler and other studies and show that although the presumed saddle point along the real axis of the grand canonical parameters may exist it can not , in general , be characterized as `` strong '' , in the sense of having much larger magnitude than the other points along the path of integration . We present a brief numerical study of the Darwin-Fowler method applied to the analysis of the energy partition of essembles of bosons and fermions . +0 Going beyond the riemannian spacetimes , we briefly discuss the effects of a nonvanishing torsion in the scalar case . Such a procedure -besides not modifying the spin 1 sector- leads to the well-known conformal coupling between the scalar curvature and the massless Klein-Gordon-Fock field . +1 We investigate the relationships among the angular orbital elements -- - the longitude of the ascending node , Omega , the inclination , i , and the argument of perihelion , omega -- - of the Kreutz system 's faint , dwarf sungrazers observed only with the SOHO/STEREO coronagraphs ; their published orbits were derived using a parabolic , purely gravitational approximation . In a plot of i against Omega the bright Kreutz sungrazers ( such as C/1843 D1 , C/1882 R1 , C/1963 R1 , etc . ) +0 When $ f $ has nonempty indeterminacy set , these quantities can be very difficult to determine . The dynamical degrees of a rational map $ f : X\dashrightarrow X $ are fundamental invariants describing the rate of growth of the action of iterates of $ f $ on the cohomology of $ X $ . +1 Further , the SL ( 2 , R ) can always be extended to Osp ( 1|2 ) superconformal symmetry , with a suitable choice of torsion , by the addition of N real fermions . Extension to SU ( 1,1|1 ) requires a complex structure I and a holomorphic U ( 1 ) isometry $ D^a I_a { ^b } \partial_b $ . +1 The peculiar nature of the dynamics is encoded in the correlations developing out of equilibrium . By means of a kinetic equation we analyze the spin-spin correlations and block correlations . +0 Owing to its specific linear dispersion and high electron mobility at room temperature , graphene is particularly attractive for realizing strong nonlinear effects . This includes frequency mixing , optical rectification or nonlinear current generation , which are of particular interest for generating radiation in spectral regions that are difficult to access , such as the terahertz gap . +1 While the burst was still in progress , the X-ray Telescope obtained a position and an image for an un-catalogued X-ray source ; simultaneous with the gamma-ray observation . The XRT observed flux during the prompt emission was 1.1 x 10^ { -8 } ergs cm^ { -2 } s^ { -1 } in the 0.5-10 keV energy band . +0 These $ \psi \psi $ pairs , measured in $ \pi^- N $ interactions at 150 and 280 GeV $ /c $ and in $ pN $ interactions at 400 GeV $ /c $ , carry a large fraction of the projectile momentum , $ x_ { \psi \psi } \geq 0.6 $ for the 150 GeV $ /c $ beam and $ \geq 0.4 $ at 280 GeV $ /c $ . Double $ J/\psi $ production on the order of 20-30 pb has been observed by the NA3 collaboration . +0 These results can be achieved only with outstanding detector performances in terms of threshold and background . The proposed strategy will allow to explore a region of the parameter space for spin-independent WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering corresponding to WIMP masses below 10GeV/c $ ^\text { 2 } $ , that has not been covered by other experiments . +1 Following Dyson 's analogy between the quantum field theory and the 19th-century chemistry-both explain how but not why-one could also establish an analogy between atomic physics and string theory . Atomic physics was needed to answer the question why in chemistry , string theory is trying to answer the question why in the standard model . +1 In most cases the solution is explored via Monte Carlo sampling or variational methods . Here we work further on the application of variational methods to clustering problems . +1 Perturbations are stable on one branch and ghost-like on the other . An interesting effect uncovered in our analysis is a cosmological version of the Vainshtein screening mechanism : at early times , the galileon dynamics are dominated by self-interaction terms , resulting in its energy density being suppressed compared to matter or radiation ; once the matter density has redshifted sufficiently , the galileon becomes an important component of the energy density and contributes to dark energy . +0 We prove that every geodesic $ \mu_ { t } $ in the $ L^ { 2 } $ -Wasserstein space , with $ \mu_ { t } \ll m $ , is decomposable as the product of two densities , one corresponding to a geodesic with support of codimension one verifying $ \mathsf { CD } ^ { * } ( K , N-1 ) $ , and the other associated with a precise one dimensional measure , provided the length map enjoys local Lipschitz regularity . We will prove a decomposition for Wasserstein geodesics in the following sense : let $ ( X , d , m ) $ be a non-branching metric measure space verifying $ \mathsf { CD } _ { loc } ( K , N ) $ or equivalently $ \mathsf { CD } ^ { * } ( K , N ) $ . +0 An efficient content delivery was modeled as a low cost Steiner arborescence in a grid of network*time they defined . A very related , but discrete problem ( studied separately in the past ) is the online Multimedia Content Delivery ( MCD ) problem on line networks , presented originally by Papadimitriu , Ramanathan , and Rangan . +1 Cyclotron lines at energies $ \ge 100 $ keV in several Be-transient are predicted for future observations . We suggest a new method of estimating distances to X-ray pulsars and their magnetic fields . +0 The technique can be extended to full Brillouin zone by including more coupled bands into consideration . The $ k \cdot p $ is a versatile technique that describes the semiconductor band structure in the vicinity of the bandgap . +1 It is based on the proposition that the mean field can be obtained as an energy average . Moreover , it is assumed that the matrix elements of the residual interaction , obtained after the average interaction is removed , are random with the average value of zero . +1 The first observable can be used to determine the decay width $ \Gamma_ { H\to b\bar { b } } $ of a scalar Higgs boson to a bottom-antibottom pair , while the second one is relevant for the $ e^+e^- $ annihilation cross section . The obtained estimates are compared with those from fixed-order ( FOPT ) and contour-improved perturbation theory ( CIPT ) , working out the differences . +1 The $ k \cdot p $ is a versatile technique that describes the semiconductor band structure in the vicinity of the bandgap . The technique can be extended to full Brillouin zone by including more coupled bands into consideration . +1 One possible such mechanism is suggested by the observation that granular motions in plage areas tend to be slightly `` abnormal '' , dampened compared to quiet sun . In this paper we consider the effect that abnormal granulation observed in active regions should have on the propagation of acoustic waves . +1 In the soft handoff scenario studied here , both macrocell and microcell base stations serve each system user and the two received copies of a desired user 's signal are summed using maximal ratio combining . Exact and approximate analytical methods are developed to compute uplink user capacity . +0 These solutions are described by $ N-1 $ magnetic gauge field functions $ \omega _ { j } $ . We investigate the stability of spherically symmetric , purely magnetic , soliton and black hole solutions of four-dimensional $ { \mathfrak { su } } ( N ) $ Einstein-Yang-Mills theory with a negative cosmological constant $ \Lambda $ . +1 We derive algebraic formulations and compute numerically the first contact time instants and the contact points of two moving CQMs in $ \mathbb R^3 $ . Since it is difficult to process CCD of two CQMs in a direct manner because they are composed of semi-algebraic varieties , we break down the problem into subproblems of solving CCD of pairs of boundary elements of the CQMs . +0 The comparison is carried out on the finite volume Global Circulation Model ( fvGCM ) with 72 grid points zonally , 46 grid points meridionally and 55 vertical levels . This paper explores the potential of Local Ensemble Transform Kalman Filter ( LETKF ) by comparing the performance of LETKF with an operational 3D-Var assimilation system , Physical-Space Statistical Analysis System ( PSAS ) , under a perfect model scenario . +0 Such structure exhibits discrete Legendre symmetry . The work within the Geometrothermodynamics programme rests upon the metric structure for the thermodynamic phase-space . +1 Coupling to the substrate reduces the thermal conductivity ( TC ) of supported graphene by an order of magnitude , due to damping of the flexural acoustic ( ZA ) phonons . However , increasing the strength of the graphene-substrate interaction enhances the TC of supported graphene , contrary to expectations . +1 In the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model , a bino-like LSP can be as light as a few GeV and satisfy WMAP constraints on the dark matter relic density in the presence of a light CP-odd Higgs scalar . We study upper bounds on the direct detection cross sections for such a light LSP in the mass range 2-20 GeV in the NMSSM , respecting all constraints from B-physics and LEP . +1 Here we investigate in a unified manner both the forward and the reverse external shock emission components , and introduce a straightforward recipe for directly constraining the initial Lorentz factor of the fireball using early optical afterglow data . The scheme is largely independent of the shock microphysics . +1 It is also a source of increased emissions and delays , and does not yield improved runway throughput . Leveraging the extensive past research on airport departure management , this paper explores the environmental and safety benefits that improved surveillance technologies can bring in the context of gate- or spot-release strategies . +1 Spectra from the Keck HIRES instrument of the Lyman alpha forests in the lines of sight to the A and C components of the gravitationally lensed QSO Q1422+231 were used to investigate the structure of the intergalactic medium at mean redshift z = 3.3 on sub-kpc scales . We measured the cross-correlation amplitude between the two Lyman alpha forests for a mean transverse separation of 120 pc , and computed the RMS column density and velocity differences between individual absorption systems seen in both lines of sight . +1 One interesting possibility is presented by shear-free models in which the anisotropy emerges at the level of the curvature of the homogeneous spatial sections , whereas the expansion is dictated by a single scale factor . We show that such models represent viable alternatives to describe the large-scale structure of the inflationary universe , leading to a kinematically equivalent Sachs-Wolfe effect . +0 POSLDA simultaneously uncovers short-range syntactic patterns ( syntax ) and long-range semantic patterns ( topics ) that exist in document collections . This article presents a probabilistic generative model for text based on semantic topics and syntactic classes called Part-of-Speech LDA ( POSLDA ) . +0 The results , combined with RM imaging of cluster-embedded sources and ROSAT X-ray profiles indicates that the hot intergalactic gas within these `` normal '' clusters is permeated with a high filling factor by magnetic fields at levels of & lt ; |B| & gt ; = 5-10 ( l/10 kpc ) ^ { -1/2 } microGauss , where l is the field correlation length . Analysis of the rotation measure ( RM ) data shows cluster-generated Faraday RM excess out to ~0.5 Mpc from cluster centers . +1 In haloes above ~ 10^14 Msun , the brightest satellite galaxies are slightly cooler compared to the dark matter , while fainter satellites are hotter . Within the virial radius of a cluster , the mean velocity dispersion based on the 100 brightest galaxies is a factor of 1.065 +/- 0.005 ( stat ) +/- 0.027 ( sys ) higher than that of the dark matter ( corresponding to a ~10-15 per cent bias in the dynamical mass estimate ) while that based on only the five brightest galaxies is 0.868 +/- 0.039 ( stat ) +/- 0.035 ( sys ) . +1 We first show that such derivation $ \delta $ generates a ( 1,1 ) -tensor field ( we denote it by $ R $ ) . Then , we show that the supercommutation of $ d $ and $ \delta $ ( which is a natural , essentially necessary condition to get a $ d\delta $ -lemma ) is equivalent to vanishing of the Nijenhujis torsion of $ R $ . +1 For the BPS D-vortices , we show through exact calculations that the classical motion of randomly-distributed $ n $ D-vortices is governed by a relativistic Lagrangian of free massive point-particles . When the head-on collision of two identical BPS D-vortices of zero radius is considered , it predicts either 90 $ { } ^ { \circ } $ scattering or 0 $ { } ^ { \circ } $ scattering equivalent to 180 $ { } ^ { \circ } $ scattering . +0 However , so far not much effort has examined this hypothesis . The cold dark matter ( CDM ) cosmology , which is the standard theory of the structure formation in the universe , predicts that the outer density profile of dark matter halos decreases with the cube of distance from the center . +0 The model is intended to be used as signal source template in RF system simulations . So far the applicability of the proposed reconfiguration and analog-digital co-modeling methods have been proved by modeling the function of the digital parts of three , 802.11a , ADSL and DRM , transmitters in an RF system simulator . +0 Previously , the author has given precise bounds . In 1878 , Jordan showed that a finite subgroup of GL ( n , C ) contains an abelian normal subgroup whose index is bounded by a function of n alone . +1 Until now , this has been difficult to investigate on a large scale , but the huge volume of data available from online location-based social services now makes it possible to examine the friendships and mobility of many thousands of people , and to investigate the relationship between meetings at places and the structure of the social network . In this paper , we analyze a large dataset from Foursquare , the most popular online location-based social network . +0 While the main thrust of this work is phenomenological , several popular simple models are considered microscopically in some detail , including Rashba and Dirac two-dimensional electron gases coupled to a magnetic insulator , as well as a diffusive spin Hall system . We study the role of spin-orbit interactions in the coupled magnetoelectric dynamics of a ferromagnetic film coated with an electrical conductor . +0 This method may provide a new platform for studying many-body physics using qubit systems . Since the critical temperature in the long-range Ising model is proportional to the number of spins , a ferromagnetic order can be formed at a temperature of tens of millikelvin for a sample with $ \sim10^4 $ nitrogen-vacancy centers . +0 Meanwhile , when we turn to its electrical properties , diamond is a rather featureless electrical insulator . Even more fascinating is its outstanding physical properties ; it is the hardest material known in the world with the highest thermal conductivity . +0 This field theory is related to the two-dimensional classical XY model with a N-fold degenerate symmetry-breaking field . We discuss the nature of criticality in the $ \beta^2 = 2 \pi N $ self-dual extention of the sine-Gordon model . +1 For the one-dimensional XXX model under the periodic boundary conditions , we discuss two types of eigenvectors , regular eigenvectors which have finite-valued rapidities satisfying the Bethe ansatz equations , and non-regular eigenvectors which are descendants of some regular eigenvectors under the action of the SU ( 2 ) spin-lowering operator . It was pointed out by many authors that the non-regular eigenvectors should correspond to the Bethe ansatz wavefunctions which have multiple infinite rapidities . +1 The zero field electronic transport of all samples on LAO shows thermally activated behavior , while the thermally activated behavior is suppressed and a metal-like transport is appearing for the samples on STO as the LCMO layer thickness increases above 10 unit cell . We have discussed these magnetic and transport properties of the trilayer structures on STO and LAO by the interfacial effect due to the stabilized CO state and the vibration mode of Jahn-Teller distortion . +1 Using $ ( k , m ) $ -CDS can tolerate the failure of $ \min\ { k-1 , m-1\ } $ nodes . In this paper , we study Minimum Weight $ ( 1 , m ) $ -CDS problem ( $ ( 1 , m ) $ -MWCDS ) , and present an $ ( H ( \delta+m ) +2H ( \delta-1 ) ) $ -approximation algorithm , where $ \delta $ is the maximum degree of the graph and $ H ( \cdot ) $ is the Harmonic number . +0 It is known that this rate can not be improved in general . The main message of these papers is that , given a family of predictors , we are able to build a new predictor that predicts the series as well as the best predictor in the family , up to a remainder of order $ 1/\sqrt { n } $ . +0 The ac susceptibility and resistivity measurements reveal improved grain couplings in Sr substituted samples . Reduction in Meissner fraction ( the ratio of field cooled to zero field cooled magnetization ) is observed with increasing Sr content , suggesting occurrence of flux pining in the doped samples . +1 The non-Markovian character observed from both online and offline cases is suggested by the scaling law in the distribution of dwelling time at individual and collective levels , respectively . Furthermore , we argue that the lower entropy and higher predictability in human mobility for both online and offline cases may origin from this non-Markovian character . +0 Our results provide a geometrical approach to Abhyankar 's straight line conditions and its consequences . As a consequence we find out a Kouchnirenko type formula for the Milnor number $ ( C,0 ) $ . +0 It is designed for wide-field deep imaging and low-resolution spectroscopy in the near- to mid-infrared ( 1.8 -- 26.5um ) in the pointed observation mode of AKARI . The Infrared Camera ( IRC ) is one of two focal-plane instruments on the AKARI satellite . +0 Close and above $ T_c $ its absolute value matches the lQCD calculations for $ \mu_q=0 $ . The hadronic and partonic spatial diffusion coefficients join smoothly and show a pronounced minimum around $ T_c $ , at $ \mu_q=0 $ as well as at finite $ \mu_q $ . +0 As shown in decuplet case , the approach accounts for effects highly nonlinear in SU ( 3 ) -breaking . New mass sum rules of remarkable accuracy are presented . +0 For small strangeness fractions , matter is dominated by a composition of nucleons , Lambdas , and Xis , and the calculated binding energy closely follows that calculated by using the hyperon potentials of our previous calculations . We find considerably higher binding energy in bulk matter compared to several recent calculations which constrain the composition of matter . +1 We explore naturalness constraints on the masses of the heavy Higgs bosons H^0 , H^+/- , and A^0 in supersymmetric theories . We show that , in any extension of MSSM which accommodates the 125 GeV Higgs at the tree level , one can derive an upper bound on the SUSY Higgs masses from naturalness considerations . +0 The high magnetoresistance ( 40 % at 80K ) shown by the superlattice can be attributed to the coupling between ferromagnetic and ferroelectric layers , i.e , to the magnetoelectric effect . The superlattice show both ferromagnetic and ferroelectric transitions which is an evidence for the coexistence of both the properties . +1 For quantum cosmology to be part of empirical science , it must allow for a systematic framework in which corrections to well-tested classical equations can be derived , with any ambiguities and ignorance sufficiently parameterized . As in particle and condensed-matter physics , a successful viewpoint is one of effective theories , adapted to specific issues one encounters in quantum cosmology . +1 The non-equilibrium initial state is created by switching on a relevant perturbation in the CFT vacuum during Delta t & gt ; = t & gt ; = -Delta t. Via AdS/CFT , the thermalization process corresponds to the gravitational collapse of a tachyonic scalar field ( m^2 = -3 ) in the Poincare patch of AdS_5 . In the limit Delta t & lt ; 0.02/T , the thermalization time t_T is found to be quantitatively the same as that of a non-equilibrium state created by a marginal perturbation discussed in Ref . [ 5 ] . +1 The amplitudes for this process receive tree level contributions and one-loop contributions , which are of comparable magnitude . The tree level amplitudes are dominated by helicity non-flip terms and the one-loop amplitudes are dominated by helicity flip terms . +1 Then , one approach to identify the non-locality of nature is to characterize closed sets of non-local correlations . Although non-trivial examples of wirings of no-signaling boxes are known , there is no systematic way to study wirings . +1 The calculation is performed on a 2+1 flavor , domain wall fermion ensemble with a 330MeV pion mass and a 575 MeV kaon mass . We use a quenched charm quark with a 949 MeV mass to implement Glashow-Iliopoulos-Maiani cancellation . +1 The energy and the spatial profile of the gas are computed using a theory of the crossover from Fermi to Bose superfluids at finite temperature . The theory calibrates $ \tilde { T } $ , yields excellent agreement with the data , and predicts the onset of superfluidity at the observed transition point . +1 We discuss the rationale and the present status of a large redshift survey aiming at measuring distances for all the clusters of galaxies detected by the ROSAT X -- ray All -- Sky Survey in the southern hemisphere , with flux larger than $ \sim 2\times 10^ { -12 } $ erg s $ ^ { -1 } $ cm $ ^ { -2 } $ . The survey is being performed using three ESO telescopes in parallel . +0 To understand the role of space in the form of local interactions , the process is compared with its non-spatial deterministic counterpart for well-mixing populations , which is described by the replicator equation . This model is an example of a spatial game in which players located on the~ $ d $ -dimensional integer lattice are characterized by one of two possible strategies and update their strategy at rate one by mimicking one of their neighbors chosen at random with a probability proportional to the neighbor 's payoff . +1 We consider Dirac monopoles embedded into SU ( N ) gauge theory with theta-term for $ \theta = 4\pi M $ ( where $ M $ is half-integer for $ N = 2 $ and is integer for $ N & gt ; 2 $ ) . Due to the theta - term those monopoles obtain the SU ( N ) charge and become the dyons . +1 The sub-dominant mode is anisotropic throughout , but in a scale-independent way ( at higher frequencies ) . There are two distinct subranges exhibiting different scalings within what is normally considered the inertial range . +0 We define the quality of an information transfer . Finally , we provide a quantitative insight into the balance between information gain and state disturbance . +0 The presence of certain soft nonholomorphic R-parity violating terms helps to resolve this problem . In R-parity violating supersymmetric models both leptogenesis and the correct neutrino masses are hard to achieve together . +0 Often , though , these tools assume to access the entire traffic , including IP addresses and payloads . Several tools exploit this fact to fingerprint and monitor users . +1 This sedimentary basin is 3000m wide and 350m deep . Since the seismic hazard is significant in this area , the depth of the basin and the strong impedance ratio raise the need for an accurate estimation of seismic motion amplification . +1 In this work , we calculate for the first time the next-to-next-to-leading order scalar and tensor primordial power spectra in k-inflation needed in order to obtain robust constraints on the inflationary theory . The method used is the uniform approximation together with a second order expansion in the Hubble and sound flow functions . +1 Evidence for the violation of positivity by quarks and transverse gluons in the covariant gauge is collected , and it is argued that this is one manifestation of confinement . We summarise the derivation of the Dyson-Schwinger equations ( DSEs ) of QED and QCD . +1 The BAO peak standard ruler should also follow this inhomogeneous evolution if the comoving rigidity assumption is false . This `` standard '' ruler has now been detected to be flexible , as expected under general relativity . +1 In this work , we focused on the role of high-lying excited states which are located beyond a few low-lying states known in the experiment . Expected large difference between the cross sections of $ \nu_e $ and $ { \bar \nu_e } $ reactions on $ ^ { 40 } $ Ar , which difference has been anticipated in previous calculations because of the large Q value in the $ { \bar \nu } _e $ reaction , is significantly diminished . +0 This effect is more pronounced in the case of off-chain substitutions ( Si ) for which a N\'eel state occurs over a larger substitution range , starting at very low concentrations . A 3D two-magnon density of states now gradually extends to higher temperatures T\leq 60K compared with pure CuGeO_3 . +1 The scheme is based on the competition between the unitary dynamics induced by the classical fields and the collective decays induced by the dissipation of two delocalized field modes . Under certain conditions , the symmetric or asymmetric entangled state is produced in the steady state . +0 It calculates the resolution solely from measured track data without using a detailed tracking simulation and without considering multiple Coulomb scattering effects . The geometric-mean method is often used to estimate the spatial resolution of a position-sensitive detector probed by tracks . +0 In addition , a Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio ( SINR ) based Call Admission Control ( CAC ) algorithm and Queue based Scheduling algorithm are integrated for the cross layer design . The QoS information parameter includes New Connection Blocking Probability ( NCBP ) , Hand off Connection Dropping Probability ( HCDP ) and Connection Outage Probability ( COP ) . +1 We investigate the decay of highly excited states of ultracold fermions in a three-dimensional optical lattice . Starting from a repulsive Fermi-Hubbard system near half filling , we generate additional doubly occupied sites ( doublons ) by lattice modulation . +1 Relations linking the temporal or/and spectral properties of the prompt emission of gamma-ray bursts ( hereafter GRBs ) to the absolute luminosity are of great importance as they both constrain the radiation mechanisms and represent potential distance indicators . Here we discuss two such relations : the lag-luminosity relation and the newly discovered duration-luminosity relation of GRB pulses . +0 Given the inherent difficulty in , and the lack of readily available methods for quantifying the probability of a periodic signal detected over only several cycles in a data set where red noise can be important , we developed a general method for quantifying the likelihood that such a modulation is indeed intrinsic to the source and does not arise from background fluctuations . This flaring event , which lasted a total of about three hours , was detected simultaneously by EPIC on XMM-Newton and the NICMOS near-infrared camera on the HST . +1 Such a task is BosonSampling : obtaining a distribution of n bosons scattered by some linear-optical unitary process . Here we test the central premise of BosonSampling , experimentally verifying that the amplitudes of 3-photon scattering processes are given by the permanents of submatrices generated from a unitary describing a 6-mode integrated optical circuit . +0 We characterize two mesogranular-scale exploding granules where $ \sim $ 10 $ ^ { 18 } $ Mx of magnetic flux emerges . Continuum images , longitudinal and transverse magnetic field maps and Dopplergrams obtained by IMaX onboard SUNRISE are analyzed by Local Correlation Traking ( LCT ) , divergence calculation and time slices , Stokes inversions and numerical simulations are also employed . +1 In this paper , we present and discuss our design choices for the application programming interface ( API ) of the project . In particular , we describe the simple and elegant interface shared by all learning and processing units in the library and then discuss its advantages in terms of composition and reusability . +1 The geometric-mean method is often used to estimate the spatial resolution of a position-sensitive detector probed by tracks . It calculates the resolution solely from measured track data without using a detailed tracking simulation and without considering multiple Coulomb scattering effects . +0 A tool that integrates the modeling of a parameter study with the control of jobs in a distributed architecture is presented . It is specially suited for high-throughput computing since the jobs evaluating the parameter space are loosely coupled or independent . +0 The differing metallicity distributions of the LGRB hosts and the star formation in local galaxies forces us to conclude that the low-metallicity preference of LGRBs is not primarily driven by the anti-correlation between star-formation and metallicity , but rather must be overwhelmingly due to the astrophysics of the LGRBs themselves . To investigate this proposal , we compare the metallicity of the hosts of LGRBs , broad-lined Type Ic ( Ic-bl ) supernovae ( SNe ) , and Type II SNe to each other and to the metallicity distribution of star-forming galaxies using the SDSS to represent galaxies in the local universe and the TKRS for galaxies at intermediate redshifts . +0 The motivation and the formalism are discussed along with descriptions of the algorithm and various numerical issues . The Quantum Monte Carlo method for spin 1/2 fermions at finite temperature is formulated for dilute systems with an s-wave interaction . +0 People interacting in online socio-technical environments mould technology on their needs , seamlessly integrating it into their everyday life . The necessity of supporting more and more social interaction ( and not only the mere information sharing ) in online environments is the disruptive force upon which phenomena ascribed to the Web2.0 paradigm continuously bud . +0 Taking the number of particles to infinity we demonstrate Gaussian free field type fluctuations for the stationary measure . This limit falls into a general class of two-dimensional systems of driven linear SDEs which have stationary measures on gradients . +0 Such coupling lifts the energy degeneracy of the states of the dynamical defects giving different mesoscopic contribution to resistance , and provides a new model for the fluctuator as for the object originated by the electronic mesoscopic disorder rather than by the structural one . In the case of mesoscopic renormalization one may treat the dynamical defect as coupled with Friedel oscillations originated by the other defects , both static and mobile . +1 Taking an approach different from existing literature , our method first involves a specific biased sampling , with an element being chosen based on the leverage scores of its row and column , and then involves weighted alternating minimization over the factored form of the intended low-rank matrix , to minimize error only on these samples . Our method can leverage input sparsity , yet produce approximations in { \em spectral } ( as opposed to the weaker Frobenius ) norm ; this combines the best aspects of otherwise disparate current results , but with a dependence on the condition number $ \kappa = \sigma_1/\sigma_r $ . +1 In a previous work , we analyzed the non-decoupling effects in the two and three point Green 's functions of gauge fields . We complete here the calculation of the chiral effective operators by analyzing the four point functions . +0 An extension ensuring maintenance of a safe inter-robot distance is also discussed . Three variations of a basic control strategy are proposed for different versions of the encirclement problem , and their effectiveness is formally established . +1 Beyond $ h_ { ct } $ the bifurcation is stationary and subcritical until a tricritical field $ h_t= 57.2 $ is reached , beyond which it is supercritical . The bifurcation sequence as a function of $ h $ found in the experiment confirms the qualitative aspects of the theoretical predictions . +0 We show that the asymmetry of the distribution ( with often small losses and less frequent but significant profits ) is reminiscent to trend following strategies and less dependent on peculiarities of price variations . In the frame of a Gaussian model , we derive the probability distribution of P & amp ; Ls and analyze its moments ( mean , variance , skewness and kurtosis ) and asymptotic behavior ( quantiles ) . +1 In the m-L plane , there is a line of center symmetry changing phase transitions . In the limit m- & gt ; infinity , this transition takes place at L_c=1/T_c , where T_c is the critical temperature of the deconfinement transition in pure Yang-Mills theory . +0 From the four available epochs , we find the time evolution of the velocities , intensities and spatial distribution of the line emission . With this procedure we are able to generate maps of proper motion velocities along and across the outflow axis , as well as ( angularly integrated ) proper motion velocity distributions . +0 This will enable us to test the relationships between matter over-densities , the curvature perturbation and the Newtonian potential . Next generation surveys will observe the large-scale structure of the Universe with unprecedented accuracy . +0 Here , we prove a new sufficient condition for blow-up using an interpolation type inequality and the virial identity that is applicable to certain initial data satisfying $ M [ u ] E [ u ] & gt ; M [ Q ] E [ Q ] $ . This question has been resolved ( at least for $ H^1 $ data ) if $ M [ u ] E [ u ] \leq M [ Q ] E [ Q ] $ , where $ M [ u ] $ and $ E [ u ] $ denote the mass and energy of $ u $ , and $ Q $ denotes the ground state solution to $ -Q+\Delta Q +|Q|^2Q=0 $ . +0 Together with theoretical Tight-Binding ( TB ) calculations , this technique can be used to understand the evolution of source-to-channel barrier height ( Eb ) and of active channel area ( S ) with gate bias ( Vgs ) . Channel conductance measurements can be used as a tool to study thermally activated electron transport in the sub-threshold region of state-of-art FinFETs . +1 The observation probability of target state is not improved by designing unitary transform , but oracle function . Its complexity is polynomial . +0 This analysis provides the first successful physical model to account for simultaneously the LAB luminosity function , luminosity-size relation , and the \civ/Ly $ \alpha $ and \heii/Ly $ \alpha $ ratios , with only two parameters . By adjusting the dust attenuation effect using one parameter and matching the observed size-luminosity relation of LABs using another parameter , we show that our simulations can reproduce the observed \civ/\lya\ and \heii/\lya\ ratios adequately . +1 We study BPS dominated loop amplitudes in M-theory on T^2 . For this purpose we generalize the concept of helicity supertraces to nine spacetime dimensions . +0 Its central cD galaxy is host to a steep-spectrum radio source , of the type associated with cooling cores . The cluster Abell 2199 is one of the prototypical `` cooling flow '' clusters . +0 A couple of useful tools are introduced which greatly facilitate the interpretation of the synthesis : ( 1 ) an evolutionary diagram , whose axis are the strengths of the young , intermediate age and old components of the stellar population mix , and ( 2 ) the mean age of stars associated with the starburst , $ \ov { t } _ { SB } $ . We apply empirical population synthesis techniques to samples of Starburst and HII galaxies in order to measure their evolutionary state and correlate the results with their emission line properties . +0 When the electron is reflected in an elastic spin-conserving process , incoming and outgoing angles are the same . When an electron hits the barrier from an oblique direction , its spin-up and spin-down states have different energies due to the spin-orbit interaction and the fact that the system has a structural inversion asymmetry . +1 With OrdEval algorithm we first evaluate the importance of competences for the users of clinical pharmacy and extract their nature according to the users expectations . Next , we build a model for predicting a successful introduction of clinical pharmacy to the clinical departments . +1 We calculate this contribution to the polarization tensor connected with the Chern-Simons term in effective Lagrangian of the electromagnetic field . The general expression for such a contribution which depends on the temperature and the chemical potential of plasma as well as on the photon 's momentum is derived . +0 However , most of the existing mechanisms ignore the seller 's costs of providing the resources . Dynamic trading systems , which make use of market mechanisms , show promise for more efficient resource allocation and pricing in the cloud . +0 This paper discusses the electronic properties of defective graphene for O and B decoration . In addition , vacancies are reactive and permit the incorporation of dopants . +0 They published , in various articles the data corresponding to 26 641 sunspot positions ( Carrington , Peters , and de la Rue registered 4 900 , 14 040 , and 7 701 sunspot positions , respectively ) . Three of these observers were Richard C. Carrington , Christian H. F. Peters , and Warren de la Rue ( and their respective collaborators ) . +0 Aluminum doped zinc oxide ( AZO ) is a low loss semiconductor that can show negative real permittivity in the NIR . Replacing metals with semiconductors can alleviate these problems if only semiconductors could exhibit negative real permittivity . +0 Statistical analysis of GPS measurements points to ORM as an observing site with suitable conditions for infrared ( IR ) observations , with a median column of precipitable water vapor ( PWV ) of 3.8 mm . GPS measurements have been evaluated by comparison with 940nm-radiometer observations . +1 For this approach , necessary and sufficient conditions for multi-group decodability are derived in a simple way assuming a Generalized Likelihood Ratio Test receiver and a unitary codebook . Extending Kim and Tarokh 's approach for colocated MIMO systems , a novel training based approach to distributed non-coherent space-time coding for wireless relay networks is proposed . +0 This paper proposes a hybrid text recognizer using a deep recurrent neural network with multiple layers of abstraction and long range context along with a language model to verify the performance of the deep neural network . Therefore , alternative soft decisions are needed at the pre-processing level . +1 We find that the spin signal detected in the 3T configuration is dominated by a bias-dependent spin detection sensitivity , which in turn is strongly correlated with charge-transport properties of the junction . This results in a particularly strong enhancement of the detected spin signal in a region of increased differential resistance . +1 Additionally the joint analysis of increased number of targets ( with addition of Chlamydia trachomatis , Mycoplasma hominis , and Ureaplasma urealyticum DNA ) was done in two-stage version of assay : first stage was in-tube PCR with target-specific primers , while the reverse ones contained 5'-adapter region ; the second stage was on-chip amplification with immobilized target-specific forward primers and adapter as common reverse primer in solution . The possible application of one-stage reaction for human cDNA analysis was additionally demonstrated with utilization of a common poly-T-containing primer in solution . +0 The unresolved fluid model , based on the locally averaged Navier Stokes equations , is expected to be considerably faster than fully resolved models . First , a meshless simulation method is presented for multiphase fluid-particle flows with a two-way coupled Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics ( SPH ) for the fluid and the Discrete Element Method ( DEM ) for the solid phase . +1 In contrast , in hadroproduction , which at high energies mainly involves gluon -- gluon collisions , the fragmentation mechanism dominates at transverse momenta $ p_T & gt ; m_ { B_c } $ , providing a simple and satisfactory approximation of the complete $ O ( \alpha_s^4 ) $ results in the high- $ p_T $ regime . Contradictions in previous publications on hadroproduction of $ B_c $ mesons are clarified . +1 Our results strongly suggest the absence of integrable nearest-neighbor Hamiltonians for the infinite lattices except for the trivial Ising case . In the vicinity of the Ising case , the largest Lyapunov exponents exhibit a power-law growth , while further away they become rather weakly sensitive to the Hamiltonian anisotropy . +0 In this article , we compute the elastic scattering cross sections between Kaluza-Klein dark matter and nuclei both when the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle is a KK mode of a weak gauge boson , and when it is a neutrino . It was found that to account for cosmological observations , the masses of the first Kaluza-Klein modes ( and thus the approximate size of the extra dimension ) should be in the range 600-1200 GeV when the lightest Kaluza-Klein particle ( LKP ) corresponds to the hypercharge boson and in the range 1 - 1.8 TeV when it corresponds to a neutrino . +1 During the course of first superoutburst period of positive superhumps decreased with extremely large $ \dot P = -1.5 \times 1.0^ { -4 } $ for SU UMa-like dwarf novae , confirming known behavior of MN Dra [ 1 ] . Between the superoutbursts MN Dra displayed negative superhumps . +0 Our universe is considered to be a ( 3+1 ) dimensional dynamic domain wall in a higher dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Born-Infeld background . In this paper we constructed a semi-realistic cosmological model in a dynamic domain wall framework . +1 Planets on eccentric orbits have a higher geometric probability of transiting their host star . By application of Bayes ' theorem , we reverse this logic to show that the eccentricity distribution of transiting planets is positively biased . +0 Compared to the negligible dark current , we observed a photocurrent enhancement up to 4 orders of magnitude at intensity of 460 mW/cm2 . We present electronic transport characteristics of ternary alloy Cd1-xZnxS nanowire networks in the dark and under white light illumination . +0 Therefore it is reasonable to start by investigating - at first - the possibility of a gauge-invariant description of local instability . However , in general relativity it is not easy to construct indicators of chaos which are gauge-invariant . +1 In particular , the Bailey chain technique , used for proving Rogers-Ramanujan type identities , has been generalized to integrals . At the elliptic level it yields a solution of the Yang-Baxter equation as an integral operator with an elliptic hypergeometric kernel . +1 Phys. , v. 52 , p. 082303 ( 2011 ) ) , the Dirac equation in an arbitrary electromagnetic field was shown to be generally equivalent to a fourth-order equation for just one component of the four-component Dirac spinor function . This was done for a specific ( chiral ) representation of gamma-matrices and for a specific component . +0 The estimate also applies to the exterior domains of non-trapping polygons via a doubling process . Under natural geometric assumptions on the cone points , we prove the existence of a logarithmic resonance-free region for the cut-off resolvent . +1 In this case , a lower bound for the minimum determinant is given by the minimum Hamming distance . The description of the ring structure of the quotients suggests further optimization in order to improve the overall distribution of determinants . +1 We report the results of multicolour observations of 30 E/S0 galaxies with dust lanes . For each galaxy we obtained broad-band images and narrow-band images using interference filters isolating the H\alpha + [ NII ] emission lines to derive the amount and morphology of dust and ionized gas . +1 We prove that for a star in dynamic equilibrium , the necessary and sufficient condition for thermodynamic equilibrium ( extremum of total entropy S ) is constancy of angular velocity ( \Omega ) , redshifted temperature , and redshifted chemical potential . Friedman previously identified positivity of canonical energy , E , as a criterion for dynamic stability and argued that all rotating stars are dynamically unstable to sufficiently nonaxisymmetric perturbations ( the CFS instability ) , so our main focus is on axisymmetric stability . +1 We explain the relation between the Baecklund transformations and the energy shift of the dual field theory state . We show that the Baecklund transformations can be represented as a finite-time evolution generated by a special linear combination of the Pohlmeyer charges . +1 The demand for petroleum dependent chemicals and materials has been increasing despite the dwindling of their fossil resources . As the dead-end of petroleum based industry has started to appear , today 's modern society has to implement alternative energy and valuable chemical resources immediately . +0 Here , we demonstrate that continuous-time quantum walk search is possible in two-dimensions by changing the search topology to a graphene lattice , utilising the Dirac point in the energy spectrum . However , the construction of continuous-time quantum search algorithms in two-dimensional lattices has proved difficult , requiring additional degrees of freedom . +1 We devise a Monte-Carlo based , optimized filter match method to extract the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich ( SZ ) signature of a catalog of 116 low-redshift X-ray clusters from the first year data release of the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe ( WMAP ) . We detect an over-all amplitude for the SZ signal at the ~ 8-sigma level , yielding a combined constraint of f_ { gas } h = 0.08 +/- 0.01 ( ran ) +/- 0.01 ( sys ) on the gas mass fraction of the Intra-Cluster Medium . +1 We demonstrate that the different quark flavour branching ratios in proton decay are related to the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa angles , whereas the lepton flavour branching ratios are undetermined . The light neutrino mixing angles observable via oscillation effects are related to the heavy conjugate ( right-handed ) neutrino mass matrix , which also plays a key role in cosmological baryogenesis . +0 We use the SDSS parameter `fracDeV ' to quantify the profile type . Using a sample of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) Data Release 4 , we study the trends relating surface brightness profile type and apparent axis ratio to the local galaxy environment . +0 In both cases identical ratios for gradient flows versus deconfinement observables are obtained . Here it is shown that the entire range from 5.7 to 7.5 is well described by a power series of the lattice spacing $ a $ times the lambda lattice mass scale $ \Lambda_L $ , using asymptotic scaling in the 2-loop and 3-loop approximations for $ a\Lambda_L $ . +1 This leads to the so-called shear-free metrics , which have the interesting property of violating the cosmological principle while still preserving the isotropy of the cosmic mi- crowave background ( CMB ) radiation . In this work we show that shear-free cosmologies correspond to an attractor solution in the space of models with anisotropic spatial curva- ture . +1 The ability to control such individual information carriers in trapped ultracold atomic Fermi gases is a novel theme in quantum information science . However , fermionic atoms are neutral and thus are difficult to manipulate . +1 Hydrodynamic cosmological simulations predict that the average opacity of the Ly-alpha forest should increase in the neighborhood of galaxies because galaxies form in dense environments . Recent observations ( Adelberger et al . +0 We exclude generic WIMP candidates annihilating into b-bbar with mass less than 40 GeV that reproduce the observed relic abundance . We present new limits on the annihilation cross section of Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ( WIMPs ) based on the joint analysis of seven Milky Way dwarfs using a frequentist Neyman construction and Pass 7 data from the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope . +1 The second one , LW2 , is obtained from the model of Liu and Weeks ( 1998 ) using the repulsions term to construct the attractions one with retained possibility to change the parameters in the two independently . The third model , MM2 , is a minimal one constructed ad hoc and in this article it plays a central role . +0 If the supermassive black hole at the center of a disk galaxy is kicked but the velocity is not large enough to escape from the host galaxy , it will fall back onto the the disk and accrete the interstellar medium in the disk . Recent studies have indicated that the emission of gravitational waves at the merger of two black holes gives a kick to the final black hole . +1 First-principles methods have only recently been developed to calculate the full ME response tensor $ \alpha $ including both electronic and ionic ( i.e. , lattice-mediated ) contributions . The latter is proportional to both the Born dynamical electric charge $ Z^ { \rm e } $ and its analogue , the dynamical magnetic charge $ Z^ { \rm m } $ . +0 A model with realistic mass matrices and large rotations is presented.. Proton decay and especially its gauge mediated decay is sensitive also to those mixing angles which are non-relevant in the SM . +0 Here we utilize Fourier transform scanning tunneling spectroscopy ( FT-STS ) to probe the surface of a magnetically doped TI , Bi2-xFexTe3+d . A key , elusive , step in exploring these and other novel electronic phases is the experimental observation of charge backscattering due to spin-flip processes at the surface of a magnetically-doped TI . +0 No evidence for post core collapse clusters was found . Clusters older than 1 Gyr show a spread in cluster core radii that increases with age , while the youngest clusters have relatively compact cores . +1 Simulations are performed using a hybrid dynamical Monte Carlo protocol that allows self-assembling clusters to rearrange internally while still providing Stokes-Einstein-like diffusion of aggregates of different sizes . Our simulations explicitly capture the thermodynamic , dynamic and steric challenges typically faced by self-assembly processes , including competition between multiple partially-completed structures . +0 Critical exponents are determined from scaling analysis of Monte Carlo data for current-voltage characteristics and other quantities . We also consider Monte Carlo simulations for a vortex model with a screened interaction . +1 We prove two Liouville-type uniqueness theorems for solutions of this system , and use these to give an alternative proof of the classification of compact locally conformally flat Hermitian surfaces first proved by Pontecorvo . We also give a classification of non-degenerate quadrics in CP^3 under the action of the conformal group . +0 A thorough analysis was performed through the simultaneous fit of interstellar absorption lines detected in the four FUSE channels of multiple observations with different slits . Numerous interstellar lines are detected on the continuum of the stellar spectrum . +1 In $ d=1 $ exact results demonstrate that $ T_ { dyn } =T_c $ , the static glass transition temperature , and that the dynamical exponent changes from $ z ( T ) =2 + 2 ( T_c/T ) ^2 $ at high temperature to $ z ( T ) = 4 T_c/T $ in the glass phase . The same formulae are argued to hold in $ d=2 $ . +0 The microturbulent velocity appears to be minimal at the bottom of overshooting convection region and increases sharply through superadiabatic layer and upper photosphere . Also , we investigate the vertical structure of inhomogeneous solar photosphere and consider penetration of granules from convective region into upper layers of stable atmosphere . +1 As the assumed flare height influences the derived flare energy , the mathematical foundations of nanoflare distributions and their conversion to different height assumptions are studied first . This also allows a comparison with various published energy distributions differing in height assumptions and to relate the observations to the input parameters of the heating model . +0 In this paper , we perform a systematic study to address the question : how bad/good are the external forward shock models ? Observations in the Swift era have revealed chromatic afterglow behaviors at least in some GRBs , casting doubts on the EFS origin of GRB afterglows . +1 The Minkowski type trace inequality for the density matrices of the qudit states is rewritten in terms of the purities . The properties of the obtained inequality are discussed . +1 This opens the possibility of having a CFT dual . Metastable de Sitter vacua behave differently depending on the uplifting mechanism . +1 As a follow-up to our previous paper arxiv : 1309.4244 [ hep-th ] , we determine radion induced spherically symmetric solution using the gradient approximation scheme , when two warped $ 3 $ -branes are slant with respect to each other such that the radion field in this case is a radial co-ordinate varying function . The slanting between the branes is assumed to be small . +1 Van der Waals density functional theory is integrated with analysis of a non-redundant set of protein-DNA crystal structures from the Nucleic Acid Database to study the stacking energetics of CG : CG base-pair steps , specifically the role of cytosine 5-methylation . Principal component analysis of the steps reveals the dominant collective motions to correspond to a tensile 'opening ' mode and two shear 'sliding ' and 'tearing ' modes in the orthogonal plane . +0 Further , we classify all finitely generated groups G such that the group algebra lG is an l-qurve . In an appendix we indicate how one might extend this to qurves over non-algebraically closed fields . +0 The KamLAND detector is a complicated system which consists of liquid scintillator , buffer oil , spherical balloon and so on . In January 22 , 2002 , KamLAND started the data-taking . +0 E \textbf { 75 } , 055101 ( R ) ( 2007 ) ] . We provide a clear numerical evidence that the relation between the exponent $ \tau $ of avalanche size distribution obtained by maximum likelihood estimation and the $ q $ value of appropriate q-Gaussian obeys the analytical result recently introduced by Caruso et al . [ Phys.Rev . +0 The relations between closed and open string amplitudes have new forms . We find that KLT factorization relations do not hold in these two cases . +0 Ever since , producing an electrical current $ ef $ , or its integer multiple , at a drive frequency $ f $ has been in a focus of research for metrological purposes . Controlling electrons at the level of elementary charge $ e $ has been demonstrated experimentally already in the 1980 's . +1 The particular models derived describe different non-linear ( parabolic , cubic , sinh , cosh , etc . ) level-sweeping or level-glancing processes , double- or triple-level-crossing processes , as well as periodically repeated resonance-glancing or resonance-crossing processes . +0 This approach allows us to rapidly learn , sample from , and evaluate probabilities in deep generative models with thousands of layers or time steps , as well as to compute conditional and posterior probabilities under the learned model . We then learn a reverse diffusion process that restores structure in data , yielding a highly flexible and tractable generative model of the data . +1 Our spectroscopic redshifts for 169 radio sources reveal a flat median redshift distribution , and these sources are hosted by similarly luminous optical L* galaxies , regardless of redshift . This is a serious concern for radio estimates of the local star formation rate density , as a substantial fraction of the ultraviolet luminosity density is generated by sub-L* galaxies at low redshifts . +1 We find that the contribution from H $ _2 $ into cooling rate around $ T\sim ( 4-5 ) \times 10^3 $ K stimulates thermal instability in the metallicity range $ Z\simlt 10^ { -2 } Z_\odot $ . Isobaric cooling rates are generally lower than isochoric ones , because the associated increase of gas density leads to both more efficient hydrogen recombination and equilibration of the fine-structure level populations . +1 One process to alter the inclination of a planet is through planet-disc interactions . Recent simulations considering radiative transport have shown that the evolution of migration and eccentricity can strongly depend on the thermodynamic state of the disc . +1 A selection of stationary and freely-falling detector trajectories are examined , including the co-rotating trajectories , for which the response is shown to be thermal . Analytic results in a number of asymptotic regimes , including those of large and small mass , are complemented by numerical results in the interpolating regimes . +0 We derive a general quadratic relation between these two dimensions , which we view as a probabilistic formulation of the KPZ relation from conformal field theory . Given a random ( or deterministic ) subset X of D one can define the scaling dimension of X using either Lebesgue measure or this random measure . +0 We describe arguments suggesting that the effective 4d description of the universe in the ekpyrotic scenario ( hep-th/0103239 ) should lead to contraction rather than expansion of the universe . The role of the 4-form field in the theory of BPS branes in 5d is clarified . +0 The use of the bispectrum allows us to break the degeneracies between different models for time series which produce identical power spectra . The bispectrum is a statistic which probes the relations between the relative phases of the Fourier spectrum at different frequencies . +0 We have also observed the quenching of this instability in the presence of early accretion flows ; however , in one simulation both early accretion and planet formation occurred . We have observed the growth of the Papaloizou-Pringle instability for a range of torus configurations and the resultant formation of m=1 planets . +1 We consider the early time regime of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang ( KPZ ) equation in $ 1+1 $ dimensions in curved ( or droplet ) geometry . We show that for short time $ t $ , the probability distribution $ P ( H , t ) $ of the height $ H $ at a given point $ x $ takes the scaling form $ P ( H , t ) \sim \exp { \left ( -\Phi_ { \rm drop } ( H ) /\sqrt { t } \right ) } $ where the rate function $ \Phi_ { \rm drop } ( H ) $ is computed exactly . +1 In this paper , we advocate the vision of Software-Defined Middleboxes ( SDM ) to realize abstraction and centralization for middleboxes . We further propose OpenFunction , an SDM reference architecture and a network function abstraction layer . +1 The mechanism of the evolution of the deformed microstructure at the earliest stage of annealing where the existence of the lowest length scale substructure paves the way to the formation of the so-called subgrains , has been studied for the first time . The study has been performed at high temperature on heavily deformed Ti-modified austenitic stainless steel using X-ray diffraction technique . +0 In this paper , we study Minimum Weight $ ( 1 , m ) $ -CDS problem ( $ ( 1 , m ) $ -MWCDS ) , and present an $ ( H ( \delta+m ) +2H ( \delta-1 ) ) $ -approximation algorithm , where $ \delta $ is the maximum degree of the graph and $ H ( \cdot ) $ is the Harmonic number . Using $ ( k , m ) $ -CDS can tolerate the failure of $ \min\ { k-1 , m-1\ } $ nodes . +1 Understanding the ability to measure and discriminate particle events at the lowest possible energy is an essential requirement in developing new experiments to search for weakly interacting massive particle ( WIMP ) dark matter . In this paper we detail an assessment of the potential sensitivity below 10 keV in the 1 m^3 DRIFT-II directionally sensitive , low pressure , negative ion time projection chamber ( NITPC ) , based on event-by-event track reconstruction and calorimetry in the multiwire proportional chamber ( MWPC ) readout . +0 Considering a pulsar as the source of the signals , the effect would be manifest both in the arrival times of the pulses and in the frequency shift of their Fourier spectra . We focus on the antisymmetric gravitomagnetic contribution due to the angular momentum of one of the stars of the pair . +0 Electric pulses applied to a horseshoe-shaped metallic mesa , deposited on top of the microcavity , generate a non-cylindrically symmetric solitonic wave in the system . We have theoretically demonstrated the on demand electric generation of vortices in an exciton-polariton superfluid . +0 We apply both state dependent/ state independent cloners , both locally and non-locally , in each of these cases . In the broadcasting part , as our resource initial state , we start with general two qubit state and consider specific examples like , non maximally entangled state ( NME ) , Werner like state ( WS ) , and Bell diagonal state ( BDS ) . +1 The nonperturbative definition of a topological insulator given here is distinct from previous efforts in that it involves boundary phase twists that couple only to charge , does not refer to edge states , and can be measured by pumping cycles of ordinary charge . In this definition , the phase of a Slater determinant of electronic states is determined by a Chern parity analogous to Chern number in the IQHE case . +0 Second , we need to identify and characterize the coverage in the parameter space of the models ( i.e.the combinations of input parameters that yield meaningful models ) and the different sources of systematic errors . First , we need to understand what synthesis models actually compute : we show that a synthetic stellar population with fixed physical parameters ( age , metallicity , star formation history , initial mass function and size of the system ) can only be described in terms of probability distributions ( i.e.there is an intrinsic dispersion in any model ) . +1 This family was recently obtained by performing a complete gauge fixing adapted to cylindrical symmetry . In the present work , we find boundary conditions that ensure that the metric arising from this gauge fixing is well defined and that the resulting reduced system has a consistent Hamiltonian dynamics . +0 We analyze the robustness of these beliefs within a general scalar sector and find both to be incorrect , provided that the scalar sector approximately preserves custodial symmetry and minimal flavour violation ( MFV ) . It is widely believed that existing electroweak data requires a Standard Model Higgs to be light while electroweak and flavour physics constraints require other scalars charged under the Standard Model gauge couplings to be heavy . +0 Let $ A_b ( B_X : X ) $ be the Banach space of all bounded continuous functions $ f $ on the unit ball $ B_X $ of a Banach space $ X $ and their restrictions $ f|_ { B_X^\circ } $ to the open unit ball are holomorphic . We introduce the notion of numerical ( strong ) peak function and investigate the denseness of the norm and numerical peak functions on complex Banach spaces . +1 Site-occupancy disorder , defined as the non-periodic occupation of lattice sites in a crystal structure , is a ubiquitous phenomenon in solid-state physics and chemistry . Examples are mineral solid solutions , synthetic non-stoichiometric compounds and metal alloys . +1 In the high temperature undistorted phase , we find good agreement with the recently proposed centrosymmetric space group Pmmn . On the other hand , the detailed analysis of the electronic excitations detected in the optical conductivity , provides direct evidence for a charge disproportionated electronic ground-state , at least on a locale scale : A consistent interpretation of both structural and optical conductivity data requires an asymmetrical charge distribution on each rung , without any long range order . +1 With this goal in mind , here for the first time we obtain fully explicit bounds for the number of rational points near planar curves . Further , introducing a perturbational approach we bring the smoothness condition imposed on the curves down to $ C^1 $ ( lowest possible ) . +0 According with the simulations results , the local curvature of the nanoribbons increases at the defect sites , specially for a higher number of half-twists . Optimized geometries are found by using a mix of classical-quantum semiempirical computations . +1 This chapter is a tutorial on techniques and results in free convex algebraic geometry and free real algebraic geometry ( RAG ) . The term free refers to the central role played by algebras of noncommutative polynomials R & lt ; x & gt ; in free ( freely noncommuting ) variables x= ( x_1 , ... , x_g ) . +0 It shares features with one of the most important of all graph invariants , the Tutte polynomial ; for instance , magnitude is invariant under Whitney twists when the points of identification are adjacent . Formally , the magnitude of a graph is both a rational function over Q and a power series over Z . +1 The effectiveness of the mapping is explored , and we show that all considered quantities are in qualitative , and in some cases quantitative , agreement . The thermal conductivity of the considered S=1 model is found to be strongly influenced by the underlying effective description . +1 The new constrained evolutionary algorithm is successfully tested and validated on a diverse range of experimentally known polymers , namely polyethylene ( PE ) , polyacetylene ( PA ) , poly ( glycolic acid ) ( PGA ) , poly ( vinyl chloride ) ( PVC ) , poly ( oxymethylene ) ( POM ) , poly ( phenylene oxide ) ( PPO ) , and poly ( p-phenylene sulfide ) ( PPS ) . By fixing the orientation of polymeric chains , this method can be further extended to predict all polymorphs of poly ( vinylidene fluoride ) ( PVDF ) , and the complex linear polymer crystals , such as nylon-6 and cellulose . +1 We apply the shock powered emission model to this system . The collision of the pulsar and Be star winds forms a shock , which accelerates electrons and positrons to the relativistic energies . +1 We discuss the classical and the quantum mechanics of a free particle in this framework , and show that they strongly depend on the sign of a coupling constant $ \lambda $ , appearing in the fundamental commutators and proportional to $ \beta^2 $ . For example , if $ \lambda $ is negative , momenta are bounded . +0 In this work , we apply this methodology to the stacked profiles of 58 high-redshift ( $ 0.1 & lt ; z & lt ; 1.2 $ ) clusters using X-ray surface brightness profiles from the XMM Cluster Survey and weak lensing profiles from CFHTLenS . Therefore , by simultaneously fitting the X-ray and lensing profiles of galaxy clusters new constraints can be obtained . +1 To solve this problem , we propose a exact branch-and-price-and-cut algorithm , where the pricing subproblem is a resource-constrained elementary least-cost path problem . We first prove that at least an optimal solution to the pricing subproblem is associated with an extreme collection pattern , and then design a tailored and novel label-setting algorithm to solve it . +0 Unlike to the other field-theoretical equations , both protons in the unitarity condition and in $ V_ { e'N ' , eN } $ are on mass shell . The $ ep $ scattering potential $ V_ { e'N ' , eN } $ consists of the leading one off mass shell photon exchange part and the nonlocal multi-particle exchange potential . +1 We are developing a consistent method to combine tree-level event generators for hadron collision interactions with those including one additional QCD radiation from the initial-state partons , based on the limited leading-log ( LLL ) subtraction method , aiming at an application to NLO event generators . In this method , a boundary between non-radiative and radiative processes necessarily appears at the factorization scale ( mu_F ) . +0 The four-fold symmetry sometimes predicted for d-wave vortices is not seen in spectroscopic vortex images . Spectroscopic imaging at these energies reveals an exponential decay of these 'core states ' with a decay length of 2.2 ( 3 ) nm . +0 A locally-oriented programming model is especially useful for the solution of algorithms requiring the application of a stencil or convolution kernel . This paper presents preliminary work examining how programming with a local orientation can be employed to provide simpler access to accelerator architectures . +1 This allows a simultaneous analysis based on the posterior probability of each model . Inference is performed via Markov chain Monte Carlo - a Gibbs sampler with Metropolis-Hastings steps for a class of parameters . +0 Like standard coherent states they resolve the identity with a uniform measure . They minimize a special uncertainty relation . +0 We study the action on this category of the convolution functors with the `` central '' sheaves on the affine flag scheme G ( ( t ) ) /I . Consider the category of g^-modules at the critical level , on which the action of the Iwahori subalgebra integrates to algebraic action of the Iwahori subgroup I . +1 We study the role of strategy correlations and timing of adaptation for the dynamics of Minority Games , both simulationally and analytically . Using the exact generating functional approach a la De Dominicis we compute the phase diagram and the behaviour of batch and on-line games with correlated strategies , complementing exisiting replica studies of their statics . +1 This method is based on the concept of entanglement witness . We decompose the entanglement witness for each class of multipartite entanglement into nonlocal operations in addition to local measurements . +0 For an erasure coded system , a common practice to repair from a node failure is for a new node to download subsets of data stored at a number of surviving nodes , reconstruct a lost coded block using the downloaded data , and store it at the new node . However , since fragments must be periodically replaced as nodes fail , a key question is how to generate encoded fragments in a distributed way while transferring as little data as possible across the network . +0 We establish asymptotically equivalent lower and upper bounds for the rate distortion tradeoff . This volume formula holds for Grassmann manifolds with arbitrary dimension n and p , while previous results pertained only to p=1 , or a fixed p with asymptotically large n. Based on this result , several quantization bounds are derived for sphere packing and rate distortion tradeoff . +1 We use ultraviolet absorption-line spectra from the Hubble Space Telescope to constrain the velocity of the outflowing gas within these regions , targeting the quasar PDS 456 ( Galactic coordinates l , b=10.4 , +11.2 degrees ) . This sightline passes through a clear biconical structure seen in hard X-ray and gamma-ray emission near the base of the northern Fermi Bubble . +0 We decompose the entanglement witness for each class of multipartite entanglement into nonlocal operations in addition to local measurements . This method is based on the concept of entanglement witness . +0 and VERITAS observations in the very high energy ( VHE ) range combined with Swift X-ray data indicate that this object is a new member of the elusive gamma-ray binary class . HESS J0632+057 is an unidentified gamma-ray source located in the Monoceros region , probably associated with the massive Be star MWC 148.H.E.S.S . +0 As is well known , their partition functions coincide with $ A_ { k-1 } $ affine characters . We consider N=4 theories on ALE spaces of $ A_ { k-1 } $ type . +1 By constructing an explicit example , we show that our estimates are sharp and can not be improved in general . Better estimates are however derived under additional assumptions on the parameters . +0 Hence , even though the percentage of quartets of states leading to the NMuTP drawback of TD and its strength decrease as the system 's dimension grows , this property of TD must be taken into account before using it as a figure of merit for distinguishing mixed quantum states . Our results reveal that although this property of TD does not shows up for pure states and for some particular classes of mixed states , it is present in a non-negligible fraction of the regarded density operators . +1 During the later Paleolithic , technologies increase not only in terms of diversity but also in their complexity and interdependence . As Mesoudi and O'Brien ( 2008 ) have shown , selection broadly favors social learning of information that is hierarchical and structured , and multiple studies have demonstrated that teaching within a social learning environment can increase fitness . +1 We separate the redshifts into 4 bins and assume a constant EOS parameter for dark energy in each bin . The EOS parameters are decorrelated by diagonalizing the covariance matrix . +0 The solid is produced industrially at high chemical purities by deposition from a vapour phase , and oxygen may be included at this stage . GaN is a wide-bandgap semiconductor used in high-efficiency LEDs and solar cells . +0 The corresponding critical exponent alpha turns out to be alpha=0.38 , which differs significantly from that obtained within the framework of the fluctuation theory of second order phase transitions based on the scale invariance , where alpha=0.1 . Low-temperature specific-heat measurements on YbRh2Si2 at the second order antiferromagnetic ( AF ) phase transition reveal a sharp peak at TN=72 mK . +0 Aucun ouvert non vide de $ \Gamma\cap P^ { n-p+1 } _\nu $ n'est reel analytique . $ \Gamma\cap P^ { n-p+1 } _\nu $ est le bord d'une surface de Riemann dans $ P^ { n-p+1 } _\nu $ .4 . +0 We assume that the charge distribution over a body can be described by the density of the charge . In this model , the role of inner forces is to create a specific stable distribution of the charge over a body . +0 A stochastic source method is used to reduce inversions in calculating propagators . The calculation is done in a range of pion masses from 300 to 500 MeV . +1 In an in-plane magnetized Pt/Co/Pt thin film with perpendicular interface anisotropy , we found excellent agreement between theoretical prediction with plausible parameters and experimental data measured using time resolved magneto-optical Kerr effect . This agreement confirms that the time evolution of the anisotropy field , which is driven by the interaction between electrons and phonons , determines the magnetization precession completely . +1 These methods offer the currently best approach to several central problems such as learning half spaces and learning DNF 's . In addition they are widely used in numerous application domains . +1 The nascent field of compressed sensing is founded on the fact that high-dimensional signals with `` simple structure '' can be recovered accurately from just a small number of randomized samples . Several specific kinds of structures have been explored in the literature , from sparsity and group sparsity to low-rankness . +0 This would open a new window to explore the physical mechanism responsible for the current acceleration of the Universe . The variation of the expansion rate of the Universe with time produces an evolution in the cosmological redshift of distant sources ( for example quasar Lyman- $ \alpha $ absorption lines ) , that might be directly observed by future ultra stable , high-resolution spectrographs ( such as CODEX ) coupled to extremely large telescopes ( such as European Southern Observatory 's Extremely Large Telescope , ELT ) . +1 Geometry of the return map , frequency of UPOs visiting the same trajectory , length of the data set , strength of the noise and degree of nonstationarity affect the efficacy of the proposed method . Results suggest that establishing determinism from unambiguous UPO detection is often possible in short data sets with significant noise , but derived dynamical properties are rarely accurate and adequate for controlling the dynamics around these UPOs . +1 We present an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array ( ALMA ) Cycle 0 survey of 126 submillimeter sources from the LABOCA ECDFS Submillimeter Survey ( LESS ) . Our 870 micron survey with ALMA ( ALESS ) has produced maps ~3X deeper and with a beam area ~200X smaller than the original LESS observations , doubling the current number of interferometrically-observed submillimeter sources . +0 Despite the non-compact nature of the SO ( 2n,1 ) , the classical action and Hamiltonian are positive definite . Conformally invariant sigma models in $ D=2n $ dimensions with target non-compact SO ( 2n,1 ) groups are reviewed . +1 These measures are of paramount importance when considering vulnerabilities and causation in civil litigation . Banks must meet certain standards in order to ensure a safe and secure banking environment for their customers . +1 We determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for two such irreducible Virasoro modules to be isomorphic . Many examples for such irreducible Virasoro modules with different features are provided at the end of the paper . +0 We speculate that magnetic fields amplified in such extreme conditions might lead to the formation of massive bipolar outflows that can remove most of the disk 's energy and angular momentum . By examining the possible activity of the magnetic fields of accretion disks we conclude that indeed main sequence stars might accrete mass at very high rates , up to ~0.01 Mo/yr for solar type stars , and up to ~1 Mo/yr for very massive stars . +1 From the first epoch observations of the VVDS up to z=1.5 we have derived luminosity functions ( LF ) of different spectral type galaxies . The VVDS data , covering ~70 % of the life of the Universe , allow for the first time to study from the same sample and with good statistical accuracy the evolution of the LFs by galaxy type in several rest frame bands from a purely magnitude selected sample . +1 When a time-dependent magnetic flux ( TDMF ) is applied to one of the qubits , a well-chosen frequency of the TDMF can be used to compensate the initial detuning and to couple two qubits . This proposed method avoids fast changes of either qubit frequencies or the amplitudes of the bias magnetic fluxes through the qubit loops , and also offers a remarkable way to implement any logic gate as well as tomographically measure flux qubit states . +1 Theory predicts there should be an odd number of images but , paradoxically , almost all observed lenses have 2 or 4 images . The missing image should be faint and appear near the galaxy 's center . +1 Let $ \kappa ( p ) $ be the free energy at the zero field . We show that $ $ |\kappa '' ' ( p ) | \leq |p-p_c|^ { -1/3+o ( 1 ) } \mbox { if } p \neq p_c. $ $ Furthermore , we show that there is a sequence $ \epsilon_n \downarrow 0 $ such that $ $ \kappa '' ' ( p_c+\epsilon_n ) \leq -\epsilon_n^ { -1/3+o ( 1 ) } \mbox { and } \kappa '' ' ( p_c-\epsilon_n ) \geq \epsilon_n^ { -1/3+o ( 1 ) } . +0 The energy and magnetization of the S = 1/2 XY ferromagnet have been computed on these bcc lattices in the lowest states for $ S_z $ = 0 , 1/2 , 1 and 3/2 . In Appendix A are lists of some 260 distinct and useful bcc lattices of 9 to 32 vertices . +0 For a subcritical initial state , R ( t ) \sim t^ { -\theta } , where the persistence exponent \theta can be expressed in terms of a known universal exponent . For 1 and 2 dimensions , it is found that the decay of R ( t ) depends on one of two classes of initial configuration . +1 In this paper , we give a new model for quantization based 'cell mapping ' concept . This cell model could clearly describe the global dynamics of quantized digital system . +1 We evaluate two-loop b - & gt ; s gamma matrix elements of all the four-quark operators containing no derivatives . Contrary to previous calculations , no expansion in the mass ratio mc/mb is performed , and all the possible Dirac and flavor structures are included . +0 It is so-called because it represents the system being observed as a set of points in a suitably-defined state space , thus providing a natural way of incorporating our prior knowledge of the compact nature of the targets of interest . We have developed the Point Process Algorithm ( PPA ) , a Bayesian technique for extracting planetary signals using the sine-chopped outputs of a dual nulling interferometer . +0 The SNR is in seen projection against ( and appears to be interacting with ) the bright HII region NGC592 . We present and interpret new X-ray data for M33SNR21 , the brightest X-ray supernova remnant ( SNR ) in M33 . +0 To be more discriminative , the coarse saliency map is further enhanced into the posterior probability map within Bayesian perspective . After that , a coarse saliency map is obtained by integrating the four adjusted Mahalanobis distance maps , each of which is formed by the distances between all the patches and background in the corresponding SBD . +1 Like grand unification of old , string unification predicts simple tree-level relations between the couplings of all unbroken gauge groups such as $ SU ( 3 ) _C $ or $ SU ( 2 ) _W\ ) $ . I show here how to compute one-loop corrections to these relations for any four-dimensional model based on a classical vacuum of the heterotic string . +1 We present high-quality UBVRIz , as well as adaptive optics JHK_sL ' photometry , achieved under excellent conditions with the FORS1 and NAOS/CONICA instruments at the VLT . We combine these data with re-analyzed archival Spitzer Space Telescope data to construct a SED for the pulsar , and quantify the contamination from the knot . +0 We also prove that \binom { p^qn+1 } { n } , p^q & lt ; =99999 , is squarefree for n sufficiently large ( explicit ) , and with the help of the generalized Catalan numbers we find the set of possible exceptions . As a byproduct we settle a question of Hough and the late Simion on the divisibility of the 4-Catalan numbers . +0 No statistically significant excess was seen . The search is performed by looking for an excess of high energy muon neutrinos from WIMP annihilations in the Sun , the core of the Earth , and the Galactic Center , as compared to the number expected from the atmospheric neutrino background . +0 We match the galaxies in total stellar mass , redshift , and local density to a set of 10 control galaxies per pair galaxy . The galaxy pairs are selected to have velocity differences & lt ; 300 km/s , projected separations ( rp ) & lt ; 80 kpc/h , mass ratios between 0.1 and 10 , and robust measurements of star formation rates and gas-phase metallicities . +1 We evaluate the LHC discovery potential in the light of flavor physics , in the single-Higgs production channel and in association with a hard jet for small and moderate values of tan beta . Thoroughly examining current flavor constraints we find that non-minimal flavor structures can have a sizeable impact , but tend to predict moderate production rates . +0 I also give a lower bound for the area of an apparent horizon , and hence a lower bound for the entropy in terms of the same function $ |Z ( Q , P ) | $ . We also show how the method gives a lower bound for for the mass of time-symmetric initial data sets for black holes with vectors and scalars in terms of the mass , $ |Z ( Q , P ) | $ of the double extreme black hole with the same charges . +0 They naturally appear in the study of many complex dynamical systems , particularly those obeying nonextensive statistical mechanics , a current generalization of the Boltzmann-Gibbs theory . Escort mean values ( or $ q $ -moments ) constitute useful theoretical tools for describing basic features of some probability densities such as those which asymptotically decay like { \it power laws } . +0 We find exact solutions , i.e. , regular AdS solution for $ k=1 $ and a massless black hole solution for $ k=-1 $ . The system has some scaling symmetries which are used in our analysis of the solutions . +1 Here we analyze the kinematics of dual cascade decays with missing energy resulting from a stable non-interacting new particle state at the bottom of the decay chain . We find that if the final step of the decay chain involves a metastable particle , the resulting presence of displaced tracks provides strong constraints with which to solve for the unknown kinematic quantities lost through missing energy . +0 This results in a particularly strong enhancement of the detected spin signal in a region of increased differential resistance . We find that the spin signal detected in the 3T configuration is dominated by a bias-dependent spin detection sensitivity , which in turn is strongly correlated with charge-transport properties of the junction . +0 Mel'nikov and Steinberg [ L. S. Mel'nikov , R. Steinberg , One counterexample for two conjectures on three coloring , Discrete Math . A uniquely $ k $ -colorable graph $ G $ is edge-critical if $ G-e $ is not a uniquely $ k $ -colorable graph for any edge $ e\in E ( G ) $ . +1 The three-dimensional Newtonian equations of hydrodynamics are integrated by the `Piecewise Parabolic Method ' However , we do include the effects of the emission of gravitational waves on the hydrodynamics . The properties of neutron star matter are described by the equation of state of Lattimer & amp ; Swesty . +1 In the present paper , we extend the results to the case of an evaluation of quantum spin networks of arbitrary valency at a fixed root of unity . As in the classical case , our proofs use the theory of $ G $ -functions of Andr\'e , together with some new results concerning holonomic and $ q $ -holonomic sequences of Wilf-Zeilberger . +1 Two important issues in quantum cosmology -- the problem of time and the role of boundary conditions -- are discussed at some length . Finally , I discuss how classical spacetime can be recovered as an approximate notion . +0 SKA Phase 1 intensity mapping surveys can achieve sub-1\ % measurements of $ f\sigma_8 $ out to $ z\approx 1 $ , with an SKA1-MID Band 2 survey out to $ z \lesssim 0.6 $ able to surpass contemporary spectroscopic galaxy surveys such as DESI and Euclid in terms of constraints on modified gravity parameters if challenges such as foreground contamination can be tackled effectively . I present forecasts for the ability of a suite of possible SKA HI surveys to detect deviations from GR by reconstructing the cosmic expansion and growth history . +0 Duncan and Steingr\ ' { \i } msson have shown that the ascent statistic has the same distribution over $ \cA_n ( 021 ) $ as over $ S_n ( 132 ) $ . Similarly , we let $ S_ { n } ( \tau ) $ be the set of $ \tau $ -avoiding permutations in the symmetric group $ S_ { n } $ . +1 We estimate the time delay from the light curves using three different techniques : the chi-squared analysis of Press , Rybicki , & amp ; Hewitt ( 1992a , b ) , the dispersion analysis of Pelt et al . ( 1994 , 1996 ) , and the locally normalized discrete correlation function of Leh\'ar et al . ( 1992 ) . +0 After 1994 amoebas have been seen and studied in several areas of mathematics , from algebraic geometry and topology to complex analysis and combinatorics . Some traces of amoebas were appearing from time to time , even before the formal introduction , as auxiliary tools in several problems . +1 There exist 6 kinds of orientational domains , which are related with a permutation or a mirror symmetry . Interdomain walls are found to be rather narrow . +0 Correspondingly , large rates for the $ H\to \gamma\bar \gamma $ decay become plausible , giving rise to one monochromatic photon with $ E^ { \gamma } \simeq m_H/2 $ ( i.e. , more than twice the photon energy in the rare standard-model decay $ H\to \gamma Z\to\gamma\bar\nu\nu $ ) , and a similar amount of missing energy . Motivated by dark-photon $ \bar { \gamma } $ scenarios extensively considered in the literature , we explore experimentally allowed models where the Higgs boson coupling to photon and dark photon $ H\gamma\bar { \gamma } $ can be enhanced . +0 There is a torus H that acts naturally on the quantum grassmannian and the cell decomposition of the set of H-primes leads to a parameterisation of the H-spectrum via certain diagrams on partitions associated to the Schubert cells . As a consequence , we show that all primes are completely prime in the generic case where the deformation parameter q is not a root of unity . +0 The backscattering barrier is found selective for choice of exchange-functional approximation . We show that the functional vdW-DF2 gives a potential-energy curve , potential-well energy levels , and difference in lateral corrugation promisingly close to the results obtained by resonant elastic backscattering-diffraction experiments . +1 The complexity of this algorithm is adaptive because the algorithm makes decisions based on local data . The complexity analysis of adaptive algorithms ( and this algorithm in particular ) is a new challenge for computer science . +1 $ \Lambda $ CDM cosmology without cosmological constant . As a rule , such modified gravities are expressed implicitly ( in terms of special functions ) with late-time asymptotics of known type ( for instance , the model with negative and positive powers of curvature ) . +1 There are several dynamical features that can be identified in these simulations ; for supersonic galaxy motion , a leading bow-shock is present , and also a weak gravitationally focussed wake or tail behind the galaxy ( analogous to Bondi-Hoyle accretion ) . For galaxies with higher mass-replenishment rates and a denser interstellar medium ( ISM ) , the dominant feature is a dense ram-pressure stripped tail . +0 In this document , a more detailed analysis of these two effects is carried out and summarised . The latter seems to depend on the hour angle of the observation . +0 We employ the effective operator formalism to provide a quasi-model-independent theoretical description of the signal , and present the reach of the ILC in terms of the scale \Lambda suppressing the dark matter-electron coupling operator . We estimate the sensitivity of this search at the proposed International Linear Collider ( ILC ) , under a variety of run scenarios . +0 The concepts of a conditional state and of retrospective apparent ideal occurrence are discussed in the conventional interpretation of quantum mechanics . Analyzing two standard preparators , the Stern-Gerlach and the hole-in-the-screen ones , it is demonstrated that four entities are the basic ingredients of the theory : the composite-system preparator-plus-object state ( coming about as a result of a suitable interaction between the subsystems ) , a suitable preparator observable , one of its characteristic projectors called the triggering event , and , finally , the conditional object state corresponding to the occurrence of the triggering event . +0 We describe the implementation details and the setup used in the experimental study of the amplifier . To validate our theory we compare the analytical results with experimental data obtained in an analog circuit . +0 The resulting secret-key involves contributions of both channel sequences and source sequences , with the contribution of the latter becoming dominant as the coherence period increases . We propose a two-phase transmission scheme , that reserves a certain portion of each coherence block for channel estimation , and the remainder of the coherence block for correlated source generation . +1 We detect the second known lambda Bootis star ( HD 54272 ) which exhibits gamma Doradus-type pulsations . The star was formerly misidentified as a RR Lyrae variable . +0 Cosmic strings are a particularly interesting alternate source to constrain . The same data put tight limits on other sources of anisotropy . +1 For quadratics , the we prove that this recursive structure is equivalent to a Diophantine identity involving the product of two binary quadratic forms . We show that this identity may be transformed into geometric terms , relating each integer factorization $ an^2+bn+c=pq $ to a lattice point of the conic section $ aX^2+bXY+cY^2+X-nY=0 $ , and vice versa . +0 The simulations have been made in the interval -6 & lt ; =D & lt ; =6 for J=1 for the square lattices with periodic boundary conditions . The mixed spin 3- spin 3/2 Ising model has been simulated using cooling algorithm on cellular automaton ( CA ) . +0 The northern bipolar outflow extends along the southeast ( redshifted , with a velocity up to ~23 km/s ) and northwest ( blueshifted , velocity up to ~30 km/s ) directions , while the southern pair has an orientation from southwest ( blueshifted , velocity up to 13 km/s ) to northeast ( redshifted , velocity up to ~41 km/s ) . The two outflows are nearly perpendicular to each other , showing a quadrupolar morphology . +0 The electron phase coherence displayed in this QWis of unprecedented quality because ofa homogenous interface phase shift due to the small lattice mismatch at the Fe/MgAlOx interface . In the present study we show evidence of QW resonance states in Fe QW up to12 nmthick and at room temperature in fully epitaxial doubleMgAlOxbarrier magnetic tunnel junctions . +1 Doing that , they considerably reduce computation times . However , because of the largeness of space , the execution time remains usually polynomial in time . +1 The stepping motion that occurs within a relatively short time scale ( ~100 microsec ) is , however , beyond the resolution of current experiments , therefore a basic understanding to the real-time dynamics within the 8-nm step is still lacking . For instance , the rate of power stroke ( or conformational change ) , that leads to the undocked-to-docked transition of neck-linker , is not known , and the existence of a substep during the 8-nm step still remains a controversial issue in the kinesin community . +1 We use the shape of the luminosity function to test the statistical isotropy of the underlying galaxy distribution . The parametric estimator shows some evidence of a hemispherical asymmetry in the north/south Galactic plane . +0 Equivalently , ( claw , diamond ) -free graphs can be characterized as line graphs of triangle-free graphs , or as linear dominoes , i.e. , graphs in which every vertex is in at most two maximal cliques and every edge is in exactly one maximal clique . A graph is called ( claw , diamond ) -free if it contains neither a claw ( a $ K_ { 1,3 } $ ) nor a diamond ( a $ K_4 $ with an edge removed ) as an induced subgraph . +0 We show that a relativistic Hamiltonian which generates Einstein geodesics , with the addition of a world scalar field , can be put into correspondence with another Hamiltonian with conformally modified metric . This method can be applied to a four dimensional manifold of orbits in spacetime associated with a relativistic system . +0 This was thought to cause an erratic climate and expose life forms to flares of ionizing radiation . Early considerations indicated that conditions on RD planets would be inimical to life , as their Habitable Zones ( where liquid water could exist ) would be so close as to make planets tidally locked to their star . +1 Our study concentrates on clean intrinsic graphene , where the spin-orbit coupling from the adatoms can be neglected . We discuss the effect of the electron-electron Coulomb interaction on spin relaxation under various conditions . +1 The phase diagram of the system and the critical values of the parameters are worked out . It is shown that the sign of the detuning plays an important role and that there is a strong suppression of the Mott transition in the case of blue detuning . +0 Analyzing this X-ray monitoring dataset , the largest to date for this source , we report on the variability of the orbital profile and the spectral distribution , and provide strong evidence for an anti-correlation between flux and spectral index ( the higher the flux , the harder the spectral index ) . The data set covers 42 contiguous cycles of the system orbital motion . +0 The latter can be applied to Bousfield-Salvatore spectral sequence converging to the homology of the space of framed long knots . The second one is defined on the Hochschild homology associated with a cyclic , multiplicative operad of graded modules . +1 In a single-molecule junction , these degeneracies are lifted by various symmetry-breaking effects . We study quantum transport through such nanostructures with an almost degenerate spectrum . +1 Here , for the first time , we propose and experimentally demonstrated bilayer structure to achieve simultaneously independent manipulation of multi-physics field ( dc electric fields and thermal ) by directly solving the dc electric/ thermal field equations . This structure is composed of two layers : the outer layer is made of isotropic and homogeneous material , while the inner layer is fan-shape layer . +0 Elements with first ionization potential below about 10 eV , i.e.those that are predominantly ionized in the chromosphere , are enriched in the corona by a factor 3-4 . We revisit in more detail a model for element abundance fractionation in the solar chromosphere , that gives rise to the `` FIP Effect '' in the solar corona and wind . +1 We present a passively mode-locked , tunable soliton Ho : fiber ring oscillator , optimized for seeding of Ho : YLF amplifiers . The oscillator is independently tunable in central wavelength and spectral width from 2040 nm to 2070 nm and from 5 nm to 10 nm , respectively . +0 In this work , we are not restricting our efforts in studying whether any specific estimator is resilient to the attack or not , but instead we aim to present the generic sufficient and necessary conditions for resilience by considering a general class of convex optimization based estimators . The classical estimators such as the least squares estimator may not provide a reliable estimate under the so-called ( p , m ) -sparse attack . +0 We define a new , related link homology which is finite dimensional , extends to tangles , and categorifies a scalar-multiple of the sl ( 2 ) Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant . We construct an action of a polynomial ring on the colored sl ( 2 ) link homology of Cooper-Krushkal , over which this homology is finitely generated . +1 Then we hire temporal ( 1D ) convolutional neural network to learn hidden feature representations . Finally , we use Multilayer Perceptron ( MLP ) to predict event spans . +0 These themes all tie together as a set of practical skills in scientific measurement , analysis , and experimentation . In a recent report , the American Association of Physics Teachers has developed an updated set of recommendations for curriculum of undergraduate physics labs.1 This document focuses on six major themes : constructing knowledge , modeling , designing experiments , developing technical and practical laboratory skills , analyzing and visualizing data , and communicating physics . +1 Analytical estimates of the number density of dark matter halos are useful in modeling several cosmological phenomena . We use the excursion set formalism for computing the formation rate of dark matter halos . +0 We find that we can explain the observed properties , such as the period and field distributions and the Period - Period derivative diagram , if we suitably parametrise the time evolution of the anomalous X-ray luminosity as an exponentially decaying function of time . We assume that the anomalous X-ray emission is caused by the decay of a toroidal or tangled up field that does not partake in the spin down of the star . +1 Having in mind the large-scale analysis of gene regulatory networks , we review a graph decimation algorithm , called `` leaf-removal '' , which can be used to evaluate the feedback in a random graph ensemble . In doing this , we consider the possibility of analyzing networks where the diagonal of the adjacency matrix is structured , that is , has a fixed number of nonzero entries . +1 Observations of T $ _C $ & lt ; T $ _ { C0 } $ in the comparatively more disordered { \alpha } -A $ _x $ ( S ) $ _y $ TiNX compounds are modeled as pair-breaking by remote Coulomb scattering from the A $ _x $ cations , which attenuates exponentially with increasing { \zeta } . The T $ _ { C0 } $ values calculated for nine A $ _x $ ( S ) $ _y $ MNCl compounds , shown to be optimal , agree with the measured T $ _C $ to within experimental error . +0 Interestingly , this new source class might be related to new fundamental particle physics , and specifically to pair-annihilation or decay of galactic dark matter . I will argue that recent cosmic-ray data , most notably from the Pamela and Fermi satellites , indicate that previously unaccounted-for powerful sources in the Galaxy inject high-energy electrons and positrons . +1 We consider a simple model for the geminate electron-hole separation process in organic photovoltaic cells , in order to illustrate the influence of dimensionality of conducting channels on the efficiency of the process . The Miller-Abrahams expression for the transition rates between nearest neighbor sites was used for simulating random walks of the electron in the Coulomb field of the hole . +1 The Hamiltonian microscopic dynamics also exhibits critical slowing down close to the transition . Moreover , the relationship between chaos and the phase transition is considered , and interpreted in the light of a geometrization of dynamics . +0 However , the incorporation of three dimensional fractional supersymmetry in this framework needs some care . It is then shown that all known examples of fractional supersymmetry can be understood in this formulation . +1 Particularly interesting is that such a high temperature superconductivity occurs in a single-layer FeSe system that is considered as a key building block of the Fe-based superconductors . Understanding the origin of high temperature superconductivity in such a strictly two-dimensional FeSe system is crucial to understanding the superconductivity mechanism in Fe-based superconductors in particular , and providing key insights on how to achieve high temperature superconductivity in general . +1 We present a new method for implicit adaptive time-stepping on adaptive mesh refinement-grids . We implement it in the radiation hydrodynamics solver we designed for the RAMSES code for astrophysical purposes and , more particularly , for protostellar collapse . +0 The wave function of the nucleon quarks are determined using the variation method and relevant boundary conditions are applied to calculate the deep inelastic cross sections of the virtual diagram . At the second vertex , a strong color field is assumed to play the role of particle production , which depend on the momentum transferred from the first vertex . +0 First , we identify a large class of quantum Hamiltonians describing systems of qubits for which the adiabatic evolution can be efficiently simulated on a classical probabilistic computer . Our results are twofold . +0 This nonthermal component may be due to turbulence stirred by residual bulk motions of extragalactic gas infalling into the cluster . Such findings can be interpreted as an evidence for an additional nonthermal pressure in the outskirts of these clusters . +1 A new parallel , computationally efficient immersed boundary method for solving three-dimensional , viscous , incompressible flows on unbounded domains is presented . Immersed surfaces with prescribed motions are generated using the interpolation and regularization operators obtained from the discrete delta function approach of the original ( Peskin 's ) immersed boundary method . +0 Using a uniform detection threshold of 1.4 x 10^ { -18 } erg s^ { -1 } cm^ { -2 } arcsec^ { -2 } for the Ly-alpha images , we construct a sample of 14 LAB candidates with major-axis diameters larger than 100 kpc , including five previously known blobs and two known quasars . The total survey area is 2.1 square degrees , corresponding to a comoving volume of 1.6 x 10^6 Mpc^3 . +0 We demonstrate that the optical properties ( i.e.light absorption ) of nonspherical structures are dictated by the eigenvalue of the structure 's leaky modes . Here we elucidate the general fundamentals of optical resonances in nonspherical subwavelength dielectric structures of different shapes ( rectangular or triangular ) and dimensionalities ( 1D nanowires and 0D nanoparticles ) . +0 A new bond counting approach is used , which reduces the problem to the lattice point problem of number theory . The energy of a deformed crystal is calculated in the context of a lattice model with general binary interactions in two dimensions . +0 The latter are very naturally expressed in terms of the $ L $ -matrices appearing in the Lax pair for the Toeplitz lattice equations . In this paper , we take the Toeplitz and Virasoro approach for a fairly large class of symbols , leading to a systematic and simple way of generating such recursion relations . +0 Observations of cataclysmic variables in globular clusters appear to show a dearth of outbursts compared to those observed in the field . Context . +1 The behavior of the electronic stopping power versus projectile velocity displays an effective threshold velocity of ~0.2 a.u . for the proton , consistent with recent experimental observations , and also for the antiproton . +0 As an example , we discuss their applications to remote entanglement distributions ( RED ) such as entanglement swapping and remote preparation of bipartite entangled states ( RPBES ) . We then show that the concurrence monotones provide bounds on quantum information tasks . +1 For the index 1 saddle case the stable and unstable manifolds of the NHIM are co-dimension one in the energy surface , and act as conduits for reacting trajectories in phase space . The situation for index 2 saddles is quite different . +1 A fit to the infrared coronal lines places strong constraints on the properties of the unseen ionising source . We find the best fit comes from using a 220,000 K hydrogen-deficient central star model atmosphere , indicating that the central star of this PN may have undergone a late thermal pulse . +1 Using a backward separation method with a decomposition technique , two optimality conditions and two coupled forward-backward optimal filters are derived . Several linear-quadratic optimal control problems for mean-field forward-backward stochastic differential equations are studied . +1 The self-calibration method exploits the theoretical fact that the $ EB $ and $ TB $ cross-spectra of the CMB vanish in the standard cosmological model , so any detected $ EB $ and $ TB $ signals must be due to systematic errors . However , this assumption neglects the fact that polarized Galactic foregrounds in a given portion of the sky may have non-zero $ EB $ and $ TB $ cross-spectra . +1 To test for the maximal effect , we also investigate a gluonic medium in the limit of an asymptotically strong anisotropy . The spectral function of quarkonium is calculated for this case and found to be in remarkable agreement with the corresponding results for an isotropic medium . +0 In vitro results show that all sizes of the PEG-coated gold nanoparticles can cause a significant decrease in cancer cell survival after gamma radiation . Herein , we perform in vitro and in vivo radiosensitization studies of 4.8 , 12.1 , 27.3 , and 46.6 nm PEG-coated gold nanoparticles . +1 One of these modes undergoes an Ising transition by spontaneously breaking the sublattice symmetry . We calculate the critical point , the renormalization of the phonon frequency and the average lattice distortion . +1 The Cherenkov Telescope Array ( CTA ) is the next generation of ground-based very high energy gamma-ray instruments and is planned to be built on two sites ( one in each hemisphere ) in the coming years , with full array operation foreseen to begin 2020 . The goal of performing high precision gamma-ray energy measurements while maximizing the use of observation time demands detailed and fast information about atmospheric conditions . +0 Observations include : broad-band optical and near infra-red photometry , simultaneous optical and ultraviolet ( IUE ) spectroscopy , X-ray ( Ginga ) and radio ( VLA ) data . We review the results of the 1988 multi-wavelength campaign on the late-type eclipsing binary YY Geminorum . +1 The factorization proof is not trivial because various kinds of divergences are intertwined in the collinear and soft parts at high orders . We prescribe a method to disentangle the divergences in the framework of the soft-collinear effective theory . +0 These sentences together form an MA language . Interpret those sentences whose G\ '' odel numbers are in $ U $ as true , and their negations as false . +1 We study spin $ \frac12 $ hadronic states in quenched lattice QCD to search for a possible $ S=+1 $ pentaquark resonance . Simulations are carried out on $ 8^3\times 24 $ , $ 10^3\times 24 $ , $ 12^3\times 24 $ and $ 16^3\times 24 $ lattices at $ \beta $ =5.7 at the quenched level with the standard plaquette gauge action and the Wilson quark action . +0 Notion of `` self-consistent '' phonons is introduced , speed of which depends on temperature and is determined from non-linear equation . Self-consistent approach for interacting phonons description in lattice , which generalized Debye model , is proposed . +1 UV radiation from white dwarfs can efficiently clear Galactic globular clusters ( GCs ) of their intra-cluster medium ( ICM ) . This solves the problem of the missing ICM in clusters , which is otherwise expected to build up to easily observable quantities . +1 In contrast , A-terms receive highly suppressed gravity mediated contributions . Under certain conditions , the same conclusion is valid for gaugino masses , which like A-terms , are then determined by anomalies . +1 Although the guide is red-detuned , the optical scattering rate at this detuning ( $ \approx $ 70 GHz ) is acceptably low . For lower detuning ( $ & lt ; $ 30 GHz ) a larger fraction was guided but radiation pressure starts to push the atoms upward , effectively lowering the acceleration due to gravity . +0 In particular , I identify a gauge invariance in the theory , whereby the energies associated to strain-gradient elasticity and flexoelectrically induced electric fields are individually reference-dependent , and only when summed up they yield a well-defined result . Here I show , based on a first-principles lattice-dynamical analysis , that their relationship is much more intimate than previously thought , and their consistent simultaneous treatment is crucial for obtaining correct physical answers . +0 A simple way to achieve this is to have an intermittent central power source , producing shells of plasma with different bulk Lorentz factors . The radiation observed by blazars is believed to originate from the transformation of bulk kinetic energy of relativistic jets into random energy . +1 Two approaches are used . The first one is based on Harris theorem , and the second on Doeblin 's coupling argument . +1 By reinvestigating this small $ \tan\beta $ region , we find that the indirect constraints like $ \Delta\rho $ , $ b\to s \gamma $ , $ \Delta M_ { B_d } $ , $ R_b $ , $ \epsilon_K $ , and the perturbativity of running top Yukawa coupling are rather weak to be $ \tan\beta & gt ; 0.5 $ . The current heavy Higgs search results are shown to put more significant bounds . +0 However , it is important to consider the sampling techniques and their relative accuracy when applied to different traffic patterns . Even though this sampling may not be significant for some statistics , such as packet rate , others can be severely distorted . +1 An estimate of the increase in anisotropy expected from initial-geometry modification due to gluon saturation effects and initial-geometry fluctuations is insufficient to account for this discrepancy . Calculations which implement a path length dependence steeper than what is implied by current pQCD energy-loss models , show reasonable agreement with the data . +0 While we identify several scenarios which could lead to such a gamma-ray line , these models are each fairly constrained . In this article , we take a model-independent approach , and discuss a number of possibilities for dark matter candidates which could potentially generate such a feature . +1 An important role in this paper is played by a class of noncommutative cones associated with positive linear maps , the Fourier type representation of their elements , and the constrained noncommutative Berezin transforms associated with these elements . It is shown that there is a intimate relation between the similarity problems and the existence of positive invertible elements in these noncommutative cones and the corresponding Berezin kernels . +0 This formula also holds for the digraph Laplace operator . Namely , $ \mathbb { G } ( i , j ) = \pi_j \left ( \sum_ { k \in V } \pi_k H ( k , j ) - H ( i , j ) \right ) $ where $ \pi_i $ is the stationary distribution at vertex $ i $ and $ H ( i , j ) $ is the expected hitting time for a random walk starting from vertex $ i $ to first reach vertex $ j $ . +1 This paper establishes the equivalence of a deformed theory with that in a nearby state space in the bundle via a connection that defines maps between nearby state spaces . We find that an appropriate connection for establishing equivalence is one that arose in a recent paper by Kugo and Zwiebach . +0 Its orthogonal projection defines the dual mean extrinsic curvature . We define the mean extrinsic curvature for spaces with Minkowski signature and introduce the concept of mean torsion . +0 In terms of bit complexity , instead of arithmetic , we only have extra logarithmic factors . The new algorithm requires no preprocessing , still it has linear complexity on average . +1 The gamma-ray emission from galaxy clusters hosting active galaxies is a complex combination of diffuse and point-like emission with different spectral and spatial properties . We discuss the case of the Perseus cluster containing the radio-galaxy NGC 1275 that has been detected as a bright gamma-ray source by the Fermi-LAT experiment . +0 In particular , not-for-profit dial-a-ride services with coordinated drivers significantly differ from profit-motivated taxi services with uncoordinated drivers . However , not all on-demand transport services are equal . +0 Refuting a conjecture of Erdos , Thomason ( 1997 ) constructed graphs with a small density of both 4-cliques and 4-anticliques . Thus , the inducibility of the 4-path was addressed in a construction of Exoo ( 1986 ) , but remains unknown . +0 The $ q\bar q $ -separations are evaluated and the $ e^+e^- $ decay widths are estimated with the help of relativistic modification of the Van Royen-Weisskopf formula . The dependence of the quasi-Coulombic potential strength on the interaction distance are consistent with the QCD-motivated behaviour . +1 To reproduce this feature , we propose an adaptive network model driven by social recommending . Artificial agent-based simulations of this model highlight a `` good get richer '' mechanism where users with broad interests and good judgments are likely to become popular leaders for the others . +0 This molecular crystal presented a direct and large electronic bandgap and a bulk modulus of 20 GPa . Additionally , a hypothetical molecular crystal in a zincblende structure , involving the pair tetra-bora-adamantane and tetra-aza-adamantane , was investigated . +0 The average 3 sigma noise level of the survey is 15 mJy for a 0.42 km/s channel , corresponding to a detection threshold of ~0.1 solar luminosities for the isotropic maser luminosity at a distance of 25 Mpc . A sample of 12 galaxies with Dec & lt ; -30 degree and S ( 100 micron ) & gt ; 50 Jy was observed with the 70-m telescope of the Canberra Deep Space Communication Complex ( CDSCC ) at Tidbinbilla ( Australia ) in a search for water maser emission . +0 Such modes manifest themselves in chiral dissipationless edge currents , which we exhibit and investigate in the context of our construction . Such a superconductor is expected to be topological , thereby supporting topologically protected gapless Majorana-Weyl edge modes . +0 More specifically , the focus of this paper is on the additive exponential noise ( AEN ) channel , and lossy compression of exponential sources . A general method of coding over expansion is proposed , which allows one to reduce the highly non-trivial problems of coding over analog channels and compressing analog sources to a set of much simpler subproblems , coding over discrete channels and compressing discrete sources . +1 As many of these planets follow eccentric orbits and are believed to host dense atmospheres , we expect the equilibrium rotation to differ from the synchronous motion . Here we provide a general description of the allowed final equilibrium rotation states of these planets , and apply this to already discovered cases in which the mass is lower than twelve Earth-masses . +0 We present a generic method , based on the uniform approximation , to analytically derive the primordial power spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations . In this situation , the standard slow-roll approach used to determine the behavior of the primordial cosmological perturbations can not longer be used . +0 From the descent lemma one can prove Dickson 's lemma , then guess what the bound might be , and verify it by an appropriate proof . The combinatorics is based on the finite pigeon hole principle and results in a descent lemma . +1 The cold dark matter ( CDM ) cosmology , which is the standard theory of the structure formation in the universe , predicts that the outer density profile of dark matter halos decreases with the cube of distance from the center . However , so far not much effort has examined this hypothesis . +1 We analyse two cases of the minimal extension of the Standard Model when one or two right-handed fields are added to the three left-handed fields . A second Higgs doublet ( two Higgs doublet model - 2HDM ) is included in our model . +0 The effective evolution Hamiltonian for the flavor neutrino and the corresponding oscillation probability are derived . Explicit expressions for the effective neutrino diagonal and transition magnetic moments for the flavor basis in terms of these values for the mass states are obtained . +0 The group of scale transformations is replaced by the groupoid of changes of cellular decompositions . Cellular decompositions play the role of discretizations . +0 The damped oscillations with periods in the range 8.8-14.9 min were detected and analyzed recently . Observations on 2011 August 9 of an X6.9-class flare in active region ( AR ) 11263 by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly ( AIA ) on-board the Solar Dynamics Observatory ( SDO ) , were followed by a rare detection of vertical kink oscillations in a large-scale coronal active region plasma curtain in EUV coronal lines . +1 The Polyakov-loop extended Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio ( PNJL ) model has the same properties as two-color QCD for $ { \cal C } { \mathbb Z } _ { 2 } $ symmetry and the pseudo-reality . The nontrivial correlation between the chiral restoration and the deconfinement are investigated by introducing the entanglement vertex in the PNJL model . +1 Here , we perform a theoretical and experimental investigation of the magnetoimpedance effect for the thin film geometry in a wide frequency range . We calculate the longitudinal magnetoimpedance for single layered , multilayered or exchange biased systems from an approach that considers a magnetic permeability model for planar geometry and the appropriate magnetic free energy density for each structure . +0 It is shown that the nonvanishing states in both systems are described by $ N $ or $ M $ Young diagrams with the rows of boxes appropriately shuffled . We study the level-rank duality between minimal models , which is a special example of the automorphism . +0 In a first part we consider problems of optimal stopping under drift ambiguity for one-dimensional diffusion processes . In this paper we consider stochastic optimization problems for an ambiguity averse decision maker who is uncertain about the parameters of the underlying process . +0 A two-dimensional scan of the phase diagram will be performed by varying the energy ( 13A-158A GeV ) and system size ( p+p , Be+Be , Ar+Ca , Xe+La ) of collisions . In particular , we plan to study the properties of the onset of deconfinement and to search for the signatures of the critical point . +0 These two soluble quantum-mechanical systems defined by power-law potentials provide examples of how the form of the potential ( both parity and continuity properties ) affects the convergence of quantum-mechanical sum rules . We also consider the parity-restricted version of the harmonic oscillator and find completely new classes of mathematical relations , unrleated to those of the ordinary oscillator problem . +1 Construction of a color-magnitude diagram and isochrone fitting yields an age of tau = 100 000 000 yrs , a reddening E ( B-V ) = 0.1 and a distance modulus of 18.4 mag . Our data covers the mass range 0.75 & lt ; m & lt ; 5.1 solar masses . +1 The resulting renormalized EMT is covariantly conserved and agrees with the Allen-Folacci result in the de Sitter limit , when the expansion is exactly linearly exponential in time . We analytically show that the EMT tensor of the inflaton fluctuations grows initially in time , but saturates to the value H^2 H ( 0 ) ^2 , where H is the Hubble parameter and H ( 0 ) is its value when inflation has started . +1 We prove an analogue of the Lefschetz ( 1,1 ) Theorem characterizing cohomology classes of Cartier divisors ( or equivalently first Chern classes of line bundles ) in the second integral cohomology . Let $ X $ be a normal complex projective variety . +1 Results : We propose and implement KDETREES , a nonparametric method of estimating distributions of phylogenetic trees , with the goal of identifying trees which are significantly different from the rest of the trees in the sample . Our method compares favorably with a similar recently-published method , featuring an improvement of one polynomial order of computational complexity ( to quadratic in the number of trees analyzed ) , with simulation studies suggesting only a small penalty to classification accuracy . +1 We use multi-scale SPH simulations to follow the inflow of gas from galactic scales to & lt ; 0.1pc , where the gas begins to resemble a traditional Keplerian accretion disk . The key ingredients are gas , stars , black holes ( BHs ) , self-gravity , star formation , and stellar feedback . +1 The spectral energy distribution of the ionizing radiation is taken from appropriate model atmospheres . Both stellar components contribute to the ionization : the `` cool '' one provides the bulk of hydrogen ionization , and the `` hot '' one is responsible for the presence of the most highly charged ions , which explains why previous attempts to model the nebula experienced difficulties . +0 We further construct analytic functions interpolating Heegner points in the anticyclotomic variables , and obtain a version of our formula for them . It generalises previous work of Perrin-Riou , Howard , and the author , to the context of the work of Yuan-Zhang-Zhang on the archimedean Gross-Zagier formula and of Waldspurger on toric periods . +0 For each verb the model creates a Bayesian network whose architecture is determined by the lexical hierarchy of Wordnet and whose parameters are estimated from a list of verb-object pairs found from a corpus . This paper presents a Bayesian model for unsupervised learning of verb selectional preferences . +1 Composition-driven structural transitions in Bi1-xCaxFe1-xMnxO3 ceramics prepared by the tartaric acid modified sol-gel technique have been studied to analyze its effect on the magnetic properties of bismuth ferrite ( BiFeO3 ) . It was observed that the co-substitution of Ca & amp ; Mn at Bi & amp ; Fe sites in BiFeO3 ( BFO ) significantly suppress the impurity phases . +1 One such ideal measure , proposed by Granger himself , calculates the Bhattacharyya distance between the joint probability density function ( pdf ) and the product of marginal pdfs . We call this measure the mutual dependence . +0 Three time scales are involved in the problem and therefore caution is needed to achieve numerical stability for this system . We review the application of the method of adiabatic regularization to the Klein-Gordon and Dirac fields in order to renormalize the expectation value of the current and derive a finite coupled set of ordinary differential equations for the time evolution of the system . +1 Accordingly we prove existence of infinitely many periodic orbits with large period accumulating at the origin . Such periodic orbits bifurcate from resonant finite dimensional invariant tori of the fourth order normal form of the system . +1 We discuss the nature of criticality in the $ \beta^2 = 2 \pi N $ self-dual extention of the sine-Gordon model . This field theory is related to the two-dimensional classical XY model with a N-fold degenerate symmetry-breaking field . +0 the observed 18 and 39 kms $ ^ { { \rm - } { \rm 1 } } $ for the thick and thin disks respectively ) . We find that Globular Clusters could have contributed at most a small fraction of the current vertical energy of the disk , as they could heat the whole disk to { $ \sigma $ } $ _ { z } $ = 5.5kms $ ^ { { \rm - } { \rm 1 } } $ ( c.f . +0 This contrast is in reasonable agreement with experimental data and is sufficient to make identification by an optical microscope possible . The optical contrast $ C $ of a single graphene layer on any of those substrates is determined by calculating the optical properties of a two-dimensional metallic sheet on the surface of a dielectric , which yields values between $ C= $ ~- 1.5 % ( G/TiO $ _2 $ ) and $ C= $ ~- 8.8 % ( G/CaF $ _2 $ ) . +1 We describe the Voevodsky 's category $ DM^ { eff } _ { gm } $ of motives in terms of Suslin complexes of smooth projective varieties . This shows that Voeovodsky 's $ DM_ { gm } $ is anti-equivalent to Hanamura 's one . +0 We found an unabsorbed 0.5-10 keV X-ray flux of 1x10^-13 erg cm-2 s-1 which implies that the source was in quiescence at the time of the optical observations . Time resolved I-band photometry has been obtained with the 4.2 m William Herschel Telescope , while a 3 ks Chandra observation provided contemporaneous X-ray coverage . +0 Via a modified implementation of the NCSA cyberenvironment Data-to-Knowledge , we are able to provide improved classifications for over 100 million stars and galaxies in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey , improved distance measures , and a full exploitation of the simple but powerful k-nearest neighbor algorithm . This is a novel application in the field of astronomy , because we are using such resources for data mining , and not just performing simulations . +1 Observations of high redshift type Ia supernovae ( SNe ) will enable us to probe the structure of galaxy halos and the composition of dark matter . The future prospects for this field are briefly discussed here . +0 We calculate , not the bound states , but the scattering states of this system , and ask how the spin-momentum-locked massless Dirac form of the single-particle Hamiltonian , inherited from the TI surface , affects the cross section for scattering Bogoliubov quasiparticles from the vortex . Prior calculations of the bound states of this system famously revealed a zero-energy state that is its own conjugate , a Majorana fermion bound to the vortex core . +1 They minimize a special uncertainty relation . Like standard coherent states they resolve the identity with a uniform measure . +1 The calculations shown here are a follow-up of the work of Favier et al . ( 2012 ) where the instability developed in a weakly magnetized atmosphere , consisting of a uniform field oriented in a different direction from the unstable layer below . +1 Some observational characteristics in both $ \gamma $ -ray and radio bands , such as the $ \gamma $ -ray emission beams of Crab-like , Vela-like and Geminga-like , can be reproduced by numerical method . It is predicted that the view angle $ \zeta $ should be larger than the inclination angle ( $ \zeta & gt ; \alpha $ ) , otherwise the $ \gamma $ -ray radiation will have little possibility to be observed . +0 In a successful generation , the first scheme resets the system to one instance , while the second scheme halves the number of instances . Both schemes double the number of instances in case a generation ends without finding an improvement . +0 We study the conditions for advertisers , viewers , and the platform to simultaneously benefit from using ad impact on user experience as a criterion for ad selection and pricing . To optimize long-term revenue , a platform can use a combination of advertiser bids and ad impact on user experience to price and allocate ad space . +1 It is shown that bit energy requirement grows without bound as the snr goes to zero , and the minimum bit energy is achieved at a nonzero snr value below which one should not operate . The effect of the block length on both the minimum bit energy and the snr value at which the minimum is achieved is investigated . +0 Since several previous investigations have hinted at the presence of localized `` glitches '' in the observed primordial power spectrum , which are inconsistent with the simplest power-law model , it is interesting to determine the extent to which such anomalies can be explained by this simple and well-motivated model . Here we focus on a prototype scenario with inflaton , \phi , and iso-inflaton , \chi , fields interacting during inflation via the coupling g^2 ( \phi-\phi_0 ) ^2\chi^2 . +0 This proposed method avoids fast changes of either qubit frequencies or the amplitudes of the bias magnetic fluxes through the qubit loops , and also offers a remarkable way to implement any logic gate as well as tomographically measure flux qubit states . When a time-dependent magnetic flux ( TDMF ) is applied to one of the qubits , a well-chosen frequency of the TDMF can be used to compensate the initial detuning and to couple two qubits . +0 It is of great interest to find that , contrary to the known $ B \to \pi \pi $ decays , the $ B \to a_0 a_0 $ decays are governed by the large non-factorizable contributions , which give rise to the large $ B \to a_0 a_0 $ decay rates in the order of $ 10^ { -6 } \sim 10^ { -5 } $ , although the $ a_0 $ meson has an extremely small vector decay constant $ f_ { a_0 } $ . All the topologies of the Feynman diagrams such as the non-factorizable spectator ones and the annihilation ones are calculated in the pQCD approach . +0 This paper is concerned with the random fluctuations of the solution about the deterministic homogenization limit . Such multi-scale algorithms are often shown to correctly capture the homogenization limit when the highly oscillatory random medium is stationary and ergodic . +0 For example , intrinsic dynamics , such as oscillations of networks of neurons , also modulate firing pattern . Sensory input , however , is only one factor that influences neural activity . +0 In this work we show , with an explicit multi-instanton computation , that this relation holds true at arbitrary winding numbers . One of the most interesting is its relation to the coordinate on the quantum moduli space $ u= & lt ; \tr \phi^2 & gt ; $ that results into recursion equations for the coefficients of the prepotential due to instantons . +0 In total , 26 ASCA sources have been detected down to a 2-10keV flux limit of S = 5e-14 erg/cm/s . We present additional optical spectroscopic identifications of sources identified in three deep ASCA GIS fields which also form part of a deep ROSAT survey . +0 As an example , we find that , at $ z=0 $ , the { \em intrinsic } ( B $ _ { f435w } - $ V $ _ { f606w } $ ) colour can be used to determine the intrinsic rest-frame $ V $ -band stellar mass-to-light ratio ( $ \log_ { 10 } \Gamma_ { V } =\log_ { 10 } [ ( M/M_ { \odot } ) / ( L_ { V } /L_ { V\odot } ) ] $ ) with a precision of $ \sigma_ { lg\Gamma } \simeq 0.06 $ when the initial mass function and redshift are known beforehand . We use synthetic star formation and metal enrichment histories predicted by the { \sc galform } galaxy formation model to investigate the precision with which various colours $ ( m_ { a } -m_ { b } ) $ can alone be used as diagnostics of the stellar mass-to-light ratio . +1 We find 8 such objects in the region , giving a comoving number density comparable to that of nearby bright galaxies ( for a flat q $ _0 $ =0.5 , H $ _0 $ =100 kms $ ^ { -1 } $ Mpc $ ^ { -1 } $ universe ) . We provide basic data on the properties of these objects , and show that despite their absolute magnitude being significantly brighter than L $ ^* $ ( typically M $ _B $ = -22 ) , they are generally smaller than nearby galaxies . +0 It was observed that the co-substitution of Ca & amp ; Mn at Bi & amp ; Fe sites in BiFeO3 ( BFO ) significantly suppress the impurity phases . Composition-driven structural transitions in Bi1-xCaxFe1-xMnxO3 ceramics prepared by the tartaric acid modified sol-gel technique have been studied to analyze its effect on the magnetic properties of bismuth ferrite ( BiFeO3 ) . +0 ( 1994 ) that these knots might be moving rapidly away from the Crab pulsar due to a collimated wind . These results do not support the suggestion by MacAlpine et al . +0 The calculations of hybrid baryon amplitudes estimate the contributions of four subamplitudes . The mass spectra of nucleon and delta-isobar hybrid baryons are calculated . +0 Starting with an ordered lattice , and then suddenly applying localized shear , a pair of counter-propagating flow regions develop . The spatiotemporal development of melting is studied experimentally in a 2D dusty plasma suspension . +0 These include thrust , jet broadening , jet mass and the C-parameter . Deep-inelastic ep scattering data taken with the H1 detector at HERA and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 106 pb^ { -1 } are used to study the differential distributions of event shape variables . +1 $ $ The problem arises in applications such as solid combustion , composite membranes , climatology and fluid dynamics . It is known that solutions to the above problem may exhibit singularities - that is points at which the second derivatives of the solution are unbounded - as well as degenerate points . +0 It might be explained as light-time effect , or by some magnetic phenomena , although the mathematical , and consequently the physical , parameters of these fits are very problematic , as the obtained periods are very close to the length of the total data range . In the case of AB And , OO Aql , and U Peg a high-amplitude , nearly one-century long quasi-sinusoidal pattern was also found . +1 The consecutive processing steps can be easily automated and the individual time points can be processed independently , which lends itself to trivial parallelization on a high performance cluster ( HPC ) . Here we introduce an automated workflow for processing large multiview , multi-channel , multi-illumination time-lapse LSFM data on a single workstation or in parallel on a HPC . +1 The scheme features a filtering mechanism that the faulty events can be discarded by detecting the polarization of the photons . That is , our protocols either succeed with 100 % fidelity or fail in a heralded way , which is advantageous for implementing realistic long-distance quantum communication . +0 Further , the effect of deformation on the nuclear transition matrix elements required to study the $ ( \beta ^ { - } \beta ^ { - } ) _ { 0\nu } $ decay in the mass mechanism is investigated . In the present work , we study the $ ( \beta ^ { - } \beta ^ { - } ) _ { 0\nu } $ decay for the $ 0^ { + } \to 0^ { + } $ transition in the mass mechanism and extract limits on effective mass of light as well as heavy neutrinos from the observed half-lives $ T_ { 1/2 } ^ { 0\nu } ( 0^ { + } \to 0^ { + } ) $ using nuclear transition matrix elements calculated with the same set of wave functions . +0 In that case , the basin of attraction of the laminar state coexists with the sustained turbulence . However , it is also known that this transition can be observed for sub-critical Reynolds numbers . +0 We furthermore introduce a class of measures with an operational interpretation in terms of interferometry . We consider the measures induced from relative entropy of entanglement and entanglement of formation . +1 Our proof uses a multivariate extension of the techniques introduced by Dehling , Durieu and Voln\'y \cite { DehDurVol09 } in the univariate case . As an important technical ingredient , we prove a $ ( 2p ) $ th moment bound for partial sums in multiple mixing systems . +0 Each image covers 11.8 square degrees and has 100 arcsecond FWHM resolution . The observations were taken approximately once per day between 2009 May and 2011 April . +1 We study numerically the dependence of the critical magnetic Reynolds number Rmc for the turbulent small-scale dynamo on the hydrodynamic Reynolds number Re . The turbulence is statistically homogeneous , isotropic , and mirror -- symmetric . +0 Particularly prominent , the blue wing of the absorption detected in the in-ladder 2Pi_ { 3/2 } J=9/2-7/2 OH doublet at 65 um , with E_lower=290 K , indicates that the excited outflowing gas is generated in a compact and warm ( circum ) nuclear region . At least two outflowing components are identified , one with OH radiatively excited , and the other with low excitation , presumably spatially extended . +1 The bispectrum is a statistic which probes the relations between the relative phases of the Fourier spectrum at different frequencies . The use of the bispectrum allows us to break the degeneracies between different models for time series which produce identical power spectra . +1 The strongest bounds on some forms of Lorentz and CPT violation come from astrophysical data , and placing such bounds may require understanding and modeling distant sources of radiation . However , it is also desirable to have bounds that do not rely on these kinds of detailed models . +0 The method is not required to be affine or rigid and does not need additional measurements . Here we propose a novel approach for the reconstruction of serial real-time MRI data which integrates the deformations between nearby frames into the data consistency term . +0 Such objects are predicted by unified models , which attribute most of the AGN diversity to their inclination on the line of sight , and play an important role for the understanding of the growth of black holes in the early Universe . The CXB spectrum differs from the integration of the spectra of individual sources , calling for a large population , undetected so far , of strongly obscured Compton thick AGN . +1 From these data we measure UV colors and absorption line strength ( ALS ) indices , including the key NH feature at 3360 A . We find that our data divide the M31 globular clusters , Galactic globular clusters/Galactic stars , and gE galaxies into three different stellar populations . +0 Such models could evade the CMB constraints but still have important effects at scales responsible for the formation of cosmological objects such as clusters and galaxies . Although scale-invariant non-Gaussianity ( often described by the $ f_ { NL } $ formalism ) is currently best constrained by the CMB , single-field models with changing sound speed can have strongly scale-dependent non-Gaussianity . +1 We select host galaxies housing pockets of gas-particles , young and with different thresholds in metallicities , that can be sites of LRGB events , according to the collapsar model . The simulated samples are compared with 18 observed LGRB hosts in the aim at discriminating whether the metallicity is a primary parameter . +0 Such description provides a thorough understanding of the phenomena , explains all the main features of their complex behaviour , and enables to control the system via the resonator parameters : eigenfrequencies , Q-factors , and coupling coefficients . Here we show that it is possible to describe all of these effects in a unified way , mapping each system onto a simple resonator model . +0 Linear scan has been proposed as an alternative to graph coloring , but in essence , it can be viewed as a greedy algorithm for graph coloring : coloring the vertices not in the order of their degrees , but in the order of their occurence in the program . Such a formulation does not fully capture the goal of the allocation , which is to minimize the traffic between registers and memory . +0 The T $ _ { C0 } $ values calculated for nine A $ _x $ ( S ) $ _y $ MNCl compounds , shown to be optimal , agree with the measured T $ _C $ to within experimental error . Observations of T $ _C $ & lt ; T $ _ { C0 } $ in the comparatively more disordered { \alpha } -A $ _x $ ( S ) $ _y $ TiNX compounds are modeled as pair-breaking by remote Coulomb scattering from the A $ _x $ cations , which attenuates exponentially with increasing { \zeta } . +0 Therefore , our empirical pricing model is a deterministic one . For several companies , share prices are defined only by CPI readings in the past . +0 We have implemented our algorithm , and it performs better in practice than the theoretical analysis suggests . While these results do not challenge the suggested parameters , a 2^ ( n^epsilon ) approximation algorithm with epsilon & lt ; 2/3 for lattice basis reduction in n dimensions could be used to break these parameters . +0 We prove that the multireflections of heat carriers in the nanostructure significantly increase resistance in contradiction with former predictions . The current models approximate the nanostructure as a thermal bath . +1 We find matrix models encoding the instanton part of Nekrasov partition functions , whose measure , to the leading order in $ \epsilon_2 $ expansion , is given by the Vandermonde determinant to the power $ \beta=-\epsilon_1/\epsilon_2 $ . An additional , trigonometric deformation of the measure arises in five-dimensional theories . +0 Since , the issues are mainly generic , the aim is to provide discussion and recommendations to benefit a wider computing community in academia . Using this as a case study , we underline the students perspective , highlight the inherent issues and suggest ways to improve the delivery of these subjects . +1 The diffraction problem of a plane wave impinging on a grating formed by nested cavities is solved by means of the modal method , for $ s $ and $ p $ polarization modes . The cavities are formed by perfectly conducting sheets that describe rectangular profiles . +1 Experiments , both over synthetic and real datasets , reveal that AdaBoostDB is able to save over 99 % training time with regard to Cost-Sensitive AdaBoost , providing the same cost-sensitive results . This computational advantage of AdaBoostDB can make a difference in problems managing huge pools of weak classifiers in which boosting techniques are commonly used . +0 New expressions are provided for the Steiner and Minkowski symmetrals of a compact convex set which exhibit a dual relationship between them . Various properties of $ i $ -symmetrizations are introduced and the relations between them investigated . +1 However , this long-range interaction is not strong enough to suppress disorder fluctuations . The asymptotic critical region is characterized by run-away flow to large disorder . +0 Unlike most local giant HI galaxies , it is actively star forming . Not only are such galaxies extremely rare , but this `` coelacanth '' galaxy exhibits characteristics -- in particular its active , inside-out stellar disk-building -- that appear more typical of past ( z ~ 1 ) star formation , when large gas fractions were more common . +0 Soliton configurations of this model are related the solutions of the chiral model on noncommutative plane . We consider the Dunne-Jackiw-Pi-Trugenberger model of a U ( N ) Chern-Simons gauge theory coupled to a nonrelativistic complex adjoint matter on noncommutative space . +0 The existing co-saliency detection algorithms mainly consist of three components : extracting effective features to represent the image regions , exploring the informative cues or factors to characterize co-saliency , and designing effective computational framework to formulate co-saliency . As a novel branch of visual saliency , co-saliency detection refers to discovery of the common and salient foregrounds existed in two or more relevant images , and can be more widely used in many computer vision tasks . +0 Expected large difference between the cross sections of $ \nu_e $ and $ { \bar \nu_e } $ reactions on $ ^ { 40 } $ Ar , which difference has been anticipated in previous calculations because of the large Q value in the $ { \bar \nu } _e $ reaction , is significantly diminished . In this work , we focused on the role of high-lying excited states which are located beyond a few low-lying states known in the experiment . +0 Here we move beyond OAM and demonstrate multiplexing and demultiplexing using both the radial and azimuthal degrees of freedom . To further increase the data transmission rate , more degrees of freedom are required to form a densely packed mode space . +0 Particular emphasis lies on temporal dissipative Kerr solitons with regard to optical frequency comb generation where they are of particular importance . Moreover , analytical and numerical descriptions are presented that do not only reproduce qualitative features but can also be used to accurately model and predict the characteristics of experimental systems . +0 Paschen and Brackett series H I recombination lines were detected in 73 spectra of 15 classical T Tauri systems . We present results from a low resolution ( R~300 ) near-infrared spectroscopic variability survey of actively accreting T Tauri stars ( TTS ) in the Taurus-Auriga star forming region . +0 Principal component analysis of the steps reveals the dominant collective motions to correspond to a tensile 'opening ' mode and two shear 'sliding ' and 'tearing ' modes in the orthogonal plane . Van der Waals density functional theory is integrated with analysis of a non-redundant set of protein-DNA crystal structures from the Nucleic Acid Database to study the stacking energetics of CG : CG base-pair steps , specifically the role of cytosine 5-methylation . +0 In this paper , the design results of the extraction system were reported in detail . The influence of the three dimensional magnetic field and the space charge effect was considered to extract the highly charged ion beam . +0 The NCD is universal in that it is not restricted to a specific application area , and works across application area boundaries . Second , we apply a hierarchical clustering method . +0 \ ] This is a rigorous confirmation of the corresponding result of Forrester and Nagao . In particular , we prove that the right tail of this distribution is Gaussian : for $ t & gt ; 0 $ , \ [ P [ \lambda_ { max } & lt ; t ] =1-\frac { 1 } { 4 } \mbox { erfc } ( t ) +O\left ( e^ { -2t^2 } \right ) . +1 We introduce a multivariate diffusion model that is able to price derivative securities featuring multiple underlying assets . Each asset volatility smile is modeled according to a density-mixture dynamical model while the same property holds for the multivariate process of all assets , whose density is a mixture of multivariate basic densities . +1 The next-to-minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model ( NMSSM ) is one of the most favored supersymmetric models . After an introduction to the model , the Higgs sector and the neutralino sector are discussed in detail . +0 Its [ CII ] and total far-infrared luminosities are $ ( 5.8 \pm 0.7 ) \times 10^9 \ , L_\odot $ and $ ( 7.6\pm1.5 ) \times 10^ { 12 } \ , L_\odot $ , respectively . In this \textit { Letter } , we report a strong detection of the [ CII ] line in the host galaxy of the brightest quasar known at $ z & gt ; 6.5 $ , the Pan-STARRS1 selected quasar PSO J036.5078+03.0498 ( hereafter P036+03 ) , using the IRAM NOEMA millimeter interferometer . +1 After passing a critical temperature , which does not coincide with the material 's superconducting temperature , the angular acceleration and angular velocity applied to the rotating ring could be seen on the sensors although they are mechanically de-coupled . A parity violation was observed for the laser gyroscope measurements such that the effect was greatly pronounced in the clockwise-direction only . +0 We compute the equal-time one-point and two-point Green 's functions in zero and one dimension , where comparisons to known results can be made . The method is the complex Langevin equation , which has been used previously to study complex Hamiltonians in statistical physics and in Minkowski space . +0 We compute Tr\rho_A^n for any integer n for the Ising universality class and the final result is expressed as a sum of Riemann-Siegel theta functions . We continue the study of the entanglement entropy of two disjoint intervals in conformal field theories that we started in J . Stat.Mech . ( 2009 ) P11001 . +1 The Bose dynamics is described by a Gross-Pitaevskii-type equation including beyond-mean-field corrections possessing the correct weak-coupling and unitarity limits . The dynamics of the two-component Fermi superfluid is described by a density-functional equation including beyond-mean-field terms with correct weak-coupling and unitarity limits . +0 Then , we address the implications of these limits for the forward-backward asymmetry in t tbar production measured at Tevatron . We also estimate the expected bounds from like-sign top pair production at LHC in the near future . +0 The majority of these sample stars have metal abundances of [ Fe/H ] & gt ; -1 and represent the thick disk population . The kinematical behavior is discussed in particular in relation to their metallicities . +1 For a fixed native geometry , small changes in the effective contact map may affect the folding times in a chance way and to the extent that is comparable to the shift in the folding times due to cooperativity . The contact order controlls folding scenarios : the average times necessary to bring pairs of amino acids into their near native separations depend on the sequential distances within the pairs . +0 The formalism is then applied to scattering off a smooth short-ranged potential . We demonstrate that the Dirac theory requires short-distance regularization for potentials which are more singular than 1/r . +1 Context . Observations of cataclysmic variables in globular clusters appear to show a dearth of outbursts compared to those observed in the field . +0 We perform a regret analysis of various policies in this collaborative learning setting . Each time an agent takes an action , the corresponding reward is instantaneously observed by the agent , as well as its neighbours in the social network . +1 We also show that , at a sufficiently large temperature , the open string vacuum becomes stable . Building upon this observation and previous work by Horowitz , Maldacena and Strominger , we formulate a microscopic brane-antibrane model for the non-extremal black three-brane in ten dimensions ( as well as for the black two- and five-branes in eleven dimensions ) . +1 We find that all three components have values which are comparable with the previously reported ones for the stochiometric compound KFe $ _2 $ As $ _2 $ . Our data for C ( T , H ) and resistivity rho ( T , H ) can be interpreted in favor of the dominant orbital contribution to the pair-breaking mechanism at low fields , while Pauli limiting effect dominates at high fields , giving rise to a gapless superconducting state with only the leading non-zero gap . +0 We focus on the p-adic models associated with the tachyon phenomenology in string theories . We analyze the partition function and main thermodynamic properties arising from perturbative thermal loops . +0 } $ , associated with massless fields . Adopting this result , we explicitly calculate the renormalized vacuum expectation values of the energy-momentum tensors , $ & lt ; T^A_B & gt ; _ { Ren . +1 We contribute to this by providing a consistent approach that integrates various datasources in the design of algorithmic traders . This allows us to derive insights into the principles behind the profitability of our trading strategies . +0 The measured IR continuum is much more sharply peaked and is consistent with a dominant contribution from the nucleus itself . The spatial profiles of four primary volatiles display strong enhancements in the jet direction , which favors release from a localized vent on the nucleus . +0 Here we show that the probability for each neutrino flavor at its resonant energy to annihilate within the halo of our Supergalactic cluster is likely within an order of magnitude of 1 % , with the exact value depending on unknown aspects of neutrino mixing and relic neutrino clustering . These photons and nucleons produced within our Supergalactic halo may easily propagate to earth and initiate super-GZK air showers . +1 Many data applications in the next generation cellular networks , such as content precaching and video progressive downloading , require flow-level quality of service ( QoS ) guarantees . One such requirement is deadline , where the transmission task needs to be completed before the application-specific time . +1 This paper compares three approaches to the problem of selecting among probability models to fit data ( 1 ) use of statistical criteria such as Akaike 's information criterion and Schwarz 's `` Bayesian information criterion , '' ( 2 ) maximization of the posterior probability of the model , and ( 3 ) maximization of an ? effectiveness ratio ? trading off accuracy and computational cost . +0 It is at present not clear that the collision dynamics and times available will lead to this . We believe that one can have serious reservations as to whether heavy ion collisions ( e.g.100 GeV/n Au + 100 GeV/n Au ) can lead to Thermal and Chemical equilibrium over large regions ( particularly if it is assumed this happens whenever QGP is produced at RHIC-that is if it is produced ) . +1 This framework can be used to construct an N = 1 MSSM on the IR brane , reminiscent of the original Randall-Sundrum model . In addition , we use our framework to study strongly-coupled scenarios of supersymmetry breaking mediated by gauge forces . +0 We also show that this relaxation allows to detect when there is no KKT minimizer . We show that when the infimum is reached , a relaxation hierarchy constructed from the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker ideal is always exact and that the vanishing ideal of the KKT minimizer points is generated by the kernel of the associated moment matrix in that degree , even if this ideal is not zero-dimensional . +1 Furthermore , novel phases in cold atom systems are conveniently investigated by dynamical probes pushing the system out of equilibrium . Here , we discuss the pumping of doubly-occupied sites in a fermionic Mott insulator by a periodic modulation of the hopping amplitude . +0 We discuss the changes in the PL as the QSC regime is reached , which transitions between a peak around the cavity resonance to a doublet . Here we study the quantum strong-coupling regime by calculating its photoluminescence ( PL ) properties under a pulsed excitation . +0 It is useful to understand the transformations of energy occurring at any particular pressure level or pressure layer of a limited area domain . A diagnostic package is derived from the concept of specific available enthalpy , leading to the definition of a local and complete energy cycle . +1 For some special cases , e.g. , for relay channels where the optimal PDF strategy reduces to DF or P2P transmission , it could be deduced that Gaussian inputs maximize the PDF rate . For the general case , however , the problem has remained open until now . +1 ( The previous one was also from 4U 1636-53 , and was observed with EXOSAT . ) From fits to time-resolved spectra , we find that this is not a radius-expansion burst , and that the same triple-peaked pattern seen in the X-ray light curve is also present in the bolometric light curve of the burst . +0 We compare our predictions with recent experimental results obtained by the STAR and CDF Collaborations . We discuss also the role of the $ \rho^ { 0 } $ and the Drell-S\ '' oding photoproduction mechanism . +1 We present the wavelength calibration for the lenslet-based Integral Field Spectrograph ( IFS ) that serves as the science instrument for the Gemini Planet Imager ( GPI ) . The GPI IFS features a 2.7 '' x 2.7 '' field of view and a 190 x 190 lenslet array ( 14.3 mas/lenslet ) operating in $ Y $ , $ J $ , $ H $ , and $ K $ bands with spectral resolving power ranging from $ R $ $ \sim $ 35 to 78 . +0 Here we show that the scaling of the typical minimal bounce action with $ N $ is readily understood , and differs from statements in the literature . An interesting model of this phenomena consists of $ N $ scalars with a random potential of fourth order . +0 Consequently under some conditions for the third moment , the self-normalized moderate deviation probabilities in ( 2 ) hold uniformly in a $ x $ range which is related to the moments with order between 3 and 4 . With these moment conditions , we obtain the exact self-normalized tail probabilities for $ x $ up to $ x=o ( n^ { 1/4 } ) $ . +0 We 'll understand how the area formula incorporates the structure of the domain wall approximation . In case the software can not calculate minimal surface integrals analytically , it offers the possibility to proceed with a numerical evaluation of the corresponding terms . +0 A self-regulating process is required to produce similar final values in a range of different stellar masses to explain the PopII Spite plateau . As a test case we show that a halo dwarf of 0.85 Msun with an extended overshooting envelope starting with an initial abundance of A ( Li ) = 2.74 would burn Li completely , but an accretion rate of the type 1e-8xe^ { -t/3e6 } Msun yr $ ^ { -1 } $ would restore Li to end with an A ( Li ) = 2.31 . +1 In particular , we analyze the collective effects due to spin using fluid models . The introduction of an intrinsic magnetization due to the plasma electron ( or positron ) spin properties in the magnetohydrodynamic limit is discussed . +0 Barkey , R.H. Muller , and C.W . The growth rate of spatial Fourier modes is described qualitatively by the results of a linear stability analysis [ D.P . +0 The method uses theoretical isochrones available in the literature and maximizes a weighted likelihood function based on distances measured in the color-magnitude space . We present a new technique to fit color-magnitude diagrams of open clusters based on the Cross-Entropy global optimization algorithm . +1 The interaction of two types of vesicle systems was investigated : micrometer-sized , giant unilamellar vesicles ( GUVs ) formed from 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine ( POPC ) and submicrometer-sized , large unilamellar vesicles ( LUVs ) formed from oleic acid and oleate , both in a buffered aqueous solution ( pH=8.8 ) . Individual POPC GUVs were transferred with a micropipette into a suspension of oleic acid/oleate LUVs , and the shape changes of the GUVs were monitored using optical microscopy . +1 Furthermore , we relax the independence assumption between the circular and linear components observed at the same time . Such an assumption is generally used to alleviate the computational burden involved in the parameter estimation step , but it is hard to justify in empirical applications . +0 This distinction provides new constraints on OH chemistry in these clouds . The dominant absorption feature in OH+ arises from a main component seen in CH+ ( that with the highest CH+/CH column density ratio ) , while OH follows CN absorption . +1 The recent high-resolution detection of warm absorbers in some Broad Line Radio Galaxies allow us to investigate the interplay between the nuclear engine and the surrounding medium from a different perspective . We report on the detection of warm absorbers in two Broad Line Radio Galaxies , 3C 382 and 3C 390.3 , and discuss the physical and energetic properties of the absorbing gas . +0 Indirect bounds can however be derived . No direct cosmological observables are normally traceable to this period of reheating . +1 A real Milnor manifold is the non-singular hypersurface of degree $ ( 1,1 ) $ in the product of two real projective spaces . These manifolds were introduced by Milnor to give generators for the unoriented cobordism algebra , and they admit free actions by elementary abelian 2-groups . +1 Then we calculate the Z alpha corrections to the Schiff moment which appear due to the finite nuclear size . Such corrections are important in heavy atoms with nuclear charge Z & gt ; 50 . +0 However , once an axial vector meson condensation is taken into account in our simplest model , the ferromagnetic energy density is lowered significantly , which still leaves some room for a possible realization of a QCD ferromagnetic phase and ferromagnetic magnetars . Compared to the inhomogeneous phase with the alternating layer structure , our ferromagnetic phase turns out to be unfavored . +0 We aim to increase the number of investigated luminous mid-IR sources to shed light on the late stages of these objects . Episodic mass loss produces dust and therefore causes evolved massive stars to be very luminous in the mid-infrared and dim at optical wavelengths . +0 It is known that under this flow there exist both initially immersed curves which develop at least one singularity in finite time and initially embedded curves which self-intersect in finite time . In this paper we consider the steepest descent $ H^ { -1 } $ -gradient flow of the length functional for immersed plane curves , known as the curve diffusion flow . +1 Here we show that it is possible to choose a suitable variable such that all the data can be fitted by the same Tsallis distribution ( with the same , energy independent value of the q-parameter ) . Thus they exhibit q-scaling . +0 The ratio between central stellar velocity dispersion and isothermal lens-model velocity dispersion is nearly unity within errors . We use a sample of 53 massive early-type strong gravitational lens galaxies with well-measured redshifts ( ranging from z=0.06 to 0.36 ) and stellar velocity dispersions ( between 175 and 400 km/s ) from the Sloan Lens ACS ( SLACS ) Survey to derive numerous empirical scaling relations . +0 We consider , as a working case , the Low Frequency Instrument ( LFI ) on-board the Planck satellite albeit the approach developed here can be easily applied to any kind of experiment that makes use of an observing ( scanning ) strategy which assumes repeated pointings of the same region of the sky on different time scales . This is a particularly important issue considering the current and future space missions ( like Planck from ESA and WMAP from NASA ) operating from an orbit far from Earth with short periods of visibility from ground stations . +1 First , the inflaton perturbation must account for much more than $ 10\ % $ of the curvature perturbation $ \zeta $ , which barring fine-tuning means that it accounts for practically all of it . It follows that a curvaton-like mechanism for generating $ \zeta $ requires an alternative to slow roll such as k-inflation . +1 We also derive the limiting behavior of unconditional first moment of the process and an appropriate upper bound for the limiting value of the variance . This can be considered as long run behavior of the process . +1 This phenomenon is counterintuitive to the behavior described by conventional Snell 's law and resulted from the interplay between \epsilon-near-zero and material loss . This property has potential applications in communications to increase acceptance angle and energy delivery without using optical lenses and mechanical gimbals . +0 This shows that Voeovodsky 's $ DM_ { gm } $ is anti-equivalent to Hanamura 's one . We describe the Voevodsky 's category $ DM^ { eff } _ { gm } $ of motives in terms of Suslin complexes of smooth projective varieties . +1 The new algorithm requires no preprocessing , still it has linear complexity on average . In terms of bit complexity , instead of arithmetic , we only have extra logarithmic factors . +0 Since computing one element of the matrix requires only a small amount of data but a fairly large number of operations , we propose to use GPUs to handle vectorizable portions of the computation : near-field computations are ideally suited for vectorization and can therefore be handled very well by GPUs . The near-field part is typically approximated by special quadrature rules like the Sauter-Schwab technique that can handle the singular integrals appearing in the diagonal and near-diagonal matrix elements . +0 The calculated structural , magnetic properties of cubic phase are in excellent agreement with experiments . We do not find any phase transitions between the magnetic and non-magnetic phases . +0 Implications of these results for the quantum measurement theory are discussed . Mesoscopic quantum electrodynamics is therefore subject to `` doing quantum electrodynamics while thinking classically , '' allowing one to substitute essentally classical considerations for quantum ones without any loss in generality . +0 In this paper , we generalize an existing method to the noisy case , by introducing a weight factor in the tensor decomposition . For this , techniques based on tensor methods are known , but these have only been studied in the exact case . +1 Let $ S_n $ denote the symmetric group . For any $ \sigma \in S_n $ , we let $ \mathrm { des } ( \sigma ) $ denote the number of descents of $ \sigma $ , $ \mathrm { inv } ( \sigma ) $ denote the number of inversions of $ \sigma $ , and $ \mathrm { LRmin } ( \sigma ) $ denote the number of left-to-right minima of $ \sigma $ . +1 As an example , we argue that such screening mass can result from strong localization of the vector mediators . The proposed dark energy mechanism could be experimentally verified through cosmological observations by the Euclid experiment , as well as by studying properties of dark photons and sterile neutrinos . +0 In this talk , the theoretical framework ( BLNP ) that enabled such progress is reviewed , as well as other approaches to an inclusive determination of $ |V_ { ub } | $ ( DGE , $ M_X-q^2 $ etc . ) . This progress is a result of combined experimental and theoretical efforts . +0 Stochastic effects are intrinsic to this dynamics and the binding to functional sites must be controled with a certain specificity for living organisms to be able to elicit specific cellular responses . Transcription regulation is largely governed by the profile and the dynamics of transcription factors ' binding to DNA . +0 for the proton , consistent with recent experimental observations , and also for the antiproton . The behavior of the electronic stopping power versus projectile velocity displays an effective threshold velocity of ~0.2 a.u . +0 We show that , in general , the magnitude of the persistent spin current in a ring depends on the direction of the direct current flow from one reservoir to another . For unpolarized electrons there exist no persistent charge currents , but persistent spin currents . +0 We point out the places where our results and methods have remained unchanged since the 2013 paper and we highlight the changes made for the 2015 release , describing the products ( especially timelines ) and the ways in which they were obtained . We present an updated description of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument ( LFI ) data processing pipeline , associated with the 2015 data release . +0 We perform a comprehensive study of these non-minimal gauge mediation models , including mass calculations in semi-direct gauge mediation , to illustrate these features , and discuss the phenomenology of the models . A large class of non-minimal gauge mediation models , such as ( semi- ) direct gauge mediation , predict a hierarchy between the masses of the supersymmetric standard model gauginos and those of scalar particles . +0 Either a clockwise or counter clockwise directed loop of half magnetic flux quantum encodes a qubit , which naturally interacts with any single charged particle with arbitrary kinetic energy . \textbf { 104 } , 062604 ( 2014 ) ] . +1 Relatively extremal knots are the relative minima of the ropelength functional in C^1 topology . On the set curves of fixed length , they are the relative maxima of thickness ( normal injectivity radius ) functional , including the ideal knots . +0 By combining the dither frames available for each filter , we were able to obtain well-sampled radial profiles of the objects and measure their deviation from that of a stellar source . Quasar selection was carried out both in multicolor space and in `` profile space , '' defined as the multi-parameter space formed by the radial profiles of the objects in the different images . +0 As a corollary we get an $ O ( \sqrt { n } ) $ deterministic query algorithm for the black-box version of the problem { \bf 2D-SPERNER } , a well studied member of Papadimitriou 's complexity class PPAD . The query complexity of our algorithm is linear in the separation number of the skeleton graph of the manifold and the size of its boundary . +0 In one space dimension , the heat kernel admits an approximation involving a number of terms that is of the order $ O ( \log ( \frac { T } { \delta } ) ( \log ( \frac { 1 } { \epsilon } ) +\log\log ( \frac { T } { \delta } ) ) ) $ for any $ x\in\bbR $ and $ \delta \leq t \leq T $ , where $ \epsilon $ is the desired precision . In this paper , we show that efficient separated sum-of-exponentials approximations can be constructed for the heat kernel in any dimension . +1 Even for exactly parallel fields to the ab plane , transverse fields exist in the chiral state . The chiral-nonchiral transition disappears when the magnetic field orientation is tilted within 1 degree from the ab plane . +0 We use this to describe generalizations of dual cones , Newton and polar polytopes , Minkowski sums , and finite Fourier series expansions . We describe the tropicalizations of theta functions and use them to generalize the dual pairing between the character and cocharacter lattices . +0 Thus , to relate quantities measured by observers in different G potentials they must be previously transformed after Lorenz and G transformations derived from experiments . Only observers that do n't change of position can detect them . +1 As a key component of continuous-time DUE models , DNL aims at describing and predicting the spatial-temporal evolution of traffic flows on a network that is consistent with established route and departure time choices of travelers , by introducing appropriate dynamics to flow propagation , flow conservation , and travel delays . The DNL procedure gives rise to the path delay operator , which associates a vector of path flows ( path departure rates ) with the corresponding path travel costs . +0 The study is based on a large sample of ~22 000 well-defined star-forming galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) . We present empirical relations between the global dust reddening and other physical galaxy properties including the Halpha luminosity , Halpha surface brightness , metallicity and axial ratio for star-forming disc galaxies . +0 Both are in the global supersymmetric pair with the common electric charge of e/6 and belong to the fundamental representations of ( 3,2,2 ) under the spontaneously unbroken SU ( 3 ) _C*SU ( 2 ) _L*SU ( 2 ) _R gauge symmetry induced necessarily by the concept of `` Cartan connection '' equipped with `` Soldering Mechanism '' . Elementary fields are only one kind of spin-1/2 and spin-0 preon . +0 At zero temperature , a high frequency peak in the dynamical conductivity appears above a `` Higgs mass '' gap , and corresponds to order parameter magnitude fluctuations . We find a large temperature range with linearly increasing resistivity and broad dynamical conductivity , signaling a breakdown of Boltzmann-Drude quasiparticle transport theory . +1 Samples both uncovered and covered with a transparent dielectric ( a quartz plate ) with the compressive force of up to 0.5GPa were initiated . In the transparent spectral region ( the first and second laser harmonics ) of the heavy metal azide matrix the effect of covering the sample surface with a plate on initiation energy threshold was insignificant , whereas , in the region of bandgap absorption ( the fourth harmonic ) strong dependence of the initiation threshold on whether the surface under irradiation is uncovered or covered . +0 Due to the theta - term those monopoles obtain the SU ( N ) charge and become the dyons . We consider Dirac monopoles embedded into SU ( N ) gauge theory with theta-term for $ \theta = 4\pi M $ ( where $ M $ is half-integer for $ N = 2 $ and is integer for $ N & gt ; 2 $ ) . +1 A main assumption that is employed is functional dependence of the soliton potential , with the conformal factor in the first case , and with the warping function in the second . The main result in the first case is a partial classification in dimension $ n\geq 4 $ . +0 In this work , we study hyperbolic properties of minimal surfaces of general type with minimal $ c_1^2 $ , known as Horikawa surfaces . These results were extended by McQuillan in his proof of the Green-Griffiths conjecture for entire curves on such surfaces . +1 It remains a direct gap semiconductor under strain and the bandgap size can be tuned in a wide range as large as 1 eV . Interestingly , for biaxial strain , a band crossing effect occurs at the valence band maximum close to a 8\ % strain , leading to a dramatic increase of the hole effective mass . +1 In this paper , we investigate phenomenological aspects of this model and discuss the possibility of the direct detection of the dark matter . In particular , we focus on the light neutralino case and find that the light-Higgsino scenario such as the focus point is interesting , taking account of the recent CDMS result . +1 Hultman shows that T_G and Q_G are homotopy equivalent and Cohen-Macaulay , and determines the rank of their top homology . An application of the theory of building sets and nested set complexes by Feichtner and Kozlov shows that in fact T_G is subdivided by the order complex of Q_G . +1 We describe a reformulation of Pulay 's RMM which guarantees reduction of the residual at each step . The new version avoids the use of empirical mixing parameters , and is expected to be more robust than the original version . +1 The implications of N=1 superconformal symmetry for four dimensional quantum field theories are studied . Superconformal covariant expressions for two and three point functions of quasi-primary superfields of arbitrary spin are found and connected with the operator product expansion . +1 A common and intuitive interpretation of this result is that the spontaneous emission rate is proportional to the probability that the electron and the hole are located at the same point or region in space , i.e.they must coincide spatially to recombine . Here we show that this interpretation is not correct even loosely speaking . +1 Some time ago , Svetitsky and Yaffe have argued that -- if the deconfinement phase transition of a ( d+1 ) -dimensional Yang-Mills theory with gauge group G is second order -- it should be in the universality class of a d-dimensional spin model symmetric under the center of G. For d=3 these arguments have been confirmed numerically only in the SU ( 2 ) case with center Z ( 2 ) , simply because all SU ( N ) Yang-Mills theories with N & gt ; =3 seem to have non-universal first order phase transitions . The symplectic groups Sp ( N ) also have the center Z ( 2 ) and provide another extension of SU ( 2 ) = Sp ( 1 ) to general N. Using lattice simulations , we find that the deconfinement phase transition of Sp ( 2 ) Yang-Mills theory is first order in 3+1 dimensions , while in 2+1 dimensions stronger fluctuations induce a second order transition . +0 We investigate the social network of co-occurrence in Reuters-21578 corpus , which consists of news articles that appeared in the Reuters newswire in 1987 . Networks describe various complex natural systems including social systems . +0 We also propose a function called compactness , designed to assess the quality of a solution to this problem . To provide a solution to this problem , we question standard definitions on communities and provide alternatives . +0 The signal observed at frequency below the mean level spacing corresponds to a negative magnetoconductance , which is opposite to the weak localization seen in connected systems , and becomes positive at higher frequency . The real ( dissipative ) magnetoconductance changes sign as a function of frequency for low enough density of electrons . +1 Our aim is to probe the spatial distribution of oxygen-rich dust with high spatial resolution . BM Gem was observed with VLTI/MIDI at 44 -- 62 m baselines using the UT2-UT3 and UT3-UT4 baseline configurations . +1 We show that BiMnO3 displays under pressure a rich sequence of five phases with a great variety of structures and properties , including a metallic phase above 53 GPa and , between 37 and 53 GPa , a strongly elongated monoclinic phase that allows ferroelectricity , which contradicts the traditional expectation that ferroelectricity vanishes under pressure . Between 7 and 37 GPa , the Pnma structure remains remarkably stable but shows a reduction of the Jahn-Teller distortion in a way that differs from the behavior observed in the archetypal orthorhombic Jahn-Teller distorted perovskite LaMnO3 . +1 Pockets are aligned in 3D space with further use of convolution kernels between clouds of points . Performance of the new method for ligand prediction is compared to those of other available measures and to docking programs . +1 We evaluate the formation cross sections of the kaonic atoms and kaonic nuclei using an effective number approach . We show that the indications of the kaonic bound states can be observed in the outgoing proton energy spectra . +0 We study upper bounds on the direct detection cross sections for such a light LSP in the mass range 2-20 GeV in the NMSSM , respecting all constraints from B-physics and LEP . In the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model , a bino-like LSP can be as light as a few GeV and satisfy WMAP constraints on the dark matter relic density in the presence of a light CP-odd Higgs scalar . +0 If this mechanism is to be relevant for understanding the small observed value of the cosmological constant , it may involve a mechanism by which some contributions to the cosmological constant can be fixed at a continuous range of values in the different domains . One way that an anthropic selection mechanism may be manifest in a physical theory involves multiple domains in the universe with different values of the physical parameters . +0 Here , for the first time , we analytically explore secular dynamics of planetesimals in binaries such as $ \alpha $ Cen and $ \gamma $ Cep under the combined action of ( 1 ) gravity of the eccentric protoplanetary disk , ( 2 ) perturbations due to the ( coplanar ) eccentric companion , and ( 3 ) gas drag . An added complication is the tendency of protoplanetary disks in binaries to become eccentric , giving rise to additional excitation of planetesimal eccentricity . +1 For example , one can study the question when the provers share entanglement or not , and the communication between the verifier and the provers is quantum or classical . While there are several partial results on the subject , so far no one presented an efficient scheme for recognizing NEXP ( or NP with logarithmic communication ) , except for [ KM03 ] , in the case there is no entanglement ( and of course no communication between the provers ) . +1 We find that there are two typical stages in the variation of the morphology with the increase of active force . One is at small force characterized by radially inhomogeneous redistribution of particles and suppression of local fluctuations of the boundary . +1 The first is continuous in time , where one uses data to infer a model in the form of stochastic differential equations , which are then discretized for numerical solution . The second is discrete in time : the model one infers is a parametric representation of a time series that can be directly used for computation . +0 This disk is geometrically thin enough ( H/r ~= 0.06 ) that little heat is retained in the flow . We use data from a particularly well-resolved simulation of accretion onto a non-spinning black hole to compute both the radiative efficiency of such a flow and its spectrum if all emitted light is radiated with a thermal spectrum whose temperature matches the local effective temperature . +1 Thermal timescale mass transfer generally occurs in close binaries where the donor star is more massive than the accreting star . The mass transfer rates are usually estimated in terms of the Kelvin-Helmholtz timescale of the donor star . +1 We study biased { \em orientation games } , in which the board is the complete graph $ K_n $ , and Maker and Breaker take turns in directing previously undirected edges of $ K_n $ . At the end of the game , the obtained graph is a tournament . +0 The \emph { red dwarf } $ J_P $ are nowhere connected im kleinen and such that the intersection of all impressions of external angles is a continuum containing $ p $ and the orbits of all critical images . We show that there are two types of such Julia sets $ J_P $ . +0 Our method addresses the major challenge in such problems of appropriately approximating the domain boundaries in the computational model while , in a full-wave manner , predicting the effects of tilting in the layers . techniques , to facilitate the rigorous analysis of electromagnetic ( EM ) fields radiated by sources embedded in tilted , cylindrically-layered geophysical media . +0 Especially , we obtain that variations in the crucial barrier heights and widths can be as large as 2 eV and 5 \AA , respectively . We show that even tiny variations in the atomic arrangement at the interface cause significant changes in the tunnel barrier parameters and , consequently , in electron transport properties . +0 These films show a superconducting transition temperature ( Tc ) of over 30 K although P content is around 0.22 , which is lower than the optimal one for single crystals ( i.e. , 0.33 ) . Microstructura lly clean , isov alently P-doped BaFe2As2 ( Ba-122 ) single crystalline thin films have been prepared on MgO ( 001 ) substrates by molecular beam epitaxy . +0 We partition the germ of the plane at the origin into zones where the function has explicit asymptotic behavior . In this paper we study Lipschitz contact equivalence of continuous function germs in the plane definable in a polynomially bounded o-minimal structure , such as semialgebraic and subanalytic functions . +1 Due to the interaction between the two particle species optical nonlinearities appear , leading to a quantum phase transition from Mott to superfluid phase . Here , we address the Tavis-Cummings lattice model , which describes light-matter systems containing multiple atomiclike structures in each cavity . +0 Prior to the present paper , there had been no such characterization of an unstable class . A contribution of the ultrapower characterization was that it involved sorting out the global theory , and introducing nonforking , seminal for the development of stability theory . +1 We analyze the theory holographically , and propose a dictionary between the Kondo problem and antisymmetric Wilson loops in N=4 SYM . We perform an explicit calculation of the D5 fluctuations in the D3 geometry and determine the spectrum of defect operators . +1 In a recent report , the American Association of Physics Teachers has developed an updated set of recommendations for curriculum of undergraduate physics labs.1 This document focuses on six major themes : constructing knowledge , modeling , designing experiments , developing technical and practical laboratory skills , analyzing and visualizing data , and communicating physics . These themes all tie together as a set of practical skills in scientific measurement , analysis , and experimentation . +1 One is interested in obtaining metrics , for which it is not zero . In this thesis we study the dependence of the zero sets of eigenspinors of the Dirac operator on the Riemannian metric . +1 A very long binary-lensing caustic crossing event , EROS-BLG-2000-5 , was found in the 2000 season and monitored by EROS . EROS photometric data for this event are presented . +1 Recent ISO-data has allowed for the first time observationally based estimates for source confusion in mid-infrared surveys . We use the extragalactic source counts from ISOCAM in conjunction with K-band counts to predict the confusion due to galaxies in deep mid-IR observations . +0 The latter result , in agreement with current estimates , is for us a check of the method . The continuum numbers are m_b^ { RGI } = 6.73 ( 16 ) GeV for the b-quark and m_c^ { RGI } = 1.681 ( 36 ) GeV for the c-quark , corresponding respectively to m_b^ { MSbar } ( m_b^ { MSbar } ) = 4.33 ( 10 ) GeV and m_c^ { MSbar } ( m_c^ { MSbar } ) = 1.319 ( 28 ) GeV . +1 We consider relationship between the reflection coefficients of plane and rough surfaces for linearly polarized waves . Certain polarization properties of reflected waves and polarization invariants , in particular at incident angle of forty five degrees , allow finding amplitude and phase characteristics of reflected waves . +0 In others , strain large enough to fracture the tube can be applied without a significant change in the contact resistance . We find that in some samples , changes in the contact resistance dominate the measured resistance change . +1 For the nucleon-nucleon interaction from chiral effective field theory at order next-to-next-to-next-to leading order , we find that the coupled-cluster approximation including triples corrections binds nuclei within 0.4 MeV per nucleon compared to data . We employ interactions from a resolution-scale dependent similarity renormalization group transformations and assess the validity of power counting estimates in medium-mass nuclei . +0 The superconducting ground state emerges from the pairing of nodal quasi-particles mediated by acoustic phonons via a piezoelectric coupling . When particle-hole symmetry is broken electron ( hole ) pockets are formed around the Fermi surface . +1 The array is framed inside of a dilution refrigerator , heavily shielded against environmental radioactivity and high-energy neutrons , and operated at a temperature of ~8 mK in the Gran Sasso Underground Laboratory . Temperature pulses induced by particle interacting in the crystals are recorded and measured by means of Neutron Transmutation Doped thermistors . +1 For a monatomic system , analysis of the potential surface is facilitated by the random and symmetric classification of potential energy valleys . Since the random valleys are numerically dominant and uniform in their macroscopic potential properties , only a few quenches are necessary to establish these properties . +0 In this paper , we provide characterizations and descriptions of incremental stability in terms of existence of coordinate-invariant notions of incremental Lyapunov functions and contraction metrics , respectively . Similarly to stability , Lyapunov functions and contraction metrics play important roles in the study of incremental stability . +0 In particular , the countably infinite random graph and the random partial order do not have automatic presentations . We supply a characterisation of the automatic Boolean algebras , and it is proven that the free Abelian group of infinite rank , as well as certain Fraisse limits , do not have automatic presentations . +1 The extra nucleon-meson coupling ( $ g_\delta $ ) affects the every piece of physical observables , like binding energy , radii and single particle energy of hypernuclei . The lambda mean field potential is investigated which is consistent with other predictions . +1 This work introduces a novel technique for fabricating functional robots using 3D printers . Simultaneously depositing photopolymers and a non-curing liquid allows complex , pre-filled fluidic channels to be fabricated . +0 Than I discuss where large new physics effects in the MSSM are still possible . In this context I present the Fortran code SUSY_FLAVOR which calculates these processes in the generic MSSM including the complete resummation of all chirally enhanced effects as a new feature of version 2 . +0 The cavity is opened by attaching leads to it in four different ways . The spectroscopic properties of an open large Bunimovich cavity are studied numerically in the framework of the effective Hamiltonian formalism . +0 We show that these two regularization strategies can be systematically mapped to each other through a concave conjugate operation . In this paper , we show how different MKL algorithms can be understood as applications of either regularization on the kernel weights or block-norm-based regularization , which is more common in structured sparsity and multi-task learning . +1 Insertion of a text message , audio data or/and an image into another image or 3D model is called as a watermarking process . Watermarking has variety of applications like : Copyright Protection , Owner Identification , Copy Protection and Data Hiding etc. , depending upon the type of watermark insertion algorithm . +0 We consider here four type of scalars : the Hessian matrix scalars , the distortion scalars , the gradient related scalars and the curvature scalars . A method to compute several scalar quantities of Cosmic Microwave Background maps on the sphere is presented . +1 The tracking error is measured using the recently proposed OSPA metric for tracks , adopted as the only known mathematically rigorous metric for measuring the distance between two sets of tracks . A comparative analysis is presented under various conditions . +1 Here , we demonstrate a versatile platform to realize new 1d systems made by combining quantum Hall edge states of opposite chiralities in a graphene electron-hole bilayer . Using this approach , we engineer helical 1d edge conductors where the counterpropagating modes are localized in separate electron and hole layers by a tunable electric field . +1 Using both momentum and temperature renormalization group equations we investigate the running coupling in the magnetic sector as a function of temperature and momentum scale . At fixed momentum scale we find that , in contrast to $ \lambda\phi^4 $ or QED , high-temperature QCD is strongly coupled , even after renormalization group improvement . +1 We obtain a new symplectic Lagrangian density and deduce Faddeev-Jackiw ( FJ ) generalized brackets of the gauge invariant self-dual fields interacting with gauge fields . We further give FJ quantization of this system . +0 Quantum interference imaging can outperform classical imaging or even have entirely new features . Indistinguishable quantum states interfere , but the mere possibility of obtaining information that could distinguish between overlapping states inhibits quantum interference . +1 A new approach to the modular , complex systems analysis of nonlinear dynamics in cell cycling network transformations involved in carcinogenesis is proposed . Carcinogenesis is a complex process that involves dynamically inter-connected biomolecules in the intercellular , membrane , cytosolic , nuclear and nucleolar compartments that form numerous inter-related pathways . +1 12 , used in this work as a comparison cluster . From analysis of its CMD , we obtain estimates for the metallicity and reddening of ESO 121-SC03 : [ Fe/H ] = -0.97 +/- 0.10 and E ( V-I ) = 0.04 +/- 0.02 , in excellent agreement with previous studies . +1 At the same time , the usual Landau diamagnetism results for the total magnetic moment . The origin of this dramatic temperature dependence is seen to be in the multiple reflection of electron waves by the boundary confining potential , which becomes important once the coherence length of electrons gets longer than the system length . +1 These are the maps whose restriction to any triple of distinct points in $ \mathbb { D } $ yields interpolation data that are only just solvable . We find a large class of such maps ; they are rational of degree at most 4 . +1 Intriguingly , it possesses both euclidean and scale-free structure with Fisher exponent smaller than $ 2 $ . Remarkably , an indistinguishable Fisher exponent and the same euclidean structure is obtained at the critical point of the random percolation model after absorbing all enclaves into their surrounding clusters . +0 Among those are the so called ( big ) polygon- and chain spaces . We consider closed manifolds , which occur as intersections of products of spheres of the same dimension with certain hyperplanes . +0 For a fixed bulk concentration we find that upon increasing the fluid particle size one strongly increases the local concentration nearby the colloidal surface and that the particles become laterally ordered . To understand the role of the excluded volume of the microions , we first consider an uncharged system . +0 We model the data with a self-consistent physical model ( GRASIL ) which includes a state-of-the-art treatment of dust extinction and reprocessing . We combine far-infrared photometry from Herschel ( PEP/HERMES ) with deep mid-infrared spectroscopy from Spitzer to investigate the nature and the mass assembly history of a sample of 31 Luminous and Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies at z~1 and 2 selected in GOODS-S with 24 $ \mu $ m fluxes between 0.2 and 0.5 mJy . +1 To make the segmentation knowledge transferrable across categories , we design a decoupled encoder-decoder architecture with attention model . In this architecture , the model generates spatial highlights of each category presented in an image using an attention model , and subsequently generates foreground segmentation for each highlighted region using decoder . +0 We use the flux densities measured from these data to improve constraints on the correlations between radio luminosity and bolometric luminosity , infrared luminosity and , where measured , outflow force . No starless cores are detected . +0 We show how these two approaches are unified by the transgression map . Anomalies can be viewed as arising from the cohomology of the Lie algebra of the group of gauge transformations and also from the topological cohomology of the group of connections modulo gauge transformations . +1 The high-energy nucleus-nucleus collision is described based on the Glauber model . Using the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock method in the three-dimensional grid-space representation , we determine the nuclear density distribution for a wide range of nuclei self-consistently without assuming any spatial symmetry . +1 AR 11158 , which consisted of two major emerging bipoles , showed prominent activities including one X- and several M-class flares . In order to investigate the magnetic structures related to the M6.6 event , particularly the formation process of a flare-triggering magnetic region , we analyzed multiple spacecraft observations and numerical results of a flare simulation . +1 In this paper , we propose a generalized version of the Rashmi-Shah-Kumar Minimum-Storage-Regenerating ( RSK-MSR ) codes based on the product-matrix framework . For any $ ( n , k , d ) $ such that $ d \geq 2k-2 $ and $ d \leq n-1 $ , we can directly construct an $ ( n , k , d ) $ MSR code without constructing a larger MSR code and shortening of the larger MSR code . +1 Firstly , an exact infinite series and an accurate polynomial approximation are derived for the $ Ie ( k , x ) $ function which are valid for all values of $ k $ . Secondly , an exact closed-form expression is derived for the $ Ie_ { m , n } ( a , z ) $ integrals for the case that $ n $ is an odd multiple of $ 1/2 $ and subsequently an infinite series and a tight polynomial approximation which are valid for all values of $ m $ and $ n $ . +0 We present a complete set of the exact background and perturbation equations which describe the evolution of the universe throughout its history . We consider the cosmic inflation driven by a multiple number of the inflaton fields , which decay into both radiation and pressureless matter components . +1 We study connected , singular-hyperbolic , attracting sets with dense closed orbits { \em and only one singularity } . These sets are shown to be transitive for most $ C^r $ flows in the Baire 's second category sence . +1 In particular we address the question of whether or not X-rays can drive a disc wind . First , we construct a 1-dimensional `` quasi-hydrostatic '' model , which solves for the vertical structure introduced by X-ray heating . +0 In all cases , the phase space is foliated by a biquadratic curve in the dynamical variables ( and a set of suitably chosen angular momentum variables ) . This paper presents some alternative generalizations ( also completely integrable ) of the McMillan map to $ N $ -body systems . +0 Analytical and full numerical calculations show the possibility of stochastic control if the underlying semi-classical dynamics is chaotic . The aim is to identify the conditions for the locally and temporally controlled spin switching . +1 Are giant flares in magnetars viable sources of gravitational radiation ? Few theoretical studies have been concerned with this problem , with the small number using either highly idealized models or assuming a magnetic field orders of magnitude beyond what is supported by observations . +1 The B3LYP functional gives the top site as the preferred site . This confirms results from cluster studies where it was suggested that the different splitting , dependent on the functional , between highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital , could be the reason for this change of the adsorption site . +1 Ferromagnetic transition in three-dimensional double-exchange models is studied by the Monte Carlo method . Critical temperature $ T_ { \rm c } $ is precisely determined by finite-size scaling analysis . +1 We have observed the Blue Compact Dwarf ( BCD ) galaxy He 2-10 in the 10 microns mid-infrared ( MIR ) atmospheric window using broad-band filters centered at lambda=10.1 microns and lambda=11.65 microns . In both filters , only the galaxy 's central regions were detected . +1 In the total atomic hydrogen map , the spiral arms are well distinguished from the interarm regions , while the sensitivity allows detection of HI in all but a few isolated regions of the areas between the spiral arms . Most of the atomic hydrogen is located within the optical disc , but the HI extends to some 1.5R_opt . +1 At low fields , the effect of a magnetic field is through the direct modification of the quasiparticle density of states of the superconductor , and magnetic field and bias current are interchangable , as is expected for homogeneous dirty-limit superconductors . At the field where a first vortex enters the detector , the effect of the magnetic field is reduced , up until the point where the critical current of the detector starts to be determined by flux flow . +0 A procedure has been developed to find out surface termination when a slab of d ( hkl ) thickness is created having { hkl } orientation . The growth morphology and the effects of surface reconstruction/relaxation of the habit faces on the crystal morphology of urea crystal are investigated from first principle using the Hartman-Perdok approach . +0 ? to create the necessary indicators to evaluate these rules depending on designers choices . So we will present that to use DfD rules during the conceptual design phase , we first have : ? to identify which kind of rules can be applied when designers only have a functional representation of their product . +0 In this report the standard transport theories for superlattices , i.e.miniband conduction , Wannier-Stark-hopping , and sequential tunneling , are reviewed in detail . Electric transport in semiconductor superlattices is dominated by pronounced negative differential conductivity . +0 However , because of the largeness of space , the execution time remains usually polynomial in time . Doing that , they considerably reduce computation times . +1 We find that Globular Clusters could have contributed at most a small fraction of the current vertical energy of the disk , as they could heat the whole disk to { $ \sigma $ } $ _ { z } $ = 5.5kms $ ^ { { \rm - } { \rm 1 } } $ ( c.f . the observed 18 and 39 kms $ ^ { { \rm - } { \rm 1 } } $ for the thick and thin disks respectively ) . +1 Indeed , a growing number of permeability inducing factors ( PIFs ) was shown to elicit signaling mechanisms culminating in VE-cadherin destabilization and global alteration of the junctional architecture . Conversely , anti-PIFs protect from VE-cadherin disruption and enhance cell cohesion . +0 Alternatively , we interpret this result as a limit on accretion timescales as a fraction of white dwarf cooling ages ; white dwarfs accrete debris from several generations of disks for ~10Myr . Using an initial-final mass relation , we apply this result to the progenitor stars of our sample and conclude that 1-7Msol stars have at least a 4.3 % chance of hosting planets ; an indirect probe of the intermediate-mass regime eluding conventional exoplanetary detection methods . +0 More than 36 % of host galaxies are located in the `green valley ' , which suggests they are a transitional population . Optical spectroscopy of objects matched to X-ray point sources confirms a total of 27 AGN within the five structures , and we find that their host galaxies tend to be located away from dense cluster cores . +1 We correct for the host galaxy contribution by a spectral fit of the optical/UV data . We compute ensemble structure functions to analyse variability of multi-epoch data . +1 Combining this calculation with simulations at several gauge couplings , we estimate the strange quark mass in the continuum limit . The perturbative one-loop mass renormalization is comparable to that for Wilson quarks and considerably smaller than that for Kogut-Susskind quarks . +0 By fixing the orientation of polymeric chains , this method can be further extended to predict all polymorphs of poly ( vinylidene fluoride ) ( PVDF ) , and the complex linear polymer crystals , such as nylon-6 and cellulose . The new constrained evolutionary algorithm is successfully tested and validated on a diverse range of experimentally known polymers , namely polyethylene ( PE ) , polyacetylene ( PA ) , poly ( glycolic acid ) ( PGA ) , poly ( vinyl chloride ) ( PVC ) , poly ( oxymethylene ) ( POM ) , poly ( phenylene oxide ) ( PPO ) , and poly ( p-phenylene sulfide ) ( PPS ) . +0 We finish by showing some numerical experiments which illustrate the theoretical results presented in this paper . Practical issues about the implementation of the rule are also covered in this paper by : ( a ) writing down ready-to-implement algorithms ; ( b ) analysing the numerical stability of the computations and ( c ) estimating the overall computational cost . +0 In the generalized Gross-Neveu model limit , we derive an analytic expression for this susceptibility . We study the meson mass inequality quantitatively and define a susceptibility which allows us to systematically analyze the inequality . +0 They are described by $ N $ -step walks on a simple cubic lattice confined to the region $ 1 \le z \le D $ . Single three dimensional polymers confined to a slab , i.e.to the region between two parallel plane walls , are studied by Monte Carlo simulations . +0 In particular , the uSIDM subcomponent can undergo gravothermal collapse and form seed black holes in the center of a halo . Nevertheless , even a small fraction of ultra-strongly self-interacting dark matter ( uSIDM ) can have observable consequences on astrophysical scales . +1 Along the way , we find conditions on the metric of the holomorphic Hermitian vector bundle $ E_T $ corresponding to the operator $ T $ in the Cowen-Douglas class $ B_1 ( \mathbb D ) $ which ensures negative definiteness of the curvature function . We obtain a generalization for commuting tuples of operators in the class $ B_1 ( \Omega ) $ , for a bounded domain $ \Omega $ in $ \mathbb C^m $ . +0 The nontrivial correlation between the chiral restoration and the deconfinement are investigated by introducing the entanglement vertex in the PNJL model . The Polyakov-loop extended Nambu -- Jona-Lasinio ( PNJL ) model has the same properties as two-color QCD for $ { \cal C } { \mathbb Z } _ { 2 } $ symmetry and the pseudo-reality . +1 The X-ray model n_H values are in good agreement with the HI n_H values , implying that the hydrogen absorption towards the ULX is not local to the source , with the exception of M81 X-1 . Oxygen abundances and iron abundances are roughly solar for the host galaxies . +0 Four clear { \nu } e events have been visually identified over the full sample , compared with an expectation of 6.4 +- 0.9 events from conventional sources . The present analysis is based on a total sample of 1995 events of CNGS neutrino interactions , which corresponds to an almost doubled sample with respect to the previously published result . +0 Our solutions can be classified into two branches , which reduce to the self-accelerating and normal solutions in the limit of the original five-dimensional DGP model . In the simplest six-dimensional model , we derive the solutions . +0 Since we have a variety of notions of locality in our formulation , our method is manifestly basis -- set dependent . The approach considers the total free energy of a system as a functional of a local electronic Green function which is probed in the region of interest . +0 However , radiation damage to calorimeter sensors may be dominated by hadrons induced by nuclear interactions of shower photons , which are much more likely to contribute to the non-ionizing energy loss that has been observed to damage sensors exposed to hadronic radiation . For the innermost radius of this calorimeter , radiation doses at shower-max are expected to reach 100 MRad per year , primarily due to minimum-ionizing electrons and positrons that arise in the induced electromagnetic showers of e+e- `beamstrahlung ' pairs produced in the ILC beam-beam interaction . +0 In addition , it is desirable to incorporate global latent factors , such as topics , sentiments or writing styles , into the word embedding model . However some models are opaque to probabilistic interpretation , and MF-based methods , typically solved using Singular Value Decomposition ( SVD ) , may incur loss of corpus information . +1 By exploiting a mixed variational formulation and Lagrange multipliers method , an Euler- Bernoulli-like beam model which accounts for transverse interactions between different is presented . The fully coupled electromechanical nature of the system is described by including both mechanical and electrical kinematical descriptors and both direct and inverse piezoelectric effects . +1 This question has been resolved ( at least for $ H^1 $ data ) if $ M [ u ] E [ u ] \leq M [ Q ] E [ Q ] $ , where $ M [ u ] $ and $ E [ u ] $ denote the mass and energy of $ u $ , and $ Q $ denotes the ground state solution to $ -Q+\Delta Q +|Q|^2Q=0 $ . Here , we prove a new sufficient condition for blow-up using an interpolation type inequality and the virial identity that is applicable to certain initial data satisfying $ M [ u ] E [ u ] & gt ; M [ Q ] E [ Q ] $ . +0 The short-range term is calculated directly and integrated with the high-order Hermite scheme . The long-range interaction is calculated using the tree algorithm and integrated with the constant-timestep leapfrog integrator . +1 Specifically , we show that spiraling shallow refractive index landscapes induce coupling and periodic energy exchange between states with different topological charges . Such a resonant effect enables excitation of optical vortices by vortex-free inputs and allows the output topological charge of the beam to be controlled . +0 We find the distribution of extinct radio pulsars in spin period for two models : the model with hindered particle escape from the neutron star surface and the model with free particle escape . An important element that distinguishes our study from other works is a consistent allowance for the evolution of the angle between the magnetic and spin axes . +0 For instance , when the IT structures for the 2-dimensional ( 2D ) datasets are graphically presented , those undesired edges can be easily spotted and interactively determined . Although there are some edges in the IT structure requiring to be removed , such undesired edges are generally distinguishable from other edges and thus are easy to be determined . +1 The X-ray spectrum can be fit with a thermal model including an absorption component that partially covers the source . Most of the equivalent width of the iron fluorescent line in this model can be explained as a combination of reprocessing in a dense absorber plus reflection off a white dwarf surface , but it is likely that the continuum is partially seen in reflection as well . +0 We combine these data with re-analyzed archival Spitzer Space Telescope data to construct a SED for the pulsar , and quantify the contamination from the knot . We present high-quality UBVRIz , as well as adaptive optics JHK_sL ' photometry , achieved under excellent conditions with the FORS1 and NAOS/CONICA instruments at the VLT . +1 Such a formulation does not fully capture the goal of the allocation , which is to minimize the traffic between registers and memory . Linear scan has been proposed as an alternative to graph coloring , but in essence , it can be viewed as a greedy algorithm for graph coloring : coloring the vertices not in the order of their degrees , but in the order of their occurence in the program . +1 These challenges make the existing narrow-band radio surveys of the Galactic plane difficult to interpret : e.g.a small region of emission might be a supernova remnant ( SNR ) or an HII region , or a complex combination of both . Instantaneous wide bandwidth radio observations in combination with the capability for high resolution spectral index mapping , can be directly used to disentangle these effects . +0 We suggest that from the gauge theory point of view the development of instability is associated with singularity in the dimension of the operator corresponding to the tachyon field via the AdS/CFT map . It has been argued that this theory is stable up to a critical value of the `t Hooft coupling but is unstable beyond that point . +0 Numerical modeling shows the creation of various internal structures from fundamental localized ( eigen ) modes . We construct the multiscale representation for hierarchy of partition functions by means of the variational approach and multiresolution decomposition . +1 Since this model changes the evolution of the universe , we should not a priori expect the Cardassian age to be the same as the WMAP Friedmann derived result of 13.7 +/- 0.2 Gyrs . However , in the subset of Cardassian models we consider , we discover that the age of the universe varies from 13.4 - 13.8 Gyr over the range of parameter space we explore , a result close to that of the standard Lambda Cold Dark Matter model . +1 While complex Langevin dynamics is found to work correctly at larger beta , it fails for smaller beta , in the region of the phase diagram corresponding to the disordered phase . Diagnostic tests are developed to identify behaviour symptomatic of incorrect convergence . +1 In this study we compile for the first time comprehensive data sets of solar and stellar flare parameters , including flare peak temperatures T_p , flare peak volume emission measures EM_p , and flare durations t_f from both solar and stellar data , as well as flare length scales L from solar data . Key results are that both the solar and stellar data are consistent with a common scaling law of EM_p ~ T_p^4.7 , but the stellar flares exhibit ~250 times higher emission measures ( at the same flare peak temperature ) . +0 This modified Bethe-Weizsacker mass formula describes minutely the positions of all the old and the new magic numbers . Proton and neutron separation energies have been calculated using the extended Bethe-Weizsacker mass formula . +0 With it we find we are able to explain the few clusters that lie off the $ N_X $ -- $ \Gamma $ correlation , and resolve the discrepancy between observed GC core radii and the values predicted by theory . We derive a refined version of $ \Gamma $ that incorporates the finite lifetime of X-ray sources and the dynamical evolution of clusters . +1 Such research requires advances in optical techniques for the delivery of light through brain tissue with high spatial resolution . The tissue causes distortions of the wavefront of the incoming light which broadens the focus , thereby reducing the intensity and resolution especially in techniques requiring focal illumination . +1 When doing inference in ProbLog , a probabilistic extension of Prolog , we extend SLD resolution with some additional bookkeeping . This additional information is used to compute the probabilistic results for a probabilistic query . +1 The present paper , relying on the recently obtained noncommutativity effect on a static , spherically symmetric metric , considers from a new perspective the quantum amplitudes in black hole evaporation . The general relativity analysis of spin-2 amplitudes is shown to be modified by a multiplicative factor F depending on a constant non-commutativity parameter and on the upper limit R of the radial coordinate . +0 We discuss how these effects could be used to create new types of devices such as current effect transistors . The transverse ac drive can also be used to control switching in the longitudinal velocity response . +0 As described by stochastic thermodynamics , energy transfers in microscopic systems are random and thermal fluctuations induce transient decreases of entropy , allowing for possible violations of the Carnot limit . However , this bound needs to be reinterpreted at microscopic scales , where molecular bio-motors and some artificial micro-engines operate . +0 We find that the GRB host galaxies , most of them lying at 0.5 & lt ; z & lt ; 1.5 , exhibit very blue colours , comparable to those of the faint blue star-forming sources at high redshift . We compare their observed and absolute K magnitudes as well as their R-K colours with those of other distant sources detected in various optical , near-infrared , mid-infrared and submillimeter deep surveys . +0 Unlike the `` uniform-prescription '' /L-M prescription , we note , here , the absence of any non-local divergences in the 2-point proper vertex . The calculations are as easy as the other treatments based on other known prescriptions . +1 We discuss non-commutative generalisations of well-known singularities such as the Del Pezzo singularities and the conifold . We also introduce new techniques for deriving superpotentials , based on quivers with ghosts and a notion of generalised Seiberg duality . +0 A combination of Kirkwood theory and ab initio modeling provides a means of successfully accounting for this behavior both qualitatively and quantitatively . These trends can not be explain by simple Arrhenius behavior . +1 We propose a new prediction interval estimation method tailored for this type of data , which is prevalent in biology and medicine . We call this method Distribution Adaptive Prediction Interval Estimation given Nominal inputs ( DAPIEN ) and has four main phases . +1 The crossover temperature $ T_c $ corresponding to the maximal magnetization decays with system size , approximately as the inverse of the W Lambert function . The observed phenomenon can be understood as an interplay between the thermal fluctuations and the presence of the first cluster determined by initial conditions . +1 In nonadditive systems , some of the above properties can be violated . It is pointed out that the shape-dependence of the entropy density in a nonadditive system results in the violation of the Gibbs-Duhem equation . +0 Holographic interferometry uses this faculty to make a phase object interfere with a memory of itself at a preceding time , recorded on a hologram . Holography is an optical technique enabling to record phase objects . +1 Therefore , by simultaneously fitting the X-ray and lensing profiles of galaxy clusters new constraints can be obtained . In this work , we apply this methodology to the stacked profiles of 58 high-redshift ( $ 0.1 & lt ; z & lt ; 1.2 $ ) clusters using X-ray surface brightness profiles from the XMM Cluster Survey and weak lensing profiles from CFHTLenS . +0 Then many LPDEs which are not separable are solved , such as some second order elliptic equations , Stokes equations and so on . In the paper , base on some ideas of this method , we introduce a new technique to solve the Cauchy problem for some LPDEs with the initial conditions consisting of some trigonometric series , power series and exponential series . +1 We compute explicitly its semimartingale decomposition under both its own filtration $ \cF^X $ and the filtration $ \cF^ { X , Z } $ jointly generated by $ X $ and $ Z $ . Our construction is heavily based on parabolic PDE 's and filtering techniques . +1 The model has a continuous transition as a function of hole-density x and temperature T to a phase in which a current circulates in each unit cell . This phase preserves the translational symmetry of the lattice while breaking time-reversal invariance and the four-fold rotational symmetry . +0 Extinction maps reveal a low-extinction cavity in the densest parts of Arches ( R & lt ; 5 arcsec ) , indicating the depletion of dust due to stellar winds or photo-evaporation . The visual extinction increases by Delta A_V ~ 10 mag over a distance of 15 arcsec from the cluster core . +0 Consequently it appears that a new Cosmology , alternative to the classical Cosmology , is necessary , at least in the field of dark matter . Moreover , we remind that this classical Cosmology did not solve the enigma of the nature of dark matter , nor the enigma of its invisibility , nor the enigma of the constancy of the curve of velocities of stars in a galaxy . +0 To reduce vapor fraction during the final Joule-Thomson ( J-T ) expansion into the superfluid helium cooling bath , counter-flow , plate-fin heat exchangers will be utilized . Future superconducting radio frequency ( SRF ) cavities , as part of Project X at Fermilab , will be cooled to superfluid helium temperatures by a cryogenic distribution system supplying cold supercritical helium . +1 Moreover it is shown that the constants can be calculated explicitly in special cases ( i.e.for compact operators ) . Furthermore , the techniques also can be used to establish linear convergence for related methods such as the iterative thresholding algorithm for joint sparsity and the accelerated gradient projection method . +1 To this end we employ the technique of extended Burnside rings . Our main theorem is that the Ganter-Kapranov 2-character is a particular mark homomorphism of the Burnside ring . +0 We rederive the results from this thesis with novel streamlined proofs and expand them in several ways . An analysis of these quantities has so far been confined to the PhD thesis of Stefan Glasauer ( 1995 ) . +1 An effective tight-binding description of such helical Shiba chains involves long-range ( power-law ) hopping and pairing amplitudes which induce an unconventional topological critical point . At the critical point , we find exponentially localized Majorana bound states with a short localization length unrelated to a topological gap . +1 Moreover , we find an inequality between the warping function and the squared norm of the second fundamental form for such submanifolds . Equality case is also discussed . +0 In particular , we determine the Kaplan-Yorke dimension from the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents for iterated maps and for two coupled semiconductor lasers . The attractor dimension at the transition to complete synchronization in a network of chaotic units with time-delayed couplings is investigated . +1 The case $ n=4 $ was considered in [ GT ] where the authors prove that $ X $ is a Killing vector field while the manifold $ V^4 $ is isometric to the quotient of $ M^2\times ( R^2 , g_F ) \times R $ by the flow along the corresponding Killing field . Following an approach of [ GT ] we consider the next case $ n=5 $ and obtain the same result under the assumption that the set of zeros of $ X $ is not empty . +1 We present optical spectroscopy data that allowed a measurement of the redshift for the X-ray selected BL Lacertae object 1517+656 . With a redshift of z = 0.702 this object has an absolute magnitude of B = -26.4 and is also an extremely powerful radio and X-ray source . +1 We find that in some samples , changes in the contact resistance dominate the measured resistance change . In others , strain large enough to fracture the tube can be applied without a significant change in the contact resistance . +1 The sample is a mix of 74 % evolved horizontal branch stars and 26 % blue stragglers . We estimate distances to the stars using observed colors , metallicities , and stellar evolution tracks . +1 Grain boundary ( GB ) enthalpies in nanocrystalline ( NC ) $ \mathrm { Pd_ { 90 } Au_ { 10 } } $ are studied after preparation , thermal relaxation and plastic deformation . By comparing results from atomistic computer simulations and calorimetry , we show that increasing plastic deformation of equilibrated NC $ \mathrm { Pd_ { 90 } Au_ { 10 } } $ specimen causes an increase of the stored GB enthalpy $ \Delta \gamma $ . +0 The $ e^- e^- $ collision mode of a future linear collider is shown to be an excellent environment for such high precision measurements of these SUSY parameters , which will provide an important probe of superparticles beyond reachable energies . These violations are analogous to the oblique corrections in the electroweak sector of the standard model , and can be parametrized in terms of super-oblique parameters . +0 In general , proving termination needs acyclicity , unless program-specific or non-automated reasoning is performed . In heap-based languages , knowing that a variable x points to an acyclic data structure is useful for analyzing termination : this information guarantees that the depth of the data structure to which x points is greater than the depth of the structure pointed to by x.fld , and allows bounding the number of iterations of a loop which traverses the data structure on fld . +1 Four-wave mixing ( 4WM ) is a known source of intense non-classical twin beams . It can be generated when an intense laser beam ( the pump ) and a weak laser beam ( the seed ) overlap in a $ \chi^ { ( 3 ) } $ medium ( here cesium vapor ) , with frequencies close to resonance with atomic transitions . +0 First the current status of empirical results is critically reviewed as it forms the basis for the calibration of models needed for quantitative predictions . It provides an extensive overview of various aspects of pedestrian dynamics , focussing on evacuation processes . +0 Moreover , based on the calculations the underlying mechanism was proposed to be Arsenic-bridged antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction between the next-nearest neighbor Fe moments . By the calculations , LaFeAsO was first predicted to be an antiferromagnetic semimetal , and the novel bi-collinear antiferromagnetic order was predicted for $ \alpha $ -FeTe . +0 We study a set of simple scenarios where the variability is produced by injection of relativistic electrons as a `shock front ' crosses the emission region . For the first time all the light travel time effects ( LCTE ) are fully considered , along with a proper treatment of Compton cooling , which depends on them . +0 As Mesoudi and O'Brien ( 2008 ) have shown , selection broadly favors social learning of information that is hierarchical and structured , and multiple studies have demonstrated that teaching within a social learning environment can increase fitness . During the later Paleolithic , technologies increase not only in terms of diversity but also in their complexity and interdependence . +0 We describe preliminary calculations in 3+1 dimensions which indicate that the same will be true there . We also find that , when expressed in units of the dynamical length scale of the theory , the dimensionful coupling g^2 is proportional to 1/N at large N. We confirm that these theories are indeed confining in the limit N \to \infty . +0 We will show that electrons in the atomic shells are stripped during the acceleration process , when the atoms already move relativistically . In the interstellar medium atoms heavier then hydrogen which start the diffusive shock acceleration ( DSA ) are never fully ionized at the moment of injection . +0 The results are compared to the analogous results found for a sample of light quark ( uds ) jets , also defined inclusively . The charged particle multiplicity distribution of the gluon jets is presented , and is analyzed for its mean , dispersion , skew , and curtosis values , and for its factorial and cumulant moments . +0 The dynamical unit is taken to be clusters of granules that belong to the same collective structure . We introduce a theoretical model for the compaction of granular materials by discrete vibrations which is expected to hold when the intensity of vibration is low . +0 This paper gives an overview of recent progress in the field of 3D NLTE synthesis of polarized spectral lines resulting from investigations with the radiative transfer code PORTA . The necessary step towards the interpretation of such spectra is to study the line formation in sufficiently realistic 3D MHD models and comparison of the synthetic spectra with observations . +0 We compare equations and solutions in several different gauge conditions available in both methods . We compare the cosmological first-order post-Newtonian ( 1PN ) approximation with the relativistic cosmological linear perturbation theory in a zero-pressure medium with the cosmological constant . +1 Most content on social networks is difficult to model because the modes and motivation of human expression are diverse and incompletely understood . We introduce content transfer , an information-theoretic measure with a predictive interpretation that directly quantifies the strength of the effect of one user 's content on another 's in a model-free way . +0 Further , we provide the conditions under which the dynamics of the extents of reaction exhibit cooperative behavior . Further , it is shown that the dynamics of the extents of flow exhibit cooperative behavior . +1 In this paper we establish global Lp regularity properties of Fourier integral operators . The orders of decay of the amplitude are determined for operators to be bounded on $ L^p ( \Rn ) $ , $ 1 & lt ; p & lt ; \infty $ , as well as to be bounded from Hardy space $ H^1 ( \Rn ) $ to $ L^1 ( \Rn ) $ . +1 Such metric quantifies the amount of common randomness extractable through public discussion between two legitimate nodes under an eavesdropper attack . We show some general topological properties that the desired max-min solutions shall satisfy . +1 For LBP , we adopt a recently proposed `` turbo '' message passing schedule that alternates between exploitation of HMT structure and exploitation of compressive-measurement structure . For the latter , we leverage Donoho , Maleki , and Montanari 's recently proposed approximate message passing ( AMP ) algorithm . +1 The density parameters of both components are then constant , as they expand as a^ { -4 } . If the field energy is then prevalently kinetic , as is expected , its energy is exactly half of the pressureless component ; the dual component as a whole , then , has a density parameter \Omega_ { cd } = 3/4\beta^2 ( e.g. , for \beta~2.5 , \Omega_ { cd } ~0.1 , in accordance with Dark Radiation expectations ) . +1 In this case , the amplitude of the SSCS increases as the number of the subtracted photons gets larger . For example , two-photon subtraction from a squeezed vacuum state of 6.1dB can generate a SSCS of $ \alpha=1.26 $ , while in the case of the four-photon subtraction a SSCS of a larger amplitude $ \alpha=1.65 $ is obtained under the same condition . +0 We show that even in this case Shor 's algorithm computes the period with constant probability . The first improvement is the usage of a period function which is not one-to-one on its period . +1 This project involved writing new algorithms to analyze Kepler data , finding planets , and conducting follow-up work using ground-based telescopes . I found that most stars have at least one planet at or within Earth 's orbit and that 26 % of Sun-like stars have an Earth-size planet with an orbital period of 100 days or less . +1 \cite { DD95 } ) which serves as the standard model of self-organized criticality . The transience class of a sandpile is defined as the maximum number of particles that can be added without making the system recurrent ( \cite { BT05 } ) . +1 The cluster stands out as a clear overdensity both in redshift space , and in the spatial distribution of galaxies close to the center of the extended X-ray emission . The cluster core region ( r & lt ; 200 kpc ) shows a clearly enhanced passive fraction with respect to field levels . +0 For both cases Lorentz invariance is recovered at long wavelengths . For small wavelength modes , the Green 's function for $ f_+ $ exhibits a remarkable transition from Lorentz to Galilean invariance , whereas for $ f_- $ such modes effectively do not propagate . +0 Using numerical simulations of all chains containing eight or ten monomers , we examine the sequence dependence at a fixed temperature . The model is two-dimensional and has two different `` amino acids '' . +1 The goal of this work is to find an appropriate criterion to analyze statistical tests in this setting . A suitable model for analysis is the high-dimensional model in which both $ n $ and $ m $ increase to infinity , and $ n=o ( m ) $ . +1 As this equation is very cumbersome , we also study , in parallel to it , its simplified version which keeps the most essential term : the term which accounts for the { \it nonlinear diffraction } . The full equation additionally includes terms generated by a deviation from the paraxial approximation and by a longitudinal electric-field component in the beam . +1 In quantum information theory , for $ a , b $ two positive operators living in $ B ( \mathcal { H } ) $ , where $ \mathcal { H } $ is a separable Hilbert space , the quantum fidelity is denoted by $ a*b = ( b^ { 1/2 } ab^ { 1/2 } ) ^ { 1/2 } $ . One of the aim of this let ter is to interpret the quantum fidelity as an algebraic law . +1 The key is to derive an iteration bound based on a frequency decomposition of the solution . This iteration bound is different than the one used earlier in the work of Bourgain , and is less dependent on the structure of the nonlinearity . +0 Measuring dust emission directly from these galaxies is thus a more accurate way to estimate the total dust mass , giving us real physical information on the stellar populations and interstellar medium ( ISM ) enrichment . This can be tricky , as both dust and old stars redden galactic spectra at the wavelengths used to infer dust . +1 Web services are building blocks of interoperable systems . Composing Web services makes the processes capable of doing complex tasks . +1 These topics are used when submitting a document to a digital mathematics library and to perform searches in a library . The latter are refined by the use of these topics as they allow a precise classification of the mathematics area this document addresses . +0 We give the explicit conversion from the Casimir force to Planck 's law of radiation , which shows the apparent correspondence between the system bounded by parallel conducting plates and the thermodynamic system . In terms of the imaginary-time formalism at finite temperature , the root of Planck 's law of radiation can be traced back to finite modification of the infinite vacuum energy induced by the periodic boundary condition in the temporal direction . +0 Einstein equations result , according to that formalism , in a coupled elliptic-hyperbolic system . D { \bf 70 } , 104007 ( 2004 ) ] proposed a new formulation for 3+1 numerical relativity . +0 We examine the effect of uncertainties in stellar model parameters on estimates of the masses , radii and average densities of solar-type stars . Accurate and precise values of radii and masses of stars are needed to correctly estimate properties of extrasolar planets . +0 We also perform the experimental demonstration using a silica microresonator . We develop a theory to describe the transient optomechanical behavior underlying the Ramsey fringes . +1 Recent study of the analogous He-4 system has shown that the effect of heterogeneity is to yield a density of states N ( E ) that is qualitatively different from the one-dimensional ( 1D ) form of N ( E ) that would occur for an ideal set of identical channels . In particular , the functional form of N ( E ) is that of a 4D gas near the very lowest energies and a 2D gas at somewhat higher energies . +0 Several tradeoff relations between the one-way unlocalizable quantum discord and other correlations are given . We provide a polygamy inequality for it in tripartite pure quantum system of arbitrary dimension . +1 We have also shown that the ring closing time for a chain with hydrodynamic interaction in theta solvent scales with the chain length ( N ) as N^ ( 1.527 ) , in good agreement with previous renormalization group calculation based prediction by Freidman et al . ( Phys.Rev.A . 40 , 5950 ( 1989 ) ) . +0 We also find that small values of the mass parameter mA ( \lsim 120 GeV ) , which would relax the experimental constraint on mH , do not weaken the transition noticeably for a light enough stop . We find a transition somewhat stronger than in 2-loop perturbation theory , leading to the conclusion that from the point of view of the non-equilibrium constraint , MSSM electroweak baryogenesis can be allowed even for a Higgs mass mH \approx 115 GeV . +0 The poor cluster AWM4 is clearly established as a fossil system , and we confirm the fossil nature of four other systems ( RXJ1331.5+1108 , RXJ1340.6+4018 , RXJ1256.0+2556 and RXJ1416.4+2315 ) , while the cluster RXJ1552.2+2013 is disqualified as fossil system . We study six groups and clusters of galaxies suggested in the literature to be `fossil ' systems ( i.e.to have luminous diffuse X-ray emission and a magnitude gap of at least 2 mag-R between the first and the second ranked member within half of the virial radius ) , each having good quality X-ray data and SDSS spectroscopic or photometric coverage out to the virial radius . +1 Magneto-transport measurements revealed that magneto-resistance MR is found to be maximum near TFM . Further the increased MR of up to 60 % is seen above 300 K for higher silver added samples in an applied field of 7 Tesla . +0 Under certain conditions , the symmetric or asymmetric entangled state is produced in the steady state . The scheme is based on the competition between the unitary dynamics induced by the classical fields and the collective decays induced by the dissipation of two delocalized field modes . +0 The proofs of the results in this note are included in an updated copy ( Version 3 ) of the paper arxiv:1301.1140 . We also assert that these formulas are the `` best possible '' , in that they do not hold in general for other highest weight modules in a very precise sense . +0 The boson sampler with few dozens of single photons is believed to be hard to simulate on a classical computer . Four experimental groups have already tested their small-scale prototypes with up to four photons . +0 For thermophotovoltaic energy conversion applications requiring energy transfer in the near-infrared range we introduce high temperature hyperbolic metamaterials based on plasmonic materials with a high melting point . We consider practical phonon-polaritonic metamaterials for thermal engineering in the mid-infrared range and show that the effect exists in spite of the losses , absorption and finite unit cell size . +1 After that , a coarse saliency map is obtained by integrating the four adjusted Mahalanobis distance maps , each of which is formed by the distances between all the patches and background in the corresponding SBD . To be more discriminative , the coarse saliency map is further enhanced into the posterior probability map within Bayesian perspective . +0 The fact that such `` stringspaces '' essentially provide spacetime points with extendedness is relevant for the fuzziness of geometric spacetime observables in ways that we preliminarily characterize through an analysis of the distance observable on a two-dimensional stringspace and through the observation that by implementing the Amati-Ciafaloni-Veneziano/Gross-Mende uncertainty relation in the phase space of the pregeometric string one could have stringspaces with a novel type of fuzzy coordinates . We also observe that from our pregeometric perspective it is rather natural to contemplate a spacetime whose pregeometric picture is based on the phase-space coordinates ( fields ) of a string . +1 We compared RXTE data from a superburst with these spectra and found that the spectra predicted by previously published model atmospheres are strongly inconsistent with these high-precision measurements . In contrast , a simple Bose-Einstein spectrum is fully consistent with the data , as are recently published model atmosphere spectra . +0 The factorization formulas can be employed in order to implement the simultaneous resummation of soft emission and small mass effects up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy . We discuss the factorization of the differential cross section in the double soft gluon emission and small top-quark mass limit , both in Pair Invariant Mass ( PIM ) and One Particle Inclusive ( 1PI ) kinematics . +0 Their proof is based on Riehm 's classification of bilinear forms . They proved that all isometries of V over a field F of characteristic not 2 have determinant 1 if and only if V has no orthogonal summands of odd dimension ( the case of characteristic 2 was also considered ) . +0 We develop a structure theory for certain graphs $ G_x $ of unramified Hecke operators , which is of a similar vein to Serre 's theory of quotients of Bruhat Tits trees . However , they will prove to be a powerful tool for explicit calculations and proofs of finite dimensionality results . +0 Simulations have provided the means to make concrete predictions for the X-ray morphologies of clusters in cosmologies with different $ \Omega_o $ , with the result that low $ \Omega_o $ cosmologies fair rather poorly when compared to observations . One of the most fruitful results of this approach is the { \sl morphology -- cosmology connection } for X-ray clusters . +0 We first define a precise framework in which to study adaptive load balancing , important features of which are its stochastic nature and the purely local information available to individual agents . We study the process of multi-agent reinforcement learning in the context of load balancing in a distributed system , without use of either central coordination or explicit communication . +1 The latter paper uses the Bellman approach . Immediately a very natural and seemingly simple question arises how to strengthen the bump conjecture result by weakening its assumptions in a natural symmetric way . +1 We perform simulations to examine the accuracy of the derived distribution when nuisance parameters have to be estimated as well as robustness of the derived distribution to deviations from Gaussianity . Through simulations , we also compare it with the well-known conditional distribution of the mle , which may be interpreted as a Bayesian solution to the change-point problem . +1 It is known that this problem can be formulated as an optimization problem on the Stiefel manifold . Riemannian optimization techniques can be used to solve this optimization problem . +0 For the primaries ( Sun and Jupiter ) , we pick a realistic mass ratio $ \mu=10^ { -3 } $ and a small eccentricity $ e_0 & gt ; 0 $ . This problem is often used to model Sun -- Jupiter -- asteroid systems . +0 We set up an evaluation protocol for beat-event localization as well as for shot classification , depending on whether movies from the same franchise are present or not in the training data . We show that temporal constraints significantly improve the classification performance . +1 Within the project Galactic Cold Cores we are carrying out Herschel photometric observations of cold interstellar clouds detected with the Planck satellite . The three fields observed as part of the Herschel science demonstration phase ( SDP ) provided the first glimpse into the nature of these sources . +1 The branching fraction for this decay can be substantially enhanced in new physics models . The kinematics of the tau from the signal B decay are inferred from the K+ , mu , and other B in the event , which is fully reconstructed in one of a variety of hadronic decay modes , allowing the signal B candidate to be fully reconstructed . +1 This completes the analysis , known in the current literature , with respect to the same model in the limit of N and volume going to infinity , keeping the density constant . For the latter the proper axis of quantization is given by the Hamiltonian of the two-level atoms and for the former the proper axis of quantization is defined by the interaction . +0 This work removes an uncheckable condition of Silnikov [ Equation ( 11 ) , page 625 of L. P. Silnikov , Soviet Math . Around the homoclinic tube , Bernoulli shift dynamics of submanifolds is established through shadowing lemma . +1 We identify the `` catch-up phenomenon '' as a novel explanation for the slow convergence of Bayesian methods . Based on this analysis we define the switch distribution , a modification of the Bayesian marginal distribution . +0 A local quantum critical picture has emerged , in which magnetic interactions suppress Kondo screening precisely at the magnetic quantum critical point ( QCP ) . Motivated by these experiments , considerable theoretical efforts have recently been devoted to reexamine the interplay between Kondo screening and magnetic interactions in Kondo lattice systems . +0 In our approach we fit the full optical spectra rather than a select number of spectral indices and are able to , for the first time , measure the abundances of the elements V , Cr , Mn , Co , and Ni from the integrated light of distant galaxies . Our population synthesis model includes variation in 16 elements from C to Ba , the shift in effective temperature , Delta ( Teff ) , of the stars with respect to a solar metallicity isochrone , amongst other parameters . +1 Here , we derive predictions for the ( smoothed ) cumulants of the velocity divergence field $ \theta \equiv \nabla\cdot\vv $ for an irrotational fluid in the SC model . By comparing with the exact analytic results by Scoccimarro & amp ; Frieman ( 1996 ) , it is shown that , at least for the unsmoothed case , the loop corrections to the cumulants of $ \theta $ are dominated by tidal effects . +0 More exactly we are interested in mathematical models with fast oscillating magnetic fields . The topic of this paper concerns a different approach leading to plasma confinement . +0 In particular the tails of the distributions are very well reproduced . The discretised theoretical distributions matching the empirical data from the Federal Reserve System ( FRS ) are deduced from a discretised seed which enjoys remarkable scaling laws . +0 We use the corrected Newtonian potential in a dispersion-kurtosis Jeans analysis to account for the mass-anisotropy degeneracy . In this framework , we model long-slit data and planetary nebulae data out to 7 Re of three galaxies with either decreasing or flat dispersion profiles . +0 The study has been performed at high temperature on heavily deformed Ti-modified austenitic stainless steel using X-ray diffraction technique . The mechanism of the evolution of the deformed microstructure at the earliest stage of annealing where the existence of the lowest length scale substructure paves the way to the formation of the so-called subgrains , has been studied for the first time . +0 In this new approach , some of the objects which were initially considered low-mass peaks belong to regions with higher overdensities . Note that $ r $ depends on both halo mass and age . +1 This class of data is based on functions which vary slowly in one direction . The idea is that 2-D inhomogeneous Navier-Stokes system with large data is globally well-posedness and we construct the 3-D approximate solutions by the 2-D solutions with a parameter . +0 In this paper we study production of $ c \bar c $ pairs including several subleading mechanisms . We show that the present knowledge of gluon distributions does not allow to make a precise predictions for $ c \bar c $ production at LHC , in particular at forward rapidities . +1 The H3+ ion plays a key role in the chemistry of dense interstellar gas clouds where stars and planets are forming . The low temperatures and high extinctions of such clouds make direct observations of H3+ impossible , but lead to large abundances of H2D+ and D2H+ which are very useful probes of the early stages of star and planet formation . +1 In this note , we show that hcap ( A ) is comparable to a more geometric quantity hsiz ( A ) that we define to be the 2-dimensional Lebesgue measure of the union of all balls tangent to R whose centers belong to A . Our main result is that hsiz ( A ) /66 & lt ; hcap ( A ) leq 7 hsiz ( A ) / ( 2 pi ) . +1 Using standard calculus , explicit formulas for the one-dimensional continuous and discrete homotopy operators are derived . It is shown that these formulas are equivalent to those in terms of Euler operators obtained from the variational complex . +0 Our novel achievable strategy improves the rates proposed in the literature for the non-hybrid adversarial model . However , the secrecy capacity is non-zero even when the receiver is allowed to feed back only one bit at the end of each block . +1 } $ ( 2014 ) , which contains a ( non-unity ) prefactor on the advection term , previously unaccounted for in all studies . Specifically , we present three separate 2D DNS : one that is doubly-periodic , one that is singly-periodic , and one that is non-periodic ( i.e.no-slip is imposed at the lateral boundaries ) . +0 We also extended the theories to high temperatures and argued the possibilities of meltings and suppressions of heavy quarkonium states . The linear confinement of quarks in a class of these theories using gravity duals that capture the logarithmic runnings of the coupling constants in the IR and strongly coupled asymptotic conformal behavior in the UV was studied in our previous work . +1 We show that an elastic description of the pinned Wigner crystal provides an excellent framework to obtain most of the physically relevant observables . Using such a description , we compute the static and dynamical properties . +0 The approximate parity-independence of the deuteron optical potentials is shown to arise from the nontrivial interference between antisymmetrization and channel coupling to the deuteron breakup channels . The combined calculations provide a more reliable estimate of the odd-even splitting of the potentials than previously found , suggesting a rather moderate role for this splitting in deuteron-nucleus scattering generally . +1 An unavoidable property of powder-in-tube conductors is that there is about 30 % void space in the as-drawn wire . We have recently shown that the gas present in the as-drawn Bi-2212 wire agglomerates into large bubbles and that they are presently the most deleterious current limiting mechanism . +1 Based on a second order explicit method in time , a completely discrete scheme is examined and optimal error estimates are established with a mild condition on the space and time discretizing parameters . Finally , some numerical experiments are conducted which confirm the theoretical order of convergence . +1 Let E be an elliptic curve over Q ( or , more generally , a number field ) . Then on the one hand , we have the finitely generated abelian group E ( Q ) , on the other hand , there is the Shafarevich-Tate group Sha ( Q , E ) . +0 The traveling chain of cars correspond to the dragged spring-block system . The main elements of the system are blocks ( modeling cars ) , springs with unidirectional interactions ( modeling distance keeping interactions between neighbors ) , static and kinetic friction ( modeling inertia of drivers and cars ) and spatiotemporal disorder in the values of these friction forces ( modeling differences in the driving attitudes ) . +1 The $ ep $ scattering potential $ V_ { e'N ' , eN } $ consists of the leading one off mass shell photon exchange part and the nonlocal multi-particle exchange potential . Unlike to the other field-theoretical equations , both protons in the unitarity condition and in $ V_ { e'N ' , eN } $ are on mass shell . +1 These results can not be explained by energy transfer from waves to electrons or by the motion of magnetized electrons through the shock . Electric field fluctuations on the scale of the electron gyro-diameter were found to be of finite amplitude in the shock ramp , which requires that the electron trajectories be more random and chaotic than orderly and adiabatic . +0 When the Gauss-Bonnet term is dominant , tensor perturbations exhibit violent negative instabilities on small-scales about a de Sitter background in spite of the fact that scale-invariant scalar perturbations can be achieved . We find that it is possible to realize observationally supported spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations provided that the correction is dominated by the $ ( \nabla \phi ) ^4 $ term even in the absence of the dilaton potential . +0 As the innovation $ \ { \varepsilon_i\ } $ is usually not observable , the residual marked empirical process $ \hat { \alpha } _n ( x ) =\frac { 1 } { n } \sum_ { i=1 } ^ng ( X_i/a_n ) I ( \hat { \varepsilon } _i\l eq x ) , x\in\mathbb { R } , $ is considered instead , where $ \hat { \varepsilon } _i=X_i-\hat { \beta } X_ { i-1 } $ and $ \hat { \beta } $ is a consistent estimate of $ \beta. $ In particular , via the martingale decomposition of stationary process and the stochastic integral result of Jakubowski ( Ann.Probab . Herein , $ g ( \cdot ) $ is a continuous function on $ \mathbb { R } $ and $ \ { a_n\ } $ is a sequence of self-normalizing constants . +1 Because of the long Fermi wavelength of itinerant electrons , the quantum limit of elemental bismuth ( unlike most metals ) can be attained with a moderate magnetic field . The quantized orbits of electrons shrink with increasing magnetic field . +1 Some of the properties we derive appear to be inconsistent with any of the models put forward to explain the breaking of self-similarity in the baryon content of clusters . In particular , the entropy profiles , scaled to the virial radius , are broadly similar in form across the sample , apart from a normalization factor which differs from the simple self-similar scaling with temperature . +0 We investigate in detail the influence of external nonclassical light fields on current-voltage step structures of the MJJ . In this paper , we study the supercurrent in a mesoscopic Josephson junction ( MJJ ) and its quantum statistical properties in the presence of nonclassical light fields . +1 We look at certain thought experiments based upon the 'delayed choice ' and 'quantum eraser ' interference experiments , which present a complementarity between information gathered from a quantum measurement and interference effects . It has been argued that these experiments show the Bohm interpretation of quantum theory is untenable . +1 In this article we discuss the problem of calculating optimal model-independent ( robust ) bounds for the price of Asian options with discrete and continuous averaging . We will give geometric characterisations of the maximising and the minimising pricing model for certain types of Asian options in discrete and continuous time . +1 At redshift z=2.25 , the effects on the flux statistics are of a similar magnitude as the statistical uncertainties of published data sets . The changes in the flux statistics are not due to differences in the temperature-density relation of the photo-ionised gas . +1 The extrapolated virial masses today are uncertain with estimates ranging from 10^8 Msun to 10^9 Msun . We show that the progenitor halo masses of UFDs can be as low as Mvir = 10^7 Msun . +0 Motivated by the relative lack of studies on the potential implications of gravitational radiation for the large-scale structure of the universe , we consider its coupling to density perturbations during the post-recombination era . In cosmology , gravitational-wave distortions are produced by most of the inflationary scenarios and their anticipated detection should open a new window to the early universe . +0 If it is physically associated , then its absolute magnitude at 4.5um is ~1 mag fainter than the faintest known T dwarfs , making it a strong candidate for the coolest known brown dwarf . The comoving source has a projected separation of 130 '' , corresponding to 2500 AU at the distance of the primary ( 19.2 pc ) . +1 A comparison between the predicted and the observed number of lensed radio sources allows a determination of the current value of Omega-Lambda . If there are six strongly lensed sources in this sample , our 95 % confidence upper limit on Lambda in a flat universe is 0.79 . +1 We consider closed manifolds , which occur as intersections of products of spheres of the same dimension with certain hyperplanes . Among those are the so called ( big ) polygon- and chain spaces . +1 The phenomenon is manifested through the analysis of several magnitudes , as the jamming limit and the particle-particle correlation function . The effect of correlations in one dimension manifests in the increased tendency to particle chaining in the substrate . +0 Methods : We compared linear polarization maps from dust continuum , obtained with PolKa at APEX , and $ ^ { 12 } $ CO ( $ J=2\rightarrow1 $ ) and ( $ J=1\rightarrow0 $ ) from the IRAM 30-m telescope and found no consistency between the two sets of polarization maps . The difference in phase shift between the orthogonally polarized components of this scattered emission can cause a transformation of linear to circular polarization . +0 At the gate voltages at which the current is at the maximum current , a significant decrease in the current shot noise is observed . This rectification occurs for gate voltages for which the normal-metal lead is resonant with a level of the quantum dot . +0 This is a serious concern for radio estimates of the local star formation rate density , as a substantial fraction of the ultraviolet luminosity density is generated by sub-L* galaxies at low redshifts . Our spectroscopic redshifts for 169 radio sources reveal a flat median redshift distribution , and these sources are hosted by similarly luminous optical L* galaxies , regardless of redshift . +1 Much attention has been focused on ^ { 100 } Mo and ^ { 82 } Se with their large Q_ { \beta\beta } -values . The detector is based on the direct detection of the two electrons by a tracking device and on the measurement of their energies by a calorimeter . +1 For $ 0 & lt ; \alpha & lt ; 1 $ we furnish the closed form expressions for the inverse Laplace transforms $ \mathcal { L } ^ { -1 } [ F ( p^ { \alpha } ) ; x ] $ and $ \mathcal { L } ^ { -1 } [ p^ { \alpha-1 } F ( p^ { \alpha } ) ; x ] $ . In both cases they involve definite integration with kernels which are appropriately rescaled one-sided L\ ' { e } vy stable probability distribution functions $ g_ { \alpha } ( x ) $ , $ 0 & lt ; \alpha & lt ; 1 $ , $ x & gt ; 0 $ . +1 Several experiments have now confirmed the observation of neutrino oscillations by detecting neutrinos from secondary nuclear processes in the Sun ; this is the first direct spectral measurement of the neutrinos from the keystone proton-proton fusion . This observation is a crucial step towards the completion of the spectroscopy of pp-chain neutrinos , as well as further validation of the LMA-MSW model of neutrino oscillations . +1 We study theoretically the effect of interactions between quantum phase slips in a short superconducting wire beyond the dilute phase slip approximation . In contrast to the smooth transition in dissipative Josephson junctions , our analysis shows that treating these interactions in a self consistent manner leads to a very sharp transition with a critical resistance of $ R_Q= h/ ( 4e^2 ) $ . +1 Denial of service attack by multiple nodes is accomplished of disturbing the services of rival servers . The attack can be for multiple reasons . +0 The turbulence is statistically homogeneous , isotropic , and mirror -- symmetric . We study numerically the dependence of the critical magnetic Reynolds number Rmc for the turbulent small-scale dynamo on the hydrodynamic Reynolds number Re . +0 We have performed first-principles electronic structure calculations of these compounds doped with Ce using the pseudopotential method based on the generalized gradient approximation in density functional theory . There is disagreement in the literature concerning La2Hf2O7 : Ce as it has been reported to show both bright as well as no Ce activated luminescence by different experimental groups . +0 We contribute to both theory and practice of such phenomenon by presenting a new interference model that perfectly explains this phenomenon and using extensive experiments to validate it . The method leverages a newly observed phenomenon called critical state caused by interference among passive tags . +0 It shows clearly in the pattern that there are two kinds of interactions at the early stage of Au + Au collisions at $ \sqnn=200 $ GeV generated by RQMD with hadron re-scattering and AMPT with string melting . To the end , a spatial-dependent azimuthal multiplicity-correlation pattern is suggested . +0 We analyze the conditions for the existence of these bound states , and discuss their intriguing properties . We show that after the flips the dynamics is characterized by the creation of two types of exciton-biexciton composites . +0 In agreement with other approaches , the JQP based criterion leads to the result that all non-factorizable pure states of two spin-1/2s are non-classical . The said criterion identifies a state as classical if a suitably defined JQP of the eigenvalues of spin components in suitably chosen three or two orthogonal directions is non-negative . +0 This means that whenever $ E\subset F $ are finite-dimensional $ 1 $ -exact operator systems , $ \phi : E\rightarrow \mathbb { GS } $ is a unital complete isometry , and $ \varepsilon & gt ; 0 $ , there is a linear extension $ \widehat { \phi } : F\rightarrow \mathbb { GS } $ of $ \phi $ such that $ ||\widehat { \phi } ||_ { cb } { } ||\widehat { \phi } ^ { -1 } ||_ { cb } \leq 1+\varepsilon $ . By means of Fra\ '' { i } ss\ ' { e } theory for metric structures developed by Ben Yaacov , we show that there exists a separable $ 1 $ -exact operator system $ \mathbb { GS } $ -- -which we call the Gurarij operator system -- -of almost universal disposition . +0 Simulation results and theoretical analyses exhibit that the Petschek outflow channel becomes narrower when the reconnection inflow contains more magnetic energy , as previously claimed . We further observe a quasi-steady evolution thanks to an open boundary condition , and find that the Petschek-type structure is stable over the long time period . +0 It is offline/online decomposable and can thus be efficiently used in the context of model reduction . The estimator is based on the idea of a conforming reconstruction of the discrete diffusive flux , that can be computed using local information only . +0 For the first time $ \omega $ mesons could be reconstructed in a heavy-ion reaction at a bombarding energy which is well below the production threshold in free nucleon-nucleon collisions . We present results on dielectron production in Ar+KCl collisions at 1.76A GeV . +1 This permits a general procedure to be given for the preparation of pseudo-pure states on any number of spins , subject to the limitations imposed by the loss of signal from the selected subensemble . The preparation of a single pseudo-pure state is demonstrated by carbon and proton NMR on 13C-labeled alanine . +1 Quantum cryptography is going to find practically useful applications . Recently some first quantum cryptographic solutions became available on the market . +1 The approach we use is based on the Galilei group , where the non-commutativity is seen as a central extension upon identification of the boost generators with the position operator . We perform a systematic study of the free particle , defined by the symmetries of the space time , which include the no-commutativity . +0 We have analyzed the dependence of the Stokes-I line strength and width as well as of the Stokes-V signal and asymmetries on the magnetic field strength . Stokes profiles of Zeeman-sensitive lines of neutral iron in the visible and infrared spectral ranges emerging from the simulated atmosphere have been calculated in order to study their relation to the relevant physical quantities and compare with observational results . +0 We present Always Best Packet Switching ( ABPS ) , an operation mode to perform network handover in a seamless way without the need to change the current network infrastructure and configuration . We present the main wireless technologies , software architectures and protocols that need to be exploited , such as multihop , multipath communication and mobility support through multihoming . +1 The RSS exhibits nonlinear behavior for narrow InAs/GaSb QWs and the oscillating feature for wide InAs/GaSb QWs . The nonlinear and oscillating behaviors arise from the weakened and enhanced interband coupling . +1 Herein , $ g ( \cdot ) $ is a continuous function on $ \mathbb { R } $ and $ \ { a_n\ } $ is a sequence of self-normalizing constants . As the innovation $ \ { \varepsilon_i\ } $ is usually not observable , the residual marked empirical process $ \hat { \alpha } _n ( x ) =\frac { 1 } { n } \sum_ { i=1 } ^ng ( X_i/a_n ) I ( \hat { \varepsilon } _i\l eq x ) , x\in\mathbb { R } , $ is considered instead , where $ \hat { \varepsilon } _i=X_i-\hat { \beta } X_ { i-1 } $ and $ \hat { \beta } $ is a consistent estimate of $ \beta. $ In particular , via the martingale decomposition of stationary process and the stochastic integral result of Jakubowski ( Ann.Probab . +0 Then the governing equations of the elastic fluid are re-derived in the Eulerian frame by replacing the partial time derivatives by the properly invariant ( frame indifferent ) time rates . The analogy is complete if the medium is assumed to behave as fluid in shear motions , while it may still behave as elastic solid under compressional motions . +0 We have obtained ground-based and HST images of all multiple-image lens systems in our sample and in 12 cases out of 12 we find the lensing galaxies in the optical and/or near infrared . In this paper we discuss our new radio-selected gravitational lens sample , JVAS/CLASS , in order to test and constrain this proposition . +0 There is an explicit solution to all the quantum constraint equations connected with the Chern-Simons form , which coincides exactly with the Dubrovnik version of the Kauffman Polynomial . Physical states are in general given by knot invariants that are compatible with the $ GSU ( 2 ) $ Mandelstam identities . +1 For many years , based on measurements over populations of cells it was believed that the p53-Mdm2 feedback loop was the responsible for the existence of damped oscillations in the levels of p53 and Mdm2 after DNA damage . However , recent measurements in individual human cells have shown that p53 and its regulator Mdm2 develop sustained oscillations over long periods of time even in the absence of stress . +1 When q = e^ { 2 pi i/ ( N+K ) } , the observables of the 2d U ( N ) qYM theory can be expressed as a sum over a finite subset of U ( N ) representations . When N and K are odd , the qYM theory exhibits N & lt ; -- & gt ; K duality , provided q = e^ { 2 pi i/ ( N+K ) } and theta = 0 mod 2 pi / ( N+K ) . +0 This problem is accentuated in the case of non-holonomic sampling-based motion planning , in which the space of feasible motion trajectories is restricted . However , the quality of these motion paths , with respect to different quality measures such as path length , clearance , smoothness or energy , is often notoriously low . +0 The main challenge in deriving the schemes is related to the fact that the Saint-Venant system contains a geometric source term due to nonflat bottom topography and therefore a delicate balance between the flux gradients and source terms has to be preserved . We develop well-balanced central schemes on overlapping cells for the Saint-Venant shallow water system and its variants . +0 The inter-channel synchronization is measured to be within 2 ns . Time synchronization and out-of-time background rejection results are presented from the Cosmic Run At Four Tesla and LHC beam runs taken in the Autumn of 2008 . +1 They provide a simple framework for many phenomena , such as epidemic spreading and opinion formation . Combining contact processes with rules for topological evolution yields an adaptive network in which the states of the nodes can interact dynamically with the topological degrees of freedom . +0 We follow the thermodynamic evolution of the gas by solving the full thermal energy equation , and also track the evolution of the dust temperature and the chemical evolution of the gas . To investigate this , we make use of high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations . +1 Changes in the amplitude and in the spectral index are possible , in addition to modulations of the spectrum . This strengthens the conclusions of previous work in which the spectrum of cosmological perturbations in expanding inflationary cosmologies was studied , and it was found that , for dispersion relations for which the evolution is not adiabatic , the spectrum changes from the standard prediction of scale-invariance . +1 We consider a paramagnetic solution without spin-orbit interaction as a function of volume for the face-centered cubic ( fcc ) unit cell . We span unit-cell volumes ranging from 10 % greater than the equilibrium volume of the $ \delta $ phase to 90 % of the equivalent for the $ \alpha $ phase of Pu . +1 The beam emittance is inferred from wire scanner measurements of the beam profile at a single location in the HEBT . The beam profile is measured as a function of the magnetic field gradient in one of the HEBT quadrupoles . +1 Thus , RDEC can be considered as the simplest , clean tool for investigation of the electron-electron interaction in the presence of electromagnetic fields generated during ion-atom collisions . Within this dissertation , the 38 MeV O ( 8+ ) + C experiment , conducted at Western Michigan University using the tandem Van de Graaff accelerator , is discussed and the first experimental evidence of the RDEC process is presented . +0 From analysis of its CMD , we obtain estimates for the metallicity and reddening of ESO 121-SC03 : [ Fe/H ] = -0.97 +/- 0.10 and E ( V-I ) = 0.04 +/- 0.02 , in excellent agreement with previous studies . 12 , used in this work as a comparison cluster . +0 We numerically and analytically study the effect of interactions on this system and find that generically , the entire system delocalizes . Such a system can be viewed as a model for a many-body localized system brought into contact with a small bath of a comparable number of degrees of freedom . +0 The superconducting transition temperature ( TC ) is determined to be 9.4 K by AC magnetic susceptibility and electronic transport measurements . X-ray diffraction analysis identifies the main phase to be the superconducting tetragonal \b { eta } -FeSe . +0 Finally , the authors give an explicit example to show that $ \dot { F } ^0_ { 1 , \ , q } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ is strictly contained in $ \mathrm { WE } ^ { 1 , \ , q } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ and , by duality , $ \mathrm { WE } ^ { \infty , \ , q ' } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ is strictly contained in $ \dot { F } ^0_ { \infty , \ , q ' } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ . As a consequence , the authors obtain the Fefferman-Stein decomposition of Triebel-Lizorkin spaces $ \dot { F } ^0_ { \infty , \ , q ' } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ . +0 It is also found that the uniqueness of such a determination is dependent on the relative values of the adsorption/desorption and diffusion free-energy barriers . By adjusting the Monte Carlo attempt frequency , good agreement between simulated and experimental peak separations is achieved . +1 Given an ideal triangulation of a connected 3-manifold with non-empty boundary consisting of a disjoint union of tori , a point of the deformation variety is an assignment of complex numbers to the dihedral angles of the tetrahedra subject to Thurston 's gluing equations . From this , one can recover a representation of the fundamental group of the manifold into the isometries of 3-dimensional hyperbolic space . +1 We develop a consistent perturbation theory in quantum fluctuations around the classical evolution of a system of interacting bosons . The zero order approximation gives the classical Gross-Pitaevskii equations . +1 Here we describe the procedures involved in developing a benchmark and issues involved . We then discuss some of the current 3D shape retrieval benchmarks efforts of our group and others . +0 Based on high-resolution spectroscopic observations of 16 red giant stars , we derived the abundances of a large variety of alpha , p-capture , iron-peak , and n-capture elements . This unique system shows a very extended trimodal horizontal branch ( HB ) , but no other clues for multiple populations have been detected in its colour-magnitude diagram ( CMD ) . +0 We apply this technique to obtain the parameters of all full HCMEs observed by the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory ( SOHO ) mission 's Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph ( LASCO ) experiment until the end of 2002 . 2003 ) which allowed us to obtain the space speed , width and source location . +1 We study the variant of the problem in which clients can enter and exit the highway at any point . We provide an $ O ( n^3 ) $ -time algorithm that solves this variant , where $ n $ is the number of clients . +1 Besides static capillary forces , fluctuation -- induced forces caused by thermally excited capillary waves arise at fluid interfaces . For the specific choice of a spatially fixed three -- phase contact line , the asymptotic behavior of the fluctuation -- induced force is determined analytically for both the close -- distance and the long -- distance regime and compared to numerical solutions . +1 In recent years , the energy consumption of computing systems has increased and a large fraction of this energy is consumed in main memory . Towards this , researchers have proposed use of non-volatile memory , such as phase change memory ( PCM ) , which has low read latency and power ; and nearly zero leakage power . +1 Although there are some edges in the IT structure requiring to be removed , such undesired edges are generally distinguishable from other edges and thus are easy to be determined . For instance , when the IT structures for the 2-dimensional ( 2D ) datasets are graphically presented , those undesired edges can be easily spotted and interactively determined . +0 Following a brief review of the process stellar collapse to a black hole , I discuss the gravitational redshift , particle trajectories in gravitational fields , the Schwarzschild and Kerr solutions to Einstein 's equations , orbits in Schwarzschild and in Kerr geometry , and the dragging of inertial frames . I present an elementary primer of black hole physics , including its general relativity basis , all peppered with astrophysical illustrations . +0 We calculate the longitudinal magnetoimpedance for single layered , multilayered or exchange biased systems from an approach that considers a magnetic permeability model for planar geometry and the appropriate magnetic free energy density for each structure . Here , we perform a theoretical and experimental investigation of the magnetoimpedance effect for the thin film geometry in a wide frequency range . +1 We construct their self-interactions and interactions with standard model fields . Using the Weinberg sum rules , opportunely modified to take into account the walking behavior of the underlying gauge theory , we find interesting relations for the spin-one spectrum . +1 As a consequence , the authors obtain the Fefferman-Stein decomposition of Triebel-Lizorkin spaces $ \dot { F } ^0_ { \infty , \ , q ' } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ . Finally , the authors give an explicit example to show that $ \dot { F } ^0_ { 1 , \ , q } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ is strictly contained in $ \mathrm { WE } ^ { 1 , \ , q } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ and , by duality , $ \mathrm { WE } ^ { \infty , \ , q ' } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ is strictly contained in $ \dot { F } ^0_ { \infty , \ , q ' } ( \mathbb { R } ^D ) $ . +0 By comparing with regular ring lattices and random regular graphs , we show that random graphs are more robust than random regular graphs ; however , the relationship between random graphs and regular ring lattices depends on the average degree and graph size . In this article , we explore the natural connectivity of random graphs both analytically and numerically and show that it increases linearly with the average degree . +0 Some of the electromagnetic modes do not oscillate , they only decay , since they have pure imaginary frequencies . We study the quasi-normal modes ( QNM ) of electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically Anti-de Sitter ( AdS ) spacetime . +0 Measurements of these quantities are usually achieved by measuring a property that depends on the translational symmetry and periodicity of the crystal lattice , such as optical phonon energies using Raman spectroscopy , the electronic band gap using cathodoluminescence , photoelasticity via the optical birefringence , or Electron Back Scattering Diffraction ( EBSD ) . Both are represented by second rank field tensors with , in general , six independent components . +0 As a step towards finding more accurate methods for estimating aggregate irradiance from avaialble measurements , we evaluate semiparametric spatio-temporal models for global horizontal irradiance . Rather , irradiance measurements are typically available from a few , relatively small sensors and thus aggregate solar irradiance must be estimated from these data . +1 It establishes sums of squares polynomial representations characterizing robust solutions and exact SDP-relaxations of robust SOS-convex programs under various commonly used uncertainty sets . In particular , the results show that the polytopic and ellipsoidal uncertainty sets , that allow second-order cone re-formulations of robust quadratically constrained programs , continue to permit exact SDP-relaxations for a broad class of robust SOS-convex programs . +1 The giant-vortex states leave measurable signatures in the ground-state energetics . The conditions for the giant-vortex formation as well as the internal structure of the vortex cores are discussed . +0 We also apply a moment inequality recently established for stationary random fields . As a key step , we prove a central limit theorem for triangular arrays of stationary $ m $ -dependent random fields with unbounded $ m $ . +1 Semiconductor quantum dots ( QDs ) in photonic nanocavities provide monolithic , robust platforms for both quantum information processing and cavity quantum electrodynamics ( QED ) . An inherent feature of such solid-state cavity QED systems is the presence of electron-phonon interactions , which distinguishes these systems from conventional atomic cavity QED . +0 Consequently , we find that defection remains viable , especially if the rewarding is costly . The latter are willing to reward cooperative actions at a personal cost , thus effectively downgrading pure cooperators to second-order free-riders due to their unwillingness to bear these additional costs . +1 It is specially suited for high-throughput computing since the jobs evaluating the parameter space are loosely coupled or independent . A tool that integrates the modeling of a parameter study with the control of jobs in a distributed architecture is presented . +1 Cupolets exhibit the interesting property that a given set of controls will uniquely identify a cupolet , independent of its initial condition . Practical applications of cupolets already include data compression , secure communication , and image processing . +1 Simple models suggest that the 18 micron flux is well approximated by two contiguous annuli of mid-infrared-emitting dust from 2-4 and 4-8 AU with a 3:1 flux ratio for the annuli , respectively . We consider two scenarios for the collisions that must be resupplying the dust population : ( 1 ) continuous `` steady state '' grinding of planetesimals , and ( 2 ) an isolated cataclysmic collision . +0 First , the method is generalized beyond the Cowling approximation in order to fully account for the effects of self-gravitation . Two aspects relevant to low-frequency studies are particularly emphasized . +0 Finally , a particular example containing all classical discrete symmetric orthogonal polynomials is studied in detail . Moreover , moments corresponding to these weight functions can be explicitly computed . +1 The dual of a matrix ordered space has a natural matrix ordering that makes the dual space matrix ordered as well . The purpose of these notes is to give a condition that describes when the linear map taking a basis of the n by n matrices to its dual basis is a complete order isomorphism and complete co-order isomorphism . +1 In this paper we construct a noncommutative space of `` pointed Drinfeld modules '' that generalizes to the case of function fields the noncommutative spaces of commensurability classes of Q-lattices . It extends the usual moduli spaces of Drinfeld modules to possibly degenerate level structures . +1 However , existing work on this problem make inherent assumptions about the data that are impractical in day-to-day enterprise data management scenarios . Further , application of existing anonymization schemes on enterprise data could lead to adversarial attacks in which an intruder could use information fusion techniques to inflict a privacy breach . +1 Most of these hybridization approaches , however , follow an ad hoc design methodology , justified by success in certain application domains . Due to the lack of a common framework it often remains difficult to compare the various hybrid systems conceptually and to evaluate their performance comparatively . +0 Non-conformally flat non-compact solutions to the supergravity-type I equations of motion with non-zero flux and non-constant dilaton are found in dimensions 7 and 8 . Non-compact solution to the supergravity-type I equations of motion with non-zero flux and non-constant dilaton is found in dimensions 6 . +1 These objects are made of a self-interacting scalar field and -- depending on the scalar field 's mass -- can be as dense as neutron stars or even black holes . In contrast to the former these objects do not contain a well-defined surface , while in contrast to the latter the space-time of boson stars is globally regular , can -- however -- only be given numerically . +0 Our method is based on the Dehman-Lebeau Egorov approach to treat the high-frequencies , and the optimal unique continuation stability result of the authors for the low-frequencies . This contrasts with the original proof of Bardos-Lebeau-Rauch , which contains two non-constructive arguments . +0 For example , the Hercules group has a larger azimuthal velocity for regions inside the Solar circle and a lower value outside . We analyse the kinematics of disc stars observed by the RAVE survey in and beyond the Solar neighbourhood.We detect significant overdensities in the velocity distributions using a technique based on the wavelet transform.We find that the main local kinematic groups are large scale features , surviving at least up to ~1 kpc from the Sun in the direction of anti-rotation , and also at ~700 pc below the Galactic plane.We also find that for regions located at different radii than the Sun , the known groups appear shifted in the velocity plane . +0 For four new sources that also have high-resolution sub-mm maps , we test for differential lensing between the stellar and dust components and find that the 880 um magnification factor ( u_880 ) is ~1.5 times higher than the near-IR magnification factor ( u_NIR ) , on average . Sources with the largest near-IR magnification factors also tend to be the most compact , consistent with the size bias predicted from simulations and pre- vious lensing models for sub-millimeter galaxies . +1 The present sample now includes 32 clusters of galaxies , including 15 clusters above z=0.4 , which corresponds to a three-fold increase compared to our previous work at high redshift . At z & lt ; 0.4 we have obtained new observations of AGN candidates in six additional clusters and found no new luminous AGN in cluster members . +0 We find that for the extreme quantum case $ s=1/2 $ the ground state is magnetically disordered in the entire region $ 0 \le \Delta \le 1 $ . We use the coupled cluster method to high orders of approximation in order to calculate the ground-state phase diagram of the XXZ spin- $ s $ kagome antiferromagnet with easy-plane anisotropy , i.e.the anisotropy parameter $ \Delta $ varies between $ \Delta=1 $ ( isotropic Heisenberg model ) and $ \Delta=0 $ ( $ XY $ model ) . +0 We implement it in the radiation hydrodynamics solver we designed for the RAMSES code for astrophysical purposes and , more particularly , for protostellar collapse . We present a new method for implicit adaptive time-stepping on adaptive mesh refinement-grids . +1 Depending on the mass loss rate , the disc produces either long outbursts , a cycle of one long outburst followed by two short outbursts , or only short outbursts . The course of the transfer rate dominates the shape of the outbursts because the mass accreted during an outburst cycle roughly equals the mass transferred from the secondary over the outburst interval . +0 There are gapless edge excitations described by chiral boson fields and the number of branches of chiral boson fields can be related to the polarization states of electrons in the bulk . This nonlocality is responsible for the deviation of the power law exponent from $ \alpha=1/\nu $ of the edge fluid . +1 We study systems which are close to or within the many-body localized ( MBL ) regime and are driven by strong electric field . In the ergodic regime , the disorder extends applicability of the equilibrium linear -- response theory to stronger drivings , whereas the response of the MBL systems is very distinctive , revealing currents with damped oscillations . +1 We also observe that from our pregeometric perspective it is rather natural to contemplate a spacetime whose pregeometric picture is based on the phase-space coordinates ( fields ) of a string . The fact that such `` stringspaces '' essentially provide spacetime points with extendedness is relevant for the fuzziness of geometric spacetime observables in ways that we preliminarily characterize through an analysis of the distance observable on a two-dimensional stringspace and through the observation that by implementing the Amati-Ciafaloni-Veneziano/Gross-Mende uncertainty relation in the phase space of the pregeometric string one could have stringspaces with a novel type of fuzzy coordinates . +1 Our calculations reproduce well the trends in high pressure behavior of the structural parameters . The present results show that the compressibility of LiN $ _3 $ crystal is anisotropic and the crystallographic b-axis is more compressible when compared to a- and c-axis which is also consistent with the experiment . +0 And the last possibility is to study maps acting between matrix spaces of different sizes . One can study such maps without the bijectivity assumption or one can try to get the same conclusion under the weaker assumption that adjacency is preserved in one direction only . +0 We present measurements on the dynamics of ejection and on the self-repulsion force driving ejection . To study the nature of the forces driving DNA ejection , we performed in vitro measurements of DNA ejection in bulk and at the single-phage level . +1 The corresponding dynamics mimics the motion of vehicles in a simple traffic flow , which explains the name . Using connections to topological Markov chains we obtain nontrivial invariant measures , prove their stochastic stability , and calculate the topological entropy . +0 Our results show very interesting behaviour , under certain conditions quite different from earlier models . We introduce growth and culling probabilities appropriate for condensation and evaporation on a two-dimensional surface , and compare results with existing models for this problem . +0 The dual formulation of the model is derived to explain the sign of the statistical interaction . When distances between solitons are large they are particles subject to the mutual interaction . +1 Here we propose a template based particle finding algorithm that circumvents these problems by tracking only a fraction of the particle image that is insignificantly affected by nearby colloids . Under realistic experimental conditions we show that our algorithm significantly reduces systematic errors compared to standard tracking methods . +1 The identification process of NEP X-ray sources resulted in 144 X-ray sources having a normal stellar counterpart , with an excess of yellow stars with respect to model predictions . We want to determine if these X-ray active stars are young or intermediate-age stars , or active binaries . +0 On the other hand , with low temperature growth , the film tends to be disordered even in the absence of a second phase . With a single-step high temperature growth , second phase clusters are formed at an early stage . +0 Using the softened isothermal sphere model and the universal density profile for the mass distribution of rich clusters , we calculate the CBR anisotropy by the time-delay effect and compare it with those generated by the thermal and kinematic S-Z effects as well as by the transverse motion of clusters . This is primarily motivated by growing observational evidence that clusters have essentially experienced no-evolution since redshift $ z\approx1 $ , indicating that the contribution of a time-dependent potential to CBR anisotropy discussed in literature could be rather small for the dynamically-relaxed clusters . +0 We also show that the number of the nodes which have more than three edges attached is finite . The limit metric gives rise to a tree structure decomposition , where each node in the tree represents a limit metric of a subsequence at that stage while the edge of the tree structure represents the neck on the process of blowing up . +1 The model corresponds to a very fast acceleration of the wind particles , and the line luminosity of about 2900 ( d/1.6 kpc ) ^2 solar luminosities to the mass-loss rate of around ( 1-2 ) x 10E-4 solar masses per year . During days 10-30 the broad component shrank to FWZI = 1800 km/s . +1 In the present work the properties of this effective noise are studied numerically . Some assumptions made in earlier work were verified , the dependence of various quantities on the localization length of the linear problem were computed . +0 We study this network augmentation problem for paths and cycles . Unlike in the discrete setting where a shortcut connects two vertices and the diameter is measured between vertices , we take all points along the edges of the network into account when placing a shortcut and when measuring distances in the augmented network . +0 Using Fourier Correlation Quotient ( FCQ ) method , we measured the stellar line-of-sight velocity distribution along the axes . We present high quality long slit spectra along the major and minor axes out to 1.5 effective radius ( $ R_e $ ) of the massive galaxy NGC4636 taken by Hobby-Eberly Telescope ( HET ) . +0 Understanding the origin of high temperature superconductivity in such a strictly two-dimensional FeSe system is crucial to understanding the superconductivity mechanism in Fe-based superconductors in particular , and providing key insights on how to achieve high temperature superconductivity in general . Particularly interesting is that such a high temperature superconductivity occurs in a single-layer FeSe system that is considered as a key building block of the Fe-based superconductors . +1 This is confirmed , however it is also demonstrated that the process can require quite precise conditions . An alternative , more stable , formation process is proposed as the interaction of more than two segments of domain wall . +1 Our best estimate of the renormalization scale independent B-parameter is $ \hat { B } _ { B_d } = 1.03 \pm 0.06 \pm 0.18 $ . $ \hat { B } _ { B_d } $ has been obtained by using `` boosted '' perturbation theory to calculate the renormalization constants which relate the matrix elements of the lattice operators to the corresponding amplitudes in the continuum . +0 The calibration unit also hosts the reference targets to align GRAVITY to the VLTI , and the safety shutters to avoid the metrology light to propagate in the VLTI-lab . It also includes artificial stars for the tip-tilt and pupil guiding systems , as well as four metrology pick-up diodes , for tests and calibration of the corresponding sub-systems . +0 Previous studies using the functional renormalization group had ignored these two ingredients to large extent , and the question is how much the flows to strong coupling analyzed by this method depend on these approximations . We study the impact of including the self-energy feedback and frequency-dependent interactions on functional renormalization group grows for the two-dimensional Hubbard model on the square lattice at weak to moderate coupling strength . +1 Raman spectroscopy shows that D peak intensities grow after EUV irradiation with increasing water partial pressure in the exposure chamber . Temperature-programmed desorption ( TPD ) experiments prove that EUV radiation results in water dissociation on the graphene surface . +1 The default simplification does n't succeed in simplifying the denominator to 0.2 . There is a rule that 0 is the result of 0 divided by anything that does n't simplify to either 0 or 0/0 . +1 For ttbar events under typical 2011 pileup conditions , the average track-reconstruction efficiency for promptly-produced charged particles with transverse momenta of pt & gt ; 0.9 GeV is 94 % for pseudorapidities of abs ( eta ) & lt ; 0.9 and 85 % for 0.9 & lt ; abs ( eta ) & lt ; 2.5 . The inefficiency is caused mainly by hadrons that undergo nuclear interactions in the tracker material . +0 We analyze the weighted flooding time defined as the minimum time needed to reach all nodes from one uniformly chosen node , and the weighted diameter corresponding to the largest distance between any pair of vertices . We interpret these weights as delays , and take them as i.i.d exponential random variables . +1 The algorithmimprovesthe estimation of centroids of the generative distribution during the process of clustering and outlier discovery . The proposed algorithm consists of two stages . +1 In the interstellar medium atoms heavier then hydrogen which start the diffusive shock acceleration ( DSA ) are never fully ionized at the moment of injection . We will show that electrons in the atomic shells are stripped during the acceleration process , when the atoms already move relativistically . +1 Modern multivariate statistical methods developed in the rapidly growing field of machine learning are being increasingly applied to various problems in neuroimaging , from cognitive state detection to clinical diagnosis and prognosis . Multivariate pattern analysis methods are designed to examine complex relationships between high-dimensional signals , such as brain images , and outcomes of interest , such as the category of a stimulus , a type of a mental state of a subject , or a specific mental disorder . +0 We use replica-symmetric transfer-matrix techniques to derive a set of fixed-point equations describing the relevant order parameters and free energy , and solve them employing population dynamics . We study the thermodynamic properties of spin systems on small-world hypergraphs , obtained by superimposing sparse Poisson random graphs with p-spin interactions onto a one-dimensional Ising chain with nearest-neighbor interactions . +1 The calculations are performed within an effective chiral model with quark-meson interactions , belonging to the same universality class as QCD . We confront mean-field thermodynamics with the functional renormalization group approach , where fluctuations are properly taken into account . +1 The advent of MOOCs has stimulated interest in using online videos to deliver content in university courses . We examined student engagement with 78 online videos that we created and were incorporated into a one-semester blended introductory mechanics course at the Georgia Institute of Technology . +1 Let P be a projective A-module of rank n=dim A - 1 with trivial determinant . We define an abelian group called the `` Euler class group of A '' , denoted by E ( A ) . +0 The avalanche front velocity is of the order of $ 1 $ m/sec and is sensitive to field gradients and sweep rates . We found that under some conditions the molecules reverse their spin direction at a resonance field in the form of an avalanche . +0 The deep inelastic diffraction is also discussed . The dedicated measurements of the hadronic final state in deep inelastic scattering at small $ x $ probing the QCD pomeron are described . +1 For higher dimensions , we prove that , in general , a Weyl tensor does not possess aligned directions . We then go on to describe a number of additional algebraic types for the various alignment configurations . +0 This is similar to that previously reported for V $ _4 $ and Mo $ _4 $ cluster compounds . The cubic selenide phase is insulating and its resistivity crosses over from $ \ln { \rho } \sim T^ { -1 } $ to $ \sim T^ { -1/2 } $ on cooling below 150 K , indicating variable range hopping ( VRH ) conduction at low temperatures . +1 Strikingly , their explosion sites also mark them out as distinct from other SN types . Their galactocentric offset distribution is strongly skewed to very large offsets ( around one third are offset greater than 20 kpc ) , meaning they do not trace the stellar light of their hosts . +1 The unifying thread stretches also beyond the QIS to establish its deep connections with statistical models , conformal field theory etc . as well as with abstract mathematical objects like quantum group , braided or quadratic algebra +1 The conjecture for arbitrary finitely generated group has its own importance to analyse potential counter-examples to the original conjecture . We study the Andrews-Curtis and Nielsen equivalence in the class of finitely generated groups for which every maximal subgroup is normal , including nilpotent groups and Grigorchuk groups . +1 With a single-step high temperature growth , second phase clusters are formed at an early stage . On the other hand , with low temperature growth , the film tends to be disordered even in the absence of a second phase . +0 These doubly infinite matrices essentially depend on an infinite sequence of phases which govern their spectral properties . Such band matrices appear as monodromy operators in the study of certain quantum dynamical systems . +1 The work conducts a standard analysis of the network and then divides players according to different groups based on their activity . Work checks how friendship network can be correlated to the clan ( a self-organized group of players who often form a league and play on the same side in a match ) network . +1 In this case the orbit of any point looks like a tree . In the study of $ m $ -transformations we are interested in the properties of the trees . +0 The proposed reliability analysis scheme overcomes the shortcomings of existing cooperative black hole attack using AODV routing protocol . In this paper we propose a reliability analysis mechanism . +0 We present an algorithm to compute harmonic weak Maass forms numerically , based on the automorphy method due to Hejhal and Stark . They are closely related to Ramanujan 's mock theta functions , their theta lifts give rise to Arakelov Green functions , and their coefficients are often related to central values and derivatives of Hecke L-functions . +1 Prominent instances of such problems are the enumeration of spanning trees , bipartite perfect matchings , and ice models . The notion of orientations with out-degrees prescribed by a function $ \aa : V\to \NN $ unifies many different combinatorial structures , including the afore mentioned . +1 A quantitative understanding of the measured curve was obtained using a detailed calculation of the evanescent intensity distribution . We have also used it to detect atoms trapped near the surface in a standing-wave optical dipole potential . +0 The effective 2D ( $ t $ and $ u $ ) nature of the metric ensures that spacetime is flat , therein satisfying all the classical stability conditions as expressed by the energy conditions . The compactified dimension guarantees that the geodesic curve closes in $ u $ . +1 Our definition of pPDA allows both probabilistic and non-deterministic branching , generalising the classical notion of pushdown automata ( without epsilon-transitions ) . Our first contribution is a general construction that reduces checking bisimilarity of probabilistic transition systems to checking bisimilarity of non-deterministic transition systems . +0 Retrospective MCMC methods allow our sampler to work directly with the infinite stick-breaking representation of the NMDR , avoiding the need for finite truncations . We develop efficient MCMC algorithms for learning NMDR models from partially observed node relationships . +1 Here we have investigated the effect of this consideration on the average reflectivity in a completely general case . It is shown that in some cases , especially in local minima of reflectivity vs. neutron wave number , this consideration can result in high enough differences such that it should be included in the interpretation of measured neutron specular reflectivity . +1 Based on the PSF fitting photometry , the calibration factor shows no strong trend with flux density , background , spectral type , exposure time , or time since anneals . The coarse-scale calibration sample includes observations of stars with flux densities from 22 mJy to 17 Jy , on backgrounds from 4 to 26 MJy sr^-1 , and with spectral types from B to M. The coarse-scale calibration is 702 +/- 35 MJy sr^-1 MIPS70^-1 ( 5 % uncertainty ) and is based on measurements of 66 stars . +1 Here we present a complete computation of these quantities within the Standard Model . We show that decoupling properties with respect to heavy particles do take place in the weak magnetic moment . +0 We derive close-form relations of normalized mutual information with respect to accuracy , precision , and recall in binary classifications . In this work , we propose to assess classifiers in terms of normalized mutual information ( NI ) , which is novel and well defined in a compact range for classifier evaluation . +1 Compared with current assessment methods which are limited to isometric embeddings , the NIEQA method has a much larger application range due to two features . First , it is based on a new measure which can effectively evaluate how well local neighborhood geometry is preserved under normalization , hence it can be applied to both isometric and normalized embeddings . +0 It relies on a recently introduced measure-theoretic approach , which allows to manage the microscopic and the macroscopic scale under a unique framework . In this paper a new multiscale modeling technique is proposed . +0 Better estimates are however derived under additional assumptions on the parameters . By constructing an explicit example , we show that our estimates are sharp and can not be improved in general . +1 We find an exotic spin excitation in a magnetically ordered system with spin orbit magnetism in 2D , where the order parameter has a net spin current and no net magnetization . Starting from a Fermi liquid theory , similar to that for a weak ferromagnet , we show that this excitation emerges from an exotic magnetic Fermi liquid state that is protected by a generalized Pomeranchuck condition . +0 As an application of the theory , we consider the pricing of American-style contingent claims . The weighted $ L^2 $ setting allows us to cover some singular cases , such as optimal stopping for stochastic equations with degenerate diffusion coefficient . +0 We consider a system with multiple queues and servers , where the servers have queue-dependent , but unknown , service rates . This is a fundamental issue in many queueing systems , including crowdsourcing systems and wireless networks . +1 With the aid of published kinematic data definite galaxy members are identified and the width in J-K of the colour-magnitude diagram is shown to be consistent with an old population of stars with a large range in metal abundance . We identify two Asymptotic Giant Branch variables , both carbon Miras , with periods of 189 and 554 days , respectively , and discuss their ages , metallicities and mass loss as well as their positions in the Mira period-luminosity diagram . +1 Based on the analytical derivation of the optimal IS Bernoulli distribution , with explicit calculation of the variance of the corresponding IS estimator , two novel algorithms for fast-simulation of linear block codes are proposed . For sufficiently high signal-to-noise ratios ( SNRs ) one of the proposed algorithm is SNR-invariant , i.e.the IS estimator does not depend on the cross-over probability of the channel . +0 A description of all closed $ t $ -analytic sets for the disk-algebra is given . Using this concept , we construct a class of closed prime ideals in Banach function algebras and discuss some problems related to Alling 's conjecture in $ H^\infty $ . +1 Here foundations are considered as a theory that provides means ( concepts , structures , methods etc . ) for the development of whole mathematics . +1 We show that revaccination reduces the influenza attack rate not only because it reduces the overall number of susceptible individuals , but also because it better protects highly-connected individuals , who would otherwise make a disproportionately large contribution to influenza transmission . Our work thus contributes a population-level perspective to debates about the merits of repeated influenza vaccination and advocates for public health policy to incorporate individual vaccine histories . +1 These lattice fractional diffusion equations contain difference operators that describe long-range jumps from one lattice site to other . In continuum limit , the suggested lattice diffusion equations with non-integer order differences give the diffusion equations with the Grunwald-Letnikov fractional derivatives for continuum . +0 Spatio-temporal control over the pulses is obtained by exploiting long-lived coherent memory for photon states and electromagnetically induced transparency ( EIT ) in an optically dense atomic medium . The technique is based on preparation of an atomic ensemble in a state with a desired number of atomic spin excitations , which is later converted into a photon pulse . +1 This analysis is based on a sample of 467 million $ \FourS $ decays into $ \BB $ pairs , collected with the \babar\ detector at the PEP-II $ e^ { + } e^ { - } $ storage rings . We select events where one of the B mesons is fully reconstructed in a hadronic decay mode and the other B decays semileptonically into an electron or a muon . +1 We study the probability distribution $ F ( u ) $ of the maximum of smooth Gaussian fields defined on compact subsets of $ \R^d $ having some geometric regularity . Our main result is a general formula for the density of $ F $ . +0 The most popular opinion on this problem is that it is just a problem of the choice of coordinates . However , there are some subtleties in the calculation of Hawking radiation , and particularly is the so-called factor of 2 problem during calculating the Hawking temperature . +0 In these cases , standard approaches based on small deviations from equilibrium , or on a sufficient homogeneity in time underlying kinetic descriptions , are not applicable . Important topical applications , in particular in high energy particle physics and cosmology , involve dynamics of quantum fields far away from the ground state or thermal equilibrium . +0 We apply the technique to an exactly solvable reaction-diffusion system and to the contact process ( both in $ d=1 $ ) . Using this analogy , we investigate the applicability of a real space renormalisation group approach , originally developped for quantum spin systems , to interacting particle systems . +1 Proton and neutron separation energies have been calculated using the extended Bethe-Weizsacker mass formula . This modified Bethe-Weizsacker mass formula describes minutely the positions of all the old and the new magic numbers . +1 As a byproduct we settle a question of Hough and the late Simion on the divisibility of the 4-Catalan numbers . We also prove that \binom { p^qn+1 } { n } , p^q & lt ; =99999 , is squarefree for n sufficiently large ( explicit ) , and with the help of the generalized Catalan numbers we find the set of possible exceptions . +1 In the relativistic theory based on the refined structure , energies and momenta turn out to be invariantly bounded from above , and lengths and durations similarly bounded from below , by their respective Planck scale values . Along the external timelike world-lines , the theory naturally captures the `flow of time ' as a genuinely structural attribute of the world . +1 Composite bosons , here called { \it quasibosons } ( e.g.mesons , excitons , etc . ) , occur in various physical situations . +0 The interaction energies amount to 21 meV for the plasmon/light-hole exciton and 22 meV for the plasmon/heavy-hole exciton . The formation of plasmon/heavy-hole exciton/light-hole exciton mixed states is demonstrated with reflectometry experiments . +1 We find that it is possible to realize observationally supported spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations provided that the correction is dominated by the $ ( \nabla \phi ) ^4 $ term even in the absence of the dilaton potential . When the Gauss-Bonnet term is dominant , tensor perturbations exhibit violent negative instabilities on small-scales about a de Sitter background in spite of the fact that scale-invariant scalar perturbations can be achieved . +1 Yukawa potentials may be long ranged when the Debye screening length is large . In computer simulations , such long ranged potentials have to be taken into account with convenient algorithms to avoid systematic bias in the sampling of the phase space . +0 We call a Markov chain decisive w.r.t . We consider qualitative and quantitative verification problems for infinite-state Markov chains . +1 The characteristic times of sorption and desorption coincide . It is found that the temperature dependences of the characteristic times of occupying the octahedral and tetrahedral interstices are nonmonotonic . +0 Our analysis shows that this algorithm is the first to offer a practical solution to listing all maximal cliques in large sparse graphs . We implement a new algorithm for listing all maximal cliques in sparse graphs due to Eppstein , L\ '' offler , and Strash ( ISAAC 2010 ) and analyze its performance on a large corpus of real-world graphs . +0 IRM-calc is too strong : it is not sound any more , and the same applies to long-distance Resolution . IR-calc has the right strength : it is sound and complete . +1 In particular , we prove that the commutative ladders of length less than 5 are representation-finite and explicitly show their Auslander-Reiten quivers . Furthermore , a generalization of persistence diagrams is introduced by using Auslander-Reiten quivers . +1 The gamma-ray excess observed from the Galactic Center can be interpreted as dark matter particles annihilating into Standard Model fermions with a cross section near that expected for a thermal relic . Although many particle physics models have been shown to be able to account for this signal , the fact that this particle has not yet been observed in direct detection experiments somewhat restricts the nature of its interactions . +0 When we consider a superconducting pair potential induced in the QAHS , there appear topological phases with nonzero Chern numbers , $ i.e. $ , $ { \cal N } =1 $ and $ { \cal N } =2 $ , where Andreev bound states appear as chiral Majorana edge modes . We study the edge states for a quantum anomalous Hall system ( QAHS ) coupled with a spin-singlet s-wave superconductor through the proximity effect , and clarify the topological nature of them . +1 The entanglement entropy of a free quantum field in a coherent state is independent of its stress energy content . We use this result to highlight the fact that while the Einstein equations for first order variations about a locally maximally symmetric vacuum state of geometry and quantum fields seem to follow from Jacobson 's principle of maximal vacuum entanglement entropy , their possible derivation from this principle for the physically relevant case of finite but small variations remains an open issue . +0 Within the virial radius of a cluster , the mean velocity dispersion based on the 100 brightest galaxies is a factor of 1.065 +/- 0.005 ( stat ) +/- 0.027 ( sys ) higher than that of the dark matter ( corresponding to a ~10-15 per cent bias in the dynamical mass estimate ) while that based on only the five brightest galaxies is 0.868 +/- 0.039 ( stat ) +/- 0.035 ( sys ) . In haloes above ~ 10^14 Msun , the brightest satellite galaxies are slightly cooler compared to the dark matter , while fainter satellites are hotter . +0 The origin of this dramatic temperature dependence is seen to be in the multiple reflection of electron waves by the boundary confining potential , which becomes important once the coherence length of electrons gets longer than the system length . At the same time , the usual Landau diamagnetism results for the total magnetic moment . +1 Our nine fields are , according to several catalogs , centred on Galactic star clusters , namely Trumpler 13 , Trumpler 20 , Lynga 4 , Hogg 19 , Lynga 12 , Trumpler 25 , Trumpler 26 , Ruprecht 128 , and Trumpler 34 . Apart from their coordinates , and in some cases additional basic data ( mainly from the 2MASS archive ) , their properties are poorly known . +0 Such systems have the form of Euler - Arnold equations on orbits of loop algebras . A construction of integrable hamiltonian systems associated with different graded realizations of untwisted loop algebras is proposed . +0 Tverberg 's theorem states that every set of $ ( k-1 ) ( d+1 ) -1 $ points in $ \mathbb { R } ^d $ can be partitioned into $ k $ sets with intersecting convex hulls . More specifically , we consider Radon numbers for $ P_3 $ -convexity in trees . +1 We report a measurement of $ CP $ violating asymmetries in $ B^0 ( \overline { B } ^0 ) \to K^+ K^- K^0_S $ decays with a time-dependent Dalitz approach . This analysis is based on a data sample of $ 657\times 10^6 $ $ B\overline { B } $ pairs accumulated at the $ \Upsilon ( 4S ) $ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $ e^+e^- $ collider . +0 They are also shown to be \emph { geometrizable } ( appart from the reducible super-maximal ones ) in the following very strong sense : for any element of the Teichm\ '' uller space $ \mathcal T_ { 0 , n } $ , there is a unique holomorphic equivariant map with values in the lower half-plane $ \mathbb H^- $ . Super-maximal representations are shown to be \emph { totally non hyperbolic } , in the sense that every simple closed curve is mapped to a non hyperbolic element . +0 With a redshift of z = 0.702 this object has an absolute magnitude of B = -26.4 and is also an extremely powerful radio and X-ray source . We present optical spectroscopy data that allowed a measurement of the redshift for the X-ray selected BL Lacertae object 1517+656 . +1 This problem is often used to model Sun -- Jupiter -- asteroid systems . For the primaries ( Sun and Jupiter ) , we pick a realistic mass ratio $ \mu=10^ { -3 } $ and a small eccentricity $ e_0 & gt ; 0 $ . +1 We account for the OVRO beamwidth and calibration uncertainties , as well as the uncertainty induced by the removal of non-CMB foreground contamination . We consider open and spatially-flat-Lambda cold dark matter cosmogonies , with nonrelativistic-mass density parameter Omega_0 in the range 0.1 -- 1 , baryonic-mass density parameter Omega_B in the range ( 0.005 -- 0.029 ) h^ { -2 } , and age of the universe t_0 in the range ( 10 -- 20 ) Gyr . +1 The upper main sequence magnetic chemically peculiar ( Ap ) stars exhibit a non-uniform distribution of chemical elements across their surfaces and with height in their atmospheres . These inhomogeneities , responsible for the conspicuous photometric and spectroscopic variation of Ap stars , are believed to be produced by atomic diffusion operating in the stellar atmospheres stabilized by multi-kG magnetic fields . +1 There are many different formulations of relativistic elasticity . Most of them are only concerned with formal questions rather than questions regarding the PDE point of view . +0 The efficiency of the code is demonstrated by solving the two-dimensional driven cavity flow . In order to fully exploit the computational power of the GPU , we choose a method of solution which combines a finite difference discretization of the free-streaming term with a Monte Carlo evaluation of the collision integral . +0 Our main result is a general formula for the density of $ F $ . We study the probability distribution $ F ( u ) $ of the maximum of smooth Gaussian fields defined on compact subsets of $ \R^d $ having some geometric regularity . +0 Their quantum behaviour is also equivalent to the corresponding non-relativistic limit . Keplerian conic sections are obtained for special choices for p and p ' and the systems are shown to be equivalent to nonrelativistic systems . +0 Two of the remaining parameters are quantized and we argue that they are related to the number of D6-branes , which appear in three stacks . Certain singularities of the G_2 manifolds are related to fixed points of these isometries ; there are two combinations of Killing vectors that possess co-dimension four fixed points which yield upon compactification only intersecting D6-branes if one also identifies two parameters . +1 2013 ) is a code written in standard Fortran 77 and aimed at finding the best atmospheric parameters and the abundance of individual elements by using the equivalent widths ( EWs ) of metallic lines , providing graphical and statistical tools to evaluate the goodness of the solution . The derivation of the abundances is performed by using a modified version of the WIDTH9 code ( originally developed by R. L. Kurucz ) in its Linux version ( Sbordone et al.2004 ) . +0 We introduce the notion of girth for simplicial complexes and make a conjecture relating the girth to invariants of the simplicial complex . We characterize Cohen-Macaulay , l-Cohen-Macaulay , Buchsbaum , and Gorenstein* complexes X , and also orientable manifolds in terms of the enriched modules . +0 We confirmed that flaring radio emission of Cyg X-3 correlated with hard and anti-correlated with soft X-ray emission during the strong flare ( & gt ; $ Jy ) in May 1997 . We also reviewed some data from the GBI monitoring program at two frequencies and hard X-ray BATSE ( 20-100 keV ) and soft X-ray RTXE ( 2-12 keV ) ASM data . +0 By adding a spin-1 bc system the KM CFT provides a realization of the N=2 twisted topological algebra . That theory , which we call KM CFT , consists of d \leq 1 matter plus a scalar and a dressing prescription : \Delta = 0 for every primary field . +0 Specifically , we prove that for any d , there exists beta_d such that for any nearest neighbor Z^d shift of finite type X with alphabet A for which log |A| - h ( X ) & lt ; beta_d , X has a unique measure of maximal entropy . We study the class of nearest neighbor Z^d shifts of finite type which have topological entropy very close to this maximum , and show that they have many useful properties . +1 They include in particular ( i ) the manifestly conformally covariant construction , from the basic principle , of the singlet-projection operator for performing the Wick contraction and ( ii ) the derivation of the monodromy relation for the case of the so-called `` harmonic R-matrix '' , as well as for the usual fundamental R-matrtix . The former case , which is new and has features rather different from the latter , is expected to have important applications . +1 These coefficients are large , and have both even and odd moments . We discuss here some of the implications of these results for our understanding of the initial state of the collision ( Color Glass Condensate ) and for the evolution in the final state ( Glasma and thermalized Quark Gluon Plasma ) . +1 Our variational scheme accurately reproduces the known replica symmetric results and also allows for the inclusion of replica symmetry breaking effects . For the 3-SAT problem , we find two transitions as the ratio $ \alpha $ of logical clauses per Boolean variables increases . +1 In applications where the inverse solution is subject to further analysis procedures , this can be a significant advantage . Alongside theoretical progress , various new computational techniques allow to sample very high dimensional posterior distributions : In [ Lucka2012 ] , a Markov chain Monte Carlo ( MCMC ) posterior sampler was developed for linear inverse problems with $ \ell_1 $ -type priors . +0 It is observed that under normal circumstances algorithm take more episodes to reach optimal Q-value due to its normal reward or sometime negative reward . Q-Learning is a model free reinforcement learning method that used to learn the agents . +1 The contribution of this paper is threefold . First it proposes a new method to identify and estimate multiple diffusion directions within a voxel through a new and identifiable parametrization of the widely used multi-tensor model . +1 Images obtained by drift-scanning with a stationary telescope are affected by the declination-dependent curvature of star trails . The image displacement to curvature and drift rate variation increases with the angular field of view and can lead to significant loss of resolution with modern large-format CCD arrays . +0 The simulated catalytic reactions , a computational metaphor , occurs in an artificial chemical reactor that finds near-optimal solutions to COPs . Presented in this paper is a derivation of a 2D catalytic reaction-based model to solve combinatorial optimization problems ( COPs ) . +0 We also study that the double scaling limit of these massive theories and find that the massive N_f -1 theory can be obtained from the massive N_f theory . We determine the exact massive prepotentials and the monodromy matrices around the weak coupling limit . +0 While the nine year old Wilkinson Mass Anisotropy Probe experiment suggests the effective number of relativistic degrees of freedom to be $ N_ { \text { eff } } = 3.84 \pm 0.40 $ , recently reported Planck collaboration results show more preference towards the standard three light neutrino scenario $ N_ { \text { eff } } = 3.30^ { +0.54 } _ { -0.51 } $ . Sterile neutrinos with sub-electron volt ( eV ) masses have recently received serious attention due to the tantalizing hints from reactor neutrino experiments as well as cosmology . +0 We present the J/Psi invariant yield dN/dy for peripheral and mid-central reactions . For this analysis we have studied 49.3 million minimum bias Au-Au reactions . +0 Quantifying the significance of spatial features remains difficult . Gamma-ray astronomy has produced for several years now sky maps for low photon statistics , non-negligible background and comparatively poor angular resolution . +1 The matter content of the Standard Model admits a global symmetry due to the generational structure of the spectrum respected by all interactions except for fermion couplings to the Higgs doublet . This symmetry is identified as the largest possible global symmetry of the free theory and extended to the case of massive neutrinos . +1 Let X be a singular real rational surface obtained from a smooth real rational surface by performing weighted blow-ups . Denote by Aut ( X ) the group of algebraic automorphisms of X into itself . +0 The agreement between them is excellent , and also with the power spectrum obtained from the numerical solution to the equation of motion . The signatures on the power spectrum and bispectrum were previously computed using a slow-roll Fourier transform ( SRFT ) approximation , and here we compare it with generalized slow-roll ( GSR ) and in-in methods , for which we derive new formulas that account for moderately sharp features . +1 We examine the neutralino parameter space to identify the dark matter property depending on the Peccei-Quinn scale . As the Peccei-Quinn scale becomes higher resulting in longer axino lifetime , the neutralino dark matter appears in a lighter Higgsino-like LSP region or a more restricted Bino-like LSP region allowing a resonant annihilation through a CP-odd Higgs boson to meet stronger reannihilation . +1 We study the quasi-normal modes ( QNM ) of electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations of a Schwarzschild black hole in an asymptotically Anti-de Sitter ( AdS ) spacetime . Some of the electromagnetic modes do not oscillate , they only decay , since they have pure imaginary frequencies . +0 This location is consistent with the high amplitude variations observed on ~10 day time scale , provided the Lorentz factor of a jet is ~20 . We conclude that this region is located at ~10 parsecs , the distance coinciding with the location of the hot dust region . +1 We consider a learning problem of identifying a dictionary matrix D ( M times N dimension ) from a sample set of M dimensional vectors Y = N^ { -1/2 } DX , where X is a sparse matrix ( N times P dimension ) in which the density of non-zero entries is 0 & lt ; rho & lt ; 1 . In particular , we focus on the minimum sample size P_c ( sample complexity ) necessary for perfectly identifying D of the optimal learning scheme when D and X are independently generated from certain distributions . +1 To bring observational constraints on the occurrence and properties of planets in binaries and multiple stars , we have been conducting two dedicated observing programs using both adaptive optics imaging and radial-velocity monitoring . In this chapter we explain our approach and present preliminary results from these two programs . +1 Gaze stabilization is an important requisite for humanoid robots . Previous work on this topic has focused on the integration of inertial and visual information . +1 In 2010 Spergel introduced an alternative to the traditional Sersic form for galactic luminosity profiles based on modified Bessel functions of the second kind . His motivation was the desire for an accurate one-parameter profile form with a simple Fourier transform ( in contrast to the Fourier transform of the Sersic profile which ca n't be written in closed form ) , but we have found that the Spergel profile almost universally makes integrals easier when it replaces the Sersic profile in the integrand . +0 Cr $ _2 $ MnZ ( Z= P , As , Sb , Bi ) compounds have 24 valence electrons per unit cell and calculations show that their total spin moment is approximately zero for a wide range of lattice constants in agreement with the Slater-Pauling behavior for ideal half-metals . Electronic structure calculations from first-principles are employed to design some new half-metallic fully-compensated ferrimagnets ( or as they are widely known half-metallic antiferromagnets ) susceptible of finding applications in spintronics . +0 We prove that approximating the ground energy of the Bose-Hubbard model on a graph at fixed particle number is QMA-complete . The Hamiltonian is determined by a choice of graph that specifies the geometry in which the particles move and interact . +0 ( 2004 ) ) of an early phase corresponding to the main growth of the host galaxy and formation of the central black hole . This source is X-ray absorbed , shows only narrow emission lines in the optical spectrum and is detected in the sub-mm : it is the ideal candidate in an evolution scheme for AGN ( e.g.Fabian ( 1999 ) ; Page et al . +1 Define $ C_r $ as the largest constant such that $ \gamma ( G ) \ge C_r \sum_ { 1 \le i & lt ; j \le r } d ( x_i , x_j ) $ for any $ r $ vertices of an arbitrary connected graph $ G $ ; then $ C_2=\frac { 1 } { 3 } $ in this view . The main result of this paper is that $ C_r=\frac { 1 } { r ( r-1 ) } $ for $ r\geq 3 $ . +0 The quantum dissipations through the environmental reservoir of the nonlinear oscillator are included , taking into account the nonlinearity of the qubit-oscillator interaction . The cooling effects of a nonlinear quantum oscillator via its interaction with an artificial atom ( qubit ) are investigated . +1 Using this concept , we construct a class of closed prime ideals in Banach function algebras and discuss some problems related to Alling 's conjecture in $ H^\infty $ . A description of all closed $ t $ -analytic sets for the disk-algebra is given . +1 We then apply our construction to several examples : exact results , local potential approximation and loop expansion . In each case we construct the relative approximate c-function and find it to be consistent with Zamolodchikov 's c-theorem . +0 The transition to turbulence in these systems , as well as the large linear transient amplification of initial disturbances , may depend upon the non-self-adjoint nature of the differential operator that describes the dynamics of perturbations to the background state . Such flows are often experimentally unstable even in the absence of a linear instability . +0 There is a substantial systematic uncertainty ( about a factor of two ) in this value due to field-to-field variation , but even with this uncertainty it is clear that a large fraction of the 850-micron background arises from red objects . The 17 Very Red Objects ( VROs ; 3.5 & lt ; I-K ' & lt ; 4 ) are also significantly detected ( 1.32 +/- 0.19 mJy ) , bringing the combined VRO and ERO contribution to 2.59 +/- 0.19 x 10^4 mJy per square degree . +1 This paper describes a connectionist model of the acquisition of morphology which is shown to exhibit transfer of this type . The model treats the morphology acquisition problem as one of learning to map forms onto meanings and vice versa . +0 These Maxwell Times have a fundamental role in determining the type of hydrodynamic motion that the system would display in the given condition and constraints . It consists in a description in terms of the densities of particles and energy and their fluxes of all orders , with the motion described by a set of coupled nonlinear integro-differential equations involving them . +0 The updated parameters construct a space of feasible solutions that enforce the constraints . The proposed algorithm has data-selective updates , a variable forgetting factor and performs one iteration per update to reduce the computational complexity . +1 The larger-than-nucleon masses of the two heavy quarks allow for a more reliable application of the Born-Oppenheimer-like approximation of the LAMP . With the absence of quark-level Pauli Exclusion Principle repulsive effects , the appearance of a bound state is unsurprising . +1 Special classes of signals are also investigated , in order to improve the information-disturbance trade-off . Extension to higher dimensional signals ( qudits ) is straightforward . +1 We present a correlation between X-ray surface brightness and Faraday rotation measure in galaxy clusters , both , from radio and X-ray observations as well as from modeling of the intra-cluster medium . The observed correlation rules out a magnetic field of constant strength throughout the cluster . +1 We monitor the nuclear polarization of the same atoms that are decaying in situ by photoionizing a small fraction of the partially polarized atoms and then use the standard optical Bloch equations to model their population distribution . We obtain an average nuclear polarization of $ P = 0.9913\pm0.0008 $ , which is significantly more precise than previous measurements with this technique . +0 We show that the SIDM signal could be distinguished from that of DM particles with contact interactions by considering the time-average energy spectrum in experiments employing different target materials , or the average and modulated spectra in a single experiment . The SIDM nuclear recoil spectrum is more peaked towards low energies compared to the usual case of contact interactions , because the mediator mass is comparable to the momentum transfer of nuclear recoils . +1 A two dimensional numerical model of the plasma contraction was developed in a cylindrical frame . The process is described by a set of time-dependent continuity equations for the electrons , positive and negative ions ; gas and vibrational temperature ; and equations which account for the convective heat and plasma losses by the transverse flux . +1 It is shown that the Comptonization of the stellar emission will take place in a hot accretion disk such as the ADAFs around the supermassive black hole and become a relatively important source of the accretion disk cooling when the mass accretion rate is low , and stars are passing outer parts of the hot accretion disk . We suggest that such a stellar cooling can be observed in the radio frequency regime since synchrotron luminosity of the ADAFs depends strongly on the electron temperature and occurs much more frequently than a tidal disruption event . +1 We study the response of isovector orbital magnetic dipole ( IOMD ) transitions to the quadrupole-quadrupole ( $ Q \cdot Q $ ) interaction , to the isospin-conserving pairing interaction ( ICP ) and to combinations of both . We find qualitatively different behaviours for transitions in which the final isospin differs from the initial isospin versus cases where the two isospins are the same . +1 Starting from the ( 3+1 ) -dimensional Yang-Mills action , we implement the high energy limit $ s\ ! & gt ; \ ! & gt ; \ ! t $ via a scaling argument and we derive from this a simplified effective theory . +0 Since individual network datasets continue to grow in size , it is necessary to develop models that accurately represent the real-life scaling properties of networks . Network data appear in a number of applications , such as online social networks and biological networks , and there is growing interest in both developing models for networks as well as studying the properties of such data . +0 We present a detailed discussion of the supergravity moduli space , which involves flat form fields on asymptotically conical Calabi-Yau manifolds , and match this to the gauge theory vacuum moduli space . In these vacua both conformal invariance and baryonic symmetries are spontaneously broken . +0 The cloud comprises four compact NH3 clumps of mass ~30 to 160 Msun . The estimated total mass of G19.30+0.07 is ~1130 Msun . +0 This class of prior parametrized by its degree of freedom is relevant to modelize either dense or sparse ( accounting for outliers ) noise . Student 's t-distribution . +0 We show that decoupling properties with respect to heavy particles do take place in the weak magnetic moment . Here we present a complete computation of these quantities within the Standard Model . +0 After the pellet perturbation , the density and temperature profiles relax towards their quasi-steady-state shape . This technique transiently perturbs the profiles , driving the density profile hollow and flattening the edge temperature profile . +0 We show that increased infectiousness increases the prevalence of the disease and simultaneously causes a transition from scale-free to exponential topology . Here , we consider the growth of a network by preferential attachment from which nodes are simultaneously removed due to an SIR epidemic . +0 A much improved description of the isovector dipole and isoscalar quadrupole resonances is obtained , thanks in part to the more fundamental treatment of the nucleon effective mass offered by SRPA . Our results show that the coupling of particle-hole states to higher-order configurations produces sizable effects compared with first-order RPA . +0 The regularization is based on the observation that the characteristic polynomial of the Jacobian of the flux in Grad 's moment system is independent of the intermediate moments . In this paper , we present a regularization to 1D Grad 's moment system to achieve global hyperbolicity . +0 Thus together with the ground state some excited states are also reliably approximated . The diagonalization of the Hamiltonian on a finite Hilbert subspace gives a number of meaningful eigenvalues . +1 This article considers the task of automatically inducing role-semantic annotations in the FrameNet paradigm for new languages . We propose a general framework that is based on annotation projection , phrased as a graph optimization problem . +1 It was shown , that for small thermalisation time , two loop rate contribute substantially to high $ p_T $ photons . We argue that for extremely short thermalisation time scale , the higher loop contribution should not be neglected . +0 The inclusive B production have also being investigated and two independent measurements are reported . The di-muon resonances from J/psi and Y decays are presented and their total and differential cross-sections measured . +1 Recently it has been shown that there exists a sector within the Faddeev-Niemi model for which the equations of motion may be reduced to first order equations . However , no solutions to that sector have been given . +0 We review previous claims of SMBs based on broad line profiles and find that they may have non-SMB explanations as a consequence of a complex BLR structure . We discuss here how the presence of an SMB will affect the BLRs of AGNs and what the observational consequences might be . +0 Based on the algorithm , one lamp improves from cold-white light ( 8669 K ) with poor color rendition ( $ R_ { a } =72 $ ) and luminous efficacy ( 85 lm/W ) to warm-white light ( 2867 K ) with $ R_ { a } =90.8 $ and $ R_ { 9 } =74.9 $ , and the other reaches $ R_ { a } =93\sim95 $ . In this work , a facile preparation process of red-emission quantum dot films and simulation algorithm for fitting this film with two commercial LED flat lamps to the optimized performance are developed . +1 Physical states are in general given by knot invariants that are compatible with the $ GSU ( 2 ) $ Mandelstam identities . There is an explicit solution to all the quantum constraint equations connected with the Chern-Simons form , which coincides exactly with the Dubrovnik version of the Kauffman Polynomial . +0 We find that , similar to the case of the isotropic exchange , the tunneling density of states as a function of energy has the maximum due to a finite value of the total spin of the ground state near the Stoner instability . We derive the exact analytical result for the tunneling density of states in the case of arbitrary single-particle energy spectrum . +1 In the high temperature regime the temperature change on adiabatic demagnetization was found to be consistent with previously published entropy versus temperature curves . At low temperatures ( T & lt ; 0.4 K ) cooling by adiabatic demagnetization was followed by an irreversible rise in temperature that persisted after the removal of the applied field . +1 This indicates the appearance of enhanced IR induced static dipole moments caused predominately by Ca impurities . Simultaneously , the variations in time kinetics for the POE in nanosecond time regime were explored . +1 This result has applications in different contexts , such as in Composite Higgs scenarios and theories for the Early Universe . We work out an example of inflation based on a non-compact coset which makes predictions which are consistent with the current observational data . +0 We call the method Robust Coordinate Descent ( RCD ) . The method uses ( approximate ) partial second-order ( curvature ) information , so that the algorithm performance is more robust when applied to highly nonseparable or ill conditioned problems . +1 Molecules of a nematic liquid crystal respond to an applied magnetic field by reorienting themselves in the direction of the field . Since the dielectric anisotropy of a nematic is small , it takes relatively large fields to elicit a significant liquid crystal response . +0 We consider a limiting case of `` cold '' disk accretion , whereby most of the stellar photosphere can radiate freely with negligible backwarming from the accretion flow , and the accreting material settles onto the star with the same specific entropy as the photosphere . In this paper we examine the evolution via disk accretion . +1 The influence of the three dimensional magnetic field and the space charge effect was considered to extract the highly charged ion beam . In this paper , the design results of the extraction system were reported in detail . +1 We study the decays $ A\rightarrow HZ $ or $ H\rightarrow AZ $ , which could reach sizable branching fractions in certain parameter regions . With detailed collider analysis , we obtain model independent exclusion bounds as well as discovery reach at the 14 TeV LHC for the process : $ gg\rightarrow A/H\rightarrow HZ/AZ $ , looking at final states bbll , \tau\tau ll and ZZZ ( 4l2j ) for l =e , \mu . +1 Following the approach introduced by Erez and Zamir , we show that lattice codes are optimal for the family of Gaussian broadcast channels where the source transmits a set of common messages to all receivers and each receiver has 'coded side information ' , i.e. , prior information in the form of linear combinations of the messages . This channel model , which is an instance of the Gaussian version of index coding , is motivated by applications to multi-terminal networks where the nodes may have access to coded versions of the messages from previous signal hops or through orthogonal channels . +0 Our results reveal the importance of the phonon mediated process and show that , depending on the value of the electronic density in the surroundings of the molecule adsorption site , its inclusion can significantly enhance or reduce the desorption probabilities . The model is applied to study the laser induced desorption of O $ _2 $ from the Ag ( 110 ) surface , making use of a six-dimensional potential energy surface calculated within density functional theory . +1 Its spectrum reveals both H $ _ { \alpha } $ and [ NII ] emission lines and strong Balmer absorption lines . The H $ _ { \alpha } $ and Spitzer MIPS 24 $ \mu $ m fluxes are both weak , thus indicating a low star formation rate of SFR $ \lesssim5-10 $ M $ _ { \odot } $ yr $ ^ { -1 } $ . +0 The incidence relation corresponds to the refinement : a face $ F $ contains a face $ F ' $ whenever the label of $ F ' $ refines the label of $ F $ . It is known that the $ k $ -faces of the permutohedron $ \Pi_n $ are labeled by ( all possible ) linearly ordered partitions of the set $ [ n ] =\ { 1 , ... , n\ } $ into $ ( n-k ) $ non-empty parts . +0 If the magnetic field strength is weak and the density is high , the temperature of the jets is very low ( ~10,000 K ) as well as its velocity ( ~40 km/s ) . It is found that the temperature and velocity of the outflow jets as a result of magnetic reconnection are strongly dependent on the physical environments , e.g.the magnitude of the magnetic field strength and the plasma density . +1 The `` drifting '' subpulses exhibited by some radio pulsars have fascinated both observers and theorists for 30 years , and have been widely regarded as one of the most critical and potentially insightful aspects of their emission . Here , we report on detailed studies of pulsar B0943+10 , whose nearly coherent sequences of `` drifting '' subpulses have permitted us to identify their origin as a system of subbeams that appear to circulate around the star 's magnetic axis . +0 Using the definition of GGM , the effects of the hidden sector are contained in a set of global symmetry current correlator functions and is mediated through the bulk . We first consider a model independent SUSY breaking hidden sector on one boundary and generic chiral matter on another . +0 A surprisingly rich set of Lie symmetry algebras depending on the form of diffusivity and source ( sink ) in the equations is derived . Complete descriptions of the Lie symmetries of a class of nonlinear reaction-diffusion equations with gradient-dependent diffusivity in one and two space dimensions are obtained . +0 We further give FJ quantization of this system . We obtain a new symplectic Lagrangian density and deduce Faddeev-Jackiw ( FJ ) generalized brackets of the gauge invariant self-dual fields interacting with gauge fields . +1 The complex structure of solutions of the classical nonlinear ( real-valued ) wave equation and quantization are closely connected among themselves and allow to construct non-perturbatively the quantum field theory with interaction $ : \ ! \phi^4_4\ ! : $ in four-dimensional space-time . +1 We conclude that this region is located at ~10 parsecs , the distance coinciding with the location of the hot dust region . This location is consistent with the high amplitude variations observed on ~10 day time scale , provided the Lorentz factor of a jet is ~20 . +1 The previous best such bound , due to Dubois in 1999 , was 4.506 . The first such bound , independently discovered by many groups of researchers since 1983 , was 5.19 . +0 We find that different initial states lead to markedly different distributions-even under the application of strong forcing ( large day-night temperature difference with a short `` thermal drag time '' ) that may be representative of close-in planets . In this work , we focus on the sensitivity of the evolution to the initial flow state , which has not received much attention in 3-D modeling studies . +0 This form contains a gauge invariant kinetic term , a mass term for the antisymmetric metric-field and a coupling with the Ricci curvature scalar . We show that the theory always develops instabilities unless the linearized nonsymmetric lagrangian reduces to a particular simple form . +0 We present here a study of the cosmic ray composition using events recorded in hybrid mode during the first years of data taking . The Pierre Auger Observatory has been collecting data in a stable manner since January 2004 . +0 The framework uses random binning arguments and is based on a duality between channel and source coding problems . This paper introduces a new and ubiquitous framework for establishing achievability results in \emph { network information theory } ( NIT ) problems . +1 We use the concept of junction-tree solutions ( Chekuri et al. , FOCS 2006 ) that play an important role in solving the offline versions of the problem via a greedy subroutine -- an inherently offline procedure . Our main technical contribution is in designing an online algorithm using only the existence of good junction-trees to reduce an MC-BB instance to multiple SS-BB sub-instances . +0 We then explicitly calculate Bures correlations for two relevant families of states : Werner states and rank-2 Bell-diagonal states , highlighting the subadditivity which holds for total correlations with respect to the sum of classical and quantum ones when using Bures distance . Complementing the known corresponding expressions for entanglement and more general quantum correlations , we thus complete the quantitative hierarchy of Bures correlations for Bell-diagonal states . +1 In addition , we map the OCS J=18-17 line and complete complementary observations of several OCS lines at selected positions around Orion IRc2 ( the position selected for the survey ) . We report the first detection of OCS v2 = 1 and v3 = 1 vibrationally excited states in space and the first detection of C3S in warm clouds . +1 To optimize long-term revenue , a platform can use a combination of advertiser bids and ad impact on user experience to price and allocate ad space . We study the conditions for advertisers , viewers , and the platform to simultaneously benefit from using ad impact on user experience as a criterion for ad selection and pricing . +0 A small survey was made in optical wavelengths , producing high resolution and high signal to noise spectra . Diffuse interstellar bands ( DIBs ) can trace different conditions of the ISM along the sightline toward the observed stars . +0 The rings are coupled to a highly sensitive electromagnetic superconducting micro-resonator and lead to a perturbation of the resonance frequency and quality factor . We have measured the flux dependence of both real and imaginary conductance of $ GaAs/GaAlAs $ isolated mesoscopic rings at 310 MHz . +1 In this paper we study the case c_X=2 . We show that up to a birational modification given by a sequence of flips , X has a conic bundle structure , or an equidimensional fibration in Del Pezzo surfaces . +1 It derives the modified radial Diracequation which has the consistency solution involving the quantum neutronradius and the neutron binding energy . The inevitable solution for otheratomic energy states is only equivalent to the Bohr solution . +0 We discuss the emergence of two quantum critical lines separating the coexisting Kondo-MSL and Kondo-MSL-AF phases . Within the framework of the Kondo-Heisenberg model , we analyse the effect of charge fluctuation on the modulated spin liquid ( MSL ) and antiferromagnetic ( AF ) orders which were established in a previous publication . +1 Here we demonstrate theoretically that the domain wall of this ferromagnet , which carries edge current , is charged and can be controlled by the external electric field . The chirality and relative stability of the Neel wall and Bloch wall depend on the position of the Fermi energy as well as the form of the coupling between the magnetic moments and orbital of the host TI . +0 In the non-mean-field parameter region the FP above is unstable , and we determined exactly all other FPs : to our knowledge , this is the first time that all perturbative FPs for the full set of RG equations of a spin glass in a field have been characterized in the non-mean-field region . In the parameter region where the model has a mean-field behavior - corresponding to $ d \geq 4 $ for a $ d $ -dimensional Ising model - we find a stable FP that corresponds to a spin-glass transition in a field . +0 The attack can be for multiple reasons . Denial of service attack by multiple nodes is accomplished of disturbing the services of rival servers . +0 The system is unresolved in the ROSAT image . Strong magnetic activity is expected for the late-type component ( a G dwarf star and post-T Tauri Star candidate ) . +1 But is it really this result , as it would seem to suggest our common sense , the prelude to an inevitable phase of ungovernability ? Can a Parliament with changing majorities in Senate to be as efficient as a Parliament with a large majority in both the Houses ? +0 We are interested in the statistical limits . The class labels $ \ell_i\in\ { -1 , 1\ } $ are also unknown and the main interest is to estimate them . +0 The diffusion coefficient above the threshold is determined . These equations exhibit stochastic behavior when E_0 exceeds a threshold . +0 It is assumed that the minority phase ( an ensemble of droplets ) at $ t=0 $ represents a non-uniform recursive fractal set , and that this set is a geometrical multifractal characterized by a $ f ( \alpha ) $ -curve . A simple multifractal coarsening model is suggested that can explain the observed dynamical behavior of the fractal dimension in a wide range of coarsening fractal systems . +1 Depending on the functional and which error estimate that is being used , the difference in the error between the elastic constants and the bulk modulus can be rather large , about a factor of two . According to our study , the overall best performing density functional approximation for determining the structure and elastic properties is the PBEsol , closely followed by the two hybrid functionals PBE0 and HSE , and the AM05 functional . +1 Although powerful , it fails to extract substantial information from the data to guide the search efficiently , as this methodology is not based on any statistical modeling . The proposed approach uses Gaussian Process ( GP ) modeling to improve upon SELC , and hence named $ \mathcal { G } $ -SELC . +0 Several specific kinds of structures have been explored in the literature , from sparsity and group sparsity to low-rankness . The nascent field of compressed sensing is founded on the fact that high-dimensional signals with `` simple structure '' can be recovered accurately from just a small number of randomized samples . +0 We will give geometric characterisations of the maximising and the minimising pricing model for certain types of Asian options in discrete and continuous time . In this article we discuss the problem of calculating optimal model-independent ( robust ) bounds for the price of Asian options with discrete and continuous averaging . +0 They both vary with the location of the node . In the sense of random walks with a single trap , mean trapping time ( MTT ) and mean diffusing time ( MDT ) are good measures of trapping efficiency and diffusion efficiency respectively . +1 This sample contains a substantial portion of the WAT clusters in the VLA 20 cm survey of Abell clusters , including 75 % of WAT clusters in the complete survey ( z & lt ; =0.09 ) , and 20 % of WAT clusters with z & gt ; 0.09 . It is a representative sample which should not contain biases other than selection by radio morphology . +0 We show that a variant of this problem can be solved very efficiently with respect to RMRs in the CC model , but not so in the DSM model , even when we consider amortized RMR complexity . The particular problem we consider entails one process sending a `` signal '' to a subset of other processes . +1 This compound crystallizes in the SmNiGe3 layered structure type of the Cmmm space group . The general physical behavior is that of a Kondo lattice showing an antiferromagnetic ground state below T_N = 5.1 K. This is among the highest ordering temperatures for a Yb-based intermetallic , indicating strong exchange interaction between the Yb ions , which are close to +3 valency based on the effective moment of 4.45 mu_B/f.u . +0 For instance , the rate of power stroke ( or conformational change ) , that leads to the undocked-to-docked transition of neck-linker , is not known , and the existence of a substep during the 8-nm step still remains a controversial issue in the kinesin community . The stepping motion that occurs within a relatively short time scale ( ~100 microsec ) is , however , beyond the resolution of current experiments , therefore a basic understanding to the real-time dynamics within the 8-nm step is still lacking . +0 A Higgs with mass $ 125\GeV $ can be accommodated without any fine tuning . The Higgs VEVs break conformal symmetry in the strong sector at the TeV scale , and the strong sector in turn gives important contributions to the Higgs potential , giving rise to a kind of Higgs bootstrap . +0 On the other hand , the off-diagonal or superconducting composite order breaks the gauge symmetry of conduction electrons , and the collective mode couples with charge excitations near the zone boundary . The diagonal composite order breaks the SU ( 2 ) channel symmetry , and the symmetry-restoring collective mode couples with magnetic field . +1 It is believed that albatrosses power their flight through dynamic soaring , a technique where energy is extracted from horizontally blowing shear winds . The Rayleigh model of dynamic soaring , also called the two layer model , makes a 2-dimensional approximation of the wind field and glider trajectory . +1 Generally , for a Hamilton dynamic system established by a set of general velocity functions , several abstract theories have been well established , such as Lie algebra , Symplectic manifold , Poisson brackets , and others . However , mathematically , to find out a general Hamilton function is very difficult even for very simple problems . +0 With the goal of empowering informed choices in information leakage through the Internet , we propose CROWDSURF , a system for comprehensive and collaborative auditing of data that flows to Internet services . The point is that individuals and companies are more and more kept out of the loop when it comes to control private data . +1 Most software verification tools can be classified into one of a number of established families , each of which has their own focus and strengths . For example , concrete counterexample generation in model checking , invariant inference in abstract interpretation and completeness via annotation for deductive verification . +0 I summarize the most recent and important results on the mass distributions of galaxy systems , from nearby to medium-distant systems , and from groups to clusters . I discuss the methods of analysis , their relative advantages and disadvantages , and their reliabilities . +1 Numerous interstellar lines are detected on the continuum of the stellar spectrum . A thorough analysis was performed through the simultaneous fit of interstellar absorption lines detected in the four FUSE channels of multiple observations with different slits . +0 The total exposure time of the NXB data is about 785 ks for each XIS . We construct an NXB database by collecting XIS events when the dark Earth covers the XIS FOV . +1 A neural-network based hadronic $ B $ -meson tagging method is used in this study . The branching fraction of $ B^-\to p\bar p\ell^-\bar\nu_\ell $ is measured to be $ ( 5.8^ { +2.4 } _ { -2.1 } \textrm { ( stat . +0 In this paper we define operators on functions on these lattices that map the functions into one another , called M\ '' obius operators . A number of interesting relations between common information measures include the duality relations based on M\ '' obius inversion on lattices , which are the direct consequence of the symmetries of the lattices ( subsets ordered by inclusion ) of the sets of variables . +1 The class labels $ \ell_i\in\ { -1 , 1\ } $ are also unknown and the main interest is to estimate them . We are interested in the statistical limits . +0 An attempt is made here to investigate the role of magnetic field in the evolution of $ r $ -mode instability and detectibility of gravitational waves emitted by a newly born , hot and rapidly and differentially rotating neutron star . Magnetic field plays a crucial role in the evolution of these $ r $ -modes and hence the evolution of the neutron star itself . +0 In the latter case , we also show that convergence to equilibrium is well described by the heat equation . We compute the equilibrium density profiles in two cases : the semi-infinite tube ( in which case the density is constant ) and a long finite tube ( in which case the density is linear ) . +0 Two valence states of iron Fe2+ and Fe3+ , detected on the base of XAS spectra , appeared to form quite different contributions to the valence band of SrTiO3 . This technique allowed to identify contributions of the Fe and Ti originating electronic states to the valence band . +0 A generalisation of the one-to-one correspondence between infinitesimal objects : connections and curvature and path based objects : holonomy maps and parallel transports is used to replace the configuration space of the theory . Based on this fundamental property for example the holonomy-flux *-algebra has been formulated . +0 We propose a quantisation scheme for this new kind of microscopic objects based on a Bohr-like approach , which does not require a detailed knowledge of quantum gravity . Their radius provides a dynamically generated minimal length acting as a universal short-distance cut-off . +1 Rewritten in this form , all tree-level MHV and next-to-MHV amplitudes exhibit manifest dual superconformal symmetry . We propose a new , compact and Lorentz covariant formula for the tree-level NMHV amplitudes for arbitrary numbers and types of external particles . +0 The analysis of the O , Ne , Ar and S abundances shows that the original ISM oxygen abundance was 0.27+/-0.10 dex lower and that third-dredge-up self-pollution in oxygen took place . The abundance analysis presented here is based on the direct calculation of the electron temperature Te and yields an oxygen abundance of 12+log ( O/H ) = 8.28+/-0.02 . +1 To illustrate this work , we examine the X-ray spectrum of the northwestern rim of an SNR suspected to have a non-thermal component to its X-ray emission , G156.2+5.7 ( RX J04591+5147 ) , over the energy range of approximately 0.7-12.0 keV using observations made by the ASCA GIS and the RXTE PCA . We compare fits made to the non-thermal component using two models , a simple power law and SRCUT . +0 Immediately a very natural and seemingly simple question arises how to strengthen the bump conjecture result by weakening its assumptions in a natural symmetric way . The latter paper uses the Bellman approach . +1 We present empirical relations between the global dust reddening and other physical galaxy properties including the Halpha luminosity , Halpha surface brightness , metallicity and axial ratio for star-forming disc galaxies . The study is based on a large sample of ~22 000 well-defined star-forming galaxies selected from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) . +0 The H $ _ { \alpha } $ and Spitzer MIPS 24 $ \mu $ m fluxes are both weak , thus indicating a low star formation rate of SFR $ \lesssim5-10 $ M $ _ { \odot } $ yr $ ^ { -1 } $ . Its spectrum reveals both H $ _ { \alpha } $ and [ NII ] emission lines and strong Balmer absorption lines . +0 It is well known that the quotient M/K is a complex space in a natural way . Let M be the zero fiber of the corresponding moment map . +1 The shape of the rapidity distribution becomes flatter with increasing beam energy . The multiplicities at mid-rapidity as well as the total yields are studied as a function of collision energy including AGS measurements . +0 In response to feedbacks and suggestions , we upgraded it to a `` Presentation Review '' of which we provide here the Explanatory Notes , the link to the .pptx file , and some image of the slides . A reference presentation , prepared by a coordinated pool of leading scientists in the field , was available to speakers . +1 We explore this formulation further in this paper . An action for a fluid of relativistic particles ( with and without spin ) is given in terms of the Lorentz and Poincare ( or de Sitter ) groups . +0 The time delay extraction is constructed by incorporating a linearly varying phase factor to the system of equations that determines Fourier coefficients . The approach is based on the recently developed by the authors spectrally accurate method for causality characterization that employs SVD-based causal Fourier continuations . +0 This has interesting structural consequences . All highest weight representations are proved to be irreducible : There are thus no singular vectors in the extended theory . +1 The common practice is to augment an external calibration solution using a known reference signal with an internal calibration on the unknown measurement signal itself . Contemporary self-calibration schemes try to find a self-consistent solution for signal and calibration by exploiting redundancies in the measurements . +0 This iteration bound is different than the one used earlier in the work of Bourgain , and is less dependent on the structure of the nonlinearity . The key is to derive an iteration bound based on a frequency decomposition of the solution . +1 A model of random triangulations of a domain in $ R^ { ( 4 ) } $ is presented . The global symmetries of the model include SL ( 4 ) transformations and translations . +1 We present a brief numerical study of the Darwin-Fowler method applied to the analysis of the energy partition of essembles of bosons and fermions . We analyze the assertion of the existence of a `` strong maximum '' made in the original paper of Darwin and Fowler and other studies and show that although the presumed saddle point along the real axis of the grand canonical parameters may exist it can not , in general , be characterized as `` strong '' , in the sense of having much larger magnitude than the other points along the path of integration . +1 We give strong lower bounds on the complexity of SDD representations by relating SDD size to best-partition communication complexity . We use this relationship to prove exponential lower bounds on the SDD size for representing a large class of problems that occur naturally as queries over probabilistic databases . +0 For almost all the parameters , we construct a canonical isomorphism between this space and the corresponding space of symbols as sl ( 2 ) -modules . The space of m-ary differential operators acting on weighted densities is a ( m+1 ) -parameter family of modules over the Lie algebra of vector fields . +1 The X-ray data are obtained from the archival data of CHANDRA , RXTE } , and SUZAKU . We combine all these X-ray data and fit the spectra with different models . +1 We show the relevance of this effect by identifying clear signatures of Gphi in the data of T. Kontos et al [ Phys.Rev.Lett . 86 , 304 ( 2001 ) , ibid . +1 They also satisfy a quintic relation , as the smallest closed relation . We conjecture that the algebras $ F_ { d , n } $ support a Markov trace which allow to define polynomial invariants for unoriented knots in an analogous way that the Kauffman polynomial is derived from the BMW algebra . +1 The superpartner of $ N $ develops the vacuum expectation value ( VEV ) of order TeV so that the DM $ N $ achieves the desired mass of 2 TeV . By the VEV , the U ( 1 ) _R symmetry is broken to the discrete Z_2 symmetry , which is identified with the matter parity in the minimal supersymmetric standard model ( MSSM ) . +1 The eigenvalue spacing distribution and the spectral rigidity are analyzed . In non-integrable regimes we have found eigenvalue repulsion as for the Gaussian orthogonal ensemble in random matrix theory . +0 This is supported by numerical experiments . Following the coupling between meteorological and wave models , we derive that on the whole this should imply stronger wind and higher waves in the most energetic part of the spectrum . +1 We analyze the structure of the resulted four-dimensional dynamical system with the methods of the center manifold theory and the normal form theory . It is shown that an initially expanding closed FRW universe , starting close to the Minkowski spacetime , can not avoid recollapse . +0 Let $ \mathcal { D } ^* $ denote the ultraproduct congruence on $ \Pi ( B_i|i\in I ) $ . For similar algebraic structures $ B_i $ , $ i\in I $ let $ \Pi ( B_i|i\in I ) $ and $ \Pi _ { \mathcal { D } } ( B_i|i\in I ) $ denote the direct product and the ultraproduct of $ B_i $ , respectively . +1 The Kondo effect is ascribed to a singlet-triplet transition in the ground state of the dot . At the transition , the low-temperature conductance approaches the unitary limit . +1 $ \delta_g^+ $ ) be the minimal dilatation of pseudo-Anosovs ( resp . pseudo-Anosovs with orientable invariant foliations ) defined on an orientable closed surface of genus $ g $ . +1 It is found that the combination of the models put into use here capture modestly well the trends of the data on some important observables . Some limitations of the approach would also be pointed out in the end . +1 Social network based trust relationships present a critical foundation for designing trustworthy systems , such as Sybil defenses , secure routing , and anonymous/censorshipresilient communications . A key issue in the design of such systems , is the revelation of users ' trusted social contacts to an adversary-information that is considered sensitive in today 's society . +0 Before showing how to extend the existence region we describe the same result in the case of the Burger equation , which , even if much simpler , nevertheless requires analogous logical steps required for the general proof . In particular if the initial data are sufficiently small we show that the analytic solution is global . +0 We generate policies for quantum control procedures to design three types of three-qubit gates , namely Toffoli , Controlled-Not-Not and Fredkin gates . Three-qubit quantum gates are crucial for quantum error correction and quantum information processing . +1 The performance of the telescope system has been studied using the cosmic ray on the ground laboratory near CJPL . Based on the underground experimental data taken from November 2010 to December 2011 in CJPL , which has effective live time of 171 days , the cosmic ray muon flux in CJPL is measured to be ( 2.0+-0.4 ) *10^ ( -10 ) / ( cm^2 ) / ( s ) . +0 We find extended soft X-ray emission from hot gas around the low intrinsic luminosity ( unobscured ) AGN ( $ L_ { \rm bol } \sim 10^ { 42 } -10^ { 44 } $ erg s $ ^ { -1 } $ ) . We present deep Chandra X-ray observations of the core of IC 2497 , the galaxy associated with Hanny 's Voorwerp and hosting a fading AGN . +1 The point is that individuals and companies are more and more kept out of the loop when it comes to control private data . With the goal of empowering informed choices in information leakage through the Internet , we propose CROWDSURF , a system for comprehensive and collaborative auditing of data that flows to Internet services . +1 In this paper , we study the spin-wave excitation spectra of two-component Bose gases with spin-orbit coupling on a deep square optical lattice using spin-wave theory . We find that , while the excitation spectrum of the vortex crystal phase is gapless with a linear dispersion in the vicinity of the minimum point , the spectra of the commensurate spiral spin phase and the skyrmion crystal phase are gapped . +0 The theory of this process is well established at high temperatures but rather ambiguous in the low temperature regime where measurements are impossible . Background : The triple-alpha reaction is the key to our understanding about the nucleosynthesis and the observed abundance of $ ^ { 12 } $ C in stars . +1 We extract the finite part of spurious external-bubble contributions systematically ; this is crucial for the application of integrand-level CSW rules in theories without supersymmetry . Our approach yields integrands that are independent of the choice of CSW reference spinor even before integration . +0 We present a method of constructing these models with an arbitrary frictional weakening function . Mean field slider block models have provided an important entry point for understanding the behavior of discrete driven threshold systems . +1 The aim is to have a parton shower algorithm for which the full analytic form of the probability distribution for all branchings is known . For these parton shower algorithms it is therefore possible to calculate the probability for a given event to be generated , providing the potential to reweight the event after the simulation . +0 We introduce a regularization for this problem and study the limiting motion for the 1-dimensional case and a multidimensional model problem . The friction coefficient is assumed to be vanishing within certain region . +1 While the local anisotropy contribution peaks at low multipoles , for reasonable models of the mass and velocity distributions associated with local super structures we find that the amplitude of temperature anisotropies is at most at a level of 10 $ ^ { -2 } $ $ \mu $ K and is substantially smaller than primordial fluctuations . It is extremely unlikely that the momentum density of local mass concentrations is responsible for any of the large angular scale anomalies in WMAP data . +1 We relate uniformly rigid spaces to their associated classical rigid spaces , and we transfer various constructions and results from rigid geometry to the uniformly rigid setting . In particular , we prove an analog of Kiehl 's patching theorem for coherent ideals , and we define the uniformly rigid generic fiber of a formal scheme of formally finite type . +0 This relationship exhibit a maximum temperature , below the Planck scale , at which the system changes its behaviour drastically . Substituting for the vacuum expectation value of the components of the energy-momentum tensor on the RHS of the Einstein equation , we deduce a relationship between the radius of the universe and its temperature . +0 +/- 0.029 ( syst . ) A significant genuine three-pion BEC enhancement near threshold was observed having an emitter source radius of r_3 = 0.580 +/- 0.004 ( stat . ) +0 We establish local and global thermodynamic stabilities of anti-RN-AdS solution through the specific heat and the canonical and grand-canonical ensembles . The Geometrothermodynamics analysis does not provide a result in agreement with the usual method or by the specific heat . +0 It further maps disease symptoms to diseases and drug effects to disease symptoms . Ontology is designed for storing information about rapidly spreading and changing diseases with incorporating existing disease taxonomies to genetic information of both humans and infectious organisms . +1 This places the source in the category of X-ray bursters showing high-energy emission . The tail can be modeled as a soft power law component , with the photon index of ~2.4 , on top of thermal Comptonization emission from a plasma with the electron temperature of kT_e~6 keV and optical depth of \tau~4 . +1 The general cloaking condition is proposed from the wave relations for the first time . We derive the parameters of a novel class of spherical nonlinear cloaks and examine its invisibility performance by the proposed method at various nonlinear situations . +1 Here , we review in detail our recent results , following a similar approach to show the existence of infinitely-sheeted solutions for 2 d.o.f . Hamiltonians which exhibit , upon perturbation , subharmonic bifurcations of resonant tori around an elliptic fixed point . +1 We examine here whether energy can escape physically from naked singular regions to reach either a local or a distant observer within the framework of general relativity . We find that in case of imploding null dust collapse scenarios field outgoing singular null geodesics including the cauchy horizon can be immersed between two Vaidya spacetimes as null boundary layers with non vanishing positive energy density . +0 This has largely subsided because of nagging doubts regarding the experiments ' reliability and interpretation . Consequently , experimental evidence for anomalous long-ranged like-charged attractions induced by geometric confinement inspired a burst of activity . +1 We study augmented quasiclassical equations of superconductivity with the Lorentz force , which is missing from the standard Ginzburg-Landau and Eilenberger equations . It is shown that the magnetic Lorentz force on equilibrium supercurrents induces finite charge distribution and the resulting electric field to balance the Lorentz force . +0 So far the experimental realization of proposed extended plasmonic networks consisting of multiple functional elements remains challenging , mainly due to the multi-crystallinity of commonly used thermally evaporated gold layers . Deep subwavelength integration of high-definition plasmonic nanostructures is of key importance for the development of future optical nanocircuitry for high-speed communication , quantum computation and lab-on-a-chip applications . +0 Consider the one-loop effective action , the logarithm of the determinant , and subtract off the renormalization dependent second-order term . These fields result in a determinant free of all cutoffs . +0 If the field energy is then prevalently kinetic , as is expected , its energy is exactly half of the pressureless component ; the dual component as a whole , then , has a density parameter \Omega_ { cd } = 3/4\beta^2 ( e.g. , for \beta~2.5 , \Omega_ { cd } ~0.1 , in accordance with Dark Radiation expectations ) . The density parameters of both components are then constant , as they expand as a^ { -4 } . +1 In this paper we extend this result to general graphs by proving that the cop has a winning strategy on $ G^ { 1/m } $ provided $ m \geqslant n/2 $ for all but a few small values of $ n $ ; this bound is best possible . We also consider replacing the edges of $ G $ with paths of varying lengths . +0 The outcome is a highly efficient multi-structure robust estimation technique . This permits the usage of simple agglomerative clustering on the surviving hypotheses for accurate model selection . +1 It discusses key ideas that lead to the definition of MSP fields and how moduli of stable maps to the quintic and that of 5-spin curves appear in the moduli of MSP fields . It also explains some properties of the moduli of MSP fields such as the cosection localisation , the properness of the degeneracy locus , and a torus action on the moduli.. +1 Some structure theory is used to show how any eulerian digraph can be generated by iterating combinations of just a few canonical graph-theoretic moves . We describe the effect of each of these moves on the lattice polytopes which encode the toric Calabi-Yau varieties and illustrate the construction in several examples . +1 A manifestly $ N=2 $ supersymmetric coset formalism is introduced to describe integrable hierarchies . It is applied to analyze the super-NLS equation . +1 Time of flight measurement from different astronomical sources set current limits on the energy scale of possible LIV to $ & gt ; 0.01 M_ { pl } $ ( for n=1 models ) and $ & gt ; 10^ { -9 } M_ { pl } $ ( for n=2 ) . According to current models Gamma-Ray Bursts ( GRBs ) are accompanied by bursts of high energy ( $ \gsim 100 $ TeV ) neutrinos . +0 Using the distributions of EWs of single-species features , we derive the distribution of column densities by a curve of growth ( CoG ) fit . We introduce a line strength parameter ( LSP ) that allows us to quantify the strength of the absorption features as compared to the sample by a single number . +0 Such a planar device is easier to fabricate compared with the absorbers with complicated shapes . The reflective substrate is actually an optically thick metallic film . +0 Ongoing studies based upon the methodology described here can be used to inform observational strategies and safety conditions for an observing spacecraft . Here we develop a simplified , idealized model of impact conditions that can be adapted to fit the details of specific deflection-test scenarios , such as what is being proposed for the AIDA project . +1 We show by an exact calculation , that the reduced density matrix for a uniformly accelerated observer when the quantum field is in a thermal state of temperature $ T^\prime $ is symmetric between acceleration temperature $ T = a/ ( 2\pi ) $ and the thermal bath temperature $ T^\prime $ . Thus thermal phenomena can not distinguish whether ( i ) one is accelerating with $ a = 2\pi T $ through a bath of temperature $ T^\prime $ or ( ii ) accelerating with $ a=2\pi T^\prime $ through a bath of temperature T. This shows that thermal and quantum fluctuations in an accelerated frame affect the observer in a symmetric manner . +1 In order to obtain the best-known guarantees , algorithms are traditionally tailored to the particular problem we want to solve . Two recent developments , the Unique Games Conjecture ( UGC ) and the Sum-of-Squares ( SOS ) method , surprisingly suggest that this tailoring is not necessary and that a single efficient algorithm could achieve best possible guarantees for a wide range of different problems . +1 We develop well-balanced central schemes on overlapping cells for the Saint-Venant shallow water system and its variants . The main challenge in deriving the schemes is related to the fact that the Saint-Venant system contains a geometric source term due to nonflat bottom topography and therefore a delicate balance between the flux gradients and source terms has to be preserved . +1 The bending rigidity and spontaneous curvature are investigated for anchored ideal and excluded-volume polymer chains . Our results are in good agreement with the previous theoretical predictions . +1 We consider the cosmic inflation driven by a multiple number of the inflaton fields , which decay into both radiation and pressureless matter components . We present a complete set of the exact background and perturbation equations which describe the evolution of the universe throughout its history . +1 The relation for a diffusion coefficient due to the random switching of the direction of rotation of their rotary motors is derived on the basis of the master equation . The obtained relation is confirmed by the direct numerical simulation of random trajectory of a magnetotactic bacterium under the action of the Poisson type internal noise due to the random switching of rotary motors . +1 One often sees a sharp distinction in mathematics between descriptions from the outside and from the inside . Think of defining a set in the plane through an algebraic equation , or dynamically as the closure of the orbit of some point under iterations of a given mapping . +0 A new approach to model the free electron is presented . It is postulated that the `` building blocks '' of the universe are not `` particles '' but are holistic wave-entitities which act and interact with other wave-entities as one would expect from waves . +1 The scalar mesons arise from fluctuations of the probe techniflavour branes and complement the ( axial- ) vector meson spectra that we investigated in earlier work . By explicitly finding the spectrum of scalar masses , we show that the nonsupersymmetric D7 - anti-D7 embedding is stable with respect to such fluctuations . +1 We discuss the Zamolodchikov-Faddeev algebra for the superstring sigma-model on AdS_5 x S^5 . We find the canonical su ( 2|2 ) ^2 invariant S-matrix satisfying the standard Yang-Baxter and crossing symmetry equations . +1 In diffusion index forecasts , identified factors are strongly related to several directly measurable economic variables such as consumption-wealth variable , financial ratios , and term spread . To incorporate the explanatory power of these observed characteristics , we propose a new two-step estimation procedure : ( i ) regress the data onto the observables , and ( ii ) take the principal components of the fitted data to estimate the loadings and factors . +1 Certain other puzzles of the standard model such as the absence of flavor changing neutral currents ( FCNC ) , are also explained naturally by the binary particle model . These puzzles are currently thought to be esoteric properties of electro weak interactions that have origins in physics beyond the standard model at some ultra high energy scales . +0 Using generalized Wigner-Eckart theorem and Biedenharn -Elliot identity in $ { \cal H } ^L $ , we show that the loop dynamics for pure SU ( 2 ) lattice gauge theory in arbitrary dimension , is given by the real symmetric $ 3nj $ symbols of first kind ( e.g. , n=6 , 10 for d=2 , 3 respectively ) . The resulting orthonormal and complete loop basis , explicitly constructed in terms of the $ d ( 2d-1 ) $ prepotential intertwining operators , is used to transcribe the gauge dynamics directly in $ { \cal H } ^ { L } $ without any redundant gauge and loop degrees of freedom . +0 Using the Bonn A potential , nuclear matter is predicted to saturate at an energy per nucleon of -- 15.30 MeV and a density equivalent to a Fermi momentum of 1.38 fm $ ^ { -1 } $ , in excellent agreement with empirical information . The results show that the saturation density is improved and the equation of state becomes softer as compared to corresponding Dirac-Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculations . +0 Results heading - We present multi-frequency VLA polarisation observations of CSS sources . Methods - Using multi-frequency VLA observations we have derived sub-arcsecond resolution images of the total intensity , polarisation , and rotation measure ( RM ) distributions . +1 We find that the effect of magnetic field on the matter of neutron stars and hence on the mass-radius relation is important , when the central magnetic field is atleast of the order of 10^ { 17 } G. Very importantly , the effect of strong magnetic field reveals anisotropy to the system . Moreover , if the central field approaches 10^ { 19 } G , then the matter becomes unstable which limits the maximum magnetic field at the center of magnetars . +0 If the small pitch angle synchrotron emission efficiently cools relativistic particles of the outflow , its spectrum below the peak energy is a powerlaw with spectral index alpha ~ -1 , close to the typical spectral index of the time-resolved GRB spectra . We show that if the GRB outflow is proton loaded , spectral energy distribution of this emission is expected to sharply peak in 0.1-1~MeV energy band . +0 Motivated by this example , we study in this paper random walks on hyper-graphs . For wireless networks ( and other networks ) , graphs are actually not the correct model of the communication ; instead hyper-graphs better capture the communication over a wireless shared channel . +0 In the sources with optical data as well as X-ray detections we rule out simple synchrotron models for X-ray emission , suggesting these systems may instead be dominated by inverse Compton ( IC ) scattering . The X-ray morphology is varied , but in general closely matches the radio structure until the first sharp radio bend . +0 Given a multiplicative sequence $ b= ( b_n ) $ we prove ( among other results ) : $ b $ is an $ \ell_1 $ -multiplier for $ \mathcal { H } _\infty $ provided $ |b_ { p_j } | & lt ; 1 $ for all $ j $ and $ \overline { \lim } _n \frac { 1 } { \log n } \sum_ { j=1 } ^n b_ { p_j } ^ { *2 } & lt ; 1 $ , and conversely , if $ b $ is an $ \ell_1 $ -multiplier for $ \mathcal { H } _\infty $ , then $ |b_ { p_j } | & lt ; 1 $ for all $ j $ and $ \overline { \lim } _n \frac { 1 } { \log n } \sum_ { j=1 } ^n b_ { p_j } ^ { *2 } \leq 1 $ ( here $ b^* $ stands for the decreasing rearrangement of $ b $ ) . We study the problem of describing such sequences $ ( b_n ) $ in terms of the asymptotic decay of the subsequence $ ( b_ { p_j } ) $ , where $ p_j $ denotes the $ j $ th prime number . +1 We study the process of multi-agent reinforcement learning in the context of load balancing in a distributed system , without use of either central coordination or explicit communication . We first define a precise framework in which to study adaptive load balancing , important features of which are its stochastic nature and the purely local information available to individual agents . +0 Single- and multi-differential cross sections are measured as functions of jet transverse energy E_T^jet and pseudorapidity \eta^jet in the domain 5 & lt ; E_T^jet & lt ; 75 GeV and -1 & lt ; \eta^jet & lt ; 2.5 . Jets are defined using the inclusive k_T algorithm . +1 We propose a biologically plausible feedback law , and use a high-gain limit to prove accessibility of a motion camouflage state in finite time . We discuss connections to work in missile guidance . +0 Moreover , the comparison of our toy model with the observable data and simulations leads to the following preferable NFW parameters for the Coma cluster : $ R_ { 200 } \approx 1.77\ , h^ { -1 } \ , \mathrm { Mpc } = 2.61\ , \mathrm { Mpc } $ , $ c=3\div 4 $ and $ M_ { 200 } = 1.29 h^ { -1 } \times10^ { 15 } M_ { \odot } $ . We show that , within the observation accuracy of the NFW parameters , the calculated value of $ R_ { eff } $ can be rather close to the observable cutoff of the galaxy distribution . +0 We consider models with different distributions for the FFQ energy intake . Our goal is to model the relationship between the energy intake derived from Food Frequency Questionnaires ( FFQs ) and the energy expenditure estimated from the doubly labeled water method . +0 Where fragments do form , we study the final masses that result . We determine dimensionless versions of the maximum surface density , accretion rate , and effective viscosity that can be sustained by density-wave turbulence without fragmentation . +0 In this interdisciplinary study we work to overcome a number of computational limitations within these current models . Two streams of modeling exist on explaining the dynamics of social networks : 1 ) models predicting links through network properties , and 2 ) models considering the effects of social attributes . +0 The cases $ n=2 $ are $ n=3 $ are discussed and for $ n=2 $ we obtain the model of Dasgupta and Chowdhury . We show the relation of these models and the biparametric spin chain $ \widehat { sl_ { p , q } \left ( n \right ) } $ models . +0 With detailed collider analysis , we obtain model independent exclusion bounds as well as discovery reach at the 14 TeV LHC for the process : $ gg\rightarrow A/H\rightarrow HZ/AZ $ , looking at final states bbll , \tau\tau ll and ZZZ ( 4l2j ) for l =e , \mu . We study the decays $ A\rightarrow HZ $ or $ H\rightarrow AZ $ , which could reach sizable branching fractions in certain parameter regions . +1 The search yields 100 z~3 ( U-dropout ) QSO candidates with 19 & lt ; r ' & lt ; 22 over 11.7 deg^2 in the ELAIS-N1 ( EN1 ) and ELAIS-N2 ( EN2 ) fields of the Spitzer Wide-area Infrared Extragalactic ( SWIRE ) Legacy Survey . The z~3 selection is reliable , with spectroscopic follow-up of 10 candidates confirming they are all QSOs at 2.83 & lt ; z & lt ; 3.44 . +0 These observations indeed suggest the presence of a long cycle with P = 226 days and an amplitude of a factor of two . Distributed over five months , the RXTE observations were designed to search for long X-ray modulations over a few months . +1 The discovery of about 700 extrasolar planets , so far , has lead to the first statistics concerning extrasolar planets . The presence of giant planets seems to depend on stellar metallicity and mass . +1 The spatiotemporal development of melting is studied experimentally in a 2D dusty plasma suspension . Starting with an ordered lattice , and then suddenly applying localized shear , a pair of counter-propagating flow regions develop . +1 The computation of 2T steps of the autocorrelation function requires only T sparse real matrix-vector multiplications . We describe and compare different schemes , effectively corresponding to different choices of the energy-dependent absorbing potential , and test them numerically by calculating resonances of the HCO molecule . +1 Here we assume that the local calibration between the 8 $ \mu $ m emission and the dust SED shape and metallicity applies at high redshifts and that our LAEs have low metallicities as suggested by previous studies . The inferred escape fractions of Ly $ \alpha $ , $ 16 $ -- $ 37 % $ , and UV continuum , $ \ge 44 % $ , are higher than the cosmic averages at the same epoch . +0 The Lagrangian in such theories is an expansion in momenta below the scale of `` new physics '' ( $ \Lambda $ ) and contains the effective operators generated by integrating out the `` heavy states '' above $ \Lambda $ present in the UV complete theory . We discuss the role of a class of higher dimensional operators in 4D N=1 supersymmetric effective theories . +1 In comparison to random or round-robin partner matching , we find that the average payoffs attained with preferential partner selection tend to be more narrowly confined to a few isolated payoff regions . Most ecologies evolve to essentially full cooperative behavior , but when agents are intolerant of defections , or when the costs of refusal and social isolation are small , we also see the emergence of wallflower ecologies in which all agents are socially isolated . +1 We compare our non-factorized analysis with the usual factorized analysis based on the peaking approximation in the calculation of the cross section for the heavy meson pair production . We also discuss the higher helicity contribution to the cross section . +0 The introduction of an intrinsic magnetization due to the plasma electron ( or positron ) spin properties in the magnetohydrodynamic limit is discussed . In particular , we analyze the collective effects due to spin using fluid models . +0 Thus , the prospects for discovering $ \eta_b ( 1S ) $ in $ \Upsilon ( 3S ) $ radiative decays could be comparable to those in $ \Upsilon ( 2S ) $ decays . Whereas one nonrelativistic model favors $ \eta_b ( 1S ) $ production from $ \Upsilon ( 2S ) $ , this advantage is lost when relativistic corrections are taken into account , and is not common to all sets of wave functions even in the purely nonrelativistic limit . +0 The second grating provides the distributed feedback for emitted wave . The first grating creates the conditions for Smith Purcell emission mechanism . +1 We show that for a class of non-negative strict local martingales , the strong Markov property implies the no arbitrage property with respect to the class of simple trading strategies . This result can be seen as a generalization of a similar result on three dimensional Bessel process in [ 3 ] . +0 The possible application of one-stage reaction for human cDNA analysis was additionally demonstrated with utilization of a common poly-T-containing primer in solution . Additionally the joint analysis of increased number of targets ( with addition of Chlamydia trachomatis , Mycoplasma hominis , and Ureaplasma urealyticum DNA ) was done in two-stage version of assay : first stage was in-tube PCR with target-specific primers , while the reverse ones contained 5'-adapter region ; the second stage was on-chip amplification with immobilized target-specific forward primers and adapter as common reverse primer in solution . +0 One of the fundamental parameters of the spiral structure is its angular velocity , or pattern speed $ \Omega_p $ , which determines the location of resonances in the disc and the spirals ' radial extent . In the last few decades many efforts have been made to understand the effect of spiral arms on the gas and stellar dynamics in the Milky Way disc . +1 We derive rotational widths using both velocity histograms and the Polyex model fit . The final rotational width is measured at a radius containing 83 % of the total light as derived from I-band images . +1 This technology allows for provisioning of various resources such as virtual machines ( VM ) , physical machines , processors , memory , network , storage and software as per the needs of customers . Application providers ( AP ) , who are customers of the CP , deploy applications on the cloud infrastructure and then these applications are used by the end-users . +0 However , adding layers makes training more difficult and computationally expensive . One of the most promising ways of improving the performance of deep convolutional neural networks is by increasing the number of convolutional layers . +0 The results poses a serious challenge for any theory of superconductivity in the pnictides that does not include electron-phonon interactions to produce a sizable Fe-isotope effect . We also estimate the anharmonic expansion from Fe ( 56- & gt ; 54 ) isotope substitution to \Delta a=5.1 10^ { -4 } \AA and \Delta d_ { Fe-As } = 2.510^ { -4 } \AA and the shift of harmonic zero point fluctuations of bond lengths & lt ; \Delta x^2 & gt ; & lt ; =3 10^ { -5 } \AA^2 , giving a total relative average decrease of electronic hopping integrals of |\delta t|/t & lt ; = 2.0 10^ { -4 } . +0 In this paper we investigate the question of whether these smoothness and convexity properties make the logistic loss preferable to other widely considered options such as the hinge loss . The logistic loss function is often advocated in machine learning and statistics as a smooth and strictly convex surrogate for the 0-1 loss . +0 For stationary solutions , depending on the values taken by the free parameters of the theory , the periodicity structure of the propagator reveal two effects . This might create the effect of extra-particle creation process at scales where the extra-degrees of freedom become relevant . +0 The geometry of a manifold is then completely characterized by a pair of variables $ \ { V^A ( x ) , A^ { AB } ( x ) \ } $ , each of which admit simple interpretations : $ V^A $ is the point of contact between the waywiser 's idealized wheel and the manifold whose geometry one wishes to characterize , and $ A^ { AB } =A_\mu^ { \phantom { \mu } AB } dx^\mu $ is a connection one-form dictating how much the idealized wheel of the waywiser has rotated when rolled along the manifold . The mathematical representation of an idealized waywiser consists of a choice of symmetric space called a { \em model space } and represents the `wheel ' of the idealized waywiser . +0 The investigated frequencies cause intra-subband but no inter-band and inter-subband transitions . We investigate both experimentally and theoretically , the magneto-gyrotropic photogalvanic effect in zinc-blende based quantum wells with $ C_ { 2v } $ point-group symmetry using optical excitation in the terahertz frequency range . +0 Along the external timelike world-lines , the theory naturally captures the `flow of time ' as a genuinely structural attribute of the world . In the relativistic theory based on the refined structure , energies and momenta turn out to be invariantly bounded from above , and lengths and durations similarly bounded from below , by their respective Planck scale values . +1 A coordinated cyber-attack on grid meter readings and breaker statuses can lead to incorrect state estimation that can subsequently destabilize the grid . This paper studies cyber-attacks by an adversary that changes breaker statuses on transmission lines to affect the estimation of the grid topology . +0 As an application , we construct simultaneous confidence bands for drift and volatility functions in a dynamic short-term rate model for the U.S. Treasury yield curve rates data . The asymptotic results can be applied to assess patterns of marginal densities or regression functions via the construction of simultaneous confidence bands for which one can perform goodness-of-fit tests . +1 We also show how the method gives a lower bound for for the mass of time-symmetric initial data sets for black holes with vectors and scalars in terms of the mass , $ |Z ( Q , P ) | $ of the double extreme black hole with the same charges . I also give a lower bound for the area of an apparent horizon , and hence a lower bound for the entropy in terms of the same function $ |Z ( Q , P ) | $ . +0 This model can be justified only when all electron spins are frozen . Despite the fact that the problem of interference mechanism of magnetoresistance in semiconductors with hopping conductivity was widely discussed , most of existing studies were focused on the model of spinless electrons . +1 The X-ray variations on short ( hours ) , medium ( months ) , and long ( years ) time scales have been explored . We detected 303 distinct X-ray sources by analysing six EPIC/pn observations ; 194 of them are members of the cluster . +0 Each compound has been studied at six levels of theory : non-magnetic ( NM ) , non-magnetic with spin-orbit coupling ( NM+SOC ) , ferromagnetic ( FM ) , ferromagnetic with spin-orbit coupling ( FM+SOC ) , anti-ferromagnetic ( AFM ) , and anti-ferromagnetic with spin-orbit coupling ( AFM+SOC ) . The theoretical formalism used is the generalized gradient approximation to density functional theory ( GGA-DFT ) with the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof ( PBE ) exchange-correlation functional . +0 This is done by using Gr\ '' obner bases techniques . We give new invariant Einstein metrics on the Stiefel manifold $ V_5\mathbb { R } ^n $ ( $ n\ge 7 $ ) and through this example we show how to prove existence of invariant Einstein metrics by manipulating parametric systems of polynomial equations . +1 We find a non-trivial ultraviolet fixed point in the Einstein-Hilbert action . The fixed point connects with the perturbative infrared domain through finite renormalisation group trajectories . +0 This work was initiated in the context of the ROADEF/EURO Challenge 2010 , a competition organized jointly by the French Operational Research and Decision Support Society , the European Operational Research Society , and the European utility company Electricite de France . The first phase of the heuristic solves a simplified constraint programming model of the problem , the second performs a local search , and the third handles overproduction in a greedy fashion . +0 In this paper we performed a quantitative study of the Ojala 's original LBP proposal together with other recently proposed LBP extensions in the presence of rotational , illumination and noisy changes . However , the original algorithm presents some limitations such as noise sensitivity and its lack of rotational invariance which have led to many proposals or extensions in order to overcome such limitations . +1 Speed is achieved with custom VLSI pattern recognition , linearized track fitting , pipelining , and parallel processing . Testing and reliability are aided by built-in logic state analysis and test-data sourcing at each board 's input and output , a common inter-board data link , and a universal `` Merger '' board for data fan-in/fan-out . +1 We study the light scattering properties of random ballistic aggregates constructed in Shen et al . ( Paper I ) . Using the discrete-dipole-approximation , we compute the scattering phase function and linear polarization for random aggregates with various sizes and porosities , and with two different compositions : 100 % silicate and 50 % silicate-50 % graphite . +0 The choices apparent in making this question precise lead to a great many different versions of the problem . In addition , one should also show that any such element satisfies some sort of regularity , that it be a sufficiently smooth manifold away from a well-behaved singular set . +1 Applications of muon pair production process in electromagnetic showers to the very high energy gamma-ray astronomy is discussed . It is shown that , although this process dominates over conventional pion and kaon decay above a few TeV in photon-initiated showers and provides a distinctive signature of photon-induced event ( muon pair ) , it is practically impossible to discriminate such events statistically from the background of muon pairs produced in the hadronic EAS . +0 These results give new explanations and intepretations of exisiting results in the literature . A prior to posterior analysis of beta-gamma processes is given that not only leads to an easy derivation of the Markov-Krein identity , but additionally yields new distributional identities for gamma and beta-gamma processes . +1 In particular , the imaging Ge spectrometer SPI combines for the first time the diagnostic powers of high resolution gamma-ray line spectroscopy and moderate spatial resolution . This review summarizes the major nucleosynthesis results obtained with INTEGRAL so far . +1 When the flow field effectively escorts the system along a near-equilibrium path , the free energy estimate converges efficiently and accurately . We illustrate our method on a model system , and discuss the general applicability of our approach . +1 A similar statement applies to the $ K_0 $ group of the boundary crossed product $ C^* $ -algebra $ C ( \Omega ) \rtimes\Gamma $ . If the Tits system has type $ \widetilde A_2 $ , exact computations are given , both for the crossed product algebra and for the reduced group $ C^* $ -algebra . +1 Cooperativity is a hallmark of proteins , many of which show a modular architecture comprising discrete structural domains . Detecting and describing dynamic couplings between structural regions is difficult in view of the many-body nature of protein-protein interactions . +1 Also , I show that the efficiency of particle acceleration needs be much smaller ( and less demanding ) than in cosmological models of GRBs . Uncertainties remain about the ensuing cosmic ray spectral distribution . +0 A new Suzaku campaign of 5 observations spanning ~6 months , together with past XMM-Newton and Chandra observations , show a remarkable constancy ( within & lt ; 10 % ) of the reflected component . NGC 4945 hosts one of the brightest AGN in the sky above 10 keV , but it is only visible through its reflected/scattered emission below 10 keV , due to absorption by a column density of ~4\times10^24 cm-2 . +1 Motivated by advances in near-infrared ( NIR ) adaptive optics imaging and mm-wave interferometry , we explore the observational signatures of GI in disks , using hydrodynamical and Monte Carlo radiative transfer simulations to synthesize NIR scattered light images and mm dust continuum maps . Spiral arms induced by GI , located at disk radii of hundreds of AUs , are local overdensities and have their photospheres displaced to higher altitudes above the disk midplane , arms therefore scatter more NIR light from their central stars than inter-arm regions , and are detectable at distances up to 1 kpc by Gemini/GPI , VLT/SPHERE , and Subaru/HiCIAO/SCExAO . +1 The cD galaxy is modelled using both axially symmetric and elliptical models and assuming several masses for its dark matter halo . The effect of the cD orientation with respect to the mass distribution of the host galaxy cluster is also investigated . +1 The Sr II spectrum is very strong , and the resonance lines show similar core-nib structure to the stronger Ca K line . We place only loose constraints on a model . +1 The laser path was oriented in longitudinal as well as transverse geometries with respect to the atoms flow . The enhancement of beam purity and the feasibility for in-source laser spectroscopy were investigated in off-line and on-line conditions . +1 Conformal higher spin ( CHS ) field theory , which is a solid part of recent advanced checks of AdS/CFT correspondence , finds applications in cosmology . Hidden sector of weakly interacting CHS fields suggests a resolution of the hierarchy problem in the model of initial conditions for inflationary cosmology driven by a conformal field theory . +1 We performed high-resolution simulations of two stellar collisions relevant for stars in globular clusters . We considered one head-on collision and one off-axis collision between two 0.6 M_sun main sequence stars . +1 The dynamics of a self-gravitating neutron gas in presence of a magnetic field is being studied taking the equation of state of a magnetized neutron gas obtained in a previous study [ 2 ] . We work in a Bianchi I spacetime characterized by a Kasner metric , this metric allow us to take into account the anisotropy that introduces the magnetic field . +0 We denote the length of the stream by $ n $ where each symbol is drawn from a universe of size $ m $ . The exact computation of the number of distinct elements ( frequency moment $ F_0 $ ) is a fundamental problem in the study of data streaming algorithms . +1 The question as to why most higher organisms reproduce sexually has remained open despite extensive research , and has been called `` the queen of problems in evolutionary biology '' . Theories dating back to Weismann have suggested that the key must lie in the creation of increased variability in offspring , causing enhanced response to selection . +0 In particular , we provide details and proofs-of-concept about a novel set of vulnerabilities CUDA architectures are subject to , that could be exploited to cause severe information leak . The aim of this work is to discover and highlight security issues related to CUDA , the most widespread platform for GPGPU computing . +1 Eight bursts of seventeen entering the sample , have significant extragalactic X-ray absorptions . Of these we find a range in metallicities from sub-solar to a few hundred times the solar value . +0 We analyse a range of parameter sets and priors , allowing for massive neutrinos , curvature , tensors and general dark energy models . We derive constraints on cosmological parameters using the power spectrum of galaxy clustering measured from the final two-degree field galaxy redshift survey ( 2dFGRS ) and a compilation of measurements of the temperature power spectrum and temperature-polarization cross-correlation of the cosmic microwave background radiation . +1 In Fe pnictide ( Pn ) superconducting materials , neither Mn- nor Cr- doping to the Fe site induces superconductivity , even though hole carriers are generated . This is in strong contrast with the superconductivity appearing when holes are introduced by alkali metal substitution on the insulating blocking layers . +0 It has torsion only at finitely many primes . We show that Out ( G ) either contains non-abelian free groups or is virtually nilpotent of class at most 2 . +0 This contribution presents a study of correlations for protons and { \Lambda } particles in Pb-Pb collisions at sqrt ( sNN ) = 2.76 TeV measured with ALICE . Of particular interest is the test of hydrodynamic models which predict a universal , apparent decrease of the extent of the system with increasing transverse mass mT as a consequence of the strong radial flow in heavy-ion collisions at LHC energies . +0 For processing time distributions with unbounded support , it has been shown that standard diffusion scaling yields an identically zero limit . We develop a heavy traffic diffusion limit theorem under nonstandard spatial scaling for the queue length process in a single server queue employing shortest remaining processing time ( SRPT ) . +1 Considering the full three-dimensional motion , we point out that the built-in dynamics can facilitate switching without requiring any asymmetry in potential landscape even in the presence of thermal noise . With experimentally feasible parameters , we theoretically demonstrate such intriguing possibility in electric field-induced magnetization switching of a magnetostrictive nanomagnet . +0 Other features of the emergent physics were : quantum field theory with emergent flavour and confined colour , limited causality and the Born quantum measurement metarule , inertia , time-dilation effects , gravity and the equivalence principle , a growing universe with a cosmological constant , black holes and event horizons , and the emergence of classicality . Previous progress in process physics included the demonstration that space and quantum physics are emergent and unified , with time a distinct non-geometric process , that quantum phenomena are caused by fractal topological defects embedded in and forming a growing three-dimensional fractal process-space , which is essentially a quantum foam . +1 We derive properties of this process and propose an extended model which generalises the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to the class of continuous-time ARMA ( CARMA ) processes . The model is illustrated by fitting it to empirical rainfall data on both daily and hourly time scales . +0 By jointly analyzing this absorption line with those from OVII , OVIII , and NeIX ions in the same spectrum , we obtain an abundance ratio as Fe/Ne=0.8 ( 0.4 , 2.1 ) in units of the Anders & amp ; Grevesse solar value ( 90 % confidence intervals ) . Here we report on the first detection of the Fe XVII absorption line at 15.02 A from the hot ISM in the spectrum of the low mass X-ray binary 4U~1820-303 observed with Chandra X-Ray Observatory . +1 As a consequence we find out a Kouchnirenko type formula for the Milnor number $ ( C,0 ) $ . Our results provide a geometrical approach to Abhyankar 's straight line conditions and its consequences . +1 The charge ordered state is stabilized so as to relax the geometrical frustration in the spin degrees of freedom . We also discuss the distortion of the lattice structure caused by the charge ordering . +1 We test our theory and perform numerical bifurcation analysis on two models which are known to generate auxin patterns for biologically plausible parameter values . In the same parameter regimes , we find that realistic tissues are capable of generating a multitude of stationary patterns , with a variable number of auxin peaks , that can be selected by different initial conditions or by quasi-static changes in the active transport parameter . +0 We find that the fundamental $ r $ -modes in the convective models are destabilized by strong nuclear burning in the convective region . As the angular rotation frequency $ \Omega $ is increased , the oscillation frequency $ \omega $ of the $ r $ -modes in the thin envelopes deviates appreciably from the asymptotic frequency $ \omega=2m\Omega/l^\prime ( l^\prime+1 ) $ defined in the limit of $ \Omega\to 0 $ , where $ \omega $ is the frequency observed in the corotating frame of the star , and $ m $ and $ l^\prime $ are the indices of the spherical harmonic function $ Y_ { l^\prime } ^m $ representing the angular dependence of the modes . +0 We extend our previous results to a more difficult situation where some spikes are equal , and compare our algorithm to an existing benchmark method . The approach is based on recent results of random matrix theory . +0 The situation for index 2 saddles is quite different . For the index 1 saddle case the stable and unstable manifolds of the NHIM are co-dimension one in the energy surface , and act as conduits for reacting trajectories in phase space . +0 These are based on the observation that a long mode , in single-field models of inflation , reduces to a diffeomorphism since its freezing during inflation all the way until the late universe , even when the long mode is inside the horizon ( but out of the sound horizon ) . We derive consistency relations for the late universe ( CDM and \Lambda CDM ) : relations between an n-point function of the density contrast \delta and an ( n+1 ) -point function in the limit in which one of the ( n+1 ) momenta becomes much smaller than the others . +0 We prove that ( a ) is equivalent to ( b ) and ( a ) implies ( c ) . Let \kappa \neq \omega_1 , and let us consider the following three statements : ( a ) there exists an algorithm A ( whose execution always terminates ) which takes as input a Diophantine equation D and returns the answer YES or NO which indicates whether or not the equation D has a solution in non-negative integers , if the solution set Sol ( D ) satisfies card ( Sol ( D ) ) & lt ; \kappa , ( b ) the function f_ { \kappa } is majorized by a computable function , ( c ) if a set M \subseteq N^n has a ( \kappa-1 ) -fold ( finite-fold , if kappa=\omega ) Diophantine representation , then M is computable . +1 The FeSe superconductor and its related systems have attracted much attention in the iron-based superconductors owing to their simple crystal structure and peculiar electronic and physical properties . The bulk FeSe superconductor has a superconducting transition temperature ( Tc ) of ~8 K ; it can be dramatically enhanced to 37 K at high pressure . +1 In our endeavour to build a pilot-wave theory of massless fermions , which would be relevant for the study of quantum non-equilibrium in the early universe , we are naturally led to Weyl spinors and to particle trajectories which give meaning to the `zig-zag ' picture of the electron discussed recently by Penrose . We show that a positive-energy massive Dirac electron of given helicity can be thought of as a superposition of positive and negative energy Weyl particles of the same helicity and that a single massive Dirac electron can in principle move luminally at all times . +1 By the consequence of Hughston-Jozsa-Wootters theorem , each basis set of local measurement on the third part will correspond to a particular decomposition of the bipartite mixed state into a weighted sum of pure states . It is possible to associate an average bipartite entanglement ( $ \bar { \mathcal { S } } $ ) with each of these decompositions . +0 However , recent measurements in individual human cells have shown that p53 and its regulator Mdm2 develop sustained oscillations over long periods of time even in the absence of stress . For many years , based on measurements over populations of cells it was believed that the p53-Mdm2 feedback loop was the responsible for the existence of damped oscillations in the levels of p53 and Mdm2 after DNA damage . +1 Kerr oscillators are model systems which have practical applications in nonlinear optics . Optical Kerr effect i.e.interaction of optical waves with nonlinear medium with polarizability $ \chi^ { ( 3 ) } $ is the basic phenomenon needed to explain for example the process of light transmission in fibers and optical couplers . +0 The first is a sudden steep increase in the neutral fraction with a typical width of 5-10 comoving megaparsecs , depending on the miniquasar power . Assuming a photoionisation-recombination balance , we find that for miniquasar sources the transition from neutral to ionised intergalactic medium is extended and has two features . +0 However , several core challenges impede the practical applications of this architecture , including the random positions and compositional fluctuations of the dots , extreme difficulty in current injection , and lack of compatibility with electronic circuits . A state-of-the-art ultra-low threshold nanolaser has been successfully developed though embedding quantum dots into photonic crystal cavity ( PhCC ) . +1 Using a recent asymptotic enumeration of non-negative integer matrices ( Canfield and McKay , 2007 ) , we determine the asymptotic volume of T ( m , n ) as n goes to infinity , with m=m ( n ) such that m/n neither decreases nor increases too quickly . In particular , we give an asymptotic formula for the volume of B ( n ) . +1 These equations form the basis for future systematic tests of alternative gravity theories . Our treatment is covariant and generalizes the classic Mathisson-Papapetrou-Dixon result for spinning ( extended ) test bodies . +1 Unlike more conventional perturbations to the inflationary initial state , these signatures can survive even relatively long periods of inflation . In addition , we find that for a given collision the observers in the bubble with smaller cosmological constant are safest from collisions with domain walls , possibly providing another anthropic selection principle for small positive vacuum energy . +1 Ultimately , we derive 3 decoupled complex equations governing 3 complex scalars . One of these is a new Regge-Wheeler ( RW ) equation generalized for LRS space-times , whereas the remaining two are new generalizations of the Bardeen-Press ( BP ) equations . +0 Diffusion is a mathematical idealisation , however : it assumes vanishingly small state changes at the microscopic level . One advantage is that they bridge two different scales : the microscopic and the macroscopic one . +0 Indeed , the practical problem in uncovering an underlying discrete scale invariance is that standard ensemble averaging procedures destroy it as if it was pure noise . We believe it to be a quite general , albeit subtle phenomenon . +1 However , many interesting physical systems contain mixtures of particles with different masses . Therefore , a generalization of the recent strong-coupling techniques would be highly desirable . +0 Often neutral evolution ( also known as 'drift ' ) models , are used to explain the evolution of human communication systems , and cultural evolution more generally . However , a role for selection in cultural evolutionary dynamics is less clear . +1 Channel conductance measurements can be used as a tool to study thermally activated electron transport in the sub-threshold region of state-of-art FinFETs . Together with theoretical Tight-Binding ( TB ) calculations , this technique can be used to understand the evolution of source-to-channel barrier height ( Eb ) and of active channel area ( S ) with gate bias ( Vgs ) . +1 As examples we apply the theory to several models of current interest in the study of Bose-Einstein condensates , which have been successfully created using ultracold dilute atomic gases . The first model we introduce describes Josephson tunneling between two coupled Bose-Einstein condensates . +0 We then discuss some of the current 3D shape retrieval benchmarks efforts of our group and others . Here we describe the procedures involved in developing a benchmark and issues involved . +0 Subject-specific trajectories are of great importance in ABPM studies , especially in clinical research , but little emphasis has been placed on this dimension of the problem in the statistical analyses of the data . The linear mixed model for the analysis of longitudinal data is particularly well-suited for the estimation of , inference about , and interpretation of both population and subject-specific trajectories for ABPM data . +1 Their accretion rates are an order of magnitude higher than expected from the correlation between mass and accretion rates measured from the UV excess , which is applicable if these wide planetary mass companions formed by protostellar core fragmentation . The high accretion rates and large separation from the central star demonstrate the presence of massive disks around these objects . +0 Here , by acknowledging the fact that the effective interparticle interaction ( i.e. , the vertex function ) becomes smaller above three dimensions , we propose an alternative way to reorganize Feynman diagrams and develop a theoretical framework for interacting Fermi gases beyond the ladder approximation . Existing strong coupling theories rely heavily on the so-called many-body T-matrix approximation that sums ladder-type Feynman diagrams . +1 The gravitational interaction is scale-free in both Newtonian gravity and general theory of relativity . The concept of self-similarity arises from this nature . +0 We use this to construct a probability distribution on the value of ( discrete approximations to ) the field equations , $ F = m \ddot x + V ' ( x ) $ , at $ n-2 $ times . We consider histories characterized by position samplings at $ n $ moments of time . +0 The aim of the present work is to bridge the gap between the estimates made by DFT calculations and experiments . It is shown that , for these metals , H_fv is underestimated considerably by DFT . +1 Here we explore the orbital evolution of planets around binaries undergoing orbital decay by this mechanism . We show that planets may survive and become misaligned from their host binary , or may develop erratic behavior in eccentricity , resulting in their consumption by the stars or ejection from the system as the binary decays . +1 In the early Universe , when the trace of the matter stress-energy tensor is nearly zero , the chameleon is very light , and Hubble friction prevents it from reaching the minimum of its effective potential . Whenever a particle species becomes non-relativistic , however , the trace of the stress-energy tensor is temporarily nonzero , and the chameleon begins to roll . +0 The comparative analysis shows that the Naive Bayes performed best with accuracy of 97.4 % , Multilayer Perceptron came out second with accuracy of 96.6 % , and J48 came out the worst with accuracy of 93.5 % . Also , 10-fold cross-validation and sets of performance metrics were used to evaluate the baseline predictive performance of the classifiers . +1 Here we focus on a prototype scenario with inflaton , \phi , and iso-inflaton , \chi , fields interacting during inflation via the coupling g^2 ( \phi-\phi_0 ) ^2\chi^2 . Since several previous investigations have hinted at the presence of localized `` glitches '' in the observed primordial power spectrum , which are inconsistent with the simplest power-law model , it is interesting to determine the extent to which such anomalies can be explained by this simple and well-motivated model . +0 However , cognitive situations exist which indicate that the Hilbert space structure , and the associated Born rule , would be insufficient to provide a satisfactory modeling of the collected data , so that one needs to go beyond Hilbert space . The research on human cognition has recently benefited from the use of the mathematical formalism of quantum theory in Hilbert space . +0 A lower bound for the Higgs mass arises for the class of standard bare potentials of \phi^4 type from the requirement of a well-defined functional integral ( i.e. , stability of the bare potential ) . In both cases , we find no indication for vacuum instability nor meta-stability induced by top-fluctuations if the cutoff is kept finite but arbitrary . +0 Equality case is also discussed . Moreover , we find an inequality between the warping function and the squared norm of the second fundamental form for such submanifolds . +1 For the Hilbert space \HE of Dirichlet-finite functions on $ G $ , we construct a Gel'fand triple $ S \ci { \mathcal H } _ { \mathcal E } \ci S ' $ . This yields a probability measure $ \mathbb { P } $ on $ S ' $ and an isometric embedding of $ { \mathcal H } _ { \mathcal E } $ into $ L^2 ( S ' , \mathbb { P } ) $ , and hence gives a concrete representation of the boundary as a certain class of `` distributions '' in $ S ' $ . +1 In addition we show that the axial U ( 1 ) anomaly becomes invisible in susceptibilities of scalar and pseudo scalar mesons , suggesting that the 2nd order chiral phase transition with the O ( 4 ) scaling is not realized in 2 flavor QCD . Possible lattice artifacts when non-chiral lattice Dirac operator is employed are briefly discussed . +0 Specially , several resonance conductance peaks appear at some energies in the conduction band of the squashed DWNT IMJ . It is found that when heavily squashed , the DWNT will become an insulator-coated metallic wire , and the conductance near the Fermi level has been significantly changed by the radial squash . +1 Mathematically , Fourier ptychographic ( FP ) reconstruction can be implemented as a phase retrieval optimization process , in which we only obtain low resolution intensity images corresponding to the sub-bands of the sample 's high resolution ( HR ) spatial spectrum , and aim to retrieve the complex HR spectrum . In real setups , the measurements always suffer from various degenerations such as Gaussian noise , Poisson noise , speckle noise and pupil location error , which would largely degrade the reconstruction . +1 In particular , it predicts a phase transition between species coexistence and biodiversity loss in the infinite-size limit and , in finite populations , a nonmonotonic dependence of the mean fixation time on the migration rate . In order to investigate the fixation properties of the subdivided population for stronger selection , we introduce an effective coarser description of the dynamics in terms of a voter model with intermediate states , which highlights the basic mechanisms driving the evolutionary process . +1 We simulate the arrival distribution of ultra-high-energy ( UHE ) protons by following their propagation processes in several strengths of a structured extragalactic magnetic field ( EGMF ) . Comparing our result to observational one by Akeno Giant Air Shower Array , we constrain the number density of UHE cosmic ray sources with the small-scale anisotropy . +1 Efforts to modulate the electronic properties of atomically thin crystalline nanoribbons requires precise control over their morphology . Here , we perform atomistic simulations on freestanding graphene nanoribbons ( GNRs ) to first identify the minimal shapes , and then employ a core-edge framework based on classical plate theory to quantify the width dependence in more general systems . +0 In addition to these direct benefits , an IVWSN is a versatile platform that can support other vehicular applications as well . By removing the wires , car manufacturers can reduce the weight of a vehicle and improve engine performance , fuel economy , and reliability . +0 Combining our CO and HI data with observations of the dust continuum , we study the changing properties of the cold outflow as it leaves the disk . Kinematic signatures of the outflow are visible in both the CO and HI emission : both tracers show a minor axis velocity gradient and together they show double peaked profiles , consistent with a hot outflow bounded by a cone made of a mix of atomic and molecular gas . +0 This scheme is universally applicable to the stabilization of laser systems at wavelengths not directly accessible to atomic or molecular resonances . A sample-and-hold technique gives an extended tuning range of several THz in the UV . +0 Combining contact processes with rules for topological evolution yields an adaptive network in which the states of the nodes can interact dynamically with the topological degrees of freedom . They provide a simple framework for many phenomena , such as epidemic spreading and opinion formation . +1 This thesis focuses on DW manipulation and DW-based devices in spin-valve ( SV ) tracks . In comparison to monolayer tracks , the SV track enables more sensitive and versatile measurements , as well as an electronic output of DW-based devices , of crucial interest to applications . +0 Using the new theory , we determine the parities of ground and excited spin states of high-spin ( S = 5/2 ) Fe ( III ) in hemin from the polarization dependence of experimental ground state EPR line intensities . The expressions are based on the concept of the ( complex ) magnetic transition dipole moment vector . +0 We find the best fit comes from using a 220,000 K hydrogen-deficient central star model atmosphere , indicating that the central star of this PN may have undergone a late thermal pulse . A fit to the infrared coronal lines places strong constraints on the properties of the unseen ionising source . +1 Using this concept I learn few physical applications : dynamics and Lorentz transformation in gravitational fields , Doppler shift . A reference frame in event space is a smooth field of orthonormal bases . +1 Since the first of LCOGT 's 1m telescopes are now being deployed , we lay out here LCOGT 's scientific goals and the requirements that these goals place on network architecture and performance , we summarize the network 's present and projected level of development , and we describe our expected schedule for completing it . In the bulk of the paper , we describe in detail the technical approaches that we have adopted to attain the desired performance . +1 We introduce a model for ionic electrodiffusion and osmotic water flow through cells and tissues . The model consists of a system of partial differential equations for ionic concentration and fluid flow with interface conditions at deforming membrane boundaries . +0 Most of the proposed experiments use only modest tools and can be carried out by archers with their own equipment . The detailed results of these measurements , performed with a specific bow and arrow , provide insight into many aspects of archery and illustrate the importance of quantitative information in the scientific process . +1 The widely-accepted theoretical treatment of the electromagnetic boundary problem of evanescent wave transfer at an interface between a normal medium of n=1 and an ideal negative index medium of n=-1 neglects the non-zero induced surface current and charge densities at the interface and is self-inconsistent . We re-solve the electromagnetic boundary problem by taking into account the non-zero induced surface current and charge densities that have been neglected so far by others . +1 We then employ the familiar canonical quantization procedure in the given cosmological setting to find the cosmological wave functions in the corresponding minisuperspace . Using a gauge-fixed ( reduced ) Lagrangian , we show that , it may lead to a Schr\ '' { o } dinger equation for the quantum-mechanical description of the model under consideration , the eigenfunctions of which can be used to construct the time dependent wave function of the universe . +0 The high precision data was obtained for an anisotropic three-dimensional Anderson model with disorder given by a box distribution of width $ W/2 $ . With $ N $ , $ W $ , and $ L $ denoting , respectively , system size , disorder strength , and the average number of levels in units of the mean level spacing , we find that both $ \chi ( N , W ) $ and the integrated $ \Sigma_ { 2 } $ obey finite-size scaling . +1 For WASP-25 ( Teff = 5750\pm100K ) we detect a projected spin-orbit angle of lambda = 14.6 degrees \pm6.7 . WASP-31 ( Teff = 6300\pm100K ) is found to be well-aligned , with a projected spin-orbit angle of lambda = 2.8degrees \pm3.1 . +0 We call this method Distribution Adaptive Prediction Interval Estimation given Nominal inputs ( DAPIEN ) and has four main phases . We propose a new prediction interval estimation method tailored for this type of data , which is prevalent in biology and medicine . +1 In this work a method is proposed for computing step free energies for faceted solid-liquid interfaces based on atomistic simulations . The method is demonstrated in an application to ( 111 ) interfaces in elemental Si , modeled with the classical Stillinger-Weber potential . +1 In addition to the previously known example of Sher25 , there are two newly-discovered Galactic analogs of SN1987A 's ringed nebula . Of these three Galactic analogs around blue supergiants , two ( Sher25 and SBW1 ) have chemical abundances indicating that they have not been through a red supergiant phase , and the remaining ringed bipolar nebula surrounds a luminous blue variable ( HD168625 ) . +0 A 60 , 4285 ( 1999 ) ) . We present a computer simulation model that is a one-to-one copy of a quantum eraser experiment with photons ( P. D. D. Schwindt { \sl et al . } , Phys.Rev . +1 The proof is remarkably simple , considering the numerous endeavors to tackle this problem in the last 15 years , and significantly improves our understanding of how runs can occur in strings . In addition , we obtain an upper bound of $ 3n $ for the maximum sum of exponents $ \sigma ( n ) $ of runs in a string of length $ n $ , improving on the best known bound of $ 4.1n $ by Crochemore et al . +1 Natural roads are joined road segments that perceptually constitute good continuity . This approach relies on the connectivity of natural roads rather than that of road segments for computing routes or map directions . +0 These inputs into the governing equations are assumed to be harmonic in the spanwise direction and stochastic in the wall-normal direction and in time . Non-modal amplification of disturbances in streamwise-constant channel flows of Oldroyd-B fluids is studied from an input-output point of view by analyzing the responses of the velocity components to spatio-temporal body forces . +1 In a sampling problem , we are given an input x , and asked to sample approximately from a probability distribution D_x . In a search problem , we are given an input x , and asked to find a member of a nonempty set A_x with high probability . +0 It is also crucial for controlling material properties . This shear-induced transition is involved in virtually any application of colloidal gels . +1 Multiferroic RMnO3 perovskites are central to this progress providing a suitable platform to tailor spin-spin and spin-lattice interactions . With views towards applications , development of thin films of multiferroic materials have also progressed enormously and nowadays thin film manganites are available with properties mimicking those of bulk compounds . +1 We show that for not few cardinals lambda & lt ; mu there is a superlimit model in K_lambda . Moreover , our main result is that we can find a good lambda-frame s categorical in lambda such that K_s subseteq K_lambda . +0 Results from numerical relativity suggest that kick imparted to a ~7 M_sun BH after it merges with a NS will greatly exceed the cluster 's escape velocity . Thus , the merger rate depends critically upon whether or not the BH is retained by the cluster after the merger . +1 In such frameworks , linear acyclic models are typically used to model the datagenerating process of variables . Recently , it was shown that use of non-Gaussianity identifies a causal ordering of variables in a linear acyclic model without using any prior knowledge on the network structure , which is not the case with conventional methods . +0 We show that the p-n interface acts as a semi-transparent mirror in the bipolar regime and that the reflectance and transmittance of the p-n interface can be tuned by the gate voltages . By using local bottomgates , a p-n interface tilted with respect to the current direction can be formed . +0 In particular , this answers a question raised by Lamperti [ Z. Wahrsch.Verw . Then we establish necessary and sufficient conditions for the laws $ \mathbb { P } _x $ to converge weakly to the law of $ X^ { ( 0 ) } $ as $ x $ goes to 0 . +0 For certain X , we define a cochain map from fls ( X ) to itself that is a good model of the pth-power operation on LX . For any space X with the homotopy type of simply-connected , finite-type CW-complex , we construct an associative cochain algebra fls ( X ) whose cohomology algebra is isomorphic to that of LX , the free loop space on X . +1 A Monte Carlo study has been performed using boosted-top techniques to reduce QCD background for the reconstruction of heavy particles with masses in the range of 8-20 TeV , and various widths . In particular , we have studied two models that predict heavy states , a model with an extra gauge boson ( Zprime ) and with a Kaluza-Klein ( KK ) excitation of the gluon ( gKK ) . +1 First , it answers the question of how large megaprojects are by measuring them in the units mega , giga , and tera , concluding we are presently entering a new `` tera era '' of trillion-dollar projects . Second , total global megaproject spending is assessed , at USD 6-9 trillion annually , or 8 percent of total global GDP , which denotes the biggest investment boom in human history . +1 A systematic theory of the conductance measurements of non-invasive ( weak probe ) scanning gate microscopy is presented that provides an interpretation of what precisely is being measured . A scattering approach is used to derive explicit expressions for the first and second order conductance changes due to the perturbation by the tip potential in terms of the scattering states of the unperturbed structure . +1 In addition , the LFI instrument generates the so called housekeeping data by sampling regularly the on-board sensors and registers . The housekeeping data provides information on the overall health status of the instrument and on the scientific data quality . +1 The discussed systems include a collection of two-level atoms , a two-mode quantized radiation field with a fixed total number of photons , and a single laser-cooled ion in a two-dimensional harmonic trap with a fixed total number of vibrational quanta . In the proposed rearrangement , the standard spectroscopic and interferometric experiments are inverted . +1 In this context I present the Fortran code SUSY_FLAVOR which calculates these processes in the generic MSSM including the complete resummation of all chirally enhanced effects as a new feature of version 2 . Than I discuss where large new physics effects in the MSSM are still possible . +0 Then , we show that the boundary state corresponding to it is identically zero . First , we explain that its cohomology is trivial also in the Ramond sector . +0 These conditions are satisfied when S is an Artin algebra of finite global dimension and M is finitely generated as an S-module . In the main theorem of this paper we show that if T is a tilting S-module , then under certain homological conditions on M as an S-module , one can extend T to a tilting complex over A inducing a derived equivalence between A and another triangular matrix ring specified by ( S ' , R , M ' ) , where the ring S ' and the R-S'-bimodule M ' depend only on T and M , and S ' is derived equivalent to S. Note that no conditions on the ring R are needed . +0 Many of these enzymes can accept multiple N-linked glycans as substrates , thereby generating a large number of glycan intermediates and their intermingled pathways . One of the major types of glycans , N-linked glycans , is formed by sequential attachments of monosaccharides to proteins by a limited number of enzymes . +0 Additionally , we use the CCFM-evolved unintegrated gluon as well as valence and sea quark distributions in a proton . The unintegrated parton densities in a proton and in a photon are determined using the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin ( KMR ) prescription . +1 Cortical neurons include many sub-cellular processes , operating at multiple timescales , which may affect their response to stimulation through non-linear and stochastic interaction with ion channels and ionic concentrations . Since new processes are constantly being discovered , biophysical neuron models increasingly become `` too complex to be useful '' yet `` too simple to be realistic '' . +1 For the fi ? rst time , local STS spectra clearly evidenced the energy levels associated with the chemical doping by nitrogen , localized in the conduction band . Various other nitrogen-related defects have been observed . +0 They are believed to be associated with large-scale shocks propagating through the intra-cluster medium , although the connection between radio relics and the cluster merger shocks is not yet proven conclusively . Radio relics are Mpc-scale diffuse synchrotron sources found in galaxy cluster outskirts . +0 The fully coupled electromechanical nature of the system is described by including both mechanical and electrical kinematical descriptors and both direct and inverse piezoelectric effects . By exploiting a mixed variational formulation and Lagrange multipliers method , an Euler- Bernoulli-like beam model which accounts for transverse interactions between different is presented . +1 At a mesoscopic level it respects an , again suitable adapted , version of the Lighthill-Whitham model , which belongs to the fluid-dynamical approach to the problem . At a macroscopic level the model seems to display a continuous transition from a fluid phase to a jammed phase when varying the density of the spheres ( the amount of cars in a city-like scenario ) and a discontinuous jump when varying the connectivity of the underlying network . +1 Quasar selection was carried out both in multicolor space and in `` profile space , '' defined as the multi-parameter space formed by the radial profiles of the objects in the different images . By combining the dither frames available for each filter , we were able to obtain well-sampled radial profiles of the objects and measure their deviation from that of a stellar source . +1 Coordinate transformations are derived from global Minkowski coordinates to the Fermi coordinates of an observer moving in a circle in Minkowski space-time . The metric for the Fermi coordinates is calculated directly from the tensor transformation rule . +0 For each galaxy we obtained broad-band images and narrow-band images using interference filters isolating the H\alpha + [ NII ] emission lines to derive the amount and morphology of dust and ionized gas . We report the results of multicolour observations of 30 E/S0 galaxies with dust lanes . +0 Two versions of the statement involve respectively continuous and c\`adl\`ag price paths . Our first proposition provides us with a pathwise definition of the gain process for a large class of continuous-time , path-dependent , self-finacing trading strategies , including the important class of 'delta-hedging ' strategies , and is based on the recently developed 'non-anticipative functional calculus ' . +0 We confirm that the spin excitations are always gapped as long as the intra-ring couplings form a regular triangle . Using the ( dynamical ) density-matrix renormalization group method , we study the low-energy physics of three-leg antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model where the periodic boundary conditions are applied in the rung direction . +1 The motivation for this is the bijection between parabolic orbits in the nilradical of a parabolic subgroup of SL_n and certain Delta-filtered modules for the Auslander algebra of k [ T ] /T^n as found by Hille and Roehrle and Bruestle et al . Under this bijection , the Richardson orbit ( i.e.the dense orbit ) corresponds to the Delta-filtered module without self-extensions . +0 Instantaneous wide bandwidth radio observations in combination with the capability for high resolution spectral index mapping , can be directly used to disentangle these effects . These challenges make the existing narrow-band radio surveys of the Galactic plane difficult to interpret : e.g.a small region of emission might be a supernova remnant ( SNR ) or an HII region , or a complex combination of both . +0 The high accretion rates and large separation from the central star demonstrate the presence of massive disks around these objects . Their accretion rates are an order of magnitude higher than expected from the correlation between mass and accretion rates measured from the UV excess , which is applicable if these wide planetary mass companions formed by protostellar core fragmentation . +0 Metallic nanostructures partially alleviate this situation , as the large light enhancement associated with their localized plasmons amplifies their nonlinear response to record high levels . Unfortunately , many applications in nonlinear optics are severely hindered by the small response of conventional materials . +0 Specifically , we prove uniform estimates related to ( i ) Sobolev Embedding Theorems , ( ii ) the invertibility of the Laplace operator and ( iii ) Poincare ' and Gagliardo-Nirenberg-Sobolev type inequalities . We then show that various important analytic and elliptic estimates , formulated in terms of weighted Sobolev spaces , can be obtained independently of the parameters used in the construction . +0 Quantities at the limits to present measurement may be observables in other scales . The scale in which present measuments are made is called present scale which gives present knowledge . +1 However , one of the main difficulties of complex rheologies is the large number of parameters needed to describe the model . In this sense , the multi-surface cyclic plasticity approach , developed by Iwan in 1967 but linked to Prandtl or Preisach theoretical work , is an interesting choice : the only data needed is the modulus reduction curve . +0 To understand the types of corrections that may arise , we construct weakly-coupled completions of the theory and study their observational signatures . Due to its proximity to the Hubble scale , the new physics is not necessarily decoupled from inflationary observables and can potentially affect the predictions of the model . +1 Additionally we have tested application of the bagging procedure to the feature selection . The random forest regression models were built using selected variables . +1 The friction coefficient is assumed to be vanishing within certain region . We introduce a regularization for this problem and study the limiting motion for the 1-dimensional case and a multidimensional model problem . +0 To remedy this problem , it is tempting to simplify it through a sequence of collapses . Unfortunately , the Rips complex is generally high-dimensional . +0 As an example of minisuperspace model , we consider a Bianchi type IX Universe , for which some dynamical implications of the revised canonical quantum gravity are discussed . The new constraint leads to a Schr\ '' odinger equation for the system.i.e.to non-vanishing eigenvalues for the super-Hamiltonian operator ; the physical interpretation of this feature relies on the appearance of a `` dust fluid '' ( non-positive definite ) energy density , i.e.a kind of `` materialization '' of the reference frame . +1 Aim of this work is to calculate explicitly the result of the experiment of superposition of a mirror in the Michelson photon cavities interferometric device proposed by Marshall , Simon , Penrose and Bownmeester , as expected within a recently proposed model of non-unitary self-gravity inducing localization . As for other proposals of modifications of Quantum Mechanics in a non-unitary sense , aimed to account for both unitary evolution and irreversible collapse , like in the famous Ghirardi-Rimini-Weber and Pearle 's models , it turns out that , for the experimental parameters proposed , no effect is detectable at all . +0 We deduce this result by relating f ( \Delta ) with the graded Betti numbers of the Alexander dual of \Delta_ { \chi } . Moreover , we show that the h-vector of the simplicial complex \Delta_ { \chi } is precisely the f-vector , denoted f ( \Delta ) , of the original complex \Delta . +1 In this atomic approach to the Fermi-Hubbard model the Hamiltonian is a direct result of the optical lattice potential created by interfering laser fields and short-ranged ultracold collisions . It provides a route to simulate the physics of the Hamiltonian and to address open questions and novel challenges of the underlying many-body system . +0 The in-plane shape and strain anisotropy strongly couple the heavy and light hole states and lead to large optical anisotropy with non-orthogonal linearly polarized states misaligned with respect to the crystallographic axes . We investigate polarization properties of neutral exciton emission in single self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots . +1 Electronic transport in highly doped but still insulating silicon at low temperatures is dominated by hopping between localized states ; it serves as a model system of a disordered solid for which the electronic interaction can be investigated . We have studied the frequency-dependent conductivity of phosphorus-doped silicon in the THz frequency range ( 30 GHz to 3 THz ) at low temperatures $ T\geq 1.8 $ K. The crossover in the optical conductivity from a linear to a quadratic frequency dependence as predicted by Efros and Shklovskii is observed qualitatively ; however , the simple model does not lead to a quantitative agreement . +0 Within the Green function approach model calculations are p erformed using the thermodynamic $ T $ matrix in ladder approximation . One-particle se lf-energies and the density of states in the vicinity of the pairing transition point are presented . +0 Diagnostic tests are developed to identify behaviour symptomatic of incorrect convergence . While complex Langevin dynamics is found to work correctly at larger beta , it fails for smaller beta , in the region of the phase diagram corresponding to the disordered phase . +1 We also propose the idea of Layered Fault Tolerant Specification ( LFTS ) to make the method extensible to dependable systems . The principle is layering the specification , for the sake of clarity , in ( at least ) two different levels , the first one for the normal behavior and the others ( if more than one ) for the abnormal . +1 The information , characterized by a quantity called the inefficiency , embedded in the agent 's strategies performance turns out to be very different from that of the other agents . Detailed numerical studies reveal a relationship between the success rate of the agent and the inefficiency . +1 H2EX can provide an inventory of warm ( & gt ; 100 K ) molecular gas in a broad variety of objects , including nearby young star clusters , galactic molecular clouds , active galactic nuclei , local and distant galaxies . The rich array of molecular , atomic and ionic lines , as well as solid state features available in the 8 to 29 micron spectral range brings additional science dimensions to H2EX . +0 The problem is studied through direct numerical simulations of two counter-directed flows in 2D geometry . The Kelvin-Helmholtz instability in an ionized plasma is considered with a focus on the generation of magnetic field via the Biermann battery mechanisms . +1 As a measure of dynamical ( over ) heating , we use the ratio of the observed velocity dispersion to the minimal dispersion which provides the local stability of the stellar disks with respect to gravitational perturbations . We came to conclusion that stellar disks in a significant part of galaxies ( including LSB and some S0 galaxies ) are close to the marginal stability condition ( or are slightly overheated ) -- at least at radial distances $ r\sim $ 2-3 radial scalelenghts . +1 The strip width/pitch size was chosen such to fulfill the impedance matching with the front-end electronics and the granularity requirements of the innermost zone of the CBM-TOF wall . The in-beam tests using secondary particles produced in heavy ion collisions on a Pb target at SIS18 - GSI Darmstadt and SPS - CERN were focused on the performance of the prototype in conditions similar to the ones expected at SIS100/FAIR . +1 By tuning the field through zero at a finite rate in neutral BLG , excited states are produced . Due to screening , the resulting dynamics is determined by coupled non-linear Landau-Zener models . +1 In recent numerical simulations \citep { matsubayashi07 , lockmann08 } , it has been found that the eccentricity of supermassive black hole ( SMBH ) - intermediate black hole ( IMBH ) binaries grows toward unity through interactions with stellar background . This increase of eccentricity reduces the merging timescale of the binary through the gravitational radiation to the value well below the Hubble Time . +1 In this paper , we give a lower bound on the number of independent sets in a $ d $ -regular graph mirroring the upper bound in the Kahn-Zhao theorem . The main result of this paper is a proof of a strengthened form of Galvin 's conjecture , covering the case $ n\leq 2d $ as well . +0 Here , we quantitatively estimate the total mass of ejected materials during the giant impact stages . Indeed , tens of warm debris disks around young solar-type stars have been observed . +0 Few theoretical studies have been concerned with this problem , with the small number using either highly idealized models or assuming a magnetic field orders of magnitude beyond what is supported by observations . Are giant flares in magnetars viable sources of gravitational radiation ? +0 We find that our data divide the M31 globular clusters , Galactic globular clusters/Galactic stars , and gE galaxies into three different stellar populations . From these data we measure UV colors and absorption line strength ( ALS ) indices , including the key NH feature at 3360 A . +1 This upper limit exceeds the expected GRXE intensity in the GA direction by an order of magnitude , given the near-infrared ( NIR ) surface brightness of the Milky Way in this region and the standard hard X-ray-to-NIR intensity ratio for the GRXE , assuming stellar origin . Based on the CGRO/EGRET surface brightness of the Galaxy above 100 MeV as a tracer of the cosmic-ray ( CR ) induced gamma-ray background , the expected GRXE flux in GA exceeds the measured 2 sigma upper limit by a factor of 4 . +0 The housekeeping data provides information on the overall health status of the instrument and on the scientific data quality . In addition , the LFI instrument generates the so called housekeeping data by sampling regularly the on-board sensors and registers . +0 Comparing our result to observational one by Akeno Giant Air Shower Array , we constrain the number density of UHE cosmic ray sources with the small-scale anisotropy . We simulate the arrival distribution of ultra-high-energy ( UHE ) protons by following their propagation processes in several strengths of a structured extragalactic magnetic field ( EGMF ) . +0 The notion of two diquarks is used : ( i ) $ D^ { 1 } _ { 1 } $ , with the spin $ S_D=1 $ and isospin $ I_D=1 $ and ( ii ) $ D^ { 0 } _ { 0 } $ , with $ S_D=0 $ and $ I_D=0 $ . We continue our attempts to systematize baryons , which are composed of light quarks ( $ q=u , d $ ) , as quark -- diquark systems . +0 The alloy composition was measured by Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy ( EDX ) and Rutherford Backscattering Spectrometry ( RBS ) . The ternary and quaternary films were grown at 620 C. Different alloy compositions were obtained by varying the Al and Ga fluxes . +0 One approach to implementing scalable algorithms is to compress data into a low dimensional latent space using dimension reduction methods . The scalability of statistical estimators is of increasing importance in modern applications . +0 We derive a single letter characterization of the capacity of the MAC with partial cribbing for the cases of causal and strictly causal partial cribbing . The partial cribbing scheme is especially motivated by the additive noise Gaussian MAC since perfect cribbing results in the degenerated case of full cooperation between the encoders and requires an infinite entropy link . +1 The system exhibits variable , non-thermal radiation visible from radio to very high energies ( VHE ) around periastron passage . This radiation is thought to originate from particles accelerated in the shock region between the pulsar wind ( PW ) and stellar outflows . +0 Distance , velocity , and proper motion measurements are consistent with previous orbit fits . It has a sharp cutoff on the high latitude side . +0 Inspired by hierarchical object representation and recent application of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ( DCNNs ) on human pose estimation , we propose a novel formulation that incorporates both hierarchical exemplar-based models and DCNNs in the spatial terms . However , their efficacy on highly articulated objects such as humans is yet to be explored . +0 Various other nitrogen-related defects have been observed . For the fi ? rst time , local STS spectra clearly evidenced the energy levels associated with the chemical doping by nitrogen , localized in the conduction band . +0 The bifurcation sequence as a function of $ h $ found in the experiment confirms the qualitative aspects of the theoretical predictions . Beyond $ h_ { ct } $ the bifurcation is stationary and subcritical until a tricritical field $ h_t= 57.2 $ is reached , beyond which it is supercritical . +1 In this case , the challenge is primarily control of materials and interfaces , and device nanofabrication . We report important steps toward implementing spin qubits in a predominantly nuclear-spin-free system by demonstrating state preparation , pulsed gate control , and charge-sensing spin readout of confined hole spins in a one-dimensional Ge/Si nanowire . +0 The input data and parameterization of each lens model was similar for the four model programs used to highlight differences in the output results . All four lens systems were modeled with PixeLens , Lenstool , glafic , and Lensmodel . +1 Using two Chandra observations we have derived estimates of the dust distribution and distance to the eclipsing high mass X-ray binary ( HMXB ) Cen X-3 using the energy-resolved dust-scattered X-ray halo . By comparing the observed X-ray halos in 200 eV bands from 2-5 keV to the halo profiles predicted by the Weingartner & amp ; Draine interstellar grain model , we find that the vast majority ( about 70 % ) of the dust along the line of sight to the system is located within about 300 pc of the Sun , although the halo measurements are insensitive to dust very close to the source . +1 Such a source is a necessary stage towards building the neutrino factories and muon colliders which are being considered at present . The CERN Neutrino Factory could deliver muon beams with intensities 3-4 orders of magnitude higher than available now , with large freedom in the choice of the time structure . +0 In this system , classical mechanics predicts a transition from a regular to a chaotic behavior as a result of the coupling between the longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom . We study an experimental setup in which a quantum probe , provided by a quasi-monomode guided atom laser , interacts with a static localized attractive potential whose characteristic parameters are tunable . +0 In this paper , we prove the Murty-Simon Conjecture for the graphs whose complements have diameter three , not only with even vertices but also odd ones . Haynes et al proved the conjecture for the graphs whose complements have diameter three but only with even vertices . +1 We then show that the concurrence monotones provide bounds on quantum information tasks . As an example , we discuss their applications to remote entanglement distributions ( RED ) such as entanglement swapping and remote preparation of bipartite entangled states ( RPBES ) . +0 Extension to higher dimensional signals ( qudits ) is straightforward . Special classes of signals are also investigated , in order to improve the information-disturbance trade-off . +0 In doing this , we consider the possibility of analyzing networks where the diagonal of the adjacency matrix is structured , that is , has a fixed number of nonzero entries . Having in mind the large-scale analysis of gene regulatory networks , we review a graph decimation algorithm , called `` leaf-removal '' , which can be used to evaluate the feedback in a random graph ensemble . +0 The trajectory of the front wheel and the initial position of the bicycle uniquely determine its motion and its terminal position ; the monodromy map sending the initial position to the terminal one arises . The model of a bicycle is a unit segment AB that can move in the plane so that it remains tangent to the trajectory of point A ( the rear wheel is fixed on the bicycle frame ) ; the same model describes the hatchet planimeter . +0 Derived expressions are in the form of Lauricella 's $ ( F_D^ { ( n ) } ( \cdot ) , \Phi_1^ { ( n ) } ( \cdot ) ) $ hypergeometric functions which can be numerically evaluated using either integral or series representation . Closed-form expressions are obtained for the average symbol error rate ( ASER ) for general order rectangular QAM and cross QAM schemes using moment generating function based approach . +1 Let $ V $ be a real finite dimensional representation of a compact Lie group $ G $ . It is well-known that the algebra $ \mathbb R [ V ] ^G $ of $ G $ -invariant polynomials on $ V $ is finitely generated , say by $ \sigma_1 , ... , \sigma_p $ . +0 This sample , together with the former catalog of Garcia-Gomez and Athanassoula ( 1991 ) will form the basis for subsequent studies of the spiral structure in disc galaxies . We have compiled a new sample of galaxies with published catalogs of HII region coordinates . +1 Similarly to stability , Lyapunov functions and contraction metrics play important roles in the study of incremental stability . In this paper , we provide characterizations and descriptions of incremental stability in terms of existence of coordinate-invariant notions of incremental Lyapunov functions and contraction metrics , respectively . +0 These findings are discussed in view of the conformational properties of the rings presented in the preceding paper ( DOI : 10.1063/1.3587137 ) . The rings relax stress much faster than linear polymers and the zero-shear viscosity was found to vary as approximately N to the 1.4 power which is much weaker than the N to the 3.4 power of linear chains , not matching any commonly known model for polymer dynamics when compared to the observed mean-square displacements . +1 This paper investigates the influence of magneto-centrifugally driven or simply magnetic winds of rapidly-rotating , strongly-magnetized T Tauri stars in causing the inward or outward migration of close-in giant planets . The azimuthal ram pressure of the magnetized wind acting on the planet tends to increase the planet 's angular momentum and cause outward migration if the star 's rotation period $ P_* $ is less than the planet 's orbital period $ P_p $ . +0 The effects of adding a repulsive interaction between atoms has been examined resorting to the Gross-Pitaevskii-Popov procedure and it is found that the shift of the condensation temperature exhibits different signs according to the separation between wells . We find that for large particle number and increasing well separation , the condensation temperature evolves from the thermodynamic limit value T_c^ { ( 0 ) } ( N ) to T_c^ { ( 0 ) } ( N/2 ) . +0 This paper studies cyber-attacks by an adversary that changes breaker statuses on transmission lines to affect the estimation of the grid topology . A coordinated cyber-attack on grid meter readings and breaker statuses can lead to incorrect state estimation that can subsequently destabilize the grid . +0 The latter is realized by coating two non-touching sliding bodies with ferromagnetic films . In this theoretical work we propose a non-contact motion control technique based on the introduction of a tunable magnetic interaction . +0 To reduce ambiguities , we modified the original three-element rasnik design to a two-element one . The system provides low-cost minute-by-minute alignment monitoring with submicron precision . +0 For a more specific model with environmental spins in a transverse field , LZ transitions are studied in the case of well-separated resonances in the LZ grid . It is shown analytically that environmental spins initially in their ground state do not influence the staying probability P. This changes if they are prepared in a statistical ensemble . +0 In the ordinary case , we give necessary conditions in order to obtain such symmetries . It consists in a stochastic flow that acts over a solution of a differential equation and produces another solution of the same equation . +0 The anomaly issue was discussed . The noncommutativity has introduced interesting new objects in JP 's Planck scale framework . +1 Its alteration by the finite temperature and/or finite sizes in the space is studied . The scaling behaviours are studied in different regimes depending upon whether the finite temperature or the finite sizes of the system is leading . +1 The corresponding solutions for each specific theory can be obtained by transforming back to the original canonical representation , and the conversions are given for the theories of Jordan-Brans-Dicke , Barker , Schwinger , and conformally invariant coupling . The electrostatic solutions represent the exterior metrics and fields of configurations where the gravitational and electric equipotential surfaces have the same symmetry . +0 Here we report the emergence of superconductivity at 7.4 K in Li-intercalated few-layer-graphene ( FLG ) . Theory predicts that doping the surface of the graphene effectively alters the electronic structure , thus promoting propensity towards Cooper pair instability . +0 Finally , we examine the application of our algorithms iteratively in a bootstrapping technique to define a smooth robust non-parametric approximation of the original sequence . Our algorithms have respective running times $ O ( n^2\log n ) $ when $ P $ is monotonic and $ O ( n^2\log^2 n ) $ when $ P $ is an arbitrary simple polyline . +0 We conclude that our analytic model provides a quantitative physical explanation for the intrinsic alignment of dark halo substructures . We compare the numerical distribution with the analytic prediction , and find that the two results agree with each other very well . +1 In this article , we explore the natural connectivity of random graphs both analytically and numerically and show that it increases linearly with the average degree . By comparing with regular ring lattices and random regular graphs , we show that random graphs are more robust than random regular graphs ; however , the relationship between random graphs and regular ring lattices depends on the average degree and graph size . +0 In this paper we describe our experiments to measure the effectiveness of garbage collection in MIT/GNU Scheme . Dead objects that are reachable from program variables are not reclaimed . +1 We consider N=4 theories on ALE spaces of $ A_ { k-1 } $ type . As is well known , their partition functions coincide with $ A_ { k-1 } $ affine characters . +0 Our approach also allows us to study the instability-induced anomalous heating of the condensate at the edge of the Brillouin zone and growth of the uncondensed atomic fraction . We show that quantum fluctuations trigger the dynamical instability of the Bloch states of the condensate and can lead to the generation of arrays of matter-wave gap solitons . +0 Uncertainties remain about the ensuing cosmic ray spectral distribution . Also , I show that the efficiency of particle acceleration needs be much smaller ( and less demanding ) than in cosmological models of GRBs . +1 Majorana and pseudo-Dirac heavy neutrinos are introduced into the type-I and inverse seesaw models , respectively , in explaining the naturally small neutrino mass . TeV scale heavy neutrinos can also be accommodated to have a sizable mixing with the Standard Model light neutrinos , through which they can be produced and detected at the high energy colliders . +1 Unfortunately , the Rips complex is generally high-dimensional . To remedy this problem , it is tempting to simplify it through a sequence of collapses . +0 This model , also known as multidimensional unfolding , has applications in economics , psychometrics , marketing , and many other fields . Decision makers prefer those alternatives closer to them . +0 Binary descriptors have recently gained more attention as a potential vehicle to achieve these goals . This has significantly heightened the need for automated annotation of the images on one side , and fast and memory-efficient content-based image retrieval systems on the other side . +1 Accounting for the current leads presents an additional difficulty encountered in thin film transport current problems . We generalize , to the presence of a transport current , the two-variable variational formulation proposed recently for thin film magnetization problems . +1 We investigate the possibility that the observed rotation of galaxies can be accounted for by invoking a massive baryonic disc with no need for non-baryonic dark matter or a massive halo . There are 5 primary reasons for suggesting this : 1. there are well known disc surface mass density distributions that naturally produce the observed rotation curves of galaxies . +1 Only observers that do n't change of position can detect them . Thus , to relate quantities measured by observers in different G potentials they must be previously transformed after Lorenz and G transformations derived from experiments . +1 This paper introduces a new and ubiquitous framework for establishing achievability results in \emph { network information theory } ( NIT ) problems . The framework uses random binning arguments and is based on a duality between channel and source coding problems . +0 This assumption may frequently lead to a conceptual problem that folding takes place in a temperature region of very low thermodynamic stability , especially when the contact map used is too sparse . In structure-based models of proteins , one often assumes that folding is accomplished when all contacts are established . +1 We discuss the reliability of CSSR , its data requirements , and its performance in simulations . Finally , we compare our approach to existing methods using variablelength Markov models and cross-validated hidden Markov models , and show theoretically and experimentally that our method delivers results superior to the former and at least comparable to the latter . +0 However , in the vector spectropolarimetric mode the FOV reduces to 25 '' x 38 '' . The field-of-view ( FOV ) of 50 '' x 38 '' is well suited for quiet Sun and sunspot observations . +0 Our proposed method consists of two steps of dimension reduction : It first applies the functional PCA to extract a reasonable large number of features under the normal operational ( in-control ) state , and then use the soft-thresholding techniques to further select significant features capturing profile information in the out-of-control state . To tackle these two challenges , we propose a novel thresholded multivariate principal component analysis ( PCA ) method for multi-channel profile monitoring . +1 Using an automated identification algorithm , we detect 100 candidate objects . Only two new objects are detected outside the boundary of previous maps , despite the much wider area surveyed . +1 We present an updated description of the Planck Low Frequency Instrument ( LFI ) data processing pipeline , associated with the 2015 data release . We point out the places where our results and methods have remained unchanged since the 2013 paper and we highlight the changes made for the 2015 release , describing the products ( especially timelines ) and the ways in which they were obtained . +1 Diffuse interstellar bands ( DIBs ) can trace different conditions of the ISM along the sightline toward the observed stars . A small survey was made in optical wavelengths , producing high resolution and high signal to noise spectra . +1 This Lasso-type approach for GLMMs should be mainly used as variable screening method to reduce the number of variables below the sample size . We then suggest a refitting by maximum likelihood based on the selected variables only . +0 For $ \Delta m^2 & lt ; 0 $ ( the dark side ) , the average energy of the dominantly $ \bar { \nu } _e $ events is already lower than the theoretical expectations , which would get aggravated by a complete conversion from $ \bar { \nu } _\mu $ to $ \bar { \nu } _e $ . For $ \Delta m^2 & gt ; 0 $ ( the light side ) , the electron neutrinos from the neutronization burst would be lost , while the first event at Kamiokande is quite likely to be due to an electron neutrino . +1 These trends can not be explain by simple Arrhenius behavior . A combination of Kirkwood theory and ab initio modeling provides a means of successfully accounting for this behavior both qualitatively and quantitatively . +0 By calculating and comparing XRD spectra for a set of differently ordered and random structures , we show that the pyrochlore structure is consistent with diffraction experiments . These formation energies show the pyrochlore structure to be favored over the fluorite structure , apparently contradicting the conclusions based on experimental neutron and X-ray diffraction ( XRD ) . +0 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing using paired-end sequencing on the MiSeq platform from Illumina , Inc. , is being used to characterize the composition and dynamics of extremely complex/diverse microbial communities . Recent advances in next-generation sequencing have revolutionized genomic research . +1 The current trend of multicore architectures on shared memory systems underscores the need of parallelism . While there are some programming model to express parallelism , thread programming model has become a standard to support these system such as OpenMP , and POSIX threads . +0 It is known that these observables can not be described by self-adjoint operators or by the corresponding spectral projection-valued measure . The present paper deals with the quantum coordinates of an event in space-time , individuated by a quantum object . +0 Conversely , anti-PIFs protect from VE-cadherin disruption and enhance cell cohesion . Indeed , a growing number of permeability inducing factors ( PIFs ) was shown to elicit signaling mechanisms culminating in VE-cadherin destabilization and global alteration of the junctional architecture . +1 We describe some overlooked features of how the cosmological horizon responds to the black hole evaporation . The presence of a black hole depresses the entropy of the cosmological horizon by an amount proportional to the geometric mean of the entropies of the black hole and cosmological horizons . +0 Simulations also show that detection power is maximized when the smoothing bandwidth is close to the bandwidth of the signal peaks , akin to the well-known matched filter theorem in signal processing . Simulations assuming a Gaussian peak shape and a Gaussian autocorrelation function show that desired error levels are achieved for relatively low SNR and are robust to partial peak overlap . +1 Our result is consistent with the assumption that gravitational waves were produced by a binary black hole merger . The detection of the event confirmed the main prediction of the population synthesis performed with the `` Scenario Machine '' formulated in Lipunov1997b . +0 Using some very simple assumptions on the metallicity of the stellar populations , we explore how this property affects the unresolved gravitational-wave background from extragalactic compact binaries . Recent studies on stellar evolution have shown that the properties of compact objects strongly depend on the metallicity of the environment in which they were formed . +0 The paper concludes with two case studies . However , in our empirical work we study the relative merits of all three paradigms to determine how best to combine them . +1 We also study the related question for F-harmonic functions ( solutions ) which are continuous across E. Main results assert that if there exists a convex cone subequation M such that F+M is contained in F , then any closed set E which is M-polar has these properties . To be M-polar means that E = { f = -\infty } where f is M-subharmonic on X and smooth outside of E. Many examples and generalizations are given . +0 A comparison between our predictions and previous theoretical results obtained at Born level or assuming the Pomeron-exchange factorization relations is presented . We consider the non-forward solution of the BFKL equation at high energy and large momentum transfer and estimate the total and differential cross section for the process $ \gamma \gamma \to V_1 V_2 $ , where $ V_1 $ and $ V_2 $ can be any two vector mesons ( $ V_i = \rho , \omega , \phi , J/\Psi , \Upsilon $ ) . +0 In this context , the precise prediction of the Higgs parameters as masses and couplings play a crucial role for the proper distinction between different models . After the discovery of a Higgs-like boson by the LHC experiments ATLAS and CMS , it is of crucial importance to determine its properties in order to not only identify it as the boson responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking but also to clarify the question if it is a Standard Model ( SM ) Higgs boson or the Higgs particle of some extension beyond the SM as { \it e.g . } supersymmetry . +0 Application of our approach to search exact solutions of nonlinear differential equations is discussed in detail . Another idea is to take into consideration all possible singularities of equation studied . +0 Each asset volatility smile is modeled according to a density-mixture dynamical model while the same property holds for the multivariate process of all assets , whose density is a mixture of multivariate basic densities . We introduce a multivariate diffusion model that is able to price derivative securities featuring multiple underlying assets . +0 By comparing the observed X-ray halos in 200 eV bands from 2-5 keV to the halo profiles predicted by the Weingartner & amp ; Draine interstellar grain model , we find that the vast majority ( about 70 % ) of the dust along the line of sight to the system is located within about 300 pc of the Sun , although the halo measurements are insensitive to dust very close to the source . Using two Chandra observations we have derived estimates of the dust distribution and distance to the eclipsing high mass X-ray binary ( HMXB ) Cen X-3 using the energy-resolved dust-scattered X-ray halo . +0 We further performed high-pressure NMR studies on NaFeAs , and found that the $ T_ { SDW } $ increases by $ \sim $ 7 K and the magnetic moment increases by 30 % under 2.5 GPa pressure . A fluctuating feature of the SDW ordering is also seen below the $ T_ { SDW } $ . +0 Finally , we use Multilayer Perceptron ( MLP ) to predict event spans . Then we hire temporal ( 1D ) convolutional neural network to learn hidden feature representations . +0 This suggests that in these systems a major merger did occur , but at least several Gyr ago . In most cases this HI is distributed in large ( up to 190 kpc ) and massive ( up to M ( HI ) ~ 10^10 M ( sun ) ) disk- or ring-like structures , that show fairly regular rotation around the host galaxy . +0 Atomic physics was needed to answer the question why in chemistry , string theory is trying to answer the question why in the standard model . Following Dyson 's analogy between the quantum field theory and the 19th-century chemistry-both explain how but not why-one could also establish an analogy between atomic physics and string theory . +0 But when the effect of the higher order correlation functions is included ( through e.g. , causal factorization -- molecular chaos -- conditions , which we call 'slaving ' ) , in the form of a correlation noise , the dynamics of the lower order correlations shows dissipative features , as familiar in the field-theory version of Boltzmann equation . When the hierarchy is truncated , one obtains the ordinary closed-system of correlation functions up to a certain order , and from the nPI effective action , a set of time-reversal invariant equations of motion . +1 We review ( mainly ) quantum effects in the theories where gravity sector is described by metric and dilaton . The one-loop effective action for dilatonic gravity in two and four dimensions is evaluated . +0 The particle and thermal photon spectra are seen to differ only marginally , for the two equations of state . We compare particle spectra , thermal photon spectra and histories of evolution of the quark-gluon plasma produced in the central collision of gold ( lead ) nuclei at RHIC ( LHC ) energies , considering ideal hydrodynamical expansion of the system . +0 We find that if the final step of the decay chain involves a metastable particle , the resulting presence of displaced tracks provides strong constraints with which to solve for the unknown kinematic quantities lost through missing energy . Here we analyze the kinematics of dual cascade decays with missing energy resulting from a stable non-interacting new particle state at the bottom of the decay chain . +1 It is applicable to dynamical systems whose right-hand side is a polynomial function in the state variables and the controls . The key idea , first described but not implemented in ( Chernyshenko et al. , Phil.Trans.R . Soc . +0 [ Phys Rev Lett 108 , 196802 ( 2012 ) ] , namely the trigonal warping of the valence and conduction bands , the electron-hole symmetry breaking , and the spin-splitting of the conduction band . It captures the features which are present in first-principles calculations but not explained by the theory of Xiao et al . +1 We have sampled 120,000 stars via differential photometry , of which ~26,000 have sufficient photometric accuracy ( & lt ; =2.5 % ) with which to perform a search for transiting planets . Ongoing analysis has led to the identification of three candidates . +0 Moreover , the relationship between chaos and the phase transition is considered , and interpreted in the light of a geometrization of dynamics . The Hamiltonian microscopic dynamics also exhibits critical slowing down close to the transition . +0 We derive a master formula that relates the SCET resummation to the QCD result for any choice of mu_s . We consider various forms of the SCET result , which correspond to different choices of the soft scale mu_s that characterizes this approach . +1 We find that one of the hole-like Fermi surfaces is missing around the Gamma point compared to the case of LaFeAsO . Analysis using the maximally-localized-Wannier-function technique indicates that the xy orbital becomes more localized as the As-Fe-As angle decreases . +1 In this paper we illustrate the simplifications produced by FDR in NNLO computations . We show with an explicit example that - due to its four-dimensionality - FDR does not require an order-by-order renormalization and that , unlike the one-loop case , FDR and dimensional regularization ( DR ) generate intermediate two-loop results which are no longer linked by a simple subtraction of the ultraviolet ( UV ) poles in epsilon . +1 After discussing the flavor decomposition and the $ P_T $ -dependence of the asymmetry obtained in the previous analysis at the center-of-mass energy $ \sqrt { S } =62.4 $ and 200 GeV , we will give a prediction for the asymmetry at $ \sqrt { S } =500 $ GeV and also for the $ \eta $ -meson production . We found slightly smaller asymmetry at $ \sqrt { S } =500 $ GeV for $ \pi^ { \pm,0 } $ and $ K^+ $ compared with those at the lower energies . +0 To this end , the topic of dual satellite systems , in which satellites share spatial ( i.e.same coverage area ) and spectral ( i.e.full frequency reuse ) degrees of freedom is introduced . The constantly increasing demand for interactive broadband satellite communications is driving current research to explore novel system architectures that reuse frequency in a more aggressive manner . +0 Standard-model-singlet neutrinos are assigned to ETC representations that provide a similar suppression of neutrino Dirac masses , as well as the possibility of a realistic seesaw mechanism with no mass scale above the highest ETC scale of roughly $ 10^3 $ TeV . This leads to a natural suppression of these masses relative to the $ Q=2/3 $ quarks , as well as the generation of quark mixing angles , both long-standing challenges for ETC theories . +0 The multigrid convergence behavior is known to strongly depend on whether the discretization grid is aligned or non-aligned with the anisotropic direction and analyses in the paper will be mainly focused on two-level algorithms . This paper is devoted to the multigrid convergence analysis for the linear systems arising from the conforming linear finite element discretization of the second order elliptic equations with anisotropic diffusion . +1 We present results obtained from a series of observations of the supernova remnant RX J1713.7-3946 by the Suzaku satellite . The observations cover about two-thirds of the remnant surface . +1 After the discovery of a Higgs-like boson by the LHC experiments ATLAS and CMS , it is of crucial importance to determine its properties in order to not only identify it as the boson responsible for electroweak symmetry breaking but also to clarify the question if it is a Standard Model ( SM ) Higgs boson or the Higgs particle of some extension beyond the SM as { \it e.g . } supersymmetry . In this context , the precise prediction of the Higgs parameters as masses and couplings play a crucial role for the proper distinction between different models . +0 An inherent feature of such solid-state cavity QED systems is the presence of electron-phonon interactions , which distinguishes these systems from conventional atomic cavity QED . Semiconductor quantum dots ( QDs ) in photonic nanocavities provide monolithic , robust platforms for both quantum information processing and cavity quantum electrodynamics ( QED ) . +1 The cooling effects of a nonlinear quantum oscillator via its interaction with an artificial atom ( qubit ) are investigated . The quantum dissipations through the environmental reservoir of the nonlinear oscillator are included , taking into account the nonlinearity of the qubit-oscillator interaction . +0 In the process , we develop tools for extracting scalar field equations in arbitrary higher spin backgrounds . We compute boundary three-point functions involving two scalars and a gauge field of arbitrary spin in the AdS vacuum of Vasiliev 's higher spin gravity , for any deformation parameter \lambda . +1 We study an experimental setup in which a quantum probe , provided by a quasi-monomode guided atom laser , interacts with a static localized attractive potential whose characteristic parameters are tunable . In this system , classical mechanics predicts a transition from a regular to a chaotic behavior as a result of the coupling between the longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom . +1 Here , it is formulated in a more general context . An interesting feature of the theory is that , although the field is obtained by canonical quantization , it is independent of Bogoliubov transformations . +0 % We simulate open systems with a bottleneck and obtain flow-density data by implementing `` virtual detectors '' . % For illustration , we use the intelligent-driver model ( IDM ) as underlying model , characterize the level of service solely by the velocity and couple the internal variable to the IDM parameter `` netto time gap '' , modelling an increase of the time gap in congested traffic ( `` frustration effect '' ) , that is supported by single-vehicle data . +0 In this paper , we compute the profiles of reprocessing emission lines from a relativistic , warped accretion disc around a black hole in order to explore the possibility that certain asymmetries in the double-peaked emission line profile which can not be explained by a circular Keplerian disc may be induced by disc warping . Double peaked broad emission lines in active galactic nuclei are generally considered to be formed in an accretion disc . +1 We first apply the method to a simulated galaxy survey and study the accuracy with which the cosmic web can be recovered in the presence of different observational effects , showing that the projected tidal field can be estimated with reasonable precision over large regions of the sky . We then apply our method to the 2MASS survey and present a publicly available full-sky map of the projected tidal forces in the local Universe . +0 Composing Web services makes the processes capable of doing complex tasks . Web services are building blocks of interoperable systems . +0 Our model is an extension of the one of Faliszewski et al . We study the concept of bribery in the situation where voters are willing to change their votes as we ask them , but where their prices depend on the nature of the change we request . +1 The cloud structure is studied with a column density image derived from Herschel continuum maps obtained at 70 , 160 , 250 , 350 , and 500 micron . We identify two high-column density filamentary clouds , quoted as the W43-MM1 and W43-MM2 ridges , which both account for 1.5x10^4 Msun gas mass above 10^23 cm-2 and within areas of 5 and 14pc^2 , respectively . +1 Then , the process of generating hash function based on the \linebreak topological chaos is detailed . Finally it is shown how some tools coming from the domain of \linebreak topological chaos can be used to measure quantitatively and qualitatively some desirable properties for hash functions . +0 How to determine in this case an effective coupling parameter has been a matter of intensive debate . In contrast , if the pair interaction is screened by background charges ( Yukawa OCP ) the thermodynamic state depends , in addition , on the range of the interaction via the screening parameter $ \kappa $ . +1 We consider the cotangent bundle $ T^*F_\lambda $ of a $ GL_n $ partial flag variety , $ \lambda= ( \lambda_1 , ... , \lambda_N ) $ , $ |\lambda|=\sum_i\lambda_i=n $ , and the torus $ T= ( \C^\times ) ^ { n+1 } $ equivariant K-theory algebra $ K_T ( T^*F_\lambda ) $ . We introduce K-theoretic stable envelope maps $ \Stab_ { \sigma } : \oplus_ { |\lambda|=n } K_T ( ( T^*F_\lambda ) ^T ) \to\oplus_ { |\lambda|=n } K_T ( T^*F_\lambda ) $ , where $ \sigma\in S_n $ . +1 The method has been tested with a detector made of a continuous LSO-scintillator of dimensions 42x42x10 cubic mm and optically coupled to the compact large area position sensitive photomultiplier H8500 from Hamamatsu . The mean resolution in all non-trivial moments was found to be smaller than 5 % but their direct use as estimates for the three-dimensional photoconversion position turned out to be unsuitable . +1 Suppose that we are given a quantum computer programmed ready to perform a computation if it is switched on . Counterfactual computation is a process by which the result of the computation may be learnt without actually running the computer . +0 The clusters are of interest because a blue horizontal branch in Terzan 4 is consistent with very low metallicity , while Terzan 5 has been proposed as possibly the most metal rich known Galactic globular cluster . Using the NIRSPEC spectrograph at Keck II , we have obtained infrared echelle spectra covering the range $ 1.5-1.8 \mu \rm m $ for the highly reddened bulge globular clusters Terzan 4 and Terzan 5 . +0 We are interested in queue-length aware scheduling to keep the queues short , and develop scheduling algorithms that use only partial service rate information from subsets of channels to minimize the likelihood of queue overflow in the system . At each time , the server can observe instantaneous service rates for only a subset of flows ( from within a fixed collection of observable subsets ) before scheduling a flow in the subset for service . +0 In this paper , we refine further and develop this theory of FeSc2S4 . 102 , 096406 ( 2009 ) ] that FeSc2S4 is in a local `` spin-orbital singlet '' state driven by spin orbit coupling , close to a quantum critical point , which separates the `` spin-orbital singlet '' phase from a magnetically and orbitally ordered phase . +1 Following a first study of the central regions of M32 that illustrated the power of integral-field spectroscopy ( IFS ) in detecting and measuring the [ O III ] { \lambda } 5007 emission of PNe against a strong stellar background , we turn to the very nuclear PN population of M31 , within 80 pc of its centre . We show that PNe can also be found in the presence of emission from diffuse gas and further illustrate the excellent sensitivity of IFS in detecting extragalactic PNe through a comparison with narrowband images obtained with the Hubble Space Telescope . +0 As a result of this , even with the current level of tightness of known luminosity relations , gamma-ray bursts ( GRBs ) can give comparable tightness of constraint with type Ia supernovae ( SNe Ia ) on the components of the universe as long as the redshifts of the GRBs are diversifying enough . The results , especially for the constraints on the components of the universe , clearly show that constraints from standard candles at different redshifts have different degeneracy orientations , thus standard candles with a wide redshift distribution can self break the degeneracy and improve the constraints significantly . +1 More specifically , for any frame $ E $ of $ m $ vectors in $ \mathbb { R } ^k $ except possibly from a subset of Gaussian measure exponentially small in $ m $ and for any number $ L \geq 2 $ of quantization levels per measurement to be used to encode the unit ball in $ \mathbb { R } ^k $ , there is an algorithmic quantization scheme and a dual frame together which guarantee a reconstruction error of at most $ \sqrt { k } L^ { - ( 1-\eta ) m/k } $ , where $ \eta $ can be arbitrarily small for sufficiently large problems . Additional features of the proposed algorithm include low computational cost and parallel implementability . +0 Poisson ) R-deformations of the structure sheaf O_X . We consider associative ( resp . +1 This intrinsically universal QCA belongs to the simplest subclass of QCA : Partitioned QCA ( PQCA ) . PQCA are QCA of a particular form , where incoming information is scattered by a fixed unitary U before being redistributed and rescattered . +1 Within the framework of the Kondo-Heisenberg model , we analyse the effect of charge fluctuation on the modulated spin liquid ( MSL ) and antiferromagnetic ( AF ) orders which were established in a previous publication . We discuss the emergence of two quantum critical lines separating the coexisting Kondo-MSL and Kondo-MSL-AF phases . +0 We introduce the notion of cohomological vector field defined on nongraded symplectic plane . By using help of algebraic operad theory , Leibniz algebra theory and symplectic-Poisson geometry are connected . +0 As the Peccei-Quinn scale becomes higher resulting in longer axino lifetime , the neutralino dark matter appears in a lighter Higgsino-like LSP region or a more restricted Bino-like LSP region allowing a resonant annihilation through a CP-odd Higgs boson to meet stronger reannihilation . We examine the neutralino parameter space to identify the dark matter property depending on the Peccei-Quinn scale . +1 We discuss two formulae , the classical Gabrielov-Gelfand-Losik formula based on investigation of configuration spaces and the local combinatorial formula obtained by the author in 2004 . The latter formula is based on the notion of a universal local formula introduced by the author and on the usage of bistellar moves . +1 Such changes in radius have been indirectly probed by the measurements of the changes in the time lag between the near-IR and UV/optical light variation . Here we report direct evidence for such a receding sublimation region through the near-IR interferometry of the brightest Type 1 AGN in NGC4151 . +1 The mass of 56Ni synthesized and the asymptotic velocities attained in our calculations are in accord with those inferred from observations of SN1998bw and SN2003dh . These steady wind-like outflows are generally proton rich , characterized by only modest entropies , and consequently synthesize essentially nothing heavier than the Fe-group elements . +1 Closed-form expressions are obtained for the average symbol error rate ( ASER ) for general order rectangular QAM and cross QAM schemes using moment generating function based approach . Derived expressions are in the form of Lauricella 's $ ( F_D^ { ( n ) } ( \cdot ) , \Phi_1^ { ( n ) } ( \cdot ) ) $ hypergeometric functions which can be numerically evaluated using either integral or series representation . +1 The daughter nuclei density distributions are folded with a realistic density dependent M3Y effective interaction supplemented by a zero-range pseudo-potential . The density dependence parameters of the interaction are extracted from the nuclear matter calculations . +0 Then , we present the background in circuit design as well as the state-of-the-art circuitry implementations , and review the communication protocols specially designed for RF-EHNs . First , we present an overview of the RF-EHNs including system architecture , RF energy harvesting techniques and existing applications . +1 This paper explores feedback systems using incremental redundancy ( IR ) with noiseless transmitter confirmation ( NTC ) . For IR-NTC systems based on { \em finite-length } codes ( with blocklength $ N $ ) and decoding attempts only at { \em certain specified decoding times } , this paper presents the asymptotic expansion achieved by random coding , provides rate-compatible sphere-packing ( RCSP ) performance approximations , and presents simulation results of tail-biting convolutional codes . +0 We characterize the $ M $ -smoothings obtained by this method by the local data . These singularities appear as a result of iterating deformations of the strict transforms of the branch at certain infinitely near points of the toric embedded resolution of singularities of $ ( C,0 ) $ . +1 degrees ( 2.1 x 10^5 comoving Mpc at z=2.23 ) in these fields . The BzK colours of the emitters suggest that at least 80 % of our sample are likely to be H-alpha emitters ( HAEs ) at z=2.23 . +0 In the first one the limit distribution is robustly reproduced up to a scaling , while in the second one the quantum features of the walk , exemplified by enhanced diffusion rate , are washed out and Gaussian asymptotics prevail . Driving the optical cavity by means of the coin-field interaction time and the initial quantum coin state , we determine two types of modification of the asymptotic behavior of the QRW . +0 A series of drainage and imbibition experiments are considered , in which we find that previously proposed approaches to remove electrode effects are unlikely to provide adequate corrections . We argue herein that this lack of agreement can largely be traced to electrode effects that have not been properly taken into account . +0 Analysis of seven spectra under different plasma conditions show clearly the presence of a quasi-universal power-law spectrum at MHD and ion scales . We confirm the presence of a curvature of the spectrum $ \sim \exp { \sqrt { k\rho_e } } $ over the broad frequency range $ \sim [ 10,100 ] $ Hz , indicating the presence of a dissipation . +0 The present calculations are carried out using an all order relativistic many-body theory considering only single and double excitations in the coupled-cluster ansatz . Inconsistencies in the experimental $ B $ values are observed in both the isotopes from different experiments performed using the same techniques . +1 Pandres has developed a theory in which the geometrical structure of a real four-dimensional space-time is expressed by a real orthonormal tetrad , and the group of diffeomorphisms is replaced by a larger group called the conservation group . This paper extends the geometrical foundation for Pandres ' theory by developing an appropriate covariant derivative which is covariant under all local Lorentz ( frame ) transformations , including complex Lorentz transformations , as well as conservative transformations . +0 We define the matrix extensions of standard constructions of differential geometry including connections and curvatures , and finally , an invariant functional of the new field that reduces to the standard Einstein action functional in the commutative ( diagonal ) case . Gravity is described in this approach not by one Riemannian metric ( i.e.a symmetric two-tensor field ) but by a multiplet of such fields , or by a matrix-valued symmetric two-tensor field that satisfies certain conditions . +1 We analyze the family of underlying markets from the perspective of large financial markets . More precisely , we show the existence of a strong asymptotic arbitrage ( SAA ) when the scaling factor converges to zero . +1 The discrete formulation of adiabatic quantum computing is compared with other search methods , classical and quantum , for random satisfiability ( SAT ) problems . With the number of steps growing only as the cube of the number of variables , the adiabatic method gives solution probabilities close to 1 for problem sizes feasible to evaluate via simulation on current computers . +1 As a pivot model , we assume that the spectrum of the primordial perturbations depends also on their directionality ( rather than just on the magnitude of their momentum , as in the standard case ) . We explicitly compute the correlation matrix for the temperature anisotropies in the simpler case in which there is a residual isotropy between two spatial directions . +0 Our results demonstrate that the twisting changes the electronic spectra of Bernal graphene bilayer and graphene trilayers dramatically . A tilt grain boundary of a top graphene sheet in graphene multilayers leads to a twist between consecutive layers and generates superstructures ( Moir\'e patterns ) on one side of the boundary . +1 In this paper , we investigate the noncommutative KKLMMT D3/anti-D3 brane inflation scenario in detail . Incorporation of the brane inflation scenario and the noncommutative inflation scenario can nicely explain the large negative running of the spectral index as indicated by WMAP three-year data and can significantly release the fine-tuning for the parameter $ \beta $ . +0 The ring structure for differential equivariant K-theory is developed explicitly . Following Hopkins and Singer , we give a definition for the differential equivariant K-theory of a smooth manifold acted upon by a finite group . +0 If there are , how can we achieve this goal ? Are there compelling scientific reasons to obtain more precise and more accurate measurements of H_0 than currently available ? +0 The characteristic changes are exhibited most strongly at an energy scale of around 12 meV ( 100 cm $ ^ { -1 } $ ) . We observe sharp changes in the low frequency mass and scattering rate below the upper ferromagnetic transition $ T_C = 53 K $ . +0 The level structure clearly displays `` inversion '' , i.e. , intruder states with mainly 2p2h configurations displacing the normal states to higher excitation energies . For the first time , the low-energy level structure of the N=19 , 30Na ( Tz = 4 ) , is obtained from beta-delayed gamma spectroscopy using fragment-beta-gamma-gamma coincidences . +0 The thermal conductivity of the considered S=1 model is found to be strongly influenced by the underlying effective description . The effectiveness of the mapping is explored , and we show that all considered quantities are in qualitative , and in some cases quantitative , agreement . +0 We apply the method to three classes of perturbative $ Z ' $ boson benchmark models : $ E_6 $ models , left-right symmetric models and sequential standard models . Using these results the approach then provides a safe , convenient and unbiased way of comparing experiment to theoretical models which avoids any built-in model dependent assumptions . +1 The introduction of a periodicity in the third direction ( perpendicular to the layer ) is completely artificial and may lead in some cases to spurious results and to difficulties in treating the action of external fields . In this paper we develop a new approach , which is `` native '' to quasi-2D materials , making use of basis function that are periodic in the plane , but atomic-like in the perpendicular direction . +1 and other heavy particle stars is predicted instead of the black holes . The lack of the cosmological singularity and a gravitational nature of the regularizations of loop divergencies in quantum field theory are also discussed . +1 In order to study the extent , origin and fate of the intergalactic molecular gas and its relation to the formation of stars outside galaxies and Tidal Dwarf Galaxies ( TDGs ) , we mapped with the IRAM 30m antenna carbon monoxide ( CO ) towards several regions of the IGM in SQ . In two star forming regions ( SQ A and B ) , situated in very different environments , we detected unusually large amounts of molecular gas ( $ 3.1 \times 10^9 $ \msun and $ 7 \times 10^8 $ \msun , respectively ) , covering an extended area ( between 15 and 25 kpc ) . +0 On the other hand , the fraction of major mergers in the Millennium Simulation is sufficient to account for the number counts of submillimeter galaxies ( SMGs ) , in support of observational evidence that these are major mergers . We find that even for halos not undergoing major mergers the mass accretion rates are plausibly sufficient to account for the high star formation rates observed in z~2 disks . +1 This finding is consistent with the general HI deficiency of satellite galaxies located within the Milky Way 's virial radius and supports the hypothesis that gas is being removed from satellites by tidal and ram-pressure forces during perigalactic passages . In addition , some of the objects may be embedded in , and interacting with , the extended neutral and ionised gas filaments of the Magellanic Stream . +1 For the innermost radius of this calorimeter , radiation doses at shower-max are expected to reach 100 MRad per year , primarily due to minimum-ionizing electrons and positrons that arise in the induced electromagnetic showers of e+e- `beamstrahlung ' pairs produced in the ILC beam-beam interaction . However , radiation damage to calorimeter sensors may be dominated by hadrons induced by nuclear interactions of shower photons , which are much more likely to contribute to the non-ionizing energy loss that has been observed to damage sensors exposed to hadronic radiation . +0 Hopf bimonoids are defined leading to a lifting of closed structures . Proving that certain hom-functors are monoidal , and so take monoids to monoids , unifies classical convolution in algebra and Day convolution for categories . +1 The drawdown and the drawup are the first hitting times of the drawdown and the drawup processes respectively . In particular , we derive a closed-form formula for the Laplace transform of the probability density of the drawdown of a units when it precedes the drawup of b units . +0 Contrast this with QCD where the spectral density of the current-current correlator approaches the zero temperature result like $ ( T/\omega ) ^4 $ . For large $ \omega $ , the spectral density oscillates around the zero-temperature result with an exponentially decreasing amplitude . +0 Here , we discuss how different computing technologies can contribute to providing the necessary self-organising features , including Multi-Agent Systems , Service-Oriented Architectures , and distributed evolutionary computing . However , the computing technologies that contribute to these properties have not been made explicit in digital ecosystems research . +1 In particular , we examine approximate methods and analyses of ( e , e ' ) reactions developed by Traini et al . using a high energy approximation of the distorted waves and phase shifts due to Lenz and Rosenfelder . +1 We introduce a new quantity , invulnerability I ( s ) , to describe the stability of the system . We find that both RG and SF networks can evolve to a stationary state . +0 Numerical results for the top -- anti-top+jet cross section and the forward -- backward charge asymmetry are presented . We discuss the production of top -- anti-top quark pairs in association with a hard jet at the Tevatron and at the LHC and we report on the calculation of the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to this process . +0 As a further study we construct vortex pair solutions as well . Moreover , strictly local minimum points of $ \frac { q^2 } { b } $ on the boundary can also give vortex solutions for the shallow water equation . +1 The typical column densities of the cores are $ N ( H_2 ) \sim 3.8 \times 10^ { 21 } $ cm $ ^ { -2 } $ and the typical volume densities are $ n ( H_2 ) \sim 2 \times 10^3 $ cm $ ^ { -3 } $ . They are therefore significantly less dense than many other samples obtained in other ways . +1 The real ( dissipative ) magnetoconductance changes sign as a function of frequency for low enough density of electrons . The signal observed at frequency below the mean level spacing corresponds to a negative magnetoconductance , which is opposite to the weak localization seen in connected systems , and becomes positive at higher frequency . +0 Positive and also negative refraction index materials are considered . We consider a wide range of possible values for the coupling parameter between different polarizations , *B* , as may happen in composite materials . +1 We show that under very simple and natural assumption it links the sfermion mass pattern to those of fermions in a remarkable way . All dangerous supersymmetric flavour-changing contributions are naturally suppressed in a general case , independently of the concrete texture for fermion mass matrices . +0 The asymptotic form of the metric near the initial singularity has a spatially varying Kasner form . The asymptotic behaviour of the solutions is investigated . +0 For example , security can be achieved if the adversary can store strictly less then half of the qubits transmitted during the protocol . Secure two-party cryptography is possible if the adversary 's quantum storage device suffers imperfections . +1 The study is based on jet-multiplicity related observables . The observables are obtained to high jet resolution scales with the JADE , Durham , Cambridge and cone jet finders , and compared with the predictions of various QCD and Monte Carlo models . +0 In particular , we discuss how the proton decay bound can be satisfied in Type I string theory . In this paper , we explore this phenomenological possibility within string theory . +1 Firstly , we show that in the initial state of the algorithm only the amplitude of the basis state corresponding to the solution affects the running time of the algorithm , while other amplitudes do not . Using this property , if we know a priori probability about the location of the solution before search , we can modify the adiabatic evolution to make the algorithm faster . +1 Evidence is given that some particles with large charges in gauge theories , including 4d N=4 SU ( 3 ) and 5d theories with N=1 supersymmetry , have macroscopic entropy . The ground state entropy is found to be extensive in the charges . +1 We consider the age of the records , i.e.the time up to which a record survives . Depending on how the age of the current last record is defined , we propose three distinct sequences of ages ( indexed by $ \alpha $ = I , II , III ) associated to a given sequence of records . +1 When the right and the left handed Weyl points are separated in energy , they give rise to a non-dissipative charge current along the direction of a uniform applied magnetic field , even in the absence of an external electric field . This effect is known as the chiral magnetic effect and is a hallmark of the underlying chiral anomaly of the Weyl fermions . +0 K-means clustering algorithm is traditional approach and iterative algorithm . Clustering analysis is one of the data mining applications and K-means clustering algorithm is the fundamental algorithm for modern clustering techniques . +0 These results suggest that microstructure elements have a considerable influence on the return generating process . Using daily price changes instead , we find evidence of a significant GARCH component . +1 I present an elementary primer of black hole physics , including its general relativity basis , all peppered with astrophysical illustrations . Following a brief review of the process stellar collapse to a black hole , I discuss the gravitational redshift , particle trajectories in gravitational fields , the Schwarzschild and Kerr solutions to Einstein 's equations , orbits in Schwarzschild and in Kerr geometry , and the dragging of inertial frames . +0 This model describes , in particular , a dynamics of a cold ion trapped in a linear ion trap and interacting with two lasers fields with close frequencies . Classical and quantum dynamics of a harmonic oscillator in a monochromatic wave is studied in the exact resonance and near resonance cases . +0 We also tentatively detected the rare isotopic species , H13CN , HC15N and H13CO+ in up to four galaxies ( IC 694 , NGC 3690 , NGC 4258 and NGC 6240 ) . Emission lines of HCO+ ( 1-0 ) , HCN ( 1-0 ) , and C2H ( 1-0 ) were simultaneously detected in most galaxies of our sample . +1 This effect manifests itself in classical theory as a trapping of trajectories and in quantum theory as a Gaussian shape of the localized wave functions . Analytic solutions of the Lorentz equation in the classical case and of the Schr\ '' odinger or Dirac equations in the quantum case are exhibited that give precise criteria for the localization of the orbits . +0 I show here how to compute one-loop corrections to these relations for any four-dimensional model based on a classical vacuum of the heterotic string . Like grand unification of old , string unification predicts simple tree-level relations between the couplings of all unbroken gauge groups such as $ SU ( 3 ) _C $ or $ SU ( 2 ) _W\ ) $ . +0 More specifically , we define a qubit encoding scheme that allows the formal protocol to produce more than one entangled qubit pair per coherent state , or equivalently for the realistic protocol , more than one secret key bit . Maximally-entangled qubit pairs that one can extract in the formal protocol correspond to secret key bits in the realistic protocol . +0 Using a comoving gauge code , we study the effect of metric evolution on the CMB through the integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect . Explicit expressions in the comoving , Newtonian and synchronous gauges facilitate the adaptation of Einstein-Boltzmann codes for solving CMB and matter perturbations in the linear regime . +1 The reduces the search time for adding new points . The algorithm belongs to the family of swept hull algorithms . +1 When the factors are polynomial in other commuting operators then we show that , in a suitable sense , generically factorisations algebraically yield decompositions . In the case of operators on a space over an algebraically closed field this boils down to elementary algebraic geometry arising from the polynomial formula for the orginal operator . +1 We develop efficient MCMC algorithms for learning NMDR models from partially observed node relationships . Retrospective MCMC methods allow our sampler to work directly with the infinite stick-breaking representation of the NMDR , avoiding the need for finite truncations . +0 For the general case , however , the problem has remained open until now . For some special cases , e.g. , for relay channels where the optimal PDF strategy reduces to DF or P2P transmission , it could be deduced that Gaussian inputs maximize the PDF rate . +1 Then we explicitly display the forms of the remaining terms in the EOS , commenting on the use of experiment and electronic structure theory to evaluate them . We also construct an EOS for Aluminum and compare the resulting Hugoniot with data up to 5 Mbar , both to illustrate our method and to see whether the approximation of neglecting anharmonicity et al . +0 One of the difficulties for nonlinear case , is its dependence on the exact solution which motivates us to give an important warning to whom want to solve DAEs using numerical methods such as Runge-Kutta , multistep or collocation methods . In this paper , we generalize the index notion for the nonlinear case . +0 We obtain new Dobinski-type formulas and solve the associated moment problem for several hierarchically defined combinatorial families of sequences . We present a number of examples of such composition satisfying properties ( a ) and ( b ) . +0 Part I primarily discusses the motivation , the definition , and the solution to the equivalence problem , and Part II will discuss integrability in detail . They directly generalize the GL ( 2 ) -structures that arise in the case of Hessian hyperbolic equations in three variables as well as several related geometries that appear in the literature on hydrodynamic integrability . +1 Reflective light concentrators with hexagonal entrance and exit apertures are frequently used at the focal plane of gamma-ray telescopes in order to reduce the size of the dead area caused by the geometries of the photodetectors , as well as to reduce the amount of stray light entering at large field angles . The focal plane of the large-sized telescopes ( LSTs ) of the Cherenkov Telescope Array ( CTA ) will also be covered by hexagonal light concentrators with an entrance diameter of 50 mm ( side to side ) to maximize the active area and the photon collection efficiency , enabling realization of a very low energy threshold of 20 GeV . +1 In this paper the shape of such droplets is investigated within the spherical model of a lattice gas . We show that in this case the droplet boundary is always diffusive , as opposed to sharp , and find the corresponding density profiles ( droplet shapes ) . +1 About 100 stars show an excess of mid-infrared light above that expected from their photospheric emission . This is plausibly due to dust formation in mass flowing from these stars . +0 We uncover a new transformation from the non-Fermi- to a standard Fermi-liquid state driven not by doping but by magnetic field in the overdoped high-T_c superconductor Tl_2Ba_2CuO_ { 6+x } . Whether the origin of the non-Fermi-liquid behavior is related to physics specific to the cuprates is a fundamental question still under debate . +1 The kinematical behavior is discussed in particular in relation to their metallicities . The majority of these sample stars have metal abundances of [ Fe/H ] & gt ; -1 and represent the thick disk population . +1 In this paper , we generalize the index notion for the nonlinear case . One of the difficulties for nonlinear case , is its dependence on the exact solution which motivates us to give an important warning to whom want to solve DAEs using numerical methods such as Runge-Kutta , multistep or collocation methods . +0 The function is also close to an exponential when beta is near unity , irrespective of alpha . For small values of alpha , the function is close to exponential for all times , irrespective of beta . +0 Gorms are functions on the superspace of maps from the odd plane to M and we study the action of Diff ( the odd plane ) on gorms ; it contains more than just degrees and differentials . From a more conceptual point of view , differential forms are functions on the superspace of maps from the odd line to M and the action of Diff ( the odd line ) on forms is equivalent to deRham differential and to degrees of forms . +1 However , a lot remains to be learned about the effect of varying glycerol concentration and temperature on the dynamics of water . We have studied the effect of concentration and temperature on the hydrogen bonded network formed by water molecules . +1 Accordingly , a multiple-bifurcation of the quantum groundstate fidelity is shown to occur as the transverse magnetic field varies from the symmetry phase to the broken-symmetry phase , which means that a multiple-bifurcation point corresponds to a critical point . A ( dis- ) continuous behavior of quantum fidelity at phase transition points characterizes a ( dis- ) continuous phase transition . +1 Here we present a population synthesis study of the cooling sequence of the globular cluster 47 Tucanae . In particular , we study the distribution of effective temperatures , the shape of the color-magnitude diagram , and the corresponding magnitude and color distributions . +1 Further understanding $ IC_\infty $ might have consequences for important direct-sum problems in communication complexity , as it lies between communication complexity and information complexity . We also show that applying both the above relaxations simultaneously to $ IC_\infty $ gives a complexity measure that is lower-bounded by the ( log of ) relaxed partition complexity , a complexity measure introduced by Kerenidis et al . ( FOCS 2012 ) . +0 To be M-polar means that E = { f = -\infty } where f is M-subharmonic on X and smooth outside of E. Many examples and generalizations are given . We also study the related question for F-harmonic functions ( solutions ) which are continuous across E. Main results assert that if there exists a convex cone subequation M such that F+M is contained in F , then any closed set E which is M-polar has these properties . +1 A proper 2-tone $ k $ -coloring of a graph is a labeling of the vertices with elements from $ \binom { [ k ] } { 2 } $ such that adjacent vertices receive disjoint labels and vertices distance 2 apart receive distinct labels . The 2-tone chromatic number of a graph $ G $ , denoted $ \tau_2 ( G ) $ is the smallest $ k $ such that $ G $ admits a proper 2-tone $ k $ coloring . +0 Information measures -- -specifically , divergences in the mutual information between a process ' past and future ( excess entropy ) and minimal predictive memory stored in a process ' causal states ( statistical complexity ) -- -provide a different way to identify long memory in processes with higher-order temporal correlations . However , most stochastic processes hide their memory in higher-order temporal correlations . +1 Comparisons with previous microscopic numerical calculations are made . Further experimental implications are given . +1 introduce a general framework to prove duality theorems between special decompositions and their dual combinatorial object . They thus unify all known ad-hoc proofs in one single theorem . +1 Despite the availability of large empirical data sets and the long history of traffic modeling , the theory of traffic congestion on freeways is still highly controversial . In this contribution , we compare Kerner 's three-phase traffic theory with the phase diagram approach for traffic models with a fundamental diagram . +0 We discuss the construction of our lattice theory , which allows us to study systems of up to ( but by no means limited to ) 38 fermions with high accuracy and modest computational resources , and offer an overview of several applications of the technique . Such systems may be achieved experimentally with trapped atoms , and provide a starting point for an effective field theory description of nuclear physics . +1 Within the provided approach radial ingoing or outgoing Minkowski particles do not exist . An application of this formalism to the Rindler metric recovers the well-known Unruh effect . +0 We identify 24 candidates at redshift z~8-9 ( 15 are robust and a further 9 more marginal but consistent with being high redshift ) over an area of ~50 square arcminutes . We search for galaxies which have large ( Y-J ) colours ( the `` Y-drops '' ) on account of the Lyman-alpha forest absorption , and with ( J-H ) colours inconsistent with being low-redshift contaminants . +1 A novel method is used to derive Casimir energy of a dilute dielectric ball without divergences in calculations . Physically realistic model of a dilute ball is discussed . +0 Given considerable uncertainty in those model parameters , the predicted inspiral rates for double compact objects relevant to gravitational-wave interferometric detectors have been shown to be are uncertain by several orders of magnitude . However , such calculations depend sensitively on a relatively large number of model input parameters . +1 We report a measurement of the ttbar production cross section using the CDF II detector at the Fermilab Tevatron . The data consist of events with an energetic electron or muon , missing transverse energy , and three or more hadronic jets , at least one of which is identified as a b-quark jet by reconstructing a secondary vertex . +0 We then analyze the instability of the antiferromagnetic system in two spatial dimensions by studying the non-perturbative behaviour of the Higgs boson self-energy using the Dyson -- Schwinger equations . We argue that the Goldstone $ \phi $ and Higgs $ h $ modes mix in antiferromagnetic systems , and this leads to an effective $ hh\phi $ three-point interaction . +0 This geometry has been used previously for perfect absorption , in so-called Salisbury screens , and for hybridization of localized plasmons with Fabry-Perot resonances . We consider the response of etalons created by a combination of a conventional mirror and a metasurface , composed of a periodic lattice of metal scatterers with a resonant response . +0 Such behavioral equivalences are cast in a hierarchy , which is helpful to verify behavioral equivalence of two agents . In this paper , we present an early transitional semantics of the $ \pi_N $ -calculus , which is not a directly translated version of the late semantics of $ \pi_N $ , and then extend six kinds of behavioral equivalences consisting of reduction bisimilarity , barbed bisimilarity , barbed equivalence , barbed congruence , bisimilarity , and full bisimilarity into the $ \pi_N $ -calculus . +1 The programmatic API , which provides the capability to use and augment Together 's internal functionality , is comprised of three major components - IDE , RWI and SCI . IDE is a read-only interface used to generate custom outputs based on the information contained in a Together model . +1 Freshly synthesized radioactive 26Al has to be included and well mixed within 20kyr . After discussing various scenarios including X-winds , AGB stars and Wolf-Rayet stars , we come to the conclusion that triggering the collapse of a cold cloud core by a nearby supernova is the most promising scenario . +0 Different entropy gradient is used when adopting the Schwarzschild method and the Ledoux method which are used to confine the convective boundary and to calculate the turbulent quantities : $ \frac { \partial \overline { s } } { \partial r } =-\frac { c_ { p } } { H_P } ( \nabla-\nabla_ { \rm ad } ) $ when the Schwarzschild method is adopted and $ \frac { \partial \overline { s } } { \partial r } =-\frac { c_ { p } } { H_P } ( \nabla-\nabla_ { \rm ad } -\nabla_ { \mu } ) $ when the Ledoux method is adopted . New methods are used to deal with semi-convection . +0 Interestingly , the final state is not characterized by the equality of the temperatures of the subsystems but by the cooling rates being the same . The transition is accurately described by a simple kinetic model that takes into account the velocity fluctuations of the piston . +1 We study the exact dynamics of a one-dimensional spin-polarized gas of fermions in a double-well potential at zero and finite temperature . Despite the system is made of non-interacting fermions , its dynamics can be quite complex , showing strongly aperiodic spatio-temporal patterns during the tunneling . +1 The distance from a given position toward one or more destinations , exits , and way points is a more or less important input variable in most models of pedestrian dynamics . Except for the special case when there are no obstacles in a concave scenario -- i.e.each position is visible from any other -- the calculation of these distances is a non-trivial task . +1 We study the phenomenon of real space condensation in the steady state of a class of mass transport models where the steady state factorises . The grand canonical ensemble may be used to derive the criterion for the occurrence of a condensation transition but does not shed light on the nature of the condensate . +1 We perform the Painlev\'e test and analyse the possibility of deriving the B\ '' acklund transformation from the singularity analysis of the complex Sine-Gordon equation . We make use of the analysis using the known relations for the Painlev\ ' { e } equations to construct explicit formulae in terms of the Umemura polynomials which are $ \tau $ -functions for rational solutions of the third Painlev\ ' { e } equation . +1 It is shown that the three-level system with degenerate ground states might have different behaviors depending on the details of the interaction with the heat bath when the temperature approaches zero . If we introduce an external field to break the degeneracy of the ground states and let it approach zero after letting the temperature approach zero , then two possibilities will arise : the steady state is a definite one of the degenerate states independent of the initial state , or the steady state is dependent on the initial state in a complicated way . +1 In this paper we study the restriction of irreducible representations of $ G $ on $ E $ -vector spaces to $ P $ , where $ E $ is an algebraically closed field of characteristic $ p $ . We show that in a certain sense $ P $ controls the representation theory of $ G $ . +1 It was previously shown that magnetic sources were responsible for the quantization of several mass-splittings in Mac Gregor 's model . The existence of a 70-MeV quantum was postulated by Mac Gregor and was shown to fit the Nambu empirical mass formula mn = ( n/2 ) 137me , n a positive integer . +0 We present new VLT Interferometer AMBER data which are combined with all other AMBER data in the literature . The star has an ionised wind and using the Br gamma hydrogen recombination emission we assess the mass-loss on spatial scales of order 1 au . +0 `` , termed wildcards or do n't cares , which can be mapped to an arbitrary substring of the text . Here , one is allowed to replace some of the pattern letters with some special symbols `` ? +0 This invariance constraint applies to the entire spectrum of states , from the vacuum to the excited states ( should they exist ) , and is in that sense much stronger than the usual Poincare invariance requirement of the Minkowski vacuum alone . We furthermore show that quantum anomalies do not block the invariance requirement . +1 The method is shown to be an absolutely stable HDG method for the indefinite time-harmonic Maxwell equations with high wave number . By exploiting the duality argument , the dependence of convergence of the HDG method on the wave number k , the mesh size h and the polynomial order p is obtained . +0 In particular , the chemical code follows a gas parcel as it falls toward the center , passing through regimes of density , dust temperature , and gas temperature that are changing both because of the motion of the parcel and the evolving luminosity of the central source . We follow the evolution of chemistry and molecular line profiles through the entire star formation process , including a self-consistent treatment of dynamics , dust continuum radiative transfer , gas energetics , chemistry , molecular excitation , and line radiative transfer . +0 The fixed point connects with the perturbative infrared domain through finite renormalisation group trajectories . We find a non-trivial ultraviolet fixed point in the Einstein-Hilbert action . +0 To this end , two new statistics are proposed to test for the distribution of the long-memory noises of stochastic regression models and unstable autoregressive models . 24 ( 1996 ) 992-1024 ] does not hold when the stochastic regression model includes an unknown intercept or when the characteristic polynomial of the unstable autoregressive model has a unit root . +1 We also consider Monte Carlo simulations for a vortex model with a screened interaction . Critical exponents are determined from scaling analysis of Monte Carlo data for current-voltage characteristics and other quantities . +1 We divided the sample in several mass-redshift bins to obtain stacked galaxy spectra with an improved S/N . We exploited emission-line diagnostic diagrams to separate AGN from star-forming galaxies . +0 Artificial agent-based simulations of this model highlight a `` good get richer '' mechanism where users with broad interests and good judgments are likely to become popular leaders for the others . To reproduce this feature , we propose an adaptive network model driven by social recommending . +1 The discovery of a new neutral gauge boson , $ Z ' $ , could provide the first concrete evidence of physics beyond the standard model . We explore how nuclear weak charge measurements in atomic parity violation ( APV ) experiments can be used to constrain $ Z ' $ bosons . +0 Some roots of the polynomial connected with the power series are studied . One more power series related to the Riemann Xi function and the Riemann hypothesis is considered . +0 At late phases , we see a near infrared excess in flux which is possibly associated with dust formation , although without any signs of accompanying line shifts . The spectroscopic time series for SN 2012ca is essentially unchanged over 1.5 years , and appear to be dominated at all epochs by signatures of interaction with a dense circumstellar medium rather than the underlying supernova ( SN ) . +1 It is also seen that such backgrounds are able to yield state oscillations even in the absence of the electromagnetic field . The foreseen effects are used to establish upper bounds on the Lorentz-violating coefficients . +1 Our argument can be extended to prove a lower bound of Omega ( \sqrt { nD } ) rounds for broadcasting in radio networks of radius D. This resolves one of the open problems posed in [ 29 ] , where in the authors proved a lower bound of $ \Omega ( n^ { 1/4 } ) rounds for broadcasting in constant diameter networks . We prove the new lower $ \Omega ( \sqrt { n } ) $ bound for a special family of radius 2 networks . +0 We also predict that unusual vortex patterns like those observed in $ MgB_2 $ ( V. Moshchalkov et al , Phys.Rev . We find that there can exist thermodynamically stable composite vortex in a type-1+type-2 or type-2+type-2 material . +1 The dynamical degrees of a rational map $ f : X\dashrightarrow X $ are fundamental invariants describing the rate of growth of the action of iterates of $ f $ on the cohomology of $ X $ . When $ f $ has nonempty indeterminacy set , these quantities can be very difficult to determine . +1 Conformally invariant sigma models in $ D=2n $ dimensions with target non-compact SO ( 2n,1 ) groups are reviewed . Despite the non-compact nature of the SO ( 2n,1 ) , the classical action and Hamiltonian are positive definite . +1 However , they will prove to be a powerful tool for explicit calculations and proofs of finite dimensionality results . We develop a structure theory for certain graphs $ G_x $ of unramified Hecke operators , which is of a similar vein to Serre 's theory of quotients of Bruhat Tits trees . +1 Identification of neurons within such Nissl-stained sections is inherently difficult due to the variability in neuron staining , the overlap of neurons , the presence of partial or damaged neurons at tissue surfaces , and the presence of non-neuron objects , such as glial cells , blood vessels , and random artifacts . To overcome these challenges and identify neurons , ANRA applies a combination of image segmentation and machine learning . +0 We find that Ti and V substitutions in Mn $ _ { 13 } $ cluster are the most promising in terms of gaining substantial binding energy as well as achieving higher magnetic moment through ferromagnetic alignment of atom-centered magnetic moments . With a goal to produce giant magnetic moment in Mn $ _ { 13 } $ cluster which will be useful for practical applications , we have considered the structure and magnetic properties of pure Mn $ _ { 13 } $ cluster and substitutionally doped it with X = Ti , V , Cr , Fe , Co , Ni atom to produce Mn $ _ { 12 } $ X clusters . +1 We assume that there exists a unique alpha satisfying f ( alpha ) =0 . When f ' ( alpha ) =0 and A is non derogatory , we solve completely the equation XA-AX=f ( X ) . +1 The stable right-handed neutrino communicates with the Standard Model via s-channel exchange of the Higgs field and the U ( 1 ) ' gauge boson , so that the observed relic density for dark matter is obtained in a wide range of the parameter space . The experimental signatures in collider and other experiments are briefly discussed . +1 Estimates of their star formation rates ( SFRs ) based on SED-fitting agree within uncertainties with the Halpha luminosity inferred SFRs . The HII region luminosity functions have standard slopes at the luminous end . +0 The BzK colours of the emitters suggest that at least 80 % of our sample are likely to be H-alpha emitters ( HAEs ) at z=2.23 . degrees ( 2.1 x 10^5 comoving Mpc at z=2.23 ) in these fields . +0 For the transversely polarized deuterons the FSI induced forward-backward asymmetry of the missing momentum distribution is shown to have a node at precisely the same value of $ p_m $ as the PWIA missing momentum distribution . We find that to a large extent FSI masks the sensitivity of the tensor analyzing power to models of the deuteron wave function . +0 As a simple model we focus on null dust collapse in an asymptotically AdS spacetime , modeled by the Vaidya-AdS geometry . To explore its properties further we examine its behaviour in time-dependent situations . +0 Here we show that this interpretation is not correct even loosely speaking . A common and intuitive interpretation of this result is that the spontaneous emission rate is proportional to the probability that the electron and the hole are located at the same point or region in space , i.e.they must coincide spatially to recombine . +1 In particular , we observed that the indirect proof was not applied correctly . These authors confuse between statements of propositional logic . +0 A simple numerical approach to describe the functioning of pixelated detectors is presented in this paper . Monte Carlo simulations are powerful tools for understanding the effects of radiation interactions within detector devices allowing not only to evaluate typical estimates for experimental measurements and to serve as means for designing experiments but to provide additional information that are usually not easily accessible experimentally . +0 The variation of scaled rapidity gap ( rap gap ) probability with single moment combination has been studied . The article focuses on study of clan model parameters and their target dependence in light of void probability scaling for heavy ( Ag and Br ) and light ( C , N and O ) groups of targets present in nuclear emulsion detector using 84 Kr 36 at around 1 A GeV . +1 We extend to the non-local case the general analysis of the modular structure . The local algebras turn out to be $ III_1 $ -factors associated with free groups . +0 The dynamics of the two-component Fermi superfluid is described by a density-functional equation including beyond-mean-field terms with correct weak-coupling and unitarity limits . The Bose dynamics is described by a Gross-Pitaevskii-type equation including beyond-mean-field corrections possessing the correct weak-coupling and unitarity limits . +1 Some well-known statements , such as the Gell-Mann-Oakes-Renner relation , descend directly from the Ward identities and have thus a general relevance . Such Ward identities are recovered in gauge/gravity dual setups through holographic renormalization . +1 Accordingly , we compute the coefficient function for the production of a Higgs boson from two off-shell gluons , and the impact factors for the production of a Higgs boson in association with a gluon or a quark jet . We include the full top quark mass dependence and compare this with the result obtained in the large top-mass limit . +0 Starting from a repulsive Fermi-Hubbard system near half filling , we generate additional doubly occupied sites ( doublons ) by lattice modulation . We investigate the decay of highly excited states of ultracold fermions in a three-dimensional optical lattice . +1 Using the numerically exact density matrix renormalization group method , we find that these interacting phases -- previously studied only in the nearest-neighbor case -- survive in the presence of long-range dipolar interactions . We also show how to use our approach to realize the bilinear-biquadratic spin-1 and the Kitaev honeycomb models . +0 A phenomenological approach is adopted to describe the turbulence , in which not only the effective surface density but the velocity dispersion of the gaseous component are both scale-dependent as power-law functions of the wavenumber of the perturbations . Gravitational stability of a disc consisting of the gaseous and the stellar components are studied in the linear regime when the gaseous component is turbulent . +0 By explicitly finding the spectrum of scalar masses , we show that the nonsupersymmetric D7 - anti-D7 embedding is stable with respect to such fluctuations . The scalar mesons arise from fluctuations of the probe techniflavour branes and complement the ( axial- ) vector meson spectra that we investigated in earlier work . +0 Our experiment demonstrates the first realization of weak-value amplification in the azimuthal degree of freedom . This is done by an amplification of both the real and imaginary parts of the weak-value of a polarization operator that has been coupled to the pointer , which is a spatial mode , via a spin-orbit coupling . +1 A simple interlayer pair tunneling is solved exactly . We find that in the normal state spin-1/2 particle and hole excitations are gapped . +1 This structure emerges from spatial correlations of dynamics that appear in disordered systems as they approach non-ergodic or jammed states . It is characterized in terms of dynamical heterogeneity , facilitation and excitation lines . +1 The typical Doppler parameters found for the Ly-alpha lines lie in the interval b=20\div30 km/s , corresponding to temperatures T & gt ; 24000K , with a fraction of the order 15 % in the range 10 & lt ; b & lt ; 20km/s . These values are still consistent with models of low density , highly ionized clouds . +0 The mean resolution in all non-trivial moments was found to be smaller than 5 % but their direct use as estimates for the three-dimensional photoconversion position turned out to be unsuitable . The method has been tested with a detector made of a continuous LSO-scintillator of dimensions 42x42x10 cubic mm and optically coupled to the compact large area position sensitive photomultiplier H8500 from Hamamatsu . +0 The equations of deformations which are obtained in this paper reduce to the nonlinear boundary-value problem . The continuous G-deformations preserving the product of principal curvatures of surface with boundary are considered in this article . +1 Albeit in many realistic scenarios the quantum system can simultaneously interact with composite environments , this condition remains little understood , particularly regarding the effect of the coupling between environmental parts . We analyze the non-Markovian behavior of a qubit interacting at the same time with two coupled single-mode cavities which in turn dissipate into memoryless or memory-keeping reservoirs . +0 We present a related analysis which guarantees a mean square convergence using a coherence parameter of the sampled PC basis that may be both analytically bounded and computationally estimated . It is known that bounding the spectral radius of a random matrix consisting of PC samples , yields a bound on the number of samples necessary to identify coefficients in the PC expansion via solution to a least-squares regression problem . +1 Two systems with one transiting `` hot Jupiter '' each , TrES-2 and XO-5 , exhibit small excesses both at 12 and 22 microns at a & gt ; 3 sigma level . Provided that one or both of these detections are real , the frequency of warm excesses in systems with transiting planets of 2-4 % is comparable to that around solar-type stars probed at similar wavelengths with Spitzer 's MIPS and IRS instruments . +1 Outside this range the errors grow rapidly making the inference difficult even at very large numbers of events ( N\approx 10000 ) . On the other hand , the average mass of the MHOs will be determined to better than about 30 % accuracy from N\approx 100 events for any slope . +0 One , as-yet , unexplored re-circulating accelerator , the Fixed-field Alternating Gradient , or FFAG , is an attractive alternative to the cyclotron . These high-intensity GeV-range proton drivers are particularly challenging , encountering duty cycle and space-charge limits in the synchrotron and machine size concerns in the weaker-focusing cyclotrons ; a 10-20 MW proton driver is not presently considered technically achievable with conventional re-circulating accelerators . +0 Interestingly , an almost scale-invariant power spectrum predicted in the modulated reheating mechanism gives a better fit to the observation in the presence of the extra radiation . We find that the light modulus is generically produced by the inflaton decay and therefore a prime candidate for the dark radiation . +0 Also the latter domains need to be able to soundly demonstrate their level of performance and claim or legitimate funding accordingly . Consequently , differences in coverage by standard bibliometric databases installed a dichotomy between on the one hand the well covered 'exact ' sciences , and on the other hand most of the social sciences and humanities with a more limited coverage ( Nederhof , 2006 ) . +0 We first derive an explicit iterative algorithm to estimate the maximum number of available codes given the code length of signal-time coding , and then present an iterative construction method of codebooks . In this paper , we mainly focus on the efficient signal-time coding design . +1 The longitudinal degrees of freedom are described by an abstract Verma module . The central charge of this module is restricted by the requirement of the closure of the nonlinear realization of the Poincare algebra . +1 The attractor dimension at the transition to complete synchronization in a network of chaotic units with time-delayed couplings is investigated . In particular , we determine the Kaplan-Yorke dimension from the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents for iterated maps and for two coupled semiconductor lasers . +1 Our investigation of the prism-nacre interface reveals nanoscale details governing the onset of nacre formation using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy . A wedge polishing technique provides unprecedented , large-area specimens required to span the entire interface . +0 Performance of the new method for ligand prediction is compared to those of other available measures and to docking programs . Pockets are aligned in 3D space with further use of convolution kernels between clouds of points . +1 Also , 10-fold cross-validation and sets of performance metrics were used to evaluate the baseline predictive performance of the classifiers . The comparative analysis shows that the Naive Bayes performed best with accuracy of 97.4 % , Multilayer Perceptron came out second with accuracy of 96.6 % , and J48 came out the worst with accuracy of 93.5 % . +0 We thus present a technique to declaratively model set constraint problems and to encode them automatically into SAT instances . On the other hand , propositional satisfiability problem ( SAT ) solvers can handle huge SAT instances . +0 We give spectral and LePage representations for general strictly stable random measures without assuming their independent scattering . It is shown that these processes are exactly Cox ( doubly stochastic Poisson ) processes with strictly stable random intensity measures . +1 We call a graph $ H $ $ k $ -good if the $ k $ -tuple $ ( H , H , \dots , H ) $ is good , and $ H $ is good if it is $ k $ -good for every $ k $ . Bialostocki and Gy\'arf\'as proved that matchings are good and asked whether every acyclic $ H $ is good . +1 In this paper , both structural and dynamical stabilities of steady transonic shock solutions for one-dimensional Euler-Poission system are investigated . First , a steady transonic shock solution with supersonic backgroumd charge is shown to be structurally stable with respect to small perturbations of the background charge , provided that the electric field is positive at the shock location . +0 A smooth simultaneous confidence band ( SCB ) is then constructed based on the proposed smooth distribution estimator and Kolmogorov distribution . 25 ( 2013 ) 395-407 ] , the proposed estimator is also asymptotically indistinguishable from the empirical distribution function based on the unobserved errors . +1 We present the 'standard ' such structures , the exponential fibrations of basic fibrations and three areas of applications . First area is related to the T-categories of A. Burroni . +1 But the question is still open , the debate is still alive , as was shown by the participants in the present Workshop . There is no smoke without fire , and the existence of many facts and theories on alternative origins of redshifts may point to some new pathways in physics that deserve further attention . +1 In this paper we wish to carry out the analytical expression which allows us to describe the super sonic nonlinear interstellar gas flow in rapidly rotating galaxy disk which is made by the spiral density wave . One of characteristic parameters of theory is the amplitude of spiral density wave potential corresponding to separatrix , which separates super sonic flows from flows containing the jump from super sonic flows to subsonic . +0 We identify a dense G-delta subset of B ( X ) on which the action of G is Borel-amenable , and describe the relation of these two spaces to the Roller boundary . Furthermore , for any generating probability measure on G , B ( X ) admits a unique stationary measure , and when the measure has finite logarithmic moment , it constitutes a compact metric model of the Poisson boundary . +1 It is applied to the evaluation of the free energy of QCD at order g^5 and the calculation of the g^6 term is outlined . Implications for the application of perturbative QCD to the quark-gluon plasma are also discussed . +1 The amplitude of oscillations is strongly enhanced in some `` magic '' magnetic fields . The wire cross-section S can be measured along with the Fermi surface cross-section , S_F . +1 Einstein A-coefficients are provided for all E1 , E2 , M1 and M2 transitions , while lifetimes are compared with available measurements as well as theoretical results , and no large discrepancies noted . Our energy levels are assessed to be accurate to better than 1\ % for a majority of levels , and A-values to better than 20\ % for most transitions . +0 Relatively small gaps and low transition temperatures of conventional s-wave superconductors put the hard constraints on these experiments . Proximity-induced superconductivity in a 3D topological insulator represents a new avenue for observing zero-energy Majorana fermions inside vortex cores . +1 By using an improved `method of variation of constants ' , we show how to combine these three time scales , without making the usual approximation of treating the radiative time scale as an adiabatic process . We explicitly implement our method at the 2.5PN post-Newtonian accuracy . +0 We find a large class of such maps ; they are rational of degree at most 4 . These are the maps whose restriction to any triple of distinct points in $ \mathbb { D } $ yields interpolation data that are only just solvable . +0 Firstly , we show that , for arbitrary $ 0 & lt ; R & lt ; 1 $ and $ \epsilon & gt ; 0 $ ( $ \epsilon $ and $ R $ are independent ) , if $ 0 & lt ; \frac { n } { m } \leq \epsilon $ , then with high probability a random rank metric code in $ F_ { q } ^ { m\times n } $ of rate $ R $ can be list-decoded up to a fraction $ ( 1-R-\epsilon ) $ of rank errors with constant list size $ L $ satisfying $ L\leq O ( 1/\epsilon ) $ . In the present paper , we consider list decoding for both random rank metric codes and random linear rank metric codes . +1 A $ 4.3\sigma $ excess over background was observed between 10 and 20 minutes following the onset of a GRB on 11 May 1991 . The confidence level that this is due to a real effect and not a background fluctuation is 99.8\ % . +1 Then we consider the Prym map and analyze it using tautological classes . We study the locus of curves with an etale double cover of p-rank 0 in some detail . +1 We investigate quantitatively how the peak emission frequency of the overall energy spectrum is at work in distinguishing RBL-like and XBL-like objects . We employ the sample of Giommi et al . +0 The structure of the tensor of coupling constants is similar to the structure of the tensor of elastic stiffness constants , in the sense that they are determined by the same symmetry transformations . We apply a model in which the two-level system , characterized by a direction in space , is coupled to the strain field of the phonon via a tensor of coupling constants . +0 It is shown that the sign of the detuning plays an important role and that there is a strong suppression of the Mott transition in the case of blue detuning . The phase diagram of the system and the critical values of the parameters are worked out . +0 In particular , we derive a non-parametric conjugate prior distribution over the policy space that encapsulates the agent 's whole relevant history and we present a Gibbs sampler to draw random policies from this distribution . Here , the Bayesian control rule is applied to derive BCR-MDP , a controller to solve undiscounted Markov decision processes with finite state and action spaces and unknown dynamics . +1 The normalized factorial moments $ F_q $ are continued to noninteger values of the order $ q $ , satisfying the condition that the statistical fluctuations remain filtered out . That is , for Poisson distribution $ F_q = 1 $ for all $ q $ . +0 For the MRI to operate the ionization degree must be sufficiently high and the magnetic pressure must be sufficiently lower than the gas pressure . We examine whether the magnetorotational instability ( MRI ) can serve as a mechanism of angular momentum transport in circumplanetary disks . +0 The method takes into account the relevance of the items and the students answers to follow different paths to improve the accuracy of the assessment process . In this work , we show a methodology aimed to improve the quality of the assessment process for subjects related to basic programming . +1 A maximum likelihood source detection was performed in the 0.5-2 keV , 2-4.5 keV and 4.5-10 keV energy bands and 1390 point-like sources were detected in at least one band . Detailed Monte Carlo simulations were performed to fully test the source detection method and to derive the sky coverage to be used in the computation of the logN-logS relations . +1 In this situation , the standard slow-roll approach used to determine the behavior of the primordial cosmological perturbations can not longer be used . We present a generic method , based on the uniform approximation , to analytically derive the primordial power spectra of scalar and tensor perturbations . +0 A metric generator of minimum cardinality is called a $ k $ -metric basis and its cardinality the $ k $ -metric dimension of $ G $ . Given a connected graph $ G= ( V , E ) $ , a set $ S\subseteq V $ is said to be a $ k $ -metric generator for $ G $ if the elements of any pair of different vertices of $ G $ are distinguished by at least $ k $ elements of $ S $ , i.e. , for any two different vertices $ u , v\in V $ , there exist at least $ k $ vertices $ w_1 , w_2 , ... , w_k\in S $ such that $ d_G ( u , w_i ) \ne d_G ( v , w_i ) $ for every $ i\in \ { 1 , ... , k\ } $ . +0 In this paper we demonstrate that the method is sensitive to a region of oscillation parameter space that explains all the features of atmospheric neutrino data in the Super-Kamiokande detector ; the limiting factor being the statistical strength of the KGF observations . It mainly depends on the observations and it is free of uncertainties in neutrino flux , interaction cross section etc . +0 Eulerian and Lagrangian coherent structures are detected by computing the Q-criterion and the finite-time Lyapunov exponents of the velocity field , respectively . We study coherent structures in solar photospheric flows in a plage in the vicinity of the active region AR 10930 using the horizontal velocity data derived from Hinode/SOT magnetograms . +1 We calculate this soft function at the next-to-leading order , and perform the resummation at the next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy . We compare our results with parton shower programs and with the experimental data at the Tevatron and the LHC . +1 Electromagnetic counterparts may be crucial for a confident gravitational-wave detection as well as for extraction of astronomical information . Yet BHNS star pairs are notoriously dark and so inaccessible to telescopes . +0 Denote by Aut ( X ) the group of algebraic automorphisms of X into itself . Let X be a singular real rational surface obtained from a smooth real rational surface by performing weighted blow-ups . +0 However , the maxima in the amplitudes are not related to the underlying flux in the burst . We find that the oscillations are as large as 15 % during the declines of the bursts , and they appear and disappear due to intrinsic variations in their fractional amplitudes . +0 The UV broad emission-line variability lags that of the UV continuum by 35-70 days for Ly-alpha and CIV 1549 ; values larger than those found for Seyfert 1 galaxies of comparable UV luminosity . Unlike previously monitored Seyfert 1 galaxies , in which the X-ray continuum generally varies with a larger amplitude than the UV , in 3C 390.3 the UV continuum light-curve is similar in both amplitude and shape to the X-ray light-curve observed by ROSAT . +0 The evolution of the electronic structure was monitored by soft x-ray Fe and oxygen K-edge spectroscopy . The compound for x = 0.5 is identified as the one with the highest conductivity ( { \sigma } ~ 678 S/cm ) and lowest activation energy for polaron conductivity ( Ep = 39 meV ) . +0 This measurement is motivated by the results of the Brookhaven E821 experiment that were first released more than a decade ago , which reached a precision of 540 ppb . A new experiment at Fermilab will measure the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon with a precision of 140 parts per billion ( ppb ) . +0 The amplitudes we study involve tree-level virtual gravitational exchange , divergent in a field-theoretical treatment , and massive gravitons emission , which are the main signatures of this class of models . We consider , in a string theory framework , physical processes of phenomenological interest in models with a low string scale . +0 We estimate the efficiency of detecting signals for events induced by planetary systems as a function of planet/star mass ratio and separation , source type and background M31 surface brightness . Here we investigate the feasibility of using such a survey to detect planets in M31 . +1 Gravity is described in this approach not by one Riemannian metric ( i.e.a symmetric two-tensor field ) but by a multiplet of such fields , or by a matrix-valued symmetric two-tensor field that satisfies certain conditions . We define the matrix extensions of standard constructions of differential geometry including connections and curvatures , and finally , an invariant functional of the new field that reduces to the standard Einstein action functional in the commutative ( diagonal ) case . +1 By introducing a certain positive harmonic function $ h $ in $ U $ , related to harmonic measure , we are able to give the first detailed description of this dynamical behaviour . Using this new technique , we show that , for sufficiently large $ n $ , the image domains $ U_n=f^n ( U ) $ contain large annuli , $ C_n $ , and that the union of these annuli acts as an absorbing set for the iterates of $ f $ in $ U $ . +0 We find significant contribution from gluon radiation to heavy quark energy loss at high $ p_T $ ; the recombination mechanism can greatly enhance D meson production at medium $ p_T $ . The subsequent hadronization process for heavy quarks is calculated with a fragmentation plus recombination model . +0 In the proposed rearrangement , the standard spectroscopic and interferometric experiments are inverted . The discussed systems include a collection of two-level atoms , a two-mode quantized radiation field with a fixed total number of photons , and a single laser-cooled ion in a two-dimensional harmonic trap with a fixed total number of vibrational quanta . +0 This is made possible by the formalism of Pleba\'nski based on the Darboux theorem . For a rotating dust with a 3-dimensional symmetry group all possible metric forms can be classified and , within each class , explicitly written out . +1 124 , 549 ( 2006 ) ] and extend our results to a different heating mechanism , namely a deterministic non-linear friction force . We derive analytically the high energy tail of the velocity distribution and compare the theoretical predictions with high precision numerical simulations . +0 This review summarizes the major nucleosynthesis results obtained with INTEGRAL so far . In particular , the imaging Ge spectrometer SPI combines for the first time the diagnostic powers of high resolution gamma-ray line spectroscopy and moderate spatial resolution . +0 Moreover , we establish a one-to-one correspondence between the collection of minimal associated primes of the latter ideal and the unique minimal collection of semidegrees needed to define the corresponding degree like function . We characterize the latter type completions as the ones for which the ideal of the 'hypersurface at infinity ' is radical . +1 Probabilistic interconvertability is used to define an equivalence relation between gates . We show that this relation induces a finite number of classes , that we identify . +0 Further , application of existing anonymization schemes on enterprise data could lead to adversarial attacks in which an intruder could use information fusion techniques to inflict a privacy breach . However , existing work on this problem make inherent assumptions about the data that are impractical in day-to-day enterprise data management scenarios . +1 Suppose the parameter of interest is theta = a^T beta , where a is specified . Define the s-dimensional parameter vector tau = C^T beta - t , where C and t are specified . +0 Our experiments also confirm that the network of different perspective co-occurrences exhibits the small-world property with high clustering of different perspectives . We show that all these datasets exhibit diversity of perspective , a property seen in other collective systems and a criterion in wise crowds . +0 The experiment , housed on board the Russian Resurs-DK1 satellite , was launched on June , 15 2006 in a $ 350\times 600 km $ orbit with an inclination of 70 degrees . Main objective is the study of the antimatter component : antiprotons ( 80 MeV-190 GeV ) , positrons ( 50 MeV-270 GeV ) and search for antimatter with a precision of the order of $ 10^ { -8 } $ ) . +1 So one has to apply new physics to describe such systems with taking into account their complex nature . For example , last two years the attempts to develop the fractionalized two-fluid hydrodynamics for nanoporous media with fractal dimensions have been made . +1 Combining these with previous data in the literature , we increase the number of M33 star clusters found in the HST images to 242 . We have derived BVI integrated photometry of these star clusters from the CCD images taken with CFH12k mosaic camera at CFHT . +1 Using a sample of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey ( SDSS ) Data Release 4 , we study the trends relating surface brightness profile type and apparent axis ratio to the local galaxy environment . We use the SDSS parameter `fracDeV ' to quantify the profile type . +0 This condition , uniformly separated in modulus , allows the set where the distortion is large to accumulate densely on the boundary but does not allow a component to run out to the boundary . This result holds more generally . +1 Moreover , in the case of quartz GeO $ _2 $ and cristobalite GeO $ _2 $ , all O-Ge-O bond angles vary when the volume of the GeO $ _2 $ bulk changes from the equilibrium point , which causes further deformation of tetrahedra . In contrast , the tilt angle formed by Si-O-Si in SiO $ _2 $ markedly changes . +0 We find qualitatively different behaviours for transitions in which the final isospin differs from the initial isospin versus cases where the two isospins are the same . We study the response of isovector orbital magnetic dipole ( IOMD ) transitions to the quadrupole-quadrupole ( $ Q \cdot Q $ ) interaction , to the isospin-conserving pairing interaction ( ICP ) and to combinations of both . +0 I will discuss the relevance of this observation to the practical estimation of dimension from a time series , and in particular I will argue that a good dimension algorithm need not be trapped by this anomalous fractal scaling . Osborne and A.~Provenzale , { \sl Physica D } { \bf 35 } , 357 ( 1989 ) . ] +0 The sample can be split into two categories based on spectral morphology : one group includes all of the B [ e ] SGs , the Peculiar Oe star , and two of the LBVs , while the other includes the YHGs and the rest of the LBVs . Here we present a survey of 25 such evolved massive stars ( 16 B [ e ] SGs , 6 LBVs , 2 YHGs , and 1 Peculiar Oe star ) , observed in the K-band with the Spectrograph for INtegral Field Observation in the Near-Infrared ( SINFONI ; R = 4500 ) on the ESO VLT UT4 8 m telescope . +0 A comparison of the color-magnitude diagrams ( CMDs ) as a function of galactocentric distance shows a clear gradient in the age of its population , the scale length increasing with age , while we find no evidence of a metallicity gradient from the width of the RGB . The significant number of red giant branch ( RGB ) stars present in the outer part of our images ( r & gt ; 16.5 ' ) indicates that the galaxy is actually more extended than previously estimated . +1 The primary motivations for DOSNs are privacy and autonomy from big brotherly service providers . The promise of decentralization is complete freedom for end-users from any service providers both in terms of keeping privacy about content and communication , and also from any form of censorship . +0 In the situation where T_ { X } is unimodular , Kondo has determined the list of t ( X ) , as well as the actual realizations , and showed that t ( X ) alone uniquely determines the isomorphism class of X ( with phi ( h ( X ) ) = t ( X ) ) . Consider the extremal case where phi ( h ( X ) ) = t ( X ) . +0 A hybrid magnetic resonance mode due to plasmon-phonon coupling is also discussed . The physical mechanism is elucidated with the aid of electromagnetic field distribution at the resonance wavelengths . +1 to allow different weighting of the event counts registered within the smoothing region . For each individual pixel the algorithm increases the smoothing scale until the signal-to-noise ratio ( s.n.r . ) +1 By removing the wires , car manufacturers can reduce the weight of a vehicle and improve engine performance , fuel economy , and reliability . In addition to these direct benefits , an IVWSN is a versatile platform that can support other vehicular applications as well . +0 Deformations of primary cells by exchange of empty set cells allow a cell to be mapped into an image cell in the next section as far as mapped cells remain homeomorphic . Discrete properties of the lattice allow the prediction of scales at which microscopic to cosmic structures should occur . +1 No starless cores are detected . We use the flux densities measured from these data to improve constraints on the correlations between radio luminosity and bolometric luminosity , infrared luminosity and , where measured , outflow force . +1 Let $ \A $ be an affine line arrangement in $ \C^2 , $ with complement $ \M ( \A ) . $ The twisted ( co ) homology of $ \M ( \A ) $ is an interesting object which has been considered by many authors , strictly related to the ( co ) homology of the Milnor fibre associated to the conified arrangement . In this paper we give a vanishing conjecture of such homology of a different nature with respect to the known results : namely , we conjecture that if the graph of double points of the arrangement is connected then there is no nontrivial monodromy . +1 Connections to renormalization theory in perturbative quantum field theory have been established in recent years . The algebraic structure of classical Runge-Kutta methods is described by the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra . +0 The resulting definition of 'BV solutions ' involves , in a nontrivial way , both the rate-independent and the viscous dissipation potential , which play a crucial role in the description of the associated jump trajectories . For the finite-dimensional case we study the vanishing-viscosity limit of doubly nonlinear equations given in terms of a differentiable energy functional and a dissipation potential which is a viscous regularization of a given rate-independent dissipation potential . +0 We show that in the case of a micro-disk , the spin object is localized in all three directions and therefore zero-dimensional states are created , and in the case of an elongated rectangular micromagnet , the quasi-particles can move freely in one direction , hence one-dimensional states are formed . We are interested in two different micromagnet shapes : cylindrical ( micro-disk ) and rectangular geometry . +0 This effect occurs in efficient methods of rational approximation ( e.g. , Pade approximations , linear and nonlinear Pade-Chebyshev approximations ) where very significant errors in the coefficients do not affect the accuracy of the approximation . Several construction methods for rational approximations to functions of one real variable are described in the present paper ; the computational results that characterize the comparative accuracy of these methods are presented ; an effect of error autocorrection is considered . +0 This observation allows us to prove that stationary points of $ TP^ { ( p,2 ) } $ + \lambda length , $ p\in ( 4,5 ) $ , \lambda & gt ; 0 , are smooth -- - so especially all local minimizers are smooth . We derive a formula for the first variation that turns out to be a non-degenerate elliptic operator for the special case $ q=2 $ -- - a fact that seems not to be the case for the original tangent-point energies . +1 Non-zero CP asymmetries are expected for $ D^+ \to K^+ \ok $ ( the most promising channel for which a non-zero CP asymmetry has not yet been reported ) , as well as $ D^0 \to \pi^0 \pi^0 $ , $ D_s^+ \to \pi^+ \ko $ , and $ D_s \to \pi^0 K^+ $ . No CP asymmetry is predicted for $ D^+ \to \pi^+ \pi^0 $ or $ D^0 \to \ko \ok $ in this framework . +0 Second , we show that for submodular functions , a WTA fixed point always yields a globally optimal solution . First , we demonstrate how it is possible to identify part of the optimal solution|i.e. , a provably optimal solution for a subset of nodes| without knowing a complete solution . +0 More precisely , we show the existence of a strong asymptotic arbitrage ( SAA ) when the scaling factor converges to zero . We analyze the family of underlying markets from the perspective of large financial markets . +0 Assuming the reproducibility of kidney motion during breathing , and no deformation of the organ , the method consists in optimizing a rigid 6 Degree Of Freedom ( DOF ) transform by evaluating at each step the similarity between the set of US images and the CT volume . The spatial position of the US slices is measured by optically localizing a calibrated probe . +0 -- SNe Ia could evolve because the age and metallicity of their progenitors evolve . For instance , it has been observed that high-z SNe Ia have bluer colours than the local ones : although this goes against extinction to explain why SN are dimmer with redshift until z ~ 1 , supporting a decelerating universe , it also demonstrates intrinsic evolution effects . +0 The exercises are part of a software system named LOGOMON . In this paper we present this software infrastructure with its advantage and disadvantage . +0 Usually these methods are based on the study of the scattered light in the far field . Light scattering techniques are widely used in many fields of condensed and sof t matter physics . +1 In particular , we are now able to confirm that many , but not all , lines of sight with shallow far-UV extinction curves and large values of the total-to-selective extinction ratio , $ R_V $ = $ A_V $ / $ E ( B-V ) $ -- characteristic of larger than average dust grains -- are associated with particularly low hydrogen molecular fractions ( $ f_ { \rm H2 } $ ) . In the lines of sight with large $ R_V $ , there is in fact a wide range in molecular fractions , despite the expectation that the larger grains should lead to less H $ _2 $ formation . +1 We consider the ferromagnetic spherical model with asymmetric linear Langevin dynamics . Such an asymmetric dynamics is irreversible , i.e. , breaks detailed balance , because the principle of action and reaction is violated . +0 Using connections to topological Markov chains we obtain nontrivial invariant measures , prove their stochastic stability , and calculate the topological entropy . The corresponding dynamics mimics the motion of vehicles in a simple traffic flow , which explains the name . +1 In 1878 , Jordan showed that a finite subgroup of GL ( n , C ) contains an abelian normal subgroup whose index is bounded by a function of n alone . Previously , the author has given precise bounds . +1 The key elements of the approach are the tree representation of clusters and their coalescence , and the Horton-Strahler scheme for cluster ranking . Accordingly , the evolution of percolation model is considered as a hierarchical inverse cascade of cluster aggregation . +0 We found that the universality class of fragmentation transition disagreed with that of percolation . We investigated two-dimensional brittle fragmentation with a flat impact experimentally , focusing on the low impact energy region near the fragmentation-critical point . +1 We also extend the number of examples where we can show reducibility significantly by establishing the existence of algebras with the required properties using methods developed by Fuchs , Runkel and Schweigert . As a result we show that the quantum representations are reducible in the SU ( N ) case , N & gt ; 2 , for all levels k\in \mathbb { N } . +0 This estimator combines a minimum variance unbiased estimator of the RS ( which is a smoothed Rihaczek distribution using an appropriately designed smoothing kernel ) with a compressed sensing technique that exploits the approximate time-frequency sparsity . For this class of processes , we propose a compressive estimator of the discrete Rihaczek spectrum ( RS ) . +1 Here I discuss the strong binary lens events OGLE # 7 and DUO # 2 . It is shown that several models with a large variety of parameters are in accordance with the photometric data . +0 We show that the choice of how to represent the elements of these fields can have a significant impact on the resource requirements for quantum arithmetic . Finite fields of the form GF ( 2^m ) play an important role in coding theory and cryptography . +1 It is shown that any p-form defined on the smooth locus of a variety with canonical or klt singularities extends regularly to any resolution of singularities . In fact , a much more general theorem for log canonical pairs is established . +0 The analytic setup is chosen such that the developed code is capable of following the evolution even inside the black hole region . The time evolution of various multi-layer shell systems -- -comprised by large number of shells thereby mimicking the behavior of a thick shell making it possible to study the formation of acoustic singularities -- -is analyzed numerically and compared in certain cases to the corresponding Newtonian time evolution . +0 By using an appropriate code , successful recovery occurs when the total amount of data in the accessed nodes is at least the size of the original data object . A data collector subsequently attempts to recover the original data object by accessing each of the nodes independently with some constant probability . +1 However , this work depends on some assumptions concerning the renormalization group and various properties of the dot obeying Random Matrix Theory predictions at scales of the order of the Thouless energy . In this work we test the validity of those assumptions by considering a particular ballistic dot , the Robnik-Berry billiard , numerically . +1 They give direct X-ray evidence for density variations , implying densities between 2x10^ { 10 } - 4x10^ { 11 } cm^ { -3 } and providing estimates of the mass and the volume of the line-emitting plasma . We discuss the data in the context of the chromospheric evaporation scenario . +0 We measured a $ ^ { 153 } $ Gd photon source and achieved an energy resolution of 63 eV full-width-at-half-maximum at 97 keV and an equivalent readout system noise of 86 pA/ $ \sqrt { \text { Hz } } $ at the TES . We demonstrate very high resolution photon spectroscopy with a microwave-multiplexed two-pixel transition-edge sensor ( TES ) array . +0 In YbRh2Si2 these two bands almost compensate each other . For YbIr2Si2 and YbRh2Si2 , renormalized band calculations yield two bands of opposite character . +0 Modes which are degenerate according to the paraxial approximation are split according to their total angular momentum . Experimentally relevant effects are predicted . +0 To recover the more extended emission we have combined the eSMA data with SMA observations of the same molecules . IRAS 16293-2422 was observed with the extended Submillimeter Array ( eSMA ) resulting in subarcsecond resolution ( 0.46 '' x 0.29 '' , i.e. $ \sim $ 55 $ \times $ 35~AU ) images of compact emission from the C $ ^ { 17 } $ O ( 3-2 ) and C $ ^ { 34 } $ S ( 7-6 ) transitions at 337~GHz ( 0.89~mm ) . +1 However , there has been speculation that a third metallic phase exists between the Peierls and Mott phases . We present results confirming the intermediate metallic phase , and show that the Luttinger liquid correlation exponent K_rho & gt ; 1 in this region , indicating dominant superconducting pair correlations . +1 We give a detailed account and extensions of a holographic flavor superconductivity model which we have proposed recently . The model has an explicit field theory realization as strongly coupled N=2 Super Yang-Mills theory with fundamental matter at finite temperature and finite isospin chemical potential . +1 Propagating star formation can however occur as expanding shells collide , enhancing the density and triggering new cloud and star formation . By controlling the momentum injection per massive star and the specific star formation rate in dense gas , we find that the negative effects of high turbulence outweigh the positive ones , and in net feedback reduces the fraction of dense gas and thus the overall star formation rate . +1 Unlike in the discrete setting where a shortcut connects two vertices and the diameter is measured between vertices , we take all points along the edges of the network into account when placing a shortcut and when measuring distances in the augmented network . We study this network augmentation problem for paths and cycles . +1 We investigate the dependence of stellar properties on the mean thermal Jeans mass in molecular clouds . We compare the results from the two largest hydrodynamical simulations of star formation to resolve the fragmentation process down to the opacity limit , the first of which was reported by Bate , Bonnell & amp ; Bromm . +0 The $ H $ - $ T $ diagram of Sn-MG is similar to that of a quasi two-dimensional superconductors . This compound undergoes a superconducting transition at $ T_ { c } $ = 3.75 K at $ H $ = 0 . +0 Hence it is particularly well suited to determine the hierarchy . The Iron Calorimeter ( ICAL ) detector at the India-based Neutrino Observatory can distinguish between the charged current interactions of $ \nu_\mu $ and $ \bar { \nu } _\mu $ by determining the charge of the produced muon . +0 level-sweeping or level-glancing processes , double- or triple-level-crossing processes , as well as periodically repeated resonance-glancing or resonance-crossing processes . The particular models derived describe different non-linear ( parabolic , cubic , sinh , cosh , etc . ) +0 We show that it puts an interesting bound on the mass of the second generation leptoquarks . The recent measurement on the muon anomalous magnetic moment $ a_\mu $ shows a $ 2.6\sigma $ deviation from the standard model value . +1 Slave particle approaches are widely used in studies of exotic quantum phases . A complete description beyond mean field also contains dynamical gauge fields , while a simplified procedure considers Gutzwiller-projected trial states . +1 We show that the non-equilibrium evolution of the system is isoenergetic and for small initial $ N_0 $ observe a clear separation between $ T $ and $ N_0 $ dynamics , thus explicitly demonstrating the theoretically expected `` two-step '' picture of condensate growth . For increasing initial $ N_0 $ values we observe a crossover to classical relaxation dynamics . +0 Einstein 's field equations have a specific analytical form : They are linear in the second order derivatives and quadratic in the first order derivatives of the field variables . The problem of derivation of the equations of motion from the field equations is considered . +0 It extends the usual moduli spaces of Drinfeld modules to possibly degenerate level structures . In this paper we construct a noncommutative space of `` pointed Drinfeld modules '' that generalizes to the case of function fields the noncommutative spaces of commensurability classes of Q-lattices . +1 It is shown analytically that environmental spins initially in their ground state do not influence the staying probability P. This changes if they are prepared in a statistical ensemble . For a more specific model with environmental spins in a transverse field , LZ transitions are studied in the case of well-separated resonances in the LZ grid . +0 This procedure results in models which resemble the observations ( redshifts and angular separations of galaxies surrounding clusters ) quite well . The velocity field is the superposition of a systematic component and a `` noise '' component accounting for the effects of small scale substructure and observational errors . +1 In this paper , we undertake a study to determine what insight can be reliably gleaned from the comparison of the X-ray and the weak lensing mass maps of galaxy clusters . We do this by investigating the 2D substructure within three high-resolution cosmological simulations of galaxy clusters . +0 After proving a general result concerning the upper-semicontinuity of a one-parameter family of sets , the result is applied to the family of global attractors . Also , the existence of a family of global attractors is shown to exist . +0 The apparatus is well suited for the measurement of heavy-quark hadron production , making use of the high spatial resolution provided by the tracking detectors and the excellent particle identification , which are distinctive of the ALICE apparatus . ALICE at the LHC is the experiment dedicated to study the physics of nucleus-nucleus collisions . +1 We use a sample of 53 massive early-type strong gravitational lens galaxies with well-measured redshifts ( ranging from z=0.06 to 0.36 ) and stellar velocity dispersions ( between 175 and 400 km/s ) from the Sloan Lens ACS ( SLACS ) Survey to derive numerous empirical scaling relations . The ratio between central stellar velocity dispersion and isothermal lens-model velocity dispersion is nearly unity within errors . +1 Using a continuum , membrane-like model we study the height-height correlation functions and the destabilization modes corresponding to two different boundaries conditions : ribbons which are fixed or free on the edges . For the first situation , the thermal spectrum has a gap and the correlations along the ribbon decay exponentially . +1 For $ \gamma=1 $ , we obtain new models which flow in the infrared to 2d N= ( 4,4 ) conformal models and we show that the classical moduli spaces are given by intersecting cotangent weighted complex projective spaces containing the small instanton singularity , discussed in [ 17 ] , as a leading special case . We also make comments regarding the d $ 2d N=4 conformal Liouville description of the Higgs branch throat by following the analysis of [ 18 ] . +0 We prove this to be the only exception and show in which sense it is the limit of $ \frac { 1 } { k } R\sp { k+1 } $ as $ k\to 0 $ . The field equation is scale-invariant not only for the sum of them , but also for $ F=R\ln R $ . +0 The authors show that the magnetic field at which the wall is depinned displays a stochastic nature . A notch in the stripe efficiently traps an injected wall stopping the domain propagation . +0 Remarkably , this metric is shown to have attractive properties such as quasi-concavity with respect to the transmit power and a unique maximum , allowing to derive an optimal power control scheme . Second , it can account for the limited buffer memory of transmitters which store arriving packets as a queue and transmit them with a success rate that is determined by the transmit power and channel conditions . +0 Speckle interferometry in the $ H $ - and $ K $ -bands and an optical spectrum in the range 5200 -- 6680 \AA with a spectral resolving power of $ R $ = 60 000 were obtained at the 6-m telescope of the Russian Academy of Sciences . We present the results of high-resolution optical spectroscopy , low-resolution near-IR spectroscopy and near-infrared speckle interferometry of the massive young stellar object candidate V645 Cyg , acquired to refine its fundamental parameters and the properties of its circumstellar envelope . +1 A class of homogeneous isotropic space-time models including pseudo-Euclidean space as a special case is considered . Such a model is chosen , where the particle motion is described in the most adequate way . +1 The method aims to solve three related problems . The determination of an optimal coordinate for the description of stochastic dynamics . +0 We find that data favour the former . We calculate the spectrum at large $ p_T $ with the BFKL $ \ln ( 1/x ) $ resummation included and then repeat the calculation with it omitted . +0 There is a strong suppression of tunnelling at zero bias , with temperature and dc-bias dependences consistent with power laws , as expected for a Tomonaga-Luttinger Liquid caused by electron-electron interactions in the wires . We have mapped the dispersion spectrum of the 1D wires down to the depletion of the last 1D subband by measuring the conductance \emph { G } as a function of the in-plane magnetic field \emph { B } , the interlayer bias $ V_ { \rm dc } $ and the wire gate voltage . +0 The challenge requires the automatic identification of temporal entities and relations in text . We describe the University of Sheffield system used in the TempEval-2 challenge , USFD2 . +1 The first type is characterized by a nonzero TKNN invariant or Chern number [ 1 ] which is directly related to the quantization of Hall conductance in the integer quantum Hall effect . Haledane propose a model with this type of band structure even in the absence of a macroscopic magnetic field [ 2 ] . +1 However , there are some subtleties in the calculation of Hawking radiation , and particularly is the so-called factor of 2 problem during calculating the Hawking temperature . The most popular opinion on this problem is that it is just a problem of the choice of coordinates . +0 The resulting model describes the proximity effect in terms of the energy-dependent pair potential and renormalization term . Here , we derive a more general proximity model starting from an appropriate microscopic model for the Dirac electron system in planar contact with a superconductor . +0 We use a local density indicator to probe the environment on few Mpc scales and a group member catalog , both of which make use of the DEEP2 spectroscopic redshift catalog , to quantify the environment of these galaxies . We employ MIPS 24 $ \mu $ m data to identify infrared galaxies in the Extended Groth Strip ( EGS ) . +1 It is then important to ask what such singular peaks imply , with or without the effects of other biological factors . We studied the stochastic escape time from the infinite potential peaks in the Wright-Fisher model , where the typical two-scale diffusion dynamics was observed via computer simulations . +1 A nanometer-thin-cell ( in the direction of laser beam propagation ) has been elaborated with the thickness of the atomic vapor column varying smoothly in the range of $ L = \unit [ 50-1500 ] { nm } $ . The cell allows one to study the behavior of the resonance absorption over the $ D_1 $ line of potassium atoms by varying the laser intensity and the cell thickness from $ L = \lambda / 2 $ to $ L = 2 \lambda $ with the step $ \lambda/2 $ ( $ \lambda =\unit [ 770 ] { nm } $ is the resonant wavelength of the laser ) . +0 In this way we find for a generic ( D ) p-brane , potentials going like $ v^ { 4-n } /r^ { 7-p+n } $ corresponding to interactions between the different components of the D-brane supermultiplet . In particular we show how to interpret insertion of supercharges on the boundary state as sources of non-universal spin effects in D-brane potentials . +0 These have ( weak ) Levy-Ito decompositions and an associated Levy-Khintchine formula . In this paper we focus on cylindrical Levy processes . +0 Using the full dynamical model , we predict that rate-dependent hysteresis will occur in the cellular traction forces when cells are exposed to substrates of time-dependent stiffness . A bifurcation analysis of cellular contractility as a function of substrate stiffness reveals a bistable response , thus defining a lower threshold of stiffness , below which cells are not able to build up contractile forces , and an upper threshold of stiffness , above which cells are always in a strongly contracted state . +0 By comparing results from atomistic computer simulations and calorimetry , we show that increasing plastic deformation of equilibrated NC $ \mathrm { Pd_ { 90 } Au_ { 10 } } $ specimen causes an increase of the stored GB enthalpy $ \Delta \gamma $ . Grain boundary ( GB ) enthalpies in nanocrystalline ( NC ) $ \mathrm { Pd_ { 90 } Au_ { 10 } } $ are studied after preparation , thermal relaxation and plastic deformation . +1 Under a random walk model the probability that all pandemics between times 0 and 300 occur by time 150 is 1/2 . Under a Poisson model with mean inter arrival time of 30 years the probability that no pandemic occurs during at least 60 years is 14 % . +1 The calculated defect free energy of formation is remarkably low , consistent with the high defect concentrations reported experimentally . A dynamic structural instability is identified for certain higher defect concentrations . +1 The formalism is applied in various situations and emphasis is put on the momentum representation . In the presence of a transverse harmonic confinement , dimensional reduction toward two-dimensional ( 2D ) or one-dimensional ( 1D ) physics is derived within this formalism . +1 This signal is more prominent in the first-half of the Kepler data , and is not due to leakage of the rotating spot signal into our measurement of the transit depths , or due to unocculted starspots . We investigate the suggestion that this signal could be due to an active region on the star , emitting enhanced ultraviolet or X-ray radiation leading to an increased mass loss rate of the planet ; we confirm that such a scenario could cause both modulation of the transit depths of KIC 12557548b , and small enough transit-timing variations that they might not be detected in the Kepler data . +1 Schwinger pair creation in a purely time-dependent electric field can be described through a quantum Vlasov equation describing the time evolution of the single-particle momentum distribution function . This equation exists in two versions , both of which can be derived by a Bogoliubov transformation , but whose equivalence is not obvious . +0 At strong magnetic field , the quark dynamics becomes $ ( 1+1 ) $ -dimensional and the self-energy tensor only has longitudinal components . We study the photon self-energy for the in-medium photon in a three-flavor color superconductor in the presence of a magnetic field . +0 The conserved quantity invariant under a change of timelike hypersurfaces proves useful in dealing with gravitational perturbations . We find the exact solutions to the lowest order Hamilton-Jacobi equation for special scalar potentials and introduce an approximation method for general potentials . +0 only approximately . The classic simple pendulum is a device which works as a simple harmonic oscillator ( S.H.M . ) +1 A singular interaction is said to be present if for some subset of individuals there is a unique minimal sufficient cause . Empirical and counterfactual conditions are given for sufficient cause interactions and singular interactions between an arbitrary number of causes . +0 In this paper we test that technique , by studying the effect of correlation between velocity and density fields , providing a systematic analysis of the uncertainties arising from the numerics , and exploring the effect of a linear shear . In a previous work Lazarian and Pogosyan suggested a technique to extract velocity and density statistics , of interstellar turbulence , by means of analysing statistics of spectral line data cubes . +1 Metallic-Cavity lasers or plasmonic nanolasers of sub-wavelength sizes have attracted great attentions in recent years , with the ultimate goal of achieving continuous wave ( CW ) , room temperature ( RT ) operation under electrical injection . Despite great efforts , a conclusive and convincing demonstration of this goal has proven challenging . +1 We give three formulas expressing the Smale invariant of an immersion f of a ( 4k-1 ) -sphere into ( 4k+1 ) -space . The terms of the formulas are geometric characteristics of any generic smooth map g of any oriented 4k-dimensional manifold , where g restricted to the boundary is an immersion regularly homotopic to f in ( 6k-1 ) -space . +1 We discuss the factorization of the differential cross section in the double soft gluon emission and small top-quark mass limit , both in Pair Invariant Mass ( PIM ) and One Particle Inclusive ( 1PI ) kinematics . The factorization formulas can be employed in order to implement the simultaneous resummation of soft emission and small mass effects up to next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic accuracy . +1 Maximally-entangled qubit pairs that one can extract in the formal protocol correspond to secret key bits in the realistic protocol . More specifically , we define a qubit encoding scheme that allows the formal protocol to produce more than one entangled qubit pair per coherent state , or equivalently for the realistic protocol , more than one secret key bit . +1 The Web has been chosen as a basic infrastructure to gain the social structure information , through the social network extraction , from all over the world . However , most of the web documents are unstructured and lack of semantics . +1 It is shown that there occurs a phase-transition-like behavior in the time-averaged population imbalance between the ground and excited states . The application of the suggested technique to realistic experimental conditions is analyzed and it is shown that the considered effect can be realized for experimentally available condensates . +0 Here we test the central premise of BosonSampling , experimentally verifying that the amplitudes of 3-photon scattering processes are given by the permanents of submatrices generated from a unitary describing a 6-mode integrated optical circuit . Such a task is BosonSampling : obtaining a distribution of n bosons scattered by some linear-optical unitary process . +1 WHFast is significantly faster and conserves energy better than all other Wisdom-Holman integrators tested . We achieve this by significantly improving the Kepler-solver and ensuring numerical stability of coordinate transformations to and from Jacobi coordinates . +0 96 , 190602 ( 2006 ) ] . We present here a detailed study of the behaviour of a three dimensional Brownian motor based on cold atoms in a double optical lattice [ P. Sjolund et al. , Phys.Rev.Lett . +1 The solutions have the form of the pairs of the Landau quantization levels due to the spinor-type wave functions . The energy levels depend on amplitudes of the magnetic and electric fields , on the g-factor { g-h } , and on the parameter of nonparabolicity C. The dependences of two energy levels in any pair on the Zeeman parameter { Z_h } = { g_h } { m_h } /4 { m_0 } , where { m_h } is the hole effective mass , are nonmonotonous and without intersections . +1 SCUBA observations of three fields detect at least one candidate quasar-associated galaxy . Many galaxies with SEDs indicating considerable dust are not detected , but the limits are only sufficient to rule out hyperluminous infrared galaxies . +1 Prior calculations of the bound states of this system famously revealed a zero-energy state that is its own conjugate , a Majorana fermion bound to the vortex core . We calculate , not the bound states , but the scattering states of this system , and ask how the spin-momentum-locked massless Dirac form of the single-particle Hamiltonian , inherited from the TI surface , affects the cross section for scattering Bogoliubov quasiparticles from the vortex . +1 Our calculations are based on using the variational Monte Carlo method with an accurate trial wave function depending on many variational parameters . The calculations were extended also to include the HeH++ molecular ion . +1 In this article we review the current experimental status of searches for rare decays in charmed hadrons . While the Standard Model rates are yet to be reached , current experimental limits are already putting constraints on New Physics models . +1 We calculate $ \kappa $ in leading order lattice perturbation theory and simulations on $ 120^3\times 6,8 $ lattices with $ a & lt ; 0.1 $ fm . In the temperature range $ 2T_\mathrm { c } -10T_\mathrm { c } $ we find $ \kappa=0.36 ( 15 ) T^2 $ . +0 This result can be seen as a generalization of a similar result on three dimensional Bessel process in [ 3 ] . We show that for a class of non-negative strict local martingales , the strong Markov property implies the no arbitrage property with respect to the class of simple trading strategies . +1 The computation of radiative energy loss in a finite size QCD medium with dynamical constituents is a key ingredient for obtaining reliable predictions for jet quenching in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions . We here present a theoretical formalism for the calculation of the first order in opacity radiative energy loss of a quark jet traveling through a finite size dynamical QCD medium . +1 We consider an example of two emitters and show that radiation is occurred through symmetric states of emitters as it is in Dicke model of superradiance . The nanoparticle accelerates collective spontaneous emission similar how it accelerates spontaneous emission of single emitter . +1 From these analytical formulae on can get the delta function wakefields . The relations between the loss factors ( wakefields ) and the structure geometrical dimensions are well established . +1 In networks , there are often more than one source of capacity . The capacities can be permanently or temporarily owned by the decision maker . +0 Spectroscopic observations made with Keck-I/HIRES during a partial transit event show the Doppler shadow of HAT-P-57b moving across the average spectral line profile of HAT-P- 57 , confirming the object as a planetary system . Based on theoretical stellar evolution models , the host star has a mass and radius of 1.47 +- 0.12 M_sun , and 1.500 +- 0.050 R_sun , respectively . +0 We then describe the string configurations in holographic backgrounds that correspond to a Wilson line , a meson , a baryon and a glueball . We start with a brief reminder of the passage from the AdS5xS5 string theory to certain flavored confining holographic models . +0 Haledane propose a model with this type of band structure even in the absence of a macroscopic magnetic field [ 2 ] . The first type is characterized by a nonzero TKNN invariant or Chern number [ 1 ] which is directly related to the quantization of Hall conductance in the integer quantum Hall effect . +0 In the case of the modular domain , E. Bogomolny , F. Leyvraz and C. Schmit gave a formula for the mean square , which was rigorously proved by M. Peter . These weighted multiplicities appear naturally in the Selberg trace formula , and in particular their mean square plays an important role in the study of statistics of the eigenvalues of the Laplacian on the surface . +1 The semi-inclusive cross section for producing slow protons in charged current deep inelastic ( anti- ) neutrino scattering on protons and neutrons is calculated as a function of the Bjorken $ x $ and the proton momentum . The standard hadronization models based upon the colour neutralization mechanism appear to underestimate the rate of slow proton production on hydrogen . +0 We also consider replacing the edges of $ G $ with paths of varying lengths . In this paper we extend this result to general graphs by proving that the cop has a winning strategy on $ G^ { 1/m } $ provided $ m \geqslant n/2 $ for all but a few small values of $ n $ ; this bound is best possible . +1 We discuss the concept of an equivalent instantaneous source on which both techniques rely . We also discuss the phase-space occupancy and entropy per particle . +1 We constrain those two LECs by a fit to the A=3 system binding energy and investigate sensitivity of 4He , 6Li , 10,11B and 12,13C properties to the variation of the constrained LECs . We identify a preferred choice that gives globally the best description . +1 A general method of coding over expansion is proposed , which allows one to reduce the highly non-trivial problems of coding over analog channels and compressing analog sources to a set of much simpler subproblems , coding over discrete channels and compressing discrete sources . More specifically , the focus of this paper is on the additive exponential noise ( AEN ) channel , and lossy compression of exponential sources . +1 Given that $ B_ { 1 } , B_ { 2 } $ are binet matrices we examine the $ k $ -sums of network and binet matrices . It is shown that the $ k $ -sum of a network and a binet matrix is a binet matrix , but binet matrices are not closed under this operation for $ k=2,3 $ . +0 We investigate dependence of deuterium chemistry on model parameters : density ( $ n_ { \rm H } $ ) , temperature , cosmic ray ionization rate , and gas-phase depletion factor of heavy elements ( $ f_ { \rm D } $ ) . Deuterium chemistry and spin states of H $ _2 $ and H $ _3^+ $ isotopologues are included in this primarily gas-phase chemical model . +1 In this work we continue our investigation and we compute the Hardy constant for other non-convex planar domains . In all cases the Hardy constant is related to that of a certain infinite sectorial region which has been studied by E.B.Davies . +1 We validate the application of our recent orbital-free density functional theory ( DFT ) approach , [ Phys.Rev.Lett . 113 , 155006 ( 2014 ) ] , for the calculation of ionic and electronic transport properties of dense plasmas . +0 Early this year , an eruption of the recurrent nova RS Ophiuchi [ 2,3 ] provided the first opportunity to perform comprehensive X-ray observations of such an event and diagnose conditions within the ejecta . In rare cases , the white dwarf is embedded in the wind nebula of a red-giant companion ; the explosion products plow through the nebula and produce X-ray emission . +1 Let $ \mathscr { S } _k^+ ( \cn , \Phi ) $ denote the space generated by Hilbert modular newforms ( over a fixed totally real field $ K $ ) of weight $ k $ , level $ \cn $ and Hecke character $ \Phi $ . We show how to decompose $ \mathscr { S } _k^+ ( \cn , \Phi ) $ into direct sums of twists of other spaces of newforms . +1 The proof of the conjecture on the cyclicity of tensor products by Akasaka and the present author is given . Several properties of modules generated by extremal vectors are proved . +1 Let $ S $ be an oriented surface of finite type , $ \mathcal { MCG } ( S ) $ its mapping class group , and $ \mathcal { T } ( S ) $ its Teichm\ '' uller space with the Teichm\ '' uller metric . Let $ H \leq \mathcal { MCG } ( S ) $ be a finite subgroup and consider the subset of $ \mathcal { T } ( S ) $ fixed by $ H $ , $ \mathrm { Fix } ( H ) \subset \mathcal { T } ( S ) $ . +1 We predict the primary angular bispectrum from inflation , and forecast how well we can measure the primordial non-Gaussian signal . In addition to that , secondary anisotropy sources in the low-redshift universe also produce non-Gaussianity , so do foreground emissions from extragalactic or interstellar microwave sources . +0 $ $ Here $ F $ is elliptic , positively homogeneous and superadditive , $ f $ is convex and superlinear , and $ H $ is typically assumed to be convex . We consider the problem of finding $ \lambda\in \mathbb { R } $ and a function $ u : \mathbb { R } ^n\rightarrow\mathbb { R } $ that satisfy the PDE $ $ \max\left\ { \lambda + F ( D^2u ) -f ( x ) , H ( Du ) \right\ } =0 , \quad x\in \mathbb { R } ^n . +1 At the SkL-to-paramagnet transition a narrow first-order peak is found that exhibits a strong frequency and magnetic field dependence . Surprisingly , very similar dependence has been discovered for the first-order transition below the SkL phase , i.e.where the system enters the helical and conical state ( s ) , indicating similar processes across the order-disorder transition . +0 In this paper we present an index for this problem , which we call the ratio index , which also guarantees a constant factor approximation . Approximation algorithms for this problem were developed by Guha and Munagala by rounding a linear program that couples the various alternatives together . +0 For $ \chi^ { ( 5 ) } $ 10000 terms of the series are calculated { \it modulo } a single prime , and have been used to find the linear ODE satisfied by $ \chi^ { ( 5 ) } $ { \it modulo } a prime . These calculations have been made possible by the use of highly optimized polynomial time modular algorithms and a total of more than 150000 CPU hours on computer clusters . +1 Time synchronization and out-of-time background rejection results are presented from the Cosmic Run At Four Tesla and LHC beam runs taken in the Autumn of 2008 . The inter-channel synchronization is measured to be within 2 ns . +1 It captures the features which are present in first-principles calculations but not explained by the theory of Xiao et al . [ Phys Rev Lett 108 , 196802 ( 2012 ) ] , namely the trigonal warping of the valence and conduction bands , the electron-hole symmetry breaking , and the spin-splitting of the conduction band . +0 This model allows us to go beyond the general theory of marginal ensemble equivalence through the notion of Goldstone modes . A second order phase transition occurs between these two phases , with associated spontaneous symmetry-breaking in the dipole phase . +1 We consider a hierarchical network that consists of mobile users , a two-tiered cellular network ( namely small cells and macro cells ) and central routers , each of which follows a Poisson point process ( PPP ) . In this scenario , small cells with limited-capacity backhaul are able to cache content under a given set of randomized caching policies and storage constraints . +0 In this paper , we examine the connection between these two much discussed problems in the foundations of spacetime theory along two interrelated lines . It also provides a natural formalism in which to relate the hole argument to the problem of time in classical and quantum gravity . +1 In contrast to Fisher 's original mapping , this enables us to reformulate frustrated Ising models as dimer models with positive weights and we illustrate this by providing a new solution of the fully frustrated Ising model on the square lattice . Finally , by means of the modified mapping we show that a large class of three-dimensional Ising models are precisely equivalent , in the time continuum limit , to particular quantum dimer models . +0 We show these common lines form a semi-algebraic set , i.e. , they are defined by polynomial equalities and inequalities . We intrinsically characterize such common lines in terms of the unembedded geometric data detected in experiments . +0 We consider SO ( d ) -preserving configurations as ansatz ( d=4,7 ) . In this report , the eighth-order contribution to the improved perturbative series is obtained , which involves evaluation of 20410 planar two-particle irreducible vacuum diagrams . +1 The star formation rates derived from the FIR luminosity range from about 300 to 5000 M ( sun ) per year and the molecular mass from 4 x 10^9 to 1 x 10^ { 11 } M ( sun ) . At the lower end , these star formation rates , gas masses , and diameters are similar to those of local ultraluminous infrared galaxies , and represent starbursts in centrally concentrated disks , sometimes , but not always , associated with active galactic nuclei . +0 Concentration of DNA sites , exposed to Cu ( II ) , Cu ( I ) , Ag ( I ) ions , AgNPs impact as well as laser irradiation ( { \lambda } = 457 nm ) and temperature , which are applicable for intercalation , were estimated in relative units . FRET radii were experimentally estimated in background electrolyte solution ( 0.01 M NaNO3 ) and proved to be 3.9 +- 0.3 nm and the data are in satisfactory agreement with the theoretically calculated value Ro = 3.5 +- 0.3 nm . +1 The resonant substructures of $ B^0 \to \overline { D } ^0 \pi^+\pi^- $ decays are studied with the Dalitz plot technique . In this study a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 3.0 fb $ ^ { -1 } $ of $ pp $ collisions collected by the LHCb detector is used . +0 Under the assumption that the dielectric permittivities of the media are close , a formula is derived for the spectral-angular distribution of the radiated energy in the general case of non-static profile function for the separating boundary . We investigate the transition radiation on a periodically deformed interface between two dielectric media . +0 As a consequence , we prove the bound 5/34 for Hecke eigenvalues of Maass forms over any number field and at every place , finite or infinite , breaking the crucial bound 1/6 ( see below and Section 7 and 8 ) towards Ramanujan-Petersson and Selberg conjectures for $ GL_2 $ . We prove these by applying a recent version of converse theorems of Cogdell and Piatetski-Shapiro to analytic properties of certain $ L $ -functions obtained from the method of Eisenstein series ( Langlands-Shahidi method ) . +0 An affirmative answer would imply the existence of an algorithm to check Connes ' embedding Conjecture . In Sec.2 we formulate the following problem : `` does every cyclic Hilbert space embed into $ L^2 ( M , \tau ) $ , for some $ M $ ? `` . +1 This provides an accurate approximation of the condensate density that includes healing effects at leading order that are missing in the widely adopted Thomas-Fermi approximation . The results presented herein allow us to formulate useful approximations to a range of experimental systems including the equilibrium properties of a finite temperature Bose gas and the steady-state properties of a 2D nonequilibrium condensate . +0 The collision of the pulsar and Be star winds forms a shock , which accelerates electrons and positrons to the relativistic energies . We apply the shock powered emission model to this system . +0 The simulations were performed with the PLUTO-CLOUDY interface , which couples a detailed photoionization and plasma simulation code with a general MHD code . Our sample only includes strongly irradiated planets , whose expanded atmospheres may be detectable via transit spectroscopy . +1 Our main contribution is a sound methodto combine our previous optimal method for tracking least fix-points in PDL with our previous optimal method for handling converse in the description logic ALCI . The extension is non-trivial as the two methods can not be combined naively . +1 However , with the upcoming encounter of New Horizons at the Pluto-Charon system , sensitivity to detection of a possible Charon atmosphere will increase by orders of magnitude . In particular , it has long been planned for New Horizons to use its Alice ultraviolet spectrograph during solar occultation observations of Charon on July 14 , 2015 , for this purpose . +0 This implies that the Andromeda galaxy possesses a substantial dark matter halo . Taken with the DEIMOS multi-object spectrograph on the Keck2 telescope , these data display a narrow velocity dispersion of 11+/-3 km/s , with a steady radial velocity gradient of 245 km/s over the 125 kpc radial extent of the stream studied so far . +0 Firstly , what does `` the probability of an action '' mean ? Before we combine actions and probabilities two very obvious questions should be asked . +0 As an important technical ingredient , we prove a $ ( 2p ) $ th moment bound for partial sums in multiple mixing systems . Our proof uses a multivariate extension of the techniques introduced by Dehling , Durieu and Voln\'y \cite { DehDurVol09 } in the univariate case . +0 By contrast , open geometries support a thermal excitation of the low-lying modes in the gapless spectrum already at low temperatures . This effect can be attributed to the fact that the fluctuation spectrum for closed geometries is gapped , inhibiting the thermal excitation of modes at low temperatures . +1 Their radius provides a dynamically generated minimal length acting as a universal short-distance cut-off . We propose a quantisation scheme for this new kind of microscopic objects based on a Bohr-like approach , which does not require a detailed knowledge of quantum gravity . +0 The surprising result is that some problems can be solved faster in the Quasi-Bayesian framework than within usual Bayesian theory . The present work presents solutions for plan generation when robustness of probability assessments must be included : plans contain information about the robustness of certain actions . +0 Let $ \Delta ( A ) $ and $ \delta ( A ) $ denote the greatest and the smallest absolute values of a determinant among all $ r ( A ) \times r ( A ) $ sub-matrices of $ A $ , where $ r ( A ) $ is the rank of a matrix $ A $ . The width of $ P $ is defined as $ w ( P ) =min\ { x\in \mathbb { Z } ^n\setminus\ { 0\ } : \ : max_ { x \in P } x^\top u - min_ { x \in P } x^\top v \ } $ . +1 In order to evaluate combination of evidence for this system , using observed data , auxiliary at tribute and diagnosis variables , and inference rules connecting them , one must first choose an appropriate algebraic logic description pair ( ALDP ) : a formal language or syntax followed by a compatible logic or semantic evaluation ( or model ) . Three common choices- for this highly non-unique choice - are briefly discussed , the logics being Classical Logic , Fuzzy Logic , and Probability Logic . +0 trading off accuracy and computational cost . This paper compares three approaches to the problem of selecting among probability models to fit data ( 1 ) use of statistical criteria such as Akaike 's information criterion and Schwarz 's `` Bayesian information criterion , '' ( 2 ) maximization of the posterior probability of the model , and ( 3 ) maximization of an ? effectiveness ratio ? +1 Our presentation is pedagogical . Thus , in addition to providing a bird 's eye view of the present status of the subject , the article should also serve as a vehicle to enter the field and explore it in detail . +1 Small-scale dark matter structure within the Milky Way is expected to affect pulsar timing . The change in gravitational potential induced by a dark matter halo passing near the line of sight to a pulsar would produce a varying delay in the light travel time of photons from the pulsar . +0 In the frozen-core approximation , for example , the core electrons can be eliminated in the correlated part of the calculations , greatly increasing the computational efficiency , especially for heavy atoms . It is therefore straightforward to partition the full N-particle Hilbert space into active and inactive parts to implement the frozen-orbital method . +1 Fake online pharmacies have become increasingly pervasive , constituting over 90 % of online pharmacy websites . There is a need for fake website detection techniques capable of identifying fake online pharmacy websites with a high degree of accuracy . +0 The contact order controlls folding scenarios : the average times necessary to bring pairs of amino acids into their near native separations depend on the sequential distances within the pairs . For a fixed native geometry , small changes in the effective contact map may affect the folding times in a chance way and to the extent that is comparable to the shift in the folding times due to cooperativity . +1 We consider current observational constraints on the presence of cool , optically thick disk material in quiescent black hole binaries , specifically focusing on a case study of the prototypical system A0620-00 . Such material might be expected to be present theoretically , but is usually claimed to make a negligible contribution at optical and infrared wavelengths . +0 A similar result holds for quasi-Fuchsian manifolds N = ( F x R ) . In particular , the proof of this theorem does not use any deep results in Teichmueller theory , Kleinian group theory , or the coarse geometry of A ( F , p ) . +0 A wedge polishing technique provides unprecedented , large-area specimens required to span the entire interface . Our investigation of the prism-nacre interface reveals nanoscale details governing the onset of nacre formation using high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy . +1 We have carried out dc magnetization ( M ) , heat-capacity ( C ) and dielectric studies down to 2K for the compound GdCrTiO5 , crystallizing in orthorhombic Pbam structure , in which well-known multiferroics RMn2O5 ( R= Rare-earths ) form . The points of emphasis are : ( i ) The magnetic ordering temperature of Cr appears to be suppressed compared to that in isostructural Nd counterpart , NdCrTiO5 , for which the Neel temperature is about 21 K. This finding on the Gd compound suggests that Nd 4f orbital plays a role on the magnetism of Cr in contrast to a proposal long ago . +0 This paper shows that the class of nested canalyzing functions is equal to that of unate cascade functions . Finally , unate cascade functions have been studied in the design of logic circuits and binary decision diagrams . +0 but that the remaining 45.45 % result in non-terminating cycles . The key result is that 54.55 % +/- 0.89 % of games can be completed ( by a patient player ! ) +1 We propose and analyze a two-state valence-bond model of non-equilibrium solvation effects on the excited-state twisting reaction of monomethine cyanines . Suppression of this reaction is thought responsible for environment-dependent fluorescence yield enhancement in these dyes . +1 We calculate the probability that a Milky-Way-like halo in the standard cosmological model has the observed number of Magellanic Clouds ( MCs ) . The statistics of the number of MCs in the LCDM model are in good agreement with observations of a large sample of SDSS galaxies . +1 Using the mentioned estimate we show that , unlike the Hofer norm , the spectral norm is C^0-continuous on surfaces . We also present applications of the above results to the theory of Calabi quasimorphisms and improve a result of Entov , Polterovich and Py . +1 The general notion of a $ \Gamma $ -symmetric space was introduced by R.Lutz . We approach the classification of such spaces in the case $ \Gamma=Z_2^2 $ using recent results on the classification of complex $ Z_2^2 $ -graded simple Lie algebras . +0 A generalisation of a result on the dimension of the manifold of rank $ k $ idempotents in the semigroup of linear endomorphisms over $ \fldc $ has been proved . Relations between these manifolds and Grassmann manifolds have been established . +0 As one more step towards the aim of a global metric for a system of N arbitrarily shaped and arbitrarily moving massive bodies in post-Minkowskian approximation , two central issues are on the scope of our investigation : ( i ) We first consider one extended body with full multipole structure in uniform motion in some suitably chosen global reference system . Presently , the metric of arbitrarily shaped , rotating , oscillating and arbitrarily moving N bodies of finite extension is only known for the case of slowly moving bodies in the post-Newtonian approximation , while the post-Minkowskian metric for arbitrarily moving celestial objects is known only for pointlike bodies with mass-monopoles and spin-dipoles . +0 We demonstrate that the frequencies do vary in phase with the solar activity indices , however the degree of correlation differs from phase to phase of the cycle . The observations span a period of about 12 years starting from mid-1996 ( the minimum of cycle 23 ) to early-2008 ( near minimum of cycle 24 ) , corresponding to a nearly complete solar activity cycle . +1 ( 3 ) The most likely candidate for cold dark matter is therefore a sneutrino . ( 4 ) The Higgs and other bosonic superpartners have an unconventional equation of motion . +1 This does not permit one to fulfil the initial condition . So , the function obtained from the Schr\ '' odinger equation can not be the evolution operator kernel . +1 An analytical theory for the process of condensation in such a system is constructed in dynamic conditions . The free energy of formation of the critical embryo is assumed to be known in the macroscopic approach as well as the energy of solvatation . +1 Finally , we study a model given by a Lagrangian 4-form quadratic in non-metricity . Thus , we seek Schwarzschild-type solutions because of its observational success and obtain some sets of solutions . +1 This article presents a probabilistic generative model for text based on semantic topics and syntactic classes called Part-of-Speech LDA ( POSLDA ) . POSLDA simultaneously uncovers short-range syntactic patterns ( syntax ) and long-range semantic patterns ( topics ) that exist in document collections . +1 Indistinguishable quantum states interfere , but the mere possibility of obtaining information that could distinguish between overlapping states inhibits quantum interference . Quantum interference imaging can outperform classical imaging or even have entirely new features . +0 Fortunately , loop quantum cosmology ( LQC ) has the potential to serve as a bridge connecting the classical theory and quantum gravity . But if we introduce the quantum effects of gravity into the stress-energy tensor , these peculiar objects can be constructed self-consistently . +0 The multiplicity distribution of the projectiles lightest fragments ( proton ) emitted in the 84Kr36 + emulsion interaction at around 1 A GeV with different target has well explained by KNO scaling . Normalized projectiles lightest fragments ( proton ) are strongly correlated with compound particles , shower particles and heavy ionizing charge particles . +0 We present data that demonstrate this coherent beam splitting mechanism with clusters of hexafluorobenzene and we show single-photon depletion gratings based both on fragmentation and ionization for clusters of vanillin . Photofragmentation gratings can act on objects as different as van der Waals clusters and biomolecules which are thermally unstable and often resilient to single-photon ionization . +1 However , known QSH materials ( e.g.HgTe/CdTe and InAs/GaSb quantum wells ) exhibit very small energy gap and only work at low temperature , hindering their applications for room temperature devices . Based on the first-principles calculations , we predict a novel family of QSH insulators in monolayer tantalum carbide halide TaCX ( X = Cl , Br , and I ) with unique rectangular lattice and large direct energy gaps larger than 0.2 eV , accurately , 0.23 $ - $ 0.36 eV . +0 The final rotational width is measured at a radius containing 83 % of the total light as derived from I-band images . We derive rotational widths using both velocity histograms and the Polyex model fit . +1 To investigate this , we make use of high-resolution hydrodynamic simulations . We follow the thermodynamic evolution of the gas by solving the full thermal energy equation , and also track the evolution of the dust temperature and the chemical evolution of the gas . +0 The spiking classifiers are coupled with a temporally-sensitive reinforcement learning algorithm , which allows the system to perform temporal state decomposition by appropriately rewarding `` macro-actions , '' created by chaining together multiple atomic actions . We employ a constructivist model of growth of both neurons and synaptic connections , which permits a Genetic Algorithm ( GA ) to automatically evolve sufficiently-complex neural structures . +1 Every astrophysical object ( dark or not ) is a gravitational lens , as well as a receiver/observer of the light from sources lensed by other objects in its neighborhood . For a given pair of source and lens , there is a thin on-axis tubelike volume behind the lens in which the radiation flux from the source is greatly increased due to gravitational lensing . +1 Theory predicts that doping the surface of the graphene effectively alters the electronic structure , thus promoting propensity towards Cooper pair instability . Here we report the emergence of superconductivity at 7.4 K in Li-intercalated few-layer-graphene ( FLG ) . +1 Based on our structural data we perform a bond-valence calculation for the vanadium sites in the low temperature state . Due to an asymmetric charge ordering we obtain only two different vanadium valences despite the three inequivalent sites . +1 By the calculations , LaFeAsO was first predicted to be an antiferromagnetic semimetal , and the novel bi-collinear antiferromagnetic order was predicted for $ \alpha $ -FeTe . Moreover , based on the calculations the underlying mechanism was proposed to be Arsenic-bridged antiferromagnetic superexchange interaction between the next-nearest neighbor Fe moments . +0 The EST alignment procedure is based on the construction of maximal embeddings that are sequences obtained from paths of a graph structure , called Embedding Graph , whose vertices are the maximal pairings of a genomic sequence T and an EST P. The procedure runs in time linear in the size of P , T and of the output . We propose a fast method for the problem that combines two ideas : a novel algorithm of proved small time complexity for computing spliced alignments of a transcript against a genome , and an efficient algorithm that exploits the inherent redundancy of information in a cluster of transcripts to select , among all possible factorizations of EST sequences , those allowing to infer splice site junctions that are highly confirmed by the input data . +1 In contrast , if the pair interaction is screened by background charges ( Yukawa OCP ) the thermodynamic state depends , in addition , on the range of the interaction via the screening parameter $ \kappa $ . How to determine in this case an effective coupling parameter has been a matter of intensive debate . +1 One magnetic configuration is examined at an equivalent resolution of $ 6144^3 $ points , and three different configurations on grids of $ 4096^3 $ points . At the highest resolution , two different current and vorticity sheet systems are found to collide , producing two successive accelerations in the development of small scales . +0 This is obtained by modifying the energy levels of the non interacting Hamiltonian in a way consistent with the corresponding one particle density of states in the thermodynamic limit . An efficient scheme is introduced for a fast and smooth convergence to the thermodynamic limit with finite size cluster calculations . +1 Unlike classical string complexity , both deterministic and nondeterministic quantum state complexities are interesting . A notion of \emph { total quantum nondeterminism } is introduced for decision problems . +1 We use Chandra data to infer that an X-ray bright component of gas is in the process of separating the radio lobes of 3C 442A . This is the first radio galaxy with convincing evidence that central gas , overpressured with respect to the lobe plasma and not simply a static atmosphere , is having a major dynamical effect on the radio structure . +0 Classical results as the existence of a universal central extension of a perfect Hom-Lie algebra remains true , but others as the central extensions of the middle term of a universal central extension is split only holds for $ \alpha $ -central extensions . This fact leads to introduce the notion of universal $ \alpha $ -central extension . +1 We employ Spitzer/IRS spectral mapping observations of the northern part of W49A to investigate the mid-infrared ( MIR ) spatial appearance of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( PAH ) bands , PAH plateau features , atomic lines and continuum emission . We examine the spatial variations of the MIR emission components in slices through two of the ultra compact-HII ( UC-HII ) regions . +0 There are 5 primary reasons for suggesting this : 1. there are well known disc surface mass density distributions that naturally produce the observed rotation curves of galaxies . We investigate the possibility that the observed rotation of galaxies can be accounted for by invoking a massive baryonic disc with no need for non-baryonic dark matter or a massive halo . +1 We show that the phenomena is governed in both cases by a power-law regime but the critical exponents depend on the type of bifurcation and may also depend on the numerical experiment set-up . Differences and similarities between the two cases are also discussed . +0 Existence , uniqueness , regularity , and probabilistic representation of this Wiener Chaos solution is established for a large class of equations . The method is based on the Cameron-Martin version of the Wiener Chaos expansion and provides a unified framework for the study of ordinary and partial differential equations driven by finite- or infinite-dimensional noise with either adapted or anticipating input . +0 Our 870 micron survey with ALMA ( ALESS ) has produced maps ~3X deeper and with a beam area ~200X smaller than the original LESS observations , doubling the current number of interferometrically-observed submillimeter sources . We present an Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array ( ALMA ) Cycle 0 survey of 126 submillimeter sources from the LABOCA ECDFS Submillimeter Survey ( LESS ) . +0 Although the notion of graph entropy has its roots in information theory , it was proved to be closely related to some classical and frequently studied graph theoretic concepts . This graph functional originated from the problem of source coding in information theory and was introduced by J. K\ '' { o } rner in 1973 . +0 The single-index is identified by the best approximation to the multivariate prediction function of the response variable , regardless of whether the prediction function is a genuine single-index function . In this paper , based on weakly dependent sample , we investigate the single-index prediction ( SIP ) model which is robust against deviation from the single-index model . +0 In particular , we have studied two models that predict heavy states , a model with an extra gauge boson ( Zprime ) and with a Kaluza-Klein ( KK ) excitation of the gluon ( gKK ) . A Monte Carlo study has been performed using boosted-top techniques to reduce QCD background for the reconstruction of heavy particles with masses in the range of 8-20 TeV , and various widths . +1 In addition , we present a 1/4 supersymmetric worldvolume 3-brane soliton on the M-5-brane in the M-5-brane background as an extended solution of the 3-brane solitons of the M-5-brane by Howe , Lambert and West . This soliton can be interpreted as a certain intersection of three M-5-branes . +1 Its saturation value at the maximum is about 10 T_c . When the spin fluctuation-induced superconductivity is well stabilized at low temperatures in the optimal regime , the imaginary part of the antiferromagnetic spin susceptibility shows a very sharp resonance peak reminiscent of the 41 meV peak observed in the neutron scattering experiment on YBCO . +1 We propose a flexible and robust scheme to create closed quasi-one dimensional guides for ultra-cold atoms through the dressing of hyperfine sub-levels of the atomic ground state . The dressing field is spatially modulated by inductive effects over a micro-engineered conducting loop , freeing the trapping region from leading wires in its proximity . +1 Continuum images , longitudinal and transverse magnetic field maps and Dopplergrams obtained by IMaX onboard SUNRISE are analyzed by Local Correlation Traking ( LCT ) , divergence calculation and time slices , Stokes inversions and numerical simulations are also employed . We characterize two mesogranular-scale exploding granules where $ \sim $ 10 $ ^ { 18 } $ Mx of magnetic flux emerges . +0 We find that dynamical crossovers occur in systems with a minimum of three interacting molecules , and are strongly activated by exciton delocalization and interference . In this article we investigate the counting statistics of rare quantum trajectories of an undriven system undergoing a pure relaxation process , namely , Markovian exciton transport . +0 In principle , these stars may produce several important effects : ( i ) contribute to the optical/UV spectra of some LLAGN ; ( ii ) reprocessing of the stellar radiation in the dusty disks could dominate the LLAGN infra-red spectra ; ( iii ) deplete the ( accretion ) gas disk much faster than it can accrete onto the supper-massive black hole ( SMBH ) ; ( iv ) stars , individually or in groups , may slow down and modulate the accretion flow significantly due to their inertia . LLAGN accretion disks should thus co-exist with thousands to millions of stars or proto-stars left from the previous stronger accretion activity . +1 Second , we can search for new cosmological signatures as a way to explore physics beyond the standard cosmic paradigm . In particular , a subset of early universe models admit a nonsingular bouncing solution that attempts to address the issue of the big bang singularity . +1 These systems and their performance have been reported on elsewhere . The ultimate success of such a system , however , depends significantly upon the efficiency of selective event retrieval . +0 When the non-flat factor has dimension 2 , we give a complete classification of the examples with two factors . Very recently , after Belgun and Moroianu conjectured that the number of factors was at most one , Matveev and Nikolayevsky found an example with two factors . +1 In the ordered side , the scalar spectral function exhibits a universal peak at the Higgs mass . For N=3 and 4 we confirm its \omega^3 rise at low frequency . +1 Galaxy formation models exhibit remarkable success in reproducing observed relations such as the relation between galaxies ' star formation rates ( SFRs ) and stellar masses and the stellar mass -- halo mass relation . We demonstrate that comparisons of the short-timescale variability in galaxy SFRs with observational data provide an additional useful constraint on the physics of galaxy formation feedback . +0 Here we propose to follow instead a dynamic path starting from the gas confined in a rotating ring . For particle numbers significantly larger than unity , the required angular momentum is very large and it can be obtained only for spinning frequencies extremely near to the deconfinement limit ; consequently , the required control on experimental parameters turns out to be far too stringent . +1 This unique system shows a very extended trimodal horizontal branch ( HB ) , but no other clues for multiple populations have been detected in its colour-magnitude diagram ( CMD ) . Based on high-resolution spectroscopic observations of 16 red giant stars , we derived the abundances of a large variety of alpha , p-capture , iron-peak , and n-capture elements . +0 A Newtonian object referred to as a dumbbell can be used to describe these solutions in a simple form by means of the density of this object , since the physical properties of the relativistic solution are characterized by its behaviour . These represent slight deviations from spherical symmetry in terms of the relativistic multipole moments ( RMM ) we wish the solution to contain . +0 For larger impurity concentrations , the continuing strong decrease in mobility is correlated with decreasing grain size , indicating an impurity-induced increase in the nucleation of grains during early stages of film growth . For these low concentrations , the impurity thus directly influences transport , either as homogeneously distributed defects or by concentration at the otherwise-unchanged grain boundaries . +1 We compute the irreducible constitutents of the product of the Weil character and the Steinberg character in those finite classical groups for which a Weil character is defined , namely the symplectic , unitary and general linear groups . It turns out that this product is multiplicity free for the symplectic and general unitary groups , but not for the general linear groups . +0 We study the parameter- and moduli- space perturbatively . The equivariant gauge fixing introduces constant ghost fields as moduli of the model . +0 Our result builds on and extends works by the Paghs ( PODS '06 ) and by Vassilevska and Williams ( FOCS '10 ) . This is a reversal of Patrascu 's reduction from 3SUM to listing triangles ( STOC '10 ) . +0 The Clouds enormous capacity with comparable low cost makes it an ideal platform for SOA deployment . In recent years advanced technologies such as SOA and Cloud computing have been evolved to address integration problems . +1 In contrast , Jupiter-like and less massive Saturn-like giant planets are able to survive through the base of the convection zone of a 1.22 solar-mass star . Although strongly dependent on details of planetary interior models , partial or total dissolution of giant planets can result in significant enhancements in the metallicity of host stars with masses between about 1.0 and 1.3 solar masses . +0 Several schemes are tested for the energy input . Energy dissipation is introduced through cloud-cloud ineslatic collisions . +1 One advantage is that they bridge two different scales : the microscopic and the macroscopic one . Diffusion is a mathematical idealisation , however : it assumes vanishingly small state changes at the microscopic level . +0 This allowed us to spectrally resolve the polarization structure of spatially unresolved radio sources , and by fitting various Faraday rotation models to the data , we conclusively demonstrate that two of the sources can not be described by a simple rotation measure ( RM ) component modified by depolarization from a foreground Faraday screen . The Australia Telescope Compact Array ( ATCA ) was used to observe these sources with 2 GHz of instantaneous bandwidth from 1.1 to 3.1 GHz . +1 Localization lengths of superconducting quasiparticles $ \lambda_s $ are evaluated and compared with the corresponding normal state values $ \lambda_n $ in one and two dimensional lattices . The effect of superconducting correlation on the localization of quasiparticles is generally stronger in an off-site pairing state than in an on-site pairing state . +0 In this paper we investigate the possible interaction in a way independent of specific interacting forms by use of observational data ( SNe , BAO , CMB and Hubble parameter ) . Several phenomenological interacting forms are proposed and are fitted with observations in the literature . +0 In other word , the geometric correspondence of spinor is generating lines of quadric surface in momentum space . It showed that Weyl equations were equations of generating lines in the quadric surface . +0 These three periods include the strong rises around BC 671 , AD 775 , and AD 1795 . Our results are : ( a ) We see three periods , where 14-C varied over 200 yr in a special way showing a certain pattern of strong secular variation : after a Grand Minimum with strongly increasing 14-C , there is a series of strong short-term drop ( s ) , rise ( s ) , and again drop ( s ) within 60 yr , ending up to 200 yr after the start of the Grand Minimum . +0 This simple model describes the conditional luminosity functions , LF of galaxies as a function of the halo mass , measured with the 2dF galaxy group catalog from cluster to group mass scales . We extend this model to describe relative statistics of early-type , or red , and late-type , or blue , galaxies , with the fraction of early type galaxies at halo centers , relative to the total sample , determined only by the halo mass and the same fraction in the case of satellites is taken to be dependent on both the halo mass and the satellite galaxy luminosity . +0 Achieving comparable levels of spin polarization by external magnetic fields would require laboratory equipment whose physical dimensions and operating electrical currents are million times larger than those of our spin Hall effect devices . Our experiments in two-dimensional hole gas microdevices confirm this remarkable spin Hall effect phenomenology . +1 Self-consistent approach for interacting phonons description in lattice , which generalized Debye model , is proposed . Notion of `` self-consistent '' phonons is introduced , speed of which depends on temperature and is determined from non-linear equation . +1 We characterize the ISS variation by an rms amplitude and a timescale and examine the statistics of these parameters for the 121 sources with significant ISS at 2 GHz . We model the scintillations using the NE2001 Galactic electron model assuming the sources are brightness-limited . +0 They play an important role in N=4 supersymmetic Yang-Mills theory . The results are UD functions $ \Phi^ { ( L ) } , $ where $ L $ is the number of loops . +1 A fast and efficient coding algorithms are needed for effective storage and transmission , due to the popularity of telemedicine and the use of digital medical images . Medical images are produced and transferred between hospitals for review by physicians who are geographically apart . +0 The measured peak energy is 48 eV . We present for the first time the calorimetric measurement of the atomic de-excitation of the $ ^ { 163 } $ Dy daughter atom upon the capture of an electron from the 5s shell in $ ^ { 163 } $ Ho , OI-line . +1 We use the mass profile we determined from the distribution and kinematics of the early-type galaxies ( i.e.ellipticals , excluding the brightest ones , and S0s ) outside substructures ; the latter were assumed to be on isotropic orbits , which is supported by the shape of their velocity distribution . The projected distribution and kinematics of the galaxies of other types are used to search for equilibrium solutions in the gravitational potential derived from the early-type galaxies , using the method described by Binney and Mamon as implemented by Solanes and Salvador-Sole ' . +0 On the other hand , given the large number of particles and forces in the visible world , a more complex dark sector could be a reasonable or even likely possibility . Based on observational constraints on large scale structure and halo structure , dark matter is generally taken to be cold and essentially collisionless . +0 The mean-field approximation of this scenario bears some surprises . In the long time limit the spatial density profile becomes scale invariant . +0 The inefficiency is caused mainly by hadrons that undergo nuclear interactions in the tracker material . For ttbar events under typical 2011 pileup conditions , the average track-reconstruction efficiency for promptly-produced charged particles with transverse momenta of pt & gt ; 0.9 GeV is 94 % for pseudorapidities of abs ( eta ) & lt ; 0.9 and 85 % for 0.9 & lt ; abs ( eta ) & lt ; 2.5 . +1 We propose a new detection technique in the plane based on an isotropic wavelet family . This family is naturally constructed as an extension of the Gaussian-Mexican Hat Wavelet pair and for that reason we call it the Mexican Hat Wavelet Family ( MHWF ) . +0 In the plasma region , the flow is governed by the usual compressible MHD equations , while in the vacuum region we consider the Maxwell system for the electric and the magnetic fields , in order to investigate the well-posedness of the problem , in particular in relation with the electric field in vacuum . We consider the free boundary problem for the plasma-vacuum interface in ideal compressible magnetohydrodynamics ( MHD ) . +1 Given a random ( or deterministic ) subset X of D one can define the scaling dimension of X using either Lebesgue measure or this random measure . We derive a general quadratic relation between these two dimensions , which we view as a probabilistic formulation of the KPZ relation from conformal field theory . +0 A statistical mechanical model of neocortical interactions , developed by the author and tested successfully in describing short-term memory and EEG indicators , is the proposed model . This product can be used for decision support for projects ranging from diplomatic , information , military , and economic ( DIME ) factors of propagation/evolution of ideas , to commercial sales , trading indicators across sectors of financial markets , advertising and political campaigns , etc . +0 The lack of strict numerical convergence from these idealized configurations suggest that quantitative predictions of the ejected elemental abundances that are generated by binary white dwarf collision and merger simulations should be viewed with caution . However , even the highest resolution models do not quite achieve strict numerical convergence , due to the challenge of properly resolving small-scale burning and energy transport . +1 More precisely , we prove existence and uniqueness for 2BSDEs with a generator which is Lipschitz in $ z $ and uniformly continuous with linear growth in $ y $ . Moreover , we emphasize throughout the paper the major difficulties and differences due to the 2BSDE framework . +0 With the mobile reactor , a precision slightly better than from current global fit data is possible , while with a power reactor , the accuracy can be reduced to less than 1 % . Furthermore , we study the precision that can be achieved for the solar parameters , $ \sin^2 2\theta_ { 12 } $ and $ \Delta m_ { 21 } ^2 $ , with a mobile reactor and with a conventional power station . +1 The current sample includes 92 RR Lyrae-six of them are new identifications-and 20 Anomalous Cepheids , one of which is new identification . The analysis of the Bailey diagram shows that the luminosity amplitude of the first overtone component in double-mode variables is located along the long-period tail of regular first overtone variables , while the fundamental component is located along the short-period tale of regular fundamental variables . +1 In the frame of a Gaussian model , we derive the probability distribution of P & amp ; Ls and analyze its moments ( mean , variance , skewness and kurtosis ) and asymptotic behavior ( quantiles ) . We show that the asymmetry of the distribution ( with often small losses and less frequent but significant profits ) is reminiscent to trend following strategies and less dependent on peculiarities of price variations . +0 Contradictions in previous publications on hadroproduction of $ B_c $ mesons are clarified . In contrast , in hadroproduction , which at high energies mainly involves gluon -- gluon collisions , the fragmentation mechanism dominates at transverse momenta $ p_T & gt ; m_ { B_c } $ , providing a simple and satisfactory approximation of the complete $ O ( \alpha_s^4 ) $ results in the high- $ p_T $ regime . +0 We find that in case of imploding null dust collapse scenarios field outgoing singular null geodesics including the cauchy horizon can be immersed between two Vaidya spacetimes as null boundary layers with non vanishing positive energy density . We examine here whether energy can escape physically from naked singular regions to reach either a local or a distant observer within the framework of general relativity . +1 We prove that as $ p\uparrow\infty $ , $ \b_p\to\sqrt { \a 2\ln 2 } $ . Moreover , we show that for any $ \a & gt ; 0 $ and for all inverse temperatures $ \b $ , the free energy converges to that of the REM at inverse temperature $ \b/\sqrt\a $ . +0 Friedman previously identified positivity of canonical energy , E , as a criterion for dynamic stability and argued that all rotating stars are dynamically unstable to sufficiently nonaxisymmetric perturbations ( the CFS instability ) , so our main focus is on axisymmetric stability . We prove that for a star in dynamic equilibrium , the necessary and sufficient condition for thermodynamic equilibrium ( extremum of total entropy S ) is constancy of angular velocity ( \Omega ) , redshifted temperature , and redshifted chemical potential . +1 All four lens systems were modeled with PixeLens , Lenstool , glafic , and Lensmodel . The input data and parameterization of each lens model was similar for the four model programs used to highlight differences in the output results . +0 These simulations allow us to follow robustly the formation and evolution of the central cusp over a large mass range of 10^11 to 10^14 M_sun , down to approximately 0.5 % of the virial radius , and from redshift 5 to the present . We use numerical simulations in a Lambda CDM cosmology to model density profiles in a set of 16 dark matter haloes with resolutions of up to 7 million particles within the virial radius . +0 This interference is a direct result of quantum exchange statistics , however , it is observed only in the joint probability to find the particles in two separated detectors . Very much like the ubiquitous quantum interference of a single particle with itself , quantum interference of two independent , but indistinguishable , particles is also possible .