sentence: These interpretations are based on our main findings : ( i ) noninvasive ESI and MSI localize scalp ripples precisely compared to the conventional icEEG ‐ ripple ‐ zone ; ( ii ) cortical generators of scalp ‐ recorded ripples and spikes that co ‐ occur in time are often spatially distinct ; ( iii ) ripples ‐ alone on HD ‐ EEG or MEG are most likely localized outside epileptogenic areas compared to ripples ‐ on ‐ spikes ; and ( iv ) missed resection of areas that generate scalp ‐ recorded ripples ‐ on ‐ spikes , but not ripples ‐ alone , predicts poor outcome .