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{
"paper_id": "O04-1008",
"header": {
"generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0",
"date_generated": "2023-01-19T08:01:01.934207Z"
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"title": "",
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"text": "\u9019 \u4e9b \u8853 \u8a9e \u6574 \u7406 \u6210 \u968e \u5c64 \u5f0f (hierarchical)\u7d44\u7e54\u6216\u7db2\u8def\u5f0f(network)\u7d44\u7e54\uff0c\u4f86\u95e1\u660e\u8853\u8a9e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u5728\u8cc7\u8a0a\u6aa2\u7d22\u7684 \u6280 \u8853 \u8207 \u61c9 \u7528 \u4e0a \uff0c \u7d22 \u5f15 \u5178 (thesaurus)\u4fbf\u662f\u5c07\u67d0\u4e00\u7279\u5b9a\u9818\u57df\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u8853\u8a9e\u8207\u5b83\u5011\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u6574\u7406\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u968e\u5c64\u5f0f\u8207 \u7db2 \u8def \u5f62 \u5f0f \u7684 \u7d44 \u7e54 [2]\u3002\u5728\u7d22\u5f15\u5178\u7684\u7d50\u69cb\u88e1\uff0c\u5c07\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u4f5c\u70ba\u7db2\u8def\u4e2d\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u800c\u4ee5\u76f8\u95dc\u8853\u8a9e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f5c \u70ba \u76f8 \u61c9 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u9023 \u7d50 \u3002 \u8fd1 \u4f86 \uff0c \u8a31 \u591a \u7814 \u7a76 \u63d0 \u51fa \u5404 \u7a2e \u8853 \u8a9e \u7d44 \u7e54 \u7684 \u81ea \u52d5 \u5316 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \uff0c \u9019 \u4e9b \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u591a \u4ee5 \u7d71 \u8a08 \u7684 \u53e2 \u96c6 (clustering)\u6280\u8853\u70ba\u7d44\u7e54\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c07\u95dc\u806f\u6027\u8f03\u5f37\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u653e\u5230\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u96c6\u5408\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5229\u7528\u8853\u8a9e\u5728\u6587\u53e5\u4e2d\u7684\u5171 \u73fe (co-occurrence)\u95dc\u4fc2\u4f5c\u70ba\u8853\u8a9e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f[3, 4]\u3002\u5229\u7528\u53e2\u96c6\u6240\u5f62\u6210\u96c6\u5408\u4fbf\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u89e3\u8853\u8a9e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u806f\u6027\uff0c\u4e26 \u4e14 \u5728 \u540c \u4e00 \u96c6 \u5408 \u4e2d \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u5f80 \u5f80 \u7d93 \u5e38 \u5171 \u540c \u51fa \u73fe \u5728 \u4e3b \u984c \u76f8 \u95dc \u7684 \u8ad6 \u6587 \u4e2d \uff0c \u56e0 \u6b64 \u9019 \u4e9b \u8853 \u8a9e \u96c6 \u5408 \u53ef \u4ee5 \u5448 \u73fe \u9019 \u500b \u7814 \u7a76 \u9818 \u57df \u7684 \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e3b \u984c \u3002 \u7136 \u800c \uff0c \u9664 \u4e86 \u5229 \u7528 \u53e2 \u96c6 \u6280 \u8853 \u6240 \u5f62 \u6210 \u7684 \u96c6 \u5408 \u4f86 \u5c0d \u65bc \u8853 \u8a9e \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u806f \u9032 \u884c \u5206 \u6790 \u4e4b \u5916 \uff0c \u82e5 \u80fd \u5920 \u5c07 \u8853 \u8a9e \u4ee5 \u53ca \u5b83 \u5011 \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u806f \u5448 \u73fe \u5728 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e2d \uff0c \u63d0 \u4f9b \u700f \u89bd \u8207 \u6df1 \u5165 \u63a2 \u7d22 \uff0c \u5c0d \u65bc \u6aa2 \u7d22 \u76f8 \u95dc \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8207 \u5206 \u6790 \u9818 \u57df \u7684 \u77e5 \u8b58 \u7d50 \u69cb \u52e2 \u5fc5 \u66f4 \u6709 \u5e6b \u52a9 \u3002 \u300e \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u300f (information visualization)\u662f\u4ee5\u4e8c\u7dad\u6216\u4e09\u7dad\u7684\u5716\u5f62\u4f86\u8868\u73fe\u4e00\u7d44\u8cc7\u6599\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c \u76ee \u7684 \u662f \u8f14 \u52a9 \u4eba \u5011 \u8a8d \u77e5 \u539f \u672c \u7684 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u9593 \u4e0d \u6613 \u5bdf \u89ba \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \uff0c \u4f5c \u70ba \u6c7a \u7b56 \u5224 \u65b7 \u6216 \u63a2 \u7d22 \u65b0 \u77e5 \u7684 \u4f9d \u64da [5]\u3002\u5728\u904e\u53bb\uff0c\u8cc7\u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u5e38 \u88ab \u61c9 \u7528 \u65bc \u9ad8 \u7dad \u7684 \u6578 \u503c \u8cc7 \u6599 \uff0c \u7136 \u800c \u7531 \u65bc \u96fb \u5b50 \u6587 \u4ef6 \u7684 \u6578 \u91cf \u5927 \u5e45 \u589e \u52a0 \uff0c \u5c0d \u65bc \u7d44 \u7e54 \u5927 \u91cf \u6587 \u4ef6 \u4ee5 \u53ca \u65b9 \u4fbf \u800c \u6709 \u6548 \u7684 \u5168 \u6587 \u6aa2 \u7d22 \u4ecb \u9762 \u7684 \u9700 \u6c42 \u8d8a \u4f86 \u8d8a \u5927 \uff0c \u5df2 \u7d93 \u6709 \u8a31 \u591a \u5b78 \u8005 \u8457 \u624b \u9032 \u884c \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u63a2 \u8a0e \u3002 \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u76ee \u6a19 \u662f \u5c07 \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u5c0d \u61c9 \u5230 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e0a \u67d0 \u4e00 \u4f4d \u7f6e \u4e0a \u7684 \u4e00 \u9ede \uff0c \u4f7f \u5f97 \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 (relevance) \u53ef \u4ee5 \u7528 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e0a \u9ede \u8207 \u9ede \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u52a0 \u4ee5 \u8868 \u793a \uff0c \u5169 \u9ede \u9593 \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u6108 \u8fd1 \u4fbf \u8868 \u793a \u6240 \u4ee3 \u8868 \u7684 \u5169 \u7b46 \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u6108 \u76f8 \u95dc \u3002 \u4f7f \u7528 \u8005 \u4fbf \u53ef \u4ee5 \u76f4 \u89ba \u5730 \u5c07 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e0a \u8868 \u793a \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u4f5c \u70ba \u8cc7 \u6599 \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u806f \uff0c \u9032 \u800c \u4e86 \u89e3 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u7684 \u6574 \u9ad4 \u5206 \u5e03 \u60c5 \u5f62 \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u5728 \u6587",
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{
"text": "\u985e \u795e \u7d93 \u7db2 \u8def \u5c0e \u5411 \u5169 \u985e [6]\u3002\u5728\u7d71\u8a08\u5c0e\u5411 \u7684 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u4e2d \uff0c \u5c07 \u6240 \u6709 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u9593 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u7d44 \u5408 \u6210 \u4e00 \u500b \u77e9 \u9663 \uff0c \u6bcf \u4e00 \u7b46 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u5c0d \u6240 \u6709 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u5c0d \u61c9 \u5230 \u77e9 \u9663 \u4e2d \u7684 \u4e00 \u884c \u8207 \u4e00 \u5217 \uff0c \u63db \u8a00 \u4e4b \u77e9 \u9663 \u4e0a \u7684 \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u5143 \u7d20 \u4fbf \u662f \u5169 \u7b46 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u9593 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u3002 \u63a5 \u8457 \u4fbf \u5229 \u7528 \u7d71 \u8a08 \u6280 \u8853 \uff0c \u5982",
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{
"text": "SVD(singular value decomposition) [7] \u3001PCA (principal component analysis)\u6216\u662fMDS (multidimensional scaling) [6, 8] \u7b49\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u4e00\u7d44\u8f49\u63db\u77e9\u9663\u5c07\u539f\u5148\u7684\u77e9\u9663\u52a0\u4ee5\u5206\u89e3\u8207\u8f49\u63db\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u8a0a\u606f\u5f97\u4ee5\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u65b0\u7522",
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{
"text": "\u751f \u7684 \u77e9 \u9663 \u4e2d \u3002 \u800c \u4ee5 \u8f49 \u63db \u77e9 \u9663 \u4f5c \u70ba \u5c07 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u5716 \u5f62 \u7684 \u4f9d \u64da \u3002 \u53e6 \u4e00 \u65b9 \u9762 \uff0c \u81ea \u7d44 \u7e54 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 (self-organizing maps, SOM)\u5247\u662f\u5728\u61c9\u7528\u985e\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u8def\u5c0e\u5411\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5230\u6587\u5b57\u8cc7\u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u8655 \u7406 \u4e2d \u5e38 \u63a1 \u7528 \u7684 \u6280 \u8853 [9]\u3002\u9867\u540d\u601d\u7fa9\uff0cSOM\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u4ee5\u8cc7\u6599\u9a45\u52d5(data-driven)\u7684\u975e\u76e3\u7763\u5f0f\u5b78\u7fd2 (unsupervised learning)\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u4f5c\u70ba\u8a13\u7df4\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u8a13\u7df4\u4e00\u7d44\u6392\u5217\u6210\u65b9\u9663\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\uff0c\u5f9e\u53cd\u8986\u7684 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u904e \u7a0b \u4e2d \u8b93 \u7522 \u751f \u7684 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u53cd \u61c9 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 [10]\u3002\u5728SOM\u6280\u8853\u4e2d\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u7bc0\u9ede\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5411\u91cf\u7684 \u7dad \u5ea6 \u8207 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u7684 \u7dad \u5ea6 \u76f8 \u540c \u3002 \u5728 \u7d93 \u904e \u591a \u6b21 \u7684 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u904e \u7a0b \u5f8c \uff0c \u6240 \u6709 \u7684 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u90fd \u4f9d \u7167 \u5176 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u8207 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u7684 \u76f8 \u4f3c \u7a0b \u5ea6 \uff0c \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u67d0 \u4e00 \u500b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \uff0c \u800c \u4e14 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u9593 \u6108 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u8005 \u76f8 \u4f3c \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u6108 \u9ad8 \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u6703 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u540c \u4e00 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u6216 \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \uff0c \u800c \u4e14 \u6240 \u6295 \u5c04 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u76f8 \u5c0d \u8ddd \u96e2 \u53ef \u4ee5 \u8868 \u793a \u8cc7 \u6599 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u5927 \u5c0f \uff0c \u8ddd \u96e2 \u6108 \u5927 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u6108 \u5c0f \u3002 SOM\u7684\u512a\u9ede\u5305\u62ec\u4e86\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c07\u9ad8\u7dad\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u4ee5\u81ea\u7d44\u7e54\u7684\u578b\u5f0f\u4fdd\u7559\u5728\u4e8c\u7dad\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5716 \u4e2d \uff0c \u4e26 \u4e14 MDS\u7b49\u7d71\u8a08\u5c0e\u5411\u65b9\u6cd5\u5927\u591a\u9700\u8981\u6975\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u904b\u7b97\u8cc7\u6e90\uff0c\u4e14\u5728\u65b0\u589e\u8cc7\u6599\u6642\uff0c\u7121\u6cd5\u5229\u7528\u5148\u524d\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u7d50\u679c\uff0c \u5728 \u5be6 \u4f5c \u65b9 \u9762 \uff0c SOM\u6280\u8853\u8f03\u5bb9\u6613\u9054\u6210\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u4f86\u6709\u76f8\u7576\u591a\u6587\u5b57\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u63a1\u7528SOM\u4f5c\u70ba\u6620\u5c04\u6280 \u8853 \u3002 \u5728 \u672c \u8ad6 \u6587 \u7684 \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e2d \uff0c \u6211 \u5011 \u5617 \u8a66 \u5c07 \u8a08 \u7b97 \u8a9e \u8a00 \u5b78 \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \uff0c \u5229 \u7528 SOM\u5c07\u8853\u8a9e\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e0a \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u672c \u8ad6 \u6587 \u7684 \u7814 \u7a76 \u554f \u984c \u5305 \u62ec \uff1a (1) \u767c \u5c55 SOM\u6280\u8853\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c(2)\u8a55\u4f30 SOM\u6280\u8853\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u6210\u6548\uff0c (3)\u5229\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u5206\u6790\u8a08\u7b97\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u4e2d\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u984c\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u672c \u8ad6 \u6587 \u5176 \u9918 \u7684 \u7ae0 \u7bc0 \u7d44 \u7e54 \u5982 \u4e0b \uff0c \u7b2c 2\u7bc0\u4e2d\u5c07\u7c21\u4ecbSOM\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u4e26\u56de\u9867\u5229\u7528SOM\u6280\u8853\u8655\u7406\u6587\u5b57\u8cc7\u8a0a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff1b \u7b2c 3\u7bc0\u8aaa\u660e\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u5982\u4f55\u5229\u7528SOM\u6280\u8853\uff0c\u5c07\u8a08\u7b97\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u76f8\u95dc\u8853\u8a9e\u9032\u884c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u8655\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e26\u63d0\u51fa\u6210\u6548 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u7684 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \uff1b \u7b2c 4\u7bc0\u5247\u662f\u5c0d\u6b64\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u95dc\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u8207\u8aaa\u660e\uff1b\u6700\u5f8c\u7684\u7b2c5\u7bc0\u662f\u672c\u8ad6\u6587\u7684\u7d50\u8ad6\u8207\u672a\u4f86\u9032\u4e00\u6b65 \u7814 \u7a76 \u7684 \u5efa \u8b70 \u3002 2 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7814 \u7a76 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7814 \u7a76 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7814 \u7a76 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7814 \u7a76 SOM\u662f\u4e00\u7a2e\u975e\u76e3\u7763\u5f0f\u7684\u985e\u795e\u7d93\u7db2\u8def[10]\uff0c\u5728\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u53e2\u96c6\u8207\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u4e0a\uff0c\u61c9\u7528\u5341\u5206\u5ee3\u6cdb\u3002SOM\u7684\u7279\u8272\u5305 \u62ec \u4e86 \u5b83 \u7684 \u985e \u795e \u7d93 \u7db2 \u8def \u578b \u614b (topology)\u8207\u8a13\u7df4\u6a21\u5f0f\u3002\u5728SOM\u4e2d\uff0c\u7531\u4e00\u7d44\u53cd\u6620\u8f38\u5165\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u6240\u69cb\u6210\uff0c\u800c\u9019\u4e9b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u6392 \u5217 \u6210 \u77e9 \u9663 \u7684 \u578b \u614b \uff0c \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u8207 \u5176 \u4ed6 \u56db \u500b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u76f8 \u9023 \u63a5 \uff0c \u6b64 \u4e00 \u7d50 \u69cb \u4fbf \u662f \u6240 \u8b02 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 (feature map)\u3002\u4e8b\u5be6\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u90fd\u4ee3\u8868\u4e00\u500b\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\u8207\u8cc7\u6599\u9805\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u7dad\u5ea6\u76f8\u540c\u3002\u5728\u8f38\u5165\u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e4b \u5f8c \uff0c \u4fbf \u91cd \u8907 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u904e \u7a0b \uff0c \u8abf \u9069 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \uff0c \u4f7f \u5f97 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u53ef \u4ee5 \u53cd \u6620 \u8f38 \u5165 \u7684 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u9805 \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u3002 SOM\u8207\u4e00\u822c\u300e\u5411\u91cf\u91cf\u5316\u300f(vector quantization)\u5728\u8a13\u7df4\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u6700\u5927\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u662f\uff0c\u6bcf\u6b21\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u6642\uff0c\u4e0d\u50c5\u53ea\u8abf\u9069\u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e2d \u8207 \u8f38 \u5165 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u6700 \u76f8 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \uff0c \u800c \u4e14 \u9084 \u540c \u6642 \u8abf \u9069 \u4e86 \u5728 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u4e0a \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7bc4 \u570d (neighborhood)\u5167\u6240\u6709 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u5728 \u7d93 \u904e \u591a \u6b21 \u7684 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u4e4b \u5f8c \uff0c \u53ef \u4ee5 \u4f7f \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u76f8 \u540c \u6216 \u662f \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \uff0c \u4f7f \u5f97 \u5716 \u5f62 \u5177 \u6709 \u7d44 \u7e54 \u5316 \u7684 \u7d50 \u69cb \uff0c \u800c \u4e14 \u5c07 \u539f \u672c \u8cc7 \u6599 \u5728 \u9ad8 \u7dad \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u6216 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u8868 \u793a \u5230 SOM\u7684\u7bc0 \u9ede \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u3002 \u901a \u5e38 \u7528 \u4f86 \u8861 \u91cf \u7bc0 \u9ede \u9593 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u7684 \u65b9 \u5f0f \u70ba \u5f0f (1a)\u4e2d\u7684\u6b50\u5e7e\u91cc\u5fb7\u8ddd\u96e2(Euclidean distance)\u6216\u5f0f(1b)\u4e2d\u7684 Manhattan\u8ddd\u96e2\u7b49\u3002 2 / 1 2 2 ) ) ( ) (( ) , ( c w c w c w y y x x n n d \u2212 + \u2212 = (1a) | | | | ) , ( c c w c w y w y x x n n d \u2212 + \u2212 = (1b) \u5f0f (1)\u4e2d\uff0cn w \u662f \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u8207 \u67d0 \u6b21 \u8f38 \u5165 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u6700 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \uff0c \u5728 SOM\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u7a31\u70ba\u300e\u7372\u52dd\u8005\u300f (the winner)\uff0cn c \u5247 \u662f \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u4e0a \u53e6 \u4e00 \u7bc0 \u9ede \uff0c (x w , y w )\u8207(x c , y c )\u5206\u5225\u662f\u7bc0\u9eden w \u8207 n c ,\u5728\u6620\u5c04\u5716\u4e0a\u7684\u5ea7\u6a19\u3002\u5728\u8a13\u7df4\u6642\uff0c \u6bcf \u500b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u8abf \u9069 \u7684 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \u8207 \u9019 \u500b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u8ddf \u7372 \u52dd \u8005 \u9593 \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u6709 \u95dc \uff0c \u8ddd \u96e2 \u6108 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u7372 \u5f97 \u8abf \u9069 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \u6108 \u5927 \uff1b \u53cd \u4e4b \uff0c \u8f03 \u9060 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u5247 \u8abf \u9069 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \u8f03 \u5c0f \u3002 \u5728 SOM\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u53e6\u4e00\u9805\u7279\u8272\u662f\u4ee5\u8a13\u7df4\u6b21\u6578\u7684\u591a\u5be1\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u6bcf\u6b21\u8a13\u7df4\u7372\u52dd\u8005\u7684\u9130\u8fd1\u7bc4\u570d\u4ee5\u53ca\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u8abf \u9069 \u7684 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \uff0c \u4f7f \u5f97 \u96a8 \u8457 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u6b21 \u6578 \u589e \u52a0 \uff0c \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7bc4 \u570d \u8207 \u8abf \u9069 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \u6108 \u4f86 \u6108 \u5c0f \uff0c \u800c \u4fdd \u8b49 SOM\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u6582\u3002 \u8209 \u4f8b \u800c \u8a00 \uff0c \u5728 \u7b2c \u03c4+1\u6b21\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5c0d\u67d0\u4e00\u7bc0\u9eden c \u8abf \u6574 \u7684 \u65b9 \u5f0f \u5982 \u5f0f (2)\u6240\u793a\u3002 )] ( ))[ , ( , ( ) ( ) 1 ( \u03c4 \u03c4 \u03c4 \u03c4 c i c w c def c f f n n d h f f \u2212 + = + (2) \u5f0f \u5b50 \u4e2d \uff0c f c (\u03c4)\u662f\u8868\u793a\u7b2c\u03c4\u6b21\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u5f8c\uff0c\u7bc0\u9eden c \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \uff0c f i \u662f \u8f38 \u5165 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \uff0c h(.)\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u8a13\u7df4 \u6b21 \u6578 \u03c4\u8207\u7bc0\u9ede\u548c\u7372\u52dd\u8005\u4e4b\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2d(n w , n c )\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u8abf\u9069\u51fd\u6578\uff0c\u70ba\u7bc0\u9eden c \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u6b64 \u6b21 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u7684 \u8abf \u9069 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \uff0c \u5982 \u4e0a \u6240 \u8ff0 \uff0c \u7576 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u6b21 \u6578 \u6108 \u591a \uff0c \u6216 \u8005 \u8ddd \u96e2 d(n w , n c )\u6108\u5927\uff0ch(.)\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u503c\u6108\u5c0f\u3002 SOM\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u904e\u7a0b\u5982\u4e0b\u3002\u9996\u5148\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u8f38\u5165\u8cc7\u6599\u7684\u6578\u91cf\u8207\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\u8a2d\u5b9a\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684\u500b\u6578\u8207\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u7684 \u7dad \u5ea6 \uff0c \u4e26 \u5c0d \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u96a8 \u6a5f \u7522 \u751f \u4e00 \u500b \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u3002 \u5728 \u8f38 \u5165 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u5f8c \uff0c \u958b \u59cb \u9032 \u884c \u591a \u6b21 \u7684 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u3002 \u5728 SOM\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u6b21 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u4e2d \uff0c \u9996 \u5148 \u5f9e \u8f38 \u5165 \u7684 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e2d \u96a8 \u6a5f \u9078 \u53d6 \u4e00 \u500b \u8cc7 \u6599 \uff0c \u518d \u5f9e \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e2d \u9078 \u51fa \u8207 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u6700 \u76f8 \u4f3c \u8005 \uff0c \u4e5f \u5c31 \u662f \u7372 \u52dd \u8005 \u3002 \u63a5 \u8457 \u5982 \u5f0f (2)\u6240\u793a\uff0c\u6839\u64da\u8abf\u9069\u51fd\u6578h(.)\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u7684\u8abf\u9069\u5e45\u5ea6\uff0c\u8abf\u6574\u7372\u52dd\u8005\u8207\u5176\u9130\u8fd1\u7bc0\u9ede\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u5411 \u91cf \uff0c \u4f7f \u5176 \u6108 \u52a0 \u76f8 \u4f3c \u65bc \u8a13 \u7df4 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u3002 \u7576 SOM\u8a13\u7df4\u5b8c\u6210\u5f8c\uff0c\u4fbf\u4f9d\u64da\u8853\u8a9e\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u8207\u7bc0\u9ede\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u63a5\u8fd1 \u7a0b \u5ea6 \uff0c \u5c07 \u8853 \u8a9e \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e0a \u3002 \u5728 \u5229 \u7528 SOM\u6280\u8853\u5c0d\u6587\u5b57\u8cc7\u6599\u9032\u884c\u53e2\u96c6\u6216\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f9d\u64da\u8655\u7406\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\u5206\u70ba\u6587\u4ef6\u8207\u8853\u8a9e\u5169 \u985e \u3002 \u5728 \u4ee5 \u6587 \u4ef6 \u70ba \u8655 \u7406 \u5c0d \u8c61 \u7684 SOM\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u5c07\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u7b46\u6587\u4ef6\u8868\u793a\u6210\u4e00\u500b\u4ee5\u7d22\u5f15\u8a5e(index terms)\u7684\u51fa\u73fe \u6b21 \u6578 \u70ba \u57fa \u790e \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf [11, 12]\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u7d22\u5f15\u8a5e\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u60c5\u5f62\u8f03\u70ba\u63a5\u8fd1\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53ef\u4ee5\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u7bc0\u9ede\u6216\u9130\u8fd1\u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \u3002 \u70ba \u4e86 \u4f7f \u6587 \u4ef6 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u53ef \u4ee5 \u8868 \u793a \u8a9e \u610f \u8a0a \u606f \uff0c Wermter\u8207Hung\u5229\u7528WordNet\u7684\u8a9e\u610f\u968e\u5c64\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u8a08\u6578 \u5177 \u6709 \u76f8 \u8fd1 \u6982 \u5ff5 \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u51fa \u73fe \u6b21 \u6578 \u4f5c \u70ba \u5411 \u91cf \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u503c \uff0c \u4ee5 SOM\u6280\u8853\u5c0dReuters\u65b0\u805e\u8a9e\u6599\u9032\u884c\u6587\u4ef6\u5206\u985e(text classification)\u7684\u7814\u7a76[13]\u3002Kohonen\u7b49\u4eba\u5247\u5148\u5c0d\u8853\u8a9e\u9032\u884cSOM\u7684\u53e2\u96c6\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u5177\u6709\u76f8\u95dc\u8a9e\u610f\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u6620\u5c04\u5230 \u540c \u4e00 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \u3002 \u518d \u4ee5 \u53e2 \u96c6 \u5f8c \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4f5c \u70ba \u57fa \u790e \uff0c \u8a08 \u6578 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u5c0d \u61c9 \u7684 \u6240 \u6709 \u8853 \u8a9e \u51fa \u73fe \u5728 \u6587 \u4ef6 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e2d \u7684 \u6b21 \u6578 \u7e3d \u548c \u4f5c \u70ba \u5411 \u91cf \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u503c \uff0c \u4f5c \u70ba \u8cc7 \u6599 \u7e2e \u6e1b \u7684 \u6280 \u5de7 \u4f86 \u8655 \u7406 \u6975 \u5927 \u91cf \u7684 \u65b0 \u805e \u7fa4 \u7d44 (newsgroups)\u7dda\u4e0a\u6587\u5b57\u8cc7\u6599[14]\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u5728 \u6587 \u4ef6 \u53e2 \u96c6 \u7684 \u61c9 \u7528 \u4e2d \uff0c \u7531 \u65bc \u4ee5 \u7d22 \u5f15 \u8a5e \u70ba \u57fa \u790e \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u7dad \u5ea6 \u975e \u5e38 \u9ad8 \uff0c \u4e00 \u822c \u7684 \u4e8c \u7dad \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u8f03 \u96e3 \u8868 \u793a \u6587 \u4ef6 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u9593 \u6240 \u5177 \u6709 \u8907 \u96dc \u7684 \u4e3b \u984c \u95dc \u4fc2 \uff0c \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c Merkl\u8a8d\u70ba\u9700\u8981\u8868\u73fe\u51fa\u4e3b\u984c\u9593\u7684\u968e\u5c64\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5229\u7528\u968e\u5c64\u5f0f\u81ea\u7d44\u7e54\u6620\u5c04 \u5716 (hierarchical self-organizing feature maps)\uff0c\u8a13\u7df4\u4e00\u7d44\u591a\u5c64\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5716\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4f4d\u7f6e\u5728\u4e0a\u5c64\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5716\u4e4b\u7bc0\u9ede\u8868 \u793a \u6587 \u4ef6 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e2d \u8f03 \u5ee3 \u6cdb \u7684 \u4e3b \u984c \uff0c \u800c \u4ee5 \u4e0b \u5c64 \u7684 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u4e4b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u8868 \u793a \u8f03 \u7279 \u5b9a \u6982 \u5ff5 \u7684 \u4e3b \u984c [12]\u3002 \u5728 \u5229 \u7528 SOM\u8655\u7406\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0a\uff0c\u5247\u6709Ritter\u8207Kohonen\u5c0d\u65bc\u82f1\u8a9e\u8853\u8a9e[15]\u548cMa\u7b49\u4eba\u5c0d\u6f22\u8a9e\u53ca\u65e5\u8a9e\u8853\u8a9e [16]\u53e2\u96c6\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u5728\u8853\u8a9e\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u8a2d\u5b9a\u4e0a\uff0cRitter\u8207Kohonen\u4ee5\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u51fa\u73fe(occurrences)\u53ca\u524d\u5f8c\u5404\u4e00\u500b\u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u4e0a \u4e0b \u6587 \u95dc \u4fc2 (contexts)\u4f5c\u70ba\u7279\u5fb5[15]\uff1bMa\u7b49\u4eba\u5247\u5229\u7528\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u5171\u73fe\u6b21\u6578\u70ba\u57fa\u790e\u4f5c\u70ba\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7279\u5fb5[16]\u3002 \u5728 \u76ee \u524d \u5229 \u7528 SOM\u6280\u8853\u6240\u9032\u884c\u6587\u5b57\u8cc7\u6599\u53e2\u96c6\u6216\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5176\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\u4e3b\u984c\u76f8\u8fd1\u7684\u6587 \u4ef6 \u6216 \u8853 \u8a9e \u53ef \u4ee5 \u88ab \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u76f8 \u540c \u6216 \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \uff0c \u5728 \u8996 \u89ba \u5448 \u73fe \u4e0a \uff0c \u7b26 \u5408 \u4eba \u5011 \u7684 \u8a8d \u77e5 \uff0c \u9019 \u4e9b \u7814 \u7a76 \u53ef \u4ee5 \u8b49 \u660e SOM\u6280 \u8853 \u61c9 \u7528 \u65bc \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u53ef \u884c \u6027 \u3002 \u7136 \u800c \uff0c \u5f9e \u9019 \u4e9b \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e2d \u537b \u4e5f \u53ef \u4ee5 \u767c \u73fe \u5927 \u591a \u6578 \u7814 \u7a76 \u5728 \u8aaa \u660e \u5be6 \u9a57 \u7d50 \u679c \u6642 \uff0c \u591a \u534a \u4ee5 \u53e2 \u96c6 \u7684 \u7d50 \u679c \u8207 \u4e3b \u984c \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u9032 \u884c \u8a0e \u8ad6 \uff0c \u5728 \u5ba2 \u89c0 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u4e0a \u4e5f \u90fd \u4ee5 \u50b3 \u7d71 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u5206 \u985e \u7684 \u6aa2 \u5168 /\u6aa2\u6e96 (recall/precision)\u70ba\u6a19\u6e96[16]\uff0c\u751a\u5c11\u8a0e\u8ad6\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u5be6\u9a57\u7d50\u679c\u5728\u4e0d\u540c\u4e3b\u984c\u9593\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4f46\u5728\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76 \u4e2d \uff0c \u85c9 \u7531 \u5716 \u5f62 \u8868 \u793a \u6587 \u4ef6 \u6216 \u8853 \u8a9e \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u5206 \u5e03 \uff0c \u662f \u76f8 \u7576 \u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u76ee \u6a19 \u3002 \u5728 \u9032 \u884c \u9019 \u65b9 \u9762 \u7684 \u7814 \u7a76 \u6642 \uff0c \u4e5f \u61c9 \u8a72 \u6839 \u64da \u9019 \u65b9 \u9762 \u7684 \u8981 \u6c42 \uff0c \u8a2d \u8a08 \u4e00 \u5957 \u5408 \u9069 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u3002 3 \u7814 \u7a76 \u8a2d \u8a08 \u7814 \u7a76 \u8a2d \u8a08 \u7814 \u7a76 \u8a2d \u8a08 \u7814 \u7a76 \u8a2d \u8a08 \u672c \u7814 \u7a76 \u662f \u61c9 \u7528 SOM\u6280\u8853\u7684\u521d\u6b65\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u9664\u4e86\u63d0\u51fa\u8853\u8a9e\u9032\u884c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u8655\u7406\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u8a55\u4f30 \u5176 \u7d50 \u679c \u4e5f \u662f \u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u7814 \u7a76 \u554f \u984c \u3002 \u6b64 \u5916 \uff0c \u5728 \u73fe \u968e \u6bb5 \u7684 \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e2d \uff0c \u672c \u8ad6 \u6587 \u63a1 \u7528 \u4e00 \u822c \u7684 SOM\u6280\u8853\u4f5c\u70ba\u63a2\u8a0e\u7684\u5c0d\u8c61\uff0c \u5148 \u4ee5 \u4e00 \u822c \u5e38 \u7528 \u7684 \u578b \u614b \u8207 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u6a21 \u5f0f \u505a \u70ba SOM\u7684\u61c9\u7528\uff0c\u4f86\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u9805\u61c9\u7528\u7684\u53ef\u884c\u6027\u3002\u66f4\u70ba\u5148\u9032\u8207\u8907\u96dc\u7684\u6280\u8853\u5982 \u968e \u5c64 \u5f0f \u81ea \u7d44 \u7e54 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 [12]\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u5f8c\u7e8c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u9996\u5148\u8aaa\u660e\u4ee5SOM\u9032\u884c\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c \u63a5 \u8457 \u63d0 \u51fa \u8a55 \u4f30 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u6210 \u6548 \u7684 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u3002 3.1 \u4ee5 \u4ee5 \u4ee5 \u4ee5 SOM\u9032\u884c\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5 \u9032 \u884c \u8853 \u8a9e \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u9032 \u884c \u8853 \u8a9e \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u9032 \u884c \u8853 \u8a9e \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u5728 \u5229 \u7528 SOM\u9032\u884c\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9032\u884c\u8853\u8a9e\u62bd\u53d6(term extraction)\uff0c\u5f9e\u8f38\u5165\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u984c \u540d \u3001 \u6458 \u8981 \u8207 \u53c3 \u8003 \u6587 \u737b \u7684 \u984c \u540d \u7b49 \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u6599 \uff0c \u62bd \u53d6 \u51fa \u8a08 \u7b97 \u8a9e \u8a00 \u5b78 \u9818 \u57df \u4e2d \u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u4e2d \u82f1 \u6587 \u8853 \u8a9e [1]\u3002\u5224\u65b7\u4e00\u500b\u51fa\u73fe \u5728 \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e2d \u7684 \u5b57 \u4e32 \u662f \u5426 \u662f \u8207 \u9019 \u6587 \u5b57 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e3b \u984c \u76f8 \u95dc \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u53ef \u4ee5 \u5f9e \u5b57 \u4e32 \u7684 \u300e \u55ae \u5143 \u5b8c \u6574 \u6027 \u300f (unithood)\u8207\u300e\u4e3b \u984c \u4ee3 \u8868 \u6027 \u300f (termhood)\u7684\u5169\u65b9\u9762\u8457\u624b[17]\uff0c\u55ae\u5143\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u662f\u6307\u505a\u70ba\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u5b57\u4e32\u662f\u5426\u70ba\u8a9e\u8a00\u7d50\u69cb(linguistic structure)\u4e0a\u7684\u5b8c\u6574\u55ae\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982\u8a5e(words)\u6216\u8a5e\u7d44(phrases)\uff0c\u800c\u4e3b\u984c\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u5247\u662f\u6307\u6b64\u4e00\u8853\u8a9e\u80fd\u5426\u4ee3\u8868\u6587\u5b57\u8cc7\u6599\u7684 \u4e3b \u984c \u4e26 \u8207 \u5176 \u4ed6 \u4e3b \u984c \u5340 \u5225 \u3002 \u5728 \u672c \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e2d \u5c07 \u4ee5 \u7d71 \u8a08 \u8a0a \u606f \u70ba \u4e3b \uff0c \u914d \u5408 \u82e5 \u5e72 \u7d93 \u9a57 \u6cd5 \u5247 (heuristic rules)\u4f86\u9054\u5230\u9019\u5169\u9805 \u8981 \u6c42 \u3002 \u9996 \u5148 \u5c07 \u8ad6 \u6587 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u8f38 \u5165 \uff0c \u5efa \u7acb \u4e00 \u500b PAT-tree\u8cc7\u6599\u7d50\u69cb[18]\uff0c\u63a5\u8457\u5f9ePAT-tree\u6aa2\u53d6\u6240\u6709\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u8ad6\u6587\u8cc7\u6599 \u4e2d \u7684 \u5b57 \u4e32 \uff0c \u4e26 \u8a08 \u7b97 \u5b57 \u4e32 \u5728 \u6240 \u6709 \u8ad6 \u6587 \u7684 \u51fa \u73fe \u7e3d \u6b21 \u6578 \u3001 \u5b57 \u4e32 \u5728 \u8ad6 \u6587 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e2d \u7684 \u5e73 \u5747 \u51fa \u73fe \u983b \u6b21 \u548c \u6a19 \u6e96 \u5dee (standard deviation)\u4ee5\u53ca\u5b57\u4e32\u524d\u5f8c\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u5ea6\u7b49\u7d71\u8a08\u8cc7\u8a0a\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u4e32\u524d\u5f8c\u63a5\u5b57\u7684\u8907\u96dc\u5ea6(\u5982\u5f0f(3a, b))\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a\u505c\u7528 \u8a5e (stop words)\u4e0d\u80fd\u51fa\u73fe\u5728\u5b57\u4e32\u9996\u5c3e\u7684\u7d93\u9a57\u6cd5\u5247\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u6aa2\u6e2c\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u55ae\u5143\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002 ) log( 1 S aS a S aS def S F F F F C \u2211 \u2212 = (3a) ) log( 2 S Sb b S Sb def S F F F F C \u2211 \u2212 = (3b) \u5f0f (3a)\u548c(3b)\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b57\u4e32S\u7684\u524d\u5f8c\u63a5\u5b57\u8907\u96dc\u5ea6\u5206\u5225\u4ee5C 1S \u548c C 2S \u8868 \u793a \uff0c a\u548cb\u5247\u4ee3\u8868\u5b57\u4e32S\u5728\u8ad6\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u4efb\u4e00\u500b \u53ef \u80fd \u7684 \u524d \u63a5 \u5b57 \u548c \u5f8c \u63a5 \u5b57 \uff0c F S \u3001 F aS \u548c F Sb \u5206 \u5225 \u662f \u5b57 \u4e32 S\u3001aS\u548cSb\u7684\u51fa\u73fe\u7e3d\u6b21\u6578\u3002\u7576\u5b57\u4e32\u7684\u524d\u5f8c\u63a5\u5b57\u8907\u96dc\u5ea6\u8f03 \u5c0f \u6642 \uff0c \u8868 \u793a \u6b64 \u4e00 \u5b57 \u4e32 \u9700 \u8207 \u5176 \u524d \u9762 \u6216 \u5f8c \u9762 \u7684 \u67d0 \u4e00 \u5b57 \u4e32 \u5171 \u540c \u69cb \u6210 \u65b0 \u7684 \u5b57 \u4e32 \uff0c \u624d \u80fd \u8868 \u793a \u8a9e \u6cd5 \u548c \u8a9e \u610f \u4e0a \u7684 \u4e00 \u500b \u55ae \u5143 \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u7576 \u524d \u5f8c \u63a5 \u5b57 \u8907 \u96dc \u5ea6 \u6108 \u5927 \uff0c \u6108 \u6709 \u53ef \u80fd \u8868 \u793a \u4e00 \u500b \u5b8c \u6574 \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u3002 \u800c \u6240 \u6aa2 \u51fa \u7684 \u9ad8 \u983b \u5b57 \u4e32 \u4e2d \uff0c \u5b57 \u4e32 \u9996 \u5c3e \u7d93 \u5e38 \u662f \u4ecb \u8a5e \u3001 \u9023 \u8a5e \u6216 \u5b9a \u8a5e \u7b49 \u505c \u7528 \u8a5e \uff0c \u56e0 \u6b64 \u6211 \u5011 \u904e \u6ffe \u6389 \u9996 \u5c3e \u70ba \u505c \u7528 \u8a5e \u7684 \u5b57 \u4e32 \uff0c \u4f7f \u5f97 \u904e \u6ffe \u5f8c \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u53e5 \u6709 \u55ae \u5143 \u5b8c \u6574 \u6027 \u7684 \u8981 \u6c42 \u3002 \u4f46 \u505c \u7528 \u8a5e \u51fa \u73fe \u5728 \u4e2d \u9593 \u7684 \u5b57 \u4e32 \uff0c \u5982 \"part of speech\"\uff0c\u53ea\u8981\u51fa\u73fe\u6b21\u6578\u5920\u591a\u3001\u983b\u7387\u5920\u9ad8\u4ecd\u70ba\u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u3002 \u5728 \u53e6 \u4e00 \u65b9 \u9762 \uff0c \u5b57 \u4e32 \u5728 \u6240 \u6709 \u8ad6 \u6587 \u7684 \u51fa \u73fe \u7e3d \u6b21 \u6578 \u3001 \u5e73 \u5747 \u51fa \u73fe \u983b \u6b21 \u548c \u6a19 \u6e96 \u5dee \u5247 \u7528 \u4f86 \u8868 \u793a \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u4e3b \u984c \u4ee3 \u8868 \u6027 \uff0c \u51fa \u73fe \u7e3d \u6b21 \u6578 \u6108 \u5927 \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u8868 \u793a \u9019 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u5728 \u9818 \u57df \u4e2d \u5e38 \u88ab \u4f7f \u7528 \u800c \u5177 \u6709 \u91cd \u8981 \u610f \u7fa9 \uff0c \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u5e73 \u5747 \u51fa \u73fe \u983b \u6b21 \u548c \u6a19 \u6e96 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\u505a \u70ba \u5224 \u65b7 \u5b57 \u4e32 \u662f \u5426 \u70ba \u8a08 \u7b97 \u8a9e \u8a00 \u5b78 \u9818 \u57df \u4e2d \u91cd \u8981 \u8853 \u8a9e \u3002 \u63a5 \u8457 \uff0c \u5c0d \u4e0a \u8ff0 \u6b65 \u9a5f \u6240 \u62bd \u53d6 \u51fa \u4f86 \u7684 \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u8a2d \u5b9a \u4e00 \u500b \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u4f86 \u8a13 \u7df4 SOM\u3002\u70ba\u4e86\u7522\u751f\u5408\u9069\u7684SOM\uff0c \u76f8 \u95dc \u8853 \u8a9e \u6240 \u8a2d \u5b9a \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u5fc5 \u9808 \u76f8 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u3002 \u5982 \u6b64 \u4e00 \u4f86 \uff0c \u7576 \u628a \u8853 \u8a9e \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 SOM\u6642\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u8853\u8a9e\u5c07\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \u6216 \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e2d \uff0c \u6240 \u5f62 \u6210 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4fbf \u5177 \u6709 \u76f8 \u95dc \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u5c07 \u8f03 \u975e \u76f8 \u95dc \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u5c0f \u7684 \u7279 \u6027 \u3002 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\u5169 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u8207 \u5176 \u4ed6 \u8853 \u8a9e t k \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u5171 \u73fe \u60c5 \u5f62 \u3002 \u4e00 \u65e6 \u7576 t i \u8207 t k \u5171 \u540c \u51fa \u73fe \u5728 \u67d0 \u4e00 \u4e9b \u8ad6 \u6587 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u6642 \uff0c \u540c \u6642 t j \u4e5f \u7d93 \u5e38 \u51fa \u73fe \u5728 \u9019 \u4e9b \u8ad6 \u6587 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u6642 \uff0c \u8853 \u8a9e t i \u8207 t j \u53ef \u80fd \u76f8 \u95dc \u65bc \u540c \u4e00 \u500b \u7279 \u5b9a \u7684 \u4e3b \u984c \uff0c \u9019 \u5169 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u4fbf \u53ef \u80fd \u76f8 \u95dc \u3002 \u5982 \u679c t i \u8207 t j \u6709 \u8a31 \u591a \u5171 \u540c \u7684 \u5171 \u73fe \u8853 \u8a9e \u6642 \uff0c t i \u8207 t j \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u4fbf \u5f88 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u800c \u8868 \u793a \u5169 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u9593 \u5177 \u6709 \u8f03 \u5927 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u3002 \u4ee5 \u6578 \u5b78 \u7684 \u65b9 \u5f0f \u4f86 \u8868 \u793a \u4e0a \u8ff0 \u7684 \u8aaa \u660e \uff0c \u7576 \u6211 \u5011 \u4ee5 \u6b50 \u5e7e \u91cc \u5fb7 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u4f5c \u70ba \u5169 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u4e4b \u9593 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u7684 \u4f30 \u7b97 \u65b9 \u5f0f \u6642 \uff0c \u7576 \u5169 \u500b \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u5177 \u6709 \u6108 \u591a \u76f8 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u5143 \u7d20 \uff0c \u5728 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u6240 \u5728 \u7684 N\u7dad\u7a7a\u9593\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\u6108\u5c0f\uff0c\u8868\u793a\u5169\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u7a0b \u5ea6 \u6108 \u5927 \uff1b \u53cd \u4e4b \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u4e4b \u9593 \u76f8 \u7570 \u7684 \u5143 \u7d20 \u6108 \u591a \uff0c \u8ddd \u96e2 \u6108 \u5927 \uff0c \u5169 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u4fbf \u6108 \u5c0f \u3002 \u5728 \u5169 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e t i \u8207 t k \u7684 \u5171 \u73fe \u95dc \u4fc2 \u4e0a \uff0c \u4e5f \u5c31 \u662f \u4e0a \u8ff0 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf f i \u4e2d \u7684 \u5143 \u7d20 o ik \u4e4b \u503c \uff0c \u53ef \u4ee5 \u5229 \u7528 \u8fd1 \u4f86 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u6aa2 \u7d22 \u5e38 \u4f7f \u7528 \u7684 \u300e \u96b1 \u542b \u8a9e \u7fa9 \u5206 \u6790 \u300f",
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"sec_num": null
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{
"text": "(latent semantic analysis, LSA)\u6280\u8853 [19] \u4f86\u9032\u884c\u4f30\u7b97\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u67d0\u4e9b\u76f8\u95dc\u8853\u8a9e\u537b\u8f03\u5c11\u5171 ",
"cite_spans": [
{
"start": 34,
"end": 38,
"text": "[19]",
"ref_id": "BIBREF18"
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{
"text": "\u540c \u51fa \u73fe \u7684 \u554f \u984c \u53ef \u4ee5 \u6e1b \u8f15 \u3002 \u5176 \u4f30 \u7b97 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u5982 \u4e0b \uff0c \u6211 \u5011 \u9996 \u5148 \u5efa \u7acb \u300e \u8853 \u8a9e -\u6587\u4ef6\u77e9\u9663\u300f(term-document matrix)\uff0c\u4ee5 \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u62bd \u53d6 \u51fa \u4f86 \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u5c0d \u61c9 \u5230 \u77e9 \u9663 \u4e2d \u7684 \u4e00 \u884c (row)\uff0c\u77e9\u9663\u4e2d\u7684\u6bcf\u4e00\u5217(column)\u5247\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230\u4e00\u7b46\u8ad6\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\uff0c\u5728 \u77e9 \u9663 \u4e2d \u7b2c i\u884c\u7b2cp\u5217\u7684\u5143\u7d20\uff0c\u5176\u503c\u70ba\u7b2ci\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u5728\u7b2cp\u7b46\u8ad6\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u51fa\u73fe\u7684\u6b21\u6578\u3002\u63a5\u8457\u5c0d\u65bc\u300e\u8853\u8a9e-\u6587\u4ef6\u77e9\u9663\u300f \u9032 \u884c \u5947 \u7570 \u503c \u5206 \u89e3 (singular value decomposition)\uff0c\u6c42\u5f97\u4e00\u7d44\u7dad\u5ea6\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u65b0\u8853\u8a9e\u5411\u91cf\u3002\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\u65b0\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u7dad\u5ea6\u70ba \u03b4\uff0c\u65b0\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u5411\u91cf\u7d44\u4fbf\u662f\u6240\u6709\u7dad\u5ea6\u70ba\u03b4\u7684\u5411\u91cf\u7d44\u4e2d\uff0c\u5167\u7a4d\u7684\u4f30\u7b97\u503c\u8207\u539f\u5148\u300e\u8853\u8a9e-\u6587\u4ef6\u77e9\u9663\u300f\u7684\u5167\u7a4d\u8aa4\u5dee\u6700 \u5c0f \u7684 \u5411 \u91cf \u7d44 \u4e4b \u4e00 \uff0c \u8853 \u8a9e \u9593 \u5171 \u73fe \u95dc \u4fc2 \u4fbf \u4ee5 \u9019 \u7d44 \u5411 \u91cf \u5169 \u5169 \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u5411 \u91cf \u5167 \u7a4d \u503c \u4f5c \u70ba \u4f30 \u7b97 \u503c \u3002 \u800c \u4e14 \u5c0d \u65bc \u7f3a \u4e4f \u5171 \u540c \u51fa \u73fe \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \uff0c \u6b64 \u4e00 \u5171 \u73fe \u95dc \u4fc2 \u7684 \u4f30 \u7b97 \u65b9 \u6cd5 \u5177 \u6709 \u9069 \u7576 \u7684 \u88dc \u511f \u6548 \u679c \uff0c \u4f7f \u5f97 \u76f8 \u95dc \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u8f03 \u70ba \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u672c \u7814 \u7a76 \u6240 \u7522 \u751f \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u53ef \u4ee5 \u4f5c \u70ba SOM\u6280\u8853\u7684\u8f38\u5165\uff0c\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u5c07\u6bd4\u7531\u300e\u8853\u8a9e-\u6587\u4ef6\u77e9\u9663\u300f\u6240\u4f30\u7b97\u7684\u5171 \u73fe \u95dc \u4fc2 \u70ba \u4f73 \u3002 \u63a5 \u4e0b \u4f86 \uff0c \u4fbf \u5c0d \u65bc \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u6240 \u7522 \u751f \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u9032 \u884c SOM\u8a13\u7df4\u3002\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u6240\u63a1\u7528\u7684\u8abf\u9069\u51fd\u6578\u5982\u5f0f(5) \u6240 \u793a \uff0c \u03b1 \u03c4 \u03c4 ] 1 ) , ( [ 2 )) , ( , ( + \u00d7 \u2212 = c w n n d c w e n n d h (5) \u5728 \u5f0f (5)\u4e2d\uff0c\u03b1\u662f\u4e00\u500b\u9810\u8a2d\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u503c\uff0c\u7528\u4f86\u63a7\u5236\u8a13\u7df4\u6b21\u6578\u548c\u7372\u52dd\u8005\u9130\u8fd1\u7bc4\u570d\u4e2d\u9032\u884c\u8abf\u9069\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u6578\u91cf\u3002\u5982 \u540c \u7b2c \u4e8c \u7bc0 \u4e2d \u6240 \u63d0 \u5230 \u7684 \uff0c \u5c0d \u65bc \u67d0 \u4e00 \u7bc0 \u9ede n c \uff0c \u8abf \u9069 \u51fd \u6578 h(.)\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u8abf\u9069\u5e45\u5ea6\u8207\u8a13\u7df4\u6b21\u6578\u03c4\u548c\u9019\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u8207\u7372\u52dd \u8005 n w \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 d(n w , n c )\u6709\u95dc\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u63a1\u7528\u6b50\u5e7e\u91cc\u5f97\u8ddd\u96e2\u505a\u70bad(n w , n c )\u7684\u8a08\u7b97\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5728\u5f0f(5)\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5 \u767c \u73fe \u5728 \u6bcf \u6b21 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u4e2d \uff0c \u6108 \u63a5 \u8fd1 \u300e \u7372 \u52dd \u8005 \u300f \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede (d(n w , n c )\u503c\u6108\u5c0f)\uff0c\u7372\u5f97\u7684\u8abf\u6574\u5e45\u5ea6\u6108\u5927\uff0c\u6108\u9060\u96e2\u5247\u5e45\u5ea6\u6108 \u5c0f \uff1b \u800c \u300e \u7372 \u52dd \u8005 \u300f \u662f \u8abf \u6574 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \u6700 \u5927 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u3002 \u800c \u4e14 \u96a8 \u8457 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u6b21 \u6578 \u589e \u52a0 \uff0c \u8abf \u9069 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u6578 \u91cf \u4ee5 \u53ca \u8abf \u9069 \u5e45 \u5ea6 \u90fd \u6108 \u4f86 \u6108 \u5c0f \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u53ef \u4ee5 \u4fdd \u8b49 \u5728 \u7d93 \u904e \u591a \u6b21 \u7684 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u4e4b \u5f8c \uff0c \u6240 \u7522 \u751f \u7684 SOM\u6703\u6536\u6582\u3002 3.2 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u6210 \u6548 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u6210 \u6548 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u6210 \u6548 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u6210 \u6548 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u5229 \u7528 SOM\u6280\u8853\u9032\u884c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u7576\u8cc7\u6599\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5716\u5f62\u4e0a\u6642\uff0c\u5b83\u5011\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u4ecd\u7136\u53ef\u4ee5\u76e1\u91cf\u4fdd \u6301 \u539f \u5148 \u5728 \u9ad8 \u7dad \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \uff0c \u5982 \u6b64 \u4e00 \u4f86 \uff0c \u53ef \u4ee5 \u5f9e SOM\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5716\u5f62\u8a8d\u77e5\u539f\u5148\u7684\u8cc7\u6599\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8aaa\uff0c \u5047 \u8a2d \u4efb \u4f55 \u5169 \u5c0d \u8853 \u8a9e (t 1 , t 2 )\u548c(t 3 , t 4 )\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u5206\u5225\u662ff 1 \u3001 f 2 \u3001 f 3 \u548c f 4 \uff0c \u5982 \u679c \u5728 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u4e0a \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u662f d(f 1 , f 2 )>d (f 3 , f 4 )\u3002\u5728\u7d93\u904e\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u5f8c\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u5e0c\u671b\u7576\u8853\u8a9e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u7bc0\u9eden 1 \u3001 n 2 \u3001 n 3 \u548c n 4 \u6642 \uff0c \u53ef \u4ee5 \u767c \u73fe n 1 \u3001 n 2 \u3001 n 3 \u548c n 4 \u5728 \u5716 \u5f62 \u7684 \u4f4d \u7f6e \u4e0a \uff0c \u5176 \u6b50 \u5e7e \u91cc \u5f97 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u5177 \u6709 d (n 1 , n 2 )> d (n 3 , n 4 )\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\u3002 \u6240 \u4ee5 \uff0c \u5728 \u6bd4 \u8f03 \u61c9 \u7528 SOM\u9032\u884c\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u6210\u6548\u6642\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5148\u8a08\u7b97\u51fa\u6bcf\u4e00\u5c0d\u8853\u8a9e\u5728\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u7684\u8ddd\u96e2\uff0c\u5728 \u5c07 \u8853 \u8a9e \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u5716 \u5f62 \u5f8c \uff0c \u518d \u4ee5 \u6240 \u6620 \u5c04 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u8a08 \u7b97 \u8853 \u8a9e \u5728 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e0a \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \uff0c \u6700 \u5f8c \u518d \u8a08 \u7b97 \u9019 \u5169 \u7a2e \u8ddd \u96e2 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 (correlation coefficients)\uff0c\u505a\u70ba\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u6210\u6548\u7684\u8a55\u4f30\u6a19\u6e96\uff0c\u76f8\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u8f03\u5c0f\uff0c\u8868\u793aSOM\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u8f03\u4e0d\u7406\u60f3\uff1b \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \u6108 \u5927 \uff0c \u5247 \u8868 \u793a SOM\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u5716\u5f62\u4fdd\u7559\u6108\u591a\u539f\u5148\u5728\u9ad8\u7dad\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u4e0a\u7684\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5f9e\u5716\u5f62\u4e0a\u8a8d\u77e5\u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u53e2 \u96c6 \u4ee5 \u53ca \u5206 \u96e2 \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \uff0c \u9032 \u800c \u63a2 \u7d22 \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e3b \u984c \u5f7c \u6b64 \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u3002 4 \u7d50 \u679c \u8207 \u8a0e \u8ad6 \u7d50 \u679c \u8207 \u8a0e \u8ad6 \u7d50 \u679c \u8207 \u8a0e \u8ad6 \u7d50 \u679c \u8207 \u8a0e \u8ad6 \u672c \u8ad6 \u6587 \u4ee5 \u7b2c \u4e00 \u5c46 (1988)\u5230\u7b2c\u5341\u56db\u5c46(2001) ROCLING\u7814\u8a0e\u6703\u7684235\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\u505a\u70ba\u5206\u6790\u8a08\u7b97\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u4e3b \u984c \u7684 \u7d20 \u6750 \uff0c \u5f9e \u9019 \u4e9b \u8ad6 \u6587 \u7684 \u984c \u540d \u3001 \u6458 \u8981 \u53ca \u53c3 \u8003 \u6587 \u737b \u7684 \u984c \u540d \u4e2d \uff0c \u62bd \u53d6 \u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \uff0c \u4e26 \u5c07 \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u3002 \u9032 \u884c \u8853 \u8a9e \u62bd \u53d6 \u6642 \uff0c \u672c \u8ad6 \u6587 \u5b57 \u4e32 \u51fa \u73fe \u7e3d \u6b21 \u6578 \u7684 \u95be \u503c \u8a2d \u5b9a \u70ba 20\u6b21\uff0c\u5e73\u5747\u983b\u6b21\u548c\u6a19\u6e96\u5dee\u7684\u7e3d\u548c\u8a2d\u70ba2.5\uff0c\u524d\u5f8c\u63a5 \u5b57 \u7684 \u8907 \u96dc \u5ea6 \u5247 \u8a2d \u70ba 0.5\uff0c\u7d50\u679c\u5171\u5f97\u5230229\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u3002 \u63a5 \u8457 \u5c07 \u6240 \u62bd \u53d6 \u51fa \u4f86 \u7684 229\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\uff0c\u5229\u7528LSA\u6280\u8853\u4f30\u7b97\u5f7c\u6b64\u9593\u7684\u5171\u73fe\u95dc\u4fc2\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u5404\u500b\u8853\u8a9e\u7684\u7279\u5fb5\u5411\u91cf\u3002 \u6700 \u5f8c \u4ee5 \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u9032 \u884c SOM\u8a13\u7df4\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u4ee520\u00d720\u500b\u7bc0\u9ede\u9032\u884c\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u6e2c\u8a66\u8a13\u7df4\u6b21\u6578\u4ee5\u53ca \u7b2c 3\u7bc0\u5f0f(4)\u7684\u53c3\u6578\u03b1\u4e4b\u5f71\u97ff\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5728\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u53c3\u6578\u03b1\u5206\u5225\u8a2d\u5b9a\u70ba250\u3001150\u3001 50\u548c25\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u500b\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u03b1\u503c\uff0c \u9032 \u884c \u4e09 \u6b21 \u8a66 \u9a57 \uff0c \u8a18 \u9304 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u6b21 \u6578 0 (\u521d\u59cb)\u300110\u300150\u3001100\u8207200\u7b49\u5404\u6b21\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u3002\u53d6\u4e09\u6b21\u8a66\u9a57\u4e2d\u7b2c200\u6b21\u8a13 \u7df4 \u7372 \u5f97 \u8f03 \u4f73 \u7d50 \u679c \u7684 \u8a66 \u9a57 \uff0c \u4e5f \u5c31 \u662f \u03c4=200\u6642\u76f8\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\u6700\u5927\u8005\uff0c\u9032\u884c\u6bd4\u8f03\u3002\u5be6\u9a57\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u6240\u7522\u751f\u7684\u76f8\u95dc\u4fc2\u6578\uff0c\u5982 \u8868 1\u5404\u6b04\u6240\u793a\u3002 \u8868 1 \u4ee5 \u81ea \u7d44 \u7e54 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u9032 \u884c \u8853 \u8a9e \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u5be6 \u9a57 \u7d50 \u679c \u8a13 \u7df4 \u6b21 \u6578 \u03c4 \u03b1=250 \u03b1=150 \u03b1=50",
"cite_spans": [],
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"eq_spans": [],
"section": "",
"sec_num": null
},
{
"text": "\u521d \u59cb \u7684 \u6642 \u5019 \uff0c \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u4ecd \u672a \u7d44 \u7e54 \u5316 \uff0c \u8853 \u8a9e \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u5716 \u4e0a \u7684 \u5404 \u500b \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \uff0c \u5176 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u8207 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u7121 \u95dc \uff0c \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \u4e0d \u9ad8 \uff0c \u5404 \u6b04 \u5747 \u5728 0.06\u81f30.08\u4e4b\u9593\uff0c\u986f\u793a\u6b64\u6642\u9664\u4e86 \u5c11 \u6578 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u8853 \u8a9e \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u76f8 \u540c \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \uff0c \u5927 \u591a \u6578 \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7a0b \u5ea6 \u672a \u80fd \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u5716 \u5f62 \u4e2d \u3002 (2) \u7d93 \u904e \u5e7e \u6b21 \u8a13 \u7df4 \u4e4b \u5f8c \uff0c \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u4e0a \u7bc0 \u9ede \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u5df2 \u7d93 \u4f9d \u7167 \u67d0 \u7a2e \u898f \u5247 \u6392 \u5217 \uff0c \u6b64 \u6642 \u7684 \u5be6 \u9a57 \u7d50 \u679c \u7372 \u5f97 \u8f03 \u5927 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \uff0c \u986f \u793a \u82e5 \u5e72 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u5df2 \u7d93 \u88ab \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e2d \uff0c \u6bd4 \u65b9 \u8aaa \uff0c \u4ee5 \u03b1=150\u4e00\u7d44\u7684\u6578\u64da\u70ba\u4f8b\uff0c\u5728\u8a13\u7df4\u6b21\u6578\u8d85\u904e10\u6b21\u4e4b \u5f8c \uff0c \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \u7d04 \u70ba 0.50\u3002(3) \u5404 \u6b04 \u7684 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u4e5f \u8868 \u793a \uff0c \u8a13 \u7df4 \u6b21 \u6578 \u76f8 \u7576 \u5927 \u6642 \uff0c \u672c \u7814 \u7a76 \u63d0 \u51fa \u7684 SOM\u6280\u8853\u53ef\u4ee5\u6536\u6582\u3002 (4) \u5982 \u7b2c 3\u7bc0\u4e2d\u6240\u63d0\u5230\u53c3\u6578\u03b1\u53ef\u4ee5\u63a7\u5236\u8abf\u9069\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u6578\u91cf\uff0c\u03b1\u503c\u6108\u5927\uff0c\u8abf\u9069\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u6578\u91cf\u6108\u591a\u3002\u5f9e\u5be6\u9a57\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011 \u767c \u73fe \u03b1\u503c\u904e\u5927\uff0c\u5728\u8a13\u7df4\u7684\u904e\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8f03\u4e0d\u7a69\u5b9a\uff1b\u4f46\u8f03\u5c0f\u7684\u03b1\u503c\uff0c\u537b\u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u6536\u6582\u5230\u8f03\u70ba\u6b21\u4f73\u7684\u7d50\u679c\u3002\u5728\u672c\u7814\u7a76\u7684 \u5be6 \u9a57 \u4e2d \uff0c \u4ee5 \u03b1\u503c\u70ba150\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u7d50\u679c\uff0c\u8f03\u4ee4\u4eba\u6eff\u610f\u3002(5) \u7136 \u800c \u5fc5 \u9808 \u52a0 \u4ee5 \u8aaa \u660e \u7684 \u662f \u5728 SOM\u7684\u8a13\u7df4\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e2d\uff0c\u662f \u4ee5 \u8f38 \u5165 \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u5c0d \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u9032 \u884c \u7d44 \u7e54 \u5316 \uff0c \u4e26 \u4e0d \u662f \u5c0d \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u689d \u4ef6 \u9032 \u884c \u6700 \u4f73 \u5316 \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \u4e26 \u4e0d \u6703 \u5448 \u73fe \u55ae \u8abf \u905e \u6e1b \u7684 \u60c5 \u5f62 \u3002 \u800c \u4e14 \uff0c \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \u96d6 \u7136 \u53ef \u4ee5 \u63d0 \u4f9b \u5ba2 \u89c0 \u7684 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u6a19 \u6e96 \uff0c \u7136 \u800c \u6240 \u5f97 \u5230 \u7684 \u7d50 \u679c \u9084 \u9700 \u8981 \u9032 \u4e00 \u6b65 \u5448 \u73fe \u4f86 \u52a0 \u4ee5 \u8a6e \u91cb \uff0c \u624d \u80fd \u770b \u51fa SOM\u6280\u8853\u904b\u7528\u5728\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u6210\u6548\u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u9664 \u4e86 \u4ee5 \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \u4f86 \u8861 \u91cf \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u6210 \u6548 \u4e4b \u5916 \uff0c \u6700 \u70ba \u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u4ecd \u662f \u7d93 \u5be6 \u969b \u7522 \u751f \u7684 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u6240 \u8868 \u9054 \u7684 \u8a0a \u606f \uff0c \u6211 \u5011 \u5c07 \u4e0a \u9762 \u5be6 \u9a57 \u4e2d \u6240 \u5f97 \u5230 \u8f03 \u4f73 \u7684 \u7d50 \u679c \u4e4b \u4e00 \uff0c \u03b1\u503c\u70ba150\u3001\u8a13\u7df4\u6b21\u657850\u6b21\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u6620\u5c04\u5716\uff0c\u5448\u73fe\u5728 \u5716 1\u4e2d\u3002\u5f9e\u57161\u4e2d\uff0c\u6211\u5011\u53ef\u4ee5\u767c\u73fe\u5927\u591a\u6578\u76f8\u95dc\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u90fd\u88ab\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u540c\u4e00\u7bc0\u9ede\u6216\u662f\u9130\u8fd1\u7684\u7bc0\u9ede\u4e0a\uff0c\u6bd4\u65b9\u8aaa\u3002\u5728 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u4e0b \u65b9 \uff0c \u6240 \u5305 \u62ec \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u5927 \u591a \u8207 \u8a9e \u8a00 \u5b78 \u7814 \u7a76 \u76f8 \u95dc \uff0c \u5982 \u6700 \u5de6 \u908a \u7684",
"cite_spans": [],
"ref_spans": [],
"eq_spans": [],
"section": "",
"sec_num": null
},
{
"text": "\"syntax\"\u3001\"functional\"\u3001\"syntactic\"",
"cite_spans": [],
"ref_spans": [],
"eq_spans": [],
"section": "",
"sec_num": null
},
{
"text": "\u3001 \"semantic\" \u3001 \"lexical\" \u3001 \"semantics\" \u3001 \"lexicon\" \u4ee5 \u53ca",
"cite_spans": [],
"ref_spans": [],
"eq_spans": [],
"section": "",
"sec_num": null
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"TABREF0": {
"text": "Department of Information and Communications, Shih-Hsin Universityscl@cc.shu.edu.tw",
"content": "<table><tr><td/><td/><td>\u6797 \u980c \u5805 Sung-Chien Lin</td></tr><tr><td/><td/><td>\u4e16 \u65b0 \u5927 \u5b78 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u50b3 \u64ad \u5b78 \u7cfb</td></tr><tr><td/><td/><td>\u6458 \u8981 \u6458 \u8981 \u6458 \u8981 \u6458 \u8981 \u4f7f \u5f97 \u8853 \u672c \u8a9e \u8ad6 \u4e4b \u6587 \u9593 \u7684 \u7684 \u7814 \u95dc \u7a76 \u5229 \u4fc2 \u53ef \u7528 \u4ee5 \u81ea \u5728 \u7d44 \u6620 \u7e54 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5716 \u5c04 \u4e2d \u5716 \u52a0 (SOM)\u6280\u8853\u5c07\u8a08\u7b97\u8a9e\u8a00\u5b78\u76f8\u95dc\u8853\u8a9e\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230\u4e8c\u7dad\u5716\u5f62\uff0c \u4ee5 \u5448 \u73fe \uff0c \u63d0 \u4f9b \u4f7f \u7528 \u8005 \u505a \u70ba \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u6aa2 \u7d22 \u4ee5 \u53ca \u4e86 \u89e3 \u91cd \u8981 \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e3b \u984c \u7684 \u8f14 \u52a9 \u5de5 \u5177 \u3002 \u5728 \u672c \u8ad6 \u6587 \u4e2d \uff0c \u6211 \u5011 \u6240 \u63a2 \u8a0e \u7684 \u554f \u984c (1)\u767c\u5c55SOM\u6280\u8853\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996 \u6709 \u89ba \u5316 \u7684 \u65b9 \u6cd5 (2)\u8a55\u4f30SOM\u6280\u8853\u61c9\u7528\u5230\u8853\u8a9e\u8cc7\u8a0a\u8996\u89ba\u5316\u7684\u6210\u6548\uff0c(3)\u5229\u7528\u7814\u7a76\u7d50\u679c\u5206\u6790\u8a08\u7b97\u8a9e \uff0c \u8a00 \u5b78 \u4e2d \u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u7814 \u7a76 \u4e3b \u984c \u8207 \u4e3b \u984c \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u3002 SOM\u6280\u8853\u7684\u61c9\u7528\u4e2d\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u5f9e\u8ad6\u6587\u8cc7\u6599\u4e2d\u62bd\u53d6 \u5728 \u91cd \u8981 \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \uff0c \u63a5 \u8457 \u4ee5 \u8853 \u8a9e \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u5171 \u73fe \u95dc \u4fc2 \u505a \u70ba \u57fa \u790e \uff0c \u5efa \u7acb \u6bcf \u4e00 \u500b \u8853 \u8a9e \u7684 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u3002 \u518d \u4ee5 \u8853 \u8a9e \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u505a \u70ba \u8f38 \u5165 \u8cc7 \u6599 \uff0c \u9032 SOM\u8a13\u7df4\u4ee5\u53ca\u5c07\u8853\u8a9e\u6620\u5c04\u5230\u5716\u5f62\u4e0a\u3002\u5c0d\u65bc\u9019\u9805\u6280\u8853\u5728\u61c9\u7528 \u884c \u4e0a \u7684 \u6210 \u6548 \u8a55 \u4f30 \uff0c \u7531 \u65bc \u6620 \u5c04 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u5728 \u8996 \u89ba \u4e0a \u8981 \u9700 \u8981 \u7b26 \u5408 \u8853 \u8a9e \u9593 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u6027 \u3002 \u56e0 \u6b64 \uff0c \u6211 \u5011 \u5efa \u8b70 \u4ee5 \u7279 \u5fb5 \u5411 \u91cf \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u8207 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4f4d \u7f6e \u7684 \u8ddd \u96e2 \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u76f8 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u6578 \u505a \u70ba \u6210 \u6548 \u8a55 \u4f30 \u7684 \u6a19 \u6e96 \u3002 \u6700 \u5f8c \uff0c \u5c0d \u65bc \u8a08 \u7b97 \u8a9e \u8a00 \u5b78 \u9818 \u57df \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u6240 \u9032 \u884c \u7684 \u5be6 \u9a57 \u4e2d \u53ef \u4ee5 \u767c \u73fe \u5927 \u591a \u6578 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7684 \u8853 \u8a9e \u90fd \u53ef \u4ee5 \u6620 \u5c04 \u5230 \u76f8 \u9130 \u8fd1 \u7684 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u4e0a \uff0c \u800c \u8853 \u8a9e \u6240 \u6620 \u5c04 \u7bc0 \u9ede \u7684 \u4f4d \u7f6e \u4e5f \u53ef \u4ee5 \u5927 \u81f4 \u8868 \u73fe \u4e3b \u984c \u4e4b \u9593 \u7684 \u95dc \u4fc2 \u3002 \u9019 \u500b \u7d50 \u679c \u8868 SOM \u793a \u6280 \u8853 \u9069 \u5408 \u61c9 \u7528 \u65bc \u8853 \u8a9e \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u8996 \u89ba \u5316 \u3002</td></tr><tr><td>1</td><td/><td>\u7dd2 \u8ad6 \u7dd2 \u8ad6 \u7dd2 \u8ad6 \u7dd2 \u8ad6</td></tr><tr><td>\u4e4b \u7b49 \u4fbf \u984c \u7814</td><td>\u9593 \u8ad6 \u662f \u6216 \u7a76</td><td>\u672c \u7684 \u8cc7 \u8ad6 \u8a0a \u6587 \u52a0 \u662f \u4e00 \u4ee5 \u8996 \u500b \u89ba \u5c07 \u8a08 (visualization)\u3002\u5f9e\u8ad6\u6587\u6240\u62bd\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u53ef\u4ee5\u8868\u793a\u7814\u7a76\u554f\u984c\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7406\u8ad6\u8207\u6280\u8853 \u7b97 \u8a9e \u8a00 \u5b78 \u76f8 \u95dc \u8853 (terms)\u5c0d\u61c9\u5230\u4e8c\u7dad\u5716\u5f62\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5176\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u5e0c\u671b\u80fd\u5920\u860a\u542b\u5728\u8853\u8a9e \u8a9e \u5316 \u6587 \u76f8 \u95dc \u7684 \u4e3b \u984c \uff0c \u82e5 \u662f \u91dd \u5c0d \u67d0 \u4e00 \u7814 \u7a76 \u9818 \u57df \u6240 \u767c \u8868 \u7684 \u8ad6 \u6587 \u9032 \u884c \u8853 \u8a9e \u62bd \u53d6 \u4e26 \u52a0 \u4ee5 \u7d71 \u8a08 \uff0c \u6240 \u5f97 \u5230 \u7684 \u9ad8 \u983b \u8853 \u8a9e \u9019 \u500b \u9818 \u57df \u7684 \u91cd \u8981 \u4e3b [1]\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u9019\u4e9b\u5f9e\u8ad6\u6587\u62bd\u53d6\u51fa\u4f86\u7684\u8853\u8a9e\u5c07\u6709\u52a9\u65bc\u4e86\u89e3\u9019\u500b\u9818\u57df\u6240\u767c\u5c55\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8ab2 \u984c \u662f \u9032 \u884c \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u7684 \u6aa2 \u7d22 \u3002 \u70ba \u4e86 \u9032 \u4e00 \u6b65 \u5e6b \u52a9 \u4f7f \u7528 \u8005 \u5f9e \u5927 \u91cf \u7684 \u6587 \u4ef6 \u8cc7 \u6599 \u5eab \u4e2d \u641c \u5c0b \u76f8 \u95dc \u7684 \u8cc7 \u8a0a \u4f86 \u89e3 \u6c7a \u6240 \u9762 \u5c0d \u7684 \u554f \u984c \u4ee5 \u53ca \u63d0 \u4f9b \u4ed6 \u5011 \u5c0d \u65bc \u9019 \u500b \u9818 \u57df \u7814 \u7a76 \u6240 \u7522 \u751f \u7684 \u77e5 \u8b58 \u7d50 \u69cb</td></tr></table>",
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