"{\"id\": \"206006\", \"name\": \"TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO, Appellant, v. GEORGE B. WOODWARD, et al, Appellees\", \"name_abbreviation\": \"Territory of New Mexico v. Woodward\", \"decision_date\": \"1909-08-28\", \"docket_number\": \"No. 1211\", \"first_page\": \"161\", \"last_page\": 164, \"citations\": \"15 N.M. 161\", \"volume\": \"15\", \"reporter\": \"New Mexico Reports\", \"court\": \"Supreme Court of New Mexico\", \"jurisdiction\": \"New Mexico\", \"last_updated\": \"2021-08-10T20:16:42.525067+00:00\", \"provenance\": \"CAP\", \"judges\": \"Abbott, Mechem and Cooley, Associate Justices, did not participate in this decision.\", \"parties\": \"TERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO, Appellant, v. GEORGE B. WOODWARD, et al, Appellees.\", \"head_matter\": \"[No. 1211,\\nAugust 28, 1909.]\\nTERRITORY OF NEW MEXICO, Appellant, v. GEORGE B. WOODWARD, et al, Appellees.\\nSYLLABUS.\\nWhere there is no undertaking on the part of the sureties in an appearance bond that the defendant should appear-elsewhere than in the county named or that the defendant should obey the further orders of the court, there could be-no forfeiture of the bond if the defendant defaulted after having obtained a change of venue to another county.\\nAppeal from the District Court for Bernalillo County before Ira A. Abbott, Associate Justice.\\nAffirmed.\\nJames M. IIervey, Attorney General, for Appellant.\\nAdmitting a defendant to bail and fixing the amount thereof, are acts judicial in their nature. Gregory v. State, 94 Ind. 384; Hunt v. H. S. 63 Fed. 568, 11 C. C. A. 340; Callahan v. State, 60 Ala. 65; Pinson v. State,'28 Ark.. 397; Moore v. State, 28 Ark. 480; Dickinson v. Kings-bury, 2 Day. 1; Simpson v. Bobert, 35 Ga. 180; Wallenweber v. Comm., 3 Bush. 68; Wilson v. Commonwealth, 99 Ivy. 167; State v. Jones, 3 La. Ann. 9; State v. Gilbert, 10 La. Ann. 524; State y. Wyatt, 6 La. Ann. 701; State v. McKeown, 12 La. Ann. 596; State v.\\u2019 Ansley, 13 La. Ann. 298; State v. Badon, 14 La. Ann. 783; State v. Hendrick^ 5 So. 177; State v. Jenkins, 24 Mo. App. 433; State v. Houston, 74 N. C. 54-9; Hodges v. State, 20 Tex. 493.\\nIf the condition of the bond had used merely the vords of the statute, the obligation would still be the same as that which is plainly expressed in the bond as given. C. L. 1897, sec. 3386; Norfolk v. People, 43 111. 10; Gallagher v. People, 88 111. 337; State v. Byan, 23 Iowa 406; People v. Hanow, 106 Mich. 421; State v. Brown, 16 Iowa 314; State v. Benzion, 79 Iowa 467; People v. Gordon, 39 Mich. 261; Crawford v. Yinton, 302 Mich. 85-6; Beese v. H. S. Wall. 18.\\nAn order of change of venue must be considered as within the contemplation of the sureties executing a bail bond and entering into and forming part of their contract. Davis v. South Carolina, 107 H. S. 600-1; Beasley v. State, 53 Ark. 67; State v. Brown, 16 la. 314; Barney y. Comm., 83 Ky. 534; State v. Stout, 11 N. J. L. 124; Baker v. State, 22 S. W. 1039.\\nProceedings by scire facias are proper upon a -forfeited bail bond. IT. S. v. Insley, 54 Fed. 221, 4 C. C. A. 298-9; State v. Glass, 9 la. 325; State v. Heed, 62 Mo. 559; Saunders\\u2019 Pleading 750; Tidd\\u2019s Practice 1091; Sans t. People, 3 Gilm 330; Comm. v. Green, 12 Mass. 2.\\nW. B. Ci-iilders for Appellees.\\nAction on an appearance bond is a civil action for the enforcement of a private right. C. L. 1897, sec. 2685, sub-secs. 17, 19; 19 Ene. P. & P. 307; Com. v. McNeill, 19 Pac. 136; 3 Ene. P. & P. 340, and cases cited; People v. Love, 19 Cal. 676; Brooks v. H. S. 6. N. M. 72; Himiston v. Smith, 21 Cal. 134; De Baca v. Wilcox, 11 N. M. 346; Browne & Manzanares Co. v. Chaves, 9 N. M. 316; Cameron v. Young, 6 How. Pr. 372; Alelen v. Clark, 11 How Pr. 209.\\nThe bond must follow the provisions of the Statute. C. L. 1897, sees. 3385, 3386, 3387, 3394; 5 Oye. 16, 85, note 30, 110, 124, note 10; Com. v. Thompson, 33 S. W. 1103: 16 Ene. P. & P. 837; People v. Cohen, 118 Cal. 74, 50 Pac. 20; State v. Pratt, 50 S. W. 113; U. S', v. Hudson, 65 Fed. 68.\\nThe conditions of the bond cannot be varied or changed. IT. S. v. Rundlett, 27 Fed. Cases, No. 16,208; H. S. v. Brooks, 6 N. M. 72; State v. Jones^ 29 Ark. 127; Reese v. H. S., 9 Wall. 13; Davis v. S. C., 107 H. S. 601; State v. Huston, 74 N. C. '175; H. S. v. Evans, 2 Federal 147; State v. Walker, 1 Mo. 389, 546; State v. Miles, 13 N. C. 555 ; State v. Miller, 31 Texas 564; 5 Century Digest, sec. 184;'State v. Colwell, 28 S. W. 4; State v. Randolph, 26 Mo. 213; State v. Nelson, 28 Mo. 13; State v. Fergusson, 50 Mo. 409; State v. Murdock, 81 N. W. 447.\\nThe crime charged in the bond is not sufficiently described. Heilman v. State, 25 S. W. 1120; Bonner v. Com., 85 S. W. 1185; Com. v. Thompson, 33 S. W. 113; State v. McGuire, 43 N. W. 688; Griffin v. State, 48 Ind. 258.\\nWhere bail is taken contrary to the provisions of some express statute the obligation is rendered void. State v. Satterwhite, 20 S. C. 536; Duckett v. State, 51 Miss. 799.\", \"word_count\": \"1292\", \"char_count\": \"6906\", \"text\": \"OPINION OP THE COURT.\\nPARKER, J.\\nThis was a proceeding to recoven the penalty upon an .appearance bond. Several questions are presented by the record but we do not deem it necessary to consider more than the one fundamental question which, if decided correctly, shows no cause of action which can be maintained. The condition of the bond is .as follows :\\n\\\"Now, if the said C. B. Woodward shall well and truly appear at the next ensuing term of the District Court of the Second Judicial District of New Mexico to be begun and held in and for the said County of Valencia on the first Monday in March, A. D., 1903, on the first day of said term, then 4 and there to answer any indictment that may be found against him, in said court, for said alleged crime, and shall remain in attendance upon said court from day to day, and from term to term, until discharged by authority of law, then this obligation to be void, otherwise to remain in full force and effect.\\\"\\nIt appears that the defendant was examined-by the District Judge of the Second Judicial District, sitting as Committing Magistrate, and committed to await the action of the grand jury at the next term of the District Court in Valencia County. At that term the defendant was indicted on the charge. At the succeeding term he applied for and obtained a change of venue of the cause to Bernalillo County. At the next ensuing term of the District Court for that county the cause was continued. At the next term the defendant defaulted and his bond was forfeited. This proceeding was then instituted against his sureties on the bond to recover the penalty.\\nThe court below held there was no right to recover and this was correct. There was no undertaking on the part of the sureties that the defendant should appear elsewhere than in Valencia County nor was there provision in the condition of the bond that defendant should obey the further orders of the court. Had this been the case the defendant might have been ordered to give a new bond on change of venue, and,, in default thereof, have been committed. Or, perhaps, he might have been ordered by the court, on change of venue, to .appear in Bernalillo County and remain in attendance on that court until discharged, and the sureties would still be liable upon their undertaking. But this bond contained no such condition and the obligation was solely to appear in Valencia County until discharged. There could be no forfeiture of the bond for failure to appear elsewhere .and his appearance there was discharged by the order changing the venue.\\nFor the reason stated the judgment of the court below will be affirmed and it is so ordered.\\nAbbott, Mechem and Cooley, Associate Justices, did not participate in this decision.\"}"