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[
    {
        "question": "Celula :",
        "question_number": "1",
        "options": [
            "A. este principalul organit celular",
            "B. animal \u0103 con \u0163ine cloroplaste",
            "C. func \u0163ioneaz \u0103 ca un sistem biologic \u00eenchis",
            "D. reprezint \u0103 unitatea morfologic \u0103, func \u0163ionala \u015fi genetic \u0103 a materiei vii"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Citoplasma :",
        "question_number": "2",
        "options": [
            "A. ocup \u0103 spa \u0163iul dintre membrana celular \u0103 \u015fi nucleu",
            "B. umple veziculele aparatului Golgi",
            "C. se deplaseaz \u0103 dinspre reticulul endoplasmatic spre aparatul Golgi",
            "D. \u00een afara ei sunt situate organitele celulare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana celular \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "3",
        "options": [
            "A. cuprinde dou \u0103 straturi de fosfolipide \u00een care sunt inclavate din loc \u00een loc proteine",
            "B. con \u0163ine un strat extern fosfolipidic \u015fi unul intern proteic",
            "C. are fosfolipide situate ordonat \u00eentre cele dou \u0103 straturi proteice",
            "D. are permeabilitate pentru oricare substan \u0163\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Referitor la lizozomi :",
        "question_number": "4",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt delimita \u0163i de o dubl \u0103 membran \u0103",
            "B. asigur \u0103 respira \u0163ia celular \u0103",
            "C. se divit meiotic",
            "D. con \u0163in enzime hidrolitice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celula procariot \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "5",
        "options": [
            "A. are nucleu",
            "B. are perete celular rigid",
            "C. este lipsit \u0103 de membrana celular \u0103",
            "D. se grupeaz \u0103 form\u00e2nd \u0163esuturi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleul :",
        "question_number": "6",
        "options": [
            "A. prezint \u0103 substan \u0163\u0103 fundamental \u0103 numit \u0103 matrice;",
            "B. con \u0163ine mai pu \u0163in de 90 % din cantitatea de acizi nucleici din celul \u0103;",
            "C. poart \u0103 informa \u0163ia genetic \u0103 pentru sinteza proteinelor;",
            "D. se \u00eent\u00e2lne \u015fte \u00een majoritatea celulelor \u015fi este situat de obicei, periferic;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular :",
        "question_number": "7",
        "options": [
            "A. este un constituent comun tuturor celulelor;",
            "B. la ciuperci este format din suberin \u0103;",
            "C. se formeaz \u0103 cu participararea membranei plasmatice;",
            "D. la bacterii este format predominant din celuloz \u0103 \u015fi hemiceluloz \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ribozomii :",
        "question_number": "8",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt constituen \u0163i celulari protoplasmatici;",
            "B. con \u0163in ADN, lipide \u015fi unele metale;",
            "C. m \u0103resc suprafa \u0163a de reac \u0163ie a membranei celulare;",
            "D. au form \u0103 de discuri suprapuse cu micro- \u015fi macrovezicule;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Leucoplastele  :",
        "question_number": "9",
        "options": [
            "A. con \u0163in clorofil \u0103 \u015fi au rol \u00een fotosintez \u0103;",
            "B. con \u0163in pigmen \u0163i galbeni, portocalii \u015fi ro\u015fii;",
            "C. sunt incolore \u015fi au rol \u00een sinteza \u015fi depozitarea unor substan \u0163e;",
            "D. sunt prezente \u015fi \u00een celulele animale;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Centrul celular :",
        "question_number": "10",
        "options": [
            "A. apar \u0163ine exclusiv celulelor vegetale;",
            "B. particip \u0103 la formarea fusului de diviziune;",
            "C. se \u00eent\u00e2lne \u015fte numai la celulele animale;",
            "D. \u00een alc \u0103tuirea lui apar 3-4 corpusculi numi \u0163i centrioli;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondria :",
        "question_number": "11",
        "options": [
            "A. asigur \u0103 func \u0163ia de digestie celular \u0103",
            "B. particip \u0103 la formarea fusului de diviziune",
            "C. capteaz \u0103 energie solar \u0103",
            "D. are rol \u00een respira \u0163ia celular \u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cloroplastul :",
        "question_number": "12",
        "options": [
            "A. sintetizeaz \u0103 A.T.P.",
            "B. este prezent \u00een celula vegetal \u0103",
            "C. con \u0163ine enzime cu rol digestiv",
            "D. asigur \u0103 transformarea energiei chimice \u00een energie luminoas \u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Descoper \u0103 enun \u0163ul incorect referitor la celula vegetal \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "13",
        "options": [
            "A. are perete celular",
            "B. are nucleoid",
            "C. are plastide",
            "D. are ribozomi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Descoper \u0103 enun \u0163ul incorect referitor la vacuol \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "14",
        "options": [
            "A. vacuolele celulelor vegetale sunt mari",
            "B. celulele tinere au numeroase vacuole",
            "C. provine din reticulul endoplasmatic",
            "D. celulele b \u0103tr\u00e2ne au o vacuol \u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Profaza mitozei :",
        "question_number": "15",
        "options": [
            "A. este mai lung \u0103 dec\u00e2t profaza meiozei;",
            "B. cromozomii monocromatidici se fixeaz \u0103 pe filamentele fusului de  diviziune cu ajutorul centromerului;",
            "C. dispar membrana nuclear \u0103 \u015fi nucleolii;",
            "D. dispare fusul nuclear;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege \u0163i enun \u0163ul incorect referitor la meioz \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "16",
        "options": [
            "A. \u00een metafaza I cromozomii sunt tetracromatidici",
            "B. \u00een telofaza I cromozomii bicromatidici migreaz \u0103 spre polii celulei",
            "C. \u00een profaza II se formeaz \u0103 tetradele",
            "D. la finalul telofazei II se formeaz \u0103 4 celule haploide"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii :",
        "question_number": "17",
        "options": [
            "A. materni \u015fi paterni au aceea \u015fi origine",
            "B. omologi din fiecare pereche, se separ \u0103 \u00eentre ei \u00een meioz \u0103",
            "C. paterni sunt dominan \u0163i \u00een raport cu cromozomii materni",
            "D. autozomi sunt numi \u0163i cromozomii sexului"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Fusul de diviziune :",
        "question_number": "18",
        "options": [
            "A. asigur \u0103 formarea peretelui desp \u0103r\u0163itor care va separa celula-mam \u0103 \u00een cele dou \u0103 celule- fiice;",
            "B. se formeaz \u0103 prin condensarea \u015fi fragmentarea cromatinei;",
            "C. se formeaz \u0103 \u00een profaza diviziunii celulare directe;",
            "D. se formeaz \u0103 numai \u00een timpul diviziunii nucleului, \u00een profaz \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleul :",
        "question_number": "19",
        "options": [
            "A. prezint \u0103 o membran \u0103 dubl \u0103, iar cea intern \u0103 este cutat \u0103;",
            "B. este alc \u0103tuit din substan \u0163\u0103 fundamental \u0103 numit \u0103 strom \u0103;",
            "C. con \u0163ine fibre de cromatin \u0103 alc \u0103tuite chimic din ADN, ARN \u015fi proteine;",
            "D. este globulos sau aproape sferic, c\u00e2nd are pozi \u0163ie parietal \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen interfaz \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "20",
        "options": [
            "A. se dezorganizeaz \u0103 nucleolul \u015fi inveli \u015ful nuclear;",
            "B. activitatea metabolic \u0103 a celulei este intens \u0103;",
            "C. organitele celulare se dispun la polii celulei;",
            "D. num \u0103rul de cromozomi este mare datorit \u0103 sintezei de ADN;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege \u0163i afirma \u0163ia incorect \u0103 referitoare la nucleu :",
        "question_number": "21",
        "options": [
            "A. con \u0163ine acizi nucleici \u015fi proteine",
            "B. particip \u0103 la procesul reproducerii celulare",
            "C. este delimitat de o membran \u0103 simpl \u0103, prevazut \u0103 cu pori",
            "D. con \u0163ine 1-2 nucleoli"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege \u0163i enun \u0163ul incorect referitor la cromozomi :",
        "question_number": "22",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt structuri permanente ale celulei",
            "B. se autoreproduc",
            "C. cei omologi au origine diferit \u0103",
            "D. particip \u0103 la procesul de respira \u0163ie celular \u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii afla \u0163i \u00een mitoz \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "23",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt monocromatidici \u00een profaz \u0103",
            "B. sunt invizibili \u00een timpul metafazei",
            "C. sunt monocromatidici \u00een anafaz \u0103",
            "D. sunt lipsi \u0163i de centromer \u00een metafaz \u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Despre meioz \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "24",
        "options": [
            "A. \u00een anafaza I cromozomii omologi din tetrad \u0103 sunt separa \u0163i",
            "B. \u00een telofaza I cromozomii sunt monocromatidici",
            "C. \u00een telofaza II cromozomii omologi fac schimb de segmente de A.",
            "D.N. D. tetradele se formeaz \u0103 \u00een profaza II"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Despre diviziunea celular \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "25",
        "options": [
            "A. zigotul este o celul \u0103 haploid \u0103",
            "B. game \u0163ii rezult \u0103 \u00een urma diviziunii mitotice",
            "C. celulele sexuale provin din celule haploide",
            "D. cromozomii interfazici sunt despiraliza \u0163i"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen urma monohibrid \u0103rii, rezult \u0103 \u00een F2 organisme homozigote recesive \u00een propor \u0163ie de :",
        "question_number": "26",
        "options": [
            "A. 50 %;",
            "B. 75 %;",
            "C. 25 %;",
            "D. 100 %;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Transmiterea caracterelor ereditare :",
        "question_number": "27",
        "options": [
            "A. se realizeaz \u0103 cu ajutorul factorilor ereditari situa \u0163i \u00een gene;",
            "B. este determinat \u0103 de interac \u0163iunea dintre fenotip \u015fi mediul de via \u0163\u0103;",
            "C. legile de transmitere a caracterelor ereditare au fost elaborate de T.H. Morgan;",
            "D. este determinat \u0103 prioritar de genotip;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Tipul \u0093Drosophila\u0094 \u00een determinismul cromozomial al sexelor :",
        "question_number": "28",
        "options": [
            "A. este caracteristic tuturor insectelor;",
            "B. sexul femel se caracterizeaz \u0103 prin doi heterozomi diferi \u0163i;",
            "C. sexul mascul este homogametic;",
            "D. apar \u0163ine \u015fi unor specii de plante (spanac, hamei, c\u00e2nep \u0103);"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "ADN-ul :",
        "question_number": "29",
        "options": [
            "A. este prezent numai \u00een citoplasma celular \u0103;",
            "B. nucleotida sa con \u0163ine riboz \u0103;",
            "C. are \u00een constitu \u0163ia sa ca baz \u0103 azotat \u0103 pirimidinic \u0103, uracilul;",
            "D. intr \u0103 \u00een structura tuturor eucariotelor;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Prin denaturare :",
        "question_number": "30",
        "options": [
            "A. ADN-ul r \u0103m\u00e2ne monocatenar dac \u0103 r\u0103cirea solu \u0163iei se face treptat;",
            "B. se formeaz \u0103 dou \u0103 molecule de ADN dup \u0103 modelul semiconservativ;",
            "C. ADN-ul \u00ee \u015fi reface structura dublu catenar \u0103 dac \u0103 solu \u0163ia este r \u0103cit\u0103 brusc;",
            "D. ADN-ul devine monocatenar"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Despre replicarea ADN :",
        "question_number": "31",
        "options": [
            "A. molecula nou format \u0103 de ADN este monocatenar \u0103",
            "B. ambele catene ale moleculei de ADN nou sintetizate sunt noi",
            "C. catena nou \u0103 serve \u015fte ca model pentru formarea ARN",
            "D. catena veche serve \u015fte ca matri \u0163\u0103 pentru formarea unei catene noi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "I",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege \u0163i afirma \u0163ia corect \u0103 referitoare la structura unei nucleotide :",
        "question_number": "32",
        "options": [
            "A. con \u0163ine doar baze azotate",
            "B. con \u0163ine dou \u0103 baze azotate",
            "C. con \u0163ine o baz \u0103 azotat \u0103 \u015fi un radical fosforic",
            "D. con \u0163ine o baz \u0103 azotat \u0103, o pentoz \u0103 \u015fi un radical fosforic"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Drosophila melanogaster prezint \u0103 urm \u0103toarele avantaje ca material de studiu :",
        "question_number": "33",
        "options": [
            "A. prezint \u0103 cromozomi uria \u015fi \u00een structura tuturor celulelor;",
            "B. are numai 8 perechi de cromozomi diferi \u0163i morfologic;",
            "C. este prolific \u0103;",
            "D. toate variantele sunt corecte;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Fenomenul de linkage :",
        "question_number": "34",
        "options": [
            "A. const \u0103 \u00een shimbul reciproc de gene \u00eentre cromozomi omologi;",
            "B. nu vine \u00een contradic \u0163ie cu nici una din legile lui Mendel;",
            "C. se manifest \u0103 numai \u00een cazul genelor plasate \u00een acela \u015fi cromozom;",
            "D. a fost demonstrat de G. Mendel;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Recombin \u0103rile genetice :",
        "question_number": "35",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt caracteristice numai eucariotelor;",
            "B. determin \u0103 o variabilitate limitat \u0103 a geme \u0163ilor din punct de vedere genetic;",
            "C. intercromozomiale, reprezint \u0103 schimbul de gene \u00eentre cromozomi pereche;",
            "D. dau o explica \u0163ie \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103 variabilit \u0103\u0163ii organismelor;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Recombinarea genetic \u0103 la bacterii se realizeaz \u0103 prin :",
        "question_number": "36",
        "options": [
            "A. recombinare intracromozomial \u0103;",
            "B. recombinare intercromozomal \u0103;",
            "C. conjugare;",
            "D. conversie genic \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plasmagenele sunt localizate \u00een :",
        "question_number": "37",
        "options": [
            "A. plasmide;",
            "B. cromozomi;",
            "C. ribozomi;",
            "D. organite;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii ajung la polii celulei \u00een :",
        "question_number": "38",
        "options": [
            "A. profaz \u0103;",
            "B. anafaz \u0103;",
            "C. metafaz \u0103;",
            "D. telofaz \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Fusul de diviziune este realizat de :",
        "question_number": "39",
        "options": [
            "A. lizozomi;",
            "B. ribozomi;",
            "C. centrozomi;",
            "D. centrioli;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "George Emil Palade a descoperit :",
        "question_number": "40",
        "options": [
            "A. mitocondriile;",
            "B. cloroplastele;",
            "C. ribozomii;",
            "D. lizozomii;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organite celulare care prezint \u0103 o membran \u0103 dubl \u0103 sunt :",
        "question_number": "41",
        "options": [
            "1. nucleul;",
            "2. mitocondriile;",
            "3. cloroplastele;",
            "4. ribozomii;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Despre organitele celulei eucariote :",
        "question_number": "42",
        "options": [
            "1. reticulul endoplasmatic, aparatul Golgi, lizozomii, vacuolele au membran \u0103 simpl \u0103;",
            "2. ribozomii, centriolii, cilii, flagelii sunt lipsi \u0163i de membran \u0103;",
            "3. nucleul, plastidele,mitocondriile au membran \u0103 dubl \u0103;",
            "4. reticulul endoplasmatic, aparatul Golgi, ribozomii au membran \u0103 dubl \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organite din celula eucariot \u0103 purt \u0103toare de informa \u0163ie genetic \u0103 proprie :",
        "question_number": "43",
        "options": [
            "1. Plastidele;",
            "2. Dictiozomii;",
            "3. Mitocondriile;",
            "4. RE;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Lizozomii :",
        "question_number": "44",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt s \u0103cule \u0163i plini cu ap \u0103",
            "2. au rol \u00een sinteza proteinelor",
            "3. sunt delimita \u0163i de o membran \u0103 dubl \u0103",
            "4. se formeaz \u0103 din reticulul endoplasmatic"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile :",
        "question_number": "45",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt delimitate de o membran \u0103 simpl \u0103;",
            "2. asigur \u0103 respira \u0163ia celular \u0103;",
            "3. con \u0163in lipide cu rol oxido-reduc \u0103tor",
            "4. con \u0163in ADN propriu;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Citoplasma :",
        "question_number": "46",
        "options": [
            "1. se prezint \u0103 \u00een stare de gel sau sol",
            "2. se afl \u0103 \u00een mi \u015fcare continu \u0103",
            "3. cuprinde organitele celulare",
            "4. devine fluid \u0103 la temperaturi sc \u0103zute ale mediului extracelular"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Reticulul endoplasmatic :",
        "question_number": "47",
        "options": [
            "1. asigur \u0103 func \u0163ia de respira \u0163ie celular \u0103",
            "2. se poate asocia cu ribozomii",
            "3. este delimitat de o dubl \u0103 membran \u0103",
            "4. acumuleaz \u0103 proteine"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plastidele :",
        "question_number": "48",
        "options": [
            "1. amiloplastele con \u0163in pigmen \u0163i carotenoizi",
            "2. cloroplastele au creste cu enzime oxidoreduc \u0103toare",
            "3. sunt prezente \u00een celula animal \u0103",
            "4. pot con \u0163ine pigmen \u0163i clorofilieni"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sintezele organice au loc \u00een :",
        "question_number": "49",
        "options": [
            "1. reticulul endoplasmatic;",
            "2. aparatul Golgi;",
            "3. ribozomi;",
            "4. lizozomi;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitoza :",
        "question_number": "50",
        "options": [
            "1. fusul de diviziune apare \u00een interfaz \u0103;",
            "2. \u00een metafaz \u0103, cromozomii dispu \u015fi \u00een tetrade sunt situa \u0163i \u00een planul ecuatorial al celulei;",
            "3. formeaz \u0103 celule-fiice haploide, identice;",
            "4. \u00een interfaz \u0103 se dubleaz \u0103 cantitatea de ADN;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Musculi \u0163a de o \u0163et :",
        "question_number": "51",
        "options": [
            "1. are celule somatice cu n=4",
            "2. are \u00een celulele somatice 3 perechi de cromozomi autozomi",
            "3. cromozomii sexului la femel \u0103 sunt diferi \u0163i",
            "4. cromozomii sexului la mascul se noteaz \u0103 XY"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Fazele ciclului celular se desf \u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een urmatoarea ordine :",
        "question_number": "52",
        "options": [
            "1. profaz \u0103, interfaz \u0103, anafaz \u0103, telofaz \u0103",
            "2. anafaz \u0103, profaz \u0103, metafaz \u0103, telofaz \u0103",
            "3. interfaz \u0103, profaz \u0103, anafaz \u0103, metafaz \u0103, telofaz \u0103",
            "4. interfaz \u0103, profaz \u0103, metafaz \u0103, anafaz \u0103, telofaz \u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celulele corpului :",
        "question_number": "53",
        "options": [
            "1. se numesc \u015fi celule somatice;",
            "2. au un num \u0103r redus de cromozomi (n);",
            "3. au un num \u0103r dublu de cromozomi (2n);",
            "4. se numesc haploide;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Incluziunile ergastice :",
        "question_number": "54",
        "options": [
            "1. pot fi de natur \u0103 organic \u0103 (sulf);",
            "2. sunt produ \u015fi ai metabolismului celular;",
            "3. \u00ee \u015fi au originea tot \u00een membrana celular \u0103;",
            "4. pot fi de natur \u0103 anorganic \u0103 (granule de carbonat de calciu);"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Vacuolele :",
        "question_number": "55",
        "options": [
            "1. prezint \u0103 un con \u0163inut numit suc celular;",
            "2. sunt compartimente delimitate de membrane speciale- tonoplast;",
            "3. acumuleaz \u0103 diferite substan \u0163e anorganice \u015fi organice dizolvate total sau par \u0163ial \u00een ap \u0103;",
            "4. au de obicei form \u0103 sferic \u0103 \u015fi sunt \u00een num \u0103r variabil;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ce este citoplasma :",
        "question_number": "56",
        "options": [
            "1. constituentul fundamental al celulei vii;",
            "2. sediul cloroplastelor;",
            "3. sediul condriozomului;",
            "4. o forma \u0163iune lamelar \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen profaza mitozei :",
        "question_number": "57",
        "options": [
            "1. se dezorganizeaz \u0103 fusul de diviziune;",
            "2. apar membrana nuclear \u0103 \u015fi nucleolii;",
            "3. cromozomii bicromatidici sunt atra \u015fi spre cei doi poli ai celulei;",
            "4. se individualizeaz \u0103 cromozomii;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Importan \u0163a meiozei const \u0103 \u00een :",
        "question_number": "58",
        "options": [
            "1. formarea celulelor diploide;",
            "2. formarea celulelor reproduc \u0103toare;",
            "3. formarea celulelor somatice;",
            "4. genereaz \u0103 diversitate \u00een lumea vie;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular la ciuperci con \u0163ine :",
        "question_number": "59",
        "options": [
            "1. glicogen;",
            "2. celuloz \u0103;",
            "3. ulei;",
            "4. chitin \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Profaza II a meiozei :",
        "question_number": "60",
        "options": [
            "1. este foarte scurt \u0103;",
            "2. dezorganizarea \u00eenveli \u015fului nuclear este sincronizat \u0103 cu formarea fusului de diviziune;",
            "3. cromozomii sunt bicromatidici;",
            "4. cromozomii-fii, denumi \u0163i \u015fi cromatide, se dispun \u00een placa metafizic \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Centromerul cromozomului :",
        "question_number": "61",
        "options": [
            "1. fixeaz \u0103 cromozomul de filamentele fusului de diviziune;",
            "2. une \u015fte cromatidele;",
            "3. se poate eviden \u0163ia la microscopul electronic;",
            "4. este o structur \u0103 acromatic \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii :",
        "question_number": "62",
        "options": [
            "1. alc \u0103tuiesc genotipul unui organism",
            "2. sunt alc \u0103tui\u0163i din c\u00e2te doi centromeri;",
            "3. sunt 46 perechi \u00een fiecare celul \u0103 a corpului uman;",
            "4. pot fi num \u0103ra\u0163i \u00een metafaza mitozei;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii :",
        "question_number": "63",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt structuri permanente ale celulei;",
            "2. rezult \u0103 din organizarea cromatinei;",
            "3. sunt \u00een num \u0103r constant \u015fi caracteristic pentru fiecare specie;",
            "4. \u00een celulele reproduc \u0103toare \u015fi somatice, num \u0103rul de cromozomi este acela \u015fi;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleul con \u0163ine :",
        "question_number": "64",
        "options": [
            "1. membrana nuclear \u0103;",
            "2. nucleoplasma;",
            "3. 1-2 nucleoli;",
            "4. cromozomi;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Discurile grana :",
        "question_number": "65",
        "options": [
            "1. se g \u0103sesc \u00een mitocondrii;",
            "2. se g \u0103sesc \u00een cloroplaste;",
            "3. se g \u0103sesc \u00een ribozomi;",
            "4. con \u0163in clorofil \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Legea I a lui Mendel :",
        "question_number": "66",
        "options": [
            "1. \u00een F1 factorul ereditar recesiv nu se exprim \u0103",
            "2. game \u0163ii indivizilor hibrizi con \u0163in factori ereditari pereche",
            "3. indivizii hibrizi din F 1 sunt heterozigo \u0163i",
            "4. \u00een F 2 indizivii au fenotip identic"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Legea a II-a a lui Mendel :",
        "question_number": "67",
        "options": [
            "1. \u00een F 2 apar indivizi cu fenotip identic;",
            "2. to \u0163i indivizii din F 1 au fenotip identic;",
            "3. raportul de segregare \u00een F2 este de 3:1; F",
            "4. hibrizii rezulta \u0163i \u00een F1 formeaz \u0103 patru tipuri de game \u0163i femeli \u015fi patru tipuri de game \u0163i masculi;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Teoria cromozomial \u0103 a eredit \u0103\u0163ii :",
        "question_number": "68",
        "options": [
            "1. genele sunt a \u015fezate succesiv \u00een cromozomi;",
            "2. cromozomii din acelea \u015fi gene se transmit \u00eenl \u0103n\u0163uit;",
            "3. \u00eentre cromozomii omologi se realizeaz \u0103 crossing-over;",
            "4. genele alele nu se afl \u0103 \u00een acela \u015fi locus;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii :",
        "question_number": "69",
        "options": [
            "1. sexului din celulele diploide pot fi neomologi;",
            "2. zigotului au origine matern \u0103 \u015fi patern \u0103;",
            "3. autozomali formeaz \u0103 22 perechi \u00een fiecare celul \u0103 2n din corpul uman;",
            "4. sunt situa \u0163i \u00een gene;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen concep \u0163ia morganist \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "70",
        "options": [
            "1. toate genele sunt plasate \u00een cromozomi;",
            "2. distan \u0163a \u00eentre gene pe cromozomi este variabil \u0103;",
            "3. genele sunt dispuse numai liniar;",
            "4. distan \u0163a \u00eentre gene este uniform \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Crossing-overul :",
        "question_number": "71",
        "options": [
            "1. are loc numai \u00een meioz \u0103;",
            "2. poate avea loc \u015fi \u00een interiorul genei;",
            "3. are loc numai \u00een mitoz \u0103;",
            "4. poate fi dublu, triplu sau multiplu;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "La Mirabilis jalapa din \u00eencruci \u015farea unor plante cu flori ro \u015fii cu plante cu flori albe, rezult \u0103 \u00een F2 :",
        "question_number": "72",
        "options": [
            "1. 50% plante cu flori roz;",
            "2. 50% plante homozigote;",
            "3. 50% plante heterozigote;",
            "4. 50% plante cu flori ro \u015fii;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "La ceap \u0103 num \u0103rul de cromozomi din celulele diploide este de :",
        "question_number": "73",
        "options": [
            "1. 10;",
            "2. 20;",
            "3. 8;",
            "4. 16;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Genele sex-linkate :",
        "question_number": "74",
        "options": [
            "1. se transmit \u00een mod egal la ambele sexe;",
            "2. sunt localizate \u00een autozomi;",
            "3. se transmit \u00een descenden \u0163\u0103 pe linie matern \u0103;",
            "4. sunt localizate \u00een heterozomi;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "G. Mendel a elaborat urmatoarele legi \u015fi teorii :",
        "question_number": "75",
        "options": [
            "1. teoria micelar \u0103;",
            "2. legea purit \u0103\u0163ii game \u0163ilor;",
            "3. plasarea linear \u0103 a genelor \u00een cromozomi;",
            "4. legea segreg \u0103rii independente a perechilor de caractere;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Masculul la D. melanogaster este :",
        "question_number": "76",
        "options": [
            "1. YO;",
            "2. XY;",
            "3. XO;",
            "4. XY;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Despre cromozomi :",
        "question_number": "77",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt structuri permanente ale celulei",
            "2. se autoreproduc",
            "3. asigur \u0103 transmiterea caracterelor ereditare",
            "4. se g \u0103sesc ca num \u0103r par \u00een celulele somatice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Factorii ereditari :",
        "question_number": "78",
        "options": [
            "1. se g \u0103sesc \u00een cromozomi",
            "2. se separ \u0103 independent \u00een timpul meiozei",
            "3. se g \u0103sesc perechi \u00een celulele somatice",
            "4. se manifest \u0103 identic pentru a exprima fenotipic un anumit caracter"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege enun \u0163ul/enun \u0163urile corect/e :",
        "question_number": "79",
        "options": [
            "1. factor dominant = factor ereditar care se exprim \u0103 fenotipic;",
            "2. genotip = totalitatea genelor unui organism;",
            "3. organism heterozigot = con \u0163ine factori ereditari diferi \u0163i, care exprim \u0103 acela \u015fi caracter;",
            "4. hibridare = procesul de \u00eencrucisare \u00eentre doi indivizi diferi \u0163i;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii afla \u0163i \u00een mitoz \u0103 :",
        "question_number": "80",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt bicromatidici \u00een profaz \u0103;",
            "2. sunt foarte condensa \u0163i \u00een metafaz \u0103;",
            "3. sunt monocromatidici \u00een telofaz \u0103;",
            "4. dispar \u00een anafaz \u0103;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2004"
    },
    {
        "question": "Aparatul Golgi:",
        "question_number": "1",
        "options": [
            "A. lipse\u015fte \u00een celula animal\u0103;",
            "B. este bine dezvoltat \u00een celulele glandulare;",
            "C. prezint\u0103 prelu ngiri numite criste;",
            "D. este delimitat de tonoplast."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cloroplastele:",
        "question_number": "2",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt lipsite de pigmen\u0163i;",
            "B. sunt prezente numai \u00een celula animal\u0103;",
            "C. con\u0163in material genetic propr iu;",
            "D. asambleaz\u0103 aminoacizii \u00een proteine."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular este alc\u0103tuit din:",
        "question_number": "3",
        "options": [
            "A. chitin\u0103 la fungi ;",
            "B. celuloz\u0103 la bacterii  ;",
            "C. aleuron\u0103 la alge;",
            "D. murein\u0103 la eucariote."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromoplastel e:",
        "question_number": "4",
        "options": [
            "A. depoziteaz\u0103 substan\u0163e de rezerv\u0103;",
            "B. constituie atractan\u0163i pentru insecte \u015fi p\u0103s\u0103ri;",
            "C. con\u0163in fosfataze;",
            "D. nu au rol ecologic."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile:",
        "question_number": "5",
        "options": [
            "A. prezint\u0103 o membran\u0103 extern\u0103 pliat\u0103;",
            "B. con\u0163in numai ARN mitocondrial;",
            "C. elibereaz\u0103 energie, prin procese de oxidare a substan\u0163elor organice;",
            "D. au rol \u00een sinteza proteinelor nucle are."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "La nivelul ribozomilor e xist\u0103:",
        "question_number": "6",
        "options": [
            "A. exclusiv catene polipeptidice;",
            "B. molecule de ARN \u015fi proteine;",
            "C. exclusiv ARN mesager;",
            "D. trei subunit\u0103\u0163i: mare, mijlocie \u015fi mic\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Tran sportul activ:",
        "question_number": "7",
        "options": [
            "A. se poate realiza prin difuziune facilitat\u0103;",
            "B. depinde de vacuom;",
            "C. nu necesit\u0103 consum energetic;",
            "D. necesit\u0103 enzime ATP -azice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plasmoliza:",
        "question_number": "8",
        "options": [
            "A. are loc datorit\u0103 asimetriei membranelor;",
            "B. poate fi urmat\u0103 de deplasmoliz\u0103;",
            "C. se datoreaz\u0103 cre\u015fterii  volumului  celular;",
            "D. reprezint\u0103 p\u0103trunderea apei \u00een vacuol\u0103  \u015fi cre\u015fterea turgescen\u0163ei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Prin osmoza:",
        "question_number": "9",
        "options": [
            "A. plasmalema se contracta;",
            "B. volumul ce lulei creste;",
            "C. moleculele dintr -o solutie traverseaza membrana semipermeabila, de la concentratie mare la concentratie scazuta;",
            "D. celula raspunde la temperaturi prea scazute sau prea ridicate;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Meioza :",
        "question_number": "10",
        "options": [
            "A. are tetrade \u00een placa ecuatorial\u0103 \u00een metafaza I;",
            "B. este o diviziune directa;",
            "C. se desf \u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een 3 etape succesive;",
            "D. conserva numarul de cromozomi ai celulei mame."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Conform legilor mendeliene ale eredit\u0103\u0163ii:",
        "question_number": "11",
        "options": [
            "A. are loc un schimb de gene intre cromozomii omologi;",
            "B. codominan \u0163a se manifest\u0103 prin pre zen\u0163a genelor cu efect letal;",
            "C. game\u0163ii sunt totdeauna puri d.p.d.v. genetic  ;",
            "D. hibridarea este un proces de aut ofecundare."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Fenomenul de crossing -over se re alizeaz\u0103 \u00een:",
        "question_number": "12",
        "options": [
            "A. anafaza mitozei;",
            "B. metafaza I a meiozei  ;",
            "C. profaza II a meiozei;",
            "D. profaza I a meiozei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celula veget al\u0103 se deosebe \u0219te de cea animal\u0103 prin prezen \u021ba:",
        "question_number": "13",
        "options": [
            "A. cromozomilor \u0219i a ribozomilor;",
            "B. membranei \u0219i a lizozomilor;",
            "C. perete lui celular \u0219i a cloroplastelor;",
            "D. mitocondriilor \u0219i a nucleului."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Diviziunea direct\u0103:",
        "question_number": "14",
        "options": [
            "A. este \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 la toate celulele eucariote;",
            "B. are loc \u00een celulele haploide de tipul  celulelor sanguine;",
            "C. se caracterizeaza prin neindividualizarea cromozomilor omologi;",
            "D. contribuie la formarea peret elui celular."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleolul:",
        "question_number": "15",
        "options": [
            "A. se dezorganizeaz\u0103 \u00een interfaz\u0103;",
            "B. are rol \u00een producerea lizozomilor;",
            "C. con\u0163ine exclusiv ADN;",
            "D. are rol \u00een biogeneza ribozomilor."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana plasmatic\u0103:",
        "question_number": "16",
        "options": [
            "A. este de natur\u0103 glicoproteic\u0103;",
            "B. nu prezinta canale ionice;",
            "C. este un cito schelet proteic;",
            "D. este polarizata electric."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "La nivelul ribozomilor exist\u0103:",
        "question_number": "17",
        "options": [
            "A. criste si enzime ale lantului respirator;",
            "B. molecule de ARN \u015fi proteine;",
            "C. o matrice glicoproteica;",
            "D. trei subunit\u0103\u0163i: mare, mijlocie \u015fi mic\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii:",
        "question_number": "18",
        "options": [
            "A. stocheaz\u0103 informa\u0163ia genetic\u0103;",
            "B. au dou\u0103 cromatide diferite din punct de vedere biochimic \u015fi genetic;",
            "C. num\u0103rul de cromozomi nu reprezint\u0103 o caracteristic\u0103 a speciei;",
            "D. nu sunt alcatuiti din acizi nucleici."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Au \u00eenveli\u015f dublu  :",
        "question_number": "19",
        "options": [
            "A. cloroplastele;",
            "B. ribozomii;",
            "C. nucleoidul;",
            "D. nucleolii."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cea mai important\u0103 rezerv\u0103 glucidic\u0103  din celulele vegetale este:",
        "question_number": "20",
        "options": [
            "A. glicogenul;",
            "B. clorofila;",
            "C. amidonul;",
            "D. celuloza."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cristele mitocondriale :",
        "question_number": "21",
        "options": [
            "A. se formeaz\u0103 prin invaginarea membranei externe a mito condriilor;",
            "B. se formeaz\u0103 prin invaginarea membranei  interne a mitocondriilor;",
            "C. pot avea doar forma sferic\u0103;",
            "D. con\u0163in stroma."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Grana:",
        "question_number": "22",
        "options": [
            "A. este prezent\u0103 \u00een structura mitocondriilor;",
            "B. este o structur\u0103 membranar\u0103;",
            "C. este prezent\u0103 \u00een celulele procariote;",
            "D. particip\u0103 la  realizarea mi\u015fc\u0103rilor citoplasmatice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "George  Emil Palade, laureat al premiului Nobel, a descoperit :",
        "question_number": "23",
        "options": [
            "A. mitocodriile;",
            "B. cloroplastele;",
            "C. ribozomii;",
            "D. lizozomii."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile:",
        "question_number": "24",
        "options": [
            "A. stocheaz\u0103   energia \u00een moleculele de ATP;",
            "B. au rol \u00een sinteza proteinelor;",
            "C. au rol \u00een digestia celular\u0103;",
            "D. coordoneaz\u0103 activitat ea celular\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana celular\u0103:",
        "question_number": "25",
        "options": [
            "A. se prezint\u0103 ca un sistem coloidal;",
            "B. are o structur\u0103 polizaharidic\u0103;",
            "C. are permeabilitate selectiv\u0103;",
            "D. delimiteaz\u0103 nucleul celulei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "In telofaza mitozei au loc urm\u0103toarele fenomene :",
        "question_number": "26",
        "options": [
            "A. dispunerea cromozomilor \u00een plan ecu atorial;",
            "B. clivarea longitudinala a cromozomilor;",
            "C. reapar nucleul \u015fi membrana nuclear\u0103;",
            "D. ajung la polii celulei cromozomi bicromatidici ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "La sf\u00e2r\u015fitul meiozei se formeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "27",
        "options": [
            "A. dou\u0103 celule haploide;",
            "B. dou\u0103 celule diploide;",
            "C. patru celule haploide;",
            "D. patru celule dipl oide;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Constituien\u0163ii celulari autodivizibili sunt urm\u0103torii, CU EXCEP\u0162IA:",
        "question_number": "28",
        "options": [
            "A. lizozomii;",
            "B. mitocondriile;",
            "C. cloroplastele;",
            "D. nucleul."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen anafaza mitotic\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "29",
        "options": [
            "A. migreaz\u0103 c\u0103tre polii celulei cromozomi monocromatidici;",
            "B. membrana nuclear\u0103 reapare;",
            "C. centrozomul organiz eaz\u0103 fusul de diviziune;",
            "D. se formeaz\u0103 membrana celular\u0103 ce va separa celulele fiice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Culoarea galben\u0103 a boabelor de maz\u0103re este determinat\u0103 de gena dominant\u0103 G. Indivizii homozigo \u0163i pentru acest caracter:",
        "question_number": "30",
        "options": [
            "A. Con\u0163in gena G \u00een dublu exemplar;",
            "B. Manifest\u0103 carac terul recesiv;",
            "C. Produc patru tipuri de game \u0163i;",
            "D. Produc game \u0163i impuri din punct de vedere genetic."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ribozomii:",
        "question_number": "31",
        "options": [
            "1. contin enzime hidrolitice;",
            "2. au rol in sintezele proteice;",
            "3. lipsesc din celula vegetala;",
            "4. contin proteine si ARN."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Crossing - over  - ul:",
        "question_number": "32",
        "options": [
            "1.  are loc in profaza II a meiozei",
            "2.  are loc in profaza I a meiozei",
            "3.  reprezinta o recombinare in tercromozomiala",
            "4.  reprezinta o recombinare intracrom ozomiala"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii sunt bicromatidici in:",
        "question_number": "33",
        "options": [
            "1.  anafaza I a meiozei",
            "2.  metafaza II a meiozei",
            "3.  metafaza mitozei",
            "4.  anafaza II a meiozei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Moleculele traverseaza o membrana semipermeabila in caz de:",
        "question_number": "34",
        "options": [
            "1. difuziune",
            "2. gelificare",
            "3. solubilitate",
            "4. osmoza"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Vacuolele:",
        "question_number": "35",
        "options": [
            "1.   sunt m\u0103rginite de tonoplast",
            "2.   sunt structuri permanente \u00een celulele vegetale",
            "3.   pot depozita substan\u0163e de rezerv\u0103 \u015fi nutrienti",
            "4.  con\u0163in ARN plastidial si enzime implicate in biosinteze"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Lamela mijlocie:",
        "question_number": "36",
        "options": [
            "1.  este de natura pectica",
            "2.  intervine in sinteza ribozomilor",
            "3.  solidarizeaza celulele invecinate",
            "4.  intervine in formarea tesutului excito -conductor"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cloroplastele fac parte din:",
        "question_number": "37",
        "options": [
            "1.   condriozom",
            "2.   vacuom",
            "3.   mezozom",
            "4.   plastidom"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Referitor la compozitia chimica a celulelor:",
        "question_number": "38",
        "options": [
            "1.  glicogenul reprezinta o forma de depozitare a glucozei in celule",
            "2.  pentozele intra in  alcatuirea ADN -ului",
            "3.  proteinele indeplinesc si rol structural",
            "4.  sarurile minerale se pot gasi sub forma de ioni"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Totalitatea \u00eensu\u015firilor unui organism reprezinta:",
        "question_number": "39",
        "options": [
            "1.  genotipul",
            "2.  genofondul",
            "3.  centromerul",
            "4.  fenotipul"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Doi parinti cu ochi caprui  :",
        "question_number": "40",
        "options": [
            "1.  pot avea copii cu ochi albastri in proportie de 50%",
            "2.  pot avea copii cu ochi caprui in proportie de 50%",
            "3.  pot avea numai copii cu ochi caprui",
            "4.  pot avea in proportie de 25 %  copii  cu ochi caprui"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Pozitia ocupata de gena in cromozom se numeste:",
        "question_number": "41",
        "options": [
            "1.  segregare",
            "2.  mezozom",
            "3.  linkage",
            "4.  locus"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Meioza:",
        "question_number": "42",
        "options": [
            "1.  poate dura chiar ani de zile",
            "2.  reduce la jumatate numarul de cromozomi ai celulei care se divide",
            "3.  se intalneste in gametogeneza",
            "4.  se mai numeste diviziune directa"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii sunt bicromatidici in:",
        "question_number": "43",
        "options": [
            "1. anafaza I a m eiozei",
            "2. telofaza I a meiozei",
            "3. metafaza mitozei",
            "4. metafaza II a meiozei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plastidele nefotosintetizatoare sunt :",
        "question_number": "44",
        "options": [
            "1. rodoplastele",
            "2. cromoplastele",
            "3. feoplastele",
            "4. leucoplastele"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Proteinele care intra in structura biomembranelor pot fi:",
        "question_number": "45",
        "options": [
            "1. atasate bistratului fosfolipidic",
            "2. transmembrane",
            "3. cu o portiune hidrofila si una hidrofoba",
            "4. pot pluti  pe fata interioara sau exterioara a bistratului fosfolipidic"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen telofaza mitotic\u0103:",
        "question_number": "46",
        "options": [
            "1. cromozomii omologi se cupleaz\u0103 \u00een bivalen\u0163i;",
            "2. are loc schimbul de segmente cromozomiale \u00eentre omologi;",
            "3. apare evident fe nomenul de clivaj;",
            "4. cromozomii sunt scurta \u021bi la ma xim."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Aparatul Golgi:",
        "question_number": "47",
        "options": [
            "1. prezint\u0103 membran\u0103 dubl\u0103 ;",
            "2. prezint\u0103 ARN ;",
            "3. prezint\u0103 enzime respiratorii;",
            "4. prezint\u0103 pigmen\u0163i clorofilieni."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen profaza mitotic\u0103 au loc urm\u0103toarele fenomene:",
        "question_number": "48",
        "options": [
            "1. centrozomul organizeaz\u0103 fusul de diviziune;",
            "2. membrana nuclear\u0103 \u015fi nucleolii se dezorganizeaz\u0103;",
            "3. filamentele de cromatin\u0103 se condenseaz\u0103 form\u00e2nd cromozomi ;",
            "4. cromozomii se dispun \u00een placa ecuatorial\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Crossing -overul reprezint\u0103:",
        "question_number": "49",
        "options": [
            "1. schimb reciproc de gene intre cromozomii neomologi;",
            "2. schimb reciproc de gene intre cromozomii omo logi;",
            "3. are loc in anafaza mitozei;",
            "4. duce la formarea cromozomilor recombina\u0163i."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plasmoliza:",
        "question_number": "50",
        "options": [
            "1. are loc \u00een celulele foi\u0163ei de ceap\u0103 aflate \u00eentr -o solu\u0163ie cu o concentra\u0163ie a s\u0103rurilor mai mare dec\u00e2t \u00een mediul intern;",
            "2. este procesul de pierdere a apei din celul\u0103;",
            "3. se realizeaz\u0103 prin osmoz\u0103;",
            "4. determin\u0103 cre\u015fterea volumului celulei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Elementele comune mitozei \u015fi meiozei sunt:",
        "question_number": "51",
        "options": [
            "1. num\u0103rul de cromozomi din celulele fiice;",
            "2. cromozomii bicromatidici de la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul diviziunii;",
            "3. tetradele cromozomal e din placa metafazic\u0103;",
            "4. fusul de diviziune ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen telofaza I a meiozei:",
        "question_number": "52",
        "options": [
            "1. cromozomii monocromatidici se g\u0103sesc la polii celulei;",
            "2. are loc schimbul reciproc de gene \u00eentre cromozomii omologi;",
            "3. cromozomii se spiralizeaz\u0103 \u015fi se formeaz\u0103 cei doi nuclei ;",
            "4. comozomii bicromatidici se dispun la centrul celulei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sunt formate din proteine contractile:",
        "question_number": "53",
        "options": [
            "1. membrana celular\u0103;",
            "2. cloroplastele;",
            "3. peretele celular;",
            "4. fibrele fusului de diviziune."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Care din formulele de mai jos reprezint\u0103 un gamet normal format \u00een cadrul unei dihibrid\u0103ri:",
        "question_number": "54",
        "options": [
            "1. GgRr;",
            "2. GRr;",
            "3. G;",
            "4. Gr."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Acizii nucleici sunt:",
        "question_number": "55",
        "options": [
            "1. Substan\u0163e macromoleculare;",
            "2. Proteine;",
            "3. Forma\u0163i din nucleotide;",
            "4. ADN \u015fi ATP."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Procentul crossing -over -elor:",
        "question_number": "56",
        "options": [
            "1. Este cu at\u00e2t mai mare cu c\u00e2t distan\u0163a dintre gene este mai mic \u0103;",
            "2. Este cu at\u00e2t mai mare cu c\u00e2t distan\u0163a dintre gene este mai mare;",
            "3. Depinde de genele antrenate \u00een schimb;",
            "4. Cre\u015fte propor\u0163ional cu distan\u0163a dintre gene."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Citoplasma celulelor:",
        "question_number": "57",
        "options": [
            "1. Este o materie cristalizat\u0103;",
            "2. La exterior este delimitat\u0103 de peretele celular;",
            "3. Se afl\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna \u00een starea de sol;",
            "4. Este un sistem coloidal."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Reticulul endoplasmatic:",
        "question_number": "58",
        "options": [
            "1. Poate fi neted sau rugos;",
            "2. Este uneori \u00eenso\u0163it de ribozomi;",
            "3. Asigur\u0103 circula\u0163ia intracitoplasmatic\u0103;",
            "4. Are rol \u00een elaborarea produ\u015filor de secre\u0163ie."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana celula r\u0103:",
        "question_number": "59",
        "options": [
            "1. este de natur\u0103 lipoproteic\u0103;",
            "2. este semipermeabil\u0103;",
            "3. este polarizat\u0103 electric;",
            "4. prezint\u0103 alc\u0103tuire caracterizat\u0103 prin modelul \u201em ozaicului fluid\u201d."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "A\u015fezarea cromozomilor la ecuatorul fusului de diviziune se realizeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "60",
        "options": [
            "1. \u00cen anafaza etapei reduc\u0163ionale;",
            "2. \u00cen metafaza diviziunii mitotice;",
            "3. \u00cen anafaza mitozei \u015fi meiozei;",
            "4. \u00cen metafaza I \u015fi metafaza II a meiozei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala cluj",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2009"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ribozomii :",
        "question_number": "1",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt costituen\u0163i celulari protoplasmatici;",
            "B. au membran\u0103 lipido -proteic\u0103;",
            "C. m\u0103resc suprafa\u0163a de reac\u0163ie a membranei celulare;",
            "D.con\u0163in ADN \u015fi proteine."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Lizozomii con\u0163in:",
        "question_number": "2",
        "options": [
            "A. ARN \u015fi proteine;",
            "B. ATP;",
            "C. enzime digestive;",
            "D. ADN."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Din compozi\u0163ia chim ic\u0103 a celulei animale lipsesc:",
        "question_number": "3",
        "options": [
            "A. lipidele \u015fi glicogenul;",
            "B. glucoza \u015fi cheratina;",
            "C. trigliceridele \u015fi amidonul;",
            "D. lipidele \u015fi proteinele."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Baze azotate ce realizeaz\u0103 leg\u0103turi duble de hidrogen sunt:",
        "question_number": "4",
        "options": [
            "A. adenina \u015fi guanina;",
            "B. citozina \u015fi uracilul;",
            "C. adenina \u015fi timina;",
            "D. citozina \u015fi guanina."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Enzimele:",
        "question_number": "5",
        "options": [
            "A. determin\u0103 sensul, viteza, succesiunea reac\u0163iilor dintr -un lan\u0163 metabolic;",
            "B. sunt de natur\u0103 lipidic\u0103;",
            "C. sunt glucide;",
            "D. sunt proteine cu rol structural."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Importan\u0163a meiozei const\u0103 \u00een:",
        "question_number": "6",
        "options": [
            "A. refacerea garniturii diploide de cromozomi;",
            "B. cre\u015fterea variabilit\u0103\u0163ii organismelor;",
            "C. p\u0103strarea aceluia\u015fi num\u0103r de cromozomi \u00een celulele fiice;",
            "D. formarea celulelor reproduc\u0103toare diploide."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sunt organite autodivizibile:",
        "question_number": "7",
        "options": [
            "A. REN \u015fi aparatul Golg i;",
            "B. lizozomii \u015fi ribozomii;",
            "C. peretele celular \u015fi vacuolele;",
            "D. mitocondriile \u015fi cloroplastele."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Centrul celular :",
        "question_number": "8",
        "options": [
            "A. se g\u0103se\u015fte la polul apical al celulei ;",
            "B. con\u0163ine 1 -2 corpusculi numi\u0163i nucleoli ;",
            "C. se mai nume\u015fte \u015fi centromer ;",
            "D. este situat \u00een  apropierea nucleului ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Au rol \u00een fotosintez\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "9",
        "options": [
            "A. oleoplastele ;",
            "B. leucoplastele ;",
            "C. feoplastele ;",
            "D. amiloplastele ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cloroplastele :",
        "question_number": "10",
        "options": [
            "A. con\u0163in clorofil\u0103 \u00een substan\u0163a fundamental\u0103 ;",
            "B. grana este dispus\u0103 sub form\u0103 d e fi\u015ficuri libere \u00een strom\u0103 ;",
            "C. sunt delimitate de o membran\u0103 dubl\u0103 poroas\u0103 ;",
            "D. sunt constituen\u0163i celulari specifici plantelor ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular :",
        "question_number": "11",
        "options": [
            "A. confer\u0103 labilitate formei celulei vegetale ;",
            "B. la plante este format di n celuloz\u0103, hemiceluloz\u0103 \u015fi pectin\u0103 ;",
            "C. este prezent exclusiv la plante ;",
            "D. este impermeabil pentru ap\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii :",
        "question_number": "12",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt vizibili \u00een interfaza ciclului celular ;",
            "B. pot fi eviden\u0163ia\u0163i \u00een amitoz\u0103 ;",
            "C. sunt structu ri permanente ale nucleului ;",
            "D. se g\u0103sesc \u00een num\u0103r variabil pentru o anumit\u0103 specie ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Caracterul semiconservativ al replic\u0103rii ADN -ului const\u0103 \u00een formarea a dou\u0103 macromolecule de ADN :",
        "question_number": "13",
        "options": [
            "A. noi pe jum\u0103tate ;  2",
            "B. una veche \u015fi una nou\u0103 ;",
            "C. noi \u00een \u00eentregime ;",
            "D. diferite informa\u0163ional de molecula mam\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Diviziunea amitotic\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "14",
        "options": [
            "A. se realizeaz\u0103 cu ajutorul fusului de diviziune ;",
            "B. se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin individualizarea cromozomilor ;",
            "C. se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u015fte la procari ote;",
            "D. se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u015fte la toate eucariotele."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitoza:",
        "question_number": "15",
        "options": [
            "A. este o diviziune direct\u0103  ;",
            "B. se finalizeaz\u0103 cu formarea sporilor ;",
            "C. este precedat\u0103 de interfaz\u0103;",
            "D. prezint\u0103 fazele: interfaz\u0103, profaz\u0103, metafaz\u0103, anafaz\u0103, telofaz\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Transportul activ:",
        "question_number": "16",
        "options": [
            "A. se poate realiza prin difuzie facilitat\u0103 ;",
            "B. este o form\u0103 a transportului vezicular ;",
            "C. nu necesit\u0103 consum energetic;",
            "D. are loc \u00eempotriva gradientului de concentra\u0163ie."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Tetradele cromozomale sunt preze nte:",
        "question_number": "17",
        "options": [
            "A. \u00een profaza mitotic\u0103 ;",
            "B. \u00een metafaza I ;",
            "C. \u00een metafaza II ;",
            "D. \u00een anafaza I ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sunt cromozomi bicromatidici recombina\u0163i cromozomii din :",
        "question_number": "18",
        "options": [
            "A. profaza mitotic\u0103 ;",
            "B. anafa za mitotic\u0103 ;",
            "C. anafaza I ;",
            "D. interfaza I ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile au urm\u0103toarele caracteristici structurale cu excep\u0163ia :",
        "question_number": "19",
        "options": [
            "A. au rol \u00een producerea energiei celulare ;",
            "B. au o membran\u0103 dubl\u0103 ;",
            "C. con\u0163in enzime oxido -reduc\u0103toare;",
            "D. au o matrice ce con\u0163ine ADN mitocondrial."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plasmalema :",
        "question_number": "20",
        "options": [
            "A. se prezint\u0103 ca un mozaic rigid ;",
            "B. are o structur\u0103 bilaminat\u0103 ;",
            "C. are permeabilitate selectiv\u0103 ;",
            "D. delimiteaz\u0103 nucleul ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "M en\u0163iona\u0163i afirma\u0163ia fals\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "21",
        "options": [
            "A. membrana  celular\u0103 este polarizat\u0103 electric ;",
            "B. ribozomii au rol \u00een sinteza proteinelor;",
            "C. centrul celular are rol \u00een diviziunea celular\u0103;",
            "D. mitocondriile con\u0163in enzime hidrolitice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular este alc\u0103tuit din:",
        "question_number": "22",
        "options": [
            "A. pectin\u0103 la celu lele vegetale ;",
            "B. celuloz\u0103 la bacterii;",
            "C. murein\u0103  la alge;",
            "D. chitin\u0103 la animale."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organitul cu rol \u00een transportul intracelular al substan\u0163elor este:",
        "question_number": "23",
        "options": [
            "A. reticulul endoplasmatic;",
            "B. aparatul Golgi;",
            "C. lizozomul ;",
            "D. ribozomul ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege\u0163i afirma\u0163ia incorect\u0103 privind celula procariot\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "24",
        "options": [
            "A. nu prezint\u0103 niciun fel de organite celulare ;",
            "B. prezint\u0103 mezozom cu rol \u00een respira\u0163ia celular\u0103 ;",
            "C. celula reprezint\u0103 sediul tuturor proceselor vitale ;",
            "D. genom ul bacterian este \u00een contact direct \u015fi permanent cu citoplasma ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Faza mitozei care se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin refacerea \u00eenveli\u015fului nuclear este :",
        "question_number": "25",
        "options": [
            "A. profaza ;",
            "B. anafaza;",
            "C. metafaza ;",
            "D. telofaza ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Profaza II se deosebe\u015fte de prof aza I prin :",
        "question_number": "26",
        "options": [
            "A. are loc crossing -over;",
            "B. cromozomii migreaz\u0103 spre ecuatorul celulei ;",
            "C. nu mai au loc fenomene de recombinare genetic\u0103 ;",
            "D. se formeaz\u0103 bivalen\u0163ii ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Centrozomul:",
        "question_number": "27",
        "options": [
            "A. este prezent \u00een celulele nervoase;",
            "B. se g\u0103se\u015fte \u00een apropierea nucleului ;",
            "C. se mai nume\u015fte \u015fi centromer;",
            "D. con\u0163ine 2 centrioli  a\u015feza\u0163i paralel ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "I",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege\u0163i afirma\u0163ia incorect\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "28",
        "options": [
            "A. \u00een urma meiozei rezult\u0103 2 celule haploide ;",
            "B. prin meioz\u0103 se formeaz\u0103 celulele sexu ale;",
            "C. celulele somatice se divid mit otic;",
            "D. \u00een interfaz\u0103 are loc replicarea ADN ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana celular\u0103 prezint\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "29",
        "options": [
            "A. un bistrat proteic ;",
            "B. fosfolipide transmembranare \u015fi ata\u015fate de proteine ;",
            "C. proteine canale \u015fi protei ne receptori ;",
            "D. doar proteine canal ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Reconstituirea garniturii diploide  se realizeaz\u0103  prin:",
        "question_number": "30",
        "options": [
            "A. mitoz\u0103 ;",
            "B. meioz\u0103 ;",
            "C. citochinez\u0103 ;",
            "D. fecunda\u0163ie ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Microtubuli i:",
        "question_number": "31",
        "options": [
            "1.  formeaz\u0103 9 triplete periferice \u00een structur a centriolilor ;",
            "2.  sunt \u00een num\u0103r de 20 \u00een structura flagelilor ;",
            "3.  con\u0163in o substan\u0163\u0103 proteic\u0103 -tubulin\u0103 ;",
            "4.  se g\u0103sesc  la nivelul citoschelet ului."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organite cu membran\u0103 simpl\u0103 sunt:",
        "question_number": "32",
        "options": [
            "1.  peroxizomii;",
            "2.  reticulul endoplasmatic ;",
            "3.  lizozomii;",
            "4.  ribozomii."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Polizaharide cu structur\u0103 fibrilar\u0103 prezente \u00een peretele celular al eucariotelor sunt :",
        "question_number": "33",
        "options": [
            "1.  mureina ;",
            "2.  chitina ;",
            "3.  amidonul ;",
            "4.  celuloza ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular este :",
        "question_number": "34",
        "options": [
            "1.  dispus la exteriorul membranei celulare ;",
            "2.  un \u00eenveli\u015f ce confer \u0103 rigiditate celulei ;",
            "3.  prezent la procariote, la fungi \u015fi la celulele vegetale ;",
            "4.  de natur\u0103 pecto -celulozic\u0103 la plante ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Glucoza este depozitat\u0103 \u00een organisme sub form\u0103 polizaharidic\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "35",
        "options": [
            "1.  amidon ;",
            "2.  celuloz\u0103 ;",
            "3.  glicogen ;",
            "4.  chitin\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peroxizomii :",
        "question_number": "36",
        "options": [
            "1.  deriv\u0103 din reticulul endoplasmatic ;",
            "2.  asigur\u0103 digestia intracelular\u0103 ;",
            "3.  con\u0163in enzime detoxifiante ;",
            "4.  con\u0163in enzime hidrolitice ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Lizozomii :",
        "question_number": "37",
        "options": [
            "1.  con\u0163in hidrolaze ;",
            "2.  realizeaz\u0103 heterofagie ;",
            "3.  realizeaz\u0103 autofagie ;",
            "4.  sunt d elimita\u0163i de membran\u0103 simpl\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Vacuolele :",
        "question_number": "38",
        "options": [
            "1. au membran\u0103 simpl\u0103 -tonoplast ;",
            "2. asigur\u0103 homeostazia celular\u0103 ;",
            "3. con\u0163in suc vacuolar ;",
            "4. prezente doar la plante ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Dictiozomii au rol \u00een:",
        "question_number": "39",
        "options": [
            "1. biosinteza polizaharidelor;",
            "2. secre\u0163ia de mu cilagii \u015fi enzime digestive la plantele carnivore ;",
            "3. prelucrarea proteinelor \u015fi lipidelor;",
            "4. respira\u0163ia celular\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Au rol \u00een detoxifierea celulei:",
        "question_number": "40",
        "options": [
            "1. lizozomii;",
            "2. RE;",
            "3. peroxizomii ;",
            "4. centrul celular ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Corpu sculii lui Nissl:",
        "question_number": "41",
        "options": [
            "1.asigur\u0103 vehicularea substan\u0163elor ;",
            "2. deriv\u0103 din RE;",
            "3. se mai numesc neurofibrile ;",
            "4. constituen\u0163i specifici neuronului ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Elementele comune mitozei \u015fi meiozei sunt:",
        "question_number": "42",
        "options": [
            "1. fusul de diviziune;",
            "2. num\u0103rul de cromozomi din celulele fiice;",
            "3. cromozomii monocromatidici de la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul diviziunii;",
            "4. tetradele cromozomale din metafaz\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Profaza mitotic\u0103  se caracterizeaz\u0103 prin :",
        "question_number": "43",
        "options": [
            "1. individualizarea cromozomilor;",
            "2. formarea fusului de diviziune ;",
            "3. dezorganizarea nucleului ;",
            "4. realizarea procesului de crossing -over."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Miofibrilele :",
        "question_number": "44",
        "options": [
            "1. asigur\u0103 contrac\u0163ia fibrelor musculare;",
            "2. sunt constituen\u0163i specifici fibrelor musculare ;",
            "3. sunt constit uite din miofilamente de actin\u0103 \u015fi miozin\u0103 ;",
            "4. specifice celulelor animale ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromatina :",
        "question_number": "45",
        "options": [
            "1. este alc\u0103tuit\u0103 din ADN \u015fi histone ;",
            "2. este format\u0103 din unit\u0103\u0163i repetitive numite nucleosomi ;",
            "3. prin condensare formeaz\u0103 cromozomii ;",
            "4. se prezint\u0103 sub form\u0103 de eucromatin\u0103 \u015fi heterocromatin\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Crossing -overul se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103  \u00eentre :",
        "question_number": "46",
        "options": [
            "1. cromatidele surori ale aceluia\u015fi cromozom ;",
            "2. dou\u0103 tetrade diferite ;",
            "3. nucleii celulelor fiice ;",
            "4. cromatidele neperechi ale unei tetrade ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege\u0163i afirma\u0163iile inc orecte privind mitocondriile :",
        "question_number": "47",
        "options": [
            "1. se perpetueaz\u0103 prin diviziune, fragmentare sau \u00eenmugurire ;",
            "2. se transmit de la o genera\u0163ie celular\u0103 la alta ;  4",
            "3. nu se formeaz\u0103 niciodat\u0103 \u201ede novo\u201d ;",
            "4. au rol \u00een sinteza de substan\u0163e organice ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen timpul meiozei are loc :",
        "question_number": "48",
        "options": [
            "1. recombinare ge netic\u0103 intracromozomial\u0103 ;",
            "2. refacerea garniturii diploide ;",
            "3. recombinare genetic\u0103 intercromozomial\u0103 ;",
            "4. crossing -over \u00een profaza II."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Acizii nucleici se g\u0103sesc \u00een:",
        "question_number": "49",
        "options": [
            "1. nucleu;",
            "2. mitocondrii;",
            "3. cloroplaste;",
            "4. citoplasm\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ribozomii se g\u0103sesc:",
        "question_number": "50",
        "options": [
            "1. ata\u015fa\u0163i pe fa\u0163a extern\u0103 a anvelopei nucleare ;",
            "2. \u00een cloroplaste ;",
            "3. ata\u015fa\u0163i REG ;",
            "4. \u00een nucleoplasm\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nu p rezint\u0103 \u00eenveli\u015f dublu:",
        "question_number": "51",
        "options": [
            "1. mitocondriile;",
            "2. ribozomii;",
            "3. nucleul;",
            "4. vacuolele."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ciclul celul ar cuprinde:",
        "question_number": "52",
        "options": [
            "1. interfaza;",
            "2. profaza;",
            "3. diviziunea propriu -zis\u0103;",
            "4. telofaza \u015fi anafaza."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Prin cariochinez\u0103 se \u00een\u0163elege :",
        "question_number": "53",
        "options": [
            "1. diviziunea citoplasmei ;",
            "2. separarea cromozomilor omologi ;",
            "3. separarea cromatidelo r-surori ;",
            "4. diviziunea nucleului ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Prin mitoz\u0103 se realizeaz\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "54",
        "options": [
            "1. reducerea num\u0103rului de cromozomi ;",
            "2. conservarea num\u0103rului de cromozomi ;",
            "3. dublarea num\u0103rului de cromozomi ;",
            "4. cre\u015fterea organismului ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Separarea croma tidelor surori are loc :",
        "question_number": "55",
        "options": [
            "1. \u00een metafaza mitozei ;",
            "2. \u00een metafaza I a meiozei ;",
            "3. \u00een metafaza II a meiozei ;",
            "4. \u00een telofaz\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Bivalen\u0163ii :",
        "question_number": "56",
        "options": [
            "1. reprezint\u0103 cromozomii omologi uni\u0163i ;",
            "2. se formeaz\u0103 \u00een profaza I ;",
            "3. au patru cromatide ;",
            "4. se formeaz\u0103 \u00een metafaza I ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Meioza se deosebe\u015fte de mitoz\u0103 astfel :",
        "question_number": "57",
        "options": [
            "1. celulele parentale sunt diploide ;",
            "2. la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul diviziunii se formeaz\u0103 celule haploide ;",
            "3. celulele parentale prezint\u0103 crom ozomi bicromatidici ;",
            "4. se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 etape ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleolii :",
        "question_number": "58",
        "options": [
            "1. se g\u0103sesc \u00een nucleoplasm\u0103 ;",
            "2. au rol \u00een biogeneza ribozomilor ;",
            "3. se dezorganizeaz\u0103 \u00een profaz\u0103 ;",
            "4. se reorganizeaz\u0103 \u00een telofaz\u0103 ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitoza :",
        "question_number": "59",
        "options": [
            "1. are loc \u00een celulele somatice ;",
            "2. se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een 2 etape \u015fi 4 faze ;",
            "3. se poate desf\u0103\u015fura succesiv la nivelul celulelor ;",
            "4. celulele formate nu se mai divid ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii :",
        "question_number": "60",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt \u00eentr -un singur exemplar la procariote (o molecul\u0103 circular\u0103, dublu catenar\u0103 de ADN) ;",
            "2. sunt exclusiv \u00een dublu exemplar la eucariote ;",
            "3. sunt \u00een dublu exemplar \u00een celulele somatice ;",
            "4. sunt structuri temporare \u00een celule ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2012"
    },
    {
        "question": "Unitatea structural\u0103 a cromatinei este:",
        "question_number": "1",
        "options": [
            "A. ADN -ul",
            "B. Nucleotida",
            "C. Nucl eozomul",
            "D. Proteina histonic\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Structural nucleolii:",
        "question_number": "2",
        "options": [
            "A. se dezorganizeaz\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul profazei",
            "B. se reorganizeaz\u0103 la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul telofazei",
            "C. au rol \u00een biogeneza ribozomilor",
            "D. nu sunt delimita\u0163i printr -o membran\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege\u0163i varianta incorect\u0103 privind plastidele \u015fi mitocond riile:",
        "question_number": "3",
        "options": [
            "A. au membran\u0103 dubl\u0103",
            "B. prezint\u0103 material genetic propriu",
            "C. se formeaz\u0103 de novo",
            "D. se multiplic\u0103 \u015fi se perpetueaz\u0103 prin diviziune"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ansamblul mitocondiilor din celul\u0103 formeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "4",
        "options": [
            "A. plastidomul celular",
            "B. condriomul celular",
            "C. aparatul Golgi",
            "D. nu are denumire"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celul ar este format \u00een principal din:",
        "question_number": "5",
        "options": [
            "A. polizaharide",
            "B. lipide",
            "C. proteine",
            "D. s\u0103ruri minerale"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Componenta func\u0163ional\u0103 a membranei celulare este reprezentat\u0103 de:",
        "question_number": "6",
        "options": [
            "A. lipide",
            "B. fosfolipide",
            "C. proteine",
            "D. glucide"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Prin cariochinez\u0103 se \u00een\u0163elege:",
        "question_number": "7",
        "options": [
            "A. diviziunea citoplasmei",
            "B. separarea cromozomilor  omologi",
            "C. separarea cromatidelor -surori",
            "D. diviziunea nucleului"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitoza are loc \u00een:",
        "question_number": "8",
        "options": [
            "A. gametocite",
            "B. sporocite",
            "C. celule somatice",
            "D. meiocite"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Prin mitoz\u0103 se realizeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "9",
        "options": [
            "A. reducerea num\u0103rului de cromozomi",
            "B. dublarea num\u0103rului de cromozomi",
            "C. conservarea num\u0103rului de cromozomi",
            "D. \u00eenjum\u0103t\u0103\u0163irea num\u0103rului de cromozomi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Meioza are loc \u00een:",
        "question_number": "10",
        "options": [
            "A. gametocite",
            "B. sporocite",
            "C. meiocite",
            "D. celule somatice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cemperecherea cromozomilor omologi are loc \u00een:",
        "question_number": "11",
        "options": [
            "A. metafaza II meiotic\u0103",
            "B. anafaza I meiotic\u0103",
            "C. profaza I meiotic\u0103",
            "D. metafaza I meiotic\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Lizozomul secundar se formeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "12",
        "options": [
            "A. Prin \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2nirea lizozomului primar format de Aparatul Golgi",
            "B. \u00cen urma acumul\u0103rii de enzime",
            "C. \u00cen urma unirii cu vezicula ce con\u0163ine particula ce urmeaz\u0103 a fi digerat\u0103",
            "D. \u00cen urma digestiei   2"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Pentru eviden\u0163ierea diviziunii meiotice la secar\u0103 sau gr\u00e2u fixarea preparat ului presupune:",
        "question_number": "13",
        "options": [
            "A. Folosirea reactivului Carnoy",
            "B. Colorarea cu carmin acetic",
            "C. \u00cenc\u0103lzirea lamei cu spicele presate la flac\u0103r\u0103",
            "D. Toate variantele de mai sus"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Baze azotate ce realizeaz\u0103 leg\u0103turi duble de hidrogen sunt:",
        "question_number": "14",
        "options": [
            "A. adenina \u015fi guanina",
            "B. citozina \u015fi  uracilul",
            "C. adenina \u015fi timina",
            "D. citozina \u015fi guanina"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Crossing -over -ul este:",
        "question_number": "15",
        "options": [
            "A.  un schimb unidirec\u0163ional de informa\u0163ie genetic\u0103",
            "B.  un proces de recombinare   genetic\u0103 intercromozomal\u0103",
            "C. schimb reciproc de gene \u00eentre cromozomii neperec he",
            "D.schimb echilibrat de gene \u00eentre cromatidele nesurori ale bivalen\u0163ilor"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular al ciupercilor are:",
        "question_number": "16",
        "options": [
            "A.celuloz\u0103 grupat\u0103 \u00een m\u0103nunchiuri",
            "B.chitin\u0103 organizat\u0103 \u00eentr -o re\u0163ea microfibrilar\u0103",
            "C. murein\u0103 ce alc\u0103tuie\u015fte sacul mureinic",
            "D. chitin\u0103  ca substan\u0163\u0103 fundamental\u0103, amorf\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Punctua\u0163iunile:",
        "question_number": "17",
        "options": [
            "A. str\u0103bat porii membranei nucleare",
            "B. sunt pori ai membranei plasmatice",
            "C. sunt cordoane plasmatice ce leag\u0103 diferite celule",
            "D. sunt traversate de plasmodesme"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "ADN -ul se replic\u0103:",
        "question_number": "18",
        "options": [
            "A. \u00een interfaza dintre cele dou\u0103 etape meiotice",
            "B \u00een faza G 2 a interfazei",
            "C.dup\u0103 modelul semiconservativ",
            "D \u00een timpul mitozei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii sunt monocromatidici \u00een timpul:",
        "question_number": "19",
        "options": [
            "A. anafazei I \u015fi II meiotice",
            "B. metafazelor meiotice \u015fi mitotice",
            "C. anafazei II \u015f i telofazei II meiotice",
            "D. profazei I \u015fi II meiotice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Schimburile de ioni \u00eentre celul\u0103 \u015fi mediul extracelular se realizeaz\u0103 prin:",
        "question_number": "20",
        "options": [
            "A. canale ionice (transport activ)",
            "B. difuziunea ionilor prin bistratul lipidic al membranei plasmatice",
            "C. pompele de ioni (cu consu m de energie)",
            "D. fagocitarea ionilor"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Dictiozomii:",
        "question_number": "21",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt constituen\u0163i celulari universali",
            "B. sunt delimita\u0163i de dou\u0103 membrane",
            "C. con\u0163in enzime hidrolitice",
            "D. particip\u0103 la realizarea peretelui celular."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Microtubulii:",
        "question_number": "22",
        "options": [
            "A. alc\u0103tuiesc \u00een \u00eentregime citoscheletul",
            "B. formeaz\u0103 t riplete \u00een centrioli",
            "C. sunt \u00een num\u0103r de 20 la periferia flagelului",
            "D. se \u00eent\u00e2lnesc \u00een structura cililor la procariote \u015fi eucariote"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii sunt bicromatidici \u015fi recombina\u0163i \u00een:",
        "question_number": "23",
        "options": [
            "A. profaza mitozei",
            "B. anafaza mitozei",
            "C. anafaza diviziunii reduc\u0163ionale",
            "D. anafaza div iziunii ecva\u0163ionale"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleul:",
        "question_number": "24",
        "options": [
            "A. este delimitat de o membran\u0103 simpl\u0103 cu pori",
            "B. este mai mare la celulele adulte comparativ cu cele tinere",
            "C. \u00ee\u015fi dubleaz\u0103 volumul \u00een prima perioad\u0103 a interfazei",
            "D. \u00ee\u015fi modific\u0103 aspectul pe parcursul ciclului celular"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen metafa za I:",
        "question_number": "25",
        "options": [
            "A. tetradele se prind cu ajutorul centromerilor de firele fusului de diviziune",
            "B. tetradele sunt dispuse \u00een dou\u0103 pl\u0103ci ecuatoriale   3",
            "C. cromozomii materni sunt orienta\u0163i, de regul\u0103, spre acela\u015fi pol al celulei",
            "D. cromozomii neomologi sunt lega\u0163i prin chiasme"
        ],
        "right_answer": "I",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Separarea cromozomilor omologi are loc \u00een:",
        "question_number": "26",
        "options": [
            "A. profaza I",
            "B. metafaza II",
            "C. metafaza I",
            "D. telofaza II"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Turgescen\u0163a unei celule:",
        "question_number": "27",
        "options": [
            "A. variaz\u0103 \u00eentr -un mediu izotonic",
            "B. scade \u00eentr -o solu\u0163ie hipertonic\u0103",
            "C. se reface prin plasmoliz\u0103",
            "D.cre\u015fte \u00eentr -un mediu hipertonic"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mito condriile \u015fi cloroplastele se aseam\u0103n\u0103 prin faptul c\u0103:",
        "question_number": "28",
        "options": [
            "A. au un material genetic asem\u0103n\u0103tor cu al bacteriilor",
            "B. sunt organite cu membran\u0103 simpl\u0103",
            "C. se \u00eent\u00e2lnesc \u00een toate celulele eucariote",
            "D. sunt plastide"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege\u0163i asocierea corect\u0103:",
        "question_number": "29",
        "options": [
            "A. ribozomii \u2013 se ata\u015feaz\u0103 de dictiozomi",
            "B. centrozomul -  are un corpuscul bazal",
            "C. lizozomii -  au rol \u00een respira\u0163ia celular\u0103",
            "D. mitocondriile \u2013 prezint\u0103 invagin\u0103ri tubulare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "O celul\u0103 cu cromozomi bicromatidici:",
        "question_number": "30",
        "options": [
            "A. apare \u00een urma etapei reduc\u0163ionale a mitozei",
            "B. se poate afla \u00een metafaza II meiotic \u0103",
            "C. se noteaz\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna cu 2n",
            "D. se formeaz\u0103 \u00een urma etapei ecva\u0163ionale a meiozei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Forme ale transportului pasiv:",
        "question_number": "31",
        "options": [
            "1. difuzia",
            "2. osmoza",
            "3. difuzia facilitat\u0103",
            "4. pompa de Na -K"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile \u00eendeplinesc dou\u0103 func\u0163ii fundamentale:",
        "question_number": "32",
        "options": [
            "1. respira\u0163ia celular\u0103",
            "2. secre\u0163ia celular\u0103",
            "3. ereditatea extranuclear\u0103",
            "4. prezint\u0103 enzime oxidative"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile se perpetueaz\u0103 prin:",
        "question_number": "33",
        "options": [
            "1. diviziune",
            "2. \u00eenmugurire",
            "3. fragmetare",
            "4. se formeaz\u0103 de novo"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Leucoplastele:",
        "question_number": "34",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt plastide incolore",
            "2. depoziteaz\u0103 uleiuri vegetale -oleoplaste",
            "3. depoziteaz\u0103 amidon -amiloplaste",
            "4. abund\u0103 \u00een endospermul seminal"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Lamela mijlocie:",
        "question_number": "35",
        "options": [
            "1. con\u0163ine \u00een principal celuloz\u0103",
            "2. cimenteaz\u0103 pere\u0163ii celulari",
            "3. se formeaz\u0103 dup\u0103 divi ziunea celulei",
            "4. con\u0163ine \u00een principal pectin\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Transportul pasiv se caracterizeaza prin:",
        "question_number": "36",
        "options": [
            "1. nu necesit\u0103 energie",
            "2. are loc \u00een sensul gradientului de concentra\u0163ie       4",
            "3. deplasarea moleculelor are loc de la concentra\u0163ie mare la concentra\u0163ie mic\u0103",
            "4. deplasarea molec ulelor de ap\u0103 are loc de la solu\u0163ia diluat\u0103 la solu\u0163ia concentrat\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "ATP se sintetizeaz\u0103 la nivelul:",
        "question_number": "37",
        "options": [
            "1. Ribozomilor",
            "2. Cloroplastelor",
            "3. Lizozomilor",
            "4. Mitocondriilor"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plastidele sunt organite:",
        "question_number": "38",
        "options": [
            "1. Autoreproductibile",
            "2. Semiautonome",
            "3. Specifice organismelor fotosintetizatoare",
            "4. Prezente \u00een toate celulele."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plastidele nefotosintetizante sunt:",
        "question_number": "39",
        "options": [
            "1. Leucoplastele",
            "2. Feoplastele",
            "3. Cromoplastele",
            "4. Rodoplastele"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Pigmen\u0163ii asimilatori caracteristici pentru feoplaste sunt:",
        "question_number": "40",
        "options": [
            "1. Clorofila a \u015fi clorofila b",
            "2. Ficobilinele, clorofila a \u015fi d",
            "3. Xantofilele, clorofila a \u015fi b",
            "4. Xantofilele, clorofila a \u015fi d"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "La plantele superioare, spre deosebire de alge, cloroplastele sunt:",
        "question_number": "41",
        "options": [
            "1. Cu forme variate",
            "2. Cu form\u0103 lenticular\u0103",
            "3. Mai pu\u0163ine, cu dimensiuni mari",
            "4. Mai numeroase"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organite celulare pozi\u0163ionate \u00een apropierea nucleului:",
        "question_number": "42",
        "options": [
            "1. RER",
            "2. Dictiozom ii",
            "3. Centrozomul",
            "4. ribozomii"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Func\u0163iile vacuolelor sunt:",
        "question_number": "43",
        "options": [
            "1. Acumularea apei",
            "2. Stocarea nutrien\u0163ilor",
            "3. Stocarea metaboli\u0163ilor",
            "4. Stocarea substan\u0163elor de rezerv\u0103 (aleuron\u0103, pigmen\u0163i,etc)"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Incluziunile ergastice:",
        "question_number": "44",
        "options": [
            "1. Sunt reprezentate de produ\u015fii intermediari \u015fi finali ai metab olismului celular",
            "2. Pot fi de natur\u0103 organic\u0103 (cristale de carbonat de calciu,etc)",
            "3. Se pot depozita \u00een plastide sau \u00een vacuole",
            "4. Pot fi de natur\u0103 anorganic\u0103 (granule de amidon, aleuron\u0103)"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Alege\u0163i varianta/variantele corecte referitoare la citoplasma fundamental\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "45",
        "options": [
            "1. Hialoplasma se afl\u0103 \u00een dou\u0103 st\u0103ri fizice reversibile: sol \u015fi gel",
            "2. Reac\u0163iile chimice se petrec mai ales \u00een stare de sol -citosol",
            "3. \u00cen apa liber\u0103 se g\u0103sesc dizolvate substan\u0163e anorganice \u015fi organice",
            "4. Granuloplasma con\u0163ine diferite organite celulare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana  celular\u0103 \u015fi peretele celular apare la:",
        "question_number": "46",
        "options": [
            "1.  celule bacteriene \u015fi animale",
            "2.  ciuperci \u015fi alge",
            "3.  eucariote animale \u015fi fungale",
            "4.  bacterii \u015fi alge albastre verzi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Microtubuli exist\u0103 \u00een:",
        "question_number": "47",
        "options": [
            "1.  cili",
            "2.  centrioli",
            "3.  flageli",
            "4.  citoschelet"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen etapele meiozei se formeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "48",
        "options": [
            "1.  dou\u0103 celule diploide",
            "2.  dou\u0103 celule haploide",
            "3.  patru celule diploide",
            "4.  patru celule haploide"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celulele fiice rezultate prin mitoz\u0103 vor avea:",
        "question_number": "49",
        "options": [
            "1.  acela\u015fi set de cromozomi",
            "2.  acela\u015fi num\u0103r de cromozomi",
            "3.  aceea\u015fi cantitate de ADN",
            "4.  2n cromozomi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii bicromatidici exist\u0103 \u00een:",
        "question_number": "50",
        "options": [
            "1.  interfaz\u0103, profaz\u0103, metafaz\u0103",
            "2.  etapa reduc\u0163ional\u0103 a meiozei   5",
            "3.  profaza II, metafaza II",
            "4.  anafaza \u015fi telofaza mitotic\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Incluziunile ergastice:",
        "question_number": "51",
        "options": [
            "1.  sunt produ\u015fi ai  metabolismul celular",
            "2.  sunt prezente la procariote \u015fi eucariote",
            "3.  pot fi organice sau anorganice",
            "4.  se pot depozita \u00een vacuole"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen telofaza I:",
        "question_number": "52",
        "options": [
            "1. la fiecare pol al celulei exist\u0103 un set de cromozomi",
            "2. se \u00eencheie etapa ecva\u0163ional\u0103",
            "3. cromozomii sunt reco mbina\u0163i",
            "4. se formeaz\u0103 doi nuclei diploizi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Meioza:",
        "question_number": "53",
        "options": [
            "1. se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u015fte la majoritatea organismelor eucariote",
            "2. se finalizeaz\u0103 cu formarea celulelor reproduc\u0103toare sexuate la animale",
            "3. duce la formarea celulelor reproduc\u0103toare asexuate la plante",
            "4. este precedat\u0103 de in terfaz\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Glucide sunt :",
        "question_number": "54",
        "options": [
            "1. galactoza \u015fi amidonul",
            "2. celuloza \u015fi hemoglobina",
            "3. chitina \u015fi glicogenul",
            "4. zaharoza \u015fi cheratina"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii recombina\u0163i:",
        "question_number": "55",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt distribui\u0163i \u00een mod egal \u00een game\u0163i",
            "2. con\u0163in informatia genetic\u0103 de la ambii p\u0103rin\u0163i",
            "3. se formeaz\u0103 prin crossing -over",
            "4. se formeaz\u0103 numai \u00een mitoz\u0103"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana mitocondrial\u0103 intern\u0103:",
        "question_number": "56",
        "options": [
            "1. formeaz\u0103 invagin\u0103ri care compartimenteaz\u0103 complet matrixul",
            "2. d\u0103 na\u015ftere la lamele stromatice numite tilacoide",
            "3. con\u0163ine enzime care intervin \u00een respira\u0163ia celular\u0103 a bacteriilor",
            "4. poate form a tubuli care -i m\u0103resc suprafa\u0163a."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Granele:",
        "question_number": "57",
        "options": [
            "1. se formeaz\u0103 prin suprapunerea cristelor",
            "2. con\u0163in pigmen\u0163ii cu rol \u00een fotosintez\u0103",
            "3. caracterizeaz\u0103 toate tipurile de plastide",
            "4. sunt formate din discuri paralele"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "ADN \u015fi ARN:",
        "question_number": "58",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt forma\u0163i din nucleotide",
            "2. au structur \u0103 macromolecular\u0103",
            "3. exist\u0103 \u00een toate celulele",
            "4. se g\u0103sesc \u00een constituen\u0163ii celulari care se divid."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleolii \u015fi ribozomii:",
        "question_number": "59",
        "options": [
            "1. au rol \u00een procese de sintez\u0103",
            "2. sunt de  dimensiuni mici la bacterii",
            "3. se pot observa la microscopul electronic",
            "4. con\u0163in AR N \u015fi ADN"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cilii eucariotelor:",
        "question_number": "60",
        "options": [
            "1. au dimensiuni mai mici dec\u00e2t flagelii",
            "2. adesea, sunt structuri unice",
            "3. au 9 + 1 perechi de microtubuli",
            "4. ca \u015fi centriolii, sunt organite extracelulare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cloroplastele, nucleul si mitocon driile au in comun urmatoarea caracteristica:",
        "question_number": "1",
        "options": [
            "A. nu participa la diviziune",
            "B. contin acizi nucleici",
            "C. sunt organite specific e neuronului",
            "D. sunt prezente in structura celulelor procariote"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Durata interfazei este aproximativ:",
        "question_number": "2",
        "options": [
            "A.50% din durata ciclului cel ular",
            "B. 90% din durata diviziunii celulare",
            "C. jumatate din viata celulei",
            "D.90% din durata ciclului celular"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleul :",
        "question_number": "3",
        "options": [
            "A. este bine reprezentat la celula procariota",
            "B. este centr ul coord onator al tuturor functiilor celulare",
            "C. este dublu in celulele diplo ide",
            "D. isi mentine integritatea in timpul diviziunii celulare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Anafaza  mitotica nu prezinta :",
        "question_number": "4",
        "options": [
            "A. cromozomi monocromatidici",
            "B. fus de diviziune",
            "C. cromozomi bicromatidici",
            "D. cromozomi care migreaza catre polii celulei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Trecerea apei de la o celula la alta in corpul plantei se poate realiza datorita:",
        "question_number": "5",
        "options": [
            "A. plasmolizei",
            "B. turgescentei",
            "C. osmozei",
            "D. transportului activ"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "O celula cu 2n=16 cromozomi prin mitoza va genera :",
        "question_number": "6",
        "options": [
            "A. 2 celule cu 2n=8 cromozomi",
            "B. 4 celule cu n=8 cromozomi",
            "C. 2 celule cu 2n= 16 cr omozomi",
            "D. 2 celule cu n=8 cromozomi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nucleoplasma :",
        "question_number": "7",
        "options": [
            "A. este citoplasma celulelor vegetale",
            "B. este delimitata  de plasmalema",
            "C. este lipsita de nucleoli",
            "D. contine cromatina"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii prezinta condensare maxima in :",
        "question_number": "8",
        "options": [
            "A. anafaza mitozei",
            "B. metafaza",
            "C. profaza I",
            "D. telofaza"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Centrul celular :",
        "question_number": "9",
        "options": [
            "A. este prezent in celulele nervoase",
            "B. contine 1 - 2 nucleoli",
            "C. se mai numeste si centromer",
            "D. poate sa contina  2 centrioli"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ciclul celular cuprinde interfaza si diviziunea propriu -zisa.Alegeti asocierea corecta  :",
        "question_number": "10",
        "options": [
            "A. perioada presintetica \u2013G1- dublarea cantitatii de A RN",
            "B. perioada de sinteza \u2013G2- dublarea cantitatii de ADN",
            "C. interfaza \u2013 citochineza",
            "D. perioada de sinteza \u2013S- dublarea cantitatii de ADN"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Grana :",
        "question_number": "11",
        "options": [
            "A. este prezenta in structura mitocondriilor",
            "B. reprezinta tilacoide asociate si ordonate sub forma unor fisicuri de monede",
            "C. este prezenta in celulele procariote",
            "D. participa la realizarea miscarilor citoplasmatice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Diviziunea ( clivarea) centromerului de la  sfarsitul metafazei  mitotice  are ca rezult at :",
        "question_number": "12",
        "options": [
            "A .formarea cromozomilor bicromatidici",
            "B. unirea cromozomilor omologi",
            "C. formarea cromozomilor monocromatidici",
            "D. formarea a doua celule fiice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Leucoplastele :",
        "question_number": "13",
        "options": [
            "A. con\u0163in clorofil\u0103 \u015fi au rol in fotosintez\u0103",
            "B. con\u0163in pigmen\u0163i galbeni, portocalii \u015fi ro\u015fii",
            "C. sunt prezente \u015fi in celulele animale",
            "D. sunt incolore \u015fi au rol in depozitarea unor substante"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii bivalenti se formeaza:",
        "question_number": "14",
        "options": [
            "A. in profaza mitotica",
            "B. prin imperecherea cromozomilor omologi",
            "C. in profaza II a meiozei",
            "D. prin despartirea tetradelor cromatidice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Invelisul nuclear:",
        "question_number": "15",
        "options": [
            "A. este dublu la bacteri i",
            "B. este prevazut cu pori",
            "C. es te strans legat de peretele cel ular",
            "D. se organizeaza in timpul pr ofazei mitozei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Raportul de segregare fenotipica  in monohibridare :",
        "question_number": "16",
        "options": [
            "A .este de 9:3:3:1",
            "B. este de 1:2:1 in cazul dominantei complete",
            "C . este de 3:1 in cazul semidominantei",
            "D. este de 1:2:1 in cazul semidominantei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sunt organite celulare intalnite la  celula procariota :",
        "question_number": "17",
        "options": [
            "A. cloroplastele",
            "B. nucleolii",
            "C. ribozomii",
            "D. dictiozomii"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Gene letale :",
        "question_number": "18",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt gene care in stare heterozigota determina moartea individului",
            "B. determina caractere superioare individului",
            "C. sunt intalnite la soareci cu blana galben a",
            "D. sunt intalnite la soareci cu blana cenusie"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Turgescenta :",
        "question_number": "19",
        "options": [
            "A. determina desprinderea membranei celulare de peretele celular",
            "B. favorizeaza scaderea volumului celular",
            "C. rezulta in urma cresterii presiunii continutului celular",
            "D. faciliteaza realizar ea transportului activ"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Grupa de sange AB:",
        "question_number": "20",
        "options": [
            "A. este rezultatul interactiunii a doua gene recesive",
            "B. este rezulta tul fenomenului heterozis",
            "C. apare datorita fenomenului de codominanta",
            "D. este o grupa de sange homozigota"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cristele mitocondriale :",
        "question_number": "21",
        "options": [
            "A. se formeaza prin invaginarea membrane i externe a mitocondriilor",
            "B. pot avea forma tubular a sau sferica",
            "C. se formeaza prin invaginarea membrane i interne a mitocondriilor",
            "D. contin matrix"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "In ur ma incrucisarii unei varietati de mazare cu bob neted si galben , caractere dominante,  organism homozigot pentru aceste caractere,  cu o alta varietate de  mazare cu bob zbarcit si verde -caractere recesive  se obtin  in F 2:",
        "question_number": "22",
        "options": [
            "A. 4/16 plante cu bob neted si galben",
            "B. 1/16 plante cu bob zbarcit si galben",
            "C. 4/12 plante cu bob  verde",
            "D. 12/16 plante cu bob galben"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sinteza de polizaharide este realizata de:",
        "question_number": "23",
        "options": [
            "A. dictiozomi",
            "B. membrana plasmatica",
            "C. mitocondrii",
            "D. peretele celular"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Gametii :",
        "question_number": "24",
        "options": [
            "A. se for meaza in urma mitozei",
            "B. contin o pereche de factori ereditari identici , de a ceea sunt  puri genetic",
            "C. sunt heterozigoti",
            "D. contin un singur factor ereditar din pereche"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "In procesul de respi ratie celulara:",
        "question_number": "25",
        "options": [
            "A. se elimina CO 2",
            "B. se sintetizeaza substante organice",
            "C. se produce O 2",
            "D. se consuma energie"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Nu este abatere de la  legile mendeliene ale ereditatii :",
        "question_number": "26",
        "options": [
            "A. semidominanta",
            "B. dominanta completa",
            "C. codominanta",
            "D. dominanta incomplet a"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celula musculara prezinta:",
        "question_number": "27",
        "options": [
            "A. lizozomi si leucocite",
            "B. mitocondrii si cloroplaste",
            "C. reticul endoplasmatic si perete celular",
            "D. ribozomi si aparat Golgi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Telofaza mitozei :",
        "question_number": "28",
        "options": [
            "A. este prima etapa a acestui tip de diviziune",
            "B. este asemanatoare profazei privind reorganizarea membranei nucleare",
            "C. difera de anafaza prin prezenta cromozomilor monocromatidici",
            "D. se caracterizeaza prin decond ensarea treptata a cromozomilor"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celula animala :",
        "question_number": "29",
        "options": [
            "A. prezinta membrana, citoplasma si nucleu",
            "B. se divide prin mitoza, formand gametii",
            "C. contine cloroplaste  si reticul endoplasmatic",
            "D. prezinta membrana, citoplasma si nucleoid"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Tetradele cromatidice  se formeaza in :",
        "question_number": "30",
        "options": [
            "A. profaza mitozei",
            "B. profaza etapei reductionale a meiozei",
            "C. anafaza II",
            "D. profaza II"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Lizozomii :",
        "question_number": "31",
        "options": [
            "1. contin  enzime hidrolitice",
            "2. se gasesc in numa r mare in leucocite",
            "3. distrug particule straine care patrund in celula",
            "4. au o membrana interna ce formeaza pliuri"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Diviziune ecvationala este :",
        "question_number": "32",
        "options": [
            "1. metafaza",
            "2. mitoza",
            "3. meioza I",
            "4. meioza II"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ribozomii sunt situati in/pe :",
        "question_number": "33",
        "options": [
            "1. citoplasma",
            "2. membrana  reticulului endoplasmatic",
            "3. membrana externa a nucleului",
            "4. aparatul Golgi"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Anafaza I se caraterizeaza prin:",
        "question_number": "34",
        "options": [
            "1. are loc migrarea cromozomilor spre cei doi poli ai celulei",
            "2. cromozomii sunt  monocromatidici",
            "3. deplasarea cromozomilor se face prin inte rmediul fusului de diviziune",
            "4. cromozomii prezinta o despiralizare maxima"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Apa se formeaza in urma procesului de respiratie celulara care are loc in:",
        "question_number": "35",
        "options": [
            "1. cloroplaste",
            "2. ribozomi",
            "3. lizozomi",
            "4. mitocondrii"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomi bicromatidici  recombinati sunt in:",
        "question_number": "36",
        "options": [
            "1. anafaza  I",
            "2. anafazaII",
            "3. profaza II",
            "4. telofaza II"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mezozomul :",
        "question_number": "37",
        "options": [
            "1. se produce prin invaginarea membranei nucleare la procariote",
            "2. are rol in ancora rea moleculelor de ATP",
            "3. se produce prin invaginarea membrane i plasmatice la plante",
            "4. are rol in  respiratie la unele bacteri i"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Importanta meiozei consta in  :",
        "question_number": "38",
        "options": [
            "1. asigura variabilitatea organismelor",
            "2. mentine constant  numarul de cromozomi caracteristic speciei",
            "3. permite procesul evolutiei",
            "4. asigura cresterea organismelor pluricelulare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organi te ale celulei eucariote purtatoare de informatie genetica proprie sunt :",
        "question_number": "39",
        "options": [
            "1. plastidele",
            "2. dictiozomii",
            "3. mitocondriile",
            "4. reticulul endoplasmatic"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Interfaza :",
        "question_number": "40",
        "options": [
            "1. are loc intre doua diviziuni celulare succesive",
            "2. cuprinde procese de sinteza si diviziunea  propriu -zisa",
            "3. prezinta o perioada S in care se dubleaza cantitatea de ADN",
            "4. include profaza"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Incluziunile ergastice :",
        "question_number": "41",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt inconjurate de o membrana  plasmatica",
            "2. sunt produsi ai metabolismului celular",
            "3. contin depozite de ATP",
            "4. se afla tempor ar in celule"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Fusul de diviziune :",
        "question_number": "42",
        "options": [
            "1. se organizeaza in profaza",
            "2. este format din filamente contractile",
            "3. se dezorganizeaza in telofaza",
            "4.este prezent in timpul diviziunii prin fragmentare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Contin Mg2+ :",
        "question_number": "43",
        "options": [
            "1. centrozomii",
            "2. ribozomii",
            "3. peretele celular",
            "4. cloroplastele"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Diviziunea citoplasmei  :",
        "question_number": "44",
        "options": [
            "1. are loc dupa formarea nucleilor fii",
            "2. se numeste cariokineza",
            "3. este numita si citokineza",
            "4. are loc in paralel cu profaza diviziunii urmatoare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Granulele lui Palade:",
        "question_number": "45",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt alcatuite din AR N si protein e",
            "2. sunt prezente la procariote si eucariote",
            "3. nu au rol in sinteza glucidelor",
            "4. nu pot fi vazute la microscopul optic"
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "A doua etapa a meiozei :",
        "question_number": "46",
        "options": [
            "1. se finalizeaza cu formarea a 4 celule diploide",
            "2. este o etapa reductionala",
            "3. genereaza c elule somatice",
            "4. cuprinde 4 faze"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celulele procariote:",
        "question_number": "47",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt foarte raspandite  in diferite medii de viata",
            "2. au un nucleu delimitat de o membran a dubla prevazuta cu pori",
            "3. metabolismul lor este mai intens decat al celulelor eucariote",
            "4. prezinta c itoplasma structurata in hialoplasma si citoschelet"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Metafaza II se caracterizeaza prin:",
        "question_number": "48",
        "options": [
            "1. cromozomii bicromatidici se afla in plan ecuatorial",
            "2. cromozomii sunt recombinati",
            "3. despartirea cromatidelor surori la sfarsitul acestei faze",
            "4. cromozomii se  despiralizezeaza"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Aparatul Golgi:",
        "question_number": "49",
        "options": [
            "1. este delimitat de o  membrana dubla",
            "2. contin e ADN, ARN si proteine",
            "3. prezinta enzime oxido -reducatoare",
            "4. nu contin e pigmenti clorofilieni"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Diviziunea amitotica :",
        "question_number": "50",
        "options": [
            "1. este intalnita  la bacterii",
            "2. se caracterizeaz a prin lipsa cromozomilor condensati",
            "3. nu prezinta  fus de diviziune",
            "4. se numeste si cariochineza"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organite cu invelis dublu sunt:",
        "question_number": "51",
        "options": [
            "1. mitocondriile",
            "2. ribozomii",
            "3. nucleul",
            "4. dictiozomii"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mazarea   a fost aleasa de Mendel deoarece  prezint\u0103 urmatoarele  avantaje:",
        "question_number": "52",
        "options": [
            "1. se reproduce prin autopolenizare",
            "2. este o planta autogama",
            "3. se poate realiza o polenizare artificiala incrucisata",
            "4. majoritatea soiurilor folosite in experimente prezinta caractere identice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Vacuolele :",
        "question_number": "53",
        "options": [
            "1. in stari le patologice au aspect granulos",
            "2. sunt delimitate de o membrana simpla",
            "3. contin ADN, ARN si proteine",
            "4. sunt prezente in celula eucariota"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ereditatea :",
        "question_number": "54",
        "options": [
            "1. este o i nsusire fundamentala a organismelor vii",
            "2. se manifesta prin transmiterea caracterelor ereditare de la descendenti la ascendenti",
            "3. explica asemanarea dintre indivizii unei specii",
            "4. este capacitatea organismelor din aceeasi specie de a se deosebi intre ei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Clorofila este localizata in urmatoarele structuri ale cloroplastelor:",
        "question_number": "55",
        "options": [
            "1. matrix",
            "2. stroma",
            "3. ADN",
            "4. grana"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromatina :",
        "question_number": "56",
        "options": [
            "1. este prezenta exclusiv in citoplasma celulei eucariote",
            "2. are aspectul unui \u201csirag de margele \u201c",
            "3. contine numai ARN",
            "4. contine proteine si ADN"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Leucoplastele:",
        "question_number": "57",
        "options": [
            "1. contin clorofila si au rol in fotosinteza",
            "2. au rol in depozitarea unor substante de rezerva",
            "3. sunt prezente si in celulele animale",
            "4. sunt incolore"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Meioza are loc in   :",
        "question_number": "58",
        "options": [
            "1. celula procariota",
            "2. gameti",
            "3. celulele somatice",
            "4. organele reproducatoare"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Proteina este:",
        "question_number": "59",
        "options": [
            "1. actina",
            "2. cheratina",
            "3. albumina",
            "4. chitin a"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Procesul de c rossing -over :",
        "question_number": "60",
        "options": [
            "1. este o recombinare genetica intracromozomala",
            "2. are loc in timpul anafazei II",
            "3. se realize aza prin schimb reciproc de segmente cromatidice intre cromozomii omologi",
            "4. caraterizeaza mitoza"
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala bucuresti",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2013"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plasmalema:",
        "question_number": "1",
        "options": [
            "A.este alc\u0103tuita din celuloz\u0103,hemiceluloza si substante pectice;",
            "B. se mai numeste membran\u0103 celulara ;",
            "C. este alcatuita din 2strat uri de proteine;",
            "D. delimiteaza ribozomii."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cloroplastele:",
        "question_number": "2",
        "options": [
            "A. sunt lipsite de pigmen\u0163i;",
            "B. sunt prezente numai \u00een celula animal\u0103;",
            "C. con\u0163in material genetic propriu;",
            "D. asambleaz\u0103 aminoacizii \u00een proteine."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peretele celular este alc\u0103tuit din:",
        "question_number": "3",
        "options": [
            "A. chitin\u0103 la fungi ;",
            "B. celuloz\u0103 la bacterii ;",
            "C. aleuron\u0103 la alge;",
            "D. murein\u0103 la eucariote."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celulele vegetale depoziteaza glucoza sub forma de:",
        "question_number": "4",
        "options": [
            "A. glicogen ;",
            "B.amidon;",
            "C. chitina;",
            "D.zaharoza."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile:",
        "question_number": "5",
        "options": [
            "A. prezint\u0103 o membran\u0103 extern\u0103  pliat\u0103;",
            "B. con\u0163in numai ARN mitocondrial;",
            "C. elibereaz\u0103 energie, prin procese de oxidare a substan\u0163elor organice;",
            "D. au rol \u00een sinteza proteinelor nucleare."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "La nivelul ribozomilor exist\u0103:",
        "question_number": "6",
        "options": [
            "A. exclusiv catene polipeptidice;",
            "B. ARN \u015fi proteine;",
            "C. exclusiv ARN mesager;",
            "D. trei subunit\u0103\u0163i: mare, mijlocie \u015fi mic\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Transportul activ:",
        "question_number": "7",
        "options": [
            "A. se poate realiza prin difuziune facilitat\u0103;",
            "B. depinde de vacuom;",
            "C. nu necesit\u0103 consum energetic;",
            "D. necesit\u0103 enzime ATP -azice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Polizaharidele din stru ctura organismelor vii sunt:",
        "question_number": "8",
        "options": [
            "A.celuloza din exoscheletul unor animale;",
            "B. chitina ca depozit de glucoza in celulele vegetale;",
            "C. amidonul ca depozit de glucoza in celula vegetala;",
            "D. glicogenul ca depozit de glucoza in celula vegetala."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Principala sursa de energie pentru celule este reprezentata de :",
        "question_number": "9",
        "options": [
            "A. monozaharide ;",
            "B. polizaharide ;",
            "C. lipide;",
            "D. acizi nucleici."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Meioza:",
        "question_number": "10",
        "options": [
            "A. are tetrade \u00een placa ecuatorial\u0103 \u00een metafaza I;",
            "B. este o diviziune directa;",
            "C. se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103 \u00een 3 etape succesiv e;",
            "D. conserva numarul de cromozomi ai celulei mame."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Baza purinica din structura aciziilor nucleici este:",
        "question_number": "11",
        "options": [
            "A. timina;",
            "B. guanina;",
            "C.citozina ;",
            "D. uracilul."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Fenomenul de crossing -over se realizeaz\u0103 \u00een:",
        "question_number": "12",
        "options": [
            "A. anafaza mitozei;",
            "B. metafaza I a m eiozei ;",
            "C. profaza II a meiozei;",
            "D. profaza I a meiozei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celula vegetala se deosebeste de cea animala prin prezenta:",
        "question_number": "13",
        "options": [
            "A. cromozomilor si ribozomilor",
            "B. membranei si a lizozomilor",
            "C. peretelui celular si a cloroplastelor",
            "D. mitocondriilor si  a nucleului."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Enzimele:",
        "question_number": "14",
        "options": [
            "A. au rol de biocatalizatori;",
            "B. au grad redus de specificitate;",
            "C. sunt aminoacizi;",
            "D. nu recunosc substanta specifica."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "ATP:",
        "question_number": "15",
        "options": [
            "A. intra in sructura ADN;",
            "B. intra in structura ARN;",
            "C. prezinta legaturi macroergice;",
            "D. contine un radical fosfat."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana plasmatic\u0103:",
        "question_number": "16",
        "options": [
            "A. este de natur\u0103 glicoproteic\u0103;",
            "B. nu prezinta canale ionice;",
            "C. este un citoschelet proteic;",
            "D. este polarizata electric."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Celulele eucariote:",
        "question_number": "17",
        "options": [
            "A. nu contin ribozomi;",
            "B.contin material gen etic sub forma de nucleoid;",
            "C.contin citoplasma;",
            "D.sunt reprezentative pentru bacterii."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii:",
        "question_number": "18",
        "options": [
            "A. stocheaz\u0103 informa\u0163ia genetic\u0103;",
            "B. au dou\u0103 cromatide diferite din punct de vedere biochimic \u015fi genetic;",
            "C. num\u0103rul de cromozomi nu reprezint\u0103 o ca racteristic\u0103 a speciei;",
            "D. nu sunt alcatuiti din acizi nucleici."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Au \u00eenveli\u015f dublu :",
        "question_number": "19",
        "options": [
            "A. cloroplastele;",
            "B. ribozomii;",
            "C. nucleoidul;",
            "D. nucleolii."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cea mai important\u0103 rezerv\u0103 glucidic\u0103 din celulele vegetale este:",
        "question_number": "20",
        "options": [
            "A. glicogenul;",
            "B. clorofil a;",
            "C. amidonul;",
            "D. celuloza."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cristele mitocondriale:",
        "question_number": "21",
        "options": [
            "A. se formeaz\u0103 prin invaginarea membranei externe a mitocondriilor;",
            "B. se formeaz\u0103 prin invaginarea membranei interne a mitocondriilor;",
            "C. pot avea doar forma sferic\u0103;",
            "D. con\u0163in stroma."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Grana:",
        "question_number": "22",
        "options": [
            "A. este prezent\u0103 \u00een structura mitocondriilor;",
            "B. este o structur\u0103 membranar\u0103;",
            "C. este prezent\u0103 \u00een celulele procariote;",
            "D. particip\u0103 la realizarea mi\u015fc\u0103rilor citoplasmatice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "B",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "George Emil Palade, laureat al premiului Nobel, a descoperit:",
        "question_number": "23",
        "options": [
            "A. mitocodriile;",
            "B. cloroplastele;",
            "C. ribozomii;",
            "D. lizozomii."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Mitocondriile:",
        "question_number": "24",
        "options": [
            "A. stocheaz\u0103 energia \u00een moleculele de ATP;",
            "B. au rol \u00een sinteza proteinelor;",
            "C. au rol \u00een digestia celular\u0103;",
            "D. coordoneaz\u0103 activitatea celular\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "I",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana celular \u0103:",
        "question_number": "25",
        "options": [
            "A. se prezint\u0103 ca un sistem coloidal;",
            "B. are o structur\u0103 polizaharidic\u0103;",
            "C. are permeabilitate selectiv\u0103;",
            "D. delimiteaz\u0103 nucleul celulei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "In telofaza mitozei au loc urm\u0103toarele fenomene :",
        "question_number": "26",
        "options": [
            "A. dispunerea cromozomilor \u00een plan ecuatorial;",
            "B. clivarea longitudinala a cromozomilor;",
            "C. reapar nucleul \u015fi membrana nuclear\u0103;",
            "D. ajung la polii celulei cromozomi bicromatidici ."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "La sf\u00e2r\u015fitul meiozei se formeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "27",
        "options": [
            "A. dou\u0103 celule haploide;",
            "B. dou\u0103 celule diploide;",
            "C. patru celule haploide;",
            "D. patru celule diploide;"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organitele celulare :",
        "question_number": "28",
        "options": [
            "A.protejeaza celula ;",
            "B. controleaza activitatea celulei;",
            "C.reprezinta mediul intracelular;",
            "D.desfasoara functii specifice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen anafaza mitotic\u0103 :",
        "question_number": "29",
        "options": [
            "A. migreaz\u0103 c\u0103tre polii celulei cromozomi monocro matidici;",
            "B. membrana nuclear\u0103 reapare;",
            "C. centrozomul organizeaz\u0103 fusul de diviziune;",
            "D. se formeaz\u0103 membrana celular\u0103 ce va separa celulele fiice."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Materialul genetic:",
        "question_number": "30",
        "options": [
            "A. determina ordinea de inlantuire a aminoacizilor in proteine;",
            "B.realizeaza sc himburi cu mediul extern;",
            "C.este reprezentat de ADN si ARN;",
            "D. este sediul proceselor celulare."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "single-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Ribozomii:",
        "question_number": "31",
        "options": [
            "1. contin enzime hidrolitice;",
            "2. au rol in sintezele proteice;",
            "3. lipsesc din celula vegetala;",
            "4. contin prot eine si ARN."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Crossing - over - ul:",
        "question_number": "32",
        "options": [
            "1. are loc in profaza II a meiozei",
            "2. are loc in profaza I a meiozei",
            "3. reprezinta o recombinare intercromozomiala",
            "4. reprezinta o recombinare intracromozomiala"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cromozomii sunt bicromatidici in:",
        "question_number": "33",
        "options": [
            "1. anafaza I a meiozei",
            "2. metafaza II a meiozei",
            "3. metafaza mitozei",
            "4. anafaza II a meiozei"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Proteinele din membrana celulara:",
        "question_number": "34",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt dispuse in doua straturi",
            "2. participa la transportul activ",
            "3.sunt dispuse sub forma unui strat bimolecular",
            "4.par ticipa la transportul substantelor prin membrana"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Vacuolele:",
        "question_number": "35",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt m\u0103rginite de tonoplast",
            "2. sunt structuri permanente \u00een celulele vegetale",
            "3. pot depozita substan\u0163e de rezerv\u0103 \u015fi nutrienti",
            "4. con\u0163in ARN plastidial si enzime implicate in bios inteze"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Tipurile de transport membranar fara consum de energie sunt:",
        "question_number": "36",
        "options": [
            "1.exocitoza",
            "2. osmoza",
            "3. endocitoza",
            "4. difuzia"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Cloroplastele fac parte din:",
        "question_number": "37",
        "options": [
            "1. condriozom",
            "2. vacuom",
            "3. mezozom",
            "4. plastidom"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Matricea mitocondriala contine:",
        "question_number": "38",
        "options": [
            "1. ADN",
            "2. ARN",
            "3. ribozomi",
            "4. o membrana interna cutata"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Totalitatea \u00eensu\u015firilor unui organism reprezinta:",
        "question_number": "39",
        "options": [
            "1. genotipul",
            "2. genofondul",
            "3. centromerul",
            "4. fenotipul"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Organite celulare specifice unor celule sunt:",
        "question_number": "40",
        "options": [
            "1.ribozomii",
            "2. neuro fribrilele",
            "3. mitocondriile",
            "4.miofibrilele"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Pozitia ocupata de gena in cromozom se numeste:",
        "question_number": "41",
        "options": [
            "1. segregare",
            "2. mezozom",
            "3. linkage",
            "4. locus"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Citosolul :",
        "question_number": "42",
        "options": [
            "1.este opac",
            "2. prezinta o retea complexa de fibre lipidice",
            "3. nu are organizare str ucturala",
            "4. prezinta curenti citoplasmatici"
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Citoplasma contine :",
        "question_number": "43",
        "options": [
            "1. citosol",
            "2. organite celulare",
            "3.incluziuni citoplasmatice",
            "4. nucleoid"
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Plastidele nefotosintetizatoare sunt:",
        "question_number": "44",
        "options": [
            "1. rodoplastele",
            "2. cromoplastele",
            "3. feoplastele",
            "4. leucoplastele"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Rolul ribozomilor:",
        "question_number": "45",
        "options": [
            "1. digestia intracelulara",
            "2. sinteza proteinelor celulare",
            "3.detoxifierea celulei",
            "4.sinteza catenelor polipeptidice"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen telofaza mitotic\u0103:",
        "question_number": "46",
        "options": [
            "1. cromozomii omologi se cupleaz\u0103 \u00een bivalen\u0163i;",
            "2. are loc schimbul de segmente cromo zomiale \u00eentre omologi;",
            "3. apare evident fenomenul de clivaj;",
            "4. dispare fusul nuclear."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Aparatul Golgi:",
        "question_number": "47",
        "options": [
            "1. prezint\u0103 membran\u0103 dubl\u0103 ;",
            "2.este format din dictiozomi ;",
            "3. prezint\u0103 enzime respiratorii;",
            "4. produce secretii celulare."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "\u00cen profaza mitotic\u0103 au loc urm\u0103toarele fenomene:",
        "question_number": "48",
        "options": [
            "1. centrozomul organizeaz\u0103 fusul de diviziune;",
            "2. membrana nuclear\u0103 \u015fi nucleolii se dezorganizeaz\u0103;",
            "3. filamentele de cromatin\u0103 se condenseaz\u0103 form\u00e2nd cromozomi ;",
            "4. cromozomii se dispun \u00een placa ecuatorial\u0103."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Crossing -overul reprezint\u0103:",
        "question_number": "49",
        "options": [
            "1. schimb reciproc de gene intre cromozomii neomologi;",
            "2. schimb reciproc de gene intre cromozomii omologi;",
            "3. are loc in anafaza mitozei;",
            "4. duce la formarea cromozomilor recombina\u0163i."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Peroxizomii:",
        "question_number": "50",
        "options": [
            "1. deriva din vacu ole;",
            "2. deriva din reticulul endoplasmatic;",
            "3. au rol in transportul intracelular;",
            "4. contine enzime detoxifiante."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Elementele comune mitozei \u015fi meiozei sunt:",
        "question_number": "51",
        "options": [
            "1. num\u0103rul de cromozomi din celulele fiice;",
            "2. cromozomii bicromatidici de la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul  diviziunii;",
            "3. tetradele cromozomale din placa metafazic\u0103;",
            "4. fusul de diviziune."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Leucoplastele:",
        "question_number": "52",
        "options": [
            "1. sunt plastide incolore;",
            "2. depoziteaza substante nutritive;",
            "3.sunt prezente in radacini;",
            "4. sunt implicate in fotosinteza."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sunt formate di n proteine contractile:",
        "question_number": "53",
        "options": [
            "1. membrana celular\u0103;",
            "2. cloroplastele;",
            "3. peretele celular;",
            "4. fibrele fusului de diviziune."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Clorofila:",
        "question_number": "54",
        "options": [
            "1.coloreaza cromoplastele in verde",
            "2. este un pigment fotosintetizant;",
            "3.coloreaza cloroplastele in galben",
            "4.este si tuata pe tilacoide"
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Sunt celule binucleate :",
        "question_number": "55",
        "options": [
            "1. eritrocitele adulte ;",
            "2. celulele musculare striate ;",
            "3.celulele musculare netede ;",
            "4.hepatocitele."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Procentul crossing -over-ului:",
        "question_number": "56",
        "options": [
            "1. Este cu at\u00e2t mai mare cu c\u00e2t distan\u0163a dintre gene este mai mi c\u0103;",
            "2. Este cu at\u00e2t mai mare cu c\u00e2t distan\u0163a dintre gene este mai mare;",
            "3. Depinde de genele antrenate \u00een schimb;",
            "4. Cre\u015fte propor\u0163ional cu distan\u0163a dintre gene."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Citoplasma celulelor:",
        "question_number": "57",
        "options": [
            "1. Este o materie cristalizat\u0103;",
            "2. La exterior este delimitat \u0103 de peretele celular;",
            "3. Se afl\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna \u00een starea de sol;",
            "4. Este un sistem coloidal."
        ],
        "right_answer": "D",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Reticulul endoplasmatic:",
        "question_number": "58",
        "options": [
            "1. Poate fi neted sau rugos;",
            "2. Este uneori \u00eenso\u0163it de ribozomi;",
            "3. Asigur\u0103 circula\u0163ia intracitoplasmatic\u0103;",
            "4. Are rol \u00een elabo rarea produ\u015filor de secre\u0163ie."
        ],
        "right_answer": "A",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "Membrana celular\u0103:",
        "question_number": "59",
        "options": [
            "1. este de natur\u0103 lipoproteic\u0103;",
            "2. este semipermeabil\u0103;",
            "3. este polarizat\u0103 electric;",
            "4. prezint\u0103 alc\u0103tuire caracterizat\u0103 prin modelul \u201emozaicului fluid\u201d."
        ],
        "right_answer": "E",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    },
    {
        "question": "A\u015fezarea cromozomilor la ecuatoru l fusului de diviziune se realizeaz\u0103:",
        "question_number": "60",
        "options": [
            "1. \u00cen anafaza etapei reduc\u0163ionale;",
            "2. \u00cen metafaza diviziunii mitotice;",
            "3. \u00cen anafaza mitozei \u015fi meiozei;",
            "4. \u00cen metafaza I \u015fi metafaza II a meiozei."
        ],
        "right_answer": "C",
        "type": "multiple-choice",
        "grade": "IX",
        "stage": "locala arad",
        "task": "teoretic",
        "year": "2014"
    }
]