diff --git "a/PETROCHEMICAL/train.json" "b/PETROCHEMICAL/train.json" new file mode 100644--- /dev/null +++ "b/PETROCHEMICAL/train.json" @@ -0,0 +1,2220 @@ +{"sentence":"Alloy rayon fibers of regenerated cellulose and copolymeric acrylic acid saltsAlloy rayon fiber of regenerated cellulose and an at least partially neutralized copolymer of acrylic or methacrylic acid and a comonomer selected from an hydroxyalkyl (C2-C6) ester of such acid or a styrenic monomer. The copolymer is present in an amount effective to increase the fluid holding capacity of the fiber. Masses of the fibers are useful as surgical dressings, tampons and other fluid-absorbing articles.1. Alloy rayon fiber comprising regenerated cellulose and an at least partially neutralized copolymer of (a) at least one acid monomer selected from acrylic acid and methacrylic acid, and (b) at least one comonomer selected from hvdroxyalkyl C2-C6) esters of said acids and a styrenic comonomer, the monomer ratio (a:b) in the copolymer ranging from 95:5 to 50:50 by weight, said copolymer being present in an amount effective to provide a measurable fluid holding capacity increase for the alloy fiber.","label":"Household","id":0} +{"sentence":"Cross-linkable adhesive polymersAn adhesive composition formed by admixing under melt conditions (a) 50-95% by weight of a moisture cross-linkable silane-grafted polyolefin having a melt viscosity of less than 100,000 cps, and (b) 5-50% by weight of a polyolefin grafted with at least one ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride, and derivatives thereof. The grafted polyolefin has a melt viscosity of less than 100,000 cps, and contains a catalyst for moisture cross-linking of the silane-grafted polyolefin of (a). The adhesive may be used to bond a variety of substrates.1. A bonded structure formed from two substrates and an interposed layer of an adhesive composition formed by admixing under melt conditions: (a) 50-95% by weight of a moisture cross-linkable silane-grafted polyolefin having a melt viscosity of less than 100,000 cps, and (b) 5-50% by weight of a polyolefin grafted with at least one ethylenically-unsaturated carboxylic acid or anhydride, or salt, amide, imide, or ester derivative thereof, said grafted polyolefin having a melt viscosity of less than 100,000 cps, said grafted polyolefin containing a catalyst for moisture cross-linking of the silane-grafted polyolefin of (a), said interposed layer having been exposed to moisture to effect said cross-linking after application of the adhesive between the two substrates.","label":"Construct","id":1} +{"sentence":"Ethylene Copolymer with Improved Elasticity and ProcessibilityProvided is an ethylene copolymer with improved elasticity and processibility. More specifically, provided is an ethylene copolymer which exhibits a high zero shear viscosity and a large degree of shear thinning degree, and shows rheological characteristics behaviors differentiated from products manufactured by using the existing metallocene and Ziegler-Natta catalysts. In addition, provided is an ethylene copolymer which has a low processing load, shows differentiated behavior in Van-Gurp Palmen analysis, and exhibits excellent Neck-in characteristics.1 . An ethylene copolymer obtained by polymerization of ethylene and a C3-C18 α-olefin comonomer, wherein the ethylene copolymer has an activation energy of 40 kJ\/mol or more and a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of 2.4 or more, and satisfies equations 1 and 2 below at a section where an oscillatory torque is 60 to 6,000 μN.m: P≦168.8−97.4×t+32.2×t2−4.0×t3  [Equation 1] P≧204.3−157.7×t+58.0×t2−7.5×t3  [Equation 2] wherein, in the equations 1 and 2 above, t is an oscillatory torque (μN.m) and P is a phase angle (°).","label":"HouseConst","id":2} +{"sentence":"Co-supported catalyst system comprising chromium and group 4 metal complexPolyethylene is made by (co)polymerizing ethylene in a gas-phase reactor using a catalyst system comprising a chromium catalyst and a Group 4 transition metal catalyst, co-supported on an inorganic oxide support. The Group 4 transition metal catalyst is defined by the formula shown, wherein M is a Group 4 metal, PI is a phosphinimide or ketimide ligand (shown), L is a monoanionic ligand which is a cyclopentadienyl or a bulky heteroatom type ligand, m is 1 or 2, n is 0 or 1, and p is an integer. The co-supported catalyst system gives access to polyethylene having a broad or bimodal molecular weight distribution. In the copolymerization of ethylene, reversed or partially reversed comonomer distribution is achieved: the Group 4 component provides polymer segments having higher molecular weight and also higher comonomer incorporation than polymer segments produced at the chromium sites.1 . A catalyst system for homopolymerization or copolymerization of ethylene, said catalyst system comprising: (a) a chromium catalyst; and (b) an organometallic catalyst; co-supported on an inorganic oxide, wherein the organometallic catalyst comprises: i) an organometallic complex having the formula: wherein, M is a group 4 metal; PI is a phosphinimide ligand or a ketimide ligand; L is a monoanionic ligand selected from the group consisting of a cyclopentadienyl type ligand or a bulky heteroatom ligand; Y is an activatable ligand; PI and L may optionally be joined by a bridging group; two PI ligands may optionally be joined by a bridging group; m is 1 or 2; n is 0 or 1; and p is an integer and the sum of m+n+p equals the valence state of M; and ii) an activator.","label":"Catalyst","id":3} +{"sentence":"NOVEL MULTIFUNCTIONAL INITIATORS FOR ANIONIC POLYMERIZATION AND POLYMERS THEREFROMThe embodiments of the invention relate to a multifunctional lithiated amine-containing compound comprising at least two molecules of lithiated amine in a molecule of the compound. In one embodiment, the compound has a formula where x is an integer of 1 or more, Q is (a) an element selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, P and Si or (b) an alkylene group having from 1 to 20 methylene groups, and R1 and R2 are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of alkyls, cycloalkyls and aralkyls containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms. In another embodiment, the compound comprises cyclic lithio amines and has a formula: where x is 1 or more, R3, R4 and R5 are the same or different and represent alkylene groups containing from 3 to 20 carbon atoms.1 . A multifunctional lithiated amine-containing compound comprising at least two molecules of lithiated amine in a molecule of the compound, wherein the compound does not contain any active hydrogen that can react with carbon-lithium or nitrogen-lithium species.","label":"Automobile","id":4} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acrolein and acrylic acidA process is provided which can effectively inhibit occurrence of hot spots in reaction zones or heat accumulation at the hot spots, in the occasion of producing acrolein and acrylic acid through vapor phase oxidation of propylene in the presence of a catalyst using a fixed bed shell-and-tube reactor, said catalyst having a composition represented by a general formula (1): Mo a W b Bi c Fe d A e B f C g D h E i O x (wherein A is at least an element selected from Co and Ni; B is at least an element selected from P, Te, As, B, Sb, Sn, Ce, Nb, Pb, Cr, Mn and Zn; C is alkali metal element; D is alkaline earth metal element; E is at least an element selected from Si, Al, Ti and Zr; and O is oxygen; a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i and x denote the atomic numbers of Mo, W, Bi, Fe, A, B, C, D, E and O, respectively, and where a is 12, b is 0-5, c is 0.1-10, d is 0.1-10, e is 1-20, fis 0-5, g is 0.001-3, h is 0-3, i is 0-30, and x is a numerical value which is determined depending on the extent of oxidation of each of the elements). Said process is characterized by preparing plural kinds of catalysts having the above composition but differing from each other in (α) occupying volume, (ß) calcining temperature and\/or (γ) kind and\/or amount of alkali metal element, and filling the reaction zones provided by dividing the catalyst layer in each of the reaction tubes in the reactor into at least two layers in the axial direction of the tube, sequentially with said plural kinds of catalysts in such a manner that the catalytic activity increases from the starting gas inlet side toward the outlet side.1. A process for producing acrolein and acrylic acid through vapor phase catalytic oxidation of propylene with molecular oxygen or molecular oxygen-containing gas using a fixed bed shell-and-tube reactor, which comprises preparing plural kinds of molded catalysts which are formed of complex oxides of the composition expressed by a general formula (1): MO a W b Bi c Fe d A e B r C g D h E i O x   (1) (wherein Mo is molybdenum; W is tungsten; Bi is bismuth; Fe is iron; A is at least an element selected from cobalt and nickel; B is at least an element selected from phosphorus, tellurium, arsenic, boron, antimony, tin, cerium, niobium, lead, chromium, manganese and zinc; C is at least an element selected from alkali metal elements; D is at least an element selected from alkaline earth metal elements; E is at least an element selected from silicon, aluminum, titanium and zirconium; and O is oxygen; a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i and x denote the atomic numbers of Mo, W, Bi, Fe, A, B, C, D, E and O, respectively, and where a is 12, b is 0-5, c is 0.1-10, d is 0.1-10, e is 1-20, f is 0-5, g is 0.001-3, h is 0-3, i is 0-30, and x is a numerical value which is determined depending on the extent of oxidation of each of the elements) and which are different from each other in (α) occupying volume, and (ß) calcining temperature and\/or (γ) kind and\/or amount of the alkali metal element, the molded catalysts which are different from each other in occupying volume (α) being prepared by varying the dimensions of catalyst particles within the range of 3-15 mm, the molded catalysts which are different from each other in calcining temperature being prepared by varying the final calcining temperature (ß) within the range of 300-650° C., and the molded catalysts which are different from each other in amount of the alkali metal element (γ) being prepared by varying the atomic number g in the general formula (I) within the range of 0.001-3, and filling the reaction zones provided by dividing the catalyst layer in each of the reaction tubes in the fixed bed shell-and-tube reactor into at least two layers in the axial direction of the tube, sequentially with said plural kinds of molded catalysts in such a manner that the catalytic activity increases from the starting gas inlet side toward the outlet side and the occupying volume decreases from the starting gas inlet side toward the outlet side.","label":"Process","id":5} +{"sentence":"Catalyst system for olefin polymerization and its useA heterogeneous catalyst system comprising a novel titanium catalyst component, the product of a sequential reaction of titanium halide with carbodiimide compound and an organometallic aluminum compound, supported on such an inorganic carrier as magnesium halide and an organometallic aluminum cocatalyst component which is not methylaluminoxane, and a process for polymerization of olefin using the said catalyst system. The catalyst system has an excellent (co)polymerization properties and produces copolymers having a narrow compositional distribution, a broad molecular weight distribution and excellent morphological properties such as spherical shape and a high bulk density.1. A catalyst system for olefin polymerization, comprising: a heterogeneous catalyst component employing a titanium compound supported on an inorganic carrier, the inorganic carrier comprising magnesium halide; wherein said titanium compound is the product of a sequential reaction of titanium halide with a carbodiimide compound and an organometallic aluminum compound, and is represented by a general formula: [Equation] [(RN=C=NR)nTiAlClpR'sq] where R is an aliphatic hydrocarbon, an aromatic hydrocarbon or a silane compound; R's is an alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms; n=1-2; p=1-4; and q=1-3; wherein the organometallic aluminum compound has the general formula, [Equation] R"yAlCl3-y where R" is an aliphatic hydrocarbon and n=2-3.","label":"HouseConst","id":6} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing polyalcohols from formaldehyde having a low formic acid contentThe invention relates to a process for preparing polymethylol compounds of the formula (I) where the radicals R are each, independently of one another, a further methylol group or an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, by condensation of aldehydes having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms with formaldehyde in an aldol reaction using tertiary amines as catalyst to form alkanals of the formula (II) where the radicals R each independently have one of the abovementioned meanings, and subsequent hydrogenation of the latter. The particular inventive feature of this process is that the aldol reaction is carried out using an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a formic acid content of <150 ppm and preferably <100 ppm. In this way of carrying out the process, the formation of by-products can advantageously be prevented in a targeted manner and the yield of the desired polymethylol compound can thereby be increased.1. A process for preparing polymethylol compounds of formula (I) comprising: condensing an aldehyde having from 2 to 24 carbon atoms with formaldehyde in an aldol reaction to form an alkanal of formula (II); and hydrogenating the alkanal of formula (II); wherein the radicals R are each, independently of one another, a further methylol group or an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having from 6 to 22 carbon atoms, the condensing an aldehyde with formaldehyde is catalyzed by a tertiary amine, and the formaldehyde is an aqueous formaldehyde solution having a formic acid content of <150 ppm.","label":"Process","id":7} +{"sentence":"System and method for estimating density of a polymerSystems and methods for predicting or calculating a virtual polymer property that is related to polymer architecture of a semi-crystalline polymer or calculating various virtual polymer properties related to polymer architecture as a means to design resins for particular end-use applications that require various mechanical and physical properties.1 . A method to determine a virtual density of a polymer comprising: a) determine a plurality of density values as a function of a Molecular Weight (MW) and a Molecular Weight Distribution (MWD) profile of the polymer wherein each of the plurality of density values is determined at a different MW location across the MWD profile; and b) sum the plurality of density values to obtain the virtual density; wherein the MW and the MWD comprise data obtained as measured properties, data provided as a digitally determined value, data obtained by curve fitting the data obtained as measured properties, data provided as an arbitrarily assigned value or a combination thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":8} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing a catalyst for oxidation of methanol to formaldehydeProcess for preparing a catalyst for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, comprising reacting iron powder and molybdenum trioxide in a Mo\/Fe ratio from 1.5 to 5 in an aqueous suspension at temperatures from 20 to 100° C., and subsequently, optionally simultaneously, oxidizing the mixture with an oxidizing agent in a quantity equal to, or greater than the quantity required for the oxidation of the ferrous ion to ferric ion and to oxidize the molybdenum to the valence state 6.1. A process for preparing a catalyst for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde, comprising forming a mixture by reacting iron powder and molybdenum trioxide in a Mo\/Fe atomic ratio from 1.5 to 5 in an aqueous suspension at a temperature range of 20 to 100° C., and, then oxidizing the mixture with hydrogen peroxide in a quantity equal to, or greater than the quantity required for the oxidation of the ferrous ion to ferric ion and to oxidize the molybdenum to the valence state 6, thereby forming a precipitate.","label":"Catalyst","id":9} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene prepared with supported late transition metal catalyst systemsThe present invention relates to the field of ethylene polymerization with a supported late transition metal catalyst system.1. A process for preparing a polyethylene that is characterised by simultaneously having a content of short chain branching of at least 20 short chain branches per 1000 methylene groups and an activation energy of less than 50 kJ\/mole, the process comprising: a) supporting a late transition metal catalyst component onto an activating support to obtain an activated catalyst system, wherein the activating support comprises at least 10 wt % of aluminium, based on the total weight of the activating support; b) injecting said activated catalyst system in a polymerisation reactor with ethylene monomer, in the absence of added comonomer; c) injecting a scavenger selected from trialkylaluminium in the polymerisation reactor simultaneously with or before or after step b); d) maintaining at a polymerisation temperature of at least 70° C.; e) retrieving the polyethylene product.","label":"HouseConst","id":10} +{"sentence":"ASA graft copolymer having superior shock resistance, weather resistance, coloring properties, and method for manufacturing sameThe present invention relates to an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA) graft copolymer having a core-shell structure, and a method for manufacturing the same, wherein the core of the ASA graft copolymer is a multi-core rubber copolymer in which alkyl acrylate monomers are sequentially polymerized, and the shell is formed by graft-polymerizing a styrene-based monomer and an acrylonitrile-based monomer with the core. The ASA graft copolymer resin is manufactured by the steps of manufacturing the multi-core rubber polymer latex by sequentially polymerizing the alkyl acrylate monomers; and forming a shell layer by graft-polymerizing the styrene-based monomer and the acrylonitrile-based monomer with the multi-core rubber polymer. The ASA resin composition according to the present invention has excellent impact resistance, weather resistance, and dyeability properties.1. An acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate (ASA) graft copolymer having a core-shell structure wherein the core of the ASA graft copolymer is a triple layer-core rubber copolymer in which alkyl acrylate monomers are sequentially polymerized to form a core including a first core layer, a second core layer and a third core layer, and the shell is formed by graft-copolymerizing styrene-based monomer and acrylonitrile-based monomer with the core, wherein the particle size distribution of the triple layer-core rubber polmer is bimodal or trimodal.","label":"Automobile","id":11} +{"sentence":"Tapered triblock copolymersA tapered triblock copolymer having controlled vinyl distribution, enlarged middle block with intermediate composition and microstructure, increased compatibility between its adjacent blocks, good processing characteristics and a peak average molecular weight between 25,000 and 300,000 is made by anionically polymerizing conjugated diene and monovinyl aromatic monomers, polar modifier and initiator to make a first block rich in conjugated diene, forming a second block that is a copolymer of the conjugated diene and the monovinyl aromatic monomer and which is less rich in the conjugated diene than the first block, and forming a third block that is a homopolymer of the monovinyl aromatic monomer. The first, second and third blocks comprise 30 to 60, 20 to 50 wt % and 10 to 40 wt % of the tapered triblock copolymer, respectively. The tapered triblock copolymers may be used as asphalt modifiers, adhesives, sealants, compatibilizers, reinforcing agents and impact modifiers.1. A composition, comprising: a tapered triblock copolymer having the formula B-(B\/A)-A and having at least one B block, at least one (B\/A) block and at least one A block, wherein: (a) the B block comprises at least one conjugated diene monomer and at least one monovinyl aromatic monomer, wherein the B block ranges from about 34 to about 51 wt % of the tapered triblock copolymer, wherein the amount of the conjugated diene monomer in the B block ranges from about 70 to about 90 wt %, and wherein the 1,2-addition-vinyl content in the B block ranges from about 20 to about 41 wt % of the amount of the conjugated diene monomer in the B block, the B block being further characterized in having: (i) a controlled vinyl distribution along the polymer chain; and (ii) a monovinyl aromatic monomer content of at least 10 percent weight based on the total amount of monovinyl aromatic monomer in the tapered triblock copolymer; (b) the (B\/A) block comprises at least one conjugated diene monomer and at least one monovinyl aromatic monomer, wherein the (B\/A) block ranges from about 24 to about 46 wt % of the tapered triblock copolymer, and wherein the amount of the conjugated diene monomer in the (B\/A) block ranges from about 45 to about 66 wt %, the (B\/A) block being further characterized in having: (i) an adjacent B block and an adjacent A block; (ii) a number average molecular weight of at least 5 percent based on the total number average molecular weight of the tapered triblock copolymer; and (iii) a monovinyl aromatic monomer content of at least 5 percent weight based on the total amount of monovinyl aromatic monomer in the tapered triblock copolymer; and (c) the A block comprises a polymer block of at least one monovinyl aromatic monomer, wherein the A block ranges from about 17 to about 31 wt % of the tapered triblock copolymer, and wherein the amount of monovinyl aromatic monomer in the tapered triblock copolymer is no more than about 53 wt %.","label":"IndustConst","id":12} +{"sentence":"Metallocene catalysts, their synthesis and their use for the polymerization of olefinsA process for the preparation of a catalyst system includes the steps of combining a support material with a first composition which includes at least one aluminoxane in a first solvent to provide an aluminoxane loaded support; and, contacting the aluminoxane loaded support with a second composition which includes at least one metallocene compound, a second solvent, and a cocatalyst, wherein the cocatalyst includes a second portion of the at least one aluminoxane alone or in combination with an ionic compound and\/or a Lewis acid.1. A process for the preparation of a catalyst system, comprising the steps of: a) combining a support material with a first composition, the first composition comprising a first portion of at least one aluminoxane or mixtures thereof in a first solvent, wherein the first composition contains at least 5 mmole of the aluminoxane per gram of the support material; b) heating the combined support material with the first composition to a temperature of from at least 30° C. to about 200° C. to provide an aluminoxane loaded support; and, c) contacting the aluminoxane loaded support with a second composition, the second composition comprising at least one metallocene compound, a second solvent, and a cocatalyst, wherein the cocatalyst includes a second portion of at least one aluminoxane, alone or in combination with an ionic compound and\/or a Lewis acid.","label":"Catalyst","id":13} +{"sentence":"Process for producing hydrophobic silica powderA process for producing a hydrophobic silica powder, comprises the steps for hydrophobic treatment of: adding to a silica sol in mixed solvent having a silica concentration of 5 to 50 mass % obtained by mixing an aqueous silica sol containing hydrophilic colloidal silica having a specific surface area of 5.5 to 550 m2\/g with a hydrophilic organic solvent in a mass ratio of 0.12 to 2.5 based on water in the aqueous silica sol, a disilazane compound of formula (1) (R13Si)2NH   (1) wherein each R1is C1-6alkyl group or phenyl group that is selected independently of one another, in an amount of 0.1 to 20 mmol per surface area 100 m2of the hydrophilic colloidal silica, to obtain a mixture of the silica sol in mixed solvent and the disilazane compound; and heating the mixture at a temperature of 50 to 100° C. for aging it to obtain a slurry dispersion of hydrophobic treated colloidal silica. The process provides a hydrophobic silica powder through a simple hydrophobic treatment step.1. A process for producing a hydrophobic silica powder comprising the steps for hydrophobic treatment of: adding to a silica sol in mixed solvent having a silica concentration of 5 to 50 mass % obtained by mixing an aqueous silica sol containing hydrophilic colloidal silica having a specific surface area of 5.5 to 550 m2\/g with a hydrophilic organic solvent in a mass ratio of 0.12 to 2.5 based on water in the aqueous silica sol, a disilazane compound of formula (1) (R13Si)2NH  (1) wherein each R1is C1-6alkyl group or phenyl group that is selected independently of one another, in an amount of 0.1 to 20 mmol per surface area 100 m2of the hydrophilic colloidal silica, to obtain a mixture of the silica sol in mixed solvent and the disilazane compound; and heating the mixture at a temperature of 50 to 100° C. for aging to obtain a slurry dispersion of hydrophobic treated colloidal silica.","label":"IndustConst","id":14} +{"sentence":"Method for producing (meth)acrylic acidThe present invention provides a method for suppressing an undesirable polymerization reaction of (meth)acrylic acid in a purification step for producing (meth)acrylic acid and for avoiding troubles due to clogging of devices or the like, to thereby attain a stable continuous operation. The present invention provides a method for producing (meth)acrylic acid comprising: distilling a water-containing liquid of (meth)acrylic acid containing (meth)acrylic acid and water by using a distillation column in the presence of an azeotropic solvent boiling together with at least water to remove water from the water-containing liquid of (meth)acrylic acid through azeotropy with the azeotropic solvent, in which the water-containing liquid of (meth)acrylic acid is distilled in the presence of the azeotropic solvent after distillation by the azeotropic solvent is carried out in the distillation column.1 . A method for producing (meth)acrylic acid comprising: distilling a water-containing liquid of (meth)acrylic acid comprising (meth)acrylic acid and water by using a distillation column in the presence of an azeotropic solvent boiling together with at least water to remove water from the water-containing liquid of (meth)acrylic acid through azeotropy with the azeotropic solvent, wherein after distillation of the azeotropic solvent is carried out in the distillation column, the water-containing liquid of (meth)acrylic acid is distilled in the presence of the azeotropic solvent.","label":"Process","id":15} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic olefin compositionsAn in-reactor polymer blend including (a) a propylene-containing first polymer; and (b) propylene-containing second polymer having a different crystallinity from the first polymer. The polymer blend has a melting temperature, Tm, of at least 135° C., a melt flow rate of at least 70 dg\/min, a tensile strength of at least 8 MPa, an elongation at break of at least 300%.1. An in-reactor polymer blend comprising (a) a propylene-containing first polymer; and (b) a propylene-containing second polymer having a different crystallinity from the first polymer, wherein the polymer blend has a melting temperature, Tm, of at least 135° C., a melt flow rate of at least 70 dg\/min, a tensile strength of at least 8 MPa, and an elongation at break of at least 300%.","label":"HouseConst","id":16} +{"sentence":"Low-melting mixtures of di-n-butyl and diisobutyl terephthalateMixtures of terephthalate diesters having lowered freezing points and methods of making the terephthalic acid diesters. The method includes contacting a first alcohol, a second different alcohol and dimethyl terephthalate in the presence of a catalyst to thereby form the terephthalate diesters.1. A composition comprising n-butyl isobutyl terephthalate.","label":"HouseConst","id":17} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing low molecular weight olefin (CO)polymer and polymerization catalyst used thereforThe present invention provides a process for preparing a low molecular weight olefin (co)polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution with high productivity, by polymerizing or copolymerizing an olefin in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst comprising (A) a specific Group 4 transition metal compound, and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (B-1) an organometallic compound, (B-2) an organoaluminum compound, (B-3) an organoaluminum oxy-compound, and (B-4) a compound which reacts with the Group 4 transition metal compound (A) to form an ion pair; and compounds useful in that process.1. A process for preparing a low molecular weight olefin (co)polymer having a molecular distribution (Mw\/Mn) of 3 or smaller measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), comprising homopolymerizing or copolymerizing an olefin in which ethylene is used as a main monomer, and in a temperature range of 100° to 250° C., in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst comprising: (A) a Group 4 transition metal compound represented by the following formula (1), and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (B-1) an organometallic compound, (B-2) an organoaluminum compound, (B-3) an organoaluminum oxy-compound, and (B-4) a compound that reacts with the Group 4 transition metal compound (A) to form an ion pair; wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, and R14are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group, and a silicon-containing group, and are the same or different; and each adjacent pair of substituents R1to R14may be taken together to form a ring, M is Ti, Zr or Hf; Y is a Group 14 atom; each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of: a halogen, a hydrocarbon group, a neutral conjugated or non-conjugated diene having 10 or fewer carbon atoms, an anionic ligand, and a neutral ligand that can be coordinated with a lone electron pair; n is an integer of from 2 to 4; and j is an integer of from 1 to 4; wherein an intrinsic viscosity [η] of the low molecular weight olefin (co)polymer measured in decalin at 135° C. is 0.6 dl\/g or less.","label":"HouseConst","id":18} +{"sentence":"Asymmetric Cyclic Diester CompoundsCompounds useful as plasticizers and the synthesis thereof are disclosed. In general, the invention includes mixed alkyl\/aryl asymmetric cyclic diesters where the aryl and alkyl ester moieties are attached to a cyclic structure at vicinal carbons. The invention also includes synthetic processes of making such compounds. Blends of these asymmetric cyclic diesters with other plasticizers are demonstrated to be of use in plasticizing polymers.1 . A plastic composition comprising a polymer and a plasticizer blend comprising a. a first plasticizer comprising an asymmetric cyclic ester having the formula (I), and wherein Y is a C5 to C8 cyclic alkyl group, wherein R1is a straight chain or branched C2-C18 alkyl group, wherein W is a straight chain or branched C1-C5 alkyl group, wherein Ar is a C6-C15 cyclic aryl group having at least three double bonds, and wherein R1O(O═)C— and ArWO(O═)C— are attached to vicinal carbons of Y, and b. a second plasticizer wherein the second plasticizer is other than that described in (a).","label":"HouseConst","id":19} +{"sentence":"Polymers made with metallocene catalysts, for use in rotomolding and injection molding productsEthylene alpha-olefin copolymers formed by contacting at least one supported metallocene catalyst, ethylene, and an alpha-olefin in a gas phase reactor are disclosed. In some embodiments, the polymer may have: a density of between 0.890 and 0.970 g\/cc; a melt index of between 0.7 and 200 dg\/min; a melt index ratio of less than 30; an ESCR value of greater than 1000 hours; and a 1% secant modulus of greater than 75,000 psi. In other embodiments, the polymer may have: a density of between 0.930 g\/cc and 0.970 g\/cc; a melt index of between 10 dg\/min and 200 dg\/min; a melt index ratio of between 10 and 25; a part weight of greater than 3 g and a part length of greater than 38 cm in a spiral flow test, and; a zero shear viscosity of less than 150 Pa·s. Processes to produce these polymers are also disclosed.1. An ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer formed by contacting at least one supported metallocene catalyst, ethylene, and at least one other alpha-olefin in a gas phase reactor, the copolymer having the following properties: i.a density of from 0.940 to 0.954 g\/cc; ii. a melt index I2 of from 1.5 to 80 dg\/min; iii. a melt index ratio MI21\/MI2 of 20 or less; iv. an ESCR value of 1000 hours or greater; and v. a 1% secant modulus of 75,000 psi or greater, wherein the metallocene is bis(n-propylcyclopentadienyl)hafnium Xn, wherein X is selected from C1-12 alkyls; and wherein n is zero or an integer from 1 to 4.","label":"HouseConst","id":20} +{"sentence":"Polymerization process catalyzed by a bidentate bisphosphine-group VIII metal complexA process for the polymerization and copolymerization of olefins is disclosed, comprising contacting the monomeric olefin under polymerization conditions with a polymerization catalyst or catalyst system which comprises (a) a source of a Group VIII metal; (b) a bidentate phosphine ligand having the formula (R1)(R1)P—X—P(R1)(R1), where each R1is independently selected from a phenyl group or a substitued phenyl group with the proviso that at least one of the R1groups is a phenyl group having at least one ortho substituent, and X is a bridging group of the structure —[N]x—[P]y—[N]— where x and y are independently 0 or 1, or —C(R4)2— where R4may be the same or different and is hydrogen or a monovavlent hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl or hetero-hydrocarbyl group; and optionally (c) a promoter.1. A process for the polymerization of olefins, consisting essentially of contacting a monomer selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon olefin, an olefin having a polar functionality and mixtures thereof under polymerization conditions with a polymerization catalyst or catalyst system which includes the components: (a) a source of a Group VIII metal; (b) a bidentate phosphine ligand having the formula (R1)(R1)P—X—P(R1)(R1), where each R1is independently a phenyl group or a substituted phenyl group with the proviso that at least one of the R1groups is a phenyl group having at least one ortho substituent, and X is a bridging group of the structure —[N]x—[P]y—[N]—, where x and y are independently 0 or 1, or —C(R4)2— where each R4may be the same or different and is hydrogen or a monovalent hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group or a hetero-hydrocarbyl group; and (c) optionally a promotor.","label":"Catalyst","id":21} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing 1,3-butadiene from n-butenes by oxidative dehydrogenationA process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: absorbing C4 hydrocarbons comprising butadiene and n-butenes, obtained from oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes, in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent as an absorbent and removing uncondensable and low-boiling gas constituents comprising oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, any carbon oxides, aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and any inert gases as gas stream d2, giving an absorbent stream laden with C4 hydrocarbons and the gas stream d2, and then desorbing the C4 hydrocarbons from the laden absorbent stream, giving a C4 product gas stream d1; and at least partly recycling the gas stream d2 as cycle gas stream a2 into the oxidative dehydrogenation zone, wherein the content of aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in the cycle gas stream a2 is limited to less than 1% by volume.1. A process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: A) providing an input gas stream a1 comprising n-butenes; B) feeding the input gas stream a1 comprising n-butenes, an oxygenous gas and an oxygenous cycle gas stream a2 into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, steam, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons and high-boiling secondary components, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b and optionally at least partly removing high-boiling secondary components and steam, giving a product gas stream b′; Cb) compressing and cooling the product gas stream b in at least one compression and cooling stage, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c1 and one gas stream c2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, steam, oxygen and low-boiling hydrocarbons, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Da) absorbing the C4 hydrocarbons comprising butadiene and n-butenes in an aromatic hydrocarbon solvent as an absorbent and removing uncondensable and low-boiling gas constituents comprising oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, any carbon oxides, aromatic hydrocarbon solvent and any inert gases as gas stream d2 from the gas stream c2, giving an absorbent stream laden with C4 hydrocarbons and the gas stream d2, and then desorbing the C4 hydrocarbons from the laden absorbent stream, giving a C4 product gas stream d1; and Db) at least partly recycling the gas stream d2 as the oxygenous cycle gas stream a2 into the oxidative dehydrogenation zone, wherein a content of aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in the oxygenous cycle gas stream a2 is limited to less than 0.2% by volume by (a) contacting the gas stream d2 which leaves the removal stage Da) with a liquid absorbent for the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in a further column, (b) contacting the gas stream d2 which leaves the removal stage Da) with a solid adsorbent which adsorbs the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, (c) contacting the gas stream d2 which leaves the removal stage Da) with a heat exchanger in the form of a condenser, with at least partial deposition of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent present in stream d2 as a liquid phase through cooling, (d) conducting a thermal or catalytic post combustion of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, or (e) providing, in the absorption column used in step Da), an apparatus which reduces the entrainment of liquid constituents from the absorption column into the gas stream d2.","label":"Process","id":22} +{"sentence":"Process for the manufacture of suspension polymers of vinyl chlorideProcess for the manufacture of vinyl chloride polymers containing at least 50% by weight of polymerized vinyl chloride by polymerizing the monomer(s) in aqueous phase at 10 to 90° C. in the presence of an oil-soluble catalyst and 0.03 to 0.4 weight % of a mixture of suspending agents containing (a) a partly acetylated polyvinyl alcohol having 5 to 25 weight % acetate units (b) at least one of the following compounds: methyl-cellulose; methyl-hydroxyethyl-cellulose; methyl-hydroxy-propyl-cellulose; hydroxyethyl-cellulose; hydroxypropyl-cellulose and (c) a partly acetylated polyvinyl alcohol having 31 to 35 weight % of acetate units.1. A process for the manufacture of polymers of vinyl chloride containing at least 50% by weight of polymerized vinyl chloride units, by suspension polymerization of the monomer(s) in aqueous phase, at a temperature of from 10° to 90° C., in the presence of oil-soluble catalysts, comprising a total of from 0.03 to 0.4% by weight, relative to the monomer(s) used, of a suspension auxiliary mixture, which contains (a) from 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, relative to the monomer(s) used, of a partially acetylated polyvinyl alcohol having from 5 to 25% by weight of acetate groups and a viscosity of from 2 to 100 · 10-3Pas (measured on a 4% by weight aqueous solution at 20° C.); (b) from 0.01 to 0.1% by weight, relative to the monomer(s) used, of at least one of the following cellulose ethers having a viscosity of from 5 to 500 · 10-3Pas (measured on a 2% by weight solution at 20° C.): methyl cellulose, methylhydroxyethyl cellulose or methylhydroxypropyl cellulose, the molar substitution degree of the methoxy group being about 1.4 to about 2.4, that of the hydroxyalkoxy group, if present, being from about 0.08 to about 0.28; or hydroxyethyl cellulose or hydroxypropyl cellulose the molar substitution degree of which being about 1 to about 3.5; (c) from 0.01 to 0.2% by weight, relative to the monomer(s) used, of a partially acetylated polyvinyl alcohol having from 31 to 35% by weight of acetate groups and a viscosity of from 10 to 18 cm3\/g (measured according to German Industrial Standard DIN 53 728 in methanol at 20° C., at a concentration of 10 g\/l).","label":"HouseConst","id":23} +{"sentence":"Catalytic system for conjugated diene polymerisation, polymerisation method and functional polymer obtainedThe present invention relates to a novel catalytic system for polymerization, and more particularly for preparing conjugated diene polymers bearing a polar function at the chain end. This catalytic system is based on a metal salt of a rare-earth metal and, as alkylating agent, an organometallic compound based on a metal belonging to the 2ndcolumn or the 13thcolumn of the Periodic Table, capable of transferring a polar function to the diene elastomer during the conjugated diene polymerization step. The novel catalytic system makes it possible to reduce the steps for synthesizing a chain-end functionalized elastomer, while ensuring optimal functionalization, advantageously close or equal to 100%.1. A catalytic system for polymerization comprising: one rare-earth metal salt corresponding to the formula Ln(A′)3(B)n, in which: Ln is chosen from lanthanides, yttrium, or scandium; A′ is chosen from carboxylates, organophosphates, alcoholates, amides, alkyls or borohydrides; B is a solvent molecule complexed to the rare-earth metal; and n is an integer between 0 and 4; and one organometallic compound corresponding to the formula (I): wherein: M is a metal belonging to the 2ndor 13thcolumn of the Periodic Table; R1, R2, R3, R4, which are identical to or different from one another, are hydrogen atoms or linear or branched alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted aryl substituents, optionally bonded together to form at least one ring composed of 5 or 6 atoms, or at least one aromatic ring; A is an alkyl radical based on C, H or Si atoms; X is a chemical function bonded by a heteroatom to (CH2)m in the formula (I); L is a Lewis base; x is an integer that is equal to 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4; n and m, independently of one another, are each an integer greater than or equal to 0, on condition that n and m are not both equal to 0; z is equal to 2 when M belongs to the 2ndcolumn of the Periodic Table and is equal to 3 when M belongs to the 13thcolumn of the Periodic Table; and y is a non-zero integer ranging from 1 to z.","label":"Automobile","id":24} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition and tireThe present invention has its object to provide a rubber composition excellent in low-exothermic property, breaking strength, and crack growth resistance, and a pneumatic tire including at least one of a base tread, a cushion, a carcass and a tie gum that are prepared using the rubber composition. The present invention relates to a rubber composition including: a rubber component which contains (a) 10 to 30% by mass of at least one of a butadiene rubber modified by a compound represented by the formula (1): and a tin-modified polybutadiene rubber resulting from polymerization with a lithium initiator (b) 10 to 40% by mass of a modified styrene-butadiene rubber having a bound-styrene content of 21% by mass or less; and (c) 20 to 80% by mass of a diene rubber other than (a) and (b), and (d) 7 to 50 parts by mass of silica per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.1. A pneumatic tire comprising: at least one of a base tread, a cushion, and a tie gum that are prepared using a rubber composition comprising: a rubber component which contains (a) 10 to 30% by mass in 100% by mass of the rubber component of at least one of a butadiene rubber modified by a compound represented by the formula (1): wherein R1, R2and R3are the same or different and independently represent an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, a silyloxy group, an acetal group, a carboxyl group, a mercapto group, or a derivative thereof; R4and R5are the same or different and independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group; and n represents an integer, and a tin-modified polybutadiene rubber resulting from polymerization with a lithium initiator and having a tin atom content of 50 to 3000 ppm, a vinyl-bond content of 5 to 50% by mass, and a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of 2 or less; (b) 10 to 40% by mass of a modified styrene-butadiene rubber having a bound-styrene content of 21% by mass or less; and (c) 20 to 80% by mass of a diene rubber other than (a) and (b); (d) 7 to 50 parts by mass of silica per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component; and (e) 5 to 50 parts by mass of carbon black per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, said carbon black having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of 20 to 50 m2\/g.","label":"Automobile","id":25} +{"sentence":"Dibenzoate plasticizers\/coalescent blends for low VOC coatingsA novel, low volatility, non-phthalate plasticizer\/coalescent blend for use in paints and other polymeric coatings comprises a triblend of diethylene glycol dibenzoate, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, and 1,2-propylene glycol dibenzoate. The triblend when used in a paint or other coatings achieves a low VOC paint or coating having stable viscosity after three freeze\/thaw cycles and equivalent or superior wet edge\/open time ratings, gloss ratings, scrub resistance and block resistance when compared to traditional coalescents, including without limitation high VOC coalescents, low VOC non-dibenzoate coalescents and other dibenzoate blends. The triblend may be used as a substitute or alternative coalescent in latex and acrylic emulsion coatings, among others, to achieve a lower VOC content without sacrificing performance properties.1. A low VOC coalescent triblend additive for use in a polymeric coating composition, consisting essentially of: a. diethylene glycol dibenzoate present in amounts of at least about 60 wt. %, b. dipropylene glycol dibenzoate present in amounts of at least about 15 wt. %, and c. 1,2-propylene glycol dibenzoate present in amounts of at least about 20 wt. %, based upon the total weight of the triblend composition.","label":"HouseConst","id":26} +{"sentence":"Composite material containing a bismuth-molybdenum-nickel mixed oxide or a bismuth-molybdenum-cobalt mixed oxide and SiO2The present invention relates to a process for producing a composite material and also the composite material itself. The composite material contains a bismuth-molybdenum-nickel mixed oxide or a bismuth-molybdenum-cobalt mixed oxide and a specific SiO2 as pore former. The present invention also relates to the use of the composite material according to the invention for producing a washcoat suspension and also a process for producing a coated catalyst using the composite material according to the invention. Furthermore, the present invention also relates to a coated catalyst which has a catalytically active shell comprising the composite material according to the invention on a support body. The coated catalyst according to the invention is used for preparing [alpha],[beta]-unsaturated aldehydes from olefins.1. A process for producing a composite material, comprising the steps of: (a) preparing a first aqueous solution containing salts of bismuth and of nickel or of bismuth and of cobalt; (b) preparing a second aqueous solution containing a molybdenum compound and optionally a binder; (c) adding the first aqueous solution to the second aqueous solution, forming a first suspension; (d) adding a second suspension to the first suspension to form a third suspension, the second suspension containing SiO2 which has a pore volume in the range from 0.1 to 10 ml\/g and an average particle size in the range from 3 to 20 μm; and (e) spray-calcining the third suspension at a temperature in the range from 200 to 600° C., to give the composite material containing a bismuth-molybdenum-nickel mixed oxide or bismuth-molybdenum-cobalt mixed oxide.","label":"Catalyst","id":27} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbent resinA water-absorbent resin having high absorption capacity and a slight amount of water-soluble ingredients is produced by a process, which includes polymerizing a water-soluble monoethylenic unsaturated monomer in the presence of a crosslinking agent, and using a bifunctional compound represented by the following general formula 1 as the crosslinking agent; wherein R1and R2are a hydrogen atom or a methyl group independently, and --(X)-- is a divalent organic group combined in a straight chain type by an optional arrangement of a structural unit (A) of --(CO--CH=CH--CO--O)L-- and l=1-5, a structural unit (B) of --(CH2CH2O)m-- and m=2-100, and a structural unit (C) of --(R3O)n-- and n=0-20, in which R3is a C3-C4alkylene.1. A process for producing a water-absorbent resin, comprising polymerizing a water-soluble monoethylenic unsaturated monomer in the presence of a crosslinking agent, wherein said crosslinking agent is a compound represented by the following formula wherein R1and R2denote a hydrogen atom or a methyl group independently; X denotes a divalent, straight chain organic group comprising structural units A, B and optionally C, wherein A is 1 to 5 units of --CO--CH=CH--CO--O--, B is 2 to 100 units of --CH2CH2O--, and C is 0 to 20 units of --R3O--, wherein R3is a branched or straight chain C3-C4alkylene, with the provisos (i) that B should be located on both sides of structural unit A when X includes structural units A and B, but not C, and (ii) that at least one of B and C may be located on both sides of structural unit A when X includes A, B and C.","label":"Household","id":28} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for methacrylic acid production, coated catalyst, and process for producing the sameThe present invention relates to a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of methacrolein, comprising Mo, V, P and Cu as the indispensable active components, wherein copper acetate is used for all or a part of the necessary amount of a material for said Cu, a coated catalyst and a method for manufacturing the coated catalyst, and methacrolein is reacted in a high conversion and methacrylic acid is produced in a high selectivity by use of the catalyst of the present invention, and the catalyst can be used for reaction under high loading condition.1. A catalyst for producing methacrylic acid by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of methacrolein, comprising the active components which has a constitution represented by Formula (1) as represented below, Mo 10 V a Cu c As d X e Y f O o   (1) (in the formula Mo, V, P, Cu, As and O represent molybdenum, vanadium, phosphorus, copper, arsenic and oxygen respectively; X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ag, Mg, Zn, Al, B, Ge, Sn, Pb, Ti, Zr, Sb, Cr, Re, Bi, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ce and Th; Y represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb and Cs; a, b, c, d, e, f and g represent atomic ratios of the respective elements, with 0.1≤a≤6, 0.5≤b≤6, 079 000e−0.25 CRC+120\/CRC or a gel bed permeability which satisfies the condition GBP>33 000e−0.24 CRC+200\/CRC wherein SFC is saline flow conductivity, GBP is gel bed permeability, and CRC is centrifuge retention capacity.","label":"Household","id":137} +{"sentence":"Constrained geometry addition polymerization catalystsMetal complexes having constrained geometry and a process for preparation thereof, addition polymerization catalysts formed therefrom, processes for preparation of such addition polymerization catalysts, methods of use, and novel polymers formed thereby, including EIPE resins and pseudo-random copolymers, are disclosed and claimed.1. A catalyst composition for olefin polymerization comprising: (A) a metal coordination complex of the formula: (a) M is titanium; (b) Cp* is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl and R″ m -substituted cyclopentadienyl, bound in an η 5 bonding mode to M, wherein R″ is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl of up to 20 carbon atoms and aryl of up to 20 carbon atoms and two adjacent R″ groups may join to form a ring and m is 1 to 4; (c) Z is selected from the group consisting of CR′ 2 , CR′ 2 CR′ 2 , SiR′ 2 , and SiR′ 2 SiR′ 2 , wherein each R′ is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl of up to 20 carbon atoms, aryl of up to 20 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof of up to 20 carbon atoms; (d) Y is NR or PR, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of up to 20 carbon atoms, aryl of up to 20 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof of up to 20 carbon atoms; (e) X is, independently each occurrence, selected from the group consisting of hydride, halide, alkyl of up to 30 carbon atoms, aryl of up to 30 carbon atoms, aryloxy of up to a total of 30 carbon and oxygen atoms, alkoxy of up to a total of 30 carbon and oxygen atoms, cyanide, azide, acetylacetonate, norbornyl, and benzyl; and (f) n is 2; and (B) an activating cocatalyst selected from the group consisting of noninterfering oxidizing agents, mixtures thereof, and mixtures of one or more noninterfering oxidizing agents with one or more aluminum alkyls, aluminum halides, aluminum alkylhalides, alkylaluminoxanes, Lewis acids, or ammonium salts.","label":"Catalyst","id":138} +{"sentence":"Elastomer Compositions Modified By SilanesThis invention relates to the modification of elastomers by reaction with unsaturated silanes, to the modified elastomers produced and to articles produced by shaping and curing modified elastomer compositions. In a process according to the present, the silane has the formula: R″—CH═CH—C(O)X—Y—SiRaR′(3-a) (I) or R″—C≡C—C(O)X—Y—SiRaR′(3-a) (II) in which R represents a hydrolysable group; R′ represents a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; a has a value in the range 1 to 3 inclusive; Y represents a divalent organic spacer linkage comprising at least one carbon atom separating the linkage —C(O)X— from the Si atom, X is S or O; and R″ represents hydrogen or a group having an electron withdrawing effect with respect to the —CH═CH— or —C═C— bond; and the silane is reacted with the diene elastomer in the absence of any free radical initiator. This is advantageous because free radical initiators such as peroxides tend to degrade diene elastomers. In addition, safe handling and mixing of peroxides can be difficult for rubber compounders. The grafted diene elastomer produced has improved adhesion to substrates, for example reinforcing cords and fabrics used as reinforcement in rubber articles such as tyres.1 . A process for modifying a diene elastomer by reaction with an olefinically unsaturated silane having at least one hydrolysable group bonded to silicon, characterized in that the silane has the formula: R″—CH═CH—C(O)X—Y—SiRaR′(3-a)   (I) or R″—C≡C—C(O)X—Y—SiRaR′(3-a)   (II) in which R represents a hydrolysable group; R′ represents a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; a has a value in the range 1 to 3 inclusive; Y represents a divalent organic spacer linkage comprising at least one carbon atom separating the linkage —C(O)X— from the Si atom, and R″ represents hydrogen or a group having an electron withdrawing effect with respect to the —CH═CH— or —C≡C— bond; X is selected from S and O; and the silane is reacted with the diene elastomer in the absence of any free radical initiator.","label":"Automobile","id":139} +{"sentence":"Modified conjugated diene-based polymer and method for producing the same, and modified conjugated diene-based polymer compositionThe present invention provides a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, wherein the Mooney stress-relaxation rate measured at 110° C. is 0.45 or less, and the modification percentage is 75% by mass or more.1. A modified conjugated diene-based polymer comprising a nitrogen atom, wherein a content of the nitrogen atom is 40 ppm by mass or more based on a total amount of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer, a Mooney stress-relaxation rate measured at 110° C. is 0.45 or less, a modification percentage is 84.8% by mass or more, and a ratio of a first weight-average molecular weight to a first number-average molecular weight is 1.50 or more and 3.50 or less.","label":"Automobile","id":140} +{"sentence":"Counter-current gas-liquid contacting deviceA counter-current contacting device which includes a number of features which increase the efficiency and\/or increase the pressure differential across the device is disclosed. Systems for reducing the alcohol content of an alcohol containing beverage or wine, for stripping aroma and flavor from a fruit juice and for desulphuring a liquid containing dissolved sulphur dioxide are also disclosed. Each of these systems incorporate a counter-current contact device of the invention.1. A counter-current contacting device comprising: a housing having a vertical longitudinal axis: a rotatable shaft at least partially disposed within said housing, so as to extend longitudinally thereof, and which is vertically adjustable relative to said housing; at least one inverted cone mounted on said shaft within said housing and having at least one fin extending outwardly from said shaft and mounted along said cone and extending downwardly from said cone to provide a fin distal border; said housing having a first lower frustoconical surface over which liquid can pass and extending inwardly from the inner wall thereof and disposed so as to be approximately adjacent to said distal border and adjustable relative thereto by said relative adjustment to provide a selectable gap, a motor coupled to said shaft to rotate said shaft; said housing having coupled operatively therewith means to recirculate liquid passing through the device from at least one liquid outlet associated with said housing to approximately above said first lower frustoconical surface through at least one liquid inlet into said housing, said means to recirculate liquid including means to heat said liquid prior to its reintroduction into said housing; a second lower frustoconical surface below said first lower frustoconical surface and at least two upper frustoconical surfaces above said liquid inlet and wherein the spacing between said lower frustoconical surfaces is greater than the spacing between said upper frustoconical surfaces above said liquid inlet to provide for an increased flow volume of a liquid across said lower frustoconical surfaces as compared with the flow volume of liquid across said upper frustoconical surfaces to ameliorate flooding in said device as a result of liquid recirculating into said device by said means to recirculate liquid.","label":"HouseConst","id":141} +{"sentence":"Screw cap compositionA screw cap is disclosed comprising a composition based on a multimodal ethylene polymer having a standard density (SD) greater than 950 kg\/m3and a melt flow index MI2 of less than 10 g\/10 min, said multimodal ethylene polymer comprising from 35 to 65 wt %, based on the total weight of the multimodal ethylene polymer, of a fraction of ethylene polymer (A) having an SD(A) of more than 965 kg\/m3and a melt flow index MI2(A) of at least 10 g\/10 min, and from 65 to 35 wt % based on the total weight of the multimodal ethylene polymer, of a fraction of a copolymer (B) of ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and having a melt flow index MI2(B) of less than 10 g\/10 min and a content of said alpha-olefin(s) of from 0.1 to 5 mol %. This composition is said to demonstrate an excellent balance between ESCR, injectability and impact resistance, together with excellent organoleptic properties.1. A screw cap comprising a screw cap formed from a composition based on a multimodal ethylene polymer having a standard density (SD) greater than 950 kg\/m3and a melt flow index MI2 of from 0.8 to less than 2 g\/10 min, wherein said multimodal ethylene polymer includes from 35 to 65 wt %, based on the total weight of the multimodal ethylene polymer, of a fraction of ethylene polymer (A) having an SD(A) of more than 965 kg\/m3and a melt flow index MI2(A) from 80 to 200 g\/10 min, and from 65 to 35 wt %, based on the total weight of the multimodal ethylene polymer, of a fraction of a copolymer (B) of ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin containing from 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and having a melt flow index MI2(B) of at least 0.03 g\/10 min, but less than 10 g\/10 min and a content of said at least one alpha-olefin of from 0.1 to 5 mol %.","label":"Catalyst","id":142} +{"sentence":"Polymers with functional groupsModified homopolymer, random copolymers and\/or block copolymers of aromatic vinyls and\/or dienes contain functional groups of the general formula (I): where N is nitrogen, O is oxygen, Y is a substituted or unsubstituted bridge which besides carbon additionally contains N- or O-members, R is any desired organic radical, R1is hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, and n is a whole number greater than or equal to 1, are prepared from living anionically polymerized or from alkali metallized homopolymers, random copolymers and\/or block copolymers of aromatic vinyls and\/or dienes which, reacted with organic nitrogen compounds, have a nitrogen-alkali metal bond by reaction of polymers of the general formula (II) in the presence of a polar or apolar solvent with compounds of the general formula (III) where Me is an alkali metal, X is halogen and Y, O, N, R, n and R1(other than hydrogen) have the abovementioned meanings1. A functionally modified homopolymer, random copolymer and\/or block copolymer of styrene and an anionically polymerizable conjugated C4-C12-diene, which contains one functional endgroup of the formula (I): where Y is a hydrocarbon chain of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R is an organic radical selected from the group consisting of methyl, ethyl, n-butyl and tert.-butyl, R1is alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl, and n is a whole number greater than or equal to 1, as obtained by reacting said polymer functionally modified with a functional group of the formula (II): in the presence of a polar or apolar solvent with a compound of the formula (III): [Equation] X--Y--(COOR1)n (III) where Me is an alkali metal, X is halogen and Y, R, n and R1have the above mentioned meanings.","label":"Automobile","id":143} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbing resinsThe invention concerns a process for producing water-insoluble water-absorbing resins, which comprises the steps of initiating polymerization of an aqueous solution containing 30 to 80% by weight of (a) a hydrophilic vinyl monomer having a functional group and (b) a crosslinking agent by supplying the aqueous solution together with (c) a polymerization initiator to a polymerizing apparatus capable of heating and\/or cooling surfaces in contact with the aqueous solution, subsequently causing constant temperature polymerization of the solution without agitating the same by controlling the temperature of the system being polymerized to 20° to 70° C., and elevating, if necessary, the temperature ok the system to be in excess of 70° C. in a stage with a polymerization percentage of 70% or above before completion of polymerization. Obtainable water-insoluble water-absorbing resins have excellent water-absorbing property and have less water-soluble components. Thus, the water-absorbing resins according to the invention are useful for physiological commodities, paper diapers or like sanitary materials, drip absorbing materials, cold water retainers, dew condensation prevention materials for construction materials and so forth.1. A process for producing water-insoluble water-absorbing resins comprising the steps of: initiating polymerization of an aqueous solution containing 30 to 80% by weight of (a) a hydrophilic vinyl monomer having a functional group and (b) a crosslinking agent by supplying said aqueous solution together with (c) a polymerization initiator to a polymerizing apparatus capable of heating and\/or cooling surfaces in contact with said aqueous solution; and subsequently polymerizing said aqueous solution in the form of a sheet or a thin film with a thickness of 3 to 50 mm without agitating said solution but by controlling the temperature of the system being polymerized by heating and\/or cooling surfaces to 30° to 65° C. during polymerization, wherein the temperature difference between the polymerization initiation temperature and the highest attained temperature during polymerization is no higher than about 30° C.","label":"Household","id":144} +{"sentence":"Method of finishing with heat insulation coatingThe present invention relates to a heat insulating finish coating method which comprises coating by at least one coating a heat insulating coating material by use of (I) a porous-shaped roller or (II) a spray coating gun having a nozzle bore diameter of 0.3 to 15 mm to form a thick film having an uneven coating surface, said heat insulating coating material containing (A) a resin emulsion, (B) a hollow bead having a mean particle size of 1 to 300 μm and (C) a thickening agent and having a viscosity of 2 to 100 Pa·s, said hollow bead (B) being contained in an amount of 20 to 98% by volume based on a solid content of the heat insulating coating material, said thickening agent (B) being contained in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by weight based on a solid content of the heat insulating coating material.1 . A heat insulating finish coating method which comprises coating by at least one coating a heat insulating coating material by use of (I) a porous-shaped roller or (II) a spray coating gun having a nozzle bore diameter of 0.3 to 15 mm to form a thick film having an uneven coating surface, said heat insulating coating material containing (A) a resin emulsion, (B) a hollow bead having a mean particle size of 1 to 300 μm and (C) a thickening agent and having a viscosity of 2 to 100 Pa·s, said hollow bead (B) being contained in an amount of 20 to 98% by volume based on a solid content of the heat insulating coating material, said thickening agent (B) being contained in an amount of 0.01 to 5% by weight based on a solid content of the heat insulating coating material.","label":"Household","id":145} +{"sentence":"Reduction of odors in absorbent articlesProvided are absorbent articles for retaining a malodorous bodily fluid. The absorbent articles comprise an additive that is a quaternary ammonium salt that is water soluble at 37° C., comprises an alkyl C16-C21 chain, and contains at least two oxygen atoms in the anionic portion of the salt. Also provided are methods of preparing absorbent articles, including disposable absorbent articles, containing the above additive.1. An absorbent article for retaining a malodorous bodily fluid, the absorbent article comprising a superabsorbent powder (SAP) and an additive disposed in the SAP, the additive being present in an amount effective to reduce the malodor of the bodily fluid, wherein the additive is a quaternary ammonium salt that is water soluble at 37° C., the additive comprises 0.001-10 wt. % of an absorbent portion of the article; wherein the additive comprises an alkyl C16-C21 chain, and contains at least two oxygen atoms in the anionic portion of the salt and has a general Formula I: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4 and R5 are independently a straight or branched C1-C21 alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, dialkylamino, dialkylamido, alkylthio, (polyalkyl)aryl, cycloalkyl or an N- or O-containing ring, optionally further comprising an N, O or S, wherein one of R1, R2, R3 or R4 comprises an alkyl C16-C21 chain, wherein the moiety having the alkyl C16-C21 chain is a mixture of alkyl C16 and C18 chains; wherein any two of R1, R2, R3 or R4 may be joined to form a ring; and X is OSO3, ONO, OCQ or COO; and wherein the absorbent article is a diaper, incontinence pad, pantiliner, sanitary napkin, wipe or perspiration pad.","label":"Household","id":146} +{"sentence":"Curable composition, cured article obtained therefrom and process for preparation of the sameFine polymer particles are dispersed as primary particles in a vinyl monomer to provide a high quality composition in which the dispersed state and stability of the particles are regulated to a high degree and to provide a curable composition being excellent in handleability and using fine polymer particles as a toughness-imparting agent. For the above, the curable composition of the present invention comprises 100 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer (A) and 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of fine polymer particles (B) having a volume average particle size of 0.05 to 1 m, in which the fine polymer particles (B) are dispersed in the form of primary particles in the vinyl monomer (A).1. A curable composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a vinyl monomer (A) and 0.1 to 100 parts by weight of fine polymer particles (B) having a volume average particle size of 0.05 to 1 μm, said fine polymer particles (B) being dispersed in the form of primary particles in said vinyl monomer (A), wherein said vinyl monomer (A) comprises at least one selected from the group consisting of a (meth)acrylate monomer synthesized from an alcohol having 3 or more carbon atoms and (meth)acrylic acid, a hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, an aromatic vinyl monomer and a vinyl ether monomer; the total amount of the (meth)acrylate monomer synthesized from an alcohol having 3 or more carbon atoms and (meth)acrylic acid and the hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate in said vinyl monomer (A) is more than 50 wt % and not more than 100 wt %; said fine polymer particles (B) are particles of a core\/shell graft copolymer; and said shell layer comprises a copolymer of 100 wt % in total of shell layer monomers comprising 2 to 90 wt % of at least one monomer (BS-1) selected from the group consisting of an alkoxyalkyl(meth)acrylate, hydroxyalkyl(meth)acrylate and glycidyl(meth)acrylate, 2 to 98 wt % of at least one monomer (BS-2) selected from the group consisting of an alkyl(meth)acrylate, styrene, α-methylstyrene and (meth)acrylonitrile, 0 to 10 wt % of a polyfunctional vinyl monomer (BS-3), and 0 to 10 wt % of other vinyl monomer (BS-4) being copolymerizable with those monomers.","label":"Automobile","id":147} +{"sentence":"Film layers made from ethylene polymer blendsFilm layers made from formulated ethylene polymer compositions are disclosed. Film layers made from such formulated compositions have surprisingly good heat seal properties, and an especially good reduction in heat seal initiation temperature. The ethylene polymer compositions have at least one homogeneously branched ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer and at least one homogeneously or heterogeneously branched ethylene polymer which has a lower melt index than the first mentioned component. The first homogeneously branched ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer has a melt index higher than that of the formulated composition.1. A film layer made from a polymer composition, wherein the composition comprises (A) from 10 percent (by weight of the total composition) to 95 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one homogeneously branched ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer having: (i) a density from 0.86 grams\/cubic centimeter (g\/cm3) to 0.92 g\/cm3, (ii) a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) from 1.8 to 2.8, (iii)a melt index (I2) from 0.2 grams\/10 minutes (g\/10 min) to 200 g\/10 mm, (iv) substantially no high density fraction; and (B) from 5 percent (by weight of the total composition) to 90 percent (by weight of the total composition) of at least one heterogeneously branched ethylene polymer having a density from 0.88 g\/cm3to 0.945 g\/cm3; wherein the polymer composition has a melt index which is from 0.5 grams\/10 minutes to 30 grams\/10 minutes and which is lower than the melt index of component (A).","label":"HouseConst","id":148} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acrylic acidThe process for the distillation of a gas mixture comprising (meth)acrylic acid obtained from the gas-phase oxidation of at least one (meth)acrylic acid precursors is improved through the use of coupled distillation columns. In a first column, the gaseous mixture is dehydrated while in a second column, the dehydrated gaseous mixture is distilled into product, overhead and bottoms streams.1. A process for the recovery of (meth)acrylic acid without the use of azeotropic solvent, the process comprising: A. Cooling a gaseous reaction mixture comprising (meth)acrylic acid, the mixture obtained from the gas-phase oxidation of at least one (meth)acrylic acid precursor; B. Dehydrating the cooled gas mixture in a dehydration column to produce a dehydration column overhead stream and a dehydration column bottoms stream wherein the dehydrating is carried out without using a solvent that forms an azeotrope with water; C. At least partially condensing the dehydration column overhead stream to form a condensate, and returning at least a portion of the condensate to the dehydration column as reflux; D. Dividing the dehydration column bottoms stream into at least first and second dehydration column bottom streams, and passing at least a portion of one of the first and second dehydration column bottoms stream to a dehydration column heater\/reboiler and passing at least a portion of the other dehydration column bottoms stream to the upper half of a second column; E. Subjecting the portion of the bottoms stream passed to the second column to distillation within the second column to produce at least a second column overhead stream and a second column bottoms stream comprising heavy components; F. At least partially condensing the second column overhead stream to form a second overhead condensate, and passing at least a portion of the second overhead condensate to the dehydration column heater\/reboiler; and G. Passing at least a portion of the second column bottoms stream to a second column heater\/reboiler, and H. Providing one or more inhibitor solutions to one or more locations in the process, said inhibitor solutions comprising (i) one or more inhibitors selected from the group consisting of hydroquinone; phenothiazine (PTZ); soluble manganese ions; soluble copper ions; 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperidinyloxy (TEMPO); 4-hydroxy TEMPO; and manganese acetate, and (ii) one or more liquid stream carriers consisting essentially of water, or acrylic acid, or mixtures of water and acrylic acid.","label":"Process","id":149} +{"sentence":"Process for hydrocracking cycle oilA process for hydrocracking heavy, high aromatic content feeds, such as cycle oil, using a catalyst composition containing a hydrogenation\/dehydrogenation component, such as a noble metal, and an acidic solid component including a Group IVB metal oxide modified with an oxyanion of a Group VIB metal.1. A process for hydrocracking a hydrocarbon feedstock having an initial boiling point above about 400° F. and an aromatic content greater than about 50 wt. % comprising hydrocracking the hydrocarbon feedstock in the presence of hydrogen at a pressure of at least about 1000 psig in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a hydrogenation\/dehydrogenation catalytic component and an acidic solid catalytic component comprising a Group IVB metal oxide modified with an oxyanion of a Group VIB metal.","label":"Process","id":150} +{"sentence":"Method for producing butadiene from n-butaneA process for preparing butadiene, comprising nonoxidatively dehydrogenating n-butane from a stream (a) in a first dehydrogenation zone to obtain stream (b) comprising 1-butene, 2-butene, and butadiene; oxidatively dehydrogenating the 1-butene and 2-butene of (b) in the presence of an oxygenous gas in a second dehydrogenation zone to obtain stream (c) comprising n-butane, butadiene, hydrogen, and steam; compressing and cooling (c) to obtain stream (d 2 ) comprising n-butane, butadiene, hydrogen, and steam; extractively distilling (d 2 ) into stream (e 1 ) comprising butadiene and stream (e 2 ) comprising n-butane, hydrogen, and steam; optionally compressing and cooling (e 2 ) to obtain stream (f 1 ) comprising n-butane and water and stream (f 2 ) comprising n-butane and hydrogen and optionally recycling (f 1 ) into the first dehydrogenation zone; separating (f 2 ) into stream (g 1 ) comprising n-butane and stream (g 2 ) comprising hydrogen by contacting (f 2 ) with a high boiling absorbent and subsequently desorbing the gas constituents dissolved in the absorbent.1. A process for preparing butadiene from n-butane, comprising the steps of A) providing a feed gas stream (a) comprising n-butane; B) feeding said feed gas stream (a) into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidatively, catalytically dehydrogenating n-butane to obtain a gas stream (b) comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadiene, and hydrogen, and optionally further comprising carbon oxides and\/or steam and\/or inert gases; C) feeding said gas stream (b) and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating 1-butene and 2-butene to obtain a gas stream (c) comprising n-butane, butadiene, and hydrogen, and optionally further comprising carbon oxides and\/or inert gases; D) compressing in at least one first compression stage and cooling said gas stream (c) to obtain at least one condensate stream (d 1 ) comprising water, and a gas stream (d 2 ) comprising n-butane, butadiene, and hydrogen, and optionally further comprising carbon oxides and\/or inert gases; E) separating said gas stream (d 2 ) by extractive distillation into a product stream (e 1 ) consisting substantially of butadiene, and a stream (e 2 ) comprising n-butane, hydrogen, and steam, and optionally further comprising carbon oxides and\/or inert gases; F) optionally compressing in at least one further compression stage and cooling said gas stream (e 2 ) to obtain at least one condensate stream (f 1 ) comprising n-butane and water, and a gas stream (f 2 ) comprising n-butane and hydrogen, and optionally further comprising carbon oxides and\/or inert gases, and optionally recycling said at least one condensate stream (f 1 ) into said first dehydrogenation zone; G) separating said gas stream (f 2 ) into a recycle stream (g 1 ) comprising n-butane and an offgas stream (g 2 ) comprising hydrogen, and optionally further comprising carbon oxides and\/or inert gases, by contacting said gas stream (f 2 ) with a high-boiling absorbent and subsequently desorbing the gas constituents dissolved in the absorbent.","label":"Process","id":151} +{"sentence":"Plasticizer, cellulose ester film, polarizing plate, and liquid crystal displayA plasticizer comprising an ester compound produced by a condensation reaction of an organic acid represented by Formula (1) with a polyhydric alcohol having at least 3 hydroxyl groups in the molecule,1. A cellulose ester film comprising a plasticizer represented by Formula (2) in an amount of 1 to 25 weight % based on the total weight of the cellulose ester film: wherein R6 to R20 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a cycloalkyl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, a cycloalkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an aralkyloxy group, an acyl group, a carbonyloxyl group, an oxycarbonyl group or an oxycarbonyloxy group, provided that R6 to R20 may have further a substituent; and at least one of R6 to R20, at least one of R11 to R15 and at least one of R16 to R20 each is not a hydrogen atom; and R21 represents an alkyl group; wherein the cellulose ester film satisfies the following Relationship (2) and Relationship (3), 2.5≦X+Y≦2.9  Relationship (2) 0.1≦Y≦2.0  Relationship (3) wherein X is a degree of substitution with acetic acid and Y is a degree of substitution with an aliphatic acid having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":152} +{"sentence":"Continuous process for preparing menthol in pure or enriched formThe present invention relates to a continuous process for preparing racemic or optically active menthol in pure or enriched form by distillatively separating menthol from substance mixtures which comprise essentially menthol and diastereomers thereof. This distillatiive separation is performed in a dividing wall column with 50 to 300 theoretical plates and one or more side draw points at an absolute operating pressure of 5 to 500 mbar.1. A continuous process for preparing racemic or optically active menthol of the formula (I) in pure or enriched form by distillatively separating racemic or optically active menthol from substance mixtures comprising racemic or optically active menthol and diastereomers of menthol, wherein the distillative separation is performed in a dividing wall column with 50 to 300 theoretical plates and one or more side draw points at an absolute operating pressure of 5 to 500 mbar, wherein all product-conducting lines, vessels and apparatuses connected to the dividing wall column, and all apparatuses and lines of the vacuum system, are thermally insulated and equipped with a temperature-controllable trace heating system.","label":"Process","id":153} +{"sentence":"Resin composition and molded article made thereofA resin composition is described that is excellent in strength, impact resistance, heat resistance and moldability, while further allowing for a reduction in the amount of CO2 needed for its production. The resin composition includes a styrene-based resin (A), an aliphatic polyester (B) and at least one species selected from a compatibilizer (C) and a dicarboxylic anhydride (D), wherein the compatibilizer is preferably at least one species selected from: (C-1) a methyl methacrylate polymer; (C-2) a vinyl-based polymer to which an epoxy unit or acid anhydride unit is copolymerized; (C-3) a graft polymer in which a methyl methacrylate unit is grafted to a rubbery polymer; and (C-4) a block copolymer having a polylactide segment and a vinyl-based polymer segment.1. A resin composition comprising a styrene-based resin (A), a polylactide (B) and a compatibilizer (C), wherein the compatibilizer (C) is at least any one species described below: (C-1) methyl methacrylate polymer; and (C-3) a graft polymer in which 20 to 90 wt % of methyl methacrylate units are grafted to 10 to 80 wt % of a rubbery polymer, wherein the rubbery polymer is selected from polybutadiene, styrene-butadiene copolymer, styrene-butadiene block copolymer, acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer, butyl acrylate-methyl methacrylate copolymer and polyorganosiloxane-acryl-based copolymer, wherein (C-1) has a weight average molecular weight in a range of 10,000 to 450,000, wherein the compatibilizer (C) is present in an amount of 0.01 to 60 parts by weight based on 100 parts in total of the resin (A) and the polylactide (B), wherein the styrene-based resin (A) is a vinyl copolymer obtained by copolymerizing, relative to 1 to 100 wt % of an aromatic vinyl-based unit (b), 0 to 99 wt % of unsaturated carboxylic acid alkyl ester-based unit (a), 10 to 45 wt % of vinyl cyanide based unit (c), and 0 to 99 wt % of another vinyl-based unit (d) copolymerizable with these components.","label":"Automobile","id":154} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene and catalyst composition for its preparationA polyethylene which comprises ethylene homopolymers and\/or copolymers of ethylene with 1-alkenes and has a molar mass distribution width Mw\/Mn of from 5 to 30, a density of from 0.92 to 0.955 g\/cm3, a weight average molar mass Mw of from 50000 g\/mol to 500 000 g\/mol and has from 0.01 to 20 branches\/1000 carbon atoms and a z-average molar mass Mz of less than 1 million g\/mol, a process for its preparation, catalysts suitable for its preparation and also films in which this polyethylene is present.1. A polyethylene which comprises a mixture of ethylene homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene with 1-alkenes, the polyethylene having an HLMI of 7 to 60 g\/10 min, a molar mass distribution width Mw\/Mn of from 7 to 15, a density of from 0.93 to 0.95 g\/cm3, a weight average molar mass Mw of from 50,000 g\/mol to 500,000 g\/mol and has 2 to 6 branches of side chains larger than CH3\/1000 carbon atoms, a z-average molecular weight Mz of less than 1 million g\/mol, wherein 5-50% by weight of the polyethylene having the lowest molar masses has a degree of branching of less than 12 branches\/1000 carbon atoms and 5-50% by weight of the polyethylene having the highest molar masses has a degree of branching of more than 1 branch\/1000 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":155} +{"sentence":"Oxide powder and method for preparing the same, and product using the sameFirstly, a powder matrix is kept in a fluent state, said powder matrix consisting of a first oxide having an absorbed water amount of 0.1 to 50%, an averaged particle diameter of 0.005 to 0.5 μm and a surface hydroxyl group number of 0.1 to 25 μmol\/m 2 . Then, one or both of a halide and an alkoxide including metal or semi-metal identical with or different from the metal or semi-metal constituting said first oxide is allowed to contact with said powder matrix kept in the fluent state, by means of an inert carrier gas, and then they are heated at a temperature of from 25 to 800° C., to thereby coat said powder matrix by a coating layer consisting of a second oxide. Further, a reaction by-product consisting of one or both of a hydrogen halide or an alcohol generated by said contacting is heated at a temperature of from 200 to 1000° C. within the inert carrier gas to thereby eliminate the reaction by-product.1. A manufacturing method of an oxide powder comprising the steps of: keeping a powder matrix in a fluent state, said powder matrix consisting of a first oxide composed of one or both of a metal oxide and a semi-metal oxide, or a composite or mixed oxide from those oxides, and having an absorbed water amount of 0.1 to 50%, an averaged particle diameter of 0.005 to 0.5 μm and a surface hydroxyl group number of 0.1 to 25 μmol\/m 2 ; contacting, one or both of a halide and an alkoxide including metal or semi-metal identical with or different from the metal or semi-metal constituting said first oxide, with said powder matrix kept in the fluent state, by means of an inert carrier gas, and then heating them at a temperature of from 25 to 800° C., to thereby coat said powder matrix by a coating layer consisting of a second oxide; and heating a reaction by-product consisting of one or both of a hydrogen halide or an alcohol generated by said contacting, at a temperature of from 200 to 1000° C. within the inert carrier gas to thereby eliminate the reaction by-product.","label":"Household","id":156} +{"sentence":"Process for producing (meth)acrylic acidsA process for producing (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid esters, which comprises a reaction step comprising vapor phase catalytic oxidation of propylene, propane or isobutylene and, if necessary, a reaction step comprising an esterification step, characterized in that at the time when a high boiling mixture (hereinafter referred to as a high boiling material) containing a Michael addition product, is decomposed in a decomposition reactor to recover (meth)acrylic acids, while forcibly imparting a liquid flow in the circumferential direction to a liquid reaction residue in the decomposition reactor, the liquid reaction residue is discharged. In a process for recovering a valuable substance by thermally decomposing the high boiling material containing the Michael addition product of (meth)acrylic acids, it is possible to transfer the decomposition residue from the decomposition reactor to the storage tank without clogging, whereby a long-term continuous operation is possible.1. A process for producing (meth)acrylic acids, comprising: decomposing in a decomposition reactor a high boiling mixture formed as a byproduct during the production of (meth)acrylic acids, forcibly imparting a liquid flow in the circumferential direction to a liquid reaction residue in the decomposition reactor; recovering (meth)acrylic acid or a (meth)acrylic acid ester; and discharging the liquid reaction residue; wherein the high boiling mixture contains a Michael addition product having water, an alcohol or (meth)acrylic acid added to a (meth)acryloyl group, and the decomposition reactor comprises a liquid level meter wherein a high pressure side detection line of the liquid level meter is connected to a liquid discharge line of the decomposition reactor.","label":"Process","id":157} +{"sentence":"Polypropylene-base resin composition and products of injection molding thereofA polypropylene resin composition which comprises: (1) 55 to 75% by weight of (A) a polypropylene resin consisting of a mixture of the following polymers (i) and (ii): (i) a propylene-ethylene block copolymer having a propylene homopolymer part which is the first segment and having a propylene-ethylene random copolymer part which is the second segment and (ii) a propylene homopolymer having an intrinsic viscosity [η]P of 0.8 to 1.8 dl\/g as measured in tetralin at 135° C., (2) 21 to 30% by weight of (B) an ethylene-1-octene copolymer rubber having a melt flow rate (JIS-K-6758 at 190° C.) of 2 to 10 g\/10 min and having a 1-octene component content of 20 to 25% by weight, and (3) 5 to 20% by weight of (C) talc having an average particle diameter of not more than 3 μm, wherein when the amount of the second segment contained in the propylene-ethylene block copolymer of the polypropylene resin (A) is designated as (A)' and the ethylene-1-octene copolymer rubber content is designated as (B)', the following expression is satisfied: [Equation] 0.10≤{(A)'\/[(A)'+(B)']}≤0.30, and when the above composition is subjected to a tensile test according to ASTM D638, it exhibits, an ultimate elongation of at least 400%, and the melt flow rate (JIS-K-6758 at 230° C.) of the composition is at least 30 g\/10 min, and an injection-molded article obtained by injection molding the above polypropylene resin composition.1. A polyropylene resin composition which comprises: (1) 55 to 75% by weight of (A) a polypropylene resin consisting of a mixture of the following polymers (i) and (ii): (i) 10 to 40% by weight of a propylene-ethylene block copolymer comprised-of a propylene homopolymer first segment and a propylene-ethylene random copolymer second segment, said second segment having an ethylene content of 25 to 55% by weight, and said second segment being present in said block copolymer in an amount of 5 to 30% by weight and (ii) 90 to 60% by weight of a propylene homopolymer having an intrinsic viscosity [η]Pof 0.8 to 1.8 dl\/g as measured in tetralin at 135° C., wherein the amount of (i)+(ii) is 100% by weight, (2) 21 to 30% by weight of (B) an ethylene-1-octene copolymer rubber having a melt flow rate measured according to JIS-K-6758 under a load of 2.16 kg at 190° C. of 2 to 10 g\/10 min and having a 1-octene component of 20 to 25% by weight, and (3) 5 to 20% by weight of (C) talc having an average particle diameter of not more than 3 μm, wherein when the amount of the second segment contained in the propylene-ethylene block copolymer of the polypropylene resin (A) is designated as (A)'s and the ethylene-1-octene copolymer rubber content is designated as (B)'s, the following expression is satisfied: [Equation] 0.10≤{(A)'s\/[(A)'s+(B)'s]}≤0.30, when the composition is subjected to a tensile test according to ASTM D638 at 23° C., it exhibits an ultimate elongation of at least 400%, and the melt flow rate measured according to JIS-K-6758 under a load of 2.16 kg at 230° C. of the composition is at least 30 g\/10 min.","label":"Construct","id":158} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of monolithic silica aerogelsA process for the preparation of a silica aerogel that includes subjecting a mixture that includes an organosilicon compound and ethyl acetoacetate to hydrolysis and polycondensation in an acidic medium to obtain a transparent gel. The organic solvent is substituted by liquid carbon dioxide and the carbon dioxide is evacuated under supercritical conditions of the carbon dioxide to obtain an aerogel.1. A process for the preparation of a monolithic silica aerogel that includes the steps of: subjecting a mixture including an organosilicon compound and an organic solvent to hydrolysis and polycondensation in an acidic medium to obtain a transparent gel, substituting the organic solvent in the transparent gel with liquid carbon dioxide, and evacuating the carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions of the carbon dioxide to obtain the aerogel, wherein the organic solvent consists essentially of ethyl acetoacetate.","label":"IndustConst","id":159} +{"sentence":"Polymerization process using a dual shear mixing elementA dual shear mixing element for use in a chemical reactor. The device may be used in processes where liquids of different temperatures need to be thoroughly mixed in a short period of time and solute must stay in solution. The present invention is particularly useful in the solution polymerization of polyolefins, especially in the medium pressure process for the preparation of linear low density polyethylene.1. A process for mixing a cooler liquid having a temperature from 80 to 200° C. into hotter solution having a temperature from 150 to 300° C. in a reactor comprising a closed cylindrical vessel having A) one or more inlets; B) one or more outlets; C) a ratio of height to diameter from 1.5:1 to 3:1; and D) internally a mixing element comprising in cooperating arrangement: a. a tube which defines an open interior space, said tube having a cylindrical top section, a flared bottom section, and a fixed stator between said top section and said bottom section, wherein said fixed stator partially constricts said open interior space in the area between said cylindrical top section and said flared bottom section; b. a combined auger and impeller comprising: b1. a central shaft rotatable within said tube; b2. at least one auger flight integrally attached to said central shaft so as to describe a helix about said central shaft, wherein said auger flight is located within, and rotatable within, said open space of said cylindrical top section of said tube; and b3. a series of impeller blades attached to said shaft below said fixer stator and said at least one auger flight at a distance sufficient to permit clearance between said fixed stator and said at least one auger flight, wherein said impeller blades are located within, and rotatable within, said open space within said flared bottom section of said tube, with the proviso that the rotation diameter of said impeller blades is greater than the rotation diameter of said at least one auger flight, said mixing element having a height from 0.75 to 0.90 the internal height of said reactor, at least one of said one or more inlets being located in the bottom of said closed cylindrical vessel and the flared portion of said tube being proximate said at least one inlet; wherein said cooler liquid has a temperature of at least 20° C. cooler than said solution; said process comprising introducing said relatively cooler liquid into said reactor through said inlet proximate said flared portion of said tube and rotating the central shaft at a speed sufficient to provide turbulent conditions within said flared portion.","label":"HouseConst","id":160} +{"sentence":"Surface-modified hydrogels and hydrogel microparticlesProvided in various embodiments are surface-modified hydrogels and hydrogel microparticles, methods for their preparation, and uses thereof for delivery of personal care and healthcare active ingredients, and agricultural active ingredients. In some embodiments, such hydrogels and hydrogel microparticles comprise surface coatings that are resistant to solvent washing and can act as barriers for the migration of water and\/or water-compatible alcohols and actives soluble therein.1. A method for the preparation of surface-modified hydrogels and hydrogel microparticles, comprising: treating in the presence of oxygen a hydrogel comprising Component (A), at least one water-compatible organic polymer, alcohol-compatible organic polymer, or any combination thereof, wherein Component (A) is selected from polyacrylic acid, poly(meth)acrylic acid, salts of polyacrylic acid, salts of polymethacryliccr lic anhydride, polyacrylic anhydride, and any combination thereof, with Component (B), at least one free-radical polymerizable organopolysiloxane that is immiscible with water, water-compatible alcohols, or combinations thereof, and that is selected from acrylate and methacrylate-functional polydimethylsiloxanes and acrylate and methacrylate-functional silanes, at least one suitable water-immiscible solvent for Component (B) selected from hexamethyldisiloxane, octamethyltrisiloxane, and decamethyltetrasiloxane, and Component (C), at least one organoborane free radical initiator; wherein the hydrogel is fully-or partially-swollen with an absorbable solvent selected from water, alcohols, and any combination thereof, prior to the treating with each of the Component (B), the at least one suitable solvent for Component (B), and the Component (C), the hydrogel is at least one of a non-flowable monolith, a sheared or pulverized monolith, and microparticles, and the treating forms at least one modified surface on the hydrogel or hydrogel microparticles.","label":"Household","id":161} +{"sentence":"Super absorbent polyacrylic acid (salt)-based resin powder, method for manufacturing same, and method for evaluating sameThe present invention provides polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin powder having an excellent fluid retention capacity under pressure, an excellent water absorption speed, and an excellent liquid permeability and a method for producing the polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin powder. The earlier-described objects are attained by: a method for producing water-absorbing resin powder which includes adding an inorganic compound to a crosslinked hydrogel polymer obtained in a polymerization step of polymerizing a polyacrylic acid (salt) and performing crushing in specific gel-crushing conditions; and the resultant water-absorbing resin powder.1. Polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin powder comprising a polyacrylic acid (salt) as a main component, wherein some particles of said polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin powder include an inorganic compound internally present therein, said polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin powder satisfying the following physical properties (1) to (4): (1) a water absorption time according to a vortex method (Vortex) is 42 seconds or less or a free swell rate (FSR) is 0.28 g\/(g·s) or more; (2) a percentage of water-absorbing resin powder having a particle size of 150 μm or more and less than 850 μm is 90 weight % or more; (3) a gel particle'ss collapse rate at swelling is 10 weight % or less; (4) an internal gas bubble ratio defined by the following equation is 0.1% to 2.5%: Internal gas bubble ratio (%)=(true density−apparent density)\/true density×100.","label":"Household","id":162} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for producing acrylic acids and acrylatesThe invention is to a process for producing an acrylate product. The process includes the steps of contacting an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent over a catalyst composition under conditions effective to produce the acrylate product. The catalyst composition comprises vanadium, titanium and tungsten. Preferably, the catalyst comprises vanadium to tungsten at a molar ratio of at least 0.02:1, in an active phase.1. A catalyst composition, comprising an active phase comprising: vanadium, titanium, from 12 wt % to 21 wt % phosphorus, and tungsten, wherein the catalyst composition is suitable for use in an aldol condensation of an alkanoic acid and an alkylenating agent to form an acrylate product.","label":"Catalyst","id":163} +{"sentence":"Polyvinyl chloride plastisol compositionA polyvinyl chloride plastisol composition is provided, which contains as essential components (A) polyvinyl chloride resin particles prepared by microsuspension polymerization of vinyl chloride in the presence of a polymethyl methacrylate resin soluble in vinyl chloride and having polymethyl methacrylate resin localized on the surfaces of the resin particles, and (B) a plasticizer, and which has excellent thermal stability and stability with time of viscosity. The composition can be used advantageously as a material for use in processing procedures in which heat accumulates in plastisol being retained, for example, in slush processing, dip processing, etc. or for use in coating processing in which adhesiveness is required.1. A polyvinyl chloride plastisol composition comprising, as essential components: (A) polyvinyl chloride resin particles having a polymethyl methacrylate resin soluble in vinyl chloride localized on surfaces of said resin particles, said polymethyl methacrylate resin having a weight average molecular weight within the range of from 10,000 to 5,000,000, said polymethyl methacrylate resin being present in said polyvinyl chloride resin particles in an amount of 0.5 to 30% by weight based on the weight of the polyvinyl chloride resin particles; and (B) a plasticizer.","label":"HouseConst","id":164} +{"sentence":"Plastisol compositionThis invention discloses a process for applying a rubbery coating to a substrate which comprises: (1) dipping the substrate into a plastisol composition in a manner whereby the plastisol composition is applied to the surface of the substrate, wherein the plastisol composition is comprised of (i) polyvinyl chloride, (ii) from about 70 to about 100 parts of a plasticizer per 100 parts of the polyvinylchloride, (iii) from about 1 to about 3 parts of a stabilizer and (iv) from about 10 to about 30 parts of a highly crosslinked nitrile rubber composition per 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride, wherein the highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has repeat units which are derived from (a) 1,3-butadiene, (b) acrylonitrile and (c) a crosslinking agent, and wherein said highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has a Mooney viscosity of about 50 to about 120, a swelling index of less than about 10 percent, a mill shrinkage of less than 10 percent and a gel content of greater than 90 percent; (2) removing the substrate from the plastisol composition to produce a plastisol coated substrate; (3) heating the plastisol-coated substrate to a temperature which is within the range of about 150° C. to about 200° C. for a period which is sufficient to fuse the plastisol composition to the substrate producing a rubber-coated substrate. The highly crosslinked rubber compositions of this invention can be utilized in slush molding applications.1. A plastisol composition which can be utilized in manufacturing articles having good fluid resistance, low temperature flexibility and slip resistance, said plastisol composition being comprised of (1) polyvinyl chloride, (2) from about 70 to about 100 parts of a plasticizer per 100 parts of the polyvinylchloride, (3) from about 1 to about 3 parts of a stabilizer and (4) from about 10 to about 30 parts of a highly crosslinked nitrile rubber composition per 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride, wherein the highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has repeat units which are derived from (a) 1,3-butadiene, (b) acrylonitrile and (c) a crosslinking agent, and wherein said highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has a Mooney viscosity of about 50 to about 120, a swelling index of less than about 10 percent, a mill shrinkage of less than 10 percent and a gel content of greater than 90 percent.","label":"HouseConst","id":165} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing a diene copolymer comprising a polyether block, diene copolymer comprising a polyether block, reinforced rubber composition and tireA process for preparing a functionalized or unfunctionalized diene block copolymer comprising at least one polyether block of number-average molecular weight approximately from 150 to 5000 g\/mol linked to at least one block constituted of a diene elastomer via at least one silicon atom. The process allows a high degree of grafting of the polyether to the polymer chains. Also disclosed is a reinforced rubber composition, especially intended for the manufacture of tires, comprising such a diene block copolymer which is intended to interact with the reinforcing filler. Such a rubber composition has improved hysteresis properties in the vulcanized state, while retaining satisfactory processing properties in the non-vulcanized state.1. A process for preparing a diene block copolymer, of which at least one of said blocks is constituted of a diene elastomer and at least the other of said blocks is constituted of a polyether, wherein the process comprises a step of reacting a living diene elastomer with a functionalizing agent having a functional polyether block of number-average molecular weight from 150 to 5000 g\/mol, represented by general formula I: R1 A)m  Formula I in which: R1represents a C1-C15 alkyl, C6-C15 aryl or C7-C15 aralkyl hydrocarbon-based derivative of valency m; m is an integer from 1 to 4; and A represents, identically or differently when m is greater than 1, the group of general formula II in which: R2represents a C1-C10 alkylene radical; R3represents a divalent hydrocarbon derivative from C1-C50 alkyl, C6-C50 aryl or C7-C50 aralkyl hydrocarbon-based derivative; R4represents a C1-C50 alkyl, C6-C50 aryl or C7-C50 aralkyl radical; X represents, identically or differently when i is equal to 0 or 1, a group chosen from a halogen atom and a group of formula —OR5in which R5represents a C1-C18 alkyl, C5-C18 cycloalkoxyl or C6-C18 aryl radical; n is a number greater than 1, so that the polyether block has a number-average molecular weight from 150 to 5000 g\/mol; and i is an integer from 0 to 2.","label":"Automobile","id":166} +{"sentence":"Plasticizer, plasticized resin composition and process for preparation thereofPlasticizers are prepared from a monomer mixture consisting essentially of (A) one or more olefins having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and (B) one or more C1to C6esters or diesters of monoethylenically unsaturated mono- or di-carboxylic acids. Blends of the plasticizers with different polymers, for example polyvinyl chloride, are also prepared.1. A blend of about 1 to 600 parts by weight of a plasticizer which is the free radical polymerization product of (A) one or more monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and (B) one or more C1-C6esters of monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, or diesters of monoethylenically unsaturated dicarboxylic acids, the number average molecular weight being about 500 to 6000, the number ratio of (A) to (B) being about 0.1\/1 to 1.5\/1, with about 100 parts of different polymer.","label":"Automobile","id":167} +{"sentence":"Anionic polymerization diinitiator and process for preparing sameDisclosed is an anionic diinitiator prepared using a diisopropenyl benzene compound and an organo lithium compound having primary polymerization sites. The anionic diinitiators are prepared by admixing a diisopropenyl benzene compound with diethyl ether, ethylene, an organo lithium compound, and a solvent under reaction conditions sufficient to prepare a diinitiator having primary lithium alkyl reactive sites. The diinitiators are particularly useful in preparing block copolymers.1. An anionic polymerization diinitiator prepared by admixing a diisopropenyl benzene compound selected from the group 1,2-diisopropenylbenzene; 1,3-diisopropenylbenzene; 1,4-diisopropenylbenzene; 3,4,5,6 - tetramethyl-1,2-diisopropnenylbenzene; 2,4,5,6-tetraethyl-1,3-diiso-propenylbenzene; 2,3,5,6-tetra-n-hexyl-1,4-diisopropenyl-benzene; 3,4-dicyclohexyl-1,2-diisopropenyl-benezene; 5-(3-methyl-cyclopentyl)-1,3-diiso-propenylbenzene; 3-cyclopentyl-methyl-6-n-propyl-1,4 -diisopropenyl-benzene; 4-(2-cyclo-butyl-1-ethyl)-1,2-diisopropenylbenzene; 3-(2-n-propylcyclopropyl)-1,4-diisopropenylbenzene; 2-methyl-5 -n-hexyl-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene; 4-methyl-1,2-diiso-propenyl-benzene; 5-ethyl-1,3-diisopropenylbenzene; 3-methyl-1,4-diisopropenylbenzene; and mixtures thereof, with diethyl ether, ethylene, an organo lithium compound, and a solvent under reaction conditions sufficient to prepare a diinitiator having primary lithium alkyl reactive sites.","label":"Automobile","id":168} +{"sentence":"Terminal modifier for conjugated diene polymersDisclosed is a terminal modifier for conjugated diene polymers. The terminal modifier has both at least two amine groups and at least one alkoxysilane group. A terminally modified conjugated diene polymer which is coupled at the terminus with the terminal modifier, and a polymer composition for use in tires, comprising the terminally modified, conjugated diene polymer are also provided. When applied to tire treads, the polymer composition comprising the terminally modified, conjugated diene polymer significantly increases the disperability and binding to rubber of silica, thereby greatly contributing to an improvement of the tire treads in dynamic properties including wet traction, rolling resistance, Mooney viscosity and processability.1. A terminal modifier for a conjugated diene polymer, represented by the following Formula 1: wherein X represents nitrogen (N), Si—R11, Si—R12—N(R13)(R14), C—R11, or C—R12—N(R13)(R14); R1, R2, and R3, which may be the same or different, independently represent a monovalent, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R4, R5, R6, R7, R11, R13and R14, which may be the same or different, independently represent a hydrogen atom, or a monovalent, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R8, R9, R10, and R12, which may be the same or different, independently a bivalent saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain of 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and m and n are respectively an integer of 0 to 2, satisfying the condition of m+n=2.","label":"Automobile","id":169} +{"sentence":"Polymer composition for caps and closuresPolyethylene composition having a density of 950-960 kg\/m3, a SHI(1,100) of 4-12, a melt index MI2 between 0.2 and 2 g\/10 min, and a relationship between spiral flow ‘SF’ (measured in mm at 250° C.\/1000 bar\/100 mm\/s) and ESCR ‘E’ (measured in hours) of E>200−SF. The composition contains 48-62 wt % of an ethylene polymer (A) and 38-52 wt % of an ethylene copolymer (B). Copolymer (B) has a higher weight average molecular weight than polymer (A), and both of fractions (A) and (B) have a reverse comonomer distribution such that comonomer content increases with increasing molecular weight in the individual fraction.1. Polyethylene composition having a density of 950-960 kg\/m3, a SHI(1,100) of 4-12, a melt index MI2 between 0.2 and 2 g\/10 min, and a relationship between spiral flow ‘SF’ (measured in mm at 250° C.\/1000 bar\/100 mm\/s) and ESCR ‘E’ (measured in hours) of E>200−SF, wherein the composition comprises 48-62 wt % of an ethylene polymer (A) and 38-52 wt % of an ethylene copolymer (B), copolymer (B) having a higher weight average molecular weight than copolymer (A), and both of fractions (A) and (B) have a reverse comonomer distribution such that comonomer content increases with increasing molecular weight in the individual fraction.","label":"HouseConst","id":170} +{"sentence":"Mesoporous permeation layers for use on active electronic matrix devicesThe present invention provides improved synthetic polymer hydrogel permeation layers for use on active electronic matrix devices for biological assays. The permeation layers have a defined porous character, with mesopores in a size range between about 100 nanometers and about 1000 nanometers, and may also have micropores in the micrometer size range. The mesoporous synthetic hydrogel permeation layers demonstrate improved signal intensity and linearity characteristics as compared to nanoporous synthetic hydrogel permeation layers on active electronic matrix devices. In addition, the present invention also provides synthetic polymer hydrogel permeation layers which contain copolymerized attachment sites for nucleic acid probes or other biomolecules.1. A mesoporous synthetic polymer hydrogel permeation layer overlying an electrode on a substrate, wherein the permeation layer comprises mesopores which are between about 100 nm and 1000 nm across, wherein the permeation layer is covalently anchored to the electrode and wherein the electrode comprises a silicon-containing conductive material.","label":"IndustConst","id":171} +{"sentence":"Manufacturing method for molded multilayer articleA multilayer article such as a door trim board is fabricated by the steps of extruding melted resin layers (13m), (12m) and (11m) respectively forming a soft skin material (13), a foamed soft intermediate layer (12) and a base member (11) in the form of a multilayer resin sheet from a die-head (40) of an extruding machine, supply the extruded multilayer resin sheet to a molding machine in such a manner that the resin layer for the skin material is placed on a lower molding die of the molding machine and molding the resin layers in the form of the multilayer article. The resin layer for the skin material consists of thermoplastic elastomer, the resin layer for the intermediate layer consists of ethylenic copolymer copolymerized with ethylene and at least radical copolymerizable acid anhydride, and the resin layer for the base member consists of olefinic resin. The thermoplastic elastomer for the skin material is prepared in the form of olefinic thermoplastic elastomer and\/or styrenic thermoplastic elastomer The melting flow rate of the thermoplastic elastomer is determined to be 0.1-200 g\/10 min at 230° C. under load of 2.16, and the shore A hardness of the elastomer is determined to be in a range of 50-96.1. A manufacturing method of a multilayer article composed of a soft skin material, a foamed intermediate layer and a base member, said method comprising the steps of: extruding a melted resin layer for the skin material, a melted resin layer for the intermediate layer containing a foaming agent and a melted resin layer for the base member in the form of a multilayer resin sheet from a die-head of an extruding machine having extrusion slits on a lower molding die of a molding machine in such a manner that the melted resin layer for the base member is placed on the lower molding die of the molding machine while the die-head is being moved in a horizontal direction perpendicular to the extrusion slits; and moving down a pre-heated upper molding die of the molding machine and clamping the upper molding die with the lower molding die to foam the resin layer and to mold the extruded resin layers under pressure in a multilayer article.","label":"Automobile","id":172} +{"sentence":"Aerogel\/PTFE composite insulating materialA material comprising aerogel particles and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder is formed having a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 mW\/m K at atmospheric conditions. The material is moldable or formable, having little or no shedding of filler particles, and may be formed into structures such as tapes or composites, for example, by bonding the material between two outer layers. Advantageously, composites may be flexed, stretched, or bent without significant dusting or loss of insulating properties.1. A materiel comprising greater than or equal to about 40% wt aerogel particles and less than or equal to about 60% wt polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particle having a particle size of from about 50 nm to about 600 μm as a binder, wherein the material is a powder or a putty, and the material has a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 milliwatts per meter Kelvin (mW\/m K) at atmospheric conditions (298.15 K and 101.3 kPa).","label":"IndustConst","id":173} +{"sentence":"Silane-grafted olefin polymers, compositions and articles prepared therefrom, and methods for making the sameThe invention relates compositions containing at least one silane-grafted polyolefin, and in particular, to compositions containing at least one silane-grafted ethylene\/α-olefin polymer, which has a melt viscosity less than 50,000 cP, and adhesives containing the same. In one embodiment, the at least one silane-grafted ethylene\/α-olefin polymer is formed from an ethylene\/α-olefin polymer that has a molecular weight distribution from 1 to 3.5. The invention also relates to the preparation of the silane-grafted polymers, by reacting, for example, an ethylene\/α-olefin polymer with at least one silane compound and at least one initiator.1. An adhesive composition consisting of the following: A) from 20 to 65 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition, of at least one silane-grafted ethylene\/α-olefin polymer, and wherein the silane-grafted ethylene\/α-olefin polymer has a melt viscosity from 2,000 cP to less than 50,000 cP, at 350° F. (177° C.), a density from 0.855 g\/cm3to 0.895 g\/cm3, and a molecular weight distribution from greater than 1 and less than, or equal to, 3.5 and wherein the at least one silane-grafted ethylene\/α-olefin polymer is formed from an ethylene\/α-olefin polymer, having a percent crystallinity from 2 percent to less than 25 percent, and at least one melting temperature from 50° C. to 80° C., and a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) from 1 to 3.5, and wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin polymer has long chain branching; B) from 10 to 60 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition, of at least one tackifying resin; C) from 0 to 40 percent by weight, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition, of at least one wax; D) from 0 to less than 50 weight percent by weight, based on the total weight of the adhesive composition, of one or more oils; E) optionally one or more crosslinking catalysts; and F) one or more stabilizers; and wherein the composition comprises at least one wax and\/or at least one oil.","label":"HouseConst","id":174} +{"sentence":"Catalytic body coated with metal oxide, method of manufacturing the same, and method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the sameAccording to an embodiment of the present invention, there are provided a catalytic body, a method of manufacturing the same, and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the same. The catalytic body includes an inactive support; an intermediate layer disposed on a surface of the inactive support; and an active layer disposed on a surface of the intermediate layer, wherein the active layer includes catalyst powder and a binder.1. A catalytic body comprising: an inactive support; an intermediate layer disposed on a surface of the inactive support; and an active layer disposed on a surface of the intermediate layer, wherein: the active layer includes catalyst powder and a binder; the binder includes an inorganic binder; the inorganic binder is included in an amount of 5 to 20 wt % with respect to a total weight of the catalyst powder and the inorganic binder; and the catalyst powder has a weight of 200 to 500 g\/L with respect to a volume of the inactive support.","label":"Catalyst","id":175} +{"sentence":"Polyvinyl chloride compositionsA polyvinyl chloride composition having polyvinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer ester selected from di-butyl terephthalate, di-isobutyl terephthalate, or mixtures thereof.1. A free-flowing powder composition comprising PVC resin particles, a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of di-butyl terephthalate, di-isobutyl terephthalate and mixtures thereof, and at least one additional plasticizer selected from the group consisting of di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate, triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, tri-n-butyl citrate, acetytri-n-butyl citrate, acetyltri-n-hexyl citrate, n-butyl tri-n-hexyl citrate, diisononyl phthalate, diisononyl cyclohexane 1,2-dicarboxylate, dioctyl terephthalate, tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate, di-2-propylheptyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, diisoundecyl phthalate, ditridecyl phthalate, triisononyl trimellitate, and di-2-ethylhexyl adipate; wherein the plasticizers are present in the composition in an amount from about 20 to 120 parts plasticizer per 100 parts PVC resin, and wherein at least 10 weight percent of the total plasticizer is di-butyl terephthalate, di-isobutyl terephthalate or a mixture thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":176} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition and tireThe present invention has its object to provide a rubber composition that can be used for a tread to supply a tire having both low heat build-up property and good wet grip performance. The present invention relates to a rubber composition including: silica and a rubber component that contains a modified butadiene rubber having a vinyl content of 35% by weight or less and having, in a main chain thereof, a constitutional unit derived from a specific nitrogen-containing compound, wherein an amount of the modified butadiene rubber is 5 to 45% by weight per 100% by weight of the rubber component, and wherein an amount of the silica is 10 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.1. A rubber composition comprising: silica and a rubber component that contains a modified butadiene rubber having a vinyl content of 35% by weight or less and having, in a main chain thereof, a constitutional unit derived from a nitrogen-containing compound represented by the formula: wherein R1and R2are each hydrogen, the formula: or the formula: provided that at least one of R1and R2is not hydrogen, R3represents hydrogen or a C1-4 hydrocarbon group, X represents a saturated ring-forming part consisting of (CR8R9)l, (CR10R11)m—NR12—(CR13R14)n, (CR10R11)m—O—(CR13R14)n, or (CR10R11)m—S—(CR13R14)n, X may be substituted with the formula: or the formula: Z represents a saturated ring-forming part consisting of (CR8R9)l, (CR10R11)m—NR12—(CR13R14)n, (CR10R11)m—O—(CR13R14)n, or (CR10R11)m—S—(CR13R14)n, R4to R7each represent hydrogen, a C1-30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a C3-30 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a C5-30 aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a heterocyclic group containing 3 to 30 annular atoms, and are the same as or different from each other, R0, and R8to R14each represent hydrogen, a C1-30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a C3-30 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, or a C5-30 aromatic hydrocarbon group, and are the same as or different from each other, and l represents an integer of 3 to 10, and m and n each represent an integer of 1 to 9, wherein the modified butadiene rubber consists essentially of constitutional units derived from butadiene and the constitutional units derived from the nitrogen-containing compounds, wherein an amount of the modified butadiene rubber is 5 to 45% by weight per 100% by weight of the rubber component, and wherein an amount of the silica is 10 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the rubber component.","label":"Automobile","id":177} +{"sentence":"Porous body and method of making the porous body[none] A method of making a porous body, including a dry gel, includes the step of forming the dry gel. The step of forming the dry gel includes the steps of: preparing a first gel having a first skeleton and pores; and restructuring the first gel by decomposing at least a portion of the first skeleton and forming a second skeleton, which is thicker than the first skeleton.1 . A method of making a porous body including a dry gel, the method comprising the step of forming the dry gel, wherein the step of forming the dry gel includes the steps of: preparing a first gel having a first skeleton and pores; and restructuring the first gel by decomposing at least a portion of the first skeleton and forming a second skeleton, which is thicker than the first skeleton.","label":"IndustConst","id":178} +{"sentence":"Method and apparatus for making aerogel filmA method for making an aerogel film includes the steps of performing a gelation reaction of a metal alkoxide on a substrate to prepare a substrate with a wet-gel film, and converting the wet-gel film into an aerogel film by a supercritical or sub-critical drying process of the substrate with the wet-gel film, wherein the degree of gelation of the wet-gel film is controlled to be a predetermined value at the start of the supercritical or sub-critical drying process. Aerogel films having uniform qualities are produced by the supercritical or sub-critical drying process in one lot.1. An apparatus for making a predetermined number of substrates each having an aerogel film of substantially the same porosity, comprising: substrate supporting means for supporting a substrate; wet-gel film forming means for forming a wet-gel film on the substrate supported by the substrate supporting means; holding means for holding substrates with the wet-gel films; supercritical or sub-critical drying means for drying the substrate with the wet-gel films held in the holding means in a supercritical or sub-critical medium; and supercritical or sub-critical drying control means for initiating the supercritical or sub-critical drying by the supercritical or sub-critical drying means when a degree of gelation of each of the wet-gel films on the substrates held in the holding means reaches a predetermined value so that the wet-gel films are dried into the aerogel films of substantially the same porosity.","label":"IndustConst","id":179} +{"sentence":"New and novel engineering resin thermoplastic silicone vulcanizatesA method for preparing a modified thermoplastic resin by mixing a thermoplastic resin having a tg of 95° C. or greater and having a melt processing temperature of 250° C. or greater with a silicone base comprised of 100 parts by weight of a diorganopolysiloxane gum and having an average of at least 2 alkenyl groups per molecule in conjunction with 0 to 50 parts by weight of a reinforcing filler along with a radical initiator. The silicone base and this combination are dynamically vulcanized to cure the silicone base at an elevated temperature.1 . A method for preparing a modified thermoplastic, said method comprising: (I) mixing (A) a thermoplastic resin having a tg of 95° C. or greater and having a melt processing temperature of 250° C. or greater; (B) a silicone base comprising: (i) 100 parts by weight of a diorganopolysiloxane gum having a plasticity of at least 30 and having an average of at least 2 alkenyl groups per molecule and (ii) 0 to 50 parts by weight of a reinforcing filler for every 100 parts of diorganopolysiloxane gum, wherein the weight ratio of said silicone base to said thermoplastic resin is from 0.5:99.5 to 85:15; (C) 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a radical initiator for every 100 parts by weight of the silicone base, and (II) dynamically vulcanizing said silicone base at an elevated temperature.","label":"Automobile","id":180} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition and process for production thereof, and tireA rubber composition that can be used in applications such as automotive tires and can improve the fuel efficiency performance and driving stability of automobiles and the like, a method for producing a rubber composition, and a tire using the same are provided. A rubber composition comprising: (A) a conjugated diene rubber which is obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or polymerizing a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound and has a group having an active hydrogen and a group capable of chemically binding to a silica, (B) a silica, (C) a silane coupling agent (I) capable of reacting with a carbon-carbon double bond of the conjugated diene in the conjugated diene rubber, and (D) a silane coupling agent (II) capable of reacting with the group having an active hydrogen; a method for producing a rubber composition, which comprises mixing the above-mentioned composition; and a tire which is obtained by crosslinking and molding the rubber composition obtained by the method for production.1. A rubber composition, comprising: (A) a conjugated diene rubber which is obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or polymerizing a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound, the conjugated diene rubber comprising a group comprising an active hydrogen and a group capable of chemically binding to silica; (B) a silica; (C) a silane coupling agent (I) capable of reacting with a carbon-carbon double bond of the conjugated diene in the conjugated diene rubber; and (D) a silane coupling agent (II) capable of reacting with the group comprising an active hydrogen; wherein the group comprising an active hydrogen comprises at least one of a primary amino group, a secondary amino group, an imino group, a primary phosphino group, a secondary phosphino group, and a thiol group.","label":"Automobile","id":181} +{"sentence":"Novel polyamides from ketene-aminalsNovel polyketene-aminal polyamides are disclosed which have the following recurring unit wherein R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical, R1,R2,R3,and R4when taken separately are independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl, and when taken together as R1with R2and R3with R4with the respective nitrogen atoms to which they are attached represent independently a heterocyclic group having from 5 to 7 ring atoms. The polyamides are prepared by reacting together the appropriate diisocyanate [R(NCO)2] and appropriate ketene-aminal to form the polymer directly without the evolution of any by-products or volatiles. The novel polymers are thermoplastic and can be formed or shaped using any of the techniques known to those skilled in the thermoplastic polymer art.1. A polyamide having the recurring unit wherein R is a divalent hydrocarbon radical, R1,R2,R3,and R4when taken separately are independently selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl, and when taken together as R1with R2and R3with R4with the respective nitrogen atoms to which they are attached represent independently a heterocyclic group having from 5 to 7 ring atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":182} +{"sentence":"Monolithic zeolite coated structures and a method of manufactureStructured zeolite coated structures comprising thick porous inorganic zeolite coatings disposed on monolithic support structures, which can be honeycomb shaped, are disclosed. The zeolite coatings have open interconnected pores of controlled pore size and are characterized by improved durability, physical integrity, and adherence sufficient to enable use as supports for catalysts in liquid phase applications under harsh reaction conditions. Methods for making zeolite coated structures are also disclosed.1. A zeolite coated monolithic article comprising: an uncoated monolithic support structure including walls having open porosity; and a porous inorganic zeolite coating disposed directly upon the uncoated monolithic support structure, wherein the zeolite coating has a permanent alumina binder component, an open, interconnected porosity characterized by a mean pore size in the range of about 0.2 to 104nanometers, a porosity of 30% to 65%, and a thickness in excess of 100 μm.","label":"Catalyst","id":183} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer and composition, and film, laminate and electrical insulating material comprising sameA polyolefin resin composition containing an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having: (A) a density d of 0.86 to 0.96 g\/cm3; (B) a melt flow rate MFR of 0.01 to 200 g\/10 min; (C) a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 1.5 to 4.5; (D) a composition distribution parameter Cb of 1.08 to 2.00; and (E) an orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X (wt %), at 25° C. a density of d (g\/cm3) and a melt flow rate MFR (wt %) satisfying that: (i) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (I): [Equation] d-0.008×logMFR≥0.93 (I) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (II): [Equation] X<2.0 (II) (ii) when the density d and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (III): [Equation] d-0.008×logMFR<0.93 (III) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (IV): [Equation] X<9.8×103×(0.9300-d+0.008×logMFR)2+2.0(IV)1. A polyolefin resin composition comprising: not less than 2% by weight of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer and not more than 98% by weight of a polyolefin; wherein said copolymer has: (A) a density (d) of 0.86 to 0.96 g\/cm3; (B) a melt flow rate (MFR) 0.01 to 200 g\/10 min; (C) a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of 1.5 to 4.5; (D) a composition distribution parameter (Cb) of 1.08 to 2.00; (E) an orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content (X, wt %) at 25° C., a density (d, cm3) and a melt flow rate (MFR, g\/10 min) satisfying that: (i) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate (MFR) satisfy relationship (I): [Equation] d-0.008×log MFR24 0.93 (I) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content (X) satisfies relationship (II): [Equation] X<2.0 (II) (ii) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate (MFR) satisfy relationship (III): [Equation] d-0.008×log MFR<0.93 (III) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content (X) satisfies relationship (IV): [Equation] X<9.8×103×(0.9300-d+0.008×log MFR)2+2.0 (IV); wherein said copolymer has an electrical activation energy of not more than 0.4 eV; and (F) a number of peaks on an elution temperature-eluted amount curve determined by continuous temperature rising elution fractionation method (TREF) of 2 or more.","label":"HouseConst","id":184} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articles having fluid contact angle gradients and apertured backsheet layerThe present invention relates to a disposable absorbent article ( 1 ) comprising a liquid pervious topsheet ( 2 ), an absorbent core ( 4 ), and a backsheet ( 3 ). Said backsheet ( 3 ) comprises a gas permeable polymeric two-dimensional film having apertures, and said core ( 4 ) comprising a fluid storage layer, wherein said absorbent article ( 1 ) exhibits a fluid contact angle gradient across said storage layer and said backsheet ( 3 ).1 . A disposable absorbent article comprising a liquid pervious topsheet, an absorbent core and a backsheet, said core being intermediate said topsheet and said backsheet, said backsheet comprising a gas permeable 2-dimensional apertured film and said core comprising a fluid storage layer and said backsheet comprising an outer layer, said core and said backsheet each comprising at least one layer, wherein each layer has a wearer facing surface and a garment facing surface and each of said surfaces of said layers has a fluid contact angle and said absorbent article having a lower portion extending from and including the garment facing surface of said fluid storage layer to and including the garment facing surface of said outer layer, wherein the wearer facing surface of at least one of said layers in said lower portion has a fluid contact angle greater than the fluid contact angle of the adjacent garment facing surface of an adjacent layer.","label":"Household","id":185} +{"sentence":"Separation processA product stream containing, inter alia, HCl, HF and fluorocarbons which form close boiling point azeotropes with HF is subjected to distillation using sidestream rectification in order to effect energy efficient separation of selected fluorocarbon\/HF azeotropes from one another.1. A process for the distillation of a product stream containing HCl, HF, and fluorocarbons which form close boiling azeotropes with HF and in which a lighter one of said fluorocarbons is present in an amount of no more than 20% by weight with respect to a heavier one of said fluorocarbons, said process comprising: introducing the product stream into a main distillation column to separate said product stream into light ends containing HCl and heavy ends containing said fluorocarbons and HF; withdrawing a vapor sidestream containing the close boiling azeotropes of said fluorocarbons with HF; and introducing the sidestream into a rectifying column equipped with a condenser and operating with a high reflux ratio such that the lights derived from the rectifying column contain no more than 50% by weight of the heavier fluorocarbon\/HF fraction relative to the lighter fluorocarbon\/HF fraction, the heavy ends being re-introduced into the main distillation column.","label":"Process","id":186} +{"sentence":"Process for producing odor-inhibiting water-absorbing polymer particlesA process for producing odor-inhibiting water-absorbing polymer particles based on ethylenically unsaturated monomers bearing acid groups, wherein the polymer particles are coated with a chelating agent and a tannin.1. Water-absorbing polymer particles, obtained by polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution or suspension, comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing acid groups wherein the acid groups have been neutralized to an extent of 30 to 85 mol %, b) at least one crosslinker and c) at least one initiator, the polymer particles being coated with 0.001 to 5% by weight of at least one chelating agent and with 0.001 to 5% by weight of at least one condensed tannin and\/or hydrolyzable tannin, and the polymer particles having an iron ion content of less than 0.001%.","label":"Household","id":187} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing agent and its production processA water-absorbing agent according to the present invention includes water-absorbent resin particles having an internal cross-linked structure, wherein a vicinity of a surface of the water-absorbent resin particle is cross-linked with a surface cross-linking agent, and the water-absorbent resin particle has therein a sea-island structure having (i) part containing a first water-soluble multivalent metal salt such as aluminum sulfate and (ii) part not containing the first water-soluble multivalent metal salt. With this arrangement, it is possible to provide a water-absorbing agent having less water-soluble component content, more excellent liquid permeability, and more excellent water retention under pressure than the conventional water-absorbing agent.1. A production process for a water-absorbing agent containing water-absorbent resin particles having an internal cross-linked structure obtained by polymerizing a water-soluble unsaturated monomer, the production process comprising the steps of: (A) forming non-surface-treated water-absorbent resin particles having an internal cross-linked structure obtained by polymerizing the water-soluble unsaturated monomer in the presence of a covalent bonding cross-linking agent; (B) obtaining surface treated water-absorbent resin fine particles by reacting resin fine particles in the presence of a surface-cross-linking agent; and (C) causing the surface-treated water-absorbent resin fine particles to be contained in the non-surface-treated water-absorbent resin particles.","label":"Household","id":188} +{"sentence":"Removal of silylated compounds from solvent and gas waste streamsThe present invention provides a method of removing silylated compounds from a solvent or gas waste stream, comprising treating the waste stream with sulfuric acid to form a silylated sulfuric acid ester and separating the ester from the waste stream. The invention further provides for recovering a silylated compound from the separated ester.1. A method of removing silylated compounds from a solvent waste stream, comprising: a.) reactively distilling the solvent waste stream with sulfuric acid to form a silylated sulfuric acid ester; and b.) separating the ester from the waste stream.","label":"IndustConst","id":189} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing methacrolein and method for preparing a catalyst for use in the preparation of methacroleinA catalyst is herein disclosed, which comprises a mixture of a composition (1) represented by the following general formula (1): [Equation] (Mo)a(Bi)b(Fe)c(X)d(Z)f(O)g(1) (wherein X represents one or both of Ni and Co, Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of W, Be, Mg, S, Ca, Sr, Ba, Te, Se, Ce, Ge, Mn, Zn, Cr, Ag, Sb, Pb, As, B, P, Nb, Cu, Cd, Sn, Al, Zr and Ti, a, b, c, d, f and g each represents an atomic ratio of each corresponding element and if a is assumed to be 12, b ranges from 0.1 to 10, c ranges from 0 to 20, d ranges from 0 to 20 and f ranges from 0 to 4 and g is a number of oxygen atom required for satisfying the valency requirement of the foregoing elements) and a composition (2) represented by the following general formula (2): [Equation] (A)m(Mo)n(O)p (2) (wherein A represents at least one element selected from K, Rb and Cs and m, n and p each represents an atomic ratio and if m is assumed to be 2, n ranges from 1 to 9 and p is 3n+1). The catalyst has improved activity, selectivity to methacrolein and stability and accordingly, methacrolein can be prepared, in good yield, by a gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction of isobutylene or tertiary butanol with molecular oxygen through the use of the foregoing catalyst.1. A method for preparing methacrolein comprising catalytically oxidizing, in a gas phase, isobutylene or tertiary butanol with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a mixture of a composition [1] represented by the following general formula (1): [Equation] (Mo)a(Bi)b(Fe)c(X)d(Z)f(O)g( 1) wherein X represents one or both of Ni and Co, Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of W, Be, Mg, S, Ca, Sr, Ba, Te, Se, Ce, Ge, Mn, Zn, Cr, Ag, Sb, Pb, As, B, P, Nb, Cu, Cd, Sn, Al, Zr and Ti, and wherein the ratio of a:b:c:d:f:g is 12:0.1-10:0-20:0-20:0-4 and g is a number of oxygen atoms required for satisfying the valency requirement of the foregoing elements with a composition (2) represented by the following general formula (2): [Equation] (A)m(Mo)n(O)p ( 2) wherein A represents at least one element selected from K, Rb and Cs and wherein the ratio of m:n:p is 2:1-9:3n+1, and wherein the mixing ratio of the composition (1) to the composition (2) ranges from 0.02 to 1.0 expressed in terms of the atomic ratio A\/Bi and wherein the catalyst is prepared by mixing the composition (1) with the composition (2) with heating at a temperature ranging from 30° to 300° C., evaporating the resulting mixture to dryness at a temperature of not more than 300° C. and then firing the calcined product at a temperature ranging from 300° to 650° C.","label":"Catalyst","id":190} +{"sentence":"Polyolefin productionProvided is a catalyst component for producing a polyolefin, which catalyst component comprises a metallocene catalyst having a structure according to a formula (I): Cp1Cp2R″MQp   (I) wherein Cp1and Cp2are each independently a cyclopentadienyl derivative which may be substituted or unsubstituted and are selected from cyclopentadienyl groups, indenyl groups and fluorenyl groups, provided that at least one of the cyclopentadienyl derivatives comprises an N atom or a P atom in it cyclopentadienyl ring; R″ is a structural bridge to impart stereorigidity between Cp1and Cp2; and when only one of Cp1and Cp2comprises a P atom in its cyclopentadienyl ring, R″ is attached to that phosphorous atom, or is attached to a carbon atom in the cylopentadienyl ring distal to that phosphorous atom; and when one of Cp1or Cp2comprises an indenyl group and the other of Cp1and Cp2comprises an indolyl group, R″ is attached either directly to the N atom of the indolyl group or to a carbon atom that is vicinal to the N atom; M is a metal from Group IIIB, IVB, VB or VIB; Q is a hydrocarbyl group having from 1-20 carbon atoms, or a halogen; and p is the valence of M minus 2.22 . A olefin polymerization catalyst composition comprising a metallocene catalyst component characterized by the formula: Cp1Cp2R″MQp wherein: (a) Cp1and Cp2are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl derivative incorporating a cyclopentadienyl ring in the form of a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl group or a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group wherein at least one of the cyclopentadienyl derivatives Cp1and Cp2incorporate a nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P) atom in its cyclopentadienyl ring; (b) R″ is a structural bridge between Cp1and Cp2imparting stereorigidity to the ligand structure provided that when Cp1incorporates a phosphorus atom in its cyclopentadienyl ring and Cp2is free of a phosphorus atom in its cyclopentadienyl ring, the bridge R″ is connected to the phosphorus atom in Cp1or to a carbon atom in Cp1which is distal to the phosphorus atom and further provided that when Cp1is a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl group and Cp2is a substituted or unsubstituted indolyl group, the bridge R″ is connected to the nitrogen atom of group Cp2or to a carbon atom which is vicinal to the nitrogen atom; (c) M is a transition metal from Group IIIB, Group IVB, Group VB or Group VIB of the Periodic Table of Elements (CAS Version); (d) Q is a halogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1-20 carbon atoms; and (e) p is equal to the valence of the transition metal M minus 2.","label":"Catalyst","id":191} +{"sentence":"Poly(vinyl acetal) resin compositions, layers, and interlayers having enhanced optical propertiesResin compositions, layers, and interlayers comprising two or more thermoplastic polymers and at least one RI balancing agent for adjusting the refractive index of at least one of the resins or layers is provided. Such compositions, layers, and interlayers exhibit enhanced optical properties while retaining other properties, such as impact resistance and acoustic performance.1. A blended resin composition comprising: a first poly(vinyl acetal) resin comprising a residual hydroxyl content; a second poly(vinyl acetal) resin comprising a residual hydroxyl content; and at least one plasticizer having a refractive index of at least 1.460 to about 1.520; wherein the residual hydroxyl content of said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin is at least 2 weight percent lower than the residual hydroxyl content of said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin, wherein said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin comprises residues of a first aldehyde and said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin comprises residues of a second aldehyde, and wherein said first and said second aldehydes have the same number of carbon atoms per molecule, wherein said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin is present in said blended resin composition in an amount of from about 2.2 weight percent to about 11.1 weight percent, based on the total weight of said first and said second poly(vinyl acetal) resins, and wherein said blended resin composition has a haze value of 0.6 or less; wherein the residual hydroxyl content of said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin is in the range of from about 18 to about 22 weight percent, wherein the residual hydroxyl content of said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin is in the range of from about 10 to about 13 weight percent, wherein said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin has a residual acetate content and said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin has a residual acetate content, wherein the residual acetate contents of said first and said second poly(vinyl acetal) resins are each not more than 2 weight percent, and wherein said plasticizer is present in said blended resin composition in an amount in the range of from about 35 to about 45 phr.","label":"HouseConst","id":192} +{"sentence":"Elastic fibers, fabrics and articles fabricated therefromElastic fibers and fabrics made from homogeneously branched substantially linear ethylene polymers are disclosed which can be produced on conventional polypropylene or polyethylene fiber or fabric processes. They can be used to produce highly elastic structures that can have recycle compatibility between elastic and non-elastic components. The novel fibers have at least about 50% recovery at 100% strain. The fibers and fabrics are especially useful in making fabricated articles and components thereof (e.g., disposable diapers).1. An elastic fiber having a percent recovery of at least 50 percent consisting essentially of at least one homogeneously branched substantially linear ethylene polymer characterized as having: a) a melt flow ratio, I10\/I2,≥5.63, b) a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn,defined by the equation: [Equation] Mw\/Mn≤(I10\/I2)-4.63, c) a critical shear rate at onset of surface melt fracture of at least 50 percent greater than the critical shear rate at the onset of surface melt fracture of a linear ethylene polymer having about the same I2and Mw\/Mn,and d) a density less than 0.90 g\/cm3, e) a melt index from 0.01 grams\/10 minutes to 1000 grams\/10 minutes, and f) a CDBI of greater than 30%.","label":"Catalyst","id":193} +{"sentence":"Multimetal oxide compositions for gas-phase catalytic oxidationA process for the gas phase catalytic oxidation of a C3-6alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal using as a catalyst multimetal oxide compositions of the formula I, [X1aX2bOx]p[X3cX4dX5eX6fX7gX2hOy]q,where X1is bismuth, tellurium, antimony, tin and\/or copper, X2is molybdenum and\/or tungsten, X3is an alkali metal, thallium and\/or samarium, X4is an alkaline earth metal, nickel, cobalt, copper, manganose, zinc, tin, cadmium and\/or mercury, X6is iron, chromium, cerium and\/or vanadium, X6is phosphorus, arsenic, boron and\/or antimony, X7is a rare-earth metal, titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, geranium, lead, thorium and\/or uranium, a is from 0.01 to 8, b is from 0.1 to 30, c is from 0 to 4, d is from 0 to 20, e is from 0 to 20, f is from 0 to 6, g is from 0 to 15, h is from 8 to 16, x and y are numbers determined by the valency and frequency of the elements in I other than oxygen, and p and q are numbers whose ratio p\/q is from 0.1 to 10, containing three-dimensional regions with a chemical composition X1aX2bOxwhich are delimited from their local environment due to their chemical composition which is different from their local environment, and whose maximum diameter is from 1 to 25 μm.1. A process for the gas-phase catalytic oxidation of a C3-6alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal, comprising the step of: contacting said C3-6alkane, alkanol, alkene or alkenal with a catalyst; wherein said catalyst has a composition of the formula I: [Equation] (X1aX2bOx)p(X3cX4dX5eX6fX7gX2hOy)q where X1is bismuth, tellurium, antimony, tin and\/or copper; X2is molybdenum and\/or tungsten; X3is an alkai metal, thallium and\/or samarium; X4is an alkaline earth metal, nickel, cobalt, copper, manganese, zinc, tin, cadmium, and\/or mercury; X5is iron, chromium, cerium and\/or vanadium; X6is phosphorus, arsenic, boron and\/or antimony; X7is a rare-earth metal, titanium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium, silver, gold, aluminum, gallium, indium, silicon, germanium, lead, thorium and\/or uranium; a is from 0.01 to 8; b is from 0.1 to 30; c is from 0 to 4; d is from 0 to 20; e is from 0 to 20; f is from 0 to 6; g is from 0 to 15; h is from 8 to 16; x and y are numbers determined by the valency and frequency of the elements in formula I other than oxygen, and p and q are numbers whose ratio p\/q is from 0.1 to 10, containing three-dimensional regions with a chemical formula X1aX2bOxand a local environment, wherein said regions are delimited from said local environment due to said chemical formula of said regions which is different from said local environment, wherein at least 50% of said regions have a maximum diameter of from 1 to 25 μm.","label":"Catalyst","id":194} +{"sentence":"VINYL CHLORIDE RESIN COMPOSITION FOR POWDER MOLDING, AND MOLDED ARTICLE AND LAMINATE OF VINYL CHLORIDE RESINA vinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding contains 100 parts by mass of (a) a vinyl chloride resin, 65 to 105 parts by mass of (b) a specific trimellitate plasticizer, and 10 to 50 parts by mass of (c) a specific diester phthalate plasticizer. A mixture ratio of (c) the specific diester phthalate plasticizer to whole plasticizers is in a range of 5 to 50 percents by mass.1 . A vinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding, comprising: 100 parts by mass of (a) a vinyl chloride resin; 65 to 105 parts by mass of (b) a trimellitate plasticizer represented by formula (1); and 10 to 50 parts by mass of (c) a diester phthalate plasticizer represented by formula (2), a mixture ratio of (c) the diester phthalate plasticizer represented by formula (2), to whole plasticizers being in a range of 5 to 50 percents by mass, where R1 through R3 represent an alkyl group and may be identical with each other or different from each other, a linear chain ratio of R1 through R3 is 90 mol % or more, a ratio of an alkyl group having 7 carbons or less to whole alkyl groups of R1 through R3 ranges from 0 to 10 mol %, a ratio of an alkyl group having 8 or 9 carbons to the whole alkyl groups of R1 through R3 ranges from 0 to 85 mol %, a ratio of an alkyl group having 10 carbons to the whole alkyl groups of R1 through R3 ranges from 15 to 100 mol %, and a ratio of an alkyl group having 11 or more carbons to the whole alkyl groups of R1 through R3 ranges from 0 to 10 mol %, and the linear chain ratio of R1 through R3 is a ratio of a linear chain alkyl group to the whole alkyl groups of R1 through R3; where R′1, and R′2 represent an alkyl group and may be identical with each other or different from each other, a linear chain ratio of R′1, and R′2 is 60 mol % or more, a ratio of an alkyl group having 8 carbons or less to whole alkyl groups of R′1, and R′2 ranges from 0 to 10 mol %, a ratio of an alkyl group having 9 carbons to the whole alkyl groups of R′1, and R′2 ranges from 10 to 30 mol %, a ratio of an alkyl group having 10 carbons to the whole alkyl groups of R′1, and R′2 ranges from 30 to 50 mol %, a ratio of an alkyl group having 11 carbons to the whole alkyl groups of R′1, and R′2 ranges from 30 to 50 mol %, and a ratio of an alkyl group having 12 carbons or more to the whole alkyl groups of R′1, and R′2 ranges from 0 to 10 mol %, and the linear chain ratio of R′1, and R′2 is a ratio of a linear chain alkyl group to the whole alkyl groups of R′1, and R′2.","label":"HouseConst","id":195} +{"sentence":"Internally plasticized polyvinyl halide compositions and articles prepared therefromAn internally plasticized polyvinyl halide composition is prepared by polymerizing a vinyl halide in the presence of a reactive polyester plasticizer having terminal groups copolymerizable therewith. The reactive polyester acts as an internal plasticizer for the polyvinyl halide composition and is not readily extactable therefrom.1. An internally-plasticized vinyl halide copolymer composition comprising a copolymerization product of a vinyl halide and a reactive polyester, said vinyl halide being polymerized in the presence of the reactive polyester and wherein the reactive polyester has the formula: wherein A is a linear or branched polyol residue having from about 2 to about 10 carbon atoms and one oxy group at each of its molecular ends; B is a linear alkylene from about 2 to about 12 carbon atoms, or B is phenylene; and X and X1independently are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; an acyl group from a saturated or a monounsaturated monocarboxylic acid having from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms; and R--C(O)--O--Y, wherein R is a saturated or an unsaturated hydrocarbon including from about 3 to about 18 carbon atoms and Y is a linear alkylene from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; n is an integer from 1 to 60; and p is 0 or 1; with the proviso that when p is 0, X1is hydrogen; and that at least one of X and X1includes ethylenic monounsaturation.","label":"HouseConst","id":196} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, resin composition containing the same and molded article thereofAn ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having monomer units derived from ethylene and monomer units derived from an α-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a melt flow rate (MFR) of 0.01 to 4 g\/10 minutes, a density of 890 to 970 kg\/m3, an activation energy of flow of 50 kJ\/mol or more and a molecular weight distribution measured by gel permeation chromatography of 3 or more, wherein a characteristic relaxation time (τ) determined by a melt viscoelasticity measurement or an external haze ratio (EHR) satisfies a relationship of the following formula (1) or (2), respectively: 3×MFR−0.75+1.1>τ>1.3×MFR−0.5+1.4  (1) EHR≦−15×log MFR+0.145×d−47  (2)1. A resin composition comprising of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (A1) obtained by copolymerizing ethylene and an α-olefin in the presence of a metallocene catalyst and of an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (B) obtained by copolymerizing ethylene with an α-olefin in the presence of a polymerization catalyst containing a solid component containing titanium, magnesium and a halogen, wherein the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (A1) has monomer units derived from ethylene and monomer units derived from an α-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a melt flow rate (MFR) of 0.01 to 1.3 g\/10 minutes, a density of 910 to 970 kg\/m3, an activation energy of flow of 50 kJ\/mol or more and a molecular weight distribution measured by gel permeation chromatography of 7 to 25, wherein a characteristic relaxation time (τ, unit is second) determined by a melt viscoelasticity measurement and the MFR satisfy a relationship of the following formula (1): 3×MFR−0.75+1.1>τ>1.3×MFR−0.5+1.4  (1); wherein the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer (B) has a melt flow rate (MFR) of 0.1 to 10 g\/10 minutes, a density (d) of 900 to 970 kg\/m3, and an activation energy of flow of lower than 50 kJ\/mol; and the content of copolymer (A1) is 1-70% by weight based on 100% by weight of the total of the copolymer (A1) and the copolymer (B); and wherein the copolymer (A1) includes 0.5 to 50 wt. % of said α-olefin.","label":"Construct","id":197} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acrolein and glycerin-containing compositionThe present invention provides a process for producing acrolein, which exhibits a prolonged catalyst life, low energy consumption, and excellent efficiency, and which is earth-conscious, and a glycerin-containing composition which can preferably be used even in this process. The process for producing acrolein is one which includes bringing a raw material gas containing glycerin gas into contact with a solid acid catalyst in a reactor, and the partial pressure of the glycerin gas in the raw material gas is set to be from 0.01 to 30 kPa. The glycerin-containing composition is for use in a process for producing acrolein using a solid catalyst and includes a fatty acid and\/or a fatty acid ester, and a total mass of the fatty acid and the fatty acid ester is from 0.001% to 5% by mass, relative to the glycerin.1. A process for producing acrolein by bringing a raw material gas containing glycerin gas into contact with a solid acid catalyst in a reactor, wherein a partial pressure of the glycerin gas in the raw material gas is from 0.01 to 30 kPa, and wherein the raw material gas comprises water vapor as a condensable gas and a partial pressure of the water vapor is at most 5 times higher than the partial pressure of the glycerin gas.","label":"Process","id":198} +{"sentence":"Lanthanide-based catalyst composition for the manufacture of polydienesA catalyst composition that is the combination of or the reaction product of ingredients comprising (a) an lanthanide compound, (b) an alkylating agent, (c) a nickel-containing compound, and optionally (d) a halogen-containing compound, with the proviso that the halogen-containing compound must be present where none of the lanthanide compound, the alkylating agent, and the nickel-containing compound contain a labile halogen atom.1. A catalyst composition that is the combination of or the reaction product of ingredients consisting essentially of: (a) an lanthanide compound; (b) an alkylating agent; (c) a nickel-containing compound; and optionally (d) a halogen-containing compound that includes one or more labile halogen atoms, where each labile halogen atom, which may be the same or different, is a chlorine, bromine, or iodine atom, with the proviso that the halogen-containing compound must be present where none of the lanthanide compound, the alkylating agent, and the nickel-containing compound contain a labile halogen atom.","label":"Automobile","id":199} +{"sentence":"Process for producing cumeneA process is described for producing cumene comprising contacting a feed stream comprising benzene and a further feed stream comprising isopropanol or a mixture of isopropanol and propylene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst comprising at least a molecular sieve of the MCM-22, family in an alkylation zone under alkylation conditions of at least partial liquid phase and with a water concentration in the liquid phase of at least 50 ppm to react at least part of said isopropanol and benzene to produce an effluent stream containing cumene.1. A process for producing cumene comprising contacting a feed stream comprising benzene and a further feed stream comprising isopropanol or a mixture of isopropanol and propylene in the presence of an alkylation catalyst comprising at least a molecular sieve of the MCM-22, family in an alkylation zone under alkylation conditions of at least partial liquid phase and with a water concentration in the liquid phase of at least 50 ppm to react at least part of said isopropanol and benzene to produce an effluent stream containing cumene.","label":"Process","id":200} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing, cellular, cross-linked polymers with improved distribution effect, method for their production and their useWater-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymers obtainable by (I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture which comprises (a) monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acidic groups and are optionally neutralized, (b) optionally other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, (c) crosslinkers, (d) initiators, (e) 0.1-20% by weight of at least one surfactant, (f) optionally at least one solubilizer and (g) optionally thickeners, foam stabilizers, polymerization regulators, fillers and\/or cell nucleating agents, where the foaming takes place by dissolving a gas which is inert to free radicals under a pressure of 2-400 bar in the polymerizable aqueous mixture, and then decompressing the latter to atmospheric pressure, and (II) polymerizing the foamed mixture to form an expanded hydrogel and, where appropriate, adjusting the water content of the expanded polymer to 1-60% by weight, process for preparing the water-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymers and use of these polymers in sanitary articles employed for absorbing body fluids, in dressing material for covering wounds, as sealing material, as soil improver, as soil substitute and as packaging material.1. An expanded, crosslinked polymer which has a free absorption speed (FAS) for a 0.9% aqueous sodium chloride solution of from 4.0 to 100 g\/g sec, obtained by (I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture which comprises (a) one or more monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acidic groups or monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acidic groups neutralized with alkali metal bases, ammonia or amines, (c) one or more crosslinkers, (d) one or more initiators and (e) 0.1-20% by weight of at least one surfactant, where the foaming takes place by dissolving a gas which is inert to free radicals under a pressure of 2-400 bar in the polymerizable aqueous mixture, and then decompressing the aqueous mixture to atmospheric pressure, and (II) polymerizing the foamed mixture to form an expanded hydrogel.","label":"Household","id":201} +{"sentence":"Multimodal polyethylene polymers and methods of making and using the sameA multimodal polyethylene polymer having an MFR2 of 0.05 to 10.0 g\/10 min, a density of 940 kg\/m3or more, a tensile modulus of 900 MPa or more wherein Formula (I).1. A multimodal polyethylene polymer having an MFR2 of 0.1 to 2 g\/10 min, a density of 940 kg\/m3or more, a tensile modulus of 900 MPa or more and wherein Mz\/Mw≦0.29(Mw\/Mn)+0.8.","label":"HouseConst","id":202} +{"sentence":"Process for remoisturizing surface-postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymer particlesA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, wherein surface postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymer particles are remoisturized and delivered pneumatically, and wherein the time between remoisturization and pneumatic delivery is less than one hour.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing a monomer solution or suspension comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator, optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group, and optionally one or more water-soluble polymer, then drying, grinding, classifying, and surface postcrosslinking optionally additionally using polyvalent metal cations at 130 to 210° C. to provide dried surface postcrosslinked polymer particles, then remoisturizing the dried surface postcrosslinked polymer particles by adding an aqueous liquid to the particles, then pneumatically delivering the remoisturized surface postcrosslinked polymer particles, and optionally, classifying the remoisturized surface postcrosslinked polymer particles, wherein a time between the remoisturization and the pneumatic delivery is less than one hour.","label":"Household","id":203} +{"sentence":"Fractionation for full boiling range gasoline desulfurizationSavings in the processing of a naphtha boiling range feed containing a thiophene are achieved by fractionating the feed stream in a single dividing wall column to yield a C 6 -minus overhead stream, a side-draw containing the majority of the C 6 and C 7 paraffins and olefins, and a bottoms stream comprising C 7 and heavier hydrocarbons. A dividing wall column provides better control of the concentration of both thiophene and toluene in the side-draw. Less of the valuable naphtha is lost and the amount of thiophene in the overhead product is minimized.1. In a process for the treatment of an FCC naphtha fraction to remove sulfur containing compounds wherein the FCC naphtha fraction is separated by fractional distillation yielding at least light and heavy fractions, the improvement which comprises performing the fractional distillation in a dividing wall column and producing an intermediate fraction comprising C 7 olefins and thiophene.","label":"Process","id":204} +{"sentence":"Conjugated diene polymer end-modified with alkoxysilane derivativeThe present invention relates to a conjugated diene polymer end-modified with an alkoxysilane derivative. More particularly, the present invention relates to an end-modified conjugated diene polymer, wherein an alkoxysilane derivative having an ether group and a dialkylamino group is bonded as end modifier to an end of a conjugated diene polymer, which is useful as a rubber material for a tire tread owing to improved compatibility with an inorganic reinforcing agent and improves dynamic mechanical properties such as wet traction, rolling resistance, Mooney viscosity, processability, etc.1. An end-modified conjugated diene polymer, wherein the end-modified conjugated diene polymer is obtained by a reaction of an alkoxysilane-based end modifier an end of a conjugated diene polymer, where the alkoxysilane-based end modifier is represented by Chemical Formula 1: wherein R1 and R2, which are identical or different, represent C1-C10 alkyl, or tri(C1-C10 alkyl)silyl; R3 and R4, which are identical or different, represent C1-C10 alkyl; R5 represents C1-C10 alkyl or C1-C10 alkoxy; and n and m respectively represent an integer from 0 to 5.","label":"Automobile","id":205} +{"sentence":"Process for making encapsulated micro-agglomerated core\/shell additives for PVC blendsCore\/shell additives, useful in modifying the processing and\/or physical properties of poly(vinyl chloride) and other thermoplastic matrix polymers, are prepared separately at small particle sizes by emulsion polymerization, co-agglomerated, further encapsulated by a final shell, and isolated by spray-drying or coagulation. The isolated powders are readily re-dispersed to their original particle sizes in the matrix polymer.1. A process for preparing an agglomerated, encapsulated blend of a core\/shell impact modifier and a core\/shell processing aid which comprises: a) forming by emulsion polymerization a rubbery core impact modifier polymer particle having a glass temperature below about -20° C. and a particle size below about 100 nm diameter, the rubbery core polymer particle being formed from at least 50 weight percent of units derived from butadiene, C2to C8alkyl esters of acrylic acid, or mixtures thereof, and having a weight-average molecular weight of at least about 500,000; b) forming by sequential emulsion polymerization in the presence of the rubbery core impact modifier polymer, under conditions wherein essentially no new polymer particles are formed, an intermediate shell polymer encapsulating the rubbery core polymer, the intermediate shell polymer having a glass temperature above -20° C., the intermediate shell being formed predominantly from units derived from C1to C4esters of acrylic or methacrylic acid, and the intermediate shell being from about 5% to about 20% by weight of the core\/intermediate shell polymer particles so as to prepare the core\/shell impact modifier; c) separately forming by emulsion polymerization a processing-aid core polymer particle having a particle size below about 100 nm diameter, the processing-aid core polymer particle being formed from at least 80 weight percent of units derived from C4to C12alkyl esters of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid or mixtures thereof and from 0 to about 20 parts of units derived from at least one other vinyl or vinylidene monomer, and having a weight-average molecular weight of no more than about 100,000, the processing-aid core polymer not containing units derived from a graftlinking or crosslinking monomer, and the processing-aid core polymer not being deliberately crosslinked; d) optionally forming by sequential emulsion polymerization in the presence of the processing-aid core polymer, under conditions wherein essentially no new polymer particles are formed, and encapsulating the core polymer, a intermediate crosslinked shell polymer containing: 1) at least about 90 weight percent of units derived from one or more of vinyl aromatic monomers or C1to C4alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, 2) from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent of units derived from at least one of: a) a multifunctional monomer containing two or more copolymerizable double bonds; b) a copolymerizable unsaturated acid, the copolymerizable unsaturated acid being partially to completely in the form of an alkali, alkaline earth, or transition metal salt; e) optionally forming by sequential emulsion polymerization in the presence of the processing-aid core polymer or the processing-aid core\/intermediate crosslinked shell polymer and encapsulating the processing-aid core polymer or, if present, the core\/intermediate crosslinked shell polymer, under conditions wherein essentially no new polymer particles are formed, a intermediate shell stage of a polymer containing at least about 70 weight percent of units derived from one or more of vinyl aromatic monomers or C1to C4alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, wherein at least one of steps (d) or (e) must be conducted, so as to prepare the core\/shell processing aid; f) admixing the polymer particles formed in steps (a-b) and in steps (c-e) in emulsion form; g) agglomerating the core\/intermediate shell polymer particles to form a dispersion of agglomerated particles of at least 150 nm diameter; h) forming by sequential emulsion polymerization onto the agglomerated particles, under conditions wherein essentially no new polymer particles are formed, a final external encapsulating shell of hard polymer having a glass temperature at least 60° C., the encapsulating shell being formed predominantly from units derived from a C1to C4alkyl ester of methacrylic acid, the encapsulating shell comprising from about 5 to about 20% by weight of the final core\/shell polymer blend; and i) isolating the final core\/shell polymer blend.","label":"IndustConst","id":206} +{"sentence":"Powdery, solid rare earth carboxylates with improved solubility in aliphatic solvents which are highly active catalysts in Ziegler-Natta systemsRare earth carboxylates in solid form are prepared or treated with a solubilizing agent to improve the solids solubility in aliphatic solvents. Other methods, such as treatment of the aliphatic solvent, to improve the solubility of solid rare earth carboxylates in aliphatic solvents are also described. Solubilizing agents identified for use include, but are not limited to, carboxylic acids, poly-acids, glycols, alcohols and mixtures thereof. These processes and treatments are particularly useful in regard to solid rare earth versatate, rare earth neodecanoate, rare earth octanoate, rare earth 2-ethyl hexanoate and rare earth naphthenate compositions.1. A process for making a solid rare earth carboxylate product comprising the steps of: adding to one or more reagents, prior to or concurrently with reaction of said reagents in a reaction solvent to form a rare earth carboxylate, a solubilizing agent selected from the group consisting of: ______________________________________ a) carboxylic acids, b) corresponding bases of carboxylic acids, c) poly-acids, d) glycols, e) glycol derivatives, f) trialkylphosphates, g) succinic anhydrides, h) dimethylsulfones, i) formamides, j) amines, k) furans, l) ethers, m) pyridines, n) silanes, o) ketones, and p) mixtures thereof; ______________________________________ and removing the reaction solvent to provide the solid rare earth carboxylate product.","label":"Automobile","id":207} +{"sentence":"Multi-functional tissue for absorbent articlesThe present invention relates generally to an absorbent multi-layer material or to a core for an absorbent article, and more particularly to an absorbent multi-layer material or to a core comprising a central absorbent layer positioned between an upper layer and a lower layer, wherein at least of the upper and\/or lower layer(s) has a vertical wicking index of greater than about 6 cm after 19 minutes and\/or greater than about 3 cm after 1 minute. Such a multi-layer material or multi-layer core provides improved strength, absorption and rewetting properties. An absorbent article that contains such a multi-layer material or core provides improved ability to absorb and retain fluids and consequently, prevents excessive rewetting and leakage.1 . An absorbent article having a longitudinal dimension and a lateral dimension comprising: a top sheet; a back sheet; and an absorbent multi-layer core disposed at least partially between the top sheet and the back sheet; wherein the absorbent multi-layer core is comprised of: an upper layer; a lower layer; and a central absorbent layer comprising a mixture of fibrous material and superabsorbent polymer (SAP) disposed at least partially between the upper layer and lower layer; wherein at least one of either the upper layer or lower layer provides a vertical wicking index greater than about 6 cm after 19 minutes and\/or greater than 3 cm after 1 minute.","label":"Household","id":208} +{"sentence":"Continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid and apparatus for this purposeIn a process and an apparatus for the continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid by reacting (meth)acrylic acid and monohydric alkanols of 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the homogeneous, liquid, solvent-free phase at elevated temperatures and in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, by feeding the (meth)acrylic acid, the alkanol and the acid catalyst continuously to a reaction zone, the reaction zone consists of a cascade of at least two reaction regions connected in series, and the discharge stream of one reaction region forms a feed stream of a downstream reaction region. The cascade may have from two to four reaction regions is spatially separated from one another.1. Apparatus for carrying out a process for the continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid by reacting (meth)acrylic acid and a monohydric alkanol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the homogeneous, liquid, solvent-free phase at elevated temperatures and in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, said apparatus comprising a first reactor (1) which is provided with a feed line (3) for the reactants and whose top is connected via a line (5) to the lower part of a rectification column (6) whose top is connected via a condenser to a separator (13) which has a discharge line (20) for the crude product, wherein the lower end of the first reactor (1) is connected via a line (4) to the lower end of at least one further reactor (2) whose top is connected via a line (8) to the lower part of the rectification column (6).","label":"Process","id":209} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing particles of high water-absorbent resinA process for preparing particles of a high water-absorbent resin which comprises mixing a powder of a high water-absorbent resin having a water content of 10 to 60% by weight with a powder of water-soluble high molecular weight compound and drying the mixture. The obtained particles according to the present invention are suitable for use of sanitary goods, water-retaining agents or soil conditioner in the fields of agriculture and horticulture and other various uses.1. A process for preparing particles of a high water-absorbent resin which comprises: adjusting the water content of a powder of a highly water-absorbent resin to from 10 to 60% by weight, based on the weight of the resin; mixing said powder of highly water-absorbent resin with 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of said resin, of a powder of a water-soluble high molecular weight compound to form a mixture consisting essentially of said powders; and drying said mixture of powders.","label":"Household","id":210} +{"sentence":"Catalytic engineA catalytic engine comprises a catalytic reformer and a turbine, and it employs the process steps of introducing a reactant mixture of fuel, air, water and recycled exhaust gas into a reaction zone, reacting said fuel mixture over oxidation catalysts in the reaction zone by adjusting the CO2\/C, H2O\/C, O2\/C ratios and the % fuel of the reactant mixture to maintain the reactor at a temperature between 150-1100° C. and a pressure between 1 to 100 atmosphere, and feeding said refromate stream from said reaction zone to drive a downstream turbine, a turbocharger or any kind of gas turbine. This catalytic engine can be connected to an electrical generator to become a stationary or mobile power station, which can be used in transportation, industrial, utility and household applications.1. A process of operating a catalytic engine which consists of a catalytic fuel reformer and a turbine\/turbo charger, comprising the steps of: a) Introducing a stream of a fuel mixture into an inlet of a catalytic fuel reformer'ss reaction zone: i) Said inlet fuel mixture comprising of fuels, steam, supplemental air and portion of exhaust gas re-circulated from said turbine\/turbo charger through an exhaust line to provide heat, steam, oxygen and CO2 to the fuel mixture, and said fuel mixture having a limited % fuels H2O\/C ratio >3.0, O2\/C ratio >1.0 and CO2\/C ratio >0.05, ii) Said catalytic fuel reformer'ss reaction zone containing one or more supported or unsupported Pt group metal catalysts and\/or oxide oxidation catalysts, b) Reacting said fuel mixture without overheating said catalysts and without coke formation in said fuel reformer'ss reaction zone at a temperature between 150-1200° C. and a pressure between 1 to 100 atmosphere to produce a complete combustion reformate comprising mainly of steam, CO2, O2 and N2, c) Discharging the reformate from said fuel reformer to drive a downstream steam turbine, turbo charger or gas turbine.","label":"Process","id":211} +{"sentence":"Method for producing modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and method for producing vulcanized polymerA method for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, wherein the method comprises: a first step of producing a conjugated diene-based polymer by polymerizing monomers comprising a conjugated diene compound in a hydrocarbon solvent using an organoalkali metal compound and a second step of adding (I) a compound having a carbonyl group and a substituted amino group and (II) a compound represented by Formula (II-A) to a hydrocarbon solvent containing the conjugated diene-based polymer.1. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, wherein the method comprises: a first step of producing a conjugated diene-based polymer by polymerizing monomers comprising a conjugated diene compound in a hydrocarbon solvent using an organoalkali metal compound and a second step of adding (I) a compound having a carbonyl group and a substituted amino group and (II) a compound represented by Formula (II-A) to a hydrocarbon solvent containing the conjugated diene-based polymer: wherein k, l and m are each an integer of 1 to 8; R1, R2, R3, R11, R12, R13, R14, R15, and R16are each independently a hydrocarbyloxy group or a hydrocarbyl group; at least one group selected from among R1, R2and R3is a hydrocarbyloxy group; at least one group selected from among R11, R12and R13is a hydrocarbyloxy group; and at least one group selected from among R14, R15and R16is a hydrocarbyloxy group.","label":"Automobile","id":212} +{"sentence":"Core\/shell copolymer dispersion whose shell comprises hydrolyzable organosilicon comonomersThe invention relates to core\/shell copolymer dispersions whose shell comprises hydrolyzable organosilicon comonomers, the shell consisting of a copolymer comprising, a) from 70 to 95% by weight of acrylic and\/or methacrylic C1to C10alkyl esters of which from 20 to 80% by weight, based on the overall weight of a), have a water-solubility of not more than 2 g\/l and from 80 to 20% by weight, based on the overall weight of a), have a water-solubility of at least 10 g\/l, b) from 5 to 25% by weight of one or more ethylenically unsaturated, functional and water-soluble monomers including a proportion of from 25 to 100% by weight, based on the overall weight of b), of unsaturated carboxylic acids, and c) from 0.01 to 10% by weight of one or more olefinically unsaturated, hydrolyzable silicon compounds of the general formula R1--Si(OR2)3, and whose core, making up a proportion of from 75 to 98% by weight of the overall weight of the core\/shell copolymer, consists of a polymer comprising d) one or more comonomers from the group consisting of vinyl esters, acrylic and\/or methacrylic esters, vinyl chloride, vinylaromatic compounds and ethylene.1. A core\/shell copolymer dispersion having a solid content of from 45 to 65% whose shell comprises hydrolyzable organosilicon comonomers, the proportion of the shell in the core-shell copolymer being from 2 to 25% by weight and the shell comprised of a copolymer consisting essentially of a) at least 70% by weight, based on the overall weight of the shell, of acrylic and\/or methacrylic C1to C10alkyl esters of which from 20 to 80% by weight, based on the overall weight of a), have a water-solubility of not more than 2 g\/l and from 80 to 20% by weight, based on the overall weight of a), have a water-solubility of at least 10 g\/l, b) from 5 to 25% by weight, based on the overall weight of the shell, of one or more ethylenically unsaturated, functional and water-soluble monomers and wherein (b) is comprised of by weight, at least 25% and up to and including 100% of unsaturated carboxylic acids, and c) from 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the overall weight of the shell, of one or more olefinically unsaturated, hydrolyzable silicon compounds of the general formula R1--Si (OR2)3in which R1is an organic radical which is olefinically unsaturated in the ω-position, and R2,which is identical or different at each occurrence, is a primary and\/or secondary alkyl or acyl radical which is optionally substituted with alkoxy groups, and whose core, makes up a proportion of from 75 to 98% by weight of the overall weight of the core\/shell copolymer, comprised of a polymer consisting essentially of d) one or more comonomers from the group consisting of vinyl esters, acrylic and\/or methacrylic esters, vinyl chloride, aromatic vinyl compounds and ethylene.","label":"IndustConst","id":213} +{"sentence":"Multi-stage column distillation (MSCD) method for osmotic solute recoveryA method and apparatus for separating draw solution solutes and product solvent from a draw solution using a plurality of distillation columns is disclosed. In one embodiment, the draw solution is used in a Forward Osmosis (FO) water desalination process. In this embodiment, the draw solution is directed to the plurality of distillation columns in parallel while the energy stream (heat) is directed to the plurality of distillation columns in series such that the efficiency of heat use is improved and in turn the cost of the heat is reduced.1. An apparatus for separating draw solution solutes and product solvent from a dilute draw solution, wherein the apparatus comprises: an osmotically driven membrane system comprising a source of dilute draw solution comprising thermally removable solutes; a first distillation column comprising: a first inlet coupled to the source of dilute draw solution for introducing a first portion of the dilute draw solution into a first end of the first distillation column; a first heat transfer means coupled to the first distillation column at a second end, said first heat transfer means having an inlet coupled to a first source of thermal energy and an outlet coupled to the first distillation column for directing the first source of thermal energy to the first distillation column to cause at least a portion of the dilute draw solution solutes in the first distillation column to vaporize; and a first outlet for removing the vaporized dilute draw solution solutes from the first distillation column; and a second distillation column comprising: a first inlet coupled to the source of dilute draw solution for introducing a second portion of the dilute draw solution into a first end of the second distillation column, wherein the first distillation column and the second distillation column are configured for parallel operation; a second heat transfer means coupled to the second distillation column at a second end, said second heat transfer means having an inlet coupled to the first outlet of the first distillation column for receiving the vaporized dilute draw solution solutes for use as a second source of thermal energy for the second distillation column, a first outlet coupled to the second distillation column for directing the second source of thermal energy to the second distillation column to cause at least a portion of the dilute draw solution solutes in the second distillation column to vaporize, and a second outlet coupled to the osmotically driven membrane system for reintroducing the vaporized dilute draw solution solutes from the first distillation column condensed within the second heat transfer means to the osmotically driven membrane system; and a first outlet for removing the vaporized dilute draw solution solutes from the second distillation column.","label":"Process","id":214} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acroleinThere is provided a process for producing acrolein, which makes it possible to obtain acrolein in high yield by dehydration of glycerin. Glycerin is allowed to coexist with a catalyst containing a rare earth metal salt crystal of phosphoric acid, thereby dehydrating the glycerin, wherein the crystal is obtained by calcining a solid which is formed by allowing a liquid containing water and a hydroxide of the rare earth metal and\/or a dehydration condensate of the hydroxide to contain phosphate ions.1. A process for producing acrolein by dehydration of glycerin in a presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a rare earth metal salt crystal of phosphoric acid and the crystal is obtained by calcining a solid which is formed by allowing a liquid containing water and a hydroxide of the rare earth metal and\/or a dehydration condensate of the hydroxide to contain phosphate ions.","label":"Catalyst","id":215} +{"sentence":"Graft-polymer composition of rubber for reinforcing crosslinked resinA thermoplastic graft polymer composition excellent in weather resistance, impact resistance and appearance is obtained by seed-polymerizing 50 to 95 parts by weight of a mixture (b) of 60% by weight or more of at least one acrylic ester, 39.9% by weight or less of at least one monomer copolymerizable therewith and 0.1 to 10% by weight of at least one crosslinking monomer having at least two non-conjugated C = C bonds in the presence of 5 to 50 parts by weight (solids) of a latex (particle size: 0.04 to 0.24 μ) of a crosslinked rigid resin (a) having a glass transition temperature of at least 50° C., a decomposition temperature of at least 240° C. and a gel content of at least 70% by weight or more to prepare two-layered crosslinked acrylic rubber particles (1) having a degree of swelling of 3 to 15, emulsion-graft-polymerizing 5 to 1,900 parts by weight of a monomer mixture (2) of 10 to 90% by weight of at least one aromatic vinyl compound and 90 to 10% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound having the general formula CH2= CRX, wherein R is H or CH3,and X is CN or COOR1(wherein R1is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms) in the presence of a latex containing 100 parts by weight of said two-layered crosslinked acrylic rubber particles (1) to obtain a graft polymer (3) and, if necessary, blending said graft polymer (3) with a rigid thermoplastic resin (4) so that 5 to 70% by weight of the two-layered crosslinked acrylic rubber particles (1) are contained in the resulting composition.1. A thermoplastic graft polymer composition excellent in weather and impact resistance and appearance which is obtained by emulsion-graft-polymerizing 5 to 1,900 parts by weight of monomer mixture of 10 - 90% by weight of at least one aromatic vinyl compound and 90 to 10% by weight of at least one ethylenically unsaturated compound having the general formula CH2= CRX, wherein R is H or CH3,and X is CN or COOR1where R1is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (total 100% by weight), in the presence of a latex containing 100 parts by weight of two-layered crosslinked acrylic rubber particles having a degree of swelling of 3 to 15 and obtained by seed-polymerizing 70 to 90 parts by weight of a mixture of 60% by weight or more of at least one acrylic ester, 39.9% by weight or less of at least one monomer copolymerizable therewith and 0.1 to 10% by weight of at least one crosslinking monomer having at least two non-conjugated C = C bonds (total 100% by weight), in the presence of 30 to 10 parts by weight (solids) of a latex (particle size 0.04 to 0.24μ) of a crosslinked rigid resin having a glass transition temperature of at least 50° C and a decomposition temperature of at least 240° C and consisting of 40 to 70% by weight of styrene, 15 to 50% by weight of methyl-methacrylate, 10 to 30% by weight of acrylonitrile, and 0.01 to 3% by weight of a crosslinking monomer.","label":"IndustConst","id":216} +{"sentence":"Process and catalyst for producing polyethylene having a broad molecular weight distributionPolyolefins having a broad molecular weight distribution are obtained by polymerizing ethylene or higher alpha-olefins in the presence of a catalyst system comprising two or more metallocenes each having different propagation and termination rate constants and alumoxane.1. A catalyst system for the (co)polymerization of ethylene to polyethylene having a broad molecular weight distribution, said catalyst comprising (a) at least two different metallocenes selected from mono, di or tricyclopentadienyls and substituted cyclopentadienyls of a Group 4b, 5b and 6b transition metal each having different propagation and termination rate constants of ethylene polymerizations and (b) an alumoxane.","label":"Catalyst","id":217} +{"sentence":"Process for producing methacrylic esterA process for producing a methacrylic ester which comprises catalytically oxidizing isobutylene, tert-butanol, methacrolein or isobutyl aldehyde in a vapor phase; removing light-boiling substances form the resulting reaction product by distillation or stripping; extracting methacrylic acid from the resulting methacrylic acid aqueous solution using a saturated chain aliphatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 9 carbon atoms as a solvent; recovering the solvent from the obtained solvent solution of methacrylic acid; esterifying the resulting methacrylic acid by the reaction of it with a lower aliphatic alcohol or a lower alicyclic alcohol having 1 to 12 carbon atoms using a porous strongly acidic cation exchange resin as a catalyst for esterfication; and then subjecting the thus obtained esterification reaction product to a purification step.1. A process for producing a methacrylic ester which comprises catalytically oxidizing isobutylene, tert-butanol, methacrolein or isobutyl aldehyde in a vapor phase; removing light-boiling substances from the resulting reaction product by distillation or stripping; extracting methacrylic acid from the resulting methacrylic acid aqueous solution using a saturated chain aliphatic hydrocarbon having 6 to 9 carbon atoms as a solvent; recovering the solvent from the obtained solvent solution of methacrylic acid; esterifying the resulting methacrylic acid by the reaction of it with a lower aliphatic alcohol or a lower alicyclic alcohol having 1 to 12 carbon atoms using a porous strongly acidic cation exchange resin as a catalyst for esterification; and then subjecting the thus obtained esterification reaction product to a purification step.","label":"Process","id":218} +{"sentence":"Methods of Making Light Diffusing Films and Articles Using the SameDisclosed herein are light diffusing films, methods of making the same and articles using the same. In one embodiment, a method for producing a film, comprising: combining, to form a combination, a polycarbonate having a yellowness index of about 0.8 to about 1.5 as measured in accordance with ASTM E313-73 (D1925), a phosphite stabilizer, an epoxy stabilizer, and light diffusing; forming the combination into the film; wherein the film comprises a hiding power of 0 to about 0.5.1 . A method for producing a film, comprising: combining, to form a combination, a polycarbonate having a yellowness index of about 0.8 to about 1.5 as measured in accordance with ASTM E313-73 (D1925), a phosphite stabilizer, an epoxy stabilizer, and light diffusing; forming the combination into the film; wherein the film comprises a hiding power of 0 to about 0.5 that is mathematically described by the following equation: wherein: Li(on) is luminance above ithcold cathode fluorescent lamp, Lj(off) is luminance at a midpoint between cold cathode fluorescent lamp j and cold cathode fluorescent lamp j+1, and n equals number of CCFL lamps; and wherein the light diffusing film has a 13 points average luminance that is greater than a 13 points average luminance of a polycarbonate film, as determined by a 13 points test using a Topcon BM-7 instrument, wherein the polycarbonate film comprises about 3.5 wt % acrylate particles based on a total weight of the polycarbonate film, and the polycarbonate film has a thickness of 2 millimeters and a transmission of 50.4% as determined in accordance with ASTM D1003-00 and as measured with instrument Macbeth 7000A, D65 light source illuminant, 10° observer.","label":"Automobile","id":219} +{"sentence":"Continuous method for separating a C4 cutIn a continuous process for fractionating a C4 fraction (C4) by extractive distillation using a selective solvent (LM) in an extractive distillation column (EDK), it is proposed that a dividing wall (TW) is installed in the longitudinal direction in the extractive distillation column (EDK) to form a first region (A), a second region (B) and a lower combined column region (C) and a top stream (C4H10) comprising the butanes is taken off from the first region (A), a top stream (C4H8) comprising the butenes is taken off from the second region (B) and a stream (C4H6) comprising the hydrocarbons from the C4 fraction which are more soluble in the selective solvent (LM) than are the butanes and the butenes is taken off from the lower combined column region (C).1. A continuous process for fractionating a C4 fraction by extractive distillation using a selective solvent in an extractive distillation column having a dividing wall that extends in the longitudinal direction to an uppermost point of the extractive distillation column to form a first region, a second region and a lower combined column region, wherein the process comprises: taking off from the first region a top stream comprising predominantly one or more butanes; taking off from the second region a top stream comprising predominantly one or more butenes; and taking off from the lower combined column region a stream comprising one or more hydrocarbons from the C4 fraction which are more soluble in the selective solvent than are the butanes and the butenes.","label":"Process","id":220} +{"sentence":"Sheet for solar cell encapsulant and solar cell moduleA sheet for solar cell encapsulant including (A) an ethylene copolymer selected from 1a to 5a; and (B) an ethylene copolymer selected from 1b to 3b, the copolymer (A) having a melting point of 90° C. or higher and containing constituent unit derived from ethylene [1a: ethylene-vinyl acetate (VA) copolymer, 2a: ethylene-acrylate copolymer, 3a: high-pressure method low-density polyethylene, 4a: ethylene-α-olefin copolymer, 5a: ethylene-G(M)A copolymer other than the below-described 1b, 1b: ethylene-G(M)A copolymer, 2b: ethylene-VA-G(M)A copolymer, 3b: ethylene-acrylate-G(M)A copolymer]. In the ethylene copolymer (B), the total ratio of the constituent unit derived from glycidyl(meth)acrylate (G(M)A) is preferably from 2% to 30% by mass. As a result of this, crosslinking treatment is substantially unnecessary, and practical adhesion and adhesion stability are achieved without heat treatment for crosslinking.1. A sheet for a solar cell encapsulant consisting of: at least one ethylene copolymer (A) selected from the group consisting of the following (1a) to (4a), the ethylene copolymer (A) having a melting point of 90° C. or higher and containing a constituent unit derived from ethylene: (1a) an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer wherein a content ratio of a constituent unit derived from vinyl acetate is 15% by mass or less; (2a) an ethylene-acrylate copolymer wherein a content ratio of a constituent unit derived from acrylate is 15% by mass or less; (3a) a high-pressure method low-density polyethylene; and (4a) an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having a density of 0.895 g\/cm3or more; at least one ethylene copolymer (B) selected from the group consisting of the following (1 b) to (3b): (1b) an ethylene-glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer; (2b) an ethylene-vinyl acetate-glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer wherein a content ratio of a constituent unit derived from vinyl acetate is 30% by mass or less; and (3b) an ethylene-acrylate-glycidyl (meth)acrylate copolymer wherein a content ratio of a constituent unit derived from acrylate is 30% by mass or less; optionally a copolymer (C) obtained by copolymerization of at least α-olefin and an ethylenically unsaturated silane compound; optionally a silane coupling agent (D); and optionally an ultraviolet absorber, a light stabilizer, an antioxidant, or combinations thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":221} +{"sentence":"Process for recovery of the light noble products present in the distillation residues from the processes for the manufacture of acrylic acid and of its estersTo recover these noble products consisting of acrylic acid monomer, acrylic ester monomers and alcohols, a thermal cracking is performed in the absence of catalyst on a mixture of heavy distillation residues originating, on the one hand, from the manufacture of acrylic acid and, on the other hand, from the manufacture of the esters, the light fraction originating from the dissociation reactions is continuously vaporized during the cracking operation and this light fraction is distilled in order to recover, after condensation, the required products. The process according to the invention may consist in conducting the cracking of the mixture of heavy residues, optionally preheated, in a reactor (R1); feeding a distillation column (C1) with the light cracking products; recovering the required mixture of light noble products at the head of column (C1); recycling the flow recovered at the foot of column (C1) into the reactor (R1); recovering the heavy residue from the reactor (R1) and sending it to a removal treatment, if appropriate after having diluted it with a part of the flow recovered at the foot of column (C1), the remainder of the said flow being recycled into the reactor (R1). Figure to be published: FIG. 11. A process for recovery of the light noble products present in the distillation residues from processes for the manufacture of acrylic acid and of esters of the said acid and of C1-C8alcohols, by thermal cracking of the said residues, the said noble products comprising acrylic acid monomer, the said acrylic ester monomers and the said alcohols, characterized in that this cracking is performed, in the absence of catalyst, on a mixture of heavy distillation residues originating, on the one hand, from the manufacture of acrylic acid and, on the other hand, from the manufacture of the abovementioned esters, in that the light fraction originating from the dissociation reactions is continuously vaporized during the cracking operation and in that this light fraction is distilled in order to recover, after condensation, the required light noble products.","label":"Process","id":222} +{"sentence":"Polypropylene resin compositionThe present invention relates to a polypropylene resin composition and more particularly, to the polypropylene resin composition comprising a high crystalline polypropylene, an ethylene-α-olefin elastomer, an inorganic filler, an organic peroxide and a crosslinking assistant. This polypropylene resin composition exhibits excellent scratch resistance, rigidity, heat resistance, and impact strength and thus, it can be suitable for automobile interior materials such as glove box, console, center crash pad and the like.1. A polypropylene resin composition comprising: (A) 30-70 wt. % of polypropylene resin comprising a mixture of propylene homopolymer having a pentad fraction (% mmmm) measured by 13 C-NMR higher than 96% and a intrinsic viscosity of 1.0-3.0 dL\/g and ethylene-propylene block copolymer having a intrinsic viscosity of above 3.0 dL\/g; (B) 10-30 wt. % of ethylene-α-olefin elastomer; (C) 10-40 wt. % of an inorganic filler; (D) 0.01-0.2 wt. % of an organic peroxide based to 100 wt. % of said polypropylene resin (A); and (E) 0.06-1.2 wt. % of a crosslinking assistant based to 100 wt. % of said polypropylene resin (A).","label":"Construct","id":223} +{"sentence":"Group 4 metal compound containing thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl ligand derived from tetraquinoline derivative and olefin polymerization using the sameThe present invention relates to a novel ligand derived from a tetrahydroquinoline derivative, and a transition metal compound prepared using the ligand, where an amido ligand is linked to an ortho-phenylene ligand to form a condensed ring and a 5-membered cyclic pi-ligand linked to the ortho-phenylene ligand is fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand. Compared with the catalysts not fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand, the transition metal compound of the present invention as activated with a co-catalyst has higher catalytic activity in olefin polymerization and provides a polymer with higher molecular weight.1. A precursor for transition metal compound represented by the following formula 2: wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; or C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group, wherein R1and R2can be linked to each other to form a ring; R3and R4can be linked to each other to form a ring, and at least two of R5to R10can be linked to each other to form a ring; and R11, R12, and R13are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkoxy; or C6-C20 aryloxy, wherein R11and R12, or R12and R13can be linked to each other to form a ring.","label":"Catalyst","id":224} +{"sentence":"Preparation of long-chain branched isotactic polypropyleneThe present invention discloses a method for preparing long-chain-branched isotactic polypropylene by first oligomerizing propylene with a suitable oligomerization catalyst system and then copolymerizing propylene and the oligomer obtained in situ with a mono-aryl-substituted methylene bridged catalyst system.1. A method for preparing long-chain-branched isotactic polypropylene that comprises the steps of: a) feeding propylene into a reactor; b) providing an oligomerisation catalyst system capable of producing macromers of propylene having vinyl-terminated chains; c) providing a metallocene catalyst system to copolymerise the macromers of step b) with propylene wherein said metallocene catalyst system comprises a catalyst component of formula {R′(Rb2-Flu) (RcRdC5H2)}MQ2 having C1-symmetry or C2-symmetry wherein R′ is a mono-aryl-substituted methylene bridge, and wherein Rb,Rcand Rdare each independently selected from H or alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, or aryl groups having up to 12 carbon atoms, or silyl groups substituted or unsubstituted wherein M is a metal Group 4 of the Periodic Table and wherein Q is halogen or alkyl having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms and an activating agent having an alkylating and ionising action, wherein the oligomerisation and copolymerisation are carried out in one step by inserting both catalyst components and the activating agent simultaneously in the reactor; d) retrieving polypropylene product.","label":"Catalyst","id":225} +{"sentence":"Hydrocarbon conversion processA process is provided to produce high cetane quality and low or preferably ultra low sulfur diesel and a fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) quality feedstock from a processing unit including at least a hydrotreating zone and a hydrocracking zone. In one aspect, the processing unit includes reactor severity requirements in both the hydrotreating zone and the hydrocracking zone effective to produce the FCC feed quality and the diesel sulfur quality to permit a high quality hydrocracked product to be formed at lower pressures and conversion rates without overtreating the FCC quality feedstock stream. In another aspect, a portion of the hydrotreated effluent is selected for conversion in the hydrocracking and the remaining portion of the hydrotreated effluent is directed to subsequent processing, such as fluid catalytic cracking.1. A process for producing ultra low sulfur diesel and a fluid catalytic cracker (FCC) quality feedstock, the process comprising: a) hydrotreating a first hydrocarbonaceous feedstock in a first reaction zone containing a hydrotreating catalyst operating at hydrotreating conditions effective to convert said hydrocarbonaceous feedstock into a first reaction zone effluent having about 200 to about 1000 ppm sulfur, about 200 to about 600 ppm nitrogen, and about 11.5 to about 12.5 percent hydrogen; b) hydrocracking an unconverted hydrocarbonaceous feedstock in a second reaction zone containing at least a hydrocracking catalyst operating at hydrocracking conditions effective to produce a second reaction zone effluent including a high quality, ultra low sulfur diesel having a cetane number between about 40 and about 55 with less than 10 ppm sulfur; c) operating a fractionator to separate the first reaction zone effluent and the second reaction zone effluent into at least the high quality, ultra low sulfur diesel, a diesel boiling range hydrocarbon stream, and a bottoms FCC quality feedstock; and d) combining about 25 to about 40 percent of the bottoms FCC quality feedstock and the diesel boiling range hydrocarbon stream to form said unconverted feedstock to the second reaction zone.","label":"Process","id":226} +{"sentence":"Method for forming a metal oxide filmA method for forming a capacitor insulation film includes the step of depositing a monoatomic film made of a metal by supplying a metal source including the metal and no oxygen, and depositing a metal oxide film including the metal by using a CVD technique. The method provides the metal oxide film having higher film properties with a higher throughput.1. A method for forming a capacitor insulation film in a semiconductor device, the method comprising the steps of: supplying material gas which provides OH base on an underlying film; depositing a monoatomic film by supplying a metal source including compound gas using an atomic layer deposition technique; and forming a metal oxide film by supplying metal organic compound gas and oxidizing gas using a chemical vapor deposition technique; wherein the monoatomic film and the metal oxide film comprise the same metal and the steps are performed in sequence without reverting to a prior step.","label":"Process","id":227} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing polymer having a high absorption rateA process for producing a water-absorbing polymer composition, comprising the process steps of (i) mixing (α1) 0.1 to 99.999% by weight of ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups or salts thereof (α2) 0 to 70% by weight of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (α1), (α3) 0.001 to 10% by weight of one or more crosslinkers, (α4) 0 to 30% by weight of water-soluble polymers, and (α5) 0 to 20% by weight of one or more assistants, where the sum of their weights (α1) to (α5) is 100% by weight, (ii) free-radical polymerization with crosslinking to form a water-insoluble aqueous untreated hydrogel polymer, and surface postcrosslinking the ground hydrogel polymer wherein blowing agents having a particle size of 100 μm to 900 μm are added to the aqueous monomer solution prior to the addition of the initiator and the start of the free-radical polymerization.1. A process for producing a water-absorbing polymer composition, comprising the process steps of (i) forming an aqueous monomer solution by mixing (α1) from 0.1 to 99.999% by weight, of polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups or salts thereof or polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers including a protonated or quaternized nitrogen, or mixtures thereof, (α2) from 0 to 70% by weight of polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (α1), (α3) from 0.001 to 10% by weight of one or more crosslinkers, (α4) from 0 to 30% by weight of water-soluble polymers, and (α5) from 0 to 20% by weight of one or more assistants, where the sum of their weights (α1) to (α5) is 100% by weight, (ii) free-radical polymerization with crosslinking to form a water-insoluble aqueous untreated hydrogel polymer, (iii) drying the hydrogel polymer, (iv) grinding and sieving the water-absorbing polymer, (v) surface postcrosslinking the ground hydrogel polymer of step (iv), and (vi) drying and finishing the water-absorbing polymer, wherein the process in steps i) and ii) is done in a kneading reactor having at least one shaft and not through a reactor employing a poly belt, and wherein granulated blowing agents consisting of soda carbonate particles having a particle size of 100 μm to 900 μm are added to the aqueous monomer solution of part (i) prior to the addition of an initiator and the start of the free-radical polymerization, and wherein the water-absorbing polymer composition has a FSR is in the range from 0.4 to 0.55.","label":"Household","id":228} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particlesThe invention relates to a process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, comprising polymerization, drying the resulting polymer gel on a through circulation belt dryer, crushing the dried polymer gel, pre-grinding, separating of incompletely dried particles with a perforated plate, grinding and classifying the resulting polymer particles.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, comprising polymerization of a monomer solution or suspension, comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, d) optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the monomer mentioned under a), and e) optionally one or more water-soluble polymer, drying the resulting polymer gel on a through circulation belt dryer, crushing the dried polymer gel, pre-grinding the crushed and dried polymer gel to provide coarse polymer particles, separating incompletely dried particles from the coarse dried polymer particles with a set of two vibrating screens having perforated plates, grinding the coarse dried polymer particles, and classifying resulting coarse dried polymer particles, wherein the vibrating screen is a perforated plate having a thickness from 0.5 to 5 mm, an opening area from 20 to 80%, and a hole diameter from 5 to 20 mm.","label":"Household","id":229} +{"sentence":"Flexible thermoplastic vinyl chloride polymersFlexible thermoplastic vinyl chloride polymers are prepared by graft or over copolymerizing said polymers with a mixture of certain acrylates and nitriles or by blending said vinyl chloride polymer with a terpolymer of certain acrylates and nitriles.1. The method which comprises, in aqueous media containing a free radical initiator and suspension polymerized vinyl chloride polymer, contacting said polymer with copolymerizable monomers consisting essentially of A, B and C at a temperature below polymerization temperature for a period of time sufficient to swell said vinyl chloride polymer with said monomers and then suspension graft or over polymerizing said vinyl chloride polymer with said polymerizable monomers, said suspension optionally additionally containing a protective colloid, said suspension optionally additionally containing a chain transfer agent in a minor amount sufficient to avoid formation of gel, to form a plasticized vinyl chloride polymer, said suspension polymerized vinyl chloride polymer being used in an amount of from about 40 to 60% by weight and said polymerizable monomers A, B and C being used in a total amount of from 60 to 40% by weight, the relative ratios of A, B and C to each other on a percent by weight basis being from about 24 to 94 of A, from about 1 to 75 of B and from about 1 to 20 of C, the total of A, B and C being 100, where said vinyl chloride polymer is selected from the group consisting of homopolyvinyl chloride, a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinyl acetate containing up to about 50% by weight of vinyl acetate, and a copolymer of vinyl chloride and vinylidene chloride containing up to about 50% by weight of vinylidene chloride and mixtures of the same, where A has the formula where R is an alkyl group of from 4 to 8 carbon atoms and mixtures of A, said A as a homopolymer having a Tg of not above about -20° C., where B is selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate and tetrahydrofurfuryl methacrylate and mixtures of the same and where C is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, N-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and vinyl-alpha-methyl pyrrolidone and mixtures of the same.","label":"HouseConst","id":230} +{"sentence":"Vinyl chloride\/vinyl acetate copolymer, binder for a magnetic recording medium, and magnetic recording mediumA vinyl chloride\/vinyl acetate copolymer characterized in that it has a peak at a signal position of from 6.0 to 8.0 ppm in the1H-NMR measurement.1. A magnetic coating material comprising a magnetic powder and a binder for a magnetic recording medium, wherein said binder comprises a vinyl chloride\/vinyl acetate copolymer characterized in that it has a peak at a signal position of from 6.0 to 8.0 ppm in the1H-NMR measurement.","label":"HouseConst","id":231} +{"sentence":"Capped polydienesPolydiene rubbers are commonly compounded with carbon black in making a wide variety of rubber articles including tires, hoses and belts. It is generally desirable for the carbon black to be well dispersed throughout the polydiene in order to attain optimal physical properties. For instance, the traction and rolling resistance of tires which are made utilizing such rubbers can be improved by better dispersing the carbon black throughout the polydiene. The subject invention discloses a technique for capping polydienes in order to improve their affinity for carbon black. The present invention more specifially reveals a process for preparing a polydiene having a high level of affinity for carbon black which comprises reacting a metal terminated polydiene with a capping agent selected from the group consisting of (a) halogenated nitriles having the structural formula X--A--C≡N where X represents a halogen atom and wherein A represents an alkylene group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, (b) heterocyclic aromatic nitrogen containing compounds, and (c) alkyl benzoates. Both ends of polydiene chains can be capped with polar groups by utilizing functionalized initiators, such as lithium amides.1. A process for preparing a polydiene having a high level of affinity for carbon black which comprises reacting a metal terminated polydiene with a halogenated nitrile having the structural formula X--A--C≡N wherein X represents a halogen atom and wherein A represents an alkylene group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; wherein said reaction is carried out at a temperature which is within the range of 0° C. to 150° C.; wherein said polydiene is comprised of repeat units which are derived from at least one conjugated diolefin monomer containing from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein said polydiene has a number average molecular weight which is within the range of 50,000 to 500,000; and wherein said polydiene is terminated with lithium.","label":"Automobile","id":232} +{"sentence":"High-notched-impact core-shell polymers having improved weather resistanceA particulate graft polymer comprising (a) a core formed by a crosslinked homopolymer of a conjugated diene or a copolymer thereof with up to 10% by weight of styrene or acrylonitrile; (b) a first shell formed by a crosslinked homopolymer of an acrylic acid alkyl ester or a copolymer thereof with up to 30% by weight of vinyl monomers; (c) a second shell formed by a polymer of resin-forming monomers, a process for manufacturing these graft polymers by means of a multi-stage emulsion polymerization, and their application as molding compositions, optionally together with rigid thermoplastic resins.1. Particulate graft polymer comprising (a) a core which is a crosslinked homopolymer of a conjugated diene or a copolymer thereof with up to 10% by weight of copolymerized styrene or acrylonitrile and having a gel content of more than 50%, (b) a first shell which is a crosslinked rubber formed by polymerizing a monomer mixture consisting of at least one acrylic acid alkyl ester having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the alkyl moiety and 0.05 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of (b), of a crosslinking polyfunctional monomer and (c) a second shell of a polymer of at least one resin-forming monomer selected from the group consisting of α-methyl styrene, styrene, acrylonitrile and methyl methacrylate.","label":"Automobile","id":233} +{"sentence":"Method of producing modified conjugated diene rubber, modified conjugated diene rubber, and rubber compositionThere is provided a method of producing a conjugated diene rubber capable of being used as a starting material for a crosslinked rubber that can be used in applications such as tire treads and can raise the fuel efficiency. This method of producing a conjugated diene rubber comprises (a) a step of reacting a first alkoxysilane compound having in a molecule at least one group convertible to onium by an onium generator and at least one alkoxysilyl group that has at least two alkoxy groups, with a conjugated diene polymer having an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal active terminal and obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound, thereby to obtain a modified conjugated diene polymer that has the group convertible to onium and the alkoxysilyl group, and (b) a step of mixing the resulting modified conjugated diene polymer with the onium generator and a second alkoxysilane compound having in a molecule at least one alkoxysilyl group and at least one group convertible to onium by the onium generator.1. A method of producing a modified conjugated diene rubber, the method comprising: (a) reacting a first alkoxysilane compound comprising a group, which is a protected group protected from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal active terminal of a conjugated diene polymer, and after deprotection, is convertible to onium by an onium generator, and an alkoxysilyl group comprising at least two alkoxy groups, with the conjugated diene polymer comprising the alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal active terminal and obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound, thereby obtaining a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising the group convertible to onium and the alkoxysilyl group; and (b) mixing the modified conjugated diene polymer with an onium generator and a second alkoxysilane compound comprising an alkoxysilyl group and a group convertible to onium by the onium generator; and (c) bringing a mixture obtained in (b) into contact with water.","label":"Automobile","id":234} +{"sentence":"Rhodium catalyzed oxo process in tubular reactorAn improved process for the hydroformylation of olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst in a continuous tubular reactor, the improvement comprising: a. employing an rhodium hydroformylation catalyst; b. maintaining the reaction temperature at less than about 145° C.; and c. maintaining the pressure at less than 450 psig and the partial pressure therein attributable to carbon monoxide no greater than about 90% of the total pressure; whereby the hydroformylated olefin product is rich in normal aldehydes.1. In a process for the hydroformylation of olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a hydroformylation catalyst in a continuous tubular reactor, the improvement comprising: a. employing an olefin hydroformylation catalytically effective amount of a rhodium hydroformylation catalyst; b. maintaining the reaction temperature in said tubular reactor at less than about 145° C.; and c. maintaining the pressure within said tubular reactor at less than 450 psig and the partial pressure therein attributable to carbon monoxide no greater than about 90% of said total pressure; whereby said hydroformylated olefin product is rich in normal aldehydes.","label":"Process","id":235} +{"sentence":"Processability improver for foam molding and vinyl chloride resin composition containing sameAn object of the present invention is to provide a foaming vinyl chloride resin composition having excellent foaming properties and providing a foam molded product with an excellent appearance by enhancing the melt strength of the vinyl chloride resin composition. A processability improver for foam molding according to the present invention includes a (meth)acrylic polymer powder with a weight average molecular weight of 2,000,000 to 7,000,000, wherein the (meth)acrylic polymer powder includes 1 to 20% by weight of a (meth)acrylic polymer (A) with a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 300,000, and 80 to 99% by weight of a (meth)acrylic polymer (B) with a weight average molecular weight of 2,000,000 to 7,000,000.1. A processability improver for foam molding, comprising: a (meth)acrylic polymer powder with a weight average molecular weight of 2,000,000 to 7,000,000, wherein the (meth)acrylic polymer powder comprises 1 to 20% by weight of a (meth)acrylic polymer (A) with a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 300,000, and 80 to 99% by weight of a (meth)acrylic polymer (B) with a weight average molecular weight of greater than 2,000,000 to 7,000,000, and the (meth)acrylic polymer powder comprises a primary particle having a multilayer structure, and the primary particle comprises an inner layer containing the (meth)acrylic polymer (A) and an outer layer containing the (meth)acrylic polymer (B).","label":"IndustConst","id":236} +{"sentence":"Promoted multi-metal catalystA catalyst comprising an In promoted mixed metal oxide is useful for the vapor phase oxidation of an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, to an unsaturated carboxylic acid and for the vapor phase ammoxidation of an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, to an unsaturated nitrile1. A process for producing an unsaturated carboxylic acid, which comprises subjecting a C 3-8 alkane or a mixture of a C 3-8 alkane and a C 3-8 alkene to a vapor phase catalytic oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst containing a promoted mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula Mo a V b N c X d Z c O f wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb, Sn, Ge and Bi, X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co. Rh, Ni, Pt B, As, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, La, Sc, Au, Ag, Pd, Ga, Pr, Re, Ir, Nd, Y, Sm, Tb, W, Ce, Cu and Zn, and Z is selected from the group consisting of In and Re; and wherein, when a=1,b=0.01 to 1.0, c=0.01 to 1.0, d=0.01 to 1.0, e=0.001 to 0.1 and f is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":237} +{"sentence":"Water absorbent resin particles of crosslinked carboxyl-containing polymers with low monomer contentSuperabsorbent polymers having reduced levels of residual monomer are produced using a peroxodisulfate salt.1. A process for the preparation of water-absorbent resin particles, the process comprising: (I) polymerizing a polymerization mixture comprising: (a) one or more ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl-containing monomers, (b) one or more crosslinking agents, (c) optionally one or more comonomers copolymerizable with the carboxyl-containing monomer, and (d) a polymerization medium, to form a crosslinked hydrogel, (II) contacting the crosslinked hydrogel with a peroxodisulfate salt, (III) comminuting the hydrogel to particles prior to or after the peroxodisulfate salt is added in step (II), and (IV) drying the hydrogel to form resin, wherein step (II) is conducted in the substantial absence of a combination of surfactant and a material capable of adding across or reacting with a vinylic double bond so as to form reaction products which are incapable of vinylic polymerization via free radical initiation.","label":"Household","id":238} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of a homogeneous thermoplastic polymerThe invention relates to a process for the preparation of a thermoplastic polymer on the basis of an alkenyl aromatic monomer, an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride, and, optionally, a rubber, characterized in that the monomers and\/or solution thereof are\/is reacted in at least two reaction zones that are in open connection with each other at the top and at the bottom, the reaction mixture being circulated through the reaction zones by means of a mixing device and\/or a conveying device. Using the process, a homogeneous product of constant composition is obtained.1. A process for preparing a homogeneous thermoplastic polymer comprising: (a) introducing a reaction mixture composed of an alkenyl aromatic monomer, an unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydride monomer and, optionally, a rubber into a reaction vessel; and (b) polymerizing the reaction mixture, while sequentially and repeatedly conveying the mixture through a first reaction zone in the vessel and mixing the mixture in a second reaction zone in the vessel, wherein said reaction zones each have a top and a bottom, and wherein the respective tops of the reaction zones are confluent and the respective bottoms of the reaction zones are confluent, wherein said reaction vessel comprises: a circumferential outer wall member having a top and a bottom; a guide tube having a top, a bottom, an inner wall and an outer wall, disposed generally coaxially within the circumferential outer wall member, defining said first reaction zone between the outer wall member and the outer wall, and defining said second reaction zone within the inner wall; wherein the top and bottom of the guide tube are disposed within the top and bottom of the wall member so that the first and second reaction zones are confluent at the top and bottom of the guide tube; a rotating screw ribbon conveying device including one or more screw ribbons and disposed in the first reaction zone; and a rotating shaft mixing device disposed in said second reaction zone.","label":"HouseConst","id":239} +{"sentence":"Heat pump fractionation processA process for fractionating two or more compounds in which the stripping section of the fractionator is maintained at a first pressure and the rectifying section of the fractionator is maintained at a higher pressure. Overhead vapors from the stripping section are compressed in a heat pump where the vapor temperature and pressure are raised, and the heated and compressed vapors are then fed to the bottom of the rectifying section. Overhead vapors from the rectifying section, at a higher temperature than the bottoms from the stripping section, are heat exchanged with stripping section bottoms to condense overhead vapors and to supply reboiling heat to the stripping section.1. In a process for separating compounds by fractionation in a fractionator comprised of a stripping section below the feed point and a rectifying section above the feed point, the improvement wherein only a vapor stream from the stripping section at a first temperature and pressure is passed through a single heat pump compressor directly to the rectifying section whereby the vapor stream leaving the heat pump compressor is at a higher temperature and pressure and the rectifying section is maintained at a higher temperature and pressure than the stripping section and bottoms liquid from the stripping section and overhead vapor from the rectifying section are heat exchanged to provide reboiler heat to the stripping section and to condense vapor from the rectifying section.","label":"Process","id":240} +{"sentence":"Blends of amorphous and semicrystalline polymers having shape memory propertiesBlends of amorphous and semicrystalline polymers having shape memory properties were prepared by blending a crystalline polymer such as poly(vinylidene fluoride), polylactide, poly(hydroxxybutyrate), poly(ethylene glycol) polyethylene, polyethylene-co-vinyl acetate, poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride) and copolymers of poly(vinylidene chloride) and poly(vinyle chloride) and an amorphous polymer such as poly(vinyl acetate), poly methyl acrylate, poly ethyl acrylate, atactic poly methyl methacrylate, isotactic poly methyl methacrylate, syndiotactic poly methyl methacrylate and other poly alkyl methacrylates. The method for preparing the polymeric materials and applications thereof, for example, as smart medical devices, are also disclosed.1. Method of preparing a shape memory polymer material characterized by a Tg exceeding room temperature whose rubber modulus and elasticity is derived substantially from physical crosslinking comprising melt blending a crystalline polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(vinylidene fluoride), polylactide, poly(hydroxybutyrate), poly(ethylene glycol), polyethylene, poly(ethylene-co-vinyl acetate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(vinylidene chloride), and copolymers of vinylidene chloride and vinyl chloride with an amorphous polymer selected from the group consisting of poly(vinyl acetate), poly(methyl acrylate), poly(ethyl acrylate), and atactic poly(methyl methacrylate) at a temperature of 10˜20° C. above the melting temperature of the crystalline polymers, for a time sufficient to ensure good mixing, cooling the resultant blend to room temperature, introducing said blend into a press maintained at about 180° C., applying pressure to said blend, and then rapidly cooling the film thereby formed to an annealing temperature TgSIImax.","label":"Catalyst","id":280} +{"sentence":"Method for surface treatment of absorbent resinA method for the surface treatment of an absorbent resin is proposed which notably improves the absorption capacity of the absorbent resin under pressure without impairing safety and hydroscopic flowability. The method comprises adding an organic carboxylic ester of a polyhydric alcohol to the absorbent resin and then heat-treating the resultant mixture.1. A method for the surface treatment of an absorbent resin, comprising adding an organic carboxylic ester of a polyhydric alcohol having 0 or 1 hydroxyl group in the molecular unit thereof derived from a polyhydric alcohol to said absorbent resin and then heat-treating the resultant mixture.","label":"Household","id":281} +{"sentence":"System for the Purification of an Organic Solvent and a Process for the use ThereofA system 1 for the purification of an organic solvent, preferably an alcohol, comprising a first distillation column 10 , a second distillation column 20 , a vapor permeation unit 30 suitable for the dehydration of an organic solvent, wherein the system 1 further comprises a first heat integration sub-system 100 for exploiting both a sensible heat and optionally a latent heat, a second and a third heat integration sub-systems 200 and 300 for exploiting a latent heat, and wherein there is either a parallel configuration of the system 1 with a split feeding into both the first and the second distillation columns 10 and 20 , or there is a series configuration of the system 1 in which there is feeding into only the first distillation column 10.17 . A system for the purification of an organic solvent, comprising in fluid communication: a first distillation column, a second distillation column, a vapor permeation unit suitable for the dehydration of an organic solvent and comprising either zeolite or polymeric pervaporation\/vapor permeation membranes, the system further comprising: a first heat integration sub-system for exploiting both a sensible heat and optionally a latent heat, and wherein the first heat integration sub-system is embodied for preheating a feed and for cooling a stillage from the first and second distillation columns and optionally for condensing a vapor from a top region of the first distillation column, second and third heat integration sub-systems for exploiting a latent heat, and wherein the second heat integration sub-system is embodied for condensing a vapor from the second distillation column and vaporizing a liquid in the first distillation column, and wherein the third heat integration sub-system is embodied for heating by means of a retentate vapor either one of the first or second distillation columns or an optional evaporator unit, wherein an outlet of the optional evaporator unit, when present, is in fluid communication with an inlet of an optional compressor, and wherein an outlet of the optional compressor, when present, is in fluid communication with an inlet of the vapor permeation unit, and wherein there is EITHER a parallel configuration of the system, in which there is a split feeding into inlets of both the first and the second distillation columns and where there is no direct fluid communication between the first and second distillation columns, OR there is a series configuration of the system, in which there is feeding into only an inlet of the first distillation column and there is a fluid communication between a first outlet of the first distillation column and an inlet of the second distillation column.","label":"Process","id":282} +{"sentence":"Ink jet recording medium comprising amine-treated silica[00001] This invention pertains to an ink jet recording medium comprises a flexible substrate and a coating composition coated on at least one surface of the substrate, wherein the coating composition comprises the product formed from the contact between fumed silica particles and at least one aminoorganosiloxane. The invention also pertains to a method for the preparation of such an ink jet recording medium and to methods for the preparation of a coating composition and a dispersion useful in the preparation of such an ink jet recording medium.1. An ink jet recording medium comprising a flexible substrate and a coating composition coated on at least one surface of the substrate, wherein the coating composition comprises the product formed from the contact between fumed silica particles and at least one aminoorganosiloxane in an amount of about 0.05-3% by weight of the fumed silica.","label":"Household","id":283} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymers prepared with substituted indenyl containing metal complexesThe subject invention is directed to an olefin polymer produced by polymerizing at least one α-olefin in the presence of a Group 4 metal complex comprising an indenyl group substituted in the 2 or 3 position with at least one group selected from hydrocarbyl, perfluoro-substituted hydrocarbyl, silyl, germyl and mixtures thereof, said indenyl group further being covalently bonded to the metal by means of a divalent ligand group, wherein the divalent ligand comprises nitrogen or phosphorus having an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarby group covalently bonded thereto via a primary or secondary carbon. Preferred olefin polymers of the invention will be characterized as having a high molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distribution, high vinyl content, and a bimodal DSC melting curve or a deconvoluted ATREF or GPC curve which shows at least two distinct narrow peaks. The olefin polymer will have utility in a variety of applications, including but not limited to films, fibers, foams, molded parts, and as components of formulations such as adhesives, sealants, coatings, caulks, and asphalt.1. An olefin polymer having a density of less than 0.910 g\/cm3, bimodal short chain branching distribution and a bimodal molecular weight produced by a polymerization process in which a catalyst and at least one α-olefin are supplied to a reaction zone maintained at a temperature between about 75 and about 170° C., the catalyst comprising a metal complex corresponding to formula: wherein: M is titanium, zirconium or hafnium in the +2, +3 or +4 formal oxidation state; A's is a substituted indenyl group substituted in at least the 2 or 3 position with a group selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, fluoro-substituted hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy-substituted hydrocarbyl, dialkylamino-substituted hydrocarbyl, silyl, germyl and mixtures thereof, said group containing up to 40 nonhydrogen atoms, and said A's further being covalently bonded to M by means of a divalent Z group; Z is a divalent moiety bound to both A's and M via σ-bonds, said Z comprising boron, or a member of Group 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and also comprising nitrogen or phosphorus, wherein an aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbyl group is covalently bonded to the nitrogen or phosphorus via a primary or secondary carbon; X is an anionic or dianionic ligand group having up to 60 atoms exclusive of the class of ligands that are cyclic, delocalized, σ-bound ligand groups; X's independently each occurrence is a neutral ligating compound, having up to 20 atoms; p is 0, 1 or 2, and is two less than the formal oxidation state of M, with the proviso that when X is a dianionic ligand group, p is 1; and q is 0, 1 or 2.","label":"HouseConst","id":284} +{"sentence":"Ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer made with a non-single-site\/single-site catalyst combination, its preparation and useAn ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer comprising a component produced by a non-single-site polymerization catalyst and a component produced by a single-site polymerization catalyst, its preparation and use are described. The copolymer has an α-olefin content of 5 to 20 percent by weight and shows at least two CRYSTAF peak temperatures differing by at least 15° C. and\/or at least two DSC melting peak temperatures differing by at least 15° C.1. An ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer comprising at least a first component produced by a non-single-site polymerization catalyst and a second component produced by a single-site polymerization catalyst, wherein the weight ratio of the first component and the second component ranges from 9:1 to 1:9, wherein the copolymer has an α-olefin content of 5 to 20 percent by weight, and wherein the copolymer shows at least one of (a) at least two CRYSTAF peak temperatures which differ by at least 15° C. and (b) at least two DSC melting peak temperatures which differ by at least 15° C.","label":"HouseConst","id":285} +{"sentence":"Flame retardant and flame retardant composition using same, molded article thereof, and electric wire with coatingThe flame retardant of the present invention has a flame retardant (a) component, comprising 50 to 97% by mass of a metal hydrate (a-1) component and 3 to 50% by mass of a filler (a-2) component, wherein the filler (a-2) component contains SiO2, Al2O3 and M2\/nO. Here, the total of the metal hydrate (a-1) component and the filler (a-2) component is 100% mass, M represents one or more metal elements selected from a group consisting of K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe and Zn, and n represents a valence of the metal element. According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a flame retardant capable of providing a molded article and an electric wire with a coating, which are excellent in flame retardancy, abrasion resistance and flexibility, and also have sufficient mechanical strength at low cost.1. A flame retardant that has a flame retardant (a) component, comprising 50 to 97% by mass of a metal hydrate (a-1) component and 3 to 50% by mass of a filler (a-2) component, where the total of the metal hydrate (a-1) component and the filler (a-2) component is 100% by mass, wherein the filler (a-2) component is a zeolite represented by a general formula: xM2\/nO.Al2O3.ySiO2.zH2O, where M represents one or more metal elements selected from a group consisting of K, Na, Mg, Ca, Fe and Zn, n represents a valence of the metal element, and x, y and z represent arbitrary positive values; and wherein a moisture content of the filler (a-2) component is 10% by mass or more.","label":"HouseConst","id":286} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent resin granule-containing composition and production process for water-absorbent resin granuleThe invention provides: a water-absorbent resin granule-containing composition with resolution of various problems, as caused by water-absorbent resin fine powders, and with high granulation strength, and with no physical property deterioration due to granulation, and, if anything, with improvement of the absorption capacity under a load by granulation; and a process for producing the above granule. A water-absorbent resin primary particle and a water-absorbent resin granule are separately surface-crosslinked and then mixed, or mixed and then surface-crosslinked. The granulation is carried out by mixing a preheated aqueous liquid and a water-absorbent resin powder at a high speed or by supplying a water-absorbent resin powder downstream of an aqueous liquid with a continuous extrusion mixer.1. A water-absorbent resin composition, which comprises a product obtained by surface-crosslinking a mixture of a water-absorbent resin primary particle and a water-absorbent resin granule.","label":"Household","id":287} +{"sentence":"BLOWING AGENTThe present invention relates to a new composition comprising 4,4′-oxybis(benzenesulfonylhydrazide) (OBSH) and sodium hydrogen carbonate (SBC), a process for the manufacturing thereof, and its use as blowing agent for the manufacturing of expanded thermoplastic materials and rubber compounds.1 . A composition comprising: a) 5 to 50% by weight or 4,4′-oxybis(benzenesulfonylhydrazide); and b) 95 to 50% by weight of sodium hydrogen carbonate, whereby the sum of components a) and b) adds up to 100%.","label":"HouseConst","id":288} +{"sentence":"Continuous process for preparing copolymers of conjugated dienes and aromatic vinyl compoundsA continuous process is described for preparing copolymer compositions of 1,3-conjugated dienes and aromatic vinyl compounds having a weight average molecular weight of greater than about 100,000, and in one embodiment above about 900,000. The process comprises: (A) continuously introducing into a reactor, a 1,3-conjugated diene, an aromatic vinyl compound, a hydrocarbon solvent and a polymerization catalyst comprising a trimetalated 1-alkyne wherein the catalyst is obtained by reacting at a temperature of above about 70° C., a 1-alkyne containing at least 4 carbon atoms, an organo metallic compound, R°M and a 1,3-conjugated diene wherein the alkyne is characterized by the formula [Equation] RCH2C≡CH (II) wherein R is an alkyl group, R° is a hydrocarbyl group, M is an alkali metal, the mole ratio of R°M to 1-alkyne is about 3:1, and the mole ratio of conjugated diene to 1-alkyne is from about 2:1 to about 30:1; (B) continuously agitating the contents of the reactor while effecting the polymerization reaction to form the copolymer; and (C) continuously withdrawing the copolymer from the reactor. The invention also relates to the copolymers thus prepared.1. A continuous process for preparing a copolymer of a 1,3-conjugated diene and an aromatic vinyl compound which comprises: (A) continuously introducing into a reactor, a 1,3-conjugated diene, an aromatic vinyl compound, a hydrocarbon solvent and a polymerization catalyst comprising a trimetalated 1-alkyne wherein the catalyst is obtained by reacting at a temperature of above about 70° C., a 1-alkyne containing at least 4 carbon atoms, an organo metallic compound, R°M and a 1,3-conjugated diene wherein the alkyne is characterized by the formula [Equation] RCH2C≡CH (II) wherein R is an alkyl group, R° is a hydrocarbyl group, M is an alkali metal, the mole ratio of R°M to 1-alkyne is about 3:1, and the mole ratio of conjugated diene to 1-alkyne is from about 2:1 to about 30:1; (B) continuously agitating the contents of the reactor while effecting the polymerization reaction to form the copolymer; and (C) continuously withdrawing the copolymer from the reactor.","label":"Automobile","id":289} +{"sentence":"Long-chain branched polymers and their productionCopolymers, and processes to make them, are provided which are derived from monomers comprising: a) one mono-olefin having a single Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bond; b) a second monomer having at least one Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bond; c) a third monomer having at least two Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bonds such monomer being: i) straight-chained and of less than six or at least seven carbon atoms; ii) other than straight chained; or iii) combinations thereof, such copolymer having: c) at least about one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond per number average molecule; d) viscous energy of activation (Ea) at least 1 kcal\/mol greater than a copolymer having a linear backbone derived from same monomers, but excluding species having at least two Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bonds; e) crystallinity level of about 10% to about 50%; and f) Mz\/Mwat least about 1.7. Such copolymers show enhanced melt processability and other attributes during end-product fabrication.1. Copolymer derived from polymerizing at least three monomers in the presence of metallocene catalyst, the three monomers comprising: a) one mono-olefin having a single Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bond; b) a second monomer having at least one Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bond; c) a third monomer having at least two Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bonds such monomer being: i) straight-chained of less than six or at least seven carbon atoms; ii) other than straight chained; or iii) combinations thereof, such copolymer having: d) at least about one carbon-carbon unsaturated bond per number average molecule; e) viscous energy of activation (Ea) at least 1 kcal\/mol greater than a copolymer having a linear backbone derived from same monomers, but excluding species having at least two Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bonds; f) crystallinity level in the range of about 10% to about 50%; g) Mz\/Mwat least about 1.7 to about 3.45; and h) long chain branching from a first Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bond of a third monomer being incorporated in a first polymer chain and a second Ziegler-Natta polymerizable bond in that third monomer being incorporated in a second polymer chain.","label":"Construct","id":290} +{"sentence":"DEHYDRATION OF DILUTIONS OF COMPOUNDS FORMING AN AZEOTROPE WITH WATERA process and a column configuration for dehydration of an aqueous dilution of a compound forming an azeotrope with water, such as raw grade bioethanol, formic acid or chloroform, to form a concentrate with a concentration above azeotropic level. A preconcentration section ( 26, 40, 55 ) with a reboiler ( 29, 42, 57 ) and an extractive distillation section ( 22, 41, 52 ) are thermally coupled. The aqueous dilution is fed to the preconcentration section, where it is separated into water and a preconcentrate. The water is discharged via the reboiler, and the preconcentrate is fed to the extractive distillation section. A solvent is fed to the extractive distillation section at a higher level than the preconcentrate. In the extractive distillation section the final concentrate is separated from a mixture of the solvent and water.1 . A process for dehydration comprising dehydrating an aqueous dilution of a compound forming an azeotrope with water to form a concentrate with a concentration above azeotropic level, using a preconcentration section with a reboiler and an extractive distillation section, the preconcentration section being thermally coupled to the extractive distillation section, wherein the aqueous dilution is fed to the preconcentration section, where it is separated into water and a preconcentrate, the water being discharged via the reboiler, and the preconcentrate being fed to the extractive distillation section, wherein a solvent is fed to the extractive distillation section at a higher level than the preconcentrate, wherein in the extractive distillation section the final concentrate is separated from a mixture of the solvent and water.","label":"Process","id":291} +{"sentence":"Method of preparing homo and co-polymers of vinyl chloride adapted to give plastisols from a latex containing two populations of particlesA method of preparing homo and co-polymers of vinyl chloride in the form of a powder adapted to give plastisols, in which a latex of homo or co-polymers of vinyl chloride, containing from 30 to 60% by weight of dry material and comprising two populations of particles with specific granulometric properties, is concentrated by eliminating a fraction of the aqueous phase in the liquid state, then the residual water is dried off. The dry material content of the concentrated latex is from 50 to 80% by weight, and the absolute difference between the dry material content of the latex before and after concentration is over 10% by weight.1. A method of preparing homo and co-polymers of vinyl chloride in the form of a powder adapted to give plasticols with improved rheological properties comprising the steps of concentrating a latex of homo or co-polymer of vinyl chloride containing from 30 to 60% by weight of dry material and two populations of particles by eliminating a fraction of the aqueous phase in the liquid state such that the absolute difference between the dry material contained in the latex before and after its concentration is over 10% to increase the dry material content of the latex to within the range of 50-80% by weight, the two populations of particles in the latex having mean diameters within the respective ranges of 0.7 to 1.5 μm and from 0.12 to 0.3 μm, at least 90% by weight of the particles of each population having a diameter within the range from 0.7 to 1.6 times the mean diameter of the said population, 5 to 45% by weight of the particles of the latex having a diameter less than 0.4 μm, and drying the concentrate.","label":"HouseConst","id":292} +{"sentence":"Asphalt composition comprising linear diblock copolymer[none] The present invention relates to an asphalt composition comprising a linear diblock copolymer. Particularly, an asphalt composition comprising a linear diblock copolymer consisting of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon\/conjugated diene has superior dispersion, elongation and a high softening point, and an asphalt composition to which a small amount of sulfur compound is further added has more improved dispersion and thus elongation and softening temperature can be improved more effectively.1 . An asphalt composition comprising; a) asphalt; and b) a linear diblock copolymer of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon\/conjugated diene.","label":"IndustConst","id":293} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbent polymer particles by the polymerization of droplets of a monomer solutionA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution in a surrounding gas phase, the resulting polymer particles having a water content of at least 5% by weight, and being aftertreated thermally in the fluidized state in the presence of steam at a temperature of at least 60° C.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by (i) polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, b) optionally a crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, and d) water, in a surrounding gas phase to provide polymer particles having a water content of at least 5% by weight, then (ii) thermally aftertreating the polymer particles in a fluidized state in the presence of a gas stream at a temperature of at least 60° C., the gas stream having a relative moisture content of 20% to 98% at a temperature of less than 100° C. or comprising 0.25 to 10 kg of steam per kg of dry gas at a temperature of 100° C. or more, wherein the thermal aftertreatment is performed for at least 5 minutes, and the thermal aftertreatment temperature and the relative moisture content of the gas stream are selected such that the water content of the polymer particles changes by less than 40% during the thermal aftertreatment.","label":"Household","id":294} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing butadiene and\/or butenes from n-butaneThe process for preparing butadiene from n-butane comprises the steps of A) providing a feed gas stream a comprising n-butane; B) feeding the feed gas stream a comprising n-butane into at least one first dehydrogenation zone; C) compressing in at least one first compression stage and cooling the gas stream b; D) absorbing the butenes and the stream c 2 comprising butadiene, n-butane, hydrogen and water vapor, with or without inert gases and with or without carbon oxides, with a selective solvent; E) extractively distilling the selective solvent; F) distilling the selective solvent; G) feeding stream f and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating 1-butene and 2-butenes.1. A process for preparing butadiene from n-butane, comprising the steps of A) providing a feed gas stream a comprising n-butane; B) feeding the feed gas stream a comprising n-butane into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidatively catalytically dehydrogenating n-butane to obtain a gas stream b comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butenes, butadiene and hydrogen, with or without water vapor, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; C) compressing in at least one first compression stage and cooling the gas stream b to obtain at least one condensate stream c 1 comprising water and a stream c 2 comprising butenes and butadiene, n-butane, hydrogen and water vapor, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; D) absorbing the stream c 2 comprising butenes, butadiene, n-butane, hydrogen and water vapor, with or without inert gases and with or without carbon oxides, with a selective solvent mixture comprising 80 to 97% by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone and 3 to 20% by weight of water, to obtain a stream d 1 comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, water, and butenes, butadiene and butane, with or without carbon dioxide, and a stream d 2 comprising hydrogen, with or without inert gases and without butane, wherein stream d 2 is recycled fully or partly into the first dehydrogenation zone B); E) extractively distilling the stream d 1 with a selective solvent stream e 1 comprising 80 to 97% by weight of N-methylpyrrolidone and 3 to 20% by weight of water, to separate the stream d 1 , into a stream e 2 comprising N-methylpyrrolidone, water, and butane, butenes and butadiene, and a stream e 3 comprising butane, with or without carbon oxides; F) distilling the stream e 2 to give a stream e 1 comprising N-methylpyrrolidone and water, and a stream f comprising butane, butenes, butadiene; G) feeding stream f and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating 1-butene and 2-butenes to obtain a gas stream g comprising n-butane, unconverted 1-butene and 2-butenes, butadiene and water vapor, with or without carbon oxides, with or without hydrogen and with or without inert gases.","label":"Process","id":295} +{"sentence":"Branched Low and Medium Density PolyethyleneThe invention relates to a long chain branched medium and low density polyethylene having a combination of the following properties: a) a density of from 0.910 to 0.945 g\/cm3; b) an HLMI of from 2 to 150 dg\/min and an MI2 of from 0.01 to 2 dg\/min; c) a polydispersity index (PDI) Mw\/Mn of at least 7, wherein Mw is the weight average molecular weight and Mn is the number average molecular weight of the polyethylene; and d) and a minimum amount of long chain branching measured by a value selected from one of grheo and LCBI. The invention also relates to a process for obtaining said polyethylene comprising the following steps: a) injecting ethylene, one or more alpha-olefinic comonomers comprising 3 to 10 carbon atoms and an activated chromium-based catalyst into a gas phase polymerisation reactor; b) copolymerising said ethylene and comonomer in said reactor in the gas phase; and c) retrieving an ethylene copolymer having a density of from 0.910 to 0.945 g\/cm3from said reactor; said activated catalyst having a chromium concentration of at least 0.1 wt-% and of at most 1.0 wt-% based on the weight of the titanated chromium-based catalyst and a titanium concentration of from 1 wt-% to 5 wt-% based on the weight of the titanated chromium-based catalyst, whereby the catalyst was titanated with vaporised titanium compound and activated at a temperature of at least 500° C.23 . A polyethylene comprising: a density of from 0.910 to 0.945 g\/cm3; an HLMI of from 2 to 150 dg\/min and an MI2 of from 0.01 to 2 dg\/min; a polydispersity index (PDI) Mw\/Mn of at least 7, wherein Mw is the weight average molecular weight and Mn is the number average molecular weight of the polyethylene; and a long chain branching value selected from one of: a grheo fulfilling the following equation: grheo<1.1\/(3.73+6.08*10−7(Mw)2.5+0.144\/(ln(ρ))) an LCBI fulfilling the following equation: LCBI>3.5*(1−(1\/3.73+6.08*10−7(Mw)2.5+0.144\/(ln(ρ))))2 wherein in both equations Mw is the weight average molecular weight of the polyethylene expressed in kDa and ρ is the density of the polyethylene expressed in g\/cm3.","label":"HouseConst","id":296} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent resin and production process thereforIn a production process for a water-absorbent resin, comprising the steps of: blending a liquid material and a water-absorbent resin; and heating the resultant mixture in order to produce a modified water-absorbent resin, the present invention is to provide: a method for uniformly and efficiently treating a water-absorbent resin favorably in view of industry, and as a result, a good-balanced water-absorbent resin having various excellent properties, such absorption capacity without a load, absorption capacity under a load, and single-layer absorption capacity under a load in contact with an aqueous liquid. The production process comprises the step of spray-blending a water-absorbent resin (A) and a liquid material (B) with a blending apparatus equipped with a spray nozzle (C), wherein the liquid material (B) is sprayed from the spray nozzle (C) and its spray pattern is a circular and hollow cone shape or a double-convex-lens and elliptic cone shape. In addition, the production process comprises the step of heat-treating a water-absorbent resin under an atmosphere having a dew point of not higher than 60° C. and a temperature of not lower than 90° C., wherein the water-absorbent resin is obtained after a drying step following a pulverization step.1. A production process for a water-absorbent resin, comprising the steps of: blending a liquid material and a water-absorbent resin; and heating the resultant mixture to produce a modified water-absorbent resin, with the production process comprising the step of spray-blending a water-absorbent resin (A) and a liquid material (B) with a blending apparatus equipped with a spray nozzle (C), and spraying the liquid material (B) from the spray nozzle (C) in a circular and hollow cone shaped spray pattern.","label":"Household","id":297} +{"sentence":"Aerogel and method for manufacture thereofAn aerogel with excellent thermal insulation performance, average particle size of 1 to 20 μm and globular shape; and a method of manufacturing it efficiently, is provided. The aerogel has specific surface area by BET method of 400 to 1000 m2\/g; pore volume and peak pore radius by BJH method of 3 to 8 mL\/g and 10 to 30 nm, respectively; average particle size and average circularity by image analysis method of 1 to 20 μm and no less than 0.8, respectively. The method includes the steps of: preparing an aqueous silica sol; dispersing the sol into a hydrophobic solvent, thereby forming a W\/O emulsion; causing gelation of the sol, thereby converting the emulsion into a dispersion of a gel; replacing water in the gel with a solvent having a small surface tension; treating the gel with a hydrophobing agent; and removing the solvent used in the solvent replacement.1. A method for manufacturing an aerogel comprising the successive steps of: (i) preparing an aqueous silica sol; (ii) dispersing the aqueous silica sol into a hydrophobic solvent, thereby forming a W\/O emulsion; (iii) causing gelation of the silica sol, thereby converting the W\/O emulsion into a dispersion of a gel; (iv) replacing water in the gel with a solvent which has a surface tension at 20° C. of no more than 30 mN\/m; (v) treating the gel with a hydrophobing agent; and (vi) removing the solvent used in the replacing step (iv), wherein the hydrophobing agent is capable of reacting with a silanol group represented by the following formula (1) existing on the silica surface: ≡Si—OH  (1) [In the formula (1), the symbol "≡" represents remaining three valences of the Si atom;] thereby converting the silanol group into a group represented by the following formula (2): (≡Si—O—)(4-n)SiRn  (2) [In the formula (2), n is an integer of 1 to 3; each R is independently a hydrocarbyl group; and two or more R may be the same or different with each other where n is 2 or more.]","label":"IndustConst","id":298} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-alpha olefin copolymers and polymerization processes for making the sameA process for the production of an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer is disclosed. The process includes polymerizing ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin by contacting the ethylene and the at least one alpha-olefin with a metallocene catalyst in at least one gas phase reactor at a reactor pressure of from 0.7 to 70 bar and a reactor temperature of from 20° C. to 150° C. to form an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer. The resulting ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer may have a density of 0.927 g\/cc or greater and environmental stress crack resistance (ESCR) of 500 hr or more when measured according to ASTM 1693\/B in 10% Igepal.1. An ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer, wherein the ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer satisfies the following conditions: a density of 0.927 g\/cc or greater, a melt index ratio of (I21\/I2) of from 15 to 40 dg\/min, an ESCR value of 500 hr or greater when measured according to ASTM 1693\/B in 10% Igepal, a T75-T25 value of 4 or greater, wherein T25 is the temperature at which 25% of the eluted polymer is obtained and T75 is the temperature at which 75% of the eluted polymer is obtained in a TREF experiment, and a F80 value of 10% or greater, wherein F80 is the fraction of polymer that elutes below 80° C.","label":"Construct","id":299} +{"sentence":"Ormosil aerogels containing silicon bonded polymethacrylateThe invention provides reinforced aerogel monoliths as well as fiber reinforced composites thereof for a variety of uses. Compositions and methods of preparing the monoliths and composites are also provided.1 . An organically modified silica (ormosil) aerogel composition said composition comprising an acrylate family oligomer, which is bonded into the silicate network of the aerogel.","label":"IndustConst","id":300} +{"sentence":"Front-end hydrogenation and absorption process for ethylene recoveryA continuous process is described for contacting an olefins-containing feed gas stream, freed of CO2and sulfur compounds, in a front-end heat-pumped depropanizer to remove the C4+compounds, selectively hydrogenating the overhead stream to significantly reduce the acetylene and diolefins content, dehydrating the reactor effluent to remove traces of moisture, feeding the dehydrated stream to an intercooled and reboiled demethanizing absorber to produce a rich solvent containing ethylene and heavier hydrocarbons, feeding the absorber overhead stream to an auto refrigerated recovery unit to remove hydrogen, methane, and CO as overhead to a fuel gas system, separating the rich solvent in a solvent regenerator into an overhead stream of ethylene and heavier hydrocarbons and a bottom lean solvent stream for recycle to the demethanizing absorber, combining the overhead of the solvent regenerator with the bottoms of the demethanizer in the auto refrigerated recovery unit, and feeding the combined stream to a deethanizer which produces an overhead stream that is split into ethylene as product and ethane for recycling to the cracker.1. A process for recovering ethylene from a stream of feedstock gases selected from the group consisting of cracked hydrocarbon gases and refinery off-gases, comprising removing at least 75% of said ethylene in a solvent-based, demethanizing absorber, prior to an auto refrigerated recovery unit which recovers the remainder of said ethylene from said feedstock gases.","label":"Process","id":301} +{"sentence":"Dehydration and purification of isopropyl alcohol to an ultradry and ultrapure levelA method for the on-site reprocessing of isopropyl alcohol used in semiconductor manufacturing, to generate an ultradry and ultrapure isopropyl alcohol. This ultradry and ultrapure isopropyl alcohol is produced through a pervaporation step, followed by double distillation. In the first distillation step, an autonomous azeotropic self-stripping distillation column is used to produce an ultradry and partially purified isopropyl alcohol. In the next step, the isopropyl alcohol is distilled in an overhead product distillation column, to produce an ultrapure and ultradry isopropyl alcohol. Alternatively, if the feed isopropyl alcohol contains less than 2000 ppm water, the pervaporation step may be omitted. The resulting isopropyl alcohol has between a high of 100 parts per million (ppm) and a low of 0.1 ppm of water in the isopropyl alcohol. It also has zero particles per milliliter of a size larger than 2.0 microns, zero to 2 particles per milliliter of a size of 0.5 micron to 2.0 microns, zero to 30 particles per milliliter of a size between 0.1 microns and 0.5 microns, an unspecified number of particles per milliliter below 0.1 microns, 1 part per trillion (ppt) to 1 part per billion (ppb) of any specific trace impurity such as metals, anions, and cations, and 10 ppt to 10 ppm of any other specific trace organic substances.1. A method of dehydrating and purifying an impure aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol, resulting in an ultrapure and ultradry isopropyl alcohol, said method comprising the steps of: removing water from an impure aqueous solution of isopropyl alcohol, containing approximately 0.2 to 12% water by weight, by pervaporation of the isopropyl alcohol solution through a water permeable membrane to produce a partially dehydrated isopropyl alcohol containing less than 2000 ppm water by weight; removing substantially all of the remaining water and any organic substances with boiling points less than isopropyl alcohol from the partially dehydrated isopropyl alcohol by a first distillation in a stripping first distillation column, wherein any said organic substances and water are removed by distilling the organic substances with boiling points less than isopropyl alcohol and an isopropyl alcohol\/water azeotrope as overhead product, thereby producing a partially purified and ultradry isopropyl alcohol; and subjecting the ultradry and partially purified isopropyl alcohol to a second distillation through a low boiling overhead product second distillation column, and taking an ultradry and ultrapure isopropyl alcohol end product as overhead product, wherein the ultrapure and ultradry isopropyl alcohol end product contains less than about 100 parts per million water, zero particles per milliliter of a size greater than two microns, less than two particles per milliliter of a size greater than 0.5 microns, less than about thirty particles per milliliter of a size less than 0.5 micron but greater than 0.1 micron, less than about 1 part per billion of any specific anion or cation, and less than about ten parts per million of any specific organic substance with a boiling point different from isopropyl alcohol.","label":"Process","id":302} +{"sentence":"MODIFIED CONJUGATED DIENE POLYMER AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, POLYMER COMPOSITION, CROSSLINKED POLYMER, AND TIREThe invention provides a rubber composition which can improve low fuel consumption performance, workability, and abrasion resistance at the same time in uses of automobile tires and the like. A modified conjugated diene polymer is produced by a method comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or polymerizing a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound to obtain a conjugated diene polymer having an active end in the presence of a metal amide compound obtained by mixing an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound with a secondary amine compound and a first modification step of reacting the active end with a compound (C1) having a functional group (a) that interacts with silica, having one or more linear structures where three or more groups or atoms in total derived from at least either of a methylene group and a divalent atom are linearly connected, and capable of binding to a plurality of the active ends.1 . A method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer, comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or polymerizing a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound to obtain a conjugated diene polymer having an active end, in the presence of a metal amide compound obtained by mixing an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound with a secondary amine compound and a first modification step of reacting the active end with the following compound (C1): (C1) a compound having a functional group (a) that interacts with silica, having one or more linear structures where three or more groups or atoms in total derived from at least either of a methylene group and a divalent atom are linearly connected, and capable of binding to a plurality of the active ends.","label":"Automobile","id":303} +{"sentence":"Process for producing surface-postcrosslinked water-absorbent polymer particlesThe present invention relates to a process for producing surface-postcrosslinked water-absorbent polymer particles by coating of water-absorbent polymer particles having a content of residual monomers in the range from 0.03 to 15% by weight with at least one surface-postcrosslinker and thermal surface-postcrosslinking at temperatures in the range from 100 to 180° C.1. A process for producing surface-postcrosslinked water-absorbent polymer particles, comprising forming water-absorbent polymer particles by polymerizing a monomer solution, comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, b) optionally one or more crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, d) optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the monomer mentioned under a), e) optionally one or more water-soluble polymer, and f) water, coating the water-absorbent polymer particles with at least one surface-postcrosslinker, and thermal surface-postcrosslinking the coated water-absorbent polymer particles, wherein a content of residual monomers in the water-absorbent polymer particles prior to the coating with the surface-postcrosslinker is in the range from 0.1 to 15% by weight, and a temperature during the thermal surface-postcrosslinking is in the range from 100 to 180° C. wherein the surface-postcrosslinked water-absorbent polymer particles have a centrifuge retention capacity from 35 to 75 g\/g.","label":"Household","id":304} +{"sentence":"Nano-porous fibers and protein membranesThe present invention provides nano-porous fibers and protein membrane compositions. In certain embodiments, continuous fiber compositions are provided having nanometer sized diameters and surface pores. In another embodiment, a protein membrane composition is provided comprising a protein; and a polymer, wherein the protein and the polymer are electrospun to form a protein membrane composition. In certain instance, the protein is covalently bound to the fiber.1 . A nanofiber comprising a first polymer and a biological material, wherein said nanofiber has a plurality of nanopores.","label":"IndustConst","id":305} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbing Foam, Method for the Production and Use ThereofA superabsorbent foam comprising from 0.01% by weight to 10% by weight of fibers composed of woodpulp or waste paper, based on the dry weight of the foam.1 . A superabsorbent foam comprising from 0.01% to 10% by weight of fibers composed of woodpulp or waste paper, based on the dry weight of the foam.","label":"Household","id":306} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene pipe resins and production thereofA polyethylene resin comprising a blend of from 35 to 49 wt % of a first polyethylene fraction of high molecular weight and 51 to 65 wt % of a second polyethylene fraction of low molecular weight, the first polyethylene fraction comprising a linear low density polyethylene having a density of up to 0.928 g\/cm3, and an HLMI of less than 0.6 g\/10 min and the second polyethylene fraction comprising a high density polyethylene having a density of at least 0.969 g\/cm3, and an MI2 of greater than 100 g\/10 min, and the polyethylene resin, having a density of greater than 0.951 g\/cm3and an HLMI of from 1 to 100 g\/10 min.1. A polyethylene resin comprising from 35 to 49 wt % of a first polyethylene fraction of high molecular weight and from 51 to 65 wt % of a second polyethylene fraction having a lower molecular weight than said first polyethylene fraction: (a) said first polyethylene fraction comprising a linear low density polyethylene having a density of no more than 0.928 g\/cm3, and a high load melt index, HLMI, of less than 0.6 g\/10 min; (b) said second polyethylene fraction comprising a high density polyethylene having a density of at least 0.969 g\/cm3and a melt index, MI2 of greater than 100 g\/10 min.; and (c) said polyethylene resin having a density of greater than 0.951 g\/cm3, a high load melt index, HMLI, within the range of 1–100 g\/10 min and being effective when formed into a high strength pipe to provide such having a creep resistance measured according to ISO 1167 on a 32mm diameter SDR11 pipe of at least 500 hours at 20° C. and 13 MPa and a stress crack resistance measured according to the full notch creep test of ISO DIS 16770 of at least 500 hours measured at 80° C. and 5 MPa.","label":"HouseConst","id":307} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization processA method for preparing a supported organometallic complex is disclosed. An organometallic complex is combined with a support material that has been treated with an organozinc compound. The organometallic complex comprises a Group 3 to 10 transition metal and an indenoindolyl ligand that is bonded to the transition metal. Also disclosed is a process for polymerizing an olefin using the supported complex. Organozinc treatment of the support unexpectedly boosts catalyst activity and polyolefin molecular weight.1. A process which comprises polymerizing an olefin in the presence of an activator and a supported organometallic complex, wherein the supported organometallic complex is prepared by treating a support with about 0.1 to about 2 moles of an organozinc compound per kg support and combining the organozinc-treated support with an organometallic complex comprising a Group 3 to 10 transition metal, M, and at least one indenoindolyl ligand that is bonded to M.","label":"Catalyst","id":308} +{"sentence":"Monocyclopentadienyl complexes comprising a condensed heterocycleMonocyclopentadienyl complexes containing a cyclopentadienyl system comprising at least one fused heterocycle and at least one uncharged donor which can be used in catalyst systems for the polymerization or copolymerization of olefins.1. A monocyclopentadienyl complex which is suitable for olefin polymerization and which comprises the following structural feature of the formula (HCp)YnM, where the variables have the following meanings: HCp is a cyclopentadienyl system containing at least one fused heretocycle, Y is a substitutent which is bound to HCp and comprises at least one uncharged donor containing an atom of group 14 or 15 of the Periodic Table and has the formula -Zm-A, where the variables have the following meanings: Z is a divalent bridge between A and HCp, A is where R1C-R10Care each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl part or SiR11C3, where the organic radical R1C-R10Cmay also be substituted by halogens and two vicinals radicals R1C-R10Cmay also be joined to form a five- or six-membered ring and R11Care each independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl or alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl part and two radicals R11Cmay also be joined to form a five- or six-membered ring, m is 1, or may also be 0, M is a metal of group 3, 4, 5, or 6 of the Periodic Table, and n is 1, wherein HCp and Y form a ligand (HCp-Y) of the formula II where the variables have the following meanings: E1A-E5Aare each carbon or at most one E1Ato E5Ais phosphorus or nitrogen, R1A-R4Aare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl part, SiR6A3, where the organic radicals R1A-R4Amay also be substituted by halogens and two vicinal radicals R1A-R4Amay also be joined to form a five- or six-membered ring, with the proviso that at least two vicinal radicals R1A-R4Aare joined to form a heterocycle which contains at least one atoms from group 15 or 16 of the Periodic Table.","label":"Catalyst","id":309} +{"sentence":"Particular water-absorbent agent having water-absorbent resin as main componentA particulate water-absorbent agent containing a polyacrylate salt-type water-absorbent resin. The agent has an absorption capacity without load of 28 g\/g or higher and has a diffusion absorption index of 1.40 to 10.0 g\/g min. The amount of water-soluble components in the agent, with stirring, is 15-60% by mass. The difference between this amount and the amount of water-soluble components, without stirring, is 15-50% by mass. Also disclosed is a method of making the above-identified agent.1. A particulate water-absorbent agent comprising a polyacrylate salt-type water-absorbent resin as a main component, and having an absorption capacity without load of equal to or higher than 28 g\/g, characterized by satisfying the following (a) to (c): (a) amount of water-soluble component under stirring is from 18 to 50% by mass of the water-absorbent agent; (b) difference between an amount of water-soluble component under stirring and an amount of water-soluble component in standing still (amount of water-soluble component under stirring−amount of water-soluble component in standing still) is from 15 to 50% by mass of the water-absorbent agent; and (c) diffusion absorption index is from 1.40 to 10.0 g\/g\/min; wherein the amount of water-soluble component under stirring represents amount of a dissolution polymer after 16 hours, to a normal saline solution under stirring, and the amount of water-soluble component in standing still represents amount of a dissolution polymer after 16 hours, to a normal saline solution in standing still.","label":"Household","id":310} +{"sentence":"Apparatus and process for purification of acrylic acid familyAn apparatus and a process for purification of an acrylic acid family. The apparatus is an apparatus for distillation purification of the acrylic acid family encompassing acrylic acid and its esters, and includes: a distillation column 10 to which a liquid containing the acrylic acid family is supplied, and from the column top of which a vapor is retrieved, and from the column bottom of which a liquid is retrieved; a condenser 20 which is connected to the column top side of the distillation column 10 , and to which the vapor having been retrieved from the distillation column is supplied, and which condenses the supplied vapor and then refluxes a portion of the resultant condensate to the distillation column 10 , and from which the residual condensate is retrieved; and a reboiler 30 which is connected to the column bottom side of the distillation column 10 , and to which the liquid in the distillation column 10 is supplied, and which heat-boils the supplied liquid and then returns it to the distillation column 10 ; wherein the reboiler 30 is set in a number of at least two in parallel to the distillation column 10 . The process uses the above apparatus.1. A process for distillation purification of an acrylic acid family encompassing acrylic acid and its esters with an apparatus comprising a distillation column, at least two reboilers, and a condenser, with said at least two reboilers being connected to the column bottom side of the distillation column, with the condenser being connected to the column top side of the distillation column, with the process comprising the steps of: supplying a liquid containing said acrylic acid family to the distillation column, retrieving a vapor from a column top of said distillation column, retrieving a liquid from a column bottom of said distillation column, selecting an outer diameter of the distillation column to be in a range of 2 to 6 m, selecting a height of the distillation column to be in a range of 2 to 40 m, and selecting a capacity of the distillation column to be in a range of 0.5 to 1,000 m3, supplying the vapor that has been retrieved from the distillation column to the condenser, condensing with the condenser the vapor that has been supplied to the condenser and then refluxing a portion of resultant condensate to the distillation column, retrieving residual condensate from the condenser, supplying the liquid in the distillation column to said at least two reboilers, heat-boiling with said at least two reboilers the liquid that has been supplied to said at least two reboilers and returning said liquid to the distillation column, and setting said at least two reboilers in parallel to the distillation column in order to prevent channeling of the liquid or vapor in the distillation column, thus preventing formation and adhesion of polymer and clogging in the distillation column and in said at least two reboilers.","label":"Process","id":311} +{"sentence":"Functionalized periodic mesoporous materials, their synthesis and useA functionalized porous crystalline material is disclosed exhibiting an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one peak at a position greater than about 1.8 nm d-spacing with a relative intensity of 100. The crystalline material comprises a framework including metal atoms, oxygen atoms and at least one organic group bonded between at least two of said metal atoms so as to be integral with said framework, and wherein said organic group has at least one sulfonate moiety bonded thereto.1. A functionalized porous crystalline material exhibiting an X-ray diffraction pattern with at least one peak at a position greater than about 1.8 nm d-spacing with a relative intensity of 100, wherein said crystalline material comprises a framework including metal atoms, oxygen atoms and at least one organic group bonded between at least two of said metal atoms so as to be integral with said framework, and wherein said organic group has at least one sulfonate moiety bonded thereto.","label":"Automobile","id":312} +{"sentence":"Monocylopentadienyl transition metal olefin polymerization catalystsThe invention is a catalyst system including a Group IV B transition metal component and an alumoxane component which may be employed to polymerize olefins to produce a high molecular weight polymer.1. A process for producing a compound represented by the general formula: wherein M is Zr, Hf or Ti; M′ has the same meaning as M; (C 5 H 4−x R x ) is a cyclopentadienyl ring which is substituted with from zero to four substituent groups R, x is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 denoting the degree of substitution, and each substituent group R is, independently, a radical selected from the group consisting of halogen radicals, C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl radicals, substituted C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl radicals where one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by a halogen radical or (C 5 H 4−x R x ) is a cyclopentadienyl ring in which two adjacent R substituents are joined to form a ring to give an indenyl or tetrahydroindenyl ligand; (JR′ z−2 ) is a heteroatom ligand in which J is an element with a coordination number of three from Group V A or an element with a coordination number of two from Group VI A of the Periodic Table of Elements, each R′ is a radical selected from the group consisting of C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl radicals, substituted C 1 -C 20 hydrocarbyl radicals where one or more hydrogen atoms is replaced by a halogen radical, and z is the coordination number of the element J; each Q is, independently, selected from the group consisting of hydride, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, amyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, cetyl, phenyl, chloro, bromo, fluoro, iodo, methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, butoxy, phenoxy, methylphenoxy, dimethylamido, diethylamido, methylethylamido, dibutylamido, dipropylamido, diphenylamido, diphenylphosphido, dicyclohexylphosphido, diethylphosphido, and dimethylphosphido; Q′ has the same meaning as Q; T is a covalent bridging group selected from the group consisting of dialkyl, alkylaryl or diaryl silicon or germanium radicals; and L is a neutral Lewis base where w denotes the number 0 or 1; comprising reacting a Group IV B transition metal halide with a salt containing an anion of the formula ((C 5 H 4−x R x )—T—(JR′ z−2 )) −2 and either two cations from Group I A or one cation from Group II A of the Periodic Table of Elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":313} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition and pneumatic tireAn object of the present invention is to provide a rubber composition which can further improve abrasion resistance without deterioration in energy efficiency, and a pneumatic tire using the rubber composition. The rubber composition comprises a polymer mixture obtained by modifying a polymer composed of at least one of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound with a compound having at least one of an ester group and a carboxyl group; at least one of tetraamines; and silica, the polymer mixture having a weight-average molecular weight of 1.0×103to 1.0×105, and the tetraamines being a compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein each of RA, RB, RC, RD, RE, RF, RGand RHindependently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and ALK represents a tetravalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group.1. A rubber composition comprising: a polymer mixture obtained by modifying a polymer composed of at least one of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound with a compound having at least one of an ester group and a carboxyl group; at least one of tetraamines; and silica, the polymer mixture having a weight-average molecular weight of 1.0×103to 1.0×105, and the tetraamines being a compound represented by the following formula (I): wherein each of RA, RB, RC, RD, RE, RF, RGand RHindependently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, and ALK represents a tetravalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group.","label":"Automobile","id":314} +{"sentence":"Methods of manufacture of secured aerogel compositesEmbodiments of the present invention describe secured fiber-reinforced aerogels and laminate structures formed therefrom. In one embodiment a laminate comprises at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer adjacent to at least one layer of fiber-containing material wherein fibers from said at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of said at least one fiber-containing material. In another embodiment a laminate comprises at least two adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layers wherein fibers from at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of an adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layer.1. A method of securing at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer to at least one layer of a fiber-containing material comprising: a) disposing a laminate comprising at least one layer of a fiber-containing material adjacent to at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer where at least one layer being a top layer that defines an exposed surface; and b) penetrating said laminate through said exposed surface with at least one felting needle thereby interlacing fibers within the laminate.","label":"IndustConst","id":315} +{"sentence":"Vinyl chloride resin compositionA vinyl chloride resin composition having a greatly improved processability without lowering the transparency wherein the gelation property of a vinyl chloride resin is improved with greatly decreased generation of ungelled substance; which comprises a vinyl chloride resin and 0.1 to 30 parts by weight of a processing aid per 100 parts by weight of said vinyl chloride resin, wherein said processing aid is a polymer prepared by polymerizing (B) 40 to 94 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 60 to 100% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 0 to 40% by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl acrylate and an alkyl methacrylate different from methyl methacrylate and 0 to 10% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith, in the presence of a first latex prepared by emulsion-polymerizing (A) 3 to 30 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 0 to 50% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 50 to 100% by weight of an alkyl acrylate and 0 to 20% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith, and polymerizing (C) 3 to 30 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 0 to 50% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 50 to 100% by weight of an alkyl acrylate and 0 to 20% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith in the presence of the resulting second latex, the total amount of said mixtures (A), (B) and (C) being 100 parts by weight.1. A vinyl chloride resin composition comprising a vinyl chloride resin and 0.1 to 30 parts by weigh of a processing aid per 100 parts by weight of said vinyl chloride resin, wherein said processing aid is a polymer prepared by polymerizing (B) 40 to 94 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 60 to 100% by weight of methlyl methacrylate, 0 to 40% by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an alkyl acrylate and an alkyl methacrylate different from methyl methacrylate and 0 to 10% by weight of vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith, in the presence of a first latex prepared by emulsion-polymerizing (A) 3 to 30 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 0 to 45% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 55 to 100% by weight of an alkyl acrylate and 0 to 20% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable, and polymerizing (C) 3 to 30 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 0 to 45% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 55% to 100% by weight of an alkyl acrylate and 0 to 20% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith in the presence of the resulting second latex, the total amount of said mixtures (A), (B) and (C) being 100 parts by weight.","label":"IndustConst","id":316} +{"sentence":"Low density polyolefin resins with low molecular weight and high molecular weight components, and films made therefromDisclosed herein are ethylene-based polymers produced using dual metallocene catalyst systems. These polymers have low densities, high molecular weights, and broad molecular weight distributions, as well as having the majority of the long chain branches in the lower molecular weight component of the polymer, and the majority of the short chain branches in the higher molecular weight component of the polymer. Films produced from these polymers have improved impact and puncture resistance.1. An ethylene polymer composition comprising a higher molecular weight component and a lower molecular weight component, wherein: a ratio of the Mp of the higher molecular weight component to the Mp of the lower molecular weight component is in a range from about 5:1 to about 100:1; a number of LCB of the lower molecular weight component is in a range from about 5 to about 50 LCB per million total carbon atoms; and a number of LCB of the higher molecular weight component is less than or equal to about 5 LCB per million total carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":317} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent agent, method for production thereof, and water-absorbent compositionA method for the production of a water-absorbent agent comprises mixing an absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group with an additive soluble in the aqueous solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, organic acids, and polyamino acids and a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with the carboxyl group. A water-absorbent agent obtained by adding from 0.005 to 8 parts by weight of an epoxy compound to 100 parts by weight of a water-absorbent resin, exhibiting an absorption capacity without load of at least 45 (g\/g), an absorption capacity under load of 20 g\/cm2of not less than 30 (ml\/g) and having a residue amount of an epoxy compound of not more than 2 ppm. A water-absorbent composition comprises a polyamino acid (salt) and a water-absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group.1. A method for the production of a water-absorbent agent which comprises mixing a water-absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group with (1) an additive soluble in the aqueous solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, organic acids, and polyamino acids and (2) a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with said carboxyl group.","label":"Household","id":318} +{"sentence":"MODELLING MATERIAL AND ITS USEA modelling material contains a binder in the form of a plastisol, wherein the plastisol contains essentially PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and at least one phthalate-free plasticizer. The phthalate-free plasticizer is citric acid-based, adipic acid-based, or benzoate ester-based. The material contains 5% by weight to 95% by weight PVC; 5% by weight to 30% by weight phthalate-free plasticizer; 0% by weight to 10% by weight stabilizer; 0% by weight to 10% by weight co-stabilizer; 0% by weight to 75% by weight fillers; 0% by weight to 5% by weight coloring agent; and 0% by weight to 5% by weight other additives.1 . A modeling material comprising: a binder in the form of a plastisol, wherein the plastisol comprises PVC (polyvinyl chloride) and at least one phthalate-free plasticizer, whereby the material is hardenable at temperatures from 100-130° C. so as to be gelled after hardening, wherein the modeling material is free from phthalate plasticizers, comprising 15% by weight to 24% by weight of the at least one phthalate-free plasticizer.","label":"HouseConst","id":319} +{"sentence":"Weatherable styrenic blends with improved translucencyRubber modified weatherable styrenic blends with improved transparency and colorability are disclosed. A matrix phase of poly(alkyl alkylacrylate) and vinyl carboxylic acid ester-vinyl aromatic-vinyl cyanide terpolymer is combined with a rubbery graft phase of a poly(alkyl acrylate) rubber substrate grafted with a vinyl aromatic-vinyl cyanide superstrate copolymer to provide acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile type (ASA) compositions.1. An acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile type (ASA) composition comprising: a) a matrix phase comprising (i) a terpolymer of a vinyl carboxylic acid ester monomer, a vinyl aromatic monomer and a vinyl cyanide monomer and (ii) a polymethylmethacrylate (PMMAV); and b) a graft copolymer comprising (i) a substrate rubber and (ii) a superstrate copolymer, wherein the substrate rubber comprises a rubber derived from a vinyl carboxylic acid ester monomer and wherein the superstrate copolymer comprises a copolymer derived from both vinyl aromatic monomer and a vinyl cyanide monomer, wherein the matrix phase is present at a weight percent level of from about 75 to about 25 weight percent of the total weight of the composition; and wherein the graft copolymer is present at a level of from about 25 to about 75 weight percent of the total weight of the composition, and the substrate rubber is present at a level of from about 5 to about 55 weight percent of the total weight of the composition.","label":"Automobile","id":320} +{"sentence":"Absorber and absorbent articleAn absorber containing non-wood pulp with the settling velocity in water between 2 and 5 seconds, the mean fiber size of 8 to 25 μm, the apparent bulk density of 0.04 to 0.07 g\/cm3, and the absorption for 0.9% physiological saline of at least 20-fold with respect to the pulp mass. The absorber has a thickness change of at least 600%, as the thickness after having absorbed 0.9% physiological saline with respect to the thickness before absorbing 0.9% physiological saline. When addition of 80 mL of 0.9% physiological saline to the absorbent article over a period of 10 seconds is performed three times every 10 minutes and the absorption rate of the absorbent article for each of the three times is evaluated as the time from addition of the 0.9% physiological saline until complete absorption, the absorption rate for each of the three times is not greater than 20 seconds.1. An absorber containing non-wood pulp, wherein the non-wood pulp is abaca pulp made from a portion near the core of Manila hemp or a portion between the core and hull of Manila hemp, or banana pulp made from banana stem, the mean fiber size of the non-wood pulp is 8 to 25 μm, the apparent bulk density of the non-wood pulp is 0.04 to 0.07 g\/cm3, the absorption of the non-wood pulp for 0.9% physiological saline is at least 20 times the mass of the pulp, and the settling velocity of the non-wood pulp in water is between 2 seconds and 5 seconds.","label":"Household","id":321} +{"sentence":"Process for producing vinyl chloride-based polymerA process for producing a vinyl chloride-based polymer by suspension polymerization is provided. The polymerization is initiated in the presence of (A) a particular hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, (B) a particular partially saponified PVA with a saponification degree of 75 to 85 mol % and an average polymerization degree of 1000 to 3000, and (C) a particular partially saponified PVA with a saponification degree of 20 to 57 mol % and an average polymerization degree of 150 to 600 in a specified ration, and said (C) is also additionally added to the polymerization system when a conversion rate is 15–50%. Polymers with a high porosity, excellent plasticizer absorption, extremely low levels of fish eyes, and a high bulk specific gravity are produced at a high level of productivity.1. A process for producing a vinyl chloride-based polymer, comprising a suspension polymerization of either vinyl chloride, or a monomer mixture of vinyl chloride and another copolymerizable monomer, in an aqueous medium, and in presence of a dispersion stabilizer, wherein said dispersion stabilizer comprises (A) hydroxypropylmethylcellulose with a degree of methoxy group substitution of 26 to 30% by mass, a degree of hydroxypropoxy group substitution of 4 to 15% by mass, and a viscosity at 20° C. for a 2% by mass aqueous solution thereof of 5 to 4000 mPa·s, (B) a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol with a saponification degree of 75 to 85 mol % and an average polymerization degree of 1000 to 3000, and (C) a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol with a saponification degree of 20 to 57 mol % and an average polymerization degree of 150 to 600, said suspension polymerization is initiated in presence of said (A), (B), and (C), and respective quantities of said (A), (B), and (C) at initiation satisfy conditions prescribed by a formula (1) and a formula (2) shown below: mass of (A)\/mass of (B)=2 or greater  (1) and when the polymerization conversion is within a range from 15 to 50%, an additional quantity of said (C) is added to said polymerization reaction system.","label":"HouseConst","id":322} +{"sentence":"Method and device for extractive distillationA process for fractionating a starting mixture of two or more components by extractive distillation using a selective solvent in a dividing wall column aligned in the longitudinal direction of the column and extending to the upper end of the column and dividing the column interior into a first region, a second region, and a lower combined column region. The starting mixture is fed into the first region, a first top stream is taken off from the first region, and a second top stream is taken off from the second region, each stream having a prescribed specification. The selective solvent is introduced in the upper part of the first region and\/or in the upper part of the second region, and solvent flow into the first region and\/or solvent flow into the second region are set so that each of the prescribed specifications for the top streams are met.1. A process for fractionating a starting mixture of at least two components by extractive distillation using a selective solvent in a dividing wall column, comprising carrying out the process in a dividing wall column having a dividing wall aligned in a longitudinal direction of the column and extending to an upper end of the column and dividing an interior of the column into a first region, a second region, and a lower combined column region, feeding the starting mixture into the first region, taking off a first top stream from the first region, and taking off a second top stream from the second region, with each of the streams having a preset composition, introducing the selective solvent in an upper part of the first region or in an upper part of the second region, and setting the flow of solvent into the first region or flow of solvent into the second region so that each of the preset compositions for the top streams are met, wherein at least one liquid stream or substream is taken off from the dividing wall column at at least one thermodynamically suitable theoretical plate, partly or completely vaporized by heat transfer from hot, degassed solvent stream, and returned to the dividing wall column.","label":"Process","id":323} +{"sentence":"Basic gas absorptive fiber and production thereofDisclosed herein is a fiber capable of basic gas absorption and easy regeneration. Disclosed also herein is a process for producing said fiber. The basic gas absorptive fiber is an acrylic fiber characterized by a specific amount of nitrogen which is increased by crosslinking with hydrazine, a specific amount of carboxyl groups and amido groups resulting from modification of nitrile groups, and a specific value of tensile strength. It is prepared from acrylic fiber by crosslinking with hydrazine and subsequent hydrolysis and conversion of hydroxyl groups into carboxylic acid. It has good processability and can be used repeatedly.1. A basic gas absorptive and releasing fiber which comprises a crosslinked acrylic fiber prepared from an acrylonitrile polymer and has a 1.0-8.0% by weight increase in nitrogen content due to crosslinking by hydrazine, there being introduced carboxylic acid in an amount of 2.0-6.0 m mol\/g into a part of the remaining nitrile groups and being introduced amido groups into the remainder of the remaining nitrile groups, and the tensile strength of said fiber is 1 g\/d or more.","label":"IndustConst","id":324} +{"sentence":"Triazolylthiophosphoric acid estersTriazolylthiophosphonic esters corresponding to the formula ##SPC1## Wherein R1represents a phenyl radical which is substituted by one or more fluorine, bromine and\/or iodine atoms, by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, lower trihalogenoalkyl, lower alkyl-SO, lower alkyl-SO2or O2N groups, which may be the same or different, or by at least one chlorine and at least one fluorine, bromine or iodine atom, one lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, lower trihalogenoalkyl, lower alkyl-SO, lower alkyl-SO2or O2N group, or represents an unsubstituted or halogenated and\/or alkoxylated phenyl-lower alkyl radical or diphenylmethyl, and one of the symbols R2and R3represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical and the other represents the radical ##EQU1## wherein R4represents a lower alkyl radical or the phenyl radical and R5represents a lower alkyl radical their manufacture and their use in pest control.1. A compound of the formula ##SPC6## wherein R1represents a phenyl radical which is substituted by one or two fluorine or iodine atoms, by lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, trihalogeno-lower alkyl, lower alkyl-SO, lower alkyl-SO2or O2N groups, which may be the same or different, or by one chlorine and one fluorine, bromine or iodine atom, one lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, trihalogeno-lower alkyl, lower alkyl-SO, lower alkyl-SO2or O2N group, or represents an unsubstituted or halogenated or lower alkoxylated phenyl-lower alkyl radical or diphenylmethyl, R2represents hydrogen or a lower alkyl radical and R3represents the radical ##EQU6## wherein R4represents a lower alkyl radical or the phenyl radical and R5represents a lower alkyl radical.","label":"Process","id":325} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR PREPARING CATALYST USED IN PRODUCTION OF UNSATURATED ALDEHYDE AND\/OR UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACID BY DEHYDRATION REACTION OF GLYCERIN, AND CATALYST OBTAINEDA process for preparing a catalyst used in a production of acrolein and acrylic acid by dehydration reaction of glycerin, characterized by the steps of mixing a solution of heteropolyacid or constituents of heteropolyacid, a solution of at least one metal selected from elements belonging to Group 1 to Group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements or its onium and a carrier to obtain a solid substance, and then of effecting at least one time of calcination before said solid substance is used in the dehydration reaction of glycerin. A catalyst obtained by the process for use in a production of acrolein and acrylic acid by dehydration reaction of glycerin. A process for preparing acrolein by catalytic dehydration of glycerin carried out in the presence of the catalyst and under a pressurized condition. A process for preparing acrylic acid obtained by oxydation of acrolein obtained. A process for preparing acrylonitrile obtained by ammoxidation of acrolein obtained.1 . A process for preparing a catalyst used in a production of acrolein and acrylic acid by dehydration reaction of glycerin, characterized by the steps of mixing a solution of at least one metal selected from elements belonging to Group 1 to Group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements or its onium with a solution of heteropolyacid or constituents of heteropolyacid, and of calcinating the resulting solid substance directly or after the resulting solid substance is supported on a carrier.","label":"Catalyst","id":326} +{"sentence":"Absorbing agent composition, absorbent material, and absorbent product containing absorbent materialAn absorbing agent composition exhibiting excellent properties (absorbing properties), such as capabilities of maintaining high liquid diffusion and a constant absorbing capacity per unit weight, even when an amount of an absorbent resin is increased in percent by weight based on the weight of the absorbing agent composition, and an absorbent material containing such an absorbing agent composition and an absorbent product containing the absorbent material. The absorbing agent composition has a diffusing absorbency index under pressure of 1.5 g\/g·min or higher with respect to a physiological saline solution under a load of 20 g\/cm2. The absorbent material contains at least 40 weight percent absorbing agent composition based on the weight of the absorbent material. The absorbent product comprises an absorbent layer containing the absorbent material sandwiched by a liquid permeable sheet and a liquid impermeable sheet. The diffusing absorbency index under pressure is calculated by a device used for measuring the diffusing absorbency under pressure, that is, a weight of a physiological saline solution absorbed by the absorbing agent composition placed in a supporting cylinder for 60 minutes since the supporting cylinder is placed on a sheet with a weight is measured in time series using a balance.1. An absorbing agent composition having a diffusing absorbency index under pressure of 1.5 g\/g·min or higher with respect to a 0.9 weight percent sodium chloride solution under a load of 20 g\/cm2.","label":"Household","id":327} +{"sentence":"Polymerization catalysts for producing polymers with low levels of long chain branchingThis invention relates to catalyst compositions, methods, and polymers encompassing a Group 4 metallocene with bridging η5-cyclopentadienyl-type ligands, in combination with a cocatalyst and an activator-support. The compositions and methods disclosed herein provide ethylene polymers with low levels of long chain branching.1. A catalyst composition comprising: (i) a precontacted mixture comprising at least one ansa-metallocene, at least one organoaluminum compound, and at least one olefin, and (ii) at least one activator-support, wherein: a) the ansa-metallocene comprises a compound having the formula: (X1)(X2)(X3)(X4)M1, wherein M1is titanium, zirconium, or hafnium; (X1) and (X2) are independently selected from a cyclopentadienyl, an indenyl, a fluorenyl, or a substituted analog thereof, wherein at least one of (X1) and (X2) is substituted; at least one substituent of the substituted (X1) or (X2) comprises an unsaturated group having the formula —SiR42R5, wherein each R4is independently selected from a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; R5is selected from an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkadienyl group, or a substituted analog thereof having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; (X1) and (X2) are connected by a substituted or unsubstituted bridging group comprising one atom bonded to both (X1) and (X2) selected from carbon, silicon, germanium, or tin; and any substituent on R4, any substituent on R5, any substituent on the substituted bridging group, any additional substituent on (X1) or (X2), and (X3) and (X4) are independently selected from an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, an oxygen group, a sulfur group, a nitrogen group, a phosphorus group, an arsenic group, a carbon group, a silicon group, a germanium group, a tin group, a lead group, a boron group, an aluminum group, —SO2X, —OAlX2, —OSiX3, —OPX2, —SX, —OSO2X, —AsX2, —As(O)X2, —PX2, wherein X is a monoanionic group such as halide, hydride, amide, alkoxide, alkyl thiolate or a substituted derivative thereof, any of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a halide; or hydrogen; b) the organoaluminum compound comprises a compound with the formula: Al(X5)n(X6)3-n, wherein (X5) is a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; (X6) is an alkoxide or an aryloxide having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, halide, or hydride; and n is a number from 1 to 3, inclusive; c) the olefin comprises at least one carbon-carbon double bond and from 2 to about 30 carbon atoms; and d) the activator-support comprises: a solid oxide treated with an electron-withdrawing anion; a layered mineral, an ion-exchangeable activator-support, or any combination thereof.","label":"Catalyst","id":328} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articleA storage layer obtainable by a process including (a) forming a sprayable blend containing one or more superabsorbent forming monomers; superabsorbent polymer particles; water; and one or more initiators; (b) applying the sprayable blend to a fibrous web; and (c) subjecting the sprayed fibrous web to conditions under which the superabsorbent forming monomer polymerizes. The storage layer is used in absorbent articles to store aqueous fluids.1 . A method of preparing a storage layer for aqueous fluids comprising (a) forming a sprayable blend comprising one or more superabsorbent forming monomers, superabsorbent polymer particles, water, and one or more initiators; (b) applying said sprayable blend to a fibrous web; and (c) subjecting said sprayed fibrous web to conditions under which the superabsorbent forming monomers polymerize to form a storage layer for aqueous fluids.","label":"Household","id":329} +{"sentence":"Methods for making catalyst compositions and polymer products produced therefromMethods for making olefin polymerization catalysts and methods for making polymers using the catalysts are provided. The method for making the catalyst can include combining one or more supports with one or more magnesium-containing compounds under reaction conditions to form a first reacted product. One or more chlorinating compounds selected from the group consisting of aluminum alkyl chlorides and chloro substituted silanes can be combined with the first reacted product under reaction conditions to form a second reacted product. One or more titanium-containing compounds selected from the group consisting of titanium alkoxides and titanium halides can be combined with the second reacted product under reaction conditions to form a catalyst.1. A method for making an olefin polymerization catalyst, comprising: combining one or more supports with one or more magnesium-containing compounds under reaction conditions to form a first reacted product, wherein the one or more supports consist of alumina, alumina-silica, silica, brominated silica, chlorinated silica, sulfated silica, boria, zinc oxide, magnesia, fluorinated silica, fluorinated silica-alumina, fluorinated-chlorinated silica, and wherein a metal ion selected from copper, gallium, silver, tin or zinc can be added to the one or more supports or in lieu of at least one halide ion sources or sulfate ion sources in the one or more supports; combining one or more chlorinating compounds selected from the group consisting of one or more chloro substituted silanes comprising dimethyldichlorosilane, chlorotrimethylsilane, methyltrichlorosilane, diethyldichlorosilane, t-butyldimethylsilyl chloride, n-butyltrichlorosilane, or any combination thereof with the first reacted product under reaction conditions to form a second reacted product; and combining one or more titanium-containing compounds selected from the group consisting of one or more titanium alkoxides, one or more titanium halides, and a combination thereof with the second reacted product under reaction conditions to form a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is essentially free of donor compounds.","label":"HouseConst","id":330} +{"sentence":"Separation of R-1233 from hydrogen fluorideThe invention relates to a process for separating monochloro-trifluoropropenes such as HCFC-1233 from azeotrope or azeotrope like combinations with HF. The process employs a cold, liquid phase separations and multiple azeotropic distillation trains.1. A method for producing monochloro-trifluoropropene from an azeotrope or azeotrope like combination of monochloro-trifluoropropene and HF which comprises (a) distilling a reaction mixture comprising hydrogen fluoride, monochloro-trifluoropropene, and hydrogen chloride to remove hydrogen chloride as overhead and a bottoms stream, (b) cooling the bottoms stream to form two liquid phases, (c) separating said two liquid phases in a liquid phase separator into a first light phase comprising hydrogen fluoride in excess over an azeotrope or azeotrope like combination of monochloro-trifluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride and a second heavy phase comprising an excess of monochloro-trifluoropropene over an azeotrope or azeotrope like combination of monochloro-trifluoropropene, (d) distilling said first light phase in a distillation column to produce a top stream of an azeotrope of monochloro-trifluoropropene and hydrogen fluoride and a bottoms stream of hydrogen fluoride, (e) contacting said second heavy phase with an absorbent to remove HF followed by distilling said second heavy phase in a distillation train to provide a monochloro-trifluoropropene stream.","label":"Process","id":331} +{"sentence":"Catalyst with fine-particle dispersion of the active componentCatalysts prepared by combining M--Al2O4where M is an element of Group Ib, VIIb or VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements with tin, lead, an element of group IIa or IIb of the Periodic Table of the Elements as oxide or salt or in elemental form and calcining at 300-1300° C. under 0.1-200 bar and the process for preparing them.1. A catalyst in which the active component is dispersed as fine particles, said catalyst being prepared by the steps which comprise: admixing a solid oxide consisting at least partly of a spinel M--Al2O4in an Al2O3matrix, wherein M is the active component selected from the group consisting of the elements of Groups Ib, VIIb and VII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, with an additional spinel-forming metal component selected from the group consisting of zinc and magnesium, or mixtures thereof, in elemental form or as an oxide or salt, and subsequently calcining the resulting mixture at temperatures of 300-1300° C. and under pressures of 0.1-200 bar, whereby said active component M is liberated predominately as its oxide from the spinel by replacement with said additional spinel-forming metal component.","label":"Process","id":332} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PREPARING SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERThe present invention relates to a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer. The method for preparing a superabsorbent according to the present invention includes the steps of: polymerizing a monomer composition into a superabsorbent polymer in a polymerization reactor; grinding the obtained superabsorbent polymer; and hydrolyzing the fine particles generated during the process and reusing the same for the monomer composition.1 . A method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer, comprising: polymerizing a monomer composition into a superabsorbent polymer in a polymerization reactor; pulverizing the superabsorbent polymer; and hydrolyzing fine particles generated during a process and reusing the hydrolyzed fine particles for the monomer composition.","label":"Household","id":333} +{"sentence":"Thermocline arraysThermocline arrays comprising a plurality of pressure vessels that are in used in place of heat exchangers in a closed thermodynamic cycle system, such as a closed Brayton cycle power generation or energy storage system. Each pressure vessel is configurable to be connected to the working fluid stream or isolated from the working fluid stream.1. A thermocline system comprising: an inlet fluid path, wherein the inlet fluid path receives a working fluid at a working pressure from a closed cycle system, wherein the working pressure is not atmospheric pressure; an outlet fluid path, wherein the outlet fluid path returns the working fluid to the closed cycle system such that the working fluid is circulated through, in sequence, a turbine, a cold side heat exchanger, a compressor, and the thermocline system and in the same direction in both a charge mode and a discharge mode; a plurality of pressure vessels, each pressure vessel of the plurality comprising: an interior volume, an inlet valve configured to connect or isolate the interior volume to or from the inlet fluid path, an outlet valve configured to connect or isolate the interior volume to or from the outlet fluid path, and a thermal insulation configured to thermally insulate the pressure vessel from the atmosphere and from each other pressure vessel in the plurality of pressure vessels; and a solid thermal storage medium within the interior volume of each insulated pressure vessel of the plurality of pressure vessels, wherein at least one pressure vessel interior volume is connected to the inlet fluid path and the outlet fluid path, wherein at least one pressure vessel interior volume is isolated from the inlet fluid path and the outlet fluid path, wherein each pressure vessel interior volume connected to the inlet fluid path and the outlet fluid path is at the working pressure, and wherein each pressure vessel interior volume isolated from the inlet fluid path and the outlet fluid path is at a storage pressure that is not the working pressure.","label":"Process","id":334} +{"sentence":"Halogen substituted heteroatom-containing metallocene compounds for olefin polymerizationHalogen substituted metallocene compounds are described and comprise one or more monocyclic or polycyclic ligands that are pi-bonded to the metal atom and include at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to an sp2carbon atom at a bondable ring position of the ligand, wherein the or at least one ligand has one or more ring heteroatoms in its cyclic structure. When combined with a suitable activator, these compounds show activity in the polymerization of olefins, such as ethylene and propylene.1. A metallocene compound represented by the formula (2): wherein M is a Group 3, 4, 5 or 6 transition metal atom, or a lanthanide metal atom, or actinide metal atom; each A is, independently, a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic ligand pi-bonded to M, wherein at least one A includes at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to any sp2carbon atom at a bondable ring position of the ligand, and wherein each A further includes one or more ring heteroatoms, wherein each heteroatom is selected from boron, a Group 14 atom that is not carbon, a Group 15 atom, or a Group 16 atom; Y is an optional bridging group that is bonded to each A, and is present when y is one and absent when y is zero; y is zero or one; and each X is a univalent anionic ligand, or two X are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two X are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand; provided that each A is not a substituted or unsubstituted indeno[1,2-b]indolyl ligand.","label":"Catalyst","id":335} +{"sentence":"High-mooney NDBR having mooney jumpThe invention relates to methods for achieving a step increase in the Mooney viscosity in production of high-molecular-weight polybutadiene having >95% by weight content of cis-1,4 units and <1% by weight 1,2-vinyl content, characterized in that 1) at least one monomer selected from butadiene and\/or isoprene is polymerized at temperatures of from −20° C. to 150° C. in the presence of at least one inert, organic solvent and in the presence of at least one catalyst based on neodymium carboxylate, 2) the polymerization is then terminated by addition of protic compounds and 3) then sulphur chlorides are added to the polymer, and prior to addition these sulphur chlorides are treated with a carboxylic acid, fatty acid and\/or fatty acid ester.1. A method for achieving a step increase in Mooney viscosity in production of high-molecular-weight diene polymers having >95% by weight content of cis-1,4 units and <1% by weight 1,2-vinyl content, the method comprising: 1) polymerizing at least one diene monomer selected from the group consisting of butadiene, and isoprene at temperatures of −20° C. to 150° C. in the presence of at least one inert, organic solvent and in the presence of at least one catalyst based on neodymium, 2) terminating the polymerization by addition of protic compounds, and 3) adding sulphur chlorides to the polymer, wherein, prior to adding, the sulphur chlorides are pre-treated with a carboxylic acid, fatty acid and\/or fatty acid ester.","label":"Automobile","id":336} +{"sentence":"Cellulosic fibers with odor control characteristicsAn odor-inhibiting fiber having a cellulosic fiber and an odor-inhibiting formulation. The odor-inhibiting formulation may contain an odor-inhibiting agent, such as a biocide, an enzyme, a urease inhibitor. The odor-inhibiting formulation also may contain a liquid carrier such as a hydrophobic or hydrophilic organic liquid, or a mixture of a hydrophobic and hydrophilic organic liquid. The cellulosic fiber is impregnated with the odor-inhibiting formulation to produce fiber having odor-inhibiting characteristics. The resultant odor-inhibiting fiber is useful in making absorbent articles with odor-inhibiting characteristics. The fiber of the embodiments prevents odor by inhibiting bacteria growth and ammonia production, especially when used in an absorbent article such as a diaper or adult incontinence device.1. An odor-inhibiting absorbent fiber composition comprising: a pulp sheet of cellulosic fibers impregnated with a non-fiber-swelling odor-inhibiting formulation comprising a non-water liquid carrier that is liquid at room temperature and has less than 20 weight % water, and an odor-inhibiting agent that is a biocide; wherein the odor-inhibiting fiber composition comprises from about 0.005 weight % to about 0.5 weight % biocide, and from about 0.025 weight % to about 1.0 weight % non-water liquid carrier, based on the dry weight of the odor-inhibiting fiber composition.","label":"Household","id":337} +{"sentence":"Methods for the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene to produce butadieneMethods for producing butadiene by the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene are provided. Methods for producing butadiene from a feed stream including oxygen and butene in a molar ratio of oxygen to butene (O2\/C4H8) from about 0.9 to about 1.5 can include introducing the feed stream to a catalyst in the presence of steam. The molar ratio of steam to butene (H2O\/C4H8) can be from about 10 to about 20. Methods can further include reacting the butene to generate a product stream therefrom comprising butadiene and water. Methods can further include separating water from the product stream to generate a butadiene stream including greater than about 85 wt-% butadiene.1. A method for producing butadiene from a feed stream including oxygen and butene, wherein the molar ratio of oxygen to butene (O2\/C4F18) is 1.5, the method comprising the steps of: (a) introducing the feed stream to a catalyst in the presence of steam, wherein the molar ratio of steam to butene (H2O\/C4F18) is 20; (b) oxidatively dehydrogenating the butene to generate a product stream therefrom comprising butadiene and water; and (c) separating at least a portion of the water from the product stream to generate a butadiene stream comprising 85 wt-% butadiene, wherein the reacting is performed under isothermal conditions.","label":"Process","id":338} +{"sentence":"Pseudo-random copolymers formed by use of constrained geometry addition polymerization catalystsMetal complexes having constrained geometry and a process for preparation thereof, addition polymerization catalysts formed therefrom, processes for preparation of such addition polymerization catalysts, methods of use, and novel polymers formed thereby, including ElPE resins and pseudo-random copolymers, are disclosed and claimed.1. A pseudo-random copolymer comprising an olefin and a hindered vinylidene monomer corresponding to the formula: CG2=CG'sR's", wherein, R's" is R" or an aryl substituent of up to 20 carbons, R" is t-butyl, norbornyl, or an alicyclic substituent of up to 20 carbons, G independently each occurrence is hydrogen or methyl, and G's independently each occurrence is hydrogen or methyl or alternatively G's and R's" together form a ring system said copolymer having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) greater than 13,000 and a hindered vinylidene monomer content of at least 1.0 mole percent.","label":"Catalyst","id":339} +{"sentence":"Absorbent article containing a water-absorbent resin powderTo provide an absorbent article that has a high absorption speed, is unlikely to cause a liquid to remain on a skin-contacting surface, has excellent dry feeling, and is unlikely to cause excreted body fluid to return. The present invention provides an absorbent article comprising an absorber composed of at least one absorbent layer, wherein a water-absorbent resin powder meeting the following requirements (a) to (d) is disposed in an uppermost layer of the absorber: (a) a bulk density: 0.45 g\/ml to 0.62 g\/ml; (b) an absorption speed by a vortex method: 20 seconds to 50 seconds; (c) a liquid-passing speed under load: 10 seconds or less; and (d) a moisture absorption blocking ratio: 5% or less.1. A disposable diaper comprising an absorber composed of at least one absorbent layer, wherein a water-absorbent resin powder meeting the following requirements (a) to (e) is disposed in an uppermost layer of the absorber: (a) a bulk density: 0.45 g\/ml to 0.62 g\/ml; (b) an absorption speed by a vortex method: 20 seconds to 50 seconds; (c) a liquid-passing speed under load: 10 seconds or less; and (d) a moisture absorption blocking ratio: 5% or less, (e) a water-retaining capacity measured according to JIS K 7223(1996): 20 g\/g to 30 g\/g, wherein the water-absorbent resin powder is obtained by treating, with a surface modifier (B), a crosslinked polymer (A) obtained by polymerizing a monomer composition containing: a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer (a1) and\/or a hydrolyzable monomer (a2) producing the water-soluble ethylenically monomer (a1) by hydrolysis; and an internal crosslinking agent (b), and wherein the surface modifier (B) includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of a polydimethylsiloxane, a polyether-modified polysiloxane, a carboxy-modified polysiloxane, an epoxy-modified polysiloxane, an amino-modified polysiloxane and an alkoxy-modified polysiloxane, and wherein the surface modifier (B) includes at least one member selected from the group consisting of the carboxy-modified polysiloxane, the epoxy-modified polysiloxane, and the amino-modified polysiloxane, and wherein the modifying group in each of these modified silicones has a content of from 200 g\/mol to 11,000 g\/mol, as a carboxy equivalent, an epoxy equivalent, or an amino equivalent.","label":"Household","id":340} +{"sentence":"Tire with a component made of a rubber composition comprised of a rubber having pendant hydroxyl groups and a rubber containing a nitrile moietyA tire with a rubber containing component compound of, based on 100 parts by weight (phr) of rubber, (A) from 10 to 90 phr of a terpolymer rubber having pendant hydroxyl groups; and (B) from 10 to 90 phr of a rubber containing a nitrile moiety.1. A rubber composition comprising, based on 100 parts by weight (phr) of rubber, (A) from 10 to 90 phr of a terpolymer rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 30 to 89 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) 10 to 50 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one co-monomer selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas I, II, and III: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein R 1 represents a saturated alcohol group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; (B) from 10 to 90 phr of a rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 30 to 99 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) zero to 50 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of an olefinic unsaturated nitrile selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, ethacrylonitrile, crotononitrile and mixtures thereof.","label":"IndustConst","id":341} +{"sentence":"Catalysts for production of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid and a process for producing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid using the catalystsImproved catalysts for use in vapor phase oxidation of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene, t-butanol and methyl-t-butyl ether with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas to produce the corresponding unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid are provided. The improved catalysts are compositions comprising (A) a complex oxide containing as essential components molybdenum, bismuth and iron, which is known per se as a catalyst for said reaction and (B) a complex oxide containing cerium and zirconium as the essential components. When the improved catalysts are used, the production operation of unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid can be continued stably for over prolonged period.1. A catalyst useful for catalyzing the oxidation and\/or oxidative dehydrogenation of propylene, isobutylene, t-butanol, or methyl-t-butyl ether with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas to produce the corresponding unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid, said catalyst composition comprising (A) a complex oxide comprising molybdenum, bismuth and iron, as essential elements and, which is effective for catalyzing a vapor phase catalytic oxidation and\/or vapor phase oxidative dehydrogenation reaction of propylene, isobutylene, t-butanol or methyl-t-butyl ether, to produce the corresponding unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid, and (B) a complex oxide containing cerium and zirconium as essential components.","label":"Catalyst","id":342} +{"sentence":"Apparatus for centrifugal separation of a mixture containing at least one gaseous phaseImproved apparatus of the type comprising inside a fixed enclosure, a rotary assembly constituted by a treatment rotor with apertured discs angularly offset one with respect to the other, upstream by a rotary distributor and downstream by a fan with optional interposition of a rotary rectifier. According to the invention, the apparatus comprises between the discs and the fixed part of the enclosure, means to partly at least annihilate the downstream leaks through the annular opening necessarily provided between the discs and the fixed part to allow the rotation of the rotary assembly. More particularly, said fixed part is constituted by a stack of truncated deflector plates which extend the discs, and on the edges of which are formed small blades constituting the leaks annihilating means.1. Improved apparatus for the centrifugal separation of a mixture containing at least one gaseous phase, of the type comprising inside a fixed enclosure, a rotary assembly constituted by a treatment rotor with apertured discs angularly offset one with respect to the other, upstream by a rotary distributor and downstream by a fan with optional interposition of a rotary rectifier, the mixture to be treated flowing in laminar style through the apertures of the discs in helical running streams separated by helical still layers, in which the non-gaseous phase to be separated moves on between the discs as far as the fixed part of the enclosure where it is picked up and moved upstream, wherein the means to annihilate at least partly the downstream leaks through the annular opening necessarily provided between the discs and the fixed part to allow the rotation of the rotary assembly are constituted by small axial blades formed on the periphery of any one at least of the elements constituted by the discs and by the fixed part of the enclosure to generate an axial screen of fluid flowing backwards towards the upstream part through said annular opening, the screen then making it so that the mixture is entirely treated and that the separated heavy phase moves upstream along the wall of the enclosure.","label":"HouseConst","id":343} +{"sentence":"Multi-polymer hydrogelsThe invention provides a multi-polymer hydrogel article having a first polymeric, water-swellable material and a second polymeric material, organized such that a first region substantially comprises the first polymeric, water-swellable material, a second region adjacent the first region comprises a mixture of the first polymeric, water-swellable material and the second polymeric material, and a third region adjacent the second region substantially comprises the second polymeric material. The article exhibits an increasing concentration gradient of the second polymeric material moving from the first region, through the second region, to the third region. The invention also provides methods for forming a multi-polymer hydrogel article by (a) forming a hydrogel structure using a first polymeric, water-swellable material, (b) creating an aerogel structure having a plurality of open pores by dehydrating the hydrogel structure, (c) contacting the aerogel structure with a second polymeric material to incorporate the second polymeric material into at least a portion of the plurality of open pores to form the multi-polymer hydrogel article, and (d) rehydrating the multi-polymer hydrogel article.1. A multi-polymer hydrogel article comprising a first polymeric, water-swellable material and a second polymeric material, wherein a first region of the article substantially comprises the first polymeric, water-swellable material, a second region adjacent the first region comprises a mixture of the first polymeric, water-swellable material and the second polymeric material, and a third region adjacent the second region substantially comprises the second polymeric material, and wherein the second polymeric material exhibits an increasing concentration gradient moving from the first region, through the second region, to the third region.","label":"IndustConst","id":344} +{"sentence":"Process for production of polymers having functional groups, and star polymers obtained therebyIt is to provide a method for producing a polymer by a living anionic polymerization, wherein the number of functional groups and the introduction position are accurately specified in the polymer. For this purpose, a cinnamyl alcohol represented by the following formula [I] or a derivative thereof is subjected to a reaction when conducting a living anionic polymerization. In formula [I], R1 represents an alkyl group or alkoxy group; m represents an integer of 0 to 5 and when m is 2 or more, R1s may be the same or different; R5 represents a hydrogen atom, alkali metal atom, trialkylsilyl group or a substituent represented by the following formula [II]. In formula [II], R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and R4 represents an alkyl group which may be substituted by an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group which may be substituted by an alkoxy group, a phenyl group which may be substituted by an alkyl group, or a phenyl group which may be substituted by an alkoxy group).1. A method for producing a polymer comprising: (i) a step of subjecting an anionic polymerizable monomer to a living anionic polymerization in the presence of an anionic polymerization initiator; and (ii) a step of adding a cinnamyl alcohol or a derivative thereof represented by the following formula [I] to a reaction system for attaching the cinnamyl alcohol or a derivative thereof at a growth end wherein R1 represents an alkyl group or alkoxy group; m represents an integer of 0 to 5 and when m is 2 or more, R1s may be the same or different; R5 represents a hydrogen atom, alkali metal atom, trialkylsilyl group or a substituent represented by the following formula [II] wherein R3 represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C6 alkyl group; and R4 represents an alkyl group which may be substituted by an alkoxy group, a cycloalkyl group which may be substituted by an alkoxy group, a phenyl group which may be substituted by an alkyl group, or a phenyl group which may be substituted by an alkoxy group.","label":"Automobile","id":345} +{"sentence":"APPARATUS FOR DEPOSITING THIN FILMAn apparatus for depositing a thin film basically consists of a base, two lateral boards and two sealing members to form a closed chamber therein. Each lateral board is provided with a substrate on an inner side thereof. Each substrate has a side in contact with a chemical solution in the chamber to deposit a thin film on the side of the substrate through a chemical reaction.1 . An apparatus for depositing a thin film on a substrate, comprising: a base including a frame, wherein the frame has an opening which is open at a left side and a right side of the frame and a bore communicated with the opening; two lateral boards fixed to the right side and the left side of the frame to close opposite ends of the opening whereby a chamber is formed in the frame, wherein a substrate is provided on an inner side of the lateral board so that a side of the substrate is in the chamber; and two sealing members respectively between the frame and the lateral boards and surrounding the opening.","label":"IndustConst","id":346} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles in a polymerization reactor with at least two axially parallel rotating shaftsA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution in a polymerization reactor with at least two axially parallel rotating shafts, wherein the polymerization is performed in the presence of an inert gas and under positive pressure.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing a monomer solution or suspension comprising a) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, d) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the monomer mentioned under a), and e) optionally one or more water-soluble polymer, in a polymerization reactor with at least two axially parallel rotating shafts, which comprises performing the polymerization in the presence of an inert gas and under a positive pressure from 15 to 500 mbar higher than ambient pressure.","label":"Household","id":347} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbent agent and production method thereof, and water absorbent articleA particulate water absorbing agent of the present invention includes a water absorbent resin, having a cross-linking structure, whose surface has been cross-linked by adding a surface treatment agent, wherein: (i) a mass average particle diameter (D 50 ) ranges from 200 to 600 μm and 95 to 100 wt % of a particulate water absorbing agent whose particle diameter ranges from less than 850 μm to not less than 150 μm is contained with respect to 100 wt % of whole the particulate water absorbing agent, and (ii) a logarithmic standard deviation (σζ) of particle size distribution ranges from 0.25 to 0.45, and (iii) a compressibility rate defined by a following equation ranges from 0 to 18%, and (iv) a surface tension of a supernatant liquid obtained in 4 minutes after dispersing 0.5 g of the particulate water absorbing agent in 50 ml of physiological saline whose temperature is 20° C. is 55 mN\/m or more, the compressibility rate (%)=(P−A)\/P×100 where P represents a tapped bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent and A represents a loose bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent.1. A particulate water absorbing agent comprising a water absorbent resin, having a cross-linking structure, whose surface has been cross-linked by adding a surface treatment agent, wherein: (i) a mass average particle diameter (D50) ranges from 200 to 600 μm and 95 to 100 wt % of a particulate water absorbing agent whose particle diameter ranges from less than 850 μm to not less than 150 μm is contained with respect to 100 wt % of whole the particulate water absorbing agent, and (ii) a logarithmic standard deviation (σζ) of particle size distribution ranges from 0.25 to 0.45, and (iii) a compressibility rate defined by a following equation ranges from 0 to 18%, and (iv) a surface tension of a supernatant liquid obtained in 4 minutes after dispersing 0.5 g of the particulate water absorbing agent in 50 ml of physiological saline whose temperature is 20° C. is 55 mN\/m or more, the compressibility rate (%)=(P−A)\/P×100 where P represents a tapped bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent and A represents a loose bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent.","label":"Household","id":348} +{"sentence":"Process for the catalytic preparation of aldehydes from olefins using ligand mixturesA process for preparing aldehydes having from 4 to 25 carbon atoms by catalytic hydroformylation of the corresponding olefins, wherein the catalyst used comprises a metal of transition group 8 of the Periodic Table in the presence of a ligand A of the formula I where X=As, Sb or P and R1,R2,R3: are each a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, where two of the radicals R1,R2,R3can be covalently linked with the proviso that at least one of the hydrocarbon radicals R1,R2,R3contains a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, F, Cl, Be, I, Se and Te, and a ligand B of the formula II where R4,R5,R6: are each a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, where two of the radicals R4, R5 and R6 can be covalently linked.1. A process for preparing aldehydes having from 4 to 25 carbon atoms by catalytic hydroformylation of the corresponding olefins, comprising: hydroformylating an olefin having from 3 to 24 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst comprises a metal of transition group 8 of the Periodic Table in the presence of a ligand A represented by formula I: wherein X is As, Sb or P; and R1,R2,R3are each a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon radical having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, where two of the radicals R1,R2,R3can be covalently linked with the proviso that at least one of the hydrocarbon radicals R1,R2,R3contains a heteroatom selected from the group consisting of O, S, N, F, Cl, Br, I, Se and Te, and a ligand B represented by formula II: wherein R4,R5,R6are each a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon having from 1 to 50 carbon atoms, where two of the radicals R4,R5and R6can be covalently linked.","label":"Catalyst","id":349} +{"sentence":"Method for producing polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resinThe purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a water absorbent resin having improved physical properties, particularly, improved saline flow conductivity (SFC) and less amount of fine powder. The present invention provides a method for producing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin, the method comprising: a polymerization step of supplying as a base material an aqueous solution containing an acrylic acid and\/or an acrylic acid salt as a monomer component and polymerizing the monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator, wherein in the polymerization step, there is used a polymerization apparatus which comprises a polymerization part covered with a case, said polymerization part comprising at least a supply line for supplying the aqueous solution, an external gas supply port, and a gas discharge port, and has a structure that a liquid contact part in contact with the aqueous solution and a gas supplied from the outside of the polymerization apparatus are brought into contact with the aqueous solution during a polymerization, and assuming that a controlled temperature of the liquid contact part is set as TS, a temperature of the gas part is set as TG, and TT is (TS+TG)\/2, the polymerization is carried out under temperature conditions satisfying the following Equations 1 to 3: 35° C.≦TS≦85° C.,  Equation 1: 40° C.≦TG≦90° C.,  Equation 2: 47° C.≦TT≦73° C.  Equation 3:1. A method for producing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin, the method comprising a polymerization step of supplying as a base material an aqueous solution containing an acrylic acid and\/or an acrylic acid salt as a monomer component and polymerizing the monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator, wherein in the polymerization step, there is used a polymerization apparatus which comprises a polymerization part covered with a case, said polymerization part comprising at least a supply line for supplying the aqueous solution, an external gas supply port, and a gas discharge port, and has a structure that a liquid contact part in contact with the aqueous solution and a gas supplied from the outside of the polymerization apparatus are brought into contact with the aqueous solution during a polymerization, and wherein a controlled temperature of the liquid contact part is set as TS, a temperature of the gas is set as TG, and TT is (TS+TG)\/2, the polymerization is carried out under temperature conditions satisfying the following Equations 1 to 3 35° C.≦TS≦85° C.  Equation 1 40° C.≦TG≦90° C.  Equation 2 47° C.≦TT≦73° C.  Equation 3","label":"Household","id":350} +{"sentence":"Method of and system for providing services in a communications networkA system for providing services in a communications network includes a service processing function, a universal directory function, and a nodal resource manager. The service processing function receives service requests, formulates requests for interworking functions based upon service requests, and formulates resource requests based upon service requests and interworking functions. The universal directory function receives addresses from the service processing function and returns interworking functions based upon addresses. The nodal resource manager receives resource requests and allocates resources to the service processing function in response to resource requests. The nodal resource manager maintains a resource database that includes an entry corresponding to each network resource managed by the nodal resource manager.1. A method of providing services in a communications network, comprising: receiving a request for a service; determining a criterion for resource necessary to provide the requested service; determining an evaluation function by which to rank the resource; searching a resource data structure for a set of candidate resources meeting said criteria, wherein each resource of said resource data structure comprises a resource identifier, a set of static attributes, and a set of dynamic attributes; using the evaluation function, determining the best candidate resource; and allocating said best candidate resource to meet said request for service.","label":"Catalyst","id":351} +{"sentence":"Dual metallocene catalyst for producing film resins with good machine direction (MD) elmendorf tear strengthThis invention relates to catalyst compositions comprising a first metallocene compound, a second metallocene compound, at least one chemically-treated solid oxide, and at least one organoaluminum compound. This invention also relates to methods to prepare and use the catalyst compositions and new polyolefins. The compositions and methods disclosed herein provide ethylene polymers and copolymers with lower MI, increased melt strength, and good MD tear properties.1. A catalyst composition comprising the contact product of at least one first metallocene compound, at least one a second metallocene compound, at least one chemically-treated solid oxide, and at least one organoaluminum compound, wherein: a) the at least one first metallocene compound has the following formula: (X1)(X2)(X3)(X4)Zr; wherein (X1) and (X2) are independently selected from a monosubstituted cyclopentadienyl, a monosubstituted indenyl, a monosubstituted fluorenyl, or a monosubstituted, partially saturated analog thereof: wherein each substituent on (X1) and (X2) is independently selected from a linear or branched aliphatic group, wherein the aliphatic group is unsubstituted or substituted, any one of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; wherein (X3), (X4), and any substituent on the substituted aliphatic group on (X1) and (X2) are independently selected from an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, an oxygen group, a sulfur group, a nitrogen group, a phosphorus group, an arsenic group, a carbon group, a silicon group, a germanium group, a tin group, a lead group, a boron group, an aluminum group, —SO2X, —OAlX2, —OSiX3, —OPX2, —SX, —OSO2X, —AsX2, —As(O)X2, or —PX2, wherein X is selected independently from halide, H, NH2, OR, or SR, wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, or a substituted derivative thereof, any one of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a halide; or hydrogen; b) wherein the at least one second metallocene compound has the following formula: (X5)(X6)(X7)(X8)M; wherein 1) M is Zr; (X5) and (X6) are independently selected from a substituted cyclopentadienyl, a substituted indenyl, a substituted fluorenyl, or a substituted, partially saturated analog thereof, wherein at least one of (X5) and (X6) is at least disubstituted; and each substituent on (X5) and (X6) is independently selected from a linear or branched aliphatic group, wherein the aliphatic group is unsubstituted or substituted, any one of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; 2) M is Zr; (X5) and (X6) are independently selected from a cyclopentadienyl, an indenyl, a fluorenyl, a partially saturated analog thereof, or a substituted analog thereof; and (X5) and (X6) are connected by a substituted or unsubstituted bridging group comprising from 3 to 5 contiguous ansa carbon atoms in a chain, one end of which is bonded to (X5) and the other end of which is bonded to (X6); or 3) M is Hf; (X5) and (X6) are independently selected from a monosubstituted cyclopentadienyl, a monosubstituted indenyl, a monosubstituted fluorenyl, or a monosubstituted, partially saturated analog thereof; and each substituent on (X5) and (X6) is independently selected from a linear or branched aliphatic group, wherein the aliphatic group is unsubstituted or substituted, any one of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; and wherein (X7), (X8), any substituent on (X5), any substituent on (X6), any substituent on the substituted aliphatic group on (X5) and (X6), and any substituent on the substituted bridging group connecting (X5) and (X6) are independently selected from an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, an oxygen group, a sulfur group, a nitrogen group, a phosphorus group, an arsenic group, a carbon group, a silicon group, a germanium group, a tin group, a lead group, a boron group, an aluminum group, —SO2X, —OAlX2, —OSiX3, —OPX2, —SX, —OSO2X, —AsX2, —As(O)X2, or —PX2, wherein X is selected independently from halide, H, NH2, OR, or SR, wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, or a substituted derivative thereof, any one of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a halide; or hydrogen; c) the at least one chemically-treated solid oxide comprises a solid oxide treated with an electron-withdrawing anion; and d) the at least one organoaluminum compound has the following formula: Al(x9)n(X10)3-n; wherein (X9) is a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; (X10) is selected from alkoxide or aryloxide having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, halide, or hydride; and n is a number from 1 to 3, inclusive.","label":"Catalyst","id":352} +{"sentence":"Procedure to obtain biodiesel fuel with improved properties at low temperatureProcedure to generate biodiesel fuels with improved properties at low temperature by the transesterification of triglycerides with alcohols such as methanol or ethanol, optionally in the presence of methyl or ethyl acetates of fatty acids and an inert solvent, to produce methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids, glycerine and, where appropriate, glycerine triacetate, followed by the separation of crude glycerine that is reacted with aldehydes, ketones and\/or acetic acid or methyl or ethyl acetates to produce acetals, glycerine cetals and\/or glycerine acetates. The acetals, glycerine cetals and\/or glycerine acetates are mixed with methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids in concentrations of approximately 0.5-20% by weight to obtain a biodiesel with improved properties at low temperatures.1. In a process to produce a biodiesel fuel comprising the step of transesterifying a triglyceride comprising a vegetable oil or animal fat with methanol or ethanol in the presence of an acid or base catalyst to produce a mixture of methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids and crude glycerine; the improvement wherein the transesterifying is carried out in the presence of methyl or ethyl acetate, wherein the transesterifying step is a first step (a), and the process further comprises the steps of (b) isolating the crude glycerine from the mixture; (c) reacting some or all of the crude glycerine isolated in step (b) with an aldehyde, ketone, acetic acid, methyl acetate or ethyl acetate to obtain an acetal, ketal, glycerine acetate or a mixture thereof as reaction product; and (d) mixing the reaction product of step (c) with the methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids obtained in step (a) to produce the biodiesel fuel, wherein in step (d) the mixture formed by mixing the reaction product of step (c) with the methyl or ethyl esters of fatty acids contains between about 0.1 and 20% by weight of the acetal, ketal, glycerine acetate or mixture thereof.","label":"Process","id":353} +{"sentence":"Foamable compositions which comprise isononyl benzoate[none] Compositions for producing foamed products which comprise a chlorinated polymer such as PVC and at least one isomeric nonyl benzoate as a plasticizer, the use of these compositions, and products produced therefrom including PVC-containing floorcoverings, synthetic leather, and wallcoverings.1 . A foamable composition comprising at least one chlorinated polymer, at least one alkyl benzoate, and at least one primary plasticizer; wherein isononyl benzoate is present in an amount of from 5 to 95% by weight based on the total weight of the primary plasticizers and the alkyl benzoates, and wherein the total weight of the primary plasticizers and the alkyl benzoates is from 10 to 400 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the chlorinated polymers.","label":"HouseConst","id":354} +{"sentence":"Process for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene[00001] A process is described for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene in a fluid-bed reactor-regenerator system, which uses a catalyst based on iron oxide supported on a modified alumina and promoted with further metal oxides.1. A process for the dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene to styrene which comprises: (a) reacting the ethylbenzene mixed with an inert gas in a fluid-bed reactor, in the presence of a catalytic system consisting of iron oxide and promoters supported on alumina modified with 0.01-10% by weight of silica and operating at a temperature ranging from 400 to 700° C., at a total pressure of 10.13 to 303.9 Kpa (absolute) (0.1 to 3 ata) and with a GHSV space velocity ranging from 50 to 10,000 h−1(normal liters of a mixture of ethylbenzene and inert gas\/h×liter of catalyst); and (b) regenerating and heating the catalyst in a regenerator at a temperature exceeding 400° C. wherein, the promoter is at least one selected from the group consisting of alkali, alkaline-earth, and lanthanide metal.","label":"Catalyst","id":355} +{"sentence":"Aerogel\/PTFE composite insulating materialA material comprising aerogel particles and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder is formed having a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 mW\/m K at atmospheric conditions. The material is moldable or formable, having little or no shedding of filler particles, and may be formed into structures such as tapes or composites, for example, by bonding the material between two outer layers. Advantageously, composites may be flexed, stretched, or bent without significant dusting or loss of insulating properties.1. A method of forming a structure comprising: providing two surfaces, and providing an insulating material between the two surfaces, the insulating material consisting essentially of greater than or equal to about 40% wt aerogel particles and less than or equal to 60% wt polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder, at least a portion of which is fibrillated to form PTFE fibrils having a diameter of about 0.02 μm to about 0.1 μm, wherein the insulating material has a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 mW\/m K at atmospheric conditions (298.15 K and 101.3 kPa).","label":"IndustConst","id":356} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of metal carboxylates and their use for the polymerization of monomers suitable for Ziegler-Natta polymerizationMetal carboxylates which may be used for the polymerization of monomers suitable for Ziegler-Natta polymerization are prepared by reaction of the organic C2-20carboxylic acids on which the carboxylates are based with ammonia and\/or amines and\/or tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxides and the corresponding metal nitrates in the presence of inert organic solvents at temperatures of 0° to 150° C.1. A process for the production of metal carboxylates, which are based on C2-20carboxylic acids, wherein the C2-20carboxylic acids on which the carboxylates are based are reacted with a) metal nitrates, wherein the metal constituent of the metal nitrate is selected from the group consisting of the transition metals of the 3rd, 4th and 8th groups of the periodic system (excluding titanium), the lanthanides and the actinides, and corresponds to the metal constituent of the metal carboxylate, and b) at least one of ammonia, amines and tetraalkyl ammonium hydroxides in the presence of at least one inert organic solvent at temperatures of 0° to 150° C.","label":"Automobile","id":357} +{"sentence":"Process for producing methacroleinMethacrolein is produced in a high yield by catalytically oxidizing isobutylene at a temperature of from 250° to 500° C. by using a catalyst represented by the formula: [Equation] MoaCobFecBidCseXfYgOh wherein X is either both vanadium and palladium, Y is at least one member selected from titanium, nickel, tin and zirconium, a=12, b=2-12, c=0.5-7, d=0.1-5, e=0.0005-0.5, f=0.01-2, g=0-5 and h is a positive number proportional to the number of oxygen atoms satisfying the average valency of the metal atoms stated in the formula, which catalyst has a high resistance to compression and abrasion and exhibits a high catalytic efficiency, mechanical strength and durability.1. A process for producing methacrolein by the catalytic oxidation of isobutylene, comprising bringing a feed gas containing isobutylene and molecular oxygen into contact with a catalyst at a temperature of from 250° to 500° C., which process is characterized in that said catalyst is represented by the formula (1): [Equation] MoaCobFecBidCseXfYgOh( 1) wherein Mo represents a molybdenum atom, Co represents a cobalt atom, Fe represents an iron atom, Bi represents a bismuth atom, Cs represents a cesium atom, X represents at least one member selected from the group consisting of vanadium and palladium atoms, Y represents at least one member selected from the group consisting of titanium, nickel, tin and zirconium atoms, O represents an oxygen atom, the subscripts a through g respectively represent a positive number proportional to the number of respective metal atoms, wherein when a=12, b through g fall respectively within the following ranges: b=2 to 12, C=0.5 to 7, d=0.1 to 5, e=0.005 to 0.5, f=0.01 to 2 and g=0 to 5, and the subscript h represents a positive number proportional to the number of oxygen atoms satisfying the average valency of respective metal atoms.","label":"Catalyst","id":358} +{"sentence":"Modified SAN resin blend compositions and articles produced therefromModified SAN resin blend compositions that have good clarity and improved tensile properties compared to unmodified SAN resins are described. The compositions are blends of SAN resins and certain modifiers which are core-shell polymers with (A) a core composed principally of rubbery polymers, such as copolymers of diolefins with vinyl aromatic monomers, such as copolymers of butadiene with styrene, (B) an intermediate stage composed principally of hard polymers, such as polymers or copolymers of vinyl aromatic monomers, and (C) a shell composed principally of vinyl aromatic copolymers that contain hydroxyl functional groups or their equivalents (e.g. styrene\/hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate copolymers).1. A modified SAN resin composition comprising: (I) from 70 to 99 parts of at least one SAN resin having a refractive index of from 1.56 to 1.58; and (II) from 1 to 30 parts of at least one core-shell modifier comprising (A) from 15 to 85 parts of a core comprising (1) from 40 to 60 percent by weight of units derived from at least one vinyl aromatic monomer, (2) from 20 to 60 percent by weight of units derived from at least one 1,3-diene, (3) up to 10 percent by weight of units derived from at least one copolymerizable vinyl or vinylidene monomer, and (4) up to 5 percent by weight of units derived from at least one graft-linking or cross-linking monomer; (B) from 10 to 50 parts of an intermediate stage comprising at least 25 percent by weight of units derived from at least one vinyl aromatic monomer; and (C) from 5 to 35 parts of an outer shell comprising (1) from 2 to 40 percent by weight of units derived from at least one hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate, (2) from 60 to 98 percent by weight of units derived from at least one vinyl aromatic monomer, (3) up to 25 percent by weight in the shell of units derived from one or more copolymerizable vinyl or vinylidene monomer, and (4) up to 5 percent by weight of units derived from at least one graft-linking or cross-linking monomer; the at least one core-shell modifier having a refractive index in the range of from 1.56 to 1.58.","label":"Automobile","id":359} +{"sentence":"Method and apparatus for cooling hot fluidsThe cooling of a hot fluid is effected using a heat exchanger (11) adapted to receive the hot fluid and liquid coolant for cooling the hot fluid such that the liquid coolant is vaporized. A turbine (12), having an output shaft (19) connected to a fan (18), is responsive to vaporized coolant which expands in the turbine (12) for driving the fan (18) to move a mass of air, and produce vaporized coolant. A condenser (13) receives the expanded vaporized coolant and is responsive to air blown by the fan (18), for condensing the expanded vaporized coolant thereby cooling the same and producing coolant condensate which is then returned to the heat exchanger (11).1. Apparatus for cooling a hot fluid comprising: a) a heat exchanger adapted to receive said hot fluid and liquid coolant for cooling the hot fluid and vaporizing the liquid coolant; b) a turbine having an output shaft connected to a fan, and responsive to vaporized coolant for driving the fan to blow air, and producing vaporized coolant which exits the turbine; c) a condenser for receiving vaporized coolant that exits the turbine, and responsive to air blown by the fan for condensing the vaporized coolant received in the condenser into coolant condensate; and d) means for returning the coolant condensate to said heat exchanger; e) wherein the fan is provided with a rotation responsive air brake control for controlling the amount of air blown by the fan in response to its rotation.","label":"Process","id":360} +{"sentence":"Internally plasticized vinyl chloride copolymer compositionAn internally plasticized vinyl chloride copolymer composition having good low temperature flexibility and tensile properties is disclosed. It consists essentially of from about 45% to about 80%, by weight, vinyl chloride, from about 15% to about 54%, by weight, of a C2-C10alkyl acrylate, and from about 1% to about 15%, by weight, of one or more C8-C22dialkyl maleate and\/or fumarate. The copolymer is formed using conventional suspension, emulsion, bulk and solution polymerization procedures.1. An internally plasticized copolymer consisting of: (1) from about 45% to about 80%, by weight, of vinyl chloride; (2) from about 15% to about 54%, by weight, of a C2-C10alkyl acrylate; and (3) from about 1% to about 15%, by weight, of a C8-C22dialkyl maleate or fumarate, or mixtures thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":361} +{"sentence":"Plasticizer, plasticized resin composition and process for preparation thereofPlasticizers are prepared from a monomer mixture consisting essentially of (A) one or more olefins having 6 to 18 carbon atoms and (B) one or more C1to C6esters or diesters of monoethylenically unsaturated mono- or di-carboxylic acids. Blends of the plasticizers with different polymers, for example polyvinyl chloride, are also prepared.1. A blend of about 1 to 600 parts by weight of a plasticizer which is the free radical polymerization product of (A) one or more monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbons having 6 to 18 carbon atoms wherein said monoethylenically unsaturated hydrocarbon is an oligomer, and (B) one or more C1-C6esters of monoethylenically unsaturated monocarboxylic acids, or diesters of dibasic acids, the number average molecular weight being about 500 to 6000, the molar ratio of (A) to (B) being about 0.1\/1 to 1.5\/1, with about 100 parts of a different polymer.","label":"Automobile","id":362} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer and composition, and film, laminate and electrical insulating material comprising sameAn ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having: (A) a density d of 0.86 to 0.96 g\/cm3; (B) a melt flow rate MFR of 0.01 to 200 g\/10 min; (C) a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 1.5 to 4.5; (D) a composition distribution parameter Cb of 1.08 to 2.00; and (E) an orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X (wt %), at 25° C. a density of d (g\/cm3) and a melt flow rate MFR (g\/10 min) satisfying that: (i) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (I): [Equation] d-0.008×logMFR≥0.93 (I) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (II): [Equation] X<2.0 (II) (ii) when the density d and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (III): [Equation] d-0.008×logMFR<0.93 (III) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (IV): [Equation] X<9.8×103×(0.9300-d+0.008×logMFR)2+2.0(IV)1. An ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having: (A) a density d of 0.86 to 0.96 g\/cm3; (B) a melt flow rate MFR of 0.01 to 200 g\/10 min; (C) a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 1.5 to 4.5; (D) a composition distribution parameter Cb of 1.08 to 2.00; (E) an orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X (wt %) at 25° C., a density d (g\/cm3) and a melt flow rate MFR (g\/10 min) satisfying that: (i) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (I): [Equation] d-0.008×logMFR≥0.93 (I) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (II): [Equation] X<2.0 (II) (ii) when the density d and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (III): [Equation] d-0.008×logMFR<0.93 (III) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (IV): [Equation] X<9.8×103×(0.9300-d+0.008×logMFR)2+2.0(IV); and (F) a number of peaks on an elution temperature-eluted amount curve determined by continuous temperature rising elution fractionation method TREF is 2 or more.","label":"Construct","id":363} +{"sentence":"Process for making surface treated absorbent gelling material[none] This invention is directed to a process for making surface treated absorbent gelling material by treating partially swollen absorbent gelling polymers, which have a specific water content with a treatment agent, such as a coating agent, and subsequently removing at least part of the water. The treatment agent thus typically forms a shell on the polymers or part thereof, which can extend when the polymers swell in water; thus, the treatment shell or coating does not rupture when the polymers swell in a liquid, e.g., water or saline water, the coating being extensible in wet state. The treatment agent comprises preferably an elastomeric polymeric material. The invention also relates to surface-treated absorbent gelling material obtainable by the process of the invention, and to products, e.g., disposable absorbent articles, comprising such material.1 . A process for making surface-treated absorbent gelling material that comprises water-swellable polymers, said process comprising the steps of: a) obtaining absorbent gelling material that contains per gram of absorbent gelling material at least 4 gram of liquid, typically water; b) treating the surface of the absorbent gelling material of step a) with a treatment agent; c) removing at least a part of the water from said absorbent gelling material, to obtain surface-treated absorbent gelling material containing less than 50% by weight of moisture.","label":"Household","id":364} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymer with crosslinkerThe present invention further relates to a particulate superabsorbent polymer composition comprising a crosslinker composition that is the reaction product selected from (i) saturated amines and\/or saturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl compounds and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds, (ii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with saturated glycidyl compounds and\/or saturated polyglycidyl compounds, or (iii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl compounds and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds; and a surface crosslinking agent applied to the particle surface. The present invention further relates to an absorbent article that includes such particulate superabsorbent polymer compositions.1. A particulate superabsorbent polymer composition having increased permeability wherein the particulate superabsorbent polymer comprises a) a polymerizable monomer wherein the monomer is selected from unsaturated acid groups-containing monomers, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, salts, or derivatives thereof; b) an internal crosslinker composition that is the reaction product selected from (i) saturated amines and\/or saturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl compounds and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds, or (ii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with saturated glycidyl compounds and\/or saturated polyglycidyl compounds, or (iii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl compounds and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds; wherein components a) and b) are polymerized and granulated to form particulate superabsorbent polymer which has a particle surface, wherein at least 40 wt % of the particulate superabsorbent polymer has a particle size from 300 μm to 600 μm; and c) from 0.01 to 5 wt % based on the dry superabsorbent polymer composition powder weight of a surface crosslinking agent applied to the particle surface; wherein the particulate superabsorbent polymer composition has a Centrifuge Retention Capacity of from 20 g\/g to 40 g\/g as determined by the Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test set forth herein, and a gel bed permeability of at least 5 Darcy or more as determined by the Gel Bed Permeability Test set forth herein.","label":"Household","id":365} +{"sentence":"Pneumatic tires with tread comprising a blend of isoprene rubber, high-transpolybutadiene rubber and carbon blackThe wear resistance of the pneumatic tire used under a high severity region is improved by using a particular high-trans polybutadiene rubber in a rubber composition for a ground contact part of the tire tread.1. A pneumatic tire comprising a tire casing, a thread portion covering a crown portion between both shoulders thereof and a sidewall portion covering each side part of the casing, characterized in that a rubber component of a rubber composition constituting a ground contact part of said thread portion consists of 0-25 parts by weight of an isoprene series rubber containing not less than 70% by weight of isoprene units and 100-75 parts by weight of a high-trans polybutadiene rubber containing 75-90% by weight of 1,4-trans bond units and having a weight average molecular weight Mw of not less than 250,000 and a molecular weight distribution of 1.2≤Mw\/Mn≤1.9, and said rubber composition contains 40-80 parts by weight of carbon black having a specific surface area of nitrogen adsorption of 110-160 m2\/g and a compressed DBP oil absorption of 80-130 ml\/100 per parts by weight of said rubber component.","label":"Automobile","id":366} +{"sentence":"Transparent hydrogel and method of making the same from functionalized natural polymersThe present disclosure relates to a hydrogel derived from a methacrylated or acrylated natural polymer and a synthetic polymer, and a method of preparing the same. The disclosure further relates to 3D scaffolds and implants comprising said hydrogel.1. A hydrogel of a cross-linked polymer network comprising: at least one first polymer including a collagen mimetic peptide (CMP) having amine groups, the CMP including methacrylate or acrylate functional groups along its triple helical chain and connected to a template polymer having at least two arms; and at least one second polymer including a synthetic polymer or a natural polymer having at least two functional groups selected from thiol, acrylate and methacrylate, wherein the first and the second polymers are intermolecularly cross-linked via said functional groups, wherein the hydrogel has a light transmission of at least 80% of light in a range of 400-700 nm, and wherein a total concentration of polymers in the hydrogel is at least 2 weight %.","label":"IndustConst","id":367} +{"sentence":"Tubelet panel and method of and apparatus for manufacture thereofA tubelet panel of fabric face sheets and parallel, continuous film, partition strips normal to the face sheets and having their longitudinal edges fused into the fabric of the face sheets is formed by thermal fusion by applying heat and pressure to the outer surfaces of the face sheets in the regions in registry with the partition edges. The partition material is chosen to have a lower melting temperature than the face sheet material and the applied heat is at a temperature above the melting temperature of the partition material and below the melting temperature of the face sheet material. Parallel tines spaced about the thickness of the partition strip guide the strips through a bonding region for one face sheet followed along the path of advance of the face materials and partition strips by a bonding station for the other face sheet and are of a thickness which varies as the bonds are progressively formed to limit the displacement of heating means against the partition edges to the amount of material of the edges to be fused into the bond. Adjuncts include feeding of the face sheet material and partition material as strip stock, as from a reel, slitting the partition material to the desired strip width in line, and cutting off lengths of the tubelet panel as for battery plate casing lengths.1. Apparatus for producing a panel array of parallel tubes comprising; first means to engage the major faces of a plurality of strips, each having parallel longitudinal edges bordering opposed major faces and of stiff sheet material having a first melting temperature, and to support the strips with their major faces parallel and their first longitudinal edges parallel; means to engage and to support a first facing sheet against a first longitudinal edge of each strip in a region of said apparatus in which said means to engage strips engages the strips, the sheet being of a material having a second melting temperature above the first melting temperature of the strip material; means to apply heat and pressure to the face of the first facing sheet opposite the face adjacent the first edges of the strips at a temperature above the first melting temperature and below the second melting temperature in that region in which said first means to engage the strips is in engagement with the strips to melt the first longitudinal edges of the strips and displace the first sheet and the strips toward each other to bond the first edges to the first facing sheet without melting a preponderant portion of the major faces of the strips; second means to engage the major faces of the plurality of strips and to support the strips with their major faces parallel and their second longitudinal edges parallel; second means to engage and to support a second facing sheet against a second longitudinal edge of each strip in a region of said apparatus in which said second means to engage strips engages the strips, the sheet being of a material having a third melting temperature above the first melting temperature of the strip material; and means to apply heat and pressure to the face of the second facing sheet opposite the face adjacent the second longitudinal edge of the strips at a temperature above the first melting temperature and below the third melting temperature in the region in which said second means to engage the strips is in engagement with the strips to melt the second longitudinal edges of the strips and displace the second sheet and the strips toward each other to bond the second edges to the second facing sheet without melting a preponderant portion of the major faces of the strips.","label":"IndustConst","id":368} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of neopentyl glycolThe invention relates to a process for the preparation of neopentyl glycol by hydrogenation of hydroxypivaldehyde (HPA) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst at an elevated temperature. According to the invention, hydroxypivaldehyde is hydrogenated in the presence of a nickel-containing catalyst and at a temperature below 100° C. in a liquid phase containing a solvent an amount of 1-70% by weight and water in an amount of 0-15% by weight. Aliphatic alcohol or ether or a mixture thereof is used as solvent.1. A process for the preparation of neopentyl glycol which comprises hydrogenating hydroxypivaldehyde (HPA) in the presence of hydrogen and a hydrogenation catalyst at an elevated temperature, wherein the hydrogenation of hydroxypivaldehyde is carried out in the presence of a catalyst containing nickel or nickel-chromium and at a temperature below 100° C. and under a pressure of 10-80 bars in a liquid phase comprising solvent in an amount of 1-70% by weight and water in an amount less than 15% by weight, wherein said hydroxypivaldehyde is obtained by aldolization of formaldehyde and isobutyraldehyde with a weakly basic anion exchange resin acting as an aldolization catalyst.","label":"Process","id":369} +{"sentence":"MIXTURES COMPRISING A SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER (SAP) AND A BIOPESTICIDEA mixture or kit-of-parts comprising a superabsorbent polymer (hereinafter referred to as \"SAP\" or \"SAPs\") and a biopesticide, their application in agriculture, or the method for conducting the combined application of SAP and biopesticide in agriculture.16 . A mixture or a kit-of-parts comprising: 1) at least one superabsorbent polymer (S) selected from the groups (S10), (S20), (S30), (S40), (S50), (S60), (S70), (S80), and (S90): (S10) Peptide\/protein-based SAP selected from the groups (S11), (S12), and (S13): (S11) Naturally occurring peptide\/protein-based SAP: elastin, collagen, Gelatin A, Gelatin B, silk fibroin, globular proteins, beta-lactoglobulin, bovine serum albumin, ovalbumin; (S12) Semi-synthetic or fully-synthetic peptide\/protein-based SAP: collagen-based synthetic hydrogels, elastin-like polypeptides, silk-elastin-like polypeptides, hydrogels based on a coiled coil motif, triblock polypeptides, polyaspartic acid, polyaspartates, polyglutamic acid, polyglutamates; (S13) Peptide\/protein-based SAP other than those listed in (S11) or (S12); (S20) Polysaccharide selected from the groups (S21), (S22), (S23), (S24), and (S25): (S21) Naturally occurring polysaccharide: agar, alginate, beta-glucan, carrageenan, cellulose, micro-\/nanofibrillar cellulose, chitin, dextran, galactomannan, glucomannan, guar gum, gum arabic, hyaluronan, pectin starch, starch, starch derivatives, xanthan; (S22) Semi-synthetic or fully-synthetic polysaccharide: carboxymethyl starch (CMS), sulfoethyl starch (SES), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), sulfoethyl cellulose (SEC), hydroxypropyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, methylcellulose, chitosan; (S23) Cross-linked polysaccharide: CMS cross-linked with multi-functional carboxylic acids (MFC) or multi-functional epoxides (MFE), SES cross-linked with MFC or MFE, CMC cross-linked with MFC or MFE, SEC cross-linked with MFC or MFE, hydroxypropyl cellulose cross-linked with MFC or MFE, hydroxyethyl cellulose cross-linked with MFC or MFE, methylcellulose cross-linked with MFC or MFE, chitosan cross-linked with MFC or MFE; (S24) Polysaccharide graft copolymer: Polysaccharides obtained by graft polymerizing a monomer onto a polysaccharide, wherein the monomer is selected from acrylonitrile, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylamide, methacrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), vinyl sulfonic acid, ethyl acrylate, and potassium acrylate; (S25) Polysaccharide other than those listed in (S21), (S22), (S23) or (S24); (S30) Polymer containing one or more unsaturated carboxylic acid, or its salts thereof, as monomeric units, selected from the groups (S31), (S32), (S33), (S34), and (S35): (S31) Polymer containing acrylic acid, or its salts thereof, as monomeric units; (S32) Polymer containing methacrylic acid, or its salts thereof, as monomeric units; (S33) Polymer containing as monomeric units at least one of the unsaturated carboxylic acids—or salts thereof—selected from: crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, 2′-methylisocrotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, vinyl acetic acid, ethacrylic acid, alpha-chloroacrylic acid, alpha-cyanoacrylic acid, alpha-phenylacrylic acid, beta-acryloxypropionic acid, sorbinic acid, alpha-chlorosorbinic acid, cinnamic acid, p-chlorocinnamic acid, beta-stearic acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, glutaconic acid, aconitic acid, tricarboxy ethylene, and maleic acid anhydride; (S34) Polymer containing as monomeric units at least one of the unsaturated carboxylic acids—or salts thereof—selected from: terephthalic acid, dimethyl terephthalate, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, naphthalene dicarboxylic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 6-hydroxynaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid: (S35) Polymer containing as monomeric units one or more unsaturated carboxylic acid—or salts thereof—which are not listed in (S31), (S32), (S33), or (S34); (S40) Polymer containing one or more unsaturated sulfonic acid, or one or more unsaturated phosphonic acid, or its salts thereof, as monomeric units, selected from the groups (S41), (S42), and (S43): (S41) Polymer containing as monomeric units at least one of the unsaturated sulfonic acids—or salts thereof—selected from: 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), methallyl sulfonic acid, allyl sulfonic acid, acrylic sulfonic acid, methacrylic sulfonic acid, vinyl sulfonic acid, 4-vinylbenzylsulfonic acid, vinyltoluenesulfonic acid, styrenesulfonic acid, sulfoethyl(meth)acrylate, sulfopropyl(meth)acrylate, and 2-hydroxy-3-methacryloxypropylsulfonic acid; (S42) Polymer containing as monomeric units at least one of the unsaturated phosphonic acids—or salts thereof—selected from: vinylphosphonic acid, allylphosphonic acid, vinylbenzylphosphonic acid, (meth)acrylamidoalkylphosphonic acids, acrylamidoalkyldiphosphonic acids, phosphonomethylated vinylamines and (meth)acrylphosphonic acid derivatives; (S43) Polymer containing as monomeric units one or more unsaturated sulfonic acids not listed in (S41) or one or more unsaturated phosphonic acids not listed in (S42); (S50) Polymer containing one or more amines or amides as monomeric units, selected from the groups (S51), (S52), (S53), (S54) and (S55): (S51) Polymer containing acrylamide or methacrylamide as monomeric units; (S52) Polymer containing as monomeric units at least one of the unsaturated amides selected from; N-methylol(meth)acrylamide, N, N-dimethylamino(meth)acrylamide, dimethyl(meth)acrylamide, diethyl(meth)acrylamide, N-vinylamides, N-vinylformamides, N-vinylacetamides, N-vinyl-N-methylacetamide, N-vinyl-N-methylformamides, vinylpyrrolidone; (S53) Polymer containing as monomeric units one or more amides not listed in (S51) or (S52); (S54) Polymer containing as monomeric units at least one primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine, or quarternary ammonium salt; (S55) Polyamidoamines; (S60) Polymer containing optionally cross-linked polyethers or polyols, selected from the groups (S61), (S62), (S63), (S64), and (S65): (S61) Polymer containing optionally cross-linked polyethylene glycol (PEG); (S62) Polymer containing optionally cross-linked polypropylene glycol (PPG) or poly(oxyethylene-oxypropylene) copolymer; (S63) Polymer containing at least one optionally cross-linked polyether selected from: polyoxymethylene, poly(tetrahydrofuran), polyphenyl ether (PPE), and poly(p-phenylene oxide) (PPO); (S64) Polymer containing optionally cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol; (S65) Polymer containing optionally cross-linked polyethers or polyols not listed in (S61), (S62), (S63) or (S64); (S70) Polymer selected from the groups (S71), (S72), (S73), and (S74): (S71) Polymer containing monoethylenically unsaturated acidic group-containing monomers S70A and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers S70B which are cross-linked with at least one cross-linker S71C selected from: alkenyldi(meth)acrylates, ethyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, 1,3-propyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, 1,4-butyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, 1,3-butyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, 1,6-hexanedioldi(meth)acrylate, 1,10-decanedioldi(meth)acrylate, 1,12-dodecanedioldi(meth)acrylate, 1,18-octadecanedioldi(meth)acrylate, cyclopentanedioldi(meth)acrylate, neopentylglycoldi(meth)acrylate, methylenedi(meth)acrylate or pentaerythritoldi(meth)acrylate, alkenyldi(meth)acrylamides, N-methyldi(meth)acrylamide, N,N′-3-methylbutylidenebis(meth)acrylamide, N, N′-(1,2-dihydroxyethylene)bis(meth)acrylamide, N,N-hexamethylenebis-(meth)acrylamide or N,N-methylenebis(meth)acrylamide, polyalkoxydi(meth)acrylates, diethyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, triethyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, tetraethyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, dipropyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, tripropyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate or tetrapropyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, bisphenol-A-di(meth)acrylate, ethoxylated bisphenol-A-di(meth)acrylate, benzylidenedi(meth)acrylate, 1,3-di(meth)acryloyloxypropanol-2, hydroquinonedi(meth)acrylate, di(meth)acrylate esters of trimethylolpropane, ethoxylated di(meth)acrylate esters of trimethylolpropane, thioethyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, thiopropyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, thiopolyethyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, thiopolypropyleneglycoldi(meth)acrylate, divinyl ethers, 1,4-butanedioldivinylether, divinyl esters, divinyladipate, alkanedienes, butadiene or 1,6-hexadiene, divinylbenzene, di(meth)allyl compounds, di(meth)allylphthalate or di(meth)allylsuccinate, homo- and co-polymers of di(meth)allyldimethylammonium chloride and homo- and co-polymers of diethyl(meth)allylaminomethyl(meth)acrylateammonium chloride, vinyl(meth)acrylic compounds, vinyl(meth)acrylate, (meth)allyl(meth)acrylic compounds, (meth)allyl(meth)acrylate, (meth)allyl(meth)acrylate ethoxylated with 1 to 30 mol ethylene oxide per hydroxyl group, di(meth)allylesters of polycarbonic acids, di(meth)allylmaleate, di(meth)allylfumarate, di(meth)allylsuccinate or di(meth)allylterephthalate, compounds with 3 or more ethylenically unsaturated, glycerine tri(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylate esters of glycerins which are ethoxylated, trimethylolpropanetri(meth)acrylate, tri(meth)acrylate esters of trimethylolpropane, ethoxylated tri(meth)acrylate esters of trimethylolpropane, trimethacrylamide, (meth)allylidenedi(meth)acrylate, 3-allyloxy-1,2-propanedioldi(meth)acrylate, tri(meth)allylcyanurate, tri(meth)allylisocyanurate, pentaerythritoltetra(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritoltri(meth)acrylate, (meth)acrylic acid esters of pentaerythritol which is ethoxylated, tris(2-hydroxyethyl)isocyanuratetri(meth)acrylate, trivinyltrimellitate, tri(meth)allylamine, di(meth)allylalkylamines, di(meth)allylmethylamine, tri(meth)allylphosphate, tetra(meth)allylethylenediamine, poly(meth)allyl ester, tetra(meth)allyloxyethane or tetra(meth)allylammonium halides; (S72) Polymer containing monoethylenically unsaturated acidic group-containing monomers S70A and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers S70B which are cross-linked with at least one cross-linker S72C selected from: polyols, ethyleneglycol, polyethyleneglycols, diethyleneglycol, triethyleneglycol, tetraethyleneglycol, propyleneglycol, polypropyleneglycols, dipropyleneglycol, tripropyleneglycol, tetrapropyleneglycol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, 2,4-pentanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, 2,5-hexanediol, glycerine, polyglycerin, trimethylolpropane, polyoxypropylene, oxyethylene-oxypropylene-block copolymer, sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylenesorbitan fatty acid esters, pentaerythritol, polyvinylalcohol and sorbitol, aminoalcohols, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine or propanolamine, polyamine compounds, ethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetraamine, tetraethylenepentaamine or pentaethylenehexaamine, polyglycidyl ether compounds, ethyleneglycol diglycidyl ether, polyethyleneglycol diglycidyl ether, glycerinediglycidyl ether, glycerinepolyglycidyl ether, pentaerithritolpolyglycidyl ether, propyleneglycoldiglycidyl ether, polypropyleneglycoldiglycidyl ether, neopentylglycoldiglycidyl ether, hexanediolglycidyl ether, trimethylolpropanepolyglycidyl ether, sorbitolpolyglycidyl ether, phthalic acid diglycidyl ester, adipinic acid diglycidyl ether, 1,4-phenylenebis(2-oxazoline), glycidol, polyisocyanates, diisocyanates, 2,4-toluenediioscyanate, hexamethylenediisocyanate, polyaziridine compounds, 2,2-bishydroxymethylbutanol-tris[3-(1-aziridinyl-)propionate], 1,6-hexamethylenediethyleneurea, diphenylmethane-bis-4,4′-N, N′-diethyleneurea, halogen epoxides, epichlorohydrin, epibromohydrin and alpha-methylepichlorohydrin, alkylenecarbonates, 1,3-dioxolane-2-one (ethylene carbonate), 4-methyl-1, 3-dioxolane-2-one(propylene carbonate), 4,5-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, 4-ethyl-1, 3-dioxolane-2-one, 4-hydroxymethyl-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, 1, 3-dioxane-2-one, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxane-2-one, 4,6-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane-2-one, 1,3-dioxolane-2-one, poly-1,3-dioxolane-2-one, polyquaternary amines, condensation products from dimethylamines and epichlorohydrin, polyoxazolines, 1, 2-ethylenebisoxazoline, crosslinkers with silane groups, 7-glycidooxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 7-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane, oxazolidinones, 2-oxazolidinone, bis- and poly-2-oxazolidinone and diglycolsilicates; (S73) Polymer containing monoethylenically unsaturated acidic group-containing monomers S70A and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers S70B which are cross-linked with at least one cross-linker S73C selected from: hydroxyl or amino group-containing esters of (meth)acrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethyl(meth)acrylate, as well as hydroxyl or amino group-containing (meth)acrylamides, or mono(meth)allylic compounds of diols; (S74) Polymer containing monoethylenically unsaturated acidic group-containing monomers S70A and monoethylenically unsaturated monomers S70B which are cross-linked with at least one polyvalent metal cross-linker S74C selected from: singly charged cations, doubly charged cations derived from zinc, beryllium, alkaline earth metals, magnesium, calcium, strontium, cations with higher charge selected from cations from aluminium, iron, chromium, manganese, titanium, zirconium and other transition metals as well as double salts of such cations or mixtures of said salts; (S80) Polymer selected from the groups (S81), (S82), (S83), (S84), (S85), (S86), and (S87): (S81) Polymer produced by the process disclosed in WO2013\/060848; (S82) polymer produced by the process (S80P1); (S83) polymer produced by the process (S80P2); (S84) polymer mixed or grafted with lignocellulose material; (S85) polymer mixed or grafted with lignocellulose material selected from list (S80L1); (S86) polymer containing acrylic acid, or its salts thereof, as monomeric units, mixed or grafted with lignocellulose material selected from list (S80L1); (S87) polymer selected from the groups (S11), (S12), (S13), (S21), (S22), (S23), (S24), (S25), (S32), (S33), (S34), (S35), (S41), (S42), (S43), (S51), (S52), (S53), (S54), (S55), (S61), (S62), (S63), (S64), (S65), (S71), (S72), (S73), and (S74), mixed or grafted with lignocellulose material selected from list (S80L1), wherein (S80P1) is a process for producing polymer composites suitable for absorbing and storing aqueous liquids, comprising: a free-radical polymerization of a monomer composition S80M which a) 50 to 100% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers S80A and S80B, of at least one monomer S80A having one ethylenic double bond and at least one neutralizable acid group, b) 0 to 50% by weight of optionally one or more comonomers S80B which are different than the monomers S80A and have one ethylenic double bond, and c) 0 to 10% by weight, based on the total amount of monomers S80A and S80B, of at least one crosslinker S80C, in an aqueous suspension of a water-insoluble particulate substance S80S comprising cellulose or lignocellulose, the weight ratio of the monomer composition S80M to the substance S80S being in the range from 9:1 to 1:9; wherein the monomers S80A used for polymerization are present in the aqueous suspension in anionic form to an extent of at least 10 mol %, wherein (S80P2) is the process according to (S80P1), wherein the particulate substance S80S comprises a lignocellulose material and the substance S80S is selected to an extent of at least 50% by weight, based on the total amount of substance S80S, from the list (S80L1), wherein the list (S80L1) is: hemp dust, flax dust, sawdust, bran, ground straw, ground olive stones, ground tree bark, reject material from pulp production, sugar beet peel, sugar cane waste, rice husks, cereal husks, ground hemp fibers, ground flax fibers, ground Chinese silvergrass fibers, ground coconut fibers, ground kenaf fibers or ground wood fibers, pulp or mechanical pulp from papermaking, and wastes from biogas production, (S90) Inorganic superabsorbent materials: phyllosilicates, phyllosilicates in form of exfoliated or semi-exfoliated clay, clay selected from the group consisting of smectites, hectorites, bentonites, montmorillonites, celites, illites and mixtures thereof; and 2) at least one biopesticide (L) selected from the groups (L1), (L3), (L5) and (L7): (L1) Microbial pesticides with fungicidal, bactericidal, viricidal and\/or plant defense activator activity selected from: (L11) Ampelomyces quisqualis, (L12) Aspergillus flavus, (L13) Aureobasidium pullulans, (L14) Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, (L15) Bacillus mojavensis, (L16) Bacillus pumilus, (L17) Bacillus simplex, (L18) Bacillus solisalsi, (L19) Bacillus subtilis, (L20) Bacillus subtilis var. amyloliquefaciens, (L21) Candida oleophila, or C. saitoana, (L22) Clavibacter michiganensis (bacteriophages), (L23) Coniothyrium minitans, (L24) Cryphonectria parasitica, (L25) Cryptococcus albidus, (L26) Dilophosphora alopecuri, (L27) Fusarium oxysporum, (L28) Clonostachys rosea f catenulate (also named Gliocladium catenulatum), (L29) Gliocladium roseum, (L30) Lysobacter antibioticus, or L. enzymogenes, (L31) Metschnikowia fructicola, (L32) Microdochium dimerum, (L33) Microsphaeropsis ochracea, (L34) Muscodor albus, (L35) Paenibacillus polymyxa, (L36) Pantoea vagans, (L37) Phlebiopsis gigantea, (L38) Pseudomonas sp., or Pseudomonas chloraphis, (L39) Pseudozyma flocculosa, (L40) Pichia anomala, (L41) Pythium oligandrum, (L42) Sphaerodes mycoparasitica, (L43) Streptomyces griseoviridis, S. lydicus, or S. violaceusniger, (L44) Talaromyces flavus, (L45) Trichoderma asperellum, T. atroviride, T. fertile, T. gamsii, T. harmatum, T. harzianum, T. stromaticum, T. virens (also named Gliocladium virens), T. viride, or mixture of T. harzianum and T. viride, or mixture of T. polysporum and T. harzianum, (L46) Typhula phacorrhiza, (L47) Ulocladium oudemansii, (L48) Verticillium dahlia, (L49) zucchini yellow mosaic virus (avirulent strain); (L3) Microbial pesticides with insecticidal, acaricidal, molluscidal and\/or nematicidal activity selected from: (L51) Agrobacterium radiobacter, (L52) Bacillus cereus, (L53) Bacillus firmus, (L54) Bacillus thuringiensis, B. t. ssp. aizawai, B. t. ssp. israelensis, B. t. ssp. galleriae, B. t. ssp. kurstaki, or B. t. ssp. tenebrionis, (L55) Beauveria bassiana, or B. brongniartii, (L56) Burkholderia sp., (L57) Chromobacterium subtsugae, (L58) Cydia pomonella granulosis virus, (L59) Cryptophlebia leucotreta granulovirus (Cr1eGV), (L60) Isaria fumosorosea, (L61) Heterorhabditis bacteriophora, (L62) Lecanicillium longisporum, or L. muscarium (formerly Verticillium lecanii), (L63) Metarhizium anisopliae, or M. anisopliae var. acridum, (L64) Nomuraea rileyi, (L65) Paecilomyces fumosoroseus, or P. lilacinus, (L66) Paenibacillus popilliae, (L67) Pasteuria spp., P. nishizawae, P. penetrans, P. ramose, P. reneformis, P. thornea, or P. usgae, (L68) Pseudomonas fluorescens, (L69) Steinernema carpocapsae, S. feltiae, or S. kraussei; (L5) Microbial pesticides with plant stress reducing, plant growth regulator, plant growth promoting and\/or yield enhancing activity selected from: (L81) Azospirillum amazonense, A. brasilense, A. lipoferum, A. irakense, or A. halopraeferens, (L82) Bradyrhizobium sp., B. elkanii, B. japonicum, B. liaoningense, or B. lupini, (L83) Delftia acidovorans, (L84) VA mycorrhiza selected from the genera Glomus, Acaulospora, Entrophosphora, Gigaspora, Scutellospora and Sclerocytis, (L85) VA mycorrhiza selected from the group consisting of Glomus fasciculatum, G. caledonium, G. mosseae, G. versiforme, G. intraradices and G. etunicatum, (L86) Mesorhizobium sp., (L87) Paenibacillus alvei, (L88) Penicillium bilaiae, (L89) Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. phaseoli, R. l. trifolii, R. l. bv. viciae, or R. tropici, (L90) Sinorhizobium meliloti, (L91) Enterobacter spp., E. ludwigii, E. aerogenes, E. amnigenus, E. agglomerans, E. arachidis, E. asburiae, E. cancerogenous, E. cloacae, E. cowanii, E. dissolvens, E. gergoviae, E. helveticus, E. hormaechei, E. intermedius, E. kobei, E. mori, E. nimipressuralis, E. oryzae, E. pulveris, E. pyrinus, E. radicincitans, E. taylorae, E. turicensis, or E. sakazakii, (L92) Oxalobacteraceae spp., Herbaspirillum seropedicae (DSM No.: 6445) (free-living nitrogen fixing bacterium), Janthinobacterium lividum (DSM No.: 1522) (violacein-producing bacterium), or Pseudoduganella violaceinigra (DSM No.: 15887) (violacein-producing bacterium); (L7) Metabolites produced by the microbial pesticides selected from: (L93) siderophores, bacillibactin (L94) antibiotiics such as zwittermicin-A, kanosamine, polyoxine, bacilysin, violacein (L95) enzymes such as alpha-amylase, chitinases, pektinases, phosphatase (acid and alkaline) and phytase (L96) phytohormones and precursors thereof and volatile compounds, such as auxines, gibberellin-like substances, cytokinin-like compounds, acetoin, 2,3-butanediol, ethylene, indole acetic acid, (L97) lipopeptides such as iturins, plipastatins, surfactins, agrastatin, agrastatin A, bacillomycin, bacillomycin D, fengycin, (L98) antibacterial polyketides such as difficidin, macrolactin and bacilaene (L99) antifungal metabolites such as pyrones, cytosporone, 6-pentyl-2H-pyran-2-one (also termed 6-pentyl-a-pyrone), koninginins (complex pyranes), in particular those metabolites produced by Trichoderma species.","label":"Household","id":370} +{"sentence":"Turbomolecular pump system for gas separationSystem for separating a gas mixture comprising a plurality of separation stages, each having a reference number n from 1 to N, inclusive. Each stage has a housing, a turbomolecular pump assembly therein having inlet and outlet ends, a first chamber adjacent the inlet end and having an inlet port and a first outlet port, and a second chamber adjacent the outlet end and having a second outlet port. The inlet port of a separation stage n is connected with the first outlet port of an adjacent stage n+1, and the second outlet port of the stage n is connected with the inlet port of the stage n+1. The inlet port of any stage may serve as a feed port. The first chamber of stage n=1 and the second chamber of stage n=N have first and second product outlets, respectively.1 . A system for the separation of a gas mixture comprising: (a) a plurality of separation stages, each stage designated by a reference number n, where n is an integer having a value from 1 to N, inclusive, and N is the total number of stages, wherein each stage comprises (a 1 ) a housing; (a 2 ) a turbomolecular pump assembly disposed within the housing and having an inlet end and an outlet end; (a 3 ) a first chamber within the housing adjacent the inlet end of the turbomolecular pump and having and inlet port and a first outlet port; and (a 4 ) a second chamber within the housing adjacent the outlet end of the turbomolecular pump assembly and having a second outlet port; (b) a passage connecting the inlet port of a separation stage n with the first outlet port of an adjacent separation stage n+1; (c) a passage connecting the second outlet port of the separation stage n with the inlet port of the separation stage n+1; (d) a feed passage in flow communication with the inlet port of any separation stage having a reference number n and defined as a feed stage, where the reference number n for the feed stage is an integer having a value from 1 to N, inclusive; (e) a first product withdrawal passage in flow communication with the first chamber of a separation stage having a reference number n=1; and (f) a second product withdrawal passage in flow communication with the second chamber of a separation stage having a reference number n=N.","label":"HouseConst","id":371} +{"sentence":"Heat shrinkable C2C4C6 terpolymer filmBiaxially stretched, heat shrinkable monolayer and multilayer films comprising very low density polyethylene terpolymers of monomers (a), (b) and (c), where (a) comprises ethylene, (b) comprises a C6-C8alpha-olefin and (c) comprises 1-butene or 1-hexene, have a very good combination of physical properties and processability including high shrinkage values and puncture resistance.1. A biaxially stretched, heat shrinkable film comprising a terpolymer of monomers (a), (b) and (c), wherein monomer (a) comprises ethylene, monomer (b) comprises 1-hexene, and monomer (c) comprises 1-butene, wherein said terpolymer has a density less than 0.915 g\/cm3and said terpolymer has a melt index of about 0.25 g\/10 min.","label":"HouseConst","id":372} +{"sentence":"Bis(tetrahydro-indenyl) metallocenes as olefin-polymerization-catalystA new class of bridged bis(tetrahydro-indenyl)metallocenes of formula (I), wherein M is Zr or Hf; X are monoanionic sigma ligands; (ZR 1 i ) j is a divalent group bridging the two tetrahydro-indenyl residues; R 2 and R 3 are halogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, alklyaryl or arylalkyl radicals; p is 0-3; i is 1 or 2; j is 1-4; m is 1-2; and n is 0-8. Furthermore, catalysts systems for olefin polymerization containing them are described.1. A bridged bis(tetrahydro-indenyl)metallocene of formula (I): wherein: M is a transition metal belonging to group 3, 4, 5, 6 or to the lanthanide or actinide groups of the Periodic Table of the Elements; the substituents X, the same or different from each other, are monoanionic sigma ligands selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, halogen, —R, —OR, —OSO 2 CF 3 , —OCOR, —SR, —NR 2 and —PR 2 groups, wherein the R substituents are linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 7 -C 20 alkylaryl or C 7 -C 20 arylalkyl radicals, optionally containing one or more atoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and two R substituents may form a 5-7 membered ring; (ZR 1 i ) j is a divalent group bridging the two tetrahydro-indenyl residues, Z being selected from the group consisting of C, Si, Ge, N and P; the substituents R 1 , the same or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 7 -C 20 alkylaryl and C 7 -C 20 arylalkyl radicals, optionally containing one or more atoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; the substituents R 2 and R 3 , the same or different from each other, are selected from the group consisting of halogen, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C 1 -C 20 alkyl, C 3 -C 20 cycloalkyl, C 6 -C 20 aryl, C 7 -C 20 alkylaryl and C 7 -C 20 arylalkyl radicals, optionally containing one or more atoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, —OR, —SR, —NR 2 , N-pyrrolyl, N-indolyl, —PR 2 , —BR 2 and —SiR 3 groups, wherein the R substituents have the meaning reported above; or two adjacent R 3 substituents form a ring having from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; p is an integer ranging from 0 to 3, being equal to the oxidation state of the metal M minus 2; i is 1 or 2; j is an integer ranging from 1 to 4; m is an integer ranging from 1 to 2; and n is an integer ranging from 0 to 8.","label":"Catalyst","id":373} +{"sentence":"Aerogel\/PTFE composite insulating materialA material comprising aerogel particles and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder is formed having a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 mW\/m K at atmospheric conditions. The material is moldable or formable, having little or no shedding of filler particles, and may be formed into structures such as tapes or composites, for example, by bonding the material between two outer layers. Advantageously, composites may be flexed, stretched, or bent without significant dusting or loss of insulating properties.1. A structure comprising: two layers and a material between the two layers comprising greater than or equal to about 40% wt aerogel particles and less than or equal to about 60% wt polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles having a particle size of from about 50 nm to about 600 μm, wherein the material is a powder or a putty and the material has a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 mW\/m K at atmospheric conditions (298.15 K and 101.3 kPa).","label":"IndustConst","id":374} +{"sentence":"Acrylate-vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile graft copolymer with excellent impact strength, colorability, and weatherability, and thermoplastic resin composition containing the sameOne aspect of the invention relates to an acrylate-vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile graft copolymer. The acrylate-vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile graft copolymer can include: a double layered rubbery polymer comprising an inner core layer of alkylacrylate-vinyl aromatic copolymer and an outer core layer of alkylacrylate polymer; and a vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile copolymer shell layer grafted onto the double layered rubbery polymer. Another aspect of the invention relates to a weatherable thermoplastic resin composition including the foregoing acrylate-vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile graft copolymer.1. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising: about 40 to about 70 parts by weight of a (meth)acrylate-vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile graft copolymer comprising a double layered rubbery polymer comprising an inner core layer comprising an alkyl(meth)acrylate-vinyl aromatic copolymer and an outer core layer comprising an alkyl(meth)acrylate polymer, wherein the alkyl(meth)acrylate of the alkyl(meth)acrylate-vinyl aromatic copolymer of the inner core layer is n-butyl acrylate, n-butyl methacrylate, or a mixture thereof; and a vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile copolymer shell layer grafted onto said double layered rubbery polymer; and about 30 to about 60 parts by weight of a vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile copolymer, wherein said (meth)acrylate-vinyl aromatic-unsaturated nitrile graft copolymer has a graft ratio of about 30 to about 70%.","label":"Automobile","id":375} +{"sentence":"Meltblown absorbent fibers and composites and method for making the sameAn absorbent fiber is produced from a melt processable polymer. An absorbent composite includes the absorbent fiber in addition to natural fibers and superabsorbent material. A method of producing the superabsorbent fiber and absorbent composite is also disclosed.1 . An absorbent fiber, comprising: a melt processable, water soluble polymer; and a cross-linking agent; wherein the absorbent fiber has an absorbency under zero load of at least about 5 g\/g.","label":"Household","id":376} +{"sentence":"Cyclopenta[b]fluorenyl transition metal compound, catalyst composition containing the same, and method of preparing ethylene homopolymer or copolymer of ethylene and α-olefin using the sameThe present invention relates to a new transition metal compound based on cyclopenta[b]fluorenyl group, a transition metal catalyst composition containing the same and having high catalytic activity for preparing an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and one α-olefin, a method of preparing an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and α-olefin using the same, and the prepared ethylene homopolymer or the copolymer of ethylene and α-olefin.1. A transition metal compound represented by Chemical Formula 1 below: In Chemical Formula 1, M is a Group 4 transition metal in the Periodic Table of Elements; n is an integer of 1 or 2, each R1 may be the same or different when n is 2; R1 is hydrogen, (C1-C50)alkyl, halo(C1-C50)alkyl, (C3-C50)cycloalkyl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C50)alkyl, ((C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C50)alkyl, —NRaRb, —SiRcRdRe, or 5- through 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl containing at least one nitrogen atom; R2and R3each are independently hydrogen, (C1-C50)alkyl, (C1-C50)alkoxy, halo(C1-C50)alkyl, (C3-C50)cycloalkyl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryloxy, (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C50)alkyl, ((C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C50)alkyl, —NRaRbor —SiRcRdRe; R4, R5, R10, R11 and R12 each are independently (C1-C50)alkyl, halo(C1-C50)alkyl, (C3-C50)cycloalkyl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C50)alkyl, ((C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C50)alkyl, —NRaRb, or —SiRcRdRe, and R11 and R12 may be linked via (C4-C7)alkylene to form a ring; R6, R7, R8 and R9 each are independently hydrogen, (C1-C50)alkyl, halo(C1-C50)alkyl, (C3-C50)cycloalkyl, (C1-C50)alkoxy, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C50)alkyl, ((C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C50)alkyl, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryloxy, N-carbazolyl, —NRaRb, or —SiRcRdRe, or may be linked to an adjacent substituent via (C1-C5)alkylene to form a ring, and at least one —CH2— of the alkylene may be substituted by a hetero atom selected from —O—, —S—, and —NR—, and the alkylene may be further substituted with (C1-C50)alkyl; aryl of R1 to R12 may be further substituted with at least one substituent selected from the group consisting of (C1-C50)alkyl, halo(C1-C50)alkyl, (C1-C50)alkoxy, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C6-C30)aryl, (C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl, and (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C50)alkyl; R′ and Rato Reeach are independently (C1-C50)alkyl or (C6-C30)aryl; X1 and X2 each are independently halogen, (C1-C50)alkyl, (C2-C50)alkenyl, (C3-C50)cycloalkyl (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C50)alkyl, ((C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C50)alkyl, (C1-C50)alkoxy, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C50)alkyl(C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C50)alkoxy(C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C50)alkylidene, —OSiRfRgRh, —SRi, —NRjRk, —PRlRmor dianion bidentate ligand consisting of 60 or less atoms containing N, P, O, S, Si, and halogen, except hydrogen, provided that one of X1 and X2 is a dianion bidentate ligand, the other is ignored; Rfto Rieach are independently (C1-C50)alkyl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C3-C50)cycloalkyl; and Rjto Rmeach are independently (C1-C50)alkyl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C50)alkyl, (C3-C50)cycloalkyl, tri(C1-C50)alkylsilyl, or tri(C6-C30)arylsilyl.","label":"HouseConst","id":377} +{"sentence":"Functionalized polymer, rubber composition and pneumatic tireThere is disclosed a functionalized elastomer of formula I where R1, R2and R3are independently C1 to C8 alkyl or C1 to C8 alkoxy, with the proviso that at least two of R1, R2and R3are C1 to C8 alkoxy; R4is C1 to C8 alkanediyl, C1 to C8 arylene, C1 to C8 alkylarylene, C1 to C8 arylalkanediyl, or a covalent bond; R5is C2 alkanediyl; Si is silicon; X is sulfur or oxygen; and P is a diene based elastomer, and n is 1 or 2.1. A functionalized elastomer of formula I where; Si is silicon; S is sulfur; P is a diene based elastomer, and n is 1 or 2.","label":"Automobile","id":378} +{"sentence":"Humectants for clear gel dentifrice compositionsA visually clear dentifrice composition comprising about 20 to 70% by weight of humectant solids, about 5 to 50% by weight of an abrasive, and water, (a) the humectant solids comprising a hydrogenated hydrolyzed polysaccharide wherein said hydrogenated hydrolyzed polysaccharide contains 25% or less maltitol and at least about 30% by weight of oligosaccharides with at least three glucose units; (b) said abrasive being capable of: (i) cleaning and polishing human teeth without damaging said teeth, and of (ii) forming a clear gel when combined with the humectant system, (c) the amount of water and the distribution of the molecular weights of said hydrogenated hydrolyzed polysaccharide being such as to render the dentifrice composition translucent or transparent.1. A visually clear dentifrice composition comprising about 20 to 70% by weight of humectant solids, about 5 to 50% by weight of an abrasive, and water, (a) the humectant solids comprising a hydrogenated hydrolyzed polysaccharide wherein said hydrogenated hydrolyzed polysaccharide contains 25% or less maltitol and at least about 20 to 30% by weight DP10oligosaccharides or higher; (b) said abrasive being capable of: (i) cleaning and polishing human teeth without damaging said teeth, and of (ii) forming a clear gel when combined with the humectant system, (c) the amount of water and the distribution of the molecular weights of said hydrogenated hydrolyzed polysaccharide being such as to render the dentifrice composition translucent or transparent.","label":"IndustConst","id":379} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of C.sub.1 to C.sub.4 oxygenated hydrocarbonsOxygenated hydrocarbon compounds containing from one to four carbon atoms, e.g. acids, alcohols and\/or aldehydes are produced by reacting carbon monoxide with hydrogen in the presence of a supported mixture of a rhodium component and a chromium component, optionally incorporating also iron, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten or ruthenium at elevated temperature and generally at elevated pressure. A preferred support is silica which may be activated by the addition of metal and non-metal activators followed by calcination, prior to incorporation of the rhodium and chromium components.1. A process for the production of oxygenated hydrocarbon compounds containing from one to four carbon atoms which process comprises contacting synthesis gas at a temperature in the range of from about 150° to 450° C. and a pressure in the range of from about 1 to 700 bars with a catalyst comprising a supported mixture essentially consisting of rhodium and chromium metals, each of said metals being present in an amount in the range of from about 0.01 to 25 weight percent based on the combined weight of the metals and support.","label":"Process","id":380} +{"sentence":"Oxidized organic compound manufacturing methodThe disclosed invention is a method for manufacturing an oxidized organic compound which includes a step of forming an oxidized organic compound, in use of a fixed-bed reactor having a reaction tube packed with an oxide catalyst, by supplying at least one type of organic compound as a reaction feedstock gas and using a molecular oxygen-containing gas to carry out a catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction; and a step of stopping the catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction. In the manufacturing method, when stopping the catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction, the supply of the reaction feedstock gas is stopped, after which an inert gas is supplied to the reactor, then a molecular oxygen-containing gas is supplied, subsequent to which the supply of the molecular oxygen-containing gas to the reactor is stopped.1. An oxidized organic compound manufacturing method, comprising: a step of forming an oxidized organic compound, in use of a fixed-bed reactor having a reaction tube packed with an oxide catalyst, by supplying at least one type of organic compound as a reaction feedstock gas and using a molecular oxygen-containing gas to carry out a catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction; and a step of stopping the catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction, wherein in the manufacturing method, when stopping the catalytic gas-phase oxidation reaction, the supply of the reaction feedstock gas is stopped, after which an inert gas is supplied to the reactor, then a molecular oxygen-containing gas is supplied, subsequent to which the supply of the molecular oxygen-containing gas to the reactor is stopped when an amount of carbon oxide present in the gases at an outlet of the reactor, excluding an amount of carbon oxide contained in the molecular oxygen containing gas supplied, is greater than 0ppm and not more than 1,000ppm.","label":"Catalyst","id":381} +{"sentence":"Cross-Linkable Polyolefin Composition Having the Tree ResistanceThe present invention relates to a tree resistant, cross-linkable polyolefin resin composition for insulation capable of improving electric properties of an insulator of the high voltage power cable and thus improving a long-life stability of an underground distribution cable as having a more superior resistance to water tree deterioration caused by moisture, superior thermal-oxidative stability, superior scorch resistance when extruding as well as obtaining a proper cross-linking degree when cross-linking.1 . A tree resistant, cross-linkable polyolefin composition having superior water tree resistant property, thermal-oxidative stability and cross-linking property, comprising i) 100 parts by weight of polyethylene; and based on 100 parts by weight of the polyethylene, ii) 1 to 4 parts by weight of chemical cross-linking agent; iii) 0.3 to 0.8 parts by weight of antioxidant which is a mixture including 0.1 to 0.23 parts by weight of 4,4′-thiobis(2-tert-butyl-5-methylphenol) and 0.1 to 0.4 parts by weight of at least one selected from the group consisting of tetrakis[methylene(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-hydrocinnamate)]methane, 4,6-bis(octylthiobutyl)-o-cresol and 2,2′-thiobis[ethyl-3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydrophenyl)]-propionate; iv) 0.1 to 1.0 parts by weight of 2,4-diphenyl-4-methyl-1-pentene; and v) 0.3 to 1.0 parts by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of 5000 to 50000.","label":"HouseConst","id":382} +{"sentence":"Acidic superabsorbent hydrogelsThe present invention relates to novel hydrophilic swellable addition polymers comprising improved odor control, a process for their preparation and their use for absorbing aqueous fluids and a process for screening superabsorbents.17 . A hydrogel-forming polymer capable of absorbing aqueous fluids and having a pH absorbency index pHAI of at least 80 and a pH of not more than 5.7, wherein pHAI is calculated as follows: pHAI=ΔpH (AUL0.7psi+CRC), wherein ΔpH=7−pH of product, AUL0.7psi is an absorbency under pressure at 0.7 psi, and CRC is a centrifuge retention capacity.","label":"Household","id":383} +{"sentence":"Transition metal complex, catalyst for olefin polymerization, and process for producing olefin polymer with the sameThe present invention relates to a transition metal complex represented by the formula (I): wherein M represents a Group 4 transition metal; —Y— represents (a): —C(R1)(R20)-A-, (b): —C(R1)(R20)-A1(R30)-, (c): —C(R1)=A1-, or (d): —C(R1)=A1-A2-R30; A represents a Group 16 element and A1and A2each represents a Group 15 element; R1to R9, R20, and R30are the same or different and each represents an optionally substituted hydrocarbon group, etc.; and X1and X2are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkyl group, etc., and an intermediate product thereof, and a catalyst for olefin polymerization which comprises said transition metal complex as a component.1. A transition metal complex represented by the formula (I): wherein M represents a Group 4 transition metal; —Y— represents —C(R1)(R20)-A1(R30)—, A1represents a Group 15 element; R1and R20are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryl group or an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyl group; R30represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryl group, an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyl group or a silyl group optionally substituted with optionally substituted C1-20 hydrocarbon group(s); R2, R3, R4and R5are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkoxy group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryl group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryloxy group, an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyl group, an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyloxy group, a silyl group substituted with optionally substituted C1-20 hydrocarbon group(s), or a C1-20 hydrocarbon-substituted amino group; R6, R7, R8and R9are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkoxy group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryl group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryloxy group, an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyl group, an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyloxy group, a silyl group substituted with optionally substituted C1-20 hydrocarbon group(s), or a C1-20 hydrocarbon-substituted amino group; X1and X2are the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkyl group, an optionally substituted C1-10 alkoxy group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryl group, an optionally substituted C6-20 aryloxy group, an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyl group, an optionally substituted C7-20 aralkyloxy group or a C1-20 hydrocarbon-substituted amino group, or X1and X2, R1and R20, the adjacent R2, R3, R4and R5or the adjacent R6, R7, R8and R9may be linked to each other to form a ring.","label":"Catalyst","id":384} +{"sentence":"Process for the purification of (meth) acrylic acid and\/or its esterIn a process for the purification of (meth)acrylic acid and\/or its ester using a distillation unit containing a distillation column, a multitubular reboiler and a pipe connecting these elements, an oxygen containing gas is supplied from a least one point in regions between the distillation column and an inlet of the multitubular reboiler and\/or in regions between the inlet and an inlet side tube sheet of the multitubular reboiler. This process can effectively prevent the formation of polymerization products and can stably purify (meth)acrylic acid and\/or its ester over a long time.1. A process for the purification of (meth)acrylic acid, its ester, or both using a distillation unit, said distillation unit comprising a distillation column, a multitubular reboiler, and a pipe connecting said distillation column with said multitubular reboiler, comprising: feeding a liquid mixture containing (meth)acrylic acid, its ester or both into said distillation column and subjecting the mixture to distillation, feeding a fraction of the liquid mixture from the bottom of said distillation column to said reboiler through the pipe connecting said distillation column with said reboiler, supplying an oxygen containing gas to the fraction of the liquid mixture in at least one region of said pipe between said distillation column and an inlet of said reboiler and\/or in at least one region of said reboiler between said inlet and an inlet tube sheet of said reboiler, and feeding the resultant fraction of the liquid mixture back to said distillation column, wherein the formation of polymerization products in said reboiler are reduced.","label":"Process","id":385} +{"sentence":"Propylene polymers incorporating polyethylene macromersA polyolefin product is provided which comprises a branched olefin copolymer having an isotactic polypropylene backbone, polyethylene branches and, optionally, one or more comonomers. The total comonomer content of the branched olefin copolymer is from 0 to 20 mole percent. Also, the mass ratio of the isotactic polypropylene to the polyethylene ranges from 99.9:0.1 to 50:50. Additionally, a process is provided for preparing a branched olefin copolymer which comprises: a) copolymerizing ethylene, optionally with one or more copolymerizable monomers, in a polymerization reaction under conditions sufficient to form copolymer having greater than 40% chain end-group unsaturation; b) copolymerizing the product of a) with propylene and, optionally, one or more copolymerizable monomers, in a polymerization reactor under suitable polypropylene polymerization conditions using a chiral, stereorigid transition metal catalyst capable of producing isotactic polypropylene; and c) recovering a branched olefin copolymer.1. A branched olefin polymer having an isotactic polypropylene backbone, optionally comprising monomer units from one or more comonomers, and sidechains derived from macromers comprising: (a) vinyl ended ethylene homopolymer or ethylene coplymer chains having a number average molecular weight (Mn) of about 1500 to 25,154, the number average molecular weight being determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) at 145° C.; (b) a ratio of vinyl groups to total olefin groups according to the formula: (vinyl groups\/olefin groups)>(comonomer mole percentage+0.1) a ×10 a ×b z wherein a=−0.24 and b=0.8; or a=−0.20 and b=0.8; or a=−0.18 and b=0.83; or a=−0.15, b=0.83; or a=−0.10 and b=0.85; wherein: 1) the total number of vinyl groups per 1000 carbon atoms of the sidechains is greater than or equal to 8000÷Mn (as determined by 1 H-NMR at 125° C.); 2) the Mw\/Mn of the side chains ranges from 2.083 to 5.666; 3) the total comonomer content of the branched olefin copolymer is from 0 to 20 mole percent; and 4) the mass ratio of the isotactic polypropylene to the sidechains ranges from 99.9:0.1 to 50:50.","label":"HouseConst","id":386} +{"sentence":"Methods for preparing functionalized polymer and elastomeric compounds having reduced hysteresisAn anionic polymerization initiator comprising the reaction product of a functionalizing agent selected from the group consisting of substituted aldimines, ketimines and secondary amines and, an organolithium compound. Elastomeric polymers prepared with these initiators have functional sites incorporated at the initiator end of the polymer chain and provide vulcanizable rubber compounds exhibiting reduced hysteresis. Articles such as tires, produced with low hysteresis elastomeric polymers have lower rolling resistance. Methods are also provided for preparing the initiators, functionalized polymers and vulcanizable elastomeric compounds having reduced hysteresis.1. A method of preparing a functionalized polymer comprising the steps of: forming a solution of one or more anionically polymerizable monomers in a solvent; and polymerizing said monomers in the presence of an initiator comprising the reaction product of a functionalizing agent selected from the group consisting of substituted aldimines, ketimines and secondary amines; wherein said substituted aldimines have the general formula where R1is selected from the group consisting of alkyls and aralkyls having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, with the proviso that the carbon atom adjacent the nitrogen atom contains at least one hydrogen; R2is selected from the group consisting of dialkyl and dicycloalky aminos having the formula and cyclic amines having the formula where R4is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, cycloalkyls or aralkyls having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, where both R4'ss may be the same or different groups; R5contains from 3 to about 6 methylene groups; R3can be an alkyl group having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 0 to 4; said substituted ketimines have the formula where R1,R2,R3and n are as described hereinabove and R6is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, cycloalkyls, alkenyls and aralkyls having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and short chain length low molecular weight polymers from diolefin and vinyl aryl monomers having up to about 25 units; and said substituted secondary amines have the general formula where R1,R2,R3and n are as described hereinabove and R7is H or R; and an organolithium compound, wherein said organolithium compound has the general formula RLi where R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, cycloalkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, aryls and aralkyls having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and shore chain length low molecular weight polymers from diolefin and vinyl aryl monomers having up to about 25 units; wherein a functional group derived from said reaction product is incorporated onto said polymer at the initiator end and the lithium atom from said organolithium compound is carried at the other end of said polymer chain prior to quenching.","label":"Automobile","id":387} +{"sentence":"Method of preparing multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalysts with controlling pH and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using thereofThis invention relates to a method of preparing a multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst by changing the pH of a coprecipitation solution upon coprecipitation and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the catalyst. The multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst, coprecipitated using a solution having an adjusted pH, the preparation method thereof, and the method of preparing 1,3-butadiene through oxidative dehydrogenation using a C4 mixture including n-butene and n-butane as a reactant are provided. The C4 raffinate, containing many impurities, is directly used as a reactant without an additional process for separating n-butane or extracting n-butene, thus obtaining 1,3-butadiene at high yield. The activity of the multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst can be simply increased through precise pH adjustment upon coprecipitation, which is not disclosed in the conventional techniques. This method can be applied to the increase in the activity of multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalysts reported in the art.1. A method of preparing 1,3-butadiene, comprising: a) packing a multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst consisting of Bi, Ni, Fe and Mo as metal components in a fixed bed of a reactor; b) performing oxidative dehydrogenation while continuously passing a C4 raffinate-3 comprising n-butene and n-butane, air, and steam, as reactants, through a catalyst bed of the reactor, the C4 raffinate-3containing at least 20 wt % of n-butane; and c) obtaining 1,3-butadiene, wherein the multicomponent bismuth molybdate catalyst is prepared by the following steps comprising: a) preparing a first solution containing a Ni precursor, a Fe precursor, and a Bi precursor; b) preparing a second solution in which a Mo precursor is dissolved; c) coprecipitating the precursors of Bi, Ni, Fe, and Mo by adding the first solution to the second solution to obtain a coprecipitation solution while adding a 1-3 M alkaline solution in droplets thereto such that a pH of the coprecipitation solution is adjusted to 7-8; d) stirring the coprecipitation solution having the adjusted pH for 1-2 hours, and removing water therefrom, thus obtaining a solid component; and e) drying the solid component at 20-300° C., and then performing thermal treatment at 400-600° C., and wherein a conversion of n-butene is equal or higher than 60.3%, a selectivity for 1,3-butadiene is equal or higher than 90.8% and a 1,3-butadiene yield is equal or higher than 54.9%.","label":"Catalyst","id":388} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbing polymer particles with high swelling rate and high centrifuge retention capacity with simultaneously high permeability of the swollen gel bedA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles having high free swell rate and high centrifuge retention capacity with simultaneously high permeability of the swollen gel bed by polymerization of an aqueous monomer solution in a polymerization reactor having at least two shafts (kneaders) which rotate in an axially parallel manner, subsequent extrusion at high temperatures and thermal surface postcrosslinking.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing a monomer solution or suspension comprising a) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, d) optionally an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the monomer mentioned under a), and e) optionally one or more water-soluble polymer, in a polymerization reactor having at least two shafts rotating in an axially parallel manner, drying the resulting polymer gel, grinding the dried polymer gel, classifying and thermally surface postcrosslinking, which process comprises using at least 0.25% by weight of the crosslinker b), based on the unneutralized monomer a), extruding the polymer gel through a perforated plate prior to drying, the polymer gel during the extrusion having a temperature greater than 80° C. and less than 60 kWh\/t of specific mechanical energy being introduced in the course of extrusion, wherein the extruder has a ratio of length to diameter of less than 5.","label":"Household","id":389} +{"sentence":"Epoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester plasticizers and methods for making epoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester plasticizersEpoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters and methods for making epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters. Such epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters can be prepared by epoxidizing fatty acid alkyl esters with an acid and a peroxide. Epoxidation can be performed under controlled reaction conditions to provide epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters having an iodine value in the range of from 4 to 15 g I2\/100 g of epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters. Epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters can be employed in plasticizer compositions, either alone or in combination with other plasticizers, such as epoxidized natural oils. Such plasticizers in turn may be used in the formation of polymeric compositions.1. A plasticizer composition comprising: epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters, wherein said epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters have an iodine value in the range of from 7 to 10 g I2\/100 g of epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters, wherein said epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters have an oxirane oxygen content of at least 6 weight percent based on the entire weight of the epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters, wherein said epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters are prepared from esterified soybean oil, wherein said epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters have a hydrophilic impurities content of less than 0.8 weight percent based on the entire weight of said epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters.","label":"HouseConst","id":390} +{"sentence":"Polymerization processes using metallocene catalysts, their polymer products and end usesA process for the production of an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer is disclosed, the process including polymerizing ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin by contacting the ethylene and the at least one alpha-olefin with a metallocene catalyst in at least one gas phase reactor at a reactor pressure of from 0.7 to 70 bar and a reactor temperature of from 20° C. to 150° C. to form an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer. The resulting ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer may have a density D of 0.927 g\/cc or less, a melt index (I2) of from 0.1 to 100 dg\/min, a MWD of from 1.5 to 5.0. The resulting ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer may also have a peak melting temperature Tmax second melt satisfying the following relation: Tmax second melt>D*398−245.1. A process for the production of an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer comprising: polymerizing ethylene and at least one alpha-olefin by contacting the ethylene and the at least one alpha-olefin with a metallocene catalyst in at least one gas phase reactor at a reactor pressure of from 0.7 to 70 bar and a reactor temperature of from 20° C. to 150° C. to form an ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer, wherein the ethylene alpha-olefin copolymer is characterized by having a) a melt index (I2) of from 0.1 to 100 dg\/min, b) a MWD of from 1.5 to 5.0, c) a T75−T25 value of greater than 20, wherein T25 is the temperature at which 25% of the eluted polymer is obtained and T75 is the temperature at which 75% of the eluted polymer is obtained in a TREF experiment; d) a M60\/M90 value of greater than 1.5, wherein M60 is the molecular weight of the polymer fraction that elutes at 60° C. and M90 is the molecular weight of the polymer fraction that elutes at 90° C. in a TREF-LS experiment; and e) a density of from 0.9129 g\/cc to 0.9137 g\/cc.","label":"HouseConst","id":391} +{"sentence":"Process for producing thermally surface postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymer particlesA process for producing thermally surface postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymer particles, wherein the water-absorbing polymer particles are coated before, during or after the thermal surface postcrosslinking with at least one complex consisting of a polyvalent metal salt and a 2-hydroxycarboxamide.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing a monomer solution or suspension comprising i) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, ii) at least one crosslinker, iii) optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the monomer mentioned under i), and iv) optionally one or more water-soluble polymer, and drying, grinding, and classifying the resulting polymer gel, coating the resulting water-absorbing polymer particles with v) at least one surface postcrosslinker and thermally surface postcrosslinking, wherein the water-absorbing polymer particles are coated before, during, or after the thermal surface postcrosslinking with at least one complex consisting of a polyvalent metal salt of the general formula (I) Mn(X)a(OH)b  (I) and a 2-hydroxycarboxamide, in which M is at least one polyvalent metal cation, X is at least one acid anion, a is a number from 0 to n\/m, where m is the number of negative charges of the acid anion and n is the number of positive charges of the polyvalent metal cation, and b is a number from 0 to n.","label":"Household","id":392} +{"sentence":"Water tree resistant cable[00001] A composition comprising: (i) polyethylene, and, based on 100 parts by weight of component (i), (ii) about 0.3 to about 0.6 part by weight of 4,4′-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butylphenol); 4,4′-thiobis(2-t-butyl-5-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); or a mixture of said compounds, and (iii) about 0.4 to about 1 part by weight of a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of about 1000 to about 100,000.1. A composition comprising: (i) polyethylene, and based on 100 parts by weight of component (i), (ii) about 0.3 to about 0.6 part by weight of a thiobis phenolic antioxidant selected from the group consisting of 4,4′-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butylphenol); 4,4′-thiobis(2-t-butyl-5-methylphenol); 2,2′-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); or a mixture of said compounds; and (iii) about 0.4 to about 1 part by weight of a polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight in the range of about 1000 to about 100,000, wherein the composition being capable of (a) preparing a moldable, test plaque having (1) a MDR ts1 at 150 degrees C. of at least about 20, (2) a MDR ts1 at 140 degrees C. of at least about 50, (3) a retention of tensile strength of at least about 75% after two weeks of aging at 150 degrees C., (4) a retention of elongation of at least about 75% after two weeks of aging at 150 degrees C., (5) water tree resistance less than about 45%, and (6) sweatout of less than about 100 ppm of the thiobis phenolic antioxidant and (b) imparting water tree resistance to the insulation of cables prepared therefrom.","label":"HouseConst","id":393} +{"sentence":"Super absorbent composition intended for the production of sanitary articles of the underwear, diaper or disposable diaper type which do not develop unpleasant smellsCompositions which greatly diminish, or eliminate, unpleasant smells associated with the use of underwear and diapers are described. These compositions are composed of superabsorbent polymers of the p6lyacrylic type and of certain boron derivatives, in particular sodium tetraborate pentahydrate. The sanitary articles which incorporate these compositions do not develop unpleasant smells, ammoniacal or otherwise.1. A superabsorbent composition intended for the production of sanitary articles selected from the group consisting of underwear, diapers and disposable diapers, wherein the articles do not develop unpleasant smells, wherein the composition consisting essentially of: a superabsorbent polymer resulting from the polymerization, with partial crosslinking, of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers; and sodium tetraborate pentahydrate, in the proportion 0.1 to 10% by weight of sodium tetraborate pentahydrate, with respect to the superabsorbent composition, wherein the sodium tetraborate pentahydrate is impregnated in the polymer.","label":"Household","id":394} +{"sentence":"COMPOSITION CONTAINING POLYMERS, COLOURING AGENTS AND STABILISERSThe invention relates to a composition containing at least one piperidine compound of formula (I) as a stabiliser. In said formula (I) the variables R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, Y and the index n have the meanings cited in claim 1 and the description. Said composition also comprises a polymer component and a colouring agent. The invention further relates to a method for producing pigment-containing polymer compositions and to the use of the compounds of formula (I) as dispersing auxiliary agents.41 . A composition comprising: i) as stabilizer at least one piperidine compound of the formula (I) in which n is 1 or 2; R1, R2, R3, and R4each independently are C1-C4-alkyl, or R1and R2and\/or R3and R4, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, form a 4-, 5-, 6-, 7- or 8-membered ring; R5and R7each independently are hydrogen or C1-C4-alkyl; R6is hydrogen, oxyl, hydroxyl, acyl, C1-C40-alkyl or C2-C40-alkenyl, it being possible for the two last-mentioned radicals to be interrupted by one or more nonadjacent groups selected independently of one another from oxygen, sulfur, —NH—, and N(C1-C10-alkyl)-, and\/or to carry one or more substituents selected from cyano, hydroxyl, amino, and aryl, it being possible for aryl in turn to be substituted one or more times by C1-C4-alkyl, halogen, C1-C4-alkoxy, di(C1-C4-alkyl)amino, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy; R8is hydrogen or C1-C10-alkyl; and if n is 1 Y is hydrogen or is C1-C22-alkyl which is unsubstituted or is substituted one or more times by identical or different radicals Raand may be interrupted by one or more nonadjacent groups selected independently of one another from oxygen, sulfur, —NH— and N(C1-C10-alkyl)-; or Y is C3-C22-alkenyl, C3-C12-cycloalkyl, C6-C12-bicycloalkyl or C3-C10-cycloalkenyl, in which the four last-mentioned radicals may carry one or more radicals Ra, and C3-C12-cycloalkyl, C6-C12-bicycloalkyl, and C3-C10-cycloalkenyl additionally may carry one or more alkyl groups, or Y is aryl, in which aryl may be substituted one or more times by halogen, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy or di-(C1-C4-alkyl)amino; or Y is a heterocyclic ring which if appropriate carries one or more identical or different radicals selected from oxyl, hydroxyl, acyl, C1-C40-alkyl or C2-C40-alkenyl, it being possible for C1-C40-alkyl and C2-C40-alkenyl to be interrupted by one or more nonadjacent groups selected independently of one another from oxygen, sulfur, —NH— and N(C1-C10-alkyl)-, and\/or to carry one or more substituents selected independently of one another from cyano, hydroxyl, amino, and aryl, it being possible for aryl in turn to be substituted one or more times by C1-C4-alkyl, halogen, C1-C4-alkoxy, di(C1-C4-alkyl)amino, methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy; Rabeing cyano, amino, hydroxyl, hydroxy-C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, aryl or heterocyclyl, it being possible for the two last-mentioned radicals in turn to be substituted one or more times by halogen, hydroxyl, C1-C4-alkyl, C1-C4-alkoxy, C1-C4-alkoxycarbonyl, methylenedioxy, ethylenedioxy or di(C1-C4-alkyl)amino; and if n is 2 Y is a divalent group having 1 to 30 bridge atoms between the flanking bonds, the divalent group having structural units selected from alkylene, alkenylene, arylene, heterocyclylene and cycloalkylene, it being possible for alkylene and alkenylene to be interrupted one or more times by oxygen, sulfur, —NH— and —N(C1-C10-alkyl)-, and for arylene, heterocyclyl, and cycloalkylene to be substituted one or more times by C1-C4-alkyl; ii) at least one polymer; and iii) at least one colorant.","label":"HouseConst","id":395} +{"sentence":"Polyamine-Coated Superabsorbent PolymersPolyamine-coated superabsorbent polymer particles having a reduced tendency to agglomerate and having improved permeability properties are disclosed. A method of producing the polyamine coating using an ionic crosslinker also is disclosed.1 . A superabsorbent polymer particle comprising a base polymer having a surface coating comprising (a) a polyamine and (b) a salt having a polyvalent metal cation, a polyvalent anion, or both.","label":"Household","id":396} +{"sentence":"Method for polymerisation of (meth)acrylic acid in solution, polymer solutions obtained and their usesThe present invention relates to a new solvent-free preparation method of a (meth)acrylic acid polymer in solution, where said polymer has a molecular weight less than 8,000 g\/mol and a polydispersity IP index between 2 and 3 by radical polymerization, the polymers obtained by this means, and their applications in industry.1. A method for the organic solvent-free preparation of a (meth)acrylic acid polymer in solution, where said (meth)acrylic acid polymer has a molecular weight less than 8,000 g\/mol and a polydispersity IP index between 2 and 3, said method comprising: a) introducing water, and optionally a water-soluble metal salt-based catalyst, into a synthesis reactor, b) heating the synthesis reactor to a temperature of at least 60° C., c) continuously and simultaneously introducing into the reactor: b1) a (meth)acrylic acid monomer, b2) a compound of formula (I): wherein: X represents Na, K or H, and R represents an alkyl chain having from 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and b3) a polymerisation initiator, where the mass percentage (weight\/weight) between the compound of formula (I) and the (meth)acrylic acid monomer is 0.1-2.5%.","label":"Household","id":397} +{"sentence":"Attrition resistant catalysts, catalyst precursors and catalyst supports and process for preparing sameThis invention relates to highly attrition resistant catalysts, catalyst precursors and catalyst supports and to processes for making and using them.1. Process for the production of attrition resistant catalyst or catalyst support particles have an oxide-rich surface layer, the process comprising: (a) forming a slurry comprised of catalyst, catalyst precursor or catalyst support particles dispersed in a solution of a solute which consists essentially of said oxide precursor of particle size no greater than 5 nm, the relative amounts of the particles and oxide prcursor chosen so that the weight of the oxide formed steps (b) and\/or (c) is about 3-15% of the total weight of the particles and the oxide formed; and (b) spray drying the slurry to form porous microspheres of attrition spheres of attrition resistant catalyst, catalyst precursor or catalyst support particles; and (c) calcining the spray dried microspheres at an elevated temperature which is below the temperature which is substantially deleterious to the catalyst or catalyst support, to produce attrition resistant catalyst or catalyst support particles having said oxide-rich surface layer.","label":"Catalyst","id":398} +{"sentence":"Hydrophilic, highly swellable hydrogelsThe present invention relates to hydrophilic, highly swellable hydrogels which are coated with nonreactive, water-insoluble waxes in a quantity of from about 0.05 to about 2% by weight, based on uncoated hydrogel.1. A hydrophilic, highly swellable hydrogel, comprising a cross-linked hydrogel coated with about 0.05 to about 2% by weight of a non-reactive, water insoluble wax, the quantity of the wax is based on the quantity of the uncoated cross-linked hydrogel.","label":"Household","id":399} +{"sentence":"Processes and apparatus for continuous solution polymerizationThe invention relates to processes and plants for continuous solution polymerization. Such plant and processes include a pressure source, a polymerization reactor, downstream of said pressure source, pressure let-down device, downstream of said polymerization reactor, and a separator, downstream of said pressure let-down device, wherein said pressure source is sufficient to provide pressure to said reaction mixture during operation of said process plant to produce a single-phase liquid reaction mixture in said reactor and a two-phase liquid-liquid reaction mixture in said separator in the absence of an additional pressure source between said reactor and said separator.1. A process for continuous solution polymerization of a feed of olefinically unsaturated monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent under pressure, having a continuous stirred tank reactor arrangement to which a single site catalyst is supplied, to form a polymer containing polymerization reaction mixture, and downstream thereof separating means for continuous separation of the solvent and unreacted monomer from the mixture, which separating means includes at least an initial liquid phase separator to separate the polymerization mixture into a lean phase and a concentrated phase wherein A) a high capacity, low viscosity pump raises the pressure of the feed to at least 75 bar and causes the mixture to pass from the reactor arrangement through a heating stage up to a pressure reducing means upstream of the liquid phase separator through the action of the pump and in the absence of further pumping means between the reactor arrangement and the pressure reducing means; and B) a catalyst killer is added downstream of reactor arrangement and upstream of the liquid phase separator to suppress further polymerization in the separator of the heated polymerization mixture undergoing separation, the lean phase being passed through a cooler, and optionally a drier, back to the inlet side of the pump; the concentrated phase being subjected to additional solvent removal downstream to obtain a solid polymer.","label":"HouseConst","id":400} +{"sentence":"Method for determining properties of superabsorbent polymer particles and of absorbent structures containing such particlesA method for determining the time dependent effective permeability and the uptake kinetics of hydrogel-forming superabsorbent polymer particles under pressure.1. A method for determining the time dependent effective permeability and the uptake kinetics under pressure of superabsorbent polymer particles or an absorbent structure comprising superabsorbent polymer particles, the method comprising the steps of: a. providing dry, non-preswollen, non pre-wetted superabsorbent polymer particles on a screen to form a layer on the screen, wherein the bottom of the screen has pores, the pores having a dimension to allow liquid to pass through and to hinder the superabsorbent polymer particles from passing through; b. applying a weight onto the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particles layer; c. introducing a flow of hydrophilic liquid onto the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particles layer; and d. measuring and recording the weight of liquid passing through the superabsorbent polymer particles layer and the caliper of the superabsorbent polymer particles layer.","label":"Household","id":401} +{"sentence":"Process for producing phthalic acid estersA process for preparing phthalic acid esters of formula (I) which comprises reacting the phthalic acids of formula (II) with an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of the dialkyltinoxides of formula (III): wherein R and R1are the same or different and include both straight and branch chain aliphatic alkyl groups containing 4 to 13 carbon atoms and R2and R3are straight or branch chain aliphatic alkyl groups containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.1. A process for preparing phthalic acid esters of formula (I) which comprises reacting the phthalic acids of formula (II) with an aliphatic alcohol in the presence of a catalyst consisting essentially of the diakyltinoxides of formula (IV): wherein R and R1are the same or different and include both straight and branch chain aliphatic alkyl groups containing 4 to 13 carbon atoms and R2and R3are straight or branch chain aliphatic alkyl groups containing 1 to 8 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":402} +{"sentence":"POLYACRYLIC ACID (SALT), POLYACRYLIC ACID (SALT)-BASED WATER-ABSORBING RESIN, AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING SAMEDisclosed are a polyacrylate (salt) and a polyacrylate (salt) water-absorbent resin containing a tracer which can be verified back to the manufacturing process of the water-absorbent resin when dealing with various problems with the water-absorbent resin which can occur from the manufacturing process of the water-resistant resin, during the use thereof by a consumer, up until the disposal thereof. The disclosed polyacrylate (salt) and the polyacrylate (salt) water-absorbent resin have a carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C) of at least −20% when measured by accelerator mass spectrometry.27 . A polyacrylic acid (salt) having a carbon stable isotope ratio (δ13C) measured by accelerator mass spectrometry method of −20% or higher.","label":"Household","id":403} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articles with improved odor controlA technique for incorporating odor control agent particles into an absorbent article is provided. More specifically, the odor control particles are \"homogenously\" distributed (e.g., in a substantially uniform manner) within an airformed fiber matrix of an absorbent core of an absorbent article. An absorbent core containing such a homogeneously distributed odor control particles may possess a greater surface area for contacting malodorous compounds, thereby increasing the likelihood of odor reduction.1. A method for forming an absorbent web with odor control properties, the method comprising: treating a fibrous sheet with a coating formulation that comprises odor control particles; fiberizing the treated sheet to form a plurality of individual fibers; entraining the fibers in a gaseous stream; and thereafter, depositing the fibers onto a forming surface to form a web comprising odor control particles, wherein substantially all of the odor control particles in the web originate from the treated sheet.","label":"Household","id":404} +{"sentence":"Transition metal complex catalyzed processesTransition metal-poly-phosphite complex catalyzed carbonylation processes, especially hydroformylation, as well as transition metal-poly-phosphite ligand complex compositions.1. A hydroformylation process for producing aldehydes which comprises reacting an olefinically unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of alpha-olefins containing from 2 to 20 carbon atoms, internal olefins containing from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and mixtures of such alpha and internal olefins with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a rhodium-poly-phosphite complex catalyst consisting of rhodium complexed with carbon monoxide and a poly-phosphite ligand having the formula: wherein each Ar group contains from 6 to 18 carbon atoms and represents an identical or different, substituted or unsubstituted aryl radical; wherein X represents a m-valent radical containing from 2 to 30 carbon atoms, selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkylene-oxy-alkylene, arylene and arylene-(CH2)y--(Q)n--(CH2)y-arylene, wherein each arylene radical is the same as Ar defined above; wherein each y individually has a value of 0 or 1; wherein each Q individually represents a divalent bridging group selected from the class consisting of --CR1R2--, --O--, --S--, --NR3--, --SiR4R5-- and --CO--, wherein each R1and R2radical individually represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl, tolyl and anisyl, wherein each R3,R4,R5radical individually represents --H or --CH3; wherein each n has a value of 0 or 1; and wherein m has a value of 2 to 6; and in the presence of a free poly-phosphite ligand having a formula as defined by Formula I above; and wherein the hydroformylation reaction conditions comprise, a reaction temperature in the range of from about 50° C. to 120° C., a total gas pressure of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and olefinically unsaturated organic compound of from about 1 to about 1500 psia., a hydrogen partial pressure of from about 15 to about 160 psia., a carbon monoxide partial pressure of from about 1 to about 120 psia., and wherein the reaction medium contains from about 4 to about 100 moles of said poly-phosphite ligand per mole of rhodium in said medium.","label":"Catalyst","id":405} +{"sentence":"Process for depropanizing benzeneIn the alkylation of benzene with propylene in a distillation column reactor to produce cumene the overheads from the distillation reactor are fed to a depropanizer where the unreacted benzene is separated from C3's. Liquid propylene feed for the distillation column reactor is vaporized by indirect heat exchange with the overheads from the depropanizer to condense the overheads, thereby reducing the pressure in the depropanizer below what would be normally achieved with conventional condensing systems.1. A process which utilizes the heat of vaporization of liquid propylene to cool the overheads from a benzene recovery column, comprising fractionally distilling benzene containing dissolved C3'ss in a distillation column to vaporize and remove the C3'ss as overheads, contacting said vaporized C3'ss by indirect heat exchange with liquid propylene in a condenser where said liquid propylene is vaporized and the overheads are cooled and condensed, whereby the distillation column pressure is reduced by the refrigeration provided by the vaporized liquid propylene.","label":"Process","id":406} +{"sentence":"Process to produce enhanced melt strength ethylene\/α-olefin copolymers and articles thereofAn ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer comprising units derived from ethylene; and units derived from at least one α-olefin; wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer has a density in the range of from 0.90 to 0.94 g\/cc; a melt index (I2) in the range of from 0.05 to 50 dg\/min; an Mw\/Mn of from 3 to 5; and from 300 to 500 vinyl unsaturations per 1,000,000 carbon atoms in the ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer is provided. Also provided is a process for producing an ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer comprising: (1) polymerizing ethylene and one or more α-olefins in a polymerization reactor; (2) thereby producing an enhanced melt strength ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer having from 300 to 500 vinyl unsaturation units per 1,000,000 carbon atoms, a density in the range of from 0.90 to 0.94 g\/cc; a melt index (I2) in the range of from 0.05 to 50 dg\/min; and a Mw\/Mn of from 3 to 5.1. A blend comprising: an ethylene\/1-octene copolymer comprising units derived from ethylene and units derived from 1-octene, wherein the ethylene\/1-octene copolymer has a density in the range of from 0.921 to 0.94 g\/cc; a melt index (I2) in the range of 0.05 to 50 dg\/min; an Mw\/Mn of from 3 to 5; and from 300 to 350 vinyl unsaturations per 1,000,000 carbon atoms in the ethylene\/1-octene copolymer; and wherein the ethylene\/1-octene copolymer is produced using a polymerization step occurring at a temperature of at least 205° C.; and a low density polyethylene (LDPE).","label":"HouseConst","id":407} +{"sentence":"Use of temperature and ethylene partial pressure to introduce long chain branching in high density polyethyleneThe invention describes the preparation of long chain branching in high density polyethylene by using metallocene catalysts in the presence of ethylene.1. A long chain branched high density ethylene polymer having: at least 95 mol % ethylene; a density of from 0.950 g\/cm3to 0.96 g\/cm3; an Mw\/Mn of 4.5 or less; a melt index (190° C., 2.16 kg) of 5 dg\/min or less; an Mw within a range of from 68,945 to 133,530; a g′(Zave) within a range of from 0.89 to 0.925; high load melt index (190° C., 21.6 kg) within a range of from 2.16 to 108.35 dg\/min; a melt index ratio (MIR) within a range of from 31.43 to 64.73; and wherein polyethylene having an Mw of 1000 or less are present at less than 5 wt %, based upon the weight of the polyethylene polymer; and produced by a method of combining ethylene and a bridged or unbridged bis-indenyl or bis-tetrahydroindenyl metallocene catalyst compound.","label":"HouseConst","id":408} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR MAKING STYRENE USING MICROCHANNEL PROCESS TECHNOLOGYThe disclosed invention relates to a process for converting ethylbenzene to styrene, comprising: flowing a feed composition comprising ethylbenzene in at least one process microchannel in contact with at least one catalyst to dehydrogenate the ethylbenzene and form a product comprising styrene; exchanging heat between the process microchannel and at least one heat exchange channel in thermal contact with the process microchannel; and removing product from the process microchannel. Also disclosed is an apparatus comprising a process microchannel, a heat exchange channel, and a heat transfer wall positioned between the process microchannel and heat exchange channel wherein the heat transfer wall comprises a thermal resistance layer.179 . An apparatus, comprising: a process microchannel; a heat exchange channel; and a heat transfer wall positioned between the process microchannel and the heat exchange channel, the heat transfer wall comprising at least one thermal resistance layer.","label":"Process","id":409} +{"sentence":"POLYVINYL CHLORIDE RESIN COMPOSITION AND MANUFACTURING METHOD THEREFORA polyvinyl chloride resin composition contains: from 0.005 to 5 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol having structural units expressed by a formula (1); and from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a zinc compound, based on 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl chloride resin. A polyvinyl chloride resin composition is thereby provided that is good in thermal stability and less colored while being shaped and also allows to obtain a shaped article thereof having less rough surface and showing little loss of transparency after melt process. (R1and R2independently denote a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an acyl group, respectively. X denotes a single bond or an alkylene group having a carbon number of from 1 to 3 that may be mediated by an oxygen atom.)1 . A polyvinyl chloride resin composition comprising: from 0.005 to 5 parts by weight of a polyvinyl alcohol having structural units expressed by a formula (1); and from 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of a zinc compound, based on 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl chloride resin wherein R1and R2independently denote a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, or an acyl group, respectively, X denotes a single bond or an alkylene group having a carbon number of from 1 to 3 that may be mediated by an oxygen atom.","label":"HouseConst","id":410} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerizationA process for producing a novel-highly active lanthanide containing catalysts comprising products formed by reacting a lanthanide halide, and an electron doner ligand with an organometal cocatalyst component and its use in the polymerization of olefins, especially olefins such as ethylene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene and the like. In one embodiment, an organic base is used to increase catalyst activity in those instances where rare earth metal halide-ligand complex is formed with a ligand containing an acidic proton. In another embodiment, diolefins and vinyl aromatics are polymerized in a two-stage process employing a lanthanide complex-organometal cocatalyst in the first stage and a free radical initiator in the second stage.1. A process for the polymerization of olefins which comprises contacting at least one olefin under polymerization conditions in the presence of an organic base with a catalyst composition comprising a rare earth metal halide-ligand complex (component A) formed by admixing a rare earth metal halide and an electron donor ligand containing an acidic proton in a solvent or diluent to form a suspension of the complex and an organometal compound (component B).","label":"Automobile","id":411} +{"sentence":"Hybrid supported metallocene catalyst, method for preparing the same, and process for preparing polyolefin using the sameProvided are a hybrid supported metallocene catalyst, a method for preparing the same, and a process for preparing an olefin polymer using the same, and more particular, a hybrid supported metallocene catalyst characterized in that two kinds of metallocene compounds containing a new cyclopenta[b]fluorenyl transition metal compound are supported on an inorganic or organic porous carrier surface-treated with an ionic compound and a co-catalyst, a method for preparing the same, and a process for preparing an olefin polymer using the hybrid supported metallocene catalyst.1. A hybrid supported metallocene catalyst comprising a hybrid of a first metallocene compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 2 and a second metallocene compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 3, which hybrid is supported on a carrier surface-treated with an ionic compound represented by the following Chemical Formula 1 and a co-catalyst: X+Y−   in Chemical Formula 1, X+ is imidazolium ion, pyridinium ion, ammonium ion, phosphonium ion, sulfonium ion, pyrazolium ion, or pyrrolidium ion and substituted with (C1-C20)alkyl or (C6-C20)aryl substituted or unsubstituted with at least one functional group selected from —CN, —OH, —SO3H, —COOH, amino, —SiR11R12R13, (C1-C20)alkyl, and (C1-C20)alkoxy; Y− is BF4−, BCl4−, PF6−, AlCl4−, halogen−, CH3CO2−, CF3CO2−, CH3SO4−, CH3CH2SO4−, CF3SO3−, N(CN)2−, HCO3−, (CF3SO2)N−, SCN−, NO3−, SbF6−, Sb2F11−, MePhSO3−, (CF3SO2)2N−, (CF3SO2)3C−, (OR)2PO2−, Bu2PO2−, Et2PO2−, or HSO4−; R11 to R13 each are independently (C1-C20)alkyl or (C6-C30)aryl; R is (C1-C20)alkyl; Cp′L1M1L2m   in Chemical Formula 2, M1is a Group 4 transition metal in the Periodic Table of Elements; Cp′ is a fused ring including cyclopentadienyl or cyclopentadienyl ring capable of being η5-bonded to a central metal M1; L1is a fused ring containing cyclopentadiene or cyclopentadienyl ring, or an anion ligand including (C1-C20)hydrocarbon substituents and O, N, or P atoms; L2is a halogen atom, (C1-C20)alkyl, (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C20)alkyl, (C3-C20)cycloalkyl, (C1-C20)alkoxy, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C6-C30)aryl, —SiRaRbRc, —NRdRe, —OSiRfRgRh, or —PRiRj; Rato Rjeach are independently (C1-C20)alkyl or (C6-C30)aryl; m is an integer of 1 or 2; and Cp′ and L1are not connected to each other, or are connected via silicon or (C1-C4)alkenylene bond, the cyclopentadienyl ring or the fused ring containing the cyclopentadienyl ring of Cp′ and L1are further substituted with at least one selected from a group consisting of (C1-C20)alkyl, (C3-C20)cycloalkyl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C2-C20)alkenyl, and (C6-C30)aryl(C1-C20)alkyl; in Chemical Formula 3, M2is a Group 4 transition metal in the Periodic Table of Elements; n is an integer of 1 or 2, and when n is 2, R1(s) are the same as or different from each other; R1 is hydrogen, (C1-C20)alkyl, halo(C1-C20)alkyl, (C3-C20)cycloalkyl, (C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)ar(C1-C20)alkyl, ((C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C20)alkyl, -NRkR1, -SiRmRnRo, or 5- to 7-membered N-heterocycloalkyl containing at least one nitrogen atom; R2 and R3 each are independently, hydrogen, (C1-C20)alkyl, (C1-C20)alkoxy, halo(C1-C20)alkyl, (C3-C20)cycloalkyl, (C1-C20)aIkyl(C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryloxy, (C6-C30)ar(C1-C20)alkyl, ((C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C20)alkyl, -NRkR1, or -SiRmRnRo; R4, R5, R10, R11, and R12 each are independently(C1-C20)alkyl, halo(C1-C20)alkyl, (C3-C20)cycloalkyl, (C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C1-C20)alkoxy(C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)ar(C1-C20)alkyl, ((C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C20)alkyl, -NRkR1, or -SiRmRnRo; R6, R7, R8, and R9 each are independently hydrogen, (C1-C20)alkyl, halo(C1-C20)alkyl, (C3-C20)cycloalkyl, (C1-C20)alkoxy, (C6-C30)aryl, (C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)ar(C1-C20)alkyl, ((C1 -C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C20)alkyl, (C1-C20)alkoxy(C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryloxy, N-carbazolyl, -NRkR1, or -SiRmRnRoor linked to substitucnt adjacent thereto via (C1-C5)alkylene to form a ring, at least one CH2- of alkylene may be substituted by a hetero atom selected from -O-, -S-, and NR's-, and alkylene may be further substituted with (C1-C20)alkyl; R'sand Rkto ROeach are independently (C1-C20)alkyl or (C6-C30)aryl; and X1, and X2 each are independently halogen, (C1-C20)alkyl, (C2-C20)alkenyl, (C3-C20)cycloalkyl, (C6-C30)aryl, (C6-C30)ar(C1-C20)alkyl, ((C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryl)(C1-C20)alkyl, (C1-C20)alkoxy, (C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C20)alkyl(C6-C30)aryloxy, (C1-C20)alkoxy(C6-C30)aryloxy or (C1-C20)alkylidene.","label":"Catalyst","id":412} +{"sentence":"Citric esters and a process for their preparationMixtures of critic acid esters useful as plasticizers and a process of producing the same.1 . A mixture of citric esters comprising, based on the total weight of the ester, 5 to 40% by weight of tri-n-butyl citrate, 59 to 77% by weight of the compound of the formula wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are individually alkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, with the proviso that at least one R 1 , R 2 , or R 3 is n-butyl and the other two R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are not all simultaneously n-butyl, and 1 to 18% by weight of a compound of the general formula (I), with the proviso that R 1 , R 2 , and R 3 are identical or different but not n-butyl.","label":"HouseConst","id":413} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing neopentyl glycol by cracking high boilers occurring in the production processThe present invention relates to a process for obtaining neopentyl glycol by hydrogenating cracking of high-boilers occurring in the production process in the presence of copper-chromite catalysts. The hydrogenating cracking proceeds in the absence of solvent at a temperature of 140 to 220° C. and at pressures of 7 to 28 MPa.1. A process for obtaining neopentyl glycol from the high boilers formed in the reaction of formaldehyde with isobutyraldehyde, characterized in that the high boilers are separated off from the process for preparing neopentyl glycol and treated in the liquid phase with hydrogen in the absence of solvent and in the presence of a copper-chromite catalyst at a temperature of from 140 to 200° C. and a pressure of from 7 to 28 MPa in a separate hydrogenation reactor and the cracking products obtained are worked up by distillation.","label":"Process","id":414} +{"sentence":"Shell-and-tube apparatus having an intermediate tube plateA shell-and-tube apparatus, more specifically, a shell-and-tube reactor, which includes a vessel, at least one intermediate tube plate sectioning the interior of the vessel into at least two compartments having different temperatures, a number of heat transferring tubes penetrating the intermediate tube plate or plates, and a fluid passing through the tubes which is heated or cooled by a heat transfer medium surrounding the tubes. At least one insulation plate or plates are provided on one or both sides of the intermediate tube plate so that the space between the intermediate tube plate or plates and, if two or more insulation plates are used, the space or spaces between the insulation plates may be utilized as a stagnation zone for the heat transfer medium, so as to make the temperature gradient through the intermediate tube plate or plates gentle and relax the thermal stress occurring in the body wall. The reactor is particularly useful for production of (meth)acrolain and\/or (meth)acrylic acid by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propylene or butenes.1. A shell-and-tube apparatus which comprises a vessel, at least one intermediate tube plate sectioning the interior of the vessel into at least two compartments of different temperatures, plural heat transferring tubes fitted in apertures to penetrate the intermediate tube plate or plates, and prevent fluid transfer from one compartment to an adjacent compartment and through which a fluid passes and is heated or cooled by a heat transfer medium surrounding the tubes, at least one insulation plate provided adjacent at least one side of the intermediate tube plate; the space or spaces thus formed between said at least one insulation plate and adjacent plates providing a stagnation zone for the heat transfer medium.","label":"Process","id":415} +{"sentence":"Deodorizing absorbent sheetA deodorizing absorbent sheet having a water-insoluble deodorizer and an absorbent polymer which are embedded in a fiber web, wherein the absorbent polymer is fixed to the fibers making up the fiber web. The deodorizer is fixed inside the fiber web via the absorbent polymer. The deodorizer and absorbent polymer are substantially absent on the surface of the absorbent sheet.1. A deodorizing sheet having a water-insoluble deodorizer and an absorbent polymer which are embedded in a fiber web, in which said absorbent polymer is fixed to the fibers making up said fiber web, and said deodorizer is fixed inside said fiber web via said absorbent polymer, said deodorizer and said absorbent polymer being substantially absent on the surface of said sheet, said dedorizer being particulate and having a particle size of 50 to 600 μm and said absorbent polymer being a particulate polymer having a particle size of 50 to 600 μm.","label":"Household","id":416} +{"sentence":"Process for producing conjugated diene-based polymer, conjugated diene-based polymer, and conjugated diene-based polymer compositionThe present invention provides a process for producing a conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising polymerizing a monomer component containing a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound using a polymerization initiator represented by the following formula (1) wherein, R11represents a hydrocarbylene group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms, R12and R13represent a hydrocarbyl group optionally having a substituent, or a trihydrocarbylsilyl group, or R12and R13are bonded to represent a hydrocarbylene group optionally having, as a hetero atom, at least one kind atom selected from the atomic group consisting of a silicon atom, a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom.1. A process for producing a conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising polymerizing a monomer component containing a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound using a polymerization initiator represented by the following formula (1) wherein, R11represents a hydrocarbylene group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms and is a group represented by the following formula (1-A) CH2 nR14—  (1-A), wherein, R14represents a hydrocarbylene group comprised of a structural unit derived from a conjugated diene compound and\/or a structural unit derived from an aromatic vinyl compound, and n represents an integer of 1 to 10, R12and R13represent a hydrocarbyl group optionally having a substituent, or a trihydrocarbylsilyl group, or R12and R13are bonded to represent a hydrocarbylene group optionally having, as a hetero atom, at least one kind atom selected from the atomic group consisting of a silicon atom, a nitrogen atom and an oxygen atom, and M represents an alkali metal atom.","label":"Automobile","id":417} +{"sentence":"Outer sheath layer for power or communication cableThe present invention relates to a polyethylene composition, comprising a base resin which comprises (i) a first fraction which is an ethylene homo- or copolymer, and (ii) a second fraction which is an ethylene copolymer, wherein the first fraction (i) has a lower weight average molecular weight than the second fraction (ii), and the base resin has a density of less than 0.940 g\/cm3 and a shear thinning index SHI2.7\/210 of at least 25.1. A polyethylene composition, comprising a base resin which comprises (i) a first fraction which is an ethylene homo- or copolymer, and (ii) a second fraction which is an ethylene copolymer, wherein the first fraction (i) has a lower weight average molecular weight than the second fraction (ii), and the base resin has a density of less than 0.940 g\/cm3and a shear thinning index SHI2.7\/210 of at least 25; and wherein the base resin has a melt flow rate MFR21.6 kg\/190° C. of more than 40 g\/10 min.","label":"HouseConst","id":418} +{"sentence":"Process and equipment for drying a polymeric aerogel in the presence of a supercritical fluidA process for obtaining an aerogel from a polymeric material that is in the form a sol-gel in an organic solvent, by exchanging the organic solvent for a fluid having a critical temperature below a temperature of polymer decomposition, and supercritically drying the fluid\/sol-gel. The process is carried out in a semi-continuous mode that includes the steps of contacting the initial sol-gel with a stream of the fluid at different pressures and temperatures through n+1 pressure vessels A0to Anthat each have an inlet for fluid VIiand an outlet for effluent VOiwherein the n+1 pressure vessels are operated dependently on each other through a joint fluid supply system and a joint effluent treatment system so that the respective product in each of the pressure vessels A0to Anis submitted to the fluid in successive steps with pressure and temperature following a curve that never cuts the vaporization curve in the pressure-temperature diagram of FIG. 1.1. A process for obtaining an aerogel from a polymeric material that is in the form a sol-gel in an organic solvent, the process comprising the steps of: exchanging the organic solvent for a fluid having a critical temperature below a temperature of polymer decomposition; supercritical drying the fluid\/sol-gel; wherein the exchanging and supercritical drying steps are carried out in a semi-continuous mode that includes the steps of contacting the initial sol-gel with a stream of the fluid at different pressures and temperatures through n+1 pressure vessels A0to Anthat each have an inlet for fluid VIiand an outlet for effluent VOiwherein the n+1 pressure vessels are operated dependently on each other through a joint fluid supply system and a joint effluent treatment system so that the respective product in each of the pressure vessels A0to Anis submitted to the fluid in successive steps with pressure and temperature following a curve that never cuts the vaporization curve in the pressure-temperature diagram of FIG. 1.","label":"IndustConst","id":419} +{"sentence":"Process for forming multi-component oxide complex catalystsMulticomponent complex oxide catalysts based on bismuth molybdate, for example, are made by a technique in which the bismuth molybdate portion of the catalyst is preformed prior to combining with the remaining elements of the catalyst.1. In a process for producing a molybdate or tungstate oxide complex catalyst in which compounds capable of yielding said catalyst are combined together so as to form a pre-catalyst solid and the pre-catalyst solid is calcined in air to activate said pre-catalyst and thereby form said catalyst, the improvement wherein the key catalytic phase of said catalyst comprising a molybdate and\/or tungstate of Bi, Te, Sb, Sn, Cu or mixtures thereof is pre-formed prior to combining with the other elements in said catalyst; and further wherein none of the Group VIII elements in said catalyst, if any, is separately preformed into a molybdate or tungstate prior to combining with the key catalyst phase, said catalyst having a composition defined by the formula: [Equation] [MmNnOx]q[AaCbDcEdFeNfOy]p wherein M=bi, Te, Sb, Sn and\/or Cu N=mo and\/or W A=alkali, Tl, and\/or Sm C=ni, Co, Mn, Mg, Be, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Cd and\/or Hg D=fe, Cr, Ce, and\/or V E=p, as, B, Sb F=rare earth, Ti, Zr, Nb, Ta, Re, Ru, Rh Ag, Au, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Pb, Th, and\/or U, and further wherein a=0-4 b=0-20 c=0.01-20 d=0-4 e=0-8 f=8-16 m=0.01-10 n=0.1-30, and x and y are numbers such that the valence requirements of the other elements for oxygen in the key catalytic phase and the host-catalyst phase, respectively, are satisfied; and the ratio q\/p is 0.1 to 10.","label":"Catalyst","id":420} +{"sentence":"Method of preparing hydrophobic silicaThe present invention provides a method of treating silica, wherein dry silica is contacted with a reaction medium consisting essentially of concentrated aqueous acid and a hydrophobing agent selected from the group consisting of organosiloxanes and organochlorosilanes. The silica is then reacted with the hydrophobing agent in the reaction medium for about 90 minutes or less at a temperature from about 10° C. to about 40° C. to provide a hydrophobic treated silica. The hydrophobic treated silica then is recovered.1. A method of treating silica comprising: (a) contacting dry silica, selected from the group consisting of fumed silica, precipitated silica, silica xerogel, silica aerogel, and mixtures thereof, with a reaction medium consisting essentially of concentrated aqueous mineral acid and a hydrophobing agent selected from the group consisting of organosiloxanes and organochlorosilanes, (b) reacting said silica with said hydrophobing agent in said reaction medium for about 90 minutes or less at a temperature from about 10° C. to about 40° C. to provide a hydrophobic treated silica, and (c) recovering said hydrophobic treated silica.","label":"IndustConst","id":421} +{"sentence":"LAYERED AEROGEL COMPOSITES, RELATED AEROGEL MATERIALS, AND METHODS OF MANUFACTUREComposites comprising aerogel materials are generally described. Layered aerogel composites may be of great utility for a wide variety of applications including lightweight structures, ballistic panels, multilayer thermal and acoustic insulation, spacecraft reentry shielding, supercapacitors, batteries, acoustic insulation, and flexible garments. Layered aerogel composites may be prepared by combing layers of fiber-containing sheets and multisheet plies with aerogel materials. Composites comprising mechanically strong aerogels and reticulated aerogel structures are described. Various nanocomposite aerogel materials may be prepared to facilitate production of composites with desirable functions and properties. Layered aerogel composites and related aerogel materials described in the present disclosure have not been previously possible due to a lack of viable aerogel formulations, a lack of methods for adhering and joining aerogel materials to each other and other materials, and a lack of methods that enable combining of fibrous materials and aerogels into layered structures in the same material envelope. Aerogel composites described herein enable specific capabilities that have not been previously possible with aerogels or through other means, for example, the ability to efficiency slow impacts from bullets and other ballistic bodies using a lightweight (<2 g\/cm3density) material, bear load as structural members at a fraction of the weight of conventional technologies, or simultaneously serve as a structural or flexible material that stores electrical energy.80 . A structure comprising: at least one aerogel material; and at least one layer chemically bound to the at least one aerogel material, the at least one layer including at least one of a fibrous sheet, a plastic sheet, a plastic plate, a ceramic sheet, a ceramic plate and a multisheet ply, the multisheet ply including a plurality of fibrous sheets bonded together.","label":"IndustConst","id":422} +{"sentence":"Catalyst and process for conversion of hydrocarbonsAn improved process for converting hydrocarbons using a catalyst which is periodically regenerated to remove carbonaceous deposits, the catalyst being comprised of a mixture containing, as a major component, solid particles capable of promoting hydrocarbon conversion at hydrocarbon conversion conditions, and, as a minor component, discrete entities comprising at least one spinel, preferably alkaline earth metal-containing spinel; thereby reducing the amount of sulfur oxides exiting the catalyst regeneration zone. Improved hydrocarbon conversion catalysts are also disclosed.1. In a hydrocarbon conversion process for converting a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon feedstock which comprises (1) contacting said feedstock with solid particles capable of promoting the conversion of said feedstock at hydrocarbon conversion conditions in at least one reaction zone to produce at least one hydrocarbon product and to cause deactivating sulfur-containing carbonaceous material to be formed on said solid particles thereby forming deposit-containing particles; (2) contacting said deposit-containing particles with an oxygen-containing vaporous medium at conditions to combust at least a portion of said carbonaceous deposit material in at least one regeneration zone to thereby regenerate at least a portion of the hydrocarbon conversion catalytic activity of said solid particles and to form a regeneration zone flue gas containing sulfur trioxide; and (3) repeating steps (1) and (2) periodically, the improvement which comprises, using, in intimate admixture with said solid particles, a minor amount of discrete entities having a composition different from said solid particles and comprising at least one metal-containing spinel including a first metal and a second metal having a valence higher than the valence of said first metal, the atomic ratio of said first metal to said second metal in said spinel is at least about 0.17 and said spinel having a surface area in the range of about 25 m2\/gm. to about 600 m2\/gm., said discrete entities being present in an amount sufficient to reduce the amount of sulfur oxides in said flue gas.","label":"Catalyst","id":423} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene polymers and articles made therefromMetallocene-catalyzed polyethylene polymers and articles made therefrom are provided.1. A polyethylene polymer comprising at least 65 wt % ethylene derived units, based upon the total weight of the polymer, the polymer having: a melt index (MI) from about 0.1 g\/10 min to about 2.0 g\/10 min; a density from about 0.910 g\/cm3 to about 0.918 g\/cm3; a melt index ratio (MIR) from about 35 to about 55; a molecular weight (Mw) of about 85,000 or greater; and a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of about 2.5 to about 5.5.","label":"HouseConst","id":424} +{"sentence":"Process for making organofunctional silanes and mixtures thereofA process is provided for preparing organofunctional silanes, inclusive of dimers and oligomers, in which individual silanes possess both free and blocked mercaptan functionality or particular mixtures of the organofunctional silanes possess both free and blocked mercaptan functionality. The organofunctional silanes and silane mixtures are useful, inter alia, as coupling agents for elastomeric compositions, e.g., rubber formulations employed in the manufacture of tires, where they exhibit a desirable balance of low scorch and good performance properties.1. A process for making an organofunctional silane composition possessing mercaptan functionality and blocked mercaptan functionality which comprises: a) reacting at least one silane reactant possessing mercaptan functionality or blocked mercaptan functionality and further possessing at least one transesterifiable group with at least one polyhydroxy-containing compound under transesterification conditions to provide said organofunctional silane composition; and, optionally, b) treating part or all of the organofunctional silane composition resulting from step (a) to convert part of the blocked mercaptan functionality, if present therein, to mercaptan functionality, or to convert part of the mercaptan functionality, if present therein, to blocked mercaptan functionality, the organofunctional silane composition resulting from step (a) and\/or step (b) containing at least one organofunctional silane selected from the group consisting of: (i) mercaptosilane possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group and\/or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, (ii) blocked mercaptosilane possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group and\/or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, (iii) mercaptosilane dimer in which the silicon atoms of the mercaptosilane units are bonded to each other through a bridging dialkoxy group, each silane unit optionally possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, (iv) blocked mercaptosilane dimer in which the silicon atoms of the blocked mercaptosilane units are bonded to each other through a bridging dialkoxy group, each silane unit optionally possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, (v) silane dimer possessing a mercaptosilane unit the silicon atom of which is bonded to the silicon atom of a blocked mercaptosilane unit through a bridging dialkoxy group, each silane unit optionally possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, (vi) mercaptosilane oligomer in which the silicon atoms of adjacent mercaptosilane units are bonded to each other through a bridging dialkoxy group, the terminal mercaptosilane units possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, (vii) blocked mercaptosilane oligomer in which the silicon atoms of adjacent blocked mercaptosilane units are bonded to each other through a bridging dialkoxy group, the terminal mercaptosilane units possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, and (viii) silane oligomer possessing at least one mercaptosilane unit and at least one blocked mercaptosilane unit, the silicon atoms of adjacent silane units being bonded to each other through a bridging dialkoxy group, the terminal silane units possessing at least one hydroxyalkoxysilyl group or a cyclic dialkoxysilyl group, with the provisio that, where the organofunctional silane composition resulting from step (a) contains one or more of (i), (iii) and (vi), said composition is combined with one or more of (ii), (iv), (v), (vii) and (viii), and where the organofunctional silane composition resulting from step (a) contains one or more of (ii), (iv) and (vii), said composition is combined with one or more of (i), (iii), (v), (vi) and (viii).","label":"Automobile","id":425} +{"sentence":"Substituted indenyl unbridged metallocenesUnbridged metallocenes of titanium, zirconium and hafnium having an unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl radical and an indenyl radical having in at least one of the 1, 2, or 3 positions a substitutent selected from hydrocarbon radicals and trialkylsilyl radicals, and their use in the polymerization of olefins.1. An unbridged metallocene of the formula (In)(Cp)MQ2wherein In is a substituted indenyl radical having a substitutent in at least one of the 1, 2, or 3 positions, said substituents being selected from phenyl radical, alkyl radicals having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and trialkylsilyl radicals wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 4 carbons; Cp is an unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl radical; M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium; and each Q is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl radicals having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxy radicals having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aryloxy radicals having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, hydrogen, and halides.","label":"Catalyst","id":426} +{"sentence":"Method for producing butadiene from n-butaneA process for preparing butadiene, comprising A) providing a stream (a) comprising n-butane; B) feeding stream (a) comprising into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidatively catalytically dehydrogenating n-butane to obtain a stream (b) comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen and low-boiling secondary constituents; C) feeding stream (b) and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butane, 1-butene and 2-butene to obtain a stream (c) comprising n-butane, 2-butene, butadiene, low-boiling secondary constituents, carbon oxides and steam, wherein stream (c) has a higher content of butadiene than stream (b); D) removing the low-boiling secondary constituents and steam to obtain a stream (d) substantially consisting of n-butane, 2-butene and butadiene; E) separating stream (d) into a stream (e1) consisting substantially of n-butane and 2-butene and a stream (e2) consisting substantially of butadiene by extractive distillation; F) recycling stream (e1) into the first dehydrogenation zone.1. A process for preparing butadiene from n-butane, comprising A) providing a feed gas stream (a) comprising n-butane; B) feeding said feed gas stream (a) into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidatively catalytically dehydrogenating n-butane to obtain a product gas stream (b) comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen, and low-boiling secondary constituents, and optionally comprising carbon oxides and\/or steam; C) feeding said product gas stream (b) and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butane, 1-butene and 2-butene to obtain a product gas stream (c) comprising n-butane, 2-butene, butadiene, low-boiling secondary constituents, carbon oxides, and steam, said product gas stream (c) having a higher content of butadiene than product gas stream (b); D) removing said low-boiling secondary constituents and steam from said product gas stream (c) to obtain a C4 product gas stream (d) substantially comprising n-butane, 2-butene and butadiene; E) separating by extractive distillation said C4 product gas stream (d) into a stream (e1) substantially comprising n-butane and 2-butene and a product-of-value stream (e2) substantially comprising butadiene; F) recycling said stream (e1) into said first dehydrogenation zone; wherein at least a portion of the oxygen remaining in said product gas streams (c) and\/or (d) after C) or D) is removed by reacting it catalytically with hydrogen.","label":"Process","id":427} +{"sentence":"Heteropoly acids supported on polyoxometallate salts and their preparationAlkanes are converted to unsaturated carboxylic acids by contacting an alkane with an oxidizing agent and a heteropolyacid supported on wide pore polyoxometallate salts.1. A process of preparing a porous cesium polyoxometallate, having the formula CsaH(e-a) (XkMm-xM'sxM"nOy)-e,where X is a Group IIIB, IVB, VB, VIB or transition metal; M is molybdenum or tungsten or combinations thereof; M's is vanadium; M" is independently zinc or a transition metal different from M and M's, or combination thereof; a is the number of cesium cations; e is the charge of anion (XkMm-xM'sxM"nOy); k is 1 to 5, m is 5 to 17, x is 0 to 3; n is 0 to 3 and y is 18 to 62; and having pore volumes in the range from 0.01 to 0.25 ml\/g and a pore size distribution such that over approximately 60% of said pores have radii greater than approximately 75 .ANG.; said process comprising steps of: (a) mixing a solution of cesium salt with a concentration in the range of approximately 0.05 to 1 mole\/liter with a solution of heteropolyacid with the formula He(XkM12-xM'sxM"nO40)-ewith a concentration in the range of approximately 0.05 to 1 mole\/liter at a rate in the range of approximately 0.5 to 20 ml\/minute; (b) precipitating said polyoxometallate at a temperature in the range from approximately 25 to 100° C. to yield a slurry comprising polyoxometallate precipitate; (c) drying said polyoxometallate precipitate; and (d) calcining said polyoxometallate precipitate.","label":"Catalyst","id":428} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbent resin particleProvided is a method for producing water-absorbent resin particles suitable for use in absorbent article and the like, the water-absorbent resin particles having better water-absorbent performance, a suitable particle size, and a narrow particle-size distribution. A method for producing water-absorbent resin particles by reversed-phase suspension polymerization of a water-soluble ethylenic unsaturated monomer in a carrier fluid, wherein the method for producing water-absorbent resin particles comprises conducting the reversed-phase suspension polymerization reaction in the presence of an organic acid monoglyceride.1. A method for producing water-absorbent resin particles by subjecting a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to reversed-phase suspension polymerization in a dispersion medium, the method comprising performing the reversed-phase suspension polymerization in the presence of an organic acid monoglyceride, wherein the organic acid monoglyceride is a compound in which a fatty acid is ester-bonded with one of three hydroxyl groups in glycerol, and at least one of the glycerol'ss two remaining hydroxyl groups is ester bonded with an organic acid.","label":"Household","id":429} +{"sentence":"Functionalized monomers for synthesis of rubbery polymersThis invention discloses a process for synthesizing an amine functionalized monomer that comprises (1) reacting a secondary amine with a 2,3-dihalopropene to produce a vinyl halide containing secondary amine having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent allyl, alkoxyl or alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein X represents a halogen atom, and wherein m represents an integer from 4 to about 10, and wherein X represents a halogen atom; and (2) reacting the vinyl halide containing secondary amine with a vinyl magnesium halide to produce the monomer having a structural formula wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent alkyl, allyl or alkoxyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein m represents an integer from about 4 to about 10.1. A functionalized rubbery polymer wherein said functionalized rubbery polymer is a polymer of at least one of isoprene and 1,3-butadiene; or styrene and at least one of isoprene and 1,3-butadiene, with a functionalized monomer selected from the group consisting of structural formula: wherein n represents an integer from 0 to about 10 and wherein m represents an integer from 0 to about 10, with the proviso that the sum of n and m is at least 4; wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent allyl groups or alkoxy groups containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; wherein n represents an integer from 1 to about 10, and wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent alkyl groups containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; wherein n represents an integer from 1 to about 10 and wherein m represents an integer from 4 to about 10; wherein x represents an integer from about 1 to about 10, wherein n represents an integer from 0 to about 10 and wherein m represents an integer from 0 to about 10, with the proviso that the sum of n and m is at least 4; and wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, wherein n represents an integer from 0 to about 10, and wherein m represents an integer from 0 to about 10, with the proviso that the sum of n and m is at least 4.","label":"Automobile","id":430} +{"sentence":"Aqueous coating composition and floor polishing compositionAn aqueous coating composition useful as a floor polishing agent is disclosed. The composition comprises (A) an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer obtained by the emulsion polymerization of (a) an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, (b) a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer, and (c) other monomers polymerizable with the monomers (a) and (b), (B) an unsaturated monomer curable with energy rays, and (C) a photoinitiator. The floor polishing agent containing the aqueous coating composition exhibits excellent delamination properties and dry buff applicability.1. An aqueous coating composition comprising: (A) 100 parts by weight on a solid component basis of an aqueous dispersion of a copolymer having a weight average molecular weight of 200,000 or more obtained by the emulsion polymerization of a mixture of mono-ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising (a) 5-30 wt % of an ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer, (b) 10-80 wt % of a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester monomer, and (c) 0-85 wt % of a monomer polymerizable with the monomers (a) and (b), wherein the total of monomers (a), (b), and (c) is 100 wt %, (B) 0.01-200 parts by weight of at least one unsaturated monomer curable with energy rays, and (C) a photoinitiator in an amount of 0.5-10 parts by weight for 100 parts by weight of the component (B).","label":"Household","id":431} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymers, the production and use thereofWater-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymers obtainable by (I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture which comprises (a) monoethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acidic groups and are at least 50 mol % neutralized, (b) with or without other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, (c) crosslinkers, (d) initiators, (e) 0.1-20% by weight of at least one surfactant, (f) with or without at least one solubilizer and (g) with or without thickeners, foam stabilizers, polymerization regulators, fillers and\/or cell nucleating agents, where the foaming takes place by dispersing fine bubbles of a gas which is inert to free radicals, and (II) polymerizing the foamed mixture to form an expanded hydrogel and adjusting the water content of the expanded polymer to 1-45% by weight, a process for their production and their use in hygiene articles employed to absorb body fluids and in dressing material for covering wounds.1. A water-absorbing, expanded, crosslinked polymer obtainable by (I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture consisting essentially of (a) a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer which contains an acidic group and which is at least 50 mol % neutralized; (b) a crosslinker, (c) 0.1-20% by weight of at least one surfactant, wherein the foaming takes place by dispersing fine bubbles of a gas inert to free radicals from an external source, (II) adding an initiator thereto, and (III) polymerizing the foamed mixture to form an expanded hydrogel and adjusting the water content of the expanded polymer to 1-45% by weight.","label":"Household","id":432} +{"sentence":"Metallocene monohalogenidesNovel metallocene monohalides can be used in the polymerization of olefins.1. A compound of the formula (I), where M is Ti, Zr or Hf, R1are identical or different and are each a radical Si(R12)3, where R12are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom or a C1–C40-group, or R1is a C1–C30-group, or two or more radicals R1 may be connected to one another in such a way that the radicals R1and the atoms of the cyclopentadienyl ring which connect them form a C4–C24-ring system which may in turn be substituted, R2are identical or different and are each a radical Si(R12, where R12are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom or a C1–C40-group, or R2is a C1–C30-group, or two or more radicals R2may be connected to one another in such a way that the radicals R2and the atoms of the cyclopentadienyl ring which connected them form a C4–C24-ring system which may in turn be substituted, R3 is C7–C30-alkylaryl, fluorinated C6–C24-aryl, or fluorinated C7–C30-alkylaryl, X is a halogen atom, n is from 0 to 4, n′ is from to 4, k is 1, B is a bridging structural element between the two cyclopentadienyl rings defined as M3R13R14, wherein M3is carbon or silicon and R13and R14are identical or different and are C1–C10-alkyl, C6–C14-aryl or trimethyl silyl, and one or both cyclopentadienyl rings are substituted in such a way that they form an indenyl ring.","label":"Construct","id":433} +{"sentence":"METALLOCENE COMPOUNDS BASED ON ETHANEDIYL-BRIDGED INDENE AND CYCLOPENTADITHIOPHENE LIGANDSA metallocene compound of formula (I) Wherein M is an atom of a transition metal; X, is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a hydrocarbon group optionally containing heteroatoms R1and R2, equal to or different from each other, are C1-C40 hydrocarbon radical optionally containing heteroatoms; R3is a C1-C40 hydrocarbon radical optionally containing heteroatoms; R4, R5, R6and R7, equal to or different from each other, are hydrogen atoms or C1-C40 hydrocarbon radical optionally containing heteroatoms or groups among R4, R5, R6and R7can also be joined to form a from 4 to 7 membered ring.1 . A metallocene compound of formula (I): wherein M is an atom of a transition metal selected from those belonging to group 3, 4, or to the lanthanide or actinide groups in the Periodic Table of the Elements; X, equal to or different from each other, is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an R, OR, OSO2CF3, OCOR, SR, NR2 or PR2 group wherein R is a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, C1-C40-alkyl, C2-C40 alkenyl, C2-C40 alkynyl, C6-C40-aryl, C7-C40-alkylaryl or C7-C40-arylalkyl radical; optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; or two X groups can be joined together to form a group OR′O wherein R′ is a C1-C20-alkylidene, C6-C20-arylidene, C7-C20-alkylarylidene, or C7-C20-arylalkylidene radical; R1and R2, equal to or different from each other, are C1-C40 hydrocarbon radicals optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; R3is a C1-C40 hydrocarbon radical optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; R4, R5, R6and R7, equal to or different from each other, are hydrogen atoms or C1-C40 hydrocarbon radicals optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements or groups among R4, R5, R6and R7can also be joined to form a from 4 to 7 membered ring.","label":"Catalyst","id":434} +{"sentence":"Method for production of conjugated diolefinThere is provided a method for production of a conjugated diene from a monoolefin having four or more carbon atoms by a fluidized bed reaction. The method for production of a conjugated diolefin includes bringing a catalyst in which an oxide is supported on a carrier into contact with a monoolefin having four or more carbon atoms in a fluidized bed reactor in which the catalyst and oxygen are present, wherein the method satisfies the following (1) to (3): (1) the catalyst contains Mo, Bi, and Fe; (2) a reaction temperature is in the range of 300 to 420° C.; and (3) an oxygen concentration in a reactor outlet gas is in the range of 0.05 to 3.0% by volume.1. A method for production of a conjugated diolefin comprising bringing a catalyst in which an oxide is supported on a carrier into contact with a monoolefin having four carbon atoms in a fluidized bed reactor in which the catalyst and oxygen are present, wherein the method satisfies the following (1) to (3): (1) the oxide contains Mo, Bi, and Fe; (2) a reaction temperature is in a range of 300 to 420° C.; and (3) an oxygen concentration in a reactor outlet gas is in a range of 0.05 to 0.7% by volume; wherein the oxide is represented by the following empirical formula: Mo12BipFegAaBbCcDdEeOx wherein A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel and cobalt; B is at least one element selected from alkali metal elements; C is at least one element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, zinc, and manganese; D is at least one rare earth element; E is at least one element selected from the group consisting of chromium, indium, and gallium; O is oxygen; p, q, a, b, c, d, e, and x represent an atomic ratio of bismuth, iron, A, B, C, D, E, and oxygen, respectively, to 12 molybdenum atoms; 0.1≦p≦5, 0.5≦q≦8, 1.7≦a≦10, 0.02≦b≦2, 0.5≦c≦5, 0.02≦d≦5, and 0≦e≦5 are satisfied; and x is the number of oxygen atoms required for satisfying the valence requirement of the other elements present.","label":"Catalyst","id":435} +{"sentence":"Semi-Supported Dehydrogenation CatalystA catalyst having at least 5 weight percent of an alumina compound useful for the dehydrogenation of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons to alkenylaromatic hydrocarbons and methods of use are disclosed.1 . A catalyst comprising: 30 to 90 weight percent of an iron compound; 1 to 50 weight percent of an alkali metal compound; and at least 5 weight percent of an alumina compound.","label":"Catalyst","id":436} +{"sentence":"Process for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of N-Butenes to ButadieneThe invention relates to a process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene, which comprises two or more production steps (i) and at least one regeneration step (ii), in which (i) in one production step, a starting gas mixture comprising n-butenes is mixed with an oxygen-comprising gas and brought into contact with a multimetal oxide catalyst which comprises at least molybdenum and a further metal and is arranged in a fixed catalyst bed in a fixed-bed reactor at a temperature of from 220 to 490° C., and, before the relative decrease in conversion at constant temperature is >25%, (ii) in a regeneration step, the multimetal oxide catalyst is regenerated by passing an oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture at a temperature of from 200 to 450° C. over the fixed catalyst bed and burning off the carbon deposited on the catalyst, where a regeneration step (ii) is carried out between two production steps (i), wherein from 2 to 50% by weight of the carbon deposited on the catalyst is burnt off per regeneration step (ii).1 . A process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene, which comprises two or more production steps (i) and at least one regeneration step (ii), in which (i) in one production step, a starting gas mixture comprising n-butenes is mixed with an oxygen-comprising gas and brought into contact with a multimetal oxide catalyst which comprises at least molybdenum and a further metal and is arranged in a fixed catalyst bed in a fixed-bed reactor at a temperature of from 220 to 490° C., and, before the relative decrease in conversion at constant temperature is >25%, (ii) in a regeneration step, the multimetal oxide catalyst is regenerated by passing an oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture at a temperature of from 200 to 450° C. over the fixed catalyst bed and burning off the carbon deposited on the catalyst, where a regeneration step (ii) is carried out between two production steps (i), wherein from 2 to 50% by weight of the carbon deposited on the catalyst is burnt off per regeneration step (ii).","label":"Process","id":437} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization catalyst and process for the polymerization of olefins using the sameA catalyst for olefin (co)polymerization, comprising a solid catalyst component employing chelated transition metal compound supported on inorganic magnesium compound and organoaluminum compound; and a process for olefin (co)polymerization using the catalyst.1. A catalyst for olefin (co)polymerization, comprising: (a) a solid catalyst component employing chelated transition metal compound supported on inorganic magnesium compound, wherein the chelated transition metal compound is represented by Formula (I), Wherein, M is group IV transition metal; X is halide; A and B independently contain an element O, S, Se, N, P, or Si that form chelate bond with transition metal M; R is aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon to form five membered ring with element A, B, and transition metal M; (b) organoaluminum compound represented by R'snAlCl3-n where R's is aliphatic hydrocarbon and n is 2 or 3, and which does not employ methylaluminoxane (MAO).","label":"HouseConst","id":438} +{"sentence":"Catalytic oxidation of alkanes to corresponding acidsA mixed metal oxide Mo—V—Ga—Pd—Nb—X catalytic system, where X is selected from La, Te, and Zn, provides the oxidation of C 2 -C 8 hydrocarbons to corresponding acids with a molecular oxygen-containing gas.1. A process for oxidation of C 2 -C 8 alkane and alkane hydrocarbons to corresponding acids comprising contacting said hydrocarbons under oxygenating conditions with a mixed metal oxide catalyst system containing a catalyst composition comprising Mo d V b Ga c Pd d Nb e X f wherein: X=at least one element selected from La, Te, and Zn; a is 1; b is 0.01 to 0.9; 010 at a temperature in the range from 20 to 120° C. for 1 to 300 hours.1. A process for preparing a supported hydrogenation catalyst with increased hydrogenation activity, which comprises a hydrogenating metal and an oxide of a hydrogenating metal on an Al2O3-containing support material, said calcined supported hydrogenation catalyst being treated before or after the final shaping thereof and before use thereof in the hydrogenation with a base solution having a pH of >10 at a temperature in the range from 20 to 120° C. for 1 to 300 hours, and wherein an oxidic material comprising copper oxide and aluminum oxide and at least one of the oxides of iron, lanthanum, tungsten, molybdenum, titanium, zirconium, tin or manganese is provided, pulverulent metallic copper, copper flakes, pulverulent cement, graphite or a mixture thereof is added to the oxidic material and the resulting mixture is shaped to a shaped body.","label":"Process","id":518} +{"sentence":"Polymer compositions comprising terephthalatesThe invention is directed to plasticized compositions comprising esters of terephthalic acid, particularly PVC compositions.1. A plastisol composition comprising PVC, a first plasticizer of di-isoheptyl terephthalate, and a second plasticizer; wherein the plastisol composition comprises 40 wt % or more of the first plasticizer and the second plasticizer, based upon the total weight of the plastisol composition: wherein the composition further comprises a di-isononyl phthalate, di-2-ethyl hexyl phthalate, di-2-propyl heptyl phthalate, di-2-ethyl hexyl cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester, a citrate ester, an aromatic acid mono- or di-ester of phenol, an mono-, di-, or tri-ester of glycerol, trimethyl propanol, pentaerytheritol, or mixtures thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":519} +{"sentence":"Conveyance method for water-absorbing resin powder substance[Problem] To provide a pneumatic conveyance method for a water-absorbing resin powder substance, which is capable of suppressing property decrease of the water-absorbing resin powder substance, while suppressing obstruction phenomenon. [Solution] A conveyance method for a water-absorbing resin powder substance by pneumatic conveyance of the water-absorbing resin powder substance during a production step via a transportation pipeline, wherein a variation of a solid-gas ratio (R 1 \/R 2 ) exceeds 1 and is equal to or smaller than 7, provided that R 1 (kg-resin\/kg-air) stands for an initial solid-gas ratio at a start point of the transportation pipeline, and R 2 (kg-resin\/kg-air) stands for a terminal solid-gas ratio at a terminal point of the transportation pipeline is provided.1. A conveyance method for a water-absorbing resin powder substance, the method comprising a step of pneumatically transporting the water-absorbing resin powder substance during production thereof via a transportation pipeline, wherein R 1 \/R 2 exceeds 1 and is equal to or lower than 7, in which R 1 (kg-resin\/kg-air) stands for a solid-gas ratio at the point where the resin powder substance enters the transportation pipeline, R 1 is 35 to 150 (kg-resin\/kg-air), R 2 (kg-resin\/kg-air) stands for a solid-gas ratio at the point where the resin powder substance exits the transportation pipeline, and R 2 is 20 to 50 (kg-resin\/kg-air), wherein values of R 1 \/R 2 are manipulated by introducing secondary air.","label":"Household","id":520} +{"sentence":"WATER-ABSORBING RESIN AND PREPARING METHOD THEREOFA water-absorbing resin and a method of preparing the same, and more specifically, to a method of preparing the water-absorbing resin includes crosslinking and polymerization of an unsaturated monomer including an acrylic acid monomer in the presence of a first internal crosslinking agent and a second internal crosslinking agent having a lower reactivity than the first internal crosslinking agent, thereby preparing a water-absorbing resin having significantly improved absorbency due to a uniform crosslinking structure and a suitable degree of crosslinking.1 . A method of preparing a water-absorbing resin, the method comprising: crosslinking and polymerizing an unsaturated monomer including an acrylic acid monomer in the presence of a first internal crosslinking agent and a second internal crosslinking agent having a lower reactivity than the first internal crosslinking agent.","label":"Household","id":521} +{"sentence":"Method for manufacture of an absorbent resinAn absorbent resin is produced by a method which comprises adding to 100 parts by weight of an absorbent resin powder an aqueous liquid containing 7 to 100 parts by weight of water and a reducing substance in the presence of 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble fine powders and surfactants. The absorbent resin thus produced excels in absorption properties and exhibits a low residual monomer content.1. A method for the production of an absorbent resin (5) which comprises adding to 100 parts be weight of an absorbent resin powder (1) (a) 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble fine powders (2) and surfactants (3), (b) an aqueous liquid containing 7 to 100 parts by weight of water and reducing substance (4).","label":"Household","id":522} +{"sentence":"Bimetallic complexes and polymerization catalysts therefromGroup 3-6 or Lanthanide metal complexes possessing two metal centers, catalysts derived therefrom by combining the same with strong Lewis acids, Bronsted acid salts, salts containing a cationic oxidizing agent or subjected to bulk electrolysis in the presence of compatible, inert non-coordinating anions and the use of such catalysts for polymerizing olefins, diolefins and\/or acetylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed.1. A bimetallic complex corresponding to the formula: wherein: M and M's are independently Group 3, 4, 5, 6, or Lanthanide metals; L is a divalent group (or trivalent group if bound to Q) having up to 50 nonhydrogen atoms and containing an aromatic π-system through which the group is bound to M, said L also being bound to Z; L's is a monovalent group or a divalent group (if bound to L's or Q), or a trivalent group if bound to both L's and Q) having up to 50 nonhydrogen atoms and containing an aromatic c-system through which the group is bound to M's; L" is a monovalent group or a divalent group (if bound to L's or Q), or a trivalent group if bound to both L's and Q) having up to 50 nonhydrogen atoms and containing an aromatic π-system through which the group is bound to M's, or L" is a moiety comprising boron or a member of Group 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and optionally also comprising nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or oxygen, said L's having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms; Z is a moiety comprising boron or a member of Group 14 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and optionally also comprising nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or oxygen, said Z having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms; X and X's independently each occurrence are anionic ligand groups having up to 40 atoms exclusive of the class of ligands containing an aromatic π-system through which the group is bound to M or M's, or optionally two X groups or two X's groups together form a C4-40conjugated or nonconjugated diene optionally substituted with one or more hydrocarbyl, silyl, halocarbyl, or halohydrocarbyl groups; X" independently each occurrence is a neutral ligating compound having up to 20 atoms; Q is a divalent anionic ligand group bound at one terminus to either Z or L and bound at the remaining terminus to either L's or L", said Q having up to 20 nonhydrogen atoms; x and x's are independently integers from 0 to 3, selected to provide charge balance; and x" is a number from 0 to 3.","label":"Catalyst","id":523} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbent polymer particles with a higher permeability by polymerising droplets of a monomer solutionA process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads with high permeability by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution, comprising monomers bearing acid groups, in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, wherein the monomer solution comprises polyvalent cations and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm.1. A process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads comprising polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing acid groups, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, and d) water, in a gas phase surrounding each of the individual droplets, wherein the monomer solution comprises polyvalent cations and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm.","label":"Household","id":524} +{"sentence":"Polymerization of vinyl chloride with t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate and perester peroxideThere is provided a process of producing a vinyl chloride polymer wherein vinyl chloride monomer or a monomeric mixture containing vinyl chloride monomer is suspension polymerized in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization initiator and a suspending agent in an aqueous medium in a polymerization vessel, said process comprising providing, as the oil-soluble polymerization initiator, a mixture of (A) t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate with (B) a perester peroxide other than said t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate, said perester peroxide being such that a 10-hour half-life period temperature of a benzene solution of said peroxide dissolved in an amount of 0.1 mole per 1 liter of benzene is 44 to 55° C.; and completing the polymerization at a temperature higher than a preset temperature for the polymerization by from 10 to 20° C. when or after the internal pressure of the polymerization vessel begin to drop at the terminal stage of the polymerization reaction. According to this process, it is possible to obtain a vinyl chloride polymer good in quality, particularly with low initial discoloration when processed into formed products, at a good yield in a short period of polymerization time.1. A process for producing a vinyl chloride polymer, comprising: (a) polymerizing in suspension vinyl chloride monomer or a monomeric mixture containing vinyl chloride monomer in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization initiator and a suspending agent in an aqueous medium in a polymerization vessel at a preset temperature for polymerization of 58° C. or more, wherein said oil-soluble polymerization initiator is a mixture of: (A) t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate and (B) a perester peroxide other than said t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate, said perester peroxide having a 10 hour half-life period temperature of 44 to 55° C. in the form of a benzene solution in which said peroxide is dissolved in an amount of 0.1 mole per liter of benzene; and (b) completing the polymerization at a temperature higher than said preset temperature for the polymerization by from 10 to 20° C. when or after the internal pressure in the polymerization vessel begin to drop at the stage where a polymerization conversion has reached 62% or more; wherein the resulting vinyl chloride polymer has an average polymerization degree of 850 or less.","label":"HouseConst","id":525} +{"sentence":"Multimodal polyolefin resin and molded product prepared therefromMultimodal polyolefin resin having excellent characteristics such as moldability, mechanical strength, external appearance and a polyolefin resin molded product are disclosed. The polyolefin resin satisfies all requirements of following (1) to (5), (1) density (d): 0.934 to 0.963 g\/cm3, (2) melt flow index (MIE, 190° C., 2.16 kg load condition): 0.01 to 1.0 g\/10 minutes, (3) ratio of weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and number-average molecular weight (Mn) measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) (Mw\/Mn, Molecular weight distribution (MWD)): 12 to 60, (4) at least two peaks appear when the molecular weight of the polyolefin resin is measured with GPC, and (5) amount of polyolefin having Mw of 10,000 or less exceeds 15 weight % and amount of polyolefin having Mw of 1,000,000 or more exceeds 1.5 weight %, when the molecular weight of the polyolefin resin is measured with GPC.1. A pipe including a polyolefin resin satisfying all of the following requirements (1) to (7), (1) density (d): 0.934 to 0.963 g\/cm3, (2) melt flow index (MIE, 190° C., 2.16 kg load): 0.01 to 1.0 g\/10 minutes, (3) ratio of weight-average molecular weight (Mw) and number-average molecular weight (Mn) measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC) (Mw\/Mn, Molecular weight distribution (MWD)): 12 to 60, (4) at least two peaks appear when molecular weight of the polyolefin resin is measured with GPC, wherein one peak (MLp) of the at least two peaks indicating the lowest molecular weight appears at 20,000 g\/mol or less, and the other peak (MHp) indicating the highest molecular weight appears between 100,000 g\/mol and 400,000 g\/mol, and (5) amount of polyolefin having molecular weight of 10,000 or less exceeds 15 weight % and amount of polyolefin having molecular weight of 1,000,000 or more exceeds 1.5 weight %, when measured with GPC, (6) a fail time of the polyolefin resin exceeds 200 hours in a hydraulic pressure endurance test (KS M ISO 1167) and a PENT test (ASTM D1473) under a temperature of 95° C. and a pressure of 3.7 Mpa, and (7) the weight-average molecular weight (Mw, measured by Gel Permeation Chromatography (GPC)) of the polyolefin resin is 100,000 to 400,000, and wherein the polyolefin resin is prepared by a catalyst composition comprising at least one organometallic compound represented by the following Formula 1, a first at least one organic transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 2, a second at least one organic transition metal compound represented by the following Formula 3, and aluminoxane, M1R1lR2mR3n  [Formula 1] M2R4pXg  [Formula 2] [R5-Q-R6]M2X2  [Formula 3] wherein in Formulas 1, 2 and 3, M1is an element of Group 1, 2, 12, 13 or 14 in the Periodic Table, M2is titanium(Ti), zirconium(Zr) or hafnium(Hf), R1, R4, R5and R6each is independently a cyclic hydrocarbyl group of 5 to 30 carbon atoms having at least 2 conjugated double bonds, R2and R3are independently a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 24 carbon atoms, X is a halogen atom, l is an integer of 1 to the valence of M1, m and n are independently an integer of 0 to 2, and l+m+n is equal to the valence of M1, p is an integer of 0 to 2, q is an integer of 2 to 4, p+q is equal to the valence of M2, Q is a divalent group selected from (CR72)b, (SiR72)b, (GeR72)b, NR7and PR7which connects R5and R6, wherein substituents R7are independently hydrogen atom, hydrocarbonyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, b is an integer of 1 to 4, when Q is (CR72)b, (SiR72)b, (GeR72)b, two substituents R7connected to carbon(C), silicon(Si), germanium(Ge) are connected to each other to form a ring of 2 to 7 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":526} +{"sentence":"Distillative preparation of IPDA having a high cis\/trans isomer ratioThe invention relates to a process for recovering 3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trim-ethylcyclohexylamine (isophoronediamine, IPDA) having a fractionally distilled cis\/trans isomer ratio of at least 73\/27. The process includes the following steps: a) providing IPDA in a cis\/trans isomer ratio of <73\/27; b) feeding IPDA into the middle region of a distillation column having internals and distilling the IPDA in this distillation column at a temperature of from 5 to 300.degree. C. and a pressure of from 10 to 2000 mbar; c) optionally further distilling the IPDA obtained by step b) in at least one further column, and thus further purifying the IPDA; where steps b) and optionally c) separate the IPDA used in step a) into at least five fractions ia) to iv): ia) the organic proportion of a fraction of impurities having lower boiling points than tans-IPDA, ib) the aqueous proportion of a fraction of impurities having lower boiling points than trans-IPDA, ii) a fraction of impurities having higher boiling points than cis-IPDA, v) an IPDA fraction having a cis\/trans isomer ratio of ≧73\/27 and vi) a depleted IPDA fraction having a cis\/trans isomer ratio of ≦66\/34.1. A process for recovering 3-aminomethyl-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexylamine (isophoronediamine, IPDA) having a fractionally distilled cis\/tran isomer ratio of at least 73\/27, which comprises the following steps: a. providing IPDA in a cis\/tran isomer ratio of <73\/27; and b. feeding IPDA into the middle region of a distillation column having internals and distilling the IPDA in this distillation column at a temperature of from 5 to 300° C. and a pressure of from 10 to 2000 mbar; and c. optionally further distilling the IPDA obtained by step b) in at least one further column, and thus further purifying the IPDA; where steps b) and optionally c) separate the IPDA used in step a) into at least five fractions ia) to iv): ia) an organic proportion of a fraction of impurities having lower boiling points than trans-IPDA, ib) an aqueous proportion of a fraction of impurities having lower boiling points than trans-IPDA, ii) a fraction of impurities having higher boiling points than cis-IPDA, iii) an IPDA fraction having a cis\/trans isomer ratio of ≧73\/27 and iv) a depleted IPDA fraction having a cis\/trans isomer ratio of ≦66\/34.","label":"Process","id":527} +{"sentence":"Claylinked polymer gels in new physical forms, methods for their formation and uses thereofA fiber, film or foam includes a plasticizer and a charged claylinked gel (A). The charged claylinked gel (A) includes clay nanoparticles (C) which are crosslinked by a charged polymer (A′) such that any particular clay nanoparticle is linked to at least one other clay nanoparticle by the charged polymer (A′). Methods for producing the fibers, film and foam are also provided.1. A fibre, film or foam comprising: a. a plasticizer and b. a charged claylinked gel, said charged claylinked gel comprising clay nanoparticles which are crosslinked by a charged polymer such that any particular one of the clay nanoparticles is linked to at least one another one of the clay nanoparticles by said charged polymer.","label":"Household","id":528} +{"sentence":"Melt-Extrusion Film and Stretched FilmA melt-extrusion film formed by melt-extruding a resin composition containing (A) a specific amorphous polyolefin typified by an ethylene\/norbornene copolymer and (B) a specific phosphite ester or aliphatic ester, wherein the number of gels having a size of 20 μm or larger and existing in the film is 100 pieces\/g or less.1 . A melt-extrusion film formed by melt-extruding a resin composition containing (A) 100 parts by weight of an amorphous polyolefin having an ethylene unit of the following formula (a1) and a cycloolefin unit of the following formula (a2) and having a glass transition temperature in the range of 100 to 180° C., and (B) 0.005 to 2 parts by weight of at least one member of the following components (B1) to (B6), the content of 0.005 to 2 parts by weight being a total content of the components (B1) to (B6) contained, wherein the number of gels having a size of 20 μm or larger in the film is 100 pieces\/g or less, wherein q is an integer of 0 to 4, each of R1, R2, R3and R4is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, R1and R2may be bonded to each other, or R3and R4may be bonded to each other, to form an alkylidene group, R1and R3may be combined with carbons to which they are bonded, or R2and R4may be combined with carbons to which they are bonded, to form a ring and said ring may have a double bond, (B1) a compound of the following formula (I), wherein each of a plurality of R5s and R6s is independently a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms and R7is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a group of the following formula (1), wherein each of R8and a plurality of R9s is independently a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, (B2) a compound of the following formula (II), wherein each of a plurality of R10s and R11s is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkylcycloalkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, each of a plurality of R12s is independently a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, X is a single bond, a sulfur atom or a group of —CHR14— in which R14is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, A is a single bond, an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms or a group of *—COR5— in which R15is a single bond, a methylene group or an alkylene group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms and * represents a bonding to an oxygen side, R13is an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or a group of the following formula (2), wherein each of R16and R17is independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkylcycloalkyl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms or a phenyl group, one of Y and Z is a hydroxyl group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an aralkyloxy group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms and the other of Y and Z is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, (B3) a partially esterified product or wholly esterified product from a monohydric or polyhydric alcohol having 1 to 20 carbon atoms and a fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, (B4) a fatty acid having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, (B5) a monohydric or polyhydric aliphatic alcohol having 10 to 30 carbon atoms, and (B6) a compound of the following formula (III), wherein each of a plurality of R18s and R19s is independently a hydrogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":529} +{"sentence":"Preparation of heterogeneous catalysts used in selective hydrogenation of glycerin to propene, and a process for the selective hydrogenation of glycerin to propeneThe present invention relates to a process of formulating and preparing supported multi-metal catalysts based on metal oxides and inorganic salts of metals. The impregnation technique is employed by two methods: the slurry method and the modified-pH variation method, which are used in two steps for obtaining the catalyst. The present invention also relates to a process called Glycerol to Propene (GTP) process, corresponding to the transformation of glycerol or glycerin to propene. The reaction involved in the process of the present invention is the selective hydrogenation of glycerin, which takes place by contact of the charge of glycerin carried by hydrogen in a continuous stream system on the catalytic bed containing multi-metal catalysts, specifically prepared for this purpose.1. A process for selective hydrogenation of glycerin, characterized in that it comprises reacting a feed of glycerin and hydrogen on a multi-metal catalyst comprised by metals of group VI-B of the Periodic Table of Elements and iron (Fe), or their respective oxides, supported on a material selected from activated charcoal powder, aluminosilicates, aluminas, clays, zeolites and molecular sieves, at a temperature ranging from 150° C. to 550° C., under a pressure ranging from 0 kgf\/cm2to 200 kgf\/cm2, glycerin\/H2 molar ratio ranging from 1:5 to 1:1000, and glycerin space velocity ranging from 2.0 h−1to 20 h−1, for selectively converting glycerin to propene.","label":"Catalyst","id":530} +{"sentence":"Modified conjugated diene-based polymer and production method therefor, rubber composition and tireIn a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, a ratio of a coupling polymer, obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), is 70% by mass or more based on a total amount of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and a modification ratio obtained by adsorption GPC is 70% by mass or more based on a total amount of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and when Mooney viscosity ML1+4 (100° C.) measured at 100° C. is represented by ML and a weight average molecular weight obtained by GPC is represented by Mw, ML≤1.8 (Mw×10−4)−31.5, and Mooney viscosity ML1+4 (100° C.) measured at 100° C. is 30 to 150.1. A modified conjugated diene-based polymer, wherein a ratio of a coupling polymer, obtained by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), is 70% by mass or more based on a total amount of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and a modification ratio obtained by adsorption GPC is 70% by mass or more based on a total amount of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer, wherein, when Mooney viscosity ML1+4 (100° C.) measured at 100° C. is represented by ML and a weight average molecular weight obtained by GPC is represented by Mw, ML≤1.8 (Mw×10−4)−31.5, wherein Mooney viscosity ML1+4 (100° C.) measured at 100° C. is 30 to 150, and wherein when a peak top molecular weight, obtained by GPC, of a coupling polymer of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer is represented by Mp1 and a peak top molecular weight of a non-coupling polymer of a conjugated diene-based polymer chain constituting the modified conjugated diene-based polymer is represented by Mp2, (Mp1\/Mp2)≥3.4.","label":"Automobile","id":531} +{"sentence":"Preparation of mixed metal oxide catalysts for catalytic oxidation of olefins to unsaturated aldehydesA process for making a catalyst containing oxides of molybdenum, bismuth, iron, cesium and, optionally, other metals, such as tungsten, cobalt, nickel, antimony, magnesium, zinc, phosphorus, potassium, rubidium, thallium, manganese, barium, chromium, boron, sulfur, silicon, aluminum, titanium, cerium, tellurium, tin, vanadium, zirconium, lead, cadmium, copper and niobium wherein metal compounds are dissolved and then precipitated as a catalyst precursor which is calcined to form a mixed metal oxide catalyst. The process of the present invention uses an organic acid, such as acetic acid, instead of nitric acid to dissolve the bismuth compound and, optionally, other metal compounds. The catalyst synthesized by this process may be used for the production of unsaturated aldehydes, such as methacrolein, by gas phase catalytic oxidation of olefins, such as isobutylene.1. A process for preparing a catalyst for the oxidation of an olefin to an unsaturated aldehyde comprising: a) dissolving a bismuth compound to form a solution or a slurry in an organic acid; b) bringing the bismuth compound in contact with a molybdenum compound, an iron compound, and a cesium compound in the solution or slurry; c) removing liquid from the solution or the slurry to form a solid; d) drying the solid; and e) calcining the solid to form oxides of the metals to form a catalyst having the general formula: Mo12BiaFecCsgOx wherein a is in the range from 0.1 to 1.5, c is in the range from 0.2 to 5.0, g is in the range from 0.1 to 1.5 and x is determined by the valences of the other components.","label":"Catalyst","id":532} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing agent and production process therefor, and water-absorbent structureThe present invention provides: a novel water-absorbing agent, which exhibits an excellent absorption capacity under a load (AAP), gel layer liquid permeation rate under a load (FRUP), saline flow conductivity (SFC), and shape-maintaining property and ball burst strength (BBS) of a swollen water-absorbing agent aggregate, and excellent persistency of these effects for a long time. The water-absorbing agent, which comprises a polymer obtained by a process including the steps of polymerizing and then crosslinking a monomer including acrylic acid and\/or a salt thereof, with the water-absorbing agent being characterized by: (1) exhibiting a free swelling capacity of not less than 23 g\/g (GV), a gel deformation of not more than 12.5 cm under a short-time load (0.5 hrPT), and a gel deformation deterioration of not more than 3.5 cm under a load with the passage of time (ΔPT); (2) exhibiting a free swelling capacity of not less than 23 g\/g (GV), a ball burst strength of not less than 80 gf (BBS), and a deterioration of ball burst strength of not more than 40% (DBBS); or (3) exhibiting a free swelling capacity of not less than 23 g\/g (GV), an absorption capacity of not less than 20 g\/g under a load of 4.9 kPa (AAP), and a gel deformation of not more than 12.5 cm under a load (16 hrPT).1. A water-absorbing agent, which comprises a polymer obtained by a process including the steps of polymerizing and then cross linking a monomer including acrylic acid and\/or a salt thereof, with the water-absorbing agent being characterized by exhibiting a free swelling capacity of not less than 23 g\/g (GV), an absorption capacity of not less than 20 g\/g under a load of 4.9 kPa (AAP), and a gel deformation of not more than 12.5 cm under a load (16 hrPT).","label":"Household","id":533} +{"sentence":"PLASTICIZERS COMPRISING POLY(TRIMETHYLENE ETHER) GLYCOL ESTERSPlasticizers comprising monoesters and\/or diesters of poly(trimethylene ether)glycol are provided. The plasticizers can be used in plasticizing a variety of base polymers.1 . A polymer composition, comprising an effective amount of plasticizer in an aliphatic polyamide base polymer, wherein the plasticizer comprises an aromatic ester of poly(trimethylene ether)glycol.","label":"HouseConst","id":534} +{"sentence":"Preparation of conjugated diene polymers modified with an organo-tin or germanium halideA process for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer which comprises the steps of (I) polymerizing a conjugated diene in an inert organic solvent in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a lanthanum series rare earth element compound, (b) an organoaluminum compound represented by the general formula, AlR1R2R3(wherein R1,R2and R3which may be same or different, are hydrogen atoms or hydrocarbon groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least one of R1,R2and R3is said hydrocarbon group) and, if necessary, at least one member selected from the group consisting of (c) a Lewis acid and\/or (d) a Lewis base, and then (II) modifying the resulting reactive polymer with a modifying compound of the general formula, R4nMX4-n(wherein R4is an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group, M is a tin atom, X is a halogen atom, and n is an integer of 1 to 3).1. A process for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer which comprises the steps of (I) polymerizing a conjugated diene in an inert organic solvent in the presence of a catalyst comprising (a) a lanthanum series rare earth metal compound, (b) an organoaluminum compound represented by the general formula, AlR1R2R3(wherein R1,R2and R3,which may be same or different, are hydrogen atoms or hydrocarbon groups of 1 to 8 carbon atoms and at least one of R1,R2and R3is said hydrogencarbon group) and, if necessary, (c) a Lewis acid and\/or (d) a Lewis base and (II) modifying the resulting reactive polymer with a modifying compound of an organometal halide compound represented by the general formula, R4nMX4-n(wherein R4is an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group, M is a tin atom, X is a halogen atom, and n is an integer of 1 to 3),","label":"Automobile","id":535} +{"sentence":"Catalyst composition comprising shuttling agent for higher olefin multi-block copolymer formationCopolymers, especially multi-block copolymer containing therein two or more segments or blocks differing in chemical or physical properties, are prepared by polymerizing propylene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, or other C4-8α-olefin and one or more copolymerizable comonomers, especially ethylene in the presence of a composition comprising the admixture or reaction product resulting from combining: (A) a first metal complex olefin polymerization catalyst, (B) a second metal complex olefin polymerization catalyst capable of preparing polymers differing in chemical or physical properties from the polymer prepared by catalyst (A) under equivalent polymerization conditions, and (C) a chain shuttling agent.1. A copolymer formed by polymerizing propylene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, styrene, or another C4-20 α-olefin, and a copolymerizable comonomer in the presence of a composition comprising the admixture or reaction product resulting from combining: (A) a first olefin polymerization catalyst comprising a complex corresponding to the formula R20is an aromatic or inertly substituted aromatic group containing from 5 to 20 atoms not counting hydrogen, or a polyvalent derivative thereof; T3is a hydrocarbylene or silane group having from 1 to 20 atoms not counting hydrogen, or an inertly substituted derivative thereof; M3is a Group 4 metal; G is an anionic, neutral or dianionic ligand group; g is a number from 1 to 5 indicating the number of G groups; and bonds and electron donative interactions are represented by lines and arrows respectively; (B) a second olefin polymerization catalyst capable of preparing polymers differing in chemical or physical properties from the polymer prepared by catalyst (A) under equivalent polymerization conditions; and (C) a chain shuttling agent.","label":"Construct","id":536} +{"sentence":"Zinc and enzyme toothpowder dentifriceThere is disclosed in this specification an improved composition for reducing dental plaque and calculus formation, comprising zinc ions and an organoleptically acceptable enzyme, which may be a protease, carbohydrase, or lipase, or mixtures of these enzymes.1. A fluoride-free tooth powder capable of reducing dental plaque and calculus consisting essentially of: (a) about 0.1% to about 30% of a non-enzyme bound, pharmaceutically acceptable zinc acetate, benzoate, borate, carbonate, citrate, dl-lactate trihydrate, phenolsulfonate, silicate, an alkanoate having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, salicylate, stannate, sulfate, tannate or titanate; (b) from about 0.1% to about 30% of an enzyme preparation selected from the group consisting of a protease, a carbohydrase, a lipase and mixtures thereof; and (c) about 50% to about 99% dental polishing agent.","label":"IndustConst","id":537} +{"sentence":"VAPOR-DEPOSITED COATING FOR BARRIER FILMS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAMEA barrier film including a substrate, a base polymer layer applied on a major surface of the substrate, an oxide layer applied on the base polymer layer, and a protective polymer layer applied on the oxide layer. The protective polymer layer is formed as the reaction product of a first (meth)acryloyl compound and a (meth)acryl-silane compound derived from a Michael reaction between a second (meth)acryloyl compound and an aminosilane. The first and second (meth)acryloyl compounds may be the same. In some embodiments, a multiplicity of alternating layers of the oxide layer and the protective polymer layer may be used. An oxide layer can be applied over the top protective polymer layer. The barrier films provide, in some embodiments, enhanced resistance to moisture and improved peel strength adhesion of the protective polymer layer(s) to the underlying layers. A process of making, and methods of using the barrier film are also described.1 . A barrier film, comprising: a substrate; a base polymer layer on a major surface of the substrate; an oxide layer on the base polymer layer; and a protective polymer layer on the oxide layer, wherein the protective polymer layer comprises a reaction product of: a first (meth)acryloyl compound, and a (meth)acryl-silane compound derived from a Michael reaction between a second (meth)acryloyl compound and an aminosilane, optionally wherein the first (meth)acryloyl compound is the same as the second (meth)acryloyl compound.","label":"Automobile","id":538} +{"sentence":"Modified zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalystsImproved oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts are prepared by modifying a zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst with manganese oxide. The resulting catalyst compositions exhibit higher conversions and yields.1. A novel catalyst composition suitable for oxidative dehydrogenation or organic compounds consisting of zinc ferrite compositing having the empirical formula [Equation] ZnxFeyOz wherein x is from about 0.1 to about 2, y is from 0.3 to about 12, and z is from about 3 to about 18 and additionally containing free manganese oxide as a promoter in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 wt.% based on the weight of the zinc ferrite composition.","label":"Catalyst","id":539} +{"sentence":"High pressure free radical polymerizationsA process is provided to form an ethylene-based polymer, in the presence of at least one free-radical, said process comprises at least the following: polymerizing a mixture comprising ethylene, in a reactor configuration comprising at least three reaction zones, and comprising two ethylene feed streams, and wherein the ratio (RLCBf40%), in percent, of the \"LCB content of the first 40 wt % of the total polymer formed\" to \"the total LCB content in the final polymer\" is ≤22.5%; and wherein the amount of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to the first reaction zone, is from 40 mole % to 80 mole %, based on the total moles of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to the polymerization.1. A process to form an ethylene-based polymer, in the presence of at least one free-radical, said process comprises at least the following: polymerizing a mixture comprising ethylene, in a reactor configuration comprising at least three reaction zones, and comprising two ethylene feed streams, and wherein the ratio (RLCBf 40%), in percent, of the "LCB content of the first 40 wt % of the total polymer formed" to "the total LCB content in the final polymer" is ≤22.5%; and wherein the amount of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to a first reaction zone of the at least three reaction zones, is from 40 mole % to 80 mole %, based on the total moles of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to the polymerization.","label":"HouseConst","id":540} +{"sentence":"Method for forming anti-reflection coating and optical elementA method for forming an anti-reflection coating of alkali-treated silica aerogel on a substrate, comprising the steps of hydrolyzing and polymerizing alkoxysilane in the presence of a base catalyst to prepare an alkaline sol, adding an acid catalyst to the alkaline sol to carry out further hydrolysis and polymerization to prepare a first acidic sol, hydrolyzing and polymerizing alkoxysilane in the presence of an acid catalyst to prepare a second acidic sol, mixing the first and second acidic sols, applying the resultant mixed sol to the substrate, drying it, and treating the resultant silica aerogel coating with an alkali.1. A method for forming an anti-reflection coating of alkali-treated silica aerogel on a substrate, comprising: hydrolyzing and polymerizing alkoxysilane in a solvent in the presence of a base catalyst to prepare an alkaline sol, adding an acid catalyst to the alkaline sol to carry out further hydrolysis and polymerization to prepare a first acidic sol, hydrolyzing and polymerizing alkoxysilane in a solvent in the presence of an acid catalyst to prepare a second acidic sol, mixing said first and second acidic sols, applying the resultant mixed sol to said substrate, drying it, treating the resultant silica aerogel coating with an alkali solution at a temperature of 1-40° C. for 0.1-10 hours, and drying it at a temperature of 100-200° C. for 15 minutes to 24 hours.","label":"IndustConst","id":541} +{"sentence":"Method for the hydroformylation of olefinsThe invention relates to a process for preparing alcohols by hydroformylation of olefins or olefin mixtures, separation from the catalyst and subsequent hydrogenation, with an extraction being carried out after removal of the catalyst and before the hydrogenation of the aldehydes.1. A process for preparing aliphatic alcohols having from 7 to 17 carbon atoms, the process comprising one or more reaction stages which each comprise a) hydroformylating olefins having from 6 to 16 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst which comprises cobalt to obtain a hydroformylation mixture, b) treating the hydroformylation mixture with at least one gas which comprises oxygen in the presence of acidic, aqueous cobalt(II) salt solutions to obtain a second mixture, c) separating the second mixture from said treating b) into an aqueous phase comprising cobalt salts and an organic phase comprising the aliphatic aldehydes, e) extracting the organic phase from said separating c) with a liquid which comprises water d) hydrogenating the organic phase which comprises the aliphatic aldehydes.","label":"Process","id":542} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articles comprising superabsorbent polymers having superior propertiesAn absorbent article can have a topsheet, a backsheet, and an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet. In some aspects, at least one of the topsheet, backsheet, and absorbent core is stretchable. In other aspects, the absorbent core can comprise layers, at least one of which includes substantially the superabsorbent material and at least one of which includes substantially fluff. In some aspects, the article includes superabsorbent material which has a centrifuge retention capacity of at least about 25 g\/g, a free swell gel bed permeability of at least 200 Darcies, and a gel integrity of at least 2. In some aspects, the superabsorbent material is coated with a polyvinylamine.1 . An absorbent article comprising: a topsheet; a backsheet; and an absorbent core disposed between the topsheet and the backsheet; wherein the absorbent core includes superabsorbent polymer particles having a centrifuge retention capacity of at least about 25 g\/g, a free swell gel bed permeability of at least 200 Darcies, and a gel integrity of at least 2.","label":"Household","id":543} +{"sentence":"Metallocene film resinLinear low density polyethylene resin produced with a metallocene or a late transition metal catalyst and having a density of from 0.906 to 0.940 g\/cm 3 , a melt index MI2 of from 0.001 to 150 g\/10 min, a DRI larger than 20\/MI2 and a molecular weight distribution of less than 4.1 . A linear low density polyethylene having a density of from 0.906 to 0.940 g\/cm 3 , a melt index MI2 of from 0.001 to 150 g\/10 min and a DRI larger than 20\/MI2.","label":"HouseConst","id":544} +{"sentence":"Process for the continuous synthesis of a modified diene elastomerA process for the continuous synthesis of a modified diene elastomer includes: polymerization by n reactors r1 to rn equipped with an internal stirring system, the reactor r1 being fed by an input solution comprising a solvent, one or more monomers, an anionic polymerization initiator and a polar agent, one or more of the reactors being fed by reinjection of a purified solution comprising solvent and\/or monomer(s), the number of dead chains in the output stream from the reactor rn is less than 30% of the number of living chains initiated in the reactor r1, the temperature of each reactor varying from 20° C. to 150° C.; and modification of the living diene elastomer obtained in the preceding stage and exhibiting a polydispersity index varying from 1.1 to 2, making it possible to introduce, into the elastomer, a functional group comprising at least one silicon atom directly connected to the elastomer chain.1. A process for the continuous synthesis of a modified diene elastomer comprising at least one silicon atom directly connected to the elastomer chain, comprising: a) a stage of polymerization by means of n reactors r1 to rn which are equipped with an internal stirring system, which are assumed perfectly stirred and which are arranged in series, n varying from 2 to 15, the reactor r1 being fed by an input solution comprising a solvent, one or more monomers, an anionic polymerization initiator and a polar agent, one or more of the reactors r2 to rn additionally being fed by reinjection of a purified solution comprising solvent and\/or monomer(s), the purity of the or of each reinjected solution being such that the proportion of the number of dead chains in the output stream from the reactor rn is less than 30%, of the number of living chains initiated in the reactor r1, the temperature of each reactor varying from 20° C. to 150° C., and being greater than or equal to the temperature of the reactor which immediately precedes it, the temperature of the reactor rn being greater than the temperature of the reactor r1, the amount by weight W1 of monomer(s) introduced into the reactor r1 being such that: the amount by weight Wi′ of monomer(s) reinjected into the reactor ri′, when Wi′≠0, i′ varying from 2 to n, being such that: and such that Wi′ represents from 5% to 100% by weight of the weight of the solution reinjected into the reactor ri′, when Wi′ 0, where Wi is the amount by weight of monomer(s) introduced into the reactor ri, i varying from 1 to n, the amount by weight of all of the monomers entering the reactors r1 to rn representing from 5% to 25% by weight of the sum of the total inputs by weight of the reactors r1 to rn, the overall conversion by weight Ci″ in each reactor ri″ being such that: where Pi″ is the weight of polymer formed at the outlet of the reactor ri″, i″ varying from 1 to n−1, and Cn is the overall conversion by weight in the reactor rn, with where Pn is the weight of polymer formed at the outlet of the reactor rn, b) a stage of modification of the living diene elastomer obtained in the preceding stage and exhibiting a polydispersity index varying from 1.1 to 2 by means of at least one functionalization, coupling or star-branching agent, which makes it possible to introduce, into the elastomer, a functional group comprising at least one silicon atom directly connected to the elastomer chain.","label":"Automobile","id":545} +{"sentence":"Absorbent cores for absorbent diapers having reduced thickness and improved liquid handling and retention performance and comprising a super absorbent polymerThe present invention relates to absorbent cores for absorbent articles, which are intended to receive and retain bodily discharges such as urine. Such articles are disposable hygiene articles like baby diapers, training pants, adult incontinence articles, feminine care articles and the like. The improvement essentially is based on the recognition that replacing most or all of the cushioning fibrous absorbent material in an absorbent core by a liquid storage material capable of retaining liquid while maintaining or improving acquisition behavior is desirable as the reduction in cushioning is more than compensated by the gain in comfort. The comfort however can only be achieved if the more fundamental requirements of a diaper in respect to liquid handling are satisfied or improved. Especially if this liquid handling performance is improved beyond the performance of conventional absorbent structures in order to allow creation of thinner and drier absorbent articles, the users of such articles would experience them as providing a more than expected comfort improvement relative to the thinness gain. To provide such absorbent cores and articles made therewith only became possible with the development of new highly absorbent gel materials capable of acquiring, conducting, and storing liquids in here-to-fore unexpected perfection at super absorbent polymer concentrations, which are unknown today. The second aspect allowing this breakthrough development is the ability to maintain the comfort and performance of such high super absorbent polymer concentration articles during the full usage cycle of the article, from dry to fully loaded, especially by improving the ability of the cores to withstand the forces experienced by such articles during use. This ability to remain intact is also often referred to as wet integrity of the core and its improvement is an important objective of the present invention.1. An absorbent core for collection of bodily liquids, such as urine, said core comprising: a super absorbent gelling material, said super absorbent gelling material being in the form of particles, wherein: said particles have a longest and a smallest dimension with a particulate ratio of longest to smallest particle dimension in the range of 1–5; said particles are provided with a surface cross-linking in order to provide said particles with an individual particle stability such that said AGM super absorbent gelling material has a measured SFC of at least 30 units; said particles further have a substantially non-covalently bonded surface coating with a partially hydrolysable cationic polymer, such that said super absorbent gelling material has a measured BBS of more than 80 grams of force after 30 minutes and a BBS after 16 hours of at least 50% of the BBS after 30 minutes; said coating is present on said particles in an amount of less than 10% by weight of said particles; and said super absorbent gelling material is present in said core in a concentration of 60% by weight or more.","label":"Household","id":546} +{"sentence":"POLYOLEFIN RESIN COMPOSITIONProvided is a polyolefin-based resin composition having sufficient stabilizing effect and excellent cost performance. The polyolefin-based resin composition according to the present invention comprises a polyolefin-based resin obtained by polymerization of an olefin-based monomer with an addition of a phenolic antioxidant represented by the following Formula (I): (wherein, R represents a C1-C30 alkyl group or C2-C30 alkylene group which is optionally branched and\/or optionally has a cycloalkyl group, a C3-C12 cycloalkyl group which is optionally substituted or a C6-C18 aryl group which is optionally substituted), which phenolic antioxidant is masked with an organic aluminum compound, and a phosphorus-based antioxidant to a catalyst system or polymerization system before or during the polymerization of the olefin-based monomer, in which polyolefin-based resin composition, the phenolic antioxidant represented by the Formula (I) and the phosphorus-based antioxidant are added in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5 parts by mass and 0.001 to 3 parts by mass, respectively, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the olefin-based monomer.1 . A polyolefin-based resin composition, which comprises a polyolefin-based resin obtained by polymerization of an olefin-based monomer with an addition of a phenolic antioxidant represented by the following Formula (I): (wherein, R represents a C1-C30 alkyl group or C2-C30 alkenyl group which is optionally branched and\/or optionally has a cycloalkyl group, a C3-C12 cycloalkyl group which is optionally substituted or a C6-C18 aryl group which is optionally substituted), which phenolic antioxidant is masked with an organic aluminum compound, and a phosphorus-based antioxidant to a catalyst system or polymerization system before or during said polymerization of said olefin-based monomer, wherein said phenolic antioxidant represented by said Formula (I) and said phosphorus-based antioxidant are added in an amount of 0.001 to 0.5 parts by mass and 0.001 to 3 parts by mass, respectively, with respect to 100 parts by mass of said olefin-based monomer.","label":"HouseConst","id":547} +{"sentence":"Process for producing block copolymer, and block copolymer or hydrogenated product thereofThe present invention provides a process for producing a block copolymer in high productivity, by anionic polymerization by use of a lithium initiator, and also to provide the block copolymer and a hydrogenated product thereof, the block copolymer having a conjugated diene block portion with a high vinyl bond content and a vinyl aromatic block portion with a narrow molecular weight distribution and exhibiting a narrow molecular weight distribution and high strength. A conjugated diene monomer and a vinyl aromatic monomer by use of a lithium initiator, are block copolymerized by making a tertiary amine compound and (2) sodium alkoxide coexist, wherein (2)\/(1) (a molar ratio)=from 0.01 or more to less than 0.1.1. A process for producing a block copolymer, comprising copolymerizing a conjugated diene monomer and vinyl aromatic monomer in presence of a lithium initiator, (1) a tertiary amine compound, and (2) sodium alkoxide, wherein (2)\/(1)(a molar ratio)=from 0.01 to less than 0.1.","label":"IndustConst","id":548} +{"sentence":"Resin composition and resin molded articleA resin composition includes a resin (A), a resin (B), and resin particles (C), and has a continuous phase containing the resin (A) and dispersed phases containing the resin (B), in which when a cross section of the resin composition along an extrusion direction in producing the resin composition is observed, an area circle equivalent diameter d80, which is an area circle equivalent diameter corresponding to 80% from a small diameter side in a number cumulative distribution of area circle equivalent diameters of the dispersed phases, is 600 nm or less.1. A resin composition comprising a resin (A), a resin (B), and resin particles (C), and having a continuous phase containing the resin (A) and dispersed phases containing the resin (B), wherein when a cross section of the resin composition along an extrusion direction in producing the resin composition is observed, a proportion of the dispersed phases covering the resin particles (C) with respect to the dispersed phases having an area circle equivalent diameter of 100 nm or more is 70% by number or more; wherein a content ratio (B)\/(A) of the resin (B) to the resin (A) is 0.05 or more and less than 0.5; wherein the resin (A) contains a mixture of a cellulose acylate and a plasticizer (D), and wherein the plasticizer (D) contains at least one selected from the group consisting of a cardanol compound, a dicarboxylic acid diester, a citrate, a polyether compound having at least one unsaturated bond in a molecule, a polyether ester compound, a glycol benzoate ester, an ester compound represented by the following General Formula (ES1) and an epoxidized fatty acid ester, wherein, in the General Formula (ES1), RE1represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 7 to 28 carbon atoms, and RE2represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":549} +{"sentence":"Electrically neutral dispersions and method of preparing sameThe invention is a method of producing an essentially electrically neutral polymer dispersion, comprising a polymerizing one or more monomers in the presence of a nonionic surfactant, wherein the polymerization preferably occurs in the absence of ionic surfactants. The invention also includes methods of producing positively or negatively charged polymer dispersions comprising producing the essentially nonionic polymer dispersion and further adding a cationically-charged or anionically-charged surfactant or electrolyte. The invention further includes dispersions produced by the methods of the invention and polymer films and powders produced from these dispersions.1. A method of producing an essentially electrically neutral polymer dispersion, comprising polymerizing one or more nonionic monomers in the presence of at least one nonionic surfactant comprising an alkylene oxide adduct of an alkyl alcohol, the alkyl alcohol having 10 to 16 carbon atoms, wherein the number of alkylene oxide groups is less than or equal to 14 and wherein said polymerizing step occurs in the absence of ionic surfactants.","label":"Automobile","id":550} +{"sentence":"Rubber mixture and vehicle tireA rubber mixture for vehicle tires which exhibits improved rolling resistance behavior and improved wear properties. The rubber mixture includes: 5 to 100 phr of at least one polymer A of the formula I): 1) F-(P-Y-P-Sx)z-P-Y-P-F, wherein S is sulfur, P is an elastomer polymer chain obtained by the anionic polymerization of a conjugated diene and, optionally, a vinyl aromatic compound in the presence of a diinitiator, Y is a dicarbanion group derived from the diinitiator, x is an integer greater than or equal to 1 independently for each Sx group, on the condition that x is selected from the numbers 2, 3, and 4 for at least one Sx group, z is an integer from 1 to 160, each F is a terminal group independently selected from —H, —SH, —SOH, —SCl, —SO2H and —SO3H, and at least one filler.1. A rubber mixture, comprising: from 5 to 100 phr of at least one polymer A of the formula I) below: F-(P-Y-P-Sx)z-P-Y-P-F  I) where S is a sulfur atom; P is an elastomeric polymer chain which has been obtained by anionic polymerization of at least one conjugated diene and, optionally, at least one vinylaromatic compound, in the presence of a diinitiator; Y is a dicarbanion group derived from the diinitiator; x is independently for each Sx group an integer equal to or greater than 1, with the proviso that x is selected from among the numbers 2, 3, and 4 for at least one Sx group; z is an integer from 1 to 160; each F is independently an end group selected from the group consisting of —H, —SH, —SOH, —SCl, —SSCl, —SO2H, and —SO3H; and, at least one filler.","label":"Automobile","id":551} +{"sentence":"Fluid distribution across a particulate bedA means and method for spraying liquid and gas onto and across a particulate bed includes a horizontal liquid distribution tray disposed over the bed containing a plurality of gas and liquid spray distributors extending through the tray. The distributors include separate gas and liquid conduits or pipes having an entrance on top and an exit below, with the exits proximate each other underneath the tray. The conduits are coaxial with a portion of the gas conduit surrounded by the liquid conduit to define an annular space between them for the liquid to flow downwardly through. The gas flows down through the gas conduit, exiting as a gas core surrounded by the downflowing liquid. The gas expands and contacts the surrounding liquid to spray it on the matter below. A liquid spray generating device is located below the gas and liquid exit. Siphon caps automatically provide pulse flow of the liquid. Combining the siphon caps with orifices or slots in the liquid conduit below the siphon line automatically provides both continuous and pulse spray of the liquid onto the bed below.1. A flow distribution means comprising a horizontally disposed tray containing a plurality of gas and liquid spray distribution means extending therethrough for receiving said gas and liquid from above said tray and spraying them below, wherein said gas and liquid spray distribution means comprises a gas conduit and a liquid conduit, each having an entrance and an exit for permitting a respective fluid to flow through, wherein said liquid conduit surrounds a portion of said gas conduit, so that a portion of said gas conduit is disposed inside said liquid conduit to provide an annular space for said liquid to flow through, with said exits positioned proximate each other, whereby the exiting gas is surrounded by downflowing liquid, with said exiting gas contacting said exiting liquid to form a liquid spray.","label":"Process","id":552} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acrolein and acrylic acidAcrolein and acrylic acid are produced by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene in a multi-tubular, fixed-bed reaction vessel with the use of a composite oxide catalyst represented by the formula MoaBibFecAdBeCfDgSihOx,wherein A, B, C, and D represent components selectable from respective groups of elements, and the subscripts a through h and x are specific numbers of atoms of respective elements and groups of elements. This catalyst is adapted and packed in each reaction tube in a manner such that its activity is controlled to increase from the inlet toward the outlet of the tube.1. The process for producing acrolein and acrylic acid by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene with molecular oxygen by using a multi-tubular, fixed-bed reaction vessel, comprising: (a) contacting propylene with a composite oxide catalyst represented by the formula [Equation] MoaBibFecAdBeCfDgSihOx, wherein: A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, and Mg; B is at least one element selected from the group consisting of P, B, and As; C is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, and Mn; D is at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, Cs, and Tl; a, b, c, h, and x are the numbers of atoms of their respective elements; and d, e, f, and g are the total numbers of atoms of their respective element groups, b being 0.4 to 7, c being 0.1 to 4, d being 2 to 10, e being 0 to 2, f being 0 to 2, g being 0 to 2, and h being 0 to 60, and x being a number satisfying the valences of the elements other than the oxygen when a is 12; and (b) wherein in each reaction tube the catalyst is packed in the tube in a plurality of divided sections disposed successively in the tube axial direction to form the catalyst bed, said catalyst being comprised of a plurality of species of said composite oxide, respectively varying in the elemental composition of the component D, the proportion of component D as defined by g or a combination thereof, whereby the catalyst species each contain substantially the same proportion of total catalyst, but have varying activities, and wherein the catalyst species are packed respectively in said sections of the catalyst bed so that the activity of each catalyst species increases from the tube inlet toward the tube outlet.","label":"Process","id":553} +{"sentence":"Acrylic rubber graft copolymer and thermoplastic resin compositionAn acrylic rubber graft copolymer is obtained by graft polymerizing a vinyl monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer including acrylate ester monomer units and polyfunctional monomer units, wherein the total amount of the polyfunctional monomer units in the rubbery polymer is 0.3 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the acrylate ester monomer units, and the polyfunctional monomer units include 30 to 95 mass % of polyfunctional monomer units having two unsaturated bonds and 5 to 70 mass % of polyfunctional monomer units having three unsaturated bonds with respect to 100 mass % of the total of the polyfunctional monomer units. A thermoplastic resin composition includes the acrylic rubber graft copolymer.1. An acrylic rubber graft copolymer, comprising: a graft polymerized vinyl monomer in a presence of a rubbery polymer including acrylate ester monomer units and polyfunctional monomer units having an allyl group, wherein a total amount of the polyfunctional monomer units in the rubbery polymer is 0.3 to 3 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the acrylate ester monomer units, the polyfunctional monomer units include 30 to 95 mass % of polyfunctional monomer units having two unsaturated bonds and 5 to 70 mass % of polyfunctional monomer units having three unsaturated bonds, with respect to 100 mass % of the total of the polyfunctional monomer units, and the polyfunctional monomer units having two unsaturated bonds are allyl methacrylate.","label":"Automobile","id":554} +{"sentence":"Method for producing synthetic polymerizates with a very low residual monomer content, products produced according to this method and the use thereofThe invention relates to a process for producing water-soluble or water-swellable polymer products with low levels of residual monomers using acrylic acid and\/or acrylic acid derivatives, which process is characterized by adding a nitrogen compound to the monomer solution to be polymerized and subsequent heating of the polymer product at temperatures of from 120 to 240° C. The polymers produced accordingly are suitable for use as flocculants, dispersants and absorbents.1. A process for producing a water-soluble or water-swellable polymer or copolymer comprising, providing an acid monomer or monomers alone, or with a comonomer or comonomers; mixing said monomer or monomers with a nitrogen salt compound or compounds selected from the group consisting of ammonia salts of hydrofluoric acid, hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, hydroiodic acid, sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sulfoxylic acid, thiophosphoric acid, phosphorous acid, nitric acid and nitrous acid, ammonia salts of aliphatic, aromatic and mixed aliphatic\/aromatic compound(s) and mixtures thereof; free-radical polymerizing said monomer or monomers alone, or with a comonomer or comonomers to form said water-soluble or water-swellable polymer or copolymer; and subsequently heating said water-soluble or water-swellable polymer or copolymer at a temperature of from 120 to 240° C.","label":"Household","id":555} +{"sentence":"Antimicrobial superabsorbent compositions and methodsAn antimicrobial superabsorbent composition of a cross-linked hydrophilic sodium salt form of a partially neutralized acrylic acid-based polymer gel having covalently bonded thereto a silane. The composition can be in the form of flakes, strips, powders, filaments, fibers, or films, and may be applied to a substrate in the form of a coating.1. An antimicrobial superabsorbent composition comprising a water absorbing cross-linked hydrophilic sodium salt form of a partially neutralized acrylic acid-based polymer gel having covalently bonded thereto an organosilane, the organosilane being present in an amount to prevent hydrophobing and reduction of the absorbent capacity of the polymer gel, the organosilane having the general formula selected from the group consisting of wherein, in each formula, R is an alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms or hydrogen; a has a value of 0, 1 or 2; R's is a methyl or ethyl radical; R" is an alkylene group of 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R's", R"" and Rvare each independently selected from a group consisting of alkyl radicals of 1 to 18 carbon atoms, --CH2C6H5,--CH2CH2OH, --CH2OH, and --(CH2)xNHC(O)Rvi,wherein x has a value of from 2 to 10 and Rviis a perfluoroalkyl radical having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms; and X is chloride, bromide, fluoride, iodide, acetate or tosylate.","label":"Household","id":556} +{"sentence":"Amino-substituted aryllithium compounds as anionic polymerization initiatorsA vulcanizable elastomeric compound and products such as pneumatic tires and the like, are formed from a functionalized polymer having a functional group derived from an anionic polymerization initiator. The anionic polymerization initiator comprises the general formula where R1-R5are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyls having from alkyls having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; aralkyls having from 7 to about 20 carbon atoms; dialkylaminos having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms; and, dialkylaminoalkyls having from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms. At least one of R1-R5is selected from the group consisting of the dialkylaminos and the dialkylaminoalkyls. Methods of the present invention include preparing functionalized polymers and reducing the hysteresis of vulcanizable elastomeric compounds.1. An anionic polymerization initiator comprising a compound having the general formula where R1-R5are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyls having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; aralkyls having from 7 to about 20 carbon atoms; dialkylaminos having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms; and, dialkylaminoalkyls having from 3 to about 30 carbon atoms; where at least one of R1-R5is selected from the group consisting of said dialkylaminoalkyls.","label":"Automobile","id":557} +{"sentence":"Inherently Secured Aerogel CompositesEmbodiments of the present invention describe secured fiber-reinforced aerogels and laminate structures formed therefrom. In one embodiment a laminate comprises at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer adjacent to at least one layer of fiber containing material wherein fibers from said at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of said at least one fiber-containing material. In another embodiment a laminate comprises at least two adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layers wherein fibers from at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of an adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layer.1 . A composite comprising at least one first ply of fiber-reinforced aerogel material adjacent to at least one second ply of fiber-containing material, wherein fibers from the at least one first ply of fiber-reinforced aerogel material are interlaced with fibers from the at least one second ply of fiber-containing material.","label":"IndustConst","id":558} +{"sentence":"Preparation of 1,4-butanediol or tetrahydrofuran or bothProcess for the preparation of 1,4-butanediol or tetrahydrofuran or both by the catalytic hydrogenation of maleic anhydride, succinic anhydride, maleic acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, or the alkyl esters of these acids at temperatures of from 100° C. to 350° C. and pressures of from 50 bar to 350 bar over a catalyst containing cobalt as the active metal and one or both of the elements copper and phosphorus, if necessary in the presence of an aliphatic alcohol.1. In a process for the preparation of at least one of the compounds 1,4-butanediol, tetrahydrofuran and gamma-butyrolactone by catalytic hydrognenation of a compound of the formula wherein each A is hydrogen or when taken together denote a single bond and each X is hydroxyl or alkoxy of from 1 to 6 carbon atoms or when taken together denote a ring oxygen atom --O--, at temperatures of from 100° C. to 350° C. and under pressures of from 50 bar to 350 bar, the improvement which comprises: using a hydrogenation catalyst which contains cobalt and at least one of the elements copper, phosphorus and molybdenum.","label":"Process","id":559} +{"sentence":"Oligomerisation of olefinic compounds with reduced polymer formationA process for producing an oligomeric product by oligomerization of at least one olefinic compound, the process including a) providing an activated oligomerization catalyst, by combining, in any order, i) a source of chromium, ii) a ligating compound, iii) a catalyst activator or combination of catalyst activators, b) providing a zinc compound, and c) contacting the at least one olefinic compound with a composition containing the activated oligomerization catalyst and the zinc compound, the zinc compound being present in a sufficient quantity such that the ratio of the molar amount of zinc in the zinc compound to the molar amount of chromium in the source of chromium is between 1 and 10,000. The invention also provides a process of activating an oligomerization catalyst to be used to produce an oligomeric product from at least one olefinic compound.1. A process for producing an oligomeric product by oligomerisation of at least one olefinic compound, the process including: a) providing an activated oligomerisation catalyst by combining, in any order, i) a source of chromium; ii) a ligating compound of the formula I (R1)mX1(Y)X2(R2)n  I wherein: X1and X2are independently an atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth, oxygen, sulphur and selenium or said atom oxidized by S, Se, N or O where the valence of X1and\/or X2allows for such oxidation; Y is a linking group between X1and X2; m and n are independently 0, 1 or a larger integer; and R1and R2are independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group, an organoheteryl group or a heterohydrocarbyl group, and R being the same or different when m>1, and R2being the same or different when n>1; iii) a catalyst activator or combination of catalyst activators; b) providing a zinc compound; and c) contacting the at least one clef irk compound with a composition containing the activated oligomerisation catalyst and the zinc compound, the zinc compound being present in a sufficient quantity such that the ratio of the molar amount of zinc in the zinc compound to the molar amount of chromium in the source of chromium is from 10 to 1000.","label":"Catalyst","id":560} +{"sentence":"Preparation of butadieneThe disclosure relates to a process for preparing butadiene. The process involves nonoxidatively catalytically dehydrogenating butane to obtain a product gas stream containing butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen and secondary constituents. The 1-butene and 2-butene of the product gas stream is then oxidatively dehydrogenated to give a second gas stream containing butane,2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen, steam and secondary constituents. Next, the butane,2-butene and butadiene are separated from the second gas stream and the butane and 2-butene are then separated from the butadiene product. The butane and 2-butene are then recycled into the nonoxidative catalytic dehydrogenating zone.1. A process for preparing butadiene from n-butane comprising: A) providing a feed gas stream a comprising n-butane; B) feeding the feed gas stream a comprising n-butane into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidatively catalytically dehydrogenating n-butane to obtain a product gas stream b comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen, low-boiling secondary constituents and optionally steam; C) feeding the product gas stream b of the nonoxidative catalytic dehydrogenation and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating 1-butene and 2-butene to obtain a product gas stream c comprising n-butane, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen, low-boiling secondary constituents and steam, said product gas stream c having a higher content of butadiene than the product gas stream b; D) removing hydrogen, the low-boiling secondary constituents and steam to obtain a C4 product gas stream d substantially consisting of n-butane, 2-butene and butadiene; E) separating the C4 product gas stream d into a recycle stream el consisting substantially of n-butane and 2-butene and a stream e2 consisting substantially of butadiene by extractively distilling and recycling the stream el into the first dehydrogenation zone; F) optionally, feeding some or all of the stream e2 consisting substantially of butadiene into a selective hydrogenation zone and selectively hydrogenating butadiene to 1- and\/or 2-butene to obtain a stream f comprising 1 -butene and 2-butene; G) optionally, when F is carried out, feeding the stream f comprising 1-butene and 2-butene into a distillation zone and removing a product of value stream g1 consisting substantially of 1-butene to leave a stream g2 comprising 2-butene; H) optionally, when F and G are carried out, recycling the stream g2 comprising 2-butene into the first dehydrogenation zone.","label":"Catalyst","id":561} +{"sentence":"Linear low density ethylene polymers blended with modified linear low density ethylene polymersThe properties of linear ethylene polymers, especially linear, low density polyethylene (LLDPE), are improved by adding a chemically modified ethylene polymer to the base resin. The modification is brought about by the use of a free radical generator, preferably an organic peroxy compound such as benzoyl peroxide, optionally with an unsaturated silane such as vinyl trimethoxy silane. The use of the modified resin masterbatch enhances the crystallization of the polymer and improves the melt strength of the polymer, providing greater bubble stability in the blown tubular film extrusion process so that higher operating speeds may be employed. In addition, the films produced from the blends have improved antiblocking properties without significant deterioration of mechanical properties.1. A blown plastic resin film of improved properties made from a blend of a linear, low density ethylene polymer and 5 to 30 weight percent of the blend of a linear, low density ethylene polymer which has been modified by reaction in the molten state with a free radical generator.","label":"HouseConst","id":562} +{"sentence":"Alkoxy-crosslinking RTV1 silicone rubber mixturesThe invention relates to alkoxy-crosslinking RTV1 silicone rubber mixtures based on hydroxy-terminated polydiorganosiloxanes containing a trialkoxysilane with a substituted amidoalkyl radical, which can be prepared using conventional mixing technologies. The novel RTV1 silicone rubber mixtures cure rapidly and without tack to give products with good mechanical properties. The shelf-life of the mixtures is excellent. One particular advantage of this invention is that it is also possible to create systems in which crosslinking produces only elimination products which are completely free from toxic methanol.1. A crosslinking RTV1 silicone rubber mixture comprising: (a) at least one hydroxy-terminated polydiorganosiloxane of the formula (I) ; [Equation] HO(SiR12O)nH (1) and the reaction product of (b) at least one alkoxysilane of the formula (II) and\/or a partial hydrolyzate thereof; and (c) at least one organosilane of the formula (III) and\/or a partial hydrolyzate thereof [Equation] R1xSi(OR2)4-x (III) where R1,independently of one another, are unsubstituted and\/or substituted alkyl, alkenyl or aryl radicals, R2,independently of one another, are unsubstituted and\/or substituted alkyl and\/or silyl radicals, R3,independently of one another, are unsubstituted and\/or substituted, saturated and\/or unsaturated alkyl and\/or aryl radicals and\/or hydrogen, R4are unsubstituted or substituted, saturated or unsaturated alkyl aryl or acyl radicals or hydrogen, R5are saturated alkyl or aryl radicals or hydrogen, and wherein the radicals R4and R5may form alicyclic or heterocyclic rings, X is oxygen or sulfur, m is either 1 or 2, n is from 20 to 2000, and x is either 0 or 1.","label":"Automobile","id":563} +{"sentence":"Process for producing an oxide complex catalyst containing molybdenum and one of bismuth and telluriumBismuth molybdate catalysts formed from a precatalyst slurry which uses an organic liquid or mixture of an organic liquid and water as the liquid medium of the slurry exhibit superior catalytic properties.1. In a process for producing a first stage oxide complex catalyst containing molybdenum and one of bismuth and tellurium in which a pre-catalyst precipitate or gel derived from a pre-catalyst slurry is calcined in an oxygen-containing gas to produce said catalyst, the improvement wherein the liquid medium of said slurry comprises methanol, ethanol or mixtures thereof, said oxide complex catalyst containing bismuth and having the formula [Equation] AaGbLcDdEeQfOx wherein A is an alkali metal, Tl, Cu, Ag and mixtures thereof; G is Ni, Co, Mn, Mg, a Group IIA element, IIB element or mixtures thereof; L is Fe, Cr, Ce, V and\/or Eu; D is Bi, Te or mixtures thereof; E is P, As, B, Sb, Ge, Sn, Si, Ti, Zr, rare earth and\/or U or mixtures thereof; Q is Mo and\/or W; and wherein a is 0.001-2, b is 0.01-10, c is 0.01-8, d is 0.1-8, e is 0-3, and f is 11-13.5. x is determined by the valence state of the other elements present.","label":"Catalyst","id":564} +{"sentence":"Nanoporous dielectric thin film formation using a post-deposition catalystThis pertains generally to precursors and deposition methods suited to aerogel thin film fabrication of nanoporous dielectrics. An aerogel precursor sol is disclosed. This aerogel precursor sol contains a metal alkoxide (such as TEOS) and a solvent, but no gelation catalyst. By a method according to the present invention, such a precursor sol is applied as a nongelling thin film 14 to a semiconductor substrate 10. This substrate may contain patterned conductors 12, gaps 13, or other structures. An independent gelation catalyst (preferably, vapor phase ammonia) is added to promote rapid gelation of the thin film sol 14 at the desired time. One advantage is that it allows substantially independent control of gelation and pore fluid evaporation. This independent catalyst introduction allows additional processing steps to be performed between sol deposition and the onset of substantial gelation. One potential step is to evaporate a portion of the pore fluid solvent. Additional advantages of independent catalyst introduction are that it reduces the need for process steps requiring critical timing and provides a large increase in the pot life of the precursor sol.1. A method for forming a nanoporous dielectric on a semiconductor substrate; the method comprising the steps of: a) providing a semiconductor substrate having a first surface; b) depositing a thickness of an aerogel precursor sol upon said first surface of said substrate; wherein said precursor sol is comprised of a reactant dispersed in a solvent; wherein said reactant is selected from the group consisting of metal alkoxides, particulate metal oxides, and organic precursors; and said precursor sol does not substantially gel during said deposition; c) adding a gelation catalyst to said deposited sol; d) allowing said deposited sol to create a gel, wherein said gel comprises a porous solid and a pore fluid; and e) removing said pore fluid without substantially collapsing said porous solid, thereby forming a dry, porous dielectric.","label":"IndustConst","id":565} +{"sentence":"PLASTICIZER COMPOSITION WHICH CONTAINS ALIPHATIC DICARBOXYLIC ACID ESTERS UND TEREPHTHALIC ACID DIALKYL ESTERSThe invention relates to a plasticizer composition containing at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid ester and at least one terephthalic acid dialkyl ester, to molding compounds containing a thermoplastic polymer or an elastomer and a plasticizer composition of said type, and to the use of said plasticizer compositions and molding compounds.23 . A plasticizer composition comprising a) at least one compound of the general formula (I), R1—O—C(═O)—X—C(═O)—O—R2   (I) in which X is an unbranched or branched C2-C8 alkylene group or an unbranched or branched C2-C8 alkenylene group, comprising at least one double bond and R1and R2independently at each occurrence are selected from C3-C5 alkyl, b) at least one compound of the general formula (II), in which R3and R4independently of one another are selected from branched and unbranched C4-C12 alkyl radicals.","label":"HouseConst","id":566} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of alkali metal silicate-organic plasticsPolymerable organic compounds and an epoxide compound are emulsified with aqueous alkali metal silicate solutions then polymerized with a catalyst such as a peroxide type catalyst thereby producing an alkali metal silicate organic plastic which may be used as an adhesive, as molding powder or reacted with an organic diisocyanide to produce polyurethane silicate resins and foams.1. The process of the production of alkali metal silicate-organic plastic by mixing and reacting the following components: (a) an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution in the amount of 100 parts by weight (b) a polymerable unsaturated organic compound in the amount of 5 to 100 parts by weight (c) a mono or polycarboxylic acid salt forming compound in the amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight (d) an organic epoxide compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, epichlorohydrin and mixtures thereof in the amount of 1 to 50 parts by weight (e) an initiator, a catalytic amount.","label":"HouseConst","id":567} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR PRODUCING WATER-ABSORBING POLYMER PARTICLESA process for preparing water-absorbing polymer particles, comprising polymerisation of a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension, drying, grinding and classification, whereas the process further comprising adjusting the amount of foaming agent in the aqueous monomer solution by admixing the aqueous monomer solution with a foaming agent of 1% to 15% by weight based on the amount of ethylenically unsaturated monomer and keeping the solution on a pressure of 6 bar to 15 bar and then expanding the solution.1 . A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles comprising polymerising a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears acid groups and has been neutralised to an extent of 25 to 95 mol %, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, d) optionally at least one surfactant, e) optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerisable with the monomer under a), f) optionally a solubiliser, and g) optionally thickeners, foam stabilisers, polymerisation regulators, fillers, fibres, and\/or cell nucleators, wherein the monomer solution or suspension contains less than 50 ppm of an azo-initiator or is essentially free of an azo-initiator being polymerised to a polymeric foam that is dried, subsequently ground and classified, the process further comprising adjusting an amount of a foaming agent in the aqueous monomer solution or suspension by admixing the aqueous monomer solution or suspension with the foaming agent at 1% to 15% by weight based on the amount of ethylenically unsaturated monomer and keeping the solution under a pressure of 6 bar to 15 bar and then expanding the solution.","label":"Household","id":568} +{"sentence":"RUBBER COMPOSITION AND PNEUMATIC TIREProvided are: a rubber composition that improves fuel economy and wet grip performance together while maintaining the balance between them; and a pneumatic tire whose component (in particular tread) includes the rubber composition. The invention relates to a rubber composition containing: a rubber component containing a copolymer; silica; and a diene rubber gel bearing a hydroxyl group, wherein the copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene, styrene, and a compound represented by formula (I) below, has an amino group at a first chain end and a functional group containing at least one atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and silicon at a second chain end, and has a weight average molecular weight of 1.0×105-2.5×106, and the diene rubber gel has a Tg of −40 to −10° C., and is present in an amount of 10-30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component;1 . A rubber composition, comprising: a rubber component comprising a copolymer; silica; and a diene rubber gel bearing a hydroxyl group, wherein the copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene, styrene, and a compound represented by formula (I) below, has an amino group at a first chain end and a functional group containing at least one atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and silicon at a second chain end, and has a weight average molecular weight of 1.0×105to 2.5×106, and the diene rubber gel has a glass transition temperature of −40 to −10° C., and is present in an amount of 10 to 30 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the rubber component; wherein R1represents a C1 to C10 hydrocarbon group.","label":"Automobile","id":569} +{"sentence":"Porous resin particles, method for manufacturing the same, dispersion liquid, and use thereofPorous resin particles are disclosed that comprise a polymer of a monomer mixture. The monomer mixture includes: a mono(meth)acrylate-based monomer in an amount of 3 wt % to 40 wt % containing: an ethylenic unsaturated group only in a (meth)acrylic acid residue; and a hydroxyl group and at least either an ether group or an ester group in an alcohol residue; another monofunctional vinyl-based monomer in an amount of 10 wt % to 69 wt % containing a single ethylenic unsaturated group; and a polyfunctional vinyl-based monomer in an amount of 30 wt % to 70 wt % containing two or more ethylenic unsaturated groups.1. Porous resin particles of a polymer of a monomer mixture, said monomer mixture comprising: a mono(meth)acrylate-based monomer in an amount of 3 wt % to 40 wt % containing: an ethylenic unsaturated group only in a (meth)acrylic acid residue, and a hydroxyl group and at least either an ether group or an ester group in an alcohol residue; another monofunctional vinyl-based monomer in an amount of 10 wt % to 69 wt % containing a single ethylenic unsaturated group; and a polyfunctional vinyl-based monomer in an amount of 30 wt % to 70 wt % containing two or more ethylenic unsaturated groups, wherein the porous resin particles have a water absorption value of 140 ml to 400 ml per 100 g of said particles, and an oil absorption value of 100 ml to 400 ml per 100 g of said particles.","label":"Household","id":570} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing crosslinked water absorbent resinsThis invention is directed to a recurring polymeric moiety of the following formula: wherein R is independently selected from hydrogen and C1to C4alkyl; Y is independently selected from O and NH; and X is independently selected from Cl, F, Br, I, NO3,HSO4and H2PO4. Polymers of the above structure may be crosslinked by treating the polymer with a base and heating it.1. A method of preparing a water-insoluble, partially cross-linked, hydrogel-forming polymer which comprises: (a) polymerizing a first ethylenically unsaturated water soluble monomer having at least one hydrophilic carboxy group in the presence of a second ethylenically unsaturated monomer of the formula: wherein: said first ethylenically tinsaturated water soluble monomer is present in an mount of at least 50% by weight; R is independently selected from H and C1to C4alkyl; Y is independently selected from O and NH; and X is independently selected from Cl, Br, F, I, NO3,HSO4and H2PO4; (b) contacting the polymerization product of step (a) with a base to convert the terminal portion of said second monomer to an epoxy group; and (c) heating said polymerization product to effect crosslinking of said polymerization product.","label":"Household","id":571} +{"sentence":"Diisopentyl terephthalateA mixture of isomeric dipentyl terephthalates, pentyl radicals of which are n-pentyl radicals to an extent of less than 60 mol %, characterized by a low viscosity which does not increase significantly even at temperatures below 40° C. Plastisols comprising these mixtures have a low plastisol viscosity which moreover increases only to a minor degree with time.1. A mixture comprising diisopentyl terephthalate and a plasticizer, wherein the diisopentyl terephthalate comprises pentyl radicals of which, from more than 25 mol % to less than 60 mol % of the pentyl radicals are n-pentyl radicals, wherein the diisopentyl terephthalate comprises branched isomeric pentyl radicals wherein at least 60 mol % of the branched isomeric pentyl radicals are 2-methylbutyl radicals, and the plasticizer selected is from the group consisting of alkyl benzoates, dialkyl adipates, glycerol esters, trialkyl citrates, acylated trialkyl citrates, trialkyl trimellitates, glycol dibenzoates, esters of furandicarboxylic acid, dialkanoyl esters of dianhydrohexitols and dialkester of 1,2-, 1,3- or 1,4-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, wherein the mixture has a viscosity of less than 1000 Pa·s at temperatures above 10° C., and wherein the ratio of the diisopentyl terephthalate to the plasticizer is from 60:40 to 10:90.","label":"HouseConst","id":572} +{"sentence":"Compositions and method for producing poly-aminofunctionalized polymerization initiators and corresponding polymersCompositions and methods for producing polymerization initiators comprising at least two protected primary amine groups. Polymers prepared using such polymerization initiators can comprise a residue of the polymerization initiator and can initially comprise the at least two protected primary amine groups. Such polymers can undergo a deprotection process thereby yielding a polymer having one or more unprotected primary amine groups. Polymers having primary amine groups can be employed in rubber compositions, which have a variety of potential applications, such as, for example, in tire manufacturing.1. A polymerization initiator comprising: at least two protected primary amine groups and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of alkali and alkaline earth metals, wherein said at least one metal is not located on any of said protected primary amine groups.","label":"Automobile","id":573} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization processA process for polymerizing ethylene is disclosed. The process comprises polymerizing ethylene in a slurry reaction in the presence of a catalyst system which comprises an activator and an indenoindolyl transition metal complex on a support material. The catalyst system is slurried with an inert solvent prior to addition to the reactor. The process provides polyethylene with good bulk density.1. A process which comprises polymerizing ethylene in a slurry reaction in the presence of a catalyst system which comprises an activator and an indenoindolyl transition metal complex on a support, wherein the activator is selected from the group consisting of alumoxanes, organoboranes, ionic borates, and combinations thereof, and the catalyst system is slurried with an inert solvent prior to addition and added as a slurry to the reactor to produce polyethylene having a bulk density at least 15% greater than that of polyethylene made under the same conditions but without slurrying the catalyst system with an inert solvent wherein the indenoindolyl transition metal complex has a structure selected from the group consisting of: wherein M is a Group 3 to 10 transition metal; each L is independently selected from the group consisting of halide, alkoxy, aryloxy, siloxy, alkylamino, and C1-C30 hydrocarbyl; L′ is selected from the group consisting of alkylamido, substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, boraaryl, pyrrolyl, azaborolinyl and indenoindolyl; x satisfies the valence of M; R1 is selected from the group consisting of C1-C30 hydrocarbyl, dialkylboryl and trialkylsilyl; each R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C30 hydrocarbyl, H, F, Cl, and Br; G is a divalent radical selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl and heteroatom-containing alkylene radicals, diorganosilyl radicals, diorgano-germanium radicals, organoboranyl radicals, organophoshinyl radicals, and diorganotin radicals.","label":"Catalyst","id":574} +{"sentence":"Heat stabilized polymeric composition with epoxidized fatty acid ester plasticizerThe present disclosure is directed to a polymeric composition containing a vinyl chloride resin and an epoxidized fatty acid ester. The polymeric composition also includes a heat stabilizing composition. The heat stabilizing composition includes a first metal salt, a second metal salt, and a β-diketone. The epoxidized fatty acid ester is the primary, or the sole, plasticizer in the polymeric composition. The present polymeric composition finds advantageous application as a coating for wire and cable.1. A polymeric composition comprising: from about 40 wt % to about 70 wt % of a vinyl chloride resin; from about 10 wt % to about 60 wt % of an epoxidized fatty acid ester; and from about 0.2 wt % to about 10 wt % of a heat stabilizing composition comprising a first metal salt, a second metal salt and a β-diketone, and the polymeric composition has a loop spew value from 0 to 2 as measured in accordance with ASTM D 3291.","label":"HouseConst","id":575} +{"sentence":"High permeability superabsorbent polymer compositionsThe invention relates to absorptive, crosslinked polymeric composition that are based on partly neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomer carrying acid groups wherein the absorptive crosslinked polymer may be coated with a polymeric coating, and have improved properties, in particular in respect of their capacity for transportation of liquids in the swollen state, and which have a high capacity and a high gel bed permeability.1. A high-capacity superabsorbent polymer composition comprising a superabsorbent polymer comprising: a) from about 55% to about 99.9% by weight of polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer, based on the superabsorbent polymer; and b) from about 0.001% to about 5% by weight of internal crosslinking agent based on the polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer; wherein the superabsorbent polymer has a degree of neutralization of greater than about 25%; wherein elements a) and b) are polymerized and prepared into superabsorbent polymer particles and further comprising the following surface additives to form surface treated superabsorbent polymer particles i) from about 0.001% to about 5% by weight of surface crosslinking agent based on the superabsorbent polymer composition; ii) from about 0.01% to about 2% by weight of a water-insoluble inorganic metal compound, based on the superabsorbent polymer composition wherein said water-insoluble inorganic metal compound is selected from a calcium phosphate, titanium phosphate, aluminum phosphate, iron phosphate, titanium borate, aluminum borate, iron borate magnesium borate, manganese borate, or calcium borate; iii) from about 0.01% to about 0.5% cationic polymer based on the superabsorbent polymer composition; and iv) from about 0.01% to about 0.5% of a thermoplastic polymer that is selected from polyolefin, polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, styrene copolymers, ethylene alkyl methacrylate copolymer, polypropylene, maleated polypropylene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, polyamide, polyester, blends thereof, or copolymers thereof.","label":"Household","id":576} +{"sentence":"RUBBER COMPOSITION AND PNEUMATIC TIREProvided are: a rubber composition that improves fuel economy, wet grip performance, and dry grip performance together while maintaining the balance between them; and a pneumatic tire whose component (particularly tread) includes the rubber composition. The invention relates to a rubber composition containing: a rubber component containing a copolymer; and a silica, wherein the copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene, styrene, and a compound of formula (I) below, has an amino group at a first chain end and a functional group containing at least one atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and silicon at second chain end, and has a Mw of 1.0×105-2.5×106, and the silica has an average length W1between branched particles Z-Z inclusive of the branched particles Zs of 30-400 nm, wherein the branched particles Zs are each adjacent to at least three particles; wherein R1represents a C1-C10 hydrocarbon group.1 . A rubber composition, comprising: a rubber component comprising a copolymer; and a silica, wherein the copolymer is obtained by copolymerization of 1,3-butadiene, styrene, and a compound represented by formula (I) below, has an amino group at a first chain end and a functional group containing at least one atom selected from the group consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and silicon at a second chain end, and has a weight average molecular weight of 1.0×105to 2.5×106, and the silica has an average length W1between branched particles Z-Z inclusive of the branched particles Zs of 30 to 400 nm, wherein the branched particles Zs are each adjacent to at least three particles; wherein R1represents a C1 to C10 hydrocarbon group.","label":"Automobile","id":577} +{"sentence":"Process to remove silanol from the preparation of a modified polymerThe invention provides a method for a preparation of a polymer selected from the following: (a) modified interpolymer comprising, in polymerized form, a conjugated diene and an aromatic alpha-olefin, or (b) a modified polymer comprising, in polymerized form, a conjugated diene; and wherein said method comprising at least the following steps: polymerizing monomers comprising at least one conjugated diene monomer in at least one polymerization reactor, in the presence of at least one solvent, to form the polymer, optionally coupling a fraction of the polymer chains using at least one coupling agent, modifying the polymer with at least one modifying agent, in at least one reactor, in the presence of the at least one solvent, to form a modified polymer solution; optionally, contacting the modified polymer solution with at least one proton donating compound; contacting the modified polymer solution with water; removing the at least one solvent; contacting the removed solvent with at least one material that will react with, and\/or adsorb, silanol to form a purified solvent, recirculating the purified solvent back to the at least one polymerization reactor or to a storage container.1. A method for a preparation of a polymer selected from the following: (a) modified interpolymer comprising, in polymerized form, a conjugated diene and an aromatic alpha-olefin, or (b) a modified polymer comprising, in polymerized form, a conjugated diene; and wherein said method comprising at least the following steps: polymerizing monomers comprising at least one conjugated diene monomer in at least one polymerization reactor, in the presence of at least one solvent, to form the polymer, optionally coupling a fraction of the polymer chains using at least one coupling agent, modifying the polymer with at least one modifying agent, in at least one reactor, in the presence of the at least one solvent, to form a modified polymer solution; optionally, contacting the modified polymer solution with at least one proton donating compound; contacting the modified polymer solution with water to form a silanol; removing the at least one solvent; contacting the removed solvent with at least one material that will react with, and\/or adsorb, the silanol to form a purified solvent, recirculating the purified solvent back to the at least one polymerization reactor or to a storage container.","label":"Automobile","id":578} +{"sentence":"Porous and non-porous nanostructures and application thereofA method for producing a fiber membrane of nanofibers that have both smooth and porous surface features. The method includes materials processing using polymer mixes with solvents and melt polymers with additives. The method includes nanomaterial incorporation onto a fiber structure after formation of the fiber structure. The fiber structure can be a part of a nanoparticle carrier material, a nanoparticle disposal medium, a lighting medium, and a catalysis medium.1. A device for stimulable light emission, comprising: a fiber mat including, nanofibers having an average fiber diameter in a range between 100 and 2000 nm and having a surface pore on at least one of the nanofibers increasing a surface area of the at least one of the nanofibers; and plural light stimulable particles disposed in association with the nanofibers and configured to produce secondary light emission upon receiving primary light at a visible wavelength λ; and said average fiber diameter being comparable in size to the wavelength λ in order to provide scattering sites within the fiber mat for the primary light at the visible wavelength λ.","label":"IndustConst","id":579} +{"sentence":"Process for separating phenol from a mixture comprising at least hydroxyacetone, cumene, water and phenolPhenol is separated from a mixture containing hydroxyacetone, cumene, water and phenol, by fractionating the mixture in a process with a fractional distillation step and a phase separation step to provide a single phenol fraction containing less than 300 ppm of hydroxyacetone. In the work-up by distillation of cleavage product mixtures, the hydroxyacetone can be removed from the cleavage product mixture together with a phenol fraction from which the hydroxyacetone has to be removed. A process can be used for purifying cleavage product mixtures obtained in the cleavage of alkylaryl hydroperoxides such as cumene hydroperoxide. The process allows separation of phenol and acetone from mixtures obtained in the cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide.1. A process for separating phenol from a mixture comprising at least hydroxyacetone, cumene, water and phenol, said process comprising feeding the mixture into a distillation apparatus, fractionally distilling the mixture to provide a phenol-containing fraction and a further fraction comprising at least hydroxyacetone, cumene and water, separating the further fraction into an aqueous phase and an organic phase, and returning at least a part of the aqueous phase to the distillation apparatus, wherein the phenol-containing fraction comprises less than 300 ppm of hydroxyacetone.","label":"Process","id":580} +{"sentence":"Silica aerogels and their preparationSilica aerogels with improved properties are disclosed together with methods for synthesizing such aerogels. The improved properties include lower thermal conductivity (better insulating capacity), lower acoustic velocity, lower dielectric constant and improved ductility. Greater tunability of the refractive index can also be achieved. The silica aerogels are prepared by a sol-gel processing method that provides better control of the formation of aerogel structures. Generally speaking, the improvements arise from control of the synthesis to create a morphology of primary clusters and diverse-sized secondary clusters of dense silica aerogels separated by less densely packed regions. By providing a broader range of secondary clusters and\/or pore sizes and loose connectivity between clusters, reductions can be achieved in thermal conductivity and flexural modulus.1. A silica aerogel, free of a non-silica content, comprising: a network of primary silicate clusters comprising silica particles having diameters from 1 to 10 nm interconnected to form diversely-sized secondary silicate clusters having diameters greater than 20 nm, a porosity of greater than about 80 percent, a diverse range of pore sizes with pores of less than 5 nm in size and pores greater than 50 nm in size, wherein the range of pore sizes exhibits a distribution curve having full-width-half-max range of at least 30 nm, a bulk density between about 0.08 g\/cm3and about 0.12 g\/cm3, a surface area greater than about 800 m2\/g, a flexural modulus less than about 1×106Pascal, and a thermal conductivity less than about 14 mW\/mK at one atmosphere of pressure.","label":"IndustConst","id":581} +{"sentence":"Processes for the preparation of high-cis polydienesDisclosed herein are solution polymerization processes for producing a high-cis polydiene. The processes include polymerizing at least one conjugated diene monomer in an organic solvent in the presence of at least one thiol compound and a lanthanide-based catalyst composition to produce a polydiene having a cis-1,4-linkage content of 90-99%. The at least one thiol compound is represented by the general formula R—S—H, where R is a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group. The lanthanide-based catalyst composition comprises (a) a lanthanide compound, (b) an alkylating agent, and (c) a halogen source, where (c) may optionally be provided by (a), (b), or both (a) and (b). The molar ratio of the at least one thiol compound to the lanthanide compound used in the polymerization process ranges from 0.01:1 to 100:1. Improved solution polymerization processes regarding the same are also disclosed herein.1. A solution polymerization process for producing a high-cis polydiene, comprising: polymerizing at least one conjugated diene monomer in an organic solvent in the presence of at least one thiol compound and a lanthanide-based catalyst composition to produce a polydiene having a cis-1,4-linkage of 90-99%, wherein the at least one thiol compound is represented by the general formula R—S—H, where R is a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group; wherein the lanthanide-based catalyst composition comprises (a) a lanthanide compound, (b) an alkylating agent including an aluminoxane, and (c) a halogen source, where (c) may optionally be provided by (a), (b), or both (a) and (b); and wherein the molar ratio of the at least one thiol compound to the lanthanide compound ranges from 0.01:1 to 100:1.","label":"Automobile","id":582} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene and process for production thereofThis invention relates to a process for polymerizing olefins in which the amount of trimethylaluminum in a methylalumoxane solution is adjusted to be from 6 to 25 mole %, prior to use as an activator, where the mole % trimethylaluminum is determined by1H NMR of the solution prior to combination with any support. This invention also relates to a process for polymerizing olefins in which the amount of an unknown species present in a methylalumoxane solution is adjusted to be from 0.10 to 0.65 integration units prior to use as an activator, where the unknown species is the peak is identified in the1H NMR spectra of the solution performed prior to combination with any support. Preferably, the methylalumoxane solution is present in a catalyst system also comprising a metallocene transition metal compound.1. A process for adjusting the properties of a linear low density polyethylene while polymerizing ethylene and hexene to produce a linear low density polyethylene in which the amount of trimethylaluminum in a methylalumoxane solution is reduced within the range from 25 mole % to 1 mole % at a given hydrogen concentration in order to decrease the weight percent of medium density polyethylene component produced, prior to use as an activator, where the mole % trimethylaluminum is determined by1H NMR, on the basis of the aluminum content, of the solution prior to combination with any support and wherein: 1) the methylalumoxane solution is present in a catalyst system also comprising a hafnium metallocene transition metal compound; 2) the catalyst system, prior to combination with any support, has an aluminum to transition metal molar ratio of 175:1 or less; 3) the olefins comprise ethylene; and 4) a polymer comprising at least 50 mol % ethylene units is obtained.","label":"Construct","id":583} +{"sentence":"High activity, low molecular weight olefin polymerization processGroup 4 metal complexes comprising a polyvalent, heteroaryl donor ligand and their use as components of olefin polymerization catalysts, especially suited for preparing propylene\/ethylene copolymer products having high isotacticity and low molecular weight, are disclosed.1. A process wherein propylene and ethylene are copolymerized at a temperature from 100 to 130° C., a pressure from 100 kPa to 10 MPa, and a propylene\/hydrogen flow ratio (g propylene\/hr:g H2\/hr) from 5000 to 50,000 in the presence of a a metal complex corresponding to the formula: wherein, X is an anionic ligand group; and covalent bonds are represented by lines and coordination interactions are represented by arrows to prepare a propylene\/ethylene copolymer having a Mw from 50,000 to 150,000, a Mw\/Mn from 2.0 to 10, a density from 0.860 to 0.885, an ethylene content from 5 to 15 weight percent, an isotacticity (percent mm) of at least 90, and a B-value from 1.03 to 1.09.","label":"HouseConst","id":584} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing low molecular weight olefin (CO) polymer and polymerization catalyst used thereofThe present invention provides a process for preparing a low molecular weight olefin (co)polymer having a narrow molecular weight distribution with high productivity, by polymerizing or copolymerizing an olefin in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst comprising (A) a specific Group 4 transition metal compound, and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (B-1) an organometallic compound, (B-2) an organoaluminum compound, (B-3) an organoaluminum oxy-compound, and (B-4) a compound which reacts with the Group 4 transition metal compound (A) to form an ion pair; and compounds useful in that process.1 . An olefin polymerization catalyst suitable for preparing a low molecular weight olefin (co)polymer by homopolymerizing or copolymerizing an olefin, which comprises: (A) a Group 4 transition metal compound represented by the following formula (1), and (B) at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (B-1) an organometallic compound, (B-2) an organoaluminum compound, (B-3) an organoaluminum oxy-compound, and (B-4) a compound that reacts with the Group 4 transition metal compound (A) to form an ion pair; wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13and R14are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group, and a silicon-containing group, and are the same or different; and each adjacent pair of substituents R1to R14may be taken together to form a ring; M is Ti, Zr or Hf; Y is a Group 14 atom; each Q is independently selected from the group consisting of: a halogen, a hydrocarbon group, a neutral conjugated or non-conjugated diene having 10 or fewer carbon atoms, an anionic ligand, and a neutral ligand that can be coordinated with a lone electron pair; n is an integer of from 2 to 4; and j is an integer of from 1 to 4.","label":"HouseConst","id":585} +{"sentence":"Method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethaneThe invention relates to a method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane. The inventive method is characterized in that it consists of bringing the ethane into contact with the catalyst containing Mo, Te, V, Nb and at least a fifth element A which is selected from Cu, Ta, Sn, Se, W, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, Sb, Bi, an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal and a rare earth, in which at least Mo, Te, V and Nb are present in the form of at least one oxide, said catalyst presenting, in calcined form, an X-ray diffractogram with more than ten intense diffraction lines, typically, the most intense lines corresponding to diffraction angles 2Θ of 7.7°±0.4, 8.9°±0.4, 22.1°+0.4, 26.6°±0.4, 26.9°±0.4, 27.1°±0.4, 28.1°±0.4, 31.2°±0.4, 35.0°±0.4 and 45.06°±0.1. A method for the oxidative dehydrogenation of ethane, comprising placing ethane in contact with a catalyst comprising Mo, Te, V, Nb and at least a fifth element A which is selected from the group consisting of Cu, Ta, Sn, Se, W, Ti, Fe, Co, Ni, Cr, Zr, Sb, Bi, an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal and a rare earth, and which, in calcined form, presents an X-ray diffractogram with intense diffraction lines corresponding to diffraction angles 2Θ of 7.7°±0.4, 8.90°±0.4, 22.1°±0.4, 26.6°±0.4, 26.9°±0.4, 27.1°±0.4, 28.1°±0.4, 31.2°±0.4, 35.0°±0.4, and 45.06°±0.4.","label":"Catalyst","id":586} +{"sentence":"Polymer bound single-site catalystsA single-site catalyst is disclosed. The catalyst comprises a transition metal complex, an activator, and an allylic alcohol-containing polymer. The catalyst has high activity and great capability to incorporate higher α-olefins into polyethylene. The polyethylene produced has high molecular weight and low density.1. A catalyst composition which comprises a transition metal complex, an activator, and a polymer comprising recurring unit of an allylic alcohol.","label":"Catalyst","id":587} +{"sentence":"Ethylene oligomerizationThe oligomerization of ethylene using a chromium catalyst having a bridged diphosphine ligand can produce a selective product distribution (to predominantly hexene or predominantly octene\/hexene) when activated with an aluminoxane. The oligomerization reaction also produces polymer by product—particularly when the aluminoxane is provided in a non-aromatic solvent. The present invention mitigates this problem.1 . A process for the oligomerization of ethylene, said process comprising: A) a first step wherein an activator is prepared by the partial hydrolysis of a solution of an alkyl aluminum with water; B) a second step comprising contacting: a) said activator; b) a catalyst comprising a source of chromium and a ligand defined by the formula (R1)(R2)—P1-bridge-P2(R3)(R4) wherein R1, R2, R3and R4are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl and heterohydrocarbyl and the bridge is a divalent moiety that is bonded to both phosphorus atoms; and c) ethylene, wherein said a), b) and c) are contacted in an oligomerization reactor under oligomerization conditions, with the provisos that: 1) said first step is conducted in a non aromatic solvent for said alkyl aluminum; 2) said alkyl aluminum consists essentially of trimethylaluminum; 3) the amount of said aluminum used is said first step is from 0.5 to 3 weight %, based on the combined weight of said aluminum and said non aromatic solvent; and 4) said activator is used in said second step within 7 days from when said activator is prepared.","label":"Catalyst","id":588} +{"sentence":"DentifriceThere is disclosed in this specification an improved composition for reducing dental plaque and calculus formation, comprising zinc ions and an organoleptically acceptable enzyme, which may be a protease, carbohydrase, or lipase, or mixtures of these enzymes.1. A fluoride-free toothpaste composition capable of reducing dental plaque and calculus consisting essentially of by weight: ______________________________________ Dental Polishing Agent 1% - 70% Humectant and water 30% - 80% Foaming Agent 0% - 5% Non-enzyme bound, pharmaceuti- cally acceptable zinc salt of acetate, benzoate, borate, car- bonate, citrate, dl-lactate trihydrate, phenolsulfonate, silicate, an alkanoate having 8 to 18 carbon atoms, salicylate, stannate, sulfate, tannate or titanate; 0.1% - 20% Protease, carbohydrase or lip- ase enzyme preparation 0.1% - 20% ______________________________________","label":"IndustConst","id":589} +{"sentence":"Low gloss thermoplastic composition, method of making, and articles formed therefromA thermoplastic composition comprises a polycarbonate, an acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer, and a low gloss additive, wherein the 60° gloss is measured to be less than or equal to 90 GU according to ASTM D2457. The thermoplastic composition has excellent low gloss performance and mechanical performance. A method of making the thermoplastic composition, and an article comprising the thermoplastic composition are also disclosed.1. A thermoplastic composition comprising a resin composition comprising: 50 wt % to 98 wt % polycarbonate, 1 wt % to 30 wt % acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer, and 1 wt % to 20 wt % low gloss additive comprising the reaction product of a polyepoxide and an ethylenically unsaturated nitrile containing copolymer, wherein the weight percentages are based upon a combined weight of the polycarbonate, acrylonitrile-styrene-acrylate terpolymer, and low gloss additive; wherein the 60° gloss of the thermoplastic composition is measured to be less than or equal to 90 GU on 3 millimeter color chips according to ASTM D2457.","label":"Automobile","id":590} +{"sentence":"Aerogel and metallic compositionsMetallic aerogel compositions comprising an aerogel, e.g., RF or carbon aerogel, having metallic particles dispersed on its surface are disclosed. The aerogel compositions can have a uniform distribution of small metallic particles, e.g., 1 nanometer average particle diameter. Also disclosed are processes for making the aerogel compositions comprising contacting an aerogel with a supercritical fluid containing a metallic compound. The aerogel compositions are useful, for example in the manufacture of fuel cell electrodes.1. A composition comprising an aerogel having a pore volume of at least 0.5 cm3\/g, as determined using a nitrogen adsorption\/desorption technique or equivalent, and metallic particles dispersed on a surface of said aerogel such that said composition comprises at least 10 wt. % of metallic particles based on the total weight of the composition, wherein said metallic particles include platinum and wherein said metallic particles having an average particle diameter of about 2.5 nanometers or less.","label":"IndustConst","id":591} +{"sentence":"Water-swellable hybrid material with inorganic additives and method of Producing sameThe present invention relates to a water-swellable material comprising an inherently crosslinked polymer matrix and inorganic solid particles bound therein with a time-dependent swelling behavior that corresponds to a water uptake of at least 7.5 times the inherent weight of the hybrid material within one hour, as well as the applications thereof. The present invention further relates to a method for manufacture of such a water-swellable hybrid material.1 . A water-swellable hybrid material comprising a crosslinked polymer matrix and inorganic solid particles bound therein, wherein the hybrid material has a time-dependent swelling behavior that corresponds to a water uptake of at least 7.5 times the inherent weight of the hybrid material within one hour, and said hybrid material has been produced by providing acid-group-containing monomers of the polymer matrix first and then adding the mineral materials.","label":"Household","id":592} +{"sentence":"Preparation of aldehydesThe present invention relates to a process for preparing aldehydes by reaction of olefinically unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, wherein, during the process, rhodium is added in the form of a reaction product from the reaction of metallic rhodium and\/or more than one rhodium compound with rhodium-complexing compounds and with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, the use of said reaction product in catalytic processes and also the preparation of a catalytic composition with addition of said reaction product.1. In a process for preparing aldehydes by reaction of olefinically unsaturated compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen at temperatures of from 20 to 200° C. and pressures form 0.1 to 50 Mpa in the liquid phase in the presence of a catalyst based on rhodium, the improvement comprising that during the process, supplementary rhodium is added in the form of a reaction product prepared by reacting metallic rhodium and\/or one or more rhodium compounds in the presence of rhodium-complexing compounds with carbon monoxide and hydrogen.","label":"Catalyst","id":593} +{"sentence":"Elastic polypropylene-based film compositionsDisclosed in part is a composition comprising one or more propylene-α-olefin copolymer(s) comprising propylene-derived units and from 5 to 35 wt % (by weight of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer) of ethylene-derived units and\/or C4 to C10 α-olefin-derived units, and having a Mooney viscosity [ML (1+4) @ 125° C.] as determined according to ASTM D1646, of less than 50, and a Hf of less than 75 J\/g; and one or more ethylene-ester copolymer(s). The composition is suitable for an elastic film, and in particular suitable for a two or more layered film wherein the skin (outer) layer also includes anti-block and slip agents.1. A film comprising a composition comprising (a) one or more propylene-α-olefin copolymer(s) comprising propylene-derived units and from 5 to 35 wt % (by weight of the propylene-α-olefin copolymer) of ethylene-derived units and\/or C4 to C10 α-olefin-derived units, and having a Mooney viscosity [ML (1+4) @ 125° C.] as determined according to ASTM D1646, of less than 50, a Hf of less than 75 J\/g, and a triad tacticity of three propylene units of at least 75%; and (b) one or more ethylene-ester copolymer(s).","label":"Automobile","id":594} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent resin composition and its production processThere are disclosed a water-absorbent resin composition and its production process, wherein the water-absorbent resin composition causes little gel-blocking and is excellent in the liquid permeability and liquid diffusibility and is high also in the absorption performances and further is strong also against the physical damage; and there are further disclosed a water-absorbent resin composition and its production process, wherein the water-absorbent resin composition has the following further advantages, in addition to the above, of involving little segregation of the metal compound and further having a dust prevention effect. One of water-absorbent resin compositions according to the present invention is a water-absorbent resin composition comprising water-absorbent resin particles obtained by polymerizing a monomer including acrylic acid and\/or its salt, with the composition having a mass-average particle diameter of 100 to 600 μm and comprising water-soluble polyvalent metal salt particles and the water-absorbent resin particles that have been surface-crosslinked.1. A water-absorbent resin composition, which is a water-absorbent resin composition comprising water-absorbent resin particles obtained by polymerizing a monomer including acrylic acid and\/or its salt, with the composition having a mass-average particle diameter of 100 to 600 μm and comprising water-soluble polyvalent metal salt particles and the water-absorbent resin particles that have been surface-crosslinked, and where at least a part of the water-absorbent resin particles are agglomerates, and at least a part of the water-soluble polyvalent metal salt particles are fused to surfaces of the water-absorbent resin particles.","label":"Household","id":595} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent cross-linked polymers in foam formWater-absorbing foamlike crosslinked polymers which are obtainable by (I) foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture which consists of (a) monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups, which are at least 50 mol % neutralized, (b) with or without other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, (c) crosslinker, (d) initiators, (e) from 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one surfactant, (f) with or without one or more solubilizers and (g) with or without thickeners, foam stabilizers, polymerization regulators, fillers and\/or cell nucleating agents, the foaming being performed by dispersing fine bubbles of a gas inert to free radicals, and (II) polymerizing the foamed mixture with formation of a foamed hydrogel, with or without adjusting the water content of the foamed polymer to from 1 to 60% by weight, processes for their preparation and their use in sanitary articles which are used for absorbing body fluids and in dressing materials for covering wounds are described.1. A process for preparing water-absorbing foamlike crosslinked polymers, which comprises foaming a polymerizable aqueous mixture of (a) monoethylenically unsaturated monomers containing acid groups, which are at least 50 mol % neutralized, (b) with or without other monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, (c) crosslinkers, (d) with or without one or more polymerization initiators, (e) from 0.1 to 20% by weight of at least one surfactant, (f) with or without one or more solubilizers and (g) with or without thickeners, foam stabilizers, polymerization regulators, fillers and\/or cell nucleating agents in a first process stage by dispersing fine bubbles of a gas inert to free radicals and polymerizing the resulting foam in a second process stage with formation of a foamed hydrogel, the polymerization being started by contact heating and\/or irradiating with light from the UV\/visible region a layer of the foamed mixture on both surfaces.","label":"Household","id":596} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with hydroxyl group-containing diphenylethyleneVulcanizates with desirable properties can be obtained from compounds incorporating polymers that include hydroxyl group-containing diphenylethylene-type functionalities. The functionalities can be incorporated by using any or all of appropriate initiators, monomers and optional terminating compounds. Such polymers exhibit excellent interactivity with both conventional and non-conventional fillers.1. A method for providing a functionalized polymer comprising providing an initiator having the general formula where M is an alkali metal atom, R is a hydrocarbyl group, each Gp independently is a protecting group, each of R1and R2independently is a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group, m is an integer of from 2 to 5 inclusive, and n is an integer of from 0 to 5 inclusive; and introducing said initiator to, or introducing to said initiator, ethylenically unsaturated monomers that comprise at least one polyenes and one or more types of vinyl aromatic compounds, thereby providing said functionalized polymer, the radical of said initiator constituting one end of the chain of said functionalized polymer and said functionalized polymer having random microstructure.","label":"Automobile","id":597} +{"sentence":"Methacrylic acid ester resin compositionA methacrylic acid ester composition comprising 10 to 50 parts by weight of a cross-linked acrylic acid ester elastomer (A) and 50 to 90 parts by weight of a resin component, the total amount of the elastomer (A) and the resin component being 100 parts by weight; which is prepared by (a) preparing the cross-linked acrylic acid ester elastomer (A) by emulsion-polymerization, (b) adding a monomer component (B) to the elastomer (A) in the emulsion, and (c) polymerizing a monomer mixture (2) in the presence of the elastomer (A) to give the resin component. The composition is excellent in the processibility and can provide the film having the excellent transparency, weatherability, flexbility and whitening resistance to hot water.1. A resin composition comprising the product of a two stage emulsion polymerization, which product comprises: (A) 10 to 50 parts by weight, per 100 parts of said resin composition, of a crosslinked acrylic acid ester elastomer which was prepared by emulsion polymerizing a first monomer mixture (1) comprising not less than 60% by weight of an alkyl acrylate (i), having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in its alkyl group; not more than 40% by weight of an alkyl methacrylate (ii), having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in its alkyl group; and 0.1 to 20% by weight, based on the combined weight of said first monomer mixture (1), of a polyfunctional monomer having not less than 2 non-conjugated double bonds per one molecule, copolymerizable with said alkyl acrylate (i) and said alkyl methacrylate (ii); and (B) emulsion graft polymerized onto said elastomer, in the effective presence of 0.01 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of grafting monomers, of a chain transfer agent; 50 to 90 parts by weight, per 100 parts of said resin composition, of a monomer mixture of not less than 60% by weight of an alkyl methacrylate, having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in its alkyl group, and not more than 40% by weight of an alkyl acrylate having 1 to 8 carbon atoms in its alkyl group.","label":"IndustConst","id":598} +{"sentence":"PolymersCopolymers of ethylene and α-olefins having (a) a density (D) in the range 0.900-0.940 g\/cm3, (b) a melt index MI2 (2.16 kg, 190° C.) in the range of 0.01-50 g\/10 min, (c) a melt index MI2 (2.16 kg, 190° C.) and Dow Rheology Index (DRI) satisfying the equation [DRI\/MI2]>2.65, and (d) a Dart Drop Impact (DDI) in g of a blown film having a thickness of 25 μm produced from the copolymer satisfying the equation DDI≧1900×{1−Exp [−750(D−0.908)2]}×{Exp [(0.919−D)\/0.0045]}. The copolymers may be prepared using metallocene catalysis and are preferably prepared in multistage processes carried out in loop reactors in the slurry phase. The copolymers exhibit long chain branching as defined by Dow Rheology Index (DRI) and exhibit unexpected improvements in mechanical properties, in particular dart drop impact, when extruded into blown films.1. A copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin said copolymer having (a) a density D in the range 0.900-0.940 g\/cm3, (b) a melt index MI2(2.16 kg, 190° C.) in the range of 0.01-50 g\/10 min, (c) a melt index MI2(2.16 kg, 190° C.) and Dow Rheology Index (DRI) satisfying the equation [DRI\/MI2]>2.65, and (d) a Dart Drop Impact (DDI) in g of a blown film having a thickness of 25 μm produced from the copolymer satisfying the equation DDI≧19000×{1−Exp[−750(D−0.908)2]}×{Exp[(0.919−D)\/0.0045]}.","label":"HouseConst","id":599} +{"sentence":"Poly(vinyl acetal) resin compositions, layers, and interlayers having enhanced optical propertiesResin compositions, layers, and interlayers comprising two or more thermoplastic polymers and at least one RI balancing agent for adjusting the refractive index of at least one of the resins or layers is provided. Such compositions, layers, and interlayers exhibit enhanced optical properties while retaining other properties, such as impact resistance and acoustic performance.1. A plasticizer comprising a benzoate comprising at least one of the following compounds: 2-ethylhexyloxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate; 2-ethylhexyloxyethyl benzoate, 2-ethylhexyloxyethoxylethyl benzoate, ethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, butoxyethoxyethoxyethyl benzoate, and combinations thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":600} +{"sentence":"Metallocene-produced very low density polyethylenes or linear low density polyethylenes as impact modifiersIn one embodiment, the present invention is directed to an article, such as a blow-molded bottle, formed from a polymer blend composition. In one aspect, the article is formed by blow-molding techniques. In one aspect, the article is a blow-molded container having a Bruceton Mean Drop Height of 3.8 feet or above. In another aspect, the article is a blow-molded container having a volume of 60 fluid ounces or greater. In general, the polymer blend composition comprises polypropylene and an impact modifier of metallocene-produced very low density polyethylene or linear low density polyethylene. In one embodiment, the polypropylene polymer comprises a random copolymer. In one embodiment the metallocene-catalyzed linear very low density polyethylene polymer has one or more of the following: (a) a density of less than 0.916 g\/cm3, (b) a composition distribution breadth index of 50 to 85% by weight, (c) a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 2.0 to 3.0, (d) a molecular weight distribution Mz\/Mw of less than 2.0, and (e) two peaks in a TREF measurement. In one embodiment, the polymer blend composition comprises 5% to 85% of the impact modifier and 95% to 15% of the polypropylene polymer, based on the total combined weight of the polypropylene polymer and the impact modifier. In another embodiment, the polymer blend composition comprises 5% to 35% of the impact modifier and 95% to 65% of the polypropylene polymer, based on the total combined weight of the polypropylene polymer and the impact modifier.1. A polymer blend composition comprising: (a) a metallocene-catalyzed linear very low density polyethylene polymer having: (i) a density of 0.890 to 0.916 cm3, (ii) a composition distribution breadth index of 50 to 85% by weight, (iii) a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 2.0 to 3.0, (iv) a molecular weight distribution Mz\/Mw of less than 2.0, and (v) two peaks in a TREF measurement; and (b) a random polypropylene polymer; wherein the blend comprises 5% to 85% of the very low density polyethylene polymer and 95% to 15% of the polypropylene polymer, based on the total combined weight of the polypropylene polymer and the very low density polyethylene polymer.","label":"Construct","id":601} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of a superabsorbent polymerThe present invention relates to superabsorbent polymer comprising the comprising the free radical polymerization product of an aqueous monomer mixture containing at least one α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer; at least one monomer having at least two α,β-ethylenically unsaturated groups; a crosslinking agent having at least two polymerizable double bonds; iron ions in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 3 wppm based on the total weight of the aqueous monomer mixture; and at least one chelating agent in an amount to provide a molar ratio of chelating agent to iron ion of from about 0.8 to about 4.0.1. A superabsorbent polymer comprising the free radical polymerization product of an aqueous monomer mixture containing at least one α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer comprises acrylic acid that is at least partially neutralized and polymerizable into a water-soluble polymer; at least one monomer having at least two α,β-ethylenically unsaturated groups; from about 0.0005 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts of the α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer of a crosslinking agent having at least two polymerizable double bonds in the molecular unit to covalently crosslink the resulting water-soluble polymer; iron ions in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 3 wppm based on the total weight of the aqueous monomer mixture; and at least one chelating agent in an amount to provide a molar ratio of chelating agent to iron ion of from about 0.8 to about 4.0.","label":"Household","id":602} +{"sentence":"Conjugated diene polymer, method for producing conjugated diene polymer, and conjugated diene polymer compositionA conjugated diene polymer is provided that contains a conjugated diene-based monomer unit and a group represented by Formula (I) below, at least peaks H, M, and L below being present in a molecular weight distribution curve obtained by gel permeation chromatography measurement, and when the total area of the molecular weight distribution curve is 100%, the total peak area of peak H is 3% to 30%, the total peak area of peak M is 5% to 45%, and the total peak area of peak L is 40% to 80% (in Formula (I), R1and R2independently denote a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbonoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, or a polymer chain containing a conjugated diene-based monomer unit, m denotes an integer of 0 to 10, and A1denotes a polar functional group that does not have an active hydrogen) Peak H: a peak for which the molecular weight at the peak top is higher than the molecular weight at the peak top of peak M Peak M: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.6×MH to 0.8×MH Peak L: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.2×MH to 0.4×MH.1. A conjugated diene polymer comprising a conjugated diene-based monomer unit and a group represented by Formula (I) below, wherein at least peaks H, M, and L below are present in a molecular weight distribution curve obtained by gel permeation chromatography measurement, and when the total area of the molecular weight distribution curve is 100%, the total peak area of peak H is 3% to 30%, the total peak area of peak M is 5% to 45%, and the total peak area of peak L is 40% to 80% (in Formula (I), R1and R2independently denote a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbonoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, or a polymer chain comprising a conjugated diene-based monomer unit, m denotes an integer of 0 to 10, and A1denotes a polar functional group that does not have an active hydrogen) Peak H: a peak for which the molecular weight at the peak top is higher than the molecular weight at the peak top of peak M Peak M: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.6×MH to 0.8×MH Peak L: a peak for which, when the molecular weight at the peak top of peak H is MH, the molecular weight at the peak top is 0.2×MH to 0.4×MH.","label":"Automobile","id":603} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of polyvalent alcoholsThe invention relates to a process for the preparation of polyvalent alcohols by hydrogenation of an aldehyde. According to the invention said aldehyde is obtained by aldolisation reaction of an aldehyde containing an α hydrogen atom and having the formula R1CHO, or the mixture of said aldehyde with a second different aldehyde having the formula or R2CHO, wherein R1is selected from alkyl having 1-12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, aryl and aralkyl having 1-14 carbon atoms, and R2is selected from H, alkyl having 1-12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, aryl and aralkyl having 1-14 carbon atoms, said aldolisation being carried out in the presence of a weak base anion exchange resin, and the hydrogenation being carried out in the presence of a solvent and a hydrogenation catalyst.1. A process for the preparation of polyvalent alcohols by hydrogenation of an aldehyde, which comprises: conducting an aldolisation reaction to obtain an aldehyde containing an α hydrogen atom and having the formula R1CHO, or a mixture of said aldehyde with a second different aldehyde having the formula of R2CHO, wherein R1is selected from alkyl having 1-12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, aryl and aralkyl having 1-14 carbon atoms, and R2is selected from H, alkyl having 1-12 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl, aryl, and aralkyl having 1-14 carbon atoms, wherein the aldolisation reaction is carried out in the presence of a weak base anion exchange resin at a temperature of 50 to 80° C.; and conducting a hydrogenation reaction on the aldehyde to prepare a polyvalent alcohol, wherein the hydrogenation reaction is carried out in the presence of a solvent and a hydrogenation catalyst.","label":"Process","id":604} +{"sentence":"COPOLYMERS AND FILMS THEREOFCopolymers of ethylene and α-olefins having C7—C12 carbon atoms having: (a) a density (D) in the range 0.900-0.940 g\/cm3, (b) a melt index MI2 (2.16 kg, 190° C.) in the range of 0.01-50 g\/10 min, (c) a melt elastic modulus G′ (G″=500 Pa) in the range 20 to 150 Pa, and (d) a tear strength (MD) of ≧220 g, a tear strength (TD) of ≧470 g, and a Dart Drop Impact (DDI) of ≧1800 g of a blown film having a thickness of 25 μm produced from the copolymer; where MD is referred to the machine direction and TD is the transverse direction of the blown film are suitably prepared in the gas phase by use of a supported metallocene catalyst system. Particularly suitable are copolymers of ethylene and 1-octene and the resultant blown films show improved processability and exhibit an improved balance of film properties of dart impact and tear strength.22 . A copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin having C7 to C12 carbon atoms, said copolymer having (a) a density (D) in the range 0.900-0.940 g\/cm3, (b) a melt index MI2 (2.16 kg, 190° C.) in the range of 0.01- 50 g\/10 min, (c) a melt elastic modulus G′ (G″=500 Pa) in the range 20 to 150 Pa, and (d) a tear strength (MD) of ≧220 g, a tear strength (TD) of ≧470 g, and a Dart Drop Impact (DDI) of ≧1800 g of a blown film having a thickness of 25 μm produced from the copolymer, where MD is referred to the machine direction and TD is the transverse direction of the blown film.","label":"HouseConst","id":605} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing a flexible superabsorbent binder polymer compositionA process of making the flexible superabsorbent binder polymer composition includes preparing a preneutralized monomer solution having at least about 40 mol % degree of neutralization, preparing a monomer solution including monoethylenically unsaturated monomers, one of which includes an alkyloxysilane functionality, preparing initiator system solutions and adding the solutions to the monomer solution, mixing the foregoing solutions into a polymerization solution, cooling the polymerization solution, and post neutralizing the polymer.1. A process for making a flexible superabsorbent binder polymer composition comprising the steps of: a) preparing a preneutralized monomer solution where the acidic monomer is at least partially neutralized; b) adding a mixture of low molecular weight polyolefinic glycols having a molecular weight from about 200 to about 10,000, and an ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a trialkoxysilane functional group to the preneutralized monomer solution; c) preparing at least 2 initiator system solutions; d) continuously adding the monomer solution of step b) during polymerization and the at least 2 initiator system solutions of step c) to water to form a mixture wherein the mixture reacts to form a polymer; e) optionally adding the at least 2 initiator system solutions of step c) at an accelerated flow rate; f) cooling the polymer; and g) post-neutralizing the cooled polymer of step f) to increase the neutralization of the polymer to at least about 60 mol %.","label":"Household","id":606} +{"sentence":"Partially saponified triglycerides, their methods of manufacture and use as polymer additivesHomogeneous partially saponified triglycerides are made consisting essentially of metal salts or fatty acid and mono-, di- and triglycerides without the need for a compatibilizing additive. The PSTs are useful as lubricants, antistats and neutralizers for polymers. The PSTs are formed in situ by reacting a fat or oil under controlled conditions with a catalyst and at a sufficiently high temperature to achieve a homogeneous composition.1. A homogeneous partially saponified triglyceride composition having components consisting essentially of about 5 to about 95 percent by weight of a metal salt of a fatty acid of said triglyceride, and about 95 to about 5 percent by weight of a mixture of monoglyceride, diglyceride and triglyceride derived from said triglyceride, said homogeneous composition achieved in the absence of a compatibilizing agent for said components.","label":"HouseConst","id":607} +{"sentence":"Ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer suitable for use in shrinkage film applications, and articles made therefromThe instant invention provides an ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer suitable for use in shrinkage film applications, and articles made therefrom. The ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer according to the present invention has a CDBI of less than 60%, and comprises at least two fractions in crossfractionation of the ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer, eluting from 85° C. to 90° C. and from 90° C. to 95° C., comprising a weight fraction ratio of >0.68 and a molecular weight homogeneity index of greater than 0.65; wherein the weight fraction ratio is the ratio of the weight of polymer in each fraction divided by the weight of polymer eluting between 95° C. and 100° C. and the molecular weight homogeneity index is the ratio of the weight average molecular weight of the polymer in the fraction divided by the weight average molecular weight of the polymer eluting between 95° C. and 100° C., and wherein the ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer has a density in the range of 0.920 to 0.940 g\/cm3.1. An ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer, wherein the ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer has a CDBI of less than 50%, and wherein said ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer comprises at least two fractions in crossfractionation of the ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer, eluting from 85° C. to 90° C. and from 90° C. to 95° C., comprising a weight fraction ratio of >0.68 and a molecular weight homogeneity index of greater than 0.65; wherein the weight fraction ratio is the ratio of the weight of polymer in each fraction divided by the weight of polymer eluting between 95° C. and 100° C. and the molecular weight homogeneity index is the ratio of the weight average molecular weight of the polymer in the fraction divided by the weight average molecular weight of the polymer eluting between 95° C. and 100° C., and wherein said ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer has a density in the range of 0.920 to 0.940 g\/cm3.","label":"Construct","id":608} +{"sentence":"Continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid and apparatus for this purposeIn a process and an apparatus for the continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid by reacting (meth)acrylic acid and monohydric alkanols of 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the homogeneous, liquid, solvent-free phase at elevated temperatures and in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, by feeding the (meth)acrylic acid, the alkanol and the acid catalyst continuously to a reaction zone, the reaction zone consists of a cascade of at least two reaction regions connected in series, and the discharge stream of one reaction region forms a feed stream of a downstream reaction region. The cascade may have from two to four reaction regions spatially separated from one another.1. A process for the continuous preparation of alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid by reacting (meth)acrylic acid and a monohydric alkanol of 1 to 8 carbon atoms in the homogeneous, liquid, solvent-free phase at elevated temperatures and in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, in which the (meth)acrylic acid, the alkanol and the acid catalyst are fed continuously to a reaction zone, the alkyl (meth)acrylate formed is separated off by rectification, after a residence time, via the top of a rectification zone mounted on the reaction zone, as a component of at least one azeotropic mixture consisting of water or water and starting alkanol as further components in addition to the alkyl (meth)acrylate, the resulting distillate is separated into at least one organic phase containing the alkyl (meth)acrylate and into at least one water-containing aqueous phase, a part of the organic phase containing alkyl (meth)acrylate is recycled via the top of the rectification zone and, if required, water is recycled to the reaction zone, the alkyl (meth)acrylate is isolated from the excess organic phase containing the alkyl (meth)acrylate and a part of the reaction mixture is discharged continuously from the reaction zone, wherein the reaction zone consists of a cascade of at least two reaction regions, connected in series, and the discharge stream of one reaction region forms a feed stream of a subsequent reaction region and the amount by weight, based on the amount of esterification mixture contained in the particular reaction region, of the acidic esterification catalyst increases along the reaction cascade.","label":"Process","id":609} +{"sentence":"CatalystsThe present invention relates to novel metallocene catalysts of formula I, which is defined herein. The present invention also provides processes for making these catalysts and their use in olefin polymerisation reactions.1. A compound of the formula I shown below wherein: R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11 and R12 are methyl; Q is —CH2—CH2—; X is zirconium, titanium or hafnium; and each Y group is selected from halo or a (1-2C)alkyl group which is optionally substituted with halo, phenyl, or Si[(1-4C)alkyl]3.","label":"Catalyst","id":610} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde and process for preparing the sameA catalyst active and selective in the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde is prepared by mixing an aqueous molybdate solution with an aqueous solution of a ferric salt, while maintaining a Mo\/Fe atomic ratio of from 1.6:1 to 2.2:1 in the mixture, heating the resulting suspension at 70°-100° C for at least 30 minutes, washing the resulting precipitate with water, drying said precipitate to reduce its water content to 2-8% by weight, reducing the dried precipitate to granules and drying the latter to completely remove water, impregnating the dried granules with an aqueous solution of a decomposable bismuth salt and drying and calcining the impregnated granules. The catalyst consists of granules of crystalline iron molybdate and molybdenum trioxide having on their surface an interaction product thereof with bismuth oxide, said molybdenum trioxide and said bismuth being present in an amount of 5-35 wt.% and 0.5-10 wt.%, respectively, with respect to the crystalline iron molybdate.1. A method for the preparation of a catalyst active and selective in the oxidation of methanol to formaldehyde and usable in the fluidized form in said oxidation, which comprises: a. mixing an aqueous solution of a soluble molybdate having a pH value of from 1.05 to 2.8 with an aqueous solution of a soluble ferric salt at a temperature of from 20° to 80° C in such proportions as to ensure in the resulting mixture an atomic ratio of molybdenum to iron of from 1.6:1 to 2.2:1, thereby to obtain a suspension of an amorphous precipitate; b. heating said suspension for at least 30 minutes at a temperature of from 70° C to its boiling point, thereby to transform said amorphous precipitate into crystalline iron molybdate and molybdenum trioxide; c. washing the resulting precipitate with water at a temperature from 20°-25° C to 100° C to remove the soluble salts produced; d. drying the washed precipitate at a temperature not exceeding 120° C, thereby to reduce its water content to a value of from 2 to 8% by weight; e. reducing the dried precipitate to granules and drying said granules at a temperature not exceeding 300° C to completely remove water; f. impregnating said granules with an aqueous solution of decomposable bismuth salt in such conditions as to ensure an amount of deposited bismuth, expressed as metal, of from 0.5 to 10% by weight with respect to the crystalline iron molybdate; g. drying said impregnated granules and calcining them at a temperature of at least 300° C for a period of at least 4 hours.","label":"Catalyst","id":611} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene compositions having improved optical and mechanical properties and improved processability in the melted statePolyethylene composition comprising (percentages by weight): A) from 60 to 95% of an LLDPE copolymer having a density from 0.905 to 0.9 g\/cm3,Mw\/Mnvalues less than 4 and F\/E ratio values greater than 20; B) from 5 to 40% of one or more crystalline copolymers of propylene selected from among defined copolymers of propylene with ethylene and\/or higher alpha-olefins.1. Polyethylene composition comprising (percentages by weight): A) from 60 to 95% of a copolymer of ethylene with an alpha-olefin CH2=CHR,wherein R is an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 18 atoms of carbon, the said copolymer having a density from 0.905 to 0.935 g\/cm3,Mw\/Mnvalues less than 4, and F\/E ratio values greater than 20; B) from 5 to 40% of one or more crystalline copolymers of propylene selected from among (i) copolymers of propylene with ethylene containing from 3 to 8% of ethylene; (ii) copolymers of propylene with one or more alpha-olefins CH2=CHRI,where RIis an alkyl radical having from 2 to 8 carbon atoms or an aryl radical, containing from 6 to 25% of alpha-olefins CH2=CHRI; (iii) copolymers of propylene with ethylene and one or more alpha-olefins CH2=CHRI,where RIhas the aforesaid meaning, containing from 0.1 to 8% of ethylene and from 0.1 to 20% of alpha-olefins CH2=CHRI,on condition that the total content of ethylene and alpha-olefins CH2=CHRIin the copolymers (iii) is greater than or equal to 5%.","label":"HouseConst","id":612} +{"sentence":"RAPID PREPARATION PROCESS OF AEROGELDisclosed herein is a rapid preparation process of aerogel. More specifically, the present invention relates to a rapid preparation process of aerogel which enables a considerable reduction in preparation time and preparation costs via simultaneous treatment of solvent exchange and surface-modification of hydrophilic-to-hydrophobic transition. The rapid preparation process comprises mixing a cation exchange resin with sodium silicate (water glass) as a starting material, and removing the sodium ion from the sodium silicate, to subject the sodium silicate to ion exchange; adding a base catalyst and an organosilane compound to the sodium silicate to subject the sodium silicate to gelation; aging the gellized silica gel at room temperature for 2 to 4 hours to discharge water from the silica gel and to modify the surface of the silica gel into hydrophobicity; and drying the hydrophobic silica gel at atmospheric pressure for 18 to 27 hours.1 . A rapid preparation process of aerogel comprising: mixing a cation exchange resin with sodium silicate (water glass) as a starting material, and removing the sodium ion from the sodium silicate, to subject the sodium silicate to ion exchange; adding a base catalyst and an organosilane compound to the sodium silicate to subject the sodium silicate to gelation; aging the gellized silica gel at room temperature for 2 to 4 hours to discharge water from the silica gel and to modify the surface of the silica gel into hydrophobicity; and drying the hydrophobic silica gel at atmospheric pressure for 18 to 27 hours.","label":"IndustConst","id":613} +{"sentence":"Particulate graft copolymers and thermoplastic molding materials containing them and having improved colorabilityParticulate graft copolymers A) are composed of a1) from 5 to 70% by weight, based on A), of a grafting base having a glass transition temperature of less than 10° C. and based on a11) from 50 to 99.94% by weight, based on a1), of at least one alkyl acrylate where the alkyl radical is of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a12) from 0 to 49.9% by weight, based on a1), of a further monounsaturated monomer copolymerizable with b11) and a13) from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on a1), of polyfunctional crosslinking monomers, a2) from 20 to 85% by weight, based on A), of a stage polymerized in the presence of component a1) and comprising a21) from 95 to 100% by weight, based on a2), of at least one monomer having a refractive index nD20of more than 1.51 and a22) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on a2), of a polyfunctional, crosslinking monomer and a3) from 10 to 50% by weight, based on A), of at least one further stage polymerized in the presence of the product obtained after the preparation of a2) and comprising a31) from 50 to 95% by weight, based on a3), of a vinylaromatic monomer and a32) from 5 to 50% by weight, based on a3), of polar, copolymerizable comonomers selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, esters of (meth)acrylic acid where the alkyl radical is of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, maleic anhydride, (meth)acrylamide and\/or vinyl alkyl ethers where the alkyl radical is of 1 to 8 carbon atoms.1. A particulate graft copolymer A) composed of a1) from 50 to 70% by weight, based on A), of a grafting base having a glass transition temperature of less than 10° C. and based on a11) from 50 to 99.94% by weight, based on a1), of at least one alkyl acrylate where the alkyl radical is of 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a12) from 0 to 49.9% by weight, based on a1), of a further monounsaturated monomer copolymerizable with a11) and a13) from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on a1), of a polyfunctional crosslinking monomer, a2) from 20 to 85% by weight, based on A), of a highly refractive stage polymerized in the presence of component a1), and consisting of a21) from 95 to 100% by weight, based on a2), of at least one unsaturated monomer each of which having a refractive index nD20of more than 1.51 and a22) from 0 to 5% by weight, based on a2), of a polyfunctional, crosslinking monomer, the highly refractive stage being prepared by: (1) adding gradually and slowly monomers a21) and a22), and optionally a free radical initiator, to a mixture containing grafting base a1) to prepare an admixture; (2) thoroughly mixing the admixture prepared in step (1) over a period of time to prepare a thoroughly mixed admixture, wherein the steps (1) of adding the monomers and (2) of mixing the admixture are conducted at the temperature below the temperature of polymerization initiation of monomers a21) and a22); and (3) increasing the temperature of the thoroughly mixed admixture of step (2) to initiate polymerization; and a3) from 10 to 50% by weight, based on A), of at least one further stage polymerized in the presence of the product obtained after the preparation of a2) and consisting essentially of a31) from 50 to 95% by weight, based on a3), of a vinylaromatic monomer and a32) from 5 to 50% by weight, based on a3), of polar, copolymerizable comonomers selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, esters of (meth)acrylic acid where the alkyl radical is of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, maleic anhydride, (meth)acrylamide or vinyl alkyl ethers where the alkyl radical is of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or mixtures thereof.","label":"Automobile","id":614} +{"sentence":"Process and catalyst for polyolefin density and molecular weight controlCatalysts comprising (a) derivatives of mono, bi and tricyclopentadienyl coordination complexes with a transition metal and (b) and an alumoxane are employed in a process of producing polyolefins of controlled molecular weight.1. A catalyst system for the polymerization of olefins comprising (a) a metallocene catalyst component represented by the formulas [Equation] (C5R'sm)pR"s(C5R'sm)MeQ3-pand [Equation] R"s(C5R'sm)2MeQ's wherein Me is a Group 4B, 5B, 6B metal, (C5R'sm) is a substituted cyclopentadienyl, each R's, which can be the same or different, is hydrogen, ethyl, propyl, butyl, amyl, isoamyl, hexyl, isobutyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, cetyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or two adjacent carbon atoms are joined together to form a C4-C6ring, R" is a C1-C4alkylene radical, a dialkyl germanium or silicon, or an alkyl phosphine or amine radical substituting on and bridging two (C5R'sm) rings, each Q which can be the same or different is an aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkylaryl, or arylalkyl radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or halogen, Q's is an alkylidene radical having from 1-20 carbon atoms, s is 0 or 1 and when s is 0, m is 5 and p is 0, 1 or 2 and when s is 1, m is 4 and p is 1; at least one R's is a hydrocarbyl radical when at least one Q is an alkyl radical and (b) an alumoxane.","label":"Catalyst","id":615} +{"sentence":"Methods for recovering acrylic acidA method for recovering acrylic acid from high boiling impurities containing acrylic acid dimer, acrylic acid and maleic acid at high efficiency with stability which includes the steps of (1) introducing said high boiling impurities containing acrylic acid dimer, acrylic acid and maleic acid into an acrylic acid recovery column, distilling acrylic acid from the column top and recovering the same, (2) introducing bottom liquid A from said acrylic acid recovery column into a pyrolyzing tank to decompose the acrylic acid dimer in the bottom liquid A, and (3) recirculating at least a part of bottom liquid B from said pyrolyzing tank into the acrylic acid recovery column.1. A method for recovering acrylic acid from high boiling impurities containing acrylic acid dimer, acrylic acid and maleic acid, wherein the high boiling impurities containing acrylic acid dimer, acrylic acid and maleic acid is a bottom liquid obtained from a high boiling impurities separation column used in the process comprising contacting an acrylic acid-containing gas resulting from gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene and\/or acrolein with water to trap the acrylic acid in the form of an aqueous acrylic acid solution, distilling the aqueous solution in an azeotropic separation column in the presence of an azeotropic solvent, and purifying the resultant crude acrylic acid obtained from the bottom part of said azeotropic separation column in said high boiling impurities separation column, by a process which comprises (1) introducing said high boiling impurities containing acrylic acid dimer, acrylic acid and maleic acid, into an acrylic acid recovery column and recovering acrylic acid as it is distilled off from the top of the column, (2) introducing bottom liquid A from said acrylic acid recovery column into a pyrolyzing tank to decompose the acrylic acid dimer in the bottom liquid A, and then, (3) recirculating at least a part of bottom liquid B from said pyrolyzing tank into the acrylic acid recovery column.","label":"Process","id":616} +{"sentence":"Multimodal polyethylene resin for pipe made by a single-site catalystThe present invention relates to a polyethylene composition comprising a polyethylene base resin, which comprises a. an ethylene copolymer as fraction (A), and b. an ethylene homo- or copolymer as fraction (B), with fraction (A) having a lower molecular weight than fraction (B), wherein the polyethylene base resin is obtainable in a polymerisation process in which a single-site catalyst. (SSC) is used in the polymerisation of at least one of fractions (A) and (B), and the base resin has (i) a density of below 940 kg\/m3, and (ii) a MFR2 at 190 ° C.\/2.16 kg of 0.001 to 10 g\/10 min, and the composition has (iii) a flexural modulus of from 300 to 820 MPa, and to a process for the production of such a composition, and to a pipe produced from such a composition.1. A polyethylene composition comprising, a polyethylene base resin, which comprises: a. an ethylene copolymer as fraction (A), and b. an ethylene homo- or copolymer as fraction (B), with fraction (A) having a lower molecular weight than fraction (B), wherein the polyethylene base resin is obtained by a polymerization process in which a single-site catalyst (SSC) is used in the polymerization of at least one of fractions (A) and (B), and the polyethylene base resin has: (i) a density of below 940 kg\/m3, and (ii) a MFR2 at 190 20 C. \/ 2.16 kg of 0.01 to 10 g\/10 min; wherein the polyethylene composition has a flexural modulus of from 400 to 820 MPa; wherein the polyethylene composition has a shear thinning index (SHI2.7\/2.10) below 20; and wherein a loop reactor, used in the polymerization process, is operated at a temperature of between 70 to 90° C.","label":"HouseConst","id":617} +{"sentence":"Method and device for the distillative processing of 1,6-hexanediol, 1,5-pentanediol and caprolactoneA process for working up by distillation the crude products obtained in the process according to DE-A 196 07 954 and containing 1,6-hexanediol (HDO), 1,5-pentanediol (PDO) or caprolactone (CLO) in order to obtain the corresponding pure products, the working-up by distillation being carried out in each case in a dividing wall column (TK) in which a dividing wall (T) is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the column with formation of an upper common column region ( 1 ), a lower common column region ( 6 ), a feed section ( 2, 4 ) having a rectification section ( 2 ) and stripping section ( 4 ), and a take-off section ( 3, 5 ) having a stripping section ( 3 ) and rectification section ( 5 ), with feeding of the respective crude product HDO, PLO or CLO in the middle region of the feed section ( 2, 4 ) and removal of the high boiler fraction (C) from the bottom of the column, of the low boiler fraction (A) via the top of the column and of the medium boiler fraction (B) from the middle region of the take-off section ( 3, 5 ), or in thermally coupled columns.1. A process for working up by distillation crude products containing at least one of 1,6-hexanediol (HDO), 1,5-pentanediol (PDO) and caprolactone (CLO) to obtain corresponding purified products, wherein the working up by distillation is carried out in at least one of a dividing wall column (TK) and a thermally coupled column, wherein said dividing wall column consisting essentially of: a dividing wall arranged (T) in a longitudinal direction of the column; an upper common column region; a lower common column region; a feed section having a rectification section and stripping section; and, a take-off section having a stripping section and rectification section, wherein feeding of the respective crude products containing said at least one of HDO, PDO and CLO occurs in a middle region of the feed section and removal of a high boiler fraction (C) occurs at a bottom of the column, removal of a low boiler fraction (A) occurs at a top of the column, and removal of a medium boiler fraction (B) occurs at a middle region of the take-off section.","label":"Process","id":618} +{"sentence":"Functionalized polymers and vulcanizates with reduced hysteretic lossA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the step of reacting a reactive polymer with a functionalizing agent defined by formula I or formula II: or combinations thereof, where R1, R2, and R3are each independently a divalent organic group, R4and R5are each independently a monovalent organic group, a is an integer from 0 to 1, x is an integer from 0 to 2, y is an integer from 1 to 3, x+y=3, and γ is a protected amino group.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the step of: reacting a reactive polymer with a functionalizing agent defined by formula I or formula II: or combinations thereof, where R1, R2, and R3are each independently a divalent organic group, R4and R5are each independently a monovalent organic group, a is an integer from 0 to 1, x is an integer from 0 to 2, y is an integer from 1 to 3, x+y≦3, and γ is a protected amino group.","label":"Automobile","id":619} +{"sentence":"AGGLOMERATES OF PRECIPITATED SILICA, METHOD FOR THEIR PREPARATION AND THEIR USE AS FILTER MEDIUM FOR GAS FILTRATIONA micro-porous material having agglomerates of precipitated silica, according to the formula MeOx.HiSiO2, The agglomerates are composed of porous particles, and the agglomerates exhibit a size in the range 0.5-500 μm. A gas filter having the micro-porous material, and a method of filtering air through the micro-porous material.1 . A micro-porous material, comprising agglomerates of precipitated silica, according to the formula MeO2.HiSiO2 wherein Me denotes any two or more metals selected among Ca, Mg, Cu, Zn, Mn, Cd, Pb, Ni, Fe, Cr, Ag, Al, Ti, V, Co, Mo, Sn, Sb, Sr, Ba and W, and wherein x denotes the molar ratio of oxygen to metallic constituents, and wherein m denotes the molar ratio of Si\/Me, and wherein the agglomerates are composed of porous particles, said agglomerates exhibiting a size in the range 0.5-500 μm.","label":"IndustConst","id":620} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene compositions having improved propertiesPolyethylene compositions having improved properties are provided. In one aspect, a polyethylene composition having a long chain branching index (g′avg) of 0.5 to 0.9; a Melt Flow Rate (MFR) of greater than (49.011×MI(−0.4304)), where MI is Melt Index; and a weight average molecular weight to number average molecular weight (Mw\/Mn) of less than or equal to 4.6 is provided.1. A polyethylene comprising monomers of ethylene and butene, having: a long chain branching index of 0.5≦g′avg≦0.9; a melt index ratio (MIR), I21\/I2, of >(49.011×MI(−0.4304)), where MI is Melt Index; and a weight average molecular weight to number average molecular weight Mw\/Mn≦4.6.","label":"HouseConst","id":621} +{"sentence":"Use of Water-Absorbing Polymer Particles for Absorbing Blood and\/or MensesThe use of water-absorbing polymer particles for absorbing blood and\/or menses, the water-absorbing polymer particles being obtainable by polymerizing a foamed monomer solution or suspension, drying the polymeric foam and grinding the dried foam.1 . A method of absorbing blood and\/or menses comprising contacting the blood and\/or menses with water-absorbing polymer particles prepared by polymerizing a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and has been neutralized to an extent of 25 to 95 mol %, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, and d) at least one surfactant, drying the polymeric foam, and grinding the dried foam.","label":"Household","id":622} +{"sentence":"Methods for controlling polymer propertiesDisclosed herein are methods of controlling polymer properties in polymerization processes that use a chromium-based catalyst. An embodiment discloses a method of producing a polyolefin comprising: contacting a reaction mixture and a reduced chromium oxide catalyst in a gas-phase reactor to produce the polyolefin, wherein the reaction mixture comprises a monomer and a co-monomer; and changing a reaction temperature in the gas-phase reactor by about 1° C. or more whereby a gas molar ratio of the co-monomer to the monomer is changed by about 2% or more and a co-monomer content of the polyolefin at substantially constant density is changed by about 2% or more. Additional methods and compositions are also provided.1. A method of producing a polyolefin comprising: contacting a reaction mixture and a reduced chromium oxide catalyst in a gas-phase reactor to produce the polyolefin, wherein the reaction mixture comprises a monomer and a co-monomer; and decreasing a reaction temperature in the gas-phase reactor by about 2° C. or more whereby a gas molar ratio of the co-monomer to the monomer is increased by about 2% or more and a co-monomer content of the polyolefin at substantially constant density from 0.950 g\/cm3to about 0.958 g\/cm3is increased by about 2% or more.","label":"Construct","id":623} +{"sentence":"Solvent management methods for gel productionEmbodiments of the present invention describe a method for continuous manufacture of a gel material comprising the steps of: forming a gel sheet by dispensing a gel precursor mixture onto a moving element; allowing gelation to occur to the gel precursor mixture; and cooling the formed gel with a cooling system, thereby reducing the rate of solvent evaporation therefrom.1. A method for manufacture of a gel material comprising: (a) forming a gel sheet by dispensing a solution comprising a metal oxide gel precursor and a solvent onto a moving element at a first temperature, and allowing gelation of the gel precursor to occur; and (b) cooling at least one surface of the gel sheet on the moving element at a second temperature with at least one cooling system to reduce solvent evaporation from the gel sheet, wherein the second temperature is cooler than the first temperature.","label":"IndustConst","id":624} +{"sentence":"Chemicals for termination of polyvinylchloride polymerizationsButylation of a mixture of xylenols and trimethylphenols gives a product which is suitable for use as a stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride. The material can be added to the reactor during polymerization as a shortstopper and retain effectiveness as a stabilizer in the finished polymer.1. A method for terminating polyvinyl chloride polymerizations comprising injecting into the polymerization reactor at the desired level of conversion a free radical inhibitor obtained by, (1) methylating phenol with methanol in vapor phase at pressures of from about 1 to about 2500 pounds per square inch gauge, temperatures of from about 400° C. to about 700° C. and liquid hourly space velocity of from about 1 to about 15 in the presence of alumina or alumina containing catalyst and recovering a product stream therefrom; (2) distilling said product stream into desired fractions and retaining the fraction obtained at temperatures of from about 205° C. to about 230° C. at one atmosphere, and then; (3) alkylating the retained fraction with acidic catalysts at temperatures of from about 10° C. to about 110° C. and pressures of at least atmospheric while at a product fraction\/alkylating agent weight ratio of from about 1\/0.23 to about 1\/1.85 respectively, then; (4) fractionally distilling the product of (3) and retaining the fraction obtained at temperatures of from about 110° C. to about 200° C. at 30 mm of mercury.","label":"HouseConst","id":625} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with polycyano compoundsA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of polymerizing monomer to form a reactive polymer, and reacting the reactive polymer with a polycyano compound.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer consisting of conjugated diene monomer with a lanthanide-based catalyst system to form a polymer having a reactive chain end and a cis-1,4-linkage content of at least 60%; and (ii) reacting the reactive chain end with a polycyano compound, where the polycyano compound is defined by the formula N≡C—R1—C≡N, where R1is an acyclic divalent organic group that may or may not include one or more heteroatoms or R1is a cyclic divalent organic group that is devoid of heteroatoms.","label":"Automobile","id":626} +{"sentence":"Dielectric compositions comprising ethylene polymer stabilized against water treeing with epoxy containing organo silanesA dielectric composition comprising ethylene polymer and effective amounts, as a water treeing inhibitor, of at least one epoxy containing organo silane.1. A dielectric composition comprising ethylene polymer and effective amounts, as a water treeing inhibitor, of at least one organo silane of the following formula: wherein A is an epoxy containing radical; Y is C1to C8alkylene; R1is C1to C8alkyl, C1to C8alkoxy, C1to C8acyloxy, C6to C18aryloxy or substituted aryloxy; R2and R3are independently selected from C1to C8alkoxy, C1to C8acyloxy, C6to C18aryl or substituted aryl; C6to C18aryloxy or substituted aryloxy; a is an integer of 0 or 1.","label":"HouseConst","id":627} +{"sentence":"Polyolefin composition with molecular weight maximum occurring in that part of the composition that has the highest comonomer contentThe invention relates to a polyolefin copolymer composition produced with a catalyst having a metallocene, complex in a single reactor for the polymer of an α-olefin monomer with one or more olefin comonomers, and a molecule weight maximum which occurs in that 50 percent by weight of the composition which has the highest weight percent comonomer content. Preferably, the composition has a comonomer partitioning fact Cpfwhich is equal to or greater than 1.10 or molecule weight partitioning fact Mpfwhich is equal to or greater than 1.15. Preferred composition also have at least 0.01 long chain branches per 1000 carbon atoms along the polymer backbone. These compositions with reverse molecular engineering have. superior properties and are easily processable due to the simultaneous presence of the association of high molecular weight with high comonomer content and of long chain branching.1. A polyolefin copolymer composition produced with a catalyst having a metallocene complex in a single reactor in a process for the polymerization of an α-olefin monomer with one or more olefin comonomers, the composition having a molecular weight maximum which occurs in that 50 percent by weight of the composition which has the highest weight percent comonomer content, as expressed by having a comonomer partitioning factor Cpfwhich is equal to or greater than 1.10 and\/or a molecular weight partitioning factor Mpfwhich is equal to or greater than 1.15, where the comonomer partitioning factor Cpfis calculated from the equation: ##EQU5## where ciis the mole fraction comonomer content and wiis the normalized weight fraction as determined by GPC\/FTIR for the n FTIR data points above the median molecular weight, cjis the mole fraction comonomer content and wjis the normalized weight fraction as determined by GPC\/FTIR for the m FTIR data points below the median molecular weight, wherein only those weight fractions wior wjwhich have associated mole fraction comonomer content values are used to calculate Cpfand n and m are greater than or equal to 3; and where the molecular weight partitioning factor Mpfis calculated from the equation: ##EQU6## where Miis the viscosity average molecular weight and wiis the normalized weight fraction as determined by ATREF-DV for the n data points in the fractions below the median elution temperature, Mjis the viscosity average molecular weight and wjis the normalized weight fraction as determined by ATREF-DV for the m data points in the fractions above the median elution temperature, wherein only those weight fractions, wior wjwhich have associated viscosity average molecular weights greater than zero are used to calculate Mpfand n and m are greater than or equal to 3, wherein the composition has at least 0.01 long chain branches per 1000 carbon atoms along the polymer backbone.","label":"Construct","id":628} +{"sentence":"Boron containing functionalizing agentThe present invention relates to functionalizing agents that are particularly useful for functionalizing living rubbery polymers to make the polymer more compatible with fillers, such as carbon black and silica. These functionalizing agents are comprised of a boron containing compound having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of: wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups and aryl groups, wherein R1, R2, and R3can be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, and aryl groups, and wherein R4represents an alkylene group or a bridging aromatic group.1. A rubbery polymer having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of: wherein Polymer represents the polymer chain of a rubbery polymer, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups and aryl groups, wherein R1, R2, and R3can be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of alkyl groups, and aryl groups, and wherein R4represents an alkylene group or a bridging aromatic group.","label":"Automobile","id":629} +{"sentence":"Graft copolymers of organopolysiloxanes as free radical macroinitiatorsThe invention relates to crosslinked organopolysiloxanes which contain groups which form free radicals and are built up from units of the formula [Equation] [RaSi(O(3-a)\/2)-R1-X-(R1-Si(O(3-a)\/2))bRa] (1), in which X is a radical from the group consisting of --N=N--, --O--O--, --S--S-- and --C(C6H5)2--C(C6H5)2--, and R is monovalent SiC-bonded, optionally substituted C1- to C18-hydrocarbon radicals, R1is divalent SiC-bonded, optionally substituted C1- to C18-hydrocarbon radicals which can be interrupted by divalent radicals, bonded to carbon atoms on both sides, from the group consisting of --O--, --COO--, --OOC--, --CONR2--, --NR2CO-- and --CO--, R2is a hydrogen atom or a radical R, a has the values 0, 1 or 2 and b has the values 0 or 1, and further organosiloxane units. The organopolysiloxanes are used as free radical macroinitiators for grafting polymerization of ethylenically unsaturated monomers.1. A process for the preparation of an organopolysiloxane which contains groups which form free radicals in which a silane of the formula [Equation] RaSi((OR4)3-a)-R1-X-(R1-Si(OR4)3-a))bRa ( 9), and an organosilicon compound of the formula [Equation] RcSi(OR4)4-c ( 10), and optionally an organosilicon compound of units of the formula [Equation] Rd(R4O)eSiO4-d-e\/2 ( 11), in which R is a monovalent SiC-bonded, optionally, substituted C1- to C18-hydrocarbon radical, R4is a monovalent, optionally substituted C1- to C18-hydrocarbon radical, a has the values 0, 1 or 2, b has the values 0 or 1, c has the values 0, 1, 2 or 3, d and e each have the values 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4 and X is a radical selected from the group consisting of --N=N--, --O--O--, --S--S-- and --C(C6H5)2--C(C6H5)2--, are metered into a mixture of emulsifier and water with stirring and allowed to react over time to form the organopolysiloxane.","label":"IndustConst","id":630} +{"sentence":"Acrylic acid recovery and purificationThe separation of acrylic acid from a mixture of acrylic acid and acetic acid found in the reaction product stream obtained in the process of producing acrylic acid by the oxidation of propylene or acrolein is improved by removing a vapor sidestream from the solvent recovery column found in the process. Acetic acid is then separated from this stream without the addition of external heat.1. A method for separating acrylic acid from an aqueous solution of acrylic acid and acetic acid comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the aqueous solution with a solvent in a first column to obtain a first overhead stream of solvent, acrylic acid, acetic acid and water; (b) distilling said first stream in a solvent recovery column having distillation trays, to obtain a second overhead stream of solvent and water, and a bottoms stream of acrylic acid; (c) removing a vapor stream from below the feed tray of the solvent recovery column, said vapor stream containing acrylic acid and acetic acid; (d) rectifying said vapor stream to separate and remove acetic acid.","label":"Process","id":631} +{"sentence":"Micro and nanofibers of polysaccharide based materialsDescribed herein are apparatuses and methods of creating fibers, such as microfibers and nanofibers, that are composed of saccharides. The methods discussed herein employ centrifugal forces to transform saccharide material into fibers. Apparatuses that may be used to create saccharide fibers are also described. Fiber producing devices with features that enhance fiber production and adaptability to different types of fiber are described.1. A method of producing microfibers and\/or nanofibers, comprising: placing a composition into a fiber producing device comprising one or more openings, wherein the composition comprises a polysaccharide, a carrier and a solvent capable of dissolving at least a portion of the polysaccharide and the carrier; and rotating the fiber producing device about a spin axis such that rotation of the fiber producing device causes at least a portion of the composition disposed in the fiber producing device to be ejected through the one or more of the openings and form fibers comprising the polysaccharide as the ejected composition solidifies; collecting at least a portion of the produced microfibers and\/or nanofibers; and wherein the weight % of polysaccharide\/carrier to solvent ranges from 2% to about 30%.","label":"Household","id":632} +{"sentence":"Heteroatom substituted metallocene compounds for olefin polymerization catalyst systems and methods for preparing themAccording to the invention a new catalyst precursor is obtained, in which alkoxy or siloxy substitution in the 2-position of 5-membered ring of indenyl compound has been carried out. Thereby a metallocene compound is achieved, in which an oxygen atom is directly bonded to the 2-position of a pentahapto indenyl moiety. The catalyst precursors can be used as components for olefin polymerization catalysts.1. A precursor for an olefin polymerization catalyst having improved activitvy having the formula (I): [Equation] (IndY)mMRnBo (I) wherein: each IndY is the same or different and is one of a mono- or polysubstituted, fused or non-fused, homo- or heterocyclic indenyl ligand, dihydroindenyl ligand or tetrahydroindenyl ligand, which ligand is substituted at the 2-position of its indenyl structure by the group Y, which group Y has the following structure (II): wherein D is one of silicon or germanium, R3,R3'sand R4are the same or different and are one of a hydrogen atom, a C1-C10hydrocarbyl group or a C1-C10hydrocarbyloxy group, or at least two of R3,R3'sand R4form together a C2-C20ring structure; M is a transition metal of group 4 of the Periodic Table and is bound to the ligand IndY in at least an θ5bonding mode; each R is the same or different and is one of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C10hydrocarbyl group, a C1-C10hydrocarbyloxy group, a tri-hydrocarbyl silyl group or two R form together a C2-C20ring structure; B is a bridge atom or group between two IndY ligands or between one IndY ligand and the transition metal M; m is 1 or 2; o is 0 or 1; and n is 4-m when there is no bridge or B is a bridge atom or group between two IndY ligands, or n is 4-m-o when B is a bridge atom or group between one IndY ligand and the transition metal M.","label":"Catalyst","id":633} +{"sentence":"Process for Preparing S-PvcThe present invention relates to a new process for preparing PVC in aqueous suspension wherein the polymerisation reaction of monovinyl chloride is conducted in the presence of: a) a suspending system A comprising at least one polyvinyl alcohol having a hydrolysis degree between 25% and 98%, an acrylic polymer and, optionally, a polymeric plasticizer; and b) a suspending system B comprising at least one polyvinyl alcohol having a hydrolysis degree between 25% and 70% and a hydrotalcite compound.1 . A process for preparing S-PVC in aqueous suspension wherein the polymerisation reaction of the monovinyl chloride is conducted in the presence of: a) a suspending system A comprising at least one polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis between 25% and 98% and an acrylic polymer; and b) a suspending system B comprising at least one polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of hydrolysis between 25% and 70% and a hydrotalcite compound of formula (I): [M2+1−xM3+x(OH)]x+(An−x\/n).mH2O  (1) wherein: M2+ represents at least one divalent metal cation chosen from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Co, Mn and Ni; M3+ represents at least one trivalent metal cation chosen from the group consisting of Al, B, Bi and Fe; An−is an anion having a valency from 1 to 4; x and m represent positive numbers satisfying the following expressions 0.20.","label":"HouseConst","id":634} +{"sentence":"Production method of acrylic acidA method for producing acrylic acid from propylene at high efficiency by two-stage catalytic oxidation using a single fixed bed shell-and-tube heat exchanger type reactor is provided. The method comprises dividing the shell space of said reactor into an upper space and lower space with a partition plate, allowing a heating medium to circulate in each of the spaces substantially independently of each other, and carrying out the vapor phase oxidation under specific conditions. Said specific conditions including providing a first stage catalyst layer at lower portion of each of the reaction tubes, a second stage catalyst layer at upper portion thereof and an inert substance layer therebetween, and making void ratio of the inert substance layer 40-99.5%.1. A method for producing acrylic acid in a fixed bed shell-and-tube heat exchanger type reactor for effecting both first stage oxidation of propylene to acrolein and second stage oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid, said reactor including a shell and a large number of reaction tubes provided vertically inside the shell, said shell space being divided into two with a partition plate to provide an upper space and a lower space, each of said two spaces being designed to allow circulation of a heating medium substantially independently of each other and each of the reaction tubes including a first stage catalyst layer of a catalyst suitable for producing mainly acrolein through oxidation of propylene and a second stage catalyst layer of a catalyst suitable for producing acrylic acid through oxidation of acrolein; said method comprising oxidizing propylene at vapor phase with the first stage catalyst to form mainly acrolein, and successively oxidizing the acrolein at vapor phase with the second stage catalyst to produce acrylic acid under the following conditions: (1) at the lower part of each reaction tube, i.e., the part of each reaction tube located within the lower space in the shell, the first stage catalyst layer charged with the first stage catalyst is provided; at the upper part of each reaction tube, i.e., the part of each reaction tube located within the upper space in the shell, the second stage catalyst layer charged with the second stage catalyst is provided; and an inert substance layer charged with an inert substance layer is provided between the first stage catalyst layer and the second stage catalyst layer; (2) void ratio of said inert substance layer is between 40 and 99.5%; (3) said inert substance layer has a length sufficient to cool the reaction gas from the first stage catalyst layer to a temperature suitable for its introduction into the second stage catalyst layer, and is located at such a position that the catalyst at the upper end of the first stage catalyst layer and the catalyst at the lower end of the second stage catalyst layer are substantially free from the thermal influence from the partition plate, and (4) a starting gaseous material containing propylene is introduced from lower parts of the reaction tubes and the reaction gas passes through the reaction tubes as upstreams.","label":"Process","id":635} +{"sentence":"Method of producing neopentyl glycolThe present invention relates to a method of producing neopentyl glycol by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as catalyst to give the hydroxypivalinaldehyde with subsequent liquid phase hydrogenation in the presence of a nickel catalyst at a temperature of 80 to 180° C. and at a pressure of 6 to 18 MPa in the presence of an aliphatic alcohol and in the presence of water.1. A continuous process for preparing neopentyl glycol, comprising the steps of: a.) producing hydroxypivalaldehyde by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as a catalyst; b.) passing a starting mixture comprising: (i.) hydroxypivalaldehyde produced in step a.); (ii.) an aliphatic alcohol in an amount of 15 to 27% by weight of the organic component in the starting mixture; (iii.) hydrogen; and (iv.) water in an amount of more than 15 to 25% by weight, based on the total mass of the starting mixture; to a tubular reactor without internals and without stirrer apparatus and c.) hydrogenating said hydroxypivalaldehyde at a temperature of 110 to 180° C.; and a pressure of 6 to 18 MPa in the presence of a catalyst chosen from the group consisting of: (i.) nickel dispersed on a solid support; (ii.) nickel and an oxide of: sodium; potassium; magnesium; calcium; barium; zinc; aluminum; zirconium; chromium or a combination of any of these oxides; and (iii.) Raney nickel.","label":"Process","id":636} +{"sentence":"Processes for the preparation of high-cis polydienesDisclosed herein are solution polymerization processes for producing a high-cis polydiene. The processes include polymerizing at least one conjugated diene monomer in an organic solvent in the presence of at least one thiol compound and a lanthanide-based catalyst composition to produce a polydiene having a cis-1,4-linkage content of 90-99%. The at least one thiol compound is represented by the general formula R—S—H, where R is a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group. The lanthanide-based catalyst composition comprises (a) a lanthanide compound, (b) an alkylating agent, and (c) a halogen source, where (c) may optionally be provided by (a), (b), or both (a) and (b). The molar ratio of the at least one thiol compound to the lanthanide compound used in the polymerization process ranges from 0.01:1 to 100:1. Improved solution polymerization processes regarding the same are also disclosed herein.1. A solution polymerization process for producing a high-cis polydiene, comprising: polymerizing at least one conjugated diene monomer in an organic solvent in the presence of at least one thiol compound and a pre-formed lanthanide-based catalyst composition to produce a polydiene having a cis-1,4-linkage of 90-99%, wherein the at least one thiol compound is represented by the general formula R—S—H, where R is a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group; wherein the pre-formed lanthanide-based catalyst composition comprises: (a) a lanthanide compound, (b) an alkylating agent, and (c) a halogen source, wherein (c) may optionally be provided by (a), (b), or both (a) and (b); and wherein the molar ratio of the at least one thiol compound to the lanthanide compound ranges from 0.01:1 to 100:1.","label":"Automobile","id":637} +{"sentence":"Process for producing unsaturated aldehydes, unsaturated fatty acids or conjugated dienesMethacrolein is produced by catalytically oxidizing t-butyl alcohol with oxygen by using a catalyst system of MoSbBiFeNi-alkali. Propylene or isobutylene can also be catalytically oxidized with the same catalyst system to produce acrolein or methacrolein. Methacrolein and 1,3-butadiene can simultaneously be produced by catalytically oxidizing a mixture of isobutylene and n-butene with the same catalyst.1. In a process for producing corresponding aldehydes, acids or conjugated dienes by gas phase catalytic oxidation of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of unsaturated hydrocarbons with 3 to 4 carbon atoms and t-butyl alcohol by using molecular oxygen at 200°-450° C, the improvement comprising: oxidizing said compound over a calcined catalyst consisting essentially of [Equation] MoaSbbBicFedNieSnfXgYh0i wherein X is at least one alkali metal selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium and cesium, Y is palladium, suffixes a to h are atomic ratios, wherein a=12, b=0.5 to 20, c=0.5 to 6, d=0.5 to 6, e=0.5 to 6, f=0 to 20, g=0.01 to 2 and h=0.01 to 3, and i is determined according to the state of oxidation of said catalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":638} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent resin and method for production thereofA method for the production of a water-absorbent resin capable of fast water absorption is disclosed which comprises the steps of dispersing bubbles of an inert gas in an aqueous monomer solution of a mixture of a water-soluble unsaturated monomer and a water-soluble cross-linking monomer and subjecting the mixture to copolymerization under the condition that a volume of the monomer solution wherein the inert gas is dispersed is in the range of 1.02 to 5 times of a volume of non-dispersant state.1. A method for the production of a water-absorbent resin capable of fast water absorption, comprising the steps of dispersing bubbles of an inert gas in an aqueous monomer solution of a mixture of a water-soluble unsaturated monomer and a water-soluble cross-linking monomer which contains a surfactant and subjecting said mixture to copolymerization, wherein the inert gas is dispersed in the monomer solution to increase the volume of said monomer solution in the range of 1.02 to 5 times of the volume of said monomer solution in a non-dispersed state and wherein the dispersion of said bubbles is accomplished by introducing said inert gas into said aqueous solution.","label":"Household","id":639} +{"sentence":"Process for producing (meth)acrylic acidAn object of the invention is to provide a process in which Michael addition reaction products generated as by-products in a (meth)acrylic acid production step are pyrolyzed to enable high-purity (meth)acrylic acid to be recovered at a high recovery and troubles such as clogging in production steps are prevented. The invention includes a (meth)acrylic acid-yielding reaction step in which a starting compound for (meth)acrylic acid production is subjected to an oxidation reaction, a distillation step in which light matters are separated from the liquid reaction mixture from the (meth)acrylic acid-yielding reaction step to obtain crude (meth)acrylic acid, a step in which by-products generated in the production steps are pyrolyzed to recover (meth)acrylic acid, and a step in which the (meth)acrylic acid recovered is supplied to the distillation step. The temperature for the pyrolysis of the by-products is from 140 to 240° C. and the pressure for the pyrolysis is from 70 to 130 kPa.1 . A process for producing (meth)acrylic acid which comprises a (meth)acrylic acid-yielding reaction step in which a starting compound for (meth)acrylic acid production is subjected to an oxidation reaction, a distillation step in which light matters are separated from the liquid reaction mixture from the (meth)acrylic acid-yielding reaction step to obtain crude (meth)acrylic acid, a step in which by-products generated in the reaction step and distillation step are pyrolyzed to recover (meth)acrylic acid, and a step in which the (meth)acrylic acid recovered is supplied to the distillation step, characterized in that the temperature for the pyrolysis of the by-products is from 140 to 240° C. and the pressure for the pyrolysis is from 70 to 130 kPa.","label":"Process","id":640} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbing polymer particlesA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles is provided, comprising a) a polymerization step in which an aqueous monomer solution comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer M which bears acid groups and may have been at least partly neutralized and at least one crosslinker is polymerized to obtain an aqueous polymer gel; b) a pelletization step in which the aqueous polymer gel having a solids content of 35 to 70% by weight and a temperature of 75 to 125° C. is forced from a high-pressure zone through a die plate into a low-pressure zone and pellets are obtained, the pressure differential between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone being 4 to less than 14 bar and the orifice ratio of the die plate being 30 to 80%; c) a drying step in which the pellets are dried to a moisture content of less than 10% by weight; d) a grinding step and a classifying step to obtain water-absorbing polymer particles; and e) surface crosslinking of the water-absorbing polymer particles. The water-absorbing polymer particles have a high swell rate and a high retention capacity combined with a favorable ratio of permeability of the swollen gel bed SFC to centrifuge retention capacity CRC.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, comprising a) a polymerization step in which an aqueous monomer solution comprising at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer M which bears an acid group and optionally has been at least partly neutralized and at least one crosslinker are polymerized to obtain an aqueous polymer gel; b) a pelletization step in which the aqueous polymer gel having a solids content of 35 to 70% by weight and a temperature of 75 to 125° C. is forced from a high-pressure zone through a die plate into a low-pressure zone and pellets are obtained, the pressure differential between the high-pressure zone and the low-pressure zone being 4 to less than 14 bar and the orifice ratio of the die plate being 30 to 80%; c) a drying step in which the pellets are dried to a moisture content of less than 10% by weight; d) a grinding step and a classifying step to obtain water-absorbing polymer particles; and e) surface crosslinking of the water-absorbing polymer particles.","label":"Household","id":641} +{"sentence":"Methods for making catalyst compositions and polymer products produced therefromMethods for making olefin polymerization catalysts and methods for making polymers using the catalysts are provided. The method for making the catalyst can include combining one or more supports with one or more magnesium-containing compounds under reaction conditions to form a first reacted product. One or more chlorinating compounds selected from the group consisting of aluminum alkyl chlorides and chloro substituted silanes can be combined with the first reacted product under reaction conditions to form a second reacted product. One or more titanium-containing compounds selected from the group consisting of titanium alkoxides and titanium halides can be combined with the second reacted product under reaction conditions to form a catalyst.1. A polyethylene comprising: a molecular weight distribution (MWD) of about 4.5 to about 6.8; a slope of strain hardening greater than about 0.75, as measured by extensional viscosity fixture (EVF); and a melt flow ratio (I21\/I2) greater than or equal to 8.33+(4.17×MWD).","label":"HouseConst","id":642} +{"sentence":"Distillation method and distillation apparatusIn a method for distilling (meth)acrylic acid and\/or (meth)acrylic ester, the method has the step of uniformly distributing a supply liquid in a distillation tower over an entirety of a horizontal cross sectional area in the distillation tower. A distillation apparatus for distilling (meth)acrylic acid and\/or (meth)acrylic ester in a distillation tower has a supply element for supplying the supply liquid into the distillation tower. The supply element is formed with at least two supply ports through which the liquid is supplied into the distillation tower.1. A method for distilling (meth)acrylic acid and\/or (meth)acrylic ester in a distillation tower having trays, which trays have a flat upper surface, wherein a plurality of openings are formed in each of the trays so that liquid and gas pass through the openings, the method comprising the step of uniformly distributing a supply liquid to be supplied into the distillation tower through a spraying device over an entirety of a horizontal cross sectional area in the distillation tower to prevent polymerization in the distillation tower, wherein the supply liquid is at least one of a raw liquid, a reflux liquid and a refined liquid, wherein at least one of the supply liquids is supplied into the distillation tower through at least two supply ports, and wherein a pressure loss at a supply port, where the liquid is supplied into the tower, of the supply liquid is at least 50 mmH2O.","label":"Process","id":643} +{"sentence":"Bridged metallocene compounds as olefin-polymerization catalystsThe present invention relates to metallocene compounds consisting of indenyl-cyclopentadienyl groups non-symmetrically joined by a bivalent radical. Said compounds can be conveniently used as components of catalysts for the polymerization of olefins.1. A metallocene compound having formula (I): wherein: R1 and R2 can independently occupy any of the free positions of the indene group; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7 and R8 independently represent hydrogen, halogen, a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, cycloaliphatic or aromatic C1–C20 hydrocarbyl group, or a C1–C20 hydrocarbyl group substituted with one or more halogen atoms, or a C1–C20 hydrocarbyl group comprising one or more heteroatoms of groups 14 to 16 of the periodic table of elements; wherein any two, or both pairs, of the substituents R3, R4, R5 and R6, adjacent to each other, may be joined to each other to form a saturated or unsaturated C4–C20 cyclic structure, comprising a bond of the cyclopentadienyl ring, said structure optionally containing one or more heteroatoms; M represents titanium, zirconium or hafnium; X1 and X2 each independently represent an anionic group bound to the metal M, wherein X1 and X2 may be chemically bound to each other to form a cycle having from 4 to 7 atoms different from hydrogen, also comprising the metal M.","label":"Catalyst","id":644} +{"sentence":"Water absorbent resin composition and production method thereofThe production method of a water absorbent resin composition including a particulate water absorbent resin, wherein: 95 wt % or more of particles whose particle diameter is less than 850 μm and not less, than 106 μm are contained, and a weight average particle diameter of the particles is less than 500 μm and not less than 300 μm and a logarithmic standard deviation (σξ) of a particle size distribution is 0.45 or less, and a water-soluble component of the water absorbent composition is 35 wt % or less, and a multivalent metal component is contained, and an extraction rate of the multivalent metal component is 5.0 wt % or more and less than 100 wt %, thereby providing the water absorbent resin composition, free from any coagulation of particles in high humidity, which has superior absorbent property in terms of an absorbency and a diffusing absorbency under pressure.1. A water absorbent resin composition, comprising: a particulate water absorbent resin (A) having a cross-linking structure obtained by polymerizing an unsaturated monomer containing an acid group, said particulate water absorbent resin (A) having a cross-linked surface, wherein the water absorbent resin composition contains 95 wt % or more of particles whose particle diameter is less than 850 μm and not less than 106 μm, and a weight average particle diameter of the particles is less than 500 μm and not less than 300 μm, and a logarithmic standard deviation (σζ) of a particle size distribution of the water absorbent resin composition is 0.45 or less, and a water-soluble component of the water absorbent resin composition is 5 wt % or more and 35 wt % or less, the water-soluble component being a value obtained by measuring an amount of the water-soluble component in a water-soluble component extract solution in which the water-soluble component of the water absorbent resin composition is extracted, the water-soluble component extract solution being prepared by adding the water absorbent resin composition to a saline and stirring the mixture thus obtained; and a multivalent metal component, wherein an extraction rate of the multivalent metal component around the surface of said particulate water absorbent resin is 7.6 wt % to 14.8 wt %.","label":"Household","id":645} +{"sentence":"Precision fragmentation assemblages and olefin polymerization catalysts made therefromA precision fragmentation assemblage is disclosed, along with precision fragmentation assemblage catalysts derivable therefrom. A method for the preparation of a precision fragmentation assemblage is also disclosed, along with a method for preparing precision fragmentation assemblage catalysts from precision fragmentation assemblages. A method is further disclosed for using precision fragmentation catalysts in the polymerization of olefins to produce polyolefins.1. A method of making a precision fragmentation assemblage, comprising the steps of: (A) polymerizing a first monomer in aqueous medium to form plural fragmentation domains dispersed in said aqueous medium, said fragmentation domains comprising a first polymer; (B) combining a second monomer with said fragmentation domains in said aqueous medium; (C) optionally, combining a porogen with said fragmentation domains in said aqueous medium; (D) optionally, combining plural polymeric nanoparticles with said fragmentation domains in said aqueous medium; (E) agglomerating said plural fragmentation domains to form one or more agglomerate particles comprising said fragmentation domains, said second monomer, optionally said porogen, and optionally said polymeric nanoparticles; and (F) polymerizing said second monomer to form a second polymer, wherein said second monomer comprises at least one multi-ethylenically unsaturated monomer in an amount of at least 0.05 percent by weight to 100 percent by weight, based on the weight of said second monomer; wherein said precision fragmentation assemblage comprises: (i) a plurality of fragmentation domains; (ii) one or more fragmentation zones; wherein said fragmentation domain comprises said first polymer; and wherein said fragmentation zone comprises: (a) a connecting phase; (b) optionally, one or more pore phases; and (c) optionally, plural polymeric nanoparticles; wherein: said connecting phase comprises said second polymer; said second polymer comprises at least one multi-ethylenically unsaturated monomer, present as polymerized units, in an amount of at least 0.05 percent by weight to 100 percent by weight, based on the weight of said second polymer; said polymeric nanoparticles comprise a third polymer comprising, as polymerized units, a third monomer; and (iii) one or more tether groups covalently bound to a polymeric chain, wherein said polymeric chain is a chain selected from the group consisting of said first polymer, said second polymer, said third polymer, and combinations thereof; and wherein at least one monomer selected from said first monomer, said second monomer, and said third monomer is a monomer having a tether group, wherein said tether group comprises a functional group selected from the group consisting of epoxy, vinyl, allyl, imino, imide, aziridinyl, hydrazide, amidino, hydroperoxy, formyl, methoxycarbonyl, carbamoyl, sulfone, sulfine, sulfeno, thiol, thiocarboxyl, thioformyl, pyrrolyl, piperidyl, indazolyl, carbazolyl, and combinations thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":646} +{"sentence":"Device and method for voice communication control in fixed-mobile convergence systemThe present invention provides an apparatus and method for a voice communication control in a fixed-mobile convergence system, which can efficiently control, at the time of providing a fixed-mobile convergence service in the fixed mobile convergence system, a call path for a voice communication outgoing from or incoming to a user terminal, thereby optimizing call cost and call quality.1. An apparatus, integrated in a fixed-mobile convergence (FMC) server, for establishing a voice path between a user terminal having a native telephone number (NTN) and an FMC extension phone number and a calling counterpart terminal, the apparatus comprising: a second voice path setting unit configured to accept a voice call originated from a telephone number of the calling counterpart terminal to the FMC extension phone number of the user terminal over a voice telephone network and establish a second voice path between the FMC server and the counterpart terminal; a call information notifier configured to notify the user terminal, through a data network, of the telephone number of the counterpart terminal; a first voice path setting unit configured to establish for establishing a first voice path between the user terminal and the FMC server over the voice telephone network by accepting another call to a telephone number of the FMC server from the NTN of the user terminal, the another call being generated, by the user terminal being called, in response to the notification of the telephone number of the counterpart terminal; and a voice-path connecting unit configured to connect the first voice path and the second voice path each other to provide telephonic communication between the user terminal being called and the calling counterpart terminal.","label":"HouseConst","id":647} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent composition for hygiene articles free from unpleasant smellsThe invention concerns a superabsorbent composition containing a superabsorbent polymer powder, for instance polyacrylic and a zeolite powder exchanged with metal cations with bactericidal properties, in particular with silver ions. The hygiene articles incorporating them do not give off nor develop unpleasant smells though soaked with corporeal liquids.1. A superabsorbent composition for the production of a hygiene article including underwear, pants or a diaper, which, when saturated with body fluids, does not give rise to the emission or development of unpleasant odors, said composition comprising: i) a superabsorbent polymer powder having a particle size between 100 and 800 μm, and ii) a zeolite powder comprising zeolite A (LTA), faujasite (FAU), or a mixture thereof, said zeolite powder having a particle size between 0.5 and 20 μm and exchanged with cations having bactericidal properties, said cations selected from the group consisting of cations of silver, copper, zinc, and a mixture thereof.","label":"Household","id":648} +{"sentence":"Nanoarchitectured multi-component electrode materials and methods of making the sameAt least one embodiment of the present invention provides preparation methods and compositions for nanoarchitectured multi-component materials based on carbon-coated iron-molybdenum mixed oxide as the electrode material for energy storage devices. A sol-gel process containing soluble organics is a preferred method. The soluble organics could become a carbon coating for the mixed oxide after thermal decomposition. The existence of the carbon coating provides the mixed oxide with an advantage in cycling stability over the corresponding carbon-free mixed oxide. For the carbon-coated mixed oxide, a stable cycling stability at high charge\/discharge rate (3A\/g) can be obtained with Mo\/Fe molar ratios ≧1\/3. The cycling stability and rate capability could be tuned by incorporating a structural additive such as Al2O3 and a conductive additive such as carbon nanotubes. The high rate performance of the multi-component material has been demonstrated in a full device with porous carbons as the positive electrode material.1. A multi-component negative electrode material for an energy storage device, comprising: nanoarchitectured carbon-coated iron-molybdenum mixed oxide FexMoyOz having monoclinic or hexagonal crystal structure, wherein said iron-molybdenum mixed oxide has an iron\/molybdenum molar ratio in the range from about 1:9 to about 3:1.","label":"Catalyst","id":649} +{"sentence":"Inorganic oxide aerogels and their preparationThe invention is directed to inorganic oxide aerogels and the method of preparing such inorganic oxide aerogels which are characterized by high surface areas and high pore volume. The preparation comprises dissolving the inorganic alkoxide or metal salt in a solvent optionally containing a catalytic amount of an acid or base and hydrolyzing to form a gelled or colloidal material which is further treated with a fluid at or above its critical temperature and pressure to extract the solvent which is then dried to remove surface water.1. A method of preparing inorganic oxide aerogels comprising: (a) hydrolyzing a compound comprising at least one metal dissolved in a solvent, to produce a gel; (b) ageing the gel produced; (c) contacting the aged gel in an autoclave with a fluid above the critical temperature and pressure of the fluid to extract the solvent; and (d) drying the gel.","label":"IndustConst","id":650} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing estersA process for preparing esters which comprises reacting a polycarboxylic acid with an alcohol, removing the unreacted alcohol from the resultant esterification reaction mixture, heating the crude ester at a temperature of 160° to 340° C., contacting the heat-treated crude ester with an adsorbent, and recovering the ester of high purity. The ester obtained has superior electrical insulation, transparency and thermal stability.1. A process for the production of esters which consists essentially of reacting a mixture of a polycarboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence or absence of a catalyst which is insoluble in the mixture, distilling off unreacted alcohol from the esterification reaction mixture obtained to give a crude ester, heat-treating said crude ester at a temperature of 160°-340° C. for 0.1-3 hours, contacting said heat-treated ester with an adsorbent at a temperature of 30°-150° C. and then separating and recovering the desired ester from the crude ester.","label":"HouseConst","id":651} +{"sentence":"Process for producing diene polymersThe invention describes a process for producing a diene polymer, the process comprising the following steps in this order: i) polymerizing one or more diene monomers in the presence of a catalyst composition to give a reaction mixture; ii) adding to the reaction mixture one or more alkoxysilane compounds; iii) adding S2Cl2, SCl2, SOCl2, S2Br2, SOBr2 or a mixture thereof to the reaction mixture; and iv) optionally adding a protic agent to the reaction mixture so as to deactivate the catalyst. The invention further includes polymers that are obtainable according to this process, as well as products including the polymer.1. Process for producing a diene polymer, the process comprising the following steps in this order: i) polymerizing one or more diene monomers in the presence of a catalyst composition to give a reaction mixture; wherein the catalyst composition comprises one or more of a carboxylate, an alkyl phosphate, an alkyl phosphite, an alcoholate, an amide and a hydrocarbyl compound of a rare earth element having an atomic number of 57 to 71 in the periodic table, and at least one activator compound, or a reaction product of the at least one activator compound and the carboxylate, alkyl phosphate, alkyl phosphite, alcoholate, amide and\/or hydrocarbyl compound of the rare earth element; ii) adding to the reaction mixture one or more alkoxysilane compounds selected from the compounds represented by the following formulae (A1), (A2), (A3), (A4) and (A5): ((R1O)q(R2)rSi)s  (A1) wherein in formula (A1): Si is silicon and O is oxygen; s is an integer selected from 1 and 2; with the proviso that if s is 1, then q is an integer selected from 2, 3 and 4; r is an integer selected from 0, 1 and 2; and q+r=4; and if s is 2, then q is an integer selected from 1, 2 and 3; r is an integer selected from 0, 1 and 2; and q+r=3; ((R3O)t(R4)uSi)2O  (A2) wherein in formula (A2): Si and O are as defined above; t is an integer selected from 1, 2 and 3; u is an integer selected from 0, 1 and 2; and t+u=3; (R5O)w(R6)xSi—R7—S—SiR83  (A3) wherein in formula (A3): Si and O are as defined above, and S is sulfur; w is an integer selected from 2 and 3; x is an integer selected from 0 and 1; and w+x=3; (R9O)y(R10)zSi—R11—N(SiR123)2  (A4) wherein in formula (A4): Si and O are as defined above, and N is nitrogen; y is an integer selected from 2 and 3; z is an integer selected from 0 and 1; and y+z=3; (Si(OR13)3)2(Si(OR14)2)p  (A5) wherein in formula (A5): Si and O are as defined above; p is an integer selected from 1 to 10; and wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R8, R9, R10, R11, R13and R14in the above formulae (A1) to (A5) independently are selected from: (C6-C21) aryl, (C7-C22) alkylaryl and (C1-C16) alkyl; and R7and R11in formulae (A3) and (A4) independently are a divalent (C6-C21) aryl group, a divalent (C7-C22) alkylaryl group, or a divalent (C1-C16) alkylen group; iii) adding S2Cl2, SCl2, S2Br2, SOBr2 or a mixture thereof to the reaction mixture; and iv) optionally adding a protic agent to the reaction mixture so as to deactivate the catalyst.","label":"Automobile","id":652} +{"sentence":"Pulverulent, crosslinked polymers which absorb aqueous liquids and bloodThe invention relates to absorptive, crosslinked polymers which are based on partly neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers carrying acid groups, and have improved properties, in particular in respect of their capacity for transportation of liquids in the swollen state, and which have been after-crosslinked on their surface at temperatures of at least 150° C. with a combination of polyol as after-crosslinking compound and a cation in the form of an aqueous solution.1. Pulverulent polymer which is after-crosslinked on the surface, absorbs water, aqueous or serous liquids and bloods and comprises from a) 55-99.9% wt. % of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acid groups and are neutralized to the extent of at least 25 mol %, b) 0-40 wt. % of polymerized, ethylencially unsaturated monomers which can be copolymerized with a), c) 0.1-5.0 wt. % of one or more polymerized-in crosslinking agents, d) 0-30 wt. % of a water-soluble polymer the sum of the amounts by weight of a) to d) being 100 wt. %, wherein the polymer has been coated with e) 0.01 to 5 wt. %, based on the polymer, of at least one polyol as an agent for after-crosslinking of the surface in an aqueous solution; and f) 0.001-1.0 wt. %, based on the polymer, of a cation in the form of a salt dissolved in an aqueous solution and has been heated to an after-crosslinking temperature in the range of at least 150 to 250° C., the weight ratio of the salt to the polyol being in the range from 1:0.8 to 1:4 and the total amount of aqueous solutions having been 0.5 to 10 wt. %, based on the polymer, excluding crosslinked partly neutralized polyacrylic acids which have been treated with Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 and glycerol in a weight ratio of 1:1 or with Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 16H O and polyethylene glycol in a weight ration of 1:1.8 or with Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·14H 2 O and ethylene glycol in a weight ratio of 1:2 or with Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ·18H 2 O and ethylene glycol in a weight ratio of 1:2 or Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 19 18H 2 O and propylene glycol in a weight ratio of 1:1.6.","label":"Household","id":653} +{"sentence":"Method for removing residual monomersA method for removing residual vinyl chloride monomers from an aqueous slurry is disclosed. The method preferably utilizes a tower having a plurality of vertically spaced plates, which define a plurality of chambers, each chamber defined between adjacent plates. The tower features a plate in one of the chambers having a diameter of 1.05 to 5 times larger than the diameter of the plates in chambers above and below the chamber having the large plate. The method is based upon introducing the slurry to a particular location in the tower depending upon the porosity of the polyvinyl chloride in the slurry.1. A method for removing residual monomers from a polyvinyl chloride containing slurry comprising: using an apparatus consisting essentially of (i) a hollow cylindrical tower, the tower being generally vertically oriented and having a top region and a bottom region; (ii) a plurality of plates vertically spaced within the tower, each plate defining a plurality of perforations; (iii) a plurality of chambers, each chamber defined between adjacent plates and each respective plate constituting the floor of a respective chamber; (iv) a plurality of slurry introducing ports defined in at least two of the chambers; (v) plurality of flow-down sections, each flow-down section defined between two adjacent plates for allowing the slurry to sequentially flow downward from a first plate of the two adjacent plates, to a second plate disposed below a first plate; (vi) a steam introducing port defined within said bottom region of the tower, and (vii) a slurry discharging port defined in a chamber below a lowermost chamber defining at least one of the slurry introducing ports, wherein the plate in one of the chambers defining a slurry introducing port has a diameter of 1.05 to 5 times larger than the diameter of each of the plates disposed in chambers immediately above and below that chamber; introducing a polyvinyl chloride containing slurry into said tower from one of said slurry introducing ports; delivering steam to said tower from said steam introducing port; allowing said slurry to contact said steam while said slurry flows downward through said plates, thereby separating residual monomers from said slurry and producing a first stream comprising separated residual monomers and a second stream from which said separated residual monomers have been removed; discharging said first stream comprising said separated residual monomers from said top region of said tower; and discharging said second stream from which said residual monomers have been removed from said slurry discharging port; wherein the step of introducing said polyvinyl chloride containing slurry is performed in accordance with either (1) or (2), depending upon the porosity of polyvinyl chloride in said slurry: (1) introducing said polyvinyl chloride containing slurry from said slurry introducing port of said chamber having a plate with a diameter of 1.05 to 5 times larger than the diameter of each of the plates disposed in chambers immediately above and below that chamber when the porosity of the polyvinyl chloride in said slurry is not less than 0.300 ml\/g; and (2) introducing said polyvinyl chloride containing slurry from said slurry introducing port of a chamber disposed above said chamber having a plate with a diameter of 1.05 to 5 times larger than the diameter of each of the plates disposed in chambers immediately above and below that chamber when the porosity of the polyvinyl chloride in said slurry is less than 0.300 ml\/g.","label":"HouseConst","id":654} +{"sentence":"Ethylene resin composition, sealing material for solar cell, and solar cell module utilizing the sealing materialAn ethylene resin composition is provided which has excellent properties including adhesion properties, electrically insulating properties, transparency, moldability and process stability and can be produced without requiring any cross-linking procedure if necessary to improve productivity; and others. The ethylene resin composition contains a modified product produced by modifying an ethylene polymer (A) that meets all of the requirements a) to e) mentioned below with an ethylenically unsaturated silane compound (B). a) The density is 900 to 940 kg\/m3. b) The melting peak temperature is 90 to 125 ° C. as determined by DSC. c) The melt flow rate (MFR2) is 0.1 to 100 g\/10 minutes as measured at 190 ° C. and a load of 2.16 kg in accordance with JIS K-6721. d) The Mw\/Mn ratio is 1.2 to 3.5. e) The content of metal residues is 0.1 to 50 ppm.1. An ethylene resin composition comprising: a modified product produced by modifying ethylene polymer (A) with ethylenically-unsaturated silane compound (B), the ethylene polymer (A) satisfying all of the following requirements a) to e): a) density=900 to 940 kg\/m3; b) Peak melt temperature as measured by DSC=90° C. to 125° C.; c) Melt flow rate (MFR2) as measured in accordance with JIS K-6721 at 190° C. under a load of 2.16 kg=0.1 to 100 g\/10 min; d) Mw\/Mn ratio=1.2 to 3.5; e) Metal residue content=0.1 to 50 ppm, and a modified product produced by modifying ethylene\/a-olefin copolymer (C) with ethylenically-unsaturated silane compound (B).","label":"HouseConst","id":655} +{"sentence":"Linear polymers, polymer blends, and articles made therefromProvided are blends of linear low density polyethylene copolymers with very low density, low density, medium density, high density, and differentiated polyethylenes and other polymers. The invention also includes articles produced from the linear low density polyethylene and polyethylene blends described herein.1. A polymer composition comprising a blend of: a. from about 5 to about 95 wt % of a first polymer selected from the group consisting of high density polyethylene, linear low density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, medium density polyethylene, very low density polyethylene, differentiated polyethylene, and combinations thereof; and b. from about 95 to about 5 wt % of a second polymer comprising an ethylene-based polymer produced by gas-phase polymerization of ethylene with a catalyst having as a transition metal component a bis(n-C3-4 alkyl cyclopentadienyl) hafnium compound, wherein said transition metal component comprises from about 95 mole % to about 99 mole % of said hafnium compound and wherein said ethylene-based polymer has: i. a melt index of from about 0.1 g\/10 min to about 300 g\/10 min; ii. a melt index ratio of from about 15 to about 45; iii. a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of from about 20,000 to about 200,000; iv. a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of from about 2.0 to about 4.5; v. a Mz\/Mw ratio of from about 1.7 to about 3.5; and vi. a CDBI of from 20% to 35%; and wherein said first polymer is different from said second polymer and wherein the composition has a Dart A Impact Strength of 850 to about 1100 g\/mil and an average modulus of the MD and TD 1% Secant Moduli >35.0 kpsi.","label":"HouseConst","id":656} +{"sentence":"Inherently secured aerogel compositesEmbodiments of the present invention describe secured fiber-reinforced aerogels and laminate structures formed therefrom. In one embodiment a laminate comprises at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer adjacent to at least one layer of fiber containing material wherein fibers from said at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of said at least one fiber-containing material. In another embodiment a laminate comprises at least two adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layers wherein fibers from at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of an adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layer.1. A composite comprising at least one first fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component adjacent to at least one second fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component, wherein the first fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component and the second fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component comprise a felt, batting, lofty batting, mat, non-woven fabric or a combination thereof, wherein said first fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component comprises a first preformed monolithic aerogel matrix and said second fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component comprises a second preformed monolithic aerogel matrix, wherein said first preformed monolithic aerogel matrix is distinct from and substantially not connected with said second preformed monolithic aerogel matrix, wherein first fibers of said first fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component are interlaced with second fibers of said second fiber-reinforced aerogel layer component, wherein the first preformed monolithic aerogel matrix and the second preformed monolithic aerogel matrix are locally disrupted, and wherein the integrity of the composite is not substantially compromised.","label":"IndustConst","id":657} +{"sentence":"Color-Stable SuperabsorbentA superabsorbent having surfaces complexed with polyvalent metal ions and which contains at least one phosphonic acid derivative, and the molar ratio between polyvalent metal and phosphonic acid derivative is at most 1.2\/n, where n is the number of phosphonic acid groups in the phosphonic acid derivative. The superabsorbent exhibits good stability against discoloration and a surprisingly low caking tendency without any significant impairment of its performance properties.1 . A superabsorbent whose surfaces have been complexed with polyvalent metal ions and which comprises at least one phosphonic acid derivative, where a molar ratio between the polyvalent metal and the phosphonic acid derivative is at most 1.2\/n, wherein n is the number of phosphonic acid groups in the phosphonic acid derivative.","label":"Household","id":658} +{"sentence":"Improving the water absorption capacity of crosslinked, water-swellable polymersThe water absorption capacity of crosslinked, water-swellable polymers is improved by a process in which a water-containing, finely divided polymer gel having a solids content of from 20 to 65% by weight is treated with steam at not less than 50° C., the solids content of the water-containing polymer gel increasing by not more than 30% by weight, and the polymer gel is then dried in a conventional manner.1. A process for improving the water absorption capacity of crosslinked, water-swellable polymers, wherein a water-containing, finely divided polymer gel having a solids content of from 20 to 65% by weight is treated with saturated or superheated steam at not less than 50° c., the solids content of the water-containing polymer gel increasing by not more than 10% by weight, and the polymer gel is then dried in a conventional manner.","label":"Household","id":659} +{"sentence":"Process for the dehydrogenation of alkyl-aromatic hydrocarbons for the production of vinyl-aromatic monomersProcess for the production of vinyl-aromatic monomers which comprises: a) feeding an aromatic stream and an olefinic stream to alkylation; b) feeding the reaction product coming from the alkylation section to a first separation section; c) recovering the mono-alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon from the first separation section; d) feeding the mono-alkylated aromatic product to a dehydrogenation section; e) cooling and condensing the reaction gases in the shell of one or more heat exchangers; f) feeding the reaction product coming from the dehydrogenation section to a second separation section; g) recovering the stream of vinyl-aromatic monomer.1. An improved process for the production and purification of vinyl-aromatic monomers which comprises: a) feeding a stream consisting of an aromatic hydrocarbon together with a stream essentially consisting of a C2-C3 olefin to an alkylation section; b) feeding the reaction product coming from the alkylation section to a first separation section; c) discharging from the first separation section a first stream consisting of non-reacted aromatic hydrocarbon, which is recycled to the alkylation section, a second stream essentially consisting of a mono-alkylated aromatic hydrocarbon, a third stream essentially consisting of dialkylated aromatic hydrocarbons, sent to a transalkylation section, and a fourth stream essentially consisting of a mixture of polyalkylated aromatic hydrocarbons; d) feeding the second stream of step (c) to a dehydrogenation section; e) feeding the reaction product coming from the dehydrogenation section to a second separation\/purification section, comprising at least one distillation column; and f) discharging a stream consisting of the vinyl-aromatic monomer with a purity of over 99.7% by weight, from the head of said at least one distillation column, wherein: after a first cooling with heat recovery, the gas leaving the dehydrogenation step, after washing with sprayed water, is fed and condensed in the shell of a tube bundle heat exchanger maintained vertical or horizontal, in whose tubes a cooling fluid flows; the gas feeding is effected from the lower part of the exchanger with the liquid deriving from the condensation which refluxes and leaves the exchanger, either totally or partially, still from the lower part of the shell and is sent to the second separation\/purification section (e); and the possible gas and non-condensed substances leave the shell from the upper part of the exchanger.","label":"Process","id":660} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent edge-modified-clay linked polymersAn aqueous acidic polymerization liquid comprising polymerizable monomers or oligomers with carboxylate and\/or carboxylic acid moiety or moieties, and edge modified clay that is homogenously dispersable in said liquid is provided, and also methods for making such liquids, and also edge-modified-clay linked water-absorbing polymers made by with said liquids and methods, and disposable absorbent articles comprising such edge-modified-clay linked water-absorbing polycarboxylate\/polycarboxylic acid polymers.1. A water-absorbing edge-modified-clay linked polycarboxylic acid and\/or polycarboxylate polymer, obtainable by a polymerization reaction comprising the steps of: a) obtaining an aqueous polymerization reaction liquid, comprising (i) homogeneously dispersed therein, clay platelets with opposing basal platelet surfaces and platelet edges; and (ii) dissolved or homogeneously dispersed therein, polymerizable monomers comprising a carboxylic acid group and\/or carboxylate group, and\/or polymerizable oligomers of one or more of the monomers; wherein the aqueous liquid has a pH of about 6 or less; wherein at least about 20%, by weight, of the monomers and\/or oligomers are neutralized; and wherein the edge(s) of the clay platelets are modified with one or more edge modification compound(s); and b) initiating the polymerization of the monomers and\/or oligomers in the liquid of step a); wherein the water-absorbing edge-modified clay linked polymer exhibits a Centrifuge Retention Capacity (CRC) in a 0.9% saline solution in demineralized water, of at least about 10 g of saline per gram of polymer.","label":"Household","id":661} +{"sentence":"Feminine hygiene absorbent articles comprising water-absorbing compositesThis invention relates to a feminine hygiene absorbent article comprising water-absorbing composites obtainable by foaming an aqueous mixture comprising at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing acid groups, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator and at least one surfactant, contacting the foam obtained with at least one web of synthetic fibers and polymerizing, to the composites themselves and to their use for absorbing aqueous fluids.1. A feminine hygiene absorbent article comprising a water-absorbing composite comprising at least one superabsorbent foam layer and at least one web layer, wherein the at least one superabsorbent foam layer is obtained by foaming an aqueous mixture comprising at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing acid groups, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator, at least one foaming agent and at least one surfactant; wherein the at least one web layer consisting of polyester fibers and having a basis weight of not more than 200 g\/m2and a thickness of not more than 5 mm; wherein a full thickness of the web is completely penetrated by the foam such that the foam has an integral web support; and wherein the water-absorbing composite only swells one-dimensionally when in contact with an aqueous fluid such that the water-absorbing composite swells in a thickness direction while an area of the water-absorbing composite remains unchanged.","label":"Household","id":662} +{"sentence":"Process of producing vinyl chloride polymerA process for the production of a vinyl chloride polymer by suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, optionally in the presence of other vinyl monomers, in an aqueous medium, in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, which is a combination of (A) t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate, and (B) a peresteric peroxide, such as t-butyl peroxyneodecanoate, other than the above component (A), in a polymerization vessel having at its inner wall surface, a polymer scale deposition preventative coating, which is formed by applying an alkaline coating liquid, of (a) at least one condensation product of a quinone compound and a condensate of a quinone compound with an amino group containing diphenyl compound, and (b) at least one of the substances, a water-soluble polymer compound, an inorganic colloid or an alkali metal silicate, followed by drying the above coating. According to this process, a vinyl chloride polymer can be produced having excellent properties, such as initial coloration, in a short polymerization time, while suppressing deposition of polymer scale in the polymerization vessel.1. A process of producing a vinyl chloride polymer, which comprises suspension polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer material consisting of either vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl monomers containing vinyl chloride in an aqueous medium in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization initiator in a polymerization vessel having, at its inner wall surface, a polymer scale deposition preventive coating, wherein said polymer scale deposition preventive coating has been formed by applying an alkaline coating liquid to said inner wall surface, followed by drying, said alkaline coating liquid comprising: (a) at least one condensation product selected from the group consisting of (a-1) a condensate, which has a molecular weight of 400 to 50,000, of a quinone compound and (a-2) a condensate of a quinone compound with a diphenyl compound containing at least two amino groups represented by the following general formula (1): wherein a plurality of R1,which may be the same or different, represent --H, --OH, --COOH, --SO3H, --NH2,--Cl, --NO2,--COCH3,--OCH3,--N(CH3)2,and an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, X represents a bivalent group selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, --N(CH3)--, --C(CH3)2--, --CONH--, --P(=O)H--, --SO2--, --O--, --S--, and --Si(R)2-- in which R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of from 1 to 2, and (b) at least one substance selected from the group consisting of a water-soluble polymer compound, an inorganic colloid and an alkali metal silicate; and wherein said oil-soluble polymerization initiator comprises a combination of: (A) a t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate, and (B) a peresteric peroxide other than the t-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate of the above component (A), said peresteic peroxide of (B) being such that a 10-hour half-life period temperature of a benzene solution containing 0.1 mol of the peresteric peroxide per liter of benzene is 44° to 55° C.","label":"HouseConst","id":663} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing polymers having interstitial compounds, a process for their production, and their useThe invention relates to absorvents for water and aqueous liquids, which are vased on water-swell-able, yet water-insoluble polymers wherein cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivatives and zeolites high in silicon have been incorporated ionically, covalently and\/or as a result of mechanical inclusion.1. An absorbent, crosslinked polymer for water or aqueous body fluids, based on optionally partially neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers bearing acid groups, wherein the polymer has cyclodextrin or cyclodextrin derivatives and zeolites high in silicon with a silicon oxide\/aluminium oxide ratio of >10 at least partially bound covalently, ionically bound thereto or incorporated therein.","label":"Household","id":664} +{"sentence":"PNEUMATIC TIREThe present invention provides a pneumatic tire that has improved handling stability while maintaining good fuel economy and tensile strength or even improving these properties. The pneumatic tire includes a tread including a rubber layer formed from a rubber composition that includes: carbon black; silica; and staple fibers with an average width of 3 nm to 50 μm and an average length of 50 nm to 500 μm, the staple fibers in the rubber layer having an average orientation angle between the longitudinal direction of each staple fiber and the circumferential direction of the tire of 15° to 75°, and the staple fibers in the rubber layer including 35 to 100% of staple fibers each having an orientation angle between its longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction of the tire of 15° to 75°.1 . A pneumatic tire, comprising a tread comprising a rubber layer formed from a rubber composition that comprises: carbon black; silica; and staple fibers with an average width of 3 nm to 50 μm and an average length of 50 nm to 500 μm, the staple fibers in the rubber layer having an average orientation angle between the longitudinal direction of each staple fiber and the circumferential direction of the tire of 15° to 75°, and the staple fibers in the rubber layer comprising 35 to 100% of staple fibers each having an orientation angle between its longitudinal direction and the circumferential direction of the tire of 15° to 75°.","label":"Automobile","id":665} +{"sentence":"Bridged transition-metal complexes and uses thereof for hydrogen separation, storage and hydrogenationThe present invention constitutes a class of organometallic complexes which reversibly react with hydrogen to form dihydrides and processes by which these compounds can be utilized. The class includes bimetallic complexes in which two cyclopentadienyl rings are bridged together and also separately π-bonded to two transition metal atoms. The transition metals are believed to bond with the hydrogen in forming the dihydride. Transition metals such as Fe, Mn or Co may be employed in the complexes although Cr constitutes the preferred metal. A multiple number of ancilliary ligands such as CO are bonded to the metal atoms in the complexes. Alkyl groups and the like may be substituted on the cyclopentadienyl rings. These organometallic compounds may be used in absorption\/desorption systems and in facilitated transport membrane systems for storing and separating out H2from mixed gas streams such as the produce gas from coal gasification processes.1. Bridged transition metal complex dihydride compounds of the general formula [Equation] LnMHCpRmXCpR'sm'sHM'sL'sn's, wherein: Lnand L'sn's are ancillary ligands taken from the group consisting of CO and CNR, M and M's are transition metals taken from the group consisting of Cr, Fe, Mn and Co, Cp is the cyclopentadienyl group, R and R's are alkyl groups substituted for hydrogen on the Cp ring, m and m's represent integers from 0-4, n and n's represent integers from 1-6, and x is a bridging functionality taken from the group consisting of --CH2--, SiR2,--O--, --NR-- (R=alkyl) and --CO--.","label":"Catalyst","id":666} +{"sentence":"POLY(VINYL ACETAL) RESIN COMPOSITIONS, LAYERS, AND INTERLAYERS HAVING ENHANCED OPTICAL PROPERTIESResin compositions, layers, and interlayers comprising two or more thermoplastic polymers and at least one RI balancing agent for adjusting the refractive index of at least one of the resins or layers is provided. Such compositions, layers, and interlayers exhibit enhanced optical properties while retaining other properties, such as impact resistance and acoustic performance.1 . An interlayer comprising: a first resin layer comprising a first poly(vinyl acetal) resin and a first high RI plasticizer; a second resin layer adjacent to said first resin layer, wherein said second resin layer comprises a second poly(vinyl acetal) resin and a second high RI plasticizer, wherein said first poly(vinyl acetal) resin layer and said second poly(vinyl acetal) resin layer each have a refractive index of at least 1.460 and an absolute value of the difference between the refractive index of said first resin layer and said second resin layer of not more than 0.010.","label":"HouseConst","id":667} +{"sentence":"Process for hydrogenating unsaturated hydrocarbons in the presence of catalysts containing copper and zincUnsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrogenated over catalysts which comprise copper and zinc and whose active composition, in unreduced form, consists essentially of from 10 to 95% by weight of copper oxide, calculated as copper(II) oxide (CuO), from 5 to 90% by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO), optionally from 0.1 to 50% by weight of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and optionally from 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight of Al2O3, the proportions by weight adding up to 100% by weight.1. A process for hydrogenating alkynes in C2 or C3 streams which comprises hydrogenating the alkynes over the catalyst whose active composition, in unreduced form, consists essentially of from 10 to 95% by weight of copper oxide, calculated as copper(II) oxide (CuO), from 5 to 90% by weight of zinc oxide (ZnO), from 0.1 to 50% by weight of zirconium dioxide (ZrO2) and optionally from 0.1% by weight to 50% by weight of Al2O3, the proportions by weight adding up to 100% by weight, wherein hydrogenation is effected at a temperature of at most 50° C.","label":"Catalyst","id":668} +{"sentence":"High pressure, free radical polymerizations to produce ethylene-based polymersA process to form an ethylene-based polymer, said process comprising at least the following: polymerizing a mixture comprising ethylene, in the presence of at least one free-radical initiator, and in a reactor configuration comprising at least three reaction zones and at least two ethylene feed streams; and wherein the inlet pressure of the first reaction zone is less than, or equal to, 3200 Bar; and wherein the amount of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to the first reaction zone is from 40 mole % to 80 mole %, based on the total moles of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to the polymerization; and wherein the average polymerization temperature of the first 40 wt % polymer formed (APT40 wt %) (based on the total amount of polymer formed) is less than, or equal to, 200° C.1. A process to form an ethylene-based polymer, said process comprising at least the following: polymerizing a mixture comprising ethylene, in the presence of at least one free-radical initiator, and in a reactor configuration comprising at least three reaction zones and at least two ethylene feed streams; and wherein the inlet pressure of the first reaction zone is less than, or equal to, 3200 Bar; and wherein the amount of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to the first reaction zone is from 40 mole % to 80 mole %, based on the total moles of ethylene, and optionally one or more comonomers, and optionally one or more CTAs, fed to the polymerization; and wherein the average polymerization temperature of the first 40 wt % polymer formed (APT40 wt %) (based on the total amount of polymer formed) is less than, or equal to, 200° C.","label":"HouseConst","id":669} +{"sentence":"Sealing Material CompositionThe present invention relates to a sealing material composition comprising a novel resin composition and excellent not only in gas barrier properties but also in hot melt adhesive properties, in particular. It also relates to a sealing material made by using the above-mentioned composition, in particular a sealing material for double glazing. The present invention can be accomplished by using a sealing material composition which comprises an alkenyl group-terminated isobutylene-based polymer (A), a thermoplastic resin (B) and a compound (C) containing at least two hydrosilyl groups within the molecule thereof.1 . A sealing material composition which comprises an alkenyl group-terminated isobutylene-based polymer (A), a thermoplastic resin (B) and a compound (C) containing at least two hydrosilyl groups within the molecule thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":670} +{"sentence":"Composition for electric cables comprising thiodiol fatty acid diestersA composition for an insulating layer of an electric cable wherein the composition contains an ethylene plastic as the base resin and further contains up to about 5% by weight of additives including antioxidant, and peroxide cross-linking agent. The composition is characterised in that the antioxidant additive includes a compound of the formula (V): R 1 (—(C+O)O—)k(CH 2 ) 1 —S—(CH 2 ) m (—OO(C═O)—) n R 2 where R 1 and R 2 , which are the same of different, are C 7 -C 23 alkyl, C 7 -C 23 alkenyl, R 3 —Ar—, Ar—R 3 —, or AR—, where R 3 is C 8 -C 24 alkyl and Ar is c 6 -c 14 aryl; k and n, which are the same of different, are 0 or 1, l and m, which are the same or different, are integers ≥0; with the proviso that the compound is free from phenolic groups; and that the compositions is free from compounds having the formula (VI): R—O—(C═O)—CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 CH 2 —(C═O)—O—R where R is a C 8 -C 20 alkyl group.1. A composition for an insulating layer of an electric cable, wherein said composition includes a compound of the formula (V): R 1 (—(C═O)O—) k (CH 2 ) 1 —S(CH 2 ) m (—O—(C═O)—) n R 2   (V) where R 1 and R 2 , which are the same or different, are C 7 -C 23 alkyl, C 7 -C 23 alkenyl, R 3 —Ar, Ar—R 3 , or Ar—, where R 3 is C 8 -C 24 alkyl and Ar is C 6 -C 14 aryl; k and n are 1; and l and m, which are the same or different, are integers>0, with the proviso that the compound is free from phenolic groups, wherein said composition contains less than about 5% by weight of additives including 0.1 to 0.5% by weight of the compound of formula (V) and 1.0 to 2.4% by weight of peroxide cross-linking agent, wherein the remainder of the composition consists of an ethylene plastic, wherein the composition is free from compounds having the formula (VI): R—O—(C═O)—CH 2 CH 2 SCH 2 CH 2 —(C═O)—O—R  (VI) where R is a C 8 -C 20 alkyl group, and wherein the inclusion of the compounds of formula (V) and the exclusion of the compounds of formula (VI) function to reduce the moisture content of the composition.","label":"HouseConst","id":671} +{"sentence":"Coated zeolite catalysts and use for hydrocarbon conversionThere is provided a coated zeolite catalyst in which the accessibility of the acid sites on the external surfaces of the zeolite is controlled and a process for converting hydrocarbons utilizing the coated zeolite catalyst. The zeolite catalyst comprises core crystals of a first zeolite and a discontinuous layer of smaller size second crystals of a second zeolite which cover at least a portion of the external surface of the first crystals The coated zeolite catalyst finds particular application in hydrocarbon conversion processes where catalyst activity in combination with zeolite structure are important for reaction selectivity, e.g., catalytic cracking, alkylation, disproportional of toluene, isomerization, and transalkylation reactions.1. A process for converting hydrocarbons comprising contacting a hydrocarbon feedstream under hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a coated zeolite catalyst, said zeolite catalyst being selected from the group consisting of: (I) A zeolite catalyst comprising: (a) first crystals of a first acidic zeolite having catalytic activity; (b) a discontinuous layer of second crystals of a second zeolite having less acidity than said first zeolite and a structure type that is the same as said first zeolite and said second crystals have an average particle size less than the average particle size of said first crystals covering at least a portion of the external surface of said first crystals; and (c) non-zeolitic binder present in an amount of at least about 15 weight percent based on the weight of the zeolite catalyst; (II) A zeolite catalyst comprising: (a) first crystals of a first acidic zeolite having catalytic activity; and, (b) a discontinuous layer of second crystals of a second zeolite and a third zeolite said second crystals having an average particle size less than the average particle size of said first crystals covering at least a portion of the external surface of said first crystals, and said third zeolite has a structure type, composition, or both that is different from said second zeolite; (III) A zeolite catalyst comprising: (a) first crystals of a first acidic zeolite having catalytic activity; (b) a discontinuous layer of second crystals of a second zeolite having a structure type that is different from said first zeolite and said second crystals have an average particle size less than the average particle size of said first crystals covering at least a portion of the external surface of said first crystals; (c) non-zeolitic binder present in an amount of at least about 15 weight percent based on the weight of the zeolite catalyst; and, (IV) Mixtures thereof.","label":"Catalyst","id":672} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition comprising a modified diene elastomerA rubber composition based on at least a reinforcing filler, a crosslinking system, a plasticizing system and an elastomer matrix is provided. The elastomer matrix includes at least one modified diene elastomer comprising within its structure at least one alkoxysilane group, which is optionally partially or totally hydrolysed to silanol, bonded to the elastomer by the silicon atom. The alkoxysilane group optionally bears another function bonded to the silicon atom directly or by means of a spacer group. The modified diene elastomer is such that, before modification, the diene elastomer has a polydispersity index of at least 1.1 and at most 1.6, and has a Mooney viscosity ranging from 50 to 80 and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of strictly less than −50° C., preferably less than or equal to −60° C., and greater than or equal to −110° C.1. A rubber composition based on at least a reinforcing filler, a crosslinking system, a plasticizing system and an elastomer matrix comprising at least one modified diene elastomer comprising within its structure at least one alkoxysilane group, which is optionally partially or totally hydrolysed to silanol, bonded to the elastomer by the silicon atom, the alkoxysilane group optionally bearing another function bonded to the silicon atom directly or by means of a spacer group, which modified diene elastomer is such that the diene elastomer has a polydispersity index of at least 1.1 and at most 1.6 before modification, and has a Mooney viscosity ranging from 50 to 80 and a glass transition temperature (Tg) of less than or equal to −60° C. and greater than or equal to −110° C.","label":"Automobile","id":673} +{"sentence":"Modified high cis conjugated diene copolymer and manufacturing method of the sameA modified conjugated diene polymer and a manufacturing method for the same are provided. The modified conjugated diene polymer is manufactured by the method including, forming a conjugated diene polymer by a polymerization step and making it react with a first modifier and then react with a second modifier. The modified conjugated diene polymer has over 97% of cis-1,4 structure. A PDI of the modified conjugated diene polymer is bigger than 1.8 and smaller than 2.5. The first modifier has a chemical formula of X—R1-Si(R2)3. The second modifier has a chemical formula of R3-Si(R4)3.1. A modified conjugated diene polymer, manufactured by a method comprising forming a conjugated diene polymer by a polymerization step and enabling the conjugated diene polymer to react with a first modifier and then react with a second modifier to obtain the modified conjugated diene polymer, wherein the modified conjugated diene polymer has a cis-1,4-structure and the cis-1,4-structure is higher than 97%, the polydispersity index (PDI) of the modified conjugated diene polymer is greater than 1.8 and less than 2.5, the first modifier has a chemical formula of X—R1-Si(R2)3, wherein X is a functional group selected from the group consisting of an epoxypropoxy group, an isocyanate group, and a 2-(3,4-epoxycyclohexyl group), R1 is an alkylene group with 2˜3 carbon atoms, R2 is an alkyl group with 2˜3 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group with 1˜3 carbon atoms; the second modifier has a chemical formula of R3-Si(R4)3, wherein R3 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aromatic group, an aryloxy group and a cycloalkyl group with 1˜12 carbon atoms, R4 is selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group and a cycloalkyl group with 1˜12 carbon atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":674} +{"sentence":"Manufacturing and installation of insulated pipes or elements thereofInsulated pipe systems or assemblies include a particulate, composite or monolithic insulating aerogel material. Techniques for installing or manufacturing such systems or assemblies are described, as are components useful in the installation or manufacture processes.1. An insulated pipe structure comprising: a. a pipe having an outer surface; b. a notched or bubble wrap container comprising a granular insulating material wrapped over the outer surface to form an insulating layer, and c. at least one layer surrounding an exterior surface of the insulating layer, wherein the at least one layer compresses the insulating layer.","label":"IndustConst","id":675} +{"sentence":"Water absorbing agent and production method thereofA water absorbing agent and a method for producing the water absorbing agent are disclosed. Water absorbent resin particles having an internal cross-linked structure obtained by polymerizing a water-soluble unsaturated monomer, organic acid, and water-soluble multivalent metal salt are mixed, so that it is possible to provide a water absorbing agent which suppresses permeation of metal components into the water absorbent resin particles and enables the metal components to evenly adhere to an entire surface of the water absorbent resin in a dot manner.1. A water absorbing agent, comprising: water absorbent resin particles, including at least one of acrylic acid and a salt of acrylic acid as a base unit, whose surfaces have been cross-linked by performing a heating treatment or using an organic cross-linking agent; organic acid or a salt thereof; and water-soluble multivalent metal salt, wherein the water absorbing agent has an absorbency against pressure (AAP) so that the absorbency is 18 (g\/g) or more against a pressure of 4.83 kPa.","label":"Household","id":676} +{"sentence":"Highly elastomeric and paintable silicone compositionsHighly elastomeric, curable, paintable silicone compositions are provided. The paintable silicone compositions comprise an organopolysiloxane, a silicone functional crosslinker, and an organic polymer. The highly elastomeric, curable, paintable silicone compositions have an elongation of at least 150% and are useful as paintable sealants and caulks.1. A curable silicone composition comprising; (a) from 50% to 95% by weight based on total polymer weight organopolysiloxane polymer; (b) from 1% to 10% by weight silane functional crosslinker; and (c) an organic polymer or oligomer comprising at least one of (i) about 15 to 50 wt % silylated polyurethane, (ii) about 15 to 50 wt % non-silylated polyurethane, (iii) about 15 to 50 wt % silyl group terminated polyether, (iv) about 15 to 50 wt % polyether having a silane functional group, (v) about 10 to 50 wt % non-silylated acrylic polymer, and (vi) about 5 to 50 wt % silylated and non-silylated polymer or copolymer of at least one of butadiene, isobutylene and butene, the percents being based on the total polymer, and wherein the composition, once cured, has a tensile elongation of at least 800%.","label":"Automobile","id":677} +{"sentence":"Copolymer of olefin and conjugated diene, and process for producing the sameAn object of the invention is to provide copolymers which have a double bond in a side chain and are substantially free of unsaturated bonds in the main chain, copolymers which have a cyclic structure and are substantially free of unsaturated bonds in the main chain, and processes for economically synthesizing these copolymers.1. A copolymer obtained by copolymerizing at least ethylene and a conjugated diene, wherein (1) structural units derived from the conjugated diene represent 1 to 90 mol % of all the monomer units in the copolymer, and (2) based on all the structural units derived from the conjugated diene in the copolymer, structural units resulting from 1,2-addition of the conjugated diene and having a side-chain double bond represent 0.5 to 90 mol %, structural units resulting from 1,4-addition of the conjugated diene represent 0 to 3 mol %, structural units resulting from 1,3-addition of the conjugated diene represent 0 to 3 mol %, and the total of structural units resulting from 1,2-addition of the conjugated diene and having a 1,2-cyclopropane skeleton and structural units resulting from 1,2-addition of the conjugated diene and having a 1,2-cyclopentane skeleton represent 4 to 99.5 mol %.","label":"HouseConst","id":678} +{"sentence":"Method for reducing residual monomers in liquid systems by adding an oxidation-reduction initiator systemA process is described for reducing the residual monomer content in a liquid solution, mixture, melt, suspension or dispersion of a polymer by postpolymerization with addition of a redox initiator system at a reaction temperature appropriate to it and with an extremely short mixing time of the liquid system in the production reactor by metering--gradually, in portions or continuously--at least one of the redox initiator components required to initiate polymerization of the residual monomers over a period (metering time) which is from about 10 to 250 times the mixing time of the liquid system in said reactor.1. A process for reducing the residual monomer content in a liquid solution, mixture, melt, suspension or dispersion of a polymer prepared by free-radical polymerization in a liquid system by postpolymerization with addition of a redox initiator system at a reaction temperature from 20 to 140° C., which comprises gradually metering at least one of the redox initiator components required to initiate polymerization of the residual monomers into said liquid system in a production reactor having a volume of more than 20 liters with from 1 to 30 minutes mixing time of said liquid system as determined by the schlieren method in said production reactor, over a metering time which is from about 10 to 250 times said mixing time of said liquid system in said production reactor.","label":"Household","id":679} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition for base treadProvided is a rubber composition for base tread which can improve steering stability, rolling resistance and durability without deteriorating extrusion processability, comprising 1.8 to 3.5 parts by mass of sulfur and 36 to 60 parts by mass of filler for reinforcement comprising not less than 7 parts by mass of silica based on 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising: (a) not less than 0% by mass and not more than 20% by mass of (a1) a polybutadiene rubber comprising 2.5 to 20% by mass of 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene crystal and\/or (a2) a butadiene rubber synthesized with a rare earth containing catalyst; (b) more than 5% by mass and not more than 60% by mass of (b1) a predetermined tin-modified polybutadiene rubber and\/or (b2) a modified butadiene rubber modified with a predetermined compound; and (c) 40 to 75% by mass of a diene rubber other than (a) and (b).1. A base tread rubber composition, wherein the rubber composition comprises: 1.8 to 3.5 parts by mass of sulfur, 38 to 60 parts by mass of a filler for reinforcement consisting essentially of 7 to 55 parts by mass of silica with a BET specific surface area of 50 to 300 m2\/g and 5 to 40 parts by mass of carbon black with a BET specific surface area of 30 to 100 m2\/g, 1.0 to 3.0 parts by mass of stearic acid, 1.0 to 5.0 parts by mass of a mold release agent which is at least one member selected from the group consisting of a metal salt of a fatty acid, a fatty acid amide and an amide ester, 0.1 to 3.0 parts by mass of diphenylguanidine, and a rubber component, wherein the above parts by mass ranges are based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber component which comprises diene rubbers (a), (b) and (c) as follows: (a) greater than or 0% by mass and less than 20% by mass of (a1) a polybutadiene rubber comprising 2.5 to 20% by mass of 1,2-syndiotactic polybutadiene crystal (b) more than 5% by mass and not more than 60% by mass of (b1) a tin-modified polybutadiene rubber prepared with a lithium initiator and having a content of tin atoms of 50 to 3,000 ppm, a vinyl bond amount of 5 to 50% by mass and a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of not more than 2.0; and (c) 40 to 75% by mass of a diene rubber other than (a) and (b).","label":"Automobile","id":680} +{"sentence":"Process for manufacturing acrolein from glycerolThe subject of the present invention is a process for preparing acrolein by dehydration of glycerol in the presence of a catalyst system based on iron phosphorous oxide containing, in addition, one or more elements chosen from alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, AI, Si, B, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Zn, Zr, Sn, Sb, Ag, Cu, Nb, Mo, Y, Mn, Pt, Rh and the rare earths La, Ce, Sm. The process is preferably carried out in the gas phase in the presence of oxygen starting from aqueous solutions of glycerol. The process according to the invention makes it possible of obtain high acrolein selectivities.1. Process for manufacturing acrolein from glycerol, comprising dehydrating glycerol in the presence of a catalyst system which is a hulk catalyst used without any support and activated by a final calcination step, said hulk catalyst consisting of oxygen, iron, phosphorus, and one or more elements selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline-earth metals, Al, Si, B, Co, Cr, Ni, V, Zn, Zr, Sn, Sb, Ag, Cu, Nb, Mo, Y, Mn, Pt, Rh and rare earths La, Ce, Sm, wherein one or more elements is provided as hulk modifier compound or dopant to the catalyst system.","label":"Catalyst","id":681} +{"sentence":"Vinyl chloride resin composition, vinyl chloride resin molded product, and laminateProvided is a vinyl chloride resin composition that can provide a molded product having superior flexibility at low temperatures. The vinyl chloride resin composition includes (a) a vinyl chloride resin, (b) a diester plasticizer formed from a compound represented by formula (1) shown below, and (c) a trimellitate plasticizer. Furthermore, (a) the vinyl chloride resin includes (x) a base vinyl chloride resin in an amount of from 70 mass % to 100 mass % and (y) vinyl chloride resin fine particles in an amount of from 0 mass % to 30 mass %. In formula (1), R1and R3are monovalent hydrocarbon groups having an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond that may be the same or different, and R2is a divalent hydrocarbon group.1. A vinyl chloride resin composition comprising: (a) vinyl chloride resin; (b) a diester plasticizer formed from a compound represented by formula (1) shown below where, in formula (1), R1and R3are monovalent hydrocarbon groups having an unsaturated carbon-carbon bond, and said monovalent hydrocarbon groups of R1and R3being the same or different, and R2is a nonamethylene group or a decamethylene group; and (c) a trimellitate plasticizer, wherein a total amount of (b) the diester plasticizer and (c) the trimellitate plasticizer relative to 100 parts by mass of (a) the vinyl chloride resin is from 5 parts by mass to 200 parts by mass, wherein (a) the vinyl chloride resin includes (x) a base vinyl chloride resin particles having an average particle diameter of at least 50 min and no greater than 500 μm in an amount of from 70 mass % to 100 mass % and (y) vinyl chloride resin fine particles having an average particle diameter of at least 0.1 μm and no greater than 10 μm in an amount of from 0 mass % to 30 mass %, and wherein R2in formula (1) has a straight chain ratio of at least 90 mol %, where the straight chain ratio is a proportion of straight chain hydrocarbon groups relative to all hydrocarbon groups in R2, and in each of R1and R3in formula (1), a number of consecutive saturated carbon-carbon bonds is no greater than 12.","label":"HouseConst","id":682} +{"sentence":"Mercaptan chain transfer agent compositions useful in aqueous polymerizationsCopolymers of vinyl or vinylidene halides and vinyl esters of fatty acids having low molecular weights, good particle characteristics, and improved melt flow are made by aqueous polymerization utilizing an effective amount of a mercaptan as a chain transfer agent, wherein the chain transfer agent is admixed with the vinyl esters to form a chain transfer composition, and the composition be added before the start of the polymerization.1. A chain transfer composition for the polymerization of vinyl chloride and vinyl esters consisting essentially of (a) at least one mercaptan chain transfer agent and (b) at least one vinyl ester which is miscible with said mercaptan and which is capable of being copolymerized with vinyl chloride monomer wherein the total amount of vinyl ester in the polymerization is from about 1 part to about 20 parts per 100 parts of vinyl chloride.","label":"HouseConst","id":683} +{"sentence":"Water absorbing resin with improved internal structure and manufacturing method thereforAccording to the present invention, the manufacturing method for the water absorbing resin involves the step of polymerizing a water-soluble unsaturated monomer, 0.06 of 5 mol % of which is composed of an internal crosslinking agent; and the step of drying a water-containing gel which has a thermally decomposing radical initiator content index of 40 to 100 at 100 to 250° C. The water absorbing resin of the present invention contains a water-soluble unsaturated monomer as a repeat unit for a major chain, 90 mol % of the monomer being composed of an acrylic acid and\/or salt thereof, the resin having an internal crosslinking structure and exhibiting a weight-average molecular weight Mw of 360,000 to 1,000,000 daltons and an intrinsic viscosity IV of 2.1 to 6.0 dL\/g where the weight-average molecular weight Mw and the intrinsic viscosity IV are measured after treatment under set 2 of hydrolysis conditions.1. A water absorbing resin, comprising a water-soluble unsaturated monomer as a repeat unit for a major chain, 90 mol % or more, based on the total monomers making up the resin, of an acrylic acid and\/or salt thereof, the resin having an internal crosslinking structure and exhibiting a weight-average molecular weight Mw of 360,000 to 1,000,000 daltons and an intrinsic viscosity IV of 2.1 to 6.0 dL\/g where the weight-average molecular weight Mw and the intrinsic viscosity IV are measured after treatment under set 2 of hydrolysis conditions, in which treatment 20 mg of the water absorbing resin is left in 10 grams of a 0.1 mol\/L aqueous solution of sodium hydroxide at 80° C. for 3 weeks, and the water absorbing resin regulates a thermally decomposing radical initiator content index for a water-containing gel to 40 to 100.","label":"Household","id":684} +{"sentence":"Advanced gel sheet productionThe present invention provides various methods for producing gel sheets in a continuous fashion. The embodiments of the present invention help reduce the time of producing gel sheets that is suitable for industrial manufacturing. Such gel sheets are used in manufacturing aerogel blankets used in a variety of applications including thermal and acoustic insulation.1. A method for casting gel sheets comprising the steps of: providing a reinforcing layer; providing a separator layer; combining reinforcement layer and separator layer to make a pre-form roll; infusing a sol into the pre-form roll; and gelling the sol in the pre-form roll to produce gel sheets.","label":"IndustConst","id":685} +{"sentence":"Treatment of a liquid by circulation and gas contactingProcess and apparatus for treating waste water by circulating it, together with oxygen-containing gas, through communicating downflow and upflow pipes enclosed in a treatment chamber, the pipes being open at their bottom ends, and controlling the flow of waste water\/gas mixture from the downflow pipe to cause gas bubbles to escape downwardly, or part downwardly and part upwardly, in the treatment chamber.1. A process for the treatment of wastewater containing biologically degradable material, utilizing a main treatment chamber, a downflow pipe, and an upflow pipe; said downflow and upflow pipes being disposed within the main treatment chamber and in communication with the interior of the main treatment chamber at the lower ends thereof, and being in communication with each other at the upper ends thereof in a basin from which gas may escape; the lower end of the upflow pipe communicating with the chamber at a lower level than does the lower end of the downflow pipe; an upper region of the chamber being above the level at which the lower end of the downflow pipe communicates with the chamber, and a lower region of the chamber being below this level; said process comprising the steps of continuously introducing wastewater into the chamber; producing different types of flow in the upper and lower regions by continuously recirculating wastewater along a circulatory path within the chamber, including downwardly in the downflow pipe into and through the lower region and upwardly in the upflow pipe; continuously introducing gas into the wastewater so that the wastewater in the circulatory path makes contact with gas during circulation thereof, the wastewater continuous circulation and gas continuous introduction steps being accomplished by introducing gas-upwardly into the upflow pipe, all the wastewater in the upflow pipe flowing into the basin where gas is allowed to escape, and from the basin all the wastewater flowing into the downflow pipe, -and while it is flowing downwardly in the main treatment chamber; and by controlling the circulation rate of the wastewater and gas so that the downward velocity of wastewater in the lower region effects an automatic division of gas bubbles therein, some escaping upwardly to the upper region, and others being carried downwardly into the lower region; and continuously removing wastewater after sufficient treatment of the biologically degradable material therein.","label":"IndustConst","id":686} +{"sentence":"Aerogel composites, process for producing the same and their useThe present invention relates to mat-shaped composites having porosities above 60% and densities below 0.6 g\/cm3,comprising an aerogel and fibers dispersed therein, the aerogel having cracks and the aerogel fragments enclosed by the cracks, whose average volume is 0.001 mm3to 1 cm3,being held together by the fibers. The present invention further relates to processes for producing the composites of the invention and to their use.1. A mat-shaped composite comprising an aerogel having porosities above 60% and densities below 0.6 g\/cm3and fibers dispersed therein, the aerogel having cracks and the aerogel fragments enclosed by the cracks, whose average volume is 0.001 mm3to 1 cm3,being held together by the fibers.","label":"IndustConst","id":687} +{"sentence":"Method for producing denatured conjugated diene polymerA method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer usable as a raw material of a crosslinked polymer which is used for use in tires and the like of automobiles and can enhance low fuel consumption performance of automobiles and the like is provided. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising a polymerization step in which a monomer including a conjugated diene compound or a monomer including a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound is polymerized in the presence of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (1) and (2) and an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound to obtain a modified conjugated diene polymer. (In the formulae, A1is a hydrocarbylsilyl group in which three H's (hydrogen atoms) in a \"—SiH3\" structure are each substituted by a hydrocarbyl group, and R1and R2are hydrocarbylene groups.)1. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer, the method comprising: polymerizing a monomer comprising a conjugated diene compound or a monomer comprising a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound in the presence of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following formulae (1) and (2) and an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound, to obtain a first modified conjugated diene polymer: wherein, in formulae (1) and (2): A1is independently a hydrocarbylsilyl group in which the three hydrogen atoms of a SiH3 structure are each substituted by a hydrocarbyl group; and R1and R2are independently hydrocarbylene groups.","label":"Automobile","id":688} +{"sentence":"Production of a water-absorbing resin to which a particulate additive is admixedThe invention relates to a process for producing a water-absorbing resin by polymerization of a reaction mixture comprising at least one hydrophilic monomer and, if appropriate, at least one crosslinker in a reactor, which comprises admixing the reaction mixture with at least one first portion of a particulate additive before the reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 40% of the overall residence time in the reactor and with at least one second portion of a particulate additive when the reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 45% or more of the overall residence time in the reactor, the additive being selected from water-absorbing resin powders, fillers and mixtures thereof, the total solids content of monomer and additive being in the range from 30% to 60% by weight, the amount of additive being in the range from 5% to 50% by weight, based on the monomers, and the weight ratio of the first portion to the second portion of the additive being in the range from 10:1 to 1:5. The resin powder is recycled fine-sized material for example. Not only the residual monomer content, specifically the residual crosslinker content, but also the level of extractables in the water-absorbing resin are reduced by the method of addition described. A high fraction of additives can be incorporated without the properties of the water-absorbing resin obtained being adversely affected. The additives enter a sufficiently firm bond with the resin, so that no excessive dusting occurs on exposure to mechanical stress.1. A process for producing a water-absorbing resin by polymerization of a reaction mixture comprising at least one hydrophilic monomer and, optionally, at least one crosslinker in a reactor, which comprises admixing the reaction mixture with at least one first portion of a particulate additive before a reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 40% of the overall residence time in the reactor and with at least one second portion of a particulate additive when the reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 45% or more of the overall residence time in the reactor, the additive being selected from the group consisting of water-absorbing resin powders, fillers, and mixtures thereof, a total solids content of monomer and additive being in the range from 30% to 60% by weight, an amount of additive being in the range from 5% to 50% by weight, based on the monomers, and a weight ratio of the first portion to the second portion of the additive being in the range from 10:1 to 1:5.","label":"Household","id":689} +{"sentence":"Mixed metal oxide ammoxidation catalystsA catalytic composition useful for the conversion of an olefin selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene or mixtures thereof, to acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, and mixtures thereof. The catalytic composition comprising a complex of metal oxides comprising bismuth, molybdenum, iron, cerium and other promoter elements, wherein the X-ray diffraction pattern of the catalytic composition has X-ray diffraction peaks at 2θ angle 28±0.3 degrees and 2θ angle 26.5±0.3 degrees, and wherein the ratio of the intensity of the most intense x-ray diffraction peak within 2θ angle 28±0.3 degrees to the intensity of most intense x-ray diffraction peak within 2θ angle 26.5±0.3 degrees is defined as X\/Y, and wherein X\/Y is greater than or equal to 0.7.1. A catalytic composition comprising a complex of metal oxides wherein the relative ratios of the elements in said catalyst are represented by the following formula: Mo12BiaFebAcDdEeFfGgCehOx wherein A is at least one element selected from the group consisting of sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium; and D is at least one element selected from the group consisting of nickel, cobalt, manganese, zinc, magnesium, calcium, strontium, cadmium and barium; E is at least one element selected from the group consisting of chromium, tungsten, boron, aluminum, gallium, indium, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, vanadium and tellurium; F is at least one element selected from the group consisting of a rare earth element, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, tantalum, aluminum, gallium, indium, thallium, silicon, germanium, and lead; G is at least one element selected from the group consisting of silver, gold, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, platinum and mercury; and a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and n are, respectively, the atomic ratios of bismuth (Bi), iron (Fe), A, D, E, F, cerium (Ce) and oxygen (O), relative to 12 atoms of molybdenum (Mo), wherein a is from 0.05 to 7, b is from 0.1 to 7, c is from 0.01 to 5, d is from 0.1 to 12, e is from 0 to 5, f is from 0 to 5, g is from 0 to 0.2, h is from 0.01 to 5, and n is the number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the valence requirements of the other component elements present; wherein 0.15≦(a+h)\/d≦1 and 0.8≦h\/b≦5, and wherein the X-ray diffraction pattern of the above identified catalytic composition has X-ray diffraction peaks at 2θ angle 28±0.3 degrees and 2θ angle 26.5±0.3 degrees, and wherein the ratio of the intensity of the most intense x-ray diffraction peak within 2θ angle 28±0.3 degrees to the intensity of most intense x-ray diffraction peak within 2θ angle 26.5±0.3 degrees is defined as X\/Y, and wherein X\/Y is greater than or equal to 0.7.","label":"Catalyst","id":690} +{"sentence":"Process for producing modified conjugated diene based polymer, modified conjugated diene based polymer produced by the process, rubber composition, and tireThe invention provides a process for producing a modified conjugated diene based polymer which attains favorable interaction between a rubber component and carbon black and\/or silica, thereby improving dispersibility of the fillers, and which exhibits excellent properties such as heat-buildup-suppressing performance, fracture characteristics, and wear resistance; a modified conjugated diene based polymer produced through the process; a rubber composition containing the diene polymer; and a tire produced from the rubber composition and exhibiting the above properties. The process for producing a modified conjugated diene based polymer includes a step (a) of reacting a silicon compound with a conjugated diene based polymer having an active end so that the reaction takes place at the active end, the silicon compound having a protected primary amino group in the molecule thereof and a bi-functional silicon atom to which a hydrocarbyloxy group and a reactive group including a hydrocarbyloxy group are bonded, to thereby modify the active end, and a step (b) of performing condensation reaction which involves the compound having a bi-functional silicon atom, in the presence of a titanium compound serving as a titanium-based condensation-accelerating agent.1 . A process for producing a modified conjugated diene based polymer, the process comprising a step (a) of reacting a silicon compound with a conjugated diene based polymer having an active end so that the reaction takes places at the active end, the silicon compound having a protected primary amino group in the molecule thereof and a bi-functional silicon atom to which a hydrocarbyloxy group and a reactive group including a hydrocarbyloxy group are bonded, to thereby modify the active end, and a step (b) of performing condensation reaction which involves the compound having a bi-functional silicon atom, in the presence of a titanium compound serving as a titanium-based condensation-accelerating agent.","label":"Automobile","id":691} +{"sentence":"Methods of treatment using a BCAT1 inhibitorThe present invention is directed to BCAT inhibitors with the following formula: Wherein R1 is a linear alkyl group and X+ denotes a cation. These inhibitors are useful in treating autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease.1. A method for treating an autoimmune inflammatory disease in a subject, comprising administering to a subject having an autoimmune inflammatory disease a therapeutically effective amount of a BCAT1 inhibitor and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, where the BCAT1 inhibitor is selected from the group of compounds encompassed by formula (1): where R1 is a linear alkyl group and X+ denotes a cation, and where the autoimmune inflammatory disease is selected from the group consisting of systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), multiple sclerosis (MS), psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel disease.","label":"Automobile","id":692} +{"sentence":"Method for producing (meth) acrylic acidA method for producing (meth)acrylic acid relevant to the present invention has the step for producing (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas by subjecting raw material gas to a catalytic vapor phase oxidation reaction in a reactor for catalytic vapor phase oxidation; and the step for obtaining a (meth)acrylic acid solution by introducing (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas thus produced to an absorption tower and separating non-condensable gas from (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas, and it is an object to provide a method for obtaining a high concentration acrylic acid solution stably by controlling temperature of (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas just before being supplied to the absorption tower, regardless of temperature fluctuation of gas discharged from the reactor for catalytic vapor phase oxidation.1. A method for producing (meth)acrylic acid comprising: (1) subjecting a raw material of (meth)acrylic acid to catalytic vapor phase oxidation by molecular oxygen-containing gas, in the presence of an oxidation catalyst to produce (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas; (2) cooling said (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas; and (3) obtaining a (meth)acrylic acid solution by introducing said cooled gas to an absorption tower and contacting said cooled gas with an absorbing agent for acrylic acid to separate non-condensable gas, characterized in that a (meth)acrylic acid solution with a high concentration of equal to or higher than 75% by mass is obtained, by setting a lower temperature limit not less than 200° C. in step (2) for cooling said (meth)acrylic acid-containing gas, from the operation conditions for step (3), and controlling the cooling of said gas during whole reaction period so that said gas temperature does not become below said lower limit of cooling temperature.","label":"Process","id":693} +{"sentence":"Biocompatible materials comprising albumin-binding dyesA biocompatible prosthetic device is provided which comprises a solid polymeric body incorporating an amount of an albumin-binding dye effective to form a coating of endogenous albumin on said device when the device is in contact with a physiological fluid containing albumin. A method of increasing the albumin-binding ability of a prosthetic device is also provided.1. A biocompatible prosthetic device having a solid polymeric body incorporating an amount of an albumin-binding dye effective to provide a means to form a coating of endogenous albumin on said device when said device is in contact with a physiological fluid containing albumin.","label":"Catalyst","id":694} +{"sentence":"Absorbent structures containing specific particle size distributions of superabsorbent hydrogel-forming materials mixed with inorganic powdersAbsorbent structures are disclosed which contain a particulate material composition. The particulate material composition comprised specific, relatively narrow, particle size distributions of superabsorbent hydrogel-forming material particles formed by solution polymerization methods and mixed with inorganic powders. The particles of superabsorbent material are of such size that at least about 70% of said particles, by weight, will pass through a U.S. Standard 50 mesh sieve with 297 micron openings and be retained on a U.S. Standard 170 mesh sieve with 88 micron openings when said particles are tested according to the Sieving Test described herein. The inorganic powder, such as amorphous silica, is intermixed with the particles of superabsorbent material in amount of between about 0.1 to about 5 parts per 100 parts of the particles of superabsorbent material. The absorbent structures of the present invention are useful in disposable absorbent articles such as diapers, adult incontinence pads, and the like.1. An absorbent structure comprising a primary structure and a particulate material composition in said primary structure, said particulate material composition comprising an inorganic powder intermixed with particles of substantially water-insoluble, absorbent, hydrogel-forming, polymer material which has been formed by solution polymerization, said polymer material particles being of such size that at least about 70% of said polymer material particles, by weight, will pass through a U.S. Standard 50 mesh sieve with 297 micron openings and be retained on a U.S. Standard 170 mesh sieve with 88 micron openings when said polymer material particles are tested according to the Sieving Test.","label":"Household","id":695} +{"sentence":"Method for displaying\/analyzing body fluid absorption mode of absorbent articleTo know an absorption and diffusion state with time of drainage. In a state in which an absorbent article is put on a human body type dummy doll equipped with a body fluid-supplying means, the absorbent article is photographed after the fluid is excreted from the dummy doll by an X-ray CT apparatus; and at least one absorption modes of absorption modes of the drainage into the absorbent article after the excretion in the state in which the absorbent article is put on the dummy doll, and absorption dynamics of the drainage on the absorbent article after the excretion is displayed\/analyzed based on the photographed image.1. A method for displaying\/analyzing a body fluid absorption mode of an absorbent article comprising the steps of: in a state in which an absorbent article is put on a human body type dummy doll equipped with a body fluid-supplying means, photographing the absorbent article after the fluid is excreted from the dummy doll by an X-ray CT apparatus; and displaying\/analyzing, based on the photographed image, the change with time of the absorption and diffusion state of the drainage into the absorbent article after the excretion in the state in which the absorbent article is put on the dummy doll, wherein: the dummy doll is set on a bed which can move forward toward a photographing position of the X-ray CT apparatus; after the bed is put into the photographing position, an X-ray source and a detector of the X-ray CT apparatus are turned around the dummy doll, while the body fluid-supplying means is driven to inject artificial urine into the dummy doll; the artificial urine supplied by the body fluid-supplying means is passed through a path formed in the human body type dummy doll and drains from a private part of the dummy doll; the change with time of the absorption and diffusion of the artificial urine in an absorbent article is measured by the X-ray CT apparatus; and the absorbent article and the artificial urine is only displayed by using a window function of the X-ray CT apparatus.","label":"Household","id":696} +{"sentence":"Polymerization with substituted indenyl cyclopentadienyl metallocenesOlefins are polymerized with a catalyst system resulting from the combination of unbridged substituted indenyl cyclopentadienyl metallocenes and an organoaluminum cocatalyst.1. A catalyst system useful for the polymerization of olefins comprising the combination of an unbridged metallocene of the formula (In)(Cp)MQ2wherein In is a substituted indenyl radical having a substituent in at least one of the 1, 2, or 3 positions, said substituents being selected from phenyl radicals, alkyl radicals having 1 to 10 carbon atoms and trialkylsilyl radicals wherein the alkyl groups have 1 to 4 carbons; Cp is an unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl radical; M is a transition metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium; and each Q is the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl radicals having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, alkoxy radicals having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, aryloxy radicals having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, hydrogen, and halides and a suitable cocatalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":697} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with heterocyclic nitrile compoundsA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of preparing a reactive polymer and reacting the reactive polymer with a heterocyclic nitrile compound.1. A functionalized polymer defined by at least one of the formulae: where π is a polydiene polymer chain having a cis-1,4-linkage content greater than 60%, θ is a heterocyclic group, and R is a divalent organic group, where the polymer is prepared by polymerizing conjugated diene monomer with a lanthanide-based catalyst system.","label":"Automobile","id":698} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of copolymers of ethylene with alpha-olefinsEthylene based copolymers having high molecular weights, narrow molecular weight distributions, and a very good homogeneous distribution of the comonomer units can be obtained in high yields at temperatures of industrial interest, by carrying out the polymerization reaction in the presence of metallocene catalysts comprising particular bridged bis-indenyl compounds substituted in the 3-position on the indenyl groups.1. A process for the preparation of copolymers of ethylene having a reactivity r1*r2lower than 0.30, wherein r1is the relative reactivity if the comonomer versus ethylene and r2is the relative reactivity of ethiylene, md an intrinsic viscosity (I.V.) higher than 0.5 dl\/g measured in tertralin at 135° C., comprising the polymerization reaction of ethylene with at least one alpha-oleflin, and optionally with one or more polyenes, in the presence of a catalyst obtained by contacting: (A) a metallocene compound of the formula (I): wherein substituents R1are hydrogen atoms or C1-C10-alyl groups, substituents R2are CHR10R11,SiR12R13R14or GeR15R16R17groups, wherein R10,R11,R12,R15are hydrogen atoms, C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radicals, optionally containing silicon or germanium atoms; R13,R14,R16,R17are C1-C20-arylakyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radicals, optionaly containing silicon or germanium atoms; R3and R4,same or different, are hydrogen atoms or CHR5W6groups; R3and R4can form a ring having 3 to 8 carbon atoms which can contain hetero atoms, R5and R6,same or different are hydrogen atoms, C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radicals, which can form a ring having 3 to 8 carbon atoms which can contain hetero atoms; the R7substituents, same or different, are C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-anlkylaryl or C7-C20-alkylaryl radicals, optionally contaning silicon or germanium atoms; and optionally two adjacent R7substituents can form a ring comprising from 5 to 8 carbon atoms, n being an integer from 0 to 4; M is a tradtion metal atom selected from the group consiing of the atoms of groups 3, 4, 5, 6, and the lanthanide and actinide groups of the Periodic Table of the Elements (new IUPAC version), X same or different, is a mono anionic ligand selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an R8,OR8,OSO2CF3,OCOR8,SR8,NR82and PR82group, wherein the substituents R8are a C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containig silicon or germanium atoms, p is an integer of from 0 to 3, being equal to the oxidation state of the metal M minus two; and (B) an aloxane andor a compound capable of fdrming an alkyl metallocene cation.","label":"Catalyst","id":699} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic compositions comprising vinyl chloride polymer, CLPE and fluoropolymerThe invention relates to a thermoplastic composition which comprises vinyl chloride polymers and chlorinated polyethylene and which contains finely divided fluoropolymers and has a markedly improved processability, particularly when shaped by extrusion.1. A thermoplastic composition consisting essentially of (A) 97 to 80% by weight of a vinyl chloride polymer and (B) 3 to 20% by weight of a chlorinated low-pressure polyethylene, wherein, before the components (A) and (B) are mixed, the component (B) is mixed with 0.01 to 2.0% by weight, relative to the chlorinated low-pressure polyethylene, of a finely divided fluoropolymer.","label":"HouseConst","id":700} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing polymeric particles and method for the production thereofThe present invention relates to a water absorbing material obtainable by a process comprising the steps of bringing particles of a non surface-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer in contact with a) at least one postcrosslinker, b) 10-1000 ppm, based on the non surface-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer, of at least one Nitrogen-containing water-soluble polymer of which the Nitrogen can be protonated, and c) at least one hydrophobic polymer and heat-treating the particles thus obtained at a temperature in the range from 120° C. to 300° C. and a method for the production thereof.1. A water absorbing material prepared by a process comprising bringing particles of a non surface-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer in contact with a) at least one postcrosslinker, b) 10-1000 ppm, based on the non surface-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer, of at least one nitrogen atom-containing water-soluble polymer of which the nitrogen atom can be protonated, and c) 0.001-0.5 wt %, based on the non surface-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer, of at least one hydrophobic polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane, a poly(meth)acrylate, a polyacrylate, a copolymer of styrene-(meth)acrylate, a copolymer of styrene and (meth)acrylate comprising acrylonitrile, a copolymer of butadiene styrene and acrylonitrile, a (co)polymer of (crosslinkable) N-vinylpyrrolidone, and a (co)polymer of vinylacetate and heat-treating the resulting particles at a temperature in a range from 120° C. to 300° C.","label":"Household","id":701} +{"sentence":"Production and Use of 3,4' and 4,4'-Dimethylbiphenyl IsomersIn a process for producing 3,4′ and\/or 4,4′ dimethyl-substituted biphenyl compounds, a feed comprising toluene is contacted with hydrogen in the presence of a hydroalkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a hydroalkylation reaction product comprising (methylcyclohexyl)toluenes. At least part of the hydroalkylation reaction product is dehydrogenated in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a dehydrogenation reaction product comprising a mixture of dimethyl-substituted biphenyl isomers. The dehydrogenation reaction product is then separated into at least a first stream containing at least 50% of 3,4′ and 4,4′ dimethylbiphenyl isomers by weight of the first stream and at least one second stream comprising one or more 2,x′ (where x′ is 2′, 3′, or 4′) and 3,3′ dimethylbiphenyl isomers.1 . A process for producing 3,4′ and\/or 4,4′ dimethyl-substituted biphenyl compounds, the process comprising: (a2) contacting a feed comprising benzene with hydrogen in the presence of a hydroalkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a hydroalkylation reaction product comprising cyclohexylbenzenes; (b2) dehydrogenating at least part of the hydroalkylation reaction product in the presence of a dehydrogenation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a dehydrogenation reaction product comprising biphenyl; (c2) reacting at least part of the dehydrogenation reaction product with a methylating agent in the presence of an alkylation catalyst under conditions effective to produce a methylation reaction product comprising a mixture of dimethyl-substituted biphenyl isomers; and (d2) separating the methylation reaction product into at least a first stream containing at least 50% of 3,4′ and 4,4′ dimethylbiphenyl isomers by weight of the first stream and at least one second stream comprising one or more 2,X′ (where X′ is 2′, 3′, or 4′) and 3,3′ dimethylbiphenyl isomers.","label":"HouseConst","id":702} +{"sentence":"ORGANIC RANKINE BINARY CYCLE POWER GENERATION SYSTEMAn organic rankine binary cycle power generation system includes: a superheater heating a working fluid by exchanging heat with discharged heat; a turbine receiving the working fluid from the superheater and generating mechanical energy; a power generator connected to a power shaft of the turbine and generating power; a condenser keeping gas-state and liquid-state working fluids having passed through the turbine; a pump pumping the liquid-state working fluid in the condenser; a buffer tank disposed in a working fluid line between the pump and the superheater and keeping the gas-state and liquid-state working fluids; a compressor connected to the power shaft of the turbine, connected to the condenser and the buffer tank through diverging lines, respectively; and an expansion valve disposed in a bypass line connecting the buffer tank and the condenser and forcibly evaporating the working fluid moved by a pressure difference between the buffer tank and the condenser.1 . An organic rankine binary cycle power generation system comprising: a superheater heating a working fluid by exchanging heat with discharged heat; a turbine receiving the working fluid from the superheater and generating mechanical energy; a power generator connected to a power shaft of the turbine and generating power; a condenser keeping gas-state and liquid-state working fluids having passed through the turbine; a pump pumping the liquid-state working fluid in the condenser; a buffer tank disposed in a working fluid line between the pump and the superheater and keeping the gas-state and liquid-state working fluids; a compressor connected to the power shaft of the turbine, connected to the condenser and the buffer tank through diverging lines, respectively, and taking the working fluid inside from the condenser, compressing and heating the working fluid, and sending the working fluid to the buffer tank by using power from the turbine; and an expansion valve disposed in a bypass line connecting the buffer tank and the condenser and forcibly evaporating the working fluid moved by a pressure difference between the buffer tank and the condenser, wherein the working fluid is a single working fluid shared by a first cycle line made by a series of the turbine, the condenser, the pump, the buffer tank, and the superheater and a second cycle line made by a series of the compressor, the buffer tank, the expansion valve, and the condenser.","label":"Process","id":703} +{"sentence":"Adducts of polyalkylene glycol monoglycidyl ethers and amine compoundsThe present invention relates to adducts obtainable by reaction of: A) an amine compound containing 2 or more than 2 amino groups: with B) a polyalkylene glycol monoglycidyl ether of general formula (I), in which R independently of one another (for n>1), is an —H or —CH, radical, and n=1 to 50, characterized in that the reaction ratio of components A) and B) is selected in such a way that the resultant adduct contains 2 or more than 2 amine hydrogen groups: to curable compositions based on these adducts with epoxy resins, and to the use of these curable compositions as casting resin, adhesive, matrix resin, tooling resin or as coating composition, in particular for self-flowing coatings.1. An adduct obtainable by reaction of: A) an amine compound containing two or more than two amino groups, with B) a polyalkylene glycol monoglycidyl ether of the general formula (I)  in which R, independently of one another (for n>1), is an —H or —CH3 radical, and n is 1 to 50;  wherein the reaction ratio of components A) and B) is selected in such a way that the resultant adduct contains two or more than two amine hydrogen groups.","label":"Household","id":704} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of water absorptive resinA process for the preparation of water absorptive resins which comprises supplying a solution containing at least 20% by weight of a water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer as a main component to a polymerization vessel accommodating a vapor phase comprising steam or a mixture of steam with at least one gas substantially inert with respect to polymerization, and polymerizing the monomer in the vapor phase under the relative humidity conditions in the vapor phase of 30% or more.1. A process for the preparation of water absorptive resins which comprises supplying a solution containing as a main component 45 to 80% by weight of a water soluble monomer selected from the group consisting of a partially neutralized sodium acrylate in which 20 to below 95% of the carboxyl groups are neutralized to its sodium salt and a partially neutralized potassium acrylate in which 40% or more of the carboxyl groups are neutralized to its potassium salt to a polymerization vessel accommodating a vapor phase comprising steam or a mixture of steam with at lest one gas substantially inert with respect to polymerization, and polymerizing the monomer with the use of a redox initiator or with irradiation of ultraviolet rays and\/or high-energy radiations in the vapor phase under the relative humidity conditions in said vapor phase of 30% or more.","label":"Household","id":705} +{"sentence":"Method of surface cross-linking highly neutralized superabsorbent polymer particles using bronsted acidsA method of surface cross-linking superabsorbent polymer particles having a relatively high degree of neutralization is provided. Brønsted acids are selectively applied onto the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particles to selectively facilitate a relatively high number of protonated carboxyl groups at the surface of the superabsorbent polymer particles while the relatively high degree of neutralization in the core of the superabsorbent polymer particles remains substantially unaffected.1 . A method of surface cross-linking superabsorbent polymer particles which comprises the steps of: a) providing superabsorbent polymer particles having a surface and a core; b) applying one or more Brønsted acids onto said surface of said superabsorbent polymer particles; and c) surface cross-linking said superabsorbent polymer particles, said surface cross-linking not being achieved by exposing said superabsorbent polymer particles to UV radiation having a wavelength from about 100 nm to about 400 nm; wherein said superabsorbent polymer particles have a degree of neutralization of at least about 80 mol-%.","label":"Household","id":706} +{"sentence":"Process for production of water-absorbing materialAn object of the present invention is to make it possible, in order to form the fine powder of the water-absorbent resin into a water-absorbing material having particle diameters favorable for practical use, that a water-absorbing material which has high agglomeration strength and is excellent in the quality performances is obtained at a low cost with good efficiency without causing the problems of the adhesion to such as treatment apparatus. As a means of achieving this object, a process according to the present invention for production of a water-absorbing material is a process for production of a water-absorbing material from a fine powder of a water-absorbent resin wherein the water-absorbing material is a particulate water-absorbing material having particle diameters larger than the fine powder, with the process comprising: a step (a) of adding an aqueous liquid to the fine powder of the water-absorbent resin with such as a high-speed stirring type continuous extrusion mixer 50 so that the overall average water content will be in the range of 20 to 60 weight %, whereby particles of the fine powder are agglomerated to thus obtain a particulate hydrous material 70 of the water-absorbent resin; and a step (b) of applying a mechanical compression force to the particulate hydrous material 70 and, at the same time, knead-pulverizing it, with such as a meat chopper apparatus 30 , thereby obtaining particulate agglomerates 40 of the water-absorbing material.1. A process for production of a water-absorbing material, which is a process for production of a water-absorbing material from a fine powder of a water-absorbent resin wherein the water-absorbing material is a particulate water-absorbing material having particle diameters larger than the fine powder, with the process comprising: a step (a) of adding an aqueous liquid to the fine powder of the water-absorbent resin so that the overall average water content will be in the range of 20 to 60 weight %, whereby particles of the fine powder are agglomerated to thus obtain a hydrous material of the water-absorbent resin having at least two portions with different water contents; and a step (b) of applying a mechanical compression force to the hydrous material and, at the same time, pulverizing it, thereby obtaining particulate agglomerates of the water-absorbing material.","label":"Household","id":707} +{"sentence":"Method for chemical processing semiconductor wafersA method and apparatus for processing semiconductor wafer blanks comprises an enclosed chamber with upper and lower plates with a plurality of fluid openings leading from a source of chemical cleaning fluids, flushing fluid and dry nitrogen gas. The top plate also acts as a vacuum chuck to hold the wafer after the top surface has been cleaned and may rotate or oscillate to enhance the cleaning of the lower wafer surface. The method includes a chemical cleaning of the wafer top followed by processing the lower surface by pumping appropriate chemicals through the lower plate center toward the wafer periphery while the wafer is extremely close to the surface so that the outward moving fluids cover the wafer surface and are sparingly used. As the chemicals flow toward the periphery, their strength is renewed by the addition of new chemicals pumped through additional holes.1. A method for chemically processing a semiconductor wafer comprising the steps of: (a) inserting the wafer between an upper working surface and a lower working surface of an enclosed chamber; (b) supporting the wafer substantially parallel to the upper and lower working surfaces such that a narrow gap having a substantially uniform depth is created between substantially the entire area of at least one surface of the wafer and the corresponding area of the corresponding working surface; and (c) processing at least one surface of the wafer by (c1) injecting selected processing fluids into the enclosed chamber through at least one entry opening in either the upper working surface the lower working surface or both the upper and the lower working surfaces; (c2) forcing the selected processing fluids through the narrow gap and over the corresponding working surface of the wafer, and (c3) draining the selected processing fluids from the enclosed chamber through at least one drain in the chamber.","label":"IndustConst","id":708} +{"sentence":"Process for polymerizing an olefin monomer and catalyst thereforThe present invention generally relates to a process that polymerizes an olefin monomer, and a precatalyst and catalyst useful in such process.1. A process for polymerizing an olefin monomer, the process comprising a step of contacting together a catalytic amount of a catalyst comprising a mixture or reaction product of components (a) and (b), wherein component (a) comprises a metal-ligand complex and component (b) comprises an activating co-catalyst; and an olefin monomer as component (c); the component (a) being one or more metal-ligand complexes of formula (I): wherein: M is a metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the metal being in a formal oxidation state of +3 or +4; n is an integer of from 1 to 5; each X independently is a monodentate ligand that is neutral, monoanionic, or dianionic; or two X are taken together to form a bidentate ligand that is neutral, monoanionic, or dianionic; X and n are chosen in such a way that the metal-ligand complex of formula (I) is, in aggregate, neutral; each of R1to R6independently is a hydrogen atom, (C1-C40)hydrocarbyl, (C1-C40)heterohydrocarbyl, (C1-C40)hydrocarbyl-O—, or halogen atom; R7independently is a (C1-C40)hydrocarbyl or (C1-C40)heterohydrocarbyl; or one X, when a monodentate ligand, is taken together with any one of R1to R7in such a way so that the metal-ligand complex of formula (I) contains a tridentate ligand; each of the aforementioned hydrocarbyl and heterohydrocarbyl independently is unsubstituted or substituted with one or more substituents RS; and each RSindependently is a halogen atom, polyfluoro, perfluoro, or unsubstituted (C1-C18)alkyl, F3C—, FCH2O—, F2HCO—, F3CO—, R3Si—, RO—, RS—, RS(O)—, RS(O)2—, R2P—, R2N—, R2C═N—, NC—, RC(O)O—, ROC(O)—, RC(O)N(R)—, or R2NC(O)—, wherein each R independently is an unsubstituted (C1-C18)alkyl; and the component (b) being one or more activating co-catalysts, or a reaction product thereof, wherein the ratio of total number of moles of the one or more metal-ligand complexes of formula (I) to total number of moles of the one or more activating co-catalysts is from 1:10,000 to 100:1; wherein the contacting step is performed under olefin polymerizing conditions and prepares a polyolefin, and wherein the metal-ligand complex of formula (I) is a metal-ligand complex of formula (Ip), (Ia), (Ia-1), (Ia-1.1), or (Ia-2): wherein at least one of R72and R76independently is a (C1-C40)alkyl and each of the remainder of R72to R76independently is a hydrogen atom or RS; wherein in formula (Ia) each of R1and R3independently is a (C1-C40)hydrocarbyl or (C1-C40)heterohydrocarbyl; wherein in formula (Ia-1) each of R72to R76independently is a hydrogen atom, a (C1-C40)alkyl, or RS, wherein RSis as defined previously, and wherein in formula (Ia-1) each of R1and R3independently is a (C1-C40)hydrocarbyl or (C1-C40)heterohydrocarbyl; or wherein in formula (Ia-1.1) each of R72to R76independently is a hydrogen atom, a (C1-C40)alkyl, or RS, wherein RSis as defined previously; or wherein in formula (Ia-1.2) each of R72to R76independently is a hydrogen atom, a (C1-C40)alkyl, or RS, wherein RSis as defined previously.","label":"Construct","id":709} +{"sentence":"Methacrylate-butadiene-styrene graft polymer and its PVC blends having low yellowness, good clarity, and improved impact strengthMulti-stage rubber-based MBS resin compositions are provided which include a polymeric substrate stage of a conjugated diolefin-based polymer or copolymer and optional units derived from a cross-linking agent or agents, and at least one polymeric graft stage graft polymerized in the presence of the substrate stage which include monomers of an acrylate, a vinyl aromatic, or a mixture of those monomers and optional units derived from a cross-linking agent or agents and\/or units which serve as a graft-linking agent or agents wherein the weight ratio of acrylate in all graft stages combined to vinyl aromatic in all graft stages combined is at least 1.2:1. Additionally, modified vinyl chloride polymer compositions which include a vinyl chloride polymer or copolymer in combination with an impact modifying, yellowness index improving amount of the multi-stage rubber-based resin compositions above are provided. These modified vinyl chloride polymer compositions have a low yellowness index, good clarity, and desirable impact properties. Finally, processes for the production of the above compositions are provided.1. A multi-stage rubber-based resin composition comprising: (a) a polymeric substrate stage comprising a conjugated diolefin-based polymer or copolymer; and (b) at least three polymeric graft stages graft polymerized in the presence of said substrate stage; wherein the weight ratio of acrylate in all graft stages combined to vinyl aromatic in all graft stages combined is at least 1.2:1, wherein said multi-stage rubber-based resin composition comprises a first graft stage of methylmethacrylate, an intermediate graft stage of methylmethacrylate\/styrene copolymer, and a final graft stage selected from the group consisting of methylmethacrylate and styrene.","label":"IndustConst","id":710} +{"sentence":"Composition of cross-linked polymers comprising pending exchangeable bonds and exchangeable cross-links, via aldehyde-imine and\/or imine-imine exchange reactions, preparation processes and useThe object of the invention is a composition comprising (a) cross-linked polymers containing pending links and cross-links that are exchangeable by aldehyde-imine exchange reactions and\/or by imine-imine exchange reactions, obtained by cross-linking of linear or branched polymers; and (b) free monofunctional aldehydes and\/or free monofunctional Another object of the invention is preparation processes of such a composition and the uses of the composition. Another object of the invention is compositions for cross-linking linear or branched polymers and their use to form a composition comprising cross-linked polymers containing pending links and cross-links that are exchangeable by aldehyde-imine exchange reactions and\/or by imine-imine exchange reactions. Finally, an object of the invention is the use of aldehyde to catalyze imine-imine metathesis reactions and imine-aldehyde exchange reactions.1. A composition comprising: (a) cross-linked polymers containing pending links and cross-links exchangeable by aldehyde-imine exchange reactions, imine-imine exchange reactions or aldehyde-imine and imine-imine exchange reactions, wherein the polymers, before cross-linking, are linear or branched polymers with side groups carrying: aldehyde functional groups; or imine functional groups linked to the polymer by the carbon atom; or imine functional groups linked to the polymer by the nitrogen atom; or aldehyde functional groups and imine functional groups linked to the polymer by the carbon atom; and (b) free monofunctional aldehydes, free monofunctional imines, or both.","label":"Automobile","id":711} +{"sentence":"Low capital implementation of distributed distillation in ethylene recoveryAn apparatus for recovering ethylene from a hydrocarbon feed stream, where the apparatus is a single distillation column pressure shell encasing an upper region and a lower region. The upper region houses an ethylene distributor rectifying section and the lower region houses a C2 distributor section and an ethylene distributor stripping section. Vapor passes from the lower region into the upper region, and liquid passes from the upper region to the lower region. The process for recovering the ethylene is also disclosed. The hydrocarbon feed stream is introduced into the C2 distributor section, and after a series of stripping and refluxing steps, distinct hydrocarbon products are recovered from the C2 distributor section, the ethylene distributor stripping section, and the ethylene distributor rectifying section, respectively.1. A process for the recovery and partial purification of ethylene from at least one feed stream introduced into a distillation column pressure shell encasing an upper region comprising an ethylene distributor rectifying section and a lower region comprising a C2 distributor section and an ethylene distributor stripping section, said feed stream comprising ethylene, ethane, a component or components lighter than ethylene, and optionally C3 and heavier components comprising: a. Introducing said feed stream into said C2 distributor section; b. Providing a means for introducing stripping vapor into said C2 distributor section; c. Introducing upflowing vapors from said C2 distributor section and said ethylene distributor stripping section into said ethylene distributor rectifying section; d. Providing a means for introducing stripping vapor into said ethylene distributor stripping section; e. Introducing downflowing liquid from said ethylene distributor rectifying section into said C2 distributor section and said ethylene distributor stripping section; f. Refluxing said ethylene distributor rectifying section; g. Recovering a stream of ethylene, ethane and C3+components from the bottom of said C2 distributor section; h. Recovering a stream of ethane and ethylene from the bottom of said ethylene distributor stripping section; and i. Recovering a stream of ethylene and components lighter than ethylene from the overhead of said ethylene distributor rectifying section.","label":"Process","id":712} +{"sentence":"Redox polymerization method, water-absorbent resin composite, and absorbent articleIn a method of redox polymerization of monomer by the use of a non-metal reducing agent and a non-metal oxidizing agent, a transition metal compound is used in addition to the reducing agent and the oxidizing agent in an amount of from 0.01 to 100 ppm by weight in terms of the metal thereof relative to the monomer, whereby the polymerization speed is significantly increased. Using this, water-absorbent resin composite and an absorbent article can be produced.1 . A method for producing a polymer through redox polymerization of a monomer by the use of a non-metal reducing agent and a non-metal oxidizing agent, wherein a transition metal compound is used in addition to the reducing agent and the oxidizing agent, in an amount of from 0.01 to 100 ppm by weight in terms of the metal thereof relative to the monomer.","label":"Household","id":713} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbing agent with water-absorbing resin as main componentThe present invention provides a water absorbing agent which maintains excellent water absorbing properties for a long time, even when urine composition of human urine varies depending. A particulate water absorbing agent comprising a water-absorbing resin obtained by crosslinking polymerization of an unsaturated monomer, which exhibits Centrifuge retention capacity in a physiological saline solution of not lower than 32 g\/g, mass median particle size (D50) of 200 to 400 μm, ratio of particles with diameter of smaller than 150 μm of 0 to 2% by weight, and increased extractables by deterioration of 0 to 15% by weight and extractables for one hour in deterioration test liquid of 0.1 to 30% by weight.1 . A particulate water absorbing agent comprising a water-absorbing resin obtained by crosslinking polymerization of an unsaturated monomer containing an acid group and\/or a salt thereof and said water absorbing agent satisfies the following (a) to (d): (a) centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) of the water absorbing agent in a physiological saline solution being in the range not lower than 32 g\/g; (b) mass median particle size (D50) of the water absorbing agent being in the range of 200 to 400 μm; (c) ratio of particles of the water absorbing agent having diameter of smaller than 150 μm being in the range of 0 to 2% by weight; and (d) increased extractables of the water absorbing agent by deterioration expressed by the following formula of 0 to 15% by weight and extractables of the water absorbing agent for one hour in deterioration test liquid of 0.1 to 30% by weight, wherein the deterioration test solution means a physiological saline solution containing 0.05% by weight of L-ascorbic acid. Increased extractables by deterioration (% by weight)=extractables for one hour in deterioration test liquid (% by weight)−extractables for one hour in a physiological saline solution (% by weight)","label":"Household","id":714} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymer compositions having color stabilityThe invention relates to absorptive, crosslinked polymeric compositions that are based on partly neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomer carrying acid groups wherein the absorptive, crosslinked polymeric composition further includes an antioxidant and is color stable.1. A superabsorbent polymer composition comprising a superabsorbent polymer comprising: a) from about 55% to about 99.9% by weight of the superabsorbent polymer of polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer based on the superabsorbent polymer; and b) from about 0.001% to about 5% by weight of internal crosslinking agent based on the polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer; c) from about 50 to 1000 ppm of a thermal initiator based on the polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer wherein the thermal initiator is selected from sodium persulfate, potassium persulfate or ammonium persulfate; wherein the superabsorbent polymer has a degree of neutralization of from about 50 mol % to about 80 mol %; wherein elements a), b) and c) are polymerized into a crosslinked hydrogel, which is then prepared into superabsorbent polymer particles; the superabsorbent polymer composition further comprising the following surface additives to form superabsorbent polymer composition particles i) from about 0.001% to about 5% by weight of surface crosslinking agent based on the superabsorbent polymer composition; ii) from about 0.01% to about 5% by weight of an antioxidant based on the superabsorbent polymer composition is added to the polymerized product whether in crosslinked hydrogel or subsequent superabsorbent polymer particles or superabsorbent polymer composition particle form, wherein the antioxidant is selected from sulfinic acid, 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinatoacetic acid, 2-hydroxy-2-sulfonatoacetic acid, sulfamic acid, and sulfonic acid, and salts and derivatives of the foregoing and mixtures thereof, and iii) from about 0.1% to about 1% by weight of the dry superabsorbent polymer composition of a chelating agent.","label":"Household","id":715} +{"sentence":"Multiphase contact and distribution apparatus for hydroprocessingSystems and apparatus for mixing, cooling, and distributing multiphase fluid mixtures within a reactor, wherein reactor internal apparatus of the present invention provides not only improved fluid mixing and distribution to each underlying catalyst bed surface, but also offers other advantages including: decreased mixing tray height; easier maintenance, assembly and disassembly; and decreased amounts of fabrication material. In an embodiment, fluid may be evenly distributed to a catalyst bed from a fluid distribution unit comprising a nozzle tray including a plurality of nozzles, wherein the nozzles include at least one liquid inlet disposed tangentially to an inner surface of the nozzle.1. A fluid distribution nozzle, comprising: (a) a substantially cylindrical nozzle body having a plurality of outer slots disposed circumferentially around the nozzle body; (b) a cap affixed to a proximal portion of the nozzle body, the cap having an axial proximal opening therein; (c) a base affixed to a distal portion of the nozzle body, the base having an axial distal opening therein; and (d) a substantially cylindrical inner conduit disposed axially within the proximal portion of the nozzle body, the inner conduit disposed within the proximal opening of the cap, and the inner conduit extending proximally from the cap to define a proximal end of the inner conduit, the inner conduit having a plurality of inner slots disposed circumferentially around the proximal end of the inner conduit, and a distal end of the inner conduit terminating distally at a location proximal to a distal end of each of the outer slots.","label":"Process","id":716} +{"sentence":"Absorbent product comprising odor control materialHygienic product comprising an odor control material having a longitudinal direction, a transverse direction and a thickness direction, the odor control material including a first carrier material wherein a plurality of odor control particles are bonded to at least one surface of the first carrier material by a binder substance wherein the first carrier material in an unexpanded condition has a plurality of transversal slits, and that the first carrier material in an expanded condition in the longitudinal direction has a plurality of openings, and that the first carrier material is fixed in the expanded condition in the hygienic product whereby the odor control material is in the form of a reticulated structure.1. Hygienic product comprising an odor control material having a longitudinal direction, a transverse direction and a thickness direction, said hygienic product comprising a liquid permeable topsheet, a liquid impermeable backsheet and an absorbent core enclosed between the top sheet and the back sheet, wherein: the odor control material is located between the topsheet and the absorbent core and comprises a first carrier material wherein a plurality of odor control particles consisting of activated carbon are bonded to at least one surface of the first carrier material by a binder substance, the first carrier material in an unexpanded condition has a plurality of transversal slits, and the first carrier material in an expanded condition in the longitudinal direction has a plurality of openings, and the first carrier material is fixed in the expanded condition in the hygienic product whereby the odor control material is in the form of a reticulated structure, wherein the hygienic product is an absorbent product, wherein the odor control material comprises a second carrier material laminated to the first carrier material in expanded condition so that the first carrier material is fixed to the second carrier material in expanded condition in the form of a reticulated structure with openings, wherein the second carrier material is a nonwoven material.","label":"Household","id":717} +{"sentence":"Electronic Device Module Comprising Heterogeneous Polyolefin Copolymer and Optionally SilaneAn electronic device module comprising: A. At least one electronic device, e.g., a solar cell, and B. A polymeric material in intimate contact with at least one surface of the electronic device, the polymeric material comprising (1) a polyolefin copolymer characterized as having has an average Mv and a valley temperature between the interpolymer and high crystalline fraction, Thc, such that the average Mv for a fraction above Thc from ATREF divided by average Mv of the whole polymer from ATREF (Mhc\/Mp) is less than about 1.95 and wherein the copolymer has a CDBI of less than 60%, (2) optionally, a vinyl silane, (3) optionally, free radical initiator or a photoinitiator in an amount of at least about 0.05 wt % based on the weight of the copolymer, and (4) optionally, a co-agent in an amount of at least about 0.05 wt % based upon the weight of the copolymer.1 . An electronic device module comprising: A. at least one electronic device, and B. a polymeric material in intimate contact with at least one surface of the electronic device, the polymeric material comprising (1) a polyolefin copolymer characterized as having has an average Mv and a valley temperature between the interpolymer and high crystalline fraction, Thc, such that the average Mv for a fraction above Thc from ATREF divided by average Mv of the whole polymer from ATREF (Mhc\/Mp) is less than about 1.95 and wherein the copolymer has a CDBI of less than 60%, (2) optionally, a vinyl silane, (3) optionally, free radical initiator or a photoinitiator in an amount of at least about 0.05 wt % based on the weight of the copolymer, and (4) optionally, a co-agent in an amount of at least about 0.05 wt % based upon the weight of the copolymer.","label":"HouseConst","id":718} +{"sentence":"Two stage activation of oligomerisation catalyst and oligomerisation of olefinic compounds in the presence of an oligomerisation catalyst so activatedThis invention relates to the oligomerisation of olefinic compounds in the presence of an oligomerisation catalyst activated in two stages by two catalyst activators According to the invention there is provided a process for activating an oligomerisation catalyst by contacting the catalyst with i) a first activator component selected from the group consisting of the aluminoxanes and a mixture of at least one aluminoxane and at least one organylaluminium compound, and ii) a second activator component which is an organylaluminium compound, the process being characterised therein that the oligomerisation catalyst is first contacted with one of the first activator component or second activator component, and the resulting mixture is thereafter contacted with the other of the first activator component or second activator component.1. A process for producing an oligomeric product by the oligomerisation of olefinic compound, comprising contacting any olefinic compound with an oligomerisation catalyst and a catalyst activator consisting essentially of: i) a first activator component selected from the group consisting of aluminoxane and a mixture of at least one aluminoxane and at least one trialkylaluminium compound; and ii) a second activator component which is a trialkylaluminium compound; wherein the oligomerisation catalyst is first contacted with one of the first activator component or second activator component of the catalyst activator, and the resulting mixture is thereafter contacted with the other of the first activator component or second activator component of the catalyst activator before the at least one olefinic compound is contacted with the oligomerisation catalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":719} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene composition and process for producing sameA polyethylene composition prepared by polymerizing ethylene and an optional olefin with ≧3 carbon atoms in the presence of a macromonomer, is provided. The macromonomer is a vinyl-terminated ethylene polymer prepared by polymerizing ethylene and an optional olefin with ≧3 carbon atoms, and the macromonomer has (A) Mn≧5,000, and Mw\/Mn=2-5. The polyethylene composition comprises (C) branched polyethylene prepared by copolymerizing ethylene, the macromonomer and an optional olefin with ≧3 carbon atoms, and the macromonomer. The polyethylene composition has (D) a density of 0.890-0.980 g\/cm3, (E) Mw=30,000-10,000,000, (F) Mw\/Mn=2-30, (G) a long chain branch frequency of 0.01-3 per 1,000 C atoms, and (H) a shrinking factor (g′ value) of 0.1-0.9 as measured by GPC\/intrinsic-viscosity. The polyethylene composition can be finely divided particles having (P) a powder bulk density of 0.15-0.50 g\/cm3.1. A polyethylene composition which is prepared by polymerizing ethylene and an optional olefin having at least three carbon atoms in the presence of a macromonomer, wherein the macromonomer is an ethylene polymer having a terminal vinyl group, prepared by polymerizing ethylene, or an ethylene copolymer having a terminal vinyl group, prepared by copolymerizing ethylene and an olefin having at least three carbon atoms, and the macromonomer is characterized by having: (A) a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least 10,000, and (B) a ratio (Mw\/Mn) of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn), in the range of 2 to 5; (Q) a frequency of long chain branches of smaller than 0.01 per 1,000 carbon atoms, and (R) a frequency of short chain branches of smaller than 0.01 per 1,000 carbon atoms; and the polyethylene composition is characterized by comprising: (C) based on the weight of the polyethylene composition, 1% to 99% by weight of branched polyethylene which is a copolymer derived from ethylene, the macromonomer and an optional olefin having at least three carbon atoms, and 1% to 99% by weight of the macromonomer, and the polyethylene composition is further characterized by having: (D) a density in the range of 0.890 g\/cm3to 0.980 g\/cm3, (E) a weight average molecular weight (Mw) in the range of 30,000 to 10,000,000, (F) a ratio (Mw\/Mn) of weight average molecular weight (Mw) to number average molecular weight (Mn), in the range of 2 to 30, (G) a frequency of long chain branches at least 0.01 but smaller than 0.1 per 1,000 carbon atoms, and (H) a shrinking factor (g′ value) as determined by a combination of gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and on-line intrinsic viscosity measurements, in the range of at least 0.1 but smaller than 0.9, and satisfying the following relationship (3): (M) MS190>22×MFR−0.88  (3) wherein MS190 is a melt strength (MS) (mN) as measured at a temperature of 190° C., and MFR is a melt flow rate (g\/10 min.) as measured under a load of 2.16 kg and at a temperature of 190° C., and further satisfying the following relationship (27): (M′) MS160>110−110×log(MFR)  (27) wherein MS160 is a melt strength (MS) (mN) as measured at a temperature of 160° C., and MFR is a melt flow rate (g\/10 min.) as measured under a load of 2.16 kg and at a temperature of 190° C.","label":"Construct","id":720} +{"sentence":"Method for producing modified conjugated diene polymer, modified conjugated diene polymer, and rubber compositionA method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer includes a modification step (A) that subjects a conjugated diene polymer having a cis-1,4-bond content of 98.5% or more and possessing an active end to a modification reaction to introduce an alkoxysilane compound having two or more reactive groups including an alkoxysilyl group into the active end of the conjugated diene polymer, and a condensation step (B) that subjects the residue of the alkoxysilane compound introduced into the active end to a condensation reaction in the presence of a condensation catalyst that includes at least one element among the elements of the groups 4A, 2B, 3B, 4B, and 5B in the periodic table. The method can produce a modified conjugated diene polymer that exhibits low heat build-up and excellent wear resistance.1. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising (A) subjecting a conjugated diene polymer having a cis-1,4-bond content of 98.5% or more and possessing an active end to a modification reaction to introduce an alkoxysilane compound having two or more reactive groups including an alkoxysilyl group into the active end of the conjugated diene polymer, and (B) subjecting the residue of the alkoxysilane compound introduced into the active end to a condensation reaction in the presence of a condensation catalyst that includes at least one element selected from the elements of the groups 4A, 2B, 3B, 4B, and 5B of the periodic table, wherein the conjugated diene polymer has been polymerized in the presence of a catalyst composition that includes a mixture of components (a) to (c) as the main component, where component (a) is a lanthanoid-containing compound that contains at least one lanthanoid element or a reaction product obtained by reacting the lanthanoid-containing compound with a Lewis base, component (b) is at least one compound selected from an aluminoxane and an organoaluminum compound shown by the general formula (1): AlR1R2R3(1) in which R1and R2individually represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and R3represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms that is the same as or differs from R1and R2, and component (c) is an iodine-containing compound that contains at least one iodine atom in the molecular structure selected from a silicon iodide compound, a hydrocarbon iodide compound, and iodine.","label":"Automobile","id":721} +{"sentence":"ETHYLENIC POLYMER AND ITS USENew ethylene polymers having low levels of long chain branching are disclosed. Films and film layers made form these polymers have good hot tack strength over a wide range of temperatures, making them good materials for packaging applications.1 . An ethylenic polymer having: an overall polymer density of not more than 0.905 g\/cm3; a GI200 gel rating of not more than 15; 110\/12 (measured at 190° C.) from about 5.8 to about 6.5, preferably from about 5.9 to about 6.5; a zero shear viscosity (ZSV) ratio of from about 1.3 to about 2.3, preferably from about 1.4 to about 2.2, most preferably from about 1.5 to about 2.1; and Mw\/Mn of from about 2.0 to about 2.4, preferably from about 2.1 to about 2.3; and a g′(HMW)\/g′(LMW) of greater than 0.95.","label":"HouseConst","id":722} +{"sentence":"Apparatus for cleaning of gasIn an apparatus for cleaning of gases a centrifugal rotor is supported by two bearings, in which it is rotatable about a rotational axis. The two bearings are lubricated by means of an oil mist, which is generated in a space, when oil is sprayed against a turbine wheel supported by the rotor. Whereas the bearing, which is situated nearest said space, is lubricated by oil mist present in the space, the second bearing is lubricated by oil mist being conducted to it through a central channel in the centrifugal rotor.1. An apparatus for cleaning of a gas from particles suspended therein comprising: a centrifugal rotor for rotation of the gas, which centrifugal rotor is rotatable about a rotational axis in two bearings arranged axially spaced from each other and arranged to be charged with lubricant during operation of the centrifugal rotor, the centrifugal rotor surrounds a channel, which extends axially through the rotor and through which a mist of said lubricant is movable from a space near the centrifugal rotor into contact with one of said bearings; and wherein the centrifugal rotor has a rotatable central shaft, which is rotatable with the rotor.","label":"HouseConst","id":723} +{"sentence":"Vinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding, vinyl chloride resin molded product, and laminateProvided is a vinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding that can provide a molded product having superior flexibility at low temperatures. The vinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding includes (a) vinyl chloride resin particles, (b) a plasticizer, and (c) vinyl chloride resin fine particles having an average degree of polymerization of at least 1,000 and no greater than 5,000.1. A vinyl chloride resin composition for powder molding comprising: (a) vinyl chloride resin particles having an average particle diameter of at least 50 μm and no greater than 500 μm; (b) a plasticizer; (c) vinyl chloride resin fine particles having an average degree of polymerization of at least 1,000 and no greater than 5,000 and an average particle diameter of at least 0.1 μm and no greater than 10 μm; and (d) vinyl chloride resin fine particles having an average degree of polymerization of less than 1,000 and an average particle diameter of at least 0.1 μm and no greater than 10 μm, wherein an amount of (b) the plasticizer per 100 parts by mass in total of (a) the vinyl chloride resin particles, (c) the vinyl chloride resin fine particles, and (d) the vinyl chloride resin fine particles is at least 70 parts by mass and no greater than 200 parts by mass.","label":"HouseConst","id":724} +{"sentence":"Process for superabsorbent polymer and crosslinker compositionThe present invention further relates to a process to make a superabsorbent polymer comprising the steps of a) preparing a neutralized monomer solution comprising a polymerizable monomer selected from unsaturated acid groups-containing monomers, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, salts, or derivatives thereof and a caustic agent selection from an alkali agent, wherein the polymerizable monomer is neutralized to from about 50 mol % to about 85 mol %; b) forming a crosslinker monomer mixture by adding an internal crosslinker composition to the neutralized monomer solution wherein the internal crosslinking composition is the reaction product of a stoichiometric excess of amine with a glycidyl compound, wherein the internal crosslinker composition has a residual amount of glycidyl compounds of less than about 500 ppm based on the mass of the internal crosslinker composition; and c) polymerizing the crosslinker monomer mixture to make a superabsorbent polymer.1. A process to make a crosslinking composition comprising the steps of a) preparing a crosslinker monomer mixture by reacting amines and glycidyl compounds selected from, (i) saturated amines and\/or saturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds, or (ii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with saturated glycidyl compounds and\/or saturated polyglycidyl compounds, or (iii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl compounds and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds; wherein the amount of the amines and glycidyl compounds includes a stoichiometric excess of amines\/unreacted amino functions wherein the amount of the glycidyl groups is from 75% to 98% of the molar amount of the NH-functions, and the internal crosslinker composition has a residual amount of glycidyl compounds of less than about 500 ppm based on the mass of the internal crosslinker composition as determined by the Glycidyl Compound in Amine-Glycidyl Compound Reaction Products Test set forth herein.","label":"Household","id":725} +{"sentence":"CATALYST FOR PREPARING ACROLEIN OR ACRYLIC ACID BY DEHYDRATION REACTION OF GLYCERIN AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING THE SAMECatalyst used in a process for preparing acrolein and acrylic acid at higher yield to convert glycerin to valuable other chemical raw materials. The glycerin dehydration catalyst consists mainly of a compound containing at least one element selected from Mo, W and V, in which protons in the heteropolyacid are exchanged at least partially with at least one cation selected from elements belonging to Group 1 to Group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements.1 . Dehydration catalyst for producing acrolein and acrylic acid by catalytic dehydration reaction of glycerin, comprising mainly a compound in which protons in a heteropolyacid are exchanged at least partially with at least one cation selected from elements belonging to Group 1 to Group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":726} +{"sentence":"Monomeric plasticizers for halogen-containing resinsA composition having utility as a plasticizer for halogen-containing resins is a mixture of (a) at least two diesters of terephthalic acid or (b) at least two triesters of trimellitic acid. The diesters of terephthalic acid are represented by the general formula wherein R1is a phenyl radical or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the formula CnHm,wherein n is an integer of 1 through 8 inclusive and m is equal to 2n+1; R2is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon having one, two, three or four carbon atoms; x is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive; y is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive. The trialkyl esters of trimellitic acid are represented by the general formula wherein R1is a phenyl radical or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the formula CnHmwherein n is an integer of 1 through 8 inclusive and m is equal to 2n+1; R2is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having one, two, three or four carbon atoms; a is 2, 3 or 4; b is 2, 3 or 4; and c is 2, 3 or 4. The composition provides a unique combination of properties which includes high plasticizing efficiency, low volatility, good low temperature properties and resistance to hexane extraction.1. A halogen-containing resin composition which comprises (a) a halogen-containing resin and (b) a plasticizing amount of a mixture of at least two diesters of terephthalic acid, said diesters being of the general formula wherein R1is an aphenyl radical or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the formula CnHm,wherein n is an integer of 1 through 8 inclusive and m is equal to 2n+1; R2is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having one, two, three or four carbon atoms; x is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive; and y is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive.","label":"HouseConst","id":727} +{"sentence":"Energy conservation in heavy-hydrocarbon distillationAn aromatics complex producing one or more xylene isomers offers a large number of opportunities to conserve energy by heat exchange within the complex. One previously unrecognized opportunity is through providing two parallel distillation columns operating at different pressures to separate C8 aromatics from C9+ aromatics. The parallel columns offer additional opportunities to conserve energy within the complex.1. A distillation apparatus comprising two distillation columns for separating C8-aromatic components from C9-and-heavier aromatic components comprising: (a) a first distillation column and a reboiler, the first distillation column at a first pressure and having an inlet and having a bottom portion in fluid communication with the reboiler; a reformate splitter providing a higher boiling feed stream to the inlet of the first distillation column; (b) a second distillation column and an isomerization reactor, the second distillation column operating at a second pressure higher than the first pressure and having an inlet and having a top portion in fluid communication with an overhead conduit; the isomerization reactor providing at least one lower-boiling feed stream to the inlet of the second distillation column so that the higher-boiling feed stream has a higher content of C9-and-heavier aromatics than the at least one lower-boiling feed stream; and (c) the overhead conduit from the second distillation column providing fluid communication to the reboiler of the first distillation column, wherein the reboiler of the first distillation column has an enhanced nucleate boiling surface.","label":"Process","id":728} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing polymer polyolsThe invention relates to a process for the batch or semi-batch preparation of a polymer polyol, which process involves (1) preparing a seed by polymerizing in a base polyol at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and macromer, and in the presence of from 0.5 to 50% wt of polymer polyol heel, based on amount of polymer present in the heel compared with total amount of polymer formed, (2) adding additional ethylenically unsaturated monomer to the seed obtained in step (1) and optionally additional polyol, and (3) polymerizing the mixture obtained in step (2).1. A process for the batch or semi-batch preparation of a polymer polyol, which process comprises: (1) preparing a seed by polymerizing in a base polyol at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator and macromer, and in the presence of from 0.5 to 50% wt of polymer polyol heel, based on amount of polymer present in the heel compared with total amount of polymer formed; (2) adding additional ethylenically unsaturated monomer to the seed obtained in step (1) and optionally additional polyol; and, (3) polymerizing the mixture obtained in step (2) wherein the polymer polyol is formed in a batch or semi-batch process.","label":"Household","id":729} +{"sentence":"Preparation of vulcanizable compositions by extruder mixingCross-linkable polymers are prepared by the introduction of the cross-linking agent to the main body of the polymer to be cross-linked in an extruder. This method reduces the \"heat history\" of the cross-linkable polymer and allows greater pre-extruder processing flexibility. Thus, mixing times can be reduced and the shelf life of the pre-extruded polymeric composition can be extended. After extrusion, the product may be cross-linked by heating.1. A process for the production of a vulcanizable mixture of a crystalline polymer and a cross-linking agent comprising (a) feeding (i) a first composition consisting essentially of a crystalline polymer; and (ii) a second composition comprising an admixture of an amorphous elastomeric polymer and a cross-linking agent, said compositions being mutually miscible, into a pumping screw extruder, said first composition (i) and second composition (ii) both comprising free-flowing particles of less than 1 inch in size and of Mooney viscosities at 121° C. in the range of 3 to 75 Mooney points after 4 minutes; and (b) extruding said first and second compositions in admixture in said pumping screw extruder, such that when the admixture is tested in a Brabender mixing bowl apparatus conditioned to 100° C. and operated with the mixing blades rotating at 40 rpm, the recorded energy required to perform the mixing is in the range of 700 to 3500 meter-grams.","label":"HouseConst","id":730} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with imine compounds containing a cyano groupA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer to form a reactive polymer, and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with an imine compound containing a cyano group.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer to form a reactive polymer, and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with an imine compound containing a cyano group wherein the imine compound containing a cyano group is defined by the formula I: where R1is a hydrocarbyl group devoid of heteroatoms, R2is a bond or a divalent organic group, and R3is a hydrocarbyl group devoid of heteroatoms.","label":"Automobile","id":731} +{"sentence":"OPEN-CELLED FOAM WITH SUPERABSORBENT MATERIAL AND PROCESS FOR MAKING THE SAMEThe present invention relates to an open-celled foam comprising: (a) an aqueous-based polymer dispersion, said polymer dispersion comprising a polyethylene copolymer and an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer; and (b) from about 5% to about 15% of a foaming composition, said foaming composition comprising at least a foaming agent and a stabilizing agent; further comprising a particulate superabsorbent polymer material within the voids and pores of said open-celled foam and the method of making the same.1 . An open-celled foam comprising: (a) an aqueous-based polymer dispersion, said polymer dispersion comprising a polyethylene copolymer and an ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer; and (b) from about 5% to about 15% of a foaming composition, said foaming composition comprising at least a foaming agent and a stabilizing agent; further comprising a particulate superabsorbent polymer material within the voids and pores of said open-celled foam.","label":"Household","id":732} +{"sentence":"Modified diene elastomer, synthesis method for same, and rubber composition comprising modified diene elastomerA modified diene elastomer comprises: at least 55% by weight of entity coupled by a functional group bearing a function of formula —SiOR, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, and optionally bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, from 5% by weight to 30% by weight of star-branched entity having three elastomeric branches connected to one and the same silicon atom belonging to a functional group bearing or not bearing a function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, less than or equal to 15% by weight of entity functionalized at the chain end by a functional group bearing a function —Si(OR)2, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical, and optionally bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, and a content of less than or equal to 15% by weight of non-functional diene elastomer.1. A modified diene elastomer, comprising: at least 55% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the modified diene elastomer, of diene elastomer (a) coupled by a functional group bearing a function of formula —SiOR, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, the functional group bearing a function of formula —SiOR being bonded to two branches of the diene elastomer (a) via the silicon atom, of from 5% by weight to 30% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the modified diene elastomer, of star-branched diene elastomer (b) having three elastomeric branches connected to one and the same silicon atom belonging to a functional group bearing a function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, of a content of less than or equal to 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the modified diene elastomer, of diene elastomer (c) functionalized at the chain end by a functional group bearing a function —Si(OR)2, in which R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and bearing another function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, the functional group bearing a function —Si(OR)2 being bonded to the diene elastomer via the silicon atom, and of a content of less than or equal to 15% by weight, with respect to the total weight of the modified diene elastomer, of non-functional diene elastomer (d).","label":"Automobile","id":733} +{"sentence":"Thermal Management Within an LED AssemblyThis invention is directed to a method for applying a thermal management composition between an LED mounted circuit board and a heat sink, comprising the steps of; (a) applying a deposit of a thermal management composition onto either a second surface of the LED mounted circuit board or onto a surface of a heat sink, through a deposition tool the deposition tool having at least one aperture ( 401 ) where the at least one aperture has a perimeter surrounded by sidewalls, where the sidewalls have heights, where the heights are reduced around at least a portion ( 402 ) of the perimeter of the apertures on the deposition tool as compared to the average height of the deposition tool and (b) securing the LED mounted circuit board and the heat sink.1 . A method for applying a thermal management composition between an LED mounted circuit board and a heat sink, where the LED mounted circuit board comprises a substrate having a first surface with at least one LED mounted thereto and a second surface opposite the first surface, the method comprising the steps of; (a) applying a deposit of a thermal management composition onto either the second surface of the LED mounted circuit board or onto a surface of the heat sink, through a deposition tool having at least one aperture, where the at least one aperture has a perimeter surrounded by sidewalls, where the sidewalls have heights, where the heights are reduced around at least a portion of the perimeter of the apertures on the deposition tool as compared to the average height of the deposition tool and (b) securing the LED mounted circuit board and the heat sink wherein the thermal management composition resides between the second surface of the LED mounted circuit board and the surface of the heat sink.","label":"HouseConst","id":734} +{"sentence":"Absorbent structures comprising coated super-absorbent polymer particlesThis invention is directed to super-absorbent material, which comprises a super absorbent polymer core that is coated with an organic, polar coating agent, and whereby the particulate super-absorbent material has a contact angle and a corresponding cos CAm (as defined herein), whereby the cos CAm is more than 0.3, and whereby, when said coating agent is in the form of particles, said coating agent particles have a (weight) mean particle size of from 0.001 to 1 micron. The material is useful for absorbent structures and absorbent articles (comprising such structures). The coated super-absorbent material is typically present in said absorbent structure at least at a concentration of 50% by weight of the structure, preferably even 80% or even 90%. The invention also provides a process for making the absorbent material.1. A particulate super-absorbent material comprising a particulate core of super-absorbent polymers, said particulate core coated with a coating agent consisting essentially of an organic coating compound having from 2 to 14 carbon atoms which has one or more polar groups, wherein the particulate super-absorbent material has a contact angle and a corresponding cos CAm, wherein the cos CAm is greater than 0.3 and wherein said coating agent is the form of particles, said particles having a mean particle size of from 0.001 to 1 micron.","label":"Household","id":735} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic resin compositions and molded products including the sameDisclosed is a thermoplastic resin composition including: (A) a polycarbonate resin; (B) an acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA) graft copolymer; (C) a random copolymer of an alkyl(meth)acrylate, an aromatic vinyl compound, and a vinyl cyanide compound; and (D) a copolymer of an aromatic methacrylate and a monofunctional unsaturated monomer.1. A thermoplastic resin composition, comprising: (A) about 40 to about 70% by weight of a polycarbonate resin; (B) about 20 to about 40% by weight of an acrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA) graft copolymer having a shell containing 50 to about 80% by weight styrene and about 20 to 50% by weight acrylonitrile based on the total weight of the shell; (C) about 9 to about 29% by weight of a random copolymer of an alkyl(meth)acrylate, an aromatic vinyl compound, and a vinyl cyanide compound; and (D) greater than or equal to about 0.1% by weight and less than or equal to about 5% by weight of a copolymer of an aromatic methacrylate and a monofunctional unsaturated monomer, each based on the total weight of the thermoplastic resin composition, wherein the amount of the alkyl(meth)acrylate compound in the random copolymer (C) of an alkyl(meth)acrylate, an aromatic vinyl compound, and a vinyl cyanide compound ranges from about 50% by weight to about 89% by weight based on the total weight of the random copolymer (C) of an alkyl(meth)acrylate, an aromatic vinyl compound, and a vinyl cyanide compound, wherein the copolymer (D) of an aromatic methacrylate and a monofunctional unsaturated monomer includes a copolymer of an aromatic methacrylate represented by Chemical Formula 1 and a monofunctional unsaturated monomer: wherein m is an integer of 0 to 10, Y is a single bond, —O—, or —S—, and Ar is phenyl, methyl phenyl, methyl ethyl phenyl, propyl phenyl, methoxy phenyl, cyclohexyl phenyl, chloro phenyl, bromo phenyl, phenyl phenyl, or benzyl phenyl, with the proviso that when m is 0 or 1 then Y is a single bond wherein the monofunctional unsaturated monomer in the copolymer (D) comprises a (meth)acrylic acid ester, and wherein the copolymer (D) of an aromatic methacrylate represented by Chemical Formula 1 and the monofunctional unsaturated monomer has a weight average molecular weight of about 8,000 g\/mol to about 15,000 g\/mol.","label":"Automobile","id":736} +{"sentence":"Method for the continuous preparation of a catalytic system that is used to polymerize a conjugated diene and installation for implementing sameThe present invention relates to a process for the continuous preparation of a catalytic system that can be used for the polymerization of at least one conjugated diene monomer, said catalytic system being based on at least: a preforming conjugated diene; an organic phosphoric acid salt of one or more rare-earth metal(s), said salt being in suspension in at least one saturated aliphatic or alicyclic and inert hydrocarbon-based solvent; an alkylating agent comprising an alkylaluminium having the formula AlR3 or HAlR2; and a halogen donor comprising an alkylaluminium halide; characterized in that it comprises successively in one line (L): (i) a reaction between the preforming conjugated diene, with the solution of the salt of rare-earth element(s) and the alkylating agent, with the alkylation reaction being carried out for a characteristic minimum period of at least 5 minutes in an alkylation reactor ( 30 ) composed of at least one well-mixed dynamic mixer; (ii) the addition of said halogen donor to the mixture obtained in (i), in order to produce a reaction for the halogenation-ageing of the preformed catalytic system and to continuously produce said preformed catalytic system at the outlet of said line (L).1. A process for continuous preparation of a catalytic system that can be used for polymerization of at least one conjugated diene monomer, said catalytic system being based on at least: a preforming conjugated diene; an organic phosphoric acid salt of one or more rare-earth element(s), said salt being in solution in at least one saturated aliphatic or alicyclic and inert hydrocarbon-based solvent; an alkylating agent comprising an alkylaluminium having the formula AlR3 or HAlR2, in which R represents an alkyl radical, and H represents a hydrogen atom; and a halogen donor comprising an alkylaluminium halide; which comprises successively in one line: (i) an alkylation reaction between the preforming conjugated diene, with a solution of the salt of rare-earth element(s) and the alkylating agent, the alkylation reaction being carried out for a period of at least 5 minutes in an alkylation reactor composed of at least one well-mixed dynamic mixer; and (ii) addition of said halogen donor to the mixture obtained in (i) that has been removed from the alkylation reactor, and introduction of the mixture obtained in (i) to a continuous halogenation-ageing reactor, to produce a reaction for halogenation-ageing of the preformed catalytic system and to continuously produce said preformed catalytic system at an outlet of said line.","label":"Automobile","id":737} +{"sentence":"INSULATING COMPOSITE MATERIALS COMPRISING AN INORGANIC AEROGEL AND A MELAMINE FOAMThe invention relates to insulating composite materials comprising an inorganic aerogel and a melamine foam. The invention also relates to the production method of said materials, and to the use of same.2 . Material according to claim 1 , produced by a process comprising the following successive steps: a) casting an inorganic sol in a reactor in which was previously placed a preformed open-cell melamine foam, b) gelation of the sol into a lyogel, c) drying the lyogel.","label":"IndustConst","id":738} +{"sentence":"Closable device for holding objects in a vehicleA closable device for holding objects in a vehicle, encompassing a base body and a cover, is provided. The base body exhibits an opening that can be closed by the cover, and the cover can be swiveled around a first hinge from a first position into a second position and vice versa. The cover can be swiveled around a second hinge from the first position into a third position and vice versa. The base body encompasses at least one first bearing for the first hinge, and at least one second bearing for the second hinge. The first hinge and the second hinge each exhibit at least one first hinge section and at least one second hinge section, and a cross sectional area of the first hinge section is respectively larger than a cross sectional area of the second hinge section.1. A vehicle, comprising: a closable device for holding objects, the closable device including: a cover movable around a first hinge between a first position and a second position and movable around a second hinge between the first position and a third position, and the first hinge and second hinge are parallel to each other; a base body having an opening closeable by the cover, the base body including a first bearing for the first hinge, and a second bearing for the second hinge, wherein the first hinge and second hinge each include a first hinge section and a second hinge section, and a cross sectional area of the first hinge section is different than a cross sectional area of the second hinge section; and a third hinge and a fourth hinge, wherein the base body includes a bearing for each of the third hinge and the fourth hinge, the first hinge and the third hinge define a first swiveling axis of the cover and the second hinge and the fourth hinge define a second swiveling axis of the cover, with the first hinge, the second hinge, the third hinge and the fourth hinge held by the respective bearings of the base body. a third hinge and a fourth hinge, wherein the base body includes a bearing for each of the third hinge and the fourth hinge, the first hinge and the third hinge define a first swiveling axis of the cover and the second hinge and the fourth hinge define a second swiveling axis of the cover, with the first hinge, the second hinge, the third hinge and the fourth hinge held by the respective bearings of the base body.","label":"Household","id":739} +{"sentence":"Process for the Oxidative Dehydrogenation of N-Butenes to ButadieneThe invention relates to a process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene, which comprises at least two production steps (i) and at least one regeneration step (ii), in which (i) in one production step, a starting gas mixture comprising n-butenes is mixed with an oxygen-comprising gas and brought into contact with a multimetal oxide catalyst which comprises at least molybdenum and a further metal and is arranged in a fixed catalyst bed in a fixed-bed reactor, and (ii) in a regeneration step, the multimetal oxide catalyst is regenerated by passing an oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture over the fixed catalyst bed and burning off the carbon deposited on the catalyst, where a regeneration step (ii) is carried out between two production steps (i), wherein the at least two production steps (i) are carried out at a temperature of at least 350° C. and the at least one regeneration step (ii) is carried out at a temperature which is not more than 50° C. above the temperature at which the preceding production step (i) was carried out.1 . A process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to butadiene, which comprises at least two production steps (i) and at least one regeneration step (ii), in which (i) in one production step, a starting gas mixture comprising n-butenes is mixed with an oxygen-comprising gas and brought into contact with a multimetal oxide catalyst which comprises at least molybdenum and a further metal and is arranged in a fixed catalyst bed in a fixed-bed reactor, and (ii) in a regeneration step, the multimetal oxide catalyst is regenerated by passing an oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture over the fixed catalyst bed and burning off the carbon deposited on the catalyst, where a regeneration step (ii) is carried out between two production steps (i), wherein the at least two production steps (i) are carried out at a temperature of at least 350° C. and the at least one regeneration step (ii) is carried out at a temperature which is not more than 50° C. above the temperature at which the preceding production step (i) was carried out.","label":"Process","id":740} +{"sentence":"Process for forming a polyvinyl chloride extender resin by incorporating in the suspension polymerization medium a prehomogenized solution of a polyallyl compound and a low molecular polymer of propyleneA polyvinyl chloride extender resin having an average particle size of between about 5 microns and about 50 microns can be formed by using conventional suspension polymerization procedures if a prehomogenized solution comprising an effective amount of polyallyl compound and a low molecular weight propylene polymer are incorporated in the suspension polymerization medium to control the rheological properties of the resin.1. A process for forming a polyvinyl chloride extender resin by suspension polymerization of a monomer charge containing vinyl chloride which comprises incorporating in the suspension polymerization medium an effective amount of (1) a pre-homogenized solution of a polyallyl compound selected from the group consisting of diallyl phthalate, diallyl ether, diallyl sulfide, diallyl oxalate, diallyl adipate, diallyl maleate, diallyl fumarate, triallyl cyanurate and triallyl phosphate and (2) of a low molecular weight polymer of propylene for controlling the rheological properties of the polyvinyl chloride resin.","label":"HouseConst","id":741} +{"sentence":"Thermoforming, scratch-resistant, low gloss compositions comprising interpolymers of ethylene\/α-olefinsThis invention relates to polymer compositions comprising at least one ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer and a branched and\/or high melt strength polypropylene, methods of making the polymer compositions, and molded, overmolded, extruded into profiles or thermoformed products made from the polymer compositions. The polymer compositions may have reduced post-thermoformed sheet and post extruded (profile) gloss properties and\/or improved scratch-resistant properties.1. A crosslink-free thermoformed article comprising: a sheet composed of a polymer composition comprising components (i)-(iii): (i) at least one ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is a block interpolymer and is characterized by (a) has a Mw\/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship: Tm≧−2002.9+4538.5(d)−2422.2(d)2; or (ii) from 20 wt % to 75 wt % of a polypropylene having a tan delta value at 0.1 radians per second of less than 2.5; (iii) from 0.1 wt % to 1.0 wt % of an ultra-high molecular weight polydialkylsiloxane having a C1-4 alkyl group; and the thermoformed article is crosslink-free and has a thermoformed surface having a 60° gloss less than 9.0%.","label":"HouseConst","id":742} +{"sentence":"Method for recovering acrylic acidAn improved method which enables stable and effective recovery of acrylic acid over a prolonged period is provided, said method comprising contacting an acrylic acid-containing gas obtained upon gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene and\/or acrolein, with water, whereby collecting the acrylic acid in form of an aqueous solution, introducing said aqueous solution into an azeotropic separation column and distilling it in the presence of an azeotropic solvent to isolate and recover the acrylic acid, in which polymerization of the acrylic acid in the azeotropic separation column is prevented. Said method is characterized by using as the azeotropic solvent either a mixed solvent composed of solvent A (eg., ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, etc.) and solvent B (eg., toluene, heptane, etc.) (first embodiment) or the solvent A alone (second embodiment).1. A method for recovering acrylic acid which comprises contacting an acrylic acid-containing gas, which is obtained upon gas-phase catalytic oxidation of propylene and\/or acrolein, with water, whereby collecting the acrylic acid in form of an aqueous solution, and introducing said aqueous acrylic acid solution into an azeotropic separation column and distilling the same in the presence of an azeotropic solvent, whereby isolating and recovering acrylic acid, wherein said azeotropic solvent comprises a mixed solvent blend containing; at least one solvent A selected from the group consisting of ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acrylate, allyl acetate, isopropenyl acetate, vinyl propionate and methyl crotonate; and at least one solvent B selected from the group consisting of toluene, heptane, 1-heptene, methylcyclohexane, cycloheptene, cycloheptadiene, cycloheptatriene, 2,4-dimethyl-1,3-pentadiene, methylcyclohexene and methylenecyclohexane is used as the azeotropic solvent.","label":"Process","id":743} +{"sentence":"Waste heat recovery method and apparatusAn apparatus and method are disclosed for the recovery of sensible heat from a hot tar-free gas produced in a coal gasification process and in combined-cycle power generation. The recovered heat is utilized to generate a flow of superheated steam which may be used in the gasification plant. The apparatus includes a first boiler and a superheater fabricated from materials susceptible to damage from thermal shock when a flow of the tar-free gas having a temperature in excess of a predetermined safety temperature is introduced to the superheater when it is dry. The first boiler, filled with a flow of saturated water, initially receives the flow of gas. Within the first boiler, the gas indirectly heats the water converting it to a flow of saturated steam and reducing the gas temperature below the safety temperature. The reduced temperature gas is passed to the superheater and the saturated steam is passed to the superheater. The gas heats the saturated steam in the superheater to convert it to superheated steam and the temperature of the gas is further reduced. The gas flows to a second boiler for converting a flow of saturated water to saturated steam and further reducing the gas temperature. The saturated steam from the second boiler is passed to the superheater and the gas flows to an economizer for converting a flow of unsaturated water to saturated water for the boilers and reducing the temperature of the gas to a final temperature.1. A method for the recovery of heat from a flow of a gas in a first boiler and a superheater with said gas flow initially having a temperature in excess of a predetermined safety temperature at which said superheater is susceptible to damage from thermal shock when contacted by the gas at a time when said superheater is dry; the method comprising the steps of: (a) admitting a flow of water to said first boiler; (b) admitting said flow of gas to said first boiler; (c) heating said flow of water with said gas flow within said first boiler at a rate sufficient to convert said flow of water to a flow of saturated steam and reduce the temperature of said gas flow to a secondary temperature less than said safety temperature and above a temperature necessary to convert a flow of saturated steam to a flow of superheated steam within said superheater; (d) passing said secondary temperature gas flow from said first boiler to said superheater; (e) passing said flow of saturated steam from said first boiler to said superheater; (f) heating said flow of saturated steam with said gas flow within said superheater at a rate sufficient to convert said flow of saturated steam to a flow of superheated steam and reduce the temperature of said gas flow to a tertiary temperature; (g) discharging said gas flow from said superheater; and (h) discharging said flow of superheated steam from said superheater whereby the sensible heat of the gas flow is recovered to generate a flow of superheated steam and the superheater is protected from damage by the temperature of said gas flow being reduced below said safety temperature prior to being passed to said superheater at times when said superheater is dry.","label":"Process","id":744} +{"sentence":"Activator system for metallocene compoundsAluminoxanes having C2-C10alkyl groups can conveniently be used in supported olefin polymerization catalyst compositions prepared by contacting a support comprising a solid compound which is one of pure aluminium oxide, a mixed aluminium oxide, an aluminium salt, a magnesium halide, or a C1-C8alkoxy magnesium halide, in any order with at least a) an organometallic compound, b) a metallocene, and c) an aluminoxane, and recovering said supported olefin polymerization catalyst composition.1. A process for the preparation of a supported olefin polymerization catalyst composition, comprising a support, an organomettalic compound, a metallocene, and an aluminoxane comprising contacting a support comprising a solid compound which is one of pure aluminium oxide, a mixed aluminium oxide, an aluminum salt, a magnesium halide, or a C1-C8alkoxy magnesium halide, in any order with at least a) an organometallic compound of the general formula (1): [Equation] R1MXv-1 wherein each R is the same or different and is a C1-C10alkyl group; M is a metal of Group 1, 2, 12 or 13 of the Periodic Table; each X is the same or different and one of a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom, a hydroxyl radical or a C1-C8hydrocarbyloxy group; 1 is 1, 2, or 3; v is the oxidation number of the metal M, b) a metallocene of the general formula (2): [Equation] (CpY)mM'sX'snZo wherein each CpY is the same or different and is one of a mono- or polysubstituted, fused or non-fused, homo- or heterocyclic cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, tetrahydroindenyl, fluorenyl, or octahydrofluorenyl ligand, wherein said ligand is substituted at its cyclopentadienyl ring with at least one substituent Y which is an --OR's radical, each R's being the same or different and being one of a, a tri-C1-C8hydrocarbylsilyl group or a tri-C1-C8hydrocarbyloxy silyl group; M's is a transition metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table and bound to the ligand CpY at least in an η5 bonding mode; each X; is the same or different and is one of a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C8 hydrobarbyl silyl group or two X's form a ring with each other; Z is a bridge atom or group between two CpY ligands or one CpY ligand and the transition metal M's; m is 1 or 2; o is 0 or 1; and n is 4-m if there is no bridge Z or Z is a bridge between two CpY ligands, or n is 4-m-o if Z is a bridge between on CpY ligand and the transition metal M's, and c) an aluminoxane of one of the following formulas (3): wherein each R" and each R's" is the same or different and is a C2-C10alkyl group; and p is an integer between 1 and 40, and recovering said supported olefin polymerization catalyst composition.","label":"Catalyst","id":745} +{"sentence":"Alkyl aromatic hydroalkylation for the production of plasticizersProvided are compounds of the following: wherein R1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and\/or an OXO-ester, and R2 is a C4 to C14 hydrocarbyl, preferably the residue of a C4 to C14 OXO-alcohol. Also provided are processes for making the compounds and plasticized polymer compositions containing said compounds.1. A polymer composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer and at least one plasticizer compound of the formula (A): wherein R1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon optionally substituted with an alkyl and\/or an OXO-ester, and R2 is a C4 to C14 hydrocarbyl, provided that when R1 is an unsubstituted unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon, R2 is a C4, C5, C6, or C9 to C14 hydrocarbyl.","label":"HouseConst","id":746} +{"sentence":"Plasticised polyvinyl chlorideEsters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids are used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride to enable products with comparable mechanical properties to be obtained using less polyvinyl chloride. Use of these esters also produces formulations with increased stability to ultra-violet light, improved low temperature properties, lower viscosity and improved processability as well as reduced smoke on burning. The esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may be used alone or in admixture with other plasticizers when the esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may act as viscosity depressants. Fast fusing plasticizers may also be included. The formulations are particularly useful in the production of a range of goods from semi-rigid to highly flexible materials and are particularly useful in the production of medical materials such as blood bags and tubing.1. A composition comprising the product of; (a) a polyvinyl chloride material; and (b) a blend comprising a cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester or a mixture of cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid esters and at least one other plasticiser; wherein the composition comprises from 20 to 200 parts of the cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester and the at least one other plasticiser, per 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride material (parts being by weight); and wherein the blend comprises from 90 wt % to 10 wt % of the cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester or the mixture of cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid esters and from 10 wt % to 90 wt % of the at least one other plasticiser, based upon the total weight of the plasticiser present.","label":"HouseConst","id":747} +{"sentence":"Multilayer FilmThe present invention provides a film comprising a plurality of contiguous layers that are substantially parallel to each other wherein at least every other of the layers is made of polylactide. The present iridescent film may be used in flexible and rigid decorative packaging.1 . A film comprising a plurality of contiguous layers that are substantially parallel to each other wherein at least every other of said contiguous layers is made of polylactide and said contiguous layers that are adjacent to said polylactide layers have a refractive index differing from the refractive of said polylactide layers by at least about 0.03.","label":"Automobile","id":748} +{"sentence":"Metallocene compoundsA bridged metallocene compound of formula (I) wherein: M is an atom of a transition metal selected from those belonging to group 3, 4, or to the lanthanide or actinide groups in the Periodic Table of the Elements; X, equal to or different from each other, is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a R, OR, OSO2CF3, OCOR, SR, NR2 or PR2 group; L is a divalent bridging group; R1and R2, equal to each other, are C1-C40 hydrocarbon radical; R3 is hydrogen or a are C1-C40 hydrocarbon radical and W is an aromatic 5 or 6 membered ring.1. A bridged metallocene compound of formula (I): wherein: M is an atom of a transition metal selected from those belonging to group 3, 4, or to the lanthanide or actinide groups in the Periodic Table of the Elements; X, equal to or different from each other, is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a R, OR, OSO2CF3, OCOR, SR, NR2 or PR2 group wherein R is a linear or branched, cyclic or acyclic, C1-C40-alkyl, C2-C40 alkenyl, C2-C40 alkynyl, C6-C40-aryl, C7-C40-alkylaryl or C7-C40-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, or two X groups can be joined together to form a group OR′O wherein R′ is a C1-C20-alkylidene, C6-C20-arylidene, C7-C20-alkylarylidene, or C7-C20-arylalkylidene radical; L is a divalent bridging group selected from C1-C20 alkylidene, C3-C20 cycloalkylidene, C6-C20 arylidene, C7-C20 alkylarylidene, or a C7-C20 arylalkylidene radicals, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, or it is a silylidene radical containing up to 5 silicon atoms; R1, equal to each other, are C1-C40 hydrocarbon radical optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; R2, equal to or different from each other, are group C(R19)2R18wherein R19and R18are linear or branched, C1-C20-alkyl radicals; R3, equal to or different from each other, are hydrogen atoms or C1-C40 hydrocarbon radicals belonging to groups 13-17 of the periodic table of the elements; and W1and W2, equal or different from each other, are aromatic 5 or 6 membered rings that can contain heteroatoms belonging to groups 15-16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, the valence of each atom of said ring is substituted with hydrogen atom or it can optionally be substituted with R5groups, wherein R5, equal to or different from each other, are C1-C40 hydrocarbon radicals optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements.","label":"Construct","id":749} +{"sentence":"AN IMPROVED TEMPERATURE CONTROL SYSTEMTemperature control system and method A temperature control system ( 10 ) includes a compressor ( 1 ), a condenser ( 4 ), an expansion valve ( 5 ), and an evaporator ( 60 all connected in series. At least one heat exchanger ( 3 ) is located between the compressor and the condenser and operable to transfer heat energy from an external heat source to the refrigerant. In one variant, an array of heat exchangers is located between the compressor and the condenser. In a further variant ( 210, FIG. 3 ), there are one or more heat exchangers located between the compressor and the condenser and flow control means to direct the flow of refrigerant either through at least one heat exchanger or directly from the compressor to the condenser bypassing at least one of the heat exchangers. Methods of heating and cooling an environment using the system are also disclosed.1 . A temperature control system comprising: a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve and an evaporator all connected in series by a plurality of refrigerant pipes; wherein the system further comprises an array of heat exchangers located between the compressor and the condenser operable in use to transfer heat energy from one or more external heat sources to the refrigerant leaving the compressor and before it enters the condenser.","label":"Process","id":750} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing vulcanized rubber composition, vulcanized rubber composition and studless tire using sameAccording to the process for preparing a vulcanized rubber composition of the invention comprising (a) a step of preparing a master batch comprising a modified conjugated diene polymer and silica, (b) a step of preparing a master batch comprising an isoprene rubber and silica, (c) a step of kneading the master batch obtained in (a) and the master batch obtained in (b), and (d) a step of vulcanizing a kneaded product obtained in (c), wherein the obtained vulcanized rubber composition comprises a phase A comprising a modified conjugated diene polymer and a phase B comprising an isoprene rubber, which are incompatible with each other, an abundance ratio α of silica in the phase A satisfies 0.5≤α≤0.9 (Relation 1), and a proportion β of the modified conjugated diene polymer satisfies 0.4≤β≤0.8 (Relation 2) it is possible to improve performance on ice and abrasion resistance and to provide a vulcanized rubber composition having excellent performance on ice and abrasion resistance, and a studless tire with a tread made using the same.1. A vulcanized rubber composition comprising: a phase comprising a modified conjugated diene polymer and silica (phase A), and a phase comprising an isoprene rubber and silica (phase B), wherein a diene compound constructing said modified conjugated diene polymer is at least one selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, isoprene and 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, wherein an amount of 1,2-vinyl bond of the conjugated diene polymer is not more than 0.5% by mass, wherein said modified conjugated diene polymer is comprised as the only modified conjugated diene polymer, and is made from at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, and 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, wherein the phase A and the phase B are incompatible with each other, an abundance ratio a of silica in the phase A 100 to 500 hours after completion of a vulcanization step satisfies the following Relation 1, and a proportion β of said modified conjugated diene polymer satisfies the following Relation 2: 0.5≤α≤0.9  (Relation 1) 0.5≤β≤0.7  (Relation 2) wherein α=Amount of silica in phase A\/(Amount of silica in phase A+Amount of silica in phase B) and β=Mass of modified conjugated diene polymer in vulcanized rubber composition\/(Mass of modified conjugated diene polymer in vulcanized rubber composition+Mass of isoprene rubber in vulcanized rubber composition).","label":"Automobile","id":751} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic coated superabsorbent polymer compositionsThe invention relates to absorptive, crosslinked polymers which are based on partly neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomer carrying acid groups wherein the absorptive crosslinked polymer may be coated with a thermoplastic polymer, and have improved properties, in particular in respect of their capacity for transportation of liquids in the swollen state, and which has a high gel bed permeability and compatibility to affix to a thermoplastic material.1. A method to make a superabsorbent polymer composition comprising the steps of: a) preparing a superabsorbent polymer by the process of polymerizing from about 55 to about 99.9% by weight of polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer based on the superabsorbent polymer, and from about 0.001 to about 5% by weight of an internal crosslinking agent based on the polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer, and wherein the superabsorbent polymer has a degree of neutralization of greater than about 25%; b) preparing superabsorbent polymer particles from the superabsorbent polymer; c) treating the superabsorbent polymer particles with surface additives including: i) from about 0.001 to about 5% by weight of surface crosslinking agent based on the dry superabsorbent polymer composition; ii) from about 0.01 to about 10% by weight of a penetration modifier based on the dry superabsorbent polymer composition; iii) from about 0.01 to about 5% by weight of an insoluble, inorganic powder based on the dry superabsorbent polymer composition; and iv) from about 0.01 to 1% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer based on the dry superabsorbent polymer composition is applied on the particle surface, and wherein the thermoplastic polymer surface treated superabsorbent polymer particles are heat treated wherein the thermoplastic polymer of iv) is applied to the superabsorbent polymer particles prior to the heat treatment; and d) heat treating the coated superabsorbent polymer particle to form heat treated coated superabsorbent polymer particle; and e) treating the heat treated coated superabsorbent polymer particle with from about 0.01 to 5% by weight of a cationic polymer selected from poly(vinyl amines), poly(allylamines), poly(ethylene imine), poly(amino propanol vinyl ethers), poly(acrylamidopropyl trimethyl ammonium chloride), poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride), partially deacetylated chitin, chitosan, polyasparagins, polylysines, polyglutamines, polyarginines, including salts thereof; wherein the superabsorbent polymer composition has the characteristics of centrifuge retention capacity as measured by the Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test of at least about 23 g\/g; a free swell gel bed permeability as measured by the Free Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test of at least about 100 Darcy.","label":"Household","id":752} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymers with improved odor control capacity and process for the production thereofThe present invention relates to a water-absorbing polymer and to a process for preparation, including finishing the water-absorbing polymer, with 0.0001 to 3% by weight, of a peroxo compound, based on the acrylic acid, after the polymerization is treated, and to a process for producing a hydrogel polymer, to the product of the process and to use.1. A process for preparing water-absorbing polymers, comprising the process steps of (i) mixing (α1) 0.1 to 99.999% by weight of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers bearing acid groups, or salts of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers bearing acid groups, or polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising a protonated nitrogen, polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers comprising a quaternized nitrogen, or mixtures thereof; (α2) 0 to 69.999% by weight of polymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with (α1), (α3) 0.001 to 10% by weight of one or more crosslinkers, (α4) 0 to 30% by weight of water-soluble polymers, (α5) 0-90% by weight of water, and (α6) 0-20% by weight of one or more additives where the sum of the weights of (α1) to (α6) is 100% by weight, (ii) free-radical polymerization with crosslinking to form a water-insoluble, aqueous untreated hydrogel polymer, (iii) comminuting the hydrogel polymer, (iv) drying the hydrogel polymer, (v) grinding and sieving the hydrogel polymer to size, (vi) surface post-crosslinking the ground and sieved hydrogel polymer and (vii) finishing the water-absorbing polymer, wherein the water-absorbing polymer has been treated with 0.0001 to 3% by weight of a peroxo compound based on (α1), after the polymerization; and the peroxo compound is selected from the group consisting of alkali metal or alkaline earth metal peroxomonosulphate, peroxodisulphate, sulpho monoperacid and peroxomonosulphate triple salt.","label":"Household","id":753} +{"sentence":"Acrylic multistage graft copolymer products and processesA resilient, acrylic graft polymer is produced by multi-stage, sequential polymerization in which the first stage is elastomeric, the second stage is nonelastomeric, the third stage is elastomeric and the fourth, and final stage is nonelastomeric. Upon blending with a nonresilient methacrylic matrix resin, followed by molding, an impact resistant molded product is obtained which has low stress-whitening, generally does not show substantial crack propagation on impact and does not readily break on subjection to fold endurance tests.1. A resilient, acrylic, multi-stage, sequentially produced polymer characterized by (a) an elastomeric first stage comprising about 1-20% by weight of the polymer and having a glass transition temperature of between about -60° C. and 25° C., which is polymerized from a monomer mixture of 50 to 100 weight percent of at least one alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl group contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 0 to 50 weight percent of another copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable polyfunctional crosslinking monomer and 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable graftlinking monomer; (b) a nonelastomeric, relatively hard second stage comprising about 15-65% by weight of the polymer and having a glass transition temperature greater than 25° C., which is polymerized in the presence of the first stage product from a monomer mixture of 70 to 100 weight percent of at least one alkyl methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 0 to 30 weight percent of another copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable polyfunctional crosslinking monomer and 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable graftlinking monomer; (c) an elastomeric third stage, comprising about 30-75% by weight of the polymer and having a glass transition temperature of between about -60° and 25° C., which is polymerized in the presence of the first and second stage product from a monomer mixture of 50 to 100 weight percent of at least one alkyl acrylate wherein alkyl group contains 1 to 8 carbon atoms, 0 to 50 weight percent of another copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable polyfunctional crosslinking monomer and 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable graftlinking monomer; (d) a nonelastomeric, relatively hard fourth stage comprising about 5-40% by weight of the polymer and having glass transition temperature greater than 25° C. which is polymerized in the presence of the first, second and third stage product from a monomer mixture of 70 to 100 weight percent of at least one alkyl methacrylate wherein the alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms, 0 to 30 weight percent of another copolymerizable monoethylenically unsaturated monomer, 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable polyfunctional crosslinking monomer and 0 to 5 weight percent of a copolymerizable graftlinking monomer; said first and third stage combined comprising at least 40 percent by weight of the polymer.","label":"IndustConst","id":754} +{"sentence":"Preparation of trimethylolalkanes from alkanals and formaldehydeTrimethylolalkanes are prepared by reacting an n-alkanal with formaldehyde and a trialkylamine in aqueous solution and then hydrogenating the product, by a method in which from 2.2 to 4.5 moles of formaldehyde and from 0.6 to 3 moles of trialkylamine are used per mole of the alkanal, and the reaction mixture is worked up by distillation either before or after the hydrogenation.1. A process for the preparation of a trimethylolalkane which comprises: reacting an n-alkanal with formaldehyde and a trialkylamine in aqueous solution at a temperature of from 40° C. up to about 120° C., using from 2.2 to 4.5 moles of formaldehyde and from 0.6 to 3 moles of trialkylamine per mole of the alkanal, hydrogenating the resulting reaction mixture, and recovering the trimethylolalkane by distillation.","label":"Process","id":755} +{"sentence":"BIOFILM RESISTANT MATERIALSThis invention provides a biofilm resistant material comprising an active agent, which active agent consists essentially of an insoluble copper oxide at a concentration of between 3 and 10% w\/w of said biofilm resistant material and uses thereof.1 . A biofilm resistant material comprising an active agent, which active agent consists essentially of an insoluble copper oxide at a concentration of between 3 and 10% w\/w of said biofilm resistant material.","label":"Household","id":756} +{"sentence":"Succinate-containing polymerization catalyst system using n-butylmethyldimethoxysilane for preparation of polypropylene film grade resinsIt has been discovered that using n-butylmethyldimethoxysilane (BMDS) as an external electron donor for succinate-containing Ziegler-Natta catalysts can provide a catalyst system that may prepare polypropylene films with improved properties. The catalyst systems of the invention provide for controlled chain defects\/defect distribution and thus a regulated microtacticity along with broadened molecular weight distribution.1. A process for the polymerization or copolymerization of propylene monomer, comprising: (a) providing a succinate-containing Ziegler-Natta catalyst; (b) contacting the catalyst with an organoaluminum compound; (c) contacting the catalyst with at least one external electron donor comprising n-butylmethyldimethoxysilane (BMDS) simultaneously with or subsequent to (b); (d) introducing the catalyst into a polymerization reaction zone containing the organoaluminum compound, the electron donor and propylene monomer; and (e) removing polypropylene homopolymer or copolymer from the polymerization reaction zone, wherein the polypropylene exhibits a molecular weight distribution of from 8 to 15.","label":"HouseConst","id":757} +{"sentence":"Control of morphology of silica filmsA method of controlling the morphology of silica or silica-like films formed by coating a precursor formulation of hydrolysable silicate oligomer onto a substrate and curing in a vaporous environment that comprises a base, water and a retarder that retards the hydrolysis of the oligomer.1. A method of forming a silica film coated on a substrate including the steps of: producing a silica precursor solution by dissolving in a solvent a hydrolysable silicate oligomer of the form: where each X is independently selected from a hydrolysable or non-hydrolysable group with the proviso that at least three X must be hydrolysable groups and wherein n is an integer between 2 and 10 and wherein the hydrolysable silicate oligomer is not silicic acid tetramethyl ester homopolymer; forming a coating of the silica precursor solution on the substrate; and curing the coating of the silica precursor solution by hydrolysing and condensing the coating in a vaporous environment comprising a base, water and a retarder, said retarder retarding hydrolysis of the hydrolysable silicate oligomer to form a film, wherein the concentration of said retarder in the vaporous environment is selected to control the morphology of the film.","label":"IndustConst","id":758} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing a liquid-absorbing compositionMethod for the preparation of an absorbent composition intended particularly to the absorption of physiological liquids such as urine, secretions from wounds, blood, etc. The method comprises the preparation of a concentrated solution of mono- and\/or disaccharide in water, particularly saccharose. To said solution there is admixed a predetermined amount of superabsorbent up to obtaining a homogenous paste which is dried to an extent such that the water content is brought down to a value comprised between 2 and 15%. It is possible to introduce with the superabsorbent a portion of the oligosaccharide in the form of powder. The resultant mixture comprises less than 50% of superabsorbent and preferably between 1 and 30% in the case of a dressing.1. A process for the preparation of a composition which absorbs large quantities of liquids comprising the steps of (a) providing a concentrated solution of a saccharide in water; (b) adding a pre-determined quantity of a hydrophilic water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer to the solution of step (a); (c) kneading of the composition of step (b) to provide a homogeneous paste; and (d) drying the paste of step (c) to adjust the water content to a value ranging between about 2 and 15% water.","label":"Household","id":759} +{"sentence":"Catalyst compositions for producing polyolefins in the absence of cocatalystsThis invention relates to the field of olefin polymerization catalyst compositions, and methods for the polymerization and copolymerization of olefins, including polymerization methods using a supported catalyst composition. One aspect of this invention is the prepraration and use of a catalyst composition comprising a hydrocarbyl-substituted metallocene compound and a chemically-treated solid oxide for olefin polymerization processes. In another aspect, for example, this invention encompasses the preparation of a catalyst composition comprising (η5-cycloalkadienyl)2Zr(hydrocarbyl)2 complexes and sulfated alumina, but containing no organoaluminum or organoboron cocataysts, and further the use of this catalyst composition for polymerizing olefins.1. A catalyst composition comprising: the contact product of a metallocene compound and a chemically-treated solid oxide, wherein: the metallocene compound has the following formula: (X1)(X2)(X3)(X4)M1; wherein M1is selected from titanium, zirconium, hafnium, or vanadium; (X1) is selected from a cyclopentadienyl, an indenyl, a fluorenyl, a substituted cyclopentadienyl, a substituted indenyl, or a substituted fluorenyl; wherein each substituent on the substituted cyclopentadienyl, substituted indenyl, or substituted fluorenyl (X1) is independently selected from an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, an oxygen group, a sulfur group, a nitrogen group, a phosphorus group, an arsenic group, a carbon group, a silicon group, a germanium group, a tin group, a lead group, a boron group, an aluminum group, —SO2X, —OAlX2, —OSiX3, —OPX2, —SX, —OSO2X, —AsX2, —As(O)X2, or —PX2, wherein X is selected independently from halide, H, NH2, OR, or SR, wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, or a substituted derivative thereof, having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a halide; or hydrogen; and (X2),(X3), and (X4) are independently selected from a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; and the chemically-treated solid oxide comprises a solid oxide treated with an electron-withdrawing anion; wherein the solid oxide is selected from silica, alumina, silica-alumina, silica-zirconia, alumina-zirconia, aluminum phosphate, heteropolytungstates, titania, magnesia, boria, zinc oxide, mixed oxides thereof, or mixtures thereof; and the electron-withdrawing anion is selected from fluoride, chloride, bromide, phosphate, triflate, bisulfate, sulfate, or any combination thereof; wherein the catalyst composition is substantially free of an organoaluminum compound having the formula: Al(X5)n(X6)3−n wherein (X5) is a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; wherein (X6) is a halide, hydride, or alkoxide; and wherein n is a number from 1 to 3 inclusive; wherein the catalyst composition is substantially free of cocatalysts, organoboron compounds, and ionizing ionic compounds; and wherein the a polyolefin is produced upon contacting the catalyst composition with an olefin under polymerization conditions.","label":"Catalyst","id":760} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-Based Polymers and Articles Made TherefromEthylene-based copolymers having unusual viscosity performance are described, particularly ethylene-based polymers having about 80.0 to 99.0 wt. % of polymer units derived from ethylene and about 1.0 to about 20.0 wt. % of polymer units derived from one or more C3 to C20 α-olefin comonomers; the ethylene-based polymer having a local maximum loss angle at a complex modulus, G*, of 2.50×104to 1.00×106Pa and a local minimum loss angle at a complex modulus, G*, of 1.00×104to 3.00×104Pa. The invention also includes articles, such as films, produced from such polymers and methods of making such articles.1 . An ethylene-based polymer comprising about 80.0 to 99.0 wt. % of polymer units derived from ethylene and about 1.0 to about 20.0 wt. % of polymer units derived from one or more C3 to C20 α-olefin comonomers; the ethylene-based polymer having: a. a CDBI≧70.0%; b. a melt index, I2.16, of about 0.05 to about 0.50 g\/10 min.; c. a density of from about 0.925 to about 0.955 g\/cm3; and d. a MWD of about 2.5 to about 5.5.","label":"HouseConst","id":761} +{"sentence":"Adsorption separation cycleAn efficient fixed-bed vapor-phase adsorption cycle for bulk separations wherein the heat front generated by the exothermic heat of adsorption is maintained in the bed either in or behind the mass transfer zone, and is subsequently used in the desorption\/regeneration step. The cycle is especially useful in drying mixtures of water and compounds which form azeotropes with water as well as the azeotropes themselves, such as 190-proof ethanol.1. Adsorption separation process which comprises; (a) passing in the vapor phase a feedstock comprising at least 2.5 weight percent water in admixture with at least one organic molecular species into a fixed adsorption bed at a temperature and pressure which prevents the capillary condensation of said organic molecular species, said fixed adsorption bed containing an adsorbent mass consisting essentially of a crystalline zeolitic molecular sieve adsorbent, small enough to substantially exclude the said organic molecular species, moving the water adsorption mass transfer front and the coinciding or trailing heat front created in said fixed bed along said bed toward the effluent end thereof to a predetermined point short of breakthrough of either of said fronts, at least that portion of said molecular sieve adsorbent contacted by said water mass transfer front containing adsorbed thereon, prior to and at the time of contact of said front, at least about 2 weight percent water, said molecular sieve adsorbent having a capacity for the adsorption of water under the imposed operating conditions greater than the water loading thereon at the time of contact by the water mass-transfer front; (b) from the effluent end of said bed, recovering a product stream containing a lower concentration of water than the feedstock; (c) terminating the flow of feedstock into said bed prior to breakthrough of either of the heat front and the water mass transfer front, and prior to substantial loss of the heat energy from the bed, commencing the countercurrent passage through said bed of an essentially non-sorbable purge gas at a temperature within about 25° F. of the temperature of, and substantially at the same pressure as, the feedstock entering the bed during adsorption step (a), said temperature and pressure being sufficient to prevent capillary condensation of the said organic molecular species of said feedstock, whereby said heat front is moved back through said bed and utilized in desorbing water from the adsorbent mass; (d) continuing the countercurrent purging of said bed until the water loading on said adsorbate is essentially the same as at the beginning of adsorption step (a), and (e) repeating adsorption step (a).","label":"Process","id":762} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization catalyst on plasma-contacted supportA method for preparing an olefin polymerization catalyst is disclosed. An inorganic oxide is contacted with plasma and a transition metal compound is supported on the contacted inorganic oxide. The method is fast, convenient, and avoids many of the problems associated with known methods of supporting catalysts.1. A method which comprises preparing an olefin polymerization catalyst by contacting an inorganic oxide with plasma and supporting a Group 3 to 10 transition or lanthanide metal compound on the plasma-contacted inorganic oxide wherein the transition metal compound contains a polymerization-stable anionic ligand.","label":"Catalyst","id":763} +{"sentence":"Method for producing polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin powderFrom a view pint of decreasing an out of spec product after surface crosslinking, particularly, when an alkylene carbonate compound is used as a surface crosslinking agent, influence due to an air temperature is great, and it is necessary to reduce ethylene glycol which is produced as a byproduct. There is provided a process for producing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin powder, comprising storing a non-polymerized organic compound being a raw material (modified raw material) of a water absorbent resin powder in a heated state, thereafter, mixing the non-polymerized organic compound with other compound at a predetermined ratio and, further, mixing the mixture into a water absorbent resin powder.1. A method for producing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin powder, comprising melt-heating a non-polymerized organic compound, where said non-polymerized organic compound is a surface crosslinking agent, mixing the non-polymerized organic compound in a heated-melted state with one or more of other compounds at a predetermined ratio to obtain a mixture, and mixing the resulting mixture with a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin particle, wherein the polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin particle has a ratio of internal gas bubbles of 0.5 to 8.0%.","label":"Household","id":764} +{"sentence":"Hairspray compositions containing silicon block copolymersThe present invention relates to hairspray compositions comprising from about 50% to about 99.9% by weight of an alcohol solvent, and from about 0.1% to about 30% by weight of a silicone-containing adhesive block copolymer having a weight average molecular weight from about 10,000 grams\/mole to about 10,000,000 grams\/mole and which is formed from the free radical polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with select silicone macroinitiators, preferably silicone macroazoinitiators. The hairspray compositions, when dried, preferably have a cohesive strength of greater than about 0.5 kgf\/mm2,a total energy absorption per unit volume of greater than about 0.55 kgfmm\/mm3,an impact strength of greater than about 7000 ergs, and an improved removeability from hair as defined by a hair stiffness value of from 0 to about 3.5 (0 to 4 scale) and a hair flaking value of from 0 to about 3.5 (0 to 4 scale). These hairspray compositions provide improved hair styling performance, and in particular provide improved maintenance or hold when applied to dry hair and causes minimal or no drooping of the hair during or immediately after application.1. A hairspray composition comprising: (a) from about 50% to about 99.9% by weight of an alcohol solvent; (b) from about 0.1% to about 30% by weight of an adhesive block copolymer having a weight average molecular weight from about 10,000 grams\/mole to about 10,000,000 grams\/mole and which is formed from the free radical polymerization of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer with a silicone macroinitiator selected from the group consisting of [Equation] --XYX--[[SiR2O]m--SiR2--XYX]]n-- [Equation] --[[SiR2O]m--SiR2--XYX]n--[SiR2O]p-- and combinations thereof, wherein each R is independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C10 alkyl, phenyl, C1-C10 alkyl-substituted phenyl, and mixtures thereof, X is a divalent radical, Y is selected from the group consisting of [Equation] --N=N-- [Equation] --O--O-- and combinations thereof; and m, n, and p are positive integers independently having a value of 1 or greater; and wherein the silicone macroinitiator has a number average molecular weight from about 500 grams\/mole to about 500,000 grams\/mole, and the ethylenically unsaturated monomers are copolymerizable and form one or more polymeric blocks within the adhesive block copolymer having a Tg value of from about -20° C. to about 60° C.","label":"IndustConst","id":765} +{"sentence":"INTEGRATION OF MTO WITH ON PURPOSE BUTADIENEA process is presented for the production of 1,3-butadiene. The process include separating C4 olefins from an olefin stream generated by a methanol to olefins conversion reactor. The C4 stream is process and 1,3-butadiene is recovered, The remaining C4 stream is passed to a dehydrogenation unit to generate more butadienes. The dehydrogenation process stream is processed to recover products, such as 1-butene and 1,3-butadiene.1 . A process for the production of butadiene comprising: passing a process stream from an oxygenate to olefins reactor to a first separation unit to generate a first process stream comprising light olefins, and a second process stream comprising C4 and heavier olefins; passing the second process stream to a second separation unit to generate a C4 process stream and a heavies process stream, wherein the C4 process stream comprises butenes and butanes, and an isobutene content of less than 1 wt %; and passing the butene process stream to a dehydrogenation unit to generate a dehydrogenation process stream comprising butadienes.","label":"Process","id":766} +{"sentence":"Hydrogenation processesThe present invention is directed to a process for hydrogenating one or more organic compounds especially unsaturated organic compounds by bringing the compound into contact with a hydrogen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst, which comprises one or more catalytically active metals applied to a porous catalyst support. The one or more catalytically active metals having been derived via a decomposed organic complex of the metal on the support, in particular amine complexes of the metal. The decomposed complex may be treated with hydrogen to activate the catalyst before use as a hydrogenation catalyst.1. A process comprising: (a) contacting one or more benzenepolycarboxylic acids or a mixture of one or more benzenepolycarboxylic acids with a source of hydrogen in the presence of a catalyst comprising one or more catalytically active metal sites located on a catalyst support, under hydrogenation conditions, whereby at least one of said one or more benzenepolycarboxylic acids or mixture of one or more benzenepolycarboxylic acids are hydrogenated to provide a product; (b) recovering said product; wherein at least one of said catalytically active metal sites has been obtained via the partial decomposition on said catalyst support of a complex of a Transition Group VIII metal and a compound selected from the group consisting of (i) amino acids and (ii) aliphatic amines comprising one or more hydroxyl groups, partial decomposition having been carried out such that new vibration bands appear in the infra red spectrum of the complex at between 2100-2200 cm−1and (a) having been carried out in the presence of hydrogen or (b) being followed by treatment with hydrogen.","label":"HouseConst","id":767} +{"sentence":"SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER HAVING FAST ABSORPTIONThe present invention relates to a particulate superabsorbent polymer composition having fast absorption and a method of making the particulate superabsorbent polymer comprising a monomer solution comprising a foaming agent and a mixture of a lipophile surfactant and a polyethoxylated hydrophilic surfactant wherein the particulate superabsorbent polymer composition has a mean particle size distribution of from 300 to 500 μm and a vortex time of 30 to 60 seconds. The present invention further includes particulate superabsorbent polymer compositions surface treated with other components. The present invention further includes absorbent cores and articles including the particulate superabsorbent polymer compositions.1 . A process for making a particulate superabsorbent polymer having fast water absorption comprising the steps of a) preparing an aqueous monomer solution of a mixture of a of polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer and an internal crosslinking agent monomer wherein the aqueous monomer solution comprises dissolved oxygen; b) sparging the aqueous monomer solution of step a) including adding an inert gas to the aqueous monomer solution of step a) to replace the dissolved oxygen of the aqueous monomer solution; c) polymerizing the aqueous monomer solution of step b) including the steps of c1) adding to the aqueous monomer solution of step a): i) an aqueous solution comprising from about 0.05 to about 2.0 wt. % based on the total amount of the polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer solution of a foaming agent; and ii) an aqueous solution comprising from about 0.001 to about 1.0 wt. % based on the total amount of the polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomer solution of a mixture of a lipophile surfactant and a polyethoxylated hydrophilic surfactant; c2) treating the monomer solution of step c1) to high speed shear mixing to form a treated monomer solution, wherein the components i) an aqueous solution comprising from about 0.1 to about 1.0 wt. % of a foaming agent; and ii) an aqueous solution comprising from about 0.001 to about 1.0 wt. % of a mixture of a lipophile surfactant and a polyethoxylated hydrophilic surfactant are added to the aqueous monomer solution after step b) of sparging the aqueous monomer solution and before step c2) of high speed shear mixing of the aqueous monomer solution; c3) forming a hydrogel by adding a polymerization initiator to the treated monomer solution of step c2) wherein the initiator is added to the treated monomer solution after the foaming agent and the mixture of surfactants, wherein the polymer is formed to include bubbles of the foaming agent into the polymer structure; d) drying and grinding the hydrogel of step c) to form particulate superabsorbent polymer; and e) surface crosslinking the particulate superabsorbent polymer of step d) with a surface crosslinking agent wherein the surface crosslinked superabsorbent polymer has a vortex of from about 30 sec to about 60 sec.","label":"Household","id":768} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing high 1,4-cis polybutadiene having controlled cold flowThe present invention relates to a method for preparing a high 1,4-cis polybutadiene having a controlled cold flow and, more particularly, to a novel method for preparing a high 1,4-cis polybutadiene having a controlled cold flow that involves initiating polymerization of a 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a non-polar solvent using, as a polymerization catalyst, a complex prepared by mixing a neodymium compound with or without a conjugated diene compound, a halogenated organoaluminum compound or a halogenated organic compound, and an organoaluminum compound irrespective of the addition order of the catalyst; and adding an organoborane compound as a cold flow controller of 1,4-cis polybutadiene after a predetermined time of the polymerization. Accordingly, a high 1,4-cis polybutadiene having an efficiently controlled cold flow can be prepared without causing a significant increase in the Mooney viscosity (molecular weight), an odor (bad smell), and a reduction in 1,4-cis content and polymerization yield.1. A method for preparing a high 1,4-cis polybutadiene having a 1,4-cis content of at least 95%, the method comprising: initiating polymerization of a 1,3-butadiene in the presence of a non-polar solvent using a polymerization catalyst prepared by mixing irrespective of the addition order (1) a neodymium compound with or without a conjugated diene compound, (2) a halogenated organoaluminum compound or a halogenated organic compound, and (3) an organoaluminum compound; and adding an organoborane compound represented by following formula 1 or 2 as a cold flow controller of 1,4-cis polybutadiene after a predetermined time of the polymerization: wherein R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different and include an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, respectively, wherein R is an alkoxy or alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":769} +{"sentence":"Tire size reduction\/wire separation systemA tire size reduction\/wire separation system comprising a drive shaft; a plurality of rotors mounted on the drive shaft, each rotor having axial slots with a rotor mounted knife removably secured within each slot; and an independent housing supporting the drive shaft and rotors. The independent housing has a central region with stationary knives. The roots and crests of the stationary knives are matingly oriented and respect to the roots and crests of the rotor mounted knives The independent housing also has lateral regions including an annual wear ring vertically secured to the axial ends of the rotors. Each lateral region also includes a wear liner with a circular opening with a diameter greater than the exterior diameter of the wear rings.1. A tire size reduction\/wire separation system for the safe and efficient size reduction and wire separation of scrap tire material, cable and wire which need to be separated for means of recycling and recovery, the system comprising, in combination: a drive shaft in a generally cylindrical configuration with a central section of an enlarged diameter and with end sections of a reduced diameter and with intermediate sections of an intermediate diameter located between the central section and end sections and with a pair of spaced bearings supporting the shaft at the intermediate sections for rotating the shaft about a horizontal axis of rotation; a plurality of generally cylindrical rotors mounted on the central section of the drive shaft for rotation therewith, the rotors having a common axis of rotation coextensive with the axis of rotation of the drive shaft, each rotor having a periphery with eight equally spaced axial slots, each axial slot having a shallow region and a deep region, a rotor mounted knife with teeth removably secured within each shallow region, each said slot having a primary wedge and secondary wedge, each primary wedge and deep region having threaded apertures with bolts for securement purposes, a replaceable wear plate between each primary wedge and the rotor mounted knife of the next adjacent slot, each wear plate and rotor there adjacent having threaded apertures with bolts for securement purposes, the knives of each rotor being offset from the knives of each other rotor to form a helix tending to move the material toward the axial center of the rotors during rotation of the rotors; an independent housing having a base plate supporting the bearings with the rotors within the independent housing and with the end sections of the drive shaft extending laterally from the independent housing; said independent housing also having a central region with stationary knives, each stationary knife having horizontally aligned fixed teeth, the stationary knives being matingly oriented with respect to the rotor mounted knives; said independent housing also having an upper region above the mid-plane of the rotors with a chamber for receiving material to be shredded by the rotor mounted knives and the stationary knives; said independent housing also having a lower region beneath the mid-plane of the rotors, the lower region including a semi-cylindrical screen concentric with the rotors for the passage there through of material passing between the rotatable and stationary knives; and said independent housing also having lateral regions adjacent to the axial ends of the rotors, each lateral region including an annular wear ring with an exterior diameter greater than the diameter of the rotors and vertically secured to the axial ends of the rotors for rotating therewith, each lateral region also including a wear liner vertically secured with respect to the chamber and positioned adjacent to the axial ends of the rotors and fixed with respect thereto, each wear liner having a circular opening with a diameter greater than the exterior diameter of the wear rings and concentrically receiving said annular wear rings there within and forming a gap there between for the passage of small particles, each lateral region also including a supplemental plate vertically secured with respect to the chamber and positioned laterally exterior of the wear liners and fixed with respect thereto, the supplemental plate and wear ring at each end of the rotors defining a passageway for the movement of small material from the upper region to the lower region, the gap and the passageway adapted to be kept clear by the use of replaceable wipers.","label":"Household","id":770} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER-ABSORBENT POLYMER PARTICLES WITH A HIGHER PERMEABILITY BY POLYMERIZING DROPLETS OF A MONOMER SOLUTIONA process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads with high permeability by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, wherein a water-insoluble inorganic salt is suspended in the monomer solution and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm.1 . A process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads comprising polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, and d) water, in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, wherein a water-insoluble inorganic salt is suspended in the monomer solution and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm.","label":"Household","id":771} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic elastomer composition having low hardness, and diaphragm comprising sameA thermoplastic elastomer composition of the present invention comprises (A) 30 to 40% by weight of a block terpolymer of an aromatic vinyl compound and alkene or a conjugated diene-based compound; (B) 25 to 50% by weight of a paraffin oil; (C) 1 to 5% by weight of a polyolefin-based resin; (D) 5 to 20% by weight of an inorganic additive; and (E) 5 to 15% by weight of a polyphenylene ether-based resin. The thermoplastic elastomer composition, which has a surface hardness of 0.1 to 40 A (shore A), shows excellent low hardness and has improved physical properties at high temperature, particularly, flexibility, restoring force at high temperatures, and the like.1. A thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising: (A) 30 to 40% by weight of a block terpolymer of an aromatic vinyl compound with alkene or a conjugated diene-based compound; (B) 25 to 50% by weight of a paraffin oil; (C) 2 to 4% by weight of a polyolefin-based resin; (D) 5 to 20% by weight of an inorganic additive; and (E) 5 to 15% by weight of a polyphenylene ether-based resin, wherein the amounts of (A), (B), (C), (D), and (E) are based on 100% by weight of the thermoplastic elastomer composition formed of (A)+(B)+(C)+(D)+(E), and (F) 0.01 to 0.4 parts by weight of silicone-based resin based on 100 parts by weight of the thermoplastic elastomer composition formed of (A)+(B)+(C)+(D)+(E), wherein the silicone-based resin (F) is a master batch composition of a silicone resin and the polyolefin-based resin, wherein the silicone-based resin (F) includes a silicone resin comprising a polymer of hexamethyl cyclotrisiloxane, octamethyl cyclotetrasiloxane, decamethyl cyclopentasiloxane, dodecamethyl cyclohexasiloxane, trimethyl triphenylcyclotrisiloxane, and\/or tetramethyl tetraphenylcyclotetrasiloxane, and wherein the thermoplastic elastomer composition has a permanent elongation set (%) of 1.4 to 2.1 measured at 23° C. in accordance with KS M 6518.","label":"HouseConst","id":772} +{"sentence":"Ethylene polymer, preparation process thereof and molded articles of the sameThe present invention provides ethylene polymers capable of preparing various molded articles such as films, sheets or the like, and having excellent moldability, particularly excellent high-speed moldability. The ethylene polymers of the present invention have a density and molecular weight distribution in specific ranges. The first ethylene polymer is characterized by having (C) a ratio (MFR10\/MFR2) of a melt flow rate (MFR10) at 190° C. under a load of 10 Kg to a melt flow rate (MFR2) at 190° C. under a load of 2.16 Kg of from 16.2 to 50. The second ethylene polymer is characterized by having (C) a ratio (MFR10\/MFR2) from 12 to 50. The third ethylene polymer is characterized by having (D) a relation of ω2\/ω1≧18 where ω1 and ω2 denote angular velocity (rad\/sec) when complex elastic modulus G* (dyne\/cm2) at 200° C. is 5.0×105dyne\/cm2and 2.0×106dyne\/cm2, respectively, which are determined by measurement of the angular velocity dependence of the complex elastic modulus of the copolymer.1. A process for preparing an ethylene polymer, which process comprises preparing said ethylene polymer in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst comprising an organic hafnium compound selected from the group consisting of ethylene bis(indenyl)dimethyl hafnium, ethylene bis(indenyl)diethyl hafnium, ethylene bis(indenyl)diphenyl hafnium, ethylene bis(indenyl)methyl hafnium monochloride, ethylene bis(indenyl)ethyl hafnium monochloride, ethylene bis(indenyl)methyl hafnium monobromide, ethylene bis(indenyl) hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(indenyl)hafnium dibromide, ethylene bis(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl)dimethyl hafnium, ethylene bis(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1indenyl)methyl hafnium monochloride, ethylene bis(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1-indenyl)hafnium dibromide, ethylene bis(4-methyl-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(5-methyl-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(6-methyl-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(7-methyl-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(5-methoxy-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(2,3-dimethyl-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, ethylene bis(4,7-dimethyl-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride and ethylene bis(4,7-dimethoxy-1-indenyl)hafnium dichloride, and an organic boron compound as indispensable components and under a polymerization temperature of 50 to 100° C., wherein the ethylene polymer has: (A) a density of from 0.930 to 0.970 g\/cm3, (B) a ratio (Mw\/Mn) of a weight average molecular weight (Mw) to a number average molecular weight (Mn), as measured by GPC, of from 1.2 to 10, and (C) a ratio (MFR10\/MFR2) of a melt flow rate (MFR10) at 190° C. under a load of 10 Kg to a melt flow rate (MFR2) at 190° C. under a load of 2.16 Kg of from 16.2 to 50.","label":"HouseConst","id":773} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of polyvinyl chloride based powders suitable for plastisol preparationIn a process for the production of polyvinyl chloride based powders suitable for plastisol preparation, wherein such powders are obtained by: Polymerization in aqueous emulsion in the presence of water-soluble catalyst or by polymerization in microsuspension in the presence of oil-soluble catalysts; Addition of an additive material; and Spray-drying; An improvement comprises spray-drying at least one such additive in the liquid phase concurrently with the dispersion. This improvement enables production of powders containing the additives homogenously distributed therein, even when the additives are immiscible in the dispersion or cause the dispersion to coagulate if added thereto.1. In a process for the production of polyvinyl chloride based powders suitable for plastisol preparation, wherein such powders are obtained by: polymerization of vinyl chloride in (a) a dispersion comprising an aqueous emulsion in the presence of water-soluble catalysts or (b) a microsuspension in the presence of oil-soluble catalysts; addition of at least one additive material; and spray-drying the dispersion; an improvement comprising separately spray-drying at least one such additive in the liquid phase concurrently with the dispersion while simultaneously intimately intermixing the additive spray and the dispersion spray; wherein the additive is immiscible with the polyvinyl chloride dispersion and is a material which improves at least one of the thermostability of the powder, the rheological properties of the plastisol to be prepared from the powder or the foam characteristics of the foam to be produced from the plastisol.","label":"HouseConst","id":774} +{"sentence":"Functionalized propylene copolymer adhesive compositionThis invention relates to an adhesive composition comprising a functionalized random propylene polymer (FRPP) having at least 0.1 wt % of a functional group, a heat of fusion of between 0.5 and 70 J\/g, and an mm triad tacticity index of at least 75%, where the adhesive has a T-Peel adhesion on a polar substrate at 20° C. of at least 175 N\/m (1 lb\/in) and a T-Peel adhesion on a non-polar substrate at 20° C. of at least 175 N\/m (1 lb\/in) where the polarity of the polar substrate is at least 0.10 units higher than the polarity of the non-polar substrate. Methods to produce the adhesive and articles comprising the adhesive are also disclosed.1. An adhesive composition consists essentially of: from 5 to 40 wt %, by weight of the adhesive composition, of a functionalized random propylene polymer (FRPP), where the FRPP has at least 0.1 wt % of a functional group; a heat of fusion of between 0.5 and 70 J\/g; and an mm triad tacticity index of at least 75%, from 1 to 95 wt %, by weight of the adhesive composition, of an amorphous polypropylene polymer grafted to isotactic polypropylene polymer; from 3 to 30 wt %, by weight of the adhesive composition, of a tackifier comprising a hydrogenated aromatic modified resin produced from dicyclopentadiene feedstock, having a Ring and Ball softening point of 10° C. to 150° C.; and up to 20 wt %, by weight of the adhesive composition, of a wax; wherein the adhesive composition has a T-Peel adhesion on a polar substrate at 20° C. of at least 175 N\/m (1 lb\/in) and a T-Peel adhesion on a non-polar substrate at 20° C. of at least 175 N\/m (1 lb\/in), and wherein the polarity of the polar substrate is at least 0.10 units higher than the polarity of the non-polar substrate.","label":"HouseConst","id":775} +{"sentence":"Production of silica aerogelsSilica aerogels which exhibit very little shrinkage or partial growth during processing and drying are produced by foaming and reacting a mixture of an oxidated silicon compound, a salt forming compound and a gas in an aqueous medium. The foamed silica gel is then dried to remove water thereby producing silica aerogel. The silica aerogels may be used as a thermal and sound insulator, filler, catalyst, catalyst carrier, reinforcing agent, binder, absorbent, thickening agent and may have other uses.1. The process for the production of silica aerogels which consists of foaming, mixing and reacting the following components in water: (a) oxidated silicon compound selected from the group consisting of alkali metal silicates, alkaline earth metal silicates, silicate minerals, silicic acid sol, aqueous suspension of colloidal silica and mixtures thereof, in the amount of 50 to 100 parts by weight; (b) salt forming compound selected from the group consisting of mineral acid, organic acids and mixtures thereof, in the amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight; and (c) gas selected from the group consisting of air, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen, organic gases and mixtures thereof, in the amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight to produce a foamed silica gel, the foamed silica gel is then dried.","label":"IndustConst","id":776} +{"sentence":"POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION COMPRISING TWO TYPES OF LINEAR LOW DENSITY POLYETHYLENEThe invention is directed to a polyethylene composition comprising 20-90 wt % of a LLDPE A and 80-10 wt % of a LLDPE B, wherein i) LLDPE A is obtainable by a process for producing a copolymer of ethylene and another α-olefin in the presence of an Advanced Ziegler-Natta catalyst, ii) LLDPE B is obtainable by a process for producing a copolymer of ethylene and another α-olefin in the presence of a metallocene catalyst.1 . A polyethylene composition comprising 20-90 wt % of a LLDPE A and 80-10 wt % of a LLDPE B, wherein i) LLDPE A is obtained by a process for producing a copolymer of ethylene and another α-olefin in the presence of an Advanced Ziegler-Natta catalyst, wherein the Ziegler-Natta catalyst is produced in a process comprising the steps of: (a) contacting a dehydrated support having hydroxyl groups with a magnesium compound having the general formula MgR′R″, wherein R′ and R″ are the same or different and are independently selected from the group comprising an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkadienyl group, aryl group, alkaryl group, alkenylaryl group and alkadienylaryl group; (b) contacting the product obtained in step (a) with modifying compounds (A), (B) and (C), wherein: compound (A) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, ketone, acyl halide, aldehyde and alcohol; compound (B) is a compound having the general formula R1a(R2O)bSiY1c, wherein a, b and c are each integers from 0 to 4 and the sum of a, b and c is equal to 4 with a proviso that when c is equal to 4 then modifying compound (A) is not an alcohol, Si is a silicon atom, O is an oxygen atom, Y1is a halide atom and R1and R2are the same or different and are independently selected from the group comprising an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkadienyl group, aryl group, alkaryl group, alkenylaryl group and alkadienylaryl group; compound (C) is a compound having the general formula (R11O)4M1, wherein M1is a titanium atom, a zirconium atom or a vanadium atom, O is an oxygen atom and R11is selected from the group comprising an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkadienyl group, aryl group, alkaryl group, alkenylaryl group and alkadienylaryl group; and (c) contacting the product obtained in step (b) with a titanium halide compound having the general formula TiY4, wherein Ti is a titanium atom and Y is a halide atom, ii) LLDPE B is obtained by a process for producing a copolymer of ethylene and another α-olefin in the presence of a metallocene catalyst.","label":"HouseConst","id":777} +{"sentence":"Water-insoluble, iron-containing mixed metal, granular materialThere is provided a granular material comprising (i) at least 50% by weight based on the weight of the granular material of solid water-insoluble mixed metal compound capable of binding phosphate of formula (I): MII1-x.MIIIx(OH)2An−y.zH2O (I) where MIIis at least one of magnesium, calcium, lanthanum and cerium; MIIis at least iron(III); Anis at least one n-valent anion; x=Σny, 012.9−7.15×SR; and the intrinsic viscosity ([η]) and the melt flow rate (MFR) satisfy the relation; [η]>1.85×MFR−0.192in the case of MFR<1 and the relation; [η]>1.85×MFR−0.213in the case of MFR≧1. Such an ethylene (co)polymer can be usable for various molding applications and especially suitable for pipes.1. An ethylene (co)polymer composition (C3-1) comprising: an ethylene (co)polymer (A3) being either an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, wherein (iA3) the melt tension (MT (g)) at 190° C. and the swell ratio (SR) calculated from the strand diameter extruded at 190° C. satisfy the relation; log(MT)>12.9−7.15×SR, (iiA3) the intrinsic viscosity ([η] (dl\/g)) measured at 135° C. in decalin and the melt flow rate (MFR (g\/10 minutes)) measured under 2.16 kg load at 190° C. satisfy the relations; [η]>1.85×MFR−0.192in the case of MFR<1 and [η]>1.85×MFR−0.213in the case of MFR≧1, and (ivA3) the number average molecular weight (Mn), the weight average molecular weight (Mw), and the Z average molecular weight (Mz) measured by gel permeation chromatography satisfy the relations; Mz\/Mw≧7\/(1−5.5\/(Mw\/Mn)), and Mw\/Mn>5.5; and another un-modified polymer (B3).","label":"Construct","id":822} +{"sentence":"Method for production of absorbent resin excelling in durabilityA method for the production of (D) an absorbent resin excelling in durability, which method comprises polymerizing (A) 30% by weight to saturated concentration of (A) an aqueous water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer solution containing (B) 0.005 to 5 mol % of a cross-linking agent and (C) 0.001 to 1 mol % of a water-soluble chain transfer agent, both based on the amount of said monomer (A), and if necessary, the surface region of the resultant absorbent resin (D) is cross-linked with (E) a hydrophilic cross-linking agent capable of reacting with the functional group of the absorbent resin and an absorbent resin obtained by such method.1. A method for the production of (D) an absorbent resin excelling in durability, which method comprises polymerizing (A) 30% by weight to saturated concentration of an aqueous water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer solution containing as a main component an acrylic acid, a salt thereof or mixtures thereof, (B) 0.02 to 1 mol % of a cross-linking agent having at least two polymerically unsaturated groups and (C) 0.001 to 1 mol % of a hypophosphite, both based on the amount of said monomer (A).","label":"Household","id":823} +{"sentence":"Hydrogels absorbing aqueous fluidsThe invention relates to hydrogels capable of absorbing aqueous fluids, which hydrogels are produced by polymerization of olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acids or their derivatives. The hydrogels are characterized in that before, during or after the polymerization reaction and before drying a silicic acid alkali salt of the general formula (I) M2O×nSiO2 is added to the polymerization reaction mixture. In said formula M is an alkali metal and n is a number between 0.5 and 4. The hydrogel obtained in this way is then dried at an elevated temperature. The invention also relates to a method for producing said hydrogels and to their use for absorbing aqueous fluids.1. A process for preparing dried hydrogel particles, comprising: polymerizing an olefinically unsaturated carboxylic acid or its salts in a polymerization reaction mixture, to obtain a solid gel containing a polymer; admixing the polymerization reaction mixture before or during the polymerization or admixing said solid gel with an alkali metal silicate of the general formula I M2O×nSiO2  (I), wherein M is an alkali metal and n is from 0.5 to 4; thereby obtaining particles of a gel in which said silicate is evenly distributed; postcrosslinking said particles of the gel; and drying said particles of the gel at an elevated temperature, to obtain said dried hydrogel particles; wherein said postcrosslinking is effected by a crosslinker which is a compound containing two or more groups that form covalent bonds with the carboxyl groups of said particles of the gel; wherein said polymer is prepared by admixing said alkali metal silicate in an amount of from 0.05% by weight to 20% by weight, reckoned on SiO2 and based on a total monomer weight.","label":"Household","id":824} +{"sentence":"Trimerisation of olefinsThe invention describes a process for trimerisation olefins, which process includes the step of contacting an olefinic feedstream with a catalyst system which includes a transition metal compound and a heteroatomic ligand and wherein the trimer is an olefin and wherein the heteroatomic ligand is described by the following general formula (R)nA-B-C(R)m.1. A process for the trimerisation of olefins comprising contacting an olefinic feedstream with a catalyst system at a pressure above 100 kPa (1 barg), which catalyst system includes the combination of a chromium compound; and a heteroatomic ligand of the following general formula (R1)(R2)A-B-C(R3)(R4) where A and C are phosphorus; B is a linking group between A and C and; R1, R2, R3and R4are independently a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, a heterohydrocarbyl group or a substituted heterohydrocarbyl group and two or more of R1, R2, R3and R4are aromatic or hetero-aromatic groups containing at least one non-polar substituent on the atom adjacent to the atom bound to A or C.","label":"Catalyst","id":825} +{"sentence":"Electric double-layered capacitor using UV-curing gel type polymer electrolyteDisclosed is an electric double-layered capacitor fabricated by inserting a UV-curing gel type polymer electrolyte having excellent characteristics of ion conductivity, adhesion to electrode, compatibility with an organic solvent electrolyte, mechanical stability, permeability, and applicability to process, between electrodes. Accordingly, the present invention increases its storage capacitance, reduces self-discharge of electricity, and decreases inner cell resistance.1. An electric double-layered capacitor comprising: at least two electrodes; and a UV-curing gel type polymer electrolyte inserted between the electrodes, the UV-curing gel type polymer electrolyte comprising a polymer material, an organic solvent or a liquid electrolyte, a UV-curing initiator, and a UV-curing accelerator, wherein the polymer material comprises a function-I polymer selected from the group consisting of polyethyleneglycoldiacrylate(PEGDA), polyethyleneglycoldimethacrylate(PEGDMA), and a mixture of the polyethyleneglycoldiacrylate(PEGDA) and polyethyleneglycoldimethacrylate(PEGDMA) and a function-II polymer selected from the group consisting of a poly(vinyliden fluoride)(PVdF) based polymer, a polyacrylonitrile(PAN) based polymer, a polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) based polymer, a polyvinyl chloride(PVC) based polymer, and a mixture of the poly(vinyliden fluoride)(PVdF) based polymer, polyacrylonitrile(PAN) based polymer, polymethylmethacrylate(PMMA) based polymer, and polyvinyl chloride(PVC) based polymer.","label":"IndustConst","id":826} +{"sentence":"System for preparing silica aerogel powderA system for preparing silica aerogel powders. The system includes a material supplier, a mixer, a drier and a recoverer. The material supplier transmitting de-ionized water, water glass, an organosilane compound, an inorganic acid and at least one organic solvent. Some of organic solvents are mixed and transmitted to the mixer and tramining organic solvent is transmitted to the mixer. The mixer mixes the materials transmitted from the material supplier so as to generate silica hydrogel. The drier dries the silica hydrogel so as to generate silica aerogel powders. The recoverer recovers some vaporized materials of the materials used in the mixer and the drier.1. A system for preparing silica aerogel powders, the system comprising: a material supplier for transmitting de-ionized water, water glass, an organosilane compound, an inorganic acid and at least one organic solvent to the mixer; a mixer for mixing the materials transmitted from the material supplier so as to generate silica hydrogel; a drier for drying the silica hydrogel so as to generate silica aerogel powders; and a recoverer for recovering some vaporized materials of the materials used in the mixer and the drier, wherein some of organic solvents are mixed and then transmitted to the mixer and remaining organic solvent is transmitted to the mixer as it is.","label":"IndustConst","id":827} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing a heteropolyacid catalyst from basic solvent treatments and method for preparing methacrylic acid using thererofThe present invention relates to a method for preparing a heteropolyacid catalyst and method for preparing methacrylic acid using thereof. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for preparing heteropolyacid catalyst, which is produced by the recrystallization of a heteropolyacid and\/or its salt dissolved in a basic organic solvent and heat-treatment, and further to a method for preparing metachrylic acid using thereof, wherein the use of the heteropolyacid catalyst increases the activity of oxidation reaction induced by the modified electronic properties of heteropolyanions and provides high efficiency production of methacrylic acid from methacrolein, since the basic property of solvent inhibits peculiar acidic property of heteropolyacid.1. A method for preparing a heterpolyacid catalyst comprising the steps of: heat-treating heteropolyacid, its salt or a mixture thereof at a temperature of 300° C. or higher; dissolving the heat-treating heteropolyacid, its salt or a mixture thereof in a basic organic solvent; recrystallizing the dissolved heteropolyacid, its salt or a mixture thereof; and heat-treating the recrystallized heteropolyacid, its salt or a mixture thereof at 50 to 450° C.","label":"Catalyst","id":828} +{"sentence":"Methods and compositions for forming patterns with isolated or discrete features using block copolymer materialsMethods of directing the self assembly of block copolymers on chemically patterned surfaces to pattern discrete or isolated features needed for applications including patterning integrated circuit layouts are described. According to various embodiments, these features include lines, t-junctions, bends, spots and jogs. In certain embodiments a uniform field surrounds the discrete feature or features. In certain embodiments, a layer contains two or more distinct regions, the regions differing in one or more of type of feature, size, and\/or pitch. An example is an isolated spot at one area of the substrate, and a t-junction at another area of the substrate. These features or regions of features may be separated by unpatterned or uniform fields, or may be adjacent to one another. Applications include masks for nanoscale pattern transfer as well as the fabrication of integrated circuit device structures.1. A structure comprising: a) a chemically patterned substrate; and b) a copolymer layer on said substrate; the layer comprising one or more isolated features registered with the underlying substrate, wherein the one or more isolated features are isolated by an unpatterned region and\/or by a uniform region of the copolymer layer.","label":"IndustConst","id":829} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with halosilanes containing an amino groupA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of preparing a reactive polymer, and reacting the reactive polymer with a halosilane compound containing an amino group.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) preparing a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a halosilane compound defined by the formula: where X is a halogen atom, R2is a halogen atom, a hydrocarbyloxy group, or a monovalent organic group, R3is a divalent organic group, and R4is a monovalent organic group or a hydrolyzable group.","label":"Automobile","id":830} +{"sentence":"Production method for water-absorbing resin powderThe present invention provides a method for producing a water-absorbing resin powder. The method includes a polymerization step, a drying step, a pulverization step, a classification step, and a surface cross-linking step. It further includes an additional step, performed before the surface cross-linking step, in which at least part of the classified polymer is supplied again to the same or a different pulverization step. The circulation pulverization ratio in the pulverization step is higher than 1.50.1. A method for producing water-absorbing resin powder, comprising sequentially: a polymerization step for polymerizing an aqueous solution of acrylic acid (salt) to obtain a hydrogel-like cross-linked polymer; a drying step for drying the obtained hydrogel-like cross-linked polymer to obtain a dried polymer; a pulverization step for pulverizing the obtained dried polymer with a pulverizing means to obtain a pulverized polymer; a classification step for classifying the obtained pulverized polymer to obtain a classified polymer; and a surface cross-linking step for surface cross-linking the obtained classified polymer; characterized in that, at least a part of the classified polymer is supplied again to the same or a different pulverization step, before the surface cross-linking step, wherein circulation pulverization ratio in the pulverization step, represented by the following equation is larger than 1.50: (Circulation pulverization ratio)=(total supply amount of the water-absorbing resin to the pulverization step)\/(total discharge amount of the water-absorbing resin at the drying step);  [EXPRESSION 1] wherein (total supply amount of the water-absorbing resin to the pulverization step)=(total discharge amount of the water-absorbing resin at the drying step)+(amount of the classified polymer supplied again to the same or different pulverization step).","label":"Household","id":831} +{"sentence":"Organically modified aerogels, processes for their preparation by surface modification of the aqueous gel, without prior solvent exchange, and subsequent drying, and their useThe present invention relates to novel, organically modified aerogels, uses thereof, and a process for producing them in which a) a hydrogel is introduced as an initial charge, b) the hydrogel obtained in step a) is subjected to surface modification, and c) the surface-modified gel obtained in step b) is dried. The present invention additionally relates to novel, organically modified wet gels, to a process for producing them, and to their use.1. A process for preparing an organically modified aerogel, which comprises: a) introducing an inorganic hydrogel formed at pH greater than 3 as initial charge, b) modifying the surface of the hydrogel obtained in step a) by mixing the hydrogel with a silylating agent to form a hydrophobic surface modified gel, and c) drying the surface-modified gel obtained in step b) to form the organically modified aerogel.","label":"IndustConst","id":832} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing a catalyst for producing methacrylic acidWhen a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid is prepared by shaping a catalyst component represented by the general formula PaMobVcXdYeZfOgwherein P, Mo, V, X, Y, Z, a, b, c, d, e, f and g are as defined in the specification, a catalyst capable of giving methacrylic acid in high yield is provided by adding one or more organic high-molecular weight compounds with an average particle size of 0.01-10 μm, and carrying out heat treatment before use as a catalyst.1. A process for preparing a catalyst for producing methacrylic acid by vapor phase catalytic oxidation of methacrolein, comprising adding one or more organic high-molecular weight compounds selected from the group consisting of polymethyl methacrylates and polystyrenes, the compounds having an average particle size of 0.02 μm to 10 μm, to a catalyst component having a composition represented by the general formula: [Equation] PaMobVcXdYcZfOg (wherein P, Mo, V and O denote phosphorus, molybdenum, vanadium and oxygen, respectively; X denotes at least one element selected from the group consisting of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, germanium, zirconium, tellurium, silver and boron; Y denotes at least one element selected from the group consisting of iron, copper, zinc, chromium, magnesium, tantalum, manganese, barium, gallium, cerium and lanthanum; Z denotes at least one element selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium; a, b, c, d, e and f note atomic ratio values for the individual elements: in the case of b being 12, a=0.5 to 3, c=0.01 to 3, d=0. to 3, e=0 to 3, f=0.01 to 3; and g is a number of oxygen atoms which is necessary for giving the above valences of the individual constituents) to obtain a mixture, and molding the resulting mixture, followed by a heat treatment to remove the one or more organic high molecular weight compounds.","label":"Catalyst","id":833} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR RECYCLING ENERGY FROM COMPRESSOR OUTLET, AND AIR CONDITIONERA method for recovering and using energy from a fluid exiting an outlet of a compressor in an air conditioning system, the method including: disposing an ejector between a compressor and a condenser of an air conditioning system, the ejector including a first inlet for receiving a working fluid and a second inlet for receiving an ejection fluid; connecting the first inlet of the ejector to an outlet of the compressor; connecting an outlet of the ejector to an inlet of the condenser; and connecting the second inlet of the ejector to an evaporator of the air conditioning system.1 . A method for recovering and using energy from a fluid exiting an outlet of a compressor in an air conditioning system, the method comprising: a) disposing an ejector between a compressor and a condenser of an air conditioning system, the ejector comprising a first inlet for receiving a working fluid and a second inlet for receiving an ejection fluid; b) connecting the first inlet of the ejector to an outlet of the compressor; c) connecting an outlet of the ejector to an inlet of the condenser; and d) connecting the second inlet of the ejector to an evaporator of the air conditioning system.","label":"Process","id":834} +{"sentence":"Method of creating a biostatic agent using interpenetrating network polymersApplicants' invention is a method for creating an interpenetrating network on the surface of devices and supplies that is biocompatible and antimicrobial. According to Applicants' invention, a polymerizable or monomeric quaternary ammonium salt in a solvent is exposed to a polymeric substrate. The quaternary salt in solvent is absorbed by the polymeric substrate and the quaternary salt is polymerized such that an interpenetrating network is formed with said polymeric substrate.1. A method of imparting antimicrobial properties to a polymeric substrate comprising: providing a polymerizable or monomeric quaternary ammonium salt in a solvent; contacting the polymeric substrate to said solvent containing said quaternary salt; permitting said quaternary salt to be absorbed by the polymeric substrate; and polymerizing said quaternary salt such that an interpenetrating polymer network is formed with said polymeric substrate.","label":"Household","id":835} +{"sentence":"Propylene-based polymer, propylene-based polymer composition, pellet and pressure-sensitive adhesivePropylene-based polymers (A) are provided which, when used as pressure-sensitive adhesives to various adherends, show a desired initial adhesion and will not contaminate the adherends and which have excellent pellet handling properties. Pellets of the invention contain the propylene-based polymers (A). Pressure-sensitive adhesives of the invention contain the propylene-based polymers (A). The propylene-based polymer (A) includes 65 to 80 mol % of a structural unit derived from propylene, 5 to 10 mol % of a structural unit derived from ethylene and 15 to 25 mol % of a structural unit derived from a C4-20 α-olefin (wherein these percentages are calculated based on 100 mol % of the total of the structural unit derived from propylene, the structural unit derived from ethylene and the structural unit derived from a C4-20 α-olefin) and has a heat of crystal fusion of 5 to 45 (J\/g) as measured by DSC. Compositions of the invention contain the propylene-based polymers (A).1. A pellet (X2) comprising the propylene-based polymer composition (C) comprising 50 to less than 100 parts by weight of a propylene-based polymer (A) and from more than 0 to 50 parts by weight of a polypropylene (B) (wherein the total of (A) and (B) is 100 parts by weight), wherein the propylene-based polymer (A) comprises: 65 to 80 mol % of a structural unit derived from propylene, 5 to 10 mol % of a structural unit derived from ethylene and 15 to 25 mol % of a structural unit derived from a C4-20 α-olefin (wherein these percentages are calculated based on 100 mol % of the total of the structural unit derived from propylene, the structural unit derived from ethylene and the structural unit derived from a C4-20 α-olefin), has a heat of crystal fusion of 5 to 45 J\/g as measured by DSC and has a triad tacticity [mm fraction (%)] of not less than 85% as determined by13C-NMR; and wherein the polypropylene (B) comprises not less than 90 mol % of a structural unit derived from propylene (wherein this percentage is calculated based on 100 mol % of all the structural units that form the polypropylene).","label":"Construct","id":836} +{"sentence":"Method for the production of aqueous polymer dispersions containing very few residual monomers and use thereofThe invention relates to a method for reducing the amount of residual monomers in aqueous polymer dispersions means of chemical post-treatment. Post-treatment in the aqueous polymer dispersion is carried out by adding a redox system which contains a) 0.005-5 wt. % of an oxidation agent which contains an organic peroxide. and b) 0.005-5 wt. % of a reduction agent which contains sulfinic acids or salts thereof. Additionally the redox system can, optionally, contain catalytic amounts of a polyvalent metallic ion which can be treated in several valent stages. Post-treatment can be carried out at a temperature ranging from 20-100.degree. C. and at a PH-value ranging from 2-9. The invention also relates to the use of the inventive post-treated polymer dispersion for producing adhesives, coatings, powders, constructive chemical products or for refining textiles or paper.1. A process for reducing the amount of residual monomers in aqueous polymer dispersions by chemical aftertreatmcnt, comprising: treating an aqueous polymer dispersion containing residual monomers with a redox system which consists essentially of a) from 0.005 to 5% by weight based on the total weight of all monomers used for the preparation of the polymer dispersion, of at least one oxidizing agent based on an organic peroxide from the class consisting of the a1) a perester which is tert-butyl perbenzoate, tert-butyl peroxy-3,5,5-trimethylhexanoate, tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, cumyl peroxyneodecanoate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl peroxyneodecanoate, tert-butyl peroxyneodecanoate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl peroxypivalate, tert-butyl peroxyneoheptanoate, tert-amyl peroxypivalate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-butyl peroxydiethylacetate, tert-butyl peroxyisobutyrate, tert-butyl peroxyacetate or tert-amyl peroxybeuzoate, or a2) a percarbonate which is 1-(2-ethyihexanoylperoxy)-1,3-dimethylbutyl peroxypivalate, di(2-ethylhexyl) peroxydicarbonate, 2,5-dimethyl-2,5-di(2-ethylhexanoylperoxy)hexane, tert-amylperoxy 2-ethyihexyl carbonate, tert-butylperoxy isopropyl carbonate or tert-butylperoxy 2-ethylhexyl carbonate, or a3) a perketal which is 1,1-di(tert-butylperoxy)-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane, 2,2-di(4,4-di(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexyl)propane, 1,1-di(tert-butylperoxy)cyclohexane, 2,2-di(tert-butylperoxy)butane, 3,6,9-triethyl-1,4,7-triperoxynonane or 3,6,9-trimethyl-1,4,7-triperoxynonane, and b) from 0.005 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of all monomers used for the preparation of the polymer dispersion, of at least one reducing agent from the group consisting of the sulfinic acids and the salts thereof having the structure MO—SO—CR12R13R14  (2) in which M is hydrogen, NH4, a monovalent metal ion or one equivalent of a divalent metal ion of the groups Ia, IIa, lIb, IVa or VIIIb of the Periodic Table of the Elements, in which R12=OH, NR15R16, in which R15and R16, independently of one another, are hydrogen or C1-C6-alkyl, in which R13=hydrogen or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group, it being possible for these groups to have 1, 2 or 3 substituents which, independently of one another, are selected from C1-C6-alkyl, OH, O-C1-C6-alkyl, halogen and CF3, in which R14=COOM, SO3M, COR15, CONR15R16, COOR15, in which M, R15and R16have the meanings stated above, or, if R13is aryl, this may be unsubstituted or substituted as stated above, R14is also H, and the salts thereof, and optionally sodium sulfite and\/or sulfonic acid derivates which cannot eliminate any formaldehyde.","label":"Household","id":837} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing a group IVB, VB or VIB metal oxide on inorganic refractory oxide support catalyst and the product prepared by said methodAn acid catalyst comprising a catalytic component selected from the group consisting of oxides of tungsten, niobium and mixtures thereof and tungsten or niobium oxides in combination with one or more additional metal oxides selected from the group consisting of tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, chromium oxide, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide on an inorganic refractory oxide support is prepared by depositing by means known in the art a metal oxide precursor salt on an inorganic refractory metal oxide which is not itself an acid cracking catalyst or by intimately mixing a metal oxide precursor salt with a refractory metal oxide support precursor salt, converting the salt or salts to the respective metal oxides and subjecting the resultant combination to steaming at elevated temperatures prior to use. Catalysts prepared in this manner exhibit enhanced activity and selectivity as compared to conventional acid catalysts. They also exhibit remarkable resistance to coke make.1. In an acid catalyst preparation method wherein a catalytic component is deposited upon an inorganic refractory metal oxide support which is not itself an acid cracking catalyst so as to result in a supported catalyst which is pretreated prior to use in acid catalyzed hydrocarbon conversion processes, the improvements comprising: (a) using as the catalytic component a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of the oxides of niobium, tungsten, and mixtures thereof, and tungsten or niobium oxides in combination with one or more additional metal oxides selected from the group consisting of tantalum oxide, hafnium oxide, chromium oxide, titanium oxide and zirconium oxide, and (b) subjecting the supported catalyst prior to use to a steam atmosphere at a temperature of from 600° to 1200° C.","label":"Process","id":838} +{"sentence":"High strength, nanoporous bodies reinforced with fibrous materialsThis invention discloses improvements that can be achieved in thermal or mechanical performance of aerogel composites via densification. Densified aerogels and aerogel composites can display higher compressive strength, modulus, flexural strength, and maintains or insubstantially increases the thermal conductivity relative to the pre-densified form. In the special case of fiber reinforced aerogel composites densification via mechanical compression can prove highly beneficial.1. A Method of processing an aerogel composite comprising the steps of: providing an aerogel composite comprising an aerogel material reinforced with a fibrous material, and mechanically compressing the composite aerogel, thereby substantially increasing the density of the composite by a factor of up to 10 wherein the thermal conductivity of the aerogel composite is lowered or substantially unchanged.","label":"IndustConst","id":839} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic elastomer polyolefin in-reactor blends and molded articles therefromThis invention relates to an in-reactor polymer blend comprising: (a) a first ethylene-containing polymer having a density of greater than 0.90 g\/cm3and a Mw of more than 20,000 g\/mol and (b) a second ethylene-containing polymer having a density of less than 0.90 g\/cm3, wherein the polymer blend has a Tm of at least 90° C. (DSC second melt), a density of less than 0.92 g\/cm3, and the densities of the first and second polymers differ by at least 1%. Specifically this invention relates to an in-reactor polymer blend comprising: (a) a first ethylene polymer comprising 90 to 100 wt % ethylene and from 0 to less than 10 wt % comonomer, said first ethylene polymer component having density of greater than 0.920 g\/cm3, an Mw of 20,000 g\/mol or more; and (b) a second ethylene polymer comprising from 70 to 90 wt % ethylene and 30 to 10 wt % comonomer, said second ethylene polymer having a density of 0.910 g\/cm3or less, wherein the polymer blend has: (a) a Tm of at least 100° C. over a density ranging from 0.84 to 0.92 g\/cm3; (b) a elongation at break of 300% or more; (c) a strain hardening index M300\/M100 of at least 1.2; (d) a ratio of complex viscosity at 0.01 rad\/s to the viscosity at 100 rad\/s is of at least 30; and (e) a shear thinning slope of the plot of log(dynamic viscosity) versus log(frequency) less than −0.2.1. An in-reactor polymer blend comprising: (a) a first ethylene polymer comprising 90 to 100 wt % ethylene and from 0 to less than 10 wt % comonomer, said first ethylene polymer component having density of greater than 0.920 g\/cm3, an Mw of 20,000 g\/mol or more; and (b) a second ethylene polymer comprising from 70 to 90 wt % ethylene and 30 to 10 wt % comonomer, said second ethylene polymer having a density of 0.910 g\/cm3or less, wherein the polymer blend has: (1) a Tm of at least 100° C. over a density ranging from 0.84 to 0.92 g\/cm3; (2) a elongation at break of 300% or more; (3) a strain hardening index M300\/M100 of at least 1.2; (4) a ratio of complex viscosity at 0.01 rad\/s to the viscosity at 100 rad\/s is of at least 30; and (5) a shear thinning slope of the plot of log(dynamic viscosity) versus log(frequency) less than −0.2.","label":"HouseConst","id":840} +{"sentence":"Styrene copolymer compositions having an improved glossThermoplastic copolymer compositions which contain 50 to 82 wt.-% of a SAN copolymer AI and 15 to 55 wt.-% of a graft copolymer A2, which has an average particle size of 50 to 150 nm and is constituted of at least one rubber-like graft base with a glass transition temperature Tg<0° C., at least one alkyl acrylate, the cyclic cross-linking agent dicyclopentadienyl acrylate and a non-cyclic, additional cross-linking agent, and of 20 to 40 wt.-% of at least one graft shell composed of styrene and acrylonitrile; and auxiliary agents and\/or additives, have improved gloss when exposed to weathering.1. A thermoplastic copolymer composition comprising the following components: 50-82% by weight of an SAN copolymer A1, formed from: A11 60 to 70% by weight of an optionally substituted styrene, A12 30 to 35% by weight of acrylonitrile, A13 0 to 10% by weight of a further copolymerizable monomer; 15-55% by weight of a graft copolymer A2 having a mean particle size of 50 to 150 nm, formed from: A21 60-80% by weight of at least one graft base having a glass transition temperature Tg<0° C.: A211 80-99% by weight of at least one C2-C4-alkyl acrylate, A212 0.5 to 2.5% by weight of cyclic dicyclopentadienyl acrylate crosslinker (C1), A213 0.1 to 2.0% by weight of an acyclic further crosslinker (C2) comprising at least two functional groups wherein the acyclic further crosslinker (C2) is allyl methacrylate, A214 0 to 18% by weight of a further copolymerizable monomer; A22 20-40% by weight of at least one graft shell consisting of: A221 71 to 80% by weight of an optionally substituted styrene, A222 20 to 29% by weight of acrylonitrile, A223 0 to 9% by weight of a further copolymerizable monomer; and 0-5% by weight of assistants and\/or additives C.","label":"Automobile","id":841} +{"sentence":"Process for producing modified polymer, modified polymer obtained by the process, and rubber compositionThe present invention relates to a process for producing a modified polymer, comprising modifying a polymer having an active site of an organometal type in a molecule by reacting the site thereof with a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound and adding a condensation accelerator to the reaction system in the middle of the above reaction and\/or after completion thereof and a rubber composition comprising the modified polymer obtained by the process described above, preferably a rubber composition comprising 100 parts by weight of (A) a rubber component containing at least 30% by weight of the above modified polymer and 10 to 100 parts by weight of (B) silica and\/or carbon black.1. A process for producing a modified polymer, comprising a first and second modification process, the first modification process comprising modifying a polymer produced by anionic polymerization using an alkaline metal compound and\/or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator and having an active site of an organometal in a molecule by reacting the site thereof with a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound, and the second modification process comprising adding a condensation accelerator to the reaction system in the middle of the above reaction, or adding a condensation accelerator to the reaction system in the middle of the above reaction and after the completion thereof, the condensation accelerator accelerates condensation of the modified polymer resulting in a condensed polymer, the condensed polymer being recovered from the system, wherein the polymer described above is a polymer obtained by homopolymerizing a conjugated diene compound or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with at least one additional monomer, and the hydrocarbyloxysilane compound described above used for the modification is at least one selected from a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound represented by Formula (I) and\/or a partial condensation product thereof; (wherein A1represents a monovalent group having at least one functional group selected from (thio)epoxy, (thio)isocyanate, (thio)ketone, (thio)aldehyde, imine, amide, trihydrocarbyl isocyanurate, (thio)carboxylates, metal salts of (thio)carboxylates, carboxylic anhydrides, carboxylic halides and dihydrocarbyl carbonate; R1represents a single bond or a divalent inactive hydrocarbon group; R2and R3each represent independently a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms; n is an integer of 0 to 2, and when a plurality of OR3is present, a plurality OR3may be the same as or different from each other; and an active proton and an onium salt are not contained in the molecule), and a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound represented by Formula (II) and\/or a partial condensation product thereof; (wherein A2represents a monovalent group having at least on functional group selected from cyclic tertiary amine, non-cyclic tertiary amine, nitrile, pyridine, sulfide and multisulfide; R4represents a single bond or a divalent inactive hydrocarbon group; R5and R6each represent independently a monovalent aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a monovalent aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms; m is an integer of 0 to 2, and when a plurality of OR6is present, a plurality OR6may be the same as or different from each other; and an active proton and an onium salt are not contained in the molecule).","label":"Automobile","id":842} +{"sentence":"Purification of ammonia by distillationCrude ammonia is separated into a low boiler fraction, a high boiler fraction and an intermediate-boiling pure fraction by continuous fractional distillation in a distillation apparatus configured either as a dividing wall column or as a system of thermally coupled distillation columns. In the process of the present invention, the low boiler fraction is taken off at the top of the distillation apparatus. The intermediate-boiling pure fraction is obtained at a side offtake which is preferably provided with droplet precipitators. In addition, the gas loading of the distillation column is restricted so that the operating pressure is in the range from 2 to 30 bar and the F factor does not exceed 2.0 Pa0.5.1. A process for the continuously operated fractional distillation of crude ammonia to give a low boiler fraction, a high boiler fraction and an intermediate-boiling pure fraction in a distillation apparatus configured either as a dividing wall column or as a system of thermally coupled distillation columns, wherein the low boiler fraction is taken off at the top of the distillation apparatus, the intermediate-boiling pure fraction is obtained at a side offtake and the gas loading of the distillation column is restricted so that the operating pressure is in the range from 2 to 30 bar and the measure of the loading due to the gas stream in the column, as defined by unit length per unit time multiplied by the root of the total density of the gas, does not exceed 2.0 Pa0.5.","label":"Process","id":843} +{"sentence":"Method and compositions for enhancing blood absorbence by superabsorbent materialsThe blood absorbence properties, e.g., free swell blood absorbence capacity and after load blood absorbence capacity of superabsorbent materials is enhanced by combining the superabsorbent materials with enhancing agents which serve to enhance the blood absorbent properties thereof. The enhancing agents can be applied to the superabsorbent materials or they can be provided on a fibrous material to be combined with the superabsorbent materials. The enhancing agents are selected from materials that include functionalities that allow them to hydrogen bond to the superabsorbent material when the enhancing agent is applied directly thereto or combined with materials to which the enhancing agents have been applied.1. A modified superabsorbent material for absorbing blood, comprising: a superabsorbent material; and an enhancing agent applied to the superabsorbent material as a liquid for increasing the blood absorbence properties of the superabsorbent material, the enhancing agent being propylene glycol and being at least partially bonded to the superabsorbent material through hydrogen bonds or coordinate covalent bonds in the absence of covalent bonds between the enhancing agent and the superabsorbent material, and the enhancing agent being present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to 10% of the total weight of the superabsorbent material.","label":"Household","id":844} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with polyoxime compounds and methods for their manufactureA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of polymerizing monomer to form a reactive polymer, and reacting the reactive polymer with a protected polyoxime compound.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer to form a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a protected polyoxime compound, where the protected polyoxime compound includes two or more protected oxime groups, and where the two or more protected oxime groups are defined by the formula: where R1is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group and R2is a monovalent organic group.","label":"Automobile","id":845} +{"sentence":"Blends of dibenzoate plasticizersPlasticizer blends comprise a triblend of diethylene glycol dibenzoate, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, and 1,2-propylene glycol dibenzoate, in specified ratios, useful in combination with a multitude of thermoplastic polymers, thermosetting polymers, and elastomeric polymers and numerous applications, including but not limited to plastisols, adhesives, sealants, caulks, architectural coatings, industrial coatings, OEM coatings, inks, overprint varnishes, polishes, and the like. The advantages rendered by the use of the triblend depend on the type of polymer and application in which it is utilized and include among other advantages higher solvating power and lower processing time, low VOC's, reduced plasticizer freeze point, improved gelation and fusion characteristics, higher tensile strength, superior stain and extraction resistance, and improved rheology over traditional diblends of diethylene glycol dibenzoate and dipropylene glycol dibenzoate.1. A plasticizer triblend composition comprising: a. diethylene glycol dibenzoate present in amounts of at least about 60 wt. %, b. dipropylene glycol dibenzoate present in amounts of at least about 15 wt. %, and c. 1, 2- propylene glycol dibenzoate present in amounts of at least about 20 wt. %, based upon the total weight of the triblend composition, wherein the triblend is useful either alone as a primary plasticizer or as a specialty blending plasticizer to improve compatibility and processability of poor solvating plasticizers.","label":"HouseConst","id":846} +{"sentence":"Process for producing vinyl chloride-based polymersA process for producing a vinyl chloride-based polymer, which comprises suspension polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer or a vinyl chloride-containing monomeric mixture in an aqueous medium in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, wherein the initiator comprises (A) at least one compound having a 10-hour half-life temperature, at a concentration of 0.1 mol\/l in benzene, of not lower than 35° C., and (B) at least one compound having a 10-hour half-life temperature, at a concentration of 0.1 mol\/l in benzene, of lower than 35° C., with the amount of the initiator (B) being from 0.01 to 0.07% by weight based on the monomer or monomeric mixture and being from 10 to 30% by weight based on the total amount of the initiators (A) and (B). The process makes it possible to shorten easily the time required for raising temperature, and to produce vinyl chloride-based polymers which have a good particle size distribution and which have few fish eyes when formed into sheets or the like.1. A process for producing a vinyl chloride-based polymer, which comprises suspension polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer or a vinyl chloride-containing monomeric mixture in an aqueous medium in the presence of an oil-soluble polymerization initiator, wherein said oil-soluble polymerization initiator consists essentially of (A) at least one compound having a 10-hour half-life temperature, at a concentration of 0.1 mol\/l in benzene, of not lower than 35° C. selected from the group consisting of peroxycarbonate compounds and peroxyester compounds, and (B) isobutyryl peroxide, said oil-soluble initiator (B) being present in an amount ranging form 0.01 to 0.04% by weight based on the amount of said monomer or monomeric mixture and ranging from 10 to 30% by weight based on the total amount of said oil-soluble initiators (A) and (B).","label":"HouseConst","id":847} +{"sentence":"Zwitterionic copolymers, method of making and use on medical devicesBiocompatible copolymers are manufactured to include a zwitterionic monomer and an alkoxy acrylate monomer. The alkoxy acrylate monomer can be a 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate (MOEMA) or 2-ethoxyethyl methacrylate (EOEMA). Alternatively, the alkoxy acrylate can be 2-methoxyethyl acrylate (MOEA) or 2-ethoxyethyl acrylate (EOEA). The alkoxy acrylate monomers advantageously give the zwitterionic copolymers greater ductility, strength, and toughness while maintaining a desired amount of hydrophilicity. The improved toughness allows the zwitterionic copolymers to be processed without cross-linking, which improves the elongation properties of the zwitterionic copolymer, and reduces the risk of cracking during use.1. A biocompatible polymer of the chemical formula: in which, R1 and R2 are independently a hydrogen or methyl; R3 is a zwitterion group having the formula: in which A5is selected from the group consisting of —O—, —S— and —NH—; R16is selected from the group consisting of alkanediyl, —C(O)alkylene- and —C(O)NHalkylene-; the R317groups are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, 1 to 4 carbon atoms or, taken together with the nitrogen to which they are bonded , a heterocyclic ring of 5 to 7 atoms; R5 is an ethyl or methyl; n is in an range from about 0.01 to about 0.75; and m is in a range from about 0.25 to about 0.99.","label":"Household","id":848} +{"sentence":"Heat recovery system series arrangementsThe present disclosure is directed to heat recovery systems that employ two or more organic Rankine cycle (ORC) units disposed in series. According to certain embodiments, each ORC unit includes an evaporator that heats an organic working fluid, a turbine generator set that expands the working fluid to generate electricity, a condenser that cools the working fluid, and a pump that returns the working fluid to the evaporator. The heating fluid is directed through each evaporator to heat the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit, and the cooling fluid is directed through each condenser to cool the working fluid circulating within each ORC unit. The heating fluid and the cooling fluid flow through the ORC units in series in the same or opposite directions.1. A system comprising: a first organic Rankine cycle unit comprising a first closed loop, a first organic working fluid, a first preheater, and a first evaporator, the first organic Rankine cycle unit configured to circulate the first organic working fluid within the first closed loop through a first turbine and a first pump; a second organic Rankine cycle unit comprising a second closed loop, a second organic working fluid, a second preheater, and a second evaporator, the second organic Rankine cycle unit configured to circulate the second organic working fluid within the second closed loop through a second turbine and a second pump, wherein the first organic working fluid and the second organic working fluid have the same composition; a heating fluid circuit comprising a heating fluid, wherein the heating fluid circuit is directly coupled to the first preheater of the first organic Rankine cycle unit, the first evaporator of the first organic Rankine cycle unit, the second preheater of the second organic Rankine cycle unit, and the second evaporator of the second organic Rankine cycle unit to vaporize the first organic working fluid and the second organic working fluid; and a cooling fluid circuit comprising a cooling fluid and configured to circulate the cooling fluid through the first organic Rankine cycle unit and the second organic Rankine cycle unit to cool the first organic working fluid and the second organic working fluid; wherein the first organic Rankine cycle unit and the second organic Rankine cycle unit are disposed in series with respect to the heating fluid circuit and the cooling fluid circuit, wherein the heating fluid circuit and the cooling fluid circuit are configured to direct the heating fluid and the cooling fluid, respectively, through the first organic Rankine cycle unit and the second organic Rankine cycle unit in a series counterflow arrangement, and wherein the heating fluid circuit is configured to direct the heating fluid in series through the first evaporator of the first organic Rankine cycle unit, the first preheater of the first organic Rankine cycle unit, the second evaporator of the second organic Rankine cycle unit, and the second preheater of the second organic Rankine cycle unit.","label":"Process","id":849} +{"sentence":"POLYETHYLENE COMPOSITION AND PIPE COMPRISING SUCH COMPOSITIONA pipe including polyethylene produced in the presence of a solid catalyst and a co-catalyst, wherein the solid catalyst is prepared by the steps of: (a) contacting a dehydrated support having hydroxyl groups with a compound of formula MgR1R2; (b) contacting the product of step (a) with modifying compounds (A), (B) and (C), wherein: (A) is carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, ketone, acyl halide, aldehyde or alcohol; (B) is of formula R11f(R12O)gSiXh wherein f, g and h 0 to 4 and the sum of f, g and h=4 provided that when h=4 then compound (A) is not an alcohol; (C) is a compound of formula (R13O)4M, wherein M is a titanium atom, a zirconium atom or a vanadium atom; and (c) contacting the product of step (b) with a titanium halide TiX4, whereby the polyethylene has a molecular weight of 720,000 to less than 2,500,000 g\/mol.1 . A pipe comprising polyethylene or a polyethylene composition comprising polyethylene and carbon black, wherein the polyethylene is produced in the presence of a solid catalyst component and a co-catalyst, wherein the solid catalyst component is prepared by a process comprising the steps of: (a) contacting a dehydrated support having hydroxyl groups with a magnesium compound having the general formula MgR1R2, wherein R1and R2are the same or different and are independently selected from the group comprising an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkadienyl group, aryl group, alkaryl group, alkenylaryl group and alkadienylaryl group; (b) contacting the product obtained in step (a) with modifying compounds (A), (B) and (C), wherein: (A) is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of carboxylic acid, carboxylic acid ester, ketone, acyl halide, aldehyde and alcohol; (B) is a compound having the general formula R11f(R12O)gSiXh, wherein f, g and h are each integers from 0 to 4 and the sum of f, g and h is equal to 4 with a proviso that when h is equal to 4 then modifying compound (A) is not an alcohol, Si is a silicon atom, O is an oxygen atom, X is a halide atom and R11and R12are the same or different and are independently selected from the group comprising an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkadienyl group, aryl group, alkaryl group, alkenylaryl group and alkadienylaryl group; (C) is a compound having the general formula (R13O)4M, wherein M is a titanium atom, a zirconium atom or a vanadium atom, O is an oxygen atom and R13is selected from the group comprising an alkyl group, alkenyl group, alkadienyl group, aryl group, alkaryl group, alkenylaryl group and alkadienylaryl group; and (c) contacting the product obtained in step (b) with a titanium halide compound having the general formula TiX4, wherein Ti is a titanium atom and X is a halide atom, whereby the polyethylene has a molecular weight Mz+1 of at least 720,000 g\/mol and less than 2,500,000 g\/mol.","label":"Construct","id":850} +{"sentence":"Polyolefin adhesive compositionThe invention provides an adhesive formulation comprising an olefin block copolymer comprising hard blocks and soft blocks wherein the hard blocks comprise 4-8 mol % comonomer; and are present in an amount of 20 wt %-45 wt %. This formulation is particularly advantageous for use in hot melt adhesives but may be used in other applications as well.1. Adhesive composition comprising: a. olefin block copolymer comprising ethylene and an alpha-olefin comonomer, wherein the olefin block copolymer comprises: 1) hard blocks, wherein the hard blocks comprise 1-8 mol % comonomer; and wherein the hard blocks are present in an amount of 20 wt %-45 wt %, by weight of the olefin block copolymer; 2) soft blocks, wherein the soft blocks comprise 10-14 mol % comonomer; and wherein the olefin block copolymer has a Mw of 15,000 g\/mol-100,000 g\/mol, a total crystallinity of 5 wt %-30 wt %, a Tm of 60° C. to 105° C., and, a Tc of 45° C. to 100° C., b. tackifier; and, c. oil.","label":"HouseConst","id":851} +{"sentence":"Process for producing diene rubbers polymerized by means of Nd catalysts and exhibiting reduced cold flow and low intrinsic odorThe production of diene rubbers polymerized by means of Nd catalysts and having reduced cold flow and low intrinsic odor is effected by the polymerization of diolefines adiabatically at temperatures of -20° to 150° C. in the presence of inert organic solvents and in the presence of metallo-organic mixed catalysts based on neodymium carboxylate, by subsequently depressurizing the reaction mixture obtained in this manner by reducing the pressure, and by treating the reaction mixture thereafter with disulphur dichloride, sulphur dichloride and\/or thionyl chloride.1. A process for producing diene rubbers by polymerization with Nd catalysts and which exhibit reduced cold flow and low intrinsic odor, comprising the steps of polymerizing diolefines adiabatically at temperatures of -20° C. to 150° C. in the presence of inert organic solvents and in the presence of metallo-organic mixed catalysts based on neodymium carboxylate, subsequently depressurizing the reaction mixture obtained in this manner by reducing the pressure, and thereafter treating the reaction mixture with disulphur dichloride, sulphur dichloride and\/or thionyl chloride.","label":"Automobile","id":852} +{"sentence":"Impact-modified poly(vinyl chloride) exhibiting improved low-temperature fusionPoly(vinyl chloride), when impact modified with a core\/shell acrylic impact modifier whose shell is predominantly formed from 50-90 parts of polymerized units of methyl methacrylate and 10-50 parts of polymeric units of a C2-C8alkyl acrylate and whose core is a crosslinked copolymer mainly of polymeric units of butyl acrylate, exhibits improved fusion behavior, allowing conversion to an intimate, fused, processable blend at lower temperatures and faster rates, than when the shell of the impact modifier is substantially formed from methyl methacrylate alone.1. A process for the fusion into an intimate blend of a composition comprising (A) 100 parts of a polymer of vinyl chloride; (B) from 0.5 to 10 parts of at least one stabilizer against thermal decomposition of the homopolymer of vinyl chloride: (C) from 1 to 25 parts of a core\/shell polymer comprising: (i) from 60 to 90 parts, based on 100 parts of the core\/shell polymer, of a core of a copolymer of butyl acrylate of the composition, based on 100 parts of the core, of a) 60 to 99.9 parts of polymerized units of n-butyl acrylate; b) from 0 to 39.9 parts of polymerized units of an alkyl acrylate other than n-butyl acrylate, the alkyl group containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms; c) from 0.1 to 2.5 parts of polymerized units of at least one non-conjugated polyunsaturated monomer; (ii) correspondingly, from 10 to 40 parts, based on 100 parts of the core\/shell polymer, of a shell of copolymer of the composition, based on 100 parts of the shell, of a) from 50 to 90 parts of polymerized units of methyl methacrylate; b) from 10 to 50 parts of polymerized units of at least one monoethylenically unsaturated alkyl acrylate, the alkyl group containing 2 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein the fusion is characterized by 1) a pre-fusion torque value at least 15% higher than that for a control composition equivalent in all respects except that the composition of the shell is at least 95 parts of polymerized units of methyl methacrylate, based on 100 parts of the shell; 2) a time to fusion torque no longer than for the control composition; 3) maintenance of color at least equivalent to that of the control composition, the process comprising (D) combining the polymer of vinyl chloride, the stabilizer, and the core\/shell polymer into a non-compacted blend; (E) heating and admixing with shear the non-compacted blend to convert it to a fused, intimate, cohesive but non-homogenous melt; (F) melt-processing and then cooling the melt to form a useful object in the form of an extruded object, an injection-molded object, a calendered sheet or film, a compression-molded object, an extruded chopped strand, or re-processable pellets.","label":"IndustConst","id":853} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing water absorbent resin with high performanceThe present invention relates to a process for preparing a water absorbent resin, particularly to a process for preparing a water absorbent resin which can resolve the uneven size of the fine pulverized gel-type resin and long pulverizing time those are the problems of prior process for preparing the water absorbent resin, by carrying out the pulverizing process of the gel-type resin divided into the coarse pulverizing process which is carried out with the internal cross-linking polymerization, and the fine pulverizing process. According to the preparation process, it is possible to mass-produce the water absorbent resin showing excellent absorption under pressure and low extractable content.1. A process for preparing a water absorbent resin, comprising the steps of: (a) coarse pulverizing a gel-type resin while internal cross-linking and polymerizing the gel-type resin from an aqueous solution of a partially neutralized acrylic acid-based monomer having an acid group, in the presence of a first cross-linking agent, so as to form a coarse pulverized gel-type resin having the size of 3 to 150 mm; (b) fine pulverizing the coarse pulverized gel-type resin so as to prepare a fine gel-type resin having the size of 1 to 20 mm; (c) drying the fine gel-type resin; (d) milling the dried fine gel-type resin and fractionating the same so as to prepare a base resin powder comprising particles having the size of 100 to 850 μm in an amount of 70 weight % or more; and (e) surface cross-linking the base resin powder with a second cross-linking agent so as to prepare the water absorbent resin.","label":"Household","id":854} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic moulding materials having little hazeThe thermoplastic molding material contains a mixture of (A) from 10 to 60% by weight of a methyl methacrylate polymer, (B) from 10 to 70% by weight of a copolymer of a vinyl aromatic monomer and vinyl cyanide (C) from 15 to 50% by weight of a graft copolymer obtainable from a core (C1) comprising a 1,3-diene and a vinyl aromatic monomer, a first graft shell (C2) comprising a vinyl aromatic monomer, a C1-C8-alkyl ester of methacrylic acid and a crosslinking monomer and a second graft shell (C3) comprising a C1-C8-alkyl ester of methacrylic acid and a C1-C8-alkyl ester of acrylic acid, and (D) if required, conventional additives, the stated percentages of A, B and C in the mixture summing to 100% by weight.1. A thermoplastic molding material containing a mixture of (A) from 10 to 60% by weight of a methyl methacrylate polymer obtainable by polymerizing a mixture consisting of (A1) from 90 to 100% by weight, based on (A), of methyl methacrylate and (A2) from 0 to 10% by weight, based on (A), of a C1-C8- alkyl ester of acrylic acid and (B) from 10 to 70% by weight of a copolymer obtainable by polymerizing a mixture consisting of (B1) from 75 to 88% by weight, based on (B), of a vinyl-aromatic monomer and (B2) from 12 to 25% by weight, based on (B), of a vinyl cyanide and (C) from 15 to 50% by weight of a graft copolymer obtainable from (C1) from 40 to 80% by weight, based on (C), of a core obtainable by polymerizing a monomer mixture consisting of (C11) from 65 to 90% by weight of a 1,3-diene and (C12) from 10 to 35% by weight of a vinylaromatic monomer and (C2) from 10 to 30% by weight, based on (C), of a first graft shell obtainable by polymerizing a monomer mixture consisting of (where the individual stated percentages C21, C22 and C23 sum to 100% by weight) (C21) from 30 to 60% by weight of a vinylaromatic monomer, (C22) from 40 to 60% by weight of a C1-C8-alkyl ester of methacrylic acid and (C23) from 0 to 2% by weight of a crosslinking monomer and (C3) from 10 to 30% by weight, based on (C), of a second graft shell obtainable by polymerizing a monomer mixture consisting of (C31) from 70 to 98% by weight of a C1-C8-alkyl ester of methacrylic acid and (C32) from 2 to 30% by weight of a C1-C8-alkyl ester of acrylic acid, the individual stated percentages of A, B and C in the mixture summing to 100% by weight, and (D) optionally, conventional additives in amounts of up to 20% by weight, based on the sum of the components A, B and C, with the provisos that the ratio of (C2) to (C3) is from 2:1 to 1:2, the refractive index of the first graft shell (nD-C2) is greater than the refractive index of the second graft shell (nD-C3) and the refractive index of the total graft shell (nD-C2+nD-C3) is less than the refractive index of the core (nD-C1), the magnitude of the difference between the refractive index of the total component C (nD-C) and that of the total matrix (nD-A+nD-B) is less than or equal to 0.02.","label":"Automobile","id":855} +{"sentence":"Method for production of particulate hydrogel polymer and absorbent resinA method for the production of a particulate hydrogel polymer by the exposure of a hydrogel polymer possessing a cross-linked structure to shear force in a vessel thereby finely dividing said hydrogel polymer, which method comprises exerting shear force repeatedly on said hydrogel polymer while keeping said hydrogel polymer at a temperature in the range of from 40° to 110° C. under a mechanical pressure in the range of from 0.01 to 1.5 kg\/cm2,and method for the production of an absorbent resin comprising drying the resultant particulate hydrogel polymer.1. A method for the production of a particulate hydrogel polymer by the exposure of a hydrogel polymer possessing a cross-linked structure to shear force in a vessel thereby finely dividing said hydrogel polymer, which method comprises exerting shear force repeatedly on said hydrogel polymer while keeping said hydrogel polymer at a temperature in the range of from 40° to 110° C. and applying a load on said hydrogel polymer in the range of from 0.01 to 1.5 kg\/cm2,wherein said vessel has an inner volume 1.1 to 1.8 times the volume of said hydrogel polymer.","label":"Household","id":856} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for olefin polymerization and method of polymerization of olefinThe present invention provides a catalyst for olefin polymerization having high olefin polymerization activity without being accompanied by generation of an adhered polymer on the wall of a polymerization reactor and the wall of pipe line and generation of a locking massive polymer, and capable of manufacturing an olefin polymer industrially and stably for a long period of time. That is, the present invention related to a catalyst for olefin polymerization comprising [A1] a hafnium compound or a zirconium compound having at least one conjugated 5-membered ring ligand, [A2] a zirconium compound having at least one conjugated 5-membered ring ligand but different from [A1], and [B] phyllosilicate, and relates to a method of polymerizing or copolymerizing olefin in the presence of the catalyst.1. A method of polymerization of olefins, which comprises: copolymerizing ethylene and an α-olefin in the presence of a catalyst for olefin polymerization containing (A1) a hafnium compound or a zirconium compound having at least one conjugated 5-membered ring ligand, (A2) a zirconium compound having at least one conjugated 5-membered ring ligand having formula (5) below, but different from zirconium compound (A1), wherein, in formula (5), A and A′, which are the same or different, each represents a ligand having a conjugated 5-membered ring structure, and X and Y, which are the same or different, each represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group, an alkoxy group, an amino group, a phosphorus-containing hydrocarbon group, or a silicon-containing hydrocarbon group, which are bonded to Zr, and (B) a phyllosilicate.","label":"Catalyst","id":857} +{"sentence":"Tire with a component made of a rubber composition comprised of rubbers having pendant hydroxyl groupsThe present invention is directed to a tire comprising at least one component comprising (A) a first copolymer rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 10 to 99 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) 0 to 70 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one co-monomer selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas I: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein R1 represents a saturated alcohol group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and (B) a second copolymer rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 10 to 99 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) 0 to 70 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one co-monomer selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas I: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein R1 represents a saturated alcohol group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein the first and second copolymer have a difference in glass transition temperatures ranging from 30° C. to 60° C.1. A rubber composition comprising (A) a first copolymer rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 10 to 99 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) 0 to 70 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one co-monomer selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas I: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein R1 represents a saturated alcohol group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and (B) a second copolymer rubber comprised of repeat units derived from (1) 10 to 99 weight percent of a conjugated diene monomer which contains from 4 to 8 carbon atoms; (2) 0 to 70 weight percent of a vinyl substituted aromatic monomer; and (3) 1 to 20 weight percent of at least one co-monomer selected from the group consisting of the following general formulas I: wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein R1 represents a saturated alcohol group containing from 1 to 8 carbon atoms; wherein the first and second copolymer rubbers have a difference in glass transition temperatures ranging from 30° C. to 60° C.","label":"IndustConst","id":858} +{"sentence":"METHODS AND KITS FOR DIAGNOSING ULCERATIVE COLITIS IN A SUBJECTThe present invention relates to methods and kits for diagnosing ulcerative colitis in a subject. In particular, the present invention relates to a method for diagnosing ulcerative colitis in a subject comprising the steps consisting of determining in a sample obtained from the subject the expression level of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of ADH4, ADH6, ADHFE1, AKR1A1, AKR7A2, ALDH1A3, ALDH1L1, ALDH7A1, AOX1, BCHE, CBR3, CES1, CYP1B1, CYP2E1, CYP2W1, CYP4F11, CYP51A1, ESD, KCNAB2, COMT, GSTA4, GSTP1, INMT, MGST2, SULT2A1, TPMT, UGT1A4, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, ABCA1, ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC10, ABCC5, ABCC6, ABCG2, ATP7A, SLC1A3, SLC7A5, SLC10A2, SLC15A1, SLC15A2, SLC19A2, SLC19A3, SLC22A3, SLC28A3, SLC29A2, SLC38A1, SLC38A5, SLC47A1, SLCO2B1, SLCO4C1, ARNT, FOXO1, HIF3A, NCOA2, NCOR2, NR1H3, NR3C1, PPARD, PPARGC1A, RARB, RXRB, and THRB.1 . A method for diagnosing ulcerative colitis in a subject comprising the steps of i) determining in a sample obtained from the subject an expression level of at least one gene selected from the group consisting of ADH4, ADH6, ADHFE1, AKR1A1, AKR7A2, ALDH1A3, ALDH1L1, ALDH7A1, AOX1, BCHE, CBR3, CES1, CYP1B1, CYP2E1, CYP2W1, CYP4F11, CYP51A1, ESD, KCNAB2, COMT, GSTA4, GSTP1, INMT, MGST2, SULT2A1, TPMT, UGT1A4, UGT1A9, UGT2B7, ABCA1, ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCC1, ABCC10, ABCC5, ABCC6, ABCG2, ATP7A, SLC1A3, SLC7A5, SLC10A2, SLC15A1, SLC15A2, SLC19A2, SLC19A3, SLC22A3, SLC28A3, SLC29A2, SLC38A1, SLC38A5, SLC47A1, SLCO2B1, SLCO4C1, ARNT, FOXO1, HIF3A, NCOA2, NCOR2, NR1H3, NR3C1, PPARD, PPARGC1A, RARB, RXRB, and THRB, ii) comparing the expression level determined at step i) with a reference value and iii) concluding that the subject suffers from ulcerative colitis when one or both of the following are found: the expression determined at step i) is higher than the reference value for at least one gene selected from the group consisting of ADH6, AKR1A1, AKR7A2, ALDH1L1, ALDH7A1, CBR3, CES1, CYP51A1, ESD, KCNAB2, COMT, GSTA4, GSTP1, MGST2, UGT2B7, ABCC1, SLC28A3, SLC29A2, SLC38A1, and SLC38A5, and the expression determined at step at step i) is lower than the reference value for at least one gene selected from the group consisting of ADH4, ADHFE1, ALDH1A3, AOX1, BCHE, CYP1B1, CYP2E1, CYP2W1, CYP4F11, INMT, SULT2A1, TPMT, UGT1A4, UGT1A9, ABCA1, ABCA2, ABCB1, ABCC10, ABCC5, ABCC6, ABCG2, ATP7A, SLC1A3, SLC7A5, SLC10A2, SLC15A1, SLC15A2, SLC19A2, SLC19A3, SLC22A3, SLC47A1, SLCO2B1, SLCO4C1, ARNT, FOXO1, HIF3A, NCOA2, NCOR2, NR1H3, NR3C1, PPARD, PPARGC1A, RARB, RXRB, and THRB.","label":"Automobile","id":859} +{"sentence":"Production method for water-absorbing resin powderA method for producing a water-absorbing resin comprises circulation of the water-absorbing resin in a predetermined amount in a pulverization step before a surface cross-linking step. At least a part of a classified polymer is supplied again to the same or a different pulverization step before the surface cross-linking step, wherein the circulation pulverization ratio in the pulverization step, represented by the following equation, is 1.10 to 1.50: (Circulation pulverization ratio)=(total supply amount of the water-absorbing resin to the pulverization step)\/(total discharge amount of the water-absorbing resin at the drying step) wherein (total supply amount of the water-absorbing resin to the pulverization step)=(total discharge amount of the water-absorbing resin at the drying step)+(amount of the classified polymer supplied again to the same or a different pulverization step).1. A method for producing water-absorbing resin powder, comprising sequentially: a polymerization step for polymerizing an aqueous solution of acrylic acid (salt) to obtain a hydrogel-like cross-linked polymer; a drying step for drying the obtained hydrogel-like cross-linked polymer to obtain a dried polymer; a pulverization step for pulverizing the obtained dried polymer with a pulverizing means to obtain a pulverized polymer; a classification step for classifying the obtained pulverized polymer to obtain a classified polymer; and a surface cross-linking step for surface cross-linking the obtained classified polymer; characterized in that, at least a part of the classified polymer is supplied again to the same or a different pulverization step before the surface cross-linking step, the classified polymer thus obtained containing particles coarser than objective particles, wherein classifying is performed by sieving the pulverized polymer through two or more sieves, each sieve having a different mesh size; the pulverized polymer not passing through any of the sieves is subjected to the pulverization step again, the pulverized polymer passing through all of the sieves is recycled for drying, and a circulation pulverization ratio in the pulverization step, represented by the following equation is 1.10 to 1.50: (Circulation pulverization ratio)=(total supply amount of the water-absorbing resin to the pulverization step)\/(total discharge amount of the water-absorbing resin at the drying step)  [EXPRESSION 1] wherein (total supply amount of the water-absorbing resin to the pulverization step)=(total discharge amount of the water-absorbing resin at the drying step)+(amount of the classified polymer supplied again to the same or different pulverization step).","label":"Household","id":860} +{"sentence":"Process for production of water-absorbing resin particlesA process for producing a water-absorbent resin particle comprising subjecting a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to a reverse phase suspension polymerization, characterized in that the process for producing a water-absorbent resin particle comprises the steps of (A) subjecting the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to a first-step reverse phase suspension polymerization in a hydrocarbon-based solvent using a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator in the presence of a surfactant and\/or a polymeric protective colloid, and optionally an internal crosslinking agent; (B) carrying out at least one step of the procedures of adding an aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator and optionally an internal crosslinking agent to a reaction mixture after the termination of the first-step reverse phase suspension polymerization in a state that the surfactant and\/or the polymeric protective colloid is dissolved in the hydrocarbon-based solvent, and subsequently subjecting the mixture to a reverse phase suspension polymerization; and (C) post-crosslinking the resulting water-absorbent resin.1. A process for producing a water-absorbent resin particle having an amount of water absorption of 300 to 800 g\/g and an average particle diameter of from 10 to 190 μm, said process comprising: (A) subjecting a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer to a first-step reverse phase suspension polymerization in a hydrocarbon-based solvent using a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator in the presence of a surfactant and\/or a polymeric protective colloid, and optionally an internal crosslinking agent; (B) carrying out at least a second-step reverse phase suspension polymerization by adding an aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer containing a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator and optionally an internal crosslinking agent to the reaction mixture after the termination of the first-step reverse phase suspension polymerization in a state that the surfactant and\/or the polymeric protective colloid is dissolved in the hydrocarbon-based solvent, and subsequently subjecting the mixture to at least said second-step reverse phase suspension polymerization, wherein a temperature of the reaction mixture before addition and after addition of the aqueous solution of a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is 30° to 60° C.; and (C) post-crosslinking the resulting water-absorbent resin, wherein the obtained water-absorbent resin particle has an amount of water absorption of 300 to 800 g\/g and an average particle diameter of from 10 to 190 μm.","label":"Household","id":861} +{"sentence":"Catalyst and process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of N-butenes to butadieneThe invention relates to a catalyst which comprises a catalytically active multimetal oxide which comprises molybdenum and at least one further metal has the general formula (I) Mo12BiaMnbCocFedX1eX2fOx  (I), where the variables have the following meanings: X1=Si and\/or Al; X2=Li, Na, K, Cs and\/or Rb; a=0.2 to 1; b=0 to 2; c=2 to 10; d=0.5 to 10; e=0 to 10; f=0 to 0.5; and x=is a number determined by the valence and abundance of the elements other than oxygen in (I).1. A catalyst which comprises a catalytically active multimetal oxide which comprises molybdenum and at least one further metal has the general formula (I) Mo12BiaMnbCocFedX1eX2fOx  (I), where the variables have the following meanings: X1=Si and\/or Al; X2=Li, Na, K, Cs and\/or Rb; a=0.2 to 1; b≧0 to 2; c=2 to 10; d=0.5 to 10; e=0 to 10; f=0 to 0.5; and x=is a number determined by the valence and abundance of the elements other than oxygen in (I).","label":"Catalyst","id":862} +{"sentence":"Method for simulating distilling plantAn object of the present invention is to provide a method for simulating a distillation apparatus having a coupling-type distillation column ( 10 ), the method speeding completion of simulation operation. The simulation for the distillation apparatus including a coupling-type distillation column ( 10 ) is performed by use of a simulation program for simulating a distillation apparatus including a main column ( 31 ) and a side column ( 32 ) in combination. The simulation method includes the steps of inputting a liquid distribution ratio of the distillation apparatus ( 10 ) as a liquid flow rate distribution ratio of the distillation apparatus at which liquid descending from the top of the main column ( 31 ) is divided into liquid descending along a feed side section of the main column ( 31 ) and liquid descending along a side-cut side section of the side column ( 32 ); calculating a vapor distribution ratio of the distillation apparatus ( 10 ), in accordance with the liquid distribution ratio, for dividing vapor ascending from the column bottom into vapor ascending along the feed side section and vapor ascending along the side-cut side section; and performing simulation operation.1 . A method for simulating a distillation apparatus including a coupling-type distillation column having a column body whose interior is divided by a partition into a first chamber and a second chamber, wherein a material liquid is fed to a side portion of the column body; a distillate is discharged from the top of the column body; a column-bottom liquid is discharged from the bottom of the column body; and a side cut liquid is discharged from a side portion of the column body; the simulation being performed by use of a simulation program for simulating a distillation apparatus including a main column and a side column in combination, wherein the top of the side column is connected to the main column at a first position provided in an upper section of the main column by means of a first liquid flow line and a first vapor flow line; the bottom of the side column is connected to the main column at a second position provided in a lower section of the main column by means of a second liquid flow line and a second vapor flow line; a material liquid is fed to a side portion of the main column; a distillate is discharged from the top of the main column; a column-bottom liquid is discharged from the bottom of the main column; and a side cut liquid is discharged from a side portion of the side column, the simulation method comprising the steps of: (a) inputting a liquid distribution ratio of the distillation apparatus at which liquid descending from the top of the coupling-type distillation column is distributed to the first chamber and the second chamber as a liquid flow rate distribution ratio of the distillation apparatus at which liquid descending from the top of the main column is divided into liquid descending along a feed side section of the main column and liquid fed to the side column through the first liquid flow line and descending along a side-cut side section of the side column; (b) calculating, in accordance with the liquid distribution ratio, a vapor distribution ratio of the distillation apparatus at which vapor ascending from the bottom of the coupling-type distillation column is distributed to the first chamber and the second chamber; (c) inputting the calculated vapor distribution ratio as an appropriate vapor flow distribution ratio of the distillation apparatus at which vapor ascending from the bottom of the column is divided into vapor ascending along the feed side section of the main column and vapor fed to the side column through the second vapor flow line and ascending along the side-cut side section of the side column; and (d) performing simulation operation.","label":"Process","id":863} +{"sentence":"Functionalized monomers for synthesis of rubbery polymersThis invention discloses a process for synthesizing an amine functionalized monomer that comprises (1) reacting a secondary amine with a 2,3-dihalopropene to produce a vinyl halide containing secondary amine having a structural formula selected from the group consisting of wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent allyl, alkoxyl or alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein X represents a halogen atom, and wherein m represents an integer from 4 to about 10, and wherein X represents a halogen atom; and (2) reacting the vinyl halide containing secondary amine with a vinyl magnesium halide to produce the monomer having a structural formula wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent alkyl, allyl or alkoxyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, and wherein m represents an integer from about 4 to about 10.1. A process for synthesizing a rubbery polymer that comprises copolymerizing at least one conjugated diolefin monomer and at least one functionalized monomer in an organic solvent at a temperature which is within the range of 20° C. to about 100° C., wherein the polymerization is initiated with an anionic initiator, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of an alkali alkoxide, and wherein the functionalized monomer has a structural formula selected from the group consisting of wherein n represents an integer from 0 to about 10 and wherein m represents an integer from 0 to about 10, with the proviso that the sum of n and m is at least 4; wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent allyl groups or alkoxy groups containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; wherein n represents an integer from 1 to about 10, and wherein R and R′ can be the same or different and represent alkyl groups containing from about 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; wherein n represents an integer from 1 to about 10 and wherein m represents an integer from 4 to about 10; wherein x represents an integer from about 1 to about 10, wherein n represents an integer from 0 to about 10 and wherein m represents an integer from 0 to about 10, with the proviso that the sum of n and m is at least 4; wherein R represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, wherein n represents an integer from 0 to about 10, and wherein m represents an integer from 0 to about 10, with the proviso that the sum of n and m is at least 4; and wherein n represents an integer from 0 to about 10, wherein m represents an integer from 0 to about 10, wherein x represents an integer from 1 to about 10, and wherein y represents an integer from 1 to about 10.","label":"Automobile","id":864} +{"sentence":"POLYOLEFIN AND PREPARATION METHOD THEREOFThe present invention relates to a polyolefin that has high environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR), a high impact property, and an excellent die swell property, and a method of preparing the same. According to the method of preparing polyolefin of the present invention, a supported hybrid metallocene catalyst and an alpha olefin comonomer having 4 or more carbon atoms are used to obtain polyolefin having the bimodal or multimodal molecular weight distribution curves during the single reactor polymerization. The polyolefin has excellent processability, a melt flow rate ratio (MFRR) that is useful to processing, excellent shapability, impact strength, tensile strength, in particular, environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) and full notch creep test (FNCT), thus being used to manufacture the blow molded product.1 . A polyolefin that has 1) a density in the range of 0.93 to 0.97 g\/cm3, 2) a BOCD (Broad Orthogonal Co-monomer Distribution) index in the range of 1 to 5, and 3) a molecular weight distribution (weight average molecular weight\/number average molecular weight) in the range of 4 to 10.","label":"HouseConst","id":865} +{"sentence":"Particulate water-absorbent resin composition and its production processAn object of the present invention is to provide a particulate water-absorbent resin composition and its production process, wherein the particulate water-absorbent resin composition is an enhanced one in both of the \"liquid permeability\" and \"liquid-sucking-up property\" (which have hitherto been antithetical physical properties) of the water-absorbent resin. As a means of achieving this object, a first particulate water-absorbent resin composition according to the present invention is a particulate water-absorbent resin composition comprising a water-absorbent resin (A) of a crosslinked structure obtained by polymerizing an acid-group-containing unsaturated monomer, with the composition being characterized by: having a particle size such that particles in the range of 850 to 150 μm (but not including 850 μm) account for not less than 90 weight % of the entirety; and containing a tetra- or more functional polyol (B) at least on surfaces.1. A particulate water-absorbent resin composition, which is a particulate water-absorbent resin composition comprising a water-absorbent resin (A) of a crosslinked structure obtained by polymerizing an acid-group-containing unsaturated monomer and surface-crosslinking the resulting resin, which composition has a particle size such that particles in the range of 850 to 150 μm, but not including 850 μm, account for not less than 90 weight % of the entirety, and which composition contains a tetra- or more functional polyol (B) at least on surfaces.","label":"Household","id":866} +{"sentence":"Polyoxometallate supported catalystsDisclosed are catalysts situated on a polyoxometallate support. Also disclosed are methods of preparing these catalysts and processes for the conversion of alkanes to unsaturated organic compounds using these catalysts.1. A catalyst composition comprising a catalyst situated on a polyoxometallate support; wherein the polyoxometallate support has the formula [Equation] QaH(e-az) (XkMm-xM1xM2nOy)-e (I) wherein Q, is a cation selected from potassium, rubidium, cesium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, transition metal, actinide metal, lanthanide metal, metal oxy ion, ammonium, tetraalkylammonium, pyridinium, quinolinium, protonated aromatic amines, protonated aliphatic arnines or mixtures thereof X is an element selected from Groups 3-16 elements; M=molybdenum, tungsten or a combination thereof; M1=vanadium; M2is a transition metal different from M and M1; z=the charge on Q; a is the number of cations Q; k=1 to 5; m=5 to 20; n=0 to 3, x=0 to 6; y=18 to 62; and e is the charge of the polyoxornetallate ion; and provided that the catalyst is not a heteropolyacid.","label":"Catalyst","id":867} +{"sentence":"Radiation-curable compound derived from a hydroxyalkylamideThe invention relates to a radiation curable compound being a mono or multi valent carboxylic ester of a compound containing a hydroxyalkylamidegroup and a hydroxygroup in which the carboxylic ester is derived from an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid. A coating composition comprising this compound has a high rate of polymerisation and shows the desired chemical and mechanical properties.1. A radiation-curable compound being a mono- or multi- valent carboxylic ester obtained by reacting a compound containing a hydroxyalkylamide group and an additional different hydroxy group with an α,β-ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid.","label":"IndustConst","id":868} +{"sentence":"Flexible tubeA flexible tube includes a polymer composition of a poly vinyl chloride having a molecular weight greater than about 1.0 inherent viscosity (IV) and a bio-based plasticizer. Further, a method of forming a flexible tube is provided. The method includes compounding a poly vinyl chloride having a molecular weight greater than about 1.0 inherent viscosity (IV) with a bio-based plasticizer to form a polymer composition and extruding the polymer composition into the flexible tube.1. A flexible tube comprising a polymer composition consisting of a polymer and a bio-based plasticizer, wherein the polymer consists of a poly vinyl chloride having a molecular weight greater than about 1.1 inherent viscosity (IV) and wherein the bio-based plasticizer comprises a fully hydrogenated castor oil, wherein the bio-based plasticizer is present at an amount of greater than 30% by weight of the total weight of the polymer composition, wherein the flexible tube has an inner surface that defines a central lumen of the flexible tube and a shore A durometer of about 40 to about 90.","label":"HouseConst","id":869} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbent and process for production thereofA particulate water absorbing agent of the present invention is a water absorbing agent containing a water absorbing resin as a main component, the particulate water absorbing agent containing a polyvalent metal cation and satisfying: (1) the polyvalent metal cation is contained in an amount between 0.001 wt % and 5 wt % relative to the amount of the water absorbing agent; (2) an absorbency without pressure (CRC) is not less than 28 (g\/g) and an absorbency against pressure (AAP 4.83 kPa) is not less than 10 (g\/g); (3) the absorbency against pressure and the absorbency without pressure satisfy 77≦AAP (4.83 kPa)+1.8×CRC≦100; and (4) a moisture content of the water absorbing agent is between 5 wt % and 20 wt %. This provides a water absorbing agent which has blocking resistance after moisture absorption, is excellent in stability to shock and suppresses Re-Wet when used in a diaper.1. A particulate water absorbing agent comprising: a water absorbing resin as a main component, wherein the water absorbing resin comprises a polyacrylic acid (salt) crosslinked polymer; a polyvalent metal, wherein the polyvalent metal is a metallic soap and\/or a water-soluble polyvalent metal salt; and a dispersion stabilizer; wherein said particulate water absorbing agent has: (1) a polyvalent metal cation in an amount between 0.001 wt % and 5 wt % relative to the amount of the particulate water absorbing agent; (2) an absorbency without pressure (CRC) of not less than 28 (g\/g) and not more than 60 (g\/g), and an absorbency against pressure (AAP 4.83 kPa) of not less than 10 (g\/g) and not more than 40 (g\/g); (3) the absorbency against pressure and the absorbency without pressure satisfy the inequality: 77≦Absorbency against pressure (AAP 4.83 kPa)+1.8×Absorbency without pressure (CRC)≦100; (4) a moisture content between 5 wt % and 20 wt %; and (5) a dusting rate between 0 wt % and 0.8 wt %.","label":"Household","id":870} +{"sentence":"Catalyst in the form of grains comprising an acidic porous core surrounded by a uniform outer layerThe invention relates to a catalyst that comes in the form of grains, each grain consisting of a core covered by at least one external layer, the core consisting of an acidic porous solid and having a size of between 0.1 micron and 0.4 millimeter, in which the external layer has a uniform thickness with a uniformity criterion C, which is less than 0.30, whereby said uniformity criterion C is defined as being equal to an average, on a number N of catalyst grain samples, of the ratio of the difference between the maximum thickness, Eimax, of the external layer and the minimum thickness, Eimin, of this same layer to the average of these two thicknesses Eimax and Eimin.1. A zeolite catalyst consisting essentially of grains, each grain being formed by a zeolite core covered by at least one external zeolite layer having a different crystallographic structure than that of the core, the core consisting essentially of an acidic crystallized microporous solid zeolite and having a size of between about 0.5 micron and about 20 microns, wherein the external layer is a crystallized microporous solid zeolite and has a uniform thickness with a uniformity criterion, C, which is less than 0.30, whereby said uniformity criterion C is defined as being equal to an average, on a number N of catalyst grain samples, of the ratio of the difference between the maximum thickness, Eimax, of the external layer and the minimum thickness, Eimin, of this same layer to the average of these two thicknesses Eimax, and Eimin, and with the provision that the grains have a spherical shape and have an overall average thickness of the external layer of between 0.1 and 10 microns yielding a maximum average grain size of about 40 microns.","label":"Catalyst","id":871} +{"sentence":"Catalyst compositions and polyolefins for extrusion coating applicationsThis invention relates to the field of olefin polymerization catalyst compositions, and methods for the polymerization and copolymerization of olefins, including polymerization methods using a supported catalyst composition. In one aspect, the present invention encompasses a catalyst composition comprising the contact product of a first metallocene compound, a second metallocene compound, at least one chemically-treated solid oxide, and at least one organoaluminum compound. The new resins were characterized by useful properties in impact, tear, adhesion, sealing, extruder motor loads and pressures at comparable melt index values, and neck-in and draw-down.1. A catalyst composition comprising the contact product of at least one first metallocene compound, at least one second metallocene compound, at least one chemically-treated solid oxide, and at least one organoaluminum compound, wherein: a) the at least one first metallocene compound is selected from an ansa-metallocene having the following formula: (X1)(X2)(X3)(X4)M1,  i) wherein (X1) and (X2) are jointly selected from a fluorenyl and a cyclopentadienyl, a fluorenyl and an indenyl, or two fluorenyls, any one of which can be substituted, unsubstituted, partially saturated, or any combination thereof; or rac-(X1)(X2)(X1)(X4)M1,  ii) wherein (X1) and (X2) are jointly selected from two indenyls, any one of which can be substituted, unsubstituted, partially saturated, or any combination thereof; wherein M1is selected from Ti, Zr, or Hf; wherein (X1) and (X2) are connected by a substituted or unsubstituted bridging group comprising: i) one atom selected from carbon, silicon, germanium, or tin, bonded to both (X1) and (X2); or ii) two contiguous carbon atoms in a chain, one end of which is bonded to (X1) and the other end of which is bonded to (X2); and wherein (X3); (X4); each substituent on the substituted cyclopentadienyl, the substituted indenyl, and the substituted fluorenyl; and each substituent on the substituted bridging group is independently selected from a hydrocarbyl group, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, an oxygen group, a sulfur group, a nitrogen group, a phosphorus group, an arsenic group, a carbon group, a silicon group, a germanium group, a tin group, a lead group, a boron group, an aluminum group, —SO2X, —OAlX2, —OSiX3, —OPX2, —SX, —OSO2X, —AsX2, —As(O)X2, or —PX2, wherein X is selected independently from halide, H, NH2, OR, or SR, wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, or a substituted derivative thereof, any of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a halide; or hydrogen; b) the at least one second metallocene compound is an ansa-metallocene having the following formula: (X5)(X6)(X7)(X8)M2, wherein M2is selected from Ti, Zr, or Hf; wherein (X5) and (X6) are respectively a substituted cyclopentadienyl; wherein (X5) and (X6) are connected by a substituted or unsubstituted bridging group comprising: i) one atom selected from carbon, silicon, germanium, or tin, bonded to both (X5) and (X6); or ii) two contiguous carbon atoms in a chain, one end of which is bonded to (X5) and the other end of which is bonded to (X6); and wherein (X5) and (X6) are each optionally substituted with up to four substituents in addition to the bridging group; wherein (X7); (X8); each substituent on the substituted cyclopentadienyl; and each substituent on the substituted bridging group is independently selected from a hydrocarbyl group, an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, an oxygen group, a sulfur group, a nitrogen group, a phosphorus group, an arsenic group, a carbon group, a silicon group, a germanium group, a tin group, a lead group, a boron group, an aluminum group, —SO2X, —OAlX2, —OSiX3, —OPX2, —SX, —OSO2X, —AsX2, —As(O)X2, or —PX2, wherein X is selected independently from halide, H, NH2, OR, or SR, wherein R is a hydrocarbyl, or a substituted derivative thereof, any of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a halide; or hydrogen; and c) the at least one chemically-treated solid oxide comprises a solid oxide treated with an electron-withdrawing anion.","label":"Catalyst","id":872} +{"sentence":"Polymerization catalysts and process for producing bimodal polymers in a single reactorCatalyst compositions comprising a first metallocene compound, a second metallocene compound, an activator-support, and an organoaluminum compound are provided. An improved method for preparing cyclopentadienyl complexes used to produce polyolefins is also provided.1. A catalyst composition comprising a first metallocene compound, a second metallocene compound, an activator-support, and an organoaluminum compound, wherein: (a) the first metallocene compound has the formula: (X1)(X2R12)(X3)(X4)M1; wherein (X1) is cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, or fluorenyl; wherein (X2) is fluorenyl; wherein (X1) and (X2) are connected by a disubstituted bridging group comprising one atom bonded to both (X1) and (X2), wherein the atom is carbon or silicon; wherein a first substituent of the disubstituted bridging group is an aliphatic or aromatic group having from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms; wherein a second substituent of the disubstituted bridging group is a saturated or unsaturated aliphatic group having from 3 to about 10 carbon atoms; wherein R1is H or an alkyl group having from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms; wherein (X3) and (X4) independently are a halide; wherein M1is Zr or Hf; (b) the second metallocene has the formula: wherein R2is H or —CH3; wherein R3is CH2═C—HCH2—, CH2═CH(CH2)2—, Ph(CH2)3—, CH3(CH2)3, or H; wherein X5and X6independently are a halide; and wherein M2is Zr or Hf.","label":"HouseConst","id":873} +{"sentence":"Mixer apparatusA pulp mixing apparatus includes a rotor shaft within a housing having a curvilinear inner wall circumferentially disposed about the rotor. A plurality of radially extending, wedge-shaped vanes are rigidly mounted on the rotor and intermesh with a plurality of housing vanes, likewise wedged-shaped, such that in combination, as the rotor vanes are moved into proximity with the stationary housing vanes, a mixing substance is subjected to a compressive and subsequently to a decompressive force whereupon the mixing substance is homogeneously and thoroughly mixed.1. A pulp mixing apparatus, comprising, a cylindrical housing having a rotor shaft with an axis and circumferentially opposite sides rotationally mounted within said cylindrical housing, a curvilinear interior wall circumferentially disposed about said rotor shaft to form thereby a mixing cavity; said housing having an inlet and an outlet thereon providing means for entry of material into said mixing cavity and means for egress therefrom, determining an upstream direction and a downstream direction, a plurality of rotor vanes radially mounted along the axis on said rotor shaft, arrayed with pairs of said rotor vanes extending in opposite directions from said opposite sides of the rotor shaft, said rotor vanes each having a rotor primary surface and a rotor secondary surface that forms a mirroredly imaged congruent surface of said rotor primary surface, said primary surface and said secondary surface joined in a cross sectional chevron symmetrically about and along a common edge, said housing interior wall having radially affixed thereto a plurality of stators; said stators each having a stator primary surface and a stator secondary surface that forms in outline a mirroredly imaged congruent form of said stator primary surface, said stator primary surface and said stator secondary surface joined in chevron symmetrically about and along a common edge to define a wedge shaped cavity therebetween; said stators having a plurality of orifices therein; certain of said rotor vane common edges facing in said upstream direction with the balance of said rotor vane common edges facing in said downstream direction, and said rotor vanes and said stators arrayed with respect to one another such that said rotor rotates and said vanes pass in proximity to said stators, a mixing action is established such that a material mixing therewithin is displaced rotationally, and is compressed as it nears a stator; and is further subjected to a suction or negative atmospheric force as said rotor vanes continue past said stators; whereafter the material displaced from said rotors moves around said stators as a vacuum is relieved by said stator orifices and said material being further subjected to an implosion as a direct result of the atmospheric action thereon, whereby the material undergoes a homogeneous mixing action.","label":"Household","id":874} +{"sentence":"SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER AND METHOD FOR MAKING SAMEA process for the preparation of superabsorbent polymer containing clay, the process including the steps of (I) polymerizing a polymerization mixture comprising: (a) one or more ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl-containing monomers, (b) one or more crosslinking agents, (c) optionally one or more comonomers copolymerizable with the carboxyl-containing monomer, (d) neutralizing agent to partially neutralize the polymer to from about 50% to about 99%, by weight, and (e) a polymerization medium, to form a crosslinked partially neutralized hydrogel, (II) admixing a clay with the crosslinked partially neutralized hydrogel to form partially neutralized superabsorbent polymer-clay hydrogel; (III) drying the crosslinked partially neutralized hydrogel at a temperature from about 190° C. to about 210° C. and for a time period of from about 15 minutes to about 120 minutes, and (IV) comminuting the dried partially neutralized superabsorbent polymer-clay hydrogel to particles.35 . A superabsorbent polymer containing kaolin particulate comprising: a) a superabsorbent polymer particulate comprising an intimately admixed blend of from about 90 wt % to about 99.5 wt % of a superabsorbent polymer hydrogel, wherein the superabsorbent polymer hydrogel is neutralized to from about 50 to about 80 mole %, and from about 0.5 wt % to about 10 wt % of a kaolin; wherein the admixed blend is dried and comminuted into superabsorbent polymer particulate; b) wherein the superabsorbent polymer particulate of a) is surface treated with from about 0.001 wt % to about 5 wt % of a surface crosslinking agent to form a surface crosslinked superabsorbent polymer particulate; c) wherein the surface crosslinked particulate composition of b) is surface treated with from about 0.01 wt % to about 5 wt % of a multivalent salt to form the superabsorbent polymer containing kaolin particulate; d) wherein the superabsorbent polymer particulate composition of b), c), or b) and c) is further surface treated with an additive selected from an odor-binding compound, cyclodextrin, zeolite, anti-caking additive, multivalent metal salt, or a surfactant.","label":"Household","id":875} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing and purifying fatty acidsThere is provided a process for purifying a fatty acid, which process comprises reacting a fatty acid with a lithium salt in a first solution and under conditions to allow formation of a precipitate of a lithium salt of the fatty acid; isolating the precipitate; dissolving the precipitate in a second solution followed by separation of the organic and aqueous layers so formed; and evaporating the organic layer to isolate the purified fatty acid. There is also provided a process for increasing the length of a fatty acid, and the use of a lithium salt to purify a fatty acid.1. A process for purifying a fatty acid which has 1 to 6 centers of unconjugated unsaturation, which process comprises: (a) reacting a fatty acid with a lithium salt in a first solution and under conditions to allow formation of a precipitate of a lithium salt of the fatty acid; (b) isolating the precipitate; (c) dissolving the precipitate in a second solution which is capable of generating two immiscible layers upon dissolution of the precipitate, the two immiscible layers being an organic layer and an aqueous acidic layer; (d) separating the two immiscible layers formed upon dissolution of the precipitate; and (e) evaporating the organic layer to isolate the purified fatty acid, wherein the process does not involve separating fatty acids from one another.","label":"Catalyst","id":876} +{"sentence":"Fractionation method and apparatusA fractionation column is provided with a feed inlet and three product outlets, with the product outlets including an overhead vapor outlet, a bottoms liquid outlet and a side draw outlet. A plurality of vertically spaced apart vapor-liquid contact trays are mounted in the column. A generally vertical partition is positioned within the column in a central region between an upper and a lower vapor-liquid contact tray and divides the central region into first and second chambers defined by the upper and lower trays, column shell and partition. The feed inlet opens into the first chamber while the side draw outlet opens into the second chamber. First control means is provided for controlling the various inputs and outputs of the column. Second control means is also provided for measuring various constituent portions of fluid mixtures within the column. Third control means controls the relative vapor flow rates between the bottom portions of the first and second chambers and the region of the column below the partition. Fourth control means is also provided for measuring a constituent of a fluid mixture in the upper region of the first chamber and controlling liquid flow to the top of the first and second chambers from a region of the column above the partition.1. A fractionation apparatus comprising: a fractionation column; a plurality of spaced apart vapor-liquid contacting trays in said column extending from a region near the bottom of the column to a region near the top of the column; a first inlet means communicating with the column at an intermediate region of the column to introduce a feedstream; a first outlet means communicating with the column adjacent the top of the column for the removal of vapor; a second outlet means communicating with the column adjacent the bottom of the column for the removal of bottoms; a third outlet means communicating with the column adjacent an intermediate region of the column for withdrawing a side product, said third outlet means being laterally spaced on the column from said first inlet means; a partition mounted in said column and extending generally vertically, said partition having opposite sides and dividing a central region of the column into first and second chambers with said first chamber being on one side of said partition and the second chamber being on the other side of said partition, said first inlet means opening into said first chamber and said third outlet means opening into the second chamber, said partition having an upper end and a lower end with said lower end being above at least one of said trays; first liquid reservoir means in said column positioned above the upper end of said partition operable for collecting and storing liquid; first conduit means forming a flow path between opposite sides of said first liquid reservoir means operable for returning collected liquid to at least one of said first and second chambers, at least a portion of said first conduit means being positioned externally of said column; first means forming first and second vapor collecting chambers positioned adjacent a lower end of said partition and operable for collecting vapor from the bottom of the column, said first vapor collecting chamber being adjacent a lower portion of said first chamber and said second vapor collecting chamber being adjacent a lower portion of said second chamber, said first means also forming a plurality of downcomers at the lower end of said partition with at least one said downcomer being on each said side of said partition; second conduit means communicating with said second vapor collecting chamber operable for discharge of one of vapor and liquid from said second vapor collecting chamber, at least a portion of said second conduit means being positioned externally of said column; third conduit means communicating with said first vapor collecting chamber operable for discharge of one of vapor and liquid from said first vapor collecting chamber, at least a portion of said third conduit means being positioned externally of said column.","label":"Process","id":877} +{"sentence":"Olefins productionThis invention relates to a method of producing olefins from a wax distillate feed by cracking the feed in the presence of steam at a catalyst temperature of between 650° and 900° C over a manganese catalyst.1. A process of producing olefins by cracking at elevated temperature in the presence of steam a hydrocarbon feedstock consisting essentially of wax distillate and boiling between 300° and 550° C over a catalyst composition consisting essentially of a manganese oxide and zirconia or titania.","label":"Process","id":878} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbing agent with irregularly pulverized shapeThe present invention provides a particulate water absorbing agent for a thin type absorbing substrate suitable for actual use. A particulate water absorbing agent having irregularly pulverized shape, characterized by comprising, a surface crosslinked water-absorbing resin obtained by crosslinking polymerization of an unsaturated monomer with an acid group and\/or salts thereof, which absorbing agent contains agglomerated particles therein and further satisfies (i) centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) in a physiological saline solution of not lower than 32 g\/g, (ii) mass median particle size (D50) of 200 to 400 μm, and (iii) particles smaller than 600 μm and not smaller than 150 μm of 95 to 100% by weight. By using the particulate water absorbing agent, such absorbing articles can be obtained as have few rugged surface after water absorption, excellent liquid permeation property.1. A particulate water absorbing agent having irregularly pulverized shape, wherein said particulate water absorbing agent comprises a surface crosslinked water-absorbing resin obtained by crosslinking polymerization of an unsaturated monomer mainly composed of acrylic acid and\/or salts thereof, said particulate water absorbing agent contains agglomerated particles therein, and further said particulate water absorbing agent satisfies (i) to (iii) described below: (i) centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) of the particulate water absorbing agent in a physiological saline solution being not lower than 32 g\/g; (ii) mass median particle size (D50) of the particulate water absorbing agent being in the range of 200 to 400 μm; and (iii) particles of the particulate water absorbing agent smaller than 600 μm and not smaller than 150 μm being in the range of 95 to 100% by weight, wherein water content of the particulate water absorbing agent is 1 to 10% by weight.","label":"Household","id":879} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbent containing water absorbent resin as a main componentThe particulate water absorbent has a cross-linking structure therein, and contains (i) a particulate water absorbent resin having a cross-linking structure on a surface therof and (ii) not less than 0.001 mass % and less than 10 mass % of anorganic acid multivalent metal salt whose molecule contains not less than seven carbon atoms. Futher, the particulate water absorbent contains 90 mass % of particles, whose particle diameter is not less than 106 μm and 850 μm, with respect to the particulate water absorbent.1. A particulate water absorbent, comprising a water absorbent resin in which a polymer obtained by polymerizing an unsaturated monomer has a cross-linking structure therein, wherein: the water absorbent resin is a particulate water absorbent resin which has a cross-linking structure on a surface thereof, and is constituted of particles each of which has a shape other than a shape of a spherical primary particle and a shape of an ellipsoidal primary particle, the particulate water absorbent contains not less than 90 mass % of particles, whose particle diameter is not less than 106 μm and less than 850 μm, with respect to the particulate water absorbent, the particle size distribution of the water absorbent is from 0 to 0.40, and the particulate water absorbent further contains not less than 0.001 mass % and less than 10 mass % of organic acid multivalent metal salt, whose molecule contains not less than seven carbon atoms, with respect to the water absorbent resin, wherein when the particulate water absorbent is immersed in 0.9 mass % of a sodium chloride aqueous liquid under a pressure of 2.06 kPa, an absorbency under pressure is not less than 20 g\/g.","label":"Household","id":880} +{"sentence":"Method and apparatus for elevating a marine platformA method of elevating the deck area of a marine platform (e.g., oil and gas well drilling or production platform) utilizes a specially configured sleeve support to support the platform legs so that they can be cut. Once cut, rams or jacks elevate the platform above the cuts. The sleeve support is then connected (e.g., welded) to the platform leg and becomes part of the structural support for the platform. In one embodiment, two sleeves are employed. In another embodiment, the jacks or rams elevate in two stages including a first stage wherein one sleeve elevates and the other sleeve does not elevate and a second stage wherein both sleeves elevate together.1. A method of elevating a marine platform that is supported by a plurality of hollow metallic leg sections that extend above and below a water line of a body of water, comprising the steps of: a) cutting one of the leg sections at a position next to the water line to provide a cut at a selected elevation; b) attaching a plurality of hydraulic rams to the leg sections with a first padeye having a first height, each ram having a hollowed cylinder and an extensible push rod and first and second end portions, the rams being attached to the leg section at the end portions, one end portion being attached to the leg section above the cut and the other end portion being attached to the leg section below the cut, and wherein each ram has a retracted and an extended position; c) repeating steps "a" through "b" for the other leg sections of the platform; d) elevating the platform a first distance by extending each ram to the extended position; e) removing the first padeye for each ram; f) attaching a second padeye having a second height that is greater than the first height; and g) elevating the platform an additional, second distance.","label":"Process","id":881} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene to butadiene and preparation process thereofThe present disclosure provides a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of butene to butadiene, comprising at least one compound of formula ZnaAlbMcFeeOf.Z(α-Fe2O3), wherein M is at least one element chosen from Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Mn, Ba, Cu, Co, and Ni, Z represents the percentage by weight of α-Fe2O3 in the catalyst and ranges from 10% to 70%. Also provided herein is a process of preparing said catalyst and the use of said catalyst in an oxidative dehydrogenation of butene to butadiene processes.1. A catalyst for the oxidative dehydrogenation of butene to butadiene comprising at least one compound of formula ZnaAlbMcFeeOf.Z(α-Fe2O3), wherein M is at least one element chosen from Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Mn, Ba, Cu, Co, and Ni; Z is the percentage by weight of α-Fe2O3 in the catalyst, ranging from 10% to 70%; wherein b is 1, a ranges from 0 to 10, c is larger than zero and less than or equal to 4, e ranges from 3 to 25, f is greater than 4.5 and equal to or less than 48; and further wherein 2a+3b+2c+3e=2f.","label":"Catalyst","id":882} +{"sentence":"ACTIVATION OF CATALYTIC SYSTEMS FOR THE STEREOSPECIFIC POLYMERIZATION OF DIENESAn activated preformed catalytic system for the 1,4-cis stereospecific polymerization of conjugated dienes based on at least: one or more preformation conjugated diene monomers, one or more salts of one or more rare-earth metals of one or more acids chosen from an organic phosphoric acid and an organic carboxylic acid, and a mixture thereof, one or more alkylating agents consisting of one or more alkylaluminiums of formula AlR3 or HAlR2, in which R represents an alkyl radical and H represents a hydrogen atom, one or more halogen donors consisting of an alkylaluminium halide, and one or more compounds corresponding to formula (I) below:1 . An activated preformed catalytic system for the 1,4-cis stereospecific polymerization of conjugated dienes based on at least: one or more preformation conjugated diene monomers, one or more salts of one or more rare-earth metals of one or more acids chosen from an organic phosphoric acid, an organic carboxylic acid and a mixture thereof, the mole ratio of the conjugated diene monomer to the rare-earth metal salt being at least 10 one or more alkylating agents consisting of one or more alkylaluminiums of formula AlR3 or HAlR2, in which R represents an alkyl radical and H represents a hydrogen atom, one or more halogen donors consisting of an alkylaluminium halide, and one or more compounds corresponding to formula (I) below: wherein the groups R1 to R6, which may be identical or different, are chosen from a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic alkyl, cycloaliphatic or aromatic radical, on condition that at least one of the groups R1 to R6 does not denote a hydrogen atom.","label":"Automobile","id":883} +{"sentence":"Purification of acrylic acid and methacrylic acidAcrylic acid or methacrylic acid is purified by (a) subjecting a mixture comprising the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid to a sharply defined separation process essentially in the absence of an organic solvent, with the composition of the phase in which the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid accumulates remaining essentially constant when the composition of the other phases participating in the mass transfer changes, then taking off this phase and (b) subjecting at least a part of the remaining phase from stage(a) to a less sharply defined separation process and (c) feeding one of the phases formed in stage (b) to the sharply defined separation process in stage (a). In addition, the invention provides a process for preparing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid which includes the abovementioned purification process.1. A process for preparing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, which process comprises the following stages: (I) catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propene or isobutene and\/or acrolein or methacrolein to acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, to form a gaseous reaction product containing the acid, (II) absorption of said reaction product using a high-boiling solvent, (III) separation of the loaded solvent from stage (II) into the solvent and a crude acid by means of distillation, (IV) purification of the acrylic acid or methacrylic acid from the crude acid from distillation stage (III) by means of dynamic crystallization, static crystallization or a combination of dynamic and static crystallization, with the resulting mother liquor being recirculated at least partly to the absorption stage (II) or the distillation stage (III).","label":"Process","id":884} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene films with matte surfaceEmbodiments of monolayer and multilayer films which provide an improved matte surface are disclosed. The monolayer film or an outer layer of the multilayer films comprise greater than 50% by weight of a first polyethylene having a density of at least 0.935 g\/cm3and a melt index (I2) of 0.9 g\/10 minutes or less, and less than 50% by weight of a second polyethylene having a density less 0.935 g\/cm3and a melt index (I2) of 20 g\/10 minutes or less, wherein the film exhibits an external gloss of less than 20 units when measured at 45 according to ASTM D2457 and a haze greater than 60% when measured according to ASTM D1003.1. A film comprising: greater than 50% by weight of a first polyethylene having a density of at least 0.935 g\/cm3, a melt index (I2) of 0.9 g\/10 minutes or less, a melt index (I10) of 1.2 g\/10 minutes to 12 g\/10 minutes, and a melt flow ratio (I10\/I2) of 7 to 50; and less than 50% by weight of a second polyethylene having a density less 0.935 g\/cm3, a melt index (I2) of 20 g\/10 minutes or less, a melt index (I10) of 5 g\/10 minutes to 150 g\/10 minutes, and a melt flow ratio (I10\/I2) of 7 to 15; wherein the film is a monolayer film exhibiting an external gloss of less than 20 units when measured at 45° according to ASTM D2457 and an external haze greater than 60% when measured according to ASTM D1003; the melt index (I2) is measured according to ASTM D1238 at 190° C. and 2.16 kg load; and the melt index (I10) is measured according to ASTM D1238 at 190° C. and 10 kg load.","label":"HouseConst","id":885} +{"sentence":"Method of producing silicon carbideA method of producing silicon carbide is provided. The method includes heating a cured product of a curable silicone composition in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature exceeding 1,500° C. but not more than 2,600° C. The method is capable of producing high-purity silicon carbide simply and at a high degree of productivity, and is capable of simply producing a silicon carbide molded item having a desired shape and dimensions.1. A method of producing silicon carbide, comprising heating a cured product of a curable silicone composition in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature exceeding 1,500° C. but not more than 2,600° C., wherein prior to the step of heating the cured product, the curable silicone composition is molded into a desired shape of desired dimensions, and then cured to obtain the cured product, so that the silicon carbide is produced in the desired shape of desired dimensions after the step of heating; the curable silicone composition is an addition-curable silicone composition comprising: (a) an organopolysiloxane having at least two alkenyl groups bonded to silicon atoms; (b) an organohydrogenpolysiloxane having hydrogen atoms bonded to silicon atoms; (c) a platinum group metal-based catalyst, and (d) a silicon carbide powder, wherein a molar ratio of the silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atoms relative to all silicon atoms within a single molecule of component (b) is within a range from 0.2 to 2.0; and the component (b) is present in the curable silicone composition in a quantity such that the molar ratio of the silicon atom-bonded hydrogen atoms in the component (b) relative to the silicon-bonded alkenyl groups in component (a) is within a range from 0.1 to 5.0, wherein the component (a) is selected from a linear organopolysiloxane represented by any of the following formulas: wherein, R represents identical or different, unsubstituted or substituted monovalent hydrocarbon groups with the exception of not including alkenyl groups, b and c are integers that satisfy b≧0 and c≧1 respectively, provided that b+c is a number that yields a weight average molecular weight and a viscosity for the organopolysiloxane that fall within the ranges from 300 to 10,000, and from 1 to 10,000 mPa·s, respectively, wherein the component (b) is a linear hydrogenpolysiloxane selected from the group consisting of methylhydrogenpolysiloxane with both terminals blocked with trimethylsiloxy groups, copolymers of methylhydrogensiloxane and dimethylsiloxane with both terminals blocked with trimethylsiloxy groups, dimethylpolysiloxane with both terminals blocked with dimethylhydrogensiloxy groups, copolymers of methylhydrogensiloxane and dimethylsiloxane with both terminals blocked with dimethylhydrogensiloxy groups, copolymers of methylhydrogensiloxane and diphenylsiloxane with both terminals blocked with trimethylsiloxy groups, copolymers of methylhydrogensiloxane, diphenylsiloxane and dimethylsiloxane with both terminals blocked with trimethylsiloxy groups, copolymers of methylhydrogensiloxane, methylphenylsiloxane and dimethylsiloxane with both terminals blocked with trimethylsiloxy groups, and wherein the silicon carbide powder (d) is contained in the curable silicone composition within a range from 25 to 80% by volume relative to the entire curable silicone composition.","label":"IndustConst","id":886} +{"sentence":"Processes for producing (meth)acrylic acid compoundA first and second aspect of the invention relate to a process for producing a (meth)acrylic acid compound and a process for producing a (meth)acrylic ester, respectively. In particular, the second aspect of the invention relates to a process for (meth)acrylic ester production which includes a step in which by-products of a (meth)acrylic ester-yielding reaction are decomposed to recover a (meth)acrylic ester. A third aspect of the invention relates to a method of decomposing by-products of (meth)acrylic ester production in order to recover (meth)acrylic acid, a (meth)acrylic ester, and an alcohol through the decomposition of the by-products of (meth)acrylic ester production. A fourth and fifth aspect of the invention relate to a method of decomposing by-products of (meth)acrylic acid compound production in order to recover (meth)acrylic acid, a (meth)acrylic ester, and an alcohol through the decomposition of by-products of (meth)acrylic acid production and by-products of (meth)acrylic ester production.1 . A process for producing a (meth)acrylic acid compound which has both (meth)acrylic acid production facilities and (meth)acrylic ester production facilities and in which by-products taken out of a purification step for purifying a reaction mixture of a (meth)acrylic ester are pyrolyzed to recover the (meth)acrylic ester therefrom, characterized in that the pyrolysis reaction of the by-products is conducted substantially in a liquid phase and at least part of the products of the pyrolysis reaction are returned to a (meth)acrylic ester purification step.","label":"Process","id":887} +{"sentence":"Process for the thermal after-treatment of cleavage product from the acid-catalyzed cleavage of cumene hydroperoxideThe cleavage product from the acid-catalyzed cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide into phenol and acetone is subjected to thermal after-treatment by a process, which comprises heating the cleavage product in a reactor, wherein the heat supplied for the thermal treatment is the heat generated by at least one exothermic reaction which occurs in the reactor. The exothermic reaction which proceeds in the cleavage product is preferably the cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide.1. A process for the thermal after-treatment of cleavage product from the acid-catalyzed cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide to phenol and acetone, which comprises: subjecting cumene hydroperoxide to acid cleavage thereby producing a cleavage product containing phenol, acetone, unreacted cumene hydroperoxide and other minor products of the cleavage reaction, and conducting a thermal after-treatment on said cleavage product in a reactor at a temperature above 100° C., wherein the heat for the after-treatment is heat generated by at least the acid cleavage exothermic reaction of cumene hydroperoxide in the after-treatment reactor.","label":"Process","id":888} +{"sentence":"Acidic superabsorbent hydrogelsThe present invention relates to novel hydrophilic swellable addition polymers comprising improved odor control, a process for their preparation and their use for absorbing aqueous fluids and a process for screening superabsorbents.1 . Hydrogel forming polymers capable of absorbing aqueous fluids and having a pH absorbency index PH AI , which is calculated as follows: pH AI =ΔpH ·( AUL 0.7psi +CRC ) where ΔpH= 7 −pH of product AUL 0.7psi is the absorbency under pressure at 0.7 psi CRC is the centrifuge retention capacity of at least 80, preferably at least 90 and especially at least 100, and having a pH of not more than 5.7:","label":"Household","id":889} +{"sentence":"Coating apparatus and process for manufacturing color filter substrateA coating apparatus for manufacturing a color filter substrate, comprising a roller and a resin-pressing device, the roller is provided with a plurality of openings on its external surface, the openings have a shape identical to a shape of color pixel units of the substrate to be coated, the roller is further provided with a cavity communicating with the openings, the cavity is configured for housing resin; the resin-pressing device is configured for forcing the resin within the cavity out through the openings. Also disclosed is a process for manufacturing a color filter substrate, comprising: providing a substrate, on which a predetermined area forming patterns for color filter units is provided; and coating the predetermined area of the substrate with the coating apparatus to form the patterns for color filter units.1. A coating apparatus for manufacturing a color filter substrate, comprising a roller and a resin-pressing device, wherein the roller is provided with a plurality of openings on its external surface, the openings have a shape identical to a shape of color pixel units of a substrate to be coated, the roller is further provided with a cavity communicating with the openings, and the resin-pressing device comprises: a resin-feeding mechanism configured for feeding a resin into the cavity and adhering the resin at the openings, the cavity is configured for housing the resin, and a gas-feeding mechanism configured for feeding gas into the cavity and forcing out the resin adhered at the openings, and the resin-pressing device is configured for forcing the resin within the cavity out through the openings to the substrate to be coated, and the gas-feeding mechanism comprises a gas-feeding pipe, the gas-feeding pipe extends into and through the cavity, and a portion of the gas-feeding pipe within the cavity is provided with gas outlets opposite to the openings; the plurality of openings arranged in rings, the rings are distributed evenly in an axial direction of the roller, and the openings in each of the rings are distributed separately along a circumferential direction of the roller, a first barrier is provided between two adjacent rings of openings in the axial direction on an inner surface of the roller to prevent the resin adhered to one of the rings of the openings from flowing to adjacent one of the rings of the openings to avoid blending of resins of different colors.","label":"IndustConst","id":890} +{"sentence":"PolyolefinA process for preparing polyolefins having at least 0.01 long chain branches (LCB)\/1000 carbon atoms along the polymer backbone as measured by flow activation and a molecular weight distribution greater than 2.5 comprises polymerization in the presence of a metallocene complex having the formula: wherein Cp1,Cp2are independently a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl or hydrogenated indenyl group, Y is a univalent anionic ligand, M is zirconium, titanium or hafnium, and Z is a bridging group comprising an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a dialkyl silyl- or germyl- group, or alkyl phophine or amine radical. Polyolefins prepared from such a process show specific flow activation energy\/LCB relationships.1. A copolymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefin having from 3 to 20 carbon atoms characterised in having (a) a flow activation energy (Ea) in the range 50≤Ea≤200kJ\/mol; (b) a degree of long chain branching (LCB\/1000C) as measured by GPC\/solution viscometry in the range LCB ≤0.03Ea-1.5 to LCB ≥0.25; and (c) a breadth of molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) greater than 2.5.","label":"Catalyst","id":891} +{"sentence":"Process for agglomeration of superabsorbent polymer fine particlesAmong other things, a process for producing an agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particle and an agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particle are disclosed. The process comprises the steps of: (A) bringing superabsorbent polymer fine particles having at least about 40 wt. %, a particle size of less than about 150 μm into contact with a fluid comprising to more than about 10 wt. % a cross-linkable, uncrosslinked polymer based on polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated, acid group-bearing monomers or salts thereof; and (B) cross-linking the uncrosslinked polymer by heating the superabsorbent polymer fine particles and the fluid to a temperature from about 20 to about 300° C., so that the cross-linkable, uncrosslinked polymer at least partially crosslinks.1. A process for producing an agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particle comprising less than about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particle, of superabsorbent polymer fine particles having a particle size of less than about 150 μm, said process steps comprising: (A) supplying (i) post crosslinked superabsorbent polymer fine particles having at least about 40 wt. %, based on the total weight of the agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particle, a particle size of less than about 150 μm (B) spraying or mixing the post crosslinked superabsorbent polymer fine particles of (A) with a fluid comprising a) more than about 18 wt. % to about 55 wt %, based on the total weight of the fluid, of a cross-linkable, uncross-linked polyacrylate solution neutralized to from about 45 mol % to about 55 mole %, which polyacrylate solution is based on polymerized, polyacrylic acid or salts thereof to at least about 20 wt. %, based on the total weight of the cross-linkable, uncrosslinked polymer, and b) a crosslinker; (C) heating the post crosslinked superabsorbent polymer fine particles brought into contact with the fluid of step (B) to a temperature within a range from about 100 to about 200° C., so that the cross-linkable, uncross-linked polymer at least partially crosslinks to form agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particles having a particle size of more than about 850 μm; and (D) comminuting the agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particles of step (C) to produce at least about 80 wt. % of the agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particles of step (C) to have a particle size within the range of about 200 μm to about 900 μm; wherein (a) the cross-linkable, uncross-linked polyacrylate solution comprises, besides the polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated, acid groups-bearing monomers, further polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers (M) capable of reacting with polymerized acid group-bearing monomers in a condensation reaction, in an addition reaction, or in a ring opening reaction, and (b) wherein the agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particle has less than about 10 wt. %, based on the total weight of the agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particle, of superabsorbent polymer fine particle size of less than about 150 μm.","label":"Household","id":892} +{"sentence":"Adsorptive separation product recovery by fractional distillationConstruction and operational costs of recovering the extract or raffinate product of a simulated moving bed adsorptive separation process units are reduced by employing a dividing wall column to perform the separation. The raffinate or extract stream is passed into the column at an intermediate point on the first side of the dividing wall, with the column delivering the adsorptive separation product as a sidedraw from the opposite side of the dividing wall. A stream of co-adsorbed impurity is removed as an overhead stream and desorbent is recovered as a net bottoms stream.1. A simulated moving bed adsorptive separation process which comprises: a.) passing a feed stream comprising a first, second and third chemical compounds into an adsorption zone comprising a bed of a selective adsorbent maintained at adsorption promoting conditions under which the first compound is selectively retained on a quantity of the selective adsorbent compared to the second compound, with the third compound having a boiling point sufficiently different from the first and second compounds to allow its facile separation by fractional distillation and with the third compound being adsorbed onto the adsorbent to a lesser extent than said first chemical compound, and thus forming a raffinate stream comprising the second compound and a desorbent formerly present in the quantity of the selective adsorbent; b.) passing a desorbent stream comprising the desorbent into contact with said quantity of the selective adsorbent, which has retained the first chemical compound, under desorption promoting conditions to yield an extract stream comprising the desorbent, the first compound and the third compound; c.) passing the extract stream into a dividing wall fractionation column operated at fractionation conditions and divided into at least a first and a second parallel fractionation zones by a dividing wall, with the first and the second fractionation zones each having an upper and a lower end located within the fractionation column, with the first and second fractionation zones being in open communication at their upper ends with an undivided upper section of the fractionation column and in open communication at their lower ends with an undivided lower section of the fractionation column, and with the extract stream entering the column at an intermediate point of the first fractionation zone; d.) removing an extract product stream comprising the first compound from an intermediate point of the second fractionation zone; e.) recovering a product stream comprising the third compound from a first end of the fractionation column, f.) removing a process stream comprising the desorbent from a second end of the fractionation column.","label":"Process","id":893} +{"sentence":"Process for dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon feedsA process for the dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon and\/or oxygenated hydrocarbon feed, which process comprises the steps of (a) sequentially contacting the feed with a catalyst bed in a reaction chamber at elevated temperature, said catalyst bed comprising a first catalyst which is a dehydrogenation catalyst to produce a dehydrogenated product and hydrogen and a second catalyst capable of adsorbing and\/or reacting with at least some of said hydrogen, said second catalyst having a porous coating. (b) removing the dehydrogenated product and any hydrogen which has not been adsorbed or reacted from the reaction chamber; (c) removing at least some of the adsorbed\/reacted hydrogen from the coated catalyst and\/or oxidising at least some of the reduced coated catalyst, thereby regenerating the second catalyst; (d) using said regenerated second catalyst in step (a).1. A process for the dehydrogenation of a hydrocarbon or oxygenated hydrocarbon feed, said process comprising the steps of: (a) contacting the feed with a catalyst bed in a reaction chamber at elevated temperature, said catalyst bed comprising a dehydrogenation catalyst and a hydrogen retention agent, said hydrogen retention agent being in particulate form and having a porous coating, said dehydrogenation catalyst producing a product stream comprising a dehydrogenated product and hydrogen, said porous coated hydrogen retention agent being capable of selectively removing and adsorbing hydrogen from said product stream; (b) removing from the reaction chamber the dehydrogenated product and any hydrogen which has not been adsorbed by said porous coated hydrogen retention agent; (c) removing at least some of the adsorbed hydrogen from said porous coated hydrogen retention agent, thereby regenerating said porous coated hydrogen retention agent; and (d) using the regenerated porous coated hydrogen retention agent, in step (a).","label":"Catalyst","id":894} +{"sentence":"Coated water-swellable materialThis invention is directed to coated water-swellable materials, typically solid, particulate, water-swellable materials, i.e. materials that comprise hydrogel-forming polymers, whereof at least a part is coated with a coating, which substantially does not break when the polymers swell, as set out in the method herein. Said coating is present at a level of at least 1% by weight of the water-swellable material. The coating comprises preferably an elastomeric polymeric material. The invention also relates products, e.g., disposable absorbent articles, comprising such coated water-swellable material.1. A water-swellable material that comprises hydrogel forming polymers coated by a coating formed from a coating agent comprising an elastomeric polymeric material, whereby said coating is present at a level of at least 1% by weight of the water-swellable material, and wherein the water swellable material has a CCRC of at least 10 g\/g and wherein, for at least a part of the coated hydrogel forming polymers, said coating is non-breaking, when the water-swellable material is swollen to equilibrium in 0.9% saline solution and wherein said part of the coated hydrogel forming polymers that has a non-breaking coating of an elastomeric polymeric material is at least 60% by weight of the material having a coating with an elastomeric, polymeric material.","label":"Household","id":895} +{"sentence":"Superhydrophobic compositionsThe present invention relates to a stable dispersion comprising at least, but not limited to, three key elements that, when combined accordingly, can achieve the desired superhydrophobic results; the at least three elements being a hydrophobic component, nano-structured particles and water.1. A superhydrophobic dispersion composition comprising: a. a water dispersible hydrophobic component, wherein the hydrophobic component comprises a perfluorinated polymer modified with a comonomer; b. a nanoclay comprising nano-structured particles; and c. water, wherein a surface treated with the superhydrophobic dispersion has a water contact angle greater than 150°, wherein the superhydrophobic composition is free of an organic solvent, wherein the ratio of the weight of the nanoclay to the weight of the nanoclay and the hydrophobic component is above 0.2 and less than 0.5.","label":"IndustConst","id":896} +{"sentence":"Resin composition having good scratch resistanceA resin composition having good scratch resistance includes about 5 to about 50 parts by weight of core-shell graft resin (A) and about 95 to about 50 parts by weight of resin (B) which includes about 40 to about 100% by weight of (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester. The outer shell of the core-shell graft resin (A) comprises (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester.1. A scratch resistant resin composition comprising: (A) about 5 to about 50 parts by weight of a core-shell graft resin having a double shell structure comprising an inner shell and an outer shell, wherein said inner shell comprises a styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer resin and said outer shell comprises a polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin or wherein each of said inner shell and said outer shell comprises a methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer; and (B) about 95 to about 50 parts by weight of a resin comprising about 40 to about 100% by weight of a (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester, wherein said core-shell graft resin (A) comprises about 30 to about 70 parts by weight of rubber, about 15 to about 55 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate, about 1 to about 5 parts by weight of acrylonitrile and about 5 to about 35 parts by weight of styrene.","label":"Automobile","id":897} +{"sentence":"Field effect transistor device including an array of channel elements and methods for formingThe present invention relates to a semiconductor structure such as a field effect transistors (FETs) in which the channel region of each of the FETs is composed of an array of more than one electrically isolated channel. In accordance with the present invention, the distance between each of the channels present in the channel region is within a distance of no more than twice their width from each other. The FETs of the present invention are fabricated using methods in which self-assembled block copolymers are employed in forming the channel.1 . An article comprising an array of elements having uniform and regular spacing between each of said elements that is equal to or less than 100 nm, each element having a width that is equal to or less than 50 nm.","label":"IndustConst","id":898} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent resin composition, method of manufacturing the same, and absorbent articleA water-absorbent resin composition is provided which shows only small reduction in liquid permeability and limited coloring over time or in relation to another factor. The water-absorbent resin composition (particulate absorbent agent) of the present invention contains: a polycarboxylate-based water-absorbent resin as a primary component, the resin having a crosslinked structure formed by polymerization of an acid group-containing unsaturated monomer; and multivalent metal cations (preferably, on surfaces of particles (i.e., the water-absorbent resin composition)) wherein: the multivalent metal cations other than Fe cations account for 0.001 to 1 mass % of the water-absorbent resin; and the ratio (in terms of percentage) of the Fe cations to the multivalent metal cations other than the Fe cations is less than or equal to 5.00 mass %.1. A water-absorbent resin composition, comprising: a polycarboxylate-based water-absorbent resin as a primary component, the polycarboxylate-based water-absorbent resin having a crosslinked structure formed by polymerization of an acid group-containing unsaturated monomer; and aluminum cations; wherein, the aluminum cations account for 0.001 to 1 mass % of the polycarboxylate-based water-absorbent resin; a ratio of Fe cations to the polycarboxylate-based water-absorbent resin is 0.01 to 1 ppm; a ratio of Fe cations to the aluminum cations is 200 to 1,000 ppm; and the composition has a saline flow conductivity (SFC) of at least 60×10−7·cm3·s·g−1.","label":"Household","id":899} +{"sentence":"Process for the recovery of phenol and biphenolsA process is described for the recovery of phenol and biphenols from their homogeneous mixtures containing benzene, sulfolane and water, which is based on the use of an alkaline solution and benzene for the separation of biphenols from sulfolane, after removing the benzene, H 2 O and phenol contained in the reaction effluent. The process allows the recovery of phenol and biphenol by-products dissolved in sulfolane, directly obtaining the purified solvent containing the benzene necessary for the feeding to the reactor for the direct oxidation of benzene, as well as the biphenols dissolved in water and pure phenol.1. A process for the recovery of phenol and biphenols from their homogeneous mixtures containing benzene, sulfolane and water, which comprises the following steps: (a) feeding the reaction mixture containing benzene, water, phenol, sulfolane and reaction by-products (biphenols), to a distillation unit consisting of two or more columns, to obtain one or more products at the head, essentially consisting of the benzene-water azeotropic mixture and phenol, and a product at the bottom, consisting of sulfolane, phenol and reaction by-products; (b) feeding the benzene-water azeotropic mixture to a condensation system consisting of one or more condensers in series in which, after de-mixing, an aqueous and a benzene phase are separated, the latter being partially sent back to the distillation unit as reflux, whereas the aqueous phase is totally collected; (c) feeding the bottom product coming from the distillation unit of step (a), a basic water solution and benzene to a mixer\/separator to effect the salification of the phenols and obtain the de-mixing of the system into an organic phase consisting of benzene and sulfolane and an aqueous phase consisting of water, phenol salts and a part of sulfolane; (d) feeding the aqueous phase coming from the mixer\/phase separator (D 311 ) and benzene to a liquid\/liquid extraction column (C 310 ) to obtain, at the head, an organic extract saturated with water containing benzene and sulfolane and, at the bottom, a refined product containing the phenol salts in a water solution; (e) feeding the organic phases coming from the steps (c) and (d) and water to a mixing\/de-mixing system (D 312 ) to obtain, at the head, an organic stream containing sulfolane, benzene and water and an aqueous stream, saturated with organic products, which is sent to the extraction column C 310 ; (f) feeding the organic phase coming from step (e) to a distillation column C 320 in which the heterogeneous benzene-water azeotropic mixture with the highest pressure separates at the head, and a product consisting of sulfolane, benzene and water separates at the bottom; (g) feeding the azeotropic mixture obtained in step (f) to a condensation system consisting of one or more condensers in which an aqueous phase is separated and is completely removed and used for preparing the basic aqueous solution to be adopted for the salification of phenols and also a benzene phase which is sent back to the column as reflux; (h) feeding the refined product leaving the extraction column C 310 to a mixer and acidifying with an inorganic acid or CO 2 to release the phenols from their salts; (i) feeding the aqueous saline solution obtained in step (h) and an extracting agent to an extraction column C 410 to obtain an extract containing biphenols, at the head, and a refined product consisting of saline water, at the bottom; (l) feeding the refined product to a distillation column C 430 to obtain the residual extracting agent together with water, at the head, and the saline solution, at the bottom, which is sent for disposal or recovery; (m) feeding the extract coming from the column C 410 and the head product of column C 430 to a distillation column C 420 obtaining the heterogeneous azeotropic mixture of H 2 O-extraction solvent at the head, and a solution containing water and biphenols at the bottom; (n) feeding the head product to a condensation system consisting of one or more condensers in which an aqueous phase is obtained which is sent as reflux to the column C 420 of step (m) and an organic phase containing the extracting agent; (o) feeding a portion of the organic phase coming from the condenser to a distillation column C 440 to obtain a benzene-water mixture at the head, which is recycled to step (a) and the extracting agent at the bottom, which is fed directly to the separation column C 410 .","label":"Process","id":900} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization catalyst composition comprising group 13 compoundCatalyst compositions that are highly tolerant of catalyst poisons comprising a catalytic derivative of a Group 4 metallocene metal complex and an Group 13 metal compound according to the formula R12M\"(NR22), wherein R1and R2independently each occurrence is a hydrocarbyl, silyl, halocarbyl, halohydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted silyl, halocarbyl-substituted silyl, or halohydrocarbyl-substituted silyl group, said R1and R2having from 1 to 30 carbon, silicon, or mixtures of carbon and silicon atoms, and M\" is a Group 13 metal, the molar ratio of complex to Group 13 compound being from 1:0.1 to 1:100.1. A catalyst composition comprising in combination: a) a metal complex corresponding to the formula: CpIMXpLq that has been or is rendered catalytically active by combination with an activating cocatalyst or by use of an activating technique, wherein: M is a metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table of the Elements having an oxidation state of +2, +3 or +4, bound in an η5bonding mode to one or two Cpgroups; Cpindependently each occurrence is a cyclopentadienyl-, indenyl-, tetrahydroindenyl-, fluorenyl-, tetrahydrofluorenyl-, or octahydrofluorenyl-group optionally substituted with from 1 to 8 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, halo, halohydrocarbyl, aminohydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, dihydrocarbylamino, dihydrocarbylphosphino, silyl, aminosilyl, hydrocarbyloxysilyl, and halosilyl groups containing up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, or further optionally two such Cpgroups may be joined together by a divalent substituent selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbadiyl, halohydrocarbadiyl, hydrocarbyleneoxy, hydrocarbyleneamino, siladiyl, halosiladiyl, and divalent aminosilane groups containing up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms; X independently each occurrence is a monovalent anionic σ-bonded ligand group, a divalent anionic σ-bonded ligand group having both valences bonded to M, or a divalent anionic σ-bonded ligand group having one valency bonded to M and one valency bonded to a Cpgroup, said X containing up to 60 nonhydrogen atoms; independently each occurrence is a neutral Lewis base ligand having up to 20 atoms; I is one or two; p is 0, 1 or 2, and is I less than the formal oxidation state of M when X is an monovalent anionic σ-bonded ligand group or a divalent anionic σbonded ligand group having one valency bonded to M and one valency bonded to a Cpgroup, or p is I +1 less than the formal oxidation state of M when X is a divalent anionic σ-bonded ligand group having both valencies bonded to M; and q is 0, 1 or 2; and b) a Group 13 compound according to the formula R12M"(NR22), wherein R1and R2independently each occurrence is a hydrocarbyl, silyl, halocarbyl, halohydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted silyl, halocarbyl-substituted silyl, or halohydrocarbyl-substituted silyl group, said R1and R2each having from 1 to 30 carbon, silicon, or mixtures of carbon and silicon atoms, and M" is a Group 13 metal, the molar ratio of a):b) being from 1:0.1 to 1:100; or the resulting derivative, reaction product or equilibrium mixture resulting from such combination.","label":"HouseConst","id":901} +{"sentence":"Process for producing (meth) acrylic acidThe present invention provides a process for producing (meth)acrylic acid by gas-phase catalytic oxidation, which comprises cooling and condensing a (meth)acrylic acid-containing reaction product gas to obtain a crude aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution; cooling the aqueous solution to deposit the impurities contained in the aqueous solution, as solid matter; separating the solid matter; and then extracting and separating (meth)acrylic acid from the purified aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution obtained. Unlike the conventional processes in which (meth)acrylic acid is extracted and separated from a crude aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution, the present process can avoid various troubles caused by the impurities contained in the crude aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution, for example, generation of scum and the like, and therefore can produce (meth)acrylic acid at a higher purity than in the conventional processes.1. A process for producing (meth)acrylic acid by gas-phase catalytic oxidation, which comprises cooling and condensing a (meth)acrylic acid-containing reaction product gas to obtain a crude aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution; cooling the aqueous solution to deposit the impurities contained in the aqueous solution, as solid matter; separating the solid matter; and then extracting and separating (meth)acrylic acid from the purified aqueous (meth)acrylic acid solution obtained.","label":"Process","id":902} +{"sentence":"Process for the Production of alkall metal silicate-organic plasticsPolymerable organic compounds are emulsified with aqueous alkali metal silicate solutions then polymerized with a catalyst such as a peroxide type catalyst thereby producing an alkali metal silicate organic plastic which may be used as an adhesive or as molding powder.1. The process of the production of alkali metal silicate-organic plastic by mixing and reacting the following components: (a) an aqueous alkali metal silicate solution in the amount of 100 parts by weight (b) a polymerizable unsaturated organic compound in the amount of 5 to 100 parts by weight (c) a mono or polycarboxylic acid salt forming compound in the amount of 1 to 10 parts by weight (d) an initiator, a catalytic amount.","label":"HouseConst","id":903} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing polymethylolsThe present invention relates to a process for distilling an aqueous polymethylol mixture which comprises a polymethylol of the formula (I) (HOCH2)2—C—R2  (I) in which each R is independently a further methylol group or an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, a tertiary amine, water and the adduct of tertiary amine and formic acid (amine formate), which comprises performing the distillation in a distillation column which is connected at the bottom to an evaporator, the bottom temperature being above the evaporation temperature of the monoester of formic acid and polymethylol (polymethylol formate) which forms during distillation. The present invention further relates to a composition comprising polymethylol and 1 to 10 000 ppm by weight of polymethylol formate, and to the use thereof.1. A process for distilling an aqueous polymethylol mixture comprising a polymethylol of the formula (I) in which each R is independently a further methylol group or an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, a tertiary amine, water and the adduct of tertiary amine and formic acid (amine formate), wherein the aqueous polymethylol mixture is obtained in a multistage reaction involving, in stage a), condensing alkanals in an aldol reaction with formaldehyde in the presence of tertiary amines as a catalyst to give methylolalkanals of the formula (II) where each R is independently a further methylol group or an alkyl group having 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms and then, in stage b), distillatively separating the reaction mixture obtained from stage a) into bottoms comprising predominantly compounds of the formula (II), and a top stream comprising low boilers, and, in stage c hydrogenatingthe bottoms discharge from stage b), wherein the reaction discharge from the hydrogenation (stage c)) is an aqueous polymethylol mixture which comprises a polymethylol of the formula (I) and the aqueous polymethylol mixture is purified by removing low boilers from the polymethylol compound by distillation, wherein the distillation is performed in a distillation column which is connected at the bottom to an evaporator, the temperature at the bottom of the column being above the evaporation temperature of the monoester of formic acid and polymethylol (polymethylol formate) which forms during the distillation and wherein the reflux at the top of the column is adjusted such that the predominant amount of the polymethylol formate is retained in the column, and discharged from the bottom of the evaporator is a discharge which comprises predominantly the polymethylol compound.","label":"Process","id":904} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articleAn absorbent article obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of an absorbent resin powder having a carboxyl group with 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups capable of reacting with the carboxyl group per molecule and reacting the absorbent resin powder with the crosslinking agent to crosslink the molecular chains existing at least in the vicinity of the surface of the absorbent resin powder.1. An absorbent article obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of a powder of an absorbent resin having a carboxyl group selected from the group consisting of hydrolyzate of starch\/acrylonitrile graft copolymer; partial neutralization product of starch\/acrylic acid graft copolymer; saponification product of vinyl acetate\/acrylic ester copolymer; hydrolyzate of acrylonitrile copolymers; hydrolyzate of acrylamide copolymer; crosslinked product of any of the foregoing copolymers; partial neutralization product of polyacrylic acid; and crosslinked partial neutralization product of polyacrylic acid; with 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a crosslinking agent having at least two functional groups capable of reacting with the carboxyl group per molecule and reacting the absorbent resin powder with the crosslinking agent to crosslink the molecular chains existing at least in the vicinity of the surface of the absorbent resin powder.","label":"Household","id":905} +{"sentence":"Water absorbing agent, water absorbent core using the agent, and manufacturing method for water absorbing agentA water absorbing agent of the present invention has an internal crosslinking structure obtained by polymerization of a water-soluble unsaturated monomer. The agent satisfies conditions (a) to (d): (a) the agent contains water-insoluble inorganic particles at an amount of from 10 ppm to 1,900 ppm inclusive; (b) the agent contains 5 mass % or less particles which have such a size that they can pass through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 150 μm; (c) the agent has an absorbency against a pressure of 4.83 kPa (AAP) of 18 g\/g or more; and (d) the water-insoluble inorganic particles reside on a surface of the water absorbing resin or near the surface.1. A water absorbing agent containing water absorbing resin particles with an internal crosslinking structure obtained by polymerization of a water-soluble unsaturated monomer, the agent satisfying conditions (a) to (d) below: (a) the agent contains water-insoluble inorganic particles at an amount of from 10 ppm to 1,900 ppm, inclusive, relative to the agent, wherein the water-insoluble inorganic particles include silicon dioxide, and the silicon dioxide has, on a surface thereof, residual silanol groups at a concentration from 0.7 to 1.7 SiOH\/nm2; (b) the agent contains 5 mass % or less water absorbing resin particles which have such a size that they can pass through a sieve having a mesh opening size of 150 μm; (c) the agent has an absorbency against a pressure of 4.83 kPa (AAP) of 18 g\/g or more; and (d) the water-insoluble inorganic particles reside on a surface of the water absorbing resin.","label":"Household","id":906} +{"sentence":"Plasticizer composition which comprises cycloalkyl esters of saturated dicarboxylic acids and terephthalic estersThe present invention relates to a plasticizer composition which comprises at least one cycloalkyl ester of saturated dicarboxylic acids and at least one terephthalic ester, to molding compositions which comprise a thermoplastic polymer or an elastomer and this plasticizer composition, and to the use of these plasticizer compositions and molding compositions.1. A plasticizer composition comprising a1) one or more compounds of the formula (I.a), in which A is methyl or ethyl, n is 1 or 2 and R1and R2are selected independently of each other from C5-C7-cycloalkyl, where the cycloalkyl moieties are unsubstituted or can be substituted by at least one C1-C10-alkyl moiety, and b) one or more compounds of the formula (II), in which R3and R4are selected independently of each other from branched and unbranched C7-C12-alkyl moieties.","label":"HouseConst","id":907} +{"sentence":"DISCHARGE SOLIDIFIER AND MALODOUR CONTROLAn ostomy bag insert ( 104 ) comprising a polyacrylate superabsorbent ( 300 ) and a powdered zeolite ( 301 ). The ostomy bag insert is configured to absorb fluids excreted by the body and to control odours resultant from the excreted matter within the ostomy bag ( 100 ). The present zeolite exhibits enhanced odour control.1 . An ostomy bag insert comprising: a polyacrylate superabsorbent; and a powdered zeolite; wherein the superabsorbent is coated with the powdered zeolite.","label":"Household","id":908} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing acrolein or methacroleinA method for preparing acrolein or methacrolein comprises subjecting propylene, secondary propanol, isobutylene or tertiary butanol to gas phase catalytic oxidation with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst represented by the following general formula (I): [Equation] MoaBibFecXdYOZfOg(I) wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni and Co; Y represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, Cs and Tl; and Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, Ti, Zr, Nb, Cr, W, Mn, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb, S, Se and Te; a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represents an atomic ratio of the corresponding element and when a is assumed to be 12, b=0.1_10, c=0.1_20, d=2_20, e=0.01_2, f=0_4 and g represents the number of oxygen atoms required for satisfying the valency requirement of the constituent elements, wherein the catalyst used is prepared by separately preparing solutions each of which contains the starting compound for the foregoing catalyst components, mixing these solutions within a short period of time, spray-drying the resulting mixture immediately after the mixing and then calcining the dried powder. A catalyst which further comprises 5 to 15% by weight of silica in addition to the foregoing composition is also used in the method. End products can be obtained in high conversion and selectivity through the use of the foregoing catalyst. Moreover, the catalyst is excellent in stability and has good reproducibility.1. A method for preparing acrolein or methacrolein which comprises subjecting propylene, secondary propanol, isobutylene or tertiary butanol to gas phase catalytic oxidation with molecular oxygen in the presence of a catalyst represented by the following general formula (I): [Equation] MoaBibFecXdYeZfOz(I) wherein X represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ni and Co; Y represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb, Cs and Tl; and Z represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ce, Ti, Zr, Nb, Cr, W, Mn, Cu, Ag, Zn, Cd, B, Al, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb, S, Se and Te; a, b, c, d, e, f and g each represents an atomic ratio of the corresponding element and when a is 12, b=0.1_10, c=0.1_20, d=2_20, e=0.01_2, f=0_4 and g represents the number of oxygen atoms required for satisfying the valency requirement of the constituent elements, method being characterized in using a catalytic composition obtained by separately preparing solutions each of which contains the starting compound for the foregoing catalyst components, mixing these solutions within a short period of time without aging, spray-drying the resulting mixture immediately after the mixing and then calcining the dried powders.","label":"Catalyst","id":909} +{"sentence":"Secondary deethanizer to debottleneck an ethylene plantA process for deethanizing light hydrocarbons comprising olefins is disclosed. A feed stream, comprising ethylene, ethane, propylene, and propane, is supplied to a primary deethanizer 24 , having absorption and stripping sections. The absorption section produces an overhead vapor effluent 128 , consisting primarily of ethylene and ethane, which is supplied to a C2 splitter to separate ethane and ethylene. The stripping section produces a primary deethanizer bottoms stream having an ethane concentration from 1 to 20 mole percent of the feed ethane. The primary deethanizer bottoms 120 are cooled and supplied to a secondary deethanizer 142 having absorption and stripping sections. The absorption section is refluxed, producing an overhead effluent 154 essentially free of ethylene. The stripping section is refluxed to produce a secondary deethanizer bottoms stream essentially free of ethane. The secondary deethanizer bottoms stream is supplied to a depropanizer or C3 splitter for separation of the remaining olefins.1. A process for deethanizing a light hydrocarbon stream comprising olefins, comprising: feeding one or more light hydrocarbon streams comprising ethylene, ethane, propylene and propane to a primary deethanizer having absorption and stripping sections at a primary deethanizer pressure; refluxing the absorption section of the primary deethanizer to produce a rectified stream or streams containing less than 1 mole percent propylene and propane, wherein the rectified stream or streams together comprise from 80 to 99 percent of the feed ethane; reboiling the stripping section of the primary deethanizer to produce a primary deethanizer bottoms stream comprising from 1 to 20 percent of the feed ethane; feeding the primary deethanizer bottoms stream to a secondary deethanizer having absorption and stripping sections at a pressure less than the primary deethanizer pressure; refluxing the absorption section of the secondary deethanizer to produce an overhead vapor stream of ethane essentially free of ethylene; and reboiling the stripping section of the secondary deethanizer to produce a deethanized stream essentially free of ethane.","label":"Process","id":910} +{"sentence":"Rubber compositions[Object] The invention provides rubber compositions having excellent filler dispersibility, crosslinked products having excellent properties such as abrasion resistance, and tires that exhibit enhanced rolling resistance performance and attain simultaneous enhancements in steering stability and ice grip performance by virtue of using the compositions or the crosslinked products in portions of the tires. [Solution] The rubber composition includes 100 parts by mass of a solid rubber (A), 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of a modified liquid diene rubber (B) that is obtained by adding a modifying agent to an unmodified liquid diene rubber (B′) and has functional groups derived from the modifying agent, and 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler (C). The modified liquid diene rubber (B) satisfies the following (i) to (iv): (i) the content of butadiene units is not less than 50 mass % relative to the total of all monomer units, (ii) the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 25,000 to 120,000, (iii) the amount of the modifying agent added is 3 to 40 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B′), and (iv) the average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is 5 to 80.1. A rubber composition, consisting of: (A) 100 parts by mass of a solid rubber (A), (B) 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of a modified liquid diene rubber (B) that is obtained by adding a modifying agent to an unmodified liquid diene rubber (B′) and has functional groups derived from the modifying agent, (C) 20 to 150 parts by mass of a filler (C) consisting of an inorganic filler, and (D) optionally at least one additional component selected from the group consisting of a crosslinking agent (D), a vulcanization accelerator (E), a vulcanization aid (F), a silane coupling agent, a softener, an antioxidant, a wax, an oxidation inhibitor, a lubricant, a light stabilizer, a scorch inhibitor, a processing aid, a colorant, a flame retardant, an antistatic agent, a matting agent, an antiblocking agent, a UV absorber, a release agent, a foaming agent, an antibacterial agent, a mildew-proofing agent, and a perfume, wherein: the modified liquid diene rubber (B) satisfies the following (i) to (iv): (i) a content of butadiene units is not less than 50 mass % relative to the total of all monomer units, (ii) a weight average molecular weight (Mw) is 25,000 to 120,000, (iii) an amount of the modifying agent added is 3 to 40 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the unmodified liquid diene rubber (B′), and (iv) an average number of functional groups per molecule of the modified liquid diene rubber (B) is 5 to 80, and the modified liquid diene rubber (B) has a peak top molecular weight (Mt) of 25,000 to 120,000.","label":"IndustConst","id":911} +{"sentence":"Modified butadiene-based polymer compositionAn object of the present invention is to improve, in the raw material rubber compound particularly using a silica-based filler, which is used for tire tread, the balance between the rolling resistance and the skid resistance on a wet road surface and at the same time, improve the wear resistance is enhanced. The present invention provides an oil-extended polymer composition comprising 100 parts by weight of (A) a polymer having a number average molecular weight Mn of 500,000 to 700,000 and a content of a functional group-containing polymer component to be adsorbed to silica of 50 wt % or more, and from 20 to 60 parts by weight of (B) an extender oil.1. An oil-extended polymer composition comprising 100 parts by weight of (A) a butadiene-based polymer, and from 20 to 60 parts by weight of (B) an extender oil, wherein said (A) butadiene-based polymer has a number average molecular weight Mn of 500,000 to 700,000, a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 1.8 to 2.3, and wherein said (A) butadiene-based polymer has a polymer component having a molecular weight of 100,000 or more, a molecular weight distribution of said polymer component is monomodal, and a vinyl content of the butadiene unit of 20 to 80 mol %, and wherein 50 wt % or more of the polymer (A) is a functional group-containing polymer component to be is adsorbed to silica, and wherein the polymer (A) is formed from a polymerization reaction continuously performed in two or more connected reactors.","label":"Automobile","id":912} +{"sentence":"Mechanically stable hydrogel-forming polymersHydrogel-forming polymers which have: (i) a Saline Flow Conductivity of at least 40×10-7cm3s\/g; (ii) an AUL 0.7 psi (4826.5 Pa) of at least 20 g\/g; and (iii) a Frangibility Index of at least 60%, are useful in hygienic articles such as incontinence briefs for adults and diapers for infants.1. Hydrogel-forming polymer having (i) a Saline Flow Conductivity (SFC) of at least 40×10-7cm3s\/g (ii) an AUL 0.7 psi (4826.5 Pa) of at least 20 g\/g (iii) a Frangibility Index of at least 60%.","label":"Household","id":913} +{"sentence":"Process For Preparing Silicone ResinsA process is disclosed for preparing silicone resins having improved product purity. The process involves flowing a first liquid containing a silicone resin and an impurity through a fiber bundle, wherein the first liquid and second liquid are substantially immiscible.1 . A process for preparing a silicone resin comprising: I) polymerizing an alkali metal silicate in an acidic aqueous medium to form a silica hydrosol, II) reacting the silica hydrosol with an organosilicon capping compound in a mixture containing an organic or siloxane solvent to form a silicone resin, III) further processing the organic phase containing the silicone resin to remove an impurity by; i) flowing a first liquid through a fiber bundle comprising a plurality of fibers extending lengthwise in a conduit, wherein the bundle has an upstream end and a downstream end, and the first liquid flows in a direction from the upstream end of the bundle to the downstream end; and ii) while continuing (i), flowing a second liquid comprising the organic phase containing the silicone resin and an impurity through the fiber bundle in a direction from the upstream end of the bundle to the downstream end of the bundle to effect transfer of at least a portion of the impurity from the second liquid to the first liquid, wherein the first liquid and the second liquid are substantially immiscible.","label":"IndustConst","id":914} +{"sentence":"Absorbent resin particle, process for producing the same, absorber containing the same, and absorbent articleThere is provided an absorbent resin particle having an absorption rate pattern where the rate is slow in the initial stage, moderate in the middle stage, and fast in the late stage, and there is also provided an absorbent article free from problems such as skin irritation by using the absorbent resin particle. The present invention relates to an absorbent resin particle comprising a crosslinked polymer (A1) including, as an essential constituent unit, a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and\/or a hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2), and a crosslinking agent (b), wherein, in a measurement method of swelled volume per 1 g of the absorbent resin particle against physiological saline, a ratio (t2\/t1) of the time (t2) until swelled volume reaches 40 ml to the time (t1) until the swelled volume reaches 5 ml is 5 to 20.1. An absorbent resin particle comprising a crosslinked polymer (A1) including, as an essential constituent unit: at least one of a water-soluble vinyl monomer (a1) and a hydrolyzable vinyl monomer (a2); and a crosslinking agent (b), wherein, in a measurement method of swelled volume per 1 g of the absorbent resin particle against physiological saline, a ratio (t2\/t1) of the time (t2) until swelled volume reaches 40 ml to the time (t1) until the swelled volume reaches 5 ml is 5 to 20.","label":"Household","id":915} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PRODUCING FATTY ACID ALKYL ESTERS AND\/OR GLYCERINTo provide: a production method using a catalyst which can substantially suppress leaching of active metal components and exhibit high activity for both reactions of transesterification of glycerides and esterification of free fatty acids each contained in a fat or oil; and the catalyst. A method for producing fatty acid alkyl esters and\/or glycerin comprising a step of bringing a fat or oil into contact with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of the following (I) to (V): (I) a metal oxide having an ilmenite structure and\/or a slyrankite structure; (II) an oxide containing a metallic element belonging to the Group 12 and a metallic element belonging to the Group 4; (III) a mixed oxide containing a metallic element belonging to the Group 12 and a tetravalent transition metallic element; (IV) a metal oxide containing zirconium and at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of metallic elements belonging to the Groups 4, 5 and 8; and (V) a metal oxide containing anatase type titanium oxide and\/or rutile type titanium oxide, and the metal oxide containing a sulfur component of 700 ppm or less.1 . A method for producing fatty acid alkyl esters and\/or glycerin comprising a step of bringing a fat or oil into contact with an alcohol in the presence of a catalyst, wherein the catalyst is at least one catalyst selected from the group consisting of the following (I) to (V): (I) a metal oxide having an ilmenite structure and\/or a slyrankite structure; (II) an oxide containing a metallic element belonging to the Group 12 and a metallic element belonging to the Group 4; (III) a mixed oxide containing a metallic element belonging to the Group 12 and a tetravalent transition metallic element; (IV) a metal oxide containing zirconium and at least one metallic element selected from the group consisting of metallic elements belonging to the Groups 4, 5 and 8; and (V) a metal oxide containing anatase type titanium oxide and\/or rutile type titanium oxide, and the metal oxide containing a sulfur component of 700 ppm or less.","label":"Catalyst","id":916} +{"sentence":"Apparatuses and methods for separating butene-1 from a mixed C4 feedA process is disclosed for recovering 1-butene from a feed steam comprising n-butane, isobutane and butene isomers using a single, divided wall distillation column. The disclosed process includes introducing the feed steam into an inlet of a first side of a distillation column, wherein the distillation column comprises a top, a bottom and a center dividing wall extending between the bottom and the top of the column and dividing the column into the first side and a second side. The process includes taking off an isobutane stream from the top of the second side of column, taking off a 1-butene stream as a bottoms stream from the second side of the column, and taking off a combination 2-butene and n-butane stream as a bottom stream from the first side of column.1. A process for recovering 1-butene from a feed stream comprising n-butane, isobutane and butene isomers, the process comprising: introducing the feed steam into an inlet of an distillation column, the distillation column comprising a top, a bottom and a center vertical dividing wall extending from the bottom to the top of the column, the dividing wall dividing the column into a first side and a second side, the inlet being disposed on the first side; taking off an isobutane stream from the top of the second side of the column; taking off a 1-butene stream as a bottoms stream from the second side of the column; and taking off a combination 2-butene and n-butane stream as a bottoms stream from the first side of the column.","label":"Process","id":917} +{"sentence":"Crosslinked polyamine coating on superabsorbent hydrogelsThe invention concerns superabsorbent particles with a shell, wherein said shell comprises a cationic polymer crosslinked by the addition of crosslinker and adhered to hydrogel-forming polymer obtainable by applying a coating solution, containing both a cationic polymer and crosslinker, to hydrogel-forming polymer having a residual water content of less than 10 w %, their production and use.1. A composite comprising a fibrous substrate and superabsorbent particles having a shell, wherein said shell comprises a cationic polymer crosslinked by the addition of a crosslinker and adhered to a hydrogel-forming polymer having a residual water content of less than 10 wt %, said particles prepared by applying a coating solution, containing the cationic polymer and the crosslinker, to the hydrogel-forming polymer, wherein the hydrogel-forming polymer is neutralized at least 50 mole percent and the cationic polymer comprises a polyamine or a polyimine material.","label":"Household","id":918} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing ethylene copolymersA process for preparing polyethylene which comprises ethylene homopolymers and\/or copolymers of ethylene with 1-alkenes and has a molar mass distribution width Mw\/Mn of from 5 to 30, a density of from 0.92 to 0.955 g\/cm3, a weight average molar mass Mw of from 50000 g\/mol to 500 000 g\/mol and has from 0.01 to 20 branches\/1000 carbon atoms and a z-average molar mass Mz of less than 1 million g\/mol.1. A process for preparing ethylene copolymers having a molar mass distribution width Mw\/Mn of from 5 to 30, a density of from 0.92 to 0.955 g\/cm3, a weight average molar mass Mw of from 50,000 g\/mol to 500,000 g\/mol and has from 0.01 to 20 branches\/1000 carbon atoms, a z-average molecular weight Mz of less than 1 million g\/mol, wherein 5-50% by weight of the polyethylene having the lowest molar masses has a degree of branching of less than 12 branches\/1000 carbon atoms and 5-50% by weight of the polyethylene having the highest molar masses has a degree of branching of more than 1 branch\/1000 carbon atoms, the process comprising polymerizing ethylene in the presence of 1-alkenes with 3 to 12 carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising at least two different polymerization catalysts, wherein A) is at least one polymerization catalyst based on a hafnocene (A), and B) is at least one polymerization catalyst based on an iron component having a tridentate ligand bearing at least two aryl radicals with each bearing a halogen or tertiary alkyl substituent in the ortho-position (B).","label":"HouseConst","id":919} +{"sentence":"Degradable foam and use of sameFoams comprising innumerable cells dispersed in thermoplastic polymer compositions substantially consisting of polylactic acid or a copolymer of lactic acid and hydroxycarboxylic acid and having degradable characteristics in the natural environment. The foams can be used for containers such as food trays and throw away cups comprising molded sheet foam of a thermoplastic and degradable polymer or heat insulating materials and cushioning materials comprising bulk foam.1. A method for preparing a degradable foam having numerous cells dispersed throughout a polymer comprised of a polylactic acid or a copolymer of lactic acid and hydroxy carboxylic acid, said method comprising forming a mixture of said polymer and a decomposition foaming agent and decomposing said decomposition type foaming agent to form a melt composition having numerous cells and cooling said composition while maintaining said cells to form said degradable foam.","label":"IndustConst","id":920} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization methodsMethods for making polyolefins are disclosed. One method comprises polymerizing an olefin in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a single-site complex, an agglomerated metal oxide\/clay support-activator, and an ionic borate. Including an ionic borate with the support-activator provides an unexpected boost in catalyst activity and gives polyolefins with high molecular weight and improved comonomer incorporation. In another method of the invention, an olefin is polymerized in the presence of an indenoindolyl metal alkylated complex and an agglomerated metal oxide\/clay support-activator. Use of alkylated indenoindolyl complexes with the support-activators provides improved activity compared with metal halides.1. A method comprising polymerizing an olefin in the presence of a catalyst system comprising a single-site complex, an agglomerated metal oxide\/clay support-activator, and an ionic borate, wherein the complex complex comprises a Group 3-10 transition or lanthanide metal and at least one indenoindolyl ligand.","label":"Catalyst","id":921} +{"sentence":"Catalyst, and processes for dehydrogenating dehydrogenatable hydrocarbonsA process for dehydrogenating dehydrogenatable C2-30hydrocarbons includes contacting the hydrocarbons under dehydrogenating conditions in one or more reaction zones with a solid catalyst. The solid catalyst includes at least a Group VIII noble metal, a Group IVA metal, and a carrier of a mixed oxide of magnesium and aluminum.1. A process for dehydrogenating dehydrogenatable C2-30hydrocarbons comprising contacting the hydrocarbons under suitable dehydrogenation conditions in one or more reaction zones with a solid catalyst comprising a Group VIII noble metal, a Group IVA metal and a mixed magnesium and aluminum oxide carrier having a magnesium oxide structure in which Al3+ cations have replaced part of the Mg2+ cations, in which oxide the molar ratio of magnesium to aluminum ranges from 1:1 to 10:1.","label":"Catalyst","id":922} +{"sentence":"Process for producing 2,2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanal and 2,2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanoic acidThe present invention relates to a process for producing 2,2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanal and 2,2'-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanoic acid as raw materials for dimethylol alkanoic acids or trimethylol alkanes, which are useful for the production of polyesters, polyurethanes, alkyd resins and the like, in an industrially advantageous manner.1. A process for producing 2,2's-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanal represented by the general formula (II): wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, by reacting aliphatic aldehyde represented by general formula (I): [Equation] RCH2CHO (I) wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group, with formaldehyde in the presence of a base catalyst, which comprises: (i) reacting aliphatic aldehyde of general formula (I) with a formaldehyde-containing solution in the presence of a base catalyst to produce 2,2's-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanal and as a by-product 2-substituted acrolein represented by the general formula (III): wherein R is a substituted or unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon group; and (ii) reacting 2-substituted acrolein (III) produced in step (i) with formaldehyde in the presence of a base catalyst in a molar ratio of 2-substituted acrolein (III) to formaldehyde of 1:3 to 1:100 to produce 2,2's-bis(hydroxymethyl)alkanal, the molar ratio of the aliphatic aldehyde to formaldehyde totally charged to the overall process being in the range of 1:1 to 1:5.","label":"Process","id":923} +{"sentence":"Absorbents and process for producing the same, absorbable constructs and absorbable articlesAbsorbents comprising an water-absorbable resin and water-insoluble nonporous spherical monoparticles having an average diameter of 1 to 50 nm; a process for producing these absorbent by mixing the spherical monoparticles, which have been solubilized in water, with dry powdery particles of the water-absorbable resin; absorbable constructs composed of the above absorbent with a matrix wherein the amount of the absorbent ranges from 30 to 95% by weight based on the absorbable construct; and absorbable articles provided with the absorbable construct, a liquid-permeable sheet and an air-permeable back sheet. These absorbents, absorbable constructs and absorbable articles are excellent in the diffusion\/absorption speed and absorption amount of a liquid within the resin even in case of absorbing a liquid containing water-insoluble or hardly water-soluble matters such as menstrual blood or feces.1. A process for producing an absorbent (C), comprising the steps of: (1) carrying out polymerization in the presence of a complex compound (d) of a metal element (d1) and ligand (d2) in which the ligand is an anion or a neutral molecule to obtain a water absorbable resin (A); and (2) mixing a water-insoluble nonporous spherical monoparticle (B) having an average particle diameter of 1 to 50 nm in the water-solubilized state with said resin (A) in dry form, or admixing said (B) with said resin (A) before drying and then drying the mixture under heating.","label":"Household","id":924} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymer having improved absorption rate and absorption under pressureA superabsorbent polymer having improved absorption under pressure and fast absorption rate is obtained by first providing a solution containing carboxylic acid monomers or water soluble salts thereof, and a crosslinking agent. A carbonate blowing agent and a polymerization initiator are added, individually or in combination, to the solution to form a carbonated monomer solution. A polymerization initiator is then added to the carbonated monomer solution which is then polymerized at temperatures ranging from about 0° C. to about 130° C., forming a microcellular hydrogel. The microcellular hydrogel is chopped or ground into gel pieces having a particle diameter ranging from about 0.1 mm to about 5.0 cm. The gel pieces are dried at temperatures ranging from about 85° C. to about 210° C., and are then ground to form a polymer having a particle size of from about 0.05 mm to about 5.0 mm. A mixture is formed from 100 parts by weight of the polymer and about 0.001 to about 30 parts by weight of a surface crosslinking agent. The polymer is reacted with the surface crosslinking agent to crosslink molecular chains existing on a surface of the polymer, forming the superabsorbent polymer.1. A method of making a superabsorbent polymer having improved absorption under pressure and improved absorption rate when absorbing aqueous body fluids, wherein the method comprises the steps of: (a) providing a solution containing carboxylic acid monomers or water soluble salts thereof, and a crosslinking agent; (b) adding a carbonate blowing agent and a polymerization initiator, individually or in combination, to the solution to form a carbonated monomer solution; (c) polymerizing the carbonated monomer solution at temperatures ranging from about 0° C. to about 130° C. to form a microcellular hydrogel; (d) chopping or grinding the microcellular hydrogel into gel pieces having a particle diameter ranging from about 0.1 mm to about 5.0 cm; (e) drying the gel pieces at temperatures ranging from about 85° C. to about 210° C.; (f) grinding the pieces to form a polymer having a particle size of from about 0.05 mm to about 5.0 mm; (g) mixing 100 parts by weight of the polymer with about 0.001 to about 30 parts by weight of a surface crosslinking agent; and (h) reacting the polymer with the surface crosslinking agent to crosslink molecular chains existing on a surface of the polymer, forming the superabsorbent polymer.","label":"Household","id":925} +{"sentence":"Modified diene polymer rubbersA process for preparing modified diene polymer rubbers having an increased impact resilience, a reduced hardness at low temperatures and an improved processability, and useful as rubber materials for automobile tires and other industries which comprises producing a conjugated diene polymer having alkali metal end or ends, and reacting the alkali metal-containing polymer with (a) a silicon or tin compound of the formula: RaMXbwherein R is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, M is silicon atom or tin atom, X is a halogen atom, a is 0, 1 or 2 and b is 2, 3 or 4, and (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of a nitro compound; a phosphoryl chloride compound of the formula (1): wherein R1,R2,R3and R4are an alkyl group; an aminosilane compound of the formula (2): wherein R5,R6and R7are an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group, R8and R9are an alkyl group, and n is an integer; an acrylamide compound of the formula (3): wherein R10is hydrogen atom or methyl group, R11and R12are an alkyl group, and m is an integer; and an aminovinylsilane compound of the formula (4): wherein R13,R14,R15,R16and R17are an alkyl group.1. A process for preparing a modified diene polymer which comprises reacting an alkali metal-containing conjugated diene polymer with (a) a silicon or tin compound of the formula: RaMXbwherein R is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carton atoms, M is a silicon atom or a tin atom, X is a halogen atom, a is 0, 1 or 2 and b is 2, 3 or 4, and an acrylamide compound of the formula (3): wherein R10is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R11and R12are each an alkly group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is an integer; said alkali metal-containing conjugated diene polymer being a living polymer having an alkali metal end prepared by a polymerization of a conjugated diene monomer or a mixture of a conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of an alkali metal-based catalyst, or a diene polymer to which an alkali metal is introduced by an addition reaction of a diene polymer having conjugated diene units in the polymer chain and an alkali metal-based catalyst in a hydrocarbon solvent.","label":"Automobile","id":926} +{"sentence":"Decorative welding rod for surface coveringsThe present invention relates to a decorative welding rod, and to a method to produce a decorative welding rod, comprising a gelified plastisol-based composition comprising a PVC resin in a benzoate plasticizer, and unfused and coloured PVC-based particles.1. A decorative welding rod to join elements of a decorative surface covering comprising unfused and coloured PVC-based particles having a first size and colour, said welding rod comprising a continuous matrix formed by a gelified plastisol-based composition comprising a PVC resin in a benzoate plasticizer, said continuous matrix having embedded therein unfused PVC-based particles having a second size and colour visually matching the first size and colour of the PVC-based particles used in the decorative surface covering.","label":"HouseConst","id":927} +{"sentence":"Diene polymers, process for production, thereof, and rubber compositions containing sameA diene polymer expressed by the following general formula and with a weight average molecular weight, determined by GPC, of 10,000 to 1,000,000: (wherein, D1indicates a diene polymer, R1an organic group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms free from active hydrogen or a silicon compound, m is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 6, and n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 6, m being 1 or more when n=0 and n being 2 or more when m=0). This diene polymer is used as a vulcanization use rubber composition suitable for tire applications, principally tire treads, stiffeners for high impact polystyrene, etc., thermoplastic elastomers, and thermoplastic resins.1. A diene polymer expressed by the following general formula and with a weight average molecular weight, determined by GPC, of 10,000 to 1,000,000: wherein D1is a diene polymer bonded via a carbon-carbon linkage, R1is an organic group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms free from active hydrogen or a silicon compound, m is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 6, and n is 0 or an integer of from 1 to 6; and when m is 1 or more n =0; and when n is 2 or more, m =0.","label":"Automobile","id":928} +{"sentence":"Modified zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts in oxidative dehydrogenationImproved oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts are prepared by modifying a preformed zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst with zinc oxide. The resulting catalyst compositions exhibit higher conversions and yields.1. In the process of oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds having from about 2 to about 20 carbon atoms and at least one group in the presence of a pelleted powder of a zinc ferrite catalyst composition having the empirical formula ZnxFeyOzwherein x is from 0.1 to about 2, y is about 0.3 to about 12 and z is about 3 to about 18 at a temperature of from about 500° F. to about 1,200° F. to thereby produce a dehydrogenated compound having the same number of carbon atoms, the improvement which comprises incorporating into said catalyst composition zinc carbonate by admixing (1) powdered zinc carbonate in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 25 wt.% determined on the basis of zinc oxide and based on the weight of the zinc ferrite composition, (2) powdered zinc ferrite and (3) aqueous phosphoric acid in an amount to dampen the powder mixture of zinc ferrite and zinc carbonate, and pelletizing the mixture.","label":"Catalyst","id":929} +{"sentence":"COLOR STABLE SUPERABSORBENTSuperabsorbents comprising a compound of the formula (I) in which M is a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion, a monovalent metal ion or one equivalent of a divalent metal ion of groups 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 12 or 14 of the periodic table of the elements; R1is OH or NR4R5where R4and R5are each independently H or C1-C6-alkyl; R2is H or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl or aryl group, where this group optionally has 1, 2 or 3 substituents which are each independently selected from C1-C6-alkyl, OH, O—C1-C6-alkyl, halogen and CF3; and R3is COOM, SO3M, COR4, CONR4R5or COOR4, where M, R4and R5are each as defined above or, when R2is aryl which is optionally substituted as specified above, are also H, salts thereof or mixtures of such compounds and\/or salts thereof, exhibit improved stability to discoloration in the course of storage under elevated temperatures and\/or elevated air humidity.1 . A superabsorbent comprising a compound of the formula (I) in which M is a hydrogen atom, an ammonium ion, a monovalent metal ion, or one equivalent of a divalent metal ion of groups 1, 2, 8, 9, 10, 12, or 14 of the periodic table of the elements; R1is OH or NR4R5, where R4and R5are each independently H or C1-C6-alkyl; R2is H or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl group, where this group optionally has 1, 2, or 3 substituents which are each independently selected from C1-C6-alkyl, OH, O—C1-C6-alkyl, halogen, and CF3; and R3is COOM, SO3M, COR4, CONR4R5, or COOR4, where M, R4, and R5are each as defined above or, when R2is aryl which is optionally substituted as specified above, are also H, salts thereof or mixtures of such compounds and\/or salts thereof.","label":"Household","id":930} +{"sentence":"Adjusting polymer compositionA scavenger is used to indirectly control the ratio of polymer components in a polyethylene composition made using a combination catalyst comprising an inorganic chromium catalyst, and a group 4 single site catalyst.1. A process to co-polymerize ethylene and at least one co-monomer in the presence of at least one catalyst poison using a combination catalyst to provide a polymer composition comprising a first polymer component and a second polymer component wherein said process comprises: adjusting the ratio of said first polymer component to said second polymer component by altering the amount of scavenger present; wherein said combination catalyst comprises: an inorganic chromium catalyst, a group 4 single site catalyst, one or more activators; and a support; wherein said inorganic chromium catalyst provides said first polymer component and said group 4 single site catalyst provides said second polymer component; wherein said catalyst poison reduces the polymerization activity of said group 4 single site catalyst relative to said inorganic chromium catalyst; and wherein lowering the level of scavenger in ppm (weight of scavenger relative to the weight of polymer produced in parts per million) from a first higher level to a second lower level, increases said ratio of said first polymer component to said second polymer component, and raising the level of scavenger in ppm (weight of scavenger relative to the weight of polymer produced in parts per million) from a first lower level to a second higher level, decreases said ratio of said first polymer component to said second polymer component.","label":"Catalyst","id":931} +{"sentence":"Process for producing (meth)acrylic acid compoundIn a process for producing a (meth)acrylic acid compound by catalytic vapor phase oxidation, the (meth)acrylic acid compound is produced constantly and efficiently by preventing the change in the composition of the raw material mixed gas, the abnormal temperature increase in the oxidation reactor and the deterioration of the catalytic activity or the useful catalyst life. In the process for producing (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid by the catalytic vapor phase oxidation reaction of propylene, propane or isobutylene in the oxidation reactor, the temperature of the raw material mixed gas introduced to the oxidation reactor is maintained to be at least the dew point temperature of the raw material mixed gas.1. A process for producing a (meth)acrylic acid compound, which comprises reacting a raw material mixed gas by catalytic vapor phase oxidation in an oxidation reactor to produce (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid, characterized in that the temperature of the raw material mixed gas introduced to the oxidation reactor is maintained to be at least the dew point temperature of the raw material mixed gas, wherein the temperature of the raw material mixed gas introduced to the oxidation reactor is maintained to be higher by from 5 to 25° C. than the dew point temperature of the raw material mixed gas.","label":"Catalyst","id":932} +{"sentence":"Catalyst system for the oxidative dehydrogenation of alkylaromatics or paraffins to the corresponding alkenylaromatics or olefinsCatalytic system for the oxidative dehydrogenation of alkylaromatics (in particular ethylbenzene) or paraffins to the corresponding alkenylaromatics (in particular styrene) or to the corresponding olefins, consisting of: a vanadium oxide; a bismuth oxide; and a carrier based on magnesium, wherein the vanadium, expressed as V 2 O 5 , is in a quantity ranging from 1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 2 to 10%, the bismuth, expressed as Bi 2 O 3 , ranges from 2 to 30% by weight, preferably from 5 to 25% by weight, the complement to 100 being the carrier.1. A catalyst system consisting of from 1 to 15% by wt of V 2 O 5 , and from 2 to 30% by wt of Bi 2 O 3 in combination functioning as catalytically active oxides for the oxidative dehydrogenation of alkylaromatics and paraffins, the percentages based on the weight of the catalyst system, supported on a carrier which is the remainder of the catalyst system and is a member selected from the group consisting of (i) magnesium oxide, (ii) a combination of magnesium oxide and zirconium oxide and (iii) a combination of magnesium hydrotalcite and aluminum hydrotalcite.","label":"Catalyst","id":933} +{"sentence":"Composite with gloss reducing polymer compositionThermoplastic polymer compositions are disclosed that can be processed into capstocks having a reduced gloss appearance, high impact strength and superior weatherability. The capstocks described herein are especially useful for extrusion into articles. They are also useful for application to various poor weathering structural plastic articles for preparing multi-layered composites having improved weatherability. Methods for manufacturing structural plastic capstocks and composites and articles produced therefrom having reduced gloss appearance are also described.1. A synthetic composite comprising: (a) an extrudable thermoplastic substrate layer and (b) an extrudable thermoplastic capstock layer disposed thereon comprising (A) a core\/shell polymer wherein (i) the core comprises 45 to 99.9, parts by weight of units derived from at least one C1-C8 alkyl acrylate monomer, and from 0.1 to 5 parts by weight of units derived from at least one crosslinker, and (ii) the shell comprises 80 to 99 parts by weight of units derived from at least one C1-C8 alkyl methacrylate monomer, and 1 to 20 by weight of units derived from at least one ethylenically unsaturated copolymerizable monomer different from the at least one C1-C8 alkyl methacrylate monomer and wherein the shell has a Tg above 20° C.; and (B) at least 1% by weight of a curable gloss reducing acrylic polymer that contains 1-15%, by weight of the curable gloss reducing acrylic polymer, of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of (mono, di, tri alkoxysilyl) alkyl(meth)acrylate, methylol acrylamide, methylol methacrylamide, methyl acrylamidoglycolate methyl ether, and acrylamidoglycolic acid.","label":"IndustConst","id":934} +{"sentence":"Multi-stage oxidative dehydrogenation process with inter-stage coolingA method of oxidatively dehydrogenating a dehydrogenation reactant includes providing a first gaseous feed stream to a first adiabatic, catalytic reaction zone with less than a stoichiometric amount of oxygen and superheated steam, oxidatively dehydrogenating dehydrogenation reactant in said first adiabatic, catalytic reaction zone and subsequently cooling the effluent, adding additional oxygen and reacting the effluent stream in at least one subsequent adiabatic reaction zone. The dehydrogenation system enables higher conversion and yield per pass and in some cases greatly reduces steam usage and energy costs. In a preferred integrated process, ethylene is converted to n-butene which is then oxidatively dehydrogenated to butadiene.1. A method of oxidatively dehydrogenating a dehydrogenation reactant comprising: (a) providing a first gaseous feed stream to a first adiabatic, catalytic reaction zone at a first-stage inlet temperature, the first feed stream including a dehydrogenation reactant, oxygen and superheated steam, wherein the molar ratio of superheated steam to dehydrogenation reactant is from 0.5:1 to 7.5:1; (b) oxidatively dehydrogenating dehydrogenation reactant in said first adiabatic, catalytic reaction zone to provide a first-stage effluent stream enriched in said dehydrogenated product at a first-stage effluent temperature above said first-stage inlet temperature; (c) cooling the first-stage effluent stream in a first heat transfer zone to a second-stage inlet temperature lower than said first-stage effluent temperature to provide a second gaseous feed stream comprising superheated steam, dehydrogenation reactant and dehydrogenated product, wherein the cooling of the first stage effluent stream is carried out (i) by indirect heat exchange with a heat exchanger or (ii) by direct heat exchange by way of atomizing water into said stream; (d) feeding said second gaseous feed stream at said second-stage inlet temperature to a second adiabatic, catalytic reaction zone along with additional oxygen; (e) oxidatively dehydrogenating dehydrogenation reactant in said second adiabatic, catalytic reaction zone to provide a second stage effluent stream further enriched in said dehydrogenated product at a second stage effluent temperature above said second-stage inlet temperature; and (f) recovering said dehydrogenated product, wherein the temperature delta between the first stage inlet temperature and the first stage effluent temperature is from 200° F. to 600° F. and the temperature delta between the second stage inlet temperature and the second stage effluent temperature is from 200° F. to 600° F.","label":"Catalyst","id":935} +{"sentence":"Isolation of acrylic acid by means of a distillation column having a side offtakeThe present process separates acrylic acid from a composition containing acrylic acid and at least one accompanying product. The process first involves contacting the composition with an aqueous liquid stream to give a liquid solution of acrylic acid, accompanying product, and water. The water then forms an azeotrope with an entrainer, which is added to the solution. Distillation then separates the solution into an overhead product containing the azeotrope and a bottom product containing acrylic acid and accompanying product. The overhead product is separated into water and entrainer and the bottom product is separated in a distillation column into acrylic acid and accompanying product. The process provides a way to remove high- and low-boiling products with a small number of distillation columns.1. A process for separating acrylic acid from a composition that comprises acrylic acid and an accompanying product, the process comprising: first, contacting the composition with an aqueous liquid stream, thereby obtaining a liquid solution comprising acrylic acid, accompanying product, and water, adding an entrainer to the liquid solution, thereby obtaining a heterogeneous minimum azeotrope with the water of the liquid solution, separating the liquid solution by distillation into an overhead product comprising the minimum azeotrope and a bottom product comprising acrylic acid and the accompanying product, separating the overhead product into water and a recirculatable entrainer, and separating the bottom product by distillation into acrylic acid and the accompanying product, wherein separating the bottom product comprises: introducing and separating the bottom product in a distillation column that comprises a side offtake, taking off high-boiling constituents of the accompanying product from a bottom of the distillation column, taking off low-boiling constituents of the accompanying product from a top of the distillation column, and taking off the acrylic acid from the side offtake, wherein taking off the acrylic acid from the side offtake comprises taking off the acrylic acid from the side offtake in a liquid form, wherein the distillation column is a dividing wall column comprising a dividing wall extending essentially vertically through the column, wherein the dividing wall extends from a dividing wall-free top region to a dividing wall-free bottom region or to a floor of a bottom, and wherein the distillation column further comprises a barrier wall that is constructed to close off a part of the distillation column located on a side of the side offtake from the dividing wall-free top region.","label":"Process","id":936} +{"sentence":"Promoted multi-metal oxide catalystA promoted multi-metal oxide catalyst is useful for the vapor phase oxidation of an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, to an unsaturated carboxylic acid and for the vapor phase ammoxidation of an alkane, or a mixture of an alkane and an alkene, to an unsaturated nitrile.1. A catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula [Equation] MoaVbNcXdZeOf wherein N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb, Sn, Ge and Bi, X is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pt, B, In, As, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, La, Sc, Au, Ag, Pd, Ga, Pr, Re, Ir, Nd, Y, Sm, Tb, W, Ce, Cu and Zn, and Z is selected from the group consisting of Se and Bi; and wherein, when a=1, b=0.01 to 1.0, c=0.01 to 1.0, d=0.01 to 1.0, e=0.01 to 0.1 and f is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements; with the proviso that, when Z is Se, Sb and Ga are not simultaneously present in the mixed metal oxide.","label":"Catalyst","id":937} +{"sentence":"Low density ethylene-based polymers with extracts at lower molecular weightsThe invention provides an ethylene-based polymer comprising the following properties: A) a \"weight fraction (w) of molecular weight greater than 106 g\/mole, based on the total weight of polymer, and as determined by GPC(abs),\" that meets the following relationship: wE3AR7AR8A, wherein E3Ais C or Si, and R7Aand R8Aare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula —CR7BR8B—CR7CR8C—, wherein R7B, R8B, R7C, and R8Care independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms, or a bridging group having the formula —SiR7DR8D—SiR7ER8E—, wherein R7D, R8D, R7E, and R8Eare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms; R9and R10are independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; and Cp1is a cyclopentadienyl or indenyl group, any substituent on Cp1is H or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; formula (D) is wherein: M4is Zr or Hf; X6and X7are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; E4is a bridging group selected from: a cyclic or heterocyclic bridging group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula >E4AR12AR13A, wherein E4Ais C or Si, and R12Aand R13Aare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula —CR12BR13B—CR12CR13C—, wherein R12B, R13B, R12C, and R13Care independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms, or a bridging group having the formula —SiR12DR13D—SiR12ER13E—, wherein R12D, R13D, R12E, and R13Eare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms; and R14, R15, R16and R17are independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; formula (E) is wherein: M5is Zr or Hf; X8and X9are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; and E5is a bridging group selected from: a cyclic or heterocyclic bridging group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula >E5AR20AR21A, wherein E5Ais C or Si, and R20Aand R21Aare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula —(CH2)n—, wherein n is an integer from 2 to 6, inclusive, or a bridging group having the formula —SiR20BR21B—SiR20CR21C—, wherein R20B, R21B, R20C, and R21Care independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms; and formula (F) is wherein: M6is Zr or Hf; X10and X11are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; and Cp2and Cp3are independently a cyclopentadienyl, indenyl or fluorenyl group, any substituent on Cp2and Cp3is independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":949} +{"sentence":"Catalyst compositions and processes for olefin polymers and copolymersThe present invention is directed to certain novel late transition metal salicylaldimine chelates and, further, to novel bidentate ligand compounds of substituted salicylaldimine, and their utility as polymerization catalysts alone or in combination with adjunct agent and\/or Lewis base in processes of polymerizing olefin monomers and copolymerizing olefin monomers with functionalized olefin monomers.1. The compound represented by the formula: wherein R independently represents hydrogen atom; C 1 -C 11 alkyl; aryl; or substituted aryl, provided that R represents at least one hydrogen atom, and z is 1 when A is oxygen or sulfur or z is 2 when A is nitrogen, R 1 represents a C 1 -C 11 alkyl; aryl; substituted aryl wherein the substitution group is selected from C 1 -C 4 alkyl, perfluoroalkyl, nitro, sulfonate or halo group; arylalkyl; siloxyl of the formula —OSiZ 3 where Z is selected from phenyl or C 1 -C 4 alkyl; or a hydrocarbyl terminated oxyhydrocarbylene group of the formula —(BO) z R 7 wherein each B independently is selected from a C 1 -C 4 alkylene or an arylene group, O represents oxygen, R 7 represents a C 1 -C 11 hydrocarbyl group and z is an integer of 1 to 4; R 2 represents hydrogen atom, aryl, substituted aryl, C 1 -C 11 alkyl, halogen atom or R 1 and R 2 , together, provide a hydrocarbylene or substituted hydrocarbylene which forms an aromatic or non-aromatic carbocyclic ring; R 3 represents hydrogen; R 4 represents hydrogen atom, a C 1 -C 11 alkyl; an aryl; substituted aryl group; or R 3 or R 4 , together, provide a hydrocarbylene or substituted hydrocarbylene forming a non-aromatic carbocyclic ring; R 5 represents a C 1 -C 11 alkyl; C 5 -C 8 cycloalkyl; aryl group; a substituted aryl having one or both ortho positions of the aromatic group substituted with a C 1 -C 4 alkyl, the para position (with respect to the N—R 5 bond) substituted with a hydrogen, nitro, trifluoromethyl, halogen, methoxy, C 1 -C 4 alkyl, sulfonate or fused or unfused aryl group; or a hydrocarbyl terminated oxyhydrocarbylene group of the formula —(BO) z R 7 ); or R 1 and R 5 together form an oxyhydrocarbylene chain, —(BO) m B—, wherein each B is independently selected from a C 1 -C 4 alkylene group or an arylene group and m is an integer of 1-4; n represents an integer of 0 or 1; X represents a hydrogen atom or an electron withdrawing group selected from the group consisting essentially of NO 2 , halo, sulfonate (SO 3 − ), sulfonyl ester (SO 2 R), carboxyl (COO − ), a perfluoroalkyl, and a carboxylic ester group; and A represents oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur.","label":"Catalyst","id":950} +{"sentence":"Catalyst composition and process for di-, tri- and\/or tetramerization of ethyleneThe present invention relates to a catalyst composition and a process for di-, tri- and\/or tetramerization of ethylene, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a chromium compound, a ligand of the general structure (A) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—H or (B) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—PR6R7, or any cyclic derivatives of (A) and (B), wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNPN-unit or PNPNP-unit is member of a ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of structures (A) or (B) by substitution and a co-catalyst or activator.1. A catalyst composition comprising: (a) a chromium compound; (b) a ligand of the general structure (A) R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—H,  wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5 are independently selected from halogen, amino, trimethylsilyl, C1-C10-alkyl, aryl and substituted aryl, and said ligand may be a cyclic derivative of (A), wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the ligand is a member of a ring system formed from one or more constituent compounds of the ligand by substitution;  and (c) an activator or co-catalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":951} +{"sentence":"Process for producing N-vinyl pyrrolidone polymer having low residual monomerThis invention relates to an improved process for the batch polymerization, neat, of a monomer system comprising N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer utilizing an oil soluble,-thermally activated, free radical initiator. The improvement for reducing the monomer level from about 1 to 2% by weight of the polymerization product to a level below about 0.2 and preferably below about 0.1% by weight of the polymerization reaction product comprises continuously adding an oil soluble azo type free radical generating catalyst to the polymerization reaction product and establishing and maintaining the polymerization reaction product containing residual monomer at a temperature and for a time sufficient to effect substantial polymerization of the residual monomer. Typically the oil soluble, azo type free radical generating catalyst is azobis(isobutyronitrile).1. In a process for the batch polymerization of a solventless monomer system comprising N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer for forming a polymer containing reaction product having from about 1 to 2 weight percent residual N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer, the improvement for reducing the level of residual N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer in the polymerization reaction product below about 0.2% by weight which comprises: continuously adding an oil soluble, thermally activated azo containing free radical generating catalyst to the polymerization reaction product; and establishing and maintaining the reaction product at a temperature sufficient for effecting polymerization and for a time sufficient to effect polymerization of original monomer to a level below about 0.2% by weight.","label":"HouseConst","id":952} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing superabsorbent polymer and superabsorbent polymerThe present invention relates to a method for preparing superabsorbent polymer that has antibacterial activity, in which the basic properties of superabsorbent polymer are maintained or improved, and may exhibits excellent bacterial proliferation inhibition effect, and superabsorbent polymer prepared thereby. The preparation method of superabsorbent polymer comprises the steps of: forming base polymer powder using hydogel polymer comprising crosslinked polymer, and then, surface crosslinking the base polymer powder using a surface crosslinking solution comprising a surface crosslinking agent and cuprous oxide, wherein the cuprous oxide is included in the content of 0.001 to 2.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base polymer powder.1. A method for preparing superabsorbent polymer comprising the steps of conducting crosslinking polymerization of water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomers having acid groups of which at least a part are neutralized, in the presence of an internal crosslinking agent, to form hydrogel polymer; drying, grinding and sieving the hydrogel polymer to form base polymer powder; and surface crosslinking the base polymer powder using a surface crosslinking solution comprising a surface crosslinking agent and cuprous oxide as an antibacterial agent, wherein the cuprous oxide is included in the content of 0.001 to 2.5 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the base polymer powder.","label":"Household","id":953} +{"sentence":"Mixed catalysts for use in a polymerization processThe present invention relates to mixed catalyst system of at least one bridged, bulky ligand metallocene-type compound, and at least one bridged, asymmetrically substituted, bulky ligand metallocene-type compound, a method of making the mixed catalyst system and to there use in a polymerization process to produce polymers having an unexpected improvement in processability.1. A process for polymerizing olefin(s) in the presence of a mixed catalyst system comprising at least two different metallocene compounds, the mixed catalyst system comprising a bridged, bulky ligand metallocene catalyst compound and a bridged, asymmetrically substituted, bulky ligand metallocene catalyst compound and at least one activator.","label":"HouseConst","id":954} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic resin composition and composite molded productA thermoplastic resin composition that includes 100 parts by mass of a first vinyl (co)polymer (I) that is produced by (co)polymerization of at least one monomer component selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyl compounds, vinyl cyanide compounds, and other vinyl monomers copolymerizable with these compounds, and 1 to 100 parts by mass of a vinyl copolymer (II) that is produced by copolymerization of a vinyl cyanide compound and another vinyl monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl cyanide compound and in which the content of the vinyl cyanide compound component in an acetone soluble fraction of the copolymer ranges from 0.1% to 15% by mass.1. A thermoplastic resin composition comprising: 100 parts by mass of a first vinyl (co)polymer (I) that is produced by (co)polymerization of at least one monomer component selected from the group consisting of aromatic vinyl compounds, vinyl cyanide compounds, and other vinyl monomers copolymerizable with these compounds; and 1 to 100 parts by mass of a second vinyl copolymer (II) that is produced by copolymerization of a vinyl cyanide compound and another vinyl monomer copolymerizable with the vinyl cyanide compound and in which the content of the vinyl cyanide compound component in an acetone soluble fraction of the copolymer ranges from 0.1% to 15% by mass, wherein the thermoplastic resin composition is used with another resin in coextrusion or coinjection molding, said another resin comprising one or at least two materials selected from the group consisting of PS resins, HIPS resins, waste PS resins, and waste HIPS resins.","label":"Automobile","id":955} +{"sentence":"Metal powder and electronic componentMetal powder has composite particles each coated with a Zn-based ferrite film not containing Ni.1. Metal powder comprising: composite particles that are metal magnetic particles each coated with a Zn-based ferrite film essentially free of Ni, the Zn-based ferrite film being coated with a Ni—Zn ferrite film.","label":"Catalyst","id":956} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing heteropolyacid catalyst and method for producing methacrylic acidA novel method for preparing a heteropolyacid catalyst containing a heteropolyacid composed of molybdophosphoric acid and\/or molybdovanadophosphoric acid, or a salt of the heteropolyacid, is provided. The method comprises preparing an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion which (1) contains the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, nitrate anions and ammonium ions, (2) the ammonium ion content not exceeding 1.7 mols per mol of the nitrate anion content, and (3) the ammonium ion content not exceeding 10 mols per 12 mols of the molybdenum atom content by mixing raw materials containing the catalyst-constituting elements with the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in the presence of water, drying and calcining the same. This heteropolyacid catalyst excels over conventional catalysts in performance, life and strength.1. A method for preparing a heteropolyacid catalyst containing a heteropolyacid composed of molybdophosphoric acid and\/or molybdovanadophosphoric acid, or a salt of the heteropolyacid, in the presence of a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, said method comprising preparing an aqueous solution or aqueous dispersion which (1) contains the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound, nitrate anions and ammonium ions, (2) the ammonium ion content not exceeding 1.7 mols per mol of the nitrate anion content, and (3) the ammonium ion content not exceeding 10 mols per 12 mols of the molybdenum atom content, by mixing raw materials containing the catalyst-constituting elements with the nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound in the presence of water, drying and calcining the same.","label":"Catalyst","id":957} +{"sentence":"Polycyclic aromatic group - pendant polysilanes and conductive polymers derived therefromPolycyclic aromatic group-pendant polysilanes of the following general formula are described. [Equation] [(R1R2Si)k(R3R4Si)m]n wherein R1,R2,R3,and R4are, respectively, a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group provided that at least one of R3and R4is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a polycyclic aromatic group or a biphenyl group. When the polysilane is doped with an oxidative dopant, the polymer is rendered electrically conductive and has thus wide utility in various fields of photoconductive and electrically conductive materials without involving degradation of the polysilane.1. A polycyclic or biphenyl aromatic group-pendant polysilane of the following formula (1) [Equation] [(R1R2Si)k(R3R4Si)m]n(1) where in R1R2,R3and R4are independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent hydrocarbon group provided that at least one of R3and R4is a monovalent hydrocarbon group having a polycyclic aromatic group of the following formula (2) or a biphenyl group of the following formula (3) [Equation] R5--CpH2p-- (2) wherein R5represents a polycyclic aromatic group, p is an integer of 1≤p≤12, wherein q is an integer of 1 to 6, k, m and n are independently selected such that 0≤k<, 00 to 0.2; d is>0 to 0.5; e is>0 to 0.5; and z is the number of oxygen atoms required to satisfy the valency of Mo, V, Al, X, and Y in the composition.","label":"Catalyst","id":983} +{"sentence":"Method for inhibiting the growth of microbes with a modified cellulose fiberA method of inhibiting the growth of bacteria in an absorbent device by using kraft pulp fiber subjected to an acidic, catalyzed peroxide treatment process incorporated into a single stage of a multi-stage bleaching process.1. A method of inhibiting the growth of microbes in an absorbent device comprising: providing an absorbent device comprising at least one absorbent portion and including within the at least one absorbent portion of the device kraft pulp fiber that has been bleached according to a multi-stage bleaching process, wherein at least one stage of the process comprises oxidizing the Kraft pulp fiber with at least one peroxide and at least one catalyst under acidic conditions, wherein the at least one oxidizing stage is followed by at least one bleaching stage, and wherein the ISO brightness of the kraft pulp fiber at the end of the multi-stage bleaching process comprising the at least one oxidizing stage is at least about 88, wherein the kraft pulp fiber exhibits a hemicellulose content from about 16% to about 25%, an aldehyde content ranging from about 1 meq\/100 g to about 9 meq\/100 g, and a carboxyl content of at least about 3 meq\/100 g, and wherein the kraft pulp fiber does not comprise an optical brightening agent.","label":"Household","id":984} +{"sentence":"Composite laminates and uses thereofThe present invention generally relates to composite laminates and uses thereof in articles in need of protection from mechanical damage and water or oxygen based degradation.1. An organic polymer-glass laminate comprising, sequentially, a first organic polymer layer, a glass layer, and a first silane-containing polyolefin layer, the glass layer having spaced-apart opposing first and second faces, the first and second faces being spaced-apart by a distance of from 25 micrometers to 500 micrometers; the first organic polymer layer being in direct adhering operative contact to the first face of the glass layer and the first silane-containing polyolefin layer being in direct adhering operative contact to the second face of the glass layer; the organic polymer-glass laminate being characterizable by passing a simulated hail impact test based on standard IEC 1262; and at least one of a water vapor transmission rate through the organic polymer-glass laminate of less than 0.0004 grams of water vapor per square meter of an exposed surface area of the organic polymer-glass laminate per day and an oxygen gas transmission rate through the organic polymer-glass laminate of less than 0.0001 cubic centimeters of oxygen gas per (square meter of the exposed surface area, day, bar (cm3\/(m2*day*bar)) wherein (a) the first organic polymer layer comprises a protecting layer or reinforcing layer, the protecting layer or reinforcing layer comprising a material other than a silane-containing polyolefin and\/or (b) the organic polymer-glass laminate further comprising a second organic polymer layer, the second organic polymer layer comprising a protecting layer or reinforcing layer and being in direct adhering operative contact to the first organic polymer layer or first silane-containing polyolefin layer.","label":"HouseConst","id":985} +{"sentence":"Copolymer, production process thereof, lubricating oil viscosity modifier, and lubricating oil compositionCopolymers when used as lubricating oil viscosity modifiers enable lubricating oils to show excellent low-temperature properties. Processes for producing the copolymers are disclosed. Lubricating oil viscosity modifiers and lubricating oil compositions contain the copolymers. A copolymer includes structural units derived from ethylene and structural units derived from a C3-20 α-olefin and satisfies the following requirements (1) to (8): (1) the melting point (Tm) according to DSC is in the range of 0 to 60° C.; (2) the melting point (Tm) and the density D (g\/cm3) satisfy the equation: Tm≧1073×D−893; (3) Mw\/Mn according to GPC is from 1.6 to 5.0; (4) the half-value width (ΔThalf) of a melting peak measured by DSC is not more than 90° C.; (5) the half-value width (ΔThalf) and the melting point (Tm) satisfy the equation: ΔThalf≦−0.71×Tm+101.4; (6) the heat of fusion (ΔH) as measured by DSC is not more than 60 J\/g; (7) the crystallization temperature (Tc) measured by DSC is not more than 70° C.; (8) the heat of fusion (ΔH), the crystallization temperature (Tc), each measured by DSC and the crystallization temperature measured by a CRYSTAF method (Tcrystaf) satisfy the equation: Tc−Tcrystaf≧0.028×ΔH+25.3.1. A process for producing a copolymer, which process comprises polymerizing ethylene and a C3-20 α-olefin in the presence of two or more polymerization catalysts and a chain transfer catalyst wherein the polymerization catalysts are capable of providing polymers with different properties under substantially identical polymerization conditions, wherein said copolymer comprises structural units derived from ethylene and structural units derived from a C3-20 α-olefin and satisfies the following requirement; (1) the melting point (Tm) according to DSC is in the range of 0 to 60° C.","label":"Catalyst","id":986} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene for injection moldingsPolyethylene which comprises ethylene homopolymers and\/or copolymers of ethylene with 1-alkenes and has a molar mass distribution width Mw\/Mn of from 3 to 30, a density of from 0.945 to 0.965 g\/cm3, a weight average molar mass Mw of from 50 000 g\/mol to 200 000 g\/mol, a HLMI of from 10 to 300 g\/10 min and has from 0.1 to 15 branches\/1000 carbon atoms, wherein the 1 to 15% by weight of the polyethylene having the highest molar masses have a degree of branching of more than 1 branch of side chains larger than CH3\/1000 carbon atoms, a process for its preparation, catalysts suitable for its preparation and also injection moldings in which this polyethylene is present.1. A polyethylene which comprises ethylene homopolymers, copolymers of ethylene with 1-alkenes or mixtures thereof, having a molar mass distribution width Mw\/Mn of from 3 to 30, a density of from 0.945 to 0.965 g\/cm3, a weight average molar mass Mw of from 50,000 g\/mol to 200,000 g\/mol, an HLMI of from 50 to 200 g\/10 min, at least 0.2 vinyl groups\/1000 carbon atoms and has from 0.1 to 15 branches\/1000 carbon atoms, wherein the 1 to 15% by weight of the polyethylene having the highest molar masses have a degree of branching of more than 1 branch of side chains larger than CH3\/1000 carbon atoms, and the 5-50% by weight of the polyethylene having the lowest molar masses have a degree of branching of less than 10 branches\/1000 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":987} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic elastomer compositionsA unique thermoplastic olefin composition having: (a) at least 40 percent by weight of a propylene-alpha olefin copolymer based on the total weight of polymers in the composition, the propylene-alpha olefin copolymer having at least 60 percent by weight units derived from propylene, at least 6 percent by weight units derived from an alpha olefin, a molecular weight distribution less than 3.5, and a broad composition distribution; and (b) at least 20 percent by weight of a polypropylene based on the total weight of polymers in the composition, the polypropylene having at least 93 percent by weight units derived from propylene, a molecular weight distribution of greater than 3.5, a heat of fusion greater than the heat of fusion exhibited by the propylene-alpha olefin copolymer, and a melting point Tmax of at least 120° C.1. A thermoplastic olefin composition, comprising: (a) at least about 40 percent by weight of a propylene-alpha olefin copolymer based on the total weight of polymers in the composition, the propylene-alpha olefin copolymer forming a continuous phase of the composition and the propylene-alpha olefin copolymer having: (1) at least about 60 percent by weight units derived from propylene; (2) at least about 5 percent by weight units derived from an alpha olefin; (3) a molecular weight distribution less than about 3.5; (4) a broad composition distribution; (5) a heat of fusion of less than about 40 Joules\/gram; and (6) optionally, a glass transition temperature (Tgp) less than about −10° C.; (b) at least about 20 percent by weight of a polypropylene based on the total weight of polymers in the composition, the polypropylene having: (1) at least about 93 percent by weight units derived from propylene; (2) a heat of fusion greater than the heat of fusion exhibited by the propylene-alpha olefin copolymer; and (3) a melting point Tmax of at least about 120° C.; and (c) at least about 10 percent by weight of an ethylene-alpha olefin elastomer based on the total weight of polymers in the composition.","label":"Construct","id":988} +{"sentence":"NOVEL METALLOCENE COMPOUND, CATALYST COMPOSITION COMPRISING THE SAME, AND METHOD OF PREPARING OLEFIN-BASED POLYMERS USING THE SAME (AS AMENDED)This invention relates to a novel metallocene compound, a catalyst composition including the same and a method of preparing olefin-based polymers using the same. The use of the novel metallocene compound as a catalyst for preparing olefin-based polymers enables synthesis of an olefin-based polymer having a low molecular weight and a wide molecular weight distribution.1 . A metallocene compound represented by Formula 1 below: wherein R1 and R2 are same as or different from each other, and are independently hydrogen, a C1˜C20 alkyl group, a C1˜C20 alkoxy group, a C2˜C20 alkenyl group, a C6˜C20 aryl group, a C7˜C20 alkylaryl group, a C7˜C20 arylalkyl group, or a C7˜C20 alkoxyaryl group; R3 is a C1˜C20 alkylsilyl group; Q1 and Q2 are same as or different from each other, and are independently hydrogen, a C1˜C20 alkyl group, or halogen; and M is Zr, Ti, or Hf.","label":"HouseConst","id":989} +{"sentence":"Grafting of monomers onto polyolefins in presence of organic peroxidesA method for the grafting of a monomer onto a polyolefin in the presence of an organic peroxide is disclosed. The polyolefin is a polyolefin that, when molten, undergoes cross-linking in the presence of the organic peroxide. The method comprises: (a) admixing the polyolefin in an extruder with 25 to 6000 ppm, based on the weight of the polyolefin, of an organic peroxide coated onto a carrier polymer and up to 5%, by weight of the polyolefin, of a grafting monomer capable of being grafted onto the polyolefin in the presence of the organic peroxide. The admixture is heated to a temperature above the melting point of both the polyolefin and the carrier polymer under admixing conditions to effect grafting of said grafting monomer onto the polyolefin, said carrier polymer undergoing chain scission in preference to cross-linking in the presence of the organic peroxide at said temperature. Grafted polyolefin is extruded from the extruder. The method may be used to produce grafted polyolefins with lower levels of gels and specks, especially for use in films and adhesives.1. A method for the grafting of a monomer onto a polyolefin in the presence of an organic peroxide, said polyolefin being a polyolefin that, when molten, undergoes cross-linking in the presence of the organic peroxide, said method comprising: (a) admixing in an extruder an admixture of (i) said polyolefin, (ii) 25 to 6000 ppm, based on the weight of the polyolefin, of an organic peroxide coated onto a carrier polymer, the amount of organic peroxide coated onto said carrier polymer being at least 0.2% by weight of the carrier polymer, and (iii) up to 5%, by weight of the polyolefin, of a grafting monomer capable of being grafted onto the polyolefin in the presence of the organic peroxide; (b) heating the admixture to a temperature above the melting point of both the polyolefin and the carrier polymer under admixing conditions to effect grafting of said grafting monomer onto the polyolefin, said carrier polymer undergoing chain scission in preference to cross-linking in the presence of the organic peroxide at said temperature; and (c) extruding grafted polyolefin from the extruder.","label":"Construct","id":990} +{"sentence":"Substituted [1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyrazines as selective NK-3 receptor antagonistsNovel compounds of Formula I and their use in therapeutic treatments.1. A compound of Formula I: wherein: R1is H, F or methyl; R1′ is H; R2is H, F, Cl or methoxy; R2′ is H or F; R3is H, F, Cl, methyl, trifluoromethyl or cyano; R4is methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, hydroxyethyl, methoxyethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl or fluoromethyl; R5is methyl, ethyl, methoxymethyl, trifluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, or fluoromethyl; X1is N and X2is S or O; or X1is S and X2is N; represents a single or a double bond depending on X1and X2; and stands for the (R)-enantiomer or for the racemate of the compound of Formula I.","label":"Automobile","id":991} +{"sentence":"Phenol purificationCrude phenol containing methyl benzofuran and other impurities is distilled in the presence of water to recover a phenol bottoms having a reduced quantity of impurities. The water-phenol overhead is cooled to separate a water phase essentially free of methyl benzofuran, which is recycled to the distillation. The organic phase may then be further distilled, in the presence of water, as previously described, to eventually recover a reduced quantity of phenol in which impurities are concentrated.1. A process for purifying phenol, comprising: distilling a crude phenol containing impurities comprising methylbenzofuran in the presence of water to recover a light fraction comprising a mixture of phenol and water in which impurities are concentrated, and a heavy fraction comprising phenol having a reduced quantity of impurities; condensing the light fraction to produce an aqueous phase essentially free of impurities, and an organic phase in which the impurities are concentrated; separating the aqueous and organic phase; recycling at least a portin of the separated aqueous phase to said distilling; further distilling the separated organic phase in the presence of water to recover another light fraction comprising a mixture of phenol and water in which impurities are concentrated and another heavy fraction comprising phenol; condensing another light fraction to produce another aqueous phase essentially free of impurities and another organic phase in which impurities are concentrated; separating another aqueous phase from another organic phase; recycling at least a portion of said another aqueous phase to at least one of said distilling and said further distilling; and recycling at least a portion of said another heavy fraction to said distilling.","label":"Process","id":992} +{"sentence":"Method for radical polymerisation in the presence of a chain transfer agentProcess for free-radical polymerization in the presence of a regulator which, following free-radical H-abstraction to form an aromatic system, eliminates a free-radical leaving group which starts a new free-radical chain.1. A process for free-radical polymerization in the presence of a regulator, wherein said regulator comprises, a carbocyclic or heterocyclic compound which comprises a leaving group in the allyl or heteroallyl position, or homoallyl or homoheteroallyl position, respectively, wherein said carbocyclic or heterocyclic compound, following free-radical hydrogen abstraction, forms an aromatic system with elimination of a free-radical leaving group.","label":"HouseConst","id":993} +{"sentence":"Super PulverizerA mechanical pulverizer adopts multi-stage high-speed rotating turbine and special design structure to achieve ultrafine or nano pulverization. As shown in the figures, the mechanical pulverizer comprises: base plate ( 1 ), bearing seats ( 2 and 3 ), main shaft ( 4 ), motor base ( 5 ), main motor ( 6 ), casing ( 7 and 7′ ), three-stage turbine blisks ( 8, 9 and 10 ), multi-surface curved turbine blades ( 11 and 11′ ), gear rings with large-angle curved gears ( 12 and 12′ ), suspended shearing device ( 13 and 13′ ), built-in, unpowered and replaceable grading plates, ( 14 and 15 ), feeding inlets ( 16 and 17 ), spiral feeder ( 18 ), discharge outlet ( 19 ), residuals outlet ( 20 ), nanometer filter cloth material collecting bin ( 21 ), screw rod for casing-opening ( 22 ), handle for casing-opening ( 23 ), self-pressurized automatic-control liquid nitrogen cooling device ( 24 ), and liquid nitrogen conveying pipes ( 25 ).1 . A mechanical pulverizer comprising: base plate ( 1 ), bearing seats ( 2 and 3 ), main shaft ( 4 ), motor base ( 5 ), main motor ( 6 ), casing ( 7 and 7 ′), three-stage turbine blisks ( 8 , 9 and 10 ), multi-surface curved turbine blades ( 11 and 11 ′), gear rings with large-angle curved gears ( 12 and 12 ′), suspended shearing device ( 13 and 13 ′), unpowered and replaceable grading plates, ( 14 and 15 ), feeding inlets ( 16 and 17 ), spiral feeder ( 18 ), discharge outlet ( 19 ), residuals outlet ( 20 ), nanometer filter cloth material collecting bin ( 21 ), screw rod for casing-opening ( 22 ), handle for casing-opening ( 23 ), self-pressurized automatic-control liquid nitrogen cooling device ( 24 ), and liquid nitrogen conveying pipes ( 25 ). (see FIGS. 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 and 5 ).","label":"IndustConst","id":994} +{"sentence":"Multi-catalyst system for olefin polymerization[00001] A multi-catalyst system is disclosed. The catalyst system comprises catalyst A and catalyst B. Catalyst A comprises a supported bridged indenoindolyl transition metal complex. Catalyst B comprises a supported non-bridged indenoindolyl transition metal complex. The catalyst system of the invention produces polyolefins which have bi- or multi-modal molecular weight distribution.1. A multi-catalyst system that comprises (a) catalyst A, a supported bridged indenoindolyl transition metal complex; and (b) catalyst B, a supported non-bridged indenoindolyl transition metal complex; wherein A and B are separately supported.","label":"Catalyst","id":995} +{"sentence":"RUBBER COMPOSITION, METHOD FOR PRODUCING SAME, AND TIREA rubber composition that can obtain a rubber elastic body having small rolling resistance and excellent impact resilience and a method for producing the same, and a tire having small rolling resistance and excellent impact resilience are provided. The rubber composition of the present invention is obtained by kneading a conjugated diene polymer having a functional group bondable to silica, an acylate compound containing metal and silica. In the present invention, a polymer having no functional group bondable to silica is preferably kneaded as a rubber component other than the conjugated diene polymer, together with the conjugated diene polymer having a functional group bondable to silica, the acylate compound containing metal and the silica.1 . A method for producing a rubber composition, comprising: kneading a rubber component comprising a conjugated diene polymer having a functional group bondable to silica, an acylate compound comprising metal, and silica.","label":"Automobile","id":996} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of an alpha-amino carbonyl compoundThe invention relates to a process for the preparation of an α-amino carbonyl compound by reacting an imine starting material with a suitable electrophile in the presence of a base. This process has the advantage that the imine starting materials can be prepared from glyoxylic acid esters or glyoxylic acid ester derivatives and α-hydrogen containing primary amines, which are usually cheap and readily available. These imine starting materials can usually be prepared with a high yield and\/or almost without the formation of any side products.1 . Process for the preparation of an (x-amino-carbonyl compound of formula 1, wherein R1and R2each independently stand for optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl, optionally substituted (cyclo)alkenyl, optionally substituted (hetero)aryl, CN or C(O)R6, —wherein R6stands for OR12—, —wherein R12stands for an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl- or wherein R6stands for NR13R14, —wherein R13and R14are each independently chosen from the group of H, optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl and optionally substituted (hetero)aryl and wherein R13and R14may form a ring together with the N-atom to which they are connected- and wherein R1and\/or R2may be part of a ring system formed by a connection between R1and R2, between R1and E, between R2and E, between R1and X or between R2and X, wherein X and E are as defined below, wherein E stands for H, an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl, a halogen, a tri-substituted silyl group, an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkenyl, an optionally substituted (hetero)aryl or wherein E stands for C(O)R40, —wherein R40stands for H, an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl, an optionally substituted (hetero)aryl or for OR41, —wherein R41stands for an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl or an optionally substituted (hetero)aryl or wherein R40stands for NHR42, —wherein R42stands for H, an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl or for an optionally substituted aryl-, and wherein X stands for OR5, —wherein R5stands for an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl, an optionally substituted aryl- or wherein X stands for NR3R4, —wherein R3and R4each independently stand for H, an optionally substituted (cyclo)alkyl or an optionally substituted (hetero)aryl and wherein R3and R4may form a ring together with the N-atom to which they are bound-, and wherein X together with E may form part of a lactone or lactam ring system together with the C-atoms to which they are bound, characterized in that an imine of formula 2, wherein R1, R2and X are as defined above, is reacted with a suitable electrophile in the presence of a base to form the corresponding a-amino carbonyl compound of formula 1.","label":"Automobile","id":997} +{"sentence":"Processability improver and vinyl chloride resin composition containing the sameGeneration of air marks and flow marks is prevented when a vinyl chloride resin is molded into a sheet or the like. To a vinyl chloride resin is added a processing aid for a vinyl chloride resin comprising a copolymer composition containing, (A) 70 to 99 parts by weight of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising 50 to 99% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 1 to 50% by weight of an aromatic vinyl compound and 0 to 30% by weight of another monomer copolymerizable with these components, said copolymer having a specific viscosity at 30° C. of 0.3 to 1.8 when 0.4 g of said copolymer is dissolved in 100 ml of toluene; and (B) 1 to 30 parts by weight of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising 0 to 60% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 40 to 100% by weight of methacrylic ester other than methyl methacrylate and\/or 40 to 99% by weight of acrylic ester, and 0 to 50% by weight of another monomer copolymerizable with these components, the total amount of (A) and (B) being 100 parts by weight, wherein said copolymer composition has a specific viscosity at 30° C. of 0.3 to 2.0 when 0.4 g of said copolymer composition is dissolved in 100 ml of toluene.1 . A processing aid for a vinyl chloride resin comprising a copolymer composition containing, (A) 70 to 99 parts by weight of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising 50 to 99% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 1 to 50% by weight of an aromatic vinyl compound and 0 to 30% by weight of another monomer copolymerizable with these components, said copolymer having a specific viscosity at 30° C. of 0.3 to 1.8 when 0.4 g of said copolymer is dissolved in 100 ml of toluene; and (B) 1 to 30 parts by weight of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising 0 to 60% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 40 to 100% by weight of methacrylic ester other than methyl methacrylate and\/or 40 to 99% by weight of acrylic ester, and 0 to 50% by weight of another monomer copolymerizable with these components, the total amount of (A) and (B) being 100 parts by weight, wherein said copolymer composition has a specific viscosity at 30° C. of 0.3 to 2.0 when 0.4 g of said copolymer composition is dissolved in 100 ml of toluene.","label":"IndustConst","id":998} +{"sentence":"Vinyl Chloride Resin Composition Comprising Diethylhexylcyclohexane for WallpaperThe present invention relates to a vinyl chloride resin composition containing diethylhexylcyclohexane as a plasticizer. Diethylhexylcyclohexane may replace controversial phthalate based plasticizers to prevent environmental contamination and have significantly low initial viscosity and low-temperature viscosity and a remarkably low low-temperature viscosity with the passage of time as compared to the existing phthalate based plasticizers and dioctyl terephthalate, which is a non-phthalate based plasticizer, such that the vinyl chloride resin composition containing the diethylhexylcyclohexane plasticizer may have excellent workability and generate less volatile organic compounds, thereby making it possible to apply this composition to develop eco-friendly products.1 . A vinyl chloride resin composition comprising: 40 to 120 parts by weight of a plasticizer including diethylhexylcyclohexane; 0.5 to 7 parts by weight of a stabilizer; 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of a blowing agent; 30 to 150 parts by weight of a filler; and 1 to 20 parts by weight of titanium dioxide (TiO2), based on 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin.","label":"HouseConst","id":999} +{"sentence":"Hydrophobic aerogel materialsThe present disclosure provides an aerogel composition which is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which also has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Also provided is a method of preparing an aerogel composition which is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Further provided is a method of improving the hydrophobicity, the liquid water uptake, the heat of combustion, or the onset of thermal decomposition temperature of an aerogel composition.1. A reinforced aerogel composition comprising a silica-based framework, a reinforcement material, and at least one hydrophobic-bound silicon; wherein the reinforced aerogel composition has the following properties: i) a liquid water uptake of 40 wt % or less; and ii) a heat of combustion of 460 cal\/g or less.","label":"IndustConst","id":1000} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymers providing long-term generation of free volume in partially hydrated absorbent coresAn absorbent composition providing unexpectedly high fluid capacity with minimal gel-blocking, articles comprising the absorbent composition and methods of preparing the absorbent composition are disclosed. The absorbent composition optionally comprises a surface crosslinked polymer disbursed within a fibrous matrix of wettable fibers. The surface crosslinked polymer has an FVAUL value of at least about 60 cc after 10 minutes.1 . A method for preparing an absorbent composition comprising: providing a first layer of wettable fibers; distributing on the first layer of wettable fibers a layer of surface crosslinked polymer having a FVAUL value of at least about 60 cc after 10 minutes; providing a second layer of wettable fibers on top of the layer of surface crosslinked polymer; and calendaring said layers to form the wettable fibers into a fibrous matrix having the surface crosslinked polymer disbursed therein, said surface crosslinked polymer comprising about 70% by weight to about 95% by weight the absorbent composition and said wettable fibers comprising about 5% by weight to about 30% by weight of the absorbent composition.","label":"Household","id":1001} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic elastomer compositions from branched olefin copolymersThe invention relates to a thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising a branched olefin copolymer derived from olefinically unsaturated monomers capable of insertion polymerization having A) a Tgas measured by DSC less than or equal to 10° C.; B) Tmgreater than 80° C.; C) an elongation at break of greater than or equal to 300%; D) a tensile strength of greater than or equal to 1,500 psi (10,300 kPa); and E) an elastic recovery of greater than or equal to 50%. The invention also relates to process for preparing the invention composition comprising: A) polymerizing ethylene or propylene and optionally, one or more copolymerizable monomers in a polymerization reaction under conditions sufficient to form copolymer having greater than 40% chain end-group unsaturation; B) copolymerizing the product of A) with ethylene and one or more comonomers so as to prepare said branched olefin copolymer. The branched olefin copolymer compositions of the invention are suitable as replacements for styrene block copolymer compositions and in other traditional thermoplastic elastomer applications.1. A thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising a branched olefin copolymer derived from olefins capable of insertion polymerization, the copolymer having A) a Tgas measured by DSC less than or equal to 10° C.; B) a Tmgreater than 80° C.; C) an elongation at break of greater than or equal to 300%; D) a Tensile Strength of greater than or equal to 1,500 psi (10,300 kPa) at 25° C.; and E) an elastic recovery of greater than or equal to 50%.","label":"HouseConst","id":1002} +{"sentence":"Anionic polymerization initiators and processesA group of compounds defined by the general formula (I) can be used to anionically initiate polymerization of unsaturated monomers. In the formula, M is an alkali metal atom, R1is an aryl group having at least one OR2substituent group where each R2is a group that is nonreactive toward M, and R is a hydrocarbyl group. The subject initiators can be used in semi-batch and continuous polymerization processes, even those which are performed at elevated temperatures.1. A method of making a functionalized random interpolymer, said interpolymer comprising polyene and styrenic mer units, said method comprising (a) in a reaction vessel that contains ingredients which comprise a non-polar solvent, a polar coordinator compound, and unsaturated monomers that comprise one or more polyenes and a sufficient amount of one or more hydrocarbon styrenes so as to provide about 20 to about 40% of the constituent mer units of said interpolymer, initiating polymerization of said unsaturated monomers with an effective amount of an initiating compound having the general formula where M is an alkali metal atom, R is a hydrocarbyl group, each Gp independently is a protecting group, and m is an integer of from 2 to 5 inclusive, and (b) hydrolyzing each of said protecting groups by reaction with tetrabutylammonium fluoride, thereby providing said functionalized random interpolymer.","label":"Automobile","id":1003} +{"sentence":"HAFNOCENE CATALYZED POLYETHYLENE FILMS HAVING RAPID CLING DEVELOPMENTPolyethylene films may include a polyethylene copolymer polymerized in the presence of a hafnium-based metallocene catalyst, wherein the polyethylene comprises a solubility distribution breadth index (SDBI) less than or equal to 23° C.; a melt index (12) less than 1.5; a flow index (121) of from about 16 to about 28; and a melt flow ratio (121\/12) of from about 18 to about 23. The film has a cling value that is at least 60% of a cling value the film has at 48 hours after time zero, and wherein time zero is equal to less than 24 hours.1 . A method for making a polyethylene film, comprising: contacting ethylene and one or more comonomers with a hafnium-based metallocene catalyst within a polymerization reactor at a temperature of from 81° C. to 88° C. and an ethylene partial pressure of from about 825 kPa to about 1,800 kPa to produce a polyethylene, the polyethylene comprising: a solubility distribution breadth index (SDBI) of from 18° C. to less than or equal to 23° C.; and a melt flow ratio (I21\/I2) of from about 18 to about 23, wherein I21 is measured according to ASTM D 1238 (190° C., 21.6 kg) and I2 is measured according to ASTM D 1238 (190° C., 2.16 kg); combining the polyethylene with at least one tackifier to produce a blended mixture; and forming the blended mixture into a film, wherein at a time zero after forming the film, the film has a cling value that is at least 60% of a cling value the film has at 48 hours after time zero, and wherein time zero is equal to less than 24 hours.","label":"HouseConst","id":1004} +{"sentence":"Method for producing modified conjugated diene polymer, modified conjugated diene polymer, modified conjugated diene polymer composition, rubber composition and tireA method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising a polymerization step of obtaining a conjugated diene polymer containing a nitrogen atom in a polymer chain and an active end by copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound and a nitrogen atom-containing vinyl compound, or a conjugated diene compound, an aromatic vinyl compound and a nitrogen atom-containing vinyl compound by use of an alkali metal compound and\/or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator, and a modification step of reacting a modifier.1. A method of producing a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising a polymerization step of obtaining a conjugated diene polymer containing a nitrogen atom in a polymer chain and having an active end by copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound and a nitrogen atom-containing vinyl compound or a conjugated diene compound, an aromatic vinyl compound and a nitrogen atom-containing vinyl compound by use of an alkali metal compound and\/or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator, and a modification step of reacting a modifier, which is a compound represented by the following formula (1), with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer: wherein R1to R4each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; R5represents an alkylene group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms; R6represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; m is an integer of 1 or 2; and n is an integer of 2 or 3.","label":"Automobile","id":1005} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing diene polymer rubbersA process for preparing modified diene polymer rubbers having an increased impact resilience and a reduced hardness at low temperatures and useful as rubber materials for automobile tires and other industries which comprises producing an alkali metal-containing conjugated diene polymer, and reacting the alkali metal-containing polymer with a modifier selected from the group consisting of a nitro compound, a phosphoryl chloride compound of the formula: wherein R1to R4are independently an alkyl group, and an aminosilane compound of the formula: wherein R5to R7are independently an alkyl group or an alkoxyl group, R8and R9are independently an alkyl group, and n is an integer, said alkali metal-containing diene polymer being prepared by a living anionic polymerization using an alkali metal-based catalyst or by an addition reaction of a diene polymer having conjugated diene units and an alkali metal-based catalyst in a hydrocarbon solvent. The modified diene polymers can be incorporated with usual rubber additives to provide rubber compositions for various purposes, and the cured products shown an increased impact resilience and a reduced hardness at low temperatures.1. A process for preparing a modified diene polymer which comprises reacting an alkali metal-containing conjugated diene polymer with a phosphoryl chloride compound of the formula (1): wherein each of R1,R2,R3and R4is an alkyl group, said alkali metal-containing conjugated diene polymer being a living polymer having an alkali metal end prepared by a polymerization of a conjugated diene monomer or a mixture of a conjugated diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of an alkali metal-based catalyst, or a polymer to which an alkali metal is introduced by an addition reaction of a diene polymer having conjugated diene units in the polymer chain and an alkali metal-based catalyst in a hydrocarbon solvent.","label":"Automobile","id":1006} +{"sentence":"Method of making reinforced PVC plastisol resin and products prepared therewithA pultrusion machine for forming a laminated composite with a predetermined profile and the product obtained. The apparatus comprises at least two spools for supplying elongated reinforcements. A collator receives the elongated reinforcements and arranges the reinforcements in layered relationship to form a layered elongated bundle. A supply member wets the layered elongated bundle with plastisol to form a wetted elongated bundle. The wetted elongated bundle is transported through a pultrusion die wherein the wetted layered bundle is molded into the predetermined profile. A converting apparatus cures, or converts, the wetted layered bundle into the layered composite. A particularly preferred embodiment is an extrusion comprising a reinforcing material wherein said reinforcing material comprises a fiber reinforced plastisol.1 . A pultruded structural element prepared by the method of forming a bundle of at least two elongated reinforcements; contacting said bundle with plastisol; and converting said plastisol in a die to form said structural composite laminate and fixing dimensions of said structural composite laminate in said die.","label":"HouseConst","id":1007} +{"sentence":"Rubber compositions including a polymeric component having a multi-modal molecular weight distributionA vulcanizable composition of matter comprising a rubber component, a filler, a curative for the rubber, where the rubber component includes a multi-modal polymer including at least two distinct peak molecular weights within a range defined by a lower limit of 80 kg\/mole and an upper limit of 500 kg\/mole.1. A vulcanizable composition of matter comprising: i. a multi-modal polybutadiene polymer consisting of two distinct peak molecular weights, where both peak molecular weights are within a range defined by a lower limit of 80 kg\/mole and an upper limit of 500 kg\/mole, where the polybutadiene includes at least 90% of its mer units in the cis-1,4-configuration; ii. a filler; iii. a curative for the rubber.","label":"Automobile","id":1008} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent composition with metal salicylate for odor controlThe present invention relates to a water-absorbing particulate composition comprising water-absorbing polymer particulate structure comprising partly neutralized, crosslinked polyacrylate, a surface crosslinking agent and a compound of the structure I in which R1, R2, R3and R4can be identical or different and in each case represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1- to C4-hydrocarbon group or a hydroxyl group, R5represents a hydrogen atom, a C1- to C4-hydrocarbon group or an acetyl group, n represents an integer chosen from the group consisting of 1, 2 or 3 and Mn+ represents an n-valent metal cation or an H+ cation. In addition, the present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of a water-absorbing composition, the water-absorbing composition obtainable by this process, a composite, a process for the production of a composite, the composite obtainable by this process, and products, such as hygiene articles.1. A water-absorbing particulate composition comprising (a) water-absorbing polymer particulate structure wherein the water-absorbing polymer comprises partly neutralized, crosslinked sodium polyacrylate comprising from 0.01 to 2.5 wt % of one or more crosslinking agents based on the weight of the water-absorbent polymer wherein the sodium polyacrylate is neutralized to from 50 to 60 mol %, (b) a surface crosslinking agent wherein the water-absorbing polymer particulate structures have an inner region and an outer region surrounding the inner region, the outer region having a higher degree of crosslinking than the inner region due to the surface crosslinking agent, (c) 1 wt % of zinc salicylate in the form of a powder and (d) a binder to attach and immobilize the zinc salicylate to the surface of the water-absorbing particulate composition wherein the binder is selected from thermoplastic hot melt adhesives, hydrophilic water-soluble polymer or water, and wherein the water-absorbing particulate composition have an average particle size according to ERT-420.2.02 of from 150 μm to 600 μm and the water-absorbing particulate composition comprises at least 75 wt % of the particles, based on the total weight of the water-absorbing particulate composition, have a particle size in the range of 300 to 600 μm and wherein the water-absorbing particulate composition has (β1) a retention determined according to ERT 441.2-02 of from 25 g\/g to 50 g\/g; and (β2) an absorption (determined for the entire particle size fraction in the case of particles) against a pressure of 0.7 psi (50 g\/cm2) to ERT 442.2-02 of at least 15 g\/g; wherein the water-absorbing particulate composition has an odor-binding effect of delay of release of ammonia of at least 17 hours and a surface tension of at least 60 mN\/m.","label":"Household","id":1009} +{"sentence":"Metallocene catalyst for the (CO)polymerization of .alpha.-olefinsA catalyst active in the (co)polymerization of α-olefins is obtained by putting the following components in contact with each other: (i) a \"bridged\" bis-metallocene derivative of a metal M selected from titanium, zirconium or hafnium, wherein the divalent \"bridge\" has a rigid structure linked to two η5-cyclopentadienyl ring with two methylene groups having a distance from each other of less than 3.5 .ANG.; (ii) a co-catalyst consisting of an organic derivative of a metal M' selected from boron, aluminium, gallium and tin. Such a catalyst allows high polymerization rates to be reached and is particularly suitable for high temperature polymerization process and co-polymerization of ethylene with other α-olefins.1. A catalyst for the (co)polymerization of ethylene and\/or α-olefins comprising the following two components put in contact with each other: (i) a metallocene complex having the following general formula (I): wherein: M represents a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium and hafnium, A's and A" each independently represent an organic group containing a η5-cyclopentadienyl anion co-ordinated to the metal M, R's and R" each independently represent an anionic group linked to the metal M; B represents a divalent organic group comprising an unsaturated group linked to two --CH2--methylene groups so that they form with this unsaturated group a rigid molecular structure, and the distance between the two --CH2methylene groups in the space is less than 3.5 .ANG.; (ii) a co-catalyst consisting of an organic compound of a metal M's selected from the group consisting of boron, aluminum, gallium and tin; with the proviso that, when the groups A's and A" are both η5-indenyl (C9H7), the divalent organic group B is different from ortho-phenylene.","label":"Catalyst","id":1010} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of metallocene catalyst systems on inert support material using gas phase reactorDisclosed is a process for preparing a supported metallocene catalyst by introducing, in a first stage, a gas stream comprising an organoaluminum compound, an inert support material and water, into a first gas phase reactor; allowing the mixture to react under conditions effective to form an aluminoxane supported on said inert support material; metering a second gas stream comprising a metallocene into said gas phase reactor; allowing said mixture to react under conditions effective to form a supported metallocene catalyst; and drying, in a second stage, said supported metallocene catalyst, wherein said drying is carried out in a gas phase reactor. An alternative process comprises introducing, in a first stage, a gas stream comprising an organoaluminum compound, an inert support material, a metallocene and water, into a first gas phase reactor; allowing the mixture to react under conditions effective to form an aluminoxane supported with said metallocene on said inert support material; and drying, in a second stage, said supported metallocene catalyst, wherein said drying is carried out in a gas phase reactor.1. A supported metallocene catalyst prepared by the steps comprising: (i) introducing in a first stage, a gas stream comprising an organoaluminum compound, an inert support material, a metallocene and water, into a first gas phase reaction; (ii) allowing the mixture provided in step (i) to react under conditions effective to form an aluminoxane supported with said metallocene and said inert support material; and (iii) drying, in a second stage, said supported metallocene catalyst, wherein said drying is carried out in a gas phase reactor.","label":"Catalyst","id":1011} +{"sentence":"CAST FILMS WITH IMPROVED TOUGHNESSCast films formed from polyethylene are provided that can have desirable properties. In one aspect, a cast film comprises a layer formed from a composition comprising a first composition, wherein the first composition comprises at least one ethylene-based polymer and wherein the first composition comprises a MWCDI value greater than 0.9, and a melt index ratio (I10\/I2) that meets the following equation: I10\/I2≧7.0−1.2×log (I2).1 . A cast film comprising a layer formed from a composition comprising a first composition, wherein the first composition comprises at least one ethylene-based polymer and wherein the first composition comprises a MWCDI value greater than 0.9, and a melt index ratio (I10\/I2) that meets the following equation: I10\/I2≧7.0−1.2×log (I2).","label":"HouseConst","id":1012} +{"sentence":"Method for Producing Alkoxysilyl Methyl IsocyanuratesAlkoxysilylmethyl isocyanurates are prepared in high space time yield by reaction of a chloromethylalkoxysilane with a metal isocyanate in the presence of a tetrakis[hydrocarbon]ammonium phase transfer catalyst, with minimal formation of byproducts.1 . A method for producing alkoxysilylmethyl isocyanurates of the formula I comprising reacting chloromethylalkoxysilanes of the formula II (RO)3-n(R1)nSi—CH2—Cl   (II) with metal isocyanates of the formula III M(OCN)m   (III) in the presence of tetrakis[hydrocarbon]ammonium salt catalysts of the formula IV (R2)4N+X−  (IV) in which R is a C1-C15-hydrocarbon radical or acetyl radical, R1is a hydrogen atom or an Si—C bonded C1-C20-hydrocarbon radical which is optionally substituted by —CN, —NCO, —NR32, —COOH, —COOR3, -halogen, -acryloyl, -epoxy, —SH, —OH or —CONR32 and in which non-neighboring methylene units are optionally replaced by —O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO—, —S—, or —NR3— groups, and in which one or more, non-neighboring methine units are optionally replaced by —N═, —N═N— or —P═ groups, n is 0, 1 or 2, M is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal m is 1 or 2, R2is a C1-C20-hydrocarbon radical optionally substituted by —CN, —OH or halogen, R3is a hydrogen atom or a C1-C20-hydrocarbon radical which is optionally substituted by —CN, halogen, —SH or —OH and in which non-neighboring methylene units may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —COO—, —OCO— or —OCOO— or —S— groups, and X is an OH, F, Cl, Br, I, ClO4, NO3, BF4, AsF6, BPh4, PF6, AlCl4, CF3SO3, HSO4, or SCN radical.","label":"Automobile","id":1013} +{"sentence":"Organic electroluminescent device, display and illuminating deviceDisclosed is an organic electroluminescent (EL) device having high emission luminance and high emission efficiency. Particularly disclosed are a blue-light emitting organic EL device, which is high in emission luminance, color purity, emission efficiency and durability, a display and an illuminating device each employing the organic EL device. The organic El device is characterized in that it comprises a light emission layer containing two or more kinds of host compounds and at least one dopant, wherein at least one of the two or more kinds of host compounds has an excited triplet energy of not less than 2.7 eV, and the dopant is a phosphorescent compound.1. An organic electroluminescent device comprising: a light emission layer containing a) two or more kinds of host compounds, wherein two of the two or more host compounds are Host A, and Host B, different from Host A, and b) Dopant D, wherein the dopant D emits blue light, and at least one of the Host A and Host B has an excited triplet energy of not less than 2.70 eV, and the Dopant D is a phosphorescent compound selected from an iridium complex comprising only bidentate ligands and a platinum complex comprising only bidentate ligands, each of Host A and Host B being selected from compounds having a partial structure of one to three carbazole rings represented by Formula (2) and compounds having a partial structure of one to three azacarbazole rings represented by Formula (3), wherein R21 through R28 independently represent a hydrogen atom, an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group; and R29 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclic group, the substituent of the substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclic group being selected from an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group and an aromatic heterocyclic group, wherein X31 through X38 independently represent a carbon atom or a nitrogen atom, provided that any one of X31 through X38 is a nitrogen atom; any of R31 through R38 bonding to the carbon atom independently represents a hydrogen atom, an aromatic hydrocarbon group or an aromatic heterocyclic group; any one of R31 through R38 bonding to the nitrogen atom represents a lone electron pair; and R39 represents a substituted or unsubstituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclic group, the substituent of the substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclic group being selected from an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon ring group and an aromatic heterocyclic group, wherein the following relationships are satisfied: |LUMO-A|<|LUMO-D|<|LUMO-B|, and |HOMO-A|<|HOMO-D|<|HOMO-B| wherein HOMO-A and HOMO-B represent energy level of HOMO of Host A and energy level of HOMO of Host B, respectively; LUMO-A and LUMO-B represent energy level of LUMO of Host A and energy level of LUMO of Host B, respectively; and HOMO-D and LUMO-D represent energy level of HOMO of Dopant D and energy level LUMO of Dopant D, respectively.","label":"Automobile","id":1014} +{"sentence":"Disposable body fluids absorbent articleA disposable body fluids absorbent article including an absorbent core contained discrete particles, the discrete particles consisting of first polymer particles which have an initial water absorption rate and second polymer particles which have an initial water absorption rate lower than that of the first polymer particles, the first polymer particles being distributed exclusively in a zone defined by a lower 1\/2 of a thickness of the core.1. A body fluids absorbent article comprising: a liquid-pervious topsheet, a liquid-impervious backsheet and a liquid-absorbent core having a body-facing side and a garment-facing side and disposed between said liquid-pervious topsheet and said liquid-impervious backsheet, said core including about 100 to about 200 g\/m2of fluff pulp, about 20 to about 45 g\/m2of thermoplastic synthetic fibers and about 120 to about 400 g\/m2of discrete particles of superabsorptive polymer, said fluff pulp and said synthetic fibers being present in an intermixed state so that the relative ratio of said fluff pulp and said synthetic fibers in said core gradually decreases from said body-facing side towards said garment-facing side in a thickness direction of the core, said polymer particles comprises about 20 to about 100 g\/m2of first polymer particles which have an initial water absorption rate V of about 40 or higher, and about 100 to about 300 g\/m2of second polymer particles which have and initial water absorption rate V of about 5 to about 20, and all of said first polymer particles are distributed in a lower zone adjacent said garment-facing side of said core while about 100 to about 200 g\/m2of said second polymer particles are in an upper zone adjacent said body-facing side of said core and up to about 100 g\/m2of said second polymer particles are distributed in said lower zone.","label":"Household","id":1015} +{"sentence":"Manufacturing method of neopentyl glycolMethod and apparatus for producing neopentyl glycol which comprises hydrogenating hydroxypivaldehyde in a reactor provided with a self-aspirator agitator device in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst. The method has high yield of neopentyl glycol, and does not have to be carried out under high pressure as do certain prior art methods.1. A method for producing neopentyl glycol which comprises hydrogenating hydroxypivaldehyde dissolved in the solvent in a reactor provided with a self-aspirator agitator device in the presence of a hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature of 70° to 120° C. and a pressure of 80 to 1800 psig maintained by introducing hydrogen.","label":"Process","id":1016} +{"sentence":"Transition metal complex catalyzed processesTransition metal-poly-phosphite complex catalyzed carbonylation processes, especially hydroformylation, as well as transition metal-poly-phosphite ligand complex compositions.1. A Group VIII transition metal complex hydroformylation catalytic precursor composition consisting essentially of a solubilized group VIII transition metal-poly-phosphite complex, an organic solvent, and free poly-phosphite ligand, wherein the poly-phosphite ligand of said complex and free poly-phosphite ligand are each individually and identical or different ligand having the general formula wherein each Ar group represents an identical or different, substituted or unsubstituted aryl radical; wherein X represents a m-valent radical selected from the group consisting of alkylene, alkylene-oxy-alkylene, arylene and arylene--(CH2)y--(Q)n--(CH2)y--arylene, wherein each arylene radical is the same as Ar defined above; wherein each y individually has a value of 0 or 1; wherein each Q individually represents a divalent bridging group selected from the class consisting of --CR1R2--, --O--, --S--, --NR3--, --SiR4R5-- and --CO--, wherein each R1and R2radical individually represents a radical selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, phenyl, tolyl and anisyl, wherein each R3,R4,and R5radical individually represents --H or --CH3; wherein each n individually has a value of 0 or 1; and wherein m has a value of 2 to 6.","label":"Catalyst","id":1017} +{"sentence":"Method for producing positive electrode active substance, and use of said active substanceA method of producing a positive electrode active substance comprising steps of: dissolving a lithium source, an M source, a phosphorus source and an X source in amounts needed to form a lithium-containing composite oxide having an olivine structure and represented by the following general formula (1): LixMyP1−zXzO4  (1) wherein, in the formula, M is at least one kind of element selected from the group of Fe, Ni, Mn, Zr, Sn, Ti, Nb, V, Al and Y; X is at least one kind selected from the group of Si and Al; 0z≦0.5, in a solvent being capable to dissolve these sources, thereby forming a solution; gelating the obtained solution by adding a cyclic ether compound and sintering the resulting gel to obtain the positive electrode active substance made of the lithium-containing composite oxide having an olivine structure that is covered with carbon deriving from the cyclic ether compound, and wherein the cyclic ether compound is selected from the group consisting of ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, trimethylene oxide, cis-2,3-epoxybutane, 1,2-epoxybutane, glycidol, epichlorohydrin, epifluorohydrin, epibromohydrin, 3,3-dimethyloxetane, and mixtures of thereof.","label":"Catalyst","id":1018} +{"sentence":"Supported metallocene-alumoxane catalysts for the preparation of polyethylene having a broad monomodal molecular weight distributionThe present invention relates to the production of high density polyethylene homopolymers or copolymers having a broad and monomodal molecular weight distribution wherein the polymerization process is conducted in the presence of supported metallocene-alumoxane catalysts wherein the metallocene is bridged, comprises at least a hydrogenated indenyl or fluorenyl and a metal M which may be Ti, Zr or Hf, wherein a plurality of conformers of the metallocene are formed and isolated on the support by reaction of the metallocene with the alumoxane and depositing the product formed on the support at a temperature in the range 85° C. to 110° C.1. A catalyst system comprising a metallocene-alumoxane catalyst for use in the preparation of polyolefins having a broad monomodal molecular weight distribution and a support for supporting the catalyst, wherein the metallocene comprises at least one hydrogenated indenyl or fluorenyl, a metal, and a bridge between (a) said at least one hydrogenated indenyl or fluorenyl and (b) another hydrogenated or non-hydrogenated indenyl or fluorenyl; and wherein a plurality of conformers of the metallocene are formed and isolated on the support by reaction of the metallocene with the alumoxane and depositing the product formed on the support at a temperature in the range of 85° C. t 110° C.","label":"Catalyst","id":1019} +{"sentence":"Obtaining an aliphatic dialdehyde MonoacetalThe invention relates to a process for obtaining a pure aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal by reaction of the corresponding aliphatic dialdehyde or a precursor of the corresponding aliphatic dialdehyde with one or more aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohols while distillatively removing water to obtain a reaction mixture which is separated distillatively, which comprises carrying out the distillative separation continuously in a dividing wall column to obtain pure aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal as a sidestream from the dividing wall column, or in two distillation columns to obtain crude aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal as a sidestream in the first distillation column, feed the crude aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal to the second distillation column and obtain pure aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal as the sidestream from the second distillation column.1. A process for obtaining a pure aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal comprising a reaction of the corresponding aliphatic dialdehyde or a precursor of the corresponding aliphatic dialdehyde with one or more aliphatic mono- or polyhydric alcohols while distillatively removing water to obtain a reaction mixture which is separated distillatively, said process further comprising carrying out the distillative separation continuously in (i) a dividing wall column to obtain pure aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal as a sidestream from the dividing wall column, or (ii) in two distillation columns to obtain crude aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal as a sidestream in the first distillation column, feeding the crude aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal to the second distillation column, and obtaining pure aliphatic dialdehyde monoacetal as the sidestream from the second distillation column.","label":"Process","id":1020} +{"sentence":"Propylene-based elastomeric compositionThe present invention includes a polyolefin elastomeric composition comprising a propylene-based elastomer having at least seventy five weight percent units derived from propylene, the propylene-based elastomer exhibiting a heat of fusion of from 1 to 35 Joules\/gram, a weight average molecular weight of from 5400 to 875000 g\/mol, and a permanent set of less than 40%; and a homogeneous ethylene-alpha olefin interpolymer having a molecular weight distribution of less than 3.5, a density from 0.885 to 0.915 g\/ml, and a heat of fusion of from 65 to 125 Joules\/gram, wherein the ratio of the propylene-based elastomer to the homogeneous ethylene-alpha olefin interpolymer is from 97:3 to 80:20, and wherein the composition exhibits a heat of fusion from 2 to 55 Joules\/gram, and a 2% secant flexural modulus of less than 69 MPa.1. A polyolefin elastomeric composition, the composition consisting essentially of: (a) a propylene-based elastomer having at least seventy five weight percent (75 wt %) units derived from propylene and from ten to twenty five weight percent (10-25 wt %) units derived from a C2, or a C4-C10 alpha olefin, the propylene-based elastomer exhibiting: (1) a heat of fusion by DSC analysis of from 1 Joules\/gram to 35 Joules\/gram; (2) a weight average molecular (Mw) of from 54000 to 875000 g\/mol; and (3) a permanent set of less than 40%; and (b) a homogeneous ethylene-alpha olefin interpolymer selected from a substantially linear polyethylene and a homogeneously branched linear polyethylene having a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of less than 3.5, a density from 0.885 to 0.915 g\/ml, and a heat of fusion of from 65 to 125 Joules\/gram, wherein the weight ratio of the propylene-based elastomer to the homogeneous ethylene-alpha olefin interpolymer is from 97:3 to 80:20, and wherein the composition exhibits a heat of fusion from 2 to 55 Joules\/gram, and a 2% secant flexural modulus of less than 69 MPa.","label":"Construct","id":1021} +{"sentence":"Process for the produciton of synthetic magnesium silicate compositonsA method for the preparation of a synthetic magnesium silicate having a crystal structure similar to natural hectorite, includes the steps of a) forming a precursor slurry, b) subjecting the precursor slurry to a continuous hydrothermal reaction in a pipe reactor at a temperature of from 210° C. to 400° C. and under a pressure of at least 20 10 bar for 10 seconds to 4 hours, and e) washing and filtering to remove water soluble salts formed in the preparation of the precursor slurry. The precursor slurry is not washed and filtered before it is subjected to the continuous hydrothermal reaction.37 . A method for preparing a synthetic magnesium silicate having a crystal structure similar to natural hectorite; the method comprising: forming a precursor slurry; subjecting the precursor slurry to a continuous hydrothermal reaction in a pipe reactor at a temperature ranging from 210° C. to 400° C. and under a pressure of at least 20 bar for 10 seconds to 4 hours to form the synthetic magnesium silicate, wherein the precursor slurry is not washed and filtered before it is subjected to the continuous hydrothermal reaction; and washing and filtering the synthetic magnesium silicate to remove water soluble salts formed in the preparation of the precursor slurry.","label":"IndustConst","id":1022} +{"sentence":"Silica films and method of production thereofA method of producing a silica coating by forming a silica precursor formulation that is coated on a substrate as a continuous liquid phase. The silica precursor formulation is then cured in an ammoniacal atmosphere to produce a continuous, interconnected, nano-porous silica network.1. A method of forming a silica film coated on a substrate including the steps of: producing a silica precursor solution having a water content of no more than 5% by volume by dissolving silicic acid tetramethyl ester homopolymer in a solvent; coating a substrate with the silica precursor solution; and curing the silica precursor solution onto the substrate in a vaporous ammoniacal environment.","label":"IndustConst","id":1023} +{"sentence":"Method of makig a superabsorbent polymer foamA method of making an improved superabsorbent polymer foam having a morphology to provide improved absorptive properties is disclosed. The foam preferably comprises a superabsorbent polymer formed from a substantially water-soluble, unsaturated monomer having neutralized carboxyl groups and a substantially water-soluble internal crosslinking agent. The monomer and crosslinking agent are expanded in the presence of a substantially water-insoluble blowing agent and a suitable solvent and reacted to form a superabsorbent polymer foam having substantially continuous, intercommunicating channels substantially throughout the foam and a relatively high surface area to mass ratio. Absorbent products, members and articles containing the foam are also disclosed.1. A method of making an open-celled superabsorbent polymer foam, the method comprising the steps of: (I) forming a reaction mixture comprising: (a) a substantially water-soluble unsaturated monomer comprising neutralized carboxyl groups; (b) a substantially water-soluble internal crosslinking agent capable of reacting with said monomer to form a superabsorbent polymer material; and (c) a solvent selected from the group consisting of water, a substantially water-soluble solvent, and mixtures thereof; (II) dispersing a substantially water-insoluble blowing agent in said reaction mixture to form a dispersion of particles of said blowing agent in said reaction mixture, said blowing agent having a vaporization temperature at a pressure of 1 atmosphere in the range of about -20° C. to about 100° C.; (III) stabilizing said dispersion to form a stable dispersion of said blowing agent particles in said reaction mixture; (IV) expanding said blowing agent particles to form an expanded structure, wherein said expansion step comprises: (a) increasing the temperature of said stable dispersion to a temperature which is greater than or equal to the vaporization temperature of said blowing agent, less than or equal to the activation temperature of said reaction mixture, and less than the vaporization temperature of said solvent; and\/or (b) decreasing the pressure on said stable dispersion; (V) reacting said monomer and said internal crosslinking agent to form a superabsorbent polymer material; and (VI) controlling said dispersion step (II), said stabilization step (III), said expansion step (IV) and said reaction step (V) to form a superabsorbent polymer foam comprising a plurality of mutually connected struts of said superabsorbent polymer material to form open cells such that the foam has: (a) a surface area to mass ratio of at least about 0.2 m2\/g; (b) an average cell size of less than about 100 microns; and (c) a density of less than about 0.5 g\/cm3.","label":"Household","id":1024} +{"sentence":"Method of Manufacturing Superhydrophobic Silica-Based PowderDisclosed is a method of manufacturing superhydrophobic silica-based powder, including adding a water glass solution, which is not subjected to ion exchange, serving as a precursor, with an organosilane compound having an alkaline pH and an inorganic acid to thus subject the water glass solution to surface modification and gelation, thereby producing hydrogel, immersing the hydrogel in a nonpolar solvent to thus subject the hydrogel to solvent exchange and Na+ removal, and drying the hydrogel, subjected to solvent exchange, at ambient pressure, thereby manufacturing aerogel powder. This invention is very important from an industrial point of view because it involves a very simple process and realizes economic benefits.1 . A method of manufacturing superhydrophobic silica-based powder, comprising: adding a water glass solution, which is not subjected to ion exchange, serving as a precursor, with an organosilane compound having an alkaline pH and an inorganic acid to thus subject the water glass solution to surface modification and gelation, thereby producing a hydrogel; immersing the hydrogel in a nonpolar solvent to thus subject the hydrogel to solvent exchange and Na+ removal; and drying the hydrogel, subjected to solvent exchange, at an ambient pressure, thereby manufacturing an aerogel powder.","label":"IndustConst","id":1025} +{"sentence":"Method for producing modified conjugated diene-based polymer, modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and modified conjugated diene-based polymer compositionA method for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a good balance between the hysteresis loss properties and the wet skid resistance, practically sufficient abrasion resistance and breaking strength, and high processability when formed into a vulcanized product is provided. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing a conjugated diene compound, copolymerizing conjugated diene compounds, or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound using an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator to obtain a conjugated diene-based polymer having an active end, and a modifying step of reacting a compound represented by following formula (1) with the active end of the conjugated diene-based copolymer.1. A method of producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing a conjugated diene compound, copolymerizing conjugated diene compounds, or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound using an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator to obtain a conjugated diene-based polymer having an active end, and a modifying step of reacting a compound represented by following formula (1) with the active end of the conjugated diene-based copolymer: wherein R1to R4each independently represent an alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R5represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms; R6represents an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; m is an integer of 1 or 2; and n is an integer of 2 or 3.","label":"Automobile","id":1026} +{"sentence":"Syntactic Foam Compositions, Pipelines Insulated with Same, and MethodSyntactic foams and thermal insulation as described containing epoxy resin, hollow microspheres, and dried sol-gel or fumed metal oxide for forming a thermal insulating layer on a substrate such as a pipeline. Methods for forming such thermal insulating layers are also described, which can include formulating with blowing agents for forming closed cells in the finished insulating foam.1 . A curable epoxy syntactic foam coating composition for forming a thermal insulating material, wherein the composition comprises: a) curable epoxy resin; b) hollow microspheres; and c) dried sol-gel or fumed metal oxide having a particle size less than about 100 μm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1027} +{"sentence":"Method of producing 1,3-butadiene from N-butene using continuous-flow dual-bed reactorA method of producing 1,3-butadiene by the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene using a continuous-flow dual-bed reactor designed such that two kinds of catalysts charged in a fixed-bed reactor are not physically mixed. More particularly, a method of producing 1,3-butadiene by the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butene using a C4 mixture including n-butene and n-butane as reactants and using a continuous-flow dual-bed reactor in which a multi-component bismuth molybdate catalyst and a zinc ferrite catalyst having different reaction activity in the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction of n-butene isomers (1-butene, trans-2-butene, cis-2-butene).1. A method of producing 1,3 butadiene using a continuous-flow dual bed reactor, comprising: a) charging the continuous-flow dual bed reactor with a bismuth molybdate-based first catalyst and a ferrite-based second catalyst layer to form a first catalyst layer and a second catalyst layer such that a quartz layer is disposed between the first and second catalyst layers to separate the first and second catalyst layers; b) passing a reactant including a C4 mixture containing n-butene, air and steam through the catalyst layers of the continuous-flow dual bed reactor to conduct an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction; and c) obtaining 1,3-butadiene by the oxidative dehydrogenation reaction.","label":"Catalyst","id":1028} +{"sentence":"Process for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chlorideA batch suspension of vinyl chloride is processed in a reaction zone with external cooling zone wherein the volume ratio of total monomer charge to water is more than 0.8 and dispersing agent is 0.03 to 0.1% based on monomers. Circulation of reaction mixture to cooling zone is initiated after conversion of monomer is at least 20%.1. In a process for the batchwise suspension polymerization of a reaction mixture comprising vinyl chloride, wherein the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, in the presence or absence of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable therewith, in an aqueous medium in the presence of a dispersing and an oil-soluble polymerization initiator is carried out in a polymerization reaction zone connected via a circulation line to an external cooling zone, the improvement wherein the volume ratio of the total monomer charge to the amount of water is kept at a level of more than 0.8 and the amount of said dispersing agent used is 0.03 to 0.1% by weight based on the total charge of the monomer, and circulation of the polymerization reaction mixture to the external cooling zone is initiated after the conversion of the monomer in the polymerization reaction mixture reaches at least 20% by weight, and wherein an additional amount of the oil-soluble polymerization initiator is added to the polymerization reaction mixture after the initiation of its circulation, and wherein during the circulation of the polymerization mixture, the monomer is additionally added thereto thereby to maintain the volume ratio of the total monomer charge\/water at the range of 0.8 to 1.3.","label":"HouseConst","id":1029} +{"sentence":"Deodorizing super-absorbent compositionThe invention relates generally to an odor-absorbing superabsorbing composition, a process for production of an odor-absorbing superabsorbing composition, a composite comprising an odor-absorbing superabsorbing composition, a hygiene article comprising a composite, chemical products comprising or based on an odor-absorbing superabsorbing composition or a composite, as well as the use of an odor-absorbing superabsorbing composition or of a composite in chemical products.1. An odor-absorbing superabsorbing composition, comprising: i a post-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer structure having an average particle size in the range of about 515 μm to about 850 μm; and ii an odor binder comprising as components b1 an amino acid wherein said amino acid is cysteine; and b2 a ricinolate compound of general formula I with R1 as a C1 to C20 hydrocarbon, X as not present or a double bond system comprising in a range from 1 to about 5 double bonds; M as a charged or uncharged metal; m in a range from 1 to about 15; n in a range from 1 to about 5; o in a range from 1 to about 4, wherein said odor binder is brought into contact with the surface of the post-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer structure after surface crosslinking such that the penetration depth of said odor binder into said surface of the post-crosslinked water-absorbing polymer structure is less than 2% of the diameter of the water-absorbing polymer structure wherein the odor-absorbing superabsorbing composition has an absorption against pressure of 0.7 psi (AAP(0.7 psi)) of from 21 g\/g to 30 g\/g.","label":"Household","id":1030} +{"sentence":"Granular akali metal alkoxides and alkaline earth metal alkoxidesAn alkali metal alkoxide or alkaline earth metal alkoxide in granular form.1. A granular alkali metal alkoxide.","label":"Catalyst","id":1031} +{"sentence":"Fibres of increased specific surface area, a method for their manufacture, fluff pulp consisting of such fibres and the use of the fibres as absorption materialFibres which have an increased specific surface area and improved absorption properties, preferably intended for use in the form of fluff pulp in absorption articles such as diapers, incontinence guards, etc., in which the fibres present a porous layer of hydrophilic chemicals anchored on the fibre surface; a method of producing such fibres, their use in absorption articles and an absorption material which includes the fibres.1. Fibres of organic material in the form of fluff, for use in absorption articles, wherein the fibres have firmly anchored on surfaces thereof by chemical bonding a porous hydrophilic layer having a thickness less than 2000 .ANG. and containing as a main component positive inorganic ions, the specific surface area of the fibres being at least 1.2 m2\/g and the hydrophilic porous layer having a contact angle with water of at most 70°.","label":"Household","id":1032} +{"sentence":"Super-absorbent polymer having improved absorbency propertiesSuper-absorbent polymers having superior dryness properties when incorporated into absorbent articles are made from acrylic acid and crosslinking agent polymerized under controlled conditions.1. A process of preparing a super-absorbent polymer which comprises: (a) forming an aqueous solution of acrylic acid, a water soluble polysaccharide, and a multifunctional monomer, wherein said multifunctional monomer has at least two polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated double bonds per molecule, wherein said acrylic acid and said polysaccharide are present in the amount of about 90 to about 100 weight percent acrylic acid and about 0 to about 10 weight percent polysaccharide wherein said weight percents are based on the weight of the acrylic acid and the polysaccharide, wherein said multifunctional monomer is present in the amount of about 0.075 to about 1 mole percent based on the moles of acrylic acid, and wherein the acrylic acid and the polysaccharide are present in the aqueous solution in the amount of about 5 to about 30 weight percent wherein the weight percent is based on the weight of acrylic acid, polysaccharide and water; (b) adding to the aqueous solution at a temperature of about 5° to about 20° C., a redox catalyst system and a thermal free radical initiator wherein the reducing agent part of the redox catalyst is present in the amount of about 6×10-5to about 2.5×10-3mole percent based the moles of acrylic acid, wherein the oxidizing agent part of the redox catalyst is present in the amount of about 3.4×10-3to about 0.42 mole percent based on the moles of acrylic acid and wherein the thermal free radical initiator is present in the amount of about 0.1 to about 0.4 weight percent based on the weight of acrylic acid, (c) allowing the exothermic temperature to rise under adiabatic conditions to a peak temperature not to exceed 90° C., thereby forming a polymer gel (d) holding the temperature within 10° C. of the peak temperature for a time sufficient to reduce residual monomer content below 1000 ppm; (e) neutralizing about 50 to about 100 percent of the carboxylic acid groups in the polymer with an aqueous base; (f) adding a multifunctional compound having at least two groups capable of forming ionic or covalent bonds with carboxylic acid groups wherein said multifunctional compound is added in the amount of about 0.05 to about 15 mole percent based on the moles of acrylic acid; (g) heating at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 200° C. to dry the polymer to a moisture content below about 10 percent by weight; (h) and grinding the polymer to a particle size of about 20 to 400 mesh (U.S. Standard Sieve).","label":"Household","id":1033} +{"sentence":"Methods for making epoxidized fatty acid alkyl estersMethods for making epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters. Such epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters can be prepared by epoxidizing a natural oil with an acid and a peroxide. Residual acid in the epoxidized natural oil is not neutralized, such as with a base, prior to esterification to produce the epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters. Epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters can be employed in plasticizers, either alone or in combination with other plasticizers, such as epoxidized natural oils. Such plasticizers in turn may be used in the formation of polymeric compositions.1. A process for producing epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters, said process comprising: (a) epoxidizing a natural oil by contacting said natural oil with an acid and a peroxide to thereby produce an epoxidized reaction mixture comprising epoxidized natural oil, residual acid, residual peroxide, and water; (b) removing a portion of said residual acid, at least a portion of said residual peroxide, and at least a portion of said water from said epoxidized reaction mixture to thereby produce an intermediate reaction mixture; and (c) esterifying at least a portion of said epoxidized natural oil in said intermediate reaction mixture, thereby forming said epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters, wherein said residual acid is not neutralized prior to said esterifying of step (c).","label":"HouseConst","id":1034} +{"sentence":"Preparation of a low polydisperse polymerA liquid hydrocarbon soluble difunctional organolithium initiator (DFI) is reacted with an anionically polymerizable monomer, such as isoprene or 1,3-butadiene, in the presence of a diamine or a triamine to form a polymer having low polydispersity and high tensile strength. The DFI is prepared by reacting a dialkenylarylene compound with an alkyllithium in a nonpolar solvent and in the presence of sufficient quantities of a trisubstituted amine to prevent precipitation of the DFI in the solvent.1. A process comprising dissolving and reacting in a nonpolar solvent and in the presence of an organic polyamine and a sufficient quantity of a trisubstituted amine to keep a difunctional organolithium initiator dissolved in the nonpolar solvent, an anionically polymerizable monomer or monomers selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene monomers and copolymerizable olefin monomers, the difunctional organolithium initiator corresponding to the formula: wherein R1and R2are each independently C1to C6branched or linear alkyl or cycloalkyl groups; and R3contains at least one arylene group and is attached to each lithium-substituted carbon atom of the above formula through an aromatic carbon; and wherein the organic polyamine corresponds to the formula: wherein R's independently in each occurrence is a C2-C20alkadiyl group or an inertly-substituted C2-C20alkadiyl group; R" independently in each occurrence is a C1-C20alkyl group or an inertly-substituted C1-C20alkyl group; and n is 0or 1.","label":"Automobile","id":1035} +{"sentence":"Method for obtaining higher alcoholsThe invention relates to a method for obtaining higher alcohols from lower alcohols with a catalyst that is a metal oxide comprising gallium and a noble metal selected from the list containing Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh and Re.1. A process for obtaining C3-C15 higher alcohols which comprises a contact step between at least one reagent selected from the group consisting of methanol, ethanol, propanol and isopropanol, and a catalyst, where said catalyst is a metal oxide that comprises the following metals: M1 is at least one bivalent metal selected from the group consisting of Mg, Zn, Cu, Co, Mn, Fe, Ni and Ca, and M2 is trivalent Ga, and further contains a noble metal selected from the group consisting of Pd, Pt, Ru, Rh and Re.","label":"Process","id":1036} +{"sentence":"Process for synthesizing compositions containing smectite-type clays and gellants produced therebyThis invention provides a process for synthesizing compositions containing trioctahedral smectite-type clays which contain fluorine within their layer lattices. In particular, the invention provides a process for synthesizing compositions having mole ratios of Li, Na, Mg and Si, expressed as oxides, and F of: [Equation] aLi2O : bNa2O : cMgO : dF : 8SiO2 (I) where 0≤a<1.2, 0≤b<0.6, 4.75≤c<7, 060%.","label":"HouseConst","id":1093} +{"sentence":"TIRE WITH CHAFER COMPONENTThis invention relates to a tire having a chafer component, particularly tires expected to be used for heavy duty service in a sense of carrying heavy loads such as for example truck tires.1 . A pneumatic tire having a composite of a chafer component, where said chafer component is a rubber composition containing specialized cis 1,4-polybutadiene elastomer comprised of, based on parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of rubber (phr): (A) 100 phr of conjugated diene-based elastomers comprised of: (1) specialized cis 1,4-polybutadiene elastomer, and (2) additional conjugated diene based elastomer comprised of at least one of polymers of at least one of isoprene and 1,3-butadiene and copolymers of styrene and at least one of isoprene and 1,3-butadiene, and (B) rubber reinforcing filler comprised of a combination of rubber reinforcing carbon black and precipitated silica, and: (C) coupling agent for said precipitated silica having a moiety reactive with hydroxyl groups on said precipitated silica and another different moiety interactive with said elastomer(s); wherein said specialized cis 1,4-polybutadiene elastomers are comprised of: (1) a first specialized cis 1,4-polybutadiene elastomer having a microstructure comprised of about 94 to about 99 percent cis 1,4-isomeric units and a vinyl 1,2-content of less than one percent, alternately in a range of from about 0.2 to about 0.8 percent, a number average molecular weight (Mn) in a range of from about 180,000 to about 350,000 with less than 5, alternately about zero, percent, of the rubber having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of less than 100,000; and a heterogeneity index (Mw\/Mn) in a range of from about 1.4\/1 to about 2\/1, or (2) a second specialized cis 1,4-polybutadiene having a microstructure comprised of about 94 to about 99 percent cis 1,4-isomeric units and a vinyl 1,2-content of less than one percent, alternately in a range of from about 0.2 to about 0.8 percent, a number average molecular weight (Mn) in a range of from about 150,000 to about 300,000 with less than 10, alternately from about 2 to about 10, percent, of the rubber having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of less than 100,000; and a heterogeneity index (Mw\/Mn) in a range of from about 1.4\/1 to about 2\/1, wherein the polybutadiene is sulfur dichloride, disulfur dichloride or thionylcloride treated to cause a molecular weight jump.","label":"Automobile","id":1094} +{"sentence":"Method of isolating methacrylic acidA method of isolating and recovering methacrylic acid from a methacrylic acid-containing reaction product gas resulting from the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of isobutylene, tertiary butanol or isobutyraldehyde, which comprises introducing the reaction product gas comprising methacrylic acid and various by-products including high boiling substances at a high temperature of 250° to 300° C. into a cooling zone, rapidly cooling the gas therein to a temperature of not more than 100° C. to condense methacrylic acid and thus isolate methacrylic acid, while also converting the high boiling substances to fumes, thereafter introducing the cooled gas containing said fumes into a venturi scrubber, contacting it therein with an aqueous medium to remove said fumes, finally introducing the treated gas into a methacrylic acid-absorbing zone and absorbing methacrylic acid by absorption into an aqueous medium.1. A method of isolating and recovering methacrylic acid from a methacrylic acid-containing reaction product gas resulting from the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of isobutylene, tertiary butanol or isobutyraldehyde, which comprises introducing the reaction product gas comprising methacrylic acid and various by-products including high boiling substances at a high temperature of 250° to 300° C. into a cooling zone constructed of sieve trays without a downcomer, rapidly cooling the gas therein to a temperature of not more than 100° C. to condense methacrylic acid and thus isolate methacrylic acid, while also converting the high boiling substances to fumes, thereafter introducing the cooled gas containing said fumes into a venturi scrubber, contacting it therein with an aqueous medium to remove said fumes, finally introducing the treated gas into a methacrylic acid-absorbing zone constructed of sieve trays without a downcomer and absorbing methacrylic acid by absorption into an aqueous medium.","label":"Process","id":1095} +{"sentence":"Method for the preparation of low odor copolymer latexesA method of preparing a low odor polymer latex composition includes the step of polymerizing a monovinylidene monomer, such as styrene, and a conjugated diene, such as butadiene, in the presence of a linear alkyl thiol chain transfer agent. The resulting polymer latex is treated with an oxidizing agent to oxidize residual chain transfer agent to volatile decomposition products that are then removed by steam stripping.1. A method of preparing a polymer composition, comprising; polymerizing one or more monomers in a free radical polymerization in the presence of a chain transfer agent to produce a first polymer latex, wherein the chain transfer agent is a linear alkyl thiol; treating the first polymer latex with an inorganic oxidizing agent to oxidize residual chain transfer agent to decomposition products capable of removal by steam stripping; and subjecting the reaction mixture to steam stripping to remove at least some of said decomposition products from the reaction mixture.","label":"IndustConst","id":1096} +{"sentence":"Process to recover low grade heat from a fractionation systemThis invention relates to methods and apparatus for the energy efficient separation of ethane and propane from any hydrocarbon feed, i.e., from natural gas, natural gas liquids, liquid natural gas, or from gases from refinery or petroleum plants.1 . A process for the distillation of hydrocarbons for a hydrocarbon-containing feed, comprising the steps of: a. introducing said hydrocarbon containing feed to a first distillation column; b. withdrawing a first overhead product comprising ethane and substantially free from heavier hydrocarbons, from the top of said first distillation column; c. withdrawing a first bottoms product comprising propane and substantially free from ethane, from the bottom of the first distillation column; d. feeding said first bottoms product from the bottom of said first distillation column into a second distillation column; e. withdrawing a second overhead product comprising propane and substantially free from heavier hydrocarbons, from the top of said second distillation column; f. withdrawing a second bottoms product comprising heavier hydrocarbons from the bottom of said second distillation column; g. using a refrigerant to recover heat from said first overhead product; and h. compressing said refrigerant to generate a first recompression heat and using at least some of the recompression heat thereby produced as a heat source.","label":"Process","id":1097} +{"sentence":"Process for the oxidation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons to aldehydes using attrition resistant catalystsOlefin oxidation catalysts having improved attrition resistance are produced by incorporating a substantially uniform-appearing coating of a partially calcined catalytic material onto an inert porous support containing sorbed aqueous silica sol and then completing the calcination of the catalyst. Such catalysts are useful in a variety of exothermic chemical processes, including vapor phase oxidation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons to the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes, especially propylene to acrolein.1. In a process for the oxidation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons containing 3 to 5 carbon atoms to the corresponding olefinically unsaturated aldehydes, the improvement comprising reacting, in the vapor phase, said olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbon with molecular oxygen in the presence of an improved attrition resistant oxidation catalyst prepared by: (1) wetting an essentially inert porous support capable of holding finely divided active catalytic material on its outer surface with a sufficient amount of aqueous silica sol containing from about 20 to about 40 weight percent silica, based on the weight of aqueous silica sol, to provide a wetted support which contains up to the maximum amount of aqueous silica sol which the support can sorb without having the appearance of liquid on the outer surface of said wetted support; (2) coating the outer surface of said wetted support with a uniformly appearing coating of a dried precursor of a finely divided catalytically active oxide material having the empirical formula: [Equation] Mo12BiaNibFecCodLeMfOx wherein Mo, Bi, Ni, Fe, Co and O respectively are the elements molybdenum bismuth, nickel, iron cobalt and oxygen; L is at least one element selected from potassium and rubidium; M is at least one element selected from phosphorous, cerium, germanium, manganese, niobium, antimony and tanralum; a, b, c, d, e, f, are respectively numbers of atoms of Bi, Ni, Fe, Co, L, M: wherein a is 0.3-3; b is 1-6; c is 1-6 di is 1-7; e is 0.05-2 and f is 0.3-06; and x represents the number of oxygen atoms sufficient to satisfy the valence requirement of the other elements for the oxidation of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons to the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes, said precursor having been heated at a temperature of from about 200° C. to about 350° C. in the presence of molecular oxygen for a period of time sufficient to remove the majority of the volatiles therefrom; and (3) calcining said coated wetted support at a temperature of from about 400° C. to 570° C. to provide a thermodynamically stabilized catalyst, having the desired catalytic activity for the oxidative conversion of olefinically unsaturated hydrocarbons to the corresponding unsaturated aldehydes, combined with a special attrition index not exceeding about 10 weight percent.","label":"Process","id":1098} +{"sentence":"Shaped catalyst particlesShaped catalyst particles are described which are particularly useful in hydrocarbon conversion processes and, in particular, in processes which are influenced by mass transfer such as the trickle bed hydrogenation process and hydrotreating of residuum.1. A porous hydrotreating catalyst particle having a composition comprising a major portion of alumina; up to about 36 weight percent of silica, based on the total weight of silica and alumina; from about 10 to 25 weight percent of molybdenum in the form of its oxide or sulfide; and a total of about 1 to 8 weight percent of a metal selected from cobalt, nickel and mixtures thereof in the form of the corresponding oxide or sulfide, said percentages being based on the total weight of said catalyst particle; said particle being further characterized by a polylobal cross-sectional shape defining a concave geometric solid, said cross-sectional shape being defined by circles, all of said circles in said cross-sectional shape having equal diameters, the centers of said circles being spaced from one another by a distance which is from about 3\/8 to about 15\/16 of the diameters of said circles and when more than two lobes are present, lines connecting the centers of adjacent circles form a substantially equilateral polygon, each side of said polygon being from 3\/8 to 15\/16 of the diameters of said circles and all of said cross-sectional shape included by said circles being of said composition; said particle size being defined by a ratio of geometric volume to geometric surface in the range of about 0.001 to 0.042 inch; a catalytic surface area greater than 150 square meters per gram; and a catalytic pore volume in the range of about 0.35 to 0.85 cubic centimeters per gram, said pore volume resulting from a major portion of pores of diameter in the range of 40 to 90 Angstrom units when measured with mercury at up to about 50,000 pounds per square inch absolute pressure and a contact angle of 140°.","label":"Process","id":1099} +{"sentence":"Methacrylic acid separationA process to recover acrylic acid or methacrylic acid by using a split quench process which allows acrylic acid or methacrylic acid to be recovered from the resulting aqueous solutions by a combination of solvent extraction and azeotropic dehydration that minimizes the amount of solvent required.1. A process for separating methacrylic acid from a methacrylic acid-containing gaseous effluent which comprises: (a) feeding the gaseous effluent to a first-stage partial condenser wherein the effluent is brought into direct contact with a part of the condensed liquid previously obtained in the condenser, said condenser being at a temperature in the range of from about 16° to 70° C., whereby a portion of the methacrylic acid and water vapor in the effluent are condensed to form a relatively concentrated aqueous methacrylic acid liquid stream and whereby a substantial portion of the methacrylic acid and water vapor leaves the first-stage condenser in the vapor phase along with noncondensible gases and the major portion of methacrolein contained in the effluent; (b) feeding the vapor phase, leaving the first-stage condenser, to a second-stage condenser where the vapor is brought into direct contact with a part of the condensed liquid obtained in the second-stage condenser, said second stage condenser being at a temperature equal to or less than that of the first-stage condenser whereby most of the methacrylic acid and a large portion of the water contained in the vapor feed are condensed to form an aqueous methacrylic acid liquid stream that is less concentrated in methacrylic acid than is the liquid leaving the first-stage condenser; (c) feeding a liquid stream from the first-stage condenser to a first distillation column where methacrolein is removed as an overhead product; (d) feeding a liquid stream from the second-stage condenser to a second distillation column where methacrolein is removed as an overhead product; (e) extracting the stream from the bottom of the second distillation column, described in step d, with a suitable solvent to form an organic phase; (f) feeding both the organic phase from the extractor and the liquid from the bottom of the first distillation column described in step c, to a third distillation column wherein solvent and water dizeotrope are removed overhead and methacrylic acid is removed from bottom of the column.","label":"Process","id":1100} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymer containing clay particulate, and method of making sameA process for the preparation of superabsorbent polymer containing clay, the process including the steps of (I) polymerizing a polymerization mixture comprising: (a) one or more ethylenically unsaturated carboxyl-containing monomers, (b) one or more crosslinking agents, (c) optionally one or more comonomers copolymerizable with the carboxyl-containing monomer, (d) neutralizing agent to partially neutralize the polymer to from about 50% to about 99%, by weight, and (e) a polymerization medium, to form a crosslinked partially neutralized hydrogel, (II) admixing a clay with the crosslinked partially neutralized hydrogel to form partially neutralized superabsorbent polymer-clay hydrogel; (III) drying the crosslinked partially neutralized hydrogel at a temperature from about 190° C. to about 210° C. and for a time period of from about 15 minutes to about 120 minutes, and (IV) comminuting the dried partially neutralized superabsorbent polymer-clay hydrogel to particles.1. A superabsorbent polymer containing hydrous kaolin particulate comprising: a) a superabsorbent polymer particulate comprising an intimately admixed blend of from about 95 wt % to about 99.5 wt % of a neutralized superabsorbent polymer hydrogel and from about 5 wt % to about 10 wt % of a hydrous kaolin; wherein the admixed blend is dried and comminuted into superabsorbent polymer particulate wherein the superabsorbent polymer hydrogel is neutralized to from about 50 mol % to about 80 mol %; b) wherein the superabsorbent polymer particulate of a) is surface treated with from about 0.001 wt % to about 5 wt % of a surface crosslinking agent to form a surface crosslinked superabsorbent polymer particulate; and c) wherein the surface crosslinked particulate composition of b) is surface treated with from about 0.01 wt % to about 5 wt % of a multivalent salt to form the superabsorbent polymer containing hydrous kaolin particulate; wherein the superabsorbent polymer containing hydrous kaolin particulate has a Centrifuge Retention Capacity of from about 25 g\/g to about 40 g\/g as measured by the Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test, and wherein, after surface crosslinking, the superabsorbent polymer particulate is dried at a temperature of 195° C. for 18 minutes such that the superabsorbent polymer particulate exhibits a Centrifuge Retention Capacity about 3 g\/g greater than if the superabsorbent polymer particulate had been dried at 185° C. for 18 minutes.","label":"Household","id":1101} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing thermoplastic molding compositionsOne embodiment of the present invention provides a process, which includes: graft polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in suspension in the presence of a core-shell impact modifier; wherein the core-shell impact modifier includes: a core including polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride copolymers; and a shell including crosslinked alkyl (meth)acrylate homo- or copolymers. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride molding composition modified with an elastomer-containing core-shell modifier, prepared by a process, which includes graft polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in suspension in the presence of a core-shell impact modifier; wherein the core-shell impact modifier includes a core including polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride copolymers; and a shell including crosslinked alkyl (meth)acrylate homo- or copolymers. Another embodiment of the present invention provides a plastic profile, which includes the above-noted composition. Another embodiment of the present invention provides an article selected from the group including window frame, pipe, film, siding and panel, which includes the above-noted composition. By the present invention, a thermoplastic polyvinyl chloride molding composition is obtained that has improved impact strength, corner strength and optical properties.1. A process, comprising: graft polymerizing a vinyl chloride monomer in suspension in the presence of a core-shell impact modifier; wherein said core-shell impact modifier comprises: a core comprising polyvinyl chloride or vinyl chloride copolymers; and a shell comprising crosslinked alkyl (meth)acrylate homo- or copolymers.","label":"HouseConst","id":1102} +{"sentence":"Amorphous submicron particlesA process for milling amorphous solids using a milling apparatus can result in particles having a median particle diameter d50 of <1.5 μm. The process includes: operating a mill in a milling phase with an operating medium selected from the group consisting of gas, vapor, steam, a gas containing steam and mixtures thereof, and heating a milling chamber in a heat-up phase before the actual operation with the operating medium in such a way that a temperature in the milling chamber, the mill exit or both, is higher than a dew point of the operating medium.1. Amorphous pulverulent solids having a median particle size d50 (TEM) of <1.5 μm and\/or a d90 value (TEM) of <2 μm and\/or a d99 value (TEM) of <2 μm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1103} +{"sentence":"Grafting polyolefin blends and use of the graft copolymer blends as an adhesion promoter and for the preparation of ionomersEthylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids and\/or carboxylic anhydrides are grafted onto polyolefin blends by a process in which the polyolefin blend consists of from 5 to 49 parts by weight of an ethylene\/propylene block copolymer having an ethylene content of less than or equal to 20% by weight and from 51 to 95 parts by weight of a homopolymer or copolymer of ethylene, and the resulting graft copolymer blends are used as adhesion promoters, in particular for polyethylene\/adhesion promotor\/steel composites, and for the preparation of ionomers.1. A process for preparing a graft copolymer of grafting monomers selected from the group consisting of ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acids, carboxylic anhydrides and mixtures thereof and a polyolefin blend of from 51 to 95 parts by weight of a homopolymer or copolymer of ethylene (A) and from 5 to 49 parts by weight of an ethylene\/propylene block copolymer (B), which differs from (A), having an ethylene content of less than or about equal to 20% by weight and a propylene content of greater than or equal to 80% by weight, said process comprising: mixing 0.01 to 0.5% by weight, based on the polyolefin blend, of said monomers with the polyolefin blend in a molten state; and carrying out the grafting reaction at a temperature of from 21° C. to 300° C. and under a pressure of from 1 to 500 bar in the absence of a free-radical initiator.","label":"Construct","id":1104} +{"sentence":"Hydrolysable silanes and elastomer compositions containing themThis invention relates to hydrolysable silanes useful in the modification of elastomers, and as coupling agents for diene elastomer compositions containing a filler. In particular the invention relates to novel hydrolysable silanes containing a piperazine ring and an ether or thioether linkage.1. A hydrolysable silane of the formula wherein each R represents a hydrolysable group; each R″ represents a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; n =1 to 3; Y represents a divalent organic spacer linkage having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; m =0 or 1; the piperazine ring ("Pip") is optionally substituted on his carbon atoms and bonded through its nitrogen atoms; Z represents an oxygen or sulphur atom; o is 0 or 1; R1represents a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms: R2represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms and m+o is 1 or 2.","label":"Automobile","id":1105} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MODIFIED POLYMER, MODIFIED POLYMER OBTAINED BY THE PROCESS, AND RUBBER COMPOSITIONProvided is a process for producing a modified polymer, characterized by carrying out primary modification in which a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound is reacted with the active site of a polymer having an active site of an organic metal type in a molecule and then carrying out secondary modification in which the hydrocarbyloxysilane compound is further reacted therewith. This makes it possible to provide a modified polymer which enhances interactions with silica and carbon black when used for both of silica-blended and carbon black-blended rubber compositions and which elevates the fracture characteristic, the abrasion resistance and the low heat buildup property at the same time and can exhibit a good workability.1 . A modified polymer obtained by a production process characterized by carrying out primary modification in which a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound I is reacted with the active site of a polymer having an active site of an organic metal in a molecule and then carrying out secondary modification in which a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound II or unreacted hydrocarbyloxysilane compound I is further reacted therewith.","label":"Automobile","id":1106} +{"sentence":"Saturated tricyclic ligand containing metal complexes and olefin polymerization processBridged, group 4 Metal complexes useful as olefin polymerization catalyst components corresponding to the formula: L1ZL2MXmX'n or a dimer, solvated adduct, chelated derivative or mixture thereof, wherein: L1is a partially saturated tricyclic group, especially octahydrofluorenyl, L2is a substituted cyclopentadienyl group that is bound to M by means of delocalized π-electrons, said cyclopentadienyl group being substituted at one and only one of its two distal positions with a bulky ligand group, Z is divalent bridging substituent, X each occurrence is a monovalent, anionic moiety having up to 40 non-hydrogen atoms, optionally, two X groups may be covalently bound together forming a divalent dianionic moiety having both valences bound to M, or, optionally 2 X groups may be covalently bound together to form a neutral, conjugated or nonconjugated diene that is bonded to M by means of delocalized π-electrons (whereupon M is in the +2 oxidation state), or further optionally one or more X and one or more X' groups may be bonded together thereby forming a moiety that is both covalently bound to M and coordinated thereto; m is 1 or 2 and is equal to two less than the formal oxidation state of M, except when 2 X groups together form a neutral conjugated or non-conjugated diene that is π-bonded to M, in which case m is equal to the formal oxidation state of M; X' is a neutral ligand having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, and n is a number from 0 to 3.1. A metal complex corresponding to the formula: [Equation] L1ZL2MXmX'sn wherein: M independently each occurrence is a metal of Group 4 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; L1is a partially saturated tricyclic group that is bound to M by means of delocalized π-electrons, said group containing up to 50 nonhydrogen atoms and corresponding to the formula: wherein R3independently each occurrence is hydrogen, or a silyl, hydrocarbyl or silyl-substituted hydrocarbyl group of up to 10 nonhydrogen atoms, and each w, independently, is a whole number from 4 to 6; L2is a substituted cyclopentadienyl group that is bound to M by means of delocalized π-electrons, said cyclopentadienyl group being substituted at one and only one of its two distal positions with a bulky group, R4,selected from the group consisting of C3-20hydrocarbyl groups bonded to the cyclopentadienyl ring by means of a secondary or tertiary substituted carbon atom, and aryl groups of up to 20 carbons, said L2group containing up to 50 nonhydrogen atoms; Z is a divalent substituent bridging L1and L2of up to 50 non-hydrogen atoms having the formula, --(ER22)m--, wherein E independently each occurrence is carbon, silicon or germanium, R2independently each occurrence is selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, and germyl of up to 20 atoms other than hydrogen, and m is an integer from 1 to 3; X each occurrence is a monovalent, anionic moiety having up to 40 non-hydrogen atoms, optionally, two X groups may be covalently bound together forming a divalent dianionic moiety having both valences bound to M, further optionally, 2 X groups may be covalently bound together to form a neutral, conjugated or nonconjugated diene that is bonded to M by means of delocalized π-electrons (whereupon M is in the +2 oxidation state), or still further optionally one or more X and one or more X's groups may be bonded together thereby forming a moiety that is both covalently bound to M and coordinated; m is 1 or 2 and is equal to two less than the formal oxidation state of M, except when 2 X groups together form a neutral conjugated or non-conjugated diene that is π-bonded to M, in which case in is equal to the formal oxidation state of M, X's is a neutral ligand having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms other than a diene, and optionally X's and L1or X's and L2are covalently bonded together, and n is a number from 0 to 3.","label":"Catalyst","id":1107} +{"sentence":"Ultrahigh-molecular ethylene polymerThe present invention relates to an ultrahigh molecular weight ethylene polymer which is either an ethylene homopolymer (A) or an ethylene copolymer (B), the ethylene copolymer (B) being obtained by copolymerizing a) 99.9 to 75.0% by weight of ethylene and b) 0.1 to 25.0% by weight of a comonomer which is at least one olefin selected from the group consisting of α-olefins having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, cyclic olefins having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, compounds represented by the formula CH2═CHR (in which R is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms) and linear, branched or cyclic dienes having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, the ethylene polymer having i) a viscosity average molecular weight of 1 million or more ii) a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of more than 3 and iii) a Ti content of not more than 3 ppm and a Cl content of 5 ppm in the polymer.1 . An ultrahigh molecular weight ethylene polymer which is either an ethylene homopolymer (A) or an ethylene copolymer (B), the ethylene copolymer (B) being obtained by copolymerizing a) 99.9 to 75.0% by weight of ethylene and b) 0.1 to 25.0% by weight of a comonomer which is at least one olefin selected from the group consisting of an α-olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a cyclic olefin having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, a compound represented by the formula CH2═CHR (in which R is an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms) and a linear, branched or cyclic diene having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, the ethylene polymer having i) a viscosity average molecular weight of 1 million or more, ii) a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of more than 3, and iii) a Ti content of 3 ppm or less and a Cl content of 5 ppm or less in the polymer.","label":"Catalyst","id":1108} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing spherical and porous vinyl resin particlesProcess for making porous, substantially spherical particles of vinyl polymers or resins by the use of the suspension polymerization technique. In the polymerization there is employed a water-insoluble dispersant comprised of a substantially unneutralized crosslinked interpolymer of one or more carboxylic acid monomers with a polyunsaturated compound having a plurality of terminally unsaturated polymerizable groups and optionally a water-soluble surfactant with a polyether type hydrophilic segment using rapid stirring or high agitation while employing a monomer-soluble free radical yielding polymerization catalyst. When using the new process, the polymer buildup in the reactor is substantially reduced.1. A process for producing spherical particles of polymer having a high porosity which comprises polymerizing in an aqueous medium, in a reaction vessel having an agitator positioned therein, one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers having a terminal CH2=C−0.1299(ΔH)+62.81 for ΔH greater than zero and up to 130 J\/g, ΔT≧48° C. for ΔH greater than 130 J\/g, wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer, and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.; or (iii) characterizing by an elastic recovery, Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer, and has a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Re and d satisfy the following relationship when ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer is substantially free of a cross-linked phase: Re>1481−1629(d); or (iv) having a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a molar comonomer content of at least 5 percent higher than that of a comparable random ethylene interpolymer fraction eluting between the same temperatures, wherein said comparable random ethylene interpolymer has the same comonomer(s) and has a melt index, density, and molar comonomer content (based on the whole polymer) within 10 percent of that of the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer; or (v) having a storage modulus at 25° C., G′(25° C.), and a storage modulus at 100° C., G′(100° C.), wherein the ratio of G′(25° C.) to G′(100° C.) is in the range of about 1:1 to about 9:1; or (vii) having at least one molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a block index of at least 0.5 and up to about 1 and a molecular weight distribution, MW\/Mn, greater than about 1.3; or (viii) having an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, MW\/Mn, greater than about 1.3.","label":"Construct","id":1141} +{"sentence":"Process for producing polyolefin elastomer employing a metallocene catalystA liquid phase polymerization process is provided for producing a polyolefin elastomer, e.g., one derived from ethylene, another α-olefin such as propylene and, optionally, a diene, employing a metallocene catalyst. The process comprises contacting monomer under liquid phase polymerization conditions with a catalyst composition obtained by combining (a) a metallocene procatalyst, preferably one containing a bridging group possessing at least two bulky groups, and (b) a cocatalyst such as aluminoxane, preferably a cation-generating cocatalyst, in partial on total replacement of aluminoxane.1. An elastomer obtained from the liquid phase polymerization of ethylene, at least one other α-olefin and, optionally, it least one diene monomer to provide an elastomer, the process comprising polymerizing the monomer under liquid phase polymerization conditions in the presence of a catalytically effective amount of catalyst comprising the product obtained by combining a metallocene procatalyst with a cocatalyst, the metallocene procatalyst being at least one compound of general formulae (I) and\/or (II): [Equation] (Cp1R1m)R3n(Cp2R2p)MXq(I) [Equation] (Cp1R1m)R3nYrMXs (II) wherein Cp1of ligand (Cp1R1m) and Cp2of ligand (Cp2R2p) are the same, or different cyclopentadienyl rings, R1and R2each is, independently, halogen or a hydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted organometalloid or halocarbyl-substituted organometalloid group containing up to about 20 carbon atoms, m is 0 to 5, p is 0 to 5 and two R1and\/or R2substituents on adjacent carbon atoms of the cyclopentadienyl ring associated therewith can be joined together to form a ring fused to the cyclopentadienyl ring, the fused ring containing from 4 to about 20 carbon atoms, R3is a bridging group bridging Cp1and Cp2,n is 0 or 1, Y is a heteroatom-containing group in which the heteroatom is coordinated to M, M is a transition metal having a valence of from 3 to 6, each X is a non-cyclopentadienyl ligand and is, independently, halogen or a hydrocarbyl, oxyhydrocarbyl, halocarbyl, hydrocarbyl-substituted organometalloid or halocarbyl-substituted organometalloid group containing up to about 20 carbon atoms, q is equal to the valence of M minus 2, r has the value of n and s is equal to the valence of M minus 1 the valence of M minus 2, r has the value of n and s is equal to the valence of M minus 1 when r is 0 and is equal to the valence of M minus 2 when r is 1, the cocatalyst being an aluminoxane or a different cation-generating cocatalyst comprising: a metal- and\/or metalloid-containing first component capable of exchanging at least one X ligand in the metallocene procatalyst up to the total number thereof with, independently, a hydrogen atom, or a carbohydryl group containing up to about 20 carbon atoms or an oxycarbohydryl group containing up to 20 carbon atoms; a neutral metal- and\/or metalloid-containing second component having at least one aryl group possessing at least one electron-withdrawing substituent; and, an anionic metal-containing third component having at least one aryl group possessing at least one electron-withdrawing constituent alone or in combination with a metalloid-containing third component having at least one aryl group possessing at least one electron-withdrawing constituent, provided, that when the metallocene procatalyst is one of formula (I) and the cocatalyst is entirely an aluminoxane, or combination of aluminoxane and added trialkylaluminum, ligand (Cp1R1m) is different from ligand (Cp2R2p), bridging group R3contains at least two bulky groups and n is 1 and when the procatalyst is entirely one of formula (II), the cocatalyst comprises said different cation-generating cocatalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":1142} +{"sentence":"Multimodal polyethylene composition, mixed catalyst and process for preparing the compositionA multimodal polyethylene composition comprising at least three ethylene polymer fractions having distinct molecular weights or comonomer contents, the at least three ethylene polymer fractions comprising at least one first ethylene polymer fraction having a first molecular weight, at least one second ethylene polymer fraction having a second molecular weight higher than the first molecular weight, and at least one third ethylene polymer fraction having a third molecular weight higher than the first molecular weight, wherein the at least one first ethylene polymer fraction and the at least third ethylene polymer fraction are prepared by the use of a first and, respectively, third catalyst of the single site type.1. A polyethylene composition comprising at least three ethylene polymer fractions comprising: a) at least one first ethylene polymer fraction having: a1) a first molecular weight, a2) a first comonomer content lower than or equal to 0.3 mol %, and a3) a first density comprised between 0.950 and 0.986 g\/cm3; b) at least one second ethylene polymer fraction having: b1) a second molecular weight higher than said first molecular weight, b2) a second comonomer content higher than 0.3 mol %, and b3) a second density comprised between 0.880 and 0.960 g\/cm3; c) at least one third ethylene polymer fraction having: c1) a third molecular weight higher than said first molecular weight, c2) a third comonomer content lower or equal than 0.3 mol %, and c3) a third density comprised between 0.940 and 0.975 g\/cm3; each one of said mol % of the first, second and third comonomer content being based on the total comonomer content of the composition, wherein said at least one first ethylene polymer fraction and said at least one third ethylene polymer fraction are prepared by the use of a first catalyst and, respectively, of a third catalyst and said at least one second ethylene polymer fraction is prepared by the use of a second catalyst, the second catalyst being of the single site catalyst, the polyethylene composition having an Mw\/Mn of 11 to 18 wherein the at least one first ethylene polymer fraction, the at least one second ethylene polymer fraction, and the at least one third ethylene polymer fraction are polymerized in a single step polymerization process in the gas phase.","label":"Catalyst","id":1143} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition, production method therefor and tireObjects of the present invention are to provide a rubber composition that can obtain a rubber elastic body having small rolling resistance and excellent impact resilience and a method for producing the same, and to provide a tire having small rolling resistance and excellent impact resilience. The rubber composition of the present invention is obtained by kneading a conjugated diene polymer (A) having a group with bonding reactivity to silica only at one site of one molecule of the polymer, a polymer (B) having groups with bonding reactivity to silica at a plurality of sites of one molecule of the polymer, and a filler (C) containing silica.1. A method for producing a rubber composition the method comprising kneading: a conjugated diene polymer (A) having a group with bonding reactivity to silica only at one site of one molecule of the polymer, a polymer (B) having groups with bonding reactivity to silica at a plurality of sites of one molecule of the polymer, and a filler (C) comprising silica.","label":"Automobile","id":1144} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of cycloolefin random copolymerThere is provided a process for the production of a cycloolefin copolymer which comprises copolymerizing an α-olefin having 2 or more carbon atoms and a specific cycloolefin in the presence of a specific metallocene type catalyst in a solvent mixture of a hydrocarbon solvent having a solubility parameter (value of δ) of 7.7 [(cal\/cm3)1\/2] or more and a hydrocarbon solvent having a solubility parameter (value of δ) of 7.5 [(cal\/cm3)1\/2] or less as a polymerization solvent. A cycloolefin copolymer having a high molecular weight can be produced in a high concentration by this process at a high yield.1. A process for the production of a cycloolefin copolymer which comprises copolymerizing (1) an α-olefin having 2 or more carbon atoms and (2) at least one cycloolefin selected from the group consisting of monomers represented by the following formula (I): wherein n is 0 or 1, m is 0 or a positive integer, q is 0 or 1, R1to R18,Raand Rbare independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom and hydrocarbon group, two out of R15to R18may jointly form a single hydrocarbon ring or multiple hydrocarbon rings including carbon atoms bonded thereto, and the single ring or multiple rings may have a double bond, and R15and R16or R17and R18may form an alkylidene group, and by the following formula (II): wherein p and q are each 0 or an integer of 1 or more, m and n are each 0, 1 or 2, R1to R19are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, aliphatic hydrocarbon group, alicyclic hydrocarbon group, aromatic hydrocarbon group and alkoxy group, the carbon atom bonded to R9and R10and the carbon atom bonded to R13or R11may be bonded together directly or through an alkylene group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and R15and R12or R15and R19may jointly form a monocyclic or polycyclic aromatic ring including carbon atoms bonded thereto when n=m=0, in the presence of a catalyst formed from a transition metal compound catalyst component (a) represented by the following formula (III): wherein M1is titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium or tantalum, R1and R2are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl oxy group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl alkyl group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, alkyl aryl group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms and aryl alkenyl group having 8 to 40 carbon atoms, R3and R4are independently a mononuclear or polynuclear hydrocarbon group having a cyclopentadienyl skeleton capable of forming a sandwich structure together with a central metal M1,and R5is one of the following divalent groups: in which R6,R7and R8are independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, fluoroaryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, alkenyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl alkyl group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, alkyl aryl group having 7 to 40 carbon atoms and alkyl alkenyl group having 8 to 40 carbon atoms, R6and R7or R6and R8may jointly form a ring including an atom bonded thereto, and M2is silicon, germanium or tin, and at least one catalyst component (b) selected from the group consisting of organic aluminum oxy compounds and compounds capable of forming an ionic complex when they react with said transition metal compound, in a solvent mixture containing a hydrocarbon solvent (i) having a solubility parameter of 7.7 (cal\/cm3)1\/2 or more and a hydrocarbon solvent (ii) having a solubility parameter of 7.5 (cal\/cm3)1\/2 or less in a volume ratio (i)\/(ii) of 99\/1 to 50\/50, wherein a combination of the hydrocarbon solvent (i) and the hydrocarbon solvent (ii) is any one of combinations selected from the group consisting of cyclohexane and hexane, cyclohexane and heptane, cyclohexane and octane, cyclohexane and decane, methylcyclohexane and hexane, methylcyclohexane and heptane, methylcyclohexane and octane, and methylcyclohexane and decane.","label":"Catalyst","id":1145} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing olefin-diene copolymer using transition metal compound containing thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl ligandThe present invention relates to a preparation method for olefin-diene copolymer that comprises polymerizing at least one olefin-based monomer and at least one diene-based monomer in the presence of a catalyst comprising a novel transition metal compound. Using the novel transition metal compound as a catalyst, the preparation method for olefin-diene copolymer according to the present invention can not only acquire high catalytic activity for copolymerization of the olefin and diene monomers to achieve high process efficiency but allow it to easily control the fine-structure characteristics of the copolymer, thereby providing an olefin-diene copolymer having desired properties with ease.1. A method for preparing an olefin-diene copolymer, comprising: polymerizing at least one olefin-based monomer and at least one diene-based monomer in the presence of a catalyst comprising a transition metal compound represented by the following formula 1: wherein M is a Group 4 transition metal; Q1and Q2are independently a halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C6-C20 aryl, C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl, C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylamido, C6-C20 arylamido, or C1-C20 alkylidene; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; or C1-C2 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group, wherein R1and R2can be linked to each other to form a ring; R3and R4can be linked to each other to form a ring; and at least two of R5to R10can be linked to each other to form a ring; and R11, R12, and R13are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkoxy; or C6-C20 aryloxy, wherein R11and R12, or R12and R13can be linked to each other to form a ring.","label":"Catalyst","id":1146} +{"sentence":"Catalyst or synthesizing 1-hexene from ethylene trimerization and application thereofA catalyst for synthesizing 1-hexene from ethylene trimerization and its application are provided. Said catalyst consists of (a) the compound containing P and N, (b) electron donor, (c) Cr compound, (d) carrier and (e) accelerator. The molar ratio of (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) is 0.5-100:0.5-100:1:0.5-10:50-5000. The catalyst is prepared by mixing the components of (a)-(e) in an ethylene trimerization apparatus in situ and ethylene is introduced into the apparatus continuously. The prepared catalyst can be used to synthesize 1-hexene from ethylene trimerization in the inert solvents. The trimerization is performed at 30-150° C. and 0.5-10.0 MPa for 0.1-4 hours. The catalyst has high catalytic activity and high 1-hexene selectivity. During the process of ethylene trimerization, by-product polyethylene does not stick to the apparatus.1. A catalyst for synthesizing 1-hexene from ethylene trimerization, comprising: (1) compound (a) containing P and N, with formula: wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 independently are selected from the group consisting of phenyl, benzyl and naphthyl, and R5 is selected from the group consisting of isopropyl, butyl, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, and fluorenyl; (2) electron donor (b), which is 1,4-dichlorobenzene, 1,1,2-trichloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane, 1,1,2,2-tetrabromoethane, 1,2-dichlorethane, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, chlorobenzene, 1,2-dichlorobenzene, 1,3-dichlorobenzene, and\/or 1,4-dichlorobenzene; (3) Cr compound (c), which is chromium isooctoate, chromium chloride tetrahydrofuran, chromium 2-ethylhexanoate, and\/or chromium acetylacetonate; (4) carrier (d), which is SiO2; and (5) accelerator (e), which is trimethylaluminium, triethylaluminium, tripropyl aluminium, tributylaluminium and\/or triisobutylaluminium; wherein a molar ratio of (a), (b), (c), (d) and (e) is 1-80:1-70:1:1-8:100-4000.","label":"Catalyst","id":1147} +{"sentence":"Glycol ether-based cyclohexanoate ester plasticizers and blends therefromPlasticizers of glycol ether-based cyclohexanoate esters and blends thereof with thermoplastic polymers, such as PVC, are disclosed.1. A composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a first plasticizer compound of the formula: wherein each R1 is, independently, C1 to C12 linear or branched alkyl; each R2 is, independently, H or CH3; each n is, independently, 1, 2, 3 or 4, and when n=4, R1 is C2 to C12 linear or branched alkyl, wherein the composition further comprises a second plasticizer comprising a compound of the formula: wherein R*1 is a saturated or unsaturated cyclic hydrocarbon substituted with an alkyl and\/or an OXO-ester, and R*2 is a C4 to C20 hydrocarbyl, and wherein the second plasticizer compound comprises at least two cyclic moieties directly bonded to each other.","label":"HouseConst","id":1148} +{"sentence":"Method of production of modified conjugated diene-based rubberA method of production of modified conjugated diene-based rubber comprising a steps of using, as a polymerization initiator, an alkali metalated aromatic compound which has three or more carbon atoms which are directly bonded to alkali metal atoms and aromatic rings in one molecule so as to polymerize a monomer which contains at least a conjugated diene compound and reacting a compound of the following general formula (I) with an active ends of the obtained polymer is provided. (In the general formula (I), any one of R1and R10to R18is an atom or reactive group which can react with the active ends of said polymer or a hydrocarbon group which includes either of the same, the remaining among R1and R10to R18and R2to R9are respectively independently a hydrogen atom, alkyl group, or aryl group, and \"j\", \"k\", \"m\", and \"n\" are integers of 0 to 100.)1. A method of production of modified conjugated diene-based rubber, comprising: a first step of using, as a polymerization initiator, an alkali metalated aromatic compound which has three or more carbon atoms which are directly bonded to alkali metal atoms and aromatic rings in one molecule so as to polymerize a monomer which contains at least a conjugated diene compound and obtain a conjugated diene-based rubber which has active ends; and a second step of reacting a compound of the following formula (I) with the active ends of said conjugated diene-based rubber which has active ends, wherein, in the formula (I), any one of R1and R10to R18is an atom or reactive group which can react with the active ends of said conjugated diene-based rubber which has active ends or a hydrocarbon group which contains one of either said atom or said reactive group, while the remaining among R1and R10to R18are respectively independently a hydrogen atom, C1 to C10 alkyl group, or C6 to C12 aryl group, R2to R9are respectively independently a hydrogen atom, C1 to C10 alkyl group, or C6 to C12 aryl group, "j", "k", "m", and "n" are respectively independently integers of 0 to 100.","label":"Automobile","id":1149} +{"sentence":"Method for producing acrolein by means of dehydration of glycerolThe invention relates to a method for the synthesis of acrolein by means of dehydration of the glycerol in the presence of a solid acid catalyst having a Hammett acidity of less than +2, such as sulfated zirconium oxides, phosphated zirconium oxides, tungstated zirconium oxides, silicated zirconium oxides, sulfated tin or titanium oxides, phosphated aluminas or silicas, doped iron phosphates, and phosphotungstic or silicotungstic acid salts placed in a reactive medium comprising a gaseous phase containing between 1 and 3000 ppm of an acid compound according to the Pearson classification, selected, for example, from SO3, SO2, and NO2, the dehydration reaction being carried out either in a gaseous phase or in a liquid phase.1. A process for the synthesis of acrolein, comprising dehydrating glycerol in the presence of a solid acid catalyst in a reaction medium comprising a gas phase comprising an acid compound.","label":"Catalyst","id":1150} +{"sentence":"Functionalized Polyvinylaromatic NanoparticlesNanoparticles of a functionalized and crosslinked polyvinylaromatic (PVAr) that may be used as reinforcing filler in a polymeric composition, the PVAr being a copolymer of at least: a vinylaromatic comonomer \"A\"; a comonomer \"B\" carrying a functional group denoted by Z of formula ≡Si—X, X representing a hydroxyl or hydrolyzable group; a crosslinking comonomer \"C\" which is at least bifunctional and polymerizable by means of an addition reaction, it being possible for comonomer C to be vinylaromatic, in this case identical or different to comonomer A or non-vinylaromatic. The PVAr comprises, for example, a copolymer of styrene, ethylvinylbenzene, divinylbenzene and trimethoxysilylpropyl(meth)acrylate, being in the form of nanobeads, the diameter of which is between 10 and 100 nm. This PVAr filler, thanks to a very low density, allows the weight of polymeric compositions, especially elastomer compositions, to be reduced without degrading the reinforcement, and with an notable reduction in hysteresis.1 . Nanoparticles of a functionalized and crosslinked polyvinylaromatic, which may be used especially as reinforcing filler in a polymeric matrix, wherein said polyvinylaromatic is a copolymer of at least: a vinylaromatic comonomer "A"; a comonomer "B" carrying a functional group denoted by Z of formula ≡Si—X, X representing a hydroxyl or hydrolyzable group; a crosslinking comonomer "C" which is at least bifunctional and polymerizable by means of an addition reaction, it being possible for comonomer C to be vinylaromatic, in this case identical or different to comonomer A or non-vinylaromatic.","label":"Automobile","id":1151} +{"sentence":"Bisphenol-A plant yield enhancementAn improved process is provided for producing bisphenol-A (BPA) comprising steps of (1) contacting benzene and a C3 alkylating agent to produce an alkylation effluent comprising cumene; (2) oxidizing the cumene to produce the corresponding hydroperoxide; (3) cleaving the hydroperoxide to produce product comprising phenol and acetone; (4) reacting acetone with phenol to form a reaction product stream comprising crude bisphenol-A product; (5) distilling the reaction product stream, while sending downstream to a BPA-phenol adduct crystallization and purification step, the resulting concentrated BPA phenolic feed stream; (6) producing BPA-phenol adduct crystals by crystallization of the concentrated BPA phenolic feed stream; (7) separating the BPA-phenol adduct crystals by solid-liquid separationr; (8) cracking a stream comprising at least a portion of said final mother liquor to recover a product; and (9) recovering and feeding the phenol product of step (8) to step (4) and\/or step (7).1. A process for producing bisphenol-A comprising the steps of: (a) reacting acetone with a stoichiometric excess of phenol under acidic conditions to form a reaction product stream comprising crude bisphenol-A product, unreacted phenol, possibly unreacted acetone, water of condensation, and other reaction byproducts; (b) distilling the reaction product stream from step (a) to distill off an unreacted phenol stream, possibly an unreacted acetone stream, and the water of condensation, and sending a concentrated BPA phenolic feed stream consisting essentially of phenol, bisphenol-A and byproducts downstream to BPA-phenol adduct crystallization and purification steps; (c) cooling and crystallizing BPA-phenol adduct crystals from the concentrated BPA phenolic feed stream by vaporization of an alkane hydrocarbon or mixture of hydrocarbons containing from 4 to 6 carbons; (d) separating BPA-phenol adduct crystals by solid-liquid separation and washing same in one or multiple stages with a phenol wash stream comprising at least a portion of the unreacted phenol stream recovered from step (b), or spent phenol wash or mother liquor streams from subsequent crystallization, solid-liquid separation, and wash steps, to produce final washed BPA-phenol adduct, final spent wash and final mother liquor; (e) cracking a stream comprising at least a portion of said final mother liquor of step (d) in a reactor with a basic catalyst under reaction conditions including a temperature from about 200 to about 350° C., a pressure from about 1.33 to 101.3 kPa-a, a residence time from about 5 to about 600 minutes and a catalyst concentration from about 5 to about 1500 wppm, to recover from about 60 to about 90 wt. % of said portion of said final mother liquor cracked stream as phenol having a purity level of from about 95 to about 100 wt. %, and from about 10 to about 40 wt. % of said cracked stream as heavy residue byproduct; and (f) recovering and feeding the phenol product of step (e) to step (a) and\/or step (d).","label":"Process","id":1152} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic synthetic material and a process for its productionThe instant invention is directed to a thermoplastic synthetic material, comprising: (A) 75 to 97% by weight of a thermoplastic polyurethane and (B) 25 to 3% by weight of a polymer of olefinically unsaturated monomers, wherein component (B) is a graft product of (a) 5 to 35% by weight, based on the graft product, of one or more graft monomers on (b) 65 to 95% by weight, based on the graft product, of an elastomer component serving as graft base which has a second order transition temperature of below -30° C., the entire component (B) containing less than 50% by weight of the monomers styrene, α-methyl styrene and acrylonitrile. The instant invention is also directed to a process for the production of the thermoplastic synthetic materials.1. A thermoplastic synthetic material, comprising: (A) 75 to 97% by weight of a thermoplastic polyurethane and (B) 25 to 3% by weight of a polymer of olefinically unsaturated monomers, wherein component (B) is a graft product of (a) 12.5 to 25% by weight, based on the graft product, of one or more graft monomers on (b) 75 to 87.5by weight, based on the graft product, of an elastomer component serving as graft base which has a second order transition temperature of below -50 C., the entire component (B) containing less than 30% by weight of the monomers styrene, α-methyl styrene and acrylonitrile.","label":"IndustConst","id":1153} +{"sentence":"Modified conjugated diene rubber, method for producing same, and rubber compositionBy a method comprising a process including (a) producing a modified conjugated diene polymer through reaction of a conjugated diene polymer having an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal active terminal with a first alkoxysilane compound which has both an alkoxysilyl group and at least one group convertible into an onium, and (b) mixing the modified conjugated diene polymer, an agent for producing onium, a second alkoxysilane compound having an alkoxysilyl group and at least one group convertible into an onium and a condensation catalyst containing metal element(s) for alkoxysilane compounds, conjugated diene rubber usable as a starting material of cross-linked rubber which is used for a tire tread or the like and allows enhancement of low fuel consumption property can be obtained.1. A method of producing a modified conjugated diene rubber, the method comprising: mixing i) a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising a group convertible into an onium and an alkoxysilyl group, ii) an agent that produces onium, iii) a second alkoxysilane compound comprising an alkoxysilyl group and a group which is convertible into an onium with the agent per molecule, and iv) a condensation catalyst comprising a metal element for alkoxysilane compounds, to obtain a mixture.","label":"Automobile","id":1154} +{"sentence":"Process for the hydrocracking of hydrocarbon cuts using a catalyst based on heteropolyanions trapped in a mesostructured oxide supportA process for the hydrocracking a hydrocarbon-containing feedstock in which at least 50% by weight of the compounds have an initial boiling point above 340° C. and a final boiling point below 540° C., using a catalyst having, in its oxide form, at least one metal selected from the metals of groups VIB, VIII and VB, said metals being present in the form of at least one polyoxometallate of formula (HhXxMmOy)q−, said polyoxometallates being present within a mesostructured matrix based on oxide of at least one element Y, said matrix having a pore size between 1.5 and 50 nm and having amorphous walls of thickness between 1 and 30 nm, said catalyst being sulphurized before used in said process.1. A process for hydrocracking at least one hydrocarbon-containing feedstock, in which at least 50% by weight of the compounds boil between 340° C. and 540° C., by a catalyst comprising, in its oxide form, at least one metal selected from the group consisting of the metals of group VIB, the metals of group VIII and the metals of group VB of the periodic table, alone or in a mixture, said metals being present in the form of at least one polyoxometallate of formula (HhXxMmOy)q− in which X is an element selected from the group consisting of phosphorus (P), silicon (Si), boron (B), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), said element being alone, M is one or more element(s) selected from the group consisting of vanadium (V), niobium (Nb), tantalum (Ta), molybdenum (Mo), tungsten (W), nickel (Ni) and cobalt (Co), O is oxygen, H is hydrogen, h is an integer between 0 and 12, x is an integer between 0 and 4, m is an integer equal to 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 or 18, y is an integer between 17 and 72 and q is an integer between 1 and 20, said polyoxometallates being present within a mesostructured matrix based on oxide of at least one element Y selected from the group consisting of silicon, aluminium, titanium, zirconium, gallium, and cerium and a mixture of at least one of these elements, said matrix having a pore size between 1.5 and 50 nm and having amorphous walls of thickness between 1 and 30 nm, said polyoxometallates present within said matrix are trapped in the walls of said matrix, said catalyst having been sulphurized.","label":"Catalyst","id":1155} +{"sentence":"Catalyst systems and methods of making and using sameA catalyst composition comprising (a) a first metallocene complex represented by the general formula: where M1is Ti, Zr or Hf, X1and X2are each independently F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, benzyl, phenyl, H, BH4, a hydrocarbyloxide group having up to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylamino group having up to 20 carbon atoms, a trihydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 20 carbon atoms, OBR′2 wherein R′ may be an alkyl group having up to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms, and SO3R″ wherein R″ may be an alkyl group having up to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms, and Cp1and Cp2are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl group, where any substituent on Cp1and Cp2is H, a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, (b) a second metallocene complex, (c) a non-group 4 metallocene transition-metal complex, (d) an activator or activator-support, and (e) an optional cocatalyst.1. A catalyst composition comprising: (a) a first metallocene complex represented by the general formula: where M1is Ti, Zr or Hf; X1and X2are each independently F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, benzyl, phenyl, H, BH4, a hydrocarbyloxide group having up to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylamino group having up to 20 carbon atoms, a trihydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 20 carbon atoms, OBR′2 wherein R′ is an alkyl group having up to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms, and SO3R″ wherein R″ is an alkyl group having up to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms; and Cp1and Cp2are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl group, or a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl group, where any substituent on Cp1and Cp2is H, a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; (b) a second metallocene complex, wherein the second metallocene is represented by the general formula: where M2is Ti, Zr or Hf; X3and X4are independently F, Cl, Br, I, methyl, phenyl, benzyl, H, BH4, a hydrocarbyloxide group having up to 20 carbon atoms, a hydrocarbylamino group having up to 20 carbon atoms, a trihydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 20 carbon atoms, OBR′2 wherein R′ is an alkyl group having up to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms, or SO3R″ wherein R″ is an alkyl group having up to 12 carbon atoms or an aryl group having up to 12 carbon atoms; R1and R2are independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; Cp3is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentidienyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted fluorenyl group, where any substituent on Cp3is H, a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; and E represents a bridging group which may comprise (i) a cyclic or heterocyclic moiety having up to 18 carbon atoms, (ii) a group represented by the general formula EAR3AR4A, wherein EAis C or Si, and R3Aand R4Aare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, (iii) a group represented by the general formula —CR3BR4B—CR3CR4C—, wherein R3B, R4B, R3C, and R4Care independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms, (iv) a group represented by the general formula —SiR3DR4D—SiR3ER4E—, wherein R3D, R4D, R3E, and R4Eare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms and wherein at least one of R3A, R3B, R4A, R4B, R3C, R4C, R3D, R4D, R3E, R4E, or the substituent on Cp3is (1) a terminal alkenyl group having up to 12 carbon atoms or (2) a dinuclear compound; (c) a transition metal complex (i) represented by general formula II: M(NR2)yClz  Formula II where y+z=valence of the metal, R is a hydrocarbon group having up to 12 carbon atoms and M is titanium, vanadium, zirconium, hafnium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, or a lanthanides complex or (ii) represented by one of the following structures: (d) an activator-support comprising a chemically-treated inorganic solid oxide wherein the chemically-treated inorganic solid oxide comprises bromided alumina, chlorided alumina, fluorided alumina, sulfated alumina, bromided silica-alumina, chlorided silica-alumina, fluorided silica-alumina, sulfated silica-alumina, bromided silica-zirconia, chlorided silica-zirconia, fluorided silica-zirconia, sulfated silica-zirconia, a pillared clay, an aluminophosphate, or any combination of thereof; and (e) an optional cocatalyst, and wherein there is an absence of aluminoxanes.","label":"HouseConst","id":1156} +{"sentence":"Method of operating a dehydrogenation reactor systemDescribed is a method for operating and shutting down a dehydrogenation reactor that contains a volume of dehydrogenation catalyst. After termination of the introduction of a dehydrogenation feed into the dehydrogenation reactor that is operated under dehydrogenation reaction conditions, a first cooling fluid comprising steam is introduced into the reactor for a first time period sufficient to cool the dehydrogenation catalyst contained in the dehydrogenation reactor to a second temperature. The introduction of the first cooling fluid is terminated followed by the introduction of a second cooling fluid for a second time period sufficient to cool the dehydrogenation catalyst contained in the dehydrogenation reactor to a third temperature that allows for the handling and removal of the dehydrogenation catalyst from the dehydrogenation reactor.1. A method, comprising: contacting a dehydrogenation feed with a dehydrogenation catalyst under dehydrogenation reaction conditions thereby providing said dehydrogenation catalyst that is at a first temperature; terminating the contacting of said dehydrogenation feed with said dehydrogenation catalyst; contacting said dehydrogenation catalyst with a carbon dioxide-containing cooling gas, comprising carbon dioxide, for a time period sufficient to reduce the temperature of said dehydrogenation catalyst to provide a cooled dehydrogenation catalyst having a temperature that is lower than said first temperature; and terminating the contacting of said dehydrogenation catalyst with said carbon dioxide-containing cooling gas.","label":"Process","id":1157} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition for tireThe present technology provides a rubber composition for a tire which improves the low rolling resistance, dry performance, wet performance, and workability so as to surpass conventional levels. In the rubber composition for a tire according to the present technology, silica is blended into the composition in an amount of 90 to 150 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of a diene rubber containing at least 25 mass % of a modified conjugated diene polymer rubber having a siloxane structure in at least some of the terminal-modifying groups. A silane coupling agent is blended into the composition in an amount of 3 to 20 mass % relative to the amount of silica, and an alkyltriethoxysilane having an alkyl group with 7 to 20 carbons is blended in an amount of 0.1 to 20 mass % relative to the amount of silica.1. A rubber composition for a tire, the rubber composition comprising: silica being blended in an amount of 90 to 150 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of a diene rubber containing at least 25 wt. % of a modified conjugated diene polymer rubber (a) having a siloxane structure in at least some terminal-modifying groups, and from 40 to 75 wt. % of a terminal-modified conjugated diene polymer rubber (b) being a terminal-modified conjugated diene polymer rubber other than the modified conjugated diene polymer rubber (a) and having a functional group with reactivity to silanol groups; a silane coupling agent being blended in an amount of 3 to 20 wt. % relative to the amount of silica; and an alkyltriethoxysilane having an alkyl group with 7 to 20 carbons, and being blended in an amount of 0.1 to 20 wt. % relative to the amount of silica; the modified conjugated diene polymer rubber (a) having a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 600,000 to 1,000,000; and the terminal-modified conjugated diene polymer rubber (b) having an aromatic vinyl unit content of 25 to 40 wt. %, a vinyl unit content of 36 to 65 wt. %, a glass transition temperature of −40 to −22° C., a weight average molecular weight (Mw) of 900,000 to 1,400,000, and a ratio (Mw\/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) and a number average molecular weight (Mn) of at least 2.3.","label":"Automobile","id":1158} +{"sentence":"Method for reducing foaming in a vinyl chloride polymerization reactorFoaming above the aqueous polymerization mixture can be efficiently reduced in suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer in an aqueous medium contained in a polymerization reactor equipped with a reflux condenser for removal of the heat of polymerization by admixing the polymerization mixture with additives comprising (a) from 0.002 to 0.007 part by weight of a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification in the range from 20 to 50% by moles and an average degree of polymerization in the range from 200 to 400 and (b) from 0.001 to 0.01 part by weight of a silicone-based defoaming agent, each amount being per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride monomer or the monomer mixture mainly composed of vinyl chloride, at a moment, preferably, before the reflux condenser is brought into operation. By this improvement, the resultant polyvinyl chloride resin product may have a greatly improved bulk density and particle size distribution without causing polymer scale deposition on the reactor walls.1. In a method for the polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer or a monomer mixture composed mainly of vinyl chloride in an aqueous polymerization medium contained in a polymerization reactor equipped with a reflux condenser for the removal of the heat of polymerization, the improvement which comprises admixing the aqueous polymerization mixture with additives comprising (a) from 0.002 to 0.007 part by weight of a partially saponified polyvinyl alcohol having a degree of saponification in the range from 20 to 50% by moles and an average degree of polymerization in the range from 200 to 400 and (b) from 0.001 to 0.01 part by weight of a defoaming agent comprising an aqueous emulsion of a silicone fluid containing from 0.05 to 0.4 part by weight of a finely divided silica powder per 100 parts by weight of the silicone fluid, each amount being per 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride monomer or the monomer mixture mainly composed of vinyl chloride, at a moment when the cumulative amount of the heat of polymerization removed through the reflux condenser does not exceed 10% of the overall heat of polymerization which should be evolved when the whole amount of the vinyl chloride monomer of the monomer mixture mainly composed of vinyl chloride has been polymerized.","label":"HouseConst","id":1159} +{"sentence":"Heat insulating structure using aerogelAn object of the present invention is to propose heat insulating structure which is excellent in thermal insulating properties and higher in strength. The heat insulating structure includes: an aerogel layer including aerogel particles, adhesive, and fibers; and a retainer which is provided to at least one face of the aerogel layer and includes fiber materials and binder resin. Each of the fibers is part of one of the fiber materials included in the retainer.1. Heat insulating structure comprising: an aerogel layer including aerogel particles, adhesive, and fibers; a retainer which is provided to at least one face of the aerogel layer and includes fiber materials and binder resin, and a fillet part situated at a boundary between the aerogel layer and the retainer, wherein: parts of some of the fiber materials project from the retainer into the aerogel layer, and wherein each of the fibers of the aerogel layer is part of one of the fiber materials included in the retainer, the parts of the fiber materials projecting from the retainer into the aerogel layer include a fiber material including a looped middle portion which is in the aerogel layer and a fiber material including an unlooped end which is in the aerogel layer, a projection length that the looped middle portion projects into the aerogel layer is from 5 to 50% of the thickness of the aerogel layer, the retainer is larger than the aerogel layer in a plan view, a periphery of the retainer extends horizontally beyond a periphery of the aerogel layer, the fillet part covers a periphery of the boundary between the aerogel layer and the retainer, a rising angle that is defined as a tilt angle of the fillet part measured from a surface of the retainer is equal to or less than 90 degrees, and a rising angle that is defined as a tilt angle of the fillet part measured from a surface of the aerogel layer is equal to or less than 90 degrees.","label":"IndustConst","id":1160} +{"sentence":"Solvent management methods for gel productionEmbodiments of the present invention describe a method for continuous manufacture of a gel material comprising the steps of: forming a gel sheet by dispensing a gel precursor mixture onto a moving element at a rate effective to allow gelation to occur to the gel precursor mixture on the moving element; and cooling the formed gel thereby reducing the rate of solvent evaporation therefrom.1. A method for continuous manufacture of a gel material comprising: (a) forming a fiber-reinforced gel sheet with thickness of at least about 0.5 mm by dispensing a fibrous structure and a gel precursor solution comprising a solvent onto a moving element at a first temperature and at a predetermined rate effective to allow gelation to occur at the first temperature to the gel precursor solution on the moving element; and (b) cooling the formed gel sheet on the moving element at a second temperature with a cooling system not in physical contact with the sheet, wherein the second temperature is cooler than the first temperature.","label":"IndustConst","id":1161} +{"sentence":"Process and equipment for separating 1,2,4 trimethylbenzene (pseudocumene) from a mixture containing aromatic hydrocarbonsA method and an apparatus ( 7 ′) for separating 1,2,4-Trimethylbenzene by fractional distillation of a mixture ( 31 ) that contains C9 or C9+ aromatic hydrocarbons, and possibly hydrocarbons with less nine nine carbon atoms. In an aspect of the invention, a first distillation step and a second distillation step are carried out in respective distillation chambers ( 75, 75 ′) defined by a cylindrical vertical container 501 and by an inner partition wall ( 85 ) of the container.1. An apparatus for separating and recovering Pseudocumene from a raw mixture containing aromatic hydrocarbons with nine carbon atoms, said apparatus comprising: a first chamber and a second chamber, said first chamber adapted to receive said raw mixture; a first feed means for feeding said first chamber with said raw mixture; a first top extraction means for extracting a first overhead vapour fraction from said first chamber; a first bottom extraction means for extracting a first bottom fraction from said first chamber; a second feed means for feeding said second chamber with a stream selected between a portion of said first overhead vapour fraction and a portion of said first bottom fraction; a second top extraction means for extracting a second overhead vapour fraction from said second chamber; a second bottom extraction means for extracting a second bottom fraction from said second chamber; a maintenance means for maintaining said first chamber and said second chamber within predetermined working temperature ranges and at predetermined respective operating pressures; wherein said maintenance means is adapted to maintain working temperature range and\/or operating pressures such that: said Pseudocumene is present substantially in only one fraction selected between said first overhead fraction and said first bottom fraction, and a substantially pure Pseudocumene is contained only in one fraction selected between said second overhead fraction and said second bottom fraction, according to whether said Pseudocumene-containing fraction that is extracted from said first longitudinal chamber is said first bottom fraction or said first overhead fraction, respectively, wherein said apparatus comprises an elongated container that is adapted to be arranged vertically, an inner longitudinal partition wall arranged within said elongated container, said inner longitudinal partition wall defining said first chamber and said second chamber within said elongated container, a differential expansion compensation means arranged between said elongated container and said inner partition wall for compensating differential expansion due to a temperature difference between said first chamber and said second chamber, wherein said partition wall is internally fixed to a shell of said vertical elongated container at a short edge portion extension of said partition wall, and wherein other edge portions of said partition wall are arranged to have a relative freedom of movement with respect to said shell, and to allow an expansion of said partition wall with respect to said shell.","label":"Process","id":1162} +{"sentence":"Impact modified (meth) acrylic polymersA multistage core-shell particle consisting of a core, a first shell and optionally a second shell, substantially free from vinylically unsaturated compounds having at least two equally reactive double bonds, wherein: (i) the core contains a first (meth)acrylic polymer, (ii) the first shell contains a low Tg polymer comprising 0 to 25% by weight of a styrenic monomer and 75 to 100% by weight of a (meth)acrylic monomer, the (meth)acrylic monomer capable of forming a homopolymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) in the range from -75 to -5 C, and which first shell represents more than 65% by volume of the combined volume of the core and first shell; (iii) the second shell, when present, contains a second (meth)acrylic polymer which may be the same or different from the first (meth)acrylic polymer, and (iv) the core and first shell together contain from 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of a graft-crosslinker. A composition and a polysiloxane-free moulded article containing residues obtainable from such core-shell particles. A method of forming a moulding article having improved impact resistance using an impact modifier formed from such core-shell particles.1. A multistage core-shell particle substantially free from vinylically unsaturated compounds having at least two equally reactive double bonds consisting of a core and a first shell, wherein (i) the core contains a first (meth)acrylic polymer; (ii) the first shell contains a low Tg polymer comprising 0 to 25% by weight of a styrenic monomer and 75 to 100% by weight of an (meth)acrylic monomer, the (meth)acrylic monomer capable of forming a homopolymer having a glass transition temperature (Tg) in the range from -75 to -5° C., and which first shell represents more than 65% by volume of the combined volume of the core and first shell; (iii) the core and first shell together contain from 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of a graft-crosslinker.","label":"IndustConst","id":1163} +{"sentence":"THERMOPLASTIC OLEFIN COMPOSITION WITH IMPROVED HEAT DISTORTION TEMPERATURECompositions having good impact performance can be made from a thermoplastic (e.g., a polyolefin such as polypropylene or HDPE) and an ethylene multi-block copolymer. The compositions are easily molded and often have particular utility in making, for example, automotive facia, parts and other household articles.1 . A thermoplastic composition comprising: (A) a first polymer; (B) an impact-modifying amount of an ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer: (a) has a Mw\/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship: Tm>−2002.9+4538.5(d)−2422.2(d)2; or (b) has a Mw\/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, and is characterized by a heat of fusion, ΔH in J\/g, and a delta quantity, ΔT, in degrees Celsius defined as the temperature difference between the tallest DSC peak and the tallest CRYSTAF peak, wherein the numerical values of ΔT and ΔH have the following relationships: ΔT>−0.1299(ΔH)−62.81 for ΔH greater than zero and up to 130 J\/g, ΔT≧48° C. for ΔH greater than 130 J\/g, wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer, and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.; or (c) is characterized by an elastic recovery Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, and has a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Re and d satisfy the following relationship when ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is substantially free of a cross-linked phase: Re>1481−1629(d); or (d) has a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a molar comonomer content of at least 5 percent higher than that of a comparable random ethylene interpolymer fraction eluting between the same temperatures, wherein said comparable random ethylene interpolymer has the same comonomer(s) and has a melt index, density, and molar comonomer content (based on the whole polymer) within 10 percent of that of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer; or (e) has at least one molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a block index of at least 0.5 and up to about 1; or (f) has an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.3; or (g) has a storage modulus at 25° C., G′(25° C.), and a storage modulus at 100° C., G′(100° C.), wherein the ratio of G′(25° C.) to G′(100° C.) is in the range of about 1:1 to about 9:1; and (C) a filler, wherein at least a portion of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer (B) forms one or more lamellar crystals at the interface between the filler and the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer (B).","label":"Construct","id":1164} +{"sentence":"Secured Aerogel Composites and Methods of Manufacture ThereofEmbodiments of the present invention describe secured fiber-reinforced aerogels and laminate structures formed therefrom. In one embodiment a laminate comprises at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer adjacent to at least one layer of fiber-containing material wherein fibers from said at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of said at least one fiber-containing material. In another embodiment a laminate comprises at least two adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layers wherein fibers from at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of an adjacent fiber-reinforced aerogel layer.1 . A laminate comprising at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer adjacent to at least one layer of fiber-containing material wherein fibers from said at least one fiber-reinforced aerogel layer are interlaced with fibers of said at least one fiber-containing material.","label":"IndustConst","id":1165} +{"sentence":"Dividing wall column for continuous fractionation of multicomponent mixtures by distillationA dividing wall column for separating a mixture into 3 or more fractions by distillation is described, where at least one dividing wall is detachably attached within the dividing wall column.1. A dividing wall column for separating a mixture into 3 or more fractions by distillation, wherein A) a plurality of dividing walls are detachably attached within the dividing wall column, B) the dividing wall column contains arranged packings in which the dividing walls are each attached to one side of the packing as from 0.1 to 3.0 mm thick sheets, and C) the sheets extend at the top or bottom end from 1 to 10 mm beyond the packing, and, at the bottom end of each sheet, have a from 10 to 20 mm wide and from 0.1 to 2 mm thick sheet strip which is joined only at its top edge to the dividing wall in such a way that when packing layers are stacked one above the other, a roof-shaped, at least partially sealing overlapping is formed which prevents liquid from crossing over from one side to the other side of the dividing wall and is also sealed sufficiently tightly against the crossing over of vapors.","label":"Process","id":1166} +{"sentence":"Catalytic formulation and its preparationA hetergeneous catalyst includes a solid support having deposited thereon a catalyticaly active material, which is substantially insoluble in organic and aqueous liquid media. The insoluble material is constructed from secondary building blocks derived from suitable organometallic active components, and the organometallic active component may be molecularly modified so as to introduce two or more anionic functional groups. These molecularly modified organometallic components, upon interaction with salts of Ca2+, Sr2+ and Ba2+, provde the practically insoluble solid material. Methods of formuatling the organometallic active materials on a solid support as a solid catalyst are also provided. The catalysts are capable of catalyzing diverse reactions in polar and nonpolar reaction media, and the overall integrity of the formulation as a solid material in a liquid phase provides easy catalyst and product separation.1. A catalytic composition comprising a solid support having deposited thereon a solid catalytically active material that is substantially insoluble in organic and aqueous liquid media, the solid catalytically active material consisting of at least one catalytic active anionic entity together with group 2 metal ions.","label":"Catalyst","id":1167} +{"sentence":"Tin-containing organolithium compounds and preparation thereofThe present invention relates to a tin-containing organolithium compound which can be used as anionic polymerization initiators, represented by the following formula (1): R 4−x Sn(Y a —Z m —Y b —Li) x   (1) Wherein R, Z and Y are defined as in the specification; x represents a value of 1 or 2; m represents a value of 0 or 1; a represents a value of 0 to 6, b represents a value of 0 to 6, a+b is from 0 to 6, provided that m=1 when x=1. The tin-containing organolithium compounds according to the present invention can be used as initiators to initiate the polymerization of conjugated dienes and\/or monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbons, thereby synthesizing various linear, star or telechelic polymers. The present invention also relates to a method for preparing the tin-containing organolithium compounds according to the present invention.1. A tin-containing organolithium compound used as anionic polymerization initiators, characterized in that said compound is represented by the following formula (1): R 4−x Sn(Y a —Z m —Y b —Li) x   (1) wherein R represents C 1 —C 20 -alkyl, C 3 -C 20 -cycloalkyl or C 6 -C 20 -aryl or substituted aryl; Z represents α, ω-butylene or α, ω-pentylene; Y represents a group derived from conjugated diene homopolymers, monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon homopolymers or conjugated diene\/monovinyl aromatic hydrocarbon copolymers; x represents a value of 1 or 2; m represents a value of 0 or 1; a represents a value of 0 to 6, b represents a value of 0 to 6, and a+b is from 0 to 6, provided that m=1 when x=1.","label":"Automobile","id":1168} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization processA slurry process for polymerizing ethylene is disclosed. The process comprises polymerizing ethylene in the presence of an α-olefin and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported bridged indeno[1,2-b]indolyl zirconium complex. The process produces polyethylene characterized by good incorporation of the α-olefin and moderate long-chain branching. The process is capable of forming high molecular weight polyethylene and has good catalyst activity.1. A slurry process which comprises polymerizing ethylene at a temperature within the range of about 40° C. to about 90° C. in the presence of a C3-C10 α-olefin and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported complex to produce polyethylene with good incorporation of the α-olefin and moderate long-chain branching as indicated by a viscosity enhancement factor between 2.0 and 4.0; wherein the process provides polyethylene having weight-average molecular weight greater than 250,000; wherein the catalyst has an activity ratio as defined herein greater than 2; and wherein the complex has a structure selected from the group consisting of: wherein R1 is selected from the group consisting of methyl, benzyl, and p-chlorophenyl; R2 is selected from the group consisting of methyl and hydrogen; each R3 is methyl or both taken together are tetramethylene and each L is independently selected from the group consisting of halide, alkoxy, aryloxy, siloxy, alkylamino, and C1-C30 hydrocarbyl.","label":"HouseConst","id":1169} +{"sentence":"Process for producing (meth)acrylic acidClogging of a distillation column by polymerization caused by a change of the production rate of (meth)acrylic acid, is prevented to carry out a stabilized operation over a long period. A process for producing (meth)acrylic acid, which includes a purification step wherein a (meth)acrylic acid-containing material to be purified is supplied to and distilled by a distillation column, wherein during a cut operation in which the production rate of (meth)acrylic acid is reduced by α% relative to the production rate of (meth)acrylic acid during the ordinary operation, the liquid\/gas flow rate in the distillation column is adjusted to be at least (100−α\/2)% of the liquid\/gas flow rate during the ordinary operation.1. A process for producing (meth)acrylic acid, which comprises purifying a (meth)acrylic acid-containing material to be purified, wherein said purifying comprises distilling said (meth)acrylic acid containing material in a distillation column, wherein during a cut operation in which a production rate of (meth)acrylic acid is reduced by α% relative to a production rate of (meth)acrylic acid prior to said cut operation, a liquid\/gas flow rate in the distillation column is adjusted to be at least (100−α\/2)% of the liquid gas flow rate prior to said cut operation, wherein a fluctuation margin of a heat load on a reboiler of the distillation column prior to said cut operation is a fluctuation margin such that proportions XB and XA of the differences between an average value R5 of a heat load during optional 5 minutes and an average value RB of a heat load during one hour before the 5 minutes and between R5 and an average value RA of a heat load for one hour after the 5 minutes, as calculated by the following formulae, are at most 10%: XB=(|RB−R5|\/RB)×100 XA=(|RA−R5|\/RA)×100.","label":"Process","id":1170} +{"sentence":"Films produced from substantially linear homogeneous olefin polymer compositionsThe subject invention provides a film having at least one layer comprising an interpolymer of ethylene and at least on comonomer selected from the group consisting of C3-C20 α-olefins, dienes, and cycloalkenes, wherein the interpolymer is characterized as having a high degree of processability, good optical performance, and good mechanical properties. The subject invention further provides film fabrication processes and polymer compositions which are useful in preparing the subject films.1. A film having at least one layer comprising a homogeneous interpolymer of ethylene and at least one comonomer selected from the group consisting of C3-C20 α-olefins, dienes, and cycloalkenes, wherein the interpolymer is characterized as having: a. a density of from 0.910 to 0.930 g\/cm3, b. a melt index (I2) of less than 2.5 g\/10 minutes, c. an I10\/I2 of at least 10, d. a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of from 2.1 to 5; and the film having a haze of less than about 12% at a thickness of about 2.8 to 3.2 mils.","label":"Construct","id":1171} +{"sentence":"Alkylaromatic process with removal of aromatic byproducts using efficient distillationA process for the production of alkylaromatic hydrocarbons by alkylating aromatic hydrocarbons with olefinic hydrocarbons is disclosed. The olefinic hydrocarbons are produced by dehydrogenating paraffinic hydrocarbons. Aromatic byproducts formed in dehydrogenation are removed using an aromatic byproducts removal zone and either a dividing wall distillation column or thermally coupled distillation columns. The process significantly decreases the cost of utilities in producing alkylaromatics, such as precursors for detergent manufacture.1. A process for producing a product aromatic compound, the process comprising: a) dehydrogenating a feed stream comprising a C 6 -C 22 paraffin in a dehydrogenation zone and recovering therefrom a dehydrogenated product stream comprising a monoolefin and aromatic byproducts; b) selectively removing at least a portion of the aromatics byproducts from the dehydrogenated product stream by at least intermittently passing at least a portion of the dehydrogenated product stream to an on-stream aromatic byproducts removal zone containing sorbent at conditions effective to selectively sorb the aromatic byproducts on the sorbent and to produce a sorption effluent stream comprising the monoolefin; c) passing at least a portion of the sorption effluent stream to a selective alkylation zone and selectively alkylating a feed aromatic compound by reacting the feed aromatic compound and the monoolefin in the selective alkylation zone to form a product aromatic compound; d) recovering from the selective alkylation zone an alkylated product stream comprising the product aromatic compound; e) at least intermittently passing a purge stream comprising a purge component to an off-stream purge aromatic byproducts removal zone containing sorbent, wherein the sorbent in the off-stream purge aromatic byproducts removal zone is contained in a sorbent bed having a void volume and wherein the void volume contains the C 6 -C 22 paraffin or the monoolefin, to displace the C 6 -C 22 paraffin or the monoolefin from the void volume of the sorbent bed in the off-stream purge aromatic byproducts removal zone, and producing a purging effluent stream comprising the purge component and at least one of the C 6 -C 22 paraffin and the monoolefin; f) at least intermittently passing a desorbent stream comprising a desorption component to an off-stream desorption aromatic byproducts removal zone containing sorbent, wherein the sorbent in the off-stream desorption aromatic byproducts removal zone contains sorbed aromatic byproducts, to desorb aromatic byproducts from the sorbent in the off-stream desorption aromatic byproducts removal zone, and producing a desorption effluent stream comprising the desorption component and the aromatic byproducts; g) at least intermittently passing at least a portion of the desorption effluent stream to a prefractionator distillation column; h) separating the compounds entering the prefractionator distillation column at distillation conditions to provide a prefractionator overhead stream comprising the desorption component and a prefractionator bottom stream comprising the aromatic byproducts; i) at least intermittently passing at least a portion of the prefractionator overhead stream to a main distillation column, and at least intermittently passing at least a portion of the prefractionator bottom stream to the main distillation column, wherein the prefractionator distillation column and the main distillation column are at least partially thermally coupled; j) at least intermittently passing at least a portion of the purging effluent stream to the main distillation column; k) separating the compounds entering the main distillation column to provide a main overhead stream comprising the purge component, a first main sidedraw stream comprising the desorption component, a second main sidedraw stream comprising the desorption component, and a main bottom stream comprising the aromatic byproducts; l) at least intermittently passing at least a portion of the second main sidedraw stream to the prefractionator distillation column; and m) periodically shifting the functions of the on-stream aromatic by-products removal zone, the off-stream purge aromatic byproducts removal zone, and the off-stream desorption aromatic byproducts removal zone by operating the on-stream aromatic byproducts removal zone to function as the off-stream purge aromatic byproducts removal zone, operating the off-stream purge aromatic byproducts removal zone to function as the off-stream desorption aromatic byproducts removal zone, and operating the off-stream desorption aromatic byproducts removal zone to function as the on-stream aromatic byproducts removal zone.","label":"Process","id":1172} +{"sentence":"CENTRIFUGAL REFRIGERANT VAPOUR COMPRESSORSA refrigerant compressor ( 10 ) for use in a chiller-heater system that can provide chilled water at less than 10° C. and hot water at more than 80° C. without the need for additional heat input, the compressor ( 10 ) being configured to provide a compression ratio of at least 18:1 and a temperature lift across the compressor of at least 80K, and the refrigerant fluid being selected to give the desired temperature lift without the pressure at the compressor outlet exceeding 25 bar.1 . A refrigerant compressor for use in a chiller-heater system that can provide chilled water at less than 10° C. and hot water at more than 80° C. without the need for additional heat input, the compressor being configured to provide a compression ratio of at least 18:1 and a temperature lift across the compressor of at least 80K, and the refrigerant fluid being selected to give the desired temperature lift without the pressure at the compressor outlet exceeding 25 bar.","label":"Process","id":1173} +{"sentence":"Films and method of production thereofA method of producing a film coated onto a substrate by dissolving a metal or metalloid containing compound having hydrolysable groups in a solvent to form a precursor solution. The precursor solution is coated onto the substrate as a continuous liquid phase. The precursor solution is then cured to produce a continuous, interconnected, nano-porous network.1. A method of forming a film coated on a substrate including the steps of: producing a precursor solution by dissolving a film precursor compound in an organic solvent, the film precursor compound comprising at least two hydrolysable groups bonded to a metal or metalloid; coating a substrate with the precursor solution, the film precursor compound therein remaining substantially unhydrolysed; and curing the precursor solution onto the substrate in a gaseous non-neutral pH environment comprising vaporous base, water and an organic solvent to thereby initiate hydrolysis and condensation reactions of the film precursor compound and cause adhesion of the forming film to the substrate, wherein at least one of organic solvent content of the precursor solution and the organic solvent content in the gaseous environment are controlled to control characteristics of the film.","label":"IndustConst","id":1174} +{"sentence":"Olefin oligomerization catalysts and methods of using sameA metal complex comprising a metal compound complexed to a heteroatomic ligand, the metal complex having Structure X: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4are each independently an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a substituted cycloalkyl group, an aromatic group, or a substituted aromatic group, R1c, R2c, R3c, R4c, and R5care each independently hydrogen or an alkyl group, and MXp comprises a group IVB, VB, or VIB metal. A metal complex comprising a metal compound complexed to a diphosphino aminyl ligand comprising at least two diphosphino aminyl moieties and a linking group linking each aminyl nitrogen atom of the diphosphino aminyl moieties.1. An oligomerization process comprising: a) contacting an olefin, hydrogen and a catalyst system comprising a metal compound, a ligand comprising a diphosphino aminyl moiety, and a cocatalyst; and b) forming an olefin oligomer product, wherein the ligand comprising the diphosphino aminyl moiety is represented by the general structure: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4may each independently be an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a substituted cycloalkyl group, an aromatic group, or a substituted aromatic group and wherein the substituents on the substituted cycloalkyl group and\/or substituted aromatic group comprise an alkyl group.","label":"Catalyst","id":1175} +{"sentence":"Live poly(n-vinyl lactam) reactive stabilizers for dispersed phase polymerizationThe present invention concerns a method for preparing a polymer comprising a step (EI) for dispersed phase polymerization in the presence of a reactive stabiliser, wherein the following are brought into contact in an aqueous phase:—at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer; —at least one source of free radicals; and—a reactive stabiliser comprising a polymer chain including monomer units (N-vinyl lactam) and a thiocarbonylthio-S group (C═S)—.1. A process for preparing a polymer, comprising a step (E1) of dispersed-phase polymerization in the presence of a reactive stabilizer, wherein the following are placed in contact in an aqueous phase: at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer; a redox initiator comprising tert-butyl hydroperoxide as oxidizing agent, combined with a reducing agent selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid and sodium sulfite; and a reactive stabilizer comprising a polymer chain including N-(vinyllactam) monomer units and a thiocarbonylthio group —S(C═S)—; wherein step (E1) is performed in the absence of surfactants.","label":"HouseConst","id":1176} +{"sentence":"Process and apparatus for manufacturing a styrene polymer in a mechanically stirred reactorProcess and apparatus for the (co) polymerization of styrene. The process is carried out by employing a liquid polymerization reaction mixture that includes styrene, in a mechanically stirred reactor in the form of a vessel comprising a side wall having the shape of a cylinder of revolution with a vertical axis (A), a bottom head and a top head that are joined to the side wall. The vessel is provided with a mechanical stirring device comprising (i) a central shaft of vertical axis coincident with the axis (A), connected to a drive system comprising a motor for rotating the central shaft, (ii) at least one baffle attached to the vessel. The baffle is away from the side wall of the vessel and takes the form of a cylinder of vertical axis and of rhomboidal cross section.1. Process for the (co)polymerization of styrene, carried out by employing a liquid polymerization reaction mixture that includes styrene, in a mechanically stirred reactor in the form of a vessel comprising a side wall having the shape of a cylinder of revolution with a vertical axis (A), a bottom head and a top head that are joined to the side wall, the vessel being provided with a mechanical stirring device comprising (i) a central shaft of vertical axis coincident with the axis (A), connected to a drive system comprising a motor for rotating the central shaft, (ii) at least one stirring member attached to the central shaft and (iii) at least one baffle attached to the vessel, wherein the baffle is away from the side wall of the vessel and takes the form of a cylinder of vertical axis and of cross section chosen from one of the three following shapes: a first shape comprising a rhombus possessing a long diagonal and a short diagonal, which have respective lengths (D) and (d) such that the ratio (D\/d) is chosen within a range from 0.1\/1 to 0.9\/1, the short diagonal being directed along a radial direction with respect to the axis (A) or along a direction making an angle (α) of greater than 0 and less than or equal to 45° to the said radial direction; a second shape comprising a rhombus identical to that of the first shape, except that each of the two acute angles located at the ends of the long diagonal is replaced with an identical or different circular arc, having a centre located on the long diagonal, a radius of length (r) such that the ratio (2r\/d) is chosen within a range from 0.1\/1 to 0.8\/1, and two ends contiguous with the two respective sides of the acute angle; and a third shape comprising a rhombus identical to that of the second shape, except that only the acute angle located at the end of the long diagonal and facing in the opposite direction to the rotation of the central shaft is replaced with the circular arc.","label":"HouseConst","id":1177} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbing agent and method for producing the sameA method includes the steps of: adding an organic surface cross-linking agent to a water absorbent resin having a cross-linked structure; adding a liquid permeability improving agent to the water absorbent resin concurrently with or after the addition of the organic surface cross-linking agent; and then adding a lubrication improving agent to the water absorbent resin. This provides a particulate water absorbing agent and a method for producing it, the particulate water absorbing agent being suitable for pneumatic transportation, suffering no decrease in the effect of the liquid permeability improving agent, and excelling in properties such as fluidity and damage resistance after the pneumatic transportation.1. A method for producing a particulate water absorbing agent including (i) a water absorbent resin having been subjected to a surface cross-linking treatment with use of an organic surface cross-linking agent and (ii) a liquid permeability improving agent, the method comprising the steps of: (a) providing a water absorbent resin by cross-linking and polymerizing an unsaturated monomer containing an acid group and\/or its salt; (b) after the step (a), forming a surface cross-linked layer on the water absorbent resin by adding an organic surface cross-linking agent to the water absorbent resin having a cross-linked structure; (c) forming a liquid permeability improving agent layer on the water absorbent resin by adding a liquid permeability improving agent to the water absorbent resin concurrently with or after the step of adding the organic surface cross-linking agent; (d) forming a lubrication improving agent layer on the water absorbent resin by adding a lubrication improving agent to the water absorbent resin concurrently with or after the step of adding the liquid permeability improving agent; and (e) pneumatically transporting a particulate water absorbing agent with use of a low-density pneumatic transportation device or a high-density pneumatic transportation device, the particulate water absorbing agent being obtained by carrying out the steps (b), (c) and (d).","label":"Household","id":1178} +{"sentence":"Catalyst And Method For Producing Unsaturated Aldehyde And Unsaturated Carboxylic AcidProvided is a catalyst which can prevent a lowering in selectivity for a target product in a gas phase catalytic reaction and has an excellent frictional resistance. A catalyst which is a supported catalyst comprising an inert support that is coated with a catalyst powder, characterized in that the inert support is ring-shaped and has an outer periphery that is curved in the lengthwise direction of the support, and the catalyst is produced by granulation in a moisten environment. The above described catalyst is useful in the gas phase oxidation of propylene, isobutylene, tertiary-butyl alcohol or methyl tertiary-butyl ether to thereby produce an unsaturated aldehyde corresponding thereto, or in the gas phase oxidation of such an unsaturated aldehyde as described above to thereby produce an unsaturated carboxylic acid.1 . A catalyst for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated carboxylic acid by correspondingly subjecting propylene, isobutylene, tertiary-butyl alcohol or methyl tertiary-butyl ether to gas phase catalytic oxidation, the catalyst being a supported catalyst having an inert support coated with a catalyst powder, wherein the inert support is ring-shaped and has an outer periphery that is curved in the lengthwise direction of the support.","label":"Catalyst","id":1179} +{"sentence":"Polyvinyl chloride compositionsA polyvinyl chloride composition having polyvinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer ester selected from di-butyl terephthalate, di-isobutyl terephthalate, or mixtures thereof.1. A plastisol composition comprising a liquid phase comprising plasticizers, and a PVC resin dispersed in the liquid phase, wherein the plasticizers in the plastisol composition consist essentially of: a) di-butyl terephthalate, di-isobutyl terephthalate or a mixture thereof; and b) one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of dioctyl phthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate, diisooctyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, di-linear nonyl phthalate, linear nonyl, linear undecyl phthalate, diundecyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, mixtures of phthalates having straight-chains in the range of C6-C10, C7 linear phthalate, C9 linear phthalate, C11 linear phthalate, ditridecyl phthalate, undecyl dodecyl phthalate, di-(2-propylheptyl)phthalate, nonyl undecyl phthalate, 1,3-pentanediol, 2,2,4-trimethyl-, 3-(benzyl phthalate) isobutyrate, polyester phthalate, diallyl phthalate, n-butylphthalyl-n-butyl glycosate, dicapryl phthalate, butyl cyclohexyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, butyl octyl phthalate, dioctyl terephthalate, di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate, dioctyl adipate, di-2-ethylhexyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, diisooctyl adipate, diisodecyl adipate, ditridecyl adipate, dibutoxyethyl adipate, dibutoxyethoxy adipate, n-octyl, n-decyl adipate, polyester adipate, poly glycol adipates, trioctyl trimellitate, tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate, triisooctyl trimellitate, triisononyl trimellitate, triisodecyl trimellitate, tri-n-hexyl trimellitate, dioctyl azelate, di-2-ethylhexyl glutarate, di-2-ethylhexyl sebecate, dibutyl sebacate, dibutoxyethyl sebecate, triethyl citrate, acetyl triethyl citrate, tri-n-butyl citrate, acetyltri-n-butyl citrate, acetyltri-n-hexyl citrate, n-butyl tri-n-hexyl citrate, isononyl benzoate, isodecyl benzoate, 1,4 cyclohexane dimethanol dibenzoate, 2,2,4 trimethyl-1,3 pentane diol dibenzoate, 2,2,-dimethyl-1,3 propanediol dibenzoate, C10-C21 alkane phenol esters, alkyl sulphonic phenol esters, reaction products of fully hardened castor oil, pentaerythritol tetrabenzoate, glycerol tribenzoate, polypropylene glycol dibenzoate, or triarylphosphates with acetic acid, polymers that are formed by the polymerization of glycols with one or more of adipic acid, phthalic acid, and sebecic acid (and that are optionally acid terminated), butyl benzyl phthalate, alkyl benzyl phthalates, phthalates having a butyl group and a C7-C9 group, diethylene glycol dibenzoate, di propylene glycol dibenzoate, 2-ethylhexyl benzoate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3 pentanediol monoisobutyrate monobenzoate, ethylene glycol dibenzoate, propylene glycol dibenzoate, triethylene glycol dibenzoate, di-heptyl phthalate, dihexyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, diisobutyl phthalate, 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol diisobutyrate or combinations of two or more of the foregoing; and wherein the di-butyl terephthalate, di-isobutyl terephthalate or mixture thereof constitute at least about 10 weight percent of the total plasticizer present in the composition.","label":"HouseConst","id":1180} +{"sentence":"N-[.omega.-(methyl),.omega.-(silyl)] alkyl-N-organocarboxamides, oligomeric and polycondensed Si-containing compounds thereof, processes for their preparation, and their useN-[ω-(methyl),ω-(silyl)]alkyl-N-organocarboxamides, oligomeric and polycondensed Si-containing compounds thereof, or mixtures of the corresponding monomeric, oligomeric and polycondensed Si-containing compounds. These materials are useful as, for example, adhesion promoters and for coating surfaces.1. An N-[ω-(methyl),ω-(silyl)]alkyl-N-organocarboxamide represented by formula I: wherein Z1is Z2 or Z1and Z1together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded form a ring represented by the formula: wherein D is a HN, O, S, SO or SO2group, i and j are each, independently, an integer from 0 to 7, and the size of the ring is ≤9 members, R1,R2,R3,R4and R5are each, independently, a hydrogen atom, a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, m is an integer from 0 to 16, and n is an integer from 0 to 3, with the proviso that (1) noncyclic compounds represented by formula I where m is 1 and (2) N-1-(triethoxysilyl)ethyl-2-pyrrolidone are excluded.","label":"Automobile","id":1181} +{"sentence":"Water absorbing resin particles, method for manufacturing water absorbing resin particles, absorption body, absorptive article, and water-sealing materialDisclosed is a water-absorbent resin particle in which the water-absorption rate of physiological saline is 1 second to 15 seconds, the median particle size is 100 μm to 600 μm, and the residual volatile component content is 1.5% by weight or less.1. A water-absorbent resin particle, wherein a water-absorption rate of physiological saline is 1 second to 15 seconds, a median particle size is 100 μm to 600 μm, a residual volatile component content is 1.5% by weight or less, and the water-absorption rate is measured by the amount of time from addition of 2.0±0.002 g of the water-absorbent resin particles into 50.0±0.1 g of vortexed physiological saline at a rotating speed of 600 rpm until the vortex on the liquid surface converged.","label":"Household","id":1182} +{"sentence":"Impact Resistant LLDPE Composition and Films Made ThereofA novel PE material is devised showing excellent mechanical\/optical properties and process ability, e.g. for film extrusion. The polyethylene of the invention is produced in one single e.g. gas phase reactor.1 . A polyethylene comprising at least one C3-C20-olefine-comonomer polymerized to ethylene, wherein the polyethylene has a dart drop impact value, as measured by ASTM D 1709:2005 Method A on 25 μm blown films, of at least 1200 g, has a haze of <20% and has been polymerized in a gas phase reactor.","label":"HouseConst","id":1183} +{"sentence":"Method for producing catalyst for use in production of unsaturated aldehyde and\/or unsaturated carboxylic acid, and method for producing unsaturated aldehyde and\/or unsaturated carboxylic acidA catalyst for use in the production of an unsaturated aldehyde and\/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid, the catalyst comparing (or, preferably, being composed of) a mixed oxide containing molybdenum, bismuth and iron, which has improved methanical strength, is produced by a method including the steps of (1) drying an aqueous solution or an aqueous slurry containing raw materials of the catalyst and then firstly calcining a dried product in a molecular oxygen-containing gas atmosphere to obtain a calcined product; (2) heating the calcined product obtained in Step (1) in the presence of a reducing material to obtain a reduced product having a mass loss of 0.05 to 6%; and (3) secondly calcining the reduced product obtained in Step (2) in a molecular oxygen-containing gas atmosphere.1. A method for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and\/or an unsaturated carboxylic acid, comprising the steps of: (1) drying an aqueous solution or an aqueous slurry containing raw materials of a catalyst and then calcining a dried product in a molecular oxygen-containing gas atmosphere to obtain a calcined product; (2) heating the calcined product obtained in Step (1) in the presence of a reducing material to obtain a reduced product having a mass loss, represented by the following equation (I), of 0.05 to 6%: Mass loss (%)=[(Wa-Wb)\/Wa]×100  (I) in which Wa is a weight of a calcined product before the reduction treatment, and Wb is a weight of a reduced product after the reduction treatment; and (3) calcining the reduced product obtained in Step (2) in a molecular oxygen-containing gas atmosphere to obtain a catalyst comprising a mixed oxide comprising molybdenum, bismuth and iron, and (4) performing a gas phase catalytic oxidation of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of propylene, isobutylene and tertbutyl alcohol with molecular oxygen in the presence of the catalyst produced in step (3).","label":"Catalyst","id":1184} +{"sentence":"Compositions containing low density ethylene-based polymers with high melt strength and films formed from the sameThe invention provides a composition comprising the following: A) a first ethylene-based polymer, formed by a high pressure, free-radical polymerization process, and comprising the following properties: a) a Mw(abs) versus I2 relationship: Mw(abs)1, and R2is the same or different when n>1, provided that: (a) if two or more of R1and R2are aromatic with a ring atom of the aromatic ring structure bound to either X1of X2, not more than two of said aromatic R1and R2have a substituent as a non-ring atom bound to a ring atom of the aromatic ring structure adjacent to the ring atom bound to X1or X2; and (b) none of R1and R2are aromatic with a ring atom of the aromatic ring structure bound to either X1and X2and with a polar substituent as a non-ring atom bound to a ring atom of the aromatic ring structure adjacent to the ring atom bound to X1or X2; and wherein the further oligomerisation catalyst is a catalyst comprising the combination of iii) a source of transition metal; and iv) a ligating compound of the formula (R1)n′A-B—C(R″)m′ wherein: A and C are independently selected from the group consisting of N, P, As, Sb, Bi, O, S and Se; B is a linking group between A and C; m′ and n′ are independently 0, 1 or larger integer; R′ and R″ are independently hydrogen, a hydrocarbyl group or a heterohydrocarbyl group; and R′ is the same or different when n′>1, and R″ is the same or different when m′>1and wherein the oligomeric product of the process contains from 9.5 wt % to 52.8 wt % of the tetramer olefin.","label":"Catalyst","id":1231} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing acetylene alcohols and their secondary productsA process for preparing at least one unsaturated alcohol (B) comprises the steps (I) to (III) below: (I) reaction of at least one alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide with at least one alcohol (A) in at least one organic solvent (L) to give a mixture (G-I) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an alkoxide (AL); (II) reaction of at least one carbonyl compound of the formula R—CO—R′ with at least one alkyne of the formula R″—C≡C—H and the mixture (G-I) obtained in step (I) to give a mixture (G-II) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an unsaturated alcohol (B); (III) distillation of the mixture (G-II) obtained in step (II) to give the alcohol or alcohols (B) and a mixture (G-III) comprising the solvent (L) and the alcohol (A), wherein the solvent (L) obtained in step (III) and the alcohol (A) obtained in step (III) are recycled as a mixture to step (I).1. A process for preparing at least one unsaturated alcohol (B), which comprises the steps (I) to (III) below: (I) reaction of at least one alkali metal hydroxide or alkaline earth metal hydroxide with at least one alcohol (A) in at least one organic solvent (L) to give a mixture (G-I) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an alkoxide (AL); (II) reaction of at least one carbonyl compound of the formula R—CO—R′ with at least one alkyne of the formula R″—C≡C—H and the mixture (g-I) obtained in step (I) to give a mixture (G-II) comprising at least the alcohol (A), the solvent (L) and an unsaturated alcohol (B); (III) distillation of the mixture (G-II) obtained in step (II) to give the alcohol or alcohols (B) and a mixture (G-III) comprising the solvent (L) and the alcohol (A), wherein the solvent (L) obtained in step (III) and the alcohol (A) obtained in step (III) are recycled as a mixture to step (I), wherein steps (I) to (II) are carried out continuously.","label":"Process","id":1232} +{"sentence":"Production process for water-absorbent resinThis invention relates to a water-absorbent resin of a new, novel type obtained from polymerization of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer and a process for producing this resin. The water-absorbent resin in this invention has average particle diameter in a specially defined range and a narrow range of particle distribution, being superior in water-absorption capacity, and also, being superior in handling properties in a point of that, when being mixed with liquid, formation of a fish-eye is absent. The water-absorbent resin shows an angle-lacking, non-sphere shape and, in a case of shape like this, is superior in handling properties in a point that being hard in falling off from an basis material. Although the production process is performed to get a water-absorbent resin by carrying out polymerization in a reverse-phase suspension polymerization method, since the aqueous monomer solution is chosen from a specially defined viscosity range and dispersed and suspended by using a specially defined dispersing agent, a water-absorbent resin is easily obtainable wherein, not only the average particle diameter is controlled by adjusting the viscosity of an aqueous monomer solution, but also the particle diameter distribution is narrow. The water-absorbent resin obtained shows that a water-soluble component is small, so that it is very good for sanitary reasons. In this method, it is possible to vary the particle shape by changing up and down the viscosity of an aqueous monomer solution in an above-described specially defined range. The water-absorbent resin in this invention, because of having the above-described properties, is preferably used for sanitary materials and the like.1. A process for producing water-absorbent resins wherein an aqueous solution of water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a viscosity of 15 cps or more, determined by a Brookfield rotational viscometer (25° C., 0.6 rpm), with using a sucrose fatty acid ester and\/or a polyglycerol fatty acid ester as a dispersing agent, being dispersed and suspended in a inert hydrophobic organic solvent and polymerized by an initiator for radical polymerization.","label":"Household","id":1233} +{"sentence":"COATINGS FOR BARRIER FILMS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAMEA barrier film including a substrate, a base (co)polymer layer applied on a major surface of the substrate, an oxide layer applied on the base (co)polymer layer, and a protective (co)polymer layer applied on the oxide layer. The protective (co)polymer layer is formed as the reaction product of a first (meth)acryloyl compound and a (meth)acryl-silane compound derived from a Michael reaction between a second (meth)acryloyl compound and an aminosilane. The first and second (meth)acryloyl compounds may be the same. In some embodiments, a multiplicity of alternating layers of the oxide layer and the protective (co)polymer layer may be used. An oxide layer can be applied over the top protective (co)polymer layer. The barrier films provide, in some embodiments, enhanced resistance to moisture and improved peel strength adhesion of the protective (co)polymer layer(s) to the underlying layers. A process of making, and methods of using the barrier film are also described.1 . A barrier film, comprising: a substrate; a base (co)polymer layer on a major surface of the substrate; an oxide layer on the base (co)polymer layer; and a protective (co)polymer layer on the oxide layer, wherein the protective (co)polymer layer comprises a (co)polymer formed as a reaction product of: a first (meth)acryloyl compound, and a (meth)acryl-silane compound derived from a Michael reaction between a second (meth)acryloyl compound and an aminosilane, optionally wherein the first (meth)acryloyl compound is the same as the second (meth)acryloyl compound.","label":"Automobile","id":1234} +{"sentence":"Process for manufacturing acrolein\/acrylic acidThe present invention relates to the selective elimination of propanal in acrolein-rich streams to produce acrolein and\/or acrylic acid and\/or acrylonitrile and\/or methylmercaptopropionaldehyde containing low amount of propanal and\/or propionic acid and\/or propionitrile. One subject of the present invention is a process for manufacturing acrolein comprising a step of selective elimination of propanal in an acrolein-rich stream in contact with a catalyst comprising at least molybdenum. Another subject of the present invention is a process for manufacturing acrylic acid from glycerol including a step of selective elimination of propanal in an acrolein-rich stream in contact with a catalyst comprising at least molybdenum.1. A process for the purification of acrolein by selective removal of propanal from an acrolein-rich stream, said process comprising the step of passing said stream in gas phase in the presence of oxygen through a molybdenum-containing catalyst comprising at least molybdenum and at least one element selected from the group consisting of P, Si, W, Ti, Zr, V, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, In, Tl, Sn, Ag, As, Ge, B, Bi, La, Ba, Sb, Te, Ce, and Pb, wherein the concentration of acrolein ranges from 1 to 12 mole % in the gas stream passed through the catalyst and, whereby said propanal is more converted than acrolein on the catalyst, said propanal is not converted to propionic acid in an amount higher than 50%, and, after purification, the amount of propanal in said acrolein-rich stream is lower than 5000 ppm.","label":"Catalyst","id":1235} +{"sentence":"Dividing wall column for fractionation of a multicomponent mixtureA dividing wall column is described which includes the following segments: a) an upper column region ( 1 ), b) an enrichment section ( 2 ) of the feed section, c) a stripping section ( 4 ) of the feed section, d) an upper part ( 3 ) of the offtake section, e) a lower part ( 5 ) of the offtake section, f) an intermediate region ( 9 ) of the feed section, g) an intermediate region ( 10 ) of the offtake section and h) a lower column region ( 6 ). The dividing wall column has a dividing wall ( 7 ) is located vertically between the segments b) ( 2 ) and d) ( 3 ) and between the segments c) ( 4 ) and e) ( 5 ). The segments b) ( 2 ), d) ( 3 ), c) ( 4 ) and e) ( 5 ) have separation-active internals, Segment b ( 2 ) has a cross-sectional area Ab which is at least 10% smaller than the cross-sectional area Ad of segment d) ( 3 ), and segment c) has a cross-sectional area Ac which is at least 10% greater than the cross-sectional area Ae of segment e) ( 5 ).1. A dividing wall column having a middle region which is divided into a feed section and an offtake section by a dividing wall and having the following segments a) to h): a) an upper column region, b) an enrichment section of the feed section which enrichment section has a cross-sectional area Ab, c) a stripping section of the feed section which stripping section has a cross-sectional area Ac, d) an upper part of the offtake section which upper part has a cross-sectional area Ad, e) a lower part of the offtake section which lower part has a cross-sectional area Ae, f) an intermediate region of the feed section, g) an intermediate region of the offtake section and h) a lower column region, wherein the dividing wall is located vertically between the segments b) and d) and between the segments c) and e), the segments b), d), c) and e) have separation-active internals, the cross-sectional area Ab of the segment b) is at least 10% smaller than the cross-sectional area Ad of segment d), and the cross-sectional area Ab, of the segment c) is at least 10% greater than the cross-sectional area Ae of segment e).","label":"Process","id":1236} +{"sentence":"Method for producing modified conjugated diene-based polymer, modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and modified conjugated diene-based polymer compositionThere are provided a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a good balance between the hysteresis loss properties and the wet skid resistance, practically sufficient abrasion resistance and fracture strength, and high processability when formed into a vulcanized product, and a modified conjugated diene-based polymer composition. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound using an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator to obtain a conjugated diene-based polymer having a reactive end, and a modifying step of reacting a compound having a specific structure with the reactive end of the conjugated diene-based polymer.1. A method of producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing a conjugated diene compound or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound using an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator to obtain a conjugated diene-based polymer having a reactive end, and a modifying step of reacting a modifier with the reactive end of the conjugated diene-based polymer, the modifier being a compound represented by formula (1): wherein R1to R4each independently represent an alkyl group or aryl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R5and R6each independently represent an alkylene group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R7and R8each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and form a ring structure of a 5 or more membered ring with two adjacent N; and m and n each independently represent an integer of 2 or 3.","label":"Automobile","id":1237} +{"sentence":"Preparation of trimethylolpropaneThe present invention relates to a process for preparing trimethylolpropane having a low APHA color number.1. Process for preparing trimethylolpropane having a low APHA colour number, comprising: a) reacting n-butyraldehyde and\/or 2,2-dimethylolbutyraldehyde with formaldehyde in the presence of an inorganic base to give trimethylolpropane-containing reaction mixtures, b) removing water and inorganic salts at least partially from the trimethylolpropane-containing reaction mixture obtained in a) to recover crude trimethylolpropane and c) separating the crude trimethylolpropane obtained from b) by distillation into one or more low boiler fractions, one or more predominantly trimethylolpropane-containing medium boiler fractions and one or more high boiler fractions whereby, during the distillation, one or more low boiler fractions and one or more predominantly trimethylolpropane-containing medium boiler fractions are simultaneously withdrawn.","label":"Process","id":1238} +{"sentence":"Production processes for basic water-absorbent resin and water-absorbing agent, and use thereofThe present invention provides: a production process for a basic water-absorbent resin to be a main component of a water-absorbing agent which exhibits an excellent water absorption capacity under a load with high productivity; a production process for a water-absorbing agent; and use thereof. The production process for an irregular shape basic water-absorbent resin comprises the step of reacting a basic resin and a crosslinking agent in order to obtain the basic water-absorbent resin, with the process forwarding a crosslinking reaction and pulverizing the resultant product at the same time. The first production process for a water-absorbing agent comprises the step of blending an acidic water-absorbent resin with the basic water-absorbent resin obtained by the above-mentioned process. The second production process for a water-absorbing agent comprises the step of obtaining a mixture of an acidic water-absorbent resin and the basic water-absorbent resin by coexisting with the acidic water-absorbent resin when carrying out the crosslinking reaction and the pulverization in the above-mentioned process.1 . A production process for an irregular shape basic water-absorbent resin, comprising the step of reacting a basic resin and a crosslinking agent in order to obtain the basic water-absorbent resin, with the process forwarding a crosslinking reaction and pulverizing the resultant product at the same time.","label":"Household","id":1239} +{"sentence":"Metallocene catalyst compositions, processes for making polyolefin resins using such catalyst compositions, and products produced therebyA catalyst composition for the polymerization of one or more 1-olefins (e.g., ethylene) comprises a transition metal catalyst precursor and a cocatalyst, the transition metal catalyst precursor comprising a contact product of an unsubstituted metallocene compound and an aluminum alkyl compound in a hydrocarbon solvent solution. In another embodiment, the transition metal catalyst precursor is bimetallic and contains a non-metallocene transition metal catalyst component. When a bimetallic catalyst precursor is used, the resin product exhibits improved properties, and has a bimodal molecular weight distribution, long chain branching (LCB), and good bubble stability.1. A catalyst composition comprising a bimetallic transition metal catalyst precursor and a cocatalyst, wherein the bimetallic transition metal catalyst precursor comprises the contact product of: (a) a non-metallocene transitional metal component on a support, and (b) the contact product of an unsubstituted metallocene compound and a trialkylaluminum compound in a solution of at least one of a hydrocarbon solvent and said trialkylaluminum compound, wherein component (b) is effectively supported on component (a), and wherein the cocatalyst comprises an alumoxane.","label":"HouseConst","id":1240} +{"sentence":"Method for forming silicon oxide and metal nanopattern's, and magnetic recording medium for information storage using the sameThe present invention relates to a method for forming a silicon oxide nanopattern, in which the method can be used to easily form a nanodot or nanohole-type nanopattern, and a metal nanopattern formed by using the same can be properly applied to a next-generation magnetic recording medium for storage information, etc., a method for forming a metal nanopattern, and a magnetic recording medium for information storage using the same. The method for forming a silicon oxide nanopattern includes the steps of forming a block copolymer thin film including specific hard segments and soft segments containing a (meth)acrylate-based repeating unit on silicon oxide of a substrate; conducting orientation of the thin film; selectively removing the soft segments from the block copolymer thin film; and conducting reactive ion etching of silicon oxide using the block copolymer thin film from which the soft segments are removed, as a mask to form a silicon oxide nanodot or nanohole pattern.1. A method for forming a silicon oxide nanopattern, comprising the steps of: forming a block copolymer thin film including hard segments containing a repeating unit of Chemical Formula 1 and soft segments containing a (meth)acrylate-based repeating unit of Chemical Formula 2 on silicon oxide of a substrate; selectively removing the soft segments from the block copolymer thin film; and conducting reactive ion etching of silicon oxide using the block copolymer thin film from which the soft segments are removed, as a mask to form a silicon oxide nanodot or nanohole pattern, wherein in the block copolymer thin film, the soft segments are self-arranged in cylindrical forms on the hard segments: in Chemical Formula 1, n is an integer of 5 to 600, R is hydrogen or methyl, R′ is X,  X is —Z—R″, Y is alkylene having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, Z is arylene having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, R″ is linear or branched hydrocarbon having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, or linear or branched perfluorohydrocarbon having 10 to 20 carbon atoms, and in Chemical Formula 2, m is an integer of 30 to 1000, R1 is hydrogen or methyl, and R2 is alkyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.","label":"IndustConst","id":1241} +{"sentence":"Catalyst For Preparing Acrolein And Acrylic Acid By Dehydration Of Glycerin, And Its Production ProcessAn object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst for glycerin dehydration reaction for producing unsaturated aldehyde and unsaturated carboxylic acid at higher yield by a dehydration reaction of glycerin, and that can reduce a decrease in time of the conversion ratio of glycerin and the yields of unsaturated aldehyde and of unsaturated carboxylic acid. Another object of the present invention is to provide a catalyst for glycerin dehydration reaction that can produce acrolein and acrylic acid at higher yield by the dehydration reaction of glycerin, and the catalyst has a longer life. Still another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing the catalysts above. A catalyst for glycerin dehydration comprising a carrier, wherein the carrier includes at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, and Nb2O5, wherein the carrier includes a bimodal porous structure in which the volume ratio between a pore volume of mesopores having a pore size of more than 2 nm to less than 50 nm to a pore volume of macropores having a pore size of 50 nm or more is equal to or more than 0.5, and wherein the carrier configures to support a W-containing metal oxide thereon or a metal oxide containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of P, Si, Mo, and V, in addition to the W-containing metal oxide thereon, and to cause a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction with glycerin to produce acrolein and acrylic acid.1 . A catalyst for glycerin dehydration comprising a carrier, wherein the carrier includes at least one metal oxide selected from the group consisting TiO2, SiO2, Al2O3, ZrO2, and Nb2O5, wherein the carrier includes a bimodal porous structure in which the volume ratio between a pore volume of mesopores having a pore size of more than 2 nm to less than 50 nm to a pore volume of macropores having a pore size of 50 nm or more is equal to or more than 0.5, and wherein the carrier configures to support a W-containing metal oxide thereon and to cause a catalytic dehydrogenation reaction with glycerin to produce acrolein and acrylic acid.","label":"Catalyst","id":1242} +{"sentence":"Process for producing phenolIn a process for producing phenol, cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide is cleaved to produce a cleavage effluent stream comprising phenol and cyclohexanone and at least a portion of the cleavage effluent stream is fractionated to produce a first fraction richer in cyclohexanone than the cleavage effluent stream portion and a second fraction richer in phenol and depleted in cyclohexanone as compared with said cleavage effluent stream portion. At least a portion of the second fraction is then contacted with a dehydrogenation catalyst in a dehydrogenation reaction zone under dehydrogenation conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the cyclohexanone in said second fraction portion into phenol and cyclohexanol.1. A process for producing phenol, the process comprising: (a) cleaving cyclohexylbenzene hydroperoxide to produce a cleavage effluent stream comprising phenol and cyclohexanone in a weight ratio of phenol to cyclohexanone of about 0.7:1 to about 1.5:1; (b) fractionating at least a portion of the cleavage effluent stream to produce (i) a first fraction richer in cyclohexanone than said portion of the cleavage effluent stream, said first fraction comprising no more than 500 wppm phenol, 0.1 wppm to 400 wppm of cyclohexanol, and 0.1 wppm to 100 wppm of at least one of methylcyclopentanone, cyclohexenol, cyclohexanedione, and hydroxycyclohexanone, said wppm amounts based on the total weight of the first fraction; and (ii) a second fraction richer in phenol and depleted in cyclohexanone than said portion of the cleavage effluent stream, such that the weight ratio of phenol to cyclohexanone in said second fraction is about 2.0:1 to about 2.5:1; (b-1) recovering the first fraction as a cyclohexanone product; and (c) contacting at least a portion of the second fraction with a dehydrogenation catalyst in a dehydrogenation reaction zone under dehydrogenation conditions effective to convert at least a portion of the cyclohexanone in said portion of the second fraction into phenol and cyclohexanol.","label":"Process","id":1243} +{"sentence":"Method of manufacturing water-absorbent resin, water-absorbent resin, water-absorbing agent and absorbent articleWith respect to water-absorbent resins, there are provided a method of manufacturing a water-absorbent resin having an appropriate BET specific surface and a water-absorption rate and a water-absorbing agent and an absorbent article that are formed by using the water-absorbent resin. In a first aspect of the present invention, when reverse phase suspension polymerization of two steps or more is performed on a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in a hydrocarbon dispersion medium in the presence of at least an azo compound, a peroxide and an internal-crosslinking agent, the used amount of the internal-crosslinking agent at the time of the polymerization of a first step is adjusted to fall within a range of 0.015 to 0.150 mmol per mole of the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer used at the time of the polymerization of the first step and he polymerization is performed such that, the BET specific surface area of secondary particles formed by agglomeration of primary particles obtained is controlled.1. A water-absorbent resin that is obtained by polymerizing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in presence of an internal-crosslinking agent, wherein a monomer of 70 to 100 mol % in the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is acrylic acid or salt thereof, a water-absorption rate of physiological saline in the water-absorbent resin is 40 to 80 seconds, a mass proportion of particles from 150 to 850 μm in diameter in the entire water-absorbent resin is 85 mass % or more, and a mass proportion of particles from 300 to 400 μm in diameter is 20 mass % or more and a BET specific surface area of particles classified into 300 to 400 μm is less than 0.03 m2\/g.","label":"Household","id":1244} +{"sentence":"Production of di-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalateDisclosed is a process for the preparation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate by the esterification of terephthalic acid with 2-ethylhexanol at elevated temperature and pressure while the water of reaction is removed from the reaction mixture.1. Process for the preparation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate which comprises contacting terephthalic acid (TPA) with 2-ethylhexanol (EH) in the presence of a titanium catalyst in a reaction zone wherein the total pressure is maintained at about 1 to 4 bar gauge (barg), the temperature is maintained at about 180° C. to 270° C., the EH:TPA mole ratio is maintained at about 2:1 to 2.5:1, and an inert gas is fed below the surface of the TPA\/EH reaction mixture in the reaction zone, in the range of about 2 to 5 volumes of gas per volume of reaction mixture per hour, to cause a mixture of water and EH to be removed from the reaction zone during the preparation of di-(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalate.","label":"HouseConst","id":1245} +{"sentence":"Absorbent structure with superabsorbent materialAn absorbent structure made at least in part from a superabsorbent material having a retention capacity (CRC) as determined by a Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test of at least about 25 g\/g and a free swell gel bed permeability (GBP) as determined by a Free Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test of at least 575×10−9cm2. In another embodiment, the absorbent structure is made at least in part from a superabsorbent material having a retention capacity (CRC) as determined by a Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test of at least about 25 g\/g, an absorbency under load (AUL) at 0.9 psi as determined by an Absorbency Under Load Test of at least 18 and a free swell gel bed permeability (GBP) as determined by a Free Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test of at least about 350×10−9cm2.1 . An absorbent structure comprising at least in part a superabsorbent material having a retention capacity (CRC) as determined by a Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test of at least about 25 g\/g and a free swell gel bed permeability (GBP) as determined by a Free Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test of at least 575×10−9cm2.","label":"Household","id":1246} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymer processThe present invention relates to a continuous process for the production of a superabsorbent polymer comprising providing an acidic liquid aqueous monomer mixture containing dissolved oxygen; continuously feeding the aqueous monomer mixture to a reactor; introducing a source of carbonate or hydrogen carbonate into the aqueous monomer mixture prior to entry into the reactor thereby forming a gas phase comprising carbon dioxide and at least a part of the dissolved oxygen, the gas phase being dispersed in the liquid phase; subjecting the gas\/liquid mixture to at least partial phase separation immediately prior to or after entry into the reactor and at least partially removing the separated gaseous phase; subjecting the liquid phase in the reactor to free-radical polymerization to obtain the superabsorbent polymer, and continuously removing the superabsorbent polymer from the reactor.1. A continuous process for the production of a superabsorbent polymer comprising: (a) providing an acidic liquid aqueous monomer mixture containing dissolved oxygen, whereby the monomers are selected to provide after polymerization a superabsorbent polymer whereby the aqueous monomer mixture comprises at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid and at least one monomer bearing at least two ethylenically unsaturated groups and whereby the at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid is at least partially neutralized, (b) continuously feeding said aqueous monomer mixture to a reactor, (c) introducing a source of carbonate or hydrogen carbonate into said aqueous monomer mixture prior to entry into the reactor thereby forming a gas phase comprising carbon dioxide and at least a part of said dissolved oxygen, said gas phase being dispersed in said aqueous monomer mixture whereby the source of carbonate or hydrogen carbonate is introduced in an amount to result in from about 1 to about 15% of the total neutralization of the acidic functionality of the resultant superabsorbent polymer to achieve the respective degree of neutralization of the resultant superabsorbent polymer, (d) subjecting said gas and aqueous monomer mixture to at least partial phase separation creating a second gas phase comprising the resulting product of oxygen and carbonate or hydrogen carbonate and a liquid phase immediately prior to or after entry into the reactor and at least partially removing the separated second gas phase, (e) subjecting the liquid phase in the reactor to free-radical polymerization to obtain the superabsorbent polymer, and (f) continuously removing the superabsorbent polymer from the reactor.","label":"Household","id":1247} +{"sentence":"Absorbent composition having multiple surface treatmentsAn absorbent composition includes absorbent material, such as superabsorbent material, surface-treated with at least two different compatible agents. The superabsorbent material may be coated with multiple surface treatment agents in such a manner that each of the surface treatment agents is exposed on a surface of the superabsorbent material. For example, one surface treatment agent may be in a liquid coating form and another surface treatment agent may be in a powder form, each applied separately to the superabsorbent material.1. An absorbent composition, comprising: a superabsorbent material surface-treated with at least two different agents, wherein the at least two agents are compatible, at least one of the agents comprises a thermoplastic material, each of the at least two agents is exposed on a surface of the superabsorbent material, wherein a first of the at least two agents forms a continuous layer on the superabsorbent material, and wherein at least one of the agents is chosen from polyoxides, polycarboxylic acids, polyamides, polyesters, polyolefins, polystyrenes, polyurethanes, paraffin, wax, latex, and combinations thereof.","label":"Household","id":1248} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing polymers with improved properties, process for the preparation and use thereofThe present invention relates to powdery absorbents for water and aqueous liquids, which are based on water-swellable, but not water-soluble, polymers, are cross-linked, and are built up of partially neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated, acid groups-containing monomers, optional further monomers copolymerizable with these, and optional polymers suitable as a graft basis. These polymers are produced by using a cross-linker combination consisting of [Equation] CH2=CR5--CO--(OCHR3--CHR3)zO--CH2--CR5=CH2 I. [Equation] R1--[O(CHR3--CHR3O)u--CO--R2]xII. with R1: multivalent C2-10-alkyl, R2: linear or branched C2-10-alkenyl, R3: H, CH3,C2H5, R5: H, CH3, x: 2-6, u: 0-15, z: 3-20 and a secondary cross-linker. Superficial secondary cross-linkage achieves a property combination of high retention, high absorption under pressure, low soluble contents, and a rapid liquid absorption. The polymers are used in constructions, such as diapers, for the absorption of body fluids, in current-conducting or light-transmitting cables, and in the cultivation of plants.1. A cross-linked polymer which absorbs aqueous liquids prepared by: (co)polymerizing (i) at least one partially neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated, acid group-containing monomer or (ii) at least one partially neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated, acid-group-containing monomer with a copolymerizable monomer or (iii) graft (co)polymerizing monomer(s) (i) or monomer combination (ii) onto a graft base in the presence of a cross-linking agent combination consisting of: [Equation] 40-90 mol. % of CH2=CR5--CO--(OCHR3--CHR3)zO--CH2--CR5=CH2 (I) and [Equation] 10-60 mol. % of R1--[O(CHR3--CHR3O)u--CO--R2]x (II) wherein R1is a multivalent C2-10-alkyl group, R2is a linear or branched C2-10-alkenyl group, R3is H, CH3or C2H5,R5is H or CH3,x is 2-6, u is 0-15 and z is 3-20, and a surface cross-linking agent.","label":"Household","id":1249} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition, and pneumatic tireProvided are a rubber composition achieving balanced improvement in processability, fuel economy, rubber strength, abrasion resistance, wet-grip performance, and handling stability, and a pneumatic tire including the composition. The rubber composition includes, per 100% by mass of a rubber component, at least 35% by mass of SR, the composition including a conjugated diene polymer and a silica having N2SA of 40-400 m2\/g, the polymer being obtained by polymerizing a monomer component including a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound using a polymerization initiator of formula (I): to produce a copolymer, and reacting a compound containing nitrogen and\/or silicon atoms with an active terminal of the copolymer, wherein the amount of the diene polymer is 1-90% by mass and the amount of polyisoprene-based rubber is 0-40% by mass, each per 100% by mass of the rubber component, and the amount of the silica is 10-150 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.1. A rubber composition, comprising, based on 100% by mass of a rubber component, not less than 35% by mass of styrene-butadiene rubber, the rubber composition comprising a conjugated diene polymer, and a silica having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of 40 to 400 m2\/g, the conjugated diene polymer being obtained by polymerizing a monomer component including a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound in the presence of a polymerization initiator represented by the following formula (I): wherein i represents 0 or 1; R11represents a C7-80 hydrocarbylene group; R12and R13each are a hydrocarbyl group, or R12 and R13 are joined together to form a hydrocarbylene group; and M represents an alkali metal atom, to produce a copolymer, and then reacting a compound containing at least one of a nitrogen atom and a silicon atom with an active terminal of the copolymer, wherein the silicon-containing vinyl compound is a compound represented by the following formula (II): wherein m represents 0; X1, X2and X3each represent a group represented by the following formula (IIa), or a hydrocarbyl group; at least one of X1, X2and X3is a group represented by the following formula (IIa), wherein R22and R23each are an alkyl group, wherein the compound containing at least one of a nitrogen atom and a silicon atom is at least one selected from the group consisting of a compound represented by the following formula (IIIb), a compound represented by the following formula (IIId), a compound represented by the following formula (IV), a tris[(alkoxysilyl)alkyl] isocyanurate compound, and an N,N-dialkyl-substituted carboxylic acid amide dialkyl acetal compound, wherein R32represents a hydrocarbyl group; and R36represents a hydrocarbylene group, or a group in which a hydrocarbylene group and a group represented by —NR35— are bonded, where R35represents a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrogen atom, where in R31and R32each represents a hydrocarbyl group; R37represents a hydrocarbylene group; A represents an oxygen atom or —NR35— wherein R35represents a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrogen atom; and R34represents a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrogen atom, wherein R41represents a hydrocarbyl group; R42and R43each represent a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrocarbyloxy group; R44and R45each represents a hydro carbyl group; and j represents an integer of 1 to 5, wherein an amount of the conjugated diene polymer is 25 to 75% by mass and an amount of a polyisoprene-based rubber is 0 to 40% by mass, each based on 100% by mass of the rubber component, and an amount of the silica is 10 to 150 parts by mass for each 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.","label":"Automobile","id":1250} +{"sentence":"Plastisol composition comprising (a) copolymer of olefin and maleic acid, and (b) polyester plasticizerA plastisol composition containing as the resin component a copolymer of a normal α-olefin and maleic anhydride (1:1 mole ratio) having the structure WHEREIN B is a member of the group consisting of and the hydrolysis product thereof, R is H or CxH2x+1,x is 1 to 16 and n is 2-300, and a plasticizer for said resin component. The plastisol when fluxed can be used as a closure gasket for containers.1. A plastisol composition comprising (a) a copolymer resin of a normal α-olefin and maleic anhydride (1:1 mole ratio) having a particle size in the range from about 0.1 to about 1500 microns and having the structure wherein B is a member of the group consisting of and R is H or CxH2x+1,x is 1 to 16 and n is 2-300, and (b) 65-600 parts\/100 parts copolymer of a polyester plasticizer.","label":"HouseConst","id":1251} +{"sentence":"Catalyst components for the polymerization of olefinsSpherical catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins of formula RCH═CHR, in which R is, independently, hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group with 1-10 carbon atoms, containing a homogeneous transition metal compound of formula MP x , in which M is a transition metal M of Groups 3 to 11 or the lanthanide or actinide Groups of the Periodic Table of the Elements (new IUPAC version); P is a ligand that is coordinated to the metal M and x is the valence of the metal M. The transition metal compound is dispersed in a solid hydrocarbon matrix having a melting point above 70° C.1. A spherical catalyst component for the polymerization of olefins of formula RCH═CHR, in which R is, independently, hydrogen or a hydrocarbon group with 1-10 carbon atoms, comprising a homogeneous transition metal compound of formula MP x , in which M is a transition metal from Groups 3 to 11 or the lanthanide or actinide Groups of the Periodic Table of the Elements (new IUPAC version), P is a ligand that is coordinated to the metal M and x is the valence of the metal M, and the transition metal compound is dispersed within solid paraffinic waxes having a melting point above 70° C.","label":"HouseConst","id":1252} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic compositions and process for making thereofA non-opaque thermoplastic alloy comprising a continuous phase and a discontinuous phase, wherein the discontinuous phase is immiscible with the continuous phase. The non-opaque alloy may be translucent or transparent. The continuous phase is preferably polycarbonate, the discontinuous phase is preferably a transparent ABS.1 . A transparent\/translucent molding composition having improved ductility, chemical resistance and melt flow properties comprising a blend of: a) a resin blend of a polycarbonate resin and a miscible additive having a lower refractive index than the polycarbonate polymer which additive is selected from the group consisting of (i) a cycloaliphatic polyester resin, said cycloaliphatic polyester resin comprising the reaction product of an aliphatic C2-C12 diol or chemical equivalent and a C6-C12 aliphatic diacid or chemical equivalent, said cycloaliphatic polyester resin containing at least about 80% by weight of a cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid, or chemical equivalent, and\/or of a cycloaliphatic diol or chemical equivalent; (ii) a resorcinol bis (diphenylphosphate); (iii) a polycarbonate copolymer; or (iv) mixtures thereof; b) an dispersed phase comprising an impact modifying amorphous resin having a refractive index from about 1.46 to about 1.58 for increasing the low temperature ductility of the resin molding composition; wherein said miscible blend of polycarbonate and miscible additive having an index of refraction which substantially matches (transparency) or almost matches (translucency) the index of refraction of said impact modifier.","label":"IndustConst","id":1253} +{"sentence":"Advanced C2-splitter feed rectifierProcesses to separate a light hydrocarbon stream comprising ethylene, ethane, and C3+ hydrocarbons into an ethylene stream, an ethane stream, and a C3+ hydrocarbon stream, including: feeding the light hydrocarbon stream to a deethanizer; separating the light hydrocarbons in the deethanizer to form a C3+ hydrocarbon bottoms stream and a C2-rich overhead stream comprising ethylene and ethane; separating the C2-rich stream in a C2-rectifier to form a first ethylene stream and an ethane-rich bottoms stream; and separating the ethane-rich bottoms stream in a C2-splitter to form a second ethylene stream and an ethane stream.1. A process to separate one or more light hydrocarbon streams comprising ethylene, ethane, and C3+ hydrocarbons into an ethylene stream, an ethane stream, and a C3+ hydrocarbon stream, comprising: feeding the one or more light hydrocarbon streams to a deethanizer; separating the light hydrocarbons in the deethanizer to form a C3+ hydrocarbon bottoms stream and a C2-rich overhead stream comprising ethylene and ethane; separating the C2-rich overhead stream in a C2-rectifier to form a first ethylene stream and an ethane-rich bottoms stream, wherein the C2-rectifier is operated without reboiling the ethylene introduced to the C2-rectifier; separating the ethane-rich bottoms stream in a C2-splitter to form a second ethylene stream and an ethane stream; and mixing the first ethylene stream and the second ethylene stream to form a combined ethylene stream.","label":"Process","id":1254} +{"sentence":"Soluble late transition metal catalysts for olefin oligomerizations IIIA This invention relates to a composition comprising a catecholate ligand, palladium or nickel, and an ancillary ligand with the following structure: where Pn is a Group-15 element; H is hydrogen; R7and R8are independently hydrogen or C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radicals, or both are C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radicals that form a ring structure comprising one or more aromatic or non-aromatic rings; and R13-R18are, independently, hydrogen or C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radicals. The composition can be used to oligomerize ethylene.1. A composition comprising a catecholate ligand, palladium or nickel, and an ancillary ligand with the following structure: where Pn is a Group-15 element; H is hydrogen; R7and R8are independently hydrogen or C1-C30 unsubstituted hydrocarbyl radicals, C1-C30 halocarbyl radicals, C1-C30 substituted halocarbyl radicals, or both are C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radicals that form a ring structure comprising one or more aromatic or non-aromatic rings; R13-R18are, independently, hydrogen or C1-C30 hydrocarbyl radicals.","label":"Catalyst","id":1255} +{"sentence":"Methods for manufacture of aerogelsEmbodiments of the present invention describe a method for producing gel beads comprising: depositing catalyzed sol droplets comprising a gel precursor into a moving dispensing medium, said medium being immiscible with the sol, and allowing gelation of the sol to occur in the moving dispensing medium thereby producing gel beads. This system utilizes a horizontally flowing dispensing medium where the catalyzed sol droplet is fully formed before deposited therein.1 . A method for producing gel beads comprising: depositing catalyzed sol droplets comprising a gel precursor into a dispensing medium, said dispensing medium being immiscible with the sol, and allowing gelation of the sol to occur in the moving dispensing medium thereby producing gel beads.","label":"IndustConst","id":1256} +{"sentence":"Catalyst and metal ferrites for reduction of hydrogen sulfide emissions from automobile exhaustA catalyst, which is capable of controlling not only HC, CO and NOx,but also H2S emission from the tail pipe of catalytic converter automobiles, is made of platinum-group metals promoted by rare earth oxides and containing a metal ferrite. The ferrite is present in an H2S gettering amount and in an amount up to about 20 weight % of the catalyst. The catalyst comprises an alumina support and is applied as a washcoat to a substrate, such as a honeycomb monolith made from ceramic or metal.1. Automotive exhaust catalyst comprising a support carrying a catalytically effective amount of at least one platinum group metal and an H2S gettering amount of a metal ferrite having the formula MFe2O4,where M is Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn, or Fe.","label":"Catalyst","id":1257} +{"sentence":"Method for cooling in distillation and polymerisation process by absorption refrigerationProcesses for the separation of a hydrocarbon-containing feed streams are described herein. The processes generally include cooling the hydrocarbon-containing feed stream using a first absorption refrigeration cycle to form a cooled feed stream, introducing the cooled feed stream into a first distillation zone for subjecting the cooled feed stream to distillation conditions adapted to remove a first bottom stream including co-monomer and a first overhead stream including hydrocarbon diluents, olefin monomer and further components selected from H2, N2, O2, CO, CO2, formaldehyde and combinations thereof, passing the overhead stream from the first distillation zone to a second distillation zone for subjecting the overhead stream to distillation conditions adapted to remove a second bottom stream including substantially olefin-free hydrocarbon diluents, a side stream including hydrocarbon diluent and a second overhead vapor stream including olefin monomer, diluents and further components selected from H2, N2, O2, CO, CO2, formaldehyde and combinations thereof, cooling the second overhead vapor stream using a second absorption refrigeration cycle to form a cooled overhead vapor stream and separating olefin monomer from diluents in the cooled overhead vapor stream.1. A process for the separation of a hydrocarbon-containing feed stream comprising: cooling the hydrocarbon-containing feed stream using a first absorption refrigeration cycle to form a cooled feed stream; introducing the cooled feed stream into a first distillation zone for subjecting the cooled feed stream to distillation conditions adapted to remove a first bottom stream comprising co-monomer and a first overhead stream comprising hydrocarbon diluents, olefin monomer and further components selected from H2, N2, O2, CO, CO2, formaldehyde and combinations thereof; passing the first overhead stream from the first distillation zone to a second distillation zone for subjecting the first overhead stream to distillation conditions adapted to remove a second bottom stream comprising substantially olefin-free hydrocarbon diluents, a side stream comprising hydrocarbon diluent and a second overhead vapor stream comprising olefin monomer, diluents and further components selected from H2, N2, O2, CO, CO2, formaldehyde and combinations thereof; cooling the second overhead vapor stream using a second absorption refrigeration cycle to form a cooled overhead vapor stream; and separating olefin monomer from diluents in the cooled overhead vapor stream.","label":"Process","id":1258} +{"sentence":"Catalysts and methods of makingA sintered catalyst article is prepared by: molding into a shaped article and aging (I) either A. a refractory powder of calcium aluminate substantially free of silicon dioxide, alone, or B. a homogenous mixture of 1. said refractory powder and 2. at least one member selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, strontium oxide and a compound which is converted by heating to one of said oxides; (II) sintering said molded and aged article at a temperature above 1150°C; the thus sintered catalyst article containing 10 to 60 wt. percent of calcium oxide, 30 to 90 wt. percent of aluminum oxide, 0 to 30 wt. percent of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide and strontium oxide, and less than 0.2 wt. percent of silicon dioxide.1. The method of preparing a sintered catalyst article which comprises the steps of (I) kneading with water either (a) a refractory powder of calcium aluminate alone, or (b) a mixture of 1. at least 25 wt. percent of said refractory powder and 2. the balance is at least one member selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxide, calcium oxide, beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide, strontium oxide and a compound which is converted by heating to one of said oxides, wherein (a) and (b) contain less than 0.2 wt. percent of silicon dioxide, less than 3.0 wt. percent of other metal oxides and the other ingredients are present in amounts effective to provide a sintered catalyst article having the composition set forth hereinbelow: Ii. molding the kneaded material into a shaped article; Iii. placing the shaped article in a vessel, closing the vessel and aging said shaped article in said closed vessel for at least one day while preventing evaporation of water to obtain a shaped article having a crushing strength of at least about 120 Kg\/cm2; Iv. drying the shaped article at a low temperature to remove uncombined water; and then V. sintering the shaped article at a temperature above 1150°C; the thus sintered catalyst article consisting of 10 to 60 wt. percent of calcium oxide, 30 to 90 wt. percent aluminum oxide 0 to 30 wt. percent of at least one oxide selected from the group consisting of beryllium oxide, magnesium oxide and strontium oxide, less than 0.2 wt. percent of silicon dioxide and less than 3.0 wt. percent of other metal oxides.","label":"Process","id":1259} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of iso-propanol by liquid phase hydrogenationThe present invention relates to a process for the production of iso-propanol by liquid phase hydrogenation of acetone to iso-propanol in at least two hydrogenation reaction stages, each reaction stage comprising a hydrogenation reaction zone, wherein the hydrogenation reaction product leaving the reaction zone of the first reaction stage contains unreacted acetone and a product stream comprising acetone and iso-propanol is transferred to the reaction zone of a subsequent reaction stage said product stream having at the inlet to the reaction zone of said subsequent reaction stage a temperature of 60 to 100° C., wherein the temperature of the product stream leaving the reaction zone of said subsequent reaction stage at the outlet from said reaction zone is at most 40° C. higher than the temperature of the product stream entering said reaction zone at the inlet to said reaction zone and the temperature in said subsequent reaction zone does not exceed 125° C., to a process of purifying an iso-propanol raw product containing less than 1,000 wppm acetone comprising subjecting the iso-propanol raw product to a distillation in a dividing wall distillation column to obtain purified iso-propanol and to an integrated process for the production of phenol employing the above hydrogenation process.1. A process for the production of iso-propanol comprising: hydrogenating acetone to iso-propanol in liquid phase in a first reaction stage comprising a first hydrogenation reaction zone, thereby obtaining a product stream leaving the reaction zone of the first reaction stage containing unreacted acetone and iso-propanol; transferring the product stream comprising acetone and iso-propanol to a subsequent reaction zone of a subsequent reaction stage, said product stream having at the inlet to the reaction zone of said subsequent reaction stage a temperature of 60 to 100° C.; and hydrogenating acetone in the product stream to iso-propanol in liquid phase in said subsequent reaction stage, wherein the temperature of the product stream leaving the subsequent reaction zone at an outlet from said subsequent reaction zone is 40° C. or less higher than the temperature of the product stream entering said subsequent reaction zone at the inlet to said subsequent reaction zone and the temperature in said subsequent reaction zone does not exceed 125° C.","label":"Process","id":1260} +{"sentence":"Propylene elastomer and process for preparation thereofThe novel propylene elastomer according to the invention contains (1) units derived from propylene in amounts of 50 to 95% by mol and units derived from 1-butene in amounts of 5 to 50% by mol, and has (2) triad tacticity (mm fraction), determined by the13C-NMR spectrum (hexachlorobutadiene solution, based on tetramethylsilane), of not less than 90%, (3) an intrinsic viscosity (in decalin at 135° C.) of 0.1 to 12 dl\/g, (4) a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of not more than 3 and (5) a randomness parameter B value of 1.0 to 1.5, preferably 1.0 to 1.3. In addition, the elastomer desirably has properties that (6) the elastomer has a melting point Tm of 60° to 140° C., and the melting point Tm and a 1-butene constituent unit content M (% by mol) in the elastomer satisfy the relation -2.6M+130≤Tm≤-2.3M+155, and (7) a crystallinity C of the elastomer measured by X-ray diffractometry and the 1-butene constituent unit content M (% by mol) satisfy the relation C≤-1.5M+75. Such propylene elastomer is excellent in rigidity, heat resistance, scratch resistance, transparency, heat sealing properties and blocking resistance. The propylene elastomer can be prepared using a specific transition metal compound catalyst.1. A propylene elastomer having the following properties: (1) the elastomer contains units derived from propylene in amounts of 50 to 95% by mol and units derived from 1-butene in amounts of 5 to 50% by mol; (2) when (i) head-to-tail enchained propylene unit triad sequences or (ii) propylene unit-butene unit triad sequences consisting of head-to-tail enchained propylene units and butene units and containing propylene units as the second units are measured on the side chain methyl groups of the propylene units of the second units in the triad sequences using13C-NMR spectrum (hexachlorobutadiene solution, based on tetramethylsilane), the area of peaks shown in the region of 21.0 to 21.9 ppm is not less than 90 % based on the total area of all peaks shown in the region of 19.5 to 21.9 ppm being 100%; (3) the elastomer has an intrinsic viscosity, as measured in decohydronophthalene at 135° C., of 0.1 to 12 dl\/g; (4) the elastomer has a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn), as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of not more than 3; and (5) the elastomer has a parameter B value, which indicates randomness of the copolymerized monomer sequence distribution, of 1.0 to 1.5.","label":"Construct","id":1261} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR THE CONTROLLED RADICAL POLYMERIZATION OR COPOLYMERIZATION OF ONE OR MORE MONOMERS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN INITIATOR OF ALKOXYAMINE TYPEThe invention relates to a process for the polymerization of one or more monomers comprising a stage in which the said monomer or monomers is\/are brought into contact, in a medium comprising water, with at least one specific initiator of the alkoxyamine type corresponding, for example, to the following formula:1 . Process for the polymerization of one or more monomers comprising a stage in which the said monomer or monomers is\/are brought into contact with at least one initiator corresponding to the following formula (I): in which: R1 represents a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a metal chosen from alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or transition metals, in particular an alkali metal (Na, Li, K), or also H4N+, Bu4N+ or Bu3HN+, Bu representing an n-butyl group; R2 and R3, which are identical or different, represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R5 represents a hydrogen atom or an —OCOR8 group, R8 representing a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R6 and R7 independently represent a linear or branched alkyl group comprising from 1 to 3 carbon atoms; R4 represents: an aryl group carrying at least one acid group comprising at least one heteroatom chosen from S and P, it being possible for the said acid group to exist in the form of a salt; or a heterocyclic group comprising one or more heteratoms chosen from O, N and\/or S, the said heterocyclic group optionally carrying at least one acid group comprising at least one heteroatom chosen from S and P or carrying a hydrocarbon group optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms, the said hydrocarbon group carrying at least one acid group as defined above, it being possible for the said heterocyclic group to exist in the form of a salt; or a —CO—NR—Y or —CO—O—Y group, with Y representing a hydrocarbon group optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms and carrying at least one acid group comprising a heteroatom chosen from S and P or representing a hydrocarbon group optionally comprising one or more heteroatoms and comprising at least one heterocyclic group comprising one or more heteroatoms chosen from N, O and S, it being possible for the said —CO—NR—Y or —CO—O—Y group optionally to exist in the form of a salt, and R representing a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.","label":"Household","id":1262} +{"sentence":"Catalytically inactive heat generator and improved dehydrogenation processAn improved dehydrogenation catalyst bed system for olefin production utilizing classical processing techniques is disclosed. The catalyst bed system comprises a dehydrogenation catalyst comprising an active component selected from an oxide of a metal of Group 4 or Group 5 or Group 6 and combinations thereof and a support selected from aluminum oxide, aluminas, alumina monohydrate, alumina trihydrate, alumina-silica, transition aluminas, alpha-alumina, silica, silicate, aluminates, calcined hydrotalcites, zeolites and combinations thereof mixed with a first inert material selected from any material that is catalytically inactive when subjected to reaction conditions that can effect dehydrogenation of olefins and that has a high density and high heat capacity and that is not capable of producing heat during any stage of the dehydrogenation process, and the dehydrogenation catalyst plus the first inert material then being physically mixed with a secondary component comprising a heat-generating inert material and a carrier capable of supporting the heat-generating inert material, wherein the secondary component is catalytically inert with respect to dehydrogenation reactions or to cracking or to coking and generates heat after being exposed to reducing and\/or to oxidizing reaction conditions.1. A catalyst bed system for use in adiabatic, non-oxidative and cyclic dehydrogenation processes comprising: (a) a dehydrogenation catalyst comprising an active component and a support, wherein said active component is selected from an oxide of a metal of Group 4 or Group 5 or Group 6 and combinations thereof; and wherein said support is selected from aluminum oxide, aluminas, alumina monohydrate, alumina trihydrate, alumina-silica, transition aluminas, alpha-alumina, silica, silicate, aluminates, calcined hydrotalcites, zeolites and combinations thereof; (b) a first inert material selected from any material that is catalytically inactive when subjected to reaction conditions that can effect non-oxidative dehydrogenation for the production of olefins and that has a high density and high heat capacity and that is not capable of producing heat during any stage of the non-oxidative and cyclic dehydrogenation process; and (c) a secondary component comprising a heat-generating inert material and a carrier capable of supporting the heat-generating inert material, wherein said secondary component is catalytically inert in a first stage involving non-oxidative dehydrogenation, non-oxidative cracking or non-oxidative coking and generates heat after being exposed to reducing and\/or to oxidizing reaction conditions in a second stage of the cyclic process; and said dehydrogenation catalyst, first inert material, and secondary component are separate, solid phase components that are physically mixed with each other to form the catalyst bed system and said catalyst bed system is subjected to a cyclic operation that comprises at least non-oxidative dehydrogenation in a first stage and reducing and\/or oxidizing reaction conditions in a second stage.","label":"Catalyst","id":1263} +{"sentence":"Polyalkoxy monovinylaromatic compound in copolymerization of a conjugated diene with a monovinyl-substituted aromatic compoundPolyalkoxy monovinyl substituted aromatic compounds, such as 3,4-dimethoxystyrene, function as both comonomer and randomizing agent in organolithium initiated copolymerization of a conjugated diene with a monovinyl aromatic compound, such as of butadiene with styrene. The resultant polymeric product exhibits lower levels of block styrene than does a corresponding copolymer made in the absence of the dimethoxystyrene.1. A polymerization process which comprises contacting at least one polymerizable conjugated diene and at least one polymerizable monovinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon with an effective amount of an organolithium initiator under polymerization conditions including effective temperature and pressure in the presence of a polyalkoxy monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound randomizer, wherein said polyalkoxy monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound is characterized by at least two adjacent alkoxy groups on a benzene ring nucleus, and wherein said randomizer is employed in quantity effective to promote the formation of random copolymers between said conjugated diene and said monovinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon.","label":"Automobile","id":1264} +{"sentence":"Method for the production of butadiene and 1-buteneThe disclosure involves a process for the preparation of butadiene and 1-butene. The process includes at least a first catalytic dehydrogenation of n-butane to obtain a gas stream which is followed by at least a second oxidative dehydrogenation to form a second gas stream. The second gas stream is then subjected to distillation and isomeration steps to obtain butadiene and 1-butene.1. A process for preparing butadiene from n-butane having the steps of A) providing a feed gas stream a comprising n-butane; B) feeding the feed gas stream a comprising n-butane into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidatively catalytically dehydrogenating n-butane to obtain a product gas stream b comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butene, butadiene, hydrogen, low-boiling secondary constituents and in some cases steam; C) feeding the product gas stream b of the nonoxidative catalytic dehydrogenation and an oxygenous gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butane, 1-butene and 2-butene to obtain a product gas stream c comprising n-butane, 2-butene, butadiene, low-boiling secondary constituents and steam, said product gas stream c having a higher content of butadiene than the product gas stream b; D) removing the low-boiling secondary constituents and steam to obtain a C4 product gas stream d substantially consisting of n-butane, 2-butene and butadiene; E) separating the C4 product gas stream d into a stream e1 consisting substantially of n-butane and 2-butene and a product of value stream e2 consisting substantially of butadiene by extractive distillation; F) feeding the stream e1 consisting substantially of n-butane and 2-butene and a cycle stream g comprising 1-butene and 2-butene into a distillation zone and separating into a 1-butene-rich product of value stream f1, a recycle stream f2 comprising 2-butene and n-butane and a stream f3 comprising 2-butene, and recycling the recycle stream f2 into the first dehydrogenation zone; G) feeding the stream f3 comprising 2-butene into an isomerization zone and isomerizing 2-butene to 1-butene to obtain a cycle stream g comprising 1-butene and 2-butene, and recycling the cycle gas stream g into the distillation zone.","label":"Catalyst","id":1265} +{"sentence":"Hybrid organic-inorganic nanocompositesThe present invention relates to a dispersion of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite molecules comprising discrete inorganic silica nanoparticles that are covalently bonded to organic polymers, wherein the dispersion has a high solid content (>30% wt.) and high silica content (>35% wt.) with low coagulum (about 100-400 ppm or about 0.05% wt or less). The hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite is prepared by (1) hydrolyzing silane monomers at acidic conditions; (2) surface treating inorganic silica nanoparticles with silane monomers; (3) stabilizing the surface-treated inorganic silica nanoparticles with an amine stabilizer; and (4) reacting organic monomers with surface-treated inorganic silica nanoparticles.1. A hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite dispersion comprising discrete inorganic silica nanoparticles covalently bonded to organic polymer latex particles, wherein the dispersion has a solid content greater than or equal to about 30% wt, wherein the solid content has a silica content greater than or equal to about 35% wt., wherein the dispersion has about 100 to about 400 ppm of coagulum, wherein the discrete silica nanoparticles are distributed in a substantially homogenous manner within the dispersion.","label":"Household","id":1266} +{"sentence":"Carrier-supported catalyst for the synthesis of unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated carboxylic acids and process for preparing the sameA carrier-supported catalyst for the synthesis of unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated carboxylic acids, comprising a catalyst active substance comprising at least molybdenum and bismuth as its components, glass fiber having an average diameter in a range of more than 5 μm and not more than 200 μm and an average length in a range of from 50 μm to 1 mm, which is used as a carrier assistant in an amount of 0.5-50% by weight based on the catalyst active substance, and a carrier. The carrier-supported catalyst of this invention suffers no release or fall-off of the catalyst active substance from the carrier even if the catalyst supporting rate is increased. It also has high mechanical strength and is helpful for providing the objective product in a high yield. Further, the carrier-supported catalyst preparation process of this invention is capable of producing a carrier-supported catalyst having excellent mechanical strength and enabling high-yield production of an objective product, with ease and good reproducibility.1. A carrier-supported catalyst for the synthesis of unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated carboxylic acids, comprising a catalyst active substance comprising at least molybdenum and bismuth as its components, glass fiber having an average diameter in a range of more than 5 μm and not more than 200 μm and an average length in a range of from 50 μm to 1 mm, said glass fiber being used as a carrier assistant in an amount of 0.5 to 50% by weight based on the catalyst active substance, and a carrier.","label":"Catalyst","id":1267} +{"sentence":"AEROGEL-FOAM COMPOSITESThe invention provides reinforced aerogel monoliths as well as reinforced composites thereof for a variety of uses. Compositions and methods of preparing the monoliths and composites are also provided. Application of these materials in transparent assemblies is also discuss.1 . A flexible aerogel-open cell foam composite, comprising at least one open cell foam component and at least one aerogel matrix.","label":"IndustConst","id":1268} +{"sentence":"PLASTISOL FOR SPRAY-MOLDED PLASTIC ARTICLESA plastisol is disclosed comprising poly(vinyl halide) and a trimellitate plasticizer and a second plasticizer, with the trimellitate plasticizer comprising between about 60 and about 90 weight percent of the total plasticizer content. The plastisol can be made into a polymeric skin using spray molding techniques. The plastisol can be sprayed on a slush mold surface.1 . A spray molded plastic article comprising: plastisol liquid fused into a solid after being sprayed into a thin layer on to a surface of a female form mold, wherein the plastisol comprises poly(vinyl halide), a trimellitate plasticizer, and a second plasticizer, wherein the trimellitate plasticizer comprises between about 60 and about 90 weight percent of total plasticizer in the article.","label":"HouseConst","id":1269} +{"sentence":"Polyolefin adhesive material for use in solar modulesThis disclosure generally relates to films capable of use in electronic device modules and to electronic device modules including such films. The disclosure also generally relates to materials for use in such films.1. A film capable of use in a photovoltaic solar module, comprising: a polyolefin; a silane; one or more cross-linking agents; and a plasticizer; wherein the average % transmittance of the film is at least 90% over a wavelength range of 400-1100 nm, and wherein the plasticizer comprises a C4-C10 polyolefin homopolymer.","label":"HouseConst","id":1270} +{"sentence":"Method of recovering pure aromatic substancesDisclosed is a method for recovering pure aromatic substances from a mixture of hydrocarbons containing both aromatic and non-aromatic fractions. The input mixture is fed through an extractive stage provided with a preliminary distillation column. In the preliminary stage the aromatics-containing product is treated at a pressure up to 20 bar and a temperature up to 300° C. The pressure is adjusted to a value at which the operational temperature of the preliminary stage is higher than the pressure and temperature in the extractive stage and the heat of the vapors discharged from the preliminary stage is used for heating the extractive stage.1. A method of recovering high-purity aromatic fractions from a complex mixture of hydrocarbons containing aromatic and non-aromatic constitutents, comprising the steps of feeding the mixture in a preliminary distillation stage and distilling the mixture at an operational pressure in a range up to 20 bar and an operational temperature in a range up to 300° C.; discharging vapors from the top of the preliminary distillation stage; using the heat content of at least a part of the discharged vapors for heating an extractive distillation stage and simultaneously condensing said vapors; extractivelly distilling the resulting condensate in the extractive distillation stage with N-substituted morpholine as selective solvent while adjusting the operational pressure in the preliminary distillation stage to a value at which the operational temperature of the preliminary distillation stage is higher than the temperature of the extractive distillation stage; then separately discharging from the extractive distillation stage the non-aromatic overhead constituents and extract bottoms which contain the aromatic constituents and the selective solvent; and then separating the aromatic constituents from the selective solvent.","label":"Process","id":1271} +{"sentence":"Catalyst composition and process for di-, tri- and\/or tetramerization of ethyleneA catalyst composition and a process for di-, tri- and\/or tetramerization of ethylene, wherein the catalyst composition comprises a chromium compound, a ligand of the general structure R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—PR6R7, or any cyclic derivatives thereof, wherein at least one of the P or N atoms of the PNPNP-unit is member of a ring system, the ring system being formed from one or more constituent compounds of the ligand by substitution, and a co-catalyst or activator.1. A catalyst composition comprising: (a) a chromium compound; (b) a ligand of the general structure R1R2P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—PR6R7 wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are independently selected from halogen, amino, trimethylsilyl, C1-C10-alkyl, phenyl, benzyl, tolyl and xylyl; and (c) an activator or co-catalyst; wherein the concentration of the chromium compound is from 0.1 to 10 mmol\/l; wherein the chromium compound is CrCl3(THF)3, Cr(III)acetylacetonate, Cr(III)octanoate, chromium hexacarbonyl, Cr(III)-2-ethylhexanoate or (benzene)tricarbonyl-chromium.","label":"Catalyst","id":1272} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbing polymer particlesA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, wherein an aqueous polymer gel is applied by means of a swivel belt to the conveyor belt of a forced-air belt drier, and the swivel belt, proceeding from one end position, is accelerated through a first pivot angle to an angular speed v1, decelerated through a second pivot angle to an angular speed v2 and decelerated through a third pivot angle to the other end position.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, d) optionally one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the monomer mentioned under a) and e) optionally one or more water-soluble polymer, comprising drying the resulting aqueous polymer gel on a forced-air belt drier, grinding, classifying, and optionally thermal surface postcrosslinking, wherein the aqueous polymer gel is applied by means of a swivel belt to the conveyor belt of the forced-air belt drier, the swivel belt, proceeding from one end position, is accelerated through a first pivot angle β1 where β1 is from 8 to 24° to an angular speed v1, decelerated through a second pivot angle β2 where β2 is from 10 to 40° to an angular speed v2, and decelerated through a third pivot angle β3 to the other end position, a quotient of angular speed v2 and angular speed v1 being from 0.3 to 0.9, and a quotient of length of the swivel belt and width of the conveyor belt of the forced-air belt drier being 0.7 to 1.9, the length of the swivel belt being the distance of the pivot axis from a discharge end.","label":"Household","id":1273} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic resin having high transparency and high impact strength and preventing low-temperature whiteningA transparent thermoplastic resin composition includes (A) a methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (g-MABS) which is a graft resin having a core-shell structure and including butadiene with an average particle size of about 700 to about 1800 Å; (B) a methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (g-MABS) which is a graft resin having a core-shell structure and including butadiene with an average particle size of about 2000 to about 4000 Å; (C) dimethyl polysiloxane; and (D) a base resin which includes (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester in an amount of about 40 to about 100% by weight.1. A transparent thermoplastic resin composition comprising: (A) a methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (g-MABS) graft resin with a core-shell structure, wherein the core includes butadiene with an average butadiene particle size of about 700 to about 1800 Å; (B) a methylmethacrylate-styrene-acrylonitrile-butadiene copolymer (g-MABS) graft resin with a core-shell structure, wherein the core includes butadiene with an average butadiene particle size of about 2000 to about 4000 Å; (C) a dimethyl polysiloxane; and (D) a base resin including (meth)acrylic acid alkyl ester in an amount of about 40 to about 100% by weight.","label":"Automobile","id":1274} +{"sentence":"Compositions Based on C4-C7 Secondary Aliphatic Alcohol Esters of Cyclohexanecarboxylic AcidsC4-C7 secondary aliphatic alcohol esters of cyclohexanediacid are especially useful as plasticizers for PVC. In embodiments, these fast fusing plasticizers are useful in plastisol formulations to help improve the processability of flexible PVC material. In preferred embodiments these same plasticizers can be used in blends with other plasticizers, especially slower fusing plasticizers or plasticizers with reduced solvency, such as di-2-propylheptyl phthalate or di-isononyl cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, to improve processability.1 . A composition comprising a plasticizable polymer, a first plasticizer selected from at least one C4-C7 secondary aliphatic alcohol ester of a cyclohexanecarboxylic acid, and a second plasticizer, different from said first plasticizer, selected from at least one slow fusing plasticizer, relative to di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP).","label":"HouseConst","id":1275} +{"sentence":"Fluid absorbent compositions and process for their preparationThis invention relates to fluid absorbent polymer compositions having the ability to absorb aqueous ionic fluids and water rapidly and efficiently. These fluid absorbent polymer compositions are prepared from fine base polymer particles which are ionically surface crosslinked and agglomerated into larger particles by the use of high energy mixing conditions. The fluid absorbent compositions of the invention find application in the preparation of absorbent articles such as diapers, sanitary napkins and incontinent devices.1. A process for preparing a water absorbent polymer composition having an absorbency rate of 20 seconds or less comprising; (a) introducing a water absorbent base polymer having a free absorbency of at least 30 ml\/gm and a particle size distribution such that 100 percent of said particles are 150 microns or less into a mixing zone; (b) uniformly contacting the surface of the absorbent base polymer with an aqueous crosslinker solution in an amount of from about 1 to about 20 percent by weight based upon the weight of said base polymer; said crosslinker solution containing from about 0.05 to about 10 percent by weight of a ionic crosslinker selected from an inorganic or an organic compound capable of providing an ionizable metal cation, an amino cation or an imino cation having a valence of at least two; and (c) subjecting the absorbent base polymer and crosslinking solution to a high intensity mixing to crosslink the surface of said base polymer particles and agglomerated said base polymer particles into particles of larger size.","label":"Household","id":1276} +{"sentence":"Catalyst composition, method of polymerization, and polymer therefrom[00001] Catalyst compositions and methods, useful in polymerization processes, utilizing at least two metal compounds are disclosed. At least one of the metal compounds is a Group 15 containing metal compound and the other metal compound is preferably a bulky ligand metallocene-type catalyst. The invention also discloses a new polyolefin, generally polyethylene, particularly a multimodal polymer and more specifically, a bimodal polymer, and its use in various end-use applications such as film, molding and pipe.1. A continuous gas phase polymerization process comprising combining in a single gas phase reactor olefin monomers with a catalyst composition comprising an activator, a first catalyst compound comprising a Group 15-containing metal compound and a second catalyst compound; wherein the Group 15-containing metal compound is represented by the formula: wherein M is a Group 4 metal, each X is independently a leaving group, n is the oxidation state of M, m is the formal charge of the ligand comprising Y, Z and L, L is a Group 15 element, Y is a Group 15 element, Z is a Group 15 element, R1and R2are independently a C1 to C20 hydrocarbon group, or a heteroatom containing group having up to twenty carbon atoms, the heteroatom selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin, lead, and phosphorus; wherein optionally, R1and R2are interconnected to each other, and\/or R4and R5may be interconnected to each other, R3is absent, a hydrocarbon group, a hydrogen, a halogen, or a heteroatom containing group, R4and R5are independently an alkyl group, an aryl group, a substituted aryl group, a cyclic alkyl group, a substituted cyclic alkyl group, a cyclic arylalkyl group, a substituted cyclic arylalkyl group or a multiple ring system, and R6and R7are independently absent, hydrogen, an alkyl group, halogen, heteroatom or a hydrocarbyl group; wherein a polyolefin is produced; and wherein the melt index (I2) of the polyolefin is changed by altering the relative amounts of the first catalyst compound and the second catalyst compound.","label":"HouseConst","id":1277} +{"sentence":"Polycarbonate compositions having multiple phase impact modifiers thereinPolycarbonates are blended with an impact modifier to improve the impact resistance thereof. The impact modifier is a multiple phase polymer system prepared by subsequent multiple stage polymerizations. The first phase which constitutes from about 50 percent to about 90 percent by weight of the multiple phase impact modifier is generally an elastomer such as an alkyl acrylate wherein the alkyl portion has from 2 to 18 carbon atoms. The second phase polymer is generally a plastic type compound such as a vinyl substituted aromatic, an alkyl methacrylate, or an alkenyl nitrile compound. The impact modifiers are made without utilizing any crosslinking or grafting agents and thus are substantially free of any such bonds and are generally free-flowing powders.1. A polycarbonate composition having improved impact resistance, comprising: a polycarbonate and a multiple-phase impact modifier, free of any grafting or crosslinking agents, said impact modifier containing at least an elastomer phase and a plastic polymer phase, wherein said elastomer has a glass transition temperature of 0° C. or less, said elastomer phase containing one or more polymers made from an alkyl acrylate having the formula wherein A is hydrogen or an alkyl having from 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and B is an alkyl portion having from 1 to 18 carbon atoms, the number average molecular weight as determined by gel permeation chromatography of said elastomer being at least 100,000, and wherein the amount of said multiple-phase impact modifier is from about 1 part to about 30 parts by weight for every 100 parts by weight of said polycarbonate.","label":"Automobile","id":1278} +{"sentence":"Isolation and improvement of impact modifier polymer powdersImpact modifier polymer powders are isolated by a process comprising introducing about 0.5 to 50% by weight of stearate coated calcium carbonate having an average particle size of about 0.04 to 1 micron based on polymer and stearate coated calcium carbonate mixture. The resultant mixture has improved anti-compaction properties as well as powder flow. Blends of impact modifier and thermoplastic matrix polymer are also unexpectedly improved. Impact modifier with higher than normal rubber levels can be isolated.1. A method of isolating impact modifier polymers as powders and imparting anti-compaction and powder flow properties to said powders comprising introducing about 0.5 to 50% by weight, based on mixture, of stearate coated calcium carbonate having an average particle size of about 0.04 to 1 micron after formation of said polymer but before or during isolation of powders.","label":"IndustConst","id":1279} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene Composition Suitable for the Preparation of Films and Process for Preparing the SameA polyethylene composition, in particular suitable for the preparation of films, and a process for preparing the same are described. The polyethylene composition of the invention comprises from 50 to 89% by weight of a first polyethylene component comprising at least one multimodal polyethylene including a plurality of ethylene polymer fractions having distinct molecular weights and comonomer contents, at least one of said plurality of ethylene polymer fractions being prepared by the use of a single site catalyst, and from 50 to 11% by weight of a second polyethylene component comprising a low or medium density polyethylene.11 . A polyethylene composition comprising: (a) from 50 to 89% by weight of a first polyethylene component comprising a multimodal polyethylene including a plurality of ethylene polymer fractions having distinct molecular weights and co-monomer contents, at least one of said plurality of ethylene polymer fractions being prepared by the use of a single site catalyst; and (b) from 50 to 11% by weight of a second polyethylene component comprising a low density polyethylene or a medium density polyethylene.","label":"HouseConst","id":1280} +{"sentence":"High capacity purification of thermally unstable compoundsSeparations processes and apparati capable of purifying thermally sensitive materials at high capacity. An apparatus having a rectification section and a stripping section with the stripping section having a stripping tray with 5 to 50% open area, a pressure drop from 0.02 psi to 0.2 psi and a tray efficiency during operation of the column which is equal to or greater than 20%.1. A process for purifying a stream comprising at least one thermally sensitive compound, comprising the steps of: (a) providing a separation vessel having an internal diameter of greater than 8 feet, an internal cross-sectional area and at least one tray extending across said internal cross-sectional area; (b) providing said stream comprising at least one thermally sensitive compound to said separation vessel at a rate of at least 40,000 lb\/hour, wherein said at least one thermally sensitive compound comprises (meth)acrylic acid and at least one other compound comprising acetic acid in an amount between 1 and 5 weight percent, based on the total weight of the stream; and (c) purifying said stream by operating said separation vessel and maintaining a pressure drop across at least one of said at least one tray in a range of between 1 mm Hg (0.02 psi) and 10 mm Hg (0.2 psi); and (d) producing a purified bottoms product stream comprising less than 10,000 parts per million acetic acid, based on the total weight of the stream.","label":"Process","id":1281} +{"sentence":"RUBBER COMPOSITION AND PNEUMATIC TIREThe invention provides a rubber composition that achieves a well-balanced improvement in fuel economy, wet-grip performance, and abrasion resistance, and a pneumatic tire formed from the rubber composition. The invention relates to a rubber composition, including a rubber component and silica, wherein the rubber component contains not less than 5% by mass of a conjugated diene polymer, based on 100% by mass of the rubber component, the conjugated diene polymer containing a constituent unit derived from a conjugated diene and a constituent unit represented by the following formula (I): at least one terminal of the conjugated diene polymer being modified by a silicon compound containing a group represented by the following formula (II) and\/or a group represented by the following formula (III): and wherein the silica is contained in an amount of 5 to 150 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.1 . A rubber composition, comprising a rubber component and silica, wherein the rubber component contains not less than 5% by mass of a conjugated diene polymer, based on 100% by mass of the rubber component, the conjugated diene polymer comprising a constituent unit derived from a conjugated diene and a constituent unit represented by the following formula (I): wherein X1, X2, and X3each independently represent a group represented by the formula (Ia) below, a hydroxyl group, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and at least one of the X1, X2, and X3is a hydroxyl group or a group represented by the formula (Ia): wherein R1and R2each independently represent a C1-6 hydrocarbyl group, a C1-6 substituted hydrocarbyl group, a silyl group, or a substituted silyl group, and the R1and R2may be bonded to each other to form a cyclic structure together with the nitrogen atom, at least one terminal of the conjugated diene polymer being modified by a silicon compound containing at least one of a group represented by the following formula (II) and a group represented by the following formula (III): and wherein the silica is contained in an amount of 5 to 150 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.","label":"Automobile","id":1282} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for catalytic gas phase oxidation of acrolein and process for producing acrylic acid by catalytic gas phase oxidation using said catalystThere are provided a catalyst for catalytic gas phase oxidation of acrolein with molecular oxygen to produce acrylic acid, the catalyst including molybdenum and vanadium and further including at least one volatile catalyst poison ingredient in an amount of 10 to 100 ppb by mass as measured by ion chromatography; and a process for producing acrylic acid, including a step of carrying out catalytic gas phase oxidation of acrolein with molecular oxygen using the catalyst. The catalyst of the present invention can lower a hot spot temperature and suppress reduction in a reaction efficacy accompanied with thermal degradation, so that the acrolein conversion can stably be kept higher over a long term.1. A catalyst for catalytic gas phase oxidation of acrolein with molecular oxygen to produce acrylic acid, the catalyst comprising molybdenum and vanadium and further comprising a volatile catalyst poison ingredient in an amount of 10 to 100 ppb by mass as measured by ion chromatography.","label":"Catalyst","id":1283} +{"sentence":"Steam stripping polyvinyl chloride resinsA method for reducing the vinyl chloride monomer content of polyvinyl chloride resins suspended as a slurry in an aqueous medium. The polyvinyl chloride-water slurry as produced in a conventional suspension resin autoclave, or a resin-water slurry prepared subsequent to suspension polymerization, is placed in a vessel and heated to a suitable temperature for removal of vinyl chloride monomer from the resin. In this operation, the polyvinyl chloride-water slurry is agitated in a vessel and steam is injected directly into the slurry to rapidly heat the slurry up to a minimum temperature of at least about 180° F. The slurry is cooled immediately, or optionally it can be maintained for a period of time at the selected maximum temperature and then rapidly cooled by applying vacuum to the vessel and condensing the vapor phase removed from the vessel. Dried polyvinyl chloride resin produced by this process has been found to have a vinyl chloride monomer content below a detectable limit of 0.5 ppm.1. In the method of treating particles of a polyvinyl chloride resin prepared by a suspension process, which resin particles have a susceptibility to a degradation in thermal stability and an increase in bulk density upon prolonged heating and where the particles are contained in an aqueous medium wherein the resin particles and aqueous medium have been subjected to a flashing step to remove a major portion of the unreacted vinyl chloride monomer therefrom, the improvement for further reducing the vinyl chloride monomer content of the resin particles comprising: a. placing the resin particles and aqueous medium alone in a closed vessel and agitating the resin particles in the aqueous medium; b. directly heating the aqueous suspension of the resin particles by injecting steam herein for a period of time between about 5 minutes and 45 minutes to raise the temperature of the suspension in a range of from about 180° F to about 240° F while simultaneously removing from the vessel a vapor phase containing vinyl chloride monomer and the aqueous medium; c. terminating the heating step; d. cooling the suspension to a temperature of about 120° F to about 170° F in less than about 1 hour by applying a sufficient vacuum to the vessel to cause vaporization of a portion of said aqueous medium to remove at least about 80% of the vinyl chloride monomer remaining in the resin particles after the completion of step (b); and e. whereby treated polyvinyl chloride resin particles are produced having a vinyl chloride monomer content less than about 340 ppm (dry resin basis) and a thermal stability and bulk density not significantly different from the resin particles prior to treating.","label":"HouseConst","id":1284} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition for tire treadA rubber composition for a tire tread comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of a rubber component containing (a) 50 to 95 parts by weight of a diene-based rubber containing 50 to 100% by weight of an aromatic vinyl-conjugated diene copolymer rubber and (b) 5 to 50 parts by weight of a conjugated diene-based rubber gel having a toluene swelling index Qi of 16 to 70 and (B) 3 to 40 parts by weight, based upon 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component, of a copolymer resin of an aromatic vinyl and dipentene and\/or pinene having a softening point of 100 to 150° C. and a high performance tire using the above rubber composition are disclosed.1. A rubber composition for a tire tread of a high performance tire of a sports car or of a racing car comprising (A) 100 parts by weight of a rubber component comprising (a) 50 to 95 parts by weight of a diene-based rubber containing 50 to 100% by weight of a styrene-1,3-butadiene copolymer rubber having an average glass transition temperature Tg of −43° C. to −5° C. and (b) 5 to 50 parts by weight of a conjugated diene-based rubber gel having a toluene swelling index Qi of 16 to 70 and 51.9 to 89.9% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units 48 to 10% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer units and 0.1 to 1.2% by weight of polyfunctional monomer units, (B) 3 to 40 parts by weight, based upon 100 parts by weight of the total rubber component, of a dipentene-styrene copolymer resin having a softening point of 125° C. to 150° C. and (C) 50 to 200 parts by weight, in total, of carbon and silica having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area (N2SA) of 80 to 400 m2\/g.","label":"IndustConst","id":1285} +{"sentence":"Polyvinyl chloride moulding compositionA notched-impact-resistant polyvinyl chloride moulding composition having a low shrinkage value, based on vinylchloride polymers and impact-resistant modifiers, containing from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total of vinylchloride polymer and impact-resistant modifier, of liquid polysiloxanes having viscosities of from 20 to 100,000 cSt and\/or solid polysiloxanes having molecular weights of from 20,000 to 500,000 and optionally conventional additives and auxiliaries.1. A notched-impact-resistant moulding composition having a low shrinkage value selected from the group consisting of I. a mixture consisting of (a) from 99 to 85% by weight of polyvinyl chloride, (b) from 1 to 15% by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing from 25 to 60% by weight of vinyl acetate and having a molecular weight of from 20,000 to 500,000 and (c) from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total weight of (a) plus (b), of a polysiloxane; II. a mixture consisting of a graft polymer of 3 to 15% by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing from 25 to 60% by weight of vinyl acetate and having a molecular weight of from 20,000 to 500,000 having grafted thereon from 97 to 85% by weight of polymerized units of vinyl chloride and from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the weight of said graft polymer, of a polysiloxane and III. a mixture consisting of polyvinyl chloride, a graft polymer of from 60 to 4% by weight of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer containing from 25 to 60% by weight of vinyl acetate and having a molecular weight of from 20,000 to 500,000 having grafted thereon from 40 to 96% by weight of polymerized units of vinyl chloride, the total content of said ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer in said mixture being from 3 to 15% by weight, based on the weight of polyvinyl chloride and said graft polymer, and from 0.01 to 5% by weight, based on the total polyvinyl chloride and graft polymer, of a polysiloxane, said polysiloxane of each of I, II and III being selected from the group consisting of polydimethylsiloxane having methyl terminal groups and a viscosity of 20 cSt; polydimethylsiloxane having methyl terminal groups and a viscosity of 140 cSt; polymethylphenylsiloxane having methyl terminal groups and a viscosity of 350 cSt; polymethylphenylsiloxane having methyl terminal groups and a viscosity of 1,000 cSt; polydimethylsiloxane having OH terminal groups and a molecular weight MW of 90,000 and polydimethylsiloxane having vinyl terminal groups and a molecular weight MW of 500,000.","label":"HouseConst","id":1286} +{"sentence":"Particulate water-absorbing agent and production method for the sameA particulate water-absorbing agent containing a surface-crosslinked polyacrylic acid (salt)-type water-absorbing resin as a main component and at least one spacer selected from a polycation and water-insoluble fine particles. The particulate water-absorbing agent has a free swell capacity (FSC) of 55 to 65 g\/g, an absorption against pressure (AAP—4.83 kPa) of 20 to 30 g\/g, and a vertical diffusion absorption amount under pressure (VDAUP—4.83 kPa) of 30 to 80 g. Also disclosed is a method for producing a particulate water-absorbing agent, an absorbent core containing the particulate water-absorbing agent, and an absorbing article containing the absorbent core.1. A particulate water-absorbing agent comprising a surface-crosslinked polyacrylic acid (salt)-type water-absorbing resin as a main component, and comprising at least one spacer selected from a polycation and water-insoluble fine particles, the particulate water-absorbing agent having a free swell capacity (FSC) of 55 to 65 [g\/g], an absorption against pressure (AAP—4.83 kPa) of 20 to 30 [g\/g], and a vertical diffusion absorption amount under pressure (VDAUP—4.83 kPa) of 30 to 80 g.","label":"Household","id":1287} +{"sentence":"Composition comprising polyvinyl chloride and ethylene copolymerDisclosed is a composition comprising, consisting essentially of, consisting of, or produced from polyvinyl chloride, filler, and an impact strength-retaining amount of a modifier wherein the modifier includes is or an ethylene copolymer, an acid anhydride- or acid monoester-modified polyolefin, or combinations thereof. Also disclosed is a process comprising combining an impact strength-retaining amount of a modifier to a blend that comprises or is produced by combining a rigid PVC and one or more fillers. The combining is carried out under a condition sufficient to prevent or minimize the reduction of impact strength of the blend, to reduce the molten viscosity of the blend, or to minimize the loss in stiffness (flexural modulus) of the blend, in comparison to the unmodified blend.1. A composition comprising, or produced from, polyvinyl chloride, filler, and an impact strength-retaining amount of a modifier wherein the modifier is an ethylene copolymer, an acid anhydride- or acid monoester-modified polyolefin, or combinations thereof; the filler includes glass fiber, hollow glass microsphere, CaCO3, silica, calcium silicate, calcium metasilicate, clay, mica, talc, alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, metal oxides, or combinations of two or more thereof; the ethylene copolymer is ethylene alkyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, ethylene butyl acrylate glycidyl methyl acrylate copolymer, ethylene (meth)acrylic acid copolymer or its corresponding ionomer, ethylene butyl acrylate (meth)acrylic acid copolymer or its corresponding ionomer, or combinations of two or more thereof; and the acid anhydride or acid monoester includes maleic anhydride, itaconic anhydride, fumaric anhydride, maleic acid monoesters, itaconic monoesters, fumaric acid monoester, a salt of thereof, combinations of two or more thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":1288} +{"sentence":"High activity metallocene polymerization processThe disclosed invention relates to a polymerization process comprising contacting ethylene, and optionally, one or more olefinically unsaturated comonomers, with an active supported Group 3, 4, 5, or 6 metallocene catalyst system having an unsubstituted or substituted fused-ring cyclopentadienyl ligand, preferably indenyl or fluorenyl, and a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand under gas-phase or slurry polymerization conditions. The process is suitable for the production of high-density polyethylene homopolymers and copolymers. The benefits to industrial practice are both the ease of preparation and low-cost of the precursor metallocene compound and the commercially feasible polymerization activity levels in stable, low fouling level reactor conditions surprisingly associated with it. Additionally, the polymers made under the invention process conditions have narrow molecular weight distributions, low MI, and low values for MIR.1. A polymerization process comprising contacting, under gas-phase polymerization conditions, a) ethylene; b) optionally, one or more comonomers; and c) a metallocene catalyst system comprising a support material and a catalytic complex formed by activating a Group 3, 4, 5, or 6 unbridged biscyclopentadienyl metallocene, wherein said unbridged biscyclopentadienyl metallocene comprises an unsubstituted indenyl or tetrahydroindenyl ligand and an unsubstituted mono-cyclic cyclopentadienyl ligand.","label":"HouseConst","id":1289} +{"sentence":"SOLAR CELL BACK SURFACE PROTECTIVE FILM, AND SOLAR CELL MODULE PROVIDED WITH SAMEThe back surface protective film for solar cell of the present invention is provided with a first resin layer obtained using a first thermoplastic resin composition which is prepared by melt-kneading a starting composition containing a first thermoplastic resin and a silane coupling agent. The back surface protective film may be provided with other resin layer bonding to the first resin layer. The thickness thereof is preferably in the range from 10 to 1,000 μm. The solar cell module of the present invention is provided with the back surface protective film for solar cell.14 . A back surface protective film, comprising: a first resin layer comprising a first thermoplastic resin composition which is prepared by melt-kneading a starting material composition comprising a first thermoplastic resin and a silane coupling agent.","label":"Construct","id":1290} +{"sentence":"Silane-crosslinkable polymer composition containing a silane compound as a precuring retarderA crosslinkable polymer composition comprises an olefin copolymer or graft copolymer with hydrolysable saline groups and a silanol condensation catalyst, as well as a silane compound with at least one hydrolysable organic group. The polymer composition is characterized in that the silane compound has a compatibility with the polymer composition of at least 0.035 mole hydrolysable groups per 100 g polymer composition, and in that the silane compound is represented by the general formula: R1(SiR2nX3-n)m,wherein R1is a monofunctional hydrocarbyl group having 13-30 carbon atoms, or a difunctional hydrocarbyl group having 4-24 carbon atoms, R2is a hydrocarbyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms, X is a hydrolysable organic group, n is 0, 1 or 2, and m is 1 or 2.1. A crosslinkable polymer composition comprising: (a) an olefin copolymer or an olefin graft copolymer with hydrolyzable silane groups thereon; (b) a silanol condensation catalyst; and, (c) a substance which counteracts precuring of the polymer composition and which comprises a silane compound having at least one hydrolyzable organic group; (i) the silane compound having a compatibility with the polymer composition of at least 0.035 mole hydrolyzable groups per 1000 g polymer composition; the compatibility being defined as the residual content of moles of hydrolyzable groups per 1000 g polymer composition, determined indirectly by measuring the decrease in weight after storage for 74 hours at 60° C. in air, of a polymer composition with an initial content of 0.060 mole hydrolyzable groups per 1000 g polymer composition; (ii) the silane compound having the general formula: [Equation] R1(SiR2nX3-n)m I wherein: R1is a monofunctional hydrocarbyl group having 13-30 carbon atoms, or a difunctional hydrocarbyl group having 4-24 carbon atoms; R2which may be the same or different, is a hydrocarbyl group having 1-10 carbon atoms; X which may be the same or different, is a hydrolyzable organic group; n is 0, 1 or 2; and, m is 1 or 2.","label":"Construct","id":1291} +{"sentence":"PLASTICIZED POLYLACTIDEA composition that includes polylactide resin and plasticizer, the plasticizer having a chemical formula: wherein R may be the same or different and wherein at least one R is a branched alkyl group having a carbon chain length of C5 or greater; and R is an H or an acyl group. In another aspect, the invention provides a process for providing an semicrystalline polylactide film, the process including the steps of providing a polylactide composition that includes polylactide resin, nucleating agent, and the foregoing plasticizer. The composition is extruded as a molten sheet which is then cooled to crystallize the polylactide and provide the film.1 . A composition comprising: polylactide resin; and plasticizer of the formula wherein R may be the same or different and wherein at least one R is a branched alkyl group having a carbon chain length of C5 or greater; and R′ is an H or an acyl group.","label":"HouseConst","id":1292} +{"sentence":"Impact copolymer in single reactorThis invention relates to the field of impact copolymers and their preparation in a single reactor.1. A method for preparing impact polymers of propylene in a single reactor, that comprises the steps of: a) providing a support; b) depositing on the support a first metallocene catalyst component capable of producing an isotactic homopolymer of propylene having an isotactic index of at least 97% in order to produce a polypropylene matrix, wherein the first metallocene catalyst component is CMe2(3-t-butyl-5-methyl-cyclopentadienyl)(3,6-t-butyl-fluorenyl) zirconium dichloride or is represented by formula II R″(IndR2R4)2MQ2  (II) wherein Ind is an unsubstituted or substituted indenyl or tetrahydroindenyl ring and R2and R4are substituents in positions 2 and 4 respectively; each R2and R4is the same or different and is a hydrocarbyl containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; R″ is a structural bridge between two Cp rings; M is a metal group 4 of the Periodic Table; each Q is independently a hydrocarbyl radical having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or halogen; and wherein the substituent in position 4 is a bulky substituent having 3 carbon atoms or more and the substituent in position 2 is a small substituent having 1 or 2 carbon atoms; c) depositing on the same, or another, support a second metallocene component in order to prepare a rubber phase, wherein the second metallocene catalyst component is Ph2C(3-SiMe3-cyclopentadienyl)(fluorenyl)zirconium dichloride; d) activating the loaded support(s) with an activating agent having an ionising action before or after steps b) and c); e) injecting the loaded and activated support(s) into the reactor; f) injecting propylene into the reactor; g) maintaining under polymerisation conditions; and h) retrieving an impact polymer of propylene devoid of ethylene comonomer.","label":"Catalyst","id":1293} +{"sentence":"Polymerization of vinyl chloride with hydroxycarboxylic acids, inhibitors and Fe ionsVinyl chloride or a monomer mixture containing it transported over a long distance or stored for a long period usually contains a polymerization inhibitor and Fe ions. If this kind of vinyl chloride or monomer mixture is polymerized, stirring torque during the polymerization increases, and heat removal by the cooling jacket of a polymerization vessel tends to become insufficient, making the polymer quality subject to bad influences. In the present invention, a hydroxycarboxylic acid compound is added to the polymerization mixture in an amount of 50-1000 ppm relative to the monomer or monomer mixture. As a result, an increase in stirring torque during polymerization is suppressed, and heat removal by the cooling jacket of the polymerization vessel can be performed effectively, making it possible to obtain vinyl chloride of good quality.1. A process for producing a vinyl chloride polymer, comprising the steps of: (A) charging raw materials comprising vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and a monomer or monomers copolymerizable with vinyl chloride and water into a polymerization vessel, said vinyl chloride or the monomer mixture containing at least 0.1 ppm of a polymerization inhibitor and at least 0.01 ppm of Fe ions, (B) polymerizing the vinyl chloride or the monomer mixture thus charged in an aqueous medium, and (C) adding a hydroxycarboxylic acid compound in an amount of 50 to 1000 ppm relative to the amount of the monomer or monomer mixture to the mixture containing the monomer or monomer mixture in the polymerization vessel, at at least one step of the steps (A) and (B) above.","label":"HouseConst","id":1294} +{"sentence":"Polyalkylene ethers as plasticizers and flow aids in poly(1,4-cyclohexanedimethylene terephthalate) resinsThis invention relates to a polyester composition comprising a blend of: (A) 99.5 to 75 weight % of a copolyester having an inherent viscosity of 0.1 to 1.2 dL\/g and having a melting point in excess of 250° C., comprising: (a) one or more dicarboxylic acids, and (b) a glycol component comprising at least 80 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; and (B) 0.5 to 25 weight % of one or more polyalkylene ethers, wherein the weight percentages of all components in said blend total 100 weight %.1. A polyester composition comprising a blend of: (A) 99.5 to 75 weight % of a copolyester having an inherent viscosity of 0.1 to 1.2 dL\/g and having a melting point in excess of 250° C., comprising: (a) one or more dicarboxylic acids, and (b) a glycol component comprising at least 80 mole % 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol; and (B) 0.5 to 25 weight % of one or more polyalkylene ethers, having the following formula: wherein, m is an integer from 1 to 3, inclusive, n is an integer from 4 to 250 inclusive, X is selected from one or more of the group consisting of CH3,C3H7,C2H5,and H, A is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aroyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and B is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aroyl of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and wherein the weight percentages of said copolyester and said one or more polyalkylene ethers equal 100 weight %.","label":"HouseConst","id":1295} +{"sentence":"Hydrogel composites and superporous hydrogel composites having fast swelling, high mechanical strength, and superabsorbent propertiesA superporous hydrogel composite is formed by polymerizing one or more ethylenically-unsaturated monomers, and a multiolefinic crosslinking agent, in the presence of particles of a disintegrant and a blowing agent. The disintegrant, which rapidly absorbs water, serves to greatly increase the mechanical strength of the superporous hydrogel and significantly shorten the time required to absorb water and swell. Superporous hydrogel composites prepared by this method have an average pore size in the range of 10 μm to 3,000 μm. Preferred particles of disintegrant include natural and synthetic charged polymers, such as crosslinked sodium carboxymethylcellulose, crosslinked sodium starch glycolate, and crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone. The blowing agent is preferably a compound that releases gas bubbles upon acidification, such as NaHCO3. Improved hydrogel composites formed without a blowing agent are also provided.1. A hydrogel composite comprising an interpenetrating network of a crosslinked polymer and particles of a disintegrant, wherein: said crosslinked polymer is formed from at least one ethylenically-unsaturated monomer and a multi-olefinic crosslinking agent; and said disintegrant is at least one of (i) a crosslinked natural or synthetic polyelectrolyte, (ii) a crosslinked neutral hydrophilic polymer, (iii) a non-crosslinked natural or synthetic polyelectrolyte having a particulate shape, (iv) a non-crosslinked neutral hydrophilic polymer having a particulate shape, or (v) a porous inorganic material that provides wicking by capillary forces.","label":"Household","id":1296} +{"sentence":"MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER\/COALESCENT IN POLYMERIC DISPERSIONSA unique monobenzoate useful as a plasticizer or coalescent for polymeric dispersions, including without limitation architectural and other coatings, paints, OEM coatings, special purpose coatings, overprint varnishes, inks, nail polish, floor polishes and the like. The monobenzoate comprises 3-phenyl propyl benzoate, a benzoate ester previously known as a flavoring and fragrance agent, but not previously utilized as a plasticizer or coalescent in polymeric applications. The inventive monobenzoate provides a suitable non-phthalate, lower VOC content alternative plasticizer or coalescent that is compatible with a wide variety of polymers. Depending on the application, the advantages rendered by the use of the inventive monobenzoate include, among other things, excellent solvating properties, viscosity stability, improved rheology, good film formation and comparable or better gloss, hardness, adhesion, water and alkali resistance, scrub and rub resistance, block resistance, color density, dry to touch time, open time, and MFFT, compared with that achieved by traditional plasticizers or coalescents.2 . A polymer-based coating composition comprising a plasticizer that is 3-phenyl propyl benzoate, wherein the 3-phenyl propyl benzoate imparts comparable or better film formation, gloss, hardness, water resistance, block resistance, and scrub resistance as compared to that obtained with a traditional plasticizer\/coalescent.","label":"HouseConst","id":1297} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing acrolein from glycerol or glycerineA method of preparing acrolein from glycerol or glycerine is disclosed. The method includes dehydrating glycerol or glycerine in the presence of a catalyst consisting of at least (a) a mixed oxide of zirconium and at least one metal, said metal being selected from niobium, tantalum and vanadium, or (b) a zirconium oxide and at least one metal oxide, the metal being selected from niobium, tantalum and vanadium, or (c) a silicon oxide and a mixed oxide of zirconium and at least one metal, the metal being selected from tungsten, cerium, manganese, niobium, tantalum, titanium, vanadium and silicon, or (d) a titanium oxide and a mixed oxide of zirconium and at least one metal, said metal being selected from tungsten, cerium, manganese, niobium, tantalum, titanium, vanadium and silicon.1. A method for preparing acrolein from glycerol or glycerine, where dehydration of the glycerol or glycerine is achieved in the presence of a catalyst based on zirconium oxide, the catalyst comprising: (a) a mixed oxide of zirconium and of at least one metal M, said metal being selected from niobium, tantalum and vanadium, or (b) a zirconium oxide and at least one metal M oxide, said metal being selected from niobium, tantalum and vanadium, or (c) a silicon oxide, a mixed oxide of zirconium and of at least two metals M, said metals being selected from tungsten, cerium, manganese, niobium, tantalum, titanium, and vanadium, or (d) a titanium oxide, a mixed oxide of zirconium and of at least one metal M, said metal being selected from tungsten, cerium, manganese, niobium, tantalum, titanium, vanadium and silicon, and wherein all of said oxides are obtained by calcination.","label":"Catalyst","id":1298} +{"sentence":"RADIATION STABILIZED PVC COMPOSITIONS, AND METHOD OF MAKING SAMEDisclosed are PVC compositions with enhanced color resistance to electromagnetic irradiation & shelf life color stability; gamma-irradiated PVC articles; methods of making the gamma-irradiated PVC articles; and compositions including PVC resins for making the gamma-irradiated PVC articles.1 . A polyvinyl chloride (PVC) article, comprising: a gamma-irradiated PVC article comprising a mixture of a PVC resin; a primary plasticizer present in an amount of about 30 to about 60 parts per hundred parts resin (phr); and a metal-carboxylate acid scavenger present in an amount of about 0.01 to about 0.5 phr.","label":"HouseConst","id":1299} +{"sentence":"Process for control of polymer fines in a gas-phase polymerizationA gas phase polymerization process comprising: (1) preparing a solution of a catalyst precursor comprising a mixture of magnesium and titanium compounds, an electron donor and a solvent; (2) adding a filler to the solution from step (1) to form a slurry; (3) spray drying the slurry from step (2) at a temperature of 100 to 140° C. to form a spray dried precursor, (4) slurring the spray dried precursor from step (3) in mineral oil, (5) partially or fully pre-activating the catalyst precursor by contacting the slurry of (4) with one or more Lewis Acids, and (6) transferring the partially or fully activated precursor from step (5) into a gas phase reactor in which an olefin polymerization reaction is in progress.1. A gas phase olefin polymerization process comprising: (1) preparing a solution of a catalyst precursor comprising a mixture of magnesium and titanium compounds, an electron donor and a solvent; (2) adding a filler to the solution from step (1) to form a slurry; (3) spray drying the slurry from step (2) at a temperature of 100 to 140° C. to form a spray dried precursor; (4) slurrying the spray dried precursor from step (3) in mineral oil, (5) partially pre-activating the catalyst precursor by contacting the slurry of step (4) with one or more Lewis Acids employing one or more in-line static mixers, wherein the molar ratio of the Lewis Acid tote electron donor in the catalyst precursor is about 0.1:1 to about 0.3:1; and (6) transferring the partially pre-activated catalyst precursor from step (5) under plug-flow conditions into a gas phase, olefin polymerization reactor, and adding an additional amount of the activator to the reactor in an amount sufficient to produce a homogeneous activated catalyst mixture, wherein the molar ratio of the Lewis Acid to the electron donor after the additional amount of activator is added is about 2:1 to about 50:1, and wherein the catalyst is partially pre-activated in step (5) for a short residence time to minimize deactivation of the catalyst of about 1 minute to about 6 hours prior to the transferring step (6).","label":"HouseConst","id":1300} +{"sentence":"Catalyst useful for oxidation of alkanes[00001] A catalyst useful for the gas phase oxidation of alkanes to unsaturated aldehydes or carboxylic acids is disclosed. Processes for preparing the catalyst and using the catalyst to convert alkanes to unsaturated aldehydes or carboxylic acids are also disclosed.1. A process for preparing an unsaturated compound selected from the group consisting of unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated carboxylic acids, said process comprising the step of: subjecting an alkane to catalytic oxidation in the presence of a catalyst comprising a mixed metal oxide of the formula AaMmNnXxOo and least one acid selected from the group consisting of (i) heteropolyacids, (ii) aluminas, iii) zirconias, (iv) titanias, (v) zeolites, and acid combinations thereof; wherein 0.251481−1629(d). Such interpolymer can also be characterized by other properties. The fibers made therefrom have a relatively high elastic recovery and a relatively low coefficient of friction. The fibers can be cross-linked, if desired. Woven or non-woven fabrics, such as spunbond, melt blown and spun-laced fabrics or webs can be made from such fibers.1 . A nonwoven fabric comprising bicomponent fiber comprising at least one ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is present in a portion of the fiber other than a surface and is characterized by one or more of the following properties: (a) a Mw\/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship: Tm>−6553.3+13735(d)−7051.7(d)2; or (b) a Mw\/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, and a heat of fusion, ΔH I in J\/g, and a delta quantity, ΔT, in degrees Celsius defined as the temperature difference between the tallest DSC peak and the tallest CRYSTAF peak, wherein the numerical values of ΔT and ΔH have the following relationships: ΔT>−0.1299(ΔH)+62.81 for ΔH greater than zero and up to 130 J\/g, ΔT≧48° C. for ΔH greater than 130 J\/g, wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer, and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.; or (c) an elastic recovery, Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, and a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Re and d satisfy the following relationship when the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is substantially free of a cross-linked phase: Re>1481−1629(d); or (d) a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a molar comonomer content of at least 5 percent higher than that of a comparable random ethylene interpolymer fraction eluting between the same temperatures, wherein said comparable random ethylene interpolymer comprises the same comonomer(s) and has a melt index, density, and molar comonomer content (based on the whole polymer) within 10 percent of that of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer; or (e) having a storage modulus at 25° C., G′ (25° C.), and a storage modulus at 100° C., G′(100° C.), wherein the ratio of G′ (25° C.) to G′ (100° C.) is from about 1:1 to about 10:1; or (f) having at least one molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a block index of at least 0.5 and up to about 1 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.3; or (g) having an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.3.","label":"Construct","id":1323} +{"sentence":"PlasticiserThe liquid volume resistivity of plasticiser esters is improved by purifying the ester with an adsorbent having a pH in the range 6 to 11. It is preferable to use a mixture of a filtration aid and an adsorbent. A plasticiser having a desirable combination of high liquid volume resistivity, low amount of light ends and low carbonyl number is obtained.1 . A di-alkyl phthalate characterised by a carbonyl number below 0.2 mg KOH\/g, a light ends content of less than 1000 ppm wt, and a liquid volume resistivity (LVR) that is: i) greater than 0.3×1012ohm·cm in the case where di-alkyl is di-2-ethyl hexyl; ii) greater than 0.6×1012ohm·cm in the case where di-alkyl is di-isononyl; and iii) greater than 1.35×1012ohm·cm in the case where di-alkyl is di-isodecyl.","label":"HouseConst","id":1324} +{"sentence":"METAL OXIDE DISPERSIONA metal oxide particulate dispersion comprising, oil and metal oxide particles having an average particle size of 35 microns or less, wherein the dispersion includes less than 10% by weight water and water-miscible solvent, based on the total weight of the dispersion.1 . A metal oxide particulate dispersion comprising, oil and metal oxide particles having an average particle size of 35 microns or less, wherein the dispersion includes less than 10% by weight water and water miscible solvent, based on the total weight of the dispersion.","label":"IndustConst","id":1325} +{"sentence":"Fungicide formulations for plasticized PVCThe invention relates to stable compositions for providing PVC with fungicidal properties. Said stable compositions contain at least one thiabendazole as an active substance, at least one plasticizer for PVC, at least one thixotropic agent, and, optionally, other fungicidal agents. The invention also relates to methods for producing said formulations and the uses thereof for preventing PVC from being infested and destroyed by microorganisms. The invention further relates to mildew-resistant PVC materials provided with the compositions of the invention.1. A fungicidal composition for anti-fungal growth in polymers, the fungicidal composition comprising: a fungicide for inhibiting growth of fungi in polymers, the fungicide comprising thiabendazole, salts of thiabendazole or acid addition compounds of thiabendazole; a plasticizer; and a thixotropic agent.","label":"HouseConst","id":1326} +{"sentence":"PLASTICIZER COMPOSITIONA plasticizer composition comprising (a) at least one compound of the general formula (I), in which R1a, R1band R1care each independently C3 to C5-alkyl (b) at least one compound of the general formula (II), in which R2aand R2bare each independently C8-alkyl.17 . A plasticizer composition comprising (a) at least one compound of the general formula (I), in which R1a, R1band R1care each independently n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, n-pentyl, 2-methylbutyl or 3-methylbutyl, and (b) at least one compound of the general formula (II), in which R2aand R2bare each independently C8-alkyl.","label":"HouseConst","id":1327} +{"sentence":"PLASTICIZER FOR PROTECTIVE FILMSProtective films for plasma displays, spectacles or especially polarizers (for example based on cellulose triacetate) including particular plasticizers as a constituent of imaging devices of liquid-crystal type or of spectacles, their production and use, and liquid-crystal display devices and film polarizers producible with them, and also further subject matter of the invention specified in the description, are particularly suitable for thin films and have advantageous properties, for example low water vapor permeability. The plasticizers used are one or more of the formula (I) in which the radicals are each as defined in the rest of the disclosure and are branched-chain alkyl radicals having 9 or 10 carbon atoms, and advantageously one or more further plasticizers.1 . Protective film(s) for lenses of glasses, plasma displays, or especially polarizers with plasticizers as a component of imaging devices of liquid-crystal type or of glasses, the protective film(s) comprises at least one plasticizer of the formula I wherein the ring designated with R is a cyclohexane or a benzene ring and A and B each are linear alkyl radicals with 7 to 8 carbon atoms independent of each other that are substituted by a methyl, ethyl, or n-propyl radical such that A or B are branched hydrocarbon chains with the requirement that each of the radicals A and B each has a total of 9 or 10 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":1328} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent Polymers Having Superior Gel Integrity, Absorption Capacity, and PermeabilitySuperabsorbent polymer particles having superior gel integrity, absorption capacity, and permeability are disclosed. A method of producing the superabsorbent polymer particles by applying a polyamine coating to the particles also is disclosed.1 . Superabsorbent polymer particles having a centrifuge retention capacity of at least about 25 g\/g, a free swell gel bed permeability of at least 200 Darcies, and a gel integrity of at least 2.","label":"Household","id":1329} +{"sentence":"Functional coupling agents and polymers prepared therewithA polymer including a functional group, where the polymer is defined by the formula where R1is a monovalent organic group, each R2is independently a monovalent organic group, R3is a divalent organic group, R4is a bond, a divalent organic group, or a divalent organic group including a functional group, π is a polymer chain, m is an integer from 1 to about 25, and n is an integer from 1 to 4.1. A polymer including a functional group, where the polymer is defined by the formula where R1is a monovalent organic group, each R2is independently a monovalent organic group, R3is a divalent organic group, R4is a bond, a divalent organic group, or a divalent organic group including a functional group, π is an anionically-polymerized unsaturated polymer chain, m is an integer from 1 to about 25, and n is an integer from 3 to 4.","label":"Automobile","id":1330} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing bimodal or multimodal polymers of conjugated dienesA process of preparing a bimodal or multimodal homopolymer of a conjugated diene or a bimodal or multimodal copolymer of a conjugated diene with another conjugated diene or with a vinyl aromatic compound consists in polymerizing the monomer(s) in a reaction medium at a temperature of between 20° C. and 200° C. in the presence of a catalyst system comprising an organolithium initiator, a barium, strontium or calcium compound, and an organometallic compound of a metal of group 2B or 3A of the periodic classification of elements of the Mendeleev Table, and adding to the reaction medium during the course of the polymerization reaction a compound of a transition metal of groups 1B to 7B and 8 or a magnesium compound of the general formula Mg(A)2.1. A process of preparing a bimodal or multimodal homopolymer of a conjugated diene or a bimodal or multimodal copolymer of a conjugated diene with another conjugated diene or with a vinyl aromatic compound, consisting in polymerizing the monomer(s) in a reaction medium at a temperature of between 20° C. and 200° C. in the presence of a catalyst system comprising an organolithium initiator, a barium, strontium or calcium compound, and an organometallic compound of a metal of group 2B or 3A of the periodic classification of elements of the Mendeleev Table, characterized by adding to the reaction medium during the course of the polymerization reaction, as a modifying agent which is not a polymerization initiator, a compound of a transition metal of groups 1B to 7B and 8 of the periodic classification of the elements of the Mendeleev Table or a magnesium compound of the general formula MG (A)2in which A represents an alkyl radical having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms or an alcoholate, phenate, beta-diketonate or carboxylate radical.","label":"Automobile","id":1331} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with heterocyclic nitrile compoundsA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of preparing a reactive polymer and reacting the reactive polymer with a heterocyclic nitrile compound.1. A method for preparing a functionalized cis-1,4-polydiene polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) preparing a polymer having a cis-1,4-linkage content that is greater than 60% and a reactive chain end by polymerizing conjugated diene monomer and optionally monomer copolymerizable therewith a lanthanide-based catalyst system; and (ii) reacting the reactive chain end of the polymer with a heterocyclic nitrile compound.","label":"Automobile","id":1332} +{"sentence":"Plasticised polyvinyl chlorideEsters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids are used as plasticisers for polyvinyl chloride to enable products with comparable mechanical properties to be obtained using less polyvinyl chloride. Use of these esters also produces formulations with increased stability to ultra-violet light, improved low temperature properties, lower viscosity and improved processability as well as reduced smoke on burning. The esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may be used alone or in admixture with other plasticisers when the esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may act as viscosity depressants. Fast fusing plasticisers may also be included. The formulations are particularly useful in the production of a range of goods from semi-rigid to highly flexible materials and are particularly useful in the production of medical materials such as blood bags and tubing.1. An article comprising wire or cable and a coating, said coating comprising PVC and a plasticizer comprising from 30 to 60 wt % based upon the total weight of the plasticizer of a di-isononyl cyclohexanoate ester.","label":"HouseConst","id":1333} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with nitrile compounds containing a protected amino groupA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of (i) polymerizing monomer with a coordination catalyst to form a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a nitrile compound containing a protected amino group.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer with a coordination catalyst to form a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a nitrile compound containing a protected amino group.","label":"Automobile","id":1334} +{"sentence":"Process for Producing Surface Crosslinked SuperabsorbentsSurface-crosslinked superabsorbents are produced using a process that comprises the steps of contacting a superabsorbent base polymer with a polyvalent metal salt solution produced by dissolving at least two different polyvalent metal salts, at least one of which comprises a chelate-forming anion, and heat-treating to produce a surface-crosslinked superabsorbent.1 . A process for producing a surface-crosslinked superabsorbent comprising contacting a superabsorbent base polymer with an polyvalent metal salt solution produced by dissolving at least two different polyvalent metal salts, at least one of which comprises a chelate-forming anion, and heat-treating to produce a surface-crosslinked superabsorbent.","label":"Household","id":1335} +{"sentence":"Washing and removal method of high molecular substancesMethod of adding water and a hydroxide of an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal to a washing solvent such as an alkylamide and\/or alkylsulfoxide when washing and removing high molecular substances stuck on the interior of a production apparatus or molding machine for an aromatic vinyl-acrylonitrile copolymer. A method for regenerating and recovering the washing solvent used for the above-mentioned washing and removal by means of an evaporator and distillation tower.1. Method for washing and removing high molecular substances stuck on the interior of a production apparatus upon producing an aromatic vinyl-acrylonitrile copolymer containing 5 to 33 weight percent acrylonitrile, comprising washing and removing said stuck high molecular substances from the interior of said production apparatus by using one or more solvents selected from the group consisting of an alkylamide and an alkylsulfoxide, which method comprises using, together with said one or more solvents, a mixture containing from 1.0×10-4to 1.0 gram equivalent of at least one hydroxide having the formula: [Equation] M(OH)n (I) wherein n is an integer of 1 or 2, and M is an alkali metal when n is 1 or an alkaline earth metal when n is 2, per liter of said one or more solvents, and 0.03 to 3.0 weight percent of water based on the amount of one or more solvents.","label":"Process","id":1336} +{"sentence":"Chlorinated vinyl resin\/cellulosic blends: composition, processes, composites, and articles therefromCompositions and processes for preparing extrudable powder blends containing at least one vinyl chloride resin and a cellulosic material are provided. More specifically, compositions and processes for preparing extrudable free-flowing powder blends containing PVC and wood flour (WF) are also provided for preparing foamed or nonfoamed extrudates. The processes provided herein incorporate components which may contain up to a total of 25 weight percent water. Processes for preparing foamed extrudates are also provided wherein a cooling fluid is used to increase the expansion ratio of the foam. Finally provided are composites having an extrudable thermoplastic substrate and at least one capstock layer disposed thereon containing a PVC\/WF composition.1. An extrudable powder blend composition comprising: (a) from 30 to 65 weight percent of at least one chlorinated vinyl resin; (b) from 0.25 to 5 weight percent of at least one thermal stabilizer; (c) from 1.5 to 5 weight percent of at least one lubricant; (d) from 3.5 to 15 weight percent of at least one high molecular weight polymer processing aid; and (e) from 24 to 65 weight percent of at least one cellulosic material, based upon the total weight of the powder blend.","label":"IndustConst","id":1337} +{"sentence":"Catalytic system and process for the preparation of elastomers by means of this system[00001] The present invention provides a catalytic system that can be used to prepare by polymerization diene elastomers comprising polyisoprenes and polybutadienes. The invention also provides a process for the preparation of the catalytic system and to a process using the catalytic system to prepare diene elastomers comprising polyisoprenes having a high cis-1,4 linkage content and polybutadienes. The catalytic system according to the invention is based on (a) a conjugated diene monomer, (b) an organic phosphoric acid salt of a rare earth metal, (c) an alkylating agent consisting of an alkylaluminium of the formula AlR3 or HAlR2, and (d) a halogen donor consisting of an alkylaluminium halide, and is such that said salt is suspended in at least one inert and saturated aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent and, the \"alkylating agent:rare earth salt\" molar ratio ranges from 1 to 5.1. A catalytic system for preparation by polymerization of diene elastomers comprising polyisoprenes and polybutadienes, said system being based on: a) a conjugated diene monomer, b) an organic phosphoric acid salt of a rare earth metal, c) an alkylating agent consisting of an alkylaluminium of the formula AlR3 or HAlR2, and d) a halogen donor consisting of an alkylaluminium halide, wherein said salt is suspended in at least one inert and saturated aliphatic or alicyclic hydrocarbon solvent and the alkylating agent:rare earth salt molar ratio ranges from 1 to 5.","label":"Automobile","id":1338} +{"sentence":"Polymeric Materials Modified By SilanesThis invention relates to a process for modifying a polymeric material having a carbon backbone containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturation by reaction with a hydrolysable silane. The polymeric material can for example be a diene elastomer, and the invention relates to a composition comprising a diene elastomer, a hydrolysable silane and a curing agent for the diene elastomer, and also to the use of a hydrolysable silane as a coupling agent for a diene elastomer composition containing a filler.1 . A process for modifying a polymeric material having a carbon backbone containing carbon-to-carbon unsaturation by reaction with a hydrolysable silane, characterised in that the hydrolysable silane is selected from a silane of the formula (1) wherein each R represents a hydrolysable group; each R″ represents a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; n=1 to 3; Y represents a divalent organic spacer linkage having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; X represents —O— or —NH—; m=0 or 1; R2represents hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; Z represents an oxygen or sulphur atom; R3represents a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and R1represents a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms other than a group of the formula R3—Z—CH(R2)— as defined above or a silane of formula (2) G-OC(O)-(Az)-J wherein G and J each represent a hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 40 carbon atoms, at least one of G and J being a group of the formula RaR″3-aSi-A in which R represents a hydrolysable group; R″ represents a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; a has a value in the range 1 to 3 inclusive; Az represents an aziridine ring bonded to the group J through its nitrogen atom; and A represents a divalent organic spacer linkage having at least one carbon atom or a mixture thereof.","label":"Automobile","id":1339} +{"sentence":"Functionalized polymer blends for improved wearA tire tread formed at least in part from a rubber composition that is based upon a cross-linkable rubber composition that may include between 50 phr and 90 phr of a first highly unsaturated elastomer being middle chain functionalized with an aminoalkoxysilane group and having a Tg of between −108° C. and −45° C. and between 10 phr and 50 phr of a second highly unsaturated elastomer being end-chain functionalized with a silanol group and having a Tg of between −108° C. and −10° C. The rubber composition may further include between 50 phr and 150 phr of a silica filler and a plasticizing system comprising between 5 phr and 120 phr of a plasticizing resin having a Tg of at least 25° C. and between 0 phr and 60 phr of a plasticizing liquid.1. A tread for a tire, the tread comprising a rubber composition that is based upon a cross-linkable rubber composition, the cross-linkable rubber composition comprising, per 100 parts by weight of rubber (phr): between 50 phr and 90 phr of a first highly unsaturated elastomer being middle chain functionalized with an aminoalkoxysilane group and having a Tg of between −108° C. and −80° C.; between 10 phr and 50 phr of a second highly unsaturated elastomer being end-chain functionalized with a silanol group and having a Tg of between −60° C. and −15° C.; between 50 phr and 150 phr of a silica filler; a plasticizing system comprising between 5 phr and 120 phr of a plasticizing resin having a Tg of at least 25° C. and between 0 phr and 60 phr of a plasticizing liquid; and a curing system.","label":"Automobile","id":1340} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles with low caking tendency and high absorption under pressureA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles with low caking tendency and high absorption under pressure, comprising polymerization of a monomer solution or suspension, drying of the resulting polymer gel, grinding, classifying, thermal surface postcrosslinking and coating with silicon dioxide, wherein the water-absorbing polymer particles have been coated, before, during or after the surface postcrosslinking with aluminum cations.1. Water-absorbing polymer particles comprising crosslinked polymers bearing acid groups which have been neutralized to an extent of 70 to 85 mol %, comprising 0.0001 to 0.25% by weight of silicon dioxide and at least 1.5×10−6mol\/g of aluminum cations.","label":"Household","id":1341} +{"sentence":"Production method for water-absorbing resinIn obtaining a water-absorbing resin with high property in high productivity, produced a production method for a water-absorbing resin in high property and stably. Provided is a production method for a water-absorbing resin, comprising: a step for polymerizing an acrylic acid aqueous solution; a step for drying the resultant water-containing gel; a step for pulverizing and classifying the dried substance; and a step for surface cross-linking after classification, wherein a hopper having an inclination angle of a cone part of equal to or larger than 45 degree, and a drawing rate of 30 to 80% is used.1. A production method for a water-absorbing resin, comprising: polymerizing an acrylic acid aqueous solution to obtain a water-containing gel; drying the water-containing gel to obtain a dried substance; pulverizing and classifying the dried substance to obtain a powder substance; and surface cross-linking of the powder substance, wherein including and subsequent to the drying step, after storing the dried substance or the powder substance in a hopper having an inclination angle of a cone part of 65-85 degree, and a drawing rate of 30 to 80%, at least one or more places, the dried substance or the powder substance is discharged.","label":"Household","id":1342} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for oxidation of isobutyleneA catalyst for oxidation of isobutylene which has a composition of the general formula [Equation] MoaBibFecCodNiePfPbgXhOi wherein X is at least one alkali metal element selected from K, Rb and Cs; a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h respectively represent the number of Mo, Bi, Fe, Co, Ni, P, Pb and X atoms, and when a is 12, b is 0.1-10, c is 9-20, d is 0-12, e is 0-12 with the proviso that the sum of d and e is 0.5-15, f is 0.1-5, g is 0.05-8 and h is 0.01-5; and i is the number of oxygen atoms which satisfies the atomic valences of the other elements.1. A process for preparing methacrolein which comprises oxidizing isobutylene with molecular oxygen in the vapor phase at a temperature of 250° to 700° C. in the presence of a catalyst which has a composition of the formula [Equation] MoaBibFecCodNiePfPbgXhOi wherein X is at least one alkali metal element selected from the group consisting of K, Rb and Cs; a, b, c, d, e, f, g and h respectively represent the number of Mo, Bi, Fe, Co, Ni, P, Pb and X atoms, and a is 12, b is 0.1-10, c is 9-20, d is 0-12, e is 0-12 with the proviso that the sum of d and e is 0.5-15, f is 0.1-5, g is 0.05-8 and h is 0.01-5; and i is the number of oxygen atoms which satisfies the atomic valences of the other elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":1343} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of an aldehydeProcess for the preparation of an aldehyde through hydroformylation of an unsaturated organic compound in the presence of a catalyst system comprising rhodium of iridium and a multidentate organic phosphite ligand, wherein a monodentate phosphine is present. The process according to the invention can advantageously be carried out for the preparation of methyl-5-formylvalerate, which is an intermediate product in the preparation of a caprolactam or adipic acid, which are in turn raw materials for the preparation of nylon-6 and nylon-6,6, respectively.1. A process for the preparation of an aldehyde through hydroformylation of an unsaturated organic compound in the presence of a catalyst system comprising rhodium or iridium and a multidentate organic phosphite ligand and a monodentate phosphine is present.","label":"Catalyst","id":1344} +{"sentence":"Method For Producing Polymers By Dispersion PolymerizationProcess for producing polymers by spray polymerization wherein the aqueous monomer solution comprises from 0.01% to 0.2% by weight, based on the monomer, of at least one crosslinker, the use of the polymers for thickening liquids and also apparatus for producing polymers by spray polymerization.1 . A process for producing a polymer by spray polymerization of a monomer solution comprising a) at least one water soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer, b) from 0.01% to 0.2% by weight, based on the monomer a), of a crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, and d) water, wherein the polymerization is carried out at 70° C. to 250° C. in the presence of an inert carrier gas which is preheated to a reaction temperature upstream of reactor having a reaction space, and the carrier gas is at least partly recycled into the reaction space after one pass.","label":"Household","id":1345} +{"sentence":"Stable concentrated rare earth carboxylate liquidsStable Rare Earth carboxylate liquids having high concentrations of Rare Earths and suitable for use in forming active Ziegler Natta catalysts, are prepared with stabilizing agents such as water and\/or acid. The liquids comprise from about 4.5% to about 20% Rare Earth element(s). A novel process for making is disclosed.1. A Rare Earth carboxylate liquid composition comprising: i) a Rare Earth carboxylate, ii) water, and iii) organic solvent; wherein the molar ratio of water to Rare Earth element is less than or equal to about 6 and from about 10% to about 20%, by weight of the composition, comprises the Rare Earth element.","label":"Automobile","id":1346} +{"sentence":"Resin composition and resin sheetThe present invention provides a resin composition comprising 50 to 99 percent by weight of a completely amorphous polyester resin (A), and 1 to 50 percent by weight of a graft copolymer (B) obtained by graft-polymerizing a methacrylic acid ester and a vinyl aromatic compound with conjugated diene rubber particles and\/or a graft copolymer (C) obtained by graft-polymerizing a methacrylic acid ester and a vinyl aromatic compound with acrylic rubber particles. According to the present invention, a resin composition and a resin sheet specifically suitable for membrane pressing, vacuum pressing, air pressing, and the like are provided, in which the resin composition and the resin sheet have superior properties, such as workability, moldability, impact resistance, transparency, and the like. In addition, plate-out is not significantly observed and whitening during embossing and heat-sealing is unlikely to occur.1. A resin composition comprising 50 to 99 percent by weight of a completely amorphous polyester resin (A) and 1 to 50 percent by weight of a graft copolymer (B) obtained by graft-polymerizing a methacrylic acid ester and a vinyl aromatic compound with conjugated diene rubber particles.","label":"Automobile","id":1347} +{"sentence":"Plasticised polyvinyl chloride and processes for making the sameEsters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids are used as plasticisers for polyvinyl chloride to enable products with comparable mechanical properties to be obtained using less polyvinyl chloride. Use of these esters also produces formulations with increased stability to ultra-violet light, improved low temperature properties, lower viscosity and improved processability as well as reduced smoke on burning. The esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may be used alone or in admixture with other plasticisers when the esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may act as viscosity depressants. Fast fusing plasticisers may also be included. The formulations and processes of making these formulations are particularly useful in the production of a range of goods from semi-rigid to highly flexible materials and are particularly useful in the production of medical materials, toys, and food contact articles.1. A process for producing a composition comprising the product of contacting: (a) a polyvinyl chloride material, and (b) a blend comprising a cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester or a mixture of cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid esters and at least one other plasticiser; wherein the composition comprises from 20 to 200 parts of the cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester and the at least one other plasticiser, per 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride material (parts being by weight); and wherein the blend comprises from 90 wt % to 10 wt % of the cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester or the mixture of cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid esters and from 10 wt % to 90 wt % of the at least one other plasticiser, based upon the total weight of the plasticiser present to produce the composition.","label":"HouseConst","id":1348} +{"sentence":"Oxidative dehydrogenation process with hydrocarbon moderator gas and reduced nitrogen feedOxidative dehydrogenation includes: (a) providing a gaseous feed stream to a catalytic reactor, the feed stream comprising a dehydrogenation reactant, oxygen, superheated steam, hydrocarbon moderator gas and optionally nitrogen, wherein the molar ratio of moderator gas to oxygen in feed stream is typically from 4:1 to 1:1 and the molar ratio of oxygen to nitrogen in the feed stream is at least 2; (b) oxidatively dehydrogenating the reactant in the reactor to provide a dehydrogenated product enriched effluent product stream; and (c) recovering dehydrogenated product from the effluent product stream. One preferred embodiment is a process for making butadiene including dimerizing ethylene to n-butene in a homogeneous reaction medium to provide a hydrocarbonaceous n-butene rich feed stream and oxidatively dehydrogenating the n-butene so formed.1. A method of oxidatively dehydrogenating a dehydrogenation reactant comprising: (a) providing a gaseous feed stream to a catalytic reactor, the feed stream comprising a dehydrogenation reactant, oxygen, superheated steam and a hydrocarbon moderator gas, wherein hydrocarbon moderator gas is added to the dehydrogenation reactant to adjust the amount of moderator gas in the gaseous feed stream; and wherein the molar ratio of hydrocarbon moderator gas to oxygen in the feed stream is from 50:1 to 0.5:1; (b) oxidatively dehydrogenating the dehydrogenation reactant in the reactor to generate an effluent product stream enriched in a dehydrogenated product derived from said dehydrogenation reactant; and (c) recovering said dehydrogenated product from the effluent product stream.","label":"Process","id":1349} +{"sentence":"Gas-phase catalytic oxidation process and process for producing (meth) acrolein or (meth) acrylic acid(1) In a gas-phase catalytic oxidation process for conducting gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction using a fixed bed multipipe type reactor having reaction tubes filled with a catalyst while feeding a reaction raw gas thereinto, the catalyst is filled in each of the reaction tubes of the fixed bed multipipe type reactor to form two or more catalyst layers having different catalytic activities from each other in a direction of the oxidation reaction, and the catalyst layer disposed nearest to a reaction raw gas inlet of the reaction tube has a higher catalytic activity than that of the next catalyst layer adjacent thereto, or (2) in a process for producing (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid by subjecting a raw material of the (meth)acrolein or (meth)acrylic acid, and molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas to gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction using a fixed bed multipipe type reactor having two or more catalyst layers in an axial direction of each of reaction tubes provided in the reactor, a difference between maximum and minimum reaction peak temperatures of the respective catalyst layers in the axial direction of the reaction tube is not more than 20° C. According to these processes, formation of hot spots in the catalyst can be efficiently prevented.1 . A gas-phase catalytic oxidation process for conducting gas-phase catalytic oxidation reaction using a fixed bed multipipe type reactor having reaction tubes each filled with a catalyst while feeding a reaction raw gas thereinto, the catalyst being filled in each of the reaction tubes of the fixed bed multipipe type reactor to form two or more catalyst layers having different catalytic activities from each other in a direction of the oxidation reaction, and the catalyst layer disposed nearest to a reaction raw gas inlet of the reaction tube having a higher catalytic activity than that of the next catalyst layer adjacent thereto.","label":"Process","id":1350} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization processA slurry process for polymerizing ethylene is disclosed. The process comprises polymerizing ethylene in the presence of an α-olefin, hydrogen, and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported, dimethylsilyl-bridged bis(indenoindolyl)zirconium complex. The process has high catalyst activity and produces polyethylene having a broad molecular weight distribution.1. A slurry process which comprises polymerizing ethylene at a temperature within the range of about 40° C. to about 90° C. in the presence of a C3-C10 α-olefin, hydrogen, and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported, dimethylsilyl-bridged bis(indeno-indolyl)zirconium complex to produce polyethylene with broad molecular weight distribution as indicated by a Mw\/Mn greater than 12, wherein the catalyst has an activity ratio as defined herein greater than 4.","label":"HouseConst","id":1351} +{"sentence":"Process for production of azo macroinitiators for the synthesis of block copolymers and of aqueous block copolymer dispersions and emulsions and the use thereofThe invention concerns a process for the production of block copolymers or aqueous dispersions and emulsions thereof, whereby azo macroinitiators are reacted with radical-polymerizable monomers or a mixture of several radical-polymerizable monomers. The azo macroinitiators are obtained by reacting simple reactive azo compounds with prepolymers with a molecular weight between 400 and 20000, which possess at least 2 functional groups, e.g. polyurethanes or polyesters. The aqueous block copolymer dispersions and emulsions produced according to the invention are suitable for use for the production of paints, adhesives etc.1. An aqueous block copolymer emulsion having a solids content between 10 and 90 weight percent and having been prepared by heating an emulsified mixture of at least one vinyl monomer and an azo-macro-initiator in water, said azo-macro-initiator having a number average molecular weight between 1,500 and 60,000, being insoluble in water and soluble in said at least one vinyl monomer, and having been prepared by reaction of at least one prepolymer having isocyanate-reactive end groups, said prepolymer being selected from the group consisting of polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polymethacrylates, polyesters, polybutadienes, aminopropyldimethylpolysiloxanes, polydimethylsiloxanecarbinols, polyethers, polyepoxides, polylactones, polycarbonates and polyamides, with an azodiisocyanate prepared by reaction of a diisocyanate and a thermally decomposable azo-initiator containing at least 2 hydroxy groups.","label":"IndustConst","id":1352} +{"sentence":"Method for the reactive vaporization of glycerolThe subject of the present invention is a method for the reactive vaporization of aqueous solutions of glycerol in a fluidized bed containing a reactive solid. The method of the invention makes it possible to simultaneously vaporize an aqueous solution of glycerol, to remove the impurities that are present in this solution or that are generated during the evaporation, and to carry out the dehydration reaction of the glycerol to acrolein and\/or the oxydehydration reaction of the glycerol to acrylic acid.1. A process for preparing acrolein and\/or acrylic acid from an aqueous solution of glycerol comprising: maintaining a fluidized bed comprising a reactive solid at a temperature ranging from 180° C. to 400° C., wherein the reactive solid comprises a dehydration catalyst adapted to dehydrate the glycerol to acrolein and\/or to oxydehydrate the glycerol to acrylic acid; injecting the aqueous glycerol solution directly into the fluidized bed to simultaneously vaporize the solution and react the glycerol on the reactive solid to produce the acrolein and\/or acrylic acid; and purifying the acrolein and\/or acrylic acid by absorption of by-products.","label":"Catalyst","id":1353} +{"sentence":"Tree resistant insulation compositionsInsulation compositions for electric power cables having a polyolefin base polymer and an additive comprising either low molecular weight wax or polyethylene glycol (PEG) and optionally further comprising one or more hindered amine light stabilizers, amine antioxidants and other antioxidant blends are disclosed. Also disclosed are insulation compositions comprising a C2 to C8 alpha olefin in combination with a polyethylene homopolymer together with, optionally, one or more hindered amine light stabilizer and a liquid cresol antioxidant.1. A process for making an electric cable having an insulation composition comprising: (a) a base polymer comprising polyolefin; and (b) an additive comprising a blend of: (i) at least one amine antioxidant, and (ii) at least one hindered amine light stabilizer, and (iii) polyethylene glycol; the process comprising: forming a masterbatch of the additives and a first amount of the polyolefin; adding the masterbatch to a second amount of polyolefin at a cable making extruder; and adding peroxide at the cable making extruder at a temperature less than the decomposition temperature of the peroxide.","label":"HouseConst","id":1354} +{"sentence":"POLYVINYL CHLORIDE RESIN COMPOSITIONPURPOSE: The present invention provides a polyvinyl chloride resin composition which is superior in heat stability and processability and has less elution from the composition. CONSTITUTION: A polyvinyl chloride resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl chloride resin, 10 to 120 parts by weight of di(2-ethylhexyl)teraphthalate, and 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of epoxidized vegetable oil having a peroxide number of 5 or less.1 . A polyvinyl chloride resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of a polyvinyl chloride resin, 10 to 120 parts by weight of di(2-ethylhexyl)terephthalate, and 0.5 to 20 parts by weight of epoxidized vegetable oil haying a peroxide number of 5 or less.","label":"HouseConst","id":1355} +{"sentence":"BUTANOL RECOVERY PROCESSThe present invention provides an improved process for recovering butanol from a mixture comprising water, methanol, propanol, butanol and optionally other organic compounds. More particularly, the invention relates to a process for recovering butanol as an essentially pure product from a mixture comprising water, methanol, propanol, butanol and other organic compounds.1 . A process for recovering butanol from a mixture comprising water, methanol, propanol, butanol and optionally other organic compounds comprising the steps of: a) feeding a mixture comprising water, methanol, propanol, butanol and optionally other organic compounds to a first distillation column maintained at controlled conditions via a side inlet whereby a bottom fraction stream of the first distillation column comprises water, and a top fraction stream of the first distillation column comprises methanol, propanol, butanol, remaining water and other organic compounds, b) optionally feeding the top fraction stream of step a) to a first phase separator, whereby a bottom stream of the first phase separator comprises water, and a top stream of the first phase separator comprises methanol, propanol, butanol, remaining water and other organic compounds, c) feeding the top fraction stream of step a) or top stream of step b) to a second distillation column maintained at controlled conditions via a side inlet, whereby a side fraction stream of the second distillation column comprises propanol, butanol, water and other organic compounds, a top fraction stream of the second distillation column comprises methanol, propanol, volatile organic compounds and water, and a bottom fraction stream of the second distillation column comprises butanol and nonvolatile organic compounds, d) feeding said side fraction stream of step c) to a second phase separator, whereby a top organic phase stream and a bottom aqueous phase stream are created, e) feeding said organic phase stream of step d) to the second distillation column below the outlet for the side fraction stream of the second distillation column, f) feeding said aqueous phase stream of step d) and bottom stream of step b) to the first distillation column, g) feeding said bottom fraction stream of step c) comprising butanol and nonvolatile organic compounds to a third distillation column maintained at controlled conditions, whereby a bottom fraction stream of the third distillation column comprises butanol and nonvolatile organic compounds, and a top fraction stream of the third distillation column comprises from 95 to about 100 wt. % butanol, and h) recovering said butanol from the top fraction stream of step g).","label":"Process","id":1356} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene resin with narrow particle size distributionThe present invention relates to a polyethylene resin comprising A) a first ethylene homo- or copolymer fraction, and B) a second ethylene homo- or copolymer fraction, wherein fraction (A) has a lower molecular weight than fraction (B), characterized in that the polymer resin powder obtained directly after the final polymerisation step has a particle size distribution PSD95\/5 equal to or smaller than 12. Furthermore, the invention relates to a process for the production of a polymer composition comprising: (i) a step in which ethylene monomers, and optionally further alpha-olefin-comonomers, are polymerised in liquid phase in the presence of a polymerisation catalyst, (ii) a step in which ethylene monomers, and optionally further alpha-olefin comonomers, are polymerised in the gas phase in the presence of a polymerisation catalyst, and (iii) obtaining a polymer resin powder after the final polymerisation step wherein the powder has a particle size distribution PSD95\/5 equal to or smaller than 12.1. A polyethylene resin comprising A) a first ethylene homo- or copolymer fraction, and B) a second ethylene homo- or copolymer fraction, wherein fraction (A) has a lower molecular weight than fraction (B), characterized in that polymer resin powder obtained directly after the final polymerization step has a particle size distribution PSD95\/5 equal to or smaller than 12.","label":"HouseConst","id":1357} +{"sentence":"Mat thermoplastic resin composition and laminate therefrom, matting agent therefor, and method for matting thermoplastic resinDisclosed is a technology for providing a thermoplastic resin composition or resin laminate having an excellent mat property by using, as matting agent, a copolymer (B) prepared by polymerizing 0.5 to 80% by weight of a hydroxyalkyl (meth)acrylate having a C1-8alkyl group and 10 to 99% by weight of an alkyl methacrylate having a C1-13alkyl group, with a C1-8alkyl acrylate, vinyl aromatic monomer, another vinyl monomer, and a cross-linking monomer being optional.1. A matting agent, comprising: a copolymer (B) prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture (B-1), comprising: i) from 0.5 to 80% by weight of an acrylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester or methacrylic acid hydroxyalkyl ester having an alkyl group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or both (b-1), ii) from 10-99% by weight of methacrylic acid alkyl ester having an alkyl group of 1 to 13 carbon atoms (b-2), and iii) from 0.25 to 5% by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the monomer mixture (B-1), of a copolymerizable cross-linking monomer having 2 or more double bonds in the molecule (B-2), wherein said copolymer has a particle size of about 40-250 μm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1358} +{"sentence":"Method of production of modified conjugated diene rubberA method of production of a modified conjugated diene rubber including a first step of polymerizing a monomer containing at least a conjugated diene compound by using a polymerization initiator in an inert solvent so as to obtain a conjugated diene polymer having an active end, and a second step of causing a compound represented by a following formula (1) to react with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer having an active end: wherein, in formula (1), each of R1to R3independently is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R4is a hydrocarbon group containing an aromatic ring and having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, R5is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and \"n\" is an integer of 0 to 10.1. A method of production of a modified conjugated diene rubber, the method comprising: a first step of polymerizing a monomer containing at least a conjugated diene compound by using a polymerization initiator in an inert solvent so as to obtain a conjugated diene polymer having an active end, and a second step of causing a compound represented by a following formula (1) to react with the active end of the conjugated diene polymer having an active end: wherein, in the formula (1), each of R1to R3independently is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R4is a benzyl group, R5is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and "n" is an integer of 0 to 10.","label":"Automobile","id":1359} +{"sentence":"High molecular weight polyethylene fibers and membranes, their production and useIn a process for producing an elongated polyethylene component, such as a fiber or membrane, polyethylene powder having a molecular weight of at least 3×105g\/mol as determined by ASTM 4020 is dissolved in a solvent to produce an extrudable solution. The solution is then extruded through a die to form an elongated component and at least part of said solvent is removed from the elongated component. The polyethylene powder used in the process is produced by polymerizing ethylene in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a Group 4 metal complex of a phenolate ether ligand.1. A process for producing an elongated polyethylene component, the process comprising: (a) dissolving a polyethylene powder having a molecular weight of at least 3×105g\/mol as determined by ASTM 4020 in a solvent to produce an extrudable solution, (b) extruding said solution through a die to form an elongated component and (c) removing at least part of said solvent from said elongated component, wherein said polyethylene powder is produced by polymerizing ethylene in the presence of a catalyst composition comprising a Group 4 metal complex of a phenolate ether ligand, and wherein the polyethylene powder demonstrates a dissolution rate in decalin which is substantially independent of molecular weight.","label":"HouseConst","id":1360} +{"sentence":"Systems and Methods For Dewatering Mine Tailings With Water-Absorbing PolymersSystems and methods for dewatering mine tailings with water-absorbing polymers. The systems and methods may include combining a mine tailings slurry, which includes mine tailings and water, with a water-absorbing polymer. The water-absorbing polymer may absorb water from the mine tailings, thereby increasing a solids content of the mine tailings. The mine tailings may be combined with the water-absorbing polymer prior to, during, and\/or subsequent to transfer of the mine tailings to a mine tailings dewatering and\/or disposal site. In some embodiments, the water-absorbing polymer may be an encapsulated water-absorbing polymer.1 . A method of dewatering a mine tailings slurry, the method comprising: combining the mine tailings slurry, which includes mine tailings and water, with a water-absorbing polymer, which is encapsulated in a coating material that inhibits water absorption thereby, to generate an augmented mine tailings slurry; piping the augmented mine tailings slurry through a transfer pipe to a mine tailings dewatering site; distributing the augmented mine tailings slurry within the mine tailings dewatering site to form a mine tailings deposit; and initiating water absorption by a mass of water-absorbing polymer subsequent to the piping, wherein the initiating includes degrading the coating material to permit water absorption by the mass of water-absorbing polymer.","label":"Household","id":1361} +{"sentence":"Intumescent polylefin nanocomposites and their useAn intumescent polyolefin nanocomposite is disclosed. The nanoclay contributes stiffness, toughness and flame retardancy to the compound. The intumescent contributes flame retardancy. The compound can be processed as a thermoplastic into any practical article needing stiff, tough, and flame retardancy properties.1 . An intumescent polymer compound, comprising: (a) a polyolefin; (b) an intumescent; (c) at least about 3 weight percent of the total compound of a nanoclay.","label":"IndustConst","id":1362} +{"sentence":"Oxidation of olefinsA catalyst for oxidation of olefins which has a composition of the general formula [Equation] MoaBibFecCodNieBefQgRhXiOj wherein Q is at least one element selected from K, Rb, Cs and Tl; R is at least one element selected from P, As and B; X is at least one element selected from Ce, Ti, Te, Zn, Ge, Sn, Cr, Ga, La, In, Al, Cd, Pd, Mn, V, Pb, Nb, Ag, Zr, Cu, Nd and U; a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i respectively represent the numbers of Mo, Bi, Fe, Co, Ni, Be, Q, R and X atoms, and when a is 12, b is 0.1-10, c is 0.5-40, d is 0-12, e is 0-12 with the proviso that the sum of d and e is 0.5-15, f is 0.1-35, g is 0.01-5, h is 0-5, i is 0-12; and j is the number of oxygen atoms which satisfies the atomic valences of the other elements. Unsaturated aldehydes can be prepared in a high selectivity and a high one-pass yield by oxidizing olefins containing 3 carbon atoms in the straight chain in the vapor phase in the presence of the aforesaid catalyst at a temperature of 250° to 700° C.1. In a process comprising the production of an unsaturated aldehyde by oxidizing propylene or isobutylene in the vapor phase at a temperature of 250° to 700° C. in the presence of a catalyst to the corresponding unsaturated aldehyde, the improvement wherein the catalyst for the said oxidation has a composition of the formula [Equation] MoaBibFecCodNieBefQgRhXiOj wherein Q is at least one element selected from K, Rb, Cs and Tl; R is at least one element selected from P, As and B; X is at least one element selected from Ce, Ti, Te, Zn, Ge, Sn, Cr, Ga, La, In, Al, Cd, Pd, Mn, V, Pd, Nb, Ag, Zr, Cu, Nd and U; a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i respectively represent the numbers of Mo, Bi, Fe, Co, Ni, Be, Q, R and X atoms, and when a is taken as 12, b is 0.1-10, c is 0.5-40, d is 0-12, e is 0-12 with the proviso that the sum of d and e is 0.5-15, f is 0.1-35, g is 0.01-5, h is 0-5, i is 0-12; and j is the number of oxygen atoms which satisfies the atomic valences of the other elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":1363} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing a catalystA process for preparing a catalyst is disclosed. The catalyst is useful for the gas phase oxidation of alkanes to unsaturated aldehydes or carboxylic acids.1. A catalyst comprising a compound of the formula: A a M m N n X x O o wherein 0.25−2002.9+4538.5(d)−2422.2(d)2; or (b) has a Mw\/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, and is characterized by a heat of fusion, ΔH in J\/g, and a delta quantity, ΔT, in degrees Celsius defined as the temperature difference between the tallest DSC peak and the tallest CRYSTAF peak, wherein the numerical values of ΔT and ΔH have the following relationships: ΔT>−0.1299(ΔH)+62.81 for ΔH greater than zero and up to 130 J\/g, ΔT≧48° C. for ΔH greater than 130 J\/g, wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer, and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.; or (c) is characterized by an elastic recovery, Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, and has a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Re and d satisfy the following relationship when ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is substantially free of a cross-linked phase: Re>1481−1629(d); or (d) has a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a molar comonomer content of at least 5 percent higher than that of a comparable random ethylene interpolymer fraction eluting between the same temperatures, wherein said comparable random ethylene interpolymer has the same comonomer(s) and has a melt index, density, and molar comonomer content (based on the whole polymer) within 10 percent of that of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer; or (e) has a storage modulus at 25° C., G′(25° C.), and a storage modulus at 100° C., G′(100° C.), wherein the ratio of G′(25° C.) to G′(100° C.) is in the range of about 1:1 to about 9:1; wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer has a density of from about 0.85 to about 0.89 g\/cc and a melt index (I2) of from about 0.5 g\/10 min. to about 20 g\/10 min and wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is made using a shuttling agent.","label":"Construct","id":1442} +{"sentence":"Rotary grinder with improved ram and screenThe present invention relates to a rotary grinder with an improved ram and screen. Rotary grinders of the present invention are, for example, used to grind plastic or wood to reduce the size of the material to a desired size. Material to be ground is placed inside a hopper and a ram is used to force the material toward the rotor having a plurality of cutters thereon. The ram does not have to ride in horizontal channels on the sides of the hopper so material does not interfere with or jam the ram. Further, a grooved screen may be employed wherein the screen has a plurality of V-shaped grooves therein in which the cutters travel. This permits the cutters to \"clean\" the screen so that ground material, for example, plastic, does not block the openings in the screen.1. A grinder, comprising: a. a ram compartment, said ram compartment having a rotor toward a first end and a ram receiving opening toward a second end, said first end being opposed to said second end; b. a ram, said ram having a top portion, a bottom portion, and a portion connecting said top and said bottom portions toward one end thereof, said top portion and said bottom portion having a spaced distance therebetween, said bottom portion being at a location underneath said top portion, said ram bottom portion having a plurality of linear bearings connected thereto; c. said grinder having a portion vertically below said ram compartment, said portion having a horizontal mounting base therein, said horizontal mounting base having a hydraulic cylinder connected thereabove, said hydraulic cylinder having a piston, said horizontal mounting base having a linear bearing rod connected thereunder; d. said ram top portion received by said ram receiving opening, said plurality of linear bearings received by said linear bearing rod, said piston connected to said ram; and, e. said piston being operable to move said ram from said second end toward said first end and reverse.","label":"Household","id":1443} +{"sentence":"Acrylic sequential graft copolymer-styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer blendsThe addition of styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer to acrylic core-shell thermoplastic elastomers reduces mold shrinkage and improves surface hardness. The compositions are useful as moldable and extrudable rubber goods.1. A thermoplastic composition comprising a blend of 100 parts by weight of an acrylic sequential graft copolymer and from 5 to 35 parts by weight of a copolymer comprising 90 to 50 wt% styrene and 10 to 50 wt% acrylonitrile, wherein said acrylic sequential graft copolymer has a core-shell structure and consists of: (a) from 10 to 100 parts by weight of a rigid monomer mixture comprising from 99.9 to 95 wt% of at least one rigid monovinylic monomer and from 0.1 to 5 wt% of a first copolymerizable functional monomer, and 100 parts by weight of a rubbery monomer mixture comprising from 99.9 to 95 wt% of at least one rubbery acrylic monomer and from 0.1 to 5 wt% of a second copolymerizable functional monomer interractive with said first functional monomer; and (b) said core-shell structure consists of from 10 to 40 wt% of a rigid polymeric core formed of said rigid monomer mixture, from 10 to 50 wt% of rubbery polymeric shell formed of said rubbery monomer mixture and surrounding and at least partially encapsulating said rigid polymeric core, and from 20 to 80 wt% of a copolymeric transition layer intermediate between said core and said shell and formed of said rigid monomer mixture and said rubbery monomer mixture.","label":"Automobile","id":1444} +{"sentence":"AEROGEL MATERIALS BASED ON METAL OXIDES AND COMPOSITES THEREOFThe present invention describes a new class of high porosity materials with aerogel properties, based on metal oxides and their composites, possessing a high surface area and a high pore volume distributed within a specific pore diameter range. The pore distribution is monomodal and the porosity of the material is greater than 80%, conferring aerogel properties thereon while the absence of micropores (pores less than 2 nm in diameter) confers a high thermal stability to these materials. The characteristics of the product, including a low, if not zero, macroporosity, confer on the material a low dustiness compared to conventional aerogels, thus enabling them to be used effectively in production cycles.38 . An aerogel material comprising a composition of at least one metal oxide or a composite thereof, the composition having a metal component of one to six metals selected from the group consisting of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, lanthanides, actinides, transition metals, and metals of group 13 (IIIA), wherein the aerogel material has a porosity equal to or greater than 80%, at least 90% of the total pore volume consists of pores having a diameter from 5 to 140 nm and less than 10% of the total pore volume consists of pores having a pore diameter from 200 to 10,000 nm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1445} +{"sentence":"Nucleotide compositions comprising photocleavable markers and methods of preparation thereofLabelled nucleotides and polynucleotides useful in the sequencing of nucleic acids are described. Methods of preparing photocleavable marker nucleotides and photocleavable marker-polynucleotide conjugates are described. Such photocleavable markere nucleotides can be incorporated into nucleic acid so as to create photocleavable marker-polynucleotide conjugates.1. A conjugate, comprising a nucleotide attached to a fluorescent marker through a photocleavable linker, said marker comprising BODIPY.","label":"Household","id":1446} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbable polyacrylic acid resin powder, and process for production thereofA process according to the present invention for production of water-absorbable polyacrylic acid resin powder, including: (a) polymerizing an acrylic acid-based monomer aqueous solution containing bubbles, and (b) drying a hydrogel crosslinked polymer thus obtained in the step of polymerizing, further includes (c) lowering solubility of dissolved gas in a monomer aqueous solution in the presence of a surfactant and\/or a dispersing agent, so as to generate the bubbles in the acrylic acid-based monomer aqueous solution. With this arrangement, it is possible to provide white water-absorbable resin with better water absorbing rate, keeping or without significantly losing the other properties (permeability potential, bulk specific gravity, surface tension, absorbency against pressure, impact resistance, etc.)1. Water-absorbable resin powder being water-absorbable polyacrylic acid resin powder in which particles having a particle diameter of 850 μm to 150 μm accounts for 95 wt % or more, and having an internal cell rate of 2.8% to 6.6%, the internal cell rate being defined by the following equation: (internal cell rate [%]={(Real Density [g\/cm3])−(Apparent Density [g\/cm3])}\/(Real Density [g\/cm3])×100, the water-absorbable resin powder having a degree of whiteness of 68 or more [WB value] as measured with use of a spectral colorimeter.","label":"Household","id":1447} +{"sentence":"Absorption process for hydrogen and ethylene recoveryA continuous process is described for contacting an olefins-containing feed gas stream, which has been freed of CO2and sulfur compounds, compressed, cooled, and dried, with a solvent in an intercooled and reboiled demethanizing absorber to produce a rich solvent bottom stream containing ethylene and heavier hydrocarbons and an absorber overhead stream which is fed to a methane absorber which recovers a hydrogen product stream as overhead and produces a rich solvent stream as bottoms. When recovering up to 50% of the incoming hydrogen, this rich solvent stream from the methane absorber is fed to the demethanizing absorber, but when recovering from 20% to 100% of the incoming hydrogen, this rich solvent stream is recycled in part to the demethanizing absorber and in part is fed to a methane stripper which sends its bottoms to the methane absorber and its overhead to an auto refrigerated recovery unit which removes H2,CH4,and CO as a fuel gas product and produces an ethylene and heavier stream. The rich solvent stream from the demethanizing absorber is separated in a solvent regenerator into an overhead stream of ethylene and heavier hydrocarbons and a bottom lean solvent stream for recycle to the methane absorber and then to the demethanizing absorber. The bottom stream of the recovery unit and the overhead stream of the solvent regenerator are combined to form an ethylene and heavier product stream.1. A process for recovering ethylene and a selected proportion of hydrogen from a stream of feedstock gases selected from the group consisting of cracked hydrocarbon gases and refinery off-gases, comprising removing at least 75% of said ethylene in a solvent-based, demethanizing absorber, prior to an auto refrigerated recovery unit which recovers the remainder of said ethylene from said feedstock gases, and recovering said selected proportion of hydrogen as the overhead stream from a methane absorber which receives a selected portion of overhead gases from said demethanizing absorber and removes methane therefrom in a rich solvent bottom stream.","label":"Process","id":1448} +{"sentence":"Polymer and asphalt compositionThe polymer according to the present invention is a polymer containing a conjugated diene monomer unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit, wherein the polymer has a polymer block (A) containing the vinyl aromatic monomer unit as a main component and a polymer block (B) containing the conjugated diene monomer unit and the vinyl aromatic monomer unit, a content of the polymer block (A) is 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, a bulk density of the polymer is 0.05 g\/mL or more and 0.45 g\/mL or less, and a specific surface area of the polymer is 0.10 m2\/g or more and 0.60 m2\/g or less.1. A polymer comprising a conjugated diene monomer unit and a vinyl aromatic monomer unit, wherein the polymer has a polymer block (A) comprising the vinyl aromatic monomer unit as a main component and a polymer block (B) comprising the conjugated diene monomer unit and the vinyl aromatic monomer unit, a content of the polymer block (A) is 10% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, a bulk density of the polymer is 0.05 g\/mL or more and 0.45 g\/mL or less, and a specific surface area of the polymer is 0.10 m2\/g or more and 0.60 m2\/g or less, in the polymer block (B), a content of a short-chain vinyl aromatic monomer-polymerized moiety comprising 2 to 6 vinyl aromatic monomer units is 50% by mass or more based on the content of the vinyl aromatic monomer unit being 100% by mass.","label":"IndustConst","id":1449} +{"sentence":"Process for producing modified particle, carrier or catalyst component for addition polymerization, pre-polymerized catalyst component therefor, catalyst therefor, and addition polymerA process for producing a modified particle, a carrier or a catalyst component for addition polymerization, which comprises the steps of (1) contacting a compound (a) represented by the defined formula M1L13 with a compound (b) represented by the defined formula R1t-1TH, thereby producing a contact product, and (2) contacting the contact product with a porous particle (d) and then with a compound (c) represented by the defined formula R2t-2TH2; a process for producing a pre-polymerized catalyst component or a catalyst for addition polymerization, which comprises the steps of (1) contacting the above modified particle with a transition metal compound and optionally an organoaluminum compound, thereby producing a primary catalyst, and (2) pre-polymerizing an olefin in the presence of the primary catalyst; a process for producing a catalyst for addition polymerization, which comprises the step of contacting the above catalyst component with a transition metal compound and optionally an organoaluminum compound; and a process for producing an addition polymer, which comprises the step of addition polymerizing an addition polymerizable monomer in the presence of the above catalyst.1. A process for producing a modified particle, a carrier or a catalyst component for addition polymerization, which comprises the steps of: (1) contacting a compound (a) represented by the following formula (i) with a compound (b) represented by the following formula (ii), thereby producing a contact product, and (2) contacting the contact product with a porous material (d), and then with a compound (c) represented by the following formula (iii), in this contact order, M1L13  (i), R1t-1TH  (ii), and R2t-2TH2  (iii), wherein M1is an Al atom; L1is a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or a halogen atom, and three L1s are the same as or different from one another; R1is an electron-withdrawing group or an electron-withdrawing group-containing group, and when more than one R1exist, they are the same as or different from one another; R2is a hydrocarbon group or a halogenated hydrocarbon group; T is independently of each other a nitrogen or oxygen atom; and t is a number corresponding to the valence of T.","label":"HouseConst","id":1450} +{"sentence":"Mixtures of diisononyl esters of terephthalic acid, method for the production thereof and use thereofThe invention relates to mixtures of diisononyl esters of terephthalic acid, characterized in that the isomeric nonyl radicals bound in the ester mixture have an average degree of branching of 1.0 to 2.2. Said mixtures can advantageously be used as softeners or part of a softener composition in plastics or plastic components.1. A mixture, comprising: diisononyl esters of terephthalic acid, comprising isomeric nonyl moieties, wherein an average degree of branching of the isomeric nonyl moieties of the esters in the mixture is from 1.0 to 2.2, and having a glass transition temperature below −70° C.","label":"HouseConst","id":1451} +{"sentence":"Bimodal polyethylene composition and articles made therefromThe invention relates to a polyethylene composition with a bimodal molecular weight distribution and articles made therefrom, such as high topload blow moldings and transmission and distribution pipes. The composition comprises a low-molecular-weight (LMW) ethylene homopolymer component and a homogeneous, high-molecular-weight (HMW) ethylene interpolymer component, wherein the LMW component is characterized as having a molecular weight distribution, MWD L , of less than about 8. The composition is characterized as having a bimodal molecular weight distribution, and a ductile-brittle transition temperature, T db , of less than −20° C. In some embodiments, the HMW component is characterized by a reverse comonomer distribution.1. A polyethylene composition comprising a low-molecular-weight (LMW) ethylene homopolymer component and a homogeneous, high-molecular-weight (HMW) ethylene interpolymer component, wherein the LMW component is characterized as having a molecular weight distribution, MWD L , of less than about 8 and a weight average molecular weight, M w L , and wherein the polyethylene composition is characterized as having a bimodal molecular weight distribution, and a ductile-brittle transition temperature, T db , of less than −20° C.","label":"HouseConst","id":1452} +{"sentence":"MESOSTRUCTURED ORGANIC-INORGANIC HYBRID MATERIALAn organic\/inorganic hybrid material (OIHM) that consists of elementary spherical particles is described, whereby each of said spherical particles consists of a mesostructured matrix that is based on silicon oxide and organic groups with reactive terminal groups that are linked covalently to the inorganic structure, whereby said mesostructured matrix has a pore size of between 1.5 and 30 nm and has amorphous walls with a thickness of between 1 and 20 nm. Said elementary spherical particles have a maximum diameter of 10 μm. The matrix that is based on silicon oxide can contain aluminum, titanium, zirconium and cerium. Two methods for preparation of said material are also described.1 . An organic-inorganic hybrid material (OIHM) in the form of spherical elementary particles, with a diameter of 50 nm to 10 microns, whereby each particle consists essentially of a mesostructured matrix based on silicon oxide, and organic groups with reactive terminal groups selected from among acid reactive groups, basic reactive groups, nucleophilic reactive groups, and adsorbent reactive groups, whereby said organic groups are linked covalently to the inorganic framework of the matrix, whereby said mesostructured matrix has a pore size of between 1.5 and 30 nm and has amorphous walls with a thickness of between 1 and 20 nm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1453} +{"sentence":"Mixtures of hydrogel-forming polymers and building materialsMixtures of finely divided solid hydrogel-forming polymers and of hydraulically setting building materials, wherein not more than 2% by weight of said finely divided hydrogel-forming polymers are more than 200 μm in particle size. The finely divided solid hydrogel-forming polymers used are in particular crosslinked polymers having acid groups.1 . Mixtures of finely divided solid hydrogel-forming polymers and of hydraulically setting building materials, wherein not more than 2% by weight of said finely divided hydrogel-forming polymers are more than 200 μm in particle size.","label":"Household","id":1454} +{"sentence":"Odor control compositionAn odor control composition that includes a silicon oxide compound and a transition metal in an amount of from about 0.2 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of the odor control composition is provided. The silicon oxide compound is formed from a silicon source and a template (e.g., cyclodextrin template).1. A substrate that contains an odor control composition in an amount of from about 0.5 wt. % to about 25 wt. % of the substrate, wherein said odor control composition comprises a silicon oxide compound and a transition metal that constitutes from about 0.2 wt. % to about 10 wt. % of said odor control composition, wherein said silicon oxide compound is formed from a silicon source and a cyclodextrin template.","label":"Household","id":1455} +{"sentence":"Particulate water-absorbing agent containing water-absorbent resin as a main componentIn at least one embodiment, a particulate water-absorbing agent is provided which not only ensures the many conventional physical properties (absorption rate, centrifuge retention capacity, absorbency against pressure, particle size distribution etc.) but also prevents odor which is generated after the resin is swollen by absorption. The water absorbent agent of an embodiment of the present invention therefore does not cause odor in actual use. As a result of intensive study of the foregoing problem, an embodiment of the present invention offers a way of controlling a specific odor component, which is generated from impurities and\/or by-product derived from the raw material, after the high temperature process. In this way, an embodiment of the present invention successfully provides a water absorbent agent not causing odor after the resin is swollen by absorption.1. A particulate water-absorbing agent containing a particulate polycarboxylic acid water-absorbent resin surface-cross-linked by a surface-cross-linking agent which forms ester bond with a carboxyl group, the particulate water-absorbing agent satisfying following conditions: (a) a centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) for a physiological saline solution being not less than 27 g\/g; (b) an absorbency against pressure (AAP) of 4.8 kPa for the physiological saline solution being not less than 20 g\/g; (c) a mass average particle diameter (D50) being 200-450 μm; (d) an amount of particles smaller than 150 μm in the particulate water-absorbing agent being 0-5% by mass; (e) a logarithmic standard deviation (σζ) of particle size distribution being 0.20-0.40; and (f) a content of an alcohol volatile substance evaporated from the particulate water-absorbing agent being 0-10 ppm, the content being measured by a gas detecting tube as an atmosphere concentration.","label":"Household","id":1456} +{"sentence":"Method for producing post-cured water-absorbent polymer particles with a higher absorption by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solutionA process for preparing postcrosslinked water-absorbing polymer beads with high absorption by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, wherein the solids content of the monomer solution is at least 35% by weight and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm.1. Water-absorbing polymer beads having a mean sphericity of at least 0.84 and a content of hydrophobic solvents of less than 0.005% by weight, a centrifuge retention capacity (CRC) of at least 20 g\/g, and an absorbency under a load of 4.83 kPa (AUL0.7 psi), which fulfill a condition that AUL0.7 psi≧−0.017 CRC2+1.5 CRC−6.","label":"Household","id":1457} +{"sentence":"Method for the removal of acidic gases such as carbon dioxide from gaseous mixturesMethods for removing acidic gases from gaseous mixtures, such as hydrocarbon containing gaseous mixtures, are disclosed. The method includes washing the gaseous mixtures with a methanol wash stream containing more than about 0.5 weight percent ammonia therein, so as to remove at least a portion of the acidic gases from the gaseous mixtures and to produce a laden methanol stream containing said acidic gases therein, regenerating said laden methanol stream by removing a portion of said acidic gases therefrom, so as to regenerate said wash stream, and recycling the regenerated wash stream.1. A method for the removal of acidic gases comprising H2S or CO2from gaseous mixtures which comprises washing said gaseous mixtures with a wash stream comprising methanol containing ammonia in an amount greater than 0.5 weight percent sufficient to prevent the formation of a solid precipitate of ammonia therein, and so as to remove at least a portion of said acidic gases from said gaseous mixture and to produce a laden methanol stream containing said acidic gases therein, regenerating said laden methanol stream by removing a sufficient portion of said acidic gases therefrom, so as to regenerate said wash stream containing greater than about 0.65 weight percent CO2therefrom, and recycling said regenerated wash stream.","label":"Process","id":1458} +{"sentence":"Process for laying fibrous webs from a centrifugal spinning processA method for laying down a nanoweb of nanofibers from a centrifugal spinning process by a combination of an air flow field and a charging arrangement. Fibrous streams in the form of fibrils of molten polymer or polymer solution are discharged from a rotating member into an air flow field that is essentially parallel to the direction of discharge of fibrils at the point of discharge of the fibrils. The fibrous streams are attenuated and directed by means of the air flow field onto the surface of a collector to form a nanoweb. The fibrous streams are charged along all or at least a portion of their route from the point of discharge to the surface of the collector.1. A method for laying down a nanoweb from a centrifugal spinning process comprising the steps of: (i) ejecting a polymer melt in air or an inert gas from a surface of a rotating member comprising a disk or cup rotating about an axis and located in a spinning head, wherein molten fibrils exit the surface in a direction essentially perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disc or cup and into an electric field established between a fiber collector and the spinning head; and wherein the fibrils are attenuated by the centrifugal force and cool to form nanofibers that have a number average fiber diameter of less than 1,000 nm; (ii) applying a charge to the polymer melt, the molten fibrils, the nanofibers, or any combination of these three locations; (iii) directing the nanofibers with a shaping air flow towards a collector that has a charge opposite to the charge on the fibers in (ii) above; (iv) collecting the polymeric nanofibers on the collector; wherein turbulent motion of air located between the spinning head and the collector is suppressed by air jets supplied by nozzles located on the underside of the rotating member, on the surface facing the collector, and wherein a region exists adjacent to and touching the collector where the motion of the fibers is governed by the potential difference between the nanofibers and the collector and is unaffected by the shaping air flow.","label":"Household","id":1459} +{"sentence":"Catalytic oxidation processAn improved single-step catalytic vapor phase (amm)oxidation process for the conversion of one or more C2-C8 alkanes to one or more oxidation products, including unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated nitriles, whereby a higher yield of the oxidation products is achieved.1. A process for single-step catalytic vapor phase (amm)oxidation of one or more C2-C8 alkanes to produce one or more (amm)oxidation products selected from the group consisting of unsaturated carboxylic acids and unsaturated nitriles, wherein one or more reaction zones are provided, each of which comprises at least one catalyst capable of catalyzing the single-step vapor phase (amm)oxidation reaction, said process comprising the steps of: (a) feeding the one or more C2-C8 alkanes to at least one of the one or more reaction zones; and (b) feeding carbon dioxide, in an amount of from 5 volume % to 60 volume %, based upon the total volume of starting materials that are fed to said process, to at least one of the one or more reaction zones simultaneously with the feeding of the one or more C2-C8 alkanes, wherein the at least one catalyst comprises a mixed metal oxide having the empirical formula: JjMmNnYyZzOo wherein J is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Mo and W, M is at least one element selected from the group consisting of V and Ce, N is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Te, Sb and Se, Y is at least one element selected from the group consisting of Nb, Ta, Ti, Al, Zr, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ru, Co, Rh, Ni, Pt, Sb, Bi, B, In, As, Ge, Sn, Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, Hf, Pb, P, Pm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb and Lu, and Z is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Pd, Cu, Ag and Au; and wherein, when j=1, m=0.01 to 1.0, n=0.01 to 1.0, y=0.01 to 1.0, z=0.001 to 0.1 and o is dependent on the oxidation state of the other elements; and wherein said catalyst composition has been treated to exhibit peaks at X-ray diffraction angles (2θ) of 22.1°, 28.2°, 36.2°, 45.2°, and 50.0°.","label":"Catalyst","id":1460} +{"sentence":"Process for producing modified polymer rubberA process for producing a modified polymer rubber comprising the steps of: (1) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer or a combination thereof with an aromatic vinyl monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent, in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst or a specified alkali metal compound, to form an alkali metal end-carrying active polymer, and (2) reacting the alkali metal end-carrying active polymer with a specified isocyanurate compound or a combination thereof with a specified coupling agent in a hydrocarbon solvent.1. A process for producing a modified polymer rubber comprising the steps of: (1) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer or a combination thereof with an aromatic vinyl monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent, in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst, to form an alkali metal end-carrying active polymer, and (2) reacting the alkali metal end-carrying active polymer with a coupling agent represented by the following formula [1] and an isocyanurate compound represented by the following formula [2] in a hydrocarbon solvent, or reacting the alkali metal end-carrying active polymer with the isocyanurate compound in a hydrocarbon solvent: wherein R in the formula [1] is an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkenyl group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group; M therein is a silicon atom or a tin atom; X therein is a halogen atom; c therein is an integer of 0 to 2; d therein is an integer of 2 to 4; each of R1to R3in the formula [2] is independently of one another an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; each of R4to R9therein is independently of one another an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and each of p, q and r therein is independently of one another an integer of 1 to 8; and wherein the polymer rubber has improved impact resistance compared to a polymer rubber produced in the absence of the isocyanurate compound of formula [2].","label":"Automobile","id":1461} +{"sentence":"Fine-grained water-absorbent particles with a high fluid transport and absorption capacityThe invention relates to finely divided water-absorbing polymeric particles having high fluid transportation and absorption performance, the Centrifuge Retention Capacity (CRC) being not less than 26 g\/g, the absorbency under a load of 4.83 kPa (AUL0.7 psi) not less than 23 g\/g and the Transportation Value (TV) not less than 15,000 cm3s, the Transportation Value (TV) being the product of Saline Flow Conductivity (SFC) and wicking absorption after 60 minutes (DA60) multiplied by 107, and wherein the wicking absorption after 60 minutes (DA60) is the weight of 0.9% by weight sodium chloride solution absorbed by 70 g of the water-absorbing polymeric particles in 60 minutes, wherein the water-absorbing polymeric particles are situated, during measurement, in a circularly round vessel which has an internal diameter of 6 cm and is sealed at its lower end by a sieve base of 36 μm mesh size, and the sieve base is in atmospheric contact with 0.9% by weight sodium chloride solution, processes for their preparation and also their use in hygiene articles and packaging materials.1. Water-absorbing polymeric particles comprising a) at least one interpolymerized ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomer, the acid groups of the at least one acid-functional monomer bearing acid groups being more than 60 and not more than 70 mol % neutralized, b) at least one interpolymerized crosslinker, c) optionally one or more interpolymerized ethylenically and\/or allylically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with a), d) optionally one or more water-soluble polymer grafted wholly or partly with the monomers a), b) and if present c), and e) at least one converted postcrosslinker, wherein a Centrifuge Retention Capacity (CRC) is not less than 26 g\/g, an Absorbency under Load (AUL0.7psi) is not less than 23 g\/g, and a Transportation Value (TV) is not less than 15,000 cm3s, wherein the Transportation Value (TV) is the product of Saline Flow Conductivity (SFC) and wicking absorption after 60 minutes (DA60) multiplied by 107, and wherein the wicking absorption after 60 minutes (DA60) is a weight of 0.9% by weight sodium chloride solution absorbed by 70 g of the water-absorbing polymeric particles in 60 minutes, wherein the water-absorbing polymeric particles are situated, during measurement, in a circularly round vessel which has an internal diameter of 6 cm and is sealed at its lower end by a sieve base of 36 μm mesh size, and the sieve base is in atmospheric contact with 0.9% by weight sodium chloride solution.","label":"Household","id":1462} +{"sentence":"Shared object stores for a networked computer systemA store of interfaced software objects are distributed between a server computer and multiple client computers to support an object oriented application communication environment that provides communication between software applications on each client computer. The application communication environment may include a central shared object store of interfaced software objects that operate on a server computer and communicate with one or more software applications on the server computer. A local shared object store of interfaced software objects operates on each client computer and communicates with the central shared object store and one or more software applications on that client computer. Changes to interfaced software objects in the local shared object stores may be automatically propagated to the interfaced software objects in the central shared object store. A local private object store of interfaced software objects may operate on a client computer and communicate with one or more software applications on the client computer.1. In a networked computer system having a server computer in communication with plural client computers, an application communication environment with object stores, comprising: a central shared object store of interfaced software objects that operate on the server computer and communicate with plural server software applications on the server computer; a local shared object store of interfaced software objects that operate on each client computer and communicate with the central shared object store and a first plurality of client software applications on the client computer, communications between the first client software applications and the local shared object store on each client computer being available to the central shared object store, the interfaced software objects of the local shared object store on a particular client computer shared among the remaining plural client computers, the interfaced software objects comprising an indication of whether a user is at a particular client computer; and a local private object store of interfaced software objects that operate on each client computer and communicate with one or more second client software applications on the client computer, communications between the one or more second client software applications and the local private object store on each client computer not being directly available to the central shared object store, wherein a representation of one or more modified interfaced software objects of the local private object store are communicated to the local shared object store while maintaining a security of the local private object store.","label":"HouseConst","id":1463} +{"sentence":"Polycyclic fused heteroring compounds metal complexes and polymerization process[none] Metal complexes comprising a polycyclic, heteroatom containing fused ring compound comprising at least a cyclopentadienyl ring having fused thereto a 5-membered polyatomic ring containing one or more ring atoms selected from groups 15 or 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements and lacking substituents forming 6-membered, aromatic fused rings; polymerization catalysts; and olefin polymerization processes using the same are disclosed.1 . A polycyclic, heteroatom containing fused ring compound corresponding to the formula: CpM(Z)(X)x(T)t(X′)x′(I), where Cp is a polycyclic, fused ring ligand or inertly substituted derivative thereof having up to 60 atoms not counting hydrogen, said Cp comprising at least a cyclopentadienyl ring bound to M by means of delocalized π-electrons and having fused thereto a 5-membered polyatomic ring containing one or more ring atoms selected from groups 15 or 16 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, or substituted derivatives thereof, with the proviso that said cyclopentadienyl ring lacks adjacent substituents that together form a second fused ring; M is a metal selected from Groups 3-10 or the Lanthanide series of the Periodic Table of the Elements; Z is a divalent moiety of the formula -Z′Y— joining Cp and M, wherein, Z′ is SiR62, CR62, SiR62SiR62, CR62CR62, CR6═CR6, CR62SiR62, BR6, or GeR62; Y is —O—, —S—, —NR5—, —PR5—; —NR52, or —PR52; R5, independently each occurrence, is hydrocarbyl, trihydrocarbylsilyl, or trihydrocarbylsilylhydrocarbyl, said R5having up to 20 atoms other than hydrogen, and optionally two R5groups or R5together with Y form a ring system; R6, independently each occurrence, is hydrogen, or a member selected from hydrocarbyl, hydrocarbyloxy, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl, —NR52, and combinations thereof, said R6having up to 30 non-hydrogen atoms, and optionally, two R6groups form a ring system; X is hydrogen or a monovalent anionic ligand group having up to 60 atoms not counting hydrogen; T independently each occurrence is a neutral ligating compound having up to 20 atoms, other than hydrogen, and optionally T and X or T and R5are bonded together; X′ is a divalent anionic ligand group having up to 60 atoms other than hydrogen; x is 0, 1, 2, or 3; t is a number from 0 to 2, and x′ is 0 or 1.","label":"Catalyst","id":1464} +{"sentence":"ETHYLENE-BASED POLYMERS AND COMPOSITIONS, METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME AND ARTICLES PREPARED THEREFROMThe invention provides an ethylene-based interpolymer comprising the following features: a) density from 0.910 to 0.930 g\/cc; b) melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.5 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area. The invention also provides a composition comprising an ethylene-based interpolymer that comprises the following features: a) a density from 0.919 to 0.928 g\/cc; b) a melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.8 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area. The invention also provides a hollow tube comprising at least one component formed from a composition comprising an ethylene-based interpolymer that comprises the following features: a) a density from 0.919 to 0.928 g\/cc; b) a melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.8 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area; and wherein the tube has a hydrostatic design basis (HDB) of at least 1000-psi at 23° C. per ASTM D-2837 regression method.1 . An ethylene-based interpolymer comprising the following features: a) a density from 0.910 to 0.930 g\/cc; b) a melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.5 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area.","label":"Construct","id":1465} +{"sentence":"Apparatus for augmenting power produced from gas turbinesThe power produced by a gas turbine system is augmented by a direct contact heat exchanger for contacting and cooling humid ambient air with cooler water for producing cooled ambient air and warmed water, and a precompressor device for compressing said cooled ambient air to produce pressurized air that is warmer than ambient air and has a lower relative humidity. An evaporative cooler, which is supplied with the warmed water, is provided for cooling said pressurized air to produce cooled pressurized air at about ambient air temperature and relative humidity, which is supplied to the main compressor.1. Apparatus for augmenting power produced by a gas turbine comprising: a) a precompressor having a pressure ratio of about 1:1.15 that precompresses ambient air prior to supplying it to a compressor of the gas turbine;when the temperature of the ambient air exceeds the design level thereby introducing temperature and pressure rises in the air supplied to the compressor of the gas turbine; b) a direct cooler that directly cools precompressed air exiting the precompressor using water supplied thereto to a temperature approximately ambient air temperature; and c) a valve that supplies cooled, precompressed air to the inlet of the compressor of the gas turbine when required and otherwise supplies ambient air to the inlet of the compressor of the gas turbine.","label":"Process","id":1466} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR OXIDATIVELY DEHYDROGENATING N-BUTENES INTO 1,3-BUTADIENEA process for oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to 1,3-butadiene in a fixed-bed reactor (R), which comprises at least two production steps (i) and at least one regeneration step (ii), and in which in a production step (i), a starting gas mixture ( 1 ) comprising the n-butenes is mixed with an oxygen-comprising gas ( 2 ) and brought into contact with a heterogeneous, particulate multimetal oxide catalyst comprising molybdenum and at least one further metal as active composition in the fixed-bed reactor (R) and in a regeneration step (ii), the heterogeneous, particulate multimetal oxide catalyst comprising molybdenum and at least one further metal as active composition is regenerated by passing an oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture over it and burning off the carbonaceous material deposited on the multimetal oxide catalyst, where a regeneration step (ii) is carried out between two production steps (i) and where a product gas stream ( 6 ) which comprises 1,3-butadiene and additionally unreacted n-butenes, oxygen, water and further secondary components, in particular carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, inert gases, in particular nitrogen, high-boiling hydrocarbons, i.e. hydrocarbons having a boiling point of 95° C. or above at a pressure of one atmosphere, optionally hydrogen and optionally oxygenates is obtained in the production step (i) in the fixed-bed reactor (R) and is fed as such or after one or more intermediate steps as stream ( 11 ) to an absorption column (K) in which an absorption is carried out at a pressure in the range from 3.5 to 20 bar by means of a high-boiling absorption medium ( 13 ) which becomes loaded with the C4-hydrocarbons from the product gas stream ( 6 ) or the stream ( 11 ) and is taken off as loaded solvent stream ( 14 ) from the bottom of the absorption column (K) to give an overhead stream ( 12 ) comprising oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, i.e. hydrocarbons having a boiling point of less than 95° C. at a pressure of one atmosphere, residues of C4-hydrocarbons, residues of high-boiling hydrocarbons, i.e. hydrocarbons having a boiling point of 95° C. or above at a pressure of one atmosphere, optionally inert gases, in particular nitrogen, optionally carbon oxides and optionally water vapor, and is partly or completely recycled as recycle stream to the fixed-bed reactor (R), wherein at the end of each production step (i), the introduction of the oxygen-comprising gas ( 2 ) into the reactor (R) is throttled back or shut off and the production step (i) is continued until the oxygen concentration in the overhead stream ( 12 ) has decreased to 5% by volume, based on the total volume of the overhead stream ( 12 ), whereupon the introduction of the gas stream ( 1 ) comprising the n-butenes and also the introduction of the oxygen-comprising gas ( 2 ) is shut off, if this has not already been done at the end of the production step (i), at which point the production step (i) is complete and the regeneration step (ii) is started by the overhead stream ( 12 ) from the absorption column (K) functioning as oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture or substream of the oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture, is proposed.8 . A process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of n-butenes to 1,3-butadiene in a fixed-bed reactor (R), which comprises at least two production steps (i) and at least one regeneration step (ii), and in which in a production step (i), a starting gas mixture comprising the n-butenes is mixed with an oxygen-comprising gas and brought into contact with a heterogeneous, particulate multimetal oxide catalyst comprising molybdenum and at least one further metal as active composition in the fixed-bed reactor (R) and in a regeneration step (ii), the heterogeneous, particulate multimetal oxide catalyst comprising molybdenum and at least one further metal as active composition is regenerated by passing an oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture over it and burning off the carbonaceous material deposited on the multimetal oxide catalyst, where a regeneration step (ii) is carried out between two production steps (i) and where a product gas stream which comprises 1,3-butadiene and additionally unreacted n-butenes, oxygen, water and further secondary components, optionally hydrogen and optionally oxygenates is obtained in the production step (i) in the fixed-bed reactor (R) and is fed as such or after one or more intermediate steps as stream to an absorption column (K) in which an absorption is carried out at a pressure in the range from 3.5 to 20 bar by means of a high-boiling absorption medium which becomes loaded with the C4-hydrocarbons from the product gas stream or the stream and is taken off as loaded solvent stream from the bottom of the absorption column (K) to give an overhead stream comprising oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons, optionally inert gases, in particular nitrogen, optionally carbon oxides and optionally water vapor, and is partly or completely recycled as recycle stream to the fixed-bed reactor (R), wherein at the end of each production step (i), the introduction of the oxygen-comprising gas ( 2 ) into the reactor (R) is throttled back or shut off and the production step (i) is continued until the oxygen concentration in the overhead stream has decreased to 5% by volume, based on the total volume of the overhead stream, whereupon the introduction of the gas stream comprising the n-butenes and also the introduction of the oxygen-comprising gas is shut off, if this has not already been done at the end of the production step (i), at which point the production step (i) is complete and the regeneration step (ii) is started by the overhead stream from the absorption column (K) functioning as oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture or substream of the oxygen-comprising regeneration gas mixture.","label":"Process","id":1467} +{"sentence":"Counter tapered thermoplastic elastomersA counter tapered thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising: (a) a counter tapered diblock A-[A\/B] copolymer with a peak molecular weight from 20,000 to 250,000, which includes a monovinyl aromatic homopolymer block A with a peak molecular weight of at least 8,000 and a counter tapered copolymer block [A\/B] with a vinyl content of at least 15 weight percent based on the amount of conjugated diene units in the diblock copolymer; and (b) a block copolymer selected from the group consisting of linear triblock copolymers having a peak molecular weight that is at least about 1.5 times the peak molecular weight of the counter tapered diblock A-[A\/B] copolymer described in (a), multiarm coupled block copolymers having a peak molecular weight that is at least about 2.5 times the peak molecular weight of the counter tapered diblock A-[A\/B] copolymer described in (a), and mixtures thereof; and (c) wherein the ratio of (a) to (b) in the counter tapered thermoplastic elastomer composition is from about 1:5 to about 5:1. The counter tapered thermoplastic elastomer compositions provide in the applications: i) easy processing such as short dispersion time, low mixing temperature, low viscosity, excellent storage stability; and ii) better reinforcement such as high elastic response, wide range of performance grade, high adherence, higher filler loading capacity, and better compromise between high and low temperature properties; which make them suitable for a broad range of applications such as road paving, roofing, shingles, waterproofing membranes, adhesive tapes and labels, contact and sprayable adhesives, and sealants.1. A counter tapered thermoplastic elastomer composition comprising: a counter tapered diblock A-[A\/B] copolymer comprising at least one conjugated diene monomer B and at least one monovinyl aromatic monomer A, wherein counter tapered means that the ratio of B to A in the [A\/B] block is lower proximal to the A block relative to the ratio of B to A distal to the A block, said diblock copolymer being further characterized in having: a peak molecular weight from 20,000 to 250,000; a monovinyl aromatic homopolymer block A with a peak molecular weight of at least 8,000; and a counter tapered copolymer block [A\/B] with a vinyl content of at least 15 weight percent based on the amount of conjugated diene units in the diblock copolymer; and a block copolymer comprising at least two of said counter tapered diblock A-[A\/B] copolymers, said block copolymer being further characterized in having: at least two homopolymer blocks A of the monovinyl aromatic monomer A and at least one copolymer block [A\/B] of the monovinyl aromatic monomer A and the conjugated diene monomer B; wherein the block copolymer is selected from the group consisting of linear triblock copolymers having a peak molecular weight that is at least about 1.5 times the peak molecular weight of the counter tapered diblock A-[A\/B] copolymer, multiarm block copolymers having a peak molecular weight that is at least about 2.5 times the peak molecular weight of the counter tapered diblock A-[A\/B] copolymer, and mixtures thereof.","label":"IndustConst","id":1468} +{"sentence":"Absorbent polymers having a reduced caking tendencyThe subject invention provides water-swellable polymer compositions having reduced caking tendencies. Such polymer compositions can be produced by employing quaternary ammonium salts. In addition to having reduced caking tendencies such polymers have reduced dust and substantially maintain or increase the surface tension of an aqueous fluid in equilibrium with the polymer and air.1. A non-dusty, anti-caking composition comprising: a) water-absorbent lightly crosslinked water-insoluble polymer particles; b) an effective amount of a cationic surfactant anti-caking agent; and c) from about 100 ppm to about 6000 ppm based on the weight of the polymer particles of a hydrophilic dedusting agent.","label":"Household","id":1469} +{"sentence":"Highly efficient heat cycle deviceA high-efficient heat cycle device formed by combining a heat engine with a refrigerating machine, wherein steam generated in a boiler is cooled by a condenser after driving turbine, built up by a pump, and circulated into the boiler in the form of high-pressure condensate. Refrigerant gas compressed by a compressor is passed through the radiating side of a heat exchanger for cooling after driving the turbine to output a work, and built up by a pump to form high-pressure refrigerant liquid. The high-pressure refrigerant liquid drives a reaction water-turbine to output a work and is expanded and vaporized to form refrigerant gas. The refrigerant gas is led into the compressor after being passed through the heat absorbing side of the heat exchanger and the condenser for heating.1. A heat cycle system comprising: a compressor configured to compress a working gas; a turbine configured to be driven by the working gas compressed in the compressor; a first heat exchanger having a heat dissipating side; a second heat exchanger; a pump configured to be able to raise the pressure of the working gas; and a reaction water turbine, wherein the working gas is cooled by passing through the heat dissipating side of the first heat exchanger and then raised in pressure by the pump to form high-pressure working liquid after being compressed by the compressor and driving the turbine to deliver work, said high-pressure working liquid driving the reaction water turbine to deliver additional work while being expanded and evaporated to form the working gas, said working gas being heated through the first heat exchanger and through the second heat exchanger before being introduced into the compressor, the additional work being delivered from the reaction water turbine and power consumed by the pump approximately canceling each other.","label":"Process","id":1470} +{"sentence":"Absorbent article comprising an absorbent structure[none] An absorbent article, such as a diaper, an incontinence pad, a sanitary towel or the like, which has a liquid-permeable upper surface and includes an absorbent structure which includes at least a first superabsorbent material and a second superabsorbent material. The first superabsorbent material is an odor-inhibiting and\/or bacteria-inhibiting superabsorbent material, and has a higher absorption rate than the second superabsorbent material.1 . An absorbent article comprising a liquid-permeable upper surface and comprising an absorbent structure which comprises at least a first superabsorbent material and a second superabsorbent material, wherein the first superabsorbent material is an odor-inhibiting or bacteria-inhibiting superabsorbent material, and in that the first superabsorbent material has a higher absorption rate than the second superabsorbent material.","label":"Household","id":1471} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymer with high permeabilityThe invention relates to absorptive, crosslinked polymers which are based on partly neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers carrying acid groups wherein the absorptive crosslinked polymer may be coated with a thermoplastic polymer, and have improved properties, in particular in respect of their capacity for transportation of liquids in the swollen state, and which has a high gel bed permeability and high centrifuge retention capacity.1. A superabsorbent polymer composition comprising a superabsorbent polymer consisting essentially of: a) from about 55 to about 99.9 wt. % of polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomers; b) from about 0.001 to about 5.0% by weight of internal crosslinking agent based on the weight of a); wherein elements a) and b) are polymerized and prepared into superabsorbent polymer particles; wherein the superabsorbent polymer particles further comprise the following surface additives c) from about 0.001 to about 5.0% by weight of surface crosslinking agent applied to the particle surface based on dry polymer powder weight; d) from about 0.01% to about 5 wt. % by weight of a penetration modifier immediately before, during or immediately after the surface crosslinking step based on dry polymer powder weight; e) from 0 to about 5% by weight of a multivalent metal salt on the particle surface based on dry polymer powder weight; f) from 0 to 2% by weight of a surfactant on the particle surface based on dry polymer powder weight; g) from about 0.01 to about 5% by weight of an insoluble, inorganic powder based on dry polymer powder weight; and h) from about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer based on dry polymer powder weight, said thermoplastic polymer having a thermoplastic melt temperature wherein the thermoplastic polymer is applied on and fully encapsulates the particle surface coincident with or followed by a temperature at least about the thermoplastic melt temperature or greater, wherein the superabsorbent polymer composition has a degree of neutralization of more than about 25%; and having the characteristics of centrifuge retention capacity of about 25 g\/g or more; a gel bed permeability I of about 500×10−9cm2or more; or a gel bed permeability II of about 300×10−9cm2or more.","label":"Household","id":1472} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition containing an alkoxysilane coupled in-chain functionalized elastomer and tire with component thereofThis invention relates to a precipitated silica reinforced conjugated diene-based elastomer composition containing an alkoxysilane coupled, in-chain functionalized, conjugated diene-based elastomer and to a tire having at least one component thereof. Said in-chain functionalized conjugated diene-based elastomer is a conjugated diene-based elastomer which contains a plurality of at least one of in-chain p- and m-(2-pyrrolidinoethyl) styrene (PES) and m-(2-pyrrolidino-1-methylethyl) alpha-methylstyrene (PAMS) groups.1. An end coupled in-chain functionalized conjugated diene elastomer which is comprised of a conjugated diene-based elastomer comprised of: (A) a polymer of at least one of isoprene or 1,3-butadiene or their mixtures, or (B) polymer of styrene or alpha methyl styrene with at least one of isoprene or 1,3-butadiene or their mixtures, wherein said conjugated diene elastomer is in-chain functionalized by containing a plurality of functionalized styrene units distributed in the elastomer chain comprised of: (C) p- and\/or m-(2-pyrrolidinoethyl) styrene or their mixture, or (D) m-(2-pyrrolidino-1-methylethyl) alpha-methylstyrene; wherein said in-chain functionalized conjugated diene-based elastomer is end coupled with an alkoxysilane agent comprised of a capped organoalkoxymercaptosilane in the sense of having its mercapto moiety capped with a moiety which uncaps the said mercapto moiety upon heating to an elevated temperature in the presence of an amine rubber sulfur cure activator; wherein said end coupled in-chain functionalized conjugated diene-based elastomer is of a bimodal molecular weight configuration with from 20 to 60 percent of said in-chain functionalized conjugated diene-based elastomer being end coupled.","label":"Automobile","id":1473} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbing resin particles, water-absorbing resin particles made by the process, and absorbent materials and absorbent articles made by using the particlesThe present invention provides a process for producing water-absorbing resin particles which possess a high water retention capacity (absorbing capacity), a high water-absorbing capacity under pressure, and a high gel strength and a small amount of water-soluble substance and is favorably usable in sanitary materials; water-absorbing resin particles obtained by the process; and absorbent materials and absorbent articles made by using the particles. More specifically, the water-absorbing resin particles are produced by a process for producing water-absorbing resin particles, comprising a step of a post-crosslinking reaction by adding a post-crosslinking agent in at least two stages to a water-absorbing resin particle precursor obtained by polymerization of a water-soluble ethylenic unsaturated monomer to carry out the post-crosslinking reaction.1. A process for producing a water-absorbing resin particle, comprising a step of adding a post-crosslinking agent in at least two stages to a water-absorbing resin particle precursor obtained by polymerzing a water-soluble ethylenic unsaturated monomer to carry out a post-crosslinking reaction; wherein the process comprises: a first post-crosslinking reaction step of adding a post-crosslinking agent to a water-absorbing resin particle precursor having a water content of not less than 35% to carry out a post-crosslinking reaction; a water content adjustment step of reducing a water content of the post-crosslinked water-absorbing resin particle precursor to not less than 15% and less than 35%; and a second post-crosslinking reaction step of adding a post-crosslinking agent to the post-crosslinked water-absorbing resin particle precursor having a reduced water content to carry out a post-crosslinking reaction.","label":"Household","id":1474} +{"sentence":"Polypropylene block-copolymer resin and process for producing itPolypropylene block-copolymer resin exhibiting high melt tension and improved moldability with balanced stiffness and impact resistance may be molded at high speed into large-sized articles, including, stretched films, with good appearance and resistance to deformation. The block copolymer includes a higher molecular weight polypropylene segment, a lower molecular weight polypropylene segment and an ethylene α-olefin copolymer segment. When subjected to dissolution fractionation m paraxylene, a large proportion is insoluble at 23° C. but soluble at 135° C., and a smaller portion is soluble at 23° C. The block copolymer has a melt flow rate of 0.01 to 5 g\/10 min at 230 C. (2.16 kg) and a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 6-20 and Mz\/Mw of at least 3.5. A continuous multistage polymerization may be used to form the block copolymer.1. A polypropylene block-copolymer resin comprising (A) 10-50% by weight of a higher molecular weight polypropylene part having an intrinsic viscosity [η], determined in decalin at 135° C., of 6-13 dl\/g, (B) 10-89% by weight of a lower molecular weight polypropylene part having an intrinsic viscosity [η], determined in decalin at 135° C. of lower than 6 dl\/g and (C) 1-40% by weight of an ethylene\/α-olefin copolymer part having an intrinsic viscosity [η], determined in decalin at 135° C., of 0.1-13 dl\/g, wherein the block-copolymer resin has, when being subjected to a dissolution fractionation with paraxylene, contents of constituent components of (X) 2-39% by weight of a component soluble in paraxylene of 23° C. and (Y) 61-98% by weight of a component soluble in paraxylene of 135° C. but insoluble in paraxylene of 23° C. and exhibits the following characteristics features <<1>> and <<2>>, namely, <<1>> a melt flow rate (MFR), determined at 230° C. under a load of 2.16 kg, of 0.01-5 g\/10 min. and <<2>> a molecular weight distribution expressed by Mw\/Mn, determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of 6-20 and an Mz\/Mw value of at least 3.5.","label":"Construct","id":1475} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of a metaloorganic compound comprising at least one imine ligandThe invention relates to a process for the preparation of a metalorganic compound, comprising at least one imine ligand, characterized in that an imine ligand according to formula 1, or the HA adduct thereof, wherein HA represents an acid, of which H represents its proton and A its conjugate base, is contacted with a metal-organic reagent of formula 2 in the presence of at least 1, respectively 2 equivalents of an inorganic or metal-organic base, wherein Y═N—R (formula 1), Y is selected from a substituted carbon, nitrogen or phosphorous atom, R represents a proton, a protic or an aprotic substituent, and the metal organic compound is: Mv(L1)k(L2)I(L3)m(L4)nX (formula 2) wherein: M represents a group 4 or group 5 metal ion, V represents the valency of the metal ion, being 3, 4 or 5, L1, L2, L3, and L4 represent ligands on M and may be equal or different, X represents a group 17 halogen atom, and k, l, m, n=0, 1, 2, 3, 4 with k+l+m+n+1=V. The invention further relates to a process for the preparation of a polyolefin by making a metal-organic compound according to the process of the invention, wherein the base is an olefin polymerisation compatible base, which metal-organic compound is activated anywhere in, or before a polymerisation reactor.1 . A process for the preparation of a metal-organic compound, comprising contacting the HA adduct of at least one imine ligand according to formula 1, wherein HA represents an acid, of which H represents its proton and A its conjugate base, is contacted with a metal-organic reagent of formula 2 in the presence of at least 1, respectively 2 equivalents of an inorganic or metal-organic base, wherein Y═N—R  (formula 1) wherein Y is selected from a substituted phosphorous atom and R represents a proton, a protic or an aprotic substituent, and: MV(L1)k(L2)l(L3)m(L4)nX  (formula 2) wherein: M represents a group 4 or group 5 metal ion V represents the valency of the metal ion, being 3, 4 or 5 L1, L2, L3, and L4 represent ligands on M and may be equal or different X represents a group 17 halogen atom k, l, m, n=0, 1, 2, 3, 4 with k+l+m+n+1=V","label":"Catalyst","id":1476} +{"sentence":"PLASTICIZED POLYAMIDE COMPOSITIONSPlasticized compositions comprising polyamide or polyamide\/ionomer blend and poly(trimethylene ether glycol) ester are provided. Also articles prepared from these compositions are provided.1 . A polymer composition, comprising an effective amount of plasticizer in polyamide base polymer, wherein the plasticizer comprises an aromatic ester of poly(trimethylene ether) glycol with a number average molecular weight of 1000 or less.","label":"HouseConst","id":1477} +{"sentence":"Silane compound having at least two protected functional groups and method for preparing the sameA silane compound of the following formula (1) having two or more protected functional groups A-R—Si(CH3)nX3-n  (1) wherein A represents a group of the following formula wherein R1, R2and R3each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a is an integer of 1 to 10, and b is an integer of 1 to 10, or wherein R1, R2and R3are as defined above, R represents a linear or branched, divalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, X represents a halogen atom or an organoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and n is 0, 1 or 2 is prevented from the reaction of the functional groups per self when undergoing modification or treatment. When the protection is removed after introduction of the protected functional groups, quantitative and efficient introduction of the two or more functional groups is ensured, resulting in more developed effects of modification and addition.1. A silane compound of the following formula (1) having two or more protected functional groups A—R—Si(CH3)nX3-n  (1) wherein A represents a group of the following formula wherein R1, R2and R3each independently represent a monovalent hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a is an integer of 1 to 10, and b is an integer of 1 to 10, or a group of the following formula wherein R1, R2and R3are as defined above, R represents a linear or branched, divalent hydrocarbon group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, X represents an organoxy group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and n is 0,1 or 2.","label":"Automobile","id":1478} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer and molded article thereofA novel ethylene-α-olefin copolymer and a molded article formed therefrom, wherein (A) a density is 0.870 to 0.945 g\/cm3,(B) a relation between an activation energy of flow Ea (J\/mole K) obtained by measurement of viscoelasticity at at least three temperatures in the molten state and a melt flow rate MFR (g\/10 min) satisfies the following equation (1): [Equation] logEa≥4.6-0.04×logMFR (1), (C) a coefficient Cx of variation of chemical composition distribution represented by the following equation (2) is 0.40 to 0.80: [Equation] Cx=σ\/SCBave (2) wherein σ is a standard deviation of chemical composition distribution (1\/1,000 C) and SCBaveis the average of short chain branchings per 1,000 C (1\/1,000 C), (D) a ratio of a weight average molecular weight Mw to a number average molecular weight Mn (Mw\/Mn) is 3 to 20, and (F) a ratio (TVR) of trans-vinylene type carbon-carbon double bonds to total carbon-carbon double bonds as determined with an infrared absorption spectrum being 1 to 30%.1. An ethylene-α-olefin copolymer in which (A) a density is 0.870 to 0.945 g\/cm3,(B) a relation between an activation energy of flow Ea (J\/mole K) obtained by measurement of viscoelasticity at at least three temperatures in the molten state and a melt flow rate MFR (g\/10 min) satisfies the following equation (1): [Equation] logEa≥4.6-0.04×logMFR (1), (C) a coefficient Cx of variation of chemical composition distribution represented by the following equation (2) is 0.40 to 0.80: [Equation] Cx=σ\/SCBave ( 2) wherein σ is a standard deviation of chemical composition distribution (1\/1,000 C) and SCBaveis the average of short chain branchings per 1,000 C (1\/1,000 C), (D) a ratio of a weight average molecular weight Mw to a number average molecular weight Mn (Mw\/Mn) is 3 to 20, and (F) a ratio (TVR) of trans-vinylene type carbon-carbon double bonds to total carbon-carbon double bonds as determined with an infrared absorption spectrum being 1 to 30%.","label":"Construct","id":1479} +{"sentence":"Ethylene oligomerization catalyst systems having enhanced selectivityDisclosed herein is a catalyst system for selective oligomerization of ethylene, which comprises a P—C—C—P frame-work ligand, which is (R1)(R2)P—(R5)CHCH(R6)—P(R3)(R4), and a chromium-based metal compound. Also disclosed is a method of greatly enhancing the activity and selectivity of oligomerization, such as trimerization or tetramerization, using a ligand having a specific steric arrangement structure.1. A method of producing 1-hexene by selectively trimerizing ethylene using a catalyst system comprising a transition metal or transition metal precursor, a promoter and a ligand represented by any one of the following formulas 1 to 4, wherein the promoter is methylaluminoxane (MAO) or ethylaluminoxane (EAO) and the ligand is sterically asymmetric with respect to a plane of symmetry: wherein R1, R2, R3and R4are each independently hydrocarbyl, substituted hydrocarbyl, heterohydrocarbyl or substituted heterohydrocarbyl, R5and R6are each independently hydrocarbyl or substituted hydrocarbyl, and A is hydrocarbylene, substituted hydrocarbylene, heterohydrocarbylene or substituted heterohydrocarbylene.","label":"Catalyst","id":1480} +{"sentence":"Process for producing finely divided aqueous emulsions from materials of limited water solubilityProcess for producing finely divided aqueous emulsions from materials of ited water solubility. These materials are diffused into pre-formed particles dispersed in water which are formed from vinyl compounds by emulsion polymerization under conditions which cause the pre-formed seed latex to include in the particles 10-100 percent oligomers having a molecular weght of 200-10,000. These seed particles take up 20-500 times their own volume of the material of limited water solubility.1. Process for producing finely divided, aqueous emulsions of a material of limited water solubility which comprises absorbing said material by diffusion into pre-formed particles dispersed in water as a seed latex formed by the emulsion polymerisation of a vinyl compound under conditions causing said latex to include in the particles 10-100% oligomers having a molecular weight of 200-10000, said particles having the ability to take up 20-500 times their own volume of said material.","label":"IndustConst","id":1481} +{"sentence":"Polyurethane compositions and articles prepared therefrom, and methods for making the sameThe invention provides a composition comprising the following: at least one olefin-based polymer, at least one halogenated ethylene-based polymer, or at least one elastomer rubber; at least one thermoplastic polyurethane; and at least one polydiene- or polydiol-based polyurethane. These compositions are well-suited for promoting the adhesion between polar (for example, polyester, polycarbonate and polylactic acid) and non-polar materials and for the manufacture of, among other things, films, fibers, sheets and tie layers, tubes, adhesives, dispersions, protective apparel, footwear, coatings, laminates and foams.1. A composition comprising the following: A) 55 to 80 weight percent of an olefin-based polymer; B) 15 to 35 weight percent of a thermoplastic polyurethane; and C) 5 to 10 weight percent of a polydiene-based or polydiol-based polyurethane other than B), wherein the olefin-based polymer is selected from the group consisting of homogeneously branched linear ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymers, homogeneously branched substantially linear ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymers, ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymers having a PRR greater than, or equal to 4, and propylene\/α-olefin interpolymer.","label":"Household","id":1482} +{"sentence":"Impact modified polylactide resinsPolylactide resins are blended with core-shell rubber particles to improve impact strength. A good balance of impact strength and transparency is achieved when the rubber particles are distributed within the polymer matrix such that most of them exist as single particles or agglomerates having a diameter of 150 nanometers or more, and the number average size of the particles and agglomerates is not more than 210 nanometers.1. An impact modified polylactide resin comprising a continuous polymer matrix having from 5 to 10% by weight of impact modifier particles dispersed therein, wherein a) at least 90% by weight of the continuous polymer matrix is one or more polylactides, b) the impact modifier is distributed within the polylactide resin as larger particles or agglomerates or both having a diameter of at least 150 nanometers and smaller particles or agglomerates having a diameter of from 10 to 150 nanometers, such that upon imaging a planar surface of the blend using transmission electron spectroscopy, 1) the imaged area of the larger particles and agglomerates constitute from 60 to 95% of the total area of the imaged particles and 2) the number average particle size of all particles and agglomerates is no greater than 210 nanometers; wherein the impact modifier is a core-shell rubber characterized by having (1) a crosslinked rubbery core having a Tg of less than −10° C.; (2) a shell of a polymer having a Tg of at least 50° C.; and (3) a refractive index in the range of from 1.430 to 1.485 and further wherein has a dart impact strength of from 4 to 20 ft-lbs (5.4-27 J) and a haze of no greater than 10%.","label":"Automobile","id":1483} +{"sentence":"Apparatus for producing ethylbenzene or cumeneThe apparatus includes an alkylation unit connected to a first benzene recycle conduit, a feed conduit and an alkylation effluent conduit; a transalkylation unit connected to an polyalkylbenzene recycle conduit, a second benzene recycle conduit, and a transalkylation effluent conduit. A dividing wall distillation column is in fluid communication with the transalkylation effluent conduit, the alkylation effluent conduit, a product stream, a bottoms stream conduit and first and second benzene recycle conduits. A polyalkylbenzene fractionation column is connected to the bottoms stream conduit, the polyalkylbenzene recycle conduit and a heavy component conduit.1. An apparatus for the generation of ethylbenzene or cumene comprising: an alkylation unit containing an alkylation catalyst; at least one alkylation feed conduit and a first benzene recycle conduit in fluid communication with the alkylation unit; at least one alkylation effluent conduit in fluid communication with the alkylation unit; a transalkylation unit containing a transalkylation catalyst; at least a second benzene recycle conduit and a polyalkylbenzene conduit in fluid communication with the transalkylation unit; at least one transalkylation effluent conduit in fluid communication with the transalkylation unit; a dividing wall fractionation column which is divided into at least a first and a second parallel fractionation zone by a dividing wall, with the first and the second fractionation zones each having an upper and a lower end located within the fractionation column, with the first and second fractionation zones being in open communication at their upper ends with an undivided upper section of the fractionation column and in open communication at their lower ends with an undivided lower section of the fractionation column, wherein the alkylation effluent conduit and the transalkylation effluent conduit are in fluid communication with the dividing wall fractionation column at one or more intermediate points of the first fractionation zone; wherein the first benzene recycle conduit is in fluid communication with a first end of the dividing wall fractionation column, and wherein the second benzene recycle conduit in fluid communication with an intermediate point of the second fractionation zone of the dividing wall fractionation column; a product stream conduit in fluid communication with an intermediate point of the second fractionation zone of the dividing wall fractionation column; a bottoms conduit in fluid communication with the second end of the dividing wall fractionation column; a fractionation column wherein the bottoms conduit is in fluid communication with an intermediate point of the fractionation column, the polyalkylbenzene conduit is in fluid communication with a first end of the fractionation column, and a heavies conduit is in fluid communication with a second end of the fractionation column.","label":"Process","id":1484} +{"sentence":"Silica gel of improved properties and process of making sameA silica gel of improved hardness and abrasion resistance, increased adsorption power, and other valuable properties is produced by a highly economic process. A useful manufacturing system for making such silica gel and a simple apparatus for producing silica gel spheres of considerably larger diameter than heretofore known are provided.1. In a process of producing silica gel, including the steps of precipitating a silicic acid-containing starting materials and acid reactant to first form an unstable silicic acid containing sol as an intermediate product, subsequently gelling the sol, washing the gel to remove the salts, and drying the gel, the improvements which comprise carrying out the precipitation process in two steps, wherein in the first step a first silicic acid-containing starting material with a silicon dioxide content between about 20% and about 32% by weight is introduced in such a fine distribution and at such a high discharge velocity into the acid reactant, while being subjected to high speed agitation, until a pH-value of the acid reactant between about 1.5 and about 1.8 is attained, that instantaneous reaction between the acid and the silicic acid containing starting material takes place without any precipitation of silicic acid, and wherein in the second precipitation step a second silicic acid-containing starting material having a silicon dioxide content between about 8% and about 14% by weight is introduced into the acid reactant until a pH-value of between about 2.6 and about 3.5 is attained, thereby producing a sol having a silicon dixoide content of about 14% to about 18% by weight, and carrying out the washing step by washing with a washing liquid of a pH between about 1.8 and about 12.0.","label":"IndustConst","id":1485} +{"sentence":"Polymer blends comprising low molecular weight nitrile rubberThe present invention relates to a polymer blend containing at least one nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) below 10 and at least one nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) above 30 wherein said polymer blend has a multi-modal molecular weight distribution, a process for preparing said polymer blend wherein at least one nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) below 10 and at least one nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) above 30 are mixed in a solvent and the blend is isolated from the solvent. The present invention also relates to a process for the manufacture of a shaped article including the step of injection molding the polymer blend.1. A polymer blend comprising at least one nitrite rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) below 10 and at least one nitrile rubber polymer having a Mooney viscosity (ML 1+4 @ 100° C.) above 30 wherein said polymer blend has a multi-modal molecular weight distribution.","label":"IndustConst","id":1486} +{"sentence":"Process for producing (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acroleinA method for producing (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrolein, comprising a catalytic gas phase oxidation process for producing (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrolein by supplying propylene, propane, or isobutylene and a gas containing molecular oxygen to a reactor which contains a catalyst filled therein, wherein a gas containing molecular oxygen is supplied to the reactor having the catalyst filled therein during shutdown of the catalytic gas phase oxidation process does not lower the reaction activity of the catalyst and the selectivity of target products when re-starting the running after shutdown of the catalytic gas phase oxidation process.1. A method for producing (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrolein, comprising: (a) supplying propylene, propane, or isobutylene and a first gas comprising molecular oxygen to a reactor which contains a catalyst, to effect catalytic gas phase oxidation of said propylene, propane, or isobutylene, to obtain (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrolein; and (b) shutting down said reactor by reducing said supplying of said propylene, propane, or isobutylene; wherein a second gas comprising molecular oxygen is supplied to said reactor during said shutting down of said reactor, to maintain said catalyst in an oxidized state.","label":"Process","id":1487} +{"sentence":"Low gloss thermoplastic resin composition having improved scratch resistanceA low gloss thermoplastic resin composition can have improved scratch resistance, and includes a silicon compound-grafted aromatic vinyl-vinyl cyanide-based copolymer to improve mechanical physical properties such as scratch resistance, and the like, and to implement low gloss property. The low gloss composition can be used in a vehicle interior material.1. A low gloss thermoplastic resin composition having improved scratch resistance comprising: a rubber-modified vinyl-based graft copolymer (A); a (meth)acrylic resin (B); and a silicon-containing aromatic vinyl-vinyl cyanide-based copolymer (C), wherein a molded article formed of the composition satisfies the following Equations 1 to 3: H≦hardness≦7H  [Equation 1] 13≦IZOD≦30  [Equation 2] 50≦Gloss≦90  [Equation 3] wherein in Equation 1 above, hardness is a pencil hardness according to JIS K5401 standard, in Equation 2 above, IZOD is an IZOD impact strength (kgf·cm\/cm) according to ASTM D256 standard, and in Equation 3 above, Gloss is a gloss according to ASTM D523 standard.","label":"Automobile","id":1488} +{"sentence":"Method for removal of residual monomers from water-absorbing polymer particlesA process for removing residual monomers from water-absorbing polymer particles by thermally aftertreating the water-absorbing polymer particles in a mixer with rotating mixing tools at a temperature of at least 60° C. in the presence of water and of a surfactant.1. A process for removing residual monomers from water-absorbing polymer particles by thermally aftertreating the water-absorbing polymer particles in a mixer having rotating mixing tools, the water-absorbing polymer particles during the thermal aftertreatment having a temperature of at least 60° C. and a water content of at least 8% by weight, with addition of water or an aqueous solution before or during the thermal aftertreatment and\/or of a steam-comprising gas stream during the thermal aftertreatment, wherein process comprises performing the thermal aftertreatment in the presence of at least one surfactant, the at least one surfactant having a polar group and a nonpolar group, the polar group and the nonpolar group of the surfactant not being joined via a carboxylic ester group, and the polar group having at least one hydroxyl group, a cationic group, or an anionic group and the nonpolar group having a C4- to C20-alkyl chain.","label":"Household","id":1489} +{"sentence":"Fractionation system for stabilizing natural gasolineImproved operation of an LPG fractionating facility having a deethanizer, depropanizer and debutanizer is obtained by operating the deethanizer at a lower pressure than conventional, (e.g., less than 500 psig), thereby reducing the temperature of the deethanizer bottoms such that the debutanizer operated at greater than conventional pressure (e.g., over 100 psig) produces a mixed butane overhead at a higher temperature than the deethanizer bottoms whereby the mixed butane overhead is condensed and cooled by indirect contact with the deethanizer bottoms thereby heating the bottoms and supplying a substantial portion of the energy required for the fractionation in the deethanizer. The energy reduction for the three column system through the improved heat recovery system is 10% to 50% depending upon the feed composition.1. A process for fractionating liquid hydrocarbons comprising: (a) fractionating a hydrocarbon stream comprising ethane and mixed butanes in a deethanizing fractionation zone operated at a pressure to produce a first temperature in the bottoms of said deethanizing zone; (b) separating said ethane as an overhead product and recovering the bottoms containing said mixed butanes from said deethanizing zone; (c) fractionating said bottoms containing mixed butanes in a debutanizing fractionation zone operated at a pressure to produce a mixed butane overhead at a second temperature sufficiently higher than said first temperature, whereby indirect contact between the mixed butane overhead and said bottoms of said deethanizing zone will cause heat to be transferred from said mixed butanes overhead to said bottoms; and (d) indirectly contacting said mixed butane overhead from said debutanizing zone with said bottoms from the deethanizing fractionation zone thereby substantially condensing said mixed butanes overhead.","label":"Process","id":1490} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-.alpha.-olefin copolymer and composition, and film, laminate and electrical insulating material comprising sameA laminate containing a polyolefin resin composition containing ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having: (A) a density d of 0.86 to 0.96 g\/cm3; (B) a melt flow rate MFR of 0.01 to 200 g\/10 min; (C) a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 1.5 to 4.5; (D) a composition distribution parameter Cb of 1.08 to 2.00; and (E) an orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X (wt %), at 25° C. a density of d (g\/cm3) and a melt flow rate MFR (g\/10 min) satisfying that: (i) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (I): [Equation] d-0.008×log MFR≥0.93 (I) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (II): [Equation] X<2.0 (II) (ii) when the density d and the melt flow rate MFR satisfy relationship (III): [Equation] d-0.008×log MFR<0.93 (II) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content X satisfies relationship (IV): [Equation] X<9.8×103×(0.9300-d+0.008×log MFR)2+2.0 (IV)1. A laminated material comprising a film; wherein said film comprises an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer; wherein said copolymer has: (A) a density (d) of 0.86 to 0.96 g\/cm3; (B) a melt flow rate (MFR) of 0.01 to 200 g\/10 min; (C) a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of 1.8 to 3.5; (D) a composition distribution parameter (Cb) of 1.10 to 2.00; and (E) an orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content (X, wt %) at 25° C. a density (d, g\/cm3) and a melt flow rate (MFR, g\/10 min) satisfying that: (i) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate (MFR) satisfy relationship (I): [Equation] d-0.008×log MFR≥0.93 (I) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content (X) satisfies relationship (II): [Equation] X<2.0 (II) (ii) when the density (d) and the melt flow rate (MFR) satisfy relationship (III): [Equation] d-0.008×log MFR<0.93 (III) the orthodichlorobenzene-soluble content (X) satisfies relationship (IV): [Equation] X<9.8×103×(0.9300-d+0.008×log MFR)2+2.0 (IV) wherein said copolymer has a number of peaks on an elution temperature-eluted amount curve determined by continuous temperature rising elution fractionation method (TREF) of 2 or more.","label":"HouseConst","id":1491} +{"sentence":"INSULATED BUILDING MATERIALSThe present invention provides several methods and materials for use in building construction that may require air and water barrier, and water vapor permeability along with thermal or acoustic insulation. Several embodiments provide materials for a variety of building construction needs that can help build next generation green buildings.1 . A material comprising an aerogel in a substantially planar form attached to a planar breathable material.","label":"IndustConst","id":1492} +{"sentence":"Crosslinkable polyolefin compositionA composition comprising: (a) polyolefin; (b) as a scorch inhibitor, 4,4'-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butyl phenol); 2,2'-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); or mixtures thereof; (c) hydroquinone; a substituted hydroquinone; or mixtures thereof in an amount sufficient to control color formation; and (d) an organic peroxide.1. A composition comprising: (a) polyolefin; (b) as a scorch inhibitor, 4,4's-thiobis(2-methyl-6-t-butyl phenol); 2,2's-thiobis(6-t-butyl-4-methylphenol); or mixtures thereof; (c) hydroquinone; a substituted hydroquinone; or mixtures thereof in an amount sufficient to control color formation; and (d) an organic peroxide.","label":"HouseConst","id":1493} +{"sentence":"Packaging process utilizing reclosable package having pressure-induced reclose seal which becomes stronger at low temperatureA product is packaged in a pressure-reclosable package comprising a multilayer film having a heat-sealable, pressure-reclosable inside layer. The inside layer contains a hyperbranched polyolefin having at least 70 side chain branches per 1000 carbon atoms and a density of up to about 0.885 g\/cc, and\/or an ethylene\/alpha-olefin elastomer having a density of up to about 0.885 g\/cc. The package is opened and a portion of the product removed, and a pressure-induced seal is used to re-close the package at a temperature of at least 11° C. The reclosed package is then placed in an environment having a temperature of from about −50° C to +1° C., so that a cooled pressure-reclosed seal at least doubles in strength.1 . A process for preparing and using a packaged product, comprising: (A) packaging a product in a pressure-reclosable package which substantially surrounds the product, the reclosable package comprising a multilayer film comprising a heat-sealable, pressure-reclosable inside layer comprising at least one member selected from the group consisting of: (i) a hyperbranched polyolefin having at least 70 side chain branches per 1000 carbon atoms and a density of up to about 0.885 g\/cc; and (ii) an ethylene\/alpha-olefin elastomer having a density of up to about 0.885 g\/cc; the multilayer film further comprising a second layer having a different polymeric composition, with the reclosable package being closed by sealing the inside layer to itself and\/or a different component of the package so that a closed package is produced; (B) opening the package whereby an opened package is formed; (C) removing from the package at least a portion of the product which is to be used or consumed, with a remainder of the product being left inside the opened package and\/or returned to the opened package; and (D) re-closing the opened package by pressing the pressure-reclosable inside layer against itself or any other component of the package, the re-closing of the opened package being carried out while at least a portion of the multilayer film which is being re-closed is at a temperature of at least 11° C., the re-closing of the package forming a pressure-induced seal of the inside layer to itself or any other component of the package, whereby a pressure-reclosed package is formed, the pressure-reclosed seal having an initial seal strength at room temperature of from about 0.05 pounds force per inch to about 2 pounds force per inch; and (E) placing the pressure-reclosed package in an environment having a temperature of from about −50° C. to +10° C., so that a cooled pressure-reclosed seal is formed, the cooled pressure-reclosed seal having a seal strength of at least double [at least 400 percent, at least 600; 200 to 5000 percent; 400 to 3000;","label":"Construct","id":1494} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of phenol and acetone from cumeneThe present invention relates to an improved method for producing phenol and acetone by oxidizing cumene into technical cumol hydroperoxide (CHP) through catalytic cleavage of the CHP. According to the invention, the oxidation products are concentrated to up to a cumene content ranging from 21 to 30 wt % in the technical cumol hydroperoxide, said mixture being used for the catalytic cleavage.1. An improved process for the production of phenol and acetone by oxidation of cumene to technical cumene hydroperoxide (CHP) with catalytic cleavage of the CHP, characterized in that the oxidation products are concentrated up to a cumene content in the technical cumene hydroperoxide of 21 to 30 wt. % and this mixture is subjected to the catalytic cleavage and further wherein that, the cleavage of dicumyl peroxide and dimethylphenylcarbinol is carried out in the tubular reactor in a reaction medium with a mole ratio of phenol:acetone:cumene of 1:(1-0.77): (0.35-0.87).","label":"Process","id":1495} +{"sentence":"Production of a water-absorbing resin to which a particulate additive is admixedThe invention relates to a process for producing a water-absorbing resin by polymerization of a reaction mixture comprising at least one hydrophilic monomer and, if appropriate, at least one crosslinker in a reactor, which comprises admixing the reaction mixture with at least one first portion of a particulate additive before the reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 40% of the overall residence time in the reactor and with at least one second portion of a particulate additive when the reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 45% or more of the overall residence time in the reactor, the additive being selected from water-absorbing resin powders, fillers and mixtures thereof, the total solids content of monomer and additive being in the range from 30% to 60% by weight, the amount of additive being in the range from 5% to 50% by weight, based on the monomers, and the weight ratio of the first portion to the second portion of the additive being in the range from 10:1 to 1:5. The resin powder is recycled fine-sized material for example. Not only the residual monomer content, specifically the residual crosslinker content, but also the level of extractables in the water-absorbing resin are reduced by the method of addition described. A high fraction of additives can be incorporated without the properties of the water-absorbing resin obtained being adversely affected. The additives enter a sufficiently firm bond with the resin, so that no excessive dusting occurs on exposure to mechanical stress.1. A process for producing a water-absorbing resin by polymerization of a reaction mixture comprising at least one hydrophilic monomer and, optionally, at least one crosslinker in a reactor, which comprises admixing the reaction mixture with at least one first portion of a particulate additive before a reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 40% of the overall residence time in the reactor and with at least one second portion of a particulate additive when the reaction mixture has reached a residence time of 45% or more of the overall residence time in the reactor, the additive being selected from the group consisting of water-absorbing resin powders, fillers, and mixtures thereof, a total solids content of monomer and additive being in the range from 30% to 60% by weight, an amount of additive being in the range from 5% to 50% by weight, based on the monomers, and a weight ratio of the first portion to the second portion of the additive being in the range from 10:1 to 1:5, wherein an aqueous solution of monomer is fed to an input end of a continuous operated reactor having at least two axially parallel rotating shafts, in which the reaction mixture is transported from the input end of the reactor to its output end as the polymerization progresses, and the first and second portions of the additive are admixed at two locations of the reactor which are spaced apart in the direction of transport of the monomer solution.","label":"Household","id":1496} +{"sentence":"Device for the separation of gaseous mixtures into components of different molecular massA device for the separation of gaseous mixtures into components of differing molecular mass. The device is designed according to the principle underlying a turbine or a turbomolecular pump. The device has a rotor that is equipped with discs made of magnetic material having blades at their periphery and is installed in a stationary casing having a gaseous mixture inlet and at least two gas outlets connected to a gas delivery tube, and to whose inside wall stator discs are attached between the rotor discs. The device further has voltage means. The gas delivery tube has controls connected thereto which keep the total pressure in the gaseous mixture below 10 Pa.1. A device for separation of gaseous mixtures into components of differing molecular mass, comprising: (a) a generally cylindrical stationary casing having a gaseous mixture inlet and at least two gas outlets for the separated gas components; (b) a rotor axle mounted within said casing coincident with its longitudinal axis; (c) a plurality of spaced apart rotor discs attached to said rotor axle and extending radially therefrom, each of said rotor discs having blades at their periphery and at least two said rotor discs being formed of magnetic material; (d) a plurality of spaced apart stator discs attached to the interior of said casing, extending radially inwardly between said rotor discs; (e) an electrical power source; (f) current amplification and retification means connected to said power source and to an electrical coil; (g) said electrical coil being connected to said electrical power source and disposed adjacent the exterior of said housing such that electrical current passing through said coil generates a magnetic moment in said rotor discs of magnetic material so as to rotate said rotor axle and said rotor discs; (h) delivery tube means connected to one of said at least two gas outlets; and (i) control means connected to said delivery tube means and which keeps the total pressure in the gaseous mixture below 10 Pa.","label":"HouseConst","id":1497} +{"sentence":"HEAT INSULATION SHEET AND METHOD OF PRODUCING THE SAMEA heat insulation sheet includes, as a substrate, a silica aerogel with low heat conductivity and high mechanical strength In a hydrophobization reaction of a hydrogel, a silane coupling agent having a reactive organic functional group is used to conduct hydrophobization, and, after volatilization of a solvent in a drying step, the temperature is elevated to 100° C. or higher that is a reaction-starting temperature, thereby reacting and bonding the reactive functional group and a fiber to each other. This allows prevention of detachment or loss of fine particles of silica xerogel from the unwoven fabric fiber.1 . A heat insulation sheet, comprising: a silica xerogel; and a fabric, wherein the silica xerogel and the fabric are chemically cross-linked to one another through a silane coupling agent having a reactive organic functional group.","label":"IndustConst","id":1498} +{"sentence":"Molding material and process for the production thereofBy depositing a thermoplastic resin powder inbetween the individual fibers of a reinforcing continuous fiber bundle and subsequently applying a solution of a binder resin dissolved in a solvent to the resulting reinforcing continuous fiber bundle, the thermoplastic resin powder is fixed inbetween the individual fibers via the binder resin which concurrently works to bind the individual fibers together. Then, the solvent of the binder resin is substantially removed from the resulting reinforcing continuous fiber bundle within a temperature zone not above the melting point or flow point of the thermoplastic resin powder. In the molding material produced by the method, the individual fibers of the reinforcing continuous fiber bundle, the individual fibers and the thermoplastic resin powder, and the individual thermoplastic resin powders are independently fixed together, all in a pin-point fashion via the binder resin, so the molding material contains substantially no solvent of the binder resin. The molding material of the present invention is non-adhesive and drapable, has good handleability, exhibits excellent lay-up workability and outstanding moldability, and dissociation of the thermoplastic resin powder is prevented. Articles molded from the molding material of the present invention have great composite properties and excellent appearance.1. A method for producing a molding material, comprising the steps of: 1) depositing a thermoplastic resin powder in between the individual fibers of a reinforcing continuous fiber bundle; 2) applying a solution of a binder resin dissolved in a solvent to the resulting reinforcing continuous fiber bundle with the deposited thermoplastic resin powder, whereby the thermoplastic resin powder is fixed at pin-point binding sites in between the individual fibers by the binder resin which concurrently binds the individual fibers together at pin-point binding sites; and 3) removing substantially all the solvent of the binder resin solution from the resulting binder resin-applied reinforcing continuous fiber bundle within a temperature zone at a temperature not above the melting point or flow point of the thermoplastic resin powder.","label":"IndustConst","id":1499} +{"sentence":"Apparatus for the production of a continuous composite materialA composite material consisting of at least three layers joined by welds, wherein, in order to prevent the intrusion of cold, as well as to improve the hand, the points of fusion do not join all layers, but in each case only a part thereof. It is especially suitable for the manufacture of clothing and bedding. A new process and apparatus for its manufacture is also disclosed.1. An apparatus for making a composite material comprising a web supply means for at least three continuous layers of sheet-like material, upper and lower rollers for feeding said layers, upper and lower comb-like guide elements, fusing means adjacent said feed rollers comprising upper and lower fusing tools, said guide elements disposed between said upper and lower rollers projecting toward said web supply means and having teeth-like extensions thereof extending rearwardly past said fusing means and spaces therebetween, said extensions of said upper guide elements having arcuate upper surfaces and flat lower surfaces, said extensions of said lower guide elements having arcuate lower surfaces and flat upper surfaces, said upper roller having arcuate segments and lands therebetween, adjacent and correspondingly arcuately shaped to said arcuate surface of said upper guide element, said lower rollers having arcuate segments and lands therebetween, adjacent and correspondingly arcuately shaped to said arcuate surface of said lower guide element, a space between said upper feed roller and said upper guide defining a first path for feeding said upper layer of said sheet-like material therebetween, a space between said upper guide and said lower guide defining a second path for feeding an intermediate layer of said sheet material therebetween, a space between said lower feed roller and said lower guide element defining a third path for feeding said lower layer of said sheet-like material therebetween, a space between said teeth-like extensions of said lower guide elements and said upper fusing tool defining an extension of said first path, a space between said teeth-like extensions of said upper guide element and said lower fusing tool defining an extension of said third path, said second path intercepting said first path in first linear zones between lands of the upper feed roller and the flat upper surfaces of the teeth-like extensions of the lower guide element and remaining co-extensive therewith until past said fusing means, said spaces between said extension of said upper guide element each coinciding with one of said first linear zones, said second path intercepting said third path in second linear zones, displaced laterally from said first linear zones, between lands of the lower feed roller and the flat lower surface of the teeth-like extensions of said upper guide element and remaining co-extensive therewith until past said fusing means, said spaces between said extensions of said lower guide element each coinciding with one of said second linear zones.","label":"IndustConst","id":1500} +{"sentence":"High-performance thermal insulation materialsThermal insulation material capable of being obtained from the mixture of at least the following elements: an aqueous foam; silica aerogel particles; and at least one binder selected from an organic binder and a mineral binder.1. A thermal insulation material, obtained from a mixture comprising: an aqueous foam; silica aerogel particles; and a binder comprising an organic binder, a mineral binder, or a mixture thereof, wherein the aqueous foam comprises water and, based on a total weight of the aqueous foam; from 35 to 45% of glycerol; greater than 0 and less than 0.5% of dodecyl polyoxyethylene-3-sulfate; greater than 0 and less than 0.5% of cocamidopropyl betaine; and greater than 0 and less than 0.05% of myristic acid.","label":"Household","id":1501} +{"sentence":"LDPE enabling high output and good optics when blended with other polymersAn ethylene-based polymer characterized as having a density from about 0.9 to about 0.94 grams per cubic centimeter, a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) from about 8 to about 30, a melt index (I2) from about 0.1 to about 50 grams per 10 minutes, a gpcBR value greater than 1.4 as determined by a gpcBR Branching Index and a Y value less than about 2 is disclosed. This ethylene-based polymer is especially useful for blending with other polymers such as LLDPE. When converting the blends into film, especially blown film, bubble stability and output is increased.1. A low density polyethylene (LDPE) characterized as having a density from about 0.9 to about 0.94 grams per cubic centimeter, a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) from about 8 to about 12, a melt index (I2) greater than 0.5 and less than 2 g\/10 minutes, a gpcBR value from about 1.4 to about 10 as determined by a gpcBR Branching Index, and a GPC-LS characterization Y value less than 1.2; and wherein the polymer is prepared in a reactor configuration comprising a tubular reactor comprising multiple reaction zones, and wherein each reaction zone receives a peroxide injection, and wherein the peak temperature in each reaction zone is from 305° C. to 310° C.; and wherein the Y value is calculated from the following equations: Y=Log(LSCDF)+3.5 LSCDF=Abs(A\/B*SF), SF=A Slope Function=Abs(x)+0.1, wherein A=A1+A2, wherein A1 is the area bound between a straight line drawn between two logarithmic cc-GPC molecular weights at 350,000 g\/mole and 1,320,000 g\/mole, and the concentration-normalized LS concentration curve, where the concentration-normalized LS response value of the straight line is greater than the concentration-normalized LS response value for the concentration-normalized LS chromatogram curve between the two logarithmic cc-GPC molecular weights; A2 is the area bound between a straight line drawn between two logarithmic cc-GPC molecular weights at 350,000 g\/mole and 1,320,000 g\/mole, and the concentration-normalized LS concentration curve, wherein the concentration-normalized LS response value of the straight line is less than the concentration-normalized LS response value for the concentration-normalized LS chromatogram curve between the two logarithmic cc-GPC molecular weights; B is the area under the concentration-normalized LS chromatogram curve between the two logarithmic cc-GPC molecular weight values; wherein the value of "x" is defined as follows: wherein the "log MW" terms are the above logarithmic cc-GPC molecular weights for Points 1 and 2, respectively, and the "LS response" terms are the concentration-normalized LS response values for Points 1 and 2, respectively.","label":"HouseConst","id":1502} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene compositions and pipe made from sameA polymer composition comprising a density equal to or greater than about 0.947 g\/cc, a high load melt index from about 1 g\/10 min to about 30 g\/10 min, and a tensile natural draw ratio less than about 14167 ρ-12958, where ρ is the density (g\/cc) of the composition. A polymer composition comprising a tensile natural draw ratio less than about 14167ρ-12958, where ρ is the density (g\/cc) of the composition and wherein less than about 1 weight percent of the composition comprises non-polymeric additives.1. A polymer composition comprising: a copolymer of ethylene and an alpha-olefin comonomer, wherein the alpha-olefin comonomer comprises propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-heptene, 1-octene, 1-nonene, 1-decene, or combinations thereof; a density equal to or greater than about 0.947 g\/cc; a high load melt index from about 1 g\/10 min to about 30 g\/10 min; and a tensile natural draw ratio less than about 14157ρ-12958, where ρ is the density (g\/cc) of the composition, wherein the tensile natural draw ratio is determined in accordance with ASTM D 638-00 at room temperature using a crosshead speed of 51 mm\/min, and wherein the polymer composition comprises a metallocene polyethylene.","label":"HouseConst","id":1503} +{"sentence":"Expandable styrene polymers containing recycled materialThe present invention relates to expandable styrene polymers containing recycled polystyrene, having a recycled material content of from 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the polystyrene, to which alkyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)amines have been added during the polymerization.1. A process for the preparation of an expandable styrene polymer which contains from 10 to 50% by weight, based on the total weight of the styrene polymer, of recycled polystyrene, in which the recycled polystyrene is dissolved in monomeric styrene and this solution being polymerized in aqueous suspension, wherein alkyldi(2-hydroxyethyl)amines are added to the reaction mixture after addition of the suspension stabilizer.","label":"Automobile","id":1504} +{"sentence":"Halogen substituted heteroatom-containing metallocene compounds for olefin polymerizationHalogen substituted metallocene compounds are described and comprise one or more monocyclic or polycyclic ligands that are pi-bonded to the metal atom and include at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to an sp2carbon atom at a bondable ring position of the ligand, wherein the or at least one ligand has one or more ring heteroatoms in its cyclic structure. When combined with a suitable activator, these compounds show activity in the polymerization of olefins, such as ethylene and propylene.1. A metallocene compound represented by the formula (4): wherein M is a Group 3, 4, 5 or 6 transition metal atom, or a lanthanide metal atom, or actinide metal atom; A is a substituted monocyclic or polycyclic ligand that is pi-bonded to M and is substituted with at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to any sp2carbon atom at a bondable ring position of the ligand, wherein A includes one or more ring heteroatoms selected from boron, a Group 14 atom that is not carbon, a Group 15 atom, or a Group 16 atom; Y is an optional bridging group that is bonded to A and T, and is present when y is one and absent when y is zero; y is zero or one; and T is a heteroatom with a coordination number of three from Group 15 or with a coordination number of two from Group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements; R″ is selected from a C3-C100 substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic ring structure substituent that is partially unsaturated, unsaturated or aromatic; or a C2-C100 substituted or unsubstituted, unsaturated or partially unsaturated, linear or branched alicyclic hydrocarbyl substituent; or a C1-C100 substituted or unsubstituted saturated hydrocarbyl radical; t is the coordination number of the heteroatom T where "t−1−y" indicates the number of R″ substituents bonded to T; and each X is a univalent anionic ligand, or two X are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two X are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand.","label":"Catalyst","id":1505} +{"sentence":"Narrow MWD, compositionally optimized ethylene interpolymer composition, process for making the same and article made therefromA polymer composition comprises at least two polymer components, the first component having an ATREF peak temperature, Tpeak1, and a viscosity average molecular weight, Mv1, and the second component having an ATREF peak temperature, Tpeak2, and a viscosity average molecular weight, Mv2, wherein the temperature differential between Tpeak2 and Tpeak1 decreases with increased composition density and Mv1\/Mv2 is less than or equal to 1.2. the composition is further characterized as having a Mw\/Mn of less than or equal to 3.3, an I10\/I2>6.6, and a composition density less than 0.945 gram\/cubic centimeter.1. A polymer composition comprising at least two ethylene polymer components, the first polymer component is a homogeneously branched linear ethylene polymer, wherein the composition is characterized as having: a) a Mw\/Mn of less than or equal to 3.3, as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), b) an I10\/I2 in the range of from greater than 6.6 to about 8.2, as determined in accordance ASTM D-1238, Condition 190° C.\/2.16 kg and Condition 190° C.\/10 kg, c) a composition density less than 0.945 gram\/cubic centimeter, as determined according to ASTM-792, d) the first polymer component having a first viscosity average molecular weight, Mv1, and the second polymer component having a second viscosity average molecular, Mv2, wherein Mv1\/Mv2 is less than or equal to 1, as determined using ATREF-DV, and e) a first ATREF peak temperature, Tpeak1, and a second ATREF peak temperature, Tpeak2, corresponding to the at least two components and as determined using analytical temperature rising elution fraction (ATREF), wherein the temperature differential between Tpeak2 and Tpeak1, ΔT, decreases with increased composition density such that ΔT is less than 23° C. at composition densities of greater than or equal to 0.926 g\/cm3and is greater than 43° C. at composition densities less than or equal to 0.92 g\/cm3.","label":"Construct","id":1506} +{"sentence":"Aerogel compositions with enhanced performanceAerogel materials, aerogel composites and the like may be improved by enhancing their smoke suppression, combustion reduction properties. It is additionally useful to provide aerogel based composites compatible with environments conducive to combustion. Such aerogel materials and methods of manufacturing the same are described.1. A flexible aerogel blanket comprising an aerogel material, the aerogel material comprising smoke suppressing filler and hydrophobic materials covalently attached to a surface of the aerogel material, wherein the smoke suppressing filler is embedded within the aerogel matrix.","label":"IndustConst","id":1507} +{"sentence":"Process for manufacturing single-site polyolefinsA dual olefin polymerization process is disclosed. The process uses a bridged indenoindolyl ligand-containing Group 4 transition metal complex and an activator. It is carried out in multiple stages or in multiple reactors. The same complex and the same activator are used in all stages or reactors. Different polyolefins are made in different stages or reactors by varying the monomer compositions, hydrogen concentrations, or both. The process of the invention produces polyolefins which have broad molecular weight distributions, composition distributions, or both.1. A dual process comprising two or more sequential stages: (1) polymerizing, in the presence of a bridged indenoindolyl ligand-containing group 4 transition metal complex and an activator, ethylene or a mixture of ethylene and a C3 to C10 α-olefin in a reactor in the presence of hydrogen at an ethylene\/α-olefin weight ratio greater than 95\/5 and a hydrogen\/ethylene molar ratio within the range of about 0.001\/1 to about 10\/1 to produce a high density polyethylene (HDPE); and (2) continuing the polymerization, in the presence of the same complex and the same activator as in stage (1), by adding a mixture of ethylene and a C3 to C10 α-olefin to the reactor at an ethylene\/α-olefin weight ratio less than 95\/5 and a hydrogen\/ethylene molar ratio less than 1\/1 to produce a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE).","label":"Catalyst","id":1508} +{"sentence":"DINT IN EXPANDED PVC PASTESThe invention relates to a foamable composition containing at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl butyrate, polyalkyl methacrylate and copolymers thereof, a foam former and\/or foam stabilizer and diisononyl terephthalate as plasticizer, wherein the average degree of branching of the isononyl groups in the ester is in the range from 1.15 to 2.5. The invention further relates to foamed mouldings and to the use of the foamable composition for floor coverings, wall coverings or artificial leather.1 . A foamable composition, comprising: a polymer; a foam former, a foam stabilizer, or a combination thereof; and diisononyl terephthalate as a plasticizer, wherein the polymer is at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl butyrate, polyhydroxyalkanoate, polyalkyl methacrylate, polyvinylidene chloride, and a copolymer thereof, and an average degree of branching of an isononyl group in a diisononyl terephthalate ester is from 1.15 to 2.5.","label":"HouseConst","id":1509} +{"sentence":"Transition metal compound, catalyst for addition polymerization, and process for producing addition polymerA transition metal compound represented by the general formula (3): wherein M represents a titanium atom, zirconium atom or hafnium atom in the +3 oxidation state; Cp 1 represents a group having a cyclopentadiene-containing anion skeleton; J represents an atom of XIV group in the periodic table of element; each of R 2 and R 3 independently represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group, substituted silyl group, alkoxy group, aralkyloxy group, aryloxy group or di-substituted amino group, and a plurality of R 2 s may bond mutually to form a ring; m represents an integer of from 0 to 4; E represents an oxygen atom or sulfur atom; R 1 represents an alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group or substituted silyl group; each of two Xs independently represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group, substituted silyl group, alkoxy group, aralkyloxy group, aryloxy group or di-substituted amino group, and two Xs may bond mutually to form a ring; D represents a neutral ligand coordinated on M; and n represents an integer of from 0 to 2.1. A transition metal compound represented by the general formula (3): wherein M represents a titanium atom, zirconium atom or hafnium atom in the +3 oxidation state; Cp 1 represents a group having a cyclopentadiene-containing anion skeleton; J represents an atom of XIV group in the periodic table of element; each of R 2 and R 3 independently represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group, substituted silyl group, alkoxy group, aralkyloxy group, aryloxy group or di-substituted amino group, and a plurality of R 2 s may bond mutually to form a ring; m represents an integer of from 0 to 4; E represents an oxygen atom or sulfur atom; R 1 represents an alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group or substituted silyl group; each of two Xs independently represents a hydrogen atom, halogen atom, alkyl group, aralkyl group, aryl group, substituted silyl group, alkoxy group, aralkyloxy group, aryloxy group or di-substituted amino group, and two Xs may bond mutually to form a ring; D represents a neutral ligand coordinated on M; and n represents an integer of from 0 to 2.","label":"Catalyst","id":1510} +{"sentence":"Method of increasing the size and absorption under load of superabsorbent fine particles by impregnation with an aqueous acrylic monomer solutionA method of enhancing the water absorbance of and increasing the particle size of fine water absorbent cross-linked polyacrylic polymer particles includes impregnating the polymer particles with an impregnating monomer solution containing an acrylic monomer, with or without a cross-linking agent for the acrylic monomer. The solution is impregnated into the resin in a weight ratio of cross-linked polyacrylic polymer, dry basis, to impregnating monomer solution in the range of about 1:1 to about 1:10; and subjecting the impregnated polymer to conditions, such as increased temperature, e.g., 100° C.-150° C. to polymerize the impregnated monomer, within the cross-linked polymer particles, to form a cross-linked polyacrylic polymer having enhanced water absorbance and increased particle size.1. A method of enhancing the water or aqueous medium absorbance and particle size of solid, water-absorbent, cross-linked polyacrylic polymer particles comprising: polymerizing and cross-linking an acrylic monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, neutralized acrylic acid, and mixtures thereof to form said solid cross-linked polyacrylic polymer, that is then dried sufficiently for grinding; grinding said dried, cross-linked polyacrylic polymer into polyacrylic polymer particles; separating a portion of the dried, cross-linked polyacrylic polymer particles for impregnation with a solution containing an acrylic monomer; mixing the separated, dried, cross-linked polyacrylic polymer particles with an impregnating monomer solution containing an acrylic monomer in a concentration of about 20% to about 80% by weight; wherein the monomer solution is impregnated into the separated, dried, cross-linked polyacrylic polymer particles in a weight ratio of solid polyacrylic polymer particles, dry basis, to impregnating monomer solution in the range of about 1:1 to about 1:10 to form a paste; and polymerizing the impregnated acrylic monomer within the impregnated polyacrylic polymer particles to form coherent agglomerates of said polyacrylic polymer particles having enhanced water absorbance.","label":"Household","id":1511} +{"sentence":"Polyolefin composition containing high molecular weight polyethylene glycol useful for electrical insulationA polyolefin composition for electrical insulation which comprises polyolefin or crosslinked polyolefin and a small quantity of high-molecular weight polyethylene glycol. This composition is far less vulnerable to the deterioration that occurs as dendroid voids when employed as an electrical insulation of high-tension power cables which are operated under water. The polyethylene glycol has more than 44 carbon atoms and is used in an amount from 0.3 to 10 wt % based on polyolefin.1. An electrical insulation composition, comprising: an organic polymeric electrical insulating material selected from the group consisting of polyolefin and crosslinked polyolefin, said insulating material containing blended therein from 0.3 to 10% by weight, based on the weight of said insulating material, of high molecular weight polyethylene glycol having more than 44 carbon atoms in the molecule.","label":"HouseConst","id":1512} +{"sentence":"Ethylene copolymer composition, sheet for sealing a solar cell element, and solar cell moduleAn ethylene copolymer composition which includes a zinc ionomer containing, as a main component, a copolymer having a constituent unit derived from ethylene and a constituent unit derived from (meth)acrylic acid, and a dialkoxysilane having an amino group, is provided. This makes it possible to increase the stability during sheet production. It is preferable that the content ratio of the dialkoxysilane is 15 parts by mass or less based on 100 parts by mass of the zinc ionomer.1. An ethylene copolymer composition comprising a zinc ionomer containing, as a main component, a copolymer having a constituent unit derived from ethylene, a constituent unit derived from (meth)acrylic acid, and a dialkoxysilane having an amino group, and a constituent unit derived from (meth)acrylic acid ester.","label":"HouseConst","id":1513} +{"sentence":"Polymerization catalysts and process for producing bimodal polymers in a single reactorCatalyst compositions comprising a first metallocene compound, a second metallocene compound, an activator-support, and an organoaluminum compound are provided. Methods for preparing and using such catalysts to produce polyolefins are also provided. The compositions and methods disclosed herein provide ethylene polymers having a HLMI of from about 0.5 to about 25, a polymer density of from about 0.920 to about 0.965, and a polydispersity of from about 3.0 to about 30.1. A catalyst composition comprising a first metallocene compound, an unbridged second metallocene compound, an activator-support, and an organoaluminum compound, wherein: (a) the first metallocene compound has the formula: (X1)(X2R12)(X3)(X4)M1; wherein (X1) is cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, or fluorenyl; (X2) is fluorenyl; (X1) and (X2) are connected by a disubstituted bridging group comprising one atom bonded to both (X1) and (X2), wherein the atom is carbon or silicon; a first substituent of the disubstituted bridging group is an aliphatic or aromatic group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a second substituent of the disubstituted bridging group is an unsaturated aliphatic group having from 3 to about 10 carbon atoms; R1is H, an alkyl group having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms, or an aryl group having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; (X3) and (X4) are independently an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, or a substituted derivative thereof, having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, or a halide; M1is Zr or Hf; (b) the second metallocene has the formula: (X5)(X6)(X7)(X8)M2; wherein (X5) is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, or substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, any substituent on (X5) is independently a linear or branched substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a linear or branched substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; (X6) is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl, or substituted or unsubstituted indenyl, any substituent on (X6) is independently a substituted linear alkyl group, a branched substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, or a linear or branched substituted or unsubstituted alkenyl group, having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; (X7) and (X8) are independently an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, or a substituted derivative thereof, having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, or a halide; and M2is Zr or Hf.","label":"HouseConst","id":1514} +{"sentence":"Method of preparing of 60% or more CIS-DI(C4-C20)alkyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylateProvided is a method for preparing 60% or more cis-di(C4-C20)alkyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate which exhibits superior plasticizing property for PVC resin. Instead of a phthalate- or terephthalate-based aromatic ester derivative, 60% or more cis-dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate is used as a starting material. The 60% or more cis-dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate is subjected to transesterification with (C4-C20) primary alcohol to prepare 60% or more cis-di(C4-C20)alkyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate. Methanol produced as a byproduct during the transesterification is removed and some of the primary alcohol, which is evaporated, is recycled. Thus prepared 60% or more cis-di(C4-C20)alkyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate exhibits superior plasticizer characteristics, including good plasticizing efficiency for PVC resin, high absorption rate, good product transparency after gelling, less bleeding toward the surface upon long-term use, and the like.1. A method for preparing 60% or more cis-di(C4-C20)alkyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate comprising subjecting 60% or more cis-dimethyl cyclohexane-1,4-dicarboxylate to transesterification with one or more alcohol(s) selected from (C4-C20) primary alcohol in a reactor in the presence of a catalyst.","label":"HouseConst","id":1515} +{"sentence":"Surface modification and promotion of vanadium antimony oxide catalystsThe process of manufacturing a catalyst having the following empirical formula: [Equation] VSbmAaDdOx where A is one or more of Ti, Sn, Fe, Cr, Ga, Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge, Nb, Zr, Mo, W, Cu, Te, Ta, Se, Bi, Ce, In, As, B and Mn, D is one or more of Li, Ag, Fe, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, (VO)2+,(PW12O40)3-and (PMo12O40)3- m is from about 0.5 to 10 a is 0.01 to 10 d is 0.0001 to 2.0, preferably 0.0001 to 0.1; x=number of oxygen ions necessary to satisfy the valency requirement comprising forming a catalyst precursor having the formula VSbmAaOx wherein m, A, a and x are defined above, adding at least one D element to the surface of said catalyst precursor and calcining the surface modified catalyst precursor to produce said catalyst.1. A process for the manufacture of a catalyst having the following empirical formula: [Equation] VSbmAaDdOx where A is one or more of Ti, Sn, Fe, Cr, Ga, Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Co, Ni, Zn, Ge, Nb, Zr, Mo, W, Cu, Te, Ta, Se, Bi, Ce, In, As, B and Mn, D is one or more of Li, Ag, Fe, Co, Cu, Cr, Mn, (VO)2+,(PW12O40)3-and (PMo12O40)3- m is from about 0.5 to 10 a is 0.01 to 10 d is 0.0001 to 2.0, preferably 0.0001 to 0.1; x=number of oxygen ions necessary to satisfy the valency requirement comprising forming a calcined catalyst precursor having the formula VSbmAaOx wherein m, A, a and x are defined above, adding at least one D element to the surface of said catalyst precursor and calcining the surface modified catalyst precursor to produce said catalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":1516} +{"sentence":"Process for producing cobalt- and iron-containing ferromagnetic powderCo- and Fe-containing ferromagnetic iron oxide powder having a high coercive force and improved stability to heat and pressure is produced by adding an aqueous alkali solution, an aqueous solution containing Co+2ions, and an aqueous solution containing not more than 1 equivalent, based on the Co+2ions, of Fe+3ions to a suspension of a ferromagnetic iron oxide, and heating the mixture at a temperature of at least about 80° C, preferably 90° to 105° C. The ferromagnetic iron oxide powder is especially suitable for producing magnetic recording media.1. A process for producing a Co- and Fe- containing ferromagnetic iron oxide powder which comprises adding an aqueous alkali solution, an aqueous solution containing Co+2ions and an aqueous solution of Fe+3ions to a suspension of an acicular ferromagnetic iron oxide and heat-treating the resulting suspension, at a temperature of at least about 80° C; said Co+2ions being present in said aqueous solution containing Co+2ions in an amount of 0.5 to about 10 atomic percent based on the iron present in the ferromagnetic iron oxide, said Fe+3ions being added to the suspension in an amount of at least 0.1 equivalent but not more than 1 equivalent based on the Co+2ions, and said alkali solution contains alkali in such an amount that after neutralization of the Co+2and Fe+3ions the hydroxyl ion concentration of the suspension is at least about 0.5 mol\/liter.","label":"Catalyst","id":1517} +{"sentence":"Citric ester mixtures and their useThe present invention relates to mixtures of citric esters of the formula I, in which each of R1, R2and R3is an aliphatic C5 or C9 moiety, wherein the average chain length of the aliphatic moieties in the mixture is in the range from greater than 5 to 7, and the average degree of branching of the aliphatic C9 moieties is in the range from 0.9 to 2.2. The present invention also relates to the use of the citric ester mixture as a plasticizer in plastics compositions.1. A mixture of citric esters of the formula I, in which each of R1, R2and R3is an aliphatic C5 or C9 moiety, wherein the average chain length of the aliphatic moieties in the mixture is in the range of from greater than 5 to 7, and the average degree of branching of the aliphatic C9 moieties is in the range of from 0.9 to 2.2.","label":"HouseConst","id":1518} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing resin and process for producing sameA process for producing a water-absorbing resin, which comprises polymerizing (D) an aqueous solution comprising (A) at least one monomer component selected from the group consisting of an unsaturated carboxylic acid and salts thereof; (B) a compound having two or more unsaturated groups in a molecule; and (C) a compound having two or more functional groups which are capable of reacting with carboxyl groups in a molecule, the polymerization being conducted in such a manner that the following conditions (a) to (c) are simultaneously satisfied: (a) the molar ratio (B)\/(C) being in the range of from 2×10-3to 300, (b) the polymerization being initiated by a redox polymerization initiator, and (c) the maximum reaction temperature being in the range of from 60° to 100° C., and a water-absorbing resin having a degree of reduction in absorption magnification of from 1 to 16, and n absorption magnification under pressure of from 20 to 40.1. A water-absorbing resin having a degree of reduction in absorption magnification of from 1 to 16, and an absorption magnification under pressure of from 20 to 40.","label":"Household","id":1519} +{"sentence":"Batch distillationAn improved process and apparatus used to perform the process for batch distillation of a multi-component mixture containing three or more components is provided. The process and apparatus uses at least three distillation zones. For a time period during distillation operation, the component of intermediate volatility is collected along with the collection of either the volatile component and\/or the heavy component.1. A process for the separation of a multi-component mixture containing at least three major constituent components of different relative volatilities into product streams that are enriched in one of the major constituent components by distillation in a distillation column system comprising: (a) initially charging the multi-component mixture containing at least three major components to at least one suitable location in the distillation column system having at least three distillation zones, wherein one of the distillation zones is in fluid communication with the vapor and liquid flows of the at least two other distillation zones; (b) distilling the multi-component mixture within the at least three distillation zones such that distillation is conducted for at least a period of time without any addition of the multi-component mixture to the distillation column system; (c) collecting a light product stream enriched in the light component from the top of one distillation zone; (d) collecting a heavy product stream enriched in the heavy component from the bottom of a different distillation zone from step (c); and (e) collecting an intermediate volatility stream enriched in the medium component from a third distillation zone which is different from the distillation zones of steps (c) and (d).","label":"Process","id":1520} +{"sentence":"Stable compositions of thiabendazole and iodine-containing fungicidesThe present invention relates to stable compositions for the fungicidal equipment of thermoplastic polymers, in particular PVC, comprising thiabendazole, at least one iodine-containing fungicide and at least one epoxide and optionally further fungicidally active compounds, and also to methods for preparing these formulations and to uses thereof for the protection of thermoplastic polymers against attack and destruction by microorganisms. Moreover, the invention relates to mold-resistant PVC materials equipped with the compositions according to the invention.1. A fungicidal composition comprising: at least one epoxide selected from triglycerides of epoxidized fatty acids whose fatty acids have a carbon length of 17 to 23 carbon atoms and contain at least one epoxide group; and fungicide components having fungicidal activity, the fungicide components comprising: thiabendazole, salts of thiabendazole, and\/or acid addition compounds of thiabendazole, and at least one iodine-containing fungicide selected from 3-iodo-2-propynyl butylcarbamate (IPBC), diiodomethyl-p-tolylsulfone, and mixtures thereof, wherein a ratio of epoxides to iodine-containing fungicides is 10:1 to 1:10.","label":"HouseConst","id":1521} +{"sentence":"Acetylated polyglycerine fatty acid ester and a PVC insulator plasticised therewithThe present disclosure is directed to acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester and compositions containing the same. The acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester may be blended with an epoxidized fatty acid ester. The present acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester and blends find advantageous application as a plasticizer.1. A coated conductor comprising: a conductor; and a phthalate-free coating on the conductor, the phthalate-free coating comprising a polymeric composition comprising a vinyl chloride resin and a phthalate-free plasticizer composition comprising an acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester consisting of (i) a glycerol oligomer with two or more glycerol units linked by way of an ether bond and at least one fatty acid component, the fatty acid component composed of an aliphatic chain having 4 to 22 carbon atoms, and (ii) at least one acetyl group, wherein the acetylated polyglyceride fatty acid ester has a hydroxyl number of 0 and a solution temperature from 140° C. to 200° C., and an epoxidized fatty acid ester; wherein the glycerol oligomer is a tetraglycerol and the fatty acid component is lauric acid.","label":"HouseConst","id":1522} +{"sentence":"Conductor jacket and process for producing sameThe present disclosure provides a process. In an embodiment, the process includes blending a broad molecular weight distribution (MWD) ethylene-based polymer having an 121\/12 ratio from 55 to 85 with a narrow MWD ethylene-based polymer having an 121\/12 ratio from 20 to 50. The process includes forming a blend component comprising from 20 wt % to 45 wt % of the broad MWD ethylene-based polymer, from 80 wt % to 55 wt % of the narrow MWD ethylene-based polymer, and optional carbon black. The blend component has a density from 0.925 g\/cc to 0.955 g\/cc and an 121\/12 ratio from 30 to 55. The process includes extruding the blend component over a conductor at a rate greater than 1.02 m\/s, and forming a conductor jacket having a surface smoothness from 30 μ-inch to 80 μ-inch.1. A process for producing a conductor jacket comprising: blending a first ethylene-based polymer having an I21\/I2 ratio from 55 to 85 with a second ethylene-based polymer having an I21\/I2 ratio from 20 to 50; forming a blend component comprising from 20 wt % to 45 wt % of the first ethylene-based polymer, from 80 wt % to 55 wt % of the second ethylene-based polymer and optional carbon black, the blend component having a density from 0.925 g\/cc to 0.955 g\/cc and an I21\/I2 ratio from 30 to 55; extruding the blend component over a conductor at a rate greater than 1.02 m\/s; and forming a conductor jacket having a surface smoothness from 30 μ-inch to 80 μ-inch.","label":"HouseConst","id":1523} +{"sentence":"Monobenzoate useful as a plasticizer in plastisol compositionsA unique monobenzoate useful as a plasticizer in polymeric dispersions, such as plastisols and melt compounds. The monobenzoate comprises 3-phenyl propyl benzoate, a benzoate ester heretofore known as a flavoring and fragrance agent, but not previously utilized as a plasticizer in polymeric applications. Depending on the application, the advantages rendered by the use of the inventive monobenzoate include, among other things, excellent solvating properties, low viscosity, viscosity stability, and improved rheology, as well as health, safety and environmental advantages over traditional plasticizers. The monobenzoate may be used alone or in combination with a variety of plasticizers, including but not limited to phthalates, terephthalates, dibenzoates, other monobenzoates, or 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylate esters, and mixtures thereof.1. A plastisol composition comprising: a. a polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-based or an acrylic-based polymer dispersion wherein the acrylic-based polymer is a homopolymer or copolymer of polymethacrylate, aromatic methacrylates, alkylacrylates, or acrylic acid; and b. a plasticizer consisting of 3-phenylpropyl benzoate, wherein the plasticizer provides improved solvation and rheology characteristics and improved gel\/fusion temperatures over that achieved with other known high solvating plasticizers used in plastisols.","label":"HouseConst","id":1524} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing polymer structure with improved color stabilityThe present invention relates to a water-absorbing polymer structure comprising about 10 to about 100,000 ppm, based on the solids content of the water-absorbing polymer structure, of a non-polymerized sulphonate, a non-polymerized salt of a sulphonate or a mixture of a non-polymerized sulphonate and a non-polymerized salt of a sulphonate, and less than 1,000 ppm, based on the solids content of the water-absorbing polymer structure, of non-polymerized sulphites, non-polymerized bisulfites, non-polymerized sulphinates or non-polymerized salts of these compounds.1. A process for the production of water-absorbing polymer structures, comprising the process steps: i) providing an aqueous monomer solution containing a polymerizable, monoethylenically unsaturated monomer (α1) carrying acid groups or a salt thereof, optionally a monoethylenically unsaturated monomer (α2) which can be polymerized with the monomer (α1), and optionally a crosslinking agent (α3), ii) radical polymerizing the aqueous monomer solution to give a polymer gel, iii) optionally comminutating the polymer gel, iv) drying of the optionally comminuted polymer gel to give water-absorbing polymer structures, v) optionally grinding and sieving of the water-absorbing polymer structures and vi) surface post-crosslinking of the optionally ground and sieved water-absorbing polymer structures, wherein a reducing agent comprising a sulphonate, a salt of a sulphonate or a mixture of a sulphonate and a salt of a sulphonate is added to I) the aqueous monomer solution before or while carrying out process step ii), II) the polymer gel after carrying out process step ii), III) the optionally comminuted polymer gel after carrying out process step iii), IV) the water-absorbing polymer structure after carrying out process step iv), V) the water-absorbing polymer structure after carrying out process step v), or VI) the water-absorbing polymer structure after carrying out process step vi).","label":"Household","id":1525} +{"sentence":"Transition metal complex, process for producing said transition metal complex, substituent-carrying fluorene compound, process for producing said fluorene compound, catalyst component for olefin polymerization, catalyst for olefin polymerization, and process for producing olefin polymerA transition metal complex represented by formula [1], and its production process; a substituent-carrying fluorene compound represented by formula [2], and its production process; an olefin polymerization catalyst component comprising the complex; an olefin polymerization catalyst obtained by contacting the catalyst component with a defined aluminum compound and\/or a defined boron compound; and a production process of an olefin polymer using the catalyst:1. A transition metal complex represented by the general formula [1]: wherein M is a group 4 transition metal atom in the periodic table of elements; A is a group 16 atom therein; J is a group 14 atom therein; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, X1and X2are independently of one another (1) a substituent selected from the group consisting of (1-1) an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-2) an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-3) an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-4) a substituent-carrying silyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which substituent is a hydrocarbyl group, and said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-5) a disubstituent-carrying amino group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which substituent is a hydrocarbyl group, and said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-6) an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-7) an aralkyloxy group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, and (1-8) an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (2) a halogen atom or (3) a hydrogen atom; R1and R2, R2and R3, and R3and R4may be linked to each other, respectively, to form respective rings; R5and R6may be linked to each other to form a ring; R7and R8are independently of each other (1) a substituent selected from the group consisting of (1-1) an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-2) an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-3) an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-4) a substituent-carrying silyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which substituent is a hydrocarbyl group, and said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-5) a disubstituent-carrying amino group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which substituent is a hydrocarbyl group, and said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-6) an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-7) an aralkyloxy group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, and (1-8) an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, wherein R7and R8are linked to each other to form a ring; R9and R10are independently of each other (1) a substituent selected from the group consisting of (1-1) an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-2) an aralkyl group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-3) an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-4) a substituent-carrying silyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which substituent is a hydrocarbyl group, and said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-5) a disubstituent-carrying amino group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, which substituent is a hydrocarbyl group, and said hydrocarbyl group may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-6) an alkoxy group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (1-7) an aralkyloxy group having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, and (1-8) an aryloxy group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, which may be substituted by a halogen atom, (2) a halogen atom or (3) a hydrogen atom; and R9and R10may be linked to each other to form a ring.","label":"HouseConst","id":1526} +{"sentence":"Method for extracting argon by low-temperature air separationThe invention relates to a process for recovering argon by low-temperature separation of air. Rectifying system ( 2, 4 ) exhibits at least one air separation column ( 4 ), which has a partition ( 5 ) that runs in lengthwise direction of the column, by which air separation column ( 4 ) is separated at the level of partition ( 5 ) into a first subsection and a second subsection ( 6, 7 ). A fluid ( 3 ) that contains oxygen and argon is introduced into first subsection ( 6 ). A stream ( 13 ) that contains oxygen and argon with an argon concentration of between 15% and 50% is removed in second subsection ( 7 ).1 . Process for recovering argon by lowtemperature separation of air in a rectification system, which has three rectifying sections arranged in series, whereby the first and the second as well as the second and third rectifying sections in each case are connected to one another on the gas and liquid sides, and whereby the second rectifying section has two subsections, which are not connected to one another on the gas and liquid sides and are flushed in a parallel manner, whereby a fluid that contains oxygen and argon is introduced into the first of two subsections and a stream that contains oxygen and argon is removed in the second of the two subsections, characterized in that the argon concentration in stream ( 13 ) that is removed in second subsection ( 7 , 30 ) is between 15% and 50%, preferably between 15% and 40%, especially preferably between 20% and 35%.","label":"Process","id":1527} +{"sentence":"Supported metallocene catalysts[00001] Supported metallocene catalysts and processes for the use of such catalysts in isotactic polymerization of a C3+ ethylenically unsaturated monomer. The supported catalysts comprise a particulate silica support, an alkyl alumoxane component, and a metallocene catalyst component. The support has an average particle size of 10-50 microns, a surface area of 200-800 m2\/g and a pore volume of 0.9-2.1 milliliters per gram (ml\/g). Alumoxane is incorporated onto the support to provide a weight ratio of alumoxane to silica of at least 0.8:1. The metallocene is present in an amount of at least 1 weight percent of the silica and the alumoxane and is of the formula B(CpRaRb)(Fl′)MQ2 in which Fl′ is an unsubstituted fluorenyl group or a fluorenyl group symmetrically substituted at the 3 and 6 positions, B is a structural bridge between Cp and Fl′, Ra is a bulky substituent in a distal position, Rb is a less bulky substituent proximal to the bridge and non-vicinal to the distal substituent, M is a Group IVB transition metal or vanadium, and Q is a halogen or a Cl-C4 alkyl group.1. A supported metallocene catalyst composition useful in the polymerization of olefins comprising: a. a particulate silica support having an average particle size within the range of 10-50 microns and a surface area within the range of 200-800 m2\/g; b. an alkylalumoxane cocatalyst component incorporated onto said silica support to provide a weight ratio of alkylalumoxane to silica of at least 0.8:1; c. a metallocene catalyst component supported on said particulate silica support in an amount of at least 1 weight percent of said silica and said alkylalumoxane and characterized by the formula: B(CpRaRb)(FlR′2)MQ2 wherein: Cp is a substituted cyclopentadienyl group, Fl is a substituted fluorenyl group, and B is a structural bridge between Cp and Fl imparting stereorigidity to said catalyst, Ra is a substituent on the cyclopentadienyl group which is in a distal position to the bridge and comprises a bulky group of the formula XR*3 in which X is carbon or silicon and R* is the same or different and is chosen from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group having from 1-20 carbon atoms, provided that at least one R* is not hydrogen, Rb is a substituent on the cyclopentadienyl ring which is proximal to the bridge and positioned non-vicinal to the distal substituent and is of the formula YR#3 in which Y is silicon or carbon and each R# is the same or different and chosen from hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group containing from 1 to 7 carbon atoms and is less bulky than the substituent Ra, each R′ is the same or different and is a hydrocarbyl group having from 1-20 carbon atoms with one R′ being substituted at a non-proximal position on the fluorenyl group and the other R′ being substituted at an opposed non-proximal position on the fluorenyl group, M is a Group IVB transition metal or vanadium; Q is a halogen or a C1-C4 alkyl group; and d. said alkylalumoxane component and said metallocene component being present in relative amounts to provide an Al\/M mole ratio of at least 150.","label":"Catalyst","id":1528} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of a highly water absorptive resin from acrylic resin, epoxy crosslinker and hydrophilic silicateA method for the production of a highly water absorptive resin comprises the steps of neutralizing acrylic acid with alkali metal hydroxide to form an alkali metal acrylate; mixing the alkali metal acrylate, methacrylic acid, a polymerization initiator, and a first crosslinking agent; suspending and dispersing the mixture in an aqueous medium to for an initial mixture; polymerizing the initial mixture to produce a polymerized intermediate, and separating the moisture from the polymerized intermediate by azeotropic distillation to reduce the water content to 15-35% by weight; adding a second crosslinking agent, said second crosslinking agent having two epoxy radicals; and mixing \"Syloid\" of silicate, to form a highly water absorptive resin.1. A process for preparing a highly water absorptive resin comprising the steps of: (a) neutralizing crylic acid with an alkali metal hydroxide to produce an equivalent amount of alkali metal acrylate; (b) mixing about 70-90% by weight of the produced alkali metal acrylate of step (a), about 10-30% by weight of methacrylic acid, a polymerization initiator, and a first crosslinking agent comprising N,N-methylene bisacrylamide to form an initial mixture; (c) dispersing the initial mixture in an aqueous medium and polymerizing the dispersed initial mixture to form a polymerized intermediate aqueous dispersion; (d) removing the water from the polymerized intermediate aqueous dispersion by azeotropic distillation to reduce the water content of the polymerized intermediate aqueous dispersion to about 15-35% by weight, wherein said polymerized intermediate comprised in the aqueous dispersion has an average particle size of about 100-150 μm; (e) adding about 1.2-8% by weight based on the weight of the polymerized intermediate of a second crosslinking agent, said second crosslinking agent having at least two epoxy radicals for increasing the density of the surface thereof; and (f) mixing about 0.1-5% by weight of a silicon dioxide hydrate (SiO2.nH2O) wherein n is a positive integer based on the polymerized intermediate to produce a highly water absorptive resin.","label":"Household","id":1529} +{"sentence":"Ethylene tetramerization catalyst systems and method for preparing 1-octene using the sameDisclosed herein is a method of preparing 1-octene at high activity and high selectivity while stably maintaining reaction activity by tetramerizing ethylene using a chromium-based catalyst system comprising a transition metal or a transition metal precursor, a cocatalyst, and a P—C—C—P backbone structure ligand represented by (R1)(R2)P—(R5)CHCH(R6)—P(R3)(R4).1. A method of preparing 1-octene by tetramizing ethylene using the following catalyst system consisting essentially of : chromium or chromium compound, an alkylaluminoxane cocatalyst, and a P—C—C—P backbone structure ligand represented by Formula 1 below: wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are each independently a hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, a heterohydrocarbyl group and a substituted heterohydrocarbyl group, and each of the R1, R2, R3 and R4 has no substituent on atoms adjacent to the atoms bonded with P atoms.","label":"Catalyst","id":1530} +{"sentence":"Powdery, cross-linked absorbent polymers method for the production thereof and their useThe invention relates to crosslinked polymerizates which are capable of absorbing, which are based on partially neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers that carry acidic groups, which exhibit improved properties, in particular, with regard to their ability to transport liquids when in a swollen state, and which have been subsequently crosslinked on the surface thereof with a combination consisting of an organic crosslinker compound, with the exception of polyols, and of a cation provided in the form of a salt in an aqueous solution.1. A sanitary article comprising an absorbent polymer comprising a particulate polymer product comprising the reaction product of a) from 55 to about 99.9 wt. % of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers which contain acid groups and are neutralized to at least 25 mole %, b) from 0 to 40 wt. % of polymerized, ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolyermizable with a), c) from 0 to 5.0 wt. % of one or more polymerized crosslinkers, d) from 0 to 30 wt. % of a water soluble polymer, wherein the sum of the weight amounts a) through d) is 100 wt. % and wherein the particulate polymer product has been treated with e) from 0.001 to 5 wt.-%, relative to the polymer product, of an organic surface secondary crosslinking agent, with the exception of polyols, in the form of an aqueous solution, and f) from 0.001 to 1 wt. %, relative to the polymer product, of a multivalent cation in the form of an aqueous solution, and has been subjected to surface secondary crosslinking to form the absorbent polymer, wherein the absorbent polymer has a permeability as measured by the saline flow conductivity test, SFC, of about 30×10−7cm3s\/g or greater; and a retention as measured by the tea bag test, TB, of 23.5 g\/g or greater.","label":"Household","id":1531} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing polymer structure with improved absorption propertiesA water-absorbing polymer structure is disclosed, whose surface has been brought into contact with a combination of a metal salt and an oxide of a metal. The invention also relates to a process for treating the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures whereby the surface of water-absorbing polymer structures is brought into contact with a combination of a metal salt and an oxide of a metal at a temperature of from about 50 to about 300° C. The present invention further relates to the water-absorbing polymer structures obtainable by this process, a composite comprising a water-absorbing polymer structure and a substrate, chemical products such as foams and fibers comprising water-absorbing polymer structures or a composite, and the use of a combination of an oxide of a metal and of a metal salt for treatment of the surface of super-absorbing polymer structures.1. A water-absorbing polymer structure, which is based at least to 50 wt. % on carboxylate groups containing monomers wherein the water-absorbing polymer structure has been dried and comminuted into dried water-absorbing polymer structure particles wherein at least 50 wt % of the dried water-absorbing polymer structure particles have a particle size of from 300 μm to 600 μm wherein the dried water-absorbing polymer structure particles have an inner region and an outer region surrounding the inner region wherein the surface of the water-absorbing polymer structure particles has been brought into contact with a combination of an organic post-crosslinker, a metal salt of a bivalent or trivalent metal cation and zinc oxide, wherein at least 50 wt. % of the zinc oxide have a particle size in a range of 10 to 5,000 nm and wherein the metal salt is a water-soluble metal salt wherein the metal salt has a water-solubility at a temperature of 25° C. of at least 100 g in 1 liter of distilled water; and the contacted water-absorbing polymer structure particles have been heated to a temperature of from 150° C. to 250° C. whereby the outer region of the water-absorbing polymer structure particles is more strongly crosslinked than the inner region.","label":"Household","id":1532} +{"sentence":"Polyacrylic acid (salt) water absorbent, and method for producing sameProvided is a water-absorbing agent which is less likely to cause gel blocking and is suitable for a sanitary product and an absorbent article each being thin and containing a large amount of a water-absorbing agent, and which, while maintaining or hardly losing the other physical properties (a fluid retention capacity and a bulk specific gravity) of the water-absorbing agent, simultaneously achieves a high water absorbing speed (e.g., FSR), a high fluid retention capacity under load, high liquid permeability, and salt tolerance. The water-absorbing agent is a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing agent whose surface and its vicinity are crosslinked by an organic surface crosslinking agent, characterized by satisfying the following (A)-(D): (A) Free Swell Rate (FSR) of at least 0.28 g\/g\/s, or Absorption Time (Vortex) of 42 seconds or less; (B) Absorption Against Pressure (AAP) of at least 20 g\/g; (C) Salt Tolerance Index represented by \"Salt Tolerance Index=(CRCdw)\/(CRCs)\" where CRCdw is a centrifuge retention capacity (unit; g\/g) for deionized water (dw), and CRCs is a centrifuge retention capacity (unit; g\/g) for a 0.9 weight % saline, satisfying \"Salt Tolerance Index≤0.49×CRCs−7.47\"; and (D) Bulk Specific Gravity of 0.55 to 0.70 g\/cm3.1. A polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing agent whose surface and its vicinity are crosslinked by an organic surface crosslinking agent, the polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing agent prepared by a method comprising: heat treating a mixture containing water, a surface crosslinking agent and a water-absorbing resin powder, wherein the water-absorbing resin powder is heat treated for at least five minutes from a start of raising a temperature with a gas density of a surface crosslinking agent C2 compound and\/or a surface crosslinking agent C3 compound being at least 0.01 g\/L, where the surface crosslinking agent C2 compound is a compound, of which longest carbon chain has 2 carbons, containing a total number of carbons of 3 or less, with either one of an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom being bonded to each of carbon atoms at both ends of the carbon chain; and the surface crosslinking agent C3 compound is a compound, of which longest carbon chain has 3 carbons, containing a total number of carbons of 4 or less, with either one of an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom being bonded to each of different carbon atoms on the carbon chain; and the gas density is a weight of the surface crosslinking agent C2 compound or the surface crosslinking agent C3 compound that is contained per unit volume of a non-condensable gas; wherein the polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing agent is characterized by satisfying the following (A)-(D): (A) Free Swell Rate (FSR) of at least 0.35 g\/g\/s, or Absorption Time (Vortex) of 36 seconds or less; (B) Absorption Against Pressure (AAP) of at least 20 g\/g; (C) Salt Tolerance Index represented by the following Formula 1 satisfying the following Formula 2: Salt Tolerance Index=(CRCdw)\/(CRCs)  (Formula 1) where CRCdw is a centrifuge retention capacity (unit; g\/g) for deionized water (dw), and CRCs is a centrifuge retention capacity (unit; g\/g) for a 0.9 weight % saline, Salt Tolerance Index≤0.49×CRCs−7.47  (Formula 2); and (D) Bulk Specific Gravity of 0.55 to 0.70 g\/cm3.","label":"Household","id":1533} +{"sentence":"BPA process improvementThe present disclosure enables phenol recovery, purification and recycle in a simple, economic manner from waste streams from, for example, a phenol\/acetone production process, e.g., a phenol\/acetone plant or an upstream cumene hydroperoxide cleavage process step, and BPA production step, for use in the reaction with acetone to produce BPA. The disclosure therefore reduces the overall consumption of phenol in the production of BPA.1. A process for recovering phenol comprising the steps of: (A) contacting a first waste stream from a BPA production process which has been stripped of at least a portion of volatile sulfur compounds in said waste stream and a second waste stream from a phenol\/acetone production process with a hydrocarbyl stream which is substantially immiscible with said waste streams, wherein said first waste stream and said second waste stream comprise phenol, and wherein at least a portion of said phenol from said first waste stream and\/or from said second waste stream is transferred into said hydrocarbyl stream; then (B) separating said hydrocarbyl stream after contacting step (A) from said waste streams; and (C) recovering said phenol from said hydrocarbyl stream from step (B).","label":"Process","id":1534} +{"sentence":"Crosslinkable compositions based on organosilicon compoundsCrosslinkable compositions based on organosilicon compounds, more particularly RTV-1 sealants, contain (A) at least one organosilicon compound having at least two condensable radicals, (B) at least one finely divided silicon dioxide having a BET surface area of 30 to 120 m2\/g and a relative thickening effect ηrel of 1.4 to 10, and (C) at least one hydrocarbon component which has an initial boiling point above 150° C., a final boiling point below 350° C., each at a pressure of 1013 hPa, a kinematic viscosity of 1.5 to 6.0 mm2\/s as measured at 40° C., a viscosity-density constant (VDC) of less than or equal to 0.820, a pour point of less than −5° C., and an aromatic carbon atom (CA) content of less than 0.1% CA.1. A composition crosslinkable by a condensation reaction, comprising: (A) at least one organosilicon compound having at least two condensable radicals, (B) at least one finely divided silicon dioxide having a BET surface area of 30 to 120 m2\/g and a relative thickening effect ηrel of 1.4 to 10, and (C) at least one hydrocarbon component which has an initial boiling point above 150° C., a final boiling point below 350° C., each at a pressure of 1013 hPa, a kinematic viscosity of 1.5 to 6.0 mm2\/s as measured at 40° C., a viscosity-density constant (VDC) of less than or equal to 0.820, a pour point of less than −5° C., and an aromatic carbon atom (CA) content of less than 0.1% CA.","label":"Automobile","id":1535} +{"sentence":"Bridged metallocene compound, olefin polymerization catalyst containing the same, and ethylene polymer obtained with the catalystAccording to the invention, a single or plural kinds of bridged metallocene compounds having differing cyclopentadienyl-derived groups afford macromonomers that are a source of long-chain branches and simultaneously catalyze the repolymerization of the macromonomers into olefin polymers having a large number of long-chain branches, small neck-in in the T-die extrusion, small take-up surge and superior mechanical strength. The olefin polymerization catalysts and the polymerization processes can efficiently produce the olefin polymers.1. A process for producing olefin polymers, comprising polymerizing one or more monomers selected from ethylene and C3-20 olefins and at least one of the monomers is ethylene or propylene, in the presence of an olefin polymerization catalyst (b) comprising the following components (A), (B) and (C): Component (A): a bridged metallocene compound of Formula (1) described below; wherein R1, R2, R3and R4are selected from a hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon groups, and halogen-containing hydrocarbon groups and are the same or different from one another; and at least one of these groups is an ethyl group or a group represented by Formula [6] below; neighboring substituent groups among R1to R4may be linked together to form an aliphatic ring; Q1is selected from C1-20 hydrocarbon groups, halogen-containing groups, silicon-containing groups, germanium-containing groups and tin-containing groups; X independently at each occurrence is a group selected from a hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, hydrocarbon groups, halogen-containing groups, silicon-containing groups, oxygen-containing groups, sulfur-containing groups, nitrogen-containing groups and phosphorus-containing groups; and M is a titanium atom, a zirconium atom or a hafnium atom; wherein R7to R16are selected from a hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon groups, and halogen-containing hydrocarbon groups and are the same or different from one another, but they are not aryl groups; and T represents a carbon atom; Component (B): a bridged metallocene compound represented by Formula [14] below; wherein R17to R20, and R21to R28are selected from a hydrogen atom, hydrocarbon groups, halogen-containing groups, oxygen-containing groups, nitrogen-containing groups, boron-containing groups, sulfur-containing groups, phosphorus-containing groups, silicon-containing groups, germanium-containing groups and tin-containing groups and are the same or different from one another; neighboring substituent groups among these groups may be linked together to form a ring; Q2is selected from C1-20 hydrocarbon groups, halogen-containing groups, silicon-containing groups, germanium-containing groups and tin-containing groups; M is selected from a titanium atom, a zirconium atom and a hafnium atom; and X independently at each occurrence is a group selected from a hydrogen atom, halogen atoms, hydrocarbon groups, halogen-containing groups, silicon-containing groups, oxygen-containing groups, sulfur-containing groups, nitrogen-containing groups and phosphorus-containing groups; Component (C): at least one compound selected from the group consisting of: (c-1) organometallic compounds represented by Formulae [18], [19] and [20] below; (c-2) organoaluminum oxy-compounds; and (c-4) compounds that react with components (A) and (B) to form an ion pair; RmaAl(ORb)nHpXq  [18] wherein Raand Rbare each a C1-15 hydrocarbon group and are the same or different from each other; X is a halogen atom; 0≦m≦3, 0≦n<3, 0≦p<3, 0≦q<3 and m+n+p+q=3; MaAlR4a  [19] wherein Mais Li, Na or K; and Rais a C1-15 hydrocarbon group; RraMbRsbXt  [20] wherein Raand Rbare each a C1-15 hydrocarbon group and are the same or different from each other; Mbis selected from Mg, Zn and Cd; X is a halogen atom; 095 wt % of cis-1,4 units and <1 wt % of 1,2-vinyl content, based on the neodymium-catalysed polybutadiene, wherein the NdBR evinces a molar mass breakdown of not less than 25%.1 . A process for the production of neodymium-catalysed polybutadiene (NdBR), the process comprising: a) polymerizing butadiene monomer in a first mixture comprising at least one inert organic solvent and at least one catalyst based on neodymium compounds at a reaction temperature of 60° C. to 140° C., b) admixing reactive compounds into the first mixture, stopping the polymerization and forming a first polymer, the first polymer having a first Mooney viscosity, c) admixing sulphur chlorides and the first polymer while maintaining the temperature of the first polymer at essentially the reaction temperature, thereby forming a Mooney jumped polymer having a second Mooney viscosity greater than the first Mooney viscosity, and d) admixing to the Mooney jumped polymer and a masticating agent.","label":"Automobile","id":1559} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MODIFIED POLYMER, MODIFIED POLYMER OBTAINED BY THE PROCESS, AND RUBBER COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE SAMEA process for producing a modified polymer that exhibits low rolling resistance, excellent mechanical properties (e.g., tensile strength), high wet-skid resistance, and excellent wear resistance when vulcanized, a modified polymer obtained by the process, and a rubber composition containing the same. The process includes subjecting an alkali metal active end of a conjugated diene polymer to a modification reaction with an alkoxysilane compound, the conjugated diene polymer being produced by subjecting a diene monomer or a diene monomer and a monomer other than the diene monomer to anionic polymerization in a hydrocarbon solvent using an alkali metal initiator, and subjecting the resulting product to a condensation reaction in the presence of a condensation accelerator that includes a compound of at least one element among the elements of the groups 4A (excluding Ti), 2B, 3B, and 5B of the periodic table.1 . A process for producing a modified polymer, the process comprising: subjecting an alkali metal active end of a conjugated diene polymer to a modification reaction with an alkoxysilane compound, the conjugated diene polymer being produced by subjecting a diene monomer or a diene monomer and a monomer other than the diene monomer to anionic polymerization in a hydrocarbon solvent using an alkali metal initiator; and subjecting the resulting product to a condensation reaction in the presence of a condensation accelerator that comprises a compound of at least one element selected from the elements of the groups 4A (excluding Ti), 2B, 3B, and 5B of the periodic table.","label":"Automobile","id":1560} +{"sentence":"Hydroformylation processIn a rhodium-catalyzed hydroformylation process which produces aldehydes from alpha-olefins, the stability of a rhodium catalyst complexed with carbon monoxide and a triarylphosphine ligand is improved by providing an alkyldiarylphosphine ligand in the catalyst-containing reaction medium.1. In a process for hydroformylating an alphaolefin containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms to produce aldehydes having one more carbon atom than the alpha-olefin by reacting the alpha-olefin with hydrogen and carbon monoxide in a liquid reaction medium which contains a soluble rhodium complex catalyst consisting essentially of rhodium complexed with carbon monoxide and a triarylphosphine ligand, and in the presence of free triarylphosphine, the improvement comprising improving the stability of the catalyst by charging the liquid reaction medium containing the catalyst with from about 0.1 to 20 percent by weight of an alkyldiarylphosphine ligand based on the total weight of the liquid reaction medium, and controlling the reaction conditions to a temperature of from about 100° to about 140° C., a total gas pressure of hydrogen, carbon monoxide and alpha-olefin of less than about 450 pounds per square inch absolute, carbon monoxide partial pressure of less than about 55 pounds per square inch absolute, a hydrogen partial pressure of less than about 200 pounds per square inch absolute, and at least about 75 moles of total free phosphine ligand for each mole of catalytically-active rhodium metal present in the rhodium complex catalyst which consists essentially of rhodium complexed with carbon monoxide and one or both of said triarylphosphine and said alkyldiarylphosphine.","label":"Catalyst","id":1561} +{"sentence":"PolyethyleneThe present invention relates to a low density polyethylene having a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn which is greater than 15, a storage modulus G′ (5 kPa) which is above 3000 and a vinylidene content which is at least 15\/100 k C, compositions, a process for production of the low density polyethylene, a continuous ethylene polymerization method for introducing vinylidene in a low density polyethylene, a method for an extrusion coating process, an article, e.g. an extrusion article, and use in extrusion coating.1. A low density polyethylene having a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn which is greater than 15, a storage modulus G′ (5 kPa) which is above 3000 Pa, and a vinylidene content which is at least 15\/100 k C.","label":"HouseConst","id":1562} +{"sentence":"Synthetic layered silicate exhibiting tolerance to electrolytes in applications thereofA synthetic layered silicate material may be produced which exhibits tolerance to high levels of electrolytes and surfactants as measured by viscosity, hydration rate and clarity. The synthetic layered silicate material may produce similar or improved rheological properties when compared to natural hectorite at comparable or lower addition rates in select aqueous systems.1 . A synthetic layered silicate comprising the formula: [Si 8 (Mg a Li b )O 20 (OH) 4−y F y ] z− zM + wherein a=4.75 to 5.45; b=0.25 to 1.25; y=0 to <4; z=12-2a-b; and M is Na + or Li + ; and wherein the SiO 2 \/MgO is about 2.20 to about 2.40 and the lithium content is about 0.40% to about 0.80%; and, wherein the synthetic layered silicate, when dispersed in an aqueous medium at about 2% by weight, wherein the aqueous medium contains from about 1 milliequivalent\/gram synthetic layered silicate to about 12 milliequivalents\/gram synthetic layered silicate of an electrolyte, increases the viscosity of the aqueous medium to greater than about 200,000 centipoise.","label":"IndustConst","id":1563} +{"sentence":"Monomodal copolymer of ethylene for injection molding and process for its preparationMonomodal copolymers of ethylene and molding compositions comprising such copolymers, wherein the copolymers have a density determined according to DIN EN ISO 1183-1, variant A in the range from 0.938 to 0.944 g\/cm3, a melt index MFR21 determined according to ISO 1133 at 190° C. under a load of 21.6 kg in the range from 12 to 17 g\/10 min, a weight average molar mass Mw in the range from 140 000 g\/mol to 330 000 g\/mol, a polydispersity Mw\/Mn in the range from 9 to 17, and a content of comonomer side chains per 1000 carbon atoms Cx equal to or above a value defined via equation (I) Cx=128.7−134.62×d′, wherein d′ is the numerical value of the density of the copolymer in g\/cm3, the use of the copolymers for producing injection-molded articles, as well as injection-molded articles comprising the copolymers, and process for the preparation of such monomodal copolymers.1. A process comprising: copolymerizing ethylene with at least one C3-C12 1-olefin to produce a monomodal copolymer comprising ethylene and at least one 1-olefin, wherein the monomodal copolymer has: (i) a Mw in a range of from 150,000-300,000, (ii) a polydispersity Mw\/Mn in a range of from 11-16, (iii) a density determined according to DIN EN ISO 1183-1, variant A of 0.940-0.942 g\/cm3, (iv) a melt index MI5 of 0.5-1 g\/10 min, (v) a melt index MFR21 (ISO 1133; 190° C., 21.6 kg) of 12-17 g\/10 min, (vi) an environmental stress cracking resistance of 25-49 hours, and (vii) 0.1 to 10 Cx comonomer side chains per 1000 carbon atoms, wherein Cx is equal to or above a value defined by the equation (I) Cx=128.7−134.62×d′  (I), wherein d′ is the numerical value of the density of the copolymer in g\/cm3, (viii) 0.1-1% by weight of an additive; and (ix) a spiral length of greater than 40 cm at an MFR21 of 14-15.6, and preparing an injection molded article comprising the monomodal copolymer of ethylene and at least one 1-olefin.","label":"HouseConst","id":1564} +{"sentence":"Catalyst, method of manufacture and use thereofA catalyst is provided, the catalyst comprising rods having mean length of 100 microns or less, the rods comprising a metal molybdate or tungstate, the metal being selected from the group consisting of iron, manganese, nickel, chromium, vanadium, aluminum, silver, titanium, copper, bismuth, and cobalt. A method of making such a catalyst is also provided.1. A catalyst comprising rods having a mean length of 100 microns or less, the rods comprising molybdenum or tungsten oxide, from which project islands of metal molybdate or tungstate.","label":"Catalyst","id":1565} +{"sentence":"Method for purifying 1,3-butadieneIt is an object of the present invention to provide a method for purifying 1,3-butadiene which can effectively remove an organic compound detrimental to anionic polymerization from 1,3-butadiene containing a polymerization inhibitor and suppress the formation of popcorn. The method includes: a water-washing step of washing 1,3-butadiene by using low-oxygen water having an oxygen concentration of less than 2 mg\/L as wash water; and a polymerization inhibitor removing step of subsequently removing the polymerization inhibitor in 1,3-butadiene.1. A method of purifying 1,3-butadiene, comprising: washing a 1,3-butadiene stream comprising 1,3-butadiene and a polymerization inhibitor in a water-washing step by using low-oxygen water having an oxygen concentration of less than 2 mg\/L as wash water; and subsequently removing the polymerization inhibitor from the 1,3-butadiene stream in a polymer inhibitor removing step thereby obtaining a purified 1,3-butadiene stream.","label":"Process","id":1566} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition and pneumatic tireThe present invention is directed to a rubber composition comprising a bifunctionalized elastomer comprising the reaction product of 1) a living anionic elastomeric polymer initiated with a functional initiator and 2) a functional polymerization terminator; and a filler selected from silica and carbon black. The invention is further directed to a pneumatic tire comprising the rubber composition.1. A rubber composition comprising: a bifunctionalized elastomer comprising the reaction product of 1) a living anionic elastomeric polymer initiated with a functional initiator and 2) a functional polymerization terminator, wherein 1) the living anionic elastomeric polymer initiated with a functional initiator is of formula AYLi where Y is a divalent polymer radical, Li is a lithium atom bonded to a carbon atom of Y, and A is an amine-containing radical having the formula X wherein R15and R16independently have from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and each are independently an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aromatic group, a substituted alkyl group, a substituted cycloalkyl group or a substituted aromatic group, or R15and R16taken together with the nitrogen to which both R15and R16are attached comprise a heterocyclic amine group wherein R15and R16taken together form an alkanediyl group of from 4 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted alkanediyl group of from 4 to 20 carbon atoms, and R17is a covalent bond, an alkanediyl group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a substituted alkanediyl group of from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and 2) the functional polymerization terminator is of formula I wherein R1is C1 to C4 linear alkyl, or C1 to C4 branched alkanediyl; X1, X2, X3are independently O, S, or a group of formula (II) or (III) where R2is C1 to C18 linear or branched alkyl; Z is R3, —OR4, or —R5—X4; R3, R4are independently C1 to C18 linear or branched alkyl; R5is C1 to C18 alkanediyl or dialkyl ether diyl; X4is halogen or a group of structure IV, V, VI, VII or VIII wherein R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10are independently H or C1 to C8 alkyl; R11is C2 to C8 alkanediyl; R12and R13are independently H, aryl or C1 to C8 alkyl; Q is N or a group of structure IX wherein R14is C1 to C8 alkyl.","label":"Automobile","id":1567} +{"sentence":"Rubber mixtures which contain SBR rubber gelsRubber mixtures prepared from at least one styrene\/butadiene rubber gel and at least one rubber which contains double bonds and optionally further fillers and rubber auxiliary substances are in particular suitable for the preparation of vulcanizates having unusually high damping at temperatures of from -20 to +20° C. as well as unusually low damping at temperatures of from 40 to 80° C. The rubber mixtures may therefore be used, for example, to manufacture vehicle tires which grip in the wet and have low rolling resistance.1. Rubber mixtures prepared from at least one styrene\/butadiene rubber gel (A) having a swelling index in toluene of from 1 to 15 and a particle size of from 5 to 1000 nm, and at least one rubber which contains double bonds (B), wherein the content of rubber gel (A) is from 1 to 100 parts by weight, related to 100 parts of rubber (B), and optionally fillers and rubber auxiliary substances.","label":"IndustConst","id":1568} +{"sentence":"Highly water-absorptive polymers having enhanced gel strengthThere is provided a highly water-absorptive polymer composition comprising: (A) 100 parts by weight of a highly water-absorptive polymer having a crosslinked structure, comprising as its constituent a carboxyl group and\/or a carboxylate group; and (B) 0.05 to 10 parts by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of an oxalic acid (salt) compound, a sulfate of a metal selected from titanium, zirconium and vanadium, and a crystalline or noncrystalline, high-purity particulate titania having a mean particle diameter of 1 μm or less, a specific surface area of 10 m2\/g or more as determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, and, when crystalline, a crystal structure of a mixed type of rutile and anatase. There is also provided a method for producing a highly water-absorptive polymer having enhanced gel strength, which comprises treating with an alkoxytitanium a highly water-absorptive polymer having a crosslinked structure, comprising as its constituent a carboxyl group and\/or a carboxylate group.1. A highly water-absorptive polymer composition comprising a mixture of the following components (A) and (B): (A) 100 parts by weight of a highly water-absorptive polymer having a crosslinked structure, comprising as its constituent a carboxyl group and\/or a carboxylate group; and (B) 0.05 to 10 parts by weight of an additive selected from the group consisting of oxalic acid and salts, amides, esters, nitrites, and hydrazides of oxalic acid; a sulfate of a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium and vanadium; and a crystalline or noncrystalline, high-purity particulate titania having a mean particle diameter of 1 μm or less, a specific surface area of 10 m2\/g or more as determined by the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller method, and, when crystalline, a crystal structure of a mixed typed of rutile and anatase, said mixture being prepared by mechanically dry blending the components (A) and (B).","label":"Household","id":1569} +{"sentence":"Method for producing porous silica materialA method of producing a porous silica material includes: preparing a raw material solution containing silicon alkoxides including diisobutyldimethoxysilane and tetramethoxysilane in such a mass ratio that a mass of the diisobutyldimethoxysilane is 0.25 or more and 1 or less per mass of the tetramethoxysilane, and a solvent; obtaining a wet gel by adding, to the raw material solution, an aqueous solution containing a catalyst for promoting hydrolysis and condensation polymerization of the silicon alkoxides, the aqueous solution having a pH of 8.9 or more and 11.3 or less; washing the wet gel; and drying the washed wet gel under supercritical conditions.1. A method of producing a porous silica material, comprising: preparing a raw material solution containing silicon alkoxides including diisobutyldimethoxysilane and tetramethoxysilane in such a mass ratio that a mass of the diisobutyldimethoxysilane is 0.25 or more and 1 or less per mass of the tetramethoxysilane, and a solvent; obtaining a wet gel by adding, to the raw material solution, an aqueous solution containing a catalyst for promoting hydrolysis and condensation polymerization of the silicon alkoxides, the aqueous solution having a pH of 8.9 or more and 11.3 or less; washing the wet gel; and drying the washed wet gel under supercritical conditions.","label":"IndustConst","id":1570} +{"sentence":"Indane and\/or tetralin ester plasticizers, and blends therefromPlasticizers of indane and or tetralin esters and blends thereof with thermoplastic polymers, such as PVC, are disclosed.1. A composition comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a first plasticizer of the formula: where n is 1 or 2, R is C1 to C20 linear, cyclic or branched alkyl, and each R* is, independently, H or C1 to C20 linear, cyclic or branched alkyl, where any adjacent R* can form ring structures.","label":"HouseConst","id":1571} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbing resinThe disclosed process for producing a water-absorbing resin comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing an aqueous unsaturated monomer; and a drying step of drying a particulated water-containing gel-liked crosslinked polymer, obtained in a finely crushing step during the polymerization or after the polymerization. In the process, the drying step is interrupted with a dryer kept in a heated state and thereafter the drying step is restarted.1. A process for producing a water-absorbing resin, comprising a polymerization step of polymerizing an aqueous unsaturated monomer solution and a drying step of drying a particulated water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer obtained in a finely crushing step during the polymerization or after the polymerization, wherein the drying step is carried out by supplying the particulate water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer to an air ventilating band type continuous dryer and removing the resulting dried polymer from the dryer, the drying step is interrupted with the dryer kept in a heated state and thereafter the drying step is restarted, and the particulated water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer is supplied to the dryer after the interruption, the temperature of the dryer during the interruption time of the drying step is 80 to 140° C., and the interruption of the drying step means a state where the particulated water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer or a dried material thereof is taken out of the dryer in an amount of not less than 95 mass % based on the entire retention capacity of the dryer, or not charged to or not discharged out of the dryer in the continuous drying during the interruption.","label":"Household","id":1572} +{"sentence":"Weathering-resistant, high-impact, easily colored thermoplastic compositionsMixtures which essentially consist of a graft copolymer (A), a graft copolymer (B) and a hard component (C), the latter consisting of copolymers of stryrene and\/or α-methylstyrene with acrylonitrile. The graft copolymers (A) and (B) are each based on a crosslinked acrylic ester rubber onto which is grafted a mixture of styrene and acrylonitirle. They differ only slightly in chemical composition, but differ substantially in the particle size of the acrylic ester base used for grafting. The weight ratio of the grafting bases can be from 90:10 to 35:65, and the proportion of the two grafting bases together, based on the total mixture, is from about 10 to 35 percent by weight. Mixtures of the above 3 components are weathering-resistant, exhibit a high impact strength, and are easy to color. The use of such mixtures by conventional thermoplastic processing methods, eg. extrusion or injection molding, gives, especially after the material has been colored, vitrually no difference in hue in the vicinity of a gate or of a weld line, so that a great variety of moldings for daily use or for leisure purposes can be produced.1. A mixture which essentially consists of (A) a first graft copolymer which is formed from (A1) 55-75% by weight, based on (A), of a crosslinked acrylic ester polymer having a glass transition temperature of below 0° C. and a mean particle diameter (weight average) of from 50 to 150 nm, as the grafting base, onto which are grafted (A2) from 45 to 25% by weight, based on (A), of a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile in the weight ratio of from 80:20 to 65:35, (B) a second, separately prepared graft copolymer which is formed from (B1) 60-80% by weight, based on (B), of a crosslinked acrylic ester polymer having a glass transition temperature of below 0° C. and a mean particle diameter (weight average) in the range from 200 to 500 nm, as the grafting base, onto which are grafted (B2) 40-20% by weight, based on (B), of a mixture of styrene and acrylonitrile in the weight ratio of from 80:20 to 65:35, and (C) a hard component consisting of one or more copolymers of styrene and\/or α-methylstyrene with acrylonitrile, which copolymers contain 20-40% by weight of acrylonitrile as copolymerized units, with the proviso that in the mixture ((A)+(B)+(C)) the weight ratio of the grafting bases (A1):(B1) is from about 90:10 to 35:65, and the proportion of the sum of the two grafting bases ((A1)+(B1)) is from about 10 to 35% by weight, based on the total mixture ((A)+(B)+(C)).","label":"Automobile","id":1573} +{"sentence":"Hydrogen generatorThis invention relates to a hydrogen generator system for generating hydrogen from a water split reaction. The generator comprises a pressure container having a reactant water inlet, and a product hydrogen outlet. Pluralities of cells are vertically stacked inside the container; each cell contains a reactant compound comprising a mechanical mixture of metal and an anti-passivation material. The reactant compound produces hydrogen gas upon contact with water, and the cells are stacked such that water entering from the inlet can rise inside the container and sequentially activate each immersed cell to produce hydrogen gas.1. A method of generating hydrogen in a water split reaction comprising: a) providing a pressure container having a water inlet for fluidly coupling said container to a water source and a product hydrogen outlet for fluidly coupling said container to a hydrogen consumer, wherein said container comprises a a plurality of cells vertically stacked inside said container each containing a reactant compound comprising a mechanical mixture of a reactant metal and an anti-passivation material; (b) flowing water through said inlet into said container; (c) controllably raising the level of water in said container upwardly to sequentially activate each of said cells as said cells are successively immersed in said water, wherein said reactant compound in each of said cells produces hydrogen gas upon contact with said water, wherein each cell of said plurality of cells comprises a reaction chamber, wherein said chamber is sealed to confine a selected amount of water in said cell corresponding to the amount of said reactant compound therein when said level of water rises in said container sufficient to immerse said cell; and (d) flowing said hydrogen gas collected inside said container to said product hydrogen outlet for delivery to said consumer.","label":"IndustConst","id":1574} +{"sentence":"HydrogelsDescribed are water-insoluble water-swellable hydrogels which have been coated with steric or electrostatic spacers and which have the following pre-coating features: Absorbency Under Load (AUL) (0.7 psi) of at least 20 g\/g, Gel strength of at least 1 600 Pa, and preferably the following post-coating features: Centrifuge Retention Capacity (CRC) of at least 24 g\/g, Saline Flow Conductivity (SFC) of at least 30×10 −7 cm 3 s\/g and Free Swell Rate (FSR) of at least 0.15 g\/g s and\/or vortex Time of not more than 160 s.1 . Water-insoluble water-swellable hydrogels coated with steric or electrostatic spacers, characterized by the following pre-coating features: Absorbency Under Load (AUL) (0.7 psi) of at least 20 g\/g, Gel strength of at least 1 600 Pa.","label":"Household","id":1575} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of unsaturated acids and estersSaturated, lower aliphatic acids and esters are oxydehydrogenated to the corresponding unsaturated acids and esters by use of a catalyst of the empirical formula: [Equation] Mo12P0.1-3 Bi0.01-2 M0.1-3 Cu0.01-2 V0.01-3 XaM'bOc (I) where M is at least one of K, Rb and Cs; X is at least one of Ba, Zn, Ga, Cd, Ti, when a>0; M' is at least one of Ca, Mg, Ta, Zr, Ce, Ni, Co, Cr, Fe and Tl when b>0; a is a number of 0 to about 2; b is a number of 0 to about 2; and c is a number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present.1. A vapor-phase process for the production of a compound of the formula the process comprising contacting in the presence of molecular oxygen a compound of the formula where R-R"'s are independently hydrogen or a C1-C4alkyl radical, with a catalytic amount of a catalyst of the formula [Equation] Mo12P0.1-3 Bi0.01-2 M0.1-3 Cu0.01-2 V0.01-3 XaM'sbOc (I) where M is at least one of K, Rb and Cs; X is at least one of Ba, Zn, Ga, Cd and Ti when a>0; M's is at least one of Ca, Mg, Ta, Zr, Ce, Ni, Co, Cr, Fe and Tl when b>0; a is a number of 0 to about 2; b is a number of 0 to about 2; and c is a number that satisfies the valence requirements of the other elements present.","label":"Catalyst","id":1576} +{"sentence":"Silyl-diamine initiators for anionic polymerization of 1,3-butadiene and styrene, and rubber compositionsThis invention relates to a novel polymerization initiator capable of introducing an active amino proton into a polymerization starting terminal without losing polymerization activity, and a novel modified conjugated diene polymer being excellent in the interaction with a filler and capable of improving a low heat buildup of a rubber composition, and more particularly to a polymerization initiator being a diamine compound in which one amino group is protected with a silylating agent and an active proton of the other amino group is replaced with an alkali metal or an alkaline earth metal, and a modified conjugated diene polymer which can be produced by using such a polymerization initiator and is a homopolymer of a conjugated diene compound or a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound and has a residue derived from a diamine compound at its polymerization starting terminal.1. A modified conjugated diene polymer comprising a homopolymer of a conjugated diene compound or a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound and characterized by the following formula (I): wherein R1and R2are independently an alkyl or aryl group having a carbon number of 1-20, a substituted silyl group or a hydrogen atom; R3is an alkylene or arylene group having a carbon number of 1-12 provided that it may include a hetero atom provided that it does not have an active proton; Y1is a substituted silyl group or a hydrogen atom; a part of R1, R2, R3and Y1may be bonded to each other to form a cyclic structure; Poly is a homopolymer part of a conjugated diene compound or a copolymer portion of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound; Z1is an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal salt or an alkaline earth metal alkyl group, or a residue produced by reacting with a carbanion reactive compound, or a hydrogen atom provided that when Z1is an alkali metal, an alkali earth metal salt or an alkaline earth metal alkyl group, none of R1, R2and Y1is the hydrogen atom.","label":"Automobile","id":1577} +{"sentence":"RUBBER COMPOSITION CONTAINING MODIFIED POLYBUTADIENE RUBBER AND TIREA rubber composition comprises 10 to 70 parts by mass of carbon black having 20 to 100 m2\/g of the specific surface area by nitrogen adsorption per 100 parts by mass of a rubber component comprising 20 to 80 parts by mass of a modified polybutadiene rubber and 80 to 20 parts by mass of natural rubber and\/or at least one other diene-based synthetic rubber, wherein the modified polybutadiene is obtained by polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in an organic solvent using a compound having a rare earth element of the lanthanoid series, followed by modifying the obtained polybutadiene, and has a content of the cis-1,4-bond of 92% or greater, a content of vinyl bond of 1.5% or smaller and a fraction of the modified chain end of 20% or greater; and a tire using the rubber composition for a sidewall. The rubber composition exhibits excellent low heat buildup property and resistance to fracture.1 . A rubber composition comprising a rubber component, which comprises 20 to 80 parts by mass of a modified polybutadiene rubber having a content of cis-1,4 bond of 92% or greater, a content of vinyl bond of 1.5% or smaller and a fraction of modified chain end of 20% or greater and 80 to 20 parts by mass of natural rubber and\/or at least one other diene-based synthetic rubber, and 10 to 70 parts by mass of carbon black having a specific surface area by nitrogen adsorption of 20 to 100 m2\/g per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.","label":"Automobile","id":1578} +{"sentence":"Absorbent members for body fluids having good wet integrity and relatively high concentrations of hydrogel-forming absorbent polymer having high porosityAbsorbent members useful in the containment of body fluids such as urine, that have at least one region containing hydrogel-forming absorbent polymer in a concentration of from about 60 to 100% by weight and providing a gel-continuous fluid transportation zone when in a swollen state. This hydrogel-forming absorbent polymer has: (a) a porosity of at least about 0.15; (b) a Performance under Pressure (PUP) capacity value of at least about 23 g\/g under a confining pressure of 0.7 psi (5 kPa); (c) a basis weight of at least about 10 gsm; and (d) optionally, but preferably, a Saline Flow Conductivity (SFC) value of at least about 30×10-7cm3sec\/g. In addition, the region where this hydrogel-forming absorbent polymer is present has, even when subjected to normal use conditions, sufficient wet integrity such that the gel-continuous zone substantially maintains its ability to acquire and transport body fluids through the gel-continuous zone.1. An absorbent member for the containment of aqueous body fluids, which comprises at least one region comprising hydrogel-forming absorbent polymer in a concentration of from about 60 to 100% by weight, said hydrogel-forming polymer providing a gel continuous fluid transportation zone when in a swollen state and having: (a) a porosity of at least about 0.15; (b) a Performance under Pressure (PUP) capacity value of at least about 23 g\/g under a confining pressure of 0.7 psi (5 kPa); (c) a basis weight of at least about 10 gsm; said region having, when subjected to normal use conditions, sufficient wet integrity such that said gel continuous zone substantially maintains its ability to acquire and transport said body fluids through said gel continuous zone.","label":"Household","id":1579} +{"sentence":"Color-stable superabsorbent polymer compositionA color-stable superabsorbent polymer having long-term color stability, and methods of manufacturing the polymer, are disclosed. The superabsorbent polymer is prepared using a sulfinic acid derivative, like 2-hydroxy-2-sulfinatoacetic acid, a salt thereof, or a mixture thereof, as the reducing agent in a polymerization initiator system for the preparation of a superabsorbent polymer from monomers. The resulting superabsorbent polymer resists color degradation during periods of extended storage, even at an elevated temperature and humidity.1. A method of manufacturing color-stable superabsorbent polymer particles comprising the steps of: (a) forming a monomer mixture comprising: (i) at least one monomer capable of forming a superabsorbent polymer, (ii) a crosslinking agent, (iii) an initiator system comprising a sulfinic acid derivative having a structure wherein M is hydrogen, an ammonium ion, or a monovalent or a divalent metal ion of groups Ia, IIa, IIb, IVa, and VIIIb of the Periodic Table of the Elements; R1is OH or NR4R5, wherein R4and R5, independently, are H or C1-C6alkyl; R2is H or an alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, or aryl group, optionally having 1-3 substituents independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C6alkyl, OH, O—C1-C6alkyl, halogen, and CF3; and R3is COOM, SO3M, COR4, CONR4R5, or COOR4, wherein M, R4, and R5are as defined above, or, if R2is unsubstituted or unsubstituted aryl, R3is H; and the salts thereof; or a mixture thereof; (iv) an optional photoinitiator, and (v) water; (b) polymerizing the monomer and the crosslinking agent in the monomer mixture to form a superabsorbent polymer hydrogel; (c) optionally subjecting the superabsorbent polymer hydrogel to a low dose of UV radiation; (d) comminuting the superabsorbent polymer hydrogel to provide superabsorbent hydrogel particles; and (e) drying the superabsorbent polymer hydrogel particles for a sufficient time at a sufficient temperature to provide the color-stable superabsorbent polymer particles, wherein the color-stable SAP particles, after storage for 30 days at 60° C. and 90% relative humidity, exhibit an HC60 color value of at least 60 and a maximum b-value of 10.","label":"Household","id":1580} +{"sentence":"Functionalized amine initiators for anionic polymerizationA process for the preparation of hydrocarbon solutions of monofunctional amine initiators of the following general structures: wherein M is defined as an alkali metal, selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium, Q is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group derived by incorporation of a compound selected from the group consisting of conjugated diene hydrocarbons and alkenyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons; Z is a hydrocarbon tether group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms; A is an element selected from Group IVa of the periodic table and R1,R2,and R3are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or substituted aryl groups, m is an integer from 0 to 7, and n is an integer from 1 to 5, monofunctional amine initiators produced by the process, use of the initiators in a polymerization process and polymers produced by the polymerization process.1. A process for the anionic polymerization of olefinic-containing monomer comprising the steps of: a) initiating polymerization of a conjugated polyene hydrocarbon having 4 to 30 carbon atoms or a vinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon at a temperature of 10° C. to 70° C. with initiators having the formulas: [Equation] M--Qn--Z--N(A(R1R2R3))2 wherein M is an alkali metal selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium and potassium, Q is a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbyl group selected from the group consisting of C4to C10alkane hydrocarbons and C8to C19alkanyl substituted aromatic hydrocarbons; Z is a hydrocarbon group which contains 3-25 carbon atoms; A is carbon and silicon and R1,R2,and R3are independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or substituted aryl groups, m is an integer from 0 to 7, and n is an integer from 1 to 5; and b) recovering a linear or branched polymer having one or more terminal functional groups.","label":"Automobile","id":1581} +{"sentence":"Olefin oligomerization in the presence of novel complexesThe present invention relates to the oligomerization of lower alpha olefins, and particularly ethylene, to higher olefins in the presence of a catalyst precursor having either or both of a dithiophosphinate complex and a heterobifunctional ligand having a phosphine center and an imine or similar center, in the presence of an activator. The catalysts have a high reactivity and a good selectivity.1. A process for the oligomerization of one or more C2-4olefins to one or more higher olefins comprising; a) forming a solution of a catalyst comprising an activator and a catalyst precursor in a mole ratio from 1:1 to 500:1 in a solvent selected from the group consisting of C6-12cyclic aliphatic and aromatic compounds which are unsubstituted or substituted by a C1-4alkyl radical wherein said catalyst precursor is selected from the group consisting of: wherein: M is selected from the group consisting of Ni, Cr, Ti, V, Zr, Hf, W; and Mo; t, u, and v are integers, the sum of 2t+u+v is the coordination number of M, t is an integer from 1 to half the coordination number of M, u and v may be 0 or integers and the sum of u+v is from 0 to two less than the coordination number of M; R1,and R2,are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-10straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl radicals, C6-8monoaromatic aryl radicals which are unsubstituted or substituted by up to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-8alkyl radicals, C1-6alkoxy or thioalkyl radicals, C6-12aryloxy radicals, C6-12arylthio radicals, CF3; and fluorine; or if taken together R1and R2form a diradical of the formula: wherein each n is independently 0 or 1; m is an integer from 1 to 10; each B is independently selected from the group consisting of O or S; X is selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, I, and H, and A is a ligand selected from the group consisting of: i) ligands of the formula P(R3)3wherein R3may independently be selected from the group of radicals consisting of C1-10straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl radicals; C6-8monoaromatic aryl radicals which are unsubstituted or substituted by up to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-8alkyl radicals; and ii) ligands of the formula: wherein R4may be a radical selected from the group of radicals from which R3is selected; and R5and R6may independently be a hydrogen atom or a radical selected from the group consisting of C1-10straight chained or branched alkyl radicals, C5-8cyclic alkyl radicals, and C6-8monoaromatic aryl radicals which are unsubstituted or substituted by up to three, substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-8alkyl radicals; (2) complexes of a heterobifunctional ligand having a phosphine center and an imine center of the formula: wherein: M is as defined above; R9,R10,R11,and R12are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-10straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl radicals, C6-8monoaromatic aryl radicals which are unsubstituted or substituted by up to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-8alkyl radicals; F and G are independently selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, I, and H, and ligands selected from the group consisting of: i) ligands of the formula P(R3)3where in R3is as defined above; and ii) ligands of the formula: wherein R4, R5and R6are as defined above; Y is P or As; Q is selected from the group consisting of (CH2)nwherein n is 1, 2, or 3, a C2-4alkyl radical, a disubstituted C6aryl radical, R7N wherein R7is selected from the group consisting of C1-6straight chained or branched alkyl radicals, C6-10aryl radicals which are unsubstituted or substituted by a C1-4alkyl radical; p is 0 or 1; and if present R8is selected from the group consisting of: i) a radical of the formula: wherein A, B, C, D, are independently selected from the group consisting of F, H, NO2,a C1-6alkyl radical, and a C8-12aryl radical, and E is an endocyclic nitrogen atom or a C--CN radical or isomers thereof; ii( SiR1R2R3where in R1,R2,and R3are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-4alkyl radicals; and iii) a group of the formula: in which Cp is a cyclopentadienyl radical; (3) complexes of the formula: wherein M, X, and Q are as defined above; j is 2 or 3 depending on the coordination number of M; and R9,R10,R11,and R12are independently selected from the group consisting of C1-10straight chained, branched or cyclic alkyl radicals; and C6-8monoaromatic aryl radicals which are unsubstituted or substituted by up to three substituents selected from the group consisting of C1-8alkyl radicals; and (4) complexes of the formula: wherein M is as defined above, and L1,L2,L3,and L4are independently selected from the group of consisting of: i) ligands of the formula: wherein R4, R5and R6are as defined above L1and L2,or L3and L4,or both, may be taken together to form a ligand of the formula: wherein Y, Q, R8, R9,R10,R11,and R12,and p are as defined above: iii) ligands of the formula P(R3)3where in R3is as defined above provided at least one of L1,L2,L3,and L4is a ligand of formulas i) or ii) above; and iv) olefins selected from the group consisting of C2-4olefins, and C6-8cyclic, nonconjugated diolefins provided at least one of L1,L2,L3,and L4is a ligand of formulas i) or ii) above; and said activator selected from the group consisting of aluminum alkyl compounds of the formula AiR(3-n) Xnin which R is a C1-8alkyl radical, X is a halogen atom and n is 0, 1, or 2, alkyl aluminoxane compounds in which the alkyl group has from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, boron trihalide, tetraphenylborate, and tri- or tetra(penta fluorophenyl) boron compounds or complexes; and b) contacting said olefin in liquid form with the solution of the catalyst at a temperature from -15° C. to 250° C.; and at a pressure from 15 to 1500 psi.","label":"Catalyst","id":1582} +{"sentence":"Particulate superabsorbent polymer composition having improved performance propertiesThe present invention relates to a particulate superabsorbent polymer composition which absorbs water, aqueous liquids, and blood, and a process to make the superabsorbent polymers, wherein a superabsorbent polymer is surface treated with a neutralized multivalent metal salt solution having a pH value similar as that of human skin. The present invention also relates to particulate superabsorbent polymer composition having high Gel Bed Permeability and high Absorbency Under Load.1. A particulate superabsorbent polymer composition comprising a polymer comprising: a) from about 55 wt % to about 99.9 wt % of polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomers; b) from about 0.001 wt % to about 5.0 wt % based on the weight of a) of an internal crosslinking agent, wherein the components a) and c) are polymerized into a hydrogel which is granulated into particulate superabsorbent polymer having a surface and a degree of neutralization of from about 50 mol % to about 80 mol %; c) from about 0.001 wt % to about 5.0 wt % based on the dry particulate superabsorbent composition weight of surface crosslinking agent applied to the surface of the particulate superabsorbent polymer; and d) from 0.01 wt % to about 5 wt % based on the dry particulate superabsorbent composition weight of a neutralized aluminum salt applied to the surface of the particulate superabsorbent polymer, wherein said neutralized aluminum salt further comprises a hydroxyl mono-carboxylic acid or its salt, wherein the molar ratio of said hydroxyl mono-carboxylic acid to the aluminum is between about 0.75:1 to about 1.5:1, and wherein the neutralized aluminum salt is in the form of an aqueous solution having a pH value from about 5.5 to about 7 and the particulate superabsorbent polymer composition have a Gel Bed Permeability of from about 30 Darcy to about 100 Darcy as measured by the Free-Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test as set forth herein.","label":"Household","id":1583} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR AEROGEL PRODUCTION AND AEROGEL COMPOSITE MATERIALThe present invention relates to a method for aerogel production and to a composite material produced by said method and comprising an aerogel and mineral fibers. An aerogel material produced on the basis of silicate with a coefficient of thermal conductivity of <18 mW\/mK is obtainable by rendering it hydrophobic with HMDSO in the presence of nitric acid.20 . A method of producing an aerogel, comprising: preparing a silicatic sol; producing a gel from the silicatic sol; hydrophobizing the gel with a silylation agent comprising hexamethyldisiloxane in the presence of an acid comprising nitric acid (HNO3) as a catalyst; and drying the gel by subcritical drying.","label":"IndustConst","id":1584} +{"sentence":"Cement admixture and cement compositionThe admixtures for a cementitious composition of the invention, which have the above-mentioned constitutions, can suitably be used in cement pastes, mortar, concrete and like cement compositions and can stabilize the amount of air entrained with the lapse of time and thus facilitate the quality control of cement compositions and, further, can improve the workability of cement compositions owing to their excellent dispersing capacities. The cement compositions of the invention which comprise such admixture for a cementitious composition are excellent in water-reducing ability and workability and can give hardened products excellent in strength and durability and, further, can stably maintain the amount of air entrained without allowing increases in the amount of air even when the time of kneading is prolonged in the production.1. A cement additive comprising a compound (A) represented by the following general formula (1); R1—OR2On—X—R3  (1) in the formula, X represents —CO— or —CH2CH2NHCO—, R1represents a hydrocarbon group containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms, the n R2O groups may be the same or different and each represents an oxyalkylene group containing 2 to 18 carbon atoms, n represents the average molar number of addition of the oxyalkylene group and is an integer of 1 to 300 and R3represents a group having at least one carboxyl or sulfonyl group or a salt thereof.","label":"Household","id":1585} +{"sentence":"C10\/C7 ester mixtures based on 2-propylheptanolEster mixture comprising at least one ester of an aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid having a C10 alcohol component composed of 2-propylheptanol or composed of a C10 alcohol mixture composed of 2-propylheptanol and of at least one of the C10 alcohols 2-propyl-4-methylhexanol, 2-propyl-5-methylhexanol, 2-isopropylheptanol, 2-isopropyl-4-methylhexanol, 2-isopropyl-5-methylhexanol, and\/or 2-propyl-4,4-dimethylpentanol, and comprising at least one ester of an aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid having a C7 alcohol component composed of n-heptanol or composed of an alcohol mixture composed of n-heptanol with at least one of the C7 alcohols 2-methylhexanol and\/or 2-ethylpentanol, where the aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid has been selected from the group consisting of citric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and trimellitic acid, and polyvinyl chloride composition comprising this ester mixture.1. An ester mixture comprising at least one ester of an aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid having a C10 alcohol component composed of 2-propylheptanol or composed of a C10 alcohol mixture composed of 2-propylheptanol and of at least one of the C10 alcohols selected from the group consisting of 2-propyl-4-methylhexanol, 2-propyl-5-methylhexanol, 2-isopropylheptanol, 2-isopropyl-4-methylhexanol, 2-isopropyl-5-methylhexanol, and 2-propyl-4,4-dimethylpentanol, and comprising at least one ester of an aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid having a C7 alcohol component composed of n-heptanol or composed of an alcohol mixture composed of n-heptanol and at least one of the C7 alcohols selected from the group consisting of 2-methylhexanol and 2-ethylpentanol, wherein the aliphatic or aromatic di- or tricarboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of citric acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, and trimellitic acid.","label":"HouseConst","id":1586} +{"sentence":"Solvent Management Methods for Gel ProductionEmbodiments of the present invention describe a method for continuous manufacture of a gel material comprising the steps of: forming a gel sheet by dispensing a gel precursor mixture onto a moving element at a rate effective to allow gelation to occur to the gel precursor mixture on the moving element; and cooling the formed gel thereby reducing the rate of solvent evaporation therefrom.1 . A method for continuous manufacture of a gel material comprising the steps of: (a) forming a gel sheet by dispensing a gel precursor mixture onto a moving element at a predetermined rate effective to allow gelation to occur to the gel precursor mixture on the moving element; and (b) cooling the formed gel thereby reducing the rate of solvent evaporation therefrom.","label":"IndustConst","id":1587} +{"sentence":"Solvent cleaning and recovery processVinyl halide polymers are removed from the internal surfaces of reaction equipment with a solvent and the solvent recovered by: (1) contacting the polymer-containing solvent with steam forming a slurry; (2) cooling the slurry to form a crumbly precipitate; (3) separating the resulting slurry into an aqueous solvent and a precipitate; (4) adding water to the precipitate to form a second slurry; and (5) separating the second slurry into a second aqueous solvent solution and vinyl halide polymers. The aqueous solvent solutions are dehydrated before being reused in solvent cleaning.1. In a process for solvent cleaning polymerization reaction equipment to remove vinyl halide polymers from the internal surfaces thereof which comprises contacting said internal surfaces with a solvent for said vinyl halide polymers heated to an elevated temperature, said solvent having an atmospheric boiling point above 100° C, and removing a solution containing the vinyl halide polymers dissolved in said solvent from said reaction equipment, the improvement which comprises the steps of: 1. contacting said solution with steam in a vessel to precipitate substantially all of the vinyl halide polymers from said solution to form a first slurry comprising said vinyl halide polymers in an aqueous solution of said solvent and water, said first slurry containing greater than about 6% by weight water and having a temperature within the range of about 75° to 120° C. 2. cooling said first slurry from step (1) to a temperature less than the highest temperature obtained during step (1) sufficient to form a crumbly precipitate, 3. separating the cooled first slurry from step (2) into a first aqueous solvent solution and a precipitate, 4. adding water to said precipitate from step (3) with agitation to form a second slurry, 5. separating said second slurry into a second aqueous solvent solution and vinyl halide polymers, and 6. dehydrating at least one of said aqueous solvent solutions to recover said solvent.","label":"HouseConst","id":1588} +{"sentence":"Crosslinkable polyethylene compositionA composition comprising: polyethylene; as a scorch inhibitor, 2,4-diphenyl-4-methyl-1-pentene; as a cure booster, 3,9-divinyl-2,4,8,10-tetra-oxaspiro[5.5]undecane; and an organic peroxide.1. A composition comprising: (a) polyethylene; (b) as a scorch inhibitor, 2,4-diphenyl-4-methyl-1-pentene; (c) as a cure booster, 3,9-divinyl-2,4,8, 10-tetra-oxaspiro[5.5]undecane; and (d) an organic peroxide.","label":"HouseConst","id":1589} +{"sentence":"Water-Repellent Structure and Method for Making the SameA water-repellent structure and a method for fabricating the same are provided. The method adopts an atmospheric pressure plasma deposition (APPD) technique to form a hardened coating having a rough surface on a substrate, and form a water-repellent coating on the rough surface. Because the water-repellent structure includes the hardened coating and the water-repellent coating, hardness, abrasion-resistance, transparency and hydrophobicity of the water-repellent structure are improved. The hard water-repellent structure protects the substrate from friction. Moreover, because the present invention adopts the APPD technique to form the water-repellent structure, the cost of production is reduced dramatically. Thus, the present invention can solve drawbacks of prior art.1 . A method for fabricating a water-repellent structure, the method comprising the steps of: providing a substrate; forming a hardened coating having a rough surface on a surface of the substrate by an atmospheric pressure plasma deposition (APPD) technique; and forming a water-repellent coating on the rough surface by the atmospheric pressure plasma deposition (APPD) technique, such that the water-repellent structure comprising the hardened coating and the water-repellent coating is formed on the surface of the substrate.","label":"IndustConst","id":1590} +{"sentence":"Resist material and pattern formation processA resist composition comprising (a) a polymer having at least repeating units of the formulae: (b) a photoacid generator and (c) a solvent, has high sensitivity to light, excellent heat resistance, adhesiveness to a substrate and suitable for pattern formation with high resolution.1. A photoresist composition comprising an admixture of: (a) a polymer having repeating units of the formula: wherein R1is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R2and R3are independently a hydrogen atom, or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms provided that R2and R3cannot be hydrogen atoms at the same time, and R2and R3together being able to form an alkylene chain having 2 to 5 carbon atoms; R4is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a linear, branched or cyclic haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an aralkyl group; R5is a hydrogen atom or a cyano group; R6is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group; R7is a hydrogen atom, a cyano group or --COOY; Y is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; R5and R7may bind to each other to form --CO--O-- CO--; k and l are independently a natural number (0.1≤k\/(k+l)≤0.9); and m is zero or a natural number (when m is a natural number, 0.05≤m\/(k+l+m)≤0.50), (b) at least one compound selected from compounds of the following formulae III, V, VI and VII: wherein R8and R9are independently a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a group of the formula: wherein R10and R11are independently a hydrogen atom, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a haloalkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms which may be either linear or branched; and n is zero or a natural number; wherein R12is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group, a trifluoromethy group, a phenyl group or a tolyl group; R13and R14are independently a hydrogen atom, or a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms; and R15is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a phenyl group, a halogen-substituted phenyl group, an alkyl-substituted phenyl group, an alkoxy-substituted phenyl group, or an alkylthio-substituted phenyl group; wherein R16is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a phenyl group or a tolyl group; and R17is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group or an alkoxy group; and wherein R18is a trichloroacetyl group, a p-toluenesulfonyl group, a p-trifluoromethylbenzenesulfonyl group, a methanesulfonyl group or a trifluoromethanesulfonyl group; and R19and R20are independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a nitro group; which generates an acid upon exposure to light, and (c) a solvent capable of dissolving the components (a) and (b).","label":"Automobile","id":1591} +{"sentence":"Resilient superabsorbent compositionsSuperabsorbent polymers having improved gel bed resiliency are prepared by dry blending the polymer with a multivalent metal salt to form a mixture; and contacting the mixture with from about 0.1 to 10 percent of binder, based on the weight of the mixture.1. A process, the process comprising dry blending a polymer with at least 0.5 percent of a multivalent metal salt, based on the weight of the mixture of the polymer and the salt, then intimately contacting the mixture with from 0.1 to 10 percent binder, based on the weight of the polymer and multivalent metal salt mixture, said binder being selected from the group consisting of water and an organic compound having a boiling point of at least 150° C., wherein the contacting is conducted in the substantial absence of a volatile alcohol and in the substantial absence of a monovalent metal salt or ammonium salt of an oxyacid selected from sulfurous acid and thiosulfuric acid; and wherein the polymer is a polymer selected from saponification products of vinyl acetate acrylic ester copolymers, derivatives of copolymers of isobutylene and maleic anhydride, hydrolyzates of acrylonitrile copolymers, cross-linked products of hydrolyzates of acrylonitrile copolymers, polyaspartate hydrolyzates of acrylamide copolymers, cross-linked products of hydrolyzates of acrylamide copolymers, partially neutralized products of polyacrylic acids and cross-linked products of partially neutralized acids.","label":"Household","id":1592} +{"sentence":"Polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbent resin and method for producing sameIn order to realize, while preventing gelatification of a monomer not yet to be polymerized, a water-absorbent resin which is more stable in color over time and has a significant enhancement in a problem concerning surface color and an excellent absorption property, a method for producing a polyacrylic acid-based water-absorbent resin includes: a preparation step in which a monomer is prepared from acrylic acid including hydroxyacetone in an amount not larger than 300 mass ppm; a polymerization step in which the monomer is polymerized so that a hydrogel is obtained; and a drying step in which the hydrogel is dried. Also, a method of the present invention for producing polyacrylic acid-based water-absorbent resin includes: a preparation step in which a monomer is prepared from acrylic acid; a polymerization step in which the monomer is polymerized in presence of phenol so that a hydrogel is obtained; and a drying step in which the hydrogel is dried.1 . A method for producing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbent resin, the method comprising: a preparation step in which a monomer is prepared from acrylic acid including hydroxyacetone in an amount not larger than 300 mass ppm; a polymerization step in which the monomer is polymerized so that a hydrogel is obtained; and a drying step in which the hydrogel is dried.","label":"Household","id":1593} +{"sentence":"Liquid diene polymers and copolymers terminated by reaction with fused-ring polynuclear aromatic compoundsA terminally functionalized liquid polymer is prepared by reacting a low molecular weight living diene polymer or copolymer obtained by anionic polymerization of a diene monomer or mixture of a diene monomer and a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer with a fused-ring polynuclear aromatic compound. The resultant terminally functionalized liquid diene polymers or copolymers can be utilized as dispersants for particulates such as carbon black or graphite and may also be employed as viscosity modifiers for lubricating oils or in electrorheological devices or damping devices.1. A terminally functionalized liquid polymer prepared by reacting a living polymer having a molecular weight Mnof from about 200 to about 50,000 obtained by anionic polymerization of a diene monomer or a mixture of a diene monomer and vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon monomer with a fused-ring polynuclear aromatic compound capable of reacting with no more than 1 mole of living polymer per mole of said fused-ring polynuclear aromatic compound.","label":"Automobile","id":1594} +{"sentence":"HYDROPOHOBIC AEROGELSMethods of making hydrophobic aerogels are described. Disclosed methods include forming a surface-modified metal oxide aerogel precursor from a sol comprising a solvent, a metal oxide precursor, and a hydrophobic surface modifying agent. The resulting modified precursor can be dried to from hydrophobic aerogels. Methods of forming the surface-modified metal oxide aerogel precursor include hydrolyzing the metal oxide precursor and co-condensing the hydrolyzed metal oxide precursor and the hydrophobic surface modifying agent. Hydrophobic aerogels and hydrophobic aerogel articles are also disclosed.1 . A method of preparing a hydrophobic aerogel comprising forming a surface-modified metal oxide aerogel precursor from a sol comprising a solvent, a metal oxide precursor, and a hydrophobic surface modifying agent; and drying the surface-modified metal oxide aerogel precursor to form the hydrophobic aerogel.","label":"IndustConst","id":1595} +{"sentence":"Sealant compositions having a novel plasticizerA sealant composition having from about 0.1 to about 90 weight % of a polymer selected from the group consisting of butyls, acrylics, urethanes, polysulfides, and silicone modified polymers, and at least one C4 to C8 alkyl terephthalate.1. A self-curing sealant composition comprising: at least one polymer selected from acrylic polymers, polyurethanes or polyureas, and silane-modified polymers, between about 35% and about 70% by weight, based on total weight of the composition, of a mineral filler, and at least one C4 to C8 alkyl terephthalate.","label":"HouseConst","id":1596} +{"sentence":"Damage-resistant superabsorbent materialsSuperabsorbent material treated to resist damage when subjected to an Absorbent Product Processing Simulation Test, which simulates the mechanical damage that occurs during current commercial diaper manufacturing processes. The treated superabsorbent material has a centrifuge retention capacity of about 15 grams or greater of 0.9 weight percent sodium chloride per gram of the superabsorbent material and a gel bed permeability (GBP) at 0 psi swell pressure on pre-screened particles of about 200 (×10−9cm2) or greater. After subjecting the treated superabsorbent material to the Absorbent Product Processing Simulation Test, the treated superabsorbent may exhibit minimal reduction in GBP of pre-screened or un-screened particles at 0 psi or at 0.3 psi swell pressure, as well as possibly exhibiting minimal reduction in average particle size diameter (PSD). The superabsorbent material can be treated by adding an aqueous solution of a hydrophilic soft polymer to the superabsorbent material, mixing the superabsorbent material with the aqueous solution, and drying the superabsorbent material.1. A superabsorbent material, comprising: a superabsorbent material treated with a coating including a hydrophilic soft polymer crosslinked with an acrylate or methacrylate ester having an alkoxysilane functionality to resist damage when subjected to an Absorbent Product Processing Simulation Test; wherein the treated superabsorbent material has a centrifuge retention capacity of about 15 grams or greater of 0.9 weight percent sodium chloride aqueous solution per gram of the treated superabsorbent material and a gel bed permeability (GBP) at a 0 psi swell pressure on pre-screened 300–600 micron particles of about 200 (×10−9cm2) or greater prior to subjecting the treated superabsorbent material to the Absorbent Product Processing Simulation Test; and subsequent to subjecting the treated superabsorbent material to the Absorbent Product Processing Simulation Test the treated superabsorbent material exhibits at least one property selected from the group consisting of: (1) a reduction in GBP value at a 0 psi swell pressure on pre-screened particles of about 20% or less; (2) a reduction in GBP value at a 0.3 psi swell pressure on pre-screened particles of about 50% or less; (3) a reduction in GBP value at a 0 psi swell pressure on un-screened particles of about 50% or less; (4) a reduction in GBP value at a 0.3 psi swell pressure on un-screened particles of about 60% or less; and (5) an average particle size reduction of about 20% or less.","label":"Household","id":1597} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of 2-ethyl-hexanolA process for the production of 2-ethyl-hexanol comprising reacting propene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in the presence of an aqueous catalyst containing rhodium and at least one sulfonated triarylphosphine, to form an aqueous phase and an organic phase, said organic phase comprising a mixture of materials having boiling points lower than that of n-butanal and substances having boiling points equal to or higher than that of n-butanal, said materials including i-butanal, separating said material from said substances, subjecting said substances to aldol condensation, in the presence of aqueous alkali, to form 2-ethyl hexenal, first hydrogenating said 2-ethyl-hexenal in a gas phase in the presence of a first hydrogenation catalyst and thereafter hydrogenating said 2-ethyl-hexenal in a liquid phase to form 2-ethyl-hexanol in the presence of a second hydrogenation catalyst.1. A process for the production of 2-ethyl-hexanol comprising reacting propene with carbon monoxide and hydrogen, in the presence of an aqueous catalyst containing rhodium and at least one sulfonated triaryl phosphine, to form an aqueous phase and an organic phase, said organic phase comprising a mixture of materials having boiling points lower than that of n-butanal and substances having boiling points equal to or higher than that of n-butanal, said materials including i-butanal, separating said material from said substances, subjecting said substances to aldol condensation, in the presence of aqueous alkali, to form 2-ethyl hexenal, first hydrogenating said 2-ethyl-hexenal in a gas phase in the presence of a first hydrogenation catalyst and thereafter hydrogenating said 2-ethyl-hexenal in a liquid phase to form 2-ethyl-hexanol in the presence of a second hydrogenation catalyst.","label":"Process","id":1598} +{"sentence":"Polymer compositions and absorbent fibers produced therefromAqueous, uncured but curable, polymer compositions which are stable at room temperature and possess excellent shelf life in uncured form are disclosed. The uncured polymer compositions can be made into fibers using conventional fiber forming processes and cured to produce absorbent fibers capable of absorbing at least 60 times their weight of brine.1. A method for making absorbent fibers which comprises: (a) attenuating a partially neutralized, aqueous, uncured polymer composition prepared by reacting a strong base with a polymer containing at least 25 mole percent recurring units of an α,β-unsaturated monomer having in its molecule one or two carboxyl groups or one or two other groups convertible to and converted to carboxyl groups, the degree of neutralization of said partially neutralized polymer being within the range of from about 0.2 to about 0.8 equivalent of total carboxyl groups or groups convertible to and converted to groups of the α,β-unsaturated monomer, with from about 0 1 to about 10 total parts by weight of at least one reactive compound per 100 parts by weight of the partially neutralized polymer, the reactive compound being a water soluble compound bearing one amine group and at least one hydroxyl group, and (b) heating to cure and render them absorbent by removing water and cross-linking through both ester and amide linkages.","label":"Household","id":1599} +{"sentence":"Process for manufacturing acrolein or acrylic acid from glycerinThe subject of the present invention is a process for preparing acrolein by dehydration of glycerin, characterized in that the dehydration is carried out in the presence of a catalyst comprising mainly a compound in which protons in a heteropolyacid are exchanged at least partially with at least one cation selected from elements belonging to Group 1 to Group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements. The process according to the invention permits to obtain acrolein at higher yield.1. Process for preparing acrolein by dehydration of glycerin, characterized in that said dehydration is carried out in the presence of a catalyst comprising at least one compound in which protons in a heteropolyacid are exchanged at least partially with at least one cation selected from elements belonging to Group 1 to Group 16 of the Periodic Table of Elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":1600} +{"sentence":"Graded catalyst system for removal of calcium and sodium from a hydrocarbon feedstockWe provide a graded catalyst system which is used for removing calcium and sodium from hydrocarbon feed having at least 1 ppm calcium and 1 ppm sodium. It comprises two catalyst zones characterized as having decreasing porosity, increasing activity, and increasing surface to volume ratio in the direction of feed flow through the system. We also disclose a process for using it and a method for selecting catalyst for use therein.1. A process for hydrodemetalating a hydrocarbon feedstock having at least 1 ppm oil-soluble calcium and 1 ppm oil-soluble sodium, using a graded catalyst system, said process comprises: passing said feedstock, in the presence of hydrogen, through said system at hydrodemetalating conditions, wherein said system comprises at least two successive catalyst zones characterized as follows: (a) said first zone comprising a fixed bed of catalyst particles having at least 10 volume percent of their pore volume above 1000 .ANG. in diameter, and a surface area ranging from about 50 m2\/g to about 200 m2\/g, less than 3.5 wt % of a Group VIII metal, and less than 8.0 wt % of a Group VIB metal for removal of metal components from said feedstock including said oil-soluble calcium; and (b) said second zone comprising a fixed bed of catalyst particles having less than 20 volume percent of their pore volume in the form of macropores about 1000 .ANG. in diameter, an average mesopore diameter ranging from about 80 .ANG. to about 400 .ANG. and a surface area ranging from about 80 m2\/g to about 300 m2\/g, at least 0.7 wt % of a Group VIII metal, and at least 3.0 wt % of a Group vIB metal for further removal of metal components from said feedstock including said oil-soluble sodium.","label":"Process","id":1601} +{"sentence":"Propylene ethylene polymers and production processEthylene propylene copolymers, substantially free of diene, are described. The copolymers will have a uniform distribution of both tacticity and comonomer between copolymer chains. Further, the copolymers will exhibit a statistically insignificant intramolecular difference of tacticity. The copolymers are made in the presence of a metallocene catalyst.1. A process comprising: a) polymerizing propylene and ethylene comonomers in a solution process at a reaction temperature at or above 60° C., with a polymerization catalyst complex comprising: i) an organometallic Group 4 transition metal compound; and ii) an activating cocatalyst, wherein said catalyst complex is capable of producing stereospecific polypropylene; and b) recovering a propylene copolymer containing units derived from propylene in an amount greater than or equal to 75 weight percent, and units derived from ethylene in an amount of from 5 to 25 weight percent, wherein the copolymer has a melting point of from greater than 35° C. to less than 110° C., and a weight average molecular weight of: Mw>6.10*P*e(3370\/T) wherein: Mw=the weight average molecular weight T=the polymerization reaction temperature in degrees Kelvin P=the steady state propylene concentration in the polymerization reaction zone in moles per liter.","label":"Construct","id":1602} +{"sentence":"Catalyst system for ethylene polymerizations[00001] A catalyst system for the polymerization of ethylene, comprising a particulate inorganic oxide supporting a chromium oxide being in a reduced oxidation state and a metallocene compound having the formula Cp2ZrR′R″, wherein each Cp, being equal or different, is an unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentadienyl compound, and R′ and R′, independent of each other, are selected from the group comprising alkyls having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, and phenoxy substituted with alkyls having 1 to 6 carbon atoms; or R′ or R″ may be a halide. The catalyst system is prepared by a method comprising the steps of calcining the support, joining onto the surface of the support a chronium-organic compound, subjecting the obtained catalyst precursor to oxidizing conditions to obtain the chromium in an oxidized state, reducing the oxidized chromium to obtain a main part thereof in a bivalent oxidation state, and contacting the reduced catalyst with the metallocene compound.1. A catalyst system for polymerisation of ethylene, said catalyst system comprising chromium oxide and a metallocene compound supported on a particulate, inorganic oxide support; wherein at least 50% of the chromium of said chromium oxide is in a bivalent oxidation state, and wherein said metallocene compound has the formula: Cp2ZrR′R″ wherein each Cp, being equal or different, is an unsubstituted or substituted cyclopentadienyl compound, and R′ and R″, independent of each other, are selected from the group consisting of alkyls having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, unsubstituted or substituted benzyl, and phenoxy substituted with alkyls having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R′ or R″ may be a halide, and wherein said catalyst system produced by a process wherein reduction of chromium is performed at a temperature within the range from 300° C. to 500° C.","label":"Catalyst","id":1603} +{"sentence":"Softener composition which contains tetrahydrofuran derivatives and 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid estersThe invention relates to a softener composition containing at least one tetrahydrofurane derivative and at least one 1,2-cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester, molding compounds which contain a thermoplastic polymer or an elastomer and said type of softener composition, and to the use of said softener compositions and molding compounds.1. A plasticizer composition comprising a) at least one compound of the general formula (I), in which X is *—(C═O)—O—, *—(CH2)n—O—, or *—(CH2)n—O—(C═O)—, where * represents the point of linkage to the tetrahydrofuran ring, and n has the value 0, 1, or 2; and R1and R2are selected mutually independently from C4-C5-alkyl and C5-C6-cycloalkyl, where the cycloalkyl moieties are unsubstituted or can be substituted by at least one C1-C10-alkyl moiety, and b) at least one compound of the general formula (II), in which R3 and R4 are selected mutually independently from branched and unbranched C7-C12-alkyl moieties.","label":"HouseConst","id":1604} +{"sentence":"Hydrophilic\/oleophilic microcellular foam and method for making sameA superabsorbent foam material is made by a water-in-oil high internal phase emulsion polymerization comprising the steps of (a) dissolving an organic solvent-soluble surfactant in a water-insoluble monomer to form an organic phase; (b) blending the-organic phase with an aqueous phase using high shear mixing to form an emulsion, said aqueous phase comprising a water-soluble polymer, a cross-linking agent, and water; (c) polymerizing the water-insoluble monomer in the organic phase; (d) cross-linking the water-soluble polymer in the aqueous phase; and (e) final curing and drying the resulting foam.1. A process for preparing a superabsorbent hydrophilic\/oleophilic microcellular foam by high internal phase emulsion polymerization comprising the steps of: (a) dissolving an organic solvent-soluble surfactant in a water-insoluble monomer to form an organic phase; (b) blending the organic phase with an aqueous phase using high shear mixing to form an emulsion, said aqueous phase comprising, a water-soluble polymer and water; (c) polymerizing the water-insoluble monomer in the organic phase; and (d) final curing and drying the resulting foam.","label":"Household","id":1605} +{"sentence":"Narrow MWD, compositionally optimized ethylene interpolymer composition, process for making the same and article made therefromThe present invention pertains to an ethylene interpolymer composition characterized as having a narrow molecular weight distribution (MWD) and optimized compositional uniformity, a process for making such a composition and a fabricated article made from such composition. The novel composition is characterized as having at least two polymer components, the first component having an ATREF peak temperature, T peak1 and a viscosity average molecular weight, M v1 , and the second component having an ATREF peak temperature, T peak2 , and a viscosity average molecular, M v2 , wherein the temperature differential between T peak2 and T peak1 decreases with iincreased composition density and M v1 \/M v2 is less than or equal to 1.2. The novel composition exhibits high, balanced toughness properties, good processibility and surprisingly improved optical properties and is particularly well-suited for use in applications such as lamination films trash can liners and heavy duty shipping bags, especially as a blown film.1. A process for making an ethylene polymer composition comprising continuously operating at least two polymerization reactors wherein the ethylene polymer is comprised of ethylene interpolymerized with at least one unsaturated comonomer and characterized as having: a) a M w \/M n of less than or equal to 3.3, as determined by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), b) an I 10 \/I 2 in the range of from greater than 6.6 to about 8.2, as determined in accordance ASTM D-1238, Condition 190° C.\/2.16 kg and Condition 190° C.\/10 kg, c) a composition density less than 0.945 gram\/cubic centimeter, as determined according to ASTM-792, d) at least two polymer components, the first component having a first viscosity average molecular weight, M v1 , and the second component having a second viscosity average molecular, M v2 , wherein M v1 \/M v2 is less than or equal to 1, as determined using ATREF-DV, and e) a first ATREF peak temperature, T peak1 and a second ATREF peak temperature, T peak2 , corresponding to the at least two components and as determined using analytical temperature rising elution fraction (ATREF), wherein the temperature differential between T peak2 and T peak1 , ΔT, decreases with increased composition density such that ΔT is less than 23° C. at composition densities of greater than or equal to 0.926 g\/cm 3 and is greater than 13° C. at composition densities less than or equal to 0.92 g\/cm 3 , and in the range of from about 10 to about 22° C. at composition densities from about 0.92 to about 0.926 g\/cm 3 , wherein the first component polymer is a substantially linear ethylene interpolymer characterized as having: i. melt flow ratio, I 10 \/I 2 ≥5.63, and ii. a gas extrusion rheology such that the critical shear rate at onset of surface melt fracture for the substantially linear ethylene polymer is at least 50 percent greater than the critical shear rate at the onset of surface melt fracture for a linear ethylene polymer, wherein the substantially linear ethylene polymer and the linear ethylene polymer comprise the same comonomer or comonomers, the linear ethylene polymer has an I 2 and M w \/M n within ten percent of the substantially linear ethylene polymer and wherein the respective critical shear rates of the substantially linear ethylene polymer and the linear ethylene polymer are measured at the same melt temperature using a gas extrusion rheometer.","label":"Construct","id":1606} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition, preparation method and vulcanized rubber thereofA rubber composition, preparation method and vulcanized rubber thereof are provided. The rubber composition comprises uncrosslinked rubber and rubber particles having crosslinked structure dispersed therein, wherein the rubber particles having crosslinked structure are synthetic rubber particles and\/or natural rubber particles with an average particle size of 20 to 500 nm and a gel content of 60% by weight or higher, and the uncrosslinked rubber is styrene-butadiene rubber, and wherein the weight ratio of the rubber particles having crosslinked structure to the uncrosslinked rubber is 1:99-20:80.1. A rubber composition, consisting of uncrosslinked rubber and rubber particles having radiation crosslinked structures, wherein the rubber particles having radiation crosslinked structures comprise synthetic and\/or natural rubber particles with a gel content of at least 60 wt %, and wherein the uncrosslinked rubber comprises styrene-butadiene rubber, and further wherein the weight ratio of the rubber particles having radiation crosslinked structures to the uncrosslinked rubber ranges from 1:99 to 20:80, and wherein the rubber composition comprises a continuous phase comprising the uncrosslinked styrene-butadiene rubber, and a dispersed phase comprising the rubber particles having radiation crosslinked structures, which are dispersed in the continuous phase with fine particle sizes ranging from 20 nm to 500 nm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1607} +{"sentence":"C7—C12 secondary alcohol esters of cyclohexanoic acidC7-C12 secondary alcohol esters of cyclohexanecarboxylic acids are especially useful as plasticizers for PVC and other plasticizable polymers. In embodiments, these plasticizers are useful in plastisol formulations to help improved processability of flexible PVC material. In other embodiments these same plasticizers can be used in blends with other plasticizers to improve processability. In preferred embodiments these same plasticizers can be used to prepare flexible PVC compounds with enhanced low temperature flexibility, low toxicity, and improved resistance to outdoor aging.1. A composition comprising at least one C7-C12 secondary alcohol ester of a 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, said 1,2-cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid ester prepared by hydrogenation after esterification, polyvinyl chloride, and a plasticizer selected from the group consisting of di-isononyl cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, di-2-propylheptyl cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, di-2-ethylhexyl cyclohexanedicarboxylic acid, di-2-ethylhexyl terephthalate, dibutyl terephthalate, dibenzoate esters of dipropylene glycol or diethylene glycol, tri-2-ethylhexyl trimellitate, tri-isononyl trimellitate, tri-sec-octyl trimellitate, tri-sec-nonyl trimellitate, and mixtures thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":1608} +{"sentence":"Catalytic gas-phase oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acidA process for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid in a multiple contact tube fixed-bed reactor through whose space surrounding the contact tubes only one heat-exchange medium circuit is passed, at elevated temperature on catalytically active multimetal oxides with an acrolein conversion for a single pass of ≥95 mol % and an acrylic acid formation selectivity of ≥90 mol %, which comprises firstly passing the heat-exchange medium through the multiple contact tube fixed-bed reactor longitudinally, considered over the reaction container as a whole, to the contact tubes in cocurrent to the reaction-gas mixture and secondly superposing a transverse flow within the reaction container by means of an arrangement of successive baffles along the contact tubes which leaves passage cross sections free, so as to give a meandrous flow of the heat-exchange medium, seen in longitudinal section through the contact tube bundle, and setting the flow rate of the circulated heat-exchange medium so that its temperature rises by from 2° to 10° C. between the point of entry into the reactor and the point of exit out of the reactor.1. A process for the catalytic gas-phase oxidation of acrolein to acrylic acid in a multiple contact tube fixed-bed reactor through whose space surrounding the contact tubes only one heat-exchange medium circuit is passed, at elevated temperature on catalytically active multimetal oxides with an acrolein conversion for a single pass of ≥95 mol % and an acrylic acid formation selectivity of ≥90 mol %, which comprises firstly passing the heat-exchange medium through the multiple contact tube fixed-bed reactor longitudinally, considered over the reaction container as a whole, to the contact tubes in cocurrent to the reaction-gas mixture and secondly super-posing a transverse flow within the reaction container by means of an arrangement of successive baffles along the contact tubes which leaves passage cross sections free, so as to give a meandrous flow of the heat-exchange medium, seen in longitudinal section through the contact tube bundle, and setting the flow rate of the circulated heat-exchange medium so that its temperature rises by from 2° to 10° C. between the point of entry into the reactor and the point of exit out of the reactor.","label":"Process","id":1609} +{"sentence":"Soft Particulate Superabsorbent and Use ThereofParticulate superabsorbents based on at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising at least one acid group, in which at least 5 mol % of the acid groups have been neutralized with at least one tertiary alkanolamine, are particularly suitable superabsorbent components of thermoplastic mixtures which are shaped by known shaping processes for thermoplastics to give shaped bodies comprising superabsorbents.1 . A particulate superabsorbent based on at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer comprising at least one acid group, wherein at least 5 mol % of the acid groups are neutralized with at least one tertiary alkanolamine.","label":"Household","id":1610} +{"sentence":"Absorbent article including hydrophobized adsorbentAn objective of the present invention is to provide an absorbent article that prevents wetting of the outer sides or surrounding area of the absorbent article due to condensation formed by water vapor escaped from inside the absorbent article. The present invention provides an absorbent article comprising: an absorbent body composed of at least one absorption layer, wherein the absorbent body includes a hydrophobized adsorbent and (a) a water absorbent resin powder having an absorption speed in a range from 6 seconds to 60 seconds determined by a vortex method.1. An absorbent article comprising: an absorbent body composed of at least one absorption layer, wherein the absorbent body includes a hydrophobized adsorbent and a water absorbent resin powder having (a) an absorption speed in a range from 6 seconds to 60 seconds determined by a vortex method, and wherein the hydrophobized adsorbent is provided on a skin surface side of the absorbent body, relative to the water absorbent resin powder having (a) the absorption speed in the range of from 6 seconds to 60 seconds determined by the vortex method, wherein the hydrophobized adsorbent is hydrophobized silica having an volume average particle diameter of 2 to 16 nm.","label":"Household","id":1611} +{"sentence":"Bi-and trifunctional organolithium initiatorsNew organo-lithium initiators, their synthesis, and their use. The initiators have the formula: IN WHICH R\" is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl radial; either n is 1, in which case R' = H and m and p are integers, the sum of which is between 0 and 10 inclusive, or n is 2, R' then being an alkyl radical of 2 to 8 carbon atoms and m = p = 0; and R is an alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms. The initiators are prepared by reacting compounds of the formula: WITH AN ALKYL-LITHIUM RLi in a non-polar solvent in the absence of any polar solvent or complexing agent. The initiators are used to prepare polydienes of high stereoregularity by reacting with a diene, and the polydiene is used to prepare a three-block or star copolymer by reacting with an anionically polymerizable monomer.1. Products of the formula: in which R" is either a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical and either n is 1, in which case R's = H and m and p are integers, the sum of which is between 0 and 10 inclusive, or n is 2, R's then being an alkyl radical of 2 to 8 carbon atoms and m = p = 0, and in which R is an alkyl radical of 1 to 4 carbon atoms, their absorption maximum in ultraviolet light being characterised by: (i) a wavelength of 335 nm and a molar extinction coefficient of 2.2 × 104mols-1-liter -cm.-1when n = 1 and (ii) a wavelength of 340 nm and a molar extinction coefficient of 3.6 × 104mols-1-liter -cm.-1when n = 2.","label":"Automobile","id":1612} +{"sentence":"Polyeste blends with improved stress whitening for film and sheet applicationsDisclosed are polyester blends that provide improved stress whitening behavior. The blends may be prepared from a polyester having crystallization half-time of at least 5 minutes and a polyester elastomer. The polyesters blends may be extruded or, in the presence of a release additive, calendered to produce film or sheet. Also disclosed are processes for making a film or sheet by extrusion or calendering the above blends and the film or sheet produced therefrom. The polyester blend and the film or sheet produced therefrom also may include plasticizers and\/or flame retardants to increase their flexibility and enable their use in commercial applications requiring flame resistance. The film and sheet have excellent appearance and can be used in a wide range of decorative and packaging applications.1. A polyester blend comprising: (a) a polyester, wherein said polyester is a random copolymer having a crystallization half-time from a molten state of at least 5 minutes; and (b) one or more polyester elastomers comprising: (i) diacid residues comprising the residues of one or more substituted or unsubstituted cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids containing 5 to 20 carbon atoms; and (ii) diol residues comprising the residues of one or more substituted or unsubstituted, linear or branched, diols selected from the group consisting of aliphatic diols containing 2 to 20 carbon atoms, poly(oxyalkylene)-glycols and copoly(oxyalkylene)glycols of molecular weight of about 400 to about 12000, cycloaliphatic diols containing 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and aromatic diols containing 6 to 20 carbon atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":1613} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with heterocyclic iminesA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer to form a reactive polymer, and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with an imine compound containing a heterocyclic group and a hydrocarbyloxy-substituted or silyloxy-substituted aryl group.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer to form a reactive polymer, and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with an imine compound containing a heterocyclic group and a hydrocarbyloxy-substituted or silyloxy-substituted aryl group; where the imine compound containing a heterocyclic group and a hydrocarbyloxy-substituted or silyloxy-substituted aryl group is defined by the formula I: where Θ is a heterocyclic group, R1is a bond or a divalent organic group, R2is a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, R3is a bond or divalent organic group, each R4is independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a monovalent organic group, a hydrocarbyloxy group, or a silyloxy group, or where two or more R4groups join to form a divalent, trivalent or tetravalent organic group, with the proviso that at least one R4is a hydrocarbyloxy or silyloxy group.","label":"Automobile","id":1614} +{"sentence":"Weatherable resinous composition with improved heat resistanceDisclosed are compositions comprising: (i) a rubber modified thermoplastic resin comprising a discontinuous elastomeric phase dispersed in a rigid thermoplastic phase, wherein at least a portion of the rigid thermoplastic phase is grafted to the elastomeric phase, and wherein the elastomeric phase comprises a polymer having structural units derived from at least one (C1-C12)alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer; (ii) a second polymer consisting essentially of structural units derived from at least one (C1-C12)alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer; and optionally (iii) a third polymer comprising structural units derived from at least one alkenyl aromatic monomer and at least one monoethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer prepared in a separate polymerization step and added to the composition. In other embodiments the present invention comprises articles made from said compositions.1 . A composition comprising: (i) a rubber modified thermoplastic resin comprising a discontinuous elastomeric phase dispersed in a rigid thermoplastic phase, wherein at least a portion of the rigid thermoplastic phase is grafted to the elastomeric phase, and wherein the elastomeric phase comprises a polymer having structural units derived from at least one (C1-C12)alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer; (ii) a second polymer consisting essentially of structural units derived from at least one (C1-C12)alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer; and optionally (iii) a third polymer comprising structural units derived from at least one alkenyl aromatic monomer and at least one monoethylenically unsaturated nitrile monomer prepared in a separate polymerization step and added to the composition.","label":"Automobile","id":1615} +{"sentence":"Hydrophobic-treated metal oxideThis invention provides metal oxide particles surface-treated with a hydrophobicity-imparting agent, methods of making such, and toner compositions comprising the same.1. A particle composition comprising metal oxide particles surface-treated in a basic aqueous dispersion with a first hydrophobicity-imparting agent, which surface-treated metal oxide particles are hydrophobic, non-aggregated, and contain substantially no free alkali metal cations, wherein the first hydrophobicity-imparting agent is an alkoxysilane compound selected from the group consisting of monoalkoxysilane compounds, dialkoxysilane compounds, and trialkoxysilane compounds, wherein the surface-treated metal oxide particles are in the form of a dry powder, and wherein the surface treated metal oxide particles have a BET surface area of about 200 m2\/g or less and a tap density of about 75 g\/L to about 650 g\/L.","label":"IndustConst","id":1616} +{"sentence":"Method for producing methacrylic alkyl esters by way of azeotropic distillationThe present invention relates in general terms to a process for preparing alkyl methacrylates, comprising as steps: providing an acetone cyanohydrin by a process according to one of the preceding claims; contacting the acetone cyanohydrin with an inorganic acid to obtain a methacrylamide; contacting the methacrylamide with an alcohol in the presence of an inorganic acid in a reactor to obtain an alkyl methacrylate; continuously discharging at least a portion of the alkyl methacrylate from the reactor into a distillation column as a vapor stream; the discharge being effected by feeding a discharge stream comprising steam into the reactor, to an apparatus for preparing alkyl methacrylates, to a process for preparing polymers based at least partly on alkyl methacrylates, to the use of the alkyl methacrylates obtainable by the process according to the invention in chemical products, and to chemical products based on alkyl methacrylates obtainable by the process according to the invention.1. A process for preparing an alkyl methacrylate, comprising: esterifying a methacrylamide with an alcohol in the presence of an inorganic acid in a reactor comprising a battery of three or more tanks in series to obtain an alkyl methacrylate; continuously passing steam into each of the three or more tanks; continuously discharging at least a portion of the alkyl methacrylate from the reactor into a distillation column as a vapor stream comprising an azeotrope of at least the alkyl methacrylate and water; and separating the azeotrope from higher boiling components of the vapor stream in the distillation column; wherein in the battery of reaction tanks, the first tank in the series does not have a direct vapor connection to the distillation column, gaseous products of the first tank in the series are fed directly to the second tank, overflow of each tank is successively passed to the next tank, each tank is steam heated, a temperature of the first and second tank is 100 to about 180° C. and a temperature of the third tank and an optional fourth tank is about 120 to 140° C.","label":"Process","id":1617} +{"sentence":"Composite thermal insulation sheet including aerogelProvided is a composite thermal insulation sheet including an aerogel and a method for manufacturing the same. The methods yield an ultra-thin aerogel composite sheet having characteristics of low dust, high strength and high thermal insulation, thereby having an increased applicability thereof to an electronic device.1. A composite thermal insulation sheet comprising: an aerogel sheet; a coating layer impermeable to a sol formed on one surface of the aerogel sheet; and one or more functional layers formed on the other surface of the aerogel sheet, wherein a thickness of the coating layer is from 30 μm or less, and wherein a thickness of the composite thermal insulation sheet is 3 mm or less.","label":"IndustConst","id":1618} +{"sentence":"Pesticidal fluoroolefinsA pesticidal compound, suitable for combating soil borne insect pests has formula I: in which formula: ArArepresents a phenyl or naphthyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, methylenedioxy, C1-C6alkyl and C1-C6haloalkyl; and ArBrepresents a phenoxy, phenyl, benzyl or benzoyl-substituted phenyl group which is optionally further substituted; the configuration of the aryl cyclopropyl group and the group CH2ArBabout the double bond being mutually trans.1. A soil pesticide compound of formula I: in which formula: ArArepresents a phenyl or naphthyl group optionally substituted by one or more groups selected from halogen, alkoxy, haloalkoxy, methylenedioxy, C1-C6alkyl and C1-C6haloalkyl; and ArBrepresents a phenyl group substituted by a phenoxy, phenyl, benzyl or benzoyl group and is optionally further substituted; the configuration of the aryl cyclopropyl group and the group CH2ArBabout the double bond being mutually trans.","label":"Catalyst","id":1619} +{"sentence":"Composite oxide catalyst and method of producing the sameA composite oxide catalyst for the oxidation of an olefin containing Mo and Bi as essential components, characterized in that it has a specific surface area of 5 to 25 m2\/g and a pore volume of 0.2 to 0.7 cc\/g, and has a pore diameter distribution wherein the volume of the pores having a pore diameter of 0.03 to 0.1 μm accounts for 30% or more of the total pore volume, the volume of the pores having a pore diameter of 0.1 to 1 μm accounts for 20% or more of the total pore volume, and the volume of the pores having a pore diameter of less than 0.03 μm is 10% or less of the total pore volume; a composite oxide catalyst for use in the vapor phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein or methacrolein or the like which comprises Mo, Bi and a halogen; either of the above two composite oxide catalysts which comprises Mo, Bi, Fe, Si and an element selected from alkali metals and thallium, and optionally Co, Ni, Mg, Ca, Zn, Ce, Sm, a halogen, B, P, As and W; a method for preparing any of the above composite catalysts; and a method for using any of the above composite oxide catalysts.1 . A composite oxide catalyst used for oxidation of olefin and containing molybdenum and bismuth, characterized in that its specific surface area is in the range of 5-25 m2\/g, and its pore volume is in the range of 0.2-0.7 cc\/g, and that the pore diameter distribution is such that the volume of pores whose diameters are 0.03-0.1 μm is 30% or over of the total pore volume, the volume of pores whose diameters are 0.1-1 μm is 20% or over of the total pore volume, and the volume of pores whose diameters are less than 0.03 μm is 10% or less.","label":"Catalyst","id":1620} +{"sentence":"Low density polyolefin resins with low molecular weight and high molecular weight components, and films made therefromDisclosed herein are ethylene-based polymers produced using dual metallocene catalyst systems. These polymers have low densities, high molecular weights, and broad molecular weight distributions, as well as having the majority of the long chain branches in the lower molecular weight component of the polymer, and the majority of the short chain branches in the higher molecular weight component of the polymer. Films produced from these polymers have improved impact and puncture resistance.1. A blown film comprising an ethylene polymer having a melt index less than or equal to about 0.4 g\/10 min and a density in a range from about 0.913 to about 0.93 g\/cm3, wherein the ethylene polymer comprises a higher molecular weight component and a lower molecular weight component, and wherein: a number of Long Chain Branches (LCB) of the lower molecular weight component is in a range from about 5 to about 50 LCB per million total carbon atoms; a number of Long Chain Branches (LCB) of the higher molecular weight component is less than or equal to about 5 LCB per million total carbon atoms; and the film has a dart impact strength greater than or equal to about 300 g\/mil.","label":"HouseConst","id":1621} +{"sentence":"5-Diazacycloalkyl imidazo[1,2-c][1,3]benzodiazepines5-Diazacycloalkylimidazo[1,2-c][1,3]benzodiazepines, for example compounds of the formula in which e.g., R1,R2and R4are hydrogen, R3is methyl and CnH2nis CH2CH2,have neuroleptic and\/or antihistaminic activity. The synthesis, pharmaceutical compositions and methods of treatment utilizing such compounds are described.1. A compound of the formula wherein each of R1and R2are hydrogen, lower alkyl, cyano, carboxy, lower alkoxycarbonyl or carbamoyl; n represents the integer 2; R3is hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxycarbonyl or hydroxy lower alkyl of 2 to 4 carbon atoms; R4represents hydrogen, lower alkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkylthio, halogen or trifluoromethyl; R5represents hydrogen; and R6and R7represent hydrogen or lower alkyl; an N-oxide; or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.","label":"Automobile","id":1622} +{"sentence":"Production method for water-absorbing resin compositionA water-absorbing resin composition including 100 parts by weight of water-absorbing resin particles and 0.01 to 1 part by weight of additive particles, wherein a percent by weight of the additive particles, (x [%]), based on 100% by weight of the water-absorbing resin particles in the composition, and weight ratio of free additive particles, (y), relative to the percent by weight, (x [%]), satisfy the following formula: 0.04(x)0.1≤y≤0.2(x)0.5.1. A water-absorbing resin composition comprising 100 parts by weight of water-absorbing resin particles and 0.01 to 1 part by weight of additive particles, wherein a percent by weight of the additive particles, (x [%]), based on 100% by weight of the water-absorbing resin particles in the composition, and weight ratio of free additive particles, (y), relative to the percent by weight, (x [%]), satisfy the following formula: 0.04(x)0.1≤y≤0.2(x)0.5 wherein the additive particles are cohesive fine particles whose rate of content of over cohesive particles, having a particle diameter of equal to or larger than 1.0 mm, is equal to or smaller than 20% by weight, wherein the water-absorbing resin composition has a caking index (1 hour) in the range of 0 to 13%, wherein the water-absorbing resin composition has a caking index (5 hour) in the range of 0 to 30%.","label":"Household","id":1623} +{"sentence":"Tetramerization of olefinsThe invention describes a process for tetramerisation of olefins wherein the product stream of the process contains more than 30% of the tetramer olefin. The process includes the step of contacting an olefinic feedstream with a catalyst system containing a transition metal compound and a heteroatomic ligand.1. A process for tetramerisation of olefins comprising contacting an olefinic feedstream with a catalyst system which includes the combination of a transition metal compound; a heteroatomic ligand described by the following general formula (R)nA-B-C(R)m wherein A and C are independently an atom selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, oxygen, bismuth, sulphur, selenium and nitrogen or said atom oxidized by S, Se, N or 0, where the valance of A and\/or C allows for such oxidation; B is a linking group between A and C; the R groups are the same or different, and each R is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbyl group, a hetero hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and a substituted hetero hydrocarbyl group; n and m for each R is independently determined by the respective valence and oxidation state of A and C; and provided that when the heteroatomic ligand is described by the following general formula (R1)(R2)A-B-C(R3)(R4) wherein A and C are independently selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and nitrogen; B is a linking group between A and C; and each of R1, R2, R3and R4is independently selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbyl group, a hetero hydrocarbyl group, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and a substituted hetero hydrocarbyl group, any substituents that may be part of one or more of R1, R2, R3and R4are non electron donating and where R1, R2, R3and R4are independently aromatic, including hetero aromatic groups, not all the groups R1, R2, R3and R4have a substituent on the atom adjacent to the atom bound to A or C; and an activator selected from the group consisting of organoaluminium compounds, organoboron compounds, organic salts, inorganic acids and salts, wherein the organoaluminium compounds are selected from the group of compounds of the formula AIR3, where each R is independently a C1-C12 alkyl or a halide, aluminoxanes and modified aluminoxanes.","label":"Catalyst","id":1624} +{"sentence":"Polymers with improved processability for pipe applicationsA crosslinked metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene copolymer having a higher molecular weight (HMW) component and lower molecular weight (LMW) component wherein the HMW component is present in an amount of from about 10 wt. % to about 30 wt. % and wherein the LMW component is present in an amount of from about 70 wt. % to about 90 wt. %.1. A crosslinked metallocene-catalyzed polyethylene copolymer having a higher molecular weight (HMW) component and lower molecular weight (LMW) component; wherein the HMW component is present in an amount of from 10 wt. % to 30 wt. %; wherein the LMW component is present in an amount of from 70 wt. % to 90 wt. %; wherein the copolymer has gels present in an amount of less than 300\/sq. ft., wherein the gels have a size greater than 200 microns; wherein the copolymer has a high load melt index of from 6 g\/10 min to 25 g\/10 min, when tested in accordance with ASTM D1238 under a force of 21.6 kg; wherein the copolymer has a melt index of from 0.2 g\/10 min to 0.8 g\/10 min, when tested in accordance with ASTM D1238 under a force of 2.16 kg; and wherein the copolymer has a density of from 0.925 g\/cc to 0.945 g\/cc, when tested in accordance with ASTM D1505.","label":"HouseConst","id":1625} +{"sentence":"Production and purification of phenol: hydroxyacetone removal by hydrotalciteA process for converting carbonyl-type impurities contained in a phenolic solvent to high-boiling derivatives is provided by contacting the phenolic solvent with a hydrotalcite-type material (HTM). The phenol can be separated from the high-boiling derivatives using conventional separation techniques, such as distillation, so the invention also provides a process for separating carbonyl-type impurities, such as hydroxyacetone (HA), from a phenolic solvent. The process can be applied in the conventional industrial process for converting cumene to phenol to remove carbonyl-type impurities from the phenol product. A process and a facility for producing purified phenol by converting cumene to phenol are provided. In the conversion of cumene to phenol, the phenol often contains carbonyl-type impurities. The phenol and carbonyl-type impurities are reacted in the presence of an HTM to produce phenol and high-boiling derivatives. The phenol may be further purified using conventional separation techniques, such as distillation, to remove the high-boiling derivatives.1. A process for converting carbonyl-type impurities present in a phenolic solvent to high-boiling derivatives, which process comprises contacting the phenolic solvent with a catalyst at a catalytically-effective temperature, said catalyst comprising a layered double hydroxide composition of the formula: [Equation] [MII1-xMIIIx(OH)2](An-)x\/n or a hydrate thereof, wherein MIIis a divalent metal cation, MIIIis a trivalent metal cation, A is an interlayer anion of charge n-, and x is from 0.12 to 0.8, thereby producing a phenol-containing stream with high-boiling derivatives and a reduced amount of carbonyl-type impurities.","label":"Process","id":1626} +{"sentence":"Thin absorbent articleA thin absorbent article, such as a sanitary napkin, is disclosed which is designed to reduce leakage of body fluid during use. The absorbent article includes a liquid-permeable cover, a liquid-impermeable baffle and an absorbent positioned between the cover and the baffle. The absorbent article has a crush recovery value of at least about 15 mm, a wet load value of at least about 300 grams, a stress value of less than about 100 grams\/mm, and a thickness of less than about 5 millimeters. An apparatus for measuring the crush recovery an absorbent article is also disclosed.1. An absorbent article comprising: a) a liquid-permeable cover; b) a liquid-impermeable baffle; and c) an absorbent positioned between said cover and said baffle, and said article having a crush recovery value of at least about 15 mm, a wet load value of at least about 300 grams, a stress value of less than about 100 grams\/mm, and a thickness of less than about 5 millimeters; wherein the crush recovery value and wet load value are measured by (1) providing a Sintech.RTM. 1\/S testing apparatus or an Instron.RTM. testing apparatus having opposed, coaxially aligned arms, one of which arms is movable relative to the other arm at a predetermined speed, said testing apparatus further having first and second rectangular frame members which are interleaved to operate in unison; the first frame member having a first plate and a second plate, each of the first and second plates having an inner surface and an outer surface, and the inner surface of the second plate having a shoulder; the testing apparatus further having at least two support members, said support members being located at the corners of the first and second rectangular frame members and joining the plates on the first frame member; the shoulder on the second plate being provided with a first set of flexible wands oriented parallel to and spaced apart from one another; the second frame member having a third plate and a fourth plate, each of the third and fourth plates having an inner surface and an outer surface, and the inner surface of the fourth plate having a shoulder; the testing apparatus further having at least two additional support members, said additional support members being located at the corners of the third and fourth rectangular frame members and joining the plates on the third frame member; the shoulder on the second plate being provided with a second set of flexible wands oriented parallel to and spaced apart from one another; the first and second sets of wands being arranged to intermesh with but not contact one another; (2) securing the testing apparatus in a vertical orientation; (3) adjusting the first and second frame members a predetermined distance apart; (4) removing any wings, flaps, panels, tabs or appendages from the absorbent article to be tested; (5) wetting the absorbent article with 25 cubic centimeters of 0.9 percent saline solution; (6) centering the wetted absorbent article in the apparatus; (7) zeroing the load cell of the testing apparatus; (8) actuating the tester to separate the arms at a predetermined rate, whereby to crush the wetted absorbent article; (9) measuring the distance to which the absorbent article was crushed; (10) measuring and recording the maximum force applied to the wetted absorbent article as it is crushed, as the wet load value of the absorbent article; (11) retracting the arms of the tester to their original preset position; (12) measuring the recovered width of the absorbent article after approximately 30 seconds; (13) recording the crush recovery value as the recovered width minus the distance to which the absorbent article was crushed; and wherein the stress value is determined by running a test identical to that outline above, except that the absorbent article is not wetted with saline, to determine the dry load value of the absorbent article and recording the stress value as the dry load value of the article divided by the thickness of the article.","label":"Household","id":1627} +{"sentence":"Method for stopping ammoxidation reactionAn object of the present invention is to provide a method for, when stopping an ammoxidation reaction of propane, stopping the ammoxidation reaction safely and quickly, without causing a deterioration in catalytic activity or acrylonitrile yield. The method for stopping an ammoxidation reaction includes a supply stopping step of stopping a supply of propane, an oxygen-containing gas, and ammonia to a reactor where an ammoxidation reaction of propane is being carried out using a catalyst, and a reaction stopping step of supplying an inert gas to the reactor in an amount 10 to 300 times the catalyst volume per hour until the catalyst temperature reaches 380° C. or less, wherein after the supply stopping step, a time required until the catalyst temperature decreases to 360° C. or less is within 10 hours.1. A method for stopping an ammoxidation reaction comprising: a supply stopping step of stopping a supply of propane, an oxygen-containing gas, and ammonia to a reactor where an ammoxidation reaction of propane is being carried out using a catalyst comprising Mo, V, Nb, and Sb; and a reaction stopping step of supplying an inert gas to the reactor in an amount 10 to 300 times the catalyst volume per hour until a catalyst temperature reaches 380° C. or less, wherein after the supply stopping step, a time required until the catalyst temperature decreases to 360° C. or less is within 10 hours.","label":"Process","id":1628} +{"sentence":"Analogs of camptothecinThe present invention provides novel conjugates of camptothecin and camptothecin analogs with a linker and an HSA-binding moiety. The novel conjugates are prodrug forms of the camptothecin or camptothecin analogs and can be used to treat mammalian cell proliferative diseases, such as cancer.1. A compound of the following formula or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: wherein R1 is OH or linker-HSA binding moiety; R2-6 are each, independently, H, halo, OH, NO2 NH2, lower alkyl, O-lower alkyl, NH-lower alkyl, N(lower alkyl)2, lower alkyl-N(lower alkyl)2, lower alkyl-Si(lower alkyl)3, or linker-HSA binding moiety; wherein R4 and R5 optionally, together form —OCH2CH2O—, R2 and R3 optionally, together form and if R1 is OH, then at least one of R2-6 must be linker-HSA binding moiety; linker-HSA binding moiety is: wherein A is R7 is O, NH or a covalent bond; R9 is an unbranched or branched alkyl, alkylene or alkyne of 2 to 30 carbon atoms optionally including one or more ring structures of 3 to 6 atoms when R9 has at least 7 carbon atoms, and including heteroatoms of oxygen in an integer number from 0 to one fifth the total number of carbon atoms in R9, with the proviso that there be no covalent bonds between oxygen atoms in R9; R10 is, independently in each instance, H or lower alkyl; R13 is, independently in each instance, H, OH, NO2, NH2, NH3+, SH or a branched or unbranched alkyl, alkylene or alkyne of 1 to 8 carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkylene or alkyne is optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, OH, NO2, NH2, NH3+, SH and ═O, and  optionally includes up to two heteroatoms independently selected from O, S and N, with the proviso that no O, S or N atom in the alkyl, alkylene or alkyne is covalently bonded to any other 0, S or N atom; R14 is, independently in each instance, H, OH, NO2, NH2, NH3+, SH or a branched or unbranched alkyl, alkylene or alkyne of 1 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl, alkylene or alkyne optionally includes one or more ring structures of 3 to 9 atoms, is optionally substituted with one or two substituents selected from the group consisting of halo, OH, NO2, NH2, NH3+, SH and ═O, and  optionally includes up to two heteroatoms independently selected from O, S and N, with the proviso that no O, S or N atom in the alkyl, alkylene or alkyne is covalently bonded to any other O, S or N atom; k is 0, 1 or 2; m, independently in each instance, is 0, 1, 2 or 3; n is 1, 2 or 3; v is 0 or 1; w is 0 or 1; x is 0 or 1, with the proviso that x is 0 when a di-sulfide bond is present in A; y is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and z is 0 or 1 wherein the compound comprises no more than two linker-HSA binding moieties.","label":"Automobile","id":1629} +{"sentence":"Overbased PVC stabilizerPVC stabilizers containing an overbased mixture of salts, such as magnesium and zinc salts, of unsubstituted and\/or alkyl-substituted benzoic acid and optionally one or more fatty aliphatic acids, which contain a carbonate and\/or silicate stabilizer, and which preferably also contain one or more polyols containing 2 to 10 hydroxyl groups, exhibit significant and unexpected reduction in the tendency to volatilize and form \"fog\" upon exposure of the formulation to moderately elevated temperatures, without loss of other desirable stabilization properties.1. A composition of matter useful as a thermal stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride resin and which exhibits a reduced tendency to volatilize when heated, comprising: (a) a mixture of salts of two or more aromatic acids and of one or more alkanoic or alkenoic aliphatic acids containing at least 18 carbon atoms with magnesium and zinc which is overbased with one or more of said metals, wherein said mixture of aromatic acids and aliphatic acids in such that the molar ratio of aromatic acids to aliphatic acids is from about 0.5:1 to about 2:1; in mixture with (b) a carbonate or silicate thermal stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride which is present in an effective amount of up to about 63% by weight of the sum of (a+b); and (c) optionally, at least one inorganic perchlorate salt, polyol containing 2 to 10 carbon atoms, beta-diketone or mixtures thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":1630} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene blend compositions and filmA polymer blend comprising first and second polyethylene copolymers is presented which has good processability, and which when made into film shows good toughness-stiffness balance, reasonable MD tear, as well as good optical properties.1. A polymer blend comprising: a) from about 5 to about 95 wt % of a first polyethylene copolymer having a density of from 0.916 to 0.936 g\/cm3, a melt index (I2) of from about 0.1 to about 2.0 g\/10 min, a melt flow ratio (I21\/I2) of from about 32 to about 50, a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of from about 3.6 to about 6.5, a reverse comonomer distribution profile as determined by GPC-FTIR, a multimodal TREF profile, a composition distribution breadth index CDBI50 of from 50 wt % to 75 wt % as determined by TREF and which further satisfies the relationship: (Mw\/Mn)≧72 [(I21\/I2)−1+10−6(Mn)]; and b) from about 95 to about 5 wt % of a second polyethylene copolymer which is a linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) different from the first polyethylene copolymer and having a density of from 0.912 to 0.940 g\/cm3, a melt index (I2) of from about 0.2 to about 5.0 g\/10 min, and a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) of from about 1.5 to about 6.0.","label":"HouseConst","id":1631} +{"sentence":"Preparation of multimodal polyethyleneDisclosed is a polyethylene composition. The composition comprises single-site multimodal resin A and single-site multimodal resin B, wherein resin A differs from resin B in molecular weight, in monomeric composition, in density, in long chain branch concentration or distribution, or in combinations thereof. Disclosed is also a method for making the polyethylene composition. The method comprises polymerizing, in the presence of two or more single-site catalysts, ethylene or its mixture with a C3-C10 α-olefin to form a first multimodal resin and continuing the polymerization in the presence of the same catalysts but in a different hydrogen concentration, in a different monomer composition, or at a different temperature to form a second multimodal resin.1. A polyethylene composition comprising single-site multimodal resin A and single-site multimodal resin B, wherein resin A differs from resin B in molecular weight, monomeric composition, density, long chain branch concentration, or long chain branch distribution, and wherein resin A is a high density polyethylene or a medium density polyethylene and resin B is a linear low density polyethylene or ultra-low density polyethylene.","label":"Catalyst","id":1632} +{"sentence":"Process for superabsorbent polymer and crosslinker compositionThe present invention further relates to a process to make a superabsorbent polymer comprising the steps of a) preparing a neutralized monomer solution comprising a polymerizable monomer selected from unsaturated acid groups-containing monomers, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, salts, or derivatives thereof and a caustic agent selection from an alkali agent, wherein the polymerizable monomer is neutralized to from about 50 mol % to about 85 mol %; b) forming a crosslinker monomer mixture by adding an internal crosslinker composition to the neutralized monomer solution wherein the internal crosslinking composition is the reaction product of a stoichiometric excess of amine with a glycidyl compound, wherein the internal crosslinker composition has a residual amount of glycidyl compounds of less than about 500 ppm based on the mass of the internal crosslinker composition; and c) polymerizing the crosslinker monomer mixture to make a superabsorbent polymer.1. A process to make a particulate superabsorbent polymer composition having increased permeability comprising the steps of a) preparing a neutralized monomer solution comprising a polymerizable monomer selected from unsaturated acid groups-containing monomers, ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, salts, or derivatives thereof and a caustic agent selection from an alkali agent, wherein the polymerizable monomer is neutralized to from about 50 mol % to about 85 mol %; b) forming a crosslinker monomer mixture by adding an internal crosslinker composition to the neutralized monomer solution wherein the internal crosslinker composition is the reaction product of amines and glycidyl compounds selected from, (i) saturated amines and\/or saturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds, or (ii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with saturated glycidyl compounds and\/or saturated polyglycidyl compounds, or (iii) ethylenically unsaturated amines and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyamines with ethylenically unsaturated glycidyl compounds and\/or ethylenically unsaturated polyglycidyl compounds; wherein the amount of the amines and glycidyl compounds includes a stoichiometric excess of amines\/unreacted amino functions wherein the amount of the glycidyl groups is from 75% to 98% of the molar amount of the NH-functions, and the internal crosslinker composition has a residual amount of glycidyl compounds of less than about 500 ppm based on the mass of the internal crosslinker composition as determined by the Glycidyl Compound in Amine-Glycidyl Compound Reaction Products Test set forth herein; c) polymerizing the crosslinker monomer mixture to make a superabsorbent polymer wherein components a) and b) are polymerized; d) granulating the superabsorbent polymer of step c) to form superabsorbent polymer particles having a surface and wherein at least about 40 wt % of the superabsorbent polymer particles have a size of from about 150 μm to about 850 μms; and e) surface treating the particulate superabsorbent polymer with from about 0.01 to about 5 wt % based on a dry particulate superabsorbent polymer composition weight of surface crosslinking agent applied to the particle surface; wherein the particulate superabsorbent polymer composition has a Centrifuge Retention Capacity of from about 20 g\/g to about 40 g\/g as determined by the Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test set forth herein, and a Gel Bed Permeability of at least about 5 Darcy or more as determined by the Free-Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test set forth herein.","label":"Household","id":1633} +{"sentence":"Amine containing monomersEthylenically unsaturated diamine or triamines, a process for their polymerization and polymeric products. The resulting polymers have unique properties as chelants for metal ions.1. A process for the polymerization of an anionically polymerizable mixture comprising an ethylenically unsaturated anionically polymerizable diamine or triamine corresponding to the formula: [Equation] CH2=CR--R's--NR"--R's--nN(R")2 wherein R is hydrogen or C1-4alkyl; R's independently each occurrence is a C2-20difunctional organic group; R" independently each occurrence is a C1-20hydrocarbyl group or an inertly substituted derivative thereof; and n is one or two; and a copolymerizable comonomer the steps of the process comprising forming a living polymer anion by contacting the copolymerizable comonomer with a lithium containing organic compound under anionic polymerization conditions, contacting the living polymer anion with the ethylenically unsaturated diamine or triamine compound to generate a polymeric repeating unit corresponding to the formula: terminating the polymerization and recovering the polymer containing pendant diamine or triamine functionality.","label":"Automobile","id":1634} +{"sentence":"Benzoate\/alkanoate ester compositionsMixtures of esters produced by reacting an aromatic and an aliphatic monocarboxylic acid with a stoichiometric quantity of a diol are effective plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride and other rigid organic polymers. The freezing point of the mixtures and the efficacy of the present ester mixtures as plasticizers can be varied by adjusting the type and molar ratio of the two types of acids used to prepare the ester mixture.1 . An ester composition comprising 1) an ester corresponding to formula (I) R 1 C(O)OR 2 O(O)CR 3   I 2) an ester corresponding to formula (II) R 1 C(O)OR 2 O(O)CR 1 ;  II and 3)an ester corresponding to formula (III) R 3 C(O)OR 2 O(O)CR 3   III wherein R 1 is at least one radical selected from the group consisting of phenyl and alkyl-substituted phenyl, R 2 is a divalent radical of the formula —R 4 (OR 4 ) m —, R 3 is an alkyl radical containing from 3 to 21 carbon atoms, R 4 is an alkyl radical containing from 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m represents 0 or the integer 1 or 2.","label":"HouseConst","id":1635} +{"sentence":"Purification of neopentyl glycolIn a process for the production of neopentyl glycol by hydrogenation of the aldol product of formaldehyde and isobutyraldehyde, an improvement comprises the wiped-film evaporator treatment of a saponified NPG-containing mixture. The process results in a very pure product and also eliminates the need for the addition of steam to the crude NPG, thus saving the cost of energy for removing the water from the NPG. A further yield improvement is achieved by extracting NPG from the caustic residue with isobutyraldehyde and water. The isobutyraldehyde selectively recovers the NPG while the water selectively removes the caustic. The isobutyraldehyde and NPG are then conveniently recycled to the aldol reaction zone.1. In a method of making neopentyl glycol wherein formaldehyde and isobutyraldehyde are reacted and the aldol product thereof is hydrogenated to make a crude neopentyl glycol containing impurities, the improvement wherein impurities are removed from said crude neopentyl glycol comprising adding to said crude neopentyl glycol containing impurities an amount of sodium hydroxide effective to saponify impurities in said crude neopentyl glycol, passing said crude neopentyl glycol containing saponified impurities into a wiped-film evaporator, and evaporating at least a portion of said crude neopentyl glycol containing saponified impurities in said wiped-film evaporator at a temperature from about 130° C. to about 180° C. and a pressure of about 10 mm Hg to about 100 mm Hg.","label":"Process","id":1636} +{"sentence":"Modified conjugated diene-based polymer and production method therefor, rubber composition and tireThe present invention provides a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 20×104or more and 300×104or less, in which the modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a molecular weight of 200×104or more and 500×104or less is comprised in an amount of 0.25% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less based on a total amount of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and a shrinking factor (g′) is less than 0.64.1. A branched modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 50×104or more and 300×104or less, comprising: a modified conjugated diene-based polymer component having a molecular weight of 200×104or more and 500×104or less in an amount of 1.0% by mass or more and 30% by mass or less based on a total amount of the branched modified conjugated diene-based polymer; a silicon atom; and a shrinking factor (g′) of less than 0.64.","label":"Automobile","id":1637} +{"sentence":"Processes for producing a catalyst component for addition polymerization, a catalyst and an addition polymerA production process of a polymerization catalyst component includes contacting compound (a) such as diethyl zinc represented by the defined formula [1], a compound (b) such as pentafluorophenol, represented by the defined formula [2], a compound (c) such as water, represented by the defined formula [3], and particles (d), such as silica, with one another in a hydrocarbon solvent under an agitator power of 0.05 kW\/m3or greater.1. A process for producing a catalyst component for addition polymerization, comprising the step of contacting a compound (a) represented by the following formula [1], a compound (b) represented by the following formula [2], a compound (c) represented by the following formula [3], and particles (d) comprising an inorganic substance or an organic polymer with one another, in a hydrocarbon solvent under agitation, the agitation being carried out under an agitator power of 0.05 kW\/m3or larger in contacting the particles (d) with the compound (a), (b) or (c), and in all contacting following the above contacting: M1L1m  [1] R1t-1TH  [2], and R2t-2TH2  [3] wherein M1is a metal atom of the group 1, 2, 12, 14 or 15 in the periodic table; L1is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group, and when plural L1s exist, they are the same as, or different from one another; m is a number corresponding to the valence of M1; R1is an electron-withdrawing group or a group containing an electron-withdrawing group, and when plural R1s exist, they are the same as, or different from one another; R2is a hydrocarbyl group or a halogenated hydrocarbyl group; T is an atom of the group 15 or 16 in the periodic table; and t is a number corresponding to the valence of T.","label":"Catalyst","id":1638} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent composition and processThe present invention provides an acrylate superabsorbent composition having an improved rate of absorbency, low residual acid content, and a low acrylate monomer content. Acrylic acid, an alkali metal salt of carbonic acid, aluminum acetate, sodium sulfate and water are uniformly reacted preferably using microwave radiation as the heat source.1. An ionically cross-linked poly (potassium) acrylate superabsorbent composition, which is substantially fully neutralized and water insoluble and which has a low residual monomer content of less than 200 ppm.","label":"Household","id":1639} +{"sentence":"Optical instrument having a stabilization element for mounting and adjusting an optical assembly in a holder, and mounting method for the stabilization elementAn optical instrument for measuring has an a stabilization component for stably connecting an optical assembly and holder to at least one stabilization element that can be compressed in the gap. The stabilization element has, in an unmounted state, a thickness which is greater than the width of the gap, and the optical assembly, the holder and the stabilization component are configured and cooperate such that the stabilization element, which is positioned between optical assembly and holder, in a roughly positioned state, is compressed, by way of inserting the optical assembly into the holder, into the gap and is plastically deformed in the gap such that elastic forces act radially with respect to the optical axis between assembly and holder and the assembly and the holder are disposed in the radial direction in a stabilized state with respect to one another.1. A geodetic apparatus for surveying, comprising: an optical assembly having at least one optical element which defines an optical axis; a holder for the optical assembly, the holder having a shape which is suitable for at least approximately accommodating the optical assembly, in an inserted state the optical assembly is inserted within the holder with a gap with a defined width between the optical assembly and the holder; and a stabilization component for tolerance compensation and for stable connection of the optical assembly and the holder, having at least one stabilization element which can be compressed in the gap in the inserted state, wherein: the stabilization element in an unmounted state has a thickness which is greater than the width of the gap, the optical assembly, the holder and the stabilization component are formed in such a way and interact in such a way that in an approximately positioned state of the stabilization component, by inserting the optical assembly into the holder, the stabilization element positioned between the optical assembly and the optical holder is compressed in the gap and is plastically deformed in the gap in such a way that residual elastic forces act radially with respect to the optical sighting axis between the assembly and the holder, and the assembly and the holder are stabilized with respect to one another in the radial direction, the stabilization element comprises a deformation zone, and the stabilization element comprises a material having homogeneous plastic properties; and the stabilization component comprises a standalone component that is separate from the optical assembly and the holder.","label":"HouseConst","id":1640} +{"sentence":"Polymerization catalysts, methods of making, methods of using, and polyolefin products made therefromOlefin polymerization catalyst systems including a high molecular weight catalyst compound and a low molecular weight catalyst compound, and methods of making same are provided. High molecular weight catalysts include metallocene catalysts and low molecular weight catalysts include non-metallocene compounds including biphenyl phenol compounds. Generally catalyst systems may include less than about 5.0 mol % of the high molecular weight catalyst compound relative to said low molecular weight catalyst. Methods for olefin polymerization including the aforementioned catalyst systems, and polyolefins and products made therefrom.1. A catalyst system comprising: a first catalyst component comprising a metallocene catalyst compound; a second catalyst component having the following formula I: wherein M is Zr; wherein R1is selected from CH2CH2, (CH2)3, (CH2)4, CH2CHMeCH2, CH2CMe2CH2; wherein R2is a substituted aryl or a substituted heteroaryl; wherein R4is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, and pentyl; wherein R3and R5to R9are H; and wherein X is selected from F, Cl, Br, I, benzyl, or C1 to C5 alkyls; and optionally, a cocatalyst; wherein said metallocene catalyst compound has a formula selected from the group consisting of CpACpBM′X′n, CpA(A)CpBM′X′n, CpA(A)QM′X′n and CpAM′QqX′n, wherein CpAand CpBare independently selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl ligands and ligands isolobal to cyclopentadienyl, either or both CpAand CpBoptionally contain heteroatoms, and either or both CpAand CpBmay be substituted by one or more R groups, wherein M′ is selected from the group consisting of Groups 3 through 12 atoms and lanthanide Group atoms, wherein X′ is a leaving group, wherein n is 0 or an integer from 1 to 4, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of divalent alkyls, divalent lower alkyls, divalent substituted alkyls, divalent heteroalkyls, divalent alkenyls, divalent lower alkenyls, divalent substituted alkenyls, divalent heteroalkenyls, divalent alkynyls, divalent lower alkynyls, divalent substituted alkynyls, divalent heteroalkynyls, divalent alkoxys, divalent lower alkoxys, divalent aryloxys, divalent alkylthios, divalent lower alkyl thios, divalent arylthios, divalent aryls, divalent substituted aryls, divalent heteroaryls, divalent aralkyls, divalent aralkylenes, divalent alkaryls, divalent alkarylenes, divalent haloalkyls, divalent haloalkenyls, divalent haloalkynyls, divalent heteroalkyls, divalent heterocycles, divalent heteroaryls, divalent heteroatom-containing groups, divalent hydrocarbyls, divalent lower hydrocarbyls, divalent substituted hydrocarbyls, divalent heterohydrocarbyls, divalent silyls, divalent boryls, divalent phosphinos, divalent phosphines, divalent aminos, divalent amines, divalent ethers, and divalent thioethers; wherein Q is selected from the group consisting of heteroatom-containing ligands, ROO−, RO—, R(O)—, —NR—, —CR2—, —S—, —NR2, —CR3, —SR, —SiR3, —PR2, —H, and substituted and unsubstituted aryl groups; wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyls, lower alkyls, substituted alkyls, heteroalkyls, alkenyls, lower alkenyls, substituted alkenyls, heteroalkenyls, alkynyls, lower alkynyls, substituted alkynyls, heteroalkynyls, alkoxys, lower alkoxys, aryloxys, alkylthios, lower alkyl thios, arylthios, aryls, substituted aryls, heteroaryls, aralkyls, aralkylenes, alkaryls, alkarylenes, haloalkyls, haloalkenyls, haloalkynyls, heteroalkyls, heterocycles, heteroaryls, heteroatom-containing groups, hydrocarbyls, lower hydrocarbyls, substituted hydrocarbyls, heterohydrocarbyls, silyls, boryls, phosphinos, phosphines, aminos, amines, ethers, and thioethers; and wherein q is selected from 0 to 3; and wherein said second catalyst component is present in an amount in a range of from about 0.001 to about 5.0 mol % relative to said first catalyst component.","label":"HouseConst","id":1641} +{"sentence":"Use of hexahydrolupulones as antibacterial agentsProvided are functionalized silicon compounds and methods for their synthesis and use. The functionalized silicon compounds include at least one activated silicon group and at least one derivatizable functional group. Exemplary derivatizable functional groups include hydroxyl, amino, carboxyl and thiol, as well as modified forms thereof, such as activated or protected forms. The functionalized silicon compounds may be covalently attached to surfaces to form functionalized surfaces which may be used in a wide range of different applications. In one embodiment, the silicon compounds are attached to the surface of a substrate comprising silica, such as a glass substrate, to provide a functionalized surface on the substrate, to which molecules, including polypeptides and nucleic acids, may be attached. In one embodiment, after covalent attachment of a functionalized silicon compound to the surface of a solid silica substrate to form a functionalized coating on the substrate, an array of nucleic acids may be covalently attached to the substrate. Thus, the method permits the formation of high density arrays of nucleic acids immobilized on a substrate, which may be used, for example, in conducting high volume nucleic acid hybridization assays.1. A functionalized silicon compound having a structure of Formula 2: wherein R1and R2are independently selected from the group consisting of alkoxy and halide, and R3is selected from the group consisting of alkoxy, halide and alkyl; wherein L1and L2are both --(CH2)n--, wherein n=2 to 10; and wherein A1is a moiety comprising one or more derivatizable functional groups selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl, amino, amido, carboxyl, thio, halo, and sulfonate.","label":"Automobile","id":1642} +{"sentence":"Process for regenerating a catalystA process for regenerating a catalyst used in the preparation of acrolein from glycerol, which comprises tungsten compounds and has acidic properties and at least one promoter.1. A process for regenerating a solid-state catalyst which comprises tungsten and having a Hammett acidity Ho of <+2 and includes at least one promoter compound selected from the group consisting of a compound of gold, silver, copper, vanadium, platinum, palladium, rhodium, ruthenium, samarium, cerium, yttrium, scandium, lanthanum, zinc, magnesium, iron, cobalt, nickel and mixtures thereof, and optionally an additional compound of a element selected from the group consisting of lithium, sodium, potassium or cesium, and mixtures thereof and\/or montmorillonite or an acidic zeolite, which catalyst, after use in a process for dehydrating glycerol to acrolein, has a lower activity and\/or selectivity than before said dehydrating; in which the process the catalyst is exposed to an oxidizing or reducing atmosphere for regeneration.","label":"Catalyst","id":1643} +{"sentence":"Pulverulent polymers crosslinked on the surfaceThe present invention relates to a pulverulent polymer post-crosslinked on the surface and absorbing water or aqueous liquids, synthesised from polymerised, optionally pre-crosslinked monomers containing partially neutralised carboxyl groups. The present invention also relates to a process for the post-treatment of the aforementioned polymers and the use of a solution of at least one salt of an at least trivalent cation for restoring the gel permeability of the aforementioned polymers that have been damaged by mechanical action.1. A solution comprising at least one salt of at least trivalent cation for restoring the gel permeability of pulverulent polymers absorbing water or aqueous liquids that have been damaged by mechanical action, said polymers being synthesized from polymerized, optionally pre-crosslinked monomers containing partially neutralized carboxyl groups, characterized in that the solution of the salt is added to the pulverulent polymer after the post-crosslinking and the said pulverulent polymer and the solution are thoroughly mixed.","label":"Household","id":1644} +{"sentence":"Means for increasing the molecular weight and decreasing the density employing mixed homogeneous catalyst formulationsA continuous solution polymerization process is disclosed wherein at least two homogeneous catalyst formulations are employed. A first homogeneous catalyst formulation is employed in a first reactor to produce a first ethylene interpolymer and a second homogeneous catalyst formulation is employed in a second reactor to produce a second ethylene interpolymer. Optionally a third ethylene interpolymer is formed in a third reactor. The resulting ethylene interpolymer products possess desirable properties in a variety of end use applications, for example in film applications. A means for increasing the molecular weight of the first ethylene interpolymer is disclosed and\/or a means for increasing the temperature of the first reactor, relative to the third homogeneous catalyst formulation. A means for reducing the (α-olefin\/ethylene) weight ratio in the first reactor is disclosed and\/or reducing the density of the first ethylene interpolymer, relative to the third homogeneous catalyst formulation.1. An ethylene interpolymer product comprising: (i) a first ethylene interpolymer; (ii) a second ethylene interpolymer; and (iii) optionally a third ethylene interpolymer; wherein the ethylene interpolymer product has a dimensionless Long Chain Branching Factor, LCBF, greater than or equal to about 0.001; wherein the ethylene interpolymer product has from about 0.0015 parts per million (ppm) to about 2.4 ppm of hafnium, and; wherein the ethylene interpolymer product has from about 0.006 ppm to about 5.7 ppm of titanium.","label":"HouseConst","id":1645} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR OBTAINING A DIALKYL CARBONATE AND AN ALKYLENE GLYCOLThe invention relates to a process for obtaining a dialkyl carbonate and an alkylene glycol from a stream comprising dialkyl carbonate, alkylene carbonate, alkylene glycol and alcohol, comprising the following steps: (a) distillatively removing a stream ( 5 ) comprising dialkyl carbonate and alkylene glycol as a heteroazeotrope from the stream comprising dialkyl carbonate, alkylene carbonate, alkylene glycol and alcohol in a first distillation stage ( 1 ), (b) separating the stream ( 5 ) comprising dialkyl carbonate and alkylene glycol as a heteroazeotrope into a first crude product stream ( 27 ) comprising essentially di-alkyl carbonate and a second crude product stream ( 29 ) comprising essentially alkylene glycol in an apparatus for phase separation ( 25 ).1 . A process for obtaining a dialkyl carbonate and an alkylene glycol from a stream comprising dialkyl carbonate, alkylene carbonate, alkylene glycol and alcohol, comprising the following steps: (a) distillatively removing a stream ( 5 ) comprising dialkyl carbonate and alkylene glycol as a heteroazeotrope from the stream comprising dialkyl carbonate, alkylene carbonate, alkylene glycol and alcohol in a first distillation stage ( 1 ), (b) separating the stream ( 5 ) comprising dialkyl carbonate and alkylene glycol as a heteroazeotrope into a first crude product stream ( 27 ) comprising essentially dialkyl carbonate and a second crude product stream ( 29 ) comprising essentially alkylene glycol in an apparatus for phase separation ( 25 ).","label":"Process","id":1646} +{"sentence":"Coated catalysts comprising a multimetal oxide comprising molybdenumCoated catalysts comprising a catalytically active multimetal oxide comprising molybdenum. The coated catalyst comprises a support body, a first layer and a second layer. The first layer comprises a molybdenum oxide or a precursor compound which forms molybdenum oxide. The second layer comprises a multimetal oxide comprising molybdenum and at least one further metal.1. A coated catalyst comprising (a) a support body, (b) a first layer comprising a molybdenum oxide or a precursor compound which forms molybdenum oxide, (c) a second layer comprising a multimetal oxide comprising molybdenum and at least one further metal.","label":"Catalyst","id":1647} +{"sentence":"Modified zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalystsImproved oxidative dehydrogenation catalysts are prepared by modifying a zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst with magnesium oxide. The resulting catalyst compositions exhibit higher conversions and yields.1. A catalyst composition suitable for oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds consisting essentially of a zinc ferrite composition having the empirical formula [Equation] ZnxFeyOz wherein x is from about 0.1 to 2, y is from about 0.3 to about 12 and z is from about 3 to about 18 and a promoter of magnesium oxide in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 10 weight percent and manganese oxide in an amount of about 0.1 to about 10 wt. percent based on the weight of the zinc ferrite composition.","label":"Catalyst","id":1648} +{"sentence":"Aerogel composite with fibrous battingAerogel composite materials having a lofty fibrous batting reinforcement preferably in combination with one or both of individual short randomly oriented microfibers and conductive layers exhibit improved performance in one or all of flexibility, drape, durability, resistance to sintering, x-y thermal conductivity, x-y electrical conductivity, RFI-EMI attenuation, and\/or burn-through resistance.1. A composite article to serve as a flexible, durable, light-weight insulation product, said article comprising a lofty fibrous batting sheet and a continuous aerogel through said batting.","label":"IndustConst","id":1649} +{"sentence":"Ethylene polymersAn ethylene polymer excellent in molding processability represented by uniform extensibility, drawdown resistance, swell and extrudability, and mechanical properties represented by rigidity, impact resistance and ESCR, is provided. Particularly, an ethylene polymer remarkably excelent in balance between rigidity and ESCR as compared with a conventionally known ethylene polymer is provided. An ethylene polymer, which is an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene with an α-olefin having a carbon number of from 3 to 20, and which satisfies the following conditions (1) to (4): (1) the melt index (HLMI) under a load of 21.6 kg at 190° C. is from 0.1 to 1000 g\/10 min, (2) the density (d) is from 0.935 to 0.985 g\/cm3, (3) the relation between HLMI and d satisfies the following formula (i): d≧0.00900×log(HLMI)+0.951, (4) the relation between ESCR and the flexural modulus (M) satisfies the following formula (ii): M≧−7310×log(ESCR)+32300.1. An ethylene polymer, which is an ethylene homopolymer or a copolymer of ethylene with an α-olefin having a carbon number of from 3 to 20, and which satisfies the following conditions (1) to (4): (1) the melt index (HLMI) under a load of 21.6 kg at 190° C. is from 0.1 to 1,000 g\/10 min, (2) the density (d) is from 0.935 to 0.985 g\/cm3, (3) the relation between HLMI and d satisfies the following formula (i): d≧0.00900×Log(HLMI)+0.951  (i) (4) the relation between the environmental stress cracking resistance (ESCR) and the flexural modulus (M) satisfies the following formula (ii): M≧−7310×Log(ESCR)+32300  (ii).","label":"HouseConst","id":1650} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing and recovering acrylic acidIn a process for producing acrylic acid which comprises contacting with water an acrylic acid-containing reaction product gas which has been obtained by the catalytic vapor phase oxidation of an olefinic compound of a general formula, CH2=CHX, wherein X represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of CH3and CHO, with a molecular oxygen-containing gas thereby collecting the acrylic acid in the form of an aqueous solution, separating the acrylic acid from the aqueous solution, and refining the thus separated acrylic acid, the improvement comprising a step of subjecting the bottom liquor of a rectification tower for acrylic acid to a decomposition evaporation and a step of subjecting the evaporation residue having a composition of 1-25 wt % of acrylic acid, 9-49 wt % of acrylic acid dimer, wherein total amount of the acrylic acid and its dimer is in the range of 10-50 wt %, and correspondingly 90-50 wt % of other matters to an extraction with water to separate the acrylic acid, its dimer and hydroquinone by the extraction.1. A process for preparing acrylic acid comprising: (a) catalytic vapor phase oxidation of an olefinic compound of the general formula CH2=CHX wherein X represents at least one group selected from the group consisting of CH3and CHO with a molecular oxygen containing gas to yield a reaction product gas comprising acrylic acid and acetic acid, (b) contacting said reaction product gas with water in the presence of hydroquinone and obtaining an aqueous solution of said reaction product and hydroquinone, (c) separating the acrylic acid from the aqueous solution, which comprises the steps of (i) separating the organic components containing said reaction product and hydroquinone from the aqueous solution by extraction. (ii) separating acetic acid from the organic components to obtain the crude acrylic acid by distillation, and (iii) separating the acrylic acid from the crude acrylic acid and obtaining a bottom liquor containing acrylic acid, acrylic acid dimer, hydroquinone and high boiling substances by distillation, (d) decomposition evaporating said bottom liquor under reduced pressure of 20-500 mmHg at a temperature of 120°-220° C. to provide a distillate and an evaporation residue having the composition of 1-25 wt % of acrylic acid, 9-49 wt % of acrylic acid dimer, wherein the total amount of the acrylic acid and its dimer is in the range of 10-50 wt % and correspondingly 90-50 wt % of the other components, said distillate being recycled to step c, and (e) subjecting said evaporation residue to water extraction to separate said acrylic acid, acrylic acid dimer, and hydroquinone as aqueous solution from high boiling water insoluble substances, said aqueous solution being recycled to the step b or step c-i.","label":"Process","id":1651} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articles containing a multifunctional gelImproved skin-adhesive compositions for bonding a substrate, such as an absorbent article, to skin are disclosed. More particularly, the skin-adhesive composition has an improved, yet gentle, adhesion to the skin of a user, while maintaining strong, effective bonding to various inanimate, non-skin substrates. In one embodiment, the skin-adhesive composition can provide one or more skin benefit agents to the user. The skin-adhesive composition may be applied to an absorbent article, such as a panty-liner, sanitary napkin, or an incontinence article, for directly adhering the article to the skin of a user.1. An absorbent article comprising a fluid impermeable substrate having a body-facing surface and a garment-facing surface, the body-facing surface having a skin-adhesive and absorbent gel composition thereon for adhering the substrate directly to a wearer and for absorbing bodily fluids, the gel composition comprises a hydrogel composed of monomers selected from the group consisting of N-vinyl pyrrolidone, hydroxyethyl methacrylate, methacrylic acid or its salt, styrene sulfonic acid or its salt, potassium sulfopropyl acrylate, dimethyl acrylamide, dimethyl amino ethyl methacrylate or its quaternary salt derivative, acrylamido methyl propane sulfonic acid or its salt and mixtures thereof, wherein the gel composition further comprises an adhesion modifier dispersed within the gel composition, wherein the adhesion modifier is selected from allyl methacrylates crosspolymer, allyl methacrylate\/glycol dimethacrylate crosspolymer, lauryl methacrylate\/glycol dimethacrylate crosspolymer and derivatives thereof, wherein the hydrogel is intertwined with a fibrous web, and wherein the ratio of the hydrogel to the fibrous web is from about 30:1 to about 100:1 by basis weight.","label":"Household","id":1652} +{"sentence":"Multistep process for the (co) polymerization of olefinsA multistep process for the polymerization of one or more olefins comprising a first step of polymerizing one or more of said olefins in the presence of a catalyst of the Ziegler-Natta type, a step wherein the polymer obtained in the first step is contacted with a catalyst system comprising an half-sandwich metallocene compound, followed by a second polymerization step. The amount of homo- or copolymer of olefins produced in the first polymerization step is between 10% to 90% by weight of the total amount of polymer produced.1. A process for the polymerization of olefins of formula CH2═CHR, wherein R is hydrogen or an alkyl, cycloalkyl or aryl radical with 1-20 carbon atoms, comprising the following steps: a) a first step of polymerization wherein at least one of said olefins are polymerized, in at least one reactor, in the presence of a catalyst comprising the product of reaction between an alkyl-Al compound and (i) a solid component comprising a compound of a transition metal MIselected from the group consisting of Ti and V, not containing MI-π bonds, and a halide of Mg in active form, or (ii) a Phillips catalyst to produce an olefin homo- or copolymer; b) a treatment step comprising: I. contacting the polymer produced in polymerization step a) with compounds that deactivate the catalyst used in said step a); and II. contacting the product obtained in I. with a solution comprising a compound of formula (I): wherein: Ti is titanium; L is a group bonded to Ti through a π-bond; Y is a moiety comprising nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur or oxygen through which Y is covalently bonded to both Z and Ti; Z is a moiety bridging L and Y, X, same or different, are monovalent anionic moieties having up to 30 non-hydrogen atoms provided that, if X is an aromatic group, it is not bonded to Ti through a π-bond, optionally two X groups being covalently bonded together to form a divalent dianionic moiety having both valences bonded to Ti; and, optionally, with an activating cocatalyst in hydrocarbon solvents; and c) a second step of polymerization wherein at least one olefin is polymerized, in at least one gas phase reactor, in the presence of the product obtained in the treatment step b); and wherein the amount of homo- or copolymer of olefins produced in the first polymerization step a) is between 10% to 90% by weight of the total amount of polymer produced.","label":"Catalyst","id":1653} +{"sentence":"Water absorbing agent and production method thereofThe present invention provides a water absorbing agent that is excellent in a balance between a centrifugal retention capacity (CRC) and a saline flow conductivity (SFC), and a method for producing the water absorbing agent. The method for producing the water absorbing agent, the method comprising mixing (i) a water absorbing resin (A) and (ii) a polymer (B) being a polyamine polymer having a hydroxyl group on a main chain provides a water absorbing agent containing (i) the water absorbing resin (A) and (ii) the polymer (B) being a polyamine polymer having a hydroxyl group on a main chain.1. A water absorbing agent comprising: a water absorbing resin (A); and a polymer (B) being a polyamine polymer having a hydroxyl group on a main chain, said water absorbing resin (A) being a cross-linked polymer of polyacrylic acid and\/or a salt thereof, said polymer (B) (i) being obtainable by reacting an amine and an epihalohydrin, which are monomers and whose amounts in total with respect to the whole amount of the polymer (B) are 100 to 60 mass %, (ii) containing dialkylamine, as the amine, whose amount respect to the whole amount of the amine is not less than 50 mol % and not more than 100 mol %, and (iii) having a weight average molecular weight of 40,000 dalton to 500,000 dalton, the polymer (B) with respect to 100 parts by mass of the water absorbing resin (A) being 0.01 to 10 parts by mass, said water absorbing agent having a yellowness index (YI) of not more than 30 in the Hunter'ss Lab color system when measured by spectral colorimeter after a 7-day exposure to an atmosphere at 70±1° C. and 65±1% relative humidity.","label":"Household","id":1654} +{"sentence":"Process for producing silica aerogelSilica aerogels that are controlled in pore diameter and pore diameter distribution can be produced as follows: a surfactant is dissolved in an acidic aqueous solution; a silicon compound having a hydrolysable functional group and a hydrophobic functional group is added thereto, so that a hydrolysis reaction is carried out to yield a gel; and after the gel is solidified, the gel is dried supercritically. Preferably, the surfactant is one selected from the group consisting of a nonionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, and an anionic surfactant, or a mixture of at least two of them. The silica aerogels produced as described above are usable for heat insulators for solar-heat collector panels or heat-insulating window materials for housing.1 . A process for producing a silica aerogel, the process comprising: solidifying a gel produced through hydrolysis that is carried out by adding a silicon compound whose molecules have a hydrolysable functional group and a hydrophobic functional group, to a solution containing a surfactant that has been dissolved in an acidic aqueous solution; and then drying the gel supercritically.","label":"IndustConst","id":1655} +{"sentence":"Transparent thermoplastic resin composition with improved impact strength and melt flow indexThe present invention provides a transparent thermoplastic resin composition which may comprise (A) about 1 to about 100 parts by weight of an ultra-high molecular weight branched acrylic copolymer resin; (B) about 0 to about 99 parts by weight of an acrylic resin; and (C) about 0 to about 40 parts by weight of an acrylic impact modifier, based on 100 parts by weight of (A) and (B). The ultra-high molecular branched acrylic copolymer resin (A) may be prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising (a1) about 50 to about 99.899% by weight of a mono-functional monomer, (a2) about 0.1 to about 40% by weight of a (meth)acrylic monomer having a flexible segment represented following Chemical Formula 1, and (a3) about 0.001 to about 10% by weight of a branch-inducing monomer. The thermoplastic resin composition of the present invention can have improved transparency, scratch resistance, flowability, and impact strength. wherein m is an integer from 3 to 18, Y is methyl or hydrogen, and X is methyl or hydrocarbon.1. A transparent thermoplastic resin composition comprising: (A) about 1 to about 100 parts by weight of an ultra-high molecular weight branched acrylic copolymer resin, wherein said ultra-high molecular branched acrylic copolymer resin (A) is prepared by polymerizing a monomer mixture comprising (a1) about 50 to about 99.899% by weight of a mono-functional monomer, wherein said mono-functional acrylic monomer (a1) comprises methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, monoglycerol acrylate, maleic anhydride, or a combination thereof, (a2) about 0.1 to about 40% by weight of a (meth)acrylic monomer having a flexible segment represented by the following Chemical Formula 1, and (a3) about 0.001 to about 10% by weight of a branch-inducing monomer; wherein: m is an integer from 3 to 18, Y is methyl or hydrogen, and X is methyl or hydrocarbon; and (B) about 0 to about 99 parts by weight of an acrylic resin.","label":"IndustConst","id":1656} +{"sentence":"RESIN COMPOSITION HAVING EXCELLENT SURFACE SMOOTHNESSSolved is the following problem: a PE based resin including a film grade ethylene-α-olefin copolymer is excellent in economic efficiency, but has a narrow molecular weight distribution in consideration for strength and heat sealability, and therefore causes surface roughening to occur when applied to a covering material for an insulated electric wire or cable. Applied is a polyolefin based resin composition including at least one polyethylene (PE) based resin, in which, when a ratio (I10\/I0.5) of an MFR (I10) measured at 190° C. and a load of 10 kg to an MFR (I0.5) measured at 190° C. and a load of 0.5 kg is defined as MFRR, a difference between the MFRR of the polyolefin based resin composition including at least one PE based resin and the MFRR of the PE based resin is 5 or more.1 . A polyolefin based resin composition for covering insulated electric wire and cable, comprising at least one polyethylene (PE) based resin, wherein, when a ratio I10\/I0.5 of a melt flow rate (MFR) (I10) measured at 190° C. and 10 kg to an MFR (I0.5) measured at 190° C. and 0.5 kg is defined as a melt flow rate ratio (MFRR), a difference between an MFRR (A) of the polyolefin based resin composition comprising at least one PE based resin and an MFRR (a) of the PE based resin is 5 or more.","label":"HouseConst","id":1657} +{"sentence":"Process for manufacturing high purity methacrylic acidA process is provided herein for the high yield production of high purity glacial methacrylic acid (\"HPMAA\") that is substantially pure, specifically 99% pure or greater, with water content of 0.05% or less and low levels of other impurities, including HIBA, acrylic acid, MOMPA, methacrolein and others. This improved process comprises providing a crude MAA stream and purifying the crude methacrylic acid stream in a series of successive distillation steps involving two distillation columns. The inventive process is capable producing high purity methacrylic acid product that is especially suitable for the production of specialty MAA polymers.1. A method of preventing decomposition of 2-hydroxyisobutyric acid (HIBA) within a methacrylic acid product stream derived from hydrolysis of acetone cyanohydrin in the presence of an acid catalyst, said product stream comprising methacrylic acid, HIBA and the acid-catalyst, said method comprising: adding a stabilizing agent capable of neutralizing the acid catalyst to said product stream.","label":"Process","id":1658} +{"sentence":"Fractionation traysA fractionating column is provided which has perforated fractionating trays and downcomers allowing liquid to flow from one tray to the tray immediately below, said downcomers being provided with radial outflow ports directing downflowing liquids towards the column wall rather than onto the surface of the tray directly below the downcomer. This permits at least a portion of the under-downcomer area to be perforated thereby increasing the capacity of the tray for vapor\/liquid contact and ensuring that weeping of the liquid through the perforations is avoided without need for an increase in vapor pressure.1. A fractionating column having an inner wall and comprising a plurality of horizontally disposed perforated fractionation trays located one above the other within said column including a first perforated fractionation tray with at least one downcomer for channeling an outflow from the first tray through at least one radially disposed exit port to a second perforated fractionation tray directly below the first, said second tray comprising an under-downcomer area located directly below the downcomer from the first fractionation tray, in which the exit port from each downcomer is located in such a way that the outflow therefrom is initially directed towards the inner wall of the column, and at least a portion of the under-downcomer area of the second tray is provided with a plurality of perforations.","label":"Process","id":1659} +{"sentence":"Conjugated diene polymer, conjugated diene polymer composition, and method for producing conjugated diene polymerA conjugated diene polymer is provided that comprises a conjugated diene-based constituent unit and a constituent unit of formula (I) below, at least one terminus of the polymer being modified by a compound of formula (II): wherein X1, X2, and X3independently denote a group of formula (Ia) below, a hydroxy group, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and at least one of X1, X2, and X3is a group of formula (Ia) below or a hydroxy group, wherein R1and R2independently denote a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a silyl group, or a substituted silyl group, and R1and R2may be bonded so as to form, together with the nitrogen atom, a ring structure, wherein n denotes an integer of 1 to 10, R3, R4, and R5independently denote a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbyloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, at least one of R3, R4, and R5is a hydrocarbyloxy group, and A denotes a nitrogen atom-containing functional group.1. A method for producing a conjugated diene polymer, comprising steps A and B: step A: polymerizing monomers comprising a conjugated diene and a vinyl compound of formula (III) below in a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst to produce a polymer having an alkali metal originating from the catalyst at least one terminus of a polymer chain comprising a conjugated diene-based monomer unit and a monomer unit based on the vinyl compound of formula (III): wherein X4, X5, and X6independently denote a group of formula (IIIa) below, a hydrocarbyl group, or a substituted hydrocarbyl group, and at least one of X4, X5, and X6is a group of formula (IIIa) below, wherein R8and R9independently denote a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a substituted hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a silyl group, or a substituted silyl group, and R8and R9may be bonded so as to form, together with the nitrogen atom, a ring structure; and step B: reacting the resulting polymer in step A with a compound of formula (II): wherein n denotes an integer of 1 to 10, R3, R4, and R5independently denote a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a hydrocarbyloxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, at least one of R3, R4, and R5is a hydrocarbyloxy group, and A denotes a group of formula (11a) below, wherein R6and R7independently denote a hydrocarbyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":1660} +{"sentence":"High melt strength polyethylene compositionsThe invention is a polyethylene composition having a polydispersity index of less than or equal to 3, an average branching index (g') as measured by GPC\/Vis≥0.9, and a melt strength (MS) (centiNewton, 190° C.) that satisfies the relationship: ##EQU1## In a preferred embodiment these polyethylene compositions comprise A) branched polyethylene copolymers prepared by insertion polymerization of ethylene, ethylene-containing macromers, and optionally, additional copolymerizable monomers, and B) essentially linear ethylene copolymers. Improved melt strength without sacrificing the benefits of narrow polydispersity index are exhibited by the invention compositions.1. A polyethylene composition having a polydispersity index of less than or equal to 3, an average branching index (g's) as measured by gel permeation chromotography\/viscosity (GPC\/Vis)≥0.9, and a melt strength (MS) (centiNewton, 190° C.) that satisfies the relationship: ##EQU3## wherein said composition comprises a branched polyethylene copolymer prepared by insertion polymerization of ethylene, ethylene-containing macromers, and optionally, additional copolymerizable monomers, and an essentially linear ethylene copolymer having density of 0.900-0.935 g\/cm3,polydispersity index of 1.8-3.5 and a melt index (2.16 kg\/190° C.) of 0.3-7.5.","label":"HouseConst","id":1661} +{"sentence":"Distillation process and multi-column heat-integrated distillation systemA distillation system and process for separating a multi-component feed mixture in a distillation system comprising a first distillation column having a first fired reboiler, and at least a second distillation column having a second heat-exchange reboiler, comprising the steps of a) introducing the feed mixture to the first column, and separating into at least a first top and a first bottom product; b) taking part of the first bottom product for providing heat to the second reboiler as a utility stream; and c) feeding part of said utility stream after heat-exchange as main feed to the second column for further separation. This process allows significant energy savings, by reduction of the amount of external heat required for the fired reboiler and omission of a conventionally used heat-exchanger.1. A process for separating a multi-component feed mixture in a distillation system comprising a first distillation column having a first fired reboiler, and a second distillation column having a second heat-exchange reboiler, comprising: a) introducing the feed mixture to the first distillation column, and separating into at least a first top and a first bottom product; b) taking part of the first bottom product for providing heat to the second heat exchange reboiler as a utility stream; c) feeding part of said utility stream after heat-exchange as main feed to the second distillation column for further separation, wherein temperature and pressure of said part of said utility stream are adiabatically adjusted before feeding to the second column.","label":"Process","id":1662} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic molding material based on graft copolymers with bimodal particle size distribution and a two-step graft shellThermoplastic molding materials which have high gloss and are readily colored and comprise a first graft copolymer A of an elastomeric, crosslinked acrylate polymer as the graft base and a graft shell made from a vinyl-aromatic monomer and a polar, copolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a second separately prepared graft copolymer B of an elastomeric crosslinked acrylate polymer as the graft base, which is different from that in A and has a larger mean particle diameter than the graft base of copolymer A, having a first graft shell of a vinyl-aromatic monomer and a second graft shell of a mixture of a vinyl aromatic monomer and a polar-copolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and a hard matrix C.1. A thermoplastic molding material containing A. a first graft copolymer A comprising A1: from 55 to 75% by weight, based on A, of an elastomeric, crosslinked acrylate polymer A1 having a mean particle diameter (weight average) of from 50 to 150 nm as the graft base, and A2: from 45 to 25% by weight, based on A, of a graft shell A2 made from a vinyl-aromatic monomer and a polar, copolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomer in a weight ratio of from 80:20 to 65:35, B: a second, separately prepared graft copolymer B comprising B1: from 50 to 80% by weight, based on B, of an elastomeric, crosslinked acrylate polymer B1 which is different from A1 and has a mean particle diameter (weight average) in the range from 200 to 700 nm as the graft base, B2: a first graft shell B2 comprising from 5 to 30% by weight, based on B, of a vinyl-aromatic monomer and B3: a second graft shell B3 comprising from 15 to 40% by weight, based on B, of a mixture of a vinyl-aromatic monomer B31 and a polar, copolymerizable, ethylenically unsaturated monomer B32 in a B31:B32 weight ratio of from 90:10 to 60:40, and C: a hard matrix C comprising a copolymer or mixture of two copolymers prepared from monomers selected from the group consisting of styrene, α-methylstyrene, acrylonitrile, methyl methacrylate and phenylmaleimide, wherein the A1:B1 weight ratio of the graft bases is in the range from 95:5 to 35:65, and the proportion of A1 plus B1 in the graft bases is from 10 to 35% by weight, based on the molding material comprising A, B and C.","label":"Automobile","id":1663} +{"sentence":"Process to copolymerize vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethyleneA process for the suspension copolymerization of vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethylene to form a copolymer having a constant weight ratio of vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethylene independent of conversion, which consists in polymerization with an initial charge containing excess vinyl chloride and adding additional vinyl chloride prior to reaching the conversion where the copolymer composition changes.1. A process for the suspension copolymerization of vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethylene to form a copolymer having a constant weight ratio of vinyl chloride to chlorotrifluoroethylene comprising the steps of: suspension copolymerizing vinyl chloride and chlorotrifluoroethylene using an initial charge having a weight ratio of vinyl chloride to chlorotrifluoroethylene of 55\/45 to 75\/25 to form a copolymer having a constant weight ratio of 75\/25 to 95\/5 vinyl chloride to chlorotrifluoroethylene; and adding sufficient additional vinyl chloride to reconstitute the initial ratio of the vinyl chloride to chlorotrifluoroethylene charge prior to reaching 20% conversion.","label":"HouseConst","id":1664} +{"sentence":"Method to activate silicone rubber surfacesA method for activating silicone rubber surfaces comprising steps of: i) swelling at least the surface of the silicone rubber matrix with a silicone rubber swelling solvent; ii) treating the silicone rubber matrix during or after the swelling with a solution comprising at least a reactive silane, the reactive silane comprising: a) at least one Si—C bond and; b) at least one hydrolytically labile bond linked to at least one of the Si atoms present in the reactive silane and; c) at least one functional group F1 connected via a Si—C bond to the same or an other Si atom present in the reactive silane, the functional group comprising electrophilic and\/or nucleophilic moieties, and\/or at least one functional group F2 connected via a Si—C bond to the same or an other Si atom present in the reactive silane comprising moieties which become electrophilic or nucleophilic moieties by a mechanism selected from the group consisting of ring opening of a cyclic structure, hydrolysis, displacement or by a migration reaction; iii) drying and\/or heat treating of the treated silicone rubber matrix.1. A method for activating silicone rubber surfaces comprising steps of: i) swelling at least a surface of a silicone rubber matrix with a silicone rubber swelling solvent; ii) treating the silicone rubber matrix during or after the swelling with a solution comprising at least a reactive silane, wherein the reactive silane comprises at least one hydrolytically labile bond linked to at least one of the Si atoms present in the reactive silane, the reactive silane comprising a reactive silane according to Formula (III), Formula (IV), or Formula (V), thereby forming a treated silicone rubber matrix; and iii) drying and\/or heat treating the treated silicone rubber matrix, wherein Formula (III) is: wherein R9 and R10 are independently selected from the group consisting of branched and linear, substituted and unsubstituted alkyl, alkenyl, and alkoxy groups; and wherein R11 is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted, saturated and unsaturated, branched and linear aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, substituted and unsubstituted, branched and linear aralkyl groups, substituted and unsubstituted aryl groups, and hydrogen; Formula (IV) is: wherein each R11 may be the same or different and is selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted, saturated and unsaturated, branched and linear aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, substituted and unsubstituted, branched and linear aralkyl groups, substituted and unsubstituted aryl groups, and hydrogen; and R12 and R13 may be the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of substituted and unsubstituted, branched and linear alkyl and alkoxy groups; and Formula (V) is: wherein R14 is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, saturated and unsaturated, substituted and unsubstituted aliphatic hydrocarbon groups, and substituted and unsubstituted aryl groups; and R15 is selected from substituted and unsubstituted, branched and linear alkyl groups.","label":"Automobile","id":1665} +{"sentence":"Stable ethylsilicate polymers and method of making the sameEthylsilicate polymers and a method of making, specifically ethylsilicate polymer binders with reduced levels of regulated volatile organic compounds (VOCs) for use in the coatings industry and casting industry, and more specifically to stable, fast cure ethylsilicate polymer binders with low levels of regulated VOCs.1. A polyethylsilicate composition comprising: a polyethylsilicate; 18-50% by weight SiO2 based on the total composition weight; 0-60% by weight alcohol based on the total composition weight; and a positive amount of solvent, wherein said solvent forms up to 40% by weight, based on the total composition weight, and wherein said solvent comprises at least one of propylene carbonate, 2-amino 2-methyl 1-proponal, parachlorobenzotrifluoride or a combination of propylene carbonate and tert-butylacetate; and wherein said solvent and said alcohol in combination comprise 5-70% by weight, based on the total composition weight.","label":"IndustConst","id":1666} +{"sentence":"Process for producing modified polymer rubberThere is provided a process for producing a modified polymer rubber having modified both ends, which comprises the steps of: (1) reacting a compound represented by the following formula (1) with an organic alkali metal compound to produce a chemical species, (2) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer or a combination of a conjugated diene monomer with an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of the chemical species to produce an active polymer having an alkali metal at an end thereof, and (3) reacting the active polymer with a functional group-carrying modifying agent in a hydrocarbon solvent to produce the modified polymer rubber having modified both ends.1. A process for producing a modified polymer rubber having modified both terminals, which comprises the steps of: (1) reacting a compound represented by the following formula (1) with an organic alkali metal compound to produce a chemical species, wherein R 1 is an amino, alkoxy, silyloxy, acetal, carboxyl or mercapto group or a group derived from any of these groups, (2) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer or a combination of a conjugated diene monomer with an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of the chemical species to produce an active polymer having an alkali metal at an end thereof, and (3) reacting the active polymer with a functional group-carrying modifying agent in a hydrocarbon solvent to produce the modified polymer rubber having modified both ends.","label":"Automobile","id":1667} +{"sentence":"Mixed metallocene catalyst systems containing a poor comonomer incorporator and a good comonomer incorporatorThe present invention provides polymerization catalyst compounds, catalyst systems including these catalyst compounds, and to their use in the polymerization of ethylene and at least one comonomer. In particular, the invention provides a catalyst system comprising a poor comonomer incorporating catalyst compound and a good comonomer incorporating catalyst compound. Preferably, the low comonomer incorporating catalyst compound is a metallocene containing at least one substituted or unsubstituted fused ring cyclopentadienyl based ligand which is substantially directed to the front of the molecule, contains a long bridging group, or which contains a methyl substitution pattern which correlates to poor comonomer incorporation. The invention also provides methods of selecting the poor comonomer incorporating metallocene to pair with the good comonomer incorporating metallocene to produce polymers that are easy to process into a variety of articles, especially polyethylene based film, having enhanced properties.1. A process of polymerizing olefin(s) to produce a polymer product, the process comprising contacting ethylene and at least one comonomer with a catalyst system, wherein the catalyst system comprises a poor comonomer incorporating catalyst compound having at least one fused ring cyclopentadienyl based ligand and a good comonomer incorporating catalyst compound, wherein the polymer product has a bimodal composition distribution; wherein the poor comonomer incorporating catalyst compound is a 1-substituted bisindenylzirconium dihalide, and wherein the 1-substituted bisindenylzirconium dihalide is substituted with an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of a methyl group, an ethyl group and a propyl group.","label":"Catalyst","id":1668} +{"sentence":"Modified conjugated diene copolymer, rubber compositions and tiresThe present invention provides a modified conjugated diene polymer that is prepared by polymerization of a conjugated diene compound using a catalyst containing a lanthanoid rare earth element compound in an organic solvent and then modifying the resulting polymer having an active organic metal site with a modifier, wherein the modification efficiency is not less than 15% and the cis-1,4 bond content in the conjugated diene moiety measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy satisfies the relationship (I): cis-1,4 bond content≧98.00(%)  (I), or the modification efficiency is not less than 75% and the cis-1,4 bond content in the conjugated diene moiety measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy satisfies the relationship (II): 94.00(%)≦cis-1,4 bond content<98.00(%)  (II). The invention further provides a rubber composition containing the modified conjugated diene polymer and giving a tire exhibiting low heat build-up, satisfactory failure characteristics, and high abrasion resistance, and a tire composed of the rubber composition and exhibiting these characteristics.1. A modified conjugated diene polymer that is prepared by polymerization of a conjugated diene compound using a catalyst containing a lanthanoid rare earth element compound in an organic solvent and then modifying the resulting polymer having an active organic metal site with a modifier, wherein the modification efficiency is not less than 15% and the cis-1,4 bond content in the conjugated diene moiety measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy satisfies the relationship (I): cis-1,4 bond content≧98.00(%)  (I), or the modification efficiency is not less than 75% and the cis-1,4 bond content in the conjugated diene moiety measured by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy satisfies the relationship (II): 94.00(%)≦cis-1,4 bond content<98.00(%)  (II).","label":"Automobile","id":1669} +{"sentence":"Multicomponent dividing wall columnsFor an n-component mixture (n≧3), an array of new distillation columns is disclosed with vertical partitions that allow independent control of the vapor flowrates in each partitioned zone, while operating the columns to produce constituent product streams. Specifically, all such more operable columns with vertical partitions for ternary and quaternary feed mixtures are illustrated. For a ternary feed, through extensive computation, the minimum heat duty for each of the new columns is same as for the FTC configuration. The new columns with vertical partitions become even more attractive when the vapor split between column sections must be controlled within a narrow range. Finally, it is disclosed how a new column with vertical partition(s) drawn for an n-component mixture can be adapted to distil feed mixtures that contain more than n-components.1. A method, comprising: feeding a feed stream comprising a more volatile component, at least one intermediate volatile component, and a less volatile component to a feed location on a distillation column, the distillation column having a top end, a bottom end, and at least one partition within the distillation column, and the feed location having a first intermediate location along the length of the distillation column; feeding the feed stream to a first zone, the first zone is vertically between the top end and bottom end of a first partition, and horizontally between the boundary of the distillation column and the first partition, the first partition having a top end that extends from the top of the distillation column and a bottom end that extends to a location above the bottom of the distillation column; withdrawing at least one liquid stream depleted in the less volatile component from a second intermediate location which is located at an intermediate location of the first zone, and the second intermediate location is configured to be above the feed location, to form a first intermediate stream; feeding the first intermediate stream to a second zone in the distillation column, the second zone having a location along a second partition in the distillation column; withdrawing at least one stream enriched in the more volatile component from a first withdrawing location in the first zone, the first withdrawing location is above the second intermediate location; withdrawing at least one stream enriched in the more volatile component from a second withdrawing location in the second zone, the second withdrawing location is above the location where the first intermediate stream is fed; withdrawing at least one stream enriched in the intermediate volatile component from the second zone, at a location below where the first intermediate stream is fed and above the bottom of the second partition; and withdrawing at least one stream enriched in the less volatile component from a location in the distillation column that is below the bottom of the first partition.","label":"Process","id":1670} +{"sentence":"Acetylated derivatives of castor oil and their blends with epoxidized fatty acid estersThe present disclosure is directed to acetylated castor components and compositions including the same. The acetylated castor component may be an acetylated castor oil and\/or an acetylated castor wax. The acetylated castor component may be blended with an epoxidized fatty acid ester. The present acetylated castor components and blends find advantageous application as a plasticizer.1. A polymeric composition comprising: (A) a polyvinyl chloride resin; and (B) a plasticizer composition comprising 50 wt % of an acetylated castor wax having a hydroxyl number of 0, the acetylated castor wax is present in the plasticizer composition and the amount of acetylated castor wax is based on the weight of the plasticizer composition; 50 wt % of an epoxidized soybean oil, based on the weight of the plasticizer composition; wherein the plasticizer composition has a solution temperature of 140° C. to 200° C. and the polymeric composition is phthalate-free and has a tensile elongation retention greater than 30% after 168 hours heat aging at 136° C. as measured on dog bones cut from 30 mil thick plaques in accordance with ASTM D638.","label":"HouseConst","id":1671} +{"sentence":"Surface treatment process for improving dispersibility of an absorbent composition, and product thereofThe aqueous dispersibility of a water-absorbent composition of matter is improved by a surface treatment which ionically complexes the surface thereof to a moderate degree. A dispersion is formed comprising a water-absorbent composition of matter based on an anionic poly-electrolyte, at least one polyvalent metal cation, and a dispersing medium in which the composition of matter is substantially insoluble. The dispersion is maintained within a given temperature range for a period of time sufficient to ionically complex the exposed surface of the composition of matter, and the dispersing medium is then removed. The product is characterized by a linkage density which is greater at the surface thereof than in the interior thereof and by the presence of ionic linkages at the surface thereof.1. A process for surface treating a water-absorbent composition of matter to improve its aqueous dispersibility comprising the steps of A. forming a dispersion comprising (i) a water-absorbent composition of matter based on an anionic poly-electrolyte, (ii) polyvalent, cations of at least one metal, and (iii) a dispersing medium in which said composition of matter is substantially insoluble; B. maintaining said dispersion at a temperature of about -40° to about +150° C for a period of time sufficient for said cations to ionically complex the outer surface of said composition of matter exposed to said dispersing medium; and C. removing said dispersing medium.","label":"Household","id":1672} +{"sentence":"Method of producing particle-shape water-absorbing resin materialA method of producing a particle-shape water-absorbing resin material is realized. With this method, it is possible to prevent deterioration of properties of the particle-shape water-absorbing resin material, and reduces damages onto surfaces thereof. This method is arranged such that (a) water-absorbing resin particles are surface-treated by using a crossing agent so that surfaces of the particles are cross-linked, (b) an additive for giving a function to the particles is added to the particles, (c) and a step of mixing the particles and the additive is carried out in a step of performing particle-size regulating treatment for the particles which includes agglomerated particles.1. A method of producing a particle-shape water-absorbing resin material, comprising: (A) performing surface treatment in which surfaces of water-absorbing resin particles are cross-linked by using a cross-linking agent; (B) performing a particle-size regulating treatment on the surface-treated water-absorbing resin particles using a rotary particle-size regulating apparatus or a rotary continuous size particle controlling apparatus; (C) adding an additive to the surface-treated water-absorbing resin particles; and (D) dry mixing the additive and the surface-treated water-absorbing resin particles, wherein the particle-size regulating treatment and the dry mixing of the additive and the surface-treated water-absorbing resin particles are performed within 10 minutes in total.","label":"Household","id":1673} +{"sentence":"Acetylate Glycerin Esters and Their Blends with Epoxidized Fatty Acid EstersThe present disclosure is direct to acetylated glycerin ester and compositions including the same. The acetylated glycerin ester may be blended with other plasticizers, including an epoxidized fatty acid ester. The present acetylated glycerin ester and blends find advantageous application as a plasticizer.9 . A coated conductor comprising: a conductor; and a coating on the conductor, the coating comprising a vinyl chloride resin and a plasticizer composition comprising glycerin diacetate monolaurate and optionally an epoxidized fatty acid ester or other plasticizer.","label":"HouseConst","id":1674} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONJUGATED DIENE-BASED POLYMER, AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING CONJUGATED DIENE-BASED POLYMER COMPOSITIONA method for producing a conjugated diene-based polymer is described. The conjugated diene-based polymer is produced by polymerizing monomers including a conjugated diene compound, a compound represented by the following formula (1) and a compound represented by the following formula (2) using an organoalkali metal compound and a secondary amine compound, and then reacting a compound containing a nitrogen atom and\/or a silicon atom to an active end of the polymer formed via the polymerization, E1-A1  (1) E1represents a hydrocarbyl group having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and A1represents a substituted amino group or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, E2-A2  (2) E2represents a hydrocarbyl group having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and A2represents a substituted silyl group.1 . A method for producing a conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising polymerizing monomers including a conjugated diene compound, a compound represented by the following formula (1), and a compound represented by the following formula (2) using an organoalkali metal compound and a secondary amine compound, and reacting a compound having a nitrogen atom and\/or a silicon atom to an active end of the polymer generated by the polymerization, E1-A1  (1) wherein E1represents a hydrocarbyl group having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and A1represents a substituted amino group or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, E2-A2  (2) wherein E2represents a hydrocarbyl group having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and A2represents a substituted silyl group.","label":"Automobile","id":1675} +{"sentence":"Method for making polyolefinsA method for making ethylene polymers and copolymers is disclosed. The method uses a catalyst system comprising a low level of an aluminum-containing activator, a bridged indenoindolyl transition metal complex, and a treated silica support. The method enables economical preparation of ethylene copolymers having very low density. The silica-supported, bridged complexes incorporate comonomers efficiently and are valuable for a commercial slurry loop process. Use of a bridged indeno[2,1-b]indolyl complex provides exceptionally efficient comonomer incorporation, and gives polymers with a substantial and controlled level of long-chain branching. The method facilitates the production of a wide variety of polyolefins, from HDPE to plastomers.1. A method which comprises copolymerizing ethylene and a 1-olefin in the presence of a catalyst system comprising (a) an aluminum-containing activator; (b) a bridged, indenoindolyl Group 3-10 transition metal complex; and (c) an alumoxane-treated silica support, to produce a linear low density or plastomeric ethylene copolymer having a density less than 0.930 g\/cm3, wherein the catalyst system has an aluminum:transition metal [Al:M] mole ratio less than 500.","label":"HouseConst","id":1676} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbable resin powder, and method for determining elastic modulus of water-absorbable resin powderTo provide water-absorbing resin powder particularly useful for a sanitary article, water-absorbing resin powder containing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin as a main component is surface-crosslinked, and satisfies (1) to (3) below: (1) a proportion of a water absorbent resin powder having a particle size of not less than 150 μm and less than 850 μm is not less than 90 weight %; (2) a water absorption time according to a vortex method is not more than 42 seconds; and (3) an elastic modulus index (600-500) is not less than 5500.1. Water absorbent resin powder comprising: a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin as a main component, said water absorbent resin powder being surface-crosslinked and satisfying (1) to (3) below: (1) a proportion of the water absorbent resin powder having a particle size of not less than 150 μm and less than 850 μm is not less than 90 weight %; (2) a water absorption time according to a vortex method is not more than 42 seconds; and (3) an elastic modulus index (600-500) is not less than 5500.","label":"Household","id":1677} +{"sentence":"Polymerization process and initiator system thereforNarrow molecular weight telechelic and\/or block copolymers are prepared by anionic polymerization using multifunctional lithium initiator in combination with a C2-16lithium alkoxide.1. In a solution polymerization of at least one conjugated diene monomer said solution comprising a hydrocarbon solvent wherein polymerization of the monomer is initiated in the presence of a multifunctional lithium containing soluble initiator the improvement which comprises employing as initiator a mixture comprising a multifunctional lithium compound corresponding to the formula: wherein R1is independently each occurrence hydrogen or an inert radical having from 0 to 16 carbon atoms; R2is a divalent organic radical having at least 6 carbon atoms, R2having at least one aromatic ring and the aromatic ring being directly attached to a carbon which is attached to an aromatic ring of the above formula, with the further limitation R2contains carbon and hydrogen, and optionally oxygen; oxygen when present is present only in the configuration of a diphenyl oxide; R3is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, and aromatic radicals containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and a lithium alkoxide of the formula LiOR the alkoxide (OR) containing 2-16 carbon atoms and the equivalent ratio of lithium alkoxide to multi-functional lithium compound being about 0.05 to 2.","label":"Automobile","id":1678} +{"sentence":"Low density polyolefin resins with low molecular weight and high molecular weight components, and films made therefromDisclosed herein are ethylene-based polymers produced using dual metallocene catalyst systems. These polymers have low densities, high molecular weights, and broad molecular weight distributions, as well as having the majority of the long chain branches in the lower molecular weight component of the polymer, and the majority of the short chain branches in the higher molecular weight component of the polymer. Films produced from these polymers have improved impact and puncture resistance.1. An olefin polymerization process, the process comprising contacting a catalyst composition with an olefin monomer and an optional olefin comonomer in a polymerization reactor system under polymerization conditions to produce an olefin polymer comprising a higher molecular weight component and a lower molecular weight component, wherein: the olefin polymer is characterized by a ratio of the Mp of the higher molecular weight component to the Mp of the lower molecular weight component in a range from about 5:1 to about 100:1; the catalyst composition comprises: catalyst component I comprising a two carbon bridged metallocene compound containing two cyclopentadienyl groups, two indenyl groups, or a cyclopentadienyl and indenyl group; catalyst component II comprising a single atom bridged metallocene compound containing a fluorenyl group; an activator; and optionally, a co-catalyst; and a weight percentage of catalyst component I is in a range from about 25 to about 98%, based on the total weight of catalyst component I and catalyst component II.","label":"HouseConst","id":1679} +{"sentence":"Cement dispersant, method for production thereof, and cement composition using the dispersantA cement dispersant having excellent ability to prevent slump loss and high water-reducing property which comprises a polycarboxylic acid type polymer having a specific molecular weight distribution, a method for the production thereof, and a cement composition using the dispersant are provided. The cement dispersant comprises as a main component thereof a polycarboxylic acid type polymer (A), having a weight average molecular weight in the range of 10,000 to 500,000 in terms of polyethylene glycol determined by gel permeation chromatography, and having a value determined by subtracting the peak top molecular weight from the weight average molecular weight in the range of 0 to 8,000.1. A cement composition comprising at least cement, water, and a cement dispersant, said cement dispersant comprising as a main component a polycarboxylic acid type polymer (A) obtained by copolymerizing: 5 to 98% by weight of an (alkoxy)polyalkylene glycol mono(meth)acrylic ester monomer (a) represented by the following general formula (1): wherein R1is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, R2O is one species or a mixture of two or more species of an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein when R2O is a mixture of two or more species of oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, (R2O)mis a block or random copolymer, R3is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group of 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and m is the average addition mol number of oxyalkylene group; 95 to 2% by weight of a (meth)acrylic acid monomer (b) represented by the following general formula (2): wherein R4is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and M1is a hydrogen atom, a monovalent metal atom, a divalent metal atom, an ammonium group, or an organic amine group; and 0 to 50% by weight of a monomer (c) which is different than (a) and (b), and which is copolymerizable with (a) and (b); wherein the total amount of (a), (b) and (c) is 100% by weight, or salt thereof, wherein said polymer (A) has a weight average molecular weight in the range of 10,000 to 500,000 in terms of polyethylene glycol determined by gel permeation chromatography, and has a value determined by subtracting the peak top molecular weight from the weight average molecular weight in the range of 0 to 8,000.","label":"Household","id":1680} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of half-sandwich transition metal based catalyst precursorsA process for the production of a catalyst precursor comprising reacting (a) a metallocene dihalide; (b) a compound of the formula: wherein each Q is the same or different and is independently selected from the group consisting of O, NR, CR2,and S; E is either C or S; Z is selected from the group consisting of --OR, --NR2,--CR3,--SR, --SiR3,--PR2,--H, and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; and each R is independently a group containing carbon, silicon, nitrogen, oxygen, and\/or phosphorus; and (c) a trialkylamine.1. A process for the production of a half-sandwich transition metal catalyst precursor comprising: (I) reacting, in a hydrocarbon medium at a temperature from about 20 to about 60 degrees ° C. for approximately one to ten hours under an inert atmosphere, (a) 1 equivalent of a metallocene dihalide of the formula (L)(L's)MX2wherein M is a metal atom from Groups 4 to 6 of the Periodic Table; X is a halogen atom; and L and L's are the same or different; are bridged to each other or unbridged; and are each independently a substituted or unsubstituted π-bonded ligand coordinated to M; (b) 3 equivalents of a compound of the formula: wherein each Q is the same or different and is independently selected from the group consisting of O, NR, CR2,and S; Y is either C or S; Z is selected from the group consisting of --OR, --NR2,--CR3,--SR, --SiR3,--PR2,--H, and a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group; and each R is independently a group containing carbon, silicon, nitrogen, oxygen, and\/or phosphorus, and (c) 3 equivalents of a trialkylamine of the formula NR's3wherein R's is a hydrocarbon group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms; and (II) recovering the product.","label":"Catalyst","id":1681} +{"sentence":"Metal complex compoundsA monocyclopentadienyl or substituted monocyclopentadienyl metal complex containing compound useful as a polymerization catalyst corresponding to the formula: [Equation] CpMXn+A- wherein: Cp is a single η5-cyclopentadienyl or η5-substituted cyclopentadienyl group optionally covalently bonded to M through a substituent; M is a metal of Group 3-10 or the Lanthanide Series of the Periodic Table bound in the η5bonding mode to the cyclopentadienyl or substituted cyclopentadienyl group; X each occurrence independently is selected from the group consisting of hydride, halo, alkyl, aryl, silyl, germyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, amide, siloxy, neutral Lewis base ligands and combinations thereof having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, and optionally one X together with Cp forms a metallocycle with M; R is alkyl or aryl of up to 10 carbons; n is one or two depending on the valence of M; and A is a noncoordinating, compatible anion of a Bronsted acid salt.1. A monocyclopentadienyl or substituted monocyclopentadienyl metal complex containing compound useful as an olefin polymerization catalyst corresponding to the formula: [Equation] CpMXn+A- wherein: Cp is a single η5-cyclopentadienyl or η5-hydrocarbyl substituted cyclopentadienyl group optionally covalently bonded to M through a substituent; M is a metal of Groups 3-10 or the Lanthanide Series of the Periodic Table bound in an η5bonding mode to the cyclopentadienyl or substituted cyclopentadienyl group; X each occurrence independently is selected from the group consisting of hydride, halo, alkyl, aryl, silyl, germyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, amide, siloxy, neutral Lewis base ligands and combinations thereof having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, and optionally one X together with Cp forms a metallocycle with M; n is one or two depending on the valence of M; and A-is a noncoordinating, compatible anion of a Bronsted acid salt.","label":"Construct","id":1682} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbent agent and production method thereof, and water absorbent articleA particulate water absorbing agent of the present invention includes a water absorbent resin, having a cross-linking structure, whose surface has been cross-linked by adding a surface treatment agent, wherein: (i) a mass average particle diameter (D50) ranges from 200 to 600 μm and 95 to 100 wt % of a particulate water absorbing agent whose particle diameter ranges from less than 850 μm to not less than 150 μm is contained with respect to 100 wt % of whole the particulate water absorbing agent, and (ii) a logarithmic standard deviation (σζ) of particle size distribution ranges from 0.25 to 0.45, and (iii) a compressibility rate defined by a following equation ranges from 0 to 18%, and (iv) a surface tension of a supernatant liquid obtained in 4 minutes after dispersing 0.5 g of the particulate water absorbing agent in 50 ml of physiological saline whose temperature is 20° C. is 55 mN\/m or more, the compressibility rate (%)=(P−A)\/P ×100 where P represents a tapped bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent and A represents a loose bulk density of the particulate water absorbing agent.1. A production method of a particulate water absorbing agent comprising the step of adding a surface treatment agent, containing (A) a surface cross-linking agent and (B) a surfactant or a powder lubricant as essential components, to a water absorbent resin, having a cross-linking structure, so as to cross-link a surface of the water absorbent resin, wherein: an amount of the surfactant or the powder lubricant added ranges from 0.0005 weight parts or more to 0.012 weight parts or less with respect to 100 weight parts of the water absorbent resin, and a surface tension of a supernatant liquid obtained in 4 minutes after dispersing 0.5 g of the particulate water absorbing agent in 50 ml of physiological saline whose temperature is 20° C. is 55 mN\/m or more.","label":"Household","id":1683} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acrylic acidA process for producing acrylic acid through vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein or acrolein-containing gas with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas using a catalyst-filled fixed bed shell-and-tube reactor is provided, which is characterized in that plural catalysts of different activity levels which are prepared by changing the kind and\/or amount of alkaline metal(s) therein are filled in the reaction tubes in such an arrangement that the activity levels rise from the gas-inlet side toward the gas-outlet side of said tubes. According to this process, not only yield and productivity of acrylic acid are improved but also excessive heat, accumulation in the catalyst layer can be inhibited and catalysts degradation under heat is prevented, resulting in prolongation of catalyst life.1. A process for producing acrylic acid by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein or an acrolein-containing gas with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas using a catalyst-filled fixed bed shell-and-tube reactor, which process is characterized by providing plural reaction zones in each of the reaction tubes in said fixed bed shell-and-tube reactor, by dividing inside of each tube in the axial direction thereof and filling the plural reaction zones with plural catalysts of different activity levels in such a manner that the activity level rises from the gas-inlet side of each reaction tube toward the gas-outlet side thereof, wherein the catalysts are oxides or complex oxides having the metallic elementary composition represented by the following general formula (I):  Mo a V b W c Cu d A e Q f R g D h O i   (I) wherein Mo is molybdenum; V is vanadium; W is tungsten; Cu is copper; A is an element selected from the group consisting of zirconium, titanium and cerium; Q is an element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium; R is an element selected from the group consisting of niobium, antimony, tin, tellurium, phosphorous, cobalt, nickel, chromium, manganese, zinc and bismuth; D is an element selected from alkali metals; and O is oxygen; and a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and i represent atomic ratios of Mo, V, W, Cu, A, Q, R, D and O, respectively, in which where a is 12, 1≤b≤14, 0CXS   formula (1), wherein the content of the α-olefin unit in the ethylene-α-olefin copolymer is 0.5 to 30 mole %.","label":"HouseConst","id":1711} +{"sentence":"Vinyl resin production methodA dispersion stabilizer in the present invention contains an aqueous emulsion (a) obtained by dispersing a polymer (A) having an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit in an aqueous medium, a PVA (B) having a degree of saponification of 65 mol % or more and less than 82 mol % and a viscosity-average degree of polymerization of 250 or more and less than 1500, and a PVA (C) having a degree of saponification of 82 mol % or more and less than 98 mol % and a viscosity-average degree of polymerization of 1500 or more and less than 4000. The dispersion stabilizer contains: 7 to 51 mass % of the polymer (A); 40 to 84 mass % of the PVA (B); and 9 to 53 mass % of the PVA (C), with respect to a total amount of the polymer (A), the PVA (B), and the PVA (C). A vinyl resin satisfying required performance can be obtained using the dispersion stabilizer.1. A method for producing a vinyl resin, comprising: suspension polymerizing of a vinyl compound in an aqueous medium using a dispersion stabilizer, wherein the dispersion stabilizer comprises: an aqueous emulsion (a) obtained by dispersing a polymer (A) having an ethylenically unsaturated monomer unit in an aqueous medium; a polyvinyl alcohol (B) with a degree of saponification of 65 mol % or more and less than 82 mol % and a viscosity-average degree of polymerization of 250 or more and less than 1,500; and a polyvinyl alcohol (C) with a degree of saponification of 82 mol % or more and less than 98 mol % and a viscosity-average degree of polymerization of 1,500 or more and less than 4,000; wherein the dispersion stabilizer comprises: 7 to 51 mass % of the polymer (A); 40 to 84 mass % of the polyvinyl alcohol (B); and 9 to 53 mass % of the polyvinyl alcohol (C), with respect to a total amount of the polymer (A), the polyvinyl alcohol (B), and the polyvinyl alcohol (C).","label":"HouseConst","id":1712} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent resin having treated surface and process for producing the sameAn object of the present invention is to provide: a water-absorbent resin which can sufficiently overcome the problem of the gel blocking, can manifest sufficient absorption capacity without load and sufficient absorption capacity under load and, at the same time, can also exert excellent liquid permeability under load; and a process for producing the same. As a means of achieving this object, a first production process among the processes according to the present invention for producing a water-absorbent resin having a treated surface is a process comprising: a step of mixing a water-absorbent resin having an internal crosslinked structure obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing acrylic acid and\/or a salt thereof as a main component, a complex containing a polyvalent metal atom as a central atom and an organic secondary crosslinking agent in the presence of an aqueous liquid; and a step of crosslinking a surface of the water-absorbent resin with the organic secondary crosslinking agent. And a second production process is a process comprising a step of mixing a water-absorbent resin having an internal crosslinked structure and a crosslinked surface obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing acrylic acid and\/or a salt thereof as a main component, and a complex containing a polyvalent metal atom as a central atom in the presence of an aqueous liquid.1. A water-absorbent resin having a treated surface, wherein a trivalent or tetravalent polyvalent metal atom is present on a surface of a water-absorbent resin having an internal crosslinked structure and a crosslinked surface obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing acrylic acid and\/or a salt thereof as a main component, wherein the extraction ratio of the polyvalent metal atom is 80% by mass or smaller.","label":"Household","id":1713} +{"sentence":"Protected catalytic composition and its preparation and use for preparing polymers from ethylenically unsaturated monomersA method for polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated monomers, including non-polar olefinic monomers, polar olefinic monomers, and combinations thereof, using a protected catalytic composition in an aqueous medium, is disclosed. An aqueous dispersion containing the protected catalytic composition is also disclosed, along with an aqueous dispersion of the addition polymer produced by the polymerization.1. An aqueous protected catalytic composition dispersion comprising particles of a protected catalytic composition and a transport agent dispersed in an aqueous medium, wherein said protected catalytic composition comprises a) a protective substance; b) an organometallic catalyst component; and b) optionally a fugitive substance; wherein said protective substance is a polymer selected from poly(non-polar olefins), poly(polar olefins), poly[(polar-olefin)-(non-polar olefins)] and combinations thereof; wherein the polymer is fully saturated; wherein the polymer has i) a crystallinity at 25° C. of 0 to 25% by weight, based on the total weight of said protective substance; ii) a number average molecular weight of at least 1,000 g\/mole and no more than 100,000 g\/mole; iii) a water solubility at 25° C. of 0 to 150 millimoles of monomer present, as polymerized units, in said polymer\/liter of water; and iv) a viscosity of at least 1 centipoise and no more than 1,000,000 centipoise at 25° C.; wherein said fugitive substance is miscible with said protective substance and has a boiling point at 101 kPa of at least −165° C. and no more than 80° C.; wherein said protected catalytic composition has a viscosity of at least 1 centipoise and no more than 10,000 centipoise at 25° C.; wherein said protective substance is a fully saturated polymer; wherein the organometallic catalyst component is water sensitive; wherein the protective substance protects the organometallic catalyst component from decomposition upon exposure of the protected catalytic composition to water; and, wherein the transport agent is a cyclodextrin.","label":"IndustConst","id":1714} +{"sentence":"Dehydrogenation process for production of styrene from ethylbenzene comprising low temperature heat recovery and modification of the ethylbenzene-steam feed therewithAn improved process for the production of styrene through dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene in the presence of steam at elevated temperatures, comprising (1) recovering heat of condensation normally lost during separation of the various components of the dehydrogenation reaction effluent, especially of ethylbenzene from styrene, without need or use of a compressor and (2) using such heat to vaporize an aqueous feed mixture of ethylbenzene and dilution water that is introduced into the dehydrogenation reactor, preferably at about atmospheric pressure, thereby obviating the need to use steam to vaporize the liquid ethylbenzene feed and also enabling much of the diluent steam needed as sensible heat for the dehydrogenation reaction to be generated from water.1. In a process for the production of styrene from the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene in a dehydrogenation zone at elevated temperatures in the presence of steam, whereby the dehydrogenation effluent is cooled and then separated into three phases consisting of a gaseous phase comprising hydrocarbons, an aqueous phase comprising steam condensate, and an organic phase comprising crude styrene and unreacted ethylbenzene, and whereby said crude styrene is separated from said unreacted ethylbenzene by distillation and the styrene monomer product is recovered, the overhead from the distillation column for separating said crude styrene from said unreacted ethylbenzene being passed into a condenser into indirect heat exchange with a fluid comprising ethylbenzene and water passing through said condenser, the improvement comprising operating the ethylbenzene--water side of said condenser at a pressure between about 8 psia and about 25 psia; operating said column under conditions sufficient for its overhead to have a pressure in excess of about 100 mm mercury; said fluid comprising water and ethylbenzene and being vaporized during said indirect heat exchange into a gaseous mixture; and said gaseous mixture being passed into said dehydrogenation zone.","label":"Process","id":1715} +{"sentence":"Silane moisture cured heat resistant fibers made from polyolefin elastomersAn improved process for crosslinking a polyolefin polymer is described. The process involves grafting a silane material onto the polyolefin based polymer in the presence of a free radical generating initiator material and then hydrolyzing the silane material to form crosslinks. By using an effective molar ratio of silane material to free radical of 40 or greater in the grafting reaction, premature crosslinking is controlled and the grafted polymer can be shaped first and then crosslinked. In another aspect of the invention, the crosslinking process is improved by adding a catalyst for the hydrolysis catalyst to the surface of a shaped article made from the grafted polymer. Grafted polymer and articles made from the grafted polymer, particularly fibers, are also disclosed.1 . In a process for crosslinking a polyolefin polymer which includes grafting a silane material which can be described by the formula R—Si—R′, where R is an ethylenically unsaturated group, and R′ is a hydrolyzable group, onto the polyolefin based polymer in the presence of a free radical generating initiator material, the improvement comprising: using an effective molar ratio of silane material to free radical of 45:1 or greater in the grafting reaction.","label":"Construct","id":1716} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF MODIFIED CONJUGATED DIENE COPOLYMER, MODIFIED CONJUGATED DIENE COPOLYMER PRODUCED BY THE PROCESS, RUBBER COMPOSITION, AND TIREA process for producing a modified conjugated diene-based copolymer comprising bringing a modifier into reaction with the active end of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound having the active end, wherein a compound having (i) a hydrolyzable functional group having silicon and (ii) a group which can be converted into a protonic amino group or a protonic amino group protected with an eliminable functional group after the reaction is used as the modifier, a step of adding a condensation catalyst is conducted after the modifier is brought into the reaction, and the content of the unit of the aromatic vinyl compound and the structure of the chain of the aromatic vinyl compound are specified. The process provides a modified conjugated diene-based copolymer which is a modified product of a copolymer of a conjugated diene and an aromatic vinyl compound, provides excellent interaction between the rubber component and carbon black and\/or silica, can further improve dispersion of the fillers and provides a tire exhibiting excellent low heat buildup property, fracture properties and abrasion resistance.1 . A process for producing a modified conjugated diene-based copolymer which comprises bringing a modifier into reaction with active end of a copolymer of a conjugated diene compound and an aromatic vinyl compound having the active end, wherein (1) as the modifier, a compound having (i) a hydrolyzable functional group having silicon and (ii) a group which can be converted into a protonic amino group or a protonic amino group protected with an eliminable functional group after the reaction is used; (2) a step of adding a condensation catalyst is conducted after the modifier is brought into the reaction; and (3) a content of a single unit chain of the aromatic vinyl compound which comprises a single polymer unit of the aromatic vinyl compound is smaller than 40% by mass of entire bonded aromatic vinyl compound, and a content of a long unit chain of the aromatic vinyl compound which comprises at least eight consecutively bonded units of the aromatic vinyl compound is 10% by mass or smaller of entire bonded aromatic vinyl compounds.","label":"Automobile","id":1717} +{"sentence":"VulcanizatesA process, and the product of the process, is provided for the production of improved rubbery vulcanizates which contain both of silica or calcium silicate and carbon black as the fillers and two polymers one of which contains hydroxy or epoxy groups. Such vulcanizates may be used in tires, general purpose goods such as belting, and the like.1. An improved rubbery vulcanizate is provided by the vulcanization of a mixture comprising vulcanization active agents, at least two synthetic polymers and at least two fillers, said at least two fillers being one of silica or calcium silicate and the other being carbon black, said at least two synthetic polymers being (A) a C4-C6conjugated diolefin containing polymer which contains, per 100 grams of polymer, chemically bound in the polymer from about 1.5 to about 80 millimoles of hydroxy groups or from about 4 to about 60 millimoles of epoxy groups and selected from styrene-butadiene-hydroxyethyl acrylate, styrene-butadiene-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, styrene-butadiene-glycidyl acrylate, styrene-butadiene-glycidyl methacrylate and styrene-butadiene-methallyl glycidyl ether polymers, which polymer is mixed with said silica or calcium silicate and optionally other compounding ingredients, and (B) a C4-C6conjugated diolefin containing polymer which is mixed with said carbon black and optionally other compounding ingredients prior to being mixed with the polymer A-filler mixture, the mixture comprising, per 100 parts by weight of total polymers, from about 20 to about 80 parts by weight of polymer A, from about 20 to about 80 parts by weight of polymer B, from about 5 to about 100 parts by weight of silica or calcium silicate, from about 5 to about 100 parts by weight of carbon black to provide a weight ratio of silica or calcium silicate to carbon black of from about 20:80 to about 65:35 and optionally an additive selected from (i) 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of an amine of the formula [Equation] R--NH2,R--NHR's or R--NR"R's's's where R is a C4-C30linear or branched alkyl or alkylene group which may contain one NH2or NH group or a C4-C30cycloalkyl group or a C7-C20alkaryl group connected to the nitrogen atom through the alkyl component of the alkaryl group, R's is a C1-C30linear or branched alkyl or alkylene group and R" and R's's's, which may be the same or different, is a C1-C10alkyl group, or (ii) from about 1 to about 5 parts by weight of an organic acid or salt thereof selected from the C15-C20saturated or unsaturated fatty acids or the alkali metal, alkaline earth metal or ammonium salts thereof, or (iii) from about 1 to about 10 parts by weight of magnesium oxide, said silica or calcium silicate having been mixed with said polymer A and said additive under conditions of shear at a temperature of from about 100° C. to about 190° C. prior to being mixed with the polymer B-carbon black mixture.","label":"IndustConst","id":1718} +{"sentence":"Process for producing improved super absorbent polymerA process for producing an improved super absorbent polymer is disclosed. The process comprises adding to a water-retained super absorbent polymer retaining 10 to 100 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the super absorbent polymer, (a) a polyfunctional compound having two or more reactive groups and selected from a hydrophilic polymer or a metallic compound in an amount of 0.005 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the super absorbent polymer, and (b) a crosslinking agent having two or more functional groups capable of reacting with the polyfunctional compound at a weight ratio of the polyfunctional compound to the crosslinking agent of 0.1 to 30; mixing; and allowing the mixture to react by heating.1. A process for producing an improved super absorbent polymer comprising adding to a water-retained super absorbent polymer retaining 10 to 100 parts by weight of water per 100 parts by weight of the super absorbent polymer, (a) a hydrophilic polymer having two or more reactive groups selected from an amide group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group , an aldehyde group, a sulfo group and a carboxyl group, or a metallic compound of silicon, titanium or zirconium having two or more reactive groups selected from an alkoxyl group, a halogen group, an isocyanate group and an acyloxy group, in an amount of 0.005 to 5 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the super absorbent polymer, and (b) a crosslinking agent capable of reacting with the hydrophilic polymer or the metallic compound, provided that; the crosslinking agent for the hydrophilic polymer is at least one member selected from the group consisting of a polyglycidyl ether, a haloepoxy compound, a polyaldehyde, a polyol and a polyamine, and the crosslinking agent for the metallic compound has two or more functional groups selected from a hydroxyl group, an epoxy group, a carboxyl group, an amino group and a thio group, at a weight ratio of the hydrophilic polymer or the metallic compound to the crosslinking agent of 0.1 to 30; mixing; and allowing the mixture to react by heating.","label":"Household","id":1719} +{"sentence":"RETARDED SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERSWhat is claimed is a superabsorbent polymer (SAP) with anionic and\/or cationic properties and retarded swelling action, which was prepared by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated vinyl compounds. This SAP is characterized in that its swelling begins no earlier than after 5 minutes and in that it was prepared with the aid of at least one process variant selected from the group of a) polymerizing the monomer components in the presence of a combination consisting of at least one hydrolysis-stable crosslinker and at least one hydrolysis-labile crosslinker; b) polymerizing at least one permanently anionic monomer and at least one hydrolysable cationic monomer; c) coating a core polymer component with at least one further polyelectrolyte as a shell polymer; d) polymerizing at least one hydrolysis-stable monomer with at least one hydrolysis-labile monomer in the presence of at least one crosslinker. Owing to the variability of the three preparation alternatives with regard to the starting materials and the process conditions, but also owing to the possible combinations with one another, the present invention can provide superabsorbent polymers which are suitable especially for use in foams, mouldings and fibres, but also as carriers for plant growth- and fungal growth-regulating agents, and for controlled release of active ingredients, or in construction materials. The present polymers are suitable especially for use as construction material additives.47 . A superabsorbent polymer with at least one of anionic or cationic properties and retarded swelling action, which has been prepared by polymerizing ethylenically unsaturated vinyl compounds, wherein its swelling begins not earlier than after 5 minutes and it has been prepared with the aid of at least one process variant selected from the group consisting of a) polymerizing the monomer components in the presence of a combination consisting of at least one hydrolysis-stable crosslinker and at least one hydrolysis-labile crosslinker; b) polymerizing at least one permanently anionic monomer and at least one hydrolysable cationic monomer; c) coating a core polymer component with at least one further polyelectrolyte as a shell polymer; and d) polymerizing at least one hydrolysis-stable monomer with at least one hydrolysis-labile monomer in the presence of at least one crosslinker.","label":"Household","id":1720} +{"sentence":"System, method and storage medium for predicting impact performance of painted thermoplasticA method for predicting impact performance of an article constructed of a material includes: applying physical properties of the material to a constitutive model; performing biaxial property tests on painted samples of the material shaped according to test geometries; performing finite element simulation analysis on the test geometries using the constitutive model; determining maximum principle stress levels from the finite element simulation analysis corresponding to experimental failure displacements obtained from the biaxial property tests; and applying the maximum principle stress levels and the constitutive model to finite element simulation analysis of the article.1 . A method for predicting impact performance of an article constructed of a painted material, the method comprising: applying physical properties of the material to a constitutive model; performing biaxial property tests on painted samples of the material shaped according to test geometries and determining the failure mode as a function of strain rate and temperature; performing finite element simulation analysis on the test geometries using the constitutive model; determining maximum principal stress levels from the finite element simulation analysis corresponding to experimental failure displacements obtained from the biaxial property tests that failed in a brittle failure mode; applying the maximum principal stress levels and the constitutive model to finite element simulation analysis of the article.","label":"HouseConst","id":1721} +{"sentence":"Method for producing functionalized cis-1,4-polydienes having high cis-1,4-linkage content and high functionalityThis invention relates to a method for producing functionalized cis-1,4-polydienes having a combination of a high cis-1,4-linkage content and a high functionality, the resulting polymers and the vulcanized products containing the polymers. The functionalized cis-1,4-polydienes of the present invention are produced by a method comprising the steps of: (1) preparing a reactive polymer by polymerizing conjugated diene monomer with a lanthanide-based catalyst in the presence of less than 20% by weight of organic solvent based on the total weight of monomer, organic solvent, and resulting polymer, where the lanthanide-based catalyst is the combination of or reaction product of (a) a lanthanide compound, (b) an aluminoxane, (c) an organoaluminum compound other than an aluminoxane, and (d) a halogen-containing compound; and (2) contacting the reactive polymer with a functionalizing agent.1. A functionalized cis-1,4-polydiene having a cis-1,4-linkage content of greater than or equal to about 98%, a molecular weight distribution of less than 1.8, and a functionality of greater than or equal to about 80%, where the functionality is defined as the percentage of polymer chains comprising at least one functional group versus the total polymer chains in a polymer product.","label":"Automobile","id":1722} +{"sentence":"Separation process for olefin productionImproved processes for the separation of olefins from paraffins, such as propylene from propane are provided. Two product splitters are used in parallel to separate propylene from propane. One of the product splitters operates at a lower pressure, while the second product splitter operates at a higher pressure. The use of the two splitters in parallel provides a process for recovery of a high purity propylene product with lower energy consumption compared to prior art processes.1. A process for separation of an olefin from a paraffin in a product stream from a dehydrogenation system, comprising the steps of: (a) supplying a feed stream substantially comprised of a mixture of at least one olefin and at least one paraffin; (b) splitting the feed stream into a first portion and a second portion; (c) feeding the first portion of the feed stream to a first product splitter column and feeding the second portion of the feed stream to a second product splitter column, wherein the first product splitter column is operated at a higher pressure than the second product splitter column; (d) feeding at least a portion of the overhead stream from the second product splitter column to a heat pump to compress the second product splitter overhead stream; and (e) feeding steam from at least one steam turbine which drives the heat pump to the reboiler for the first product splitter column.","label":"Process","id":1723} +{"sentence":"ANTIMICROBIAL SOLID SURFACES AND TREATMENTS AND PROCESSES FOR PREPARING THE SAMEProvided is an antimicrobial non-isotactic polymer based hard or semi-flexible surface in a thermoset and\/or thermoplastic resin matrix wherein the active antimicrobial ingredient is copper oxide! Processes for preparing the same and applications thereof are also described. The invention is directed to polymeric solid panels and slab possessing and polymer resin treatments imparting antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral and sporicidal properties.1 . A composite structural solid material comprising a polymeric resin and copper oxide particles substantially uniformly dispersed therein optionally further comprising a filler material, wherein said copper oxide is present at a concentration ranging from 10 to 50% w\/w % and wherein a portion of said copper oxide particles are surface exposed.","label":"Household","id":1724} +{"sentence":"Method of preparing silica aerogel granulesA method of preparing transparent or nontransparent silica aerogel granules. The method includes forming a granular wet gel by spraying a silica sol into alcohol, the silica sol being prepared by mixing a water glass solution or an opacifier-containing water glass solution with an inorganic acid solution, forming a granular alcohol gel through gelation aging and solvent substitution of the granular wet gel in alcohol, hydrophobically modifying the surface of the granular alcohol gel using an organic silane compound, and drying the surface modified gel at ambient pressure or in a vacuum. The method may prepare silica aerogel granules in a short period of time through heat treatment at a relatively low temperature and at ambient pressure or in a vacuum, thereby ensuring excellent economic feasibility, continuity and reliability, suited for mass production.1. A method of preparing silica aerogel granules, comprising: forming a granular wet gel by spraying a silica sol into alcohol, the silica sol being prepared by mixing a water glass solution or an opacifier-containing water glass solution with an inorganic acid solution; forming a granular alcohol gel through gelation aging and solvent substitution of the granular wet gel in alcohol; hydrophobically modifying a surface of the granular alcohol gel using an organic silane compound; and drying the surface modified gel at ambient pressure or in a vacuum.","label":"IndustConst","id":1725} +{"sentence":"Water absorbent and producing method of sameAn object of the present invention is to provide a water absorbent having excellent gel properties and showing excellent properties when used in a water-absorbing material of a sanitary\/hygienic material such as paper diaper. Moreover, another object of the present invention is to provide a water absorbent which is safe and excellent in liquid permeability, and in which an amount of liquid permeability improver for improving the liquid permeability is reduced. The water absorbent is made from a water-absorbing resin prepared by a specific polymerization method and having a high degree of cross-linking, a high liquid holding property and a high gel strength (its swelling pressure of gel layer of is 35 kdyne\/cm2 or more). This water absorbent is further processed to have a particular particle size distribution (95 wt % or more of its particles are less than 850ƒÊm but not less than 106ƒÊm, and logarithmic standard deviation (ƒĐƒÄ) is in a range of 0.25 to 0.45) and then surface cross-linked. After that, a liquid permeability improver is added therein.1. A water absorbent, comprising: water-absorbing resin particles, which are surface cross-linked and formed of a water-absorbing resin having a cross-linked structure prepared by polymerizing a monomer including 70 mol % to 100 mol % of an acrylic acid and a salt of the acrylic acid; and a liquid permeability improver (F), an additive amount of the liquid permeability improver (F) being 0.01 part by weight to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the water-absorbing resin particles, the liquid permeability improver (F) being selected from the group consisting of water-insoluble hydrophilic inorganic particles, water-soluble multivalent metal salt, a cationic polymer compound, and hydrophobic inorganic particles, the water absorbent satisfying the conditions that: (a) 90% to 100% by weight of the water-absorbing resin particles have a diameter ranging from 150 μm to 850 μm; (b) a logarithmic standard deviation (σζ) of a size distribution of the water-absorbing resin particles ranges from 0.25 to 0.45; (c) AAPs for 0.9 wt % saline is at least 20 g\/g; (d) CRCs for 0.9 wt % saline ranges from 29 g\/g to 39 g\/g; and (e) a chemical cross-linking index is at least 160, the chemical cross-linking index represented by Formula (1): Chemical Cross-Linking Index=(CRCs)\/(CRCdw)×1000  (1), wherein CRCs (g\/g) is an absorbency for 0.9 wt % saline, and CRCdw (g\/g) is an absorbency for deionized water.","label":"Household","id":1726} +{"sentence":"Modular thermal storageA power generation system comprising a shared hot side thermal store, a shared cold side thermal store, a plurality of power subunits, and an electrical bus is disclosed. Each of the power subunits may connected or isolated from the shared hot side thermal store and\/or the shared cold side thermal store.1. A power generation system comprising: a shared hot side thermal store comprising a first hot thermal storage ("HTS") tank, a second HTS tank, an HTS medium, an HTS supply stream configured receive a flow of HTS medium from the first HTS tank, an HTS return stream configured to send a flow of HTS medium to the second HTS tank; a shared cold side thermal store comprising a first cold thermal storage ("CTS") tank, a second CTS tank, a CTS medium, a CTS supply stream configured to receive a flow of CTS medium from the second CTS tank, a CTS return stream configured to send a flow of CTS medium to the first CTS tank; a plurality of power subunits, each power subunit comprising: a generator configured to generate electrical power, a compressor, a hot side heat exchanger, a turbine, a cold side heat exchanger, a working fluid circulating in a closed cycle path, wherein the closed cycle path comprises, in sequence, the compressor, the hot side heat exchanger, the turbine, and the cold side heat exchanger, and a valve arrangement configurable to be in a connected state or an isolated state, wherein in the connected state the valve arrangement is configured to connect the hot side heat exchanger to the HTS supply stream and to the HTS return stream and to connect the cold side heat exchanger to the CTS supply stream and to the CTS return stream, wherein in the isolated state, the valve arrangement is configured to isolate the hot side heat exchanger from the HTS supply stream and from the HTS return stream and to isolate the cold side heat exchanger from the CTS supply stream and from the CTS return stream; and an electrical bus electrically coupled to each generator of each power subunit of the plurality of power subunits, wherein the electrical bus is configured to carry electrical power generated by each generator to an electrical node, wherein the shared hot side thermal store and the shared cold side thermal store are shared by the plurality of power subunits.","label":"Process","id":1727} +{"sentence":"MULTI-COMPONENT METALLOCENE CATALYST SYSTEMS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF REACTOR BLENDS OF POLYPROPYLENEEmbodiments of the invention generally include multicomponent catalyst systems, polymerization processes and reactor blends formed by the processes. The multicomponent catalyst system generally includes a first catalyst component and a second catalyst component, wherein the second catalyst component is different from the first catalyst component.1 . A polymerization process comprising: providing a multicomponent catalyst system comprising: a first catalyst component comprising a metallocene catalyst represented by the general formula XCpACpBMAn, wherein X is a structural bridge, CpAand CpBeach denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4; and a second catalyst component generally represented by the formula XCpACpBMAn, wherein X is a structural bridge, CpAand CpBeach denote a cyclopentadienyl group or derivatives thereof, each being the same or different and which may be either substituted or unsubstituted, M is a transition metal and A is an alkyl, hydrocarbyl or halogen group and n is an integer between 0 and 4; wherein the second catalyst component is different from the first catalyst component; introducing the multicomponent catalyst system to a reaction zone; introducing monomer to the reaction zone; contacting the multicomponent catalyst system with the monomer; and withdrawing the polymer from the reaction zone.","label":"Catalyst","id":1728} +{"sentence":"Distillation apparatusA distillation apparatus is provided for the fractionation of a hydrocarbon stream. A part of the heat energy to operate the apparatus is provided by heat exchange of a recycled bottom liquid stream with an overhead vapor stream which has been compressed with a concurrent increase in temperature. Such an apparatus may be used to fractionate a C4hydrocarbon feed.1. A distillation apparatus comprising in combination: a first distillation column, a second distillation column, a compressor, a first heat exchange means connected to said first distillation column at the bottom of said first distillation column, a second heat exchange means connected to said second distillation column at the bottom of said second distillation column, and means for removing overhead streams and for removing bottoms streams from each of said first and said second distillation columns, wherein said first distillation column is equipped with from about 70 to about 100 plates, said second distillation column is equipped with from about 5 to about 20 plates, means is provided for supplying an organic hydrocarbon feed to about a mid-point of said first distillation column, means is provided for supplying a first portion of the bottoms stream from said first distillation column to an upper point of said second distillation column, means is provided for circulating a second portion of the bottoms stream from said first distillation column to said first heat exchange means wherein it is subjected to indirect heat exchange with a stream from said compressor, means is provided for circulating a bottoms stream from said second distillation column to said second heat ecxhange means wherein it is subjected to indirect heat exchange with a supply of hot water or steam, means is provided for supplying an overhead stream from said second distillation column to a lower point of said first distillation column, means is provided for removing a high boiling component stream from the bottom of said second distillation column, means is provided for removing as purified product a portion of the overhead stream from said first distillation column, means is provided for supplying a second portion of the overhead stream from said first distillation column to said compressor wherein said vapor is compressed and heated, means is provided for circulating the heated compressed vapor stream from said compressor to said first heat exchange means wherein it is liquefied and cooled by indirect contact with said second portion of the bottoms stream and then to a point in the overhead stream from said first distillation column.","label":"Process","id":1729} +{"sentence":"Asphalt composition comprising linear diblock copolymerThe present invention relates to an asphalt composition comprising a linear diblock copolymer. Particularly, an asphalt composition comprising a linear diblock copolymer consisting of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon\/conjugated diene has superior dispersion, elongation and a high softening point, and an asphalt composition to which a small amount of sulfur compound is further added has more improved dispersion and thus elongation and softening temperature can be improved more effectively.1 . An asphalt composition comprising; a) asphalt; and b) a linear diblock copolymer of a vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon\/conjugated diene; and a sulfur compound; and wherein the linear diblock copolymer has a weight average molecular weight of 130,000˜160,000.","label":"IndustConst","id":1730} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing polymer structures produced using polymer dispersionsThe present invention relates to a process for the production of water-absorbing polymer structures, comprising the process steps of providing of an aqueous monomer solution comprising a polymerizable, monoethylenically unsaturated monomer (α1) carrying acid groups or a salt thereof; free-radical polymerization of the aqueous monomer solution to give a polymer gel, drying of the optionally comminuted polymer gel to give water-absorbing polymer structures, and surface post-crosslinking of the optionally ground and sieved water-absorbing polymer structures, wherein a thermoplastic polymer is added to the aqueous monomer solution before process step ii) or during process step ii), preferably before process step ii), or II) the polymer gel after process step ii) and before process step iv) or during process step iv), preferably before process step iv), or III) the water-absorbing polymer structure after process step iv).1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer structures, comprising the process steps of: i) providing an aqueous monomer solution comprising from 70 to 98.79 wt % of a polymerizable, monoethylenically unsaturated monomer (α1) bearing acid groups, or a salt thereof, from 0.01 to 2.5 wt % of a crosslinker (α3), and adding from 0.05 to 5 wt % based on the total weight of the monomer solution of a thermoplastic polymer dispersion having a Brookfield viscosity in a range of from 5 to 3,000 mPa·sec, determined at 20° C., to the aqueous monomer solution and wherein the thermoplastic polymer dispersion is a mixture of the thermoplastic polymer and a dispersion agent wherein these two components do not dissolve in one another, ii) free-radically polymerizing the aqueous monomer solution to obtain a polymer gel, iii) comminuting the polymer gel to form comminuted polymer gel, iv) drying the comminuted polymer gel of step iii) to obtain water-absorbing polymer structures, v) grinding and sieving the water-absorbing polymer structures, and vi) surface postcrosslinking the ground and sieved water-absorbing polymer structures of step v), wherein the thermoplastic polymer dispersion is added to the aqueous monomer solution before process step ii) or during process step ii) and wherein the water-absorbing polymer structures do not contain a silicon oxide compound and wherein the water-absorbing polymer structures have the following properties: (β1) a dust content determined by the test method described herein for the entire particle fraction of not more than 1.0% (β2) a flow value determined by the test method described herein for the entire particle fraction of at most about 15; (β3) a retention, as determined according to ERT 441.2-02, of from about 25 g\/g to about 35 g\/g; (β4) a Gel Bed Permeability, as determined by the test method described herein, of from about 30 darcy to about 150 darcy wherein the value of the Gel Bed Permeability increases from 74.8 darcy to 113.3 darcy when the amount of thermoplastic polymer dispersion is increased from 0.5 wt % to 1.5 wt %; and (β5) at least 50 wt. % based on the total weight of the post crosslinked water-absorbing polymer structures having a particle size in a range of from 300 to 600 μm.","label":"Household","id":1731} +{"sentence":"Diethyleneglycol ester based plasticizer composition and polyvinyl chloride resin using the sameThe present invention relates to a diethylene glycol ester based plasticizer composition comprising at least two diethylene glycol ester compounds. The diethylene glycol ester based plasticizer composition of the present invention offers superior tensile strength, elongation, transfer resistance, hardness, transparency, adhesivity, and compatibility with resin, when used for a plasticizer of a polyvinyl chloride resin, without releasing environmental hormones. Thus, it can be used for a polyvinyl chloride resin of a warp film.1 . A diethylene glycol ester compound for a plasticizer represented by Formula 1-1 below: R1OCO—(CH2)2—O—(CH2)2—OCOR2  (1-1) wherein R1 is a phenyl group and R2 is an alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":1732} +{"sentence":"Polymerization with surface silicated and fluorided alumina supported chromiumIn one embodiment of this invention a surface silicated alumina composition, as opposed to conventional silica alumina, is provided. Such composition may also be fluorided and\/or phosphated or phosphited. The resulting compositions are broadly useful but are of particular applicability as supports for chromium olefin polymerization catalysts. In another aspect alumina is fluorided and used with hexavalent chromium catalyst and a co-catalyst or in the alternative with an organochromium catalyst. If desired the support in this embodiment can also be phosphated or phosphited. In another embodiment, aluminum phosphate is formed in the pores of alumina. In contrast with alumina catalyst supports of the prior art, the supports of this invention allow for the production of olefin polymers at high rates of productivity. Also novel high density ultrahigh molecular weight polymers are produced.1. A polymerization process comprising contacting at least one mono-1-olefin under polymerization conditions with a catalyst and a cocatalyst, wherein said catalyst is produced by contacting alumina with a fluoriding agent to produce a fluorided alumina and subjecting said alumina to a silicating treatment to form a surface silicated and fluorided alumina, said surface silicated and fluorided alumina containing, in addition a chromium component, the resulting composition being activated by heating in an oxygen-containing ambient at a temperature within the range of about 300° to about 900° C. so as to convert at least a portion of the chromium of said chromium component to the hexavalent state.","label":"Catalyst","id":1733} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization processA slurry process for polymerizing ethylene is disclosed. The process comprises polymerizing ethylene in the presence of an α-olefin and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported bridged indeno[1,2-b]indolyl zirconium complex. The process produces polyethylene characterized by good incorporation of the α-olefin and low long-chain branching. The process is capable of forming high-molecular-weight polyethylene and has good hydrogen sensitivity.1. A slurry process which comprises polymerizing ethylene at a temperature within the range of 40° C. to 90° C. in the presence of a C3-C10 α-olefin and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported complex to produce polyethylene with good incorporation of the α-olefin and low long-chain branching as indicated by a viscosity enhancement factor of less than 2.0, wherein the process forms polyethylene having weight-average molecular weight greater than 250,000, wherein the process has good hydrogen sensitivity such that introduction of 0.82 mmoles of hydrogen per mole of ethylene into the liquid phase reduces the weight-average molecular weight by at least 60%, and wherein the complex has the structure: wherein each R1 is independently selected from the group consisting of C1-C6 n-alkyl; each R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H and C1-C10 hydrocarbyl; and each L is independently selected from the group consisting of halide, alkoxy, aryloxy, siloxy, alkylamino, and C1-C30 hydrocarbyl.","label":"Catalyst","id":1734} +{"sentence":"Metallocene complex and olefin polymerization methodProvided are a metallocene complex that facilitates copolymerization of olefin monomers including propylene at a higher uptake rate of comonomers, i.e., ethylene and α-olefin, manufacture of a rubber component having a higher molecular weight, and manufacture of homopolypropylene having a higher melting point through homopolymerization of propylene, compared to traditional metallocene catalysts, and a method of olefin polymerization in the presence of such a metallocene complex. Also provided are, for example, a metallocene complex represented by general formula [I] (e.g., a metallocene complex having a substituent at position 6 of one or each indenyl ring and an optionally substituted furyl or thienyl group at position 2 of one or each indenyl ring), an olefin polymerization catalyst containing the metallocene complex, and a method of olefin polymerization involving olefin polymerization or copolymerization in the presence of the olefin polymerization catalyst.1. A metallocene complex represented by formula [I]: where M is titanium, zirconium, or hafnium; Q is carbon, silicon, or germanium; X1and X2are each independently a halogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, an amino group substituted by an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an halogenated aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms; R1and R11may be the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a substituted furyl group, or a substituted thienyl group, at least one of R1and R11being necessarily a furyl group, a thienyl group, a substituted furyl group, or a substituted thienyl group; R8and R18may be the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a trialkylsilyl group, a silyl group having a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a halogenated aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, where if either one of R8and R18is a hydrogen atom, the other one is not a hydrogen atom; R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R9, R12, R13, R14, R15, R16, and R19may be the same or different and are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a trialkylsilyl group, an aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a halogenated aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a furyl group, a thienyl group, a substituted furyl group, or a substituted thienyl group, any adjacent two of R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R12, R13, R14, R15, and R16optionally forming a 5- to 7-membered ring, the 5- to 7-membered ring optionally containing an unsaturated bond; R7and R17may be the same or different and are each an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a trialkylsilyl group; and R10and R20may be the same or different and are each an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, a halogenated alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms having a trialkylsilyl group, a silyl group having a hydrocarbyl group of 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a halogenated aryl group of 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or an optionally substituted 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic group, R10and R20optionally forming a 4- to 7-membered ring, the 4- to 7-membered ring optionally containing an unsaturated bond.","label":"Catalyst","id":1735} +{"sentence":"Impact modifier for a polymer composition and method for preparing the sameDisclosed herein is an impact modifier for a polymer composition and a method of preparing the same. The impact modifier includes a core comprising a polyorganosiloxane, an acrylate polymer and a styrenic polymer; and a shell generally surrounding the core, the shell comprising a polymer attached to the core. The method includes providing a silicone rubber particle; adding a polymerizable styrenic compound into the silicone rubber particle; polymerizing the polymerizable styrenic compound within the particle to provide a styrenic polymer; adding a polymerizable acrylic compound into the silicone rubber particle; polymerizing the polymerizable acrylic compound within the silicone rubber particle to provide an acrylate polymer; and grafting a polymerizable compound onto the silicone rubber particle to provide a shell substantially surrounding the silicone rubber particle comprising the styrenic polymer and the acrylate polymer.1. An impact modifier for a polymer composition, the impact modifier comprising: a core comprising a polyorganosiloxane, an acrylate polymer and a styrenic polymer; and a shell generally surrounding the core, the shell comprising a polymer attached to the core, wherein said core comprises said polyorganosiloxane and said acrylate polymer in a weight ratio of said polyorganosiloxane to said acrylate polymer of between about 1:6 and about 6:1.","label":"IndustConst","id":1736} +{"sentence":"Aerogel blanket and method of productionA method of making a nonwoven wet laid aerogel blanket is provided. The aerogel blanket can exhibit improved thermal conductivity, lower corrosivity, lower dust production and a uniform structure. The blanket can be made from an aerogel floc that is formed from a slurry of aerogel particles.1. A method of making a nonwoven aerogel blanket, the method comprising: mixing aerogel particles and non-aerogel fibers with water to produce an aqueous slurry; flocculating and\/or coagulating the slurry to form floc and a supernatant, the floc including aerogel particles and non-aerogel fibers; and dewatering the floc to make the nonwoven aerogel blanket.","label":"IndustConst","id":1737} +{"sentence":"Method for the production of neopentyl glycolA method for preparing neopentyl glycol by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as catalyst to give hydroxypivalaldehyde with subsequent hydrogenation at a temperature of 80 to 140° C. and at a pressure of 2 to 18 MPa in the liquid phase, is characterized in that the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of a copper chromite catalyst comprising the activators barium and manganese.1. Method for preparing neopentyl glycol by addition of isobutyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of a tertiary alkylamine as catalyst to give hydroxypivalaldehyde with subsequent hydrogenation at a temperature of 80 to 140° C. and at a pressure of 2 to 18 MPa in the liquid phase, characterized in that the hydrogenation is carried out in the presence of a copper chromite catalyst comprising the activators barium and manganese.","label":"Process","id":1738} +{"sentence":"AGGLOMERATED SUPERABSORBENT POLYMER PARTICLESThe present invention relates to agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particles which have been agglomerated by using a multivalent salt having a valence of three or higher. Due to agglomeration, the mean average particle size increase by at least 25% compared to the mean average particle size of the non-agglomerates superabsorbent polymer particles.1 . Agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particles obtained by a method comprising the steps of: a) providing superabsorbent polymer particles having a first mass average particle size; b) mixing the superabsorbent polymer particles with a solution comprising water and a multi-valent salt having a valence of three or higher; wherein the agglomerated superabsorbent polymer particles have a second average particle size which is at least 25% greater than the first mass average particle size.","label":"Household","id":1739} +{"sentence":"Polynucleotides encoding recombinant C1 beta-glucosidase for production of sugars from cellulosic biomassThe invention relates to expression of a recombinant C1 β-glucosidase. The invention also provides methods for producing a fermentable sugar from cellobiose by contacting celiobiose with a recombinant host cell comprising a polynucleotide sequence encoding C1 β-glucosidase, operably linked to heterologous promoter, under conditions in which β-glucosidase is expressed and secreted by the cell and the cellobiose is enzymatically converted by said β-glucosidase to glucose. Methods of the invention may be used for conversion of a biomass substrate to a fermentable sugar, and ultimately to ethanol or other biofuel.1. An isolated polynucleotide encoding a recombinant β-glucosidase polypeptide, wherein said isolated polynucleotide comprises SEQ ID NO:9.","label":"Automobile","id":1740} +{"sentence":"Catalyst composition and process for polymerizing polymers having multimodal molecular weight distributionThere is disclosed a supported olefin polymerization catalyst composition comprising a precursor and a catalyst activator. The precursor comprises a magnesium compound, e.g., dibutylmagnesium, a cyclopentadienyl group-containing zirconium compound, and a titanium and\/or a vanadium compound, e.g., TiCl4,and an organic compound, e.g., an alcohol. The catalyst activator is a mixture of a conventional Ziegler\/Natta co-catalyst and a zirconium sites activator, e.g., methylaluminumoxane. The catalyst is used in the presence of small amounts of hydrogen to produce polymers having multimodal molecular weight distribution in a single reactor.1. An olefin polymerization catalyst precursor composition supported on a porous carrier which has active OH groups comprising a magnesium compound, a zirconium compound, and TiCl4,wherein the magnesium compound has the formula: [Equation] Mg(OR)2,R1mMgR2nor R3kMgX(2-k) where R, R1,R2,and R3each are each alkyl groups, X is a halogen, m and n are each 0, 1 or 2, providing that m+n equals the valence of Mg, and k is 0, 1, or 2; and wherein the zirconium compound has the formula [Equation] CpmZrYnX(2-m) wherein Cp is cyclopentadienyl, m is 1, 2 or 3, Y and X are each the same or different halogen, a C1-C6alkyl or hydrogen and n is 0 or 1, which is produced by impregnating a reaction product of said carrier and said magnesium compound with said zirconium compound; wherein the reaction product is treated with said titanium compound prior to impregnating.","label":"Catalyst","id":1741} +{"sentence":"Agglomerates of precipitated silica, method for their preparation and their use as filter medium for gas filtrationA method of producing a material including agglomerated particles of precipitated silica, including preparing a solution of at least two metal salts (Me), wherein the metal ions are divalent or polyvalent. A solution of alkali metal (M) silicate having a molar ratio SiO2\/M2O of 1-4 is prepared. The solutions are mixed and the mixture stirred, allowing a coagulum to immediately form. The coagulum is rinsed, collected, dewatered, impregnated and processed to provide a material having a dry matter content of >75%, preferably >97%. A material obtainable by the process is also provided.1. A method of preparing agglomerates of precipitated silica comprising the following steps: preparing a solution of at least two metal salts (Me), wherein the metal ions are divalent or polyvalent; preparing a solution of alkali metal (M) silicate having a molar ratio SiO2\/M2O of 1-4; mixing said solutions and stirring the mixture whereby a coagulum immediately forms; rinsing the coagulum in water; collecting the coagulum; impregnating the coagulum with impregnation chemicals selected from the group consisting of KMnO4, C2H2O4, C6H8O7, Na2S2O3, NaClO, KOH, NaOH, KI, NaI, K2CO3, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, and KHCO3; processing the coagulum to provide a dry matter content of >15; and shaping and drying the impregnated coagulum to a dry matter content of >75%.","label":"IndustConst","id":1742} +{"sentence":"Method for producing particulate water-absorbing agentProvided is a method for producing a particulate water absorbing agent, the method including the steps of: a polymerization step of polymerizing an acrylic acid (salt)-based aqueous monomer solution so as to obtain a crosslinked hydrogel polymer; a drying step of drying the crosslinked hydrogel polymer so as to obtain a dried polymer; a classification step of classifying a polymer subjected to classification so as to obtain a water-absorbing resin powder having a specific particle size; and a surface-crosslinking step of surface-crosslinking the water-absorbing resin powder that is not surface crosslinked, wherein the classification step is carried out at least either or both of before and\/or after the surface-crosslinking step but after said drying step, and wherein a hole shape of a classification sieve used in the classification step is an irregular polygonal or non-circular.1. A method for producing a particulate water absorbing agent containing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin as a main component, the method comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing an acrylic acid (salt)-based aqueous monomer solution so as to obtain a crosslinked hydrogel polymer; a drying step of drying said crosslinked hydrogel polymer so as to obtain a dried polymer; a classification step of classifying a polymer subjected to classification; and a surface-crosslinking step of surface-crosslinking an unsurface-crosslinked water-absorbing resin powder, wherein the classification step is carried out at least either or both of before and\/or after the surface-crosslinking step but after said drying step, and wherein a hole shape of a classification sieve used in the classification step is irregular polygonal or non-circular.","label":"Household","id":1743} +{"sentence":"Poly(meth)acrylic acid (salt)-based particulate absorbentA low cost, a disposable diaper is provided that presents no difficulties in disposable diaper manufacture in humid climates, and that has a minimal amount of flowback, and rapid absorption time. A particulate water-absorbing agent is provided having as the principal component a poly (meth)acrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbing resin, wherein the water-absorbing agent has a particle size distribution of a weight average particle diameter of 300 to 500 μm, a blocking ratio after moisture absorption when left for one hour at 25° C. and 90% relative humidity of 20% or less, a surface tension of 60 mN\/m or more, and a gel capillary absorption (GCA) of 28.0 g\/g or more.1. A particulate water-absorbing agent comprising a poly (meth)acrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin as a main component, wherein the particulate water-absorbing agent has: a weight average particle diameter (D50) of 300 to 500 μm, a blocking ratio after moisture absorption when left for one hour at 25° C. and 90% relative humidity of 20% or less, a surface tension of 60 mN\/m or more, and a gel capillary absorption (GCA) of 28.0 g\/g or more.","label":"Household","id":1744} +{"sentence":"USE OF HOLLOW BODIES FOR PRODUCING WATER-ABSORBING POLYMER STRUCTURESThe present invention relates to water-absorbing polymer structures at least partly comprising hollow bodies with a shell of an inorganic or organic material. The invention further relates to a process for producing water-absorbing polymer structures, to the water-absorbing polymer structures obtainable by this process, to a composite, to a process for producing a composite, to the composite obtainable by this process, to chemical products, for instance foams, moldings or fibers, to the use of water-absorbing polymer structures or of a composite in chemical products, for instance foams, moldings or fibers, and to the use of hollow bodies with a shell of an inorganic or organic material.1 . Water-absorbing polymer structures comprising hollow bodies comprising a shell of an inorganic or organic material.","label":"Household","id":1745} +{"sentence":"PROPYLENE COPOLYMER, POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITION AND USES THEREOF, TRANSITION METAL COMPOUND AND OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION CATALYSTAn olefin polymerization catalyst having (A) a transition metal compound (2a) or (3a) and (B) at least one compound selected from (B-1) an organometallic compound, (B-2) an organoaluminum oxy compound and (B-3) a compound capable of forming an ion pair by reacting with the transition metal compound (A).1 . A polyolefin resin composition comprising: 100 parts by weight of a propylene polymer (PP-C) and not less than 10 parts by weight of at least one elastomer selected from elastomers (EL-2) and (EL-4) obtainable by a metallocene catalyst, wherein the elastomer (EL-2) is I) a random copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms in a molar ratio of constituent units derived from ethylene to constituent units derived from α-olefin of from 80\/20 to 20\/80, and has II) an intrinsic viscosity [η] of not less than 1.5 dl\/g, III) a ratio (Mw\/Mn) of a weight average molecular weight (Mw) to a number average molecular weight (Mn), as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of from 1.0 to 3.5, and IV) a ratio of an irregularly bonded α-olefin monomer based on 2,1-insertion to all the α-olefin constituent units, as determined from a13C-NMR spectrum, of not more than 1.0 mol %; and the elastomer (EL-4) is I) a random copolymer of ethylene, propylene and an α-olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms in a molar ratio of constituent units derived from propylene to constituent units derived from α-olefin of from 80\/20 to 20\/80, and has II) a molar ratio [(EP)\/(OL)] of constituent units (EP) derived from ethylene and propylene to constituent units (OL) derived from α-olefin having 4 to 20 carbon atoms of from 99\/1 to 20\/80, III) an intrinsic viscosity [η] of not less than 1.5 dl\/g, IV) a ratio (Mw\/Mn) of a weight average molecular weight (Mw) to a number average molecular weight (Mn), as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), of from 1.0 to 3.5, V) a ratio of an irregularly bonded propylene monomer based on 2,1-insertion to all the propylene constituent units, as determined from a13C-NMR spectrum, of not more than 1.0 mol %, and a ratio of an irregularly bonded α-olefin monomer based on 2,1-insertion to all the α-olefin constituent units, as determined from a13C-NMR spectrum, of not more than 1.0 mol %; and the metallocene catalyst comprises: a transition metal compound (1a) represented by the following formula (1a) wherein R3is selected from the group consisting of a hydrocarbon group and silicon-containing group; R1, R2and R4are the same or different from one another and selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group and silicon-containing group; R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R10, R11,R12, R13and R14are the same or different from one another and selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, a hydrocarbon group and silicon-containing group; adjacent substituent groups R5to R12are optionally linked each to other to form a ring; R13and R14are the same or different each from other and are optionally linked to form a ring; M is a Group 4 transition metal; Y is a carbon atom; Q is identical or different from each other and selected from the group consisting of halogen, a hydrocarbon group, anion ligand or neutral ligand capable of coordination with a lone pair of electrons; and j is an integer of 1 to 4, an organoaluminum oxy-compound (1b) and\/or a compound (2b) capable of forming an ion pair by reacting the transition metal compound (1a) and optionally an organoaluminum compound (c).","label":"Construct","id":1746} +{"sentence":"Thermostable vinylchloride mixed polymersA process for the preparation of vinyl chloride copolymers involves free radical suspension polymerization or emulsion polymerization of a mixture of vinyl chloride, epoxide-containing vinyl monomers and further comonomers copolymerizable therewith, wherein a) from 49.5 to 90% by weight of vinyl chloride, b) from 0.01 to 0.7% by weight of epoxide-containing vinyl monomers and c) from 9.5 to 50% by weight of further comonomers copolymerizable with a) and b) are polymerized, the data in % by weight totaling 100% by weight, and from 0.001 to 0.1% by weight of one or more aliphatic or alicyclic, saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acids having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or aliphatic and alicyclic, saturated and unsaturated hydroxymono-, hydroxydi- and hydroxytricarboxylic acids having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and 1 to 4 hydroxyl groups are added during or after the polymerization, and the vinyl chloride copolymer is isolated as a solid resin.1. A process for the preparation of vinyl chloride copolymers resistant to coloration upon storage, comprising copolymerizing: a) from 49.5 to 90 weight percent vinyl chloride, b) from 0.01 to 0.4 weight percent of one or more epoxy group-containing vinyl monomers, and c) from 9.5 to 50 weight percent of copolymerizable monomers other than those of a) and b), and d) isolating a solid polyvinyl resin copolymer, wherein during or following the polymerization, but prior to isolating the solid polyvinyl resin copolymer from 0.001 to 0.1 weight percent of one or more carboxylic acids are added, said carboxylic acids selected from the group consisting of saturated mono- and dicarboxylic acids having from 2 to 10 carbon atoms and saturated and unsaturated hydroxy-substituted carboxylic acids having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, 1 to 4 hydroxyl groups, and 1 to 3 carboxylic acid groups.","label":"HouseConst","id":1747} +{"sentence":"Method for producing acrylic acidA method for producing acrylic acid, comprising (a) a absorption step of absorbing acrylic acid-containing gas obtained by oxidizing raw material gas in gas phase as crude acrylic acid-containing solution, (b 1 ) a step of separating high boiling point components that separates the crude high boiling point components at a distillation column as (b) a step of purifying the acrylic acid-containing solution, and further, (c) a decomposition step of decomposing Michael adducts contained in the high boiling point components to prepare acrylic acid and (d) a collection step of collecting acrylic acid generated in the decomposition step (c), whereby the proportion of the amount of maleic acid to a sum of the sum of the maleic acid and maleic anhydride in the high boiling point components that are fed from the high boiling point component separation step (b 1 ) to the decomposition step (c) satisfies a equation below:1. A method for producing acrylic acid, comprising (a) an absorption step of absorbing an acrylic acid-containing gas obtained by oxidizing a raw material gas in gas phase as a crude acrylic acid-containing solution; (b 1 ) a high boiling point component separation step of separating high boiling point components at a distillation column as (b) a step of purifying the crude acrylic acid-containing solution; (c) a decomposition step of decomposing Michael adducts contained in the high boiling point components to generate acrylic acid; and (d) a collection step of collecting the acrylic acid generated in the decomposition step (c), wherein a column bottom of the distillation column at the high boiling point component separation step (b 1 ) has a temperature of 90 to 130° C., a residence time of a column bottom solution is 2 to 30 hours, and a ratio of a mass of solution fed to the distillation column to a mass of extraction solution from the column bottom of the distillation column is 5 to 20, and a proportion of an amount of maleic acid to a sum of maleic acid and maleic anhydride in the high boiling point components fed from the high boiling point component separation step (b 1 ) to the decomposition step (c) satisfies equation (1) below:","label":"Process","id":1748} +{"sentence":"COATINGS FOR BARRIER FILMS AND METHODS OF MAKING AND USING THE SAMEA barrier film including a substrate, a base (co)polymer layer applied on a major surface of the substrate, an oxide layer applied on the base (co)polymer layer, and a protective (co)polymer layer applied on the oxide layer. The protective (co)polymer layer is formed as the reaction product of a first (meth)acryloyl compound and a (meth)acryl-silane compound derived from a Michael reaction between a second (meth)acryloyl compound and an aminosilane. The first and second (meth)acryloyl compounds may be the same. In some embodiments, a multiplicity of alternating layers of the oxide layer and the protective (co)polymer layer may be used. An oxide layer can be applied over the top protective (co)polymer layer. The barrier films provide, in some embodiments, enhanced resistance to moisture and improved peel strength adhesion of the protective (co)polymer layer(s) to the underlying layers. A process of making, and methods of using the barrier film are also described.1 . A barrier film, comprising: a substrate; a base (co)polymer layer on a major surface of the substrate; an oxide layer on the base (co)polymer layer; and a protective (co)polymer layer on the oxide layer, wherein the protective (co)polymer layer comprises a (co)polymer formed as a reaction product of: a first (meth)acryloyl compound, and a (meth)acryl-silane compound derived from a Michael reaction between a second (meth)acryloyl compound and an aminosilane, optionally wherein the first (meth)acryloyl compound is the same as the second (meth)acryloyl compound.","label":"Automobile","id":1749} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PREPARING SUPERABSORBENT POLYMERThe present invention relates to a method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer. The method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer according to the present invention includes the steps of: polymerizing monomer compositions in at least two polymerization reactors; grinding the polymers obtained in the polymerization step; drying the polymers; and mixing the polymers.1 . A method for preparing a superabsorbent polymer, the method comprising the steps of: polymerizing monomer compositions in at least two polymerization reactors; grinding the polymers obtained in the polymerization step; drying the polymers; and mixing the polymers.","label":"Household","id":1750} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articles comprising surface cross-linked superabsorbent polymer particles made by a method using vacuum ultraviolet radiationA method of surface cross-linking superabsorbent polymer particles using UV irradiation is provided. The method is carried out in a so-called drum reactor, which comprises a hollow drum and an irradiation source. The drum has a longitudinal axis and a cross-section. Superabsorbent polymer particles are fed into the drum and are irradiated while they move within the drum, which is rotated around its longitudinal axis. The irradiation source is provided such that the radiation emitted by the irradiation source is able to reach superabsorbent polymer particles within said drum. The irradiation source for use in the method is able to emit UV radiation of a wavelength between about 100 nm and about 200 nm.1. An absorbent article comprising surface cross-linked superabsorbent polymer (SAP) particles, said superabsorbent polymer particles being made by a method, comprising the steps of: a) providing superabsorbent polymer particles; b) providing a reactor comprising a drum, said drum having a longitudinal axis and further having a cross-section, wherein an irradiation source is provided such that the radiation emitted by said irradiation source is able to reach superabsorbent polymer particles within said drum, said irradiation source being able to emit UV radiation of a wavelength between about 100 nm and about 200 nm; c) feeding said superabsorbent polymer particles into said drum; d) moving said superabsorbent polymer particles in said drum by rotating said drum around its longitudinal axis; e) said superabsorbent polymer particles being irradiated by said irradiation source as the superabsorbent polymer particles are moved within said drum; and f) collecting said superabsorbent polymer particles leaving the drum.","label":"Household","id":1751} +{"sentence":"Removing fines from mass resins of polyvinylchlorideThe utilization of an air classifier process is effective in separating out fine-sized particles (that is, particles having a size generally less than 75 microns) from a composition of mass produced polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or PVC copolymer resin thereby producing so called normal-sized mass PVC resin particles. Such resultant normal mass PVC resin (fine free) contains very little, if any residual glassy particles and can be utilized for making thermoplastic bottles and other articles requiring low residual vinyl chloride monomer. The removal of the fines also improves the bulk handling characteristics of the normal mass PVC resin. The separated fines constitute a novel blending or extender resin and hence can be utilized in association with a PVC dispersion resin to form a plastisol. The extender resin can also be utilized as a sintering resin, as a drying resin for plasticized dry blends or as an antiblocking resin for PVC compounds.1. A particulate mass PVC resin substantially free of fines, consisting essentially of: mass produced air classified surfactant-free normal-sized PVC resin particles having a particle size of generally greater than 75 microns, wherein the amount of said mass produced air classified normal-sized PVC particles having said particle size of at least 75 microns is greater than 99.0 percent by weight, with said mass produced air classified normal-sized PVC resin particles being free of a pericellular membrane.","label":"HouseConst","id":1752} +{"sentence":"Catalysts for the oxidation and ammoxidation of olefinsCatalysts useful for the oxidation and ammoxidation of olefins contain antimony, uranium, iron, bismuth, and molybdenum in a catalytically active oxidized state. The catalysts are especially useful for the production of acrylonitrile from propylene, ammonia, and an oxygen-containing gas.1. A catalyst containing antimony, uranium, iron, bismuth, and molybdenum in a catalytically active oxidized state useful for the oxidation and ammoxidation of olefins represented by the empirical formula: [Equation] SbaUbFecBidMoeOf where a is 1 to 10, b is 0.1 to 5, c is 0.1 to 5, d is 0.001 to 0.1, e is 0.001 to 0.2, f is a number taken to satisfy the valence requirements of Sb, U, Fe, Bi, and Mo in the oxidation states in which they exist in the catalyst, the catalysts being prepared by (a) preparing a hydrated mixed oxides component containing antimony, uranium, iron, and bismuth by the steps of (i) forming a mixture of oxides or nitrates of bismuth and uranium and an oxide of antimony in nitric acid, (ii) heating the mixed oxides mixture at a temperature and for a time sufficient to induce formation of crystalline oxides of antimony, (iii) adding an aqueous solution of ferric nitrate to the mixed oxides mixture, (iv) adjusting the pH of the mixed oxides mixture to about 8, thereby forming a hydrated mixed oxide precipitate in an aqueous phase, (v) separating the hydrated mixed oxides from the aqueous phase; (b) forming an aqueous slurry of the hydrated mixed oxides component; (c) adjusting the pH of the hydrated mixed oxides component slurry to about 9; (d) adding a molybdate to the hydrated mixed oxides component slurry; (e) adjusting the pH of the hydrated mixed oxides component-molybdate component slurry to about 8-9; (f) forming the hydrated mixed oxides component-molybdate component slurry into dry particles; and (g) calcining the dry particles to form the active catalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":1753} +{"sentence":"Supported metallocene catalyst and method of preparing ethylene-based copolymer using the sameAn ethylene-based copolymer prepared using a supported hybrid metallocene catalyst is provided. The ethylene-based copolymer is prepared using a supported hybrid metallocene catalyst in which two different metallocene catalysts are supported on a support and has a bimodal or multimodal molecular weight distribution. Accordingly, the ethylene-based copolymer has superior processability, sanitation, and internal pressure creep resistance at high temperature. A supported hybrid metallocene catalyst used to prepare the ethylene-based copolymer is also provided.1 . A supported hybrid metallocene catalyst comprising a first metallocene catalyst represented by formula (1), a second metallocene catalyst represented by formula (2) or (3), a cocatalyst, and a support: (C5R1)p(C5R1)MQ3-p  (1) in which M is a Group IV transition metal; (C5R1) is a cyclopentadienyl or a cyclopentadienyl ligand substituted by a metalloid radical of a Group XIV metal substituted by a C1-20 alkyl group, a C1-10 alkoxy group, a C6-20 aryl group, a C6-10 aryloxy group, a C2-20 alkenyl group, a C7-40 alkylaryl group, a C7-40 arylalkyl group, a C8-40 arylalkenyl group, a C2-10 alkynyl group, or a hydrocarbyl; or a cyclopentadienyl or a substituted cyclopentadienyl ligand wherein two neighboring carbon atoms of C5 are connected by a hydrocarbyl radical to form at least one C4 to C8 ring; Q is a halogen atom, a C1-20 alkyl group, a C2-10 alkenyl group, a C7-40 alkylaryl group, a C7-40 arylalkyl group, a C6-20 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-20 alkylidene, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a C2-20 alkylalkoxy group, or a C7-40 arylalkoxy group; and p is 0 or 1; in which M is a Group IV transition metal; each of (C5R3), (C5R4) and (C5R5) is a cyclopentadienyl or a cyclopentadienyl ligand substituted by a metalloid radical of a Group XIV metal substituted by a C1-40 alkyl group, a C4-40 cycloalkyl group, a C1-20 alkoxy group, a C6-40 aryl group, a C6-20 aryloxy group, a C2-40 alkenyl group, a C7-40 alkylaryl group, a C7-40 arylalkyl group, a C8-40 arylalkenyl group, a C2-20 alkynyl group, or a hydrocarbyl; or a cyclopentadienyl or a substituted cyclopentadienyl ligand wherein two neighboring carbon atoms of C5 are connected by a hydrocarbyl radical to form at least one C4 to C16 ring; A is a hydrogen atom, a C1-20 alkyl group, a C2-20 alkenyl group, a C6-20 aryl group, a C7-40 alkylaryl group, a C7-40 arylalkyl group, a C1-20 alkylsilyl group, a C6-20 arylsilyl group, methoxymethyl, t-butoxymethyl, tetrahydropyranyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, 1-ethoxyethyl, 1-methyl-1-methoxyethyl, or t-butyl; Y is an oxygen or nitrogen atom; Q is a halogen atom, a C1-20 alkyl group, a C2-10 alkenyl group, a C7-40 alkylaryl group, a C7-40 arylalkyl group, a C6-20 aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted C1-20 alkylidene, a substituted or unsubstituted amino group, a C2-20 alkylalkoxy group, or a C7-40 arylalkoxy group; B is a bridge that binds two cyclopentadienyl ligands or binds a cyclopentadienyl ligand and JR9q by a covalent bond, the bridge comprising a C1-4 alkylene radical, C1-4 dialkylsilicon or dialkylgermanium, or C1-4 alkyl phosphine or amine; R9is a hydrogen atom, a C1-20 alkyl group, a C1-10 alkoxy group, a C6-20 aryl group, a C6-10 aryloxy group, a C2-20 alkenyl group, a C7-40 alkylaryl group, a C7-40 arylalkyl group, a C8-40 arylalkenyl group, or a C2-10 alkynyl group; J is a Group XV element or a Group XVI element; q is an integer of 0-3; and a, b, m, and n are identical or different and are an integer of 0-20.","label":"Catalyst","id":1754} +{"sentence":"Process for producing (meth)acrolein and (meth)acrylic acidA reaction for producing (metho)acrolein and (meth)acrylic acid by vaporn-phase oxidation of at least a compound selected from propyl-ene, isobytylene, t-bytanol and methyl-t-butyl ether. For the process Complex oxide catalysts represented by the formula, Mo a W b Bi c Fe d A e B f C g D h E i O x (in which A is Ni or Co; B is Na, K, Rb, Cs or Tl; C is an alkaline earth metal; D is P, Te, Sb, Sn, Ce, Pb, Nb, Mn, As, B or Zn; E is Si, Al, Ti or Zr; and where a is 12, 0≤b≤10, 02.3, where the first polyethylene has more short chain branching than the second polyethylene or the third polyethylene. The polyethylene composition has a soluble fraction in a CEF analysis of at least 15 weight percent. A film made from the polyethylene composition may have a machine direction 1% secant modulus of ≥200 MPa (at a film thickness of about 1 mil) and an oxygen transmission rate (OTR) of ≥700 cm3per 100 inch2per day (at a film thickness of about 1 mil). A film made from the polyethylene composition retains much of its dart impact performance on downgauging from a thickness of 1 mil to a thickness of 0.75 mil.1. A polyethylene composition comprising: from 15 to 75 wt % of a first polyethylene which is an ethylene copolymer, the first polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight Mw of from 70,000 to 250,000, a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of <2.3 and from 5 to 100 short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms; from 5 to 80 wt % of a second polyethylene which is an ethylene copolymer or an ethylene homopolymer, the second polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight Mw of less than 75,000, a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of <2.3 and from 0 to 20 short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms; and from 5 to 60 wt % of a third polyethylene which is an ethylene copolymer or an ethylene homopolymer, the third polyethylene having a weight average molecular weight Mw of from 100,000 to 300,000, a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of >2.3 and from 0 to 75 short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms; wherein the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in the first polyethylene (SCBPE-1) is greater than the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in the second polyethylene (SCBPE-2) and the third polyethylene (SCBPE-3); the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in the third polyethylene (SCBPE-3) is greater than the number of short chain branches per thousand carbon atoms in the second polyethylene (SCBPE-2); and the weight average molecular weight of the second polyethylene is less than the weight average molecular weight of the first polyethylene and the third polyethylene; wherein, the polyethylene composition has a density of ≤0.939 g\/cm3, a melt index I2, determined at 190° C., of from 0.1 to 10 dg\/min, a melt flow ratio, I21\/I2 of greater than 40 and has a soluble fraction in a crystallization elution fractionation (CEF) analysis of at least 15 weight percent.","label":"HouseConst","id":1763} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization process using triisobutylaluminum as a scavengerEthylene and optional comonomers are polymerized using a supported metallocene catalyst, an alumoxane activator, and triisobutylaluminum (TIBAL). A silica support is first pretreated with a silane compound and then with an organoboron compound. The treated silica is then combined with a Group 4 metallocene complex and an alumoxane to generate a supported, activated catalyst. While it was previously thought that the particular support treatment technique used herein provided benefits only for polymerizations catalyzed by non-metallocene single-site complexes, it has now been found that similar benefits can be realized even with conventional metallocenes if TIBAL is selected as the scavenger.1. A process which comprises polymerizing ethylene and, optionally, an alpha-olefin comonomer in the presence of a supported, activated metallocene catalyst and triisobutylaluminum to produce an ethylene polymer or copolymer; wherein the supported, activated catalyst is made by: (a) treating silica with a silane compound in an amount effective to reduce the surface hydroxyl content of the silica; (b) treating the product from step (a) with an organoboron compound; and (c) combining the product from step (b) with a Group 4 metallocene complex and an alumoxane such that the aluminum to Group 4 metal (Al\/M) molar ratio is within the range of about 20 to about 2000; and wherein the triisobutylaluminum is added to the reactor in an amount within the range of about 10 to about 1000 moles of triisobutylaluminum per mole of Group 4 metal.","label":"HouseConst","id":1764} +{"sentence":"Colloidal stable vinyl halide polymerizations with mercaptan chain transfer agentsPolymers of vinyl halides having low molecular weights, good particle characteristics, and improved melt flow are made by aqueous polymerization utilizing an effective amount of a mercaptan as a chain transfer agent, wherein the mercaptan chain transfer agent is mixed with at least one material which is non-polymerizable with vinyl chloride and wherein said non-polymerizable material is substantially insoluble in water and is miscible with said mercaptan to form a chain transfer composition, and said chain transfer composition is added before the start of the polymerization while maintaining colloidal stability.1. A process for the production of vinyl halide polymers by aqueous polymerization, comprising the use of a chain transfer composition wherein said chain transfer composition comprises (a) at least one mercaptan chain transfer agent, and (b) at least one material which is characterized by being (i) miscible with said mercaptan, (ii) substantially insoluble in water, and (iii) is non-polymerizable with said vinyl halide; and wherein all of the chain transfer composition is added to the polymerization medium prior to the start of the polymerization reaction.","label":"HouseConst","id":1765} +{"sentence":"Vinyl chloride resin compositionThe present invention provides a vinyl chloride resin composition having excellent mechanical properties. The vinyl chloride resin composition comprises a chlorinated polyolefin and a resin composition containing a vinyl chloride resin and a polyolefin resin, in which 1 to 30 parts by weight of the chlorinated polyolefin is included relative to 100 parts by weight of the resin composition including 50 to 99 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin containing 0 to 50% by weight of a plasticizer and 1 to 50 parts by weight of the polyolefin resin, and in which the chlorinated polyolefin has a heat of fusion of 10 to 100 J\/g, which is measured in accordance with a DSC method, and includes 35 to 60% by weight of chlorine in amorphous portions thereof.1 . A compatibilizer comprising a chlorinated polyolefin having a heat of fusion of 10 to 100 J\/g, which is measured by a DSC method, and containing 35 to 60% by weight of chlorine in amorphous portions thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":1766} +{"sentence":"Stirred tube reactor and method of using the sameA method of continuous polymerization using differential radial stirring is provided. Particularly suited for this method is a stirred tube reactor with a plurality of collinear stirring shafts that may rotate independently.1. A method comprising: introducing a reaction mixture comprising a polymerizable monomer and an initiator into the feed port of a stirred tube reactor, the stirred tube reactor comprising a reaction chamber, a feed port in fluid communication with the chamber, an extraction port in fluid communication with the chamber, a first shaft having first and second ends wherein the first end of the shaft extends into the chamber and the first shaft has at least one mixing member extending therefrom, a second shaft having first and second ends, wherein the first end of the second shaft extends into the chamber and the second shaft is substantially collinear with the first shaft and wherein the second shaft has at least one mixing member extending therefrom, a first driving mechanism that rotationally engages the first shaft, and a second driving mechanism that rotationally engages the second shaft; polymerizing the monomer to produce a product mixture; radially mixing the reaction mixture and product mixture as the reaction mixture and product mixture axially travel in an essentially plug flow manner through the reaction chamber to give a polymerized material.","label":"Household","id":1767} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PREPARING SUPPORTED METALLOCENE CATALYST AND METHOD FOR PREPARING POLYOLEFIN USING THE SAMEThe present invention relates to a method for preparing a supported metallocene catalyst, and a method for preparing polyolefin using the same, in which the supported metallocene catalyst prepared from the simple process according to the method for preparing the supported metallocene catalyst of the present invention can apply to the polymerization of the polyolefin that is polymerized at low pressure or high pressure; the molecular weight distribution of polyolefin prepared can be easily controlled; and there are effects such that its catalyst activity is significantly higher than that of the existed supported metallocene catalyst, and the molecular weight distribution can be easily controlled.1 . A method for preparing a supported metallocene catalyst, comprising: i) preparing the support supported with co-catalyst by reacting the support with co-catalyst 1; ii) preparing a catalyst precursor that is gradually supported with the co-catalyst and the metallocene compound in the support by reacting the metallocene compound and the support supported with the co-catalyst; and iii) preparing the metallocene catalyst by reacting the catalyst precursor and co-catalyst 2; in which the metallocene compound is one or more selected from the group consisting of the compounds represented by the following Chemistry FIG. 1 to Chemistry FIG. 3: 8 In the above Chemistry FIG. 1, 2 or 3, Cp and Cp′ are the same or different one selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl, indenyl, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-l-indenyl and fluororenyl radical to each other; Rmand Rnare the same or different hydrogen radical, alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜20, cycloalkyl radical of carbon number 3˜23, aryl radical of carbon number 6˜26, alkenyl radical of carbon number 2˜22, alkylaryl radical of of carbon number 7˜27, arylalkyl radical of carbon number 7˜27, arylalkenyl radical of carbon number 8˜28 or alkylsilyl radical of carbon number 1˜20; R1and R2are the same or different hydrogen radical or hydrocarbyl radical of carbon number 1˜6; a, a′, b or b′ are an integer of 1˜4, respectively; M is a transition metal in group 4B, group 5B or group 6B of the periodic table; Q is a halogen radical, or alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜20, alkenyl radical of carbon number 2˜22, aryl radical of carbon number 6˜26, alkylaryl radical of carbon number 7˜27, arylalkyl radical of carbon number 7˜27; or alkylidene radical of carbon number 1˜20, k is 2 or 3, z is 0 or 1, and when k is 3, z is 0; B is one selected from the group consisting of alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜4, or hydrocarbyl radical including silicon, germanium, phosphorus, nitrogen, boron or aluminum; In the Chemistry FIG. 3, J is one selected from the group consisting of NRs, O, PRsand S, the Rs is alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜20 or substituted alkyl radical; Any one of hydrogen radical located at the Rm, Rn, B or Rsis the compound represented by Chemistry FIG. 4, 5 or 6] [In the above Chemistry FIG. 4, Z is oxygen atom or sulfur atom, and preferably oxygen atom; R and R′ are the same or different hydrogen radical; alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜20, cycloalkyl radical of carbon number 3˜23, aryl radical of carbon number 6˜26, alkenyl radical of carbon number 2˜22, alkylaryl radical of of carbon number 7˜27, arylalkyl radical of carbon number 7˜27, arylalkenyl radical of carbon number 8˜28, or preferably the same or different alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜20; two of R′ may be connected to each other to form a ring; G is alkoxy radical of carbon number 1˜20, aryloxy of carbon number 6˜26, alkylthio of carbon number 1˜20, arylthio of carbon number 6˜26, phenyl or substituted phenyl of carbon number 1˜20, or preferably alkoxyl of carbon number 1˜20, and may be connected to R′ to form a ring; When Z is sulfur atom, G should be alkoxy or aryloxy; When G is alkylthio, arylthio, phenyl or substituted phenyl, Z should be oxygen atom] [In the above Chemistry FIG. 5, Z′ is oxygen atom or sulfur atom, or preferably oxygen atom, at least one of two Z′ is oxygen atom; R and R″ are the same or different alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜20, cycloalkyl radical of carbon number 3˜23, aryl radical of carbon number 6˜26, alkenyl radical of carbon number 2˜22, alkylaryl radical of of carbon number 7˜27, arylalkyl radical of carbon number 7˜27, arylalkenyl radical of carbon number 8˜28, or preferably the same or different alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜20; two of R′ may be connected to each other to form a ring; R and R″, or two R″s may be connected to each other to form a ring] [In the above Chemistry FIG. 6, Z″ is oxygen, sulfur, nitrogen, phosphorus or arsenic atom, or preferably oxygen atom; R′″ is the same or different hydrogen radical, alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜40, cycloalkyl radical of carbon number 3˜43, aryl radical of carbon number 6˜46, alkenyl radical of carbon number 2˜42, alkylaryl radical of carbon number 7˜47, arylalkyl radical of carbon number 7˜47 or arylalkenyl radical of carbon number 8˜48 to each other, preferably the same or different alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜40 to each other; R″″ is hydrogen radical, alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜40, aryl radical of carbon number 6˜46, alkenyl radical of carbon number 2˜42, alkyaryl radical of carbon number 7˜47, alkylsilyl radical of carbon number 1˜40, arylsilyl radical of carbon number 6˜46, phenyl or substituted phenyl of carbon number 6˜46 to each other, preferably alkyl radical of carbon number 1˜40; n is 1 or 2, or preferably 1, when Z″ is oxygen or sulfur, n is 1; when Z″ is nitrogen, phosphorus or arsenic, n is 2]","label":"Catalyst","id":1768} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-based polymers and compositions, methods of making the same and articles prepared therefromThe invention provides an ethylene-based interpolymer comprising the following features: a) density from 0.910 to 0.930 g\/cc; b) melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.5 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area. The invention also provides a composition comprising an ethylene-based interpolymer that comprises the following features: a) a density from 0.919 to 0.928 g\/cc; b) a melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.8 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area. The invention also provides a hollow tube comprising at least one component formed from a composition comprising an ethylene-based interpolymer that comprises the following features: a) a density from 0.919 to 0.928 g\/cc; b) a melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.8 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area; and wherein the tube has a hydrostatic design basis (HDB) of at least 1000-psi at 23° C. per ASTM D-2837 regression method.1. An ethylene-based interpolymer comprising the following features: a) a density from 0.910 to 0.930 g\/cc; b) a melt index (I2) from 0.1 to 0.5 g\/10 min; and c) a high density fraction in an ATREF short chain branch distribution (SCBD) curve, eluting above 92° C., of greater than 10 percent to less than 28 percent of the total ATREF SCBD curve area.","label":"Construct","id":1769} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acrylic acidThe process for the distillation of a gas mixture comprising (meth)acrylic acid obtained from the gas-phase oxidation of at least one (meth)acrylic acid precursors is improved through the use of coupled distillation columns. In a first column, the gaseous mixture is dehydrated while in a second column, the dehydrated gaseous mixture is distilled into product, overhead and bottoms streams.1. A process for the recovery of (meth)acrylic acid, the process comprising: A. Cooling a gaseous reaction mixture comprising (meth)acrylic acid, the mixture obtained from the gas-phase oxidation of at least one (meth)acrylic acid precursor; B. Dehydrating the cooled gas mixture in a dehydration column to produce a dehydration column overhead stream and a dehydration column bottoms stream, wherein the dehydrating is carried out without using a solvent that forms an azeotrope with water; C. At least partially condensing the dehydration column overhead stream to form a condensate, and returning at least a portion of the condensate to the dehydration column as reflux; D. Dividing the dehydration column bottoms stream into at least first and second dehydration column bottom streams, and passing at least a portion of one of the first and second dehydration column bottoms stream to a dehydration column heater\/reboiler and passing at least a portion of the other dehydration column bottoms stream to the upper half of a second column; E. Subjecting the portion of the bottoms stream passed to the second column to distillation within the second column to produce at least a second column overhead stream and a second column bottoms stream comprising heavy components; F. At least partially condensing the second column overhead stream to form a second overhead condensate, and passing at least a portion of the second overhead condensate to the dehydration column heater\/reboiler; and G. Passing at least a portion of the second column bottoms stream to a second column heater\/reboiler.","label":"Process","id":1770} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition and pneumatic tireProvided are a rubber composition achieving balanced improvement in processability, fuel economy, rubber strength, abrasion resistance, and wet-grip performance, and a pneumatic tire thereof. The rubber composition includes a conjugated diene polymer and a silica having N2SA of 40-400 m2\/g, the polymer being obtained by polymerizing a monomer component including a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound in the presence of a polymerization initiator of formula (I): to produce a copolymer, and reacting a compound containing nitrogen and\/or silicon atoms with an active terminal of the copolymer, wherein the amount of the diene polymer is 1-60% by mass and the amount of polyisoprene-based rubber is 0-99% by mass, each per 100% by mass of the rubber component; the amount of the silica is 10-80 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component; and the composition has a carbon ratio of at least 50.1. A rubber composition, comprising a conjugated diene polymer, and a silica having a nitrogen adsorption specific surface area of 40 to 400 m2\/g, the conjugated diene polymer being obtained by polymerizing a monomer component including a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound in the presence of a polymerization initiator represented by the following formula (I): wherein i represents 0 or 1; R11represents a C1-100 hydrocarbylene group; R12and R13each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group or a trihydrocarbylsilyl group, or R12and R13are bonded to each other to form a hydrocarbylene group optionally containing at least one, as a hetero atom, selected from the group consisting of a silicon atom, a nitrogen atom, and an oxygen atom; and M represents an alkali metal atom, to produce a copolymer, and then reacting a compound containing at least one of a nitrogen atom and a silicon atom with an active terminal of the copolymer, wherein an amount of the conjugated diene polymer is 1 to 60% by mass and an amount of a polyisoprene-based rubber is 0 to 99% by mass, each based on 100% by mass of a rubber component of the rubber composition, an amount of the silica is 10 to 80 parts by mass for each 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, and the rubber composition has a carbon ratio of more than 50.","label":"Automobile","id":1771} +{"sentence":"Plasticizer blends of ketal compoundsThe present invention is directed to formulations including a polymer and a plasticizer composition. The plasticizer composition is a blend of an alkyl ketal ester plasticizer and a second plasticizer selected from a cycloaliphatic compound, an ortho phthalate compound, a terephthalate compound, a benzoate ester compound, and a bio-based compound. The plasticizer composition is at least 10% by weight of the total of the polymer and the plasticizer composition.1. A formulation comprising: a polymer; and a plasticizer composition wherein the plasticizer composition comprises a blend of i) a first compound having a structure corresponding to Structure Ic and ii) a second compound selected from a cycloaliphatic compound, an ortho phthalate compound, a terephthalate compound, a benzoate ester compound, and a bio-based compound; the cycloaliphatic compound having a structure corresponding to Structure II wherein R7and R8are each independently an optionally substituted linear or branched alkyl each having between 6 and 10 carbon atoms; wherein the plasticizer composition is at least 10% by weight of the total of the polymer and the plasticizer composition.","label":"HouseConst","id":1772} +{"sentence":"Polymer compositionA polypropylene composition comprising: A) from 30% to 90% by weight of a propylene polymer composition comprising: a1) from 20% to 90% of a propylene homopolymer, or a copolymer of propylene containing 3% or less of derived units of ethylene or C4-C10 α-olefin(s) or of combinations thereof, said homopolymer or copolymer having a content of isotactic pentads (mmmm), measured by13C NMR on the fraction insoluble in xylene at 25° C., higher than 96; a2) from 10% to 80%, of a copolymer of ethylene containing from 40% to 70% of derived units of propylene or C4-C10 α-olefin(s) or of combinations thereof; B) from 10% to 70% by weight of a multimodal ethylene copolymer wherein the comonomer is selected from the derived units of alpha olefins of formula CH2═CHT wherein T is a C3-C10 alkyl group; having the following properties: i) density (with ISO 1183) comprised in the range from 0.850 to 0.935 g\/cm3; ii) total comonomer content ranging from 6% to 30% by weight; iii) content of 1-butene derived units ranging from 0 to 2% by weight; iv) Mw\/Mn comprised from 4 to 20; v) intrinsic viscosity (decalin at 135° C. as determined according to EN IS0 1628-312003) comprised between 1.0 and 4.0 dL\/g, and C) from 0 to 50% by weight; preferably from 0 to 20% of a filler.1. A polyolefin composition comprising: A) from 30% to 90% by weight of a propylene polymer composition A) comprising: a1) from 20% to 90% of a propylene homopolymer, or a copolymer of propylene containing 3% or less of derived units of ethylene or C4-C10 α-olefin(s) or of combinations thereof, said homopolymer or copolymer having a content of isotactic pentads (mmmm), measured by13C NMR on the fraction insoluble in xylene at 25° C., higher than 96%; a2) from 10% to 80%, of a copolymer of ethylene containing from 40% to 70% of derived units of propylene or C4-C10 α-olefin(s) or of combinations thereof, wherein the propylene polymer composition A) has a melt flow rate from 15 to 45 g\/10 min; and B) from 10% to 70% by weight of a multimodal ethylene copolymer wherein the comonomer is selected from the derived units of alpha olefins of formula CH2═CHT wherein T is a C3-C10 alkyl group; having the following properties: i) a density (with ISO 1183) from 0.850 to 0.935 g\/cm3; ii) a total comonomer content from 6% to 30% by weight; iii) a content of 1-butene derived units from 0 to 2% by weight; iv) a Mw\/Mn from 4 to 20; and v) an intrinsic viscosity (decalin at 135° C. as determined according to EN ISO 1628-312003) between 1.0 and 4.0 dL\/g, and C) from 0 to 50% by weight of a filler.","label":"Construct","id":1773} +{"sentence":"Hydrophobic aerogel materialsThe present disclosure provides an aerogel composition which is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which also has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Also provided is a method of preparing an aerogel composition which is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Further provided is a method of improving the hydrophobicity, the liquid water uptake, the heat of combustion, or the onset of thermal decomposition temperature of an aerogel composition.1. A method comprising: a) Providing a precursor solution comprising silica gel precursor materials and a solvent; b) Combining the precursor solution with a reinforcement material; c) Allowing the silica gel precursor materials in the precursor solution to transition into a gel composition to form a reinforced, silica-based gel composition; d) Extracting at least a portion of the solvent from the reinforced, silica-based gel composition to obtain a reinforced, silica-based aerogel composition; and e) Exposing the reinforced, silica-based aerogel composition to heat treatment in a reduced oxygen atmosphere, wherein the heat treatment includes exposure to one or more temperatures between 500° C. and 700° C., and wherein the total duration of heat treatment in reduced oxygen atmosphere of the reinforced, silica-based aerogel composition is between 1 minute and 30 minutes; wherein the method further comprises incorporating at least one hydrophobic-bound silicon into the reinforced, silica-based aerogel composition prior to step e).","label":"IndustConst","id":1774} +{"sentence":"Mixed Polymer Superabsorbent Fibers And Method For Their PreparationA method for making mixed polymer composite fibers in which a carboxyalkyl cellulose and a galactomannan polymer or a glucomannan polymer are blended in water to provide an aqueous solution; the aqueous solution treated with a first crosslinking agent to provide a gel; the gel is formed into get fibers using melt blowing, centrifugal spinning, wet spinning or dry-jet wet spinning; and the fibers treated with water miscible solvent to form mixed polymer composite fibers. The fiber has a diameter in the range of 50 μm to 1000 μm.1 . A method for making mixed polymer composite fibers, comprising: (a) blending a carboxyalkyl cellulose and a galactomannan polymer or glucomannan polymer in water to provide an aqueous solution; (b) treating the aqueous solution with a first crosslinking agent to provide a gel; (c) forming gel fibers from the get using melt blowing, centrifugal spinning, wet spinning, or dry-jet wet spinning, (d) treating the gel fibers with a water-miscible solvent to provide mixed polymer composite fibers.","label":"Household","id":1775} +{"sentence":"Single catalyst low, medium and high density polyethylenesA method of polymerizing olefins comprising combining in one embodiment ethylene and optionally one or more α-olefins with a catalyst composition in a continuous polymerization reactor at a pressure of less than 10,000 kPa; wherein the catalyst composition comprises a hafnocene; and isolating a polyethylene having a density in the range of from 0.930 to 0.975 g\/cm3. Also provided is a method of transitioning a continuous polymerization reactor from production of a low density polyethylene to a medium or high density polyethylene. Also provided is a medium to high density polyethylene suitable for injection or rotomolding applications. Also provided is a single catalyst composition suitable for such needs.1. A method for transitioning within a single reactor from a first polyethylene product to a second polyethylene product, comprising: (a) operating the reactor at a pressure of less than 10,000 kPa with a first molar ratio of hydrogen to ethylene and a first molar ratio of comonomer to ethylene; (b) withdrawing a first polyethylene product; (c) altering one or both of the molar ratio of hydrogen to ethylene and the molar ratio of comonomer to ethylene to achieve a second molar ratio of hydrogen to ethylene and a second molar ratio of comonomer to ethylene; and (d) withdrawing a second polyethylene product; wherein the transition takes place using the same catalyst composition and wherein the density of the first polyethylene product is less than or equal to 0.920 g\/cm3, and the density of the second polyethylene product is greater than or equal to 0.935 g\/cm3, or wherein the transition takes place using the same catalyst composition and wherein the I2 of the first polyethylene product is less than or equal to 8, and the I2 of the second polyethylene product is greater than or equal to 12.","label":"HouseConst","id":1776} +{"sentence":"Single catalyst low, medium and high density polyethylenesA method of polymerizing olefins comprising combining in one embodiment ethylene and optionally one or more α-olefins with a catalyst composition in a continuous polymerization reactor at a pressure of less than 10,000 kPa; wherein the catalyst composition comprises a hafnocene; and isolating a polyethylene having a density in the range of from 0.930 to 0.975 g\/cm3. Also provided is a method of transitioning a continuous polymerization reactor from production of a low density polyethylene to a medium or high density polyethylene. Also provided is a medium to high density polyethylene suitable for injection or rotomolding applications. Also provided is a single catalyst composition suitable for such needs.1. A method of polymerizing olefins comprising combining ethylene at a partial pressure of at least 1300 kPa and optionally one or more α-olefins selected from the group consisting of 1 -hexene, 1-butene, and mixtures thereof, with a catalyst composition in a continuous polymerization reactor at a pressure of less than 10,000 kPa; wherein the catalyst composition comprises bis(n-propylcyclopentadienyl)hafnium dichloride and an activator; and isolating a polyethylene having a density in the range of from 0.930 to 0.975 g\/cm3; and further characterized in that as the molar ratio of α-olefin to ethylene present in the reactor ranges from 0 to 0.20, the catalyst productivity does not vary by more than 30%.","label":"HouseConst","id":1777} +{"sentence":"PULVERIZER, ABSORBER MANUFACTURING APPARATUS PROVIDED WITH THE SAME, AND PULP SHEET PULVERIZING METHODProvided are a pulverizer that enables to uniformly pulverize a pulp sheet in the axial direction of a rotary shaft, an absorber manufacturing apparatus provided with the same, and a pulp sheet pulverizing method. A plurality of cutter plates are disposed away from each other at an interval in the axial direction of a rotary shaft. Each of the cutter plates includes a plurality of pulverizing blades aligned circumferentially along the outer periphery edge of the cutter plate. At least one of the cutter plates is fixed to the rotary shaft in a state that the cutter plate is inclined with respect to a direction orthogonal to the rotary shaft.1 . A pulverizer for pulverizing a pulp sheet, comprising: a casing into which the pulp sheet is introduced; and a rotary blade including a plurality of cutter plates accommodated in the casing, and a rotary shaft fixed to the cutter plates in a state that the rotary shaft passes through the cutter plates in a thickness direction of the cutter plates, wherein the cutter plates are disposed away from each other at an interval in an axial direction of the rotary shaft, each of the cutter plates includes a plurality of pulverizing blades aligned circumferentially along an outer periphery edge of the cutter plate, and at least one of the cutter plates is fixed to the rotary shaft in a state that the at least one of the cutter plate is inclined with respect to a direction orthogonal to the rotary shaft.","label":"IndustConst","id":1778} +{"sentence":"Unsaturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer process for producing same and vulcanizable rubber compositionAn saturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer obtained by copolymerizing acrylonitrile with butadiene in the presence of a free radical initiator and an alkylthiol compound as a molecular weight modifier. A part of the molecular weight modifier is incorporated in a monomer charge before polymerization, and the remainder thereof is incorporated in a polymerization mixture during polymerization. The alkylthiol compound has 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and further has a sulfur atom directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms. The copolymer has a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 150 and contains 3 to 20 weight % of a fraction having a number average molecular weight of not larger than 35,000. The copolymer is used in combination with a sulfur-containing vulcanizer.1. An unsaturated nitrile-conjugated diene copolymer having at least 0.03 mole, per 100 moles of the monomeric units constituting the copolymer molecule, of an alkylthio group with 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and further with a sulfur atom directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms; said copolymer having a Mooney viscosity of 15 to 150 and containing 3 to 20% by weight of a low-molecular-weight fraction having a number average molecular weight of not larger than 35,000.","label":"IndustConst","id":1779} +{"sentence":"Process for producing modified conjugated diene-based polymer, modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and polymer compositionAn object of the present invention is to provide a process for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer suitable for preparing a polymer composition excellent in the fuel cost saving effect. The present invention provides a process for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising reacting a conjugated diene-based polymer having a monomer unit based on a conjugated diene compound and a monomer unit based on a compound represented by the following formula (1), with an organometallic compound, and reacting the resulting reaction product with a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound: wherein R11, R12, R13, R14and R15each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, at least one of R11, R12, R13, R14and R15is an alkyl group, R16, R17and R18each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group, R19represents a hydrocarbylene group, and k represents 0 or 1.1. A process for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising reacting a conjugated diene-based polymer having a monomer unit based on a conjugated diene compound and a monomer unit based on a compound represented by the following formula (1) with an organometallic compound selected from a group consisting of an organolithium compound, an organosodium compound, and an organopotassium compound, and reacting the resulting reaction product with a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound: wherein R11, R12, R13, R14and R15each represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group, at least one of R11, R12, R13, R14and R15is an alkyl group, R16, R17and R18each represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbyl group, R19represents a hydrocarbylene group, and k represents 0 or 1, wherein the organolithium compound comprises a hydrocarbyllithium compound or a hydrocarbylenedilithium compound, the organosodium compound comprises sodium naphthalenide or sodium biphenylenide, and the organopotassium compound comprises potassium naphthalenide, and wherein the content of the monomer unit based on the compound represented by the formula (1) is 0.01% by weight or more and 0.5% by weight or less, letting the total amount of the monomer unit contained in the conjugated diene-based polymer be 100% by weight.","label":"Automobile","id":1780} +{"sentence":"Branched styrene-butadiene copolymers and pneumatic tires using the sameA branched styrene-butadiene copolymer and a pneumatic tire using the same as a tread base rubber are disclosed. This copolymer is produced by coupling an active styrene-butadiene copolymer anion, which is obtained by polymerizing styrene and butadiene in a hydrocarbon solvent in the presence of ether or a tertiary amine and an initiator of an organolithium compound, with a tin halide compound. In the copolymer, the ratio of branched copolymer connected with tin-butadienyl bond is at least 20% by weight, and the content of bound styrene is not less than 3% by weight but less than 25% by weight, and the content of vinyl bond in butadiene portion is not less than 30% but less than 50%.1. A branched styrene-butadiene copolymer obtained by coupling an active styrene-butadiene copolymer anion, prepared by the process comprising (a) polymerizing styrene and butadiene in the presence of ether or a tertiary amine and an initiator of an organolithium compound in a hydrocarbon solvent, (b) adding 1 to 20 mole of 1,3 butadiene per 1 gram atom of lithium in the initiator to the resulting polymer of step (a), and (c) coupling the resulting styrene butadiene copolymer of step (b) with a tin halide compound, wherein : (I) a content of branched copolymer connected with tin-butadienyl bond in said copolymer is at least 20% by weight; (II) a content of bound styrene in said copolymer is not less than 3% by weight but less than 25% by weight; and (III) a content of vinyl bond in the butadiene portion of said copolymer is not less than 30% but less than 50%.","label":"Automobile","id":1781} +{"sentence":"Oxygen storage material, process for its preparation and its application in a catalystAn oxygen storage material comprising cerium oxide and at least one second oxide of a metal M 1 is disclosed as well as a process for manufacturing the material and the use of this material in an exhaust gas cleaning catalyst. In a preferred embodiment the oxygen storage material comprises particles from a Ce\/M 1 mixed oxide solid solution coated with an oxide of another metal M 2 . Metal M 1 e.g. can be calcium or zirconium while metal M 2 most preferably is aluminum.1 . An oxygen storage material comprising cerium oxide and at least one second oxide of a metal M 1 selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metal, rare earth metal, zirconium, zinc, cobalt, copper and manganese wherein the cerium oxide and the second metal oxide form Ce\/M 1 mixed oxide particles.","label":"Catalyst","id":1782} +{"sentence":"Purification of trimethylolpropaneTrimethylolpropane prepared in alkali solution by the condensation of n-butyraldehyde and formaldehyde is purified by extraction of the trimethylolpropane from the process effluent with a first solvent and the subsequent addition of a second solvent to the extract to further reduce the content of water and alkali salts. The first solvent may be recovered from the trimethylolpropane containing mixture by a simple distillation. The remaining mixture of trimethylolpropane and the second solvent may be separated by settling and decanting. In a preferred embodiment isobutanol is the first solvent and xylene is the second solvent.1. A proces for the purification of trimethylolpropane prepared by the condensation of n-butyraldehyde and formaldehyde in the presence of an aqueous alkali reaction medium which consists of the following steps: 1. extracting the trimethylolpropane from the aqueous alkali medium by the addition of 2 volumes of isobutanol per volume of aqueous alkali feed; 2. diluting the isobutanol\/trimethylolpropane extract with 1 volume of xylene per volume of isobutanol initially used; 3. distilling the xylene\/isobutanol\/trimethylolpropane so as to recover the isobutanol as an overhead stream; 4. cooling the xylene trimethylolpropane bottom stream from the aforementioned distillation step so as to allow the trimethylolpropane to separate from the xylene.","label":"Process","id":1783} +{"sentence":"Foamable polyvinyl chloride compound tolerant of high heat conditionsA foamable PVC compound is disclosed. The compound comprises polyvinyl chloride, heat deflection temperature modifier, and optionally, a blowing agent. Conventional additives are optionally present. Profile extruded, foamed articles can be made with the compound.1 . A foamable polyvinyl chloride compound, comprising: polyvinyl chloride, heat deflection temperature modifier, and optionally, a blowing agent, wherein the amount of heat deflection temperature modifier is at least 25 parts per 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride.","label":"IndustConst","id":1784} +{"sentence":"Cross-linked synthetic polymers having a porous structure, a high absorption rate for water, aqueous solutions and body fluids, a process for their production and their use in the absorption and\/or retention of water and\/or aqueous liquidsThe present invention relates to cross-linked synthetic polymers based on acrylic acid and its derivatives, which have a high absorption capacity and an improved absorption rate for water, aqueous solutions and body fluids, to a process for their production by radical polymerization under such conditions that polymers are obtained which have a porous structure and a swelling degree-dependent particle density so that the polymer particles are floatable in water or aqueous liquids. The present invention further relates to the use of these polymers for the absorption and\/or retention of water and for the release of water and\/or an active substance solution to a surrounding medium. The porous structure of the polymers is formed by nitrogen dispersed in the polymer, with at least one azo compound being added to the aqueous monomer solution as polymerization initiator and blowing agent, which azo compound has a half-time of at least 10 hours at a temperature of 30° to 120° C.1. A water-swellable, cross-linked, particulate polymer based on acrylic acid and its derivatives and having a porous structure, a high absorption capacity, and a high absorption rate for water and\/or liquids, characterized in that the porous structure is formed by nitrogen dispersed in the polymer and that the polymer particles in dry condition have a density of above 1.0 g\/cm3and in swollen condition have a density of below 1.0 g\/cm3; wherein said polymer is formed in the presence of at least one cross-linking di- or polyfunctional monomers; and wherein said polymer is formed in the presence of an initiator and blowing agent comprising at least one azo compound in an amount of between 0.1 to 5.0% wt., relative to the total monomer solution.","label":"Household","id":1785} +{"sentence":"CO2 recovery system and CO2 recovery methodA CO2 recovery system includes an absorber 2 and a regenerator 3 . The absorber 2 includes a CO2 absorbing section 21 and a water-washing section 22 . The CO2 absorbing section 21 allows flue gas 101 to come into contact with a basic amine compound absorbent 103 so that the basic amine compound absorbent 103 absorbs CO2 in the flue gas 101 . The water-washing section 22 allows the decarbonated flue gas 101 A in which the amount of CO2 has been reduced in the CO2 absorbing section 21 to come into contact with circulating wash water 104 and to be washed with the wash water 104 so that the amounts of the basic amine compounds entrained in the decarbonated flue gas 101 A are reduced. The regenerator 3 releases CO2 from the basic amine compound absorbent 103 the CO2 absorbed therein.1. A CO2 recovery method, comprising the steps of: bringing flue gas into contact with a basic amine compound absorbent so that the basic amine compound absorbent absorbs CO2 contained in the flue gas; washing the decarbonated flue gas in which an amount of CO2 has been reduced with circulating wash water by bringing the decarbonated flue gas into contact with the wash water so that amounts of basic amine compounds entrained in the decarbonated flue gas are reduced; releasing CO2 from the basic amine compound absorbent containing the CO2 absorbed therein; and concentrating the wash water and delivering condensed water generated during concentration to the step of washing with the wash water; wherein the step of washing the decarbonated flue gas in which an amount of CO2 has been reduced with circulating wash water by bringing the decarbonated flue gas into contact with the wash water so that amounts of basic amine compounds entrained in the decarbonated flue gas are reduced is performed at a plurality of stages in a flow path through which the decarbonated flue gas flows upward, and wherein, in the step of concentrating the wash water, the wash water from the step of washing performed at an uppermost stage is concentrated to form a concentrated solution, the concentrated solution being delivered to the step of washing performed at a lower stage in the flow path, the condensed water being returned to the step of washing performed at the uppermost stage.","label":"Process","id":1786} +{"sentence":"Powdery polymers capable of absorbing aqueous liquids, a process for their production and their use as absorbentsThe present invention relates to powdery, insoluble, water-swellable, cross-linked polymers absorbing water, aqueous or serous liquids, which are formed of a) 55-99.9%-wt. polymerized unsaturated, polymerizable acid-groups--comprising monomers which are neutralized to the extent of at least 25 mol-%, b) 0-40%-wt. polymerized unsaturated monomers which are co-polymerizable with a), c) 0.1-5.0%-wt. of a cross-linking agent, and d) 0-30%-wt. of a water-soluble polymer, with the weight amounts of a) to d) being relative to anhydrous polymer, and the polymer powder is heated with an at least bifunctional compound reactive with acid groups to a temperature of 150° C.-250° C. under cross-linkage of the surface, and the polymer powder that is thus already surface-cross-linked is subjected to a repeated surface-cross-linking treatment using an at least bifunctional compound reactive with acid groups at a temperature of 150° to 250° C. The present invention further relates to a process for the production of these polymers and to their use as absorbents for water and aqueous liquids, in particular in constructions for the absorption of body fluids, and in current-conducting or light-transmitting cables, as component in packing materials, as soil improver, and as artificial soil for plant breeding.1. A powdery, insoluble, water-swellable, cross-linked polymer absorbing water, aqueous or serous liquids, which is formed of a) 55-99.9%-wt. polymerized unsaturated, polymerizable acid-groups-comprising monomers which are neutralized to the extent of at least 25 mol-%, b) 0-40%-wt. polymerized unsaturated monomers which are copolymerizable with a), c) 0.1-5.0%-wt. of a cross-linking agent, and d) 0-30%-wt. of a water-soluble polymer, with the weight amounts of a) to d) being relative to anhydrous polymer, and the polymer powder is heated with 0.1-5%-wt. of an at least bi-functional compound reactive with acid groups to a temperature of 150° C.-250° C. under cross-linkage of the surface, wherein the improvement comprising subjecting the polymer powder once more to the surface-cross-linking treatment with 0.1-5%-wt. of an at least bifunctional compound reactive with acid groups at a temperature of 150° C.-250° C.","label":"Household","id":1787} +{"sentence":"Method for producing modified conjugated diene-based polymer, modified conjugated diene-based polymer, and modified conjugated diene-based polymer compositionA method for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a good balance between the hysteresis loss properties and the wet skid resistance, practically sufficient abrasion resistance and breaking strength, and high processability when formed into a vulcanized product is provided. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing a conjugated diene compound, copolymerizing conjugated diene compounds, or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound using an alkali metal compound or an alkaline earth metal compound as a polymerization initiator to obtain a conjugated diene-based polymer having an active end, and a modifying step of reacting a compound represented by following formula (1) with the active end of the conjugated diene-based copolymer.1. A modified conjugated diene-based polymer which comprises two silyl groups having an alkoxy group bonded thereto and which comprises a functional group including a secondary amino group within a molecule, wherein a degree of modification is not less than 50% by mass, the degree of modification being determined by an amount to be adsorbed to a column filled with silica particles by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurement using the column, the ratio (Mw\/Mn) of the polystyrene equivalent weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the polystyrene equivalent number average molecular weight (Mn) by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) measurement in the modified conjugated diene-based polymer is not less than 1.80 and not more than 3.50, and the Mooney stress-relaxation rate (MSR) of the modified conjugated diene-based polymer measured at 110° C. is not more than 0.35.","label":"Automobile","id":1788} +{"sentence":"Refrigeration system and refrigeration method thereofA refrigeration system and refrigeration method thereof utilizing the principle of thermodynamics comprises a compressor, an air cooler connected to the compressor, an expander having a first end connected to the air cooler, a second end connected to the compressor, and a third end as an outlet wherein air pressure and air temperature are increased by the compressor, the pressurized high temperature air is fed to the air cooler, the pressurized low temperature air is fed to the expander for converting enthalpy of air into work to activate the compressor, energy contained in the air at the outlet of the expander is decreased, and temperature at the outlet of the expander is decreased. According to the present invention power is recycled in the process of conversion.1 . A refrigeration method comprising the steps of employing a reversed Brayton cycle, making air being drawn into a compressor for compression by atmospheric pressure and constant-pressure cooling, and feeding the air from the compressor to an expander for isothermal expansion so as to decrease enthalpy of a body to a predetermined temperature.","label":"Process","id":1789} +{"sentence":"Functionalized monomers for synthesis of rubbery polymersThe present invention relates to a rubbery polymer which is comprised of repeat units that are derived from (1) at least one conjugated diolefin monomer, and (2) at least one functionalized monomer of the structural formula: wherein the R′ groups in repeat units and in different repeat units can be the same or different and represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, wherein x represents an integer from 1 to about 10, and wherein the R groups in repeat units and in different repeat units can be the same or different and represent alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.1. A process for synthesizing a rubbery polymer that comprises copolymerizing at least one conjugated diolefin monomer and at least one functionalized monomer in an organic solvent at a temperature which is within the range of 20° C. to about 100° C., wherein the polymerization is initiated with an anionic initiator, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the absence of conventional polar modifiers, and wherein the functionalized monomer is of the structural formula: wherein the R′ groups in repeat units and in different repeat units can be the same or different and represent hydrogen atoms or alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 4 carbon atoms, wherein x represents an integer from 1 to about 10, and wherein the R groups in repeat units and in different repeat units can be the same or different and represent alkyl groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or alkoxy groups containing from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":1790} +{"sentence":"Hydrogenation of carbonyl compoundsIn a process for the catalytic hydrogenation of a carbonyl compound or a mixture of two or more carbonyl compounds in the presence of catalyst tablets which comprise an inorganic, TiO 2 -containing support and, as active component, copper or a mixture of copper with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, cerium, nobel metals and metals of transition group VIII and whose copper surface area is not more than 10 m 2 \/g, the diameter d and\/or the height h of the tablets is less than 3 mm.1. A process for the catalytic hydrogenation of an aliphatic hydroxyaldehyde or a mixture of two or more of these aldehydes in the presence of catalyst tablets which comprise an inorganic, TiO 2 -containing support and, as active component, copper or a mixture of copper with at least one metal selected from the group consisting of zinc, aluminum, cerium, nobel metals and metals of transition group VIII and whose copper surface area is not more than 10 m 2 \/g, metallic copper powder being added to the catalyst material prior to tabletting, wherein the diameter d and\/or the height h of the tablets is in each case 1.5 mm.","label":"Process","id":1791} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PRODUCING WATER-ABSORBING POLYMER PARTICLESA process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles, comprising the addition of a solid additive to a polymer gel by means of a conveying screw ( 1 ), wherein the solid additive and a gas volume flow are fed to the conveying screw ( 1 ) by means of an addition channel ( 2 ).11 . A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears acid groups and may be at least partly neutralized, b) at least one crosslinker, c) optionally one or more ethylenically and\/or allylically unsaturated monomer copolymerizable with the monomer mentioned under a), and d) optionally one or more water-soluble polymers, in a kneading reactor, which comprises metering an inert gas into the kneading reactor via at least two addition points.","label":"Household","id":1792} +{"sentence":"Water absorbent agentProvided is a water-absorbing agent which maintains a certain degree of liquid permeability and water absorption speed while also reducing re-wet in a disposable diaper, without the use of costly raw materials or costly apparatuses. The water-absorbing agent of the present invention contains a polyacrylic acid salt-based water-absorbing resin as a main component and has physical properties falling within a specific range, the physical properties being saline flow conductivity (SFC), gap fluid retention property under pressure, and a proportion of particles having a particle diameter of not less than 150 μm and less than 710 μm.1. A water-absorbing agent comprising: a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbing resin as a main component, said water-absorbing agent satisfying (A) to (C) below: (A) a saline flow conductivity (SFC) is not less than 20×10−7·cm3·s·g−1; (B) a gap fluid retention property under pressure is not less than 9 g\/g; and (C) a proportion of particles having a particle diameter of not less than 150 μm and less than 710 μm is not less than 90 weight %; wherein, in (B), when a water-absorbing resin is swollen in a 0.69 weight % aqueous sodium chloride solution, said gap fluid retention property under pressure is a weight of the aqueous sodium chloride solution per gram of said water-absorbing agent, the sodium chloride solution being retained under a load of 2.07 kPa in gaps within said water-absorbing agent.","label":"Household","id":1793} +{"sentence":"Poly(vinyl chloride) blends and additives thereforThis invention relates to poly(vinyl chloride) injection molding compositions which contain novel additive polymers which modify the rheology characteristics of the composition, and to the novel additive polymers themselves.1. A core\/shell polymer comprising: A) a core of a polymer containing at least about 80 weight percent of units derived from a higher alkyl (meth)acrylate, the higher alkyl group containing from four to twelve carbon atoms, the core polymer not containing units derived from a graftlinking or crosslinking monomer, and the core polymer not being deliberately crosslinked; B) an intermediate stage of a crosslinked polymer, the crosslinked polymer containing: 1) at least about 90 weight percent of units derived one or more of vinyl aromatic monomers or alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid, wherein the alkyl esters are derived from alcohols of from one to four carbon atoms, 2) from about 0.5 to about 10 weight percent of units derived from at least one of: a) a multifunctional monomer containing two or more copolymerizable double bonds; or b) an alkali, alkaline earth, or transition metal salt of a copolymerizable unsaturated acid; C) a final shell stage of a polymer containing at least about 70 weight percent of units derived from one or more of vinyl aromatic monomers or lower alkyl esters of methacrylic acid, wherein the lower alkyl esters are derived from alcohols of from one to four carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":1794} +{"sentence":"RUBBER MIXTURES CONTAINING SILANE AND HAVING POSSIBLY FUNCTIONALIZED DIENE RUBBERS AND MICROGELS, A METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND USE THEREOFThe invention relates to rubber mixtures containing silane and having possibly functionalized diene rubbers and microgels, to a method for the production thereof, and to the use thereof to produce wet slipping resistant and low-rolling resistance motor vehicle tire treads having high abrasion resistance.1 . Rubber mixtures, comprising (A) at least one optionally functionalized diene rubber having a polymer chain composed of repeat units based on at least one diene and optionally on one or more vinylaromatic monomers and (B) optionally a styrene\/butadiene rubber gel with a swelling index in toluene of from 1 to 25 and with a particle size of from 5 to 1000 nm, and also (C) a silane of the formula (I) where R1=hydrogen or a hydrocarbon moiety having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, which can be linear, branched, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic and which can optionally contain further heteroatoms, R2=hydrogen or methyl, and M is a spacer which can contain a hydrocarbon moiety having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms and can be linear, branched, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic and which can optionally contain further heteroatoms, and n=from 0 to 25, u=from 0 to 25, w=from 1 to 40 and R1, R2and\/or w can, within the silane, be identical or different, and (D) optionally further rubbers, fillers and rubber auxiliaries.","label":"IndustConst","id":1795} +{"sentence":"Process for the distillation of alcoholsThe invention relates to a process for the purification of C3-C10-alcohols by distillation, by distilling the alcohols at 150 to 200° C. in the presence of 10 to 1000 ppm of alkali metal hydroxide.1. A process for the purification of a C4-C10-alcohol by distillation from a distillation zone, said C4-C10-alcohol containing an aldehyde contaminant, said process comprising: distilling a C4-C10-alcohol at 150 to 200° C. in the presence of 10 to 200 ppm of alkali metal hydroxide, recovering from said distillation zone a C4-C10-alcohol having a decreased amount of said aldehyde contaminant wherein said alkali metal hydroxide is sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide.","label":"Process","id":1796} +{"sentence":"VINYL CHLORIDE RESIN COMPOSITIONA vinyl chloride resin composition that has better electrical insulating properties than existing vinyl chloride resin compositions and a wire coating material that includes the vinyl chloride resin composition are provided. A vinyl chloride resin composition contains 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of synthetic aluminum silicate per 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin, the synthetic aluminum silicate having an apparent specific gravity of 7 ml\/g or more. Synthetic aluminum silicate having a specific surface area of 400 m2\/g or more can be preferably used. The wire coating material contains the vinyl chloride resin composition.1 . A vinyl chloride resin composition comprising 0.1 to 3 parts by weight of synthetic aluminum silicate per 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin, the synthetic aluminum silicate having an apparent specific gravity of 7 ml\/g or more.","label":"HouseConst","id":1797} +{"sentence":"BPA process improvementThe present disclosure enables phenol recovery, purification and recycle in a simple, economic manner from waste streams from, for example, a phenol\/acetone production process, e.g., a phenol\/acetone plant or an upstream cumene hydroperoxide cleavage process step, and BPA production step, for use in the reaction with acetone to produce BPA. The disclosure therefore reduces the overall consumption of phenol in the production of BPA.1. A process for recovering phenol from a waste stream comprising water and phenol from a BPA production process, comprising the steps of: (A) contacting a first aqueous waste stream comprising water and phenol from a BPA production process and a crude phenol\/acetone product stream comprising phenol, acetone, cumene, and alpha methyl styrene (AMS), produced by cleavage of cumene hydroperoxide in a phenol\/acetone production process, (B) contacting the combined stream from step (A) with a second aqueous waste stream containing alkali metal salts, produced in a phenol\/acetone production process, (C) separating the combined stream from step B to form an immiscible hydrocarbyl stream containing at least a majority of said phenol from said first aqueous waste stream and an immiscible second aqueous waste stream comprising less than 5 wt % of phenol; and (D) recovering substantially all the phenol from a portion of said immiscible second aqueous waste stream by extraction, distillation, absorption, or a combination thereof, to produce an aqueous stream substantially free of phenol from the phenol\/acetone production process.","label":"Process","id":1798} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for oligomerization of ethylene, method for its preparation and oligomerization process using the catalystThe present invention relates to a catalyst for oligomerization of ethylene, comprising a functionalized solid support; a ligand immobilized on the solid support by chemical bonding, wherein the immobilized ligand has the structure (R1)(R2)P—N(R3)—P(R4)—Y-support or (R1)(R2)P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—P(R6)—Y-support, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently selected from aliphatic group, aryl group, amino group and trimethylsilyl group and Y is the functional group of the support or a derivative thereof; and a chromium compound reacted with the ligand; and to a method for its preparation and a process for oligomerization of ethylene utilizing the catalyst.1. A catalyst for the oligomerization of ethylene, comprising a functionalized solid support; a ligand immobilized on the solid support by chemical bonding, wherein the immobilized ligand has the structure (R1)(R2)P—N(R3)—P(R4)—Y-support or (R1)(R2)P—N(R3)—P(R4)—N(R5)—P(R6)—Y-support, wherein R1, R2, R3, R4, R5 and R6 are independently selected from aliphatic group, aryl group, amino group or trimethylsilyl group and Y is the functional group of the support or a derivative thereof; and a chromium compound reacted with the ligand.","label":"Catalyst","id":1799} +{"sentence":"Method for separating and purifying an aqueous mixture that mainly consists of acetic acid and formic acid[00001] The invention relates to a method for separating and purifying an aqueous mixture that mainly consists of acetic acid, formic acid and high-boiling substances by extraction with a solvent in a cyclic process. The inventive method is characterized in that the flow of raffinate is fed to a solvent stripping column ( 11 ) with the major part of the water in order to remove the water from the cycle. The flow of extract is fed to a solvent recovery distillation column ( 8 ). In a first step, a mixture (A) that consists of water and solvent, is separated by overhead distillation. A mixture (B) that consists of acetic acid, formic acid and high-boiling substances is separated via a sump. Once the formic acid is removed in a column ( 29 ), mixture (B) is separated in an acetic acid distillation column to give pure acetic acid and high-boiling substances. Mixture (A) is fed to a phase separator and the aqueous phase is returned to the solvent stripping column ( 11 ) together with any residual portions of the solvent while the organic phase is returned to the extractor ( 8 ).1. Process for the separation and purification of a mixture comprising main components acetic acid, formic acid, water and high boilers by extraction by means of a solvent in a circulation process in a first step and a subsequently fractionation of an extract stream in a sequence of distillation steps, which comprises feeding a raffinate stream containing a major part of water to a solvent stripping column ( 11 ) for removal of the water; conveying an extract stream to a solvent distillation column ( 8 ) from which, in a first step, a mixture (A) comprising water and solvent is separated off via a top of column ( 8 ) and a mixture (B) comprising acetic acid, formic acid and high boilers is separated off via a bottom of column ( 8 ); separating the formic acid off from the mixture (B) in intermediate distillation column ( 29 ) and subsequently fractionating a remaining mixture (B) into purified acetic acid and high boilers in an acetic acid distillation column ( 5 ), and conveying the mixture (A) to a phase separator ( 25 ) from which an aqueous phase containing residual solvent is recirculated to the solvent stripping column ( 11 ) and an organic phase is recirculated to an extractor ( 7 ).","label":"Process","id":1800} +{"sentence":"Distillation process for ethanolA method of distillation employing a heat pump (which may be driven by a compressor) using a vapor stream from within the distillation system as a heat source and a liquid stream from within the distillation system as a heat sink. The selection of heat-source vapors and heat-sink liquid is such that at least one is withdrawn from the phase-contacting region of the distillation system. The return of streams withdrawn from the phase-contacting region of the distillation system to the distillation system is such that at least one of the streams is returned at a temperature different from that of the point from which it was withdrawn, and all withdrawn streams are returned in manner such that a stream removed as vapor is returned at a point with a temperature at most that at the point it was withdrawn, and a stream removed as liquid is returned at a point with a temperature at least that at which it was withdrawn. Embodiments of the basic method where vapor only, liquid only, or both liquid and vapor are withdrawn from and returned to the phase-contacting region of the distillation system are considered. The impact of the invention is to reduce the heat requirement of distillation in exchange for an amount of work which is usually small because the temperature difference between heat sources and sinks is minimized. Combination of the basic distillation method with multi-effect distillation, convention overhead-to-reboiler heat pumped distillation, azeotropic and extractive distillation, and fermentative production of volatile compounds is described. A system specifically designed for the separation of ethanol-water mixtures which utilized the present invention and extractive distillation in a system with extensive heat integration is presented.1. In a method for separating an aqueous ethanol mixture to produce high purity ethanol in an apparatus comprising a distillation column, an evaporator and an extractive distillation column wherein a suitable salt is added to the extractive distillation column to eliminate an azeotrope between water and ethanol thereby increasing the relative volatility of ethanol and wherein the salt is thereafter recovered by evaporation in the evaporator, the improvement wherein a vapor stream is withdrawn from a point in said distillation column having a temperature intermediate between the highest and lowest temperatures in said distillation column for use as a heat source for transferring heat to a heat-sink liquid having a temperaure at the system pressure higher than the temperature of said withdrawn vapor stream at the system pressure, the flow rate of the withdrawn vapor stream having an upper limit which causes the distillation column to be pinched at the return point and a lower limit which provides significant changes in the internal reflux ratio at the point of return for the withdrawn vapor stream and thereafter performing work on vapor resulting from said withdrawn vapor stream to raise the condensation temperature of said vapor above the evaporation temperature of said heat-sink liquid and condensing at least a portion of said vapor resulting from the withdrawn vapor stream and returning the condensed liquid stream to the distillation column at a point having a higher temperature than the temperature at its point of withdrawal.","label":"Process","id":1801} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing alkylaminoalkylalkoxysilanesA process for preparing an alkylamino-alkylalkoxysilane of formula (I) R—(NR′)—Y—Si(R1)n(OR2)3-n (I) in which R is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R′ is a hydrogen (H) or is a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, Y is a bivalent alkyl group from the group of —CH2—, —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3—, —(CH2)(CH(CH3))(CH2)— and —(CH2)4—, R1and R2groups are the same or different and are each a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is 0 or 1 or 2, by reacting an alkylamine, used in excess, distilling off excess free alkylamine, treating the remaining product mixture with the alkylaminoalkylalkoxysilane and working up.1. A process for preparing an alkylaminoalkylalkoxysilane of formula I R—(NR′)—Y—Si(R1)n(OR2)3-n  (I), wherein R is a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, R′ is a hydrogen (H) or a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, Y is a bivalent alkyl group selected from the group consisting of —CH2—, —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3, —(CH2)(CH(CH3))(CH2)—, and —(CH2)4—, R1and R2groups are the same or different and are each a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is 0, 1, or 2, the method comprising: (A) reacting an alkylamine of formula II, in excess, R(NR′)H  (II), wherein R is a linear, branched, or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and R′ is a hydrogen (H) or a linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, with a haloalkylalkoxysilane of formula III X—Y—Si(R1)n(OR2)3-n  (III), wherein X is Cl or Br, Y is a bivalent alkyl group selected from the group consisting of —CH2—, —(CH2)2—, —(CH2)3—, —(CH2)(CH(CH3))(CH2)—, and —(CH2)4—, R1and R2groups are the same or different and are each a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is 0, 1, or 2; (B) distilling off excess alkylamine from a remaining product mixture; (C) at the same time, adding the alkylaminoalkylalkoxysilane to the remaining product mixture, comprising alkylamine hydrohalide and alkylaminoalkylalkoxysilane hydrohalide, and removing the alkylamine released as a result from the mixture, to give a remaining product or product hydrohalide mixture and (D) working up the remaining product or product hydrohalide mixture.","label":"Automobile","id":1802} +{"sentence":"Expandable vinyl chloride resin compositionAn expandable vinyl chloride resin composition which can provide foamed articles having a greatly enhanced expansion ratio without remarkably lowering the surface property and strength by the use of thermally decomposable blowing agents without the use of organic solvent blowing agents, and which comprises 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin, 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of, as a processing aid, a two stage (meth)acrylic ester polymer having a specific viscosity of at least 0.5 (0.1 % chloroform solution, 30° C.) prepared by polymerizing a monomer component containing as a main component a monomer selected from acrylic esters and methacrylic esters excepting methyl methacrylate in the presence of a latex of a methyl methacrylate polymer having a specific viscosity of at least 0.7, 0.3 to 25 parts by weight of a thermally decomposable inorganic blowing agent, 0.01 to 15 parts by weight of a thermally decomposable organic blowing agent and 0 to 20 parts by weight of a filler.1. An expandable vinyl chloride resin composition comprising (1) 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride resin, (2) 0.5 to 30 parts by weight of, as a processing aid, a two stage (meth)acrylic acid ester polymer having a specific viscosity of not less than 0.5 measured at 30° C. with respect to a solution of 0.1 g of the polymer dissolved in 100 ml of chloroform, the two stage polymer being obtained by emulsion-polymerizing (a) 50 to 99 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 50 to 100% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 0 to 50% by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an acrylic acid ester and a methacrylic acid ester excepting methyl methacrylate and 0 to 20% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith to give a polymer having a specific viscosity of not less than 0.7 measured at 30° C. with respect to a solution of 0.1 g of the polymer dissolved in 100 ml of chloroform and polymerizing, in the presence of a latex of the obtained polymer, (b) 1 to 50 parts by weight of a monomer mixture comprising 0 to 49% by weight of methyl methacrylate, 51 to 100% by weight of at least one monomer selected from the group consisting of an acrylic acid ester and a methacrylic acid ester excepting methyl methacrylate and 0 to 20% by weight of other vinyl monomer copolymerizable therewith wherein the total of the monomer mixtures (a) and (b) is 100 parts by weight, (3) 0.3 to 25 parts by weight of a thermally decomposable inorganic blowing agent and (4) 0.01 to 15 parts by weight of a thermally decomposable organic blowing agent.","label":"IndustConst","id":1803} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene insulation containing a tree growth-inhibiting alcoholInsulation particularly suitable for high voltage power cable consists essentially of low density polyethylene (or crosslinked polyethylene) and an effective amount of an alcohol of 6 to 24 carbon atoms which is a tree growth inhibitor capable of imparting at least a thousand-fold increase in electrical endurance as measured by an accelerated test procedure. Electrical trees can be initiated in the polyethylene in the presence of the alcohol. However, increased electrical endurance is obtained through inhibition of continued tree growth at that site. A precursor composition for a preferred insulation contains (i) low density polyethylene, (ii) a peroxide crosslinking agent, and (iii) an alcohol of 8 to 12 carbon atoms.1. An article comprising an electrical conductor and an insulating layer consisting essentially of (a) low density polyethylene, and (b) an effective amount of at least one alcohol of 6 to 24 carbon atoms; said alcohol capable of introducing at least a thousand-fold increase in electrical endurance of the polyethylene as measured by Test Method A.","label":"HouseConst","id":1804} +{"sentence":"FEMININE HYGIENE ABSORBENT ARTICLES COMPRISING WATER-ABSORBING POLYMERIC FOAMSA feminine hygiene absorbent article comprising water-absorbing polymeric foams obtainable by polymerization of a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension, comprising an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears acid groups and may be at least partly neutralized, a crosslinker, a photoinitiator and a surfactant.1 . A feminine hygiene absorbent article comprising a water-absorbing polymeric foam obtainable by polymerizing a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears acid groups and may be at least partly neutralized, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one photoinitiator and d) at least one surfactant, the monomer solution or suspension being polymerized to a polymeric foam, wherein the at least one photoinitiator is a compound of the general formula I in which R1, R2, R3, R4and R5are each independently hydrogen or C1-C8-alkyl, where C3-C8-alkyl may be branched or unbranched, X is hydrogen, OR6or C1-C8-alkyl, where C3-C8-alkyl may be branched or unbranched, R6is C1-C8-alkyl or C1-C8-hydroxyalkyl, where C3-C8-alkyl or C3-C8-hydroxyalkyl may be branched or unbranched, Y is C4-C8-cycloalkyl, C(R7) R8or P(═O)R7 R7and R8are each independently C1-C8-alkyl or C6-C12-aryl, where C3-C8-alkyl or C9-C12-aryl may be branched or unbranched, wherein said water-absorbing polymeric foam is provided in an amount of 0.1 g to 20 g, preferably of 0.15 g to 15 g, more preferably of 0.2 g to 10 g, most preferably of 0.3 g to 5 g.","label":"Household","id":1805} +{"sentence":"Engineered catalyst systems and methods for their production and useThis invention relates to supported metallocene catalyst systems and to methods for their production and use. Specifically, this invention relates to supported catalyst systems having unique, predetermined properties resulting from the designed distribution of catalyst components within and upon porous support particles. The designed distribution of catalyst components is obtained through sequential deposition of catalyst components with intervening removal of solvent.1. A method for preparing a supported metallocene catalyst, said method comprising the steps of: (a) combining support material and a first solution comprising a first metallocene thereby forming a mixture; then (b) removing the solvent from the mixture thereby forming a supported first metallocene; then (c) combining the supported first metallocene with a second solution comprising a second metallocene wherein the second metallocene is different from the first thereby forming a resultant mixture; then (d) removing the solvent from said resulting mixture.","label":"Catalyst","id":1806} +{"sentence":"Multilayer film having a layer of low pressure, low density heterogeneous ethylene copolymersA multilayer plastic film suitable for use in the manufacture of garbage and trash bags wherein the film comprises at least one layer of a high pressure low density polyethylene, and a layer comprising low pressure low density gas phase heterogeneous copolymers formed from ethylene, and at least one of propylene and butene-1 and at least one C5-C8comonomer.1. A coextruded multilayer film comprising a first outer layer of a high pressure, low density polyethylene, a core layer consisting essentially of low pressure, low density gas phase heterogeneous ethylene copolymers formed from ethylene and at least one of propylene and butene-1 and at least one C5-C8comonomer, and a second outer layer comprising a high pressure, low density polyethylene, said copolymers having a melt index of between about 0.5 and about 5.0 decigrams per minute, and a density of between about 0.91 and about 0.94 grams per cubic centimeter.","label":"HouseConst","id":1807} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of ethylene polymers[00001] Ethylene based polymers having high molecular weights can be obtained in high yields at temperatures of industrial interest, by carrying out the polymerization reaction in the presence of catalysts comprising single carbon bridged metallocenes, which has a particular ligand system containing a heteroatom.1. A process for the preparation of polymers of ethylene comprising the polymerization reaction of ethylene and optionally one or more olefins in the presence of a catalyst comprising the product obtained by contacting: (A) a metallocene compound of formula (I): wherein the rings containing A and B have a double bond in the allowed position having an aromatic character; A and B are selected from sulfur (S), oxygen (O) or CR9, R9being hydrogen, a C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl, or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13 or 15-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, with the proviso that if A is S or O, B is CR9or if B is S or O, A is CR9, and A and B cannot simultaneously be CR9; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, and R8which may be the same as or different from each other, are hydrogen, a C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl, or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13 or 15-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements, and at least two adjacent substituents R1and R2, R3and R4, or R5and R6can form a ring comprising 4 to 8 atoms; M is an atom of a transition metal selected from group 3, 4, 5, 6 or the lanthanide or actinide groups in the Periodic Table of the Elements, X, which may be the same as or different from each other, is hydrogen, halogen atom, a R10, OR10, OSO2CF3, OCOR10, SR10, NR102 or PR102 group, wherein the substituents R10are hydrogen, a C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C2-C20-alkenyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl, or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13 or 15-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; p is an integer of from 1 to 3, being equal to the oxidation state of the metal M minus 2; with the proviso that at least one of R7and R8is not hydrogen; and (B) at least one member selected from the group consisting of an alumoxane and a compound of formula D+E−, wherein D+ is a Brønsted acid, which gives a proton and reacts irreversibly with a substituent X of the metallocene of formula (I) and E− is a compatible anion, which stabilizes the active catalytic species originating from the reaction of the two compounds, and which is removed by an olefinic monomer.","label":"HouseConst","id":1808} +{"sentence":"Catalysts for producing broad molecular weight distribution polyolefins in the absence of added hydrogenThe present invention provides a polymerization process utilizing a dual metallocene catalyst system for the production of broad or bimodal molecular weight distribution polymers, generally, in the absence of added hydrogen. Polymers produced from the polymerization process are also provided, and these polymers can have a Mn in a range from about 9,000 to about 30,000 g\/mol, and a short chain branch content that decreases as molecular weight increases.1. A catalyst composition capable of producing an olefin polymer having more short chain branches at Mn than at Mw, the catalyst composition comprising catalyst component I, catalyst component II, and at least one activator, wherein: catalyst component I comprises: a compound having formula (A); a compound having formula (B); a dinuclear compound formed from an alkenyl-substituted compound having formula (A), formula (B), or a combination thereof; or any combination thereof, wherein: formula (A) is wherein: M1is Zr or Hf; X1and X2are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; E1is C or Si; R1and R2are independently H, a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, or R1and R2are connected to form a cyclic or heterocyclic group having up to 18 carbon atoms; and R3is H or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; and formula (B) is wherein: M2is Zr or Hf; X3is F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; E2is C or Si; R4is H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; and R5is a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; and catalyst component II comprises: a compound having formula (C); a compound having formula (D); a compound having formula (E); a compound having formula (F); a dinuclear compound formed from an alkenyl-substituted compound having formula (C), formula (D), formula (E), formula (F), or a combination thereof; or any combination thereof, wherein: formula (C) is wherein: M3is Zr or Hf; X4and X5are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; E3is a bridging group selected from: a cyclic or heterocyclic bridging group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula >E3AR7AR8A, wherein E3Ais C or Si, and R7Aand R8Aare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula —CR7BR8B—CR7C—R8C, wherein R7B, R8B, R7C, and R8Care independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms, or a bridging group having the formula —SiR7DR8D—SiR7ER8E, wherein R7D, R8D, R7E, and R8Eare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms; R9and R10are independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; and Cp1is a cyclopentadienyl or indenyl group, any substituent on Cp1is H or a hydrocarbyl or hydrocarbylsilyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; formula (D) is wherein: M4is Zr or Hf; X6and X7are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; E4is a bridging group selected from: a cyclic or heterocyclic bridging group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula >E4AR12AR13A, wherein E4Ais C or Si, and R12Aand R13Aare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula —CR12BR13B—CR12CR13C—, wherein R12B, R13B, R12C, and R13Care independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms, or a bridging group having the formula —SiR12DR13DSiR12ER13E—, wherein R12D, R13D, R12E, and R13Eare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms; and R14, R15, R16, and R17are independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; formula (E) is wherein: M5is Zr or Hf; X8and X9are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; and E5is a bridging group selected from: a cyclic or heterocyclic bridging group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula >E5AR20AR21A, wherein E5Ais C or Si, and R20Aand R21Aare independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms, a bridging group having the formula —(CH2)n—, wherein n is an integer from 2 to 6, inclusive, or a bridging group having the formula —SiR20BR21B—SiR20CR21C—, wherein R20B, R21B, R20C, and R21Care independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 10 carbon atoms; and formula (F) is wherein: M6is Zr or Hf; X10and X11are independently F; Cl; Br; I; methyl; benzyl; phenyl; H; BH4; OBR2 or SO3R, wherein R is an alkyl or aryl group having up to 18 carbon atoms; or a hydrocarbyloxide group, a hydrocarbylamino group, or a hydrocarbylsilyl group, any of which having up to 18 carbon atoms; and Cp2and Cp3are independently a cyclopentadienyl, indenyl or fluorenyl group, any substituent on Cp2and Cp3is independently H or a hydrocarbyl group having up to 18 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":1809} +{"sentence":"Polymer resin composition and articles formed with the compositionA polyethylene nanocomposite composition comprising: (i) base polyethylene resin of medium density polyethylene or high density polyethylene resin having a melt flow index in the range of from 0.10 to 1.4 g\/10 min at 190° C. and 5 kg as measured according to ISO 1133, high load melt flow index of from 4 to 20 g\/10 min at 190° C. and 21.6 kg as measured according to ISO 1133 and a density in the range of from about 0.930 to about 0.970 g\/cm3at 23° C. as measured according to ASTM D792; and (ii) planar carbon nanoparticles having a BET (from Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) theory) surface area of at least 50 m2\/g, in an amount of from 0.1% to 20% by weight based on the weight of the polyethylene nanocomposite composition.1. A polyethylene nanocomposite composition comprising: (i) base polyethylene resin selected from the group consisting of PE80, PE100 and PE112 resins according to ISO 1167, wherein the base polyethylene resin has a melt flow index in the range of 0.10 to 1.4 g\/10 min at 190° C. and 5 kg as measured according to ISO 1133; and (ii) planar carbon nanoparticles having a BrunauerEmmettTeller (BET) theory surface area in the range of 200 m2\/g to 800 m2\/g, in an amount of from 0.1% to 20% by weight based on the weight of the polyethylene nanocomposite composition, wherein the polyethylene nanocomposite composition has at least 5% greater Minimum Required Strength (MRS) relative to the base polyethylene resin absent the planar carbon nanoparticles as evaluated according to ISO 9080.","label":"HouseConst","id":1810} +{"sentence":"Low haze polyethylene polymer compositionsEmbodiments of a polyethylene polymer blend having a melt index (I2)<2 g\/10 min are provided, wherein the polyethylene polymer blend comprises at least about 50% by wt. of at least one high density polyethylene resin (HDPE) having a density ≧0.950 g\/cm3, a melt index (I2)<4 g\/10 min; a melt flow ratio (I10\/I2)≦9, and a molecular weight distribution (MWD) of about 2 to about 5; and further comprises about 1% to about 20% by wt. of at least one low density polyethylene resin (LDPE) having a density ≦0.930 g\/cm3, a melt index (I2) of about 0.1 to about 10 g\/min, and an MWD>3.1. A polyethylene polymer blend having a melt index (I2)<2 g\/10 min, wherein I2 is measured according to ASTM D1238 at 190° C. and 2.16 kg load, wherein the polyethylene polymer blend comprises: at least about 50% by wt. of at least one high density polyethylene resin (HDPE) having a density ≧0.950 g\/cm3, when measured according to ASTM D792; a melt index (I2)<4 g\/10 min; a melt flow ratio (I10\/I2)≦9, where I10 is measured according to ASTM D1238 at 190° C. and 10 kg load; and a molecular weight distribution (MWD) of about 2.0 to about 5, wherein MWD is defined as Mw\/Mn with Mw being a weight average molecular weight and Mn being a number average molecular weight; and about 1% to about 20% by wt. of at least one low density polyethylene resin (LDPE) having a density ≦0.930 g\/cm3, a melt index (I2) of about 0.1 to about 10 g\/min, and a MWD>3.","label":"HouseConst","id":1811} +{"sentence":"Polymerization catalyst systems, their production and useThis invention is generally directed toward a supported catalyst system useful for polymerizing olefins. The method for supporting the catalyst of the invention provides for a supported bulky ligand transition metal catalyst which when utilized in a polymerization process substantially reduces the reactor fouling and sheeting particularly in a slurry phase polymerization process.1. A method for producing a supported catalyst system, said method comprising the steps of: reacting a water containing support material with a solution of an alkyl aluminum compound which is at a temperature in the range of from about 10° C. to about -20° C. and maintaining a constant temperature that is in the range of from 30° C. to about -20° C. during the reaction wherein the mole ratio of the metal of the alkyl aluminum compound to the water content of the support material is greater than 0.7; and adding at least one metallocene catalyst component.","label":"HouseConst","id":1812} +{"sentence":"Catalyst composition for polymerizing conjugated diene monomerThere is provided a catalyst composition for polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer containing a rare earth complex having a specific structure and a specific compound.1. A catalyst composition, comprising (i) component (a), (ii) component (b) or (d), and (iii) component (c), wherein: the component (a) is a lanthanoid-aluminum crosslinked complex having a structure represented by the following formula (1) or (2): wherein Ln represents one selected from the group consisting of lanthanoid elements, Sc, and Y; and R1to R4may be the same or different, and represent one selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkylsilyl group, an alkyloxy group, and a dialkylamide group; the component (b) is an alkylaluminum compound represented by a formula HnAlR103-n wherein R10may be the same or different, and represents an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms or an alkenyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and n represents an integer of 0 to 3; the component (c) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of metal halide compounds and halosilyl compounds; and the component (d) is one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of aluminum oxy compounds represented by the following formula (3) or (4), borane compounds and borate compounds: wherein R13to R19may be the same or different, and represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms; and x and y represent an integer of 1 to 10000.","label":"Automobile","id":1813} +{"sentence":"Controllability oxidative dehydrogenation process for producing butadieneButadiene is made from a butene rich feed by passing a superheated butene rich feed including superheated steam and oxygen at a temperature of at least about 343° C. (650° F.) over a catalyst bed having a depth of over about 69 cm (27 inches) of granules of ferritic oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst. Inlet conditions being controlled such that the oxidative dehydrogenation reactions initially occur in the lower most layers of catalyst. Process control includes monitoring the temperature throughout the bed and increasing the inlet temperature in response to a drop in the temperature in the active layer, when the active layer of oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst begins to become deactivated so that the reaction zone moves upwardly in the oxidative dehydrogenation bed.1. A method of manufacturing butadiene from a butene rich feed, comprising the steps of: providing a butene rich hydrocarbonaceous feed, vaporizing said butene rich hydrocarbonaceous feed, mixing said vaporized butene rich hydrocarbonaceous feed with steam to produce a combined stream and superheating the combined stream to provide a reactor feed stream at a temperature of at least about 345° C.; providing a catalyst bed comprising layers of granules of oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst in a reactor having an inlet, passing said reactor feed stream and an oxygen rich gas from the inlet through said catalyst bed and thereby forming a butadiene enriched product stream via oxidative dehydrogenation reactions, wherein said catalyst bed of oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst has associated therewith a plurality of temperature sensing devices adapted to measure temperature in the catalyst bed along a direction of flow; controlling inlet conditions to said reactor such that most of the oxidative dehydrogenation reactions initially occur in a reaction zone located in the layer of said oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst bed most distal to said inlet, said reaction zone being characterized by an operating target temperature, wherein said inlet conditions include an inlet temperature; and monitoring the temperature along the length of the oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst bed and from time to time in response to a drop in the temperature in the reaction zone, increasing the inlet temperature so that the reaction zone migrates toward said inlet through said oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst bed, wherein at any location of the reaction zone within the oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst bed, the reaction zone is characterized by said operating target temperature.","label":"Catalyst","id":1814} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for propylene ammoxidation to acrylonitrileOlefins such as propylene and isobutylene are converted to the corresponding unsaturated nitriles, acrylonitrile, and methacrylonitrile, respectively, by reacting a mixture of the olefin, ammonia, and molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst containing the oxides of molybdenum, bismuth, iron, cobalt, nickel, and chromium, and either phosphorus or antimony or mixtures thereof, and an alkali metal or mixture thereof, and optionally one element selected from the group of an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, niobium, thallium, arsenic, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, vanadium, boron, calcium, tin, germanium, manganese, tungsten, tellurium, or mixtures thereof.1. A catalyst composition comprising a complex of the catalytic oxides of molybdenum, bismuth, iron, cobalt, nickel, chromium, one or more of phosphorus and antimony, one or more of the group comprising alkali metals, and optionally one or more of an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, niobium, thallium, arsenic, magnesium, zinc, cadmium, vanadium, boron, calcium, tin, germanium, manganese, tungsten, and\/or tellurium having the formula: [Equation] MoaBibFecCodNieCrfXgYiZjOx wherein X is a mixture of P and Sb; Y is an alkali metal or mixtures thereof; Z is an alkaline earth metal, a rare earth metal, Nb, Tl, As, Zn, Cd, V, B, Sn, Ge, Mn, W, Te or mixtures thereof; and wherein a is a number from 12 to 14; b is a number from 1 to 5; c is a number from 0.5 to 5; d and e are numbers from 0.1 to 6; f is a number from 0.1 to 4; g is a number from 0.1 to 4; i is a number from 0.1 to 2; j is a number from 0 to 3; and x is a number determined by the valence requirements of the other elements present.","label":"Catalyst","id":1815} +{"sentence":"TANDEM COMPRESSORS WITH PULSE WIDTH MODULATION SUCTION VALVEA refrigerant system is provided with tandem compressors. A tandem compressor arrangement includes at least two compressors operating in parallel and having at least one common manifold. A control may operate the compressors either simultaneously, or in some predetermined sequence to provide control over refrigerant system capacity. At least one of the tandem compressors is provided with a pulse width modulation control on a suction line. In this manner, the amount of refrigerant, compressed by the compressor, can be precisely controlled to exactly meet thermal load demands in the conditioned space.1 . A refrigerant system comprising: at least two compressors operating in parallel to compress refrigerant and deliver refrigerant downstream to at least one condenser, at least one expansion device positioned downstream of said at least one condenser, and at least one evaporator positioned downstream of said at least one expansion device; and refrigerant returning from said at least one evaporator through at least one suction line to said at least two compressors, and a suction valve provided between said evaporator and at least one of said at least two compressors, said suction valve being provided with a pulse width modulation control to control the amount of refrigerant being delivered to said at least one of said at least two compressors.","label":"Process","id":1816} +{"sentence":"Surface cross-linked superabsorbent polymer particles and methods of making themSuperabsorbent polymer particles with improved surface cross-linking and their use in absorbent articles. The superabsorbent polymer particles comprise polymer chain segments, wherein at least a part of the polymer chain segments are covalently cross-linked to each other and wherein at least a part of the cross-links include the reaction product of cross-linking molecules having at least two C═C double bonds and further include the reaction product of radical former molecules. These cross-links are present at surfaces of the superabsorbent polymer particles.1. A superabsorbent polymer, comprising: a. superabsorbent polymer particles selected from the group consisting of granules, flakes, spheres, powders, platelets, and beads, each of the particles comprising a surface and a core, wherein a plurality of aliphatic C—H groups are present at the surface; and b. polymer chain segments, wherein at least some of said polymer chain segments are covalently surface cross-linked to each other after formation of said superabsorbent polymer particles to provide surface cross-links, wherein at least some of the surface cross-links comprise the reaction product of cross-linking molecules having at least two C═C double bonds and wherein at least some of the surface cross-links further comprise the reaction product of radical former molecules that chemically react with the aliphatic C—H groups when the radical former molecules are irradiated.","label":"Household","id":1817} +{"sentence":"Promoters in the polymerization of monovinyl-aromatic compounds with primary lithium initiators1,1-DIALKYLETHYLENES, SUCH AS ISOBUTENE, PROMOTE THE PRIMARY LITHIUM INITIATED POLYMERIZATION OF MONOVINYL-AROMATIC COMPOUNDS, SUCH AS STYRENE, EITHER IN HOMOPOLYMERIZATIONS, OR IN THE FORMATION OF A-B-A block copolymers or (A-B)aZ radial block copolymers, such as by sequential monomer addition with conjugated dienes.1. A process for the preparation of a block copolymer which comprises the steps of polymerizing under solution polymerization conditions a first monomer charge selected from monovinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbons of 8 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule employing a primary hydrocarbyl lithium initiator and a 1,1-dialkylethylene promoter of the formula wherein each R is hydrogen, methyl, or ethyl, effective to promote the polymerization of said first monomer with said primary hydrocarbyl lithium initiator, employing a ratio of said promoter:primary hydrocarbyl lithium initiator in the range of about 50:1 to 7500:1, thereafter, after substantially complete polymerization of said first monovinyl-substituted aromatic hydrocarbon and prior to termination adding to the polymerization admixture a second monomer charge selected from conjugated dienes of 4 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule, and polymerizing said so added conjugated diene monomer, thereafter, prior to termination, adding to the polymerization admixture a polyfunctional treating agent in an amount in the range of about 0.1-1.5 equivalents per equivalent of lithium, thereby preparing a coupled branched polymer, wherein the weight ratio of polymerization first monomer:second monomer is in the range of about 10-50:90-50.","label":"Automobile","id":1818} +{"sentence":"Porous plastic film product, useful as a breathable wall covering or filtersThe invention relates to a breathable, plastic film, useful as a wall covering material. A low boiling additive, such as water, is added to a plastisol before extrusion. During extrusion and curing of the plastisol into a film or coating, the low boiling additive is volatilized and the resulting evolved gas perforates the forming film. In this manner a permeable plastic film, such as vinyl, is produced.1. A permeable plastic film prepared by a process comprising: (1) combining a curable plastic and a plasticizer to form a plastisol; (2) combining with the plastisol an additive with a boiling point below the boiling point of the plastisol; (3) extruding the mixture from step (2) to form a film; (4) curing the film from step (3) under conditions whereby the additive volatilizes through the cured or curing film to thereby leave a multiplicity of holes in the resulting plastic film.","label":"HouseConst","id":1819} +{"sentence":"Absorbent articleAbsorbent article suppressing occurrence of malodor after use while preventing a rash on a wearer's skin. The absorbent article includes an absorbent body, and a fumaric acid-supported sheet disposed on a skin surface side of the absorbent body. The fumaric acid-supported sheet is a sheet which supports fumaric acid particles having an average particle diameter of 30 μm or less, and\/or a sheet in which at least a part of constituent fibers is coated with fumaric acid. When being in contact with the body fluid or the like, fumaric acid is not immediately but slowly dissolved so that alkalization at the area around fumaric acid can be prevented over a long period of time. In addition, fumaric acid has an action of inhibiting proliferation of putrefactive bacteria and, therefore, can prevent occurrence of malodor from the absorbent article having absorbed the body fluid or the like.1. An absorbent article comprising an absorbent body, and a fumaric acid-supported sheet disposed on a skin surface side of the absorbent body, wherein the fumaric acid-supported sheet is a sheet supporting fumaric acid particles having an average particle diameter of 30 μm or less, and\/or a sheet in which at least a part of constituent fibers is coated with fumaric acid, the absorbent body includes a water absorbent resin powder, and a ratio (supporting amount of fumaric acid\/mass per unit area of water absorbent resin powder) of a supporting amount of fumaric acid on the fumaric acid-supporting sheet (g\/m2) to a mass per unit area of the water absorbent resin powder in the absorbent article (g\/m2) is in a range from 0.001 to 20.","label":"Household","id":1820} +{"sentence":"Steam dehydrogenation processA process for the steam dehydrogenation of hydrocarbons which utilizes a novel catalytic composition is disclosed. The catalyst composite comprises a Group VIII noble metal component, a Group IA or IIA metal component, and a component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium thallium, or mixtures thereof, all on an essentially theta-alumina support having a surface area of from about 50 to 120 m2\/g, and an Apparent Bulk Density of 0.5 g\/cm3 or more. The process is performed at a water to hydrocarbon molar ratio of 0.25:1 to 10:1.1. A process for the steam dehydrogenation of C2-C16hydrocarbons comprising contacting a hydrocarbon at hydrocarbon conversion conditions with a catalytic composite comprising a first component selected from Group VIII noble metal components or mixtures thereof, a second component selected from the alkali metals and alkaline earth metals or mixtures thereof, and a third component selected from the group consisting of tin, germanium, lead, indium, gallium, thallium, or mixtures thereof, all on an alumina support, and recovering the products of the reaction, the process characterized in that the hydrocarbon conversion conditions include a molar ratio of water to hydrocarbons of from 0.25:1 to 10:1 and the alumina support of the catalytic composite comprises theta-alumina and has a surface area of from about 50 to 120 m2\/g and an Apparent Bulk Density of 0.5 g\/cm3 or more.","label":"Process","id":1821} +{"sentence":"Vacuum dip coating apparatusThere is provided a dip coating apparatus that includes a sealed case assembly for containing at least one workpiece to be coated. The dip coating apparatus also includes an air pump communicated with the sealed case assembly, for pumping air from the sealed case assembly and injecting air into the sealed case assembly. Further, the dip coating apparatus includes a fresh coating solution container containing a coating solution, which is communicated with the sealed case assembly, for injecting the coating solution to the sealed case assembly and a recycle coating solution container, which is communicated with the sealed case assembly, for retrieving the coating solution from the sealed case assembly.1. A dip coating apparatus, comprising: a sealed case assembly for containing at least one workpiece to be coated; an air pump communicated with the sealed case assembly, for pumping air from the sealed case assembly and injecting air into the sealed case assembly; a fresh coating solution container containing a coating solution and communicated with the sealed case assembly through a first liquid pipeline, for injecting the coating solution to the sealed case assembly; a recycle coating solution container communicated with the sealed case assembly through a second liquid pipeline, for retrieving the coating solution from the sealed case assembly; a controller for controlling the air pump to pump air from the sealed case assembly and inject air into the sealed case assembly, controlling the flow of the coating solution from the fresh coating solution container to the sealed case assembly and controlling the flow of the coating solution from the sealed case assembly to the recycle coating solution container; and a workpiece supporting element for supporting the at least one workpiece and arranged in the sealed case assembly; wherein the sealed case assembly comprises: a first case element comprising a case without cover and a push-and-pull device for moving the case, and a second case element for assembling with the case to become the sealed case assembly, said second case element comprising a cover, an extending board arranged on one side of the cover, and a slider mounted on a bottom of the cover and the extending board for sliding the workpiece supporting element from the extending board to the cover, wherein the controller further controls the push-and-pull device to move the case to assemble and disassemble the sealed case assembly.","label":"IndustConst","id":1822} +{"sentence":"Process for producing methacrylic acidA process for producing methacrylic acid by vapor phase oxidation of methacrolein with molecular oxygen or molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of isobutylene and\/or tertiary butanol and in the presence of a catalyst having a heteropolyacid structure represented by the following general formula: [Equation] MoaVbPcXdOe wherein Mo, V, P, and O represent molybdenum, vanadium, phosphorus, and oxygen respectively, X represents the coexistence of copper and aresenic and the a, b, c, d and e represent the atomic ratio of the elements where: a is 10, b is a number of 6 or less excluding 0, c is a number of 0.5 to 6, d is a number of 3 or less excluding 0, and e is a number determined depending on the valance and atomic ratio of the other elements.1. A process for producing methacrylic acid by vapor phase oxidation of methacrolein with molecular oxygen or molecular oxygen-containing gas in the presence of isobutylene and\/or tertiary butanol and in the presence of a catalyst having heteropoly acid structure and represented by the following general formula: [Equation] MoaVbPcXdOf wherein Mo, V, P and O represent molybdenum, vanadium, phosphorus and oxygen, respectively, X represents the coexistence of copper and arsenic, and a, b, c, d, and f represent the atomic ratio of the elements where a is 10, b is a number of 6 or less than 6 excluding 0, c is a number of 0.5 to 6, d is a number of 3 or less than 3 excluding 0, f is a number determined depending on the valancy and atomic ratio of other elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":1823} +{"sentence":"Polyolefin compositions, articles made therefrom and methods for preparing the sameThe invention provides compositions for blow molding applications and other applications, where such compositions comprise a high molecular weight ethylene interpolymer and a low molecular weight ethylene polymer, and where the high molecular weight ethylene interpolymer has a density from 0.920 g\/cm3to 0.950 g\/cm3, and an I21 from 0.05 to 1 dg\/min, and where the low molecular weight ethylene polymer has density from 0.965 g\/cm3to 0.985 g\/cm3, and an I2 from 600 to 2000 dg\/min. The composition has a density from 0.950 g\/cm3to 0.970 g\/cm3, and comprises greater from 45 to 80 weight percent of the high molecular component, and from 20 to 55 weight percent of the low molecular weight component, based on the sum weight of the high molecular weight component and the low molecular weight component. The invention also provides for methods of preparing said compositions and for articles prepared from the same.1. A composition consisting of a high molecular weight component and a low molecular weight component and at least one additive, and wherein the high molecular weight component is an ethylene interpolymer that has a density from greater than 0.930 g\/cm3to 0.950 g\/cm3, and an I21 from 0.05 to 1 dg\/min, and wherein the low molecular weight component is an ethylene polymer that has density from 0.965 g\/cm3to 0.985 g\/cm3, and an I2 greater than 600 to 2000 dg\/min, and wherein the composition has a density from 0.950 g\/cm3to 0.970 g\/cm3and an I21 less than 10 dg\/min, and comprises from 50 to 75 weight percent of the high molecular component, and comprises from 50 to 25 weight percent of the low molecular weight component, and wherein the weight percentages are based on the sum weight of the high molecular weight component and the low molecular weight component.","label":"Construct","id":1824} +{"sentence":"Ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymersEmbodiments of the invention provide a class of mesophase separated ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymers with controlled block sequences. The ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.4. Preferably, the block index is from about 0.2 to about 1. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (‘TREF’), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.4.1. A composition comprising at least one block ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer comprising two or more substantially homogeneous intramolecular blocks comprising differing chemical or physical properties and having a difference in mole percent α-olefin content, delta comonomer, said intramolecular blocks characterized by possessing a most probable molecular weight distribution, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer is characterized by a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, in the range of from about 1.4 to about 2.8 and by an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0; wherein the ethylene\/a-olefin block interpolymer is mesophase separated and displays a reflection spectrum that reaches a value of at least 15 percent within the region of infrared, visible or ultraviolet light.","label":"Construct","id":1825} +{"sentence":"Anionic polymerization method for styrene derivative containing pyridine as functional groupAn anionic polymerization method for styrene derivative containing pyridine as functional group is provided. The method includes forming a complex of (vinylphenyl)-pyridine and lithium chloride and performing anionic polymerization. Accordingly, a polymer of styrene derivative containing pyridine can be obtained. The polymer has excellent optical properties, and its molecular weight and molecular weight distribution can be controlled.1. An anionic polymerization method for styrene derivative containing pyridine as fuctional group, the anionic polymerization method comprising: forming a complex of (vinylphenyl)-pyridine and lithium chloride; and performing anionic polymerization according to Reaction Scheme 1.","label":"Automobile","id":1826} +{"sentence":"Nanoplatelet metal hydroxides and methods of preparing sameNanoplatelet forms of metal hydroxide and metal oxide are provided, as well as methods for preparing same. The nanoplatelets are suitable for use as fire retardants and as agents for chemical or biological decontamination.1. Nanoplatelets having an average platelet diameter of from about 30 nm to about 3500 nm and an average thickness of from about 1 nm to about 400 nm, wherein the nanoplatelet is a hydroxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of beryllium, scandium, chromium, gallium, yttrium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, cadmium, indium, tin, lutetium, hafnium, tantalum, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, thallium, lead, bismuth, radium, and mixtures thereof, the nanoplatelets having an average aspect ratio of from about 15 to about 70, an average platelet diameter of from about 40 nm to about 120 nm, and an average thickness of from about 1 nm to about 4 nm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1827} +{"sentence":"Integrated vacuum absorption steam cycle gas separationMethods and systems for separating a targeted gas from a gas stream emitted from a power plant. The gas stream is brought into contact with an absorption solution to preferentially absorb the targeted gas to be separated from the gas stream so that an absorbed gas is present within the absorption solution. This provides a gas-rich solution, which is introduced into a stripper. Low pressure exhaust steam from a low pressure steam turbine of the power plant is injected into the stripper with the gas-rich solution. The absorbed gas from the gas-rich solution is stripped in the stripper using the injected low pressure steam to provide a gas stream containing the targeted gas. The stripper is at or near vacuum. Water vapor in a gas stream from the stripper is condensed in a condenser operating at a pressure lower than the stripper to concentrate the targeted gas. Condensed water is separated from the concentrated targeted gas.1. A method for separating a targeted gas from a gas stream emitted from a power plant, the method comprising: bringing the gas stream into contact with an absorption solution to preferentially absorb the targeted gas to be separated from the gas stream so that an absorbed gas is present within the absorption solution, providing a gas-rich solution; introducing the gas-rich solution into a stripper; injecting low pressure exhaust steam from a low pressure steam turbine of the power plant into the stripper with the gas-rich solution; stripping the absorbed gas from the gas-rich solution in the stripper using the injected low pressure steam within the stripper to provide a gas stream containing the targeted gas, wherein the stripper is at or near vacuum; condensing water vapor in a gas stream from the stripper in a condenser operating at a pressure lower than the stripper to concentrate the targeted gas: separating condensed water from the concentrated targeted gas; wherein the stripper during said stripping is at a pressure between 1.2 and 14.7 psia, and a temperature T=40˜100° C.","label":"Process","id":1828} +{"sentence":"Processes for controlling the viscosity of polyalphaolefinsThe invention relates to a process for forming a polyalphaolefin, the process comprising the step of polymerizing at least one C8-C12 monomer, preferably a decene such as 1-decene, in the presence of an aluminoxane, an activator and a metallocene to form the polyalphaolefin, wherein the molar ratio of the aluminoxane to the metallocene is less than 250:1. The invention also relates to a process for forming a polyalphaolefin having a desired kinematic viscosity from at least one monomer in the presence of an aluminoxane, an organoboron compound and a metallocene. The process comprises the steps of, inter alia, providing a correlation between (i) the molar ratio of the aluminoxane to at least one of the organoboron compound and the metallocene, and (ii) the kinematic viscosity of the polyalphaolefin to form polyalphaolefins having predictable viscosities.1. A process for forming a polyalphaolefin, the process comprising the step of polymerizing at least one C8-C12 monomer in the presence of an aluminoxane, an activator and a metallocene to form the polyalphaolefin, wherein the molar ratio of the aluminoxane to the metallocene is less than 250:1.","label":"HouseConst","id":1829} +{"sentence":"Process for heat treatment of hydrocarbon feedstocks by furnace that is equipped with radiant burnersThe invention consists of an application of radiant burners to furnaces for heat treatment of hydrocarbon feedstocks in which the feedstock that is to be treated circulates inside an exchange tube bundle that receives the heat that is emitted by the burners essentially by radiation and for which a strict monitoring of the temperature profile along the exchange bundle is necessary. Applied to steam-cracking furnaces, the invention makes it possible to increase the propylene yield to iso ethylene yield. It also makes it possible to increase the compactness of the furnace and the longevity of the exchange bundle and to reduce the NOx emissions.1. A process for heat treatment of a hydrocarbon feedstock in a furnace that comprises at least one parallelepipedic radiation chamber with two opposite radiant walls supporting catalytic burners comprising parallelepipedic panels each comprising one face along one radiant wall and an opposite face formed by a porous panel parallel to said one radiant wall and emitting heat toward at least one essentially vertical exchange tube bundle bundle, the process comprising: providing at least one essentially vertical exchange tube bundle inside of which circulates the hydrocarbon feedstock to be treated, equipping said radiant walls with catalytic radiant burners with porous panels that are typically used in the form of essentially horizontal or optionally vertical bands that are distributed over several levels in the vertical direction, or respectively in the horizontal direction, generating with the catalytic radiant burners a mean temperature Tm of the radiant walls of between 900° C. and 1300° C., having a ratio R of the cumulative surface of the porous panels to the cumulative surface of the radiant walls of at least 0.3 and selecting the ratio R high enough and mean temperature Tm low enough that the NOx level in the smoke at the outlet of the furnace is at most 100 mg\/NM3.","label":"Process","id":1830} +{"sentence":"ABSORBENT POLYMER AND METHOD OF PREPARING THE SAMEAn absorbent polymer has an absorbency under pressure (AUL) ranging from 20 to 45 g\/g; a phase angle (67 ) of swollen gel ranging from 3 to 30 degrees; and a decrease in phase angle ranging from 3 to 35%. Thereby, the absorbent polymer may have favorable gel elasticity under pressure after swelling, so as to reduce adhesion between swollen particles. Accordingly, even after absorbing the liquid to swell the absorbent polymer, the polymer may maintain excellent flow conductivity, thereby reducing a decrease in absorption ability of the absorbent polymer.1 . A method of preparing an absorbent polymer, the method comprising: polymerizing a polymer composition, which includes acrylic monomer, polysaccharide and a cross-linking agent; and drying and grinding a hydrogel obtained by the above polymerization, wherein the polysaccharide is included in an amount of 0.1 to 20% by weight to the acrylic monomer in the polymer composition.","label":"Household","id":1831} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PRODUCING 1,3-BUTADIEN FROM N-BUTENES BY MEANS OF AN OXIDATIVE DEHYDROGENATIONThe invention relates to a process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising the steps of: A) providing an input gas stream a comprising n-butenes; B) feeding the input gas stream a comprising n-butenes and an oxygenous gas into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons and high-boiling secondary components, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting it with a coolant and condensing at least a portion of the high-boiling secondary components; Cb) compressing the remaining product gas stream b in at least one compression stage, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c 1 and one gas stream c 2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen and low-boiling hydrocarbons, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Da) removing uncondensable and low-boiling gas constituents comprising oxygen and low-boiling hydrocarbons, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases, as gas stream d 2 from the gas stream c 2 by absorbing the C4 hydrocarbons comprising butadiene and n-butenes in an absorbent, giving an absorbent stream laden with C4 hydrocarbons and the gas stream d 2 , and Db) subsequently desorbing the C4 hydrocarbons from the laden absorbent stream, giving a C4 product gas stream d 1, which comprises additionally feeding in a methane-comprising gas stream at at least one point in the process section comprising steps B), Ca), Cb) and Da) in such amounts that the formation of an explosive gas mixture in step Da) is avoided.13 . A process for preparing butadiene from n-butenes, comprising: A) providing an input gas stream a comprising n-butenes; B) feeding the input gas stream a comprising n-butenes and an oxygenous gas into at least one oxidative dehydrogenation zone and oxidatively dehydrogenating n-butenes to butadiene, giving a product gas stream b comprising butadiene, unconverted n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen, low-boiling hydrocarbons and high-boiling secondary components, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Ca) cooling the product gas stream b by contacting it with a coolant and condensing at least a portion of the high-boiling secondary components; Cb) compressing the remaining product gas stream b in at least one compression stage, giving at least one aqueous condensate stream c 1 and one gas stream c 2 comprising butadiene, n-butenes, water vapor, oxygen and low-boiling hydrocarbons, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases; Da) removing uncondensable and low-boiling gas constituents comprising oxygen and low-boiling hydrocarbons, with or without carbon oxides and with or without inert gases, as gas stream d 2 from the gas stream c 2 by absorbing the C4 hydrocarbons comprising butadiene and n-butenes in an absorbent, giving an absorbent stream laden with C4 hydrocarbons and the gas stream d 2 , and Db) subsequently desorbing the C4 hydrocarbons from the laden absorbent stream, giving a C4 product gas stream d 1 , which comprises additionally feeding in a methane-comprising gas stream at at least one point in the process section comprising steps B), Ca), Cb) and Da) in such amounts that the formation of an explosive gas mixture in step Da) is avoided.","label":"Process","id":1832} +{"sentence":"Plasticized polyvinyl chlorideEsters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids are used as plasticisers for polyvinyl chloride to enable products with comparable mechanical properties to be obtained using less polyvinyl chloride. Use of these esters also produces formulations with increased stability to ultra-violet light, improved low temperature properties, lower viscosity and improved processability as well as reduced smoke on burning. The esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may be used alone or in admixture with other plasticisers when the esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may act as viscosity depressants. Fast fusing plasticisers may also be included. The formulations are particularly useful in the production of a range of goods from semi-rigid to highly flexible materials and are particularly useful in the production of medical materials such as blood bags and tubing.1. A polyvinyl chloride composition comprising 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride and from 20 to 200 parts of total plasticizer comprising a plasticizer other than an ester of a cyclohexane carboxylic acid and 7 to 30 wt %, based on the weight of the total plasticizer, of a diisononyl ester of a cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid.","label":"HouseConst","id":1833} +{"sentence":"Complex oxide catalyst of Bi\/Mo\/Fe for the oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene to 1,3-butadiene and process thereofThe present invention relates to a complex oxide catalyst of Bi\/Mo\/Fe and an oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene in the presence of a catalyst herein. A catalyst of the present invention is superior to the conventional Bi\/Mo catalyst in thermal and mechanical stabilities, conversion and selectivity toward 1,3-butadiene, while showing a long-term catalytic activity.1. A Bi\/Mo\/Fe complex metal oxide catalyst for the preparation of 1,3-butadiene, the catalyst comprising Bi, Mo and Fe in a molar ratio of 1:1:0.5-1.25, and comprising Bi3FeMo2O12 phase and Fe2(MoO4)3 phase.","label":"Catalyst","id":1834} +{"sentence":"Absorbent structure, absorbent article, water-absorbent resin, and its production process and evaluation methodThe present invention provides: an absorbent structure and an absorbent article, which are excellent in both liquid diffusion ability and liquid storage ability, and which are excellent in the dry feeling and the amount of wet back of the aqueous liquid, and which can realize the thinning and lightening more; and a water-absorbent resin fitly usable for the above absorbent structure and absorbent article. The absorbent structure, according to the present invention, comprises a liquid-diffusing member and a water-absorbent resin, with the absorbent structure being characterized in that when the capillary absorption index of the liquid-diffusing member at a height of 40 cm is referred to as A (A≧0.10), the capillary absorption index B of the water-absorbent resin at a height of 40 cm satisfies the following equation: B\/A≧0.7 (equation 1).1. Water-absorbent resin particles, which comprise a crosslinked poly(acrylic acid (salt)) polymer in a major proportion and display a weight-average particle diameter of 150 to 600 μm, a capillary absorption capacity D of not less than 30 (g\/g) at a height of 0 cm, and a capillary absorption capacity D of not less than 15 (g\/g) at a height of 40 cm, and display a capillary absorption index B at a height of 40 cm of not less than 0.4, wherein the capillary absorption index B=the capillary absorption capacity D at a height of 40 cm\/the capillary absorption capacity D of at a height of 0 cm wherein the capillary absorption capacity D at a height of 40 cm is an absorption capacity calculated from the absorption quantity (g) of 0.44 g of the water-absorbent resin in a state where the liquid-absorbing position (H1) is 40 cm higher than the liquid surface height (H2) in a liquid-storing receptacle, under a load of 0.06 psi for 30 minutes.","label":"Household","id":1835} +{"sentence":"FLUORENYL CATALYST COMPOSITIONS AND OLEFIN POLYMERIZATION PROCESSAn olefin polymerization process comprising contacting one or more olefins and a catalyst component in a reaction zone under suitable reaction conditions to form a polyolefin, wherein the catalyst component is characterized by the formula: B(Cp)(Fl)MQ2 wherein M comprises a metal, Q comprises a halogen, an alkyl group or an aryl group or combinations thereof, Cp comprises a cyclopentadienyl group, Fl comprises a fluorenyl group, B is a bridging group that may be characterized by the general formula —YRH wherein Y comprises C or Si and R comprises an alkyl group, an aryl group, a poly-aryl group or combinations thereof.12 . A polyolefin produced by the process of claim 8 wherein the catalyst component is characterized by formula A and wherein the polyolefin comprises highly isotactic polypropylene having a molecular weight of from 100,000 to 1,000,000 Daltons, a melting temperature of from 159° C. to 161° C. and a tacticity of from 97% to 99% mmmm.","label":"Catalyst","id":1836} +{"sentence":"Guided self-assembly of block copolymer line structures for integrated circuit interconnectsComplex self-assembled patterns can be created using a sparse template and local changes to the shape or distribution of the posts of the template to direct pattern generation of block copolymer. The post spacing in the template is formed commensurate with the equilibrium periodicity of the block copolymer, which controls the orientation of the linear features. Further, the posts can be arranged such that the template occupies only a few percent of the area of the final self-assembled patterns. Local aperiodic features can be introduced by changing the period or motif of the lattice or by adding guiding posts. According to one embodiment, an array of carefully spaced and shaped posts, prepared by electron-beam patterning of an inorganic resist, can be used to template complex patterns in a cylindrical-morphology block copolymer. These complex self-assembled patterns can form a mask used in fabrication processes of arbitrary structures such as interconnect layouts.1. A pattern mask for dense nanostructures, the pattern mask comprising: a template on a substrate, the template comprising: a two-dimensional array of first posts, wherein the first posts are spaced apart from each other in a first direction by a first spacing Lx and in a second direction by a second spacing Ly, and a second post disposed near one of the first posts, wherein the second post is spaced apart from the one of the first posts by a third spacing, wherein the third spacing is different than the first spacing Lx and the second spacing Ly; and a polymer pattern self-assembled on the template, wherein the first spacing Lx and\/or the second spacing Ly is commensurate with an equilibrium periodicity Lo of a block copolymer of the polymer pattern, and wherein the second post is disposed at a position of a bend in the polymer pattern.","label":"IndustConst","id":1837} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PRODUCTION OF MODIFIED WATER ABSORBENT RESINThis invention is to provide a method for producing a modified water absorbent resin excelling in water absorbing properties. This invention relates to a method for producing a modified water absorbent resin, which comprises a) mixing a water absorbent resin and a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator or a heat-degradable radical polymerization initiator without addition of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and b) irradiating the resultant mixture with active energy rays. The method is particularly capable of exalting the absorbency against pressure and the saline flow conductivity.1 . A method for the production of a modified water absorbent resin, which comprises: a) mixing a water absorbent resin and a water-soluble radical polymerization initiator without addition of an ethylenically unsaturated monomer and b) irradiating the resultant mixture with active energy rays.","label":"Household","id":1838} +{"sentence":"Electrically neutral dispersions and method of preparing sameThe invention is a method of producing an essentially electrically neutral polymer dispersion, comprising a polymerizing one or more monomers in the presence of a nonionic surfactant, wherein the polymerization preferably occurs in the absence of ionic surfactants. The invention also includes methods of producing positively or negatively charged polymer dispersions comprising producing the essentially nonionic polymer dispersion and further adding a cationically-charged or anionically-charged surfactant or electrolyte. The invention further includes dispersions produced by the methods of the invention and polymer films and powders produced from these dispersions.1. An aqueous polymer dispersion comprising: water, polymer particles dispersed in the water, said polymer particles comprising a polymer derived from (meth)acrylamide and one or more additional nonionic monomers, and a nonionic surfactant comprising an alkylene oxide adduct of an alkyl alcohol, wherein the number of alkylene oxide groups is less than or equal to 14 and said nonionic surfactant is entrained in said polymer particles, wherein said polymer dispersion is essentially free of ionic surfactants.","label":"Automobile","id":1839} +{"sentence":"Absorbent foam productsA foam product having both absorptive and cushioning properties is prepared from a solid, particulate, water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer having a gel capacity of at least 10, a solid, particulate blowing agent, and a liquid polyhydroxy organic compound. Foamable compositions and articles employing the foam are also described.1. An absorbent foam product prepared by mixing together a solid, particulate, water-insoluble, water-swellable polymer having a gel capacity of at least 10, a solid, particulate blowing agent, and a liquid polyhydroxy organic compound and allowing the mixture to foam.","label":"Household","id":1840} +{"sentence":"Two-dimensional arrays of holes with sub-lithographic diameters formed by block copolymer self-assemblyMethods for fabricating sublithographic, nanoscale microstructures in two-dimensional square and rectangular arrays utilizing self-assembling block copolymers, and films and devices formed from these methods are provided.1. A method for fabricating nanoscale microstructures, comprising: forming a copolymer film comprising a self-assembling block copolymer within a plurality of trenches to a thickness of about Lo each trench having a width of about Lo, a length of about nLo, a pitch distance between adjacent trenches of at least about 2*Lo, preferential wetting sidewalls and ends, and a neutral wetting floor, with ends of the trenches aligned; and causing the copolymer film to form a single array of perpendicularly oriented cylindrical domains of a first polymer block of the block copolymer in a matrix of a second polymer block of the block copolymer within each trench of the plurality, wherein the pitch distance between each cylindrical domain within a trench is about Lo, and the pitch distance between the cylindrical domains of adjacent trenches is about 2*Lo.","label":"IndustConst","id":1841} +{"sentence":"Hygiene article comprising an effective odour control systemThe present invention relates to a hygiene article comprising an effective odour control system, wherein essential oils, an organic zinc salt such a zinc ricinoleate, and preferably a chelating agent and\/or a physical agent interact synergistically to reduce malodours of bodily fluids. The present invention is of particular importance to the field of hygiene products, in particular feminine hygiene absorbent articles (sanitary napkins, panty liners).1. A hygiene article comprising an odour control composition for urine, menses, blood and blood components, vaginal secretions and sweat, the hygiene article comprising a liquid permeable topsheet, a liquid impermeable backsheet and at least one layer disposed between said liquid permeable topsheet and said liquid impermeable backsheet, wherein the at least one layer comprises a liquid absorbent core, and wherein said odour control composition consists essentially of: an organic zinc salt; and an anti-microbial agent comprising essential oil of thyme or thymol.","label":"Household","id":1842} +{"sentence":"Articles having a starch-bound cellular matrix reinforced with uniformly dispersed fibersCompositions, methods, and systems for manufacturing articles, particularly containers and packaging materials, having a starch-bound cellular matrix reinforced with substantially uniformly dispersed fibers. High strength articles that have adequate flexibility and toughness immediately or very shortly after being demolded without the need for subsequent conditioning are molded from compositions having a starch-based binder and fibers that are uniformly dispersed by means of a high yield stress fluid fraction within the starch-based composition. In a two-step mixing process, a preblended mixture is formed by gelating a portion of the starch-based binder or other thickening agent in water to form a liquid phase having high yield stress into which the fibers are substantially uniformly dispersed. The fibers preferably have an average length of at least about 2 mm and an aspect ratio of at least about 25:1. The remaining starch-based binder, water, and other desired admixtures, such as mold-release agents, inorganic fillers, rheology-modifying agents, plasticizers, integral coating or sealing materials, and dispersants, are added to the preblended mixture to form a moldable starch-based composition, which is molded between heated molds to produce form-stable articles having a desired shape and a selectively controlled foamed structural matrix. Such articles can replace articles presently made from conventional materials like paper, paperboard, polystyrene, plastic, or other organic-based materials and have especial utility in the mass-production of containers, particularly food and beverage containers.1. An article of manufacture having a fiber-reinforced, starch-bound cellular matrix of starch-based binder and inorganic aggregate, the matrix comprising a starch-based binder, an inorganic aggregate filler, and fibers substantially uniformly dispersed throughout the starch-bound cellular matrix, the fibers having an average aspect ratio greater than about 25:1, the inorganic filler having a concentration greater than about 20% by weight of the starch-bound cellular matrix, wherein the starch-bound cellular matrix has a thickness less than about 1 cm, wherein the starch-bound cellular matrix degrades after prolonged exposure to water.","label":"IndustConst","id":1843} +{"sentence":"Method for discharging countermeasure means, rocket launcher, and dispenser arrangementA method for discharging countermeasures, a rocket launcher, and a dispenser arrangement. A space for one or more rockets in a rocket launcher is used as a carrier for a dispenser arrangement for countermeasures. The dispenser arrangement is designed with one or more cylindrical sections specially adapted to the rocket space in the rocket launcher. Equipment already adapted to aircraft can be used in supplementing the countermeasure equipment of the aircraft.1. A dispenser arrangement for discharging countermeasure ammunition, the dispenser arrangement comprising: a plurality of countermeasure sections configured to be accommodated and secured in spaces for rockets in a rocket launcher, each countermeasure section comprising a casing having a cylindrical lateral outer surface including a space configured to simultaneously accommodate a plurality of countermeasure ammunition, a first end comprising a lateral opening in the cylindrical lateral outer surface of the casing for discharging the plurality of countermeasure ammunition in a lateral direction with respect to the cylindrical lateral outer surface casing, and an ammunition-advancing device configured to advance the plurality of countermeasure ammunition through the countermeasure section toward the lateral opening, and a discharging mechanism comprising an ammunition-separating device configured to discharge the plurality of countermeasure ammunition from the countermeasure sections through the lateral openings.","label":"Process","id":1844} +{"sentence":"Production process for catalystThere is disclosed a production process for a catalyst which process makes it possible to efficiently carry out the supporting of a catalytic component onto a carrier and to obtain the catalyst excellent in quality and performance. This production process is a production process for the catalyst including a particulate lump carrier and a catalytic component supported thereon; with the production process comprising the step of carrying out simultaneous revolution and rocking of a treatment container 20 as charged with the carrier and a catalyst precursor including the catalytic component, thereby supporting the catalytic component onto the carrier.1. A process of producing a catalyst, the catalyst including a particulate lump carrier and a catalytic component supported thereon, the process comprising the step of: carrying out simultaneous revolving and rocking of a treatment container charged with a particulate lump carrier and a catalyst precursor including a catalytic component, such that said catalytic component becomes to be supported on said particulate lump carrier, wherein: a) the treatment container is the shape of a cylinder having a length of 1 to 3 times of its diameter and has a horizontally oriented central axis; b) the carrier is charged in an amount of 10 to 60% of a capacity of the treatment container; c) the step of carrying out simultaneous revolving and rocking revolves the treatment container at 5 to 60 rpm around the central axis; and d) the step of carrying out simultaneous revolving and rocking rocks the central axis at 1 to 12 spm in an upward and downward rocking angle of 5 to 90° C.","label":"Process","id":1845} +{"sentence":"Method for the incorporation of metals into high temperature antimony oxideA method for incorporation of metals into antimony oxide to form a compound having the formula [Equation] Sb100MxAyOz where M is Mo, Te or both, A is V, Nb, Ta, W, Bi and mixtures thereof, x is 0.1 to 5, y is 0 to 10 and z is a number sufficient to satisfy the valence of the other elements. The method compriss mixing an antimony compound with an oxide or salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of M and A and heating the mixture to a temperature of up to about 850° C. to produce the compound, the Sb2O4component of which is substantially present in the beta form. These steps are also employed in a method for converting low temperature antimony oxide into high temperature antimony oxide. High temperature antimony oxides containing Mo or Te are novel.1. A method for incorporation of metals into antimony oxide to form a compound having the formula [Equation] Sb100MxAyOz where M is Mo, Te or both; A is V, Nb, Ta, W, Bi and mixtures thereof; x is 0.1 to 5; y is 0 to 10 and z is a number sufficient to satisfy the valence of the other elements; comprising the steps of: mixing an antimony compound with an oxide or salt of at least one metal selected from the group consisting of M and A; and heating said mixture to a temperature of up to about 850° C. to produce said compound, the Sb2O4component of which is substantially present in the beta form.","label":"Catalyst","id":1846} +{"sentence":"Rubber-modified styrenic resin compositionA rubber-modified styrenic resin composition which has high falling impact strength, high gloss, high tensile strength and the product produced from which has little or no unpleasant odor is provided by controlling the residual styrenic monomers in the resin composition to a content of below 1500 ppm and the residual 4-vinyl cyclohexene to a content of below 150 ppm. The number average particle size of the butadienic rubber is 0.08 to 0.35 μm, the amount of butadienic rubber particles having a particle size of below 0.1 μm is 19.5 to 99%, the amount of the butadienic rubber particles having a particle size of between 0.1 to 0.25 μm is 0.5 to 60%, and the amount of the butadienic rubber particles having a particle size greater than 0.25 μm is 0.5 to 80%, based on the total number of the butadienic rubber particles.1. A rubber-modified styrenic resin composition comprising a matrix of styrenic-acrylic based copolymer and butadienic rubber particles dispersed in said matrix, said styrenic-acrylic based copolymer being prepared from an acrylonitrile monomer and\/or a methacrylate monomer, a styrenic monomer and, optionally, other copolymerizable monomers, the rubber-modified styrenic resin composition further comprising residual styrene monomer and residual 4-vinyl cyclohexene, said residual styrene monomer being present in said composition in an amount below 1500 ppm and said residual 4-vinyl cyclohexene being present in said composition in an amount below 150 ppm, the number average particle size of the butadienic rubber particles being 0.08 to 0.35 μm, the butadienic rubber particles being distributed such that the amount of the butadienic rubber particles having a particle size of below 0.1 μm is 19.5 to 99%, the amount of the butadienic rubber particles having a particle size of between 0.1 to 0.25 μm is 0.5 to 60%, and the amount of the butadienic rubber particles having a particle size of greater than 0.25 μm is 0.5 to 80% based on the total number of the butadienic rubber particles, wherein the number average particle size of the butadienic rubber particles in the resin composition and the amounts of the residual styrene monomer and the residual 4-vinyl cyclohexane in the resin composition are limited so as to minimize unpleasant odor in said composition.","label":"IndustConst","id":1847} +{"sentence":"Polyolefin compositions with improved impact strengthThe addition of a polyolefin-acrylic graft copolymer to blends of polyolefin and core-shell polymers improves compatibility and allows core-shell polymers to be used as processing and performance modifiers polyolefins. Generally the compatibilizing additive is a graft copolymer of a polyolefin and a metharcylate. More specifically, the graft copolymer is derived from at least about 80% of a monomer of a methacrylic ester of the formula CH2=C(CH3)COOR, where R may be alkyl, aryl, or aralkyl, substituted or unsubstituted, and less than 20%, based on a total monomer weight, of an acrylic or styrenic monomer copolymerizable with the methacrylic ester grafted on to a non-polar polyolefin trunk, so that at least one chain is a polymer with a weight average molecular weight greater than about 20,000 and is present in a weight ratio with the polyolefin trunk of from about 1:9 to about 4:1. A typical composition may contain about 20% core-shell modifier, about 10% compatibilizer, the balance being polyolefin.1. A process for improving the impact strength of a polyolefin which comprises adding a polymeric blend comprising an acrylic core-shell modifier and a copolymeric compatibilizer, wherein said compatibilizer is comprised of: (i) a non-polar polyolefin trunk selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, poly(4-methylpentene), copolymers of said olefins with each other, and one or more copolymers of said olefins with minor amounts of 1-alkenes, vinyl esters, vinyl chloride, (meth)acrylic ester, and (meth)acrylic acid, said trunk having a Mw of between about 50,000 and 1,000,000; and (ii) at least one methacrylate chain grafted with a covalent bond to said trunk having a weight ratio with said trunk of from about 1:9 to about 4:1, said chain being a polymer derived from at least about 80% of a monomer of a methacrylic ester of the formula CH2=C(CH3)COOR, where R is alkyl, aryl, substituted alkyl, substituted aryl, or substituted alkaryl, and less than about 20% of an acrylic or styrenic monomer copolymerizable with the methacrylic ester, said chain having a Mw of from about 20,000 to 200,000.","label":"IndustConst","id":1848} +{"sentence":"Process for controlling the MWD of a broad\/bimodal resin produced in a single reactorA bimetallic catalyst produces broad or bimodal molecular weight distribution polyolefin resin whose composition depends on the ratio of the concentration of the two metals of the catalyst producing the HMW and LMW components. The bimetallic catalyst produces a broad\/bimodal MWD resin whose HMW and LMW components depend on the relative productivity of each of the transition metal sites of the catalyst. Water and\/or carbon dioxide are cofed to the polymerization reactor at levels necessary to modify the weight fractions of the HMW and LMW components, thus achieving a target molecular weight distribution, MWD. The invention allows the resin MWD to be adjusted in the reactor. The weight fraction of the high molecular weight component decreases with the addition of the water and or the carbon dioxide and the FI of the overall product increases with a decrease in the HMW component weight fraction in the product.1. A process for controlling the relative amount of a high molecular weight component and a low molecular weight component in a bimodal molecular weight distribution resin or a broad molecular weight distribution resin which comprises said high molecular weight component and said low molecular weight component, said process comprising contacting a feed comprising ethylene, under ethylene polymerization conditions, with a catalyst comprising a support containing two sources of transition metals, wherein the catalyst comprises a dry, anhydrous, support containing composition comprising an activated metallocene compound of a transition metal and a non-metallocene transition metal compound, wherein the support is the reaction product of (1) silica having OH groups, impregnated with RMgR's, wherein each of R and R's is alkyl of 4 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein RMgR's is present in an amount to provide a RMgR's:OH molar ratio of 0.5:1 to 4:1; and (2) an organic alcohol reagent having a formula R"OH, wherein R" is an alkyl group of 1 to 12 carbon atoms; wherein said alcohol reagent is used in an amount effective to provide an alcohol\/Mg molar ratio of 0.5 to 2.0; producing said bimodal molecular weight distribution resin or a broad molecular weight distribution resin product; introducing additional feed for said contacting with said catalyst in which the activated metallocene compound exhibits a first productivity relative to the non-metallocene transition metal compound; adding an amount of a reagent selected from the group consisting of water, carbon dioxide and admixtures thereof, wherein the amount of reagent is effective to alter the first productivity relative to the non-metallocene transition metal compound; and recovering a modified product which has a second relative ratio of said high molecular weight component and said low molecular weight component which second relative ratio differs from said relative amount.","label":"Catalyst","id":1849} +{"sentence":"Method for refining dicyclopentadieneA first method for refining dicyclopentadiene of the present invention is characterized in that the method separates and recovers dicyclopentadiene by distilling the crude dicyclopentadiene that contains dicyclopentadiene and is obtained by removing a C5 fraction and a BTX fraction from the reaction product obtained by dimerization reaction of the cracked gasoline by-produced in an ethylene plant that uses as feed stock a C2 fraction, a C3 fraction and a C4 fraction. A second method for refining dicyclopentadiene of the present invention is characterized in that the dicyclopentadiene-containing fraction refined by distillation is brought into contact with an inert gas or a hydrocarbon gas having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.1. A method for improving a hue of a dicyclopentadiene-containing distillation fraction comprising: gas-liquid contacting of a first dicyclopentadiene-containing distillation fraction with a hydrocarbon gas having 1 to 3 carbon atoms; and recovering a second dicyclopentadiene-containing distillation fraction, wherein the gas-liquid contacting is performed in a distillation tower with its theoretical number of stages set at 10 to 30, the first dicyclopentadiene-containing distillation fraction is fed from a tower top of the distillation tower, and the hydrocarbon gas having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is fed from a tower bottom of the distillation tower.","label":"Process","id":1850} +{"sentence":"Hydraulic opposed jet millEmbodiments of an hydraulic opposed jet mill are disclosed which may be used to crush various minerals, including mica, or other materials to sub-micron size. At least one positive displacement pump forces an incompressible liquid, such as water, through a pair of opposed jets such that the two streams of water collide between the jets. A slurry of an incompressible liquid, such as water, and the mineral to be crushed is introduced into the jets at a point near the outlet end of the jets. The entrained mineral particles are forced out of the jets with great energy which causes multiple collisions and pulverization. In a second embodiment of the instant invention the slurry strikes an impingement plate rather than an opposed slurry stream.1 . A hydraulic jet mill for reducing the size of a flake shaped material to nano size or less while maintaining or increasing the aspect ratio of the material where the aspect ratio is the ratio of the average width of a particle of the material to the average thickness of such particle comprising: (1) a jet having a forward end and a rearward end and having an open orifice at the forward end; (2) means for introducing a slurry of the material and an incompressible liquid into the jet at a point rearward of the orifice and under sufficient pressure that the slurry exits said orifice at at least ten meters per second; and (3) an impingement plate located forward of said orifice at a distance of less than one millimeter from said orifice and such that the slurry strikes the impingement plate upon leaving said orifice; whereby a slurry of a flake shaped material and an incompressible liquid may be introduced into said jet under pressure and the slurry exits said orifice in said plate and strikes said impingement plate and a significant portion of the material is reduced in size to nano sized or less while maintaining or increasing the aspect ratio of the material.","label":"IndustConst","id":1851} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene composition suitable for the preparation of films and process for preparing the sameA polyethylene composition, in particular suitable for the preparation of films, and a process for preparing the same are described. The polyethylene composition of the invention comprises from 50 to 89% by weight of a first polyethylene component comprising at least one multimodal polyethylene including a plurality of ethylene polymer fractions having distinct molecular weights and comonomer contents, at least one of said plurality of ethylene polymer fractions being prepared by the use of a single site catalyst, and from 50 to 11% by weight of a second polyethylene component comprising a low or medium density polyethylene.1. A polyethylene composition comprising: (a) 50 to 89% by weight of a first polyethylene component having: (i) a density of from 0.920 to 0.940 g\/cm3, (ii) a Mw\/Mn of from 5 to 30, (iii) a Mw of from 50,000 to 500,000 g\/mol, (iv) a Mz of less than 1 million g\/mol, and (v) a MFR (190\/21.6) between 5 and 100 g\/10 min wherein the first polyethylene component comprises: a multimodal polyethylene wherein the multimodal polyethylene further comprises: a plurality of ethylene polymer fractions having distinct molecular weights and co-monomer contents wherein the multimodal polyethylene is prepared in a single reactor with a mixed catalyst system comprising at least two different polymerization catalysts, at least one of which is a single site catalyst wherein the plurality of ethylene polymer fractions comprise a low molecular weight fraction having an intrinsic viscosity in decalin at 135° C. from 0.6 to 1.2 dl\/g and a MFR (190\/21.6) between 5 and 100 g\/10 min, and a high molecular weight fraction having an intrinsic viscosity in decalin at 135° C. from 2.5 to 5 dl\/g; and (b) 50 to 11% by weight LDPE having a density of from 0.910 to 0.930 g\/cm3, the LDPE being prepared by high-pressure polymerization wherein the LDPE has a MFR (190\/2.16) between 0.2 and 50 g\/10 min.","label":"HouseConst","id":1852} +{"sentence":"Vinyl chloride resin composition for transparent productsA vinyl chloride resin composition for transparent products, comprising 100 parts by mass of the vinyl chloride resin, 0.01 to 10 parts by mass of the following component (A), 0.01 to 10 parts by mass of the following component (B) and 0.01 to 3 parts by mass of the following component (C); (A) At least one kind of salt selected from organic acid zinc salts. (B) At least one kind of compound selected from zinc-modified hydrotalcite compounds. (C) At least one kind of compound selected from phosphite ester compounds.1. A vinyl chloride resin composition for transparent products, comprising 100 parts by mass of the vinyl chloride resin, 0.01 to 10 parts by mass of the following component (A), 0.01 to 10 parts by mass of the following component (B) and 0.01to 3 parts by mass of the following component (C); (A) At least one kind of salt selected from among organic acid zinc salts, (B) At least one kind of compound selected from among zinc-modified hydrotalcite compounds, (C) At least one kind of compound selected from among phosphite ester compounds.","label":"HouseConst","id":1853} +{"sentence":"Chemical heat pipe employing self-driven chemical pump based on a molar increaseA chemical pump system that utilizes a self-driven compressor to increase the system pressure while obviating the need for a one-way valve and liquid head to provide the driving force for the reactants, thus enhancing long distance transport. The system comprises a chemical heat pipe employing reversible endothermic\/exothermic chemical reactions to transfer thermal energy between a heat source and a heat sink. At least one reactant is self-driven substantially unidirectionally through the heat pipe by compressing the reactant(s) with a compressor and heating the reactant(s) to a predetermined pressure and temperature sufficient to form a reaction product having at least a 150% molar increase. The reaction product is expanded with an expander that is linked mechanically to the compressor. The expansion energy is sufficient to compress the reactants to the predetermined pressure while maintaining the self-driven unidirectional flow.1. In a chemical heat pipe employing reversible endothermic\/exothermic chemical reactions to transfer thermal energy between a heat source and a heat sink the method of self-driving at least one reactant substantially unidirectionally through said heat pipe comprising: (a) compressing said reactant(s) with a compressor and heating said reactant(s) to a predetermined pressure and temperature sufficient to endothermically react said reactant(s) to form reaction product having at least a 150% molar increase thereby establishing said self-driving unidirectional flow; (b) transferring heat from said reaction product to said reactants; and (c) expanding said reaction product with an expander linked mechanically to said compressor whereby said expansion energy is sufficient to compress said reactants to said predetermined pressure while maintaining said self-driving unidirectional flow.","label":"Process","id":1854} +{"sentence":"Diene rubber, process for preparing same, and composition containing sameThis invention provides a diene rubber composed of 40 to 99.99% by weight of conjugated diene units, 0.05 to 20% by weight of amino-containing vinyl monomer units, 0.05 to 20% weight of hydroxyl-containing vinyl monomer units, and 0 to 50% by weight of other copolymerizable monomer units, and having a Mooney viscosity (ML1+4,100° C.) of 10 to 200. This diene rubber yields a vulcanized rubber showing improvements in heat build-up, tensile strength, abrasion resistance and processability.1. A diene rubber comprising 45 to 99.9% by weight of repeating units of at least one conjugated diene, 0.05 to 20% by weight of repeating units of at least one vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of primary amino-containing vinyl monomers, anilinostyrene, anilinophenyl-butadiene, N-monosubstituted acrylamides, N-monosubstituted methacrylamides, N,N-disubstituted aminoalkylacrylates, N,N-disubstituted aminoalkylacrylamides, N,N-disubstituted amino aromatic vinyl compounds, and pyridyl-containing vinyl compounds, 0.05 to 20% by weight of repeating units of at least one hydroxyl-containing vinyl monomer selected from the group consisting of hydroxyl-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid ester monomers, hydroxyl-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid amide monomers, hydroxyl-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride monomers, hydroxyl-containing vinyl ether monomers, hydroxyl-containing vinyl ketone monomers, and allyl alcohol monomer, and 0 to 50% by weight of repeating units of at least one other copolymerizable monomer, and having a Mooney viscosity (ML1+4,100° C.) of 10 to 200.","label":"IndustConst","id":1855} +{"sentence":"Certain alkali metal bis-phenethyl or tris-phenethyl-pyridines useful as multifunctional anionic initiatorsMultifunctional anionic initiators of the general formula Process for their synthesis, and use of them in polymerization processes.1. A multifunction anionic initiator of the formula wherein Me=an alkali metal R's=hydrogen or a C1-12alkyl group; and n=an integer of 2 or 3.","label":"Automobile","id":1856} +{"sentence":"Ligands for pnicogen chelate complexes with a metal of subgroup VIII and use of the complexes as catalysts for hydroformylation, carbonylation, hydrocyanation or hydrogenationPnicogen chelate compounds which have two pnicogen-containing groups joined to one another via a xanthene-like or triptycene-like molecular skeleton and in which at least one pyrrole group is covalently bound via its nitrogen atom to each pnicogen atom form complexes with metals of transition group VIII which are useful as catalysts for the hydroformylation of olefins.1. A pnicogen chelate compound of the formula I where Q is a bridging group of the formula where A1and A2are each, independently of one another, O, S, SiRaRb, NRcor CRdRe, where Ra, Rband Rcare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl, Rdand Reare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl or the group Rdtogether with a further group Rdor the group Retogether with a further group Reform an intramolecular bridging group D, D is a divalent bridging group selected from among the, groups where R9and R10are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, carboxyl, carboxylate or cyano or are joined to one another to form a C3–C4-alkylene bridge, R11, R12, R13and R14are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, halogen, trifluoromethyl, COOH, carboxylate, cyano, alkoxy, SO3H, sulfonate, NE1E2, alkylene-NE1E2E3+X−, acyl or nitro, c is 0 or 1, Y is a chemical bond, R5, R6, R7and R8are each, independently of one another, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl, hetaryl, COORf, COO−M+, SO3Rf, SO3−M+, NE1E2, NE1E2E3+X−, alkylene-NE1E2E3+X−, ORf, SRf, (CHRgCH2O)xRf, (CH2N(E1))xRf, (CH2CH2N(E1))xRf, halogen, trifluoromethyl, nitro, acyl or cyano, where Rf, E1, E2and E3are identical or different radicals selected from among hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl and aryl, Rgis hydrogen, methyl or ethyl, M+ is a cation, X− is an anion and x is an integer from 1 to b 120 , or R5and\/or R7together with two adjacent carbon atoms of the benzene ring to which they are bound form a fused ring system having 1, 2 or 3 further rings, a and b are each, independently of one another, b 0 or 1, Pn is a pnicogen atom selected from among the elements phosphorus, arsenic or antimony, and R1, R2, R3, R4are each, independently of one another, hetaryl, hetaryloxy, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, heterocycloalkyl, heterocycloalkoxy or an NE1E2group, with the proviso that R1and R3are pyrrole groups bound via the nitrogen atom to the pnicogen atom Pn, or R1together with R2and\/or R3together with R4form a divalent group E of the formula Py—I—W containing at least one pyrrole group bound via the pyrrole nitrogen to the pnicogen atom Pn, where Py is a pyrrole group, I is a chemical bond or O, S, SiRaRb, NRcor CRhRi, W is cycloalkyl, cycloalkoxy, aryl, aryloxy, hetaryl or hetaryloxy, and Rhand Riare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, aryl or hetaryl, or form a bispyrrole group of the formula Py—I—Py bound via the nitrogen atoms to the pnicogen atom Pn.","label":"Catalyst","id":1857} +{"sentence":"Organometal compound catalystThis invention provides catalyst compositions that are useful for polymerizing at least one monomer to produce a polymer. This invention also provides catalyst compositions that are useful for polymerizing at least one monomer to produce a polymer, wherein said catalyst composition comprises contacting an organometal compound, an organoaluminum compound, and a treated solid oxide compound.1. A process to produce a catalyst composition, said process comprising contacting an organometal compound, and organoaluminum compound, and a treated solid oxide compound to produce said catalyst composition substantially free of aluminoxane compounds and fluoro organic borate compounds, wherein said organometal compound has the following general formula: (X 1 )(X 2 )(X 3 )(X 4 )M 1 wherein M 1 is titanium, zirconium, or hafnium; wherein (X 1 ) is independently a cyclopentadienyl, an indenyl, a fluorenyl, substituted cyclopentadienyls, substituted indenyls, or substituted fluorenyls; wherein substituents on said substituted cyclopentadienyls, substituted indenyls, and substituted fluorenyls of (X 1 ) are aliphatic groups, cyclic groups, combinations of aliphatic and cyclic groups, silyl groups, alkyl halide groups, halides, organometallic groups, phosphorus groups, nitrogen groups, silicon, phosphorous, boron, germanium or hydrogen; wherein at least one substituent on (X 1 ) can be a bridging group which connects (X 1 ) and (X 2 ); wherein (X 3 ) and (X 4 ) are independently halides, aliphatic groups, substituted aliphatic groups, cyclic groups substituted cyclic groups, combinations of aliphatic groups and cyclic groups, combinations of substituted aliphatic groups and cyclic groups, combinations of aliphatic groups and substituted cyclic groups, combinations of substituted aliphatic groups and substituted cyclic groups, amido groups, substituted amido groups, phosphido group, substituted phosphido groups, alkyloxide groups, substituted alkyloxide groups, aryloxide groups, substituted aryloxide groups, organometallic groups, or substituted organometallic groups; wherein (X 2 ) is a cyclopentadienyl, an indenyl, a fluorenyl, substituted cyclopentadienyls, substituted indenyls, substituted fluorenyls, halides, aliphatic groups, substituted aliphatic groups, cyclic groups, substituted cyclic groups, combinations of aliphatic groups and cyclic groups, combinations of substituted aliphatic groups and cyclic groups, combinations of aliphatic groups and substituted cyclic groups, combinations of substituted aliphatic groups and substituted cyclic groups, amido groups, substituted amido groups, phosphido groups, substituted phosphido groups, alkyloxide groups, substituted alkyloxide groups, aryloxide groups, substituted aryloxide groups, organometallic groups, or substituted organometallic groups; wherein substituents on (X 2 ) are aliphatic groups, cyclic groups, combinations of aliphatic groups and cyclic groups, silyl groups, alkyl halide groups, halides, organometallic groups, phosphorus groups, nitrogen groups, silicon, phosphorous, boron, germanium or hydrogen; wherein at least one substituent on (X 2 ) can be a bridging group which connects (X 1 ) and (X 2 ); wherein said organoaluminum compound has the following general formula: Al(X 5 ) n (X 6 ) 3-n wherein (X 5 ) is a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; wherein (X 6 ) is a halide, hydride, or alkoxide; wherein n is a number from 1 to 3 inclusive; wherein said treated solid oxide compound comprises at least on halogen, titanium, and a solid oxide compound; wherein said halogen is chlorine, bromine, or fluorine; wherein the solid oxide compound is alumina, aluminophosphate, aluminosilicate, aluminoborate, silica-titania, silica-zirconia or mixtures thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":1858} +{"sentence":"Method and apparatus for producing purified methyl isobutyl ketoneThis invention relates to a method of producing purified methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) comprising subjecting a feed stream containing MIBK and impurities to a first distillation procedure from which acetone is recovered and a bottom product containing MIBK and impurities is withdrawn. This bottom product is fed to a second distillation column, where a vapor overhead product is withdrawn, condensed and fed to an overhead liquid-liquid separator. Part of an organic phase from the overhead liquid-liquid separator is fed to the second distillation column and part is fed to a third distillation column. A vapor overhead product is withdrawn from the third column which is condensed in the same said condenser. The condensed product is fed to the same said overhead liquid-liquid separator, and purified MIBK is withdrawn from the third distillation column. This invention also relates to an apparatus used in such a method.1. A method of producing purified methyl isobutyl ketone (MIBK) comprising: subjecting a feed stream containing MIBK and impurities in the form of at least water and organic compounds (including unreacted acetone) from a condensation and hydrogenation reaction of acetone to a first distillation procedure from which at least acetone is recovered and a bottom product containing MIBK and impurities is withdrawn; feeding the bottom product of the first distillation procedure to a second distillation column; withdrawing a vapour overhead product from the second distillation column; condensing said overhead product in a condensor; feeding the resulting condensed overhead product to an overhead liquid-liquid separator wherein an organic phase and an aqueous phase separate; and feeding part of the organic phase from the overhead liquid-liquid separator to the second distillation column; feeding part of the organic phase from the overhead liquid-liquid separator to a third distillation column; withdrawing a vapour overhead product from the third column which is condensed in the same condensor utilised for condensing vapour overhead product from the second distillation column; and fed to the overhead liquid-liquid separator (to which the condensed overhead product of the second distillation column is also fed); and withdrawing purified MIBK from the third distillation column.","label":"Process","id":1859} +{"sentence":"Method of purifying (meth)acrylic acidA crude acrylic acid-containing liquid containing acrylic acid is distilled in a distillation column to obtain a condensate of acrylic acid having an acrylic acid purity of 90% or more, and an oxygen-containing gas (air) containing oxygen is supplied to the condensate of acrylic acid in a reflux tank for receiving the condensate of acrylic acid. The present invention can efficiently produce high purity (meth)acrylic acid by preventing formation of a polymerized product of (meth)acrylic acid in the condensate obtained in production of high purity (meth)acrylic acid through distillation.1 . A method of purifying (meth)acrylic acid, comprising the steps of: distilling a crude (meth)acrylic acid-containing liquid comprising acrylic acid or methacrylic acid to obtain a condensate of (meth)acrylic acid having a (meth)acrylic acid purity of 90% or more; and supplying an oxygen-containing gas containing oxygen to the condensate of (meth)acrylic acid in a reflux tank for receiving the condensate of (meth)acrylic acid.","label":"Process","id":1860} +{"sentence":"Non-bridged metallocene complexes for the polymerization of olefinsThe present disclosure relates to metallocene catalyst and the use thereof to make polyolefins. In particular, the present disclosure relates to silyl-functionalized metallocene catalyst and the use of the silyl-functionalized metallocene catalyst to polymerize olefins and yield a polyolefin. Also, the present disclosure relates to a method for producing a polyolefin comprising at least the step of contacting an olefin with a metallocene catalyst to produce a polyolefin. In particular, the present disclosure provides a method for producing a polyolefin comprising the step of contacting an olefin with a silyl-functionalized metallocene catalyst.1. A catalyst composition comprising: (A) a metallocene complex having the formula: wherein L1 and L2 are each independently a ligand of the formula: wherein: X1 is CH2—CH2—CH2—SiCH3Cl2, —CH2—CH2—CH2—SiCl3, or —CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—CH2—SiCH3Cl2, or a substituted version of any of these groups; X2, X3, X4, X5, X6, X7, X8, X10, and X11 are each independently hydrogen, alkylC≦8, alkenylC≦8, alkynylC≦8, arylC≦12, aralkylC≦12, heterocycloalkylC≦12, heteroarylC≦12; X9 is hydrogen, alkylC≦8, alkenylC≦6, —O—Si—R1R2R3or a substituted version of either of these groups, wherein R1, R2and R3are independently selected from alkylC≦6, or alkenylC≦6, or a substituted version of either of these groups; X12 is hydrogen, alkylC≦8, or alkenylC≦6 or a substituted version of either of these groups; M is Ti, Zr, or Hf; and Y1 and Y2 are each independently a hydride, halide, carboxylate, phosphine, amine, alkylamino, alkenylamino, alkynylamino, arylamino, aralkylamino, alkoxylate, alkenyloxylate, alkynyloxylate, aryloxylate, or aralkyloxylate.","label":"Catalyst","id":1861} +{"sentence":"Processes for the chemical modification of inorganic aerogelsA process is described to modify the chemical structure of an aerogel under conditions which inhibit plasma formation within the aerogel pores, which process includes; (a) providing an aerogel with a pore size of less than 0.1μ; (b) exposing the initial aerogel to at least one gas selected from the group consisting of reducing gas, oxidizing gas, noble gas and combinations thereof, with the proviso that at least one reducing gas or one oxidizing gas is present; and (c) irradiating the combination of step (b) while maintaining the temperature to preserve the structural composition of the aerogel at a pressure of between about 0.1 and 54 Torr for between and about 5 and 960 minutes. This process produces a modified aerogel wherein the pore size does not allow for plasma formation within the pore. Chemical reactions occur within the pores of the aerogel of a nonplasma nature. These modified aerogels have a number of uses, including catalysts, ceramics, composites, chemical sensors, LED's and the like.1. A process to modify the chemical structure of a porous inorganic aerogel under conditions which inhibit plasma formation within the aerogel pores, which process comprises: (a) providing an initial aerogel with pore sizes of less than 0.1 μ; (b) exposing said initial aerogel to at least one gas selected from the group consisting of reducing gas, oxidizing gas and combinations thereof, with the proviso that at least one of said reducing gas or said oxidizing gas is present within the pores of the aerogel; and (c) irradiating the combination of step (b) with electromagnetic radiation for between and about 5 and 960 minutes, at a pressure of between about 0.1 and 54 Torr and at an elevated temperature which is sufficient to preserve the structural composition of said initial aerogel wherein a chemically modified aerogel is produced as a result of exposure to said gas and irradiation.","label":"IndustConst","id":1862} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic polyestersHigh impact and solvent resistant composition comprising (A) about 25 to 95 percent by weight of an aromatic polyester, (B) about 1 to 8 percent by weight of an aromatic polycarbonate, and (C) and balance to make 100% of a coreshell polymer having a butadiene-based core. Preferably the composition also includes about 1 to 150 parts by weight of glass fiber reinforcement per 100 parts of (A), (B), and (C).1. A composition having high impact and solvent resistance comprising A. about 25 to 95 percent by weight of an aromatic polyester; B. about 1 to 8 percent by weight of an aromatic polycarbonate; C. the balance to make 100% of a core-shell polymer polymerized from monomers comprising butadiene.","label":"IndustConst","id":1863} +{"sentence":"Method for refining dicyclopentadieneA first method for refining dicyclopentadiene of the present invention is characterized in that the method separates and recovers dicyclopentadiene by distilling the crude dicyclopentadiene that contains dicyclopentadiene and is obtained by removing a C5 fraction and a BTX fraction from the reaction product obtained by dimerization reaction of the cracked gasoline by-produced in an ethylene plant that uses as feed stock a C2 fraction, a C3 fraction and a C4 fraction. A second method for refining dicyclopentadiene of the present invention is characterized in that the dicyclopentadiene-containing fraction refined by distillation is brought into contact with an inert gas or a hydrocarbon gas having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.1. A method for distilling dicyclopentadiene consisting essentially of: distilling a crude dicyclopentadiene, which comprises 10 to 40% by mass methyl dicyclopentadiene, once to obtain at least a first fraction comprising a separated and recovered dicyclopentadiene, which comprises less than 1.0% by mass methyl dicyclopentadiene, and a second fraction that is heavier than the first fraction wherein the crude dicyclopentadiene is obtained by removing a C5 fraction and a BTX fraction from a reaction product obtained by performing a dimerization reaction on a cracked gasoline by-produced in an ethylene plant that uses as a feedstock a C2 fraction, a C3 fraction and a C4 fraction.","label":"Process","id":1864} +{"sentence":"Process for the separation of mixtures of substancesThe process of separating a mixture which is in liquid state or solid state or liquid and solid state and contains at least one compound containing an organic group, which comprises A. contacting said mixture with a gas maintained under supercritical conditions of temperature and pressure such that the gas will take up at least a portion of said mixture in a quantity varying inversely with said temperature, and effecting said contacting in a manner so that this occurs, and so that there is a substantial gas component that is identifiable as gas phase, B. separating the gas in the form of said identifiable gas phase loaded with the compound taken up during said contacting from any of the mixture not taken up by the gas while still maintaining supercritical conditions as aforesaid, C. thereafter separating the compound from the gas.1. The process of separating a mixture which is in liquid state or solid state or liquid and solid state composed of a plurality of compounds at least one of which contains an organic group which comprises: a. contacting said mixture with a gas phase preferentially taking up said compound containing an organic group at the contacting conditions, said gas phase during said contacting being maintained under supercritical conditions of temperature and pressure such that the gas takes up at least a portion of said compound containing an organic group, the temperature being in a range in which the quantity of said compound containing an organic group taken up by said gas phase varies inversely with said temperature, and effecting said contacting in a manner so that this occurs, and so that there is a substantial gas component that is identifiable as a gaseous component, the critical temperature of said gas phase being in the range of 0°-200°C, the temperature of said gas phase during said contacting being within about 100°C above the critical temperature, b. separating the gas phase in the form of said identifiable gaseous component loaded with said portion of the compound containing an organic group taken up during said contacting from any of the mixture not taken up by the gas phase while still maintaining supercritical conditions as aforesaid, c. thereafter separating at least part of the compound containing an organic group taken up, from the gas phase.","label":"Process","id":1865} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic film structures with a low melting point outer layerA film structure including at least a base layer containing a thermoplastic polymer and at least an outer layer containing a low melting point polymer. Methods of manufacturing the film structure, including the steps of coextruding melts corresponding to the individual layers of the film structure through a die and thereafter: simultaneously biaxially stretching the coextruded film sheet; or sequentially biaxially stretching the coextruded film sheet, wherein the machine-direction orientation (MDO) is performed with a radiant-heated MDO stretcher. An extrusion-coated film structure exhibiting strong bond adhesion, and a method of manufacturing the same are also provided.1 . A coextruded, biaxially oriented film structure comprising a base layer comprising a thermoplastic polymer and a first outer layer comprising a thermoplastic polymer that has a melting point of not more than 230° F.","label":"Construct","id":1866} +{"sentence":"Slurry polymerisation process of ethylene in the presence of low amount of scavengerThe invention discloses a metallocene catalysed slurry polymerisation process of ethylene in the presence of a low concentration of scavenger. This allows improving the anti-sheeting of the reactor during the polymerisation process.1. A slurry process for producing polyethylene in two loop reactors comprising: polymerising ethylene alone or in combination with one or more alpha-olefinic comonomers in the presence of a supported metallocene catalyst, a polymerisation diluent. and a scavenger represented by the formula AlRx wherein each R is the same or different and is an alkyl group having from 3 to 8 carbon atoms, and x is 3, said scavenger being introduced in an amount of 5 to 40 ppm by weight based on the total amount of the diluent and reactants introduced to a first reactor; and additional ethylene, polymerisation diluent, and scavenger are introduced into the second reactor, the amount of the additional scavenger introduced into the second reactor being in the range of from 5 to 40 ppm by weight based on the additional diluent and additional reactants introduced into the second reactor.","label":"HouseConst","id":1867} +{"sentence":"Plasticizers and plasticized polymeric compositionsPlasticizers comprising a succinate ester and an epoxidized natural oil and plasticized polymeric compositions comprising such plasticizers. Such plasticized polymeric compositions can be employed in forming various articles of manufacture, such as coated conductors.1. A plasticized polymeric vinyl chloride composition consisting of: (a) a vinyl chloride resin; (b) a plasticizer consisting of: (i) from 30 to 50 weight percent of a succinate ester, based on the entire weight of the plasticizer, and (ii) from 50 to 70 weight percent of an epoxidized natural oil, based on the entire weight of the plasticizer; and (c) optionally, an additive selected from the group consisting of a metal soap, a lead stabilizer, an epoxide, a salt of monocarboxylic acid, an organic phosphite, a betadiketone, calcium carbonate, clay, silica, antimony trioxide, an antioxidant, and combinations thereof, wherein said plasticized polymeric vinyl chloride composition has a Shore D hardness of less than 30, as determined by ASTM D2240 when said plasticizer is present in an amount of 52 parts per hundred resin based on 100 parts by weight of the vinyl chloride resin, wherein said plasticized vinyl chloride polymer composition has a tensile elongation retention of at least 30% when aged at 100° C. for 168 hours, as determined by ASTM D638.","label":"HouseConst","id":1868} +{"sentence":"Enhancing absorption rates of superabsorbents by incorporating a blowing agentAn improved superabsorbent polymer having increased rate of water absorption is obtained by the addition, preferably prior to polymerization, of a carbonate blowing agent to a monomer solution of the monomers used to form the superabsorbent polymer. Preferred monomers include (meth)acrylic acids, preferably partially neutralized prior to polymerization and appropriate cross-linking agents. The carbonate cross-linking agents are any carbonate salt soluble or dispersible in the monomer solution, prior to polymerization. The multi-valent cationic salts of carbonate are preferred, especially the complex carbonates, for example, of magnesium.1. A method of improving the rate of absorption of aqueous body fluids, including blood and urine, by (meth)acrylic acid based superabsorbent polymers, which comprises: 1). Dissolving at least one (meth)acrylic acid monomer and\/or its sodium salt and a cross-linking agent in an aqueous solution to form a monomer solution; 2). Adding to the monomer solution a carbonate blowing agent in sufficient amount to form, when polymerized to a hydrogel, a microcellular expanded polymer gel; thereby forming a carbonated monomer solution; then; 3). Initiating free radical polymerization by adding to the carbonated monomer solution either immediately before or immediately after, or simultaneously with the addition of the blowing agent, an effective amount of at least one free radical initiator and polymerizing at temperatures ranging from about 0° C. to about 100° C. to form a microcellular hydrogel; and then; 4). Chopping or grinding said microcellular hydrogel into gel pieces having a particle diameter size ranging from about 0.1 mm to about 5.0 cm, and then; 5). Drying said gel pieces at temperatures ranging from about 85° C.-210° C. to form dry pieces which dry pieces are ground to a size of from 0.05 mm to 5.0 mm diameter to form an improved dry superabsorbent polymer; and then; 6). Exposing said improved dry superabsorbent polymers to aqueous body fluids, thereby achieving an improved rate of absorption of aqueous body fluids by (meth)acrylic acid based superabsorbents.","label":"Household","id":1869} +{"sentence":"Method for surface-treatment of water absorbent resinThis invention is to provide a method for surface-treatment of a water absorbent resin excelling in water absorption properties. This invention relates to a method for the surface-treatment of a water absorbent resin, which comprises: a) mixing 100 parts by weight of a water absorbent resin, 0.01-20 parts by weight of at least one radical polymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of persulfates, hydrogen peroxide, and azo compounds, and a radically polymerizing compound and b) irradiating the resultant mixture with active energy rays. The treatment particularly exalts the absorption ratio against pressure and the saline flow conductivity.1. A method for the surface-treatment of a water absorbent resin, which comprises: a) mixing a water absorbent resin with 0.01-20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total amount of the water absorbent resin, of at least one radical polymerization initiator selected from the group consisting of persulfates, hydrogen peroxide, and azo compounds, and a radically polymerizing compound, in an amount in the range of 1-9 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the water absorbent resin; and b) irradiating the resultant mixture with active energy rays.","label":"Household","id":1870} +{"sentence":"Multi-stage polymer particles having a hydrophobically-modified, ionically-soluble stageMulti-stage polymer particles comprising at least one hydrophobically-modified, ionically-soluble polymer stage polymerized from a) hydrophobic monomer, b) ethylenically-unsaturated, ionizable monomer, c) non-ionic, ethylenically-unsaturated monomer and optionally d) multi-functional compound are improved thickeners.1. Polymer particle comprising two or more polymer stages wherein (a). the outermost stage of said polymer stages is ionically-soluble polymer, said ionically-soluble polymer being polymerized from a monomer mixture comprising: (1) about 0.1 to about 55% by weight hydrophobic monomer having the formula; R1and R5independently are (C1-C30) alkyl, a (mono-, di-, or tri-) (C1-C30) alkyl-substituted phenyl ring, or a sorbitan fatty ester; R2,R3and R4independently are --H or (C1-C10) alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl; a is 0 or 1; b is 0 to 50; c is 0 to 150; d is 0 to 50; e is equal to or greater than 1 and X is a group containing at least one ethylenic double bond; (2) about 10 to about 60% by weight (C3-C30) ethylenically-unsaturated, ionizable monomer, and (3) about 0.1 to about 90% by weight nonionic (C2-C30) ethylenically-unsaturated monomer and (4) 0 to about 10% by weight multifunctional compounds; (b). said ionically-soluble polymer is physically or chemically attached to said polymer particle such that, upon neutralizing said ionically-soluble polymer with base or acid, at least a portion of said ionically-soluble polymer remains attached to the remainder of said polymer particle; and (c). said ionically-soluble polymer comprises from about 1% to about 99% by weight of said polymer particle.","label":"Household","id":1871} +{"sentence":"Metallocene compounds, catalysts comprising them, process for producing an olefin polymer by use of the catalysts, and olefin homo- and copolymersCertain metallocene compounds are provided that, when used as a component in a supported polymerization catalyst under industrially relevant polymerization conditions, afford high molar mass homo polymers or copolymers like polypropylene or propylene\/ethylene copolymers without the need for any α-branched substituent in either of the two available 2-positions of the indenyl ligands. The substituent in the 2-position of one indenyl ligand can be any radical comprising hydrogen, methyl, or any other C2-C40 hydrocarbon which is not branched in the α-position, and the substituent in the 2-position of the other indenyl ligand can be any C4-C40 hydrocarbon radical with the proviso that this hydrocarbon radical is branched in the β-position. This metallocene topology affords high melting point, very high molar mass homo polypropylene and very high molar mass propylene-based copolymers. The activity\/productivity levels of catalysts including the metallocenes of the present invention are exceptionally high.1. A bridged metallocene having the general Formula Ia below, where M1is a metal of Group IVb of the Periodic Table of the Elements, R1and R2are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an OH group, a halogen atom, or a NR232group, where R32is an alkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms or an aryl group of from 6 to about 14 carbon atoms and R1and R2may form one or more ring system(s), R4and R4′ are identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, a linear, cyclic or branched hydrocarbon group optionally containing one or more hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl and Br, R10is a bridging group wherein R10is selected from: where R40and R41, even when bearing the same index, can be identical or different and can optionally contain heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, Cl and Br, and are each a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having from 1 to about 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 40 carbon atoms, a fluoroalkyl group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 10 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 10 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl, an alkyl(aryl)silyl group, an arylsilyl group, or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms or wherein R40and R41together with the atoms connecting them can form one or more cyclic systems, x is an integer from 1 to 18, M12is silicon, germanium or tin, and R10can optionally link two units of the formula 1 to one another, R11and R11′ are identical or different and are each a divalent C2-C40 group which together with the cyclopentadienyl ring forms a further saturated or unsaturated ring system having a ring size of from 5 to 7 atoms, where R11and R11optionally contain the heteroatoms Si, Ge, N, P, O or S within the ring system fused onto the cyclopentadienyl ring, R300is a —CH2—CR301R302R303or a —CH═CR302R303group where R301, R302and R303are identical or different and\/or R302and R303together may form a ring system and\/or R301, R302and R303together may form a ring system, and R301, R302, R303are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atom or a linear, cyclic or branched hydrocarbon group selected from an alkyl group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group of from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, an arylalkyl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl group of from 7 to about 40 carbon atoms, or an arylalkenyl group of from 8 to about 40 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group of from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, an aryloxy group of from 6 to about 20 carbon atoms, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkylsilyl group, an alkyl(aryl)silyl group or an arylsilyl group, wherein the groups optionally contain one or more hetero atoms selected from the group consisting of Si, B, Al, O, S, N, P, F, Cl and Br, with the proviso, that R302and R303are not hydrogen atoms, R3has the meaning of R300or R3is a hydrogen atom; and wherein the metallocene is a compound selected from the group consisting of: Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl -phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-trimethylsilylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-(2-methoxy-2-methyl-propyl)-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-(2,6-dimethyl-benzyl)-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-(2,4,6-trimethyl-benzyl)-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo [2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo [2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, Dimethylsilanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdi chloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-adamantylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride,(Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride,(Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyljzirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(n-propyl)silanediylbis[2-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-t-butylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclopentylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-methyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride,(Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)- indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-pheynl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4 -(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)- indenyl ]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis [2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cyclohexylmethyl-4-(3,5-terphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(1-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(2-naphthyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl) (3,3,3 -trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2 -adamantylmethyl-4 -(4 -biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdicholoride,(Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-ethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-n-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-i-propyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-t-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-sec-butyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-cyclohexyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-trimethylsilyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(4-adamantyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3-biphenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cycloheptylmethyl-4-(3,5-dimethyl-phenyl)-indenyl]zirconiumdichloride, (Methyl)(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silanediylbis[2-cy...","label":"Catalyst","id":1872} +{"sentence":"Processes for converting glycerol to amino alcoholsProcesses for converting glycerol to an amino alcohol product involving reacting glycerol with a metal catalyst to obtain hydroxyacetone, and reacting the hydroxyacetone with an amine compound to obtain an adduct that is then reduced using a reducing agent to obtain an amino alcohol product are described.1. A process for converting glycerol to an amino alcohol product comprising: reacting glycerol with a metal catalyst to obtain hydroxyacetone; reacting the hydroxyacetone with an amine compound to obtain an adduct; and reducing the adduct using a reducing agent to obtain an amino alcohol product.","label":"Process","id":1873} +{"sentence":"Method for production of (meth) acrylic acidA method for producing (meth)acrylic acid of high purity by repressing formation of a polymer possibly generated during the course of production is disclosed. The production is accomplished by returning the waste liquid generated at the step of the addition of aldehyde treating agents (d) to the step of the absorption (b) and\/or the step of separation (c).1. A method for producing (meth)acrylic acid, which comprising: (a) a step of obtaining a gaseous reaction product containing (meth)acrylic acid by subjecting at least one member selected from the group consisting of propylene, propane, acrolein, and a mixture thereof or at least one member selected from the group consisting of isobutylene, t-butyl alcohol, methyl-t-butyl ether, methacrolein, and a mixture thereof to the reaction of catalytic gas phase oxidation; (b) a step of absorbing the gaseous reaction product by the use of a solvent; (c) a step of separating said solvent, a low boiling impurity, and a high boiling impurity from the (meth)acrylic acid solution absorbed with said solvent by extraction and\/or distillation and obtaining crude (meth)acrylic acid solution containing aldehydes having boiling points approximating closely to the boiling point of(meth) acrylic acid as impurities; (d) a step of adding an aldehyde treating agent to said crude (meth)acrylic acid and subjecting the resultant mixture to vacuum distillation thereby obtaining (meth)acrylic acid of high purity; and (e) a step of returning the waste liquid generated in said step (d) to said step (b) and\/or said step (c).","label":"Process","id":1874} +{"sentence":"Combined rankine and vapor compression cyclesAn organic rankine cycle system is combined with a vapor compression cycle system with the turbine generator of the organic rankine cycle generating the power necessary to operate the motor of the refrigerant compressor. The vapor compression cycle is applied with its evaporator cooling the inlet air into a gas turbine, and the organic rankine cycle is applied to receive heat from a gas turbine exhaust to heat its boiler within one embodiment, a common condenser is used for the organic rankine cycle and the vapor compression cycle, with a common refrigerant, R-245a being circulated within both systems. In another embodiment, the turbine driven generator has a common shaft connected to the compressor to thereby eliminate the need for a separate motor to drive the compressor.1. A method of generating power comprising the steps of: operating a gas turbine for driving a generator, said gas turbine having an inlet for receiving inlet air and an outlet for discharging exhaust gases; operating an rankine cycle system having a boiler, a turbine for driving a generator, a condenser and a pump wherein said boiler is heated by gas turbine exhaust; and operating an air conditioning system having an evaporator, a motor driven compressor, a condenser and a expansion device, wherein said evaporator is applied to cool said gas turbine inlet air; and driving said motor compressor with power from said rankine cycle generator.","label":"Process","id":1875} +{"sentence":"Liquid glycol benzoate compositionsThe present invention relates to liquid compositions comprising mixtures of esters derived from a) diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol and b) benzoic or toluic acid. The freezing point of the ester mixture is below the freezing points of the constituent esters when the relative concentrations of the constituent esters are within specified limits. The invention also relates oils and lubricants containing the present liquid ester compositions as plasticizing additives.1. A liquid ester composition comprising 1) a first diester of the formula ArC(O)(OCH2CH2)2O(O)CAr and 2) a second diester of the formula ArC(O)(OCH2CH2)3O(O)CAr; wherein Ar represents a phenyl or methylphenyl radical, and the freezing point of said composition is below the freezing points of said first and second diesters.","label":"HouseConst","id":1876} +{"sentence":"Esterification of (meth)acrylic acid with an alkanolIn a process for esterifying (meth)acrylic acid with an alkanol in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, in which unconverted starting compounds and the (meth)acrylates to be formed are separated off by distillation and an oxyester-containing bottom product is formed, the bottom product is separated off and is heated in the presence of an acid to 150-250° C. and the pressure is adjusted so that the cleavage products formed under the abovementioned conditions from the oxyesters contained in the bottom product evaporate directly. The process can be carried out in the presence of molecular oxygen. Mineral acids, for example sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid and\/or alkanesulfonic or arylsulfonic acids, for example methanesulfonic acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid, can be added to the bottom product.1. A process comprising: 1) esterifying (meth)acrylic acid with an alkanol in the presence of an acidic esterification catalyst, 2) separating unconverted starting compounds, a (meth)acrylate and an oxyester-containing bottom product by distillation; 3) heating a composition consisting essentially of said oxyester-containing bottom product and an acid, to from 150-250° C. at a pressure such that cleavage products formed from oxyesters contained in said bottom product are isolated concurrent with cleavage.","label":"Process","id":1877} +{"sentence":"Organotrilithium polymerization initiatorsPreparation of novel organotrilithium initiators, which are soluble in hydrocarbon media, from disubstituted vinylaromatic compounds and mono- and dilithium organic compounds, said initiators being useful in the polymerization of conjugated dienes and copolymerization of these with vinylaromatic compounds.1. A process for preparing hydrocarbon solvent-soluble predominately organotrilithium compounds which comprises mono-adducting an aromatic hydrocarbon containing two vinylic groups with a monolithium compound which is an alkyllithium, or an aralkyllithium in which aralkyl radical is an unsubstituted hydrocarbon radical, and then subsequently reacting the remaining vinylic linkage with an organodilithium compound consisting solely of lithium, carbon and hydrogen and capable of adducting to activated unsaturated groupings.","label":"Automobile","id":1878} +{"sentence":"Tetramerization of olefinsThe invention describes a process for tetramerisation of olefins wherein the product stream of the process contains more than 30% of the tetramer olefin. The process includes the step of contacting an olefinic feedstream with a catalyst system containing a transition metal compound and a heteroatomic ligand.1. A process for the oligomerisation of olefins comprising contacting an olefinic feedstream with a catalyst system which includes the combination of: a transition metal compound; and a heteroatomic ligand described by the following general formula (R)nA-B—C(R)m where A and C are independently an atom selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, oxygen, bismuth, sulphur, selenium and nitrogen or said atom oxidized by S, Se, N or O, where the valance of A and\/or C allows for such oxidation; B is a linking group between A and C; the R groups are the same or different and each R is independently selected from a homo hydrocarbyl group and a heterohydrocarbyl group, and at least one R has a polar substituent; and n and m for each R is independently determined by the respective valence and oxidation state of A and C; and provided that when the heteroatomic ligand is described by the following general formula (R1)(R2)A-B—C(R3)(R4) wherein A and C are independently selected from the group consisting of phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and nitrogen; B is a linking group between A and C; and each of R1, R2, R3and R4is independently selected from the group consisting of a non-aromatic group, an aromatic group, and a heteroaromatic group; at least one of R1, R2, R3and R4, if aromatic, has a polar substituent on a 2ndor further atom from the atom bound to A or C and provided that any polar substituents that R1, R2, R3and R4may have, if they are aromatic, are not on the atom adjacent to the atom bound to A or C.","label":"Catalyst","id":1879} +{"sentence":"ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS, PRODUCTION PROCESSES THEREOF, PRESSURE-SENSITIVE ADHESIVE COMPOSITIONS CONTAINING THE ORGANOSILICON COMPOUNDS, SELF-ADHESIVE POLARIZERS AND LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAYSOrganosilicon compounds are represented by the following formula: wherein R is a hydrolyzable group, R′ is an alkyl having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, X is O or S, Y is —NH— or S, L1and L2are C or N, Z and M are —NH—, O or S, R1to R11are H, alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy or fluoroalkyl, or amino, m is 1 to 3, and n is 0 to 3. R1and R2or R2and R3may bonded together. R5and R6or R9and R10may directly bond together. R4and R7or R8and R11may form a ring skeleton. Their production processes, pressure-sensitive adhesive compositions, self-adhesive polarizers and LCDs are also disclosed.1 . An organosilicon compound represented by the following formula (1): wherein R is a hydrolyzable group, R′ is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, A is a linear or branched alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, X is an oxygen atom or sulfur atom, Y is —NH— or a sulfur atom, L1and L2are each independently a carbon atom or nitrogen atom, R1to R3are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl, alkoxy or fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, or an amino group, R1and R2or R2and R3may bond together to form a ring skeleton with the carbon atoms to which they are bonded and L2, m is an integer of 1 to 3, and n is an integer of 0 to 3.","label":"Automobile","id":1880} +{"sentence":"Plastisol composition and container closure gasket made therefromA plastisol composition containing as the resin component a copolymer of a normal α-olefin and maleic ahydride (1:1 mole ratio) having the structure WHEREIN B is a member of the group consisting of and the hydrolysis product thereof, R is H or CxH2x+1,x is 1 to 16 and n is 2-300, and a plasticizer for said resin component. The plastisol when fluxed can be used as a closure gasket for containers.1. A plastisol composition comprising (a) a copolymer resin of a normal α-olefin and maleic anhydride (1:1 mole ratio) having a particle size in the range from about 0.1 to about 1500 microns and having the structure wherein B is a member of the group consisting of R is H or CxH2x+1'sx is 1 to 16 and n is 2-300, and (b) 65-600 parts\/100 parts copolymer of a polyol plasticizer.","label":"HouseConst","id":1881} +{"sentence":"Rubber compositionThe invention relates to vulcanizable rubber compositions comprising at least the following components: a) at least one functionalized polymer, b) at least one modified polybutadiene having a proportion of cis-1,4 units of >95% by weight and a proportion of 1,2-vinyl content of <1% by weight, the polybutadiene having been modified by means of sulphur chlorides after the polymerization, c) at least one silica, d) at least one further filler, e) at least one vulcanizing agent, f) at least one oil and g) optionally at least one further rubber additive.1. Vulcanizable rubber composition comprising: a) at least one functionalized polymer, b) at least one modified polybutadiene having a proportion of cis-1,4 units of >95% by weight and a 1,2-vinyl content of <1% by weight, the polybutadiene having been modified by means of sulphur chlorides after the polymerization, c) at least one silica, d) at least one further filler, e) at least one vulcanizing agent, and f) at least one oil.","label":"Automobile","id":1882} +{"sentence":"POLYOLEFIN-BASED HIGH DIELECTRIC STRENGTH (HDS) NANOCOMPOSITES, COMPOSITIONS THEREFOR, AND RELATED METHODSThe present invention is a cable having (a) one or more electrical conductors or a core of one or more electrical conductors and (b) each conductor or core being surrounded by a layer of insulation. The insulation layer is prepared from a composition comprising a polyolefin and a 3-dimensional, cage-structured nanoparticle. The preferred polyolefins are polyethylene polymers, and the preferred nanoparticles are polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS), polyhedral oligomeric silicates (POS), or polyhedral oligomeric siloxanes.1 . An insulation composition comprising: (a) a polyolefin and (b) a 3-dimensional, cage-structured nanoparticle.","label":"HouseConst","id":1883} +{"sentence":"WATER-ABSORBENT RESIN POWDER AND ABSORBER AND ABSORBENT ARTICLE USING THE SAMETo provide an absorber that has a high absorption speed, is unlikely to cause a liquid to remain on a skin-contacting surface, has excellent dry feeling, and is unlikely to cause excreted body fluid to return, and a water-absorbent resin powder that can be suitably used in the absorber. A water-absorbent resin powder of the present invention is characterized by meeting the following requirements (a) to (d): (a) a bulk density: 0.45 g\/ml to 0.62 g\/ml; (b) an absorption speed by a vortex method: 20 seconds to 50 seconds; (c) a liquid-passing speed under load: 10 seconds or less; and (d) a moisture absorption blocking ratio: 5% or less. An absorber of the present invention uses the water-absorbent resin powder of the present invention. An absorbent article of the present invention includes the absorber of the present invention.1 . A water-absorbent resin powder meeting the following requirements (a) to (d): (a) a bulk density: 0.45 g\/ml to 0.62 g\/ml; (b) an absorption speed by a vortex method: 20 seconds to 50 seconds; (c) a liquid-passing speed under load: 10 seconds or less; and (d) a moisture absorption blocking ratio: 5% or less.","label":"Household","id":1884} +{"sentence":"Dynamic modulation of metallocene catalystsThis invention relates to a process to alter comonomer distribution in a copolymer (as compared to a copolymer made absent the Lewis base modifier) comprising contacting ethylene and one or more C3 to C40 comonomers; with a catalyst system comprising: 1) a Lewis base modifier; 2) an activator; and 3) a bridged bisindenyl group 4 transition metal metallocene catalyst compound having a hydrogen atom at least one 2 position.1. A process to alter comonomer distribution in a copolymer (as compared to a copolymer made under the same conditions absent the Lewis base modifier) comprising contacting ethylene and one or more C3 to C40 comonomers; with a catalyst system consisting essentially of: 1) Lewis base modifier present at greater than 1:1 molar ratio of Lewis base modifier to activator, where the Lewis base modifier is represented by the formula: (R1)z(R2)Xn(R3)(R4)y or (R1)z(R4)yXn═R2or Z═C—R5 where, z is 0 or 1, y is 0 or 1, a is the valence of X and is 2 or 3, and z y 2 n, X is a group 15 atom, Z is N or P, R1, R4, and R5each, independently, are hydrogen, a heteroatom, a substituted heteroatom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted gar unsubstituted aryl, R2and R3each, independently, are a heteroatom, a substituted heteroatom, or a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl or substituted or unsubstituted aryl, and R1and R2can form a single ring, R1and R4can form a single ring, R2and R3can form a single ring, and R3and R4can form a single ring; 2) activator and optional co-activator; and 3) metallocene catalyst compound represented by the formula: where; M is a Group transition 4 metal; z is 1 indicating the presence of a bridging group T, each X′ is, independently, selected from the group consisting of hydrocarbyl radicals having from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, hydrides, amides, alkoxides, sulfides, phosphides, halides, dienes, amines, phosphines, ethers, and a combination thereof, (two X′ groups may form a part of a fused ring or a ring system), each R is, independently, hydrogen, or a C1 to C10 alkyl group, provided that at least one R1 group is H; each R2 is, independently, hydrogen, or a C1 to C10 alkyl group; each R3, R4, R5, and R6 is, independently, hydrogen, a substituted hydrocarbyl group, an unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group, or a heteroatom, provided that any of adjacent R3, R4, R5, and R6 groups may form a fused ring or multicenter fused ring system where the rings may be aromatic, partially saturated or saturated, wherein the process occurs at a temperature of from about 0° C. to about 120° C.","label":"Construct","id":1885} +{"sentence":"Process for producing rubber modified styrene resinsDisclosed is a process for continuously producing rubber modified styrene resins wherein the rubbery phase including a rubber-like polymer is transformed into dispersed particles by using a reactor having both a helical-blade agitator mounted in a draft tube and an auxiliary agitator, by establishing a specified agitating force and a specified degree of circulation of the fluid within the reactor, and by maintaining a specified relation between the weight percentages, based on the total amount of all components within the reactor, of the rubber-like polymer and the monomer converted to polymer. According to this process, various grades of high-impact rubber modified styrene resins having excellent surface properties can be obtained without any adhesion of rubber-like matter to the reactor and without any formation of fisheyes in final products.1. A process for continuously producing rubber modified styrene resins from a rubber-like polymer and a styrene monomer according to solution or bulk polymerization techniques, which comprises (A) transforming the rubbery phase including said rubber-like polymer into dispersed particles in a stirred-tank reactor having both a helical-blade agitator mounted in a draft tube and an auxiliary agitator for cuasing the stream of fluid having just entered said reactor to diverge and flow in various directions; (B) controlling the agitating efficiency of said agitators in such a way that the average number of circulations of the fluid within said reactor is not less than 20 per hour; (C) operating said helical-blade agitator in such a way that the value of N2·D satisfies [Equation] 20>N2·D>0.15 where N is the rotational speed, in rps, of said helical-blade agitator and D is the diameter, in meters, of said helical-blade agitator; and (D) determining the operating conditions in such a way that the values of X1and X2satisfy [Equation] 20≥X1 and [Equation] 50≥X2≥2.4X1-0.05X12 where X1is the weight percentage of said rubber-like polymer and X2is the weight percentage of the polymerizable monomer converted to polymer, said weight percentages being based on the total amount of all components within said reactor.","label":"HouseConst","id":1886} +{"sentence":"Elastomer blend and use in tiresHigh viscosity elastomers are often difficult to utilize in rubber compositions without first creating a pre-blend of the high viscosity elastomer and a rubber processing oil to reduce their overall viscosity. This invention relates to utilization of a specialized pre-blend of high viscosity and low viscosity elastomers for use in rubber compositions and to the resulting rubber composition. The use of such resulting rubber composition may be for component(s) of tires, particularly including tire treads. The specialized pre-blend of high and low viscosity elastomers is required to be created by blending individual latices or, alternatively, by blending individual polymerizates of elastomers with diverse viscosities.1. A method of preparing a tire which comprises first forming a pre-blend of two diene-based elastomers, blending said pre-blend with at least one additional diene-based elastomer having a Mooney (ML4) viscosity in a range between 20 and 70, shaping the resulting rubber composition into a suitable tread stock, building the tread stock onto an uncured tire rubber carcass and vulcanizing the tread\/carcass assembly in a suitable mold under conditions of elevated temperature and pressure; wherein said pre-blend of elastomers is prepared by (A) blending (1) a first latex of a diene-based elastomer having a Mooney (ML4) viscosity in a range of about 70 to about 140 with an additional latex of a diene-based elastomer having a Mooney (ML4) viscosity in a range of about 5 to about 20, or (2) a first polymerizate of a diene-based elastomer having a Mooney (ML4) viscosity in a range of about 70 to about 140 with an additional polymerizate of a diene-based elastomer having a Mooney (ML4) viscosity in a range of about 5 to about 20, followed by (B) drying and recovering the resulting elastomer blend; wherein the weight ratio of said first high viscosity elastomer to said additional low viscosity elastomer is in a range of about 20\/1 to about 1\/1.","label":"IndustConst","id":1887} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization processA slurry process for polymerizing ethylene is disclosed. The process comprises polymerizing ethylene in a first reactor in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported dimethylsilyl-bridged indeno[1,2-b]indolyl zirconium complex to produce an ethylene homopolymer, removing some of the unreacted hydrogen, and reacting the homopolymer slurry in a second reactor with ethylene and a C3-C10 α-olefin to produce polyethylene. The polyethylene has weight-average molecular weight greater than 150,000, broad molecular weight distribution, low long-chain branching, and it provides pipes or molded articles with good environmental stress crack resistance.1. A slurry process for making polyethylene useful in pipe or molding applications and having low long-chain branching and broad molecular weight distribution, said process comprising: (a) in a first reactor, polymerizing ethylene in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst comprising an activator and a supported, dimethylsilyl-bridged indeno[1,2-b]indolyl zirconium complex to produce a slurry comprising an ethylene homopolymer having a weight-average molecular weight within the range of 15,000 and 150,000; (b) removing at least some of the unreacted hydrogen from the slurry; and (c) in a second reactor, reacting the slurry from step (b) with ethylene and a C3-C10 α-olefin to produce polyethylene with a weight-average molecular weight greater than 150,000, an Mw\/Mn greater than 20, and a viscosity enhancement factor of less than 2.0; wherein the complex has a structure selected from the group consisting of: wherein each R1 is independently a C1-C10 hydrocarbyl; each R2 is independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, and Cl-C10 hydrocarbyl; R3 is a C4-C10 hydrocarbyl; and each L is independently selected from the group consisting of halide, alkoxy, aryloxy, siloxy, alkylamino, and C1-C30 hydrocarbyl.","label":"HouseConst","id":1888} +{"sentence":"Plasticizer composition comprising di(2-ethylhexyl) terephthalateA method for preparing an aromatic di-ester includes combining an aromatic di-acid and a linear or branched C4-C13 alcohol to form a mixture. The method also includes heating the mixture from a first temperature (T1) to a second temperature (T2) without a catalyst present in the mixture. The method further includes combining a titanium catalyst with the mixture after the mixture is at the second temperature (T2). The method further includes increasing pressure from a first pressure (P1) to a second pressure (P2) after the mixture is at the second temperature (T2). The method further includes increasing the temperature of the mixture from the second temperature (T2) to a third temperature (T3) while maintaining the second pressure (P2).1. A method for preparing an aromatic di-ester comprising: combining an aromatic di-acid and a linear or branched C4-C13 alcohol to form a mixture; heating the mixture from a first temperature (T1) to a second temperature (T2) without a catalyst present in the mixture; combining a titanium catalyst with the mixture after the mixture is at the second temperature (T2); increasing pressure from a first pressure (P1) to a second pressure (P2) after the mixture is at the second temperature (T2); and increasing the temperature of the mixture from the second temperature (T2) to a third temperature (T3) while maintaining the second pressure (P2).","label":"HouseConst","id":1889} +{"sentence":"Foams made from water-absorbing, basic polymers, method for the production and utilization thereofFoams composed of water-absorbing basic polymers, obtainable by (I) foaming a crosslinkable aqueous mixture including (a) at least one basic polymer whose basic groups have optionally been neutralized, (b) at least one crosslinker, (c) at least one surfactant, (d) optionally at least one solubilizer, (e) optionally thickeners, foam stabilizers, fillers, fibers and\/or cell nucleators, and (f) optionally particulate water-absorbing acidic polymers, by dissolving a gas which is inert toward free radicals in the crosslinkable aqueous mixture under a pressure from 2 to 400 bar and subsequently decompressing the crosslinkable aqueous mixture to atmospheric or by dispersing fine bubbles of a gas which is inert toward free radicals, and (II) crosslinking the foamed mixture to form a hydrogel foam and if applicable adjusting the water content of the polymer foam to 1-60% by weight. Preparation of the foams by application of the abovementioned measures (I) and (II) and use of the thus obtainable foams in hygiene articles to absorb body fluids, in dressing material to cover wounds, as a sealing material, as a packaging material, as a soil improver, as a soil substitute, to dewater sludges, to absorb aqueous acidic wastes, to thicken waterborne paints or coatings in the course of disposing of residual quantities thereof, to dewater water-containing oils or hydrocarbons or as a material for filters in ventilation systems.1. A water-absorbing basic polymer foam prepared by (I) foaming a crosslinkable aqueous mixture including (a) at least one basic polymer whose basic groups have optionally been neutralized, said basic polymer free of acid monomers, (b) at least one crosslinker, (c) at least one surfactant, (d) optionally at least one solubilizer, (e) optionally thickeners, foam stabilizers, fillers, fibers, cell nucleators, and mixtures thereof and (f) optionally particulate water-absorbing acidic polymers, by dissolving a gas which is inert toward free radicals in the crosslinkable aqueous mixture under a pressure from 2 to 400 bar and subsequently decompressing the crosslinkable aqueous mixture to atmospheric or by dispersing fine bubbles of a gas which is inert toward free radicals, and (II) crosslinking the foamed mixture to form a hydrogel foam and optionally adjusting a water content of the polymer foam to 1-60% by weight.","label":"Household","id":1890} +{"sentence":"Low pressure olefin recovery processA low-pressure olefins recovery process and plant are described. The feed gas is compressed and distilled at a primary distillation pressure. The overhead stream is chilled at a pressure less than 30 kg\/cm2 (430 psia) to partially condense the overheads. The primary distillation tower is refluxed with at least a portion of the condensate. The overhead vapor is further chilled and partially condensed and the condensate is fed to a demethanizer. The remaining vapor is cooled in a cold section and the resultant liquid is phase-separated and expanded to provide refrigeration for the cold section. The expanded vapor from the cold section is recycled to the process gas compressor. The bottoms streams from the primary distillation zone and the demethanizer are fractionated into respective streams consisting essentially of ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, C4's, and C5+.1. A process for recovering olefins from a feed stream, comprising: supplying the feed stream at a primary distillation pressure, including if required compressing the feed stream in a primary compression stage; distilling the feed stream at the primary distillation pressure in a primary distillation zone to obtain a primary overhead vapor stream enriched in ethylene and one or more ethylene-lean bottoms streams; chilling the primary overhead vapor stream at a pressure less than 24.5 kg\/cm2in a first cooling stage to recover a first partial condensate stream and a first-stage vapor effluent; refluxing the primary distillation zone with at least a portion of the first partial condensate stream; further chilling the first-stage vapor effluent to recover at least a second partial condensate stream and a second-stage vapor effluent; feeding the at least second partial condensate stream and any remaining portion of the first partial condensate stream to a demethanizer to recover a methane-rich overhead stream and a bottoms stream essentially free of methane and lighter components; fractionating the bottoms streams from the primary distillation zone and the demethanizer into respective streams consisting essentially of hydrocarbons selected from the group consisting of ethylene, ethane, propylene, propane, C4'ss, C5+ and combinations thereof; further chilling the second-stage vapor effluent in a cold section and phase-separating the resulting mixed vapor-liquid stream in one or more stages to obtain additional condensate and a vapor tail gas stream essentially free of ethylene, wherein the additional condensate is vaporized to a relatively lower pressure to provide refrigeration for the condensation and to form a low pressure recycle vapor stream.","label":"Process","id":1891} +{"sentence":"Silica and method for producing the sameSilica having a large pore volume and specific surface area, controlled pore properties and also excellent hydrothermal resistance is provided. The silica has the following properties: (a) a pore volume of the silica is larger than 1.6 ml\/g and is 3.0 ml\/g or less; (b) a specific surface area of the silica is between 100 and 1000 m 2 \/g; (c) a mode pore diameter (D max ) of the silica is 5 nm or more; (d) a value of Q 4 \/Q 3 in a solid-state Si nuclear magnetic resonance (hereinafter called solid-state Si NMR) spectrum of the silica is 1.2 or more; and (e) the silica is amorphous; and (f) a total content of metal impurities in the silica is 100 ppm or less. The silica can be suitably used in fields which require particularly large pore volume and specific surface area, excellent hydrothermal resistance moreover controlled pore properties, and also the fact that physical properties scarcely change over a long period of time.1 . A silica having the following properties: (a) a pore volume of the silica is larger than 1.6 ml\/g and is 3.0 ml\/g or less; (b) a specific surface area of the silica is between 100 and 1000 m 2 \/g; (c) a mode pore diameter (D max ) of the silica is 5 nm or more; (d) a value of Q 4 \/Q 3 in a solid-state Si nuclear magnetic resonance (hereinafter called solid-state Si NMR) spectrum of the silica is 1.2 or more; and (e) the silica is amorphous; and (f) a total content of metal impurities in the silica is 100 ppm or less.","label":"IndustConst","id":1892} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition and pneumatic tireThe present invention provides a rubber composition that enables to improve the fuel economy, wet-grip performance, abrasion resistance, and processability in a balanced manner, and a pneumatic tire including the rubber composition. The present invention relates to a rubber composition containing silica and a conjugated diene polymer, the conjugated diene polymer being obtained by reacting a compound containing a nitrogen atom and\/or a silicon atom with an active end of a copolymer obtained by polymerizing a monomer component including a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound using a polymerization initiator represented by the following formula (I): wherein an amount of the conjugated diene polymer is not more than 90% by mass based on 100% by mass of a rubber component of the rubber composition, and an amount of the silica is 10 to 150 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.1. A rubber composition, comprising silica and a conjugated diene polymer, the conjugated diene polymer being obtained by reacting a compound containing at least one of a nitrogen atom and a silicon with an active terminal of the copolymer, wherein the compound containing at least one of a nitrogen atom and a silicon atom is at least one compound selected from the group consisting of (i) a compound of formula (IIIb): wherein R32represents a hydrocarbyl group and R36represents a hydrocarbylene group or a group in which a hydrocarbylene group and a group represented by —NR35— are bonded, where R35represents a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrogen atom, (ii) a compound of formula (IIId): wherein R31and R32each represents a hydrocarbyl group, R37represents a hydrocarbylene group, A represents an oxygen atom or —NR35— wherein R35represents a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrogen atom, and R34represents a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrogen atom, (iii) a compound of formula (IV): wherein R41represents a hydrocarbyl group, R42and R43each represents a hydrocarbyl group or a hydrocarbyloxy group, R44and R45each represents a hydrocarbyl group, and j represents an integer of 1 to 5, (iv) a tris[(alkoxysilyl)alkyl]isocyanurate compound, and (v) an N,N-dialkyl-substituted carboxylic acid amide dialkyl acetal compound, wherein said copolymer is obtained by polymerizing a monomer component including a conjugated diene compound and a silicon-containing vinyl compound using a polymerization initiator represented by the following formula (I): wherein i represents 0 or 1; R11represents a C7-80 hydrocarbylene group; R12and R13each represent a hydrocarbyl group, or R12and R13can be joined together to represent a hydrocarbylene group; and M represents an alkali metal atom, wherein the silicon-containing vinyl compound is represented by the formula wherein X1, X2, and X3each represents a hydrocarbyl group or a group of the formula —NR22R23wherein R22and R23are each an alkyl group, provided that at least one of X1, X2, and X3is a group of the formula —NR22R23, wherein an amount of the conjugated diene polymer is 25 to 80% by mass based on 100% by mass of a rubber component of the rubber composition, and an amount of the silica is 10 to 150 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component.","label":"Automobile","id":1893} +{"sentence":"Aerogel compositesAerogel composites and bonded aerogel composites are described. The aerogel composites include monolithic aerogel material located in cavities between a base layer and a structured layer that is bonded to the base layer. Additional layers may be bonded to the base layer and\/or the structured layer to form bonded aerogel composites.1. An aerogel composite comprising a bonded web comprising a base layer and a structured layer comprising a plurality of troughs, wherein at least some of the troughs are bonded to the base layer defining cavities between the structured layer and the base layer, and at least one of the base layer and the structured layer are permeable; wherein the base layer comprises a foam or a fibrous layer; and monolithic aerogel material contained within at least some of the cavities, further wherein the aerogel material fills at least 25% of the cross section of the cavity.","label":"IndustConst","id":1894} +{"sentence":"Bimodal polyethylene compositions for blow molding applicationsA bimodal polyethylene composition that includes ethylene-derived units, and, optionally, one or more other olefin-derived units, wherein the bimodal polyethylene composition possesses a density of at least 0.940 g\/cc, an average molecular weight (Mw) of from 200,000 to 370,000, a z-average molecular weight (Mz) of from 1,500,000 to 3,400,000 Daltons, and a z+1 average molecular weight (Mz+1) of from 2,500,000 to 6,800,000 Daltons, is provided in various embodiments. Articles made therefrom and methods of making the same are also provided.1. A bimodal polyethylene composition comprising ethylene-derived units, and optionally, one or more other olefin-derived units, wherein the bimodal polyethylene composition possesses a density of at least 0.940 g\/cc, an average molecular weight (Mw) of from 200,000 to 370,000, a z-average molecular weight (Mz) of from 1,500,000 to 3,400,000 Daltons, and a z+1 average molecular weight (Mz+1) of from 2,500,000 to 6,800,000 Daltons.","label":"Construct","id":1895} +{"sentence":"Method for concentrating water-soluble organic materialA method for concentrating a water-soluble organic material wherein a mixture of the water-soluble organic material with water is distilled in a distillation column ( 11 ), and the fraction from the top ( 11 a) of the distillation column ( 11 ) is separated by the use of a membrane separator ( 14 ) into a permeated vapor (F2) and a non-permeated vapor (F3), which comprises once condensing the fraction to form a condensate, heating the condensate in an evaporator ( 13 ) to generate a vapor (F1) having a pressure higher than the operation pressure for the distillation column ( 11 ), and introducing the vapor (F1) to the membrane separator ( 14 ), thereby separating water from the mixture.1. A method for concentrating a water-soluble organic material comprising: distilling a mixture of the water-soluble organic material with water in a distillation column, condensing a fraction from a top section of said distillation column into a condensate, returning a part of said condensate to said distillation column via a pump and introducing the rest of said condensate to an evaporator via said pump, heating the rest of said condensate within said evaporator to generate a vapor mixture with a higher pressure than an operating pressure of said distillation column, introducing said vapor mixture with the higher pressure to a membrane separator, and separating said vapor mixture into a non-permeated vapor and a permeated vapor that is rich in water in said membrane separator.","label":"Process","id":1896} +{"sentence":"Amorphous polyester resin compositionThe present invention provides a substantially amorphous polyester resin composition, which comprises: 1 to 40 parts by weight of a core-shell modifier for impact resistance, which comprises, as a core, a bilayer aromatic vinyl-butadiene based copolymer comprising an innermost layer having a higher content in weight of a cross-linking monomer, and has a refractive index between 1.55 and 1.60; and 60 to 99 parts by weight of at least one aromatic polyester or co-polyester, wherein the amorphous polyester resin composition exhibits high transparency, high impact resistance, and is improved in whitening properties at a low stress.1 . A substantially amorphous polyester resin composition, which comprises: 1 to 40 parts by weight of a core-shell modifier for impact resistance ( 1 ), which has a refractive index between 1.55 and 1.60, and 60 to 99 parts by weight of at least one aromatic polyester or co-polyester ( 2 ) [100 parts by weight of the sum of ( 1 ) and ( 2 )], the composition comprising 15 to 85 parts by weight of a core (A) obtained by copolymerizing 65% to 95% by weight of a butadiene monomer, 5% to 35% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 0% to 10% by weight of a vinyl monomer capable of copolymerizing with these monomers, and 0.01% to 5% by weight of a cross-linking monomer and 15 to 85 parts by weight of a shell (B) [100 parts by weight of the sum of (A) and (B)], wherein said core (A) comprises 10 to 50 parts by weight of an inner layer core (A- 1 ) obtained by copolymerizing 25% to 100% by weight of a butadiene monomer, 0% to 75% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 0% to 40% by weight of a vinyl monomer capable of copolymerizing with these monomers, and 0.1% to 10% by weight of a cross-linking monomer, and 5 to 75 parts by weight of an outer layer core (A- 2 ) obtained in the presence of the inner layer core (A- 1 ) by copolymerizing 50% to 100% by weight of a butadiene monomer, 0% to 50% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 0% to 40% by weight of a vinyl monomer capable of copolymerizing with these monomers, and 0% to 2% by weight of a cross-linking monomer, and said shell (B) is obtained by copolymerizing one or more vinyl monomers (a mixture).","label":"IndustConst","id":1897} +{"sentence":"Rubber composition improved in charging property and pneumatic tire produced by making use of the sameDisclosed are a rubber composition having an improved charging property which comprises 100 parts by weight of rubber component containing diene rubber of 90 parts by weight or more, and a filler of 30 to 120 parts by weight and a nonionic surfactant or phosphoric ester of 0.2 to 8 parts by weight, and a pneumatic tire characterized by that the above rubber composition having an improved charging property is used for the tread parts of the pneumatic tire. The typical examples of the nonionic surfactant and phosphoric ester are an adduct of ethylene oxide of 2 to 30 moles to linear, cyclic or branched, and saturated or unsaturated, and monohydric or polyhydric aliphatic alcohol having carbon atoms of 6 to 25, or an adduct of ethylene oxide of 2 to 30 moles to alkylphenol, and the compounds represented by the following formula (V): wherein R5represents a linear or branched, and saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having carbon atoms of 8 to 25, or an aryl group, and q and r each are an integer satisfying a relation of q+r=1 to 30.1. A rubber composition having an improved charging property, comprising 100 parts by weight of rubber component containing 90 parts by weight or more of diene rubber, and blended therewith 30 to 120 parts by weight of a filler, and 0.2 to 8 parts by weight of a nonionic surfactant or phosphoric ester represented by the following formula (V) or (VI): wherein R5represents a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having carbon atoms of 8 to 25, or an aryl group, and q and r each is an integer satisfying a relation of q+r=1 to 30; or wherein R6and R7each represent a linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbon group having carbon atoms of 8 to 25, or an aryl group and may be the same or different, and s is an integer of 1 to 30.","label":"Automobile","id":1898} +{"sentence":"System for separating and concentrating a liquid component from a liquid multi-component mixture, comprising a heat pumpIn order to separate and concentrate a liquid component from a liquid multi-component mixture formed of several liquid components with different boiling temperatures, e.g. an ethanol-water mixture, a concentration apparatus ( 3 ) is proposed, with its separation section and concentration section designed as separate columns ( 5, 7 ) with different operating energy requirements. The column ( 7 ) with the higher operating energy requirements is designed for a lower temperature difference between the boiling temperature of the top of the column ( 29 ) and the boiling temperature of the bottom of the column ( 21 ) than the column ( 5 ) with lower operating energy requirements. Separate mechanical vapour compressors ( 15, 27 ) are assigned to the two columns ( 5, 7 ), said vapour compressors compressing the vapours from the top of the associated column ( 5, 7 ) and supplying the operating energy to the bottom region ( 11, 21 ) of the respective column ( 5, 7 ) by means of separate sump evaporators ( 9, 23 ) which act as, reboilers.1. A system for separating and concentrating a liquid component from a liquid multi-component mixture formed of several liquid components with different boiling temperatures comprising an ethanol-water mixture or an isopropanol-water mixture, the system comprising: a concentration apparatus with two separated columns including a first column forming an output portion column and a second column forming an intensification portion column, the first and second columns configured for different levels of operating energy consumption wherein a bottom region of the intensification portion column is connected to the output portion column by means of a feed pipe; a first mechanical vapour compressor configured to deliver operating energy for the output portion column which compresses top alcohol vapours of the output portion column and delivers the operating energy to a bottom region of the output portion column through a first sump evaporator which acts as a reboiler; a second mechanical vapour compressor configured to deliver operating energy for the intensification portion column by compressing top alcohol vapours of the intensification portion column and deliver the operating energy to a bottom region of the intensification portion column through a second sump evaporator which acts as a reboiler, a liquid multi-component mixture feed pipe connected to the bottom region of the intensification portion column, wherein the intensification portion column has a higher level of operating energy consumption than the output portion column, the intensification portion column adapted for a lower temperature difference between a boiling temperature of a top region and a boiling temperature of the bottom region; wherein the second mechanical vapour compressor has a higher level of operating energy consumption than the first mechanical vapour compressor and is configured to deliver the operating energy for the intensification portion column; wherein a multi-component mixture condensed in the first sump evaporator is delivered to the intensification portion column as a feed stream; and wherein all vapour from the second mechanical compressor flows to the second sump evaporator, wherein a first portion of vapour from the second sump evaporator flows to a bottom region of the intensification portion column and a second portion of vapour flows through a pipe to a heat exchanger configured to heat the inflowing multi-component mixture and condense the second portion of vapour from the second sump evaporator.","label":"Process","id":1899} +{"sentence":"Functionalized ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer compositionsThe invention relates to functionalized interpolymers derived from base olefin interpolymers, which are prepared by polymerizing one or more monomers or mixtures of monomers, such as ethylene and one or more comonomers, to form an interpolymer products having unique physical properties. The functionalized olefin interpolymers contain two or more differing regions or segments (blocks), resulting in unique processing and physical properties.1. A composition comprising: a multi-block interpolymer that comprises, in polymerized form, at least about 50 mole percent ethylene and one or more copolymerizable comonomers, and wherein said multi-block interpolymer comprises two or more randomly distributed segments, or blocks, differing in comonomer content, crystallinity, density, or melting point and wherein the multi-block interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) from about 1.5 to about 3.5, and has an average block index greater than 0.1 to about 1.0; and wherein the multi-block interpolymer is functionalized with at least one compound selected from the group consisting of radically graftable unsaturated compounds containing at least one heteroatom.","label":"HouseConst","id":1900} +{"sentence":"Conjugated diene rubber gel, rubber compositions containing the same and process for production of conjugated diene rubberA conjugated diene rubber gel comprising 80-99 weight % of conjugated diene monomer units and 20-1 weight % of aromatic vinyl monomer units and having a swelling index of 16 to 70 as measured in toluene. A rubber vulcanizate made from a rubber composition comprising this conjugated diene rubber gel and a rubber capable of being crosslinked with sulfur exhibits good abrasion resistance and low heat-build up without deterioration of mechanical properties, and thus, is suitable for tire materials. This conjugated diene rubber gel can be produced with high efficiency by emulsion-polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising 50-99.9 weight % of a conjugated diene monomer, 0-30 weight % of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 0-20 weight % of other ethylenically unsaturated monomer and 0.1-20 weight % of a crosslinking monomer.1. A conjugated diene rubber gel comprising 80% to 99% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units and 20% to 1% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units and having a swelling index in the range of 16 to 70 as measured in toluene.","label":"IndustConst","id":1901} +{"sentence":"Method for producing modified conjugated diene based (co)polymer, modified conjugated diene based (co)polymer, and rubber compositionThe method for producing a modified conjugated diene based (co)polymer, according to the present invention comprises a step of reacting a conjugated diene based (co)polymer with a metal halide compound to obtain a modified conjugated diene based (co)polymer, the conjugated diene based (co)polymer having a weight-average molecular weight of 150,000 to 2,000,000 and being obtained by bonding, to a polymer having at least a conjugated diene unit, an alkoxysilyl group and an optionally protected primary amino group. The method can satisfactorily produce a conjugated diene based (co)polymer which has a high Mooney viscosity, excellent shape stability and good processability.1. A method for producing a modified conjugated diene based (co)polymer, comprising reacting a conjugated diene based (co)polymer with a metal halide compound to obtain a modified conjugated diene based (co)polymer, wherein the conjugated diene based (co)polymer has a weight-average molecular weight of 150,000 to 2,000,000, and is obtained by a process comprising bonding, to a polymer having at least a conjugated diene unit, an alkoxysilyl group and an optionally protected primary amino group, wherein the metal halide compound is hydrolyzed to obtain a hydrogen halide prior to reacting with the conjugated diene based (co)polymer.","label":"Automobile","id":1902} +{"sentence":"Aerogel containing blanketA process of producing a blanket is described and can involve forming an aqueous slurry of hydrophobic aerogels, fibers, and at least one wetting agent, drying the aqueous slurry to form a substantially dried product, and calendaring the substantially dried product to form the blanket. The blanket can be used in a variety of applications, including windows.1. A process of producing a blanket comprising: forming an aqueous slurry comprising hydrophobic aerogels, fibers, and at least one wetting agent, wherein the wetting agent is at least one of pre-applied to the aerogels before forming the aqueous slurry or introduced into the aqueous slurry prior to or at the same time the aerogels are added thereto; drying said aqueous slurry to form a dried product; and calendering said dried product to form said blanket.","label":"IndustConst","id":1903} +{"sentence":"Synthesis of soluble functionalized lithium initiatorsThis invention discloses a process for making dilithium initiators in high purity. This process can be conducted in the absence of amines which is desirable since amines can act as modifiers for anionic polymerizations. The dilithium compounds made are highly desirable because they are soluble in aromatic solvents. The present invention more specifically discloses a process for synthesizing a dilithium initiator which comprises reacting diisopropenylbenzene with a tertiary alkyl lithium compound in an aromatic solvent at a temperature which is within the range of about 0° C. to about 100° C. The present invention further discloses a process for synthesizing m-di-(1-lithio-1-methyl-3,3-dimethylbutyl)benzene which comprises reacting diisopropenylbenzene with tertiary-butyllithium in an aromatic solvent at a temperature which is within the range of about 0° C. to about 100° C. The present invention also discloses a process for synthesizing a functionalized lithium initiator which comprises reacting a dilithium initiator with a alkylaminoaryl compound of the structural formula: wherein R, R′, and R″ can be the same or different, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkaryl groups, and amino aryl groups, and wherein R′ and R″ represent alkyl groups.1. A process for synthesizing a functionalized lithium initiator which comprises the steps of (1) reacting diisopropenylbenzene with a tertiary alkyl lithium compound in an aromatic solvent at a temperature which is within the range of about 0° C. to about 100° C. to produce a dilithium initiator; and (2) reacting the dilithium initiator with a alkylaminoaryl compound of the structural formula: wherein R, R′, and R″ can be the same or different, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen atoms, alkyl groups, aryl groups, alkaryl groups, and amino aryl groups, and wherein R′ and R″ represent alkyl groups.","label":"Automobile","id":1904} +{"sentence":"Synthesis of cyclopentadiene derivativesA compound of formula (X): wherein R1, R2, equal to or different from each other are hydrogen or a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; or they can form a C4-C7 ring optionally containing O, S, N, P or Si atoms that can bear substituents; R3is hydrogen or a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; or two adjacent R3groups can form a C4-C7 ring optionally containing O, S, N, P or Si atoms, wherein said ring can bear substituents; and at least one of R1, R2or R3is different from hydrogen.1. A compound of formula (X) wherein R1, R2, equal to or different from each other are hydrogen or a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical ; and R3is hydrogen or a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, wherein at least one of R1, R2or R3is different from hydrogen.","label":"Catalyst","id":1905} +{"sentence":"Method for producing polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resinAn object of the present invention is to provide a simple method for improving and stabilizing the physical properties (for example, liquid permeability) of a water absorbent resin, without requiring investment in expensive facilities or modification of raw materials. In particular, the object is to provide a method which is useful in the large-scale production of a water absorbent resin. The method for producing polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin of the present invention includes, in order, a step in which an acrylic acid (salt)-based monomer aqueous solution is polymerized, a step in which the water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer obtained in the polymerization step is dried, a step in which the dried polymer obtained in the drying step is pulverized, and a classification step which takes place after the drying step or after the pulverizing step, wherein, at the time of providing the dried polymer to the roll mill used in the pulverizing step, the dried polymer is provided in a dispersed state in the axial direction of the roll of the roll mill.1. A method for producing polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin, the method comprising, in order, a step in which an acrylic acid (salt)-based monomer aqueous solution is polymerized, a step in which the water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer obtained in the polymerization step is dried, a step in which the dried polymer obtained in the drying step is pulverized, and a classification step which takes place after the drying step or after the pulverizing step, wherein, at the time of providing the dried polymer to a roll mill used in the pulverizing step, the dried polymer is provided in a dispersed state in the axial direction of a roll of the roll mill; and wherein an apparatus used for the pulverizing step comprises a pipe for supplying the dried polymer to the roll mill, and a length of the roll of the roll mill is 2 to 100 times the pipe diameter, and when said pipe is an angular pipe, said length of the roll of the roll mill is 2 to 100 time an inner width of the angular pipe.","label":"Household","id":1906} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymers and method of manufacturing the sameSuperabsorbent polymer (SAP) particels containing a clay are disclosed. The clay is added to an SAP hydrogel prior to SAP neutralization to provide particles having improved fluid acquisition rates and an improved permeability of a fluid through the swollen SAP-clay particles. Diaper cores and absorbent articles containing the SAP-clay particles also are disclosed.1. Superabsorbent particles comprising: (i) about 50% to about 95%, by weight, of a superabsorbent polymer; and (ii) about 5% to about 50%, by weight, of a clay, said particles prepared by a method comprising the steps of: (a) polymerizing an unneutralized monomer capable of providing a superabsorbent absorbent polymer in the presence of an internal crosslinking monomer to form a superabsorbent polymer hydrogel; (b) comminuting the superabsorbent polymer hydrogel to form superabsorbent polymer hydrogel particles; (c) admixing a clay with the superabsorbent polymer hydrogel particles to form superabsorbent polymer-clay hydrogel particles; (d) then neutralizing the superabsorbent polymer-clay hydrogel particles by adding a sufficient amount of a neutralizing agent to neutralize the hydrogel particles 50% to 100%, by weight; and (e) drying the neutralized superabsorbent polymer-clay hydrogel particles of step (d) to provide the superabsorbent particles.","label":"Household","id":1907} +{"sentence":"Synthesis of cyclopentadiene derivativesA process for preparing cyclopentadiene derivatives comprising the steps of: a) coupling a five membered heterocycle ring with a five or six membered heterocycle ring; b) reacting the obtained compound with a carbonilating system: c) reducing the obtained compound.1. A process for preparing a cyclopentadiene derivative having formula (I) wherein T1is selected from the group consisting of oxygen (O), sulphur (S) and NR, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-atkylaryl, and C7-C20-arylalky radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; R1, R2, equal to or different from each other are hydrogen or a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; or they can form a C4-C7 ring optionally containing O, S, N, P or Si atoms that can bear substituents; W is a moiety of formula (a) or (b) wherein T2, T3, T4, T5equal to or different from each other are selected from the group consisting of nitrogen (N) and CR3wherein R3is hydrogen or a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-atkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; or two adjacent R3groups can form a C4-C7 ring optionally containing O, S, N, P or Si atoms, wherein said ring can bear substituents; T6has the same meaning as T1; T7and T8equal to or different from each other are selected from N and CR3wherein R3is hydrogen or a linear or branched saturated or unsaturated C1-C20-alkyl, C3-C20-cycloalkyl, C6-C20-aryl, C7-C20-alkylaryl or C7-C20-arylalkyl radical, optionally containing heteroatoms belonging to groups 13-17 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; optionally two adjacent R3groups can form a C4-C7 ring optionally containing O, S, N, P or Si atoms, said ring can bear substituents; with the proviso that when T6is different from NR, T7and T8are both CR3; said process comprising the following steps: a) reacting a compound of formula (II) with a compound of formula (III) in the presence of a coupling system, wherein X is selected from the group consisting of chlorine, iodine, and bromine; thereby forming a compound of formula (IV) b) contacting the compound of formula (IV) with a carbonylating system; thereby forming a compound of formula (IVa) and; c) treating the compound of formula (IVa) with a reducing agent.","label":"Catalyst","id":1908} +{"sentence":"Substituted Pyrrolidine-2-CarboxamidesThere are provided compounds of the formula wherein X, Y, R1, R2, R3, R3, R4, R5, R6 and R7 are as described herein and enantiomers and pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof. The compounds are useful as anticancer agents.1 . A compound of the formula wherein X is selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, cyano, nitro, ethynyl, cyclopropyl, methyl, ethyl, isopropyl, vinyl and methoxy, Y is one to four group(s) independently selected from the group consisting of H, F, Cl, Br, I, CN, OH, nitro, lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, lower alkoxy, lower alkenyl, cycloalkenyl, lower alkynyl, aryl, hetereoaryl, hetereocycle, COOR′, OCOR′, CONR′R″, NR′COR″, NR″SO2R′, SO2NR′R″ and NR′R″ wherein R′ and R″ is independently selected from H or substituted or unsubstituted lower alkyl, substituted or unsubstituted lower cycloalkyl,substituted or unsubstituted lower alkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted lower cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted aryl, substituted or unsubstituted hetereoaryl or substituted or unsubstituted hetereocycle, and in the case of R′ and R″ may independently link to form a cyclic structure selected from substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl, substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkenyl, substituted or unsubstituted heteroaryl or substituted or unsubstituted heterocycle, one of R1 and R2 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, substituted lower alkenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl and substituted cycloalkenyl and the other is hydrogen or lower alkyl, R3 is H or lower alkyl, one of R4 and R5 is selected from the group consisting of lower alkyl, substituted lower alkyl, lower alkenyl, substituted lower alkenyl, aryl, substituted aryl, heteroaryl, substituted heteroaryl, heterocycle, substituted heterocycle, cycloalkyl, substituted cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, and substituted cycloalkenyl and the other is hydrogen, R6 and R7 are selected from the group consisting of (CH2)n—R′, (CH2)n—NR′R″, (CH2)n—NR′COR″, (CH2)n—NR′SO2R″, (CH2)n—COOH, (CH2)nCOOR′, (CH2)n—CONR′R″, (CH2)nOR′, (CH2)n—SR′, (CH2)n—SOR′, (CH2)n—SO2R′, (CH2)n—COR′, (CH2)n—SO3H, (CH2)n—SONR′R″, (CH2)n—SO2NR′R″, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—R′, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—OH, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—OR′, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—NR′R″, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—NR′COR″, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—NR′SO2R″, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—COOH, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—COOR′, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—CONR′R″, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—SO2R′, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—COR′, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—SONR′R″, (CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—SO2NR′R″, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—R′, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—OH, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—OR′, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—NR′R″, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—NR′COR″, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—NR′SO2R″, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—COOH, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—COOR′, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—CONR′R″, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—SO2R′, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—COR′, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—SONR′R″, (CH2)p—(CH2CH2O)m—(CH2)n—SO2NR′R″, —COR′, —SOR′ and SO2R′ wherein R′ and R″ are the same definitions as above, m, n and p are independently 0 to −6 and the pharmaceutically acceptable salts and esters thereof.","label":"Automobile","id":1909} +{"sentence":"Method of decomposing by-product during the production of (meth)acrylic esterA method of decomposing a Michael addition reaction product formed as a by-product in the production step of a(meth)acrylic ester and recovering (meth)acrylic acid, a (meth)acrylic ester and an alcohol, in which the formation of an olefin as a by-product can be suppressed. A method of thermally decomposing a by-product at the time of production of a (meth)acrylic ester using an alcohol bearing a branched chain and having 3 or more carbon atoms, wherein the decomposition reaction is carried out in the absence of a catalyst.1. A method comprising: decomposing a by-product produced during production of a (meth)acrylic ester by a process which uses an alcohol bearing a branched chain and which has 3 or more carbon atoms, comprising: thermally decomposing said by-product in the absence of a Lewis acid or base catalyst; wherein the by-product at the time of production of a (meth)acrylic ester contains a Michael adduct of a branched chain alcohol.","label":"Process","id":1910} +{"sentence":"Class of metallocenes and method of producing polyethyleneThe invention provides a catalyst system and a method of making polyethylene using the catalyst system, the method comprising combining ethylene; an activator; and a metallocene catalyst compound; wherein in one embodiment the metallocene catalyst compound is selected from: wherein M is a Group 4 atom; X is a leaving group; n is an integer from 0 to 3; and R1to R12are independently selected from hydrides, halogens, hydroxy, C1 to C6 alkoxys, C1 to C6 alkenyls, and C1 to C10 alkyls; characterized in that when the comonomer is 1-hexene, and the mole ratio of 1-hexene to ethylene combined is varied between 0.015 to 0.05, the density of the resultant polyethylene changes by less than 5% and the I21\/I2 varies from 10 to 150.1. A method of producing a copolymer of ethylene and 1-hexene in a fluidized bed gas-phase reactor, wherein as the mole ratio of 1-hexene to ethylene is varied in the reactor between 0.015 to 0.05, the density of the resultant polyethylene changes by less than 5% and the I21\/I2 varies from 10 to 150, the method comprising: combining in the fluidized bed gas-phase reactor ethylene and 1-hexene, an activator, and a metallocene catalyst compound to produce a polyethylene; wherein the metallocene catalyst compound is selected from: wherein M is a Group 4 atom; X is a leaving group; n is an integer from 0 to 3; and R1to R12are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrides, halogens, hydroxy, C1 to C6 alkoxys, C1 to C6 alkenyls, and C1 to C10 alkyls, provided that the tetrahydroindenyl is substituted.","label":"HouseConst","id":1911} +{"sentence":"Non-ambulatory thermotherapy device for heat and cold therapy of the foot\/ankle complex and hand\/wrist complexA non-ambulatory thermotherapy device for contacting and applying hot or cold therapy to a treatment area of a user of the non-ambulatory thermotherapy device. The device has at least one pad made of a pliable single piece of gel material for contacting a part of the user's treatment area and for undergoing selective heating or cooling to specific temperatures to selectively apply hot or cold therapy, respectively, to the part of the user's treatment area. The pad has opposite main surfaces and a plurality of bumps extending from one of the main surfaces for increasing a surface contact between the gel material and irregularly shaped contours of the part of the user's treatment area during application of hot or cold therapy to the part of the user's treatment area.1. A non-ambulatory thermotherapy device for contacting and applying hot or cold therapy to a treatment area of a user of the non-ambulatory thermotherapy device, the non-ambulatory thermotherapy device comprising: at least one pad made of a gel material for contacting the user'ss treatment area and for undergoing heating or cooling to specific temperatures to apply hot or cold therapy, respectively, to the user'ss treatment area, the at least one pad having opposite main surfaces and a plurality of bumps extending from one of the main surfaces for increasing a surface contact between the gel material and irregularly shaped contours of the user'ss treatment area during application of hot or cold therapy to the user'ss treatment area; wherein the at least one pad comprises a first pad and the user'ss treatment area comprises a first part of the user'ss treatment area, and further comprising a second pad separate and independent from the first pad and made of a gel material for contacting a second part of the user'ss treatment area and for undergoing heating or cooling to specific temperatures to apply hot or cold therapy, respectively, to the second part of the user'ss treatment area, the second pad having opposite main surfaces and a plurality of bumps extending from one of the main surfaces for increasing a surface contact between the gel material and irregularly shaped contours of the second part of the user'ss treatment area during application of hot or cold therapy to the second part of the user'ss treatment area; wherein the first and second pads are contained in respective first and second cloth enclosures that house the first and second pads including the corresponding bumps, the first and second cloth enclosures being connected together to form a preselected configuration so that during use of the non-ambulatory thermotherapy device, the first and second pads contact the respective first and second parts of the user'ss treatment area for application of hot or cold therapy to the first and second parts of the user'ss treatment area, and further comprising means for adjusting the degree of contact between the bumps of the first and second pads and the corresponding first and second parts of the user'ss treatment area via the corresponding cloth enclosure; and wherein the preselected configuration of the connected first and second cloth enclosures housing the respective first and second pads is in the shape of a boot having a body formed of the first pad and the first cloth enclosure and a sole formed of the second pad and the second cloth enclosure, and wherein the means for adjusting comprises a strap attachment secured to the body, a pair of strap attachments secured to the sole, an adjustable strap secured to the sole for removable adjustable connection to one of the pair of strap attachments secured to the sole, and adjustable straps secured to the body for removable adjustable connection to the strap attachment secured to the body and the other of the pair of strap attachments secured to the sole, respectively.","label":"HouseConst","id":1912} +{"sentence":"Method for producing improved water-absorbent resinsA method for easily, inexpensively and efficiently producing an improved water-absorbent resin having a high water absorbency and a high water absorption rate and capable of forming a gel having a high gel strength and nonstickiness, in which water-absorbent resin particles which contain water and a crosslinking agent and are in the semi-swollen state are agitated at an elevated temperature in the presence of an inert inorganic powder to conduct the crosslinking of the resin, while removing water, the water-absorbent resin containing a monomer units having a carboxyl group in the form of free acid or a metal salt.1. A method for producing an improved water-absorbent resin which comprises allowing a water-absorbent resin in the form of particles to absorb a crosslinking agent and water in the presence of a powder of an inert inorganic material, and heating the resulting mixture with agitation, thereby effecting a crosslinking reaction of said resin and removal of water, said resin containing units of a monomer having a carboxyl group in the form of free acid or a salt as a constituent component thereof.","label":"Household","id":1913} +{"sentence":"Process and catalyst for preparing unsaturated carboxylic acidAcrylic acid or methacrylic acid is prepared by vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of acrolein or methacrolein, with molecular oxygen at a temperature of from 240° to 450° C in the presence of a catalyst represented by the formula: [Equation] Mo12PaMgbQb'RcTdOe wherein Mo is molybdenum, P is phosphorus, Mg magnesium, O is oxygen, Q is at least one of calcium, strontium, and barium, R is at least one of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium, T is at least one of vanadium, tungsten and nickel, and a, b, c, d, and e are atomic ratios of the respective elements, where a=0.5-6, b=0.2-6, b+b'= 0.2-6, b' ranges from 0 to a value determined by the magnesium content of the catalyst and the limits of b+b', c=0.2-6, d=0-6, and e is a value dependent upon the oxidation state of the catalyst.1. In a process for preparing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid by the vapor-phase catalytic oxidation of the corresponding unsaturated aldehyde with molecular oxygen at a temperature of from 240° C. - 450° C., the improvement comprising: reacting said unsaturated aldehyde over a catalyst consisting essentially of molybdenum, phosphorus, magnesium, element Q, element R, element T and oxygen represented by the formula: [Equation] Mo12PaMgbQb'sRcTdOe wherein Mo is molybdenum, P is phosphorus, Mg is magnesium, O is oxygen, Q is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of calcium, strontium and barium, R is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium, T is at least one metal selected from the group consisting of vanadium, tungsten and nickel, a, b, b's, c, d and e are atomic ratios of the respective elements, wherein a = 0.5-6, b=0.2-6, b + b's = 0.2-6, b's ranges from 0 to a value determined by the magnesium content of the catalyst and the limits of b + b's, c = 0.2-6, d = 0-6, and e is a value dependent upon the oxidation state of the catalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":1914} +{"sentence":"Production method of acroleinThe present invention has an object to provide a production method of acrolein capable of producing acrolein with suppressing the yield change with time. The production method of the invention is that glycerin is dehydrated under coexistence with a catalyst having crystalline metallosilicates containing at least one kind of T atoms and 15% by mass or less of a binder, and the Si atoms to T atoms ratio (Si\/T) of the catalyst is 800 or less.1. A method of producing acrolein which comprises dehydrating glycerin under coexistence with a catalyst having crystalline metallosilicates containing at least one kind of T atoms, wherein an amount of a binder in the catalyst is 15% by mass or less, a Si\/T mole ratio in the crystalline metallosilicates is 800 or less, and glycerin is dehydrated by a gas phase reaction of contacting glycerin gas and the catalyst.","label":"Process","id":1915} +{"sentence":"Ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer compositionAn ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer composition suitable for pipe applications prepared via solution polymerization process, and pipes made therefrom. The ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer composition suitable for pipe applications according to the present invention comprises greater than 80 percent by weight of units derived from ethylene and 20 percent or less by weight of units derived from one or more alpha olefin co-monomers, wherein said ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer has a density in the range of from 0.925 to 0.935 g\/cm3, a melt index I2 in the range of from 0.3 to 1.0 g\/10 minutes, a melt flow ratio I10\/I2 in the range of from 7.9 to 11, a melt strength in the range of from 3 to 10 cN, a DSC heat curve having a melting peak temperature in the range of from 120 to 130° C., a crystallinity in the range of from 50 to 70 percent, a 1% flexural modulus in the range from 350 to 600 MPa, and a zero shear viscosity ratio (ZSVR) in the range of from 2 to 10.1. An ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer composition suitable for pipe applications prepared via solution polymerization process comprising greater than 80 percent by weight of units derived from ethylene and 20 percent or less by weight of units derived from one or more alpha olefin co-monomers, wherein said ethylene\/alpha-olefin interpolymer has a density in the range of from 0.925 to 0.935 g\/cm3, a melt index I2 in the range of from 0.3 to 1.0 g\/10 minutes, a melt flow ratio I10\/I2 in the range of from 7.9 to 11, a melt strength in the range of from 3 to 10 cN, a DSC heat curve having a melting peak temperature in the range of from 120 to 130° C., a crystallinity in the range of from 50 to 70 percent, a 1% flexural modulus in the range from 350 to 600 MPa, and a zero shear viscosity ratio (ZSVR) in the range of from 2 to 10.","label":"HouseConst","id":1916} +{"sentence":"Amorphous polyester graft polymer alloysAlloys of amorphous copolyesters with graft polymers of styrene-methyl methacrylate, styrene-methyl methacrylate-acrylonitrile or styrene-acrylonitrile on diene rubber substrates exhibit synergistic enhancement of impact properties in the range of 5 to 40% by weight graft polymer. Notched Izod impacts above 10 ft lbs\/in notch result in the range where the synergistic effect occurs.1. A thermoplastic alloy composition comprising an amorphous copolyester derived from C3- C10alkylene glycols and phthalic acids and a synergistically effective amount of a graft polymer prepared by polymerizing from 10 to 60 parts by weight of a monomer mixture of at least two monomers selected from the group consisting of acrylic ester monomers, vinylaromatic monomers and acrylonitrile monomers in the presence of correspondingly from 90 to 40 parts by weight of a diene rubber whereby the thermoplastic alloy composition exhibits synergistically enhanced impact properties.","label":"IndustConst","id":1917} +{"sentence":"Method of creating a sustained silicon-containing quaternary ammonium antimicrobial agent within a polymeric materialA method of imparting sustained antimicrobial properties throughout a material or substrate using an antimicrobial polymerizable silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt monomer in a solvent to form a quaternary ammonium salt solution; and mixing the silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt solution with at least a second monomer or a polymer or coating a solid polymer. Depending on the nature of the second monomer or polymer and the reaction conditions; a copolymer with the first monomer or a homopolymer will form, such that a polymeric material, substrate or formed plastic product comprising the copolymer or homopolymer or blended with the coated concentrate will have sustained antimicrobial properties. This method can be used to make formed plastic products, thin layer films and other products having sustained antimicrobial properties.1. A method of imparting sustained antimicrobial properties throughout a copolymer substrate, the method comprising: (a) providing an antimicrobial first polymerizable silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt monomer in a solvent to form a quaternary ammonium salt solution; (b) providing a bulk material comprising at least one of a second monomer and a polymer, each containing functionality that will react with the first silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt monomer under reaction conditions whereby the first silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt monomer is polymerized with at least one of the second monomer and the polymer of the bulk material to form a copolymer substrate; and (c) reacting the silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt solution with at least one of the second monomer and the polymer of the bulk material under reaction conditions whereby the first silicon-containing quaternary ammonium salt monomer is polymerized with at least one of the second monomer and the polymer to form a copolymer substrate from the bulk material, such that the copolymer substrate has sustained antimicrobial properties throughout the substrate.","label":"Household","id":1918} +{"sentence":"Enhancing olefin yield from crackingAn improved method of thermally cracking hydrocarbons to produce olefin wherein a gaseous stream containing hydrocarbons is passed through a heated metal tube in a pyrolysis furnace, the improvement comprising enhancing the olefin yield by exposing the gaseous stream to a barium silicate glass-ceramic as the gaseous stream passes through the tube.1. In a method of thermally cracking hydrocarbons to produce olefins wherein a gaseous stream containing hydrocarbons is passed through a heated metal tube in a pyrolysis\/furnace, the improvement comprising enhancing the olefin yield by exposing the gaseous stream containing hydrocarbons to the surface of a barium silicate glass-ceramic as the gaseous stream passes through the tube.","label":"Process","id":1919} +{"sentence":"Method and device for carrying out the distillative separation of C5+ cutsA process is proposed for the separation of C5+ cuts by distillation into a low-boiler (A), a medium-boiler (B) and a high-boiler fraction (C) in one or more dividing-wall columns (TK), in which a dividing wall (T) is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the column with formation of an upper, common column region ( 1 ), a lower, common column region ( 6 ), a feed part ( 2, 4 ) with rectifying section ( 2 ) and stripping section ( 4 ), and a withdrawal part ( 3, 5 ) with rectifying section ( 5 ) and stripping section ( 3 ), with feed of the C5+ cut (A, B, C) into the central region of the feed part ( 2, 4 ), discharge of the high-boiler fraction (C) from the bottom of the column, discharge of the low-boiler fraction (A) via the top of the column, and discharge of the medium-boiler fraction (B) from the central region of the withdrawal part ( 3, 5 ), wherein the dividing ratio of the liquid reflux at the upper end of the dividing wall (T) is set in such a way that the proportion of high-boiling key components in the liquid reflux over the stripping section ( 3 ) of the withdrawal part at the upper end of the dividing wall (T) is from 10 to 80%, preferably from 30 to 50%, of the limit value allowed in the medium-boiler fraction (B), and wherein the heating power in the evaporator at the bottom of the dividing-wall column (TK) is set in such a way that the concentration of the low-boiling key components in the liquid at the lower end of the dividing wall (T) is from 10 to 80%, preferably from 30 to 50%, of the limit value allowed in the medium-boiler fraction (B).1. A process for the separation of C 5 + cuts by distillation into a low-boiler, a medium-boiler and a high-boiler fraction in at least one dividing-wall column, in which a dividing wall is arranged in the longitudinal direction of the column with formation at an upper, common column region, a lower, common column region, a feed part with rectifying section and stripping section, and a withdrawal part with rectifying section and stripping section, with feed of the C 5 + cut into the central region of the feed part, discharge of the high-boiler fraction from the bottom of the column, discharge of the low-boiler fraction via the tap of the column, and discharge of the medium-boiler fraction from the central region of the withdrawal part, wherein the dividing ratio of the liquid reflux at the upper end of the dividing wall is set in such a way that the proportion of high-boiling key components in the liquid reflux over the stripping section of the withdrawal part at the upper end of the dividing wall is from 10 to 80% of a limit value allowed in the medium-boiler fraction, and wherein a heating power in an evaporator at the bottom of the at least one dividing-wall column is set in such a way that the concentration of the low-boiling key components in the liquid at the lower end of the dividing wall is from 10 to 80% of the limit value allowed in the medium-boiler fraction.","label":"Process","id":1920} +{"sentence":"Preparation of multimodal polyethyleneDisclosed is a polyethylene composition. The composition comprises single-site multimodal resin A and single-site multimodal resin B, wherein resin A differs from resin B in molecular weight, in monomeric composition, in density, in long chain branch concentration or distribution, or in combinations thereof. Disclosed is also a method for making the polyethylene composition. The method comprises polymerizing, in the presence of two or more single-site catalysts, ethylene or its mixture with a C3-C10 α-olefin to form a first multimodal resin and continuing the polymerization in the presence of the same catalysts but in a different hydrogen concentration, in a different monomer composition, or at a different temperature to form a second multimodal resin.1. A multi-stage process comprising: (a) polymerizing, in the presence of two or more single-site catalysts, ethylene or a mixture of ethylene and a C3 to C10 α-olefin at a hydrogen\/monomer molar ratio within the range of about 0.0001\/1 to about 10\/1 to produce a first multimodal resin; and (b) continuing the polymerization in the presence of the same catalysts as in stage (a) at a reduced hydrogen\/monomer ratio to produce a second multimodal resin; wherein the single-site catalysts comprise an indenoindolyl catalyst.","label":"Catalyst","id":1921} +{"sentence":"Hydrogenation of methylolalkanalsProcess for the catalytic hydrogenation of methylolalkanals of the general formula where R1and R2are each, independently of one another, a further methylol group or an alkyl group having from 1 to 22 carbon atoms or an aryl or aralkyl group having from 6 to 33 carbon atoms, in the liquid phase by means of hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein hydrogen is used in a molar ratio to methylolalkanal of greater than 1.1. A process for preparing a polyhydric alcohol comprising catalytic hydrogenation of a methylolalkanal according to the following general formula: wherein R1and R2each independently represent a methylol group, a C1-C22 alkyl group, a C6-C33 aryl group, or a C6-C33 aralkyl group, in a liquid phase with hydrogen over a hydrogenation catalyst, wherein a molar ratio of hydrogen to methylolalkanal is greater than 1.","label":"Process","id":1922} +{"sentence":"Multimodal polyethylene compositions and pipe made from sameA multimodal polyethylene composition having at least two polyethylene components, wherein each component has a molecular weight distribution of equal to or less than about 5, one component has a higher molecular weight than the other component, and the higher molecular weight component has an \"a\" parameter value of equal to or greater than about 0.35 when fitted to the Carreau-Yasuda equation with n=0.1. A multimodal polyethylene composition having at least a first polyethylene component and a second polyethylene component, wherein: (a) the first polyethylene component and the second polyethylene component have a molecular weight distribution of equal to or less than 5; (b) the first polyethylene component has a higher molecular weight than the second polyethylene component; (c) the first polyethylene component has an "a" parameter value of equal to or greater than about 0.35 when fitted to the Carreau-Yasuda equation with n=0; (d) the ratio of the weight average molecular weight of the first polyethylene component to the weight average molecular weight of the second polyethylene component is between 9 and 20; (e) the S4 critical temperature of the composition is less than about −20° C.; (f) the density of the composition is from about 0.920 g\/cc to about 0.965 g\/cc; (g) the first polyethylene component comprises a copolymer of ethylene and 1-olefin and the second polyethylene component comprises a copolymer of ethylene and 1-olefin, and wherein the 1-olefin in the first polyethylene component and the second polyethylene component may be the same or different; (h) the polydispersity of the composition is from about 3.0 to about 30; and (i) the high load melt index of the composition is equal to or less than about 30 g\/10 min.","label":"HouseConst","id":1923} +{"sentence":"Process for producing unsaturated aldehydes and unsaturated acidsA process for producing an unsaturated aldehyde or an unsaturated acid comprises catalytically oxidizing propylene or at least one compound selected from isobutylene, tert.-butyl alcohol and methyl-tert.-butyl ether in a gaseous phase with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas using a fixed bed multipipe reactor, wherein (a) a plurality of composite oxides, different in occupied volume, are used as catalyst, (b) a plurality of reaction zones are provided along an axial direction in each reaction pipe of the fixed bed multipipe reactor, and (c) the plurality of the catalysts different in occupied volume are filled in the plurality of the reaction zones such that the occupied volumes become lower from the starting gas inlet side to the outlet side.1. A process for producing an unsaturated aldehyde and an unsaturated acid comprising catalytically oxidizing propylene or at least one compound selected from isobutylene, tert.-butyl alcohol and methyl-tert.-butyl ether in a gaseous phase with molecular oxygen or a molecular oxygen-containing gas using a fixed bed multipipe reactor, wherein (a) a plurality of composite oxides different in occupied volume, represented by formula [Equation] MoaWbBicFedAeBfCgDhOx(I) wherein Mo denoted molybdenum; W denotes tungsten; Bi denotes bismuth; Fe denotes iron; A denotes at least one element selected from cobalt and nickel; B denotes at least one element selected from an alkali metal, an alkaline earth metal and thallium; C denotes at least one element selected from phosphorus, tellurium, arsenic, boron, niobium, antimony, tin, lead, manganese, cerium and zinc; D denotes at least one element selected from silicon, aluminum, titanium and zirconium; O denotes oxygen; a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h and x denote numbers of atoms of Mo, W, Bi, Fe, A, B, C, D and O; a=2 to 12, b=0 to 10 and a+b=12, c=0.1 to 10, d=0.1 to 10, e=2 to 20, f=0.005 to 3, g=0 to 4, h-0.5 to 30 and x=value determined by an oxidized state of each element, are used as catalysts, (b) a plurality of reaction zones are provided along an axial direction in each reaction pipe of the fixed bed multipipe reactor, and (c) the plurality of the catalysts different in occupied volume are filled in the plurality of the reaction zones such that the occupied volumes become lower from the starting gas inlet side to the outlet side.","label":"Process","id":1924} +{"sentence":"Copolymer rubber having a star-shaped block structure, the preparation process and use thereofProvided is a copolymer rubber, comprising a copolymer having a star-shaped block structure (SIB-PA)n-X, wherein SIB is a block comprising styrene, butadiene, and isoprene as constituent monomers; PA is a block comprising butadiene or isoprene as a constituent monomer; X is the residue of at least one coupling agent; and n=2-4. Also provided is a process for preparing the copolymer rubber and use thereof.1. A copolymer rubber, comprising a copolymer having a star-shaped block structure (SIB-PA)n-X, and further comprising a copolymer having a SIB-PA structure, wherein: SIB is a block comprising styrene, butadiene, and isoprene as constituent monomers; PA is a block formed by homopolymerization of butadiene or isoprene; X is the residue of at least one coupling agent; and n=2-4, wherein the content of isoprene ranges from 20 to 60% by weight relative to the total weight of the copolymer rubber.","label":"IndustConst","id":1925} +{"sentence":"Propylene oxide and derivatives processPropylene is oxidized with molecular oxygen in the liquid phase to form products including propylene oxide, propylene glycol, propylene glycol esters, allyl alcohol, acrolein and acetal, the acrolein is hydrogenated to allyl alcohol, the acetol is hydrogenated to propylene glycol, the propylene glycol esters are hydrolyzed to propylene glycol, and propylene oxide, propylene glycol and allyl alcohol are recovered as products.1. The process which comprises: a) oxidizing propylene in the liquid phase with molecular oxygen to form a product mixture comprised of propylene oxide, propylene glycol, propylene glycol formate and acetate, allyl alcohol, acrolein and acetol, b) separating propylene oxide from the oxidation reaction mixture, c) separating propylene glycol from the oxidation reaction mixture, d) separating allyl alcohol from the oxidation reaction mixture, e) separating mono- and di-propylene glycol acetates and formates from the oxidation reaction mixture and hydrolyzing the separated propylene glycol acetates and formates to form product propylene glycol and recovering the thusly formed propylene glycol, f) separating acrolein from the oxidation reaction mixture, hydrogenating the separated acrolein to form product allyl alcohol and recovering the thusly formed allyl alcohol, g) separating acetol from the oxidation reaction mixture, hydrogenating the separated acetol to form product propylene glycol and recovering the thusly formed propylene glycol.","label":"Process","id":1926} +{"sentence":"Process for preparation of monocyclopentadienyl metal complex compounds and method of useCationic Group 4 or Lanthanide metal catalysts containing a single, delocalized π-bonded group are prepared by contacting a metal complex with a carbonium salt of a compatible, non-coordinating anion.1. An addition polymerization process wherein one or more addition polymerizable monomers are polymerized in the presence of a catalyst prepared by a process comprising contacting a) a derivative of a Group 4 or Lanthanide metal corresponding to the formula: wherein: M is zirconium or titanium; Cp* is a cyclopentadienyl group; or a group selected from indenyl, fluorenyl and hydrogenated derivatives thereof; or one of the foregoing groups substituted with one or more alkyl, aryl or cycloalkyl moleties of up to 20 carbons, said Cp* further being bound in an η5bonding mode to M; Z is SIR*2,CR*2,SiR*2SiR*2,CR*2CR*2,CR*=CR*, CR*2SiR*2,or GeR*2. Y is a nitrogen or phosphorus containing group corresponding to the formula --N(R"")-- or --P(R"")--; wherein: R* each occurrence is hydrogen or a moiety selected from alkyl, aryl, silyl, halogenated alkyl, halogenated aryl groups and combinations thereof having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, and R"" is C1-10alkyl or C6-10aryl; X" each occurrence is halo, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, or aryloxy of up to 20 carbons; and p is 2, with b) a salt corresponding to the formula .COPYRGT.+A-, wherein .COPYRGT.+ is a stable carbonium ion containing up to 30 nonhydrogen atoms and A- is a noncoordinating compatible anion; under conditions to cause abstraction of one X" and formation of the neutral species, .COPYRGT.X".","label":"Catalyst","id":1927} +{"sentence":"Waste heat air conditioning systemThe present disclosure provides for a method and apparatus of providing air conditioning from a waste heat source. A vapor state expander is provided producing mechanical work, and a compressing unit is at least partially operative responsive to the mechanical work output of the vapor state expander. In another exemplary embodiment a second liquid state expander producing mechanical work is further provided, the compressing unit operative further responsive to the mechanical work of the liquid state expander. The apparatus disclosed is further capable of providing backup heating and cooling from an additional power source when the waste heat source is insufficient.1. An apparatus arranged to provide air conditioning comprising: a control element; a driving member; a first heat exchanger; a liquid state expander arranged to produce mechanical work as a first rotational force to said driving member responsive to refrigerant in a liquid state; a vapor state expander arranged to produce mechanical work as a second rotational force to said driving member responsive to a refrigerant in a superheated vapor state; a second heat exchanger; a compressor driven by said driving member; a condenser; and an evaporator, wherein in a waste heat cooling mode said control element is arranged to: feed a first portion of the output of said condenser to said liquid state expander via said first heat exchanger, said first portion in a liquid state at the input to said liquid state expander; feed a second portion of the output of said condenser to said vapor state expander via said second heat exchanger, said fed second portion in a vapor state at the input to said vapor state expander responsive to heat received via said second heat exchanger; feed the output of said liquid state expander to said evaporator; feed a first portion of the output of said evaporator to the input of said compressor; and feed the output of said compressor and the output of said vapor state expander to the input of said condenser.","label":"Process","id":1928} +{"sentence":"Process for making PVC resin having improved initial color and clarityThis invention discloses methods of polymerization in the field of PVC dispersion resins, in particular, dispersion PVC, made by the emulsion or microsuspension process with or without monomer metering. The invention achieves improved initial plastisol color without destroying blush resistance by employing techniques which entail at least two air evacuation steps. In the preferred embodiment a specified amount of a metabisulfite reducing agent is incorporated into the polymerization medium and\/or monomer mixture followed by polymerization initiaton and further processing. Another disclosure of the invention is a simple method for reducing the haze of dispersion resin plastisol films thereby improving their clarity by the addition of a small amount of non-copolymerizable polybasic carboxylic acid to the dispersion resin or monomer dispersion prior to isolating the resin. The preferred poly basic acids are non-ethylenic unsaturated, di- or tri-carboxylic acids like citric acid and tartaric acid.1. An aqueous process for preparing a dispersion PVC resin having a mean particle size diameter of from 0.05 microns to about 10 microns at from 30° to 70° C. using the micro-suspension process, consisting essentially of the independent steps of: (a) adding to a pressure vessel at least one of the group consisting of water, monomer, and surfactant comprising ammonium sulfate or ammonium sulfonate salts having from 8 to 18 carbons. (b) removal of substantially all of the air within said vessel and thereafter introducing an inert gas, (c) removal of substantially all of the air within said vessel after said inert gas is introduced, (d) adding from 0.01 to 0.5 weight parts per 100 weight parts of monomer of a metabisulfite reducing agent, (e) adding at least one oil soluble initiator, (f) commencing polymerization, and (g) recovering said resin.","label":"HouseConst","id":1929} +{"sentence":"Method for manufacture of powder composition for cordieriteA powder composition for producing cordierite is obtained by mixing a water-soluble magnesium salt; a water-soluble aluminum salt; a silicon source selected from the group consisting of organic silicon compounds, silica, silica sol and, silica gel; and an organic solvent, adding to the resultant mixture an ammonia-alkaline solution of ammonium carbonate thereby producing a precipitate, separating the precipitate, and drying the separated precipitate.1. A method for the manufacture of a powder composition for cordierite, which comprises preparing water containing a water-soluble magnesium salt, a water-soluble aluminum salt, and at least one silicon source selected from the group consisting of (a) an organic silicon compound and (b) at least one member selected from the group consisting of finely divided silicon oxide, silica gel, and silica sol in amounts calculated to correspond to a cordierite percentage composition as Mg, Al, and Si, mixing this water with a water-soluble organic solvent thereby producing a mixed solution, then adding to said mixed solution an ammonia-alkaline ammonium carbonate solution thereby inducing precipitation, and separating and drying the precipitate.","label":"IndustConst","id":1930} +{"sentence":"Methods for producing water-absorbent foamed polymer particlesA process for preparing water-absorbing polymer particles, comprising polymerization of a foamed monomer solution or suspension, drying, grinding and classification.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymer particles by polymerizing a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and has been neutralized to an extent of 25 to 95 mol %, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, and d) at least one surfactant, the monomer solution or suspension being polymerized to a polymeric foam and predried to a water content of 5 to 30%, by weight, which comprises subsequently grinding the predried polymeric foam, drying the resulting water-absorbing polymer particles, and classifying the resulting water-absorbing polymer particles.","label":"Household","id":1931} +{"sentence":"Process for producing methacrylic acidDisclosed is a process for producing methacrylic acid from methacrolein in high yields and at high selectivity which comprises vapor phase catalytic oxidation of methacrolein with molecular oxygen, characterized by using a catalyst represented by the formula: PaMobVcCudZneAfBgChDiOjwherein P, Mo, V, Cu, Zn and O represent phosphorus, molybdenum, vanadium, copper, zinc and oxygen, respectively, A represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of antimony and iron, B represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, sulfur, selenium, scandium and gallium, C represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium, D represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of tungsten, magnesium, chromium, maganese, zirconium, tin, tantalum, bismuth, cerium, cadmium and boron, a-j indicate the atomic ratio of the respective elements and when b is 12, a is 0.1-3, c is 0.01-3, d is 0.01-3, e is 0.01-3, f is 0.1-5, g is 0.001-5, h is 0.01-3 and is 0-5 and j indicates the number of oxygen atoms necessary to satisfy valences of the respective elements.1. A process for producing methacrylic acid by vapor phase catalytic oxidation of methacrolein with molecular oxygen which comprises carrying out the reaction in the presence of a catalyst represented by the formula: PaMobVcCudZneAfBgChDiOjwherein P, Mo, V, Cu, Zn and 0 represent phosphorus, molybdenum, vanadium, copper, zinc and oxygen, respectively, A represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of antimony and iron, B represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of silicon, sulfur, selenium, scandium and gallium, C represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of potassium, rubidium, cesium and thallium, D represents at least one element selected from the group consisting of tungsten, magnesium, chromium, manganese, zirconium, tin, tantalum, bismuth, cerium, cadmium and boron, a-j indicate the atomic ratio of the respective elements and b is 12, a is 0.1-3, c is 0.01-3, d is 0.01-3, e is 0.01-3, f is 0.1-5, g is 0.001-5, h is 0.01-3 and i is 0-5 and j indicates the number of oxygen atoms necessary to satisfy the valences of the respective elements.","label":"Catalyst","id":1932} +{"sentence":"Thermoplastic blend of oxymethylene copolymers exhibiting improved impact resistanceA polymer blend comprising a first copolymer and a second copolymer and having improved impact resistance is provided. The first copolymer has recurring units which consist essentially of oxymethylene groups having the formula --OCH2--interspersed with groups, where each R1and R2is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl radicals, and halogen-substituted lower alkyl radicals, each R3is selected from the group consisting of methylene, oxymethylene, lower alkyl and haloalkyl substituted methylene, and lower alkyl and haloalkyl substituted oxymethylene radicals, and n is an integer from zero to three, each lower alkyl radical having one to two carbon atoms. The oxymethylene units comprise approximately 85 to approximately 99.9 mole percent of the recurring units of the first copolymer. The second copolymer has recurring units which consist essentially of oxymethylene groups having the formula--OCH2--interspersed with groups where R1,R2,R3,and n have the same meanings as the corresponding symbols used with regard to the first copolymer and where the selections made with regard to the second copolymer are independent of the selections made with regard to the first copolymer, the oxymethylene groups of the second copolymer comprising approximately 50 to approximately 75 mole percent of the recurring units of the second copolymer. The second copolymer comprises approximately 1.5 to approximately 40 weight percent of the blend.1. A polymer blend having improved impact resistance comprising: (A) a first copolymer whose recurring units consist essentially of (i) oxymethylene groups having the formula --OCH2-- interspersed with groups, where each R1and R2is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower alkyl radicals, and halogen-substituted lower alkyl radicals, each R3is selected from the group consisting of methylene, oxymethylene, lower alkyl and haloalkyl substituted methylene, and lower alkyl and haloalkyl substituted oxymethylene radicals, and n is an integer from zero to three, each lower alkyl radical having one to two carbon atoms, said oxymethylene units of said first copolymer comprising approximately 85 to approximately 99.9 mole percent of the recurring units of said first copolymer, said (ii) groups of said first copolymer being incorporated during the step of copolymerization to produce said first copolymer by the opening of the ring of a cyclic ether having adjacent carbon atoms by the breaking of an oxygen-to-carbon linkage, and (B) a second copolymer whose randomly recurring units consist of (i) oxymethylene groups having the formula --OCH2-- interspersed with groups, where R1,R2,R3and n have the same meanings as the corresponding symbols used with regard to said first copolymer and where the selections made with regard to said second copolymer are independent of the selections made with regard to said first copolymer, said oxymethylene groups of said second copolymer comprising approximately 65 to approximately 75 mole percent of the randomly recurring units of said second copolymer, said (ii) groups of said second polymer comprising approximately 25 to approximately 35 mole percent of the randomly recurring units of the second copolymer and being randomly incorporated during the step of copolymerization to produce said second copolymer by the opening of the ring of a cyclic ether having adjacent carbon atoms by the breaking of an oxygen-to-carbon linkage, wherein said second copolymer comprises approximately 1.5 to approximately 40 weight percent of said blend, said blend having an impact resistance greater than that of said first copolymer.","label":"Construct","id":1933} +{"sentence":"Solid\/heat-transfer gas reactor comprising gas diffusers with reduced risks of blockingA module for a solid\/heat-transfer gas reactor, including a plurality of diffusers each including a top portion supporting the solid reagent, and a portion for diffusing reactive\/heat-transfer gas, situated under the top portion.1. A solid\/heat-transfer gas reactor comprising: a plurality of modules stacked in a vertical direction, comprising solid reagents configured to have the heat-transfer gas pass through them; wherein each module comprises a plurality of diffusers each including a top portion supporting one of the solid reagents, and a portion for diffusing reactive\/heat-transfer gas, situated under the top support portion, and comprising a lateral gas-distribution channel, and a lateral gas-collection channel, each module further comprising a double wall between which the gas is configured to circulate before entering through the diffusers, the diffusers projecting upwards from a top wall of the double wall, and wherein any two directly consecutive modules in the stack define a housing cavity receiving one of the solid reagents carried at least partially by the diffusers arranged in the cavity, the lateral gas-distribution channels of the stacked modules forming together a vertical distributor supplying gas to each of spaces defined between two walls of the double walls, and wherein the lateral gas-collection channels of the stacked modules form together a vertical collector collecting the gas coming from each of the housing cavities.","label":"IndustConst","id":1934} +{"sentence":"Process for producing aldehydes and bisphosphite compound to be used for the processA process for producing aldehydes, which comprises reacting a mono-olefinic compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a Group VIII transition metal compound of a bisphosphite compound of the following formula (1) or (2)1. A process for producing aldehydes, which comprises reacting an olefinic compound consisting essentially of a mono-olefinic compound with carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of a Group VIII transition metal compound, wherein the reaction is carried out in the presence of a bisphosphite compound of the following formula (1) or (2) having a bisphenylene structural moiety connecting the two phosphite structures, said bisphenylene structural moiety being represented by a structure of the following formula (I) and when, by the following calculation method; Calculation method: Molecular Mechanics Method Program: CAChe Mechanics Release 3.9 Details of calculation: Optimization Method: Block Diagonal Newton Raphson Method Converging condition: 0.001 kcal\/mol using a dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings of the structure of the formula (I) as a variable X (degrees), energy values are calculated by changing the dihedral angle X within a range of from 130 to 40 degrees, and relative energy values Y (kcal\/mol) are calculated by subtracting the lowest calculated energy value from the energy values at the respective dihedral angles, and the relation between the dihedral angle X and the relative energy value Y is represented by the formula Y=AX2+BX+C, coefficient A satisfies A≥5×10-4: wherein each of R1to R6which are independent of one another, is a group selected from the group consisting of a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkoxy group, a silyl group, a siloxy group, an alkoxy carbonyl group, an acyl group, a --SO3Na group, a --SO3Li group, a --COONa group, a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, with the proviso that R1and R4are not hydrogen, each of Ar1,Ar2,Ar3and Ar4which are independent of one another, is a substituted or unsubstituted arylene group, each of Q and Q's which are independent of each other, is a linking group selected from the group consisting of --CR7R8--, --O--, --S--, --NR9--, SiR10R11-- and --CO--, wherein each of R7to R11which are independent of one another, is a hydrogen atom, a C1-12alkyl group or an aryl group, and each of n and n's which are independent of each other, is 0 or 1, wherein R1to R6,Ar1to Ar2,Q and n are as defined in the formula (1), each of Z1and Z2which are independent of each other, is a C1-20alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, an aralkyl group or a hetero aryl group.","label":"Catalyst","id":1935} +{"sentence":"Cured cellulose ester, method of curing same, and use thereofCellulose esters are cured by exposure to radiation preferably followed by exposure to elevated temperatures of at least about 100° C. In addition, polymers obtained from reacting certain cellulose esters with certain polymerizable silicon esters are provided. The cured cellulose esters are suitable for producing transparent parts such as contact lenses.1. A shaped transparent contact lens of concavo-convex shape with the concave surface substantially conforming to the cornea of the eye, said lens being formed of a composition from the polymerization of a composition comprising an organic cellulose ester selected from the group of cellulose acetate, cellulose acetate butyrate, cellulose acetate propionate or mixtures thereof; and a polymerizable ethylenically unsaturated silicone ester.","label":"HouseConst","id":1936} +{"sentence":"Aerogel\/PTFE composite insulating materialA material comprising aerogel particles and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder is formed having a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 mW\/m K at atmospheric conditions. The material is moldable or formable, having little or no shedding of filler particles, and may be formed into structures such as tapes or composites, for example, by bonding the material between two outer layers. Advantageously, composites may be flexed, stretched, or bent without significant dusting or loss of insulating properties.1. A portable electronic device comprising at least one heat generating component, an enclosure, and an insulating structure located between the heat generating component and the enclosure, the insulating structure comprising an insulating material comprising greater than or equal to about 40% wt aerogel particles, and less than or equal to about 60% wt polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) particles having a particle size of from about 50 nm to about 600 μm.","label":"IndustConst","id":1937} +{"sentence":"Metallocene complexes having heterofunctional groups in the cyclopentadienyl systemMetallocene complexes of the general formula I where the substituents Y, M, x, R1,R2,R3,R4,R6,R7,R8,and R9are as described in the disclosure, and ligand systems of the general formula II as intermediates.1. A metallocene complex of the formula I where M is titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium or tantalum, X is fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, C1-C10-alkyl, C6-C15-aryl or --OR5, R5is C1--C10-alkyl, C6-C15-aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl, each having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, R1to R3and R6to R8are each hydrogen, C1-C10-alkyl or 5-membered to 7-membered cycloalkyl which in turn may carry C1-C10-alkyl substituents, or are each C6-C15-aryl or arylalkyl, where two neighboring radicals together may furthermore be a cyclic group of 4 to 15 carbon atoms, or Si(R10)3, R10is C1-C10-alkyl, C6-C15-aryl or C3-C10-cycloalkyl, R4is Q1is nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or bismuth, R11and R12are each C1-C10-alkyl, C3-C15-cycloalkyl, C6-C15-aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl, each having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, or the two radicals together may be a cyclic group of 2 to 15 carbon atoms which in turn may contain from 1 to 8 heteroatoms of main groups III to VI of the Periodic Table of Elements, R9is hydrogen, C1-C10-alkyl or 5-membered to 7-membered cycloalkyl which in turn may carry C1-C10-alkyl substituents, or is C6-C15-aryl or arylalkyl, where two neighboring radicals together may furthermore be a cyclic group of 4 to 15 carbon atoms, or Si(R13)3or R13is C1-C10-alkyl, C6-C15-aryl or C3-C10-cycloalkyl, Q2is nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony or bismuth, R14and R15are each C1-C10-alkyl, C3-C15-cycloalkyl, C6-C15-aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl, each having 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, or the two radicals together may be a cyclic group of 2 to 15 carbon atoms which in turn may contain 1 to 8 heteroatoms of main groups III to VI of the Periodic Table of Elements, Y is is silicon, germanium, tin or carbon, and R16,R17,R18and R19are each hydrogen, C1-C10-alkyl, C3-C10-cycloalkyl or C6-C15-aryl, where two neighboring radicals together may furthermore be a cyclic group of 4 to 15 carbon atoms.","label":"Catalyst","id":1938} +{"sentence":"Comonomer pretreated bimetallic catalyst for blow molding and film applicationsThe invention relates to a catalyst component which is a tract product of reagents comprising silica which has a pore volume which exceeds 2.9 cc\/gram and an average pore diameter which exceed 400 Angstroms; a metallocene of a first transition metal, activated by an alumoxane, a contact product of dialkylmagnesium and trialkylsilanol, a second transition metal source which exhibits a hydrogen response which is different from that of the metallocene an olefin of 4 to 20 carbon atoms. This catalyst component is activated by an aluminum alkyl activator.1. A catalyst component made by a process comprising providing silica having an hydroxyl content of at least 0.7 millimoles per gram of silica; impregnating the silica with a solution of activated metallocene complex, to form a particulate product which contains OH groups pendant from silica; contacting a slurry of the particulate product with a reaction product of trihydrocarbyl silanol and dialkylmagnesium, and allowing the OH groups pendant from silica and the reaction product to form a contact product; impregnating the contact product with a second transition metal source which exhibits a different hydrogen response from the metallocene complex to form a solid; and reacting said solid with an olefin of 4 to 20 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":1939} +{"sentence":"Outdoor unit for air conditionerIn an outdoor unit of an air conditioner, a control box of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner is configured so that heat exchange chamber-side air flows toward a fan motor assembly via an inside of the control box by operation of the fan motor assembly. Thus, the inside of the control box may be efficiently cooled.1. An outdoor device of an air conditioner, the outdoor device comprising: a barrier that partitions an inside of the outdoor device into a heat exchange chamber and a machine room, the barrier including a first wall, a second wall, and a central wall disposed between the first wall and the second wall, wherein adjacent sections of the central wall and the second wall are recessed toward the heat exchange chamber, and a section of the first wall is recessed toward the heat exchange chamber; one or more blower fan disposed in the heat exchange chamber to allow heat exchange chamber-side air to forcibly flow; an outdoor heat exchanger disposed in the heat exchange chamber, wherein the outdoor heat exchanger performs heat-exchange with air flowing due to the blower fan; a control box disposed in the machine room to control an operation of the outdoor device; and a base plate installed at a surface of the barrier facing the machine room, wherein the first wall of the barrier extends to bend from one side end of the central wall, and the second wall of the barrier extends to bend from the other side end of the center wall; wherein the barrier further includes: a barrier discharge formed to be recessed in the first wall of the barrier, the barrier discharge forming a barrier discharge hole that guides air to be discharged from the heat exchange chamber; and a barrier inflow formed to be recessed in the second wall of the barrier, the barrier inflow forming a barrier inflow hole that guides air into the heat exchange chamber, wherein the base plate includes: a central surface coupled at the central wall of the barrier; a left surface extending from one end of the central surface to face the first wall of the barrier and be spaced apart from the first wall; and a right surface extending from another end of the central surface to face the second wall of the barrier and be spaced apart from the second wall, wherein: the control box is coupled to the central surface of the base plate, air introduced by the barrier inflow hole flows into the machine room through a base inflow hole formed on the right surface of the base plate, and air flowing into the machine room flows into the barrier discharge hole through a base discharge hole formed on the left surface of the base plate and positioned closer to the blower fan than the right surface.","label":"Household","id":1940} +{"sentence":"WATER-ABSORBENT AGENT, METHOD FOR PRODUCTION THEREOF, AND WATER- ABSORBENT COMPOSITIONA method for the production of a water-absorbent agent comprises mixing an absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group with an additive soluble in the aqueous solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, organic acids, and polyamino acids and a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with the carboxyl group. A water-absorbent agent obtained by adding from 0.005 to 8 parts by weight of an epoxy compound to 100 parts by weight of a water-absorbent resin, exhibiting an absorption capacity without load of at least 45 (g\/g), an absorption capacity under load of 20 g\/cm 2 of not less than 30 (ml\/g) and having a residue amount of an epoxy compound of not more than 2 ppm. A water-absorbent composition comprises a polyamino acid (salt) and a water-absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group.1 . A method for the production of a water-absorbent agent which comprises mixing a water-absorbent resin containing a carboxyl group with an additive soluble in the aqueous solution of at least one member selected from the group consisting of inorganic acids, organic acids, and polyamino acids and a cross-linking agent capable of reacting with said carboxyl group.","label":"Household","id":1941} +{"sentence":"Method for producing superabsorbers with a low residual monomer contentTo prepare superabsorbents with a low residual monomer content, a salt of urea with an inorganic acid is added to the monomer mixture before or during the polymerization or to the polymer after the polymerization but before a heat treatment which follows the polymerization.1. A polymerization process for preparing superabsorbent particles comprising adding a salt of urea with an inorganic acid to a monomer mixture before or during the polymerization, or to a polymer after the polymerization, but before a heat treatment which follows the polymerization, wherein the superabsorbent particles have a L value (CIE color number) of at least 75.","label":"Household","id":1942} +{"sentence":"Aftertreatment of spray dried, powdered vinyl chloride emulsion polymerizatesThe rheological properties of paste-formable, powdered polymerizates produced by polymerizing vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and a copolymerizable monomer in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of a water-soluble catalyst and an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid as the polymerization emulsifier and spray drying the resultant polymerizate, are improved by treating the powdered polymerizate with a gas which forms an acid in an aqueous solution.1. A process for improving the rheological properties of powdered polymerizates formable into plastisols, which comprises polymerizing vinyl chloride or a mixture of vinyl chloride and a copolymerizable monomer in an aqueous emulsion in the presence of a water-soluble catalyst and an alkali metal salt of a fatty acid as the polymerization emulsifier, spray drying the resultant polymerizate to form a powder, and subsequently treating the powdered polymerizate with a gas mixture which forms an acid in an aqueous solution to effect said improvement in rheological properties wherein the acid-forming gas is present in the gas mixture at a concentration of 0.5-20% by volume.","label":"HouseConst","id":1943} +{"sentence":"Method for the continuous purification by distillation of 1,2-propylene glycol that accumulates during the synthesis of propylene oxide without coupling productsThe invention relates to a continuously operated process for the purification by distillation of the 1,2-propylene glycol formed as by-product in the synthesis of propylene oxide, wherein the mixture formed in the synthesis which contains the 1,2-propylene glycol is separated in a dividing wall column into low-, intermediate- and high-boiling fractions and the 1,2-propylene glycol is taken off as intermediate boiler at the side offtake of the column.1. A continuously operated process for the purification by distillation of the 1,2-propylene glycol formed as by-product in the synthesis of propylene oxide, wherein the mixture formed in the synthesis which contains the 1,2-propylene glycol is separated in a dividing wall column into low-, intermediate- and high-boiling fractions and the 1,2-propylene glycol is taken off as intermediate boiler at the side offtake of the column.","label":"Process","id":1944} +{"sentence":"Polymerization catalysts for producing polymers with low levels of long chain branchingThis invention relates to catalyst compositions, methods, and polymers encompassing a Group 4 metallocene with bridging η5-cyclopentadienyl-type ligands, in combination with a cocatalyst and an activator-support. The compositions and methods disclosed herein provide ethylene polymers with low levels of long chain branching.1. A catalyst composition comprising the contact product of at least one ansa-metallocene, at least one organoaluminum compound, and at least one activator-support, wherein: a) the ansa-metallocene comprises a compound having the formula: (X1)(X2)(X3)(X4)M1, wherein M1is titanium, zirconium, or hafnium; (X1) and (X2) are independently selected from a cyclopentadienyl, an indenyl, a fluorenyl, or a substituted analog thereof, wherein at least one of (X1) and (X2) is substituted; at least one substituent of the substituted (X1) or (X2) comprises an unsaturated group having the formula —SiR42R5, wherein each R4is independently selected from a hydrocarbyl group or a substituted hydrocarbyl group having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; R5is an alkenyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkadienyl group, or a substituted analog thereof having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; (X1) and (X2) are connected by a substituted or unsubstituted bridging group comprising one atom bonded to both (X1) and (X2), wherein the atom is carbon, silicon, germanium, or tin; and any substituent on R4any substituent on R5, any substituent on the substituted bridging group, any additional substituent on (X1) or (X2), and (X3) and (X4) are independently selected from an aliphatic group, an aromatic group, a cyclic group, a combination of aliphatic and cyclic groups, an oxygen group, a sulfur group, a nitrogen group, a phosphorus group, an arsenic group, a carbon group, a silicon group, a germanium group, a tin group, a lead group, a boron group, an aluminum group, —SO2X, —OAIX2, —OSiX3, —OPX2, —SX, —OSO2X, —AsX2, —As(O)X2, —PX2, wherein X is a monoanionic group such as halide, hydride, amide, alkoxide, alkyl thiolate, or a substituted derivative thereof, any of which having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; a halide; or hydrogen; b) the organoaluminum compound comprises a compound with the formula: Al(X5)n(X6)3−n, wherein (X5) is a hydrocarbyl having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms; (X6) is an alkoxide or an aryloxide having from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms, halide, or hydride; and n is a number from 1 to 3, inclusive; and c) the activator-support comprises: a solid oxide treated with an electron-withdrawing anion; a layered mineral, an ion-exchangeable activator-support, or any combination thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":1945} +{"sentence":"Polymer blends with improved colorabilityThe present invention is directed to blends of two grafted rubber substrates and a matrix polymer wherein one of the grafted rubber substrates uses a core\/shell rubber such as a styrene\/butyl acrylate rubber in order to obtain a lower contrast ratio in the blends and better colorability as well as good impact strength.1. A polymer blend comprising: (1) from 30 to 50% by weight based on the total weight of the polymer blend of a first grafted rubber component comprising an acrylate rubber which is grafted with a vinyl aromatic monomer and an unsaturated nitrile monomer and wherein the acrylate rubber is a core\/shell rubber comprising a core prepared from a vinyl aromatic monomer and one or more optional comonomers and an acrylate rubber shell wherein the average rubber phase particle size (RPPS) of the core\/shell rubber is in the range of from 0.08 to 0.5 microns and wherein the weight of the core is in the range of 5 to 40% by weight of the total weight of the core\/shell rubber; (2) from 15 to 30% by weight based on the total weight of the polymer blend of a second grafted rubber component comprising a rubber substrate selected from the group consisting of diene, ethylene propylene and acrylate rubbers which rubber is grafted with a vinyl aromatic monomer and an unsaturated nitrile monomer wherein the average rubber phase particle size of the rubber substrate is in the range of from 0.3 to 8 microns; and (3) from 20 to 55% by weight based on the total weight of the polymer blend of a matrix polymer formed from a vinyl aromatic monomer, an unsaturated nitrile monomer and optionally one or more compatible comonomers.","label":"Automobile","id":1946} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PREPARING TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES, TRANSITION METAL COMPLEXES PREPARED USING THE METOD, CATALYST COMPOSITION CONTAINING THE COMPLEXESThe present invention provides a novel transition metal complex where a monocyclopentadienyl ligand to which an amido group is introduced is coordinated, a method for synthesizing the complex, and olefin polymerization using the same. The method for preparing a transition metal complex according to the present invention comprises a step of blocking a by-reaction of a nitrogen atom using a compound containing a protecting group, and thus it is possible to prepare a transition metal complex in a simpler manner in a high yield. Further, the transition metal complex according to the present invention has a pentagon ring structure having an amido group connected by a phenylene bridge in which a stable bond is formed in the vicinity of a metal site, and thus, sterically monomers can easily approach the transition metal complex.9 . An amine-based compound represented by Formula 4 below: wherein R1, R2, R3, and R4 are each independently a hydrogen atom; a silyl radical; an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl radical having 5 to 20 carbon atoms; an alkenyl radical having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkylaryl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or an arylalkyl radical having 6 to 20 carbon atoms; or a metalloid radical of a metal belonging to Group 14 substituted with a hydrocarbyl having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; at least two of R1, R2, R3, and R4 may be connected to each other to form an aliphatic ring having 5 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic ring having 5 to 20 carbon atoms; at least two of R1, R2, R3 and R4 may be connected to each other by an alkylidine radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, containing an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl radical having 5 to 20 carbon atoms to form a ring; R5, R6, R7, and R8 are each independently a hydrogen atom; a halogen radical; or an alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or an aryl radical having 5 to 20 carbon atoms; and at least two of R5, R6, R7, and R8 may be connected to each other to form an aliphatic ring having 5 to 20 carbon atoms or an aromatic ring having 5 to 20 carbon atoms; and R9 is a hydrogen atom; a branched or linear alkyl radical having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; or an aryl radical having 5 to 20 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":1947} +{"sentence":"Heat resistant aerogel insulation composite, aerogel binder composition, and method for preparing sameThe invention provides a heat resistant aerogel insulation composite comprising an insulation base layer comprising hydrophobic aerogel particles and an aqueous binder, and a thermally reflective top layer comprising a protective binder and an infrared reflecting agent. The invention also provides a method of preparing a heat resistant aerogel insulation composite, as well as methods of preparing an aerogel binder composition and aerogel binder compositions so prepared.1 . A heat resistant aerogel insulation composite comprising (a) an insulation base layer comprising hydrophobic aerogel particles and an aqueous binder, and (b) a thermally reflective top layer comprising a protective binder and an infrared reflecting agent.","label":"IndustConst","id":1948} +{"sentence":"Mixed manganese ferrite coated catalyst, method of preparing the same, and method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the sameThis invention relates to a method of preparing a mixed manganese ferrite coated catalyst, and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the same, and more particularly, to a method of preparing a catalyst by coating a support with mixed manganese ferrite obtained by co-precipitation at 10˜40° C. using a binder and to a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using oxidative dehydrogenation of a crude C4 mixture containing n-butene and n-butane in the presence of the prepared catalyst. This mixed manganese ferrite coated catalyst has a simple synthetic process, and facilitates control of the generation of heat upon oxidative dehydrogenation and is very highly active in the dehydrogenation of n-butene.1. A method of preparing a mixed manganese ferrite coated catalyst for use in preparing 1,3-butadiene, comprising: a) co-precipitating a precursor aqueous solution comprising a manganese precursor and an iron precursor while being mixed in a basic solution, thus forming a co-precipitated solution; b) washing and filtering the co-precipitated solution, thus obtaining a solid sample of mixed manganese ferrite which is then dried at 70˜200° C.; c) mixing the dried solid sample of mixed manganese ferrite, a binder of alumina, distilled water and an acid at a weight ratio of 1:1˜1,5: 8˜10:0.4˜0.6 at room temperature, thus obtaining a mixture, wherein said alumina is boehmite and the acid is selected from the group consisting of nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid; and d) adding a support to the mixture obtained in c) and then performing blending and drying, wherein said drying is performed at 50˜80° C., and the support is silicon carbide.","label":"Catalyst","id":1949} +{"sentence":"Ethylene copolymer and uses thereofAn ethylene copolymer is provided which is a copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms and has the following properties: (a) the melt index (MI2) at 190° C. under a load of 2.16 kg is in the range of 0.0001 to 1000 g\/10 min, (b) the density is not more than 0.899 g\/cm3, (c) the relationship between a vinyl group amount and MI2 of the polymer satisfies the following expression: (vinyl group amount: number of vinyl groups\/1000 carbon atoms)≦0.004509+0.000815×log(MI2), and (d) the relationship between a vinylidene group amount and MI2 of the polymer satisfies the following expression: (vinylidene group amount: number of vinylidene groups\/1000 carbon atoms)≦0.013528+0.002445×log(MI2).1. An ethylene copolymer which is a copolymer of ethylene and an α-olefin of 3 to 20 carbon atoms and has the following properties: (a) the melt index (MI2) at 190° C. under a load of 2.16 kg is in the range of 0.0001 to 1000 g\/10 min, (b) the density is not more than 0.899 g\/cm3, (c) the relationship between a vinyl group amount and MI2 of the polymer satisfies the following expressions: (vinyl group amount: number of vinyl groups\/1000 carbon atoms)≦0.004509+0.000815×log  (MI2), and (d) the relationship between a vinylidene group amount and MI2 of the polymer satisfies the following expressions: (vinylidene group amount: number of vinylidene groups\/1000 carbon atoms)≦0.013528+0.002445×log  (MI2).","label":"HouseConst","id":1950} +{"sentence":"Vinyl chloride terpolymers soluble in aromatic compounds and method for their productionVinyl chloride terpolymers soluble in aromatic compounds with a K-value of from 25 to 38, measured in cyclohexanone consisting of an emulsion polymerized monomer mixture of from 65% to 80% by weight of vinyl chloride, 15% to 27% by weight of a diester of maleic acid and\/or fumaric acid with multiple-branched alkanols having 9 to 15 carbon atoms, and 3% to 15% by weight of a monoester of maleic acid and\/or fumaric acid with multiple-branched alkanols having 9 to 15 carbon atoms; As well as the process of their preparation by pre-emulsification of the mono and di esters in the aqueous phase with an anionic emulsifier prior to polymerization with vinyl chloride.1. Vinyl chloride terpolymers soluble in aromatic compounds and having a K-value of from 25 to 38, measured in cyclohexanone, consisting essentially of an emulsion polymerized monomer mixture of from: 65% to 80% by weight of vinyl chloride, 15% to 27% by weight of a diester of an acid selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, fumaric acid and mixtures thereof, with an alkanol having from 9 to 15 carbon atoms and more than one branched chain, and 3% to 15% by weight of a monoester of an acid selected from the group consisting of maleic acid, fumaric acid and mixtures thereof, with an alkanol having from 9 to 15 carbon atoms and more than one branched chain.","label":"HouseConst","id":1951} +{"sentence":"Method for production of particulate hydrated gel polymer and absorbent resinA method for the production of a particulate hydrated gel polymer, which includes heating a hydrated gel polymer possessed of a cross-linked structure to a temperature in the range of from 45° to 90° C. and extruding the resultant hot hydrated gel polymer through a perforated plate containing holes of a diameter in the range of from 6.5 to 18 mm and an absorbent resin which includes drying the resultant particulate hydrated gel polymer.1. A method for the production of a particulate hydrated gel polymer, which comprises: polymerizing a monomer composition (1) containing at least one monomer (A) selected from the group consisting of (meth)acrylic acids, alkali metal salts of (meth)acrylic acids, ammonium salts of (meth)acrylic acids, and (meth)acrylamides as main component and a cross-linkable monomer (B) having at least two polymerizable double bonds in the molecular unit in an amount of from 0.01 to 10 mol %, based on said monomer composition (1); heating the resultant hydrated gel polymer having a cross-linked structure to a temperature in the range of from 45° to 90° C., and extruding the resultant hot hydrated gel polymer through a perforated plate containing holes of a diameter in the range of from 6.5 to 18 mm.","label":"Household","id":1952} +{"sentence":"PEPTIDES, COMBINATION OF PEPTIDES, AND CELL BASED MEDICAMENTS FOR USE IN IMMUNOTHERAPY AGAINST URINARY BLADDER CANCER AND OTHER CANCERSThe present invention relates to peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and cells for use in immunotherapeutic methods. In particular, the present invention relates to the immunotherapy of cancer. The present invention furthermore relates to tumor-associated T-cell peptide epitopes, alone or in combination with other tumor-associated peptides that can for example serve as active pharmaceutical ingredients of vaccine compositions that stimulate anti-tumor immune responses, or to stimulate T cells ex vivo and transfer into patients. Peptides bound to molecules of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC), or peptides as such, can also be targets of antibodies, soluble T-cell receptors, and other binding molecules.1 . A peptide comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 64, 1-63, or 65-205 in the form of a pharmaceutical acceptable salt.","label":"Automobile","id":1953} +{"sentence":"Process for producing water-absorbing resinThe disclosed process for producing a water-absorbing resin comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing an aqueous unsaturated monomer; a drying step of drying a particulated water-containing gel-liked crosslinked polymer, obtained in a finely crushing step during the polymerization or after the polymerization; a pulverizing step after the drying, a classification step after the drying, and a surface treatment step after the classification. In the process is, the surface-treatment step is interrupted with a heating treatment apparatus kept in a heated state and thereafter the surface treatment step is restarted.1. A process for producing a water-absorbing resin comprising a polymerization step of polymerizing an aqueous unsaturated monomer solution, a drying step of drying a particulated water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer obtained in a finely crushing step during the polymerization or after the polymerization, a pulverizing step after the drying, a classification step after the drying, and a surface treatment step for the water-absorbing resin powder after the classification step, wherein the surface treatment step is a heating treatment step by using a heating treatment apparatus, and where the surface treatment step is continuous treatment where the water-absorbing resin is continuously charged to and continuously discharged out of the heating treatment apparatus and an operation time of the continuous treatment step is not shorter than 24 hours, the surface treatment step is interrupted while the heating treatment apparatus is kept in a heated state and thereafter the surface treatment step is restarted, and the interruption time of the surface treatment step is not shorter than 0.5 hours and within 100 days, the interruption of the surface treatment step means a state where the water-absorbing resin powder is absent in the heating treatment apparatus, or not charged to or not discharged out of the heating treatment apparatus in the surface treatment, and a state not charged to or not discharged out of an apparatus means a state where a water-absorbing resin powder is stopped in an apparatus and a state where the apparatus is stopped.","label":"Household","id":1954} +{"sentence":"Bridged fluorenyl\/indenyl metallocenes and the use thereofBridged fluorenyl\/indenyl metallocenes having substituents at the 3 position of the indenyl and the use thereof in the polymerization of olefins are disclosed. Also a new method for preparing bridged fluorenyl\/indenyl ligands wherein the indenyl has a substituent in the 3 position and the preparation of metallocenes with such ligands.1. A bridged fluorenyl\/indenyl containing metallocenes of the formula wherein R is a divalent organo radical connecting Fl and In, Fl is a 9-fluorenyl radical, In is an indenyl radical connected to R at the 1 position and to R1at the 3 position, wherein R and R1are the only substituents on In, wherein R1is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, alkylsilyl, alkenylsilyl, and alkoxyalkyl radicals having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, M is a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, hafnium, niobium, and tantalum, and each R2can be the same or different and is selected from hydrogen, halides, alkyl radicals containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, aryl radicals having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl radicals having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, arylalkyl radicals having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, arylalkenyl radicals having 8 to 40 carbon atoms, and alkylaryl radicals having 7 to 40 carbon atoms, n is a number to fill the remaining valences of M, further characterized by the fact that R1is not allyl or propenyl if R is dimethylsilyl.","label":"Catalyst","id":1955} +{"sentence":"Separation of components from a multi-component hydrocarbon stream which includes ethyleneA process to separate a multi-component hydrocarbon stream which includes ethylene and other components with at least some of the components being present in a number of phases, is provided. The process includes in a first flash stage, flashing the multi-component hydrocarbon stream, from an elevated pressure and temperature to a pressure in the range of 10-18 bar(a), producing a first ethylene-containing vapor stream at a pressure in the range of 10-18 bar(a) and a multi-phase stream which includes some ethylene. In a second flash stage, the multi-phase stream is flashed to a pressure of less than 6 bar(a), producing a second vapor stream at a pressure of less than 6 bar(a) and a bottoms stream. The first ethylene-containing vapor stream is removed from the first flash stage, the second vapor stream is removed from the second flash stage and the bottoms stream is removed from the second flash stage.1. A process to separate a multi-component hydrocarbon stream which includes ethylene and other components with at least some of the components being present in a plurality of phases, the process including in a first flash stage, flashing the multi-component hydrocarbon stream, from an elevated pressure of more than 18 bar(a) and a temperature of more than 180° C. to a pressure in the range of 10-18 bar(a), producing a first ethylene-containing vapour stream at a pressure in the range of 10-18 bar(a) and a multi-phase stream which includes some ethylene; in a second flash stage, flashing the multi-phase stream to a pressure of less than 6 bar(a), producing a second vapour stream at a pressure of less than 6 bar(a) and a bottoms stream; removing the first ethylene-containing vapour stream from the first flash stage and the second vapour stream from the second flash stage; separating at least a portion of the ethylene from the first ethylene-containing vapour stream by subjecting the first ethylene-containing vapour stream to at least one ethylene recovery stage producing an ethylene-rich stream and an ethylene-poor multi-component hydrocarbon stream; and removing the bottoms stream from the second flash stage.","label":"Catalyst","id":1956} +{"sentence":"Method of use of a polyvinyl alcohol-based compositionA composition based on polyvinyl alcohol and a sulfonated ketone\/formaldehyde condensate in the preferred mixing ratio of 1:1 as a further component, is provided as a fluid loss additive in mixtures containing hydraulic binders.1 . A method comprising adding to a composition comprising a hydraulic binder, a polyvinyl alcohol or a derivative thereof as component a) a sufficient amount of a sulfonated ketone\/formaldehyde condensate as component b) to decrease the amount of fluid loss in a mixture containing a hydraulic binder compared to a composition without component b), wherein the components a) and b) are present in a weight ratio of from 10:1 to 1:10.","label":"HouseConst","id":1957} +{"sentence":"Liquid and gel-like low molecular weight ethylene polymersThe subject invention pertains to homogeneous liquid low molecular weight ethylene\/alpha-olefin polymers having a number average molecular weight (Mn) as determined by gel permeation chromatography, of less than 25,000, a total crystallinity, as measured by DSC, of less than 10%, and a pour point, as measured by ASTM D97, of less than 50° C. The subject invention also pertains to homogeneous gel-like low molecular weight ethylene\/alpha-olefin polymers having a number average molecular weight (Mn) as determined by gel permeation chromatography, of less than 25,000, a total crystallinity, as measured by DSC, of less than 50%, and a pour point, as measured by ASTM D97, of less than 90° C.1. A process comprising reacting ethylene and at least one ethylenically unsaturated comonomer at a reaction temperature of at least 80° C., in the absence of hydrogen, and in the presence of a single site catalyst, to form a homogeneous substantially linear, liquid low molecular weight ethylene\/alpha-olefin polymer having: a) a number average molecular weight (Mn), as determined by gel permeation chromatography, of less than 15,000; b) a comonomer content of greater than 15 mol percent; c) a total crystallinity, as measured by DSC, of less than 10%; d) a pour point, as measured by ASTM D97, of less than 50° C., and wherein the polymer is prepared in the presence of a constrained geometry catalyst, of the Formula III: wherein: M is titanium, zirconium or hafnium, bound in an η5bonding mode to the cyclopentadienyl group; R′ each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, silyl, alkyl, aryl, and combinations thereof, having up to 10 carbon or silicon atoms; E is silicon or carbon; X independently each occurrence is hydride, halo, alkyl, aryl, aryloxy or alkoxy of up to 10 carbons; m is 1 or 2; and n is 1 or 2 depending on the valence of M.","label":"Construct","id":1958} +{"sentence":"Dehydrogenation processA process for the dehydrogenation of a C2 or C3 alkyl aromatic compound to a corresponding vinyl aromatic compound in a tubular reactor incorporating a spiral flow path. Preferred embodiments of the invention provide processes for the production of styrene or divinylbenzene by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene or diethylbenzene, respectively. A feedstock containing a C2 or C3 alkyl aromatic and steam is supplied into the inlet of a tubular reactor containing a dehydrogenation catalyst and comprising a hydrogen permeable outer wall. The alkyl aromatic compound is dehydrogenated to a corresponding vinyl aromatic compound with the attendant production of hydrogen. The feedstock and products of the dehydrogenation reactor are flowed along a longitudinal spiral flow path providing for an outward radial flow of hydrogen to provide a pressure gradient through the hydrogen permeable outer wall of the reactor with the flow of hydrogen therethrough. Hydrogen is removed from the outer wall of the reactor. The resulting vinyl aromatic product is recovered from the tubular reactor.1. A process for the production of a vinyl aromatic compound by the catalytic dehydrogenation of C2 or C3 alkyl aromatic compound comprising: (a) supplying a feedstock containing a C2 or C3 alkyl aromatic compound and steam into an elongated tubular reactor containing a dehydrogenation catalyst and comprising a hydrogen permeable outer wall extending longitudinally of said reactor; (b) operating said tubular reactor under temperature conditions effective to cause the dehydrogenalion of said alkyl aromatic compound to a corresponding vinyl aromatic compound with the attendant production of hydrogen in the presence of said dehydrogenation catalyst; (c) flowing said feedstock within at least a portion of said reactor along a spiral flow path extending longitudinally of said reactor and providing for an outwardly radial flow of hydrogen to provide a pressure gradient through said hydrogen permeable outer wall with the attendant flow of hydrogen through said permeable outer wall; (d) removing hydrogen from the vicinity of the outer wall of said tubular reactor in enhance the flow of hydrogen through said hydrogen permeable outer wall from the interior to the exterior of said reactor; and (e) recovering said vinyl aromatic product from a down stream section of said tubular reactor.","label":"Process","id":1959} +{"sentence":"Aqueous vinylchloride\/vinyl acetate\/ethylene copolymers and processThe invention relates to aqueous copolymer dispersions containing high proportions of vinyl chloride units in the copolymer, together with vinyl acetate units and ethylene units, which dispersions contain only polyvinyl alcohol as protective colloid; as well as to their manufacture and to their use.1. A stable aqueous vinyl chloride copolymer dispersion having a solids content of from 30% to 70% by weight, said dispersion containing a copolymer consisting of 50% to 85% by weight of vinyl chloride units 5% to 35% by weight of vinyl acetate units 5% to 30% by weight of ethylene units, and 0 to 5% by weight of mono-olefinically unsaturated N-methylolamide units, and, as sole protective colloid, from 2% to 15% by weight, based on the dispersion weight, of at least one polyvinyl alcohol having a saponification number of between 20 and 240 and a polymerization degree of between 300 and 2000.","label":"HouseConst","id":1960} +{"sentence":"Modified zinc ferrite catalyst and method of preparation and useA catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds is provided by forming a solution of catalyst precursor components comprised of Fe+3and Zn+2cations and at least one other modifier element cation in water to form an aqueous solution of the catalyst precursor components. The modifier element cation has a standard reduction potential of from greater than about −2.87 E° (V) to less than about −0.036 E° (V) with a valence of +2. A base is separately and simultaneously added to the aqueous solution in amounts to maintain the pH of the aqueous solution at a pH of from about 8.5 to about 9.5 as the catalyst precursor components. The catalyst precursor components are allowed to react and precipitate out of solution as a precipitate. The resulting precipitate is calcined to form a modified zinc ferrite catalyst compound.1. A method of forming a catalyst for oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds comprising: forming a reaction solution by simultaneously adding to an aqueous liquid separate streams of (1) and (2), wherein (1) is a base and (2) is catalyst precursor components comprised of Fe+3and Zn+2cations in solution and at least one other modifier element cation in solution that has a standard reduction potential of from greater than about −2.87 E° (V) to less than about −0.036 E° (V) with a valence of +2, and wherein (1) and (2) are simultaneously combined in amounts to maintain the pH of the reaction solution at a pH of from 8.5 to 9.5; allowing the catalyst precursor components to react and precipitate out of solution; and calcining the precipitate to form a modified zinc ferrite catalyst compound.","label":"Catalyst","id":1961} +{"sentence":"Diene polymers and copolymers having an alkoxysilane groupA functionalized polymer includes a diene-type polymer having an alkoxysilane, aryloxysilane or aralkyloxysilane group, wherein the functionalized polymer has a molecular structure represented by at least one of the following formula(1), formula(2), and formula(3): Further, an elastomeric composition is provided which includes a rubber material containing the functionalized polymer, and a filler such as white carbon. The functional polymer and the elastomeric composition exhibit excellent fracture properties, abrasion resistance, and low hysteresis (low rolling resistance and low fuel consumption).1. A functionalized polymer comprising a conjugated diene polymer or a conjugated diene\/vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon polymer having at least one of an alkoxysilane group, an aryloxysilane group or an aralkyloxysilane group wherein the functionalized polymer has a molecular structure selected from the group consisting of formula (1), formula (2), formula (3), and mixtures thereof: wherein P represents a conjugated diene polymer or a conjugated diene\/vinyl aromatic hydrocarbon polymer; R1and R2may be the same or different, and are each selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group and an aromatic hydrocarbon group, each having 20 or less carbon atoms, or R1and R2may be bonded together with the nitrogen atom to form a heterocyclic ring, wherein the heterocyclic ring may additionally contain an oxygen atom or a nitrogen atom; R3and R4may be the same or different, and are each selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and an aromatic hydrocarbon group, each having 20 or less carbon atoms; R5is selected from the group consisting of an aliphatic hydrocarbon group and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, each having 20 or less carbon atoms; R6is selected from the group consisting of an oxygen atom and a methylene group; R7represents an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms; x represents an integer of 1 to 3; x+y and x+y+z each represent an integer of 2 to 4; n represents 0 or 1; and when y is 2 or 3, each R3may be the same or different.","label":"Automobile","id":1962} +{"sentence":"Modified polyvinyl chloride compositionFinished articles made of flexible polyvinyl chloride (PVC) using plastisol technology are improved in terms of resistance to heat and solvents and reduction in plasticizer migration by incorporating into the traditional plastisol ingredients substantial amounts of blocked di- or polyisocyanates and di- or polyols and\/or di- or polyamines, which, upon heating react with each other to form a polymer network within the article while the PVC is gelling.1. An article made from a modified polyvinyl chloride plastisol composition which comprises a mixture of polyvinyl chloride particles having a mean particle size of about 10 to 40 microns, a plasticizer therefor, and an in situ formed reaction product of a first reactant selected from the group consisting of blocked diisocyanates, blocked polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, with a second reactant selected from the group consisting of diols, polyols, diamines, polyamines, and other di- and polyfunctional molecules which react with isocyanates wherein said reaction product forms a polymer network throughout the polyvinyl chloride plastisol.","label":"HouseConst","id":1963} +{"sentence":"Pultrusion with plastisolA pultrusion machine for forming a laminated composite with a predetermined profile and the product obtained. The apparatus comprises at least two spools for supplying elongated reinforcements. A collator receives the elongated reinforcements and arranges the reinforcements in layered relationship to form a layered elongated bundle. A supply member wets the layered elongated bundle with plastisol to form a wetted elongated bundle. The wetted elongated bundle is transported through a pultrusion die wherein the wetted layered bundle is molded into the predetermined profile. A converting apparatus cures, or converts, the wetted layered bundle into the layered composite. A particularly preferred embodiment is an extrusion comprising a reinforcing material wherein said reinforcing material comprises a fiber reinforced plastisol.1. A method of manufacturing a structural composite laminate comprising the steps of: forming a bundle of at least two elongated reinforcements; contacting said bundle with plastisol; and converting said plastisol in a die to form said structural composite laminate and fixing dimensions of said structural composite laminate in said die.","label":"HouseConst","id":1964} +{"sentence":"PARTICULATE WATER-ABSORBING AGENT HAVING WATER-ABSORBING RESIN AS MAIN COMPONENTA water-absorbing goods having excellent absorption performance in practical use is to be provided at low price. A particulate water-absorbing agent provided by one aspect of the present invention is a particulate water-absorbing agent comprising a polyacrylate salt-type water-absorbing resin as a main component, and satisfying the following (a) and (b): (a) absorption capacity without load in artificial urine (A) is equal to or higher than 60 g\/g; and (b) an increase rate of absorption capacity without load in artificial urine (B) relative to artificial urine (A) is equal to or larger than 20%. In addition, a particulate water-absorbing agent provided by another aspect of the present invention is a particulate water-absorbing agent comprising a polyacrylate salt-type water-absorbing resin as a main component, and satisfying the following (c) and (d): (c) absorption capacity without load in artificial urine (A) is equal to or higher than 60 g\/g; and (d) weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the main chain of the water-absorbing resin is equal to or higher than 1,000,000 and molecular weight distribution (Mw\/Mn) thereof is equal to or smaller than 3.3.1 . A particulate water-absorbing agent comprising a polyacrylate salt-type water-absorbing resin as a main component, and satisfying the following (a) and (b): (a) absorption capacity without load in artificial urine (A) is equal to or higher than 60 g\/g; and (b) an increase rate of absorption capacity without load in artificial urine (B) relative to artificial urine (A) is equal to or larger than 20%.","label":"Household","id":1965} +{"sentence":"Production of Water-Absorbent ResinsWhat is described is a process for producing water-absorbing resins, in which a) acrylic acid is prepared at an acrylic acid production site, b) the acrylic acid prepared is dissolved in water at the acrylic acid production site to obtain an aqueous acrylic acid solution, c) the aqueous acrylic acid solution is fed into a pipeline at the acrylic acid production site and passed through the pipeline to an acrylic acid processing site and d) the aqueous acrylic acid solution is subjected to a free-radical polymerization at the acrylic acid processing site. The process ensures safe transport of the highly reactive acrylic acid. Endangerment as a result of premature polymerization, as in the case of glacial acrylic acid, is ruled out, since the acrylic acid is \"diluted\" by the aqueous solvent and the specific heat capacity and the evaporation enthalpy of the water limit the maximum temperature rise. The amount of polymerization inhibitors used be reduced or it is possible to entirely dispense with polymerization inhibitors. Temperature control of vessels and pipelines within which the aqueous acrylic acid solution is conducted can be dispensed with because the solidification point of the aqueous acrylic acid solution is lower than that of anhydrous acrylic acid.1 . A process for producing water-absorbing resins, comprising a) preparing acrylic acid at an acrylic acid production site, b) dissolving the prepared acrylic acid in water at the acrylic acid production site to obtain an aqueous acrylic acid solution, c) feeding the aqueous acrylic acid solution into a pipeline at the acrylic acid production site and passing the aqueous acrylic acid solution through the pipeline to an acrylic acid processing site, and d) subjecting the aqueous acrylic acid solution a free-radical polymerization at the acrylic acid processing site.","label":"Household","id":1966} +{"sentence":"Modified BiMo catalyst and process for use thereofModified lead\/bismuth\/molybdate catalysts containing vanadium, copper, or gold have been prepared, and are selective to the corresponding furan compound from the gas phase oxidation of an unsaturated acyclic hydrocarbon such as butadiene.1. A process for the oxidation of an alkene or alkadiene, having 4-10 carbon atoms, to the corresponding furan compound in an oxygen-containing environment; comprising (a) contacting the alkene or alkadiene with a catalyst consisting essentially of bismuth, lead, molybdenum, oxygen, and at least one metal selected from the group consisting of copper, gold and vanadium, under suitable vapor-phase reaction conditions for the conversion of the alkene or alkadiene to the corresponding furan compound; and (b) recovering at least a portion of the furan compound.","label":"Catalyst","id":1967} +{"sentence":"Preparation of functionalized anionic polymerization initiatorsA process for preparing a functionalized polymerization initiator, the process comprising combining a functionalized styryl compound and an organolithium compound.1. A process for preparing a functionalized anionic polymerization initiator, the process comprising: combining a functionalized styryl compound and an organolithium compound, where the functionalized styryl compound is defined by the formula X where each R1is independently hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group, R2is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group, R3is hydrogen or a hydrocarbyl group, each R4is independently hydrogen or a monovalent organic group, R6is a covalent bond or a hydrocarbylene group, and A is a functional group.","label":"Automobile","id":1968} +{"sentence":"Method for the subcritical drying of aerogelsProcess for the preparation of aerogels by subcritical drying of inorganic and organic hydrogels and lyogels to give aerogels, dielectric drying methods being used.1. A method for preparing aerogels by subcritical drying of organic hydrogels and lyogels to give aerogels, which comprises using dielectric drying methods.","label":"IndustConst","id":1969} +{"sentence":"Method for Making Mesoporous or Combined Mesoporous and Microporous Inorganic OxidesA method for making a mesoporous or combined mesoporous\/microporous inorganic oxide includes reacting a source of inorganic oxide with a complexing agent at a complexation temperature to provide a complex; decomposing the complex to provide a porous material precursor having an inorganic oxide framework containing at least some organic pore-forming agent; and removing the organic pore forming agent from the inorganic oxide framework by solvent extraction and\/or calcination.29 . A method for making a mesoporous or combined mesoporous\/microporous inorganic oxide comprising the steps of: a) reacting a source of inorganic oxide with an organic complexing and pore-forming agent at a complexation temperature to provide at least one complex, wherein said source of inorganic oxide is an inorganic compound; b) decomposing the at least one complex to provide a porous material precursor having an inorganic oxide framework containing at least some organic complexing and pore-forming agent; c) recovering and recycling at least a major portion of the organic complexing and pore-forming agent from the inorganic oxide framework by solvent extraction; and d) calcining the inorganic oxide framework.","label":"IndustConst","id":1970} +{"sentence":"Method for preparing a catalyst composition and its use in a polymerization processThe present invention relates to a catalyst composition of an activator, a support, a catalyst compound and an ionizing activator and its use in a process for polymerizing olefin(s). The invention is also directed to a method for making the catalyst composition above.1 . A method for preparing a catalyst composition comprising the steps of contacting an activator, a support, a bulky ligand metallocene catalyst compound, and an ionizing activator in a diluent having a flash point of greater than 200° F.","label":"Catalyst","id":1971} +{"sentence":"Water absorbent resin material, and method for producing sameAn object of the present invention is to provide a water absorbent resin which attains high liquid permeability and water absorbing speed, and which does not have problems of coloring and odor. The water absorbent resin includes: (A) a water absorbent resin particle having a carboxyl group; (B) a covalent surface crosslinking agent in which the number of carbons is not more than 10; (C) 0.001 mass % to 0.2 mass % of a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer whose Log P is not less than 1.0; and (D) 0.001 mass % to 1 mass % of a water-soluble polyvalent cation. The water absorbent resin has not less than 20 g\/g of a fixed height absorption (FHA) at a height of 20 cm.1. A water absorbent resin material, comprising: (A) a water absorbent resin particle having a carboxyl group; (B) a covalent surface crosslinking agent in which the number of carbons is not more than 10; (C) 0.001 mass % to 0.2 mass % of a water-soluble or water-dispersible polymer (C) whose Log P defined by Expression 1 is not less than 1.0; and (D) 0.001 mass % to 1 mass % of a water-soluble polyvalent cation, the water absorbent resin material having not less than 20 g\/g of a fixed height absorption (FHA) at a height of 20 cm, where VM Log P(i) is a calculation value of an "n-octanol\/water partition coefficient", at 25° C., of a virtual monomer unit (Virtual Monomer (VM)) in which both ends of a polymer repeating unit (i) are methylated, and MR(i) is a "molar ratio (Mol Ratio (MR))" of the polymer repeating unit (i).","label":"Household","id":1972} +{"sentence":"Monomeric plasticizers for halogen-containing resinsA composition having utility as a plasticizer for halogen-containing resins is a mixture of (a) at least two diesters of terephthalic acid or (b) at least two triesters of trimellitic acid. The diesters of terephthalic acid are represented by the general formula wherein R1is a phenyl radical or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the formula CnHm,wherein n is an integer of 1 through 8 inclusive and m is equal to 2n+1; R2is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon having one, two, three or four carbon atoms; x is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive; y is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive; The trialkyl esters of trimellitic acid are represented by the general formula wherein R1is a phenyl radical or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the formula CnHmwherein n is an integer of 1 through 8 inclusive and m is equal to 2n+1; R2is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having one, two, three or four carbon atoms; a is 2, 3 or 4; b is 2, 3 or 4; and c is 2, 3 or 4. The composition provides a unique combination of properties which includes high plasticizing efficiency, low volatility, good low temperature properties and resistance to hexane extraction.1. A mixture of at least two diesters of terephthalic acid, said diesters being of the general formula wherein R1is a phenyl radical or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical of the formula CnHm,wherein n is an integer of 1 through 8 inclusive and m is equal to 2n+1; R2is either hydrogen or an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having one, two, three or four carbon atoms; x is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive; and y is an integer of 2 to 4 inclusive;","label":"HouseConst","id":1973} +{"sentence":"Compositions of the formula Mo.sub.12 P.sub.a V.sub.b X.sup.1 c X.sup.2 d X.sup.3 e Sb.sub.f Re.sub.g S.sub.h O.sub.nCompositions of the formula I [Equation] Mo12PaVbXc1Xd2Xe3SbfRegShOn (I), where X1is potassium, rubidium and\/or cesium, X2is copper and\/or silver, X3is cerium, boron, zirconium, manganese and\/or bismuth, a is from 0.5 to 3.0, b is from 0.01 to 3.0, c is from 0.2 to 3.0, d is from 0.01 to 2.0, e is from 0 to 2.0, f is from 0.01 to 2.0, g is from 0 to 1.0, h is from 0.001 to 0.5 and n is a number determined by the valency and content of the elements different from oxygen in I, are used as catalysts for preparing methacrylic acid by gas-phase oxidation of methacrolein.1. A process for preparing methacrylic acid comprising oxidizing methacrylein by a catalytic gas-phase oxidation in the presence of a catalyst of the formula I [Equation] Mo12PaVbXc1Xd2Ce3SbfRegShOn (I), where X1is potassium, rubidium and\/or cesium, X2is copper and\/or silver, X3is cerium, boron, zirconium, manganese and\/or bismuth, a is from 0.5 to 3.0, b is from 0.01 to 3.0, c is from 0.2 to 3.0, d is from 0.01 to 2.0, e is from 0 to 2.0, f is from 0.01 to 2.0, g is from 0 to 1.0, h is from 0.001 to 0.5 and n is a number determined by the valency and the content of the elements different from oxygen in I.","label":"Catalyst","id":1974} +{"sentence":"Method for manufacturing particulate water-absorbing agent and particulate water-absorbing agentThe present invention provides a method for manufacturing a particulate water-absorbing agent which has excellent liquid diffusibility and liquid permeability, and whose amount of residual monomers is reduced. The method for manufacturing the particulate water-absorbing agent of the present invention includes a step of surface-crosslinking, in the presence of an organic crosslinking agent, water-absorbing resin particles obtained through at least a step of polymerizing an aqueous solution of unsaturated monomers, and in or after the polymerizing step, a reaction system is mixed with peroxide. Thus, it is possible to obtain the particulate water-absorbing agent which has excellent liquid diffusibility and liquid permeability and whose amount of residual monomers is small, that is, it is possible to obtain the particulate water-absorbing agent which is highly functional and highly safe.1. A particulate water-absorbing agent obtained by surface-crosslinking, by an organic crosslinking agent which is able to react with a carboxyl group, water-absorbing resin particles, 70 mole % to 100 mole % of which are, as a repeat unit, monomers selected from acrylic acid and\/or its salt, the particulate water-absorbing agent satisfying (i) to (iii) below: (i) a surface residual monomer ratio calculated by Formula 1 below being more than 0% but not more than 5%; Surface Residual Monomer Ratio (%)=Amount of Surface Residual Monomers (ppm)\/Amount of Residual Monomers (ppm)×100  Formula 1 (ii) a saline flow conductivity (SFC) being 40 (×10−7·cm3·s·g−1) or more; and (iii) a water content being less than 5%.","label":"Household","id":1975} +{"sentence":"Process for production of modified conjugated diene rubber, modified conjugated diene rubber, and rubber compositionTo provide a producing method of conjugated diene rubber which can be used as a starting material of cross-linked rubber which is used for such as tire tread and can enhance low fuel consumption performance. The method of producing modified conjugated diene rubber, comprising: a process step (a) wherein a conjugated diene polymer with an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal active terminal, which polymer is obtained from polymerization of a conjugated diene compound or polymerization of a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound, is allowed to react with a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound having in its molecule at least one or more of each of the following functional groups (I): a hydrocarbyloxysilyl group and (II): a nitrogen-containing group formed by substituting one protective group for one hydrogen atom of a secondary amine, a tertiary amino group, an imino group, a pyridyl group to obtain a modified conjugated diene polymer with the functional group (II), and a process step (b) wherein the modified conjugated diene polymer produced in the process step (a) is mixed with an onium-forming agent.1. A method of producing a modified conjugated diene rubber, the method comprising: (a) reacting a conjugated diene polymer comprising an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal active terminal, which polymer is obtained from polymerization of a conjugated diene compound or polymerization of a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound, with a hydrocarbyloxysilane compound comprising at least one or more of each of the following functional groups (I) and (II) to obtain a modified conjugated diene polymer comprising the functional group (II); and (b) mixing the modified conjugated diene polymer produced in (a) with an onium-forming agent, wherein: no hydrocarbyloxysilane compound is added in the process step (b), and the process step (b) does not include a situation in which the modified conjugated diene polymer produced in the process step (a), the onium-forming agent, and the hydrocarbyloxysilane compound are mixed together; the functional group (I) is a hydrocarbyloxysilyl group; and the functional group (II) is a nitrogen-containing group formed by substituting one protective group for one hydrogen atom of a secondary amine, a tertiary amino group, an imino group, a pyridyl group, a phosphorus-containing group formed by substituting two protective groups for two hydrogen atoms of a primary phosphine, a phosphorus-containing group formed by substituting one protective group for one hydrogen atom of a secondary phosphine, a tertiary phosphino group or a sulfur-containing group formed by substituting one protective group for one hydrogen atom of a thiol.","label":"Automobile","id":1976} +{"sentence":"ADHESIVES COMPRISING CROSSLINKER WITH (METH)ACRYLATE GROUP AND OLEFIN GROUP AND METHODSThere is provided an article having a release liner and a pressure sensitive adhesive composition disposed along a major surface of the release liner, where the pressure sensitive adhesive composition has at least 50 wt-% of polymerized units derived from alkyl meth(acrylate) monomer(s); and 0.2 to 15 wt-% of at least one crosslinking monomers comprising a (meth)acrylate group and a C6-C20 olefin group, the olefin group being optionally substituted. In another embodiment, an adhesive composition is described comprising a syrup comprising i) a free-radically polymerizable solvent monomer; and ii) a solute (meth)acrylic polymer comprising polymerized units derived from one or more alkyl(meth)acrylate monomers; wherein the syrup comprises at least one crosslinking monomer or the (meth)acrylic solute polymer comprises polymerized units derived from at least one crosslinking monomer, the crosslinking monomer comprising a (meth)acrylate group and a C6-C20 olefin group, the olefin group being optionally substituted.1 . An article comprising a release liner and a pressure sensitive adhesive composition disposed on a major surface of the release liner, wherein the pressure sensitive adhesive comprises at least 50 wt-% of polymerized units derived from alkyl(meth)acrylate monomer(s); and 0.2 to 15 wt-% of at least one crosslinking monomer comprising a (meth)acrylate group and a C6-C20 olefin group, the olefin group being straight-chained or branched and optionally substituted.","label":"Household","id":1977} +{"sentence":"Molding material and method for producing the sameDepositing a thermoplastic resin powder in between the individual fibers of a reinforcing continuous fiber bundle and subsequently applying a solution of a binder resin dissolved in a solvent to the resulting reinforcing continuous fiber bundle, the thermoplastic resin powder is fixed in between the individual fibers via the binder resin which concurrently works to bind the individual fibers together. Then, the solvent of the binder resin is substantially removed from the resulting reinforcing continues fiber bundle within a temperature zone not above the melting point or flow point of the thermoplastic resin powder. In the molding material produced by the method, the individual fibers of the reinforcing continuous fiber bundle, the individual fibers and the thermoplastic resin powder, and the individual thermoplastic resin powders are independently fixed together, all in a pin-point fashion via the binder resin, so the molding material substantially does not contain the solvent of the binder resin. The molding material of the present invention is non-adhesive with draping properties, good handleability, excellent lay-up workability and outstanding moldability, in which the dissociation of the thermoplastic resin powder is prevented. Those molded from the molding material of the present invention have great composite properties and excellent appearance.1. A molding material comprising a reinforcing fiber bundle, a thermoplastic resin powder interspersed among individual fibers of said bundle and a binder resin, wherein said individual fibers of said fiber bundle are fixed together, wherein said individual fibers and the thermoplastic resin powder are fixed together, and wherein said individual thermoplastic resin powders are fixed together, all at pin-point binding sites by the binder resin, said molding material being non-adhesive and drapable and containing substantially no solvent, and said molding material being produced by a process comprising: depositing the thermoplastic resin powder in-between the individual fibers of said fiber bundle; then applying a solution of the binder resin to said bundle containing the deposited thermoplastic resin powder; and removing substantially all the solvent of the binder resin solution from the resulting binder resin-applied reinforcing fiber bundle within a temperature zone at a temperature not above the melting point or flow point of the thermoplastic resin powder.","label":"IndustConst","id":1978} +{"sentence":"Polysaccharide-inorganic composite particles as performance additives for superabsorbent polymersThe present invention relates to discrete particulate composite additives for superabsorbent polymers and includes a method of making same. The discrete particulate composite additives generally comprise a polysaccharide and an inert inorganic component. Advantageously, these discrete particulate composite additives functionally improve superabsorbent performance. They are suitable for a number of applications, including the use and manufacture of hygiene products.1. An additive comprising a discrete composite particle for discrete blending with a superabsorbent polymer, said discrete composite particle comprising 40%-90% of a starch component and an inert inorganic component, said starch component and said inert inorganic component remaining distinct on a micrometric level and wherein when said additive is blended with the superabsorbent polymer the blend has a lower rewet capacity at 0.7 psi than the superabsorbent particle not blended with said additive.","label":"Household","id":1979} +{"sentence":"Process for dehydrating glycerol to acroleinThe present invention relates to a process for manufacturing acrolein by dehydration of glycerol in the presence of molecular oxygen. The reaction is performed in the liquid phase or in the gas phase in the presence of a solid catalyst. The addition of oxygen makes it possible to obtain good glycerol conversion by inhibiting the deactivation of the catalyst and the formation of by-products.1. Process for manufacturing acrolein by dehydration of glycerol in the presence of an amount of molecular oxygen chosen so as to be outside the flammability range at any point in the process.","label":"Catalyst","id":1980} +{"sentence":"Rotor and counter knife for a rotary grinderThe present invention relates to a single shaft rotary grinder with an improved cutter and combination \"comb\" rotor and counter knife configuration for reducing film, fibrous material and other material which has a tendency to wrap around the rotor, rubber, solid plastics and wood. Reducing this type of material, such as plastic film, into small pieces has been problematic. This invention provides one or more comb shaped counter knives and a rotor having a plurality of geometrically shaped cutters mounted in a plurality of partial or full rows longitudinally along the rotor. The comb shaped counter knives and the rows of cutters work in cooperation to reduce film and other material into small pieces.1. A rotor and counter knife for a rotary grinder combination, comprising: a rotor having a longitudinal axis and a plurality of sets of tool holders machined from and extending radially from a circumferential surface of said rotor, said plurality of sets of tool holders formed integrally with said rotor, each of said plurality of sets of tool holders having at least two axially aligned tool holders extending parallel to said longitudinal axis along said circumferential surface of said rotor, wherein a first set of said plurality of sets of tool holders has a first angular length and wherein an adjacent second set of said plurality of sets of tool holders has the same said first angular length and further wherein said second set is offset from said first set by a second angular length which is less than or equal to said first angular length, each of said tool holders having a cutter thereon, each of said cutters having a cutting edge extending from said rotor, said counter knife having a continuous knife cutting edge which becomes substantially adjacent at least one cutting edge of a cutter within a rotation of said rotor, wherein at least said cutters of one of said sets of plurality of said tool holders are overlapping an adjacent one of said sets of said plurality of said tool holders along a direction parallel to said longitudinal axis.","label":"Household","id":1981} +{"sentence":"PROCESS CONDITIONS FOR PRODUCING ACRYLIC ACIDIn one embodiment, the invention is to process for producing acrylics. The process includes the steps of contacting a crude product stream with an extraction agent mixture. The weight ratio of the extraction agent mixture to the crude product stream is greater than 0.25:1.1 . A process for producing an acrylate product, the process comprising the steps of: (a) providing a crude product stream comprising acrylate product, alkylenating agent and water; and (b) contacting a portion of the crude product stream with at least one extraction agent to form an extract stream comprising acrylate and extraction agent and a raffinate stream comprising alkylenating agent and water, wherein a weight ratio of the at least one extraction agent to the crude product stream is greater than 0.25:1.","label":"Process","id":1982} +{"sentence":"Polymer composition for pipesA multimodal polymer composition for pipes is disclosed as well as a pipes made thereof. The polymer is a multimodal polyethylene with a density of 0.930-0.965 g\/cm3,and a viscosity at a shear stress of 747 Pa(η747Pa) of at least 650 Pa.s, said multimodal polyethylene comprising a low molecular weight (LMW) ethylene homopolymer fraction and a high molecular weight (HMW) ethylene copolymer fraction, said HMW fraction having a weight ratio of the LMW fraction to the HMW fraction of (35-55):(65-45). Preferably, the multimodal polyethylene has a viscosity at a shear stress of 2.7 kPa(η2.7 kPa) of 260-450 kPa.s; and a shear thinning index (SHI) defined as the ratio of the viscosities at shear stresses of 2.7 and 210 kPa, respectively, of SHI27\/210=50-150, and a storage modulus (G') at a loss modulus (G\") of 5 kPa, of G'5kPa≥3000 Pa. The pipe is made of the multimodal polymer composition and withstands a stress of 8.0 MPa gauge during 50 years at 20° C. (MRS8.0). Preferably, the pipe has a rapid crack propagation (RCP) S4-value, determined according to ISO 13477:1997(E), of -5° C. or lower and a slow crack propagation resistance, determined according to ISO 13479:1997, of at least 500 hrs at 4.6 MPa\/80° C. The polymer composition affords good non-sagging properties to pipe made thereof.1. A multimodal polymer composition for pipes, wherein said multimodal polymer composition is a multimodal polyethylene with a density of 0.930-0.965 g\/cm3,and a viscosity at a shear stress of 747 Pa (η1747Pa) of at least 650 kPa.s, said multimodal polyethylene comprising a low weight average molecular weight (LMW) ethylene homopolymer fraction and a high weight average molecular weight (HMW) ethylene copolymer fraction, said HMW fraction having a weight ratio of the LMW fraction to the HMW fraction of (35-55):(65-45).","label":"HouseConst","id":1983} +{"sentence":"Homopolymers and copolymers of ethyleneEthylene homopolymers and copolymers having a broad molecular distribution, excellent toughness and improved processability. These polymers may be prepared by use of a single metallocene catalyst system in a single reactor in the gas phase. These polymers of density typically 0.85-0.95 are defined in particular by their melt strength (MS) and long chain branching (LCB) characteristics and are particularly suitable for use in low density film applications.1. A copolymer comprising ethylene and one or more alpha olefins containing from three to twenty carbon atoms, said copolymer having: a) a long chain branching g′ value in the range of 0.65 to 0.8 and b) a value of the derivative function δ(MS)\/δ(P) of greater than 0.6 wherein MS is the melt strength of the copolymer in cN and P is the extrusion pressure of the copolymer in MPa.","label":"Construct","id":1984} +{"sentence":"AEROGEL BLANKET AND METHOD OF PRODUCTIONA method of making a nonwoven wet laid aerogel blanket is provided. The aerogel blanket can exhibit improved thermal conductivity, lower corrosivity, lower dust production and a uniform structure. The blanket can be made from an aerogel floc that is formed from a slurry of aerogel particles.1 . A nonwoven insulation blanket comprising: aerogel particles; fibers; and a binder, wherein the density of aerogel particles in the upper 10% of a cross section of the blanket is within +\/−20% of the density of aerogel particles in the lowest 10% of the cross section.","label":"IndustConst","id":1985} +{"sentence":"Impact resistant rigid vinyl chloride polymer composition and method of making the sameThe instant invention is an impact resistant rigid vinyl chloride polymer composition, and method of making the same. The impact resistant rigid vinyl chloride polymer composition, according to instant invention, includes a vinyl chloride polymer, an impact modifier, and a lubricant system. The impact modifier includes a chlorinated olefin polymer, and an ethylene\/alpha-olefin copolymer. The lubricant system includes a first component, a second component, and a third component. The first component is a carboxylic acid selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, blends thereof, and combinations thereof. The second component is a hydrocarbon wax selected from the group consisting of a paraffin wax, polyolefin wax, blends thereof, and combinations thereof. The third component is a metal soap selected from the group consisting of calcium stearate, aluminum stearate, copper stearate, lithium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, zinc stearate, blends thereof, and combinations thereof. The process for preparing the impact resistant rigid vinyl chloride polymer composition of the instant invention includes the following steps: (1) providing a vinyl chloride polymer; (2) providing an impact modifier as described above; (3) providing a lubricant system as described above; (4) blending the vinyl chloride polymer, the impact modifier, and the lubricant system thereby forming the impact resistant rigid vinyl chloride polymer composition.1. An impact resistant rigid vinyl chloride polymer composition consisting essentially of: a vinyl chloride polymer; 2 to 5 parts by weight of an impact modifier system, based on 100 parts of said vinyl chloride polymer, wherein said impact modifier system comprises: a chlorinated olefin polymer; and an ethylene\/alpha-olefin copolymer; and a lubricant system comprising: 0.5 to 1.5 parts by weight of a carboxylic acid, based on 100 parts of said vinyl chloride polymer, wherein said carboxylic acid is selected from the group consisting of stearic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, blends thereof, and combinations thereof; 0.3 to 2.0 parts by weight of a hydrocarbon wax, based on 100 parts of said vinyl chloride polymer, wherein said hydrocarbon wax is selected from the group consisting of a paraffin wax, polyolefin wax, blends thereof, and combinations thereof; and 0.3 to 1.5 parts by weight of a metal soap, based on 100 parts of said vinyl chloride polymer, wherein said metal soap is selected from the group consisting of calcium stearate, aluminum stearate, copper stearate, lithium stearate, magnesium stearate, sodium stearate, zinc stearate, blends thereof, and combinations thereof.","label":"HouseConst","id":1986} +{"sentence":"Local localization using fast image matchA technique is disclosed for determining a portion of a document corresponding to a captured image. A user employs a pen to create a stroke in a document, and images are captured by a camera mounted on the pen. The locations of some of the images are determined by, e.g., analyzing a pattern on the document captured by the image or by a pixel-by-pixel comparison of the image with the document. The locations of other images are determined by segmenting the sequence of images into groups corresponding to the shape of the stroke. Information relating to a located image in a segment is employed to determine the position of an unlocated image in the segment. This determined position is used for obtaining further information that may be used to determine the position of another unlocated image in the segment, and so on, until the segment is finished.1. A method for determining positions of a plurality of images in a document on a physical medium, a pattern being displayed on the physical medium, the plurality images being sampled by a camera mounted to a pen or stylus while the pen or stylus is moved across the document such that the plurality of images track the movement of the pen or stylus while creating a stroke in the document, the method comprising: locating at least two images in the plurality of images by detecting a portion of the pattern that is captured in each of the at least two images, and analyzing the detected portions of the pattern in order to determine the positions in the document of the at least two images; segmenting the stroke into segments based on the located images; grouping the plurality of images, each group corresponding to one of the segments of the stroke such that each group comprises: two of the located images corresponding to start and end positions, respectively, of the corresponding segment, and at least one image in the plurality of images corresponding to at least one intermediate position of the corresponding segment; for each group, determining if the corresponding segment of the stroke is unfinished by determining whether the at least one intermediate position corresponds to at least one image whose position in the document has not previously been determined; and for each unfinished segment, using the determined position corresponding to at least one of the start and end positions to determine the position in the document of the at least one image whose position in the document has not previously been determined, wherein the document includes text obscuring a portion of the pattern before the pen or stylus is moved across the document, the obscured portion of the pattern being captured within the at least one image whose position in the document has not previously been determined of an unfinished segment.","label":"HouseConst","id":1987} +{"sentence":"Nanoparticle having imidazolium salt chemically bound thereto, method of preparing the same, and nanogel electrolyte for dye-sensitive solar cell comprising the sameA nanoparticle to which an imidazolium salt is chemically bonded, a method of preparing the same, and a nanogel electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells comprising the same are disclosed. The present invention may provide a dye-sensitive solar cell with good economic feasibility, stability and photoelectric conversion efficiency using the nanogel electrolyte, wherein the nanogel electrolyte may reduce the concentration of ionic liquids and preparation costs while improving economic feasibility, long term stability, and photoelectric conversion efficiency.1. A nanogel electrolyte for dye-sensitive solar cells comprising: a nanoparticle to which an imidazolium salt represented by Formula 1 is chemically bound; and an ionic liquid electrolyte: wherein P is a nanoparticle.","label":"Household","id":1988} +{"sentence":"Adhesion promoterCompositions useful for improving the adhesion of coating compositions, such as dielectric film-forming compositions, include a hydrolyzed poly(alkoxysilane). These compositions are useful in methods of improving the adhesion of coating compositions to a substrate.1. A process for manufacturing a device, comprising: providing a device substrate having a surface to be coated; treating the surface to be coated with an adhesion promoting composition comprising an poly(alkoxysilane) having from 2 to 6 alkoxysilane moieties and a solvent, wherein the poly(alkoxysilane) is hydrolyzed with ≦1 mole % of water, and wherein the composition comprises ≦1 mole % of alcohol of hydrolysis; and disposing a coating composition comprising an oligomer chosen from polyarylene oligomers, poly(cyclic-olefin) oligomers, arylcyclobutene oligomers, vinyl aromatic oligomers, and mixtures thereof on the treated surface.","label":"Automobile","id":1989} +{"sentence":"Ethylenic copolymer and film comprising the same[none] The ethylene base copolymer of the present invention having a density d falling in a range of 940 to 970 kg\/m3, a polydispersion index PDI falling in a range of 25 to 50 and a long chain branch index LCBI falling in a range of 0.6 to 2.0 has a high impact strength and few fish eyes and is excellent in a high extruding characteristic, a high-speed moldability, a bubble stability and a tear strength in molding, and it can be produced via at least two steps of reaction by a slurry polymerization method using a Ziegler catalyst.1 . An ethylene base copolymer having a density d falling in a range of 940 to 970 kg\/m3, a polydispersion index PDI falling in a range of 25 to 50 and a creep distortion γ0 of 100% or less.","label":"HouseConst","id":1990} +{"sentence":"Absorbent structureOne aspect of the present invention relates to an absorbent structure and garment comprising a superabsorbent material having a free-swell rate of less than about 60 seconds and a five-minute AUL of at least 15 g\/g. The superabsorbent material is contained by containment means, such as a fibrous matrix, such that the superabsorbent material is present in said absorbent structure in an amount of from about 60 to about 100 weight percent based on the total weight of the containment means and superabsorbent material. A second aspect relates to an absorbent garment including containment means containing a high concentration of a superabsorbent material and defining a dry volume less than about 180 cubic centimeters. The absorbent garment has a saturated retention capacity of at least about two times the dry volume, and wherein the containment means and superabsorbent material account for at least about 60 volume percent of said saturated retention capacity.1. An absorbent structure, said absorbent structure comprising: means for containing a superabsorbent material; and superabsorbent material contained by said containment means, said superabsorbent material having a free-swell rate of less than about 60 seconds and a five-minute AUL of at least about 15 g\/g, said superabsorbent being present in said containment means in an amount of from about 60 to about 100 weight percent, based on a total weight of said containment means and said superabsorbent material.","label":"Household","id":1991} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymer with high permeabilityThe invention relates to absorptive, crosslinked polymers which are based on partly neutralized, monoethylenically unsaturated monomers carrying acid groups wherein the absorptive crosslinked polymer may be coated with a thermoplastic polymer, and have improved properties, in particular in respect of their capacity for transportation of liquids in the swollen state, and which has a high gel bed permeability and high centrifuge retention capacity.1. A particulate superabsorbent polymer comprising: a) from about 55 to about 99.9 wt. % of polymerizable unsaturated acid group containing monomers comprising acrylic acid neutralized with an alkali hydroxide to from 50 to 80 mol %; b) from about 0.001 to about 5.0% by weight of internal crosslinking agent based on the weight of a); wherein elements a) and b) are polymerized, dried to have a final product moisture content of less than 5 wt %, and comminuted into a particulate gel having a particle size of from 150 microns to about 850 microns; wherein the particulate superabsorbent polymer further comprise a crosslinked surface comprising: c) from about 0.01 to about 3.0% by weight of surface crosslinking agent applied to the particle surface based on dry polymer powder weight; and d) from about 0.01 to 0.5% by weight of a thermoplastic polymer based on dry polymer powder weight, wherein said thermoplastic polymer has a thermoplastic melt temperature wherein the thermoplastic polymer is applied on the particle surface coincident with, or followed by a temperature at least about the thermoplastic melt temperature, and wherein the thermoplastic polymer is either added to the particulate superabsorbent polymer with the surface crosslinking agent c) or applied to the particulate superabsorbent polymer before the surface crosslinking agent c) is added to the particulate superabsorbent polymer, wherein the thermoplastic polymer is part of the surface crosslinked portion of the particulate superabsorbent polymer wherein said particulate superabsorbent polymer has a gel bed permeability II of from about 300×10−9to about 1000×10−9cm2.","label":"Household","id":1992} +{"sentence":"Nano-ceramics and method thereofDisclosed herein is a method to produce ceramic materials utilizing the sol-gel process. The methods enable the preparation of intimate homogeneous dispersions of materials while offering the ability to control the size of one component within another. The method also enables the preparation of materials that will densify at reduced temperature.1. A method comprising: dissolving one or more metal salts in a solvent or solvent matrix to form a metal salt solution; adding one or more uniformly dispersed powdered materials to said metal salt solution to form a composite dispersion, wherein said powdered materials are selected from the group consisting of TiC and B4C; adding a proton scavenger to the composite dispersion to form a gel, wherein the proton scavenger is an epoxide compound; and drying the gel to form a composite material.","label":"Catalyst","id":1993} +{"sentence":"Hindered phenolic esters of oligomeric glycols as chain terminators for polyvinyl chloride polymerizationAn improved process for terminating the suspension polymerization reaction of vinyl chloride monomer into polyvinyl chloride which comprises adding hindered phenols of the structure presented hereinafter to the polymerization reaction at a point in time when a predetermined amount of monomer conversion has occurred.1. In the process for the suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer which comprises adding the monomer to an aqueous reaction system containing effective amounts of a suspending agent and a polymerization initiator, terminating the polymerization reaction and isolating the polyvinyl chloride, the improvement which comprises terminating the polymerization reaction by the addition to the reaction system at a point within the range of 70 to 95% monomer conversion of 25-5000 ppm by weight of the vinyl chloride monomer, of a compound corresponding to the formula wherein R is X is oxygen, b is an integer from 2 to 6, x is an integer from 0 to 6, d is an integer from 3 to 40, Y is oxygen, R1is alkyl from 1 to 8 carbon atoms, R7is hydrogen, lower alkyl or R5and R6independently are alkyl from 1 to 8 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":1994} +{"sentence":"Process for obtaining polyolefins with broad bimodal or multimodal molecular weight distributionsThe process is characterized by the use of catalyst systems consisting of a single metallocene catalyst activated with mixtures of at least 2 co-catalysts. The co-catalysts are aluminium alkyls, aluminoxanes or boron compounds. Different active centers are produced in the catalyst through the use of these mixed co-catalyst systems, each having different rates of initiation and completion of the polymerization reaction, which give rise to polyolefins with different molecular weights, resulting in products with broad bimodal or multimodal molecular weight distributions and the incorporation of co-monomer can be controlled by appropriate selection of the metallocene and use of combinations of different types of co-catalysts, as well as by varying the reactor pressure, the reaction temperature and the molar ratios between the various components of the catalyst system. A broad bimodal or multimodal molecular weight distribution can be achieved in both the presence and absence of hydrogen during the polymerization reaction. Likewise broad bimodal and multimodal molecular weight distributions can be obtained in polymers by varying the order in which the components of the catalyst system are added. This process may also be used with both homogeneous and heterogenous metallocene catalysts.1. A process for obtaining homopolymers or copolymers of ethylene with wide bimodal or multimodal molecular weight distributions, wherein ethylene, alone or with an alpha olefin, is polymerized in the presence of a catalyst system which consists of: (a) a single supported or unsupported metallocene catalyst being a mono, or dicyclopentdienyl of transition metals in any of groups 4b, 5b, 6b of the Periodic Table of elements represented by the formulae: (C 5 R′ m ) p R″ s (C 5 R′ m )MeQ 3-p or R″ s (C 5 R′ m ) 2 MeQ′ where (C 5 R′ m ) is cyclopentadienyl or substituted cyclopentadienyl, each R′ may be the same or different and may be hydrogen, monohydrocarbon radicals selected from the group consisting alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or two adjacent carbon atoms joined to form a C 4 -C 6 ring, where R″ is an alkylene radical containing from 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a dialkyl germanium, a dialkyl silicon radical or an alkylphosphine or amino radical joining two (C 5 R′ m ) rings, Q is a hydrocarbon radical selected from the group consisting of aryl, alkyl, alkenyl, alkylaryl, and arylalkyl containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, optionally halogen, and each of said hydrocarbon radicals may be the same or different, Q′ is an alkylidine radical containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, Me is a transition metal in groups 4b, 5b or 6b of the Periodic Table of elements, s is 0 or 1, p is 0, 1 or 2; when p is 0, s is 0; m is 4 if s is 1 and m is 5 if s is 0; (b) a co-catalyst formed by a combination of an aluminum compound having Al—O bonds corresponding to the formulae: (RAlO) n or R(R—Al—O) n AlR 2 where R is an alkyl or aryl group containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and n is a number from 1 to 20, and at least one Boron compound corresponding to the general formulae: BX 1 X 2 X 3 or (Y) (BX 1 X 2 X 3 X 4 ) where B is boron, and X 1 , X 2 , X 3 , X 4 are the same or different and may be hydride, halide, alkyl containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, substituted alkyls containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms in which one or more hydrogens are substituted by halogens, metal hydrocarbon radicals(organometalloids) in which each substitution contains from 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the metal is selected from the group consisting of group 4a of the Periodic Table of elements, aryl, and substituted aryls containing from 6 to 20 carbon atoms and Y is a Bronsted acid, optionally in the presence of at least one alkyl aluminum of formula AlR″′ 3 where the R″′ groups, which may be the same or different, may be alkyls or aryls containing from 1 to 20 carbon atoms or halogens, and Al is aluminum.","label":"HouseConst","id":1995} +{"sentence":"Modified conjugated diene-based polymer, method for producing the same, modified conjugated diene-based polymer composition, and tireThere is provided a modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a silyl group substituted with one or more alkoxy groups, and one or more nitrogen atoms on the chain ends of a conjugated diene-based polymer, the modified conjugated diene-based polymer being obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene compound, or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound, by using a polyfunctional anionic polymerization initiator prepared from a polyvinyl aromatic compound and an organolithium compound in a range of a molar ratio (the polyvinyl aromatic compound\/the organolithium compound) of from 0.05 to 1.0, so as to obtain the conjugated diene-based polymer, and by reacting a living polymer end of the conjugated diene polymer with the compound having a silyl group substituted with two or more alkoxy groups, and one or more nitrogen atoms.1. A modified conjugated diene-based polymer having a silyl group substituted with one or more alkoxy groups, and one or more nitrogen atoms on the chain ends of the conjugated diene-based polymer, the modified conjugated diene-based polymer being obtained by polymerizing a conjugated diene compound, or copolymerizing a conjugated diene compound with an aromatic vinyl compound, by using a polyfunctional anionic polymerization initiator prepared from a polyvinyl aromatic compound and an organolithium compound in a range of a molar ratio (the polyvinyl aromatic compound\/the organolithium compound) of from 0.05 to 1.0, so as to obtain the conjugated diene-based polymer, and by reacting a living polymer end of the conjugated diene-based polymer with a compound having a silyl group substituted with two or more alkoxy groups, and one or more nitrogen atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":1996} +{"sentence":"Phosphorescent polyvinyl chloride filmsThere is disclosed a phosphorescent polyvinyl chloride (\"PVC\") film which exhibits an intense and long-lived afterglow. The phosphorescent PVC film contains a polymerized PVC-based resin, a primary and secondary plasticizer, a primary and secondary stabilizer, and a phosphorescent pigment. Within the practice of this invention, the primary stabilizer is solely a zinc-based stabilizer (non-zinc metal stabilizers are not employed); the secondary stabilizer is a tertiary organic phosphite; the primary plasticizer is a epoxidized soybean oil; the secondary plasticizer is selected from phthalates, adipates, trimellitates, azelates and phosphates; and the phosphorescent pigment is preferably a zinc sulfide phosphor. In addition to the phosphorescent PVC film, compositions and related methods are also disclosed.1. A phosphorescent PVC film, consisting essentially of a polymerized PVC-based resin; a primary epoxidized soybean oil plasticizer in an amount ranging from 4 to 15 parts per hundred resin; a secondary plasticizer in an amount ranging from 30 to 90 parts per hundred resin, wherein the secondary plasticizer is selected from the group consisting of phthalates, adipates, trimellitates, azelates, and phosphates; a primary zinc-based stabilizer which contains zinc as the sole metal stabilizer in an amount ranging from 0.8 to 5 parts per hundred resin; a tertiary organic phosphite as a secondary stabilizer in an amount ranging from 1 to 15 parts per hundred resin; and a phosphorescent pigment in an amount ranging from 50 to 350 parts per hundred resin, wherein the phosphorescent pigment is a zinc sulfide phosphor.","label":"HouseConst","id":1997} +{"sentence":"Reactor particularly suitable for cleaning fibrous suspensions dispersed in liquidsA reactor ( 1; 30 ) for cleaning fibrous suspensions dispersed in liquids, comprising: a substantially cylindrical container ( 2 ), one or more rotating blades ( 3 ) arranged inside the container ( 2 ), a plurality of feed units ( 5; 6, 7, 8, 9 ) for feeding the suspension to be cleaned into the container ( 2 ) together with a gaseous substance dispersed therein in the form of bubbles, means ( 14; 16 ) for intercepting the suspension arranged inside the container ( 2 ), means ( 10 ) for skimming\/discharging the foam and the cleaned suspension. Each feed unit ( 6, 7, 8, 9 ) comprises at least one feed pipe ( 6 a, 7 a, 8 a, 9 a) which extends into the container ( 2 ) and is provided with a plurality of ejectors ( 6 d, 7 d, 8 d, 9 d), each of which have a spray direction (Z) facing the inner surface ( 2 a) of the container ( 2 ) for the distribution of the suspension to be cleaned starting from the inside of the cross section (S) of the container ( 2 ).1 . A reactor for cleaning fibrous suspensions dispersed in liquids, comprising: a substantially cylindrical container defining a substantially vertical longitudinal axis for containing said suspension to be cleaned; one or more blades arranged inside said container and connected to a drive shaft defining a substantially vertical rotation axis; drive elements associated with said drive shaft and designed to rotate it around said rotation axis; a plurality of feed units to feed said suspension to be cleaned into said container together with a gaseous substance dispersed in it in the form of bubbles, said feed units being arranged in succession one above the other at different heights inside said containers); interception means for said suspension arranged inside said container and communicating with one or more of said feed units; devices for skimming the foam formed by the impurities picked up by said bubbles; wherein each of said feed units comprises at least one feed pipe which extends towards the inside of said container and is provided with a plurality of ejectors, each of said ejectors having a spray direction facing towards the inner surface of said container to distribute said suspension to be cleaned starting from the inside of the cross section of said container.","label":"HouseConst","id":1998} +{"sentence":"Integrated methods of preparing renewable chemicalsIsobutene, isoprene, and butadiene are obtained from mixtures of C4 and\/or C5 olefins by dehydrogenation. The C4 and\/or C5 olefins can be obtained by dehydration of C4 and C5 alcohols, for example, renewable C4 and C5 alcohols prepared from biomass by thermochemical or fermentation processes. Isoprene or butadiene can be polymerized to form polymers such as polyisoprene, polybutadiene, synthetic rubbers such as butyl rubber, etc. in addition, butadiene can be converted to monomers such as methyl methacrylate, adipic acid, adiponitrile, 1,4-butadiene, etc. which can then be polymerized to form nylons, polyesters, polymethylmethacrylate etc.1. An integrated process for preparing renewable hydrocarbons, comprising: (a) providing renewable isobutanol and renewable ethanol; (b) dehydrating the renewable isobutanol, thereby forming a renewable butene mixture comprising one or more renewable linear butenes and renewable isobutene; (c) dehydrating the renewable ethanol, thereby forming renewable ethylene; (d) reacting at least a portion of the renewable butene mixture and at least a portion of the renewable ethylene to form one or more renewable C3-C16 olefins; (e) forming renewable hydrogen by one or more of: (e1) isolating and dehydrogenating at least a portion of the linear butenes formed in step (b) and\/or one or more renewable C4-C16 olefins formed in step (d) thereby forming one or more renewable C4-C16 dienes and renewable hydrogen; (e2) isolating and dehydrocyclizing at least a portion of one or more renewable C6-C16 olefins formed in step (d), thereby forming one or more renewable C6-C16 aromatics and renewable hydrogen; (e3) isolating and dehydrocyclizing at least a portion of one or more renewable C6-C16 dienes formed in step (e1) to form one or more renewable C6-C16 aromatics and renewable hydrogen; and (f) hydrogenating at least a portion of the renewable C3-C16 olefins with the renewable hydrogen formed in step (e), thereby forming a renewable saturated hydrocarbon fuel or fuel additive, wherein the amount of said dehydrogenating and\/or dehydrocyclizing in step (e), and\/or the amount of hydrogenating in step (f) are controlled so that the amount of renewable hydrogen formed in step (e) is essentially completely consumed in step (f).","label":"Catalyst","id":1999} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbing compositesThis invention relates to a process for producing water-absorbing composites comprising the steps of foaming an aqueous mixture comprising at least one monoethylenically unsaturated monomer bearing acid groups, at least one crosslinker, at least one initiator and at least one surfactant, contacting the foam obtained with at least one web of synthetic fibers and polymerizing, to the composites themselves and to their use for absorbing aqueous fluids.1. A water-absorbing composite comprising at least one water-absorbing foam layer and at least one web layer, the web composed of synthetic fiber and having a basis weight of not more than 200 g\/m2and a thickness of not more than 5 mm, wherein the synthetic fiber is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutylene, terephthalate, polyamide, polyethylene terephthalate, polyester, polysulfone, polyether ketone, carbon, and glass fibers.","label":"Household","id":2000} +{"sentence":"Use of water-absorbent, predominantly open-celled crosslinked acid-functional addition polymer foams in hygiene articlesUse in hygiene articles of articles formed of water-absorbent, predominantly open-celled crosslinked acid-functional addition polymer foams. The use of articles formed of water-absorbent open-celled crosslinked acid-functional addition polymer foams and containing finely divided silicon dioxide and\/or at least one surfactant on their surface as an acquisition and\/or distribution layer in hygiene articles.1 . An article formed from a water-absorbent open-celled crosslinked acid-functional addition polymer foam and containing finely divided silicon dioxide, at least one surfactant, or both on a surface of the article for acquisition.","label":"Household","id":2001} +{"sentence":"Olefin trimerization using a catalyst comprising a source of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten and a ligand containing at least one phosphorous, arsenic or antimony atom bound to at least one (hetero) hydrocarbyl groupA process for the trimerization of olefins is disclosed, comprising contacting a monomeric olefin or mixture of olefins under trimerization conditions with a catalyst which comprises (a) a source of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten (b) a ligand containing at least one phosphorus, arsenic or antimony atom bound to at least one hydrocarbyl or heterohydrocarbyl group having a polar substituent, but excluding the case where all such polar substituents are phosphane, arsane or stibana groups; and optionally (c) an activator.1. A process for the trimerization of olefins, comprising contacting a monomeric olefin or mixture of olefins under trimerization reaction conditions in a trimerization reactor with a catalyst to produce a trimerization reaction product, which catalyst comprises: (a) a source of a Group 3 to 10 transition metal: (b) a ligand selected from the group consisting of: (2-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)PN(Me)P(phenyl)2, (2-methoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(phenyl)2, (2-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl)PN(Me)P(2-methoxyphenyl)(phenyl), (2-methoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2-methoxyphenyl)2, (2-ethoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2-ethoxyphenyl)2, (2-isopropoxphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2-isopropoxyphenyl)2, (2-hydroxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2-hydroxyphenyl)2, (2-nitrophenyl)2PN(Me)P(2-nitrophenyl)2, (2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)2, (2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2,4-dimethoxyphenyl)2, (2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2,6-dimethoxyphenyl)2, (2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2,4,6-trimethoxyphenyl)2, (2-dimethoxyphenyl)(2-methylphenyl)PN(Me)P(2-methylphenyl)2, [2-(dimethylamino)phenyl]2PN(Me)P[2-(dimethylamino)phenyl]2, (2-methoxymethoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)P(2-methoxymethoxyphenyl)2, (2-methoxyphenyl)2PN(Ethyl)P(2-methoxyphenyl)2, (2-methoxyphenyl)2PN(Phenyl)P(2-methoxyphenyl)2, (2-methoxyphenyl)2PN(Me)N(Me)P(2-methoxyphenyl)2, (2-methoxyphenyl)2PCH2P(2-methoxyphenyl)2(2-methoxyphenyl)2PCH2CH2P(2-methoxyphenyl)2, tri(2-methoxymethoxyphenyl)phosphane; and optionally (c) an activator.","label":"Catalyst","id":2002} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with halosilanes containing an amino groupA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of preparing a reactive polymer, and reacting the reactive polymer with a halosilane compound containing an amino group.1. A functionalized polymer defined by the formula: where R12includes a monovalent organic group or a hydrocarbyloxy group, R13includes a monovalent organic group, a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, or a hydrocarbyloxy group, where R14includes a covalent bond or a divalent organic group, and R15includes a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic group, and where π is a cis-1,4-polydiene having a cis-1,4-linkage content that is greater than 60%.","label":"Automobile","id":2003} +{"sentence":"Polymerization process of vinyl chloride in the presence of oxygenA process is provided for the polymerization of vinyl chloride in a closed mode. According to the process, oxygen is caused to exist in a polymerizer, which is coated with an anti-fouling agent, during an operation in which the polymerization is repeated. The process according to this invention has made it possible to fully exhibit effects of the anti-fouling. This has in turn made it possible to achieve polymerization of vinyl chloride in the closed mode, leading to an improvement in productivity.1. A process for the polymerization of vinyl chloride comprising providing a polymerizer which is coated with an anti-fouling agent, causing oxygen to exist in the polymerizer and polymerizing the vinyl chloride in a closed mode wherein polymerization is repeated without opening the polymerizer, the amount of oxygen being in the polymerizer being controlled whereby polymerization is initiated when oxygen is present in the polymerizer at 10-1000 ppm based on vinyl chloride charged to the polymerizer and whereby the effect of the anti-fouling agent is retained.","label":"HouseConst","id":2004} +{"sentence":"PROCESS IN CONTINUOUS FOR THE PREPARATION OF RANDOM CONJUGATED DIENE\/VINYL ARENE COPOLYMERSProcess in continuous carried out in the presence of at least two reactors in series, for the preparation of statistical vinyl arene\/conjugated diene copolymers, the vinyl arene content ranging from 15 to 50% by weight, by means of the copolymerization under isothermal conditions in a hydrocarbon solvent, at a temperature ranging from 30 to 120° C., of vinyl arene\/conjugated diene monomers, in the presence of at least one initiator and a 2-methoxy ethyl tetra-hydrofuran (THFA-ethyl) modifier.1 . Process in continuous effected in the presence of at least two reactors in series, for the preparation of statistical vinyl arene\/conjugated diene copolymers, the vinyl arene content ranging from 15 to 50% by weight, by means of the copolymerization under isothermal conditions in a hydrocarbon solvent, at a temperature ranging from 30 to 120° C., of vinyl arene\/conjugated diene monomers, the above process being carried out in the presence of at least one initiator selected from organo-lithium derivatives and a modifier, characterized in that the modifier is 2-methoxy ethyl tetra-hydrofuran (THFA-ethyl).","label":"Automobile","id":2005} +{"sentence":"Method and apparatus for generating steamA method and apparatus for generating steam including an internal combustion engine providing mechanical energy and also thermal energy which is commonly referred to as waste heat. In one aspect, the engine drives a heat pump, and the low temperature side of the heat pump removes waste heat from the engine and in some instances also heat from the environment, while the high temperature side of the heat pump delivers heat to an unfired steam boiler. In another aspect, the engine drives a water injectable compressor, and waste heat from the engine is utilized in a heat exchanger to boil water and thereby produce steam at a relatively low temperature and pressure. This steam enters the compressor and emerges therefrom at a relatively high temperature and pressure. In all aspects, the generated steam can be used for such applications as heating or the operation of a steam engine.1. Apparatus for generating vapor such as steam comprising: (a) an internal combustion engine having a mechanical energy output and a waste heat output; (b) a heat pump having a low temperature side and a high temperature side; (c) means operatively connected to said engine and to said heat pump for coupling mechanical energy output from said engine to said heat pump for driving said pump; (d) means operatively connected to said engine and to said heat pump for transmitting waste heat output from said engine to the low temperature side of said heat pump; (e) an unfired boiler having an inlet for receiving water and an outlet for releasing steam generated in said boiler and (f) means operatively connected to said heat pump and to said boiler for placing said boiler in heat exchange relationship with the high temperature side of said heat pump.","label":"Process","id":2006} +{"sentence":"Constrained geometry addition polymerization catalystsMetal complexes having constrained geometry and a process for preparation thereof, addition polymerization catalysts formed therefrom, processes for preparation of such addition polymerization catalysts, methods of use, and novel polymers formed thereby, including ElPE resins and pseudo-random copolymers, are disclosed and claimed.1. A process for preparing a metal coordination complex of the formula: wherein (a) M is selected from the group consisting of titanium, zirconium, and hafnium; (b) Cp* is selected from the group consisting of cyclopentadienyl and R″ m -substituted cyclopentadienyl, bound in an η 5 bonding mode to M, wherein R″ is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl of up to 20 carbon atoms and aryl of up to 20 carbon atoms and two adjacent R″ groups may join to form a ring and m is 1 to 4; (c) Z is selected from the group consisting of CR′ 2 , CR′ 2 CR′ 2 , SiR′ 2 , and SiR′ 2 SiR′ 2 , wherein each R′ is independently selected from the group consisting of alkyl of up to 20 carbon atoms, aryl of up to 20 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof of up to 20 carbon atoms; (d) Y is NR or PR, wherein R is selected from the group consisting of alkyl of up to 20 carbon atoms, aryl of up to 20 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof of up to 20 carbon atoms; (e) X is, independently each occurrence, selected from the group consisting of hydride, halide, alkyl of up to 30 carbon atoms, aryl of up to 30 carbon atoms, aryloxy of up to a total of 30 carbon and oxygen atoms, alkoxy of up to a total of 30 carbon and oxygen atoms, cyanide, aide, acetylacetonate, norbornyl, and benzyl; and (f) n is 2, said process comprising the steps of contacting a metal compound of the formula MX n+2 , or a coordinated adduct thereof with a dianionic salt compound corresponding to the formula: (L +x ) y (Cp*-Z-Y) −2 or ((LX″) +x ) y (Cp*-Z-Y) −2 wherein: L is a metal of Group 1 or 2 of the Periodic Table of the Elements; X″ is floro, chloro, bromo, or iodo; x and y are either 1 or 2 and the product of x and y equals 2; M, X, Cp*, n, Z and Y are as previously defined, in a non-coordinating, non-polar solvent; and recovering the resulting product.","label":"Catalyst","id":2007} +{"sentence":"Material conditionerThe invention relates to an apparatus and method for conditioning materials for processing such as materials used in a recycling process. The invention includes a conditioning section including a drum associated with teeth. The end of the drum is rounded to prevent material from becoming lodged between the end of the drum and the conditioner section housing. A support bar is added to provide structural support to the teeth and to provide a tooth at the end of the support bar point toward the housing wall to further prevent materials from becoming lodged between the end of the drum and the conditioner section housing. The rotation teeth pass between stationary fingers. The finger may further include finger teeth. The length of the fingers, the distance between the finger and the drum, and the finger teeth configuration may be remotely selected to provide for conditioned materials of different sizes.1. A material conditioner configured for processing materials, said material conditioner comprising: a conditioner housing comprising a first housing wall and an opposing second housing wall configured for being moveably associated with a mobile-tooth-carrier, said conditioner housing defining a housing input and a housing output; a mobile-tooth-carrier comprising a cylindrical drum with a rounded first end and second end and further comprising a drive-shaft having a first-shaft-end and an opposing second-shaft-end, wherein said first-shaft-end is positioned outside said drum with said drive-shaft extending through the approximate center of said first-drum-end, through said drum and out the approximate center of said second-drum-end to said second-shaft-end and wherein said first-drum-end and said second-drum-end define a dome shaped end cap and wherein said first end is movably associated with said first housing wall and said second end is movably associated with said second housing wall; at least two mobile-tooth-sets wherein each mobile-tooth-set comprises a plurality of mobile-tooths that are in alignment along said cylindrical drum and wherein each mobile-tooth comprises a first mobile-tooth end and a second mobile-tooth end, wherein the first mobile-tooth end of each mobile-tooth is associated with said mobile-tooth-carrier so that each mobile-tooth extends outward from said mobile-tooth-carrier; a mobile-tooth support bar associated with each mobile-tooth-set, wherein each said support bar defines a first support bar end and a second support bar end and wherein each said support bar is mechanically associated with said cylindrical drum so that said first support bar end is positioned a predefined distance from the first cylindrical drum end and said second support bar end is positioned a predefined distance from the second cylindrical drum end, and wherein a side surface of said support bar is associated with the back side of a mobile-tooth thereby providing support. wherein the first support bar end and the second support bar end for each support bar define a support-bar-angle and wherein an end-tooth is associated with the first support bar end and second support bar end; a finger plate comprising a plurality of fingers, wherein each finger extends horizontally out from said finger plate a predefined distance to a finger-end-point where each finger-end-point defines a finger-interface and wherein adjacent fingers are separated by a gap thereby defining an adjacent-finger-gap between fingers; wherein each finger-interface is configured to be positioned a predefined distance from said mobile-tooth-carrier thereby defining a finger-carrier-gap; wherein said mobile-tooth-carrier is associated with a motor configured to generate mobile-tooth-carrier motion, and thereby mobile-tooth motion relative to said finger plate wherein said mobile-tooth motion defines a mobile-tooth-motion-path; wherein said mobile-tooth-carrier and said finger plate are positioned within said conditioner housing so that the mobile-tooth-motion-path for each mobile-tooth goes through an adjacent-finger-gap; and wherein the distance from the mobile-tooth-carrier first end and said first housing wall, and the distance from the mobile-tooth-carrier second end and said second housing wall each define a carrier-wall-gap.","label":"Household","id":2008} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of polyalcoholsA process for the preparation of polyalcohols comprises the stages: (a) Reaction of an alkanal or ketone with formaldehyde in aqueous solution in the presence of a tertiary amine, to form a formates containing polyalcohol product mixture, (b) removal of water, excess tertiary amine, excess formaldehyde (c) heating of remaining mixture from (b) with removal of further formaldehyde and tertiary amine with formation of the formates of the polyalcohol, (d) transfer of tertiary amine removed from stage (b) and\/or from stage (c), to synthesis stage (a) and\/or to the subsequent transesterification stage (e), (e) transesterification of the resulting formates of the polyalcohol from stage (c) with an alcohol of the formula ROH in the presence of a transesterification catalyst to give polyalcohols and formates of the formula where R is a hydrocarbon radical, preferably alkyl of 1-6, particularly preferably 1-2, carbon atoms, and (f) isolation of the polyalcohols.1. A process for the preparation of a formate containing polyalcohol product by reaction of an alkanal or keton with formaldehyde in aqueous solution in the presence of a tertiary amine, wherein the reaction is carried out using a temperature gradient with increasing temperature, and for 0.5-24 hours, and 0.6-5 mol of tertiary amine, based on 1 mol of alkanal or ketone are employed, and the process is carried out without hydrogenation of the product mixture, wherein said temperature gradient with increasing temperature is effected in a three-stage reactor cascade using temperatures of 20-40° C.\/40-70° C.\/70-90.","label":"Process","id":2009} +{"sentence":"Functionalized polymersA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of (i) polymerizing conjugated diene monomer by employing a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a reactive polymer, and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with an azine compound.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing conjugated diene monomer by employing a lanthanide-based catalyst to form a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with an azine compound, where the azine compound is defined by the formula: where each of R2, R3, R4, and R5independently include a hydrogen atom or mono-valent organic group, with the proviso that at least one of R2, R3, R4, and R5is a heterocyclic group.","label":"Automobile","id":2010} +{"sentence":"Tripentyl esters of trimellitic acidTripentyl esters of trimellitic acid, especially mixtures of triisopentyl esters of trimellitic acid comprising isomeric pentyl radicals in which more than 5 mol % of the isomeric pentyl radicals incorporated in the ester mixture are branched, have good compatibility with PVC and PVC-containing polymers and simultaneously exhibit a lesser tendency to migrate.1. A composition, comprising: trialkyl esters of trimellitic acid; wherein the trialkyl radicals of the trialkyl esters are a mixture of isomeric pentyl radicals, wherein more than 5 mol % of the isomeric pentyl radicals are branched, and at least 50 mol % of the branched isomeric pentyl radicals are 2-methylbutyl radicals.","label":"HouseConst","id":2011} +{"sentence":"SANDWICH COMPOSITE MATERIALSSandwich composite constructions with superior thermal and acoustic insulation properties are provided. In addition, the sandwich composite constructions are lightweight and have a mechanical integrity that may allow them to withstand an impact force of five pounds per square inch or more. One aspect of the present invention relates to the composition of the sandwich constructions, while another relates to methods of fabricating the sandwich composite constructions. Materials incorporated into the constructions include fibrous material, aerogel, resin, separation material, and insulating material, such as a foam. A vacuum assisted resin transfer method (VARTM) may be used to manufacture the sandwich composites by infusing resin into a composite preform such that the resin is received into at least a portion of the fibrous material pores. Water soluble tooling materials may be used as the substrate for the preform to fabricate sandwich composite panels having either simple or complex geometries.1 . A sandwich composite construction comprising: a. a first fibrous material including porous spaces at least partially filled by a resin; b. a second fibrous material including porous spaces at least partially filled by the resin; c. a first aerogel layer disposed between the first and second fibrous materials; d. a first separation material limiting the resin from traversing between the first fibrous material and the aerogel layer; and e. a second separation material limiting the resin from traversing between the second fibrous material and the aerogel layer.","label":"IndustConst","id":2012} +{"sentence":"Supported metallocene-alumoxane catalyst for high pressure polymerization of olefins and a method of preparing and using the sameThis invention relates to a process for preparing a supported metallocene alumoxane catalyst for use in the high pressure polymerization of olefins. The invention particularly relates to the use of silica gel having a particle size less than 10 microns containing from about 5 to about 20 per cent by weight absorbed water as the catalyst support material. It has been found that such silica gel may be safely added to an aluminum trialkyl solution to form by direct reaction with the adsorbed water content of the silica gel catalyst support material the alumoxane component of the catalyst system. An alumoxane coated silica gel is formed to which a metallocene may be added and the resulting material dried to free flowing powder. The dried free flowing powder may then be used as a catalyst for high pressure polymerization of olefins.1. A supported metallocene alumoxane catalyst complex for the polymerization of olefins under high pressure, produced by: (a) adding a undehydrated silica gel having a particle size less than 10μto a stirred solution of an aluminum trialkyl in an amount sufficient to provide a mole ratio of aluminum trialkyl to water of from about 0.5 to about 1.5 and allowing the mixture to react; (b) adding a metallocene to the reacted mixture; (c) removing the solvent; and (d) drying the solids to form a free flowing powder.","label":"Catalyst","id":2013} +{"sentence":"Ethylene\/branched olefin copolymersHigh molecular weight copolymers of ethylene and 0.5-10 mole percent branched α-olefins are disclosed. The polymers have Mwof 30,000-1,000,000, MWD of 2-4, a density of 0.85-0.95 g\/cm3,and a high composition distribution breadth index. Also disclosed are a method for making the polymers with a cyclopentadienyl metallocene catalyst system, and films, fibers, molded articles and other products made from the copolymers.1. A copolymer comprising ethylene and at least about 2.5 to less than 50 mole percent of an α-olefin comonomer having at least two C1to C3branches and said copolymer having a composition distribution breadth index within the range of 50% to less than 100%.","label":"Construct","id":2014} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of highly water absorptive polymersA process for producing a highly water absorptive polymer, including the step of polymerizing an acrylic monomer including as the main component acrylic acid and\/or an alkali metal salt thereof in the presence of a salt of a metal selected from the,group consisting of Fe(II), Fe(III), Cu(II), Mn(II), VO(II), Co(II) and Ni(II).1. A process for producing a water-insoluble highly water absorptive polymer, comprising the step of: polymerizing an acrylic monomer comprising as the main component acrylic acid and\/or an alkali metal salt thereof, and a crosslinking monomer, in the presence of a salt of a metal selected from the group consisting of Fe(II) , Fe(III) , Cu(II) , Mn(II) , VO(II), Co(II) and Ni(II), wherein the amount of said salt of a metal is 0.001 to 1% by weight based on the acrylic monomer.","label":"Household","id":2015} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of acrolein by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propeneThe present invention relates to a process for the production of acrolein by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propene with air in the presence of steam and an inert gas or waste gas from the reaction, the starting materials being passed in defined quantitative ratios at 300° to 380° C. under 1.4 to 2.2 bar pressure over a catalyst containing the combination of elements MoFeCoNiBiP(As)K(Rb,Cs)SmSiO in the form of a bed of individual elements, the catalyst elements fulfilling certain geometric conditions and a number of critical physico-chemical parameters and a specific load of 2 to 8 mol propene\/dm3catalyst bed\/h being adjusted.1. A process for the production of acrolein by catalytic gas-phase oxidation of propene with air in the presence of steam and an inert gas or waste gas from said reaction from which the condensible constituents have been removed, at elevated temperature and in a ratio of propene to air to inert gas or waste gas to water of 1:6-9:3-12:0-5, comprising passing said gaseous starting materials at 300° to 380° C. under an absolute pressure of 1.4 to 2.2 bar over a catalyst mass having the composition [Equation] Mo12Fe0.4-4.0 Co0.4-4.0 Ni1.0-9.0 Bi0.2-2.0 [Equation] P(As)0.2-2.0 K(Rb,Cs)0-0.1 Sm0.01-0.2 Si5-40Ox, the element silicon being at least one member selected from the group consisting of pyrogenic or highly disperse precipitated silica, silica sol, finely divided aluminum silicate, and montmorillonite, and the catalyst mass is in the form of a bed of individual catalyst elements having the following properties in combination: a) catalyst elements of any geometric shape in which the ratio of outer surface Op to volume Vp is above 1.6 mm-1and of which the spatial dimension, defined by the diameter of a sphere which still just surrounds it, is smaller than 7.5 mm; b) a porosity of the catalyst of at least 0.46, the absence of micropores (<2 nm), a mesopore volume (2-30 nm) of at least 0.03 cm3\/g and a macropore volume (>30 nm) of at least 0.30 cm3\/g; c) a mercury density of the catalyst element of at least 1.25 g\/cm3; d) a specific BET surface of at least 10 m2\/g; e) a breaking strength of at least 6.0 N; f) an abrasion of less than 50 mg\/g catalyst; g) a pressure loss of less than 1,600 Pa\/m of a catalyst bed introduced into a 2 cm diameter tube, and a specific load of 2-8 mol propene\/dm3catalyst bed\/h being adjusted.","label":"Process","id":2016} +{"sentence":"MONOBENZOATE USEFUL AS A PLASTICIZER IN ADHESIVE PREPARATIONSA unique monobenzoate useful as a plasticizer in polymeric dispersions, such as adhesives, comprising 3-phenyl propyl benzoate, a monobenzoate ester used as a flavor and fragrance additive, but not heretofore utilized as a plasticizer for polymeric dispersions, such as adhesives, caulks and sealants. The inventive monobenzoate provides a suitable non-phthalate, lower VOC alternative plasticizer that is compatible with a wide variety of polymers. Advantages rendered by the use of the inventive monobenzoate include, among other things, excellent viscosity response, low viscosity, viscosity stability, improved rheology, good film formation and comparable or better adhesion, peel strength, set time, open time, chalk point and MFFT, compared with that achieved by traditional plasticizers. The inventive monobenzoate also has an excellent health, safety and environmental profile and provides a viable alternative for adhesives used in food contact applications, such as packaging, where migratory concerns are an issue.1 . A monobenzoate plasticizer for use in polymeric compositions, comprising 3-phenyl propyl benzoate.","label":"HouseConst","id":2017} +{"sentence":"Plastisol compositionThis invention discloses a process for applying a rubbery coating to a substrate which comprises: (1) dipping the substrate into a plastisol composition in a manner whereby the plastisol composition is applied to the surface of the substrate, wherein the plastisol composition is comprised of (i) polyvinyl chloride, (ii) from about 70 to about 100 parts of a plasticizer per 100 parts of the polyvinylchloride, (iii) from about 1 to about 3 parts of a stabilizer and (iv) from about 10 to about 30 parts of a highly crosslinked nitrile rubber composition per 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride, wherein the highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has repeat units which are derived from (a) 1,3-butadiene, (b) acrylonitrile and (c) a crosslinking agent, and wherein said highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has a Mooney viscosity of about 50 to about 120, a swelling index of less than about 10 percent, a mill shrinkage of less than 10 percent and a gel content of greater than 90 percent; (2) removing the substrate from the plastisol composition to produce a plastisol coated substrate; (3) heating the plastisol-coated substrate to a temperature which is within the range of about 150° C. to about 200° C. for a period which is sufficient to fuse the plastisol composition to the substrate producing a rubber-coated substrate. The highly crosslinked rubber compositions of this invention can be utilized in slush molding applications.1. A process for applying a rubbery coating to a substrate which comprises: (1) dipping the substrate into a plastisol composition which is comprised of (a) polyvinyl chloride, (b) from about 70 to about 100 parts of a plasticizer per 100 parts of the polyvinylchloride, (c) from about 1 to about 3 parts of a stabilizer per 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride and (d) from about 10 to about 30 parts of a highly crosslinked nitrile rubber composition per 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride, wherein the highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has repeat units which are derived from (i) 1,3-butadiene, (ii) acrylonitrile and (iii) a crosslinking agent, and wherein said highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has a Mooney viscosity of about 50 to about 120, a swelling index of less than about 10 percent, a mill shrinkage of less than 10 percent and a gel content of greater than 90 percent in a manner whereby the plastisol composition is applied to the surface of the substrate; (2) removing the substrate from the plastisol composition to produce a plastisol coated substrate; and (3) heating the plastisol-coated substrate to a temperature which is within the range of about 150° C. to about 200° C. for a period which is sufficient to fuse the plastisol composition to the substrate producing a rubber-coated substrate.","label":"HouseConst","id":2018} +{"sentence":"Multiphase contact and distribution apparatus for hydroprocessingSystems and apparatus for mixing, cooling, and distributing multiphase fluid mixtures within a reactor, wherein reactor internal apparatus of the present invention provides not only improved fluid mixing and distribution to each underlying catalyst bed surface, but also offers other advantages including: decreased mixing tray height; easier maintenance, assembly and disassembly; and decreased amounts of fabrication material. In an embodiment, fluid may be evenly distributed to a catalyst bed from a fluid distribution unit comprising a nozzle tray including a plurality of nozzles, wherein the nozzles include at least one liquid inlet disposed tangentially to an inner surface of the nozzle.1. A reactor system, comprising: (a) a reactor shell; (b) a primary feed distribution unit disposed within the reactor shell; and (c) at least one secondary feed distribution unit disposed beneath the primary feed distribution unit within the reactor shell, wherein: (d) the primary feed distribution unit comprises a primary deflector plate and a first nozzle tray disposed beneath the deflector plate; and (e) the at least one secondary feed distribution unit comprises a collection tray and a second nozzle tray disposed beneath the collection tray, wherein each of the first nozzle tray and the second nozzle tray comprises a plurality of nozzles, the nozzles each comprising a nozzle body including a distal body portion having at least one liquid inlet configured for the passage of liquid therethrough, the distal body portion defining a substantially cylindrical distal void, wherein each liquid inlet is disposed tangentially to an inner surface of the distal body portion.","label":"Process","id":2019} +{"sentence":"Multiple emulsion having a form of water\/oil\/water phase and process for preparation thereof, and multiple emulsion type cosmeticsA multiple emulsion having a dispersing form of water-phase\/oil-phase\/water-phase and a process for preparation thereof, and a multiple emulsion type cosmetics utilizing said multiple emulsion as a fundamental form, said multiple emulsion consisting of a dispersed phase and a dispersion medium, of which the dispersed phase is a water-in-oil type emulsion formed by dispersing water phase into oil phase which consists of an oil component and a oil-soluble emulsifier having such a hydrophile-lipophile balance that the oil component forms a dispersion medium of the water-in-oil type emulsion, and of which the dispersion medium is an aqueous solution which contains an water-soluble emulsifier having such a hydrophile-lipophile balance that the oil component forms a dispersion medium of an oil-in-water type emulsion and having such concentration that the oil-soluble emulsifier does not dissolved therein.1. Multiple emulsion type cosmetics having a dispersing form of water-phase\/oil-phase\/water-phase which consists of a dispersed phase and dispersion medium, of which said dispersed phase is a water-in-oil type emulsion formed with water phase in which maltose is dissolved and oil phase which is obtained by dissolving an oil-soluble emulsifier having such a hydrophile-lipophile balance that an oil component forms a dispersion medium of said water-in-oil type emulsion, into said oil component, and of which said dispersion medium is an aqueous solution containing a water-soluble emulsifier having such a hydrophile-lipophile balance that said oil component forms a dispersed phase of an oil-in-water type emulsion, to the extent that said oil-soluble emulsifier is not dissolved therein.","label":"HouseConst","id":2020} +{"sentence":"Composite material and electronic apparatusA composite material includes: a heat dissipation sheet; a heat insulation material that is placed on one surface of the heat dissipation sheet; and a support layer that is placed on at least one of the other surface of the heat dissipation sheet and the other surface of the heat insulation material, wherein silica aerogel is included between fibers in an inner region of the heat insulation material, an outer peripheral region of the heat insulation material includes the fibers, and the heat dissipation sheet and the heat insulation material are fixed onto each other through the fibers. Furthermore, provided is an electronic apparatus, including a heat generating component; and the above composite material, wherein the composite material is placed between the housing and the heat generating component.1. A composite material, comprising: a heat dissipation sheet; a surface of a heat insulation material on one surface of the heat dissipation sheet; and support layers on the other surface of the heat dissipation sheet and the other surface of the heat insulation material, wherein silica aerogel is included between fibers in an inner region of the heat insulation material, an outer peripheral region of the heat insulation material includes the fibers, the heat dissipation sheet and the heat insulation material are fixed onto each other through the fibers, and the support layers are insulating films.","label":"IndustConst","id":2021} +{"sentence":"Insecticidal N-(substituted arylmethyl)-4-[bis(substituted phenyl or pyridyl)methyl]piperidinesCompounds of structure (I) the corresponding N-oxides and agriculturally acceptable salts are disclosed as effective insecticides. In said formula, U is --(CH2)n--; Q is hydroxy, R is formula (II) in which V, W, Y and Z are hydrogen; X is a five- or six-membered heterocycle optionally substituted; and the heterocycle is optionally connected to the phenyl ring through a --O--, --S-- --CH2)p--, or --O(CR3R4)q linkage; R1and R2are independently selected from phenyl or pyridyl substituted with haloalkyl or haloalkoxy; R3,R4,n, p, and 1 are as defined in the specification.1. A compound of the formula: in which U is --(CH2)n--; Q is hydroxy; R is in which V, W, Y, and Z are each hydrogen; X is a five- or six-membered heterocycle, optionally substituted with halogen, alkyl, alkoxy, alkoxyalkyl, cyano, aminocarbonyl, haloalkyl, haloalkoxy, or haloalkoxyalkyl; and the heterocycle is optionally connected to the phenyl ring through a --O--, --S--, --(CH2)p--, --C(O)--, or --O--(CR3R4)q-- linkage; R1and R2are independently selected from phenyl or pyridyl, each substituted with haloalkyl or haloalkoxy; R3and R4are independently selected from hydrogen and methyl; n and p are independently 1, 2, or 3, and q is 1 or 2; with the proviso that one of R1and R2is substituted in the para position; no more than two of R3and R4are methyl; each aliphatic moiety contains 1 to 4 carbon atoms; halogen means bromine, chlorine, or fluorine; each heterocycle contains from 1 to 4 nitrogen atoms, or 1 or 2 oxygen or sulfur atoms, or 1 or 2 nitrogen atoms and an oxygen or sulfur atom, and the corresponding N-oxides and agriculturally acceptable salts.","label":"Automobile","id":2022} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of a superabsorbent polymerThe present invention relates to process for the preparation of a superabsorbent polymer comprising the steps of a) subjecting an aqueous monomer mixture containing at least one α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer; at least one monomer bearing at least two α,β-ethylenically unsaturated groups; iron ions in an amount of 0.1 to 3 wppm based on the total weight of the aqueous monomer mixture; and at least one chelating agent in an amount to provide a mol ratio of chelating agent to iron ion of 0.8 to 4.0 to free radical polymerization in an reactor to obtain a super-absorbent polymer; and b) recovering the superabsorbent polymer, whereby if the process is continuous and is run in an agitated reactor the upper limit of the mol ratio of chelating agent to iron ion is 4.0 for a throughput of total reaction mixture through the reactor of at most 1.3 kg\/h per liter reactor volume.1. A continuous or batch process for the preparation of a super-absorbent polymer comprising the steps of: a) subjecting an aqueous monomer mixture containing at least one α,β-ethylenically unsaturated monomer; at least one monomer bearing at least two α,β-ethylenically unsaturated groups; iron ions in an amount of from about 0.1 to about 3 wppm based on the total weight of the aqueous monomer mixture; and at least one chelating agent in an amount to provide a mol ratio of chelating agent to iron ion of from about 0.8 to about 4.0 to free radical polymerization in an reactor to obtain a superabsorbent polymer; and b) recovering the super-absorbent polymer, whereby if the process is continuous and is run in an agitated reactor the upper limit of the mol ratio of chelating agent to iron ion is 4.0 for a throughput of total reaction mixture through the reactor of at most 1.3 kg\/h per liter reactor volume, 3.5 for a throughput of total reaction mixture through the reactor of more than 1.3 kg\/h per liter reactor volume at most 2.5 kg\/h per liter reactor volume, and 1.5 for a throughput of total reaction mixture through the reactor of more than 2.5 kg\/h per liter reactor volume.","label":"Household","id":2023} +{"sentence":"Optical fiber and optical cableThe present invention relates to an optical fiber and an optical cable which can be used for a long term even under environments in which an oil content migrates into them, and the optical fiber has a glass fiber extending along a predetermined axis, and a coating. The coating is composed of a plurality of layers each of which is comprised of an ultraviolet curable resin or a thermosetting resin, and swelling rates of the respective coating layers are set so that they increase from an outer peripheral surface of the glass fiber to an outer peripheral surface of the cable jacket.1. An optical fiber comprising: a glass fiber; and a coating surrounding the glass fiber, wherein the coating is laid on the glass fiber along a radial direction from a central axis of the optical fiber and comprises an inside coating layer and an outside coating layer surrounding the inside coating layer, wherein the inside coating layer is comprised of an ultraviolet curable resin or thermosetting resin which has a swelling rate with a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride resin, wherein the outside coating layer is comprised of an ultraviolet curable resin or thermosetting resin which has a swelling rate with a plasticizer for polyvinyl chloride resin, wherein the swelling rate of the inside coating layer is smaller than the swelling rate of the outside coating layer, and wherein the plasticizer contains at least any one of phthalate, dioctyl phthalate, diisononyl phthalate, diisodecyl phthalate, dibutyl phthalate, adipate, dioctyl adipate, diisononyl adipate, trimellitate, trioctyl trimellitate, phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, citrate, acetyl tributyl citrate, epoxidized oil, epoxidized soybean-oil, epoxidized linseed-oil, sebacate, and azelate.","label":"HouseConst","id":2024} +{"sentence":"SOLAR CELL ENCAPSULANT, AND SOLAR CELL MODULE USING THE SAMEA solar cell encapsulant used the resin component containing an ethylene.α-olefin copolymer and a copolymer of ethylene-a functional group-containing monomer, having good productivity, superior transparency, and also superior modulus of elasticity in tension, heat resistance, adhesive property and steam transmittance resistance, and the solar cell module using the same. It is provided by the solar cell encapsulant, characterized by using a resin composition comprising a component (A) and a component (B), satisfying the following formula (x), as resin components, or the like: (a1) a density of 0.860 to 0.920 g\/cm3 −480×[d]+425≦[CM]≦−480×[d]+433  Expression (x) (wherein [d] represents density of the component (A); and [CM] represents comonomer content (mol %) of the component (B)).1 . A solar cell encapsulant comprising a resin composition comprising (A) an ethylene.α-olefin copolymer having a density of 0.860 to 0.920 g\/cm3, and (B) a copolymer of ethylene-a functional group-containing monomer, wherein the resin composition satisfies expression (x): −480×[d]+425≦[CM]≦−480×[d]+433  (x), wherein [d] represents the density of (A); and [CM] represents a comonomer content, in mol %, of (B).","label":"HouseConst","id":2025} +{"sentence":"Functionalized olefin polymersThis invention relates to a composition comprising a functionalized C3 to C40 olefin polymer comprising at least 50 mol % of one or more C3 to C40 olefins, and where the olefin polymer, prior to functionalization, has: a) a Dot T-Peel of 1 Newton or more on Kraft paper; b) an Mw of 10,000 to 100,000; and c) a branching index (g′) of 0.98 or less measured at the Mz of the polymer when the polymer has an Mw of 10,000 to 60,000, or a branching index (g′) of 0.95 or less measured at the Mz of the polymer when the polymer has an Mw of 10,000 to 100,000; and where the C3 to C40 olefin polymer comprises at least 0.001 weight % of an functional group, preferably maleic anhydride. This invention further relates to blends of such functionalized polymers with other polymers including non-functionalized C3 to C40 olefin polymers as described above.1. A composition comprising a functionalized C3 to C40 olefin polymer, the olefin polymer comprising at least 50 mol % of one or more C3 to C40 olefins, and where the olefin polymer, prior to functionalization, has: a) a Dot T-Peel of 1 Newton or more on Kraft paper; b) an Mw of 10,000 to 100,000; and c) a branching index (g′) of 0.98 or less measured at Mz of the polymer when the polymer has an Mw of 10,000 to 60,000, or a branching index (g′) of 0.95 or less measured at the Mz of the polymer when the polymer has an Mw of 10,000 to 100,000; and where the C3 to C40 olefin polymer comprises at least 0.001 weight % of a functional group.","label":"HouseConst","id":2026} +{"sentence":"Method of producing water absorbent resinA method for producing a water absorbent resin, the method including a polymerization step, a drying step, a classification step, and a surface crosslinking step. The classification step carried out before or after the surface crosslinking step requires use of a tapping material and a metal sieve mesh, in which the tapping material being heated at 40° C. to 100° C. is installed below the metal sieve mesh, and the metal sieve mesh has an area of 1 to 10 m2\/sheet. The classification step further requires introducing a classification aid particle, which has a specific gravity different from that of the water absorbent resin, to the metal sieve mesh; and monitoring the presence or absence of damage to the metal sieve mesh.1. A method for producing a water absorbent resin comprising: a polymerization step of polymerizing an aqueous solution of acrylic acid (salt) to obtain a water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer; a drying step of drying the water-containing gel-like crosslinked polymer to obtain a water absorbent resin powder; a classification step of classifying the water absorbent resin powder; and a surface crosslinking step of surface crosslinking the water absorbent resin powder, wherein in the classification step that is carried out before the surface crosslinking step, a tapping material being heated at 40° C. to 100° C. is installed below a metal sieve mesh used in the classification step, the area of the metal sieve mesh being 1 to 10 [m2\/sheet]; and the dew point of the atmosphere in which the classification step is carried out is −5° C. or higher and 15° C. or lower.","label":"Household","id":2027} +{"sentence":"Halogen substituted metallocene compounds for olefin polymerizationA metallocene compound is represented by the formula (1): wherein: M is a Group 3, 4, 5 or 6 transition metal atom, or a lanthanide metal atom, or actinide metal atom, preferably a Group 4 transition metal atom selected from titanium, zirconium or hafnium; E is a substituted or unsubstituted monocyclic or polycyclic arenyl ligand pi-bonded to M; A is a substituted or unsubstituted polycyclic arenyl ligand that is pi-bonded to M and has a different ring structure than the E ligand; at least one of the A and E ligands includes at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to an sp2carbon at a bondable ring position; Y is a bridging group containing at least one Group 13, 14, 15, or 16 element and any single position of the ring structure of A and to any single position of the ring structure of E; and y is zero or 1, indicating the absence (y=0) or presence (y=1) of Y; and each X is a univalent anionic ligand, or two X are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two X are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand; provided that when E is an unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand, either y is one or A is not 2-bromofluorenyl or 2,7-dibromofluorenyl.1. A metallocene compound represented by the formula (1): wherein: M is a Group 4, 5 or 6 transition metal atom; E is a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentadienyl ligand pi-bonded to M; A is a substituted or unsubstituted indenyl ligand, or a substituted or unsubstituted cyclopentanaphthyl ligand that is pi-bonded to M and has a different ring structure than the E ligand; at least one of the A and E ligands includes at least one halogen substituent directly bonded to an sp2carbon at a bondable ring position; Y is a bridging group containing at least one Group 13, 14, 15, or 16 element and bonded to any single position of the ring structure of A and to any single position of the ring structure of E; y is zero or 1, indicating the absence (y=0) or presence (y=1) of Y; and each X is a univalent anionic ligand, or two X are joined and bound to the metal atom to form a metallocycle ring, or two X are joined to form a chelating ligand, a diene ligand, or an alkylidene ligand.","label":"HouseConst","id":2028} +{"sentence":"Conjugated diene rubber gel, rubber compositions containing the same and process for production of conjugated diene rubberA conjugated diene rubber gel comprising 80–99 weight % of conjugated diene monomer units and 20–1 weight % of aromatic vinyl monomer units and having a swelling index of 16 to 70 as measured in toluene. A rubber vulcanizate made from a rubber composition comprising this conjugated diene rubber gel and a rubber capable of being crosslinked with sulfur exhibits good abrasion resistance and low heat-build up without deterioration of mechanical properties, and thus, is suitable for tire materials. This conjugated diene rubber gel can be produced with high efficiency by emulsion-polymerization of a monomer mixture comprising 50–99.9 weight % of a conjugated diene monomer, 0–30 weight % of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 0–20 weight % of a crosslinking monomer.1. A process for producing a conjugated diene-aromatic vinyl copolymer rubber, characterized in that a monomer mixture comprising 15% to 69.8% by weight of a conjugated diene monomer, 30.1% to 65% by weight of an aromatic vinyl monomer, 0% to 20% by weight of other ethylenically unsaturated monomer and 0.1% to 5% by weight of a crosslinking monomer is copolymerized by an emulsion polymerization procedure, adding a coagulating agent to form a latex having a solids content of 3 to 20% by weight.","label":"IndustConst","id":2029} +{"sentence":"Zinc ferrite catalysts, method of preparing thereof and method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using thereofThe present invention relates to a zinc ferrite catalyst, a method of producing the same, and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the same. Specifically, the present invention relates to a zinc ferrite catalyst which is produced in a pH-adjusted solution using a coprecipitation method, a method of producing the same, and a method of preparing 1,3-butadiene using the same, in which the 1,3-butadiene can be prepared directly using a C4 mixture including n-butene and n-butane through an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction. The present invention is advantageous in that 1,3-butadiene can be obtained at a high yield directly using a C4 fraction without performing an additional process for separating n-butene, as a reactant, from a C4 fraction containing impurities.1. A method of preparing 1,3-butadiene, comprising: (i) producing a zinc ferrite catalyst consisting of: (A) dissolving a zinc precursor and an iron precursor in distilled water to form an aqueous precursor solution; (B) adding the aqueous precursor solution and simultaneously an alkaline solution having a molar concentration of 1.5-4.0 M to distilled water to form a mixed solution and simultaneously adjusting a pH of the mixed solution within a range of 6-10; (C) filtering the pH-adjusted mixed solution to obtain a solid catalyst; (D) drying the solid catalyst at 70-200° C.; and (E) heat-treating the dried solid catalyst at 350-800° C. (ii) continuously passing a reactant consisting of a mixed gas of a C4 mixture, air and steam through a catalyst layer supported with the zinc ferrite catalyst to conduct an oxidative dehydrogenation reaction, the C4 mixture comprises 0.5˜50 wt % of n-butane, 40˜99 wt % of n-butene, and 0.5˜10 wt % other than n-butane and n-butene, (iii) obtaining 1,3-butadiene from the catalyst layer.","label":"Catalyst","id":2030} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene and catalyst composition for its preparationPolyethylene which comprises ethylene homopolymers and copolymers of ethylene with α-olefins and has a molar mass distribution width Mw\/Mn of from 6 to 100, a density of from 0.89 to 0.97 g\/cm3, a weight average molar mass Mw of from 5000 g\/mol to 700,000 g\/mol and has from 0.01 to 20 branches\/1000 carbon atoms and at least 0.5 vinyl groups\/1000 carbon atoms, wherein the 5-50% by weight of the polyethylene having the lowest molar masses have a degree of branching of less than 10 branches\/1000 carbon atoms and the 5-50% by weight of the polyethylene having the highest molar masses have a degree of branching of more than 2 branches\/1000 carbon atoms, a process for its preparation, catalysts suitable for its preparation and also fibers, moldings, films or polymer blends in which this polyethylene is present.1. A catalyst composition comprising at least two different polymerization catalysts, wherein A is at least one polymerization catalyst based on a monocyclopentadienyl complex of metal of groups 4-6 of the Periodic Table of the Elements wherein the cyclopentadienyl system is substituted by an uncharged donor (A1) or a hafnocene (A2); and B) is at least one polymerization catalyst based on an iron component having a tridentate ligand bearing a least two ortho, ortho-disubstituted aryl radicals (B); wherein A1 has the general formula III E1A-E5Aare each carbon or not more than one E1Ato E5Aphosphorus; R1A-R4Aare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C22-alkyl, C2-C22-alkenyl, C6-C22-aryl, alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl radical, NR5A2, N(SiR5A3)2, OR5A, OSiR5A3, SiR5A3, BR5A2, where the organic radicals R1A-R4Amay also be substituted by halogens and two vicinal radicals R1A-R4Amay also be joined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocycle containing at least one atom from the group consisting of N, P, O and S; R5Aare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C6-C20 aryl, alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the aklyl part and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl part and two geminal radicals R5Amay also be joined to form a five- or six-membered ring; Z is a divalent bridge between A and Cp which is selected from L1A-L3Aare each, independently of one another, silicon or germanium; R6A-R11Aare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C8-C20 aryl, alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the aklyl part and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl part or SiR12A3, optionally R6A-R11Aare substituted by halogens and two geminal or vicinal radicals R6A-R11Aare joined to form a five- or six-membered ring; R12Aare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C20-alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C6-C20 aryl or alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 6-20 carbon atoms in the aryl part, C1-C10 alkoxy or C6-C10 aryloxy; optionally two radicals R12Aare joined to form a five- or six-membered ring; A is an uncharged donor group containing one or more atoms of groups 15 and 16 of the Periodic Table of the elements; MAis a metal selected from the group consisting of titanium in the oxidation state 3, vanadium, chromium, molybdenum and tungsten; K is 0 is 1. and wherein A2 has the general formula VI; wherein XBis fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, hydrogen, C1-C10 alkyl, C2-C10 alkenyl, C6-C15 aryl, alkylaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and from 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl part, —OR60or —NR6BR7B, or two radicals XBform a substituted or unsubstituted diene ligand; radicals XBare identical or different and optionally are joined to one another; E1B-E5Bare each carbon or not more than one E1Bto E5Bis phosphorus or nitrogen; l is 1, 2 or 3 and is, depending on the valence of Hf, provided that the metallocene complex of the general formula (VI) is uncharged; R6Band R7Bare each C1-C10 alkyl, C6-C15 aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, fluoroalkyl or fluoroaryl having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and from 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the aryl part; R1Bto R5Bare each, independently of one another hydrogen, C1-C22 alkyl, 5-to 7-membered cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl which optionally bears C1-C10 alkyl groups as substituents, C2-C22 alkenyl, C6-C22 aryl, arylalkyl having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and from 6 to 21 carbon atoms in the aryl part, NR6B2, N(SiR5B3)2, OR8B, OSiR8B3, SiR8B3, where the organic radicals R1B-R5Bare optionally substituted by halogens or two radicals R1B-R5Bare joined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring, or two vicinal radicals R1D-R5Dare joined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocycle containing at least one atom from the group consisting of N, P, O and S; radicals R8B are identical or different and each selected from C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C15 alkyl, C1-C4 alkoxy or C8-C10 aryloxy; Z1Bis XBor wherein R9B-R13Bare each, independently of one another, hydrogen, C1-C22 alkyl, 5- to 7-membered cycloalkyl or cycloalkenyl which optionally bears C1-C10 alkyl groups as substituents, C2-C22 alkenyl, C6-C22 aryl, arylalkyl having from 1 to 16 carbon atoms in the alkyl part and 6-21 carbon atoms in the aryl part, NR14B2, N(SiR14B3)2, OR14B, OSiR14B3, SiR14B3; radicals R8B-R13Bare optionally substituted by halogens and two radicals R9B-R13Bare optionally joined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered ring; optionally two vicinal radicals R9B-R13Bare joined to form a five-, six- or seven-membered heterocycle containing at least one atom from the group consisting of N, P, O and S; radicals R14Bare identical or different and are each C1-C10 alkyl, C3-C10 cycloalkyl, C6-C15 aryl, C1-C4 alkoxy or C6-C10 aryloxy; E6B-E10Bare each carbon or not more than one E6Bto E10Bis phosphorus or nitrogen, or wherein the radicals R4Band Z1Btogether form an —R15Bv—A1B— group; R16B is R16B-R21Bare identical or different and are each a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a trimethylsilyl group, a C1-C10 alkyl group, a C1-C10 fluoroalkyl group, a C6-C10 fluoroaryl group, a C6-C10 aryl group, a C1-C10 alkoxy group, a C7-C15 alkylaryloxy group, a C2-C10 alkenyl group, a C7-C40 arylalkyl group, a C8-C40 arylalkenyl group or a C6-C40 alkylaryl group or two adjacent radicals together with the atoms connecting them form a saturated or unsaturated ring having from 4 to 15 carbon atoms; M2B-M4Bare each silicon, germanium or tin; A1Bis —O—, —S—, −0.00082 CRC2+0.07 CRC−0.95.","label":"Household","id":2089} +{"sentence":"METHOD FOR PRODUCING MODIFIED CONJUGATED DIENE POLYMER, MODIFIED CONJUGATED DIENE POLYMER, AND RUBBER COMPOSITIONA method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer includes carrying out a modification reaction that reacts a modifier that includes a specific compound with a conjugated diene polymer having a cis-1,4-bond content of 98.5% or more and possessing an active end to introduce the modifier into the active end of the conjugated diene polymer to obtain a modified conjugated diene polymer. The modified conjugated diene polymer that exhibits excellent wear resistance, excellent mechanical properties, and reduced cold flow can be obtained by the method.1 . A method for producing a modified conjugated diene polymer, comprising: carrying out a modification reaction that reacts a modifier that comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of the following components (a) to (g) with a conjugated diene polymer having a cis-1,4-bond content of 98.5% or more and possessing an active end to introduce said modifier into the active end of the conjugated diene polymer to obtain a modified conjugated diene polymer, wherein component (a) is an alkoxysilane compound that includes at least one group selected from the group consisting of an epoxy group and an isocyanate group in the molecular structure, component (b) is a compound shown by the general formula (1): R1nM1X4-n, the general formula (2): M1X4, the general formula (3): R1M1X3, the general formula (4): R1nM1(R2—COOR3)4-n, or the general formula (5): R1nM1(R2—COR3)4-n, (wherein wherein R1individually represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, n represents an integer from 0 to 3, R2individually represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, R3represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms that may include a carbonyl group or an ester group in the side chain, M1represents a tin atom, a silicon atom, a germanium atom, or a phosphorus atom, and X represents a halogen atom) atom, component (c) is a compound having a structure shown by the general formula (6): Y═C═Z (wherein Y represents a carbon atom, an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom, and Z represents an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom in the molecular structure, component (d) is a compound having a structure shown by the following general formula (7), wherein Y represents an oxygen atom, a nitrogen atom, or a sulfur atom in the molecular structue, component (e) is a halogenated isocyano compound, component (f) is a compound shown by the general formula (8): R4(COOH)m, the general formula (9): R5(COX)m, the general formula (10): R6COO—R7, the general formula (11): R8—OCOO—R9, the general formula (12): R10(COOCO—R11)m, or the following general formula (13), wherein R4to R12individually represent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 50 carbon atoms, X represents a halogen atom, and m represents an integer from 1 to 5 corresponding to the group bonded to the hydrocarbon group represented by R4to R12, and component (g) is a compound shown by the general formula (14): R131M2(OCOR14)4-1, the general formula (15): R151M2(OCO—R16—COOR17)4-1, or the following general formula (16), wherein R13to R19individually represent hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, M2represents a tin atom, a silicon atom, or a germanium atom, 1 represents an integer from 0 to 3, and q represents 0 or 1.","label":"Automobile","id":2090} +{"sentence":"Process for preparing and using neodymium neodecanoateA new process for the preparation of neodymium neodecanoate, which is utilized as the metallic component, in a new process for the preparation of three-component homogeneous catalytic systems. The invention also deals with a solution polymerization process for the preparation of polybutadiene with a high content of the 1,4-cis units.1. A process for the preparation of neodymium neodecanoate for use as the metallic component of a coordination catalyst, comprising the steps of: a) preparing of a sludge of neodymium oxide in an organic solvent selected from the group consisting of aliphatic solvent, cycloaliphatic solvent, and a mixture of these, at temperatures between room temperature and 100° C.; b) reacting this sludge of neodymium oxide with neodecanoic acid in the presence of hydrochloric acid diluted to a catalytically effective amount up to 2.0 parts in volume of fuming hydrochloric acid in 10 parts in volume of water, at the same temperature range, the mole ratio of the neodecanoic acid and the neodymium oxide ranging from 6:1 to 15:1, to produce a final reaction product which is a solution slightly turbid with or without an oily aspect, which contains up to 40,000 ppm of synthesis water; c) settling the product resulting from the above reaction to obtain a supernatant phase which is a clear solution containing an excess of acid and about 8,000 to 25,000 ppm of synthesis water; d) separating the supernatant phase to form a solution of neodymium neodecanoate, maintaining it under nitrogen, and storing it for later utilization in catalyst preparation.","label":"Automobile","id":2091} +{"sentence":"Conjugated diene rubber, process for producing the same, and rubber compositionA rubber composition which comprises a rubber ingredient comprising a diene rubber and a reinforcing agent comprising silica; said diene rubber being a copolymer comprising (1) 30 to 85% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units, (2) 15 to 50% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units and (3) 0.05 to 20% by weight of units of a vinyl monomer having a polar group, and the diene rubber having in the molecule an alkylthio group having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and having a sulfur atom which is directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms.1. A diene rubber which is a copolymer comprising (1) 30 to 85% by weight of conjugated diene monomer units, (2) 15 to 50% by weight of aromatic vinyl monomer units and (3) 0.05 to 20% by weight of units of a vinyl monomer having at least one kind of polar group selected from the group consisting of N,N-disubstituted-aminoalkyl acrylates, N,N-disubstituted-aninoalkyl methacrylates, N,N-disubstituted-aminoalkyl acrylamides, N,N-disubstituted-aminoalkyl methacrylamides, hydroxyl-substituted-alkyl acrylates and hydroxyl-substituted-alkyl methacrylates; said diene rubber having in the molecule an alkylthio group having 12 to 16 carbon atoms, which include at least three tertiary carbon atoms, and having a sulfur atom which is directly bound to at least one of the tertiary carbon atoms.","label":"IndustConst","id":2092} +{"sentence":"Method of improving the attrition resistance of V\/SB oxide based catalystA process for preparing a catalyst having the following formula: [Equation] VaSbbMcOx wherein M=tin, titanium, lithium, sodium, potassium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, niobium, tantalum, tellurium, bismuth, or mixtures thereof, a=0.1 to 5, preferably 0.1 to 3, most preferably 0.1 to 2 b=0.1 to 5, preferably 0.1 to 3, most preferably 0.1 to 2 c=0.0 to 5, preferably greater than 0 to 5, most preferably 0.01 to 3, and x is a number sufficient to satisfy the valency requirements of the elements, comprising forming an aqueous slurry comprising vanadium and antimony, adding a peptizing agent free of any lithium compounds capable of providing hydroxide ions to said slurry and spray drying said slurry to form an attrition resistant catalyst.1. A process for making an improved attrition resistant vanadium\/antimony oxide based catalyst characterized by the formula: [Equation] VaSBbMcOx wherein M=tin, titanium, lithium, sodium, potassium, molybdenum, tungsten, iron, chromium, cobalt, copper, gallium, niobium, tantalum, tellurium, bismuth, or mixtures thereof, a=0.1 to 5 b=0.1 to 5 c=greater than zero to 5, and x is a number sufficient to satisfy the valency requirements of the elements, comprising forming an aqueous slurry comprising vanadium and antimony, and M and spray drying said slurry to form an attrition resistant catalyst wherein a peptizing agent selected from the group consisting of ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, alkyl amine, aryl amines substituted ammonium hydroxide and heterocyclic amines is incorporated with the M element prior to addition of M to said aqueous slurry.","label":"Catalyst","id":2093} +{"sentence":"Polymers functionalized with a carboxylic or thiocarboxylic ester containing a silylated amino groupA method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer with an anionic initiator to form a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a carboxylic or thiocarboxylic ester containing a silylated amino group, where the silylated amino group is directly attached to a moiety selected from the group consisting of acyclic moieties, heterocyclic moieties, and nonaromatic cyclic moieties.1. A method for preparing a functionalized polymer, the method comprising the steps of: (i) polymerizing monomer with an anionic initiator to form a reactive polymer; and (ii) reacting the reactive polymer with a carboxylic or thiocarboxylic ester containing a silylated amino group, where the carboxylic or thiocarboxylic ester containing a silylated amino group is selected from the group consisting of alkenecarboxylic esters, alkynecarboxylic esters, a cycloalkenecarboxylic esters, cycloalkynecarboxylic esters, heterocyclic carboxylic esters, alkenethiocarboxylic esters, alkynethiocarboxylic esters, cycloalkenethiocarboxylic esters, cycloalkynethiocarboxylic esters, and heterocyclic thiocarboxylic esters.","label":"Automobile","id":2094} +{"sentence":"Continuous process for production of functionalized olefinsA continuous process for functionalizing olefins, especially polymer olefins in a CSTR or pipe reactor. Esters are preferably produced by continuous reaction of the olefin with carbon monoxide and a nucleophilic trapping agent. The liquid-filled pipe reactor operates in plug flow with static mixers and the CSTR is operated in the substantial absence of air at constant liquid level.1. A process for producing a functionalized polymer comprising continuously (A) reacting a polymeric olefin, a nucleophilic trapping agent of formula HYR3and gaseous carbon monoxide in the presence of an acid catalyst and in the absence of reliance on transition metal catalyst, whereby said polymeric olefin is functionalized by attachment of --CO--YR3 groups, wherein Y is O or S, and R3is H, hydrocarbyl, aryl, substituted aryl or substituted hydrocarbyl; and (B) recovering functionalized polymer.","label":"Automobile","id":2095} +{"sentence":"Process for producing acrylic or methacrylic estersThere is provided a process for producing an acrylic or methacrylic ester, comprising the steps of: (a) reacting acrylic or methacrylic acid with an alcohol having 4 or more-carbon atoms in the presence of an acid catalyst to synthesize the corresponding ester; (b) washing the reaction liquid obtained in step (a) with water, followed by separation into the reaction liquid and an aqueous solution containing the acid catalyst; and (c) recycling the aqueous solution obtained in step (b) to step (a).1. A process for producing an acrylic or methacrylic ester, comprising the steps of: (a) reacting acrylic or methacrylic acid with an alcohol having 4 or more carbon atoms in the presence of an acid catalyst to synthesize the corresponding ester; (b) washing the reaction liquid obtained in step (a) with water, followed by separation into the reaction liquid and an aqueous solution containing the acid catalyst; and (c) recycling the aqueous solution obtained in step (b) to step (a).","label":"Process","id":2096} +{"sentence":"Constrained geometry metallocene catalyst complexesA practical and scalable process for the synthesis of constrained geometry metallocene catalyst is described.1. A method for synthesizing a Group IV metal complex containing a tetraalkylcyclopentadiene dimethylsilyl amine ligand which comprises: (i) reacting a tetraalkylcyclopentadiene with an alkali metal alkyl and dimethylsilyl chloride and an alkyl amine in the presence of a non-interfering medium wherein a first reaction mixture is produced which contains a tetraalkylcyclopentadiene silyl amine of Formula I: wherein R and R2are the same or different alkyl groups and R1is methyl; (ii) reacting said tetraalkylcyclopentadiene silyl amine produced in step (i) with an alkali metal alkyl and a MCl4.DME complex wherein M is a Group IV metal and DME is dimethoxyethane; wherein said MCl4.DME complex is slurried in a non-interfering medium; and wherein a second reaction mixture is produced which contains a compound of Formula II: wherein R, R1,R2and M are as defined; and (iii) converting said Formula II compound to a compound of Formula III:","label":"Catalyst","id":2097} +{"sentence":"Method for production of shaped hydrogel of absorbent resinA method for the continuous production of a shaped hydrogel of absorbent resin is disclosed. This invention accomplishes the continuous production by continuously supplying in the form of a layer a monomer mixture capable of forming an absorbent resin by polymerization and polymerizing the layer of the monomer mixture. This method is characterized by retaining the rate of change of the thickness in the direction of width of the layer of hydrogel of absorbent resin at the time of formation of gel at a level of not more than 20%. The method is advantageously carried out by the use of an apparatus for the production of a shaped hydrogel of absorbent resin which comprises a movable endless revolving support belt, a monomer mixture supplying device, and a device for discharging the shaped hydrogel of absorbent resin, the apparatus preferably being provided near each of the opposite lateral parts of the movable endless revolving support belt with a lateral weir adapted to move in concert with the belt or being provided near each of the opposite lateral parts of the movable endless revolving support belt with a lateral weir fixed in such a manner as to contact the belt in a sliding state. The method of this invention permits production of a shaped hydrogel of absorbent resin intended to afford an absorbent resin which exhibits high absorption capacity, little water-soluble content and little residual monomer only in small amounts, and enjoys a high productivity rate.1. A method for continuously producing a shaped hydrogel of absorbent resin by continuously supplying in the form of a layer a monomer mixture capable of forming an absorbent resin and polymerizing said layer of said monomer mixture to form a shaped hydrogel, characterized by retaining the rate of change of the thickness in the direction of width of said layer of shaped hydrogel of absorbent resin at the time of formation of gel at a level of not more than 20%.","label":"IndustConst","id":2098} +{"sentence":"Transition metal catalyzed synthesis of 2H-indazolesThe present invention relates to a process for the regioselective synthesis of compounds of the formula I, wherein R0; R1; R2; R3; R4; R5; A1; A2; A3; A4, Q and J have the meanings indicated in the claims. The present invention provides a direct transition metal catalyzed process to a wide variety of multifunctional 2H-indazoles or 2H-azaindazoles of the formula (I) from 2-halo-phenylacetylenes or (2-sulfonato)phenylacetylenes and monosubstituted hydrazines.1. A process for preparing a compound of formula I and\/or all stereoisomeric forms of the compound of formula I, and\/or mixtures of these forms in any ratio, and\/or a physiologically tolerated salt of the compound of formula I, wherein; A1, A2, A3 and A4 form together with the two carbon atoms in formula I form a benzene, Q is a covalent bond, —(C1-C6)-alkylene, —(C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, phenyl, wherein phenyl is unsubstituted or mono-, di-, tri- or four times substituted independently of one another by R13; —(C1-C4)-alkylene-O—(C1-C4)-alkylene, —(C1-C4)-alkylene-O—; or —(C5-C14)-heteroaryl is selected from pyridyl, quinolinyl, tetrahydropyranyl and thienyl, J is a covalent bond, —(C1-C6)-alkylene, —(C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, phenyl, naphthyl, or —(C5-C14)-heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is as defined above, R0, R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independent of one another identical or different and are a) hydrogen atom, b) —(C1-C4)-alkyl, wherein alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted one, two or three times by R13, c) F, Cl or Br, d) naphthyl, wherein naphthyl is unsubstituted or substituted one, two or three times by R13, e) phenyl, wherein phenyl is unsubstituted or substituted one, two or three times by R13, f) —(C5-C14)-heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is as defined above, g) —(C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, h) —O—(C1-C4)-alkyl, i) —CN, j) —OH, k) —C(O)—R10, l) —C(O)—O—R11, m) —C(O)—N(R11)-R12, n) —N(R11)-R12, or p) —O—SO2—R13, R5 is a) —(C1-C4)-alkyl, wherein alkyl is unsubstituted or substituted one, two or three times by R13, b) F, Cl or Br, c) naphthyl, wherein naphthyl is unsubstituted or substituted one, two or three times by R13, d) phenyl, wherein phenyl is unsubstituted or substituted one, two or three times by R13, e) —(C5-C14)-heteroaryl, wherein heteroaryl is as defined above, f) —(C3-C6)-cycloalkyl, g) —O—(C1-C4)-alkyl, h) —CN, i) —OH, j) —C(O)—R10, k) —C(O)—R11, l) —C(O)—N(R11)-R12, m) ���N(R11)-R12, or n) —O—SO2—R13, R10 is hydrogen atom or —(C1-C4)-alkyl, R11 and R12 are independently of one another identical or different and are hydrogen atom or —(C1-C4)-alkyl, wherein alkyl is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted independently of one another by R13, R13 is F, Cl, —CN, —OH, —(C1-C4)-alkoxy, —CF3 or phenyl, wherein phenyl is unsubstituted or mono-, di- or trisubstituted independently of one another by R14, R14 is F, Cl, —OH, —CN, —CF3, —(C1-C4)-alkyl or —(C1-C4)-alkoxy, said process comprises reacting a compound of formula II wherein R0, R1, R2, R3, R4, A1, A2, A3, A4 and Q are as defined in formula I and X is Cl, Br, I or tosylate, with a compound of formula III or any salts thereof, wherein J and R5 are as defined in formula I, in the presence of a transition metal catalyst selected from the group Pd-halides, Pd-halide complexes, Pd-phosphine complexes and Pd-alkene complexes to give a compound of formula I and optionally the compound of formula I is converted to its physiologically tolerated salt; wherein the compounds of formula I prepared are selected from the group consisting of: 3-Benzyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; 2-Phenyl-3-pyridin-2-ylmethyl-2H-indazole; 2-Phenyl-3-(4-trifluoromethyl-benzyl)-2H-indazole; 2-Phenyl-3-(4-methoxy-benzyl)-2H-indazole; 3-(6-Methoxy-naphthalen-2-ylmethyl)-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; N,N-Diisopropyl-2-(2-phenyl-2H-indazol-3-yl)-acetamide; (2-Phenyl-2H-indazol-3-yl)-acetic acid tert-butyl ester; 3-(2,2-Diethoxy-ethyl)-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; 3-(2,2-Dimethyl-propyl)-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; 3-Hexyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; 3-Cyclopropylmethyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole-6-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester; 3-Benzyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole-6-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester; 3-Cyclopentylmethyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole-6-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester; Diethyl-[2-(2-phenyl-2H-indazol-3-yl)-ethyl]-amine; 2-Phenyl-3-[2-(tetrahydro-pyran-2-yloxy)-ethyl]-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-2-phenyl-5-trifluoromethyl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-6-fluoro-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-4-methyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-6-methoxy-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-5-methoxy-2-phenyl-2H-indazole; Toluene-4-sulfonic acid 3-benzyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazol-6-yl ester; 3-Benzyl-2-phenyl-2H-indazole-5-carboxylic acid; 3-Benzyl-2-phenyl-2H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine; 3-Benzyl-2-(4-methoxy-phenyl)-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-2-(4-fluoro-phenyl)-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-2-(2-fluoro-phenyl)-2H-indazole; 4-(3-Benzyl-indazol-2-yl)-benzonitrile; 3-Benzyl-2-naphthalen-1-yl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-2-pyridin-4-yl-2H-indazole; 4-(3-Benzyl-indazol-2-yl)-quinoline; 3-Benzyl-2-pyridin-4-yl-2H-indazole-6-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester; 3-Cyclopropylmethyl-2-pyridin-4-yl-2H-indazole-6-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester; 3-Benzyl-2-methyl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-2-phenethyl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-2-isopropyl-2H-indazole; 3-Benzyl-2-cyclohexyl-2H-indazole and 3-Benzyl-2-thiophen-2-ylmethyl-2H-indazole-6-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester.","label":"Catalyst","id":2099} +{"sentence":"Supertransparent high impact strength random block copolymerA high impact strength random block copolymer including (a) about 65-97 wt. % of a crystalline propylene\/ethylene copolymer A containing from about 0.5 wt. % to about 6 wt. % derived from ethylene and from about 94 wt. % to about 99.5 wt. % derived from propylene, and (b) about 3-35 wt. % of a propylene\/ethylene copolymer B containing from about 8 wt. % to about 40 wt % derived from ethylene and from about 60 wt % to about 92 wt. % derived from propylene. The crystalline to amorphous ratio Lc\/La of the random block copolymer ranges from about 1.00 to about 2.25. The random block copolymer is characterized by both high toughness and low haze.1. A method of making a random block copolymer comprising: a) introducing into a first reaction zone a polymerization catalyst and a first feed containing from about 0.5 parts by weight to about 6 parts by weight of ethylene and from about 94 parts by weight to about 99.5 parts by weight propylene; b) copolymerizing the ethylene and propylene under first polymerization reaction conditions to provide a copolymer A with active catalyst embedded therein; c) introducing the copolymer A into a second reaction zone; d) introducing to the second reaction zone a second feed containing from about 8 parts by weight to about 40 parts by weight of ethylene and from about 60 parts by weight to about 92 parts by weight propylene; e) copolymerizing the ethylene and propylene of the second feed to provide a copolymer B wherein the copolymer B is copolymerized with the copolymer A under second polymerization reaction conditions and in such proportion as to provide a random block copolymer containing from about 75 wt. % to about 95 wt. % blocks of copolymer A and about 5 wt. % to about 25 wt. % blocks of copolymer B.","label":"HouseConst","id":2100} +{"sentence":"Composite caustic silica gel manufacturing method and gels made therebyNew silica gel materials and novel methods of producing such are provided. The method itself entails a manner of mixing the reactants together in a one-pot process such that the time required for aging is reduced without compromising the ability to target pore size production. In such a way, the pH of the reaction drives pore size development, thereby permitting a more efficient process to be followed in terms of expensive drying\/heating steps being reduced timewise, if not altogether. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the resultant gel materials exhibit a certain pore size minimum while simultaneously exhibiting a degree of softness heretofore unavailable. As such, not only is this novel method more efficient in silica gel manufacture, but the resultant materials are completely novel as well. The gel materials made therefrom may be utilized in a variety of different end uses, such as cooking oil filtration, soft skin cleansers, dental abrasives, and the like. Methods of production and use, as well as the novel gel materials themselves, particularly caustic and composite gels, are thus encompassed within this invention.1. A caustic composite silica gel of pH greater than 7.0 exhibiting a pore volume of at least 1.00 cc\/g and a surface area of at least 350 m2\/g.","label":"IndustConst","id":2101} +{"sentence":"Propylene polymer, propylene copolymer, and propylene elastomer prepared using novel bridged indenyl containing metallocenesThe novel transition metal compound of the invention is represented by the following formula (I): wherein M is a transition metal; R1and R2are each a hydrogen atom, a hydrocarbon group or the like; R3is an alkyl group of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; R4is an alkyl group of 2 to 20 carbon atoms; X1and X2are each a halogen atom or the like; and Y is a divalent hydrocarbon group, a divalent silicon-containing group or the like. The transition metal compound is useful for an olefin polymerization catalyst with which a propylene (co)polymer having specific structure is prepared.1. A propylene polymer having such properties that: (a) a triad tacticity of three propylene units-chain consisting of head-to-tail bonds, as measured by13C-NMR, is 90.0% to 98.0%; (b) a proportion of inversely inserted units based on the 2,1-insertion of a propylene monomer is all propylene insertions, as measured by13C-NMR, is 0.7 to 2.0%, and a proportion of inversely inserted units based on 1,3-insertion of a propylene monomer, as measured by13C-NMR, is not more than 0.05%; and (c) an intrinsic viscosity, as measured in decanhydro-naphthalene at 135° C., is in the range of 1.0 to 12 dl\/g.","label":"Construct","id":2102} +{"sentence":"Method and apparatus for identifying documents using a handheld deviceA method and apparatus for sending information to a data processing apparatus for identifying a document to share with a recipient. A handheld device is capable of communicating with the data processing apparatus. Human-readable information is captured from the document and stored in the handheld device as document data. A communications path is established between the handheld device and the data processing apparatus. The document data is sent to the data processing apparatus through the communications path. Reference documents are provided. Each reference document has reference data stored in a memory. At least a portion of the received document data is extracted as scanning data. The reference data is retrieved from the memory. The scanning data is compared with the reference data. When the scanning data matches at least a portion of the reference data of one of the reference documents, the one reference document is selected as the identified document for forwarding to the recipient.1. A method comprising: storing a plurality of reference documents in a memory device, including storing reference data for each reference document of the plurality of reference documents, wherein the reference data comprises data representing human-readable content from an associated reference document of the plurality of reference documents; receiving over a wireless connection, document data at a data processing system from a handheld device, wherein the document data corresponds to content of one of the reference documents of the plurality of reference documents, and wherein the document data comprises data captured from human-readable content in a document when scanned by the handheld device, wherein the human-readable content comprises originally published content of the document; extracting at least a portion of the received document data as scanning data, wherein the scanning data comprises data representing human-readable content from the document; retrieving from the memory device the reference data for at least one reference document of the plurality of reference documents; comparing the scanning data with the retrieved reference data, wherein comparing comprises a comparison of (a) the scanning data corresponding to the human-readable content of the document, and (b) the retrieved reference data for the at least one reference document of the plurality of reference documents comprising human-readable content of the at least one reference document as originally published; and identifying, when the step of comparing the scanning data with the retrieved reference data indicates the scanning data matches at least a portion of the retrieved reference data, one or more reference documents associated with said matched reference data as the reference documents corresponding to the document data received from the handheld device.","label":"Automobile","id":2103} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbent polymer particles with a higher permeability by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solutionA process for preparing water-absorbing polymer beads with high permeability by polymerizing droplets of a monomer solution in a gas phase surrounding the droplets, wherein a water-insoluble inorganic salt is suspended in the monomer solution and the polymer beads have a mean diameter of at least 150 μm.1. Water-absorbing polymer beads comprising at least partly polymerized ethylenically unsaturated acid-bearing monomers and having a mean sphericity of at least 0.84, a content of hydrophobic solvents of less than 0.005%, by weight, having a centrifuge retention capacity of at least 30 g\/g, and a permeability of at least 5×10−7to 35×10−7cm3s\/g, and which comprise at least 0.5% to 5%, by weight, based on the ethylenically unsaturated acid-bearing monomers, of calcium sulfate or calcium phosphate, wherein the calcium sulfate or calcium phosphate is added to a solution comprising the ethylenically unsaturated acid monomers used for the polymerization.","label":"Household","id":2104} +{"sentence":"PlasticizerThe liquid volume resistivity of plasticiser esters is improved by purifying the ester with an adsorbent having a pH in the range 6 to 11. It is preferable to use a mixture of a filtration aid and an adsorbent. A plasticiser having a desirable combination of high liquid volume resistivity, low amount of light ends and low carbonyl number is obtained.1 . A process for the production of a plasticiser ester consisting essentially of: (i) esterifying an acid or an anhydride with an alcohol containing from 6 to 13 carbon atoms to form a crude ester; (ii) treating the crude ester with a base to form a treated ester; (iii) filtering the treated ester to separate a liquid product; (iv) stripping the liquid product to form a stripped material; (v) treating the stripped material with an adsorbent; and (vi) filtering the product of step (v), optionally in the presence of a filter aid, to remove the adsorbent from the plasticiser ester.","label":"HouseConst","id":2105} +{"sentence":"CONJUGATED DIENE POLYMER PRODUCTION METHOD, AND CONJUGATED DIENE POLYMER COMPOSITION PRODUCTION METHODA method for producing a conjugated diene-based polymer is provided, in which compounds of formulas (2) and (3) and a conjugated diene compound are polymerized using a compound of formula (1), and then a compound containing a nitrogen atom and\/or a silicon atom is reacted with an active end of the polymer formed via the polymerization, R11represents a hydrocarbylene group, R12and R13each represent an optionally substituted hydrocarbyl group or a trihydrocarbylsilyl group, or R12is bonded to R3and the group in which R12is bonded to R13represents a hydrocarbylene group optionally having a nitrogen and\/or oxygen atom, —Si(R14)2—(CH2)x—Si(R14)2—, or —Si(R15)2—(CH2)y−, and M represents an alkali metal atom, E2-A2  (2) E3-A3  (3) E2and E3each represent a hydrocarbyl group having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, A2represents a substituted amino group or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, and A3represents a substituted silyl group.1 . A method for producing a conjugated diene-based polymer, comprising polymerizing monomer components including a compound represented by the following formula (2), a compound represented by the following formula (3) and a conjugated diene compound using a compound represented by the following formula (1), and then reacting a compound containing a nitrogen atom and\/or a silicon atom to an active end of the polymer formed via the polymerization, in formula (1), R11represents a hydrocarbylene group having 6 to 100 carbon atoms, R12and R13each represent a hydrocarbyl group that optionally has a substituent or a trihydrocarbylsilyl group, or R12is bonded to R13and the group in which R12is bonded to R13represents a hydrocarbylene group optionally having a nitrogen atom and\/or an oxygen atom as a hetero atom, a group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms represented by —Si(R14)2—(CH2)x—Si(R14)2—(R14represents a hydrocarbyl group, and x represents an integer of 1 to 10), a group having 4 to 20 carbon atoms represented by —Si(R15)2—(CH2)y— (R15represents a hydrocarbyl group, and y represents an integer of 2 to 11), and M represents an alkali metal atom, E2-A2  (2) wherein E2represents a hydrocarbyl group having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and A2represents a substituted amino group or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic group, E3-A3  (3) wherein E3represents a hydrocarbyl group having a polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond, and A3represents a substituted silyl group.","label":"Automobile","id":2106} +{"sentence":"Conditioned colloidal silica post impregnant to prevent binder migrationThe invention comprises the process for making an inorganic refractory insulation article by forming a fiber mat from a fiber slurry, impregnating the mat with a conditioned colloidal silica composition comprising colloidal silica, acid, aluminum chlorhydrate and water and drying the mat to form the article. The invention further comprises an inorganic refractory insulation article comprising randomly oriented refractory fibers retained by dried colloidal silica uniformly distributed throughout the article and from about 0.001 to about 1.5 weight percent of aluminum chlorhydrate which article is manufactured in accordance with the process.1. A process for forming a refractory fiber article comprising placing a refractory fiber slurry into a mold and draining liquid therefrom; impregnating the resulting fiber article with a conditioned colloidal silica composition comprising colloidal silica, acid and a multivalent cation containing gelling compound; applying a differential pressure through said article, waiting for the conditioned colloidal silica composition to gel and drying the resulting fiber article.","label":"IndustConst","id":2107} +{"sentence":"Column treating process and apparatus thereofThe present invention provides a column treating method by use of a distillation column and so on, which method enables to effectively remove solid impurities such as precipitates and polymers contained or produced in a treating fluid, and to thereby stably operate the column treatment. Solid impurities in a treating fluid can be removed by carrying out: step (a) of drawing out the treating fluid from a drawing out outlet ( 16 ) at the column bottom of the treatment column ( 10 ) outside the treatment column ( 10 ), step (b) of removing solid impurities from the treating fluid, drawn out in step (a), by a strainer ( 40 ), and step (c) of returning the treating fluid, from which the solid impurities are removed in step (b), to a returning inlet ( 18 ) of the treatment column, with advancing physical and\/or chemical treatment of the treating fluid in the treatment column ( 10 ).1. A distillation process for an easily polymerizable compound in a distillation column, fluid circulating route and filtrating device, wherein the distillation column comprises a lower portion and an upper portion, an inlet for introducing a fluid to the distillation column, and a taking out outlet for taking a portion of the fluid after treatment out from the upper portion of the distillation column, wherein the fluid circulating route is in communication with the lower portion of the distillation column, wherein the fluid circulating route draws fluid from one part of the lower portion of the distillation column and returns said fluid, from which solid impurities have been removed, to another part of the lower portion of the distillation column, and wherein the filtrating device is in the fluid circulating route, wherein the distillation process comprises the steps of: a) purifying the fluid in the distillation column, wherein the fluid comprises an easily polymerizable compound, wherein the easily polymerizable compound is (meth)acrylic acid or (meth)acrylic acid ester, wherein the fluid that has been purified is taken out from said taking out outlet or is drawn out from said one part of the lower portion of the distillation column; b) drawing out a fluid portion including solid impurities directly from said one part of the lower portion of the distillation column into the fluid circulating route, wherein the solid impurities comprise polymers formed in the distillation column by a polymerization of the easily polymerizable compound; c) removing solid impurities, including polymers formed in the distillation column by a polymerization of the easily polymerizable compound, from said fluid portion in the fluid circulating route with the filtrating device; d) returning said fluid portion, from which said solid impurities have been removed, via the fluid circulating route back to said another part of the lower portion of the distillation column; and e) conducting the steps of purifying, drawing, removing and returning continuously.","label":"Process","id":2108} +{"sentence":"Aminopolycarboxylic acids useful as processing aids in the manufacture of superabsorbentsDescribed is the production of water-absorbing polymeric particles by polymerizing a monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomer which is optionally at least partly present as salt, b) at least one crosslinker and c) at least one initiator, wherein the process further comprises drying the resulting polymer and also optionally grinding the dried polymer and sieving the ground polymer and also optionally surface-postcrosslinking the dried and possibly ground and sieved polymer, and wherein the polymerization is carried out in the presence of aminopolycarboxylic acids and\/or salts thereof, in particular in the presence of ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid and\/or a salt thereof.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymeric particles by polymerizing a monomer solution or suspension consisting of a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated acid-functional monomer which is optionally present at least partly in salt form, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one initiator, d) one or more ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with the monomers mentioned under a), e) one or more water-soluble polymers, f) water, g) additives and\/or active substances, wherein said process further comprises drying the polymer obtained, and grinding the dried polymer and sieving the ground polymer, and surface-postcrosslinking the dried, and ground and sieved polymer, and aftertreating the surface-postcrosslinked polymer with at least one aftertreating agent, wherein the polymerization is carried out in the presence of a chelating agent comprising ethylenediaminedisuccinic acid and\/or salts thereof and in a kneader, wherein the addition of the chelating agent is to the monomer solution or suspension before the polymerization and\/or the addition of the chelating agent is to the contents of the kneader during the polymerization, wherein the chelating agent is added to the monomer solution or suspension in an overall amount of at least 5 ppm based on the amount of unneutralized monomer; wherein the chelating agent controls the polymerization kinetics; and wherein the resulting water-absorbing polymeric particles have an absorption under pressure of 49.2 g\/cm2(0.7 psi) of at least 22 g\/g, as determined according to EDANA Method No. WSP 241.3-10.","label":"Household","id":2109} +{"sentence":"Polypropylene for foam and polypropylene foamThe present invention is concerned with a polypropylene composition comprising a polypropylene base resin, the polypropylene composition having—a XHU content of less than 1.25 wt. %;—a F30 melt strength of at least 30 cN, determined in the Rheotens test at 200° C.; and—a melt extensibility v30 of at least 200 m\/s, determined in the Rheotens test at 200° C. In another aspect the present invention is concerned with a polypropylene composition having an MFR (2.16 kg, 230° C., ISO 1133) of 1.0 to 5.0 g\/10 min comprising a polypropylene base resin, the polypropylene base resin being obtainable by producing an intermediate polypropylene having an MFR (2.16 kg, 230° C., ISO 1133) of 0.5 to 2.5 g\/10 min in the presence of an asymmetric catalyst; mixing the intermediate polypropylene with peroxide and at least one diene at a temperature of 20 to 90° C. for at least 2 minutes to form a pre-mixed material; melt mixing the pre-mixed material in a melt mixing device at a barrel temperature in the range of 180 to 300° C., whereby the melt mixing device is a melt mixing device includes a feed zone, a kneading zone and a die zone, whereby an initial barrel temperature T1 is maintained in the feed zone, a barrel temperature T2 is maintained in the kneading zone and a die barrel temperature T3 is maintained in the die zone, whereby the barrel temperatures T1, T2, and T3 satisfy the following relation: T13.1 . A process for the production of an aerogel material with a porosity of at least 0.55 and an average pore size of 10 nm to 500 nm, comprising the following steps: a) preparing and optionally activating a sol; b) filling the sol into a casting mold; c) gelling the sol, whereby a gel is produced, and subsequently aging the gel; at least one of the following steps d) and e) d) exchanging the pore liquid with a solvent e) chemically modifying the aged and optionally solvent-exchanged gel using a reacting agent; followed by f) drying the gel, whereby the aerogel material is formed; characterized in that the casting mold used in step b) is provided with a plurality of channel-forming elements, which are configured such that, along a specified minimum length L defined in the channel direction of the elements, every location of the sol filled into the casting mold has a maximum distance X from a channel-forming element fulfilling the provision that X≦15 mm and L\/X>3.","label":"IndustConst","id":2123} +{"sentence":"Hydroxyaryl functionalized polymersA functionalized polymer includes the reaction product of a reactive polymer and a compound that includes an aryl group having at least one directly bonded OGp substituent, where Gp is a protecting group, and a substituent (Q) which is free of active hydrogen atoms and which is, or connects to the aryl group through, a moiety that includes a carbon-to-nitrogen multiple bond. The polymer can be provided from a solution that includes one or more types of ethylenically unsaturated monomers which include at least one type of polyene, particularly one or more conjugated dienes in certain embodiments. An active terminus of the resulting reactive polymer can react with the Q substituent of the compound so as to provide a polymer having as a terminal functionality the radical of a compound that includes an aryl group having at least one directly bonded OGp substituent.1. A process of providing a functionalized polymer comprising allowing a terminally active polymer to react with a compound comprising an aryl group that comprises at least one directly bonded OGp substituent, where Gp is a protecting group selected from trihydrocarbylsilyl, benzyl, t-butyl, alkoxyalkyl, tetrahydropyranyl, allyl, sulfonamide, and pivalates, and a second type of substituent, said second type of substituent being free of active hydrogen atoms and being, or connecting to said aryl group through, a moiety that comprises a carbon-to-nitrogen multiple bond, said reaction of said compound with said polymer occurring through said second type of substituent, thereby providing said functionalized polymer.","label":"Automobile","id":2124} +{"sentence":"Plastisol composition and container closure gasket made therefromA plastisol composition containing as the resin component a copolymer of a normal α-olefin and maleic anhydride (1:1 mole ratio) having the structure WHEREIN B is a member of the group consisting of and the hydrolysis product thereof, R is H or CxH2x+1,x is 1 to 16 and n is 2-300, and a plasticizer for said resin component. The plastisol when fluxed can be used as a closure gasket for containers.1. A plastisol composition comprising (a) a copolymer resin of a normal α-olefin and maleic anhydride (1:1 mole ratio) having a particle size in the range from about 0.1 to about 1500 microns and having the structure wherein B is a member of the group consisting of and R is H or CxH2x+1,x is 1 to 16 and n is 2-300, and (b) 65-600 parts\/100 parts copolymer of an amine plasticizer having the formula R's--(NH2)x wherein x is at least one and R's is an organic moiety having an aromatic, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic, heterocyclic or a combination of aromatic and aliphatic groups therein.","label":"HouseConst","id":2125} +{"sentence":"Hydrophobic aerogel materialsThe present disclosure provides an aerogel composition which is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which also has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Also provided is a method of preparing an aerogel composition which is durable and easy to handle, which has favorable performance in aqueous environments, and which has favorable combustion and self-heating properties. Further provided is a method of improving the hydrophobicity, the liquid water uptake, the heat of combustion, or the onset of thermal decomposition temperature of an aerogel composition.1. A reinforced aerogel composition comprising a silica-based framework, a reinforcement material, and at least one hydrophobic-bound silicon; wherein the reinforced aerogel composition has the following properties: i) a liquid water uptake of 40 wt % or less; ii) an onset of thermal decomposition of hydrophobic organic materials of 515° C. or higher; iii) a heat of combustion of 717 cal\/g or less; and iv) a thermal conductivity of 40 mW\/M*K or less.","label":"IndustConst","id":2126} +{"sentence":"Method of producing polyacrylic acid (salt) water-absorbent resinA method of producing a water-absorbent resin of the present invention reduces amounts of a residual cross-linking agent and a residual surfactant, achieves high productivity, and improves physical properties of the resultant water-absorbent, such as absorption capacity, extractable polymer content, powder friction, and gel crushability. The method includes the steps of: polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution containing as a major component an acrylic acid monomer in the presence of a cross-linking agent; and drying the resultant polymer by heating, in which the cross-linking agent is a multifunctional (meth)acrylate cross-linking agent having polyethylene glycol structural units including a total of 6 to 200 ethylene oxide repeating units, and the aqueous monomer solution includes a mono(meth)acrylate compound having polyethylene glycol structural units in an amount of 0.1 to 30% by weight relative to an amount of the multifunctional (meth)acrylate cross-linking agent.1. A method of producing a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water-absorbent resin, comprising the steps of: (a) neutralizing an acid moiety derived from an acrylic acid monomer, (b) polymerizing an aqueous monomer solution containing the acrylic acid monomer in an amount of 90 mol % or more relative to the total monomers excluding a cross-linking agent in the presence of a cross-linking agent, and (c) drying the resultant polymer by heating; wherein the aqueous monomer solution comprises the acrylic acid monomer, the cross-linking agent and a mono(meth)acrylate compound; wherein the cross-linking agent comprises a multifunctional (meth)acrylate-based cross-linking agent (i) having polyethylene glycol structural units including a total of 6 to 200 ethylene oxide repeating units and (ii) in an amount of 1.0×10−3to 1.0 mol % relative to the amount of the acrylic acid monomer; wherein the mono(meth)acrylate compound has polyethylene glycol structural units; wherein the amount of the mono(meth)acrylate compound having polyethylene glycol structural units is 1.0×10−5to 0.5 mol % relative to the amount of the acrylic acid monomer; and wherein ratio of the mono(meth)acrylate compound having polyethylene glycol units is 0.5 to 11.8 mol % relative to the amount of the multifunctional (meth)acrylate-based cross-linking agent having polyethylene glycol structural units including a total of 6 to 200 ethylene oxide repeating units; and the surface tension of water absorbent resin obtained is from 55 mN\/m to 85 mN\/m.","label":"Household","id":2127} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymers, method of making, and use thereofThe present invention is directed to PE-100 ethylene copolymers and pipe made thereof having a Tabor abrasion between about 0.01 and about 0.001 grams lost\/1000 revolutions. These copolymers are formed by contacting ethylene with at least one mono-1-olefin comonomer having from 2 to about 10 carbon atoms per molecule in a reaction zone under polymerization conditions in the presence of a hydrocarbon diluent, a catalyst system, and a cocatalyst. Additionally, the comonomers may be selected from mono-1-olefins having 4 to 10 carbon atoms, such as, 1-hexene, 1-butene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-octene, and 1-decene. Further, these ethylene copolymers may be employed to produce PE-100 pipe having both small diameters and diameters in excess of 42 inches substantially without sagging or other gravitational deformation. Copolymers of ethylene and 1-hexene are disclosed which are used to produce PE-100 pipe.1. A composition comprising a copolymer of ethylene and 1-hexene having a Tabor abrasion between about 0.01 and about 0.001 grams lost\/1000 revolutions; wherein the copolymer has a molecular weight distribution of at least about 50; and wherein the copolymer is produced from a catalyst system comprising aluminophosphate having a P\/Al molar ratio in the range of 0.03 to about 0.28.","label":"HouseConst","id":2128} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-α-olefin copolymer and olefin resin composition[Problem] To provide an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having high mechanical strength and good molding properties. [Solution] Provided is an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer having a specific MFR, a specific density, and a specific molecular weight distribution, containing a suitable amount of a long-chain branching structure characterized by a branching index, and having a specific composition distribution structure characterized by solvent fractionation behavior.1. An ethylene-α-olefin copolymer satisfying the following conditions (1) to (3) and (5) to (7): (1) the copolymer has a MFR of 0.001 to 20 g\/10 minutes; (2) the copolymer has a density of 0.895 g\/cm3to 0.960 g\/cm3; (3) the copolymer has a molecular weight distribution Mw\/Mn of 4.0 to 10.0 as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC); (5) the copolymer has a minimum branching index (gc) of 0.40 to 0.85 as measured for branching index g′ in the molecular weight range of 100,000 to 1,000,000 with a GPC measurement system comprising a combination of a differential refractometer, a viscosity detector, and a light scattering detector; (6) the copolymer has a content (X) of components of more than 15% by weight but not more than 70% by weight, wherein the components are components eluted at 85° C. or higher by temperature rising elution fractionation (TREF); and (7) the copolymer has a sum (W2+W3) of a content (W2) and a content (W3) of more than 45% by weight but less than 80% by weight, wherein W2 is a content of components with molecular weights equal to or more than a weight average molecular weight in components eluted at temperatures equal to or lower than a temperature where an eluted amount determined from an integral elution curve measured by cross fractionation chromatography (CFC) is 50 wt % and W3 is a content of components with molecular weights less than the weight average molecular weight in components eluted at temperatures higher than the temperature where the eluted amount determined from the integral elution curve is 50 wt %.","label":"Construct","id":2129} +{"sentence":"Ethylene-based polymer, polyethylene-based resin composition and use thereof, catalyst component for olefin polymerization, olefin polymerization catalyst containing the component, and method for producing ethylene-based polymer by using the catalystAn object of the present invention is to provide a polyethylene-based resin composition excellent in the moldability and at the same time, excellent in the balance between impact strength and stiffness as well as in the transparency, and a molded product and a film, which are obtained by the molding of the polyethylene-based resin composition. The polyethylene-based resin composition of the present invention comprises from 41 to 99 wt % of (A) an ethylene-based polymer satisfying specific conditions and from 1 to 59 wt % of (B) an ethylene-based polymer satisfying specific conditions, wherein MFR of the composition as a whole is from 0.05 to 50 g\/10 min and the density is from 0.910 to 0.960 g\/cm3.1. A polyethylene-based resin composition, comprising: (A) from 41 to 99 wt % of an ethylene-based polymer (A) satisfying the following condition (A-1) to condition (A-4); and (B) from 1 to 59 wt % of an ethylene-based polymer (B) satisfying the following condition (B-1) to condition (B-6), wherein: MFR of the composition as a whole is from 0.05 to 50 g\/10 min and the density is from 0.910 to 0.960 g\/cm3; conditions of ethylene-based polymer (A): (A-1) MFRA=0.3 to 100 g\/10 min measured under conditions of 190° C. and a load of 21.18 N (2.16 kg) in accordance with JIS K7210, (A-2) DensityA=0.915 to 0.970 g\/cm3, (A-3) [Mw\/Mn]A=2.0 to 10.0, and (A-4) in a double logarithmic plot of elongation viscosity η(t) (unit: Pa·sec) and elongation time t (unit: sec) measured at a temperature of 170° C. and an elongation strain rate of 2 (unit: 1\/sec), assuming that the maximum elongation viscosity after strain hardening is ηA;max(t1) and the approximate straight line of the elongation viscosity before hardening is ηA;Linear(t), the degree of strain hardening [λmax(2.0)]A defined by ηA;max(t1)\/ηA;Linear(t1) is from 1.0 to 2.0; conditions of ethylene-based polymer (B): (B-1) MFRB=0.01 to 1.5 g\/10 min and 100>MFRA\/MFRB>1.0 min measured under conditions of 190° C. and a load of 21.18 N (2.16 kg) in accordance with JIS K7210, (B-2) DensityB=0.880 to 0.940 g\/cm3, (B-3) [Mw\/Mn]B=2.0 to 10.0, (B-4) [λmax(2.0)]B defined in the same manner as in the condition (A-4) is from 1.2 to 20.0 and 20>[λmax(2.0)]B\/[λmax(2.0)]A>1.0, (B-5) the ratio [λmax(2.0)]B\/[λmax(0.1)]B of [λmax(2.0)]B defined in the same manner as in the condition (A-4) and [λmax(0.1)]B measured similarly by setting the elongation strain rate to 0.1 (unit: 1\/sec) is from 1.2 to 10.0, and (B-6) the polymer is produced by an ethylene polymerization reaction in the presence of a transition metal-containing catalyst.","label":"HouseConst","id":2130} +{"sentence":"Multimodal polymerA multimodal ethylene copolymer with a density of at least 940 kg\/m3having an MFR21 in the range of 1 to 30 g\/10 min and a Fmax\/λI ratio of less than 60 cN\/s; said ethylene copolymer comprising at least three components (I) an ethylene and optionally at least one C3-20 alpha olefin comonomer component forming 30 to 60 wt % of said ethylene copolymer; (II) an ethylene and optionally at least one C3-20 alpha olefin comonomer second component forming 30 to 60 wt % of said ethylene copolymer: and (III) an ethylene and optionally at least one C3-20 alpha olefin comonomer third component forming 3 to 20 wt % of said ethylene copolymer; wherein at least one of components (II) or (III) is a copolymer.1. A multimodal ethylene copolymer with a density of at least 940 kg\/m3having an MFR21 in the range of 1 to 30 g\/10 min and a Fmax\/λI ratio of less than 60 cN\/s; said ethylene copolymer comprising at least three components (I) an ethylene and optionally at least one C3-20 alpha olefin comonomer component forming 30 to 60 wt % of said ethylene copolymer; (II) an ethylene and optionally at least one C3-20 alpha olefin comonomer second component forming 30 to 60 wt % of said ethylene copolymer; and (III) an ethylene and optionally at least one C3-20 alpha olefin comonomer third component forming 3 to 20 wt % of said ethylene copolymer; wherein at least one of components (II) or (III) is a copolymer.","label":"HouseConst","id":2131} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent polymersSuperabsorbent, high gel strength\/short gel time acrylic polymers, well suited for the production of items of feminine hygiene\/adult incontinence, are prepared by (a) inversely suspending an aqueous acrylic monomer phase in an organic solvent in the presence of an emulsifying agent having an HLB of from 8 to 12, the aqueous monomer phase also comprising a crosslinking agent therefor, (b) polymerizing the inverse suspension of acrylic monomer into a polymer gel, (c) absorbing a second charge of acrylic monomer into the polymer gel thus attained, the ratio of the amount of the second monomer charge to the amount of monomer in the beginning aqueous phase ranging from 1 to 1.2, (d) introducing a surfactant having an HLB of from 2 to 5 into the medium of polymerization, and (e) polymerizing the second monomer charge within the polymer gel.1. A process for the preparation of a superabsorbent acrylic polymer having (i) a gelling time ranging from 15 to 40 seconds, (ii) a gel strength of more than 2,800 Pascals, (iii) capillary action\/suction under 2 kPa of more than 30 ml\/g. (iv) capillary action\/suction under 5 kPa of more than 20 ml\/g, (v) an absorption capacity in excess of 50 g\/g, (iv) a content of extractables of less than 10%, (vii) a content of fines of less than 10%, and (viii) a retention of greater than 28 g\/g, which comprises (a) inversely suspending an aqueous acrylic monomer phase in an organic solvent in the presence of an emulsifying agent having an HLB of from 8 to 12, said aqueous monomer phase also comprising a crosslinking agent therefor, (b) polymerizing said inverse suspension of acrylic monomer into a polymer gel, (c) absorbing a second charge of acrylic monomer into the polymer gel thus attained, the ratio of the amount of said second monomer charge to the amount of monomer in said beginning aqueous phase ranging from 1 to 1.2, thereafter (d) introducing a surfactant having an HLB of from 2 to 5 into the medium of polymerization, and subsequently (e) polymerizing said second monomer charge within said polymer gel.","label":"Household","id":2132} +{"sentence":"Catalyst compositions for trimerizing organic isocyanatesDisclosed are novel compositions capable of catalytically trimerizing organic isocyanates said compositions comprising solutions of the reaction products obtained by reacting in an inert solvent in substantially equimolar proportions electron-rich ketene-aminals with electron-poor olefins having the respective formulae (I) and (II) The variously substituted electron-rich ketene-aminals (I), as the name implies, have high electron density associated with the double bond because of the two tertiary amine groups while the electron-poor olefins (II) have the opposite situation due to the presence of electron withdrawing substituents R9and R10. Also disclosed is an improved process for trimerizing organic isocyanates using the above catalyst compositions including the preparation of polyisocyanurate polymers and isocyanurate-modified polyisocyanates.1. A composition capable of catalytically trimerizing an organic isocyanate said composition comprising a solution of the product obtained by reacting at ambient room temperature, in an inert solvent selected from the group consisting of polar aromatic solvents, halogenated aliphatic solvents, dipolar aprotic solvents, aliphatic alcohols, cycloaliphatic alcohols and organic polyols having a molecular weight from about 60 to about 4000, substantially equimolar proportions of a ketene-aminal and an olefin having the respective formulae (I) and (II) wherein R1,R2,R3,and R4when taken separately are independently selected from the group consisting of lower-alkyl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, and, when taken together as R1with R2and R3with R4 with the respective nitrogen atoms to which they are attached represent independently heterocyclic groups having 6 or 7 ring atoms, R5and R6are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower-alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl, R7and R8when taken separately are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, lower-alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, and cycloalkyl, provided that R7and R8are not both hydrogen at the same time, and, R7and R8,when taken together with the carbon atom to which they are attached represent a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 or 6 carbon atoms in the ring, and R9and R10represent the same or different electron withdrawing groups and wherein the combined weight of said (I) and said (II) is from about 5 to about 95 percent by weight in said solvent.","label":"Automobile","id":2133} +{"sentence":"Selective oxidation[none] A process for the selective oxidation of one or more components of a fluid stream comprises contacting the fluid stream with an oxidation catalyst at a selected temperature and providing a source of oxygen. The oxidation catalyst comprises a catalyst substrate which is provided with a substantially continuous coating of a molecular sieve material. The process is applicable to both gas phase and liquid phase selective oxidations.1 . A process for the selective oxidation of one or more components of a fluid stream, the process comprising contacting the fluid stream with an oxidation catalyst at a selected temperature and providing a source of oxygen, wherein the oxidation catalyst comprises a catalyst substrate provided with a substantially continuous coating of a molecular sieve material.","label":"Catalyst","id":2134} +{"sentence":"DeisobutenizerA process for fractionating isobutene from normal butenes, including: introducing hydrogen and a feed stream comprising isobutene, 1-butene, and 2-butene into a first column including a reaction zone containing a hydroisomerization catalyst operating at a first pressure and concurrently: (i) converting at least a portion of the 1-butene to 2-butene, and (ii) separating isobutene from the 2-butene; recovering a first overheads fraction comprising isobutene from the first column; recovering a first bottoms fraction comprising isobutene, 2-butene, and unreacted 1-butene from the first column; introducing the first bottoms fraction into a top portion of a second column comprising a fractionation column operating at a second pressure lower than the first pressure; separating the first bottoms into a second overheads fraction comprising isobutene and 1-butene and a second bottoms fraction comprising 2-butene; compressing the second overheads fraction; and introducing the compressed second overheads fraction to a lower portion of the first column.1. A process for fractionating isobutene from normal butenes, comprising: introducing hydrogen and a feed stream comprising isobutene, 1-butene, and 2-butene into a first column comprising a catalytic distillation reactor system containing at least one reaction zone comprising a hydroisomerization catalyst operating at a first pressure and concurrently: (i) converting at least a portion of the 1-butene to 2-butene; (ii) separating isobutene from the 2-butene via fractional distillation; recovering a first overheads fraction comprising isobutene from the first column; recovering a first bottoms fraction comprising isobutene, 2-butene, and any unreacted 1-butene from the first column; introducing the first bottoms fraction into a top portion of a second column comprising a fractionation column operating at a second pressure lower than the first pressure; separating the first bottoms into a second overheads fraction comprising isobutene and 1-butene and a second bottoms fraction comprising 2-butene; and compressing the second overheads fraction and introducing the compressed second overheads fraction to a lower portion of the first column.","label":"Process","id":2135} +{"sentence":"RUBBER COMPOSITION FOR USE IN TIRES, AND PNEUMATIC TIREThe present invention provides a rubber composition for a tire, which results in both excellent fuel economy and high wet grip performance as well as good abrasion resistance; and a pneumatic tire formed from the rubber composition. The present invention relates to a rubber composition for a tire, the rubber composition containing a modified styrene butadiene rubber formed using a specific nitrogen-containing compound as a monomer, silica, and a specific amount of a diene rubber gel.1 . A rubber composition for a tire, comprising: a rubber component comprising a modified styrene butadiene rubber that contains a constitutional unit derived from a nitrogen-containing compound in a main chain; silica; and a diene rubber gel containing a hydroxy group and having a glass-transition temperature of −40 to −10° C., the diene rubber gel being contained in an amount of 10 to 30 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber component, the nitrogen-containing compound being represented by the following formula: wherein R0represents a hydrogen atom, a C1-C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a C3-C30 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, or a C5-C30 aromatic hydrocarbon group; R1and R2are the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, provided that at least one of R1and R2is not a hydrogen atom; R3represents a hydrogen atom or a C1-C4 hydrocarbon group; X represents a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group optionally containing nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur, and optionally substituted with wherein Z represents a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group optionally containing nitrogen, oxygen, or sulfur; and R4to R7are the same or different and each represent a hydrogen atom, a C1-C30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group, a C3-C30 alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a C5-C30 aromatic hydrocarbon group, or a heterocyclic group having 3 to 30 ring member atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":2136} +{"sentence":"Aerogel containing blanketA process of producing a blanket is described and can involve forming an aqueous slurry of hydrophobic aerogels, fibers, and at least one wetting agent, drying the aqueous slurry to form a substantially dried product, and calendaring the substantially dried product to form the blanket. The blanket can be used in a variety of applications, including windows.1. Hydrophobic aerogels coated with at least one wetting agent contained in water, wherein said at least one wetting agent is present in an amount of from about 0.05 to about 0.5 parts by wt. per each part by wt. of said aerogels, said hydrophobic aerogels have an average particle diameter of from about 0.03 mm to about 1 mm, and said at least one wetting agent is selected from the group consisting of alkyldimethyl amine oxides, alkoxylates polyoxyalkylene fatty ethers, sorbitan esters, mono and diglycerides, polyoxyethylene sorbitol esters, Hypermen polymer surfactants, sodium coco-PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, coamidopropyl PG-dimonium chloride phosphate, phosphate esters, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters, nonionic esters formed by reaction of ethylene oxide and unsaturated fatty acids and heterocyclic resin acids, alcohol ethoxylates, alcohol alkoxylates, ethylene oxide\/propylene oxide block copolymers, and polyoxyethylene derivatives of sorbitan esters, or combinations thereof.","label":"IndustConst","id":2137} +{"sentence":"Polymer blends with ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymersEmbodiments of the invention provide an impact modified composition comprising ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymers. The ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymers are characterized by an average block index, ABI, which is greater than zero and up to about 1.0 and a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.3. In addition or alternatively, the block ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is characterized by having at least one fraction obtained by Temperature Rising Elution Fractionation (\"TREF\"), wherein the fraction has a block index greater than about 0.3 and up to about 1.0 and the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer has a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.4.1. A composition comprising: A) a thermoplastic polymer composition, and B) an impact modifying amount of an ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer comprises hard blocks and soft blocks, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer is characterized by a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, in the range of from about 1.4 to about 2.8 and: (a) has at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship: Tm>−6553.3+13735(d)−7051.7(d)2, or (b) is characterized by a heat of fusion, ΔH in J\/g, and a delta quantity, ΔT, in degrees Celsius, defined as the temperature difference between the tallest DSC peak and the tallest CRYSTAF peak, wherein the numerical values of ΔT and ΔH have the following relationships: ΔT>−0.1299(ΔH)+62.81 for ΔH greater than zero and up to 130 J\/g, ΔT≧48° C. for ΔH greater than 130 J\/g, wherein the CRYSTAF peak is determined using at least 5 percent of the cumulative polymer, and if less than 5 percent of the polymer has an identifiable CRYSTAF peak, then the CRYSTAF temperature is 30° C.; or (c) is characterized by an elastic recovery, Re, in percent at 300 percent strain and 1 cycle measured with a compression-molded film of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, and has a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Re and d satisfy the following relationship when ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer is substantially free of a cross-linked phase: Re>1481-1629(d); or (d) has a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a molar comonomer content of at least 5 percent higher than that of a comparable random ethylene interpolymer fraction eluting between the same temperatures, wherein said comparable random ethylene interpolymer has the same comonomer(s) and has a melt index, density, and molar comonomer content (based on the whole polymer) within 10 percent of that of the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer; or (e) has a storage modulus at 25° C., G′(25° C.), and a storage modulus at 100° C., G′ (100° C.), wherein the ratio of G′ (25° C.) to G′ (100° C.) is in the range of about 1:1 to about 9:1; or (f) is characterized by an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0; wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer is mesophase separated and has domains having a smallest dimension in the range of from about 40 nm to about 300 nm, the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer has a difference in mole percent α-olefin content between the soft block and the hard block of greater than about 18.5 mole percent and the hard segments of the ethylene\/α-olefin block copolymer are present in an amount of from about 10 wt % to about 25 wt %, and the ethylene\/α-olefin block interpolymer is present in an amount of from 5 wt % to 25 wt % based on the total weight of the composition.","label":"HouseConst","id":2138} +{"sentence":"Surface-modified, aerogel-type structured silicaA surface-modified, aerogel-type, structured silica is produced by spraying an aerogel-type, structured silica with a silanizing agent, post-mixing and conditioning. It can be used as a flatting agent.1. An aerogel-type, structured silica, characterized in that it is surface-modified with silanes, silazanes or siloxanes and wherein the aerogel-type, structured silica has a BET surface of from 80 to 450 m2\/g, a bulk density of from 10 to 60 g\/l, a DBP number of from 200 to 400 g\/l\/100 g and a pH of from 6 to 8.","label":"IndustConst","id":2139} +{"sentence":"Metal complex compoundsA monocyclopentadienyl or substituted monocyclopentadienyl metal complex containing compound useful as a polymerization catalyst corresponding to the formula: CpMX n + A − wherein: Cp is an η 5 -substituted cyclopentadienyl group optionally covalently bonded to M through a substituent, said Cp being substituted in at least one occurrence with an alkoxy or aryloxy group; M is a metal of Group 3-10 or the Lanthanide Series of the Periodic Table bound in an ηhu 5 bonding mode to the cyclopentadienyl or substituted cyclopentadienyl group; X each occurrence independently is selected from the group consisting of hydride, halo, alkyl, aryl, silyl, germyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, amide, siloxy, neutral Lewis base ligands and combinations thereof having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms, and optionally one X together with Cp forms a metallocycle with M; R is alkyl or aryl of up to 10 carbons; n is one or two depending on the valence of M; and A is a noncoordinating, compatible anion of a Bronsted acid salt.1. A monocyclopentadienyl metal complex containing compound useful as an olefin polymerization corresponding to the formula: CpMX n + A − , wherein: Cp is a single cyclopentadienyl group substituted with at least one alkoxy or aryloxy group of up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms; M is titanium; X each occurrence is independently selected from the group consisting of hydride, halo, alkyl, aryl, silyl, germyl, aryloxy, alkoxy, amide, siloxy, and combinations thereof having up to 20 non-hydrogen atoms; n is one or two depending on the valence of M; and A − is a noncoordinating, compatible anion of a Bronsted acid salt.","label":"Catalyst","id":2140} +{"sentence":"Process for the Preparation of Butadiene with Removal of Oxygen from C4-Hydrocarbon StreamsA process for preparing butadiene from n-butane by two-step dehydrogenation and removal of the residual oxygen comprised in the gas stream by means of a catalytic combustion stage which is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a monolith which comprises a catalytically inert material having a low BET surface area and a catalyst layer which has been applied to the monolith and comprises an oxidic support material, at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of the noble metals of group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, optionally tin and\/or rhenium, and optionally further metals, where the thickness of the catalyst layer is from 5 to 500 μm, is described.15 . A process for preparing butadiene from n-butane, which comprises the steps A) provision of a feed gas stream a) comprising n-butane; B) introduction of the feed gas stream a) comprising n-butane into at least one first dehydrogenation zone and nonoxidative catalytic dehydrogenation of n-butane to give a gas stream b) comprising n-butane, 1-butene, 2-butenes, butadiene, hydrogen, possibly water vapor, possibly carbon oxides and possibly inert gases; G) introduction of a stream f) which comprises butane, butenes, butadiene and has been obtained from the gas stream b) and of an oxygen-comprising gas into at least one second dehydrogenation zone and oxidative dehydrogenation of 1-butene and 2-butenes to give a gas stream g) comprising n-butane, unreacted 1-butene and 2-butenes, butadiene, water vapor, possibly carbon oxides, possibly hydrogen and possibly inert gases and H) removal of the residual oxygen comprised in the gas stream g) by means of a catalytic combustion stage in which the oxygen is reacted with part or all of the hydrogen d2) which has previously been separated off and\/or additionally introduced hydrogen to give an oxygen-depleted stream h), wherein step H) is carried out in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a monolith which comprises a catalytically inert material having a low BET surface area and a catalyst layer which has been applied to the monolith and comprises an oxidic support material, at least one noble metal selected from the group consisting of the noble metals of group VIII of the Periodic Table of the Elements, optionally tin and\/or rhenium, and optionally further metals, where the thickness of the catalyst layer is from 5 to 500 μm.","label":"Process","id":2141} +{"sentence":"Dry composition based on mineral binder and intended for the preparation of a hardenable wet formulation for the construction industryThe invention relates to a dry composition for the preparation of a wet formulation for the construction industry. The aim of the invention is to provide a dry composition that results in hardened products for the construction industry having an excellent compromise between its lightweight properties and mechanical properties; optimizing the hydration of the binder; and making possible a stable lightweight property without excessive increase in volume. To this end, the composition according to the invention is based on a mineral binder (a) and incorporates at least one SuperAbsorbent Polymer (SAP) (b) and an accelerator component (c), characterized in that it comprises at least one source of aluminum ions and, optionally, (d) a setting retarder, (e) an additional setting accelerator; (f) a water-retaining agent; (g) a filler; (h) a lightweight filler, (i) a water repellent; (j) a coloring agent; (k) fibers; (l) an anti-foaming agent; (m) a redispersible powder resin; (n) a rheological agent; (o) an air-entraining or foaming agent; (p) a gas-generating agent; (q) a fire retardant. The wet formulation obtained by mixing this dry composition with water, the methods for preparing this dry composition and the corresponding wet formulation, the construction products obtained from the wet formulation and the structures produced with these products, are other subjects of the invention.1. A dry composition for preparation of a wet formulation for the construction industry comprising (a) one or more mineral binder(s) component, (b) at least one SuperAbsorbent Polymer SAP and an (c) a setting accelerator component, wherein the mineral binder(s) component and\/or setting accelerator component is a source of aluminium ions; wherein the aluminium ions from the setting accelerator component is selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, aluminum polychlorides, aluminum nitrates and nitrites, aluminum thiocyanate, aluminum citrate, amorphous aluminas, aluminium phosphates, aluminium fluoride salts, aluminium carbonates, sodium aluminates, aluminium sulphate and alum, sodium and potassium salts, soluble aluminium salts and mixtures thereof; wherein the aluminium ions from the mineral binder(s) component comprises calcium aluminate cements (CAC), calcium sulphoaluminate (CSA) cements, and\/or binders having a high content of alumina-rich cementitious phases, comprising at least one phase chosen from C3A, CA, C12A7, C11A7CaF2, C4A3$ (ye'selimite), C2A(1-x)Fx, amorphous hydraulic phases having a molar ratio C\/A anywhere from 0.3 to 15, and such that cumulative Al2O3 contents of said phases comprise 7 to 50% by weight, and wherein C=CaO; A=AI2O3; F=Fe2O3; $=SO4; and, x is any number from 0 to 1.","label":"Household","id":2142} +{"sentence":"Use of tetrafunctional initiators to improve the rubber phase volume of HIPSIt has been discovered that improved polystyrene products, such as high impact polystyrene (HIPS), may be obtained by polymerizing styrene with a diene polymer in the presence of at least one multifunctional initiator. The presence of the multifunctional initiator tends to cause more branched structures in the polystyrene. Unexpectedly, the ratio of % gel to % rubber (G\/R or rubber phase volume) increases as the swell index increases which is the opposite of the conventional trend. Additionally, acceptable G\/R values can be achieved at increased polymerization rates with these initiators.1 . A method for producing an improved copolymerized product comprising: copolymerizing at least one vinylaromatic monomer with at least one diene polymer in the presence of at least one multifunctional initiator selected from the group consisting of trifunctional and tetrafunctional peroxides, and recovering a copolymerized product that has a ratio of % gel to % rubber (G\/R) that increases as swell index increases.","label":"IndustConst","id":2143} +{"sentence":"CATALYST USED FOR RESOURCE UTILIZATION OF A FIXED BED ANILINE DISTILLATION RESIDUE AND METHOD FOR PREPARING SAID CATALYSTThe present invention relates to a catalyst for fixed bed aniline rectification residue recycling and preparation method thereof. Based on the total weight of the catalyst, the catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 5-40% of an active component, 2-30% of a first cocatalyst component, 10-30% of a second cocatalyst component and the balance of carrier, wherein the active component is NiO; the first cocatalyst component is one or more of Fe, Mo, Cr or Co oxide; and the second cocatalyst component is one or more of La, Zr, Y or Ce oxide. The catalyst is prepared through co-precipitation. The catalyst shows high activity and stability in the waste liquid treatment process, and can still maintain high rectification residue cracking rate after reaction of 200 hours.1 . A catalyst for fixed bed aniline rectification residue recycling, wherein said catalyst comprises the components described below based on the total weight of the catalyst: 5-40 wt % of NiO as an active component, 2-30 wt % of one or more selected from oxides of Fe, oxides of Mo, oxides of Cr and oxides of Co as a first cocatalyst component, 10-30 wt % of one or more selected from oxides of La, oxides of Zr, oxides of Y and oxides of Ce as a second cocatalyst component, the remaining portion being the support.","label":"Catalyst","id":2144} +{"sentence":"Process for producing aerogelThere is provided a process for producing an aerogel which comprises lowering a pH of a water glass solution to obtain a sol, gelling the sol to obtain a hydrogel, replacing water in the gel with an organic solvent, reacting the gel with a hydrophobilizing agent having hydrophobic groups as well as functional groups reactive with silanol groups in liquid phase, followed by supercritically drying; or hydrophobilizing and supercritically drying the resultant gel at the same time. Preferably, the hydrogel is prepared by ion exchanging alkali metals in the water glass solution using an ion exchange resin to obtain a sol which is subjected to suspension polymerization.1. A process for producing a transparent aerogel, comprising the steps of a) lowering a pH value of a water glass solution to obtain a sol as a hydrosol, wherein lowering the pH value is performed by: ion exchanging the water glass solution with an ion exchange resin, wherein the ion exchange resin has a ratio of ion-exchangeable hydrogen atoms to a number of moles of alkali metals in the water glass solution (Resin:Sol) of greater or equal to about 1 (Resin:Sol>1 or Resin:Sol=1); b) gelling the sol to obtain a gel as a hydrogel, wherein gelling is performed by suspension polymerizing the sol by adding the sol dropwise to a poor solvent which does not dissolve the gel, and stirring the poor solvent; c) replacing water in the gel with an organic solvent; d) reacting the gel with a hydrophobilizing agent, wherein the hydrophobilizing agent has hydrophobic groups as well as functional groups reactive with liquid phase silanol groups; and e) drying the gel under supercritical conditions.","label":"IndustConst","id":2145} +{"sentence":"Method and system of chemical bath depositionAn apparatus for chemical bath deposition includes a housing defining a chemical tank, a circulation pipe, and at least one flow adjustment device disposed inside the chemical tank. The chemical tank has an opening on a top surface and is configured to accept and hold at least one substrate inside the chemical tank. The circulation pipe has at least one portion inside the chemical tank, and is configured to supply at least one chemical to the chemical tank. The at least one flowing adjustment device includes any one of a turbine, a diffuser and a bubbler, or a combination thereof.1. An apparatus for chemical bath deposition, comprising: a housing defining a chemical tank, the chemical tank having an opening on a top surface and configured to accept and hold at least one substrate therein; a circulation pipe, having at least one horizontal portion inside the chemical tank, and configured to supply at least one chemical to the chemical tank; and at least one flow adjustment device disposed inside the chemical tank, the at least one flowing adjustment device comprising a turbine or a diffuser, wherein the at least one horizontal portion of the circulation pipe inside the chemical tank has a plurality of vent holes configured to provide the chemical from the circulation pipe to the chemical tank; wherein the turbine is a reversible turbine disposed adjacent to one side wall of the chemical tank, the one side wall being a vertical wall.","label":"IndustConst","id":2146} +{"sentence":"Compositions of ethylene\/α-olefin multi-block interpolymer for blown films with high hot tackThe present invention relates to film layers and compositions having improved hot tack properties. The compositions comprise at least one ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer may have, for example, a Mw\/Mn from about 1.7 to about 3.5, at least one melting point, Tm, in degrees Celsius, and a density, d, in grams\/cubic centimeter, wherein the numerical values of Tm and d correspond to the relationship: Tm>−2002.9+4538.5(d)−2422.2(d)2.1. A heat-sealable film layer composition comprising at least one ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer, wherein the ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer comprises at least 60 mole percent ethylene, a molecular weight distribution, Mw\/Mn, greater than about 1.3, and is characterized by one or more of the following: (a) a molecular fraction which elutes between 40° C. and 130° C. when fractionated using TREF, characterized in that the fraction has a block index of at least 0.5 and up to about 1; or (b) an average block index greater than zero and up to about 1.0.","label":"Construct","id":2147} +{"sentence":"Aerogel\/PTFE Composite Insulating MaterialA material comprising aerogel particles and a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) binder is formed having a thermal conductivity of less than or equal to 25 mW\/m K at atmospheric conditions. The material is moldable or formable, having little or no shedding of filler particles, and may be formed into structures such as tapes or composites, for example, by bonding the material between two outer layers. Advantageously, composites may be flexed, stretched, or bent without significant dusting or loss of insulating properties.1 . A method comprising the steps of providing a portable electronic device having at least one heat generating component and an enclosure having a surface, and placing an insulating structure between the heat generating component and the enclosure, thereby preventing or delaying the transfer of heat generated from a heat generating component to at least a portion of the enclosure surface.","label":"IndustConst","id":2148} +{"sentence":"Process for the production of a polyvinyl-chloride (PVC) resinThe present invention relates to a process for the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) having a median grain size of from 10 to 80 μm by suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride, the process comprising the following process steps: (a) introduction of water, initiator(s), optionally one or more further adjuvants, and some of the vinyl chloride into a container as initial charge and mixing of the constituents; (b) dispersion, and addition of one or more suspension auxiliaries with continued dispersion; (c) heating of the mixture; (d) addition of the remaining vinyl chloride; and (e) working-up of the product.1. Process for the production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) having a median particle diameter of from 10 to 80 μm by polymerization of vinyl chloride, characterized in that the process comprises the following process steps: (a) introduction of water, initiator(s), optionally one or more adjuvants, and some of the vinyl chloride into a container as initial charge and mixing of the constituents; (b) dispersion, and addition of one or more suspension auxiliaries with continued dispersion; (c) heating of the mixture; (d) addition of the remaining vinyl chloride; and (e) working-up of the product, wherein in step (d) the addition of the remaining vinyl chloride is effected from the beginning of the heating phase to the beginning of the work-up.","label":"HouseConst","id":2149} +{"sentence":"Oxidative dehydrogenation using gel precipitated catalyst preparationImproved zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst can be prepared by co-precipitating the catalysts from a solution of zinc and iron ions in the presence of a high molecular weight polyhydric material such as dextran in a 2 to 4 normal alkali metal hydroxide solution. The result of having the polyhydric material present is that the precipitate has the form of a granular gelatinous precipitate of improved processability. The catalyst itself is more active in dehydrogenations and physically stronger than comparable catalyst prepared by conventional methods. More importantly, zinc ferrite catalysts prepared in this manner have extremely long useful lives whereas those prepared by conventional methods have very short useful lives.1. In a process for the oxidative dehydrogenation of organic compounds having at least two adjacent, hydrogen containing carbon atoms in the presence of a catalyst wherein the improvement comprises utilizing a zinc ferrite catalyst prepared by the steps of (a) contacting a solution of a soluble metal component comprising zinc and iron with a precipitating agent to precipitate an insoluble metal component comprising zinc and iron, said solution containing in addition to the soluble metal component from 0.1 to 11 weight percent of a soluble polyhydric organic compound based on the weight of metal and (b) calcining the precipitate to form said zinc ferrite oxidative dehydrogenation catalyst, wherein the precipitating agent is a solution of a hydroxide of a metal selected from the group consisting of Li, Na, K, Rb, and Cs, said precipitating solution having a normality of between 2 and 4 and said polyhydric compound contains at least 2 hydroxyl groups and is selected from the group consisting of organic alcohols, polyesters, polyethers, polysaccharides and mixtures thereof having a molecular weight of at least about 3,000.","label":"Catalyst","id":2150} +{"sentence":"Aqueous-liquid and blood-absorbing powdery reticulated polymers, process for producing the same and their use as absorbents in sanitary articlesThe present invention relates to a powdery, water-insoluble, cross-linked resin which absorbs aqueous or serous liquids as well as blood and is composed of a) 55 to 99.9%-wt. polymerized, unsaturated, polymerizable, acid-groups-containing monomers which are neutralized to the extent of at least 25 mol-%, b) 0 to 40%-wt. polymerized, unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with a), c) 0.1 to 5.0%-wt. of a cross-linking agent, and d) 0 to 30%-wt. of a water-soluble polymer, whereby the weight amounts a) to d) relate to anhydrous polymer. The polymer is characterized by the fact that the resin powder has been coated with 0.1 to 5%-wt. of an alkylene carbonate, relative to resin powder, and heated to a temperature of 150° to 300° C. The present invention further relates to a method of producing said polymer and to the use thereof in sanitary articles, such as diapers and the like, and in absorbent constructions consisting of hydrophilic fibers and absorbing resin.1. Powdery, water-insoluble, cross-linked polymerized resinous particles capable of absorbing aqueous or serous liquids or water, produced by polymerizing a composition comprising by weight (a) 55 to 99.9% of an unsaturated polymerizable monomer containing acid groups, at least 25 mol % of the acid groups being neutralized, (b) 0 to 40% of polymerizable unsaturated monomers other than (a), (c) 0.1 to 5% of a cross-linking agent, and (d) 0 to 30% of a water-soluble polymer, to form water-insoluble resinous particles, coating the particles with 0.1 to 5% their weight on an anhydrous basis of an alkylene carbonate, and heating the coated particles to a temperature of 150° to 300° C.","label":"Household","id":2151} +{"sentence":"Hydraulic system with fluid flow summation control of a variable displacement pump and priority allocation of fluid flowA system has a variable displacement pump that supplies pressurized fluid to power a plurality of hydraulic functions. Each hydraulic function has a control valve with a variable source orifice controlling fluid flow between the pump and a flow summation node, and a variable metering orifice controlling fluid flow between the flow summation node and a hydraulic actuator. Variable bypass orifices in the control valves are connected in series between the flow summation node and a tank. As the metering orifice in a control valve enlarges, the source orifice enlarges and the bypass orifice shrinks. This alters pressure at the flow summation node, which is used to control the output of the pump. Components are provided to give selected hydraulic functions different levels of priority with respect to consuming fluid flow from the pump.1. A control valve assembly for a hydraulic system in which a variable displacement pump sends fluid, drawn from a tank, into a supply conduit, and wherein the hydraulic system has a plurality of hydraulic actuators, the control valve assembly comprising: a flow summation node; a first supply node connected by a first passageway to the flow summation node; a second supply node; a first element defining a second passageway between the flow summation node and the second supply node and restricting fluid flow to a greater degree than restriction of fluid flow through the first passageway; a first control valve and a second control valve, each having a variable first path, a variable second path, and a variable third path; wherein the variable first paths of both the first and second control valves are connected in parallel to form a variable flow section through which fluid flows between the variable displacement pump and the flow summation node, fluid selectively flows through the variable second path of the first control valve between with the first supply node and a first hydraulic actuator, fluid selectively flows through the variable second path of the second control valve between with the second supply node and a second hydraulic actuator, and the variable third paths of both the first and second control valves are connected in series to form a bypass passage through which fluid flows between the flow summation node and the tank; and a first priority check valve through which fluid flows only in a direction into the second supply node from a point in the bypass passage that is between first and second control valves.","label":"Automobile","id":2152} +{"sentence":"Elastic polypropylenes and catalysts for their manufactureA propylene polymeric composition with elastic character that is soluble in at least one nonpolar organic solvent selected from the group consisting of toluene, xylene, heptane, and hexane, comprises greater than 3 weight percent and up to 45 weight percent homotactic sequences each having only r or m diads, all of which homotactic sequences have a helical length in the range of 20 to 150 .ANG., and in the range of 55 to 97 weight percent of the sum of homotactic sequences of less than 20 .ANG. in helical length, each homotactic sequence having only r or m diads and having fewer than 10 repeat units with mmmm pentads being present in the range of 0 to 35 weight percent of the total composition, and heterotactic sequences having r and m diads of unequal number, the polymer having a molecular weight (Mw) of at least 70,000.1. A composition of matter having a formula selected from the group consisting of H{flu--C2H4--H2CPA}H H{flu--C2H4--2--CH3--4,5--benzindene}H H{flu--SiR2--CPA}H H{flu--SiR2--H2CPA}H wherein R is a methyl or phenyl group.","label":"HouseConst","id":2153} +{"sentence":"Method for producing Guerbet alcoholsThe invention relates to a method for the dimerization of alcohols in the context of a Guerbet reaction, in which one or more alcohols (A) having 2 to 72 C atoms and 1 to 3 OH groups per molecule are reacted in the presence of (a) a base (B), (b) a carbonyl compound (C), and (c) a hydrogenation catalyst (H) from the group of metals ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum, said metals being in the elementary form, with the proviso that the alcohols (A) have at least one primary or secondary OH group, and that a C atom that carries at least one H atom as a substituent is directly adjacent to the C atom with said primary or secondary OH group.1. A process for dimerizing alcohols in the manner of a Guerbet reaction, the process comprising converting one or more alcohols (A) having 2 to 72 carbon atoms and 1 to 3 OH groups per molecule in the presence of a base (B), a carbonyl compound (C) and a hydrogenation catalyst (H) comprising a metal selected from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and platinum, wherein the metal is present in elemental form, wherein the one or more alcohols (A) have at least one primary or secondary OH group and a carbon atom bearing at least one hydrogen atom as a substituent is directly adjacent to the carbon atom having this primary or secondary OH group.","label":"Process","id":2154} +{"sentence":"Modifier for thermoplastic resin and thermoplastic resin composition using the sameA modifier for thermoplastic resin, comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (A), and an alkyl (meth)acrylate-based polymer (B) containing 70% by weight or more of a constituent unit composed of an alkyl (meth)acrylate carrying an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; and a thermoplastic resin composition containing this modifier.1 . A modifier for thermoplastic resin, comprising polytetrafluoroethylene (A), and an alkyl (meth)acrylate-based polymer (B) containing 70% by weight or more of a constituent unit composed of an alkyl (meth)acrylate carrying an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":2155} +{"sentence":"Phenolate constrained geometry polymerization catalyst and method for preparingThe subject invention involves a method of preparing and the constrained geometry catalyst thereby prepared of the general formula Ar'R4(O)Ar\"R'4M(CH2Ph)2where Ar' is a phenyl or naphthyl group; Ar\" is a cyclopentadienyl or indenyl group, R and R' are H or alkyl substituents (C≤10) and M is Ti, Zr or Hf. The synthetic method involves a simple alkane elimination approach which permits a \"one-pot\" procedure. The catalyst, when combined with a cocatalyst such as Pb3C+B(Ar3F)4BAr3For methyl alumoxane where ArFis a fluoroaryl group, is an effective catalyst for the polymerization of α-olefins such as ethylene, propylene and styrene.1. A catalytic complex of the formula: [Equation] (Ar'sR4)(O)(Ar"R's4)M(CH2Ph)2 where Ar's is a phenyl or naphthyl group; Ar" is a cyclopentadienyl or indenyl group; R, R's is each H, alkyl (C≤10) or a mixture thereof; and M is Ti, Zr, or Hf.","label":"Catalyst","id":2156} +{"sentence":"Process for recycling aqueous fluid absorbents fines to a polymerizerA process is described for recycling dry aqueous fluid absorbent polymer fines into a process that includes a polymerization step for making the aqueous fluid absorbent polymer. The process requires recovering the dry polymer fines, mixing the fines with a polymerizable monomer solution for making the aqueous fluid absorbent polymer and polymerizing the mixture of fines and monomer to form the aqueous fluid absorbent polymer. In the process the fines are incorporated into the new polymer gel and becomes indistinguishable therefrom. The gel may then comminuted into a particulate dried and then separated into a portion having a desired minimum particle size in a fines portion having less than the desired size. The fines portion is then recycled up to about 30 percent by weight based on gel solids may be recycled for the preferred polyacrylate based aqueous fluid absorbent polymer.1. A process for recycling dry aqueous fluid absorbent polymer fines into a process that includes a polymerization step for making said aqueous fluid absorbent polymers, comprising: recovering dry polymer fines from said aqueous fluid absorbent polymer; mixing said fines with a polymerizable monomer solution for making said aqueous fluid absorbent polymer; and polymerizing said mixture of fines and monomer to form said aqueous fluid absorbent polymer.","label":"Household","id":2157} +{"sentence":"Ethylene interpolymer blend compositionsFilm, molded articles and fibers prepared from ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer compositions are disclosed. The interpolymer compositions are blends prepared by combining specified amounts of a narrow molecular weight distribution, narrow composition distribution breadth index interpolymer, and a broad molecular weight distribution, broad composition distribution breadth index interpolymer, with each blend component having a specified density, melt index and degree of branching.1. A molded article comprising an ethylene\/α-olefin interpolymer composition wherein said interpolymer composition has a density of from about 0.940 to about 0.960 and a melt index, I2, of from about 3 to about 100 g\/10 min; and comprises (A) an interpolymer of ethylene with at least one C3-8α-olefin and present in an amount of from about 5 to about 50% by weight, based on the combined weight of Components A and B, and having (i) a narrow molecular weight distribution, defined as an Mw\/Mnof less than about 3, (ii) a narrow composition distribution breadth index, CDBI, defined as the weight percent of the polymer molecules having a comonomer content within 50 percent of the median total molar comonomer content of Component A, which is greater than about 50 percent; (iii) a degree of branching less than or equal to 2 methyls\/1000 carbons in about 15 percent or less by weight, based on the total weight of Component A; (iv) an aluminum residue content of less than or equal to about 250 ppm present in the interpolymer composition, and (v) a density of from about 0.850 to about 0.908 g\/cm3; and (B) one or more homopolymers or interpolymers of ethylene and\/or at least one C3-8α-olefin and is present in an amount of from about 50 to about 95% by weight, based on the combined weight of Components A and B, and (i) has a broad molecular weight distribution, define as an Mw\/Mnof greater than about 3, (ii) has a broad composition distribution with a degree of branching less than or equal to 2 methyls\/1000 carbons in about 10 percent or more by weight, based on the total weight of Component B, and (iii) has a degree of branching greater than or equal to 25 methyls\/1000 carbons in about 25 percent or less by weight, based on the total weight of Component B, and wherein (a) said interpolymer composition has an improvement in 23° C. Izod Impact of at least 5% over a blend of Component A and Component B having the same final melt index and density, but wherein the density of Component A is greater than or equal to 0.909 g\/cm3and (b) said molded article is made by rotational molding, injection molding or blow molding.","label":"HouseConst","id":2158} +{"sentence":"Particulate water absorbing agent and process for producing sameThe present invention (a) provides, at low cost, a water absorbing agent (i) that has a suppressed amount of generated dust and a suppressed amount of dust that increases over time and (ii) that also has a high absorption capacity without load, a high absorption capacity under load, a high vertical diffusion absorbency under load, and a high absorbency in a short period of time, and (b) also provides a method for evaluating, in a short period of time, an amount of dust that increases over time. A particulate water absorbing agent of the present invention includes: a surface crosslinked polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin as a main component; a hydrophilic polymer compound; and a stabilizing agent.1. A particulate water absorbing agent comprising: a polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin as a main component; a hydrophilic polymer compound; and a stabilizing agent, the polyacrylic acid (salt)-based water absorbent resin being surface-crosslinked, the hydrophilic polymer compound being a polymer compound 1 g or more of which is dissolvable in 100 g of water at 25° C., the stabilizing agent being a thioether-based stabilizing agent, a phosphoric acid-based stabilizing agent, a phenol-based stabilizing agent, a combination of a phenol-based stabilizing agent and a thioether-based stabilizing agent, or a combination of a phenol-based stabilizing agent and a phosphoric acid-based stabilizing agent, the phosphoric acid-based stabilizing agent being a stabilizing agent selected from tris(2,4-di-t-butylphenyl)phosphite, 2-[[2,4,8,10-tetrakis(1,1-dimethylethyl)dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin-6-yl]oxy]-N,N-bis[2-[[2,4,8,10-tetrakis(1,1dimethylethyl)dibenzo[d,f][1,3,2]dioxaphosphepin-6-yl]oxy]-ethyl]ethanamine, diphenyl tridecyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, 2,2-methylenebis(4,6-di-t-butylphenyl)octylphosphite, bis(2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl)pentaerythritol diphosphite, distearylpentaerythritol diphosphite, and cyclic neopentanetetraylbis(2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylphenyl)phosphite, and wherein a dust amount after mechanical treatment is less than 30 mg\/kg, and a dust amount after heat treatment at 60° C. for 3 weeks is less than 30 mg\/kg.","label":"Household","id":2159} +{"sentence":"Functionalized polymer of improved hysteresis properties prepared using amino-substituted aryllithium polymerization initiatorsA vulcanizable elastomeric compound and products such as pneumatic tires and the like, are formed from a functionalized polymer having a functional group derived from an anionic polymerization initiator. The anionic polymerization initiator comprises the general formula where R1-R5are the same or different and are selected from the group consisting of hydrogen; alkyls having from alkyls having from 1 to about 12 carbon atoms; aralkyls having from 7 to about 20 carbon atoms; dialkylaminos having from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms; and, dialkylaminoalkyls having from 3 to about 20 carbon atoms. At least one of R1-R5is selected from the group consisting of the dialkylaminos and the dialkylaminoalkyls. Methods of the present invention include preparing functionalized polymers and reducing the hysteresis of vulcanizable elastomeric compounds.1. A functionalized polymer comprising: a polymer chain selected from the group consisting of diene homopolymers and copolymers with monovinyl aromatic polymers, and carrying a functional group at one end of said chain and a lithium atom at the other end of said chain prior to quenching, and having the formula [Equation] R6-polymer-Li wherein R6is a functional group having a structure selected from the group consisting of R1 ? wherein each R7is the same or different and is an alkyl group having from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms, and wherein each R8is the same or different and is an alkyl group having from 1 to about 8 carbon atoms.","label":"Automobile","id":2160} +{"sentence":"Reinforced polymer compositions having excellent distinctness of imageMolded polyurethanes are filled with a particular filler mixture, including a certain wollastonite or talc as a supplementary filler, to provide a polymer composition having surprising good physical properites and excellent surface quality.1. A filled polymer composition comprising a polyurethane and\/or polyurea matrix having dispersed therein a filler mixture comprising (A) a reinforcing filler having particles of an average aspect ratio of at least 4 and an average particle length of at least about 20μ, except the average particle length is at least about 40μ when the reinforcing filler is wollastonite, said reinforcing filler being present in an amount which provides enhanced physical properties to the polymer composition, and (B) a supplementary filler comprising a wollastonite having an aspect ratio of 7 or less and a particle length of about 35μ or less or an inorganic compound other than wollastonite having an average aspect ratio of about 4 or less and a median particle size of about 10μ or less, and characterized in that the filled polymer composition exhibits a distinctness of image of at least 80 DOI units.","label":"Construct","id":2161} +{"sentence":"Production of water-absorbing polymeric particles by dropletization polymerization in the gas phaseA process for producing water-absorbing polymeric particles by dropletization polymerization in the gas phase, which comprises drying the polymeric particles after the polymerization in a fluidized bed, the water-absorbing polymeric particles themselves, hygiene articles comprising these water-absorbing polymeric particles and also apparatus for implementing the process.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymeric particles by dropletization polymerization in a gas phase, wherein a monomer solution is dropletized at a speed of less than 0.2 m\/s, which comprises the polymeric particles after the polymerization being dried and optionally agglomerated and\/or postcrosslinked, the drying being carried out in a fluidized bed.","label":"Household","id":2162} +{"sentence":"Epdxidized fatty acid alkyl ester plasticizers and methods for making epdxidized fatty acid alkyl ester plasticizersEpoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester and methods for making epoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester. The epoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester is prepared from a fatty acid alkyl ester starting material comprising at least one of mono-unsaturated and di-unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester molecules in a combined amount of at least 85 weight percent. Such epoxidized fatty acid alkyl esters can be employed in plasticizer compositions, either alone or in combination with other plasticizers, such as epoxidized natural oils. Such plasticizers in turn may be used in the formation of polymeric compositions.1. A process for making a plasticizer, said process comprising: epoxidizing a fatty acid alkyl ester, thereby producing an epoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester; and combining an epoxidized natural oil with at least a portion of said epoxidized fatty acid alkyl ester, wherein said fatty acid alkyl ester comprises mono-unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester molecules and di-unsaturated fatty acid alkyl ester molecules in a combined amount of at least 85 weight percent, based on the total weight of said fatty acid alkyl ester.","label":"HouseConst","id":2163} +{"sentence":"Slush molding processA process for producing a hollow rubber article by (1) injecting a slush molding plastisol composition of (a) polyvinyl chloride, (b) from about 40 to about 65 parts of a plasticizer per 100 parts of polyvinyl chloride, (c) from about 1 to about 3 parts of a stabilizer, and (d) from about 10 to about 15 parts of a highly crosslinked nitrile rubber composition per 100 pars of the polyvinyl chloride wherein the highly cross-linked nitrile rubber composition has repeat units derived from (i) 1,3-butadiene, (ii) acrylonitrile, and (iii) a crosslinking agent, and wherein the highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has a Mooney viscosity of about 50 to about 120; a swelling index of less than about 10 percent; a mill shrinkage of less than 10 percent; and a gel content of greater than 90 percent, into a mold; (2) maintaining the mold at an elevated temperature for a period of time which is sufficient for the slush molding composition to be fused into the shape of the desired hollow article; and (3) removing the hollow rubber article from the mold.1. A process for producing a hollow rubber article which comprises: (1) injecting a slush molding plastisol composition which is comprised of (a) polyvinyl chloride, (b) from about 40 to about 65 parts of a plasticizer per 100 parts of the polyvinylchloride, (c) from about 1 to about 3 parts of a stabilizer and (d) from about 10 to about 15 parts of a highly crosslinked nitrile rubber composition per 100 parts of the polyvinyl chloride, wherein the highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has repeat units which are derived from (i) 1,3-butadiene, (ii) acrylonitrile and (iii) a crosslinking agent, and wherein said highly crosslinked nitrile rubber has a Mooney viscosity of about 50 to about 120, a swelling index of less than about 10 percent, a mill shrinkage of less than 10 percent and a gel content of greater than 90 percent, into a mold; (2) maintaining the mold at an elevated temperature for a period of time which is sufficient for the slush molding compound to be fused into the shape of the desired hollow article; and (3) removing the hollow rubber article from the mold.","label":"HouseConst","id":2164} +{"sentence":"Surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particlesSurface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles obtained by mixing 100 parts by weight of superabsorbent polymer particles with 0.001 to 10 parts by weight of a hydroxyalkylamide, and heating the surface-treated superabsorbent polymer particles to crosslink molecular chains existing at least in the vicinity of the surfaces of the superabsorbent polymer particles is disclosed. Surface crosslinking the superabsorbent polymer particles with a hydroxyalkylamide substantially increases both the rate of liquid absorption and the quantity of liquid absorbed and retained by the superabsorbent particles.1. Superabsorbent polymer particles comprising 100 parts by weight of a water-absorbing resin and about 0.001 to about 10 parts by weight of at least one hydroxyalkylamide having the structure L--A--L, wherein A is CH2OCH2,L, independently, is selected from the group consisting of --C(=O)N(CH3)CH2CH2OH, --C(=O)NHCH2--CH2OH, and --C(=O)N(CH2CH2OH)2,and n is 0, 1, 2, 3, or 4, and wherein the hydroxyalkylamide is present at surfaces of the water-absorbing resin and crosslinks polymer chains at the surfaces of the water-absorbing resin.","label":"Household","id":2165} +{"sentence":"Process of separating 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol from aqueous compositionsA process is disclosed of separating 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol from aqueous compositions, by dewatering of the aqueous composition containing 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol to a concentration of 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol of at least 90 percent by weight in total and isolation of 1-methoxy-2-propanol, 2-methoxy-1-propanol or mixtures thereof by distillation.1 . A process for separating 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol from an aqueous composition containing same, comprising: a) dewatering of the aqueous composition comprising 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol to a concentration of 1-methoxy-2-propanol and 2-methoxy-1-propanol of at least 90 percent by weight in total to obtain a product, and b) isolating 1-methoxy-2-propanol and\/or 2-methoxy-1-propanol or mixtures thereof from the product of step a) by distillation.","label":"Process","id":2166} +{"sentence":"Method and compositions for enhancing blood absorbence by superabsorbent materialsThe blood absorbence properties, e.g., free swell blood absorbence capacity and after load blood absorbence capacity of superabsorbent materials is enhanced by combining the superabsorbent materials with enhancing agents which serve to enhance the blood absorbent properties thereof. The enhancing agents can be applied to the superabsorbent materials or they can be provided on a fibrous material to be combined with the superabsorbent materials. The enhancing agents are selected from materials that include functionalities that allow them to hydrogen bond to the superabsorbent material when the enhancing agent is applied directly thereto or combined with materials to which the enhancing agents have been applied.1. A modified superabsorbent material for absorbing blood comprising: a superabsorbent material; and an enhancing agent applied to the superabsorbent material as a liquid for increasing the blood absorbence properties of the superabsorbent material, the enhancing agent selected from the group consisting of polymeric enhancing agents, non-polymeric organic enhancing agents and combinations thereof nonreactive with each other, the enhancing agents comprising enhancing agent molecules, the enhancing agent molecules having at least one functional group capable of forming a hydrogen bond or a coordinate covalent bond with the superabsorbent material, the enhancing agent being at least partially bonded to the superabsorbent material through hydrogen bond or coordinate covalent bonds in the absence of covalent bonds between the enhancing agent and the superabsorbent material, and the enhancing agent present in an amount ranging from about 0.01% to 10% of the total weight of the superabsorbent material.","label":"Household","id":2167} +{"sentence":"Low molecular weight ethylene interpolymers, methods of making, and uses thereofThe invention provides a comprising one or more ethylene interpolymers, and wherein the interpolymers, or the composition, has a melt viscosity from 1 to 30,000 cP at 177° C., and wherein at least one ethylene interpolymer has an Rv from 0.3 to 0.99. The invention further provides a composition comprising at least one low molecular weight (LMW) ethylene interpolymer, and at least one high molecular weight (HMW) ethylene interpolymer, and wherein the composition has a melt viscosity from 1 to 30,000 cP at 177° C., and wherein the sum of the Rv from the low molecular weight interpolymer and the high molecular weight interpolymer is from 0.3 to 2. The invention further provides for processes of making such compositions, processes for functionalizing the interpolymer(s) of such compositions, and articles comprising at least one component prepared from an inventive composition.1. A composition comprising at least one low molecular weight (LMW) ethylene interpolymer, and at least one high molecular weight (HMW) ethylene interpolymer, and wherein the composition has a melt viscosity from 1 to 30,000 cP at 177° C., and wherein the sum of the Rv from the low molecular weight interpolymer and the high molecular weight interpolymer is from 0.3 to 2.","label":"HouseConst","id":2168} +{"sentence":"Method for the subcritical drying of aerogelsProcess for the preparation of aerogels by subcritical drying of inorganic and organic hydrogels and lyogels to give aerogels, dielectric drying methods being used.1. A method for preparing aerogels by subcritical drying of inorganic hydrogels and lyogels to provide aerogels, which comprises using dielectric drying methods.","label":"IndustConst","id":2169} +{"sentence":"Process and catalyst for producing polyolefins having low molecular weightThe invention provides a metallocene catalyst for use in preparing polyolefins having low molecular weight. The catalyst comprises a bridged metallocene in which one of the cyclopentadienyl rings is substituted in a substantially different manner from the other ring. The catalyst comprises a metallocene compound generally described by the formula R\"(C5R4)(R'2C5C4R'4)MeQpwherein (C5R4) is a substituted cyclopentadienyl ring; (R'2C5C4R'4n) is an indenyl ring or substituted indenyl ring; each R and R' is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl radical having from 1-20 carbon atoms, a halogen, an alkoxy, and alkoxy alkyl or an alkylamino radical, each R and R' may be the same or different; (C5R4) has one R substituent in a distal position which is at least as bulky as a t-butyl radical; R\" is a structural bridge between the (C5R4) and (R'2C5C4R'4) rings to impart stereorigidity; Q is a hydrocarbyl radical, such as an alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, alkylaryl or arylalkyl radical having 1-20 carbon atoms or is a halogen; Me is a Group IIIB, IVB, VB, or VIB metal as positioned in the Periodic Table of Elements; and p is the valence of Me minus 2.1. A catalyst for producing polyolefins having a low molecular weight comprising: a) a metallocene compound described by the formula [Equation] R"(C5R4)(R's2C5C4R's4)MeQp wherein (C5R4) is a substituted cyclopentadienyl ring; (R's2C5C4R's4) is an indenyl ring; each R is hydrogen or hydrocarbyl radical having from 1-20 carbon atoms, a halogen, an alkoxy, and alkoxy alkyl or an alkylamino radical, each R may be the same or different, and each R's is hydrogen; (C5R4) has one R substituent in a distal position which is at least as bulky as a t-butyl radical; R" is a structural bridge between the (C5R4) and (R's2C5C4R's4) rings to impart stereorigidity; Q is a hydrocarbyl radical having 1-20 carbon atoms or is a halogen; Me is a Group IVB metal as positioned in the Periodic Table of Elements; and p is the valence of Me minus 2; b) an ionizing agent.","label":"Catalyst","id":2170} +{"sentence":"POLYMER COMPOSITION CONTAINING DINT AS A SOFTENERThe invention relates to a composition comprising at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl butyrate, polyalkyl (meth)acrylate and copolymers thereof, and diisononyl terephthalate (DINT) as plasticizer, where the average degree of branching of the isononyl groups of the ester is in the range from 1.15 to 2.5, and at least one additional plasticizer which reduces processing temperature. The invention further relates to mouldings produced from the composition and to the use of the composition for floor coverings, wall coverings (e.g. wallpapers), tarpaulins or coated textiles.1 . A composition, comprising: a polymer; and diisononyl terephthalate as a plasticizer; and an additional plasticizer, wherein the polymer is at least one polymer selected from the group consisting of polyvinyl chloride, polvvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl butyrate, polyalkyl (meth)acrylate, and a copolymer thereof, an average degree of branching of an isononyl group of a diisononyl terephthalate ester is from 1.15 to 2.5, and additional plasticizer reduces a processing temperature.","label":"HouseConst","id":2171} +{"sentence":"AEROGEL LAMINATE AND THERMAL INSULATION MATERIALThe present invention relates to an aerogel laminate having a structure in which an aerogel layer and a support having a heat ray reflective function or a heat ray absorbing function are laminated.1 . An aerogel laminate having a structure in which an aerogel layer and a support having a heat ray reflective function or a heat ray absorbing function are laminated.","label":"IndustConst","id":2172} +{"sentence":"Organometallic transition metal compound, biscyclopentadienyl ligand system, catalyst system and preparation of polyolefinsThe present invention relates to organometallic transition metal compounds of the formula (I)1. An organometallic transition metal compound of the formula (I): where M1is an element of group 3, 4, 5 or 6 of the Periodic Table of the Elements or the lanthanides; the radicals X are identical or different and are each an organic or inorganic radical, with two radicals X also being able to be joined to one another; m is 1 or 2; n is a natural number from 1 to 4; R1is hydrogen or an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; R3is a substituted or unsubstituted C6-C40 aryl radical; R4is hydrogen, halogen or an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms; R5is an organic radical which has from 3 to 20 carbon atoms and is branched in the α position; R7, R8are identical or different and are each hydrogen or an organic radical having from 1 to 40 carbon atoms or R7and R8together with the atoms connecting them form a monocyclic or polycyclic, substituted or unsubstituted ring system which has from 1 to 40 carbon atoms and optionally contains heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of the elements Si, Ge, N, P, O, S, Se and Te; and A is a bridge consisting of a divalent atom or a divalent group.","label":"Construct","id":2173} +{"sentence":"Process for producing potassium titanateA method for producing a potassium titanate easily produces a potassium titanate having a high single phase ratio and a significantly reduced fibrous potassium titanate content in high yield. The method for producing a potassium titanate includes: a mixing step that mixes a titanium raw material with a potassium raw material, the titanium raw material including 0 to 60 mass % of titanium oxide having a specific surface area of 1 to 2 m2\/g, 40 to 100 mass % of titanium oxide having a specific surface area of 7 to 200 m2\/g, and 0 to 4.5 mass % in total of one or more materials selected from titanium metal and titanium hydride, and the potassium raw material including a potassium compound; a calcination step that calcines a raw material mixture obtained by the mixing step at a calcination temperature of 950 to 990° C.; and a grinding step that grinds a calcined powder obtained by the calcination step using one or more means selected from a vibrating mill and an impact pulverizer.1. A method for producing a potassium titanate consisting essentially of: a mixing step that mixes a titanium raw material with a potassium raw material, the titanium raw material comprising 80 to 100 mass % of titanium oxide having a specific surface area of 7 to 50 m2\/g, and 0 to 4.5 mass % in total of one or more materials selected from titanium metal and titanium hydride, and the potassium raw material comprising a potassium compound; a calcination step that calcines a raw material mixture obtained by the mixing step at a calcination temperature of 950 to 990° C.; a grinding step that grinds a calcined powder obtained by the calcination step using a vibrating mill and an impact pulverizer; wherein after the calcination step, the method is performed without pH adjustment and without an acid wash; the vibrating mill is at least one selected from a vibrating rod mill and a vibrating ball mill; and the impact pulverizer is at least one selected from a high-speed rotary mill, high-speed rotary mill provided with a classifier, a media agitating mill, and a jet mill.","label":"IndustConst","id":2174} +{"sentence":"Ferrite catalyst and preparation method thereofDisclosed are a ferrite catalyst and preparation methods thereof. The catalyst is provided with a formula below, wherein A is Mg atom, Zn atom or a mixture of both atoms at any ratio; D is one or more atoms selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, W, Mn, Ca, Mo or V atom; Z is a catalyst carrier, which is one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, ferric phosphate, magnesium phosphate, zinc phosphate, Mg—Al hydrotalcite, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate; a=0.01-0.6; b=0-0.30; c is a number balancing each valence; x, y represent the amounts of principal catalyst and carrier Z respectively, wherein the weight ratio y\/x=0.5:1-7:1. x(FeAaDbOc)\/yZ1. A ferrite catalyst having a general formula of: x(FeAaDbOc)\/yZ wherein, A is Mg atom, Zn atom or a mixture of both atoms at any ratio; D is a mixture of Mn with Ni and\/or Co atoms; Z is a catalyst carrier, which is one or more selected from the group consisting of calcium phosphate, calcium dihydrogen phosphate, aluminum phosphate, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, ferric phosphate, magnesium phosphate, zinc phosphate, Mg—Al hydrotalcite, calcium carbonate, and magnesium carbonate; a=0.01-0.6; b=0.01-0.30; c is a number balancing each valence; x, y represent the amounts of principal catalyst and carrier Z respectively, wherein the weight ratio y\/x=0.8:1-7:1, wherein D is mixed with precursor compounds so as to be incorporated in the FeAaDbOc.","label":"Catalyst","id":2175} +{"sentence":"Polyethylene moulding composition with improved stress crack\/stiffness relationship and impact resistanceA high density polyethylene moulding composition having a multimodal molecular weight distribution, having a density according to ISO 1183 at 23° C. in the range of 945 to 965 kg\/m3and an MFR190\/2 according to ISO 1133 in the range of 0.05 to 25 g\/10 min, said polyethylene moulding composition comprising at least three ethylene polymer fractions having distinct molecular weights: A) 15 to 50 wt % of a low molecular weight ethylene homopolymer fraction with a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 15 to 40 kg\/mol; B) 15 to 50 wt % of a medium molecular weight ethylene homopolymer fraction with a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 70 to 180 kg\/mol; and C) 15 to 50 wt % of a high molecular weight ethyleve copolymer fraction with a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 200 to 400 kg\/mol; and wherein the composition has: a tensile modulus according to ISO 527-2: 1993 measured on compression moulded samples of at least 800 MPa; a Charpy impact strength CIS (23° C.) according to ISO 179:2000 measured on V- notched samples produced by compression moulding of at least 30 kJ\/m2; and an environmental stress crack resistance ESCR measured as FNCT full notch creep test according to ISO\/DIS 16770.3 at 50° C. and 6 MPa of at least 20 h.1. A high density polyethylene moulding composition having a multimodal molecular weight distribution, having a density according to ISO 1183 at 23° C. in the range of 945 to 965 kg\/m3and an MFR190\/2 according to ISO 1133 in the range of 0.05 to 25 g\/10 min, said polyethylene moulding composition comprising at least three ethylene polymer fractions having distinct molecular weights: A) 15 to 50 wt % of a low molecular weight ethylene homopolymer fraction with a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 15 to 40 kg\/mol; B) 15 to 50 wt % of a medium molecular weight ethylene homopolymer fraction with a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 70 to 180 kg\/mol; and C) 15 to 50 wt % of a high molecular weight ethylene copolymer fraction with a weight average molecular weight Mw in the range of 200 to 400 kg\/mol; and wherein the composition has: a tensile modulus according to ISO 527-2:1993 measured on compression moulded samples of at least 800 MPa; a Charpy impact strength CIS (23° C.) according to ISO 179:2000 measured on V-notched samples produced by compression moulding of at least 30 kJ\/m2; and an environmental stress crack resistance ESCR measured as FNCT full notch creep test according to ISO\/DIS 16770.3 at 50° C. and 6 MPa of at least 20 h.","label":"HouseConst","id":2176} +{"sentence":"Production of vinyl terminated polyethylene using supported catalyst systemThis invention relates to processes to produce vinyl terminated polyethylene involving contacting ethylene with a supported metallocene catalyst system; wherein the supported catalyst system comprises a support material; an alumoxane activator; and a metallocene compound. A supported metallocene catalyst system is also disclosed. Processes to produce ethylene copolymers are also disclosed.1. A process to produce polyethylene comprising: (a) contacting ethylene with a supported metallocene catalyst system; wherein the supported catalyst system comprises: (i) a support material; (ii) an alumoxane activator having from about 1 wt % to about 14 wt % trimethylaluminum, based on the weight of the alumoxane activator; (iii) a metallocene compound represented by the formula: wherein T is Si or Ge; each RAis a C1 to C20 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group; each RBis, independently, H or a C1 to C8 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group, or a group represented by the formula —CH2Rx; wherein Rxis a C1 to C20 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group provided that at least one RBis methyl or a group represented by the formula —CH2Rx; each RCis, independently, H or a C1 to C20 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl group; each A is independently selected from the group consisting of C1 to C20 substituted or unsubstituted hydrocarbyl groups, hydrides, amides, amines, alkoxides, sulfides, phosphides, halides, dienes, phosphines, and ethers, and two A groups can form a cyclic structure including aromatic, partially saturated, or saturated cyclic or fused ring system; each X is, independently, hydrogen, halogen or a substituted or unsubstituted C1 to C20 hydrocarbyl, and two X groups can form a cyclic structure including aromatic, partially saturated, or saturated cyclic or fused ring system; further provided that any of adjacent RA, RB, and\/or RCgroups may form a fused ring or multicenter fused ring systems, where the rings may be substituted or unsubstituted, and may be aromatic, partially unsaturated, or unsaturated; (b) obtaining a vinyl terminated polyethylene having: (i) at least 60% allyl chain ends, based on total unsaturations; (ii) a molecular weight distribution of less than or equal to 4.0; (iii) an Mn (1HNMR) of at least 20,000 g\/mol; and (iv) wherein the polyethylene is an ethylene polymer having less than 2wt % of a C3 to C40 alphaolefin comonomer.","label":"Catalyst","id":2177} +{"sentence":"Process for producing 1,3-butadieneA process for producing 1,3-butadiene which comprises feeding a fraction comprising C4-paraffins and C4-olefins as the main components and being free from isobutene, 1,3-butadiene and C4-acetylenes to a dehydrogenation or oxidative dehydrogenation step (step A), where the n-butenes contained therein is converted to 1,3-butadiene; feeding the 1,3-butadiene-containing hydrocarbon fraction thus obtained (fraction C) to an extractive distillation column (column B), in which said fraction C is distilled in an atmosphere of a selective solvent while obtaining a fraction comprising C4-paraffins as the main hydrocarbon component from the top of the column; withdrawing a fraction comprising n-butenes as the main component as a side stream from a stage on the upper side of the aforementioned fraction C-feeding stage and on the lower side of the selective solvent-feeding stage and recycling it into step A while withdrawing a fraction comprising 1,3-butadiene as the main hydrocarbon component and also containing the selective solvent from the bottom of column B; and separating 1,3-butadiene from the 1,3-butadiene-containing fraction.1. A process for producing 1,3-butadiene which comprises feeding a fraction comprising as the main components C4-paraffins and C4-olefins but substantially free from isobutene, 1,3-butadiene and C4-acetylenes to a dehydrogenation or oxidative dehydrogenation step (step A); converting the n-butenes contained therein to 1,3-butadiene in step A; feeding the resulting hydrocarbon fraction containing 1,3-butadiene (fraction C) to an extractive distillation column (column B); and distilling said fraction in the presence of a selective solvent in column B while withdrawing a fraction comprising as the main component C4-paraffins from the top of column B, withdrawing as a side stream a fraction comprising n-butenes as the main component from a stage on the upper side of the fraction C-feeding stage and on the lower side of the selective solvent-feeding stage and recycling the side stream to step A, and while withdrawing a fraction comprising 1,3-butadiene as the main hydrocarbon component and also containing the selective solvent component from the bottom of column B and separating 1,3-butadiene therefrom.","label":"Process","id":2178} +{"sentence":"Methods for controlling dual catalyst olefin polymerizations with an organozinc compoundMethods for controlling properties of an olefin polymer using an organozinc compound are disclosed. The HLMI\/MI shear ratio of the polymer can be decreased and the Mz\/Mw ratio of the polymer can be increased via the addition of the organozinc compound.1. A method of controlling a polymerization reaction in a polymerization reactor system, the method comprising: (i) contacting a dual catalyst system with an olefin monomer and an optional olefin comonomer in the polymerization reactor system under polymerization conditions to produce an olefin polymer, wherein the dual catalyst system comprises a first metallocene catalyst component and a second metallocene catalyst component; and (ii) introducing an amount of an organozinc compound into the polymerization reactor system to reduce a HLMI\/MI shear ratio and\/or to increase a Mz\/Mw ratio of the olefin polymer.","label":"Catalyst","id":2179} +{"sentence":"Method for producing water-absorbent polymer foamsA process for preparing water-absorbing polymeric foams by polymerization of a foamed aqueous monomer solution or suspension, comprising an ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears acid groups and may be at least partly neutralized, a crosslinker, a photoinitiator and a surfactant.1. A process for producing water-absorbing polymeric foams comprising providing an aqueous monomer solution or suspension comprising a) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer which bears an acid group and may be at least partly neutralized, b) at least one crosslinker, c) at least one photoinitiator, and d) at least one surfactant, and e) water; foaming the aqueous monomer solution or suspension below boiling points of a) through e), polymerizing the foamed monomer solution or suspension to a polymeric foam, wherein the at least one photoinitiator is a compound of the general formula I in which R1, R2, R3, R4, and R5are each independently hydrogen or C1-C8-alkyl, where C3-C8-alkyl may be branched or unbranched, X is hydrogen, OR6, or C1-C8-alkyl, where C3-C8-alkyl may be branched or unbranched, R6is C1-C8-alkyl or C1-C8-hydroxyalkyl, where C3-C8-alkyl or C3-C8-hydroxyalkyl may be branched or unbranched, Y is C4-C8-cycloalkyl, C(R7)R8, or P(═O)R7 R7and R8are each independently C1-C8-alkyl or C6-C12-aryl, where C3-C8-alkyl or C9-C12-aryl may be branched or unbranched.","label":"Household","id":2180} +{"sentence":"Polyhedral-modified polymerA macromolecule including a polymer and a polyhedral radical chemically bonded to a terminus of the polymer provides numerous processing and performance advantages. Further functionalization of this macromolecule also is described as being advantageous in certain circumstances. Methods of providing, functionalizing, and utilizing the macromolecule also are provided.1. A method of making a functionalized polymer comprising allowing a living polymer to form a carbon atom-to-carbon atom covalent bond with a polyhedral molecule and chemically bonding to said polyhedral radical a terminating group comprising at least one heteroatom, said group being capable of exhibiting interactivity with a reinforcing filler selected from carbon black and silica.","label":"Automobile","id":2181} +{"sentence":"Crosslinked water-soluble polymer dispersionsA method of producing low-viscosity water-based water-soluble polymer dispersions having a high concentration of the principal substance is achieved by polymerizing the following monomer components, (a1) 50-99.999 wt. % of at least one water-soluble monomer; (a2) 0.001-1 wt. % of at least one crosslinking monomer with at least two ethylenically unsaturated radically polymerizable groups; (a3) 0-30 wt. %, particularly 1-25 wt. %, of at least one hydrophobic monomer; and (a4) 0-25 wt. %, particularly 0.1-15 wt. %, of at least one amphiphilic monomer, in aqueous solution, in the presence of at least one polymer dispersant, to form a polymer (A), where the sum of the amounts of the components represented by the monomers (a1), (a2), (a3), and (a4) is 100 wt. % of the monomers, the weight average molecular weight of the resulting polymer (A) is at least 500,000 Dalton, and polymer (A) is incompatible with the dispersant.1. A method of producing an aqueous dispersion of a water-soluble polymer, comprising the step of: radically polymerizing the following monomers in aqueous solution at a temperature of 0°-100° C.; (a1) 50-99.999 wt. % of at least one water-soluble monomer selected from the group consisting of a salt of (meth)acrylic acid of formula IV: (meth)acrylic acid, (meth)acrylamide of formula V: and a monomer of formula VI: where R's is hydrogen or methyl, O.sym. is an alkali metal ion, or ammonium ion or O.sym. is another monovalent positively charged ion; RIIIis hydrogen or methyl, RIVand RV,independently, are hydrogen or a C1-C5alkyl group or a functionalized C1-C5alkyl group; Z1is O, NH, or NR4,where R4is as an alkyl group with 1-4 carbon atoms; and L is the group where L1and L4are an alkylene group or a hydroxyalkylene group with 2-6 carbon atoms; L2,L3,L5,L6,and L7,independently, are hydrogen or an alkyl group with 1-6 carbon atoms; and Z is a halogen, acetate, or SO4CH3 (a2) 0.01-1 wt. % of at least one crosslinking monomer containing at least 2 ethylenically unsaturated radically polymerizable groups; (a3) 0-30 wt. % of at least one hydrophobic monomer; and (a4) 0-20 wt. % of at least one amphiphilic monomer; in the presence of at least one polymer dispersant, to form said water-soluble polymer in a dispersion; wherein the sum of the amounts of monomers (a1), (a2), (a3), and (a4) is 100% by weight of the monomers, the weight average molecular weight of said water-soluble polymer is at least 500,000 Dalton, and said water-soluble polymer is incompatible with said polymer dispersant.","label":"Household","id":2182} +{"sentence":"Particles and droplets containing liquid domains and method for forming in an aqueous mediumDisclosed are uniformly sized domains of liquid crystals, a method for forming the domains, and their performance in polymer dispersed liquid crystal displays. The method provides the ability to form discrete domains of liquid crystal surrounded by a polymer shell, also known as polymer encased liquid crystals, or PELCs. Further, the method provides for the ability to make PELCs that have uniformly sized particles. Displays made comprising uniformly sized PELCs demonstrate markedly improved electro-optical performance over displays made by conventional polymer dispersed liquid crystal processes.1. A plurality of spherical droplets, each droplet comprising: liquid crystals, dispersed in an aqueous medium, said droplets having a particle size polydispersity from 1.3 to 1.0.","label":"Automobile","id":2183} +{"sentence":"Plasticised polyvinyl chlorideEsters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids are used as plasticisers for polyvinyl chloride to enable products with comparable mechanical properties to be obtained using less polyvinyl chloride. Use of these esters also produces formulations with increased stability to ultra-violet light, improved low temperature properties, lower viscosity and improved processability as well as reduced smoke on burning. The esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may be used alone or in admixture with other plasticisers when the esters of cyclohexane polycarboxylic acids may act as viscosity depressants. Fast fusing plasticisers may also be included. The formulations are particularly useful in the production of a range of goods from semi-rigid to highly flexible materials and are particularly useful in the production of medical materials such as blood bags and tubing.1. An article selected from the group consisting of a medical tubing, a blood bag, a toy and a material used for food contact, said article comprising PVC plasticized with at least one ester of a cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, wherein said at least one ester is selected from: (i) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid di(isononyl) ester, obtainable by hydrogenating the di(isononyl)phthalate having the CAS No. 68515-48-0; (ii) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid di(isononyl) ester, obtainable by hydrogenating the di(isononyl)phthalate having the CAS No. 28553-12-0, which is based on n-butene; (iii) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid di(isononyl) ester, obtainable by hydrogenating the di(isononyl)phthalate having the CAS No. 28553-12-0, which is based on isobutene; (iv) a 1,2-di-C9-ester of cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, obtainable by hydrogenating the di(nonyl)phthalate having the CAS No. 68515-46-8 or the CAS No. 68515-45-7; (v) cyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylic acid di(isodecyl)ester, obtainable by hydrogenating a di(isodecyl)phthalate having the CAS No. 68515-49-1 (vi) a 1,2-di-C9-11-ester of cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, obtainable by hydrogenating a di-C9-11-phthalate having the CAS No. 98515-43-5; (vii) a 1,2-di(isodecyl)cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid ester, obtainable by hydrogenating a di(isodecyl)phthalate, consisting essentially of di-(2-propyl-heptyl)phthalate; and (viii) a mixture of diesters of cyclohexanoic dicarboxylic acid with a mixture of alcohols having an average carbon number between 8.5 and 9.5 in whose1H-NMR spectrum, obtained in deuterated choroform (CDC13), the ratio of the surface area below the resonance signals with chemical shifts in the range between the lowest valley close to 1.0 and 2.0 towards tetramethylsilane (TMS) to the surface area below the resonance signals with chemical shifts in the range between 0.5 and the lowest valley close to 1.0 ppm towards TMS is between 1.35 and 5.50, wherein said article comprises a plurality of layers and wherein at least two adjacent layers comprise plasticised polyvinyl chloride wherein the plasticiser in one of said two adjacent layers contains said ester of a cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid, and wherein the other of said two adjacent layers contains a phthalate ester.","label":"HouseConst","id":2184} +{"sentence":"Substituted 1,4-diamino-2-butene stabilizers and stabilized compositionsN,N,N',N'-Tetrasubstituted 1,4-diamino-2-butenes where the substituents are alkyl, cycloalkyl, aralkyl, aryl or mixtures thereof provide effective antioxidant protection to lubricants and\/or synthetic polymers.1. A composition stabilized against the deleterious effects of heat or oxygen which comprises (a) a synthetic polymer, and (b) an effective stabilizing mount of a compound of formula I, II or III wherein R1,R2,R3and R4are independently a linear or branched alkyl of 8 to 30 carbon atoms; alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms; or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms terminated with --OR5,--NR6R7,--SR8,--COOR9or --CONR10R11,where R5,R6,R7,R8and R9are independently alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms or alkenyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and R10and R11are independently hydrogen or the same meaning as R5; or alkyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms interrupted by one or more --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO2--, --CO--, --COO--, --OCO--, --CONR12--, --NR12CO-- or --NR13-- where R12and R13have the same meaning as R10; or R1,R2,R3and R4are independently cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms; or alkenyl of 3 to 20 carbon atoms; E1is aralkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms or said aralkyl substituted on the aryl ring by one to three groups selected from alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, --CN, --NO2,halogen, --OR5,--NR6R7,--SR8,--COOR9or --CONR10R11,where R5,R6,R7,R8,R9,R10and R11are as defined above, E2,E3and E4are independently a linear or branched alkyl of 1 to 30 carbon atoms; alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms substituted with cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms; or alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms terminated with --CN, --OR5,--NR6R7,--SR8,--COOR9or --CONR10R11,where R5,R6,R7,R8and R9are independently alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms or alkenyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and R10and R11are independently hydrogen or the same meaning as R5; or alkyl of 3 to 18 carbon atoms interrupted by one or more --O--, --S--, --SO--, --SO2--, --CO--, --COO--, --OCO--, --CONR12--, -- NR12CO-- or --NR13-- where R12and R13have the same meaning as R10; or E2,E3and E4are independently cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms, alkenyl of 3 to 20 carbon atoms, aralkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms or said aralkyl substituted on the aryl ring by one to three groups selected from alkyl of 1 to 12 carbon atoms, --CN; --NO2,halogen, --OR5,--NR6R7,--SR8,--COOR9or --CONR10R11,where R5,R6,R7,R8,R9,R10and R11are as defined above, or aryl of 6 to 10 carbon atoms or said aryl substituted by one to three substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, cycloalkyl of 5 to 12 carbon atoms and aralkyl of 7 to 15 carbon atoms, and T1,T2,T3and T4are independently phenyl or 1-naphthyl.","label":"Automobile","id":2185} +{"sentence":"Blends of dibenzoate plasticizersPlasticizer blends comprise a triblend of diethylene glycol dibenzoate, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate, and 1,2-propylene glycol dibenzoate, in specified ratios, useful in combination with a multitude of thermoplastic polymers, thermosetting polymers, and elastomeric polymers and numerous applications, including but not limited to plastisols, adhesives, sealants, caulks, architectural coatings, industrial coatings, OEM coatings, inks, overprint varnishes, polishes, and the like. The advantages rendered by the use of the triblend depend on the type of polymer and application in which it is utilized and include among other advantages higher solvating power and lower processing time, low VOC's, reduced plasticizer freeze point, improved gelation and fusion characteristics, higher tensile strength, superior stain and extraction resistance, and improved rheology over traditional diblends of diethylene glycol dibenzoate and dipropylene glycol dibenzoate.1. A plastisol composition, comprising: a. a polymeric dispersion; and b. a non-phthalate, high solvating plasticizer triblend comprising diethylene glycol dibenzoate present in an amount of at least about 60 wt. %, dipropylene glycol dibenzoate present in an amount of at least about 15 wt. %, and 1,2-propylene glycol dibenzoate present in an amount of at least about 20 wt. %, based upon the total weight of the triblend, wherein the Brookfield viscosity and freezing point of the triblend is lower than that achieved with a diethylene glycol dibenzoate\/dipropylene glycol dibenzoate diblend.","label":"HouseConst","id":2186} +{"sentence":"Water-absorbent resin and absorbent articleProvided are a water-absorbent resin having better water-absorption performance and being prevented from discoloring before and after storage for a long time under high temperature and high humidity, and an absorbent article including the absorbent resin. The water-absorbent resin according to the present invention is prepared by polymerizing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an internal-crosslinking agent and performing post-crosslinking with a post-crosslinking agent, wherein the water-absorbent resin satisfies the following properties: (A) a water-absorption capacity of physiological saline of 55 g\/g or more, a water-absorption capacity of physiological saline under a load of 4.14 kPa of 15 mL\/g or more, and a residual monomer content of 300 ppm or less; and (B) a yellow index of 5.0 or less and a yellow index change ratio (ΔYI) after leaving for 10 days under 70° C. and 90% RH of 10 or less.1. A water-absorbent resin prepared by polymerizing a water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer in the presence of an internal crosslinking agent and performing post-crosslinking with a post-crosslinking agent, wherein a monomer of 70 to 100 mol % in the water-soluble ethylenically unsaturated monomer is acrylic acid or salt thereof; the post-crosslinking agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of (poly)ethylene glycol diglycidyl ethers, (poly)glycerin diglycidyl ethers, (poly)glycerin triglycidyl ethers, trimethylolpropane triglycidyl ethers, (poly)propylene glycol polyglycidyl ethers, and (poly)glycerol polyglycidyl ethers; both an azo-based compound and a peroxide are present in the same stage of the polymerization; and the water-absorbent resin satisfies all of the following properties: (A) a water-absorption capacity of physiological saline of 55 g\/g or more, a water-absorption capacity of physiological saline under a load of 4.14 kPa of 15 mL\/g or more, and a residual monomer content of 300 ppm or less; and (B) a yellow index of 5.0 or less and a yellow index change ratio (ΔYI) after leaving for 10 days under 70° C. and 90% RH of 10 or less.","label":"Household","id":2187} +{"sentence":"Preparation of supported catalyst using trialkylaluminum-metallocene contact productsThe supported catalyst disclosed herein is a contact product of two components. One component is the contact product of silica containing hydroxyl groups and alumoxane. This second component is the paraffinic-hydrocarbon soluble contact product of a metallocene compound of a transition metal and a trialkylaluminum compound.1. A single-component contact product for homopolymerization of ethylene or copolymerization of ethylene and alpha-olefins, consisting of components (A) and (B), wherein component (A) is the contact product of silica containing hydroxyl groups and an alumoxane, wherein the molar ratio of hydroxyl groups in silica to aluminum in the alumoxane, ranges from 0.01 to 1.50; and component (B) is the contact product (B) of a metallocene compound of a transition metal and a trialkylaluminum compound, wherein said contact product (B) is soluble in paraffinic hydrocarbons containing at least 5 carbon atoms, wherein the metallocene transition metal compound has the formula [Equation] CpxM(R1)y(R2)Z wherein Cp is a cyclopentadienyl group, unsubstituted or substituted, or part of a bicyclic or tricyclic moiety, x is 1 or 2, or when x equals 2, the cyclopentadienyl groups can be bridged, M is zirconium, hafnium, or titanium; each of R1and R2is selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom, a hydrogen atom, and an alkyl group providing that x+y+z is equal to the valence of M; wherein the trialkylaluminum compound in said contact product (B) is characterized by the formula Al(R3)a(R4)b(R5)cwherein each of R3,R4,and R5is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group containing 1 to 10 carbon atoms, wherein R3,R4,and R5are the same or different, and wherein the sum of a+b+c is 3 and wherein said component (A) is contacted with said component (B).","label":"Catalyst","id":2188} +{"sentence":"Preparation of finely divided ferrite powdersA process for the preparation of finely divided ferrites of the general formula [Equation] MeFe2O4 (I) where Me=aMn+bNi+cZn+dCo+eFe(II), and the atomic weight ratios a, b, c, d and e are each from 0 to 1 and their sum is 1, or [Equation] M21Me21Fe12O22 (II) where M1is barium, strontium, calcium and\/or lead, and Me1is divalent manganese, copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, magnesium and\/or equimolar amounts of lithium and trivalent iron, or [Equation] M2(Me2Ti)xFe12-2xO19 (III) where M2is barium or strontium, Me2is zinc, nickel and\/or cobalt and x is from 0 to 1.5, wherein the aqueous solutions of the salts required for the particular composition are reacted with an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and\/or potassium carbonate, the water is removed, the dry salt mixture is heated at from 800° to 1200° C., and the resulting finely divided ferrite of the predetermined composition is isolated by leaching with water.1. A process for the preparation of a finely divided ferrite of the formula [Equation] MeFe2O4 (I) where Me=aMn+bNi+cZn+dCo+eFe(II), and the atomic weight ratios a, b, c, d and e are each from 0 to 1 and their sum is 1, or [Equation] M12Me12Fe12O22 (II) where M1is barium, strontium, calcium and\/or lead, and Me1is divalent manganese, copper, iron, cobalt, nickel, zinc, magnesium and\/or equimolar amounts of lithium and trivalent iron, or [Equation] M2(Me2Ti)xFe12-2xO19 (III) where M2is barium or strontium, Me2is zinc, nickel and\/or cobalt and x is from 0 to 1.5, wherein aqueous solutions of the Me, Me1,Me2,M1and\/or M2salts required for the particular composition corresponding to the formula (I), (II) or (III), with or without the addition of titanium tetrachloride, and an aqueous iron(III) chloride solution, are reacted with an aqueous solution of sodium carbonate and\/or potassium carbonate, the resulting mixture is dried without intervening filtering and washing steps, the dry salt mixture is then heated at from 800° to 1200° C. and the resulting finely divided ferrite of the predetermined composition is isolated by leaching with water.","label":"Catalyst","id":2189} +{"sentence":"Cerium promoted Fischer-Tropsch catalystsNew Fischer-Tropsch catalysts containing a Lanthanide Group element, such as cerium, exhibit improved activity over conventional catalysts and exhibit a reversal in the olefin\/paraffin ratio of low molecular weight hydrocarbons. The catalyst comprises: (a) a Group VIII metal oxide; (b) a Group IIB metal oxide; (c) a Group IVB and\/or VIIB metal oxide; (d) a Group IA metal oxide; and, (e) a Lanthanide group metal oxide.1. A hydrocarbon synthesis catalyst composition comprising sintered combination metal oxides having the following components in the stated weight percentage of the catalyst composition: (a) about 5 to about 80 weight percent of a Group VIII metal oxide; (b) about 4 to about 20 weight percent of a Group IIB metal oxide; (c) about 10 to about 40 weight percent of a Group IVB and\/or VIIB metal oxide; (d) about 1 to about 5 weight percent of a Group IA metal oxide; and, (e) about 1 to about 10 weight percent of a Lanthanum Group metal oxide, such that where the catalyst contains a Group VIII metal, said sintered combination comprises a series of spinels of a Group VIII metal, a Group IIB metal, and\/or a Group IVB metal, and\/or a Group VIIB metal, and a Group IA metal oxide in a Lanthanum Group metal oxide matrix.","label":"Catalyst","id":2190} +{"sentence":"Tripentyl citrates and their useA tripentyl citrate having an optionally acylated, preferably acetylated, OH group, a process for making the tripentyl citrate, and the use of the tripentyl citrate as a plasticizer for plastics.1. A mixture of citric esters of the formula I, wherein each of the radicals R1, R2and R3is an alkyl radical whose number of carbon atoms is 5 and the radical R4is H or a carboxylic acid radical, wherein more than 60 mol % of R1, R2and R3are n-pentyl radicals and from 30 to 0.1 mol % of R1, R2and R3are methylbutyl radicals.","label":"HouseConst","id":2191} +{"sentence":"Polyacrylic water-absorbent resin powder and method for producing the sameA method for producing a polyacrylic water-absorbent resin powder includes the steps of: producing an acrylic monomer solution in which gas is dissolved and\/or dispersed; polymerizing the monomer solution in the absence of a surface active agent or in the presence of not more than 300 ppm of a surface active agent; during or after polymerizing, fragmenting the resulting hydrated gel crosslinked polymer; and drying the fragmented hydrated gel crosslinked polymer, the gas being dissolved and\/or dispersed in the monomer solution by (a) applying pressure to the acrylic monomer solution and the gas; (b) creating swirling flows of the acrylic monomer solution and the gas; or (c) introducing the gas with the acrylic monomer solution via fine holes. The production method efficiently produces a water-absorbent resin having an excellent water-absorption rate without deteriorating a liquid-absorbent property of a sanitary product or the like.1. Polyacrylic water-absorbent resin powder having a water-absorbency index of not less than 90 and a bulk specific gravity of 0.6 [g\/cm3] to 0.8 [g\/cm3] and resulting in, when added and sedimented in a physiological saline, that the physiological saline has a surface tension of not less than 60 [mN\/m], the water-absorbency index being calculated by the following formula: (Water-absorbency index)=(FSR [g\/g\/sec])×(bulk specific gravity [g\/cm3])×(weight average particle diameter [μm]) (where FSR is a water-absorption rate of 1 g of the polyacrylic water-absorbent resin powder for absorbing 20 g of a physiological saline), wherein an SFC (Saline Flow Conductivity) is not less than 50 [×10−7·Cm3s·g−1].","label":"Household","id":2192} +{"sentence":"Process and catalyst system for polydiene productionA process for preparing a polydiene, the process comprising the step of polymerizing conjugated diene monomer with a lanthanide-based catalyst system in the presence of a vinylsilane, an allylsilane, or an allylvinylsilane.1. A process for preparing a polydiene, the process comprising the step of: polymerizing conjugated diene monomer with a lanthanide-based catalyst system in the presence of a silane compound defined by the formula Siωxθ4−x where each ω is independently a vinyl group, a substituted vinyl group, an allyl group, or a substituted allyl group, each θ is independently a hydrogen atom or a monovalent organic, or two or more θ groups may join to form a polyvalent organic group, and x is an integer from 1 to 4, where ω and θ do not include a halogen atom.","label":"Automobile","id":2193} +{"sentence":"Tree resistant cableA composition comprising polyethylene and, for each 100 parts by weight of polyethylene, about 0.1 to about 3 parts by weight of the reaction product of (i) an aliphatic diacid anhydride or a polymer or copolymer thereof wherein the anhydride has 4 to 20 carbon atoms; and (ii) a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polycaprolactone, a polyalkylene glycol, a monoalkyl ether of a polyalkylene glycol, and a mixture of two or more of said polymers, the weight ratio of component (ii) to component (i) being in the range of about 0.05:1 to about 1:1.1. A composition comprising polyethylene and, for each 100 parts by weight of polyethylene, about 0.1 to about 3 parts by weight of the reaction product of (i) an aliphatic diacid anhydride or a polymer or copolymer thereof wherein the anhydride has 4 to 20 carbon atoms; and (ii) a polycaprolactone polymer, the weight ratio of component (ii) to component (i) being in the range of about 0.05:1 to about 1:1.","label":"HouseConst","id":2194} +{"sentence":"Polyol ester plasticizers and process of making the sameTriglyceride and other polyol ester PVC plasticizers can be produced by recovery of branched C6 to C9 aldehydes from a hydroformylation product, optional hydrogenation to the alcohol, oxidation to the acid with oxygen and\/or air, recovery of the resulting acid, and esterification with glycerol, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol or mixtures thereof. The branched alkyl chains comprise at least 10% methyl branching. Special triglycerides are derived from branched aliphatic acids having alkyl chains with average carbon numbers from 6 to 9 and at least 10% methyl branching. These triglycerides are fast fusing plasticizers if before esterification with glycerol, an aryl acid is introduced together with the aliphatic acids.1. A composition comprising a triglyceride according to the formula wherein R1, R2, and R3are alkyls, and at least one of the R1, R2, and R3groups defining the acid moieties in the triglyceride, is independently selected from C4 to C9 alkyl groups, whereby, if at least one of a C4 or a C9 alkyl group is present, this C4 or C9 group is present in a mixture of aliphatic acids, and whereby the mixture of aliphatic acids has an average carbon number of at least 6 and at most 9, with the proviso that the average branching on the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties is from 0.5 to 3.0 per molecule, and wherein at least 10% of the branches on the alkyl groups of the aliphatic acid moieties are methyl branches.","label":"HouseConst","id":2195} +{"sentence":"Process for the preparation of low branch content polybutadieneA process for the preparation of low branch content polybutadiene comprising: (a) a first butadiene polymerisation stage; (b) treatment of the polymer solution obtained upon completion of stage (a) with a coupling agent selected from: (i) polyunsaturated natural oils; (ii) butadiene and\/or isoprene oligomers; (iii) butadiene and\/or isoprene co-polymers with vinylarene monomers; the unsaturations present in compounds (i)–(iii) being at least partially substituted with groups selected from epoxides, anhydrides and esters; (c) recovery of the low branch content polybutadiene obtained upon completion of stage (b).1. A process for the preparation of low branch content polybutadiene having the following characteristics: a branch index value (gM) of less than 1; a damping coefficient (tan δ) value, defined as the trigonometric tangent of the ratio between the viscous modulus (G″) and the elastic modulus (G′) [tan δ=G″\/G′] measured at 0.01 Hz, 100° C. and 1% strain, from 0.80 to 1.40; a Mooney viscosity of less than 49; Mw\/Mn less than 2.5; a 1,4-cis unit percentage greater than 93%; the aforementioned process comprising the following stages: (a) polymerisation of the butadiene in the presence of organic solvents and in the presence of a catalytic system comprising (a1) a neodymium derivative selected from neodymium carboxylates, the aforesaid neodymium carboxylates being devoid of water and —COOH groups; (a2) an aluminium alkyl of general formula (Ia) AlR43 or (Ib) AlHnR43−n wherein "n" is from 1 to 2 and R4, being either identical or differing from one another, represent an alkyl radical containing from 1 to 10 carbon atoms; (a3) an organo-aluminium derivative containing at least one halogen atom; the aforesaid first stage giving rise to a linear polybutadiene (gM=1) with a 1,4-cis unit content greater than 93%, and a Mw\/Mn ratio of less than 2.5; (b) treatment of the polymer solution obtained upon completion of stage (a) with a coupling agent, thus obtaining low branch content polybutadiene having the above mentioned characteristics; (c) recovery of the low branch content polybutadiene obtained upon completion of stage (b); the aforementioned process being characterised in that the coupling agent is selected from: (i) unsaturated natural oils; (ii) butadiene and\/or isoprene oligomers; (iii) butadiene and\/or isoprene copolymers with vinylarene monomers; the unsaturations present in compounds (i)–(iii) being at least partially substituted with groups selected from epoxides, anhydrides and esters.","label":"Automobile","id":2196} +{"sentence":"Polyacrylate superabsorbent post-polymerization neutralized with solid, non-hydroxyl neutralizing agent.A new and improved method of manufacturing an acrylic acid superabsorbent polymer, that is manufactured by any known technique, except that the acrylic acid monomer is polymerized to substantial completion before neutralization, and neutralization is accomplished by admixing a solid, e.g., powdered or granular, neutralizing agent into the acrylic acid polymer. Preferably, the neutralizing agent is a solid, non-hydroxide neutralizing agent, such as sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, ammonium carbonate or mixtures thereof. Cross-linking may be accomplished during polymerization, simultaneously with neutralization, or cross-linking may be carried out in a separate processing step subsequent to neutralization, or both.1. A method of manufacturing a polymer of acrylic acid comprising polymerizing an aqueous solution of unneutralized acrylic acid and, after polymerization is substantially complete and the unneutralized acrylic acid forms an unneutralized poly-acrylic acid gel, homogeneously and intimately mixing a solid, non-hydroxyl neutralizing agent into the gel in an amount sufficient to neutralize at least 25 mole percent of the acid moieties of said polyacrylic acid, and cross-linking said polyacrylic acid gel in an amount sufficient to make said polymer water-insoluble.","label":"Household","id":2197} +{"sentence":"Tire provided with a tread comprising a thermoplastic elastomerA tire includes a tread, a crown with a crown reinforcement, first and second sidewalls, two beads, and a carcass reinforcement anchored to the two beads and extending from the first sidewall to the second sidewall. The tread includes a thermoplastic elastomer that is a block copolymer, which includes at least one elastomer block and at least one thermoplastic block. A total content of the thermoplastic elastomer in the tread is within a range varying from 65 to 100 phr (parts by weight per hundred parts of elastomer).1. A tire comprising: a tread; a crown that includes a crown reinforcement; first and second sidewalls; two beads; and a carcass reinforcement anchored to the two beads and extending from the first sidewall to the second sidewall, wherein the tread includes at least one thermoplastic elastomer, the at least one thermoplastic elastomer being a block copolymer that includes at least one elastomer block and at least one thermoplastic block, wherein a total content of the at least one thermoplastic elastomer in the tread is within a range varying from 65 to 100 phr (parts by weight per hundred parts of elastomer), and wherein the tread does not comprise a crosslinking system.","label":"IndustConst","id":2198} +{"sentence":"Unit and process for purification of crude methyl methacrylateThe invention relates to a purification unit ( 200 ) which is able to separate crude MMA from light and heavy impurities in order to obtain high quality of MMA, suitable to produce optimal grade polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA). The unit ( 200 ) comprises two distillation columns ( 210, 250 ) in series, fed with mixture to be distilled in their median part, in order to separate each column in two upper ( 213, 253 ) and lower ( 212, 252 ) parts, the first distillation column ( 210 ) being fed with crude prewashed MMA, and the second distillation column ( 250 ) being fed with distilled liquid stream containing MMA, separated from light impurities, issued from bottom of first distillation column ( 210 ). The upper part ( 213 ) of first distillation column ( 210 ) is connected to a lateral extraction system ( 220 ), able to minimize MMA content in light impurities flowing upward said first column ( 210 ).1. A methyl methacrylate purification unit ( 200 ) able to separate methyl methacrylate (MMA) from light and heavy impurities, said unit being characterized in that it comprises: a first distillation column ( 210 ) and a second distillation column ( 250 ) in series, each distillation column fed with a mixture to be distilled into their median parts, in order to divide each distillation column into upper ( 213 , 253 ) and lower ( 212 , 252 ) parts, wherein each upper ( 213 ; 253 ) and lower ( 212 ; 252 ) part of each distillation column ( 210 , 250 ) comprises between 4 and 30 trays or plates ( 214 , 215 , 290 ; 254 , 255 ), the first distillation column ( 210 ) being fed with a first mixture comprising a crude MMA comprising light and heavy impurities, and the second distillation column ( 250 ) being fed with a second mixture comprising a distilled liquid stream containing MMA, separated from light impurities, issued from the bottom of first distillation column ( 210 ), and the upper part ( 213 ) of the first distillation column ( 210 ) is connected to a lateral extraction system ( 220 ), able to minimize an MMA content in an obtained vapor of light impurities flowing upward said first distillation column ( 210 ), wherein the bottom of each distillation column ( 210 , 250 ) is connected to a reboiler system ( 241 ; 271 ) that is able to re-inject a respective vaporized part of a first liquid phase and a second liquid phase, respectively into the respective lower parts ( 212 , 252 ) of each distillation column, while a part of each respective liquid phase flows towards a respective pump ( 242 , 272 ), wherein the distilled liquid stream from the first reboiler system ( 241 ) comprises less than 200 ppm of water, less than 10 ppm of methanol and\/or acetone and less than 500 ppm of total light impurities, wherein the lateral extraction system ( 220 ) comprises a feeding pipe ( 221 ) for adding cold water to a stream comprising light impurities and containing an MMA-water azeotropic mixture extracted from an extraction liquid outlet ( 216 ) located in the upper part ( 213 ) of first distillation column ( 210 ), a cooling device ( 222 ) for cooling the stream containing the azeotropic mixture and the cold water obtained from the extraction liquid outlet, wherein said cooling device is fed with cooling water having at a temperature between 20° C. and 34° C., and a settler ( 223 ) for obtaining a phase separation between an aqueous phase containing water and methanol, and an organic phase containing MMA and light impurities, said settler ( 223 ) being connected to an inlet ( 217 ) of the first distillation column ( 210 ) located below said extraction liquid outlet ( 216 ), in order to re-inject the organic phase containing MMA inside the upper part ( 213 ) of said first distillation column ( 210 ), wherein the top of each distillation column ( 210 , 250 ) is connected to respective condenser systems ( 230 , 260 ) for liquefying the obtained vapor of the first distillation column and an obtained vapor of the second distillation column, respectively, the condenser systems comprising reflux drums ( 234 ; 264 ) which recover respective obtained liquid streams from the respective condensers, and pumps ( 239 , 269 ) which recycle parts of said obtained liquid streams into the respective upper parts ( 213 , 253 ) of said distillation columns, wherein each condenser system ( 230 , 260 ) comprises a first condenser ( 231 ; 261 ) being fed with cooling water at a temperature between 20° C. and 34° C. and a second condenser placed downstream of the first condenser and fed with chilling water at a temperature between 4° C. and 15° C., wherein each condenser system ( 230 , 260 ) further comprises another condenser ( 235 ; 265 ) fed with liquid brine or glycol water at a temperature comprised between −20° C. and −5° C., wherein said upper parts ( 213 , 253 ) of each distillation column ( 210 , 250 ) comprise respective inlets (I 1 , I 2 ) for feeding an inhibitor (INHIB) able to prevent polymerization of MMA, wherein said settler ( 223 ) and said first condenser ( 231 ) of said first condenser system ( 230 ) each comprise inlets ( 13 , 14 ) for feeding the inhibitor (INHIB) able to prevent polymerization of MMA.","label":"Process","id":2199} +{"sentence":"Method for lubricating PVC plasticsA method for lubricating\/releasing polyvinyl chloride, its copolymers, or polymer mixtures thereof, in which there is added a polyester comrising the polycondensation product of a C12-24hydroxy carboxylic acid containing a secondary hydroxyl moiety, which may be chain terminated by a C8-24monocarboxylic acid or glycerol.1. A method for lubricating\/releasing a polymeric substance comprising polyvinly chloride, its copolymers, or polymer mixtures thereof comprising adding to 100 parts by weight of the polymeric substance to be treated about 0.3 to 3 parts by weight of a polyester consisting essentially of: the polycondensation product of at least one C12-24-hydroxycarboxylic acid containing a secondary hydroxyl moiety, or said polycondensation product with at least one C8-24monocarboxylic acid, glycerol, or a mixture thereof, as a chain terminator; said polyester having a comb-like structure.","label":"HouseConst","id":2200} +{"sentence":"Organo-lithium compounds and a process for their preparationOrgano-lithium compounds of the formula: wherein R is an alkyl group of up to 5 carbon atoms, R' is either hydrogen or an alkyl group of up to 5 carbon atoms and n is an integer from 2 to 10. These bifunctional organo-lithium compounds are prepared without the use of any polar or complexing agent and are useful as polymerization initiators for the production of block copolymers.1. Organo-lithium compounds of the formula: wherein n is an integer from 2 to 10, R's is either hydrogen or an alkyl group having up to 5 carbon atoms, and R is an alkyl group having up to 5 carbons atoms, the optimal ultraviolet absorption being characterized by a wave-length of 335 nm and by a molar extinction coefficient of 1.5×104mole-1\/l\/cm-1.","label":"Automobile","id":2201} +{"sentence":"Process for suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride employing mixed protective colloidsAn improvement in the process of producing polyvinyl chloride by the suspension process in the presence of protective colloids by utilizing a protective colloid mixture of from 20% to 80% of the protective colloid mixture of a polyvinyl acetate having a hydrolysis degree of 40 to 55 mol % and the remainder of the protective colloid mixture of (1) a water-soluble polyvinyl alcohol having a hydrolysis degree of 70 to 90 mol %, or (2) an aminoethyl-hydroxypropyl cellulose having a molar substitution of from 0.05 to 1.5 mols of aminoethyl groups and 3 to 5 mols of hydroxypropyl groups, or (3) a vinyl acetate\/vinyl pyrrolidone copolymer having a ratio of vinyl pyrrolidone to vinyl acetate in the copolymer of 50% to 70% by weight to 30% to 50% by weight and a K-value of 25 to 40. By the use of this protective colloid mixture, the polyvinyl chloride produced exhibits a large absorption of plasticizer and gives finished products having a low number of specks.1. In the process for the production of polyvinyl chloride comprising the steps of heating an aqueous suspension of monomers selected from the group consisting of vinyl chloride and mixtures of vinyl chloride with up to 20% by weight of monomers copolymerizable with vinyl chloride under suspension polymerization conditions in the presence of from 0.01% to 0.3% by weight, based on the weight of monomers, of at least one monomer-soluble free-radical polymerization catalyst, and from 0.05% to 0.5% by weight, based on the weight of the monomers, of at least two protective colloids, at a pH of from 3 to 8 and the autogenous vinyl chloride pressure, to a temperature of from 30° C. to 70° C. for a time sufficient to effect polymerization and recovering said polyvinyl chloride having a K-value of from 40 to 80, the improvement consisting of utilizing a mixture of a first component of from 20% to 80% of the weight of said mixture of a polyvinyl acetate having a hydrolysis degree of 40 to 50 mol % and a viscosity, measured in a 4% solution of a 1:1 mixture of isopropanol and water at 20° C. by the Hoppler falling-ball viscosimeter, of from 5 to 15 mPas, and the remainder of said mixture being a second component of protective colloid being an aminoethyl-hydroxypropyl cellulose having a molar substitution of from 0.05 to 1.5 mols of aminoethyl groups and from 3 to 4 mols of hydroxypropyl groups and a viscosity, measured in a 2% aqueous solution at 20° C. and a pH of 5, of from 50 to 500 mPas, as said at least two protective colloids, whereby said polyvinyl chloride has a low tendency to form specks and a high plasticizer absorption capacity.","label":"HouseConst","id":2202} +{"sentence":"Metal surfaces to inhibit ethylenically unsaturated monomer polymerizationMaterials for making apparatus and a method of inhibiting polymerization during manufacture, purification, handling and storage of subject ethylenically unsaturated monomers are disclosed. In particular, copper or metals containing copper, in the presence of oxygen, have inhibit undesired polymerization resulting in polymer fouling in apparatus used during the manufacture, purification, handling and storage of the monomers, such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, acrylic acid esters and methacrylic acid esters. The copper or copper alloys as described herein, in the presence of an oxygen-containing gas, exhibit self-inhibiting surface characteristics when used to make at least a portion of the apparatus to inhibit polymerization of the monomers in contact with the portion of the apparatus including such copper-containing metal.1. A method for inhibiting polymerization during at least one of manufacture, purification, handling and storage of a subject ethylenically unsaturated monomer, the method comprising the steps of: introducing the monomer into apparatus for at least one of the manufacture, purification, handling and storage of the monomer, at least a portion of the apparatus in contact with the ethylenically unsaturated monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, an alpha alkyl acrylic acid, an alpha alkyl acrylic ester, a beta alkyl acrylic acid, a beta alkyl acrylic ester, methacrylic acid, an ester of acrylic acid other than methyl acrylate and 2-ethylhecyl acrylate, an ester of methacrylic acid, vinyl acetate, a vinyl acetate, a vinyl ester, a polyunsaturated carboxylic acid, a polyunsaturated ester, maleic acid, a maleic ester, maleic anhydride, and acetoxystyrene comprising a metal alloy containing sufficient copper to inhibit, in the presence of a gas containing oxygen, polymerization of the monomer within the apparatus, wherein said metal alloy comprises more than 40% nickel and cobalt, 25% to less than 60% copper and not more than 2.5% iron; and providing a gas containing oxygen in the interior of the apparatus containing the monomer; thereby inhibiting polymerization of the monomer in the apparatus.","label":"Process","id":2203} +{"sentence":"Method of and apparatus for manufacturing ethyleneA method of making ethylene consisting in processing an ethylene gas condensate which is passed through a de-ethanizer to separate as gases the C2-hydrocarbons with two carbon atoms, cooling said hydrocarbons to condensate a part thereof, feeding said hydrocarbons into a separator where the condensed phase is separated and recycled to the de-ethanizer, and feeding the non-condensed fraction of said hydrocarbons into an ethylene-recovering unit with which is associated a reboiling system for heating the fluid taken from said unit prior to recycling it to the latter, and further comprising the step of exchanging heat between the hydrocarbons from the de-ethanizer and the reflux fluid from said reboiling system so as to at least partially condensate the hydrocarbons fed to said separator.1. In a method for recovering ethylene from a condensate of ethylene gas comprising the steps of passing said condensate to a de-ethanizer and recovering therefrom in a gaseous condition hydrocarbons containing two carbon atoms, cooling said hydrocarbons to at least partially condense said hydrocarbons, separating the condensed and non-condensed phases, recycling said condensed phase to said de-ethanizer and feeding said non-condensed phase to an ethylene recovery unit having associated therewith a reboiling system for heating fluid taken from said unit prior to recycle of said fluid to said unit, the improvement comprising effecting an additional heat exchange in an additional and intermediate reboiler system associated with said unit, said additional heat exchange being effected between said gaseous hydrocarbons containing two carbons recovered from said de-ethanizer and the recycling liquid from said ethylene recovery unit in said additional and intermediate reboiler system, and wherein the head of the de-ethanizer is operating at a pressure of between about 18 and 33 bars and a temperature between about -5° C. and -25° C., and the head of the ethylene recovery unit is operating at a pressure of between about 15 and 25 bars.","label":"Process","id":2204} +{"sentence":"Continuous synthesis method for a modified diene elastomer, facility for implementing sameA continuous method for synthesizing a diene elastomer includes modifying the diene elastomer in a functionalizing device by: a kinetic model according to which the ratio of the rate constants is greater than 1, and a flow represented by a residence time distribution in the functionalizing device that is expressed according to equations 1 or 3: (i) in a functionalizing device having at least one tubular continuous reactor or having at least one cascade of at least two stirred reactors, (ii) in a functionalizing device that is a combination of the device (i) and of a device having at least one continuous stirred reactor, having a residence time distribution characterized by the following equation: the device (ii) having a residence time distribution characterized by the equation 3 below, which is the result of the convolution of equations 1 and 2:1. A method for the continuous synthesis of a modified diene elastomer, comprising the steps: of anionic polymerization of at least one conjugated diene monomer in the presence of a polymerization initiator, of modifying the diene elastomer in a functionalizing device, by bringing the living diene elastomer bearing an active site obtained in the previous step into contact, in a single step, with a non-polymerizable functionalizing agent comprising a trialkoxysilane group, and optionally a function capable of interacting with a reinforcing filler, the modification comprising three reactions in series Reactions Mechanism R1 PLi + Ak1fi PA R2 PLi + PAk2fi P2A R3 PLi + P2Ak3fi P3A where A represents the functionalizing agent, PLi represents a living elastomer chain, PA represents the chain-end functionalized elastomer, P2A represents the coupled elastomer, P3A represents the three-arm star-shaped elastomer, and ki represents the rate constant of the reaction Ri, that are carried out according to the following rate law: Reactions Rate of reaction R1 V1 = k1[PLi][A] R2 V2 = k2[PLi][PA] R3 V3 = k3[PLi][P2A] where k1, k2 and k3 are the rate constants respectively of the reactions R1, R2 and R3 (expressed in (m3\/mol)·s−1), [PLi] is the concentration of living chains (expressed in mol\/m3), [A] is the concentration of modifying agent A (expressed in mol\/m3), [PA] is the concentration of chain-end functionalized elastomer (expressed in mol\/m3), [P2A] is the concentration of coupled elastomer (expressed in mol\/m3), [P3A] is the concentration of the three-arm star-shaped elastomer (expressed in mol\/m3), with a ratio of the rate constants, defined as:  of greater than 1, and the residence time distribution in a functionalizing device (i) or (ii) is expressed respectively according to equations 1 or 3 below: (i) in a functionalizing device having at least one tubular continuous reactor or having at least one cascade of at least two stirred reactors, in which: P is the dimensionless parameter of resistance to dispersion, θ1 is the residence time defined as the reactor volume\/total volume flow rate ratio, equal to at least 0.1 minute and at most to 10 minutes, t is the variable time of the residence time distribution, (ii) in a functionalizing device that is a combination of the device (i) and of a device having at least one continuous stirred reactor, having a residence time distribution characterized by the following equation: in which: θ2 is the residence time defined as the reactor volume\/total volume flow rate ratio, between 0 and 60 minutes, t is the variable time of the residence time distribution, the device (ii) having a residence time distribution characterized by the equation 3 below, which is the result of the convolution of equations 1 and 2: in which: θ1 and θ2 are the residence times as defined above, P is the dimensionless parameter of resistance to dispersion, t is the variable time of the residence time distribution, T is the integration variable.","label":"Automobile","id":2205} +{"sentence":"Phenol purificationIn the production of high purity phenol, a water-phenol mixture recovered from the top of a distillation column is contacted with a water immiscible solvent to extract methyl benzofuran and other by-products and impurities in phenol production therefrom, with the extraction being accomplished at a temperature at which the water-phenol mixture is present as a single phase liquid. The remaining mixture of phenol and water is recycled to the distillation.1. A process for purifying phenol comprising: distilling in the presence of water a crude phenol containing impurities comprising methylbenzofuran to recover as separate streams a mixture of phenol and water, containing said impurities, and phenol having a reduced quantity of impurities; contacting the recovered mixture with a water immiscible extraction solvent to extract impurities from said mixture, said contacting being effected at a temperature at which the water and phenol in the mixture are completely miscible to provide said water-phenol mixture (is) as a single-phase liquid, said extraction solvent being employed in an amount whereby at least 60% of the phenol of the recovered mixture is contained in a remaining mixture of water and phenol; and separating the solvent containing extracted impurities from the remaining mixture of water and phenol, said remaining mixture containing at least 60% of the phenol in the recovered mixture subjected to said contacting.","label":"Process","id":2206} +{"sentence":"PROCESS FOR PRODUCING MODIFIED DIENE POLYMER RUBBERThere is provided a process for producing a modified diene polymer rubber comprising the steps of: (1) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer or a combination thereof with an aromatic vinyl monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent, in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst, to form an alkali metal end-carrying active polymer, and (2) reacting the alkali metal end-carrying active polymer with a silane compound defined by a specific formula.1 . A process for producing a modified diene polymer rubber comprising the steps of: (1) polymerizing a conjugated diene monomer or a combination thereof with an aromatic vinyl monomer in a hydrocarbon solvent, in the presence of an alkali metal catalyst, to form an alkali metal end-carrying active polymer, and (2) reacting the alkali metal end-carrying active polymer with a compound represented by the following formula (1), wherein R1, R2and R3are independently of one another an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R4and R5are independently of each other an alkyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms; and n is 0 (zero) or an integer of 1 to 10.","label":"Automobile","id":2207} +{"sentence":"Odor control materialAn absorbent article is disclosed for absorbing bodily fluids which has incorporated therein an odor control material for decreasing bodily odor which material comprises a zeolite having an average particle size (distribution by weight in sieve analysis) of at least 200 um. The zeolite may optionally be mixed with an absorbent gelling material and\/or activated carbon.1. An absorbent article having an odour control material for decreasing bodily odour associated with bodily fluids, the odour control material consisting of zeolite particles having an average particle size of at least 200 μm.","label":"Household","id":2208} +{"sentence":"Polyvinyl chloride dispersion resinThere is provided a polyvinyl chloride dispersion resin from which a product having excellent clarity and heat resistance can be obtained, and which has improved pulverization efficiency and increased recovery percentage in the production process, a plastisol composition and a plastigel composition using the same. The polyvinyl chloride dispersion resin of the present invention is obtained by polymerization using 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of an ammonium salt emulsifier based on 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride monomer, wherein the polyvinyl chloride dispersion resin has a specific surface area of 5 to 10 m 2 \/g and comprises (A) 10 to 60% by weight of a particle having a particle diameter distribution of less than 0.5 μm and having at least one peak diameter of the distribution in the range of at least 0.1 μm to less than 0.5 μm and (B) 40 to 90% by weight of a particle having a particle diameter distribution of at least 0.5 μm and having at least one peak diameter of the distribution in the range of at least 0.5 μm to at most 1.3 μm.1 . A polyvinyl chloride dispersion resin which is obtained by polymerization using 0.1 to 5.0 parts by weight of at least one ammonium salt emulsifier selected from the group consisting of an ammonium carboxylate salt emulsifier, an ammonium sulfate salt emulsifier and an ammonium sulfonate salt emulsifier, based on 100 parts by weight of a vinyl chloride monomer, wherein the polyvinyl chloride dispersion resin has a specific surface area of 5 to 10 m 2 \/g and comprises (A) 10 to 60% by weight of a particle having a particle diameter distribution of less than 0.5 μm and having at least one peak diameter of the distribution in the range of at least 0.1 μm to less than 0.5 μm and (B) 40 to 90% by weight of a particle having a particle diameter distribution of at least 0.5 μm and having at least one peak diameter of the distribution in the range of at least 0.5 μm to at most 1.3 μm.","label":"HouseConst","id":2209} +{"sentence":"Absorbent structure with superabsorbent materialAn absorbent structure made at least in part from a superabsorbent material having a retention capacity (CRC) as determined by a Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test of at least about 25 g\/g and a free swell gel bed permeability (GBP) as determined by a Free Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test of at least 575×10 −9 cm 2 . In another embodiment, the absorbent structure is made at least in part from a superabsorbent material having a retention capacity (CRC) as determined by a Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test of at least about 25 g\/g, an absorbency under load (AUL) at 0.9 psi as determined by an Absorbency Under Load Test of at least 18 and a free swell gel bed permeability (GBP) as determined by a Free Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test of at least about 350×10 −9 cm 2 .1 . An absorbent structure comprising at least in part a superabsorbent material having a retention capacity (CRC) as determined by a Centrifuge Retention Capacity Test of at least about 25 g\/g and a free swell gel bed permeability (GBP) as determined by a Free Swell Gel Bed Permeability Test of at least 575×10 −9 cm 2 .","label":"Household","id":2210} +{"sentence":"Fluid-absorbing polymers, processes used in their production and their applicationPAL The present invention relates to superabsorbent cross-linked polymers for watery liquids, which are built-up of partially neutralized monomers having monoethylenlcally unsaturated acid groups, optionally further monomers copolymerizable therewith, as well as polymers optionally suitable as graft basis, and which can be manufactured by using a cross-linker\/monomer combination of EQU CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHR.sup.6 --CO--(OCHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.3).sub.z O--CH.sub.2 --CHR.sup.6 .dbd.CH.sub.2 EQU CH.sub.2 .dbd.CHR.sup.6 --R.sup.5 --(OCHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.3).sub.v OR.sup.4 EQU R.sup.1 --[O(CHR.sup.3 --CHR.sup.3 O).sub.u --CO--R.sup.2 !.sub.x, and\/or di- or triallylamine and\/or bisacrylamide PAL with PAL R.sup.1 : multivalent C2-10-alkyl, PAL R.sup.2 : linear or branched C2-10-alkenyl, PAL R.sup.3 : H, CH.sub.3, C.sub.2 H.sub.5, PAL R.sup.4 : H, linear or branched C1-10-alkyl, PAL R.sup.6 : CO, CH.sub.2 PAL R.sup.8 : H, CH.sub.3 PAL x: 2-6 PAL u: 0-15 PAL V: 1-45 PAL z: 3-20 PAL As compared with the state of the art, the polymers according to the present invention have an improved combination of the properties retention, liquid absorption under pressure at 63 g\/cm.sup.2 and soluble contents, moreover, they have an Increased permeability of the gel layer for watery liquids, a high suction rate, and a high swelling pressure. The polymers are used as absorbents for water and watery liquids in constructions for the absorption of body fluids, In electricity or light-conducting cables, and in plant raising.1. A cross-linked polymer useful for absorbing watery liquids, built-up of partially neutralized monomers having monoethylenically unsaturated acid groups and optionally further monomers copolymerizable therewith, wherein the polymer is manufactured with use of a combination of components [Equation] CH2=CR6--Co--(OCHR3--CHR3)zO--CH2--CR6'sCH2, [Equation] CH2=CR6--R5--(OCHR3--CHR3)vOR4,and [Equation] R1--[O(CHR3--CHR3O)u--CO--R2!x,and\/or di- or triallylamine and\/or bisacrylamide; wherein R1is a multivalent C2-10-alkyl, R2is a linear or branched C2-10-alkenyl, R3is H, CH3, or C2H5, R4is H, or linear or branched C1-10-alkyl, R5is CO or CH2, R6is H or CH3, x is 2-6, u is 0-15, v is 1-45, and z is 3-20, wherein the polymer contains 0.05-1.0% by weight of component I, 0.1-10% by weight of component II, and 0.01-1.0% by weight of component III, relative to the total weight of monomers in the polymer.","label":"Household","id":2211} +{"sentence":"Silane-modified polyvinyl alcohol mixturesSilane-modified polyvinyl alcohol mixtures comprising: a) a low molecular weight, silane-containing polyvinyl alcohol having a Höppler viscosity according to DIN 53015 as a 4% by weight aqueous solution of from 1 to 25 mPas, and b) a higher molecular weight, silane-containing polyvinyl alcohol having a Höppler viscosity according to DIN 53015 as a 4% by weight aqueous solution of from 10 to 50 mPas, the silane-containing polyvinyl alcohol a) having a lower Höppler viscosity than the silane-containing polyvinyl alcohol b), are useful as non-dilatant polymeric binders for paper coating slips.1. A silane-modified polyvinyl alcohol mixture comprising: a) at least one silane-group-containing polyvinyl alcohol copolymer having a Höppler viscosity according to DIN 53015 as a 4% by weight aqueous solution of from 1 to 6 mPas, and b) a silane-group-containing polyvinyl alcohol copolymer having a Höppler viscosity according to DIN 53015 as a 4% strength by weight aqueous solution of from 28 to 50 mPas, the silane-group-containing polyvinyl alcohol copolymer a) having a lower Höppler viscosity than the silane-group-containing polyvinyl alcohol copolymer b).","label":"Automobile","id":2212} +{"sentence":"Catalyst for synthesizing high trans polymersThe process and catalyst of this invention can be utilized to synthesize homo and copolymers of conjugated diene monomers and vinyl aromatic monomers having high trans contents of greater than 60% with low melting points. These homo and copolymers of conjugated diene monomers and vinyl aromatic monomers can be utilized in tire tread and sidewall rubbers that exhibit outstanding wear and tear characteristics in the tread and excellent flexing properties in the sidewall. The rubber polymers of this invention are made utilizing an improved catalyst system. This catalyst system is comprised of (a) organo aluminum compounds, (b) organo lithium compounds, (c) a barium compound selected from barium salts of (i) di(ethylene glycol) ethyl ether, (ii) di(ethylene glycol) propyl ether, (iii) di(ethylene glycol) hexyl ether, (iv) di(N,N-dimethyl amino glycol) ethyl ether, (v) menthol and thymol in the presence of polar modifier consisting of water, alcohols, amines, thiols, phosphates and phosphites. The trans polymers and copolymers of this invention made with the above catalyst system typically have a glass transition temperature ranging from −97° C. to −40° C., a melt temperature ranging from −30° C. to +30° C., and a number average molecular weight from 20,000 to 250,000. The inclusion of such polar modifiers in the barium catalyst system results in a high styrene content in copolymerization, a high trans content, and high molecular weight. Copolymers of conjugated diolefin monomers and vinyl aromatic monomers made with the catalyst system of this invention also have a tapered macrostructure.1. A process for synthesizing trans-1,4-polybutadiene which comprises polymerizing 1,3 -butadiene monomer in the presence of a catalyst system which is comprised of (a) an organolithium compound, (b) a barium compound, (c) an organoaluminum compound, (d) water, and (e) a lithium salt of a cyclic alcohol, wherein the polymerization is conducted in the presence of 10 ppm to 100 ppm of the water.","label":"Automobile","id":2213} +{"sentence":"Olefin Oligomerization catalysts and Methods of Making and Using SameThis disclosure provides for a process for preparing a catalyst system comprising a) contacting a metal compound, a diphosphino aminyl ligand metal complex, and a metal alkyl for a time period to form a mixture; and b) aging the mixture. The disclosure also provides for olefin oligomerization process comprising: a) contacting i) a metal compound, ii) a diphosphino aminyl ligand, and iii) a metal alkyl to form a mixture; b) aging the mixture; c) contacting the aged mixture with an olefin monomer; and d) forming an olefin oligomer product.1 . An olefin oligomerization process comprising: a) contacting i) a metal compound, ii) a diphosphino aminyl ligand, and iii) a metal alkyl to form a mixture; b) aging the mixture in the substantial absence of an olefin monomer to form an aged mixture; c) contacting the aged mixture with an olefin monomer; and d) forming an olefin oligomer product under conditions suitable for forming an olefin oligomer product.","label":"Catalyst","id":2214} +{"sentence":"Absorbing agent, process of manufacturing same, and absorbent product containing sameAn absorbing agent has a diffusing absorbency under pressure of not less than 25 g\/g when 60 minutes elapsed after absorption is started, and a water-soluble content is above 0 percent by weight and not more than 7 percent by weight. The absorbing agent is prepared by surface-crosslinking a precursor of the absorbing agent obtained by performing an aqueous solution polymerization of a hydrophilic unsaturated monomer having not less than 50 mole percent neutralized acrylic acid as a main component using a specific crosslinking agent having a main component composed of an ester compound of a specific polyhydroxy alcohol and an unsaturated carboxylic acid, and a high-boiling component having at least two alcohol structures in a molecule as a specific ratio. As a result, an absorbing agent having excellent properties such as the diffusing absorbency under pressure is high, the water soluble content is small, and the amount of wet back of the aqueous liquid after a long period of time is small, water absorbency under pressure can be stably maintained for a long period of time can be achieved.1. An absorbing agent formed from a precursor prepared by performing an aqueous solution polymerization of a hydrophilic unsaturated monomer having at least 50 mole percent neutralized acrylic acid as a main component, and having a crosslinked density in the vicinity of a surface of said agent higher than a crosslinked density at an inside portion thereof, said absorbing agent having a diffusing absorbency under pressure of not less than 25 g\/g when 60 minutes have elapsed after absorption has started.","label":"Household","id":2215} +{"sentence":"Group 4 metal compound containing thiophene-fused cyclopentadienyl ligand derived from tetraquinoline derivative and olefin polymerization using the sameThe present invention relates to a novel ligand derived from a tetrahydroquinoline derivative, and a transition metal compound prepared using the ligand, where an amido ligand is linked to an ortho-phenylene ligand to form a condensed ring and a 5-membered cyclic pi-ligand linked to the ortho-phenylene ligand is fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand. Compared with the catalysts not fused with a heterocyclic thiophene ligand, the transition metal compound of the present invention as activated with a co-catalyst has higher catalytic activity in olefin polymerization and provides a polymer with higher molecular weight.1. A transition metal compound represented by the following formula 1: wherein M is a Group 4 transition metal; Q1and Q2are independently a halogen, C1-C20 alkyl, C2-C20 alkenyl, C2-C20 alkynyl, C6-C20 aryl, C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl, C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl, C1-C20 alkylamido, C6-C20 arylamido, or C1-C20 alkylidene; R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, and R10are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; or C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group, wherein R1and R2can be linked to each other to form a ring; R3and R4can be linked to each other to form a ring; and at least two of R5to R10can be linked to each other to form a ring; and R11, R12, and R13are independently hydrogen; C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C2-C20 alkenyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkyl C6-C20 aryl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C6-C20 aryl C1-C20 alkyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 silyl with or without an acetal, ketal, or ether group; C1-C20 alkoxy; or C6-C20 aryloxy, wherein R11and R12, or R12and R13can be linked to each other to form a ring.","label":"Catalyst","id":2216} +{"sentence":"Olefin polymerization process with improved operability and polymer propertiesEthylene and optional comonomers are polymerized in the presence of an organozinc compound and a catalyst system to produce an ethylene polymer. The catalyst system comprises a bridged indenoindolyl Group 3-10 transition metal complex and an activator. The organozinc compound is used in an amount effective to increase the polymer bulk density compared with that observed in the absence of the organozinc compound. The organozinc compound can also narrow the particle size distribution of the polymer and the wt. % of polyolefin chunks produced. The operability of processes utilizing bridged indenoindolyl metal complexes is enhanced while maintaining desirably high polyolefin molecular weights.1. A process which comprises polymerizing ethylene in the presence of an organozinc compound and a catalyst system comprising a bridged indenoindolyl Group 3-10 transition metal complex and an activator to produce an ethylene polymer having a weight average molecular weight, Mw, within the range of 150,000 to 400,000, wherein the organozinc compound is present in an amount effective to increase the polymer bulk density compared with that observed in the absence of the organozinc compound.","label":"Catalyst","id":2217} +{"sentence":"Process for the mass polymerization of vinyl chlorideA process is described for the two-stage mass polymerization of vinyl chloride, in which 0.1 to 3% by weight, relative to the monomer employed, of one or more of the following compounds which are known as heat stabilizers for polyvinyl chloride: monoalkyltin-IV or dialkyltin-IV compounds in which the residual valencies of the tin are attached to organic radicals via sulfur atoms, and\/or aminocrotonic acid esters, are added to the polymerization mixture when a conversion of 65 to 85% has been reached. After thorough removal of the unreacted vinyl chloride from the resulting polymer, preferably at temperatures above the glass transition point of the polymer, products are obtained which have an improved color in comparison with polyvinyl chloride produced by conventional mass polymerization.1. In a process for the mass polymerization of vinyl chloride at 30 to 80% C under pressure and with agitation of the polymerization mixture, in the presence of at least one peroxide polymerization catalyst which decomposes to form free radicals and of at least one heat stabilizer for polyvinyl chloride, and also in the presence of up to 30% by weight, relative to the final polymerization mixture, of monomers which are copolymerizable with vinyl chloride and also in the presence of polymerization auxiliary substances but in absence of major amounts of water in two stages, the transition from the first to the second polymerization stage taking place when 6 to 20% by weight of the monomer(s) employed in the first stage have been converted into polymer, and the polymerization in the second stage being completed when 65 to 90% by weight of the total monomer(s) employed have been converted into polymer, the unreacted monomer(s) then being removed from the polymer formed down to residual contents of less than 0.001% by weight, relative to the polymer, the improvement which comprises adding without any lubricants, pigments and polymeric polymer modifiers to the polymerization mixture, in the second polymerization stage when 60 to 85% by weight of the total monomer(s) employed have been converted into polymer, but when, after the completion of the polymerization, no monomer has yet been removed from the polymerization mixture, 0.01 to 3% by weight, relative to total monomers employed, of at least one heat stabilizer selected from the group consisting of aminocrotonic acid ester and monoalkyltin (IV) or dialkyltin-(IV) compound in which the residual valencies of the tin are attached to organic radicals via sulfur atoms.","label":"HouseConst","id":2218} +{"sentence":"Superabsorbent-containing compositesSuperabsorbent-containing composites containing at least one particle of a superabsorbent material covered with at least a first layer of at least one particle of at least one coating material. The superabsorbent materials are desirably stiff-gelling superabsorbent materials. The superabsorbent-containing composites of the present invention are particularly suitable for use in sanitary napkins, diapers and other disposable absorbent articles that handle complex fluids.1. A superabsorbent-containing composite comprising at least one particle of a stiff-gelling superabsorbent material covered with at least a first layer of at least one particle of at least one coating material, the first layer of the coating material being in intimate association with and covering the surface of the superabsorbent material, the superabsorbent material being capable of selectively removing at least a portion of an amount of at least one specific component of a complex fluid and the coating material being capable of selectively removing at least a portion of an amount of at least one other specific component of the complex fluid.","label":"Household","id":2219}