{ "paper_id": "O06-1011", "header": { "generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0", "date_generated": "2023-01-19T08:07:45.370041Z" }, "title": "", "authors": [], "year": "", "venue": null, "identifiers": {}, "abstract": "", "pdf_parse": { "paper_id": "O06-1011", "_pdf_hash": "", "abstract": [], "body_text": [ { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "| ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 1 (2) x C Test y C Train ' y ' x F x F x C C x F Test Train 1 ) (", "eq_num": "(3)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "1 Train C Train C 1.0 x C Test 1.0 x C Train x y 5 (Cumulative Histogram) i (Quantiles) (Mean) i (Equalization) (", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "x H K K K Q x Q x Q x H 1 (4) K Q x H (5) (Quantile Correction) (Minimum Mean Square Error, MMSE) (5) 1 1 2 , min arg , K k train k k Q Q H (5) K k Q k train k Q k (5) (4) (Weight Average)", "eq_num": "(5)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "3.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "[21] ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "6", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "i i v u , (Response Variable) i v (Explanatory Variable) i u (Regression Model) i u i v i u G (Coefficients) i u G i \u1e7d (Minimum Sum of Squares Error) i u i \u1e7d i v (Least Squares Regression) i u G M M m m i m M i M i i i i u a u a u a u a a u G v 0 2 2 1 0 (6) M a a a , , , 1 0 (Coefficients) 2 E N i M m m i m i u a v E 1 2 0 2 (7) (Polynomial-Fit Histogram Equalization, PHEQ) i y i y i Train y C (7) M m m i Train m i i Train y C a y y C G 0 (8) 2 ' E N i M m m i Train m i y C a y E 1 2 0 2 '", "eq_num": "(9)" } ], "section": "(Polynomial-Fit Histogram Equalization, PHEQ)", "sec_num": "3.1" }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "N (Frame) M a a a , , , 1 0 (10) M a a a , , , 1 0 M m a E m 1 , 0 ' 2 (10) N y y y Y , , 2 1 Y S Y i y 7 N y S y C i pos i (11) i pos y S i y S N (11)", "eq_num": "(8)" } ], "section": "(Polynomial-Fit Histogram Equalization, PHEQ)", "sec_num": "3.1" }, { "text": "(Non-Casual Moving Average) 8 ~, 1 2~ otherwise y L T t L if L y y t L L i i t t (12) (Casual Moving Average) ~, 1 0 otherwise y T t L if L y y t L i i t t (13) (Non-Casual Auto Regression Moving Average) ~, 1 21 0 otherwise y L T t L if L y y y t L i L j j t i t t (14) (Casual Auto Regression Moving Average) ~, 1 21 0 otherwise y T t L if L y y y t L i L j j t i t t (15) i \u1ef9 i \u0177 L", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "(Polynomial-Fit Histogram Equalization, PHEQ)", "sec_num": "3.1" }, { "text": "Order of Moving Average 6.", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "(Polynomial-Fit Histogram Equalization, PHEQ)", "sec_num": "3.1" }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "3.3 (16) i i y y\u02c6 t y [19][20] 1 t t t y y y (16) i y i \u0177 ' ' E N i i Clean i Noisy y y E 1 2 ) ( ) ( ' '", "eq_num": "(17)" } ], "section": "(Polynomial-Fit Histogram Equalization, PHEQ)", "sec_num": "3.1" }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": ") (i noisy y i (16) ) (i clean y (16)", "eq_num": "(17)" } ], "section": "(Polynomial-Fit Histogram Equalization, PHEQ)", "sec_num": "3.1" } ], "back_matter": [], "bib_entries": { "BIBREF0": { "ref_id": "b0", "title": "Speech Recognition in noisy environments: A survey", "authors": [ { "first": "Y", "middle": [], "last": "Gong", "suffix": "" } ], "year": 1995, "venue": "Speech communication", "volume": "16", "issue": "", "pages": "", "other_ids": {}, "num": null, "urls": [], "raw_text": "Y. 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sthtntytsthtnt
()()
(Speech Robustness) [11][12]
(Vector Quantization)(Distributed Speech Recognition, DSR)
[10][15](Histogram Equalization)[1] (THEQ)
(1) (QHEQ)(Speech Enhancement) (Quantization Distortion)
2.1(Histogram Equalization, HEQ)
(Data Fitting) (Uncorrelated) (Table Look-Up based Histogram Equalization, THEQ)[10] (Inverse Function) (Noisy Speech)(Clean
(Speech))(Spectral Subtraction, SS)[2](Wiener (Mel-Frequency
Filter, WF)[3] Cepstral Coefficients, MFCC)[16][17][18]
(2)(Moving Average) (Quantile-based Histogram Equalization, QHEQ)[13,14] (Robust Speech Feature) [10][19][20]
(Transformation Function)(Non-stationary Noise)
(Cepstrum Mean Subtraction, CMS)[4] (Grid Search) [19][20]x(Cepstrum
Mean and Variance Normalization, CMVN)[5](Probability Density Function,
(3) PDF) p Testx(Acoustic Model Adaptation) (Data Fitting) x F xy
AURORA-2 y p Train p Testx(Adaptation Data) (1)
pTrainypTestxdx dypTest(Mean Vector) dy F d y F 1 1y(Covariance Matrix)(1)
1.F 1(Maximum a Posteriori, MAP)[6] Regression, MLLR)[7] y x F (Inverse Function)(Maximum Likelihood Linear (Cumulative
(Automatic Speech Recognition, ASR) Probability Density Function, CDF) (CMVN) 2. dx x p x x C Test Test(CMS)
FxpTestF(Moment) dy y dF ydy(Environment Mismatch) (Background Noise)
ypTrain(Channel Effect) dy y x F y(Speech Robustness)
CTrainy[8][9]
(Histogram Equalization)[10](Log Energy)
(Mel Filter-Bank)(1)(Additive Noise) (2) (Mel-Frequency Cepstral
(Convolutional Noise) Coefficient)(Test
(Linearly Additive) Speech)(Cumulative Density Function, CDF)(Training Speech)
(Reference Distribution)
2 3 4
", "type_str": "table", "html": null, "text": "69308027@cc.ntnu.edu.tw, ymyeh@ice.ntnu.edu.tw, berlin@csie.ntnu.edu.tw", "num": null }, "TABREF1": { "content": "
Lookup)(Table Look-Up based
Histogram Equalization, THEQ)
2.2(Quantile-based Histogram equalization, QHEQ)
(Nonparametric)
[19][20]
", "type_str": "table", "html": null, "text": "", "num": null } } } }