0	We explore the use of such relations for feature generation in the next section .
1	We also derive the Expectation Maximization ( EM ) algorithm to optimize the joint policy represented as DBNs .
0	The components may be positioned far from each other in the text .
1	Communicative interactions involve a kind of procedural knowledge that is used by the human brain for the elaboration of verbal and nonverbal inputs and for language production .
0	We next describe an iterative method for identifying a small set of parameters that includes all of the useful parameters .
1	We showed how ultrametric topology provides a most useful representational and computational framework for this .
0	The term introduced with the return keyword is a function that computes the type expected by a particular branch and also the type of the entire pattern matching .
1	Our autoencoder formulation enables efficient learning without making unrealistic independence assumptions or restricting the kinds of features that can be used .
0	When no coordination is allowed between resources we are ruling out not only strategy correlation but also joint planning .
1	We prove that this proposed methodology out performs word embedding methods trained on generic corpus and methods trained on domain specific corpus but do not use lexical semantic similarity methods to augment the results .
0	Hence the competence of the case base is not so crucial for the quality of the solution plan .
1	The proposed scheme requires fewer samples to converge due to reduction in sampling variance .
0	Dimensionality How many dimensions should we allocate for each feature ?
1	This paper presents a feature weighting method for Document Image Retrieval System ( DIRS ) based on keyword spotting .
0	We choose a model with one stochastic layer and two deterministic layers as the default setting .
1	Those representations have been shown to capture both semantic and syntactic information about words .
0	The test data contain 19 million events occurring after the events in the training data .
1	The World Wide Web ( WWW ) allows the people to share the information ( data ) from the large database repositories globally .
0	A newer method called SuperSim ( Turney 2013 ) does not require Web searching .
1	The algorithm applies to Relational Pairwise Models which are ( relational ) products of potentials of arity 2 .
0	For document classification we experiment with 4 datasets : 1 .
1	Experiments show that our analysis achieves a good result with parsing of simple sentences and three types of complex sentences .
0	We conduct extensive empirical studies to demonstrate the effectiveness of our methods in creating better visual QA datasets .
1	This paper addresses the situation where some of the components evolve on a time scale that is much shorter compared to the time scale of the other components .
0	Examples of such extensions include representing interactions involving multiple domain objects ( Brand et al .
1	It consists in the textural analysis of the script types .
0	A Bayesian network over V is a compact representation for a probability distribution Pr over V .
1	The policy network serves as a local guidance by providing the confidence of predicting the next word according to the current state .
0	A sight ( say of a scene containing a mountain ) may give rise to a concept of a mountain .
1	This work describes a system that performs morphological analysis and generation of Pali words .
0	We will use the valuation algebra on Boolean functions from example 1to build a counterexample for it .
1	This abstract policy is also a better fit to the properties that practitioners in LSST problem domains require for such methods to be widely useful .
0	We anticipate that most of the words will be replaced by lemmas .
1	The proposed approach clearly outperforms existing approaches on the sets of medium and large sized instances .
0	We now prove that optimizing any function of l over R1 is equivalent to optimizing the same over R2 .
1	This integrative approach tackles semantic parsing as a word pair classification problem using a maximum entropy classifier .
0	Trying to produce feasible paths from scratch with local search ( or even with evolutionary algorithms [ XMZT97 ] ) is not a good idea due the randomness of the initial solution .
1	We identify reducibility of the task graph as a sufficient condition for this learning process to converge .
0	Pretests showed that employing a half second delay is a good solution to this problem .
1	Language is a social phenomenon and inherent to its social nature is that it is constantly changing .
0	Proceedings of the IJCAI Workshop on Basic Ontological Issues in Knowledge Sharing .
1	This paper develops an inconsistency measure on conditional probabilistic knowledge bases .
0	The subjective sentences are those sentences having useful information for the sentiment analysis .
1	The original instantiation of the algorithm is a highly stochastic algorithm .
0	In this section we consider the special case of P ( ) that arise from a parameterized class of randomized policies controlling a partially observable Markov decision process ( POMDP ) .
1	In this work we highlight the challenges and problems in providing the required tools and techniques for processing texts written in Kurdish .
0	Parse Trees of Arabic Sentences Using the Natural Language Toolkit .
1	This allows us to deploy a high quality voice activity detector with no additional memory or maintenance requirements .
0	The unit sends an SMS using Hayes command ( AT Command ) .
1	Proper transliteration of name entities plays a very significant role in improving the quality of machine translation .
0	This only works if we assume that no other skin like objects is present in the scene .
1	Our formulation keeps the problem convex and relatively large problems can be solved efficiently using the projected gradient or analytic center cutting plane methods .
0	The agent UA is responsible for delivering all information necessary to perform the requested task .
1	Electronic health records capture patient information using structured controlled vocabularies and unstructured narrative text .
0	The DBN for any time step T is shown in Fig .
1	The performance of Decision trees and Bayesian machine learning algorithms on noun declensions are discussed .
0	We can now relate probabilistic equivalence and the multiagent belief as follows .
1	Progress in unifying logical and probabilistic inference has been slower .
0	Human annotators were asked which EDUs were most important ; suppose in the example DStree ( Figure 1 ) the annotators marked the second and fifth EDUs ( the starred ones ) .
1	Morphological Analysis is an important branch of linguistics for any Natural Language Processing Technology .
0	This random spreading diversifies the bacteria population preparing it for the next program iteration .
1	Extensive validations on both short and normal texts testify the outperformance of WNTM as compared to baseline methods .
0	One way of overcoming the costly computation of the Kantorovich LP for every iteration is to use cost reoptimization .
1	the words characterizing the context ) and target ( ambiguous ) words to solve ambiguities in written texts .
0	( 1 ) This formulation does not make exact inference any easier because the number of such distributions that we have to consider is still exponential in the number of sources .
1	This paper proposes an algorithm to implement aspect level sentiment analysis .
0	For an unseen instance the label y is not known at the prediction time when we need to augment the input space .
1	We empirically validate our theorems at large scale using data from the social networking site Twitter .
0	We therefore applied the attention model [ 9 ] in our experiments .
1	To develop Dictation System like Dragon for Indian languages it is most important to adapt the system to a speaker with minimum training .
0	Error in some other nodes is because the classification function value is very close for 2 out of the 3 classes .
1	Our experimental results shade light on the contribution of neural character embeddings for NER .
0	Each problem can be specified using a two layer bipartite graph in which the top layer consists of diseases and the bottom layer consists of symptoms .
1	The three grid moves are legal transformations as they preserve the statistical distribution of hamming distances in each grid block .
0	We only need to consider x1 : k when nding multiple top MRE explanations .
1	This work presents an optimal binary representational schema for letters of the Sanskrit alphabet along with algorithms to efficiently process the sandhi rules of Sanskrit grammar .
0	We have to develop an optimum rule for this classification .
1	The outcome of the game is obtained via a linear program that solves the corresponding minmax optimization problem over this outcome .
0	We can use this assumption to compare different models by asking each model to estimate the probability of a previously unseen document .
1	This document describes the models and software used to build our solution .
0	( This restriction is crucial for proving Claim 3.8 . )
1	Empirical results in the SMT literature are shown to support the hypothesis that a few linguistic facts can be very useful to anticipate the reordering characteristics of a language pair and to select the SMT framework that best suits them .
0	Web application can be used to build this game framework .
1	We explore the use of deep learning hierarchical models for problems in financial prediction and classification .
0	The parameters associated with all other discrete actions are ignored .
1	A distinguishing property of human intelligence is the ability to flexibly use language in order to communicate complex ideas with other humans in a variety of contexts .
0	Summarization is carried out by ranking the sentences according to the topic signature score and selecting the top ranked ones .
1	The procedure for forecasting SFR are rigid and most often times require data scaling or conversion into binary form such as is the case of the logistic model which may lead to lose of information and effect size attenuation .
0	A valuation I ( under M ) is a mapping of syntactic variables to model objects .
1	We show that our novel TDOA tracking algorithm that integrates a manifold model can greatly outperform standard particle filters on this audio tracking task .
0	This was highlighted especially by the experiments on rare lexical units .
1	We also propose the use of online expert mixing algorithms to adapt to unknown smoothness of the regression function .
0	The spoken voice frequency lies between 300 to 3400 Hertz .
1	It is based onsampling of nodes by performing a random walk on the graph .
0	Figure 5 ( a ) shows an aspect of noise injection .
1	We propose metrics for measuring the robustness of a neural net and devise a novel algorithm for approximating these metrics based on an encoding of robustness as a linear program .
0	Further experiments measuring the recall of the system are necessary .
1	Also issues related to it help us to understand the language in a more detailed way .
0	Sentiment analysis can seemingly work on user reviews without active user involvement .
1	This leads to the notion of conditional word similarity : how meanings of words change when conditioned on different attributes .
0	Our analysis was also somewhat shallow due to time constraints .
1	Its core feature is the alignment of the business rule definition with the business vocabulary which ensures traceability and consistency with the business domain .
0	Separate columns are formed with blocks that are put on the top of each other as shown in Fig .
1	Learning from large datasets has been a challenge irrespective of the Machine Learning approach used .
0	38 : State of the Art of Web Usability Guidelines .
1	Thai language with its unique linguistic characteristics requires a unique RS tree construction technique .
0	This definition is the key to avoid circularity in the following definitions .
1	Empirical studies on benchmark tasks of object recognition and sentiment analysis validated our modeling assumptions and demonstrated significant improvement of our method over competing ones in classification accuracies .
0	Triangulation is an important way of strengthening research findings in the social sciences .
1	Markov logic uses weighted formulas to compactly encode a probability distribution over possible worlds .
0	Evaluation for open relations is a difficult task with no standard evaluation datasets .
1	The problems that are existing in ASR and the various techniques to solve these problems constructed by various research workers have been presented in a chronological order .
0	This section observes that variational methods have a special structure that allows derivatives to be calculated without explicitly forming or inverting a linear system .
1	We rank sentences of a text according to their FI and select 30 percent of the most difficult sentences .
0	We applied our parsing model and several variations of it to several parsing tasks and report results below .
1	Programming language Java and database management system MySql is used to implement the designing tool and lexicon database respectively .
0	The key is in developing subgradient optimality conditions for a pair that satisfies the additional side constraints of the oracle problem ( 7 ) .
1	Any existing text can be annotated without a significant increase in size .
0	The use of the RDF model will allow us later to check the conformity of the technical document with the standards of the photovoltaic domain .
1	Is my communication and the didactic design adapted to my students ?
0	Different graph topologies correspond to different constraints on the set of admissible alignments A .
1	In this paper a Hindi language opinion mining system is proposed .
0	This allows us to study the spread of the residuals from the mean values of our performance measure ( customer waiting time ) for the simulation models and the real system and therefore to compare the variability of the output data on a statistical basis .
1	Natural language processing provides a framework to automatize the process .
0	Weights are sometimes mentioned as neurons [ 2 ] as SOMs are actually neural networks .
1	The hyperclimbing hypothesis is a hypothetical explanation for adaptation in genetic algorithms with uniform crossover ( UGAs ) .
0	[ 6 ] presented a novel approach to improve Punjabi to Hindi transliteration by combining a basic character to character mapping approach with rule based and Soundex based enhancements .
1	Statistical methods have been widely employed in many practical natural language processing applications .
0	We can compute this answer in our system by changing exact_reify above to a call to sampling twice .
1	Model transformations operate on models conforming to precisely defined metamodels .
0	This component is present only in which are not text base dialogue systems .
1	This task can be realized by applying preliminary a learning phase where the model determines the most effective strategies against clusters of opponent teams .
0	We evaluate this task adhering to the SemEval 2007 shared task evaluation setup .
1	The conceptual modelling built from text is rarely an ontology .
0	Though this is a fairly weak condition we still needed to verify that this was satisfied before we used the result .
1	Sentiment analysis aims to use automated tools to detect subjective information from reviews .
0	The results are given in Table 1 and shows the existence of high correlations .
1	The aim of TempEval is to advance research on temporal information processing .
0	This score also depends on the current state of the world .
1	Relational Markov Decision Processes are a useful abstraction for complex reinforcement learning problems and stochastic planning problems .
0	The problem is thus brought back to computing the distance between the two sets of points .
1	The classification of opinion texts in positive and negative is becoming a subject of great interest in sentiment analysis .
0	This echoes the results from our models as illustrated in Figure 2 .
1	Matching the important units between sequences is a key to solve these problems .
0	Statistical Methodologies We started our experiment with the traditional methodology of collocation detection .
1	We have provided an overall picture of what is involved in developing a software system for opinion mining on the basis of our survey and analysis .
0	Experience replay is also used to increase the efficiency and stability of the auxiliary control tasks .
1	We evaluate the fidelity and plausibility of 3D scenes generated with our grounding approach through human judgments .
0	This is done to allow the ability to comprehend a document using neither prior nor external knowledge to be evaluated .
1	We broadly divide the metrics into several categories and describe each individual metric with its underlying qualitative significance .
0	( 5 ) We now start to analyze the various terms in this expression .
1	Employing different translation resources with different characteristics has many challenges .
0	Let X be a linearly ordered set with exactly 6 elements .
1	This would allow to provide a filtered subset of trends to end users .
0	( 2 ) We will summarize the most common options for the f function in the next sections .
1	A new policy representation allows us to represent solutions compactly .
0	The definition we use seems to be the most convenient for the goal of characterizing learnability in the General Learning Setting .
1	Collaborative data consist of ratings relating two distinct sets of objects : users and items .
0	We first observe the following properties of the set S. Claim .
1	This work extends the set of works which deal with the popular problem of sentiment analysis in Twitter .
0	The stationary probability of the sampled node is then updated using a stochastic approximation of the ODE involving stationary distribution and the PageRank matrix .
1	We propose using recognition networks for approximate inference inBayesian networks ( BNs ) .
0	We used the same architecture than SRL for the sentence approach network .
1	We have processed over 30 thousand user browsing sessions extracted from usage logs of DBPedia and Semantic Web Dog Food .
0	We introduce many new operators in the algebra to enable writing of rules based on visual regions .
1	We consider a framework for structured prediction based on search in the space of complete structured outputs .
0	We make up for proper antecedents as part of the next notion : Definition 3.14 .
1	However it is fair to say that in 2010 the HMM is the consensus model of choice for speech recognition and that HMMs are at the heart of both commercially available products and contemporary research systems .
0	PERSIAN NEURAL TRANSLATION MODEL In this section we define the issue for Persian translation and the preprocessing needs to be done before feeding the input into the model .
1	Existing approaches mainly focus on developing automatic supervised learning based methods to help users identify deceptive opinion spams .
0	Note that for a fair comparison we filtered these evaluations to only include items that are present in the smaller vocabulary .
1	This approach leads to regret bounds that are stronger than those of standard online gradient descent for general online convex optimization problems .
0	This ensured a constant size of the feature set in spite of variable number of Evidence fragments per instance .
1	We present an application of Artificial Intelligence techniques to the field of Information Security .
0	We have the following property of the expected distance function as a special case of previous two theorems .
1	Our method was able to select two label refinements out of a set of candidate label refinements that both had a positive effect on model precision .
0	We also had optional comment boxes so that Turkers can leave us their thoughts on the annotation process .
1	The overall performance of a general stoplist was better than the other two lists .
0	In this section we describe the details of our language model and how we learn our network .
1	Several techniques have been used to generate weather forecast texts .
0	The set of arms S ( t ) depends on the particular model of side observations .
1	Software rejuvenation is a proactive fault management technique aimed at cleaning up the system internal state to prevent the occurrence of more severe crash failures in the future .
0	It turned out that conducting the experiments with the data we collected during our case study did not provide us with a satisfactory match to the performance data of the real system .
1	We study propagation algorithms for the conjunction of two AllDifferent constraints .
0	The next value specifies the position before the next string position a matcher will be tried at .
1	These encodings reflect in turn the fact that our change operators do not increase the complexity of the base formalism .
0	We pause here to explain choices made in the language definition .
1	The results also demonstrates that the predicted labels are sometimes better than human estimates labels e.g .
0	We start by proving the following theorem : Theorem 3 .
1	; we assume the indegree of each node is bounded by a constant .
0	Manhattan and Euclidean Distances Distance between two points ( words ) in multidimensional space can be calculated using the Manhattan distance a.k.a .
1	We present a neural network architecture and training method designed to enable very rapid training and low implementation complexity .
0	The main advantage of using syntax based approaches is that they provide detailed information about the structure of a sentence .
1	Our results match with experimental data and point out some relevant knowledge coming from psychological domain .
0	Two lexical chains LCi and LCj go into the same cluster if their sentence occurrence vectors Vi and Vj are similar .
1	It further presents another algorithm that uses the sandhi processor to generate the possible transformed word forms of a given word to use in a comprehensive word search .
0	Function space was designed to capture the functional role of a word .
1	The requirement that no third party could detect either the input or strategy profile would need to be satisfied by this scheme .
0	The fringe will be sorted and in the next iteration the agent will choose the first one to make an offer on .
1	An intelligent interactive interface design for folksonomies should consider the contextual design and inquiry based on a concurrent interaction for a perceptual user interfaces .
0	This is possible since forward and backward propagation are computed sequentially along tree traversal paths so that inputs and hidden states of parents and siblings can be grouped into tensors and operated in batch .
1	The method is evaluated on English and French data previously used for monolingual alignment .
0	This construction will help us in deriving the algorithm for the unknown s case which are explored by second and third subproblems .
1	The system is then able to infer phrases from a given image sample .
0	We have limited ourselves to the Charniak parse tree provided with the CoNLL 2005 data .
1	A key question then is how to automatically generate the attacks .
0	A Detailed procedure of Hankeliztion is given in Appendix A .
1	The problem of document clustering has two main components : ( 1 ) to represent the document in such a form that inherently captures semantics of the text .
0	The next phase is to recognize segments of the character .
1	This paper introduces the performance evaluation of statistical approaches for TextIndependent speaker recognition system using source feature .
0	A much more promising approach would be to test directly whether or not a candidate clause is a prime implicate without considering all of the other candidate clauses .
1	This shows that the DCA can produce anomaly detection results to the same standard as an established technique .
0	Figure 3 shows the superimposed results from all three agents .
1	Encouraging results confirm the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithms .
0	1 ) Softmax loss : Softmax loss is a commonly used loss function which is essentially a combination of multinomial logistic loss and softmax .
1	The method assumes Beta priors and can be used to learn maximum likelihood parameters when the priors are uninformative .
0	Each of Information sector has their own specific character as a definition for each of sector .
1	We focus especially on abstract concepts and emotions to show that even they tend to have strong colour associations .
0	Figure 15 summarises the AIO algorithm for computing all building blocks and the partition function .
1	Now a days fuzzy systems are being used successfully in an increasing number of application areas ; they use linguistic rules to describe systems .
0	Twelve aftershocks that are included in the dataset are associated with this main shock .
1	My system utilizes the outcomes feature found in Moodle and other learning content management systems ( LCMSs ) to keep track of where students are in terms of what language competencies they have mastered and the competencies they need to get where they want to go .
0	We have drawn some of our algorithmic motivation from work in the machine learning community .
1	To form an answer both deduction and plausible reasoning are used .
0	Figure 18 shows this new student game information system as combination game information system and new student information system .
1	This formulation yields a submodular function of the features that corresponds to a lower bound on the model evidence .
0	There is no standard division of this corpus into training and testing sets .
1	On the basis of our findings we hypothesize that inherent ultrametricty is a basis for further exploring unconscious thought processes .
0	We now present the generalized Bayesian logistic supervised topic models .
1	Recent work has achieved efficient and accurate inference on such problems using Markov chain Monte Carlo ( MCMC ) techniques with customized proposal distributions .
0	It seems that removing reward clipping makes learning unstable in absence of auxiliary tasks .
1	Existing algorithms targeting this problem have been developed in a haphazard manner .
0	... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .. 64 Table 4.2 : Attached diacritics with their positions relative to base characters .
1	Moreover in our point of view current LOD cloud is not a suitable base for our proposal in all informational domains .
0	Then Theorem 1 implies that in this case the bound in ( 19 ) holds verbatim .
1	Our theoretical results show that the wrong choice of constraint processing method can lead to exponential increase in computational complexity .
0	Linearity of the loss and convexity of M are the key mechanism which allows us to obtain our stronger results .
1	A proper evaluation measure is also crucial in the context of a machine learning approach to the problem .
0	Basing classifiers on the extracted key phrases instead of on reviews has significantly improved the quality of automatic classification .
1	Scene understanding is one of the computer vision problems that fall into this category .
0	We then cleaned and annotated 247 of them by hand .
1	Selection of features is so important in CRF that the better are the features then the better are the outputs .
0	e drawbacks are that the approach needs training data to train the models on .
1	This words list can be used for preparing a small text which can be used for collecting speech sample while training the dictation system .
0	The next step is to identify relations between noun phrases or between a noun phrase and a question phrase .
1	We demonstrate the efficacy of this annotation on three languages and develop algorithms to evaluate and compare underspecified annotations .
0	The algorithms of segmentation ( and summarization ) of a text based on Lexical Chains could be adapted for Coreference Chains .
1	This workshop is the first step to foster the reflection on the interdisciplinarity and the benefits that the two disciplines Bibliometrics and Natural Language Processing can drive from it .
0	Pairs of textual units are considered in isolation for making alignment decisions .
1	This research lays the ground work for recommendation in a MOOC and other digital learning environments where high volumes of sequential data exist .
0	Here we further investigate the source and significance of this discrepancy with the findings of Piantadosi et al .
1	We demonstrate on a variety of practical problem instances that we are often able to improve upon existing bounds by several orders of magnitude .
0	The process starts by capturing relevant information from video corpora .
1	Language of a reasonable subject is generated by vague events which are created by the reason and which are operated by the mind .
0	We evaluated both models presented in this paper on a standard answer selection dataset .
1	We present an automated solution for rapid diagnosis of client device problems in private cloud environments : the Intelligent Automated Client Diagnostic ( IACD ) system .
0	Theorem 3 shows that recovering the MAP estimate of the NMRF is in P and is cubic in the number of vertices .
1	We compiled several relevant and appropriate requirement quality attributes and sentence rules from previous literatures and adopt it to come out with a set of ambiguity attributes that most suit Malay words .
0	Converting each representation to unit vectors ensures that the weights of one representation do not dominate the other .
1	One of the core tasks in computing the minimax regret policy is to obtain the set of all policies that can be optimal for some candidate reward function .
0	We have extracted 500 topics from WikiNews using Topic Modeling with MALLET .
1	We discuss the relevance and interest of a motor theory of perception in sign language communication .
0	All implementations and experiments were conducted in the MATLAB environment .
1	The main concepts and features are explained with examples before syntax and semantics of the DL SROIQ are defined in detail .
0	By the inductive hypothesis there exists a simultaneous matching in it .
1	Our experiments show that our approach improves translation quality and is comparable to approaches that employ more informative feedback in learning .
0	This validates the importance of the proposed lookahead inference that utilizes both local and global guidance .
1	Face and ear images are convolved with Gabor wavelet filters to extracts spatially enhanced Gabor facial features and Gabor ear features .
0	It is important to note that the prior probability of hBOA models defined in eq .
1	This paper proposes a new approach to KR : the notion of task logical KR based on Computability Logic .
0	3 ) that we use for word clustering is indomain data .
1	We show that the STM is a more predictive model of language than current models based only on syntax or only on topics .
0	( iii ) How closely related must the two languages be to achieve good results ?
1	Experiments show that our system is quite generic that shows encouraging performance levels on all the three language pairs in all the domains .
0	The more recent approach of Chapter 7 makes strong independence assumptions for the sake of scaling .
1	Holding commercial negotiations and selecting the best supplier in supply chain management systems are among weaknesses of producers in production process .
0	These values were consistent with the patterns of positive and negative transfer observed in Figure 2 .
1	The mapping is then used to replace the Amharic linguistic text back to form the original Amharic letters text .
0	The largest double wheel graph that we have seen graceful labelled in the literature4 has size 10 .
1	In this paper we show the development of the tagger .
0	It is expected that sparse representation will also improve performance of a disk based implementation .
1	We detail the effect of varying a single and multiple parameters from a conditional probability table and present a computational procedure for establishing bounds between which assessments for these parameters can be varied without inducing a change in the recommended decision .
0	We can think of the actions as being the verbs in a sequence of sentences describing the attack .
1	Chinese characters have a complex and hierarchical graphical structure carrying both semantic and phonetic information .
0	MultiStream : speech recognition training graph with asynchronous feature streams based on [ 34 ] .
1	Such an approach improves the interpretability of the automatically obtained topics and allows for better computational performance .
0	One should note that this method does not produce sparse weights online .
1	The effectiveness of these algorithmic approaches to online learning for structured prediction is also discussed .
0	We start from an empty placement and derive coverage profiles recursively from the base case in which v is a leaf ( Line 1 ) .
1	It is based on a global table that contains undefined information and on a unique extraction script including all operations to be performed for all tables .
0	The ELKB finds the correct answer by using the technique presented in section 4.4.1 .
1	It is the most effective way for quick translation of tremendous amount of explosively increasing science and technique information material to develop a practicable machine translation system and introduce it into translation practice .
0	A PRAM consists of two main parts : ( 1 ) A prior knowledge representing a probability distribution P0 over initial world states in a relational model .
1	Segmenting and linking the entities present within the hashtags could therefore help in better understanding and extraction of information shared across the social media .
0	The following line is an example of an irregular declension file line .
1	It avoids one of the most controversial issue of Bayesian methodology namely the assumption of prior probability .
0	Note : The algorithms proposed in this paper are generic and are suitable for proper names of any language .
1	That is why ; in order to digitize documents properly they should be prepossessed carefully .
0	We note that for these problems predictive accuracy is the primary concern .
1	This method is better than existing ones because usage of RBF leads to better accuracy and speed in convergence .
0	We expect function words to be dominated by local context and content words to be determined more by the themes of the document .
1	We assess its consistency by checking the accuracy obtained by successive active learning steps on two benchmark datasets MNIST and USPS .
0	The word pairs chosen ranged from very similar and almost synonymous to unrelated .
1	We present a system for recognising human activity given a symbolic representation of video content .
0	Results for these hypothesis tests are given in Tables 1 and 2 .
1	We also focus on scalable training algorithms and investigate noise contrastive estimation and diagonal contexts as sources for further speed improvements .
0	int headCount ( ) Returns the number of Heads in this Section .
1	HEALER will be deployed in the real world in early Spring 2016 and is currently undergoing testing at a homeless shelter .
0	Hence the node okJ is removed from the Bayesian network in Figure 2 .
1	[ 18 ] developed a method to solve planning problems by maximumlikelihood estimation .
0	A CSP is domain consistent iff every constraint is domain consistent .
1	Social media is a tantalizing data source for those who wish to monitor such signals .
0	The softmax output transformation is used when we are interested in modeling a probability distribution over the possible output classes .
1	Extensive experiments show that our model can learn better topics and more accurate word distributions for each topic .
0	We now describe in detail how we estimate pose similarities .
1	The advantages of such a scheme is that the user need not be aware of any of the topological peculiarities of the stochastic data distribution .
0	We utilize this intuition to give a formal definition of smoothness .
1	Acyclicity constraints are added to the integer program ( IP ) during solving in the form of cutting planes .
0	We measured word use in a number of psycholinguistic categories as defined by the Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count ( LIWC ) dictionary [ 16 ] .
1	This paper presents the contribution of ontology to modeling scenarii for rail accidents through a knowledge model based on a generic ontology and domain ontology .
0	Similar reduction to the template list entries can be applied to a few items below .
1	This paper considers the problem of sentiment classification using different feature selection methods for online customer reviews in Persian language .
0	NCE generates a few negative samples for each positive data sample .
1	Twin Support Vector Machines ( TWSVMs ) have proved to be an efficient alternative to Support Vector Machine ( SVM ) for learning from imbalanced datasets .
0	The file is passed with the enhancement module for removal of the additive noise in the recorded file .
1	Modified policy iteration ( MPI ) is a dynamic programming ( DP ) algorithm that contains the two celebrated policy and value iteration methods .
0	Subsection IV.B provides the ModelCC ASM specification of the general natural language .
1	Manual ranking of these outputs tends to be very time consuming and expensive .
0	The average past_retweet rate was 0.117 and standard deviation was 0.15 .
1	We investigate three different methods of integrating these models into a single model representing the combined knowledge sources .
0	The main drawback of these methods is the introduction of an artificial noise called residual noise .
1	The soft measure also enables MRE to capture the intuitive phenomenon of explaining away encoded in Bayesian networks .
0	[ 6 ] in 2010 investigated the influence of query expansion using WordNet in EnglishHindi CLIR system .
1	This formalization makes it possible to establish the conditions under which some Turing machine will pass the Turing test and the conditions under which every Turing machine ( or every Turing machine of the special class ) will fail the Turing test .
0	C.1 Principles The main factors that were taken into account in the scoring framework are illustrated next .
1	The experimental results show the effectiveness of this architecture at recovering latent tree structure in sequences and at mapping sentences to simple functional programs .
0	The second group of patterns provides a simplified account of the original text in a few different flavors .
1	Our model learns a common representation for images and their descriptions in two different languages ( which need not be parallel ) by considering the image as a pivot between two languages .
0	The verb phrases of our dataset are based on the 5 ambiguous verbs of Table 1 .
1	The principal focus of the study was to evaluate the utility of the CDOI for predictive modeling of outcomes in a live clinical setting .
0	This allows for better representation of semantic properties of words compared to traditional language models ( wherein words are represented as indices in a vocabulary set ) .
1	This model employs seasonal differentiation so as to take into account of the temporally repetitive nature of mobile traffic .
0	This will help lay a foundation for exploring differences in values and perspective between fields .
1	This survey would cover various approaches and methodology used in Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining in general .
0	This is the most widely used dataset upon which SRL systems for English have been developed and tested .
1	Experimental results show the effectiveness of our proposition over traditional IR approaches .
0	Concept of homophilic association suggests that users of same age category tend to follow each other more .
1	Most of the existing information retrieval systems are based on bag of words model and are not equipped with common world knowledge .
0	The following can be derived now from Corollary 3.9 : Corollary 3.10 .
1	The first method extends the semantic similarity between words to the reviews level .
0	Two kinds of T ime are distinguished in a document : implicit temporal information and explicit temporal information .
1	( 3 ) How can we decompose intractable problems with universally quantified rewards into tractable subproblems ?
0	The nearest prototype to xj and an optimal solution m ( j ) x can be efficiently found using a lookup table as follows .
1	We also show how the regret is affected if the graphs are allowed to vary with time .
0	We have studied how the time needed to process a query depends on the language pair and also on the number and frequencies of the words in the query .
1	An aspect tree is formed which has various levels and weights are assigned to each branch to identify level of aspect .
0	Feature 26 is symmetrical to Feature 25 : it is the number of times the user is mentioned by others .
1	Named entity recognition ( NER ) is a popular domain of natural language processing .
0	The Great Deluge algorithm ( GD ) is a genetic algorithm applied to optimization problems .
1	Weincorporate a very basic type of selection bias in our network : a knownpreference that available observables are positive rather than negative.Even this simple bias has a significant effect on the posterior .
0	One solution which was proposed in the context of approximation of description logic concepts ( cf .
1	Our experiments show that such a method would outperform most of the existing methods in producing summaries from large documents .
0	This corpus contains data from 20 children interacting with one of their parents .
1	This service can effectively develop the trust of the customer however normally the customer comments about the product in their native language using Roman script .
0	When document and link representations are combined they are both converted to unit vectors and concatenated .
1	The computed OCD is vowel dependent and varies over a wide range .
0	The method is useful in separating modifiers with italic characters as well ( Figure 13 ) .
1	It will be observed that the BCO and ACO approaches are on par .
0	Suppose to have divide speech stream to N windows and extract pitch frequency for each window independently .
1	The article converts graphical models into nand Markov random fields which are straightforward to relax into linear programs .
0	Our primary goal is to achieve a better understanding of what our model is and is not learning .
1	A rebus method of representing similar sounding words of the lingua franca of the artisans was used in Indus script .
0	The number of mistakes increases markedly when less common words or phrases are included in the character sequence .
1	Many real incidents demonstrate that users of Online Social Networks need mechanisms that help them manage their interactions by increasing the awareness of the different contexts that coexist in Online Social Networks and preventing them from exchanging inappropriate information in those contexts or disseminating sensitive information from some contexts to others .
0	The algorithm successively derives probabilistic bipartite graphs for every level in the hierarchy .
1	Such behaviours are typically made available as long traces of system actions which would benefit from a natural language explanation of the trace and especially in the context of business logic level specifications .
0	The fragment of DCS which has only join and aggregate relations is called basic DCS .
1	Our early work was based on a limited corpus of English travel literature to Greece in the 17 th century .
0	From the given figures it is possible to draw the following conclusions : 1 ) The CCPM method gives the full set of candidates on the true solution .
1	The reduction of daily translation costs is expected to offset the initial development costs within a few years .
0	There are two kinds of clause in a complex sentence called independent clause ( IC ) and dependent clause ( DC ) .There must be at least one independent clause in a sentence .
1	In all cases the algorithm identifies the presence of a motif population in a fast and efficient manner due to the utilisation of an intuitive symbolic representation .
0	( 2010 ) ) ; the rest of our analysis does not depend on this stochastic assumption .
1	This paper proposes a novel framework for generating lingual descriptions of indoor scenes .
0	The temporal distribution of speeches relating to this topic is illustrated in Fig .
1	Many tasks in Natural Language Processing involve recognizing lexical entailment .
0	They focus on collaboration among several email domains in order to increase the coverage of senders .
1	In this we are calculating the probabilities for name entities ( Proper names and location ) .
0	Source and target nouns are clustered into concepts represented by WordNet synsets .
1	Experiments on TAC2008 and TAC2009 demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach .
0	( 2015 ) demonstrates the ability of deep learning paired with guided policy search to learn manipulation policies on a physical robot .
1	The construction of a reference ontology for a large domain still remains an hard human task .
0	This section provides an overview of the features used in our model .
1	Such causal relations correspond to directed paths in a causal model .
0	From the aforementioned example the two key requirements that make a malware detection process effective can be identified : ( R1 ) Capturing structural information .
1	Syntactic analysis is used to understand the grammatical structure of a natural language sentence .
0	The increased size of the Yelp dataset allowed for longer phrases to be extracted relative to SST .
1	To the best of our knowledge naive Bayes has not been used for this purpose before .
0	The weights of the feature extractors are frozen and the fully connected layers are trained on the AVC task in the same manner as our network .
1	These parallel corpora allow us to determine the number of characters and bits needed to represent the same content in different languages and character encodings .
0	Their approach performs local computations of partial lower and upper bounds at each cell and then combines these partial results to give upper and lower bounds .
1	This paper considers the optimal adaptive allocation of measurement effort for identifying the best among a finite set of options or designs .
0	We adopted the query textual features used in [ 5 ] .
1	Empirical evidence is offered supporting this technique as a profitable means of directing sampling effort where it is needed to distinguish policies .
0	This set is constructed by pulling out 10 examples from the training set and treating them as our development set .
1	We then present a general algorithm to minimize local regret with arbitrary locality graphs .
0	Pulses have been regarded as isochronous time spans to represent a time grid at the lowest ( or subdivision ) level of meter .
1	The rules used to build and integrate these maps are expressed by linguistic descriptions and modeled by fuzzy rules .
0	( We have found by eyeball that a prediction cutoff of 0.2 gives a reasonable balance between sensitivity and specificity for our model . )
1	Then augments both features which yielded a significant increase in the accuracy for gender prediction .
0	If the listener lacks many of the underlying layers of concepts then these need to be created bottom up .
1	( 2016 ) and incorporates a copy mechanism proposed independently by Gu et al .
0	The editing module is based on an HTML interface model instantiated with the entry to be edited ( see Figure 11 ) .
1	Our model converses by predicting the next sentence given the previous sentence or sentences in a conversation .
0	All these methods compute a score for each individual feature and then pick out a predefined size of feature set .
1	In our research we investigate the output accuracy of discrete event simulation models and agent based simulation models when studying human centric complex systems .
0	A number of issues are affecting the function tagging for Myanmar language .
1	The latter approach is distributedby its nature and can be easily implemented on several processors or over the network .
0	The class of predictors of the form given in eqn .
1	Comprehensive analyses and discussions were performed on the generated numerical results with respect to the implemented solution methods .
0	In this section we focus on the solution finding problem ( SFP ) .
1	We propose a novel approach that jointly learn the both .
0	All of them used a population size of 100 individuals .
1	Here we explore additional support for this constraint and suggest further connections from quantitative linguistics and information theory .
0	In order to achieve the best possible outcome we decided to combine the two algorithms .
1	We use the largest collection of genealogy person records in the world together with user search query logs to build name matching models .
0	The projection is performed using a fully connected neural network with one hidden layer and tanh activation functions .
1	The analysis shows that this algorithm offers a convergent generalization of approximate policy iteration .
0	GPOMDP does not rely on access to an underlying recurrent state .
1	Contextual bandits are widely used in Internet services from news recommendation to advertising .
0	Note that the update ( 13 ) reverses the word count increment that has been performed earlier .
1	The LDC ( Linguistic Data Consortium ) Arabic Newswire data set was used with the Lemur Toolkit .
0	the root of a subtree ) is the same as the first node in the sequence .
1	The number of features is therefore dramatically reduced and documents can be represented as bag of semantic concepts .
0	Even with such a myopic action selection mechanism we were able to obtain options that clearly demonstrate intent .
1	We furthermore extend our concentration inequality to strongly mixing processes .
0	Our automatically generated summaries were then scored based on the number and weight of the nuggets that they covered .
1	The holistic approach to sustainable urban planning implies using different models in an integrated way that is capable of simulating the urban system .
0	Earlier work on merging operators includes approaches by Baral et al .
1	Here we investigate the embeddings learned by neural machine translation models .
0	The template files describe the model by suffixing the file name with modifications .
1	Many words in documents recur very frequently but are essentially meaningless as they are used to join words together in a sentence .
0	We run this algorithm on proposed 8 benchmarks for different batch sizes 5 and 10 .
1	Experimental results using reviews of movies show the effectiveness of the system .
0	The IntraMove neighborhood is done at the end of the sequence .
1	In this paper we address the option discovery problem by showing how PVFs implicitly define options .
0	The testing dataset is Section 22 of the Penn Treebank plus 1000 sentences from the Question Treebank .
1	Decision making whenever and wherever it is happened is key to organizations success .
0	When a new example is presented a value for the target function can be predicted based on the training instances .
1	This is achieved by substituting the parameter of the number of topics with an alternative parameter that is the minimal goodness of fit of a document .
0	This reformulation helps in the interpretation and it highlights that a reduction in the shrinkage of certain main effects and an increase in the shrinkage of certain interactions .
1	Identifying which one is better or worse than the others is a very taxing task .
0	Removing these examples produces a dataset that is smaller than Unfiltered and with a different bias .
1	This semantics allows us to study equivalent transformations of gringo programs using natural deduction in infinitary propositional logic .
0	Illustration of the signal wave rectified can be seen in Figure 3 .
1	We ask whether treewidth is the only structural criterion of the underlying graph that enables tractable inference .
0	The performance of CKLMS1 and CKLMS2 has been tested in the context of a nonlinear channel equalization task ( see figure 1 ) .
1	Grammars with prohibition provide more powerful tools for natural language generation and better describe processes of language learning than the conventional formal grammars .
0	its choices do not depend on the previous choices of the learner .
1	Our experiments are based primarily on a medium size corpus of arabic text .
0	As a matter of fact the retrieval time is a component of the total adaptation time and the quality of the retrieved plan is fundamental for the performance of the successive adaptation phase .
1	The project presented in this article aims to formalize criteria and procedures in order to extract semantic information from parsed dictionary glosses .
0	Its relative simplicity is also an indication of why it tends to be more popular than the majority of the classification techniques found in the literature [ 21 ] .
1	This extraction is performed using natural language processing and trigger detection .
0	For example if a certain word is occurring more often in the positive labelled phrases in our training dataset ( as compared to other classes ) then we can calculate the probability of that word belonging to positive class to be higher than the probability of occurring in any other class .
1	GeomRDF was implemented as a module in the RDF publication platform Datalift .
0	Filtered hits generated by our system often failed to identify the full span of the annotation in some cases if the identified text started with acronyms and adjectives .
1	Hybrid approaches for automatic vowelization of Arabic texts are presented in this article .
0	We unfold a sequent using the rules of Figure 7 .
1	We also contribute a coreference sampling algorithm that can create confidence intervals for a political event extraction task .
0	It is interesting to emphasise that the attribute domain of each AG element is in general a tuple .
1	We compare learning the network parameters on a set of training graphs against learning them on individual test graphs .
0	We derive an intrinsic metric that enables us to do Riemannian geometry .
1	The microstructure comes from a simplification of the explanatory and combinatory dictionary .
0	The learning algorithms are independently tested on these two sets of data .
1	We describe an elaborate set of metrics that quantify qualitative information contained in characters and hence indirectly also quantify the scribal features .
0	This is called a Dynamic Time Warping ( DTW ) [ 1 ] .
1	Our experimental results show that our proposal is able to achieve better correlations with human judgements when measured with the Spearman and Kendall rank coefficients .
0	A dashed arrow represents a transition to a junk sequence that is stored in sequence memory but that fails the frequency threshold test .
1	These postulates capture the principle of minimal change in some sense .
0	The following theorem shows the complexity of the verification problem .
1	We evaluate our approach on the BioNLP 2009 event extraction task .
0	We have applied an instance of Alpha which takes into account the ordering of labels and assigns higher penalty to more extreme disagreements .
1	We present a computational method for testing whether a given CPT is separable .
0	We will use only the most representative words for each topic ( the twenty words with the greatest weight ) and the weights that they have in each topic .
1	Open domain relation extraction systems identify relation and argument phrases in a sentence without relying on any underlying schema .
0	Note that the mentioned large unannotated corpus is different from the training and test corpora .
1	Our collapsed variational inference leads to a new lower bound on the marginal likelihood .
0	( 2016 ) also use IQ2 to study talking points and their predictive power on debate outcome .
1	The situation is becoming even worse with the availability of ample resources on the web .
0	The comparisons between these two schemes are displayed in Fig .
1	SER is a constructive approach towards an emergent symbol system .
0	The phenomenon may be attributed to the effect of semantic composition and the reduced complexity of the SWTC task compared to the BLE task .
1	The activity of an output unit isinterpreted as a prediction of the posterior marginal of thecorresponding variable .
0	Our primary goal was to understand on a quantitative level the motivational dynamics of AI systems .
1	Sentiment analysis ( or opinion mining ) on Twitter data has attracted much attention recently .
0	These keyphrases are compared against sentences in the review text ; sentences that exhibit high word overlap with previously identified phrases are marked as pros or cons according to the phrase polarity .
1	Ensemble methods such as boosting combine multiple learners to obtain better prediction than could be obtained from any individual learner .
0	The configurations chosen are presented in the first two columns of Table 1 .
1	Throughout an extensive experimental evaluation we show the effectiveness of the classifier for early text classification .
0	This property enables to employ a straightforward algorithm to look for a sequence of coercions linking two non adjacent nodes in the graph .
1	We demonstrate the speaker recognition studies on TIMIT database for both GMM and Ergodic HMM .
0	Definition 2.1 [ Barren Variable ] A variable X is a barren variable w.r.t .
1	This is obtained by first extending the RBM to be sensitive to the ordering of its hidden units .
0	We make use of the approach developed in Wood et al .
1	In this paper we present an algorithm that samples possible deterministic executions of a probabilistic sequence .
0	( 2011 ) [ 26 ] developed a model on CRF Based NER in Manipuri .
1	Both types of CNNs yield large improvements over the best previously published results on the word discrimination task .
0	This produces a coherent summary rather than a set of haywire sentences .
1	The underlying attention mechanism infers the salient passages of narrative materials .
0	The drawback here is that the full ensemble of AGs is needed to generate the FDGs .
1	We present a novel learning method for word embeddings designed for relation classification .
0	( 6 ) ( The expectation is with respect to the random sample B . )
1	Convincing a customer is always considered as a challenging task in every business .
0	Consider the following scenario : None of the algorithm is therefore superior to the other in terms of instance coverage .
1	The main computational difficulty in learning such models is inference .
0	We use BFGS ( Broyden 1965 ) for minimizing process .
1	Our approach segments and links the entities in hashtags such that the coherence between hashtag semantics and the tweet is maximized .
0	There are a large number of stocks trading in the market .
1	This paper demonstrates the applicability of Statistical Term Extraction metrics to generate candidate links .
0	It then queries the learnt model to predict the most likely token sequence that can follow the input prefix sequence .
1	It is commonly acknowledged that temporal expression extractors are important components of larger natural language processing systems like information retrieval and question answering systems .
0	The Brown clustering approach is hierarchical and generates a binary tree of clusters .
1	We propose two phrase based LMs which considers the constituent units of a sentence as phrases .
0	To what extent can a sequence model learn to be sensitive to the hierarchical structure of natural language ?
1	And we hypothesize that this is the result of intrinsic property of adversarial crafting algorithms .
0	The goal of the first two studies was to find empirical evidence for the common belief that there really is such a thing as recognizable style or voice .
1	We show how this is done and illustrate the procedure and its results .
0	Step 3 : Extract the column items of El which corresponds to the nonzero elements of xTl and obtain E P l .
1	Our knowledge base completion method uses information within the existing KB and external information from Wikipedia .
0	Such a concern can be mitigated by using stronger and richer feature representations such as those learned by CNN models .
1	WOLFIE is part of an integrated system that learns to transform sentences into representations such as logical database queries .
0	A sonogram extracted from the E channel of an explosion seismogram .
1	The field appears to be advancing closer to this goal with recent breakthroughs in deep learning for natural language grounding in static images .
0	The resulting traditional MDP is guaranteed to have the same optimal value function as the original LMDP .
1	Mixed language data is one of the difficult yet less explored domains of natural language processing .
0	Further to prove the statement we only need to consider finite such sequences ( ie .
1	Recent efforts of bipartite ranking are focused on optimizing ranking accuracy at the top of the ranked list .
0	We will now prove that this property is preserved under certain homomorphisms .
1	This oncoming flood of data begs the question of how we will extract useful information from it .
0	We denote the length of the rule as the number of body relations .
1	We propose and compare various sentence selection strategies for active learning for the task of detecting mentions of entities .
0	offline SLAM ) logs of original sensor data along with the algorithm code allow perfect experiment reproduction .
1	A Verbal Autopsy is the record of an interview about the circumstances of an uncertified death .
0	This rebellion is also called the Sipahi ( Sepoy ) Mutiny .
1	We present a new algorithm for general reinforcement learning where the true environment is known to belong to a finite class of N arbitrary models .
0	This word list is used in our work besides using language models and Noisy Channel Model .
1	We show results of the application of the technique on texts having multiple writing styles .
0	( 2015 ) simple heuristics are used to turn off slot feature values in the control vector d once the corresponding slot token has been generated .
1	This research explores effects of various training settings between Polish and English Statistical Machine Translation systems for spoken language .
0	A run represents a set of consecutive pixels characterized with the same graylevel intensity in a specific direction of the texture .
1	Some measures rely only on raw text ( distributional measures ) and some rely on knowledge sources such as WordNet .
0	Corollary 9 gives the extension of the result to graphs with arbitrary weights .
1	On the basis of these scores we determine the class labels of the test data .
0	The corpus consists of a mixture of lower case and upper case characters .
1	The interactivity and immediacy present in online news are changing the way news are being produced and exposed by media corporations .
0	Let M consist of actions in K such that ef ( M ) is maximized .
1	This study analyzes political interactions in the European Parliament ( EP ) by considering how the political agenda of the plenary sessions has evolved over time and the manner in which Members of the European Parliament ( MEPs ) have reacted to external and internal stimuli when making Parliamentary speeches .
0	The set of the relevant hypotheses iteratively found in this manner is a solution for the abduction problem .
1	Handwritten sentences are separated out from text using a static segmentation method .
0	This task of matching and replacing default predicates with well defined ontology predicates is handled within another module of the Datalift platform .
1	This new framework is flexible where it can be adapted with any learning technique .
0	The experiments are run on a machine with an Intel Core2 Duo CPU at 2.2 GHz and 3 GB of RAM .
1	The computational cost increases exponentially with the size of the clusters and limits the number and type of clusters we can use .
0	Yet the concrete value of the index g is unknown .
1	An open source MATLAB toolbox to train and validate RLS2 models with a Graphic User Interface is available .
0	How many temporal constraints require more granular temporal ordering within each clinical narrative ?
1	An objective evaluation in two differing test domains showed improved performance compared to previous methods with fewer heuristics .
0	H : the Algerian revolution war e2 : ended on july the fifth 1962 .
1	We provide a short survey over solving asymmetric TSP with CP .
0	We run the sampler for 1000 iterations and take samples every ten steps .
1	Often not enough statistical data is available to allow for reliable probability estimation .
0	In such cases the user may need to give SSKW more detailed directions to produce required results .
1	Form about four decades human beings have been dreaming of an intelligent machine which can master the natural speech .
0	2 depicts the aforementioned distance metrics as a function of the number n of observations .
1	Over half of healthcare data is unstructured and therefore hard to model without involved expertise in data engineering and natural language processing .
0	Our constant in the exponent is worse than that of ( 15 ) by a factor of 4 ; this appears to be an inherent artifact of our method .
1	There is a significant lack of unified approaches to building generally intelligent machines .
0	In the SAMSDocs scenario this might be a query for all persons who have worked on the current document .
1	This work is accomplished by a CNN model through convolution to deconvolution with interconnection process .
0	Each axiom is assigned a value from the set K that is interpreted as a weight or score .
1	Can we develop a computer algorithm that assesses the creativity of a painting given its context within art history ?
0	The GMM assigns probability mass to a particular order based on how that order is permuted from the canonical ordering .
1	The first group of experiments is conducted using six grid world games and shows fast convergence and high scalability of the presented algorithm .
0	The next section describes in detail the similarity measures that we selected as a case study .
1	We refer to this algorithm as robust dictionary learning ( RDL ) .
0	Using these experts along with the exponentially weighted average ( EWA ) algorithm we shall provide the generic algorithm for online supervised learning .
1	The main contribution of this paper is to make this connection while learning .
0	The weight vector which activates the unit is the feature membership vector .
1	Experiments show that our formulation is more compact and leads to faster solution times and better solutions than existing formulations .
0	A larger rank value implies a better rank in SVMlight .
1	The simplicity of the model enables training on billions of words per hour on a single machine .
0	They manually translate the Quranic ontology into Malay for this purpose .
1	In this paper we introduce Azhary as a lexical ontology for the Arabic language .
0	Essentially they say word a entails word b if a can substitute for b in a sentence and this new sentence entails the original .
1	have attracted a great amount of attention in recent two years .
0	It is the least admissible web distance and represents the shortest of all admissible web distances in members of X .
1	We believe that anaphora resolution requires numerous sources of information in order to find the correct antecedent of the anaphor .
0	Features are extracted from this tree by considering the path from the root to the node containing the word of interest .
1	The semantics of Church is defined in terms of evaluation histories and conditional distributions on such histories .
0	Network theory has been used in several studies about the structure of syntactic dependency networks .
1	This method is compared with other recent methods for Handwritten Devnagari Character Recognition and it has been observed that this approach has better success rate than other methods .
0	Seen Concepts We refer to the set of words associated to real pictures that are used for training purposes as seen concepts .
1	Contemporary research on computational processing of linguistic metaphors is divided into two main branches : metaphor recognition and metaphor interpretation .
0	We use a logistic model for the saliency estimation classifiers on both layers .
1	Dictionary learning is a branch of signal processing and machine learning that aims at finding a frame ( called dictionary ) in which some training data admits a sparse representation .
0	In the following section we present a set of rules to dramatically reduce the number of annotations .
1	We study here notions of redundancy among association rules from a fundamental perspective .
0	This work proposes a methodology for Explicit Semantic Analysis using Wikipedia .
1	Using these probabilities we are transliterating our input text from English to Punjabi .
0	We now show how our linguistic analysis can be used in a machine learning model for automatically classifying requests according to politeness .
1	The problem is formulated as a linear programming relaxation over the edges of a graph .
0	There is also a large difference in the time needed to verify optimality .
1	This has also led to rise in the use of hostile and aggressive language and terminologies uninhibitedly .
0	mirror descent is still near optimal and parallelization does not help .
1	By marginalizing over word alignments the model captures a larger semantic context than prior work relying on hard alignments .
0	Let us explain this with a somewhat extreme but illustrative example .
1	We propose an alternate method for simplifying potentials : quantizing their values .
0	obtained by globally applying a substitution s to all types in the proof ) .
1	One main concern of the deep learning community is to increase the capacity of representation of deep networks by increasing their depth .
0	Larger values of d did not result in further gains .
1	The results show the advancement of the adaptive RSSL algorithm in most of the cases compared with the synonym ( conventional ) machine learning algorithms .
0	This statistical trace characterization technique maps a packet stream into a set of numerical values encapsulating the connection characteristics and preserving the fault artifacts .
1	It will be a means for researchers everywhere to explore what can be done with the system and to create new versions of it .
0	Thus variations in the order of use of attributes for creating the hierarchy can result in different sets of words being close to each other .
1	We exploit the information geometry of the bound to derive much faster optimization methods based on conjugate gradients for these models .
0	Section 4.1 presents a simple model for predicting whether a pair of strings are synonymous based on string similarity .
1	Leaf vein forms the basis of leaf characterization and classification .
0	The substitution here is achieved by ( general ) composition of relations .
1	We discuss several existing alternative definitions of redundancy between association rules and provide new characterizations and relationships among them .
0	The following statement is the full version of Theorem 4.3 : TheoremD.1 .
1	The first step towards processing Sanskrit text involves the handling of Sanskrit compound words that are an integral part of Sanskrit texts .
0	For the rest of the paper we discuss temporal signals only .
1	A similar algorithm was proposed by ( Kimura et al .
0	The difference between logical and conceptual model is that in conceptual model there is a clear distinction between concepts and relations while in logical model tables are used to represent both concepts and some relationships between concepts cases .
1	This paper presents a supervised Aspect Based Sentiment Analysis ( ABSA ) system .
0	As we could not access the training and test sets used in Mueller et al .
1	This paper gives the statistical details of syllables in Telugu and its use in minimizing the search space during recognition of speech .
0	And we can easily see that the net result will be the same as we had before .
1	This supports multidirectional information flow between these components allowing object detection to influence tracking and event recognition and event recognition to influence tracking and object detection .
0	Convergence is the notion of eventual success that we would like to better understand .
1	We introduce a class of deep recurrent neural operations and formally characterize their associated kernel spaces .
0	Our approach can be considered as a first step into this direction as it focuses on leveraging usage data for providing summarizations .
1	We provide a solution where no human intervention is required for ranking systems .
0	A first baseline is given by using a random scoring function h ( instead of the formulation given in ( 14 ) ) .
1	The frequency dictionary was formed on the basis of analyzed text array of texts of English fiction .
0	This matrix describes an importance degree of each topic in each sentence .
1	We provide theoretical justification for our algorithm and present experimental results on eight benchmark BO problems .
0	This allows us to better visualize the improvement in regret that each algorithm obtains as a function of the number of neighbors .
1	We evaluate our method on a manually annotated test set and present results on three typologically different languages .
0	Supervised approaches typically use the corpora developed by the two projects of the same name .
1	utility ) such that the utility gain of goals and utility loss of norm violations are the basis for this comparison .
0	An interesting contribution of this work is the association of convergence of the algorithm with the underlying spectral properties of the network .
1	Python is currently one of the most widely used ( teaching ) languages for programming .
0	The ESP model makes several simplifying assumptions in order to make probability predictions .
1	A standard form of analysis for linguistic typology is the universal implication .
0	We present decoding results in a format similar to [ 22 ] for easy comparison wherever possible .
1	Entity linking is an indispensable operation of populating knowledge repositories for information extraction .
0	An example bipartite graph is given in Figure 3 ( ignore for now the dashed and dotted links ) .
1	They are difficult to tackle because these algorithms are essentially unsupervised learning approaches .
0	Several forms of image evidence are considered for the component logs .
1	A more formal approach is to directly infer the final outcome from the observations .
0	The particular definition of the distance measure d and how it is obtained from the most probable ( or least costly ) labelling function dh will be specified later depending on the type of constraints .
1	Baseline SMT also known as Phrase Based Statistical Machine Translation ( PBSMT ) system does not use any linguistic information and it only operates on surface word form .
0	For the VAD task we first compute the probability of no speech by setting k to the empty string .
1	We describe an algorithm for decoding in this framework and show how the model can be trained discriminatively within a large margin framework .
0	Minimax regret offers a more intuitive measure of performance by assessing the policy ex post and making comparisons only w.r.t .
1	Decision nodes are associated to imprecise probability distributions and a reformulation is introduced that finds the global maximum strategy with respect to the expected utility .
0	The existence of a Condorcet winner is the minimum assumption required for the Condorcet regret as defined on equation ( 2 ) to be applicable .
1	In this paper we consider the problem of continuously discovering image contents by actively asking image based questions and subsequently answering the questions being asked .
0	This feature consists of the first 25 coefficients of the discrete cosine transform ( DCT ) of the smoothed and normalized top projection .
1	We show that this particular problem arises commonly in many disparate applications and present experiments on three of them : ( 1 ) Toy robot tracking ; ( 2 ) Single stroke character recognition ; ( 3 ) Handwritten word recognition .
0	Hollebeek does not associate his views with immunology or the Danger model .
1	A strength of this approach is that it works with both relational similarity ( analogy ) and compositional similarity ( paraphrase ) .
0	The basic idea of the algorithm is to choose a variable and recursively count the number of satisfying assignments where the variable is true and the variable is false .
1	The need for smoothing raises interesting questions on soundness and efficiency .
0	A four page sample generated by the prediction network is shown in Figs .
1	We do not use any statistics to rank out ambiguous derivations but rather use all of them to understand the mentioned semantic relation with in TAGs for Tamil .
0	We select a variable and eliminate it from the system by substitution .
1	This requires to scale up the size of the training database accordingly .
0	Faster rates when the losses are strongly convex in the Euclidean case for online gradient descent was proposed in [ 63 ] .
1	These results will be then ranked according to our proposed method and are finally presented in front of user in descending order
0	Throughout this section we refer to our model as Attribute Tensor Decomposition ( ATD ) .
1	The importance of tools for natural language processing is materialized by the need to have applications that can effectively treat the vast mass of information available nowadays on electronic forms .
0	ASUM has similar modelling assumption as ours and so it also produces relatively good results .
1	This paper proposes a framework that combines two disciplines to exploit their own advantages in uncertain and imprecise knowledge representation problems .
0	The lack of a model to ensure consistency and general world knowledge is another obvious limitation of a purely unsupervised model .
1	We consider in this paper the formulation of approximate inference in Bayesian networks as a problem of exact inference on an approximate network that results from deleting edges ( to reduce treewidth ) .
0	Similar computations yield meanings of sentences with adjectives and adverbs .
1	Machine comprehension plays an essential role in NLP and has been widely explored with dataset like MCTest .
0	Also local experiments with paramodulation strategies were maid by A.Degtyarev .
1	Experimental results suggest that this approach is an efficient one in comparison to different other techniques extensively addressed in literature .
0	4 ( Sindhi characters are circled highlighting their positions in the plane ) .
1	Our analysis shows that these problems arise as existing approaches take some form of arithmetic mean of the Laplacians of the positive and negative part .
0	The formulae ( f ) we tested are the following : fs .
1	We illustrate the advantages of sentenceLDA by comparing it with LDA using both intrinsic ( perplexity ) and extrinsic ( text classification ) evaluation tasks on different text collections .
0	This eliminates the processing overheads of a large amount of textual data .
1	Unsupervised learning and supervised learning are key research topics in deep learning .
0	Theorem 1 explains that a sequence of grid moves gives the invariant knots .
1	We use R5RS Scheme and its standard library with a few omissions as the reference machine .
0	They were also given the option of skipping facts if they wish to do so .
1	Improved bounds for conditional probabilities are given when independence assumptions hold .
0	Statistics reported in Figure 1 and Figure 2 confirm that image descriptions possess a simple and distinct structure .
1	Phrase structure extraction is the first step to continue with the phrase pattern identification .
0	2 depicts the log ends and log segments that correspond to a given grid position as described above .
1	WSD was recently addressed as a combinatorial optimization problem in which the goal is to find a sequence of senses that maximize the semantic relatedness among the target words .
0	The values for other states are assumed to be undefined .
1	Tree adjoining grammars ( TAGs ) provide an ample tool to capture syntax of many Indian languages .
0	( b ) of HSR comparing with GSRC and SRC versus the feature dimension .
1	We also demonstrate that for reasonable separation of scale ( an order of magnitude ) the reduced process is a good approximation of the marginal process over the slow components .
0	The core is the set of all imputations that are not blocked by any coalition .
1	Results show that this is a particularly fast method for exact BN learning .
0	Also the case when the user asks more than one question at the same time should be considered and the possibilities of using certain rules and provide separate answers or informing the user to submit only one question at at time .
1	Two different approaches to this problem have been proposed recently that are quite different from each other .
0	Onetrack HMMs take that track to be the agent and thus the subject .
1	One of the application is using text mining in digital newspaper to do politic sentiment analysis .
0	Similar efforts have been made in the field of natural language processing .
1	Polymom is applicable when the moments of a single mixture component are polynomials of the parameters .
0	Learning to Play Games by Observing Humans 11 We then carried a further set of experiments with a new set of expert players .
1	Development of a proper names pronunciation lexicon is usually a manual effort which can not be avoided .
0	Let Y ( n ) denote the following conditional statement .
1	We extend existing methodology for leveraging parallel corpora for typological analysis by overcoming a limiting assumption of earlier work : We only require that a linguistic feature is overtly marked in a few of thousands of languages as opposed to requiring that it be marked in all languages under investigation .
0	One can speed up this optimization process using the methods proposed in [ 28 ] .
1	We provide an algorithm that computes intervention sets that we believe are optimal for the above task .
0	Finally a ranking procedure is performed to rank the candidate data based on their consensus scores .
1	In this paper we present a short survey of fuzzy and Semantic approaches to Knowledge Extraction .
0	Fourth step : the program checks if the stem is a derived noun .
1	Syllabification is the process to extract or separate the syllable from the words .
0	friction torque ( 2 ) torque produced by the normal component of the velocity i.e .
1	The accuracy of this method is similar to the accuracy of common speaker segmentation methods .
0	This will let us understand the rate of privacy loss .
1	A table of phonetically similar sounding Sindhi characters for SoundEx algorithm is also generated along with another table containing similar glyph or shape based character groups for ShapeEx algorithm .
0	We first ensure that the clause is an implicate of the formula and then make sure that all literals appearing in the clause are necessary .
1	The best strategy employs the sum of confidences of two statistical classifiers trained on different views of the data .
0	Both of these aspects of Czech are also found in Arabic .
1	This becomes a clear advantage compared to predictive models which must train these new words .
0	For a few awkward slot value types we developed regular expression based matchers to identify candidate slot fills .
1	Our results shows that support vector machine with bootstrap sampling method outperforms others classifiers and sampling methods in terms of misclassification rate .
0	The resulting embeddings have proven useful for a variety of NLP tasks .
1	Such scenarios necessitate the study of inverse optimization problems where one is given an input instance as well as a desired output and the task is to adjust the input data so that the given output is indeed optimal .
0	The AHP seems to be the most widely used multiple criteria decision making approach in the world today .
1	We demonstrate the effectiveness of both approaches over the WMT translation tasks between English and German in both directions .
0	We also allow evidence to indicate which alternatives are available and which value variables are to be accumulated .
1	Applications have been confined to heuristic or random selections from this space .
0	Eliminating a variable x in RN needs updates coefficients of terms ( xix j ) where xi and x j have relations with the variable x .
1	We then present a search control rule for dominance testing that effectively prunes the search space while preserving completeness .
0	The results reveal that BWESG outperforms baseline bilingual word representations also in the SWTC task .
1	This paper attempt to increase the efficiency of Automatic Speech Recognition ( ASR ) system for unimpaired speech signal .
0	The problem examined there is that of the government deleting posts in the Chinese social media site Sina Weibo ( Chinese equivalent of Twitter ) .
1	We also prove theoretical bounds on the loss of solution optimality resulting from the use of abstractions .
0	The engine specifications are listed in Table I [ 13 ] .
1	We consider learning from data of variable quality that may be obtained from different heterogeneous sources .
0	The HSM is associated to a ( binary ) tree where leaves correspond to words .
1	Reference sets can be applied to a number of tasks such as ontology maintenance and information extraction .
0	Table 4 summarises the memory management approaches taken for the different solvers .
1	We demonstrate the benefit of our converter by presenting two use cases .
0	Let Etested denote the fragment of E that has been tested at each point in time .
1	This will also act as an educational tool in learning Sign Language .
0	So a new concept called feature reduction was inducted in the literature of AI ( Fukunnaga 1991 ) [ 4 ] .
1	Mamdani Fuzzy Model is an important technique in Computational Intelligence ( CI ) study .
0	Some accuracies for these combinations are shown in Table 8 .
1	The issue is approached using natural language processing tools to identify sentences that do not comply with INCOSE rules .
0	We will also use the characterization of both fixed points in terms of bisimulation quantification as in the previous subsection .
1	It is commonly understood that stop words do not contribute to the context or content of textual documents .
0	The context vectors used by RI should optimally be orthogonal .
1	For that we have built and analyzed a body built from questions collected through the web .
0	Heuristics help to reduce the number of alternatives from an exponential number to a polynomial number .
1	This analysis can be generalized to any similar algorithm using variants of tournament selection and genetic operators that flip or swap only 1 bit in each string .
0	A Twin NN with one hidden layer was employed for obtaining these results .
1	This is also congenial for the researchers to widen their view and thus think of new hypothesis for further investigation .
0	The algorithm searches a tree where the nodes represent possible mappings between vertices of both graphs and branches represent combinations of pairs of graph vertices that satisfy the labelling constraints .
1	Its commands and graphs prove to be most efficient in the spotting of archaic words or variants in spelling .
0	These ratios must be compared with the performance of the two compressors described in this section and presented in Tables 2 and 3 .
1	Markov decision processes ( MDPs ) are widely used in modeling decision making problems in stochastic environments .
0	This will be the central justification for the following propositions .
1	Discovering frequent episodes over event sequences is an important data mining task .
0	The Lin measure calculates the relatedness between two concepts as the ratio of the IC of their lowest common subsumer ( LCS ) .
1	We present and evaluate new techniques for designing algorithm portfolios .
0	The same SVM model was then used to present rankings until the next retraining .
1	In this paper we present a Marathi part of speech tagger .
0	The ambiguous Malay words are extracted based on these attributes from working RS and some have been translated from English using Dwibahasa Kamus Oxford Fajar [ 16 ] .
1	Extraction and normalization of temporal expressions in Turkish has not been given attention so far except the extraction of some date and time expressions within the course of named entity recognition .
0	This is a hard problem because it is a nonlinear optimization problem involving two matrix unknowns X and Q .
1	Our framework uses suitability scores to measure pairwise affinity between papers and reviewers .
0	The translation probabilities are computed assuming the independence between the source and target phrases when given the pivot phrase .
1	Human computer conversation is regarded as one of the most difficult problems in artificial intelligence .
0	These properties have caused distributed representations to become increasingly popular in natural language processing .
1	The approach is validated by feeding a testing data set to the evolved GP models .
0	First we describe how it chooses to explore and exploit and then how the model class is maintained .
1	The problem is that the stopwords lists generated before were on Modern Standard Arabic ( MSA ) which is not the common language used in OSN .
0	GPOMDP is essentially the algorithm proposed by Kimura et al .
1	We identify sources of systematic discrepancies between the two annotation schemes ; many of the differences in annotation can be traced back to different operationalizations and goals of the PDTB and RST frameworks .
0	( 2006 ) use a GA in the simulated LTL phase and an evolutionary strategy ( ES ) on the physical robot .
1	We define a chance level for each of the evaluation criterion to compare the proposed algorithm with .
0	The key question is that of the semantics of indefinite databases .
1	Our model learns to embed image representations ( generated from a previously trained Convolutional Neural Network ) into a multimodal space that is common to the images and the phrases that are used to described them .
0	We describe the details of the network architectures used in the following sections .
1	Calibrated confidence measures lead to higher interpretability by humans and computers and enable downstream analysis or processing .
0	The purpose of methods stated in this section is reconstruction of epipolar geometry of two 2D images of 3D smooth bodies photographed from various positions .
1	We implement our approach on an NVIDIA GPU and test it using BNs from several applications .
0	Details of these and other features are given in section 3.2 .
1	In the place of this free parameter there is now an equation for the learning rate that is specific to each state transition .
0	( Theoretically the minimum number of experiments is always 1 for maximal cliques greater or equal to two in an OME . )
1	Acoustical mismatch among training and testing phases degrades outstandingly speech recognition results .
0	Thus an important characteristic of any distributional measure is whether it is a measure of distributional similarity or more generally that of distributional relatedness .
1	We train and cascade two FCNs for a combined segmentation of the liver and its lesions .
0	The lower part of Table 2 shows results for each relation .
1	It has been shown to discover significantly more coherent topics and better topic hierarchies .
0	We then label each recipe step with an optional action and a list of 0 or more noun chunks .
1	We provide the underlying ideas and show promising empirical results of exactly solving large problems not solvable before .
0	A new class of retrieval function is explored as one in separate functional space which is not related to previous retrieval models .
1	These hypotheses were tested using art students and creative writing students .
0	An arc attaching a node to a fudge expression as a whole asserts that the external node should modify the top of the fudge expression ( whether or not that top is designated in the annotation ) .
1	We present an efficient optimization algorithm and discuss its theoretical properties .
0	The results of this task across training sizes are in Figure 3 .
1	Detailed experiments on synthetic and real network traces shows a significant improvement in detection capability over competing approaches .
0	( 1 ) the score must be higher than the preset threshold ; ( 2 ) the score must be the highest in all matching sentences .
1	Strategic Environmental Assessment is a procedure aimed at introducing systematic assessment of the environmental effects of plans and programs .
0	We begin with a brief review of influence diagrams and algorithms for solving them .
1	It is seen that leaf vein segmentation will help in maintaining a record of all the leaves according to their specific pattern of veins thus provide an effective way to retrieve and store information regarding various plant species in database as well as provide an effective means to characterize plants on the basis of leaf vein structure which is unique for every species .
0	( 5 ) We will refer to Equation 5 as the expectimax operation .
1	We study empirically the cost of manipulating the single transferable vote ( STV ) rule .
0	The notion of clause learning proofs connects clause learning with resolution and provides the basis for our complexity bounds .
1	We refer to this approach as feature space combination approach and show that our CCA based feature vector representation performs better on the Arabic DID task than the phonetic and acoustic feature representations used alone .
0	The architecture of PHMM was introduced by Krogh ( 1994 ) [ 16 ] .
1	The UAS of the parser is on par with that of a greedy discriminative baseline .
0	Note that the region defined by the reward optimality condition is a convex bounded polytope .
1	Our first algorithm maintains a diagonal covariance over the parameters and can handle large covariance matrices .
0	Linguistically a sentence in any language can be analysed using parser and morphological analyzer .
1	The LMLS algorithm achieves comparable convergence performance with the least mean fourth ( LMF ) algorithm and extends the stability bound on the step size .
0	Table 4 shows two important consequences when considering relations inferred from an annotation : ( a ) a lot of annotations in TimeBank 1.1 are actually inconsistent when the temporal graph is saturated using procedures introduced earlier in the paper and ( b ) each text gives rise to several connected components of various sizes .
1	One aid of predicting lexical categories of unknown words is the use of syntactical knowledge of the language .
0	This is mostly because they provide what manually built resources do not generally provide : statistical information about the likelihood of SCFs for individual verbs .
1	Empirical evidence suggests that hashing is an effective strategy for dimensionality reduction and practical nonparametric estimation .
0	A marginal inference in a credal network is the computation of upper ( or lower ) probabilities in an extension of the network .
1	The vague sets theory has arisen as the answer to an illegibility of language the reasonable subject speaks .
0	The main problem is to choose an appropriate representation of x so that inference can be efficient .
1	Our method influences the choice of unprocessed clauses using positive and negative examples from previous proofs .
0	In this section we describe some minor modifications that need to be done to the 2lcab compression algorithm before it can be applied to this task .
1	A general problem of this approach is that the search space is easy to converge to a local optimum and the acquired weight set is not in accord with the real distribution of feature functions .
0	The use of hyperscapes for intuiting GA dynamics originated with Holland ( 1975 ) and was popularized by Goldberg ( 1989 ) .
1	Our proposed method is based on the pitch frequency of the speech .
0	Figure 4 ( b ) shows a single frame of the quadruped locomotion problem where the objective is to maximize the sustained speed of the robot .
1	solar insolation and ambient temperature fluctuations ) when their system interacts with the environment .
0	The notion of sparsity we suggest here is the effective r in Equation 21 .
1	In recent years a new threat has emerged in the form of networks of hijacked zombie machines used to perform complex distributed attacks such as denial of service and to obtain sensitive data such as password information .
0	The tasks and relations distribution are the same as those shown in Table 5 .
1	We introduce a new online convex optimization algorithm that adaptively chooses its regularization function based on the loss functions observed so far .
0	Each region has associated a description of the relevant features .
1	The proposed method includes ten word frequency metrics divided into three main groups for calculating the frequency of terms .
0	The hypothesis makes intuitive sense as Budanitsky and Hirst ( 2004 ) point out .
1	Colour is a key component in the successful dissemination of information .
0	Table 3 lists the topics and top phrases estimated from our dataset using LDA .
1	Our method strives to balance the amount of research effort the annotator expends with the utility of the annotations for supporting research on improving automated translation lexicon induction .
0	This effect prevents word embeddings from preserving order based features .
1	Different environment models are defined in order to compute routing strategies over unstructured environments .
0	Our experiments show that this word prediction model is enough to capture word ambiguity .
1	The melody sequence can then be played back with a synthesizer .
0	We first discuss how to obtain upper bounds for discarded factors .
1	We use the relationships between lower order and higher order graphlets in order to derive our method .
0	This section summarizes how our model uses semantics to achieve reading comprehension .
1	This paper studies the effect of linguistic constraints on the large scale organization of language .
0	The Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence conference and International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications are exceptions .
1	One of the main challenges in sentiment analysis is feature selection .
0	We can then ask whether this ranking correlates with language properties which might be predictive of general helpfulness .
1	We use an extractive summary formulation for generating these reviews .
0	From numbers of occurrence data we always get ( by design ) a Euclidean embedding using correspondence analysis .
1	We are interested in bridging the world of natural language and the world of the semantic web in particular to support natural multilingual access to the web of data .
0	The Credit Sense ( bank statement ) data was held in other separate tables in the data warehouse .
1	Equally important is active query selection to further reduce the amount of preference information users must provide .
0	We fixed the momentum parameter to 0.9 and dropout rate to 0.3 for both hidden layers .
1	The novelty of our characterization method is the ability of reflecting changes of behaviours according to hardness of different solution quality regions .
0	( 2016 ) extended PRA to couple the path ranking of multiple relations .
1	Adversarial attack has cast a shadow on the massive success of deep neural networks .
0	The dataset contains 375 utterances per language and the language labels of these utterances are also available .
1	One important problem in sentiment analysis of product reviews is to produce summary of opinions based on product features .
0	The distribution we pick for showing the lower bound is a slight modification of the one used in Lemma 84 .
1	First a Siamese network is trained with deep supervision on the labeled text of training dataset which project texts in a similarity manifold .
0	This would defeat the purpose of introducing oracle models and associated oracle complexity .
1	Use of social media has grown dramatically during the last few years .
0	The average number of interactions is 2Timeout is 60 seconds for small instances and 600 seconds for larger ones .
1	Any such lower prevision is coherent if it lies within the convex polytope defined by these constraints .
0	This thresholding helps to discard sentences that are semantically incorrect ; ( ii ) each predicted phrases cj may appear only once4 ; ( iii ) we add syntactic constraints which are illustrated in Figure 4 .
1	Character segmentation has long been one of the most critical areas of optical character recognition process .
0	It is interesting that even if we do not take the context into account ( method AvgSim ) the lexeme embeddings outperform the original word embeddings .
1	We indicate how results carry over to arbitrary elastic distance functions and to sequences consisting of symbolic elements .
0	It achieves competitive performance when trained over the TimeBank and AQUAINT corpora .
1	The employed technique is unsupervised latent Dirichlet allocation ( LDA ) .
0	A more detailed breakdown of the number of submissions corrected or partially corrected by our system is shown in Table 4 .
1	These findings support the hypothesis that creative style is recognizable .
0	In the context of CHRiSM this is no longer the case because of the probabilistic choices .
1	We specifically try to compare how well our algorithms work under less amount of testing data and large number of candidate authors ( which we believe to be the real world scenario ) against controlled tests with less number of authors and selected SMSes with large number of words .
0	Guiding a Reinforcement Learner with Natural Language Advice : Initial Results in Robocup Soccer .
1	Results of a preliminary empirical performance evaluation indicate a significant potential of the proposed architecture .
0	Brown ( 1999 ) uses a parallel corpus and some linguistic knowledge in the form of equivalence classes ( both syntactic and semantic ) to perform a generalization over the bilingual examples collected .
1	Bayesian reinforcement learning ( BRL ) encodes prior knowledge of the world in a model and represents uncertainty in model parameters by maintaining a probability distribution over them .
0	On average a linguistic feature ( vector dimension ) is active for 15 word types .
1	Now we look at the extent to which we can find ultrametricity in text .
0	A switching linear dynamic model ( SLDM ) is explored as a parametric model for the clean speech distribution .
1	Our approach is a generalization of composing anytime algorithm represented by conditional performance profiles .
0	We therefore do not separately evaluate the impact of the task budget .
1	The present study introduces a new Keyphrase based Summary Evaluator KpEval for evaluating automatic summaries .
0	The assignment of the request to the routes is performed according to a minimum distance criterium .
1	Everyday lots of new information get added to this web space .
0	Precision of this evaluation is restricted only to precision of assumption of constant brightness .
1	An experiment for distant speech recognition on the AMI SDM corpus indicates that the performance of plain and highway LSTM networks degrades with increasing network depth .
0	We choose the operator norm induced by the inner product of the vector spaces .
1	Memetic computation ( MC ) has emerged recently as a new paradigm of efficient algorithms for solving the hardest optimization problems .
0	108 Chapter 6 Mirror Descent Methods Perhaps one of the most popular convex optimization algorithm most readers would be familiar with is the gradient descent algorithm .
1	The last part presents the Jibiki lexical resources management platform used for the project .
0	We are going to call some of the properties basic properties .
1	The second part of the article tackles the main issue of the translation process .
0	We did this to make the accounts appear as believable as possible by featuring a diverse persona set .
1	In this work we show that certain reasoning problems on the second level of the polynomial hierarchy still maintain their full complexity when restricted to instances of fixed distance to one of the above graph classes .
0	We do so via a Monte Carlo Markov Chain method .
1	Coefficient of multiple correlations can be used to describe the synthesized effects and correlation of each feature .
0	We have chosen this distribution because the probabilities decay exponentially base p as a function of i .
1	Experiments show that it greatly outperforms lifted variable elimination when logical structure is present .
0	It has an iterating variable which is local to the loop .
1	Our work enhances the testing procedure by means of data centroids .
0	These examples represent just a small sample of the many possible variations .
1	This paper precisely characterizes the size of that region and discusses its implications for empirical evaluation methodology in machine learning .
0	The alignment points in the alignment matrix are expanded based on different heuristics .
1	Experiments show the transcription can be achieved by transcribing a set of small number of basis words .
0	Table 2 lists the sizes of automatically extracted relations on 61 different languages from Wikipedia that we are going to make publicly available .
1	We observe that ESA is not competitive with LDA in a query based retrieval task on CLEF 2000 data .
0	Partial hypotheses of specified clause length are iteratively obtained in a refinement loop .
1	Data in properties are interpreted as set of valuated formulas .
0	The semantics of a MWE can not be expressed after combining the semantics of its constituents .
1	A Chain Event Graph ( CEG ) is a graphial model which designed to embody conditional independencies in problems whose state spaces are highly asymmetric and do not admit a natural product structure .
0	We therefore identified in a quantitative and rigorous way the ambiguity of the code with the amount of uncertainty of the reversal of the coding process or the minimal amount of additional information we need to properly reverse the coding process .
1	We investigate the use of eligibility traces in combination with recurrent networks in the Atari domain .
0	Different methods have been employed for extracting translations from parallel corpora .
1	Experiments on three image classification benchmark datasets demonstrate that reducing the inference gap can indeed improve the performance consistently .
0	We randomly selected 20 sentences from the test portion of each corpus .
1	This allows the network to learn representations that are useful for both discriminative and generative tasks at the same time .
0	Setup We define the size of the word representation d to 50 .
1	Our goal is to find algorithms that solve this problem exactly .
0	Corollary 4 gives the formula for computing AUCPRMIN when the area is calculated over a restricted range of recalls .
1	While most work to date focuses on homogeneous connecteness of sentences and heterogeneous connecteness of documents and sentences ( e.g .
0	Proof The original links are all between states of level L. Both refinement constructions add links only between states at the same abstraction level .
1	In this paper we present a new approach for measuring the semantic relatedness between words based on their implicit semantic links .
0	Take the intersection of these intervals with the corresponding intervals Ik W from the previous iteration and reset IkW to these new intervals .
1	This will be possible because transport data will be linked to these datasets .
0	The average error is shown in Figure1 ( a ) .
1	Grids with blocked and unblocked cells are often used to represent terrain in robotics and video games .
0	The speed values for wind and gust are measured in nautical miles ( Knots ) .
1	Variation in decisions is a norm in this situation when the same problem is posed to different subjects .
0	Their feature vectors contained a combination of holistic and compositional features .
1	Our approach goes beyond previous work in that our model contains a continuous manifold rather than a finite set of human emotions .
0	We will thus focus on aspects that are relevant for the task at hand .
1	It combines an optimization of preference criteria of visitors with an automatic extraction of artwork importance from museum information based on Natural Language Processing using textual energy .
0	The classification is slightly better on Sports and slightly worse on Art .
1	We propose a general method called truncated gradient to induce sparsity in the weights of online learning algorithms with convex loss functions .
0	This suggests that there is room for inspecting new formulae variants other than those already proposed in the literature .
1	It was however less than that of the RBF SVM .
0	It remains an open question what are the common features of equilibria under MINthenMAX and equilibria under other decision models under ambiguity .
1	The constructed model is used for ranking translation candidates of query words .
0	Results show that assignment based branchings work better than reduction heuristics .
1	This paper reports on the comparison of the subject and object of verbs in their usage between phishing emails and legitimate emails .
0	These algorithms make a series of local decisions on how best to construct the tree using a statistical model .
1	The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated by experiments .
0	The event window is populated solely with references to valid sequences ( words and subwords ) that are stored in the sequence memory .
1	Ability of the human to estimate the information is most brightly shown in using of natural languages .
0	Rubenstein and Goodenough ( 1965 ) established synonymy judgments for 65 pairs of nouns .
1	This paper presents an investigation of the entropy of the Telugu script .
0	The second experiment ascertains to what extent subjects can pick the right generated image for a dreamed concept over a closely related alternative .
1	The Sanskrit language processing is also discussed in this paper .
0	In this section we study the specific case of online supervised learning problem .
1	But it also showed that we could treat our grammatical framework as a logic ( as opposed to a logical theory ) .
0	Here latent word groups of the network are taken as topic components of a corpus .
1	It is complicated to train this type of nets because of the difficulty entailed in determining their architecture due to the complex error surface .
0	Are there stylistic attributes of newscasts that correlate with the genre of each provider ?
1	Recent advancements in unsupervised feature learning have developed powerful latent representations of words .
0	The Stanford Optical Matrix Multiplier design was motivated by the physics of the phenomena .
1	We experimented on two datasets with over 62K paintings to illustrate the behavior of the proposed framework .
0	Sense s1 of French entry fra.abondant.27.e linked to Axi entry axi .
1	Linear prediction LP residual is used as a representation of excitation information in speech .
0	The above principle means that even people sharing the represented knowledge may not be the suitable person for summarizing the representation because they may not have the knowledge of representation .
1	Understanding the ways in which participants in public discussions frame their arguments is important in understanding how public opinion is formed .
0	Some properties follow which illustrate the rationale of the distance and the weights used to compute the marginality .
1	POMDPs are a useful model for decision making in systems with uncertain states .
0	The width of an ordering d is the maximum width over all nodes .
1	We thus turn the inference problem into a heuristic search for better guide programs .
0	5Our English corpus is not large enough to cover all the words present in the IMDB datasets .
1	Experiments with two training sequences demonstrate that our approach to incremental learning is effective .
0	We define the duration of a story as the interval between the first and the last matching .
1	This approach has been successfully applied to the case of a library of endogenous transformations .
0	This means copying the underlying solver State and all associated information .
1	The proposed metric is proved mathematically to be a metric .
0	Below is an example showing how a sentence is derived following the grammar above .
1	This SymSGD approach is applicable to any linear learner whose update rule is linear .
0	Our approach is also able to learn the transition dynamics as fast as when the structure is known a priori .
1	We show through the paper that using Example Based in its native form is not suitable for translating into Arabic .
0	The model of narrative discourse production ( meaning to speech ) receives a representation of meaning and generates the corresponding sentence .
1	The described analysis illustrates a potential of the method in detecting recurring themes and discovering temporal trends in lodged contract appeals .
0	Since they are monolingual features we will directly use them in our model .
1	This paper presents a new algorithm for online linear regression whose efficiency guarantees satisfy the requirements of the KWIK ( Knows What It Knows ) framework .
0	Through the JavaScript initPieChart ( ) function the pie chart is created .
1	Assigning a positive or negative score to a word out of context ( i.e .
0	Statistics on the number of phrases are reported in Table 1 .
1	We combine these two approaches by proposing a method for learning compositional representations in a multilingual setup .
0	A drawback associated to the computation of local topological measurements in word adjacency networks is the high correlation found between these measurements and the node degree ( i.e .
1	A parallelized gradient boosted regression tree based technique has been proposed to accurately classify the normal as well as rare extreme wind power ramp events .
0	The aim of this phase is to extract the Arabic templates corresponding to the English chunk templates of the selected path ( s ) .
1	What properties about the internals of a program explain the possible differences in its overall running time for different inputs ?
0	We also perform LDA and WCCN to increase the discriminability of the shared Vector space .
1	There has been much work on developing provably optimal solvers that are efficient in practice .
0	There is a decrease in the correctness in all the methods except the complete clustering .
1	We propose experiential utility elicitation methods for customization and compare these to predictivemethods .
0	We have made many experiments to test the effect of removing stopwords from different lists with the combination of two FS techniques and two classifiers with the three different corpora .
1	Recent studies have shown that deep neural networks ( DNNs ) perform significantly better than shallow networks and Gaussian mixture models ( GMMs ) on large vocabulary speech recognition tasks .
0	A stem is the part the word to which prefixes and suffixes are attached .
1	( 2002 ) in order to represent the dynamic dependencies among stochastic processes .
0	Theorem 2 ( Bound for R ( T ) with missing ratings ) .
1	Our model is a provable extension of existing online learning models for point loss functions .
0	The second problem is that of computing whether a certain fact is entailed by that closure .
1	Directed possibly cyclic graphs have been proposed by Didelez ( 2000 ) and Nodelmann et al .
0	The ability to perform morphological transformations is essential for a good lexical knowledge base .
1	Experiments were evaluated on the LLL05 corpus with good results .
0	The weight of a term is calculated using the inverse sentence frequency ( ISF ) with the intuition that the terms contained in a few sentences should be more important than those appearing in many sentences .
1	We experimentally test this new learning rule against TD ( lambda ) and find that it offers superior performance in various settings .
0	A translation template can be defined as a bilingual pair of sentences in which corresponding units ( words or phrases ) are coupled and replaced by variables .
1	The uniquely honed worldview of a creative individual results in a distinctive style that is recognizable within and across domains .
0	In general more complex products have more complex and subtle opinions .
1	Most research in fields like machine translation or sentiment analysis assume monolingual input .
0	for similarly pronounced Sindhi phonemes and grouped them together to be used in our phonetic algorithms .
1	Modelling the compositional process by which the meaning of an utterance arises from the meaning of its parts is an equally fundamental task of NLP .
0	In Chapter 3 we refined the first of these hypothesis : we said we wanted to find out whether or not automatic MWE recognition can be useful to CCG parsing .
1	It also discusses about different databases used for text summarization in several domains along with evaluation matrices .
0	The first problem is the computational complexity of comparing two structures .
1	Near all these methods have tried to extract and define features to separate different labels of textures really well .
0	Some others believe in international negotiations to solve Iran disputes and conflicts with the other countries .
1	The study provides algorithms are ability to handle location registration and call delivery
0	The difference between working in those two settings will be noticeable only during the execution phase .
1	One method for mitigating Spam in a computationally efficient manner is fast and accurate blacklisting of the senders .
0	This structure serves as the basis of Algorithm 4 and its analysis .
1	HMM model is used to represent the phoneme like speech commands .
0	Another problem with rule based approach is that the generative power of rules makes it possible to produce forms that are ambiguous or unknown in the language .
1	The paper lays down the elementary foundation necessary for further study of iterative application of operators of composition .
0	Ambiguity was handled in the same way as for verbs .
1	An optimized schedule for performing the software rejuvenation has to be derived in advance because a long running application could not be put down now and then as it may lead to waste of cost .
0	This system supports inclusion of distributional similarity features such as the ones that we want to use in the form of word clusters .
1	The analysis of a generalized functional model is very logical and is inspired from ideas already put forward by R.A. Fisher in his theory of fiducial probability .
0	One of the functional fluents describes the goal configuration to be achieved .
1	Doing so introduces a linear dependence between lower and upper recurrent units .
0	Extrinsic evaluation Previous studies have shown that perplexity does not always agree with human evaluations of topic models [ 1 ] and it is recommended to evaluate topic models on real tasks .
1	Vocabulary mismatch corresponds to the difficulty of retrieving relevant documents that do not contain exact query terms but semantically related terms .
0	Exact score is used in order to check the perfect match of the compressed predictions to the truth .
1	Errors in morphology or syntax in the target language can have severe consequences on meaning of the sentence .
0	Tab.1 Polish to English translations results System BLEU NIST METEOR TER 00 70.15 70.23 82.19 70.62 01 64.58 65.16 76.04 64.38 02 71.04 70.76 82.54 71.67 03 71.22 70.56 82.39 71.49 04 76.34 73.30 85.17 75.23 05 70.33 70.36 82.28 70.73 06 71.43 70.70 82.89 71.27 07 71.91 71.76 83.63 73.40 08 71.12 69.16 84.55 70.05 09 71.32 71.36 83.31 72.32 10 71.35 69.36 81.52 70.26 11 70.34 70.96 82.65 71.78 12 72.51 71.36 82.81 71.81 13 76.97 73.83 86.11 76.40 Tab.2 English to Polish translation results System BLEU NIST METEOR TER 00 69.18 67.63 79.21 69.61 01 61.15 61.29 71.91 60.55 02 69.41 67.63 78.98 69.10 03 68.45 67.10 78.63 68.38 04 73.32 69.90 81.72 72.95 05 69.21 67.70 79.26 69.12 06 69.27 67.76 79.30 68.73 07 68.43 67.16 78.95 66.95 08 67.61 65.83 77.82 70.05 09 68.98 67.43 78.90 68.87 10 68.67 66.83 78.55 68.08 11 69.01 67.63 79.13 69.16 12 67.47 65.96 77.65 66.68 13 73.67 71.83 82.13 73.17 14 74.10 72.16 82.43 74.03 Fig.2 Polish to English Experiments results .
1	This matrix reports that the first filter produces some pairs that hold almost no connections .
0	Of course the uniform choice of B is not the only option .
1	Many intractable problems in the area of knowledge representation and reasoning have been shown to become linear time tractable if the treewidth of the programs or formulas under consideration is bounded by some constant .
0	Figure 12 presents the case when the basic TTO algorithm ( without CONROT ) learns the unit sphere without performing conditional rotations .
1	The sentences are scored based on those enhanced features and an extractive summary is constructed .
0	Because canonical gambles have the same set of rewards i.e .
1	We describe a technique for attributing parts of a written text to a set of unknown authors .
0	Each branch is constituted of 3 convolutional layers and 2 pooling layers .
1	The result of such enrichment can be reused for further relation extraction and ontology enrichment from unstructured free text documents .
0	Here this is achieved in the standard way : by limiting the number of parents a vertex can have .
1	This paper proposes a methodology for predicting reflected in Twitter from the use of sentiment analysis functions NLP based on social behaviors .
0	The cosine measure gives scores in the range from 0 ( unrelated ) to 1 ( maximally related ) .
1	We propose to approach the problem of defining the semantics of gringo programs by translating them into the language of infinitary propositional formulas .
0	For this reason all the detachment rules and exception files are applied and searched .
1	We use frequency distributions and differences between them to define and distinguish languages .
0	The algorithm used for training is shown in Algorithm 1 .
1	Here we describe work on learning the subcategories of verbs in a morphologically rich language using only minimal linguistic resources .
0	We show how these assumptions can be used to derive information theoretical quantities which reflect data characteristics in each domain .
1	This paper first evaluates linguistic content based features using LIWC dictionary and popular neighborhood features using Wikipedia and Freebase .
0	One way to formalize this is that they learn sentential forms .
1	We are interested in application scenarios where concurrent function evaluations are possible .
0	Some systems use individual words as their input and perform sequence tagging to identify arguments .
1	The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated on several real datasets .
0	The semantics of natural languages and information analysis is best handled by the epistemic facet of Fuzzy Logic .
1	Our results strongly suggest that cluster membership features improve the performance .
0	We have explored a range of learning methods for predicting suitabilities of reviewers for papers .
1	In this task we have considered a set of language independent features for all the languages .
0	[ 208 ] discusses a setting with an employee in a Human Resources department who interacts with an office manager .
1	users who do not have a strong opinion one way or the other ) .
0	The process can then be repeated until convergence ( if at all ) .
1	Currently the application of Genetic Programming ( GP ) holds great promises and has produced tremendous positive results in different sectors .
0	Another interesting direction is to use the models proposed here in a bootstrapping approach .
1	This allows it to learn from examples that are unsuitable for prior methods .
0	We extract all kinds of have to find out semantic meaning of each of the lines of that paper .
1	Here we skip the representation step and directly model the distribution over extrema .
0	Table 4 shows the results of the INQUERY retrieval runs based on the Aryanpour dictionary and topics in CLEF 2008 and CLEF 2009 .
1	We also show that a similar transfer learning procedure achieves the state of the art on an entailment task .
0	Inferring the state of a stochastic process can be a difficult technical challenge in complex systems with large state spaces .
1	Existing probabilistic scanners and parsers impose hard constraints on the way lexical and syntactic ambiguities can be resolved .
0	This function should be chosen so that the likelihood function is largest when the coordinates of state Xt is nearby many of the peaks in each of the corresponding Rt .
1	We present a statistical evaluation method to determine the usefulness of a label refinement for a given event log from a process perspective .
0	The iSpeak module implements a bridge between the iCub and a voice synthesizer ( e.g .
1	Finding the optimal joint policy can be formulated as an optimization problem .
0	The service API provides the possibility of checking the total number of clicks that a shortened link has received .
1	Results show that our approach improves the performance of relation extraction systems trained using distantly supervised data .
0	Results on NELL however show that it is possible to handle both directed edges and edge features by representing the original directed graph as an undirected bipartite graph with additional nodes that represent edges in the original graph ( see Section 5.1 for details ) .
1	We further experimentally demonstrate the robustness of the proposed method on an 38 MRI liver tumor volumes and the public 3DIRCAD dataset .
0	There have been extensions of classical probabilistic PCA Tipping and Bishop ( 1999 ) from Gaussian noise models to exponential family distributions Collins et al .
1	It is known that PR curves vary as class skew changes .
0	Most of the work in the field uses movie reviews data for classification .
1	Can we make Bayesian posterior MCMC sampling more efficient when faced with very large datasets ?
0	PRISM and ICL require the rules to be acyclic ( or contingently acyclic ) [ 3 ] .
1	ASR short for Automatic Speech Recognition is the process of converting a spoken speech into text that can be manipulated by a computer .
0	We compared and contrasted several models varying in their linguistic assumptions and employed feature space .
1	The Game Information System will run the Information System with game and how game can be implemented to run the Information System .
0	We now study the process of feature generation on a number of actual examples .
1	Inference for probabilistic graphical models is still very much a practical challenge in large domains .
0	The alternative to discovering a single consistent guess is to collect a set of consistent guesses and select among them the best alternative .
1	The features are the negativity information and the number of interjection words .
0	We operationalise lexical relationships among verbs in our data by counting their occurrence in main and subordinate clauses from a lemmatised version of the BLLIP corpus .
1	The system shows comparable performance with other NLG systems that perform the same task .
0	mization A metaheuristic solution approach based on ant colony optimization ( ACO ) is presented that especially takes into account the distributed nature of the DMLULSP .
1	The KpEval relies on the keyphrases since they convey the most important concepts of a text .
0	The scene on the bottom right does not obey the expressed spatial constraints ( in the corner of the room ) since our system does not understand the grounding of room corner and that the top right side is not a good fit due to the door .
1	Imitation learning has been commonly applied to solve different tasks in isolation .
0	Causal independence is the assumption that the effects of individual causes on a common variable ( i.e .
1	The results of the application of the DCA to the detection of a single bot show that the algorithm is a successful technique for the detection of such malicious software without responding to normally running programs .
0	Also if more than one sentiment is expressed in the tweet but the positive sentiment is more dominant .
1	Many recent works aim at developing methods and tools for the processing of semantic Web services .
0	It is possible for the user to move between windows by using callback buttons or menus .
1	Speech analysis had been taken to a new level with the discovery of Reverse Speech ( RS ) .
0	The decoder is implemented according to the same equations as the encoder .
1	This paper focuses on bridging the information extraction and visualization tasks and investigates topic modeling approaches .
0	There is discontinuity in the evolution of the narrative expressed by these scenes .
1	We demonstrate our approach on a Twitter domain sentiment analysis task with sequential knowledge transfer from four related tasks .
0	By an exhaustive inspection of the primitive classifiers which occur in the basic classifiers for all pqccs .
1	These behaviors were identified through the application of Cyclical Learning Rates ( CLR ) and linear network interpolation .
0	The measures do not differ at all if we choose a strict scoring scheme ( see Section 2.3 ) .
1	It turns out that existing approaches do not recover the ground truth clustering in several situations where either the positive or the negative network structures contain no noise .
0	e evaluation measure for both subtasks is the F1 measure .
1	We present some experiments related to this algorithm and this space using a corpus of 204 dialogues .
0	We do this greedily by iteratively discarding points from the full sample .
1	These distributions are convolved so that the topic of each word is likely under both its document and syntactic context .
0	Directed edges between nodes denote task precedence ; a node is pebbled when all of its predecessors in the graph are pebbled .
1	User simulation is essential for generating enough data to train a statistical spoken dialogue system .
0	The user generated reviews for products and services are largely available on internet .
1	Experimentation carried out on several articles demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed approach .
0	Consider two dipoles dA and dB in an rrrr configuration on the rays lA and lB .
1	In this paper we propose a general framework for learning distributed representations of attributes : characteristics of text whose representations can be jointly learned with word embeddings .
0	The ELKB is created using only the Text file ; the Index is constructed using the words and phrases loaded in the knowledge base .
1	Results show that rich linguistic features combined with popular neighborhood prove valuables and promising for additional user classification needs .
0	The sum of the weight is calculated as the quantified complexity .
1	Patterns are modelled using transducers and stemming is done without depending on any dictionary .
0	Conclusion The presented system is a first step in the direction of the morphological analysis of Pali .
1	We demonstrate the practical benefits of our approach on a large dataset which we subsample and subsequently fit with boosted trees .
0	The exact number of iterations is unavailable when TDS runs out of time .
1	JADE ( Java Application Development Environment ) was used for implementation and simulation of agents cooperation .
0	Templates for generating the questions are list in Table 5 .
1	Future research can improve upon the proposed algorithm so much so that it can be parallelized to take advantage of multiprocessor computers .
0	Various techniques or methods have been used by human resource management experts to evaluate the performance of an employee .
1	This study tries to use these technologies under the same roof .
0	This demonstrates that the original C99 algorithm and its applications can benefit from a more exact minimization than given by the greedy approach .
1	We investigate the significance as well as the limitation of the IR approach .
0	Here the camera view follows a woman walking past several cars .
1	We show that the HSCRF is capable of learning rich hierarchical models with reasonable accuracy in both fully and partially observed data cases .
0	To improve this ratio a number of machine learning algorithms were introduced in the method .
1	This tree structure allows for efficient disk based implementations where space requirements exceed that of main memory .
0	We do not need an alignment as CTC efficiently computes the score over all possible alignments .
1	The current approach to training them consists in maximizing the likelihood of each token in the sequence given the current ( recurrent ) state and the previous token .
0	The Kolmogorov complexity is incomputable as one can not decide if a turing machine will terminate .
1	In this paper we describe a process by which state invariants can be extracted from the automatically inferred type structure of a domain .
0	In the first part of code is inserted the subject of the triple .
1	Process mining techniques aim to extract insights in processes from event logs .
0	The equation is similar for the arcs in equation ( 27 ) .
1	This paper presents a model based framework for estimating mutation rate of HCV in two steps .
0	The method was originally designed for problems in the domain of operations research .
1	The proposed approach provides a template of how to link structural pattern recognition methods other than GQ to statistical pattern recognition .
0	Some examples of successful transformations are shown in Figure 5 ( right ) .
1	We describe the latest improvements to the IBM English conversational telephone speech recognition system .
0	He introduced sentence alignment confidence measure and alignment links confidence measure to improve performance of word alignment by selecting aligned sentence and linked word with high confidence .
1	The Internet has led to a dramatic increase in the amount of available information .
0	Evaluation of our system using this representation is given in Section 5.1 ; evaluation using a representation without variables or forests is presented in Section 5.2 .
1	The algorithm returns the aspect value clubbed with opinion value and sentiment value which helps in concluding the summarized value of remark .
0	Also we may omit every ordered pair which its elements are positioned far from each other in the text .
1	We describe the model and an approximate inference algorithm and then demonstrate the quality of the learned topics both qualitatively and quantitatively .
0	We also inspect the embedding space qualitatively to get some insight into the learned structure .
1	We describe here a methodology to identify a list of ambiguous Malay words that are commonly being used in Malay documentations such as Requirement Specification .
0	Digraphs can be easily typed using two characters but their use changes the sort order which determines the lexicographic presentation of dictionary entries .
1	It consists of building one probabilistic model for the positive and another one for the negative opinions .
0	A session or episode is the evaluation of an agent against an environment for a number of iterations .
1	Statistical methods have been widely employed to study the fundamental properties of language .
0	It then remains to determine for each candidate how many clones to create and how to connect them to the parents .
1	Universal Grammar ( UG ) theory has been one of the most important research topics in linguistics since introduced five decades ago .
0	Authors can have their own styles ( patterns ) in organizing representations .
1	There are five pairs of vowels in Hindi languages ; one member is longer than the other one .
0	The tool which is used for retrieving syntactic structure from a given sentence is called parsing and which is used to retrieve morphological features from a word is called as morphological analyzer .
1	The level of spectral valley serves a similar purpose as that of the spacing between the formants with an added advantage that it can be measured from the spectral envelope without an explicit knowledge of formant frequencies .
0	Another popular technique for finding the distance between two words is the LCS short for Longest Common Subsequence .
1	We also empirically demonstrate that our projectors provide substantial benefits in portfolio selection and density estimation .
0	All classifiers in our system are learned with linear SVMs over the corresponding input features .
1	Our collapsing algorithm however can only deal with MWEs when they form a constituent in the data which is one of the limitations of our approach .
0	The system employs different strategies for parallelizing different types of operators .
1	A second study shows that subjects also prefer adaptive to nonadaptive virtual agents .
0	Applying such domain constraints can effectively reduce the search space .
1	Multiclass prediction is the problem of classifying an object into a relevant target class .
0	The basic components of AnsProlog are atoms that are constructs to which one can assign a truth value .
1	Therefore we propose an algorithm that uses a classifier as one of its components .
0	The sample included some useful words or phrases that made translating the MTBT easier .
1	For many optimization problems it is possible to define a distance metric between problem variables that correlates with the likelihood and strength of interactions between the variables .
0	The basic tool used in this analysis is that of a contraction .
1	This is based on a conversion of the probabilistic logic program and the query and evidence to a weighted CNF formula .
0	The key to the second point is to explicitly give the node split gain .
1	If there are hundreds of comments this makes difficulty even for the native customers to make a buying decision .
0	The sentence list in a given input file will be shown on the Input section .
1	The approach shows that every identifiable causal relation corresponds to one of just two fundamental forms .
0	This hyperparameter was introduced by Moschitti ( 2006b ) 3 as a way to select between two different tree kernels .
1	In this paper we propose the hybrid use of simple specialist linkers in combination with an existing generalist system to address this problem .
0	This prevents agents from relying on color for bot detection .
1	This paper investigates a new method for improving the learning algorithm of Mixture of Experts ( ME ) model using a hybrid of Modified Cuckoo Search ( MCS ) and Conjugate Gradient ( CG ) as a second order optimization technique .
0	The book tb1 is thus not in the main library initially .
1	This paper is an exploratory analysis into fraud detection taking Enron email corpus as the case study .
0	Each question covers a different set of possible values for a given attribute and thus carries a different discriminative power to pinpoint the person that the user is thinking of .
1	The Kaldi toolkit is becoming popular for constructing automated speech recognition ( ASR ) systems .
0	Note that the FQG is only an approximation of the reply relations between fragments .
1	Informledge System ( ILS ) is a knowledge network with autonomous nodes and intelligent links that integrate and structure the pieces of knowledge .
0	An interesting connection can be made between our decision rules and the Take the Best heuristic that has been extensively studied by psychologists since its introduction by 6 .
1	Our model scales linearly in the number of graph edges and learns hidden layer representations that encode both local graph structure and features of nodes .
0	Cost with restrictions on the 15 combinations of two vertices ... ... ... .99 9 .
1	This approach describes the theoretical aspects of the architecture of the whole experimental A.I .
0	The same argument applies to turn the Ford tuple into its own entity tree .
1	Thereafter we explain the similar approaches by pointing out the differences .
0	Coordinate Descent has been applied in a wide span of problems obtaining satisfying results .
1	The parser can be trained on any syntactic dependency treebank and different options are provided in order to make it more flexible and tunable for specific tasks .
0	Moreover the technical specifications of the server that the final system has been deployed play their role as well .
1	This improvement of the expert work efficiency has a meaningful impact on the quality of data analysis .
0	Based on those dates we estimate the probability that the vulnerabilities were discovered and exploited during the months before disclosure .
1	Determiners and quantifiers play a fundamental role in the construction of those formulae .
0	This task aims to classify an opinionated review as expressing positive or negative sentiment over an aspect .
1	Experiments show that our model can generate responses appropriate not only in content but also in emotion .
0	For simplicity the labels of the nodes have been removed .
1	We propose a framework for building graphical causal model that is based on the concept of causal mechanisms .
0	Duplicate terms are omitted from input by comparing the terms .
1	Each neighborhood is accompanied by a weight value which represents the probability of being chosen at each iteration .
0	We select the path that is closest to the relation type to be predicted in the vector space .
1	The main idea of the method is to approximate the optimal value function by a set of basis functions and optimize their weights by linear programming ( LP ) .
0	Absorption probabilities of each recurrent classes can also be efficiently computed .
1	Automatic speech recognition experiments show that replacing noisy speech signals by the corresponding enhanced speech signals leads to an improvement in the recognition accuracies .
0	The topics outlined in Table 6 are by far the noisiest and least interpretable demonstrated thus far .
1	We present PAC learning results that analyze the conditions under which such learning is possible .
0	We train the policy of the brush agent on the shape shown in Figure 4 ( c ) through our training strategy introduced in Section 3.4 .
1	We are convinced that practically all theoretical results and procedures connected with decomposable models and Bayesian networks can be translated into the terminology introduced in this paper .
0	They both outperformed all other teams on two tasks ( C and E ) .
1	We used our algorithm to analyze a corpus of 1.2 million books ( 33 billion words ) with thousands of topics .
0	By adding a member to the set clearly the number of common properties does not increase and generally decreases .
1	We present a novel analysis that bounds the generalization error for the top ranked instances for the proposed approach .
0	It is demonstrated that problem III.12 with an appropriate parameter value is equivalent to problem III.9 [ 29 ] .
1	The LVCSR in this system showed enough performance levels for speech with acoustic and language models derived from a query corpus with target contents .
0	In formulae we will denote logical variables using the letter v and some subscript such as v1 .
1	So we will be able to develop transport applications and to add other features which will be created from other datasets .
0	Search of a local minimum can be carried out with use of the above mentioned function of MATLAB package fminsearch ( ) .For each candidate in epipole with the number i we find optimum fundamental matrix Fi .
1	We demonstrate that an agent can still detect the actual situation when the ratio of noisy sensing actions vs. accurate sensing actions is limited .
0	The system performs morphological transformations on each word or phrase .
1	This technique was a key facet of the solution of the second place team in the recently concluded Netflix Prize competition .
0	Plots comparing estimated posterior probabilities for parent sets for these two cases are given in Figs 2 and 3 .
1	This is the first theoretical and empirical study of constraint processing in lifted inference .
0	This classification technique analyses the relationship between each feature and the class for each instance to derive a conditional probability for the relationships between the feature values and the Class .
1	Our empirical results show that MRE methods are promising approaches for explanation in Bayesian networks .
0	Each of these makes also has a few models associated with them ( their children ) .
1	The results also show Support Vector Machine is superior to other classification algorithms employed in this research .
0	Its BoA depends on the neural tree and is defined for two cases .
1	This paper reports on the release of the user feedback collected so far and on the plans for the future .
0	These automatically constructed lists act as a proxy for the gold affixes .
1	The experimental results showed that the additional features are quite effective in the sarcasm detection .
0	6 of this exact sampler used to query the infinite gaussianmixture model from Section 3 .
1	( 2005 ) for sequences of experiments when all possible directed acyclic graphs over N variables are considered .
0	We use vCase ( s ) to represent value functions in exactly the same manner .
1	We propose learning this mapping using a recurrent neural network .
0	Fig5.Samples from the same object of Extended Yale B dataset ( a ) ( b ) Fig6 .
1	Two of the key components of an ensemble system are that there should be diversity among the classifiers and that there should be a mechanism through which the results are combined .
0	and a specific editing interface for contributing directly to the dictionaries available on the platform .
1	The need for designing systems for other languages is increasing such as Arabic language .
0	This would mean that cow and snow should not appear in the same chain .
1	Dysarthria is malfunctioning of motor speech caused by faintness in the human nervous system .
0	A Comparative Study on Arabic POS Tagging using Quran Corpus .
1	Work on these problems may lead to a better understanding of how semantic relatedness is to be measured .
0	This can be accomplished by parsing the HTML returned by the search engine directly .
1	HCV has very high mutation rate that makes it resistant to antibodies .
0	From the table it is observed that the VR regularizer is an improvement over the standard L2 regularizer .
1	We describe and analyze both optimal and approximate algorithms for solving bilinear programs .
0	It might actually be quite expensive as we show in this section .
1	We show that this combination of simple techniques provides better responses to a highly dynamic environment than the dynamic RRT variants .
0	The number of regression classes was also set to 16 .
1	Our model compares favourably in common quality metrics for image captioning .
0	Equation 7 allows to combine heterogeneous types of domain knowledge ( manually specified such as method A and D and automatically derived such as methods B and C ) .
1	It is based on local uncertainty propagation rules which provide the best bracketing of a conditional probability of interest from the knowledge of the bracketing of some other conditional probabilities .
0	Another important difference between FORTE MBC and ILED is the way that the former handles a potential incompleteness which may result from the specialization of a clause .
1	Distributional models that learn rich semantic word representations are a success story of recent NLP research .
0	The question is : Can we find such a chain of permutations that will bring all 0s and 1s from the initial string into a certain order specified a priori ?
1	I propose three simple Bayesian algorithms for adaptively allocating measurement effort .
0	The outputs of third layer are the compressed data and are called the nonlinear principal components which may be viewed as a nonlinear generalization of the principal components .
1	I find that this approach offers some improvement to these entailment algorithms .
0	Its main drawback is that it is slightly slower than intensity encoding .
1	The first decade of this century has seen the nascency of the first mathematical theory of general artificial intelligence .
0	Consider a sphere around the point x j of radius r j .
1	Many real world problems can be defined as optimisation problems in which the aim is to maximise an objective function .
0	We use the standard string match features that are described in every other coreference paper .
1	A stability criterion based on Lyapunov approach is used to prove both asymptotic stability of estimation error and stability in the estimated parameters suitable for identification of nonlinear dynamic systems .
0	java.lang.String toString ( ) Converts to a string representation the HeadInfo object .
1	We describe a software architecture by which the behavior of a bot acting inside the Quake 3 Arena can be controlled by a planner .
0	Parsing a simple Picture : Consider as an example how a child may process a simple image containing a rectangle colored blue and a triangle colored red partially overlapping .
1	The performance of the classification by cubic SVM is satisfactorily represented by confusion matrix and ROC curve reflecting the accuracy of each module .
0	We applied the CQC algorithm to each of them and also to their lemmas .
1	We present a novel summarization framework for reviews of products and services by selecting informative and concise text segments from the reviews .
0	5 ( a ) plots the precision of the output of each algorithm compared to that of Alg 0 ( treated as ground truth ) .
1	Intrusion detection is a relatively new addition to such techniques .
0	To use such objectives we will just need to replace our multiclass log loss with the corresponding loss .
1	Bayesian networks can be used to extract explanations about the observed state of a subset of variables .
0	The reader can now check that this contradicts the results of our theorem search since both of these axiom sets are among the impossibility theorems in Table 1 ( Impossibilities No .
1	The decision was taken based on the heuristic subspacing scheme .
0	It is a software package that contains implementations of a variety of MLN inference and learning algorithms .
1	In chemistry the conjunction of all of these structural levels produces what we perceive as matter .
0	These models were tested on a random frame from the test video .
1	Prior work proposed a variety of models and feature sets for training a system .
0	This might be because of two reasons : either T is not an invariant or our sufficient conditions are not powerful enough to capture it .
1	This is an important problem in its own right as well as in the larger context of open domain question answering .
0	The variable valve timing capability of the engine enables trapping suitable quantities of exhaust gas in the cylinder .
1	We present a probabilistic model that simultaneously learns alignments and distributed representations for bilingual data .
0	Next we aim to further bound the last term in ( 13 ) .
1	We use coherent and meaningful collections of nearly 1000 texts to show how we can measure inherent ultrametricity .
0	It tries to capture the meaning of the language based on these rules .
1	The new learning methodology provide a formal connection between computational architectures with multiple layers and the theme of kernel learning in standard regularization methods .
0	The choice of a matrix representation for partitions on the set of vertices .
1	For this we first define a notion of categorical tfidf which measures the relevance of terms in categories .
0	Only the restaurant and hotel domains contained gold target annotations so we did not use this feature in the laptop domain .
1	This paper introduces a principled approach for the design of a scalable general reinforcement learning agent .
0	Detailed description of each corpus is provided in the supplementary information .
1	We study the problem of face deblurring by inserting weak supervision in the form of alignment in a deep network .
0	But now suppose the doctor does not treat Billy on Monday .
1	In our application methodologies are presented for exploring open information .
0	Hence hypernym recommendation step is dealing with noisy conceptinstance pairs as input .
1	Recent works on word representations mostly rely on predictive models .
0	We assume that the basic specification of the C language is given by the automaton shown in Figure 2 .
1	This paper is concerned with nearest neighbor search in distributional semantic models .
0	We analyze the effectiveness of extraction patterns in 5.3 and compare the performance of different sentiment classifiers and segments filters in 5.4 .
1	This paper analyses the influence of including agents of different degrees of intelligence in a multiagent system .
0	Each normal rule is generated by picking the head and each body atom u.a.r .
1	Achieving joint objectives by teams of cooperative planning agents requires significant coordination and communication efforts .
0	the arc which would involve the highest cost augmentation if it was enforced .
1	The system also provides the researchers a graphical interactive interface to submit their hypothesis for assessment in a more convenient way .
0	( 9 ) kv v Q denotes the probability that all terms in query are generated from topic k and the second part of Eqn .
1	The performance of control method is verified through a series of simulation and numerical results are provided as illustrations .
0	This pattern may allow us to detect whether an endogenous transformation could be applied in a fixed point scheme .
1	For both we consider approximations in which only a factored belief state is maintained .
0	This significantly decreases the time needed to find a path .
1	In this article we investigate both the locus of ambiguity in the architecture of Language and the origin of ambiguity in natural communication systems .
0	One of the main drawbacks of the aforementioned active learning techniques is that is does not pay attention to the information held in unlabeled data besides considering it as potential queries .
1	This paper presents a new anytime algorithm for the marginal MAP problem in graphical models .
0	5 In this article we consider the two aspects that have not been previously studied in depth in word cooccurrence networks : ( 1 ) the effect of the strength of links and ( 2 ) the word forms that vertices stand for .
1	Existing methods for recovering epipolar geometry use corresponding feature points that can not be found in such images .
0	The official start times for the games were announced in advance by the organization .
1	We propose an approximation which provides high confidence lower bounds on probability of evidence but does not have any guarantees in terms of relative or absolute error .
0	[ 6 ] have access to the actual events of soccer games and use a mapping between commentaries and real events of the game for training .
1	We present a study to analyze how word use can predict social engagement behaviors such as replies and retweets in Twitter .
0	of 6th International Conference on Natural Language Processing ( ICON ) .
1	We describe a new heuristic approach for efficiently approximating our GSA rule .
0	This can be done by using a white noise source and moving it throughout the room .
1	Recent work has considered the setting where each point has a few arbitrarily corrupted components .
0	Their evaluation method is inspired by those used in text summarization .
1	Twitter has become a major source of data for social media researchers .
0	We basically followed the Baseline System with the exception of tuning the phase and replacing our source and target languages with sequences of characters and instead of sequences of words .
1	This paper proposes a design for a system to generate constraint solvers that are specialised for specific problem models .
0	Convolutional Neural Networks have recently surpassed human performance on object recognition [ 17 ] .
1	This paper considers and rejects the possibility of this outcome .
0	The recursive neural network follows the structure of an external parse tree .
1	This paper introduces coordinate system selection ( RSS ) into the search algorithm for MERT .
0	Using a burnin period of 10 iterations improves the convergence time .
1	Extracting individual process models showing user behavior is an important instrument in achieving this goal .
0	The initial list was composed of the top frequent words in a large random sample of articles .
1	The real prototype of the dictionary with a few key pages is published .
0	( 16 ) and which can be clearly extended to an arbitrary depth .
1	The advantage in a CBR approach is that systems can be built in minimal time with far less human effort after initial consultation with experts .
0	TER [ 14 ] compares the SMT and reference translations to determine the minimum number of edits a human would need to make for the translations to be equivalent in both fluency and semantics .
1	The approach exploits only a word thesaurus in order to devise implicit semantic links between words .
0	The second example consists of formulas from a classical MLN about smokers .
1	Inference for latent feature models is inherently difficult as the inference space grows exponentially with the size of the input data and number of latent features .
0	This expression evaluates to True precisely when property ( 1 ) is satisfied .
1	It is released with the Apache version 2.0 license and can be used for both commercial and academic purposes .
0	This was done to approximate the direct object that would have been ideally extracted with a dependency parse .
1	Circumscription is a representative example of a nonmonotonic reasoning inference technique .
0	The output gate got controls the weights of generating an emotion or a generic word .
1	Unconfirmed ( novel ) information with respect to the news articles is considered as an indication of rumours .
0	Dimensionality reduction is achieved through projection of the document term occurrence vectors onto the subspace spanned by the vectors with the largest Eigen values in the decomposition .
1	Plagiarism is one of the growing issues in academia and is always a concern in Universities and other academic institutions .
0	This is also the hypothesis that we follow for meaning representation .
1	The scale of these variations depends on the applied PP and utilized CM for a PCM .
0	A literal gloss of the German sentence is Kim promises timely to come .
1	Most of the initial research has focussed on the development and application of algorithms to better existing and emerging classifiers .
0	A simple way of calculating the number of splits necessary to match two graphs G1 and G2 is to count for each node x of G1 the number i of different nodes of G2 that intersect with x .
1	The stochastic shortest path problem ( SSP ) is a highly expressive model for probabilistic planning .
0	Exploring these structures would require a change in the the semantics of the experiment so that people could understand what they were reporting in the presence of dynamical interactions .
1	It proposes a complexity study of the problem of finding an optimal strategy depending on the monotonicity property of the optimization criteria which allows the application of dynamic programming that offers a polytime reduction of the decision problem .
0	In this paper we consider identification task for TIMIT Speaker database .
1	We propose a model for this task which does not rely on such features but instead utilizes sentential features coming from convolutional neural networks .
0	So the basic idea of CG is to add one constraint at a time to the dual problem until an optimal solution is identified .
1	We will show experimentally that the algorithm is both effective and efficient in validating and falsifying instances of the probabilistic CI implication problem .
0	This allows one to apply the technique in more problem domains and also allows models from problem instances of one size to be useful in solving problem instances of different sizes ( see figure 1 ) .
1	We extend the framework proposed in [ 22 ] with the capability of managing noisy sensings .
0	Recall that each of these variables describes the position of an agent at the end of a planning epoch .
1	Our experiments on random problems show that variable elimination can significantly improve the efficiency of solving problems with functional constraints .
0	Support faceted search to help users perform exploratory search and enable discovery .
1	The approach is demonstrated experimentally with the factorization of the Hadamard matrix and with synthetic dictionary learning experiments .
0	We also want to ensure that the initial state within a cluster has a small influence on the probability of transitioning to some neighboring cluster and the associated costs .
1	We also perform manual evaluation on a small subset of the data to verify the effectiveness of our knowledge base completion methods and the correctness of our proposed automatic evaluation method .
0	[ 3 ] calculates the covariance distance in the Riemannian manifold .
1	Efficiently finding the maximum a posteriori ( MAP ) configuration of a graphical model is an important problem which is often implemented using message passing algorithms .
0	This suggests that a reusable lexicon of verbs would be helpful for GF application developers .
1	We then illustrate the interest of our review by applying a selection of these features to the offline influence detection problem .
0	The choice of language is very inconsistent over the corpus as a whole .
1	The combined approach of the Qualitative Reasoning and Probabilistic Functions for the knowledge representation is proposed .
0	It discusses the approaches that are used for keyword extraction and various domains of dataset in which experiments are performed as shown in Table 2 .
1	The design of neural architectures for structured objects is typically guided by experimental insights rather than a formal process .
0	A Markov chain is a stochastic process in which the future state of the process is based solely on its present state .
1	The heads and bodies reflect the size of language cores identified by linguists for basic communication .
0	The difference between manifold algorithm and harmonic approach is whether the given labeling of the labeled nodes is clamped .
1	Current approaches generally focus on relatively shallow semantics and do not account for numeric quantities .
0	We mention negative feedback signals and generalization as topics for further work in Section 6 .
1	Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient ( MFCC ) is used as feature extraction method and Generalized Regression Neural Network is used as recognizer .
0	The results are collected in Table 12 and represented by the Figure13 .
1	Many algorithms for approximate inference with such models are based on sampling .
0	In both cases the assumption is made that the probability of the data is only dependent on the parametrization .
1	Our experimental results confirm our factored uniformization performs better than previously suggested uniformization methods and the mean field algorithm .
0	These are then fetched to the Preprocessor and the core processing starts again .
1	This solution allows easily deploying this system in the Internet .
0	This feature can be very valuable when our clinical data set presents such kind of long term dependencies .
1	Linear Programming ( LP ) relaxations have become powerful tools for finding the most probable ( MAP ) configuration in graphical models .
0	words which are unique to the user [ 62 ] .
1	We also show that our features combined with the phrase table probabilities improve the BLEU score by 0.74 points
0	The same derivability pattern which helped us for sentence ( 1 ) leads to overgeneration for sentence ( 2 ) .
1	Hyperspectral signature classification is a quantitative analysis approach for hyperspectral imagery which performs detection and classification of the constituent materials at the pixel level in the scene .
0	The bottom two plots are the results of SPB trained with normal target lines .
1	We construct such graphs on large Russian corpora and then apply this data to cluster the results of Mail.ru search according to meanings of the query .
0	More radically in any language we can find pairs of words associating contrary meanings .
1	This lemmatization software is written entirely in Java and is distributed as a GATE plugin .
0	This would potentially show biased results due to the methods used .
1	We also propose a way to quantitatively compare adversarial networks by having the generators and discriminators of these networks compete against each other .
0	Serious game at www.socialimpactgames.com is categorized as 1 ) Education and learning games 2 ) Public Policy games 3 ) Political and Social games 4 ) Health and Wellness games 5 ) Business games 6 ) Military games 7 ) Advergames 8 ) Commercial ( COTS ) games After looking one by one each of game at www.socialimpactgames.com then we assume that : all the games are serious game which is not fully serious game .
1	It studies on aligning a textual entity mention to its corresponding disambiguated entry in a knowledge repository .
0	There are two main approaches to solving bilinear programs optimally .
1	The lexicon includes terms common from both general English and terms specific to social media communications .
0	tried to detect session boundaries on the basis of search patterns and time intervals in query logs [ 12 ] .
1	These properties have been confirmed by our experimental results on a variety of data sets .
0	Table 1 summarizes related embedding models for link prediction and KB completion .
1	The paper proposes a mechanism for automatically classifying emails and create dynamic groups that belong to these messages .
0	Common interface examples that require information processing are menus and toolbars .
1	The identification results are comparable to those obtained by human efforts .
0	The method attributes each utterance to one of the following six categories : 1 .
1	It has been particularly successful in the game of Go but the reasons for its success are not well understood and attempts to replicate its success in other domains such as Chess have failed .
0	During the second iteration no change is performed and the algorithm terminates .
1	A continuous chance variable in an influence diagram is said to be deterministic if its conditional distributions have zero variances .
0	Because the network has converged on the current set of observed data A the first derivative of the log likelihood is also set to zero .
1	These features should describe each segment in such a characteristic way that other similar segments can be grouped together by comparing their features .
0	He constructs rules that minimize expected total costs in this limit .
1	Natural language generation of coherent long texts like paragraphs or longer documents is a challenging problem for recurrent networks models .
0	Recognition of an unknown speech begins with extracting feature and generating a feature vector for a particular speech by using different vectors generating technique as discussed in training module .
1	Further spatial pooling layers in the convolutional architecture reduce the dimensionality without losing excessive information .
0	Let NW denote the total number of words and NS the total number of entities and relation types .
1	This work investigates a solution to this problem that combines Markov Decision Processes ( MDP ) and Reinforcement Learning ( RL ) with Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) in a method we call ASP ( RL ) .
0	An algorithm aiming to minimize the number of experiments must therefore break down cliques of connected variables as fast as possible .
1	We call a program in this language an epistemic logic program ( ELP ) .
0	The loss function depends not only on the direct influence of the hidden layer but also on the values from hidden layer during the next time step .
1	We verify the proposed method with quantitative and qualitative experiments .
0	In this chapter we have presented a novel method for learning multilingual word embeddings using parallel data in conjunction with a multilingual objective function for compositional vector models .
1	The resulting posterior distribution directly captures the uncertainty over the maximum of the unknown function .
0	Thus the matrix representation feature extraction process based on this approach is summarized in Algorithm 2 .
1	The general approach used for development of tagger is statistical using trigram Method .
0	The system should maintain a log of the current question and answer if the user is not satisfied .
1	We demonstrate the efficacy of our method via a series of synthetic experiments and an Amazon Mechanical Turk experiment on a restaurant recommendations dataset .
0	Statistical testing of log statistic differences in addition to calculating relative information gain enables us to distinguish between information gain obtained by chance and actual information gain .
1	For the stochastic case the pareto regret frontier is characterised exactly up to constant factors .
0	( We will come back to this issue later in the paper ) .
1	I also give upper bounds in both the stochastic and adversarial settings showing that this result can not be improved .
0	We generalize this fact to graphs which do not have a product structure .
1	Specifying a lexicon is mostly straightforward in the case of nouns ( incl .
0	Both monolingual and multilingual language identification seek to assign label ( s ) to a single document or sentence .
1	Its complexity may increase dramatically with the connectivity and state space cardinality of Bayesian network nodes .
0	The proof has been slightly simplified by using distinct variables for the words instead of complex lambda terms ( ie .
1	We then question why some approaches are more successful than others in different language pairs .
0	This work was supported by the German Research Foundation ( DFG ) in project D8 of SFB 732 .
1	We demonstrate our approach by reengineering the MOLTO Phrasebook application grammar .
0	Os testes foram realizados num computador com processador i5 2.6 GHz e 6 GB de memoria RAM no sistema operacional Ubuntu 14.04 de 64 bits .
1	And finally we also demonstrate its potential in precisely discovering newly emerging topics or unexpected events in Weibo at pretty early stages .
0	It generalizes both the KilgourGerchak and Lambert mechanisms for the purposes of this paper .
1	The complete characterisation of all tractable classes defined by forbidding patterns ( where a pattern is simply a compact representation of a set of subproblems ) is a challenging problem .
0	The template file gives the complete idea about the feature selection .
1	We emphasize that not all instances are equally sensitive to changes in actions .
0	We will show that our algorithm has a better guarantee for larger q .
1	Their queries have potential role in exploring new relations which may open up a new area of investigation .
0	The maximum number of iterations T is set to a high value ( 1000 ) .
1	The first algorithm is a weakly supervised machine learning approach for classification of temporal relations between events .
0	( 16 ) We separately bound the first and the second term of RHS .
1	We present a new action recognition deep neural network which adaptively learns the best action velocities in addition to the classification .
0	The stage of verification of information taking their value in a closed list is important .
1	Distributed word representations ( aka word embeddings ) are trained to optimally predict the contexts in which the corresponding words tend to appear .
0	We show how to derive ensemble learning directly from kernel methods like SVM .
1	There is a generic way to add any new feature to a system .
0	The closeness of agreement corrected for chance and actual agreement indicates that expected agreement due to chance is quite low .
1	It is challenging for a roboticist to program a robot for each of these object types and for each of their instantiations .
0	o index2.pl : Perl program that removes errors from the output of createIndex.pl .
1	This paper describes a parsing model that combines the exact dynamic programming of CRF parsing with the rich nonlinear featurization of neural net approaches .
0	Another interesting scenario is when the crowdsourcer attempts to estimate the worker skill levels from the data it has collected as part of the inference .
1	Our method is as simple and efficient as standard dropout .
0	The computational work in this thesis also covered other areas .
1	Recognition and pose estimation in this system are user independent and robust as we will be using colour tapes on our finger to perform actions .
0	We use concepts from the geometry of Banach spaces to establish these optimality results for mirror descent .
1	Mammography is the most widely used method to screen breast cancer .
0	A stop word is a word which can be considered irrelevant for the text analysis ( e.g .
1	That proves the effectiveness of proposed method for erasing the text in natural scene images .
0	This rate falls short of the O ( p2n ) rate promised in the example ; it is no better than the rate if G were a tree .
1	The properties of this graph separation as well as of local independence are investigated in detail within a framework of asymmetric ( semi ) graphoids allowing a deeper insight into what information can be read off these graphs .
0	Let P be a possibilistic definite program and V a valuation .
1	We do this through several experiments that are visualized on polygons to understand how and when these stochastic optimization methods find minima .
0	This ontology was built based on classic Arabic language rather than the blogs modern language .
1	Our empirical tests confirm the importance of constraint processing in lifted inference .
0	For the sake of simplicity we assume that only leave nodes lead to utilities .
1	The goal of the first player is to minimize the expected casualties undergone by a convoy .
0	24 An action has a goal : when executed successfully the action completes the asset associated with its goal .
1	The main advantage of a deep semantic analyse is too represent meaning by logical formulae that can be easily used e.g .
0	We are the first to study the problem of topic segmentation in asynchronous conversation .
1	A particularly successful role for Inductive Logic Programming ( ILP ) is as a tool for discovering useful relational features for subsequent use in a predictive model .
0	The details of the proposed framework will be described in the following sections .
1	Our user study with ninety users resonates with this result : individual segments extracted and filtered by our method are rated as more useful by users compared to previous approaches by users .
0	Next we will combine hj and aj using a comparison function .
1	This approach and the specification and use of the resulting ontology of 3D visualization techniques are described in this paper .
0	This fact is also supported by the experimental findings of Turney ( 2006 ) .
1	This framework is about to be deployed in a commercial product for NTL detection .
0	It then updates the state of the world for each pair .
1	We show that this strategy provides a practical solution to some recent theories in social sciences that are facing a lack of methods and tools to automatically extract information from natural language texts .
0	Only 2.4 million comment we could identify to users with known language skills .
1	A core challenge for an agent learning to interact with the world is to predict how its actions affect objects in its environment .
0	A CSP is bound consistent iff every constraint is bound consistent .
1	Our experiments also revealed that compressing convolutional layers can accelerate inference of the entire network in exchange of slight increase in error .
0	They say that the prior polarity of a word may in fact be different from the way the word has been used in the particular context .
1	The implementation of the GUISL has been done in the Java technology to make the system platform independent .
0	These results show that TransGaussian works better than TransE in general .
1	We introduce a framework for representing a variety of interesting problems as inference over the execution of probabilistic model programs .
0	The second module consists of a recipient GSM modem and workstation PC .
1	The other two algorithms require time and space only logarithmic in the size of the policy space when provided access to an oracle for solving classification problems on the space .
0	This relative emphasis that VQ puts on speech transients can be an advantage over other ASR comparison methods for vocabularies of similar words .
1	Many techniques have been developed for summarizing English text ( s ) .
0	A neural network is used to create an embedding of both the context and the candidate response .
1	The Abstract form hides most of the inflections found in Arabic words .
0	In addition spring security has been used to ensure that users have access only to methods that they are supposed to .
1	The core part of such a system is the semantic parser that maps questions to logical forms .
0	EdgeCover ( and Total ) will produce a ( wrong ) alignment and sacrifice precision .
1	In this paper we argue that the difficulty in speech recognition is primarily caused by the high variability in speech signals .
0	Even more helpful would be a multilingual resource grammar of verb valences .
1	The resulting framework enables a clear theoretical study of how properties of the graph structure can cause convergence of the learning process .
0	All variants of the proposed method outperformed the baseline model .
1	We use this structure to enhance the text model and obtain better results in standard NLP operations .
0	That is every pixel of same line will be given a same value .
1	The fuzzy systems that use fuzzy rules to represent the domain knowledge of the problem are known as Fuzzy Rule Base Systems ( FRBS ) .
0	The main result of this section is the following theorem : Theorem 4.5 .
1	We compare several old and new approaches in a word discrimination task .
0	It converts each dictionary into the LMF syntax ( see Figure 8 ) .
1	This makes current Contextual Integrity models not suitable for Online Social Networks .
0	The AGs were presented to the algorithm as the point of view rotated around the object .
1	A new node is formed by a simple composition of prior nodes when we undergo a repeated experience that can be described by that composition .
0	The notion of the levelized graph can sometimes be extended to exploit local hashing if the search space has some regularities on depths such as multiple sequence alignment [ 31 ] .
1	To assess the breadth of practical applications of cognitive architectures we gathered information on over 700 practical projects implemented using the cognitive architectures in our list .
0	From Theorems 6 and 7 it follows that Theorem 8 .
1	Obtaining a survival strategy ( policy ) is one of the fundamental problems of biological agents .
0	We illustrate the approach with the previous toy example using different base classifiers .
1	In this work we address this challenge for the problem of finding maximum weighted cliques .
0	This section is dedicated to computational approaches for analyzing multilingual communication within the social and linguistic contexts .
1	Reproducing the results for our solution can be done by running the scripts included in the Kaggle package .
0	This project is important as it is the first treebank for the Arabic language .
1	We also present an experiment that has been conducted to generate a new lexicon of French verbs and predicative nouns .
0	Thus the least specific possibility distribution is the least informative possibility distribution .
1	The challenge requires the automatic identification of temporal entities and relations in text .
0	The ontology was limited to time nouns which appeared in the Holy Quran .
1	We conclude that concern about this artificial intelligence outcome is misplaced and better directed at policy questions around data access and storage .
0	These methods are overloaded to work with String and DictWord input .
1	It is infeasible to alert the pilot on the state of all subsystems at all times .
0	Usually the list of references plays a important role in the task .
1	We present experiments demonstrating that this approach can result in significant computational savings .
0	The markers as and while receive predominantly temporal interpretations in our corpus .
1	Deep learning has proven useful on many NLP tasks including reading comprehension .
0	We first present multiple informal examples to illustrate reasoning with these defaults ; Definition 3 ( below ) will formalize this reasoning .
1	Specific insights about bidding games in classical auction mechanisms derive from qualitative graphical models .
0	Summarizing the abovementioned we propose the following model for the experimental evaluation of the better approach for establishing the Global Knowledge Map from the collection of text documents .
1	Kidney exchange is a barter market where patients trade willing but medically incompatible donors .
0	The developers of the Stanford parser originally developed it in 2003 as a statistical constituency parser but its working principle significantly changed when Stanford Dependency ( SD ) scheme was developed in 2006 .
1	The paper describes several design issues of Sindhi GUI in the context of existing software tools and technologies and explains how mapping and concatenation techniques have been employed to achieve the cursive shape of Sindhi script .
0	All the structure about the data is captured in the moment conditions ( 4 ) .
1	Error backpropagation is an extremely effective algorithm for assigning credit in artificial neural networks .
0	[ 41 ] presented another NLIDB system to answer questions in the economic survey domain .
1	This is a symmety within a solution of a constraint satisfaction problem .
0	Two turns are attached if there is any adjacency pair between them .
1	In this paper we present SABRINA ( Sentiment Analysis : a Broad Resource for Italian Natural language Applications ) a manually annotated prior polarity lexical resource for Italian natural language applications in the field of opinion mining and sentiment induction .
0	For a more thorough treatment of side conditions see Goodman ( 1999 ) or Eisner and Blatz ( 2007 ) .
1	The advantage of our axiomatic approach is that some properties of a roughness measure follow immediately as soon as the measure satisfies the relevant axiomatic definition .
0	Our model selects the appropriate markers on the basis of distributional evidence while being agnostic to their specific meaning when they are ambiguous .
1	Our study adds value in prediction of suicidal probability of social network users with their behaviors .
0	Collaborators participate using free text entry as opposed to restricted multiplechoice responses .
1	It is useful for applications related to OCR of handwritten Bangla Digit and can also be extended to include OCR of handwritten characters of Bangla alphabet .
0	Each controllable degree of freedom has three corresponding parameters and the right side of the body is constrained to move the same as the left except offset by 180 degrees ; there are 24 policy parameters .
1	One of the solutions is to provide an area for existing users to leave their comments .
0	Analyzing such speeches can thus provide insight into the political priorities of the politician under consideration .
1	This can be thought of as a simulation of interactive machine translation where an SMT system is personalized by a user who provides single point feedback to predicted translations .
0	There are several variations that can be found in the literature when implementing RRTs .
1	Speech recognition system permits ordinary people to speak to the computer to retrieve information .
0	Each solution f to the equations give rise to a complete extension .
1	We show that decision circuits can be constructed in a similar fashion and promise similar benefits .
0	This gives a compressed vector representation of M that can be efficiently stored .
1	A simple modification to the standard naive Bayes implementation allows us to make predictions with partial information .
0	We begin by training the autoencoder as a sole learner from the outer layer to the inner ones .
1	Our system uses Viterbi algorithm to select the optimal path among the solutions proposed by Al Khalil Morpho Sys .
0	The training dataset consists of 5452 labelled questions whereas the test dataset consists of 500 questions .
1	Both approaches rely on learning deep semantic embeddings from a large amount of Query Click Log data obtained from a search engine .
0	A frequently visited concept is hardened and ingrained in memory .
1	Different hazards and pilot states will call for different alerting automation plans .
0	Lemma 14 : Any MAID can be represented as a TAGG with the same space complexity .
1	The method consists of a new search graph based on encoded solutions .
0	The MaxEnt classifier predicts the probability of deleting an edge and outputs a score between zero and one .
1	We consider the matrix completion problem of recovering a structured matrix from noisy and partial measurements .
0	Working with the words in their canonical form is for the sake of generality and simplification of the language model .
1	Our approach provides a new perspective to the role of data in decision making under ambiguity .
0	within the training set ) cross validation to estimate the rate of superfluous comments .
1	Areas for further research could focus on improving the diversity of the ensemble system used in this research .
0	The input features f0i of each graph node vi are computed by averaging the convolutional features of all the pixels belonging to the same superpixel node vi .
1	We apply the proposed framework to the task of quantifying creativity of paintings ( and sculptures ) .
0	Each bucket Bxi contains those functions in F whose latest variable in d is Xi .
1	Ambiguity is an indisputable and ubiquitous feature of linguistic products .
0	A video of the highlighted options can be found online.2 Most algorithms for option discovery can be seen as topdown approaches .
1	The present semantic clustering approach contributes to locate clusters of the synonymous noun tokens present in the document .
0	Calculate fdr ( z ) using equation ( 10 ) .
1	Recognition networks performwell using both correct and incorrect observation biases .
0	We formulate our learning model using the weighted constraint satisfaction framework .
1	Name matching is a key component of systems for entity resolution or record linkage .
0	We use capital letters without subscripts to denote random vectors ( e.g .
1	The paper describes the refinement algorithm for the Calculus of ( Co ) Inductive Constructions ( CIC ) implemented in the interactive theorem prover Matita .
0	We then combine these trees to construct the predicted tree .
1	This is demonstrated in the case where the sets consist of English words processed with WordNet .
0	In the previous subsection we defined a distance function between objects ( and between actions ) .
1	In this paper machine learning techniques are used for determining the polarity of forum posts on kajgana which are written in Macedonian language .
0	This link structure can be used in a number of ways .
1	This work is then used as a basis for building a freely available tagging system with good performance and minimal computational requirements .
0	void setOrigWord2 ( java.lang.String word ) Sets the original form of the second word or phrase in this PathSet .
1	It achieves an unlabeled accuracy of 93.32 on the standard WSJ test set which ranks it among the top dependency parsers .
0	When the algorithm correctly classifies all the examples then the prior and conditional probabilities for each datasets are preserved for future classification of unseen examples .
1	The University of Sheffield ( USFD ) participated in the International Workshop for Spoken Language Translation ( IWSLT ) in 2014 .
0	The elements contained in each category can be seen in Figure 3 .
1	Such inference is necessary for logical questions when the direct comparison of objects from a question and database can not give a result .
0	This definition deals well with all the problematic examples in the literature .
1	The basis of anomaly detection performed by the DCA is facilitated using the correlation of behavioural attributes such as keylogging and packet flooding behaviour .
0	Sections 9.4 and 9.5 describe two parsing algorithms for the pipeline approach and the integrated approach respectively .
1	If general planners are to be applied successfully to large and complex domains it is necessary to provide the domain designer with some assistance in building correctly encoded domains .
0	It is worth distinguishing between two kinds of label disagreements .
1	A good NLIDB allows a user to enter commands and ask questions in native language and then after interpreting respond to the user in native language .
0	1 summarizes the distribution of verbs and exemplar videos in this portion of the corpus .
1	The proposed residual LSTM architecture provides an additional spatial shortcut path from lower layers for efficient training of deep networks with multiple LSTM layers .
0	The problem with local search algorithms is that they repair a solution that it is assumed to be near the feasibility condition .
1	This paper reports on the first steps in the construction of an application designed to handle Next Generation alerts .
0	This question can be answered by testing the oracle accuracy in the different settings .
1	Intuition says that someone who speaks fluently Spanish and Portuguese is linguistically less proficient compared to someone who speaks fluently Spanish and Chinese since it takes more effort for a native Spanish speaker to learn Chinese than Portuguese .
0	The later term relies on the directional Lipschitzness of f with respect to the eigenbasis of M .
1	We find that the optimal approach depends critically on the intended application .
0	Include an open source spell checker to the application 2 .
1	These approaches all make use of type theory at least to compose the meanings .
0	The statistical distribution of the Betti numbers remains conserved during the above defined legal transformations .
1	To explore the applicability of the method a numerical example is considered to determine the monthly production planning quotas and profit of a home textile group .
0	This provides an answer to the first question we posed in Section 1 .
1	The algorithm takes input from the remarks submitted by various teachers of a student .
0	In process is identify that there is a possible homograph word .
1	This research is grounded in a paradigmatic conception of derivational morphology where the morphological structure is a structure of the entire lexicon and not one of the individual words it contains .
0	It is of course necessary to use standard formats for input and output ( R1 ) .
1	Panini was the first to define Grammar for Sanskrit language with about 4000 rules in fifth century .
0	Their CBOW model is also worth noting for its similarities to the composition function used in this paper .
1	Feature space of the documents can be very challenging for document clustering .
0	qTR S12 qTR S13 qTR S21 qTR S22 qTR S23 qTR SM1 .
1	Then the data were reconciled in a ( no match eliminate ) process to reduce bias .
0	( 8 ) This is saying that the valuation w is consistent with principle ( P ) in connection with all the implications of the form ( 3 ) contained in the doctrine .
1	A plain LSTM has an internal memory cell that can learn long term dependencies of sequential data .
0	Position variables further have one positive and one negative occurrence ( where the switch from left position to right position is treated as a polarity change ) .
1	SBVR is grounded in first order logic and includes constructs called semantic formulations that structure the meaning of rules .
0	This allows the model to scale to larger context windows .
1	Negative transfer in training of acoustic models for automatic speech recognition has been reported in several contexts such as domain change or speaker characteristics .
0	Gases such as hydrogen chloride can be acids as well .
1	These descriptions are later translated into natural language texts by the natural language generation system .
0	The number of words wot is used as a normalization factor .
1	Experimental results using reviews of movies show the effectiveness of the system
0	A set is said inseparable if it is not separable .
1	We study both practical and theoretical aspects of the proposed approach .
0	We use a data set from MovieLens to evaluate our presented algorithm .
1	We explore the expression of personality and adaptivity through the gestures of virtual agents in a storytelling task .
0	This was achieved through the use of the CCG formalism to provide a conditioning structure for the matrix vector products that define the RAE .
1	It would be better if these reviews are classified into some category so that the user finds it easier to read .
0	The second use of the invariant analysis aims to make the state representation more efficient .
1	This design problem was tackled by first using the Fuzzy Type II approach to model the noise factors .
0	But this is just a linear combination of L deep random walk kernels ( of different depth ) .
1	[ SCH07 ] by the realization of an automatic speech recognition system ( ASR ) for Arabic language based SPHINX 4 system .
0	Using the POMDP belief prior as heuristic does not give good results .
1	The interdisciplinary nature of the Semantic Web and the many projects put forward by the community led to a large number of widely accepted serialization formats for RDF .
0	( 2015a ) because we do not concatenate contextual information to the units input .
1	We offer a formalisation to allow agents to plan for multiple goals and norms in the presence of durative actions that can be executed concurrently .
0	We present algorithms for both general parameterized Markov chains andPOMDPs controlled by parameterized stochastic policies .
1	Rapid increase in the volume of sentiment rich social media on the web has resulted in an increased interest among researchers regarding Sentimental Analysis and opinion mining .
0	This formula can of course be extended to any finite number of consequences .
1	Machine Transliteration has come out to be an emerging and a very important research area in the field of machine translation .
0	Some labels can be automatically extracted based on the name of a user .
1	We propose methods that transform word vectors into sparse ( and optionally binary ) vectors .
0	The subsection discusses some functions and principles used for simplifying the formulae .
1	It first identifies a set of invariant templates by inspecting the lifted representation of the domain and then checks these templates against properties that assure invariance .
0	Linguistic Space We construct distributional vectors from text through the method recently proposed by Mikolov et al .
1	We also present comparisons with baselines and adaptations of streaming algorithms from itemset mining literature .
0	Acceptable prefixes present as feature : 11 prefixes have been manually identified in Manipuri and the list of prefixes is used as one feature .
1	We release these manual annotations and extracted relations in ten languages from Wikipedia .
0	The last feature plays a significant role in the classification of senders as can be seen from Table 5 .
1	It uses a heuristic estimation of the prior probability of beliefs to choose a bounded number of policy trees : this choice is formulated as a combinatorial optimisation problem minimising the error induced by pruning .
0	To update the state of the system with events we use the Progress subroutine .
1	Our results highlight the positive role of phonetic devices on persuasion .
0	This approach is designed to identify piggybacked packages that are potentially malice from repackaged version of benign apps .
1	We also show how the graph structure can be exploited to drastically speed learning .
0	[ 4 ] proposed a searching method for similar trajectories by focusing on the spatial shapes and comparing spatial shapes of moving object trajectories .
1	From the results obtained it was observed that the final derived map generated by an ensemble system can potentially improve on the results derived from the individual classifiers making up the ensemble system .
0	In the dataset Data I all the users are affected by the action .
1	This paper addresses the problem of organizing egocentric photo streams acquired by a wearable camera into semantically meaningful segments .
0	Much of the initial work in this domain focused on blogs .
1	This strategy effectively solves the label permutation problem observed in deep learning based techniques for speech separation .
0	This requires generating the complete sequence of actions needed to complete the instruction .
1	Here the vowels appear positioned along a front to back continuum reflecting aspects of size and intensity related to the actions described by the verbs .
0	2We distinguish base words from morphological roots which do not strictly speaking have to be valid words in the language .
1	Our experimental results show that it is possible to learn better word representations by using semantic semantics between words .
0	The corresponding matrix is tuned by removing useless templates and adding dummy templates .
1	We also release the train and test data as standard corpus for dialect identification .
0	Section 6.7 compares the annotation scheme to traditional analysis for example syntactic structures and section 6.8 concludes .
1	Recent works on cost based relaxations have improved Constraint Programming ( CP ) models for the Traveling Salesman Problem ( TSP ) .
0	Most popular acoustic model is Hidden Markov Model ( HMM ) .
1	We adjust the model for the Persian language and find the best parameters and hyper parameters for two tasks : translation and transliteration .
0	The formula for transitive verb gapping produces the ( simplified and reduced ) inhabitation machine shown in Figure 17 .
1	Thus selecting the most appropriate measure for a specific task is a significant challenge .
0	The parameters governing such pruning were determined solely on the training set .
1	This paper describes the approach taken to the XML Mining track at INEX 2008 by a group at the Queensland University of Technology .
0	Consider an example of tables containing countries and their capitals .
1	Stemming experiments are conducted on three word collections and classification experiments are done on the Saudi Press Agency dataset .
0	AIXI is complete in the sense that it is not an incomplete framework or partial specification ( like Bayesian statistics which leaves open the choice of the prior or the rational agent framework or the subjective expected utility principle ) but is completely and essentially uniquely defined .
1	It is thus important to understand the effects of statement strength .
0	A path is a sequence of actions ( in a specific order and without branchings ) .
1	We present an analysis of the performance of machine learning classifiers on discriminating between similar languages and language varieties .
0	... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..39 TABLE 4.2 : COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC SIMILARITY MEASURES USING THE MILLER AND CHARLES DATA ... ... ... ... ... ... .43 TABLE 4.3 : COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC SIMILARITY MEASURES USING THE RUBENSTEIN AND GOODENOUGH DATA ... 44 TABLE 4.4 : COMPARISON OF SEMANTIC SIMILARITY MEASURES USING THE FINKELSTEIN ET AL .
1	The goal is to retrieve documents that are semantically relevant to a given user query .
0	But how to combine this fact with the existing architecture of our engine ?
1	We evaluated these approaches in the context of situated dialogue in a virtual world .
0	The underlying idea of partial reranking is to regard only the best n candidates from the basic language model for the semantic model in order to prevent the LSA model from making totally implausible ( i.e .
1	The new family intrinsically combines the higher and lower order measures of the error into a single continuous update based on the error amount .
0	The use of Twitter features produced an accurate performance for classifying trending topics according to the proposed typology .
1	The general aim is to provide a new approach for decision under uncertainty that combines three methodologies : Bayesian networks certainty distribution and fuzzy logic .
0	MAP rewards methods that return suitable responses on the top and also rewards methods that return correct ranking of responses .
1	However recent works tend to show that deep learning may be handled with smaller dataset as long as the training samples are carefully selected ( let us mention for instance curriculum learning ) .
0	The followings exhibit some typical noises being existed in the dataset .
1	We start with basics of DBN where we especially focus in Inference and Learning concepts and algorithms .
0	All resulting key phrases and all changes are stored and used for further enrichment and improvement of key phrases .
1	We show that the upper approximation based on neighborhoods can be defined equivalently without using neighborhoods .
0	Experimental results ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .128 8.1 .
1	Deep learning embeddings have been successfully used for many natural language processing ( NLP ) problems .
0	A formal description of the MLULSP is given by the formulas ( 1 ) to ( 8 ) .
1	The results show that the combined systems outperform three other weakly supervised approaches on the CoNLL data .
0	Estimation of the precision matrix in GGM is the first step in these inference problems .
1	Pattern recognition and classification is a central concern for modern information processing systems .
0	These methods augment the labeled training ar Xi v set with examples from the unlabeled dataset using the labels predicted by the model itself .
1	Our results revealed that the proposed learning algorithm in such bipartite networks provides excellent results mostly when topical features are employed to characterize the context .
0	We now show that we can obtain a concise extended formulation by adding a few extra variables .
1	In this paper we formalize this problem in the framework of a constructive description logic .
0	The words selected in the preprocessing step correspond to the nodes in the graph .
1	Distant labeling for information extraction ( IE ) suffers from noisy training data .
0	The matrix W represents recurrent weights of the network which is trained using backpropagation through time ( BPTT ) algorithm .
1	We propose a system output combination using the pivot strategies which is capable of outperforming the direct translation strategy .
0	When training we employ several procedures introduced by Mikolov et al .
1	Here a novel idea to handle imprecise or vague set viz .
0	We can consider the more general situation where the springs are not necessarily identical .
1	We show the extended stability bound of the LMLS algorithm and analyze the robustness of the LLAD algorithm against impulsive interferences .
0	The key phrases presented in zbMATH are searchable ( by the specification ut : in the search field ) and clickable .
1	In this paper we explore dimensionality reduction methods that draw upon domain knowledge in order to achieve a better low dimensional embedding and visualization of documents .
0	It is interesting that precision shows a reverse trend of that of recall .
1	Gesture recognition is mainly apprehensive on analyzing the functionality of human wits .
0	The core idea of the gradient projection sparse representation method is to find the sparse representation solution along with the gradient descent direction .
1	The model simultaneously identifies the specific years during which such words underwent change .
0	The average gives the average value ( or moderate ) levels of gray from all the pixels in the region of interest ( ROI ) .
1	This algorithm takes a functional interpreter for an arbitrary probabilistic programming language and turns it into an efficient marginalizer .
0	A similar comparison is derived if one considers the best possible expected error obtained by a deep and a shallow network .
1	The folksonomy is the result of free personal information or assignment of tags to an object ( determined by the URI ) in order to find them .
0	We hypothesize that the key cause of this effect is domain adaptation .
1	We demonstrate that length is one aspect of a much more general property of words : how distinctive they are with respect to other words in a language .
0	So far the discussion has been about the effect of data characteristics of the synthetic data .
1	We define a universal framework akin to a Turning Machine that attempts to fit ( most ) NLP tasks into one paradigm .
0	Utility functions are additive factors of the joint utility function .
1	The approach described here allows to use the fuzzy Object Based Representation of imprecise and uncertain knowledge .
0	[ 11 ] proposed the use of hidden Markov models ( HMM ) to capture the statistics of DWT coefficients .
1	We describe the algebra that enables such a system and its efficient implementation using standard relational and text indexing features of a relational database .
0	2 The RuleCNL vocabulary represents the conceptual model of the business domain which defines a cohesive set of interconnected concepts ( domain terms and their relations ) that a given company uses in its talking or writing in the course of doing business .
1	Emotional intelligence is one of the key factors to the success of dialogue systems or conversational agents .
0	Lee ( 1999 ) compared the ability of all three spatial metrics to determine the probability of an unseen ( not found in training data ) word pair .
1	This paper deals with the distributed processing in the search for an optimum classification model using evolutionary product unit neural networks .
0	[ TP I [ V P talked [ PP about [ DP your story [ PP with Mary ] ] ] ] ] ( 5 ) I wonder when Mary said John would leave a .
1	ILS works with information from multiple domains stored in distributed way in the autonomous nodes termed as Knowledge Network Node ( KNN ) .
0	Tests have been performed on a Macbook pro under OS X 10.7.2 and with a 2.7 GHz Intel core i7 and 8Go of DDR3 .
1	The proposed approach is applicable to a wide class of models including multinomial and Gaussian types .
0	This allows the decoder to decide the importance of the LM only when it is deemed necessary .
1	Mental illnesses adversely affect a significant proportion of the population worldwide .
0	We call these Difference of Convex ( DC ) networks .
1	Structure and parameters in a Bayesian network uniquely specify the probability distribution of the modeled domain .
0	Mapping sentences to the noise event allows some flexibility for mapping other sentences correctly .
1	Our study shows that MRE relies on an implicit soft relevance measure in automatically identifying the most relevant target variables and pruning less relevant variables from an explanation .
0	So the lemma holds for all r in Rul ( Ax ) .
1	We also propose a smooth regularizer which encourages the total number of neurons after elimination to be small .
0	Integrating multiple detection sources into a single object track allows annotation of the detections in that track with their source .
1	This is achieved by aligning labels to the output streams automatically during the training time .
0	It is worth noting that all the slave processes perform exactly the same set of operations .
1	There are 7 semantic categories of PPs considered in this document that we are able to classify from an annotated corpus .
0	This table shows that all considered methods perform more or less equally well .
1	We conclude with a discussion on the design implications of microblog text limits for different languages .
0	In this section we will discuss algorithms and hardness results for various VGS problems .
1	This improves the fit between the processed data and its approximation and is in turn shown to induce better separation performance in a speech enhancement experiment .
0	The idea that some resources for BLUE would be more adequate given a specific environment can lead to an interesting expansion to multimodal routing strategies .
1	Especially in the field of digital paleography quantitative features are much needed to differentiate glyphs .
0	They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in a spirit of brotherhood .
1	Experimental results show that the approach based on NHMC models can outperform existing approaches relevant in classification tasks .
0	Consciousness is possibly the most mysterious trait of the human mind .
1	the probability distribution over system states ) is updated based on incomplete and noisy observations .
0	This approach is described in section 2.2 and proposed as a distance between attributed graph in the 3D object application in chapter 10 .
1	The contribution of this paper is that we develop efficient inference algorithms for these tasks .
0	Visualization of a node is defined to be the input pattern ( s ) which activate ( s ) the node maximally under the restriction of the L2 norm of the input to be equal to unity .
1	Based on these visual classifiers we learn how to generate a description using an LSTM .
0	This makes sense since KNN requires storing all of the unique training data and labels .
1	Semantic role labelling ( SRL ) is a task in natural language processing which detects and classifies the semantic arguments associated with the predicates of a sentence .
0	This is the same as the bound obtained by online subgradient descent and related algorithms as well .
1	They show that our model clearly improves the satisfaction of the visitor who follows the proposed tour .
0	The ranking is obtained by ordering users depending on the count or sum obtained for the Influential class .
1	word2vec affords a simple yet powerful approach of extracting quantitative variables from unstructured textual data .
0	( 13 ) ( 14 ) Proof of Lemma 3 .
1	Preliminary experimental results show that our approach outperform word based LMs with the respect to perplexity and translation quality .
0	( Recall that a player captures a strategic entity in the clustered game and is distinct from an agent in the underlying game . )
1	The aim of this paper is to show that feature weighting increases the performance of DIRS .
0	In section 5.2.1 ( page 626 ) we discuss the results achieved by the SMT system when the bilingual dictionary in the corresponding Apertium package is added to the SMT training data .
1	Qualitative and quantitative data indicates that the new tool helps users translate articles easier and faster .
0	Most content analysis of news reports is based on a timeconsuming process of manual coding ; automatic methods are less frequently used .
1	The performance of text classification improves notably when phrase patterns are used .
0	The process now backtracks and flips the branch on tCi by setting it to true .
1	The extracted relations are then propagated using a set of rules .
0	We limited the duration of each event because popular keywords are typically hijacked by spammers after a certain amount of time .
1	The popularity of the terminal devices in a heterogeneous environment of the multimedia technology gives us enough scope for the betterment of image visualization .
0	After this one or more file containing the training data .
1	We define the notion of the anaphoric tree of the term and study its properties .
0	at most 3 shifts in every 7 can be night shifts ) .
1	We assume that the rate matrix of the system can be compactly represented and that the belief distribution is to be approximated as a product of marginals .
0	The above choice was taken in order to prefer scientific collaboration between teams over a strict competitive setting .
1	Embeddings are mostly computed for word forms although a number of recent papers have extended this to other linguistic units like morphemes and phrases .
0	This more natural form of expression promotes communication between annotators .
1	The goals of the workshop were to answer questions like : How can we enhance author network analysis and Bibliometrics using data obtained by text analytics ?
0	The database contains information about 2150 languages ( sampled from across the world ) .
1	The number of documents per label is chosen using label priors and thresholding of vote scores .
0	It was however mentioned in Section 3.5.2.1 that we do not have an algorithm to collapse trees so we can not collapse the output parse trees .
1	We first demonstrate that a simple application of SRL techniques developed for English could not give a good accuracy for Vietnamese .
0	2007 ) uses just 1 or 2 domain values for each variable .
1	Later on the input image was cut according to these areas .
0	The standard BN inference approach for computing EU does not take advantage of some kinds of TAGG structure .
1	This experiment shows that the performance of the tagging process is enhanced when word class distinction is used together with syntactic rules to parse sentences containing unknown words in Sinhala language .
0	Some visualizations of the results of our algorithms are depicted in Figure 2 .
1	System functionalities as well as its internal architecture will be introduced .
0	Here are the parameter settings we use for the experiments that follow .
1	Successive elimination of candidates is often a route to making manipulation intractable to compute .
0	This adds an edge to the graph with s2 as the head node and s1 as the dependent node and r as the edge label .
1	We introduce ancestral pairs as the basis for novel triangulation heuristics and prove that no more than the addition of edges between ancestral pairs need be considered when searching for state space optimal triangulations in such graphs .
0	These restrictions are a set S of states that the agent may not be able to visit and a set A of actions that the agent may not be able to perform .
1	Recent work has shown that deep neural networks are capable of approximating both value functions and policies in reinforcement learning domains featuring continuous state and action spaces .
0	The accuracy reflects the degree of completeness of knowledge about a given subset A of U ; it is defined by the ratio of the cardinalities of the lower and upper approximations .
1	Results suggest the plausibility of automated quality assessment of texts .
0	This article presents the major issues in measuring software quality in use .
1	The following two principles for analysis of emotion inform our work .
0	This is implemented as a mutually recursive function which replicates the algorithm state to process each different match .
1	The problem of learning from seismic recordings has been studied for years .
0	[ 38 ] using deep neural networks and Monte Carlo Tree Search .
1	Political scientists often find themselves tracking amendments to political texts .
0	There is some recent prior work on multilingual distributed representation learning .
1	Overall we have found that for our case study example both discrete event simulation and agent based simulation have the same potential to support the investigation into the efficiency of implementing new management policies .
0	In fact one could safely say that most Banach spaces one would encounter in machine learning applications would be Banach lattices .
1	Involvement of spellchecker would increase the efficiency of speech synthesis by providing spell suggestions for incorrect input text .
0	This is useful in order to determine whether improvements can be achieved by further increasing the unlabeled dataset size .
1	We also found psycholinguistic categories that show significant correlations with such social engagement behaviors .
0	( 2 ) We now concentrate on bounding the RHS ( right hand sides ) of ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) .
1	Previous studies in synonym extraction are most limited to datasets in small scales .
0	We examine the effect of depth on the LSTM architectures and demonstrate a strong correlation between perplexities and BLEU scores .
1	Databases are often hard to use in cooperating with the users because of their rigid interface .
0	This is why we give below some details on the solution that we found .
1	Structural kernels are a flexible learning paradigm that has been widely used in Natural Language Processing .
0	The main problem with early update is that it does not update the weights according to the maximally violated prediction .
1	Recent work developed representation schemes and algorithms for planning in such problems using the value iteration algorithm .
0	This framework is independent of the way segments are generated and therefore can be applied to any method that uses segment as the unit of summary .
1	Many of such difficulties stem from the lack of expressive power to capture the complex relations between items and users .
0	The INEX 2008 XML Mining collection was used to complete the experiments .
1	Texture classification is one of the problems which has been paid much attention on by computer scientists since late 90s .
0	Each such example set was used as a training set in order to acquire an initial hypothesis using ILED .
1	Using ESA results in significant improvements over the previous state of the art in both tasks .
0	Title and description for each of the 75 queries were extracted from the original query set .
1	The user can visualize subgraphs by selecting some ontology features like concepts or individuals .
0	This approach frees users of the model from having to determine themselves how many topics a corpus might contain .
1	The paper posits conclusions like strict servitude and unquestionable faith among employees as breeding grounds for sham among higher executives .
0	Cela donna quelque chose comme : The vodka is strong but the meat is rotten ( la vodka est forte mais la viande est pourrie ) !
1	The benefit of this is illustrated by using these word embeddings as features in the CoNLL 2003 named entity recognition task .
0	The main proposal of this article is thus to raise the lexicographic description of an ILUc to the ILexicOn layer .
1	It has long been recognised that interactivity improves the effectiveness of Knowledge Extraction systems .
0	Assortative mixing is a bias in favor of connections between network nodes with similar characteristics .
1	The results showed that different authors display distinct fluctuation patterns .
0	The reason why HSR does not compare with deep learning algorithms [ 24 ] is due to the common fact that their computational cost is very expensive .
1	It has become imperative to identify the terms used and defined in a consensual and coherent way while preserving linguistic diversity .
0	Figure 2 gives an example of the process of encoding and merging contexts from sentences .
1	The semantics of a MWE can not be expressed after combining the semantics of its constituents .
0	CCPM evaluation gives a minimum for this matrix among all matrices of this set .
1	In this paper we present a natural language generation model which can be used to explain such traces .
0	In this section we present the details of the ones we are using in this work .
1	This suggests that communicating using Twitter and IRC Chat evolved from Talking rather than Writing .
0	( 15 ) The gradient in one set of parameters provides the natural gradient in the other .
1	It describes the properties of linguistic networks built using texts of written language with the words randomized .
0	The third phase of XHAIL functionality concerns the actual search for a hypothesis .
1	Human disease diagnosis is a complicated process and requires high level of expertise .
0	We can see it as appealing to memories in a conversation .
1	This paper aims to identify a list of potential ambiguous words in Malay as an attempt to assist writers to avoid using the vague words while documenting Malay Requirement Specification as well as to any other related Malay documentation .
0	Another drawback of ) Pareto becomes clear when the two decisions have the same order of magnitude on one of the two dimensions : Example 3 ( Luka and the gyms ) .
1	In this work we discuss which are the most important factors that have impact on the classification performance .
0	Running MPLP to convergence results in a much larger number of overall MPLP iterations compared to using only 20 iterations .
1	We provide example clips showing the effectiveness of MidiNet in generating harmonic music .
0	There exist valuable resources annotated with TimeML that have withstood significant scrutiny .
1	Initial analysis on a widespread natural language already showed some positive results .
0	We are also interested in developing some web crawlers to obtain additional data that would most likely prove useful .
1	We infer semantic classes of verbs signaling modality from a purely syntactic classification of 637 German verbs by applying findings from linguistics about correspondences between verb meaning and syntax .
0	The only difference is that the probability measure P is changed into one of belief theoretic functions .
1	In this paper we test the impact of such data quality issues on the accuracy of information extraction systems as applied to the clinical domain .
0	Table 3 gives average regrets for some of our settings .
1	In this position paper two ways in which AISs could be made more biologically realistic are discussed .
0	This is a reasonable assumption and most previous LDA summarization models are based on similar assumptions .
1	The results are plotted for frequency of syllables and the number of syllables in each word .
0	QRN does not need such additional weights as its inherent RNN architecture allows QRN to effectively model the time dependency .
1	Text summarization is a process to produce an abstract or a summary by selecting significant portion of the information from one or more texts .
0	6 ( b ) ) used by the heuristic and is therefore twice as fast .
1	This paper provides a survey of research papers from well known journals and conferences .
0	Automatically processing social media data is more difficult compared to various other types of data that have been used within computational linguistics .
1	SNES games pose a significant challenge to current algorithms due to their higher level of complexity and versatility .
0	15 ) in the period between when the condition holds and when the deadline expires .
1	The problem of learning the structure of Bayesian networks from complete discrete data with a limit on parent set size is considered .
0	( 2007 ) and the work by Seldin et al .
1	In this paper we describe an original computational model for solving different types of Distributed Constraint Satisfaction Problems ( DCSP ) .
0	Approximately eighty MSc students used the system and left feedback either using the form on the website or by email .
1	We introduce relative neighborhood graphs as method to uncover the topological properties of neighborhoods in semantic models .
0	We use a similar approach but we introduce a novel idea : we split the bit extraction into blocks and extract r bits at a time instead of a single bit at a time .
1	A fundamental problem in control is to learn a model of a system from observations that is useful for controller synthesis .
0	We applied the metaphor insight of Tsvetkov et al ( 2014 ) to abstractness and imaginability in order to identify metonymic senses of a word .
1	Two new concepts have been introduced in this paper : ( i ) roulette wheel methodology has been used to calculate the capacity of new transmission lines and ( ii ) load flow analysis has been used to calculate expected demand not served ( EDNS ) .
0	This intuition is confirmed by the following convergence result : Theorem 4.1 .
1	We show that the improved roughness measures in the literature are special instances of our generalized Pawlak roughness measure and introduce three more generalized Pawlak roughness measures as well .
0	These networks were used for MT in [ 30 ] and created a strong model which used next and previous input words for translation .
1	An implementation is given to test and validate this method .
0	IfcOWLrelies on the equivalent IFC schema since all IFC entities are mapped as OWL classes independently of their semantics .
1	The fundamental laws of quantum world upsets the logical foundation of classic physics .
0	In current literature we can find work which contains some useful information from this perspective .
1	We provide efficient inference and learning techniques for PSL and demonstrate its effectiveness both in common relational tasks and in settings that require reasoning about similarity .
0	The utility structure and the signal structure are common knowledge .
1	This raises the question : how do we compare and evaluate these different logical formalisms ?
0	So she ask SSKW about the people among her colleagues who are likely to able to help .
1	Concept based approach has also been implemented on other information retrieval systems to justify the effectiveness of a transition from token based queries to concept based queries .
0	An example of the computation of the accessibility in a small network is shown in figure 2 .
1	This allows statistical sharing across word forms that are similar on the surface .
0	Both row and column measurements are need in order to guarantee unique recovery .
1	Recent advances in deep neural networks have substantially improved the performance of this task .
0	77 out of 80 variably rotated coin images were correctly identified .
1	Minimum error rate training ( MERT ) is a widely used training procedure for statistical machine translation .
0	We use QE to represent the value that C takes .
1	Others allow that a decision is made on a set of hypotheses .
0	Fig 5 shows the class diagram including the core computational functions used in the developed application .
1	Conversational modeling is an important task in natural language understanding and machine intelligence .
0	The degree of relevance is evaluated using a measure called conditional Bayes factor ( CBF ) implicitly encoded in the GBF measure and de ned as follows .
1	A rhetorical structure tree ( RS tree ) is a representation of discourse relations among elementary discourse units ( EDUs ) .
0	Here the context can refer to a document or a sliding window with fixed size .
1	We then use extensive experimentation on real life and benchmark datasets to establish that our method can be orders of magnitude faster than a recently proposed cutting plane method .
0	This approach leads to more informed choices on how to refine hypothetical invariants and can result in the identification of more invariants .
1	The key task of M.A.R.K is to analyze reviews for keywords of potential interest which developers can use to search for useful opinions .
0	Applying CWLK on the CADGs of Geinimi and Yahoo Weather examples ( see Fig .
1	We present a detailed evaluation and comparison of the crisp and probabilistic approaches through experimentation on a benchmark dataset of human surveillance videos .
0	These methods exploit the constrained optimization method with efficient convergence to obtain the sparse solution .
1	Content caching in small base stations ( SBSs ) or wireless infostations is considered as a suitable approach to improve the efficiency in wireless content delivery .
0	We describe in the next section how we evaluate the validity of a plan .
1	It describes the design in detail and gives preliminary experimental results showing the feasibility and effectiveness of the approach .
0	It will be shown that exploiting both information sources improves the sentiment prediction performance compared with a usual text based sentiment classifier .
1	Cognitive acoustic cues have an important role in shaping the phonological structure of language as a means to optimal communication .
0	We then provide a detailed examination of how our model performs on each individual task .
1	This MABC algorithm was applied to a Special suite on Large Scale Continuous Global Optimization at the 2012 IEEE Congress on Evolutionary Computation .
0	One flaw with the neural network mechanism is its tendency to fill in details when details are missing .
1	Text categorization is the process of grouping documents into categories based on their contents .
0	But is it not strange that energy is not conserved ?
1	In doing so we are able to incorporate a soft bias towards inducing few tags per type .
0	The seasonality of BR and SA model should be chosen to reflect certain repetitive characteristic in the traffic .
1	The ability to model search in a constraint solver can be an essential asset for solving combinatorial problems .
0	We compute probabilities for the 54 possible user compound acts in the DSTC2 dataset .
1	Feature selection refers to the problem of selecting relevant features which produce the most predictive outcome .
0	The Cache Management consists of a Cache Controller and a Request Handler .
1	Planning can often be simpli ed by decomposing the task into smaller tasks arranged hierarchically .
0	The effects of a NaN propagate throughout the remainder of the computation and can result in poisoning or classifier evasion .
1	It is found that the nodes are classified intotheir class with very small error .
0	Our first task is to investigate the effect of data order on performance .
1	We initially constrain the centers to points in the dataset .
0	Each gaze fixation results in a fixated entity ( 3D object ) .
1	All these events are formalized semantically using respective domain ontologies and RDF representations of the Web resources being accessed .
0	Future work should explore similar data selection techniques for other training criteria besides MLE .
1	This paper emphasizes on the latter stage to develop Hyper Heuristic ( HH ) framework .
0	CICFGins characterizes apps through the structural dependency among Dalvik instructions .
1	An idiom or proverb is a form of speech or an expression that is peculiar to itself .
0	Indeed they remark that their approach is computationally intensive which leads them to reduce the size of this subset further .
1	Artificial immune systems ( AISs ) to date have generally been inspired by naive biological metaphors .
0	Variables without an upper index will refer to their respective counterparts in the prototype .
1	This thesis presents a study about the integration of information about Multiword Expressions ( MWEs ) into parsing with Combinatory Categorial Grammar ( CCG ) .
0	( 2015 ) ) validation set to compute accuracies in the Table 3 .
1	We propose a computational framework for identifying linguistic aspects of politeness .
0	A reversible transliteration scheme can be used for precisely specifying the orthography of Arabic words in computational work .
1	The whole world is changed rapidly and using the current technologies Internet becomes an essential need for everyone .
0	Here we define a new compactness measure ( Definition 1 ) as the core of the Omiotis measure .
1	The standard coherence criterion for lower previsions is expressed using an infinite number of linear constraints .
0	RNN Design : In both experiments we use deep LSTMs with two layers for the encoder and decoder RNNs .
1	SentiWordNet is typically generated from WordNet in which each synset has numerical scores to indicate its opinion polarities .
0	We now describe the general workflow of our model in the ASL to English direction .
1	The algorithm includes an aspect of policy improvement in the process of policy evaluation and thus differs from the original algorithm .
0	selecting the city with the largest probability at each decoding step .
1	This paper describes performance of CRF based systems for Named Entity Recognition ( NER ) in Indian language as a part of ICON 2013 shared task .
0	Thus far we have discussed a dataset in which memorability is determined through an explicit labeling drawn from the IMDb .
1	We find that joint inference increases the robustness of the keyphrase clustering and encourages the latent topics to correlate with semantically meaningful properties .
0	The main idea is to loop over all domain elements .
1	Intrusion detection systems ( IDS ) are used to find out if someone has intrusion into or is trying to get it the network .
0	The objective is to develop a supervised learning method capable of predicting the feature s using X1 .
1	The mathematical representation of semantics is a key issue for Natural Language Processing ( NLP ) .
0	We conduct a human judgment experiment to compare the quality of generated scenes using the approaches we presented and baseline methods .
1	We investigate the hypothesis that word representations ought to incorporate both distributional and relational semantics .
0	( 2006 ) [ 12 ] devised an unsupervised NER by Generating Gazetteers and Resolving Ambiguity .
1	However it requires a lot of training data which are not available in some domains of application .
0	Next we consider the density of pairwise lexical alignments between language pairs as a predictive measure of their coupled performance .
1	We study algorithms for online nonparametric regression that learn the directions along which the regression function is smoother .
0	0 is is the neutral value ( neither plausible nor implausible ) .
1	The result tightens known generalization bounds and sheds new light on their interpretation .
0	the weight function of the weighted CNF derived from Lg .
1	We show that individual methods trained with a global objective that considers unobserved cells from both the entity and the type side gives consistently higher quality predictions compared to baseline methods .
0	2 ) Modified Features and New Features : Preliminary investigations on the basic feature set give us a rather poor result .
1	Training data contains batches of messages and corresponding regular expressions that an expert postmaster feels confident to blacklist .
0	How much energy can we accumulate during a small interval of time ?
1	We propose an efficient decoding algorithm based on particle filtering that can adapt the beam size to the uncertainty in the model while jointly predicting POS tags and parse trees .
0	3.8 DRAf composition is weak The failure of DRAf to be associative may imply that its composition is also weak .
1	It is a generalization of weighted acceptors ( one tape ) and transducers ( two tapes ) .
0	This indicates that the differences between these runs and the baseline precision are significant .
1	The locality of both structure and probabilistic information are the great benefits of Bayesian networks and require the modeler to only specify local information .
0	CTC is performed on top to resolve the alignment issue in speech transcription .
1	We introduce a new approach which is based instead on variable substitution .
0	We use the SVI update ( 15 ) as an example to illustrate how a combination of the add operator and the multiply operator could be useful .
1	This paper proposes a novel technique to overcome negative transfer by efficient selection of speech data for acoustic model training .
0	This is an analogue of the Riemann zeta function which is represented by the product over all the prime numbers .
1	The performance of te parsers to assignm dependencies between two biomedical concepts that are already proved to be connected is not satisfying .
0	Lin ( 1997 ) ( like Resnik ) points out that the lso is what is common between the two target concepts and that its information content is the common information between the two concepts .
1	This is a way to measure the relevance between events and roles in collaborative environments .
0	( 2 ) Each employed bee produces a new food source in her food source site and exploits the better source .
1	Online retailers try everything possible to gain the trust of the customer .
0	2 ) Partial Parse Tree Path : Many sentences have complicated structure .
1	In this paper we describe and analyze a new algorithm that learns a good set of experts using a training set of previously observed sequences .
0	The hyperclimbing hypothesis is the first scientific theory to venture answers to these questions .
1	One way to extend beyond words is to compare two tuples using a function that combines pairwise similarities between the component words in the tuples .
0	The goal of compressed inference is to predict s given the observation x .
1	We have also compared stock market charts with frequent sets of keywords in Twitter microblogs messages .
0	It is fairly straightforward to write down observation functions for a given model .
1	We take advantage of the fact that certain vocatives indicate family relations between speakers .
0	This term is likely an artifact of our proof and may be removed by finer analysis .
1	The results presented here show that the proposed solution is able to generate coherent summaries with grammatical compressed sentences .
0	The Automatic Speech Recognition ( ASR ) is a computer technology that allows a machine to extract the message oral contained in a speech signal .
1	This experiment also allowed us to establish differences in output accuracy between the two modelling methids .
0	We will limit search to a subset of the decision variables that generates a complete set of assignments and construct the rest of the solution using the generating symmetries .
1	It has been proved that large scale realistic Knowledge Based Machine Translation applications require acquisition of huge knowledge about language and about the world .
0	The bean is called wicket application and then chatbot service is instantiated .
1	One reason may be the complications in the language itself .
0	We have shown that PTransE can achieve high performance for knowledge base completion and relation extraction from text .
1	We train a recurrent neural network ( RNN ) to map dictionary definitions ( phrases ) to ( lexical ) representations of the words those definitions define .
0	[ 7 ] proposed hierarchical controllers and an alternative planning technique that also exploits a user specified hierarchy .
1	Necessary conditions are presented under which generalized gradient learning on time series is consistent .
0	In our experiments we extract image features using the VGG Convolutional Neural Network ( CNN ) [ 29 ] .
1	This paper presents a method for Bengali text summarization which extracts important sentences from a Bengali document to produce a summary .
0	Consider painting pi and consider an incoming edge from a prior painting pk .
1	State of the art benchmarks for Twitter Sentiment Analysis do not consider the fact that for more than half of the tweets from the public stream a distinct sentiment can not be chosen .
0	Table 5.4 ( overleaf ) summarizes the feature tags used in the corpus .
1	It offers promising results both in terms of efficiency and quality .
0	The sample complexity analysis follows directly from a Rademacher generalization bound [ 3 ] .
1	Arabic is also a major ritual language of a number of Christian churches in the Arab world and it is also used in writing several intellectual and religious Jewish books in the Middle Ages .
0	There are three reasons why PCA is an appropriate transformation method for the handwritten characters .
1	We experimentally demonstrate that our algorithm improves the performance by orders of magnitude .
0	Restricting oneself to stay on the character level may be an unnecessarily hard constraint .
1	We compare two different policy formulations : an explicit policy that identifies each location in space and the action to take there ; and an abstract policy that defines the proportion of actions to take across all locations in space .
0	Several lexical resources construction projects used or still use this platform successfully .
1	We compare results from applying this approach to an unannotated Arabic corpus with those achieved by processing the same text in treebank form .
0	The possibility of identifying topical segments within this structure is implicit in the extractions oral historians make from their interviews when presenting their work to others .
1	A sentiment analysis of software reviews is proposed to deal with these issues .
0	The combination of both gives good result that is used in the proposed system .
1	We propose a method as a baseline for further research .
0	The formulation of this scenario is provided in Appendix A .
1	We present a novel method for aligning a sequence of instructions to a video of someone carrying out a task .
0	The selection process is no longer dependent on the language model and the priori probability .
1	The expanded query is then used by the IRS to retrieve the relevant documents searched .
0	This and other possible interdependencies are summarized in Table 3 .
1	We state that the results of these forms of scholarship require new knowledge management and archive practices .
0	All mean weights and EMSE curves were obtained by averaging over 200 independent realizations .
1	The computational complexity is superior to that of other existing approaches .
0	The support restrictions follow from the restricted choice of coefficients and the gamble equation .
1	A variation of our model is also discussed when discourse relations are treated as latent variables .
0	The information about the line on which the dipole lies is handled by a basic classifier which uses this primitive classifier and exchanges L and R appropriately .
1	They are capable of deriving higher order features from input features themselves .
0	In the proposed mechanism they have deals with only inflectional suffixes .
1	The downside of this was that a few sites and applications are able to successfully exploit the sharing of bookmarks .
0	The set of stationary points of F over L ( I ) .
1	The technique is based on the methodology of horizontal visibility graphs .
0	The paper thus aims to investigate the following hypotheses : H1 Seeded STL systems outperform unseeded STL systems .
1	We also present two prototype services and comment on possible future applications in the area of artificial mathematics assistants .
0	A ( generalised ) logic program1 ( GLP ) over an alphabet A is a finite set of rules of the form a1 ; .
1	A combined feature model is then created by augmenting the application form features with the new bank statement derived features .
0	In [ 27 ] a model for scoring phrases was proposed .
1	The new model can discover latent semantics for a relation and leverage a mixture of relation component vectors for embedding a fact triple .
0	2013 ; Holzinger 2005 ; ISO 1998 ; Shackel and Richardson 1991 ) .
1	We propose a computational model for assisting at this process .
0	4.4.2 Using the CWA to set the prior probability of H to zero .
1	In recent years prominent intellectuals have raised ethical concerns about the consequences of artificial intelligence .
0	Let L and M be any two sets of literals .
1	In addition our method has a good quality to collate with noise based on adapting dataset with feature reduction approaches .
0	There it continues to shoot at enemies ( but not collecting divers as it should ) .
1	Modern solvers for Boolean Satisfiability ( SAT ) and Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) are based on sophisticated Boolean constraint solving techniques .
0	[ 171 ] by adding contextual variables that represent states from the US .
1	In our case study we looked at ways of determining the efficiency of implementing new management policies for the fitting room operation through modelling the reactive behaviour of staff and customers of the department .
0	These two characteristics makes this community detection algorithm particularly useful .
1	A similarity measure is proposed based upon the inferred information through topic maps data and structures .
0	This sum will always be equal to 1 and hence the product ( Z ) will be largest only when the two numbers are equal i.e .
1	But few of them implemented and adapted for Persian languages .
0	The theorem applies to both the multinomial and Gaussian cases .
1	We then derive the amount of information that is actually contained in microblog posts authored by selected accounts on Weibo and Twitter .
0	Examples of joint probability ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 50 7 .
1	Dictionary based method is implemented to evaluate the polarity of the remark .
0	Semantic search engines may seriously contribute to the development of electronic business applications since it is based on strong theory and widely accepted standards .
1	Many methods have been developed to secure the network infrastructure and communication over the Internet .
0	The set of all positive evaluated key phrases is a first controlled vocabulary of mathematics ; the irrelevant noun phrases define the bad list .
1	We will be adding entries for other affect dimensions shortly .
0	We will focus on the problem of finding games in which the power index of the game is as close as possible to a given target power index .
1	This software project is under development for listening and replying machine ( Computer ) through speech .
0	Murphy and Weiss ( 2001 ) propose a filtering method called factored frontier ( FF ) .
1	The paper presents a new script classification method for the discrimination of the South Slavic medieval labels .
0	We use feedback to the sampled output structures to construct a parameter update rule that is an unbiased estimate of the true gradient of objective ( 5 ) .
1	In this paper we present survey on the search engine generations and the role of search engines in intelligent web and semantic search technologies .
0	We then choose one of the nodes along this path uniformly at random to be the node which we use for the projection .
1	We introduce a Levin Search variant based on Stochastic Context Free Grammar together with four synergistic update algorithms that use the same grammar as a guiding probability distribution of programs .
0	There is no significant evidence of a main effect of the faces .
1	A potential factor for the variation might be information density .
0	But it has also raised the problem of creating the large amounts of annotated linguistic data needed for training and evaluating such systems .
1	Our algorithm can be thought of as an online version of batch gradient descent with a diagonal preconditioner .
0	4 ) how to optimize the role of the teacher ?
1	The main concept of trigram is to explore the most likely POS for a token based on given information of previous two tags by calculating probabilities to determine which is the best sequence of a tag .
0	The difference in case of HMM is that the symbol does not uniquely identify a state .
1	We also incorporate a shared source of randomness in the form of a correlation device to further increase solution quality with only a limited increase in space and time .
0	Our preliminary experiments show that using O1 alone yields slightly worse performance than combining O1 and O2 .
1	Generating a novel textual description of an image is an interesting problem that connects computer vision and natural language processing .
0	It still consists of 0s and 1s only but the 1s are assumed to be extremely rare .
1	Experiments carried out on various speeches in different languages indicated a successful decrease in the number of ASR errors and an improvement in the overall error correction rate .
0	We choose uniformly at random a small number of words from the unmodified vocabulary for our experiment .
1	Statistical machine translation for dialectal Arabic is characterized by a lack of data since data acquisition involves the transcription and translation of spoken language .
0	This gap in performance motivates a closer examination of the relationship between languages that constitute effective pairings .
1	Linear Support Vector Machines trained on HOG features are now a de facto standard across many visual perception tasks .
0	The test used two different feature selection ( FS ) techniques .
1	A case study is also described to give a comparison of the combination measure with other ones .
0	The same proof applies when h [ t ] is a linear combination of all ci [ t ] since kernel functions are closed under addition .
1	The mobile crowdsourcing platform ( MCSP ) then selects workers based on performance estimates received from the LCs .
0	We trained Morfessor 2.0 ( Creutz and 8We equalized highway layer sizes dHW in both models to have same dimensions for embeddings .
1	This paper presents a prototype Malayalam text to sign language translation system .
0	Some experiments with random graphs are added in section 4.6 .
1	The proposed mechanism is targeted mainly at large enterprises and email service providers and can be used for updating both the black and the white lists .
0	( 4 ) A Result from Analysis of Markov Chains : We shall see that our autonomous learners exchange information with their neighbors .
1	This paper proposes a new feature selection method based on Rough set theory hybrid with Bee Colony Optimization ( BCO ) in an attempt to combat this .
0	Here is an example : Utterance : Are there any jobs using Java that are not with IBM ?
1	The framework implements much of the code that will otherwise have been repeated across different QA systems .
0	In the following section we discuss the main contributions of this thesis .
1	Generalized linear models ( logistical regression in particular ) have demonstrated stronger performance than linear models in many applications .
0	In this paper they proposed the Part Of Speech tagger for Tamil using Machine learning techniques .
1	We show when explicitly normalising neural models is necessary and what optimisation tricks one should use in such scenarios .
0	Many gold standards of word relatedness are in common use .
1	This manuscript introduces the problem of prominent object detection and recognition .
0	From the fact that Fredkin operator is an elementary permutation and any combination of elementary permutations is a permutation again it follows that any computation can be considered as a particular case of a general permutation .
1	At the heart of many scientific conferences is the problem of matching submitted papers to suitable reviewers .
0	Above proof technique can be applied to show that E ( Q ) can be oriented to form a directed acyclic graph ( DAG ) .
1	We present extensive experimental evaluations of our algorithm on both real and synthetic data .
0	We assume that most of the energy of the seismic signature is between 2 [ Hz ] and 12 [ Hz ] .
1	Our results show that incorporating rationality constraints can improve learning when the amount of data is limited .
0	Evaluation of a system generated summary is done by comparing it to the reference summary .
1	This approach is applied on the CIIL Mysore text corpus which is of 3 million words .
0	In this section we explore further conditions under which we can obtain identification guarantees when Nature chooses the tasks .
1	This paper provides a first theoretical analysis of the stochastic behavior of the NNLMF algorithm for stationary Gaussian inputs and slow learning .
0	This behavior can be evaluated by comparing a given annotation with the same annotation where some of the temporal information is taken out .
1	This allows us to treat these sequences similarly and use fewer variables .
0	We group a large number of agents into a much smaller number of clusters .
1	This extension provides a novel algorithm for both policy gradients and Expectation Maximisation in infinite horizon problems .
0	MovieLens is an online movie recommender operated by the research group GroupLens from the University of Minnesota .
1	We design and compare several techniques to recognize walker related activities .
0	The click events are detailed in the subsequent sub points .
1	Such models have succeeded in capturing word similarties as well as semantic and syntactic regularities .
0	The environmental data is used to find the maximum speed at a given position .
1	We follow an optimization approach to enable automatic construction of proper names pronunciation lexicon .
0	Figure 3 shows the test error and training time comparison with respect to different iteration numbers on four image datasets .
1	The network is trained to produce statistics that encapsulate a generative model for each dataset .
0	6It is very unlikely that due to random selection a subtag will not be in train ; this case did not occur in our experiments .
1	Introduction of AI necessitates the importance of normalization in intrusions .
0	Put each ADD in the bucket of its highest ordered variable .
1	We focused on making the inference time in this type of system .
0	One answer that seems reasonable is to choose the lowestnumbered uncited publication .
1	Through qualitative analysis and the study of pivoting effects we demonstrate that our representations are semantically plausible and can capture semantic relationships across languages without parallel data .
0	The dumping factor was set to its default value 0.85 .
1	Extensive past work in quantitative political science provides a framework for empirically modeling the decisions of justices and how they relate to text .
0	Figure 1 shows this distribution for the links in XML Mining subset .
1	In experiments we demonstrate that our approach yields substantial robustness to label noise on several datasets .
0	The second expression can be simplified to be in terms of expected feature counts .
1	We show that inference about creativity in this network reduces to a variant of network centrality problems which can be solved efficiently .
0	Their selection is a nontrivial process and the best choice of the values for metaparameters is usually made by evaluating the models that different values of metaparameters yield .
1	word2vec can serve as a bridge to quickly gather intelligence from such data sources .
0	The meaning of second term however can be understood as follows : N ts measures how often we have visited state s in the recent past .
1	A Corpus is considered as a building block for any language processing tasks .
0	Smooth and strongly convex function We now turn to study smooth and strongly convex objective functions .
1	With this high quantity of sequential data comes the potential to apply time series models to learn about underlying behavioral patterns and trends that characterize successful learning based on the granular record of student actions .
0	it minimizes the difference in happiness of all the men and women .
1	The only application of VOT values is stopping phoneme subsets .
0	Instead the concepts should be aligned on the basis of their semantics equality [ 15 ] .
1	This method was then used to construct the approximate Pareto frontier as well as to identify the best solution option in a fuzzy setting .
0	Coherence Evaluation Neither BLEU nor ROUGE attempts to evaluate true coherence .
1	We study hierarchical variational models on a variety of deep discrete latent variable models .
0	We have adapted matlabs vector multiplication for this end so that it evaluates the outcome only at specified positions of the result matrix .
1	The automatic ranking of word pairs as per their semantic relatedness and ability to mimic human notions of semantic relatedness has widespread applications .
0	This leads to higher accuracy while using less features as was shown in our experiments on image classification .
1	I will also introduce a new free corpus consisting of 2822 unique annotated temporal expressions .
0	The shortest path between x and z going through y will always be greater or equal to the shortest path between x and z as the word y introduces the extra distance in the taxonomy towards the first common node .
1	Search engine logs store detailed information on Web users interactions .
0	This ranking helps the system to chose the sentence which is closer to the sample image .
1	People can refer to quantities in a visual scene by using either exact cardinals ( e.g .
0	The expressions are translated into standard MiniZinc annotations that are understood by the FlatZinc interpreter .
1	This means that we can get an annotated version of any document or book with the same number of pages and fontsize .
0	The following are all underivable ( assuming no occurrences of x in B ) .
1	Semantic Web is actually an extension of the current one in that it represents information more meaningfully for humans and computers alike .
0	The base learning rates were set to 0.001 and the number of output neurons in the last fully connected layer were set to the number of training ANPs of each language .
1	Valuation algebras abstract a large number of formalisms for automated reasoning and enable the definition of generic inference procedures .
0	The expected fraction of the samples they contribute to can thus be used as an estimate of the relative importance of the features .
1	In recent years there is a growing interest in using deep representations for reinforcement learning .
0	Relation scoring network We compare our proposed method with two previously used models .
1	This is a survey of the method of graph cuts and its applications to graph clustering of weighted unsigned and signed graphs .
0	If an utterance can not be attributed heuristically a supervised approach is considered .
1	This paper presents a novel approach for enhancing the multiple sets of acoustic patterns automatically discovered from a given corpus .
0	rdfs : range is used to declare that the values of a property are instances of one or more classes .
1	Hybridized approach for feature extraction and acoustic modelling technique along with evolutionary algorithm is proposed for increasing the efficiency of the overall system .
0	It is clear that parameters of the model are not available in the first iteration of EM .
1	It provides a generalisation of expected utility enhancing both descriptive and prescriptive possibilities .
0	They are presenting a new disambiguation system that is faster and more accurate .
1	Rollating walkers are popular mobility aids used by older adults to improve balance control .
0	agents along with the environment in the form of LTS .
1	We have extended the standard tree edit distance algorithm to deal with subtree transformation operations as well as single nodes .
0	A novel aspect of applying a language model in the visual domain instead of the linguistic domain is that the language model can additionally help in recovering occluded information .
1	The set of interpersonal relationships on a social network service or a similar online community is usually highly heterogenous .
0	In order to improve this similar questions have been added that have the same answer .
1	A Bayesian belief network models a joint distribution with an directed acyclic graph representing dependencies among variables and network parameters characterizing conditional distributions .
0	An army controller can be viewed as a set of rules that will control the reactions of its agents according to the current state of play .
1	We release our source code and toolkit to spur future research .
0	This list contains words in MSA and Egyptian dialect as well .
1	We find support for our approach in the analysis of four experiments .
0	We see that adding the specified rules allows for better F1 ( and loss ) despite the fact that the search space remains the same .
1	The paper describes experiments on estimating emotion intensity in tweets using a generalized regressor system .
0	We examine one point where the mean reward of arm 1 is 0.8 .
1	This should make curriculum decision making easier and more efficient for educators .
0	A discussion of the temperatures at which these phenomena occur may be found in [ 38 ] .
1	The problem of spatiotemporal event visualization based on reports entails subtasks ranging from named entity recognition to relationship extraction and mapping of events .
0	( ii ) What different type of conflicts the agent can experience while trying to satisfy its goals and comply with the norms to which it is subject .
1	Reordering is a challenge to machine translation ( MT ) systems .
0	Myanmar nouns and verbs need the help of suffixes or particles to show grammatical relations .
1	Our typology driven model enables to obtain accurate estimates of such distributions without access to any ESL data for the target languages .
0	We are interested in the problem of prediction of Bt from time 0. on the benchmarks .
1	Here number of feature vectors are varied and tested the system performance .
0	This allows us to easily build variants of our networks .
1	The perspective of Semantic Web is to promote the quality and intelligence of the current web by changing its contents into machine understandable form .
0	Considering words in context allows our approach to perform word sense disambiguation .
1	The general idea is to study how a fusion of these two formalisms would permit representing compact way to solve efficiently problems for knowledge representation .
0	This method is considered in this research work to automate the selection process of user required attributes and mining algorithms for better decision making process .
1	Experiments demonstrate that the proposed technique both finds relevant data and limits negative transfer .
0	A common pattern observed was that those sentences contained words not seen frequently in the training data .
1	We first show that a simple CNN with little hyperparameter tuning and static vectors achieves excellent results on multiple benchmarks .
0	Getting started Important : Please make sure that you have Java 7 installed before using this program .
1	All of these results generalize to arbitrary piecewise linear activation functions .
0	PAv ) is iterated until a fixpoint is reached in the set of sets of entities .
1	Note that for the least performing two languages no gazetteer was used .
0	Both projections are learnt jointly to perform well on the supervised task .
1	On the other hand fuzzification of crisp certainty degrees to fuzzy variables improves the quality of the network and tends to bring smoothness and robustness in the network performance .
0	These are used to depict special conditions that pertain to the entire word involved in the sandhi .
1	We analyze the time and communication complexity of D2FAS and demonstrate that it can scale well with a large number of observations and sensors .
0	This strategy makes it easier to deal with partial occlusions and also typically requires fewer training examples .
1	A lot of research has been devoted to finding ways of representing the semantics of individual words in vector spaces .
0	5.1 Dimensions of structuring summary Structuring summary in an appropriate form is important as summary is mainly for human to read and understand .
1	Literature suggests that effort in this respect appears to be quite rudimentary .
0	We tested the classifiers using another corpus of 1300 sentences .
1	This paper describes a computer algorithm that is designed to solve the problem of locating word boundaries in blocks of English text from which the spaces have been removed .
0	The corresponding Dynamic BN with M slices is created by replicating the prototype M times and connecting some of the variables to their copies in the next slice .
1	We consider the problem of learning to choose actions using contextual information when provided with limited feedback in the form of relative pairwise comparisons .
0	Letters often address more than one topic and their rhetorical opening and closing phrases are seldom relevant to their content .
1	These equilibria tend to be superior to the conventional Nash equilibria .
0	Hence the first part of our first principle of plausible reasoning .
1	Much of the work with such data focuses on filtering : predicting unknown ratings for pairs of users and items .
0	This is why the ontology must not only contain a collection of visualization techniques but also represent their usability relatively to a context and a task .
1	Three experts were chosen to annotate the data using a proposed annotation scheme .
0	Context Score : Context based score is an important feature .
1	Another observation is related to a general lack of collaboration .
0	Preliminary results of this research have been reported by Gabrilovich and Markovitch ( 2007a ) .
1	This model has a strong focus on the syntax of the descriptions .
0	Boolean fluents are a special case in which the possible values are true and false .
1	An efficient learner is one who reuses what they already know to tackle a new problem .
0	Examples are geometric graph distance functions [ 11 ] and distances based on the maximum common subgraph including graph and subgraph isomorphism [ 5 ] .
1	Here we propose a principled framework for directly constructing ensemble learning methods from kernel methods .
0	Heat or Diffusion kernels ( Diff ) that exploit the Fisher information metric on the probability manifold were proposed in [ 7 ] .
1	Recent advances in variational inference allow such algorithms to scale to high dimensions .
0	For each experiment we reported the average performance and the standard deviation over the 5 random splits .
1	We show that this space of orderings can be effectively represented using a distribution over permutations called the Generalized Mallows Model .
0	These concepts are arranged with a corresponding subsumption hierarchy HC .
1	We build on previous work which has shown the benefit of adding information about MWEs to syntactic parsing by implementing a similar pipeline with CCG parsing .
0	This section puts our methodology in the context of related prior work .
1	This new loss function yields a total of 1.87 point improvements in terms of BLEU score in the translation quality .
0	Most of the tweets from these accounts are all encased in quotations .
1	For this task we use a deep learning approach with restricted Boltzmann machines .
0	Figure 2 shows the transformed BN of the tollbooth game whose induced BN was given in Figure 1 .
1	We prove that ShareBoost efficiently finds a predictor that uses few shared features ( if such a predictor exists ) and that it has a small generalization error .
0	The shifting and scaling parameters in BNs are not used .
1	The main contribution of this paper is that combination functions are generated by supervised learning .
0	An internal edge divides a tree into two disjoint sets of leaf nodes known as bipartition .
1	In this paper we consider Long Short Term Memory networks ( LSTMs ) and demonstrate a new approach for tracking the importance of a given input to the LSTM for a given output .
0	1 presents statistics of the sources of errors in query translations in topics of CLEF 2008 and 2009 .
1	We show that our technique outperforms simpler techniques based on keyword spotting .
0	Distance and Position Features The linear distance in between two words in a sentence may serve as an informative feature .
1	For this distributed search we used a cluster of computers .
0	A BN is a compact representation of a joint distribution over a set of random variables X .
1	We apply it to a commercial data set from Brazil that consists of 3.6M customers and 820K inspection results .
0	We express the relation between each random variable and its parents over a class of networks with a collection of quantified formulae .
1	The primary mathematical tool employed in these methods is the notion of the Reproducing Kernel Hilbert Space .
0	An approximate randomization test [ 54 ] was used for the classification experiments instead .
1	This article presents a deep analysis of the influence of context information on dialogue act recognition .
0	We introduce functions called Bethe free energy that does not include such an exponential number of state sum .
1	Hepatitis C virus ( HCV ) is a widely spread disease all over the world .
0	We take the noise distribution to be the ( observed ) unconditional word distribution .
1	Topic modeling of textual corpora is an important and challenging problem .
0	Mikolov et al demonstrate that this architecture provides competitive perplexities to the much more complex LSTM on language modeling tasks .
1	It remains an interesting open question if manipulation by a coalition of agents is hard to compute in practice .
0	It is done so that we can look at tokens as individual components that make up a tweet [ 19 ] .
1	The proposed method has a good accuracy and is fast enough .
0	To enrich our work and to cover as much as possible frequent words in Arabic we decide to tag some articles from each domain in the watan corpora [ 23 ] .
1	This setup differs from the standard collaborative filtering one in that we are given a query x user x item tensor for training instead of the more traditional user x item matrix .
0	This step contributes to decreasing the supertag ambiguity and also speeding the parser .
1	This is the Inverse Reinforcement Learning ( IRL ) problem .
0	1 and 2 can be used on their own to independently learn source and target domain word representations .
1	The final algorithm is a modified version of Thompson sampling that is tailored for identifying the best design .
0	Our reimplementation serves to provide a controlled experimental evaluation of the impact of hybrid models and nested attention on the GEC task .
1	It facilitates user to submit their query in natural linguistic form which can be treated as hypothesis .
0	We then compare the results with ten existing NLG systems ; SumTime hybrid [ 15 ] and nine trainable systems [ 7 ] .
1	We look at two different methods for its computation : ODE integration and uniformization of the Taylor expansion .
0	The second major difference in our implementation is the handling of number variables .
1	The success of deep neural networks is mostly due their ability to learn meaningful features from the data .
0	It results in information losing and low resolution of the output image .
1	We present a novel hierarchical web services based distributed architecture and achieve nearly linear speedup up to the number of processors available to us .
0	Adversarial drift [ 19 ] describes intentionally induced concept drift in an effort to decrease the classification accuracy .
1	This notion allows the user to represent both accomplished tasks and accomplishable tasks by the agent .
0	The same image and prompt may be used with different instructions to collect a variety of description types .
1	Petrarch 2 now views the sentence entirely on the syntactic level .
0	All of this is accomplished through the construction of the model and the choice of the model hyperparameters .
1	The property of policy invariance provides a possible way of speeding convergence when learning to play a stochastic game .
0	We will use as our primary measure of quality the ACE metric .
1	Finally a novel metric for the assessment of the algorithms output is introduced and proves to be a more sensitive metric than the metric used with the original Dendritic Cell Algorithm .
0	FSP is a process algebra notation having finite state processes used for the concise description of component behavior particularly for concurrent systems .
1	We apply this method to language modeling and demonstrate its ability to correctly choose the number of hidden units while maintaining perplexity .
0	WordNet Synonym set ID.11 So we can use the word and its part of speech to search the WordNet database .
1	We experimentally show that such implied propagators bring robustness to pathological instances and highlight the fact that graph structure can significantly improve search heuristics behavior .
0	It is important to note that this phase behaves in a deterministic way with respect to stable models .
1	We compare performance and quality to CLUTO using document collections .
0	Its prior probability therefore is algebraically independent of any observation parameter .
1	Our experiments with two different datasets demonstrate the importance of understanding the narrative and discourse structure to address this task .
0	Hence the full HoneyPot dataset can only serve as an estimate of the capability of this classification scheme .
1	Since nose is the highest protruding point from the face .
0	We removed digital words and words with frequency less than 5 .
1	These approaches are very flexible and can be used to tackle many different challenges by only changing their parameters .
0	Figure 3 shows the graph of preprocessed response time of Apache web server collected for a period of about a week .
1	This representation has a great practical interest due to the possibility to realize reasoning on classification with a fuzzy semantic network based system .
0	07 61 3v 1 [ cs .C L ] 2 6 M ar 2 01 5 authorship to authors without prior knowledge of their writing styles .
1	Digital crowdsourcing ( CS ) is a modern approach to perform certain large projects using small contributions of a large crowd .
0	However the latent vectors for known users and items are not improved .
1	Sentiment analysis predicts the presence of positive or negative emotions in a text document .
0	In this approach first of all coin segmentation is done using Hough transform then the segmented image is unwrapped .
1	Several approaches have been proposed to measure the similarity between sequences in trajectory data .
0	The third subproblem is computing the marginal probabilities of the compressed states .
1	A survey of dictionary models and formats is presented as well as a presentation of corresponding recent standardisation activities .
0	In this paper we propose a model for learning from heterogeneous noise that is appropriate for studying stochastic gradient approaches to learning .
1	Learning multiple tasks across heterogeneous domains is a challenging problem since the feature space may not be the same for different tasks .
0	Phrase based SMT systems are limited for handling long distance reordering .
1	The evaluations on both word similarity and text classification demonstrate the effectiveness of our models .
0	We tried several ways to extend them and to make them comparable .
1	The goal is to learn a model for predicting the target variable for unseen instances .
0	The Logistic Regression is using various logistic functions in order to calculate a function with a graphical representation that has the minimum distance from each of the training data points in the multidimensional space [ 18 ] .
1	Knowledge of the nose location will enable us to align an unknown 3D face with those in a face database .
0	The backpropagation algorithm is used to compute the values d ( i ) for all nodes i .
1	Our result can lead to a significant practical impact in entity resolution applications .
0	It is due to this kind of information sharing that we believe that distributed representations are a suitable vehicle for encoding semantics and by extension the continuous and multidimensional degrees of semantic similarity that could be useful for learning from examples such as above .
1	This paper will focus on some theoretical issues that have strong implication for practice .
0	We experimentally compare the branching heuristics RemoveMaxRC and Sparse of section 3.3 .
1	Formal analysis of instances that are provably solvable by prioritized planning is still missing .
0	We discuss the specific configurations of these classifiers in this section .
1	The implemented model shows satisfying abilities to compare player formations that are similar to each other in terms of performance and determines the right ranking even by running a decent number of simulation games .
0	You are particularly interested in observance of three main festivals : 1 .
1	Existing natural language processing techniques are either based on words as units or use units such as grams only for basic classification tasks .
0	The resulting model outperforms existing embeddings on word similarity tasks accross several data sets .
1	This has a negative effect on the individual word representations and the language model as a whole .
0	( 2011 ) employ supervised learning based on factor graphs to model content similarity between the two types of data .
1	This paper is written in two languages : French and German .
0	We consider a binary tree where all the left edges are labelled 1 and all the right edges are labelled 0 .
1	The model uses a set of initial data to begin with which will be updated when new information appears .
0	Figure 3.1 ( overleaf ) shows a timeline of historical events relevant to the work in this thesis .
1	Several machine learning tasks require to represent the data using only a sparse set of interest points .
0	Communicative agent is the last specialization of the Agent class .
1	Distributed representations of words have boosted the performance of many Natural Language Processing tasks .
0	For example Reisinger and Mooney ( 2010 ) and Huang et al .
1	This analysis also gives a new condition for the uniqueness of the LBP fixed point .
0	This extends MAP estimation and message passing guarantees to a wider range of graphical models .
1	Our method guarantees to provide outer approximations of the exact lower bounds .
0	a represents the word alignment across these two sentences from source to target .
1	We examine the proposed method on three benchmark datasets for material recognition .
0	This also has the advantage that different natural language analysis components for different languages can be used on top of the kernel module .
1	We further show that our robot with our model can even prepare a cup of a latte with appliances it has never seen before .
0	When we look at opening indices we get the following result .
1	The power of the algorithm comes from the fact that it uses a small number of parameters with minimal assumptions regarding the data being examined or the underlying motifs .
0	The process is repeated until no more violated constraints can be found .
1	We have applied this approach to summarize documents in three languages .
0	The total number of weights was increased to approximately 3.7M .
1	We also explain the main guidelines underlying our own effort to develop complex text mining software for tens of languages .
0	The quality of each judge is then determined based on the deviation from gold ratings .
1	It is the first ( home ) language for over 10 million people in South Africa .
0	The parent set is usually a small subset of state variables which simplifies the parameterization of the model .
1	The strength with which a statement is made can have a significant impact on the audience .
0	The nPLSA model makes it possible to gradually grow the number of topics in a single inference procedure .
1	We conduct an initial investigation that uses a matrix consisting of the parameters of a logistic regression classifier trained on a plausibility task as a transitive verb function .
0	This is an encouraging result since it implies that the majority of the extracted relation phrases are identical to the manually annotated relations .
1	We also present a novel algorithm for learning which events are worth describing .
0	Thus we can evaluate the decision problem with one sweep and compute all of the derivatives with another .
1	Image captioning is a challenging problem owing to the complexity in understanding the image content and diverse ways of describing it in natural language .
0	Each iteration involves estimating the label for the training examples and modifying the model accordingly .
1	Due to this large amount of usage we hope to achieve a reflection of public sentiment by analysing the sentiments expressed in the tweets .
0	Node splitting breaks enough number of edges between nodes from the network such that the MPE query on the resulting network becomes easy to solve .
1	We are proposing an approach towards detecting BC opportunities based on acoustic input features like power and pitch .
0	Factual drift describes sentences about the same topic that provide contradictory facts .
1	The practice of tagging is done in a collective environment .
0	Beliefs are subsets of states for minmax models and probability distributions over states for minexp models .
1	We are not aware of any research which deals with the issue of Neural Promotion .
0	Let X be the given search word and let x denote its last letter .
1	MAP inference for general energy functions remains a challenging problem .
0	Microsoft has included their own speech recognition system within recent versions of Windows .
1	This contribution derives consistency results for learning problems in structured domains and thereby generalizes learning in vector spaces and manifolds .
0	( 2001 ) map WordNet 1.5 synsets onto WordNet 1.6 synsets using relaxation labeling .
1	Many different approaches for solving Constraint Satisfaction Problems ( CSPs ) and related Constraint Optimization Problems ( COPs ) exist .
0	This arises because the the stationary distribution itself depends on the parameters .
1	This paradigm is characterized by using annotations as multifunctional carriers and making them portable .
0	It is not without issues though ; Lamprier et al .
1	Online sequence prediction is the problem of predicting the next element of a sequence given previous elements .
0	RAPID then computes a topological order of these state variables given the precondition graph E. A topological order of these variables is any linear ordering such that each state variable comes before all other state variables to which it has outbound arrows in the precondition graph .
1	Based on this paradigm a novel approach to anomaly detection is presented .
0	Syed et al proposed an approach of sentiment analysis using adjective phrase [ 14 ] .
1	Our model performs 1.8 times better than the recently published results on the same dataset .
0	We showed following details of each cluster to the evaluator : ( 1 ) top 5 hypernyms per cluster ( 2 ) maximum 100 entities sampled uniformly from the cluster .
1	This problem is further aggravated by sources such as Twitter which are highly repetitive or similar in nature .
0	Both learners need each token xt to be represented by a vector xt of features 10 .
1	Our experimental results demonstrate that Multiplicative Integration can provide a substantial performance boost over many of the existing RNN models .
0	Combining Parameters for Sentence Ranking : We compute the score of a sentence using the linear combination of the normalized values of thematic term based score Sk and positional score Pk if the sentence is not too long or too short .
1	Many existing methods for learning the dynamics of physical interactions require labeled object information .
0	the set of customers to generate inspections for ) having different distributions .
1	We study how to use stochastic gradient algorithms to learn in this model .
0	The gap between these two values indicates the possible contribution from speaker tracing .
1	Our approach is very general and is easily applied to any model where the mean field update equations have been derived .
0	The goal of streamlining is solving a Boolean Satisfiability ( or a Constraint Satisfaction ) problem while FDC uses ( streamlined ) formulas for weighted model counting .
1	We theoretically prove that their regret bounds are as good as the bounds achieved by the best proximal functions that can be chosen in hindsight .
0	The same input is used as for the numerical LSTM and CNN ( imputed 6 hour chunks of data ) .
1	CFCN models were trained on an abdominal CT dataset comprising 100 hepatic tumor volumes .
0	Notice that r0 r is the expectation under the stationary distribution of r ( X ) 2 .
1	In this paper sentiment analysis is applied to get information from digital news articles about its positive or negative sentiment regarding particular politician .
0	The same is true for once and since : ( 13 ) a. Mary left when Bill was preparing dinner .
1	A useful step towards better interpretation and analysis of the usage patterns is to formalize the semantics of the resources that users are accessing in the Web .
0	The last argument denotes a data structure representing the annotated search tree and is initially empty .
1	This data could perhaps be used to create more entertaining works of Nonfiction .
0	Then we use Massart Lemma to prove upper bound of RSn ( H0 ) .
1	Results tend to show that some types of discourse are correlated with a notion of Progress on the learning activities and the importance of emotive participation from the Teacher .
0	This gives a discrimination is 41.6 for the constraint function defined previously .
1	Computational feasibility is obtained by exploiting the local GAI structure in the model .
0	Each trigger is associated to an ontology class and a number of rules .
1	Most existing methods only consider direct relations in representation learning .
0	We used a parameter to control how many times a random variable can be picked as a parent .
1	We propose answers to these questions along with a number of novel optimizations and provide a comparative empirical evaluation on logistics problems from the ICAPS 2004 Probabilistic Planning Competition .
0	This reduces the quadratic optimization for max regret to a sequence of LPs .
1	Learning vector representation for words is an important research field which may benefit many natural language processing tasks .
0	These vectors were chosen in order to isolate any improvement due to the word vectors from any confounding effects due to details of the training procedure .
1	The performance of proposed method is compared with Gradient Decent Based ME ( GDME ) and Conjugate Gradient Based ME ( CGME ) in classification and regression problems .
0	We explored two options to set the initial probability of each article : the uniform probability or the prior probability in the dictionary .
1	The implicit is affecting the orientation and the argumentation of the text and consequently its summary .
0	The 4 seconds that it takes to load the ELKB into memory is included in these times .
1	This paper reveals the results of an analysis of the accuracy of developed software for automatic lemmatization for the Bulgarian language .
0	Tighter local clustering may explain some of the interesting regularities observed in the SkipGram embedding [ 18 ] .
1	We define the regret in terms of an implicit aggregated parameter of the learners for such a setting and prove regret bounds similar to the classical sequential online learning .
0	The final answer is produced when the pool has only one option left .
1	IsiZulu is one of the eleven official languages of South Africa and roughly half the population can speak it .
0	Each robot knows its own battery level but not that of the other robots and only the location of other robots within sensor range .
1	MiniNLP is an experiment of our ideas on efficient and effective medical language processing .
0	The chatbot should be able to communicate with a user in a way similar to the following : ChatBot : Hello how can I help you ?
1	Possibilistic answer set programming ( PASP ) extends answer set programming ( ASP ) by attaching to each rule a degree of certainty .
0	In this section we define a few mathematical concepts that we will use in defining and analyzing group equivariant convolutional networks .
1	We implement the abstract categorical model of Coecke et al .
0	Each of these measures the effort allocated to design i up to time n. This section proposes three algorithms for allocating measurement effort .
1	Opinion Mining is a natural language processing task that deals with finding orientation of opinion in a piece of text with respect to a topic .
0	The only rule which is not an exception rule of any rule is the default rule at layer 0 .
1	The received GPS coordinates are filtered using a Kalman filter to enhance the accuracy of measured position .
0	We summarize the lexical chain building process with these five high levels steps : 1 .
1	Effective learning of user preferences is critical to easing user burden in various types of matching problems .
0	The strategic outcome V as computed in ( 1 ) is one of the most important metrics .
1	Our approach computes valuable meta information such as the total number of valid configurations or the relative frequency of components .
0	For this we first proposed the distinction between distributional and distributed representations and subsequently developed a model for categorising existing and new methods for semantic composition .
1	Therefore the background noise has to be removed from the noisy speech signal to increase the signal intelligibility and to reduce the listener fatigue .
0	Here in this paper due to space constraints we present the Move_full role of our system i.e .
1	Covering rough sets are a natural extension of classical rough sets by relaxing the partitions arising from equivalence relations to covers .
0	The second step gathering all choice sequences and get matrix distance between each two sequences .
1	The efforts of manually building and annotating the lexicon are reported .
0	In this paper we have also used similar categories to find interests of a user using the kind of celebrity they follow .
1	We also introduce the link function for different domains to correct their biases .
0	It is conditional because there is a filter at line 4 .
1	The long term aim of the project carried out by the French National Space Agency ( CNES ) is to design a writing guide based on the real and regular writing of requirements .
0	We describe the segments using spatial covariance of the pieces ( 6 ) .
1	We define a Bayesian model selection criterion for utility function structure and a search procedure over structures .
0	We use our logical language to describe event types rather than ground events .
1	Black box optimization is a framework for the problem of finding the input that optimizes the output represented by an unknown function .
0	This baseline actually works unexpectedly well in the DAQUAR dataset .
1	The aim of this paper is to solve a fuzzy linear programming problem in which the parameters involved are fuzzy quantities with logistic membership functions .
0	Alternatively one can create one atom for each possible family ( child plus parents ) .
1	Information extraction identifies useful and relevant text in a document and converts unstructured text into a form that can be loaded into a database table .
0	The character models also outperform their morphological counterparts ( both LBL and LSTM architectures ) .
1	Security Games employ game theoretical tools to derive resource allocation strategies in security domains .
0	Guaranteed minimum rank solutions to linear matrix equations via nuclear norm minimization .
1	Most of previous work in knowledge base ( KB ) completion has focused on the problem of relation extraction .
0	Mangin used a nonnegative matrix factorization algorithm to learn a dictionary of components from multimodal time series data [ 53 ] .
1	The system is evaluated with four sets of news articles containing 679 extrapositional cases as well as 78 cleft constructs .
0	Number of proper nouns : This feature is used to give importance to sentences having a substantial number of proper nouns .
1	The extracted Malay ambiguous words ( potential ) are then being mapped onto the constructed ambiguity attributes to confirm their vagueness .
0	The parts which are not grouped by a digraph are left as single units .
1	The planner is written as an Answer Set Program and is interpreted by the Smodels solver .
0	The TIMIT training set was also taken as the spoken archive from which we wish to detect the spoken terms .
1	A complexity analysis shows that considerable efficiency improvements can be achieved through the use of this query pack execution mechanism .
0	Below we describe the metrics used to measure the segmentation performance followed by the metrics used to measure the labeling performance .
1	We also describe insights gained from our annotation efforts for this task .
0	It only produces results according to rules and in this case there was a rule connecting mother and family .
1	Automated language processing is central to the drive to enable facilitated referencing of increasingly available Sanskrit E texts .
0	A history containing T ( time horizon ) actions is a terminal history .
1	More decisive rules that refine the former are also proposed .
0	The actual results may be better than the results presented here .
1	Experiments results on 6 embeddings and 4 tasks with 10 datasets show that the proposed fine tuning framework may significantly improve the quality of the vector representation of words .
0	Most of the dialogue acts used for annotation are acts which are usually encountered in the goaloriented setting such as inform and offer .
1	A pilot study is conducted on NS5B zone of HCV dataset of genotype 4 subtype a ( HCV4a ) in Egypt .
0	An exploit is a piece of code that attempts to compromise a computer system via a specific vulnerability .
1	The main point of choosing language to represent Ontology is based mainly on what the Ontology will represent or be used for .
0	The RefinementTransformation aims at the refinement of the clauses of Hn using their support sets .
1	A basic component in Internet applications is the electronic mail and its various implications .
0	Chapter 4 shows how we can leverage the knowledge base to extract an ontology through a series of simple queries .
1	It describes state of art of research into improving ASR for speakers with dysarthria by means of incorporated knowledge of their speech production .
0	Qualitative analysis : We manually examined a sample of 200 cases in which the majority of the 20 runs of the number prediction network made the wrong prediction .
1	The presented software is written entirely in Java and is distributed as a GATE plugin .
0	An example of LoMA analysis is shown in Figure 4 .
1	Many modern multiclass and multilabel problems are characterized by increasingly large output spaces .
0	Step 3 : Update the support set and the sign sequence set .
1	Researchers and scientists increasingly find themselves in the position of having to quickly understand large amounts of technical material .
0	The regularization term of problem VIII.1 controls the degree of sparsity .
1	This work is an attempt or an experiment to make the previous work more efficient .
0	The pseudo code corresponding to this function is depicted in Algorithm 3 .
1	We prove that our framework subsumes the iterated belief change strategy in [ 22 ] when all sensing actions are accurate .
0	We found that every type of change to the optimization procedure we tested resulted in a different local minimum .
1	Translation Memory ( TM ) systems are one of the most widely used translation technologies .
0	Let O be the set of all ground atoms of observable predicates and H be the set of all ground atoms of hidden predicates both with respect to C. We make the closed world assumption with respect to the observable predicates .
1	Learned temporal representations in multiple levels capture the regularities in the temporal domain and are observed to be a rich bank of activation patterns which also exhibit similarities to the actual hemodynamic responses .
0	We introduce and discuss about a few of these below .
1	Compiling Bayesian networks ( BNs ) to junction trees and performing belief propagation over them is among the most prominent approaches to computing posteriors in BNs .
0	For the rules of Figures 4 and 5 the two substructures displayed in gray give us a mapping from one system to the other .
1	Transliteration is one such module that we design while designing a translation system .
0	A further benefit of our account is the ease of generalization between tasks .
1	So it is very important to perform opinion mining in Hindi language as well .
0	Lerman ( 1981 ) and Janowitz ( 2010 ) present overarching reviews of clustering including through use of lattices that generalize trees .
1	( II ) We derive the optimal code length of an ECOC using rank properties of the design matrix .
0	Another reasoning task can regard the inference of missing or implicit events and the completion of the events set on the base of the available event information .
1	The manual encoding is expensive ( in terms of time ) .
0	We only need to send the probability potential in message distribution .
1	In computer vision pixelwise dense prediction is the task of predicting a label for each pixel in the image .
0	Cowell [ 2 ] presents an algorithm for belief update where message passing proceeds on an elimination tree rather than a ( strong ) junction tree .
1	The Swiss avalanche bulletin is produced twice a day in four languages .
0	The only problem is how to find such a functional .
1	Tamil represents a special challenge to computational formalisms as it has extensive agglutinative morphology and a comparatively difficult argument structure .
0	A word or phrase in the Paragraph display can be selected by holding down the left mouse button while moving the mouse .
1	This paper presents the continuation of the work completed by Satori and all .
0	int getVbSeeCount ( ) Returns the number of verb references of this Head .
1	We have developed several techniques for that task including : 1 ) keyword extracting with customized regularization algorithms ; 2 ) keyword grouping with distributed representation ; and 3 ) keyword ranking with ratings and frequencies analysis .
0	Our second parallel corpus is formed from the TED Open Translation Project .
1	Deep neural networks ( DNN ) have been successfully applied for music classification tasks including music tagging .
0	The background and concepts of emergent symbol systems are detailed in Section 2 and Section 3 .
1	We derive an equation for temporal difference learning from statistical principles .
0	Let s be a coalition that is not output by Algorithm 1 .
1	To deskew the image we found out the skew angle and de skewed the image according to this angle .
0	A CHRiSM program P consists of a sequence of chance rules .
1	( 2 ) We represent relation paths via semantic composition of relation embeddings .
0	the network was no longer able to make progress on the training set .
1	The segmented character is next compared to the best available match and the segmentation boundary confirmed .
0	A vote which starts with 0 is interpreted as a positive clause by taking the candidates in 2nd to 4th place as its literals .
1	This amount of information offers huge potential and can be harnessed to receive the sentiment tendency towards these topics .
0	It is important to point out that the system performs such tasks through sequences of mental operations that are compatible with psychological findings .
1	We use algebraic decision diagrams ( ADDs ) to do this efficiently .
0	A RN is the following function with arity 2 ( Section 5 provides a generalization for arbitrary potentials ) .
1	We then set about testing the performance of our algorithm and analyzing the quality of the decisions it made .
0	These tests were all performed using the Natural Language Toolkit ( nltk 2.0 ) which is implemented inside python 3.1 [ 25 ] .
1	We show that decoding can be efficiently done even with the model having a very large target vocabulary by selecting only a small subset of the whole target vocabulary .
0	A document in ODF format is actually a zip archive containing multiple files including the text content in XML .
1	This builds on the success of Markov models but without imposing a fixed bound in order to better represent global phenomena .
0	The developed automated system gets the input values form the user and chooses the appropriate data mining techniques with required parameters by using intelligent agents [ 7 ] [ 3 ] .
1	A comprehensive evaluation with control subjects and walker users from a retirement community is presented .
0	This is immensely helpful for analysts as it narrows down their search to potentially malice code locations .
1	The limitation causes inaccurate matching between units in a peer and reference summaries .
0	It means that he will move to the classrooms at the times according to his own teaching schedule .
1	The second FCN solely segments lesions within the predicted liver ROIs of step 1 .
0	The benchmarking study was performed on a 2.66Ghz computer with 2GB RAM running Ubuntu .
1	We involve semantic role labeling to get the semantic representation of text and use of segmentation to form clusters of the related pieces of text .
0	They have a duration field and temporally annotated conditions and effects .
1	Term dependencies refers to the need of considering the relationship between the words of the query when estimating the relevance of a document .
0	Their corpus is made up of scientific documents with abstracts and chapters from University textbooks that contain chapter summaries .
1	Our approach is to model likelihood between events by drawing on several of these lines of previous work .
0	Table 1 shows some pairs of adjectives and their similarity values computed by the SynSim function .
1	This provides new results that together with the old results give a more detailed picture of the complexity landscape .
0	The default settings for Yara are expected to be the best in practice for accuracy ( except the number of training iterations which is dependent on the data and feature settings ) .
1	We propose a novel approach for designing kernels for support vector machines ( SVMs ) when the class label is linked to the observation through a latent state and the likelihood function of the observation given the state ( the sensing model ) is available .
0	Here we describe the stochastic process we used to generate a global context at each update .
1	The distinction between open class words and closed class words together with syntactical features of the language used in this research to predict lexical categories of unknown words in the tagging process .
0	Distance measure between AGs and FDGs using restrictions We have shown that it is better to decompose the global cost hC into the sum of bounded individual costs associated with the element matches .
1	In clinical data sets we often find static information ( e.g .
0	If such a plan does not exist we apply plan merging techniques that progressively identify ( sub ) plans in the case base that can satisfy the goals .
1	We present a new algorithm to model and investigate the learning process of a learner mastering a set of grammatical rules from an inconsistent source .
0	In the next section we will evaluate our proposed technique by comparing it with a baseline classification method .
1	Performance comparison with several benchmark techniques indicates the superiority of the proposed technique in terms of superior classification accuracy .
0	The vectors for distributional semantic models are generally produced from corpus data via the following procedure : 1 .
1	The uncertainty in these spaces stems from both probability and metric .
0	This is known to be a weak form of coupling ( 27 ) .
1	The work aims to analyze whether and where we can identify the boundary between semantics and pragmatics in the software used by analyzed systems .
0	Each of these two combines the four different initializers X .
1	Grebinski and Kucherov ( 1998 ) and Alon et al .
0	The popularity of Wikipedia has also stimulated increasing research to investigate how the mountains of semantic information inWikipedia can be harnessed for good uses ; see Medelyan et al .
1	INAUT is based on French language and abundantly uses georeferenced entities .
0	Such drill down operations are not necessarily observed more frequently than topic shifting .
1	Representing symbolic knowledge into a connectionist network is the key element for the integration of scalable learning and sound reasoning .
0	parameters that can some how estimated through processing of signal waveform .
1	The authors perform both intrinsic evaluation like attributional and relational similarity prediction and extrinsic evaluations like the sentence completion and sentiment analysis .
0	This enables us to actually realize the search specifications defined by modular syntax .
1	The results show that the optimal ratio mask outperforms other training targets in general .
0	Figure 2 illustrates the syntactic structure of a sentence in the WSJ corpus .
1	Each of our proposed methods results in significant improvements that are complementary .
0	Section 4 describes the evaluation and results of the study .
1	The main objective of this work is motivating and involving the research community to work in this important pair of languages given their demographic impact .
0	This theorem states that for every value x there is a canonical gamble equivalent to it .
1	Probabilistic logic programs are logic programs in which some of the facts are annotated with probabilities .
0	Our task was to define the event Parade in such a way as to cover a conceptual space that would be recognizable as coherent to speakers of either English or Spanish .
1	We propose a feature based fuzzy rule guided novel technique that is functionally devoid of any external intervention during execution .
0	Note that lead and follow strategies can be used in any repeated interaction game ( not just adversarial ) and hence our abstraction ( and therefore TeamUP ) should be general enough to work in these settings .
1	The resulting system is evaluated on the TIME test collection .
0	Same as the lexical weightings part we converted all of the unique phrases in the phrase table to vectors .
1	We argue analytically and show empirically the advantages of DBCL over vector autoregression ( VAR ) and Granger causality models as well as modified forms of Bayesian and constraintbased structure discovery algorithms .
0	Figure 11 shows the same figure as in Figures 8 and 9 after passing through the preceding steps .
1	We believe such sources of data are crucial to generate robust solutions for the web with high accuracy and easy to deploy in practice .
0	The highest score achievable for one player is 896 ; this is done by eliminating exactly two screens of bricks worth 448 points each .
1	The results suggest that Minipar is not suitable yet to parse biomedical texts .
0	The key to this algorithm is that we have to find maximal sequences of identical edit operations which correspond to subtrees .
1	It is applicable on symbolic descriptions although it uses a numeric approach for the calculus .
0	Based on the Theorem 1 we now can claim that one can represent a weighted knowledge base onto an RBM by converting it into a set of Confidence rules .
1	We present a distributed anytime algorithm for performing MAP inference in graphical models .
0	The testing table below gives a precise description of the tests that took place .
1	Research into this family of cells has revealed that they perform information fusion which directs immune responses .
0	We remind our readers that keyword A may have many parents or his parent can be his sibling or his child .
1	Our work contributes to the better understanding of such solution representations .
0	No additional constraints were imposed on the variables to keep the amount of search the same .
1	We then compare the definitions with respect to the properties of the notions of prime implicates and prime implicants that they induce .
0	of the initial graph depending on the amount of noise .
1	We identify a pathological problem on which this propagator is exponentially faster compared to existing propagators .
0	On the other side are researchers committed to the idea that the most important and interesting aspects of language use are the ones that violate norms in order to achieve a goal .
1	Most of the fuzzy time series methods are presented for forecasting of car road accidents .
0	Number of antagonisms ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... .73 13 .
1	For Jaccard similiarity we include an improved version of MinHash .
0	An action performance results with the belief fluents value changes which are precisely and numerically defined .
1	Experimental results demonstrate the potential of our approach for unstructured knowledge discovery in similarity networks .
0	Here T stands for the target nominal and P denotes punctuation marks .
1	We conjecture that the worst case number of experiments necessary and sufficient to discover a causal graph uniquely given its observational Markov equivalence class can be specified as a function of the largest clique in the Markov equivalence class .
0	Our German experiments follow the same setting as in our English experiments .
1	Janus also provides different useful views to simplify B2B application integration .
0	including it in the title or the body of the ad ) .
1	The technique of building of networks of hierarchies of terms based on the analysis of chosen text corpora is offered .
0	Other interesting approaches to solve these problems include the framework developed by Bye et al .
1	This method allows for information hiding in texts that are automatically generated following a given Markov model .
0	These programs are the main target of our automated evaluation technique since the manual grading was applied only in this case and we want to explore potentials for completely eliminating manual grading .
1	Deep neural networks are able to solve tasks across a variety of domains and modalities of data .
0	Such approaches will typically struggle in long horizon problems with a large number of observations or actions unless value heuristics can be used to shape the search .
1	The formulation provides strong a priori guarantees on both robust and expected policy loss by minimizing specific norms of the Bellman residual .
0	The parameter values are being set not to be specified for all data instances and these are shown in table 4 .
1	Entity type tagging is the task of assigning category labels to each mention of an entity in a document .
0	This operation has the effect of raising ( or promoting ) a specified node in the tree structure while preserving the lexicographic order of the elements ( refer again to Figure2b ) .
1	Here data is chosen on relevance for a specific target .
0	The learned ensemble model is equivalent to learning the explicit feature mapping functions of kernel methods .
1	Experimental results demonstrate the potential of these methods on some standard benchmark problems .
0	It is also possible to stack the data from many trials and solve one final regression problem .
1	We also theoretically guarantee its active sensing performance that improves under various practical environmental conditions .
0	The negation words usually reside before the sentiment word and it can be located two or three words away from the sentiment word .
1	We present research towards bridging the language gap between migrant workers in Qatar and medical staff .
0	2 Unreachable chunks : chunks which can not be reached since it starts where no other chunks end .
1	Recent work on sequence to sequence translation using Recurrent Neural Networks ( RNNs ) based on Long Short Term Memory ( LSTM ) architectures has shown great potential for learning useful representations of sequential data .
0	Next the matrix MI was defined as shown in Equation 7 .
1	We then aim at evolving these centers using a unique neighborhood structure that makes use of gradient information of the objective function .
0	The orthographic syllable level system is clearly better than all other systems .
1	We show that many commonly used input preprocessing techniques are redundant except magnitude compression .
0	Our results demonstrate that by incorporating multilingual evidence we can achieve impressive performance gains across a range of scenarios .
1	The paper includes a proposal for computing a similarity function for each dimension of knowledge .
0	But some examples do have a set of answers that are generally agreed upon .
1	Optimization is becoming a crucial element in industrial applications involving sustainable alternative energy systems .
0	This information loss is the relative entropy of the data distribution generated from the observation data distribution .
1	We show that the abstract policy is more robust and achieves higher rewards with far fewer parameters than the elementary policy .
0	Tuberculosis ( more likely if a visit to Asia occurred ) and lung cancer ( more likely when the person smokes ) both increase abnormal Xray results and dyspnea ; bronchitis also causes increased dyspnea .
1	Experimental results confirm that our model is effective in predicting connotative sentiments compared to strong baselines and existing sentiment lexicons .
0	our L3Net architecture without AVC training but with a trained classification layer .
1	Many algorithms and applications involve repeatedly solving variations of the same inference problem ; for example we may want to introduce new evidence to the model or perform updates to conditional dependencies .
0	Providing this context to a speech recognition system is the purpose of language model .
1	The annotations can be applied as a powerful tool to the management of these chronic diseases and the prediction of CVD .
0	The sparse representation theory has been extensively applied to image restoration .
1	We propose a smoothing technique to tackle the above problems .
0	We intend to examine if there is empirical support for the conjecture that the performance of the Distributed model is better than that of the Centralised model .
1	Significant increases in accuracy over standard linear stacking is demonstrated on the Netflix Prize collaborative filtering dataset .
0	Computing the expected time to finish the remaining N courses is more complicated since one of the courses has different course availability than others .
1	The battle between email service providers and senders of mass unsolicited emails ( Spam ) continues to gain traction .
0	The verbs and nouns are more productive in the sense that they can produce more word forms .
1	Unlike most previous formulations which rely on surrogate convex loss functions ( e.g .
0	These restrictions are without loss of generality however since every clause can be transformed into an equivalent clause satisfying them .
1	The measure is based on fundamental principles for inconsistency measures and thus provides a solid theoretical framework for the treatment of inconsistencies in probabilistic expert systems .
0	7.3.3 Enhancing the ELKB Chapter 6 describes several enhancements to the ELKB .
1	This paper proposes an algorithm to improve the calculation of confidence measure for spoken term detection ( STD ) .
0	The source and target loss functions given respectively by Eqs .
1	A statistical HMM ( Hidden Markov Models ) based model has been used to implement our system .
0	A practical issue arises when pooling the detections output by multiple detection sources .
1	In this paper we focus on Answer Set Programming ( ASP ) solvers .
0	The final score of distributional distance is the sum of these contributions .
1	In this Information system age many organizations consider information system as their weapon to compete or gain competitive advantage or give the best services for non profit organizations .
0	Limiting the maximum size of the graphs to some arbitrarily large number n and aligning smaller graphs to graphs of oder n are purely technical assumptions to simplify mathematics .
1	We present the tools that have been developed in the IRIN Institute .
0	All learning rules then can be activated and learn simultaneously when a new training sample is presented .
1	But it also shows that queries that express some topical shift with respect to the original query can help user access more rapidly the information they need .
0	This model takes inspiration from the tradeoff between the soft and hard attentional models proposed by Xu et al .
1	Results on standard datasets are also presented to evidentially prove a consistent improvement in the classification rate .
0	Note that this is a principle that is being followed by most datasets .
1	Comparability metrics is one of key issues in the field of building and using comparable corpus .
0	The GRU was shown to be effective in language modeling and machine translation .
1	In this note we discuss the important property of the uniqueness of the model .
0	We also explore the e ect of using di erent sets of committee learners .
1	Digital learning environments generate a precise record of the actions learners take as they interact with learning materials and complete exercises towards comprehension .
0	This suggests that the CNN model can not learn more discriminatory features from this additional information .
1	The subjective evaluation shows that the proposed method improves perceptual quality of speech in various noisy environments .
0	3 ) Creating variables distributed via agents which own variables .
1	Altogether these tools guide the knowledge engineer in his aim to restore consistency and therefore enable him to build a consistent and usable knowledge base that can be employed in probabilistic expert systems .
0	Several studies have recently been carried out in relation to this difficult problem .
1	We investigate the hypothesis that word representations ought to incorporate both distributional and relational semantics .
0	Multiple and combinators may be handling a search node at the same time .
1	We present observations and discussion of previously unreported phenomena discovered while training residual networks .
0	This is important because the irrelevant data from the reviews could be eliminated .
1	In this work we show how to learn robust visual classifiers from the weak annotations of the sentence descriptions .
0	Optimal budget allocation is a special case of the influence maximization problem .
1	The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of removing stopwords on the SA task .
0	An important step in the knowledge discovery process is selecting candidate models .
1	In this paper we consider situations where you have to take apart some of the device to get access to certain clusters and actions .
0	It was built with the intent of being linguistically aware as well as computationally tractable partly as a reaction to transformationalist ideas which were predominant in formal grammars at the time .
1	Modelling compositional meaning for sentences using empirical distributional methods has been a challenge for computational linguists .
0	These applications of clustering typically employ relatively straightforward exact algorithms or approximation methods for computing similarity .
1	We use an association matrix to track the most frequent pairs of concepts in them .
0	This is often the case in music [ 5 ] or bioinformatics applications .
1	Some system identification problems impose nonnegativity constraints on the parameters to estimate due to inherent physical characteristics of the unknown system .
0	This causal law states that moving to a cell can cause the robot to be in one of the neighboring cells2 .
1	We show how to apply possibility and necessity measures to the problem of knowledge representation with large scale data .
0	Here we have four overlapping maximal cliques of size 2 .
1	The options discovered from eigenpurposes traverse the principal directions of the state space .
0	This is a common feature of Indian languages and is particularly elaborately dealt with and used in Sanskrit .
1	The purpose of this paper is to compare various human Gesture recognition systems for interfacing machines directly to human wits without any corporeal media in an ambient environment .
0	Such stagnations may inhibit the algorithm from exploring other regions in the objective space which may contain other local optima which are much closer to the global optima .
1	Thus the growing circuits can be likened to a growing collection of lambda expressions that are built on top of one another in an attempt to compress the sensory input as a heuristic to bound its Kolmogorov Complexity .
0	The second constraint guarantees that the phrase is the shortest .
1	Machine Translation for Indian languages is an emerging research area .
0	This experiment is repeated in Chapter 4 using the ELKB .
1	An ordinal view of independence is studied in the framework of possibility theory .
0	( 7 ) This fixed sized global feature vector can be then fed to standard affine network layers ( 4 ) .
1	Balancing fairness and efficiency in resource allocation is a classical economic and computational problem .
0	1 We use the tuning set to do the closed test and the test set to do the open test .
1	Our algorithm generates more informative estimates of robustness metrics compared to estimates based on existing algorithms .
0	Ordinal classification differs from standard multiclass classification in that the classes are ordered and the error takes into account this ordering so that not all mistakes weigh equally .
1	Online reviews have increasingly become a very important resource for consumers when making purchases .
0	It provides a spatial metaphor for topic similarity in the corpus .
1	We illustrate some quantitative analysis based on the proposed metrics by applying it to the paleographic evolution of the medieval Tamil script from Brahmi .
0	To restore the correct case of the output the truecasing heuristic was employed .
1	We set out to build a framework for experimentation with knowledge base population .
0	There are data types and object editor for the user contribution to the FD tags .
1	We test different feature metrics and classifiers and provide detailed evaluation of their participation in improving the overall performance on a manually generated dataset .
0	An online learning hyper heuristic learns through the feedback obtained during the search process while solving a given problem .
1	The method also allows us to incorporate diverse context information into the model while maintaining its computational efficiency .
0	There is one human mechanic ( discrete resource constraint ) .
1	This paper gives a detail overview about the modified features selection in CRF ( Conditional Random Field ) based Manipuri POS ( Part of Speech ) tagging .
0	We then present the basic ideas that allow to address these challenges and proceed with a detailed description of the method .
1	Our new stochastic ADMM produces a new family of adaptive subgradient methods .
0	Table ( 1 ) shows different cases for an English sentence .
1	The algorithm and framework are illustrated by solving two small examples .
0	e ) Normalized Phrase Location ( NPL ) feature is adopted to measure the location of the candidate phrase within its sentence .
1	Speech is being an important mode of interaction with computers .
0	The ordering of the phases is important to perform the desired computation correctly and efficiently .
1	Our method is highly robust and can correctly recover valid measured quantities even when significant errors are introduced through the process of converting document formats like PDF to plain text .
0	The frequencies are counted in training sets and the test set .
1	The results indicate that Croatian syllable networks exhibit certain properties of a small world networks .
0	Certain authors thus use the number of lists to which a user belongs as such a feature ( Feature 18 ) .
1	We demonstrate features of eigenpurposes in traditional tabular domains as well as in Atari 2600 games .
0	We also incorporate English WordNet 2.17 in this experiment to measure the semantic distance between two Bengali words after translating them into English .
1	This paper addresses the problem of learning such rule sets for multiple related tasks .
0	The vector wi may be perceived as the position of neuron ci in the feature space .
1	This scenario is inspired by the Symbol Grounding Problem and the association learning in infants .
0	We also try different ratios of the development set as seeds of label propagation in DIEBOLDS .
1	This method is recognized and consistently applied for the lingua franca of the Indian sprachbund .
0	For safe programs open answer sets and ordinary answer sets coincide ( de Bruijn et al .
1	Learning to navigate in complex environments with dynamic elements is an important milestone in developing AI agents .
0	The assumption of universal consistency for the AERM is crucial here : mere consistency of an AERM with respect to a specific distribution does not imply generalization nor stability with respect to that distribution .
1	Conducted experiments show that this way one can not only outrank state of the art results of hand crafted representations but also gets direct structural insights into the way decisions are made .
0	There are two kinds of log segments : those corresponding to the portion of a log between two notches and those corresponding to the portions of a log end that extend in front of or behind the two most extreme notches .
1	The target polarity classification ( slot 3 ) is addressed by means of a multiclass SVM algorithm which includes lexical based features such as the polarity values obtained from domain and open polarity lexicons .
0	An English example for each feature is provided in Table 5 .
1	It is commonly accepted that machine translation is a more complex task than part of speech tagging .
0	Remark 9 ( Training Time ) Training our network is quite computationally expensive .
1	The proposed computational framework is based on constructing a network between creative products and using this network to infer about the originality and influence of its nodes .
0	We also extend the tool for iterative hypothesis testing and graphical input system without textual interruption .
1	A submodular function based on likelihood ratios is used to determine how acoustically similar each training utterance is to a target test set .
0	Not until it had been separated from those relatives for a fairly long period and had succeeded in pushing eastward would I loosen the external ties .
1	Prediction markets provide an efficient means to assess uncertain quantities from forecasters .
0	The matrix R is then normalized appropriately to form a column stochastic matrix .
1	This model was implemented and integrated in the CISMeF system .
0	The final embedding size must be selected as a multiple M of the character embedding dimensionalityC .
1	Our results clearly demonstrate the generalization ability and scalability obtained by the Twin Neural Network on large unbalanced datasets .
0	key phrases of a document must not be part of the document .
1	Our generic graph formulation allows the algorithm to be applied to scenarios such as grids with holes ( modeling obstacles ) in arbitrary dimensions .
0	There are attempts at converting other annotation formats into the standard .
1	We consider the task of performing probabilistic inference with probabilistic logical models .
0	It expands one vertex in the open list during each iteration .
1	We also prove upper and lower bounds on the size and number of prime implicates .
0	The proof is by structural induction of the syntax of terms .
1	We indicate that KNN can perform anticipation and classification processes with high accuracy in compared with two other algorithms to anticipate participation .
0	Why are they much more helpful for image retrieval than for caption retrieval ?
1	The experiments are conducted both on the synthetic and real data .
0	the number of groups G. The treatment of objects is more subtle since they must not participate to ECLiPSe models .
1	This paper addresses a question about music cognition : how do we derive polymetric structures .
0	We implemented support in BGLangTools for automatic retrieval of all lemmas provided by these projects and automatic word form generation for the lemmas having inflected forms .
1	We then use FI to measure difficulty of the sentences of each category and find that sentences containing both of the concepts have low readability .
0	We can see that the ROUGE scores reach their peak around 0.7semTh and decline afterwards .
1	This study also provides an analysis of the most important attributes of a traffic accident that could produce an outcome of injury to the people involved in the accident .
0	Abstract instantiations must be extended to specify the generating objects for each object identifier .
1	The concepts are provided by a robust representation of homogenous segments of EEG signal using spatial covariance matrices .
0	The definition of the reduct from the previous section suggests a technique to simulate PASP using classical ASP .
1	This turns out to be a more difficult task than predicting popular topics .
0	Step3 : Remove duplicate terms from the input text documents .
1	The main reason for such result is inexactness of constant brightness assumption for smooth bodies .
0	5 shows the precision and recall of behaviour transitions ( in addition to recognition accuracy ) as a function of the window size .
1	We consider how to use the Bellman residual of the dynamic programming operator to compute suboptimality bounds for solutions to stochastic shortest path problems .
0	An obstacle is detected if the IR sensor with the maximum reading Imax has value Vmax equal to 250 or more .
1	The time domain waveform of a speech signal carries all of the auditory information .
0	The robot can grasp an object and observe it from various viewpoints .
1	We experiment with our technique on synthetic utility data and on a real database of utility functions in the domain of prenatal diagnosis .
0	Forward difference coding was applied to the place of articulation .
1	Automatic terminology processing appeared 10 years ago when electronic corpora became widely available .
0	Some of them were eventually included in our final submission .
1	We consider the question : what can be learnt by looking at and listening to a large amount of unlabelled videos ?
0	One has to read and understand nearly 20 Chinese characters7 a second to reach this speed .
1	In this paper we proposed the machine learning models which learn the morphophonemic rules for noun declensions from the given training data .
0	The selection and creation of a machine learning classifier is the next step once the document representation scheme is finalised .
1	The performance of the speaker recognition system is evaluated on GMM and 2 state ergodic HMM with different mixture components and test speech duration .
0	Many algorithmically generated tweets contain similar structures with minor character replacements and long chains of common substrings .
1	The technique exploits the propagation of query bindings and extends the Magic Set ( MS ) optimization technique .
0	Using this observation along with Theorems 5.1 and 5.2 allows us to prove the following approximation bounds for our overall approach .
1	Biclustering is evolving into one of the major tools for analyzing large datasets given as matrix of samples times features .
0	Listing 1.2 : A sample of RDF triples representing a Multipolygon Axiom 2 ( Polygon ) An instance of the class geom : Polygon is defined by its contour which is an instance of the class geom : LinearRing associated with the instance of geom : Polygon via the property geom : exterior .
1	It has been extended to address issues with sparse representations .
0	Fig 7 shows average positions of the 751 emojis in tweets .
1	We take a different line of research and present an automated method for generating conceptual metaphors from linguistic data .
0	A very good example of what can be done is posted on the United Kingdom open data website14 .
1	We report on a comparative study of the processes involved in Text Classification applied to classifying Cause of Death : feature value representation ; machine learning classification algorithms ; and feature reduction strategies in order to identify the suitable approaches applicable to the classification of Verbal Autopsy text .
0	This is achieved by first computing semantic representations for 95 each sentence in a document .
1	In this paper we introduce a novel repeated IRL problem that captures an aspect of AI safety as follows .
0	Placing a pebble on a node in the graph represents accomplishing the corresponding task .
1	This approach has recently led to the discovery of novel tractable classes .
0	The algorithm ( described in the supplementary material ) is consistent under the following assumptions .
1	Recently recurrent neural networks ( RNN ) has been very successful in handling sequence data .
0	This makes the analysis significantly more difficult than that of the LMS or LMF algorithm .
1	We demonstrate the proposed approaches on four different link prediction tasks .
0	Intelligent agents are also used in the above mentioned techniques to implement the automated process [ 35 ] .
1	Therefore we figure out some directions based on prior works to enrich datasets of Linked Data by using web mining .
0	This induces a probability distribution over the joint support of these random variables .
1	In this paper we represent an innovative method for preparing a reliable Software Requirement Specification ( SRS ) document with the help of reverse speech .
0	Doing this allows us to keep control over the recognition performance .
1	Collaborative filtering is an effective recommendation approach in which the preference of a user on an item is predicted based on the preferences of other users with similar interests .
0	PASP combines ASP and possibility theory by associating a necessity value with atoms and rules .
1	As a solution we propose to use the geometric mean of the Laplacians of positive and negative part and show that it outperforms the existing approaches .
0	We tokenize tweets and compute the number of occurrences of each term in a trend .
1	In this paper we present a simple model that enables recent techniques for building word vectors to represent distinct senses of polysemic words .
0	We further compare to the shiftreduce parser of Zhu et al .
1	We derive a fast posterior inference algorithm based on variational methods .
0	Texts of the community share the same structure and vocabulary to describe both the tasting and the flavors of the beer .
1	One approach to addressing this dilemma is for the agent to infer human goals by observing human behavior .
0	Searching for the sequence Y with the highest probability given X is too expensive because of the combinatorial growth in the number of sequences .
1	We first present a nonparametric treatment of the PLSA model named nonparametric probabilistic latent semantic analysis ( nPLSA ) .
0	The error probability is decreased as the number of bits and hash functions used grows .
1	Following this validation GALiWeather will be released as a real service offering custom forecasts for a wide public .
0	Both training and CV PERs are shown in the plots .
1	It is commonly used in informal settings such as social networking sites and is often with mixed with English .
0	The estimation accuracy of the contextual distribution increases with the number of documents which may not be as large as required .
1	Our approach opens an important way to improve the performance of automatic vowelization of Arabic texts for other uses in automatic natural language processing .
0	Feedback consistency is the key property behind the rationale of the learning mechanism above .
1	Most of Text Summarizers ( TS ) are processing as compressing the initial data and they necessarily suffer from information loss .
0	IBM provides in a video and a web site all relevant information to understand the mode of operation of the system .
1	Our empirical evaluation and case studies show that M.A.R.K can identify keywords of high interest and provide developers with useful user opinions .
0	These formulas are fed into the UG engine that convolutely parses each one of them until a single or multiple values are calculated for the entire expression .
1	Models of applying distributional semantics to big linguistic data are described .
0	We introduce handling for two such recurring examples : appositions and existentials .
1	This implies that features should be shared by several classes .
0	These results may be somewhat unexpected but can be explicated when we take a look in Table 2 .
1	The learning in second stage and corresponding digitally stored coefficients are used to increase robustness of the core analog processor .
0	We used several tools to perform the tasks described in section 3 .
1	The model showed promising result when tested and can be implemented to some other sentiment analysis problems .
0	This matrix gives a minimum error for set of epipoles candidates defined on figure f ( Red asterisks ) and for the correspondent points set defined by the CTPM and current epipoles .
1	The tree pruning step is specially designed to focus on the granularity problem .
0	Their motivation was that defining data quality separately loses emphasis on using information .
1	Recent approaches have focused on computing an optimal policy based on the minimax regret criterion for obtaining a robust policy under uncertainty in the reward function .
0	Our hypothesis is that working on minimal graphs will suppress redundancy and lead to a more controlled behavior .
1	We also show that a slight variant of CL with unlimited restarts is as powerful as RES itself .
0	Note that the suffix PF is added to signify that this method uses a possibilistic function ( fmin ) before ensuring the CNF encoding .
1	An efficient speech to text converter for mobile application is presented in this work .
0	In order to perform the task of confidence estimation across different machine translation systems we define a machine learning system which uses independent features which are extracted from the input ( source ) sentences and their corresponding translation ( target ) sentences .
1	The formula has a number of theoretical implications on LBP .
0	This work presents a novel algorithm that satisfies regulations outlined above .
1	This paper presents a study of the dynamic coupling between a user and a virtual character during body interaction .
0	It thus represents an advancement in the proof discovery process .
1	We believe to develop a technique describing several graph models in a unifying way .
0	We can clearly see that our method clusters all the French questions tightly together .
1	We also conducted a deep analysis of provided Polish data as preparatory work for the automatic data correction and cleaning phase .
0	int getHeadNum ( ) Returns the number of this Head .
1	This claim is supported by empirical results obtained by incorporating support for query pack execution in two existing learning systems .
0	This value is the optimal VSM dimensionality that is experimentally decided .
1	Focusing on a smaller set of probable diagnoses scales the approach but generally leads to increased average diagnostic costs .
0	Let Ef be the system of equations obtained from E by substituting the values f ( u ) in the equations for the variables of B .
1	Rough set theory has been one of the most successful methods used for feature selection .
0	The graph features used by HSP were each intentionally selected to represent part of the history of the previously constructed hybrid graph .
1	We also briefly analyze the behavior of bilinear programming algorithms under incomplete samples .
0	Proposition 1 allows us to use a mixture environment model whenever we can use an environment model .
1	Our extensive evaluation of the semantic classification is based on a linking to three other lexical resources at the word sense level : to the German wordnet GermaNet and to the English resources VerbNet and FrameNet .
0	Figure 4 shows the obtained alignments on some utterance from the training set .
1	Experiments on several sequence prediction tasks show that this approach yields significant improvements .
0	If we do not have a proof then maybe there is a proof but we missed it .
1	The best learned agent can score goals more reliably than the 2012 RoboCup champion agent .
0	... ... ... ... ... .. 164 Table 10.1 : Contextual rules used by the hybrid oracle .
1	Empirical experiments show that our method greatly improves the efficiency of HLTA .
0	Introduction 2 types of MWEs and hence leaves a lot of room for improvement .
1	We generalize the algorithm and improve its scalability by reducing the complexity with respect to the number of observations from exponential to polynomial .
0	The table also compares the number of unknown word types and word tokens when translating the test data .
1	Consider a person trying to spread an important message on a social network .
0	Then any two interpretations can be compared w.r.t the lexicographical ordering defined by Definition 4 .
1	Learning is cast explicitly as an optimisation problem where the goal is to find a BN structure which maximises log marginal likelihood ( BDe score ) .
0	The low variability of confidence value of a concept may correspond to constantly having high or low confidence value in most environments .
1	( 3 ) We show empirically that our approach can converge and find optimal plans in environments that would ordinarily defy planning due to their high dynamics .
0	Arabic language capability was recently added to the Toolkit by Leah Larkey .
1	But experience shows about 4 per cent of tokens encountered in test sets are unknown even when the training set is as large as a million words .
0	We first compare two standard paradigms : reinforcement learning ( RL ) and maximum marginal likelihood ( MML ) .
1	The technology stack of the semantic web should be extended by such operations .
0	The vector of placeholders enables the system to accept both terms originally written by the user .
1	We prove that our strategy is competitive with the optimal teaching policy .
0	Lemma 5 ( Hammer and Kogan [ 21 ] ) .
1	Doing this requires determining which portions of the structure are occluded in the first place .
0	Recall is simply the accuracy of predicting labels for documents not in the training set .
1	amLite is a framework developed to map ASCII transliterated Amharic texts back to the original Amharic letter texts .
0	Removing the morphological information does not change the semantics of most phrasemes ( or multiwords ) .
1	We evaluate our system against human composed summaries and also present an evaluation done by humans to measure the quality attributes of our summaries .
0	We employ a variety of metrics for measuring the degree of disagreement between two classi ers over the output labels for a given sentence .
1	We used all possible combination of Hindi translated query using transliteration of English query terms and choosing the best query among them for retrieval of documents .
0	They also contribute a method for eliciting rewards using sampling to approximate the expected value of information of noisy information about a point in reward space .
1	Using this measure as a weight we calculate a maximal spanning tree of the Wikipedia corpus considered as a directed graph of pages and categories .
0	A conjunctive query is a question that contains more than one entities and the answer is given as the conjunction of all path queries starting from each entity .
1	This paper presents a systematic methodology for offering personalized course sequence recommendations to students .
0	It satisfies all the above four conditions and therefore is a true metric .
1	Feature reduction is an important concept which is used for reducing dimensions to decrease the computation complexity and time of classification .
0	( 7.5.5 ) are only upper bounds and it would be interesting to analyze these cases in more detail and also to analyze interpolation between several norms instead of just two .
1	The method transforms it into a graph representing the deep semantic structure of a natural language phrase .
0	User can fill in all of the fields and make new entries to the database .
1	Vast numbers of Spam emails are sent mainly from automatic botnets distributed over the world .
0	The current resource balance is the difference between the revenues ( this is what businesses consume ) and expenses ( this is what businesses spend when they act ) .
1	Our algorithm detects botnets based on monitoring abnormal activity by correlating the changes in log file sizes from different hosts .
0	Figure 5 ( left ) shows for each method the difference between its TMLLt and that obtained by SVB ( which is considered the baseline method ) .
1	We then propose a system to generate these descriptions consisting of two steps : formula construction and description generation .
0	But this process also has the possibility of completely losing certain vital information regarding the characters .
1	Word clusters have been empirically shown to offer important performance improvements on various tasks .
0	This application uses our automatic speech recognition system to detect errors in the pronunciation of the learner .
1	Developing and testing algorithms for autonomous vehicles in real world is an expensive and time consuming process .
0	A.Malashonok have programmed AGS prover to make local experiments with .
1	We address the problem of belief change in ( nonmonotonic ) logic programming under answer set semantics .
0	Computer Supported Cooperative Work ( CSCW ) is considered as an attempt to understand the nature and characteristics of collaborative work [ 12 ] .
1	This work proposes a novel framework for the development of new products and services in transportation through an open innovation approach based on automatic content analysis of social media data .
0	We have released text annotations for the videos in Sec .
1	In this paper we advocate for explicitly modeling the partial order structure of this hierarchy .
0	Mizuno and Sato ( 2004 ) ; Horton et al .
1	Prior works on the opinion spam problem mostly considered classifying fake reviews using behavioral user patterns .
0	Effect Event : flee ( Action ) ; People ( Actor ) ; 150000 ( Actor Attributes ) ; Carolina ( Location ) ; 31 Aug 1993 ( Time ) .
1	Standard approaches to crowdsourcing view the process of acquiring labeled data separately from the process of learning a classifier from the gathered data .
0	That led us to simplify the neural network architecture as described in the Model section .
1	The objective is to reduce the error in the classification phase .
0	The growing maturity level of NLP techniques makes now possible to automatic process large amount of textual resources and extract information about the events mentioned in the text .
1	When manual annotations and user preference data is lacking ( e.g .
0	A history of queried words and phrases is maintained by the GUI .
1	This paper describes an overview of speech recognition system that includes how speech is produced and the properties and characteristics of Hindi Phoneme .
0	Homogeneity is a parameter that has a behavior opposite contrast .
1	We use the contextual information contained in translation resources for extracting context based features.The proposed method uses LTR to construct a translation ranking model based on defined features .
0	A common concept in deep learning is transfer learning using pretrained neural network models .
1	The method achieves promising results in classification of event type as well as in estimating the location of the event .
0	The first inequality is due to the convexity of the KLdivergence in only the first argument .
1	A natural way to address this issue is as an attack planning problem .
0	The model representation could cause poisoning or evasion through loss of precision .
1	We give an alternate proof on the equivalence of sufficiency and separability .
0	Certain word pairs have a special relation with each other .
1	The next challenge lies in semantically performing clustering based on the semantic contents of the document .
0	Table 1 shows the statistics of the three different corpora with their corresponding languages .
1	Using RS such a reliable method for SRS documentation was developed .
0	In order to get an idea of the difficulty of our dictionary disambiguation task we determined the ratio of wrong edges in the graph .
1	These two different settings are commonly referred to as the sequential and batch settings of Bayesian Optimization .
0	The score function estimator for the gradient of the ELBO applies to both discrete and continuous latent variable models .
1	Experimental results suggest that this approach is an efficient one in comparison to different other techniques extensively addressed in literature .
0	The paper performs a comprehensive comparison study of the existing methodologies .
1	Our model learns to assign similar embeddings to aligned sentences and dissimilar ones to sentence which are not aligned while not requiring word alignments .
0	An interpretation which satisfies all rules of a simple disjunctive program is called a model of that program .
1	Many natural language processing ( NLP ) applications require the computation of similarities between pairs of syntactic or semantic trees .
0	Given two sets of pedestrian images I1 and I2 come from two disjoint cameras .
1	Searle has shown that the successful model can not be solely computational .
0	Candidate Selection Statistically or linguistically motivated filtering to limit the set of candidates to words with a high probability of being relevant .
1	We present a new methodology for modeling and predicting such future news events using machine learning and data mining techniques .
0	Separate probabilities are calculated for those words which are not name entities .
1	Our experimental results and statistical analyses show that both methods produce the correct answer in noisy human computation environment more often than majority voting .
0	In fact all the examples we saw in previous chapters were Banach lattices under appropriate partial order .
1	The resulting population of motifs is shown to have considerable potential value for other applications such as forecasting and algorithm seeding .
0	A smaller spectral angle indicates larger similarity between the spectra .
1	PDNN is a lightweight deep learning toolkit developed under the Theano environment .
0	7 The corpus indicates a complementary distribution of both patterns with only few exceptions .
1	Making a decision is often a matter of listing and comparing positive and negative arguments .
0	We automatically label all ri of the entailing pairs as entailing rules .
1	One of the important factors that affects the performance of Cross Language Information Retrieval ( CLIR ) is the quality of translations being employed in CLIR .
0	It is difficult to derive the time complexity for the average case because it is unclear what the average case is in terms of passivity .
1	This paper presents several novel generalization bounds for the problem of learning kernels based on the analysis of the Rademacher complexity of the corresponding hypothesis sets .
0	The game ends immediately if there is ever a connecting line of squares belonging to the same player .
1	The connection derives a number of new theoretical results on LBP and BFE .
0	Theorem 1 Suppose that the ShareBoost algorithm runs for T iterations and let W be its output matrix .
1	The approach is validated on three real data sets over three latent variable models .
0	The steep drop at the repair onset shows the usefulness of WML features for fluency measures .
1	Feature weighting is a technique used to approximate the optimal degree of influence of individual features .
0	We see that increasing both the size and the depth of the LSTM network does not achieve the gains provided by the HyperLSTM .
1	The overall positive quality assessment provides evidence that the keywords indeed convey relevant information about the relationship .
0	Section 4 presents a qualitative analysis of word reordering across language pairs .
1	Lower complexity bounds that imply some limitations for the feasibility of lifted inference on more expressive model classes were established early on in ( Jaeger 2000 ) .
0	The interpolation weights were tuned using an independent development set .
1	We are proposing a tool able to gather information on social networks from narrative texts .
0	Recent advances in deep neural networks have rendered it possible to learn representations of unstructured data such as sequences or text [ 26 ] .
1	The preliminary results suggest that the probabilistic models allowing for effective computational procedures are represented by sequences possessing a special property ; we shall call them perfect sequences .
0	These added documents are randomly drawn from the initial 21 Wikipedia categories .
1	Policies for each agent are represented by stochastic finite state controllers .
0	We summarize the recognizers used as well as information collected during the collapsing algorithm in Table 4.1 .
1	Characters and places of the narrative works are extracted in a list of raw words .
0	The main difference between them is how this update is accomplished .
1	It is also difficult for the manufacturer or seller of a product to accurately monitor customer opinions .
0	Tree kernels have been used before in this task ( with SVMs ) by Hardmeier ( 2011 ) and Hardmeier et al .
1	We also performed an additional experiment using these models to predict next actions and found that for such use case the model based on a Feedforward Neural Network outperformed the other models .
0	Both of these systems are almost totally phonetic [ 2 ] .
1	Our results demonstrate that by incorporating multilingual evidence we can achieve impressive performance gains across a range of scenarios .
0	In the second part of the paper we will validate the improvement we can obtain in a simple sentiment analysis task with the lexicon produced by our ensemble method over the single SWN metrics and over other widely used handmade lexica .
1	We compare different methods of performing such clustering and different source corpora .
0	give a simple iterative process to minimize this function over the vocabulary of the original embeddings .
1	This literature survey is groundwork to understand the different parser development for Indian languages and various approaches that are used to develop such tools and techniques .
0	The division of the pis into groups is performed based on domain knowledge .
1	These results statistically justify existing clustering algorithms in the domain of graphs .
0	Using LDA the computer generated 100 strings of related words ; each string was manually labeled by researchers within the team based on their domain expertise .
1	We present a general framework for comparing multiple groups of documents .
0	( c ) Variable mismatch with three phone dependent scales .
1	We examine Bayesian methods for learning Bayesian networks from a combination of prior knowledge and statistical data .
0	Another difference to modern grammars is that Arabic includes binary relations between words that are not always based on governance per se .
1	The accuracy obtained with this method is comparable to that of other probabilistic approaches .
0	ENTREL is used to mark cohesion when no specific coherence relation can be identified .
1	We provide an error propagation analysis for AMPI that unifies those for approximate policy and value iteration .
0	We report on the test results for the value with the best training error .
1	We show that the methods very significantly improve on previous results in parsing theorems from the Flyspeck corpus .
0	We report the results for each issue type in Table 12 .
1	We also study the impact of group size on both performance and accuracy .
0	This gives the long tail characteristics to the simulated data .
1	A key advantage is that we can use any available algorithms and tools for Bayesian networks in order to represent and infer lower bounds .
0	This is quite different from the pattern mining setting where the user provides a frequency threshold .
1	We distinguish between the communication of information in the network space ( social network analysis ) and the communication of meaning in the vector space .
0	... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... . 215 Table 10.2 : Morphological feature sets for parsing Classical Arabic .
1	There have been many proposals concerning how this logical problem can be dissolved .
0	It is particularly useful when variational parameters are optimised by gradient methods .
1	Dynamic behaviour of a WMN imposes stringent constraints on the routing policy of the network .
0	The number of correctly answered questions corresponding to each question structure type can be found in the third column of Table 5 .
1	A matching lower bound is given for the finite case .
0	The above theorem establishes connections between offline convex optimization and statistical convex learning especially for supervised learning problems .
1	We can also extend our techniques to the problem of discovering generalized additivity structure in the utility functions in the population .
0	The following image represents a partial part of the interface .
1	We motivate this work from a psychological evidence that humans naturally have a tendency to point towards objects in the context or the environment when the name of an object is not known .
0	2012 ; Lerner and Petrov 2013 ; Jehl et al .
1	We propose a sampling scheme suitable for reducing a data set prior to selecting a hypothesis with minimum empirical risk .
0	Srihari and Burhans ( 1994 ) used captions accompanying photos to help identify people and objects .
1	However Semantic similarity measures built for general use do not perform well within specific domains .
0	The 30 remained files of each class are used for the system test .
1	The representation of data affects the performance of the whole machine learning system .
0	Then it retrieves the requested file from the local cache and serves the request .
1	This is motivated by our goal of automating the task of postmasters of an email service who use regular expressions to describe and blacklist email spam campaigns .
0	This dataset will be automatically annotated by an emotion classifier and then used to train our model .
1	We present a novel framework for learning to interpret and generate language using only perceptual context as supervision .
0	The full list of features can be found in table 6 .
1	The experimental results on WEBQUESTIONS demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach .
0	This search space does not capture the structure of the underlying graphical model .
1	Our approach yields optimal or nearly optimal mechanisms in several application domains using various objective functions .
0	Running example : The Equidistant Frequency Permutation Array ( EFPA ) problem ( Huczynska et al .
1	The paper also provides different levels of classification and detailed comparison of the phrase structure learning methods .
0	We would like to point out that we use this scheme here only to prove our theoretical bounds using specific formulas .
1	The process is sometimes assisted by software tools that facilitate the information extraction from a textual corpus .
0	4 Chapter 2 Background on Penetration Testing 7 2.1 Computer Network Intrusions .
1	This paper helps the researchers for getting info regarding dialogues system .
0	Suitabilities for a subset of papers were elicited in two rounds .
1	The proposed model is based on lemmatization and feature selection and is employed Naive Bayes algorithm for classification .
0	Cepstral based features are the most commonly used feature vectors in speech processing tasks .
1	Experimental results on tree kernels show that this procedure results in better prediction performance compared to hyperparameter optimization via grid search .
0	This addition has solved the problem of the availability of an Arabic retrieval system for research and experimentation .
1	Comparison of the proposed framework is performed with other information retrieval systems .
0	Nc represent a finite set of class nodes depicted as ellipses in graph .
1	claim that its spanning subspace should have low dimension and the coefficients corresponding to this dictionary should be similar .
0	( 4 ) where is a word frequency rank position while and are the start and the end of the considered symbol rank segment respectively .
1	The agent has to act on behalf of a human in a sequence of tasks and wishes to minimize the number of tasks that it surprises the human .
0	created an English corpus of spoken discourse containing PDTB and CCR annotations for every relation .
1	Metadata in relational databases can be used to extract ontology from database in a special domain .
0	Proof : Let L be the depth of the overall tree and Lj be the depth of the two nodes .
1	As k becomes larger we encounter the sparsity problem ; most higher order graphlets will not occur in a given graph .
0	We can do that because these probabilities are the same as those computed from the original influence diagram .
1	It is parameterised in a discriminative framework and has polynomial time algorithms for learning and inference .
0	Recently some efforts have also been made to produce polarity lexicons also for languages different from English .
1	The effect of inaccuracies in the parameters of a dynamic Bayesian network can be investigated by subjecting the network to a sensitivity analysis .
0	Record will be deleted after specified period automatically from both the VLRs .
1	These models are trained to learn sandhi rules using various learning algorithms and the performance of those algorithms are presented .
0	There are a number of approaches to dealing with the class imbalance problem .
1	We conclude with a set of recommendations one should follow to build a scalable neural language model for MT .
0	Rough Set Attribute Reduction ( RSAR ) [ 3 ] provides a filterbased tool by which knowledge may be extracted from a domain in a concise way ; retaining the information content whilst reducing the amount of knowledge involved .
1	The system is developed in the ESTA ( Expert System shell for Text Animation ) which is Visual Prolog 7.3 Application .
0	How can such admissible colorings be constructed for general graphs ?
1	One of these challenges is the detection of idioms or proverbs phrases within the writer text or comment .
0	The need to ascertain the agreement and reliability between coders for segmentation was recognized 3Georgescul et al .
1	This paper reports about our work in the ICON 2013 NLP TOOLS CONTEST on Named Entity Recognition .
0	One possibility is that people actually formed likelihood estimates through simulation with an internal causal model .
1	We apply it to a large Twitter conversational dataset specifically developed for this task .
0	The classifier is trained to distinguish plausible sentences like animals eat plants from implausible sentences like animals eat planets .
1	This is why it is important to find out which PPs and which CMs for a PCM lead directly to an improvement of the PRs estimation accuracy .
0	Computation efficiency of CGENS We evaluate the computation efficiency of the proposed CGENS .
1	We show that the combined approach has better performance on a word relatedness judgment task .
0	This upper bound is optimal as we can find formulae with exponentially large prime implicates .
1	We present an empirical evaluation of our approach on real and synthetic data from a video surveillance application .
0	More closely related source languages improve performance more than distant ones .
1	We show that we can apply statistical density estimation techniques to learn such a density function from a database of partially elicited utility functions .
0	Unigram word models ( for prior probabilities of words belonging to positive or negative classes ) 2 .
1	The proposed fusion and dimensionality reduction tools may be applied to other types of geophysical data .
0	The two schools of thought had different approaches to linguistic analysis .
1	Applying deep learning methods to these problems can produce more useful results than standard methods in finance .
0	The summary results are to be found in Table 5 .
1	Eye detection is divided into eye position detection and eye contour detection .
0	The success of the approach relies critically on the existence of meaningful bottleneck states .
1	K and M occurrences ) and faster than any other known ELP solver .
0	Khoja and Garside stemmer [ 16 ] removes the longest suffix and the longest prefix .
1	We use a variant of Robinson resolution to determine the necessary inference rules .
0	SENNA maps every word available in its 130 thousand word dictionary to a vector of 50 floating numbers .
1	Sarcasm is considered one of the most difficult problem in sentiment analysis .
0	A relationship between two signifiers can never provide the relationship between a signifier and a signified object .
1	The approach depends heavily on the goodness of the retrieval and revision components of the CBR process .
0	It is based on the Kaldi recipe for Track 2 of the 2nd CHiME Challenge [ 16 ] .
1	This paper examines two simple and effective classes of attentional mechanism : a global approach which always attends to all source words and a local one that only looks at a subset of source words at a time .
0	The latter in turn can produce one or more phonetic hypotheses generally associated with a probability for each segment of the speech signal .
1	In this work we formulate the navigation question as a reinforcement learning problem and show that data efficiency and task performance can be dramatically improved by relying on additional auxiliary tasks to bootstrap learning .
0	to be quite effective in discriminating between the 17 genres used in their study .
1	We define LSST problems as reinforcement learning problems and present a solution using policy gradients .
0	A second issue is that multiple candidate SIS sets may exist for a decision variable .
1	Turkic languages exhibit extensive and diverse etymological relationships among lexical items .
0	These merged graphs contain all the graphs produced by the training data .
1	This implies that the cognitive processes underlying causal learning must be substantially approximate .
0	U ( x ) is a zero mean Gaussian distribution .
1	Previous methods overburden a single distribution with two separate tasks : ( i ) modeling the uncertainty in the latent variables during training ; and ( ii ) making accurate predictions for the output and the latent variables during testing .
0	Using Algorithm 1 with an appropriate decomposition it is indeed possible to achieve this rate .
1	The prosodic subspace is made up of directly measurable physical variables .
0	Methods of training ( or obtaining ) the feature embeddings will be discussed later .
1	The aim of this paper is to construct a single VSM that encodes information about spoken dialects from both the Phonotactic and Acoustic VSMs .
0	For the synonym identification task we are using the TOEFL 80 questions data set and the ESL 50 questions data set .
1	BCs provide a feedback from the listener to the speaker indicating to the speaker that he is still listened to .
0	The bilingual ASR tasks in the telecom domain is chosen to evaluate the proposed approach .
1	We present an extension of the famous Hall theorem which characterizes when simultaneous bipartite matchings exists .
0	The social sciences have both strong qualitative and quantitative branches .
1	Our research focuses on investigating ways of mining data from such platforms that can be used for modeling users and for semantically augmenting user profiles .
0	The sum of k largest errors : This formulation represents a hybrid between the robust and expected formulations .
1	The paper reviews an emerging body of theoretical results on deep learning including the conditions under which it can be exponentially better than shallow learning .
0	The results show that each component plays a role in improving the system accuracy .
1	I will stress how an interpretation of the No Fee Lunch theorem leads naturally to a general Bayesian optimization framework .
0	These newswire corpora have annotations for temporal entities other than timexes in addition to a total of 2 023 TIMEX3 annotations .
1	His would enable the visually impaired and those with reading disabilities to easily access the contents of Sanskrit verses otherwise available only in writing .
0	The product form ( 57 ) also achieves this and is based on the theorem : The product of any two numbers will always be less than or equal to the square of their average .
1	A SOM is an ideal candidate for comparison as it shares similarities with the DCA in terms of the data fusion method employed .
0	This proves ( a ) and ( b ) for atomic formulas .
1	We show that using neighborhood clusters instead of individual neighborhoods helps to reduce the parameter configuration space without misleading the search of the tuning procedure .
0	detectors are noisy and appear unintelligible to the human eye .
1	Also we use inductive reasoning beside our approach to make it outperform .
0	Then spiral distribution of pixels in the abstract image is employed as the key concept for feature extraction .
1	Choquet expected utility ( CEU ) is one of the most sophisticated decision criteria used in decision theory under uncertainty .
0	It runs in O ( n ) time per iteration .
1	First there is the application of game theory to cryptography .
0	This leads to the following more general definition of local independence .
1	This paper proposes a classification based approach for estimating the future class of wind ramp event based on certain thresholds .
0	The stationary distribution is almost indistinguishable from the true posterior .
1	The goal of adaptive inference is to take advantage of what is preserved in the model and perform inference more rapidly than from scratch .
0	The LSTM units we have used are functionally the same as the units used by Vinyals et al .
1	examining how the linguistic disciplines are fundamental in their progress .
0	It is often used for describing and predicting vocabulary growth [ 10 ] .
1	What changes are needed to how we conduct research to increase the impact that ML has ?
0	The cosine measure of vectors was used as a similarity metric .
1	We show how drawing a connection to the recent notion of hypertree decompositions allows to exploit determinism in the problem specification and produce tighter bounds .
0	We will consider a base configuration which will be modified by each of the processing nodes .
1	We are still lacking a profound understanding of appropriate solution representations and effective neighborhood structures .
0	A type level enforcing algorithm forces a term in external syntax to be refined to a valid type .
1	A view of game which people can joy and happy and do their transaction as a fun things .
0	Connections between phrases in x and the generated relations and operations in z are established in the ranking model through features .
1	We formulate signal recovery as a Poisson point process estimation problem .
0	is is probably due to the way the model was trained .
1	An important source for such opinions is user reviews on online app markets .
0	We view this direction as orthogonal to refining monolingual tagging models for any particular language .
1	The algorithm is applied to two case studies : An online regression learning for system identification of a Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition ( HCCI ) Engine and an online classification learning ( with class imbalance ) for identifying the dynamic operating envelope of the HCCI Engine .
0	There is insufficient research on other possible research directions to tackle the first problem .
1	This paper introduces a new approach for document clustering based on the Topic Map representation of the documents .
0	The estimation of their profiles benefits from the high number of reviews per user ( and item ) in this context .
1	This paper addresses this issue by proposing a solution at the indexing level .
0	The scale of the function is unimportant ( expected utility is invariant to affine transformations ) .
1	We present a novel adaptive random subspace learning algorithm ( RSSL ) for prediction purpose .
0	Standard methods developed for finite domains generally do not apply to constraint reasoning over infinite domains .
1	A bridge is created between the metamodel space and languages using parsing techniques .
0	These methods identify the relations between documents by comparing their abstract representations .
1	One big problem is amount of Intrusion which is increasing day by day .
0	For this task I have used a whitespace tokenizer that defines a word as a continuous sequence of character literals separated by one or more whitespace characters .
1	A binary tree based framework is also designed to overcome the granularity mismatch problem .
0	This method ( Hidden Markov Model [ 1 ] ) deals with the dynamic aspects of gestures .
1	The first incorporates seasonality and enables to distinguish user behavior in different time intervals .
0	The first 4 consonants in each row of table 2 .
1	Arabizi is Arabic text that is written using Latin characters .
0	Since SCIP has to resort to branching on bigger problems a primal heuristic specific to BN learning is motivated .
1	It is desirable to have a human computer dialogue in local language .
0	The abstractions used in the previous section have to contain the condition that at least one of the variables being flipped to 0 is 1 to guarantee the corresponding witnesses is strictly smaller ( see ( 7 ) ) .
1	The integration of this Analyzer in our vowelization system required the addition of a lexical database containing the most frequent words in Arabic language .
0	Classical Arabic is fully vowelized and it is the language of the holy Quran .
1	The rapid growth and diversity in service offerings and the ensuing complexity of information technology ecosystems present numerous management challenges ( both operational and strategic ) .
0	A limitation of this approach is that only identical words contribute to the score .
1	Additional diversification is introduced by different types of folds and random search optimization for different measures .
0	Our approach learns event types and assigns the players extracted from the sentence as arguments to the event types .
1	Natural language generation ( NLG ) is a critical component of spoken dialogue and it has a significant impact both on usability and perceived quality .
0	We also want to define more pivot refactoring transformations to optimize and restructure models .
1	We first show that any reasonable asynchronous BP converges to a unique fixed point under conditions similar to those that guarantee convergence of synchronous BP .
0	The following table ( Table 3 ) summarizes our corpus of work in statistical terms : learning and test .
1	This paper showed that the binary tree representation can store outputs with different granularity .
0	The obvious advantage of such sequential models is that repeatly generating outputs conditioned on previous states simplifies the problem of modeling complicated data distributions by mapping them to a sequence of simpler problems .
1	Human judges scored the LSTM system higher on informativeness and naturalness and overall preferred it to the other systems .
0	At iteration i only columns corresponding to maximal costs gist are added ( similar to pivoting in the simplex method ) .
1	The goal of ASR is to transcribe natural speech while SU is to understand the meaning of the transcription .
0	This is essential to recognize and detect the objects from static or moving background variants .
1	Automatic annotation of temporal expressions is a research challenge of great interest in the field of information extraction .
0	This task is often referred to as computing the success probability of Q [ 4 ] .
1	This method employs Learning to Rank ( LTR ) for exploiting different translation resources .
0	Our CTC model obtains comparable results with the ones reported in [ 10 ] .
1	This paper proposes a new method to provide personalized tour recommendation for museum visits .
0	random variables in Banach spaces is governed by the above notion of Rademacher type of the associated Banach space .
1	Distributed representations of meaning are a natural way to encode covariance relationships between words and phrases in NLP .
0	We experimented with two different versions of our biased random walk model that incorporates informative clues from the leading sentences .
1	We propose a new neural language model incorporating both word order and character order in its embedding .
0	13 rey ( capital ( argmax state size ) ) : e ?
1	Such implications are typically discovered by painstaking hand analysis over a small sample of languages .
0	For that reason we want to use them only as indicators of important properties and as a justification for restricting our data in a sensible way .
1	Humans continuously adapt their style and language to a variety of domains .
0	The probability smoothing strategy adopted in our RLS approach works as follows ( see Algorithm 3 ) .
1	The increasing complexity of deep learning architectures is resulting in training time requiring weeks or even months .
0	In the considered toy envelope example it would mean that the colors of envelopes need to be assigned to the users at random .
1	This paper presents a decentralized data fusion and active sensing ( D2FAS ) algorithm for mobile sensors to actively explore the road network to gather and assimilate the most informative data for predicting the traffic phenomenon .
0	Spatial refinement also adds links between Children ( sl ) of a state s l except when the time step is 1 .
1	An inference algorithm for multiplicative models is provided and its correctness is proved .
0	Now let C be the matrix whose columns are pages and whose lines are categories .
1	This accommodates solutions to graphs whose state space does not fit in memory .
0	Note that the quantification of mij depends on the classifier being used .
1	We show that this is impossible for the basic setting .
0	We use vertical and horizontal decision stumps as the weak classifier .
1	AdaBoost is an important algorithm in machine learning and is being widely used in object detection .
0	The proposed focused training procedure is intended to optimize the predictive performance in the situations where the correct prediction of which action to take affects in final the outcome ( the response of the user ) .
1	Such intrinsic behaviors could eventually help the agent solve tasks posed by the environment .
0	The symbols used in the previous tables indicate the confidence level of the statistical significance .
1	They deserve special attention as they are asymmetric unlike stochastic ( in ) dependence .
0	The BOW classifier is an SVM using a unigram feature representation.6 We consider this to be a strong baseline for this new 6Unigrams appearing less than 10 times are excluded .
1	We study the problem of learning Markov decision processes with finite state and action spaces when the transition probability distributions and loss functions are chosen adversarially and are allowed to change with time .
0	The results of the term weighting approach show that the three algorithms performed relatively well considering the difficulties of the Arabic language and the fact that no linguistic adaptation for it was implemented during retrieval .
1	We study the inverse power index problem for weighted voting games : the problem of finding a weighted voting game in which the power of the players is as close as possible to a certain target distribution .
0	Each patient record consists of a text report and accompanying structured KB tuples .
1	Our method is not limited to a specific kind of network structure .
0	Assume that the proposal distribution Q ( XYZ ) is uniform .
1	These principles revolve around the idea that intelligence is a tool for searching for general solutions to problems .
0	The observation of the POMDP P indicates the current MDP state .
1	The algorithm is tested by translating a natural language text describing a graph to an actual graph that is shown as an annotation in the text editor .
0	We then used the best classification cost ratio from networks trained on HDM05 only and applied it to train a network using both HDM05 and CMU datasets .
1	An attentional mechanism has been used in neural machine translation ( NMT ) to selectively focus on parts of the source sentence during translation .
0	Figure 10 shows the CPU time of the extended model over the CPU time of the normal model .
1	Our Pundit algorithm generalizes examples of causality pairs to infer a causality predictor .
0	Or the complexity of ( bio ) chemistry emerges out of the elegant mathematical theory Quantum Electro Dynamics .
1	The aim is to provide a new approach for decision under uncertainty that combines three methodologies : Bayesian networks certainty distribution and fuzzy logic .
0	Let p be the probability that flipping the coin yields true .
1	Analysis of scripts plays an important role in paleography and in quantitative linguistics .
0	The V words must be leaf nodes of the tree .
1	Is there any scientific way to understand the origin of this mysterious force that drives the behavior of even the stupidest naturally intelligent systems and is completely absent in their smartest artificial analogs ?
0	The results show that we are often able to destroy several cones while still being able to compile the circuit successfully .
1	Experiments have been done on real world data and system has been trained in normal condition for real world subject .
0	One weakness of standard regret bounds like those stated so far is that they bound performance only in terms of the static optimal solution over all T rounds .
1	We also explore empirically the potential of the presented techniques .
0	Table I presents the characteristics of MABC used in the experiments .
1	We present a simple and efficient approach for learning to rank .
0	This notion of uncertainty is not restricted to classification problems .
1	These lead to efficient algorithms for two important tasks in causal diagram analysis : ( 1 ) listing minimal covariate adjustments ( with polynomial delay ) ; and ( 2 ) identifying the subdiagram involved in biasing paths ( in linear time ) .
0	The objective of the model is to map these definitions to an embedding of the word that the definition defines .
1	We test the proposed approaches on a real energy plan and we discuss their limitations and advantages .
0	We also presented lower bounds that show that in general this can not be improved except for logarithmic factors .
1	We describe and analyze the ShareBoost algorithm for learning a multiclass predictor that uses few shared features .
0	Clause C1 replaces the initial clause C in the running hypothesis .
1	( 2 ) Can we automatically generate basis functions and evaluate their impact on value function quality ?
0	We take the parameter values of an LSTM with 228 hidden units trained on the Penn Treebank corpus without dropout ( c.f .
1	Integrating higher level visual and linguistic interpretations is at the heart of human intelligence .
0	It turns out that such adaptation may be very expensive .
1	The Mathematical Language Processing ( MLP ) project aims to support that process .
0	A CBG is a BG in which the agents receive identical payoffs .
1	This task acts as a regularizer for standard supervised training of the discriminator .
0	We address this by introducing a latent word class variables c for every token .
1	This approach is compared to several other methods on known networks .
0	IS framework Information System will be implemented with information technology support .
1	In the next step we find a correlation between behavior patterns in the source domain and behavior patterns in the target domain .
0	The function f ( n ) [ 19 ] gives a dependency between the number of possible selections and the generations needed to provide an optimal solution [ 20 ] .
1	A promising solution is the use of a controlled natural language ( CNL ) which is a good mediator between natural and formal languages .
0	So we use this algorithm as a function in our algorithm .
1	As a solution we propose a tripartite formulation for a continuous vector space representation of semantics and subsequently use this representation to develop a formal compositional notion of negation within such models .
0	Below we summarise each chapter of this thesis and elaborate on the material contained therein .
1	Our method is based on means based partitioning of the historical data of car road accidents .
0	The approximation of mel from physical frequency can be expressed as : 700 1log2595 10 ffmel where f is the physical frequency and melf denotes the perceived frequency .
1	We propose a new approach to the analysis of Loopy Belief Propagation ( LBP ) by establishing a formula that connects the Hessian of the Bethe free energy with the edge zeta function .
0	We denote this modified model mixture of Gaussians ( MOG ) NHMC in the sequel .
1	The method we present is entirely unsupervised and benefits from information in the rest of modules of the MT system in which the inferred rules are applied .
0	These CSMs can suit the specific needs of the desired textual or graphical representation for language sentences .
1	The rise of social media such as blogs and social networks has fueled interest in sentiment analysis .
0	They then compute a set of ground literals by grounding all predicates occurring in F with all possible constants in the system .
1	The data for the study comes from Russian National Corpus ( Russian ) .
0	The first method is based on a SVM supervised learning approach .
1	In this introductory article we present the basics of an approach to implementing computational interpreting of natural language aiming to model the meanings of words and phrases .
0	Note that the horizon of both problems is quite long .
1	AIPSeLEX is manually collected and annotated at sentence level with semantic orientation ( positive or negative ) .
0	Solving the problems emerged in practice provides instances for rational thinking and verification .
1	There has been advancement in knowledge management field which involve managing information in databases from a single domain .
0	Pascal Soucy [ 6 ] created a new Text Categorization method named ConfWeight based on statistical estimation of importance word .
1	Evaluations carried out on the official dataset prove the effectiveness of the proposed systems .
0	The relative importance of higher components becomes even more apparent if one observes that some traditional complex network measurements ( i.e .
1	We present a method for automatically generating repair feedback for syntax errors for introductory programming problems .
0	We assume that the set of propositions Pr has a particular structure .
1	FABIA is a generative model that represents each bicluster by two sparse membership vectors : one for the samples and one for the features .
0	These links have been established through WSD procedures that will be discussed in a forthcoming paper .
1	The method described here is designed to generate texts within a good approximation of the original language model provided .
0	A moderate likelihood is equivalent to an average probability value from Table 2 .
1	The truth of the partial and total similarity measures are proved in mathematics .
0	Figure 2 shows the difference between the original misclassification rates we achieves on the regular networks and the misclassification rates we achieve for each feature reduction method .
1	Recent theoretical results suggest that manipulation may often be easy in practice .
0	The following techniques were tried after removing stopwords and spell correction .
1	In this paper we propose introspective classifier learning ( ICL ) that emphasizes the importance of having a discriminative classifier empowered with generative capabilities .
0	The five impossibilities occurring only from domain size 8 onwards have therefore not been verified externally .
1	Requirements traceability is an essential step in ensuring the quality of software during the early stages of its development life cycle .
0	We also need the enumeration removal and other refactoring steps such as the use of local variables and nth predicates .
1	The firstapproach is based on iteration of an affine map .
0	void setParaNum ( int num ) Sets the number of this Paragraph .
1	The algorithm builds on insights gained from the worst case analysis in Eberhardt et al .
0	The representation of a speech signal in the cepstral domain helps us to model the speech signal as source filter model .
1	Probabilistic programming languages and modeling toolkits are two modular ways to build and reuse stochastic models and inference procedures .
0	DF thresholding is the simplest technique for feature selection and reduction .
1	It can also enable specification of new types of rules that are not otherwise possible .
0	We call such queries that are made to an expert golden queries .
1	Experiments conducted using our novel dataset show that the proposed variant of RNN language model outperformed the baseline model .
0	We will show the convergence of wt by bounding the regret RCA .
1	They change the grammatical function of words or the understanding of the sentence through the incorrect tense information in verb .
0	Entropy of the language is the measure of disorder associated with the system .
1	The algorithm accounts for prerequisite requirements ( typically present in higher level education ) and course availability .
0	The multiplier of the formula is set so that the value of were well represented in the corpus .
1	The purpose is to identify the ultimate fidelity that one can achieve by any form of query from the crowd and any decoding ( inference ) algorithm with a given budget .
0	We report the corresponding results for AOSOLogitBoost for the same combinations .
1	We introduce two versions of prioritized sweeping with linear Dyna and briefly illustrate their performance empirically on the Mountain Car and Boyan Chain problems .
0	Notice that this meaning of compositionality is narrower than the mathematical meaning of composition of functions .
1	We explore two techniques to create language networks from learned features by inducing them for two popular word representation methods and examining the properties of their resulting networks .
0	u m : i m final operation codes K k D d S I i weights 1 0 4 2 0 4 2 Fig .
1	We propose a method for integration of features extracted using deep representations of Convolutional Neural Networks ( CNNs ) each of which is learned using a different image dataset of objects and materials for material recognition .
0	Create a node in the BN to represent the delay phase .
1	The distinuishability of emotional features in speech were studied first followed by emotion classification performed on a custom dataset .
0	Our motivation is that important keyphrases occur near the beginning and ending of sentences .
1	This study also found that the two translations were also highly distinguishable from one another .
0	In this measurement the new version also failed to produce at least a single parse less often than the old version ( 631 vs 818 ) .
1	Other possible applications and perspectives of the system are discussed .
0	Differences between old and new descriptions are small and vary from language to language .
1	Bangla is the second most popular script and language in the Indian subcontinent and the fifth most popular language in the world .
0	The implementation leverages the existing concurrent and parallel infrastructure of both ML [ 13 ] and Scala [ 10 ] .
1	This article has two main contributions : 1 ) it identifies and explains major issues and challenges in measuring software quality in use in the context of the ISO SQuaRE series and related software quality models and highlights open research areas ; and 2 ) it sheds light on a research direction that can be used to predict software quality in use .
0	The visualization problem is to find an embedding of all the points U and G in a Euclidean space we call the embedded space .
1	We show how deletions can be automatically predicted ahead of time and analyse which tweets are likely to be deleted and how .
0	The experiments reported here make use of data from the following three solver competitions .
1	An AMPL code for the same IP has also been given .
0	All text collections reported on below ( section 4 ) are publicly accessible ( and web addresses are cited ) .
1	This mapping is considered a bridge between the two domains .
0	In ECLiPSe some of the global constraints such as alldifferent and element are processed with a higher priority than constraints of a lower arity .
1	We present an optimization framework designed to balance topical cohesion between the article and comment summaries along with their informativeness and coverage of the event .
0	The second classification is to classify the sarcasm of the possitive text .
1	Most Relevant Explanation ( MRE ) is a method for finding multivariate explanations for given evidence in Bayesian networks [ 12 ] .
0	A deactivated transition has a probability value of 0 and is therefore not involved in ( 4 ) .
1	The purpose of this research is to explore whether the syntactic structures and subjects and objects of verbs can be distinguishable features for phishing detection .
0	The other scenario being fixing the ambient temperature membership grade and varying the insolation grades .
1	This paper analyzes the suitability of the standard naive Bayes classifier for approaching this problem .
0	Because a complete solution to this problem is described there .
1	It is the need of this era to access the information within seconds .
0	Dataset X and feature space : We generated synthetic images of insects belonging to two hypothetical species : Weevil and Vespula .
1	This paper studies the theoretical properties of MRE and develops an algorithm for finding multiple top MRE solutions .
0	A check of a given person stay is executed using a time and location of action from a question or basic fact .
1	We introduce a new pairwise ranking loss function which can handle both symmetric and asymmetric similarity between the two modalities .
0	Algorithm 3 is essentially Algorithm 1 with extra lines for FB computations ( marked FB ) .
1	The system is able to infer phrases from a given image sample .
0	[ 158 ] experimented with a latent variable model that jointly models age and topics .
1	We prove that eliminating candidates does not necessarily increase the computational complexity of manipulation .
0	The age of participants range from 14 to 63 and the average value is 24 .
1	Sparsity in GGM plays a central role both statistically and computationally .
0	It remains to show how to use these probabilities to answer queries .
1	This paper explores two separate questions : Can we perform natural language processing tasks without a lexicon ?
0	( 2 ) The other constraints of this problem enforce the flow conservation through the network .
1	These decisions affect the performance of the finished solver significantly .
0	Competitive RoboCup agents are primarily handcoded but may feature components that are learned or optimized .
1	We set out to understand the effects of differing language on the ability of cybercriminals to navigate webmail accounts and locate sensitive information in them .
0	We assume that these epipolar lines are generated by a uniform distribution of points in the image and uniform distribution of directions .
1	We introduce a general and simple structural design called Multiplicative Integration ( MI ) to improve recurrent neural networks ( RNNs ) .
0	The words before and after the noun pair are sometimes important in classifying the relation .
1	We show that a Markov logic network ( MLN ) admits a Gibbs measure as long as each ground atom has a finite number of neighbors .
0	Can the marketer do even better than that in this situation ?
1	We empirically analyze its learning behaviour and conduct evaluations on several tasks using different RNN models .
0	They retrieve anO ( K log T ) bound under this sole assumption .
1	The system simultaneously establishes correspondences between individual comments and the events that they describe while building a translation model that supports both parsing and generation .
0	We do not need to send utility potentials because past payoffs do not count towards the expected utilities of future decisions .
1	Our model leverages insights from discourse theory to constrain latent topic assignments in a way that reflects the underlying organization of document topics .
0	To solve this problem we use Conjugate Gradient method in learning process of ME .
1	These classifiers operate on the same raw image and provide correlated outputs .
0	The theoretical models presented in this paper predict the stochastic behavior of the NNLMF algorithm under the assumption of convergence .
1	Our results are based on a condensed semantics of the dipole relations .
0	Wong and Mooney ( 2006 ) adapted such methods to learn to translate from NL to MRL rather than from one NL to another .
1	Temporal representations ( filters ) for each layer of the convolutional model are learned by leveraging unlabelled fMRI data in an unsupervised fashion by employing regularized autoencoders .
0	Each HIT presents the Turker with the name and website of a hotel .
1	We also explore the potential relation between stylistic influence and network features commonly associated with social status .
0	From XCSP format these instances were also converted to Sugar input format .
1	This paper hypothesizes that chunking plays important role in reducing dependency distance and dependency crossings .
0	Learning to Play Games by Observing Humans 5 The leftmost board in Fig .
1	The paper describes a method for combining data under selection with prior beliefs in order to derive a posterior probability for a model of the causal processes that are generating the data in the population of interest .
0	Each row corresponds to a source language and each column corresponds to a target language .
1	Hence the network enables efficient learning from new datasets for both unsupervised and supervised tasks .
0	In this very brief section we comment on failures of the Bayesian assumption .
1	Fuzzification of crisp certainty degrees to fuzzy variables improves the quality of the network and tends to bring smoothness and robustness in the network performance .
0	Most of dictionary learning methods find their solutions by alternatively solving one variable while fixing others .
1	Our approach generalizes language models as it contains the classical interpolation with lower order models as a special case .
0	The only difference compared to the KRISPER pseudocode is that we now use a WASP semantic parser instead of a KRISP parser .
1	In this paper we address the problems of : identifying Arabizi in text and converting it to Arabic characters .
0	This sections aims to give an outline of how the interface was created and how it interacts with the business logic .
1	Hence authors hope that this work shall be a contribution in the area of speech recognition .
0	We also review previous work on computing suboptimality bounds for solutions found by dynamic programming .
1	Automated recommendation systems are essential for users to discover music they love and for artists to reach appropriate audience .
0	This may be due to the difference in frequency resolution of the representations used and summarised as follows .
1	The second portion of our system focuses on gaining an understanding of the syntax of a language using a recursive method .
0	This result may reflect that young learners do not use a wide range of vocabulary or grammatical constructions when expressing their emotions and that the lexical items are quite specifics to the Emotive class .
1	Hidden Markov Model ( HMM ) is often regarded as the dynamical model of choice in many fields and applications .
0	These attribute values are then substituted with their equivalent from the input .
1	An improved cross lane synchronication scheme boosts performance improvements to 3.1x over DaDN .
0	An adverbial clause consists of an optional subordinating conjunction and a subordinate clause .
1	We test our module with a conversational agent that answers questions in the art domain .
0	They show that this minimal model is sufficient to capture participants judgment patterns in two case studies .
1	In this paper we propose a number of architectural advances in CNNs for LVCSR .
0	Quantization is the process of replacing a range of real numbers by a single number .
1	We present here an approach that automatically discovers more detailed information about actual chaining constraints by statically analyzing transformations .
0	This allows us to isolate the impact of MTL in the presence of Tensors .
1	Our experiments using a real world dataset collected from Twitter validates that such predictions can be done with reasonable accuracy .
0	We now present three methods for selecting a best answer in human computation tasks that are based on the hypothesis that humans are better at comparing results to pick the correct one than at producing correct results .
1	The STM models dependency parsed corpora where sentences are grouped into documents .
0	The Laplacian is always a symmetric square matrix such that the sum over rows ( or columns ) is 0 .
1	We present an approach to labeling short video clips with English verbs as event descriptions .
0	This thesis presents novel contributions to knowledge through answering these research questions .
1	Recent research in the deep learning field has produced a plethora of new architectures .
0	These results show that an algorithm based on the estimation can be successful .
1	Natural language processing techniques are increasingly applied to identify social trends and predict behavior based on large text collections .
0	There are two aspects that contribute to this enhancement level .
1	The existing problems of CLIR are needed to be addressed in order to increase the performance of the CLIR system .
0	Hence condition ( i ) of Definition 88 is satisfied .
1	A totally semantic measure is presented which is able to calculate a similarity value between concept descriptions and also between concept description and individual or between individuals expressed in an expressive description logic .
0	These 45 natural language forecasts generated by our application were evaluated by a meteorologist who assessed their quality taking into account their most relevant aspects and dimensions of interest .
1	The sentiment of emojis is computed from the sentiment of tweets in which they occur .
0	This measures the movement of the pen with respect to its starting point and ending point and the length of the character .
1	However the concept of domain is complex and not bound to clear criteria .
0	The aspect of grammar that does not concern meaning directly is called syntax .
1	Semantic similarity measures are an important part in Natural Language Processing tasks .
0	Attaining good decisions requires predictions which are typically based on models of the environments .
1	The comparisons provide substantial evidence that the best option is the inclusion of both the LTL phase and the idiotypic system .
0	We perform sampling inference in the model using Gibbs sampling and MetropolisHastings steps within to approximate the posterior distribution over final plans .
1	We describe a method for removing the effect of confounders in order to reconstruct a latent quantity of interest .
0	To achieve this training set the corpus was split into the five CoD categories .
1	In this paper we show how to perform this in the context of structural kernels by using Gaussian Processes .
0	Improving the learning efficiency of the generator G with batch normalization and shortcut connection clearly helped improving the results on both datasets .
1	We propose a method to identify from the query logs of past users queries that either focus or shift the initial query topic .
0	The visualization abstraction represents an object abstraction before rendering it on the screen .
1	It is observed that system performance is boosted by genetic algorithm .
0	The existence of vague terms is not related at all to the factors of efficient communication we will present .
1	It outputs all the grammatical information of each word and its constituent .
0	Note that we do not use a beam for this analysis and therefore do not train the final perceptron layer .
1	Triggers are one of the database components which could be transformed to the ontology model and increase the amount of power and expressiveness of knowledge by presenting part of the knowledge dynamically
0	Cases in SCRDR are evaluated by passing a case to the root of the tree .
1	Many models in natural language processing define probabilistic distributions over linguistic structures .
0	Figure ( 1 ) represents the graphs we get from the rating matrix in Table ( 1 ) .
1	MFCC provides low word error rate and better feature extraction .
0	So the system merged the induced slots across all 2Two other templates have negligible counts and are ignored as in Chambers and Jurafsky ( 2011 ) .
1	These properties are compared to those obtained for a network built over the text in natural order .
0	The Lagrangian relaxation of Held and Karp has initially been defined for solving symmetric TSP .
1	Logical inference algorithms for conditional independence ( CI ) statements have important applications from testing consistency during knowledge elicitation to constraintbased structure learning of graphical models .
0	But sometimes the cardinality must be restricted without being precisely specified .
1	The crowdsourcer then collects and analyzes the results for inference and serving the purpose of the project .
0	We refer the reader to Jia and Liang ( 2016 ) for more details .
1	We found that the RNN that we developed based on Gated Recurrent Units provides the best performance for this task .
0	Let us now give the basic setup for the convex learning and optimization problems we consider in the second part of this dissertation .
1	One of the problems in the areas of information storage and retrieval is the lacking of semantic data .
0	Figures 2 and 3 depict the results for each experiment .
1	Multiple new features are tried to run the CRF and again tried with the Reduplicated Multiword Expression ( RMWE ) as another feature .
0	Figure1 : There are three phases in the implementation ; the document to be summarized is given to the tokenization process of first phase .
1	We consider the incorporation of causal knowledge about the presence or absence of ( possibly indirect ) causal relations into a causal model .
0	One of the reasons to process a morphology and syntax together in language processing is that a single word in a language is equivalent to combination of words in another .
1	And we describe the favorable points from this comparison and our finding .
0	This approach can take full advantage of the translation results of the current model .
1	Modeling HCV to identify the virus mutation process is essential to its detection and predicting its evolution .
0	We see that the normalization process employed by Layer Norm reduces the saturation effects compared to the vanilla LSTM .
1	Psychological and metaphysical research had proven that decision making by human is subjective .
0	I saw a sign that said Houses and turned right again .
1	The quality and quantity of articles in each Wikipedia language varies greatly .
0	Let a clustering be a set of synonymy relationships between pairs of strings such that the synonymy relationships obey the transitive closure property .
1	The missing information in the annotation is modeled using latent variables .
0	As the quality of the resulting completions improves so the estimated model also improves .
1	We compare our method to baseline weighting schemes and find that it outperforms them on multiple benchmarks .
0	Uniform parameters must be used consistently in every occurrence of the inductive type in the type of its constructors and not only in the occurrence at the end of the product spine ( i.e .
1	Input languages of answer set solvers are based on the mathematically simple concept of a stable model .
0	The dataset was aligned to an ontology designed to represent multilingual data from sources with a hierarchical structure .
1	For this end we include Explicit Semantic Analysis ( ESA ) in the experiments .
0	We refer to this network as the Citation Summary Network of an article .
1	Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient is used as one of the prominent feature extraction techniques in ASR .
0	This aligns with the intuition that addition should perform well when two paraphrastic phrases have high lexical overlap and similar length .
1	The design of MGU benefits from evaluation results on LSTM and GRU in the literature .
0	This is easily done by collecting their elements from their container as shown on Figure 8 at lines 7 to 11 .
1	The paper offers a mathematical formalization of the Turing test .
0	Section 7.7 shows experimental results from the implementation of these algorithms .
1	lower ] revised degrees of belief are uniquely characterized as the lowest [ resp .
0	Repeat 2 to 16 for every word ( wi ) are read from the test_file 2 .
1	This enables us to solve data sparseness problem and induce more effective latent features .
0	We may observe that for short descriptions MagiCoder results are very close to those from manual encoding .
1	In recent years there has been a growing interest in crowdsourcing methodologies to be used in experimental research for NLP tasks .
0	The prediction on a test point x is obtained as follows .
1	The ability to detect and track such the changing sets of frequent episodes can be valuable in many application scenarios .
0	Applying safe terms guarantees the order of policies according to the original problem reward does not change .
1	6714 tagged posts and several classifiers are used to verify the model .
0	The essence of ELM is that the parameters of the hidden nodes can be generated randomly without manually tuning [ 16 ] .
1	Tree transducers are formal automata that transform trees into other trees .
0	The English corpus used by language model is consisted by 251909 sentences .
1	The pancake puzzle is a classic optimization problem that has become a standard benchmark for heuristic search algorithms .
0	Criterion four : Coverage Density We want to estimate how an LLT term has been covered .
1	The traditional voice activity detection algorithms which track only energy can not successfully identify potential speech from input because the unwanted part of the speech also has some energy and appears to be speech .
0	The first one connects the projection operation of the valuation algebra with the extension sets by imposing that every extension set can be calculated in two steps .
1	The algorithm that is described in this paper relies entirely on statistical relationships between letters in the input stream to infer the locations of word boundaries .
0	It is a subset of the the WSJ1 5k development test set defined by first deleting sentences with out of vocabulary ( OOV ) words ( relative to the 5k closed vocabulary ) and then selecting every other sentence .
1	This paper proposes a text summarization approach for factual reports using a deep learning model .
0	ORCA is a control approach that continuously observes positions and velocities of other robots in a defined neighborhood .
1	We characterize the particularities of the domain and discuss common ITS design models .
0	We begin qualitatively with topic interpretability and then present quantitative results on the ability of POSLDA as a predictive language model .
1	Several efforts to predict student failure rate ( SFR ) at school accurately still remains a core problem area faced by many in the educational sector .
0	Let i be the index of the tasks we consider .
1	Hierarchical Task Network ( HTN ) planning is a popular approach that cuts down on the classical planning search space by relying on a given hierarchical library of domain control knowledge .
0	We also test the ability of the model to learn the hierarchical topology and state transitions .
1	Firstly profile hidden Markov model ( PHMM ) architecture was builder to select the sequences which represents sequence per year .
0	We then apply our covering heuristic to exploit determinism and obtain the bound hwb .
1	We show that the same idea can also be applied to Gibbs sampling in densely connected graphs .
0	Table 2 summarizes the main linguistic categories found in our dataset .
1	Using a counterexample it is demonstrated that the fuzzy forward recursion when discrete fuzzy sets are used to represent activity durations produces results that are not consistent with the theory presented .
0	It includes documents related to medical products and their translations into 22 official languages of the European Union .
1	In this paper we present an approach for estimating the quality of machine translation system .
0	TEI mechanisms ( such as pointing and specific elements ) have been inserted to ensure local interoperability across various annotation formats .
1	In a number of experiments on citation networks and on a knowledge graph dataset we demonstrate that our approach outperforms related methods by a significant margin .
0	What remains is to design the feature templates and construct a training corpus to learn the model parameters W .
1	This method is built on parallel corpora produced by machine translation .
0	Rule ( 23 ) indicates that the wguess can not be in a certain subset relation to the initial guess .
1	Our framework exploits a form of prior knowledge that relates the output spaces of these tasks .
0	A list of high potential English ambiguous words has been constructed in an Ambiguity Technical Report as a guideline to avoid ambiguous sentence [ 14 ] .
1	The classification of audio segments into domains allows the creation of domain specific acoustic models for automatic speech recognition .
0	This process is conducted by personifying the system as a child in a virtual social environment .
1	Network Intrusion Detection Systems ( NDIS ) monitor a network with the aim of discerning malicious from benign activity on that network .
0	Our word embeddings Ey are 512 dimensions and the hidden state h and memory cell c of the LSTM module also have 512 dimensions .
1	We also discuss some approximation techniques for securities that are not structure preserving .
0	The results for the individual number of predicates in the overall goal ( Figures 5.9 and 5.10 ) are much more surprising .
1	Theoretical and experimental results show that the discrete POMDP approximates the underlying BRL task well with guaranteed performance .
0	The following novel regret bound is key to proving that our algorithm achieves tight bounds over the regret ( to within logarithmic factors ) .
1	One of the important topics in this research area is the identification of opinion polarity .
0	If we search a solution in a predicative analysis framework the reasoning leads to a contradiction .
1	Nothing is assumed to be known a priori about the writing styles of potential authors .
0	Events in T can be thought of as representing macroscopic properties of the system being modeled .
1	The reasons behind the need for this distribution are various .
0	java.util.ArrayList getAllWordList ( ) Returns all of the words and phrases in a paragraph .
1	Previous works demonstrated that Automatic Text Summarization ( ATS ) by sentences extraction may be improved using sentence compression .
0	In principle the residual should correspond to noise and be completely uncorrelated .
1	The framework is knowledge rich approacher and compatible with any numerical vectors word representation .
0	One of the major Insight features is the capability to simulate exploits .
1	This paper is one of the first attempts where such information is incorporated into the search queries using Wikipedia semantics .
0	Nonfuzzy mappings exist when only location factors are pertinent to severity determination .
1	In this work we propose a simple unsupervised approach for next frame prediction in video .
0	They also provide a web service for automatically converting the IFC model into itsSemantic Web version.Beetz et al .
1	These decisions are also ensured to satisfy a property of respect for unanimity about any particular issue .
0	1 ) which combines the ideas presented in earlier sections .
1	The main problem in text categorization is how to improve the classification accuracy .
0	Many discrete submodular problems can be naturally generalized to the continuous setting with submodular continuous objectives .
1	We also show that our method consistently outperforms hidden conditional random fields ( HCRFs ; Quattoni et al .
0	The following query returns all word maps which have a tag NN and an index 0 .
1	To decompose any Bangla document we found out the edges of the input image .
0	We sampled a binarization of each image for each epoch .
1	This paper proposes a method for detecting the presence of spatial uncertainty in the text and dealing with spatial ambiguity using named entity extraction techniques coupled with self learning fuzzy logic techniques
0	Segment splitting is only used in the target languages but not in German .
1	We also provide a principled extension to infinite horizon Markov Decision Problems that explicitly accounts for an infinite horizon .
0	Corollary 1 requires the additional variable Y to be independent from both X1 : k and E. The assumption is rather strong .
1	Belief function theory provides a flexible way to combine information provided by different sources .
0	The distributional hypothesis mentioned earlier is generic enough to be the basis for both distributional similarity and distributional relatedness .
1	The problem of modeling and predicting spatiotemporal traffic phenomena over an urban road network is important to many traffic applications such as detecting and forecasting congestion hotspots .
0	We create O ( n ) triplets from a table column of size n. Adding each triplet to the Triplet Store using hashmap takes O ( 1 ) time .
1	These features are used for finding the likelihood of each of the sentences of the training data which are then further used for determining the scores of the test data .
0	Therefore we can always solve ( 6 ) to obtain the maximizers of ( 8 ) .
1	The parameters are viewed as random variables to quantify uncertainty about their values .
0	We carry out four sets of experiments as summarized in Table 2 .
1	Most of these measures are based on Euclidean space or on spatial network and some of them have been concerned with temporal aspect or ordering types .
0	It performed slightly better when only used Adjective and Adverbs .
1	Then the test opinions are compared to both models and a decision and confidence measure are calculated .
0	Oplax homomorphisms of weak representations preserve solutions for constraint networks .
1	The analysis shows that anonymity has no influence on the amount of invective items usage .
0	We only make use of relation paths with positive weights generated by PRA .
1	In this work we present an approach based on RNNs that is specifically designed for the clinical domain and that combines static and dynamic information in order to predict future events .
0	At the next level of attention we refine the description to add more detail .
1	Situation calculus has been applied widely in artificial intelligence to model and reason about actions and changes in dynamic systems .
0	Another important difference compared to common CNNs is the summation of the response maps for each filter .
1	Reinforcement learning is a formal framework for modeling agents that learn to solve tasks .
0	Here we assume that there exists a linear relation between the optimum topic number and n .
1	Knowledge can be generated when these meanings can recursively be communicated and therefore also further codified .
0	LPC is one of the most powerful speech analysis techniques and is a useful method for encoding quality speech at a low bit rate .
1	A simplified description of Fuzzy TOPSIS ( Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Situation ) is presented .
0	We also consider the Sugar language used by several solvers in our portfolio .
1	Term frequency normalization is a serious issue since lengths of documents are various .
0	Here we apply the general matching model introduced in previous sections to the task of learning to rank .
1	In this paper we introduce decision circuits as a means to exploit the local structure usually found in decision problems and to improve the performance of influence diagram analysis .
0	This procedure needs to use an inference algorithm to compute the parameters for each node .
1	We provide theoretical justifications on the optimal rate of convergence for parallelizing stochastic gradient descent .
0	This idealization is quite coherent with the level of theoretical abstraction we have chosen to discuss physical aspects of information .
1	We show that it greatly improves the average precision of the results over a wide range of system configurations and data preprocessing methods .
0	Focusing our metrics on impact will help motivate upstream restructuring of research efforts .
1	A computational implementation in MatlabTM is presented and made available at the URL
0	Note that this allows harnessing information from repeated signals without the need of operating retrospectively .
1	Association rules are among the most widely employed data analysis methods in the field of Data Mining .
0	This section provides a brief descriptive analysis of the data set used as well as the experimental results using different predictive models together with their model evaluations .
1	Our approach combines probabilistic generative modeling with logical plan validation used to compute a highly structured prior over possible plans .
0	Case 1 : p0 satisfies T2 and q0 satisfies T2 .
1	We implement and evaluate different unsupervised methods for learning event pairs that are likely to be contingent on one another .
0	Note that the latter performs as well as the former .
1	We therefore propose several heuristic measures to improve its performance in practice .
0	Our estimate of the number of units and parameters needed for a deep network to approximate compositional functions with an error G allow the use of one of several available bounds for the generalization error of the network to derive sample complexity bounds .
1	Two approaches to enforcing acyclicity are considered : either by encoding the ancestor relation or by attaching a total order to each graph and encoding that .
0	The set of these analogies is closed under the permutations described in ( 2 ) .
1	Inference algorithms designed over CRFs and HMMs allow estimation of the state sequence given the observations .
0	The goal is to analyse the consistency of the measure set .
1	But the second method is limited either to special type of scenes or to restricted camera motion .
0	At the core of incremental expansion lies the following lemma : Lemma 3 .
1	We introduce a novel family of adaptive filtering algorithms based on a relative logarithmic cost .
0	The concept discussed by these authors is considered in this research work during cluster detection phases after cluster formation to detect the quality of cluster by means of attribute selection from the given database .
1	Thorough evaluation has been performed and has shown that the approach yields good results .
0	A troubling implication is that programs with low probability under the current policy are likely to be overlooked by exploration .
1	A recognition network is a multilayerperception ( MLP ) trained to predict posterior marginals given observedevidence in a particular BN .
0	One important question that for future work on this subject is how to deal with incomplete knowledge of the target network ( actually we deal with that issue in Chapters 7 and 8 ) .
1	Inferring probabilistic networks from data is a notoriously difficult task .
0	is a numeric conversion function that returns a floating point number constructed from the string of its input .
1	Two different designs have been created to support both manual and automated transcripts .
0	Language models The first result consists of the language models induced by the system .
1	Distant supervision is a widely applied approach to automatic training of relation extraction systems and has the advantage that it can generate large amounts of labelled data with minimal effort .
0	The head of the hyperarc is the result of the action .
1	We have identified a number of skills ( competencies ) required for this difficult task and key problems that authors face .
0	The main branches are : The verbal noun : Each verb has at least a verbal noun which expresses the same semantics of the verb .
1	Learning concept based queries using an intelligent evolutionary procedure yields significant improvement in performance which is shown through an extensive study using Reuters newswire documents .
0	13 ) Our Model with Experts : Our model is trained only using trajectory demonstrations from an expert which were collected for evaluation purposes .
1	Proposed method is tested on a ten class recognition memory experiment with nine subjects .
0	2009 ) could produce the final plan with global sequencing .
1	Each user will fall into the same cluster with another user if their event history are similar .
0	In the second part of the dissertation especially in Chapter ? ?
1	The ability to comprehend wishes or desires and their fulfillment is important to Natural Language Understanding .
0	For simplicity we do not label the operators with agents .
1	This extends the dynamic entity representation used in Kobayashi et al .
0	The authors train the model that captures the spatial arrangements of various object classes in the image by considering which spatial layouts of objects to suppress and which spatial layouts of objects to favor .
1	Hidden Markov models ( HMMs ) and conditional random fields ( CRFs ) are two popular techniques for modeling sequential data .
0	The reason for this difference can be explained through the different nature of the policy updates of these algorithms .
1	In this paper we introduce a class of Markov decision processes that arise as a natural model for many renewable resource allocation problems .
0	There are 18 groups that have been created for Sindhi language .
1	The recent progress on image recognition and language modeling is making automatic description of image content a reality .
0	Another important fact to consider is that all competing methods actually use ImageNet images when training .
1	This perfection test is performed efficiently using a polynomial time algorithm .
0	We show that an equilibrium is uniquely defined by a set of meeting locations ( LL and RR in the example above ) to be the action profile in which each type of each player chooses his optimal location in the set .
1	Experiments on two conference data sets examine the performance of several learning methods as well as the effectiveness of the matching formulations .
0	The generative distribution over z is given by Formula 9 .
1	People regularly make judgments about where coherent segments can be extracted from oral histories .
0	1 shows the theoretical and actual error of 1000 sequential tests for the logistic regression model described in Section 6.1 .
1	The main goal of gesture recognition is to create a system which can recognize specific human gestures and use them to convey information or for device control .
0	The problem of cooperation is the way we assign rewards .
1	We evaluated the proposed model on a 20 Question Game conversational game simulator .
0	When confronted with strategy issues in an unknown field humans usually learn by trial and error .
1	Our interest lies in applying the algorithm to financial time series data to identify unknown patterns that exist .
0	This is necessary for models that only become identifiable by the observed moments after constraints are taken into account .
1	We also draw connections to existing architectures such as LSTMs .
0	The dynamic generation of the solution guarantees that the hint will be tailored to the specific situation in which the student got stuck .
1	We suggest to ask humans to provide a list of commonalities and differences instead of numerical similarity scores and employ the structure of human judgements beyond pairwise similarity .
0	More closely related are a small number of papers with the explicit aim of learning equivariant representations .
1	Simulations show an important result : addition of only new transmission lines is not sufficient to minimize EDNS .
0	Our system achieved 3We will make the parameter settings used in all experiments publicly available .
1	We conduct experiments with real world blurred facial images and report that our method returns a result close to the sharp natural latent image .
0	An impression of the syntactic coverage of the GF Resource Grammar Library can be obtained from its API documentation4 .
1	Deep neural networks have recently been shown to lack robustness against adversarially crafted inputs .
0	It is possible to define a partition of contiguous ranges depending upon the two first ranges and containing almost the same number of contexts .
1	The embodied cognition and social interaction of participants gradually change a symbol system in a constructive manner .
0	In Section I we explain how to compute the minimum energy configuration of this system quickly .
1	Decision theory does not traditionally include uncertainty over utility functions .
0	Most of these errors are because node of one class is connected to the labelled node of some other class .
1	Each time the human is surprised the agent is provided a demonstration of the desired behavior by the human .
0	But one can immediately notice that this fixed payment mechanism would not be truthful .
1	Image classifiers are algorithms used to extract land cover information from satellite imagery .
0	This style is used along with Direct or Indirect flaming .
1	Dividing oral histories into topically coherent segments can make them more accessible online .
0	This is remarkable because for grids this entails discarding a constant fraction of the pairwise measurements .
1	The traditional method of generating these inflectional forms is rather elaborate owing to the fact that there are differences in the forms generated between even very similar words and there are subtle nuances involved .
0	5 : Determine a subset of neurons close to the winner .
1	Such structures can be formalized by the notion of a frame ( a.k.a .
0	All our architectures fall within the neural network embedding based approach .
1	Access to electronic health records ( EHR ) data has motivated computational advances in medical research .
0	There can be two kinds of sentiment classifications in this area : contextual sentiment analysis and general sentiment analysis .
1	Here we address this phenomenon in the context of Twitter conversations .
0	The inverse of the minimum similarity to the nearest neighbour equates to the degree of novelty .
1	We discuss models and ideas for detecting different types of semantic incomprehension and choosing the interpretation that makes most sense in a given context .
0	We did not apply this filtering for bigrams and trigrams to capture longerrange usage patterns such as propositional phrases .
1	This complementarity opens an interesting perspective regarding the combination of these individual tools in order to improve performance .
0	This assumes that infinite number of prototypes for each word may exist .
1	Text genre also influences the resulting entropy and diversity of the text .
0	We report the experiments for the NIST condition in Table 4 .
1	We propose a new benchmark corpus to be used for measuring progress in statistical language modeling .
0	It is important to keep track of the hidden state activations hlT at the last time step in the previous batch and copy them into the vectors hl0 in the next batch .
1	The secondapproach belongs to the class of Markov Chain Monte Carlo ( MCMC ) algorithms .
0	The wheels are disposed in tricycle configuration with two driven wheels and one passive castor wheel .
1	We show the use of the tools developed for key phrase extraction and classification in the database zbMATH .
0	We go through all four types of constraints in turn .
1	A global framework for the generation of realistic routing strategies between any two points is described .
0	It is simply safe if it is safe but not strongly safe .
1	Current distributed representations of words show little resemblance to theories of lexical semantics .
0	We believe this is because the dataset is too varied to allow the classifier to learn what an entailing RHS looks like .
1	The basic idea is quite simple but critical that the training procedure of MERT should be based on a coordinate system formed by search directions but not directly on feature functions .
0	The proposed ensemble learning is termed pAUCEnsT ( pAUC ENSemble learning with a Tight bound ) .
1	We also rank them according to a predicted influence level .
0	We can just compute this in O ( M ) without the need for recurrences .
1	This observation suggests that interaction can not be easily distributed when one hopes to harness multiple human experts to develop a quality computer player .
0	We obtain 28 parallel bilingual corpora by considering all pairings of the eight languages .
1	We use generated frames as input to a classifier trained with ground truth sequences .
0	We can totally match 9 positive pairs from this subject .
1	We have also proposed a support vector machine for IDS to detect Smurf attack with much reliable accuracy .
0	A.1 Proof of the Second Part of Theorem 1 We provide here a full proof of the second part of Theorem 1 .
1	We introduce a novel model that jointly learns word vector representations and their summation .
0	Triples In the previous chapter we built an NLP knowledge base .
1	Automatic synonym extractor is highly preferred for large scale applications .
0	We use the factoid QA datasets from [ 7 ] for evaluation2 .
1	The main goal of the project is the development of a multilingual lexical system targeted for Khmer .
0	2007 ) includes a DL of 6 words and this is widely accepted as a good baseline setting for many language pairs .
1	The extractor is supplied with linguistic knowledge to enhance its efficiency instead of relying only on statistical information such as term frequency and distance .
0	Elfardy andDiab [ 72 ] presented guidelines to annotate texts written in dialectal variants of Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic on a word level .
1	This type of convergence is needed for reasoning about security protocols .
0	Source decoding sequence models predict which input word9 is likely to be translated at a given state of decoding .
1	This study describes the experimental application of Machine Learning techniques to build prediction models that can assess the injury risk associated with traffic accidents .
0	Such a teaching strategy for the domain of mathematical proofs has been developed and automated by Tsovaltzi [ 68 ] and provides the background for our work .
1	This enables a dramatic speedup in inference and learning time .
0	The functions play the same role as features in machine learning .
1	Segmentation of words into individual letters has been one of the major problems in handwriting recognition .
0	Multiple shared variables The proportion of pairs of constraints that share more than one variable .
1	The proposed metrics are soundly grounded on the principles of handwriting production and handwriting analysis .
0	McAllester ( 1999 ) additionally showed that this representation facilitates reasoning about asymptotic complexity .
1	Formulating the MAP inference problem as a linear program allows additional ( global ) constraints to be defined ; something not possible with message passing algorithms .
0	Our teaching process requires a known feature space for image dataset X ( i.e .
1	Our model explains how a learner can successfully learn from or even surpass its imperfect source without possessing any additional biases or constraints about the types of patterns that exist in the language .
0	Data are split and the parser is trained and the test set is parsed .
1	The learners perform learning with local parameters while periodically communicating with a small subset of neighbors to exchange information .
0	As language models can very easy capture the structure ( grammar ) of the language .
1	Logs of the interactions with a search engine show that users often reformulate their queries .
0	Note that the restriction to finite programs also applies to the programs considered to be potentially added .
1	Our approach is efficient as long as the comparison class is polynomial and we can compute expectations over sample paths for each policy .
0	if I is the answer set of the reduct P I .
1	The results of the study suggest that all four dimensions can be used as linguistic markers of all personality traits by both language communities .
0	These models 4We also tried multiplication but this gave very poor results .
1	These positions are expected rather than observed and therefore one can communicate meaning .
0	We extracted the data using two OmegaWiki sources : bilingual dictionaries and an SQL database dump .
1	DYNASTY uses an equivalence class approach to provide decision thresholds for the sensitivity analysis .
0	We use these examples to demonstrate the concepts in later sections .
1	We analyse several reinforcement algorithms in several contexts of cooperation and competition .
0	The probabilities in a LM are estimated counting sequences from a corpus .
1	The Swiss avalanche bulletin is produced twice a day in four languages .
0	1The use of video data is subject to future work .
1	Wikipedia is used as the main external resource for our system .
0	The extracted signal features based on energy level and zero crossing rate from the audio signal are then compared to a threshold and then VAD decision is computed .
1	Previous work relying on fixed location databases is unable to fully exploit the knowledge of user mobility patterns in the system so as to achieve this minimization .
0	This suggests that parsing using a constituency representation is more suitable for English than for languages with relatively free word order such as Arabic .
1	In this we proposed an approach as processing input dataset to increase accuracy rate of each feature extraction methods .
0	We first start with a brief introduction to multilingual communication from a sociolinguistic point of view .
1	The program uses one of two possible methods to analyze given sentences based on either sentence patterns or surrounding words .
0	Figure 1 ( b ) shows the derivation of the running example using the new parsing algorithm .
1	Recent researches shown that adding linguistic information helps to improve the accuracy of the translation with less amount of bilingual corpora .
0	He used statistical parser to analyze and generate ranks for several MT outputs .
1	Most NLG systems in common use employ rules and heuristics and tend to generate rigid and stylised responses without the natural variation of human language .
0	This approach adds the target label to the attribute space and treats the actionable attribute as a label ( i.e .
1	Critically ill patients in regular wards are vulnerable to unanticipated adverse events which require prompt transfer to the intensive care unit ( ICU ) .
0	Illustrations are provided in Figure 1 and Figure 33 ( a concrete 3D case ) .
1	Low quality in training data often derives from the fact that the person who has annotated the data is different from the one against whose judgment the automatically annotated data must be evaluated .
0	This is achieved by mapping context trees into a vector space and designing a norm on this space which discounts long histories .
1	The Opinum approach is based on the order of the words without using any syntactic and semantic information .
0	Note that cases 1 and 2 can not be distinguished in DRAf .
1	How detailed should we make the goals we prescribe to AI agents acting on our behalf in complex environments ?
0	There is however no straightforward way of detecting siblings in unlabeled data .
1	The communication of potential students with a university department is performed manually and it is a very time consuming procedure .
0	Ontology is generally used for reasoning about objects in the relevant field modeled after a certain body of knowledge within the field .
1	Feasible learning rules must rely solely on synaptically local information in order to be implemented on spatially distributed neurons .
0	In this final part of the process we eliminate the symbol ( j ) depending on the accent .
1	This paper introduces and studies a declarative framework for updating views over indefinite databases .
0	It is up to the mediator to pick a correlated strategy that a rational agent would be willing to follow .
1	Novel research in the field of Linked Data focuses on the problem of entity summarization .
0	The updating process of a given application can then be viewed as a Markov chain as illustrated in Fig .
1	We also apply some preprocessing task on the Persian dataset which yields to increase for about one point in terms of BLEU score .
0	( 11 ) SE looks very similar to our proposed knowledge model .
1	We propose a novel hierarchical model for structured prediction over sequences and trees which exploits global context by conditioning each generation decision on an unbounded context of prior decisions .
0	Recall that a DCS tree with only join relations is a DRS without nested DRSes .
1	Arabic Documents Clustering is an important task for obtaining good results with the traditional Information Retrieval ( IR ) systems especially with the rapid growth of the number of online documents present in Arabic language .
0	Syntax is a theory of sentence structure and it guides reordering when translations between a language pair contain disparate sentence structure .
1	We present here a new version of the linked open data resource ConceptNet that is particularly well suited to be used with modern NLP techniques such as word embeddings .
0	The approach builds on the wikification technique proposed by Milne et al .
1	This contribution presents a theoretical foundation of graph quantization ( GQ ) that extends VQ to the domain of attributed graphs .
0	Two of the remaining four are in negated phrases and not used to link an interval pair .
1	The usage of these algorithms is limited to networks on at most around 25 nodes mainly due to the space requirement .
0	Qualitative results of our method and the supervised learning ( SL ) baseline .
1	We introduce a model for constructing vector representations of words by composing characters using bidirectional LSTMs .
0	Each SAT instance is characterized by a set of its features ( most of them are purely syntactic and extracted from the CNF representation ) .
1	There is a vast supply of prior art that study models for mental processes .
0	SpeedRead takes advantage of the previous observations and tries to distinguish between ambiguous and certain words .
1	Identifying and controlling bias is a key problem in empirical sciences .
0	A detailed description of the BMCP algorithm is provided in Algorithm 1 .
1	It has been accepted and used extensively by computational linguists ever since it was released .
0	We will discuss our findings regarding the neighborhood formation in section 5.1 .
1	This paper presents the Frames dataset ( Frames is available at
0	Both the training and the testing data set were random sampled from the original data set .
1	Our compression system first automatically derives the syntactic structure of each sentence and the overall discourse structure of the text given as input .
0	The particulars of this corpus were driven by the desire to ground the semantics of 48 specific English verbs .
1	I will discuss this problem from the standpoint of physics .
0	This is convenient since it associates the private information directly with payoff conditional on winning .
1	The vertices of this polytope are the extreme coherent lower previsions for the given set of gambles .
0	One of the criteria we have followed is that the rules should be tuned to favour the most common words .
1	The formula clarifies the relation between the local stability of a fixed point of LBP and local minima of the Bethe free energy .
0	There are a number of rounds in which a human judge is communicating with a chatbot and with a human that use a computer interface .
1	The aim of such a framework is to make existing Amharic linguistic data consistent and interoperable among researchers .
0	In this section we will discuss some of the remaining variants of the voting game synthesis problem that we did not discuss in the other sections .
1	Intrinsically motivated agents can explore new behavior for its own sake rather than to directly solve problems .
0	Call Cm ( Bn ) the set of all continuous functions with continuous derivative up to degree m defined on the unit ball .
1	Unexpected disruptive events interrupting the normal operation of assets in distribution grids can eventually lead to permanent failure with expensive replacement cost over time .
0	We observe a strong trend : the agent often gets close to the goal and fails to stop .
1	We also create a functional annotated tagged corpus for Myanmar and propose the grammar rules for Myanmar sentences .
0	This implies that a publication can be a member of more than one class .
1	Many classification algorithms produce confidence measures in the form of conditional probability of labels given the features of the target instance .
0	Information colour : The colour of the question and the answer must be different in the chatbot text area .
1	It also provides a temporal shortcut path to avoid vanishing or exploding gradients in the temporal domain .
0	Section 3 shows that two recent fair allocation rules from the kidney exchange literature ( Dickerson et al .
1	Normative practical reasoning supports agents making decisions about what is best for them to ( not ) do in a given situation .
0	We run BayesNet with the SimpleEstimator and K2 search algorithm without using ADTree .
1	Generating and storing morphological forms along with the corresponding morphological information allows for efficient and simple look up by the analyzer .
0	5 ( b ) shows WERs for the number of adaptation iterations .
1	The model proposed in this paper paper jointly optimizes word vectors and the POS relevance matrices .
0	Our goal is to build an algorithm that allows a robot to infer a manipulation trajectory when it is introduced to a new object or appliance and its natural language instruction manual .
1	Tests with random samples show that the displayed definitions provide a good match with the actual meaning of the identifiers .
0	The output of skin detection is a gray scale skin map with the gray levels being proportional to the skin probabilities .
1	We introduce sound and complete procedures which are able to incorporate causal prior knowledge in such models .
0	The detailed process of the function is presented as follows .
1	We illustrate the potential of exploiting internal symmetries on two benchmark domains : Van der Waerden numbers and graceful graphs .
0	6.2 we can see the sequence of events which occurs when an attacker launches a remote exploit against a simulated machine .
1	Our algorithm uses bounds derived from analysis of coarse timescales to prune large parts of the state trellis at finer timescales .
0	We use this concept to identify features in our data set that carry a large amount of information with regard to our target classes .
1	There are systems developed for continuous speech recognition in English and in few Indian languages like Hindi and Tamil .
0	Causality Extraction Experiment The first step in building a training set consists of using causality patterns to extract pairs of sentences for which the causality relation holds .
1	The Odd Gabor filter gives an efficient output and is robust and scalable as compared with the existing techniques as it detects the fine fiber like veins present in leaves much more efficiently .
0	This formulation has the advantage that we can lexically control the application of the rule ( the current form of these rules is at least partially motivated from the point of view of facilitating automated deduction for the system ) .
1	We validate our methodology by testing over the TIMIT database for different music playback levels and noise types .
0	This can be seen from the top left plot in Figure 2 .
1	We illustrate its usefulness and immediate application on several examples and present some formal results .
0	We also report the results of random guessing ( RG ) and the performance of the average college applicant ( H ) .
1	Such learning from positive evidence has been viewed as raising logical problems for language acquisition .
0	The accumulation scheme ( e ) diverges far apart from the optimal solution .
1	We present a method for using standard techniques from satisfiability checking to automatically verify and discover theorems in an area of economic theory known as ranking sets of objects .
0	We use RV ( X ) to enumerate the random variables in the relational atom X .
1	Suppose we want to build a system that answers a natural language question by representing its semantics as a logical form and computing the answer given a structured database of facts .
0	The satisfaction relation between an interpretation and a formula is defined in a natural way .
1	At present many universities are developing the dialogue system in their regional language .
0	( 2015 ) ( the same dimensionality as in the original paper ) using the same data and setup as Gouws et al .
1	Hand gestures provide a separate complementary modality to speech for expressing ones ideas .
0	5 The longest path problem is commonly defined on graphs with weighted edges instead of vertices .
1	Our aim is to develop a modular platform which allows to easily conduct experiments by replacing the modules or adding new features .
0	For simplicity only the word2vec CBOW word embedding with a single set of hyperparameters is considered .
1	In particular we propose a declarative service specification language and a calculus for service composition .
0	The smaller peaks of two instances new with and large with should indicate second local optima or plateau .
1	The similarity between trajectory patterns in clustering has played an important role in discovering movement behaviour of different groups of mobile objects .
0	This will be further processed in the adaptive layer described in the next section to extract meaning from those sentences .
1	The goal of the second player is to maximize this damage .
0	This metric has shown improvements compared to the BLEU metric .
1	Summarization is one of the key features of human intelligence .
0	The statistics of the test corpus is shown in table II .
1	Theoretical motivations and algorithms for joint learning for each are presented .
0	Combining answer set programming with description logics for the semantic web .
1	Splash consists of a programming interface and an execution engine .
0	Some of these methods have already been discussed in earlier sections .
1	We also found that performance improves steadily as the number of available languages increases .
0	This simulates the practice of ignoring the noise in x ( 2 ) and pretending it is precise .
1	The algorithm is based on linguistic constraints and preferences and uses an anaphoric accessibility space within which the algorithm finds the noun phrase .
0	Note that the combinations in the list are not the only combinations tried but are some of the best combinations .
1	Here we introduce a mean field variational approximation in which we use a product of inhomogeneous Markov processes to approximate a distribution over trajectories .
0	This chapter is based on work first published in : Karl Moritz Hermann and Phil Blunsom .
1	The first part of the article describes the problems that system poses today and what actions will be taken to solve them in the future .
0	Modal specifications are deterministic automata equipped with transitions of two types : may and must .
1	We believe that our method sheds new insights on how to make deep CNNs to be applicable on mobile or embedded devices .
0	Figure 3 shows a part of the pruned decision circuit for this influence diagram and the asymmetry that results from pruning is apparent .
1	An association rule is a form of partial implication between two sets of binary variables .
0	It provides easy construction of control flow graphs of program functions and of entire programs .
1	The edges in the network represent direct influences among components .
0	This observation is interesting since it indicates that the agent is learning a representation based on the game dynamics and not only from the pixels .
1	The technology of automatic document summarization is maturing and may provide a solution to the information overload problem .
0	In this thesis we focus on semantic composition on the basis of distributed representations .
1	We evaluate its performance using incremental metrics and propose new repair processing evaluation standards .
0	We start with one of the simplest possible scenarios : elections in which each vote is equally likely .
1	The result of this study is a list of 120 potential ambiguous Malay words that could act as guidelines in writing Malay sentences
0	The related concepts of our metamodel are detailed in Figure 5 .
1	We investigate the use of eligibility traces in combination with recurrent networks in the Atari domain .
0	Solving the compact game with SparringFPL Our first algorithm to solve Eq .
1	The change wrought by these possible conjunctions can be so significant in Sanskrit that a simple search for the word in its given form alone can significantly reduce the success level of the search .
0	Moreover the user has the option to submit a feedback message .
1	Syllable network is a network in which nodes are syllables and links between them are constructed according to their connections within words .
0	What is more by lemmatizing PL we lost much significant information .
1	The ability to mimic human notions of semantic distance has widespread applications .
0	This program introduces a platform for executing attack experiments and tools for constructing these attacks .
1	It permits to compare these techniques and have a synthetic organized view of what can or should be done for knowledge sharing purposes .
0	It occurred to me I have to capture this information .
1	It will turn out that the straightforward application of treewidth to such class of programs does not suffice to obtain tractability .
0	The learning objective above encourages the cooperation of both networks such that the coupling of both sides yield the highest accuracy .
1	The search for patterns or motifs in data represents a problem area of key interest to finance and economic researchers .
0	This is our first attempt at a fully integrated SRL system .
1	We present a technique for automatically extracting mutual exclusion invariants from temporal planning instances .
0	Most of these concepts are specializations of other concepts of the generic ontology .
1	We demonstrate its efficacy and scalability on a challenging helicopter domain from the literature .
0	It should be possible to develop very accurate applications to mimic worm behavior using the Insight C programming API .
1	These preliminary results show that the Russian obscene lexis on the Internet does not have direct dependence on the emotional state of aggression .
0	The most common and simplest approximate algorithm for solving bilinear programs is algorithm 2 .
1	We show that this combination of simple techniques provides better responses to highly dynamic environments than the RRT extensions .
0	We use these three fixed adjectives as reference points to predict the polarity of other adjectives .
1	We conducted experiments and verified that this new architecture of LSTMs is able to improve machine translation and language modeling performances .
0	We will now consider a variety of possible definitions and evaluate them with respect to the above criteria .
1	The paper also proposes a methodology for generating a stopword list from the prepared corpora .
0	The purpose of this section is to restate the main result of their analysis in the context of our work .
1	We present four methods for recovering the epipolar geometry from images of smooth surfaces .
0	Each LSTM state used in the language model sequence si is set to 150 for both states and cell memories .
1	We need to search the information will specialize tools known generically search engine .
0	According to that we can not compare a specialized corpus with another of the same field .
1	Nonfiction and Fiction writing were clearly differentiable from our analysis with Twitter and Chat being much more similar to Fiction than Nonfiction writing .
0	( 4 ) into ( 8 ) leads to a lossaugmented decoding that is a LP over the set Y ( X ) and that can therefore be solved using the dynamic time warping algorithm .
1	We evaluate the effectiveness of our method on text categorization and on computing the degree of semantic relatedness between fragments of natural language text .
0	The framework is similar to those presented in [ 23 ] and [ 14 ] .
1	That information is composed of opinions and comments that may reflect trends in social behavior .
0	This is partly because computation of WPall in bigger author sets is very expensive .
1	The method is implemented in the Prolog programming language and tested for a specific simulated scenario .