{ "paper_id": "O12-1002", "header": { "generated_with": "S2ORC 1.0.0", "date_generated": "2023-01-19T08:02:49.030300Z" }, "title": "A Voice Conversion Method Mapping Segmented Frames with Linear Multivariate Regression", "authors": [ { "first": "Hung-Yan", "middle": [], "last": "Gu", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "National Taiwan University of Science and Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" }, { "first": "Jia-Wei", "middle": [], "last": "Chang", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "National Taiwan University of Science and Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" }, { "first": "Zan-Wei", "middle": [], "last": "Wang", "suffix": "", "affiliation": { "laboratory": "", "institution": "National Taiwan University of Science and Technology", "location": {} }, "email": "" } ], "year": "", "venue": null, "identifiers": {}, "abstract": "", "pdf_parse": { "paper_id": "O12-1002", "_pdf_hash": "", "abstract": [], "body_text": [ { "text": "(voice conversion) (source speaker) (target speaker) : (VQ) (mapping) [1] (formant) [2, 3 ] (Gaussian mixture model, GMM) [4, 5] (artificial neural network, ANN) [6] (hidden Markov model, HMM) [7, 8] GMM Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Conference on Computational Linguistics and Speech Processing (ROCLING 2012) GMM [4] (spectral envelope) ( cepstrum coefficients, DCC) [11, 12] c 0 , c 1 , c 2 , \u2026, c 40 41 c 1 , c 2 , \u2026, c 40 DCC DCC [11, 12] (harmonic plus noise model, HNM) [12, 13] ", "cite_spans": [ { "start": 70, "end": 73, "text": "[1]", "ref_id": "BIBREF0" }, { "start": 84, "end": 87, "text": "[2,", "ref_id": "BIBREF1" }, { "start": 88, "end": 89, "text": "3", "ref_id": null }, { "start": 122, "end": 125, "text": "[4,", "ref_id": "BIBREF2" }, { "start": 126, "end": 128, "text": "5]", "ref_id": "BIBREF3" }, { "start": 162, "end": 165, "text": "[6]", "ref_id": "BIBREF4" }, { "start": 193, "end": 196, "text": "[7,", "ref_id": "BIBREF5" }, { "start": 197, "end": 199, "text": "8]", "ref_id": "BIBREF6" }, { "start": 318, "end": 321, "text": "[4]", "ref_id": "BIBREF2" }, { "start": 342, "end": 343, "text": "(", "ref_id": null }, { "start": 372, "end": 376, "text": "[11,", "ref_id": "BIBREF9" }, { "start": 377, "end": 380, "text": "12]", "ref_id": "BIBREF10" }, { "start": 438, "end": 442, "text": "[11,", "ref_id": "BIBREF9" }, { "start": 443, "end": 446, "text": "12]", "ref_id": "BIBREF10" }, { "start": 480, "end": 484, "text": "[12,", "ref_id": "BIBREF10" }, { "start": 485, "end": 488, "text": "13]", "ref_id": "BIBREF11" } ], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "[12, 13] LMR DCC (DTW) ( ) ( ) N : S 1 , S 2 , , S N N : T 1 , T 2 , , T N d\u00d71 DCC T k DTW DCC S k S = [S 1 , S 2 , , S N ] T = [T 1 , T 2 , , T N ] S T d\u00d7N d\u00d7d LMR M M S = T . (1) N d M E d\u00d7N E = M S T . (2) M E E d\u00d7N M d\u00d7d LMS \u03b5 : t t = ( )( ) , t: transpose. E E M S T M S T \u03b5 \u22c5 = \u22c5 \u2212 \u22c5 \u2212 (3) \u03b5 (trace) 1,1 2,2 , tr( ) ... d d \u03b5 \u03b5 \u03b5 \u03b5 = + + + M 0 [11, 12] ( ) t tr( ) 2( ) 0 , M S T S M \u03b5 \u2202 = \u22c5 \u2212 \u22c5 = \u2202 (4) ( ) tr( ) / M \u03b5 \u2202 \u2202 ( ) , tr( ) / i j M \u03b5 \u2202 \u2202 j=1, 2, \u2026, d i=1, 2, \u2026, d M i j , i j M tr( ) \u03b5 (4) M t t = , M S S T S \u22c5 \u22c5 \u22c5 (5) t t 1 ( ) . M T S S S \u2212 = \u22c5 \u22c5 \u22c5 (6) (6) LMS M (a)", "eq_num": "(1)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "(b) (c) (a) (b) (6) S 1 , S 2 , , S N S m S k S m S k T 1 , T 2 , , T N T m S m T m x y y=mx x y y=mx (a) y = m \u2022 x (b) y = m \u2022 x x y y=mx+c (c) y = m \u2022 x + c (a) (c) (1) M S T 1, 1 2, 1 , 1 1 2 1, 1, 1 : 1 2 1, 1, 1 0, 0, ..., 0, 1 ... , ... , ... , ... d d d d M N M M N S S S T T T S T M M + + + \u00aa \u00ba \u00aa \u00ba = \u00ab \u00bb \u00ab \u00bb \u00ac \u00bc \u00ab \u00bb \u00ab \u00bb = \u00ab \u00bb \u00aa \u00ba \u00ab \u00bb = \u00ab \u00bb \u00ab \u00bb \u00ac \u00bc \u00ac \u00bc (7) M (d+1)\u00d7(d+1) M M (d+1) (d+1) (7) S (d+1) 1 S (d+1)\u00d7N T T M S T (6) M M (1) -- M_1 M_2 F_1 F_2 375 ( 2,926 ) 22,050Hz (a)M_1 M_2 (b)M_1 F_1 (c)F_1 M_1 (d)F_1", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "DTW (S k , T w(k) ) k=1, 2, , K n K n n LMR (1) S T (6) LMR M (7) S T S T", "eq_num": "(6)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "EQUATION", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [ { "start": 0, "end": 8, "text": "EQUATION", "ref_id": "EQREF", "raw_str": "R = R 1 , R 2 , , R N DCC T = T 1 , T 2 , , T N R DCC , 1 1 ( , ) , avg k k N k N D d i s tR T \u2264 \u2264 = \u00a6", "eq_num": "(9)" } ], "section": "", "sec_num": null }, { "text": "Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Conference on Computational Linguistics and Speech Processing(ROCLING 2012)", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [], "eq_spans": [], "section": "", "sec_num": null } ], "back_matter": [ { "text": " A B A B B A Y1 Z1 A B X2 Y2 A B Y2 Z2 A B 15 2 ", "cite_spans": [], "ref_spans": [ { "start": 1, "end": 62, "text": "A B A B B A Y1 Z1 A B X2 Y2 A B Y2 Z2 A B 15 2", "ref_id": null } ], "eq_spans": [], "section": "X1 Y1", "sec_num": "6" } ], "bib_entries": { "BIBREF0": { "ref_id": "b0", "title": "Voice Conversion through Vector Quantization", "authors": [ { "first": "M", "middle": [], "last": "Abe", "suffix": "" }, { "first": "S", "middle": [], "last": "Nakamura", "suffix": "" }, { "first": "K", "middle": [], "last": "Shikano", "suffix": "" }, { "first": "H", "middle": [], "last": "Kuwabara", "suffix": "" } ], "year": 1988, "venue": "Int. 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Proceedings of the Twenty-Fourth Conference on Computational Linguistics and Speech Processing (ROCLING 2012)
LMR [3](LMR_F)\"LMR_F
\"LMR_F(ROCLING 2009)319-332
7.1%(GMM ) 20094.5%(GMM )
1.5%0.7%LMR
LMR
LMR_BLMR_FLMR_FC
M_1=> M_20.48900.47940.4475
M_1=> F_10.47820.47050.4451
(9) dist( ) (LMR_B) LMR_FC 0.5038 0.5 GMM (Segmental GMM) [5] 1.6% 1.7%) 5.7% 2.1% (LMR_FC) (LMR_F) ( 0.4672 LMR_B GMM DCC GMM GMM 8 GMM GMM GMM VQ 0.5382 LMR LMR 0.4956 0.5493 0.4672 0.5 LMR_B [4] 128 F_1 => M_1 0.4967 0.4881 0.4612 F_1 => F_2 0.5514 0.5443 0.5149 0.5038 0.4956 0.4672 M_1=> M_2 0.5467 0.5331 0.5398 M_1=> F_1 0.5174 0.5106 0.5188 F_1 => M_1 0.5388 0.5307 0.5413 F_1 => F_2 0.5867 0.5782 0.5973 0.5474 0.5382 0.5493 GMM GMM (128 mix.) Segmental GMM (8 mix.) M_1=> M_2 0.5058 0.5096 M_1=> F_1 0.5012 0.4910 F_1 => M_1 0.5412 0.5095 F_1 => F_2 0.5853 0.5673 0.5334 0.5194 M_1=> M_2 0.5346 0.5403 M_1=> F_1 0.5147 0.5146 F_1 => M_1 0.5551 0.5361 F_1 => F_2 0.5806 0.5766 0.5463 0.5419 5.2 6 X1 X2 Y1 Y2 Z1 Z2 X1 X2 GMM [4] Y1 Y2 LMR_F Z1 Z2 LMR_FC X1 Y1 Z1 1 M_1 M_2 X2 Y2 Z2 2 M_1 F_1 6 /jie-3 jyei-2 fang-1 an-4/(\" \") (LMR) LMR DCC LMR_F GMM GMM 7.1% GMM 1.5% LMR_F GMM LMR_F GMM LMR_FC LMR_FC LMR_FC LMR_FC LMR_F LMR_F : http:(b) LMR_FC LMR_FC
GMM
" } } } }