sentence: Yang et al. ( 2019a , 2019b ) used linkage analysis of 192 recombinant inbred lines ( RILs ) produced from YZX and 02428 to detect 13 stable QTLs on chromosomes 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 6 , 7 , 9 , 10 and 12 , taking the CL , coleoptile diameter ( CD ) , coleoptile surface area ( CSA ) and coleoptile volume ( CV ) at 6 days after submergence and the germination of the seeds of the two generations as indicators.Most of the existing reports are based on the genetic site mining of populations derived from different parents ( such as RILs ; NILs ; and BILs ) , but these studies are limited by the genetic information possessed by the parents and by molecular marker density , so their identification of flooding-resistant germination loci related to coleoptile elongation is limited.Genome-wide association studies ( GWAS ) based on SSR ( Li et al. 2012 ) or single nucleotide polymorphism ( SNP ) markers ( Huang et al. 2010 ; Zhao et al. 2011 ; Huang et al. 2012 ) have been widely used in model plants , including rice .