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1
00:00:21,190 --> 00:00:26,950
ุจุณู… ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฑุญู…ู† ุงู„ุฑุญูŠู… ุงู„ู…ุฑุฉ ุงู„ู…ุงุถูŠุฉ ุจุฏุฃู†ุง ุจุนู†ูˆุงู†

2
00:00:26,950 --> 00:00:32,630
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุนุถ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ ูˆุงุฎุฏู†ุง ุฃูˆู„ ู†ูˆุน ู…ู† 

3
00:00:32,630 --> 00:00:37,410
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ linear function ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ 

4
00:00:37,410 --> 00:00:42,430
ุงู„ุฎุทูŠุฉ ูˆุดูˆูู†ุง ุฃู† ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ ู‡ูˆ ุฎุท ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู… ูˆุดูู†ุง 

5
00:00:42,430 --> 00:00:47,140
ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ุซู„ ู…ูˆุงุฒูŠุฉ ู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ 

6
00:00:47,140 --> 00:00:53,380
X ุฃูˆ ุนู…ูˆุฏูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ุฃูˆ ู…ุงุฆู„ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ุฃูˆ 

7
00:00:53,380 --> 00:00:58,180
ุงู„ุฎุทูˆุท ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุชู…ุฑ ุจู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุฃูˆ ู„ุง ุชู…ุฑ ุจู†ู‚ุทุฉ 

8
00:00:58,180 --> 00:01:03,410
ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ูˆุงุฎุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุงุช ุงู„ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู„ู‡ุง. ู†ุฌูŠ 

9
00:01:03,410 --> 00:01:07,010
ู„ู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ the power functions ุฏูˆุงู„

10
00:01:07,010 --> 00:01:13,530
ุงู„ู‚ูˆุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑููˆุนุฉ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุฃุณ ู…ุนูŠู†. ุจู†ุนุทูŠู‡ุง 

11
00:01:13,530 --> 00:01:18,790
ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ูƒุชุงู„ูŠ: the function f of x ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ x to the 

12
00:01:18,790 --> 00:01:23,750
power a where ุงู„ู€ a is constant ุญูŠุซ ุงู„ู€ a ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ุซุงุจุช

13
00:01:23,750 --> 00:01:26,670
is called a power function.

14
00:01:29,820 --> 00:01:35,920
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ู…ุชุบูŠุฑ ูˆุงู„ุฃุณ ุซุงุจุช. ุฌุงู„ูŠ

15
00:01:35,920 --> 00:01:41,080
ุงู„ู€ a is constant ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ู€ a ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ุญุทูŠุชุด ู‚ูŠูˆุฏ ุนู„ูŠู‡

16
00:01:41,080 --> 00:01:46,450
ุฅู„ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ุซุงุจุช. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุฏุงู… ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ุซุงุจุช ูŠุนู†ูŠ real 

17
00:01:46,450 --> 00:01:53,770
number ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตูุฑ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌุจ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุงู„ุจ ู‚ุฏ 

18
00:01:53,770 --> 00:01:59,650
ูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒุณุฑูŠ. ุทุจุนุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุตูุฑ ู„ุฃุตุจุญ X ูˆ Zero ุจูˆุงุญุฏุฉ

19
00:01:59,650 --> 00:02:04,750
ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฒูŠ ู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุนู†ู‡ 

20
00:02:04,750 --> 00:02:08,250
ู…ุณุงูุฉ ู…ู‚ุฏุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ. ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ูˆู‡ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ linear 

21
00:02:08,250 --> 00:02:12,070
function ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ a ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุณุชุจุนุฏ ุงู„ุตูุฑ. ุจุฏู†ุง 

22
00:02:12,070 --> 00:02:19,890
ู†ุงุฎุฏ positive negative ุจุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃูˆ ูƒุณุฑูŠ ูˆู†ุดูˆู

23
00:02:19,890 --> 00:02:23,890
ุงู„ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ. ู…ุซู„ุง ู„ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุฃู…ุซู„ุฉ

24
00:02:23,890 --> 00:02:29,570
ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ a ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ. ูู…ุซู„ุง 

25
00:02:29,570 --> 00:02:36,370
ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุช ุฃุฎุฏุช ุงู„ู€ F of X ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ A ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง 

26
00:02:36,370 --> 00:02:42,250
ู‚ุฏุงุด ุจุชูƒูˆู†ุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุตุญูŠุญ. ุทุจุนุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ู‚ุจู„ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆู‚ู„ู†ุง 

27
00:02:42,250 --> 00:02:48,910
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero

28
00:02:50,280 --> 00:02:55,600
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠู…ุซู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู…

29
00:02:55,600 --> 00:03:00,960
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุจุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚. ูˆู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุฉ Y 

30
00:03:00,960 --> 00:03:05,120
ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฌุฏ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

31
00:03:05,120 --> 00:03:09,980
ู‡ุฐู‡. ูˆูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ู… ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุฃุฑุจุนูŠู† ุฏุฑุฌุฉ. ูˆุณู…ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ููŠ

32
00:03:09,980 --> 00:03:13,960
ุญุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู€ linear functions ุงู„ู€ identity function ุงู„ู„ูŠ

33
00:03:13,960 --> 00:03:19,410
ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ. ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† A ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ. ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ู€

34
00:03:19,410 --> 00:03:26,770
F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ู…ุซู„ุง X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ูˆุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ

35
00:03:26,770 --> 00:03:31,910
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

36
00:03:31,910 --> 00:03:36,170
Zero ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ problem ุงู„ู…ุดู‡ูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุฑูุน ุทูˆู„ 

37
00:03:36,170 --> 00:03:41,050
ุฏุฑุงุณุชู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุทุน ุงู„ู…ูƒุงูุฆ

38
00:03:41,050 --> 00:03:45,730
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X 

39
00:03:45,730 --> 00:03:51,190
ุชุฑุจูŠุน ูˆุงู„ู€ A ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ูƒู…ุŸ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงุซู†ูŠู†. ุทูŠุจ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง

40
00:03:51,190 --> 00:03:57,190
ู‚ู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ F of X ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X ุชูƒุนูŠุจ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ A ุนู†ุฏูŠ

41
00:03:57,190 --> 00:04:02,990
ู‡ู†ุง ูƒู…ุŸ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ. ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ุฑุณู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุณู…ู†ุงู‡ุง ูƒุซูŠุฑุง ููŠ

42
00:04:02,990 --> 00:04:09,810
ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉ ูˆูƒุงู† ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ. ู†ุฐูƒุฑ

43
00:04:09,810 --> 00:04:17,380
ุจู‡ุง ุชุฐูƒูŠุฑ ู„ูŠุณ ุฅู„ุง. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุณู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ู†ุญู†ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

44
00:04:17,380 --> 00:04:24,580
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X ุชูƒุนูŠุจ. ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero

45
00:04:24,580 --> 00:04:30,120
ูˆุงู„ู€ A ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ. ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ A ุชุณุงูˆูŠ

46
00:04:30,120 --> 00:04:36,320
ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X ุฃุณ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ.

47
00:04:36,320 --> 00:04:42,120
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ A ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ. ู„ูˆ ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡

48
00:04:42,120 --> 00:04:48,820
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงูˆุฑ. ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

49
00:04:48,820 --> 00:04:56,340
ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero. ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ุชุดุจู‡ X ุชุฑุจูŠุนู‡ุง ู„ูƒู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ

50
00:04:56,340 --> 00:05:03,520
ุงู„ููˆุงุฑู‚ ุงู„ุจุณูŠุทุฉ ูƒุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุงูŠ ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ุจุชุฌูŠู†ูŠ ู‡ูŠูƒ

51
00:05:06,950 --> 00:05:11,150
ุจุชุฌูŠ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุณู…ุฉ Y F of X

52
00:05:11,150 --> 00:05:17,870
ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X ุฃุณ 4 ุฃูˆ Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X ุฃุณ 4. ุจู†ุฌูŠ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช F of X

53
00:05:17,870 --> 00:05:25,470
ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X ุฃุณ 5 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ A ุชุณุงูˆูŠ 5. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ุชุดุจู‡ 

54
00:05:25,470 --> 00:05:32,030
ู„ู€ F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X ุชูƒุนูŠุจ ู…ุน ุงู„ูุงุฑู‚. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุญุงูˆุฑ. ู‡ุฐุง 

55
00:05:32,030 --> 00:05:39,950
ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 

56
00:05:39,950 --> 00:05:44,290
ุงู„ู…ู†ุญู†ู‰ ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง 

57
00:05:44,290 --> 00:05:47,090
ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู‡ูŠูƒ.

58
00:05:53,820 --> 00:05:59,740
ู„ุง ู…ุด ู†ูุณู‡ุงุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุง ุฏูˆุจ ุชู‚ุงุทุน ุชู‚ุงุทุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ุง 

59
00:05:59,740 --> 00:06:05,160
ุชู…ุณุญ ูˆุฑูƒุฒ ูˆู„ุง ุชุดุจูŠู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชูุชุญ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„

60
00:06:05,160 --> 00:06:10,000
zeroุŒ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง ุฃูุชุญ ุดูˆูŠุฉ. ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฃุณุณ 

61
00:06:10,000 --> 00:06:16,820
ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ. ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฃุณุณ ุณุงู„ุจุฉ ุฒูŠ ุงูŠุด ู…ุซู„ุงุŸ ุฒูŠ f of x

62
00:06:16,820 --> 00:06:22,640
ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ x ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงุดุŸ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ x ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„

63
00:06:22,640 --> 00:06:27,680
a ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู‚ุฏุงุดุŸ ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ. ู„ูˆ ุฑูˆุญู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ 

64
00:06:27,680 --> 00:06:33,520
ูุจุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ x ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ y ู‡ุฐุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„

65
00:06:33,520 --> 00:06:35,100
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ zero.

66
00:06:41,950 --> 00:06:46,990
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ู‚ุท. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ zero 

67
00:06:46,990 --> 00:06:51,830
ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู‚ูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ 

68
00:06:51,830 --> 00:06:57,250
ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุดู…ุงู„ ุงู„ู€ zero ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ู‚ูŠู… ุณุงู„ุจุฉ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ 

69
00:06:57,250 --> 00:07:03,910
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ

70
00:07:03,910 --> 00:07:10,450
ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ X ูˆุงู„ู€ X ุงู„ุฃุณ ุชุจุนู‡ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ. ู„ูˆ 

71
00:07:10,450 --> 00:07:16,270
ุฌูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุณ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุณุงู„ุจ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X

72
00:07:16,270 --> 00:07:23,350
ุฃุณ ุณุงู„ุจ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ X

73
00:07:23,350 --> 00:07:30,540
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero. ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ 

74
00:07:30,540 --> 00:07:36,320
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃู† ุชุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุตูุฑ ุฃุจุฏุงุŸ ู‡ู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† 

75
00:07:36,320 --> 00:07:42,050
ุฃู† ุชุฃุฎุฐ ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุฉุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดุฌุฑุชูŠู† ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ

76
00:07:42,050 --> 00:07:45,690
ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู† ุนู„ู‰ ูŠู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ zero ูˆู„ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุดู…ุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ zero

77
00:07:45,690 --> 00:07:51,290
ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ู†ุญู†ู‰ ุจูŠุฌูŠู„ูƒ ูƒุฏู‡ ุฃูˆ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง

78
00:07:51,290 --> 00:07:56,770
ุจูŠุฌูŠ ุฌูˆุณ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ. ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ data is undefined

79
00:07:56,770 --> 00:08:01,150
ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ zero ู„ุงุญุธ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู€ data ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ domain 

80
00:08:01,150 --> 00:08:07,030
ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ range ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ real line ู…ุนู‡ุง ุฏู‡ ุฒูŠุฑูˆ. ู‡ู†ุง 

81
00:08:07,030 --> 00:08:14,850
ุงู„ู€ domain ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ real line ู…ุง ุนุฏุง ุฒูŠุฑูˆ ุงู„ู€ range ู…ู† 

82
00:08:14,850 --> 00:08:20,310
zero ู„ู€ infinity as an open interval. ุชู…ุงู…. ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐุง 

83
00:08:20,310 --> 00:08:25,730
ุฑุณู…ุชู†ุง ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฃุณุณ ุณุงู„ุจุฉ. ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ุฃุณุณ ูƒุณุฑูŠุฉ

84
00:08:25,730 --> 00:08:32,170
ูุงู„ุฑุณู… ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ. ุงูุชุฑุถ ุฃู† f of x ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุฌุฐุฑ 

85
00:08:32,170 --> 00:08:37,970
ุงู„ู€ X ูŠุนู†ูŠ X ุฃุณ ู‚ุฏุงุดุŸ ุฃุณ ู†ุต. ู„ูˆ ุญุจูŠู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ 

86
00:08:37,970 --> 00:08:42,570
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุตูŠุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ. ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ X 

87
00:08:42,570 --> 00:08:50,310
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุฌูˆุณ 

88
00:08:50,310 --> 00:08:56,890
ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุฑุณู…ุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ Y

89
00:08:56,890 --> 00:09:03,330
ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ู€ X ุงู„ู€ domain ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ range ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ

90
00:09:03,330 --> 00:09:08,110
ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ zero ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ infinity ุทุจุนุง ู…ุบู„ู‚ุฉ ู…ู† 

91
00:09:08,110 --> 00:09:16,790
ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ zero. ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู„ู„ู€ Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X ุฃุณ ุซู„ุซ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ

92
00:09:16,790 --> 00:09:22,810
ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ู€ X ูˆุญุจู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูุจุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ 

93
00:09:22,810 --> 00:09:30,110
X ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero. ุจุฏู†ุง 

94
00:09:30,110 --> 00:09:34,990
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ู‡ูŠุฌูŠูƒ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ุฃู† ู…ู†ุญู†ู‰

95
00:09:34,990 --> 00:09:38,410
ู‡ูŠุฌูŠูƒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆูŠุฌูŠ ู…ู† ู†ุงุญูŠุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ. 

96
00:09:42,100 --> 00:09:50,540
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง Y ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ู€ X ุฃูˆ X ุฃุณ ุซู„ุซ. ุจุนุฏ 

97
00:09:50,540 --> 00:09:59,540
ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X ุฃุณ ุซู„ุชูŠู† 

98
00:09:59,540 --> 00:10:08,670
ู…ุซู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ู„ู€ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน. ุทุจุนุง

99
00:10:08,670 --> 00:10:14,590
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูˆุฃุจุฏุง ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู„ู„ู€ X ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ 

100
00:10:14,590 --> 00:10:20,930
ูˆุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ ูˆุงู„ุตูุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ domain ูƒู„ู‡ ุงู„ู€ real line

101
00:10:20,930 --> 00:10:25,890
ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ range ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุฉ. ุทุจ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ 

102
00:10:25,890 --> 00:10:32,750
ุงู„ุตูุฑุŸ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุตูุฑ. ู„ูˆ ุฑูˆุญุช ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ู‡ุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ.

103
00:10:32,750 --> 00:10:39,720
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐุง ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero

104
00:10:39,720 --> 00:10:45,460
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญูŠุฌูŠูƒ ุฌุฒุก ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ู†ุญู†ู‰ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ูˆุงู„ุฌุฒุก ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ 

105
00:10:45,460 --> 00:10:51,700
ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ X ุฃุณ ุซู„ุชูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ 

106
00:10:51,700 --> 00:10:58,940
ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู„ู€ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน. ุจู‚ูŠุช ุฃู† ุฃุฎุฑ ุฑุณู…ุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุจุฏู„

107
00:10:58,940 --> 00:11:05,720
X ุฃุณ ุซู„ุชูŠู† X ุฃุณ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงุซู†ูŠู†. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ 

108
00:11:05,720 --> 00:11:11,680
ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ X ุชูƒุนูŠุจุŒ ู„ูˆ ุฑูˆุญู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง ุงู„ู…ู†ุญู†ู‰

109
00:11:11,680 --> 00:11:18,280
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ XุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ YุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃุตู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

110
00:11:18,280 --> 00:11:25,260
ู‡ูŠ Zero. ุทุจุนุง ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ู…ุนุฑู ู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ. ุฅุฐุง 

111
00:11:25,260 --> 00:11:29,080
ุงู„ู€ domain ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ู† where ู„ู€ where ู…ู† Zero ู„ู€

112
00:11:29,080 --> 00:11:34,020
infinity ูˆ ุงู„ู€ range ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ู…ู† Zero ู„ู€ infinity. ูŠุจู‚ู‰

113
00:11:34,020 --> 00:11:39,400
ุงู„ู…ู†ุญู†ู‰ ู‡ูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูƒ ุจู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒ ู‡ู†ุง. ูŠุจู‚ู‰

114
00:11:39,400 --> 00:11:43,880
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ x ุฃุณ 3 ุนู„ู‰ 2 ุงู„ู€ domain ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ range

115
00:11:49,790 --> 00:11:55,870
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู…ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุณุชุชูƒุฑุฑ 

116
00:11:55,870 --> 00:12:01,690
ู…ุนูƒ ูƒุซูŠุฑุง ุฌุฏุง ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฏุฑุงุณุชู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ููŠ Calculus A ูŠุจู‚ู‰

117
00:12:01,690 --> 00:12:06,730
ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ู…ู†ูƒ ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู„ู…ุง ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู…ุงุช.

118
00:12:10,620 --> 00:12:15,720
ุทูŠุจ ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ุขู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„

119
00:12:15,720 --> 00:12:21,920
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู†ุชู‡ูŠู†ุง ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ linear functions ูˆู…ู† ุงู„ู€ power 

120
00:12:21,920 --> 00:12:30,400
functions ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู„ู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„

121
00:12:30,400 --> 00:12:36,400
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ูƒุซูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ 

122
00:12:36,400 --> 00:12:37,800
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ polynomial

123
00:12:40,400 --> 00:12:46,260
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ polynomials 

124
00:12:46,260 --> 00:12:54,620
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูƒุซูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ. ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ุง ุชุนุฑูŠู definition a 

125
00:12:54,620 --> 00:13:05,480
polynomial ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ is a function ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ

126
00:13:05,480 --> 00:13:15,910
ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุงู„ู€ in the form ููŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ P of X

127
00:13:15,910 --> 00:13:18,250
ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ AN

128
00:13:36,450 --> 00:13:41,290
ู„ุญุธุฉ ุงู„ุฃุณ ูŠุชุฏุฑุฌ ู…ู† ุฃุนู„ู‰ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุณูู„.

129
00:13:44,390 --> 00:13:51,690
ููŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ N ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุจุฏุฃ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุนุฏุฏ ุตุญูŠุญ ุบูŠุฑ 

130
00:13:51,690 --> 00:13:57,690
ุณุงู„ุจ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌุจ ูˆู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตูุฑ. ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ุง

131
00:13:57,690 --> 00:14:02,130
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุงู„ุจ. ุงู„ู€ A N ูˆุงู„ู€ A N minus one ูˆุงู„ู€ A

132
00:14:02,130 --> 00:14:06,530
two ูˆุงู„ู€ A one ูˆุงู„ู€ A node ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ A ู‡ูŠู‡ุงุช ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุซูˆุงุจุช a

133
00:14:06,530 --> 00:14:10,750
reconnaissance ุฃูˆ a real number. ู†ูƒุชุจ ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…

134
00:14:12,740 --> 00:14:25,560
ุญูŠุซ ุงู„ู€ N is a non negative 

135
00:14:25,560 --> 00:14:29,760
integer ุนุฏุฏ 

136
00:14:29,760 --> 00:14:32,120
ุตุญูŠุญ ุบูŠุฑ ุณุงู„ุจ.

137
00:14:38,340 --> 00:14:46,560
numbers ูˆุงู„ุฃุฑู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ a n ูˆ a n minus ุงู„ู€ one ูˆู†ุธู„

138
00:14:46,560 --> 00:14:54,340
ู…ุงุดูŠูŠู† ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ู†ูˆุตู„ ู„ู„ู€ a two a one a naught ู‡ุฏูˆู„

139
00:14:54,340 --> 00:15:02,860
ูƒู„ู‡ู… are real are real numbers. 

140
00:15:05,780 --> 00:15:14,120
ุฃุนุฏุงุฏ ุญู‚ูŠู‚ูŠุฉ. ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ุง called the coefficients 

141
00:15:14,120 --> 00:15:21,300
ุงู„ู…ุนุงู…ู„ุงุช

142
00:15:21,300 --> 00:15:30,220
of the polynomial ู…ุนุงู…ู„ุงุช

143
00:15:30,220 --> 00:15:33,900
ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ and 

144
00:15:37,730 --> 00:15:49,330
ุงู„ู€ N is called the degree of 

145
00:15:49,330 --> 00:15:52,850
the polynomial.

146
00:16:25,360 --> 00:16:30,900
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ู†

147
00:16:30,900 --> 00:16:35,900
ูƒุซูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ. ู„ู…ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ูƒุซูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ

148
00:16:35,900 --> 00:16:40,580
ู…ุฌู…ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ ูˆุฌู…ุนู†ุงู‡ู… ุฌู…ุน. ุทุจ ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ููŠ

149
00:16:40,580 --> 00:16:45,120
ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ู‚ูŠูˆุฏุŸ ุฃู‡ุŒ ููŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ู‚ูŠูˆุฏ. ุชุนุงู„ู‰ ู†ุดูˆู ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ

150
00:16:45,120 --> 00:16:49,760
ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฏุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ. ุจุฏูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฑู…ุฒ

151
00:16:49,760 --> 00:16:54,980
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ P of X ุงู„ุญุฑู ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ู…ู† ูƒู„ู…ุฉ polynomial ูˆู‡ูˆ

152
00:16:54,980 --> 00:16:59,670
function ูู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง P of X ู‡ูŠ constant ููŠ ุงู„ู€ X to the 

153
00:16:59,670 --> 00:17:03,430
power N constant ุชุงู†ูŠ ููŠ X to the power N minus 

154
00:17:03,430 --> 00:17:07,410
one constant ุซุงู„ุซ ููŠ X to the power N minus two ูˆ

155
00:17:07,410 --> 00:17:12,150
ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุงู„ุฃุณ ุจูŠุจูŠู†ุฒู„ N ุงู„ู†ุงู‚ุต ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู†ุงู‚ุต ุงุซู†ูŠู†

156
00:17:12,150 --> 00:17:16,910
ุงู„ู†ุงู‚ุต ุซู„ุงุซุฉ and so on ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ู†ุตู„ ุฅู„ู‰ A2 X ุชุฑุจูŠุน

157
00:17:16,910 --> 00:17:25,690
A1 X ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู€ A0. ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… N ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตูุฑุง ูˆู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนุฏุฏุง

158
00:17:25,690 --> 00:17:32,150
ู…ูˆุฌุจุง ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒุณุฑูŠุง ูˆู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุงู„ุจุง.

159
00:17:32,150 --> 00:17:37,090
ูˆู„ู…ุง ู‚ู„ุช N is a non negative integer ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนุฏุฏ 

160
00:17:37,090 --> 00:17:42,770
ุตุญูŠุญ ูˆุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญ ุบูŠุฑ ุณุงู„ุจ ุฅุฐุง ู„ู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅู„ุง zero ุฃูˆ 

161
00:17:42,770 --> 00:17:48,320
ุนุฏุฏ ุตุญูŠุญ ู…ูˆุฌุจ. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰. ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุฃุฑู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ 

162
00:17:48,320 --> 00:17:53,400
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ a ู‡ุงุช ู‡ุฐูˆู„ a0 ูˆ a1 ูˆ a2 ูˆ a3 ูˆ a4 ูˆ aN

163
00:17:53,400 --> 00:17:58,200
minus 1 ูˆ aN ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุซูˆุงุจุช ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ู…ุนุงู…ู„ุงุช ุงู„ู€ 

164
00:17:58,200 --> 00:18:02,800
polynomial ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ู… the coefficients 

165
00:18:02,800 --> 00:18:09,240
ุงู„ู…ุนุงู…ู„ุงุช ู„ูƒุซูŠุฑุงุช ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ. ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ N ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ู‚ูˆุฉ 

166
00:18:09,240 --> 00:18:14,520
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุจุณู…ูŠู‡ุง ุจุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ู€ polynomial ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 

167
00:18:14,520 --> 00:18:20,240
ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญุฏูˆุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ N-ูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ 

168
00:18:20,240 --> 00:18:28,500
ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… N. ู†ุนุทูŠ ุดุบู„ุฉ ุชูˆุถูŠุญูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ for example

169
00:18:28,500 --> 00:18:32,500
ูƒู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ 

170
00:18:36,520 --> 00:18:42,580
ูู…ุซุงู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุช ู‚ู„ุช ุงุซู†ูŠู† X ุฃุณ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ 

171
00:18:42,580 --> 00:18:51,560
ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุนุดุฑุฉ X ู†ุงู‚ุต ูˆุงุญุฏ

172
00:18:53,020 --> 00:18:57,660

201
00:21:39,360 --> 00:21:44,820
ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู†ุณุจูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุชุฑุฌู…ุงุช ุงู„ุนุฑุจูŠุฉ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„

202
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ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑูŠุฉ ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู†ุณุจูŠุฉ ุจูู‡ูŽู…ู‡ู†ู‘

203
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ุงู„ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุถูŠ ูุจุฃุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ the rational function

204
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is 

205
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an expression ู‡ูŠ ุตูŠุบุฉ in the form ููŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ

206
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ุงู„ู€ F of X ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ P of X ู…ู‚ุณูˆู…ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Q of X

207
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where ุญูŠุซ ุงู„ู€ P of X and ุงู„ู€ Q of X are polynomials

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Polynomials P of

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X ุนู„ู‰ Q of X ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ domain ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ polynomial

210
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ู‡ูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ real number ู…ุงุนุฏุง ุงู„ุฃุฑู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ 

211
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ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ุจุฃุตูุงุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ the set of all element x such

212
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that q of x does not equal to zero for example ู„ูˆ

213
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ุจุฏูŠ domain

214
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ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ X ุฃูุณ ุฃุฑุจุน ุซู„ุงุซุฉ X ุชูƒุนูŠุจ ุฒุงุฆุฏ X ู†ุงู‚ุต ุณุชุงุดุฑ

215
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ูƒู„ู‡ ู…ู‚ุณูˆู…ู‹ุง ุนู„ู‰ X ููŠ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ู…ุด ุจู†ูุน ู‡ุฐู‡

216
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polynomial ูˆู„ุง ู„ุงุŸ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ X ูŠุจู‚ู‰

217
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polynomial ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ real

218
00:23:58,780 --> 00:24:03,820
number ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุดูŠู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุงู„ุฃุฑู‚ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู…

219
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ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ zero ูˆู‡ูŠ ู†ุงู‚ุต ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆ Zero ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 

220
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Infinity ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุชุญุงุฏ ุณุงู„ุจ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆ Zero

221
00:24:15,930 --> 00:24:21,670
ุงุชุญุงุฏ Zero ูˆ Infinity ูƒู„ู‡ุง ูุชุฑุงุช ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง

222
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ุงู„ู€ domain ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุตูŠุบู‡ุง ุจุตูŠุงุบุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูˆุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู…ู†

223
00:24:26,510 --> 00:24:32,270
ุณุงู„ุจ Infinity ู„ุณุงู„ุจ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงุชุญุงุฏ ุณุงู„ุจ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆ Zero

224
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ุงุชุญุงุฏ Zero ูˆ Infinity ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุทูŠุจ

225
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ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุงู„ุขู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงู…ุณุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ algebraic

226
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function ุงู„ู€ algebraic functions ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ it

227
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is a function ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ it is a

228
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function ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุฏุงู„ุฉ that can be constructed

229
00:25:12,830 --> 00:25:22,190
ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชู†ุดุฃ ุฃูˆ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุชูƒูˆู† using ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…

230
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algebraic operations

231
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ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ addition subtraction

232
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ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

233
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ุงู„ุทุฑุญ multiplication ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุถุฑุจ multiplication

234
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division

235
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ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ taking roots

236
00:26:11,020 --> 00:26:16,300
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ

237
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ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ุฌุฐูˆุฑ for example the

238
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functions ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจูŠู†ุฌู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ

239
00:26:33,930 --> 00:26:39,330
ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„

240
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ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชู†ุดุฃ ุฃูˆ ุชุชูƒูˆู† can be constructed

241
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using algebraic operations ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุชู†ุดุฃ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ

242
00:26:50,750 --> 00:26:54,750
ู„ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฌู…ุน

243
00:26:54,750 --> 00:27:01,570
ูˆุงู„ุทุฑุญ ูˆุงู„ุถุฑุจ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ ูˆูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ุฌุฐูˆุฑ ูˆู†ุญูˆ ุฐู„ูƒ

244
00:27:01,570 --> 00:27:05,590
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู‚ูˆู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุฑูŠุงุถูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช

245
00:27:05,590 --> 00:27:12,570
ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ุฅูŠุด ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ function f of x ุจุฏู‡ุง

246
00:27:12,570 --> 00:27:18,970
ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ x ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุฒุงุฆุฏ 5 ูƒู…

247
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ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ุนู…ู„ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุชู„ุงุช ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุถุฑุจู†ุง ุงู„ู€ X ููŠ

248
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ู†ูุณู‡ุง ู„ู€ product ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ multiple ูƒุฏู‡ ูˆุตุงุฑุช X ุชุฑุจูŠุนุŒ

249
00:27:32,300 --> 00:27:36,940
ุนุถูู†ุง ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ุน ุนูŠุชูŠู† ุชุงู†ูŠุŒ

250
00:27:36,940 --> 00:27:42,020
ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชู„ุช ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุชุŒ

251
00:27:42,020 --> 00:27:50,160
ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠู†ุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ G of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ููŠ 

252
00:27:50,160 --> 00:27:59,520
ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุงู„ุช ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ู„ู„ู€ X ู†ุงู‚ุต ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฒุงุฆุฏ X ุนู„ู‰ X 

253
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ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูˆุนุดุฑูŠู† ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

254
00:28:07,060 --> 00:28:10,380
ุงู„ุญู…ุฏ ู„ู„ู‡ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฐูƒุฑู†ุงู‡ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ูŠู…ูƒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู…ุงู†

255
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algebraic

256
00:28:15,880 --> 00:28:20,020
ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู€ rational function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู€ algebraic

257
00:28:20,020 --> 00:28:25,160
functionุŸ ุงู„ู€ algebraic ู„ุฅู†ู‡ ุฌู…ุน ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง ู‚ุณู…ุฉุŒ

258
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ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ and ุงู„ู€ rational functions

259
00:28:32,940 --> 00:28:36,440
are algebraic function

260
00:28:42,040 --> 00:28:51,000
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุฏูˆุงู„ ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ู…ุงู„ู‡ุงุŸ

261
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ู…ุชุฃูƒุฏุŸ

262
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ุทุจ ูˆุฃู†ุง ุฒูŠูƒ ู‡ุงูŠุŒ

263
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ุจุฏูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ู‡ูŠูƒ ูˆุดูˆููˆู„ูŠ ุฅูŠุงู‡ุง ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ Any

264
00:29:05,520 --> 00:29:12,470
algebraic function is a rational function ุฎุทุฃ ุทุจ

265
00:29:12,470 --> 00:29:16,510
ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุนูƒุณ any rational function is an algebraic

266
00:29:16,510 --> 00:29:24,410
function ุตุญุŸ any real ุฃูˆ any linear function is an

267
00:29:24,410 --> 00:29:31,200
algebraic function ุฃูŠ ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ algebraic

268
00:29:31,200 --> 00:29:35,300
function ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฅูŠู‡ f of x ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X ุชุฑุจูŠุนุŸ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุถุฑุจ

269
00:29:35,300 --> 00:29:41,460
ุทูŠุจ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุณุฃู„ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูˆุดูˆููˆู„ูŠ ูƒู„ุงู…ูŠ ุตุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ

270
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any polynomial is a rational function

271
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ุฃูŠ ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ ุญุฏูˆุฏ is a rational function. ู„ุฃ ู…ุฏุงู… ู‡ูŠ

272
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ูƒุงู†ุช ููŠ ู‚ุถูŠุฉ ุฎู„ุงููŠุฉ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูู‚ู‡ุงุก ุจุฏู†ุง ุฌูˆุงุจ ู…ุญุฏุฏ

273
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ูˆู†ู†ุงู‚ุด ู„ูŠุด ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ูŠุง ุฃุฎูŠ ุงู„ุนุฑุจ.

274
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ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูƒู„ุงู…ู‡ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฃู†ุง ุฃูŠ polynomial ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

275
00:30:10,270 --> 00:30:14,710
ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู†ูุณูŠ ุงู„ู€ polynomial ู…ู‚ุณูˆู…ุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ

276
00:30:14,710 --> 00:30:18,810
ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ูˆ polynomial ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุงู„ุตูุฑูŠุฉ ูˆุฅู† ุงุดุชุฑุท

277
00:30:18,810 --> 00:30:21,510
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ rational function ุชุจู‚ู‰ polynomial ููŠ ุงู„ูˆุณุท ูˆ

278
00:30:21,510 --> 00:30:25,550
polynomial ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ุฅุฐุง ูƒู„ุงู…ู‡ ุตุญ ุญุท ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุธุจูˆุท

279
00:30:25,550 --> 00:30:29,810
ู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ any polynomial is a rational

280
00:30:29,810 --> 00:30:34,430
function ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ any polynomial is an algebraic

281
00:30:34,430 --> 00:30:38,580
function ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูˆู„ุง ู„ุงุŸ ุฅู†ู‡ุง rational function ูˆุฃู†ุง

282
00:30:38,580 --> 00:30:41,880
ุจู‚ูˆู„ any rational function is an algebraic

283
00:30:41,880 --> 00:30:45,000
function and so on ูˆู‡ุง ูƒุฏู‡ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ุงู„ูƒู„ู…ุฉ

284
00:30:45,000 --> 00:30:50,240
ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ู†ุฌูŠุจู‡ ุตุญ ุฃูˆ ุฎุทุฃ ุฃูˆ ุฎูŠุงุฑุงุช ู…ุชุนุฏุฏุฉ

285
00:30:50,240 --> 00:30:55,080
ูˆุชุฎุชุงุฑ ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ู…ู…ูƒู†

286
00:30:55,080 --> 00:30:59,290
ุฃุนุทูŠูƒ ุชู„ุช ุฅุฌุงุจุงุช ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ูˆูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ูˆูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ุทู„ุน

287
00:30:59,290 --> 00:31:03,210
ู„ู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ูˆู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ูˆุงู„ุนูƒุณ ู…ู…ูƒู†

288
00:31:03,210 --> 00:31:06,310
ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ ุฎุงุทุฆุฉ ูˆูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ูˆุทู„ุน ู„ู„ุฅุฌุงุจุฉ

289
00:31:06,310 --> 00:31:10,070
ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุฃุชูŠ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃูˆ ู‡ูƒุฐุง ุฃูˆ ุญุท

290
00:31:10,070 --> 00:31:14,250
ุตุญ ุฃูˆ ุฎุทุฃ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนุจุงุฑุงุช ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุถูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ุฏู‡ ู…ุงูƒู†ุชุด

291
00:31:14,250 --> 00:31:16,790
ูุงู‡ู… ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ู…ุนู†ุงุชู‡ ู…ุด ู‡ุชุนุฑู

292
00:31:16,790 --> 00:31:22,810
ุชุดุชุบู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฏุงู†ูŠ ุจูุชุญ ุฐู‡ู†ูƒ ุจุฃุณุฆู„ุฉ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„

293
00:31:22,810 --> 00:31:25,770
ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูƒุชูˆุจ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูˆุญุฉ ู…ุง ุฌุจุชุด ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูˆู„ุง

294
00:31:25,770 --> 00:31:29,170
ูƒู„ู…ุฉ ุฌุจุชุด ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุจุณ

295
00:31:29,170 --> 00:31:34,710
ุจุฑุจุทู‡ุง ู…ุน ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุจู…ูŠู† ุจุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ุทูŠุจ

296
00:31:34,710 --> 00:31:41,670
ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุณุงุฏุณุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฑู‚ู… ุณุชุฉ ู„ู„ู€

297
00:31:41,670 --> 00:31:45,210
Transcendental function ูŠุจู‚ู‰

298
00:31:57,350 --> 00:32:04,890
transcendental functions ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุณุงู…ูŠุฉ it is the

299
00:32:04,890 --> 00:32:14,170
functions ุงู„ุณุงู…ูŠุฉ it is the functions ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„

300
00:32:14,170 --> 00:32:22,090
that are not algebraic

301
00:32:27,180 --> 00:32:30,940
Trigonometric functions ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุงู‡ูŠู‘ุงุด ุฏูˆุงู„

302
00:32:30,940 --> 00:32:39,260
ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ as ุฒูŠ ุฅูŠุดุŸ  ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ Trigonometric

303
00:32:39,260 --> 00:32:44,820
functions Trigonometric

304
00:32:44,820 --> 00:32:52,020
functions ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ exponential

305
00:32:59,130 --> 00:33:08,550
f of x ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ a to the power x ูˆุงู„ู€ a greater than

306
00:33:08,550 --> 00:33:17,630
zero and a does not equal to one ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุงู„ู€ 

307
00:33:17,630 --> 00:33:18,950
logarithmic

308
00:33:23,400 --> 00:33:32,960
ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ูŠุฉ ุฒูŠ ุฅูŠุดุŸ ุฒูŠ ุงู„ู€ F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ

309
00:33:32,960 --> 00:33:43,740
ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… X ู„ู„ุฃุณุงุณ A ูˆุงู„ู€ A greater than zero and A

310
00:33:43,740 --> 00:33:46,400
does not equal to one

311
00:34:02,400 --> 00:34:03,020
ุญุณู†ุงู‹ุŸ

312
00:34:18,780 --> 00:34:24,020
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู‡ู†ุฑุณู… ูƒู„ ุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุณุงู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‘ู‡ุŒ

313
00:34:24,020 --> 00:34:30,500
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ููŠ ุบูŠุฑู‡ู… ูƒู…ุงู† ู‡ู†ุดุฑู‘ุญ ู„ู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ูˆู†ุฑุณู… ู‡ุฐู‡

314
00:34:30,500 --> 00:34:38,160
ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ู„ู„ู€ Transcendental function ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุณุงู…ูŠุฉ

315
00:34:46,460 --> 00:34:52,180
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุณุงู…ูŠุฉ ุนุฏุฉ ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ู†ู…ุฑุฉ

316
00:34:52,180 --> 00:34:56,940
ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู†ุด ุฏูˆุงู„ ุฌุจุฑูŠุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ูˆุงุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

317
00:34:56,940 --> 00:35:02,180
ุงู„ู€ trigonometric functions ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ุซูŠุฉ

318
00:35:02,180 --> 00:35:06,980
ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ุซูŠุฉ ูƒุงู… ูˆุงุญุฏุฉุŸ ุณุชุฉ ุงู„ุฌูŠุจุŒ ุฌูŠุจ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ

319
00:35:06,980 --> 00:35:12,720
ุธู„ ุชู…ุงู…ุŒ ู‚ุงุทุนุŒ ู‚ุงุทุน ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

320
00:35:12,720 --> 00:35:24,540
Sin ุงู„ู€ X ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุชู…ุงู… Cosine ุงู„ู€ XุŒ ุงู„ุธู„ ู‡ูŠ Tan ุงู„ู€ XุŒ

321
00:35:24,540 --> 00:35:33,180
ุธู„ ุงู„ุชู…ุงู… Cotan ุงู„ู€ XุŒ ู‚ุงุทุน ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ Sec ุงู„ู€ XุŒ

322
00:35:33,180 --> 00:35:40,600
ู‚ุงุทุน ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ Cosecant ุงู„ู€ XุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ุฉ

323
00:35:40,600 --> 00:35:46,700
ุงู„ู…ุซู„ุซูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณุชุฉ ู…ุฑุฉ ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ Sin X ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ X

324
00:35:46,700 --> 00:35:55,580
Cos X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฌูŠุจ ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ X Tan X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุธู„ X ุถุง

325
00:35:55,580 --> 00:36:04,940
X Cotan X ุธู„ ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ X Sec X ู‚ุง X ู‚ุงุทุนูŠ

326
00:36:04,940 --> 00:36:11,830
ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ Cosequent X ู‚ุงุทุน ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ุฒุงูˆูŠุฉ X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ 

327
00:36:11,830 --> 00:36:17,910
ุงู„ู†ุณุจ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ุซูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณุชุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุณุช ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ู‡ู†ุฑุณู…ู‡ู…

328
00:36:17,910 --> 00:36:23,070
ูˆู†ุงุฎุฐ ุงู„ู€ domain ูˆุงู„ู€ range ูˆุงู„ู…ุชุทุงุจู‚ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุซู„ุซูŠุฉ

329
00:36:23,070 --> 00:36:26,560
ุงู„ู…ุชุนู„ู‚ุฉ ุจู‡ู… ุจุณ ู…ุด ููŠ ุงู„ู€ section ุงู„ุฌุงูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€

330
00:36:26,560 --> 00:36:31,000
section ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ section ูˆุงุญุฏ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ู…ู†ูุฑุฏ ูƒู„ู‡

331
00:36:31,000 --> 00:36:34,340
ู„ู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ู…ุซู„ุซูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ูŠู† ุฅูŠู‡ ููŠ ู†ููˆู’ู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ domain

332
00:36:34,340 --> 00:36:37,520
ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ุงู„ู€ period ู„ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ู… ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน

333
00:36:37,520 --> 00:36:44,260
section ูˆุงุญุฏ ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ูˆุฑุณูˆู…ุงุชู‡ู… ูƒู…ุงู† ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡

334
00:36:44,260 --> 00:36:47,460
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุฅู„ูŠู‡ุง ุนูˆุฏุฉ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ููŠ section ูˆุงุญุฏ

335
00:36:47,460 --> 00:36:51,460
ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุทูŠุจ ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ exponential

336
00:36:51,460 --> 00:36:57,650
function ุทุจุนุงู‹ ููŠ ูุฑู‚ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ power function ูˆุจูŠู†

337
00:36:57,650 --> 00:37:01,770
ุงู„ู€ exponential function ุงู„ู€ power function ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ

338
00:37:01,770 --> 00:37:06,910
ู…ุชุบูŠุฑ ูˆุงู„ุฃูุณ ุซุงุจุช ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ู€ exponential function

339
00:37:06,910 --> 00:37:14,300
ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุซุงุจุช ูˆุงู„ุฃูุณ ู…ุชุบูŠุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ุซุงุจุช ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุงู„ู€ 

340
00:37:14,300 --> 00:37:19,160
power function ู‚ุจู„ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ูƒุงู†ุช x ุฃูุณ a ู‡ู†ุง ุฌู„ุจู†ุง

341
00:37:19,160 --> 00:37:23,860
ุฎู„ู‘ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณ a ูˆุงู„ุฃุณ ู…ุงู„ู‡ x ุณู…ู‘ูŠู†ุงู‡ุง ุงู„ู€

342
00:37:23,860 --> 00:37:30,730
exponential functions ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุงู„ุฃุณูŠุฉ F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ A 

343
00:37:30,730 --> 00:37:35,870
to the power X ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจุฏู‘ ุงู„ู€ A ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ zero

344
00:37:35,870 --> 00:37:40,790
ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ูˆุฃุจุฏุงู‹ ูˆุงู„ู€ A ู„ุง ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ุงู„ู€ 

345
00:37:40,790 --> 00:37:46,690
condition ู‡ุฐุง ู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ููŠ ู†ูุณ ูŠุนู‚ูˆุจ ุณู†ุนุฑู‘ููƒู… ุจุนุถู‡ุง ุจุนุฏ

346
00:37:46,690 --> 00:37:51,470
ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ูˆุงู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู„ู€ calculus B ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ู…ุง

347
00:37:51,470 --> 00:37:56,750
ุชุฏุฑุณูˆุง calculus B ููŠ ุงู„ูุตู„ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู… ุฃูˆ ููŠ ุซุงู„ุซ 

348
00:37:56,750 --> 00:38:01,420
section ู…ู† ุงู„ูุตู„ ุงู„ู‚ุงุฏู… ุทูŠุจ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ

349
00:38:01,420 --> 00:38:06,560
ู‡ุฐู‡ a to the power x ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู†ุฑุณู… ุฑุณู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ 

350
00:38:06,560 --> 00:38:11,400
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ูˆู†ุดูˆู ุดูˆ ุงู„ู€ domain ุฅู„ู‡ุง ูˆุดูˆ ุงู„ู€ range ุฅู„ู‡ุง

351
00:38:11,400 --> 00:38:17,880
ูˆุดูƒู„ู‡ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ูุจุฃุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ูƒุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฎู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ูƒ ู…ุนุงูŠุง

352
00:38:17,880 --> 00:38:24,460
ูƒูˆูŠุณ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ x ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ y ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ Zero

353
00:38:25,930 --> 00:38:31,350
ู‚ุจู„ ุจุฑุณู… ู‚ุจู„ a ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† Zero ูŠุจู‚ู‰ a ุจุชุฃุฎุฐ ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ

354
00:38:31,350 --> 00:38:38,490
ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ู„ูˆ ุฃุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ู‚ุจู„ a ู„ุง ุชุณุงูˆูŠ 

355
00:38:38,490 --> 00:38:44,370
ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุฅู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ a ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุตูŠุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู‚ุต ุฃูŠ

356
00:38:44,370 --> 00:38:50,270
ุฑู‚ู… ุจูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู€ linear function ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ

357
00:38:50,270 --> 00:38:54,330
ุงู„ุซุงุจุชุฉ ู„ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุง ุฎุท ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ูƒ ุณุฑ

358
00:38:54,330 --> 00:38:59,630
ู…ุงุณูˆูŠู†ุงุด ุดูŠุจุณ ููŠ ูƒู…ุงู† ุณุจุจ ุขุฎุฑ ุฎู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู„ู‚ู„ุงุต ุจูŠู‡

359
00:38:59,630 --> 00:39:03,070
ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู„ู…ุง ุชุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู‚ู„ุงุต ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ูŠุงู… ุทูŠุจ

360
00:39:03,070 --> 00:39:09,330
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู†ุฑุณู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช ู„ูƒ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูุณ x 

361
00:39:09,330 --> 00:39:14,930
ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุทู„ุน ุฎุท ู…ุณุชู‚ูŠู… ุตุญูŠุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุงุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูุณ

362
00:39:14,930 --> 00:39:20,990
x ู‡ุฐุง ุนู†ุฏูƒ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠูƒ ู‡ุฐุง 

363
00:39:20,990 --> 00:39:32,140
ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูุณ x ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฃูุณ x ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† 

364
00:39:32,140 --> 00:39:40,860
ุฃูุณ x ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฃูุณ x ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู†

365
00:39:40,860 --> 00:39:48,600
ุฃูุณ x ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฃูุณ x ูŠุจู‚ู‰

366
00:39:48,600 --> 00:39:55,210
ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฃูุณ x ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฃูุณ x ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฌูˆุฒ ุฒูŠู‘ู‡

367
00:39:55,210 --> 00:40:01,330
ุจุฏู‘ู‡ุง ุชู…ุฑ ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทูŠุจ ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ x ุฃูุณ ู„ูˆ

368
00:40:01,330 --> 00:40:07,470
ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ X ุจู€ Zero ูู€ ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฃูุณ Zero ุชู„ุงุชุฉ ุฃูุณ Zero ู…ูŠุฉ 

369
00:40:07,470 --> 00:40:13,890
ุฃูุณ Zero ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„ู‡ ุจุฏู‘ู‡ุง ุชู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฅุญุฏุงุซ

370
00:40:13,890 --> 00:40:20,140
ูŠุงุชู‡ุง Zero ูˆุงุญุฏ ูƒู„ู‡ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠู…ุฑ ุจุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅุฐุง ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช

371
00:40:20,140 --> 00:40:23,540
ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃูุณ x ู‡ู„ ุชุฌูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆููˆู‚ ูˆู„ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆุชุญุชุŸ

372
00:40:23,540 --> 00:40:28,460
ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูˆููˆู‚ ูˆุชุนุงู„ู‰ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ู„ูŠุด ู„ูˆ ุฌูŠุช ู‚ู„ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฑุณู…ุฉ

373
00:40:28,460 --> 00:40:35,800
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃูุณ x ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ ู„ูˆ ุฃุฎุฐุช ุงู„ู€ X ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุจูˆุงุญุฏ

374
00:40:35,800 --> 00:40:42,630
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุชุฌูŠ ูƒู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทูŠุจ

375
00:40:42,630 --> 00:40:47,930
ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช ุงุชู†ูŠู† ุฃูุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุงุชู†ูŠู† ุจุฏู‘ู‡ุง ุชุฌูŠูƒ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

376
00:40:47,930 --> 00:40:53,410
ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช ู„ูƒ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃูุณ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชุทู„ุน ุจุฏู‘ู‡ุง ุชุฌูŠู„ูƒ

377
00:40:53,410 --> 00:40:57,950
ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูˆู‡ูƒุฐุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู†

401
00:43:21,720 --> 00:43:27,160
ุฃูŠ ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุญุท ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ูˆ ุฃู†ุง

402
00:43:27,160 --> 00:43:35,200
ู…ุฑุชุงุญ a to the power x ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† 0 for all x ุจุณ

403
00:43:35,200 --> 00:43:40,300
ุงู„ุดุฑุท ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู‡ู‡ ุงู„ a ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ 0 ูˆ ุงู„ a 

404
00:43:40,300 --> 00:43:44,620
ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ a to the power x positive

405
00:43:44,620 --> 00:43:51,240
ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูˆ always ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู† ูŠูƒุณุฑ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† ูˆู„ูˆ ู…ุฑุฉ

406
00:43:52,830 --> 00:43:59,490
ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† 100 ู…ู† 0 ู„ุง ุจูŠุณุงูˆูŠ 0 ูˆู„ุง ุจูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุฉ

407
00:43:59,490 --> 00:44:06,270
ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ exponential function a to the power x

408
00:44:06,270 --> 00:44:13,020
ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู„ logarithmic function ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ูŠุฉ ุทุจุนุง

409
00:44:13,020 --> 00:44:17,200
ุฃุฎุฐุช ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ุงุช ุงู„ุฃุนุฏุงุฏ ูˆุงู„ุฃุนุฏุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงุจู„ุฉ ู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ุงุช

410
00:44:17,200 --> 00:44:21,580
ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุญู„ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูˆูŠุฉุŒ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ู…ุฏุงู…

411
00:44:21,580 --> 00:44:25,860
ุฃุฎุฐู†ุงู‡ุง ุฃุจุฏุฃ ุฃุณุฃู„ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุŒ ู‡ู„ ุฃุฎุฐุช ููŠ ูŠูˆู… ู…ู†

412
00:44:25,860 --> 00:44:33,060
ุงู„ุฃูŠุงู… ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุฉุŸ ู„ุฃุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุงุด

413
00:44:33,060 --> 00:44:38,800
ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ู„ุนุฏุฏ ุณุงู„ุจุŒ ุฃุฎุฐุช ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุก ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ู„ุนุฏุฏ

414
00:44:38,800 --> 00:44:46,210
ุณุงู„ุจุŸ ูŠุง ุฑุฌู„ ุงุชู‚ูŠ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุง ุฑุฌู„ ุชู‚ุฑุฃ ุจุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ููŠ ุณุงู„ุจ

415
00:44:46,210 --> 00:44:49,930
ู…ุงุนู†ุฏูŠุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ู„ ุฃุฎุฐุช ู„ู‡ ุบุฑูŠุชู… ูƒู…ูŠุฉ

416
00:44:49,930 --> 00:44:55,130
ุณุงู„ุจุฉุŸ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุนุฏู‡ ู‡ู„ ุฃุฎุฐุช ู„ู‡ ุบุฑูŠุชู… ู„ู„ุฒูŠุฑูˆุŸ

417
00:45:00,430 --> 00:45:06,410
ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ุงู„ูˆุงุญุฏ ุจุตูุฑุŒ ู…ุด ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ุตูุฑ ุจูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…

418
00:45:06,410 --> 00:45:10,410
ุตูุฑ UndefinedุŒ ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุณู„ุจูŠุฉ UndefinedุŒ

419
00:45:10,410 --> 00:45:16,390
ุจุชุฏุงุณุฉ ู„ู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุŒ ู‚ุฏุงุด domain ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… X ู„ู„ุฃุณุงุณ

420
00:45:16,390 --> 00:45:22,990
ุฅูŠู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ุฃู† ุฃุฑุณู…ู‡ุงุŸ ู…ู† ุตูุฑ ู„ุฅู†ููŠู†ูŠุชูŠ ู…ูุชูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู†

421
00:45:22,990 --> 00:45:27,030
ุงู„ู„ุบุฉ ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ู„ูŠุณุช ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ู„ู„ุงุฒุฑุน ูˆู„ุง ู„ู„ุซุงู„ุซ ูŠุจู‚ู‰

422
00:45:27,030 --> 00:45:31,750
ู…ุถู„ูˆูˆุด ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู‚ูŠุงู…ุฉ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ domain ู„ู„ุบุฉ

423
00:45:31,750 --> 00:45:38,650
ุงู„ุฑุณู…ูŠุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู„ X ู…ู† ุตูุฑ ุฅู„ู‰ ุฅู†ูุชุงุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุฃุฑุณู…

424
00:45:38,650 --> 00:45:44,190
ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุทู„ุน ุนูŠู…ูŠู† ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ูˆุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆู„ุง ุจุณ

425
00:45:44,190 --> 00:45:49,070
ุนูŠู…ูŠู†ู‡ุŸ ุนูŠู…ูŠู†ู‡ ุนูŠู…ูŠู†ู‡ ุทูŠุจ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุฑุณู…ู‡ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุณุฃู„

426
00:45:49,070 --> 00:45:54,410
ูƒู…ุงู† ุณุคุงู„ ู‚ุฏุงุด ุงู„ domain ู„ู„ A to the power X

427
00:45:54,410 --> 00:46:00,410
domain ุงู„

428
00:46:00,410 --> 00:46:07,490
A to the power X ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ

429
00:46:07,490 --> 00:46:12,370
ูˆู‡ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฒูŠู‡ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ

430
00:46:12,370 --> 00:46:18,170
infinity ู„ infinity ูƒู„ real number ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„

431
00:46:18,170 --> 00:46:23,370
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ range ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู…ูƒุชูˆุจ ู‚ุฏุงู…ูƒ ูˆู…ุฑุณูˆู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู†

432
00:46:23,370 --> 00:46:28,610
ุฒูŠุฑูˆุŒ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฑุณูˆู…ุงุช ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุฎุตูŠุงุช

433
00:46:30,180 --> 00:46:36,920
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ Range ู„ู„ู€ A to the power X ู…ู† Zero

434
00:46:36,920 --> 00:46:42,280
ู„ุฅู†ููŠู†ูŠุชูŠ as an open interval ุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุชูŠู† ู‡ุฐูˆู„

435
00:46:42,280 --> 00:46:48,340
ุนู†ุฏูƒุŒ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฑุฌุน ุฃุณุฆู„ูƒ ููŠู‡ู… ุณุคุงู„ุŒ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฑุฌุน ุฃุณุฆู„ูƒ ููŠ

436
00:46:48,340 --> 00:46:53,480
ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุณุคุงู„ ุทูŠุจ ู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ูŠุฉ

437
00:46:53,480 --> 00:46:58,700
ุงู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…ูŠุฉ ู„ูˆ ุฑูˆุญุช ุฑุณู…ุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุญุงูˆุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ X

438
00:46:58,700 --> 00:47:04,160
ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุญูˆุฑ Y ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ main ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ zero ู„ูˆ

439
00:47:04,160 --> 00:47:07,440
ุฑูˆุญู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง ุงู„ function ุชูุงุฌุฆู†ุง ูˆูŠุงูƒ ูˆุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ

440
00:47:07,440 --> 00:47:12,820
ูˆุงู„ุตูุฑ ูŠุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุชุงุฎุฏุด ุฅู„ุง ุฃูˆ ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุฅู„ุง

441
00:47:12,820 --> 00:47:20,720
ู„ู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฎุท ุงู„ุฃุฒุฑู‚ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ

442
00:47:20,720 --> 00:47:24,560
logarithm X ู„ู„ุฃุณุงุณ A

443
00:47:36,180 --> 00:47:44,280
ุทูŠุจ ุชู…ุงู… ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ุญุฏุซูŠ ุชุจุนู‡ุง ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุฒูŠุฑูˆ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง

444
00:47:44,280 --> 00:47:48,900
ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚ ุฒูŠุฑูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ domain

445
00:47:48,900 --> 00:47:52,420
ู„ู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู…

446
00:47:52,420 --> 00:47:55,700
ุงู„ X ู„ู„ุฃุณุงุณ ุงูŠู‡ุŸ

447
00:47:58,690 --> 00:48:04,890
ู…ู† ุตูุฑ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ infinity as an open interval ุจุฏ ุงู„

448
00:48:04,890 --> 00:48:14,410
range ู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ุงู„ X ู„ู„ุฃุณุงุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ

449
00:48:14,410 --> 00:48:23,770
ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ zero ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ

450
00:48:23,770 --> 00:48:31,770
infinity ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ infinity ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู†

451
00:48:31,770 --> 00:48:37,750
ู…ูˆุฌุจุง ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุตูุฑุง ูˆ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุณุงู„ุจุง ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ domain

452
00:48:37,750 --> 00:48:43,870
ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูˆ ุฃุจุฏุง ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซ ุงู„ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฑุงุจุน

453
00:48:44,130 --> 00:48:47,790
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ูƒุชุจุชุด ู…ู† ุงู„ Transcendental function

454
00:48:47,790 --> 00:48:55,350
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ inverse function ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุนูƒูˆุณ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉุŒ

455
00:48:55,350 --> 00:49:00,740
ู…ุนูƒูˆุณ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ู…ุง ู„ูƒูˆุด ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ููŠู‡ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุตู„ ู„ูƒู†

456
00:49:00,740 --> 00:49:05,260
ุงู„ูุตู„ ุงู„ุฌุงูŠ ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ูุตู„ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ Calculus ุจุฃูˆู„

457
00:49:05,260 --> 00:49:10,160
section ููŠ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุฉ inverse function ู…ุนูƒูˆุณ

458
00:49:10,160 --> 00:49:15,680
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃุตู†ุงู ู‡ู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ

459
00:49:15,680 --> 00:49:20,240
ุจู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ู… ุงู„ Transcendental functions ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠู…ุฑูˆุง

460
00:49:20,240 --> 00:49:23,380
ุนู„ูŠู†ุง ุฎู„ุงู„ ุฏุฑุงุณุชู†ุง ุณูˆุงุก ูƒุงู† ููŠ Calculus A ุฃูˆ

461
00:49:23,380 --> 00:49:29,910
Calculus B ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุบุดุดูƒ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ู„ Calculus B ุฅู† ุงู„ู€ A

462
00:49:29,910 --> 00:49:34,690
to the power X ูˆู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ุงู„ู€ X to the power A ูƒู„

463
00:49:34,690 --> 00:49:39,130
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ู… ู…ุนูƒูˆุณุฉ ู„ู„ุชุงู†ูŠุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ the inverse

464
00:49:39,130 --> 00:49:43,630
function of A to the power X is ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ุงู„ู€ X

465
00:49:43,630 --> 00:49:49,010
ู„ู„ุฃุณุงุณ A ูˆุงู„ุนูƒุณ ุจุงู„ุนูƒุณ ู…ุนูƒูˆุณุฉ ุฏุงู„ุฉ ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… X ู„ู„ุฃุณุงุณ

466
00:49:49,010 --> 00:49:53,570
A ู‡ูŠ A to the power X ูˆู„ุงุญุธ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ู„ู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ู‚ูˆู„ู‡

467
00:49:53,570 --> 00:49:59,620
ุงู„ domain ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ range ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงู„ู€ Range ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

468
00:49:59,620 --> 00:50:04,460
domain ู„ู…ุง ูƒุชุจุชูŠู‡ุง ุนูƒุณ ู…ุธุจูˆุท ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู… ู„ู…ุง ุชุจู‚ู‰

469
00:50:04,460 --> 00:50:07,520
ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ู…ุนูƒูˆุณุฉ ู„ู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ domain ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„

470
00:50:07,520 --> 00:50:12,060
range ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ูˆ ุงู„ range ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู‡ูˆ domain ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ

471
00:50:12,060 --> 00:50:16,660
ูˆ ุฑุณู…ุฉ ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ู… ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ุชู„ุงู‚ูŠู‡ุง is

472
00:50:16,660 --> 00:50:19,560
symmetric about the line Y ุชุณุงูˆูŠ X

473
00:50:32,370 --> 00:50:37,970
ูˆู„ูˆ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูŠุฌุงูˆุฒุŒ ุงู„ุฒู„ู…ุฉ ุณุฃู„ ุณุคุงู„ู‡ุŒ ุจุฏูŠ ูŠูู‡ู…ุŒ ุชูŠุฌูŠ

474
00:50:37,970 --> 00:50:43,670
ุนู„ู‰ ู„ูˆุญูƒ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู†ุชูู‡ู† ุงุญู†ุง ู…ุนุงูƒุŸ ูŠู„ุง ุชุนุงู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ ุทุจุนุง

475
00:50:43,670 --> 00:50:49,080
ููŠ ุฃู…ูˆุฑ ุชุจุณุท ุนู„ู‰ ุดูˆ ุงุณู…ูƒ ุฃู†ุชุŸ ุญุณู† ุงู„ูƒุญูˆู„ ูŠุงู„ุง ูŠุง

476
00:50:49,080 --> 00:50:56,700
ุญุณู† ุฃุณุฃู„ูƒ ูˆู„ุง ูƒุฏู‡ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุธุจูˆุท

477
00:50:56,700 --> 00:51:00,680
ุตุญูŠุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุง ุณุงู„ุจ ูˆู„ุง ุตูุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ X ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฏุงุฆู…ุง ูˆ

478
00:51:00,680 --> 00:51:06,220
ุฃุจุฏุง ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ุทู„ุน ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู„ู‡ู†ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ุตูุฑ ูˆู„ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง

479
00:51:06,220 --> 00:51:13,410
ุณุงู„ุจ ู„ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุชูุงุฌุฆู†ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡

480
00:51:13,410 --> 00:51:18,390
domain ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ rangeุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ู„ู…ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุง ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…

481
00:51:18,390 --> 00:51:25,050
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ูู„ุนู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ู‚ูŠู… ู…ูˆุฌุจุฉ ูˆุทู„ุนุชู†ุง ุตูุฑ ูˆุทู„ุนุชู†ุง

482
00:51:25,050 --> 00:51:31,540
ู‚ูŠู… ุณุงู„ุจุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ range ุจุชุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ ูˆุงู„ุณุงู„ุจุŒ ุจุณ ุงู„

483
00:51:31,540 --> 00:51:37,820
domain ู„ู„ู…ูˆุฌุจุŒ ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ููŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉุŸ ุงูŠูˆุฉุŒ ุงุชุฎุฑุจุทุด ู…ู† ุงู„

484
00:51:37,820 --> 00:51:46,580
domain ูˆุงุชูƒุชุฑู†ูŠุŒ ุญุงุฌุฉ ุจุช .. ุงูŠูˆุฉ ุงูŠู‡ ุชุชุทุงุฑู‚ุŒ ุตุญุŸ

485
00:51:46,580 --> 00:51:50,780
ุตุญูŠุญุŸ

486
00:51:50,780 --> 00:51:53,860
ู„ู†ุณู…ุน

487
00:51:53,860 --> 00:51:58,510
ุณุคุงู„ู‡ุŒ ุฃุดูˆู ุณุคุงู„ู‡ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุงูŠูˆุฉุŸ ุจุญูƒูŠ ุงู„ A ุฃูุณ X

488
00:51:58,510 --> 00:52:01,730
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุฃุฎุฐู†ุงู‡ุง ู‡ุง ูˆุงู„ุณูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุฃูˆู„ู‡ุง

489
00:52:01,730 --> 00:52:06,410
ู„ุฅูŠู‡ุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุด ุนุงุฑู ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃุฎุฐุชู‡ุง ุฃู†ุช ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู†

490
00:52:06,410 --> 00:52:10,870
ุนุงู„ู… ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุนุงุฑู ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูˆูŠุง ุดูˆู ูŠุง ุณูŠุฏูŠ ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูƒ

491
00:52:10,870 --> 00:52:17,270
ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู… A ุฃูุณ X ูˆููŠ E ุฃูุณ X E ุฃูุณ X ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนุฏุฏู‡

492
00:52:17,270 --> 00:52:22,670
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆุณุจุนุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจุง ุจุณ a to the power x ู‡ุฐู‡

493
00:52:22,670 --> 00:52:28,610
ุงู„ a ุฃูŠ ุฑู‚ู… ู…ู† ุตูุฑ ู„ infinity ุนุฏู„ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุงู„ุตุญูŠุญ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

494
00:52:28,610 --> 00:52:32,070
ุงู„ a to the power x ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุนุฏุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ุจุชู‚ุตุฏู‡

495
00:52:32,070 --> 00:52:37,870
ู‡ูˆ ุญุงู„ุฉ ุฎุงุตุฉ ู…ู† a to the power x ู„ู…ุง ุชูƒูˆู† a ูู‚ุท

496
00:52:37,870 --> 00:52:44,410
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆุณุจุนุฉ ู…ู† ุนุดุฑุฉ ุฃูˆ ูƒุงุดุฑ ุจุฎู„ุตุด ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฎู„ุงุตู†ุงุŸ

497
00:52:44,410 --> 00:52:44,810
ุงูŠูˆุฉ

498
00:52:51,140 --> 00:52:55,820
ู…ู…ุชุงุฒ ุฌุฏุงุŒ ุจูŠุณุฃู„ ุตุงุญุจู†ุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ูˆุงู„ุณุคุงู„

499
00:52:55,820 --> 00:53:00,900
ูˆุฌู‡ู‡ุŒ ู…ุน ุงู„ุญู‚ุŒ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงุญู†ุง ุฑุณู…ู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูˆุบุงุฑูŠุชู… ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู€ A

500
00:53:00,900 --> 00:53:05,460
to the power XุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ even ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ oddุŒ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡

501
00:53:05,460 --> 00:53:10,560
ุฅุฐุง ู…ุชู…ุซู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ A ูˆI ูู‡ูŠ even ู‡ู„ ู‡ูŠ

502
00:53:10,560 --> 00:53:15,720
ู…ุชู…ุงุซู„ุฉุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ not even ุตู ุนู„ู‰ ุดุฌุฉ ู†ุฌูŠ ู‡ู„ ู…ุชู…ุงุซู„ุฉ

503
00:53:15,720 --> 00:53:19,520
ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ XุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู„ ุฃูŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ููŠูƒ ุจุงู„ู‡ุง

504
00:53:19,520 --> 00:53:24,200
ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุงู‡ูŠุงุด ู…ุชู…ุงุซู„ุฉ ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู…ุญูˆุฑ X ูˆ

505
00:53:24,200 --> 00:53:28,180
ุจุถูŠูู„ู‡ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูˆู„ุง ุญุชู‰ symmetric ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ origin

506
00:53:28,180 --> 00:53:32,860
ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู„ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠุด symmetry ุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู‡ุง

507
00:53:32,860 --> 00:53:40,720
ุจุชุงุชุง ุฎู„ุตู†ุงุŸ ุทูŠุจ ู„ุญุฏ ู‡ู†ุง stop ุจุฏู†ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุญู„ ุชุฑูˆุญ

508
00:53:40,720 --> 00:53:46,340
ุชู…ุฑู† ูŠุฏูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ exercises ุชุจุนุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ู†

509
00:53:46,340 --> 00:53:53,840
ุงู„ู…ุณุงุฆู„ ู…ู† ูˆุงุญุฏ ู„ุณุจุนุฉ ูˆุฎู…ุณูŠู† ุงู„ odd numbers ุทุจุนุง

510
00:53:53,840 --> 00:53:58,620
ูˆ ุจู‚ูˆู„ูƒ odd ู„ูŠุด ุฅู† ุงู„ุฅุฌุงุจุงุช ุนู†ุฏูƒ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒุชุงุจ ู…ุด

511
00:53:58,620 --> 00:54:03,750
ู‡ู†ุชุนุฑู ุฃู†ุช ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุตุญ ูˆู„ุง ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุบู„ุทุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆู„ุง ูŠุตุนุจ

512
00:54:03,750 --> 00:54:08,950
ุนู„ูŠูƒ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ discussion ูˆุงู†ุช ุฌุงู‡ุฒ ู…ุด ุชุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰

513
00:54:08,950 --> 00:54:12,790
ุงู„ discussion ูˆุงู†ุช ู…ุด ู…ุญู„ู„ ูˆู„ุง ุณุคุงู„ ุจุตูŠุฑ ุงู†ุช ู…ุฌู…ุนูŠ

514
00:54:12,790 --> 00:54:17,310
ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุฃู…ุง ู…ุญู„ู„ุŒ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ูˆุงู†ุช ู…ูˆุทู† ู†ูุณูƒ ูˆูุงู‡ู…ูŠ ูƒูˆูŠุณุŒ

515
00:54:17,310 --> 00:54:21,910
okayุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุฃู„ุฉ ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุชุญู„ู‡ุงุŒ ู†ุจุบู‰

516
00:54:21,910 --> 00:54:24,190
ุจูƒ ุชุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ discussion ูˆุฅุฐุง ู…ุง ู„ุญู‚ุชุด ููŠ ุงู„

517
00:54:24,190 --> 00:54:27,760
discussion ูˆุฑุญุช ู„ู„ู…ูŠุถุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุบุฑูุฉ ูˆู…ุง ู„ู‚ูŠุชุด ูˆ

518
00:54:27,760 --> 00:54:31,160
ุจุชุฌูŠู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุณุงุนุงุช ุงู„ู…ูƒุชุจูŠุฉ ุฃู‡ู„ุง ูˆุณู‡ู„ุง ูˆ ุฑุงุญุช ุจุงู„ูƒู„

519
00:54:31,160 --> 00:54:34,780
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ูŠุณุฃู„ู‡ ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ูŠุณุฃู„ู‡ ุญุฑู ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ

520
00:54:34,780 --> 00:54:39,700
ุนู„ู‰ ุฌู†ุจู‡ ุทุจ ุงู„ุขู† ู†ู†ุชู‚ู„ ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ section ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

521
00:54:39,700 --> 00:54:47,220
ูŠู„ูŠู‡ ู‡ูˆ section 1-2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุซู„ุงุซ ู†ู‚ุงุท ุฑุฆูŠุณุฉ

522
00:54:47,790 --> 00:54:53,450
ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ู„ู„ combining functions ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูƒูˆู†

523
00:54:53,450 --> 00:54:59,890
ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฏูˆุงู„ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„

524
00:54:59,890 --> 00:55:05,010
shifting of functions ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑุณู… ุงู„ุฏูˆู„ ูˆู†ุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ุง

525
00:55:05,010 --> 00:55:12,560
ุฅุฒุงุญุงุช ุฐุงุช ุงู„ูŠู…ูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุฐุงุช ุงู„ุดู…ุงู„ ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฅู„ู‰ ุฃุณูู„

526
00:55:12,560 --> 00:55:18,420
ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ูˆุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุงู„ scaling graphs ุฅุฐุง ุจู†ุฑุณู…

527
00:55:18,420 --> 00:55:24,660
ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ุจู†ุณุจ ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุชุตุบูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุชูƒุจูŠุฑ ู„ู„ุฑุณู…ุฉ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…

528
00:55:24,660 --> 00:55:31,320
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุณู…ุนุชู‡ ู‡ูˆ ู…ุฎุชุตุฑ section 1-2 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ section 1-2

529
00:55:31,320 --> 00:55:33,680
ุจุชูƒู„ู… ุนู† ู…ุง ูŠุฃุชูŠ

530
00:55:37,890 --> 00:55:45,130
combining functions ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ

531
00:55:45,130 --> 00:55:53,110
shiftings shiftings

532
00:55:53,110 --> 00:56:00,170
ุงู„ุฅุฒุงุญุงุช and scaling graphs

533
00:56:05,720 --> 00:56:10,340
ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ combining functions

534
00:56:10,340 --> 00:56:18,400
ุจุฅู†ู†ุง ู†ุงุฎุฏ ุงู„ sums ูˆ ุงู„ differences ุงู„ุทุฑุญ ุฃูˆ

535
00:56:18,400 --> 00:56:26,520
ุงู„ูุฑูˆู‚ุงุช ูˆ ุงู„ products ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุถุฑุจ and

536
00:56:26,520 --> 00:56:32,480
quotients ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ

537
00:56:37,900 --> 00:56:44,640
ูƒู„ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ุจุฅู†ู†ุง ู†ุนุทูŠู‡ู… ุชุนุฑูŠู ูุจุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ definition if

538
00:56:44,640 --> 00:57:02,810
ุงู„ if and ุงู„ g are two functions and if ุงู„ x ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

539
00:57:02,810 --> 00:57:11,830
ููŠ domain ุงู„ F ุชู‚ุงุทุน ู…ุน domain ุงู„ G we define

540
00:57:11,830 --> 00:57:16,090
ุจุงู„ุฑูˆุญ

541
00:57:16,560 --> 00:57:25,640
ู†ุนุฑู ุชุนุฑูŠูุงุช ุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠุฉ ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏ f ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุฃูˆ ู†ุงู‚ุต g as

542
00:57:25,640 --> 00:57:32,820
a function of x ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ f of x ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุฃูˆ ู†ุงู‚ุต g

543
00:57:32,820 --> 00:57:41,220
of x ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„ f ููŠ g of x ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ f of x

544
00:57:41,220 --> 00:57:45,640
ู…ุถุฑูˆุจ ููŠ ุงู„ g of x and

545
00:57:47,780 --> 00:57:54,200
ุงู„ู€CF as a function of X ุจุฏูŠ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ C ููŠ ุงู„ู€F of X

546
00:57:54,200 --> 00:58:07,200
ูˆุงู„ู€C is constant ู†ู…ุฑุฉ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู„ F ุนู„ู‰ G ูƒู„ู‡ as

547
00:58:07,200 --> 00:58:15,320
a function of X ุจุฏูŠู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ F of X ุนู„ู‰ G of X

548
00:58:15,320 --> 00:58:25,640
ูˆุจุดุฑุท ุฃู† ุงู„ G of X ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน ูŠุชุณุงูˆูŠ Zero ู„ุฃู†

549
00:58:25,640 --> 00:58:33,850
ูƒู„ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ functions ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุจุฏู†ุง domain ู„ู…ุงู… ู„ู„ F ุฒุงุฆุฏ

550
00:58:33,850 --> 00:58:43,110
ุงู„ G ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ domain ู„ู„ F ู†ุงู‚ุต ุงู„ G ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ domain ู„ู„ F

551
00:58:43,110 --> 00:58:54,450
ููŠ G ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ domain ู„ู„ F ุชู‚ุงุทุน ู…ุน domain ู„ู„ G and

552
00:58:54,450 --> 00:59:02,550
ูˆุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ ุงู„ domain ู„ู„ C ููŠ ุงู„ F

553
00:59:06,800 --> 00:59:13,280
ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ูˆุงู„ุฃุฎูŠุฑุฉ domain ุงู„ F ุนู„ู‰ G

554
00:59:17,790 --> 00:59:26,930
Domain ุงู„ู€ F ุชู‚ุงุทุน ู…ุน Domain ุงู„ู€ G ูƒู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุชุดูŠู„ ูƒู„

555
00:59:26,930 --> 00:59:37,670
ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎู„ู„ูŠ G of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ Zero for example

556
00:59:37,670 --> 00:59:38,270
let

557
00:59:47,290 --> 00:59:55,150
ุงู„ู€ F of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุฅู„ู‰ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ and

558
00:59:55,150 --> 01:00:04,090
ุงู„ู€ G of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุฅู„ู‰ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ

559
01:00:04,090 --> 01:00:16,110
find ุจุฏู†ุง ูƒู„ ู…ู† ู†ู…ุฑุฉ A ุจุฏู†ุง

560
01:00:16,830 --> 01:00:34,510
ุงู„ F ุฒูŠุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ F ููŠ ุฌูŠ ูˆ ุงู„ F ุนู„ู‰ ุฌูŠ

561
01:00:34,510 --> 01:00:47,000
ู†ู…ุฑุฉ B ุจุฏู†ุง domain ุงู„ F ุฒูŠุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฌูŠ domain ุงู„ู€ F ููŠ

562
01:00:47,000 --> 01:00:58,460
G and domain ุงู„ F ุนู„ู‰ G ู†ู…ุฑุฉ C

563
01:00:58,460 --> 01:01:08,340
ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู„ F ุนู„ู‰ G as a function of one and ุงู„ F ุนู„ู‰

564
01:01:08,340 --> 01:01:12,140
G as a function of three

565
01:01:20,840 --> 01:01:26,660
ู„ู…ุง ุฃู‚ูˆู„ combining functions ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุญู†ุง ุนู†ุฏู†ุง

566
01:01:26,660 --> 01:01:32,820
ุฏุงู„ุชูŠู† ุฃูˆ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ู… ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฌู…ูŠุน ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฌู…ูŠุน

567
01:01:32,820 --> 01:01:37,580
ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌู…ุน ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุทุฑุญ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุถุฑุจ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุณู…ุฉ

568
01:01:37,580 --> 01:01:43,140
ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุชุฑูƒูŠุจูŠุฉ ุจุณ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจูŠุฉ ุฃุฌู„ู†ุงู‡ุง ู„ูƒ ุฅู„ู‰

569
01:01:43,140 --> 01:01:47,900
ู…ุง ุจุนุฏ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ู†ุดูˆู ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃูˆู„ ุดุบู„ุฉ

570
01:01:47,900 --> 01:01:53,560
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุฏุงู„ุชูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุชูŠู† ุฅู…ุง

571
01:01:53,560 --> 01:01:58,360
ุจุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ุน ุฃูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุทุฑุญ ุฃูˆ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ุถุฑุจ ุฃูˆ

572
01:01:58,360 --> 01:02:04,020
ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ู†ูƒูˆู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฏูˆุฑ ุนู„ู‰

573
01:02:04,020 --> 01:02:08,560
ุงู„ domain ุชุจุนู‡ุง ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุนู„ุงู‚ุฉ ุงู„ domain ู„ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฏูˆุงู„

574
01:02:08

601
01:04:36,250 --> 01:04:40,410
ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงุชู†ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏุฃ ุขุฎุฐ ุงู„ุถุฑุจ ุจุฏู„ ุงู„ู€ F ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€

602
01:04:40,410 --> 01:04:45,250
G ุจุฏุฃ ุฃุญุท ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ ุซุงุจุช ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ F of X ู„ู…ุง ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑ

603
01:04:45,250 --> 01:04:49,860
ุซุงุจุช ุฌุฏู‘ูŠุด ุงู„ู€ domain ุชุจุนู‡ุง ูƒู„ real number ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 

604
01:04:49,860 --> 01:04:54,480
infinity ุฅู„ู‰ infinity ุจู€ gene ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ F ูŠุจู‚ู‰

605
01:04:54,480 --> 01:04:58,040
ุชู‚ุงุทุน ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ F ูˆู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ set of real

606
01:04:58,040 --> 01:05:02,240
numbers ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ F itself ูˆู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ุฏูˆู…ูŠู†

607
01:05:02,240 --> 01:05:08,250
ุงู„ constant F ู‡ูˆ ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ F itself ุทุจู‚ู†ุง

608
01:05:08,250 --> 01:05:12,850
ุงู„ู€ domain ุชุจุน ุญุงุตู„ ุงู„ุถุฑุจ ู‡ุฐุง ู‚ูˆู„ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ intersection

609
01:05:12,850 --> 01:05:18,730
ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ two domains ุทูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ domain ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰

610
01:05:18,730 --> 01:05:22,690
ุงู„ู€ intersection ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ two domains ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดูŠู„ ู…ู†ู‡

611
01:05:22,690 --> 01:05:27,760
ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ู…ุง ู„ู‡ ุณุงูˆูŠ ุฒูŠ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุจู‚ู‰

612
01:05:27,760 --> 01:05:33,180
ู†ุงู‚ุต ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ุง ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ุตูุฑ ู„ุฃู†

613
01:05:33,180 --> 01:05:37,960
ุงู„ู‚ุณู… ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุงุท ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ู…ุง ู„ู‡ and five ุทุจ ู‡ุฐุง

614
01:05:37,960 --> 01:05:44,060
ูƒู„ุงู… ู†ุธุฑูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุดูˆูู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃุฑุถ ุงู„ูˆุงู‚ุน ู…ุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ุฏุงู„ุชูŠู† ูˆ

615
01:05:44,060 --> 01:05:49,080
ู‚ุงู„ ู„ูŠ ู„ู„ุฌู…ุน ูˆุงู„ุถุฑุจ ูˆุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ู€ domains

616
01:05:49,080 --> 01:05:52,520
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ู… ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุงุญุณุจ ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ domains ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡

617
01:05:52,520 --> 01:05:58,500
ุฑู‚ู…ูŠู† ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุขุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุจุฏูŠ ุขุฎุฐ ู„ู‡ f

618
01:05:58,500 --> 01:06:04,160
ุฒุงุฆุฏ g as a function of x ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนุฑู ุดูˆ ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ุฌู…ุน

619
01:06:04,540 --> 01:06:08,900
ุจู†ุทุจู‚ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู‚ุงูŠู„ูŠู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู„ู…ุง ุฃุทุจู‚ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู

620
01:06:08,900 --> 01:06:15,720
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† f of x ุฒุงุฆุฏ g of x f of x ู…ุนุฑูˆูุฉ

621
01:06:15,720 --> 01:06:22,140
ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ x ุฒุงุฆุฏ 4 ุฒุงุฆุฏ

622
01:06:22,140 --> 01:06:28,400
ุงู„ู€ g of x ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ x ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต 4

623
01:06:28,400 --> 01:06:36,950
ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุฃุฌู…ุนู‡ู… ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุฎู„ุงุตุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฎู„ุงุตุŸ ุจู‚ุฏุฑุด

624
01:06:36,950 --> 01:06:40,410
ุฃุฌู…ุน ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุนู…ู„ู‡ ุฃู†

625
01:06:40,410 --> 01:06:44,770
ุฃุถุฑุจ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงูู‚ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฃุญุทู‡ู… ููŠ ุดูƒู„ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุŒ

626
01:06:44,770 --> 01:06:48,530
ูƒุงู„ูƒุนุฒูŠุฒุฉ ู…ุง ู„ู‡ุงุด ู„ุฒูˆู…ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฎู„ุงุต ูˆุตู„ ู„ุญุฏ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ

627
01:06:48,530 --> 01:06:53,200
ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒ ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ุฏุฌูŠ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ

628
01:06:53,200 --> 01:06:58,760
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ FG as a function of X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ F

629
01:06:58,760 --> 01:07:04,840
of X ููŠ ุงู„ู€ G of X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู„ู€ X ุงู„ู„ูŠ

630
01:07:04,840 --> 01:07:10,920
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ู„ู„ู€ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู€ 4 ู…ุถุฑูˆุจุฉ ููŠ ุฌุฐุฑ

631
01:07:10,920 --> 01:07:16,220
ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต 4 ู‡ุฐู‡ ุตุญูŠุญุฉ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ

632
01:07:16,220 --> 01:07:21,700
ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฌุฐุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ู…ุธุจูˆุท ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุฐุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ

633
01:07:21,700 --> 01:07:27,260
ู…ุธุจูˆุท ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ู€ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ 4 ุจุงู„ู€ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ู‚ุต

634
01:07:27,260 --> 01:07:31,320
4 ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ูˆุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ ุฌุฐุฑ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู…ู† ู‡ูŠูƒุŒ

635
01:07:31,320 --> 01:07:36,910
ูˆุตู„ ู„ุญุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒ ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ ุจู†ุฏุฌูŠ ู„ู…ู†ุŸ ู„ู€ ุงู„ู€ F

636
01:07:36,910 --> 01:07:43,510
ุนู„ู‰ G as a function of X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ F of X ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ G

637
01:07:43,510 --> 01:07:49,710
of X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู„ู€ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ 4 ุนู„ู‰ ู…ู† ุนู„ู‰

638
01:07:49,710 --> 01:07:54,290
ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต 4 ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡

639
01:07:54,290 --> 01:07:54,870
ูƒุฐู„ูƒ

640
01:08:04,710 --> 01:08:11,790
ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู…ุทู„ูˆุจ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ู†ุฌูŠุจ

641
01:08:11,790 --> 01:08:17,120
ุงู„ู€ domain ู„ู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ูˆุงู„ู€ domain ู„ู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู…ุด ู‡ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ two

642
01:08:17,120 --> 01:08:22,840
domains ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุนุฑู ู‚ุฏู‘ูŠุด ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ F ูˆุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ G ูˆ

643
01:08:22,840 --> 01:08:26,840
ุชู‚ุงุทุนู‡ ููŠู…ุง ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุง ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ููŠ ุดุบู„ู†ุง ุตุญูŠุญ

644
01:08:26,840 --> 01:08:32,020
ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุงุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฌูŠุจ ู„ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ domain

645
01:08:32,020 --> 01:08:38,600
ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ F ู‡ูˆ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠุฑุฌุน ู„ู„ู€ F ุตุญ

646
01:08:38,600 --> 01:08:45,260
ุจูŠุชู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ domain ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ

647
01:08:45,260 --> 01:08:49,720
ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฏุงุฆู…ุงู‹ ูˆุฃุจุฏุงู‹ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€

648
01:08:49,720 --> 01:08:54,160
zero ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ 4 greater than or equal to

649
01:08:54,160 --> 01:08:59,060
zero ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ X ุฒุงุฆุฏ 4 greater than or equal to

650
01:08:59,060 --> 01:09:06,500
zero ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ X ุชูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†

651
01:09:06,500 --> 01:09:12,080
ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู‚ุฏู‘ูŠุด ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ุซู… ููˆู‚

652
01:09:12,080 --> 01:09:18,350
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ูˆู„ุง ูˆูŠู† ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ infinity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง

653
01:09:18,350 --> 01:09:23,850
ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ interval ู…ุบู„ู‚ุฉ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ูˆู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€

654
01:09:23,850 --> 01:09:28,330
infinity ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‚ุฏุงู…ู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ูŠ

655
01:09:28,330 --> 01:09:33,690
ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ F ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌูŠุจ domain ุงู„ู€ G

656
01:09:33,690 --> 01:09:39,170
domain ุงู„ู€ G ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุตุงุญุจู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง

657
01:09:39,170 --> 01:09:44,610
ุฌุฐุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฏูŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ูƒู…ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุจู‚ู‰ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†

658
01:09:44,610 --> 01:09:49,870
ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ zero ุจุญูŠุซ ุฅู† X squared minus four

659
01:09:49,870 --> 01:09:54,750
greater than or equal to zero ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X

660
01:09:54,750 --> 01:10:01,290
ู†ุถูŠู 4 ู„ู„ุทุฑููŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุญูŠุซ ุฅู† X ุชุฑุจูŠุน greater

661
01:10:01,290 --> 01:10:07,310
than or equal to ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ 4 ุฃู†ุง ู…ุง ุจุฏูŠ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุจุฏูŠ

662
01:10:07,310 --> 01:10:12,970
X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุดูˆ ุจุนู…ู„ุŸ ุจุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู„ุทุฑููŠู†ุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰

663
01:10:12,970 --> 01:10:19,370
ู‡ุฐุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฅู† absolute value ู„ู€ X ุฃูƒุจุฑ

664
01:10:19,370 --> 01:10:24,130
ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ absolute value ู„ู„ู€ 2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ู…ู‘ูŠู†

665
01:10:24,130 --> 01:10:32,380
ุจุงู„ู€ 2 ุตุญุŸ ุณูƒุช ุงู„ุดุนุจ ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ุนู„ู‰ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน

666
01:10:32,380 --> 01:10:35,180
ู‡ูˆ absolute value ู„ู€ X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ absolute value ู„ู€ X

667
01:10:35,180 --> 01:10:38,000
ุฌุฐุฑ ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ุนู„ู‰ 4 ู‡ูˆ absolute value ู„ู„ู€ 2

668
01:10:38,000 --> 01:10:43,940
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุจู€ 2 itself ุทุจุนุงู‹ ูุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนุจุฑ ุนู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุตูŠุงุบุฉ

669
01:10:43,940 --> 01:10:51,260
ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ูุจุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X such that ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฅู…ู‘ุง

670
01:10:51,260 --> 01:10:54,260
ุงู„ู€ X greater than or equal to

671
01:11:03,630 --> 01:11:07,610
ุจุณ ุงุณู…ุน ุงุณู…ุน ู„ูŠุด ุฅูŠุดุŸ ูˆู‡ูŠ

672
01:11:21,220 --> 01:11:28,020
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ูŠุณู…ู‰ ูƒู„ู…ุฉ or ุชุนู†ูŠ ุงุชุญุงุฏ

673
01:11:30,080 --> 01:11:35,140
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุงุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ู€ X ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ 2 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู†

674
01:11:35,140 --> 01:11:39,680
ุนู†ุฏ 2 ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ู„ู…ุงู„ู‡ุง ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุฌุงู„ ุงู„ู€ X ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ

675
01:11:39,680 --> 01:11:44,620
ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุฑุฌุน ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ู„ูˆูŠู† ู„ูƒู† ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ

676
01:11:44,620 --> 01:11:49,020
ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุจู†ุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ูƒุจูŠุฑุฉ ุจู†ุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ

677
01:11:49,020 --> 01:11:54,460
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ interval ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ infinity ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ

678
01:11:54,460 --> 01:12:01,530
2 ู…ุบู„ู‚ุฉ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ุจุณุจุจ ุงู„ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงุชุญุงุฏ

679
01:12:01,530 --> 01:12:05,490
ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† 2 ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ infinity

680
01:12:08,010 --> 01:12:12,170
ุทูŠุจ ุญุชู‰ ุงู„ุขู† ุฌูŠุจ ุจุณ ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ F ูˆุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู€ GุŒ

681
01:12:12,170 --> 01:12:17,750
ุฃุตุจุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‘ ุจุณ ู†ุฎู„ุต ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ domain ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒ ู…ุง

682
01:12:17,750 --> 01:12:23,750
ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ู‚ุงู„ X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ

683
01:12:23,750 --> 01:12:27,610
ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุทุน ูˆู„ู…ู† ุญุณุจู†ุง ุงู„ู€ domain ู‚ุงู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ

684
01:12:27,610 --> 01:12:32,970
ุชู‚ุงุทุน ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฑูˆุญ ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุชู‚ุงุทุน

685
01:12:32,970 --> 01:12:39,410
ุงู„ูุชุฑุชูŠู† domain ุงู„ู€ F ู…ุน domain ุงู„ู€ G ุฅุฐุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ุจุฏูŠ

686
01:12:39,410 --> 01:12:47,290
domain ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ F ุชู‚ุงุทุน ู…ุน domain ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ G ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ูˆู…ุง

687
01:12:47,290 --> 01:12:52,510
ุฃุฏุฑูƒูŠ ู…ุง ู„ู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ูˆูƒูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนุฒู‘ุจู‡ ุงุณุชุบู„ู†ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ุจู‚ู‰

688
01:12:52,510 --> 01:12:58,340
ุฃุตุจู‘ุฑ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ู…ุง ุฃุฎู„ู‚ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู„ู…ูƒ ูƒูŠู ุชุญุณุจู‡ ุจุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู…ุง

689
01:12:58,340 --> 01:13:05,000
ุชุฎุฑู‘ุด ุงู„ู…ูŠู‡ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุฏูƒ ุชุฑูˆุญ ุชู„ุตู‚ ุฑุงุณู… ูƒูŠู ุงู„ุฑุณู…ุŸ

690
01:13:05,000 --> 01:13:11,740
ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ real life ุจุชุฏู‡ุด ู„ู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€

691
01:13:11,740 --> 01:13:15,680
domain ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ 4

692
01:13:15,680 --> 01:13:22,120
ู„ุบุงูŠุฉุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ู‚ู„ุช ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ zero ุจุฏู‡ ุชุฌูŠู†ุง ุณุงู„ุจ 4

693
01:13:22,120 --> 01:13:27,160
ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ู†ุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุดุงู† ุงู„ูƒู„ ูŠุดูˆู ุฌูˆู„ ู‡ู†ุงุŒ

694
01:13:27,160 --> 01:13:32,900
ู‡ูŠ ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ 4

695
01:13:32,900 --> 01:13:39,780
ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุงุดูŠ ู„ู…ุง ู„ุง ู†ู‡ุงูŠุฉ ุณู‡ู… ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‚ุงู„ ูุงู„ู„ู‡

696
01:13:39,780 --> 01:13:43,960
ุณู‡ู‘ู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ู†ูŠุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ูˆู…ู† ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุฎู„ุงุตู†ุง

697
01:13:43,960 --> 01:13:49,020
ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฑุณู…ุชู‡ุŸ domain ุงู„ู€ F ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฑูˆุญ ู„ู€

698
01:13:49,020 --> 01:13:53,320
domain ุงู„ู€ G domain ุงู„ู€ G ุฌุงู„ู‡ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ infinity

699
01:13:53,320 --> 01:13:58,320
ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ูˆูŠู† ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุงุŸ ู‡ู†ุง ุณุงู„ุจ

700
01:13:58,320 --> 01:14:04,710
2 ูˆุจุชุฏู‘ูƒ ุชุฑุฌุน ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุณุงู„ุจ infinity ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ู…ู†

701
01:14:04,710 --> 01:14:09,830
ุนู†ุฏ 2 ู„ู„ู€ infinity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 2 ุชุฌูŠู†ุง ุจุนุฏ ุงู„ู€ zero

702
01:14:09,830 --> 01:14:15,230
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ูŠ 2 ูˆู„ู„ู€ infinity ุจุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง

703
01:14:16,480 --> 01:14:20,860
ุงู„ุขู† ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุทุน ุจุชุงุนู‡ู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†

704
01:14:20,860 --> 01:14:24,880
ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆุฅู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู† ู…ุน ุจุนุถ ุจุชูƒูˆู† ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ

705
01:14:24,880 --> 01:14:30,560
ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ุงุทู„ุน ู„ูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃุธู†ู‘ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ู…ุง

706
01:14:30,560 --> 01:14:35,800
ุจูŠู† ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู‡ู†ุง ูˆู‡ู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†

707
01:14:35,800 --> 01:14:41,190
ุงู„ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุตุญูŠุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุฃุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู†ุงุก ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ ุงู„ู€ domain

708
01:14:41,190 --> 01:14:47,910
ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ู„ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ู„ุณุงู„ุจ

709
01:14:47,910 --> 01:14:54,590
2 as an closed interval ุจุณุจุจ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุจุฏูŠ

710
01:14:54,590 --> 01:15:00,230
ุฃุญุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ูƒู…ุงู† ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ูˆู„ุง ูˆุงู… ู…ู† 2 ู…ุบู„ู‚ุฉ

711
01:15:00,230 --> 01:15:06,190
ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ infinity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูŠุง ุดุจุงุจ ุฅู† ุฑุณู…ุช ุฒูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุนู…ุฑูƒ ู…ุง

712
01:15:06,190 --> 01:15:11,010
ู‡ุชุบู„ุท ุจุณ ุชุฌูŠ ุชู‚ุฏุฑู‡ุง ุจุฏู„ ุงู„ุฑุณู… ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ุงู„ุฎุทุฃ ูˆุงุฑุฏ

713
01:15:11,010 --> 01:15:17,380
ุจู†ุณุจุฉ 150% ู‡ุฐุง ู„ู„ุจุนุถ ูˆุงู„ุจุนุถ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู‚ุฏ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู†ุณุจุฉ ู†ุฌุงุญ

714
01:15:17,380 --> 01:15:22,540
150% ูˆุงู…ุง ู…ุง ุฏู‡ ููŠู‡ ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ ุงู„ุนู‚ูˆู„ ุฅุฐุง ุญุชู‰ ู…ุง

715
01:15:22,540 --> 01:15:28,860
ู†ุบู„ุทุด ุจู†ุญุงูˆู„ ู†ุฑุณู… ุทูŠุจ ุฑุณู…ู†ุง ูˆุญุฏุฏู†ุง ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ุญูŠู†

716
01:15:28,860 --> 01:15:33,120
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู†ู…ุจุฑ 2 ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ู†ุญุณุจ ุงู„ู€ domain

717
01:15:33,120 --> 01:15:38,020
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง ุฅูŠุงู‡ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุงุดุชุบู„ู†ุง ุงู„ุดุบู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง

718
01:15:52,810 --> 01:15:58,970
ู†ู…ุณูƒ ู†ู…ุจุฑ ุจูŠ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ูŠ ู†ู…ุจุฑ ุจูŠ ู†ู…ุจุฑ ุจูŠ ู‚ุงู„ ู„ูŠ

719
01:15:58,970 --> 01:16:02,190
domain ุงู„ู€ F ุฒูŠ ุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ G ูˆdomain ุงู„ู€ F ููŠ G ู‡ุฐูˆู„ ุฒูŠ

720
01:16:02,190 --> 01:16:06,870
ุจุนุถ ู…ุด ููŠู‡ู… ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจู‚ู‰ ุฌูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡

721
01:16:06,870 --> 01:16:15,980
domain ุงู„ู€ F ุฒุงุฆุฏ ุงู„ู€ G ู‡ูˆ domain ุงู„ู€ F ููŠ G ู‡ูˆ

722
01:16:15,980 --> 01:16:23,020
domain ุงู„ู€ F ุชู‚ุงุทุนู‡ ู…ุน domain ุงู„ู€ G ู…ุด ู‡ูŠูƒุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰

723
01:16:23,020 --> 01:16:27,650
ู‡ุฐุง ุฌุงู‡ุฒ ุญุณุจุชู‡ ุจุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ูˆุจู‚ุนุฏู‡ุง ุจุณู„ุงู…ุชู‡ุง

724
01:16:27,650 --> 01:16:35,330
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ูˆุณุงู„ุจ 2 ุงุชุญุงุฏ 2

725
01:16:35,330 --> 01:16:39,450
ูˆ infinity ุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ููŠ ู†ู…ุจุฑ ุจูŠ ุฅูŠุฌุงุฏ domain

726
01:16:39,450 --> 01:16:44,010
ุฎุงุฑุฌ ุงู„ู‚ุณู…ุฉ ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ and

727
01:16:46,520 --> 01:16:52,740
ุงู„ู€ domain ุจุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ F ุนู„ู‰ G ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ domain ุงู„ู€ F

728
01:16:52,740 --> 01:17:02,980
ุชู‚ุงุทุนู‡ ู…ุน domain ุงู„ู€ G ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดูŠู„ ู…ู†ู‡ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ X's ุงู„ู„ูŠ

729
01:17:02,980 --> 01:17:10,090
ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุฎู„ูŠู‡ ู„ู€ G of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ Zero ู…ุด ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุทูŠุจ

730
01:17:10,090 --> 01:17:15,030
ุงู„ู€ intersection ุฌุงู‡ุฒ ู‡ูŠู‘ู‡ ููˆู‚ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุณุงู„ุจ 2

731
01:17:15,030 --> 01:17:23,090
ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ุงุชุญุงุฏ 2 ูˆ

732
01:17:23,090 --> 01:17:29,370
infinity ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดูŠู„ ู…ู†ู‡ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุฎู„ูŠ

733
01:17:29,370 --> 01:17:35,470
ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ุจู€ zero ู…ู† ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ ุฌูŠ ุจู€ zero ู‡ูŠ ุฌูŠ

734
01:17:36,000 --> 01:17:40,000
ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง zeroุŸ 2 ูˆุณุงู„ุจ 2 ู‡ู„

735
01:17:40,000 --> 01:17:47,340
ูŠูˆุฌุฏ ุบูŠุฑู‡ู…ุŸ ุจู†ูƒุชุจู‡ู… as a set ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ูˆ2ุŒ

736
01:17:47,340 --> 01:17:51,700
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดูŠู„ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุณุงู„ุจ

737
01:17:51,700 --> 01:17:56,460
2 ูˆ2 ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฏู„ ู…ุง ุชู„ุช ุจุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง

738
01:17:56,460 --> 01:18:02,020
ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุญู„ู‘ูŠู†ุง ู…ุดูƒู„ุชู†ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ

739
01:18:02,020 --> 01:18:09,540
ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ู…ุบู„ู‚ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ุจู†ุฎู„ูŠู‡ุง ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ ุงุชุญุงุฏ

740
01:18:09,540 --> 01:18:15,140
ูƒู…ุงู† ู…ูุชูˆุญุฉ 2 ูˆ infinity ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงุณุชุจุนุฏู†ุง ุณุงู„ุจ

741
01:18:15,140 --> 01:18:16,300
2 ูˆ2

742
01:18:27,360 --> 01:18:30,980
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ููŠ ุญุณุงุจ ุงู„ู€ domain ู…ุด ููŠ ุงู„ุดูƒู„ ุฅุฐุง ููŠ

743
01:18:30,980 --> 01:18:36,340
ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑุงุช ุจุงุฎุชุตุฑู‡ุง ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู„ ููŠุด ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑุงุช X ู†ุงู‚ุต

744
01:18:36,340 --> 01:18:41,980
2 ููŠ X ุฒูŠ 2 ูุฑู‚ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑุจุนูŠู† ู‡ุฏู ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููˆู‚

745
01:18:41,980 --> 01:18:45,680
X ุฒูŠ 4 ู„ุฃ ู„ุฃ ุงุฌู‰ ููŠ ุจุงู„ู‡ X ู†ุงู‚ุต 4 X ุฒูŠ

746
01:18:45,680 --> 01:18:47,360
4 ุชู… ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ ููŠุด ุงุฎุชุตุงุฑ

747
01:18:55,340 --> 01:19:00,800
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ F ููŠ ุงู„ู€ bus ูˆู„ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจูŠุฎู„ูŠ

748
01:19:00,800 --> 01:19:04,360
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุฏูŠ ู„ุฃุตูุงุฑ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู… ู…ุด

749
01:19:04,360 --> 01:19:07,520
ุฃุตูุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุณุท ุฃุตูุงุฑ ุงู„ุจุณุท ุฏู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง

750
01:19:07,520 --> 01:19:10,960
ู…ุงุนู†ุฏูŠุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู„ูˆ ูˆู‚ุนุช ุงู„ุฃุตูุงุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู‚ุงู…

751
01:19:10,960 --> 01:19:16,320
ุนุงุฑู ู„ูŠุดุŸ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ููŠ ุนู„ู… ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุถูŠุงุช ุฅู†ูƒ ุชู‚ุณู…

752
01:19:16,320 --> 01:19:21,680
ุนู„ู‰ ุตูุฑ ุฎุงุฑุฌ ู†ุทุงู‚ ุงู„ุนู‚ู„ ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠ ู…ุด ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุชุตูˆุฑู‡ุง

753
01:19:21,680 --> 01:19:25,320
ุงู„ุนู‚ู„ ุงู„ุจุดุฑูŠ ููŠ ูŠูˆู… ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูŠุงู… ู…ุงุดูŠ ู„ูŠูˆู…ู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง

754
01:19:25,320 --> 01:19:30,340
ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฎู„ุงุตู†ุง ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู†ู…ุจุฑ ุจูŠ ุฎู„ุงุตู†ุง ู…ู†ู‡ุง

755
01:19:30,340 --> 01:19:36,960
ูƒู„ู‡ุง ุฌูŠุจู†ุง ุงู„ู€ domain ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ูƒูŠูุŸ ุชุนุงู„ ู‡ู†ุง ุฅูŠู‡

756
01:19:36,960 --> 01:19:41,040
ุงู„ุญุฏู‘ุŸ

757
01:19:41,040 --> 01:19:51,280
ุฅู†ูŠู‘ุงุช ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู†ุนุฏ ู„ุญุฏ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ูˆูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ุง ูู‡ู…ุชูˆุดุŸ ู…ู…ุชุงุฒ

758
01:19:51,280 --> 01:19:57,420
ุฌุฏุงู‹ ุทูŠุจ ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€ domain ุฏูˆู„ุฉ F1 ูˆF2 ู‡ูŠู‘ู‡ุง ู‡ู„ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ู…ุนุฑู

759
01:19:57,420 --> 01:20:04,100
ู„ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ู‡ุง ุฅูŠู‡ ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†

760
01:20:04,100 --> 01:20:08,140
ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุฒูŠู‘ู‡ ุชุนุฑู ุชุญู„ู‘ูŠ ุงู„ู…ุชุจุงูŠู†ุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจู†ุถูŠู

761
01:20:08,140 --> 01:20:12,980
ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ X ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 4

762
01:20:12,980 --> 01:20:16,580
ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุณู‡ู‘ู„ ุนู„ูŠูƒ ู„ูˆูŠู†ุŸ

763
01:20:18,220 --> 01:20:22,200
ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุณุงู„ุจ 3 ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ุณุงู„ุจ 1 ุฒูŠุฑูˆ 1

764
01:20:22,200 --> 01:20:25,680
2 ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ู…ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฎู„ุงุตุฉ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ

765
01:20:25,680 --> 01:20:29,260
ูˆุงุฎุชู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต 4 ุจุฏู†ุง

766
01:20:29,260 --> 01:20:34,140
ูŠุงู‡ุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ู€ zero ู†ุถูŠู 4 ุนู„ู‰

767
01:20:34,140 --> 01:20:38,700
ุงู„ุทุฑููŠู† ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ

768
01:20:38,700 --> 01:20:43,800
ู„ู„ุทุฑููŠู† ู…ูˆุงูู‚ุŸ ู„ุญุฏ ู‡ู†ุง ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูุณุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡

769
01:20:43,800 -->

801
01:23:57,460 --> 01:24:00,040
ูˆู‡ูŠ very important

802
01:24:06,110 --> 01:24:10,190
ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ู„ู„ composition of functions

803
01:24:10,190 --> 01:24:18,290
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒู†ุชูˆุง ุจุชุณู…ูˆู‡ุง f circle g ุฃูˆ f ุจุนุฏ g ุฃูŠูˆุฉ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง

804
01:24:18,290 --> 01:24:24,530
ุงู„ู€ f ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ g ู…ุง ู„ู‡ ุฃุจุฏุงู‹ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ f ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุทุน ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€

805
01:24:24,530 --> 01:24:29,090
ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ูƒุชุจู†ุง ุชุญุช ุจุฏู‡ ุงู„ุดูŠุก ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุฎู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ g 

806
01:24:29,090 --> 01:24:33,950
ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุตูุฑ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ x ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต 4 ุฃูˆ ุงูƒุชุดู

807
01:24:33,950 --> 01:24:40,360
ุจูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุตูุฑ ุนู†ุฏ x ุงุซู†ูŠู† ูˆ ุณุงู„ุจ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ู„ุฃู†ู‡ 4 ู†ุงู‚ุต 

808
01:24:40,360 --> 01:24:43,580
4 ุจุตูุฑ ู†ุงู‚ุต 2 ูƒู„ ุชุฑุจูŠุน 4 ู†ุงู‚ุต 4

809
01:24:43,580 --> 01:24:47,020
ุจุตูุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุดูŠู„ 2 ูˆ ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ู…ู† ุงู„ู€

810
01:24:47,020 --> 01:24:51,040
interval ุณุงู„ุจ 4 ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ุงุชุญุงุฏ 2 ูˆ 

811
01:24:51,040 --> 01:24:54,760
infinity ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุตูŠุฑ ู…ูุชูˆุญ ุนู†ุฏ ุณุงู„ุจ 2 ูˆ 2

812
01:24:54,760 --> 01:25:03,070
ู„ูŠุณ ุงู„ุฃูุถู„ ู†ุฌูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ู„ุชูƒู…ู„ุฉ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ู‰ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ

813
01:25:03,070 --> 01:25:08,450
ุงู„ู€ composite functions ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุงู„ุฏุงู„ูŠ ู„ุญุงุฌุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€

814
01:25:08,450 --> 01:25:12,130
composite functions

815
01:25:12,130 --> 01:25:15,250
definition

816
01:25:15,250 --> 01:25:18,310
F

817
01:25:18,310 --> 01:25:25,130
ุงู„ู€ F ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู€ G R

818
01:25:26,470 --> 01:25:34,830
two functions recomposite

819
01:25:34,830 --> 01:25:38,430
function

820
01:25:38,430 --> 01:25:45,410
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุตู„ุฉ ู„ู„ู€ F composition

821
01:25:45,410 --> 01:25:49,670
G is defined by

822
01:25:55,990 --> 01:26:02,750
ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู†ุช ุงู„ู€ composition ุฌูŠ ูƒู…ุนุงู…ู„ุฉ ู…ู† X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ F

823
01:26:02,750 --> 01:26:20,990
ู„ู„ู€ ุฌูŠ ู…ู† X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู† X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ุฌูŠ ู…ุฑุฉ

824
01:26:20,990 --> 01:26:21,370
ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ

825
01:26:24,890 --> 01:26:29,170
ุงู„ู€ composite function ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุงุตู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ 

826
01:26:29,170 --> 01:26:34,890
ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจูŠุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฏุงู„ุชูŠู† ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฑูƒุจ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุฏุงู„ุฉ

827
01:26:34,890 --> 01:26:39,050
ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุฏุงู„ุฉ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุชูŠู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุฃูˆ ุซู„ุงุซ

828
01:26:39,050 --> 01:26:42,410
ุฏูˆู„ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฑูƒุจ ู…ู†ู‡ู… ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฃูˆ ุฃุฑุจุนุฉ ุฃูˆ ู…ุง ุฅู„ู‰ ุฐู„ูƒ

829
01:26:48,990 --> 01:26:54,130
ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ุชุฑูƒูŠุจูŠุฉ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุญุตู„ุฉ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนุทูŠู‡ุง ุฑู…ุฒ

830
01:26:54,130 --> 01:26:59,890
F circle G ูƒู†ุชูˆุง ุจุชู‚ุฑุงูˆู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูˆูŠ F ุจุนุฏ G ุฃูˆ F

831
01:26:59,890 --> 01:27:08,950
circle G ููŠ ุนู„ู…ู†ุง F composition G F composition G

832
01:27:08,950 --> 01:27:12,390
Circle ุจุณ ุนุดุงู†ู‡ุง ุฏุงุฆุฑุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ Circle ุฃู…ุง ููŠ

833
01:27:12,390 --> 01:27:17,550
ุงู„ุญู‚ูŠู‚ุฉ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ F composition G is defined by

834
01:27:17,550 --> 01:27:24,670
ุจู†ุนุฑูู‡ุง ูƒุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ F composition G of X ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ F of G of

835
01:27:24,670 --> 01:27:29,470
X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู† X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ูˆูŠู† ููŠ Domain ุงู„ู€ G ุฎู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ูƒ

836
01:27:29,470 --> 01:27:34,200
ู…ุนุงูŠุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ุขู† ุฃู†ุง ุจู‚ูˆู„ if composition D of X ู…ูŠู†

837
01:27:34,200 --> 01:27:39,740
ุฃู‚ุฑุจ ูˆุงุญุฏ ุนู„ู‰ XุŸ if ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฌูŠ ู‡ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰

838
01:27:39,740 --> 01:27:45,780
X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ X ู„ุงุฒู… ุชูƒูˆู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ G ุญุชู‰ ุชู‚ุฏุฑ ุชุฃุซุฑ 

839
01:27:45,780 --> 01:27:52,730
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุทูŠุจ ุฃุซุฑู†ุง ุจู€ G ุนู„ู‰ X ุตุงุฑุช ู…ูŠู†ุŸ G of X ุฅุฐุงู‹ G 

840
01:27:52,730 --> 01:27:58,610
of X ุตุงุฑ element ุฌุฏูŠุฏ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุฉ F ุญุชู‰

841
01:27:58,610 --> 01:28:03,810
ุชู‚ุฏุฑ F ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ู†ูˆุถุญ ู„ูƒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจุงู„ุฑุณู… ู„ูˆ

842
01:28:03,810 --> 01:28:11,250
ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู‡ู†ุง Set ูˆุงู„ุณุช ุณู…ูŠุชู‡ุง A ูˆุงู„ุณุช ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุณู…ูŠุชู‡ุง B

843
01:28:11,250 --> 01:28:19,800
ูˆุงู„ุณุช ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉ ุณู…ูŠุชู‡ุง C ุฎู„ูŠ ุจุงู„ูƒ ู…ุนุงูŠุง ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุงู„ุขู† ู…ู† A

844
01:28:19,800 --> 01:28:29,960
ุฅู„ู‰ B ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง G ู…ู† B ุฅู„ู‰ C ููŠ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฏุงู„ุฉ

845
01:28:29,960 --> 01:28:39,330
ุงุณู…ู‡ุง F ุงู„ุขู† ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุนู†ุฏูŠ element ู‡ู†ุง ุงุณู…ู‡ X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 

846
01:28:39,330 --> 01:28:44,250
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ element ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Domain ุฅุฐุง ุฌูŠ ุจุชุฃุซุฑ

847
01:28:44,250 --> 01:28:49,270
ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„ ุนู†ุงุตุฑ A ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ element ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 

848
01:28:49,270 --> 01:28:55,230
ุฌูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุชุญุซ .. ู„ู…ุง ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ X ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ู„ู‡ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ููŠ B 

849
01:28:55,230 --> 01:29:02,650
ุงุณู…ู‡ุง G of X ู‡ูŠ ุตูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู€ Element X ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ 

850
01:29:02,650 --> 01:29:09,410
ููŠ A ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ุง ุธู‡ุฑุช ููŠ B ุจูŠ ู‡ูˆ Domain ู…ูŠู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู€ F

851
01:29:09,410 --> 01:29:14,170
ู‡ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ element ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Domainู‡ุง 

852
01:29:14,170 --> 01:29:21,630
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Domainู‡ุง ูˆุชุฎู„ูŠ ุตูˆุฑุชู‡ ู‡ู†ุง F of ุงู„ู€

853
01:29:21,630 --> 01:29:26,710
element ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Domainู‡ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ G of X

854
01:29:26,710 --> 01:29:34,270
ูˆูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุจูŠู‡ ู…ู‡ู‘ุฏู‘ูŠ ู…ุด ู‡ุชุธู‡ุฑ ูƒุฃู†ู‡ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ู€ X ุจุฏู‡

855
01:29:34,270 --> 01:29:39,390
ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู€ element ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุณู…ู‡ F of 

856
01:29:39,390 --> 01:29:47,110
G of X ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ F composition G of X ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณูˆูŠ F of

857
01:29:47,110 --> 01:29:59,300
G of X ุทูŠุจ ุณุคุงู„ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู€ F composition G ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ G

858
01:29:59,300 --> 01:30:04,600
composition FุŸ ูุฑู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุณู…ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃุฑุถ ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ element

859
01:30:04,600 --> 01:30:06,840
ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Domain ุงู„ู€ G ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ element ููŠ ุงู„ู€

860
01:30:06,840 --> 01:30:14,640
Domain ุงู„ู€ F ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ 

861
01:30:14,640 --> 01:30:19,940
ุจู‚ูˆู„ู‡ ู‡ู†ุง in general ุนู„ู‰ ูˆุฌู‡ ุงู„ุนู…ูˆู… ุงู„ู€ F 

862
01:30:19,940 --> 01:30:23,920
composition G ู„ุง ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ G composition F ุงู„ุณุคุงู„

863
01:30:23,920 --> 01:30:30,790
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ุงุญู†ุง ุฌุจู†ุง ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฏุงู„ุชูŠู† ุงู„ุฃุตู„ูŠุชูŠู† 

864
01:30:30,790 --> 01:30:35,650
ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ูƒู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ู‚ู„ูŠู„ ุจู†ุถูŠู ุฏุงู„ุฉ ุฌุฏูŠุฏุฉ ุฅุฐุง ุจุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู€ 

865
01:30:35,650 --> 01:30:40,570
Domain ุชุจุนู‡ุง ูˆุงูุชุญ ู„ูŠ ูƒูˆูŠุณ ู„ุฅู† ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุจุงุจ ุจูŠุถู„ูˆุง 

866
01:30:40,570 --> 01:30:44,690
ูŠุณุฃู„ูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ุฌุฏุง ุจุณ ู…ุด ุนุงุฑู ู„ูŠุด

867
01:30:44,690 --> 01:30:49,990
ุจูŠูƒุชุฑูˆุง ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ู€ Domain ุจุชุงุจุน 

868
01:30:49,990 --> 01:30:56,690
ุงู„ู€ F composition G ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนุฑูู‡ ุชุนุฑูŠู ู…ูŠู† ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุขู† ู‡ุฐู‡ 

869
01:30:56,690 --> 01:31:02,920
ู…ุดุงู† ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ element ุจุฏูŠ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ X 

870
01:31:02,920 --> 01:31:07,400
ูˆู‡ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุŸ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ุฌูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ูƒู„

871
01:31:07,400 --> 01:31:14,580
ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู† X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ุฌูŠ ูˆููŠ ู†ูุณ

872
01:31:14,580 --> 01:31:20,840
ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช and ุงู„ู€ G of X ู‡ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุŸ ููŠ Domain

873
01:31:20,840 --> 01:31:26,760
ุงู„ู€ F ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ู€ F ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุชุนุฑูŠู ุชุจุน

874
01:31:26,760 --> 01:31:32,240
ุงู„ู€ composition ูˆู„ุง ุฑุฆุงุณุฉ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ 

875
01:31:32,240 --> 01:31:36,420
Domain ุงู„ู€ G ุตุงุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ G of X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ G of X ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู†

876
01:31:36,420 --> 01:31:41,820
ูˆุฃู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ู€ F ุฎู„ุต ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุจุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ู…ุด

877
01:31:41,820 --> 01:31:46,480
ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ู‡ูˆ ูƒูŠู ุงุชุทุจู‚ ู„ู…ูŠู† ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุฅุฐุง ุณู†ุฐู‡ุจ ุฅู„ู‰ 

878
01:31:46,480 --> 01:31:52,800
ู…ุซุงู„ ู…ุจุงุดุฑุฉ example ุนุงุฏูŠ 

879
01:31:52,800 --> 01:31:58,590
ู†ุซุจุช ุงู„ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ู†ู…ุดูŠ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุง ูŠุฃุชูŠ 

880
01:31:58,590 --> 01:32:05,250
let ูุจุฑุถ ู‡ุฃุนุทูŠูƒ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุจุฏู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ูˆูƒู„

881
01:32:05,250 --> 01:32:11,550
ูˆุงุญุฏ ูู†ูŠ ุจูŠุฎุชู„ู ุนู† ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ ูุงูุชุญู‡ ูƒูˆูŠุณ ูˆุฏู‚ู‚ ู…ุนู‡ let

882
01:32:11,550 --> 01:32:25,910
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ f of x ุจุฏู„ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ x ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต 1 and ุงู„ู€ G of X ุจุฏูŠ 

883
01:32:25,910 --> 01:32:42,290
ุฃุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ Square Root ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู†ุงู‚ุต ุงู„ู€ X ู†ู…ุฑุง

884
01:32:42,290 --> 01:32:50,790
A ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ F composition G ู†ู…ุฑุง B ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ G

885
01:32:50,790 --> 01:32:59,780
composition F ู†ู…ุฑุฉ C ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ G composition G ู†ู…ุฑุฉ D

886
01:32:59,780 --> 01:33:09,900
ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ Domain ุงู„ู€ F composition G and Domain ุงู„ู€ G 

887
01:33:09,900 --> 01:33:11,620
composition G

888
01:33:40,400 --> 01:33:45,080
ู‡ู„ุง ู…ุงู„ูƒ ู‡ู†ุง ุงูุชุญ ู…ุนุงูŠุง ูƒูˆูŠุณ ู…ุด ู‡ุดูˆู ูƒูŠู ุจู†ุญุณุจ

889
01:33:45,080 --> 01:33:52,760
ุงู„ุดุบู„ุงุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฏู†ุง F composition g as a

890
01:33:52,760 --> 01:34:01,240
function of x ุดูˆ ุดูƒู„ู‡ุŸ ูุจุฌูŠ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ุดูƒู„ู‡ ูƒุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ F of G

891
01:34:01,240 --> 01:34:08,380
of X ุทุจุนุง ุงู„ุขู† G of X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุจุดูŠู„ G of X

892
01:34:08,380 --> 01:34:15,240
ูˆ ุจุญุท ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ู…ูƒุงู†ู‡ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ F of ุงู„ู€ G of X ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†

893
01:34:15,240 --> 01:34:22,680
ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต ุงู„ู€ X ุจุนุฏูƒ ุงุณู…ุน

894
01:34:22,680 --> 01:34:29,540
ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู‡ู†ุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ F ู„ู…ุง ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ู…ุฑุจุน 

895
01:34:29,540 --> 01:34:34,860
ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ ู…ุทุฑูˆุญ ู…ู†ู‡ 1 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ F ู„ู…ุง ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ

896
01:34:34,860 --> 01:34:42,020
ู…ุฑุจุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ ู…ุทุฑูˆุญ ู…ู†ู‡ 1 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุจุฏู‡ 

897
01:34:42,020 --> 01:34:49,440
ูŠุตูŠุฑ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต X ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ูƒู„ ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุจุฏู‡ ุฃุดูŠู„ ู…ู†ู‡

898
01:34:49,440 --> 01:34:56,580
1 ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุดูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠุŸ ู‡ุฐุง 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต X

899
01:34:56,580 --> 01:35:02,080
ู†ุงู‚ุต 1 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ 4 ู†ุงู‚ุต X

900
01:35:05,260 --> 01:35:09,560
ุจู†ูุณ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ

901
01:35:09,560 --> 01:35:22,360
ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ ุฌูŠ

902
01:35:22,360 --> 01:35:25,980
ุฌูŠ

903
01:35:34,480 --> 01:35:39,840
ุงู„ุขู† ุฌูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ 

904
01:35:39,840 --> 01:35:45,860
ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ

905
01:35:45,860 --> 01:35:53,760
ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ ู„ู€ X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ู†ุงู‚ุต

906
01:35:53,760 --> 01:36:02,260
1 ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต X ุชุฑุจูŠุน 

907
01:36:02,260 --> 01:36:10,200
ุฒุงุฆุฏ 1 ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ 6 ู†ุงู‚ุต X ุชุฑุจูŠุน ุงู„ู„ูŠ

908
01:36:10,200 --> 01:36:16,560
ู…ุง ูู‡ู…ุด ูŠุชุงุจุน ู…ุนุงู‡ ู†ู…ุฑุฉ C ุจุฏูŠ ุฌูŠ composition ุฌูŠ

909
01:36:16,560 --> 01:36:23,070
ูƒุฐู„ูƒ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจูŠุถู„ู‘ ู‡ูˆ ูŠุถุฑุจ ูˆู„ุง ู„ูˆุญุฏู‡ุŒ ุจุฏู„ ุงู„ุณุคุงู„ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ

910
01:36:23,070 --> 01:36:32,170
ุนู„ู‰ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ู…ูู‡ูˆู… ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง G ู„ู€ G of X ูŠุจู‚ู‰ G ู„ุฃุŒ

911
01:36:32,170 --> 01:36:35,670
ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุดูŠู„ ุงู„ู€ G of X ูˆ ุฃุญุท ู‚ูŠู…ุชู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ

912
01:36:35,670 --> 01:36:44,560
ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ู†ุงู‚ุต X ูˆูƒุฃู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ element ูƒู„ู‡ ุฃุตุจุญ

913
01:36:44,560 --> 01:36:50,000
ุนู†ุตุฑ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ู€ G ุฌูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุงุชุฃุซุฑ ุนู„ู‰ ุนู†ุตุฑ

914
01:36:50,000 --> 01:36:54,180
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠ Domainู‡ุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ 5

915
01:36:54,180 --> 01:37:00,420
ู†ุงู‚ุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ

916
01:37:00,420 --> 01:37:09,240
ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู†ุตุฑ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต X ูˆุงุถุญุŸ ู‡ุงูŠ ุจุฏู„

917
01:37:09,240 --> 01:37:12,980
ุณุคุงู„ ุงุซู†ูŠู† ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุญู„ู‘ูŠู†ุง ู„ูƒ ูƒูŠู ุชุญุณุจ F ุงู„ู€

918
01:37:12,980 --> 01:37:18,500
composition ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุฎู„ุตู†ุง A ูˆ B ูˆ C ุงู„ุขู† ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุฌูŠุจ

919
01:37:18,500 --> 01:37:22,820
ุงู„ู€ Domain ุจุดุงู† ู†ุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ Domain ุจุฏู†ุง Domain ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ 

920
01:37:22,820 --> 01:37:28,320
ููŠู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู„ุจุงู‚ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ Domain 

921
01:37:28,320 --> 01:37:36,670
ุงู„ู€ F ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ R ูƒูุงูŠุฉ ููŠ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ู„ูู‡ุง ุฏูŠ ู…ุด ู…ุนุฑูุฉ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุง

922
01:37:36,670 --> 01:37:42,590
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุง ูƒู„ ุงู„ู€ Real Number ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ

923
01:37:42,590 --> 01:37:51,010
Infinity ุฅู„ู‰ Infinity ู…ุงุดูŠ ุจุฏู†ุง Domain ุงู„ู€ ุฌูŠ ูƒู„ 

924
01:37:51,010 --> 01:37:56,770
ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ R ุจุฏูŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ู‚ูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุชุญุช ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑุฉ

925
01:37:56,770 --> 01:38:03,550
ุชุจู‚ู‰ ู…ุงู„ู‡ุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ Zero ุจุฏูŠ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ 

926
01:38:03,550 --> 01:38:10,010
ู†ุงู‚ุต X greater than or equal to Zero ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒู„

927
01:38:10,010 --> 01:38:22,820
ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู† ูŠุจู‚ู‰ X ุฃู‚ู„ 

928
01:38:22,820 --> 01:38:30,340
ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ุชุณุงูˆูŠ 5 ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ Infinity ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ 5 

929
01:38:37,960 --> 01:38:42,280
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฌุจู†ุง ุงู„ู€ two Domains ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุญู„ูŠู†ุง ุงู„ู…ุนุถู„ุฉ ูˆ

930
01:38:42,280 --> 01:38:46,840
ุจู„ุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฅู„ุง ุฃุญุณุจ ูƒุฏู‡ ุงู„ู€ Domain ุชุจุน ูƒู„ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ููŠู‡ู…

931
01:38:46,840 --> 01:38:53,100
ุฅุฐุง ุจู†ุฌูŠ ู„ู†ู…ุฑุฉ D ุจุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€ Domain ุจุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ F

932
01:38:53,100 --> 01:38:56,380
composition G ูˆู„ุง ุงู„ู€ G composition .. ุงู„ู€ F

933
01:38:56,380 --> 01:39:04,470
composition G ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู† X 

934
01:39:04,470 --> 01:39:11,790
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ู€ G and ุงู„ู€ G of X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Domain 

935
01:39:11,790 --> 01:39:17,630
ุงู„ู€ F ู…ุด ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุจุฏุฃ ู†ุทุจู‚ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุงูุชุญู‡ 

936
01:39:17,630 --> 01:39:23,570
ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุทุจู‚ ุงู„ุชุนุฑูŠู ุงู„ู€ X ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Domain

937
01:39:23,570 --> 01:39:30,210
ุงู„ู€ ุฌูŠ ูˆูŠู† Domain ุงู„ู€ ุฌูŠุŸ ุฃูŠู‘ู‡ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ Infinity 

938
01:39:30,210 --> 01:39:38,180
ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ 5 ูˆููŠ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูˆู‚ุช and ุงู„ู€ G of X ู‡ูŠ

939
01:39:38,180 --> 01:39:44,440
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต X

940
01:39:44,440 --> 01:39:49,380
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ู€ F Domain ุงู„ู€ F ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู„ุฃ ูˆูŠู† ู…ู† 

941
01:39:49,380 --> 01:39:57,400
ุณุงู„ุจ Infinity ุฅู„ู‰ Infinity ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ุญุฑููŠ

942
01:39:57,400 --> 01:40:01,860
ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุฎู„ุตู†ุง ุงู„ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ุงู„ุญุฑููŠ ุจุฏู‘ู‡ ุงู„ู…ุฎ ูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุดุชุบู„

943
01:40:02,300 --> 01:40:08,840
ุจู†ุดูˆู ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุดุชุบู„ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุง ุดุจุงุจ ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠู‘ X

944
01:40:08,840 --> 01:40:12,360
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ Infinity ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุง ููŠุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ 

945
01:40:12,360 --> 01:40:18,500
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู‡ูˆ ู‡ู†ุง ู…ุฏุงู… X ู‡ู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุทู„ุน X ู‡ู†ุง ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ

946
01:40:18,500 --> 01:40:23,670
ูุชุฑุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุชู‚ุงุทุน ุจูŠู† ุงู„ูุชุฑุชูŠู† ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฎู„ุตู†ุงุŒ 

947
01:40:23,670 --> 01:40:29,090
ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ุทูŠุจ ู…ุดุงู† ู†ุฎู„ุต ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ููŠู‡ ู‚ุจู„ู‡ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ

948
01:40:29,090 --> 01:40:35,530
ุณุงู„ุจุŸ ู…ุง ููŠุด ู‚ุจู„ู‡ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฐุง ููŠู‡ ุฌุฒุก ู…ูˆุฌุจ

949
01:40:35,530 --> 01:40:42,030
ูˆ ุฌุฒุก ุณุงู„ุจ ุฅุฐุง ู„ุง ูŠู…ูƒู† ู„ู‡ุฐุง ูŠุงุฎุฐ ู„ูŠ ุฃูŠ ู‚ูŠู…ุฉ ู‚ุจู„ ุงู„ู€

950
01:40:42,030 --> 01:40:47,770
Zero ุตุญ ูˆู„ุง ู„ุงุŸ ุจุณ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠูƒูˆู† Zero ู…ุธุจูˆุทุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ 

951
01:40:47,770 --> 01:40:55,230
ู…ุนู†ู‰ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… and ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต X 

952
01:40:55,230 --> 01:41:03,830
ุจุฏู‘ู‡ ูŠูƒูˆู† ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ Zero ุณูƒุช ุงู„ุดุนุจ ูˆุณูƒุช 

953
01:41:03,830 --> 01:41:10,020
ุฃู‡ู„ ุงู„ูƒู‡ู ุทูŠุจ ุฎู„ูŠูƒู… ู…ุนุงู‡ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู…ุฑุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ

954
01:41:10,020 --> 01:41:14,380
ุตุญ ุตุญ ู‡ุฐู‡ very important ุจุชุฌูŠุจู‡ุง ู„ุงู…ุชุญุงู†ุงุช ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุตุญ

955
01:41:14,380 --> 01:41:20,460
ุตุญ ู…ุนุงูŠุง ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุงู„ุญูŠู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ู†ุฒู„ุช ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุชู…ุงู… ู‡ุฐู‡

956
01:41:20,460 --> 01:41:25,180
ุงู„ู€ G of X ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ Domain ุงู„ู€ F ูƒุชุจู†ุง 

957
01:41:25,180 --> 01:41:31,800
Domain ุงู„ู€ F ู‡ู„ ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ู…ุณุจูˆู‚ ุจุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุณุงู„ุจุŸ ู„ุง ูŠุนู†ูŠ

958
01:41:31,800 --> 01:41:37,040
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุง ูŠุงุฎุฐ ุฅู„ุง ู‚ูŠู…ู‹ุง ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 

959
01:41:37,040 --> 01:41:41,620
Infinity ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ Zero ูŠุจุนุซ ู„ูƒ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ุตุญุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูŠุจุฏูˆ

960
01:41:41,620 --> 01:41:47,860
ูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู…ู† Zero ุฅู„ู‰ Infinity ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ู‡ุŒ

961
01:41:47,860 --> 01:41:54,220
ู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ุง ูƒุฎุทูˆุท ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† Zero ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ 

962
01:41:54,220 --> 01:42:00,450
Infinity ุฃุธู† ู…ุง ููŠุด ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ู‡ู†ุงุŸ ุฎู„ุตู†ุงุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ

963
01:42:00,450 --> 01:42:06,610
ูู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ู‚ุจู„ู‡ ุฅุดุงุฑุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ ุจุฑูˆุญ ุจุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ 

964
01:42:06,610 --> 01:42:10,410
Infinity ุฅู„ู‰ ูˆูŠู†ุŸ ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ Zero ูˆ ุจุญุซุช ู‡ุฐู‡ุŸ

965
01:42:14,690 --> 01:42:20,690
ุจู†ุฒู„ู‡ุง ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู…ุด ู‡ุบูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ุง ูˆู„ุง ุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง 

966
01:42:20,690 --> 01:42:26,150
ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ ุฅู† ุงู„ุฌุฐุฑ ุงู„ุชุฑุจูŠุนูŠ ู„ู€ 5 ู†ุงู‚ุต X ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ 

967
01:42:26,150 --> 01:42:31,700
ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ Zero ู…ุธู‡ุฑุŸ ู…ุด ุนุงุฑู ู…ุนู†ุงู‡ุงุŸ ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุฏุฃ

968
01:42:31,700 --> 01:42:39,360
ุชู†ุฒู„ ูƒู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ูˆู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุขู† ู†ุฑุจุน ู„ู„ุทุฑููŠู† ุจุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏูƒ 5 

969
01:42:39,360 --> 01:42:46,000
ู†ุงู‚ุต X greater than or equal to Zero ู†ุฒู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง 

970
01:42:46,000 --> 01:42:54,800
ู‡ูŠู‘ and ู‡ุงุช ู„ูŠ X ู„ู„ุทุฑููŠู† ุจุตูŠุฑ ู…ุงู„ู‡ุง 5 ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ 

971
01:42:54,800 --> 01:43:00,290
ุชุณุงูˆูŠ ุงู„ู€ X ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ูŠู†ุŸ ู†ูุณ ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ูŠุนู†ูŠ

972
01:4

1001
01:46:17,990 --> 01:46:21,290
ุงู„ุณุงู„ุจ X ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ

1002
01:46:33,500 --> 01:46:39,400
ุทูŠุจ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุจุงู„ุตูŠุฑ ุชู†ุฒู„ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุฒูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ู‡ุงุฏูŠ ุฅู† ุงุถุฑุจ

1003
01:46:39,400 --> 01:46:46,410
ูƒู„ู‡ ููŠ ุดุฑ ุงู„ุณู„ุจ ู„ุฃู† ุฃู†ุง ุจุฏูŠ ุฃูƒุณุจ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌุจ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุฃูƒุจุฑ 

1004
01:46:46,410 --> 01:46:55,830
ู…ู† X ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆุฌูู„ู†ุง ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡

1005
01:46:55,830 --> 01:47:02,550
ุตุงุฑุช ูƒู„ ุงู„ุนู†ุงุตุฑ X ุจุญูŠุซ ุฃู† X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ

1006
01:47:02,550 --> 01:47:06,910
Infinity ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ and

1007
01:47:09,950 --> 01:47:15,990
ุงู„ู€ X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ุทู„ุน ู‡ุฐู‡ ุจุชุธุจุทู‡ุง ุฃูƒุจุฑ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุณุงู„ุจ

1008
01:47:15,990 --> 01:47:19,950
ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุจู†ูƒุชุจู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„

1009
01:47:19,950 --> 01:47:28,850
ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ุง ู„ู‡ุง ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ X

1010
01:47:28,850 --> 01:47:45,470
ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† ุฃูˆ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุฌู„ุจุช ุจุณ ุงู„ูˆุถุน X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ

1011
01:47:45,470 --> 01:47:54,890
ููŠ ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏ ู‡ุฐุง

1012
01:47:54,890 --> 01:48:02,570
ุงู„ู€ real line ู‡ุฐุง ู…ู† ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุจุฏุฃ ุชุฑุฌุน ู„ูŠู†ุŸ ู„ู„

1013
01:48:02,570 --> 01:48:08,150
infinity ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠุฌูŠู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ู‡ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุงู„ู€ zero ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ X

1014
01:48:08,150 --> 01:48:13,310
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ู…ู† ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆูŠู† ุจุฏุฃ

1015
01:48:13,310 --> 01:48:19,010
ุชุฌูŠู†ุงุŸ ุชุฌูŠู†ุง ู‡ู†ุง ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ 

1016
01:48:19,010 --> 01:48:26,830
ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู‡ุฐู‡ ูู‚ุท ู„ุง ุบูŠุฑ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู…ู† ู‡ู†ุง ู‡ูƒ ู„ู‡ู†ุง ุฃูŠู† ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ 

1017
01:48:26,830 --> 01:48:32,710
ุงู„ู…ุดุชุฑูƒุฉ ุจูŠู†ู‡ู…ุŸ ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ุฏุบุงูŠุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ูƒุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡

1018
01:48:32,710 --> 01:48:42,150
X ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุณุงู„ุจ Infinity ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ุชู‚ุงุทุน ุงู„ูุชุฑุฉ ุณุงู„ุจ

1019
01:48:42,150 --> 01:48:50,850
ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆุฎู…ุณุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุจุฏู‡ ูŠุณุงูˆูŠ ุนู†ู‡ ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ูˆู„ุบุงูŠุฉ

1020
01:48:50,850 --> 01:48:56,530
ุฎู…ุณุฉุŒ ุณุงู„ุจ ุนุดุฑูŠู† ู„ุบุงูŠุฉ ุฎู…ุณุฉุŒ ุฎู„ุงุตุŸ ูˆุงุถุญ ุนุธู… ุงู„ุดุบู„ 

1021
01:48:56,530 --> 01:49:02,090
ู‡ูŠูƒุŸ ุทูŠุจุŒ ู„ุณู‡ ู„ุง ูŠุฒุงู„ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ู…ุซุงู„ูŠู† ููƒุฑุชู‡ู… ููŠ ู†ูุณ

1022
01:49:02,090 --> 01:49:05,810
ุงู„ู…ูˆุถูˆุน ุจุณ ุจุฃููƒุงุฑ ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ู‡ุนุทูŠูƒูˆุง ุงู„ุนุฒู