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ุงู„ุณู„ุงู… ุนู„ูŠูƒู… ูˆุฑุญู…ุฉ ุงู„ู„ู‡ ูˆุจุฑูƒุงุชู‡ุŒ ูŠุนุทูŠูƒู… ุงู„ุนุงููŠุฉ
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ุฌู…ูŠุนู‹ุง ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ู…ุญุงุถุฑุชู†ุง ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ุจุนู†ูˆุงู† ยซุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ
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ุชุณุชุฃู†ู... ู†ุจุฏุฃ ุจู€ Introduction ุจุณูŠุทุฉ. ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ is a
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monosaccharide found in fruits and also derived
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from the breakdown of carbohydrates in the diet
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and the conversion of glycogen by the liver. ุจุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ ุฅู†
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ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู‡ูˆ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุณูƒุฑ ุฃุญุงุฏูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ fruitsุŒ
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ููŠ ุงู„ููˆุงูƒู‡ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุงุญู†ุง ุชู†ุงูˆู„ู†ุง fruitsุŒ ู…ุนู†ู‰
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ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุฃูƒู„ ุฃูˆ ุจู†ุชู†ุงูˆู„ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ. ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ
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ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ dietุŒ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุฃุฎุต ุฅุฐุง
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ุฃูƒู„ู†ุง carbohydrates. ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู„ุณูƒุฑ
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ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู‡ูˆ ุฃู† ู†ูŽุชู†ุงูˆู„ ุฃูƒู„ุงุชุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุฃุฎุต ุงู„ู€
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carbohydrates. ุฃูŠุถู‹ุงุŒ ููŠ ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุขุฎุฑ ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ ู„ู…ุง
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ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ูŠุฃูƒู„ ุฃูƒู„ุงุชุŒ ุฌุณู…ู‡ ู…ู„ูŠุก ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุทุจุนู‹ุงุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฒูŠุงุฏุฉ
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ููŠ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุณุชุฒูŠุฏุŒ ูู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซ ู„ู„ุฌุณู…ุŸ ูŠุตุจุญ ุงู„ุฌุณู…
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ูˆุจุงู„ุฃุฎุต ุงู„ูƒุจุฏ (liver)ุŒ ูŠุฎุฒู† ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ูุงุฆุถุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูŠุฎุฒู†ู‡
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ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ุฌู„ูŠูƒูˆุฌูŠู†. ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู‡ูˆ ุณูƒุฑ ุฃุญุงุฏูŠุŒ ุจุดูƒู„
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ุฃุณุงุณูŠุŒ ู„ู‡ ู…ุตุฏุฑูŠู†: ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ ูˆุงู„ุฃู‡ู… ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ูŽุญุตู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡
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ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ dietุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฃูƒู„ุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุฃุฎุต ุงู„ูƒุฑุจูˆู‡ูŠุฏุฑุงุช. ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ
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ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุŒ ุฃู†ู‡ ุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุฃูƒู„ู†ุงุŒ ุงู„ูุงุฆุถ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู…
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ูŠูุฎุฒู‘ู† ุนู„ู‰ ุดูƒู„ ุฌู„ูŠูƒูˆุฌูŠู† ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ู€ liver ู„ูˆู‚ุช
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ุงู„ุญุงุฌุฉุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู†ู‚ุทุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ: ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ is the body's main
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source for cellular energy and brain function. ูŠูุนุชุจุฑ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
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ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู…ุตุฏุฑ ุงู„ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู„ู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุฌุณู…
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ุนุดุงู† ุชุดุชุบู„ุŒ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ ุจุฏู‡ุง energyุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡
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ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ู…ู† ุฃูŠู† ุชุญุตู„ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŸ ู…ู† ุชู†ุงูˆู„ู†ุง
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ู„ู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ู„ู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุถู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุฏู…ุงุบ
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ูˆุฌู…ูŠุน ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ุฌุณู… ุจุญุงุฌุฉ ุฅู„ู‰ ุทุงู‚ุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุงู‚ุฉ ู…ุตุฏุฑู‡ุง
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ุชู†ุงูˆู„ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ. Glucose level in the body is regulated by
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insulin, because insulin lowers the glucose level, and
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glucagon, adrenaline, and cortisol cause elevation of
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the glucose level. ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง: ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุนู†ุฏ
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ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุณู„ูŠู…ุŒ ูŠูุชุฑุถ ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ balanceุŒ ููŠ ุญุงู„ุฉ
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ุชูˆุงุฒู†ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆู„ุงุฒู… ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ุจู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู… ู…ุนูŠู†ุŒ
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ูŠุญุงูุธ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู†ุญู† ุฌู…ูŠุนู‹ุง ู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ู„ูˆ
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ุฃุฑุฏู†ุง ุฃู† ู†ุฌุฑูŠ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฌุจ
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ุฃู† ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ุง ุจูŠู† 70 ุฅู„ู‰ 110 milligram per deciliter. ู…ู…ู†ูˆุน
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ุฃู† ูŠุฒูŠุฏ ุฃูˆ ูŠู‚ู„. ุทูŠุจุŒ ู„ูˆ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุฒุงุฏ ุนู† 110ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุชูŽ
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ุฃูƒู„ุชูŽ carbohydrates ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ุณูŠูุนู„ ุฌุณู…ูƒุŸ ูƒุฑุฏุฉ ูุนู„
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ุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉุŒ ูŠุชู… ุฅูุฑุงุฒ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†. ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†
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ูŠูุฎูุถ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…. ุฅุฐุง ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู† ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ูŠุชู…
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ุฅูุฑุงุฒู‡ ุฅุฐุง ุฒุงุฏ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู… ุนู† ุงู„ูˆุถุน
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ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ูŠุฃุชูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ูˆูŠุฃุฎุฐ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ
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ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ูˆูŠุจุฏุฃ ูŠุฏุฎู„ู‡ ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ูˆุชุฎุฒู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุงุช ููŠ
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ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง. ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง ุชุฎุฒู†ุŒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡
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ููŠ ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุชู‡ุง ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ. ู„ูƒู† ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ูˆุงู„ุนูƒุณุŒ ุฃู†ู‡
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ู„ูˆ ู„ุณุจุจ ู…ุง ุญุฏุซ ุนู†ุฏู†ุง ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุงู†ุฎูุถ
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ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 70ุŒ ู„ุฑุจู…ุง ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต ู„ุง ูŠุฃูƒู„ ุณูƒุฑูŠุงุชุŒ ู„ุง
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ูŠุฃูƒู„ carbohydratesุŒ ุงู†ุฎูุถ ุนู†ุฏู‡ุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซุŸ
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ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุงู„ุฌุณู… ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจุฅูุฑุงุฒ ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช
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ุงู„ู€ glucagonุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ adrenalineุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ cortisol. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ
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ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช ุชูุณุงู‡ู… ููŠ ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…. ุชุญุณุณ
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ุจุงู†ุฎูุงุถุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุญุฏุซุŸ ุชุฑูุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ
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ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุจู…ูŠูƒุงู†ูŠุฒู…ุงุช ู…ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ุณุชุฃุฎุฐูˆู†ู‡ุง ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุชุฃุฎุฐูˆู†
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ุฏูˆุฑุฉ ุงู„ู‡ุฑู…ูˆู†ุงุช. The various disorders in
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carbohydrate metabolism may be grouped into
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00:04:50,960 --> 00:04:56,120
several categories, dependent primarily on
58
00:04:56,120 --> 00:05:00,000
laboratory findings. ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ ู‡ู†ุง ุฃู† ุงู„ู€
59
00:05:00,000 --> 00:05:04,000
carbohydrate metabolismุŒ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ
60
00:05:04,000 --> 00:05:08,900
ูˆุชู†ุธูŠู… ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง disorderุŒ ูŠุญุฏุซ ููŠู‡ุง
61
00:05:08,900 --> 00:05:13,460
ู…ุดุงูƒู„. ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุดูƒู„ุชุงู† ุฃุณุงุณูŠุชุงู†ุŒ ุดุบู„ุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
62
00:05:13,460 --> 00:05:17,320
hyperglycemiaุŒ ูˆุดุบู„ุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง hypoglycemia.
63
00:05:18,790 --> 00:05:23,430
ุงู„ู€ hyperglycemia ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง:
64
00:05:23,430 --> 00:05:29,130
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ hyperglycemia.
65
00:05:29,130 --> 00:05:29,890
ุงู„ู€ hyperglycemia ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง:
66
00:05:29,890 --> 00:05:34,350
ุงู„ู€ hyperglycemia ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง:
67
00:05:34,350 --> 00:05:36,550
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ hyperglycemia.
68
00:05:36,550 --> 00:05:37,050
ุงู„ู€ hyperglycemia ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง:
69
00:05:37,050 --> 00:05:38,790
ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ู†ุณู…ูŠู‡ hyperglycemia.
70
00:05:38,790 --> 00:05:41,530
ุงู„ู€ hyperglycemia ู‡ูŠ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉุŒ ูˆุชุนุฑูŠูู‡ุง:
71
00:05:41,530 --> 00:05:44,840
hyperglycemia. ู„ูƒู† ุนูƒุณู‡ุงุŒ ุงู„ู€ hypoglycemia
72
00:05:44,840 --> 00:05:49,920
ู‡ูŠ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…. Thus, associated with
73
00:05:49,920 --> 00:05:54,300
a decreased plasma glucose concentration. ูˆุงู„ุญุงู„ุชุงู†
74
00:05:54,300 --> 00:05:59,530
ุญุงู„ุงุช ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉ. The most frequently encountered
75
00:05:59,530 --> 00:06:03,930
disorder of carbohydrate metabolism is a high
76
00:06:03,930 --> 00:06:07,890
blood glucose due to diabetes mellitus. ุจู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ ุฅู†
77
00:06:07,890 --> 00:06:12,310
ุงู„ู€ most frequentุŒ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุดูŠูˆุนู‹ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู†ุงุณุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช
78
00:06:12,310 --> 00:06:16,890
ุงู„ู€ hyperglycemiaุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุญุงู„ุงุช ุงุฑุชูุงุน ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ
79
00:06:16,890 --> 00:06:21,310
ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ ุงู„ู€ diabetes mellitus. ุฃูƒุซุฑ
80
00:06:21,310 --> 00:06:25,290
ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ hypoglycemia. ุงู„ู€ hypoglycemia ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉุŒ ุจุณ ู…ุด
81
00:06:25,290 --> 00:06:29,720
ูƒุซูŠุฑุฉ. Estimates of the glucose concentration in
82
00:06:29,720 --> 00:06:34,520
blood are required to... ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุง ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ู…ู† ุฃู† ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ
83
00:06:34,520 --> 00:06:40,260
ูŠุทู„ุจ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู„ุฃูŠ ุดุฎุตุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ูŠุทู„ุจ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŸ
84
00:06:40,260 --> 00:06:46,650
ู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃุณุจุงุจ ุฃุณุงุณูŠุฉ. ุฃูˆู„ ุดุบู„ุฉ: help in the diagnosis of
85
00:06:46,650 --> 00:06:52,510
diabetes mellitus. ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ุŒ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ูŠุณุงุนุฏู†ูŠ ููŠ ุชุดุฎูŠุต: ู‡ู„
86
00:06:52,510 --> 00:06:56,850
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุงู„ุฐูŠ ุฃู…ุงู…ูŠ ู„ุฏูŠู‡ diabetes mellitusุŸ ู„ุฏูŠู‡
87
00:06:56,850 --> 00:07:01,770
ู…ุฑุถ ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ ุฃู… ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ู„ุง ูŠุนุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฃู… ู„ุงุŸ
88
00:07:01,770 --> 00:07:05,790
ุฅุฐุง ูƒู†ุง ู†ุดุชุจู‡ ููŠ ุฅุตุงุจุฉ ุดุฎุต ู…ุง ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ ู…ุงุฐุง ู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ุŸ ุงุฐู‡ุจ ูˆุงุฌุนู„
89
00:07:05,790 --> 00:07:11,000
ูุญุต ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุตุญูŠุญ ุฃู… ู„ุงุŸ ุงู„ู‡ุฏู ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠ: Management of
90
00:07:11,000 --> 00:07:16,580
diabetes mellitus patients. ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ ุทุจุนู‹ุง
91
00:07:16,580 --> 00:07:22,560
ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุดุงุฆุน ูˆู…ู†ุชุดุฑ ุจูŠู†ู†ุง. ูุฃู†ุงุŒ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ ุชู‚ุฑูŠุจู‹ุง
92
00:07:22,560 --> 00:07:26,000
ูƒู„ ุดู‡ุฑูŠู†ุŒ ูƒู„ ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุดู‡ูˆุฑุŒ ุชุณู…ุนูˆู† ุจู‡ู… ูŠุฐู‡ุจูˆู† ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุนูŠุงุฏุฉ
93
00:07:26,000 --> 00:07:30,460
ูˆูŠุฌุฑูŠ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ูˆูŠุฌุฑูŠ ูุญุต ู…ุฎุฒูˆู† ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ู„ูƒูŠ
94
00:07:30,460 --> 00:07:36,220
ู†ุชุงุจุน ูˆุถุนู‡ู…ุŒ ูˆู†ุชุงุจุน ุญุงู„ุชู‡ู…. ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ู†ุฌุฑูŠ ุงู„ูุญุต ู„ุณุจุจ
95
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ุซุงู„ุซ: "and monitoring of treatment in diabetes
96
00:07:40,160 --> 00:07:46,380
mellitus patients". ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุฌุฑุนุฉุŒ ุขุณูุŒ ู†ุฑูŠุฏ
97
00:07:46,380 --> 00:07:51,180
ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุฌุฑุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฃุฎุฐู‡ุง ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ.
98
00:07:51,180 --> 00:07:56,180
ู†ุนุฑู ุฃู†ู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ุฑุงุญู„ ุงู„ู…ุชุฃุฎุฑุฉ ู…ู† ู…ุฑุถ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ ูŠุตุจุญ
99
00:07:56,180 --> 00:08:00,440
ุงู„ุดุฎุต ูŠุฃุฎุฐ ุฅุจุฑ ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†. ุทูŠุจุŒ ูƒูŠู ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ู†ุนุฑู ุฃู† ุฌุฑุนุฉ
100
00:08:00,440 --> 00:08:07,960
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ู…ุถุจูˆุทุฉ ุฃู… ู„ุงุŸ ูˆู‡ู„ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฌุฑุนุฉ ุฌูŠุฏุฉ ุฃู… ู„ุงุŸ
101
00:08:07,960 --> 00:08:13,760
ูู†ุทู„ุจุŒ ู„ูƒูŠ ู†ุชุงุจุน ุฌุฑุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†ุŒ ู†ุทู„ุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ
102
00:08:13,760 --> 00:08:17,740
ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุนุงู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ ุฃู† ูŠูุฌุฑูŠ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ. ู„ุซู„ุงุซุฉ ุฃู‡ุฏุงู: ููŠ
103
00:08:17,740 --> 00:08:23,470
ุงู„ุชุดุฎูŠุต (diagnosis)ุŒ ูˆููŠ ู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ูˆู…ุชุงุจุนุฉ
104
00:08:23,470 --> 00:08:28,190
ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุฌุฑุนุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู† ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฃุฎุฐู‡ุงุŒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุชูŠ ูŠุฃุฎุฐูˆู†ู‡ุง
105
00:08:28,190 --> 00:08:35,470
ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠ. Methods of Analysis: ุทุฑู‚ ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ
106
00:08:35,470 --> 00:08:41,570
ุจูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ. ู‡ู†ุง ุณู†ุณุชุนุฑุถ ูƒูŠู‘ุชุงุช ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ูˆ
107
00:08:41,570 --> 00:08:46,750
ูˆุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ (reaction) ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑ. ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุชูŠ ุชุนู…ู„
108
00:08:46,750 --> 00:08:52,050
ุจู‡ุง ุงู„ูƒูŠุชุŸ ุฃูˆู„ ุดุบู„ุฉุŒ in the past, the majority of
109
00:08:52,050 --> 00:08:55,550
the quantitative tests for glucose determination
110
00:08:55,550 --> 00:09:00,310
were dependent upon the oxidation of glucose by hot
111
00:09:00,310 --> 00:09:04,470
alkaline copper solutions, or solutions of
112
00:09:04,470 --> 00:09:09,690
potassium ferric cyanide. ุจุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ: ุฒู…ุงู†ุŒ ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุงู‹ุŒ ูƒุงู†
113
00:09:09,690 --> 00:09:14,690
ู…ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ูƒูŠุชุŒ ูˆู…ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุฃู†ู‡
114
00:09:14,690 --> 00:09:19,750
ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ุฃุถุน ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆู… ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ
115
00:09:19,750 --> 00:09:24,750
ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ูŠู‚ูˆู… ุจุนู…ู„ oxidationุŒ ุจุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
116
00:09:24,750 --> 00:09:30,270
ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุณูŠุฑูˆู… ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ. ูˆุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
117
00:09:30,270 --> 00:09:37,660
ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชุชุทู„ุจ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ (heat)ุŒ ูˆุชุชุทู„ุจ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ูˆุฌูˆุฏ
118
00:09:37,660 --> 00:09:43,320
alkaline media. ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ reagentุŒ ุงู„ู€ pH ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจู‡ ูŠุฌุจ
119
00:09:43,320 --> 00:09:49,340
ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‚ุงุนุฏูŠู‹ุง. ุฅุฐู† ุจุดูƒู„ ุนุงู…ุŒ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ: ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุงู‹ ูƒุงู† ู…ุจุฏุฃ
120
00:09:49,340 --> 00:09:54,560
ุงู„ูุญุต ูŠุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃู† ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ
121
00:09:54,560 --> 00:09:59,240
ุฅุฐุง ุฃูุถูŠู ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆู… ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ุณูŠุคูƒุณุฏ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
122
00:09:59,240 --> 00:10:03,240
ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆู…. ูˆุนุดุงู† ูŠุตูŠุฑ ููŠู‡ ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉุŒ
123
00:10:03,240 --> 00:10:06,420
ูŠุฌุจ ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ูƒูŠุช ู„ู‡
124
00:10:06,420 --> 00:10:12,140
alkaline pH. ูˆู‡ุฐุง ูŠุชุทู„ุจ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุงุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุชุทู„ุจุงุชุŒ ุฏุฑุฌุงุช
125
00:10:12,140 --> 00:10:18,790
ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ. ุงู„ู€ alkaline pH ู†ูˆูุฑู‡ ุฅุฐุง ูƒุงู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏู‹ุง
126
00:10:18,790 --> 00:10:24,630
ุฏุงุฎู„ ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุชุŒ ุงู„ู€ copper solutionุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุขุฎุฑ
127
00:10:24,630 --> 00:10:28,690
ุงุณู…ู‡ potassium ferric cyanide. ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ูˆุงุฏ
128
00:10:28,690 --> 00:10:32,590
ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุชุŒ ุงู„ู€ alkaline pHุŒ
129
00:10:32,590 --> 00:10:38,720
ุงู„ู‚ุงุนุฏูŠ. ู‡ุฐู‡ ุชู… ุชุบูŠูŠุฑู‡ุงุŒ ุจู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ู€ orthotolidine
130
00:10:38,720 --> 00:10:43,200
testุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏู‡ุง ุจู…ุญุงูˆู„ุฉ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู… ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช. ุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
131
00:10:43,200 --> 00:10:48,200
ุงู„ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุชุŒ ุชูˆู‚ูุช ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุนู‡. ูุซุงุฑูˆุง
132
00:10:48,200 --> 00:10:51,680
ู…ุงุฐุงุŸ ุซุงุฑูˆุง ูˆุงุณุชุฎุฏู…ูˆุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€
133
00:10:51,680 --> 00:10:56,680
ortho-tolidine test. ู†ุฑูŠุฏ ุฃู† ู†ูู‡ู… ุฃู† ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุต
134
00:10:56,680 --> 00:11:01,760
ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ูƒุงู† ูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ortho-tolidineุŒ ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ูƒู†ุชู
135
00:11:01,760 --> 00:11:06,600
ุฃุถูŠูู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆู…ุŒ ุชุฃุชูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ูˆุชุฑุชุจุท ุจู‡
136
00:11:06,600 --> 00:11:13,000
ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ูˆุชุนุทูŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู„ูˆู†ุฉุŒ ูˆู†ุญู† ู†ู‚ูŠุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู†ุŒ
137
00:11:13,000 --> 00:11:18,360
ูˆู‡ูˆ ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูƒุงู† ูŠุนุจุฑ ุนู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ. ุทูŠุจุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
138
00:11:18,360 --> 00:11:22,020
ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ ortho-tolidine testุŒ ู„ู…ุงุฐุง ุชูˆู‚ูุช ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุนู†
139
00:11:22,020 --> 00:11:26,320
ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุงุŸ ู„ุฃู† ู…ุงุฏุฉ ortho-tolidine ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
140
00:11:26,320 --> 00:11:30,440
ููŠ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู…ุงุฏุฉ dangerousุŒ ูˆุชุณุจุจ
141
00:11:30,440 --> 00:11:35,630
ุงู„ุณุฑุทุงู† (cancer). ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ู…ู† ู…ุดุชู‚ุงุช ุงู„ุจู†ุฒูŠู†. ุชุฎูŠู„ุŒ
142
00:11:35,630 --> 00:11:41,090
ุฃู†ุชูŽ ุชุฌุฑูŠ ูุญุต ุณูƒุฑุŒ ูุญุต ุฑูˆุชูŠู†ูŠุŒ ูˆุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุฃู†ุชูŽ ุชุฑูŠุฏ
143
00:11:41,090 --> 00:11:44,250
ุฃู† ูŠูƒูˆู† ู‡ู†ุงูƒ ุฏุงุฆู…ู‹ุง ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒ ุจู‡ ุจูŠุฏูƒุŒ ูˆู‚ุฏ ู„ุง ุชูƒูˆู†ูŠู† ุชุฑุชุฏูŠู†
144
00:11:44,250 --> 00:11:49,990
ู‚ููุงุฒุงุช (gloves)ุŒ ูู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู† ูŠูุณุจุจ ุณุฑุทุงู† ุงู„ุฌู„ุฏ (skin cancer). ู„ุฐู„ูƒ
145
00:11:49,990 --> 00:11:54,450
ุฌุงุกุช ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุบูŠุฑ ุขู…ู†ุฉ. ูู„ู†ุณุชุจุฏู„ู‡ุง
146
00:11:54,450 --> 00:11:58,690
ุจุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู„ุซุฉุŒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€ enzyme method.
147
00:11:58,690 --> 00:12:03,610
ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ enzyme. ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ enzyme
148
00:12:03,610 --> 00:12:08,450
ูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑูˆู… ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ู€
149
00:12:08,450 --> 00:12:12,790
patient. ุนู†ุฏู…ุง ู†ุถุนู‡ู…ุง ู…ุนู‹ุงุŒ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู„ูˆู†ู‹ุงุŒ
150
00:12:12,790 --> 00:12:17,950
ูˆุฃู†ุง ุฃู‚ูŠุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุนุจุฑ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ spectrophotometer.
151
00:12:18,580 --> 00:12:24,080
ุฌุงุกุช ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุฃูุถู„. ุฃูˆู„ุงู‹: specificุŒ ู…ุชุฎุตุตุฉุŒ
152
00:12:24,080 --> 00:12:31,360
ุฃุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ูŠุชุฎุตุตุŒ ูŠุฑุชุจุท ูู‚ุท ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุทุจุนู‹ุง. ูˆุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
153
00:12:31,360 --> 00:12:36,660
ุณุฑูŠุนุฉ (quick)ุŒ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ (quickly). ูˆ specificityุŒ ุงู„ุณุฑุนุฉ
154
00:12:36,790 --> 00:12:41,370
ูˆุงู„ุชุฎุตุตูŠุฉ ุนุงู„ูŠุฉ ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุชุŒ ูˆู„ุง ุชุณุชู‡ู„ูƒ ูˆู‚ุชู‹ุง
155
00:12:41,370 --> 00:12:45,390
ุงู„ูุญุต. ูˆุฃูŠุถู‹ุงุŒ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุชุŒ ูˆุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ
156
00:12:45,390 --> 00:12:49,310
ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุชุŒ ู„ูŠุณุช dangerousุŒ ู„ูŠุณุช ุฎุทุฑุฉุŒ ู…ุซู„ ุงู„ู€
157
00:12:49,310 --> 00:12:54,550
ortho-tolidine. ุฅุฐุง ุงู„ู€ enzymatic methods give the
158
00:12:54,550 --> 00:12:59,310
true glucose determination. ุชุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ
159
00:12:59,310 --> 00:13:02,830
ุจุดูƒู„ ุตุญูŠุญุŒ because of the high specificity
160
00:13:02,830 --> 00:13:08,130
ู„ู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช ุงู„ู…ุชุฎุตุตุฉุŒ of an enzyme for a particular
161
00:13:08,130 --> 00:13:11,770
substrate, and doesn't consume time. ูˆุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…
162
00:13:11,770 --> 00:13:16,190
ุดุฆ ุณุฑูŠุน. other methods: ุทุฑู‚ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ุŒ ุชุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ูˆุงุฏ
163
00:13:16,190 --> 00:13:20,550
ุฎุทุฑุฉ (dangerous) ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุณู…ุŒ ู…ุซู„ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ุงู„ู€ ortho-tolidine.
164
00:13:20,550 --> 00:13:23,590
ู…ุซู„ุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุณุจูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ุซุงู„ุŒ ุงู„ู€ ortho-tolidine.
165
00:13:25,510 --> 00:13:29,630
ู‡ู†ุง ู…ู„ุฎุต ู„ูƒู… ุทุฑู‚ ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ (Methods of Analysis)ุŒ ุทุฑู‚
166
00:13:29,630 --> 00:13:35,290
ุงู„ุชุญู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ุฎุงุตุฉ ุจูƒูŠู‘ุช ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌูŠู†ุช ุงู„ุฎุงุต ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุทุจุนู‹ุง.
167
00:13:35,290 --> 00:13:40,170
ุฃูˆู„ ุดุบู„ุฉุŒ ุฃูˆู„ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ู‚ุฏูŠู…ุฉ ุฌุฏู‹ุงุŒ ุชูˆู‚ูุช
168
00:13:40,170 --> 00:13:45,570
ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุนู‡ุงุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ู‹ุง. ุชูˆู‚ูุช ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุงุช ุนู† ุชุตู†ูŠุน ุงู„ูƒูŠุช
169
00:13:45,570 --> 00:13:49,390
ุงู„ุฐูŠ ูŠุนู…ู„ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุงู„ุชูŠ ู‡ูŠ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€
170
00:13:49,390 --> 00:13:53,170
oxidationุŒ ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉุŒ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ reduction methodุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุดุฑูŠุญุฉ
171
00:13:53,170 --> 00:13:57,400
ุงู„ุณุงุจู‚ุฉุŒ ุชุญุฏุซู†ุง ุนู† ุงู„ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู‡ู†ุง ูƒุงุชุจ ุงู„ู€
172
00:13:57,400 --> 00:14:01,620
reduction methodsุŒ ุทุฑู‚ ุงู„ุงุฎุชุฒุงู„. ูŠุนู†ูŠุŒ ูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ ู…ูˆุงุฏ
173
00:14:01,620 --> 00:14:05,480
ููŠ ุงู„ุช
223
00:18:13,090 --> 00:18:17,750
ูˆููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฃู†ุฒูŠู… ุขุฎุฑ ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ-6-ููˆุณูุงุช
224
00:18:17,750 --> 00:18:24,960
DehydrogenaseุŒ ุฃุนุทูˆู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง 6-gluconolactone
225
00:18:24,960 --> 00:18:32,000
NADH + H+ุŒ ู‡ู†ุง ุจุชู… ู‚ูŠุงุณ ุงู„ู€ NADH ู‡ุฐุง
226
00:18:32,000 --> 00:18:37,080
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุŒ ูƒู„ู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจุŒ ุจุชู… ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ ุนู„ู‰
227
00:18:37,080 --> 00:18:42,780
wavelength ู…ุนุฑูˆู ูˆ ุซุงุจุช ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„ ู…ูˆุฌูŠ ุซุงุจุช ู‡ูˆ 340
228
00:18:42,780 --> 00:18:47,740
ู†ุงู†ูˆู…ุชุฑุŒ ูƒู„ู†ุง ุนุงุฑููŠู† ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ 340 ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€
229
00:18:47,740 --> 00:18:54,160
wavelength ูŠู‚ุน ููŠ ุงู„ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ููˆู‚ ุงู„ุจู†ูุณุฌูŠุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ UVุŒ ุงู„ู€
230
00:18:54,160 --> 00:18:58,080
UltravioletุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ู…ุง ุจุฏูƒ ุชุฌูŠุจูŠ ุชุนู…ู„ูŠ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู‡ู†ุง
231
00:18:58,080 --> 00:19:02,660
ู…ุง ุจุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ูŠ ุงู„ู€ plastic cuvette ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
232
00:19:02,660 --> 00:19:08,960
ุจู†ุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒุŒ ู„ุฃุŒ ุงู„ู€ cuvette ุจุชูƒูˆู† ุฒุฌุงุฌุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ุฃู†
233
00:19:08,960 --> 00:19:15,580
ุงู„ู€ 340 ู‡ุฐุง wavelength ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ู…ู†ุทู‚ุฉ ููˆู‚ ุจู†ูุณุฌูŠุฉ
234
00:19:15,580 --> 00:19:21,160
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ UVุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ UltravioletุŒ ูุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ NADH ูˆู†ุณุจุชู‡
235
00:19:21,160 --> 00:19:27,380
ุจุชุนุจู‘ุฑ ุนู† ู†ุณุจุฉ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุทุจุนุงู‹ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ reference
236
00:19:27,380 --> 00:19:31,140
methodุŒ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฌุนูŠุฉ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู… ู…ู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง
237
00:19:31,140 --> 00:19:36,340
ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑุฌุนูŠุฉุŒ ุฅู„ุง ุฃู†ู‡ ู†ุงุฏุฑ ุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ุงุŒ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ู…ุง
238
00:19:36,340 --> 00:19:39,680
ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ู„ุฃู†ู‡ุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฑุบู… ู…ู† ุฃู†ู‡ุง
239
00:19:39,680 --> 00:19:46,300
ู…ุฑุฌุนูŠุฉุŒ ุจุฏู‡ุง ู…ุชุทู„ุจุงุชุŒ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุฌู‡ุงุฒ Spectrophotometer ุจูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ู‰
240
00:19:46,300 --> 00:19:50,600
ุงู„ูƒูŠูˆููŠุช ุชูƒูˆู† ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒุฌุงุฌุŒ ู…ุตู†ูˆุนุฉ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฒุฌุงุฌุŒ ูˆุบุงู„ูŠุฉ
241
00:19:50,600 --> 00:19:56,180
ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุงู„ู„ู…ุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ุดุนุงุน ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ wavelengths
242
00:19:56,180 --> 00:20:01,000
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทูˆู„ู‡ 340 ู†ุงู†ูˆู…ุชุฑุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู„ู…ุจุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ
243
00:20:01,000 --> 00:20:04,520
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Spectrophotometer ุจุฑุถู‡ ุญุงุฌุชู‡ุง ุบุงู„ูŠุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ okayุŒ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
244
00:20:04,520 --> 00:20:08,740
ู…ุฑุฌุนูŠุฉ ู„ูƒู† ู„ุง ุชุณุชุฎุฏู…ุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ู†ุณุจุฉ ู„ู„ู…ุนุงุฏู„ุงุช ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉ
245
00:20:08,740 --> 00:20:14,550
ู…ุด ู…ุทู„ูˆุจุฉุŒ ุจุณ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูู‡ู… ุงู„ู…ุจุฏุฃุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉ
246
00:20:14,550 --> 00:20:18,050
ููŠู‡ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ Glucose
247
00:20:18,050 --> 00:20:22,590
Dehydrogenase MethodุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ู† ุงุณู… ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุจุชูู‡ู… ุฅู†
248
00:20:22,590 --> 00:20:27,990
ุงู„ู€ Reagent ุฌูˆุงุชู‡ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡ Glucose Dehydrogenase
249
00:20:27,990 --> 00:20:33,530
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠุŒ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู€ patient
250
00:20:33,530 --> 00:20:39,550
ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ NAD ูˆูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู„ูŠ
251
00:20:39,550 --> 00:20:43,110
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ ReagentุŒ ุงู„ู€ Glucose Dehydrogenase
252
00:20:43,110 --> 00:20:47,630
ู‡ูŠุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู…ุงุฏุฉ
253
00:20:47,630 --> 00:20:52,230
Gluconolactone + NADH + H+ุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡
254
00:20:52,230 --> 00:20:58,710
ู‡ู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ ุงู„ู€ NADH ุนู„ู‰ 340ุŒ ูˆู…ู‚ุฏุงุฑู‡ ูŠุนุจุฑ ุนู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰
255
00:20:58,710 --> 00:21:02,670
ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ู…ุง ุจุชุดุชุบู„
256
00:21:02,670 --> 00:21:07,520
ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ุขุฎุฑ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€ most commonุŒ ุงู„ุดุงุฆุนุฉุŒ
257
00:21:07,520 --> 00:21:13,720
ุงู„ู€ popularุŒ ุงู„ุฃูƒุซุฑ ุงู†ุชุดุงุฑุงู‹ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู„ูŠ ุดุฑูƒุชู†ุง ุจุชุตู†ุน ุงู„ู€
258
00:21:13,720 --> 00:21:17,760
reagent ุชุจุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุฃูˆูƒุณูŠุฏูŠุฒ
259
00:21:17,760 --> 00:21:22,140
methodุŒ ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูู‡ู… ุฃู† ุงู„ู€ reagent ูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…
260
00:21:22,140 --> 00:21:27,300
ุงุณู…ู‡ ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุฃูˆูƒุณูŠุฏูŠุฒุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุฃุถูŠู ุงู„ู€ reagent ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠู†ุฉ
261
00:21:27,300 --> 00:21:31,420
ุงู„ู€ patientุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุงู„ู€ oxidase ู‡ูŠุนู…ู„
262
00:21:31,420 --> 00:21:37,240
oxidationุŒ ุฃูƒุณุฏุฉ ู„ู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ูˆููŠ
263
00:21:37,240 --> 00:21:42,460
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ูŠุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ู…ุฑูƒุจุŒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู„ูˆู†ุฉุŒ ูˆุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ู‚ูŠุณ
264
00:21:42,460 --> 00:21:48,100
ุงู„ู„ูˆู†ุŒ ูˆุดุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุชุนุจุฑ ุนู† ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ
265
00:21:48,100 --> 00:21:53,880
ุทู„ุน ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุบุงู…ู‚ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ุชูุงุนู„ุŒ ุฃู†ุช ุญุชุฌุฏ ุฃู†ูƒ ุญุทูŠุช
266
00:21:53,880 --> 00:21:58,900
ุงู„ู€ reagent ุนู„ู‰ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ู„ูˆ ุธู‡ุฑ ู„ูƒ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ู…ู„ูˆู†ุฉ
267
00:21:58,900 --> 00:22:05,890
ูˆู„ูˆู†ู‡ุง ุบุงู…ู‚ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุชุญูƒูŠ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนุงู„ูŠ
268
00:22:05,890 --> 00:22:10,030
ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ู„ูˆ ุทู„ุน ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ูƒูˆูŠุณ ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ุจุชุญูƒูŠ ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุนู†ุฏ
269
00:22:10,030 --> 00:22:14,890
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ุฅุฐู† ู…ู† ุดุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุฃู†ุง ุจุดูˆู ุฃูˆ ุจู‚ุฏุฑ
270
00:22:14,890 --> 00:22:21,960
ุฃูู‚ุฏุฑ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุจูŠุณู…ูˆู‡ุง ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
271
00:22:21,960 --> 00:22:26,000
ุงู„ู€ Glucose Oxidase MethodุŒ ุชุณู…ู‰ ุจุงุณู… ุขุฎุฑุŒ ุงู„ู€
272
00:22:26,000 --> 00:22:30,180
Trinder's MethodุŒ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุงู„ู€ Trinder's ุชุนุชู…ุฏ ุนู„ู‰
273
00:22:30,180 --> 00:22:35,020
ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุฏุงูŠูƒุฑูˆู…ุงุชุฑูŠุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู… ุจูŠุชูุงุนู„ ู…ุน
274
00:22:35,020 --> 00:22:40,000
ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุฏุงูŠูƒุฑูˆู…ุงุชุฑูŠุŒ ู„ูˆู† ุฏุงูŠูƒุฑูˆู…ุงุชุฑูŠ
275
00:22:40,000 --> 00:22:45,200
ู…ู„ูˆู†ุŒ ุจุฌูŠ ุฃู‚ูŠุณ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุจุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู€ Spectrophotometer ูˆุจุนุทูŠู†ูŠ
276
00:22:45,200 --> 00:22:50,920
AbsorbanceุŒ ูˆุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง kinetic methodุŒ ุทุฑูŠู‚ุฉ
277
00:22:50,920 --> 00:22:56,160
ุญุฑูƒูŠุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ู†ูู‡ู…ู‡ุง ุฃูƒุซุฑ ู„ู…ุง ู†ุฃุฎุฐ ุดุบู„ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุช
278
00:22:56,160 --> 00:23:01,140
ูˆู†ูุญุต ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุชุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุณ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู… ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฃุฌู‡ุฒุฉ ุจุชุดุชุบู„ ุนู„ู‰
279
00:23:01,140 --> 00:23:07,810
ู…ุจุฏุฃ ุงู„ู€ Trinder's methodุŒ enzyme dichlorometricุŒ ู‡ู„ ุฌูŠุช
280
00:23:07,810 --> 00:23:11,570
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุงู„ู€ Specimen CollectionุŸ
281
00:23:11,570 --> 00:23:16,810
ุฅูŠุด ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŸ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู‚ุฏ ุชูƒูˆู† SerumุŒ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง is
282
00:23:16,810 --> 00:23:21,150
suitable for samplesุŒ ุนุงุฏูŠุŒ ูŠุง Serum ูŠุง ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง
283
00:23:21,150 --> 00:23:25,570
ุงู„ู€ whole bloodุŒ ุชุฌูŠุจูŠ ู„ูŠ ุฏู… ูƒุงู…ู„ุŒ ุชุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ ุงุนู…ู„ูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡
284
00:23:25,570 --> 00:23:30,030
ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ู…ุง ุจูŠู†ูุนุดุŒ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃูุตู„ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฏู… ูˆุฃุทู„ุน ู…ู†ู‡ ุงู„ู€
285
00:23:30,030 --> 00:23:33,990
Serum ูˆุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ Serum ูˆุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง ู‡ู…ุง ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ
286
00:23:33,990 --> 00:23:38,610
ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃู…ุง whole blood ู…ุฑููˆุถุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ hemolysis ูŠุนู†ูŠ
287
00:23:38,610 --> 00:23:42,950
ู„ูˆ ุฌุงุกุชูƒ ุนูŠู†ุฉ hemolyzed ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ rejectedุŒ ู…ุฑููˆุถุฉุŒ
288
00:23:42,950 --> 00:23:47,350
are not recommended for use as a sampleุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุง
289
00:23:47,350 --> 00:23:53,920
ูŠูˆุตู‰ ุจุงุณุชุฎุฏุงู…ู‡ู… ูƒุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ู€ freshly drawn serum
290
00:23:53,920 --> 00:23:59,040
is the preferred specimenุŒ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ ุฃู† ุฃูุถู„ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู‡ูŠ
291
00:23:59,040 --> 00:24:03,680
ุงู„ู€ serumุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ูƒู† ุดูˆ ุงู„ู…ุณู…ูˆุญ ููŠู‡ุŸ ุงู„ู…ุณู…ูˆุญ ูŠุง serum
292
00:24:03,680 --> 00:24:08,080
ูŠุง ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุŒ ุทูŠุจุŒ ู„ูˆ ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุŒ ุฅูŠุด ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ู€
293
00:24:08,080 --> 00:24:11,800
anticoagulant ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃุฌู…ุน ููŠู‡ ุนูŠู†ุงุช ุงู„ู€ bloodุŸ
294
00:24:11,800 --> 00:24:16,060
ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ูŠุง ุฅู…ุง EDTA ูŠุง ู‡ูŠุจุงุฑูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุณู…ูˆุญ ููŠู‡ู…ุŒ ูŠุง
295
00:24:16,060 --> 00:24:20,520
EDTA ูŠุง ู‡ูŠุจุงุฑูŠู†ุŒ ุทุจุนุงู‹ ุชุฌูŠูƒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ
296
00:24:20,520 --> 00:24:23,140
ุฌุงู‡ุฒุฉุŒ ููŠู‡ุง EDTAุŒ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ EDTA ุฃูˆ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ
297
00:24:23,140 --> 00:24:28,520
ุงู„ู€ ู‡ูŠุจุงุฑูŠู†ุŒ ูƒู„ูƒู… ุนุงุฑููŠู†ุŒ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ ูŠูุถู„ ุฃู†ุง ูƒุฃุฎุตุงุฆูŠ
298
00:24:28,520 --> 00:24:31,380
ุงู„ุชุญุงู„ูŠู„ ุงู„ุทุจูŠุฉ ุจุนุฑู ุฅู† ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ ูุญุต
299
00:24:31,380 --> 00:24:37,520
ุณูƒุฑ ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ุŒ ุจุฌูŠุจ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ EDTA ูˆุจุญุท ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู€ EDTA ุดุบู„ุฉ
300
00:24:37,520 --> 00:24:44,930
ุงุณู…ู‡ุง glycolytic inhibitorุŒ ู…ุซุจุชุงุช ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Glycolysis
301
00:24:44,930 --> 00:24:50,670
ูˆุญู†ุดูˆู ู„ูŠุดุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู„ูŠุด ุฃู†ุง ุจุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ
302
00:24:51,750 --> 00:24:56,610
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ EDTA ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ Heparin ูˆุจุญุท ููŠู‡ุง
303
00:24:56,610 --> 00:25:02,950
glycolytic inhibitorุŒ ู…ุซุจุชุงุช ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ GlycolysisุŒ ู„ูŠุด
304
00:25:02,950 --> 00:25:06,250
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุนู…ู„ ุฃู†ุง ุจุนู…ู„ู‡ุŒ ู‡ู†ุฌูŠุก ููŠ ุงู„ู€ slide ุงู„ุซุงู†ูŠุฉุŒ
305
00:25:06,250 --> 00:25:11,730
ู‡ู†ุดูˆูุŒ ุจูŠู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูŠ ุฅู†ู‡ ูƒูŠู ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุญูุธ ุนูŠู†ุชูŠ ุณูˆุงุก Serum ุฃูˆ
306
00:25:11,730 --> 00:25:17,370
PlasmaุŒ ุจุชูุตู„ูŠู‡ู…ุŒ ุจุชุฌูŠุจูŠ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ู„ุญุงู„ุŒ ุจุชูุตู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Serum
307
00:25:17,370 --> 00:25:21,930
ู„ุญุงู„ ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง ู„ุญุงู„ุŒ ูˆุจุชุฎุฒู†ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Serum ูˆุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง
308
00:25:21,930 --> 00:25:27,930
ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฎุฒู†ู‡ู… ุณุจุนุฉ ุฃูŠุงู… ูŠุธู„ูˆุง stable ููŠ ุงู„ุซู„ุงุฌุฉ ู…ู†
309
00:25:27,930 --> 00:25:32,810
2 ุฅู„ู‰ 8 ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุฃูˆ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุฎู„ูŠู‡ู… ูŠูˆู…ูŠู†
310
00:25:32,810 --> 00:25:36,890
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุชุฑูƒูŠู† ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ room temperatureุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ
311
00:25:36,890 --> 00:25:41,790
ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ 20 ุฅู„ู‰ 25 ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ู…ุฆูˆูŠุฉุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจูŠุธู„
312
00:25:41,790 --> 00:25:48,240
ุงู„ู€ Serum ูˆุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง stableุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ู„ ุฌุฆุช ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ุŒ ุฌุงุกู†ูŠ
313
00:25:48,240 --> 00:25:54,080
ู…ุฑูŠุถ ูˆุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนู…ู„ ู„ู‡ ูุญุต ุณูƒุฑ ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ุŒ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฌู…ุน ู„ู‡ SerumุŒ ุจุฑูˆุญ
314
00:25:54,080 --> 00:25:58,620
ุฃุฌูŠุจ ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ plane tubeุŒ ู…ุง ููŠู‡ุง ุฃูŠ Anti-coagulant
315
00:25:58,620 --> 00:26:04,160
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ุบุทุงุก ุชุจุนู‡ุง ุฃุญู…ุฑุŒ ูˆู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุญุท ุงู„ุฏู… ููŠู‡ุง
316
00:26:04,160 --> 00:26:09,680
ุจุฑูˆุญ ุฃุฌูŠุจ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Sodium FluorideุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
317
00:26:09,680 --> 00:26:15,200
ุชุนุชุจุฑ glycolytic inhibitorุŒ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุซุจุชุฉ ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
318
00:26:15,200 --> 00:26:21,300
ุงู„ู€ GlycolysisุŒ ุจุฃุฎุฐ ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ 2 ู…ู„ูŠุฌุฑุงู…ุŒ ูˆ
319
00:26:21,300 --> 00:26:26,300
ุจุญุทู‡ุง ุฌูˆุฉ ุงู„ู€ plane tube ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฌู…ุน ููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ูˆ
320
00:26:26,300 --> 00:26:32,980
ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุฑูˆุญ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุจุณุญุจ ู…ู†ู‡ 1 ู…ู„ ุฏู…ุŒ 1 ู…ู„ bloodุŒ ูˆ
321
00:26:32,980 --> 00:26:37,720
ุจุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉุŒ ูˆุจุนู…ู„ mix ู…ู†ูŠุญุŒ ูˆุจุฑูˆุญ ุจูุตู‘ู„ู‡ุง
322
00:26:37,980 --> 00:26:44,060
ูˆุจุฃุทู„ู‘ุน ุงู„ู€ Serum ู…ู†ู‡ุงุŒ ุฃูˆ ู„ูˆ ุดุฎุต ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุฌู…ุน ู„ู‡ ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุง
323
00:26:44,060 --> 00:26:48,880
ุจุฑูˆุญ ุฃุฌูŠุจ ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ ููŠู‡ุง AnticoagulantุŒ ุฅู…ุง EDTA
324
00:26:48,880 --> 00:26:54,180
ุฃูˆ HeparinุŒ ูˆุจุฑุถู‡ ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุถูŠู ุงู„ุฏู… ููŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
325
00:26:54,180 --> 00:26:59,860
ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจุŒ ุจุฑูˆุญ ุฃุฌูŠุจ 2 ู…ู„ูŠุฌุฑุงู… ู…ู† ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ Sodium
326
00:26:59,860 --> 00:27:05,040
Fluoride ูˆุจุญุทู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุฑูˆุญ ุฃุณุญุจ blood
327
00:27:05,040 --> 00:27:10,720
ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ 1 ู…ู„ ู…ุซู„ุงู‹ุŒ ุจู†ุณุญุจ ู…ู†ู‡ ูˆุจู†ุญุทู‡ุงุŒ ูˆู†ุนู…ู„ mix
328
00:27:10,720 --> 00:27:16,260
ูˆุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจู†ุฑูˆุญ ู†ูุตู„ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุŒ ู„ูŠุด ุฃู†ุง ู‚ุจู„ ู…ุง ุฃุญุท ุงู„ุฏู…
329
00:27:16,260 --> 00:27:21,320
ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจุŒ ุจุฑูˆุญ ุฃุถูŠู ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Sodium FluorideุŒ
330
00:27:21,320 --> 00:27:25,980
ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุชุนุชุจุฑ glycolytic inhibitorุŒ ู…ุซุจุชุฉ ู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
331
00:27:25,980 --> 00:27:31,630
ุงู„ู€ GlycolysisุŒ The addition of 2 milligram ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
332
00:27:31,630 --> 00:27:37,850
Sodium Fluoride ู„ูƒู„ 1 ู…ู„ blood to be collected
333
00:27:37,850 --> 00:27:42,770
will prevent glycolysisุŒ ุฅุถุงูุฉ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ
334
00:27:42,770 --> 00:27:48,430
ุจุถูŠู ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏ ุฐู„ูƒ ุจูุตู‘ู„ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ูŠู…ู†ุน ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€
335
00:27:48,430 --> 00:27:55,270
GlycolysisุŒ ุงู„ุนู…ู„ูŠุงุช ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชู‚ูˆู… ููŠู‡ุง ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
336
00:27:55,270 --> 00:27:59,340
ุงู„ุฏู… ุงู„ุญู…ุฑุงุกุŒ ู‡ู„ ุฌุฆุชุŸ ุทุจ ู„ูŠุด ุฃู†ุง ุจู…ู†ุน ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ
337
00:27:59,340 --> 00:28:03,540
ุงู„ู€ GlycolysisุŸ ู‡ู„ ุฌุฆุชุŸ ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุทู„ุจ ู…ู†ูƒู… ุดุบู„ุฉุŒ ู„ู…ุง ุฃู†ุชู…
338
00:28:03,540 --> 00:28:08,000
ุชูุตู„ูˆุง ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ุฏู…ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุชุญุชุŸ ุจูŠู†ุฒู„ ุชุญุช
339
00:28:08,000 --> 00:28:12,400
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ุงู„ู€ RBCsุŒ ุงู„ู€ PlateletsุŒ ุงู„ู€ White Blood CellsุŒ ุจูŠู†ุฒู„
340
00:28:12,400 --> 00:28:15,680
ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุชุญุชุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ููˆู‚ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ุŸ ููˆู‚ ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
341
00:28:15,680 --> 00:28:20,270
ุงู„ู€ Serum ุฃูˆ ุงู„ุจู„ุงุฒู…ุงุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ู€ Serum ุฅูŠุด ููŠู‡ุŸ ููŠู‡
342
00:28:20,270 --> 00:28:23,770
ุงู„ู…ูˆุงุฏ ุงู„ูƒูŠู…ูŠุงุฆูŠุฉ ุงู„ู…ู‡ู…ุฉุŒ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ููŠู‡
343
00:28:23,770 --> 00:28:29,210
ุงู„ุจุฑูˆุชูŠู†ุงุชุŒ ููŠู‡ ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…ุงุชุŒ ู‡ู„ ุฌุฆุชุŸ ู„ูˆ ุธู„ู‘ ุงู„ู€ Serum
344
00:28:29,210 --> 00:28:33,690
contact ู…ุน ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู†ุช ู…ุง ูุตู„ุช ุงู„ู€ Serum ู„ุญุงู„ู‡
345
00:28:33,690 --> 00:28:38,770
ููŠ ุงู„ู€ tube ู„ุญุงู„ู‡ุงุŒ ุฎู„ูŠุชูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉ ู…ูุตูˆู„ุฉุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ RBCs
346
00:28:38,770 --> 00:28:43,310
ุชุญุชุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ Serum ููˆู‚ุŒ ููˆู‚ ุจุนุถ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ูุตู„ุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏูŠ
347
00:28:43,310 --> 00:28:47,630
ูŠุตูŠุฑุŸ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุตูŠุฑ ุฅู†ู‡ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู€ RBCsุŒ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุญูŠุฉ
348
00:28:47,630 --> 00:28:52,030
ุทูˆู„ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุญูŠุฉ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุนู…ู„ GlycolysisุŒ ุฅูŠุด ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ุง
349
00:28:52,030 --> 00:28:56,370
ุชุนู…ู„ GlycolysisุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุจุฏุฃ ุชุณุญุจ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู…ู†
350
00:28:56,370 --> 00:29:01,090
ุงู„ู€ SerumุŒ ุชุจุฏุฃุŒ ู…ุง ู‡ูŠ ุจุฏุฃุช ุชุชุบุฐู‰ ุจุฑุถู‡ุŒ ุฎู„ุงูŠุงุŒ ุจุฏู‡ุง ุชุณุญุจ
351
00:29:01,090 --> 00:29:06,180
ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ SerumุŒ ุชุฌูŠุก ุฃู†ุช ุชุฃุฎุฐ ุงู„ู€ SerumุŒ ุจุฏูƒ
352
00:29:06,180 --> 00:29:10,720
ุชูุญุต ู„ู‡ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ูˆุงุทูŠุŒ ุจุชู„ุงู‚ูŠ ู…ุซู„ุงู‹
353
00:29:10,720 --> 00:29:16,510
30ุŒ 20ุŒ ุจุชู‚ูˆู„ูŠ ุทูŠุจ ู„ูŠุด ู‡ูŠูƒุŸ ู‡ู„ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ุนู† ุฌุฏ ุนู†ุฏู‡
354
00:29:16,510 --> 00:29:21,310
HypoglycemiaุŒ ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุญุงู„ุฉ ู…ุฑุถูŠุฉุŒ ูˆู„ุง
355
00:29:21,310 --> 00:29:28,190
ุงู„ู…ุดูƒู„ุฉ ูƒุงู†ุช ุฅู†ูƒ ู†ุณูŠุชุŒ ุงู„ู€ Serum ููˆู‚ ุงู„ู€ RBCsุŒ ูˆุตุงุฑ ููŠ
356
00:29:28,190 --> 00:29:32,590
ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒ ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ Serum ูˆุงู„ู€ RBCsุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุนู…ู„ุช
357
00:29:32,590 --> 00:29:36,930
GlycolysisุŒ ุนู…ู„ุช GlycolysisุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุณุญุจุช ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู…ู†
358
00:29:36,930 --> 00:29:41,870
ุงู„ู€ SerumุŒ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจู†ู‚ูˆู„ ู„ูƒ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ุชุตู„ูƒ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ุนู„ู‰ ุทูˆู„
359
00:29:42,030 --> 00:29:46,390
ู„ูู‘ูŠู‡ุง ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒุŒ ูˆูุตู‘ู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Serum ููŠ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ู…ู†ูุตู„ุฉ
360
00:29:46,390 --> 00:29:52,270
ูˆูƒู…ุงู† ุดุบู„ุฉุŒ ุนุดุงู† ู†ู…ู†ุน ุงู„ู€ Glycolysis ุชู…ุงู…ุงู‹ุŒ ุถูŠููŠ ุงู„ู€
361
00:29:52,270 --> 00:29:57,250
Sodium Fluoride ุฃุซู†ุงุก ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ุถูŠููŠ Sodium
362
00:29:57,250 --> 00:30:01,770
Fluoride ููŠ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ุฌู…ุนุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุชู…ู†ุน ุฎู„ุงูŠุง
363
00:30:01,770 --> 00:30:06,850
ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุชุณุญุจ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ SerumุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ู€
364
00:30:06,850 --> 00:30:13,450
GlycolysisุŒ ูŠุจู‚ู‰ ู…ูุชูˆุญุงู‹ ููŠ ุบุฑูุฉ ุญุงุฑุฉุŒ ุฑุจู…ุง ุญูˆุงู„ูŠ
365
00:30:13,450 --> 00:30:18,750
10 ู…ู„ูŠุฌุฑุงู… ููŠ ุฏูŠุณูŠู„ุชุฑ ููŠ ุณุงุนุฉุŒ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู†ุช ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู€
366
00:30:18,750 --> 00:30:24,670
RBCs contact ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ SerumุŒ ูˆุชุฑูƒุชูŠู‡ุง ุฃู†ุช ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ููŠ
367
00:30:24,670 --> 00:30:30,290
ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุดูˆูŠุฉ ู…ุฑุชูุนุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ warm roomุŒ ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ
368
00:30:30,290 --> 00:30:38,220
ุญุงุฑุฉุŒ ูˆุชุฑูƒุชูŠู‡ุง ู„ู…ุฏุฉ ุณุงุนุฉุŒ ูƒู„ ุณุงุนุฉ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจูŠู‚ู„
369
00:30:38,220 --> 00:30:43,640
ุจู†ุณุจุฉ 10 ู…ู„ูŠุฌุฑุงู… per deciliterุŒ ูƒู„ ุณุงุนุฉ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
370
00:30:43,640 --> 00:30:47,700
ุจูŠู‚ู„ 10 ู…ู„ูŠุฌุฑุงู… per deciliterุŒ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุชุฑูƒุชูŠู‡ุง
371
00:30:47,700 --> 00:30:52,800
ุณุงุนุชูŠู†ุŒ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู‡ูŠู‚ู„ 20 ู…ู„ูŠุฌุฑุงู…ุŒ ู„ูˆ ุชุฑูƒุชูŠู‡ุง
372
00:30:52,800 --> 00:30:57,600
ุงู„ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุซู„ุงุซ ุณุงุนุงุชุŒ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู‡ูŠู‚ู„ 30 ู…ู„ูŠุฌุฑุงู…
373
00:30:57,600 --> 00:31:03,200
per deciliterุŒ ูู‡ุฐุง ุฃู…ุฑ ุฎุทูŠุฑุŒ The decrease in serum
374
00:31:03,200 --> 00:31:08,400
glucose concentration is negligibleุŒ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠ ู„ูŠ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
375
00:31:08,400 --> 00:31:14,160
ุงู„ุงู†ุฎูุงุถ ููŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ูŠู…ูƒู† ุชูุงุฏูŠู‡ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃู†ุง ู…ู…ูƒู†
376
00:31:14,160 --> 00:31:19,860
ุฃุชูุงุฐุงู‡ ูƒูŠูุŸ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุฌู…ุนุช ุงู„ู€ blood sampleุŒ if the
377
00:31:19,860 --> 00:31:24,700
blood sample is kept coolุŒ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุช ุฌู…ุนุชูŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉ ููŠ
378
00:31:24,700 --> 00:31:29,760
ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ุจุงุฑุฏุฉุŒ ู…ุนุธู… ุงู„ู…ุฎุชุจุฑุงุช ู…ูƒูŠูุฉุŒ ู„ุฃู† ู…ุนุธู…
379
00:31:29,760 --> 00:31:34,120
ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ุจุชุญุชุงุฌ ุฏุฑุฌุงุช ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ุทูŠูุฉุŒ ู…ุด ุชูƒูˆู†
380
00:31:34,120 --> 00:31:39,320
ุญุงุฑุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุฃูˆ ุจุงุฑุฏุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ and the serum separatedุŒ ูˆ
381
00:31:39,320 --> 00:31:44,040
ุชูุตู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ serum ุจุณุฑุนุฉ from the clotุŒ ุชูุตู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ serum ุนู†
382
00:31:44,040 --> 00:31:49,860
ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู€ RBCs ุฎู„ุงู„ ู†ุตู ุณุงุนุฉ ู…ู† ุฌู…ุน ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฎู„ุงู„
383
00:31:49,860 --> 00:31:54,730
ู†ุตู ุณุงุนุฉ ู…ู† ุฌู…ุนุชูŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุจุณุฑุนุฉ ุจุฏูƒ ุชู„ูู‘ูŠ ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ุชูุตู„ูŠ
384
00:31:54,730 --> 00:32:00,130
ุงู„ู€ serumุŒ ูˆุชุดุชุบู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุนุดุงู† ุชุชูุงุฏูŠ ู†ู‚ุตุงู†
385
00:32:00,130 --> 00:32:04,750
ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุนู…ู„ูŠุฉ ุงู„ู€ Glycolysis ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุชุตูŠุฑุŒ
386
00:32:04,750 --> 00:32:10,910
ุงู„ู€ Glycolysis ู‡ูˆ ุณุญุจ ุฎู„ุงูŠุง ุงู„ู€ RBCs ู„ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
387
00:32:10,910 --> 00:32:17,860
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ serumุŒ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงุญุชูƒุงูƒู‡ู… ููŠ ุจุนุถุŒ There
388
00:32:17,860 --> 00:32:
445
00:37:05,280 --> 00:37:10,040
ูˆู„ูˆ ุนููŠุฏูŽ ุงู„ุชุฌุฑุจุฉ ุซุงู†ูŠุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ู‡ุชุทู„ุน ู…ุฎุชู„ูุฉุŒ ููƒู„ุงู…
446
00:37:10,040 --> 00:37:13,700
Technician ุฃู†ุช ู‡ุชุดูˆู ููŠู‡ VariationุŒ ููŠู‡ ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ
447
00:37:13,700 --> 00:37:17,980
ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌ ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…ุŒ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู… ุฅู†ู‡ ููŠู‡ problem
448
00:37:17,980 --> 00:37:21,340
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู…ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ุด ููŠู‡ ุงุฎุชู„ุงู ููŠ ู†ุชุงุฆุฌู‡
449
00:37:21,340 --> 00:37:25,820
ู…ู‡ู…ุง ุนููŠุฏูŽ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ูุญุตุŒ ุจุณ ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ุดุงูƒู„ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู†
450
00:37:25,820 --> 00:37:30,500
ููŠู‡ ุนู†ุฏู‡ variation ููŠ ุงู„ู†ุชุงุฆุฌุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ูุญุต ุงุณู…ู‡
451
00:37:30,500 --> 00:37:34,200
casual blood glucoseุŒ ูŠุง ุฌู…ุงุนุฉุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Random ุนู…ู„ู‡
452
00:37:35,000 --> 00:37:39,560
ุนุดุงู† ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุฃู†ุง ุฎู„ุงู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู… ูƒู†ุช ู‚ุงุนุฏุฉ ูˆุจุงูƒู„ ูˆุจุดุฑุจ
453
00:37:39,560 --> 00:37:45,740
ูุฌุฃุฉ ุฃุบู…ู‰ ุนู„ูŠู‘ ู…ุซู„ู‹ุงุŒ ุฃุฎุฏูˆู†ูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู…ุณุชุดูู‰ุŒ ุทู„ุจ ุงู„ุฏูƒุชูˆุฑ
454
00:37:45,740 --> 00:37:49,700
ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุฃู‚ูˆู„ ู„ู‡ ู„ุง ูˆุงู„ู„ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุชุด ุตุงุฆู…ุฉ ุทูˆู„ ุงู„ูŠูˆู…
455
00:37:49,700 --> 00:37:54,350
ุจุชุงูƒู„ุŒ ุจุชุดุฑุจุŒ ุนุดุงู† ู‡ูŠูƒ ุนู…ู„ูˆุง ูุญุต ุงุณู…ู‡ Random Blood
456
00:37:54,350 --> 00:37:59,210
SugarุŒ ุจุฃูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ุจุณุญุจ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุฏู…ุŒ ุจุนู…ู„ ู„ูƒ ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ
457
00:37:59,210 --> 00:38:04,850
ุฃูŠ ุดุฑูˆุทุŒ ูˆู…ู† ุบูŠุฑ ู…ุง ูŠูƒูˆู† ุงู„ุตูˆู… ุฅุดูŠ ุฃุณุงุณูŠุŒ ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุงู„ู€
458
00:38:04,850 --> 00:38:08,710
Random Blood Sugar ู„ู‡ Normal Range ุฎุงุต ููŠู‡ุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€
459
00:38:08,710 --> 00:38:11,650
Fasting Blood SugarุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ Two Hour Post Prandial Blood Sugar
460
00:38:11,650 --> 00:38:15,310
ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ูู‡ู… ุฅู† ูƒู„ ูุญุต ู…ู† ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ูุญูˆุตุงุช ู„ู‡ุง
461
00:38:15,310 --> 00:38:21,350
Normal Range ุฎุงุต ููŠู‡ุงุŒ ุงุณู… ุทุฑูŠู‚ุชู†ุง ู„ู€ Trenders
462
00:38:21,350 --> 00:38:26,630
MethodุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู…ุจุฏุฃ ุดุบู„ ุงู„ู€ Kit ุชุจุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุงู„ู€ Reagent
463
00:38:26,630 --> 00:38:31,890
ุชุจุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ ููŠ ุงู„ุญูŠูˆูŠุฉุŒ ู†ูˆุน ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ
464
00:38:31,890 --> 00:38:35,790
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑู… ุชุจุน ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ู…ู† ู†ูˆุน Alpha-D
465
00:38:35,790 --> 00:38:40,610
-GlucoseุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุจุฑูˆุญ
466
00:38:40,610 --> 00:38:45,290
ุฃุถูŠู ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุงู„ู€ Reagent ุชุจุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุงู„ู€ Reagent ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ
467
00:38:45,290 --> 00:38:50,350
ุนู„ู‰ ุฅู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงุณู…ู‡ MutarotaseุŒ ุฅู†ุฒุงูŠู… ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุฒูŠู…
468
00:38:50,350 --> 00:38:55,650
ุจูŠุญูˆู„ ุงู„ู€ Alpha-D ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ู„ู„ู€ Beta-D ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒุŒ ู‡ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ู€
469
00:38:55,650 --> 00:38:59,670
Beta-D ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ุŒ ุฃูŠุถู‹ุง ุงู„ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ ู‡ูŠ ู…ู†
470
00:38:59,670 --> 00:39:04,430
ุถู…ู† ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ุฑูŠุงุฌู†ุชุŒ ูˆููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุงู„ู€ OxygenุŒ ุงู„ู€ O2
471
00:39:04,430 --> 00:39:09,560
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ู‡ูˆุงุก ุงู„ุฌูˆูŠุŒ ูˆููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฅู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ
472
00:39:09,560 --> 00:39:14,800
ุฃูƒุณูŠุฏุงุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุดูƒู„ ุฃุณุงุณูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ ReagentุŒ ู‡ูŠุญูˆู„
473
00:39:14,800 --> 00:39:20,540
ุงู„ู€ Beta-D-Glucose ุฅู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€ D-Gluconic Acid ูˆ H2O2
474
00:39:20,540 --> 00:39:26,960
ู‡ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ู€ H2O2 ููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงู„ู€ 4-Aminophenazone
475
00:39:26,960 --> 00:39:31,440
ูˆุงู„ููŠู†ูˆู„ุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู‡ุฐู‡ ูƒู„ู‡ุง ู…ู† ุถู…ู† ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช ุงู„ู€ Reagent
476
00:39:31,440 --> 00:39:35,320
ูˆููŠ ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ุฅู†ุฒุงูŠู… ุงู„ุจุฑูˆูƒุณูŠุฏุงุฒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ู† ู…ูƒูˆู†ุงุช
477
00:39:35,320 --> 00:39:38,870
ุงู„ู€ ReagentุŒ ููŠ ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ู‡ู†ุญุตู„ ุนู„ู‰ ู…ุงุฏุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง
478
00:39:38,870 --> 00:39:45,010
Quinoneimine ูˆ 4 ุฌุฒูŠุฆุงุช ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ู…ุงุฏุฉ
479
00:39:45,010 --> 00:39:50,470
Quinoneimine ู‡ุฐู‡ ู‡ูŠ ุงู„ู€ colored compoundุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ู‡ูˆ
480
00:39:50,470 --> 00:39:57,150
ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ู…ู„ูˆู† ุงู„ู†ุงุชุฌ ู…ู† ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู€ reaction ุชุจุน
481
00:39:57,150 --> 00:40:02,650
ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูŠุฑู…ุŒ ูˆู…ุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑู… ุชุจุน
482
00:40:02,650 --> 00:40:09,500
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุญุงุตู„ ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ู€ Reagent ู…ุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
483
00:40:09,500 --> 00:40:13,600
ุงู„ุฌู„ูˆูƒูˆุฒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูŠุฑู… ุชุจุน ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ู‚ู„ู†ุง ููŠ
484
00:40:13,600 --> 00:40:18,060
ุงู„ุขุฎุฑ ุจูŠุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุฑูƒุจ ู„ู‡ ู„ูˆู†ุŒ The intensity of the
485
00:40:18,060 --> 00:40:22,980
color formedุŒ ุดุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูˆู† ุชุจุน ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู…ุฑูƒุจ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุงุชูƒูˆู†
486
00:40:22,980 --> 00:40:26,480
is proportional to the glucose concentration in
487
00:40:26,480 --> 00:40:31,040
the sampleุŒ ุจุชุชู†ุงุณุจ ุชู†ุงุณุจ ุทุฑุฏูŠ ู…ุน ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ
488
00:40:31,040 --> 00:40:35,940
ุงู„ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ูƒุงู† ุงู„ุดุฎุต ุณูƒุฑ 200 ูˆ 300ุŒ ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ
489
00:40:35,940 --> 00:40:41,360
ุชูุงุนู„ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู…ุน ุงู„ู€ Reagent ู‡ูŠุธู‡ุฑ ู„ูˆู†ุŒ ุงู„ู€ intensity
490
00:40:41,360 --> 00:40:48,550
ุงู„ุดุฏุฉ ุชุจุนุชู‡ ู‡ูŠูƒูˆู† ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุบุงู…ู‚ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู„ูˆู†
491
00:40:48,550 --> 00:40:52,370
ุจุชู†ู‚ูŠุงุณู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู€ SpectrophotometerุŒ ุนู„ู‰
492
00:40:52,370 --> 00:40:58,170
wavelength ู…ู† 500 ู„ู€ 550 ู†ุงู†ูˆู…ุชุฑุŒ ุฃู†ุช ููŠูƒ ุชุถุจุทูŠู‡
493
00:40:58,170 --> 00:41:03,210
ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ wavelength ุจุชุฑุงูˆุญ ู…ุง ุจูŠู† ุงู„ู€ 500 ูˆ 550
494
00:41:03,210 --> 00:41:08,100
ู†ุงู†ูˆู…ุชุฑุŒ ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ procedure ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุฅู† ุดุงุก ุงู„ู„ู‡
495
00:41:08,100 --> 00:41:12,960
ู‡ู†ุดุชุบู„ู‡ุง ุนู…ู„ูŠู‘ู‹ุง ู„ู…ุง ู†ุฑุฌุน ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฌุงู…ุนุฉุŒ ุงู„ู€ procedure
496
00:41:12,960 --> 00:41:18,540
ูƒุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ: ุฃูˆู„ ุดูŠุก ุจุชุฑูˆุญ ุชุฌูŠุจ rack ูˆุจุชุญุท ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุฃุฑุจุน
497
00:41:18,540 --> 00:41:23,880
plastic tubesุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠ Labeling ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
498
00:41:23,880 --> 00:41:27,420
plastic tubesุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒุชุจูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง BlankุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒุชุจูŠ
499
00:41:27,420 --> 00:41:32,340
ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง StandardุŒ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุจุชูƒุชุจูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ControlุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ
500
00:41:32,340 --> 00:41:35,920
ุงู„ุฑุงุจุนุฉ ุจุชูƒุชุจูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ Patient SampleุŒ ุนูŠู†ุฉ
501
00:41:35,920 --> 00:41:41,360
ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ ูƒู„ู‡ู… ุจู†ุถูŠู ุนู„ู‰ ูƒู„
502
00:41:41,360 --> 00:41:48,620
ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ 1 ML ู…ู† Reagent AุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู‡ูˆ ุงู„ู€ Reagent ุงู„ุฎุงุต
503
00:41:48,620 --> 00:41:54,000
ุจุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุชุฌูŠุจูŠ ุฃุฑุจุน ู‚ู†ุงุจูŠุจ ุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠ ู„ู‡ู… Labeling
504
00:41:54,000 --> 00:41:58,940
ุชูƒุชุจูŠ BlankุŒ ูˆ StandardุŒ ูˆ ControlุŒ ูˆ SampleุŒ ูˆุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน
505
00:41:58,940 --> 00:42:04,400
ู‚ู†ุงุจูŠุจ ู‡ุฏูˆู„ ูƒู„ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุจุชุญุทูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง 1 ML ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุฃู„ู
506
00:42:04,400 --> 00:42:10,580
ู…ุงูŠูƒุฑูˆ ู„ูŠุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Reagent ุชุจุน ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุนุฏูŠู†
507
00:42:10,580 --> 00:42:15,920
ููŠ ูƒูŠุช ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุฌูˆุงู‡ุง ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑ ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง Standard
508
00:42:15,920 --> 00:42:21,560
ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ Standard ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ู…ุญู„ูˆู„ ุฌูˆุงุชู‡ ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู†
509
00:42:21,560 --> 00:42:26,920
solution ุจูŠุญุชูˆูŠ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฅู„ู‡ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู…ุนูŠู†
510
00:42:26,920 --> 00:42:31,800
ุจูŠูƒูˆู†ุŒ ุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠ ุชุฌูŠุจูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ Standard ุงู„ุตุบูŠุฑุฉ
511
00:42:31,800 --> 00:42:37,380
ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ู€ KitุŒ ุชุงุฎุฏูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ุงูŠูƒุฑูˆ ู„ูŠุชุฑ ูˆ
512
00:42:37,380 --> 00:42:42,900
ุจุชุญุทูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ plastic tube ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ู€ Standard ูˆ
513
00:42:42,900 --> 00:42:47,060
ุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠ mixุŒ ุฅุฐู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ tube ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ู€ Standard ุฃุตุจุญ ููŠู‡ุง
514
00:42:47,060 --> 00:42:52,560
1 ML ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Reagent ูˆ ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ุงูŠูƒุฑูˆ ู„ูŠุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
515
00:42:52,560 --> 00:42:58,110
Standard ู†ูุณู‡ ูˆ ุจุชุนู…ู„ูŠ mix ู…ู†ูŠุญุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠ
516
00:42:58,110 --> 00:43:02,150
ุชุฌูŠุจูŠ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ ControlุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ุฌุงูŠ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ
517
00:43:02,150 --> 00:43:06,910
powder ูˆุจู†ุญู„ู‡ ููŠ ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ุŒ ูˆุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠ ุชุงุฎุฏูŠ ู…ู† ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ู€
518
00:43:06,910 --> 00:43:13,600
Control ุนุดุฑุฉ ู…ุงูŠูƒุฑูˆ ู„ูŠุชุฑุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุจุชุญุทูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ
519
00:43:13,600 --> 00:43:16,860
ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ู€ ControlุŒ plastic tube ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ู€ Control
520
00:43:16,860 --> 00:43:24,100
ู‡ูŠูƒ tube ุงู„ู€ Control ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ููŠู‡ุง 1 ML Reagent ูˆ 10
521
00:43:24,100 --> 00:43:30,500
ู…ุงูŠูƒุฑูˆู„ูŠุชุฑ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€ Control ู†ูุณู‡ุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุจุนุฏูŠู† ุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠ
522
00:43:30,500 --> 00:43:34,540
ุชุฌูŠุจ ุงู„ู€ patient sampleุŒ ุนูŠู†ุฉ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ ุงู„ู€ serum ุชุจุนู‡
523
00:43:34,540 --> 00:43:38,780
ุฃูˆ ุงู„ู€ plasma ุชุจุนุชู‡ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจุฏูƒ ุชูุญุตูŠ ู„ู‡ุง ุงู„ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุชุงุฎุฏูŠ
524
00:43:38,780 --> 00:43:42,880
ู…ู†ู‡ุง ุนุดุฑุฉ microliter ูˆ ุจุชุญุทูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ู€
525
00:43:42,880 --> 00:43:50,370
patient sampleุŒ ุฃุตุจุญ ููŠู‡ุง 1 ML Reagent ูˆ 10 ยตL ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
526
00:43:50,370 --> 00:43:56,730
serum ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ PatientุŒ ุจุฑุถู‡ ุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠ ุชุฌูŠุจูŠ 10 ยตL ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
527
00:43:56,730 --> 00:44:00,250
distilled water ู…ู† ุงู„ู…ูŠู‘ ุงู„ู…ุนู‚ู‘ู…ุฉุŒ ูˆ ุจุชุญุทูŠู‡ุง ููŠ
528
00:44:00,250 --> 00:44:05,830
ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ BlankุŒ ุฅุฐู‹ุง ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ Blank ููŠู‡ุง 1 ML Reagent
529
00:44:05,830 --> 00:44:11,410
ู…ุน 10 ยตL distilled waterุŒ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ ุฃู†ุง ุญุถุฑุชู‡ู…
530
00:44:11,410 --> 00:44:15,370
ููŠู‡ ุจู†ุงุช ู‡ูŠุณุฃู„ูˆู†ูŠุŒ ุงู„ู€ Control ู„ูŠุด ุฃู†ุง ุฃู…ุดูŠู‡ุงุŸ ูŠุนู†ูŠ
531
00:44:15,370 --> 00:44:19,870
ู…ุด ู‡ูŠููŠุฏู†ูŠ ููŠ ุงู„ุญุณุงุจุงุชุŒ ูˆููŠ ุฅู†ูŠ ุฃุทู„ุน ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ
532
00:44:19,870 --> 00:44:24,390
ุนู†ุฏ ุงู„ู…ุฑูŠุถุŒ okayุŸ ุตุญ ูƒู„ุงู…ูƒู…ุŒ ุจุณ ุฅุญู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุงุŒ ููŠ
533
00:44:24,390 --> 00:44:30,470
ูƒู„ ุดุบู„ุŒ ููŠ ูƒู„ ูุญุตุŒ ู„ุงุฒู… ุฃู…ุดูŠ ControlุŒ ุณูˆุงุก ุฃู…ุดูŠ
534
00:44:30,470 --> 00:44:33,330
ุงู„ู€ Normal ูˆุงู„ู€ Abnormal ControlุŒ ุฃูˆ ุฃู…ุดูŠ ู†ูˆุน
535
00:44:33,330 --> 00:44:39,170
ูˆุงุญุฏุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ู‡ูŠ ูƒู„ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุตุงุฑ ููŠู‡ุง 1 ML reagent
536
00:44:39,870 --> 00:44:44,910
ูˆููŠู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ 10 ยตLุŒ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ู…ู†ู‡ุง ู…ุซู„ู‹ุง ุงู„ู€ BlankุŒ 1 ML
537
00:44:44,910 --> 00:44:50,050
reagent ูˆ 10 ยตL ู…ูŠู‘ู‡ุŒ ุงู„ู€ StandardุŒ 1 ML reagent
538
00:44:50,050 --> 00:44:53,630
ูˆ 10 ยตL ุงู„ู€ StandardุŒ ุงู„ู€ ControlุŒ 1 ML
539
00:44:53,630 --> 00:44:57,590
reagent ูˆ 10 ยตL ControlุŒ ุงู„ู€ SampleุŒ 1 ML
540
00:44:57,590 --> 00:45:02,050
reagent ูˆ 10 ยตL SampleุŒ ุชุงุฎุฏูŠ ุงู„ุฃุฑุจุน ู‚ู†ุงุจูŠุจ
541
00:45:03,040 --> 00:45:07,600
ูˆุจุชุญุทูŠู‡ู… ููŠ ุงู„ู€ Water Bath ุนู„ู‰ ุฏุฑุฌุฉ ุญุฑุงุฑุฉ 37 ู„ู…ุฏุฉ
542
00:45:07,600 --> 00:45:12,600
10 ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ุŒ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู…ุง ุชุฎู„ุต ุงู„ู€ 10 ุฏู‚ุงุฆู‚ ุชุงุฎุฏูŠ ู‡ุฐู‡
543
00:45:12,600 --> 00:45:17,850
ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจุŒ ุจุชุถุจุทูŠ ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุงู„ู€ Spectrophotometer ุงู„ุนุงุฏูŠ
544
00:45:17,850 --> 00:45:21,590
ุทุจุนู‹ุง ุฃู†ุชู… ูุญุต ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงุดุชุบู„ุชูˆู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ููƒุฑุฉ ููŠ ุงู„ุณูˆุงุฆู„
545
00:45:21,590 --> 00:45:27,590
ูˆุจุชุถุจุทูŠ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุนู„ู‰ 505 ู†ุงู†ูˆู…ุชุฑุŒ ูƒุชุจ ู„ูƒ ู…ู† 530 ู„ู€ 590
546
00:45:27,590 --> 00:45:32,490
ุจุฑุถู‡ ุตุญุŒ ุจุชุถุจุทูŠู‡ ุนู„ู‰ ุฃูŠ wavelengthุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ูˆุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ
547
00:45:32,490 --> 00:45:36,710
ุจุชุญุทูŠุŒ ุจุชุฌูŠุจูŠ ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ Blank ุจุชุญุทูŠู‡ุง ููŠ ุงู„ู€ cuvette
548
00:45:36,710 --> 00:45:41,470
ูˆุจุชุตูุฑูŠ ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุงุŒ ุจุนุฏ ู‡ูŠูƒ ุจุชุญุทูŠ ุงู„ู€ Standard
549
00:45:41,470 --> 00:45:45,820
ูˆุจุชุงุฎุฏูŠ absorbanceุŒ ูˆุจุชุญุทูŠ ุงู„ู€ Control ูˆุจุชุงุฎุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€
550
00:45:45,820 --> 00:45:50,040
Absorbance ุชุจุนุชู‡ุŒ ูˆุจุชุญุทูŠ ุงู„ู€ Sample ูˆ ุจุชุงุฎุฏูŠ ุงู„ู€
551
00:45:50,040 --> 00:45:55,250
Absorbance ุชุจุนุชู‡ุŒ ุขุฎุฑ ุฌู…ู„ุฉ ุจูŠุญูƒูŠู„ูƒ ุงู„ู€ Color is
552
00:45:55,250 --> 00:46:00,870
stable for 60 minutesุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุงู„ูุญุต ุจูŠุถู„ stable 60
553
00:46:00,870 --> 00:46:04,630
ุฏู‚ูŠู‚ุฉุŒ ุณุงุนุฉ ูƒุงู…ู„ุฉุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุทู„ุนุช ุงู„ุฃู†ุงุจูŠุจ ู…ู† ุงู„ู€
554
00:46:04,630 --> 00:46:08,150
water bath ูˆู…ุง ูƒุงู†ุด ุนู†ุฏูŠ ูˆู‚ุช ุฃุฑูˆุญ ุฃู‚ุฑุฃู‡ู… ุนู„ู‰
555
00:46:08,150 --> 00:46:12,330
ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ Spectro ุจุณุฑุนุฉุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุชุฑูƒู‡ู… ู„ู…ุฏุฉ
556
00:46:12,330 --> 00:46:18,460
ุณุงุนุฉุŒ ุงู„ูุญุต ุจูŠุถู„ ุชู…ุงู… ูˆุจูŠุทู„ุน ู†ุชุงุฆุฌู‡ุŒ ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุฃู†ุง
557
00:46:18,460 --> 00:46:24,140
ุทู„ุนุช ุงู„ู€ Absorbance ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ Sample ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒุŒ ูˆุทู„ุนุช
558
00:46:24,140 --> 00:46:29,620
ุงู„ู€ Absorbance ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ Standard ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
559
00:46:29,620 --> 00:46:35,490
ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุฃู†ุง ุฅูŠุด ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุญุณุจุŸ ู†ุดูˆู ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† ุจูŠุฑ ู„ุงู…ุจุฑุชุŒ ุงู„ู€
560
00:46:35,490 --> 00:46:40,730
Glucose ConcentrationุŒ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ patient
561
00:46:40,730 --> 00:46:45,330
sample ุจุงู„ู€ mg/dLุŒ ุฅูŠุด ุจูŠุณุงูˆูŠุŸ
562
00:46:45,330 --> 00:46:51,230
ุจุงู„ุทุจู‚ ุงู„ู‚ุงู†ูˆู†ุŒ ุงู„ู€ Absorbance ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ Sample ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ู€
563
00:46:51,230 --> 00:46:56,830
Absorbance ุชุจุน ุงู„ู€ Standard ุถุฑุจ ุงู„ู€ Concentration ู„ู„ู€
564
00:46:56,830 --> 00:47:00,570
StandardุŒ ุงู„ู€ Absorbance ู„ู„ู€ Sample ุฃู†ุง ุฌูŠุจุชู‡ ู…ู†
565
00:47:00,570 --> 00:47:04,400
ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒุŒ ูˆุงู„ู€ Absorbance ู„ู„ู€ Standard ุฌูŠุจุชู‡ ู…ู† ุงู„ุฌู‡ุงุฒ
566
00:47:04,400 --> 00:47:09,180
ุงู„ู€ Standard ConcentrationุŒ ูƒู†ุง ุงุชูู‚ู†ุง ุฅู† ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ
567
00:47:09,180 --> 00:47:14,720
ุงู„ู€ Standard ุนุจุงุฑุฉ ุนู† ุณูƒุฑุŒ ูˆู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู„ู‡ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ู…ุนูŠู†
568
00:47:14,720 --> 00:47:19,020
ูƒูŠู ุจุฏูŠ ุฃุนุฑู ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒู‡ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ ู†ูุณู‡ุง ุจูŠูƒูˆู†
569
00:47:19,020 --> 00:47:23,820
ู…ูƒุชูˆุจ ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒู‡ุŒ ูˆุญุทู„ุนูˆุง ุฃู†ุชู… ู„ุญุงู„ูƒู… ุงู„ู€ Standard
570
00:47:23,820 --> 00:47:28,510
ConcentrationุŒ ุฃูˆู„ ู…ุง ุชุชุทู„ุนูŠ ุนู„ูŠู‡ ุนู„ุจุฉ ุงู„ู€ StandardุŒ
571
00:47:28,510 --> 00:47:32,910
ู‡ุนุทูŠูƒ ุฅูŠุงู‡ุงุŒ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† ู…ูƒุชูˆุจ ุนู„ูŠู‡ุง ุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุงู„ู„ูŠ
572
00:47:32,910 --> 00:47:35,990
ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏ ููŠ ู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ู€ StandardุŒ ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุงู„ู€ Standard
573
00:47:35,990 --> 00:47:40,610
Concentration ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุŒ ู…ู† ูˆูŠู† ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุŸ ุนู„ู‰ ุงู„ุฃู†ุจูˆุจุฉ
574
00:47:40,610 --> 00:47:44,270
ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ู€ StandardุŒ ุฅุฐู‹ุง ุงู„ุซู„ุงุซ ู…ุฌุงู‡ูŠู„ ุงู„ู…ูˆุฌูˆุฏูŠู†ุŒ
575
00:47:44,270 --> 00:47:52,630
ุจูŠู†ุทุจู‚ ุนู„ูŠู‡ู… ูˆุจูŠู†ุทู„ุน ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุชุจุนุช ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ููŠ ุงู„ู€
576
00:47:52,630 --> 00:47:57,380
Patient SampleุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุงู„ูˆุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุฅุญู†ุง ุจู†ุณุชุฎุฏู…ู‡ุง ู‡ูŠ
577
00:47:57,380 --> 00:48:01,720
mg/dLุŒ ู‡ุฐู‡ ุงู„ุดุงุฆุนุฉุŒ ู„ูƒู† ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃุทู„ุน
578
00:48:01,720 --> 00:48:06,060
ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจูˆุญุฏุฉุŒ ุจูˆุญุฏุฉ ุฃุฎุฑู‰ ุงุณู…ู‡ุง ุงู„ู€ mmol
579
00:48:06,060 --> 00:48:10,620
/LุŒ ู†ุดูˆู ูƒูŠู ุจุฏู†ุง ู†ุนู…ู„ ุงู„ู€ conversion factor
580
00:48:10,620 --> 00:48:15,040
ุงู„ุชุญูˆูŠู„ุŒ ู†ูŠุฌูŠ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุทู„ุนุช ู…ุนูƒ ุจุงู„ู€ mg
581
00:48:15,040 --> 00:48:20,000
/dLุŒ ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุจุชุฑูˆุญูŠ ุชุถุฑุจูŠู‡ุง ุจู‡ุฐุง ุงู„ุฑู‚ู… 0.05555
582
00:48:20,000 --> 00:48:26,400
ูุชุทู„ุน ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุจุงู„ู€ mmol/LุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ
583
00:48:26,400 --> 00:48:32,440
ู„ูƒู† ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุง ุนู†ุฏูŠ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจูˆุญุฏุฉ ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ per ู„ุชุฑ
584
00:48:32,440 --> 00:48:37,400
ูˆุจุฏูŠ ุฃุญูˆู„ู‡ ู„ู…ู„ูŠ ุฌุฑุงู… per ุฏูŠ ุณูŠ ู„ุชุฑุŒ ุชุถุฑุจูŠ ู‡ุงุฏ
585
00:48:37,400 --> 00:48:41,420
ุงู„ู†ุชูŠุฌุฉ ุชุจุน ุงู„ู…ู„ูŠ ู…ูˆู„ per ู„ุชุฑุŒ ุจุชุถุฑุจูŠู‡ุง ุจู€ 18
586
00:48:41,420 --> 00:48:47,440
ุจุฑุถู‡ ู„ูˆ ุนู†ุฏูŠ ุฃู†ุง ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ุจุงู„ู€ mg/dL
587
00:48:47,440 --> 00:48:51,820
ูˆุจุฏูŠ ุฃุทู„ุนู‡ ุจุงู„ู€ mmol/LุŒ ู…ู…ูƒู† ุฃู‚ุณู…
588
00:48:51,820 --> 00:48:57,100
ุนู„ู‰ 18ุŒ ุงู„ุชุญูˆูŠู„ุงุช ู„ูˆ ุญูุธุชูŠ ูˆุงุญุฏุฉ ุชุญูุธูŠ ุงู„ุจุงู‚ูŠุŒ
589
00:48:57,100 --> 00:49:01,550
ุณู‡ู„ุฉ ูƒุชูŠุฑุŒ ุชุทุจูŠู‚ ู‚ุงู†ูˆู† Beer's Law ุจุฑุถู‡ ุณู‡ู„
590
00:49:01,550 --> 00:49:05,030
Absorbance ุงู„ู€ Sample ูˆุงู„ู€ Standard ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุŒ ูˆุชุฑูƒูŠุฒ
591
00:49:05,030 --> 00:49:10,490
ุงู„ู€ Standard ุจุฑุถู‡ ู…ุนู„ูˆู…ุŒ ุจูŠุฌูŠ ู…ุน ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉุŒ ู…ู† ุงู„ุดุฑูƒุฉ ุฌุงู‡ุฒ
592
00:49:10,490 --> 00:49:16,910
ูˆุจุงู„ุชุงู„ูŠ ุจู†ู‚ุฏุฑ ู†ุญุณุจ ู…ุณุชูˆู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑ ู„ู„ู…ุฑูŠุถ ููŠ ุนูŠู†ุชู‡ุŒ ู‡ู†ุง
593
00:49:16,910 --> 00:49:23,090
ุงู„ู€ Normal RangeุŒ ุงู„ูˆุถุน ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุญูุธ ู„ู…ุง ู†ูŠุฌูŠ
594
00:49:23,090 --> 00:49:27,690
ู†ุชุญุฏุซ ุนู† ุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุŒ ุฃุฎุฏู†ุงู‡ ุงู„ู€ fasting blood sugar
595
00:49:27,690 --> 00:49:33,730
ุงู„ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุงู„ุทุจูŠุนูŠ ู…ู† 70 ู„ู€ 110ุŒ ู‡ุฐุง Normal Fasting
596
00:49:33,730 --> 00:49:40,110
GlucoseุŒ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุฅู†ุณุงู† ุซุงู†ูŠ ุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‡ ู…ู† 110 ู„ู€ 126
597
00:49:40,110 --> 00:49:44,190
mg/dLุŒ ู‡ุฐุง ุจุญูƒูŠ ุนู†ู‡ Prediabetic
598
00:49:44,190 --> 00:49:49,430
ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู…ุดูƒูˆูƒ ููŠ ุฃู…ุฑู‡ุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ุนู†ุฏู‡ risk factor ูˆุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ููŠ
599
00:49:49,430 --> 00:49:54,330
ุงู„ู…ุณุชู‚ุจู„ุŒ ุงุญุชู…ุงู„ ูƒุจูŠุฑ ูŠุตูŠุฑ ุนู†ุฏู‡ ุณูƒุฑุŒ ุทุจ ู„ูˆ ุดุฎุต ุซุงู„ุซ
600
00:49:54,330 --> 00:50:01,490
ุนู…ู„ ูุญุต ูˆุทู„ุน ุณูƒุฑู‡ 126 ูู…ุง ููˆู‚ุŒ ู…ุนู†ู‰ ุงู„ูƒู„ุงู…
601
00:50:01,490 --> 00:50:09,070
ู‡ุฐุง ุฃูƒูŠุฏ ุจูŠูƒูˆู† diabeticุŒ ุชู…ุงู…ุŸ ุฃู…ุง ุงู„ู€ 2 Hour Post
602
00:50:09,070 --> 00:50:14,490
Prandial Blood Sugar ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจู†ุนู…ู„ู‡ ู„ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ ุงู„ู†ุงุณ
603
00:50:14,490 --> 00:50:18,930
ุงู„ู„ูŠ ุจูŠุงุฎุฏูˆุง ุงู„ุฅู†ุณูˆู„ูŠู†ุŒ ุนู†ุฏู‡ู… ุจุชูƒูˆู† normal ูˆุทุจูŠุนูŠุฉ
604
00:50:18,930 --> 00:50:25,770
ูˆ ูƒูˆูŠุณุฉุŒ ู„ุงุฒู… ูŠุทู„ุน ุณูƒุฑู‡ู… ู…ู† 110 ู„ู€ 140 mg/dL
605
00:50:25,770 --> 00:50:29,450
ุงู„ู€ Random blood sugarุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุฃู†ุช ุฃูƒู„ุช
606
00:50:29,450 --> 00:50:34,830
ูˆุดุฑุจุช ูˆุชุบุฏูŠุช ูˆุณูุญุจุช ู…ู†ูƒ ุนูŠู†ุฉุŒ ูŠูุชุฑุถ ุณูƒุฑููƒ ูŠุทู„ุน ุดูƒู„
607
00:50:34,830 --> 00:50:41,070
ุทุจูŠุนูŠุŒ ุฃู‚ู„ ู…ู† 140 mg/dLุŒ ุฅุฐู‹ุง ู‡ุฐุง
608
00:50:41,070 --> 00:50:48,240
ุงู„ู€ Normal Range ู„ู„ุซู„ุงุซ ูุญูˆุตุงุชุŒ In diabetes mellitus
609
00:50:48,240 --> 00:50:52,880
ุนู†ุฏ ู…ุฑุถู‰ ุงู„ุณูƒุฑูŠุŒ the level of fasting blood
610
00:50:52,880 --> 00:50:58,480
glucose is 126 mg/dLุŒ ูŠุนู†ูŠ ู„ูˆ ุดุฎุต
611
00:50:58,480 --> 00:51:03,320
ุนู…ู„ุช ู„ู‡ fasting blood sugarุŒ ุงู„ูุญุต ุงู„ุฃูˆู„ุŒ ูˆุทู„ุน ุนู†ุฏู‡
612
00: