Datasets:

dsfsi
/

vukuzenzele-sentence-aligned

---
language:
- eng
- afr
- nbl
- xho
- zul
- sot
- nso
- tsn
- ssw
- ven
- tso
license: cc-by-4.0
task_categories:
- sentence-similarity
- translation
pretty_name: The Vuk'uzenzele South African Multilingual Corpus
tags:
- multilingual
- government
arxiv: 2303.0375
configs:
- config_name: afr-eng
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-eng/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-eng/test-*
  - split: eval
    path: afr-eng/eval-*
- config_name: afr-nbl
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-nbl/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-nbl/test-*
  - split: eval
    path: afr-nbl/eval-*
- config_name: afr-nso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-nso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-nso/test-*
- config_name: afr-sot
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-sot/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-sot/test-*
- config_name: afr-ssw
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-ssw/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-ssw/test-*
- config_name: afr-tsn
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-tsn/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-tsn/test-*
- config_name: afr-tso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-tso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-tso/test-*
- config_name: afr-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-ven/test-*
- config_name: afr-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-xho/test-*
- config_name: afr-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: afr-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: afr-zul/test-*
- config_name: default
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: data/train-*
  - split: test
    path: data/test-*
- config_name: eng-nbl
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-nbl/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-nbl/test-*
- config_name: eng-nso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-nso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-nso/test-*
- config_name: eng-sot
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-sot/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-sot/test-*
- config_name: eng-ssw
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-ssw/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-ssw/test-*
- config_name: eng-tsn
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-tsn/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-tsn/test-*
- config_name: eng-tso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-tso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-tso/test-*
- config_name: eng-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-ven/test-*
- config_name: eng-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-xho/test-*
- config_name: eng-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: eng-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: eng-zul/test-*
- config_name: nbl-nso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-nso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-nso/test-*
- config_name: nbl-sot
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-sot/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-sot/test-*
- config_name: nbl-ssw
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-ssw/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-ssw/test-*
- config_name: nbl-tsn
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-tsn/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-tsn/test-*
- config_name: nbl-tso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-tso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-tso/test-*
- config_name: nbl-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-ven/test-*
- config_name: nbl-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-xho/test-*
- config_name: nbl-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nbl-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nbl-zul/test-*
- config_name: nso-sot
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nso-sot/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nso-sot/test-*
- config_name: nso-ssw
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nso-ssw/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nso-ssw/test-*
- config_name: nso-tsn
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nso-tsn/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nso-tsn/test-*
- config_name: nso-tso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nso-tso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nso-tso/test-*
- config_name: nso-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nso-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nso-ven/test-*
- config_name: nso-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nso-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nso-xho/test-*
- config_name: nso-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: nso-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: nso-zul/test-*
- config_name: sot-ssw
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: sot-ssw/train-*
  - split: test
    path: sot-ssw/test-*
- config_name: sot-tsn
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: sot-tsn/train-*
  - split: test
    path: sot-tsn/test-*
- config_name: sot-tso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: sot-tso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: sot-tso/test-*
- config_name: sot-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: sot-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: sot-ven/test-*
- config_name: sot-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: sot-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: sot-xho/test-*
- config_name: sot-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: sot-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: sot-zul/test-*
- config_name: ssw-tsn
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ssw-tsn/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ssw-tsn/test-*
- config_name: ssw-tso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ssw-tso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ssw-tso/test-*
- config_name: ssw-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ssw-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ssw-ven/test-*
- config_name: ssw-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ssw-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ssw-xho/test-*
- config_name: ssw-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ssw-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ssw-zul/test-*
- config_name: tsn-tso
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: tsn-tso/train-*
  - split: test
    path: tsn-tso/test-*
- config_name: tsn-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: tsn-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: tsn-ven/test-*
- config_name: tsn-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: tsn-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: tsn-xho/test-*
- config_name: tsn-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: tsn-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: tsn-zul/test-*
- config_name: tso-ven
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: tso-ven/train-*
  - split: test
    path: tso-ven/test-*
- config_name: tso-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: tso-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: tso-xho/test-*
- config_name: tso-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: tso-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: tso-zul/test-*
- config_name: ven-xho
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ven-xho/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ven-xho/test-*
- config_name: ven-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: ven-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: ven-zul/test-*
- config_name: xho-zul
  data_files:
  - split: train
    path: xho-zul/train-*
  - split: test
    path: xho-zul/test-*
dataset_info:
- config_name: afr-eng
  features:
  - name: afr
    dtype: string
  - name: eng
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
  splits:
  - name: train
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    num_examples: 2660
  - name: test
    num_bytes: 171644
    num_examples: 570
  - name: eval
    num_bytes: 172132
    num_examples: 571
  download_size: 757198
  dataset_size: 1137306
- config_name: afr-nbl
  features:
  - name: afr
    dtype: string
  - name: nbl
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
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  - name: train
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    num_examples: 723
  - name: test
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    num_examples: 155
  - name: eval
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    num_examples: 155
  download_size: 279950
  dataset_size: 399271
- config_name: afr-nso
  features:
  - name: afr
    dtype: string
  - name: nso
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
  splits:
  - name: train
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    num_examples: 3357
  - name: test
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    num_examples: 840
  download_size: 890617
  dataset_size: 1398549
- config_name: afr-sot
  features:
  - name: afr
    dtype: string
  - name: sot
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
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  - name: train
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    num_examples: 3392
  - name: test
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    num_examples: 848
  download_size: 898004
  dataset_size: 1392912
- config_name: afr-ssw
  features:
  - name: afr
    dtype: string
  - name: ssw
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
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  - name: train
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    num_examples: 3477
  - name: test
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    num_examples: 870
  download_size: 919018
  dataset_size: 1393772
- config_name: afr-tsn
  features:
  - name: afr
    dtype: string
  - name: tsn
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
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  - name: train
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    num_examples: 3235
  - name: test
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    num_examples: 809
  download_size: 912706
  dataset_size: 1443032
- config_name: afr-tso
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  - name: tso
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  - name: score
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  - name: __index_level_0__
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    num_examples: 3374
  - name: test
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    num_examples: 844
  download_size: 899676
  dataset_size: 1405022
- config_name: afr-ven
  features:
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  - name: score
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    num_examples: 238
  download_size: 317431
  dataset_size: 499976
- config_name: afr-xho
  features:
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  - name: score
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  dataset_size: 1401670
- config_name: afr-zul
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- config_name: default
  features:
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  - name: score
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- config_name: eng-nbl
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  - name: score
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  - name: __index_level_0__
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  download_size: 83382
  dataset_size: 110551
- config_name: eng-nso
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  - name: score
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  dataset_size: 1213416
- config_name: eng-sot
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- config_name: eng-ssw
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- config_name: eng-tsn
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- config_name: eng-tso
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- config_name: eng-ven
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    dtype: float64
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- config_name: eng-xho
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- config_name: eng-zul
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- config_name: nbl-nso
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- config_name: nbl-sot
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- config_name: nbl-ssw
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- config_name: nbl-tsn
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- config_name: nbl-tso
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- config_name: nbl-ven
  features:
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  - name: score
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  - name: test
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  dataset_size: 1396141
- config_name: nbl-xho
  features:
  - name: nbl
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  - name: xho
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
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    num_examples: 461
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  download_size: 155653
  dataset_size: 214148
- config_name: nbl-zul
  features:
  - name: nbl
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  - name: zul
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  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
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  - name: test
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  download_size: 0
  dataset_size: 160364
- config_name: nso-sot
  features:
  - name: nso
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  - name: sot
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  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
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  download_size: 940696
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- config_name: nso-ssw
  features:
  - name: nso
    dtype: string
  - name: ssw
    dtype: string
  - name: score
    dtype: float64
  - name: __index_level_0__
    dtype: int64
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---

# The Vuk'uzenzele South African Multilingual Corpus

Github: [https://github.com/dsfsi/vukuzenzele-nlp/](https://github.com/dsfsi/vukuzenzele-nlp/)

Zenodo: [![DOI](https://zenodo.org/badge/DOI/10.5281/zenodo.7598539.svg)](https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7598539)

Arxiv Preprint: [![arXiv](https://img.shields.io/badge/arXiv-2303.03750-b31b1b.svg)](https://arxiv.org/abs/2303.03750)

Give Feedback 📑: [DSFSI Resource Feedback Form](https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf7S36dyAUPx2egmXbFpnTBuzoRulhL5Elu-N1eoMhaO7v10w/formResponse)

# About
The dataset was obtained from the South African government magazine Vuk'uzenzele, created by the [Government Communication and Information System (GCIS)](https://www.gcis.gov.za/). 
The original raw PDFS were obtatined from the [Vuk'uzenzele website](https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/).

The datasets contain government magazine editions in 11 languages, namely:

|  Language  | Code  |  Language  | Code |
|------------|-------|------------|-------|
| English    | (eng) | Sepedi     | (sep) |
| Afrikaans  | (afr) | Setswana   | (tsn) |
| isiNdebele | (nbl) | Siswati    | (ssw) |
| isiXhosa   | (xho) | Tshivenda  | (ven) |
| isiZulu    | (zul) | Xitstonga  | (tso) |
| Sesotho    | (nso) |

## Available pairings

The alignment direction is bidrectional, i.e. xho-zul is zul-xho

afr-eng; afr-nbl; afr-nso; afr-sot; afr-ssw; afr-tsn; afr-tso; afr-ven; afr-xho; afr-zul  
eng-nbl; eng-nso; eng-sot ;eng-ssw; eng-tsn; eng-tso; eng-ven; eng-xho; eng-zul  
nbl-nso; nbl-sot; nbl-ssw; nbl-tsn; nbl-tso; nbl-ven; nbl-xho; nbl-zul  
nso-sot; nso-ssw; nso-tsn; nso-tso; nso-ven; nso-xho; nso-zul  
sot-ssw; sot-tsn; sot-tso; sot-ven; sot-xho; sot-zul  
ssw-tsn; ssw-tso; ssw-ven; ssw-xho; ssw-zul  
tsn-tso; tsn-ven; tsn-xho; tsn-zul  
tso-ven; tso-xho; tso-zul  
ven-xho; ven-zul  
xho-zul  

# Disclaimer

This dataset contains machine-readable data extracted from PDF documents, from https://www.vukuzenzele.gov.za/, provided by the Government Communication Information System (GCIS). While efforts were made to ensure the accuracy and completeness of this data, there may be errors or discrepancies between the original publications and this dataset. No warranties, guarantees or representations are given in relation to the information contained in the dataset. The members of the Data Science for Societal Impact Research Group bear no responsibility and/or liability for any such errors or discrepancies in this dataset. The Government Communication Information System (GCIS) bears no responsibility and/or liability for any such errors or discrepancies in this dataset. It is recommended that users verify all information contained herein before making decisions based upon this information.

# Datasets
The datasets consist of pairwise sentence aligned data. There are 55 distinct datasets of paired sentences.
The data is obtained by comparing [LASER](https://github.com/facebookresearch/LASER) embeddings of sentence tokens between 2 languages. If the similarity is high, the sentences are deemed semantic equivalents of one another and the observation is outputted. 

Naming convention:  
The naming structure of the pairwise_sentence_aligned folder is `aligned-{src_lang_code}-{tgt_lang_code}.csv`.  
For example, `aligned-afr-zul.csv` is the aligned sentences between Afrikaans and isiZulu. 

The data is in .csv format and the columns are `src_text`,`tgt_text`,`cosine_score` where:  
- `src_text` is the source sentence
- `tgt_text` is the target sentence
- `cosine_score` is the cosine similarity score obtained by comparing the sentence embeddings, it ranges from 0 to 1

**Note:** The notion of source (src) and target (tgt) are only necessary for distinction between the languages used in the aligned pair, as the sentence semantics should be bidirectional. (hallo <-> sawubona)

# Citation
Vukosi Marivate, Andani Madodonga, Daniel Njini, Richard Lastrucci, Isheanesu Dzingirai, Jenalea Rajab. **The Vuk'uzenzele South African Multilingual Corpus**, 2023

> @dataset{marivate_vukosi_2023_7598540,
  author       = {Marivate, Vukosi and
                  Njini, Daniel and
                  Madodonga, Andani and
                  Lastrucci, Richard and
                  Dzingirai, Isheanesu
                  Rajab, Jenalea},
  title        = {The Vuk'uzenzele South African Multilingual Corpus},
  month        = feb,
  year         = 2023,
  publisher    = {Zenodo},
  doi          = {10.5281/zenodo.7598539},
  url          = {https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7598539}
}

### Licence
* Licence for Data - [CC 4.0 BY](LICENSE.md)