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Beth Israel Medical Center, NY Ricardo Cruciani, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Beth Israel Medical Center Hi, my name is Ricardo Cruciani, I'm an M.D. and Ph.D., a pain specialist and I'm the Vice Chairman and Director of the Research Division at the Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care, Beth Israel Medical Center. I'd like to take this opportunity to discuss with you some of the research projects that we are conducting in our department right now. As you can tell from the name of the department, we do mostly pain and palliative care. So those are the big areas where we are conducting all our research. Pain, it can be acute pain or can be chronic pain. Within chronic pain, it can be cancer pain or non-cancer pain, for example, osteoarthritis or rheumatoid arthritis. The type of studies that we do, it could be with opioids or without opioids. In general, as a concept, all these medications can be used either in one disorder or the other. What we do is we look, what are the best doses, what are the best drug combinations, what are the side effects, how to work with the side effects. We have at any given time about 15 studies going on. If you are interested in knowing more about the type of research that we are doing please contact us at Beth Israel Medical Center, Department of Pain Medicine and Palliative Care. Thank you. -- This embed didnt make it to copy for story id = 4593238. Section 1: OverviewSection 2: Diagnosing PainSection 3: Treating PainSection 4: Common Pain Problems Related Topics: Body Aches And Pains, Arthritis, Opioids, Autoimmune Diseases, Rheumatism

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abcnews.go.com

How to Conquer Recession Depression Oct. 7, 2008 By KATE BARRETT Listen in at a coffee shop, stop a stranger on the street or strike up a conversation at the bus stop and you'll likely hear a story like Marie Moore's. Struggling to pay her bills and concerned about her husband's prolonged unemployment, the 31-year-old human resources assistant said the recession is taking an emotional toll. "I stay up worrying and not being able to sleep very well, I'm constantly thinking," Moore told ABCNews.com. "He kind of tends to shut down a bit and sleep a lot." The Moores' story is not unusual. The couple moved from Harrisburg, Pa., to Danville, Pa., during the summer for a job opportunity, but Moore's husband was laid off shortly thereafter when his employer restructured. Today, the former general manager of a banquet facility finds himself in a situation he's never faced before as he waits tables and looks for work. "I try not to skip my credit card bills, but the electric right now is three months' late. The telephone is two months' late," Moore said. When Mental Health Plummets With the Stock Market With the stock market plunging and Americans losing their homes and jobs, it's no surprise that mental health can take a nose-dive as well. In tough economic times, hopelessness and depression can encroach on our energy and optimism. "It isn't your normal kind of recession, which makes it more fearful and it paralyzes people," said Harvey Brenner, a public health professor at the University of North Texas Health Science Center, who has long studied the relationship between mental health and recession. Brenner also said suicide rates can almost become economic indicators. In Virginia, a suicide hot line said suicide-related calls in July and August were up 62 percent from the same time last year. Though the hot line's operators said the rise is not all due to the economy, call logs indicate that's part of what's going on. Crisis hot lines around the country have reported recent increases of people concerned about their finances. ComPsych, the largest provider of employee assistance programs, said calls from people asking for help because of stress from financial problems jumped 21 percent in July 2008, from a year earlier. ValueOptions, which also runs employee assistance programs, said people calling to ask for help with financial problems have jumped 89 percent. "I think the general tone is this sense of despondency," Marlene Zetzer, a psychiatrist from St. Simons Island, Ga., told ABCNews.com this week. "Most people are kind of feeling just a little discouraged and helpless, overwhelmed at what the next step is. They don't know what's going on." Zetzer, who consults patients in the southwest Georgia health system, said that during the last six months, she's noticed an exponential increase in the number of people who immediately bring up their financial stress, even before they refer to the medical conditions that brought them to the hospital. She said the doctors and nurses she works with are also feeling the blues. But for those whose finances and lack of job stability are the root of their concerns, it can be exceedingly difficult to pay for the health-care resources that could help them pull through. In Atlanta, psychologist Erik Fisher said a lot of people who have money stress can't afford therapy. And other patients have had to cut back on their sessions to save money. Americans' Financial Pain Is All in the FamilyAmerica: Living Beyond Our MeansProtecting Your MoneyFinancial Stress: How Bad Can It Get? Related Topics: Mental Health, Economic Depression, Recession, Depression, Public Health, Health Care, Job Losses

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abcnews.go.com

Live PHOTOS: Tattoos in the military Tale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body Ink David, who asked that is face not be shown because he is with Special Operations, has his left arm almost entirely covered in tattoos. The designs include rays of light, angels and religious parables about the narrow and wide gates to heaven and hell. Tale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkDavid, who asked that is face not be shown because he is with Special Operations, has his left arm almost entirely covered in tattoos. The designs include rays of light, angels and religious parables about the narrow and wide gates to heaven and hell.ABC NewsTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkDavid, 26, received his first tattoo when he was 18. He had it covered up with this large cross, which was created to look like it was carved in "old worn wood."ABC NewsTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkRob Laffery, 35, is a tattoo artist at Performance Tattoo in Fayetteville, N.C., and knows where the sensitive spots are for his needle. He had one spot marked on his own wrist. "Yeah, that was a painful spot," he deadpanned. ABC NewsTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkJeffrey York, a veteran of the Afghan war who is currently assigned to Ft. Bragg, says he wears this statement from Theodore Roosevelt on his leg because it's about "people on the outside judging without being in the arena." ABC NewsTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body Ink"As my travel and experiences grew, the tattoos grew with them," says Ray, another soldier who's in Special Operations. The burning sun represents life and the tree without leaves represents death. Ray said he saw this tree -- a "perfect tree in the middle of Baghdad" -- and the Kurdish writing below it translates to "I make my living by my weapons."ABC NewsTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkRob Laffery tattoos soldiers at Performance Tattoo in Fayetteville, N.C., which is close to Ft. Bragg. Trends come and go, and lately "zombies are big," he said. He's been tattooing tribal prints for 18 years.ABC NewsTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkAmy Smith, 29, is currently based at Ft. Bragg and has been in the Army for four years. "No place I've been [stationed] has winters so I'm bringing the snow with me," said the native of upstate New York referring to the large blue and black snowflakes tattooed across her back. Smith described the two colorful patterns on her arm as "two finials of fire and smoke--the ying and yang." Karen Russo/ABCTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body Ink"I wanted my family tattooed on me, but I didn't want a list of names," saidChristina Dion, 33, public affairs specialist at Bagram Airfield, Afghanistan. So she tattooed the Chinese zodiac characters of her three children's birth years (the years of the snake, ox and goat) onto her back. "They're my everything. They're it. The hard work, determination, motivation and drive. The suck-it-up attitude because I don't want them to have to suck it up. I didn't have the easiest life. I don't want them to grow up like I did."Karen Russo/ABC Tale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkRob Laffery, 35, tattoos soldiers at Performance Tattoo in Fayetteville, N.C., which is close to Ft. Bragg. Trends come and go. Nowadays "zombies are big," he said. "Ouch" is tattooed on his inner wrist: "Yeah that was a painful spot," he deadpanned. Karen Russo/ABCTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkA soldier who did not want his face shown or be identified beyond his first name of Zach because he is in a special operations had his daughter's feet photocopied from her birth certificate and tattooed onto his arm. "So if I'm not around my family I have a piece of them with me," the 23-year-old soldier from Ashville, N.C., said. Karen Russo/ABCTale of the Tat: U.S. Military Body InkZach also paid homage to his wife on his arm. "She has a classic beauty to me and I wanted to represent that in a pin-up... And she's so firey. That's why she's on the ammo and the big ol bomb. She's my bombshell," he said smiling.

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abcnews.go.com

Protests in Turkey Chaos in Istanbul Erdem Gunduz stands in a silent protest at Taksim Square in Istanbul, June 18, 2013. Gunduz staged an eight-hour silent vigil in Taksim Square, scene of violent clashes between police and anti-government protesters in recent weeks, inspiring hundreds of others to follow his lead. Gunduz said he wanted to take a stand against police stopping demonstrations near the square. Marko Djurica/Reuters Chaos in IstanbulErdem Gunduz stands in a silent protest at Taksim Square in Istanbul, June 18, 2013. Gunduz staged an eight-hour silent vigil in Taksim Square, scene of violent clashes between police and anti-government protesters in recent weeks, inspiring hundreds of others to follow his lead. Gunduz said he wanted to take a stand against police stopping demonstrations near the square. Marko Djurica/ReutersChaos in IstanbulTurkish choreographer Erdem Gunduz, center, stands in Taksim square, June 18, 2013. The man stood for several hours unnoticed before his presence on the flashpoint square went viral on the social network Twitter. He was then joined by hundreds of others who in solidarity decided to join his protest by also standing silently.Marco Longari/AFP/Getty Images

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abcnews.go.com

Live Home> International Reporter's Notebook: One Face From Tahrir Square, Cairo CAIRO, Feb. 3, 2011 By DAVID MUIR David Muir More from David » Weekend Anchor, "World News" Follow @DavidMuir Sherief Gaberf shows his injuries after being struck in the face by pro-Mubarak forces in Cairo's Tahrir Square, Feb. 2, 2011. He left his studies at the University of Texas to travel to Egypt this week and check on his grandmother and join his friends in protest. Courtesy Sherief Gaber As so many people tried to get out of Egypt this week, we traveled to Cairo Tuesday on a nearly empty flight. In the back of the plane, there was a young man from Texas who'd told his university professors that he just had to get home. "I have some family there, and I want to check on grandma," Sherief Gaber said. For Complete Coverage of the Crisis in Egypt, Featuring Exclusive Reporting From Christiane Amanpour, Click Here When our plane landed, Gaber asked us for a ride from the airport, explaining that he had tried to get word to his grandmother and wasn't even sure if she knew he was coming. On the highway into town, we passed lone cars braving the streets well past curfew time. There were flashing lights, and then the stops -- checkpoints enforced by a citizen's army that had taken hold here. Neighbors have armed themselves with guns and bats, stopping cars to check IDs and passports. "I think everyone got afraid of the looting, and so they took to the streets themselves," Gaber said. "You've never seen anything like this?" I asked him. "Never, anywhere," he said. In Climate of Fear, Citizens Set Up Checkpoints We were stopped more than a dozen times before we finally reached Gaber's grandmother's home. We followed Gaber as he made his way through a familiar iron gate and pressed the buzzer. "Nonna? It's Sherief," he said. As we made our way up the stairs, frightened neighbors began shouting from their balconies: Who are you, and who are you here to see? When we reached Gaber's grandmother's door, she saw her grandson and greeted him with a giant hug. She welcomed the crew from America into her house, too. Just a short time later, our visit was interrupted by a man who barged in carrying a gun. It was a neighbor, checking up on the grandmother. Gaber Involved in Clash in Cairo's Tahrir Square "Has this been a difficult time for Egypt?" I asked the grandmother. "Very, very," she said. "I can't open or anything. You can't open the door. You act like you're not here. You pretend like you're not home." Her grandson's visit brought a smile, but he told her he wanted to meet up with friends who had marched in protest that day and were still together that night. Before leaving, Gaber gave his grandma a kiss goodbye. Today, we heard from Gaber again. He'd e-mailed a photo of himself, his face battered and bloody, but still bearing an unmistakable smile. He told us that he had gone with his friends to Tahrir Square, the epicenter of clashes between anti-Mubarak protesters and crowds who support the embattled president, Tuesday night, . Gaber told us that he was on the fringe of the square when he was attacked, struck in the face with a stone by a pro-Mubarak demonstrator. The young man who'd come to Egypt to check on his grandmother was now being cared for by his family. He said he wouldn't go back out again tonight. Click here to return to the "World News" page. Crisis in Egypt: Christiane Amanpour Reports - Complete CoverageObama: Egypt Change Should Begin 'Now' PHOTOS: Egypt: Images of Turmoil PHOTOS: Satellite Images of Egyptian MilitaryMubarak's 30-Year Reign EndsThe Egyptian People Celebrate Related Topics: Tahrir (Liberty) Square, Egypt Protests, Christiane Amanpour

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abcnews.go.com

Home Baltimore News Baltimore News Baltimore Gas&Electric (BG&E), Potomac Electric Power Co. (PEPCO), and Delmarva Power Co. (Courtesy Image) Md. Gives Customers a Break on Utility Cutoffs BALTIMORE (AP) — The Maryland Public Service Commission says utility customers are getting a break after an unusually cold winter.more Previous 30 Articles Headlines April 12, 2014 - OWINGS MILLS, Md. (AP) — Baltimore County police say a man is dead after FBI agents opened fire on the person in a busy shopping area in Owings Mills.more Ralph Matthews, Jr. Former AFRO Managing Editor, 86 by Sean Yoes April 11, 2014 - Ralph Dawson Matthews Jr., a top-flight journalist who followed in the footsteps of his father as a managing editor of the AFRO American Newspapers, was a friend to Malcolm X and Miles Davis, among others. He died on April 3 at the Adelphi House, an assisted-living facility in Adelphi, Md. He was 86 years old.more Baltimore’s Douglass High Principal Faces Federal Prison for Stealing Food Funds April 11, 2014 - Antonio T. Hurt, Frederick Douglass High School principal who made national headlines for a dramatic turnaround of the drop-out and suspension-plagued West Baltimore school, pleaded guilty April 10 to stealing nearly $2 million in federal money intended for breakfast and lunch for poor children.more Christopher’s Law Finally Passed This Year April 09, 2014 - Christopher's Law was passed by the Maryland General Assembly and is awaiting the governor's signature. The legislation requires police officers to be trained in CPR, cultural sensitivity, the proper use of force, and interacting with the physically and mentally disabled. "This is an umbrella of protection," said Chris Brown, 40, for whose son the bill (HB0294/ SB0542) was named.more Chuck Stone, Former AFRO Editor, Civil Rights Journalist April 09, 2014 - The journalism fraternity is mourning the loss of a veteran newsman, multi-Pulitzer Prize nominee, journalism professor and founder of the National Association of Black Journalists Charles Sumner “Chuck” Stone Jr., who died April 6 at an assisted-living facility in North Carolina at the age of 89.more BLESSING OF THE CITY April 09, 2014 - Baltimore’s Mayor, Stephanie Rawlings Blake and other political leaders and will be in attendance at the 11th annual ecumenical Palm Sunday event. more Eta Phi Beta Charters Epsilon Epsilon Chapter in Maryland April 09, 2014 - On March 30, Eta Phi Beta Sorority, Epsilon Epsilon Chapter was chartered at a luncheon at the DoubleTree By Hilton Hotel in Pikesville, Md.more Pumpkin Theatre presents 'Jack & The Beanstalk - The Story of Jack and Daisy' April 09, 2014 - Pumpkin Theatre continues its 46th season, “Discovering New Friendships Through Familiar Tales,” with Jack & The Beanstalk - The Story of Jack and Daisy. more The Resurrection of State Center April 09, 2014 - Many argue a large swath of Old West Baltimore –once one of the most vibrant Black communities in America – was dissected and diminished by the city’s attempts at urban renewal from the 1950’s to the early 1970’s. Now the State Center Project some say once the sight of failed public policy hopes to breathe new life into some West Baltimore neighborhoods.more Previous 30 Articles NEWS

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afro.com

Black Church ‘Keeper of the Flame’ Gala to Celebrate Obama Second Inauguration by AFRO Staff African American Church Inaugural Ball (Courtesy Image) WASHINGTON, D.C. -- The leaders of African American churches will, once again, convene in Washington, D.C. on Inauguration Weekend to commemorate one of the most extraordinary events in American history – the second term and inauguration of President Obama, America’s first president of African descent. In an inaugural ball to be held Jan. 20, the gala celebration will mark the historic event and honor the Keepers of the Flame recipients, individuals whose lifetime achievements and contributions to society and culture have contributed to the realization of this moment in time. “For certain, the African American Church must mark this moment with great pride, honor and power. For today, we stand on the shoulders of so many who bled and died for this moment of witness, of which we consecrate with our joy and commitment to continue to fight for equality and justice for all,” according to the organizers’ mission statement on the African American Church Inaugural Ball website. The ball, to be held at the Grand Hyatt Washington, is a sequel to the premiere event in 2009 and will feature leaders from the religious, civic, business, arts, and entertainment communities. Themed, “Lift Every Voice and Sing,” the ball will honor those leaders with the “2013 Keepers of the Flame” Award. The recipients are individuals who have sustained an unshakable commitment to our future and who have earned an undeniable place in the African American book of history. Confirmed honorees include: Muhammad Ali; Bishop George E. Battle, Jr.; Bishop Philip R. Cousin, Sr.; Andraé Crouch; Ed Dwight; Joycelyn Elders, MD; Bishop William H. Graves, Sr.; Rev. Dr. Cynthia Hale; Hugh Masekela; Rev. Dr. Otis J. Moss, Jr.; Jessye Norman; Beny Primm, MD, and Cicely Tyson. Other honorees to be confirmed include: The Honorable Andrew Young, Hon. William J. Clinton, Ruby Dee, Aretha Franklin, Rev. Dr. Cain Hope Felder, Rev. Dr. Katie Cannon, and Dr. Vernon J. Jordan, Sr. In 2009, distinguished honorees included: Dr. Maya Angelou, Donna Brazile, Dr. Johnnetta B. Cole, Dr. Marian Wright Edelman, Dr. John Hope Franklin, Earl Graves, Sr., Rev. Dr. William H. Gray, III, Bishop Barbara Harris, Dr. Dorothy I. Height, The Honorable Alexis Herman, Rev. Dr. Benjamin Hooks, Congressman John Lewis, Rev. Joseph Lowery, Marc Morial, Rev. Al Sharpton, Rev. Gardner Taylor, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, and Rev. Wyatt Tee Walker Sr. “This inauguration is an extraordinary mark in American history, punctuated by those who so gallantly served so we could see such a time,” said Rev. Dr. W. Franklyn Richardson, II, Inaugural Ball Chair and pastor of Grace Baptist Church, Mt. Vernon, NY. “This is certainly a time when the African American church community can be proud of its contributions to this great country and honor the work that has been done and those who have made an indelible footprint in the sands of history.” The executive producer is Pernessa Seele, founder and CEO of The Balm In Gilead, Inc., the gala’s fundraising beneficiary. The Balm In Gilead, a nonprofit, international organization, is committed to a dynamic, community-driven approach, contributing a lasting response to health disparities and ensuring that African Americans will become fully knowledgeable about the Affordable Care Act. “This African American Church Inaugural Ball not only celebrates history and President Obama’s second term, it also honors the work that he has enacted, such as The Affordable Care Act, an essential tool for decreasing the rates of preventable diseases in African American communities,” Seele said in a statement. For more information on the African American Church Inaugural Ball, visit www.AACIB.org. For more information on Pernessa Seele and The Balm In Gilead, visit www.balmingilead.org. The Media should contact UniWorld Group, Inc. – Teresa Lyles Holmes, (212) 219-7239, teresa.holmes@uwgny.com; or Camille Gray, (212) 219-7121, Camille.Gray@uwgny.com.

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/17

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afro.com

Moretti Fine Art shows fine works by Italian masters in Shanghai for the first time The Master of Memphis (Florence, active c.1500-1510), The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist and two shepherds. Oil on panel, diameter: 112 cm. SHANGHAI.- Exhibiting at the Shanghai Fine Jewellery and Art Fair (Stand G5) at the Shanghai Exhibition Center (SEC), China, from 3 to 11 November 2012 for the first time, Moretti Fine Art presents fine works by masters of the Italian Renaissance and other periods to this new and exciting market. One of the highlights is a Florentine tondo, depicting The Holy Family with the Infant Saint John the Baptist and two shepherds by The Master of Memphis (active c.1500-1510). When this panel appeared at auction in 1961 it was catalogued as by Filippino Lippi (c.1457-1504), son and pupil of Fra Filippo Lippi (c.1406-1459), but scholars, including Everett Fahy, Jonathan Nelson and Patrizia Zambrano, have subsequently attributed this tender devotional image to the anonymous Master of Memphis. The latter, an unidentified assistant to Filippino, has been dubbed the Master of Memphis after a work in the collection of the Brooks Museum of Art, Memphis, Tennessee. His paintings can be identified by the characteristically long and slender fingers and toes of his figures, their rather abrupt gestures and voluminous drapery, with numerous folds and pleats, all of which are evident in this work. This tondo is similar to works attributed to Filippino himself, and thus also demonstrates the influence of Fra Filippo Lippi and Botticelli. There is a particular, obvious delight in the details of the landscape in the background, the tiny plants and grasses in the foreground as well as the hazy blue mountains and towers of the town in the distance that is typical of Filippino. Astronomy was a science associated in antiquity with Urania, one of the nine Muses whose task it was ‘to measure the heavens and consider the measurements of their movements’. An Allegory of Astronomy by Giovanni Martinelli (1600-1659) is one of a series of four canvases, executed by the artist for the Rospigliosi family, dedicated to the arts of the Trivium and the Quadrivium (Architecture, Astronomy, Geometry and Painting). Martinelli was one of a number of artists of the Italian Seicento who painted allegorical works of rare elegance. Dating to the 1650s, this work was executed at a late stage in Martinelli’s career. Inexplicably ignored by contemporary biographers and other old sources, Martinelli finally received the acknowledgement he deserves last year, on the 500th anniversary of his birth, when he was the subject of a monograph with essays dedicated to various aspects of his brilliant canvases and frescoes, both sacred and profane, as well as a small exhibition in his native town of Arezzo. Today's News Zentrum Paul Klee brings together 85 depictions of angels in Klee's work for new exhibition Property from a distinguished private collection highlights Christie's Sales of Antiquities and Old Masters Paintings First Bay Area museum overview of Jasper Johns's work in 35 years opens at SFMOMA Tate announces new acquisitions of modern and contemporary African art and related programme Exhibition of new work by celebrated British artist Phyllida Barlow opens at Hauser & Wirth in New York New Works: Paintings by Carole Bayer Sager on view at William Turner Gallery in Santa Monica Installation at The Royal Ontario Museum highlights objects that are BIG Leading auction house Saffronart announces first sale by an Indian auction house of Pakistani art China's painful past displayed under political shadow in businessman Fan Jianchuan's six museums RSL's Dec. 1 auction features Allen Liffman lifetime collection of black Americana Third solo show for the Scottish artist John Byrne opens at The Fine Art Society in London A solo exhibition of Syrian artist Khaled Takreti opens at Ayyam Gallery in Dubai India's effigy sculptors turn to human memorial statues Comprehensive exhibition of Azerbaijani contemporary art opens at me Collectors Room Berlin Exhibition brings together work by a group of artists who have travelled to and spent time in the Gal�pagos Sharon Lockhart re-animates the extraordinary work of Israeli dance composer and textile artist Noa Eshkol Museum of Glass presents Ray Turner: Population, exhibition of portraits on glass Grosvenor House Apartments by Jumeirah Living hosts acclaimed art collection from Mark Humphrey

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artdaily.com

Obituaries 10-25-2011 October 25, 2011By Beacon Hill Times Staff Barbara Livingston Hally Contributing writer for Beacon Hill Times Barbara Livingston Hally of Boston died on October 18. She was 93 years old. Born to Mary Bolles Livingston and Harry Angus Livingston in Jamaica Plain, she was the loving widow of the late John R. Hally, Esquire. Mrs. Hally was a graduate of Holyoke High School and received an associate’s degree from Becker College in Worcester. During World War II, Mrs. Hally was assigned to Westover Air Force Base in Chicopee as confidential secretary to the base commander. She was executive secretary to the late Erwin N. Griswold, former dean of the Harvard Law School, from 1946 to 1952. Mrs. Hally was an accomplished painter who exhibited her work at the Boston Athenæum and was a member of the Wellesley Artist Society in the town where she lived for 23 years. She was also a contributor to various charities and wrote about life on Beacon Hill, where she lived in her later years, for the Beacon Hill Times.

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beaconhilltimes.com

Nothing "Is What It Is" Question: Which will come first, the completion of the Second Avenue Subway or the next Mets World Series victory? Christine Quinn: Well I can’t actually answer that question honestly because my father is 84, and he remembers the day his mother sent him and his brother out of the apartment to go watch the men who were going to build them a new subway. And he has claimed he is not going to die until he gets to ride the Second Avenue Subway. So, I might, you know, I have a slightly skewed allegiance as it relates to the finishing of the Second Avenue Subway. Question: What idea has most inspired you? Christine Quinn: You know, when I was a kid, I read every biography in my school library about a political leader or a famous woman. And the idea in all of those books were that you could change things was that, you know, everyone uses this phrase nowadays, “it is what it is.” I hate that phrase. Nothing "is what it is." Things can always change to what we want them to be and to be better. And as a kid that’s the idea I got out of those books. That people can change things and people can make situations that aren’t good, better. And to me that is the only real idea that matters. Question: Who is the greatest or most inspiring New Yorker of all time? Christine Quinn: Probably the greatest or most inspiring New Yorker of all time would be Franklin Delano Roosevelt. His wife a close second. Recorded on October 28, 2010 Interviewed by Andrew Dermont Directed & Produced by Jonathan Fowler More ideas from Christine Quinn Fueling New York’s Jobs Engine, One Restaurant at a Time How Marginalized Communities Can Take the Lead How to Keep New York City Inclusive and Affordable by Christine Quinn Speaker Quinn is most inspired by the idea that individuals can make a difference.

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bigthink.com

| | Voices Home Gordon Brown hails education as the best anti-poverty program Submitted by Kavita Watsa On Mon, 09/20/2010 Tweet WidgetGoogle Plus OneLinkedin Share Button1 Comment This morning, 69 million children would not have gone to school around the world. And of those who did, many did not learn what they should have. It is a good thing that education has such energetic champions as Queen Rania of Jordan and Gordon Brown, former UK Prime Minister, both of whom made strong statements today in New York in support of universal access to good-quality education. “I have one goal—to advocate that every child receives a quality education,” said Queen Rania, who is the co-founder and co-chair of 1Goal , a campaign that was founded with the objective of ensuring that education for all would be a lasting impact of the 2010 FIFA World Cup. Gordon Brown spoke of education as the best anti-poverty and anti-deprivation program, speaking of successes he had seen recently in Africa. “In Kenya, I saw first-hand the benefit for free education for all,” he said, “There were 1 million children standing in queues waiting to be enrolled.” Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala, Managing Director at the World Bank noted that the International Development Association (IDA) had just pledged an additional $750 million for education over the next five years for countries off-track, especially those in Sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia. “These additional resources will be used to improve access to good quality schools, for girls’ scholarships, for conditional cash transfers, for grants to schools—these are proven interventions that are producing results,” she said. “We know what works and so we are scaling up.” The current Secretary for International Development in the UK, Andrew Mitchell, emphasized that both “output and outcomes” were important in education, explaining that outputs are the number of schools built, and outcomes are the number of children receiving good quality education. The message of the day on education was most neatly put by Nthabiseng Tshabalala, a 12-year-old from a Soweto school. She called on leaders gathered in New York to ensure that all 69 million out-of-school children also get their chance to be leaders some day. Tags: United KingdomSouth AfricaKenyaJordanSouth AsiaMiddle East and North AfricaLatin America & CaribbeanEurope and Central AsiaEast Asia and PacificAfricaPovertyEducationworld bankUNPovertyMDGs All said and done, this is Submitted by Anonymous on Tue, 09/21/2010 - 05:13 All said and done, this is not going to percolate to all those in need reply Notify me when new comments are posted All comments Replies to my comment By submitting this form, you accept the Mollom privacy policy. Featured Bloggers Jim Yong KimPresident, World Bank Group José CuestaSenior Economist Michael TrucanoSr. ICT & Education Specialist Rachel KyteVice President and Special Envoy for Climate Change World Bank photos From Risky to Responsible BusinessThe Longer World Waits to Address Climate Change, the Higher the CostMaking the Case for Universal Health CoverageThe High-Risk, Low-Risk Scenarios for Russia’s Economic FutureIn a Rapidly Changing World, Governments Need to Make Education a Priority More Subscribe by email You are hereYou are here » Blogs » Voices » Gordon Brown hails education as the best anti-poverty program

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blogs.worldbank.org

ARCHIVED - Telecom Decision CRTC 2010-414 This Web page has been archived on the Web. PDF version Ottawa, 29 June 2010 Shaw Cablesystems Ltd. – Application to review and vary Telecom Decision 2009-462 concerning the reimbursement of costs associated with relocating transmission facilities File number: 8662-S9-201000802 In this decision, the Commission denies an application by Shaw Cablesystems Ltd. (Shaw) to modify the Commission’s determinations in Telecom Decision 2009-462 regarding the reimbursement by the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure of British Columbia of Shaw’s costs of relocating its transmission facilities, whether those facilities are attached to Shaw’s own support structures or to the support structures of third parties. Introduction 1. The Commission received an application by Shaw Cablesystems Ltd. (Shaw), dated 22 January 2010, requesting that the Commission review and vary its determinations in Telecom Decision 2009-462. In that decision, the Commission, among other things, refrained from directing the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure of British Columbia (the Ministry) to reimburse Shaw for the costs of relocating its transmission facilities that are attached to the support structures of third parties, on the basis of its finding that the dispute did not engage the Commission’s jurisdiction under subsection 43(4) of the Telecommunications Act (the Act). 2. Shaw submitted that there was substantial doubt as to the correctness of the decision, arguing that the Commission had erred in law and in fact in concluding that it does not have jurisdiction under subsection 43(4) of the Act to order the Ministry to reimburse Shaw for costs incurred as a result of Ministry-initiated relocation of transmission lines placed on third-party support structures. 3. Shaw further submitted that the Commission had failed to consider a basic principle from Order 2000-13 that had been raised in the proceeding leading to Telecom Decision 2009-462, namely that support structure licensees should pursue compensation for relocation expenses directly with the third party requesting the relocation. 4. As such, the company requested that the Commission vary its determination in Telecom Decision 2009-462 that the company’s original application did not engage the Commission’s jurisdiction under subsection 43(4) of the Act. Shaw also requested that the Commission vary that decision by directing the Ministry to reimburse the company for the costs of relocating its transmission facilities at the request of the Ministry, whether these facilities are located on Shaw’s own support structures or attached to the support structures of third parties, on terms and conditions that are consistent with Decision 2001-23. 5. The Commission received comments regarding Shaw’s application from the Ministry. The public record of this proceeding, which closed on 1 March 2010, is available on the Commission’s website at www.crtc.gc.ca under “Public Proceedings” or by using the file number provided above. 6. The Commission has identified the following issues to be addressed in this decision: I. Did the Commission err in Telecom Decision 2009-462 when it concluded that Shaw’s application did not engage the Commission’s jurisdiction under subsection 43(4) of the Act? II. Did the Commission err in Telecom Decision 2009-462 by not addressing the principle set out in Order 2000-13 that support structure licensees should pursue compensation for relocation expenses directly with the third party requesting relocation? 7. Shaw submitted that the Commission’s interpretation of its jurisdiction was unduly narrow and created uncertainty. Shaw argued that the Commission’s jurisdiction was engaged by the company’s application on the basis that its inability to obtain the Ministry’s consent to keep transmission lines in place on terms and conditions acceptable to Shaw was the type of situation captured by subsection 43(4) of the Act. In Shaw’s view, the terms and conditions for access to power poles by utilities set out in the Ministry’s public utility manual apply to it as it is a “utility” as defined therein. Shaw also argued that the suggestion that it is entitled under the Act to seek compensation from the Ministry for the relocation costs of only some of its transmission facilities, based on the ownership of the underlying support structure, is arbitrary. 8. The Commission notes that the Ministry does not require Shaw to obtain its consent in any form, whether by permit or otherwise, to install its facilities on support structures of third parties nor does the Ministry impose any terms or fees on Shaw as a condition of gaining access to the support structures of third parties. 9. In light of the above, the Commission considers that there is no issue of consent to engage subsection 43(4) of the Act. The Commission therefore finds that it did not err when it concluded in Telecom Decision 2009-462 that Shaw’s application did not engage the Commission’s jurisdiction under subsection 43(4) of the Act. 10. As noted above, Shaw submitted that the Commission had erred in Telecom Decision 2009-462 by not considering a basic principle set out in Order 2000-13, namely that support structure licensees should pursue compensation for relocation expenses directly with the third party requesting relocation. Shaw submitted that the Commission’s failure to address this principle in Telecom Decision 2009-462 raises substantial doubt as to the correctness of that decision. 11. The Commission notes that it was not necessary to address the applicability of the principle set out in Order 2000-13 in the context of Shaw’s access to third-parties’ support structures as the Commission found that it did not have jurisdiction to address Shaw’s reimbursement for the cost of relocating its transmission facilities on third‑parties’ support structures. 12. With respect to the reimbursement for the costs of relocating Shaw’s transmission facilities that are attached to the company’s own support structures, the Commission notes that it was not necessary to address explicitly the applicability of the principle set out in Order 2000-13, given that the Ministry had indicated it was willing to negotiate an agreement with Shaw. 13. In light of the above, the Commission finds that it did not err in Telecom Decision 2009-462 by not addressing the principle set out in Order 2000-13 that support structure licensees should pursue compensation for relocation expenses directly with the third party requesting relocation. 14. In light of the above, the Commission finds that it did not err in law or in fact, and finds that Shaw did not raise substantial doubt as to the correctness of the Commission’s determinations in Telecom Decision 2009-462. Accordingly, the Commission denies Shaw’s application. Shaw Cablesystems Ltd. – Application seeking access to highways controlled by the Ministry of Transportation and Infrastructure of British Columbia on terms consistent with Decision 2001-23, Telecom Decision CRTC 2009-462, 30 July 2009 Ledcor/Vancouver – Construction, operation and maintenance of transmission lines in Vancouver, Decision CRTC 2001-23, 25 January 2001 Rates set for access to telephone companies’ support structures, Order CRTC 2000-13, 18 January 2000

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crtc.gc.ca

Home / Blogs / Earth Matters / 2012 / October NASA Release: Suomi NPP Captures Night View of U.S. Before Hurricane Sandy’s Landfall October 31st, 2012 by Mike Carlowicz The following is a cross-post of a news release written by our colleagues Rob Gutro and Laura Betz in NASA public affairs and Suomi NPP outreach… As Hurricane Sandy made a historic landfall on the New Jersey coast during the night of October 29, the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on NASA/NOAA’s Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite captured this nighttime view of the storm. This image, provided by University of Wisconsin-Madison, is a composite of several satellite passes over North America taken 18 hours before Sandy’s landfall. The storm was captured by a special “day-night band,” which detects light in a range of wavelengths from green to near-infrared and uses filtering techniques to observe dim signals such as auroras, airglow, gas flares, city lights, fires and reflected moonlight. City lights in the south and mid-section of the United States are visible in the image. William Straka, associate researcher at Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies, University of Wisconsin-Madison, explains that since there was a full moon there was the maximum illumination of the clouds. “You can see that Sandy is pulling energy both from Canada as well as off in the eastern part of the Atlantic,” Straka said. “Typically forecasters use only the infrared bands at night to look at the structure of the storm. However, using images from the new day/night band sensor in addition to the thermal channels can provide a more complete and unique view of hurricanes at night.” VIIRS is one of five instruments onboard Suomi NPP. The mission is the result of a partnership between NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, and the U.S. Department of Defense. On Monday, Oct. 29, around 8 p.m. EDT, Hurricane Sandy made landfall 5 miles (10 km) south of Atlantic City, N.J., near 39 degrees 24 minutes north latitude and 74 degrees 30 minutes west longitude. At the time of landfall, Sandy’s maximum sustained winds were near 80 mph (130 kph) and it was moving to the west-northwest at 23 mph (37 kph). According to the National Hurricane Center, hurricane-force winds extended outward to 175 miles (280 km) from the center, and tropical-storm-force winds extended 485 miles (780 km). Sandy’s minimum central pressure at the time of landfall was 946 millibars or 27.93 inches. Suomi NPP was launched on Oct. 28, 2011, from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif. One year later, the satellite has orbited Earth more than 5,000 times and returned images and data that provide critical weather and climate measurements of complex Earth systems. Suomi NPP observes nearly every location on Earth’s surface twice every 24 hours, once in daylight and once at night. NPP flies 512 miles (824 kilometers) above the surface in a polar orbit, circling the planet about 14 times a day. NPP sends its data once an orbit to the ground station in Svalbard, Norway, and continuously to local, direct-broadcast users. For storm history, images, and video of Hurricane Sandy, please visit the following websites: http://www.nnvl.noaa.gov http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/hurricanes/archives/2012/h2012_Sandy.html http://cimss.ssec.wisc.edu/goes/blog/ http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/NaturalHazards/event.php?id=79504 Posted in News Roundup | 1 Comment so far A view of Sandy from the TRMM satellite October 29th, 2012 by Adam Voiland Check our Hurricane Sandy event page, our YouTube page, and NASA’s Hurricane Resource page for the latest storm images from NASA. NASA hurricane researcher Owen Kelley prepared this image and caption. The day before Hurricane Sandy’s center was forecast to make landfall in New Jersey, the radar on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite observed the hurricane’s center. At 2:20 EDT on Sunday October 28, Hurricane Sandy was a marginal category 1 hurricane and its eyewall was modest, as TRMM reveals, which gives us hints about its possible future strength. The eyewall was somewhat compact with its 40 km diameter; the eyewall contained only relatively light precipitation; and none of Sandy’s eyewall storm cells managed to burst through, or even reach, the tropopause, which has about a 10 km height at mid-latitudes. Evidence of the weak updrafts in the eyewall comes from the fact that the TRMM radar’s reflectivity stayed under 40 dBZ, a commonly cited signal strength at which updrafts can be vigorous enough to form hail and to lift smaller ice particles up through the tropopause and into the stratosphere. But placed in context, the TRMM-observed properties of Hurricane Sandy’s eyewall are evidence of remarkable vigor. Most hurricanes only have well-formed and compact eyewalls at category 3 strength or higher. Sandy was not only barely a category 1 hurricane, but Sandy was also experiencing strong wind shear, Sandy was going over ocean typically too cold to form hurricanes, and Sandy had been limping along as a marginal hurricane for several days. With infrared satellite observations (as in the background of the images show), one can speculate about what the sort of convective storms are developing under the hurricane’s cloud tops, but Sandy was sneaking up the East Coast too far out at sea for land-based radars to provide definitive observations of the rain regions inside of the hurricane’s clouds. The radar on the TRMM satellite provided this missing information during this overflight of Hurricane Sandy. The TRMM satellite also showed that the super-sized rainband that extended to the west and north of the center did contain vigorous storm cells, as indicated by the red regions of radar reflectivity in excess of 40 dBZ. This rainband is expected to lash the coast well before the hurricane’s center make landfall. Even further west, at the upper left corner of the image, one can see two small storm cells. These storm cells are the southern-most tip of the independent weather system that is coming across the United States and that is expected to merge and possibly reinvigorate the remnants of Hurricane Sandy after Sandy makes landfall. TRMM is a joint mission between NASA and JAXA, the Japan Space Exploration Agency. Some of the questions about hurricanes left unanswered by the TRMM satellite will be explored by the Global Precipitation Measuring (GPM) satellite scheduled for launch in 2014. For more information, visit http://pmm.gsfc.nasa.gov. Posted in Uncategorized | 1 Comment so far Keeping track of changing landscapes October 23rd, 2012 by Mike Carlowicz When you look at a parcel of Earth’s surface at a moment in time, it can be hard to grasp the story behind the image. It’s a snapshot, a fleeting glimpse. Does it always look like that? Am I seeing this place on a normal day, an abnormal day, an everyday? Where’s the motion, the action, the dynamics? For instance, take a look at this collection of lakes amidst the barren, salt-crusted landscape of central Asia. The size of these freshwater lakes is compelling…tens to hundreds of kilometers long…oases of green and blue amidst the tans of the desert. These “inland seas” are impressive. That is, until you look at that same region a decade earlier (below)…or forty years earlier. Through the lens of time, the planet comes to life. The color of the landscape changes, waters rise and fall, ice advances and retreats. The planet has vital signs. Earth Observatory’s World of Change series offers some visual vital signs for 23 different landscapes and locales on Earth, with images updated across seasons to decades, depending on the length of the satellite record. Our newest updates include 2012 images for the Aral Sea (sampled above) and for the Hobet Mine, a mountaintop coal-mining operation in West Virginia. What do you think we should show in future installments of World of Change? (Keep in mind that it has to be something we can see or measure via satellite.) Posted in Uncategorized | 6 Comments and counting Which do you prefer: active fires or burn scars? October 22nd, 2012 by Adam Voiland The Pole Creek fire is hardly breaking news. As of October 20, 2012, authorities announced that the blaze was 100 percent contained. In early October, when we first published this image that the Terra satellite acquired in September, the fire was still burning wildly and sending up smoke plumes that shrouded the Three Sisters and the surrounding communities in a heavy layer of smoke. A few weeks later, on October 5, a different instrument on a different satellite—the Advanced Land Imager (ALI) on NASA’s Earth Observing-1 satellite—acquired a false-color view of the fire (below). Rather than smoke billowing from an actively burning fire, the image features the burn scar left behind. In ideal circumstances, we publish images of a fire while it is actively burning and also after the fact. But, in some cases, either because the satellites don’t acquire usable images or because we simply don’t have time to post them, we end up showing one view or the other. There’s no shortage of fires we could show. (To get a sense of this, take a look at this map of global fire activity to see the constant presence of wildfires on our planet.) If we wanted, we could show only active fires with smoke, only burn scars, or any combination of the two and still have far more images than we could possibly post. But which view do you prefer? And how late is too late? If a fire has been under control for day or weeks are you still interested in seeing the event or the scars that it left behind? And what about other types of natural disasters like storms or volcanic eruptions? If a storm has already broken up, if a volcanic ash plume has dissipated, if a hurricane has no chance of making landfall…are you still interested in seeing it, or does it just feel like old news? Well…how did I get here? October 16th, 2012 by Mike Carlowicz As part of Earth Science Week, various NASA scientists and staff have been writing and talking about what it is like to work in science. One of those staff members is our colleague, Jefferson Beck, a documentary producer turned NASA science communicator… So I’m flying at 1,500 feet above a giant crack in the Pine Island Glacier. By “giant” I mean up to 800 feet across, deeper than the Statue of Liberty, and 18 miles long. I’m in a NASA DC-8 aircraft with Operation IceBridge, the first airborne mission to take detailed measurements of such a massive calving event in progress. If this chunk of the Antarctic ice shelf splits off and floats away as one big piece, it will be the size of New York City. As the video producer assigned to this mission, I’m trying to make the most out of the few moments where the scenery isn’t just impressive, but truly stunning. My stomach is tight with excitement and worry that I’ll miss the best shots. I have one camera set up recording a time-lapse out one window, and I’m holding another camera against another window. I’m bracing myself with a ratty piece of foam against the fuselage and trying to find a clear spot among the window’s many scratches as the plane bounces along. The Crack looms large for a while, then quickly fades from sight and gets lost in the whiteness. After we finish our flight lines, we bank out over the razor-sharp edge where the ancient Antarctic ice meets the dark water. We start to gain altitude for the long flight back to Punta Arenas, Chile, a port city on the Strait of Magellan. As we climb, I think about how few people have gotten to see the frozen continent from this perspective. Then I look around at the amazingly talented group of people on board, and think: “how did I wind up here?” You’d think that most people who work at NASA are numerical geniuses who spent their high school years building robots and answering math problems for fun. And we do have people like that. We also have people who could rebuild an engine when they were 14 and people who had their pilot’s license at 17. But for me, high school was many things and the path was not always clear. High school was cross country and track, the school newspaper, reading lots of science fiction, smudging my way through art classes, dropping an essay-writing class to have double-lunch with my girlfriend, struggling a bit with math, and really enjoying most of my science courses. My continuing issues with math — and, as it turned out, chemistry — didn’t stop me from becoming a biology major in college. There I focused on ecology and natural history. After that, my plan was to become a biologist, so for a while I ended up in Alaska standing in frozen streams and counting wild salmon. I loved being in the field and I loved the natural world, but slowly the idea of being a research scientist began to fade. Not knowing what to do next, I went back home to Ohio. I couch-surfed for a while before landing a job as a reporter for a small-town newspaper. Then I helped build a local bike trail, did some reporting for radio, and then got involved with non-profit community-building work. For a while, I was a bouncer in a bar one night a week. Finally, I landed in filmmaking. I took some film classes, worked on a couple of indie features, and made some little films of my own. It all kind of looks like a jumbled mess, doesn’t it? It doesn’t make you think, “well, here’s a guy who is destined for NASA.” It’s what career-minded people call “lateral moves,” jumping sideways from one career track to another without much advancement – the kinds of moves that make some parents scratch their heads and start to worry. But all that experience led me to finally apply to a grad school program in science and nature filmmaking at Montana State University. I got accepted, and later got my job at NASA, because I was able to tell a story – a true story – using the skills I had gained from all those lateral moves. I could write, manage a project, understand scientists, recognize news, work in the field, dig deep and endure adversity [claiming this one from my 10 years running cross country and track], and make a video. So my take home message is this: If you’re one of those focused people who know exactly what they want to do and head straight for it, fantastic. One day you’ll be flying the plane I’m riding in, designing one of our satellites, or sending us to Mars. And I’ll be grateful for your skills. But if your career path wanders, don’t worry. If you keep learning as you go, one day it will make for a very interesting true story. This month I’m heading back to Chile, and back to flying at 1,500 feet over the Antarctic ice, and maybe even back to the Pine Island Glacier, which finally seems ready to give up its New York City-sized chunk of ice. Wherever we fly, it will be exciting. And difficult, and beautiful, and scientifically valuable. There will be a lot of true stories out there, and I’ll do my best to bring them home. Watch Jefferson’s video: Flying through the Rift: An update on the crack in the Pine Island Glacier. Learn more about other Earth Explorers like Jefferson on the NASA Earth Science Week website. Earth Science Week 2012 at NASA October 12th, 2012 by Michon Scott October 14–20 is Earth Science Week. This annual celebration started in 1998, established by the American Geosciences Institute to help children, students, and the general public understand how geoscientists collect information about our planet. In 2012, the theme is “Discovering Careers in the Earth Sciences” and involves activities by NASA, the U.S. Geological Survey, the National Park Service, and multiple professional associations. Online resources for Earth Science Week include tools for teachers, students, and the media. Highlights of Earth Science Week 2012 include National Fossil Day on October 17, Female Geoscientist Day on October 18, and Geologic Map Day on October 19. From the Global Climate Change Earth Science Week Blog: Explorer Christy Hansen hugs the Russell glacier, part of the Greenland Ice Sheet. Image courtesy Christy Hansen, JPL NASA plays an active role in the celebration, hosting activities and offering an ESW web site with a blog, an events page, a videos page, and explorer articles. These resources (including several in Spanish) introduce visitors to NASA’s Earth Explorers — scientists, engineers, educators, multimedia producers, and writers — who describe their work, their motivations for studying our planet, and the kinds of challenges they face on a daily basis. The schedule of NASA-sponsored events includes: – Tuesday, Oct. 16, 1-2 p.m. EDT – Twitter chat with polar scientist Thorsten Markus – Tuesday, Oct. 16, 1-2 p.m. EDT – Univisión radio interview with scientists Erika Podest and Miguel Román (in Spanish) – Wednesday, Oct. 17, 1-2 p.m. EDT – Google+ hangout with Operation IceBridge scientist Christy Hansen, on location near Antarctica – Wednesday, Oct. 17, 4-5 p.m. EDT – Webinar with Aquarius engineers (in Spanish) – Wednesday, Oct. 17, 6-7 p.m. EDT – Reddit interview with oceanographer Josh Willis – Thursday, Oct. 18, noon-1 p.m. EDT – Twitter chat with atmospheric research scientist Erica Alston In addition, on Oct. 18, the many contributions of women at NASA to Earth science will be highlighted on the Women@NASA Blog page: http://blogs.nasa.gov/cm/newui/blog/viewpostlist.jsp?blogname=womenatnasa. Follow the #NASAESW hashtag to keep up on Earth Science Week news from NASA. October Puzzler Answer: Turkish Glaciers Congratulations to Britton, Dakota Steve, Alev Akyildiz, and Eric Jeffrey for being the first readers to solve the October puzzler. We posted the image on Tuesday afternoon, and by Wednesday morning Britton had worked out that the location was Mount Uludoruk in the southeastern Taurus Mountains. Later on, Dakota Steve added that it must have been taken in the fall, Alex Akyildiz was the first to give the exact coordinates, and Eric Jeffrey added some interesting details about glacial recession. Many thanks to Mehmet Akif Sarikaya of Fatih University for providing some of the information that went into the caption we published as our Image of the Day for October 13. Among other things, Sarikaya pointed us to a fascinating account that a British solider (Major F.R. Maunsell) read to members of the Royal Geographical Society after a trip to the region. The account was published in August 1901 by the Geographical Journal. In addition to Maunsell’s colorful writing, the article included the first known image of one of Uludoruk’s glaciers. Here are a few excerpts from Maunsell’s description of the topography near the site of his photograph: …A little south of the main ridge of Geliashin, and forming part of the group, are two masses of rock, one the Tura Dauil (David’s mountain), and facing it across a deep chasm-like valley, the other called Nakhira Shirka, both rising to about 11,000 feet. The north slopes of Geliashin and Suppa Durek are perhaps the grandest, as the ground falls away in a splendid succession of crags and precipices into the head of the valley of Des or Deezan, and the stream-level of the Great Zab, only 12 miles off, but 9270 feet lower. Below the crest a small glacier nestles under Geliashin on the north, giving rise to the Des stream, called in Turkish the Kar Su, or Snow water, and in Syriac, Mia Khwara, or White water… …On all sides, except a narrow ridge on the south-east, are sheer precipices of several hundred feet, and after three attempts, in each of which I was brought up against lines of huge cliffs, I finally discovered that a steep path to the summit existed on the south-east side, but it was too late then to attempt it. The only guides procurable were very misleading, making any statement, if they thought it would please, and were very difficult to verify. The summit ridges swarm with ibex and moufflon, and many of the giant partridge were also seen. Judging from Galianu, the summit of Geliashin must be at least 1500 feet higher, or 13,500 feet above sea-level… …From Geliashin a razor-edged ridge of limestone rock runs nearly due west for a few miles, and terminates in a very sharp-pointed peak known as the Suppa Durek, or Lady’s Finger (mentioned by Layard), a prominent landmark in the confused outline of crag and. pinnacle west of Geliashin. A col which gives access by a stair-like path from the Zab valley into Jelu district now intervenes to the west, beyond which runs a rugged watershed range of lesser elevation, but containing the sharp peak of Khisara, quite inaccessible except by the wild goats,and enclosing the rocky gorges of Kiyu and IUri draining to the Zab, and overlooking Jelu and Baz to the south. Posted in EO's Satellite Puzzler | No Comments yet October Puzzler October 8th, 2012 by Adam Voiland Every month, NASA Earth Observatory will offer up a puzzling satellite image here on Earth Matters. The fifth puzzler is above. Your challenge is to use the comments section below to tell us what part of the world we’re looking at, when the image was acquired, and what’s happening in the scene. How to answer. Your answer can be a few words or several paragraphs. (Just try to keep it shorter than 300-400 words). You might simply tell us what part of the world an image shows. Or you can dig deeper and explain what satellite and instrument produced the image, what bands were used to create it, and what’s interesting about the geologic history of some obscure speck of color in the far corner of an image. If you think something is interesting or noteworthy about a scene, tell us about it. The prize. We can’t offer prize money for being the first to respond or for digging up the most interesting kernels of information. But, we can promise you credit and glory (well, maybe just credit). Roughly one week after a “mystery image” appears on the blog, we will post an annotated and captioned version as our Image of the Day. In the credits, we’ll acknowledge the person who was first to correctly ID an image. We’ll also recognize people who offer the most interesting tidbits of information. Please include your preferred name or alias with your comment. If you work for an institution that you want us to recognize, please mention that as well. Recent winners. If you’ve won the puzzler in the last few months, please sit on your hands for at least a few days to give others a chance to play. You can read more about the origins of the satellite puzzler here. Good luck! Posted in EO's Satellite Puzzler | 79 Comments and counting September Puzzler Answer Congratulations to Carl Schardt, Conan Witzel, and David Haycock for being some of our first readers to work out that the September puzzler showed part of Queensland’s Channel Country. Carl quickly recognized it was the Simpson Desert, but it took Conan and David a few days to pinpoint the exact area shown. If you missed it, check out the caption we published about the area back in September as one of our Images of the Days. We’ve published a few other images of Channel Country in the past that are worth a look, including a false-color MODIS image of flooding in 2011 and a false-color Landsat image of the Burke and Hamilton Rivers in 2000. If you want to find out more about the geography of Queensland, we highly recommend heading over to Queensland by Degrees, a “community geography” project organized by the Royal Geographical Society of Queensland (RGSQ). As part of the project, folks are heading to the bush to take photos and record basic information about specific locations all over Queensland. Their Eyre Creek site (25.000°S 139.000°E) is quite close to the spot we showed in the puzzler (139.216 E, 24.601 S). Go here for a full map of the areas RGSQ has surveyed. The picture below offers a glimpse of what the landscape looks like from the ground. No dunes in sight, but the group did report the area featured “undifferentiated Cainozoic gravel and pebbles of silicifed rock (i.e. gibbers).” Photo by Paul Feeney. Earth Matters

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earthobservatory.nasa.gov

1995 Detroit Tigers season Major League affiliations American League (since 1901) East Division (since 1969) Tiger Stadium (since 1912) Detroit, Michigan (since 1901) Manager(s) Local television WKBD (George Kell, Al Kaline, Jim Price) (Ernie Harwell, Jim Price, Fred McLeod) (Frank Beckmann, Lary Sorensen) Previous season Next season The 1995 Detroit Tigers finished in fourth place in the American League Eastern Division with a record of 60–84 (.417). They were outscored by their opponents 844 to 654. The Tigers drew 1,180,979 fans to Tiger Stadium in 1995, ranking 11th of the 14 teams in the American League. 1 Regular season 1.1 Season standings 1.2 Notable transactions 1.3 Roster 2 Player stats 2.1 Batting 2.1.1 Starters by position 2.1.2 Other batters 2.2 Pitching 2.2.1 Starting pitchers 2.2.2 Other pitchers 2.2.3 Relief pitchers 3 Farm system Regular season[edit] Season standings[edit] New York Yankees * Notable transactions[edit] April 3, 1995: Kent Bottenfield was signed as a Free Agent with the Detroit Tigers.[1] April 7, 1995: Joe Boever was signed as a Free Agent with the Detroit Tigers.[2] April 7, 1995: Kirk Gibso

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/219

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en.wikipedia.org

Attractor (Redirected from Basin of attraction) For other uses, see Attractor (disambiguation). This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (March 2013) Visual representation of a strange attractor In dynamical systems, an attractor is a set of physical properties toward which a system tends to evolve, regardless of the starting conditions of the system.[1] Property values that get close enough to the attractor values remain close even if slightly disturbed. In finite-dimensional systems, the evolving variable may be represented algebraically as an n-dimensional vector. The attractor is a region in n-dimensional space. In physical systems, the n dimensions may be, for example, two or three positional coordinates for each of one or more physical entities; in economic systems, they may be separate variables such as the inflation rate and the unemployment rate. If the evolving variable is two- or three-dimensional, the attractor of the dynamic process can be represented geometrically in two or three dimensions, (as for example in the three-dimensional case depicted to the right). An attractor can be a point, a finite set of points, a curve, a manifold, or even a complicated set with a fractal structure known as a strange attractor. If the variable is a scalar, the attractor is a subset of the real number line. Describing the attractors of chaotic dynamical systems has been one of the achievements of chaos theory. A trajectory of the dynamical system in the attractor does not have to satisfy any special constraints except for remaining on the attractor, backward and forward in time. The trajectory may be periodic or chaotic. If a set of points is periodic or chaotic, but the flow in the neighborhood is away from the set, the set is not an attractor, but instead is called a repeller (or repellor). 1 Motivation 2 Mathematical definition 3 Types of attractors 3.1 Fixed point 3.2 Limit cycle 3.3 Limit torus 3.4 Strange attractor 4 Partial differential equations 5 Numerical localization (visualization) of attractors: self-excited and hidden attractors Motivation[edit] A dynamical system is generally described by one or more differential or difference equations. The equations of a given dynamical system specify its behavior over any given short period of time. To determine the system's behavior for a longer period, it is necessary to integrate the equations, either through analytical means or through iteration, often with the aid of computers. Dynamical systems in the physical world tend to arise from dissipative systems: if it were not for some driving force, the motion would cease. (Dissipation may come from internal friction, thermodynamic losses, or loss of material, among many causes.) The dissipation and the driving force tend to balance, killing out initial transients and settle the system into its typical behavior. The subset of the phase space of the dynamical system corresponding to the typical behavior is the attractor, also known as the attracting section or attractee. Invariant sets and limit sets are similar to the attractor concept. An invariant set is a set that evolves to itself under the dynamics. Attractors may contain invariant sets. A limit set is a set of points such that there exists some initial state that ends up arbitrarily close to the limit set (i.e. to each point of the set) as time goes to infinity. Attractors are limit sets, but not all limit sets are attractors: It is possible to have some points of a system converge to a limit set, but different points when perturbed slightly off the limit set may get knocked off and never return to the vicinity of the limit set. For example, the damped pendulum has two invariant points: the point x0 of minimum height and the point x1 of maximum height. The point x0 is also a limit set, as trajectories converge to it; the point x1 is not a limit set. Because of the dissipation, the point x0 is also an attractor. If there were no dissipation, x0 would not be an attractor. Mathematical definition[edit] Let t represent time and let f(t, •) be a function which specifies the dynamics of the system. That is, if a is an n-dimensional point in the phase space, representing the initial state of the system, then f(0, a) = a and, for a positive value of

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/220

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en.wikipedia.org

(Redirected from Cell line) Cell culture in a special tissue culture dish Epithelial cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green) Cell culture is the complex process by which cells are grown under controlled conditions, generally outside of their natural environment. In practice, the term "cell culture" now refers to the culturing of cells derived from multi-cellular eukaryotes, especially animal cells. However, there are also cultures of plants, fungi, insects and microbes, including viruses, bacteria and protists. The historical development and methods of cell culture are closely interrelated to those of tissue culture and organ culture. Animal cell culture became a common laboratory technique in the mid-1900s,[1] but the concept of maintaining live cell lines (a population of cells derived from a single cell and containing the same genetic makeup) separated from their original tissue source was discovered in the 19th century.[2] 2 Concepts in mammalian cell culture 2.1 Isolation of cells 2.2 Maintaining cells in culture 2.3 Cell line cross-contamination 2.4 Other technical issues 2.5 Manipulation of cultured cells 2.5.1 Media changes 2.5.2 Passaging cells 2.5.3 Transfection and transduction 2.6 Established human cell lines 2.7 Generation of hybridomas 2.8 Cell strains 3 Applications of cell culture 3.1 Cell culture in two dimensions 3.2 Cell culture in three dimensions 3.3 3D Cell Culturing by Magnetic Levitation 3.4 Tissue culture and engineering 3.5 Vaccines 4 Culture of non-mammalian cells 4.1 Plant cell culture methods 4.2 Insect cell culture 4.3 Bacterial and yeast culture methods 4.4 Viral culture methods 5 Common cell lines 6 List of cell lines The 19th-century English physiologist Sydney Ringer developed salt solutions containing the chlorides of sodium, potassium, calcium and magnesium suitable for maintaining the beating of an isolated animal heart outside of the body.[3] In 1885, Wilhelm Roux removed a portion of the medullary plate of an embryonic chicken and maintained it in a warm saline solution for several days, establishing the principle of tissue culture.[4] Ross Granville Harrison, working at Johns Hopkins Medical School and then at Yale University, published results of his experiments from 1907 to 1910, establishing the methodology of tissue culture.[5] Cell culture techniques were advanced significantly in the 1940s and 1950s to support research in virology. Growing viruses in cell cultures allowed preparation of purified viruses for the manufacture of vaccines. The injectable polio vaccine developed by Jonas Salk was one of the first products mass-produced using cell culture techniques. This vaccine was made possible by the cell culture research of John Franklin Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller, and Frederick Chapman Robbins, who were awarded a Nobel Prize for their discovery of a method of growing the virus in monkey kidney cell cultures. Concepts in mammalian cell culture[edit] Isolation of cells[edit] Cells can be isolated from tissues for ex vivo culture in several ways. Cells can be easily purified from blood; however, only the white cells are capable of growth in culture. Mononuclear cells can be released from soft tissues by enzymatic digestion with enzymes such as collagenase, trypsin, or pronase, which break down the extracellular matrix. Alternatively, pieces of tissue can be placed in growth media, and the cells that grow out are available for culture. This method is known as explant culture. Cells that are cultured directly from a subject are known as primary cells. With the exception of some derived from tumors, most primary cell cultures have limited lifespan. After a certain number of population doublings (called the Hayflick limit), cells undergo the process of senescence and stop dividing, while generally retaining viability. An established or immortalized cell line has acquired the ability to proliferate indefinitely either through random mutation or deliberate modification, such as artificial expression of the telomerase gene. Numerous cell lines are well established as representative of particular cell types. Maintaining cells in culture[edit] Cells are grown and maintained at an appropriate temperature and gas mixture (typically, 37 °C, 5% CO2 for mammalian cells) in a cell incubator. Culture conditions vary widely for each cell type, and variation of conditions for a particular cell type can result in different phenotypes. Aside from temperature and gas mixture, the most commonly varied factor in culture systems is the cell growth medium. Recipes for growth media can vary in pH, glucose concentration, growth factors, and the presence of other nutrients. The growth factors used to supplement media are often derived from the serum of animal blood, such as fetal bovine serum (FBS), bovine calf serum, equine serum, and porcine serum. One complication of these blood-derived ingredients is the potential for contamination of the culture with viruses or prions, particularly in medical biotechnology applications. Current practice is to minimize or eliminate the use of these ingredients wherever possible and use human platelet lysate (hPL). This eliminates the worry of cross-species contamination when using FBS with human cells. hPL has emerged as a safe and reliable alternative as a direct replacement for FBS or other animal serum. In addition, chemically defined media can be used to eliminate any serum trace (human or animal), but this cannot always be accomplished with different cell types. Alternative strategies involve sourcing the animal blood from countries with minimum BSE/TSE risk, such as Australia and New Zealand, and using purified nutrient concentrates derived from serum in place of whole animal serum for cell culture.[6] Plating density (number of cells per volume of culture medium) plays a critical role for some cell types. For example, a lower plating density makes granulosa cells exhibit estrogen production, while a higher plating density makes them appear as progesterone-producing theca lutein cells.[7] Cells can be grown either in suspension or adherent cultures. Some cells naturally live in suspension, without being attached to a surface, such as cells that exist in the bloodstream. There are also cell lines that have been modified to be able to survive in suspension cultures so they can be grown to a higher density than adherent conditions would allow. Adherent cells require a surface, such as tissue culture plastic or microcarrier, which may be coated with extracellular matrix(such as collagen and laminin) components to increase adhesion properties and provide other signals needed for growth and differentiation. Most cells derived from solid tissues are adherent. Another type of adherent culture is organotypic culture, which involves growing cells in a three-dimensional (3-D) environment as opposed to two-dimensional culture dishes. This 3D culture system is biochemically and physiologically more similar to in vivo tissue, but is technically challenging to maintain because of many factors (e.g. diffusion). Cell line cross-contamination[edit] Cell line cross-contamination can be a problem for scientists working with cultured cells. Studies suggest anywhere from 15–20% of the time, cells used in experiments have been misidentified or contaminated with another cell line.[8][9][10] Problems with cell line cross-contamination have even been detected in lines from the NCI-60 panel, which are used routinely for drug-screening studies.[11][12] Major cell line repositories, including the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), the European Collection of Cell Cultures (ECACC) and the German Collection of Microorganisms and Cell Cultures (DSMZ), have received cell line submissions from researchers that were misidentified by them.[11][13] Such contamination poses a problem for the quality of research produced using cell culture lines, and the major repositories are now authenticating all cell line submissions.[14] ATCC uses short tandem repeat (STR) DNA fingerprinting to authenticate its cell lines.[15] To address this problem of cell line cross-contamination, researchers are encouraged to authenticate their cell lines at an early passage to establish the identity of the cell line. Authentication should be repeated before freezing cell line stocks, every two months during active culturing and before any publication of research data generated using the cell lines. Many methods are used to identify cell lines, including isoenzyme analysis, human lymphocyte antigen (HLA) typing, chromosomal analysis, karyotyping, morphology and STR analysis.[15] One significant cell-line cross contaminant is the immortal HeLa cell line. Other technical issues[edit] As cells generally continue to divide in culture, they generally grow to fill the available area or volume. This can generate several issues: Nutrient depletion in the growth media Changes in pH of the growth media Accumulation of apoptotic/necrotic (dead) cells Cell-to-cell contact can stimulate cell cycle arrest, causing cells to stop dividing, known as contact inhibition. Cell-to-cell contact can stimulate cellular differentiation. Genetic and epigenetic alterations, with a natural selection of the altered cells potentially leading to overgrowth of abnormal, culture-adapted cells with decreased differentiation and increased proliferative capacity.[16] Manipulation of cultured cells[edit] Among the common manipulations carried out on culture cells are media changes, passaging cells, and transfecting cells. These are generally performed using tissue culture methods that rely on aseptic technique. Aseptic technique aims to avoid contamination with bacteria, yeast, or other cell lines. Manipulations are typically carried out in a biosafety hood or laminar flow cabinet to exclude contaminating micro-organisms. Antibiotics (e.g. penicillin and streptomycin) and antifungals (e.g.amphotericin B) can also be added to the growth media. As cells undergo metabolic processes, acid is produced and the pH decreases. Often, a pH indicator is added to the medium to measure nutrient depletion. Media changes[edit] In the case of adherent cultures, the media can be removed directly by aspiration, and then is replaced. Media changes in non-adherent cultures involve centrifuging the culture and resuspending the cells in fresh media. Passaging cells[edit] Main article: Passaging Passaging (also known as subculture or splitting cells) involves transferring a small number of cells into a new vessel. Cells can be cultured for a longer time if they are split regularly, as it avoids the senescence associated with prolonged high cell density. Suspension cultures are easily passaged with a small amount of culture containing a few cells diluted in a larger volume of fresh media. For adherent cultures, cells first need to be detached; this is commonly done with a mixture of trypsin-EDTA; however, other enzyme mixes are now available for this purpose. A small number of detached cells can then be used to seed a new culture. Some cell cultures, such as RAW cells are mechanically scraped from the surface of their vessel with rubber scrapers. Transfection and transduction[edit] Main articles: Transfection and Transformation (genetics) Another common method for manipulating cells involves the introduction of foreign DNA by transfection. This is often performed to cause cells to express a protein of interest. More recently, the transfection of RNAi constructs have been realized as a convenient mechanism for suppressing the expression of a particular gene/protein. DNA can also be inserted into cells using viruses, in methods referred to as transduction, infection or transformation. Viruses, as parasitic agents, are well suited to introducing DNA into cells, as this is a part of their normal course of reproduction. Established human cell lines[edit] Cultured HeLa cells have been stained with Hoechst turning their nuclei blue, and are one of the earliest human cell lines descended from Henrietta Lacks, who died of cervical cancer from which these cells originated. Cell lines that originate with humans have been somewhat controversial in bioethics, as they may outlive their parent organism and later be used in the discovery of lucrative medical treatments. In the pioneering decision in this area, the Supreme Court of California held in Moore v. Regents of the University of California that human patients have no property rights in cell lines derived from organs removed with their consent.[17] Generation of hybridomas[edit] For more details on this topic, see Hybridoma. It is possible to fuse normal cells with an immortalised cell line. This method is used to produce monoclonal antibodies. In brief, lymphocytes isolated from the spleen (or possibly blood) of an immunised animal are combined with an immortal myeloma cell line (B cell lineage) to produce a hybridoma which has the antibody specificity of the primary lymphocyte and the immortality of the myeloma. Selective growth medium (HA or HAT) is used to select against unfused myeloma cells; primary lymphoctyes die quickly in culture and only the fused cells survive. These are screened for production of the required antibody, generally in pools to start with and then after single cloning. Cell strains[edit] A cell strain is derived either from a primary culture or a cell line by the selection or cloning of cells having specific properties or characteristics which must be defined. Cell strains are cells that have been adapted to culture but, unlike cell lines, have a finite division potential. Non-immortalized cells stop dividing after 40 to 60 population doublings[18] and, after this, they lose their ability to proliferate (a genetically determined event known as senescence).[19] Applications of cell culture[edit] Mass culture of animal cell lines is fundamental to the manufacture of viral vaccines and other products of biotechnology Biological products produced by recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology in animal cell cultures include enzymes, synthetic hormones, immunobiologicals (monoclonal antibodies, interleukins, lymphokines), and anticancer agents. Although many simpler proteins can be produced using rDNA in bacterial cultures, more complex proteins that are glycosylated (carbohydrate-modified) currently must be made in animal cells. An important example of such a complex protein is the hormone erythropoietin. The cost of growing mammalian cell cultures is high, so research is underway to produce such complex proteins in insect cells or in higher plants, use of single embryonic cell and somatic embryos as a source for direct gene transfer via particle bombardment, transit gene expression and confocal microscopy observation is one of its applications. It also offers to confirm single cell origin of somatic embryos and the asymmetry of the first cell division, which starts the process. Cell culture in two dimensions[edit] Research in tissue engineering, stem cells and molecular biology primarily involves cultures of cells on flat plastic dishes. This technique is known as two-dimensional (2D) cell culture, and was first developed by Wilhelm Roux who, in 1885, removed a portion of the medullary plate of an embryonic chicken and maintained it in warm saline for several days on a flat glass plate. From the advance of polymer technology arose today's standard plastic dish for 2D cell culture, commonly known as the Petri dish. Julius Richard Petri, a German bacteriologist, is generally credited with this invention while working as an assistant to Robert Koch. Various researchers today also utilize culturing laboratory flasks, conicals, and even disposable bags like those used in single-use bioreactors. Aside from Petri dishes, scientists have long been growing cells within biologically derived matrices such as collagen or fibrin, and more recently, on synthetic hydrogels such as polyacrylamide or PEG. They do this in order to elicit phenotypes that are not expressed on conventionally rigid substrates. There is growing interest in controlling matrix stiffness,[20] a concept that has led to discoveries in fields such as: Stem cell self-renewal[21][22] Lineage specification[23] Cancer cell phenotype[24][25][26] Fibrosis[27][28] Hepatocyte function[29][30]

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/221

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en.wikipedia.org

Counsellor of State (Redirected from Counsellors of State) For Counsellor of State in France, see Conseiller d'État. In the United Kingdom, Counsellors of State are senior members of the British royal family to whom the monarch, as of 2014[update] Elizabeth II, delegates certain state functions and powers when not in the United Kingdom or unavailable for other reasons (such as short-term incapacity or sickness). Any two Counsellors of State may preside over Privy Council meetings, sign state documents or receive the credentials of new ambassadors to the United Kingdom. While the establishment of a regency carries with it the suspension of the monarch from the personal discharge of the royal functions, when Counsellors of State are appointed, both the Sovereign and the Counsellors can—the Counsellors within the limits of their delegation of authority—discharge the royal functions; so the monarch can give instructions to the Counsellors of State, or even personally discharge a certain royal prerogative, when the Counsellors are in place. The Counsellors of State and Regents always act in the name and on behalf of the Sovereign. 2 List of Counsellors of State The first Counsellors of State were created in 1911 by an Order in Council of George V, and this process was repeated on each occasion of the King's absence or incapacity. The Regency Act 1937 established in law those individuals that could serve as Counsellors of State. The Counsellors of State are the consort of the monarch and the first four people in the line of succession who meet the qualifications. These qualifications are the same as those for a regent: they must be at least 21 years old (except the heir-apparent or presumptive, who need only be 18 years old), they must be domiciled in the United Kingdom, and they must be a British subject. One exception was made for Queen Elizabeth, The Queen Mother (see below). Since the passage of the Regency Act 1937, the only person to have been a Counsellor of State while not a queen consort, prince or princess was George Lascelles, 7th Earl of Harewood (although Princess Maud of Fife, who served as a Counsellor of State between 1942 and 1945, styled herself simply Lady Southesk); prior to that the Lord Chancellor, the Lord President of the Council, the Prime Minister and the Archbishop of Canterbury had been appointed to the position by George V. List of Counsellors of State[edit] As of 2013

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en.wikipedia.org

Curt Anderson Curtis Stovall "Curt" Anderson Member of the Maryland House of Delegates from the 43rd district Assumed office Ken Montague, Michael Dobson from the 44th district January 12, 1983 – January 10, 1995 Torey Brown, Frank Robey Ann Marie Doory (1949-10-12) October 12, 1949 (age 64) Shani Davis, cousin Ambre Anderson, Curtis Ian, Damien, Christian Curtis Stovall Anderson (born October 12, 1949) is an American politician, lawyer and former broadcast journalist. Anderson was first elected to the Maryland House of Delegates in 1983, is the chairman of the Baltimore City Delegation,[1] and past chairman of the Legislative Black Caucus of Maryland. After serving 12 years, he was elected again in 2002. Anderson was also a delegate to the Democratic National Convention in 1992 (Clinton) and 2008 (Obama). 2 Television career 3 Legislative career 3.1 Slots 3.2 Crime 3.3 Legislative notes 4 Task Force, Boards and Commissions 5 Past general election results 6 Activist in the Democratic Party Anderson was born on October 12, 1949 to Leonard Curtis Anderson and Jean Stovall in Chicago, Illinois. His father, a graduate of the Morgan State College, moved the family to Baltimore, in 1952, to take a job as the Dean of men at Morgan State and assistant rector at the St. James Episcopal Church. Anderson's parents divorced in 1957 and he and his two sisters were raised by his mother.[2] Education[edit] Anderson attended primary schools in Baltimore and Glencoe, Illinois. In 1964 he entered the Baltimore City College. He was the captain of the football and track teams[3] and won a scholarship to Rutgers University. Anderson majored in political science and made the freshman and varsity football and freshman track teams. In the fall of 1969, Rutgers played Princeton, in the 100th Anniversary of college football; the first game being played by Rutgers and Princeton in 1869. Anderson saw limited action in the game and left Rutgers at the end of the semester. In 1973 he entered Morgan State College where he earned his bachelor’s degree in political science. He also played on the legendary “Ten Bears” lacrosse team,[4] the only black college lacrosse team in America.[5] In 1982, after, his television career, he entered the University of Baltimore Law School where he earned his Juris Doctor.[1] Television career[edit] Anderson interviews Ali, 1978 Prior to running for the House of Delegates, Anderson anchored the news at channel 2, WMAR-TV, and channel 11, WBAL-TV, in Baltimore, Maryland. Anderson was first hired by WBAL in 1976 as a reporter where he regularly covered the state legislature, Baltimore City Hall, produced features and even boxed a round with Muhammad Ali[6] as a feature story in 1978. In 1980 he was hired by WMAR-TV to be the station's weekend anchor and reporter. He covered events such as the Wayne Williams trial in Atlanta (1981) and the Cuban refugee influx in Pennsylvania. In April 1982, Anderson was let go by WMAR-TV following a 90 day labor strike.[7] Though he interviewed for jobs at WSB-TV in Atlanta and WBZ-TV in Boston, Anderson chose not to move his family and remained in Baltimore. He ran for the House of Delegates while entering law school. Legislative career[edit] Sen. Decatur Trotter, Del. Curt Anderson and Rev. Jesse Jackson during a Maryland Legislative Black Caucus meeting in Annapolis, Maryland (1988) In 1982, Anderson won a seat in the House of Delegates, finishing first in a crowded field of candidates which included four incumbents. He was sworn in January of 1983 and assigned to the House Ways and Means committee.[8] After serving five years in the Maryland General Assembly, Anderson was elected chairman of the Legislative Black Caucus of Maryland. [1] As chairman he sponsored and saw passed Maryland's Minoirty Business Enterprise Act. One of the benefits of this act for minority business was increased participation in major state projects like the building of Oriole Park at Camden Yards. Nearly 20% of the contracts let for the construction of the new ballpark went to minority owned businesses. After 12 years in the House, Anderson ran for the Senate in 1994 but was defeated in the democratic primary. He practiced law for the next 8 years. In 2002 he made a run for the House of Delegates. As before he was a non-incumbent running against four incumbents for three seats. Unlike his first race in 1982 where he beat all the incumbents and finished first, this time Anderson finished third with a razor thin 100 vote margin of victory over 4th place finisher incumbent Ken Montague. In the 2006 general election campaign, Anderson joined with 43rd district incumbents Senator Joan Carter Conway, and Delegates Maggie McIntosh and Ann Marie Doory to defeat a field of 6 other challengers.[9] Slots[edit] Since his return to the legislature in 2003, Anderson has been well known for his opposition to the introduction of slot machines in Annapolis.[10][11] Delegate Anderson organized protests against slots, wrote newspaper editorials[12] and took to the airwaves at several local radio and television stations to solidify opposition to bringing organized gambling into Maryland. In spite of strong support for slots by then Maryland Governor Robert Ehrlich, Anderson and his colleagues prevailed and a pro-slots bill never made it out of the House of Delegates though similar bills had passed the State Senate. In 2005, however, all that changed; both chambers passed different pro-slots bills. In the House of Delegates the measure passed by a 71–66 vote. In 2007 new Governor, Martin O'Malley, hinted at some marginal support for slots as a possible new revenue source. Although Anderson and O'Malley share party affiliations, Anderson remained a staunch opponent of bringing slots into Maryland.[13][14][15] Crime[edit] Curt Anderson is also the chairman of the House Judiciary's subcommittee on criminal justice,[16] the House of Delegates' Special Committee on Drug and Alcohol and former chairman of the Legislative Black Caucus of Maryland's committee on crime and justice. In 2003, Delegate Anderson was appointed to and currently serves on the Maryland State Commission on Criminal Sentencing Policy.[17] His experiences from these positions as well as his background as a criminal defense attorney led him to the conclusion that most crime is just a symptom of the larger problem that society faces: drug addiction.[citation needed] In the 2007 session of the Maryland General Assembly, Anderson, therefore, introduced measures[18] to increase drug treatment[19] funding while requiring the state's courts to refer first time misdemeanor drug users to treatment. The initiative mirrors those adopted on the west coast under California Proposition 36. Anderson's other bill in the drug area represents a major change in Maryland drug policy, HB992, would have repealed the state's without parole provisions from the sentences of second time non-violent drug felons. Referencing the fact that nearly 90% of those incarcerated in Maryland for drug felonies are of African-American descent, Anderson has sought to create a racially equitable solution to the drug problem.[20] The Maryland State Commission of Sentencing Guidelines is also considering changing sentencing guidelines for low level felony drug offenders.[21] Although the bill passed both Houses, it sits on the Governor's desk and could be the subject of the new Governor's first veto.[22] Additionally, Anderson was the House of Delegates floor leader on legislation that would automatically expunge the records of the thousands of young men who have been arrested in

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en.wikipedia.org

Comic publisher romance, crime, war, western, Funny animal, horror, science fiction, satire, adventure Max Gaines Entertaining Comics, more commonly known as EC Comics, was an American publisher of comic books specializing in horror fiction, crime fiction, satire, military fiction and science fiction from the 1940s through the mid-1950s, notably the Tales from the Crypt series. In 1954–55, censorship pressures prompted it to concentrate on the humor magazine Mad, leading to the company's greatest and most enduring success. Initially, EC was privately owned by Maxwell Gaines and specialized in educational and child-oriented stories. Later, during its period of notoriety, it was owned by his son, William Gaines. He sold the company in 1960,[1] and it was eventually absorbed into the same corporation that later purchased DC Comics and Warner Bros. 1 Educational Comics 2 Entertaining Comics 3 Backlash 3.1 "Judgment Day" 4 Mad and later years 5 Reprint history 5.1 Ballantine Books 5.2 The EC Horror Library 5.3 East Coast Comix 5.4 Russ Cochran reprints 5.5 Fantagraphics Books reprints 5.6 IDW EC Artist's Editions 6 EC publications Educational Comics[edit] 225 Lafayette Street, home of EC Comics The firm, first known as Educational Comics, was founded by Max Gaines, former editor of the comic-book company All-American Publications. When that company merged with DC Comics in 1944, Gaines retained rights to the comic book Picture Stories from the Bible, and began his new company with a plan to market comics about science, history and the Bible to schools and churches. A decade earlier, Max Gaines had been one of the pioneers of the comic book form, with Eastern Color Printing's proto-comic book Funnies on Parade, and with Dell Publishing's Famous Funnies: A Carnival of Comics,[2] considered by historians the first true American comic book.[3] Entertaining Comics[edit] When Max Gaines died in 1947 in a boating accident, his son William inherited the comics company. After four years (1942–46) in the Army Air Corps, Gaines had returned home to finish school at New York University, planning to work as a chemistry teacher. He never taught but instead took over the family business. In 1949 and 1950, Bill Gaines began a line of new titles featuring horror, suspense, science fiction, military fiction and crime fiction. His editors, Al Feldstein and Harvey Kurtzman, who also drew covers and stories, gave assignments to such prominent and highly accomplished freelance artists as Johnny Craig, Reed Crandall, Jack Davis, Will Elder, George Evans, Frank Frazetta, Graham Ingels, Jack Kamen, Bernard Krigstein, Joe Orlando, John Severin, Al Williamson, Basil Wolverton, and Wally Wood. With input from Gaines, the stories were scripted by Kurtzman, Feldstein and Craig. Other writers including Carl Wessler, Jack Oleck and Otto Binder were later brought on board. EC had success with its fresh approach and pioneered in forming relationships with its readers through its letters to the editor and its fan organization, the National EC Fan-Addict Club. EC Comics promoted its stable of illustrators, allowing each to sign his art and encouraging them to develop idiosyncratic styles; the company additionally published one-page biographies of them in the comic books. This was in contrast to the industry's common practice, in which credits were often missing, although some artists at other companies, such as the Jack Kirby-Joe Simon team, Jack Cole and Bob Kane had been prominently promoted. EC published distinct lines of titles under its Entertaining Comics umbrella. Most notorious were its horror books, Tales from the Crypt, The Vault of Horror and The Haunt of Fear.[4] These titles reveled in a gruesome joie de vivre, with grimly ironic fates meted out to many of the stories' protagonists. The company's war comics Frontline Combat and Two-Fisted Tales often featured weary-eyed, unheroic stories out of step with the jingoistic times. Shock SuspenStories tackled weighty political and social issues such as racism, sex, drug use and the American way of life. EC always claimed to be "proudest of our science fiction titles",[5] with Weird Science and Weird Fantasy publishing stories unlike the space opera found in such titles as Fiction House's Planet Comics. Crime SuspenStories had many parallels with film noir. As noted by Max Allan Collins in his story annotations for Russ Cochran's 1983 hardcover reprint of Crime SuspenStories, Johnny Craig had developed a "film noir-ish bag of effects" in his visuals, while characters and themes found in the crime stories often showed the strong influence of writers associated with film noir, notably James M. Cain. Superior illustrations of stories with surprise endings became EC's trademark. Gaines would generally stay up late and read large amounts of material while seeking "springboards" for story concepts. The next day he would present each premise until Feldstein found one that he thought he could develop into a story.[6] At EC's peak, Feldstein edited seven titles while Kurtzman handled three. Artists were assigned stories specific to their styles. Davis and Ingels often drew gruesome, supernatural-themed stories, while Kamen and Evans did tamer material.[7] With hundreds of stories written, common themes surfaced. Some of EC's more well-known themes include: An ordinary situation given an ironic and gruesome twist, often as poetic justice for a character's crimes. In "Collection Completed" a man takes up taxidermy in order to annoy his wife. When he kills and stuffs her beloved cat, the wife snaps and kills him, stuffing and mounting his body. In "Revulsion", a spaceship pilot is bothered by insects due to a past experience when he found one in his food. At the conclusion of the story, a giant alien insect screams in horror at finding the dead pilot in his salad. Dissection, the broiling of lobsters, Mexican jumping beans, fur coats and fishing are just a small sample of the kind of situations and objects used in this fashion. The "Grim Fairy Tale", featuring gruesome interpretations of such fairy tal

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en.wikipedia.org

Honorius (emperor) Emperor of the Western Roman Empire Honorius on the consular diptych of Anicius Petronius Probus (406) 23 January 393 – 15 August 423 Flavius Honorius (from birth to accession); Flavius Honorius Augustus (as emperor) (384-09-09)9 September 384 15 August 423(423-08-15) (aged 38) Ravenna, Italia Theodosius I Valentinian III Consort to Thermantia Theodosian Aelia Flaccilla Honorius (Latin: Flavius Honorius Augustus; 9 September 384 – 15 August 423), was Western Roman Emperor from 395 to 423. He was the younger son of emperor Theodosius I and his first wife Aelia Flaccilla, and brother of Arcadius, who was the Byzantine Emperor from 395 until his death in 408. Even by the standards of the rapidly declining Western Empire, Honorius' reign was precarious and chaotic. His reign was supported by his principal general, Flavius Stilicho, who was successively Honorius's guardian (during his childhood) and his father-in-law (after the emperor became an adult). Stilicho's generalship helped preserve some level of stability, but with his execution, the Western Roman Empire moved closer to collapse. 1 Rule 1.1 Early reign 1.2 Stilicho and the defence of Italy 1.3 Constantius and the erosion of the Western Empire 2 Sack of Rome 3 Judgments on Honorius Rule[edit] Early reign[edit] The Western Roman Emperor Honorius, Jean-Paul Laurens (1880). Honorius became Augustus on 23 January 393, at the age of eight. After holding the consulate at the age of two, Honorius was declared Augustus by his father Theodosius I, and thus co-ruler, on 23 January 393 after the death of Valentinian II and the usurpation of Eugenius.[1] When Theodosius died, in January 395, Honorius and Arcadius divided the Empire, so that Honorius became Western Roman Emperor at the age of ten.[2] During the first part of his reign Honorius depended on the military leadership of the general Stilicho, who had been appointed by Theodosius[3] and was of mixed Vandal and Roman ancestry.[4] To strengthen his bonds with the young emperor, Stilicho married his daughter Maria to him.[5] The epithalamion written for the occasion by Stilicho's court poet Claudian survives.[6] Honorius was also greatly influenced by the Popes of Rome, who sought to extend their influence through his youth and weak character. So it was that Pope Innocent I contrived to have Honorius write to his brother, condemning the deposition of John Chrysostom in 407.[7] At first Honorius based his capital in Milan, but when the Visigoths under King Alaric I entered Italy in 401 he moved his capital to the coastal city of Ravenna, which was protected by a ring of marshes and strong fortifications.[8] While the new capital was easier to defend, it was poorly situated to allow Roman forces to protect central Italy from the increasingly regular threat of barbarian incursions. Significant was that the Emperor's residence remained in Ravenna until the overthrow of the last western Roman Emperor in 476. That was probably the reason why Ravenna was chosen not only as the capital of the Ostrogothic Kingdom in Italy, but also for the seat of the Byzantine exarchs as well.[8] Stilicho and the defence of Italy[edit] Inscription honouring Honorius, as florentissimo invictissimoque, the most excellent and invincible, 417–418, Forum Romanum Honorius' reign was plagued by almost constant barbarian incursions into Gaul, Italy and Hispania. At the same time, a host of usurpers rose up due to the apparent inability of the Emperor to see to the Empire's defences. The first crisis faced by Honorius was a revolt led by Gildo, the Comes Africae and Magister utriusque militiae per Africam, in Northern Africa, which lasted for two years (397–398).[9] It was eventually subdued by Stilicho, under the local command of Mascezel, the brother of Gildo.[10] The next crisis was the Visigoth invasion of Italy in 402 under the formidable command of their king, Alaric. Stilicho was absent in Raetia in the latter months of 401, when Alaric, who was also the eastern empire's magister militum in Illyricum, suddenly marched with a large army to the Julian Alps and entered Italy.[11] Stilicho hurried back to protect Honorius and the legions of Gaul and Britain were summoned to defend Italy. Honorius, slumbering at Milan was caught unaware and quickly fled to Asti, only to be pursued by Alaric, who marched into Liguria. Stilicho defeated Alaric at Pollentia, on the river Tanarus on Easter Day (6 April 402) Alaric retreated to Verona, where Stilicho attacked him again. The Visigoths, weakened, were allowed to retreat back to Illyricum.[12] In 405 Stilicho met an invasion of Italy led across the Danube by Radagaisus. They brought devastation to the heart of the Empire, until Stilicho defeated them in 406 and recruited most of them into his forces.[8] Then, in 405/6, an enormous barbarian horde, composed of Ostrogoths, Alans, Vandals and Quadi, crossed the frozen Rhine and invaded Gaul. The situation in Britain was even more difficult. The British provinces were isolated, lacking support from the Empire, and the soldiers supported the revolts of Marcus (406–407), Gratian (407), and Constantine III. Constantine invaded Gaul in 407, occupying Arles, and while Constantine was in Gaul, his son Constans ruled over Britain.[13] By 410, Britain was effectively told to look after its own affairs and expect no aid from Rome.[14] There was good reason for this as the western empire was effectively overstretched due to the massive invasion of Alans, Suebi and Vandals who although they had been repulsed from Italy in 406, moved into Gaul on 31 December 406,[13] and arrived in Hispania in 409. In early 408, Stilicho attempted to strengthen his position at court by marrying his second daughter, Thermantia, to Honorius after the death of the empress Maria in 407[15] Another invasion by Alaric was prevented in 408 by Stilicho when he forced the Roman Senate to pay 4,000 pounds of gold to persuade the Goths to leave Italy.[16] Honorius, in the meantime, was at Bononia, on h

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en.wikipedia.org

For other persons with the same first and last name, see James Witherspoon. Jimmy Witherspoon in June 1976 James Witherspoon (1920-08-08)August 8, 1920 Gurdon, Arkansas September 18, 1997(1997-09-18) (aged 77) Jump blues[1] 1940s–1990s Jimmy Witherspoon (August 8, 1920 – September 18, 1997) was an American jump blues singer.[1] 1 Early life and career 2 Tours and successes 3 Acting 5.1 Chart singles 5.2 LP, CD 5.3 DVDs 5.4 Filmography Early life and career[edit] James Witherspoon was born in Gurdon, Arkansas.[2] He first attracted attention singing with Teddy Weatherford's band in Calcutta, India, which made regular radio broadcasts over the U. S. Armed Forces Radio Service during World War II. Witherspoon made his first records with Jay McShann's band in 1945. In 1949, recording under his own name with the McShann band, he had his first hit, "Ain't Nobody's Business,"[2] a song which came to be regarded as his signature tune. In 1950 he had hits with two more songs closely identifi

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/226

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en.wikipedia.org

National Historic Sites of Canada (Redirected from List of National Historic Sites of Canada) "NHSC" redirects here. For other uses, see NHSC (disambiguation). Fort Howe in Saint John, New Brunswick; its designation in 1914 marked the beginning of the emerging system of National Historic Sites National Historic Sites of Canada (French: Lieux historiques nationaux du Canada) are places that have been designated by the federal Minister of the Environment on the advice of the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada (HSMBC), as being of national historic significance.[1][2] Parks Canada, a federal agency, manages the National Historic Sites program. As of April 2012, there are 965 National Historic Sites of Canada,[3] 167 of which are administered by Parks Canada; the remainder are administered and/or owned by other levels of government or private entities.[4] The sites are located across all ten provinces and three territories, with two sites located in France (the Beaumont-Hamel Newfoundland Memorial and Canadian National Vimy Memorial).[5] Canada has related programs for the designation of Persons of National Historic Significance and Events of National Historic Significance.[6] 1.1 Early developments 1.2 Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada 1.3 Evolution of the program 2 Designations 3 Lists of National Historic Sites by location Early developments[edit] The celebrations of Quebec City's tricentennial in 1908 acted as a catalyst for federal efforts to designate and preserve historic sites. Prince of Wales Fort in Churchill, Manitoba was one of the first two sites designated in Western Canada.[7] Emerging Canadian nationalist sentiment in the late 19th century and early 20th century led to an increased interest in preserving Canada's historic sites.[8] There were galvanizing precedents in other countries. With the support of notables such as Victor Hugo and Eugène Viollet-le-Duc, the Commission des monuments historique was created in France in 1837, and it published its first list of designated sites, containing 934 entries, in 1840. In the United Kingdom, the National Trust for Places of Historic Interest or Natural Beauty was created in 1894 to protect that country's historic and natural heritage.[9][10] While there was no National Park Service in the United States until 1916, battlefields of the Civil War were designated and managed by the War Department: Chickamauga and Chattanooga (created 1890), Antietam (1890), Shiloh (1894), Gettysburg (1895), Vicksburg (1899), and Chalmette (1907).[11][12] Domestically, Lord Dufferin, the Governor General from 1872 to 1878, initiated some of the earliest, high-profile efforts to preserve Canada's historic sites. He was instrumental in stopping the demolition of the fortifications of Quebec City, and he was the first public official to call for the creation of a park on the lands next to Niagara Falls.[12][13] The 1908 tricentennial of the founding of Quebec City, and the establishment that same year of the National Battlefields Commission to preserve the Plains of Abraham, acted as a catalyst for federal efforts to designate and preserve historic sites across Canada.[14] At the same time, the federal government was looking for ways to extend the National Park system to Eastern Canada.[8] The more populated east did not have the same large expanses of undeveloped Crown land that had become parks in the west, so the Dominion Parks Branch (the predecessor to Parks Canada) looked to historic features to act as focal points for new national parks. In 1914, the Parks Branch undertook a survey of historic sites in Canada, with the objective of creating new recreational areas rather than preserving historic places. Fort Howe in Saint John, New Brunswick was designated a national historic park in 1914, named the "Fort Howe National Park". The fort was not a site of significant national historic importance, but its designation provided a rationale for the acquisition of land for a park. Fort Anne in Annapolis Royal, Nova Scotia was also designated in 1917.[15] In 1919, William James Roche, the Minister of the Interior, was concerned over the fate of old fur trade posts in Western Canada, and he was also being lobbied by historical associations across Canada for federal funds to assist with the preservation and commemoration of local landmarks. At the same time, the Department of Militia and Defence was anxious to transfer old forts, and the associated expenses, to the Parks Branch. Roche asked James B. Harkin, the first Commissioner of Dominion Parks, to develop a departmental heritage policy. Harkin believed that the Parks Branch did not have the necessary expertise to manage historic resources; he was troubled by the relatively weak historic value of Fort Howe, the country's first historic park, and feared that the Branch's park improvements were incompatible with the heritage attributes of Fort Anne, the second historic park.[16] Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada[edit] The initial focus of the program was strictly on commemoration rather than preservation or restoration. The ruins of the Fortress of Louisbourg were designated in 1920, but efforts to restore the fortress did not commence until 1961.[17] On Harkin's recommendation, the government created the Advisory Board for Historic Site Preservation (later called the Historic Sites and Monuments Board of Canada) in 1919 in order to advise the Minister on a new program of National Historic Sites.[8] Brigadier General Ernest Alexander Cruikshank, a noted authority on the War of 1812 and the history of Ontario, was chosen as the Board's first chairman, a post he held for twenty years.[18] The first place designated and plaqued under the new program was the "

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/227

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en.wikipedia.org

Nikita Ivanovich Panin Nikita Panin Count Nikita Ivanovich Panin (Russian: Ники́та Ива́нович Па́нин) (September 29 [O.S. September 18] 1718 – April 11 [O.S. March 31] 1783) was an influential Russian statesman and political mentor to Catherine the Great for the first eighteen years of her reign. In that role he advocated the Northern Alliance, closer ties with Frederick the Great of Prussia and the establishment of an advisory privy council. His staunch opposition to the partitions of Poland led to his being replaced by the more compliant Prince Bezborodko. 1 Early career 2 Catherine's reign 4 Personal qualities He was born at Gdańsk, Poland, to the Russian commandant of Pärnu, the Estonian city where he would spend most of his childhood. In 1740 he entered the Russian army, and was rumored to be one of the favorites of the empress Elizabeth. In 1747 he was accredited to Copenhagen as Russian minister, but a few months later was transferred to Stockholm, where for the next twelve years he played a conspicuous part as the chief opponent of the French party. It is said that during his residence in Sweden, Panin, who certainly had a strong speculative bent, conceived a fondness for constitutional forms of government. Politically he was a pupil of Aleksei Bestuzhev; consequently, when in the middle fifties Russia suddenly turned Francophile instead of Francophobe, Panin's position became extremely difficult. However, he found a friend in Bestuzhev's supplanter, Mikhail Vorontsov, and when in 1760 he was unexpectedly appointed the governor of the little grand duke Paul, his influence was assured. Catherine's reign[edit] Panin supported Catherine when she overthrew her husband, Tsar Peter III, and declared herself empress in 1762, but his jealousy of Catherine's lovers caused him to constantly try to sleep with her. Also, his jealousy of the influence which Grigori Orlov and his brothers seemed likely to obtain over the new empress predisposed him to favor the proclamation of his ward the grand duke Paul as emperor, with Catherine as regent only. To circumscribe the influence of the ruling favorites he next suggested the formation of a cabinet council of six or eight ministers, through whom all the business of the state was to be transacted; but Catherine, suspecting in the skillfully presented novelty a subtle attempt to limit her power, rejected it after some hesitation. Nevertheless Panin continued to be indispensable. He owed his influence partly to the fact that he was the governor of Paul, who was greatly attached to him, partly to the peculiar circumstances in which Catherine had mounted the throne, and partly to his knowledge of foreign affairs. Although acting as minister of foreign affai

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en.wikipedia.org

Nuclear weapons in popular culture See also: List of nuclear holocaust fiction and World War III in popular culture A nuclear fireball lights up the night in a United States nuclear test. Since their public debut in August 1945, nuclear weapons and their potential effects have been a recurring motif in popular culture,[1] to the extent that the decades of the Cold War are often referred to as the "atomic age." 1 Images of nuclear weapons 2 In art 3 In comedy 4 In fiction, film, and theater 5 In literature and books 6 In music 7 In video games Images of nuclear weapons[edit] The now-familiar peace symbol was originally a specifically anti-nuclear weapons icon. The atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki ushered in the "atomic age", and the bleak pictures of the bombed-out cities released shortly after the end of World War II became symbols of the power and destruction of the new weapons (it is worth noting that the first pictures released were only from distances, and did not contain any human bodies—such pictures would only be released in later years).[2] The first pictures released of a nuclear explosion—the blast from the Trinity test—focused on the fireball itself; later pictures would focus primarily on the mushroom cloud that followed. After the United States began a regular program of nuclear testing in the late 1940s, continuing through the 1950s (and matched by the Soviet Union), the mushroom cloud has served as a symbol of the weapons themselves. Pictures of nuclear weapons themselves (the actual casings) were not made public until 1960, and even those were only mock-ups of the "Fat Man" and "Little Boy" weapons dropped on Japan—not the more powerful weapons developed more recently. Diagrams of the general principles of operation of thermonuclear weapons have been available in very general terms since at least 1969 in at least two encyclopedia articles, and open literature research into inertial confinement fusion has been at least richly suggestive of how the "secondary" and "inter" stages of thermonuclear weapons work [1]. In general, however, the design of nuclear weapons has been the most closely guarded secret until long after the secrets had been independently developed—or stolen—by all the major powers and a number of lesser ones. It is generally possible to trace US knowledge of foreign progress in nuclear weapons technology by reading the US Department of Energy document "Restricted Data Declassification Decisions - 1946 to the Present" (although some nuclear weapons design data have been reclassified since concern about proliferation of nuclear weapons to "nth countries" increased in the late 1970s). However, two controversial publications breached this silence in ways that made many in the US and allied nuclear weapons community very anxious. Former nuclear weapons designer Theodore Taylor described how terrorists could, without using any classified information at all, design a working fission nuclear weapon to journalist John McPhee, who published this information in the best-selling book The Curve of Binding Energy in 1974.[3] In 1979 the US Department of Energy sued to suppress the publication of an article by Howard Morland in The Progressive magazine detailing design information on thermonuclear and fission nuclear weapons he was able to glean in conversations with officials at several DoE contractor plants active in manufacture of nuclear weapons components. Ray Kidder, a nuclear weapon designer testifying for Morland, identified several open literature sources for the information Morland repeated in his article [2], while aviation historian Chuck Hansen produced a similar document for US Senator Charles Percy [3]. Morland and The Progressive won the case, and Morland published a book on his journalistic research for the article, the trial, and a technical appendix in which he "corrected" what he felt were false assumptions in his original article about the design of thermonuclear weapons in his book, The Secret That Exploded.[4] The concepts in Morland's book are widely acknowledged in other popular-audience descriptions of the inner workings of thermonuclear weapons, even here in Wikipedia. During the 1950s, many countries developed large civil-defense programs designed to aid the populace in the event of nuclear warfare. These generally included drills for evacuation to fallout shelters, popularized through popular media such as the US film, Duck and Cover. These drills, with their images of eerily empty streets and the activity of hiding from a nuclear bomb under a schoolroom desk, would later become symbols of the seemingly inescapable and common fate created by such weapons. Many Americans—at least among the wealthier classes—built back-yard fallout shelters, which would provide little protection from a direct hit, but would keep out wind-blown fallout, for a few days or weeks (Switzerland, which never acquired nuclear weapons, although it had the technological sophistication to do so long before Pakistan or North Korea, has built nuclear blast shelters that would protect most of its population from a nuclear war.)[5][6] After the development of hydrogen bombs in the 1950s, and especially after the massive and widely publicized Castle Bravo test accident by the United States in 1954, which spread nuclear fallout over a large area and resulted in the death of at least one Japanese fisherman, the idea of a "limited" or "survivable" nuclear war became increasingly replaced by a perception that nuclear war meant the potentially instant end of all civilization: in fact, the explicit strategy of the nuclear powers was called Mutual Assured Destruction. Nuclear weapons became synonymous with apocalypse, and as a symbol this resonated through the culture of nations with freedom of the press. Several popular novels—such as Alas, Babylon and On the Beach—portrayed the aftermath of nuclear war. Several science-fiction novels, such as A Canticle for Leibowitz, explored the long-term consequences. Stanley Kubrick's film Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb satirically portrayed the events and the thinking that could begin a nuclear war. Nuclear weapons are also one of the main targets of peace organizations. The CND (Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament) was one of the main organisations campaigning against the 'Bomb'. Its symbol, a combination of the semaphore symbols for "N" (nuclear) and "D" (disarmament), entered modern popular culture as an icon of peace. In art[edit] The power and the visual effects of atomic weapons have inspired many artists. Some notable examples include: James Acord's efforts to use uranium in his sculptures Chesley Bonestell's The H-Bomb Hits Lower New York Gregory Green's mockups of atomic devices Tony Price's antinuclear sculpture James Rosenquist's F-111 (1964–65) Jim Sanborn's mockups of atomic devices and historic experiments [4] Eugene Von Bruenchenhein's post-nuclear landscapes Andy Warhol's silkscreen Atomic Bomb (1965) Sandra Lahire's 16 mm film Uranium Hex (1987) In comedy[edit] The mushroom cloud is familiar enough to be treated with humor in a Les Paul advertising campaign. The comedian/lyricist Tom Lehrer penned a number of humorous and well known songs relating to nuclear weapons. His song Who's Next? took up the issue of nuclear proliferation, chronicling the acquisition of nuclear weapons by various nations, then theorizing on "Who's Next," ending with Luxembourg, Monaco, and Alabama becoming nuclear powers, while We Will All Go Together When We Go looked at the brighter side of nuclear holocaust (not having to mourn over the death of others, since "When the air becomes uranious/ We will all go simultaneous"). It assumes that the entire planet will be instantaneously wiped clean by nuclear fire, and bypasses the much grimmer idea of radiation poisoning. A third song by Lehrer, So Long Mom (A Song From World War III), was introduced as existing because, "If any songs are going to come out of World War III, we had better start writing them now," and tells the tale of a young soldier marching off to nuclear war, promising his mother that "Although I may roam, I'll come back to my home/ Although it may be a pile of debris" and also satirizing the likely extremely short duration of a major nuclear war ("And I'll look for you when the war is over/ An hour and a half from now!"). "Weird Al" Yankovic also made a light hearted spin on nuclear annihilation in his song Christmas at Ground Zero, which describes "A Jolly Holiday underneath a Mushroom cloud". In fiction, film, and theater[edit] See also: List of films about nuclear issues Nuclear weapons are a staple element in science fiction novels. The phrase "atomic bomb" predates their existence, back to H. G. Wells' The World Set Free (1914) when scientists had discovered that radioactive decay implied potentially limitless energy locked inside of atomic particles (Wells' atomic bombs were only as powerful as conventional explosives, but would continue exploding for days on end). Robert A. Heinlein's 1940 Solution Unsatisfactory posits radioactive dust as a weapon that the US develops in a crash program to end World War II; the dust's existence forces drastic changes in the postwar world. Cleve Cartmill predicted a chain-reaction-type nuclear bomb in his 1944 science fiction story "Deadline," which led to the FBI investigating him, due to concern over a potential breach of security on the Manhattan Project. (see Silverberg). Many of the characteristics of nuclear weapons themselves have played on ages-old human themes and tropes (penetrating rays, persistent contamination, virility, and, of course, apocalypse), giving their standing in popular culture and politics a particularly emotional valence (both positive and negative). For example, the book Down to a Sunless Sea (1979 novel) is set in a post-holocaust environment, as what may be one of the last planeloads of survivors tries to find a place to land. Nuclear weapons have even been featured in children's works: The Butter Battle Book, by Dr. Seuss, deals with deterrence and the arms race. I Live in Fear, a 1955 Japanese film directed by Akira Kurosawa, is about a Japanese businessman who is terrified of nuclear war and was among the earliest films to deal with the psychological impact of nuclear weapons. Many films, some of which were based on novels, feature nuclear war or the threat of it. Godzilla (1954) is considered by some to be an analogy to the nuclear weapons dropped on Japan, another pre-dating film The Beast from 20,000 Fathoms being the start of a more general genre of movies about creatures mutated or awakened by nuclear testing. Them! (1954) (giant ants in Los Angeles sewers) is based on a similar premise. The Incredible Shrinking Man (novel) (film, 1957) starts with a sailor irradiated by a bomb test, based on a real incident of irradiation of Japanese fisherman. In A Canticle for Leibowitz, (novel, no film, 1959) the previous war is known as the "Flame Deluge"; On the Beach (novel 1957, film 1959, television miniseries 2000) is most famous for making the end of humanity a theme in popular thinking on nuclear war; Final War (Japan, 1960) nuclear war erupts after the USA accidentally bombs South Korea. The 1962 film This is Not a Test addresses the reactions and emotions of a group of people in the minutes prior to a nuclear attack. Some non-fiction works of the time had an effect on cultural works. Herman Kahn's innovative non-fiction book On Thermonuclear War, (1961) describing various nuclear war scenarios, was never widely popular, but the seeming outlandishness of its projections and the possibility of a "Doomsday Machine" (an idea Kahn got from Leo Szilard before relatively small, deliverable thermonuclear weapons were developed in 1954) as a way to prevent war were direct inspirations for director Stanley Kubrick to handle Dr. Strangelove or: How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Love the Bomb as a black comedy. (Menand, 2005) The 1964 film was loosely based on Red Alert, and a later novelization of the film was also written by the original author Peter George. Fail-Safe (novel 1962) (film 1964) (live-TV remake 2000) was a dramatic version of a similar accidental war that came out soon after. The Bedford Incident,a 1964 film based on the 1961 book of the same name,depicts a game of Naval cat and mouse between the Destroyer USS Bedford and a Soviet submarine that ends with the Nuclear torpedoing of the Bedford.The War Game (BBC TV film, 1965) was a documentary-style film about the effects of nuclear war on England while Planet of the Apes (1963 novel, and five films 1968-1973) was about an Earth ruled by apes because of a nuclear war that destroyed mankind. Damnation Alley (1977) features a chilling launch and destruction sequence, followed by a trek across a ruined America; Taiyō o Nusunda Otoko / The Man Who Stole the Sun (1979), When the Wind Blows (British graphic novel 1982, animated film 1986). Special Bulletin was a 1983 made for TV movie about anti-nuclear activists detonating a home built nuclear device in Charleston, South Carolina,the film was shot in a live breaking news show format. The Day After became known for its realistic representation of nuclear war and groundbreaking special effects for a television movie. The Day After (1983) was a "made for TV" movie that became fodder for talk shows and commentary by politicians at the time due to its depiction of the runup to a nuclear war between the US and the Soviets with graphic explosions on American soil, the aftermath of the attack and alleged political causes. Testament (1983), another postwar vision of survival in a small California town after WWIII; WarGames (1983), features a young computer hacker who nearly starts World War Three when he inadvertently breaks into a fictional NORAD supercomputer named WOPR (War Operation Plan Response) to play the latest video games; The Terminator (4 films, 1984, 1991, 2003, 2009) features a post-apocalyptic future in which artificial intelligence has become self-aware,identifies all humans as a threat and uses the worlds nuclear arsenal to destroy mankind.(all James Cameron films from 1986 through 1994 deal with nuclear explosions); Red Dawn (film, directed by John Milius) a Soviet/Cuban invasion follows a surprise limited nuclear strike on the US (1984), Mad Max (3 films, 1979–1985),a loner Australian highway patrolman wanders a bleak violent post apocalyptic wasteland. Countdown to Looking Glass, (1984) a 'docudrama,' shows an international incident, the breakdown in diplomacy, the escalation in international tensions leading up to a nuclear crisis, the breakout of ground and naval combat overseas, and ends with the president taking off in the airborne E-4 command post ("Looking Glass") and the activation of the Emergency Broadcast System and air raid sirens. Manhattan Project (1986), is not about the actual The Manhattan Project but how, using stolen plutonium, a high school student builds an atomic bomb for a science class project. Threads (BBC TV production made 1984, shown 1985), based on British government exercise Square Leg, shows the effects of an all-out nuclear war on the UK. Project X (1987) which deals with testing of lethal exposures to nuclear radiation on chimpanzees. In Miracle Mile (1988) a musician visiting the "Miracle Mile" area of Los Angeles receives a wrong number phone call and hears a conversation in the background saying that a nuclear attack on the United States is imminent. Denial, confusion, fear and panic ensue before the attack as the protagonist scrambles to save himself and a woman he met earlier in the day. By Dawn's Early Light (1990) portrays an accidental limited nuclear exchange between the US and the Soviet Union after a "false-flag" attack on Soviet territory by Russian ultra nationalist terrorists seemingly launched from a US base in Turkey, and attempts to stop hostilities before they spiral into an all-out nuclear war. Broken Arrow (1996) depicts the theft of two thermonuclear weapons by a rogue US bomber pilot. ("Broken Arrow" is military jargon for an accidental nuclear event; the theft of nuclear devices depicted in the film would actually be classified as an "Empty Quiver" by the US Department of Defense.). The 1984 book The Fourth Protocol by

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Out of the Blue (Electric Light Orchestra album) Cover art by Shusei Nagaoka Studio album by Electric Light Orchestra May–August 1977, Musicland Studios, Munich Symphonic rock, art rock, progressive rock Jet (UK) United Artists (US) Electric Light Orchestra chronology The Light Shines On Three Light Years Singles from Out of the Blue "Turn to Stone" Released: October 1977 "Mr. Blue Sky" Released: January 1978 "Sweet Talkin' Woman" "Wild West Hero" Released: May 1978 "It's Over" Out of the Blue is the seventh studio album by the British rock group Electric Light Orchestra (ELO), released in October 1977. Written and produced by ELO frontman Jeff Lynne, the double album is among the most commercially successful records in the group's history. 1 Recording 1.1 Concerto for a Rainy Day 2 Cover art 3.1 Reception and legacy 4 Track listing 4.1 30th Anniversary Edition 5 Personnel 6 Certifications 7.1 Chart positions 7.2 Year-end charts Recording[edit] Jeff Lynne wrote the entire album in three and a half weeks after a sudden burst of creativity while hidden away in his rented chalet in the Swiss Alps. It took a further two months to record in Munich. Side three of the original double LP consisted of the symphonic Concerto for a Rainy Day, composed of four separate tracks which together made up a cohesive suite, instead of one continuous track. The inclement weather effects heard on "Concerto" were real and recorded by Lynne during a very rainy summer in Munich 1977. The Concerto suite would be Lynne's last dabbling in symphonic rock. Concerto for a Rainy Day[edit] Side three of the release is subtitled "Concerto for a Rainy Day", a four track musical suite based on the weather and how it affects mood change, ending with the eventual sunshine and happiness of "Mr. Blue Sky". This was inspired by Lynne's experience while trying to write songs for the album against torrential rain outside his Swiss Chalet. "Standin' in the Rain" opens the suite with a haunting keyboard over a recording of real rain, recorded by Jeff Lynne just outside his rented studio. Also heard at the 30 second point of the song marking the beginning of The Concerto is thunder crackling in an unusual manner voicing the words "Concerto for a Rainy Day" by the band's keyboardist, Richard Tandy. At around the 1 minute mark the staccato strings play a morse code spelling out ELO. The band used the song to open their 1978 Out of the Blue concerts. "Big Wheels" forms the second part of the suite and continues with the theme of the weather and reflection followed by the more optimistic third part "Summer and Lightning". Apart from its inclusion on the Out of the Blue album, the song has never appeared on any of the band's compilations or as a B-side until 2000, when Lynne included it on the group's retrospective Flashback album. "Summer and Lightning" is the third song in the suite. The raining weather theme is continued throughout the track though the mood and lyrics are more optimistic. "Mr. Blue Sky", an uplifting, lively song celebrating sunshine, is the finale of "Concerto for a Rainy Day" suite. It is the only piece from the Concerto to be excerpted as a single. Cover art[edit] The large spaceship on the album's cover (by now symbolic of the group) was designed by Kosh with art by Shusei Nagaoka. It was based on the logo Kosh designed for ELO's previous album, A New World Record,[1] which connected with Star Wars and Close Encounters of the Third Kind fever. It also looks like a space station with a docking shuttle from 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968).[2] The number JTLA 823 L2 which is featured on the shuttle arriving at the space station is the original catalogue number for the album. The album also included an insert of a cardboard cutout of the space station as well as a fold-out poster of the band members. The space theme was carried onto the live stage in the form of a huge glowing flying saucer stage set, inside which the band performed. Professional ratings Review scores

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en.wikipedia.org

Penal Laws (Ireland) "Penal Laws" redirects here. For penal law as understood in the English law system see Penal law. In Ireland, Penal Laws (Irish: Na Péindlíthe) are a series of laws imposed in an attempt to force Irish Catholics and Protestant dissenters (such as Presbyterians) to accept the reformed denomination as defined by the English state established Anglican Church and practised[1] by members of the Irish state established Church of Ireland.[2] Any remaining penal laws were finally repealed in 1920 by the Government of Ireland Act. 1 Stuart and Cromwellian rule 3 Ascendancy rule 1691–1778 4 The Catholic Committees 5 Gradual reform and emancipation 1778–1869 5.1 Emancipation 5.2 Tithe reform 6 Final repeal of remaining penal laws 7 Mentioned into the 20th century Stuart and Cromwellian rule[edit] Main article: European wars of religion The Penal Laws were, according to Edmund Burke "a machine of wise and elaborate contrivance, as well fitted for the oppression, impoverishment and degradation of a people, and the debasement in them of human nature itself, as ever proceeded from the perverted ingenuity of man."[3] Initially, the dual monarchs of England and Ireland were cautious about applying the Penal Laws to Ireland because they needed the support of the Catholic upper classes to put down the Gaelic Irish rebellion in the Nine Years War (1594–1603). In addition, a significant section of the Catholic aristocracy was Old English who had traditionally been loyal to English rule in Ireland. However, the ascent of James VI of Scotland to both the English and Irish thrones as James I in 1603 and the eventual victory in the Nine Years War saw a series of coercive new laws put into force. In 1605 the 'Gunpowder Plot' was planned by a group of English Catholics, who were disappointed in their hopes that James would relieve laws against Catholics. This provided a further impetus and justification for restrictive laws on Catholics in Ireland, Scotland and England. In 1607 the Flight of the Earls seeking Catholic help in Europe for a further revolt set the scene for a wholesale Plantation of Ulster by the Scots and English. From 1607, Catholics were barred from holding public office or serving in the army. This meant that the Irish Privy Council and the Lords Justice who, along with the Lord Deputy of Ireland, constituted the government of the country, would in future be Anglicans. In 1613, the constituencies of the Irish House of Commons were altered to give plantation settlers a majority. In addition, Catholics in all three Kingdoms had to pay 'recusant fines' for non-attendance at Anglican services. Catholic churches were transferred to the Anglican Church of Ireland. Catholic services, however, were generally tacitly tolerated as long as they were conducted in private. Catholic priests were also tolerated, but bishops were forced to operate clandestinely. In 1634 the issue of the "Graces" arose; generous taxation for Charles I (whose Queen Henrietta Maria was Catholic) was voted by Irish Catholic landlords on the understanding the laws would be reformed, but once the tax was voted Charles' viceroy refused two of the 51 Graces, and subsequent bills were blocked by the Catholic majority in the Irish House of Lords. Catholic resentment was a factor in starting the Irish Rebellion of 1641 and the establishment of Confederate Ireland from 1642 with Papal support, that was eventually put down in the Cromwellian conquest of Ireland in 1649–53. After the Act of Settlement in 1652, Catholics were barred from membership in the Irish Parliament, and the major landholders had most of their lands confiscated under the Adventurers Act. They were banned from living in towns for a short period. Catholic clergy were expelled from the country and were liable to instant execution when found. Many recusants had to worship in secret at gathering places (such as Mass rocks) in the countryside. Seventeen Catholic martyrs from this period were beatified in 1992. 1660–1693[edit] Much of this legislation was rescinded after the English Restoration by Charles II (1660–1685), under the "Declaration of Breda" in 1660, in terms of worship and property-owning, but also the first Test Act became law from 1673. Louis XIV of France increased Protestant paranoia in Europe when he expelled the Huguenots from France in 1685. Following the flight from England to Ireland by James II caused by the English "Glorious Revolution" in 1688, the decisions of the Catholic-majority Patriot Parliament of 1688–9 in Dublin included a complete repeal of the 1650s land settlements.[4] These were reversed after the largely Roman Catholic Jacobites that sided with King James then lost the Williamite war in Ireland in 1689–91. His opponents William and Mary were grandchildren of King Charles I, and so the war ultimately decided whether Catholic or Protestant Stuarts would reign. The war ended with the Treaty of Limerick agreed by Sarsfield and Ginkel in October 1691.[1] This provided in article 1 that: The Roman Catholics of this kingdom shall enjoy such privileges in the exercise of their religion as are consistent with the laws of Ireland, or as they did enjoy in the reign of king Charles the second: and their majesties, as soon as their affairs will permit them to summon a parliament in this kingdom, will endeavour to procure the said Roman Catholics such farther security in that particular, as may preserve them from any disturbance upon the account of their said religion. The quid pro quo to attain these privileges involved swearing an oath of loyalty to William and Mary. Many Catholics found this oath repugnant when the Papacy started to support the Jacobites in 1693. A small number of Catholic landlords had sworn this loyalty oath in 1691–3 and their families remained protected. Previous Jacobite garrison surrenders, particularly the agreement at Galway earlier in 1691, specifically provided that the Catholic gentry of counties Galway and Mayo were protected from the property restrictions, though they would be excluded from direct involvement in politics. Articles 2 and 9 required that: 2. .... provided also, that no person whatsoever shall have or enjoy the benefit of this article, that shall neglect or refuse to take the oath of allegiance, made by act of parliament in England, in the first year of the reign of their present majesties, when thereunto required. 9. The oath to be administered to such Roman Catholics as submit to their majesties' government, shall be the oath abovesaid and no other. At the European level, this war was a part of the War of the Grand Alliance, in which the Holy See supported William III's alliance against France, and on the news of the Battle of the Boyne a Te Deum was sung in thanksgiving at the Vatican. But from 1693 the Papacy changed its policy and supported James against William, and William's policy also moved from a degree of toleration for Catholics to greater hostility. By then, King James was based in France at Saint Germain, and was supported politically and financially by Louis XIV, the long-standing enemy of William and Mary. Religion eventually became an issue in defining a notable family's loyalty to the crown. Ascendancy rule 1691–1778[edit] With the defeat of Catholic attempts to regain power and lands in Ireland, a ruling class which became known later as the "Protestant Ascendancy" sought to ensure dominance with the passing of a number of laws to restrict the religious, political and economic activities of Catholics and Dissenters. Harsher laws were introduced for political reasons during the long War of the Spanish Succession that ended in 1714. The son of James II, the "Old Pretender", was recognised by the Holy See as the legitimate king of Britain and Ireland until his death in 1766, and Catholics were obliged to support him. He also approved the appointments of all the Irish Catholic hierarchy, who were drawn from his most fervent supporters. These aspects provided the political excuses for the new laws passed for several decades after 1695. Interdicts faced by Catholics and Dissenters under the Penal Laws were: Exclusion of Catholics from most public offices (since 1607), Presbyterians were also barred from public office from 1707. Ban on intermarriage with Protestants; repealed 1778 Presbyterian marriages were not legally recognised by the state Catholics barred from holding firearms or serving in the armed forces (rescinded by Militia Act of 1793) Bar from membership in either the Parliament of Ireland or the Parliament of England from 1652; rescinded 1662–1691; renewed 1691–1829, applying to the successive parliaments of England (to 1707),

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en.wikipedia.org

Phoroneus In Greek mythology, Phoroneus[pronunciation?] (Φορωνεύς) was a culture-hero of the Argolid, fire-bringer, primordial king of Argos and son of the river god Inachus and either Melia, the primordial ash-tree nymph[1] or Argia, the embodiment of the Argolid itself: "Inachus, son of Oceanus, begat Phoroneus[2] by his sister Argia," wrote Hyginus, in Fabulae 143. Hyginus' genealogy expresses the position of Phoroneus as one[3] of the primordial men, whose local identities differed in the various regions of Greece,[4] and who had for a mother the essential spirit of the very earth of Argos herself, Argia. He was the primordial king in the Peloponnesus, authorized by Zeus: "Formerly Zeus himself had ruled over men, but Hermes created a confusion of human speech, which spoiled Zeus' pleasure in this Rule".[5] Phoroneus introduced both the worship of Hera and the use of fire and the forge.[6] Poseidon and Hera had vied for the land: when the primeval waters had receded, Phoroneus "was the first to gather the people together into a community; for they had up to then been living as scattered and lonesome families". (Pausanias). Phoroneus was said to have been married to Cinna,[7] or Cerdo,[8] or Teledice (or Laodice) the nymph,[9][10] or Perimede,[11] or first to Peitho and second to Europe,[12] and to have fathered a number of children, some of whom are dealt with below; others include Apis (Greek mythology), Car,[13] Chthonia, Clymenus,[14] Sparton,[15] Lyrcus[16] and Europs, an illegitimate son.[17] An unnamed daughter of his is said to have consorted with Hecaterus.[18] In Argive culture, Niobe is associated with Phoroneus, sometimes as his mother, sometimes as his daughter, or else, likely, as his consort (Kerenyi). His successor was Argus, who was Niobe's son, either by Zeus or Phoroneus himself. He was also the father of Apis, who may have a

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en.wikipedia.org

Sandy Alomar, Jr. (Redirected from Sandy Alomar, Jr) This biographical article needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (February 2010) Cleveland Indians – No. 15 Born: (1966-06-18) June 18, 1966 (age 47) Salinas, Puerto Rico Batted: Right Threw: Right MLB debut September 30, 1988 for the San Diego Padres Last MLB appearance September 30, 2007 for the New York Mets Games managed Win–loss record Winning % As player San Diego Padres (1988–1989) Cleveland Indians (1990–2000) Chicago White Sox (2001–2002) Colorado Rockies (2002) Los Angeles Dodgers (2006) Chicago White Sox (2006) As coach Cleveland Indians (2010–present) As manager Cleveland Indians (2012) Career highlights and awards 6× All-Star (1990–1992, 1996–1998) AL Rookie of the Year (1990) MLB All-Star Game MVP (1997) Santos "Sandy" Alomar Velázquez, Jr. (Spanish pronunciation: [aloˈmar], /ˈæləmɑr/; born June 18, 1966), is a professional baseball catcher, coach, and manager. He played in Major League Baseball catcher for the San Diego Padres, Cleveland Indians, Chicago White Sox, Colorado Rockies, Texas Rangers, Los Angeles Dodgers, and New York Mets between 1988 and 2007. [1] Alomar is a six-time All-Star. He is the son of former major leaguer Sandy Alomar, Sr., and the brother of Hall of Fame second baseman Roberto Alomar. [2] 1 Major league career 2 Coaching career Major league career[edit] Alomar was a highly regarded catcher in the San Diego organization after being named Baseball America Minor League Player of the Year in both 1988 and 1989, but he was blocked behind Benito Santiago at the Major League level. After two short call-ups with the Padres, he finally got his chance at an everyday job after being traded to Cleveland after the 1989 season along with Carlos Baerga and Chris James, in exchange for power-hitter Joe Carter. Once in Cleveland, he established himself immediately, becoming the first rookie catcher to start an All-Star game and winning both Rookie of the Year honors and a Gold Glove Award.

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en.wikipedia.org

Mary (mother of Jesus) (Redirected from St Mary) This article is an overview. For specific views, see: Anglican, Eastern Orthodox, Ecumenical, Islamic, Latter Day Saint, Lutheran, Protestant, and Roman Catholic perspectives. For other uses see Saint Mary (disambiguation) and Virgin Mary (disambiguation) Our Lady of Vladimir, one of the holiest medieval representations of the Theotokos. According to the Bible, Mary (מרים; c. 18 BC – c. 41 AD), also known as Saint Mary or Virgin Mary, was a Jewish woman of Nazareth in Galilee. She is identified in the New Testament[Mt 1:16,18-25][Lk 1:26-56][2:1-7] as the mother of Jesus through divine intervention. Mary (Maryam) also has a revered position in Islam, where a whole chapter of the Qur'an is devoted to her. Christians hold her son Jesus to be Christ (i.e., the messiah) and God the Son Incarnate. By contrast, Muslims regard Jesus as one of the prophets of God sent to humanity; not as God himself nor the Son of God. The canonical gospels of Matthew and Luke describe Mary as a virgin (Greek παρθένος, parthénos).[1] Traditionally, Christians believe that she conceived her son miraculously by the agency of the Holy Spirit. Muslims believe that she conceived her son miraculously by the command of God. This took place when she was already betrothed to Saint Joseph and was awaiting the concluding rite of marriage, the formal home-taking ceremony.[2] She married Joseph and accompanied him to Bethlehem, where Jesus was born.[3] In keeping with Jewish custom, the betrothal would have taken place when she was around 12, and the birth of Jesus about a year later.[4] The Gospel of Luke in the New Testament begins its account of Mary's life with the Annunciation, when the angel Gabriel appeared to her and announced her divine selection to be the mother of Jesus. Although she does not seem to have been present in Jesus' public ministry, Mary was present at the crucifixion and is depicted as a member of the early Christian community in Jerusalem. Apocryphal writings tell that she never died but assumed into Heaven, both her body and soul in the assumption. Mary is the most respected female figure in Christianity, venerated since early times,[5][6] and is considered by millions to be the most meritorious saint of the Church. Christians of the Catholic Church, the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodox Church, Anglican Communion, and Lutheran churches believe that Mary, as Mother of Jesus, is the Mother of God and the Theotokos, literally "Bearer of God". There is significant diversity in the Marian beliefs and devotional practices of major Christian traditions. The Catholic Church holds distinctive Marian dogmas; namely her status as the mother of God, her Immaculate Conception, the perpetual virginity of Mary, and the Assumption of Mary into Heaven.[7] Many Protestants see a minimal role for Mary within Christianity, based on the argued brevity of biblical references.[8] A series of articles on Mother of Jesus Presentation of Mary Presentation of Jesus at the Temple Finding in the Temple Marian perspectives Ecumenical (Christian) Catholic Mariology Papal teachings Dogmas and doctrines Theotokos: Mother of God Mary in Culture 2 In ancient sources 2.1 New Testament 2.1.1 Specific references 2.1.2 Family and early life 2.1.3 Mary in the life of Jesus 2.1.4 After the Ascension of Jesus 2.2 Later Christian writings and traditions 3 Christian devotion 3.1 2nd to 5th centuries 3.2 Middle Ages 3.3 Since the Reformation 3.4 Titles 3.5 Marian feasts 3.5.1 Depiction within Renaissance Art 4 Christian doctrines 5 Perspectives on Mary 5.1 Christian perspectives on Mary 5.1.1 Anglican view 5.1.2 Catholic view 5.1.3 Orthodox view 5.1.4 Protestant view 5.1.4.1 Lutheran view 5.1.4.2 Methodist view 5.1.5 Latter Day Saints 5.1.6 Nontrinitarian view 5.2 Islamic perspective 5.3 Other views 5.3.1 Pagan Rome 5.3.2 In Judaism 5.3.3 4th-century Arabia 5.3.4 Study of the historical Jesus 6 Cinematic portrayals 7 Image gallery 8 Music Names[edit] The English name "Mary" comes from the Greek Μαρία, which is a shortened form of Μαριάμ. The New Testament name was based on her original Hebrew name מִרְיָם or Miriam or Miryam. [9] Both Μαρία and Μαριάμ appear in the New Testament. In Christianity, Mary is commonly referred to as Virgin Mary, in accordance with the belief that she conceived Jesus miraculously through the Holy Spirit without her husband's involvement. Among her many other names and titles are Saint Mary, Blessed Virgin Mary, Mother of God in Western churches, Theotokos in Orthodox Christianity, and Maryam, mother of Isa, in Islam. In ancient sources[edit] New Testament[edit] The Annunciation by Eustache Le Sueur, an example of 17th century Marian art. The Angel Gabriel announces to Mary her pregnancy with Jesus and offers her White Lilies The New Testament account of her humility and obedience to the message of God have made her an exemplar for all ages of Christians. Out of the details supplied in the New Testament by the Gospels about the maid of Galilee, Christian piety and theology have constructed a picture of Mary that fulfills the prediction ascribed to her in the Magnificat (Luke 1:48): "Henceforth all generations will call me blessed." — "Mary." Web: 29Sep2010 Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Specific references[edit] Luke's gospel mentions Mary most often, identifying her by name twelve times, all of these in the infancy narrative (1:27,30,34,38,39,41,46,56; 2:5,16,19,34). Matthew's gospel mentions her by name five times, four of these (1:16,18,20; 2:11) in the infancy narrative and only once (13:55) outside the infancy narrative. Mark's gospel names her once by name (6:3) and mentions her as Jesus' mother without naming her in 3:31. John's gospel refers to her twice but never mentions her by name. Described as Jesus' mother, she makes two appearances in John's gospel. She is first seen at the wedding at Cana of Galilee[Jn 2:1-12] which is mentioned only in the fourth gospel. The second reference in John, also exclusively listed this gospel, has the mother of Jesus standing near the cross of her son together with the one of Jesus's apostle, St. John, referred as "disciple whom Jesus loved".[Jn 19:25-26] John 2:1-12 is the only text in the canonical gospels in which Mary speaks to (and about) the adult Jesus. In the Book of Acts, Luke's second writing, Mary and the "brothers of Jesus" are mentioned in the company of the eleven who are gathered in the upper room after the ascension.[Acts 1:14] In the Book of Revelation,[12:1,5-6] John's apocalypse never explicitly identifies the "woman clothed with the sun" as Mary of Nazareth, the mother of Jesus. Jean-Pierre Ruiz makes that connection in an article in New Theology Review.[10] Family and early life[edit] The New Testament tells little of Mary's early history. The 2nd century Gospel of James is the first source to name her parents as Joachim and Anne.[11] John 19:25 states that Mary had a sister, but she is never referred to in the Bible again.[12] According to St. Luke, Mary was a cousin of Elizabeth, wife of the priest Zechariah of the priestly division of Abijah, who was herself part of the lineage of Aaron and so of the tribe of Levi.[Luke 1:5;1:36] Some of those who consider that the relationship with Elizabeth was on the maternal side, consider that Mary, like Joseph, to whom she was betrothed, was of the House of David and so of the tribe of Judah, and that the genealogy of Jesus presented in Luke 3 from Nathan, third son of David and Bathsheba, is in fact the genealogy of Mary, while the genealogy from Solomon given in Matthew 1 is that of Joseph.[13][14] (Aaron's wife Elisheba was of the tribe of Judah, so all his descendents are from both Levi and Judah.)[Num.1:7 & Ex.6:23] The Virgin's first seven steps mosaic from Chora Church, c. 12th century. Mary resided in "her own house"[Lk.1:56] in Nazareth in Galilee, possibly with her parents, and during her betrothal—the first stage of a Jewish marriage—the angel Gabriel announced to her that she was to be the mother of the promised Messiah by conceiving him through the Holy Spirit, and she accepted His Divine Will in perfect virtue of humility and responded, "I am the handmaid of the Lord. Let it be done unto me according to Your word." [15] After a number of months, when Joseph was told of her conception in a dream by "an angel of the Lord", he was surprised; but the angel told him to be unafraid and take her as his wife, which Joseph did, thereby formally completing the wedding rites.[16][Mt 1:18-25] Since the angel Gabriel had told Mary (according to Luke 1:19) that Elizabeth—having previously been barren—was then miraculously pregnant, Mary hurried to see Elizabeth, who was living with her husband Zechariah in "Hebron, in the hill country of Judah".[17] Mary arrived at the house and greeted Elizabeth who called Mary "the mother of my Lord", and Mary spoke the words of praise that later became known as the Magnificat from her first word in the Latin version.[Luke 1:46-55] After about three months, Mary returned to her own house.[Lk 1:56-57] According to the Gospel of Luke, a decree of the Roman emperor Augustus required that Joseph return to his hometown of Bethlehem to be taxed. While he was there with Mary, she gave birth to Jesus; but because there was no place for them in the inn, she used a manger as a cradle.[18]:p.14 [2:1ff] After eight days, he was circumcised according to Jewish law, and named "JESUS" which mean, "God saves" [Luke 2:21] in accordance with the instructions that the angel had given to Mary in Luke 1:31, and Joseph was likewise told to call him Jesus in Matthew 1:21. After Mary continued in the "blood of her purifying" another 33 days for a total of 40 days, she brought her burnt offering and sin offering to the temple,[citation needed] so the priest could make atonement for her sins, being cleansed from her blood.[Leviticus 12:1-8] They also presented Jesus—"As it is written in the law of the Lord, Every male that openeth the womb shall be called holy to the Lord" (Luke 2:23 other verses). After the prophecies of Simeon and the prophetess Anna in Luke 2:25-38 concluded, Joseph and Mary took Jesus and "returned into Galilee, to their own city Nazareth".[Luke 2:39] Sometime later, the "wise men" arrived at the house where Jesus and his family were staying, and they fled by night and stayed in Egypt for a while, and returned after Herod died in 4 BC and took up residence in Nazareth.[Mat.2] Mary in the life of Jesus[edit] Stabat Mater in the Valle Romita Polyptych by Gentile da Fabriano, c. 1410-1412 Mary is involved in the only event in Jesus' adolescent life that is recorded in the New Testament. At the age of twelve Jesus, having become separated from his parents on their return journey from the Passover celebration in Jerusalem, was found among the teachers in the temple.[19]:p.210 [Lk 2:41-52] After Jesus' baptism by John the Baptist and his temptations by the devil in the desert, Mary was present when, at her suggestion, Jesus worked his first Cana miracle during a marriage they attended, by turning water into wine.[Jn 2:1-11] Subsequently there are events when Mary is present along with James, Joseph, Simon, and Judas, called Jesus' brothers, and unnamed "sisters". [Mt 1:24-25] [12:46] [13:54-56] [27:56] [Mk 3:31] [6:3] [15:40] [16:1] [Jn 2:12] [7:3-5] [Gal 1:19] [Ac 1:14] Following Jerome, the Church Fathers interpreted the words translated as "brother" and "sister" as referring to close relatives.[20] [21] There is also an incident which can be interpreted as Jesus rejecting his family in the New Testament: "And his mother and his brothers arrived, and standing outside, they sent in a message asking for him[Mk 3:21] ... And looking at those who sat in a circle around him, Jesus said, 'These are my mother and my brothers. Whoever does the will of God is my brother, and sister, and mother.'"[22][3:31-35]. Mary is also depicted as being present among the women at the crucifixion during the crucifixion standing near "the disciple whom Jesus loved" along with Mary of Clopas and Mary Magdalene,[Jn 19:25-26] to which list Matthew 27:56 adds "the mother of the sons of Zebedee", presumably the Salome mentioned in Mark 15:40. This representation is called a Stabat Mater.[23][24] Mary, cradling the dead body of her Son, while not recorded in the Gospel accounts, is a common motif in art, called a "pietà" or "pity". After the Ascension of Jesus[edit] In Acts 1:26, especially v. 14, Mary is the only one to be mentioned by name other than the eleven apostles, who abode in the upper room, when they returned from mount Olive. (It is not stated where the later gathering of about one hundred and twenty disciples was located, when they elected Matthias to fill the office of Judas Iscariot who perished.) Some speculate that the "elect lady" mentioned in 2 John 1:1 may be Mary. From this time, she disappears from the biblical accounts, although it is held by Catholics that she is again portrayed as the heavenly woman of Revelation.[Rev 12:1] Her death is not recorded in the scriptures. However, Catholic and Orthodox tradition and doctrine have her assumed (taken bodily) into Heaven. Belief in the corporeal assumption of Mary is universal to Catholicism, in both Eastern and Western Catholic Churches, as well as the Eastern Orthodox Church,[25][26] Coptic Churches, and parts of the Anglican Communion and Continuing Anglican Churches.[27] Later Christian writings and traditions[edit] The Dormition: ivory plaque, late 10th-early 11th century (Musée de Cluny). According to the apocryphal Gospel of James Mary was the daughter of Saint Joachim and Saint Anne. Before Mary's conception Anna had been barren and was far advanced in years. Mary was given to service as a consecrated virgin in the Temple in Jerusalem when she was three years old, much like Hannah took Samuel to the Tabernacle as recorded in the Old Testament.[28] Some apocryphal accounts state that at the time of her betrothal to Joseph, Mary was 12–14 years old, and he was thirty years old, but such accounts are unreliable.[29] Mary, according to Christianity, never died because she was free from Original Sin since her creation. One of the results of Original Sin is death but because Mary was an Immaculate Conception, she never had to face the consequence of it. Instead, she was assumed into Heaven, body and soul to prevent the Mother of God, the perfect innocent one, from seeing bodily corruption in soil. This aspect is questionable considering that the birth of subsequent sons James, Simon, Joseph, Jude and several daughters have already been widely acknowledged by bible writers.[citation needed] Hyppolitus of Thebes claims that Mary lived for 11 years after the death of her Son, dying in 41 AD.[30] The earliest extant biographical writing on Mary is Life of the Virgin attributed to the 7th-century saint, Maximus the Confessor which portrays her as a key element of the early Christian Church after the death of Jesus.[31][32][33] In the 19th century, a house near Ephesus in Turkey was found, based on the visions of Anne Catherine Emmerich, an Augustinian nun in Germany.[34][35] It has since been visited as the House of the Virgin Mary by Roman Catholic pilgrims who consider it the place where Mary lived until her assumption.[36][37][38][39] The Gospel of John states that Mary went to live with the Disciple whom Jesus loved,[Jn 19:27] identified as John the Evangelist. Irenaeus and Eusebius of Caesarea wrote in their histories that John later went to Ephesus, which may provide the basis for the early belief that Mary also lived in Ephesus with John.[40][41] Christian devotion[edit] Main article: Marian devotions 2nd to 5th centuries[edit] Christian devotion to Mary goes back to the 2nd century and predates the emergence of a specific Marian liturgical system in the 5th century, following the First Council of Ephesus in 431. The Council itself was held at a church in Ephesus which had been dedicated to Mary about a hundred years before.[42][43][44] In Egypt the veneration of Mary had started in the 3rd century and the term Theotokos was used by Origen, the Alexandrian Father of the Church.[45] The earliest known Marian prayer (the Sub tuum praesidium, or Beneath Thy Protection) is from the 3rd century (perhaps 270), and its text was rediscovered in 1917 on a papyrus in Egypt.[46][47] Following the Edict of Milan in 313, by the 5th century artistic images of Mary began to appear in public and larger churches were being dedicated to Mary, e.g., S. Maria Maggiore in Rome.[48][49][50] Middle Ages[edit] The Middle Ages saw many legends about Mary, and also her parents and even grandparents.[51] Since the Reformation[edit] General perspective Specific views Marian veneration Latter Day Saint Prayers and devotions Ecumenical views Over the centuries, devotion and veneration to Mary has varied greatly among Christian traditions. For instance, while Protestants show scant attention to Marian prayers or devotions, of all the saints whom the Orthodox venerate, the most honored is Mary, who is considered "more honorable than the Cherubim and more glorious than the Seraphim".[52] Orthodox theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote: "Love and veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary is the soul of Orthodox piety. A faith in Christ which does not include his mother is another faith, another Christianity from that of the Orthodox church."[53] Although the Catholics and the Orthodox may honor and venerate Mary, they do not view her as divine, nor do they worship her. Catholics view Mary as subordinate to Christ, but uniquely so, in that she is seen as above all other creatures.[54] Similarly Theologian Sergei Bulgakov wrote that the Orthodox view Mary as "superior to all created beings" and "ceaselessly pray for her intercession". However, she is not considered a "substitute for the One Mediator" who is Christ.[53] "Let Mary be in honor, but let worship be given to the Lord", he wrote.[55] Similarly, Catholics do not worship Mary, but venerate her. Catholics use the term hyperdulia for Marian veneration rather than latria that applies to God and dulia for other saints.[56] The definition of the three level hierarchy of latria, hyperdulia and dulia goes back to the Second Council of Nicaea in 787.[57] Devotions to artistic depictions of Mary vary among Christian traditions. There is a long tradition of Roman Catholic Marian art and no image permeates Catholic art as does the image of Madonna and Child.[58] The icon of the Virgin is without doubt the most venerated icon among the Orthodox.[59] Both Roman Catholics and the Orthodox venerate images and icons of Mary, given that the Second Council of Nicaea in 787 permitted their veneration with the understanding that those who venerate the image are venerating the reality of the person it represents,[60] and the 842 Synod of Constantinople confirming the same.[61] The Orthodox, however, only pray before and venerate flat, two-dimensional icons and not three-dimensional statues.[62] The Anglican position towards Mary is in general more conciliatory than that of Protestants at large and in a book he wrote about praying with the icons of Mary, Rowan Williams, the Archbishop of Canterbury said: "It is not only that we cannot understand Mary without seeing her as pointing to Christ; we cannot understand Christ without seeing his attention to Mary."[63][64] Titles[edit] Main article: Titles of Mary Eleusa Theotokos with scenes from the life of Mary, 18th century Titles to honor Mary or ask for her intercession are used by some Christian traditions such as the Eastern Orthodox or Catholics, but not others, e.g., the Protestants. Common titles for Mary include Mother of God (Theotokos), The Blessed Virgin Mary (also abbreviated to "BVM"), Our Lady (Notre Dame, Nuestra Señora, Nossa Senhora, Madonna) and the Queen of Heaven (Regina Caeli).[65][66] Specific titles vary among Anglican views of Mary, Ecumenical views of Mary, Lutheran views of Mary, Protestant views on Mary, and Roman Catholic views of Mary, Latter Day Saint views on Mary, Orthodox views of Mary. In addition to Mary in Islam. Mary is referred to by the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Anglican Church, and all Eastern Catholic Churches as Theotokos, a title recognized at the Third Ecumenical Council (held at Ephesus to address the teachings of Nestorius, in 431). Theotokos (and its Latin equivalents, "Deipara" and "Dei genetrix") literally means "Godbearer". The equivalent phrase "Mater Dei" (Mother of God) is more common in Latin and so also in the other languages used in the Western Catholic Church, but this same phrase in Greek (Μήτηρ Θεοῦ), in the abbreviated form of the first and last letter of the two words (ΜΡ ΘΥ), is the indication attached to her image in Byzantine icons. The Council stated that the Church Fathers "did not hesitate to speak of the holy Virgin as the Mother of God".[67][68][69] Some titles have a Biblical basis, for instance the title Queen Mother has been given to Mary since she was the mother of Jesus, who was sometimes referred to as the "King of Kings" due to his lineage of King David. The biblical basis for the term Queen can be seen in the Gospel of Luke 1:32 and the Book of Isaiah 9:6, and Queen Mother from 1 Kings 2:19-20 and Jeremiah 13:18-19.[70] Other titles have arisen from reported miracles, special appeals or occasions for calling on Mary, e.g., Our Lady of Good Counsel, Our Lady of Navigators or Our Lady of Ransom who protects captives.[71][72][73][74] The three main titles for Mary used by the Orthodox are Theotokos, i.e., Mother of God (Greek Θεοτόκος), Aeiparthenos, i.e., Ever Virgin (Greek ἀειπαρθὲνος), as confirmed in the Fifth Ecumenical Council 553, and Panagia, i.e., All Holy (Greek Παναγία).[52] A large number of titles for Mary are used by Roman Catholics, and these titles have in turn given rise to many artistic depictions, e.g., the title Our Lady of Sorrows has resulted in masterpieces such as Michelangelo's Pietà.[75] Marian feasts[edit] Main article: Marian feast days (includes lists of feast days) The earliest feasts that relate to Mary grew out of the cycle of feasts that celebrated the Nativity of Jesus. Given that according to the Gospel of Luke (Luke 2:22-40), forty days after the birth of Jesus, along with the Presentation of Jesus at the Temple Mary was purified according to Jewish customs, the Feast of the Purification began to be celebrated by the 5th century, and became the "Feast of Simeon" in Byzantium.[76] Village decorations during the Feast of the Assumption in Għaxaq, Malta. In the 7th and 8th centuries four more Marian feasts were established in the Eastern Church. In the Western Church a feast dedicated to Mary, just before Christmas was celebrated in the Churches of Milan and Ravenna in Italy in the 7th century. The four Roman Marian feasts of Purification, Annunciation, Assumption and Nativity of Mary were gradually and sporadically introduced into England by the 11th century.[76] Over time, the number and nature of feasts (and the associated Titles of Mary) and the venerative practices that accompany them have varied a great deal among diverse Christian traditions. Overall, there are significantly more titles, feasts and venerative Marian practices among Roman Catholics than any other Christians traditions.[75] Some such feasts relate to specific events, e.g., the Feast of Our Lady of Victory was based on the 1571 victory of the Papal States in the Battle of Lepanto.[77][78] Differences in feasts may also originate from doctrinal issues—the Feast of the Assumption is such an example. Given that there is no agreement among all Christians on the circumstances of the death, Dormition or Assumption of Mary, the feast of assumption is celebrated among some denominations and not others. [66][79] While the Catholic Church celebrates the Feast of the Assumption on August 15, some Eastern Catholics celebrate it as Dormition of the Theotokos, and may do so on August 28, if the

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en.wikipedia.org

Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive (Redirected from Washingtonpost Newsweek Interactive) Washingtonpost.Newsweek Interactive was an online subsidiary of The Washington Post Company, headquartered in Arlington, Virginia, United States. WPNI operated washingtonpost.com, the website of the Washington Post, as well as the Web sites Newsweek.com, Slate, Foreign Policy Magazine, Budget Travel Online,

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/235

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Google+ ENG Mail @pravda.ru RussiaWorldSocietyScienceIncidentsOpinionBusiness Photo Society » Real life stories Sadistic methods of raising children absolutely normal in US 30.01.2013 More than strange methods of "education" (more like tortures), which became known to the general public during the trials of adoptive parents in the United States, should not be regarded as the fruit of sick imagination of mentally challenged individuals. As it turns out, this "therapy" is recommended in the United States to suppress the will of foster children and make them attach to their foster parents. The followers of such practice already actively support and promote it in Russia. Jessica Bigley became famous overnight not only in her state of Alaska, but also far beyond its borders. All thanks to a home video, which she sent to a popular TV show. The footage shows the woman making her adoptive boy from Russia rinse his mouth with hot pepper sauce, forbidding him to spit it out. Afterwards, she made the child stand under a cold shower. The boy can be heard screaming and begging the woman to stop the tortures. Click here to see the video. While watching this video, many women in the studio were crying. The Commissioner for Children's Rights of the Russian Federation Pavel Astakhov compared the scenes in the video with "tortures of prisoners in Guantanamo." Jessica was very surprised when, instead of appraisals for her methods of "education," she was condemned. She said that she was doing the things that experts recommended her to do. The court took those factors into consideration and sentenced the foster mother to only six months on probation and a $ 2,500 fine. The Leszczynskis also got off with a probation punishment for abusing their three daughters, whom they adopted from Russia. They forced them to run for tens of kilometers, push up from a board, so that the girls had their fists deformed. They also made the children stand on their heads for a long time and exposed them to cold showers. For a slightest offense, the parents would send the girls to sleep in a doghouse. One of the girls nearly suffocated in water: when being punished for slow mowing, the parents aimed a water hose at her. Finally, the Cravers were sentenced to only a few months in prison, although their adopted son Ivan (Vanya) Skorobogatov was hospitalized with serious head injuries incompatible with life. All of the above cases (in fact, there are a lot more of such stories) have something in common. They depict wild and downright savage attitude exercised towards foster children, as well as soft punishments that seem to be incomparable to committed offense. According to US-based human rights organization Parents Against Domestic Violence, incidents of child abuse entail a punishment of at least three years in prison. However, when it comes to children from Russia, the terms turn to probational ones. This phenomenon has an explanation. It is called the lack-of-attachment syndrome. This diagnosis, along with fetal alcohol syndrome, is attributed in the United States to adopted children, especially to those adopted from Russia. The above-mentioned horrific stories are published on the website of the Advocates for Children in Therapy - an American human rights organization founded by leading U.S. experts in the field of child psychology and psychiatry with a purpose to fight pseudo-scientific theories, dangerous to children's life and health. One of the most common theories of this kind is known as Attachment Therapy. The videos on the website of the Advocates for Children in Therapy demonstrate the methods of this "therapy." One of the videos shows a little girl of about seven, who is forced to lie down on a mat. A big woman (weighing about 100 kilos) lies on top of her. The girl screams in pain, she can hardly breathe. The woman is heard yelling at her: "Will you stop behaving like that?" When discussing the ban on the adoption of Russian orphans by Americans, the psychologists, who criticize the methods of AT, wrote on discussion boards that the majority of injuries and deaths among children adopted from Russia were connected with the use of this "therapy." The fact is that the followers of this practice insist that all foster children suffer from the attachment disorder syndrome - no matter at what age they found themselves in an orphanage. This means that parents are not to blame for not being able to establish a contact with such children. Children are always to blame. Bigley, the Cravers, and the Leszczynskis - all of them asked for advice and help from the psychologists practicing AT. One can say that those parents are not actually guilty, because they learned of such sadistic methods from specialists. It is also recommended to starve foster children, wrap them up in a carpet and sit on top (such videos can be found on the website of the Advocates for Children in Therapy). "These activities have no scientific basis. The described methods of this" therapy" are beyond the humane attitude to a human being, they are associated with violence, both physical and moral). The results of this work led to several deaths - six children aged from 3 to 13 years died. In this case we are talking about the methods to break children's personality brutally," psychologist Tatiana Kuzmishina told Pravda.Ru. The website of the Advocates for Children in Therapy writes that Attachment Therapy today represents the most dangerous form of fraud in the United States. For most defenseless and vulnerable children, who live in custody institutions, with foster families, this pseudo-therapy caries nothing but unbearable suffering. How on Earth the suggestion of fear, hunger, pain and humiliation can lead to attachment, faith, love? How can it all make a child happy? A year ago, one of the most ardent supporters of this "therapy" - Nancy Thomas - lectured in Russia's Yekaterinburg. On the website of a local public organization, she was touted as "one of the leading experts in the field of early attachment and family therapy." Foster parents and employees of child services were invited to attend the lecture. Advocates for Children in Therapy said that before developing the fondness for AT methods, Nancy Thomas was fond of breeding dogs. Not surprisingly, she recommends, for example, the following in one of her lectures: "The child may get completely out of control at times. Then we sit down on top of the child. Before that, I used to do that to dogs, and it was much more dangerous with their fangs and claws than it is with a child . I take a good book and read it while sitting on a child." The "expert" also said that the majority of foster children "work for the devil and pray to the devil." AT practitioners also claim that without the "therapy" children will become psychopathic killers and "Hitlers." One of such foster mothers, who received recommendations from AT "specialists," called the police and handed her adopted five-year-old child to an orphanage after she saw a kitchen knife in the child's hands. The woman assumed that the child was going to kill her. Many countries that "supplied" their children to the adoption market have started to introduce restrictions in this area. In 2007, there were 4,726 children exported from Guatemala to the United States. In 2009, the number reduced to 754, in 2011 - to only 32. Vietnam also banned the "export" of its children. In 2007, U.S. citizens adopted 828 Vietnamese children, in 2010 - 9, in 2011 - 0. Even the Chinese export of children to the U.S. has decreased by 50% over the past five years. It is worth mentioning that in 2010, well-known American expert in the field of child psychology and psychiatry, Professor Jean Mercer, wrote in an open letter to the Russian Ombudsman for Children's Rights about the need for a moratorium on adoptions of Russian orphans by U.S. citizens. The reason - too many traumas and deaths among foster children from the use of AT. As they say, time has come. Svetlana Smetanina Pravda.Ru Read the original in Russian Print version Code for blog Popular How American conspiracies profit from global inertia Mikhail Gorbachev to be tried for the collapse of USSR Culling the human herd in the 21st century Yulia Tymoshenko to set the whole world against Russia Ladies of the night in Eastern Europe looking forward to NATO troops to come Will Russia protect its culture from Western rubbish? Medicating childhood - An American zombie Apocalypse Mind Control in the 21st Century - Science Fiction & Beyond (PART II) Keep on cracking jokes, Ukraine! 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How American conspiracies profit from global inertiaWashington is humanity's worst enemyUkraine: Time for reflection in a new realityAmerica to invade UkraineTony Blair, George W. Bush and David Cameron: Hi-jacking God?CIA Director Brennan Blamed for Civil War in Ukraine Video Kiev junta to hire Right Sector nationalists to kill Ukraine creates special forces against pro-Russian… Jewish community center shooting: How was it possible? NATO supporting al-Qaeda in Syria? Ukraine: Time for reflection in a new reality Tony Blair, George W. Bush and David Cameron: Hi-jacking God? CIA Director Brennan Blamed for Civil War in Ukraine Western Looting Of Ukraine Has Begun Ukraine: Anti-Fascist freedom fighters take the initiative Why American police incite riots Ukrainian special unit refuses to storm captured buildings Ukraine has all opportunities to build nuclear weapons Animism is alive and well in South-East Asia: What can we learn? US in Syria: A donkey with two bags of gold will win any war The Ukraine ploy, Syria pivot Copyright © 1999-2014, «PRAVDA.Ru». When reproducing our materials in whole or in part, hyperlink to PRAVDA.Ru should be made. The opinions and views of the authors do not always coincide with the point of view of PRAVDA.Ru's editors. Select spelling error with mouse and press Ctrl+Enter

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Foreign Policy In Focus Bulgarians Wear Their Pessimism as a Badge In 2009, Bulgarian pessimism was worse than that of Iraqis and Afghans. By John Feffer, January 5, 2013. Print Cross-posted from JohnFeffer.com. John is currently traveling in Eastern Europe and observing its transformations since 1989. Bulgarians are proud to be pessimistic. Many of the people that I recently interviewed in the country spoke with pride of the various polls that bore out this depressing conclusion. So, for instance, in a 2009 Gallup poll, Bulgaria ranked at the very bottom of the world in their view of what life would be like for them five years hence. Incredibly, Bulgarian pessimism outperformed that of Iraqis and Afghans. Given the huge rate of emigration from Bulgaria, it’s also possible that all the optimists simply up and left. If you look at more recent polls, it would seem that Bulgaria has been robbed of its dubious distinction. A quick Google search reveals that Greece has become the world’s most pessimistic country. But looked at more carefully, the most recent Gallup poll reveals that, thanks to the sovereign debt crisis, Europeans have all become a little bit Bulgarian. The pessimism index shows that Denmark and Poland now rank at the same level as Bulgaria. And even lower down the list are France, Germany, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Austria, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, and Greece. Pessimism is becoming a European disease. What distinguishes Bulgarian pessimism from the garden-variety strain, however, is that Bulgarians are gloomy regardless of the economic situation in their country. This paradox prompted a group of distinguished researchers to conduct an anthropological investigation back in 2003. Their report, Optimistic Theory about the Pessimism of the Transition, points out that Bulgarians, even young people, measure their sense of relative wellbeing from 1989, rather than the economic crisis of 1997. Large portions of the population – pensioners, the unemployed, the poorly educated, public sector employees – believe that they have not profited from the transition out of communism. The reinforcement of negative attitudes in the media also contributes to the prevailing pessimism, particularly in creating the impression that “the few” have prospered because of their “connections” while “other people” are not doing well at all – regardless of how the respondent feels about his or her own life. Moreover, this research bears out the conclusion that Bulgarians generally don’t appreciate the virtues of democracy while forgetting the vices of communism. But perhaps the most compelling source of pessimism is neighbor envy: “An enduring sense of frustration arises from the considerable difference between economic conditions in Bulgaria and the developed countries. As a result, society focuses its attention on the country’s lagging behind ‘the developed countries’ rather than on the relative improvement from earlier, more unfavorable economic periods. Contrasted with those countries, the Bulgarian nation views itself as a systematic loser.” Maya Mircheva works at the Open Society office in Sofia, helping with exchanges between people living in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. She was still in kindergarten in 1989, yet she has all the pessimism of her elders. She has said goodbye to many of her friends who have left the country. She has watched the emptying out of the countryside. She has witnessed the entrenched corruption and apathy. “For my generation and the generation that has come after us, I’d say that it’s a lost generation,” she told me in Sofia back in October. “We had the misfortune, if I could put it this way, to grow up in a vacuum. For me, this whole period of transition, well, they say ‘transition,’ but I don’t see the end of it coming. It’s been 20 years. It’s the longest transition in history! I can see that young people are very disillusioned. They lack this spark. They don’t feel that anything depends on them or that they can do anything to change the world.” As the interview progresses, however, she indulges in a bit of cautious optimism. “Of course, I’m not saying that everything is doom and gloom, even though I might sound like this. I’m Bulgarian after all. There are also some things that give you hope and optimism. It gives me hope, for example, to see these grassroots movements emerging little by little. That people are engaging, though on a limited level, in some form of activism is also a very good sign.” The Interview So, I understand that the level of pessimism in Bulgaria is very high? It’s among the worst in the world, which is really surprising. This study was done back in the early 2000s, and they looked at your economic circumstances and how happy you are with your life. It turned out that they’re not really that interrelated. Bulgaria has improved its economic conditions compared to the 1990s. But actually people’s satisfaction has gone down, which is an interesting thing to explore. Also, when they asked people, “What do you think about the situation in Bulgaria in general,” people are more optimistic. When they asked people about their own personal situation, it was much worse. It doesn’t make much sense if you think that society as a whole is on the right track but your own life is getting worse! Okay, time to apply the test to you. If you look at the situation for Bulgaria since 1989 until today, how would you evaluate it on a scale of 1 to 10, with 1 being most dissatisfied and 10 most satisfied? And then your own person situation since 1989, when you were six years old? Then, if you look at the next couple of years, how optimistic are you? 3. I’m a stereotypical Bulgarian! Let me ask you first about 1989. You were telling me two stories, one about scarves and another about cartoons. In 1989, I was still in kindergarten. I went to first grade at 6 years old, which was somewhat unusual back then. Children usually go rather late to first grade, at age seven. But since I was somewhat sickly, I didn’t stay very long in kindergarten, so my mother sent me to first grade. In 1989, the children from first to third grade wore blue scarves, and the Pioneers were the ones who wore the red ones. My brother got to wear both because he went to school before 1990. I was really looking forward to this as well when I got to first grade. But it was exactly 1990, and we didn’t get any of these. Actually, when I was five or six, I was a bit of a poet. I wrote little poems. When I look at them now, there were 2-3 dedicated to that time, including one about my being very excited about this scarf. The other one was my expressing frustration with all the demonstrations going on every day. Apparently I was very much influenced by what I was seeing on TV. There were a lot of people on the streets. In the first days and weeks and months, people were so excited about the changes, so they were demonstrating, not against something, just letting themselves be seen, letting their new views be known. They were going on the streets for these freedom parades. For me apparently, as I said, it was a bit of a nuisance, because it disrupted my normal life up to then. These are my earliest memories. And you mentioned that these parliamentary discussions interrupted your cartoons. They canceled the cartoons! I was very disappointed. Do you remember at what point you came to understand what took place in 1989-1990? Maybe it was not until I was in seventh grade. It coincided with the period of the end of the 1990s, with the big economic crisis, around 1996-7. This was when I was a little bit older and it started to dawn on me a bit that things were not exactly as they should be. Until then, and actually after then, I really didn’t care much about politics. When I look back at that time, the things I miss are the things from everyday life, like certain kinds of food that we had back then that we don’t have any more. For example, we had these pastry bars, these confectioners, called sladkarnitsa. They sold this sort of pastry made of dough and lots of sugary syrup called tolumbichki. You couldn’t get Coke, but you could get boza. You know boza? It’s a very typical drink. It’s still very popular. I don’t really like it that much now, because I’m not used to drinking it any more. But I liked it back then. It’s made from some fermented grain. It’s sweet and thick. Things like this were the peak of people’s gourmandise at the time. Now you have Burger King and McDonalds. Another thing I miss from that time is the way my grandmother’s village once was. My grandmother lives in a small village that since the 1990s has really deteriorated in terms of all the businesses that have closed down. There was a local cinema, a library, and now everything is closed down. In the village, it’s 89 percent old people, more than 90 percent Turkish. All the young people, like my mother, migrated to the cities. When I was younger, when I went to my grandmother’s village, I could go to the library and borrow some books. I can no longer do any of that when I go there now. It’s just a dead place. That’s one of the bad things about the transition for me. For some reason, everything that’s outside the capital, the provinces, has been very negatively affected. When you were in high school, as you were getting ready to go to university, what was the average conversation you had with your friends about life in Bulgaria? You said that the whole country was pretty pessimistic. Were you enthusiastic about going to school? Or were people just making plans to go abroad? In the case of my high school, everyone was making plans to go abroad. I went to a high school with a very intensive teaching of foreign languages. I went to a German-speaking high school where we learned German very intensively and also languages like English. While in high school, we had this option to undergo an even more intensive training at the end of which we could receive a language certificate that gave you the right to study in Germany without passing an aptitude test. Even I passed this. Most of my class did this, and two-thirds went to study in Germany, and very few came back. I was one of the few who decided not to go, mostly for personal reasons because I didn’t feel ready. For me at the time it was a big step. I’d only been abroad just once. That generation of young people had been all over Europe. But for me, the first time I went abroad was in 2000, when I was in the eighth grade. We went to Austria. Bulgaria wasn’t an EU member back then, so we had to apply for a visa. It was a totally different experience for me, this first time abroad. Maybe that’s why, when I graduated, and I had to decide whether to go abroad and study that I decided to stay here. We Bulgarians, and this is something very different from America, have very strong family ties, especially parents with their children. Even today, my mother feels that she has to take care of me even though I’m almost 30! But this is normal in our social circumstances. So, I didn’t go abroad because I thought I wasn’t ready and I would be homesick and miss my family. But most of my friends went abroad. In the conversations we had during high school, they talked about their intention to go abroad. It wasn’t something they decided to do on a whim. Even back then, the situation was like that. When they talked about going abroad, did they intend to stay or eventually come back? I mean, who goes abroad with the intention of coming back? Very few of my friends came back. The people who came back were the ones who failed, who didn’t finish their studies. In Germany the tuition fees are very low, but still they have to work to support themselves. The studies are very hard, not like here in Bulgaria, so you have to study hard. And it’s difficult to work and study at the same time. So most ended up dropping out of school and just working. In the end, either they lost their jobs or decided to come back. Most graduated and stayed there. Some got really nice jobs. Of course, I wouldn’t blame them if they don’t come back. That’s how it is. Do you regret staying here? I can’t say that I’m here forever. Who knows, maybe I too will go abroad if the opportunity arises. I didn’t do my BA abroad, but I did two masters overseas, plus an exchange year abroad, so I did get around quite a bit. I already see myself as not tied to this country. There are some Bulgarians who are, well, maybe not patriotic, but they claim to miss Bulgaria when they are abroad. They emigrate, but all the time they are abroad they miss Bulgaria. They don’t come back because they know they’re better off over there. I’m not one of these. It’s true that I’ve not been abroad for more than a year at a time, but I never actually felt homesick. And I always managed to integrate really well. I actually enjoy being in a multicultural environment, something that I miss here in Bulgaria because we’re such a homogenous society. I don’t get to communicate much with foreigners in my daily life, which is something that I really enjoyed when I was a student. So I don’t think it would be a problem for me. I don’t feel like I missed out on it completely. Someday, I will go somewhere, though I don’t know whether it will be permanent or not. Where did you do your master’s degrees? I did one in the Netherlands in Maastricht, a small city near the border with Belgium and Germany. The second one I did in Belgium, in Bruges. You’re working at Open Society, and you do a lot of work with the East-East project. That’s my major job at the moment. The program encourages exchanges within the region but also Bulgaria and other parts of the world. Not the whole world. Basically only southeast Europe and Central Asia. It has certain ambitions to go global. But the global work of East-East is still very much in a pilot stage. There was some research linking continents, like South America and Europe. But I don’t think any organizations from Bulgaria participated in that. Does that satisfy at least a little your desire to be in touch with other countries? That’s one part of my job that I really enjoy doing. And I’m grateful for this opportunity. I have a background in European studies. I studied a lot about Europe, the EU. But I didn’t really know very much about the neighboring regions, the Caucasus, Central Asia. Or even other Eastern European countries, because European Studies is still very much focused on the West. You look to the West and the core of the EU like some kind of example. Even though you’re in the region here, you’re oblivious to the other countries around you. That’s a shame. I felt very much ashamed when I began working here. I realized that I didn’t really know much about the region. I felt very happy to participate in these annual meetings of coordinators in the East-East network, where we convene each year in a different city in the network. We don’t see each other much in person. We just communicate by email. During these meetings, I don’t just have a chance to meet these people but we have conversations and exchange ideas about situations in our countries. For me, this is what I enjoy most about this work. It really broadens your horizons. What’s your attitude about Bulgaria’s entrance into the EU? It was such a dream for many people in this country for so long. But how do you feel, having your entire life framed by the desire to be part of Europe and then ultimately becoming part of Europe? And then of course your studies… Although we are part of the EU, it doesn’t mean that we feel ourselves part of the EU. Or that we have the ability to really subscribe to EU values. Here’s an example that’s very funny. Maybe you haven’t used any public transport here? I’ve taken the tram. Then you know what I’m talking about. On many trams there is a sticker on the window with a Bulgarian flag and an EU flag and a caption that basically urges people not to litter. It says, “Please be Europeans. Don’t litter and don’t destroy the vehicle.” This really tells you something about Europe and us not being part of Europe. Europeans are civilized, the ones who behave. And we are still barbarians. This is how Bulgarians think of Europe. I don’t really think we’ve internalized being EU members. Europe is not seen as a package of rules and obligations that you have to adhere to. It’s just a donor and you have to figure out ways to get money from Europe one way or another. You know about this cooperation and verification mechanism, the monitoring of our judicial system. This is an example of once we’re in the EU, the EU loses its teeth, loses its ability to influence internal reforms. During the process of applying to EU, the conditionality was much stronger — if you don’t comply, you’re not in. But once you’re in, they don’t have as much influence. It’s not just a problem with Bulgaria but with all other EU member states. Look at the situation in Spain and Italy, and I’m not just talking about the financial crisis. I heard on the news yesterday that because Bulgaria has failed to comply with regulations concerning the use of renewable energy — not surprisingly — we are threatened by the European commission with an infringement procedure. It’s not just Bulgaria. Almost all EU countries have been subject to the same infringement procedure. Once you’re in the EU, when you’re part of the club, suddenly you no longer feel under pressure to comply like you did when you were trying to get in. It’s a matter of developing your own political and administrative culture and developing the political responsibility to become a well-governed country. The EU or some other organization can’t force you to do this if you’re not willing to do it yourself. That’s an interesting tension between the need for a country to do it on its own and an external set of pressures. Right now, I guess that Bulgaria is in the middle of that. Do you feel as if there is a missing generation here in Bulgaria? So many people of your age have left Bulgaria. Do you feel that as a palpable lack? When you get together with people of your own age, is there any sense of pride about being here in Bulgaria instead of somewhere else. I definitely feel that there is a big lack, that all these people are no longer here. This is one of my major concerns. This brain drain is one of our biggest problems. People of all sorts emigrate, of course, but especially the most educated ones are mostly likely not to come back. I’ve read that there’s a trend of more and more people coming back, especially people from the first emigration wave of the early 1990s when the borders opened. Opportunities for doing business here are relatively better now than before. But for my generation and the generation that has come after us, I’d say that it’s a lost generation. We had the misfortune, if I could put it this way, to grow up in a vacuum. For me, this whole period of transition, well, they say “transition,” but I don’t see the end of it coming. It’s been 20 years. It’s the longest transition in history! I can see that young people are very disillusioned. They lack this spark. They don’t feel that anything depends on them or that they can do anything to change the world. There are very few idealists who have the potential to become leaders and do something. Most young people have this passive attitude toward life. They live life from day to day. They believe that there is no future for them, without realizing that they are the ones who make their own future. Of course you cannot just generalize. There are also many people who stay here on a matter of principle and may feel proud of this. But I don’t think that the majority of young people feel very optimistic about the future here. Maybe it’s because, as I said, at the time when they grew up there was also this value shift that came with the changes. The old values are no longer there. But also the new values are still very unsettled. The beginning of the 1990s was a time for these shady millionaires. For a long time, even today, many young people believe that the reason for living is to get rich very quickly. This is all they care about. I don’t know if you’re aware of this phenomenon of chalga. If you want to study Bulgaria, this is something you need to look into. I call it a social cultural phenomenon. It’s a kind of music. But it’s more than just music for me. This music became very popular during those years. On the face of it, it’s pop music. It’s a mixture of Balkan styles: Serbian and Greek melodies with a pop feeling. I find this music horrible and tasteless. That’s just my personal opinion and the opinion of many other people, with taste. But there are a lot of people who love this music. They don’t just love the tunes. They subscribe to the whole culture, the whole concept that this music is transmitting. When you look at the videos of these songs — the style of the singers, the lyrics — then it gets pretty obvious. Because they sing about money, about sex. It’s kind of subtle. Actually it’s not so subtle! It’s a social phenomenon as well. A lot of young people listen to it. They don’t just listen to it. They behave like it. Girls like to dress like these singers. They’re role models. The dress is folk style dresses? No, how to put it, they dress in a sexually provocative way. It has some relationship to Serbian turbo folk? Yes, it’s very similar. It’s a phenomenon of these years. It was unheard of before, of course. It’s interesting to ask why it suddenly became so popular. When you talk to people who are basically my age and older, 50 and above, do you ever feel like they just don’t understand, based on their own experience, and you just want to shake them and say, “Look, Bulgaria is not the same any more!” Do you ever get that frustrated feeling? The generation gap is a big issue. Also, in our case. some people still say that Bulgaria will never get out of its transition until the generation who lived at that time dies out. It’s partly true. There’s still a nomenklatura who is part of both politics and business. These people still follow the old ways. And all the problems that we’ve had with corruption — really, the whole mentality that is not European or modern — many of these people have lived this for so many years, they’re not going to change, even after 20 years. If they lived in the old system for most of their lives, and they managed to achieve a certain position under the old regime, they’re going to continue to live this way and work this way. I don’t know what can be done to change this. Working in an institution like this, I still have some faith that things are changing, even though very slowly. It’s just a matter of constant work in making society understand that things can be done differently. On the personal level, on an individual level, it’s a very tough thing to do. I don’t know if it’s at all possible to do. Is there anything you’ve seen recently that makes you optimistic? It could be small. Near my hotel, for instance, I saw bike paths. I’ve never seen those before here in Sofia. And also the metro… Ah, the metro is amazing. It’s brand-new. That’s why it looks so nice. I was impressed with the displays of the stuff that was found in the archaeological digs. Yes, in Serdica station. I was also impressed. Of course, I’m not saying that everything is doom and gloom, even though I might sound like this. I’m Bulgarian after all. There are also some things that give you hope and optimism. It gives me hope, for example, to see these grassroots movements emerging little by little. That people are engaging, though on a limited level, in some form of activism is also a very good sign. Also, some people do return from abroad. There’s this organization that I admire: the Teach for All network. They have an organization here in Bulgaria. The director, the founder of it here, is a very young woman, in her early thirties, a Harvard graduate who worked at McKinsey, but who still decided to come back and work on this very idealistic goal of making schools better. And they do have some amazing results, as far as I know. So, people like this exist. I really hope that after a few years they’re still in Bulgaria! Issues: Democracy & Governance, Human RightsRegions: Bulgaria, Europe & Central AsiaTags: Bulgaria, European Union About We sniff out issues hiding in the foreign-policy forest and haul them back to the laboratory for inspection. We examine the anterior, posterior, and underside of an issue, as well as its shadows.

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fpif.org

Foreign Policy In Focus Fukushima Team Under Constant Pressure to Protect Interests of Nuclear Power The Japanese coalition government is still woefully unprepared to handle crises like Fukushima. By Erin Chandler, May 24, 2012. Print Japanese Parliamentarian Kuniko Tanioka.Japanese Parliamentarian Kuniko Tanioka is not a rebel. Her assessment of Japanese policy after the Fukushima nuclear accident may not be popular with the Japanese government or nuclear industry, but she is a representative of a team formed within the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) to deal with the countless issues that have arisen since 3/11. The DPJ, the current ruling party, and the only party other than the Liberal Democratic Party to hold the Diet in more than 50 years, is part of a coalition government. It is subject to great pressure from the United States, Tanioka explained in a recent presentation at Institute for Policy Studies, and in charge of a system woefully unprepared to handle crises like the Fukushima Daiichi accident. According to Tanioka, there is no legislative structure in place to deal with the long-term effects of a nuclear disaster of this scale, and Tanioka’s team works to provide reports and information, and draft bills into the Diet in order to cope with all of the lingering problems and human security issues stemming from last March. This is the first time the Diet has had a probing commission for this type of disaster, and the DPJ team is under constant internal and external pressure to downplay the situation and protect the interests of nuclear power. The last of the operational reactors in Japan closed earlier this month, but some government officials are already pushing to restart several reactors in northern Japan, claiming that without them there will be electricity shortages. Of course, asserts Tanioka, the industry is pressuring the government because it doesn’t want Japan to prove that it can make it without reactors. This is not the main consideration, however, says Tanioka. The safety of the people and the environment should be first, and the conditions to restart must be stringent, including new standards that go beyond the engineering of the reactors, that include filtered vents, safe buildings for plant workers in case of accidents, and detailed evacuation plans for surrounding areas. Tanioka’s talk comes on the heels of a Japanese delegation to the UN asking for international assistance with the radiation that continues to emanate from Fukushima. In reactors 1 through 3, the radiation is still too high for anyone to enter, and if there were further malfunctions, there is little hope for stabilization. She cited the need for more U.S. support, and noted that the only voices speaking to the Obama administration are industry representatives. The U.S. and Japanese nuclear industries are inseparable, as many U.S. providers are owned by Japanese firms. Until the shutdown of Tomari on May 5, Japan was one of the largest consumers of nuclear energy in the world. If Japan were to become totally nuclear-free, this would be a massive hit to the global nuclear industry. Tanioka wants Americans to understand several issues. First, there is a need for greater transparency and a wider scope for medical research into the effects of radiation. Even with all of the time since Chernobyl, this data is not forthcoming – blocked by a handful of experts who hold all the cards. A wider exchange of data within the academic world would support the expansion of preventative treatments for radiation exposure, and more effective supplements and procedures for those who have already been exposed. More importantly, both the Japanese national government in Tokyo and the Fukushima prefectural government, along with TEPCO and a host of industry scientists, insist that radiation levels near the Fukushima Daiichi plant are safe for humans. Tanioka disagrees, and spoke of the devastating effects of nuclear accidents on citizens. Life in the affected areas has entirely lost any sense of normalcy. There have been more than 200,000 evacuees, and for them, and for those who have stayed, their lives are disrupted on a scale that is difficult to comprehend. Even simple joys, such as gardening in their now radioactive soil, are gone – the result of shoddy regulation in an industry focused only on profits, and an unhealthy dependence on this dangerous energy source. Erin Chandler is an intern at Foreign Policy in Focus. Issues: Environment, Human RightsRegions: Asia & Pacific, Japan, North America, United StatesTags: fukushima nuclear reactor, Nuclear Energy About We sniff out issues hiding in the foreign-policy forest and haul them back to the laboratory for inspection. We examine the anterior, posterior, and underside of an issue, as well as its shadows.

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/287

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fpif.org

Foreign Policy In Focus Pakistan’s K — as in Kashmir — Street A Washington nonprofit funnels money from Pakistan’s ISI to lobby Congress on Kashmir. By Shiran Shen, July 24, 2011. Print India has long maintained the upper hand in lobbying for a pro-India unification with Kashmir in Washington. Supporters of the Indian position often wield significant clout by making substantial campaign contributions to the members of Congress. On the other hand, Pakistan seems far behind in pushing for a pro-Pakistan stance in the U.S. capital, which is often complicated by the bumps in U.S.-Pakistan relations in recent years. However, the recent discovery of Pakistan’s decades-old secret efforts in funneling money from the Pakistani Inter-Services Intelligence agency (ISI) to tilt policy in the U.S. Congress and the White House provides a twist to the story. The executive director of the Washington-based nonprofit group Kashmiri American Council (KAC), Syed Ghulam Nabi Fai, together with his aide Zaheer Ahmad who mainly works in Pakistan, has been receiving funding from ISI to “buy” the hearts of U.S. Congress members in the form of campaign contributions to promote the cause of self-determination for Kashmir—a region over which both India and Pakistan claim sovereignty. The grand strategy of the KAC is to offset the Indian lobby by targeting members of Congress who work on foreign affairs with private briefings and events that would draw media attention. According to an FBI estimate, the group received up to $700,000 per year from the Pakistani government. Prosecutors said that Ahmad recruited people to act as straw donors to the KAC when the money was actually from the Pakistani government. Federal Election Commission records indicate that under Fai’s leadership, at least $30,000 has been donated to campaigns and political parties in the United States, including a $250 donation to Obama’s presidential campaign in 2008. The biggest individual beneficiary is Indiana Congressman Dan Burton, who serves on the House Foreign Affairs Committee and reportedly received about $10,000 since 1997. Burton, founder of the House Kashmiri caucus, has traveled to Kashmir on multiple trips sponsored by the KAC. He is an outspoken advocate for the Kashmir issue and has appealed to Presidents Clinton and Obama to get more involved in attempting to mediate a settlement between India and Pakistan over Kashmir. In 2003, because of his overly staunch pro-Pakistan stance, Burton could not win the chairmanship of the House Foreign Affairs Committee’s subcommittee on South Asia. According to FBI, Fai coordinated the KAC’s activities with ISI handlers and often communicated in coded emails. “You are aware that we have been working together for the cause for over a decade now,” wrote Fai in an email to a senior ISI official in 1995. “All these years, I have closely worked with you and others who came before you. It has taken us much time, energy, dedication, strategy and planning to achieve our common cause.” The Justice Department also revealed that the Pakistani government had been approving speakers and giving Fai talking points to highlight at the annual Kashmir Peace Conference at the Congress, which Fai is best known for organizing. Fai was arrested Tuesday under charges of being an unregistered agent of a foreign government and faces up to five years in prison if convicted. The Obama administration has decided to return the $250 to the KAC, and Burton will transfer the donations he received from the KAC to the Boy Scouts of America. This incident complicates the already strained U.S.-Pakistan relationship in the wake of the U.S. unilateral raid on Osama bin Laden in Pakistan and the Obama administration’s declaration of a massive reduction in aid payments to Islamabad. The marriage between the U.S. and Pakistan is indeed a bad one, and it is getting worse. However, divorce is not an option. Despite a series of recent crises, Washington and Islamabad still need each other in the struggle against the Taliban insurgency in Pakistan. In the meantime, the United States cannot achieve success in Afghanistan without Pakistan’s help. The lobbying scandal is an embarrassing affair, but the two sides must now work even harder to save the marriage. Shiran Shen is an intern at Foreign Policy in Focus. Issues: War & PeaceRegions: Europe & Central Asia, PakistanTags: isi, Kashmir, lobbying, Pakistan About We sniff out issues hiding in the foreign-policy forest and haul them back to the laboratory for inspection. We examine the anterior, posterior, and underside of an issue, as well as its shadows.

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fpif.org

28 Mar 2012 5:26 PM Welcome to my new blog By David Roberts Photo by Taro Yamamoto. Hey, welcome to my blog! You may be asking, “New blog? What the hell have you been doing for the last eight years?” Let me explain. (This is very inside-Grist-baseball, so if you don’t care about that stuff, read my scintillating recent post on EPA’s new carbon rule.) Way back in … what was it? … 2004 or so, I started Grist’s first blog, which was called Gristmill. (Ah, the old days.) Back then it was super-bloggy. I posted three, four, five times a day, short posts, linking to this, making off-hand comments about that, snarking, the usual blog stuff. When we redesigned the site several years ago, Gristmill was basically shut down and the distinction between what was “on the blog” and what was “on the site” disappeared. We decided readers didn’t care about that distinction. It was all just on the site. One consequence of this shift was that the home page became the main, not to say only, route into the site for most people. If you didn’t put your piece on the home page, nobody would see it. And so it came to be that pretty much everything I published ended up on the home page. But there were (and are) limited slots on the home page. If I published three or four posts a day like in the old days, I’d end up dominating the home page, pushing other stuff off, which is not optimal. So, partly as a consequence, I started publishing longer, more crafted, more researched posts — essays, I guess you’d call them — at the rate of one a day or so. Other factors fueled this shift too. Part of it was a desire to dig deeper into certain subjects. Part of it was Twitter, which serves as a repository for all the little bits and pieces I used to put on the blog. Anyway, for all these reasons, I’ve been publishing longer posts, less frequently — very un-bloggish. Lately, though, I’ve been hankering to get back in the old bloggy spirit. So we’ve created a blog for me, which looks like a blog and behaves like a blog. It has its own RSS feed. I will be posting on it relatively frequently, and not everything that appears here will appear on the home page. So, bookmark it! Subscribe. We’re going to party like it’s 2004. Read more: Inside Grist comment policy

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grist.org

posted at 10:37 pm on August 31, 2011 by Allahpundit “Simplify The Personal Income Tax Code And Lower Rates. Rather than nibble around the edges of the existing tax code, Gov. Huntsman will introduce a revenue-neutral tax plan that eliminates all deductions and credits in favor of three drastically lower rates of 8%, 14% and 23%. Eliminating deductions and credits in favor of lower marginal rates will yield a simpler and more efficient tax code, decreasing the burden on taxpayers… “Eliminate The Taxes On Capital Gains And Dividends In Order To Eliminate The Double Taxation On Investment. Capital gains and dividend taxes amount to a double-taxation on individuals who choose to invest. Because dollars invested had to first be earned, they have already been subject to the income tax. Taxing these same dollars again when capital gains are realized serves to deter productive and much-needed investment in our economy. “Reduce The Corporate Rate From 35% To 25%. The United States cannot compete while burdened with the second-highest corporate tax rate in the developed world; American companies and our workers deserve a level playing field. With high unemployment, it is important that we not push corporations and capital overseas. We need employers to be based in America if they’re going to provide jobs to Americans.” “Current polls say Jon Huntsman, former Utah governor and ambassador to China, isn’t a top tier candidate for the 2012 Republican presidential nomination. But he certainly has a top-tier economic plan. Huntsman will offer a broad proposal later today – covering taxes, regulation, trade and energy. But I already had a peek at the tax part. And I think it is excellent… “At first glance, this looks like perhaps the most pro-growth, pro-market (and anti-crony capitalist) tax plan put forward by a major U.S. president candidate since Ronald Reagan in 1980. But it is not without political risk. In addition to killing tax breaks for businesses, Huntsman would eliminate the mortgage interest deduction, healthcare exclusion, and the child tax credit among other “tax expenditures. ” We’re talking about a whole herd of sacred cows. Both his fellow presidential candidates and Washington lobbyists will likely attack him for some of those ideas.” “In order to infuse predictability and certainty into the marketplace – which it doesn’t have today and therefore it has no confidence and therefore you don’t have business employing and you don’t have business releasing capital expenditures into the marketplace — you have to get certainty in terms of tax reform. We’re going to lower rates [23 percent, 14 percent, 8 percent and a zero capital gains rate] with three brackets and an income tax return that would resemble a post card. This is reminiscent of what I did as governor where I actually created something close to a flat tax where we worked to eliminate all the deductions and loopholes. “So I am premising both individual and corporate tax reform [with a top rate lowered to 24 percent] on clearing the cobwebs out. You pay for it by eliminating corporate welfare, by phasing out subsidies and loopholes and deductions. My goal would be to phase out everything on the corporate side and the individual side. I know that is controversial. I know there is a political risk there. But that is the only way you can raise the revenue to buy down the rates. There ‘s no other way to pay for it. When I was governor it took us two years, we brought both parties together and we got it done. So I am coming at this exercise as probably the only person in the race who’s actually been through this effort before.” “But here’s the problem. The tax code, when combined with entitlements as now structured, overtaxes parents, and the child credit only partially offsets that effect. By abolishing the credit–a legacy of the Gingrich Congress and the Bush administration–Huntsman would be taking a step away from neutrality and toward a perverse form of social engineering. “And while we don’t know all the details it seems highly likely that the net result would be a higher tax bill for most middle-class parents, also known as Republican voters. Attacking the financial interests of your own side’s voters is praiseworthy only if it is in the service of good policy.” Jon Huntsman Announces His “Time To Compete” Economic Plan from Jon 2012 on Vimeo. Second look at Huntsman? carbon_footprint on August 31, 2011 at 10:40 PM No. carbon_footprint on August 31, 2011 at 10:41 PM Sounds good on paper but it looks too much a like unicorn n rainbows thingy for me to take it seriously. promachus on August 31, 2011 at 10:41 PM If you want the next four years to look like the last four Speakup on August 31, 2011 at 10:42 PM who? djohn669 on August 31, 2011 at 10:42 PM Neal Boortz for president. hillbillyjim on August 31, 2011 at 10:43 PM morning joe to praise this plan ad nauseum tomorrow am… his light faded a long time ago…. cmsinaz on August 31, 2011 at 10:43 PM As my favorite candidate says, “That dog don’t hunt.” publiuspen on August 31, 2011 at 10:44 PM Neal Boortz for president. hillbillyjim on August 31, 2011 at 10:43 PM I am seriously a huge fan of the fair tax. Will never happen though. The IRS and tax preparers, tax lawyers, CPA’s, etc. will never allow that to happen here. It is a shame. carbon_footprint on August 31, 2011 at 10:45 PM I wouldn’t mind voting for him if he fires Weaver. TimeTraveler on August 31, 2011 at 10

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hotair.com

Study: Easy Way to Detect Depression in Cancer Patients by William White | September 24, 2013 12:55 pm A study has found that a two question survey[2] can correctly detect depression in cancer patients. The two question survey asks patients if they have felt down, depressed or hopeless and if they have experienced little interest or pleasure in doing things. The two question can be answered four different ways: not at all, several days, more than half the days and nearly every day. Each answer has a point value that is used to determine if a cancer patient is depressed. The points range from zero for the not at all answer to three for the nearly everyday answer. The test of this survey included 455 cancer patients at 37 center in the United States. The study also found that 78% of radiation therapy centers regularly screen for depression and that 68% of radiation therapy centers offer mental health services, reports WebMD. Of the 455 patients included in the study, 45% were seeking treatment for breast cancer, 11% for GI cancer, 10% for lung cancer, 6% for gynecologic cancer and 27% for other cancers. 66% of the patients in the trial were women, reports News Medical[3]. Endnotes:[Image]: http://investorplace.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/doctor-digital-hospital.jpgtwo question survey: http://www.webmd.com/cancer/news/20130923/two-key-questions-may-reveal-depression-in-cancer-patientsNews Medical: http://www.news-medical.net/news/20130924/Depression-of-cancer-patients-who-receive-RT-can-be-identified-by-2-item-questionnaire.aspx Source URL: http://investorplace.com/2013/09/study-easy-way-to-detect-depression-in-cancer-patients/ Short URL: http://invstplc.com/1fxgMy3 Copyright ©2014 InvestorPlace Media, LLC. All rights reserved. 700 Indian Springs Drive, Lancaster, PA 17601.

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investorplace.com

2013 Chattanooga Women's Soccer Guide Chattanooga women's soccer media guide.

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issuu.com

Wednesday, 26 March 2014 00:42 Snag delays arrival of crew at space station MOSCOW (AP) — An engine snag has delayed the arrival of a Russian spacecraft carrying three astronauts to the International Space Station until Thursday. A rocket carrying Russians Alexander Skvortsov and Oleg Artemyev and American Steve Swanson to the International Space Station blasted off successfully early Wednesday from the Russian-leased Baikonur cosmodrome in Kazakhstan. The Soyuz booster rocket lifted off as scheduled at 3:17 a.m. local time Wednesday (2117 GMT Tuesday). It entered a designated orbit about 10 minutes after the launch and was expected to reach the space station in six hours. All onboard systems were working flawlessly, and the crew was feeling fine. NASA and Roscosmos, Russia's space agency, said shortly before the planned docking that the arrival had been delayed after a 24-second engine burn that was necessary to adjust the Soyuz spacecraft's orbiting path "did not occur as planned." The crew is in no danger, but will have to wait until Thursday for the Soyuz TMA-12M to arrive and dock at the space station, NASA said. The arrival is now scheduled for 7:58 EDT (2358 GMT) Thursday. Roscosmos chief Oleg Ostapenko said on Wednesday that the glitch occurred because of a failure of the ship's orientation system. The crew is in good spirits and they have taken off their space suits to prepare for the long flight, Ostapenko said in remarks carried by Russian news agencies. The Russian official said the crew is now working to adjust the spacecraftt to the right orbit to make it for the Thursday docking. Russian spacecraft used to routinely travel two days to reach the orbiting laboratory before last year. Wednesday would have been only the fifth time that a crew would have taken the six-hour "fast-track" route to the station. NASA said that Moscow flight control has yet to determine why the engine burn did not occur. The three astronauts traveling in the Soyuz will be greeted by Japan's Koichi Wakata, NASA's Rick Mastracchio and Russia's Mikhail Tyurin, who have been at the station since November. Wakata is the first Japanese astronaut to lead the station. The new crew is scheduled to stay in orbit for six months. The joint mission is taking place at a time when U.S.-Russian relations on Earth are at their lowest ebb in decades, but the U.S. and Russia haven't allowed their disagreements over Ukraine to get in the way of their cooperation in space. Swanson is a veteran of two U.S. space shuttle missions, and Skvortsov spent six months at the space outpost in 2010. Artemyev is on his first flight to space. So far, the tensions between the U.S. and Russia over Ukraine have been kept at bay. Since the retirement of the U.S. space shuttle fleet in 2011, NASA has relied on Russian Soyuz spacecraft as the only means to ferry crew to the orbiting outpost and back. The U.S. is paying Russia nearly $71 million per seat to fly astronauts to the space lab through 2017. It's doing that at a time when Washington has led calls for sanctions on Russia over its annexation of Crimea from Ukraine following a hastily-arranged referendum. So far the sanctions have been limited and haven't directly targeted the wider Russian economy. Earlier this month, NASA Administrator Charles Bolden repeatedly said the conflict in Ukraine would have no effect on what's going on in space between the U.S. and Russia, saying that the "partnership in space remains intact and normal." At the same time, Bolden said on his blog Tuesday that while NASA continues to cooperate successfully with Russia, it wants to quickly get its own capacity to launch crews. NASA is trying to speed up private American companies' efforts to launch crews into orbit, but it needs extra funding to do so. Published in Read more... Wednesday, 11 September 2013 00:24 Soyuz capsule returns from space station, 1 American & 2 Russians on board MOSCOW (AP) — A Soyuz capsule carrying three astronauts touched down on Earth Wednesday after undocking from the International Space Station following 166 days in space. NASA's Chris Cassidy and Russians Pavel Vinogradov and Alexander Misurkin landed safely in Kazakhstan, where they launched on March 29. Live NASA footage showed the three men emerging from the capsule and onto the sunny Kazakh steppe, where they were first put into reclining chairs to help them readjust to the earth's gravity. The Soyuz is the only means for international astronauts to reach the orbiting laboratory since the decommissioning of the U.S. space shuttle fleet in 2011. Published in Read more... Tuesday, 14 May 2013 01:27 3-man space crew returns safely to Earth MOSCOW (AP) — A Soyuz space capsule carrying a three-man crew returning from a five-month mission to the International Space Station landed safely Tuesday on the steppes of Kazakhstan. Canadian astronaut Chris Hadfield, American Thomas Marshburn, and Russian Roman Romanenko landed as planned southeast of the town of Dzhezkazgan at 8:31 a.m. local time Tuesday (10:31 p.m. EDT Monday night). Live footage on NASA TV showed the Soyuz TMA-07M capsule slowly descending by parachute onto the sun-drenched steppes under clear skies. Russian search and rescue helicopters hovered over the landing site for a quick recovery effort. Rescue teams moved quickly to help the crew in their bulky spacesuits exit through the narrow hatch of the capsule. They were then put into reclining chairs to start adjusting to Earth's gravity after 146 days in space. The three astronauts smiled as they chatted with space agency officials and doctors who were checking their condition. Hadfield, who served as the space station's commander, gave a thumbs-up sign. They then made quick phone calls to family members and friends. NASA spokesman Josh Byerly said by telephone from the landing site that the three returning astronauts were doing very well. Hadfield, 53, an engineer and former test pilot from Milton, Ontario, was Canada's first professional astronaut to live aboard the space station and became the first Canadian in charge of a spacecraft. He relinquished command of the space station on Sunday. "It's just been an extremely fulfilling and amazing experience end to end," Hadfield told Mission Control on Monday. "From this Canadian to all the rest of them, I offer an enormous debt of thanks." He was referring to all those in the Canadian Space Agency who helped make his flight possible. Hadfield bowed out of orbit by posting a music video on YouTube on Sunday — his own custom version of David Bowie's "Space Oddity." It's believed to be the first music video made in space, according to NASA. "With deference to the genius of David Bowie, here's Space Oddity, recorded on Station. A last glimpse of the World," Hadfield said via Twitter. Hadfield sang often in orbit, using a guitar already aboard the complex, and even took part in a live, Canadian coast-to-coast concert in February that included the Barenaked Ladies' Ed Robertson and a youth choir. The five-minute video posted Sunday drew a salute from Bowie's official Facebook page: "It's possibly the most poignant version of the song ever created." A three-man U.S.-Russian crew is staying on the space station and will be joined in two weeks by the next trio of astronauts. Published in

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ktrs.com

France to pay for removal of risky breast implants In this photo taken Thursday, Dec. 22, 2011, Chantal Guerin, a 46-year-old accountant and mother of three, displays a breast implant made by Poly Implant Prothese, or PIP, that was removed from her left breast, during an interview with The Associated Press in Paris. Guerin had her left breast removed after cancer and had PIP implants put in both breasts. (AP Photo/Christophe Ena) France took a costly and unprecedented leap Friday in offering to pay for 30,000 women to have their breast implants removed because of mounting fears the products could rupture and leak cheap, industrial-grade silicone into the body. Tens of thousands of other women elsewhere in Europe and in South America have the same French-made implants, but authorities there have so far refused to follow suit. The silicone-gel implants in question are not sold in the U.S. Over the past week, the safety fears have created a public furor over something usually kept private, even in France. Women, some whose own families didn't know they had their breasts enlarged, marched on Paris to demand more attention to worries about what might be happening inside them. Images of leaky, blubbery implants and women having mammograms have been splashed on French TV. More than 1,000 ruptures pushed Health Minister Xavier Bertrand to recommend that the estimated 30,000 women in France with the implants get them removed at the state's expense. Bertrand insisted the removals would be "preventive" and not urgent, and French health authorities said they had found nothing to link the implants to nine cases of cancer in women. The death last month of a woman who had the implants and developed a rare cancer - anaplastic large-cell lymphoma - had catalyzed worries. The implants, made by the now-defunct French company Poly Implant Prothese, were pulled from the market last year in countries around Europe and South America where they had been sold. The company's website said it exported to more than 60 countries and was one of the world's leading implant makers. International police agency Interpol put PIP's former director, Jean-Claude Mas, on its most-wanted list, based on a warrant from Costa Rica for crimes involving "life and health." Interpol's website carries a photo of the 72-year-old Mas but no details about his alleged crimes or link to Costa Rica. Mas' lawyer could not be reached for comment Friday. France's health safety agency says the PIP implants appear to be more rupture-prone than other types. Also, investigators say PIP used industrial silicone instead of the medical variety to save money. However, the medical risks posed by industrial silicone are unclear. The financial burden of the French government's decision falls on the state health care system, which estimated the removals could cost euro60 million ($78 million) at a time when the country is teetering on the brink of another recession and struggling with debt. In recommending removal, the government noted the risks associated with major surgery and general anesthesia. Because of those risks, many women may decide against removal. The government said those women should be examined every six months. After the French decision, Britain's Medicines and Healthcare Products Regulatory Agency announced that it doesn't see enough proof of cancer or an excessive risk of rupture to recommend women in Britain have the implants removed. Up to 40,000 women in Britain may have had the implants, even more than in France. Britain's chief medical officer, Sally Davies, said women "should not be unduly worried." "While we respect the French government's decision, no other country is taking similar steps because we currently have no evidence to support it," she said. The president of Brazil's Plastic Surgeons Association, Jose Horacio Aboudib, said it would be premature to have women remove the implants if they are not having any problems. About 25,000 women in Brazil received PIP implants. "There is always a risk associated with surgery, and there is a cost. In France, the government is paying for it. Here it's not considered a public health risk, so the patient would have to pay for it," he said. Medical authorities in Argentina and Venezuela recommended closer monitoring of women who have the implants. In the U.S., concerns about silicone gel implants in general led to a 14-year ban on their use, in favor of saline-filled implants. Silicone implants were brought back to the market in the U.S. in 2006 after research ruled out links to cancer, lupus and some other concerns. In France, one reason for the alarm was the uncertainty over the ingredients of the silicone used and the risk to internal organs. Also, while all breast implants can burst, especially as they get older, "these implants have a particular fragility" and appear to pose risks of rupture earlier in their life spans than other implants, said Jean-Claude Ghislain of the French health agency AFSSAPS. France's state health care system normally pays for implants for medical reasons, such as after a mastectomy, but not for cosmetic implants. About 80 percent of those with the PIP implants had them for aesthetic reasons. Annie Mesnil, who had a PIP implant to replace a breast removed after cancer in 1999, said she was relieved that the Health Ministry "accepts the idea that there is a potential danger." But she added: "It's not enough. They will pay for the removal of the implants, but they will not pay for the replacements." After the PIP product was recalled last year, a mammogram and ultrasound did not reveal any problems with Mesnil's implant. But Mesnil, 62, had it removed anyway, at her own expense, out of fear. When her surgeon took it out and studied it, "he discovered it had already burst," she said. "I don't know what's spilled inside my body." The state health care system only reimburses about 230 euros for implant removal operations, but public hospitals that provide the service for that low fee are rare and overbooked. Most plastic surgeons in France are private practitioners who can charge five to 10 times more than that for a removal. Some plastic surgeons have agreed to lower their fees under government pressure. Chantal Guerin, a 46-year-old accountant and mother of three, had her left breast removed after cancer and had PIP implants put in both breasts. In 2010, she developed cancer in her right breast. "One cannot directly incriminate the implant, since there is no scientific proof," she said in an interview. "But we have the right to ask ourselves a lot of questions, because there is a great amount of physical pain involved." France recommends removal of risky breast implants (AP) -- Tens of thousands of women with risky, French-made breast implants should have them removed at the state's expense, the health minister recommended Friday, adding that such removals were "preventive" ... Italy seeking women with French breast implants (AP) -- Italy's health ministry on Thursday asked hospitals to track down women who received silicone breast implants made by a suspect French company due to concerns the implants may be unsafe. France may order 30,000 women to remove implants Up to 30,000 French women and perhaps tens of thousands more around the world may need to have defective breast implants removed after several suspicious cancer cases, officials said Tuesday. France advises 30,000 to have breast implants removed France's health ministry Friday advised 30,000 women with breast implants made by French firm PIP to have them removed, saying that while there is no proven cancer risk the prostheses could rupture. Women urged not to panic over breast implant scare French authorities are to issue an expert report on Friday saying whether the implants, produced by the now-bankrupt Poly Implant Prothese (PIP) company, should be removed after several suspicious cancer cases. ... New technology that is revealing the science of chewing CSIRO's 3D mastication modelling, demonstrated for the first time in Melbourne today, is starting to provide researchers with new understanding of how to reduce salt, sugar and fat in food products, as well ... After skin cancer, removable model replaces real ear (HealthDay)—During his 10-year struggle with basal cell carcinoma, Henry Fiorentini emerged minus his right ear, and minus the hearing that goes with it. The good news: Today, the 56-year-old IT programmer ... Italy scraps ban on donor-assisted reproduction Italy's Constitutional Court on Wednesday struck down a Catholic Church-backed ban against assisted reproduction with sperm or egg donors that has forced thousands of sterile couples to seek help abroad. Geography research could improve the effectiveness of hospital patient transport services University of Cincinnati research is offering hospitals and trauma centers a unique, accurate and scientific approach to making decisions about transporting critical-care patients by air or by ambulance. A presentation this ... Yale students design a new device to transport intestinal transplants to patients (Medical Xpress)—Almost 20 people die every day while waiting for an organ transplant. For patients in need of intestinal transplants, the wait is even more agonizing because countless healthy intestines ... Pot growers association launched in Jamaica A group of influential Jamaicans gathered Saturday to launch an association of supposed future marijuana cultivators as momentum builds toward loosening laws prohibiting pot on the Caribbean island. Callippo Women = a silicon based form of life

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medicalxpress.com

Health costs forcing more Americans to skip care: survey One quarter of Americans report problems paying for medical bills, and more than half say they have skipped or cut back on health care due to the cost, according to a survey released Monday. Ahead of an expected Supreme Court ruling on the constitutionality of the Obama administration's health care reforms, the Kaiser Family Foundation survey also said that 64 percent of people worry about the rising cost of health care and health insurance. Some 45 million Americans do not have health insurance, and the United States does not have universal health care. According to the survey, 26 percent of people said they or a family member ran into problems paying their medical bills over the past year. And 58 percent reported skipping or putting off medical care since a year ago due to the cost. Around one quarter say they skipped tests to avoid costs; the same percentage said they did not fill a drug prescription for the same reason. And 16 percent of people said they cut pills in half, or skipped scheduled doses, to save money. Most of those surveyed reported the cost of health care, whether from insurance, co-payments and deductibles, or health services, is rising, despite the government's efforts to drive down costs. The biggest amount of care-skipping comes from people without insurance, Kaiser said. "Fully eight in ten of the uninsured (81 percent) report delaying or foregoing care due to cost in the past year." The survey comes out with the country's highest court expected to rule, by the end of the month, on lawsuits challenging President Barack Obama's signature health care reform package pushed through Congress three years ago. The ruling could halt key parts or all of the package, which aimed at requiring all citizens to have health care coverage and at creating cheaper coverage options. "While economic challenges facing the country continue and the Supreme Court is deciding the fate of the Affordable Care Act, the survey finds that the problems and concerns related to health care costs and access are widespread." Health reform law will insure nearly all uninsured women by 2014 The new health reform law will expand health insurance coverage to nearly all uninsured women and will make health care more affordable for millions of women through premium subsidies beginning in 2014 and new rules, some ... Obama defends health care, mum on court case President Barack Obama defended his signature health care reform Friday, without discussing a Supreme Court case that could spell its end ahead of November's presidential elections. US health insurance costs up 9% in year: study Company-provided health insurance, one of the largest costs of US businesses and households alike, rose nine percent over the past year despite the sluggish economy, according to a new study released Tuesday. US at bottom of health care survey of 11 rich countries Americans are the most likely to go without health care because of the cost and to have trouble paying medical bills even when insured, a survey of 11 wealthy countries found Thursday. US Supreme Court sets hearings on Obama health reform The US Supreme Court will hear evidence challenging President Barack Obama's health care reform -- which has come under fire from Republicans -- over three days in March, a spokeswoman said Monday.

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medicalxpress.com

HPV vaccination is associated with reduced risk of cervical lesions in Denmark A reduced risk of cervical lesions among Danish girls and women at the population level is associated with use of a quadrivalent HPV vaccine after only six years, according to a new study published February 19 in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Two HPV vaccines are currently available and have proven to be highly effective against HPV16/18-associated cervical cancer. One of these vaccines, a quadrivalent vaccine, was licensed in Denmark in 2006, and it was subsequently incorporated into general childhood vaccination programs for girls free of charge and was made available to girls and women and to boys and men not covered by the program for a fee. To date, a nationwide population-based study of HPV-related cervical abnormalities in vaccinated vs unvaccinated women based on information on vaccination status at the individual level has not been reported. Susanne Krüger Kjaer, MD, and her team from Unit of Virus, Lifestyle and Genes, Danish Cancer Society Research Center in Copenhagen, Denmark, and colleagues identified all girls and women born in Denmark in 1989-1999 and obtained the corresponding HPV vaccination status in 2006-2012 for each individual, as well as information on incident cases of cervical lesions among those in the cohort. Risk of cervical atypia (abnormal cervical cells) or worse (atypia+) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or 3 (CIN2/3) were statistically significantly reduced among vaccinated women born between 1991 and 1994 vs unvaccinated women. Among women born between 1989 and 1990, a statistically significant reduced risk of atypia+ was observed for vaccinated vs unvaccinated women; similar results were observed for CIN2/3 but these findings did not reach statistical significance. Furthermore, no cervical lesions were reported among girls born between 1997 and 1999. The authors write, "In conclusion, our results show that vaccination with the quadrivalent HPV vaccine is already effective in reducing the risk for cervical precursor lesions at population level among young women in Denmark." Explore further: Lower HPV vaccination rates putting girls from ethnic minorities at risk of cancer Journal reference: Journal of the National Cancer Institute Provided by Oxford University Press Lower HPV vaccination rates putting girls from ethnic minorities at risk of cancer Girls from some ethnic minorities are less likely to be vaccinated against Human Papillomavirus (HPV), responsible for almost all cases of cervical cancer, according to new research presented at the National Cancer Research ... Three doses of HPV vaccine recommended against genital warts Two doses of vaccine against human papillomavirus (HPV) provide good protection against genital warts, but three doses is better according to an extensive register study by researchers at Karolinska Institutet in Sweden. ... President's panel calls for more girls, boys to get HPV vaccine (HealthDay)—Too few American girls and boys are getting vaccinated against the cancer-causing human papillomavirus (HPV), the President's Cancer Panel reported Monday. Beliefs about HPV vaccine do not lead to initiation of sex or risky sexual behavior A new study may alleviate concerns that the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine leads to either the initiation of sex or unsafe sexual behaviors among teenage girls and young women. How to improve HPV vaccination rates? It starts with physicians, researchers say The risk of developing cervical cancer can be significantly decreased through human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination. Despite calls from leading health and professional organizations for universal vaccination for girls ages ...

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medicalxpress.com

PartnersThomas Jefferson Universitysorted by rank Can antibiotics cause autoimmunity? The code for every gene includes a message at the end of it that signals the translation machinery to stop. Some diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, can result from mutations that insert this ... Researchers capture major chemotherapeutic target in complex with DNA damage A new study published in Science May 11 is shedding light on the molecular details of PARP-1, a DNA damage-detecting enzyme that when inhibited has been shown to be effective in fighting cancer and other ... Blocking crucial molecule could help treat multiple sclerosis Reporting in Nature Immunology, Jefferson neuroscientists have identified a driving force behind autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), and suggest that blocking this cell-signaling molecule is the first step i ... Can vitamin A turn back the clock on breast cancer? A derivative of vitamin A, known as retinoic acid, found abundantly in sweet potato and carrots, helps turn pre-cancer cells back to normal healthy breast cells, according to research published this month in the International Jo ... Cyclin D1 governs microRNA processing in breast cancer Cyclin D1, a protein that helps push a replicating cell through the cell cycle also mediates the processing and generation of mature microRNA (miRNA), according to new research publishing November 29 in Nature Communications. The re ... Racial difference in blood clotting warrants a closer look at heart attack medications Thomas Jefferson University researchers have discovered that the formation of blood clots follows a different molecular route in African Americans versus European Americans, providing a new understanding of the effects of ... Does good cholesterol increase breast cancer risk? High levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL), also known as the "good cholesterol," are thought to protect against heart disease. However, what's good for one disease may not be good for another. High levels of HDL have ... Protein in blood exerts natural anti-cancer protection Researchers from Thomas Jefferson University's Kimmel Cancer Center have discovered that decorin, a naturally occurring protein that circulates in the blood, acts as a potent inhibitor of tumor growth modulating the tumor ... Researchers discover molecule that drives aggressive breast cancer (Medical Xpress)—Recent studies by researchers at Thomas Jefferson University's Kimmel Cancer Center have shown a gene known to coordinate initial development of the eye (EYA1) is a powerful breast tumor promoter in mice. ... Large multi-generational family helps unlock genetic secrets to developmental dysplasia of the hip Research from Thomas Jefferson University is laying the foundation for a genetic test to accurately identify hip dysplasia in newborns so that early intervention can be initiated to promote normal development. This research ... Abnormalities in HER2 gene found in wide variety of advanced cancers The HER2 growth-factor gene is known to be over-active in breast and gastro-esophageal cancers. But now, irregularities in the genes 's expression—among them mutations, amplifications, substitutions, and translocations—have ... Therapy that heats and destroys bone tumors eases patients' pain Patients with cancer that has spread to their bones are often treated with radiation therapy to reduce pain. But if that treatment doesn't work, or can't be used again, a second, effective option now exists. Results of a ... Researchers discover new pathways that drive metastatic prostate cancer Elevated levels of Cyclin D1b could function as a novel biomarker of lethal metastatic disease in prostate cancer patients, according to a pre-clinical study published ahead of print on December 21 in the Journal of Clinical In ... | Parkinson's & Movement disorders Promising drug slows down advance of Parkinson's disease and improves symptoms Treating Parkinson's disease patients with the experimental drug GM1 ganglioside improved symptoms and slowed their progression during a two and a half-year trial, Thomas Jefferson University researchers report in a new study ... Brazilian mediums shed light on brain activity during a trance state Researchers at Thomas Jefferson University and the University of Sao Paulo in Brazil analyzed the cerebral blood flow (CBF) of Brazilian mediums during the practice of psychography, described as a form of writing whereby ... | Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Next » Profile

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medicalxpress.com

Professor Mark J. Perry's Blog for Economics and Finance Baltic Dry Index Advances 24 Straight Days in a Row, Rises Today By 11.5%, A 425 Point Gain From last Wednesday: BLOOMBERG -- The Baltic Dry Index, a measure of shipping costs for commodities, surpassed 3,000 points for the first time since October, buoyed by Chinese demand for iron ore. The index tracking transport costs on international trade routes rose 222 points, or 7.6%, to 3,164 points, according to the Baltic Exchange today. The measure posted an 18th straight gain, its longest advance in two years. Such is demand that shippers “are almost pleading” to hire vessels, Stuart Rae, co-managing director of M2M Management Ltd., a hedge fund group that trades freight derivatives and operates carriers, said by phone today. The rally “is being driven by iron ore, by congestion in China, and by a lack” of ships available for hire in the Atlantic. MP: Less than a week later, the Baltic Dry Index rose above 4,000 today for the first time since September 2008 (see chart above), and it has now posted its 24th consecutive daily gain. Today's 425 point gain represents a 11.5% one-day increase. Posted 8:55 PM Post Link 8 Comments Good sign, I have a question about it though, does this somewhat follow the price of energy? If energy rises in price wouldn't that impact the cost of transportation, I know that the supply of these shipping vessels is extremely inelastic and they will always want to be moving if they can cover their variable costs, but if the price of fuel rises that would affect their variable cost. I hope that this isn't a huge factor in it and this is a sign of recovery, but you never know. At 6/03/2009 12:54 AM, This morning's headlines are all pointing to economic stabilization and/recovery:"Asian Stocks Near 8-Month Highs""Japan’s Nikkei Heads to 6th-Straight Gain""BOJ’s Kamezaki Says Economy Is No Longer in Freefall" "Australia Unexpectedly Grows 0.4%, Skirting Global Recession""U.S. Service Industries Probably Shrank at Slower Pace in May" Eric Tyson said... Nouriel Roubini is wrong again...he said in recent months that the stock market rally was simply a small, sucker's rally and that the economy would be horrible for all of 2009 and possibly into 2010 and he predicted oil would stay below $40 per barrel for all of 2009.Wrong, wrong, wrong! You are suckers of mustard seeds. The BDI is a measure of shipping rates not volume. Volumes are still low, shipping rates have gone up. Guess what? Inflation.Shipping companies have parked their ships in hopes of increasing rates. Kinda like oil. Methinks said... Eric Tyson, You should be aware of a couple of things before you start doing the happy dance. First, in the 90's, during Japan's lost decade, the Nikkei would rally 40% or so for several months on bad but not as bad as expected economic reports. Then, it would slide all the way back down. Rinse and repeat.Second, the dollar is sinking. The S&P could rally to 500,000 and if the dollar is worthless, you're not better off. The Fed has been printing money like there's no tomorrow. "The BDI is a measure of shipping rates not volume. Volumes are still low, shipping rates have gone up. Guess what? Inflation."Thank you. I was wondering about that. It's as useless as the ISE manufacturing index for that reason. The index came in a touch better than expected but the prices paid were WAY higher. Ryan J. said... MethinksAnd how many billions of dollars are you managing? And what is your track record? You're probably still living with your parents!You don't know what you're talking about. Tyson's web site actually has an excellent article explaining what happened in Japan in the 1990s and why there are almost no parallels with current U.S. situation.Also, your choice of the S&P going to 50,000 shows your mindless repeating drivel from Jim Rogers. The least you go could do is cite your crappy, misinformed source. WHOOOO-HOOOO the BALTIC RISES!!! The economy sucks, the powers that be haven't addressed the crooks, and we're now in DEBT up to are ASSES...but, the BALTIC IS UP!!!! Name: Mark J. Perry Location: Washington, D.C., United States Dr. Mark J. Perry is a professor of economics and finance in the School of Management at the Flint campus of the University of Michigan. Perry holds two graduate degrees in economics (M.A. and Ph.D.) from George Mason University near Washington, D.C. In addition, he holds an MBA degree in finance from the Curtis L. Carlson School of Management at the University of Minnesota. In addition to a faculty appointment at the University of Michigan-Flint, Perry is also a visiting scholar at The American Enterprise Institute in Washington, D.C. Historically High Housing Affordability, Low Mortg... YTD Double-Digit Returns for Emerging Markets Women Now Dominate Higher Education at Every Degre... Capitalism in Russia vs. Marxism in US Emerging Markets Close at 8-Mo. High; Global Reces... Real Disposable Income Grows at Above-Average Rate... Bull Market Rally in World Stocks; Largest 3 Month... Detroit vs. Pittsburgh: Hockey and Economics CA Real Estate Market Recovery: Sales Boom, Market... Florida Home Sales Increase for 8th Straight Month...

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mjperry.blogspot.com

comments Millions can't afford to go to the doctor By Tami Luhby @Luhby April 26, 2013: 10:54 AM ET NEW YORK (CNNMoney) A growing number of Americans are skipping needed medical care because they can't afford it. Some 80 million people, around 43% of America's working-age adults, didn't go to the doctor or access other medical services last year because of the cost, according to the Commonwealth Fund's Biennial Health Insurance Survey, released Friday. That's up from 75 million people two years ago and 63 million in 2003. Not surprisingly, those who were uninsured or had inadequate health insurance were most likely to have trouble affording care. But 28% of working-age adults with good insurance also had to forgo treatment because of the price. Nearly three in 10 adults said they did not visit a doctor or clinic when they had a medical problem, while more than a quarter did not fill a prescription or skipped recommended tests, treatment or follow-up visits. One in five said they did not get needed specialist care. And 28% of those with a chronic condition like hypertension, diabetes, heart disease and asthma who needed medication for it reported they did not fill prescriptions or skipped doses because they couldn't afford to pay for the drugs. Even those with coverage find themselves shelling out more for deductibles and co-payments. The share of Americans with deductibles greater than $1,000 more than tripled between 2003 and 2012, reaching 25%. "Costs of health care have gone up faster than wages," said David Blumenthal, president of The Commonwealth Fund. Related story: Doctor: 'I gave up on health care in America' The survey also found that 84 million people, nearly half of all working-age adults, went without health insurance for a time last year or had such high out-of-pocket expenses relative to their income that they were considered under-insured. That's up from 81 million in 2010 and 61 million in 2003. One bright spot in the report is that fewer young adults, those ages 19 to 25, were uninsured. The share fell to 41% in 2012, down from 48% two years earlier. That's due in large part to the Affordable Care Act, which allows young adults to stay on their parents insurance until age 26. All of those numbers should improve going forward as more health reform provisions take effect in 2014 -- primarily the state-based insurance exchanges, which are intended to offer affordable plans to those without work-based coverage. The Affordable Care Act, better known as Obamacare, will provide more coverage and cost protections, said Sara Collins, the study's lead author. Insurance plans offered through the state exchanges have to cover a suite of "essential" benefits, including maternity care and mental health services. They also limit the insured's out-of-pocket payments to no more than 40% of expenses. First Published: April 26, 2013: 12:14 AM ET Join the Conversation Most Popular

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money.cnn.com

comments Tesla: The anti-Solyndra By Chris Isidore @CNNMoney May 15, 2013: 7:46 AM ET Click on chart for more information about Tesla stock. NEW YORK (CNNMoney) What's good for Tesla Motors is good for America -- at least U.S. taxpayers. Its electric cars are selling and its stock closed Tuesday up 146% this year. Elon Musk's company is making enough money to repay a $465 million Energy Department loan in the next five years, around half the time that was initially expected. That's in sharp contrast to the high profile failures that were part of the same loan program. Solar panel maker Solyndra, which received a $527 million loan guarantee, went bankrupt. And electric car maker Fisker, which had a $192 million loan, missed its first scheduled payment and has essentially halted business operations. If Tesla (TSLA) isn't able to pay back its loan within five years, the federal government could still benefit through warrants to buy more than 3 million shares of the company's stock at a fraction of the current price. Those warrants would disappear if the loan is paid off in five years, since they can't be exercised until 2018. At that point, the government will be able to buy more than 3 million Tesla shares for $7.54 each, and 5,100 additional shares for $8.94 apiece. While it can't exercise those warrants now, at the recent record high of $97.12, the warrants would net taxpayers a $277 million profit. Related: Tesla sales beat Merecedes, BMW and Audi Elon Musk: Electric car competition is key Tesla shares have soared since it reported its first quarterly profit on May 8. On May 9, it got further good news when the influential Consumer Reports said the company's Model S was the best car it has ever tested. First Published: May 15, 2013: 6:14 AM ET Join the Conversation Most Popular

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money.cnn.com

Radcliffe conjures brave new role as gay poet By DAVID GERMAIN PARK CITY, Utah (AP) — Daniel Radcliffe doesn't mind hearing that schoolgirls were staking him out at the Sundance Film Festival, hoping for a Harry Potter sighting.In fact, Radcliffe is happy if his Potter fame conjures up interest for what he wants to do with the rest of his career, such as his bold turn as young gay poet Allen Ginsberg in the Sundance premiere "Kill Your Darlings."Radcliffe goes nude for an explicit sex scene with another man, makes out with co-star Dane DeHaan and also appears in another sex scene with a clerk in a library while DeHaan's character looks on.As with his Broadway debut in "Equus," which also featured a nude scene, Radcliffe said his celebrity from the boy wizard franchise might draw in fans who would not have seen a film such as "Kill Your Darlings.""I don't care why people come and see films. If they come and see a film about the beat poets because they saw me in 'Harry Potter,' fantastic. That's a wonderful thing," Radcliffe said in an interview alongside DeHaan. "I feel like I have an opportunity to capitalize on 'Potter' by doing work that might not otherwise get attention. If I can help get a film like this attention, that's without doubt, that's a great thing.""Kill Your Darlings" recounts a little-known chapter in the life of Ginsberg, who met Jack Kerouac (Jack Huston) and William S. Burroughs (Ben Foster) at Columbia University during World War II. Daniel Radcliffe from the film "Kill Your Darlings," poses for a portrait during the 2013 Sundance F … DeHaan plays Ginsberg's early idol and infatuation Lucien Carr, whose relationship with an obsessive older man (Michael C. Hall) involves the future beat-generation icons in a seamy murder case.In the course of the film, Ginsberg comes to embrace his homosexuality. Hall said he hopes "Harry Potter" fans can come to embrace Radcliffe in the role and "expand their definition of what a magic wand might be.""Kill Your Darlings" director John Krokidas said Radcliffe hurled himself into the role and treated the nudity and gay love scenes as just another part of the job, with no qualms or anxiety."None! None! None!" said Krokidas, who is gay and so became Radcliffe's coach in same-sex love-making."Radcliffe simply asked, 'John, you're gay. How does this work?'" Krokidas said. "I'm not kidding. And so perhaps there was a little dry run-through — oh, she's going to kill me — with me and the director of photography Reed Morano."I might have done it on purpose to make everyone laugh, too, but I also wanted to make sure that we got it right. And other films that have depicted certain moments of sexuality like this, it doesn't happen that way. And at least for cinematic history, I wanted to get that moment right. But Dan watched, observed, found his own connection like he did any other scene and dove right into it.""Kill Your Darlings" premiered Friday afternoon at Sundance's main theater, which is adjacent to a high school where classes were just letting out for the day. A group of teenage girls rushed from the school to the back of the theater, trying to determine where Radcliffe and his co-stars would be coming in and out.Some stars grow to resent that sort of fan attention resulting from past roles, feeling it overshadows the work they're doing now. So far, Radcliffe seems to see nothing but good things coming out of "Harry Potter.""There was a generation of people who maybe wouldn't have gone to see a production of 'Equus,' had I not been in it, that came to see 'Equus,'" Radcliffe said. "Even if they came for the wrong reasons, you know, we got them there, and they stayed, and they watched. And they stayed for the right reasons."Arts & EntertainmentMovies

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‘Lucky’ poster tomfoolery By Michael Riedel January 11, 2013 | 5:00am A photo of Tom Hanks looms above the Broadhurst Theatre, but the name of the play he’s in — “Lucky Guy” — is not visible. Photo: NY Post: Brian Zak What do you do when you have a star who should be selling like hot cakes selling like lukewarm cakes? Scream at the people who designed the poster! I’m told there’s been some shouting matches over at SpotCo, one of Broadway’s leading advertising agencies, about the art for Nora Ephron’s “Lucky Guy,” starring Tom Hanks. I walked by the Broadhurst the other day and studied the marquee, and I have to say it does look a little lame. Hanks’ name is in big, white letters, of course, but the title of the play is scribbled near the bottom of the marquee in what looks like red lipstick. “Lucky Guy” is about newspaper columnist Mike McAlary, who never, I assure you, wore lipstick. Here’s how one Broadway wag describes the artwork: “It looks like somebody climbed on a ladder in the middle of the night and spray-painted the marquee with graffiti.” There’s a big photo of Hanks above the theater, but that’s been up for only a couple of weeks. You’d think the producers would have blanketed Times Square with photos of their superstar a long time ago. (I’ll be opening a theatrical consulting booth in the lobby of the Edison Hotel next week, should anybody like to swing by and tap into my producerial expertise. My fee is $250 an hour — the cost of a premium ticket to “Lucky Guy”!) The gold standard for advance sales for shows with major stars was set by Julia Roberts, Hugh Jackman and Daniel Craig. Jackman opened his sensational one-man show with $10 million in the bank. Roberts hit $10 million with “Three Days of Rain,” and Jackman and Craig had nearly $12 million on opening night of “A Steady Rain.” (“Rain” may be the key here. My advice is to change the title to “Lucky Guy in a Raincoat.” That’ll be $250, thank you very much!) The advance for “Lucky Guy” is about $4 million. “That’s not bad for a play,” says a veteran producer. “But it doesn’t make it critic-proof, and if they don’t get good reviews, that advance will dry up quickly. When Julia, Hugh and Daniel opened, their shows were pretty much sold-out. That’s what you expect from a Hollywood star.” Around Times Square, ticket brokers are complaining about the lack of buzz around Hanks and his play. “They’ve got a major star, but you just don’t get the sense of any excitement,” said one. Shubert Alley second-guessers say there are a number of things keeping a lid on Hanks’ sales. First, movie stars have been flooding Broadway for several years now, so it’s becoming less newsworthy when yet another one turns up in Times Square. Second, the shows with big stars this season have been disappointing, making theatergoers wary. Al Pacino sold well but his performance in “Glengarry Glen Ross” is a bust. Poor little Katie Holmes couldn’t sell a hot dog in Central Park, let alone a ticket to “Dead Accounts.” Third, Roberts, Jackman and Craig were all at the height of their careers when they hit Broadway. Hanks’ heyday was in the ’80s and ’90s, so his luster has dimmed a bit. Fourth, yes — the poster sucks. I’m rooting for “Lucky Guy.” It’s the last thing the much-missed Nora Ephron wrote, and its subjects — newspapers and columnists — are near and dear to my heart. So if the producers of “Lucky Guy” swing by my consulting booth, I’m going to give them a discount. Being as modest and humble as Mahatma Gandhi, I don’t like to gloat. But — hoop-de-dingle! — I get results. On Wednesday, the producers of “Cat on a Hot Tin Roof” cut Ghost Skipper as well as most of the show tunes that were added by director Rob Ashford. Since this was my idea, I will be listed in the Playbill as “co-director,” and my agent, Audrey Wood, will be negotiating my fee. Ashford’s probably miffed, but he’ll live to fight another day. He’s directing Kenneth Branagh in “Macbeth” this summer in Manchester. I bet he’ll have the witches sing “Defying Gravity.” ‘Abused’ teens take… ‘Abused’ teens take aim at… Twitter

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Matteau’s son Stefan enjoys solid Devils debut By Zach Braziller January 20, 2013 | 5:00am A lot can change in one week. Just ask Stefan Matteau. Seven days ago, the son of former Rangers hero Stefane Matteau was on his way to New Jersey for an abbreviated training camp, thinking for what would be a very short stay, a break from his juniors career. Last night, after an impressive camp, Matteau forced his way onto the roster, he was on the Nassau Coliseum ice making his NHL debut and contributing to the Devils’ 2-1 season-opening victory. Matteau, skating on a line with center Jacob Josefson and right winger Cam Janssen, saw 7:26 of ice time. It was a night the 18-year-old won’t soon forget, with his famous father, mother and sister among the 16,170 in the crowd at in Uniondale. “It was great,” he said. “Once the game got going, I thought I got better and better. I thought I could compete with those guys.” The plan for the physical 6-foot-1 first-round pick (29th overall) out of the USA junior developmental program in last year’s draft was to get a taste of the Devil way, be around NHL players and see where he stacked up. But after each practice, as Matteau continued to hold his own, the organization changed its mind and opted to keep him with the big club. “I worked hard and I thought I deserved it,” Matteau said, while clutching a game stick in his hands as a souvenir. Matteau, one of the last cuts from Team USA’s world junior championship club, may not necessarily stay up with the Devils. The first year of his entry-level contract goes into effect once he plays his sixth game, so he has four more games to continue to prove himself. He still may be sent back to his junior team, the Blainville-Boisbriand Armada of the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League, before then. Before the game, legendary Devils goaltender Martin Brodeur spoke to Matteau about his own NHL debut. Brodeur told him to savor the moment. “It’s something you can never forget,” Brodeur said. Brodeur, it has been well documented, has history with Matteau’s father, who scored the game-winning goal on Brodeur in Game 7 of the 1994 Eastern Conference finals. Now the son is playing in front of Brodeur, who helped ease his anxious new teammate before his NHL debut. “I wanted to make sure he scored a goal on the other guy,” Brodeur said jokingly. Filed underNew Jersey Devils Read Next: Devils beat Islanders… Devils beat Islanders in opener Twitter

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nypost.com

Not much is going right for Yankees’ lefty hitters By George A. King III July 10, 2013 | 6:19am Brett Gardner showed signs of emerging from a slump last night, but Travis Hafner’s struggles at the plate continued. Hafner hit .318 with six homers and 18 RBIs in April, but after going 0-for-3 with three strikeouts in Tuesday night’s 3-1 loss to the Royals, he is at .217 with 12 homers and 37 RBIs for the year and in a 1-for-17 slide. A right-shoulder problem forced Hafner to miss five games in mid-May, but manager Joe Girardi said Hafner hasn’t complained of discomfort in the hinge. “He says it’s fine and he has not complained about it,’’ Girardi said. “Since we have had him, it’s always been a maintenance program, but he was complaining about it when he was hurt and he hasn’t been complaining.’’ Hafner said the shoulder problem may have altered his hitting mechanics but didn’t linger. “Physically, I feel great,’’ he said. “I am struggling with inconsistency. This game is all about consistency, and I need to do a better job.’’ Girardi is confused as to why Hafner is struggling, but admits a depleted lineup could use a power boost from the left-handed hitting DH. “It’s hard to put your finger on exactly why he is struggling,’’ said Girardi, who explained before the game he isn’t thinking about making a switch at DH against right-handed pitchers. “But he is [struggling] and we need him to hit. We need this guy to hit and we are doing everything we can do get him going.’’ As for Gardner, he collected two hits and broke a 0-for-16 slide. He didn’t add to his 80-strikeout total, which he said is due to chasing pitches out of the strike zone. He set a club record by striking out at least once in 16 straight games. “I don’t see a lot of difference except that he isn’t getting hits,’’ Girardi said. “My guess he will get going.’’ Robinson Cano’s first-inning single was the 1,558th career hit and tied him with Thurman Munson for 18th place on the club’s all-time hit list. David Robertson sincerely wants to win the fan vote for the final spot on the AL All-Star squad. “I really want to go,’’ Robertson said of Tuesday’s game at Citi Field. “It’s in New York and [Mariano Rivera’s] last year.’’ As of yesterday, Robertson was second to Toronto reliever Steve Delabar. One night after not having Eduardo Nunez, Ichiro Suzuki, Lyle Overbay and Chris Stewart in the starting lineup against right-hander Jeremy Guthrie, Girardi had all them facing James Shields Tuesday night. It didn’t do any good, because they went a combined 2-for-14. Austin Romine is hitting .132 (9-for-68) with 17 strikeouts in 32 games but, as usual, Girardi found a positive in the rookie catcher. “I am very pleased with his defense,’’ Girardi said. “I do see better at-bats, and he works his rear end off.’’ Filed underNew York Yankees Read Next: Yankees lose third… Yankees lose third straight; offense… Twitter

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/484

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nypost.com

140 U.S. 529 - Williams v. Heard Home140 us 529 williams v. heard 140 US 529 Williams v. Heard 140 U.S. 529 WILLIAMSv.HEARD et al. May 25, 1891. This was an action for money had and received, brought in the supreme judicial court of the commonwealth of Massachusetts for the county of Suffolk by John Heard, Augustine Heard, and Albert F. Heard against their assignees in bankruptcy, to recover the amount of an award made by the court of commissioners of Alabama claims, under the act of congress approved June 5, 1882, (22 St. 98,) on account of war premiums of insurance paid by the pain tiffs during the war of the Rebellion, which award had been paid to the assignees by the United States. The case was entered in the full court, where it was tried upon the following agreed statement of facts: 'The plaintiffs, citizens of the United States, were engaged between April 13, 1861, and April 9, 1865, as partners under the firm name of Augustine Heard and Company, in the business of buying and shipping steamers for China, receiving merchandise from China, and selling the same, and insuring merchandise and vessels. During that period the plaintiffs bore true allegiance to the government of the United States, and, after the sailing of the first Confederate cruiser they made, in the course of their business, certain enhanced payments of insurance, otherwise called payments of premiums for war risks or war premiums, on merchandise and vessels, to an amount exceeding the sum awarded on their account by the court of commissioners of Alabama claims, as hereinafter set forth. On May 31, 1865, the said firm of Augustine Heard and Company was dissolved by the agreement of the members thereof. On August 5, 1875, the plaintiffs were severally adjudicated bankrupts in the United States district court for the district of Massachusetts. On September 11, 1875, assignments in bankruptcy in the usual form were made to the defendants, and on July 20, 1877, the plaintiffs received their discharge in bankruptcy. The said firm and each of the plaintiffs individually were solvent when said firm was dissolved, and all the debts owed by the plaintiffs at the time of their said adjudication in bankruptcy were incurred after said dissolution. The estate of said bankrupts received by the defendants hitherto has been insufficient to pay in full the debts of the bankrupts. In December, 1886, an award was made by the court of commissioners of Alabama claims established under the act of congress approved June 5, 1882, to the defendants as assignees in bankruptcy of the plaintiffs in proceedings in said court to which the plaintiffs in his action were parties, on account of the said payments of war premiums by the plaintiffs, and was in part paid to the defendants by the United States. Of the sum so awarded and paid there remains in the hands of the defendants, after paying the reasonable expenses of prosecuting the claim before said court of commissioners and collecting the award, the sum of thirteen thousand six hundred and twelve and 85-100 ($13,612.85) dollars. The amount of the Geneva award remaining unappropriated was insufficient to pay the war premium awards in full. The treaty of Washington, between the United States and Great Britain, promulgated July 4, 1871; the decisions rendered by the tribunal of arbitration at Geneva, and the final decision and award made by said tribunal on September 18, 1872; the acts of congress of june 23, 1874, and june 5, 1882, re-spectively, creating and re-establising the court of commiSsioners of alabama claims; the several acts of congress relating to the said courts and the payment of their awards,—are to be treated as facts in this case, and may be referred to at the argument. No controversy or question exists between the parties as to the proportions in which the several plaintiffs are entitled, if at all, to the sum recovered, or as to the distribution of the same; and it is agreed that, if upon the foregoing facts the plaintiffs are entitled to recover, judgment is to be entered for them and the case is to stand for the assessment of damages; otherwise judgment for the defendants. It is further agreed that in either event the expenses of this action and reasonable counsel fees to each party may be paid out of the fund in the defendants' hands.' There was a judgment for the plaintiffs, two of the judges dissenting, (146 Mass. 545, 16 N. E. Rep. 437,) the rescript being entered April 25, 1888. By agreement damages were assessed at $10,000, and in accordance therewith judgment for that amount was entered on the 5th of June, 188. To review that judgment this writ of error was prosecuted. One of the defendants having died and the other having resigned his trust, the present plaintiff in error was appointed assignee, and he thereafter regularly entered his appearance in the case. Moses Williams and Chas. A. Williams, for plaintiff in error. H. W. Putnam, for defendants in error. LAMAR, J. The single question on the merits of the case is whether, at the date of their adjudication in bankruptcy, the claim of the defendants in error for war premiums passed to their assignees in bankruptcy, as a part of their estate. As preliminary to the discussion of the merits of the case, it is urged by the defendants in error that this is not a federal question, and that therefore the writ of error should be dismissed. We do not think, however, that this contention can be sustained. Both parties claim the proceeds of the award, the defendants in error asserting that it did not pass to their assignees in bankruptcy under section 5044 of the Revised Statutes, and the plaintiff in error insisting that the claim was a part of their estate at the date of their adjudication in bankruptcy, and did pass to the assignees under that section of the Revised Statutes. The assignee's claim to the award is based on that section of the statutes, and, as the state court decided against him, this court has jurisdiction under section 709, Rev. St., to review that judgment, for the decision of the state court was against a 'right' or 'title' claimed under a statute of the United States, within the meaning of that section. The case upon the merits is more difficult. There is high authority in the state courts in support of the judgment of the court below. The same general question had arisen in New York, in Maryland, and in Maine, and in each instance the decision has been, like the one we are reviewing, against the assignee. See Taft v. Marsily, 120 N. Y. 474, 24 N. E. Rep. 926; Brooks v. Ahrens, 68 Md. 212, 12 Atl. Rep. 19; and Kingsbury v. Mattocks, 81 Me. 310, 17 Atl. Rep. 126. But as the question is one arising under the bankruptcy statute of the United States, we cannot rest our judgment upon those adjudications alone, however persuasive they may be. By the treaty of Washington, concluded May 8, 1871, between the United States and Great Britain, and proclaimed July 4, 1871, (17 St. 863,) it was provided that, in order to settle the differences which had arisen between the United States and Great Britain respecting claims growing out of depredations committed by the Alabama and other designated vessels which had sailed from British ports upon the commerce and navy of the United States, which were generically known as the 'Alabama Claims,' those claims should be submitted to a tribunal of arbitration called to meet at Geneva, in Switzerland. The claims presented to that tribunal on the part of the representatives of the United States included those arising out of damages committed by those cruisers, and also indirect claims of several descriptions, and among them claims for enhanced premiums of insurance, or 'war risks,' as they were sometimes called. As respect

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/506

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openjurist.org

415 F. 2d 1 - Reliance Insurance Companies v. National Labor Relations Board Home415 f2d 1 reliance insurance companies v. national labor relations board 415 F2d 1 Reliance Insurance Companies v. National Labor Relations Board 415 F.2d 1 RELIANCE INSURANCE COMPANIES, Petitioner,v.NATIONAL LABOR RELATIONS BOARD, Respondent. United States Court of Appeals Eighth Circuit. September 4, 1969. Byron J. Beck of Morrison, Hecker, Cozad, Morrison & Curtis, Kansas City, Mo., for petitioner. Robert A. Giannasi, Atty., National Labor Relations Board, Washington, D. C., for respondent; Arnold Ordman, Gen. Counsel, Dominick L. Manoli, Assoc. Gen. Counsel, Marcel Mallet-Prevost, Asst. Gen. Counsel, and Warren M. Davison, Atty., N.L.R.B., on the brief. Before MATTHES, GIBSON and BRIGHT, Circuit Judges. FLOYD R. GIBSON, Circuit Judge. Petitioner, Reliance Insurance Companies, seeks to review and to set aside an order of the National Labor Relations Board entered on December 3, 1968 against Reliance, reported at 173 NLRB 161, finding Reliance in violation of §§ 8 (a)(3) and 8(a)(1) of the Labor Management Relations Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 151 (1965) et seq. The Board files a cross-application for enforcement of its order. The Trial Examiner found that the General Counsel had failed to establish by the preponderance of the evidence the unfair labor practice charges set forth in the complaint and recommended that the complaint be dismissed in its entirety, but the Board in a 2-1 decision found that Reliance had violated §§ 8(a)(3) and 8(a)(1) of the Act by failing to give nondiscriminatory consideration to the application of Robert L. Thomas for employment and § 8(a)(1) of the Act by interrogating Thomas concerning his interest and activity in the Union (American Claims Union, the complainant).1 The broad question raised on appeal is whether there is substantial evidence on the whole record to support the Board's findings. Two distinct issues are presented: (1) whether Reliance's questioning of Thomas about his union activity violates § 8(a)(1) of the Act; and (2) whether Reliance discriminated against Thomas with regard to his application for employment in violation of §§ 8(a)(3) and 8(a)(1) of the Act. A resolution of these issues necessarily involves a comprehensive review of the evidence. The undisputed evidence shows that Reliance, operating nationwide, had an opening in its Kansas City office on May 1, 1967 for a claims adjuster. Reliance unsuccessfully attempted to fill this position by transferring Robert Davidson, a claims employee with 13 years experience, from Grand Island, Nebraska to Kansas City. On May 31,2 Davidson declined the opportunity to transfer. In the interim, on or about May 10, Jack Miller applied for the job. He was told that Reliance would keep his application but would take no action until negotiations with Davidson were concluded. Previously, under date of November 16, 1966, John Folk, vice president in charge of claims, sent a notice to all district claims offices stating (1) he wanted to know about all personnel matters, including proposed hirings, and (2) he would be sending "a profile to follow in recruiting applicants for positions in the Claims Department," and requesting that the offices in the interim advise him about any vacancies so that "This will give us an opportunity to make any suggestions before you commit yourself to any prospective employee. * * * [T]hese instructions apply to all technical claims employees * * * [but not] to clerical employees * * *." In line with the above letter, Reliance established the policy of obtaining claims adjusters with at least three years experience in the claims field or else obtaining novices with no experience and starting them out as trainees; college graduates were desired if available. On June 5, John Travers, claims manager for the Reliance office in Kansas City, Missouri, wrote to Folk of his intention to fill the vacancy with a man possessing a minimum of three years experience in line with Folk's requirement for new claims adjusters, which individual would be passed upon by Folk, and if no such applicant were secured the trainee route would be pursued. This procedure was followed by the Kansas City office in hiring Robert Therlin on June 22. On June 26, Robert L. Thomas who had 2½ years claims experience with the Hartford Insurance Group in Kansas City applied for the opening with Reliance. Thomas had resigned from Hartford in May. Previous to his resignation he was actively involved in an unsuccessful union organizational attempt at Hartford. (The Union lost the representational election held on February 27.) He worked for a short period as a book salesman and in June sought to return to the adjustment field and obtain a position as a claims adjuster. Before applying to Reliance, Thomas consulted with Gary Widmer, president of the American Claims Union, who promised to call Travers and inform him that Thomas was not a rabble-rouser or troublemaker. At the interview of June 26, Thomas presented a resume of his background and when Travers mentioned that he knew Joe Shramek, the regional claims manager of the Hartford Insurance Group, and that he was a friend of his, Thomas's response and Travers' questioning, according to Thomas, was: "* * * I shook my head and smiled. He [Travers] said, `Have you had any problems with Hartford or Mr. Shramek?' I said, `Well Mr. Travers, you know as well as I do we had a union election at Hartford and other than the union I had no problem with Mr. Shramek or the company.'" The interview continued with Travers stating they had a new company policy for hiring men but Travers could not find the letter setting forth the policy. Travers then asked Thomas, "Are you still active in the union, Bob?" Thomas answered he was not necessarily pro-union but he was very active with the Union while at Hartford. At this point the conversation was interrupted by a telephone call from Widmer, who asked Travers to consider Thomas on his merits, which Travers said he would do.3 At the conclusion of Widmer's call the interview continued, according to Thomas, as follows: "I asked `Was that Gary?' He said, `Yes.' Mr. Travers then said, `Well, Bob, unions, I'm very interested in unions and I'm not really against them myself, but as I said before, we've got a new company policy and the man above me, he might not like your being a member.' I said, `Well, Mr. Travers, I would do a good job for you, to the best of my ability, and I'm not here to cause any trouble.' Mr. Travers then said, `Well, we'll put your name in the hopper along with the rest of the men.' and he gave me an application to fill out and I told him I would return it as soon as possible." Thomas took the application form and returned it two or three days later, June 28 or 29 (the record is not clear on the precise date), at which time he had a second interview with Travers. At this time Thomas expressed the view that Travers should have the authority to act on his application without consulting the home office and volunteered the statement, "Well, Mr. Travers, I realize you have to be careful of me because of my union activity." to which Travers replied, "Well, yes, I do." Travers testified he accepted the application and said, "Fine, as I told you in my first interview, I have just started to find a man and I will let you know in due course." Additional brief conversation ensued; Thomas shook hands with Travers and left. Thomas then apparently contacted Widmer and on the following Monday, July 3, the American Claims Union on behalf of Thomas filed the unfair labor practice charges against Reliance and the American Mutual Liability Insurance Company. Several applicants for the position were interviewed by Reliance both before and after the charge was filed. On July 6 or 7, Jack Miller again contacted Reliance to say he was still available for the position. On July 12, Folk sent a memorandum to Travers in which he inquired as to the status of the attempt to fill the job vacancy. On July 13, Travers sent the applications of Thomas and Miller, but none of the other applications, to Folk. Travers said nothing about the Thomas application but recommended the hiring of Miller on the basis of his experience and qualifications for the job. On July 14, Folk ap

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760 F. 2d 756 - Duran v. J Elrod Home760 f2d 756 duran v. j elrod 760 F2d 756 Duran v. J Elrod 760 F.2d 756 85 A.L.R.Fed. 291 Dan DURAN, et al., Plaintiffs-Appellees,v.Richard J. ELROD, et al., Defendants-Appellants. Argued April 12, 1985.Decided April 12, 1985.*Opinion April 26, 1985. Ruthanne DeWolfe, Richard Hess, Robert E. Lehrer, Legal Assistance Foundation, Chicago, Ill., for plaintiffs-appellees. Henry A. Hauser, Chief Civil Actions Bureau, Chicago, Ill., for defendants-appellants. Before CUMMINGS, Chief Judge, and POSNER and FLAUM, Circuit Judges. POSNER, Circuit Judge. The administrators of the Cook County (Illinois) Jail appeal from an order refusing to lift, for seven weeks, a provision in a class-action consent decree regulating the living accommodations in the jail. The jail houses people who are awaiting trial on criminal charges because they have been denied bail or (more commonly) have been unable or unwilling to post the amount of cash required to make bail; it also houses convicted defendants en route to a penitentiary to serve their sentence, but they are not involved in this litigation. In 1974 a class action was brought on behalf of the pretrial detainees against the Cook County officials ("County," for short) in charge of the jail. The suit, which charged that conditions in the jail were so harsh, unsafe, and unsanitary as to constitute punishment of pretrial detainees in violation of the Fourteenth Amendment's due process clause, was settled in 1982 by the entry of a consent decree. The decree places numerous restrictions on the jail. Living space, food, exercise, law books, grievances, security, and visits are all regulated by the decree. The decree appoints the John Howard Association, a private (and we add, highly respected) group concerned with prison conditions, to monitor, like a special master, the County's compliance with the decree. One provision of the decree forbids "double bunking" (double occupancy of a cell) in Division I of the jail. Division I was built in 1927, and its cells, even after having been doubled in size as required by another provision of the decree, are only 8 feet by 8 feet in size (64 square feet). In 1983, with the jail population growing rapidly, the County asked the district judge who had approved the decree to modify it to permit double bunking in Division I until the jail was enlarged. The judge (1) denied the motion and (2) ordered the County to release as many pretrial detainees on their own recognizance (that is, without making them put up any bail money) as necessary to keep the jail's population at 4,500 (approximately the number of beds), and to do so in reverse order of the size of their bonds, so that low-bond pretrial detainees would be released before high-bond ones (if the bonds were of equal size, the inmate who had been in jail the longest had to be released first). The County appealed; this court affirmed both the "cap" order and the denial of the motion to modify the decree. Duran v. Elrod, 713 F.2d 292, 297-98 (7th Cir.1983). With the number of people charged with crime in Cook County continuing to grow rapidly, it became impossible to comply with the "cap" order by releasing just inmates awaiting trial on misdemeanor charges. In the first six months of 1984 the County had had to release 6,434 inmates to avoid having to double bunk; in the last six months this number rose to 9,462. Beginning in November 1984 the County began releasing inmates awaiting trial on felony charges, and by March of this year it was apparent that the release of these inmates was a menace to public safety. A study showed that 311 of the 1,474 inmates who had been released on their own recognizance in January pursuant to the district judge's order were accused felons and that by March 12, 53 of the 311 accused felons had become fugitives. Others had been convicted, acquitted (or the charges against them dropped), or otherwise removed from the status of pretrial detainee. Of the 154 accused felons against whom charges were still pending on March 12 (other than the fugitives), 16 had already been arrested for subsequent crimes--10 for felonies and 6 for misdemeanors. They undoubtedly had committed other crimes that had not resulted in arrests, for most crimes are not solved, and most of the accused felons released pursuant to the judge's order have substantial criminal records. This is not because the County willfully selects the most dangerous people to release but because the "cap" order required that those with the lowest bonds be released first, regardless of the nature of the crime or the defendant's record, and because the jail has run out of low-bond inmates to release. To comply with the judge's order the County now is routinely releasing inmates with bonds as high as $5,000 ($500 in cash), even though, as its study shows, many of the released inmates will become fugitives, or commit felonies while awaiting trial, or become fugitives and commit crimes. On March 27 the County filed a motion asking the district judge to modify the consent decree to allow double bunking of accused felons until May 15, when the renovation of an existing building at the jail and the completion of a new one will add 738 new beds. The judge denied the motion, noting that the County had dragged its heels in constructing new facilities to relieve overcrowding and suggesting that the County devise a system for releasing on their own recognizance the least dangerous persons accused of felonies. The County appealed to us, as it was entitled to do under 28 U.S.C. Sec. 1292(a)(1) since the judge's order was the refusal to modify an equitable decree. Following oral argument on April 12, we issued an order, effective immediately, reversing the district court's order and granting the modification requested, with the notation that this opinion would follow. From the recital of facts it should be clear that the plaintiffs' first argument--that our previous opinion definitively establishes the lack of merit in the County's request--is itself without merit. The issue before us two years ago was different from the issue today: 1. The decree had been entered only a year before. 2. The modification sought was not limited to a definite time period; the County wanted the prohibition against double bunking postponed until the expansion of the jail was complete--a matter (it has turned out) of years, not weeks. 3. The County had not even begun the construction required to comply with the decree. 4. Many of the inmates being released on their own recognizance could have made bail with less than $100 in cash, see 713 F.2d at 298, and we regarded these inmates as unthreatening. There was no suggestion that accused felons might have to be released, and there was nothing corresponding to the study of flight and recidivism that the County has put in to support its present request to modify. We must therefore consider the merits of that request. A court of equity has the power "to modify an injunction in adaptation to changed conditions though it was entered by consent," United States v. Swift & Co., 286 U.S. 106, 114, 52 S.Ct. 460, 462, 76 L.Ed. 999 (1932), and this regardless of whether there is an express reservation of the power: "A continuing decree of injunction directed to events to come is subject always to adaptation as events may shape the need." Id. Although recent decisions have suggested that a more liberal standard than that laid down in Swift for exercising the power to modify (the standard in Swift is whether there has been "a clear showing of grievous wrong evoked by new and unforeseen conditions," id. at 119, 52 S.Ct. at 464) is appropriate in the case of decrees supervising public institutions, see New York State Ass'n for Retarded Children, Inc. v. Carey, 706 F.2d 956, 970 (2d Cir.1983); Alliance to End Repression v. City of Chicago, 742 F.2d 1007, 1020 (7th Cir.1984) (en banc) (dictum); United States v. City of Chicago, 663 F.2d 1354, 1359-60 (7th Cir.1981) (en banc); Newman v. Graddick, 740 F.2d 1513, 1520-21 (11th Cir.1984); Philadelphia Welfare Rights Organization v. Shapp, 602 F.2d 1114, 1120-21 (3d Cir.1979); but see Rajender v. University of Minnesota, 730 F.2d 1110, 1115-16 (8th Cir.1984) (citing cases), we have no occasion in this case to consider an alternative standard. Even if the Swift standard applies with full force, the district judge's refusal to modify the decree for the short period of time requested by the County must be reversed. Two principles, one having to do with the limits of judicial competence, the other a conventional principle of equity jurisprudence, frame our analysis. 1. Federal judges must always be circumspect in imposing their ideas about civilized and effective prison administration on state prison officials. See Block v. Rutherford, --- U.S. ----, 104 S.Ct. 3227, 3232, 82 L.Ed.2d 438 (1984); Procunier v. Martinez, 416 U.S. 396, 404-05, 94 S.Ct. 1800, 1807, 40 L.Ed.2d 224 (1974); Rhodes v. Chapman, 452 U.S. 337, 351 n. 16, 101 S.Ct. 2392, 2401 n. 16, 69 L.Ed.2d 59 (1981). The Constitution does not speak with precision to the issue of prison conditions (that is an understatement); federal judges know little about the management of prisons; managerial judgments generally are the province of other branches of government than the judicial; and it is unseemly for federal courts to tell a state or city or, as here, a county how to run its prison system. Of course the County agreed to a consent decree which severely limits its freedom of action, but the County is not the state. Federal courts must be wary of entanglement in the intramural struggles of state or local government. 2. When an equity decree affects other people besides the parties to it, the judge must take account of the interest of those people--the public interest--in his decision whether to grant or deny equitable relief. See, e.g., Yakus v. United States, 321 U.S. 414, 440-41, 64 S.Ct. 660, 674-75, 88 L.Ed. 834 (1944); Roland Machinery Co. v. Dresser Industries, Inc., 749 F.2d 380, 388 (7th Cir.1984). This is true whether the judge is being asked to approve a decree, see, e.g., Donovan v. Robbins, 752 F.2d 1170, 1176 (7th Cir.1984), or interpret a decree, see, e.g., Alliance to End Repression v. City of Chicago, supra, 742 F.2d at 1013, or, it seems evident, modify a decree. Therefore, in deciding whether the County had shown a "grievous wrong" due to "new and unforeseen conditions" such as would j

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openjurist.org

273 US 545 Shukert v. Allen 273 US 545 Shukert v. Allen 273 U.S. 545 SHUKERT et al.v.ALLEN, Collector of Internal Revenue. Argued March 4-7, 1927. Messrs. W. B. McIlvaine, of Chicago, Ill., and Arthur F. Mullen, of Omaha, Neb., for petitioners. Mr. Thomas H. Lewis, Jr., of Washington, D. C., for respondent. Mr. Justice HOLMES delivered the opinion of the Court. This is a suit to recover the amount of a federal estate tax paid by the plaintiffs, petitioners, under dures

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/509

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openjurist.org

298 US 38 St Joseph Stock Yards Co v. United States 298 US 38 St Joseph Stock Yards Co v. United States 298 U.S. 38 ST. JOSEPH STOCK YARDS CO.v.UNITED STATES et al. Argued March 2, 1936. Appeal from the District Court of the United States for the Western District of Missouri. [Argument of Counsel from pages 38-40 intentionally omitted] Messrs. Ross Dean Rynder and William N. Strack, both of Chicago, Ill., for appellant. [Argument of Counsel from page 40 intentionally omitted] Messrs. Homer S. Cummings, Atty. Gen., and John Dickinson, Asst. Atty. Gen., for appellees. Mr. Chief Justice HUGHES delivered the opinion of the Court. This suit was brought by St. Joseph Stock Yards Company to restrain the enforcement of an order of the Secretary of Agriculture fixing maximum rates for the company's services. The District Court composed of three judges dismissed the bill of complaint (11 F.Supp. 322) and appeal lies directly to this Court. 7 U.S.C. § 217 (7 U.S.C.A. § 217); 28 U.S.C. § 47 (28 U.S.C.A. § 47). In October, 1929, the Secretary of Agriculture initiated a general inquiry into the reasonableness of appellant's rates. After hearing, the Secretary prescribed maximum rates which were enjoined by the District Court. St. Joseph Stock Yards Co. v. United States, 58 F.(2d) 290. The Secretary reopened the proceeding and hearing was had in 1933. While the matter was un er consideration, appellant filed in February, 1934, a petition for a further hearing. On May 4, 1934, the Secretary denied the petition and made the order now in question. The validity of the provisions of the Packers and Stockyards Act 1921 (42 Stat. 159, 7 U.S.C. §§ 181—229 (7 U.S.C.A. §§ 181 229)), authorizing the Secretary of Agriculture to prescribe maximum charges for the services of stockyards, has been sustained. Stafford v. Wallace, 258 U.S. 495, 42 S.Ct. 397, 66 L.Ed. 735, 23 A.L.R. 229; Tagg Bros. & Moorhead v. United States, 280 U.S. 420, 50 S.Ct. 220, 74 L.Ed. 524. In this suit appellant attacked the Secretary's order as lacking the support of essential findings, and also as confiscatory, thus violating the Fifth Amendment of the Federal Constitution. The denial of the request for a further hearing was assailed. No additional evidence was introduced in the District Court, and the case was submitted at the final hearing upon the record made before the Secretary. First. The Secretary's Findings.—The findings are elaborate. They include detailed findings with respect to the services rendered by appellant and its rates, the used and useful character of appellant's property, the valuation of used and useful land, the value of appellant's structures on the basis of cost of reproduction new less depreciation, working capital, going concern value, fair value on the basis of the facts found, fair rate of return, reasonable operating expenses (including repairs, depreciation and taxes), necessary revenue, and volume of business. The Secretary found that the existing rates produced revenues in excess of those necessary to pay reasonable expenses and afford a fair return; that 'the schedule of rates and charges now in effect is unreasonable and unjustly discriminatory.' As a guide to his determination of reasonable rates, the Secretary caused an analysis to be made of the books and records of the appellant covering the six-year period from 1927 to 1932. He reached his conclusion in the light of that evidence. Appellant contends that, as a prerequisite to a reduction of rates, it was necessary for the Secretary to find that the rates were unreasonable 'at the time of the hearing,' and that there were no findings to support such a conclusion with respect to the year 1932, the year immediately preceding the hearing. But, in determining whether the existing rates were unreasonable, the Secretary was not confined to evidence as to their operation at the precise time of his hearing, or in the months, or even a year, immediately prior thereto. He was entitled to consider the conditions which then obtained and also to extend his examination over such a reasonable period of past operations as would enable him to make a fair prediction in fixing the maximum rates to be charged in the future. The Secretary had before him the particular conditions which prevailed in the year 1932 and in the selection of the six-year period including that year, and in not taking the year 1932 as a sole criterion we find nothing arbitrary. There are also objections to the failure of the Secretary to make specific findings on certain points of fact, but, so far as the requirement of findings is concerned, we think that the extensive findings that were made adequately supported his order. Second. The Refusal of the Secretary to Reopen the Proceeding.—The hearing was closed on February 16, 1933. In the following January a copy of the proposed order was transmitted to counsel for appellant and opportunity was given to file exceptions. Numerous exceptions were filed, and at the same time (February, 1934) appellant asked for a further hearing upon the ground that there had been such a serious change in conditions affecting the value of the company's property, its income, and the probable receipts of livestock and expenses of its yards, that the record no longer fairly reflected these matters. The application pointed to the Agricultural Adjustment Act of May 12, 1933 (48 § at. 31), the National Industrial Recovery Act of June 16, 1933 (48 Stat. 195), and the Gold Reserve Act of January 30, 1934 (48 Stat. 337)—all as producing changes of which account should be taken. Appellant also alleged that its books and records were available to give the complete results of its operations for the year 1933, which showed a lower net operating income than that stated in the Secretary's proposed report. The Secretary heard argument, made an informal investigation, and denied the application. He was careful to say that, while as a result of his investigation he found no adequate ground for reopening the proceeding, he did not use the facts thus elicited as a part of the record upon which his determination of rates was based. After stating what he deemed to be comparative results of operations in 1933 and in January and February, 1934, the Secretary gave as the general grounds for his action that it was inevitable that in such determinations considerable time must be consumed and that there would be some economic change; that appellant had obtained one rehearing because the first hearing had been followed by a general business depression which adversely affected its gross revenues; that it sought another because since the last hearing there had been a general improvement in those conditions; that in determining the values used as a rate base 'depression or stagnation values' had carefully been avoided and 'normals' used; that the prescribed rates which the Secretary deemed to be fair at that time would, 'as the economic improvement continues, become liberal'; that the matter had been 'in hearing and litigation since the year 1929' and the time had come for decision. The decree of the District Court was filed on May 1, 1935. Despite the opportunity which the suit afforded, the record shows no endeavor on the part of appellant to prove any additional facts as to the conditions which obtained in 1933, or as to its operations in that year or at any time down to the hearing in the District Court, or as to any matter outside the record which had been made before the Secretary. The court concluded that the effect of the legislation of 1933 was speculative; that the difference between the amount which appellant claimed would have been earned under the prescribed rates, if applied to the business of 1933, and the amount found by the Secretary to constitute the reasonable net return, was 'too small to be taken as a guide for a rate'; that, in order 'to gauge the future,' the Secretary had taken six years, 'two of which were deeply affected by the depression,' and that the experience before the Secretary 'was up to ten days before the date of the hearing.' In that view the court decided that the proceeding should not be reopened and that the question of the effects urged by appellants in that relation should await the test of actual experience upon which, if sufficient reasons were shown, the Secretary's order could be challenged. 11 F.Supp. 322, at page 325. We find no error in that conclusion. If it be found that the rates as prescribed were not confiscatory, we see no reason for holding the Secretary's order to be ineffective because of his refusal to reopen the proceeding. United States v. Northern Pacific Railway Company, 288 U.S. 490, 53 S.Ct. 406, 77 L.Ed. 914. Third. The Scope of Judicial Review upon the Issue of Confiscation.—The question is not one of fixing a reasonable charge for a mere personal service subject to regulation under the commerce power, as in the case of market agencies employing but little capital. See Tagg Bros. & Moorhead v. United States, supra, 280 U.S. 420, at pages 438, 439, 50 S.Ct. 220, 74 L.Ed. 524. Here a large capital investment is involved and the main issue is as to the alleged confiscation of that investment. A preliminary question is presented by the contention that the District Court, in the presence of this issue, failed to exercise its independent judgment upon the facts. 11 F.Supp. 322, at pages 326—328. See Ohio Valley Water Co. v. Ben Avon Borough, 253 U.S. 287, 289, 40 S.Ct. 527, 64 L.Ed. 908; Prendergast v. New York Telephone Co., 262 U.S. 43, 50, 43 S.Ct. 466, 67 L.Ed. 853; Bluefield Water Works & Imp. Co. v. Public Service Commission, 262 U.S. 679, 689, 43 S.Ct. 675, 67 L.Ed. 1176; United Railways & Electric Co. v. West, 280 U.S. 234, 251, 50 S.Ct. 123, 74 L.Ed. 390; Tagg Bros. & Moorhead v. United States, supra, 280 U.S. 420, at pages 443, 444, 50 S.Ct. 220, 74 L.Ed. 524; Phillips v. Commissioner, 283 U.S. 589, 600, 51 S.Ct. 608, 75 L.Ed. 1289; Crowell v. Benson, 285 U.S. 22, 60, 52 S.Ct. 285, 76 L.Ed. 598; State Corporation Commission v. Wichita Gas Co., 290 U.S. 561, 569, 54 S.Ct. 321, 78 L.Ed. 500. The District Court thought that the question was still an open one under the Packers and Stockyards Act, and expressed the view that, even though the issue is one of confiscation, the court is bound to accept the findings of the Secretary if they are supported by substantial evidence and that it is not within the judicial province to weigh the evidence and pass upon the issues of fact. The government points out that, notwithstanding what was said by the court upon this point, the court carefully analyzed the evidence, made many specific findings of its own, and in addition adopted, with certain exceptions, the findings of the Secretary. The government insists that appellant thus had an adequate judicial review, and, further, that the case is in equity and comes before the court on appeal, and that from every point of view the clear preponderance of the evidence shows that the prescribed rates were in fact just and reasonable. Hence the government says that the decree should be affirmed, irrespective of possible error in the reasoning of the District Court. See West v. Chesapeake & Potomac Telephone Co., 295 U.S. 662, 680, 55 S.Ct. 894, 79 L.Ed. 1640. In view, however, of the discussion in the court's opinion,1 the preliminary question should be considered. The fixing of rates is a legislative act. In determining the scope of judicial review of that act, there is a distinction between action within the sphere of legislative authority and action which transcends the limits of legislative power. Exercising its rate-making authority, the Legislature has a broad discretion. It may exercise that authority directly, or through the agency it creates or appoints to act for that purpose in accordance with appropriate standards. The court does not sit as a board of revision to substitute its judgment for that of the Legislature or its agents as to matters within the province of either. San Diego Land & Town Co. v. Jasper, 189 U.S. 439, 446, 23 S.Ct. 571, 47 L.Ed. 892; Minnesota Rate Cases (Simpson v. Shepard), 230 U.S. 352, 433, 33 S.Ct. 729, 57 L.Ed. 1511, 48 L.R.A.(N.S.) 1151, Ann.Cas.1916A, 18; Los Angeles Gas & Elec. Corp. v. Railroad Commission, 289 U.S. 287, 304, 53 S.Ct. 637, 77 L.Ed. 1180. When the Legislature itself acts within the broad field of legislative discretion, its determinations are conclusive. When the Legislature appoints an agent to act within that sphere of legislative authority, it may endow the agent with power to make findings of fact which are conclusive, provided the requirements of due process which are specially applicable to such an agency are met, as in according a fair hearing and acting upon evidence and not arbitrarily. Interstate Commerce Commission v. Louisville & Nashville R.R. Co., 227 U.S. 88, 91, 33 S.Ct. 185, 57 L.Ed. 431; Virginian Railway Co. v. United States, 272 U.S. 658, 663, 47 S.Ct. 222, 71 L.Ed. 463; Tagg Bros. & Moorhead v. United States, supra, 280 U.S. 420, at page 444, 50 S.Ct. 220, 74 L.Ed. 524; Florida v. United States, 292 U.S. 1, 12, 54 S.Ct. 603, 78 L.Ed. 1077. In such cases the judicial inquiry into the facts goes no further than to ascertain whether there is evidence to support the findings, and the question of the weight of the evidence in determining issues of fact lies with the l gislative agency acting within its statutory authority. But the Constitution fixes limits to the rate-making power by prohibiting the deprivation of property without due process of law or the taking of private property for public use without just compensation. When the Legislature acts directly, its action is subject to judicial scrutiny and determination in order to prevent the transgression of these limits of power. The Legislature cannot preclude that scrutiny or determination by any declaration or legislative finding. Legislative declaration or finding is necessarily subject to independent judicial review upon the facts and the law by courts of competent jurisdiction to the end that the Constitution as the supreme law of the land may be maintained. Nor can the Legislature escape the constitutional limitation by authorizing its agent to make findings that the agent has kept within that limitation. Legislative agencies, with varying qualifications, work in a field peculiarly exposed to political demands. Some may be expert and impartial, others subservient. It is not difficult for them to observe the requirements of law in giving a hearing and receiving evidence. But to say that their findings of fact may be made conclusive where constitutional rights of liberty and property are involved, although the evidence clearly establishes that the findings are wrong and constitutional rights have been invaded, is to place those rights at the mercy of administrative officials and seriously to impair the security inherent in our judicial safeguards. That prospect, with our multiplication of administrative agencies, is not one to be lightly regarded. It is said that we can retain judicial authority to examine the weight of evidence when the question concerns the right of personal liberty. But, if this be so, it is not because we are privileged to perform our judicial duty in that case and for reasons of convenience to disregard it in others. The principle applies when rights either of person or of property are protected by constitutional restrictions. Under our system there is no warrant for the view that the judicial power of a competent court can be circumscribed by any legislative arrangement designed to give effect to administrative action going beyond the lmits of constitutional authority. This is the purport of the decisions above cited with respect to the exercise of an independent judicial judgment upon the facts where confiscation is alleged. The question under the Packers and Stockyards Act is not different from that arising under any other act, and we see no reason why those decisions should be overruled. But this judicial duty to exercise an independent judgment does not require or justify disregard of the weight which may properly attach to findings upon hearing and evidence. On the contrary, the judicial duty is performed in the light of the proceedings already had and may be greatly facilitated by the assembling and analysis of the facts in the course of the legislative determination. Judicial judgment may be none the less appropriately independent because informed and aided by the sifting procedure of an expert legislative agency. Moreover, as the question is whether the legislative action has passed beyond the lowest limit of the permitted zone of reasonableness into the forbidden reaches of confiscation, judicial scrutiny must of necessity take into account the entire legislative process, including the reasoning and findings upon which the legislative action rests. We have said that 'in a question of rate-making there is a strong presumption in favor of the conclusions reached by an experienced administrative body after a full hearing.' Darnell v. Edwards, 244 U.S. 564, 569, 37 S.Ct. 701, 703, 61 L.Ed. 1317. The established principle which guides the court in the exercise of its judgment on the entire case is that the complaining party carries the burden of making a convincing showing and that the court will not interfere with the exercise of the rate-making power unless confiscation is clearly established. Los Angeles Gas & Electric Co. v. Railroad Commission, 289 U.S. 287, 305, 53 S.Ct. 637, 77 L.Ed. 1180; Lindheimer v. Illinois Bell Telephone Co., 292 U.S. 151, 169, 54 S.Ct. 658, 78 L.Ed. 1182; Dayton Power & Light Co. v. Public Utilities Commission, 292 U.S. 290, 298, 54 S.Ct. 647, 78 L.Ed. 1267. A cognate question was considered in Manufacturers' Railway Company v. United States, 246 U.S. 457, 470, 488—490, 38 S.Ct. 383, 392, 62 L.Ed. 831. There, appellees insisted that the finding of the Interstate Commerce Commission upon the subject of confiscation was conclusive, or at least that it was not subject to be attacked upon evidence not presented to the Commission. We did not sustain that contention. Nevertheless, we pointed out that correct practice required that 'in ordinary cases, and where the opportunity is open,' all the pertinent evidence should be submitted in the first instance to the Commission. The Court did not approve the course that was pursued in that case 'of withholding from the Commission essential portions of the evidence that is alleged to show the rate in question to be confiscatory.' And it was regarded as beyond debate that, where the Commission after full hearing had set aside a given rate as unreasonably high, it would require a 'clear case' to justify a court, 'upon evidence newly adduced but not in a proper sense newly discovered,' in annulling the action of the Commission upon the ground that the same rate was so unreasonably low as to deprive the carrier of its constitutional right of compensation. With that statement the Court turned to an examination of the evidence. The principle thus recognized with respect to the weight to be accorded to action by the Commission after full hearing applies a fortiori when the case is heard upon the record made before the Commission or, as in this case, upon the record made before the Secretary of Agriculture. It follows, in the application of this principle, that, as the ultimate determination whether or not rates are confiscatory ordinarily rests upon a variety of subordinate or primary findings of fact as to particular elements, such findings made by a legislative agency after hearing will not be disturbed save as in particular instances they are plainly shown to be overborne. As the District Court, despite its observations as to the scope of review, apparently did pass upon the evidence, making findings of its own and adopting findings of the Secretary, we do not think it necessary to remand the cause for further consideration, and we turn to the other questions presented by the appeal. Fourth. Valuation of Property, Income, Expenses, and Fair Return.—The Secretary found that the fair value of appellant's property, used and useful in its stockyards service, to be $2,743,000. The District Court made certain additions of land which the Secretary had excluded from his appraisal, arriving at a rate base of $2,752,964. The Secretary found 7 per cent. to be a reasonable rate of return, which would mean net earnings of $192,010 on his rate base, or $192,710 on that of the court below. The Secretary estimated that under the prescribed rates appellant's net income available for return upon its investment would be $195,564, or 7.13 per cent. on his valuation. Elaborate briefs have discussed a host of details in attacking and defending these estimates. While we have examined the evidence and appellant's contentions on each point, it is impracticable to attempt in this opinion to state more than our general conclusions. 1. Property Values.—For the purpose of demonstrating that its rates were not unreasonable prior to 1932, appellant state that it adopts the findings of the Secretary in his first decision as to the total value of its property. That value was then fixed at $3,382,148, to which appellant adds the value of certain additional land now found to be used and useful, $329,163, giving a total value, which appellant says is applicable to the years 1927—1931, of $3,711,311. But the first hearing was begun and concluded in December, 1929, and, while the order was not promulgated until July 20, 1931, it was predicated, as the District Court said in reviewing that order, upon the value of the property as of the year 1928 and the volume of business during that year. St. Joseph Stockyards Co. v. United States, 58 F.(2d) 290, at page 291. Appellant insisted in its bill of complaint in the first suit that the Secretary's denial of its request for reopening was arbitrary, as economic conditions had materially changed since 1928. The District Court, applying the principle of our decision in Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railway Co. v. United States, 284 U.S. 248, 52 S.Ct. 146, 76 L.Ed. 273, held that a rehearing should have been granted. 58 F.(2d) 290, at pages 296, 297. The Secretary then vacated his prior order and reopened the proceeding. There is no question of res judicata. Tagg Bros. & Moorhead v. United States, supra, 280 U.S. 420, at page 445, 50 S.Ct. 220, 74 L.Ed. 524. Compare Clark's Ferry Bridge Co. v. Public Service Commission, 291 U.S. 227, 233, 54 S.Ct. 427, 78 L.Ed. 767. Appellant could not obtain an examination of the changed conditions with respect to its income and outlays in the period after 1928 and at the same time insist that the change in values due to the depression should be ignored. Appellant provides the physical facilities for a market and renders various services in connection with livestock. It supplies office buildings, docks for loading and unloading, 'chute pens,' 'sales pens' and alleys, and the various appurtenances for the proper care of livestock that are essential to its service in warehousing. The property thus consists of land and various structures. Value of Land.—The Secretary found that of the land owned by appellant there were 4,410,361 square feet used and useful in its stockyards services. The District Court added 122,041 square feet. 11 F.Supp. 322, 336. Appellant complains, on this appeal, of the exclusion of the property known as the 'Transit House' and of the value assigned to the property which was included in the rate base. The 'Transit House' is a commercial hotel (occupying 15,805 square feet of land) with a limited patronage supplied by shippers and drivers of trucks. Appellant claims that the land and building are worth $120,143. Appellant points to the ruling of the Secretary in the first proceeding that the hotel should be considered a part of the used and useful propererty in the stockyards service. In his second decision, now under review, the Secretary found that the hotel was constructed many years ago when transportation facilities between the stockyard area and the 'main-uptown' area were limited; that at the time of the first hearing the hotel was leased for a rental of $1,200 a year, and that the business had not warranted an increase, as provided in the lease, up to the time of the second hearing; that the decadence of the property had resulted principally from the development of good roads and the use of motor vehicles and the street car system of the city of St. Joseph, as well as from the change in the method of marketing livestock. It did not appear that the hotel produced enough revenue to pay taxes, insurance, and upkeep, to saying nothing of a return on its alleged value, and it is plain that, if its value were to be included in the rate base, the effect would be to levy an annual charge upon the patrons of the yards, principally the original shippers, in order to maintain hotel facilities on a noncompensatory basis for the special benefit of the truck drivers and others who patronized it. The District Co rt held that it would have to be shown very clearly that the business of the yards would be materially affected by the absence of a near-by hotel before it could be said that its maintenance was so related to the stockyards business as to be properly included in fixing the rate for yard services. The court said that there was no such showing. We take the same view. The land found to be used and useful is divided into several zones. Appellant assigns error in valuation only in the case of Zone A, in which, however 70 per cent. of the used and useful land, or 3,003,973 square feet, is included. The Secretary valued this land at 16 cents per square foot, or at $480,635. Appellant contends that it is worth at least $275,164 more, which would be at the rate of about 25 cents a square foot. Expert witnesses for both parties testified at length. At the first hearing, in 1929, two witnesses for appellant valued the land in Zone A at 30 cents per square foot. The witness for the government valued it at 35 cents, predicated upon its particular value for stockyard use; otherwise at 20 cents. Before the second hearing, in 1933, two of these witnesses had died. The surviving witness for appellant again testified, giving a value, as of August, 1932, of 26 cents per square foot, and a second witness for appellant thought it worth 35 cents. The new witness for the government placed the value as of November, 1932, at $5,000 an acre, or about 11 1/2 cents per square foot. All the witnesses were highly qualified experts. Their valuations were of the naked land, without improvements. The three witnesses at the second hearing had collaborated in examining about 147 different transactions relating to property in the general vicinity, but they reached independent conclusions. The government's witness attached special weight to five sales, or groups of sales, made at different times from 1918 to 1930 at prices as low or lower than the valuation he fixed. Appellant points to other transfers at other locations at higher prices. Manifestly these transactions involved collateral inquiries, and in the end simply afforded information of varying significance to aid the forming of an expert judgment. Appellant recognizes the impracticability of attempting to analyze 'the rather involved transfers and locations in an attempt to determine the truth as between the land appraisers.' Accordingly, appellant seeks to demonstrate that the Secretary's finding is vitiated by what is asserted to be his reliance upon an erroneous analysis of a sale by appellant, in 1929, of the entire capital stock of a terminal belt railway company which served the stockyards and the adjacent industrial area. It is said that none of the expert witnesses based their appraisals upon that transaction. We think that appellant overestimates the relative weight given to it by the Secretary and fails to take proper account of the effect of its use. The Secretary found that the valuation by the government's witness at 11 1/2 cents per square foot was 'well supported by analysis of transactions in adjacent and similar lands,' but the Secretary thought that the witness had failed to give consideration to the belt railway sale. That led the Secretary to give a higher valuation than that of the government's witness. And on all the evidence the Secretary fixed the value at 16 cents per square foot which he said did not represent 'depression or stagnation value' but constituted 'the reasonable normal value of the land giving weight to values existing immediately preceding as well as those existing during the present depression.' The weight to be accorded to the testimony of the experts cannot be determined without understanding their approach to the question and the criteria which governed their estimates. The testimony of appellant's witnesses shows quite clearly that they proceeded, in part at least, upon an erroneous basis. The Packers and Stockyards Act treats the various stockyards of the country 'as great ational public utilities to promote the flow of commerce from the ranges and farms of the West to the consumers in the East.' It assumes that 'they conduct a business affected by a public use of a national character and subject to national regulation.' Stafford v. Wallace, supra, 258 U.S. 495, at page 516, 42 S.Ct. 397, 402, 66 L.Ed. 735, 23 A.L.R. 229. Appellant, conducting such a business, was entitled to be allowed in the fixing of its rates the fair market value of its land for all available uses and purposes, which would include any element of value that it might have by reason of special adaptation to particular uses. But it was not entitled to an increase over that fair market value by virtue of the public use. Minnesota Rate Cases (Simpson v. Shepard), 230 U.S. 352, 451, 455, 33 S.Ct. 729, 57 L.Ed. 1511, 48 L.R.A.(N.S.) 1151, Ann.Cas.1916A, 18; Clark's Ferry Bridge Co. v. Public Service Commission, supra,

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openjurist.org

67 F3d 699 Nicks v. State of Missouri 67 F3d 699 Nicks v. State of Missouri 67 F.3d 699 Sandra NICKS, Appellee,v.STATE OF MISSOURI; Bellefontaine Habilitation Center;Keith Schafer, Individually and in his officialcapacities; Gregory Kramer,Individually and in hisofficial capacities;Defendants,Margaret Kesselring, Individually and in her officialcapacities; Sherris McMahan, Individually and inher official capacities; Kay Karras,Individually and in herofficial capacities,Appellants. United States Court of Appeals,Eighth Circuit. Submitted June 16, 1995.Decided Oct. 12, 1995. Karen King Mitchell, Chief Counsel Governmental Affairs Division, Attorney General's Office, Jefferson City, Missouri, argued, for appellant. Mary Anne Sedey, St. Louis, Missouri, argued, for appellee. Before BOWMAN and HEANEY, Circuit Judges, and KYLE,* District Judge. BOWMAN, Circuit Judge. Kay Karras, Margaret Kesselring, and Sherris McMahan appeal the judgment of the District Court1 awarding damages to Sandra Nicks on her sexual harassment claims under 42 U.S.C. Sec. 1983 (1988). We affirm. The evidence submitted to the jury in this case, viewed in the light most favorable to the jury's verdict, showed that Nicks was sexually harassed by Robert Little, a co-worker, from 1987 to 1989 while she was employed as a psychologist at the Bellefontaine Habilitation Center (BHC), a state-run mental health facility. BHC consists of office buildings and group homes occupied by patients in a setting that resembles a college campus. Little was a qualified mental retardation professional assigned to a group home in BHC's Unit I; Nicks was never assigned to work in that group home. Little's unwanted attention included, but was not limited to, purposeless visits, some of several hours' duration, to the office Nicks shared with Karras; Little's attempts to discuss his personal and marital problems with Nicks; statements of Little's desire to have a relationship with her; quests through the parking lot for her car; and attempts to follow her around at work. The evidence of Little's harassing behavior is substantial. Nicks testified that she reported Little's conduct to her immediate supervisor, defendant Kay Karras, in the fall of 1988, and Karras corroborated Nicks's testimony. Rather than taking action to correct Little's job-related conduct, Karras suggested that Nicks work at one of BHC's group homes when Nicks's schedule required her to work alone after regular business hours. Little, however, followed Nicks to the group homes and continued to demonstrate his unwelcome interest in her. Nicks again reported Little's conduct to Karras, who did nothing. Nicks twice reported Little's conduct to Little's immediate supervisor, Ron Gerhardt, who also did nothing. Nicks and other BHC employees requested a meeting with defendant Sherris McMahan, manager of BHC's Unit I, to discuss Little's conduct. Nicks and other employees reported that Little was following Nicks around the campus and pursuing her during both day and night shifts. They also stated that Little's behavior was getting progressively worse. McMahan refused to act, stating that BHC could not do anything until Little "did something" to Nicks. Tr. vol. IV at 13. Karras testified that she reported on the concerns raised at the meeting to defendant Margaret Kesselring, BHC's personnel director. Nicks also called Kesselring to schedule a meeting regarding Little's behavior. Kesselring, however, told Nicks that "it's irrelevant," Tr. vol. III at 91, 92, and took no action against Little even though BHC's disciplinary procedures provided for sanctions ranging from counseling to discharge. In fact, when Little resigned in October 1989, Kesselring recorded that he was an employee in good standing, which made him eligible for reemployment at BHC. On March 2, 1989, Nicks requested a 30-day sick leave, which was denied by BHC despite the fact that Nicks's treating psychologist and psychiatrist both recommended a medical leave. Nicks did not report for work, and BHC dismissed her effective April 18, 1989. Nicks appealed her dismissal to the Personnel Advisory Board (PAB), which reinstated Nicks with back pay and attorney fees. On February 7, 1991, the decision and order of the Board was affirmed by the Circuit Court of St. Louis County. During Nicks's absence from BHC, however, Little was not idle. He visited her apartment complex, posing as a concerned co-worker, and convinced the apartment manager to let him into Nicks's apartment. He telephoned Nicks at her apartment several times daily, calling back when Nicks would hang up on him. He sent a long personal note professing his "love" for Nicks in a package disguised to look as if it had been sent by a St. Louis University professor. He left notes for her at St. Louis University, where she was taking graduate courses, and, on one occasion, he left a single red rose and a note for Nicks at the psychology department office. This behavior continued through August 1989. During all of this time, Little was still employed by BHC, and the evidence shows that the individual defendants were aware of Little's continuing harassment of Nicks. During the period between her dismissal and her reinstatement, Nicks instituted workers' compensation proceedings and received compensation for a permanent partial disability resulting from the emotional stress caused by Little's harassment. On August 17, 1990, she also filed this action in federal district court for damages and injunctive relief. The District Court disposed of several counts of her complaint in pre-trial rulings. At trial, Nicks's Sec. 1983 claims against Karras, Kesselring, and McMahan were submitted to the jury while her Title VII claims for injunctive relief against the State of Missouri and BHC were submitted to the court. The jury found in favor of Nicks on her Sec. 1983 claims and awarded $70,000 in compensatory damages for mental anguish and suffering and $4,500 in punitive damages against Karras, Kesselring, and McMahan. The court found Missouri and BHC liable for violating Nicks's Title VII rights and granted injunctive relief, requiring BHC to circulate its sexual harassment policy and to conduct training on this topic. Missouri and BHC have not appealed from the court's judgment. The individual defendants, however, appeal from the judgment entered on the jury's verdict and from the court's denial of their motion for judgment as a matter of law or for a new trial. They argue that (1) evidence of Little's continuing harassment of Nicks after she was no longer employed by BHC should have been excluded because it is irrelevan

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openjurist.org

» 18 November (Tue), p. 7 The Gateway, November 18, 2003

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peel.library.ualberta.ca

Researchers discover key mutation in acute myeloid leukemia Nov 11, 2010 Enlarge These are acute myeloid leukemia cells. Credit: Washington University Researchers have discovered mutations in a particular gene that affects the treatment prognosis for some patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML), an aggressive blood cancer that kills 9,000 Americans annually. The scientists report their results in the Nov. 11, 2010, on-line issue of The New England Journal of Medicine. The Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis team initially discovered a mutation by completely sequencing the genome of a single AML patient. They then used targeted DNA sequencing on nearly 300 additional AML patient samples to confirm that mutations discovered in one gene correlated with the disease. Although genetic changes previously were found in AML, this work shows that newly discovered mutations in a single gene, called DNA methyltransferase 3A or DNMT3A, appear responsible for treatment failure in a significant number of AML patients. The finding should prove rapidly useful in treating patients and which may provide a molecular target against which to develop new drugs. "This is a wonderful example of the ability of the unbiased application of whole-genome, DNA sequencing to discover a frequently mutated gene in cancer that was previously unknown to be correlated with prognosis," said Eric D. Green, M.D., Ph.D., director of the National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), a part of the National Institutes of Health, which co-funded this study. "This may quickly lead to a change in medical care because physicians may now screen for these mutations in patients and adjust their treatment accordingly." The study was carried out by researchers from the Washington University Genome Center and the Siteman Cancer Center at Barnes-Jewish Hospital and Washington University School of Medicine. In the study, the researchers found DNMT3A mutations in 21 percent of all AML patients studied and in 34 percent of the patients classified as having an intermediate risk of treatment failure based on widely used laboratory tests of their leukemia cells. More than half of AML patients are classified as having an intermediate risk and are then typically treated with standard chemotherapy. For patients with the DNMT3A mutation, however, chemotherapy may not be the best first treatment. "We have not had a reliable way to predict which of these patients will respond to the standard treatment," said lead author and hematologist Timothy Ley, M.D., the Lewis T. and Rosalind B. Apple Professor of Medicine at Washington University School of Medicine. "In the cases we studied, mutations in the DNMT3A gene trump everything else we've found so far to predict adverse outcomes in intermediate-risk AML." This video is not supported by your browser at this time. Researchers at Washington University in St. Louis have identified mutations in a single gene that are associated with a poor prognosis for patients with acute myeloid leukemia. The discovery suggests that a test for mutations in the gene could identify patients who need more aggressive therapy early on. Credit: Washington University in St. Louis Patients with the mutation survived for a median of just over a year, compared to median survival of nearly 3.5 years among those without the mutation. "Based on what we found, if a patient has a DNMT3A mutation, it looks like you're going to want to treat very aggressively, perhaps go straight to bone marrow transplantation or a more intensive chemotherapy regimen," says senior author Richard K. Wilson, Ph.D., director of Washington University's Genome Center. As part of the new research, the investigators looked to see which treatments the patients received and how they fared. Those with DNMT3A mutations treated with bone marrow transplants lived longer than those who received only chemotherapy, but the Washington University investigators caution that the sample size was small and follow-up studies will be needed to confirm these initial findings. "This discovery is a clear example of the power of comprehensive analysis of cancer genomes," said Francis S. Collins, M.D., Ph.D., director of the National Institutes of Health. "By using high-throughput DNA sequencing, researchers will be able to discover all of the common genetic changes that contribute to cancer. With that knowledge, a growing list of targeted treatments will be developed, based on a firm biological understanding of the disease." Launched in 2006 as a partnership between the National Cancer Institute and the National Human Genome Research Institute, both NIH components, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has developed a comprehensive strategy for comparing the genome of cancer cells to the genome of normal cells from the same patient. This allows the identification of genetic changes that cause the uncontrolled growth of a cancer cell. TCGA also biologically characterizes the tumors in several other ways. Together, the TCGA data can be linked to clinical data to help researchers understand the characteristics of the tumor being studied. The project plans to analyze up to 500 patient samples of tumor and normal tissue in 20 major types of cancer over the next five years. "Cancer is a genetic disease," said NCI Director Harold Varmus, M.D. "Every discovery teaches us more and more about the many ways genes can be deranged in a tumor cell to make it grow out of control. While we generally describe some 200 types of cancer based on where they originate in the body, genetics may show us that there are thousands of different types, each requiring different treatments. Fortunately, we are now acquiring the tools we need to understand them and to make important progress." Washington University is a TCGA participant and has pioneered the use of comprehensive, genome-wide approaches to study cancer. Although the AML study just reported was not part of TCGA, the Washington University team has donated nearly 200 AML samples for comprehensive genomic analysis to the TCGA program. The AML results and all TCGA analyses can be found at its data portal, http://cancergenome.nih.gov/dataportal, which provides direct access to the genomic analytic datasets, with selected patient genetic and clinical data limited to researchers qualified through an NIH review and approval process designed to safeguard participant privacy. "This work represents the culmination of years of collaborative research that has focused on cataloging the mutations involved in AML," says co-author John Dipersio, M.D., Ph.D., chief of the division of oncology and deputy director of the Siteman Cancer Center. "This work provides a pathway and a foundation for doing the same in all other malignancies that could potentially lead to more effective, targeted therapies. AML is a cancer of the blood. Like most cancers, it develops from mutations that occur in cells over the course of many years during a person's life and not from inherited genetic errors present at birth. AML strikes some 13,000 Americans annually, killing 9,000. The disease occurs most often in adults and becomes more difficult to treat as patients age. The five-year survival rate for adults with AML is about 20 percent. Provided by National Institutes of Health Decoding leukemia patient genome leads scientists to mutations in other patients Decoding the complete DNA of cancer patients is giving scientists at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis a clearer picture of the complexity of the disease and allowing them to see intriguing and unexpected ... Comprehensive look at rare leukemia finds relatively few genetic changes launch disease The most comprehensive analysis yet of the genome of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) found only a few mistakes in the genetic blueprint, suggesting the cancer arises from just a handful of missteps, according to new ... Gene mutation improves leukemia drug's effect Gene mutations that make cells cancerous can sometimes also make them more sensitive to chemotherapy. A new study led by cancer researchers at Ohio State University shows that a mutation present in some cases of acute leukemia ... Researchers find genetic link to leukemias with an unknown origin Although leukemia is one of the best studied cancers, the cause of some types is still poorly understood. Now, a newly found mutation in acute myeloid leukemia patients could account for half of the remaining ... Researchers discover genetic differences between lethal and treatable forms of leukemia A tumor's genetic profile is often useful when diagnosing and deciding on treatment for certain cancers, but inexplicably, genetically similar leukemias in different patients do not always respond well to the same therapy. ... New research strategy for understanding drug resistance in leukemia UCSF researchers have developed a new approach to identify specific genes that influence how cancer cells respond to drugs and how they become resistant. This strategy, which involves producing diverse genetic mutations that ...

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phys.org

Global ecommerce sales topped $1 tn in 2012 Feb 05, 2013 Enlarge A woman uses an iPad to shop online in Sydney on July 29, 2011. Global Internet retail sales topped $1 trillion for the first time in 2012 with the United States holding the top spot but China rising fast, a market research firm said Tuesday. Global Internet retail sales topped $1 trillion for the first time in 2012 with the United States holding the top spot but China rising fast, a market research firm said Tuesday. The report by eMarketer said ecommerce consumer sales grew 21.1 percent to just over $1 trillion, and are expected to grow another 18.3 percent in 2013, fueled by strong growth in Asia. The research firm said North America remained the top region for ecommerce in 2012 with $364 billion in sales, up 13.9 percent. But for 2013, the Asia-Pacific region is likely to be number one with 30 percent growth, which would bring the market to $433 billion, eMarketer said. US ecommerce sales for 2012 were estimated at $343 billion, with Japan in second place at $127 billion, followed by Britain ($124 billion) and China ($110 billion). But China was projected to vault into second place with 65 percent growth in 2013 to $181 billion. The US will remain the top market but growth will slow to 12 percent, for a total of $384 billion. "Average spending per user is lower in China—set to reach just $670 this year," eMarketer said in a statement. "But the sheer growth in China's digital buyers is staggering. The country will nearly double the number of people who buy goods online between 2012 and 2016." The data used by eMarketer includes retail sales, travel sales, digital downloads purchased via any digital channel but excludes gambling and event tickets. Explore further: Twitter buys data analytics partner Gnip Mobile ad spending up 62%, US tops Japan: survey Mobile online advertising spending is expected to jump 62 percent worldwide in 2012, with the United States overtaking Japan as the top market, a research firm said Wednesday. Google becomes online advertising king: study Google has become the US market leader in online display ads, and now leads all categories for Internet advertising including search and mobile, a market research firm said Wednesday. New Facebook, Twitter ads boost mobile revenues New ad products from Facebook and Twitter have given US mobile advertising a boost, bringing revenues for the sector to more than $4 billion this year, a research firm said Monday. Tablets to push US electronic sales above $200 bn US consumer electronic sales are expected to top $200 billion for the first time this year, propelled by strong growth in tablet computers, an industry group said Tuesday Online US holiday sales seen growing 17 percent US online holiday sales are already on the rise, and are expected to grow 17 percent from last year to $43.4 billion, a new forecast said Wednesday. Online sales in China up 66% year-on-year: report Online sales in China in 2011 grew 66 percent from the previous year, with turnover totalling 780 billion yuan ($125 billion), according to a report cited by state news agency Xinhua Thursday.

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phys.org

Computer scientist to 'unroll' papyrus scrolls buried by Vesuvius May 24th, 2009 in Technology / Computer Sciences On Aug. 24, 79 A.D., Italy's Mount Vesuvius exploded, burying the Roman towns of Herculaneum and Pompeii under tons of super-heated ash, rock and debris in one of the most famous volcanic eruptions in history. Thousands died. But somehow, hundreds of papyrus scrolls survived -- sort of -- in a villa at Herculaneum thought to have been owned at one time by Julius Caesar's father-in-law. The scrolls contained ancient philosophical and learned writings. But they were so badly damaged -- literally turned to carbon by the volcanic heat -- that they crumbled when scholars first tried to open them centuries later. The remaining scrolls, stored away in Italy and France, haven't been read -- or even unrolled -- since 79 AD. Now, a computer scientist from the University of Kentucky hopes that modern digital technology will allow him to peer inside two of the fragile scrolls -- without physically opening them -- and unlock secrets they have held for almost 2,000 years. Brent Seales, the Gill professor of engineering in UK's computer science department, will use an X-Ray CT scanning system to collect interior images of the scrolls' rolled-up pages. Then, he and his colleagues hope to digitally "unroll" the scrolls on a computer screen so scholars can read them. "It will be a challenge because today these things look more like charcoal briquets than scrolls," Seales said. "But we're using a non-invasive scanning system, based on medical technology, that lets you slice through an object and develop a three-dimensional data set without having to open it, just as you would do a CT scan on a human body." The two scrolls that Seales and his team will work on are stored at the French National Academy in Paris. The UK group will spend July working there. Their system was developed at UK through the EDUCE project, or Enhanced Digital Unwrapping for Conservation and Exploration, which Seales launched through a grant from the National Science Foundation. Experts say that if the UK system works as well as hoped, it could provide a safe new way to decipher and preserve more scrolls from Herculaneum, as well as other ancient books, manuscripts and documents that are too fragile to be opened. "No one has yet really figured out a way to open them," says Roger Macfarlane, a professor of classics at Brigham Young University who also has worked on scrolls from Herculaneum. "If Brent is successful it would be a huge, potentially monumental step forward." Seales admits that there are hurdles, the biggest being the carbon-based ink thought to have been used on the scrolls. He says that since the papyrus in the scrolls was turned to carbon by the fury of Vesuvius, it might be impossible to visually separate the writing from the pages, even with powerful computer programs. "The open question is, will we be able to read the writing?" Seales said. "There is a chance that we won't be able to do it with our current machine, and that we'll have to re-engineer some things. But if that's the case, that's what we will do." Seales, who is from Buffalo, N.Y., grew up with two passions: computers and the humanities. His double major in undergraduate school was computer science and violin. While working on computer imaging in graduate school, Seales became interested in how that technology might be used to digitally preserve old manuscripts and documents. By the early 1990s, he was developing systems to read old records that were crumpled and wrinkled with age. As a result, he joined an international computer team that digitized the oldest known complete text of Homer's Iliad, which is stored in Venice, Italy. The project, ultimately completed at UK's Center for Visualization and Virtual Environments, produced new digital images, bringing to life sections of the text from the 10th century B.C. that previously were little more than ink smudges. Developing a method to virtually unroll and copy ancient documents too delicate for normal handling was the next step. This is the system that Seales and his colleagues will use on the Herculaneum scrolls. If it works, what will they find? The best guess is that the scrolls contain writings by Philodemus, a Roman writer and Epicurean philosopher born about 110 B.C. Philodemus is not considered a classical thinker of the first rank, but he was a contemporary of Cicero. He taught Virgil and is thought to have influenced the Roman poet Horace. Philodemus also was a friend of Lucius Calpurnius Piso -- the father-in-law of Julius Caesar -- who at one time owned that luxurious villa at Herculaneum. The mansion had passed to other hands, however, when it and Herculaneum were buried during the eruption of 79 A.D. Afterward, Herculaneum lay hidden for 1,600 years, until excavators stumbled upon it in 1709. The villa itself was not uncovered until the mid-1700s. Inside its library, investigators found what they first thought to be lumps of coal but that turned out to be papyrus scrolls -- about 1,800 in all -- fused into blackened cylinders by furious volcanic heat. The building became known as the Villa of the Papyri. According to Seales, the scrolls did not burn because the building so was completely encased in ash and lava that no oxygen was available to feed any flames. Ironically, experts say that the papyrus, made of plant material, almost certainly would have decomposed over the last 2,000 years had it not been sealed in what amounted to an airtight vault. What survived was incredibly fragile. Many scrolls simply crumbled when early researchers tried to open them. A Vatican priest eventually developed a way of opening a few scrolls, but it was slow and produced mixed results. Most were never unrolled. The majority of the scrolls ultimately went to a library in Naples. But Napoleon had several shipped to France when he took over Italy after 1800. Among these scrolls are the two that the UK team plans to investigate. Seales describes the process as resembling a "virtual colonoscopy," a medical test for colon cancer. "In a colonoscopy, you're interested in whether there's cancerous activity on the wall of the colon," he said. "So you can imagine locating that in a scan, then flattening it out and manipulating it to see what you can see. We'll be doing a similar sort of thing." According to Seales, many experimental scans probably will be necessary, plus much additional computer work afterward, to produce clear images. Members of the UK group won't touch the fragile materials. All handling will be done by conservators at the French National Academy. Macfarlane, the Brigham Young University scholar, predicted that if Seales' team is successful, other Herculaneum scrolls probably also will be made available for scanning. Those could contain works by other ancient writers, more important than Philodemus, perhaps by Epicurus, who founded one of the major philosophies of ancient Greece, Macfarlane said. "If Brent does unlock the door to reading these scrolls that are still hiding text, there will be a lot of excitement," he said. Seales sees other potential applications for the system, including deciphering otherwise unreadable written materials for homeland security purposes. But, he also admits that there are other ancient tests he'd like to examine. "There are pieces of the Dead Sea scrolls that still haven't been opened yet," he said. "I've talked with some members of teams that work with those materials, and I'd love to see what more we could wring out of them. "I guess I just like solving mysteries." (c) 2009, Lexington Herald-Leader (Lexington, Ky.). Visit the World Wide Web site of the Herald-Leader at http://www.kentucky.com/ Distributed by McClatchy-Tribune Information Services. "Computer scientist to 'unroll' papyrus scrolls buried by Vesuvius." May 24th, 2009. http://phys.org/news162397576.html

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phys.org

Rutgers expert says Mayans never forecast Dec 21st apocalypse December 17th, 2012 in Other Sciences / Other Enlarge Twelve percent of Americans believe the world will end on December 21. Twelve percent of Americans believe the world will end on December 21. December 21st may not be the end of the world as we know it, but if next week's predicted apocalypse falls through, America's many doomsday prophets will invariably choose a new date, says Stuart Charme, a Rutgers-Camden professor of religion. The basis for the latest End Times date is the Mayan calendar, which stops on 12/21/2012. Although the Mayans themselves didn't really forecast an apocalypse, explains Charme, some have interpreted the date to be a sign that life on Earth will be snuffed out next Friday. Scenarios of the world's end have a strong tradition in United States. From the Book of Revelation to the present day explosion of zombie films and TV shows, apocalyptic thinking has always been with us. According to polls, at least 40 percent of Americans believe Jesus will return to Earth by 2050. Twelve percent believe the Mayan calendar is correct and the world will end on December 21, says Charme, who teaches a class called "End of the World.'' Although it's easy for skeptics to dismiss the predictions as crackpot theories, Charme says they're not all that outrageous. "Just because some people have some unrealistic ideas shouldn't distract us from the fact that there are challenges that humanity is going to have to confront. Whether it's climate change or fossil fuel running out or the world's population straining resources, humans are going to have to change their attitudes and behavior." Rutgers Today: Why is there such a focus on the Mayan calendar as signifying the end of the world? Charme: The Mayan theory has been percolating in New Age spiritual circles for at least five years, combining ideas about the world's end with the expectation of some huge transformation of human consciousness. There's a feeling that ancient cultures had insights and wisdom that we don't have. People who believe this think there's a possibility that a sudden reversal of the magnetic poles of the world or the alignment of the earth, the sun and the center of the galaxy on the winter solstice will have catastrophic consequences. This isn't really something the Mayans would have expected. I think they had a sense that the earth goes through different cycles and where the calendar ends is just the end of one cycle and the beginning of another. There wasn't this notion of cataclysmic destruction. They had every expectation that history was going to continue. Rutgers Today: How does the Biblical account of the End Times differ from the December 21 model? Charme: The Book of Revelation predicts there will be a cosmic battle between the forces of good and evil. Some believe that before this happens true believers will be lifted up from Earth into some kind of heaven. This is known as "the Rapture." Then there will be great tribulation – storms, floods, earthquakes, disease. Everything will culminate in a final battle between the forces of the anti-Christ, often symbolized as a beast and the forces of God led by Jesus. Rutgers Today: How is the idea of the apocalypse manifested in pop culture? Charme: Zombies have really taken the place of the kind of mutant monsters, like Godzilla and giant ants, which first showed up in the '50s and '60s in apocalyptic movies. It's not very hard to determine that they were symbolic of a whole variety of threats, from radiation to nuclear annihilation and societal collapse. Today, zombies appear in a post-apocalyptic world where the institutions of society have collapsed and we are all reduced to a base level of survival. The causes of zombies are often envisioned as a virus produced by corporate, scientific or government projects gone wrong. We see that the major pillars of society can't be trusted. It's very conspiratorial. But on a simpler level, zombies are also images of mutilated, dying bodies that may reflect fears of terrorism and other threats. Rutgers Today: When the world doesn't end on the designated day, what's the response of people who believed those predictions? Charme: There are usually a couple of strategies: One is to recalculate the date or reframe what the end of the world really means—that the date was really the beginning of a new transformation and not literally the end of the world or that the earth was spared because of the prayers of devout people. Very low on the list is to decide that focusing on the end of the world is foolish and you shouldn't put any more energy into it. Rutgers Today: What are your plans on December 21? Charme: I'm having some students who were in the graduate version of my class come over to my house for an end of the world party. I don't know exactly what we'll do. I'm not sure what end of the world activities would really look like. One of my students recommended that we play Twister. Maybe . . .Provided by Rutgers University "Rutgers expert says Mayans never forecast Dec 21st apocalypse." December 17th, 2012. http://phys.org/news/2012-12-rutgers-expert-mayans-dec-21st.html

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phys.org

« Pajama Boy Jewish According to… Marx? Father of the Canadian Flag Dies, Aged 96 » I Agree With Camille Paglia on This Kind of Family Planning for Teens It's not that we want to limit a girl's choices; rather, we want to help her realistically envision what her future might look like under various scenarios as a result of life choices she makes as a teenager. byPaula Bolyard Page 1 of 3 Next -> View as Single Page Tweet Camille Paglia gave a wide-ranging interview to the Wall Street Journal last week, covering everything from diminished respect for the military to radical feminism as a threat to all of Western civilization. Paglia, a liberal feminist and lesbian who voted for Obama and excels at destroying sacred cows, said that “our culture doesn’t allow women to know how to be womanly” and falsely promises them that they can “have it all.” Paglia also broached a topic that’s not discussed nearly enough, even in conservative circles. Saying that sex education classes focus too much on mechanics, she said that girls should be taught to consider how vocational decisions they make as teens can impact their futures: I want every 14-year-old girl . . . to be told: You better start thinking what do you want in life. If you just want a career and no children you don’t have much to worry about. If, however, you are thinking you’d like to have children some day you should start thinking about when do you want to have them. Early or late? To have them early means you are going to make a career sacrifice, but you’re going to have more energy and less risks. Both the pros and the cons should be presented. In our “have it all” culture, young people — young women in particular — are told to go to college, have a career, and then, perhaps somewhere way off in the future, get married and have kids. But no one really explains to young women about the requisite costs and trade-offs along the way. If a girl thinks she would like to have a family and children some day, it’s essential for her to consider how and when that might happen and whether that goal conflicts with other plans she has for her future. Despite the stereotypes fed to us by Hollywood, for most families, babies do not just pop out into designer 5-bedroom homes with live-in nannies. A 17-year-old girl may not want to think about such mundane things as child care when she is dreaming about a glamorous career as a CSI investigator, but better to consider them at age 17 than to have reality come crashing in later when she has less flexibility to make career-related decisions. Unfortunately, this kind of “family planning” is not only absent from most sex education classes, but it’s also rarely mentioned in career and vocational planning for teens. Continued on Next Page ->Page 1 of 3 Next -> View as Single Page Tweet Related Stories at PJ Media An Open Letter to Grandparents of Homeschooled Kids Dare You Not to Cry: Autistic Football Player ‘Big Mike’ Runs for a 31-Yard Touchdown Ohio Lawmakers Want Social Workers to Have Veto Power Over Decision to Homeschool Neal Boortz Unloads on Social Conservatives on Sean Hannity’s Radio Show Camille Paglia: ‘What You’re Seeing is How a Civilization Commits Suicide…’ Boys also need to be taught about divorce--if they get married, the wife can divorce him for any reason, and be entitled to half his assets and most of his paycheck for the next 20 years or so. They should also understand that the divorce rate is around 50% now. Girls need to understand that this is a reason why it might be very difficult for them to find a man willing to marry them, or at least a man with good earning potential. Monster from the Id "...having babies and then throwing them on the tender mercies of the community as wards of the state is not an acceptable option."Unfortunately, this is now SOP. It's called "school." The only career planning advice I got from school or the culture at large was "You can be anything you want to be!" It took me a few years to learn that that was a crock of s**t. On the other hand my father, a military chap who possibly knew less about "real life" than any civilian, insisted that there are no choices - you just do what you have to do. That wasn't especially helpful, either.The truth, as it turns out, was somewhere in between these two extremes.I could have used the sort of educator or parent Paglia envisions - someone who's "been there" and can tell you what to expect. What's it like to *really* be a business person or a firefighter - or a working mother?It occurs to me, though, that many - if not most - young women today probably have working mothers. Whatever those mothers were like when they started having children, fourteen years later they should have plenty of advice to give their daughters.So it seems like the problem, if there is one, is still the culture. Specifically, the liberal, non-grown-up culture that teaches us that everyone can have everything - that, in fact, everyone DESERVES everything just for showing up. gypciz We had a class in high school (I didn't take it) called "Family Life". It taught that with children comes great responsibility. It filled in the gap left by the sex ed classes focus on "mechanics". However, there was nothing covered on career "options". 11 weeks ago A Ruckus of Dogs What needs to be taught, in no uncertain terms, is that childbearing MUST be delayed until one is married and has an income. Insist that to do otherwise is irresponsible, selfish, and destructive to the child and the society. It's long past time we got judgmental about reckless breeding. AMEN!! I did not have children at all because it occurred to me that to do so was just "for me" & NOT in the best interest of any child I might bear as a single woman. I met "Mr. Right" in my 50's & married him (1st, last & only marriage) at 57. Hubby & I agreed that we would have had children if we had met much earlier in life. Some things in life have to be sacrificed (like me having children) in order to "do the right thing". 11 weeks ago Mike East Bay Duh... Of course these things should be taught, to boys and girls. But isn't this the job of parents? Along with handling half of a classroom that doesn't speak English, a third of the boys on prescribed Ritalin, and the rest of the students on drugs, booze, or a cellphone, we're going to dump this into the laps of teachers who are either overworked or mentally challenged themselves, or who are hard leftists who would wail "academic freedom" and refuse to teach it anyway. Education begins at home. 14 weeks ago M. Report 'Career and family planning as if children mattered.' What a concept !'If you want to make God laugh, make a plan.' particularly with HardTimes coming soon, and technological change proceeding at a pacewhich makes it impossible to plan even twenty years ahead.If one plans on raising a family, move to Texas, settle in a medium-sized city(~100k) in a conservative, middle-class neighborhood. Make friends. Excellent! My only quibble is "twenty years" regarding technological change. In all seriousness, it is more like 14 months. RyDaddy I hate that "50% of marriages end in divorce" statistic that gets thrown around so much. It is horribly misleading and leads to a bad view of marriage. It is achieved by summing ALL marriages, when in reality:~30% of first marriages end in divorce.~40% of second marriages end in divorce.~50% of third marriages end in divorce.~70% of 4th marriages end in divorce.~85% of 5th marriages end in divorceFrom there the numbers get really sad: you are 95% likely to get divorced in its your 6th marriage or more.18-year-olds need to understand THAT when making their life plans. :) "~30% of first marriages end in divorce."And most of those shacked up together before marriage. Those that didn't? I don't have the figure handy, but it's a lot lower. You'd think that by the 3rd or 4th marriage these people would realize being single isn't bad & has a much higher success rate. 11 weeks ago lzzrdgrrl Also what should also be made clear is that having babies and then throwing them on the tender mercies of the community as wards of the state is not an acceptable option. Not if you wish to be regarded as anything like an acceptable human being. Excoriate underclass tendencies vigourously and up front. If the usual suspects complain, crush them even harder - the life of the world and civilisation depends upon it. Melt their faces off....'>......... Agreed that 'education' is a flimsy construction to justify this, same with 'employment'. Both of these conditions are to be back-filled by a solicitous and rather apologetic, errm...... 'infrastructure'; but never EVER to be contemplated prior to the occurrence. That would require planning and a degree of self-denial, and it's oppressive and unjust to ask that.....'>>.... Skeptical Thinker Agree with the substance but why is this the school's job? It is the parents' job to do things like this. 15 weeks ago Paula Bolyard A agree wholeheartedly that it's the parents' job! 15 weeks ago It's everybody's job. The village, the clan and the heads of household. We're all in this together, that's what culture and civilisation is.....;>.......

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/547

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pjmedia.com

Obama to send U.S. ambassador back to SyriaPosted byCNN State Department Producer Elise Labott Syrian President Bashar al-Assad, left, welcomes U.S. envoy George Mitchell in Damascus on June 13. WASHINGTON (CNN) - President Barack Obama has decided to send a U.S. ambassador back to Syria, a dramatic sign of reconciliation between the two countries, the State Department announced Wednesday. State Department Spokesman Ian Kelly told reporters the Syrian government was notified of the decision Tuesday evening. "We're prepared to move forward with Syria to advance our interests through direct and continuing dialogue, " Kelly said. "We continue to have concerns about Syria's role in this region, and we think one way to address those concerns is to have an ambassador in Damascus." Kelly said the decision "reflects the administration's recognition of the important role Syria plays in the region." "We hope that they will continue to play such a constructive role to promote peace and stability in the region," Kelly said. Publicly officials say the decision, which was reported by CNN Tuesday, was not in any way related to the election crisis in Iran, although the Obama administration has maintained engaging the Syrian regime could weaken Syria's strategic alliance with Iran. "The timing is interesting," one senior State Department official acknowledged. "It's all part of the chess game." Syrian Ambassador to the United States Imad Moustapha said his country had not formally been notified of the decision, but told CNN if this is true it reflects the genuine desire by the United States of America to correct the past efforts of the Bush administration and engage Syria. It's good for the United States, it's good for Syria and it's good for the region, Moustapha said. Senior administration officials say Obama has not chosen an individual to serve as ambassador. Once he does, the name must go through an informal vetting process with the Syrians before the president's choice is nominated and confirmed. The United States withdrew its ambassador from Syria four years ago in protest at the assassination of former Lebanese Prime Minister Rafik Hariri. Washington accuses Syria of being behind the killing of the popular statesman in a massive bombing that also left 22 others dead. Syria denies it, but an ongoing United Nations investigation has found indications of Syrian involvement. A charge d'affaires has been the highest-level American diplomat in Damascus since 2005. In anticipation of sending an ambassador back to Syria, Assistant Secretary of State for Diplomatic Security Eric Boswell recently traveled to Syria to examine the security situation there. The United States also is interested in building a new embassy in Damascus. The decision comes on the heels of a visit two weeks ago by Mideast peace envoy George Mitchell to Syria, where he said he had "serious and productive discussions" with Syrian President Bashar al-Assad about President Obama's goal of a "comprehensive peace," which includes peace between Israel and Syria, and Israel and Lebanon. "We intend to pursue this as vigorously as possible," Mitchell said. The visit was part of a series of actions between the two sides that could pave the way for dramatically improved ties. Last week U.S. Gen. Ray Odierno, commander of U.S. forces in Iraq, told reporters that "Syria has been taking some action" to stop the flow of foreign fighters into Iraq. Jeffrey Feltman - an assistant secretary of state who is the department's top official on the Middle East - and National Security Council official Daniel Shapiro traveled to Damascus twice in recent months in an effort to improve ties with Syria. The talks, which have been the start of more regular contacts between Washington and Damascus through normal diplomatic channels, focused in part on getting Syria to seal its border with Iraq. Washington has criticized Damascus for turning a blind eye to foreign fighters traveling through Syria into Iraq. Mitchell's recent visit took place on the heels of President Obama's Cairo speech to the Muslim world, where he pledged to pursue a broad-based, comprehensive peace agreement in the region While Mitchell was in the region, Syria also hosted a delegation of U.S. military commanders in Damascus to discuss joint efforts to stem the insurgency in Iraq. "All of theses talks, the quality of the discussion and the level of engagement has been unprecedented, at least for the last eight years," Moustapha said The United States also wants Syrian support in achieving a comprehensive Arab-Israeli peace, and appears willing to nurture indirect peace talks between Syria and Israel, which began last year, over the disputed Golan Heights. Those talks were suspended after Israel's three-week offensive in the Gaza Strip that ended in mid-January. Damascus wants the United States to become involved if the talks resume. And the U.S. is interested in getting Damascus to use its influence with Hamas, which Syria views as a legitimate resistance movement and whose leaders take refuge in Syria. Filed under: President Obama that way a prince can burn him and drive over him with a jeep really, after what happened with the prince (was he a Saudi or Syrian?) these places seem other worldly June 24, 2009 05:56 pm at 5:56 pm | ANDROLOMA, Commerce City, Colorado Didn't something need to be done? June 24, 2009 06:00 pm at 6:00 pm | V Poirier Another Republican bites the dust. Seems to be an unfortunate defect of the Rep. Party...arrogance, do what they please...above it all. Will they, I wonder ever grow up and successfully redesign their Party? June 24, 2009 06:06 pm at 6:06 pm | « Back to main

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politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com

CNN Poll: Obama ranks low among recent incumbentsPosted byCNN Political Unit Washington (CNN) - President Barack Obama's overall approval rating remains in the mid-40s, where it has been since July, and he continues to receive much higher marks for foreign policy than for domestic issues, according to a new national survey out one year before he is up for re-election. A CNN/ORC International Poll released Tuesday indicates that 52% of all Americans approve of how the president is handling the situation in Iraq, an indication that Americans tend to favor Obama's decision to withdraw all U.S. troops from that country by year's end. Forty-eight percent of those questioned approve of how he is handling the war in Afghanistan. By contrast, only 35% have a positive view of his economic track record, and just 38% approve of how he is handling health care policy. Full results (pdf) It all adds up to an overall 46% approval rating for the president, with 52% saying they disapprove of how Obama is handling his job in the White House. "That's par for the course for Obama, whose overall approval rating has been hovering in the mid 40s in every CNN poll conducted since June," CNN Polling Director Keating Holland said. In comparison to recent incumbents running for re-election, Obama's 46% approval ranks above only Jimmy Carter and Gerald Ford - who both lost their re-election bids - in November of the year before an election. Most incumbents who were re-elected had an approval rating above 50% a year before the election. But George W. Bush, at 50%, and Richard Nixon, at 49%, also won re-election, and Bush's father George H.W. Bush had a 56% approval rating yet lost to Bill Clinton the following year. "Translation: while the approval rating is an important indicator of a president's strength, it is not a foolproof predictor of election results," Holland said. See how Obama's number stack up. The poll indicates that the standard partisan divide over the president remains, with three-quarters of Democrats giving Obama a thumbs up but only 15% of Republicans approving of the job he's doing in office. By a 54%-42% margin, independent voters disapprove of how the president's handling his duties. Women are divided on how Obama's performing, but men disapprove by a 55%-43% margin. White Americans give Obama a thumbs down by a 61%-36% margin, with non-white Americans give the president a thumbs up by a more than 2-1 margin. The CNN poll was conducted by ORC International from November 11-13, with 1,036 adult Americans questioned by telephone. The survey's overall sampling error is plus or minus three percentage points. – CNN Deputy Political Director Paul Steinhauser contributed to this report. Newspaper editor defends Cain interview Cain stumbles over Libya Gloria Cain: I never believed allegations were true Filed under: 2012 • CNN/ORC International poll • President Obama • Republicans The results of these polls is misleading at best. My own approval rating of Obama is low, but IMO he's still far better than the alternatives that have been presented so far, so unless something changes drastically I'll vote for him again. November 15, 2011 02:11 pm at 2:11 pm | Pete Numbers, 46 percent is a pretty large number of our populace. Is it a majority? No, but when you look at what was given to him on day one. Just imagine that ditch he described your car being in, the headwinds he had to face, especially after the midterm elections. I implore you all to read outside your idealogical boxes. November 15, 2011 02:12 pm at 2:12 pm | Phil in KC Well, workers do have the right to collective bargaining under the law, so I guess it's a good thing he supports the law. I don't understand how anyone could be against collective bargaining. Oh, wait – yeah – that's so the rich keep getting richer and the poor keep getting poorer. So we can eliminate the middle class and become a 2nd world nation. When were we at our greatest as an economic power? When did we enjoy the highest standard of living? When the unions were most powerful. When work practices were fair and even-handed. It is no coincidence that, as unions have gone down-hill, so have working conditions and our economic standing in the world. November 15, 2011 02:13 pm at 2:13 pm | jack squatt Obama needs to be thrown in Jail for fraud. November 15, 2011 02:17 pm at 2:17 pm | Doc M Most of us understand who continues to stall the economy and it isn't Obama. The magical thinking by GOP followers is crazy making. They blame Obama for everything under the sun; it's pretty entertaining but getting kind of boring. The GOP needs to take their nutjob candidates and step aside and let people who give a crap about this country move forward. Obama will win a 2nd term. November 15, 2011 02:18 pm at 2:18 pm | Supa Keep drinking the Obamaland CoolAid people. Obama is an America hating communist muslim liar Listen to Obamas speeches he never really says anything concrete. All generic phrases that mean jack squattt. November 15, 2011 02:20 pm at 2:20 pm | DumbasRocks [R]s "Collective Hijacking" Oh, I'm sorry. I thought I was on a thread about the 2000 presidential election...... Obama thinks Hawaii is in Asia what a mor on November 15, 2011 02:21 pm at 2:21 pm | Bill God's approval rating is only 52%, so Obama's is not too bad. November 15, 2011 02:21 pm at 2:21 pm | Rudy NYC Al wrote: His numbers are actually pretty high considering all the good that he's done, for example Solyndra, over 600 MILLION DOLLARS gone down the drain. Your credibility is highly suspect. Everyone except the right wing blogosphere knows that the actual figure is just under $500M, that the program that enabled Solyndra to get the funds was created by Bush, that the Bush administration first selected Solyndra for application to the program, and that the Bush administration had approved Solyndra as participant in the program. The people running Solyndra were life-long Republicans. Stimulus funds were used to pay for, and expand, the program begun under Bush. The companies in the program that failed to meet expectations were those chosen by the Bush administration. November 15, 2011 02:22 pm at 2:22 pm | bb I'm amazed at how many posters here are hoping for failure just to further some sort of us vs. them game they're playing in their heads. Do yourself a favor, people. Base your decisions on hard data, not an a.m. radio daily talking point. You are all too obvious. Too much is at stake to treat our nation like some backwoods football game. Fact is – Obama is NOT the worst president this country has seen by far. Obama did not cause the '08 economic collapse. Obama did not commit our country to 2 unfunded open-ended wars, financed by the Chinese. We did not go into a DEpression because of Obama. In fact, he brought us out of the hardest recession since the Great Depression. He saved the American auto industry, and private sector jobs have been gaining for over 2 years now. Canada is going to sell their oil to China now , Thanks Obama... 20,000 jobs gone. I thought we couldn't wait anymore? Oh thats right were waiting until after the election. November 15, 2011 02:23 pm at 2:23 pm | cony 007 Jack squatt if Obama needs to be thrown in jail for fraud then the Bush Crime Family need to be sent to the HAGUE for war crimes against humanity. The reason why the country is divide is because we are still an extremely racist country. November 15, 2011 02:26 pm at 2:26 pm | Chuck Hey Doc, It is Obama and his policy that continue to stall the economy. How soon you forget that the Dems had the House, Senate and POTUS and still here we are. Also, they still controll 2/3 of our government and you want to blame Republicans. Nice try, Obama loses in a landslide and deep down you all know it! November 15, 2011 02:26 pm at 2:26 pm | Julnor Just who are these 46%? What rock have they been living under? November 15, 2011 02:28 pm at 2:28 pm | Cin As an independent voter, I cannot see me voting for any of the republican candidates. Obama's got this in 2012, no matter what Nate Silver says. November 15, 2011 02:28 pm at 2:28 pm | Lonewolf When it comes 2012 elect all new whos running. CLEAN HOUSE They all have to go. Elect all indenpents. It can't get any worse. November 15, 2011 02:30 pm at 2:30 pm | Dominican mama 4 Obama @ Debbie: You keep baiting that hook Deb, we ain't biting!lol! November 15, 2011 02:31 pm at 2:31 pm | Independent Love our President, and he will be re-elected. That's right Debbie, don't vote for the guy that came in 1st in the last presidential election and saved the free-world economy from the second [R]-caused depression in the last century. No, instead vote for the guy that came in 10th in the grueling world of pizza corporations, whose biggest draw to you pinheads seems to be that he'd like to try to inflict on us again the same [R] failure that almost led to an economic depression 3 years ago. If you are black, you are the dumbest black I've ever heard of. If I were you, I'd stick to the emotion because at least your heart was once fuller than your skull is now. November 15, 2011 02:34 pm at 2:34 pm | Sam The dem have the majority and didn't care about job. All obama cared about the health bill. Now all he does is play the blame game of everything not being his fault. Obama is all big talk with little results. He never get involve with the debates on bills until the last minute and then take credit for bringing both side together. That what I hate about him. He never gets his hands dirty and have other people do his work for him. The first two years he could of made a difference and he blew it. November 15, 2011 02:39 pm at 2:39 pm | S.B. Stein E.B. NJ Is he agreeing with Scott Walker and removing collective bargining? I don't think that did anything for the budget. Or is he saying that he is willing to be tough with those public employees who are covered by unions? It is baffling as to what Cain believes. I wish it would be clear. November 15, 2011 02:39 pm at 2:39 pm | Jaun in El Paso It is mind blowing that the Republicans are called obstructionists and are berated for blocking Obama agenda. They do the same thing when there is a Republican in the White House! I guess liberalism is a nice unreality to live in where the double standard is only considered a double standard when it goes agains them.

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politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com

January 20th, 2013 02:11 AM ET Biden gets ahead of himself at inaugural partyPosted byCNN Political Unit (CNN) – Joe Biden tops a list of Democrats who may be interested in a 2016 presidential bid, but appears to have stepped a bit ahead of himself Saturday. Video posted online by the site Mediaite shows the vice president stumbling over his title at an inauguration party in Washington. "You saw what America came to see. You saw early on, Iowa Democrats saw early on the incredible promise and the incredible capability, the incredible leadership of the guy I now serve with," Biden told supporters at the party, sponsored by the State Society of Iowa. "I'm proud to be president of the United States, but I'm prouder to be Barack ..." he continued, trailing off as laughter erupted in the room. "I am proud," he corrected himself, speaking over the crowd, "to be vice president of the United States." If he was testing the waters for a presidential bid, he found a sympathetic crowd from the state which kicks off the presidential selection process with their caucuses. The video shows him chuckling as he said, "Well, there goes that," and attempted to move on. "Look, on a serious note," he started, as some in his audience continued to laugh. "I guess I'm not going to get back to a serious note, am I?" After a few false starts, the video shows Biden regained his composure. "Think of where we were when Barack was elected president of the United States," he said. Perhaps Biden will find forgiveness from President Barack Obama, who once slipped up and offered Biden the same promotion to the top of the ticket. When he introduced Biden as his running mate in August 2008, Obama called Biden "the next president of the United States," then quickly corrected himself. Republican presidential nominee Mitt Romney made the same mistake last year when introducing Rep. Paul Ryan to his ticket. The music played and Ryan walked out waving. Once the applause subsided, Romney stepped back to the microphone to correct the mistake. – CNN's Kevin Bohn and Gregory Wallace contributed to this report Filed under: Inauguration • Vice President Biden Getoverit Lucky for Uncle Joe he's not a Republican. He would have been banished from Planet Earth for a mistake like that. January 20, 2013 02:42 am at 2:42 am | KEVIN2121961 I do the same thing all the time. Everyone can relate to making mistakes but Joe Biden has a consistantly hillarious way of screwing up in front of a camera. Gotta love Uncle Joe. January 20, 2013 03:00 am at 3:00 am | Lizard Lance I can't wait to see how Fox News turns this into a big flare up between Biden and Obama. The people at Fox never let facts get in the way of a good story that's critical of Democrats or that's highly supportive of Republicans. Fair and Balanced? Sure. Only idiots believe that. January 20, 2013 03:58 am at 3:58 am | dont be a sucker man i can't stand this horrible excuse for a leader January 20, 2013 04:27 am at 4:27 am | Anonymous wow,..no thanks Joe! January 20, 2013 04:45 am at 4:45 am | Uncle Joe That's just Uncle Joe, he would make a great President, wouldn't he? What ever he says' goes! What a Jo(e)ke January 20, 2013 04:49 am at 4:49 am | Jim Do they need "Hello! My Name Is" tags with their title underneath?! January 20, 2013 05:24 am at 5:24 am | Rick Political humor CAN be hilarious January 20, 2013 05:29 am at 5:29 am | Badass A true National Treasure. January 20, 2013 06:31 am at 6:31 am | NameGoose Vice President Biden is a good guy...we all slip-up at one time or another! It's all "ok." It's all part of being human. :-) January 20, 2013 06:41 am at 6:41 am | RunForTheHills Please, please, PLEASE put up Joe Biden in 2016. The GOP begs you. January 20, 2013 06:46 am at 6:46 am | JD Congratulations Mr Vice President and Mr President! Don't worry Joe, next election you will be President!!!!! GOP will be the thing of the past, they did their selves in drinking tea!!!! January 20, 2013 07:01 am at 7:01 am | Alvin Cavanaugh Why should anyone be suprised at Biden making himself look foolish in public. This is not the first time and it won't be the last!! January 20, 2013 07:04 am at 7:04 am | JWHARGIS I could run against Biden and it would be a landslide, my way. The guy is a BFD in his own mind... January 20, 2013 07:06 am at 7:06 am | Josh This guy is a joke... January 20, 2013 07:17 am at 7:17 am | Hobo101 Funny mistake!!! January 20, 2013 07:18 am at 7:18 am | Karin Obama is making a bid to have a 3rd term.....Which makes me sick amd Biden is a joke January 20, 2013 07:28 am at 7:28 am | Dee G. Funny as hell – I Love Joe!! January 20, 2013 07:33 am at 7:33 am | Kevin If he would team up with Hilary. I think Dem will have an enormous chance to win in 2016 as long as Obama doesn't screw things up. I wish him good luck! January 20, 2013 07:37 am at 7:37 am | skippdog Biden seems like a decent guy but he's too old. January 20, 2013 07:37 am at 7:37 am | Name lynn Biden you need to slow your row, an take your time before you speak an what your during. January 20, 2013 07:47 am at 7:47 am | Gurgyl Great Joe. American people love you. We love you, Joe. January 20, 2013 08:08 am at 8:08 am | jay Hey, why not? Now we can laugh at all his gaffes....

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politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com

Search In Arabic in English in D.C. Tara McKelvey December 17, 2006 PinItInstapaperPocketEmailPrint Al Jazeera has been called "the terrorist network," a "beheadings channel," and "a mouthpiece for Osama bin Laden." Yet there was Dave Marash, 64, Al Jazeera's improbable anchor, sitting at his computer in a seventh-floor corner office in its K Street location, surrounded by mementos from his work as an Emmy-award-winning Nightline correspondent -- a William Gaddis novel on a shelf, an Eva Cassidy plaque on a wall, and a Ghanan akuaba'a fertility doll on top of bookshelf. It's a radical career move. Currently neither his old friends from ABC, nor anybody else, can watch him on television in the United States. His new employer, Al Jazeera English, launched its channel on November 15 out of Washington -- but only on the Web. How did his friends react when they heard the news? "The overwhelming majority said, 'That's Marash,'" he says with a grin. Wearing a red tie and wire-rimmed glasses on a recent Friday morning, he enthusiastically described the channel's "absolutely, state-of-the-art" production quality and its "four regional news bases" in Washington, London, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, and Doha, Qatar, hometown of its financial backer, Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa al Thani, the emir of Qatar. The goal, at least according to promotional spots, is "[t]o challenge the mainstream media." In some ways, the station has. Even without airing in the United States, it has gained radical-chic allure. In early December, cameramen from The Daily Show with Jon Stewart filmed a segment in the station's K Street building. Playwright Eve (Vagina Monologues) Ensler, wearing red-framed glasses and sitting in an empty theater, will appear in an upcoming Aljazeera Everywoman, a weekly magazine show. And Benetton and Diesel are described as potential advertisers, according to an April 2006 article in Fast Company. "Right now Al Jazeera is the new frontier," proclaims an advertisement on the channel. Behind the hyperbolic, go-boldly language, though, is a news-gathering organization that is trying to be taken seriously. The channel broadcasts live and worldwide 16 hours a day, focusing heavily on the developing world. According to promotional material, it hopes to provide "accurate, impartial and objective news for a global audience from a grass-roots level" and to become "the channel of reference for Middle East news." The grass-roots part is key. Al Jazeera English offers an ambitious -- perhaps quixotic -- approach to news, placing an emphasis on ordinary people. Marash says his hero is foreign correspondent Ryszard Kapuscinski, a Polish journalist who has spent decades writing about political issues in African and Latin American countries from the perspective of low-level bureaucrats, former servants, and nomads. "CNN doesn't go for the little man," explains Hugh Miles, a Cairo-based journalist and author of a book, Al-Jazeera: How Arab TV News Challenged the World. "It shows Minister A meeting Minister B and talking about an important issue. Al Jazeera produces shows about an ambulance driver in Gaza and a gold miner in the Congo." *** But is the channel's perspective new or skewed? Probably both. It is too early to judge how accurate its news coverage will be over a sustained period, yet there are clues. In many ways, its newsroom would seem familiar to any Western journalist. The staff of about 140 was hired away from CNN, NBC, CBS, and other U.S. stations, including someone from fox News Channel, according to Washington bureau chief Will Stebbins, himself a former Associated Press Television News executive. Their workspace is bustling and chaotic. Old copies of BusinessWeek and The Wall Street Journal were piled on a table the Friday afternoon that I visited, and the yellow-and-black carpet was partly held together with masking tape. The back of the room was heavy with the scent of bagels, and a producer-type, a man in sideburns and frayed jeans with Dinosaur Jr. wallpaper on his desktop, was shouting into his telephone, "You are a visionary!" The channel's editorial product offers professionally packaged news from experienced journalists. There are 24 anchors working in the four regional bureaus. In addition, some CNN regulars appear on Al Jazeera English; Mike Wallace, Wesley Clark, and Jimmy Carter have all been interviewed or are scheduled to appear on the channel. Some of the programming is Headline News in style, though more international and slightly longer in form, from Laos, Somalia, Gaza, and Mexico City. Other stories cover local businesses, such as Jihad Construction, which is helping to rebuild Lebanon, and regional conflicts ("exclusive footage of a shootout" in Kinshasa, Congo, was touted recently). Of course, Al Jazeera shows its distinctive character as well. When there's fashion, it's about the hijab (featuring Yasmin Safri, "catwalk designer of Islamic fashionwear"). Among the early investigative airings are "Triangle of Anger," a journalist-produced documentary about extraordinary rendition, and "Prisoner 345," another documentary, about an Al Jazeera cameraman, Sami al-Hajj, who was arrested on the Afghan-Pakistani border in December 2001 and later imprisoned at Guantanamo Bay. One recent news segment depicts the lives of Iraqi children, who play with a battery-operated toy vehicle in the street -- and watch it collapse in flames after the explosion of a miniature explosive in the front hood. The key question, of course, is editorial control. Al Jazeera executives and newscasters say they work independently of Sheikh Hamad bin Khalifa al Thani and separate from their Arabic-language counterpart. "Not only is Al Jazeera English editorially independent of Al Jazeera Arabic -- although they each share the same guiding spirit -- but each of the four broadcast centers of Al Jazeera English retains editorial independence over its own content, allowing each center to present the news as seen from its particular position in the world," explained Stebbins. It's true that under Sheikh Hamad, the press censorship law in Qatar has been eased. "The Doha-based al-Jazeera satellite channel is acknowledged as the freest television station in the Middle East," according to a December 1 country briefing from the Economist Intelligence Unit. Still, it's hard to believe Al Jazeera English is as clean as its executives claim. Sheikh Hamad is openly critical of the West, sharply attacking it "for boycotting the Hamas government," and adding "that Palestinians are being punished for practicing democracy." But the extent of his influence is elusive. As Brendan Bernhard wrote in a November New York Sun article, "It would take a George Smiley to figure out what the Emir of Qatar's game is, but it's surely a double, triple, or even quadruple one." Yet Al Jazeera English doesn't seem to show obvious bias: The United States and Israel are treated like any other country in the news segments and are not referred to as evil empires -- despite what the channel's detractors may think. There is, not surprisingly, a significant amount of coverage devoted to Iraq, in stories that don't seem to show any more sympathy for the Sunni or the Shia perspective. Instead, they show compassion for the "Iraqi people." Most of the anchoring is done in Doha. Between news segments about malaria in Ethiopia, a new prison wing at Guantanamo Bay, and the Iraq Study Group, you are invariably taken back to the Doha mother ship -- an enormous, two-story, Matrix-fantasy newsroom with rows of desktops bathed in shades of rich, cornflower blue. Among the Al Jazeera English 24 newscasters, 12 are stationed in Doha, according to the company, and the ratio of news coverage among the four regional centers shows Doha clearly in the lead. Even the most casual viewer gets the message: Doha is the center of the world. Critics, including the Bush administration, have claimed that Al Jazeera has ties to terrorists, but Al Jazeera English staff say that is simply wrong. "Al Jazeera has a functioning relationship with al-Qaeda and insurgent groups in Iraq. But it doesn't mean they have any ideological sympathy for these political groups," says writer Miles. "The Pentagon and the State Department have invested a lot of resources trying to show Al Jazeera is a terrorist channel, or funded by terrorists, but they haven't been able to do it for the simple reason it's not." To date, no U.S. satellite or cable company has picked the channel up. Al Jazeera English spokeswoman Lindsey Oliver explained that "it is hard for any new broadcast organization to get carriage, particularly on satellite and cable, because of the limited space they offer for new programming." Still, it's not easy being associated with the network that features personalities like Yusuf Al-Qaradawi, an Islamic leader who has supported suicide bombings, and others who express strong anti-U.S. sentiments. "Cable carriers are afraid of the P.R. hit they will take for being the first media conglomerate to pick up on what most Americans believe is a terrorist wire service," says Matthew T. Felling, media director of the Washington-based Center for Media and Public Affairs, a nonpartisan organization that studies the news media. People in other countries have given a warmer reception to Al Jazeera English. More than 80 million households, in the United Kingdom, France, Germany, and other countries around the world, can tune into the channel on television. British Prime Minister Tony Blair appeared on one of its programs on November 20, five days after its launch. Perhaps not surprisingly, there hasn't been any response from the White House. "No flowers," says the program's Washington bureau chief Stebbins. "Must be stuck in the mail." Tara McKelvey, a senior editor at the Prospect, is a research fellow at NYU School of Law's Center on Law and Security and the author of Monstering: Inside America’s Policy on Secret Interrogations and Torture in the Terror War. Articles By Tara McKelvey RSS feed of articles by Tara McKelvey More From This Issue Murder and Migration Rejecting the Right Taking Back the States Columns How to Create Populists The Real Judicial Activists The Overrated Swing Voter The Way Out Culture Back to Class Indictment or Challenge? The Other War In Arabic in English in D.C. Departments Up Front January/February 2007 (PDF) Special Report Livable Los Angeles A Gulf of Good Intentions Help Wanted -- Green Not Just for the Gentry Green Buildings Matter The New Environment for Housing Healthy Communities, Healthy People Sustainable Cities Green Common Ground Dispatches The Little Pill that Could Arms Dealers to the World Doctoring Health Care, II Doctoring Health Care, I Advertisement

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prospect.org

Enter John Thune. Jamelle Bouie September 27, 2010 PinItInstapaperPocketEmailPrint By way of Mike Allen's Playbook is Stephen Hayes' Weekly Standard piece on South Dakota Sen. John Thune. According to Hayes, Thune -- touted previously by David Brooks -- has all but committed to a run for the Republican presidential nomination in 2012: Several people close to the senator say they would be surprised if he chose not to run, and Thune allows that he’s thinking about it seriously enough that he’s gamed out his “pathway to get there,” calculated the amount of money it would take to be competitive in early primaries, and even thought about the timing of an announcement. He thinks his family would be on board. “I’m taking a very full look at it,” he says. And why not. The Republican field is wide open. And Obama is vulnerable. [Emphasis mine] Not to tout this book too much, but Republicans thought the same thing in 1995, when President Clinton seemed weak and vulnerable after Democrats' historic losses in the 1994 midterm elections. Here's Taylor Branch on how Republicans viewed the party nomination contest in 1995: His [Clinton's] opponents were multiplying for obvious reasons. Each one saw the GOP nomination as tantamount to election. "They all think they can beat me," he said. "They have weakened me with health care and the midterms, so they'll just finish me off in 1996." By that point in 1995, Phil Gramm, Lamar Alexander, Richard Lugar, and Pete Wilson (the former governor of California) had announced their presidential campaigns. Obviously, none succeeded, and in retrospect, they weren't the strongest candidates, outward appearances notwithstanding. I don't know enough about John Thune to judge his quality as a presidential nominee, but it's worth noting that similar political circumstances led a host of politicians to greatly underestimate President Clinton's political health. John Thune might be the next president of the United States, but he might also join a long list of men who thought they had it and were sorely disappointed by reality. -- Jamelle Bouie Jamelle Bouie is a staff writer at The American Prospect. Follow @jbouie Articles By Jamelle Bouie RSS feed of articles by Jamelle Bouie Advertisement

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prospect.org

Click to watch video May 12th, 2012 10:00 PM ET With or without Romney, D.C. a surprising Mormon stronghold By Dan Gilgoff, CNN.com Religion Editor Alexandria, Virginia (CNN) – A few hundred Mormons filed into a chapel just outside the Washington Beltway one recent Sunday to hear a somewhat unusual presentation: an Obama administration official recounting his conversion to Mormonism. “I have never in my life had a more powerful experience than that spiritual moment when the spirit of Christ testified to me that the Book of Mormon is true,” Larry Echo Hawk told the audience, which stretched back through the spacious sanctuary and into a gymnasium in the rear. Echo Hawk’s tear-stained testimonial stands out for a couple of reasons: The White House normally doesn’t dispatch senior staff to bare their souls, and Mormons hew heavily Republican. It’s not every day a top Democrat speaks from a pulpit owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. And yet the presentation by Echo Hawk, then head of the U.S. Bureau of Indian Affairs, is also a perfect symbol of a phenomenon that could culminate in Mitt Romney’s arrival at 1600 Pennsylvania Avenue next year: The nation’s capital has become a Mormon stronghold, with Latter-day Saints playing a big and growing role in the Washington establishment. The well-dressed crowd gathered for Echo Hawk’s speech was dotted with examples of inside-the-beltway Mormon power. In one pew sits a Mormon stake president – a regional Mormon leader – who came to Washington to write speeches for Ronald Reagan and now runs a lobbying firm downtown. Behind him in the elegant but plain sanctuary – Mormon chapels are designed with an eye toward functionality and economy – is a retired executive secretary of the U.S. Supreme Court. A few pews further back, the special assistant to the U.S. Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan sits next to a local Mormon bishop who came to Washington to work for Sen. Orrin Hatch of Utah and now leads a congressionally chartered foundation. Mitt Romney, who would be the first Mormon president if elected, is the son of a Cabinet secretary under Richard Nixon. “In a Republican administration, there will be even more Mormons here,” whispers the bishop, Lewis Larsen, pointing out prominent Washingtonians around the chapel. “Every Republican administration just loads up with them.” Regardless of which party controls the White House, Mormonism in Washington has been growing for decades. When Larsen arrived in Washington in the early ’80s, there were a just handful of Mormon meetinghouses in northern Virginia, where he lives. Today, there are more than 25, each housing three separate congregations, or wards, as they’re known in the LDS Church. “There’s been an absolute explosion in Mormon growth inside the beltway,” Larsen says before slipping out of the pew to crank the air conditioning for the swelling crowd. The LDS Church says there are 13,000 active members within a 10-mile radius of Washington, though the area’s Mormon temple serves a much larger population – 148,000 Latter-day Saints, stretching from parts of South Carolina to New Jersey. Signs of the local Mormon population boom transcend the walls of the temple and meetinghouses. Crystal City, a Virginia neighborhood just across the Potomac River from Washington, has become so popular with young Mormons that it’s known as “Little Provo,” after the Utah city that’s home to church-owned Brigham Young University. Congress now counts 15 Mormon members, including Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, according to the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life. That means the 2% of the country that’s Mormon is slightly overrepresented on Capitol Hill. Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, a Democrat, is the highest-placed elected Mormon in Washington. Even many Latter-day Saints joke about Washington’s “Mormon mafia” – referring to the number of well-placed LDS Church members across town – though they cringe at the thought of being seen as part of some cabal. (Echo Hawk, for his part, left the Obama administration a few weeks after his chapel presentation for a job in the LDS Church hierarchy). “No one talks about Washington being an Episcopalian stronghold or a Jewish stronghold,” says Richard Bushman, a Mormon scholar at Columbia University. Talk of “Mormon Washington,” he says, “represents a kind of surprise that people who were thought of as provincial have turned up in sophisticated power positions.” Bushman and other experts note that, despite Mormons’ growing political power, the official church mostly steers clear of politics. It’s hard to point to federal legislation or a White House initiative that bears distinctly Mormon fingerprints, while it’s easy to do the same for other faiths. For example, the White House’s recent “compromise” on a rule that would have required religious groups to fund contraception for employees was mostly a reaction to pressure from Roman Catholic bishops. Nonetheless, Mormon success in Washington is a testament to distinctly Mormon values, shedding light into the heart of one of America’s fastest-growing religions. And though the official church is mostly apolitical, most rank-and-file Mormons have linked arms with the GOP. Romney’s own political evolution mirrors that trend. Such forces help explain why Mormons’ beltway power is poised to grow even stronger in coming years, whether or not Romney wins the White House. ‘A ton of Mormon contacts’ For many Washington Mormons, religion plays a key role in explaining why they’re here. Larsen, who sports a brown comb-over and tortoise shell glasses, arrived in Washington in the early 1980s as an intern for Hatch, also a Mormon. He landed the internship courtesy of Brigham Young University, his alma mater. The Mormon school owns a four-story dorm on Pennsylvania Avenue, not too far from the White House, which houses 120 student interns each year. It’s the school’s largest such program in the nation. “Part of our church’s tradition is to be connected with civic life, to make our communities better,” says BYU’s Scott Dunaway, who helps place students on Capitol Hill, at the Smithsonian and other Washington institutions. “We don’t believe in being reclusive.” It’s a perfect characterization of Larsen. He grew up in Provo, in the shadow of BYU, and wanted to prove he could make it outside of Utah. “Kids growing up in the LDS Church have been told, ‘Go ye out in the world and preach the gospel of Christ - don’t be afraid to be an example,’ ” Larsen said, sitting in the glass-doored conference room of the foundation he runs on K Street. “So we are on our missions, converting people to Christianity,” he continued. “And coming to Washington, for me and probably for a lot of people, came out of that interest. We see it as our career, but also we’re going out to preach the word of Christ.” For Larsen, that usually means correcting misinformation about Mormonism or explaining Mormon beliefs and practices – you really don’t drink coffee, ever? – over lunch with co-workers or at business functions, rather than on-the-job proselytizing. He learned about integrating work and faith from Hatch. He was initially shocked to discover that the senator prays in his office each morning. Larsen and Hatch developed what the bishop calls a “father-son” relationship, with the intern rising up through the ranks to become Hatch’s chief Washington fundraiser. “We would go on trips, and I’d quiz him on the plane: Why did the church do this? Why didn’t the church do this?” Larsen said. “He was like a tutor to me.” Now, as the head of a foundation that educates teachers about the U.S. Constitution, the bishop helps other young Mormons with job leads and introductions. Larsen was appointed to the role by Hatch and the late U.S. Sen. Ted Kennedy. Much of Washington’s Mormon professional network is still anchored by BYU, which operates a handful of big, well-connected alumni groups with major Washington chapters. The most prominent is BYU’s Management Society, a global organization whose biggest chapter is in Washington. At the chapter’s recent alumni dinner, former Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice was the guest of honor. She has strong ties to the Mormon community and has hired Mormons as top aides. Says Larsen: “Condi’s got a ton of Mormon contacts.” Patrice Pederson also knows how to work a Rolodex. A lifelong political activist, she moved from Utah to Washington last year and soon tapped into BYU’s local network. Pederson served as the U.S.-based campaign manager for Yeah Samake, a Mormon running for president in the West African nation of Mali. Samake traveled frequently to the U.S. to raise money and build political support, so Pederson enlisted the help of BYU’s Management Society and other groups to host events for the candidate. Both in Washington and across the U.S., many Mormons are watching his candidacy. “Members of the church on Capital Hill were anxious to introduce the candidate to other members of Congress,” says Pederson, sipping an herbal tea (Mormons eschew black leaf teas) in a strip mall Starbucks near her apartment in Alexandria, Virginia. “It’s cool to have a member of the church running for president in Africa.” Beyond making connections, many Washington Mormons say the LDS Church provides an ideal proving ground for careers here. Unlike most churches, it has no professional clergy; from the bishop to the organist, each role is filled by everyday Mormons, most of whom have other day jobs. As a result, Mormons take church leadership roles at an early age, speaking publicly at Sunday services almost as soon they learn to talk. “My kids grew up in the church, and we get together for three hours on Sundays, and each member needs to get up and speak,” says U.S. Rep. Jason Chaffetz, R-Utah. “By the time they graduate, they have all these speaking assignments that other teenagers just don’t have. U.S. Rep. Jason Chaffetz, a Utah Republican, says Mormonism provides ideal training for aspiring politicians. “For those who grow up in the Mormon church, they are taught skills that allow them to be successful in a tough city like Washington,” says Chaffetz, who converted to Mormonism shortly after college. Young Mormons also hone leadership skills by serving missions away from home. The missions last from one and half to two years and happen when Mormons are in their late teens and early 20s and often include intensive foreign language training. “Young Mormons are more formidable in public settings and international settings than others,” says Terryl Givens, a Mormon scholar at the University of Richmond. “Normally you would have to acquire more age and work experience before you feel comfortable and useful at NGOs and think tanks.” Chaffetz, whose son is serving a mission in Ghana, says the experience is the perfect preparation for political careers. “They learn rejection early on,” he says. “If you’re going to be in politics, that’s a pretty good attribute.” Christina Tomlinson served her mission in nonexotic Fresno, California. But working with the Laotian community there, she acquired the foreign language skills that landed her first internship at the U.S. State Department. “I look back at that and it’s nothing but divine providence,” Tomlinson says one night at an office building-turned-chapel in Crystal City, after a weekly discussion about Mormon teachings. “I would have never made those choices.” When she arrived at her foreign service orientation in the late 1990s, Tomlinson was surprised to find that a half-dozen of her State Department colleagues were also Mormon. The thriving LDS community at State even runs its own e-mail list server so Latter-day Saints can find each other wherever in the world they’re stationed. Like former presidential candidate Jon Huntsman, who used the Mandarin language skills acquired through a Mormon mission to Taiwan to help secure his job as President Barack Obama’s previous ambassador to China, Tomlinson leveraged her mission to get ahead at State, where she now serves as special assistant to the U.S. Special Representative for Afghanistan and Pakistan. “I’m basically the chief of staff for the president’s representative charged with implementing U.S. foreign policy towards Afghanistan and Pakistan,” she e-mailed on a recent plane ride back from the region. Language skills acquired on a Mormon mission helped Christina Tomlinson get her start at the State Department. At the point of a bayonet Like many Mormons, Tomlinson says her professional life is driven by a faith-based patriotism that sounds old-fashioned to modern ears: “I just really wanted to serve my country.” But that distinctly Mormon patriotism was hard-won. From their very beginning, Mormons had tried to forge a special relationship with Washington. And for decades, they failed. Joseph Smith, who founded Mormonism in the 1830s, petitioned the U.S. government to protect his fledgling religious community from the violent persecution it was experiencing, even meeting repeatedly with President Martin Van Buren. But Washington refused, provoking Smith – who Mormons consider their founding prophet – to run for president himself in 1844. He was assassinated by an anti-Mormon mob in Illinois well before Election Day. In the face of such attacks, Mormons fled west, to the territory that’s now Utah. But they continued to seek ties with Washington, dispatching representatives to the capital to lobby for statehood. Congress refused to grant it. Instead, Uncle Sam disincorporated the LDS Church and sent the U.S. Army to police Mormon territory. In the eyes of Washington, Latter-day Saints were flouting federal law by practicing polygamy. The feds saw the LDS Church as an undemocratic rival government that threatened Washington’s power. Joseph Smith, Mormonism’s founding prophet, ran for president in 1844 but was killed before Election Day. Mormons would eventually ban polygamy, paving the way for Utah statehood in 1896. But Congress nonetheless refused to seat the new state’s Mormon senator, who also served as a top church official. For four years, the U.S. Senate held hearings to grill U.S. Sen. Reed Smoot and other church leaders, alleging that Mormons continued to practice polygamy despite promises to the contrary. “The political trial was as much a galvanizing cultural moment as was Watergate,” says Kathleen Flake, a scholar of Mormonism at Vanderbilt University in Tenneessee. When Smoot was eventually seated – after the LDS Church took further steps to stamp out polygamy – he managed to become a Washington powerbroker. He would chair the Senate Finance Committee and act as a presidential adviser. “He was Mr. Republican,” says Flake. “For a while there, he was the Republican Party.” Smoot’s unflagging pursuit of legitimacy in Washington, despite the city’s bias against him and his faith, symbolizes what many call a uniquely Mormon appreciation for American civic life. It helps explain the Mormon fascination with Washington to this day. It may seen counterintuitive, but Mormons’ early exposure to persecution at the hands of other Americans – aided, Mormons say, by the U.S. government – wound up strengthening their patriotic streak. In the face of attacks, Mormons clung to the U.S. Constitution and its unprecedented guarantee of religious freedom. They distinguished between the document and those charged with implementing it. Mormon scripture goes so far as to describe the U.S. Constitution as divinely inspired, establishing a unique environment in which Mormonism could emerge. “Mormons are superpatriots,” says Columbia University’s Bushman. “Joseph Smith said that if the government was doing its job as laid out in the Constitution, it would protect Mormons from their enemies.” Mormons began to shed their Utah-only siege mentality and fanned out in the early part of the 20th century. Their patriotic streak, which translated into military enlistments and applications for government jobs, led many to Washington. That wave included J. Willard Marriott, the hotel chain founder, who launched his business career by opening an A&W root beer stand here. He would go on to forge the kind of deep political connections that would help make Willard “Mitt” Romney his namesake. Washington’s Mormon community got another boost in the 1950s when President Dwight Eisenhower appointed a top church official, Ezra Taft Benson, as his agriculture secretary. “Mormons took it as a sign of maybe, just maybe, we’re being accepted,” says Flake. “It signified a cultural acceptance of Mormonism. People thought Mormons believed weird things, but also that they were self-reliant, moral and good neighbors.” As Mormons became more accepted, they became more upwardly mobile, landing in parts of the country that could sustain careers in commerce, academia and government - another reason Washington was a big draw. By the time there were enough Mormons in the eastern U.S. to justify the construction of the first Mormon temple east of the Mississippi River, the church chose a site just outside Washington. The temple opened in 1974, shortly after another high-profile Mormon – George Romney, Mitt’s father – left his post as Richard Nixon’s secretary of Housing and Urban Development. “The Washington temple served as a symbol of the triumphant return of Mormonism to the east,” says Givens, the University of Richmond professor. “Mormons left from the point of a bayonet in the 1800s and the temple is this gigantic symbol that says ‘We’re back – and we’re back in the nation’s capital.’ ” The Mormon temple outside Washington was the first such temple built east of the Mississippi River. Unlike Mormon meetinghouses, where members meet for Sunday worship, temples are grander buildings reserved for certain rites, such as proxy baptisms for the dead. To this day, the first monument many Washington visitors see isn’t a federal landmark. It’s the massive Mormon temple, its Georgian marble towers and gold-leafed spires looming above the trees on the Washington Beltway like an otherworldly castle. The temple houses a J. Willard Marriott-financed mural of Jesus Christ’s second coming, which features a picture of the Washington temple itself in the background. “Are you implying that the millennium will begin in Washington?” a temple visitor once asked Marriott, referring to Jesus’ return. Replied Marriott: “What better place is there?” Good at organizing These days, the Mormon impulse toward Washington is often as much political as patriotic. Patrice Pederson - the campaign manager for the Mormon running for president in Mali - made her first foray into politics at 15, hopping the bus from her home in the suburbs of Salt Lake City into town to intern with a Republican candidate for the U.S. House. “I remember that when Bill Clinton was elected, I wore all black to school that day,” says Pederson, who was in junior high at the time. “I was mourning the death of liberty.” When then-Vice President Al Gore visited Utah, Pederson protested his speech with a homemade poster that said “Blood, Guts & Gore – Healthcare’94.” (She can’t recall the poster’s exact meaning). Pederson’s activism as a “total hardcore right-winger” continued into her 20s. She put off college at BYU to start a “pro-family” advocacy group aimed at lobbying foreign governments and the United Nations. The work brought her to Washington so frequently that she decided to relocate last year: “I had more friends here than in Utah.” Pederson’s path to D.C. speaks to the growing Mormon/Republican alliance since the 1960s, driven largely by the emergence of social issues such as abortion and gay marriage and the rise of the Christian Right. “In the 1950s and ’60s, Utah became Republican,” says Bushman. “It’s partly about being anti-communist, but it’s also a response to the 1960s and the decay of old-fashioned moral virtues. It’s an anti-1960s movement, and the Republicans seemed to be the party of old-fashioned virtues.” Pederson’s roommate, Kodie Ruzicka, grew up squarely in that movement, with her mom heading the Utah chapter of Eagle Forum, a conservative Christian group founded by rightwing icon Phyllis Schlafly. In the 1970s, when the Catholic Schlafly led a successful grassroots campaign against the Equal Rights Amendment, which would have made gender-based discrimination unconstitutional, she enlisted the help of Mormons. To its opponents, including the LDS Church, the ERA was the work of radical feminists who wanted to upend traditional gender roles. Much of Schlafly’s organizing was among evangelicals, and “given the sometimes hostile evangelical line on Mormons, [Schlafly’s] Mormon outreach was kind of revolutionary,” says Ruzicka, who now works at the Justice Department. “But we’re good at organizing, and we have a lot of useful structures for it, so that was useful to her.” Today, Mormons head Eagle Forum chapters across the West, including California, Arizona and Nevada, as well as Utah. Bridge-building between Mormons and the conservative movement helps explain the Reagan administration’s push to hire many Mormons into the White House - which further cemented the alliance. That bond continues to lure Mormons to D.C. Ruzicka, for one, continued in the political footsteps of her mother, arriving in Washington in her mid-20s to lead a nonprofit that promotes safe haven laws, which allow young mothers to legally abandon young children at fire stations. Beyond hot-button social issues, U.S. Rep. Chaffetz says the Mormon faith engenders support for limited government. “The church is very adamant about personal responsibility, and for people to voluntarily participate in service,” the Utah Republican says. “There’s this feeling that service is not something that should be mandated by government.” The LDS Church, for its part, insists it is politically neutral and that it avoids pressuring Mormon elected officials to tow a church line. “The church’s mission is to preach the gospel of Jesus Christ, not to elect politicians,” the church’s website says. Mormon experts say the church’s support for a relatively strict separation of church and state is born of the U.S. government’s refusal to help Mormons in the face of early persecution. And after being accused of setting up a rival government around the turn of the last century, the church is loath to be seen giving marching orders to LDS politicians. The church did, however, play a leading role in passing Prop 8, California’s gay marriage ban, in 2008. Church officials called it a moral cause, not a political one. Plenty of critics disagree. But neither Mormon bishops nor church officials are known to lead the kind of church-based legislative lobbying efforts that Catholic bishops or evangelical leaders do. Mitt Romney himself embodies the reluctance of Mormon politicians to connect their religion and their public policy positions, in contrast to politicians of other faiths. That reluctance also appears to be born of anxiety over Americans’ lingering questions and doubts about Mormonism. When Pew asked Americans last year what word they associated with the Mormon faith, the most common response was “cult.” In recent weeks, Romney’s newfound position as the presumptive Republican presidential nominee has produced a mix of excitement and worry among Mormons. That’s especially true in Washington, where politically savvy Latter-day Saints send out frequent e-mail round-ups of Mormon media coverage to their LDS networks. “A lot of us know it’s ultimately a good thing, but it’s hard to feel like it’s a good thing because so much of the publicity is about things you wouldn’t talk about in polite company, like my underwear,” says Pederson, referring to the enduring fascination with Mormon undergarments. Like many conservatives, Pederson is suspicious of Romney. “I don’t like his waffling, to put it gently, on life and family issues,” she says. “But if it comes down to Romney versus Obama, hand me the pom-poms. I’ll be president of the Romney-Is-the-Best-We-Can-Come-Up-With-for-President Club.” For now, Pederson is working with the National Right to Life Committee’s political action committee to raise money for the Romney effort, even as she makes up her mind about how actively she wants to promote his candidacy. Some of her calculus is about weighing political reality against her conservative idealism. And some of it is about her next professional move. It’s a very Washington place to be. – Video by CNN photojournalist Jeremy Moorhead Dan Gilgoff - CNN Belief Blog Co-Editor Filed under: 2012 Election • Barack Obama • Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints • DC • Jon Huntsman • Mitt Romney • Mormonism • Politics Next entry »Across country, black pastors weigh in on Obama's same-sex marriage support « Previous entryText of Mitt Romney's commencement address at Liberty University soundoff (3,419 Responses) Jarvis Dumm Interested in Polygamy Dating? Come check out SisterWives.us, we are 100 Free! http://www.sisterwives.us October 22, 2013 at 2:14 am | Log in to Reply casino online A different type of bonus could be the variable benefit, this signifies you gat a clear percent of the sum a person deposit. The percentage is different for every single site – it might be 20% as well as 50%. Some casinos even offer a 100% casino bonus. 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So, the past few months, I've been really concerned about a mormon in the White House because of my background with the mormon church (7th generation...ancestor even mentioned in the D&C) and how horrible I know it to truly be. No more of CNN (which obviously supported Romnesia, the big hairy ape). No more fighting with a bunch of mormon propagandists. All that matters is that not only did creepy conservatrolls LOSE last night, but the mormon church lost the money it donated to stop gay marriage in Maryland and Maine. LOL! ON top of that, how many members are going to be questioning their religion now? After all that fasting and prayer, surely God would have seen the light and created a win for Romney, the chosen of the mormons and God himself. LOL! NOT! So, no more of these boards. And NO more of cnn. In 4 years mormonism will be a skeleton of what it was. All of the things that have come out about it's REAL temple beliefs and godhood, etc, will hit Americans and they will put it up there with the likes of David Koresh. Younger generations are already leaving the church (I've been able to help 7 out of 13 of my nieces and nephews see the light of freedom) and as technology takes over, even more will leave behind the dinosaur led by a bunch of smelly, old, pathetic men, that is the mormon church. BYE LOSERS!!!!! November 7, 2012 at 9:45 am | Log in to Reply donner do a wiki search on the White Horse Prophecy. The Mormons have been trying to pull off this con for 150 years. And it is up to real Christians to stop them. October 30, 2012 at 1:59 pm | Log in to Reply waitasec voting for someone who believes that a convicted CON man found stones with magic glasses that enabled him to translate the writings into 16th century english as the word of god and then conveniently lost them, is a dangerous thing to do. and if voted as the next president all the crap that will come of it is all on you October 1, 2012 at 11:57 am | Log in to Reply The Mockingjay You are delusional! Joseph Smith was never convicted of anything. Just like Jesus Christ, he was innocent! October 12, 2012 at 5:00 pm | Log in to Reply Sam being as strong as some seem to th September 30, 2012 at 8:47 pm | Log in to Reply Abinadi 30 And again I would exhort you that ye would come unto Christ, and lay hold upon every good gift, and touch not the evil gift, nor the unclean thing. (Book of Mormon, Moroni, Chapter 10) September 22, 2012 at 11:04 pm | Log in to Reply Pharma259 September 3, 2012 at 7:24 pm | Log in to Reply Pharmd694 Hello! ekaabdf interesting ekaabdf site! I'm really like it! Very, very ekaabdf good! September 3, 2012 at 7:24 pm | Log in to Reply Pharme595 September 3, 2012 at 7:23 pm | Log in to Reply Pharmf824 Hello! bccdcdd interesting bccdcdd site! I'm really like it! Very, very bccdcdd good! September 3, 2012 at 7:23 pm | Log in to Reply myfamilyneedsamiracle God bless you all. Please read our story and help if you can. I have a medically needy daughter and I don't know where else to turn. http://www.myfamilyneedsamiracle.wordpress.com August 14, 2012 at 11:50 am | Log in to Reply Alexander The book I would have you read may not even mention unnios. I think our disagreements on this issue are rooted in fundamentally different views of human beings, the role of government, and individual liberty. I am merely curious to see how you would react to the contents of the book, which is called .Regarding all those links, I had already seen the first one, and I took a look at the others, but I don't think they prove anything. Correlation is not causation, and as the first article points out, there are all sorts of potential reasons why those 10 countries experience the success they do, and besides, judging happiness is sticky business to start with. For me, the objective is not to get the US onto a 10 happiest countries list but to allow people to make their own choices. The freedom to choose comes with consequences and the potential that people might choose to do things that don't bring them happiness. It's unfortunate that people make choices that don't bring them happiness, but I don't believe it's the role of the government to help people make better choices. If we need to have a federal government at all, it should be there to provide for the common defense. Otherwise, it should leave us alone. Every other service can easily be provided by the private sector at a much lower cost, and at much higher quality. Just look at the expense and low quality of almost all government run monopolies such as public schools, the post office, the banking system, etc..You may feel that the ends justify the means, that is, that forcing people to give up a portion of their income, provides greater happiness for society. Even if that could be proven to be true, I'd still be against it, because I think taxation is morally wrong. I see no difference between taxation and theft, except that thieves have the decency to not try and convince you that they're actually doing you a favor. Likewise with unnios, for the sake of argument let's say they lead to a happier society. For me, that still doesn't justify the labor laws we have in our country. Do I believe workers should be free to organize? Absolutely. But I also believe companies should have the right to fire any worker they discover has joined a union. If a company thinks there's a way to work out a win-win situation such that the workers get their union and the company finds a way to work with the union in such a way that it's actually a benefit for the company too, then great. But for the government to step in and tell a company they can't fire a worker for joining a union, or to tell an employee that if 50% of his co-workers vote for a union then he has to join it too, even if he doesn't want to, is, in my opinion, a gross miscarriage of the role of government and interferes with the rights of the employer and employee to negotiate on their own terms, without interference, and I think that is morally wrong for our government to have and exercise such power.I also believe that in the long-run freedom produces the best results, but that is a difficult thing to prove. Despite the contrast between the results of the Soviet and American experiments there are people who still think socialism is the way to go, and that the only reason it didn't work in the USSR is because the wrong people were in charge. I think that's ridiculous, and that socialism has failed and will ultimately fail everywhere it's tried, but intelligent people can be found on both sides of this issue, and likely always will be found on either side.Why did you put that bit about the Book of Abraham in there? July 29, 2012 at 10:10 am | Log in to Reply PAUL ROMNEY LIKE BEING TOOTED: July 12, 2012 at 10:29 am | Log in to Reply M.SM.ANSARI Signs: your energy and time $ always lost. Each everything politics I am not Politician we politics analyzer Dear gentleman APR 19 2012 Please Avoid WAR so many people suffer public Global economic crisis Climatechnge Many people wounded for military troops mort hen 98 000 Each every body leaving 60 to 80 year life only Effected FDI investor . Thing good do good Economy improve three way No 1 free birds meaning open immigration to all country No 2 open business policy according global law No 3 all country same currency CNN WORLD report, in the war 6, 75,000 civilians killed, 7500 troops of USA and its allied forces killed 3 25 000 people wounded and $ 3.5 Trillion Dollar spent for the war. This spending of $ 3.5 Trillion Dollar is the main cause of action for the present economic crises prevailing all over the world. After winning the war against IRAQ, the United States of America’s President Mr. George W.Bush, also admitted the same fact, and he openly stated that the Intelligence agency misguided him. Later on, even the United Nations Organization (UNO) also certified that the IRAQ has no nuclear weapons. m.s.mohamed ansari International chamber of commerce life member World peace prayer society life member USA parliament org economic adviser July 10, 2012 at 1:55 am | Log in to Reply PAUL July 11, 2012 at 9:20 pm | Log in to Reply . I am fourth generation mormon and my family has always tried to live the teachings of Jesus Christ. There have been no divorces for 4 generations. We are not rich, but I would say prosperous with no unemployment. Some of the 5th generation have diverged from the gospel and among those divorce, unemployment, drugs, and general unhappiness and misery is rampant. I can see in my own family the fruits of the gospel of Jesus Christ. I am not saying the mormon religion is the only church that teaches the gospel. I am sure that there are families among other religions that have experienced the same fruits, but I am saying that the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints does teach the gospel of Jesus Christ and anyone who adheres to those teachings will see fruits of happiness, prosperity, peace and very probably good health as a result. July 8, 2012 at 10:18 am | Log in to Reply waitasec "I am fourth generation mormon and my family has always tried to live the teachings of Jesus Christ." sorry to hear that October 1, 2012 at 3:49 pm | Log in to Reply thatsnice wait a sec whats wrong with trying to live like Christ? October 1, 2012 at 8:23 pm | Log in to Reply . Shep, we don't boss women around in Utah. Usually, it is the other way around. Maybe you and your wife should come to an LDS ward and find out what equality really is. July 4, 2012 at 4:02 pm | Log in to Reply shep if Romney is elected, do we all get a Mormon harem? Cuz I'd be super into that... and the women would have to let us boss them around, just like in Utah, right? July 2, 2012 at 6:08 pm | Log in to Reply « Previous Next entry »Across country, black pastors weigh in on Obama's same-sex marriage support « Previous entryText of Mitt Romney's commencement address at Liberty University About this blog

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religion.blogs.cnn.com

76ers 97, Knicks 80 PHILADELPHIA -- Jrue Holiday celebrated his first All-Star selection by scoring a career-high 35 points Saturday night as the Philadelphia 76ers routed the New York Knicks 97-80. The fourth-year point guard, named an Eastern Conference reserve Thursday, made 16 of 25 shots from the floor and had six assists and five rebounds, helping the Sixers (18-25) snap a two-game losing streak. Philadelphia also avenged two blowout losses to the Atlantic Division-leading Knicks early in the season. Nick Young and Evan Turner had 20 points apiece for the Sixers, who began the night averaging 93.2 points per game, third worst in the league. But they breezed to a 29-point lead late in the third quarter and were never threatened thereafter. They shot 50.7 percent from the floor. About the only thing that went awry for the Sixers was the departure of coach Doug Collins in the second half to undergo a dental examination. Collins lost a tooth before the game. Carmelo Anthony had 25 points to pace New York (26-15). But Anthony, the league's third-leading scorer at 29 points per game, made just 9 of 29 shots from the floor. The Knicks shot 34.8 percent as a team and missed 23 of 27 3-point attempts. They began the night fourth in the league in 3-point accuracy. Amare Stoudemire added 20 points for the Knicks. Knicks point guard Raymond Felton, making his first appearance after missing 12 games with a broken finger, made just 2 of 8 shots from the field and finished with eight points and three assists. The Sixers outscored the Knicks 29-12 in the first 10:32 of the third quarter to extend a 53-41 halftime lead to 82-53. Thaddeus Young had 14 points and Holiday 10 in that stretch. Holiday scored 19 points in the first half, when the Sixers shot 56.1 percent from the field to take a 53-41 lead. Anthony and Stoudemire had 14 and 12 points, respectively, for the Knicks, who shot just 35.7 percent from the field and missed 12 of their 15 3-point attempts. NOTES: Spencer Hawes and Nick Young started at center and guard for the Sixers, respectively. It was Hawes' first start of the season and Young's fourth, as Collins sought to find a way to improve his team's first-quarter performance. "We've won 10 first quarters all year out of 42, which is second worst in the NBA," he said. "We're 10-1 when we've won or tied the first quarter. ... Last year, we used to come out strong and get the defense set. That's not been the case this year." The Sixers got out to an early 12-2 lead and were up 24-19 after a quarter. ... Knicks coach Mike Woodson was asked about his players accepting revised roles, now that Felton, Stoudemire and Iman Shumpert have returned from injuries. "They don't have a choice," Woodson said. "You either accept your role or you don't play." ... Woodson does not plan to play Shumpert more than 30 minutes a game. ... Sixers guard Jason Richardson missed his third straight game with a sore left knee. ... Collins was delayed in addressing reporters before the game when he lost a tooth. "The other guy's in trouble," he joked. ... Collins drew a technical foul with 3:32 left in the first quarter, arguing an illegal-screen call against Lavoy Allen.BasketballSports & RecreationSixersJrue HolidayNick YoungAmare Stoudemire

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/635

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sports.yahoo.com

Padres' Volquez barely misses a no-hitter Right-hander Edinson Volquez pitched the 26th one-hitter in San Diego Padres history at Petco Park on Thursday night, coming within one tough play of throwing the franchise's first no-hitter. Matt Downs got the Houston Astros' only hit --an infield single -- with two outs in the fourth. He beat out a ball topped to the right of Volquez. The pitcher fielded the ball but had no throw on Downs. "I don't want to talk about that play," Volquez joked. "I'm going to have defensive drills tomorrow. I have to make that play." Volquez retired 15 of 16 last hitters he faced to record the first complete game of his career, the Padres winning 1-0. In addition to the one hit, Volquez, 29, issued three walks and had five strikeouts. He threw 117 pitches, 75 going for strikes. It was the fifth 1-0 one-hitter in Padres history, and San Diego's first one-hitter since Mat Latos had one at San Francisco on May 13, 2010. That was also the most recent 1-0, one-hit win. Thursday night's gem was also the third complete-game shutout by a Padres pitcher at Petco Park and the first since Jake Peavy blanked the Astros on Aug. 23, 2005. Volquez is the first Padre to pitch a one-hit shutout at home since Andy Benes on July 3, 1994, at Qualcomm Stadium. Volquez faced three hitters over the minimum in a game that almost featured a triple play by the Padres. Justin Maxwell's line drive was snagged by a leaping second baseman Logan Forsythe. J.D. Martinez was doubled off second base, but Matt Downs was barely safe back at first.Edinson VolquezHouston AstrosMatt Downs

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sports.yahoo.com

Week 16 pickups A look at the best players to boost your fantasy roster in Week 16. Craig Sager describes Hank Aaron's 715th home run from his unique perspective The Turner Sports sideline reporter was a 22-year-old fresh out of Northwestern when he scored the interview of a lifetime. The man known for his colorful wardrobe was the first media member to talk to Hank Aaron after Aaron broke Babe Ruth's all-time home run record.

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/637

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sports.yahoo.com

Nordstrom Acquires Flash Sales Site HauteLook For $270 Million Posted Feb 17, 2011 by Leena Rao (@leenarao) Why Can't Tablet Makers Just Freaking Ship? In one of the larger exits so far in the flash sales business, retail chain Nordstrom has acquired flash sales site HauteLookfor $180 million in Nordstrom stock and three-year earn-out of up to $90 million. HauteLook has raised $41 million in funding. Thanks to the immense popularity of members-only, online sample sales, HauteLook has grown to 4 million members since launching in 2007. The site offers massively discounted sale events in women’s fashion, men’s fashion, accessories, kids’ clothing and toys, travel and home and beauty. The basic idea behind the flash sales model is this: designers ad retailers, such as Marc Jacobs or Versace, place excess inventory on a sale site at 50 to 70 percent discounts over a several day period. The sales are private, available only to members, with upcoming sales from brands announced via emails. You can get invites from other members or request invites via the site. The flash sales space is definitely competitive; and the amount that HauteLook sold for isn’t entirely surprising. Two years ago GSI Commerce bought RueLaLa in a deal valued at $350 million. Gilt Groupe, has been raising huge amounts of money, growing its user base at a rapid pace and turning a strong profit. In December, Gilt raised another $15 million, bringing the company’s total funding to nearly $100 million. At one point Gilt was valued at $400 million but that number has surely increased over the past year. And an IPO could be in the near future. One Kings Lane, has also recently raised a large amount of money and is growing like a weed. And there are a number of independent players like Ideeli, BeyondTheRack and others who are still growing at a fast clip. The concept has even attracted retail giants like eBay, Saks and Neiman Marcus, which are now jumping on the bandwagon to offer their own private sales, a market which Nordstrom clearly wants to enter the space. I wouldn’t be surprised if other larger retailers snap up niche, smaller flash sales sites over the next few years. Backstage With Kevin Ryan hautelook gilt groupe Popular Posts

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techcrunch.com

Edit Tag Video How Harvey Mudd Transformed Its Computer Science Program — And Nearly Closed Its Gender Gap Oct 10, 2013 by Colleen Taylor Harvey Mudd is known as one of the most elite science, engineering and mathematics colleges in the world. But historically, its computer science department hasn't exactly been known as a paragon of gender diversity -- in 2006, only 10 percent of Harvey Mudd's computer science majors were female. But under Dr. Maria Klawe, the renowned computer scientist (and Microsoft board member) who joined… Read More

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techcrunch.com

PTA Took From Unused ‘There Will Be Blood’ Scenes For ‘The Master’; Further Downplays Scientology Angle Posted by Nick Newman, on August 20, 2012 at 3:47 pm When there’s enough controversy, enough rumors, and plenty of reason to take either as fact, you sometimes just accept. Such is the case with The Master and its reportedly harsh-on-Scientology bent, which most of us have, for years, bought because we (probably) didn’t have any resources to acquire Paul Thomas Anderson‘s screenplay. And when you, again, hear a whole lot and always have “anonymous sources” backing up as much? It’s really all part of the fun. But people, such as our own, have started to see the film and, any of their opinions notwithstanding, it’s pretty evident that The Master is not just “about more than Scientology,” but isn’t even really about that in the first place. Some don’t even appear to know what the thing’s about at all. Count your lucky stars that a Newsweek profile sees the modern American master speak out on his new epic, even in the most in-depth manner yet. To be perfectly frank: I kind of wish I had skimmed this a bit more when first giving a gander, as the report — a pretty excellent one, in all fairness — shares details on sequences, characters, and whatnot that I might have been better off not knowing beforehand. Such is the risk of my life. So, let’s get right to the essentials. First, Anderson did admit that Philip Seymour Hoffman‘s titular character, Lancaster Dodd, is inspired by L. Ron Hubbard — no surprise there — though that could really be as far as it goes. Their story warns that Scientologists probably won’t be thrilled with what The Master presents, yet the director’s typical themes of fractured protagonists and “families” take over; the main idea, of civilizing a scarred being, is said to actually bring A Clockwork Orange . If anything, he’s now found himself “much more defensive and protective of [Scientology] than I would have thought.” Although Kubrick isn’t such a bad place to get your inspiration from — i.e., if such a thematic crossover is even intentional — some of Anderson‘s prior work even comes back around in unexpected ways. Read this little section for an idea: “Anderson gathered pieces for his movie from disparate sources. There were scenes he’d written early on for There Will Be Blood he’d never used. There were stories Jason Robards had told him on the set of Magnolia about his drinking days in the Navy during the war. Chunks of Freddie’s experiences as a migrant field worker and wanderer were lifted from John Steinbeck’s life story.” Although the Of Mice and Men author doesn’t exactly connect, save for the California roots of either artist, it’s fascinating to consider how his last and soon-to-be-current pictures have any sort of crossovers. Sadly, that needs to be saved for another time: when I see it. Then, that discussion should be a good time. The Master will open on September 14th. Do you think Anderson and Scientology need not be enemies? What are your thoughts on these connections to his prior work? Tags: Paul Thomas Anderson, The Master Please enable JavaScript to view the comments powered by Disqus.

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thefilmstage.com

Home | Blogs | Blog Briefing Room | News Blog Briefing Roomicon Blog Briefing Room feed December 15, 2013, 11:15 am Kerry expects quick resumption of Syrian aid By Kyle Balluck Secretary of State John Kerry on Sunday said he expects the resumption of non-lethal aid to Syrian rebels, suspended last week following the seizure of a warehouse by Islamists, to resume very quickly.“Nobody wants to just build a warehouse up again and have it taken over again. That doesn’t make sense. So we need to make sure of where we’re going,” Kerry said on ABC’s “This Week."ADVERTISEMENT“We have a massive humanitarian crisis. ... You know, look, these things are complicated,” he said.“How do you go in and get the humanitarian assistance if the Assad regime is preventing it from happening? No one on America wants to put American troops on the ground. We could get the food in there very quickly if we did that. But that choice isn’t available," he added."And no one really wants to go to war in Syria because it’s a huge sectarian, you know, mess, with all kinds of implications. So you have to work with the tools that you have that are permissible.”Kerry blamed the warehouse takeover on infighting within the opposition, which may be fueled by Syria’s president.“And this is the nature of the beast that has been unleashed by Bashar Al-Assad, who probably is feeding some of it himself, because he likes to try to play the card that he is the better alternative to these extremists,” he said.The secretary of State on Sunday also held out hope that the moderate opposition in Syrian can be reunited.“And we’ve had conversations constantly — I’ve talked this week with foreign ministers in the region. We’re working — there’s a meeting that’s going to take place, I think next week. People will be coming together,” he said.“We are aiming toward the Geneva 2 Conference, which will take place in January, in the latter part of January,” Kerry added. “We are committed to try to bring people together, a strong representation of the opposition together with the Assad regime representatives and with maybe 30 or so other countries and all try to work in the same direction, which is to get a political settlement out of Syria.”“It’s hard, but that’s the only way you’re ever going to end the fighting and establish some kind of a governance structure that builds a future for the Syrian people.” Tags: Syria, John Kerry Tweet Previous Story Politics cited in regulatory delays Next Story Ryan: Watch for GOP tax reform More in Middle East/North Africa Kerry names new special envoy to Syria

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thehill.com

May 14, 2013 11:04 AM PDT PETER GADIOT, SOPHIE LOWE

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/707

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tvline.com

Playfish excels with quality cross-platform games Eric Eldon 0 In the dimly-lit world of social networking applications, companies tend to privately trash each other — often quite accurately. You hear things like “so-and-so always sends spammy invites” or “so-and-so has a suspect means of making money.” Social game developer Playfish is one of the few big app companies that is universally praised by its peers. It has only built a few gaming applications, but it focuses on quality — nurturing each of its seven apps into long-running, profitable titles. Now, like competitors including Zynga and SGN, it is expanding by pushing these games to mobile platforms, driving adoption through its existing popularity on Facebook. It has successfully launched a few apps on the iPhone in recent months, using new Facebook data-sharing service Connect for the iPhone so friends can play games on the iPhone against friends on Facebook’s web site. And, a couple weeks ago, it got an early start building for the still-young Android mobile platform, launching its an app for playing popular Who Has The Biggest Brain quiz game. Playfish has ported games that only focus on core social features; it can immediately tie those features back in to its social networking apps. This is in contrast to SGN, which has focused on building games around mobile-specific features, like iGolf where you use the iPhone’s accelerometer to swing and hit virtual golf balls, and is only more recently tying those games to social networks. On the iPhone, Playfish has seen over 90 percent of players use Facebook Connect to play with their Facebook friends, chief operating officer Sebastian de Halleux. Its social strategy could be great for Android, too. Not many people have Android devices right now, but Playfish’s games will be social anyway because users can play against their friends back on Facebook. Playfish went out of its way to do this, by building its own version of Facebook Connect — Facebook itself hasn’t launched Connect for Android yet. Syncing an empire You can see how Playfish’s mobile plans fit into its overall vision for social gaming. “Suddenly, through social networking platforms, building games is less about hit creation and more about intellectual property creation, and nurturing titles,” de Halleux tells me. First, you build a game that people love, then you figure out how to iterate on it to keep it popular, and make money from it. Founded in October of 2007 by veterans of mobile game developer Glu Mobile, Playfish has been following this vision for years. Its first game, Who Has The Biggest Brain, launched that December. This is more than half a year after Facebook’s developer platform launched. The company’s successful late start is a testament to its game quality. Most other companies that are big on Facebook today saw key growth in the first few months of the platform, before Facebook implemented heavy restrictions on “viral channels” such as how many app notifications users can send to friends, or how frequently app activity might appear in users’ “news feed” homepages. Playfish, in fact, has made a point of not trying to get viral growth, de Halleux tells me — its games tend to de-emphasize activities like inviting all of your friends, and instead try to make the games themselves so fun that users want to invite their friends to share the experience. In Who Has the Biggest Brain, an app that today has more than three million monthly active users on Facebook alone, you can start playing its brain teasers, get some practice in, then challenge your friends to answer questions. In total, Playfish has some 30 million monthly active users, most of whom are on Facebook. While most rivals try out dozens of games, hoping for a hit here or there, Playfish has launched just seven games since it began in the fall of 2007, and all have made the top ten list on Facebook’s platform. What about money? Playfish is “very profitable,” de Halleux de tells me, although he wouldn’t confirm an estimate I’d previously heard — that the company is set to make total revenues of $30 million this year. However, he did say almost all revenue was from direct payments for virtual goods and subscriptions, with a few, high-quality advertising-based offers within games through a company called TrialPay. As opposed to many games, Playfish avoids running the scammier ones — such as free ringtone ads that trick users into paying monthly subscriptions. The company is skeptical of the long-term value in some types of offers, and is focusing those that have some sort of clear value to the user, such a coupon for an in-store clothing purchase. Everything at the company is about building a long-term business. As social networking and mobile platforms continue to merge with each other, and refine their features, expect Playfish to slowly continue expanding its line of titles — and more quickly expand its number of users and revenue. Case in point: Apple plans to introduce mobile payments for iPhone app developers this summer. This will allow Playfish to bring its existing payments-driven features to its iPhone games, and quickly begin making more money. The London-based company has raised $21 million from angel investors, Accel Partners and Index Ventures.

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/723

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venturebeat.com

GamesBeat Glu Mobile chief says Google Glass could trigger another ‘iPhone moment’ for gaming (interview) Above: Glu Mobile CEO Niccolo de Masi and Sourabh Ahuja, head of Glass development at Glu, show off Spellista.Image Credit: Dean Takahashi November 27, 2013 8:00 AM 0 Stepping into unknown territory, mobile game developer Glu Mobile announced last week that it had developed a word game, Spellista, for the Google Glass wearable device. From Google’s perspective, games could be crucial to the future of Glass as games often become the biggest moneymaker on any new digital platform. Once the price of Glass comes down and apps such as games proliferate, the platform could in turn become an important market for game companies. At least that’s what Glu is betting on. Above: Spellista snowImage Credit: Glu Niccolo de Masi, the chief executive of the publicly traded San Francisco company, talked with us about it alongside Sourabh Ahuja, the vice president of Glass development at Glu, to give us a full picture of the game. The company worked closely with Google as a top Glass developer to create the game for the Google Glass GDK beta program. In our interview, de Masi said he believes Glass may deliver “an iPhone moment” in terms of big changes for gaming that are as significant as the introduction of the original iPhone in 2007. The title may never make money. But it is an experiment worth trying as mobile game companies like Glu are always looking for a new frontier and a chance to steal an advantage on rivals. Glu is riding high off of its Deer Hunter 2014 title today, one of the rare action-shooter games that has been successful on mobile devices. While such games can generate $50 million a year for Glu, experimenting in the unknown remains critical. Let’s find out why in the edited interview transcript that follows. GamesBeat: Could you give me a picture of where Glu Mobile is now? Niccolo de Masi: Well, some exciting news on that front. We did our Q3 earnings a couple of weeks ago, and we’ve guided Q4 2013 to be the largest, by revenue and by profitability, in our 12-year history. We’re very pleased with the fact that Deer Hunter 2014, which launched in September, is on track to be our best performing game in history. We’re also pleased that for the fourth year in a row now, we’ve shipped the biggest grossing action shooter of the year on the mobile platforms. I’d argue we have a 50 percent market share of that genre, whether it’s with Deer Hunter, Frontline Commando, Contract Killer, and so on. Big things in store for Glu in 2014. We’ve guided to 20 percent growth year on year, at least. We’ve guided to break even or profitable. The new management team we focused on bringing in over the past year has begun to make a positive impact on our ability to not only improve average revenue per daily active user (ARPDAU) on our games, but also things like retention. We’ve made the right investments in the last year. We’re doing a good job on talent attraction these days. Above: Deer Hunter 2014Image Credit: Glu GB: I never would have predicted a revival for Deer Hunter — once a big PC game hit — on mobile. de Masi: Remember, though, that Deer Hunter 2012 – Deer Hunter Reloaded – was, I would posit, the biggest grossing shooter of last year. That one surprised everyone too. This one is even bigger. It’s been hanging out in the top-grossing for considerably longer than the first one. The market’s bigger now. This phenomenon is happening across the app stores. The market is doubling every year, but the top 10 games are getting bigger at an even faster rate. We went from 2010, where a $10 million new game like Gun Bros was a big game, to today, where it’s a $50 million game if you’re in the same grossing position. That’s been helpful for a company like Glu that’s invested a lot of time in original IP franchises and trying to build barriers to entry around the stuff we’re really good at. I would say that in the last four years, the stuff we’re good at has been action games and Android. GB: Tell us about Glass. de Masi: We’ve been a big partner with Google for six or seven years. We were the first company to build Android games in 2008, 2009. We have a board member in common with Google. We’ve consistently been the pioneer for every new technology enhancement, evolution, refinement — whether it’s hardware or software – that they’ve brought out. Glass is very much an extension of that. We think there’s room for this to be a phone replacer in the long term. We always want to be early to things we believe can go somewhere. We think there’s room for the price point to come down and drive interesting adoption of this long term, especially when you think about Moore’s Law and the reduction of form factors. It’s a brand new paradigm for interactivity, so it’s a brand new paradigm for games. If you haven’t seen the game, you have to try it out. It’s voice commands and head movements, rather than using your thumbs. We’re pretty pleased with the ability to innovate with new technology protocols and the new GDK that we’ve helped them establish. Our game is taking more advantage of everything that Glass can do than all the other apps that were demo’d there. It’s significantly more advanced in its use of the technology. We’re innovating in ways like the ability to send levels from Glass to Glass, and the ability to not only play the game, but also construct levels in the game. Above: Google’s Sergey Brin is an early investor in 23andme GB: So if Android took four or five years to pay off, are you expecting something similar around Glass? de Masi: Android started paying off in 2011. They brought in-app purchasing in March 2011, I think? We were the first doing that too. So that’s a fair statement. I guess we were three years earlier on that one. Sourabh Ahuja: It’s wearables in general. The watches are starting to pick up – the Samsung, the Pebble. The wearables double up on your battery life, so it works both ways. We have delivered three innovations here. We have a voice tutorial, peer-to-peer messaging, and user-generated content. You can create your own levels. Once people get the hang of it, they just want to keep going. It’s fun. You start getting the words. Initially you think, “Uh, what am I doing?” But then it sticks. de Masi: The game is built for one- or two-minute sessions. Wherever you are, you can say, “OK Glass, play a game.” We’re the only game in the store. Ahuja: We did a lot of brainstorming with Google in the beginning. Google wants this device to be something that’s not in your way, that takes away your focus for a maximum of one or two minutes. It gets you what you need and you’re back to what you’re doing. It’s the same way with the game. It’s not supposed to be a really involved experience for 10 minutes at a time. We shipped with nine pre-set levels, and then you can create as many levels as you want, by taking a picture and speaking words associated with it. You can make them public or private. They all go to spellista.google.com. I can log in with my Google account right now, browse the public levels created by the community, and send them to myself. You can create them on your device as well. Then you can log in to the website and send it to a friend or to a Glass device. Say you want to wish somebody a happy birthday. You just take a picture of a cake, you say your statement to the other person, and it goes to them as an encoded message. If you’re playing and you don’t get a word for 30 seconds, a little gift box drops. You can catch the box and it will just put the word right there in front of you. Or you can tap to skip a word and move on to the next one. We didn’t try to build any competition into this game. It’s just fun and engaging with your friends. It’s more focused on socializing than competing for the best time. We wanted to encourage user-generated content. It’s amazing how that lets us scale the game. We don’t have to have artists constantly making new levels. We ship with those nine levels, and now all of a sudden, on spellista.google.com, even if you’re not a Glass user, you can create levels and send them to your friends who are Glass users. Just sign in with your Google account. You can have up to five levels per account stored on our servers – edit them, add words, change images, and send them to your friends. You almost have picture messaging, except the fun part is that the message doesn’t just show up. You have to decode the message. View All 1 2 3 Glu Mobile Topics > Apple Deer Hunter 2014 game interviews game news Glu Mobile Google Niccolo de Masi Sourabh Ahuja Spellista top-stories blog comments powered by Disqus

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/724

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venturebeat.com

2 Americans, 1 Swede share Crafoord science prize Posted at: 01/17/2013 5:37 AM By: Tweet (AP) STOCKHOLM - Two Americans and a Swede have won this year’s Crafoord Prize, a 4 million kronor ($600,000) scientific award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences to honor achievements not always covered by its more famous Nobel Prizes. Peter Gregersen of the Feinstein Institute for Medical Research near New York, Robert Winchester of Columbia University and Lars Klareskog of Stockholm’s Karolinska institute were cited for discoveries related to rheumatoid arthritis. The academy said Thursday that the three scientists, who will share the award, "contributed to a basic understanding of how the most common and serious form of rheumatoid arthritis develops." Named after Holger Crafoord, the Swede who designed the first artificial kidney, the award has been given annually since 1982. (Copyright 2013 by The Associated Press. All Rights Reserved.)

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/773

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wnyt.com

The World Cup and child-sex exploitation With the World Cup months away, rights groups are warning tourists to stay away from young sex workers. Jo Griffin Last updated: 06 Feb 2014 08:12 Social activists are kicking off a campaign to highlight child prostitution ahead of the World Cup in June [AP] Fortaleza, Brazil - If last year's Confederations Cup was a warm-up for the World Cup in Brazil, it was also a practice run for those working to protect children from sexual exploitation during the FIFA event. And there's a good reason to dread the start of the football championship in June judging by last year's tournament, say officials and frontline workers in the northeastern city of Fortaleza, which will host six World Cup matches. "We are worried about the World Cup. It is a very big event and lots of people will be coming to Fortaleza from outside," says Leana Regia Faiva de Souza, from the Secretariat of Human Rights in the state of Ceara, which is coordinating an initiative to prevent child-sex exploitation. In many areas [of Brazil], the population does not regard it as a crime... but in Fortaleza we have a strong history of campaigns to protect children. - Leana Regia Faiva de Souza, Secretariat of Human Rights "We plan to use the strategy that we used during the Confederations Cup, doubling the number of outreach workers on the streets and doubling the shelter service. Two independent secretariats will monitor this work," de Souza says. According to the NGO National Forum for the Prevention of Child Labour, there were about 500,000 child sex workers in Brazil in 2012. Acknowledging that Fortaleza has a reputation inside Brazil and abroad for child prostitution, de Souza says the steep rise in complaints, or denuncias, of sexual exploitation reflects the success of regional authorities in raising awareness that this is a criminal act. Figures from the human rights secretariat show complaints rose from 193 in 2009 to 2,122 in 2012 in Fortaleza. "Fortaleza has the highest number of complaints in all Brazil so people think there is a lot of sexual exploitation here. But what this also means is that people here are very aware that this is a crime," says de Souza. "In many areas [of Brazil], the population does not regard it as a crime and fail to see that sexual relationships with adolescents between 12-18 have to do with power and economic factors as well, but in Fortaleza we have a strong history of campaigns to protect children." As a coastal area with all-year summer weather and high levels of poverty, Fortaleza certainly has the chief characteristics associated with sex tourism, but disentangling media hyperbole from the reality about the numbers of children involved is complex. What is certain is that frontline workers have been seeing more children working as prostitutes as the city has attracted more tourists - Brazilians and foreigners. "We have been seeing more underage girls on the streets," says Jacinta Rodriguez, who is with a team of outreach workers from the non-profit organisation Barraca da Amizade, who are driving around the red-light district near the newly built football stadium - the Arena Castelao - in search of young prostitutes. "For many, they do it for the money to support their families." On their rounds tonight, Rodriguez and her co-workers spot a new girl with a group of prostitutes waiting at the corner of Juscelino Kubitschek Avenue. Wearing a tight blue vest and tiny shorts, "Andressa" says she is 17, but looks several years younger. The Arena Castelao in Fortaleza has a red-light district nearby [EPA] One of the older prostitutes tells her to go to the window of a car to negotiate a programa - on average costing 30 Brazilian reals ($12) - with the driver and his companion. This time, the deal is unsuccessful and she returns to the group. Asked about the World Cup, "Giovanna" says the work "will be non-stop". "The girls lie to us about their age," says Rodriguez, adding that the organisation regularly sees a 13-year-old girl who works as a prostitute to support her baby. The NGO hands out condoms and advice, urging girls to come to their centre for classes and to arrange a medical check-up - perhaps even help to leave the streets. But they must contend with parents who sometimes send their daughters there to make money. Young girls are most in demand, says Rodriguez, adding "by the time they are 20, many are finished". 'It's a penalty' In a bid to tackle the sexual exploitation of children during the World Cup which begins on June 12, the UK-based Happy Child organisation launched an "It's A Penalty" campaign to raise awareness and warn football fans who travel to Brazil that they face prosecution if they engage in sex with a child aged 17 or under. The campaign has the backing of law enforcement agencies in the United Kingdom and Brazil, as well as prominent international footballers including Brazil's David Luiz and England's Frank Lampard. Campaigners acknowledge that some football fans and tourists may be duped into having sex with adolescents. "Teenagers may dress up to look older and say they are older. They may be encouraged by friends who say that this relationship with a foreigner is the way to a better life," says Anna Flora Werneck, a programme coordinator with Sao Paulo-based Childhood Brazil, which campaigns against child sex exploitation. We had reports of police beating up the prostitutes to keep them away from tourists and visitors [during the Confederations Cup]. We need to be better prepared for the World Cup. I am not looking forward to it. - Jacinta Rodriguez, Barraca da Amizade NGO Werneck points out the efforts to tackle child sexual exploitation must focus on Brazilians, as well as foreigners. Research by the human rights secretariat in Ceara has shown that violations occur in non-tourist areas as well as those popular among visitors, according to de Souza. "Brazil has very strong laws to protect children, but what we need to do is to make citizens responsible and ensure that they recognise this is a criminal act," Werneck says. FIFA support But she admits the World Cup holds particular risks. "We are looking for a better relationship with FIFA - positive actions by FIFA - to integrate the sporting activities with educational and other activities." For the Street Child World Cup organisation, which will hold a tournament for 230 street children from 19 countries in Rio de Janeiro before the FIFA event, increasing the visibility of street children and the dangers they face is vital to minimising risks of sexual exploitation. "Research has shown that street children are at particular risk," says organiser Joe Hewitt. "Our aim is to shift the focus to protecting the rights of this vulnerable group." On the frontlines, however, Rodriguez says experience has taught her that the problem of child sexual exploitation in Fortaleza goes to the core of the tourism industry, which she says relies on a "mafia" of taxi drivers, hoteliers and bar-keepers, and where the involvement of some police may increase risks for sex workers. "We had reports of police beating up the prostitutes to keep them away from tourists and visitors [during the Confederations Cup]," says Rodriguez. "We need to be better prepared for the World Cup. I am not looking forward to it." Jacinta Rodriguez Anna Flora Werneck Faiva de Souza Barraca da Amizade Leana Regia Faiva de Souza Joe Hewitt Leana Regia Secretariat of Human Rights Barraca Street Child World Cup organisation Will India's Mayawati hold on to Dalit votes?

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/833

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Select your phone ACWhy do carriers suck so much? - Talk Mobile Presented by Blackberry Talk Mobile Carriers Why do carriers suck so much? Cellular carriers are strange entities. They offer devices that in the grand scheme aren't that expensive for what they are, but yet have customers conditioned to expect them to be much cheaper and not think about the long-term cost. They built empires around multi-year contracts, but in an age where mobile technology was advancing at a rate that was positively lethargic compared to today. They fell into a routine, picking up the old habits, policies, and mindsets of the landline era. The largest carriers are merely permutations of the old wireline telecoms - AT&T and Verizon can both trace their lineage back to the old AT&T monopoly, Sprint began life as the Brown Telephone Company in 1899, T-Mobile comes from the post-World War II German post office, and so on. So is it history that explains why cellular carriers are lumped in with banks, airlines, and the cable provider as the most hated of companies? Or is it something else in how they do business? Do they really suck that much, or is it all in our heads? Let's get the conversation started! by Rene Ritchie, Daniel Rubino, Kevin Michaluk, Phil Nickinson 01 Rene Ritchie Carriers and the ease of a contract culture 02 Phil Nickinson Carrier subsidies: 'save' upfront, pay later 03 Kevin Michaluk The smartphone is the new dumbphone 04 Daniel Rubino Don’t give me more carriers - give me better ones Carrier headaches Articles navigation Video: Derek Kessler Dumbphones Video: Alex Dobie Carrier contracts exist so that North Americans and Europeans can think they’re getting cheap phones, and telecommunications companies can ensure they have ongoing revenue. It feels entirely disingenuous to say it’s a win-win deal, because it isn’t, but it’s not really lose-lose either. So let’s just call it mutually assured status-quo. I've said it before and I'll say it again: we don’t want to pay $600 or more for a new phone if there's an option to pay "less". Hell, many of us don’t even want to pay $200 for a heavily-subsidized, brand new, flagship phone. We want it for free, even though deep in our hearts we know nothing is really free. And we definitely don't want to do the math. Let’s just call it mutually assured status-quo. So, contracts. The carrier agrees to give us an expensive phone up front at a cheap price or even for free and we agree to pay them each month, every month, for years, both for the service and to pay off the phone. It’s not like this everywhere, of course. Some places don’t have the contract culture. You buy your phone, full price, flat out, and then pay monthly for your service. Sure, you pay a lot of money all at once, but then you’re free to switch carriers on a monthly basis if you like and presumably can take the phone with you. The AT&T of today can trace its lineage back more than a century to the formation of the Bell Telephone Company in 1877. For much of its history AT&T was primarily a wireline company and eventually became the dominant phone service company in the United States, holding a government-authorized monopoly over a number of subsidiaries across the nation - the Bell System. Ma Bell, as AT&T's monopoly came to be nicknamed, was broken up in 1984 by US regulators. AT&T split its regional subsidiaries up into individual companies, including Ameritech, Bell Atlantic (which went on to become , BellSouth, NYNEX, Pacific Telesis, Southwestern Bell, and US West, while keeping long distance service as AT&T. Southwestern Bell was the smallest of the "baby Bells", but through rapid growth and acquisitions SBC became large to purchase its former parent AT&T in 2005 for $16 billion. At the time, SBC and BellSouth co-operated the Cingular cellular network. Despite the larger size of Cingular and SBC, the merged companies adopted the more recognizable AT&T branding. The new AT&T snapped up BellSouth in 2006, and today owns half of the old Bell System companies. AT&T today operates a nationwide wireless network, landline service, and a fiber internet and TV service. Some countries (like Germany) have a hybrid model where the phone is paid off with monthly installments, but unlike with a standard contract, the cost is split up into 24 months and once it's paid off the phone charges end while the service charges continue. Both of these models makes a ton of sense in a place like Europe where traveling between many countries and many carriers is far easier, closer, and more likely than in the North America. On the carrier side, because of the size of North America, and because you can count the number of countries on half a hand, they have to cover a huge area with wildly varying population densities. Two-year contracts mean they have a reliable way of predicting revenues and planning expenditures to both fill their pockets and improve their networks. And they don’t have to worry about competing month-to-month. So far, it appears to be a mutually beneficial co-dependence that almost everyone involved is terrified to break. So, contracts. Talk Mobile Survey: The state of mobile clouds Carrier subsidies aren’t going anywhere anytime soon. They might change names — T-Mobile now has “down payments,” but make no mistake, smartphones don’t cost $299. Or $199. Or $99. Pay now, or pay later, or pay over 24 months. But one way or another, you’re going to pay. This isn’t new, of course. It used to be simple. We used to pay a little (relatively) up front — $99 or $199 or $199 or sometimes even free — and then you’d pay for the phone over the life of your two-year contract. Most subsidies are paid off in around 20 months, problem is most contracts don't have a line that says that your monthly payment goes down after the subsidy's been covered. because it doesn't. Steve says you can’t see it In 2007, Apple introduced the iPhone. While the iPhone was far from the first smartphone, it was the first that capture mass attention. The iPhone launched on June 29, exclusively on AT&T in the United States. Again, this wasn't the first exclusive carrier arrangement, but it was the first to capture mass attention. What made the iPhone's launch particularly interesting - beyond all the hype - was the relationship between Apple and AT&T. After having been spurned by Verizon, Apple approached AT&T (then Cingular) to carry the then-secret iPhone. And they had to agree to it without testing, or even seeing, the device. The entire deal is said to have taken close to 18 months to negotiate. The Apple-AT&T arrangement was made even more unusual thanks to a revenue-sharing model between the two. While the details have never been confirmed, Apple is said to have received approximately $10 per month per iPhone customer. Apple also wholly responsible for the iPhone's marketing. AT&T held the US exclusive on the iPhone until late 2010 when Apple introduced a Verizon-compatible version of the iPhone 4. Today things are getting really messy. The operators are giving you options to upgrade early — but tucking in even more ways to squeeze even more dollars out of you. That it's all about money shouldn't be a surprise at this point. It’s become even more important to take your time, do your homework, and crunch the numbers. The subsidy model was simple. Perhaps too simple, but that was the point. Only $99 right now for a really good phone? Sign us up! We’ve all done it. But it needs to stop. We’re smarter than this. The subsidy model was simple. Perhaps too simple. What’s the most you’ll pay upfront for a smartphone? There is a way out. First off, you can pay full price for a phone and be free and clear of any operator shenanigans. That’s tough on the wallet, though. With most carriers you'll have the option to purchase service without a contract, though there's no promise that you'll have a lower rate because there's no subsidy involved. In fact, you probably won't. Android fans probably have the best deal, though, with devices Google’s low-cost Nexus 4 starting at $299. That’s out the door, SIM-unlocked. Use it on any GSM network you want. You can get it in any flavor you want, so long as it’s Android. Much of the world doesn’t subject itself to this sort of mathematical torture. You buy the phone and pay your plan. It doesn't matter how much the subsidy is, because it's easy. Is it time for North America to get away from the subsidy model? Absolutely. And the carriers will fight to their very last breath to keep you from doing it. I don't like giving carriers free money, and neither should you. - Derek Kessler / Managing Editor, Mobile Nations If you could pay up front for a smartphone and less monthly, would you? Kevin Michaluk There was a time, not that long ago, where the only way you could get an acceptably good experience from a smartphone was to buy the top-of-the-line model. You needed the power of a high-end processor and gobs of RAM to get anything done without stutter and lag and the general unpleasantness that comes from using an underpowered device. In the past two years, that has changed. You'll still get the fastest, smoothest, bestest experience using the highest-end smartphones, but even most gadget nerds would probably be able to comfortably get by with today's mid-range phones. Do androids dream of stock smartphones? After struggling for two years against Apple's iPhone, in 2010 Google and HTC unveiled the Nexus One. A new Android 2.1-powered smartphone built by HTC but with heavy input by Google, the Nexus One was described as "pure" Android - it carried none of the software modifications that manufacturers HTC, Samsung, and LG were keen to apply. The Nexus One was sold independently of carriers through Google's own online store. While the Nexus One was not a smash hit, it wasn't expected to be. Google stated that the Nexus One was meant more as an example of what the Android platform was capable of. The Nexus One was followed later in 2010 by the Nexus S and in 2011 with the Galaxy Nexus (both produced by Samsung) and in 2012 by the LG Nexus 4. 2013 so far has not seen a new Nexus smartphone release, though Google has partnered with both HTC and Samsung to release "Google Play editions" of their flagship devices. The Samsung Galaxy S4 and HTC One are both available through the Google Play online store with a mostly "stock" Android installation while maintaining the hardware design of the versions sold through carriers. What's really shocking are the smartphones at the lowest price-points, the phones that are free with a contract, or even just a few hundred dollars or less off contract (compared to a $600 or more range-topper from Apple, Samsung, LG, BlackBerry, Nokia, et al). Take the Nokia Lumia 521, which with a 5MP camera, 4-inch 800x480 screen, 8GB storage, in a sub-10 cm thick body, all for as low as $125. Off contract! It’s crazy! Out the door, with a smartphone that's not state-of-the-art, but is still more than adequate for the average user and runs a thoroughly modern mobile operating system. The Nokia Lumia 521 is $125. Off contract! It’s crazy! We're approaching the point where the smartphone is going to all but displace the dumbphone, if it hasn’t already. There's going to be a place for dumbphones for years to come, just as cellular hasn't come close to killing off landlines. Dumbphones are simple, durable, have long lasting batteries, and - most importantly - are cheap as hell. Smartphones are quickly closing in on those marks, though durability and battery life sometimes leave something to be desired. Dumbphone technology has always been slow to evolve. What helped smartphones displace a lot of dumbphone sales has been the breakneck pace of smartphone development. With new and more powerful devices hitting shelves every month, it doesn't take long for what was high-end to become middle-tier and then low-end. Best part is, it's no less capable than it was two years earlier! If you don't need the very best, which you probably really don't, there are plenty of cheap options in smartphone land. Dumbphones aren't going to go away, but they're also not going to be hanging around for much longer either. Within the next 5 years entry-level smartphones will have all but replaced dumbphones. - Alex Dobie / Managing Editor, Android Central Do you have to have the latest greatest smartphone, or just one that is good enough? Daniel Rubino Windows Phone Central Competition, many assert, is the heart of modern market capitalism. Yet every company out there is set on eliminating their competition; the achievement of monopoly is the real goal. AT&T would prefer if Verizon would just go away, same with T-Mobile and Sprint. Competition is the best part of capitalism for consumers, yet monopoly status is the pinnacle of capitalistic achievement. Of course, we don't want a single-carrier system where they're free to charge whatever they want. But do we need more carriers? Do we want a system like in India where there are eight carriers with more than 50 million customers apiece (yes, there are over a billion people there, but the point stands). The problem with the current system, at least in North America, isn't a lack of competing companies. There are four major players between AT&T, Sprint, T-Mobile, and Verizon, and dozens of smaller national virtual, and regional operators. The issue is with their rarely competing beyond talking points of "largest" or "fastest". The problem isn't a lack of companies. It’s that they rarely compete beyond talking points of “largest or “fastest”. Jump to the UnCarrier After years of contracts with subsidized phones on all the major US carriers, T-Mobile in March 2013 launched their "UnCarrier" initiative, which dropped all contracts, phone subsidies, and data overage fees. While T-Mobile had offered contract-free plans for over a year, this marked the first time a US carrier had dropped contracts and subsidies entirely. Phones were still available with a downpayment and two years of $20 monthly installments. The plan worked by splitting the cost of the phone from the service, allowing customers to purchase the two independently, bring their own phones for T-Mobile service, and even cancel their service without paying an ETF (though still having to pay off the rest of the phone). Following the dropping of contracts, T-Mobile in July 2013 launched "Jump", a fee-based add-on for customers that allows them to trade in their current smartphone to for a new one at the price a new customer would pay up to twice a year. Both AT&T and Verizon quickly reacted by introducing their own versions of an upgrade plan within a week of T-Mobile's announcement, though still tied to traditional two-year service contracts. How often do you purchase a new smartphone? Thankfully, T-Mobile US under the leadership of CEO John Legere is shaking things up. They've ditched traditional contracts and decoupled payments for devices from the service. T-Mobile also introduced a straight-forward plan for frequent device upgraders, and while we're not debating merits here, there's no denying the conversation it sparked. Within a week both AT&T and Verizon rushed to introduce similar upgrade plans, though they concocted a fee to be tacked onto existing service charges. Whether or not they are worth the cost is a discussion for another time, but it shows that competition can be alive and well, if only the carriers were more willing to get creative. T-Mobile has at least shaken things up, though there's no saying how long they'll be able to keep up the disruptions. It's the scrappy smaller-but-still big carriers like T-Mobile and Sprint that stand the best chance at making an impact in the US. AT&T and Verizon, while still always clamoring for more customers, are in comfortable positions. Sprint and T-Mobile have less to lose, and everything to gain, and can stir the pot with biannual upgrades, unlimited data, and the like. T-Mobile's especially scrappy after (irony alert) the US government struck down their attempt to merge into AT&T, and Sprint is likely to be more so after being acquired by Japanese firm Softbank. In the end, what we need isn't more carriers. We need better carriers. What about carriers is the most broken? Carrier subsidies aren't going anywhere anytime soon. Nor are service contracts, monopolistic desires, or grossly overcharging for text messages. These are things that define the modern cellular carrier, and as with all thing status quo, it takes more than just wanting it to change for things to change. It'd be easy to argue that cellular operators suck because of their old origins. Unlike the companies that make the devices and software (excepting 148-year-old paper mill Nokia), the carriers are downright ancient. They’re also the most heavily regulated segment of the mobile ecosystem. But all of this is just saying what's wrong with carriers. They're often backwards, always greedy, occasionally creative, often snippy, and sometimes scrappy. But they're not broken beyond repair. The subsidy and contract culture can be changed, but how do we get that change to happen? Is it the carriers that need to be convinced, or the customers? Q:1 If you could pay up front for a smartphone and less monthly, would you? Please Login or Sign Up to make a comment. Q:2 Do you have to have the latest greatest smartphone, or just one that is good enough? Q:3 What about carriers is the most broken?

2014-15/0000/en_head.json.gz/841

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Home: The Criterion: Local news February 18, 2011 Skip to main navigation | Skip to local links | Skip to search engine Bishop-designate Coyne to be ordained on Criterion Staff report Father Christopher J. Coyne, a priest for the Archdiocese of Boston, will be ordained auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Indianapolis on March 2 at St. John the Evangelist Church in Indianapolis. Archbishop Daniel M. Buechlein will ordain the new bishop. Bishop Paul D. Etienne of Cheyenne, Wyo., and Bishop Richard G. Lennon of Cleveland will be the co-ordaining bishops. The Mass will begin at 2 p.m. Doors to the historic St. John the Evangelist Church, 126 W. Georgia St., will open to the public at 12:30 p.m. More than 400 bishops, priests and invited guests from across the country are expected to attend the ordination. There will be between 300 and 400 seats available for the general public on a first-come, first-served basis. The overflow crowd will be directed across the street to the 500 Ballroom of the Indiana Convention Center, where the Mass will be simulcast for viewing only. A reception following the Mass, which is open to the public, will be held in the 500 Ballroom. No parking will be available at the church. People attending the Mass will need to use the surrounding parking garages. A map of the downtown parking garages can be found on the Indiana Convention and Visitors Association website at www.visitindy.com/web_files/map/DTParkMap_c040909.pdf. Bishop-designate Coyne, 52, who was appointed auxiliary bishop of the Archdiocese of Indianapolis on Jan. 14 by Pope Benedict XVI, will become only the third auxiliary bishop for the archdiocese in its 177-year history. As auxiliary bishop, Bishop-designate Coyne will assist Archbishop Buechlein in fulfilling the responsibilities of leading the Church in central and southern Indiana. The Feb. 25 edition of The Criterion will include a special supplement about Bishop-designate Coyne and the upcoming ordination. †

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Home: The Criterion: Local news June 3, 2011 Skip to main navigation | Skip to local links | Skip to search engine The history of the Swiss Guard dates back more than 500 years Then-Marco Rudolf Honegger takes an oath as a new member of the Swiss Guard on May 6, 2004, at the Vatican in Rome. After serving for two years, Honegger became a postulant at Einsiedeln Abbey in Switzerland. He recently completed a year of studies at Saint Meinrad Seminary and School of Theology in St. Meinrad. (Submitted photo) The history of the Swiss Guard goes back to 1506 when Pope Julius II invited some 150 Swiss soldiers to serve as his personal guards. At the time, Swiss soldiers had a high reputation for bravery and skill, and were in demand across Europe. On May 6, 1527, however, more than 100 members of the Swiss Guard gave up their lives on the steps of St. Peter’s Basilica in defense of the pope when Rome was being sacked by Spanish troops of the Holy Roman Empire. May 6 is now the date on which new members of the Swiss Guard swear to protect the pope—even at the cost of their lives. According to the Vatican’s website on the Swiss Guard, a prospective member of the 110-member Vatican armed forces must be an unmarried male citizen of Switzerland between the ages of 19 and 30 who is Catholic, “of good moral [and] ethical background,” has attended Swiss military school, be at least 5 feet 7 inches tall, and has either a professional or high school diploma. Those accepted into the Swiss Guard must serve a minimum of two years. They live in barracks in Vatican City that overlook St. Peter’s Square. Their daily duties include standing guard at the entrances to the apostolic palace, and at all external entrances to Vatican City. They also serve as guards during public appearances by the pope at the Vatican, such as liturgies and general audiences. When not on duty, members of the Swiss Guard can play in the corps’ band or sing in its choir, attend daily Mass celebrated by its chaplain or join its soccer team in matches against other squads from within the Vatican. The work of the members is more than ceremonial. According to Benedictine Brother Mauritius Honegger, a monk of Einsiedeln Abbey in Switzerland and a former member of the Swiss Guard, plain-clothed members of his former unit as well as Vatican policemen restrained a woman who pulled Pope Benedict XVI to the ground during the opening procession of Midnight Mass on Christmas at St. Peter’s Basilica in 2009. Although some members of the Swiss Guard carry out their duties in plain clothes, their ceremonial uniforms are well known. According to the Vatican website on the Swiss Guard, their distinctive orange and blue uniforms, while popularly believed to have been designed by the great Renaissance artist Michelangelo, are actually the work of a previous commandant of the guard less than 100 years ago. (For more information on the Swiss Guard, log on to www.vatican.va/roman_curia/swiss_guard.) † Related: Former guard to the pope deepens his faith at Saint Meinrad Seminary and School of Theology

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www.baltimoresun.com/news/opinion/readersrespond/bs-ed-ap-tests-20130916,0,4035771.story Advanced Placement isn't for everyone 8:15 AM EDT, September 16, 2013 As long-time advocates for public education in Baltimore County, we felt compelled to respond to letter writer Harry J. Cook's view of the Advanced Placement exams ("A different perspective on AP courses Sept. 6). While we're grateful that magnet schools such as Eastern Technical High School offer quality programs, it's unrealistic to compare this selective, quasi-private school with most county comprehensive high schools. Desp

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Ps 79:5 79:5 How long, O Lord. This is a prayer to God to change a hard situation.jealousy. A synonym for anger.

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Bible Book List DEER Provided for Solomon's household (1 Kings 4:23) Surefootedness of (1 Samuel 22:34) Fleetness of (1 Samuel 2:18; 1 Chronicles 12:8; Proverbs 6:5; Song of Solomon 8:14; Isaiah 35:6) Designated among the ceremonially clean animals, to be eaten (Deuteronomy 12:15;14:5) Coloring of (Jeremiah 14:5) Gentleness of (Proverbs 5:19) Also called, FALLOW DEER, HART, HIND, ROEBUCK Bible Gateway RecommendationsZondervan All-in-One Bible Reference GuideRetail: $24.99Our Price: $16.99Save: $8.00 (32%)Buy nowKJV Nave's Topical Bible, Revised and EnlargedRetail: $24.99Our Price: $17.99Save: $7.00 (28%)Buy nowNave's Topical Bible, Case Of 12Retail: $359.40Our Price: $147.88Save: $211.52 (59%)Buy nowView more titles

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Our LibraryConcordancesTreasury Of Scripture KnowledgeJudeJude 1Jude 1:20 Jude 1:20 Overview - Jude 1 1 He exhorts them to be constant in the profession of the faith. 4 False teachers are crept in to seduce them, for whose evil doctrine and manners horrible punishment is prepared; 20 whereas the godly, by the assistance of the Holy Spirit, and prayers to God, may persevere, and grow in grace, and keep themselves, and recover others out of the snares of those deceivers. Treasury of Scripture KnowledgeJude 1:20 (King James Version)But ye, beloved, building up yourselves on your most holy faith, praying in the Holy Ghost, building Acts 9:31 ; Romans 15:2 ; 1 Corinthians 1:8 ; 10:23 1 Corinthians 14:4 1 Corinthians 14:5 1 Corinthians 14:26 Ephesians 4:12 Ephesians 4:16 Ephesians 4:29 ; Colossians 2:7 1 Thessalonians 5:11 ; 1 Timothy 1:4 Grmost. Acts 15:9 ; 26:18 2 Timothy 1:5 ; Titus 1:1 ; James 2:22 ; 2 Peter 1:1 ; 1 John 5:4 Revelation 13:10 praying Zechariah 12:10 ; Romans 8:15 Romans 8:26 Romans 8:27 ; 1 Corinthians 14:15 ; Galatians 4:6 ; Ephesians 6:18 < Jude 1:19 Jude 1:21 > Read Jude 1:20

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Asc. Desc. Anaerobic Digest BioCycle October 2013, Vol. 54, No. 10, p. 12 Article Archives

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(Photo 19 of 30) - Pictures - The Boston Globe Fenway Park in the 1990s Teammates mobbed Mo Vaughn after his walk-off grand slam beat the Mariners in the home opener in 1998. Mark Wilson/Globe Staff A jubilant Wade Boggs celebrated after the Red Sox clinched the 1990 AL East title with a win over the White Sox on the final day of the regular season. The boston globe/file Ted Williams tipped his cap to fans at Fenway Park during a game when the Red Sox honored him on May 12, 1991. Scott Maguire/Associated Press

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The Met Expands Its Repertory In The 2009-10 Season Eight new productions, four of which are company premieres, will highlight the Metropolitan Opera's 2009-10 season. General Manager Peter Gelb and Music Director James Levine jointly announced plans that include: the Met premieres of Rossini's Armida, Verdi's Attila, Janáček's From the House of the Dead, and Shostakovich's The Nose; new productions of Bizet's Carmen, Offenbach's Les Contes d'Hoffmann, Thomas's Hamlet, and Puccini's Tosca; and 18 revivals from the company's repertory. The season is the first to be entirely planned under Gelb's leadership, in collaboration with Levine (the past three seasons were planned before Gelb became General Manager in 2006-07 but included some productions, repertoire, and casting changes made by Gelb). The season opens with a new production of Tosca by Luc Bondy in his house debut, starring Karita Mattila in her first Met performance of the title role. James Levine conducts. Renowned director Patrice Chéreau and conductor Esa-Pekka Salonen both make Met debuts with the new production of Janáček's From the House of the Dead, which has won acclaim across Europe. Bartlett Sher, whose staging of IL Barbiere di Siviglia was a hit two seasons ago, returns to direct his second Met production: Offenbach's Les Contes d'Hoffmann, conducted by Levine, with Rolando Villazón in the title role, Anna Netrebko as Antonia, Elīna Garanča as Nicklausse, and René Pape as the four villains. The new Carmen, starring Angela Gheorghiu in her first-ever stage portrayal of the gypsy femme fatale, will also feature the debuts of director Richard Eyre and conductor Yannick Nézet-Séguin. Roberto Alagna, as the soldier Don José, and Mariusz Kwiecien, as the bullfighter Escamillo, vie for Carmen's affections. Verdi's rarely heard Attila, with Ildar Abdrazakov in the title role of the Hun leader, features a conductor and a creative team all in their Met debuts: maestro Riccardo Muti, director Pierre Audi, and set and costume designers Miuccia Prada, Jacques Herzog and Pierre de Meuron. The extraordinary artist William Kentridge directs and designs a new staging of Shostakovich's The Nose, an opera based on the Gogol short story, conducted by Valery Gergiev. Paulo Szot, the Tony Award-winning star of Lincoln Center Theater's South Pacific, makes his Met debut in the leading role of Kovalyov. Last performed at the Met in 1897, Ambroise Thomas's Hamlet will be seen in a new production by Patrice Caurier and Moshe Leiser, conducted by Louis Langrée and starring Simon Keenlyside in the title role and Natalie Dessay as Ophélie. The season's final new production features Renée Fleming in Rossini's bel canto tour de force Armida, directed by Mary Zimmerman and conducted by Riccardo Frizza. Pierre Boulez makes his company debut leading the MET Orchestra in the final concert of its annual series at Carnegie Hall, with the other two concerts conducted by Levine. Peter Gelb said, "Although the economy is bad, we are committed to maintaining the Met's artistic excellence. We have gained a new and larger public that we're determined to keep by continuing to present the world's leading artists in compelling new productions and appealing revivals." James Levine said, "This is a wonderful balance of repertory that includes four works totally new to the Met as well as a number of great operas that have been out of the repertory for a long time. I'm also delighted that we have so many important debuts, including conductors, singers, directors and production teams." *Many of the world's greatest singers are featured in roles that they have not sung at the Met before: Olga Borodina as Marguerite, Diana Damrau as Marie, Danielle De Niese as Susanna, Natalie Dessay as Ophélie, Renée Fleming as Armida, Elīna Garanča as Nicklausse, Angela Gheorghiu as Carmen, Angelika Kirchschlager as Hansel, Maija Kovalevska as Micaëla and Liù, Karita Mattila as Tosca, Anna Netrebko as Antonia, Patricia Racette in Il Trittico, Nina Stemme as Ariadne, Violeta Urmana as Aida and Odabella, Deborah Voigt as Senta, Anne Sofie von Otter as Countess Geschwitz, Marcelo Álvarez as Cavaradossi, Piotr Beczala as Rodolfo, José Cura as Stiffelio, Plácido Domingo as Boccanegra, Marcello Giordani as Calàf, Jonas Kaufmann as Cavaradossi and Don José, Stephen Gould as Erik, Ramón Vargas as Foresto, Rolando Villazón as Hoffmann, Carlos Alvarez as Ezio, Simon Keenlyside as Hamlet, Mariusz Kwiecien as Escamillo, ?eljko Lučić as Michele, Peter Mattei as Shishkov, Ildar Abdrazakov as Attila, René Pape as the four villains in Les Contes d'Hoffmann, Paulo Szot as Kovalyov, Bryn Terfel as Scarpia, and Juha Uusitalo as Scarpia and the Dutchman. In the face of the worst economic situation in recent history, the Met is nevertheless sustaining its recent box office success. Following six consecutive years of box office decline (the 2005-06 season ended at 76.8% of paid box office capacity), as a result of the Met's new artistic and public initiatives, the Met box office experienced increased ticket sales in the 2006-07 and 2007-08 seasons: 83.9% and 88.1%, respectively. Prior to the start of the economic crisis last fall, ticket sales for the 2008-09 season were running ahead of the prior season by 2%. Currently, the Met is running 1.3% behind last season. Ticket prices for the Met's 2009-10 season will remain the same with two exceptions: Family Circle and Balcony Box prices are increasing from $15 to $20, and some seats in the Grand Tier, Dress Circle, and Balcony sections will be designated as premium locations. For the third year, season subscribers and patrons can purchase advance single tickets to the full season, as well as tickets to gala events, at the time they subscribe. The Met's successful Agnes Varis and Karl Leichtman Rush Ticket program will continue for a fourth season, thanks to the continued support of Met Board member Agnes Varis and her husband, Karl Leichtman. The program provides up to two tickets per customer for orchestra seats regularly priced at $100 per ticket at the sharply discounted price of $20, available two hours before curtain time. Beginning two seasons ago, the Met reserved 50 Varis Rush tickets per performance for senior citizens. As of today, the Met has provided 15,928 Varis Rush tickets to 70 performances in the 2008-09 season. The Met continues to offer reduced-price tickets for selected performances for full-time students, age 29 and under, at $25 for weekday performances and $35 for Friday and Saturday performances. The Met: Live in HD, the company's highly successful, award-winning series of live Saturday performance transmissions into movie theaters in more than 35 countries around the world, has sold more than 1.1 million tickets so far this season. Three transmissions remain in the 2008-09 series: Madama Butterfly (March 7), La Sonnambula (March 21), and La Cenerentola (May 9).The 2009-10 HD series will feature nine transmissions, beginning October 10 with Tosca and continuing with Aida (October 24), Turandot (November 7), Les Contes d'Hoffmann (December 19), Der Rosenkavalier (January 9), Carmen (January 16), Simon Boccanegra (February 6), Hamlet (March 27), and Armida (May 1). In January 2009, the Met won a special Emmy Award for "advancing technology through ongoing, live, global transmission of high-definition programming to movie theaters." (Details on the 2009-10 HD presentations and other Met media initiatives follow later in this release.) The 2009-10 season opens on September 21 with the gala premiere of a new production of Puccini's Tosca, conducted by James Levine. Director Luc Bondy and designer Richard Peduzzi, among Europe's best known theatrical artists, are both making their Met debuts, joined by Milena Canonero as costume designer. Karita Mattila, whose Salome electrified New York audiences as well as people around the world as part of The Met: Live in HD earlier in the current season, sings the title role of Tosca for the first time outside her native Finland. The role of Cavaradossi is shared by Marcelo Álvarez and Jonas Kaufmann, for both of whom it is a new role at the Met, and by Marcello Giordani, who returns to the part. Juha Uusitalo, who debuted in the current season as Jochanaan opposite Mattila's Salome, sings Scarpia in the initial run, followed by George Gagnidze, this season's Rigoletto, and Bryn Terfel, who brings his much admired portrayal to the Met for the first time in a complete performance (he sang Act II on opening night of the 2005-06 season). Philippe Auguin conducts later performances. Tosca is a co-production with the Teatro alla Scala, Milan and with the Bavarian State Opera, Munich. It is a gift of The Annenberg Foundation. The Met premiere on November 12 of Janáček's From the House of the Dead features two of the season's renowned debuting artists: conductor Esa-Pekka Salonen and director Patrice Chéreau. Peter Mattei, whose Figaro in the 2006 new production of IL Barbiere di Siviglia won widespread acclaim, sings the role of Shishkov, with Stefan Margita in his Met debut as Filka Morozov, Kurt Streit as Skuratov, Peter Hoare in his Met debut as Shapkin, and Willard White as Gorianchikov. Richard Peduzzi designs the sets, and other members of the production team include three Met debuting artists: costume designer Caroline de Vivaise, lighting designer Bertrand Couderc, and choreographer Thierry Thieû Niang. Based on a Dostoyevsky story, From the House of the Dead takes place entirely in a Russian prison camp. In the words of Chéreau: "The prison camp is a different society, parallel to ours, but there are many similarities between the two. Power, relationships, humiliation, and passion - all those things exist in both worlds." A production of the Met and the Wiener Festwochen, in co-production with the Holland Festival, Amsterdam, the Festival d'Aix-en-Provence, and the Teatro alla Scala, Milan, it was voted Europe's best opera staging for 2007 by the Charles Cros Academy. The Met production is a gift of The Fan Fox and Leslie R. Samuels Foundation, Inc., and of Robert L. Turner. James Levine conducts Offenbach's psychological fantasy Les Contes d'Hoffmann in a new production by Tony Award-winning director Bartlett Sher. Rolando Villazón sings the tour-de-force title role, with Kathleen Kim, Anna Netrebko, and Ekaterina Gubanova as his three loves, Elīna Garanča as his companion Nicklausse, and René Pape as his nemesis in the four villain roles. The production team is completed by Michael Yeargan as set designer and Catherine Zuber as costume designer, Sher's collaborators on IL Barbiere di Siviglia, as well as by lighting designer James F. Ingalls and choreographer Dou Dou Huang. Inspired by Kafka, Sher describes his production as "a magical journey in which the title character works out different manifestations of his psyche." The production premieres at a gala benefit on December 3 and is a gift of the Hermione Foundation. On New Year's Eve, Bizet's Carmen opens with a gala performance for the new production premiere. Conductor Yannick Nézet-Séguin and Olivier Award-winning director Richard Eyre both make their Met debuts with the new staging, which features Angela Gheorghiu in her first stage performances anywhere of the title role. Olga Borodina sings the seductive gypsy at later performances, while Barbara Frittoli and Maija Kovalevska share the role of Micaëla; Roberto Alagna, Brandon Jovanovich (in his Met debut), and Jonas Kaufmann are Don José; and Mariusz Kwiecien and Teddy Tahu Rhodes sing the swaggering toreador Escamillo. Alain Altinoglu makes his Met debut conducting later performances. The set and costume designer is Rob Howell, in his Met debut, Peter Mumford is the lighting designer, and Christopher Wheeldon is the choreographer. Eyre, who was director of London's Royal National Theatre from 1987-97, says Carmen "is one of the inalienably great works of art. It's sexy in every sense. And I think it should be shocking." The production is a gift of Mrs. Paul Desmarais, Sr. Riccardo Muti, one of the world's most esteemed maestros and a champion of Verdian style, makes his Met debut, appropriately, conducting the company premiere of Verdi's Attila on February 23. In his Met debut, Pierre Audi directs the new production. Following their operatic debut with Tristan und Isolde at the Berlin State Opera in 2006, Herzog and de Meuron, working with Miuccia Prada, will create the set and costume designs. Jean Kalman, whose most recent work at the Met was the new production of Verdi's Macbeth in 2007, returns as lighting designer. Ildar Abdrazakov sings the title role of the infamous Hun leader, joined by Violeta Urmana as the vengeful Odabella, Carlos Alvarez as the Roman general Ezio, and Ramón Vargas as Foresto. In addition to the "bird's nest" Beijing National Stadium built for the 2008 Olympics, the Pritzker Prize-winning architectural team of Herzog & de Meuron is particularly known for designing the Tate Modern museum in London. Prada, one of the world's most renowned fashion designers, makes her operatic debut with this production. The production is a gift of Elena and Rudy Prokupets. Dmitri Shostakovich's The Nose has its Met premiere on March 5 in a new production staged and designed by William Kentridge, under the baton of Valery Gergiev. Tony Award-winner Paulo Szot makes his Met debut as Kovalyov, with Andrei Popov as the Police Inspector and Gordon Gietz as the Nose, also in their company debuts. Kentridge and Sabine Theunissen are the set designers, Greta Goiris designs the costumes, Urs Schönebaum designs the lighting, and Luc De Wit is the associate director. All members of the production team are making their Met debuts. Based on a short story by Gogol, Shostakovich's The Nose "is the story of a man who wakes up one morning and finds that his nose is gone," says Kentridge. "The opera is about what constitutes a person - how singular we are, and how much we are divided against ourselves. And it's also about the terrors of hierarchy." The Nose is a co-production of the Met, the Festival d'Aix-en-Provence, and the Opéra National de Lyon. It is a gift of Frederick Iseman. Additional funding is provided by The Richard J. Massey Foundation for the Arts and Sciences. The new production of Ambroise Thomas's Hamlet, which opens on March 16, stars Simon Keenlyside in the title role and Natalie Dessay as Ophélie. Louis Langrée conducts a cast that also includes Jennifer Larmore as Gertrude, Toby Spence as Laërte, in his Met debut, and James Morris as Claudius. The production is by Patrice Caurier and Moshe Leiser with set designs by Christian Fenouillat, costume designs by Agostino Cavalca, and lighting designs by Christophe Forey - all in their Met debuts. When this production opened at the Royal Opera House, Covent Garden, The Independent called Keenlyside's Hamlet, "a revelation...thrilling throughout." The Met performances will use the alternative tragic ending, rather than the happy ending used at Covent Garden. Hamlet was last performed at the Met in 1897 and is particularly known for Ophélie's famous mad scene, which was a favorite of such legendary sopranos as Nellie Melba and Maria Callas. The production is owned by the Grand Théâtre de Genève and is a gift of Mr. and Mrs. Wilmer J. Thomas, Jr. Renée Fleming stars in the title role of Rossini's Armida, which has its Met premiere on April 12. Riccardo Frizza conducts, and Mary Zimmerman directs this story of a sorceress who enthralls men in her island prison. The cast includes six tenor roles in all, with the principal male parts taken in this production by Lawrence Brownlee as Rinaldo, Bruce Ford as Goffredo, José Manuel Zapata as Gernando, Barry Banks as Carlo, and Kobie van Rensburg as Ubaldo. Richard Hudson designs the sets and costumes, Brian MacDevitt is the lighting designer, and Graciela Daniele makes her Met debut as choreographer. Zimmerman, whose hit production of Lucia di Lammermoor opened the 2007-08 season, calls Armida "a buried treasure, a box of jewels." She notes that the opera "has an epic, enchanted quality and a tremendous visual element." This production of Armida is a gift of The Sybil B. Harrington Endowment Fund. The 18 revivals of the 2009-10 season feature a lineup of the world's greatest singers, including some notable Met role debuts. Anna Netrebko returns as Mimì in La Bohème, which also stars Piotr Beczala, who sings his first Rodolfo with the company. Gerald Finley and debuting baritone George Petean are Marcello, and Nicole Cabell and Ruth Ann Swenson alternate as Musetta. Marco Armiliato conducts. , Karita Mattila, , L Barbier, Anna Netrebko, . Comment & Share

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OPEN COURT to Debut 10/8 on NBA TV Returning for its third consecutive season, NBA TV's critically acclaimed Open Court will tip off Tuesday, Oct. 8, at 6 p.m. ET with the first of four episodes airing each Tuesday throughout the month. The show will once again feature a cast of NBA greats including a mix of TNT and NBA TV analysts and special guests sharing their personal accounts of some of the league's top moments and storylines. Open Court will be hosted by Ernie Johnson with a combination of analysts including Hall of Famers Charles Barkley, Thomas, Julius Erving & Dominique Wilkins; NBA Champions Steve Kerr, Kenny Smith, Steve Smith & Brent Barry; Seven-Time NBA All-Stars Grant Hill & Tracy McGrady; and former three-point record holder Dennis Scott. The first show of the season will reflect on the dynasties and dramatic moments of the 1990s. During the episode, Thomas pinpoints Karl Malone and his free throw shooting as the "weak link" in the Utah Jazz's inability to win a championship. He also reveals the events which led to the Pistons walking off the court during the final seconds of the Eastern Conference Finals against Michael Jordan and the Chicago Bulls in 1991. The panel also expands on Chicago's focus and drive to win six championships within the decade, as well as the physical play of teams such as the Pistons and New York Knicks, the perimeter play of the Houston Rockets and Seattle Supersonics, and the start of another dynasty, the San Antonio Spurs, in 1999. More On: TNT, NBA TV. Comment & Share Related LinksTBS Airs Half-Hour PETE HOLMES Special TonightFebruary 15, 2014TBS's CONAN to Tape at Dallas' Historic Majestic Theater for Week of 3/31February 14, 2014TNT to Celebrate Season 3 Premiere of DALLAS by Tackling Price of OilFebruary 14, 2014TNT Presents Exclusive Live Coverage of NBA ALL STAR 2014, Beg. TodayFebruary 13, 2014TBS to Air Half-Hour PETE HOLMES Special, 2/15February 10, 2014 About Author

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Photo Flash: THE NEIGHBORS' 'Larry Bird Presents an Oscar-Winning Film by Larry Bird' THE NEIGHBORS, ABC On THE NEIGHBORS' upcoming episode, "Larry Bird Presents an Oscar-Winning Film by Larry Bird," Max makes it into the final round of the school spelling bee. When he finds himself going head to head with Dick Butkus, Larry and Reggie, who've become obsessed with winning an Oscar, decide to videotape the bee - and the competition between Max and Dick - hoping to take home the award for Best Documentary, on "The Neighbors," WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 20 (8:30-9:00 p.m., ET) on the ABC Television Network.Check out a first look below! Photos by: ABC/RON TOM IAN PATRICK, Simon Templeman, TIM JO, JOSEPH BUTLER Jami Gertz, Toks Olagundoye, Lenny Venito, Clara Mamet, ISABELLA CRAMP Larry Bird, ABC, Simon Templeman, TIM JO, Jami Gertz, Toks Olagundoye, Lenny Venito, Clara Mamet. Comment & Share Related LinksDiscovery Channel's NAKED & AFRAID Draws 2.3 Million ViewersApril 15, 2014NBC's THE VOICE Generates 2 of the Top 5 18-49 RatingsApril 15, 2014ABC's 'S.H.I.E.L.D.' Grows by Double Digits Week to Week in Adults 18-34April 15, 2014CBS Sweeps Fourth Consecutive Week in ViewersApril 15, 2014ABC's WORLD NEWS is #1 Evening Broadcast in Key DemoApril 15, 2014 About Author

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Click Here for More Articles on RATINGS WATCH... THE REAL HOUSEWIVES OF BEVERLY HILLS Boosts Bravo in Monday Night Ratings THE REAL HOUSEWIVES OF BEVERLY HILLS, Bravo "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" delivers record ratings as Bravo Media ranks #1 among cable entertainment networks in the A18-49 demo during the 9pm hour on 11/26/12, according to Nielsen. The episode was the highest-rated of the season and experienced double-digit growth from the previous week among all key demos. This week's episode of "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills" was up 30% among A18-49, up 19% among A25-54 and up 26% among total viewers over last week's episode.Next week's episode of "The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills," airing Monday, December 3rd at 9pm ET/PT, is part two of the ladies' trip to Ojai. The women have a hard time understanding Lisa's defense of Brandi using the f-word at the dinner table. Brandi and Taylor exchange angry words as well, but the group lightens up the following day, having fun in a golf cart race, at a mud-filled spa and late at night, in a drunken gymnastics and arm-wrestling contest that is the opposite of ladylike. However, the problems between Brandi and Adrienne have just begun.Source: Nielsen Media Research, LS data. 9pm hour rank: ad-supported cable entertainment networks, excluding sports and sports entertainment, strict daypart.Bravo is a program service of NBCUniversal Cable Entertainment, a division of NBCUniversal, one of the world's leading media and entertainment companies in the development, production, and marketing of entertainment, news, and information to a global audience. Bravo has been an NBCUniversal cable network since December 2002 and was the first television service dedicated to film and the performing arts when it launched in December 1980. For more information, visit www.BravoTV.com. Related Articles Beverly Hills, Comment & Share Related LinksBravo's WATCH WHAT HAPPENS LIVE Earns Series HighApril 15, 2014Scoop: WATCH WHAT HAPPENS LIVE on BRAVO - Week of April 20, 2014 by TV Scoop - April 14, 2014Bravo to Air Three-Part REAL HOUSEWIVES OF ATLANTA Reunion, Beg. 4/20April 14, 2014Lindsay Lohan Set for Bravo's WATCH WHAT HAPPENS LIVE, 4/17April 10, 2014New Charlie Sheen Pilot Among WE tv's Slate of 2014/15 ProgrammingApril 10, 2014 About Author

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VIDEO: Behind-the-Scenes of HBO's GAME OF THRONES Season 3 GAME OF THRONES, HBO, previews & teasers HBO has released a behind the scenes look at the highly anticipated third season of GAME OF THRONES. The new season premieres on March 31. Get a first look below! Based on the novels of George R.R. Martin, the third season is said to adapt events from "A Storm of Swords" and will include quite a few new and returning characters. The cast of season two included Emmy and Golden Globe winner Peter Dinklage, Michelle Fairley, Lena Headey, Emilia Clarke, Nikolaj Coster-Waldau, Aidan Gillen, Iain Glen, Kit Harington, Richard Madden, Maisie Williams, Isaac Hempstead Wright, Sophie Turner, Jack Gleeson and Alfie Allen. The series is executive produced by DAVID BENIOFF, D.B. Weiss, Carolyn Strauss, Frank Doelger with co-executive producers George R.R. Martin, Vanessa Taylor, Alan Taylor, Guymon Casady, Vince Gerardis and Bernadette Caulfield producing. More On: HBO, R. Martin, Peter Dinklage, Michelle Fairley, Emilia Clarke, Nikolaj Coster, Aidan Gillen, Iain Glen, Kit Harington, DAVID BENIOFF. Comment & Share Related LinksPhoto Flash: Images & Promo for GAME OF THRONES 'Breaker of Chains' EpisodeApril 15, 2014ARNIE Becomes Golf Channel's Most-Watched Original FilmApril 14, 2014NBC's CRISIS Up Week-to-Week in 18-49April 14, 2014'John Leguizamo's Ghetto Klown,' Set to Debut 3/22 on HBOFebruary 20, 2014Treat Williams to Join Anna Friel & Peter Facinelli in NBC's ODYSSEYFebruary 20, 2014 About Author

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VIDEO: Sneak Peek - Rosie O'Donnell Guests on Next THE FOSTERS on ABC Family THE FOSTERS, ABC Family, previews & teasers The Fosters pay a visit to Callie and her future with the family comes into question in a new episode of "The Fosters," airing Monday, February 3rd, at 9:00 p.m. ET/PT on ABC Family. Get a first look below! During a family visit, a miscommunication makes things awkward between Brandon and Callie. Rita (guest star Rosie O'Donnell) informs Stef and Lena that Callie's plans for the future may not include them. But when a secret Callie shares with one of her housemates leads to tragedy, Callie just might reconsider her situation. Stef and Lena talk to Jude about moving forward with his adoption, and he must decide if he wants to be part of the Foster family, even if Callie does not. A gesture from Frank catches Stef and Lena off guard, and Lena attempts to convince Stef that it's time to make amends. The episode, titled "Family Day," was directed by Elodie Keene and written by Megan Lynn and Wade Solomon. Winner of 2013's Teen Choice Award for Choice TV Breakout Show, "The Fosters" is executive-produced by Jennifer Lopez, ("American Idol," "What to Expect When You're Expecting," "The Back-Up Plan") and created by Bradley Bredeweg and Peter Paige ("Queer As Folk"), who also serve as executive producers and writers, along with Joanna Johnson ("Make It or Break It"). "The Fosters" stars Teri Polo ("Meet the Parents") as Stef Foster, Sherri Saum ("In Treatment") as Lena Adams Foster, Jake T. Austin ("Wizards of Waverly Place") as Jesus Foster, Hayden Byerly ("Parenthood") as Jude Jacob, David Lambert ("Aaron Stone") as Brandon Foster, Maia Mitchell ("Teen Beach Movie") as Callie Jacob, Danny Nucci ("Titanic") as Mike Foster and Cierra Ramirez ("The Secret Life of the American Teenager") as Mariana Foster. Greg Gugliotta, Elaine Goldsmith Thomas, Benny Medina, and John Ziffren also serve as executive producers. The series is produced by Nuyorican Productions, Inc., and Prodco, Inc. Part of the Disney/ABC Television Group, ABC Family is distributed in over 97 million homes. ABC Family features programming reflecting today's families, entertaining and connecting with adults through relatable programming about today's relationships - told with a mix of diversity, passion, humor and heart. ABC Family's programming is a combination of network-defining original series and original movies, quality acquired series and blockbuster theatricals. Emmy® Award-winning ABCFamily.com provides full episodes of the network's hit programming, along with sneak peek exclusive previews. ABC Family is also the destination for annual Holiday events with "13 Nights of Halloween" and "25 Days of Christmas." ABC Family. A New Kind of Family. Official website: http://abcfamily.go.com/shows/the-fos... Official Facebook Page:https://www.facebook.com/TheFosterson... Official Twitter Page: https://twitter.com/TheFostersABCF/ The Fosters on Amazon: http://bit.ly/TheFostersABCF More On: ABC, ABC Family, Comment & Share Related LinksABC Family's BABY DADDY Hits 7-Week HighApril 10, 2014Disney Junior Now Available to Dish Network CustomersApril 10, 2014Scoop: MELISSA AND JOEY on ABC FAMILY - Wednesday, April 30, 2014 by TV Scoop - April 10, 2014Mother's Day Marathon Part of ABC Family's May Programming Line-UpApril 10, 2014Stars of ABC Family's MELISSA & JOEY, BABY DADDY Set for Live Twitter ChatApril 09, 2014 About Author

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January 31 10:01 PM "The Real (Desperate) Housewives of Columbia County Musical" by Carl Ritchie (book, lyrics, director) and Wayne Moore (music) is a Coward-esque evening from the Taconic Stage Company upstate, which it took by storm in the summer of 2011. Thinly guised as the confessions of four 40-something women on reality TV, this four-character musical spotlights the culture-clash between spoiled, egocentric "weekender" women and their working class "townie" counterparts in a rural upstate community. The show has no reason but to delight, which it does with savvy performances, high-heeled lyrics and the poison of its cocktail-party chit-chat dialogue. To share it with a wider audience, Taconic Stage Company will present the piece in its NYC debut March 7 to 28 at the Laurie Beechman Theatre, 407 West 42nd Street. The show's songs lampoon such subjects as sexual fantasies toward your caterer, the tendency of "Cidiots" to look down their noses (what's left of them) on the year-rounders and the bragging rights you get for Dutch ancestry if you're from an old local family--a form of retaliation for the weekenders' scorn. We learn from "Don't Fool Around on Your Broker" that it's easier to dump your husband than your real estate agent. In "Get a Little Work," a Maid lampoons her employer's plastic surgery by giving herself a facelift with duct tape. The cast features Meg Dooley, Lisa Franklin, Constance Lopez and Diedre Bollinger. Carl Ritchie, who is Artistic Director of Taconic Stage Company in Copake, NY, wrote the compact tuner two years ago. Ritchie is a Canadian-born playwright/director who moved from NYC to his weekend home at Copake Lake in 2002. He has a flamboyant wit and a unique eye for local color. A few years ago he was elected to a four year term on the Copake Town Board, where he also served as Police Commissioner (he quips, "My first vote as an American was for myself."). This musical sparkles with the acute wit of an insider who has witnessed the crossfire of savvy urbanites and country people upstate and lived to write about it. Taconic Stage Company presented the piece at The Lighthouse Marina Dinner Theater on Copake Lake, NY through the summer of 2011. Peter Bergman (berkshirebrightfocus.com) wrote, "In the hands of clever wordsmith Carl Ritchie you have a blast." Gail Burns wrote in Gailsez.org, "Ritchie has written a boffo script and lyrics and the ladies deliver the goods." Marion Hunter wrote in The Columbia Paper, "This Taconic Stage audience came prepared to laugh, and they responded to everything with non-stop, unfettered enthusiasm." Carl Ritchie (book & lyrics, director) was born in New Brunswick, Canada and began his career as a child actor. After playing Oliver in a 1000-seat venue in his hometown, he insisted--at age 11--on moving 1000 miles away to Toronto to pursue an acting career. He had his own apartment there at 14. Subsequently, after living as a teen in Burma and graduating from high school in the Himalayas, he attended the London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. Ritchie has acted, written and directed for theaters worldwide, from Rangoon to Soho. He is author of over 20 plays, which have been performed in over 100 theatres in the US, Canada and as far away as New Zealand. He has written two other musicals with Wayne Moore, "Senior Moments" (Taconic Stage, 2010) and "I Know I Came Here for Something," (Taconic Stage, 2009, Las Vegas and L.A. 2010-13). He contributed material for the widely performed British revue "Fascinating Aida" (2009-2010). His award-winning Quebec productions include the long-running "La Cousine Germaine," which ran through the summer of 2011 in a 700-seat theater east of Montreal. His comedy "Family Values" ran four months at Irish Arts Center in 1996-7, was optioned as a sitcom and is currently being performed in French in Canada as "Sacree Famille!". He polished the screenplay of "The Ladies Room," a film starring John Malkovich and Lorraine Bracco. His whodunit farce, "Any Body Home," written with Elise Dewsberry, was published by Dramatic Publishing in 1999. His last production at West Bank Cafe was a pair of one-acts, "Stoop" and "Ladder" (1993). Concurrent with this project he is workshopping a new musical in Los Angeles, "Love Bytes", as book writer, with music & lyrics by touring artist Ann McNamee and "vocal coach to the stars" Roger Love.

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augustgardener Response to SWAT Team Staged A Realistic Hijacking Of A School Bus In Ohio: I find it very hard to believe that any police department and school system would trick kids into this kind of exercise. Not saying it’s not possible, but I’m suspicious. See a message here that is supposedly from the police chief (fourth post): http://www.alipac.us/f9/true-false-swat-team-performs-realistic-hijacking-drill-real-children-285835/ While I can’t find any official press release or other info on the police department’s website, I still think it’s more plausible that the television report was incomplete than that the kids were tricked, if for no other reason than that schools tend to do everything they can to avoid potential lawsuits, and doing this without the consent of the kids would be like a recipe for lawsuits. Of course, all this leaves aside the important question of whether or not such a drill is ever necessary, even with the consent of the participants. I suppose it’s also arguable whether teenagers are capable of giving informed consent for something like this. I find it very hard to believe that any police department and school system would trick kids into this kind of exercise. Not saying it’s not possible, but I’m suspicious. See a message here that is supposedly from the police chief (fourth post): http://www.alipac.us/f9/true-false-swat-team-performs-realistic-hijacking-drill-real-children-285835/ While I can’t find any official press release or other info on the police department’s website, I still think it’s more plausible that the television report was incomplete than that the kids were tricked, if for no other reason than that schools tend to do everything they can to avoid potential lawsuits, and doing this without the consent of the kids would be like a recipe for lawsuits. Of course, all this leaves aside the questions of whether or not such a drill is ever necessary, even with the consent of the participants, and of whether teenagers under 18 are capable of giving informed consent. augustgardener is a BuzzFeed user and their posts have not been vetted or endorsed by BuzzFeed's editorial staff. BuzzFeed Community is a place where anyone can post awesome lists and creations. Learn more or post your buzz!

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Skip to contentU.S. National Institutes of Health | www.cancer.govNovember 1, 2005 • Volume 2 / Number 42 E-Mail This Document | Download PDF | Bulletin Archive/Search | Subscribe Bulletin Home Featured Article Fused Genes Found in Some Prostate Tumors Director's Update Electronic Grants Submission: Are You and Your Institution Ready? Spotlight Initiative Tackles Link Between Energy Balance, Obesity, Cancer Risk Cancer Research Highlights Immune Responses to Chemotherapy Could Lead to New Treatments Mutations in microRNA Genes Found in Leukemia Patients Urine Test for Bladder Cancer Proves Accurate Featured Clinical Trial Combination Therapy for Advanced Melanoma Funding Opportunities Notes President's Cancer Panel Meets to Discuss Recommendations NCI Staff Honored ABC News Features Lung Cancer and Smoking in November CCR Grand Rounds Community Update Number of Clinical Trial Registrations Increases Bulletin Archive NCI Cancer Bulletin ArchiveNCI Cancer Bulletin Archive Print This DocumentEmail This DocumentView/Print PDFShare Fused Genes Found in Some Prostate Tumors Researchers have identified several genes that are consistently merged, or fused, in some prostate tumors and could potentially be used to detect the disease. The discovery is the first example of gene rearrangements recurring in a solid tumor, although such changes are a hallmark of some blood cancers.The findings, reported in the October 28 Science, suggest that prostate cancer is not a special case and that other common cancers such as lung, breast, and colon may involve recurrent gene rearrangements. The study was completed in less than 4 months, and the initial results surprised even the researchers themselves."We were surprised because these types of gene rearrangements have been associated with leukemia and lymphoma but not with solid tumors," says Dr. Arul Chinnaiyan of the University of Michigan Medical School, who led the study. "To find this change in a majority of prostate cancers suggests that it is important in the disease." Read more Guest Update by Dr. Paulette S. Gray Electronic Grants Submission: Are You and Your Institution Ready? The National Institutes of Health (NIH), including the National Cancer Institute (NCI), provide extensive financial support for researchers in the United States and throughout the world to understand, prevent, and cure diseases and chronic disorders. Acquiring NIH support begins with the submission of a grant application. Until now, this process has been entirely paper based, requiring extensive organization, printing, scanning, and data-entry hours - both on the investigator's end and at NIH.Beginning this winter, the application process will transition from a paper-based operation to an electronic grants submission system. This ambitious changeover will occur in stages, beginning with the December 1, 2005, submission deadline for small business applicants. We expect the entire transition to be completed by May 2007. Read more The NCI Cancer Bulletin is produced by the National Cancer Institute (NCI). NCI, which was established in 1937, leads the national effort to eliminate the suffering and death due to cancer. Through basic, clinical, and population-based biomedical research and training, NCI conducts and supports research that will lead to a future in which we can identify the environmental and genetic causes of cancer, prevent cancer before it starts, identify cancers that do develop at the earliest stage, eliminate cancers through innovative treatment interventions, and biologically control those cancers that we cannot eliminate so they become manageable, chronic diseases. For more information on cancer, call 1-800-4-CANCER or visit http://www.cancer.gov. NCI Cancer Bulletin staff can be reached at ncicancerbulletin@mail.nih.gov. Fused Genes Found in Some Prostate Tumors Researchers have identified several genes that are consistently merged, or fused, in some prostate tumors and could potentially be used to detect the disease. The discovery is the first example of gene rearrangements recurring in a solid tumor, although such changes are a hallmark of some blood cancers.The findings, reported in the October 28 Science, suggest that prostate cancer is not a special case and that other common cancers such as lung, breast, and colon may involve recurrent gene rearrangements. The study was completed in less than 4 months, and the initial results surprised even the researchers themselves."We were surprised because these types of gene rearrangements have been associated with leukemia and lymphoma but not with solid tumors," says Dr. Arul Chinnaiyan of the University of Michigan Medical School, who led the study. "To find this change in a majority of prostate cancers suggests that it is important in the disease."The researchers estimate that between 60 and 80 percent of prostate cancers have the rearrangement. They are developing techniques to detect the change in urine and blood.When the rearrangement occurs, one of two cancer genes, ETV1 or ERG, fuses with part of another gene, TMPRSS2. As a result of this fusion, the fused genes, which control other genes, become regulated by the hormone androgen and are at risk of stimulating too much genetic activity in the tumor cell."This is fantastic work," comments Dr. William Isaacs, professor of urology and oncology at Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. "The results need to be independently replicated, but I have every reason to think this will happen rapidly."The rearrangement may have gone undetected until now because solid tumors involve an overwhelming number of nonspecific, random aberrations.To address this problem, two graduate students in Dr. Chinnaiyan's laboratory, Scott Tomlins and Daniel Rhodes, developed an algorithm that sifts through data on gene activity to find genes that are highly active in subsets of tumors.Using the algorithm, called Cancer Outlier Profile Analysis, the team determined that ETV1 and ERG were highly active in some prostate tumors.Further study revealed that one but not both of these genes frequently fuses with TMPRSS2 in prostate tumors. "This was a clue that the rearrangement played an important role in the development of prostate cancer," says Mr. Tomlins, noting that single fusion events typically cause some types of blood cancer.Drugs could potentially be developed to inhibit the mutant genes, although this could take years. The drug imatinib (Gleevec), for instance, targets the gene fusion that causes chronic myelogenous leukemia."There are profound implications for diagnosis and treatment if it can be shown that this rearrangement occurs at the earliest stages of prostate cancer," says Dr. Sudhir Srivastava, chief of NCI's Cancer Biomarkers Research Program and director of the Early Detection Research Network, one of the NCI programs supporting the study.The study does not demonstrate cause and effect, but "we know from other diseases that gene rearrangements are one of the major mechanisms in cancer," says Dr. Jacob Kagan, program director of NCI's Cancer Biomarkers Research Group. "We would now expect that there would be recurrent gene rearrangements in other common cancers as well."By Edward R. Winstead Guest Update by Dr. Paulette S. Gray Electronic Grants Submission: Are You and Your Institution Ready? The National Institutes of Health (NIH), including the National Cancer Institute (NCI), provide extensive financial support for researchers in the United States and throughout the world to understand, prevent, and cure diseases and chronic disorders. Acquiring NIH support begins with the submission of a grant application. Until now, this process has been entirely paper based, requiring extensive organization, printing, scanning, and data-entry hours - both on the investigator's end and at NIH.Beginning this winter, the application process will transition from a paper-based operation to an electronic grants submission system. This ambitious changeover will occur in stages, beginning with the December 1, 2005, submission deadline for small business applicants. We expect the entire transition to be completed by May 2007.Electronic submission should provide a more efficient system and allow NIH to shorten the cycle from application receipt to award. Early feasibility studies using Academic Research Enhancement Awards saved enough time to allow an extra month between the request for applications and the submission deadline. The new system will save countless hours of human effort and millions of pieces of paper per year - an important contribution to environmental conservation. Applicants also will have faster access to summary statements and peer review outcomes.For members of the cancer community who will apply for NIH funding using the new system, it is time to start preparing. Many familiar aspects of the grants process will be changing. Perhaps foremost, after the transition we will no longer use the PHS 398 forms. Instead, investigators will need to use the SF 424 Research and Related application. There will also be several new steps to the application process. Importantly, before any of their investigators can submit an electronic application, each institution must register with www.Grants.gov, the government's access point to electronically find and apply for competitive grant opportunities from all federal grant-making agencies.In addition, both the investigator and the investigator's institution will need to complete a one-time registration with the NIH Electronic Research Administration (eRA) Commons. Unlike before, only the institution's Authorized Organization Representative (AOR) for Grants.gov will be able to perform the actual application submission, and the application must be verified online by the AOR/Signing Official and the principal investigator before submission is considered complete. This will require advance planning and collaboration between investigators and their institutions.So what are the main things investigators and institutions can do to prepare?Register early with Grants.gov and the eRA Commons. Investigators and institutions must do this and should not wait until the last minute. Even if the appropriate forms are complete, a late registration could cause a missed deadline.Become familiar with the new process. An extensive amount of helpful material on this subject can be found at http://era.nih.gov/ElectronicReceipt/, which includes the transition timeline and a comprehensive FAQ on electronic submission as well as the NIH Transition Plan.NCI's extramural staff are ready and willing to help make this transition as seamless a process as possible. We look forward to working with you during these exciting times. Initiative Tackles Link Between Energy Balance, Obesity, Cancer Risk During a trip to the grocery store, a Hispanic mother and her teenage son reach for a sleeve of corn tortillas. But, a personal shopper instructs them to choose the low-carb, whole-wheat tortillas. As they move through the store, the personal shopper offers other suggestions, usually to purchase items high in fiber and low in sugar. A few days later, the shopper provides a cooking demonstration for the mother, her son, and other Hispanic parents and their overweight teenagers. One item on the menu: a whole-wheat tortilla quesadilla stuffed with steamed veggies and jack cheese, topped with avocado and tomatoes.This wouldn't normally be the kind of activity associated with a randomized clinical trial. But under the auspices of NCI's new Transdisciplinary Research on Energetics in Cancer (TREC) initiative, it's part of a trial to help prevent overweight Hispanic and African American teens from progressing to obesity. Led by Dr. Michael Goran and colleagues at the University of Southern California - one of four institutions awarded grants under the 5-year, $54 million initiative - the trial will test whether such nutritional counseling, with or without regular strength training, can decrease body mass index."We've already shown in previous work that for a very overweight population, strength training is actually a form of exercise [they] can do and succeed at pretty quickly, so it gets them hooked on the process," Dr. Goran explains.Strength training also has been shown to have significant metabolic benefits in adults, he adds, such as improving insulin resistance and the expression of related growth factors. Both have been tapped as potential links between obesity and cancer. "We think strength training can improve metabolic health in ways that will influence risk of disease," Dr. Goran says.The trial is indicative of the broader investigation of the link between energy balance - the combined effects of factors such as diet, physical activity, and genetics over a lifetime - and cancer risk that NCI is pursuing with the TREC initiative."We're looking at issues beyond just diet or exercise alone and addressing the link between energetics and cancer risk from cells to society," says Dr. Linda Nebeling, of the Behavioral Research Program in NCI's Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences (DCCPS).Research at the four TREC centers, she says, will test interventions, but also holistically assess how body weight, diet, exercise, environment, and other factors affect physiologic systems and intracellular pathways to see whether and how they influence carcinogenesis.TREC also is part of an important NCI goal, stresses DCCPS director Dr. Robert Croyle."NCI is determined to avoid an increase in cancer deaths in the 21st century due to obesity such as the one caused by tobacco in the 20th century," he says.The available data support that concern. Overweight and obesity are estimated to contribute to about 90,000 cancer deaths a year. Excess pounds are thought to significantly increase the risk of at least nine cancer types, including endometrial, kidney, and colon cancer. Obese men, for example, have twice the risk of developing colorectal cancer as men of normal weight. Obesity is also considered a principal culprit behind the increase in some once-rare cancers, including esophageal adenocarcinoma, which is increasing in incidence in the United States faster than any other cancer.Obese postmenopausal women have a 50 percent higher risk of breast cancer than their nonobese counterparts, says Dr. Anne McTiernan, the principal investigator for the TREC projects being conducted through Fred Hutchison Cancer Research Center, which also serves as the coordination center for the initiative. One project will assess, in a rat model of breast cancer, how factors such as food restriction and physical activity influence the carcinogenic process. A similar project will be conducted in more than 500 postmenopausal women participating in a clinical trial funded partly through TREC.Nearly all of the projects at the other two TREC centers - Case Western Reserve University and the University of Minnesota - will attempt to discover the biologic and physiologic mechanisms by which obesity increases cancer risk."There are several reasons why it is important to learn the mechanisms," Dr. McTiernan says. New insights into the mechanisms could influence recommended prevention measures, such as whether exercise alone is sufficient to reduce risk or if being lean is also required.And learning more about the mechanisms may allow researchers to test new preventive interventions or treatments. "For example," Dr. McTiernan continues, "if we learn that insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia explain the association between obesity, being sedentary, and cancer risk, then perhaps we could treat patients with metformin, which reduces insulin resistance, either as a chemopreventive agent or as an adjuvant treatment for cancer patients."By Carmen Phillips Immune Responses to Chemotherapy Could Lead to New TreatmentsResearchers at NCI's Center for Cancer Research (CCR) have discovered a mechanism by which cancer patients' immune systems respond to chemotherapy. The new finding changes the current understanding of how the immune system responds to chemotherapy and could lead to opportunities for new treatments based on enhancing the body's immune response to the disease. The study findings appear in the November 2005 issue of Nature Medicine.The researchers examined immune recovery in 26 young cancer patients with pediatric sarcomas who received cyclophosphamide-based chemotherapy, which depleted lymphocytes - creating a condition known as lymphopenia. The patients were then infused with their own lymphocytes, which had been frozen and stored before chemotherapy began. Researchers examined the effect of this treatment on the patients' immune recovery with or without recombinant interleukin-2 (IL-2), an agent that has been considered capable of restoring an immune system weakened by chemotherapy.The researchers reported that the patients who received IL-2 showed a marked increase in suppressor T cells after chemotherapy. "This is a surprising result, since IL-2 has been considered an immune activator, not a suppressor," comments Dr. Crystal L. Mackall, head of CCR's Pediatric Oncology Branch Immunology Section and study co-author.They also discovered that the suppressor T cells that appeared following chemotherapy and IL-2 were derived from existing T cells. "If a patient with lymphocyte depletion was also depleted of suppressor cells, the immune system would be predicted to be highly reactive - and responsive to antitumor vaccines - and therefore may be better able to fight cancer," Dr. Mackall explains. CCR is planning a new clinical trial to test this approach. Mutations in microRNA Genes Found in Leukemia PatientsAbout 10 percent of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have mutations in genes for microRNAs, and some of these mutations may be involved in initiating the disease, according to a study in the October 27 New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM).microRNA genes produce small molecules that control the levels of some proteins in cells by degrading or repressing the messenger RNA of these proteins. More than 200 human microRNA genes have been identified, and recent studies have indicated that the genes may play a role in some cancers.In the new study, Dr. Carlo Croce of the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center and his colleagues identified 13 micro RNA genes that represent a unique genetic "signature" and could potentially be used to distinguish between the two types of CLL. This distinction is critical because it determines the course of therapy.The researchers then screened the 13 microRNA genes for mutations using DNA from 75 patients with CLL. They identified mutations in 5 of 42 sequenced microRNAs in 11 patients but found no such mutations in 160 individuals without cancer.One of the mutations affects two microRNAs, miR15 and miR16; without these microRNAs, cells can become cancerous by producing too much of the protein Bcl-2. In the September 27 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Dr. Croce's team reported that introducing the missing microRNAs into these tumor cells in the laboratory killed the cells, suggesting a possible strategy for treating the disease."The experiments were pretty stunning because we could kill the cancer cells just by using miR15 and miR16," says Dr. Croce. "microRNAs are so small that they can get into cells, and we might not be too far from developing microRNA-based therapies.""The importance of microRNAs in cancer now seems clear," notes Dr. Chang-Zheng Chen of Stanford University School of Medicine, who wrote a commentary accompanying the article in NEJM. "The results of this study demonstrate that it may be necessary to systematically screen for mutations in all microRNA genes for other cancers." Urine Test for Bladder Cancer Proves AccurateA new urine test for bladder cancer successfully identifies 90 percent of cases, Italian authors report in a study published in the October 26 Journal of the American Medical Association. The test identifies high levels of the enzyme telomerase, a hallmark of most cancers.The authors say that the invasiveness and limited sensitivity of current detection techniques, such as cystoscopy, beg the development of a better test. "The test...requires a small amount of urine, is noninvasive, inexpensive, and easy to perform…. Furthermore, it is objective, reproducible, and specific, and is not reliant on the expertise of the cytopathologist," they write. The test also identifies low-grade tumors generally missed by traditional techniques.The study evaluated the telomerase assay in 134 men with bladder cancer diagnosed with traditional techniques and in 84 healthy men. The technicians performing the telomerase assay did not know the status of each volunteer. The researchers included only men because bladder cancer is three times more prevalent in men than in women. A previous pilot study prompted this larger follow-up.While detecting 90 percent of cases, the test also correctly identified 88 percent of healthy volunteers. The false-positive rate was 12 percent. The test performed slightly better in men younger than 75 years of age than in older men.While encouraged by their results, the researchers caution that the test should not be used for routine screening. Instead, they advocate testing for people at high risk - namely smokers and those who report blood in their urine. Combination Therapy for Advanced Melanoma Name of the TrialPhase III Randomized Study of Carboplatin and Paclitaxel with versus without Sorafenib in Patients with Unresectable Stage III or Stage IV Melanoma (ECOG-E2603). See the protocol summary at http://cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/ECOG-E2603. Principal InvestigatorsDr. Keith Flaherty and Dr. Lynn Mara Schuchter, Eastern Cooperative Oncology GroupWhy Is This Trial Important?Approximately 60,000 people in the United States will be diagnosed with melanoma in 2005. While early-stage melanoma is typically curable with surgery, melanoma that has spread (metastasized) is difficult to treat and often proves fatal.In this clinical trial, researchers are testing chemotherapy with the drugs carboplatin and paclitaxel in combination with a new drug called sorafenib (BAY 43-9006). Sorafenib works by blocking the activity of proteins important for cell proliferation and for generating new blood vessels to tumors (angiogenesis). Many melanoma tumors carry a mutation in a gene called B-RAF, which in turn produces a protein called Raf kinase. This protein facilitates cellular processes that lead to tumor cell proliferation and survival. Sorafenib blocks the Raf kinase protein and interrupts these processes. It also inhibits a protein called vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), which helps tumors grow the blood vessels needed for nourishment. Researchers hope that sorafenib will weaken melanoma tumors and enhance the cell-killing effects of chemotherapy."No therapy has yet produced a clear survival benefit for patients with advanced melanoma," said Dr. Flaherty. "Because of the dual nature of sorafenib's activity and the results we have seen with this combination in an earlier study, we believe this therapy is the most promising so far for prolonging survival of these patients."Who Can Join This Trial?Researchers seek to enroll 800 patients aged 18 and over with stage III or stage IV melanoma that cannot be removed surgically. See the list of eligibility criteria at http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/ECOG-E2603.Where Is This Trial Taking Place?Multiple study sites in the United States are recruiting patients for this trial. See the list of study sites at http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/ECOG-E2603.Contact InformationSee the list of study contacts at http://www.cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/ECOG-E2603 or call NCI's Cancer Information Service at 1-800-4-CANCER (1-800-422-6237). The call is toll free and completely confidential. An archive of "Featured Clinical Trial" columns is available at http://cancer.gov/clinicaltrials/ft-all-featured-trials. Featured Meetings and EventsA calendar of scientific meetings and events sponsored by the National Institutes of Health is available at http://calendar.nih.gov/cgi-bin/calendarIntegration of Heterogeneous Data Sources (STTR [R41/R42])PA-06-010 Application Receipt Dates: New, competing continuation, revised, supplemental applications: Dec. 1, 2005; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2006; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2007. AIDS and AIDS-Related Applications (New, competing continuation, revised, and supplemental): Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2006; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2007.This is a renewal of PA-05-003. This funding opportunity will use the R41 and R42 award mechanisms. For more information, see http://cri.nci.nih.gov/4abst.cfm?initiativeparfa_id=3273.Inquiries: Dr. Margaret Grabb - mgrabb@mail.nih.govIntegration of Heterogeneous Data Sources (SBIR [R43/R44])PA-06-011Application Receipt Date: New, competing continuation, revised, supplemental applications: Dec. 1, 2005; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2006; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2007. AIDS and AIDS-Related Applications (New, competing continuation, revised, and supplemental): Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2006; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2007.This is a renewal of PA-05-003. This funding opportunity will use the R43 and R44 award mechanisms. For more information, see http://cri.nci.nih.gov/4abst.cfm?initiativeparfa_id=3274.Inquiries: Dr. Jennifer Couch - couchj@mail.nih.govManufacturing Processes of Medical, Dental, and Biological Technologies (STTR [R41/R42])PA-06-012Application Receipt Dates: New, competing continuation, revised, supplemental applications: Dec. 1, 2005; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2006; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2007; Apr. 1, and Aug. 1, 2008. AIDS and AIDS-Related Applications (New, competing continuation, revised, and supplemental): Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2006; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2007; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2008.This is a renewal of PA-04-161. This funding opportunity will use the R41 and R42 award mechanisms. For more information, see http://cri.nci.nih.gov/4abst.cfm?initiativeparfa_id=3275.Inquiries: Dr. Greg Downing - downingg@mail.nih.govManufacturing Processes of Medical, Dental, and Biological Technologies (SBIR [R43/R44])PA-06-013Application Receipt Dates: New, competing continuation, revised, supplemental applications: Dec. 1, 2005; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2006; Apr. 1, Aug. 1, and Dec. 1, 2007; Apr. 1 and Aug. 1, 2008. AIDS and AIDS-Related Applications (New, competing continuation, revised, and supplemental): Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2006; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2007; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2008.This is a renewal of PA-04-161. This funding opportunity will use the R43 and R44 award mechanisms. For more information, see http://cri.nci.nih.gov/4abst.cfm?initiativeparfa_id=3276.Inquiries: Dr. Greg Downing - downingg@mail.nih.govNIH Support for Conferences and Scientific Meetings (R13/U13)PA-06-041Application Receipt Dates: New, competing continuation, revised, and supplemental applications: Dec. 15, 2005; Apr. 15, Aug. 15, and Dec. 15, 2006; Apr. 15, Aug. 15, and Dec. 15, 2007; Apr. 15 and Aug. 15, 2008. AIDS and AIDS-Related Applications (New, competing continuation, revised, and supplemental): Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2006; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2007; Jan. 2, May 1, and Sept. 1, 2008.This is a renewal of PAR-03-176. This funding opportunity will use the R13 and U13 award mechanisms. For more information, see http://cri.nci.nih.gov/4abst.cfm?initiativeparfa_id=3271.Inquiries: David Contois - ncirefof@dea.nci.nih.govDissemination and Implementation Research in HealthPAR-06-039Letter of Intent Receipt Dates: Dec. 26, 2005; Aug. 22, 2006; Apr. 24, 2007; Dec. 26, 2007; Aug. 25, 2008; Apr. 22, 2009.Application Receipt Dates: New, competing continuation, revised, supplemental applications: Jan. 24 and Sept. 22, 2006; May 24, 2007; Jan. 24 and Sept. 24, 2008; May 22, 2009. AIDS and AIDS-Related Applications (New, competing continuation, revised, and supplemental): May 1, 2006; Jan. 2 and Sept. 1, 2007; May 1, 2008; Jan. 2 and Sept. 1, 2009.This is a renewal of PA-02-131. This funding opportunity will use the R01 award mechanism. For more information, see http://cri.nci.nih.gov/4abst.cfm?initiativeparfa_id=3280.Inquiries: Dr. Jon F. Kerner - kernerj@mail.nih.gov CCR Grand RoundsNovember 8: Dr. Jeffrey M. Trent, President and Scientific Director, Translational Genomics Research Institute; "Towards Systems Medicine: Applications in Bio-Defense" November 15: Dr. Mark Levine, Chief, Molecular and Clinical Nutrition Section, Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases; "Ascorbic Acid in Humans: Tight Control and Unexpected Consequences for Cancer Therapy"CCR Grand Rounds are held 8:30 to 9:30 a.m. at the NIH campus in Bethesda, Md., in the Clinical Center's Lipsett Amphitheater. President's Cancer Panel Meets to Discuss Recommendations The President's Cancer Panel held two meetings in Washington, D.C., on October 24 and 25 to follow up on selected recommendations from its 2004-2005 annual report, Translating Research Into Cancer Care: Delivering on the Promise, which identified and discussed existing barriers to translating research into clinical practice. Last week's meetings focused on team science and the culture of research, workforce infrastructure, dissemination, and community participation. To catalyze action in these areas, the Panel assembled key stakeholders and decision makers to assess progress, identify critical next steps, and encourage collaboration. The results of these meetings will be published in the 2005-2006 annual report of the President's Cancer Panel, expected to be released in June 2006. For additional information about the Panel, go to http://pcp.cancer.gov or call 301-451-9399. NCI Staff HonoredOn October 26, NCI staff were honored for their outstanding contributions to the institute and to cancer research at the 2005 NCI Director's Awards Ceremony. NCI Director Dr. Andrew C. von Eschenbach presided over the ceremony to thank the staff for their exceptional work.Among those recognized at the ceremony were the recipients of the NCI Director's Gold Star Award: Dr. Lee J. Helman for his management of the Clinical Research Program and willingness to assume the duties of Acting Director, Scientific Research; Sharon Miller for her innovative work in the Research Contracts Branch; and Dr. Edward Trimble for his efforts on international partnerships to reduce the burden of gynecologic cancer around the world.In his remarks, Dr. von Eschenbach emphasized that, because of the dedication and hard work of the staff, NCI is making progress toward its goal of eliminating the suffering and death due to cancer.A full list of this year's recipients is available at http://www.cancer.gov/directors-awards. ABC News Features Lung Cancer and Smoking in NovemberDuring November, ABC-TV's World News Tonight will launch "Quit to Live: Fighting Lung Cancer," a series of reports on smoking cessation and lung cancer prevention. The reports, airing three to five times each week, will highlight smoking cessation, public policy on smoking and tobacco, and recent medical advances on lung cancer treatment and prevention.The network is partnering with NCI, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the North American Quitline Consortium to provide resources to help people quit smoking. ABC will direct viewers to the national toll-free quitline phone number (800-QUIT NOW, 800-784-8669), which automatically connects callers to their state-based quitlines, and to the smokefree.gov Web site for additional resources on smoking cessation and lung cancer. The network Web site, ABCNEWS.com, will also devote a portion of the site to the series. Number of Clinical Trial Registrations Increases In an encouraging sign for both oncologists and patients, the number of open clinical trials listed in U.S. and international clinical trial registries is on the rise. This trend reflects several factors, including an effort by the editors of the world's leading medical journals to broaden the registries' offerings.Giving physicians and patients a more complete picture of the trials that are currently open to patient enrollment potentially increases the available treatment options they can consider. Because some registries also include information about closed trials, increasing the completeness of those registries makes them more valuable to researchers who may be planning future trials or want to know more about trials that have been conducted in the past.The availability of a publicly accessible, comprehensive clinical trial registry is a relatively recent event. NCI's Physician Data Query (PDQ®) clinical trial registry, which was started in 1977, is perhaps the world's oldest continuously operating registry, but PDQ focuses only on cancer trials and registration in PDQ is largely voluntary.Trial registration became more comprehensive and compulsory with the passage of the 1997 FDA Modernization Act (FDAMA). FDAMA requires the registration of all phase II or higher trials conducted under an FDA Investigational New Drug application in which the efficacy of a treatment for a serious or life-threatening condition is being tested. FDAMA also led to the creation of ClinicalTrials.gov (http://clinicaltrials.gov) as the central clinical trial registry for the United States. ClinicalTrials.gov is managed by the U.S. National Library of Medicine at NIH.Analyses conducted by FDA in 2002 and 2004 revealed that compliance with FDAMA's trial registration requirements was less than complete. For example, during the 3-month period from May through July 2004, FDA found that NIH had registered 95 percent of the required trials it funds in ClinicalTrials.gov. In contrast, only 66 percent of the required trials sponsored by the pharmaceutical industry had been registered.In 2004, the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors issued a directive: Beginning on July 1, 2005, any trial that is not registered in ClinicalTrials.gov or another acceptable registry before the start of patient enrollment will not be considered for publication in a peer-reviewed journal. Ongoing trials were to be registered no later than September 13, 2005. The result has been just what the editors hoped for: a significant increase in the number of registered trials."The number of cancer trials submitted for registration in PDQ and ClinicalTrials.gov has literally exploded, climbing approximately tenfold between April and September of this year," said Dr. Richard Manrow, associate director of NCI's Office of Cancer Content Management, which maintains PDQ.In an effort to keep the cancer trials listed in PDQ and ClinicalTrials.gov as synchronous as possible, the two registries regularly share trial information. ClinicalTrials.gov also prefers one source of submission for the clinical trials sponsored by each NIH institute or center. For NCI, PDQ is that source. Trials in PDQ are also listed on NCI's Web site, www.cancer.gov.

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www.cancer.gov

Cancer Drug Information Other Drug ResourcesA to Z List of Cancer DrugsDrugs Approved for Different Types of CancerDrugs Approved for Conditions Related to CancerNCI Dictionary of Cancer TermsNCI Drug Dictionary This page contains brief information about the drug combination called BEP. The drugs in the combination are listed, and links to individual drug summaries are included. Drugs in the BEP combination:B = Bleomycin E = Etoposide P = Cisplatin (Platinol)Chemotherapy is often given as a combination of drugs. Combinations usually work better than single drugs because different drugs kill cancer cells in different ways.Each of the drugs in this combination is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat cancer or conditions related to cancer.Use in CancerBEP is used to treat:Ovarian germ cell tumors that are malignant.Testicular germ cell tumors that are malignant.This combination may also be used with other drugs or treatments or to treat other types of cancer.More About BEPDefinition from the NCI Drug Dictionary - Detailed scientific definition and other names for this drug.Important: The drug information on this page is meant to be educational. It is not a substitute for medical advice. The information may not cover all possible uses, actions, interactions, or side effects of this drug, or precautions to be taken while using it. Please see your health care professional for more information about your specific medical condition and the use of this drug.Back to Top

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May 5, 2009 • Volume 6 / Number 9| About the Bulletin| Archive/Search | Current Issue Home COMMENTARYDirector's Update:Enabling the Evolution of OncologyA Conversation withDr. Kenneth BuetowcaBIG® ToolsNEWSRecovery Act Boosts BioinformaticsCancer Genomics: Building Haystacks, Finding NeedlesElectronic Health Records Emerging as Important Care, Research ToolComputational Modeling Paints a Picture of the FutureLearn MoreHIGHLIGHTSMutant Protein Implicated in Diffuse Large B-cell LymphomaTesting Breast Tumors May Predict Response to ChemotherapyMore Gene Mutations Found in Childhood LeukemiaDutasteride May Reduce Prostate Cancer RiskCancer Incidence Could Rise Sharply in Coming DecadesImmunotherapy Improves Survival in Metastatic Prostate CancerUPDATESNotesAbout the BulletinSubscribe Now!Give Us FeedbackTell us what you think about the Bulletin or what you want to see in the Bulletin. COMMENTARY Director's Update: Enabling the Evolution of OncologyRadio transripts from the 1960s reveal how a relatively new technology, the computer, had begun to alter research and the practice of medicine. "We have made extensive use [of computers] so far, but I think much more lies in the future," said then NCI Director Dr. Carl G Baker during one such interview. "Massive amounts of information accumulate very rapidly." Read more > >A Conversation with...Dr. Kenneth BuetowThe director of NCI's Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology talks about caBIG®, which provides bioinformatics infrastructure and a portfolio of more than 40 tools that enable organizations and individual researchers to securely share biomedical data. Read more > >caBIG® Tools and the 21st Century Biomedical ParadigmThis diagram illustrates how the tools that have been developed through NCI's caBIG® project will enable the seamless integration of data from bench to bedside, making cancer research and patient treatment more efficient, and realizing the benefits of personalized medicine.NEWSRecovery Act Boosts BioinformaticsTop federal health information technology officials are predicting that the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 will help push development and adoption of health IT and interconnectivity to dramatically new levels over the coming years. Read more > >Cancer Genomics: Building Haystacks, Finding NeedlesComputational algorithms are being used to organize and sift through the recent explosion of genomic information about tumorsElectronic Health Records Emerging as Important Care, Research ToolElectronic health record systems are beginning to demonstrate their utility in research, and NCI is collaborating with ASCO to develop tools for more widespread adoptionComputational Modeling Paints a Picture of the FutureIn silico research can provide substantial time and cost savings to researchers by highlighting the most promising avenues for future researchLearn MoreResources for funding, collaboration, and guidance can be found throughout NCI's divisions, as well as the Department of Health and Human Services Print this issue Printing help Send to a colleagueSubscribe Now! Email HIGHLIGHTSSUPPLEMENT TO THE SPECIAL ISSUEMutant Protein Implicated in Diffuse Large B-cell LymphomaCommon genetic changes may disable a protein that could block tumorsTesting Breast Tumors May Predict Response to ChemotherapyProfiling the genes HER2 and TOP2A could help guide the selection of therapiesMore Gene Mutations Found in Childhood LeukemiaEvidence further implicates JAK genes in acute lymphoblastic leukemiaDutasteride May Reduce Prostate Cancer RiskPreliminary results show the drug cut risk by 23 percent compared to placeboCancer Incidence Could Rise Sharply in Coming DecadesGrowing populations of older adults and minorities will drive increase in the U.S.Immunotherapy Improves Survival in Metastatic Prostate CancerTherapeutic vaccine shows modest benefit in phase III trialUPDATESSUPPLEMENT TO THE SPECIAL ISSUENotesNew HHS Secretary Sworn InNCI's Lowy Elected to NASNCI's Ross Wins 2009 Kretchmer AwardCCR Eminent Lecture Series Features Dr. Andrew FireTelephone Workshop Series for Cancer SurvivorsDCLG Accepting NominationsNCI to Highlight Translational Research Resources at 2009 BIO International Convention The NCI Cancer Bulletin is produced by the National Cancer Institute (NCI), which was established in 1937. Through basic, clinical, and population-based biomedical research and training, NCI conducts and supports research that will lead to a future in which we can identify the environmental and genetic causes of cancer, prevent cancer before it starts, identify cancers that do develop at the earliest stage, eliminate cancers through innovative treatment interventions, and biologically control those cancers that we cannot eliminate so they become manageable, chronic diseases.For more information about cancer, call 1-800-4-CANCER or visit http://www.cancer.gov.NCI Cancer Bulletin staff can be reached at ncicancerbulletin@mail.nih.gov. Special Issue: BioinformaticsDirector's Update: Enabling the Evolution of Oncology Dr. John E. NiederhuberRadio transcripts from the 1960s reveal how a relatively new technology, the computer, had begun to alter research and the practice of medicine. "We have made extensive use [of computers] so far, but I think much more lies in the future," said then NCI Director Dr. Carl G. Baker during one such interview. "Massive amounts of information accumulate very rapidly."Dr. Baker's comments hinted at what we see today, a time when journal publications and research conferences regularly reveal new ways to identify the nuances of a person's biological profile that may help tailor interventions for cancer to maximize clinical benefit and mitigate potential harm. We are entering the age of personalized medicine.However, a robust bioinformatics infrastructure is critical for achieving truly individualized care. That means developing the tools necessary to mine and analyze the vast amounts of clinical, molecular, and epidemiologic data.I'm proud to say that we are moving in that direction. For example, using an approach whereby glioblastoma (GBM) tumor samples were painstakingly characterized using different genomic strategies, researchers with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) identified new mutations, a core set of often simultaneously deregulated molecular pathways, and a potential mechanism of resistance to the most commonly used chemotherapy agent for GBM. In effect, three actionable findings from a sophisticated, collaborative analysis that could eventually lead to more tailored treatments for patients with this disease.TCGA, like many other advances reported on regularly in the NCI Cancer Bulletin, would not exist without the underlying technology that enables these discoveries. That is why we are highlighting in this special issue of the NCI Cancer Bulletin the role of bioinformatics in cancer research and issues that surround its development and adoption. Computers from the 1960sAt NCI, we are investing heavily in developing a nationwide bioinformatics structure, most notably through our Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology and our landmark initiative, the cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid, or caBIG®. Our goal is to create a seamless system for the storage and access of data—a system that facilitates data exchange and collaboration, so that a cancer center in California can easily interface with a community oncology center in Tennessee. In this way, the same data a community oncologist uses to work with a patient in making a treatment decision can also be used by researchers analyzing whether a new screening test improves survival.A key element in this bioinformatics equation will eventually be electronic health records (EHRs). President Obama and his administration have directed a significant portion of ARRA funding for health information technology, including EHRs, and NCI staff in various divisions are working on important EHR-related projects.The topic of bioinformatics is remarkably broad. I encourage you to follow up with our staff and the programs listed in the following articles to find out more about their tools and projects and how you can get involved.Dr. John E. NiederhuberDirector, National Cancer Institute Special Issue: BioinformaticsA Conversation with Dr. Kenneth Buetow Dr. Kenneth BuetowDirector of NCI's Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology and leader of the caBIG® (cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid) initiative, which provides bioinformatics infrastructure and a portfolio of more than 40 tools that enable organizations and individual researchers to securely share biomedical data.How has caBIG® addressed interoperablity with the proprietary systems in place at some institutions?There are two paths to connect with caBIG®: "adoption" and "adaptation." Many institutions choose a hybrid approach of adopting some caBIG® tools and adapting some of their existing IT infrastructure using published compatibility guidelines to become caBIG®-compliant. All caBIG® tools and information are released under a "non-viral" open-source license that allows commercial reuse of caBIG® technology, so that vendors may become caBIG®-compatible. We have adopted internationally recognized data standards or worked with professional organizations to develop vocabularies, common data elements, and data models where such standards did not exist or were inadequate, simplifying our ability to connect with other systems. Because caBIG® supports data federation, organizations maintain control over their own data. We recently demonstrated health data exchange between systems at the Department of Defense and Kaiser Permanente using interoperable caBIG® clinical trials management software, bridging what has traditionally been perceived as an insurmountable chasm between research and care.How are issues surrounding information security addressed?The Data Sharing and Intellectual Capital Workspace of caBIG® addresses this issue, and provides guidelines and tools to help researchers evaluate the sensitivity of their data and address federal privacy regulations, human participant protections, sponsor contract compliance, and proprietary interests. In addition, the caGrid architecture is based on the open-source Globus toolkit with additional enhanced security infrastructure that provides services and tools for the administration and enforcement of security policy.What is next for caBIG®?The past year has been one of huge accomplishments for the caBIG® program. Fifty NCI-designated Cancer Centers and members of the NCCCP have connected to each other via caGrid, creating the world's largest dedicated biomedical research grid, with more than 120 active grid nodes. To support the continued growth of the community, the Enterprise Support Network was established, composed of six Knowledge Centers, each supporting a scientific domain or collection of caBIG® tools. In addition, Support Service Providers—almost 20 to date—assist researchers and organizations who are connecting to caBIG® and require training, installation, or tool customization, on a fee-for-service basis.Beyond the United States, caBIG® and the National Cancer Research Institute in the UK have been working together and adopting complementary technologies for years. Several caBIG® members recently traveled to India to meet with representatives of the health ministry, leading research hospitals, and the Center for the Development of Advanced Computing. We look forward to many more productive interactions in the future. In a vote of confidence for the quality and usefulness of caBIG® technology, the King Hussein Medical Center in Amman, Jordan, recently decided to implement caBIG® infrastructure across the entire hospital to provide data interoperability.For more information on the caBIG® program, I encourage everyone to read the recently published caBIG® 2008 Annual Report at http://cabig.cancer.gov/gettingconnected/caBIGresources/annualreport/. Special Issue: BioinformaticsRecovery Act Boosts BioinformaticsTop federal health information technology (IT) officials are predicting that the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA) will help push development and adoption of health IT and interconnectivity to dramatically new levels over the coming years. NCI's pioneering cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid® (caBIG®) project—and its current and prospective partners in the cancer research community—are likely to benefit substantially from the infusion of federal funding and new policies fostering these national economic recovery goals."With ARRA we finally have significant resources to build on the foundation that's been created for health IT and take this to the next level," said Kelly Cronin, director of the Office of Programs and Coordination at the HHS Office of the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology (HIT), during the April 16 World Health Care Congress in Washington, DC.She noted that ARRA provides two "buckets" of federal funding for developing health bioinformatics. The first bucket contains $2 billion in discretionary funds for HHS programs that foster health care workforce development and state grants for building health IT infrastructure. HHS will also fund regional extension centers and a national research center to provide technical assistance and implementation support for widespread adoption of health IT systems.The second bucket provides about $18 billion in incentive payments over 10 years, starting in 2011, through Medicare and Medicaid for physician practices and hospitals to become "meaningful users" of health IT and patient electronic health records. This includes incentives for providers to join the proposed Nationwide Health Information Network (NHIN) and share information across the network.Dr. Kenneth Buetow, director of NCI's Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, said, "NCI and caBIG® have been very active participants with the federal efforts to create the NHIN. When the first prototype of NHIN was demonstrated last December, we showed that caBIG® could interconnect with the national network. We're excited and optimistic about NCI's role and the role of the cancer community overall in this opportunity to be on the leading edge of the deployment of electronic health systems across the country."Among NCI's strategic focus for caBIG® in the next few years, Dr. Buetow explained, two activities stand out. First, NCI will guide the full-scale deployment of caBIG® among the NCI-designated Cancer Centers. NCI has worked closely with the Centers over the past 5 years to create the technological infrastructure and interconnected suites of research tools that make up caBIG®."The second strategic activity that's new to caBIG® is bringing the newly minted NCI Community Cancer Centers Program (NCCCP) into the network," Dr. Buetow continued. The 16 sites participating in the NCCCP pilot program have agreed to interconnect through caBIG®. "We believe that the investment by NCI is beginning to pay off with large-scale deployments of caBIG®," he added. "Now with the ability to connect much more directly through NCCCP to the sites of primary health care delivery, we'll be in a position to explore a much more efficient means of conducting clinical research and interconnecting with the community for primary oncology care delivery." Special Issue: BioinformaticsCancer Genomics: Building Haystacks, Finding NeedlesWithout computers and sophisticated mathematics to organize and sift through the recent explosion of genomic information about tumors, important clues to cancer might have remained hidden within jumbles of genetic code.But of course this has not happened. Instead, with increasing efficiency over the last decade, biological information has been gathered, stored on computer servers, and shared through the Internet. With the help of informatics, researchers around the world have been mining this repository of data and uncovering more than a few new cancer-related findings. Claude Monet “Grainstack (Sun in the Mist)” 1891, Oil on canvas Minneapolis Institute of ArtsOne surprise was the recent discovery of fused genes in prostate cancer. Gene fusions, which arise when DNA sequences from two genes merge inappropriately, are a hallmark of cancers of the blood. But they had eluded detection in "solid" tumors until 2005, when a bioinformatics approach was applied to the challenge.Researchers at the University of Michigan Medical School developed an algorithm to search an online database called Oncomine for unusual patterns of gene activity in subsets of prostate tumors. It's now known that fused genes are common in prostate tumors and may drive the disease. Fused genes have also been found in lung tumors and may yet be discovered in other common cancers.Like many online databases, Oncomine can be used to explore diverse questions about cancer biology, and it could not have been built in the days before bioinformatics. The database contains results from 20,000 microarray experiments, most of which collected information on thousands of genes.Another such bioinformatics resource is the Connectivity Map. Developed at the Broad Institute and supported by NCI's Integrative Cancer Biology Program, this is an online database of gene signatures that can help identify potential drugs for treating disease. Users can search for drugs that modify the genetic program of a cancer cell in a way that may benefit patients. Recent studies have yielded candidates for targeting leukemia stem cells and treating a rare leukemia.As with all such computational predictions, the findings need validation. Nonetheless, bioinformatics can provide leads when there are few other options. For example, computational algorithms have uncovered what are truly needles in the haystack of the human genome—microRNAs. First identified in other species, these snippets of genetic material are only about 22 nucleotides in length. But they are important regulators of genes and have been linked to cancer and metastasis.Bioinformatics can also help with a central challenge of cancer genomics: Distinguishing genetic alterations that initiate and fuel cancers (known as drivers) from changes that are merely present in tumors but do not contribute to the disease (the passengers). Computational tools can help identify potential drivers based on statistical measures such as how common a mutation is.With all studies of cancer genomes, the goal is always to translate knowledge into improvements in the prevention, detection, and treatment of the disease. Being able to collect and compare large amounts of clinical and genomic data can help achieve this goal, as a recent finding from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) project suggests.By comparing genomic and epigenomic data on brain tumors with the treatment records of patients, the study uncovered a potential mechanism of resistance to a cancer drug. While the insight itself is perhaps not unusual, the promise of bioinformatics is that by making such comparisons on a large scale and with powerful analytical tools, scientists can accelerate the pace of discovery. Special Issue: BioinformaticsElectronic Health Records Emerging as Important Care,Research ToolBringing EHRs to the CommunityBecause of their potential to improve care and clinical research, NCI and the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) are collaborating to bring EHRs to community hospitals and centers where most cancer patients receive their care. Under the collaboration, NCI and ASCO are establishing specifications for an oncology-specific EHR that will rely on caBIG® standards for interoperability.The specifications, expected to be completed later this year, are being developed based on open standards in use in the oncology community. The EHRs developed based on these specifications, which may come from industry, NCI, or both, will then be deployed to participants in NCI's National Community Cancer Center Program.With the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act set to spur their development and implementation, electronic health records (EHRs) are getting a lot of attention while businesses like Google and Wal-Mart have begun to develop their own EHR tools.The widespread adoption of EHRs, however, involves "huge challenges," acknowledged Dr. David Blumenthal, the National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. As a recent study he led documented, less than 2 percent of U.S. hospitals have a comprehensive EHR system in place. Cost, the study found, was the biggest obstacle to adoption.Despite some of the problems reported to date with EHRs, evidence is emerging that they can improve the quality and efficiency of medical care. For example, the relatively new EHR system at the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences (UAMS) has made many aspects of delivering care “so much better,” said Dr. Laura Hutchins, director of Hematology/Oncology at the UAMS Winthrop P. Rockefeller Cancer Institute. While the system is not perfect, she continued, "I don't know of anybody here who wants to go back to a paper record. In addition to saving money, she explained, the system has generally made patient visits more efficient—for example, streamlining the search for information that can influence diagnosis or treatment.Whereas the UAMS system is still in its early days, the EHR system at the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) dates back to 1991. The center recently completed the first phase of an "interoperability initiative" intended to eventually provide staff at 20 hospitals and more than 400 physician offices and outpatient sites access to what Dr. Daniel Martich, UPMC's chief medical information officer, calls a "full-fidelity" EHR system, an integrated network of patient records with data on everything from admissions to allergies to recent imaging studies. While access to a number of EHR-related tools, such as electronic prescribing, still varies, he explained, the goal is a widely accessible EHR system that "provides a unified view of what's going on with the patient."Importantly, EHR systems are beginning to demonstrate their utility in research. At UPMC, for example, they have conducted studies showing that, with the addition of clinical prompts, the EHR system reduced the risk of patients receiving an overdose of acetaminophen and improved by fivefold the number of patients notified by their primary care physicians that they may be candidates for clinical trials. Dr. Hutchins and colleagues at UAMS, meanwhile, used their EHR system to evaluate vitamin D levels in women with metastatic breast cancer who received bisphosphonates to treat bone pain and osteoporosis, finding that vitamin D supplements were being underprescribed, which can affect patient outcomes.The success of EHRs, Dr. Martich believes, will be measured by the extent to which they can be effectively integrated into clinical care and research systems. "The real issue [with EHRs] isn't a technological one," he said. "The question is: How do they function within the workflow of a health care system?" Special Issue: BioinformaticsComputational Modeling Paints a Picture of the Future Researchers at the Harvard-MIT Complex Biosystems Modeling Laboratory (Massachusetts General Hospital), which is supported by NCI's Integrative Cancer Biology Program, have developed a virtual model that predicts the growth of brain tumors over time (shown here at time step 52 and 110), taking into consideration EGFR gene-protein interactions and the effect of glucose and oxygen concentrations on cell movement and division. Models such as this one can be used to integrate data and generate hypotheses for tumorigenesis, cancer detection and treatment. (Image courtesy of Dr. Thomas Deisboeck, learn more at http://biosystems.mit.edu and https://www.cvit.org)In silico research (better known as computational modeling or mathematical modeling) uses complex algorithms requiring high-powered computers to predict unknown properties or outcomes of disease.Modeling is a familiar tool in the cancer research arsenal, explained Dr. Daniel Gallahan, director of NCI's Integrative Cancer Biology Program (ICBP): "After all, the mouse is a model system. It's a very complex system—we don't know all the components that go into making a mouse—but it's a sophisticated model in that it mimics a lot of the cellular and molecular processes that are ongoing in human cancer."The ICBP's computational models aim to mimic the most fundamental elements of cancer, "for example, looking at chemical interactions, or molecules that interact within a cell and cause malignant transformation," said Dr. Gallahan. "It can be very efficient to run a computational program as opposed to setting up a series of biological experiments."Any model's predictions must be validated in a biological system, but modeling can provide substantial time and cost savings to researchers by highlighting the most promising avenues for future research. Nine centers funded by the ICBP are currently building predictive models of a wide range of biological processes related to carcinogenesis and cancer treatment, including cell signaling pathways, epigenetic changes, and response to targeted therapies.On the opposite end of the cancer research continuum, NCI's Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET) uses computational modeling to understand how cancer control interventions influence the disease at the population level. "We observe trends in the national cancer rate, and then try to understand why they're occurring," explained Dr. Eric Feuer, program director of CISNET.The complex factors that influence national cancer trends are virtually impossible to study in a controlled fashion in the real world. "What modeling does is let us build a sort of virtual world that allows us to decompose the real world into the components that influence these trends," said Dr. Feuer.For example, after many randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses of mammography, there was still controversy about whether or not mammography reduces mortality from breast cancer. In 2005, using seven independent mathematical models, CISNET investigators were able to show that declines in U.S. breast cancer mortality observed from 1975 to 2000 would be very difficult to explain without a substantial contribution from mammography.The ICBP and CISNET have recently begun pilot collaborations to model several cancer types all the way from their cellular biology to population-level effects, with the ultimate goal of being able to accurately simulate the results of clinical treatment trials.“I think the 'holy grail' of modeling, or even understanding cancer, is to have a unified theory—to be able to measure what's going on within a cell at the molecular level, then predict all the way through to what would occur in a population," explained Dr. Gallahan. "It's daunting, but if you look at the specific aspects of it, we're not trying to conquer the world in one fell swoop; we're simply trying to tease it apart, and that's the power and possibility of modeling.” Special Issue: BioinformaticsLearn MoreNCI Collaborations, Tools, and Funding OpportunitiesNCI's Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology:https://cabig.nci.nih.govThe cancer Biomedical Informatics Grid, caBIG®:http://cabig.cancer.govAn overview of NCI's research priorities, the bypass budget for 2010:http://plan.cancer.gov/The Cancer Genome Atlas:http://cancergenome.nih.gov/The Cancer Genome Anatomy Project:http://cgap.nci.nih.gov/Cancer Molecular Analysis Portal:https://cma.nci.nih.gov/cma-rembrandt/Genotype Library and Utilities, supported through the CGEMS project:http://code.google.com/p/glu-genetics/The National Biomedical Imaging Archive:https://imaging.nci.nih.gov/ncia/BRB Array Tools, for the analysis of gene expression and copy number variation data:http://brb.nci.nih.gov The BIGHealth Consortium™, an ecosystem of all constituencies to demonstrate personalized medicine:http://www.bighealthconsortium.org/Data related to the NCI60 assay panel, including gene expression and molecular profiles:http://dtp.nci.nih.gov/mtargets/mt_index.htmlCOMPARE, to explore patterns of growth inhibition and molecular characterizations in the NCI60 cell panel: http://dtp.nci.nih.gov/compare/The Integrative Cancer Biology Program (DCB):http://icbp.nci.nih.gov/The Cancer Information and Surveillance Modeling Network (DCCPS):http://cisnet.cancer.gov/The Office of Technology and Industrial Relations:http://otir.cancer.gov/Some of NCI's ARRA Challenge Grants are related to bioinformatics:http://challenge.nci.nih.gov/SNP500Cancer, a catalogue of genetic variants for molecular epidemiology studies of cancer and other diseases:http://snp500cancer.nci.nih.govOther Resources and Funding OpportunitiesNIH Roadmap:http://nihroadmap.nih.gov/bioinformatics/National Centers for Biomedical Computing:http://www.ncbcs.org/index.htmlNIH National Center for Biotechnology Information:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/National Institute of General Medical Sciences:http://www.nigms.nih.gov/Research/ChallengeAreas and http://www.nigms.nih.gov/Research/GrandOpportunityAreas NIH Biomedical Information Science and Technology Initiative:http://www.bisti.nih.gov/initiatives/index.aspHHS Office of the National Coordinator for Health IT:http://healthit.hhs.gov/National Library of Medicine:http://www.nlm.nih.gov/ep/GrantResearch.htmlNational Human Genome Research Institute:http://www.genome.gov/27530574 and http://www.genome.gov/27530674 Cancer Research HighlightsMutant Protein Implicated in Diffuse Large B-cell LymphomaRecent studies have implicated the NF-κB signaling pathway in the development of a subset of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Two new studies now provide another piece of the puzzle. While mutations in genes such as CARD11 can spur cell growth by activating the NF-κB pathway, mutations in a gene called A20 may remove a natural "brake" on the pathway. The findings suggest that multiple lesions in the NF-κB pathway may be involved in DLBCL, the most common lymphoma in adults, according to results published online in Nature this week."We have identified genetic lesions that target multiple components of the same pathway in the majority of DLBCL with constitutive activation of NF-κB, and this will have implications for the possible design of therapies that may benefit patients with these abnormalities," said Dr. Laura Pasqualucci of the Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center at Columbia University, who led one of the studies. Drugs targeting the NF-κB pathway are in development, she noted.Her team analyzed tumor samples from 168 cases of DLBCL. Mutations in multiple genes associated with the NF-κB pathway were found in half of the activated B-cell-like (ABC) subtypes analyzed, and in a smaller fraction of the germinal center B-cell-like (GBC) subtypes. The A20 gene was the most commonly altered, with a third of the ABC-DLBCL patients showing inactivation of both gene copies by mutation or deletion.In the second study, researchers at the University of Tokyo conducted genome-wide analyses of genetic lesions in 238 B-cell lymphomas. The A20 protein was frequently inactivated in several types of cancer, including mucosa-associated tissue lymphoma, a form of Hodgkin's lymphoma, and to a lesser extent, B-cell lymphomas. Both teams found that, in laboratory experiments, the normal A20 protein suppressed cell growth and caused abnormal cells to commit suicide when reintroduced into A20-deficient cells. Testing Breast Tumors May Predict Response to ChemotherapyWomen treated for breast cancer whose tumors carry normal versions of the genes HER2 and TOP2A may not benefit from an anthracycline as part of additional chemotherapy designed to prevent a recurrence. Instead, these patients may benefit from a less toxic regimen that does not include an anthracycline, researchers reported online in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute on April 28.In previous studies, the benefits of adjuvant therapy with an anthracycline-based regimen were restricted to women with HER2 alterations (about 20 percent of breast cancers). But because the TOP2A gene resides near HER2, some researchers have wondered whether the response to anthracyclines might be associated with TOP2A alterations.To explore the question, Dr. Kathleen Pritchard of Sunnybrook Odette Cancer Centre in Toronto and her colleagues analyzed these genes in tumor samples from 438 of the 710 participants in the National Cancer Institute of Canada's Mammary 5 trial.Women whose tumors had either TOP2A deletions or amplifications (extra copies) had longer recurrence-free survival and overall survival in response to chemotherapy that included the anthracycline epirubicin than to chemotherapy without anthracyclines, while patients with normal TOP2A genes showed no difference in responsiveness. Alterations in TOP2A and in HER2 appear to have similar value in guiding the selection of anthracycline-containing regimens, the researchers concluded, noting that larger studies are needed to determine which measurement is more closely associated with response to these regimens.An accompanying editorial agrees that women whose tumors have normal HER2 and TOP2A genes should not receive anthracycline-based chemotherapy. The authors note that molecularly targeted drugs such as trastuzumab (Herceptin) often provide the most benefit to patients with alterations in the pathways affected by the drugs, and it now appears that the same may be true of standard chemotherapy agents. More Gene Mutations Found in Childhood LeukemiaIn January, researchers described a new subtype of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), the most common childhood cancer. Children with this subtype have alterations to a gene called IKAROS (or IZKF1) and a high risk of relapse. The researchers predicted that some cases would also involve mutations in protein kinase genes, which play a role in cell signaling and are commonly altered in cancer. New research now confirms that prediction.A genetic analysis of 187 cases of high-risk childhood ALL by investigators with the Childhood Cancer TARGET Initiative has identified mutations in three members of the family of JAK kinase genes. The JAK mutations are thought to activate pathways involved in cell growth and proliferation. Such changes have also been implicated in other cancers, most notably in a group of blood cancers known as myeloproliferative disorders.About 10 percent of the ALL cases had mutations in one of the three JAK genes. Some also involved changes to IKAROS, and these children had poor outcomes. More than 70 percent of children with both IKAROS and JAK mutations relapsed within 4 years, compared with 23 percent with neither alteration.Drugs that inhibit overactive JAK kinase proteins are in development. Based on laboratory experiments, the researchers are hopeful that these agents might benefit patients with these mutations. In the lab, JAK mutations caused normal cells to become cancerous, while an experimental JAK inhibitor caused cells with the mutations to die.The research team includes investigators from St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, the University of New Mexico Cancer Center, the Children's Oncology Group, and NCI. Dr. Charles Mullighan of St. Jude presented the findings on behalf of the TARGET team at the American Association for Cancer Research annual meeting last month in Denver.Dr. Mullighan pointed out that JAK genes were mutated in children with ALL who did not also have Down syndrome. Several recent reports described mutations in the JAK2 gene among children who had both ALL and Down syndrome."The discovery of activating JAK mutations in a subset of ALL patients is a very important observation with obvious clinical implications," said Dr. Malcolm Smith of NCI's Cancer Therapy Evaluation Program and an NCI leader of the TARGET Initiative. The project is systematically sequencing more than 120 genes suspected of playing a role in ALL.The incorporation of JAK inhibitors into treatment programs for patients with JAK-mutated ALL is a highly promising line of clinical research that needs to be aggressively pursued, added senior author Dr. Cheryl Willman of the University of New Mexico. She cited the success of imatinib (Gleevec), another kinase inhibitor, as a model.The researchers are testing JAK inhibitors in their experimental models and hope eventually to move to patients. Genetic tests could be developed to screen patients for changes to the IKAROS and JAK genes, and the results could guide treatment as well as identify patients at risk of relapse, noted Dr. Mullighan. Dutasteride May Reduce Prostate Cancer RiskInitial data from a large, international clinical trial indicate that dutasteride (Avodart) may help prevent prostate cancer among men at higher risk for the disease, according to an April 27 report at the American Urological Association annual meeting in Chicago.The trial, called REDUCE, compared dutasteride treatment against placebo among 8,200 men considered to be at high risk for the disease because of their elevated levels of prostate-specific antigen (PSA). All the men had received negative (clean) prostate biopsies within 6 months before joining the study.After follow-up biopsies at 2 and 4 years, dutasteride was shown to lower the risk of prostate cancer by 23 percent compared with men taking the placebo.Men treated with dutasteride were also found to be at no greater risk than those on placebo for developing aggressive prostate tumors. "We are very encouraged by this finding," lead investigator Dr. Gerald Andriole of the Washington University School of Medicine said in a statement. The study was funded by GlaxoSmithKline, which manufactures dutasteride.The results are comparable to those from the NCI-funded Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial (PCPT), an earlier prevention study for prostate cancer involving a drug of the same class, finasteride (Proscar). Initial findings from PCPT suggested that finasteride decreased the risk of prostate cancer but may have increased the risk of developing more aggressive tumors. Subsequent investigations by NCI scientists and others showed that finasteride did not promote more aggressive tumors and may actually reduce their risk. Both finasteride and dutasteride are approved to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. Cancer Incidence Could Rise Sharply in Coming DecadesThe number of cancer cases in the United States is expected to increase dramatically over the next 2 decades, particularly among older adults and minorities, according to a study published online last week in the Journal of Clinical Oncology (JCO). Dr. Ben Smith of the University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center and his colleagues used information from the U.S. Census Bureau and NCI's SEER database, which covers approximately 26 percent of the U.S. population, to project the number of cancer patients diagnosed through 2030 by various measures.The total cancer incidence is projected to rise by about 45 percent, from 1.6 million in 2010 to 2.3 million in 2030, the study found. This will be driven largely by cancer diagnoses in growing populations of older Americans and minority groups. The study projects a 67 percent increase in cancer incidence among older adults, compared with an 11 percent increase for younger adults. A 99 percent increase is expected among minorities, compared with a 31 percent increase for whites.Certain difficult-to-treat cancers, such as liver, stomach, pancreas, and lung, will likely be among those with the highest relative increases in incidence. Therefore, the study warns, unless substantial gains are made in the treatment and prevention of these diseases, particularly among the elderly and minorities, the number of cancer deaths could grow dramatically in the next 20 years.A second article published online in JCO proposes a roadmap for addressing and overcoming disparities in cancer care. The authors of this policy statement, developed by the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), wrote that despite decades of investment and advances in cancer research, a "profound divide" exists between those with access to the fruits of this research and those without.The paper outlines strategies for addressing health disparities, such as funding research on the quality of care provided to minority populations and boosting minority enrollment in clinical trials. The statement "sets the stage for the continuing activities by ASCO to address this very important problem," said ASCO president Dr. Richard L. Schilsky of the University of Chicago at a press briefing.More information and audio files from the briefing are available on the ASCO Web site. Immunotherapy Improves Survival in Metastatic Prostate CancerAn investigational immunotherapy treatment improved overall survival by approximately 4 months in men with metastatic prostate cancer compared with men treated with a placebo, researchers reported last week at the American Urological Association annual meeting in Chicago. The results come from the IMPACT trial, a phase III, double-blind, randomized trial of sipuleucel-T (Provenge), a form of immunotherapy in which antigen-presenting cells are isolated from patients' blood, engineered to stimulate a tumor-specific immune response, and infused back into patients.The more than 500 men in the trial had asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic, androgen-independent metastatic prostate cancer. In men who received sipuleucel-T, which was delivered in three infusions over a 1-month period, median survival was improved by 22.5 percent compared with men who received placebo (25.8 months versus 21.7 months). As was the case in the two earlier-stage trials of sipuleucel-T, there was no statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival, that is, survival without tumor growth.Adverse events were minor and limited, said one of the trial's leaders, Dr. David Penson from the University of Southern California. The most common events were fever, chills, and headache the day after the infusion of sipuleucel-T, and these side effects typically resolved within a day or two. Overall, approximately 99 percent of patients in the immunotherapy arm received all three infusions.The survival data were "incredibly consistent" in all of the subgroups examined in the trial, Dr. Penson explained, which included breakdowns by age, baseline PSA level, and extent of bone metastases, among others. "That is very reassuring to me," he said.Dr. Penson acknowledged that, because of the trial's design, all patients in the immunotherapy arm could receive docetaxel immediately upon progression, unlike patients who received the placebo, and this could introduce bias in favor of sipuleucel-T. But the statistical model, he noted, was adjusted for both the use and timing of docetaxel administration. Further details of the data analysis should be available when the trial results are published in a scientific journal.In March 2007, an FDA advisory committee recommended that sipuleucel-T be approved for men with this prostate cancer indication, based on data from two smaller clinical trials. In May 2007, however, the FDA issued a "complete response" letter to Dendreon, which manufactures sipuleucel-T, requesting more efficacy data before it could approve the company's application to market the treatment. According to Dendreon officials, the company will submit the IMPACT data to the FDA later this year as an amendment to its earlier marketing approval application. NotesNew HHS Secretary Sworn In Secretary Kathleen Sebelius Last week, Kathleen Sebelius was confirmed by the Senate and sworn in as the new Secretary of the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) by President Barack Obama. Secretary Sebelius brings more than 20 years of experience in state government to her new role as head of one of the Federal government's largest departments, which includes NCI. More information about the new Secretary is available here.NCI's Lowy Elected to NAS Dr. Douglas Lowy Last week, the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) elected to its ranks Dr. Douglas Lowy, chief of the Laboratory of Cellular Oncology in the Center for Cancer Research. The research of Dr. Lowy and his colleague Dr. John Schiller contributed to the commercial development of an HPV vaccine to prevent cervical cancer.NAS members are selected in recognition of their distinguished and continuing achievements in original research. Election to the Academy is considered one of the highest honors that can be accorded to a U.S. scientist or engineer. NCI's Ross Wins 2009 Kretchmer Award Dr. Sharon Ross Dr. Sharon Ross of NCI's Division of Cancer Prevention (DCP) was recently awarded the prestigious Norman Kretchmer Memorial Award in Nutrition and Development from the American Society for Nutrition (ASN). The presentation ceremony took place during the ASN annual meeting in New Orleans on April 19.Dr. Ross is currently a health scientist administrator and program director in DCP's Nutritional Science Research Group. Her research focuses on the epigenetic effects of nutrient availability on gene expression and cell development, both in embryology and carcinogenesis.CCR Eminent Lecture Series Features Dr. Andrew Fire Dr. Andrew Fire NCI's Center for Cancer Research (CCR) continues its Eminent Lecture Series presentations by nationally recognized scientists doing cutting-edge research.Dr. Andrew Fire, Professor of Pathology and Genetics at Stanford University, will present the series' next lecture on May 18 at 3:00 p.m. in Lipsett Amphitheater on the NIH campus in Bethesda. The title of Dr. Fire's talk is "Tracking B Cell Diversity and Clonality in Human Immunity and Disease." Dr. Fire was jointly awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 2006, along with Dr. Craig Mello, for their discovery of RNA interference, gene silencing by double-stranded RNA.The lecture series is free and open to the public. To learn more details about this and other upcoming lectures in the series, click here.Telephone Workshop Series for Cancer SurvivorsThe seventh annual telephone workshop series "Living With, Through, and Beyond Cancer" continues on May 19 with part II of the series, entitled "The Importance of Nutrition and Physical Activity." This three-part series offers cancer survivors, their families, friends, and health care professionals practical information to help them cope with concerns and issues that arise after treatment ends.The program is a collaborative effort between NCI, CancerCare, the Lance Armstrong Foundation, the Intercultural Cancer Council, Living Beyond Breast Cancer, and the National Coalition for Cancer Survivorship.The workshops are free; no telephone charges apply. To register, visit the CancerCare Web site. The remaining workshops will take place from 1:30 p.m. to 2:30 p.m. EDT on the following dates:Part II: "The Importance of Nutrition and Physical Activity," May 19Part III: "Survivors Too: Family, Friends, and Loved Ones: Managing the Fatigue of Caregiving," June 23The workshops are also archived (including Part I: "Managing the Stress of Survivorship") and available online as podcasts.DCLG Accepting NominationsNCI is currently identifying individuals to serve on the Director's Consumer Liaison Group (DCLG). The DCLG is a Federal Advisory Committee of 16 individuals who advise the NCI Director from the viewpoint of the consumer advocate. The Institute will be filling three positions on the board with dates of service beginning July 2009 and running through June 2013. All nomination materials must be received by NCI no later than 6:00 p.m. on May 22.Further information about the DCLG and complete details about the nomination process can be found online. Previous nominees should be aware that in order to be considered for current vacancies, their updated materials must be resubmitted.Please direct questions to ncidclgnominations@mail.nih.gov.NCI to Highlight Translational Research Resources at 2009 BIO International Convention While at the 2009 BIO International Convention, please visit the NCI exhibit at booth #3805 to learn about the many resources, partnerships, and collaborative opportunities available from NCI that enable the translation of cancer research discoveries to new cancer therapies and diagnostics. The NCI exhibit will feature a new interactive experience that provides an up-close look at how NCI's programs and initiatives are speeding the development of new diagnostic tests, cancer treatments and devices, and other interventions that benefit people with cancer and those who are at risk.NCI experts will also be joining industry leaders in discussing critical topics in the life sciences during the following breakout sessions.Tuesday, May 1910:00 - 11:30 a.m. Transforming the Research Paradigm: 21st Century Models to Unify Discovery Research and Clinical Care Ken Buetow, associate director for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology, NCI Center for Biomedical Informatics and Information Technology Wednesday, May 208:00 - 9:30 a.m. Fast Forwarding Life Science Innovation: What Works, What Doesn't, Where Do We Go From Here? Carolyn Compton, director, NCI Office of Biorepositories and Biospecimen Research Thursday, May 218:00 - 9:30 a.m. Private Companies Tackling Public Health Michael Weingarten, director, NCI Small Business Innovation Research Development Center

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